Born into nobility, but rather harsh financial circumstances, on February 18, 1745, in Como, Italy, Alessandro Volta (Fig. 1) would come to electrify the world with his intellect and accomplishments. His father would die in debt and had so squandered the patrimony that his family lived in poverty, which later prompted Volta to conclude, "I was actually poorer than poor."1 His intellectual capacity was initially suspect as he was mute until age four, when he vigorously uttered "NO" to register his dissenting opinion on a planned family activity. His household soon recognized that they had a real intellectual jewel in their midst. From this most inauspicious genesis, Volta was feted in his lifetime as "one of the greatest leaders of thought, not alone in electricity, but in all departments of the physical sciences."1 Curiously, the founding fathers of electricity were mostly clergyman. Though extremely religious, Volta was one of the first nonclerical pioneers to devote his life to electricity and the associated physical sciences. Poverty so penetrated his existence that his education was secured only through the fortuitous clerical positions of his uncles and the Jesuit Colleges' fee structure. One uncle was a canon, the other an archdeacon of the Cathedral, and the college required no tuition, subsisting on support from foundations. His uncles and the Jesuit priests provided living expenses. This juxtaposition of religion and education was a strong influence on Volta's formative years, extending the theme of the role of the church in the early days of electrical evolution. In the sixth decade of his life, Volta felt moved to pen an eloquent confession of faith that provided an imposing rebuttal to the notion that one "cannot be a great scientist and firm believer in religion."1 By age seven, Volta's academic promise was evident. Family friends provided assistance to obtain mundane items such as copybooks for school. As was not too unconventional in the tenor of the times, his college education was essentially completed at age 16. He had a tendency to daydream in school and was frequently distracted. As a "mere boy he often asked questions with regard to natural phenomena that were puzzlers to his masters, and sometimes complained of their lack of knowledge."1 He proved to be a quick study, impatient with those who had less talent. He was fluent in six languages, was a seeker of knowledge, and developed a love of the classics with a particular fondness for poetry. He penned a poem, in Latin, of about five hundred verses, concerning the life and work of Joseph Priestly, the discoverer of oxygen. He briefly flirted with a notion to enter the Jesuit Order, a plan nixed by his family. His uncles removed him from the Jesuit school and sent him to the Seminary at Benzi. There he acquiesced to his family's wishes, abandoning the route to priesthood. He briefly studyed law; then he exerted his will and devoted himself to the study of the natural sciences. Again, the role of the men of cloth played a hand in the fate of the electrical sciences. Father Gattoni, a canon at the Cathedral of Como, had been a student with Volta and shared his fascination with the natural sciences. Gattoni, being well off and recognizing Volta's potential as a brilliant experimenter, provided both the emotional and financial spark that allowed them both to carry out their investigations. It was here on the shores of Lake Como that the experimental groundwork for modern electrical science blossomed. Volta was an intense and devoted investigator, foregoing sleep, food, and companionship once he became engrossed in a problem. Friends found him an unusual travel companion, so distracted was he by his work and constantly preoccupied with reconciling his theories with experimental proof. Volta published his first paper on electricity at age 24 in 1769. However, a letter he wrote at age 19 to Abbe Nollet, the day's leading scientist on electricity, showed that Volta already had a firm theoretical grasp of electrical phenomena. He presciently postulated that all bodies had electrical substance Clin. Cardiol. 25, 541–543 (2002)


In order to remain stability of systems in the case of stochastic actuator faults, the problem of reliable passive control for a class of delayed linear singular systems with actuator stochastic faults is investigated in this paper. The criteria on the existence of reliable controller and the design method of state-feedback controller are derived, under which the resultant closed-loop systems are admissible and passive with desired dissipation by using Lyapunov stability theory, LMI technique and cone complementarity linearization algorithm. Finally, an example and their simulations are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the approach proposed in this paper.


Multiply scattered waves are often neglected in imaging methods, largely because of the inability of standard algorithms to deal with the associated non-linear models. This paper shows that by incorporating a known environment into the background model, we not only retain the benefits of imaging techniques based on linear models, but also obtain different views of the target scatterer. The net result is an enhanced angular resolution of the target to be imaged. We carry out our analysis in the context of high-frequency radar imaging, in which a steerable beam from a moving platform is used to produce an image of a region on the earth's surface (the target scatterers being buildings, etc). We consider the case where the target we want to image is situated in the vicinity of an a priori known reflecting wall. This is one of the simplest possible multipathing environments for the scatterer, and in the case when the illuminating beam is narrow enough to isolate different scattering paths, we will show that the imaging process achieves enhanced angular resolution. Although we carry out our analysis here in the context of radar, our technique is general enough that it can be adapted to many imaging modalities, such as acoustics, ultrasound, elasticity, etc. The extension of the method to other more complicated environments is also possible.


The lack of time-reversal symmetry and Weyl fermions give exotic transport properties to Cobased Heusler alloys. In the present study, we have investigated the role of chemical disorder on the variation of Weyl points in Co2Ti 1-xVxSn magnetic Weyl semimetal candidate. We employ the first principle approach to track the evolution of the nodal lines responsible for the appearance of Weyl node in Co2TiSn as a function of V substitution in place of Ti. By increasing the V concentration in place of Ti, the nodal line moves toward Fermi level and remains at Fermi level around the middle composition. Further increase of the V content, leads shifting of nodal line away from Fermi level. Density of state calculation shows half-metallic behavior for the entire range of composition. The magnetic moment on each Co atom as a function of V concentration increases linearly up to x=0.4, and after that, it starts decreasing. We also investigated the evolution of the Weyl nodes and Fermi arcs with chemical doping. The first-principles calculations reveal that via replacing almost half of the Ti with V, the intrinsic anomalous Hall conductivity increased twice as compared to the undoped composition. Our results indicate that the composition close to the 50% V doped Co2TiSn, will be an ideal composition for the experimental investigation of Weyl physics.


2 President's message
3 News
4 People and events
6 Awards and scholarships
8 ANZCA Council Meeting report
9 Annual General Meeting minutes
12 ASM Cairns Wrap
20 The Future of Anaesthesia
30 Private practice: improving patient care
34 In the field: Dr Gavin Pattullo
36 Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine roundtable
41 Profile: Dr Vanessa Beavis
42 Profile: Dr Tony Richards
43 The ANZCA Foundation
46 Quality and Safety news
50 Successful Candidates 2009
56 CanMEDS Curriculum Framework
59 Continuing Professional Development
62 Library update
65 Regions
70 New Zealand news
76 Joint Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine
83 Faculty of Pain Medicine
94 Obituary
95 Professional documents
98 Future meetings


Organizations require a unified view of business processes and organizational data for the improvement of their daily operations. However, it is infrequent for both kinds of data to be consistently unified. Organizational data (e.g., clients, orders, and payments) is usually stored in many different data sources. Process data (e.g., cases, activity in- stances, and variables) is generally handled manually or implicit in information systems and coupled with organizational data without clear separation. It impairs the combined application of process mining and data mining techniques for a complete evaluation of their business process execution. In this paper, we deal with the integration of both kinds of data into a unified view. First, we analyze data integration scenarios and data matching problems considering intra-organizational and inter-organizational collaborative business processes. We also propose a model-driven approach to integrate several data sources, generating a unified model for evidence-based business intelligence.


the mineral shows a slightly lower birefringence than those reported by Smith et al. (1949) and Runnells (1964). X-ray fluorescence examination confirmed the presence of an appreciable amount of barium in the sample. The fact that cymrite has been recorded in rather similar geological environments in two adjacent areas in Alaska as well as in New Zealand suggests that it may well be more widespread in analogous rocks.


