Abstract P22 phage >105 PFU ml−1 could be used to inhibit Salmonella Typhimurium biofilm formation by 55–80%. Concentrations of EDTA >1.25 mM and concentrations of nisin >1,200 µg ml−1 were also highly effective in reducing S. Typhimurium biofilm formation (≥96% and ≥95% reductions were observed, respectively). A synergistic effect was observed when EDTA and nisin were combined whereas P22 phage in combination with nisin had no synergistic impact on biofilm formation. Triple combination of P22 phage, EDTA and nisin could be also used to inhibit biofilm formation (≥93.2%) at a low phage titer (102 PFU ml−1), and low EDTA (1.25 mM) and nisin (9.375 µg ml−1) concentrations. A reduction of 70% in the mature biofilm was possible when 107 PFU ml−1 of P22 phage, 20 mM of EDTA and 150 μg ml−1 of nisin were used in combination. This study revealed that it could be possible to reduce biofilm formation by S. Typhimurium by the use of P22 phage, EDTA and nisin, either alone or in combination. Although, removal of the mature biofilm was more difficult, the triple combination could be successfully used for mature biofilm of S. Typhimurium.


s:This experiment selects twenty different crossbred beefs and Yanbian yellow cattle to go on comparative experiment of finishing effects in 100 days. The twenty cattle include five crossbreeding F 1 bulls of Simmental×Yanbian yellow cattle(SY), five crossbreeding F 1 bulls of Charolais×Yanbian yellow cattle(CY), five crossbreeding F 1 bulls of Piedmontese × Yanbian yellow cattle(PY) and five Yanbian yellow bulls.The result show as follows: CY(1334g ) and SY(1309) and PY(1121g)'s average daily gain were all significantly higher than Yanbian yellow bull(827g P0.05)'s;CY and SY's average daily gains were significantly higher than PY's respectively(P0.05);but it was no significantly different between CY and SY.CY(61.3%) and SY(60.8%) and PY(58.2%)'s,dressing percentage was all significantly higher than Yanbian yellow bull's respectively (51.2% P0.05),but it was no significantly different between different crossbred group.Net beef percentage of the three crossbred group's was all significantly higher than Yanbian yellow bull(P0.05)'s;SY and CY's net beef percentages were significantly higher than PY's,but they were not significantly different each other.


TABLE OF CONTENTSINTRODUCTION . 595I. Overview of the Pertinent Immigration Laws & Definition of the Legal Standard.600A. Principles of Immigration Law: Sorting Through the Alphabet Soup.6001. Immigrants v. nonimmigrants.6002. Temporary v. dual intent.601B. The Migration Process for H-1B Temporary Workers.603C. The Migration Process for F-1 International Students .... 606D. Building Bridges: Developments to Transition Students to Full-time Employees.607E. Current Status: The WashTech Case and DHS's 2016 Regulation . 609F. The Question of Deference: Framing the Standard.612II. Applying the Five-Step Test: Is the Regulation a Valid Exercise of DHS's Power?.616A. The STEM OPT Regulation Is Authorized, Procedurally Valid, and Fills a Gap in the Immigration and Nationality Act.617B. The STEM OPT Regulation Is a Permissible Interpretation of the Immigration and Nationality Act.6201. Congress's longstanding acquiescence to DHS's interpretation approving practical training for foreign students.6212. DHS's STEM OPT extension is justified by a rational connection between economic, educational, and social concerns.6233. The STEM OPT regulation is not manifestly contrary to the Immigration and Nationality Act.627C. Recommendations . 630Conclusion . 632"Strangers are welcome, because there is room enough for them all, and therefore the old inhabitants are not jealous of them; the laws protect them sufficiently, so that they have no need of the patronage of great men; and every one will enjoy securely the profits of his industry. But if he does not bring a fortune with him, he must work and be industrious to live."-Benjamin Franklin1INTRODUCTIONIshwar Meyyappan, an engineering student from a small town in India, had one goal after he completed his graduate studies in the United States: to assist in developing India's solar power capacity and do so in an energy-efficient manner.2 Throughout his studies at Columbia University, he learned how solar power works, as well as what the policy and business implications of the industry are- principles he would not have been able to learn at an engineering school in India.3 He then wanted to work at a U.S. solar panel company for a few years to gain experience that he could take back and apply to his work in India.4 Before the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) finalized the new Optional Practical Training (OPT) regulation in March 2016,5 Meyyappan worried about whether he would find a job that would allow him to stay and gain the valuable work experience for which he came to the United States to begin with. It can be difficult and impractical for U.S. firms to hire foreign students for just twelve months-the period of training foreign students received pursuant to the 2008 OPT rule-because a large part of that time may be spent training the new employee.6 The new OPT regulation, which allows students in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) fields to stay an additional twenty- four months7 therefore benefits both U.S. employers and graduating international students: the new regulation makes it more economical for employers to hire these graduates, which in turn creates more on-the-job training opportunities.The United States' immigration framework is a complex body of laws that places various restrictions on nonimmigrants-including students.8 "Immigrant" visa holders are considered to be moving to the United States permanently, and the visa includes a work authorization.9 "Nonimmigrant" visa holders, such as students, however, are not always authorized to work because their visa category states that they are coming to the United States temporarily to study.10 Students from all over the world choose to come to the United States to attend the most prestigious institutions and receive the best training.11 While some of these students may intend to stay only temporarily to study and establish contacts within their career field of choice, others are inclined to remain after graduation and transition into the working world. …


Dilating on the sources of poetic inspiration, Longinus compared the power of writers from the past to the fumes, belched from the earth, that enraptured the Oracle at Delphi (sect. xiii). Offering this passage as a guide to those wishing for success "in the sublime way of writing," Joseph Addison warns that catching the spirit of a model involves more than imitation (1712a, 107). His own success in inspiring a future generation of writers is well attested by the afterlife of a series of later Spectator essays on the "Pleasures of the Imagination" in which he advances his arrestingly illustrated theory of the sublime, based on Longinus's separation of the great from the beautiful (1712b). Just how farreaching his influence in this quarter proved to be is brought home by a specific borrowing that has escaped notice. Addison's distinctions between the great, the uncommon, and the beautiful are rehearsed by Mark Akenside, in a much-cited passage from the first book of The Pleasures of Imagination (1744), where he simultaneously follows the gist of a section from Longinus. Taking note of this dual level of allusion, Mrs. Barbauld praised the passage for its "grandeur of thought and loftiness of expression," while remarking on its freedom and spontaneity (1794, 12). Marrying the poetic convention of astral travel with the neoplatonic motif of psychic ascent, the verse paragraph in question ("Say, why was man so eminently rais'd") presents the flight of a liberated soul on its passage through the solar system to the outer bounds of space. But where Longinus's cosmic traverse is purely cognitive ("our thoughts soar") and comes to rest on the "two great Fires of Heaven" (1712, 105–06), Akenside's cosmonaut sails, boldly embodied, into a zone beyond the limit of what is visible from the earth:


Objective: To evaluate the role of pupillary hippus as a potential biomarker of idiopathic Parkinson's Disease (PD).
Background: The autonomic and other neuronal systems show progressive degeneration in patients with PD. We hypothesized that, as neuronal systems degenerated, the complex interactions causing hippus and the spontaneous oscillations themselves would become simpler.
Design/Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the spontaneous pupillary oscillations of 8 patients with PD at different stages of disease (age 56-86 mean 71) and 11 patients with neurologic disease who were tested because of abnormal eye movements (age 35-84 mean 56). The most common diagnosis was nystagmus of unclear etiology. Pupil size of all patients was recorded in the same room with the same lighting using infrared video-oculography at 240 Hz. All were instructed to fixate a small target at one meter for 2 minutes. Blink artifacts were eliminated using a custom Matlab program. Twenty second artifact free samples were used for analysis. Hippus was quantitated using the Pupillary Unrest Index (PUI) as described by (M.Warga et al., 2009).
Results: Pupil size in the two groups was not statistically different, but PD were slightly older than controls (p< 0.05). The range of PUI for the controls was 2.92-5.23mm/min (mean 3.84mm/min, std 0.91). The range of PUI for PD patients was 0.43-0.86mm/min (mean 0.71mm/min, std 0.16). A 2-tailed t-test showed significance at p=0.0000014. A twelfth control patient was excluded when he was found to have a diagnosis of PSP. His PUI was similar to those in the PD group at 0.86mm/min.
Conclusions: Although our groups were small, there was no overlap in PUI between PD and patients with other neurologic diseases using only a 20 second pupillary recording. This suggests the evaluation of hippus may play an important role in the evaluation of patients with PD and other basal ganglia disorders. Disclosure: Dr. Mangipudi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Cristini has nothing to disclose. Dr. Hanna has received personal compensation for activities with Teva Neuroscience, GlaxoSmithKline, Inc., and Lundbeck Research USA, Inc. as an advisory board member and/or speaker. Dr. Rosenberg has nothing to disclose.


Based on ecological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis, it is possible to try to reconstruct the evolution of ecological traits in turtles. However, the European pond turtle is treated by different scientists as aquatic or as semi-aquatic species. The importance of terrestrial behaviour for this species is discussed.


The studies of effect of geometry and welding details of elements of moment connections on their seismic behavior, especially in the case of box column, have a special importance. This article presents the result of analytical study on the behavior of steel moment–resisting connections using flange plates. Two groups of models of moment connection of I–beam to box column with flange plates were studied. First group of models of connections have IPE600 beam while the second one have IPE400 beam. In this paper damage indexes, including Triaxiality index and Rupture index, were extracted and compared under the monotonic load. The result of this study show that using transverse fillet weld at the nose of flange plate in models with higher beam, increase the brittle fracture potential at the face of column and also applying transverse fillet weld cause more uniformly distributed stress at the face of column.


