A series of molecular dynamics simulations have been performed to examine changes to the structural and dynamical properties of water molecules in silicalite-1 as a function of temperature and loading. The ab initio fitted silicalite-1/water potential which is newly developed 1 8 and the BJH flexible water/water potential 1 5 have been employed. The water loading was varied from 1 to 8 water molecules per intersection, equivalent to 8-64 molecules per simulation cube. The simulations have been carried out at 298 and 393 K. The results show that the water structure inside the silicalite-1 cages changes dramatically as a function of loading. We found that the probability of water molecules residing in a straight channel is always higher than that of residing in the sinusoidal channels. Under high loading, the observed clusters form a structure similar to that of pure water. We call it a "low-density cluster" for the following reasons: (i) The cluster consists of five water molecules (four in the first hydration shell of the central one) which is consistent with that of pure water. (ii) However, molecules in the cluster are not coordinated together via hydrogen bonds. The radius of the first hydration shell of 3.35 A is 0.5 A longer than that of pure water. (iii) Molecules in the cluster are less flexible than those of pure water. In terms of dynamical properties, for low loadings, a preferential diffusion path is observed along the center of the channel tube. The water molecules were detected to diffuse closer to the surface when the concentration was higher than six molecules per intersection. The diffusion coefficient of water decreases when the concentration increases. The D values for all concentrations at 393 K are higher than those at 298 K. The temperature dependence almost disappears at a loading of eight water molecules per intersection. In addition, the anisotropic diffusion is less pronounced for water in silicalite-1 in comparison to that of nonpolar molecules.


This paper discusses the latest generation of the MONARC (MOdels of Networked Analysis at Regional Centers) simulation framework, as a design and modeling tool for large scale distributed systems applied to HEP experiments. The simulation of Grid architectures has a vital importance in the future deployment of Grid systems for providing the users an appropriate feed-back. We present here an example of simulating complex data processing systems and the way the framework is used to optimize the overall Grid architecture and/or the policies that govern the Grid's use.


Certain conditions which characterized Japan as a nation as well as its climate contributed to the formation of an inherent Japanese culture and consciousness. There are views and analyses from two research streams used to explain the backbone of Japanese consciousness. The first is Shinto as described in the Kojiki and Nihonshoki. Prior to its establishment as a nation state (predating the period of Shotoku Taishi), Japan had hardly ever been exposed to outside influences due to its geographical isolation as an island nation. In that environment, a localized religion which celebrated the worship of ancestral gods and which eventually developed into Shinto was establishing solid foundations. The second stream was Buddhism which was officially introduced to Japan in 538. Shotoku Taishi (574–622) embraced Buddhism at a young age and after becoming regent, incorporated the teachings of Buddha into a constitution (Seventeen Article Constitution) as a framework for governing the state, thereby establishing for the first time a basic foundation for a Japanese state. This milestone had a significant influence in the establishment of the inherent consciousness and culture of the Japanese people thereafter. This initiative was interpreted by some as an effort by Shotoku Taishi to integrate Shinto and Buddhism (the syncretization of Shinto with Buddhism) to maintain the stability of the Japanese state. In the next section, the authors will present general observations on the relevance of Shinto and Buddhism and the Japanese consciousness.


The goal of the project discussed in this paper is to produce small-scale maps of dryland salinization potential for Victoria, Australia; maps which putatively identify areas where salinization effects might be expected to worsen or where effects have yet to become evident. This paper assumes: (a) that current stream salinity levels can be modelled empirically using a relationship reported by Greig and Devonshire (1981), and (b) that a subset of these levels are indicative at an early stage of the maximum long-term severity (meaning extensiveness) of proximate dryland salinization should water-tables rise. This paper uses computer induction to relate modelled stream salinity to observed salinization and hence to dryland salinization potential.


The paper examines the course offering and arranging of the medical English major program in Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(BUCM) with a literature review and an investigation into the learners'and employers'needs and their opinions concerning BUCM's relevant practice.It is shown that BUCM's course offering and arranging of the medical English major program is quite successful as it conducts continuous needs analysis.It is pointed out that a scientific and dynamic system of course offering and arranging is an essential prerequisite for the educational objectives.


This paper identifies stable resonance frequency range for grid-connected inverter with Grid-Voltage Feedforward Regulator (GVFR). Beginning with the current loop stability analysis without GVFR, system poles distribution is analytically studied in z-domain, the critical frequency is therefore calculated as well as the control gain limit. Then, this paper reveals the GVFR would change the system stability in the weak power system, two frequency boundaries and three typical resonance frequency ranges are identified and compared. System poles distribution shows that GVFR can offer damping effects when resonance frequency is below ωs/3, in contrast, over which GVFR will destabilize the system. The theoretical analysis is validated by experimental tests based on a laboratory-scale prototype.


Background: The endotracheal intubation (ETT) is the critical airway management in life saving, but major complications, such as esophageal intubation or difficult intubation, may be occurred. The esophageal tracheal Combitube TM (ETC), a combined endotracheal and esophageal obturator airway adjunct can be prevented these problems. Objective: To evaluate the ability of anesthetic nurse trainees to use the ETT and ETC, on the manikin. Design: An experimental study to evaluate the difficult of insertion, recognition of esophageal versus tracheal placement, skill proficiency and satisfaction. The ability to use the device in cases of failed endotracheal intubation also was scrutinized. Setting: Department of anesthesiology, Srinagarind hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand. Subjective: Twenty inexperienced anesthetic nurse trainees, who study in department of anesthesiology for 1 year (1 October 1999 to 30 September 2000). Measurement: The study is separated into 2 periods of time. The first one is on the first day of the training course in the department and the later is on the next 3 months. 1).The intubation time was defined as the time from the preparation of the instruments to the beginning of the intubation until the lungs were inflated and 2).The satisfaction and degree of difficulty for using Combitube TM by using the questionnaires. Result: Comparing the both periods of the study to intubation the ETT and the ETC, the study showed that the time for ETT intubation was 29.07 second (95%CI, 16.29,41.94), it showed that there was statistically different as was the degree of difficulty for intubation (both p-value < 0.05). The second period showed that the second intubation was easier than the first one. The time for ETC between both periods were not statistically significant different, however, the within degree of difficulty. The degree of satisfaction vis-a-vis of the two methods between the both periods were not statistically different. Conclusion: Although visualized endotracheal intubation remains the preferred method of airway control, the Combitube TM may be an effective emergency and prehospital airway device as both a back up to endotracheal tube and a primary airway. The Combitube TM dose not require visualization with a laryngoscope, comprehensive training and continuing education on key factors affecting skill retention. We concluded that training ETC intubation by anesthetic nurses (both trainees and those in intensive care) and paramedics would be more successful as well as the older ETT method.


Dynamic behavior of a magnetization state transfer is investigated in L-type arrayed discrete ferromagnetic nanodot chains by means of micromagnetic simulations. Under magnetic driving fields, magnetization state transfer behaviors are examined intensively with the variation of the discrete nanodot geometry and dimension in magnetic chains, which is similar to a virtual magnetic domain wall motion. In the magnetic chain system, a stepwise-propagating behavior of the virtual magnetic domain wall is clearly observed without the Walker breakdown phenomenon, if the geometric ratio of magnetic nanodots becomes larger. Interestingly, the average velocity of virtual domain wall in different magnetic chains is almost same under each onset field even is proportional to the ratio of the external field to the onset field, which should be attributed to the contribution of the opposite dipolar field interaction between adjacent nanodots in ferromagnetic chain systems.


Results of optical absorption and photoconductivity measurements in the 0.1 to 2.4 eV range of GaP crystals irradiated with 7.5 and 50 MeV electrons are presented. The absorption of irradiated crystals near the edge can be represented by two exponential regions. In the free carrier absorption region one can observe as a result of irradiation a decrease of the power index p in the dependence α ˜ λp. Photoconductivity with long-time relaxation takes place in the spectral interval where the additional absorption is observed. The quenching of residual conductivity can be observed at hv = 1.0 eV. Variations in absorption and photoconductivity are attributed to the "tails" of density states near the zone edges arising at introduction of both point defects and disordered regions. At hv = 2.1 eV one can observe a resonance band which is attributed to intra-centre transitions on point defects. A recovery of the optical properties of GaP at annealing is studied. In heavily irradiated GaP crystals point defects can form gatherings which display themselves as disordered regions.

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The primary purpose of this paper is to compare efficiency of privatized and government owned airports. Although in the U.S. almost all of the airports used by commercial air carriers are owned and operated by the public sector, the trend towards airport privatization, especially in Western Europe, Asia, and Latin America, has stimulated new thinking in this regard both from the U.S. government, as well as businesses. As the privatization trend in the airport industry continues, airport managers are facing an increased pressure to find more cost-efficient ways of running their airports. Implementing improvement standards will become a necessity. Moreover, there is an increasing economic pressure on local governments to privatize


The lattice dynamics of the silica polymorph α ?>-cristobalite has been investigated by a combination of diffuse and inelastic x-ray scattering and ab initio lattice dynamics calculations. Phonon dispersion relations and vibrational density of states are reported and the phonon eigenvectors analyzed by a detailed comparison of scattering intensities. The experimentally validated calculation is used to identify the vibration contributing most to the first peak in the density of vibrational states. The comparison of its displacement pattern to the silica polymorphs α ?>-quartz and coesite and to vitreous silica reveals a distinct similarity and allows for decisive conclusions on the vibrations causing the so-called Boson peak in silica glass.


While analyzing the Keralite Muslims and their organizational affiliations, the very first reflection I have is: we are more emotional than rational or even spiritual. Emotion is closer to obstinacy, not wanting to be corrected; being rational is intellectual; and being spiritual is about upholding the truth. The Qur'anic word that denotes 'truth' is al-haqq. It is relevant to remember here that the Holy Qur'an uses haqq not merely to refer to the revelation (wahy). Rather, it is also used while mentioning natural elements such as the sky, the earth, the cloud, etc. It appears to me that we are spending most of our 'rational and intellectual' potentials to work within a paradigm made in the organizational settings. Almost the entire intellectual, and spiritual, rather religious, energies are misused for the sole purpose of promoting the interests of different factions. The factional affiliations promote a viewpoint that Islam is partisan, 'egoistic,' individualized, and self-centred, especially to our neighbours.