Molecular dipole moment in liquid water is an intriguing property, partly due to the fact that there is no unique way to partition the total electron density into individual molecular contributions. The prevailing method to circumvent this problem is to use maximally localized Wannier functions, which perform a unitary transformation of the occupied molecular orbitals by minimizing the spread function of Boys. Here we revisit this problem using a data-driven approach satisfying two physical constraints, namely: i) The displacement of the atomic charges is proportional to the Berry phase polarization; ii) Each water molecule has a formal charge of zero. It turns out that the distribution of molecular dipole moments in liquid water inferred from latent variables is surprisingly similar to that obtained from maximally localized Wannier functions. Apart from putting a maximum-likelihood footnote to the established method, this work highlights the capability of graph convolution based charge models and the importance of physical constraints on improving the interpretability.


The study dealt with the notion that the style of communication of behavioral interventions affected their degree of understanding and social acceptability. For behavior therapists, we found that t...


In this paper, we examine firms' capital structure adjustment behavior and estimate their "speed of adjustment" toward optimal leverage ratios by employing a dynamic, partial adjustment model. We find that sample firms on an average offset half of the deviation from their target leverage ratios in less than one and half (1.41) years. Such evidence suggests optimal capital structure behavior among sample firms. Further, we report cross sectional heterogeneity and asymmetry in speed of adjustment estimates, resulting from varied leverage adjustment costs across the sample firms. We find higher speed of adjustment estimates among larger sample firms suggesting higher leverage adjustment costs for smaller firms. Business group affiliation does not seem to influence the costs of sample firms' leverage adjustment. Over-levered firms report higher speed of adjustment estimates, suggesting that sample firms do not consider debt financing as a "disciplining mechanism" for managers. Further, we find lower speed of adjustment estimates for sample firms with higher cash flow, implying that Indian markets do not actively accommodate firms' cash flow needs. Thus, our findings reveal complex asymmetric information problems and consequent varied leverage adjustment costs among emerging market firms.


When analyzing the spectrums of a pulse series vs the periodic signals, there is an interesting phenomenon ,that the energy of pulse series is distributed in a more broad band than that of the periodic signals. So we can describe, recognize and estimate the pulse series energy by the higher frequency truncation error or remainder of the decomposing formula, at the same time ,the periodic signals should be filtered away,which could also be named as Gibbs Phenomenon. This smart technique is of significant value to the machine diagnosis,especially to evaluate the tiny faults in early stage of a bearing failure process.


ABSTRACT The Defence and Security Procurement Directive (DSDP) is the first supranational policy in the Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) and represents a departure from the standard understanding of the CSDP as intergovernmental. Whilst the member states were initially against such an initiative, the Defence Directive was eventually proposed in the Council in 2007 and accepted in July 2009. This paper examines why European Union member states changed their position on the proposal for a DSDP between 2004 and 2007. The analysis builds upon two hypotheses that aim to account for this change in position. Providing new insight into the views of the member states, the study finds that the member states accepted the Directive due to a sense of obligation to respect internal market rules, and further discusses the theoretical implications of these findings.


Departament of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Directed Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), D'Or Institute for Research and Education (IDOR), Hospital Das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, Hospital Sirio Libanes, São Paulo, Brazil, Brazilian Biosciences National Laboratory (LNBio), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy andMaterials (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cancer Biology, Office of Research Core Administration (ORCA), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States, Department of Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Spatial Biology Core (SBC) Facility, Charlottesville, VA, United States


M. Bakhtin claims that the representation of events, relations and processes by the novel must embrace the totality of an epoch – it must present a peculiar space and temporal concatenation, which is expressed literarily. This idea contain the main elements to understand and analyze of the novel Leite derramado by Chico Buarque, published in 2009, which is the object of this study. The narrative figures at least two main epochs of the Brazilian history: the first starts in the 19th century and reaches the 1930s, the other starts at this time and reaches the beginning of the 21st century. It represents the historical saga of the decadence of a social category (a part of the dominant class), personified by the family Assumpcao, its ethical and cultural values, its world conceptions and its behavior. The narrative also stylizes the social and moral dissolution of this family and puts many problems – from human and existential problems to historical and political ones – to be pondered by the reader.


Objective: To prepare prostaglandin E1 microemulsion and investigate its skin permeability.Methods: The permeation of prostaglandin E1 from microemulsion and cream through mouse skin was evaluated using modified Franz diffusion cells.In addition,the effects of azone and ethanolamine on the permeation of prostaglandin E1 from microemulsion were investigated.The influence of azone in combination with ethanolamine on the permeation of prostaglandin E1 from microemulsion was also investigated.Results: The permeation rate of the prostaglandin E1 microemulsion was significantly higher than that of the prostaglandin E1 cream(P0.01).Azone and ethanolamine enhanced the permeation rate of prostaglandin E1 significantly compared with the control(P0.01).The permeation rate of prostaglandin E1 was also significantly increased when azone and ethanolamine were added.The highest permeation rate was observed with ethanolamine.Conclusion: The prostaglandin E1 microemulsion possesses a high permeation rate,and may be a promising transdermal delivery system.


Eighty-eight of the 255 Diospyros species from Madagascar are potential sources of ebony wood. Unfortunately, several species are currently threatened with extinction due in part to illegal and unsustainable logging. Reliable identification of living Diospyros species is necessary prior to any sustainable exploitation, so as not to compromise those species threatened with extinction. This study aims to identify features that might contribute to supporting taxonomic studies and to provide a complementary tool for the identification of standing trees. Fifteen species of Diospyros endemic to Madagascar were studied using standard anatomical methods. Each species showed a different shape of the leaf midrib and some have distinctive leaf anatomical characteristics, such as the presence of extrafloral nectaries in the distal part of the petiole in Diospyros baronii and filiform sclerenchyma in the mesophyll in Diospyros lewisiae. Statistical analysis showed that petiole and midrib vascular patterns, spongy parenchyma structure, the presence of papillae, thickness of epidermis, presence of extrafloral nectaries, stratification of epidermis, and presence of a cuticle are useful to distinguish species groups and even some species. The anatomy of young stems and leaves of Diospyros species from Madagascar is examined for the first time; the study will be extended to other potentially exploitable species.


We make many little choices every day. Do I have time to stop for coffee on the way to work? Should I wash my hair today or tomorrow? Heels or flats? Ranch or vinaigrette? Imagine if someone else made all of these little choices for you.


Compound or salt thereof of the formula (Y1) or Formula (Y2) (in the formula, the RX may be substituted carbocyclic ring lower alkyl group) as shown, using the formula (X4) (in the formula, R1d is hydrogen, halogen, R2d is hydrogen, may be substituted with a lower alkyl group substituted by E and the like, R4d group which may be substituted with a lower alkyl group substituted by E and the like, and R6d group which may be substituted with a lower alkyl group substituted with E group, etc.) a new manufacturing method shown pyridone derivative.