Drilling construction quality is closely related with drilling engineering design level, however, drilling engineering design includes multi different professional fields such as geology, reservoir and drilling engineering and so on, and optimization design needs people's cooperative work from different specialties and sections. Today drilling engineering design is usually completed by relevant staffs in isolation, and then drilling engineering planning report is generated by collection. In this process of design, there are lots of problems, such as lack of formation interaction, long design period, and inadequate capability to meet the high efficiency of optimization requirements. In this paper the model of drilling engineering cooperative design based on workflow is put forward, and by using computer workflow technology, planning automatic design workflow and providing cooperative work environment for people in different specialties and fields, it can satisfy the need for information sharing during design process, improve design efficiency, and provide support for drilling optimization design. The multi-user cooperative model and workflow management model of drilling engineering design is detailed in this paper.


FIELD: medicine, stomatology. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a gel composition used in treatment of stomatological diseases. The composition comprises an active component represented by diclofenac and chlorhexidine gluconate, mucoadhesive reagent, gel-forming agent and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient wherein components are taken in the definite ratio. The composition is prepared by dissolving diclofenac in propylene glycol followed by addition of carboxyvinyl polymer and copolymer of methylvinyl ester with maleic anhydride and the following addition of prepared solution to a separately prepared system of solvents at continuous stirring, the following addition to the prepared gel of EDTA disodium salt aqueous solution, saccharin sodium salt and chlorhexidine gluconate up to the complete dissolution. Prepared composition provides retaining a medicinal preparation on the damaged site for the more long time and provides local delivery of the preparation for therapeutic effect. EFFECT: improved preparing method, valuable medicinal properties of gel composition. 21 cl, 3 tbl, 3 ex


Large‐scale and low‐cost preparation of carbon‐based potassium anode with long life and high capacity is one of the footstones for the development of potassium ion batteries (PIBs). Herein, a low‐cost carbon‐based material, cross‐linked hollow graphitic carbon (HGC), is large scale synthesized to apply for PIBs anode. Its hollow structure can afford sufficient space to overcome the damage caused by the volume expansion of graphitic carbon (GC). While the cross‐linked structure forms a compact interconnection network that allows electrons to rapid transfer between different GC frameworks. Electrochemical measurements demonstrated that the HGC anode exhibited low charge/discharge plateau (about 0.25 V and 0.1 V) and excellent specific capacity as high as 298 mA h g−1 at the current density of 50 mA g−1. And more important, after 200 cycles the capacity of HGC anode still shows 269 mA h g−1 (the decay rate of per cycle is only 0.048%). Meanwhile, the use of commercial traditional electrolyte (KPF6) and cheap raw materials that provide new hope for trying and realizing the large‐scale production of PIBs based on carbon anode materials.


Network security systems becomeanessential part ofmany network structures inbothcompany anduniversity domains. Thesesystems however require ahigher semantic level of network traffic analysis like stateful filtration orTCPstream reassembling. Thispaper deals withanarchitecture offlexible FlowContext platform capable ofstateful processing at multigigabit speeds. Itallows toanalyze andprocess incomingnetwork traffic withaflow-based approach rather than packet-based one.Theproposed architecture isflexible in supporting widerangeofapplications, allows performance scalability andstate information consistency checking. The advantages andflexibility ofproposed platform isdemonstrated onseveral network security applications.


The LHCf experiment at LHC has been designed to provide a calibration of nuclear interaction models used in cosmic ray physics up to energies relevant to test the region between the knee and the GZK cut-off. Details of the detector and its performances are discussed.


Observations are presented on the feeding capacities of captive vampire bats ( Desmodus rotundus ) and on their excretory functions as these relate to the volume of blood ingested and the metabolic efficiency of blood utilization. The average daily intake of blood by individual members of two large groups of bats in which consumption records were kept for a full year was 15.3 ml and 15.6 ml; the range of variation was between 11.6 and 21.0 ml. The daily consumption average of isolated individuals tended to be somewhat higher. One non-pregnant female maintained in isolation for 17 days consumed blood in excess of her body weight (28 gm ) on 13 of them, and on two days the amounts ingested were as high as 47 and 52 ml respectively. Urine excretion is copious, and generally amounts to slightly less than 50 per cent by volume of the blood ingested over a 24 hour period. Urine flow begins promptly after feeding, and evidence is presented that the tubular stomach is a major site of fluid absorption. Based upon observation of a single bat over a 4-day period it is estimated that the animal ingested (on a dry weight basis) an average of 0.12 gm solids/gm body weight per day, and "utilized" metabolically about 73% of the solids ingested. Justification is presented for our estimate (probably conservative), that under natural conditions a single vampire may ingest nearly two gallons of blood a year, and that the total blood lost by the animal prey of vampires in countries (such as Mexico) where the bats are common may amount to many hundreds of thousands of gallons annually.


There have recently been a number of reports on Cw3 variants. By using 9th International Histocompatibility Workshop (9 IHW) sera to study 18 Chinese families, we were able to identify three distinct Cw3 patterns: Cw3.1, Cw3.2 and CSH1. CSH1 appears to be that component at the broad Cw3 determinant that is shared with the broad Cw1 determinant. With 9 IHW sera, we were able to distinguish between Cw1 and Cw3 traveling on the same haplotype from Cw1 and Cw3 traveling on different haplotypes.


The increasing concern about environmental and health topics generates negative public reaction when the construction of an industrial facility that emits pollutants into the atmosphere is announced. This paper proposes a methodology for industrial facility location. This methodology considers preselection, assessment and establishment of potential sites. In addition, it seeks to ensure compliance with legislation regarding pollution receipt though including parameters previously obtained by spatial diffusion models of contaminants into multiobjective facility location model. An application case from a group of brickwork industries in Yahualica, Jalisco, Mexico is solved. The results show that alternative configurations obtained contribute to economic feasibility, social justice and compliance of pollution parameters which are legally established.


The social economy is trying to address the issues of social and economic disparity and to find alternative socio-economic solutions for poverty eradication and to facilitate community outreach public well-being. Currently, the social economy (SE) courses are teaching in many universities, colleges, and develop social enterprise different initiatives. Moreover, social economy researchers present their research findings at different seminars, conferences, symposiums; many books and journals are published on the social economy; however, very few initiatives have taken to educating the end users of community outreach the social entrepreneur. Hence, the paper focuses to discern how social economy (SE) concept, its different initiatives, operational strategies, and policies can be reached to community outreach people in order to orient them about these phenomena. The paper contains the definition of SE, the importance of SE, and issues in SE with examples, how social economy community outreach learning can be facilitated to inform readers. The paper is written based on literature reviews, the author's personal experience, and secondary data. The paper finds SE ideas are traveling within academicians, researchers, social economy study students, and social economy practitioners. Therefore, the social economy community outreach education is very important to educate community outreach people to develop their understanding of the social economy, their benefit, to know how social enterprises can be initiated and managed by the community outreach people and prospective community social entrepreneurs.


Seven patients with an extensive lichen planus of unknown etiology were investigated with bone marrow smears. Normal values were found by differential counting.


A transition metal-free α,β-dehydrogenation of ketones and aldehydes was developed. This reaction was conducted in a facile I2/KI/DMSO system to produce the corresponding unsaturated compounds in good to high yields. The gram-scale experiment also indicated the potential synthetic value of this new reaction in organic synthesis. In the reaction, DMSO acted as both solvent and mild oxidant.


Since the famous study of Georges Lefebvre, the Great Fear of 1789 symbolizes the entry of peasants in the Revolutionary process. Many historians consider that the terrifying rumors of the summer of 1789, deeply anti-aristocratic, mobilized peasants against lords and the old order. This study aims at showing that peasants were not the only actors of the Great Fear, a finding that has many consequences on its general


Polymorphisms were screened in exons of porcine erythropoietin receptor(EPOR) gene by resequencing exons using PCR amplification of a DNA pool from 5 Beijing Black pigs and 5 Min pigs.3 SNPs,g.1147CG in exon 2,g.1645GA in exon 3 and g.4953CT in exon 8,were detected.In which,g.1147CG in exon 2 causes an amino acid substitution(LeuVal) at position 50(NP_999457),and g.1645GA in exon 3 causes an amino acid substitution(ArgHis) at position 92.The third SNP,g.4953CT in exon 8,was a synonymous varibation.Except for g.4953CT,Hardy-Weinberg equilibriums were found at g.1147CG and g.1645GA in 30 Beijing Black pigs.


A higher precision of clock synchronization is needed with the development of network and distributed system,and especially the high-precision clock synchronization is the foundation of all applications in a distributed motion control system.The basic principle of IEEE 1588 standard is introduced,and the key factors which affect the clock synchronization are studied theoretically.Through comparison of various methods,the best cost-effective implementation based on STM32F107VC microprocessor is decided,and the high precision clock synchronization below 300ns is realized by capturing hardware time stamp and adjusting frequency drift.


Thomas Henry Manning, a pioneer in exploration, ornithology, and mammalogy of the Canadian Arctic, was born in Northampton, England, on 22 December 1911, and educated at Harrow and Cambridge. He first came to Canada in 1933 to spend two years in a geographical and biological survey of Southampton Island, sponsored by the Royal Geographic Society, to collect birds and mammals for the British Museum. From 1936 to 1941, he led the British Canadian Arctic Expedition to Southampton and Baffin islands and Repulse Bay and definitively mapped the last uncharted coastlines of Foxe Basin. In 1942, he joined the Royal Canadian Navy and among other things advised U.S. Army Engineers on the construction of arctic airfields. After the war, he worked in the north with, or collecting for, the Canadian Geodetic Survey, the Defence Research Board, the National Museum of Canada, the Royal Ontario Museum of Zoology, and the Canadian Wildlife Service; caribou and polar bears were among species tudied for the latter. In 1955-1956, he was executive director of the Arctic Institute of North America. From the


Carnatic music, a form of Indian Art Music, has relied on an oral tradition for transferring knowledge across several generations. Over the last two hundred years, the use of prescriptive notations has been adopted for learning, sight-playing and sight-singing. Prescriptive notations offer generic guidelines for a raga rendition and do not include information about the ornamentations or the gamakas, which are considered to be critical for characterizing a raga. In this paper, we show that prescriptive notations contain raga attributes and can reliably identify a raga of Carnatic music from its octave-folded prescriptive notations. We restrict the notations to 7 notes and suppress the finer note position information. A dictionary based approach captures the statistics of repetitive note patterns within a raga notation. The proposed stochastic models of repetitive note patterns (or SMRNP in short) obtained from raga notations of known compositions, outperforms the state of the art melody based raga identification technique on an equivalent melodic data corresponding to the same compositions. This in turn shows that for Carnatic music, the note transitions and movements have a greater role in defining the raga structure than the exact note positions.