We propose a new kinetic model for surface segregation during vapor phase growth that accounts for multiple segregation mechanisms, including mechanisms for terrace mediated exchange and step edge mediated exchange. The major result of the model is an analytic expression for the experimentally measured segregation length and profile broadening that can be readily calculated without the need for numerical simulations. We compare the model to experimental measurements for the temperature dependence of segregation of Sb in Si(001). The model is able to accurately describe both the anomalous segregation at low temperature and the transition between equilibrium and kinetically limited segregation at high temperature. An excellent agreement is obtained using realistic energies and pre-exponential factors for the kinetic rate constants. The model can be applied to other segregating systems in planar geometries, including metallic and III-V semiconducting thin films.


(1) Deterministic sensitivity analysis (or also design sensitivity) is a relatively well known mean often applied in structure design. It accompanies the design process in which a calculation model is being used which enables the change, step-by-step, of the values of one input quantity, and to investigate, by means of a parametric study, how this change manifests itself in an output quantity (e.g., a load-carrying capacity). Although the studies are of high worth and provide quick orientation concerning a model behaviour, they do not always enable, in a satisfactory manner, any realistic finding out of the whole spectrum of possible cases which could really occur in an actual structure. The parametric study is mostly mentioned in this connection. (2) Stochastic sensitivity analysis provides more complete (and more quantified!) information on the effect of parameters. The procedure of sensitivity determination is, to a certain extent, similar to a deterministic sensitivity analysis. A parameter change is carried out, as well, and the manifestation of this change in the output quantity is studied. The input quantity change here, however, also takes into consideration the occurrence frequency, i.e., the realizations of input random quantities are simulated as if they were obtained by measurements. Usually, the experimental phase representing the calculation model is understood as the simulation stage. Its aim is the behaviour analysis of a system depending on the input quantities and parameter values.


In the Ising model at zero external field with ferromagnetic first neighbors interaction the Gibbs measure is investigated using the group properties of the contours configurations. Correlation inequalities expressing positive dependence among groups and comparison among groups and cosets are used. An improved version of the Griffiths' inequalities is proved for the Gibbs measure conditioned to a subgroup. Examples of positive and negative correlations among the spin variables are proved under conditioning to a contour or to a separation line.


Abstract The object case inflection in Koalib (Niger-Congo) represents complex patterns that involve phoneme position, syllable structure, and tonal pattern. Few attempts have been made with qualitative and quantitative approaches to identify the rules of the object case paradigms in Koalib. In the current study, information on phonemes, tones, and syllables are automatically extracted from a Koalib sample of 2,677 lexemes. The data is then fed to decision-tree-based classifiers to predict the object case paradigms and extract the interactive patterns between the variables. The results improve the predicting accuracy of existing studies and identify the case paradigms predicted by linguistic hypotheses. New case paradigms are also found by the computational classifiers and explained from a linguistic perspective. Our work demonstrates that the combination of linguistic theoretical knowledge with machine learning techniques can become one of the methodological approaches for linguistic analyses.


Colonic screening is a hot topic these days, and rightly so. Colorectal malignancy is a major cause of cancer deaths, yet most cases are preventable. The majority of cases evolve insidiously from benign adenomatous polyps, which typically grow slowly and silently for several years before they turn


The results of quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analyses are reported for structurally diverse series of chemicals which act as substrates or inhibitors for human hepatic microsomal cytochromes P450 (CYP). In particular, this study focuses on the major catalysts of drug metabolism in man, namely CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP3A4. It is found that good correlations (with correlation coefficients ranging from R = 0.94 to 0.99) with P450 binding affinity (Km and K(D)) or competitive inhibition (Ki) values are obtained in each case, especially when consideration of hydrogen bonding parameters are included in the QSAR analysis, together with the number of pi-pi stacking interactions.


Due to an increasing professionalization, specialization, and globalization in the development of interactive entertainment new demands for comprehensive knowl- edge management support emerge. This article aims at sensitizing and systematizing the needs and potentials for continuous knowledge flow and community engagement in this application area. It starts with an analysis of typical development activities and involved parties that could benefit from a continuous knowledge management support. Then, a general framework architecture and implementation examples are presented that provide different levels of knowledge management support for interactive enter- tainment development.


The aim of this study was elucidate the inhibitory role of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) in liver fibrosis and its possible activation mechanism in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) of mice. We generated a GDF15‐neutralizing antibody that can inhibit TGF‐β1–induced activation of the TGF‐β/Smad2/3 pathway in LX‐2 cells. All the mice in this study were induced by carbon tetrachloride and thioacetamide. In addition, primary HSCs from mice were isolated from fresh livers using Nycodenz density gradient separation. The severity and extent of liver fibrosis were evaluated by Sirius Red and Masson staining. The effect of GDF15 on the activation of the TGF‐β pathway was detected using dual‐luciferase reporter and Western blotting assays. The expression of GDF15 in cirrhotic liver tissue was higher than that in normal liver tissue. Blocking GDF15 with a neutralizing antibody resulted in a delay in primary hepatic stellate cell activation and remission of liver fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride or thioacetamide. Meanwhile, TGF‐β pathway activation was partly inhibited by a GDF15‐neutralizing antibody in primary HSCs. These results indicated that GDF15 plays an important role in regulating HSC activation and liver fibrosis progression. The inhibition of GDF15 attenuates chemical‐inducible liver fibrosis and delays hepatic stellate cell activation, and this effect is probably mainly attributed to its regulatory role in TGF‐β signalling.


Laboratory model test results for the bearing capacity of strip and square foundations supported by sand reinforced with layers of geogrid are presented. On the basis of the present model test results, the bearing capacity ratios with respect to the ultimate bearing capacity (and at levels of limited settlement of the foundation) were determined. For practical design purposes, it appears that for strip foundations the bearing capacity ratio calculated on the basis of the ultimate bearing capacity is 1.7 times the bearing capacity ratio at limited levels of settlement. Similarly, for square foundations, the bearing capacity ratio with respect to the ultimate bearing capacity is about 1.45 times the bearing capacity ratio at limited levels of settlement.


Dalegan Village of Gresik District, East Java, is a large Legen / neera and Palmyra fruit producing village. During this time legen siwalan was sold in the form of natural drinks. The problem faced by partners at this time is this Palmyra fruit spoils relatively quick so it doesn't have high selling value. A technology is needed in the form fermentation to produce Nata de Legen using Acetobacter xylinum. Training method used were in form of lectures, demonstrations, discussions, direct practice, independent tasks, evaluation and marketing trials. The training was conducted in 3 groups consisting of 10 Local Welfare Organization (PKK) members and 5 Youth Organization members. The expected output target at the end of the program is that all participants succeeded in making the starter and Nata de Legen correctly. Participants also managed to whiten and soften raw Nata, which then made into end-products in the form of fruit-flavored Nata de Legen drinks (honeydew, strawberry, orange and cocopandan) and desserts in form of jelly and pudding packed in cup and bulk with the selling price calculated accordingly to Nata de Legen entrepreneurial training.


This paper describes numerical analysis of current limiting characteristics of YBCO thin film with inhomogeneous superconducting properties. The analysis tool uses a finite element method (FEM) based on current vector potentials. First, the validity of the analysis tool was verified by comparing with experimental results using small samples. Then we analyzed large-size meander-shaped thin films and discussed the influence of inhomogeneous superconducting properties of YBCO thin film on current limiting characteristics.


Z LIBRARIES The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part. ABSTRACT Within the past decade, seismic isolation systems have gained rapid popularity in the earthquake resistant design of bridge structures. This popularity has come in response to the inadequacy of earlier seismic design and retrofit methodologies. The mechanical shortcomings and subsequent failure mechanisms associated with the early elastic seismic design philosophy are first presented, followed by a study of the applicability of seismic isolation systems in bridge structures. This investigation includes a discussion of the susceptibility of simple span bridges to seismic failure, an overview of the behavior of base isolated structures, a detailed description of isolation system components, an explanation of the mechanics of elastometric isolation bearings, and a presentation of the linear theory of seismic isolation. The qualitative investigation of seismic isolation systems is supplemented by a quantitative nonlinear time-history analysis that illustrates the response of a simple span bridge to seismic excitation. The analysis examines the effects of the varying stiffness of a lead-rubber elastometric bearing upon structural response when subjected to the 1940 El Centro earthquake. The results confirm the expected behavior of isolated structures and emphasize the need for site-specific studies in the design of effective seismic isolation systems for bridge structures.


Industry associations are often considered to be controversial actors of innovation and development. Several political scientists and economists express distrust in them. It is not an accident that as early as the 18 century Adam Smith (2003) accused industry associations of playing a negative role in the economy, raising the prices of goods and conspiring against the public interest. Such a role was against the emerging economic and political liberalism and the market competition. Much later, Mancur Olson (1982) argued that industry associations always seek unproductive rents and pursue their narrow private interests. In the same line of argument, Moore and Hamalai (1993) warned that industry associations can even generate conflict and lead to waste of resources, discouraging competition instead of promoting innovation and development. More recently, Yadar (2011) and Frye (2010) demonstrate strong links between industry associations and corrupt governments as well as political polarization.


In real-time database system,transactions must be scheduled under their deadline.In real-time transaction scheduling,preemption to the nearing completion transaction may lead to the waste of CPU time and reduce the system's performance.For the periodic transactions scheduling in real-time database,a PEA(preemptive estimate algorithm) software fault-tolerant algorithm was proposed.Based on EDF(earliest deadline first) and combined with the load optimized algorithm for adjusting,this algorithm used a preemptive estimate strategy to determine whether preemption was permitted,so as to maximize the utilization of the system.The simulation experiments show that the algorithm has better performance and can enhance the success rate of primary task effectively.