A tomographic method using tangential visible light is proposed for MHD equilibrium reconstruction via two processes. The first process is a tomographic method to estimate the last-closed-flux-surface (LCFS) in two-dimensional poloidal cross-section using a single tangential camera image. Applying the Laplacian eigenfunction series expansion and L 1 regularization, we can reconstruct the LCFS from relatively sparse and noisy observations. The second method is a free-boundary tokamak equilibrium calculation using the TASK / EQU code, in which we use the estimated plasma surface information as the constraints for the equilibrium calculation. As a result, we develop a new method for identifying equilibrium states using visible light information.


The present invention relates to a method of presenting network search information, a device for presenting network search information, and a software storage medium storing related software. An embodiment of the present invention provides a method of presenting network search information, including: receiving first network location information selected or input from a user; receiving second network location information selected or input from a user through a web page of the first network location information; and visually presenting, as first network search information, a first node indicating the first network location information, the relationship indicator between the first network location information and the second network location information, and a second node indicating the second network location information.


This paper introduces the client relationship management of telecom industry based on knowledge mining, and probes into the application of knowledge mining in the client relationship management from the angles of potential users, business flow and customer behavior.


The NOAA Environmental Technology Laboratory deployed its portable cloud observatory (NPCO) at the Eastern ground site near Miami, Florida during the Cirrus Regional Study of Tropical Anvils and Cirrus Layers Florida Area Cirrus Experiment (CRYSTAL-FACE). NPCO consists of a vertically pointing 8 mm cloud Doppler radar (MMCR), an IR radiometer (10.6 -11.3 m) and a 3 channel microwave radiometer (20.6, 31.6 and 90 GHz). The NPCO was operational for 95% of the duration of the field campaign (July 2002). The measured radar moments and radiometer brightness temperatures were posted on the web in near real-time. In this study, a mutual consistency of different ETL retrievals is analyzed and a preliminary statistical results on retrieved cloud microphysics is given.


This article makes an explanation on the key techniques o f sliding shot putting and introduces the ways to correct common mistakes in the experiment in order to improve the teaching of special techniques.


When a positive integer n is taken randomly,innumerable (unary nth) degrees given algebraic expression are formed with the use of halved equation (Type D 1).Then n roots can be got accurately and easily through its necessary root extracting formula.


Unemployment, economic growth, and low entrepreneurial ratio hasbecome current problem in Indonesia. Entrepreneurship education is animportant form of intervention to overcome these problems.This articlereviews the concepts and developments in the field of entrepreneurshipeducation in the literature.Furthermore, this study critically examines thedevelopment of entrepreneurship education in Indonesia and implementthe existing theoretical framework to recommend a number ofimprovements that can be taken by higher education and otherstakeholders to enhance the quality of entrepreneurship education inIndonesia.


The step of dispensing a resist solution containing a resist material and a solvent onto a substrate on the rectangle, rotating the substrate so as to purge the allocation resist solution to the substrate, and drying the resist solution is spread on a substrate, a resist on a substrate a mask blank manufacturing method having a resist film to form a resist coating step of forming a film. While the substrate is rotated in the resist film to form a resist coating process, by the exhaust member generating an air flow along the upper surface of the substrate part the outer edge of the substrate from a center of the substrate, the resist liquid pool formed in the outer edge portion of the substrate an exhaust operation for preventing the movement toward the center by the rotation of the substrate is performed.


At 65 nm and below, full-chip verification of OPC is done for nominal dose and focus, as well as for process corners representing a two-to-three sigma deviation from the manufacturing setpoints. Such an approach interrogates the intersection of design layout with process variation to elucidate specific locations which will tend to be yield-limiting in manufacturing. With vanishingly small margins between allowable process windows and real in-fab variability, it is of utmost importance to optimize the critical exposure parameters such as projection optic numerical aperture, illumination source mode and sigma, and source polarization. The traditional approach to optimizing these exposure conditions has involved selecting representative feature test patterns (such as 1D lines at multiple pitches, or memory cells), placing simulation cutlines across selected locations, establishing allowable CD tolerances, and calculating overlapping process windows for all cutlines of interest. Such approaches are to first order effective in coarse tuning exposure conditions, but underutilize the rich information content which is available from today's rapid large-area post-OPC simulation engines. We report here on the use of full-chip post-OPC simulation and error checking in conjunction with illumination optimization tooling to provide a more thorough and versatile statistical analysis capability. It is shown that the new method proposed here results in a more robust process window than that which would be obtained by the conditions selected using the traditional optimization method.


Abstract This study evaluated the effect that pictures had on the vividness of over-the-counter (OTC) medication packages. One hundred OTC medications, analgesic and cough-old products, fifty packages with and fifty without pictures, were selected randomly from a local grocery store. Product labels were evaluated by fifty pharmacy students who had completed an OTC medication didactic course and fifty students who had not completed the course. Packages with pictures were rated higher on vividness and were considered more interesting, reassuring, stimulating, and convincing compared to packages without pictures. Although, the effect of vividness was evident, pictures had no effect on product recommendation scores. Participants completing a OTC medication course had significantly lower product recommendation scores compared to those who had not completed the course. Packages were considered to have very little informational value as opposed to promotional value. Manufacturers may consider these results in fu...


The author proposes basic concepts of a theory on human potential. The latter is defined as a system of needs, abilities and willingness that enable social groups, communities and nations to fulfill social functions. The structure of human potential, levels of its existence, social purposes and goals in modern Russia are discussed.


Abstract Using results from sheaf theory combined with the phenomenological theory of the two-dimensional superfluid, the precipitation of quantum vortices is shown to be the genesis of a macroscopic order parameter for a phase transition in two dimensions.


Abstract : The intent of this talk is to provide a brief overview on TATRC and in particular its Biomonitoring Technologies portfolio, leading into a brief highlight on how the various technologies and/or concepts that will be presented in today's three sessions flow from one environment to the next. [TATRC website, 12 Dec 2008]


Small modular reactors and accelerator driven subcritical reactors have many potentials, which have attracted the attention of many researchers. In this study, the sub-criticality of a small portable reactor is proposed to increase reactor safety and widespread use in different areas and the feasibility study of subcritical operation of a mobile power generator to produce economic power has been conducted. The MCNPX 2.6 code was used to simulate the photon-neutron source and the Holos subcritical core. The optimization of this cylindrical target was done so that it would have the highest neutron leakage and an acceptable deposited heat for easy heat removal from the target. Other parameters such as the optimized electron beam, the radial and axial flux distributions for thermal, epi-thermal and fast neutrons, heat and dose distributions in the reactor core have been calculated. According to the computational data, the most flux of the leaked neutrons from the target was obtained for energy 2 MeV and the maximum flux of leaked photons from the target was calculated for the photon energy of less than 10 MeV, which have the maximum probability of neutron and photon fissions. Most of the leaked particles from the target are photons and calculations have shown that part of the output power of the subcritical core is due to (γ,fission) reaction in fuel assemblies of the Holos subcritical core. It was shown that a small portable subcritical core driven with a 100 MeV, 100 mA electron accelerator produces total thermal power of 7 MW.


This paper describes the results of side-by-side full-scale aeration testing of a plug-flow process and a modified contact stabilization process incorporating an anaerobic selector at the wastewater treatment facility in Fredonia, N.Y. Over 40 tests were completed utilizing the off-gas technique during the 2-month investigation period (summer of 1995). Compared to the plug-flow process, the modified contact stabilization process with internal sludge recycle was shown to have higher α values and to require less blower energy consumption when the selector operation was properly controlled. Dissolved oxygen concentration, selector COD concentration, and internal recycle sludge levels were found to be critical parameters in the successful operation of the modified process. Higher internal recycle sludge levels allowed the plant to run at more stable operating conditions in terms of the oxygen transfer efficiency, α, and sludge volume index.