The question of reality in all forms of the Gothic has no specific answer. A text is liable to several interpretations and the referent is not so clear in such narratives. In The Haunting of Hill House , the incidents that take place in the house can be taken both as realities fostered on the protagonist through her supernatural relation to the evil house, or mere projections created through her mind abilities. The aim of this study is twofold: both to illustrate the reality of the haunting, and this is through studying different forms of doubling and applying Sigmund Freud's theory of the uncanny 'unheimlich' on the novel and, consequently, to determine the genre of the novel. Being a ghost story or not, this will be clear by the end after discussing the main issue in this study of the novel; who haunts the house. If the protagonist is the target of the haunting, the story will be considered a ghost story. But assuming that it is she who does the haunting, the story will be dealt with as a psychological gothic horror work by Jackson.


Plasma-activated fuel cell operation is examined using dielectric-barrier discharges introduced into the inlet fuel and air streams of laboratory proton exchange membrane (PEM) based devices. We compare the performance of the hydrogen-driven-PEM fuel cell in the presence/absence of the plasma discharge, and under conditions of three different types of membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs). The results of these studies indicate that a conventional Nafion membrane with a catalyst and carbon cloth gas diffusion layer (GDL) show little enhancement under plasma exposure. Removal of just the GDL was also unaffected by the discharge activation, however, operation of the fuel cell with a bare Nafion membrane resulted in an open circuit voltage (OCV) of 1.8V, a nearly 1V increase over the OCV obtained in the standard configuration. No attempt has yet been made to analyze the current-voltage characteristic, as the current is presently limited by the ability to draw away surface charge. The results are nevertheless encouraging, and ongoing studies include the development of a suitable carbon layer to serve as an electrode while providing adequate exposure of the membrane to the adjacent plasma. In parallel, we have developed models of the plasma activated streams, for use in simulating in-situ methane reforming of hydrogen. Experiments are underway in measuring the OCV when operating on methane and dilute methane fuel streams. Introduction This research involves the study of the use of non-equilibrium plasma discharges generated in-situ, within the inlet channels of fuel cells, to enhance fuel cell efficiency. While in theory, a fuel cell can have a potentially high thermodynamic efficiency (~ 80 % for a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell at 100 °C and 1 atm pressure), in practice, fuel cells exhibits a much lower efficiency (~ 40 %) due to three major factorsactivation, ohmic and mass transport losses. The activation loss is caused by the inefficiencies at which reactants form ions and electrons at the catalyst surface. Ohmic loss is due to finite ion diffusion rates through an electrolyte. The mass transport loss is primarily a result of the limited rate of ion flux in the gas diffusion layer (GDL). Here, we believe that the use of a non-equilibrium plasma discharge can eliminate/diminish those losses for the following reasons; (i) the non-equilibrium plasma can generate high ion/atom/radical concentrations in low power/volume requirements, which can reduce the activation loss (or may eliminate the need for the catalyst layer altogether), (ii) the presence of higher concentrations of ion/atoms/radicals in the flow channel should partially alleviate the concentration limit caused by the saturation of mass transport, (iii) the dissociation and the activation of reactants before the GDL due to the presence of the non-equilibrium plasma may improve the diffusion characteristic of the species through the layer. The exploratory phase of this research is aimed at: (a) carrying out a system level analysis to determine the overall benefits that a plasma discharge can offer to fuel cell systems; (b) designing a preliminary laboratory-scale fuel cell/plasma discharge assembly;


This article describes the procedure and results of investigation of the main thermal strain indices that determine the probability of cold cracking in welding of low- and medium-alloyed steels. The relationship has been established between the process of intensive relaxation of temporary stresses during structural transformations and initiation of microcracks in cooling under the conditions of welding thermal strain cycle. Parameter M{sub r} has been suggested for estimation of steel susceptibility to cold crack formation. Effect of hydrogen on cold cracking is analyzed.


Samuelson [1947], in his Foundations of Economic Analysis, credits Walras with having shown many years before that it is possible to modify utility analysis so as to take account of the peculiar properties of money (Samuelson [1947], p. 118). In response to Walras' critics who feared "that there was something viciously circular in assuming the existence of prices and of a 'value for money' in the midst of the process by which that value was to be determined", Samuelson sought to clear up such misconceptions, by deriving the consumer's demand function for holding of money from a utility function subject to a linear budget constraint in which the price of "gold" * and the rate of interest, as well as commodity prices and total expenditure appear as parameters (Samuelson [1947], p. 119-121). Samuelson introduced commodity prices and the price of "gold" into the consumer's ordinal direct utility function U(X;p) as parameters.2 Apart from the usual restrictions on fixed-preference utility functions, only homogeneity of degree zero in all prices was imposed. Even without an explicit form of a direct utility function that restriction is sufficient to imply the meaningful, refutable hypothesis that the demand for (holding) money has


Tamarix L is the largest genus within the family Tamaricaceae. In this study, we try to simulate the phylogenetic relationships of Tamarix species using the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences and projecting them to Algeria. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences were obtained from the GenBank to identify the relationships among Tamarix taxa. The phylogenetic trees were constructed using Neighbour-Joining (NJ) and Maximum Parsimony (MP) inference methods and were found to have very identical topologies. The phylogenetic analyses divide the Tamarix species into two clades. The results of this study revealed that this genus constituted a monophyletic group. This study reveals that phylogenetic analysis of the Tamarix genus in Algeria is not based solely on molecular analyzes. The substitution of a bio-morphological analysis proves complementary in order to effectively distinguish the different species, especially hybrids.


Thin-film solar cells based on silicon have emerged as an alternative to standard thick wafers technology, but they are less efficient, because of incomplete absorption of sunlight, and non-radiative recombinations. In this paper, we focus on the case of crystalline silicon (c-Si) devices, and we present a full analytic electro-optical model for p-n junction solar cells with Lambertian light trapping. This model is validated against numerical solutions of the drift-diffusion equations. We use this model to investigate the interplay between light trapping, and bulk and surface recombination. Special attention is paid to surface recombination processes, which become more important in thinner devices. These effects are further amplified due to the textures required for light trapping, which lead to increased surface area. We show that c-Si solar cells with thickness of a few microns can overcome 20% efficiency and outperform bulk ones when light trapping is implemented. The optimal device thickness in presence of light trapping, bulk and surface recombination, is quantified to be in the range of 10–80 μm, depending on the bulk quality. These results hold, provided the effective surface recombination is kept below a critical level of the order of 100 cm/s. We discuss the possibility of meeting this requirement, in the context of state-of-the-art techniques for light trapping and surface passivation. We show that our predictions are within the capability of present day silicon technologies.


The principle of semiconductor refrigeration is applied in a dehumidifier A heat pump is introduced to the heat end of the semiconductor so as to improve heat dispersion.The possibility that the humidifier runs at high efficiency is analyzed.


Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy (dSTORM) is a novel, high resolution technique to produce fluorescence images. It uses conventional organic fluorophores which are fluorescent molecules that emit light when excited in either a spontaneous or induced way. Common examples of fluorophores are labeled antibodies, used as markers to indicate locations of certain proteins. The fluorophores attached to certain proteins are activated which then "blink" intermittently. Due to the stochastic nature of the fluorophores, only a subset of them are activated at once. Then their positions are precisely determined by fitting Gaussian to each and localizing them, which means taking an image. After localization, they are deactivated to prepare activation of another subset of the fluorophores. Repetitive activation, localization, and deactivation – more than few thousand times – and reconstruction of all the images into one by overlapping them yield 10-fold better resolution compared to conventional fluorescence microscopy [3]. Also, with dSTORM, it is possible to generate 3D or multi-coloured images.


In order to examine the role of activated α-carbon atom hydrogen of α-amino acid in the salt effect on tris(α-amino acidato)cobalt(III) ([Co(aa)3]), the solubilities of mer- and fac-tris(2-aminoisobutyrato)cobalt(III) (mer- and fac-[Co(aiba)3]) in water and in aqueous NaBr and tetrabutylammonium bromide (Bu4NBr) solutions were determined over the temperature range 5 to 40 °C. From these solubility data, the standard enthalpy (ΔtrH0) and entropy of transfer (ΔtrS0) at 25 °C for mer- and fac-[Co(aiba)3] from water to the aqueous NaBr and Bu4NBr solutions were estimated. A comparison with the ΔtrH0 and TΔtrS0 data for mer-[Co(aa)3] of L-leucine (leuH), L-alanine (alaH), and glycine (glyH) shows that both ΔtrH0 and TΔtrS0 for the transfer of mer-[Co(aa)3] to the NaBr solutions are negative; the large negative ΔtrH0 increases the solubility of mer-[Co(aa)3] (salting-in effect). Both ΔtrH0 and TΔtrS0 decrease in the order of mer–[Co(aiba)3] > mer–(+)–[Co(L–leu)3] > mer–(+)–[Co(L–ala)3] > mer–[Co(gly)3]. This se...


A novel algorithm is proposed for the purpose of improving the reliability and sensibility of fault component identification of wide area backup protection. The algorithm, called earth impedance comparison protection (EICP), is realized by comparing the ratios of different nodes, and the ratio is obtained by the bus voltage to the differential current. The advantages of EICP are verified in this paper using the measurement function of wide-area measurement system. The results of case studies show that EICP is superior to the current differential protection in terms of the sensitivity and to the directional pilot protection in terms of the dependability. The satisfactory results can be obtained when the EICP method is applied in the event of abnormal operations of protective relays and circuit breakers, measurement error scenarios or substation DC failure.