A method for determining worst-case response-time properties of the FlexRay protocol frames is proposed by Pop et al. in 2008, where the determination of the worst-case response time of frames transmitted in the dynamic segment is formulated as iterative sequences of an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) problems. In this paper, we show that the analysis method of Pop et al. provides pessimistic results of the worst-case response time of frames transmitted in the dynamic segment. Then, we propose a new ILP formulation that computes the exact value of the worst-case response time of FlexRay frames transmitted in the dynamic segment. Further our approach is non-iterative requiring a solving of a single ILP for computing respectively the number of cycles a frame is delayed access to the bus and the delay spent in the unfilled cycle before the transmission of the frame starts.


Kosovo unilaterally declared independence without Serbia's agreement and without approval of the UN Security Council. Today, Kosovo has been recognized by 110 UN member countries, including 23 EU Member States. The negotiation of the Stabilisation and Association Agreement (SAA) started in 2013 and the SAA was signed in October 2015, which means that Kosovo is included in the EU accession process. Stabilisation and Association Agreement is the accession instrument that presumes legal cooperation of the EU with the potential candidate state. In that respect, there is a risk of incoherence between EU policies and between EU and MS politics towards Kosovo. Firstly, the Treaty of Lisbon puts a major imperative on the process of straightening the coherence between Unions policies and activities. It is the obligation of the Union to ensure consistency between the different areas of Union's external action and between these and its other policies. Also, the Treaty prescribes stronger obligations for Member States to support the Union's external and security policy actively and unreservedly in a spirit of loyalty and mutual solidarity. Secondly, following the Lisbon Treaty, which conferred legal personality to the European Union, the Stabilization and Association Agreement was concluded in the form of an EU- only agreement, involving the EU on one side and Kosovo on the other side. Moreover – five EU countries have not recognized Kosovo. Conclusively, this is a case of a potential candidate state that is not recognized by five Member States, which causes concern over the future functioning of the EU. This paper will analyze the current regulation that produced this situation and propose changes that could contribute to a better functioning of the EU.


Polycrystalline 0.94(Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3–0.06BaTiO3 samples were tested under uniaxial mechanical compression at various temperatures in the vicinity of the polar tetragonal to nonpolar tetragonal phase boundary. They are shown to display double loop-like stress-strain behavior, marked by a closed ferroelastic hysteresis loop. Thus, it forms a mechanical analog to the polarization-electric field hysteresis behavior of barium titanate above the Curie temperature. As temperature is increased there is an apparent loss of macroscopically observable ferroelasticity, despite the persistence of tetragonality. Macroscopic experimental results are discussed in conjunction with temperature-dependent and stress-dependent high-energy x-ray diffraction data. This reveals a phase transition below the Curie temperature, marked by a discontinuous change in lattice parameters and octahedral tilting during compressive mechanical loading.


A core problem for health information seekers is locating relevant information among the vast amount of online content. Personalization has been suggested as a solution to effective Web information retrieval and also explored in the healthcare context, but then primarily with paper-based or locally available material. In this paper we report on the evaluation of a prototype system, STEPPS, which utilizes electronic patient record data to personalize the retrieval of health information from a variety of online resources, for the purposes of patient education. In a blinded clinician assessment of Web pages retrieved for 27 individual profiles of patients hospitalized in Dutch burn care units, STEPPS performed significantly better than random selection of material.


The 2D electrical resistivity imaging survey was implemented in the area located within the University of Anbar, using a dipole-dipole array to detect the gypsum soil layer. This survey was done along seven analogous 2D lines adjacency in E-W direction, then the data of all 2D lines were merged to produce 3D resistivity imaging models. Laboratory tests of three soil samples in the survey area were analyzed and correlated with data obtained from 2D imaging to determine gypsum content in the soil. Our results of 2D and 3D imaging models show that the gypsum soil layer thickness is 2.53 m approximately, and it is characterized by high differences in the resistivity values in the range of 50 to more than 400 Ωm. This difference is generally caused by high inhomogeneities in the hardness of soil components, while the test results show the gypsum content in the samples equal to 213, 232, and 211 g/kg respectively, and it is indicative of that the soil consists of a high content of gypsum.  The correlation between these results is indicative of the area is unstable and can be led to a differential settlement that causes cracks and collapses of the constructions.


An exploratory US trial in patients with acute rhinosinusitis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Cyclamen europeaum extract, a product marketed in Europe that causes reflex nasal discharge and subsequent decongestion.


Aiming at the problem of limb motor dysfunction in stroke patients after operation, a noval mirror training strategy based on kinematics is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the pose of the end effector based on the common coordinate system is obtained by establishing forward kinematic modeling of dual-arm upper limb rehabilitation robot; Secondly, the pose of the end effector of patient's impaired limb in the common coordinate system is calculated by the mirror relationship of the bilateral limbs, and the joint angles is obtained according to the inverse kinematics, which realizing the function of the mirror training. Finally, the experiment is designed and the tester's training data is collected and a series of evaluation indicators are obtained to reflect the training effect in different traininig stages. The results show that this strategy has a certain effect on improving the motor function of the impaired limb. In the future, the factors affecting the strategy will be further optimized to improve the rehabilitation effect.


The present study is conducted to find out the Determinant Of E-Entrepreneurship Using Pull And Push Factor Approach. This research was conducted on Andalas University. Information collected to through the quesstionnaries were distributed to 210 students using convenience sampling method. The data analyzed using Ms. Excel for characteristic respondent, SPSS 16 for descriptive analysis, and using SmartPLS 3.0 to analyze the indicators and hypothesis. The result indicate that there is significant positive impact of interest in business on entrepreneurial intention, significant positive impact of self-fulfilment on entrepreneurial intention, personal control not effect student's entrepreneurial intention, significant positive impact between maintaining technological skills and entrepreneurial intention, financial needs not effect student's entrepreneurial intention, future limitation on employee opportunity not effect student's entrepreneurial intention, and the lastsignificant positive impact of level competition to find a job on entrepreneurial intention.


This study is a preliminary survey on thumb reach of Indonesian population when interacting with single-handed device. This study was aimed to know the thumb reach envelope on the screen of mobile phone. The correlation between the thumb reach vs. the hand length and thumb length was also identified. Thirty young adults participated in the study. All participants had normal body stature and were right-handed person. In the observational phase, the participant was asked to colour the canvas area on the screen of the mobile phone by using his/her thumb. The participant had to complete the task by applying the single hand interaction. The participant should grab the mobile phone as he/she use it normally in his/her daily activities. The thumb reach envelope of participants was identified from the coloured area of the canvas. The results of this study found that participants with a large hand length and thumb length tend to have a large thumb reach. The results of this study also show the thumb reach area of the participants is forming an elliptical shape that runs from the northeast to southwest on the device screen.


This study is to solve the bifurcation control with principal parametric resonance of Mathieu-duffing equation under a narrow-band random excitation with two time-delays.The method of multiple scales is used to derive the equations of modulation of amplitude and phase.The bifurcation can be affected by the time delays.The study discusses the bifurcation equation based on singularity theory.Therefore,the effect of time delays on the steady response can be found.


This volume collects together the papers presented and discussed at the 2012 Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research.

These papers cover a range of different perspectives, approaches and results within a scholarly approach to computing education research. This includes methodological, empirical, curricular and tools-oriented interventions and reflections. Papers were accepted in four categories: empirical research papers, theoretical research papers, systems papers, and discussion papers.


Since the 1980s, the Chinese army has deeply changed on a doctrinal level, with a reduction in the number of servicemen and a technological modernization. At one time it was a popular army, today it is a modern tool of power taking up regional and worldwide challenges. This army must also respond to national controversies and after the events of 1989, the popular armed police had to specialize in this matter. The civil transformation of part of the industrialmilitary complex wasn't without any speculating purposes. The Chinese army and nation have intricate relations. The serviceman was for a long time bearer of national unity values and socialist modernization, but he is also a power in the state, a tragic actor of political repression, and a strength for the communist leaders and the Chinese population representing the anew power of China.


A series of polysulfide-based polyureas was synthesized, which were based on isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), liquid polysulfide and 2,5-diamino-3,6-dimethylmercaptotoluene (Ethacure-300). The structure and mechanical properties of these elastomers were investigated using dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, stress–strain analysis, water-resistance and oil-resistance tests. The results showed that there was phase segregation between soft and hard segments in polysulfide-based polyurea. With the increase in number-average relative molar mass and content of liquid polysulfide, the tensile strength decreased while the ultimate elongation increased. The effect of number-average relative molar mass of polysulfide and hard-segment content on oil resistance is also discussed. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry


In 1980 a large yellow steel sculpture by the Australian sculptor Ron Robertson-Swann was installed in the City Square in Melbourne, Australia. Commissioned by the Melbourne City Council, the sculpture attracted enormous media scrutiny and its tenure in the Square was a regular agenda item on City Council meetings from the time that a maquette of the proposed work was first displayed. Over the next 20 years the sculpture, later named Vault, was twice dismantled and reassembled at other sites. In this article I approach the sculpture through an object-oriented method, one that attributes agency to the human and nonhuman actors in these events. In so doing I seek to locate what Bruno Latour might have described as the "hidden geographies" of the sculpture. This close examination of the life of the work, and the many and varied interactions with the sculpture on the part of the people of Melbourne, demonstrates how Vault far exceeded Robertson-Swann's intentions for it.


We report an experiment on acoustic surface wave storage in photoconducting CdS which leads to a decay time as long as 100 ms. Both charging and storing times are deduced from the experimental amplitude of the echo restored by a readout pulse. In addition we find that charging and discharging of the memory seem to obey a two‐step process.