A77-year-oldwomanpresentedwith consciousness disturbance 4 years after the initiation of haemodialysis for the first time. Glasgow Coma Scale was 13, no flapping tremors. Laboratory examinations revealed hyperammonaemia (NH3 207μg/dL: normal 30–100), but neither liver damage nor hepatitis B&C although abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed chronic liver disease pattern. Three-dimensional CT angiography demonstrated a long portal-systemic shunt (PSS) from the left portal vein to the left external iliac vein, with a diameter of 14.5mm (Fig. 1). Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) did not show any abnormality. A diagnosis of haemodialysis-related portal-systemic encephalopathy (HRPSE) was made and therapy with branched-chain amino acids and lactulose ameliorated her symptom and hyperammonaemia (29μg/dL). Hyperammonaemia due to the flow of ammonia-rich portal vein blood through the PSS causes chronic portal-systemic shunt encephalopathy (CPSE), and it has been demonstrated clinical symptoms occur with shunt diameters larger than 10mm. Haemodialysis patients may develop CPSE through characteristic mechanisms of PSS growth due to fluid overload and an increase in back flow via the PSS to the systemic circulation as a consequence of hemodialysis-related fluid removal, known as HRPSE. Haemodialysis-related portal-systemic encephalopathy is a very rare complication and most shunts connect the left gastric vein or splenic veinwith the left renal vein or the inferior vena cava. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of HRPSE with a portal-iliac shunt. Management of this condition can be via conservative therapy as used in this case, or by closure of the shunt flow using either surgical ligation or embolization of the shunt (balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration: B-RTO). It is important to suspect HRPSE, even if liver function is normal.


The purpose of this study is to verify the moderating effect of an airline''s safety climate in the relationship between cabin safety environment and cabin crew's safety behaviors. To meet this purpose, data were gathered from national and non-national airline''s cabin crew. Firstly, the analysis of the cabin safety environment, safety behaviors and safety climate from the cabin crew's perspective was carried out. Secondly, the relationship analysis between cabin safety environment and safety behaviors showed that the cabin safety environment had a significant influence on the safety behaviors. Thirdly, the moderating effect of safety climate between cabin safety environment and safety behaviors was verified. Fourthly, the analysis showed that according to the airline's nationalty, the safety climate has a difference. Finally, the conclusions drawn from this study indicated that the cabin safety environment in the domestic airline is the main factor to improve cabin crew's safety behaviors and should to promote the safety climate compared to non-national airlines.


An advanced double poly-silicon non-self-aligned(DPNSA) structure of NPN device was proposed and experimentally demonstrated with a high performance NPN transistor.In the structure,poly-silicon base was used to reduce base resistance and base-junction area,and selectively implanted collector(SIC) was employed to reduce collector resistance,which significantly improved cut-off frequency(fT) of NPN device.Finally,NPN transistor with BVCEO of about 5.6 V and fT of about 13.5 GHz was fabricated.The novel structure is easier to fabricate,compared to double poly-silicon self-aligned structure,and so it can be used for high-speed complementary bipolar device.


Purpose – This paper describes the discovery of waveguides capable of transmitting electromagnetic radiation at terahertz (THz) frequencies. Until now this has not been possible, despite extensive research.Design/methodology/approach – The discovery was made by a research group at Rice University whilst working on apertureless, near‐field THz microscopy. By chance, the group found that bare metal wires are capable of transmitting THz radiation to and from remote samples with virtually no dispersion and little attenuation.Findings – This discovery allows THz waves to be taken directly to and from the source and detector and eliminates the need for objects to be positioned directly in the THz beam. It also overcomes problems associated with shock and vibration. Subsequently, the group used this phenomenon to develop the world's first prototype THz‐frequency endoscope, which was used to examine a glass flask.Originality/value – The availability of THz waveguides will allow many new applications to be realise...


The necessity of increasing the environmental requirements to agri-food products trade with European countries consequently to the critical environmental state is substantiated. It is underlined that the ecological component is a prerequisite for export in accordance with current world and European standards of safety and quality of products. The content of the DCFTA on the common trade policy and strategic issues of fair and open trade, which is consistent with the Sustainable Development Goals, is disclosed. The main elements of trade agreements content, which are related to ecological issues and should be observed by trade partners (like environmental legislation, natural resources trade (timber and fisheries), illegal fauna and flora trade, combating climate change, corporate social responsibility etc.) are determined. It is noted, that, existing in a globalization environment, Ukraine should not ignore the role of agricultural holdings in export of products, since they provide most of the foreign currency into the country. At the same time, it is indicated the predominance of highly specialized production and agricultural resource trade in agroholdings activity. Consequently, ecological measures of agricultural enterprises' activity (including leading agroholdings) as the main subjects of foreign economic activity were analyzed. Both progressive gains in export of agri-food products relating to ecological requirements (based on the example of key players of the world agricultural market) and negative (caused by non-compliance with conditions of DCFTA) were defined. The perspectives on further ecologization of agribusiness, (such as prioritized by the EU Common Agricultural Policy evolution), were generalized. The purpose of the research paper is justification of the main advantages and practical measures in agricultural enterprises (agroholdings) environmental policy and risks identification for agriculture from non-compliance and violation of environmental management principles under the Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement requirements implementation conditions. The objectives of the study are: identification of both positive and negative features of agriculture economic activities export oriented at EU agribusiness market agribusiness enterprises. The following scientific methods were applied in the research process of: analytical, statistical, etc.


glue therapy in 32.4% and TIPS in 14.3%. Compared to patients without re-bleeding, patients with rebleeding had higher number of multiple afferents (36.4% vs. 13.0%), more posterior (22.7% vs. 17.4%) and short gastric (22.7% vs. 8.7%) afferents and less coronary/left gastric (18.2% vs. 60.9%) (p50.02 for all) as dominant afferent; and they tend to have more multiple efferents (36.4% vs. 13.0%, p50.07). There was no association in terms of age race, gender, type of GV, type of procedure, quantity of glue, type and number of shunts, and size of GV. Conclusion: In patients with GVB, glue therapy has high rates of immediate hemostasis but has high re-bleeding rates. There is no correlation between type and size of SPSS and GVB, but patients with re-bleeding have significantly higher number of multiple afferents, more posterior and short gastric as dominant afferent and tend to have more efferents than patients without re-bleeding. In patients with GVB, understanding the vascular anatomy of variceal complex can impact prognostication and close surveillance by predicting risk of re-bleeding.