Graft‐vs‐host disease (GVHD) is the most common complication following hematopoietic cell transplantation, which affects skin frequently. Acute and chronic forms of GVHD manifest commonly as maculopapular to morbilliform eruptions and sclerotic or lichen‐planus‐like lesions, respectively; however, atypical presentations such as eczema‐like GVHD may occur at times. We describe three cases of GVHD with diverse and polymorphous cutaneous eruptions including pompholyx‐like and vasculitis‐like rash as well as erythematous plaques and papulosquamous eruptions, with skin biopsy showing unifying histopathological findings with concurrent changes of spongiotic dermatitis and vacuolar interface reaction with apoptotic keratinocytes. In addition, the clinical and pathological features of previously reported cases of eczema‐like GVHD are reviewed. It is emphasized that the course of the disease can be variable and successful management often involves a combination of multiple therapeutic modalities including immunosuppression with or without ultraviolet therapy. These cases highlight the importance of meticulous clinicopathological correlation with careful exclusion of mimicking conditions to arrive at the correct diagnosis.


Sustained perturbations are of interest in environmental biotechnology as they can lead systems to alternative stable states that may not be reversible. Studies assessing these concerns are scarce as robust replication is required. Here, we tested the effect of sustained organic loading variations (food-to-biomass ratio, F:M; carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, C:N) on both structure and function of activated sludge bacterial communities, focusing on nitrification and nitrifiers. Two sets of replicate 5-liter sequencing batch reactors were operated at two different, low (n = 4) and high (n = 3), F:M (0.19 and 0.36 mg COD/mg TSS/d) and C:N (3.5 and 6.3 mg COD/mg TKN) conditions for a period of 74 days, following 53 days of sludge acclimation at low F:M and C:N (henceforth referred to as F:M-C:N). The inoculum was taken from a full-scale treatment plant. Resilience was tested during the last 14 days by operating all seven reactors at low F:M-C:N. Samples were analyzed using metagenomics,


Summary The same uterus may react to one semen by contraction; to another by relaxation. The same semen may contract one uterus and relax another. From this we may draw the tentative conclusions that certain types of sterility are sometimes due to the female, sometimes to the male. A study of the history of the patients from whom uterine strips were obtained throws an interesting light on our experiments. The uteri from the patients who give a history of successful pregnancy responded to fresh semen by relaxation, while uteri from women who gave a history of complete or long-standing sterility were always stimulated by semen. A tentative deduction is permissible : Uteri are of 2 kinds, receptive and rejective; semina are also of 2 kinds, stimulant and depressant. A large series of carefully selected cases will be studied, with the purpose of criticising these deductions. We wish to thank Professor Benjamin P. Watson for putting at our disposal the large clnical facilities of the Sloane Hospital and Vanderbilt Clinic.


"We hear so many stories of women whose lives have been saved because of our technology, and when you hear those stories on how impactful your work was on a woman and her family, it makes all the hard work and long hours worth it." IB&M major Jillian Marini '17 describes what it's like to create marketing materials centering on women's health and breast cancer.


Numerical simulation is used to explore the behavior of concrete beams of different sizes and different notch lengths, loaded in three-point bending. The entire range of notch depth is studied. One limit case is type 1 fracture, which occurs when the notch depth is zero and the crack initiates from a smooth surface (this is the case of the modulus of rupture test). Another limit is type 2 fracture, which occurs for deep enough notches. Both cases exhibit very different size effects. The fracture is simulated numerically with a robust mesolevel lattice-particle model. The results shed light on the transitional behavior in which the notch depth is non-zero but not deep enough for developing the the type 2 size effect dominated by energy release from the structure. In agreement with experimental observations and theoretical predictions, the numerical results show evidence of a decreasing macroscopic fracture energy as the ligament gets very short.


This article proposes a model for a critical social-constructivist (CS-C) approach to the use of computer-mediated communication (CMC) in language/culture education. CS-C theories emphasize a critical approach to social interactions, interpersonal relations, communication, and the influence that these activities have on learning. I will use the model to explore the extent to which CS-C approaches, especially in relation to the principles of connectivism, impact postsecondary language and culture education and its effects on identities within the constraints of a CMC institutional setting. Readers will participate in an exploration of new ways of thinking, learning, and teaching that emerge from the ecology of second language and culture classrooms integrated with CMC. There I have found the life experiences of learners and my own experiences as a teacher to be highly relevant to the learning processes at hand. I develop these explorations using global qualitative discourse-based analyses of selections from learner data produced in asynchronous CMC contexts over the course of 3 years. My focus is on the learning of culture rather than on second language acquisition in a narrow sense. Language learning and even language attrition are thematized in the learning ecologies that are my focus. This study does not, however, make any claims about language acquisition that are not mentioned in learners' own reflections. The data include written conversations produced in both English (often as the second language of the participants) and German (most often as a foreign language for the participants) using various platforms for asynchronous CMC interactions.


We encountered a very rare case of cardiac failure in which serum-negligible LDH activity was detected. The patient was a 58-year-old male with a history of myocardial infarction. In this case, LDH was bound to the lambda type of immunoglobulin G; and the activity of both subunit's of LDH, i. e., LDH-H (B) and LDH-M (A), were suppressed. As we reported formerly, this suppression of LDH activity is considered to be attributable to the binding of immunoglobulin G. In our previous study, we analyzed the structure of the suger chain of the binding immunoglobulin G (IgG) after treatment with various enzymes, and found that the binding capacity of the IgG in the patient's serum to LDH isozymes was changed by treatment with neuraminidase. In the present study, we removed the sialic acid residue from the IgG in the patient's serum by means of neuraminidase digestion, and thereafter attempted to ligate the resultant asialo-immunoglobulin G to LDH isozymes from normal volunteers in order to clarify the mechanism of the suppression of LDH isozymes. We found that the antigenicity of the IgG in the patient's serum was reduced by removing its sialic acid residue. These findings demonstrate that the sialic acid residue of the sugar chain of the IgG in the patient's serum was directly associated with the suppression of LDH activity by the enzyme-binding immunoglobulin observed in this case of cardiac failure with a history of myocardial infarction.


LBL-11661 Pre print LAWRENCE <!.KELEY LABORATORY DEC 11 LIBRARY AND SECT Submitted to Physical Review Letters j W.~i~~e EVIDENCE FOR PHOTODISSOCIATION OF WATER VAPOR:, LllJ'Yi:¢JRATORY SrTi0 3(111) SURFACES IN A HIGH VACUUM ENVIRONMENT. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE RATE OF HYDROGEN EVOLUiJO~ ANB THE SURFACE CONCENTRATION OF Ti 3 + SPECIES. S. Ferrer and G. A. Somorjai August 1980 TWO-WEEK LOAN COPY This is a Library Circulating Copy . h may be borrowed for two weeks. w h IC II For a personal retention copy, ca Tech. Info. Division, Ext. 6782. Prepared for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract W-7405-ENG-48


With the development of windows CE platform, it applies more widely to industry control set, handset, intelligent phone etc. To COM technology, it is used to Windows program more and more widely for its special irrespective language and transparent process performance. For the both character upside, a COM module in the project is created to apply to the serial communication of PDA.


By an application filed on 29 March 1994, Cameroon instituted proceedings against Nigeria, relying on the declarations under Article 36(2) of the Statute of the Court, made by both states without reservations. The dispute, according to the Application, related "essentially to the question of sovereignty over the Bakassi Peninsula", where, "since the end of 1993", the Nigerian troops were "occupying several Cameroonian localities". Cameroon also requested the Court "to determine the course of the maritime boundary between the two states beyond the line fixed in 1975". In an 'Additional Application', filed on 6 June 1994, Cameroon extended the subject of the dispute "essentially to the question of sovereignty over a part of the territory of Cameroon in the area of Lake Chad", which had become the object of "the official […] claim […] by […] Nigeria quite recently, for the first time"; and also requested the Court "to specify definitely" the whole frontier line from Lake Chad to the sea, and to examine the two Applications as a single case. In its counter-memorial, filed within the prescribed time-limit (18 December 1995), Nigeria raised objections to the jurisdiction of the Court and the admissibility of the Cameroonian claims, whereupon the proceedings on the merits were suspended and the President of the Court fixed 15 May 1996 as the time-limit within which Cameroon might present its observations on the Nigerian objections.


AIMS
Little is known about the incidence of paroxysmal atrial tachycardias (PAT) in patients with heart failure (HF). The availability of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) devices with extended diagnostics for AT enables continuous monitoring of PAT episodes. The aim of the study was to assess the incidence over time of PAT in HF patients treated with CRT.

METHODS AND RESULTS
Consecutive patients in NYHA functional class III or IV despite optimal drug therapy, QRS duration > or = 130 ms, left ventricular ejection fraction < or = 35%, and left ventricular end-diastolic dimension > or = 55 mm were eligible for enrolment. Patients with permanent or persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) were not included in the study. The first follow-up examination was performed 2 weeks after implantation, to optimize atrial sensing and CRT. Subsequent follow-up examinations were carried out 15 and 28 weeks after implantation, to collect the telemetric data. A total of 173 patients (67 +/- 11 years, M 116) were enrolled. Complete arrhythmia monitoring data were available from 120 patients over a mean follow-up of 183 +/- 23 days. Atrial tachycardia episodes were detected through telemetry in 25 of 120 patients (21%) during at least one follow-up examination. Atrial tachycardia episodes were recorded in 29 and 17% (P = NS) of patients with and without previous history of AF, respectively.

CONCLUSION
More than 20% of the overall HF patient population treated with CRT suffer PAT episodes. Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia may interfere with response to CRT. Therefore, telemetric data may be relevant to drive the appropriate therapy in each patient.


Along with such Viennese contemporaries as Freud, Loos, Mach, Wittgenstein and Kokoshka, Arnold Schoenberg is one of the supremely compelling figures of history. Most commonly known as the originator of the compositional technique of ultimate chromaticism - the method of composing with 12 tones - he left an imposing body of prose in support of his conclusion that tonality is an expendable musical property, and that music's evolutionary path through Franz Liszt and Richard Wagner had unerringly and inevitably led to the "emancipation of dissonance". This text examines the composer's explanations of musical structure and finds them driven by self-serving interpretations of 19th century ideas, from Nietzche's notion of the artist's cosmic supremacy to Darwin's explanation of biological evolution. This examination further reveals that Schoenberg's perspective was rooted in a severely limited musical repertory (essentially Germanic), virtual ignorance of crucial theoretical abstractions (such as modal theories) and an over-optimistic conception of the integrative powers of human perception.