The dependence of the growth rate of Arbutus andrachne L. on some environmental factors was studied under the conditions of the Southern Coast vegetation experiment in different periods of the species vegetation, which made it possible to find the optimal and limiting conditions for its growth. In March, vegetation began at an average daily air temperature of 3.5 – 7.50 °C and the increase in stem diameter was approximately 0.42 % (0.09 mm), at the second stage (April-May) – 3.7 % (0.58 mm) with a further exit to plateau. In July - August, two sections of the d % change are observed: the first section is from July 27 till August 19 - intensive growth of d % by 12.58 % (1.961 mm), the second section after August 19 – access to the growth plateau, which is associated with an increase in air temperature to 30-35 °C. In September-October, two sections of the d % change are observed: the first section lasted from September 01 till September 15 - intensive growth of d % by 3.55 % (0.582 mm), the second section after September 15 – exit to a plateau of growth, lowering the air temperature to 8-10 °C and the end of the growing season. In November, an increase in trunk diameter was not observed. The optimal environmental factors were: in March-May, Ta = 20-2 °C, Da = 0.4-1.2 kPa, I = 300-900 mmol / m2s; July-August, Ta = 22-28 °C, Da = 1.4-2.5 kPa, I = 500-1000 μmol / m2s; in September-October, Ta = 16-25 °C, Da = 0.3-1.5 kPa, I = 400-800 μmol / m2s, respectively. The results of our experiments allow us to compare the ecological and physiological characteristics we obtained with the climatic conditions of a particular region and evaluate the possibilities of introducing it into other regions.


The design of output feedback controllers that eliminate uncertainties caused by critical races in asynchronous sequential machines is considered. The objective is to build controllers that drive a race-afflicted machine so as to match a prescribed deterministic model. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of such controllers are presented in terms of a numerical matrix derived from the given machine. When controllers exist, an algorithm for their construction is also provided. The discussion depends on the novel notion of 'generalised state', which helps represent the uncertainty created by critical races and facilitates the construction of controllers.


Using two models of gill remodeling (thermally-induced and hypoxia-induced), experiments focused on the physiological consequences of changing SA (surface area) on CI" balance in goldfish (Carassius auratus). A central hypothesis was that increasing surface area (SA) associated with gill remodeling would pose a challenge to ionic regulation by promoting the obligatory trans-branchial movements of salt and water. To counter the presumed increased rates of CI" loss, it was reasoned that goldfish experiencing greater SA would increased the numbers or activities of the putative CI" transporting cells, the ionocytes. In fish acclimated to warm water (25° C), the ionocytes were scattered along the lamellae and within the interlamellar regions of the filament. In cold water (7° C), the ionocytes were absent from the lamellae and filaments but instead restricted to the outer regions of an interlamellar cell mass (ILCM) that formed within the interlamellar channels. It was determined that in fish transferred from 25 to 7° C, the ionocytes on the outer edge of the ILCM originated predominantly from the migration of pre existing ionocytes. The greater functional lamellar surface area in the warm water acclimated fish did not result in an increase of passive branchial CI" efflux as was predicted on the basis of the increased paracellular movement of polyethylene glycol (PEG; 7.5 fold); these data suggest specific regulation (minimization) of CI" loss. Despite a reduced surface area of ionocytes in the warm acclimated fish (2103 ± 180 compared to 5219 ± 438 |im mm" of filament) and higher activities of Na/K-ATPase (NKA; 1.28 ± 0.15 compared to 0.43 ± 0.06 îmol mg" protein h"), CI" uptake was not significantly increased to match the


Several solid state detectors, such as dosimetric diodes, MOSFET detectors or diamond detectors are used for quality control of radiotherapy beams. The goal of this work was to determine dosimetric properties of the PTW diamond detector (DD) and the PTW silicon diode in the 60 MeV therapeutic beam (practical range in water Rp = 29.17 mm) located at the Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences (IFJ PAN, Krakow). A PTW Markus ionization chamber was used as a reference device. The empirical correction factor for diamond detector, k DD (Rresidual), introduced in the Technical Report Series of IAEA, TRS-398 (9) as a function of beam quality, Rresidual, was found to decrease from 1.12 for Rresidual = 1.5 mm to 1.04 for Rresidual = 26 mm. The reproducibility of response of DD and PTW diodes in the proton filed did not exceed 0.11%. Our results show that diamond detectors and dosimetric diodes are useful tools for quality assurance (QA) of therapeutic proton beam, but each type of detectors has specific properties which should be taken into account when choosing particular application.


A silicon pixel detector with fine pitch size of 19×19 μm, developed base on SOI (silicon on insulator) technology, was tested under the illumination of infrared laser pulses. As an alternative way to particle beam tests, the laser pulses were tuned to very short duration and small transverse profile to simulate the tracks of MIPs (minimum ionization particles) in silicon. Hit cluster sizes were measured with focused laser pulses propagating through the SOI detector perpendicular to its surface and most of the induced charge was found to be collected inside the seed pixel. For the first time, the signal amplitude as a function of the applied bias voltage was measured for this SOI detector, deepening understanding of its depletion characteristics.


Modern approaches for vision-centric environment perception for autonomous navigation make extensive use of self-supervised monocular depth estimation algorithms that output disparity maps. However, when this disparity map is projected onto 3D space, the errors in disparity are magnified, resulting in a depth estimation error that increases quadratically as the distance from the camera increases. Though Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) can solve this issue, it is expensive and not feasible for many applications. To address the challenge of accurate ranging with low-cost sensors, we propose, OCTraN, a transformer architecture that uses iterative-attention to convert 2D image features into 3D occupancy features and makes use of convolution and transpose convolution to efficiently operate on spatial information. We also develop a self-supervised training pipeline to generalize the model to any scene by eliminating the need for LiDAR ground truth by substituting it with pseudo-ground truth labels obtained from boosted monocular depth estimation.


Surging enrollment, high levels of student contact, and the professional isolation that can result from teaching remotely combine to increase the risk of burnout for faculty teaching online. Additional risk factors stem from higher education's turn toward a customer service model, its current emphasis on efficiency with the addition of performance metrics, and resulting feelings of loss of agency, efficacy, and belonging. However, the principles of self-determination theory—autonomy, competence, and relatedness—provide a foundation for creating a sustainable, engaging work environment for faculty that also benefits students and the university as a whole. This chapter draws from interdisciplinary research and the insights and experiences of faculty to detail the causes of and solutions for burnout, emphasizing the role institutions play in mitigating the risk factors. Finally, this chapter includes a playbook of concrete practices that departments and institutions can draw from to create opportunities for employees to collaborate, reflect, and flourish.


The Tension and Vitality of Education Reform: An Analysis of the Logical Relationship between the Elements of Education Reform over 40 Years of Reform and Opening-up YANG Wenjie,FAN Guorui (Department of Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China) Abstract押 Through a systematic review of the 40 years of education reform and opening-up, this paper conducts an analysis of the logical relationship between the elements of educational system in a bid to reflect on the development trajectory and internal logic of education reform. It is found that educational changes at different stages of development, in different fields, and at different levels are the process of changing the relationship between different educational stakeholders including the government, schools, and society in a specific political and economic environment; education is constantly being adapted to and promoting social development. By seeking tension between efficiency and fairness, regulation and governance, complementation and integration, seclusion and openness, standardization and selectivity, and localization and internationalization, it stimulates the vitality of different stakeholders and the entire educational system, thereby realizing the improvement of educational system and the healthy development of education industry. Key words押 Reform and Opening -up;Education Reform;Educational Equity;Education Governance; Institutional Analysis


We present new infrared observations of the emission/reflection nebula IC 405 obtained with the Spitzer Space Telescope. Infrared images in the four IRAC bands (3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8.0 μm) and two MIPS bands (24 and 70 μm) are complemented by IRS spectroscopy (5-30 μm) of two nebular filaments. The IRAC (8.0 μm) and MIPS imaging shows evidence of a bow shock associated with the runaway O9.5 V star, HD 34078, created by the interaction between the star and nebular material. The ratio of emission at 24 to 70 μm is higher in the immediate vicinity of HD 34078 than in the outer filaments, providing evidence for elevated dust temperatures (Td ≳ 90 K) in the shock region. The nebular imaging reveals that the morphology is band dependent, with varying contributions from aromatic emission features, H2, and dust emission. Nebular spectroscopy is used to quantify these contributions, showing several aromatic emission bands between 6-14 μm, the S(5), S(3), S(2), and S(1) pure rotational emission lines of H2, and atomic fine-structure lines of Ne, S, and Ar. The low-dispersion spectra provide constraints on the ionization state of the large molecules responsible for the aromatic infrared features. H2 rotational temperatures of the two bright nebular filaments are determined from the observed line strengths. An average T(H2) ~ 400 K is inferred, with evidence for additional nonuniform excitation by UV photons in the intense radiation field of HD 34078. The photoexcitation hypothesis is supported by direct measurement of the far-UV H2 fluorescence spectrum, obtained with FUSE.


SUMMARY

A standard opinion is that the international reserve role of the dollar gives a 100 per cent seignorage profit to the United States: they can take over foreign firms by printing notes which other countries as a whole will forever keep in portfolio. An emerging opinion is that this is no seignorage since these dollar reserves yield interest: in fact, the U. S. pay with perpetuities. However, each year the interest paid is matched by the increase in reserves (exactly in case of balanced growth where interest and growth rates are equal), so that they cancel each other: on the average, there is no real interest paid, just a yearly mark-up of the reserves by the amount of the interest. But, if the operation is neutral in real terms in the current year, there remains a 100 per cent seignorage on the initial accumulation of dollars. And the present value of this seignorage is its amount increased at compound interest, that is the value of present reserves. Therefore the first mentioned opinion arrives at the right conclusion, although through faulty reasoning. In addition, the initial Western European dollar accumulation roughly coincide in amount and time with Marshall Plan gifts. It is as if the dollars received have just been kept in cash. The U. S. seignorage profit cancels out the grant. There has been no Marshall aid.

This paper also analyses the international seignorage implications of the following phenomena: payment of short term interest rate on de facto long term reserves, which represent liquidity services; term and volatility differences between private and official reserves; U. S. inflation; U. S. federal bank required reserves which yield no interest; international politics influences; gold; U. S. monetary policies.