Through determined the root amounts and nutrient status in the woodland of Hippophae rhamnoides plantations in the typical regions of the Loess plateau, the results show that the roots amounts of sea-buckthorn plantations distribute the form as anti-pyramid in the soil and the form changes into a parabola with the stand-age increasing. The root length and its surface area gradually decrease from the topsoil to the subsoil and cut down with the root's diameter increasing. The nutrient percentage and accumulating contents in the woodland of sea-buckthorn plantations are much higher than those in the farmland or grassland, especially organic matter and N contents in the stands, and improving K availability in the stands. However, sea-buckthorn plantations put obviously up the function of improving and fertilizing soil. Hippophae rhamnoides is extensively distributed in the "three north" area of China and is a kind of shrub that can be used to plant water and soil conservation forests and windbreak or sand-fixing forests. As a result of its economic benefits, ecological benefits and alone medical value for the health, sea-buckthorn has caused the concerns related departments. In order to develop and use the resources of sea-buckthorn for the better so as to control rapidly the Loess Plateau, two plots were selected in Lingyou County of Shaanxi Province and Qing'an of Gansu Province, and the root amounts and nutrient status in the woodland of sea-buckthorn were determined, then the distributional status of its roots and its effects on soil improvement were studied. 1 A survey of studying plots


In the past few years, Brazil has made significant progress in reducing hunger and food and nutrition insecurity. By the end of 2009 it had met the first United Nations Millennium Development Goal of reducing poverty and malnutrition by half, six years ahead of the 2015 deadline. Much of this progress has been achieved through innovative policies and initiatives championed by civil society organisations for over two decades. This paper reviews some of the most important policies and initiatives which are having a beneficial impact on sustainable rural development and food security. Focusing on conditions for small family farmers, the authors describe the main elements of these government programmes as well as relevant civil society initiatives, and the possible lessons to be learned from them. The paper concludes by discussing the challenges the country faces in maintaining recent advances in sustainable rural development and food security.


Constructing noise maps for large areas is a tedious and CPU intensive task, even if engineering approximations to outdoor sound propagation models are introduced. This paper reports on an effort to optimize beam tracing in order to reduce the number of generated paths between source and observer, while still guaranteeing the required accuracy. Beam tracing is a ray based technique that groups rays into spatial coherent beams. These beams are restricted to the geometry at hand. Due to its nature it is very efficient in highly occluded areas. However, the proposed modifications allow the algorithm to be used efficiently in sparse outdoor scenes with complex undulating terrain as well. The beam tracing algorithm gradually turns into a Monte Carlo ray tracing algorithm while it propagates through the scene. Beams are assigned a chance of survival depending on the distance traveled. To conserve energy the remaining beams are assigned a weight that grows with propagation distance. Statistically the algorithm redistributes energy perfectly but Monte Carlo noise is still visible if no counter measures are taken. Therefore super-sampling is used which suits the beam tracing algorithm well. Another technique that reduces the variance on the noise significantly is to distribute the energy of highly weighted beams to receivers in the neighborhood. Efficient data structures are needed to support these operations. The improved beam tracing algorithm has been implemented and tested in the mountainous region of the Brennerpass (Austria) with good results. The calculation time of the simulation can easily be traded with the variance and resolution of the results. Noise mapping and ray tracing algorithms


This article investigates some possible models of integration with different outcomes for the European Union (EU). Many experts have tried to adjust Dani Rodrik's world economy trilemma to explore future EU integration options. However, his three governance models have limited explanatory power in illustrating the dilemmas of EU integration. Instead, an alternative model of experimental federalism offers bottom-up economic, social and democratic restructuring combined with top-down support for more balanced and inclusive development. Redirection is required in monetary and fiscal policies and in establishing strategic coordination between the governments and businesses. Economic and social reconstruction is necessary along with stronger democratic leadership at all levels of European polity and stronger involvement of the civil society as essential elements of comprehensive restructuring. The diversity within the EU member states also requires different development strategies to strengthen, rather than jeopardize, the idea of a single market, consistent with the proclaimed EU ideals.


An inflation swap is a contract between two counterparties where at maturity sides exchange a pre-specified payment determined by the the inflation rate at inception for a payment determined by the simple rate of return of the Consumer Price Index (CPI) from inception to maturity.


Objectives: A rapid and reliable isocratic LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the separation and identification of stress degradation products (DPs) of lofexidine.
Methods: Lofexidine, a non-opioid centrally acting alpha2-adrenergic receptor agonist, was subjected to hydrolysis (acidic, alkaline, and neutral), oxidation, photolysis, and thermal stress as per International Council on Harmonization specified conditions. The drug showed extensive degradation under alkaline, acidic, oxidation, and photolytic stress condition.
Results: A total of 14 DPs were observed and the chromatographic separation of the drug and its DPs were achieved on waters symmetry C18 (150 × 4.6 mm, 3.5 μm) column using water and acetonitrile (75:25 v/v) as mobile phase. The DPs were separated and identified using LC-MS/MS. The LC-MS/MS method was validated with respect to specificity, linearity, accuracy, and precision.
Conclusion: The proposed method was used for impurity profiling and routine quality control tests of lofixidine.


The soaking, unhairing, suppling and tanning of rabbit skin, also the craftwork technology and operating points were stated. The corresponding technical measures according to the characteristic of rabbit skin were expressed,which takes a definite effect on the comprehensive utilization of rabbit skin and enhancing level of products.


2 Abstract: Molecular fingerprints of Picual olive cultivar collected from different locations of Egypt using 16 primers (inter simple sequence repeats ISSRs) were tested to explore their genetic diversity. The highest number of polymorphic bands was obtained by H15 (14 bands), while Primer 5 produced the lowest number of polymorphic bands (5 bands). The percentage of polymorphism revealed by the different primers ranged from Zero to 75 % with an average 29.18%. Among all tested ISSR primers, only 4 primers (1789-A, HB10, 5 and 4) failed to produce any unique markers, while 12 primers generated positive and /or negative unique markers that could be used to identify Picual genotypes.


tag=1 data=CRA's winning approach to native title. by Mark Davis

tag=2 data=Davis, Mark

tag=3 data=Business Review Weekly,

tag=4 data=19

tag=5 data=4

tag=6 data=10 February 1997

tag=7 data=18-21.

tag=8 data=ABORIGINAL LAND CLAIMS%MINES & MINERALS

tag=9 data=RTZ-CRA%WIK JUDGEMENT%CENTURY ZINC%NATIVE TITLE CLAIMS%NAPRANUM%AURUKUN%MAPOON%MALAKOOLA

tag=10 data=By establishing a closer relationship with Aboriginal people and relying on negotiation than calling for legislation, RTZ-CRA has succeeded where others have failed in securing iron-clad mining titles.

tag=11 data=1997/3/2

tag=12 data=97/0028

tag=13 data=CAB

tag=32 data=DAVIS, LEON%WAND, PAUL


Mountain topography makes Pagar Alam City is highly prone to natural disasters such as landslides, floods, tornados, and volcanoes, as well as disasters due to of human negligence such as forest fires, land and houses fires. According to it, the government building development so that the State must be able to support implements selected BPBDs main tasks and functions as the regional disaster management agencies. In planning the building of the State, one of the stages that must be met is the study. This study aims to evaluate the economic feasibility of investment in buildings State based disaster loss assessment using the Post Disaster Need Assessment. The result of investment analysis shows a positive NPV IRR> discount rate, the building of the State BPBDs feasible to continue. Keywords : PDNA, mitigation, the feasibility of government building.


F x . The model explains the existence of random fatigue level and although it is too simple to provide numerical coincidence with experimental fatigue test data, nevertheless it can be used as nonlinear regression model of S-N fatigue curve, some parameters of which can be considered as parameters of cdf of local static strength, so we can predict fatigue curve changes as consequence of static strength parameter changes. Numerical example is given.


We report the case of 22-year-old man who showed adenosine induced sinus tachycardia during the transesophageal electrophysiological evaluation for suspect accessory pathway. Learning objective: Our case is the first report of sinus tachycardia induced by intravenous adenosine infusion without previous bradycardia. We are aware that the relation between adenosine infusion and sinus tachycardia is anecdotal, but we believe that all possible and unexpected pro-arrhytmic effects should be known when we use in clinical practice this drug.