Higher plants have evolved a well-conserved set of photoprotective mechanisms, collectively designated Non-Photochemical Quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence (qN), to deal with the inhibitory absorption of excess light energy by the photosystems. Their main contribution originates from safe thermal deactivation of excited states promoted by a highly-energized thylakoid membrane, detected via lumen acidification. The precise origins of this energyor LlpH-dependent quenching (qE), arising from either decreased energy transfer efficiency in PSII antennae (~ Young & Frank, 1996; Gilmore & Yamamoto, 1992; Ruban et aI., 1992), from alternative electron transfer pathways in PSII reaction centres (~ Schreiber & Neubauer, 1990; Thompson & Brudvig, 1988; Klimov et aI., 1977), or from both (Wagner et aI., 1996; Walters & Horton, 1993), are a source of considerable controversy. In this study, the origins of qE were investigated in spinach thylakoids using a combination of fluorescence spectroscopic techniques: Pulse Amplitude Modulated (PAM) fluorimetry, pump-probe fluorimetry for the measurement of PSII absorption crosssections, and picosecond fluorescence decay curves fit to a kinetic model for PSII. Quenching by qE (,..,600/0 of maximal fluorescence, Fm) was light-induced in circulating samples and the resulting pH gradient maintained during a dark delay by the lumenacidifying capabilities of thylakoid membrane H+ ATPases. Results for qE were compared to those for the addition of a known antenna quencher, 5-hydroxy-1,4naphthoquinone (5-0H-NQ), titrated to achieve the same degree of Fm quenching as for qE. Quenching of the minimal fluorescence yield, F0' was clear (8 to 130/0) during formation of qE, indicative of classical antenna quenching (Butler, 1984), although the degree was significantly less than that achieved by addition of 5-0H-NQ. Although qE induction resulted in an overall increase in absorption cross-section, unlike the decrease expected for antenna quenchers like the quinone, a larger increase in crosssection was observed when qE induction was attempted in thylakoids with collapsed pH gradients (uncoupled by nigericin), in the absence of xanthophyll cycle operation (inhibited by DTT), or in the absence of quenching (LlpH not maintained in the dark due to omission of ATP). Fluorescence decay curves exhibited a similar disparity between qE-quenched and 5-0H-NQ-quenched thylakoids, although both sets 5


Zinc dichromate trihydrate (ZnCr2O7·3H2O) is an efficient reagent for the immediate deprotection of aromatic and aliphatic silyl and pyranyl ethers into their corresponding carbonyl compounds in high yields at room temperature under solvent-free conditions.


Neurofilament medium polypeptide (916 aa, ~102 kDa) is encoded by the human NEFM gene. This protein is involved in the regulation of neuronal process structure.


The study was designed to evaluate CD4 + T-cells count in subjects with HIV-malaria co-infe ction in Nnewi, South Eastern Nigeria and to assess the effe cts any changes in CD4 + counts has on the prevalence and or severity of both illness. Two hundred and eighty -five participants aged between 16 and 72 years wer e recruited for the study and grouped as symptomatic HIV subjects, asymptomatic HIV subjects, HIV/AIDS subjects on ART (Antiretroviral Therapy) and HIV-ser onegative subjects. HIV and malaria parasite screen ing, CD4 T-cell count and parasite density were determined using standard laboratory methods. The result showe d that the prevalence of malaria infection was 75% in symptomatic HIV, 46.7% in asymptomatic HIV and 59. 6% in HIV/AIDS subjects on ART respectively as opposed to 26.9% observed in the control (P<0.001). The CD4 + T-cell count was significantly lower in both sympto matic and asymptomatic HIV-malaria infected subject s when compared with the malaria-infected control sub jects (238 ± 176, 312 ± 144, P<0.01) respectively. CD4T-cells count was also significantly lower in malar ia-infected HIV/AIDS on ART when compared to the malaria-infected control subjects (315 ± 195, P<0.0 1). The study concludes that malaria prevalence is increased in subjects with HIV/malaria co-infection and is ac companied by a significant reduction in CD4 T-cell counts, which might worsen the severity and prognosis in th ese subjects. Other public health implications are discussed. © 2010 International Formulae Group. All rights res erved. Keyword: CD4+ T Cells, Prevalence, HIV, AIDS, Malaria. INTRODUCTION Malaria and HIV are leading causes of morbidity and mortality particularly in subSaharan Africa. Both diseases are highly endemic and have a wide geographical over lap. The National Centre for Infectious N.R. UKIBE et al. / Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 4(5): 15 93-1601, 201


Having problems with your intellectual property. Need quick and reliable advice, cheap ask a solicitor on line for advice. Ask a question get an answer in minutes


abstract:Philosophy combined with rhetoric offers a consolation in a time of crisis that politics cannot achieve. Political speech is guided by ideology. Philosophical speech is guided by ideas. It is the ideas that offer perspective that is so much needed in difficult and dangerous times.


Rochester, NY, May 7-11, 2006. Abstract This paper describes the design and performance of a new APS-sized CCD image sensor using an advanced 6.8 μm pixel. The pixels are arranged in a 3970 (H) × 2646 (V) format to support a 3:2 aspect ratio. Unique to this pixel is the implementation of an under-the-field oxide (UFOX) lateral overflow drain (LOD) and thin light-shield technology that provides higher charge capacity, higher quantum efficiency, and wider incident angle response. Each pixel contains a microlens to improve sensitivity and a dual-split HCCD shift register with high sensitivity amplifiers, which are used to increase frame rate while lowering noise.


Rotors have been related to atrial fibrillation (AF) maintenance. We analyzed the behavior of rotors in persistent AF (persAF) utilizing a novel non-contact methodology and compared this to real time dominant frequency (DF) analysis. 2048 noncontact virtual unipolar atrial electrograms (VEGMs) were collected simultaneously (EnSite Array, St. Jude Medical) from 10 persAF patients (duration: 34 ± 25 months) undergoing left atrial (LA) ablation. After QRST-removal, FFT was used to identify the global DF of the LA (range 4–10 Hz; 1 s time-window; 50 % overlap; highest DF (HDF) (DF −0.25 Hz); up to 20 s/patient). The organization index (OI) was measured and phase was found via Hilbert-transform. Phase singularities (PSs) were tracked and were categorized according to their lifespan into short (lifespan <100 ms) and long lived (rotors) (lifespan >100 ms). A total of 4578 PSs were tracked. 5.05 % (IQR: 2.75 ∼ 30.25 %) of the tracked PSs were long-lived and were observed in 11 % (IQR: 2.75 ∼ 17.5 %) of the windows. The windows with rotors showed significantly higher HDF (mean ± SD, 8.0 ± 0.43 Hz vs 7.71 ± 0.50 Hz, p< 0.0001) and lower OI (0.76 ± 0.04 vs 0.79 ± 0.03, p< 0.0001) when compared with the short-lived PSs windows. During persAF, the LA showed distinct behaviors as characterized by rotors. Often, no rotors were observed during sustained AF and, when present, the rotors continually switched between organized and disorganized behaviors. Long-lived rotors correlated with higher atrial rates. Our results suggest that rotors are not the sole perpetuating mechanism in persAF.


The decay of the 4d core hole in the rare-earth metal thulium, following resonant absorption into the 4f level, has been monitored by photoelectron spectroscopy and compared with calculations predicting the 4f and 5p electron distribution curves. The Tm, deposited on a cooled Ag surface to stabilize both trivalent and divalent states, shows three strong peaks in the total electron yield spectrum. The first absorption peak ${(}^{3}$${\mathit{H}}_{6}$) results in a resonant enhancement of predominantly the 5s and 5p emission, together with an increase in the trivalent 4f emission. The weaker absorption peak ${(}^{3}$${\mathit{H}}_{5}$) leads to a relatively small increase in the emission through the trivalent 4f state. The last absorption peak ${(}^{3}$${\mathit{G}}_{5}$) shows a strong enhancement of two specific channels, at higher binding energy, within the trivalent 4f emission. The divalent 4f emission is only enhanced near the $^{3}$${\mathit{H}}_{6}$ resonance.


Effects of Mannitol and Dopamine on Renal Function in Coronary Artery Bypass SurgeryObjective: To compare the effects of dopamine and mannitol which are used to reduce the negative effects of long-term cardio-pulmonary bypass (CPB) on kidney function in according to manner of administration and by the time. Material and Methods: Group 1 (n = 25 patients): Mannitol (M) 1 g kg was added to a priming solution of CPB. Group 2 (n = 25 patients): Dopamine infusion (D) (2 mg kg min IV) was used from induction of anesthesia until end of the operation. Group 3 (n = 25 patients): D (2 mg kg min IV) was used from induction of anesthesia until end of the operation and M 1 g kg in the priming solution of CPB. Group 4 (n = 25 patients) (Control Group): Furosemide was performed in case of a decrease of urine. The values of serum urea, creatinine, albumin, urine microalbumin, urine creatinine, serum cystatin-C were compared to preop and postop periods.Results: Postop Cystatin C levels in Group I, II, III were observed a significant rise. The levels of Microalbumin / creatinine ratio in urine in all the groups at postop were seen advanced statistical significant (p <0.01). Conclusion: To determine kidney damage we have observed that microalbumin / creatinine ratio in urine compared to the Cystatin C level is to be a more sensitive parameter. We think that the use of D (2 µg kgmin ) combined with M (1 g kg) added during CPB is more effective in terms of preventing adverse effects of CPB on renal function.


The effects of pressure,temperature,and time of different supercritical CO2 fluid treatments on permeability of Chinese fir,masson's pine and Chinese sassafras were studied with benzne-ethanol as entrainment agent.The results indicated that the permeability of chinese fir,masson's pine and Chinese sassafras increased when treatment pressure increased under 35 MPa;the permeability change rate of chinese fir increased to 493%,the highest at treatment temperature of 40℃,and the permeability change rate of masson's pine,and Chinese sassafras increased to 479% and 349%,the highest;the proper treatment time was 30 min.