The clinical study on PITHA PERUMBADU ROGAM was carried out in Post graduate department of Maruthuvam, Government Siddha Medical College, Arignar Anna Government Hospital, Chennai - 106 during the period of 2016 - 2018.
A total of 30 patients were treated in the Outpatient department. The clinical and pathological assessment was carried out on the basis of Siddha and Modern aspects. All the patients were treated with MAAMPISIN CHOORANAM (2 gm tds). The duration of the treatment was fixed as 1 to 15 Days of menstruation for 3 consecutive cycles.
• The comparatively larger incidence of Pitha Perumbadu was found to be in 36-45 years of age.
• The prevalence of the disease was high among low class populations 43% followed by Middle class 40% and Lower class population 17%.
• Out of 30 patients, 2 patients (7%) were student, 9 patients (30%) were Office going people, 19 patients (63%) were house wife.
• Among dietary patterns, 17 patients (57%) consume vegetarian diet.
• From selected 30 patients, 12 patients (40%) come under Munpani kaalam and 18 patients (60%) come under Pinpani Kaalam.
• Out of 30 patients, 97% comes under Neithal category.
• In Mukkutram aspect - In Vatham
• Abanan (100%), Pranan (20%), Viyanan (100%), Koorman (7%), Samanan (40%) and Devathathan (100)% were affected.
• In pitham
• Sathagam (100%), Ranjagam (100%), Alosagam (7%), Praasagam (90%) and Analagam (40%) were affected.
• In Kapham.
• Kilethagam (40%), Tharpagam (10%), Santhigam (67%) were affected.
• Among Ezhu Udal Thathukkal, Saaram (100%), Senneer (100%), Enbu (67%), Suronitham (100%) were affected.
• Among Envagai Thervugal Naa (90%), Niram (50%), Vizhi (97%), Malam (20%), Moothiram (3%), Naadi (100%) were affected.
• Naadi showed Pitha vatha naadi (63%) and Vatha pitha naadi (37%).
• In Neikuri examination Pitha neer (77%) and vatha neer (23%) were seen.
• The ingredients of trial medicines were found to have the properties of reducing the symptoms of PITHA PERUMBADU ROGAM. In Maampisin Chooranam, basic radicals like phosphate, iron and reducing sugar were present.
• The Toxicological studies of the trial medicine reveal no toxicity.
• The Pharmacological studies of the trial medicine shows styptic activity.
• The Bio statistical report of the clinical trial shows significant P value <0.001 and concluded that, the treatment is effective and significant.
• Among 30 patients, 70% of cases showed good result and 20% of cases showed moderate result and 10% of cases showed mild result in PITHA PERUMBADU ROGAM (MENORRHAGIA).
CONCLUSION:
Pitha Perumbadu is primarily due to the derangement of Pitha kuttram.
• The trial medicine Maampisin Chooranam predominating with Thuvarppu suvai, it neutralizes the deranged pitham by Ethirurai Maruthuvam.
• From the preclinical toxicity studies, the medicine Maampisin Chooranam revealed no toxicity and proved to be safe.
• From the preclinical pharmacological studies, it is evident that the medicine Maampisin Chooranam has Styptic activity.
• No adverse effects were reported during the course of the treatment.
• The medicine Maampisin Chooranam which gives a maximum relief in symptoms of Menorrhagia.
• The ingredients of the trial medicine are easily available.
• The trial medicine is economical.
Therefore I conclude that, the medicine Maampisin Chooranam can give a better solution for Pitha Perumbadu.


Predictions of travel time and reliabilities for urban arterials are important issues in advanced traveller information systems (ATIS). The travel time reliabilities are required to ensure smooth travel of drivers and avoid serious delays. In this research, five travel time prediction models, including Bureau of Public roads function (BPR), conical volume-delay (CVD) function, Webster-delay model, Skabardonis-Dowling (SD) model, and traffic flow model, are tested and a model-based travel time reliability model is propose to estimate travel time reliabilities. The empirical and historical data, including travel time and signal timing data from survey and historical flow and speed data from vehicle detector (VD), are used to predict and analyze travel time.


The hybrid PET and MRI which could provide information on functional and structural images was required to improve the mutual compatibility. The purpose of this study is to propose a new electromagnetic shielding material; Au plated conductive fabric (Au PCF) tape, and evaluated shielding effectiveness of Au PCF tape and Cu foil for insertable PET in hybrid PET/MRI. The PET consisted of 18 detector blocks arranged in a ring of 390 mm diameter and 60 mm axial FOV. Each detector block was constituted of 4 × 4 matrix of detector module, each of which consisted of a 4 × 4 array LSO coupled to a 4 × 4 GAPD array. The PET gantry was positioned in center of two 3T Human MRIs and shielded with Au PCF tape or Cu foil. The PET readout electronics were enclosed in an aluminum shielding box behind MRI. RF head coil was also shielded with Au PCF tape or Cu foil to improve shielding effects. The MR image of cylindrical water phantom was acquired to evaluate MR image homogeneity and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) with various MR sequences. The homogeneity of MR Images was similar without and with PET gantry shielded with Au PCF tape and Cu foil. SNRs measured without and with PET gantry shielded with Au PCF tape have small differences (<;4%). SNR was decreased <;~9% with PET gantry shielded with Cu foil. Experimental results indicate that Au PCF tape have good performance of electromagnetic shielding to reduce the effect of RF noise on the MR image in hybrid PET-MR.


Topography of surfaces machined by face milling is studied in the paper with theoretical and experimental methods. Roughness of surfaces which were generated by the combination of the rotational and the feed-directional motion of the tool are different in different directions and it also varies when measured in the same direction but in parallel planes. Theoretical values of roughness indexes were determined by a CAD model which considers these phenomena. Cutting tests were conducted with circular inserts, and twoand threedimensional roughness values are introduced as a function of the feed. The theoretical and real values are compared. Key-Words: Face Milling, Roughness, Effect of the Feed


Approximately 80% of the Cd in an anaerobically digested sewage sludge was removed by acid extraction and dewatering. The acid extracted sludge was treated by (i) neutralization to pH 5.9 with Ca(OH)/sub 2/, (ii) addition of monocalcium phosphate (MCP) followed by Ca(OH)/sub 2/ neutralization to pH 5.9, and, (iii) addition of rock phosphate (RP) followed by Ca(OH)/sub 2/ neutralization to pH 5.9. The three treated sludges and the non acid-extracted sludge were applied to Spinks loamy sand at rates equivalent to 18.7 and 37.4 ..mu..mol Cd kg/sup -1/. Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris) was grown in the greenhouse for 56 d. Cadmium, Fe, Ca, and P were measured in saturation extracts of treated soil after sludge addition. These data indicated that hydroxyapatite was stable throughout the study in the soil receiving MCP treated sludge but not in other soil treatments. Cadmium concentration in saturation extracts of the soil with MCP sludge decreased while Cd concentration in saturation extracts of the other sludge treatments were much higher throughout the study. Chard yields were higher in the control than in any of the sludge treatments, and the difference was attributed to greater N availability in the control. Cadmium concentration in Swiss chard tissuemore » at harvest was significantly lower from the MCP sludge than from the other sludges. Cadmium concentration in chard tissue was also higher from the aerated sludge (11.9 mmol Cd kg/sup -1/) than from the three acid-extracted sludges (2.58-3.29 mmol Cd kg/sup -1/). No significant difference in the Cd concentration of chard was obtained for the 18.7 and 37.4 ..mu..mol Cd kg/sup -1/ rates of the MCP sludge, while Cd concentrations in chard increased linearly with Cd applied by the other sludges.« less


Today in many articles charge propagation in biopolymers, for example, in DNA, have been modeled with different variants of boundary conditions – free ends or ring. It is assumed that for long chains, the ends practically do not affect the charge dynamics, and this is true in most cases. In this note, we discuss the case when these boundary conditions lead to significantly different results.


According to the serious broken plate failures of cement concrete pavement, in this article from raw materials, construction process, design, test and other aspects discussion and analysis are introduced as well as practical treatment measures.


Objective To detect serum potassium concentrations in effect of β blockers in the early stage of acute myocardial infarction. Methods Eighty-six patients with acute myocardial infarction were divided into 3 groups according to different β blockers usage, compared with 40 patients with stable angina pectoris. Serum potassium and glucose were measured. Results Compared with the other groups, serum potassium in β1 blocker-free group was significantly reduced. Pretreatment with carvedilol had highly significant impact on potassium (P0.01),while pretreatment with other selective β1 blockers had significant impact(P0.05).There were significant negative correlations Serum potassium concentrations showed negative relationship with blood sugar (r=-0.14, P=0.04) and heart rate (r=-0.19, P0.01).Conclusion β blockers carvedilol might prevent the occurrence of low serum potassium in acute myocardial infarction patients in early the stage.


More and more researchers are paying attention to how to efficiently extract high-value scientific research information from electronic medical records recently. The 2019 China Conference on Knowledge Graph and Semantic Computing (CCKS 2019) takes extraction of medical entity and attribute as an open challenge, specifically, extracts three malignant tumorrelated entities or attributes from the Chinese electronic medical records. In this open challenge, we propose a multi neural networks based approach, which consists of a couple of BiLSTM-CRF models and a CNN model for sentence classification. The F1-score obtained on the official test data set by our approach is 76.35%, which rank first in this open challenge. In addition, generalization validation is performed on another data set released by the open challenge organized by the 4 China Health Information Processing Conference (CHIP 2018).


This article presents a comparative study of the socialization of values, norms and practices in various communities around the world. The materials of the study are obtained from the results of the socialization in the family in different countries. In most societies in the world, family holds a central position as the primary agent of socialization. Family has a significant role to prepare individuals in the early period of the development of its members. It is expected that family members have an active role in the community they live in. Values, norms and practices embedded in primary socialization are affected by family background involving ethnic, religion, culture and social strata.