This paper aims to look into the feasibility of making a Solar Hybrid mini grid (diesel-battery-solar) in CSEM-UAE's Solar Open air Laboratory (SOLAB). It will incorporate diesel generation and the multiple stand alone PV power production which already exist in the facility and link them together with adding more PV power production with battery storage. This will make diesel power generation as the backup instead of being the primary source of electricity production in our facility. The choice for DC coupled or the AC coupled PV power generation for the mini grid has to be considered based on the cost and technical comparison between the two. Price quotes received from various suppliers will be used simulate result and analysis using Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER) simulation software. The outcome of this study will lead to the design and implementation of this mini grid in our facility.


In this paper, we prove the Kolmogorov inequality for M | -norms generated by concave functions (with the same constants as in the Kolmogorov inequality).


This report contains the following papers: modeling complex systems: Stochastic processes, stochastic differential equations, and fokker-planck equations; complexity in fluids; pattern formation in chemical systems: Roles of open reactors; experimental analysis of disordered systems; theory and applications of information-based complexity; some learning tasks from a control perspective; moving a human or robot arm with many degrees of freedom: Issues and ideas; control of tongue movement dynamics; models of somatotopic map organization; sex and evolution; dynamics of neutral excitability; linking structure and function: Information processing in the brain; physiological studies in silico; nonlinear dynamics of neutral delayed feedback; functional self-organization in complex systems; forecasting chaotic computational ecosystems; singularities for complex hyperbolic equations; an overview of the minimum description length principle; equations of motion from data with hidden variables; spectral entropy and self-organization; asynchronous parallel simulated annealing; dynamics of a trapped ion driven by stochastic optical processes; undecidability in the adaptive system; bifurications and chaos in a Paradigm equation for delayed mixed feedback; asymptotic periodicity in one-dimensional maps; and theme and variations: Spin glasses, neutral networks, and prebiotic evolution.


Over the last decade, a progressive decline of the efficiency of the breeding scheme of the Sarda dairy sheep breed has been observed. In this context, a program for implementing innovative genomic tools has been established. The current state of the selection scheme of the Sarda breed is summarized and the potential impact of innovative genomic tools taking into account their economic sustainability is drawn. A female reference population was created to identify LD o causal mutations and to trigger genomic selection. Results of QTL detection and accuracies of Herd Book rams genomic predictions realized on the basis of the female reference population show that it is a realistic option to increase the effectiveness of the current selection program. The impact of the female nucleus may be increased by an organization of the HB flocks in levels according to the application of selection tools i.e the incidence of pedigree known and the engagement in AI program.


Glucosamine, a naturally occurring amino monosaccharide, has been used to treat or prevent osteoarthritis in humans. Recently, we have revealed that glucosamine inhibits platelet activation in vitro. However, the effect of in vivo administration of glucosamine has not yet been clear. Recently, we have evaluated the effect of oral glucosamine administration on platelet activation in guinea pigs. Guinea pigs were orally adminis-tered with glucosamine (an average of 400 mg glucosamine/animal/day) for 22 days and thereafter platelet functions were examined.Glucosamine-administration suppressed platelet aggregation in response to ADP, but not platelet aggregation induced by collagen. Furthermore, glucosamine-administration inhibited the ADP-induced extracellular release of ATP and production of thromboxane A2. In contrast, glucosamine did not affect the body-weights, platelet counts and bleeding time in guinea pigs after the administration.These observations suggest that glucosamine is likely to exert an inhibitory action on platelets in vivo by suppressing platelet aggregation, ATP release, and thromboxane A2 production. Thus, glucosamine could be expected as a novel and safe anti-platelet agent.


Surface roughness is considered as one of the most specified customer requirements in machining processes. For efficient use of machine tools, selection of machining process and determination of optimal cutting parameters (speed, feed and depth of cut) are required. Therefore, it is necessary to find a suitable way to select and to find optimal machining process and cutting parameters for a specified surface roughness values. In this work, machining process was carried out on AISI 1040 steel in dry cutting condition in a lathe, milling and grinding machines and surface roughness was measured. Forty five experiments have been conducted using varying speed, feed, and depth of cut in order to find the surface roughness parameters. This data has been divided into two sets on a random basis; 36 training data set and 9 testing data set. The training data set has been used to train different artificial neural network (ANN) models in order to predict machining processes and surface roughness parameter values through back propagation network. Experimental data collected from tests were used as input parameters of a neural network to identify the sensitivity among machining operations, cutting parameters and surface roughness. Selected indexes were used to design a suitable algorithm for the prediction of machining processes. A software was developed and implemented to predict the machining processes and surface roughness values. The results showed that the proposed models are capable of predicting machining operations, cutting parameters and surface roughness.


Balesari village Windusari District of Magelang District designated as a village built Tidar University during the period of 3 years. So, the researchers wanted to identify the productivity of SMEs in the village Balesari and the government's contribution to improving the welfare of society, especially in order to realize Balesari village as a tourist village.
The observations were made with the sorting of data samples that match the criteria, using purposive sampling research sample using at least 5-8 respondents in each village, bringing the total amount to more than 30 samples. This study examined the role of accounting information system through the development of SME productivity. The mechanism accounting information system development there are some procedures that need to be understood and followed by the village community in order to obtain authorization Balesari administratively, ie License, IUI, TDI, HO Permit and others. Exploration Balesari village aims to create value added activities so that it can bring in revenue and tourists.


Combined insulated rolled roofs, all layers of which are sequentially laid on the supporting structure and covered with a waterproof carpet, make up more than 80 % of the roofs of residential and public buildings in operation and under construction. Such a significant number of structures with a combined roll roofing in the Republic of Belarus is due to the fact that in the early 70s of the last century, a program for the development of prefabricated housing was launched in the Soviet Union. As practice has shown, after three to five years of operation, the combined insulated roll roofs needed current repairs – to eliminate leaks. The repair basically boiled down to the gluing of additional layers of rolled waterproofing material in the areas of roof leaks. Field studies have allowed us to establish the reasons why, in less than 10–12 years of operation, the combined insulated rolled roofs need major repairs. The analysis of the results of field studies has shown that the main factor affecting the failure of the roof is the high humidity of the insulation material. The main reason for moistening the material of the thermal insulation layer during the operation of the roof is the destruction of the vapor barrier layer. Based on the results of the performed field studies and regulatory documents of the Republic of Belarus, the authors of the publication offer a constructive solution and technology of work for the rehabilitation of operated combined insulated rolled roofs. The mainadvantages of the proposed solution are: provision of any thermal resistance to heat transfer of the combined coating without dismantling the structural elements of the existing roof; use of PVC membranes as a water-insulating carpet, which will allow to eliminate roof leaks within 20 years of operation without additional costs.