Survey and ethnographic data were used to determine factors which contributed to small family size among the residents of the Island of Panelleria and to determine the factors which contributed to family size variation. The mean family size for 122 women over 40 years of age was 2.43 and for the total sample of 166 households the mean was 2.33. The tendency toward small family size was interpreted from a cultural ecological framework in which cultural behavior was assumed to have adaptive value and to be the result of historical economic and environmental pressures. Most of the residents of the Island were small grape farmers and worked perpetually leased lands. The inheritance system apportioned the leased landholdings equally between children. If a family had only 1 children each child inherited 1/2 of the farm. When the offspring married his or her spouse also inherited 1/2 of a farm from his or her parents. Thus the newly created unit was equal in size to the lands farmed by the families in the previous generation. Small family size was interpreted as an adaptive mechanism which prevented landholdings from decreasing in size over the years. The holdings were of course scattered about the Island but this too had adaptive value. The grape crops in different areas matured at varying times and thus the work load was distributed over a longer period of time. Poor weather and disease were unlikely to affect all the ecological zones at one time and this insured that the farmer was always able to harvest at least some of his fields. Micro-economic multivariate analysis was used to explain the variation in family size. The data was analyzed from several perspectives including 1) household production; 2) preference for prestige; 3) investment; and 4) age at marriage for men and women. The findings tended to support the household and investment perspective. Fathers age at marriage was negatively related to family size and deferred marriage was apparently a mechanism used to insure small family size. Infant mortality as a factor in family size variation was considered irrelevant as the society had gone through demographic transition sometime in the past. In conclusion the small family size preference developed gradually after the present land system was instituted. Curltural values in support of small family size also emerged. A man who had more than 2 or 3 children was subject to gossip and ridicule. Men were expected to control fertility through abstinence and coitus interruptus. Tables show 1) distribution of women by birth cohort and by family size and 2) correlation coefficients between economic and cultural variable. Graphs depict 1) birth and death rates for each decade from 1881-1971; 2) age-sex distribution of the population; and 3) population size from 1757-1971.


The secondary development of UG is introduced to accomplished blade surface contour error analyse syetem with a good master of it and amalgamation of UG/Open MenuScript、UG/Open UIStyler、UG/Open API and Visual C~(++)(6.0).This thesis paves the way for improving efficiency of measuring and machining precision of the blade.


Abstract Background: End-stage renal failure (ESRF) and dialysis have been identified as a risk factor for lower limb amputations (LLAs). High rate of ESRF amongst the Australian population has been reported, however till date no study has been published identifying magnitude and risk factors of LLA in subjects on renal dialysis. Objective: The study aims to document trends in the prevalence and identify risk factors of non-traumatic LLA in Australian patients on dialysis. Methods: A retrospective review of all patients (218) who attended the regional dialysis center between 1st January 2009 and 31st December 2013 was conducted. Demographic, clinical and biochemical data were analyzed. Results: We identified a high prevalence of 13.3% of LLAs amongst Australian patients with ESRF on dialysis at our center. The associated risk factors were the presence of diabetes (OR 1.67 [1.49–1.88] p < 0.001), history of foot ulceration (OR 81 [18.20–360.48] p < 0.001), peripheral arterial disease (OR 31.29 [9.02–108.56] p < 0.001), peripheral neuropathy (OR 31.29 [9.02–108.56] p < 0.001), foot deformity (OR 23.62 [5.82–95.93] p < 0.001), retinopathy (OR 6.08 [2.64–14.02] p < 0.001), dyslipidemia (OR 4.6 [1.05–20.05] p= 0.049) and indigenous background (OR 3.39 [1.38–8.33] p= 0.01). 75% of the amputees had aboriginal heritage. We also identified higher HbA1c and CRP levels as well as low serum albumin, hemoglobin and vitamin D levels to have a strong association with LLAs (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There is high prevalence of LLAs amongst Australian indigenous patients with diabetes on dialysis in North Queensland. Other strongly associated risk factors include history of foot ulceration, foot deformity and peripheral neuropathy as well as high HbA1c levels and low serum albumin levels.


Several designs of Geiger-Mueller tubes and their applications in radiation detection instruments are discussed. Drawings of nine tube designs are shown and their applications listed. Performance curves fur several tubes are shown. (A.C.)


The paper considers the origins of a Committee established by the Glasgow Archaeological Society in March 1891 to oversee an investigation of the Antonine Wall; the backgrounds and interrelationships of those involved; the methodologies and protocols adopted; the sequence in which the trenches were opened up; the slow progress to publication in 1899 of the written record, The Antonine Wall Report; and the significance of the work in the history of Scottish archaeology. Extensive use is made of the Minutes and Annual Reports of the Glasgow Archaeological Society, articles in the press and other contemporary documents. Hitherto unpublished site-drawings by the draughtsman Mungo Buchanan of Falkirk add to our knowledge of these events.


Summary It is paramount to assess the psychometric properties of self-assessment tools in order to check the tests' reliability and validity, also to enable proper outcome interpretation. Aim to check the psychometric properties of the IOI-HA (International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids) in its Portuguese version, called QI-AASI (International Questionnaire - Individual Sound Amplification Device), in terms of internal uniformity, correlation between the items and reproducibility. Study design: descriptive, observational and cross-sectional. Materials and Methods the questionnaire was deployed to 53 hearing aid users, 34 females and 19 males, with ages between 19 and 92 years - from incomplete basic education to complete higher education, encompassing subjects with monoaural and binaural sound amplification. Results the QI-AASI had a Cronbach Alpha of 0.69. In the correlation among the items, there were numerous significant correlations. The instrument was properly reproducible, except for item # 6, which presented a significant difference in comparing test and the retest. Conclusions the QI-AASI is suggested in the rehabilitation process of users of hearing aides; nonetheless, the questionnaire can be difficult for subjects with low social and economic status when self-employed.


An improved data anomaly detection method SA-iForest is proposed to solve the problem of low accuracy, poor execution efficiency and generalization ability of data anomalies detection algorithm based on isolated forest. Based on the idea of selective integration, the precision and the difference value are taken as the criterion, and the simulated annealing algorithm is used to select the isolation tree with high abnormality detection and differentity to optimize the forest. At the same time, the excess detection precision is small and the difference is small Isolation tree improves the forest construction process of isolated forests, which improves the efficiency of the algorithm and improves the efficiency of the algorithm. The method of data anomaly detection based on SA-iForest is compared with the traditional Isolation Forest algorithm and LOF algorithm, and the accuracy and efficiency of the data are verified by the standard simulation data set. There is a significant improvement.


Measurements of the extended fine structure in the photoemission intensity from the S(1s) core level were performed for a c(2 x 2) overlayer of S on Ni(011). Four experimental geometries were employed, making this the most complete angle-resolved-photoemission extended-fine-structure (ARPEFS) study to date. Surface structural information was extracted from the ARPEFS using a combination of Fourier-transform techniques and comparisons to multiple-scattering calculations. The results of this analysis are in excellent agreement with previous studies of this system indicating that S adsorbs in a rectangular hollow site 2.20 +- 0.02 A above a second-layer Ni atom. We further present evidence for a buckling of the second Ni layer, giving an expansion in the separation between the first Ni layer and the second-layer Ni atoms covered by S atoms of 11% from the bulk value, while second-layer Ni atoms not covered in the c(2 x 2) structure assume essentially bulk positions. We also examine in detail the effects of multiple scattering on the extraction of this structural information from ARPEFS and present results for surfaces with S coverages greater than 1/2 monolayer.


Precipitation on Svalbard can generally be linked to the atmospheric circulation in the Northern Atlantic. Using an automated circulation type classification, we show that weather type statistics are well represented in the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model at base resolution (MPI-ESM-LR). For a future climate projection following the Representative Concentration Pathway scenario RCP8.5, we find only small changes in the statistics. However, convection permitting simulations with the regional climate model from the Consortium for Small-scale Modeling in climate mode (COSMO-CLM) covering Svalbard at 2.5 km demonstrate an increase in precipitation for all seasons. About 74% of the increase are coming from changes under cyclonic weather situations. The precipitation changes are strongly related to differences in atmospheric conditions, while the contribution from the frequencies of weather types is small. Observations on Svalbard suggest that the general weather situation favouring heavy precipitation events is a strong south-southwesterly flow with advection of water vapour from warmer areas. This is reproduced by the COSMO-CLM simulations. In the future projections, the maximum daily precipitation amounts are further increasing. At the same time, weather types with less moisture advection towards Svalbard are becoming more important.


A chemical hydrogen–fluorine (H2/F2) laser was operated for the first time by transverse initiation with incoherent radiation from a pulsed electric-discharge excimer lamp with XeCl, XeF, and KrF molecules. This laser operated only when superradiance of the excimer mixtures was suppressed. Estimates indicated that the technical efficiency of the excimer lamp was 5%, which was 10 times higher than the efficiency of an excimer laser which was used to construct it. A study was made of feasibility of constructing a system in which excimer molecules and vibrationally excited HF molecules would form in the same region in space.


In the paper,problems and potentialities of land use in urban and rural areas in Jiangxi province were analyzed.Then some corresponding measures were put forward.


The mass media is conventionally assumed to play an important role in welfare state politics. So far, however, we have very little systematic theorizing or empirical evidence of when and how the mass media reports on welfare state reforms. Building on news value theory and the welfare state reform literature, we develop a set of hypotheses about mass media reporting on welfare state reforms. We argue that mass media attention is conditioned not only by the direction of reforms, with cuts getting more attention than expansions, but also by the election platform that the incumbent party ran on in the last election as well as by the policy reputation of the government. Drawing on a new dataset including about 4,800 news articles in British, Danish, and German quality newspapers from 1995–2014, we find supporting empirical evidence of our expectations.


Soda-lime-silicate glasses in the compositions of (65-x)SiO2-25Na2O-10CaO-xHo2O3 (where x = 0.0, 0.50, 1.00, 1.50, 2.00 and 2.50 mol % ) were prepared by melt-quenching technique and characterized. The results show that, the absorption spectra of Ho3+ doped in soda-lime-silicate glass correspond with several bands, which are assigned from the ground state, 5I8 to 3H6 (360 nm), 5G4 (380 nm), 5G5 (417 nm), 5G6 (453 nm), 5F3 (479 nm), 5F4 (538 nm), 5F5 (639 nm), and 5I5 (880 nm). The refractive index and density of glasses were increase with increasing of Ho2O3 concentration. The color of glass samples is light amber with doped Ho2O3 in glass matrix.