Early development of cryopreserved Chinese yams' (Dioscorea polystachya Turcz) explants were studied under scanning electron microscope (SEM). A combination of vitrification and droplet protocol was implemented with 3 weeks cold acclimation in an alternating temperature of 28°Cday/5°C night and 15% sucrose in the pre-culture medium. Survival in the form of shoot and swelling at the axil or at the near apex of original leaf bud was observed at 3 days after re-culture (rewarming). At 7 days after re-culture, development of new axillary shoot, elongation and enlargement of the surviving green structures as well as addition of new tissues to the previously developed callus at terminal bud were observed. Shoot differentiation from green structures was observed at 16 days after re-culture.


Research Zigbee low-power energy-saving technology is particularly important. Zigbee network itself has the characteristics of low power consumption, the paper in-depth study of CC2530 chip low-power technology based on the proposed new energy-saving mechanism, improve the node life effect is obvious. INTRODUCTION Zigbee wireless sensor network has a wide range of applications. Zigbee has a significant feature is the low power consumption, the so-called low power consumption, that is, Zigbee equipment only 2 batteries for power supply, can be maintained for 6 to 48 months. In the long-term use of the process, due to the battery voltage level down, the actual use of electricity accounted for about 60%. Zigbee network energy savings can reduce the terminal node power consumption. ZIGBEE NETWORK ENERGY SAVING STRATEGY Zigbee's low-power strategy is mainly reflected in the protocol stack layer and Zigbee network topology. Zigbee communication protocol MAC layer and the Network layer has a lot of energy-saving mechanisms. Communication unit of the _______________________ Yingjie Jiang, Mindan Bai. Communication University of China, Information Engineering School, Beijing 100024, China


Background   Psoriasis is a common skin inflammatory disease that affects 2% of the general population. Plaque psoriasis (PP) is its most common variant. In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a non‐invasive, reproducible imaging technique that has proven to give useful information for morphometric evaluation of several inflammatory skin conditions, such as acute contact dermatitis and discoid lupus.


The interannual variability of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) gravity wave momentum flux over southern midlatitudes (53.7°S) has been studied using more than 7 years of meteor radar observations at Río Grande, Argentina. A modulation, with periods similar to that of the equatorial stratospheric quasi‐biennial oscillation (QBO), is observed in the vertical flux of zonal as well as meridional momentum. The QBO signal is largest in the zonal component during summer and is in phase with the stratospheric QBO at 50 hPa (∼21 km). The relation between the stratospheric QBO and the QBO modulation in the MLT gravity wave forcing (derived from the divergence of the momentum flux) was found to be consistent with that expected from the Holton‐Tan effect coupled to the interhemispheric coupling mechanism. These results provide the first observational support for the existence of the midlatitude gravity wave forcing anomalies as hypothesized in the interhemispheric coupling mechanism.


Abstract: Theoretical Particle Astrophysics The research carried out under this grant encompassed work on the early Universe, dark matter, and dark energy. We developed CMB probes for primordial baryon inhomogeneities, primordial non-Gaussianity, cosmic birefringence, gravitational lensing by density perturbations and gravitational waves, and departures from statistical isotropy. We studied the detectability of wiggles in the inflation potential in string-inspired inflation models. We studied novel dark-matter candidates and their phenomenology. This work helped advance the DoE's Cosmic Frontier (and also Energy and Intensity Frontiers) by finding synergies between a variety of different experimental efforts, by developing new searches, science targets, and analyses for existing/forthcoming experiments, and by generating ideas for new next-generation experiments.


An analysis of the island size and separation distributions of Fe islands, observed in the initial stages of growth in the homoepitaxy of Fe on Fe(001) whiskers, shows scaling properties recently predicted in nucleation and growth theories. A critical size of one atom, where islands greater than the critical size undergo irreversible nucleation, is supported by the measured scaling functions for the Fe on Fe system in the temperature range of 20\char21{}250 \ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}C.


Large scale vertically aligned carbon nanotubes(ACNTs)with a uniform length and diameter were prepared by the pyrolysis of iron(Ⅱ)phthalocyanine at a low pressure.The pyrolysis was performed in a dual furnace fitted with independent temperature controller.The morphology and microstructure of ACNTs were analyzed by SEM,FESEM and TEM.The ACNTs have a cylindrical and bamboo-like structure and are multi-walled carbon nanotubus.The influences of parameters such as gas pressure,growth temperature,gas flow rate and the volume ratio of Ar to H2 were studied.We found that ACNTs with best quality could been prepared at a pressure of 5×104 Pa and a higher temperature above 950 ℃.Some properties,such as field emission,capacitor,and sensor electrode of ACNTs were studied and discussed.The results showed a very powerful ability of electron emission with a lower turn-on voltage of 0.67 V·μm-1(I=1 μA),a significant performance of power capacitor and electrical conductivity,which indicated that ACNTs are new highly efficient materials for practical devices application.


Numerical calculations have been performed to study the flowfield of a dual-mode scramjet combustor. Results are obtained with a finite volume CFD code and using unstructured grids. A 3-D dual-mode combustor has been investigated with two different types of fuels. Only half of the physical domain are solved by forcing the symmetry condition at the centerplane of the model. Results are presented for hydrogen combustion and ethylene combustion.


Marcus Gerards delivered his town plan of Bruges in 1562 and managed to capture the imagination of viewers ever since. The 21st-century digitization project MAGIS Brugge, supported by the Flemish government, has helped to treat this map as a primary source worthy of examination itself, rather than as a decorative illustration for local history. A historical database was built on top of it, with the analytic method called 'Digital Thematic Deconstruction.' This enabled scholars to study formally overlooked details, like how it was that Gerards was able to balance the requirements of his patrons against his own needs as an artist and humanist Elien Vernackt * MAGIS Brugge Project * Elien Vernackt graduated in 2011 as Master of Arts in History at Ghent University. Her master thesis treated this map and she worked on the MAGIS Brugge-project for six years, associated to KU Leuven and Musea Brugge. Elien contributed to the development of MAGIS Brugge and guided the input of content and volunteers helping with database entry. Abstract Marcus Gerards slaagde erin om tot de verbeelding te blijven spreken sinds hij zijn plan van Brugge afwerkte in 1562. Dankzij het 21ste-eeuwse digitaliseringsproject MAGIS Brugge, met steun van de Vlaamse Overheid, werd de kaart zelf als primaire bron behandeld, eerder dan als louter decoratieve illustratie voor lokale geschiedenis. Bovenop de kaart werd een historische databank gebouwd met de analytische methode 'Digitale Thematische Deconstructie'. Zo konden onderzoekers details bestuderen die voorheen niet opgemerkt werden, zoals hoe Gerards de wensen van zijn opdrachtgevers kon rijmen met zijn eigen noden als kunstenaar en humanist. Vernackt – MAGIS Brugge 27 ARTL@S BULLETIN, Vol. 7, Issue 2 (Fall 2018) Cartographic Styles and Discourse Introduction The history of Bruges has long fascinated generations of researchers, in no small part because the town seems to have partially skipped industrial revolution and has often been considered a unique remnant of the middle ages, in its entirety.1 Books such as Bruges-la-morte (1892) by novelist Georges Rodenbach helped to create a hazy atmosphere around Bruges and a curious attraction to this mysterious place.2 As historiography took a turn at the beginning of Belgium's existence, around and after 1830, so the gem called Bruges was 'rediscovered,' although it had of course never been lost. Publications about the history of Bruges were written one after another, often in the form of travel guides. This includes, for instance, Alexandre Ferrier de Tourettes' Description historique et topographique de la ville de Bruges of 1836 and Joseph Buffa's 1841 album with engravings and lithographs.3 Subsequent publications by Octave Delepierre (1840), James Weale (1884) and Alexandre Hannotiau's 1894 homage to the city count among the various 19th-century books that opened up the history of the so-called Venice of the north to a larger public.4 Swept up in this stream of publications is a significant map of Bruges from 1562, made by the artist Marcus Gerards (Marcus Gheeraerts the Elder, 1521-1587). Frequently, authors like Adolf Duclos (1910) used this sixteenth-century map to illustrate the town's written history.5 Gerards' bird's-eye view shows Bruges in astonishing detail, with an enormous amount of information fit into the large print made up of 10 plates together measuring 1 by 1.7 meters in total. However, Duclos and others have typically used the map as an image to support their texts, which is to say that it has always remained subordinate to the historical research written in the text. Moreover, the map, 1 Abe de Jong, Beurzen van België: Een geschiedenis van het beurswezen 1801-1867 (Leuven: Leuven University Press, 2011), 149. 2 Georges Rodenbach and Henri Paillard, Bruges-la-morte (Paris: Marpon & Flammarion, 1892). 3 Alexandre Ferrier de Tourettes, Description historique et topographique de la ville de Bruges (Brugge : Louis Hauman et Cie, 1836) and Joseph Buffa (ed.), Louis Ghemar (ill.) and Henri Borremans (ill.), Bruges (Brugge: Buffa, 1841). 4 Octave Delepierre, Guide dans Bruges, ou description des monuments curieux et des objets d'art que renferme cette ville (Brugge : Bogaert-Dumortier, 1840) and James W.H. Weale, Bruges et ses environs (Brugge : Desclée, De Brouwer et Cie, 1884). functioning as an adornment, continues to be wellknown in and around Bruges as a fixture in modern publications, as well as serving as a popular decorative adornment for the hallways, living rooms, studies, and waiting rooms of the town's residents today. Only recently has a growing interest in iconographic sources finally secured a long-overdue position for Gerards' map as a primary document unto itself, leading to fresh discoveries about the artist, his cartographic strategies, and fascinating details about historical Bruges. The present article considers Gerards' map through the lens of a contemporary digitization project called MAGIS Brugge. This project is the brainchild of two researchers from Ghent University (Belgium), Dr. Bram Vannieuwenhuyze and Dr. Jan Dumolyn, who were inspired by the 1562 town view. MAGIS stands for MArcus Gerards Information System. Using a newly developed visualization method, Gerards' map was entirely digitized to serve as a base for a dynamic knowledge platform on the history of Bruges.6 MAGIS Brugge—or 'magical Bruges' as it might be loosely translated—began in 2012. The project is a partnership between the Musea Brugge, the City Archives of Bruges, and three universities: the University of Ghent, the KU Leuven, and the Vrije Universiteit Brussel. Dr. Vannieuwenhuyze was interested in historic cartography when he developed a new method of analysis for the digitization of historical maps in his dissertation on the medieval development of Brussels.7 Dr. Jan Dumolyn specialized in the medieval history of Bruges, having been born and raised there himself. Both knew Gerards' town plan of Bruges; putting their knowledge together they realized that much more could be done with this valuable historical source beyond its sole function as an illustration. Alexandre Hannotiau and Emile Verhaeren, Villes mortes, Bruges: onze lithographies originales [avec un] hommage à Bruges (Brussel : Lammertin, 1894). See too Adolf Duclos, Bruges en trois jours : promenade dans la Venise du Nord avec 5 cartes et plusieurs gravures (Brugge : F. Claeys & Van De Vyvere-Petit, 1883). 5 Adolf Juliaan Duclos, Bruges: histoire et souvenirs : avec huit cartes ou plans hors texte et 314 photogravures (Brugge : Van De Vyvere-Petit, 1910), 41. 6 The database can be consulted in Dutch at www.kaartenhuisbrugge.be/magis or www.magisbrugge.be. 7 Bram Vannieuwenhuyze, Brussel, de ontwikkeling van een middeleeuwse stedelijke ruimte (Gent: unpublished PhD-dissertation, 2008). Vernackt – MAGIS Brugge 28 Cartographic Styles and Discourse ARTL@S BULLETIN, Vol. 7, Issue 2 (Fall 2018) Indeed, the MAGIS Brugge project has shown how the map contains an almost inexhaustible wealth of information. The MAGIS Brugge project has allowed scholars, like myself, to identify specific value in Gerards' masterpiece as a historical source. Because of certain distortions, this particular town plan of Bruges has often been considered unreliable. Although proportions are not always accurate and Gerards clearly exaggerates aspects of the representation, the project has helped to show that through spatial and historical cross-referencing, as well as a decent portion of common sense and a critical approach, scholars can countervail such manipulations. Although this bird's-eye view has been mostly appreciated only for its decorative value, MAGIS Brugge has helped to transport the attentive and critical viewer back to a sixteenthcentury town. Through this digitization project, the scholar is offered a view onto the socio-spatial realities of later 16th-century Bruges, as styled by the hand of its mapmaker. The aim of this article is therefore to demonstrate how digital mapping can help to make sense of a traditional map like Gerards' plan of 1562 and how one might get the most out of it as a historical source. I first contextualize the work by considering the artist, Marcus Gerards, his motivations, and his approach to creating the image. The second part of this article explains the MAGIS Brugge project, including how the map was digitized and the benefits of the process. Finally, I discuss a special selection of fascinating details made visible through the MAGIS Brugge project. Thus, the reader will see how a modern lens can help to identify just what makes this map this extraordinary. A Foundational Map and its Maker The fundament of the 21st-century digitization project first proposed to the Bruggemuseum by 8 Albert Schouteet, De zestiende-eeuwsche schilder en graveur Marcus Gerards (Brugge: Gidsenbond, 1941), 4-5; Anne van Oosterwijk, ed., Forgotten Masters: Pieter Pourbus and Bruges Painting from 1525 to 1625 (Gent: Snoeck Publishers, 2018), 177. 9 Elien Vernackt, "De stedelijke gelaagdheid in de Brugse zestendelen Sint-Jan en Carmers in de zestiende eeuw aan de hand van het stadsplan van Marcus Gerards: Vannieuwenhuyze and Dumolyn lies of course in the sixteenth century, and in the contextual history of the mapmaker and his cartographic view of Bruges. Both the man and the map were naturally products of their time, engaged within larger social and artistic networks that stretched well beyond the town limits. Marcus Gerards, also called Marcus Gheeraerts the Elder, was born in Bruges in 1521. As his father, Egbert Gerards, was a painter, Marcus seems to have been fated to become a painter as well. Nevertheless, Egbert was not able to pass on his skills to his son as he died at quite a young age. It was his stepfather, Simon Pieters, also a painter, who piloted him into the admirable profession.8 Surprisingly, it was only in 1558 that Marcus Gerards was registered in Bruges's images-ma