TOUTATIS [1, 2, 3] is a thermomechanical simulation tool based on the structural finite element computation code Cast3M [4] developed at CEA Saclay. It is an advanced research tool simulating local behaviour o f a fuel rod segment, and is devoted to the comprehension of experimental power ramps [5], taking into account geometrical and materials non-linearities. TOUTATIS has been developed in order to model locally and accurately three-dimensional effects induced by PCI on thermomechanical behaviour. The numerical scheme takes into account thermal and mechanical coupling induced by heat exchange evolution in pellet-cladding gap. Fur thermore, it allows computation of severe thermal transients. As for the mechanical behaviour of both cladding an d fuel, up-to-date behaviour laws are used. Elastic and inelastic strains accumulated in cladding are computed simultaneously at every time step with the help of CEA's MISTRAL modulus [6]. The UO2 model [7] devoted to fuel behaviour has been developed in the Lab. It is based upon the coupling of Ottosen's micro-cracking model, which represents brittle fuel behaviour in tensile area, and of Gatt-Monerie visc oplastic fuel model [8] which represents ductile fuel behaviour at high temperatu re. We show that experimental and simulated cracking pattern after irradiation are al ike. Moreover, the Coulomb friction model at pellet clad ding interface was implemented in TOUTATIS [2, 3]. Associated with the initial pellet cracking and the delayed microcracking which appears during the irradiation, it s hows stress and inelastic strain concentration at inter-pellet level in front of fue l radial cracks. This result is consistent with experimental observation of a PCI/SCC (stress corrosion cracking) cladding failure initiating in this area during power transients [5] .


A small, compact pulsed-laser and camera system for collecting data on small space debris can be put into orbit as a strap-on package on other research satellites. The system does not depend on sun glint for debris illumination. The laser could be diode-pumped Nd:YAG or Cr:LiSaAlF with high overall efficiency. It eventually could be e simple diode laser. It would operate in a pulse-rep mode of approximately 10 Hz, sampling truncated conical volumes out to < 1 km. With a 1 m primary optic, the system would see approximately 1 mm debris and larger out at approximately 800 m, and would see even smaller debris in the nearer field. The high gain of the ICCD camera enables use of lower laser energy (power). Filters eliminate most optical noise. Range-gating eliminates unwanted backscatter entering the camera. Data can be pre-processed on orbit, with only counts-per-bin (particle)-size data being transmitted. The initial lower-cost system would sample only in small diameter orbital `tubes.' Analysts would still make some assumptions about the homogeneity of distributions to develop a `picture' of the amount of small debris in orbit at various altitudes. Further trade-off studies are needed.


With the growth in demand for energy and the boom in energy internet (EI) technologies, comes the multi-energy complementary system. In this paper, we first model the components of the micro-energy-grid for a greenhouse, and then analyzed two types of protected agriculture load: time-shifting load and non-time-shifting load. Next, multi-scenario technology is directed against the uncertainty of photovoltaic (PV). Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) and the backward reduction algorithm are the two main methods we use to generate the representative scenarios and their probabilities, which are the basis for PV prediction in day-ahead scheduling. Third, besides the time of day (TOD) tariff, we present a model using real-time pricing of consumers' electricity load, which is proposed to compare consumers' demand response (DR). Finally, we establish a new optimization model of micro-energy-grid for greenhouses. By calculating the dispatch of electricity, heat, energy storage and time-shifting load under different conditions, the local consumption of PV and the comprehensive operational cost of micro-energy-grid can be analyzed. The results show that a storage device, time-shifting load and real-time pricing can bring more possibilities to the micro-energy-grid. By optimizing the time schedule of time-shifting load, the cost of the greenhouse is reduced.


ST. THOMAS'S HOSPITAL. WHEN the post of Treasurer of St. Thomas's Hospital became vacant in September last, we took occasion to point out some of the radical defects in the management of that hospital, and called upon those interested in the administration of the hospital to take this opportunity of procuring some much needed reforms at that institution. We pointed out then that the best managed hospitals in England are those under the management of a paid resident officer, and as an example in point of the good administration of a hospital comparable with St. Thomas's, we instanced Guy's llospital, which under the management of a paid superintendent has ceasel to present many of the defects which once characterised it, and has become a creditably crisply


Numerical analysis, in the form of the finite element, finite difference or boundary element method, has become a preferred calculation tool in the design of complex geotechnical structures. Even new codes of practice, such as the European EUROCODE 7, encourage the use of numerical analysis in design. However, as there is no general guidance and agreement in the international community on appropriate numerical solvers, constitutive models and boundary conditions, there are often examples of bad practice in the numerical analysis of geotechnical structures. Through examples of the analyses of real problems, this paper investigates the use of appropriate constitutive models and boundary conditions, to highlight both the successful use and the potential pitfalls of modern numerical analysis.


METEOROLOGYAs the 2006 hurricane season unfolds, the best way to improve the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's ability to forecast storm strength is a pressing--and controversial--question. ([Read more][1].)

 [1]: http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/313/5791/1221


Ergonomic and capability assessments are typically performed using guidelines derived using biomechanical, physiological and psychophysical approaches. In practice, these approaches yield different and often conflicting assessments. As part of an effort to reconcile these methods, a laboratory study was conducted to investigate the effects of varying force and task location requirements on the perception of force exertion. Sixteen women and men with widely varying body size provided a numerical rating of effort for one-hand pulling tasks in a range of handle locations. Vertical task handle location and force magnitude requirement were related to subjective rating of the force exertion. As a demonstration of the methodology, statistical models were developed from the data to predict the effect of changes in task parameters on the percentage of participants rating the exertion at a specified level.


Along with the mature of the Internet technology,more and more people are concerned with the development of B / S mode.Now the application programs based on the web network is widely used in the platforms of applied system,service and management and has become the mainstream technology.The high performance efficiency and attractive interface are the key factors of a successful IT system.The Ajax technology is the one that can be attempted to apply.Ajax technology based on web system can provide a smooth operation interface to the administrators and the users.In data downloading,it is very convenient and smooth.And it can reduce the burden of the server.The only difference is that the local browser can asynchronously transform the information to another server.The use of Ajax technology can realize the function of the web system and synchronous transmission of information.While considering the security of the system,it also provides a user-friendly,highly interactive and responsive online downloading system based on Ajax.


ABSTRACT Project Homeless Connect (PHC) is a national model designed to address the needs of individuals and families facing homelessness. This research-based approach to reducing homelessness is consistent with social work values and principles including the profession's commitment to social justice. PHC brings together individuals experiencing homelessness and service providers in one central location for a full day devoted to innovative resource delivery and service linkage. Using a service-learning approach augmented by scaffolding of student responsibilities produces an innovative service-learning strategy combining collaborative practice in the community and university contexts to increase PHC model effectiveness and achieve maximum community impact.


Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity in aging and in HIV-infected individuals despite efficacy of cART, and furthermore, is associated with macrophage activation and inflammation. Nonhuman primates simulate human disease, and we previously reported that distinct macrophage populations play different roles in the pathogenesis of disease during SIV infection in rhesus macaques. For example, in the lung, short-lived macrophages were more readily destroyed by SIV and contributed to AIDS pathogenesis. Long-lived alveolar macrophages on the other hand were not easily destroyed by virus and thus may contribute to a long-term virus reservoir that also promotes chronic inflammation. The present studies extend this work to characterize macrophages in heart and skeletal muscles affecting cardiomyopathy observed during SIV/HIV infection as well as in heart tissues of uninfected younger and older macaques. The results demonstrated that macrophages are distributed uniformly throughout the heart tissues in animals of all age groups. Increased percentages of macrophages, however, were observed in hearts of aged macaques with similar increased percentages of macrophages in SIV-infected younger adult macaques. Interestingly, the increased macrophages of both aged uninfected and younger SIV-infected macaques was not due to increases in the absolute numbers of macrophages but rather to decreased heart muscle cellularity. This suggested that cardiovascular disease observed in aged as well as HIV-infected individuals may be due to similar mechanisms of decreased number of heart muscle cells and dysfunctional inflammatory long-lived macrophages of the heart.