High safety, can be large current charge and discharge, and also provides a long life lithium ion secondary battery positive electrode material. Lithium-containing phosphate particles have (i) a fibrous carbon material, (ii) chain carbon material, and (iii) a fibrous carbon material and the chain carbon material is at least one selected from the group consisting of a carbon material that is formed by connecting together a carbon material composite particles composed of the carbon film is coated with a containing. That the fibrous carbon material is carbon nanotubes of 5 ~ 200nm average fiber diameter is preferred. That the chain carbon material is carbon black primary particles having an average particle size of 10 ~ 100nm is formed as a linear combination is preferred. Is a lithium-containing phosphate


Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 1100~1800nm near infrared light on the treatment of facial and neck skin laxity.Methods Twenty-seven patients with facial and neck skin laxity were treated with the Titan.Three treatment sessions spaced 4 weeks apart were performed.Clinical improvement was assessed by two doctors and the patient after treatment according to photographic documentation.Results Twenty-seven patients were evaluated.Doctor's assessments of photographs before and 3 months after treatment showed: 10% reported no improvement,25% reported mild improvement,27% reported moderate improvement,and 38% reported good improvement.Doctor's assessments of photographs before and 6 months after treatment showed: 12% reported mild improvement,34% reported moderate improvement,and 54% reported good improvement.The treatments were associated with minimal pain and edema.Conclusion 1100~1800nm near infrared light Titan laser is effective and safe in the treatment of facial and neck skin laxity.without downtime almost,thereby Titan laser providing the patients with facial and neck skin laxity an additional new therapeutic option.


League and club officials in different Australian professional team sports have initiated a variety of labour market controls that have restricted the economic freedom and income-earning potential of players. Since before the First World War, different generations of players in a variety of sports have attempted to use collective action to respond to these and other employment problems. Most of these attempts were abortive or shortlived. It is only in the 1990s that Australian player associations have experienced the successes usually afforded to unionism. This paper examines the historical and contemporary record of player associa tions in Australian team sports. It begins with an examination of the various labour market rules that have governed the employment of players. This is followed by an analysis of problems of organizational effectiveness that have traditionally dogged the operation of player associations. The next section focuses on developments in the 1990s. With the exception of rugby league and baseballers, player associations have solved organizational problems of the past, and have possessed leaders able to develop a bargaining relationship with their respective leagues and clubs. 1


Key Points Question What is the association of COVID-19 vaccine efficacy and coverage scenarios with and without nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) with SARS-CoV-2 infections, hospitalizations, and deaths? Findings A decision analytical model of North Carolina found that removing NPIs while vaccines were distributed resulted in substantial increases in infections, hospitalizations, and deaths. Furthermore, as NPIs were removed, higher vaccination coverage with less efficacious vaccines contributed to a larger reduction in risk of infection compared with more efficacious vaccines at lower coverage. Meaning These findings highlight the need for high COVID-19 vaccine coverage and continued adherence to NPIs before safely resuming many prepandemic activities.


The design, construction, and testing of a laser scanning system is described. The scanner was designed to deliver a scanned beam over a 2.54 cm by 2.54 cm or a 5.08 cm by 5.08 cm format. In order to achieve a scan resolution and rate comparable to that of standard television, an acousto-optic deflector was used for one axis of the scan, and a light deflecting galvanometer for deflection along the other axis. The acoustic optic deflector has the capability of random access scan controlled by a digital computer.


Crystal detectors have been used widely in high energy and nuclear physics experiments, medical instruments and homeland security applications. Novel crystal detectors are continuously being discovered and developed in academia and in industry. In high energy and nuclear physics experiments, total absorption electromagnetic calorimeters (ECAL) made of inorganic crystals are known for their superb energy resolution and detection efficiency for photon and electron measurements. A crystal ECAL is thus the choice for those experiments where precision measurements of photons and electrons are crucial for their physics missions. For future HEP experiments at the energy and intensity frontiers, however, the crystal detectors used in the above mentioned ECALs are either not bright and fast enough, or not radiation hard enough. Crystal detectors have also been proposed to build a Homogeneous Hadron Calorimeter (HHCAL) to achieve unprecedented jet mass resolution by duel readout of both Cherenkov and scintillation light, where development of cost-effective crystal detectors is a crucial issue because of the huge crystal volume required. This paper discusses several R&D directions for the next generation of crystal detectors for future HEP experiments.


Special characteristics of cloud computing have enhanced its rate of adoption for small medium-sized enterprises. Its associated economic model allow for small actors to become more visible, and enable them to collaborate and integrate their solutions for competing with big players on the IT market. As means of exploiting these opportunities, there is a necessity for adopting of solutions which enhance the efficacy of in the cloud activities - cloud management -and allow the migration of business and operational aspects altogether - cloud governance -while integrating services in order to build complex, targeted, solutions for their customers' needs.


All-inorganic Pb-free bismuth (Bi) halogen perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) with distinct structural and photoelectric properties provide plenty of room for selective photoreduction of CO2. However, the efficient conversion of CO2-to-CO with high selectivity on Bi-based PQDs driven by solar light remains unachieved, and the precise reaction path/mechanism promoted by the surface halogen-associated active sites is still poorly understood. Herein, we screen a series of non-toxic and stable Cs3Bi2X9 (X=Cl, Br, I) PQDs for selective photocatalytic reduction of CO2-to-CO at the gas-solid interface. Among all the reported pure-phase PQDs, the as-synthesized Cs3Bi2Br9 PQDs exhibited the highest CO2-to-CO conversion efficiency generating 134.76 µmol g-1 of CO yield with 98.7% selectivity under AM 1.5G simulated solar illumination. The surface halogen-associated active sites and reaction intermediates were dynamically monitored and precisely unraveled based on in situ DRIFTS investigation. In combination with the DFT calculation, it was revealed that the surface Br sites allow for optimizing the coordination modes of surface-bound intermediate species and reducing the reaction energy of rate-limiting step of COOH- intermediate formation from CO2-. This work presents a mechanistic insight into the halogen-involved catalytic reaction mechanism in solar fuel production.


Intelligent clinical use of any drug requires an understanding of general pharmacologic principles. Such concepts in anticonvulsant therapy are reviewed here. Every drug has desired actions (efficacy) and unwanted actions (toxicity). The aim of all drug treatment is to maximize efficacy and minimize toxicity. In the treatment of seizure disorders it should be emphasized that seizures are usually an intermittent occurrence, whereas toxicity, when present, is a constant factor. For this reason considerable attention will be paid to the toxicity of individual anticonvulsants. After oral administration of a drug, the first process to occur is absorption into the systemic circulation. A drug must be in solution to move across a membrane. Drugs usually diffuse passively across membranes, but in some instances transport rate is increased by facilitated and/or active transport. The principal factor determining the rate of transport with passive diffusion is concentration on either side of the membrane. Molecular size, lipid solubility, and pH are also important factors influencing rate of movement. Most anticonvulsants are of low molecular weight, have relatively high lipid solubility, are weak acids or bases, and are poorly water soluble. Thus, most anticonvulsants will be nonionized at physiological pH and, if in solution, will be able to move readily across membranes. Therefore, solubility is a major factor in absorption of anticonvulsants. This is of practical importance in considering the use of generic rather than brand-name drugs, in which incipient factors may influence solubility and hence rate and extent of absorption. Factors which reduce solubility, such as extended release preparations,. may result in a drug moving through the upper small intestine where solubility is most favorable, with the result that significant amounts of the drug are excreted without reaching systemic circulation. Movement of drugs across membranes is usually characterized by one of two rates. (a) First-order kinetics describe a process in which apercentage of the drug present on one side of the membrane moves across the membrane per unit of time. (b) Zero-order kinetics describe a process in which a fixed amount of the drug present on one side of the membrane moves across the membrane per unit of time. In the case of first-order kinetics, the amount of drug absorbed (or excreted) depends on the concentrations of the drug at the membrane. In the case of zero-order kinetics, the amount of drug absorbed (or excreted) is independent of drug concentration at the membrane. Route of administration obviously alters the time required for a drug to reach its site of action. Intravenous administration bypasses all the steps involved in absorp-


This article first analyzes the concept and content of knowledge management,then elaborates on the necessity of implementing knowledge management in reference and consultation service.After the case study of Mckinsey Company,the author points out that it is of significance to introduce knowledge management into libraries' reference and consultation service,to construct a knowledge base for reference and consultation,and to supervise consultation service properly.


We study the radar signature of a new type of wind turbine, named the Wind Lens. This design includes a flanged shroud around the turbine which concentrates the wind flow past the turbine blades and hence improves the efficiency. The design also offers improved safety, and reduces acoustic noise. Furthermore, it may offer a significantly lower radar signature, which may make the design much more attractive for use in situations where conventional wind turbine designs may disturb the operation of radars. We present the results of an experimental trial, carried out in the UK, to measure the Radar Cross Section (RCS) of a 5 kW Wind Lens turbine prototype and we provide a reference database that can be used for comparing the Wind Lens RCS with that of conventional turbines. We investigate methods to further reduce the Wind Lens RCS and present the results of a time-varying Doppler analysis. Results show that the addition of a metallic mesh around the shroud obscures the rotating blades, and hence mitigates the RCS by 15 dBm2, at angles where the radar interference is highest. (5 pages)


This project consists of an individual psychoanalytic therapy and a systemic group therapy. The latter is shaped by different definitions of the relationship. The "evolution theory" applied to communication (R. Dawkins) gives new ways of theorizing and managing the group.