Objective: To determine the incidence rate of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak after translabyrinthine vestibular schwannoma surgery since the alteration of the surgical procedure. To compare with previous series and other series in literature. Study Desig: Database analysis. Setting: Tertiary referral neurotologic private practice. Patients: A series of 1,803 patients who underwent translabyrinthine vestibular schwannoma surgery between 1993 and 2009. The result of this group was compared with corresponding series. Intervention: Translabyrinthine and extended translabyrinthine vestibular schwannoma surgery. Literature review and comparison. Main Outcome Measures: Rates of CSF leak in this series and historical perspective of the outcome. Results: Fifteen patients (0.8%) of 1,803 cases had CSF leaks. The method used since 1993 has shown a significant improvement compared with major case series of the last 10 years. Conclusion: The methods used in translabyrinthine vestibular schwannoma surgery in our center can reduce CSF leakage to an absolute minimum. Compared with all large series, this could be a new era of translabyrinthine vestibular schwannoma surgery.


The object of our study is a cirque glacier located in an alpine-type terrain near Mount Chersky in the Baikalsky Ridge, about 18 km to the west of the northern basin of Lake Baikal (Russia). We analysed a sediment record from the pro-glacial Lake Gitara of this glacier by X-ray fluorescent technique with synchrotron radiation (equipment of Multiple Access Centre SSTRC within the framework of State Contract 16.552.11.7044) at 1 mm scan resolution. The depth–age model of the core was constructed by 210Pb and 137Cs activity using the constant rate of supply model. The intensity of the glacier fluctuation for the last 160 years was calculated from the ratio of terrigenous elements supplied into Lake Gitara with meltwater. We defined five (c. 1880, 1905, 1918, 1950 and from 1968 to the present) significant periods of increased glacier flow for the last 160 years. The periods centred on 1905 and 1918 were probably characterised by the advance of the glacier, while its retreat was recorded in c. 1880, 1950 and from 1968 to the present.


Histone acetylation is an important determinant of chromatin organization and gene expression. The nucleosome is the basic repeating unit of chromatin structure and consists of a 146 base pairs of ...


The concept of discretion after the enactment of the Law on Government Administration, changed from the concept of free and independent discretion to bound and procedural discretion. This study aims to find out and analyze a paradigmatic study of the concept of government officials' discretion in Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative method with a normative juridical approach and is presented in a descriptive analytical form. The concept of discretion in Indonesia in the paradigmatic study shows that there has been a shift from the meaning of discretion from the interpretivism paradigm which means that discretion is carried out freely and independently, into discretion in the postpositivism paradigm which emphasizes limited and bound discretion. The concept of discretion in Indonesia must be returned to the paradigm of interpretivism. that discretion is a free action from the government in order to realize its duty to realize the welfare of society without any complicated procedural elements full of conditions. The policy makers should return the discretion to the original understanding so that there is no government stagnation, which is contrary to the objectives of the welfare state.


The clinical encounter with a patient who is suffering from chronic pain and a psychiatric disorder is challenging. This can become a clinical conundrum if the patient has a different cultural background than the physician and says he or she has a mysterious culture-bound syndrome. This chapter discusses a Quichua-Inca illness experience called Jaki, a frequent condition that is well-known by millions of Quichua patients in the Andes, South America. Biomedically trained doctors usually dismiss it as a condition without any medical importance experienced by superstitious and primitive people. In contrast, Jaki patients believe it is a complex and threatening illness that could lead to death. They recognize four types of Jaki and believe the causes are related to "evil spirits" and that proper treatment should address them. The author conducted a transcultural psychiatry study showing that most Jaki patients are suffering from depression, anxiety, somatoform disorders, psychological factors affecting a physical condition, and adjustment disorders. Jaki patients are suffering indeed from comorbid chronic pain and psychiatric disorders. The chapter concludes with clinical recommendations for the practitioner who is willing to avoid racial bias, improve cultural competency, and offer culturally sensitive and better quality medical care.


The current business plan has the intention of creating an importing company of accessories of weddings in Cumbaya, which is going to sell a wide range of details that complements the wedding dreamed of the Ecuadoran woman who has the illusion of marrying. The project is orientated to offer variety of products imported from quality, exclusivity, and constants innovation. In Quito the weddings organization is starting and is a market that needs to be exploited. The opportunity of the project is to specialize in the weddings market, providing variety and exclusivity for the requirements of girlfriends and boyfriends. The industry of the trade in 2010 grew 4.19% and with sales of 65 650 millions of dollars according to source of the Banco Central del Ecuador. The competitive advantage of this business plan is based on the differentiation of the imported ultramodern products accompanied of the added value, which is to offer an agile and complete service in order that the clients obtain for what they look without delays and client feels free to make the purchase without stress time you like, by whatever means will be easier, by e-mail, social networks, text messages or calls. The market segment goes to men and women that there are bachelors, divorced, in free union and widowers, of a medium-high social economic level of the North of Quito, Valle de los Chillos, Cumbaya and Tumbaco, from 25 to 45 years, which are planning his weddings. The target market they are those who want to make real their dream wedding, they come from traditional families and from good customs, look for a unique style, to be different and the exclusive to give the touch that enhances your wedding and have no money constraints. To begin the project, there is needed an initial investment of 76,068.38 USD, with 35 % contribution of partners and 65 % financed with bank credit. From the commercial point, through market research done, the business shows an attraction and from the perspective of the financial analysis it shows profitability with an Internal Rate of Return for the investor of 43.41 % and Net Present Value of 173,410.66 USD, which can prove the viability of the business plan to implement the company Weddings and Accessories.


Of late India–South Korea relations have witnessed an upswing with the elevation of bilateral relation to Special Strategic Partnership (SSP) in 2015. Explaining the context and developments in bilateral relations, the article observes that the new momentum articulated in SSP constitutes a convergence of interests through the meeting of India's 'Act East Policy' and South Korea's 'New Southern Policy'. The growing cooperation in defence, security, development, industry and a shared vision for regional order has visibly enhanced the scope and depth of the strategic partnership between the two countries, however, not without challenges in the emerging Indo-Pacific regional context.


Professional disadaptation is considered as a crisis of personal-professional development and integral quality of a deviant personality with a disorder of adaptive behaviour responses. Deviative tendencies are described as manifestations of pathocharacterological traits, loss of professionally important qualities and deviation from professional norms (standards). Constructive overcoming the crisis is possible in the process of organizational learning or retraining. For the prevention and correction of negative phenomena of professional life the author suggests using reflective-creative workshop.It is aimed at leveling the destructive behaviour patterns and non-constructive coping strategies, as well at harmonizing of the style of professional activities in general.The accent is made on the development of professional reflection and anticipation during quasi-professional activity that reproduces what happens in real situations of professional life.


This research studies the alternative way of electricity generating from the waste heat of economy oven by using 4 modules of thermoelectric modules. The hot side of thermoelectric module is attached to the heat plate while the cold side is installed on the rectangular, plate-fin heat exchanger. Variety of system adjustments were used during this study in terms of finding the maximum electric power rate. Adjusting the heating value and the electrical resistance to the thermoelectric was the procedure in this study. From the research, we found out that at the temperature of 200°C on the heat pad, the released maximum electric current was 4.5 W. The percentage of heat converting to electric current was 11.9%, with the 0.84 A and 5.35 V. The efficiency of the economy oven was 23.20%, and comes up to 23.39% while generating power via thermoelectric module.


Abstract: Main objective of this review is to analyse potential sources of pollution, constituents, consumer health risks related to contaminated drinking water, and remediation strategies. Dug wells with poorly protected well mouth-covering or unlined wells are more susceptible to biological and chemical contamination. Physical irregularities in the lining and covering of the well act as a door to the entry of pollutants into the well. Residential, municipal, commercial, industrial, and agricultural activities can have an impact on ground water quality. Agriculture is one of the most common human activities that have an impact on both surface and groundwater. Water resource quality is determined by geological characteristics such as soil kinds, topography slope, plant roots, water dissolution with minerals/soils, and the radioactive decay of elements. Septic tanks, pit latrines, and sewer systems are the main source of faecal contamination in the groundwater system. Pesticides, fertilisers, and livestock dung frequently introduce heavy metals into aquifers, posing a direct hazard to human health. Waterborne diseases such as diarrhoea, cholera, syphilis, and typhoid have been linked to a lack of adequate water. Drinking water containing various anions and heavy metals, such as Cd, Cr, Co, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn, and others, has a substantial negative impact on human health. Drinking water treatment removes impurities from the source water, making it safe to drink. The long-term goal of decontamination is to detect and remove hazardous compounds from water cost-effectively and reliably.


Screening technology has become highly advanced during past few decades. This research emphasizes on the use of hybrid modulated(XMS) and digitally modulated screening (DMS) on different grades of paper for evaluating quality parameter. The purpose of thisresearch is to determine the significant differences that exist in measurable print attribute Delta E at 25%, 50% and 75% tint printed bymulticolor sheet-fed offset printing process using XM and DM screening. The experiment is conducted using FOGRA39/ PSO standard.The master of 44.5×29.5 cm output is prepared by incorporating quality measuring parameters and printed in KCMY color sequenceon different paper types by RYOBI 524HX Sheet fed offset process using XM and DM screening technologies. During test, around 150sheets were printed to achieve target Solid Ink density value (+ 0.05). Once the density values were achieved according to standard SIDvalues, next 50 sheets were printed, measured and evaluated. Delta E is used to determine the color difference perceived by humaneye. The color values are specified in the Lab color space. To achieve quality in printing the grey component must be adjusted so thatchromatic CMY values are matched with achromatic in print (grey balance correction).


Abstract Despite the growing literature on sea level rise (SLR), the current understanding of how SLR risks influence postdisaster relocation remains limited. This paper addresses this knowledge gap by examining how local leaders (i.e., public officials and community leaders) perceive: (a) resident relocation decisions in a disaster-affected community that is also vulnerable to SLR; and (b) the role of SLR in residents' relocation decisions. Based on the case of Monroe County, Florida, which was affected by Hurricane Irma in 2017, our findings suggest that local leaders perceive residents' relocation decisions as being driven by predisaster challenges that were exacerbated by conditions in the aftermath of the hurricane—specifically: the lack of affordable housing, low wages, and high cost of living. Leaders believe that SLR-related risks have little/no direct influence on relocation decisions; instead, they suggest that the community's focus is on the next storm and community members' short-term needs.


Sang Soo Han,1 Hyun Jung,2 Dong Hyun Jung,3,* Seung-Hoon Choi,3 and Noejung Park2,† 1Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejon, 305-340, Korea 2Interdisciplinary School of Green Energy and Low Dimensional Carbon Materials Center, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 689-798, Korea 3Insilicotech Co., Ltd., C602, Korea Bio Park, 694-1, Sampyeong-dong, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-400, Korea (Received 23 October 2010; revised manuscript received 22 March 2012; published 4 April 2012)


Penicilliumitalicum and P. digitatum are the main fungal diseases capable of developing resistance to a wide variety of compounds fungicides of synthesis.
This research project is interested in the study of the antifungal activity of a new product said Perydoxan against two phytopathogenic fungi Penicilliumitalicum and P. digitatum attacking the fruits of Citrus fruit in conservation of the Gharb region (Morocco). Different concentrations of Perydoxan have been tested for their inhibitory effects of the mycelial growth and spore germination in vitro and in vivo of P. italicum, and P. digitatum. In addition the mycelial growth of P. italicum was inhibited 100% at the dose of 2.5%. While the germination of the spores of P. digitatum was inhibited to 100% at the dose of 1.5% and for a duration of contact of 25min. This study shows that the Perydroxan presents a significant efficiency on the growth mycilienne and germination of the spores of fungi P. italicum and P. digitaum.


Annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma (AEGCG) is a rare granulomatous skin disease characterised by small papules that evolve into annular/polycyclic plaques. Plaques typically have a slightly raised border; the centre may be hypopigmented and/or atrophic. Lesions are usually located on sun-exposed areas such as the face and the neck (1, 2). Histologically, AEGCG is associated with multinucleated giant cell infiltrate, elastolysis, and elastophagocytosis, localised mainly in the mid-dermis. Elastophagocytosis is considered to be brought on by one or more triggers, which leads to the loss of elastic fibres (3); in AEGCG, the possible triggers include ultraviolet radiation, heat, or other unknown factors that induce a cellular immune response (4). AEGCG is often refractory to any treatment, and no standard therapy has been established (5). Here, we report a case of AEGCG that improved after 11 weeks of treatment with oral minocycline hydrochloride.


Data obtained from Apollo 16 surface samples as well a s those obtained ear l ie r for Apollo 12, 14 and 15 core and scoop grains a re discussed in t e rms of a simplified model of mixing due to micrometeoroid bombardment. Based on this linear excavation model, the expected variation of the parameter N ~ / N , the fraction of grains irradiated on the surface, a s a function of exposure time, has been determined using the micrometeoroid c ra te r formation ra tes of Horz, Hartung and Gault ( 3 ) observed for lunar rocks.


The potencies as to therapeutic and toxic effects of several digitoxin preparations were comparatively determined by the biological methods. The digitoxin preparation which contained gitoxin was less toxic than the pure, in which there was, however, no obvious difference in the therapeutic effect between them. Therefore, the standardization of digitoxin preparations should be carefully undertaken with the biological methods in various ways, not of a single sort.


A technique is described for locking a rf spectrometer to a pure quadrupole resonance signal. Since the quadrupole resonance frequency of a nucleus in a solid can be quite sensitive to changes in temperature and pressure, a quadrupole resonance signal is of potential interest in the measurement of these variables. The application of a locked rf spectrometer as a precise nuclear resonance thermometer is evaluated using the 35Cl resonance of KClO3 powder. The precision of this device as a thermometer is about ±0.002°K, and the system is capable of tracking a temperature change of at least 2°K/min. The locked quadrupole spectrometer appears to have promise as an absolute temperature standard.


We introduce certain q -deformations of the binomial distribution and the Poisson distribution by virtue of q -deformed sequences of orthogonal polynomials. They correspond to the case of free independence for q = 0, and are reduced to the usual commutative case when q = 1. Furthermore, we determine the probability measure for a q -deformed Poisson distribution by using the formulae for the Al-Salam-Chihara polynomials of Askey and Ismail.


We present a hardware description language (currently called "HaSCoL") which is based on both reliable and unreliable message passing and implicit pipelining of message handlers. The language consists of a small core and a number of extensions, which cover many features of high level software languages as well as high level hardware description languages (HDLs). These extensions have simple projections into the core language and allow compact and concise description of complex algorithms. The core language in turn can be converted into efficient VHDL. We discuss place-and-route results for some benchmarks implemented both in HaSCoL and VHDL and suggest an optimization which should improve the results significantly and make them close to those for hand-coded VHDL.


A 47-year-old female presented sudden loss of consciousness. On the arrival of the medical team the initial cardiac rhythm was ventricular fibrillation, which was successfully treated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and electric defibrillation. Her ECG on admission is shown below (fig. 1). A transthoracic echocardiogram showed a severely dilated and akinetic right ventricle (RV) as well as a severely hypokinetic left ventricle (fig. 2). Pulmonary embolism complicated with sudden cardiac death was suspected, and the patient was treated by intravenous thrombolysis. Do you agree with the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism? What is your interpretation of the ECG? THE INTERESTING ECG