We have theoretically investigated two-dimensional photonic crystal (2D PC) L1–L21 cavities with low-refractive-index (low-n) material cladding using the 3D finite-difference time domain method assisted by group theory in the time domain. We investigated various optical properties of 2D PC L-type cavities including resonant frequency, modal symmetry, Q factor, modal volume, real-space distribution, wavevector-space distribution and resonant wavevector condition. The resonant modes in 2D PC L-type cavities are Bloch-like resonant modes. As the size of the cavity increases, the fundamental resonant mode changes from the Fabry–Perot (FP)-like resonant mode to the distributed-feedback (DFB)-like resonant mode with the envelope of the half-cycle sine window. The DFB-like resonant mode can suppress the radiation loss in the vertical direction. The DFB-like resonant mode can achieve a high Q factor (Q > 105) in a small cavity (L < 10 µm). The DFB-like resonant mode is the intrinsic resonant mode in 2D PC L-type cavities, and it is naturally formed without fine tuning. These results show the high potential of 2D PC L-type cavities with low-n material cladding.


Bridge decks, concrete or otherwise, represent one of the most heavily deteriorated components of typical highway bridges. Bridge construction continues to proceed at high volume, and in the past, bridge repair, rehabilitation, and replacement increased as well. Enormous amounts of funding are required to support initial construction and repairs as needed. This national trend is also evident within the Tennessee bridge inventory, which currently numbers approximately 20,000, with a majority of the structures utilizing concrete cast-in-place decks. Because of the increasing volume of work and limited funding, efficient methods of constructing and repairing concrete bridge decks have been of interest during the past decades. Durable, high-quality bridge decks have been constructed in Tennessee with three primary forming systems: temporary forms and falsework and stay-in-place form systems consisting of precast concrete panels and permanent steel forms. Each of these form systems is discussed, with a description of typical applications and estimation of the frequency of use. Currently, cast-in-place decks in Tennessee represent approximately 60% of the inventory and are predominantly (90%) cast by using permanent steel forms. The effects of stay-in-place forms on finished cast-in-place decks were investigated as well as form durability and inspection and repair considerations. This information was obtained through review of Tennessee Department of Transportation specifications and standard drawings and interviews of department personnel.


This study examines whether religiosity at the county level is associated with future stock price crash risk. We find robust evidence that firms headquartered in counties with higher levels of religiosity exhibit lower levels of future stock price crash risk. This finding is consistent with the view that religion, as a set of social norms, helps to curb bad news hoarding activities by managers. Our evidence further shows that religiosity is more salient in curbing bad news hoarding for riskier firms and firms with weak governance mechanisms. Specifically, we find that the negative relation between religiosity and stock price crash risk is stronger (more negative) for riskier firms and for firms with weaker corporate governance monitoring mechanisms as measured by shareholder takeover rights and dedicated institutional ownership.


Worms are becoming difficult pests to control since many insecticides are now forbidden and the present alternatives are insufficiently effective. Antifeedants of plant origin may have potential against such pests. In this work, several diterpenoids, flavones and coumarins extracted from plants were assayed as antifeedant agents against Spodoptera littoralis larvae. Among these compounds, four diterpenes (eriocephalin, salviacoccin, aethiopinone and oxocandesalvone) and four coumarins (oxypeucedanin, xanthotoxin, isoimperatorin and prangol) showed significant activity, whereas all the flavones tested were inactive. Some aspects of the structure-activity relationships of these compounds are briefly discussed.


In the field of radar data processing, track interruption seriously affects target tracking, track fusion, and other tasks. The existing track segment association algorithms have low correlation accuracy in dense distributed or long-time interruption situations. To this purpose, a dense multi-target track segment association (DMTTSA) algorithm is proposed. Firstly, two identical networks based on the multi-head probability sparse (ProbSparse) self-attention are used to capture the long-term dependencies of the tracks. Then, the bidirectional quadruplet hard sample loss (BiQuaHard loss) is constructed to make the tracks belonging to the same targets closer and the tracks belonging to the different targets farther. Finally, DMTTSA takes the closest track pairs in the feature space as the associated tracks and divides the unassociated tracks into the birth and dead tracks in chronological order. Some comparative experiments are carried out to show the anti-noise performance of the DMTTSA, as well as the effectiveness of solving the problem of dense multi-target track interruption.


In the final chapter of Book II our doxographer leaves the subject of the moon and returns to that of the other heavenly bodies, recording the length of the planetary revolutions and adding some doxai on the length of the so-called Great year. The chapter is well preserved in both P and S, but there is no trace of it in T. Taking the other witnesses into account, we note first that there is once again considerable variation in the chapter's title. S includes the chapter in an early chapter of his anthology devoted to the nature and cause of time. Ach gives three views on the luni-solar year, of which two are identical with those found in A. Before we draw conclusions on the structure of the chapter, it will be worthwhile to examine the doxographical parallels. Various sources give accounts of the length of the planetary revolutions.Keywords: Aetius Placita; cause of time; doxographical parallels; Great year; heavenly bodies; luni-solar year; moon; nature; planetary revolutions


OBJECTIVE To analyze the material basis of Yuanhuzhitong(corydails tuber relieving pain)preparation,build the featureprints,and compare the difference between a series of preparations.METHODS A rapid,sensitive and selective method using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS) was used.Through analyzing the information from mass spectrometry and combining the references,15 peaks were identified.On the basis of above analysis,the featureprints of Yuanhuzhitong series preparations was established and the featureprints of 5 different preparations were compared.RESULTS The results indicted that alkaloids and coumarins were the main compositions in Yuanhuzhitong.The established the featureprint of Yuanhuzhitong preparation was accuracy,reliable.There was significant diversity between various preparation.CONCLUSIONThe known chemical composition of Yuanhuzhitong preparationcould offer material basis for its pharmacodynamic research and the diversity between various preparation could offer the basis for its formulation research.The featureprints method established in this study could be used for the holistic quality evaluation of Yuanhuzhitong.


A key is provided to the 15 species of Ooencyrtus recognized as occurring in the Neotropical region. The following species are described as new: caligo, syrphidis, calpodicus, caribeus, castneus, eversi and pinguis; Echthrodryinus saccharalis Gordh and Trjapitzin is transferred to Ooencyrtus; Ooencyrtus trinidadensis venatorius Vidal and De Santis is given species status and Ooencyrtus fasciatus Mercet is treated as a doubtful record for the region. All available published information on the biology and distribution of each species is listed and the pest status of some of the hosts is also included.


The invention is microcomputer intelligent lock system, which mainly made up of keyboard circuit, bit driving circuit, microprocessor, and lock head electromagnetic driving circuit, memory, protecting circuit, power control circuit. The keyboard circuit, bit driving circuit, and the memory are connected to the microprocessor directly; the buzz instructing light circuit, lock head electromagnetic driving circuit, power control circuit, and the protecting circuit are connected to the bit driving circuit; the protecting circuit controls the read and write of the memory; the microprocessor is connected with a PC to change the cipher code; the direct current electric signal uses the thyristor to control the alternate current power of the electric lock; a returning hook device is arranged in the electric lock for ensuring the safety when closing the door. The lock uses electron switch, has no arc or spark; the inputted cipher code may reach to 16 bits, it can change the cipher code online.


We have come to know well and deploy easily the Foucauldian terms discipline and securite (what we now call governmentality), especially as a result of Michel Foucault's 1978 and 1979 lectures at the College de France. What we know less well, I contend, is how to critique them - discipline and securite, that is - the way that Foucault critiqued the terms folie, delinquance, or sexualite. In this essay, I push further my meditations on punishment and subject discipline and securite to the same brutal method that Foucault used in his writings on folie, delinquance, and sexualite. I begin by supposing that they do not exist and, in this way, I critically reexamine some of my own preferred analytic constructs. The endeavor, I find, is dizzying. But the failure to subject these terms to critique comes at a deep cost to our own projects - intellectual and political. In this essay, I suggest that we may have been hiding behind these sophisticated analytic constructs to protect ourselves from asking - and having to answer in what can only be a vulgar or naive way - whether we are opposed to punishment. The question, then, is whether we avoid asking larger questions of punishment because we can argue, instead, against disciplinary practices or against governing through crime? Is that the price we pay, I ask, for believing in discipline and securite.


Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder affecting millions worldwide. Early detection of this disorder is crucial for improved patient outcomes. The current diagnostic method psychiatrists use based on the questionnaire approach mentioned in the International Statistical Classification of Disease (ICD-10). Therefore, automatic disease detection based on the distinguished brain signatures corresponding to normal controls and schizophrenic people can effectively aid clinicians in accurate diagnosis. The main objective of this research is to automatically extract these brain patterns using Recurrent Neural network architectures, namely- Long short-term memory (LSTM) and Bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM). Moreover, model performance is tuned by varying parameters, i.e., the number of samples per unit time and minibatch size. The LSTM model is found to be 95.0% accurate in detecting schizophrenia. Furthermore, the optimal performance is obtained using the Bi-LSTM model, which outperformed the LSTM model with an improved accuracy of 97.5%.


Background: Automatic implantable cardioverter‐defibrillators (ICDs) are standard therapy for patients at high risk of sudden cardiac death. Device implantation is a stressful event that has been associated with patient and anticipatory anxiety. While the psychological effects of normally functioning ICDs are known, only a dearth of literature evaluates how a warning about the potential for malfunction of an ICD lead, related to a device advisory, influences the degree of psychological distress. These effects are evaluated in a patient population with the Medtronic Sprint Fidelis defibrillation lead 6949 (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA).


SUMMARY

Lagynion spiniferum n. sp., characterised by delicate spines on its lorica, is described. It was found growing in the mucilage investment of Draparnaldia plumosa collected from a peat pond in the Western part of The Netherlands.


Clustering is a widely used technique with a long and rich history in a variety of areas. However, most existing algorithms do not scale well to large datasets, or are missing theoretical guarantees of convergence. This paper introduces a provably robust clustering algorithm based on loss minimization that performs well on Gaussian mixture models with outliers. It provides theoretical guarantees that the algorithm obtains high accuracy with high probability under certain assumptions. Moreover, it can also be used as an initialization strategy for $k$-means clustering. Experiments on real-world large-scale datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm when clustering a large number of clusters, and a $k$-means algorithm initialized by the algorithm outperforms many of the classic clustering methods in both speed and accuracy, while scaling well to large datasets such as ImageNet.