The spread of the epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection worldwide depends on the probability of transmission during sexual intercourse between men and women. Globally, the majori...


The main types of algorithmic bookmarks are considered. A method for constructing asymmetric kleptographic bookmarks in the RSA key generator is presented, which allows the owner of the bookmark key (the developer or an authorized intelligence agency) to access a user key generated by an infected algorithm. Theorems illustrating the performance of the described algorithms are formulated, and the computational complexity of these algorithms is estimated. The resistance of the built tabs to some classes of attacks is demonstrated even if the adversary knows the methods used and has access to the source code of the key generator.


Nitric oxide (NO) is an important antibacterial defense molecule produced by upper airway (sinonasal) epithelial cells. We previously showed that a bitter taste receptor expressed in airway epithelium detects quorum‐sensing molecules secreted by Gram‐negative bacteria and subsequently triggers bactericidal NO production. We hypothesized that the upper airway epithelium may also be able to detect the Gram‐positive aerobe Staphylococcus aureus and mount an NO response.


This research study was conducted to determine the incidence of Gastrointestinal Parasites Infection of Horses in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Thirty (30) Horses were selected randomly from Shukari - Maidokiri, Maiduguri. Comparative parasitological diagnostic techniques were applied (both macroscopic and microscopic examinations of direct smears and concentration techniques) and the results obtained revealed mean total infectivity of 20%. The macroscopic examination of the faecal samples revealed mean prevalence of 21%, while the microscopic examination of the faecal samples using 0.85% Normal saline solution direct smear wet preparation technique; protozoan cysts and their vegetative form, helminths ovae and larvae form found are 28%, Lugol's iodine solution direct smear are 34%, concentration technique by floatation using saturated salt solution of sodium chloride are 35% mean of infectivity. From these 3 techniques were applied; the mean total infectivity of protozoan cysts are 36%, vegetative forms 17%, helminths ova 29%, larvae 17% and adult Parasite found 0%. When multiples diagnostic techniques are been applied, the possibility of missing any Parasite will be exceptional, it will reveals a higher results of positivity if infected. Owners of Horses were urged to take their horses to a Veterinary clinic or hospital nearby for an accurate and appropriate diagnosis, for the wellbeing of their animal routinely.


The utility model discloses a tobacco leaf roasting temperature and moisture concentrated intelligent control device, which comprises a PLC programmable controller, a temperature/moisture collecting amplification transmitting module, a display drive module, a field device drive control circuit module, a network communication module and a remote computer control center, wherein a temperature and moisture collecting amplifier can transmit data of a temperature and moisture sensor to the PLC programmable controller, the PLC programmable controller can send out control instructions to the displaydrive module and the field device drive control circuit module, and the remote computer control center can communicate with the PLC programmable controller through a network communication module. Thetobacco leaf roasting temperature and moisture concentrated intelligent control device adopts the PLC technology and the network communication technology, can centralize and automatically control hundreds of tobacco leaf roasting rooms through one computer, greatly improves the working efficiency, reduces the roasting cost, improves the roasting quality of tobacco, and can be widely applicable toclose roasting room groups for roasting tobacco leaves.


Objective
To evaluate the clinical significance of renal biomarkers for early evaluation of acute kidney injury (AKI) in sepsis.

Methods
This is a prospective case-control study of 60 patients with sepsis admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University. According to the diagnostic criteria of the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO), the patients were divided into either an AKI group or a non-AKI group. Urine volume, serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), blood β2 microglobulin, blood neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), serum cystatin C, procalcitonin (PCT), amino terminal brain natriuretic peptide precursor (NT-proBNP), and urine protein were analyzed and compared between the two groups. The statistically significant factors in univariate analysis were further analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The accuracy of different indicators in predicting concurrent AKI in patients with sepsis was also evaluated.

Results
Urine volume, SCr, BUN, blood β2 microglobulin, blood NGAL, serum cystatin C, PCT, NT-proBNP and urine protein in the AKI group were significantly higher than those in the non-AKI group (t=1.754, P=0.021; t=-3.851, P<0.001; t=-4.972, P<0.001; t=-7.645, P<0.001; t=-3.451, P=0.001; t=-4.880, P<0.001; t=-3.231, P=0.002; t=-3.636, P=0.001; u=-2.775, P=0.006). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that blood NGAL, serum cystatin C, and NT-proBNP were independent risk factors for AKI (P=0.015, 0.002, 0.023). The areas under the ROC curves of blood NGAL, serum cystatin C, and NT-proBNP were 0.840, 0.894, and 0.743, respectively.

Conclusion
Blood NGAL, serum cystatin C, and NT-proBNP are sensitive indicators for predicting AKI in patients with sepsis.

Key words:
Sepsis; Acute kidney injury; Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; Serum cystatin C; N terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide


In Eq. 1 of Ref. 1, the factor n should not enter into the formula, which is now written as: ksp = k + m · 2 /l , 1 where ksp is the wavevector of an SP mode on either the air or the glass side, k is the wavevector of the incident light parallel to the grating surface, m is the diffraction order 1,2,3... , and l is the grating period. However, the subsequent results are not affected. S. H. Lim and E. T. Yu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 161107 2009 .


Four sets of total dust and odor measurements obtained during evaluation of an indoor ozonationsystem in a swine finishing building were analyzed. Odors were measured as odor intensity (OI)by a trained panel of humans at the Duke University Taste and Smell Laboratory from air andfabric (cotton) swatch samples. The air samples were collected in clean Tedlar bags and fabricswatches which were aspirated for 30 min by pulling air through the swatches using dustsampling pumps. Analysis of OI data showed that the two methods were correlated (r2=0.57), airexhausted from the buildings was more odorous than inlet air (p


A high-priority next-generation satellite remote sensing mission necessitates a lightweight deployable antenna that can fit in the package of low-Earth orbit (LEO) small satellites. In this work, we present the development of a 7 m $\times1.5$ m aperture C-band parabolic cylinder mesh reflector along with a 1 × 32 element linear patch array feed. The detailed and tailored mechanical design, full-wave analysis, and measurements of the reflector are elaborated. The reflector is constructed with a mesh surface with unique deployment mechanisms for weight reduction and stowage. The linear microstrip patch array feed is designed with a lightweight honeycomb substrate and is used for the breadboard testing of the parabolic cylinder reflector. The antenna achieved the desired surface accuracy and a measured gain of 42.06 dBi at 5.357 GHz, with half-power beamwidths of 0.52° and 2.35° in the two principal planes.


FIELD: chemistry. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to an adhesive composition as well as to a composite and a method of obtaining the composite, which includes a substrate and the adhesive composition. The adhesive composition includes a protein component, a polymer component with azetidine functional groups and a viscosity-modifying component. The protein is represented by the soya protein. The viscosity-modifying component is represented by a sulfite reducing agent, thiol or their combination. EFFECT: invention provides high content of dry substances, low viscosity of adhesive compositions. 10 cl, 15 tbl, 66 ex


Summary: In the survival analysis, processes generating the particular events repeatedly are analysed (the recurrent events). The goal of the article is the analysis of multiple episodes of the duration in the registered unemployment and comparison with the results for the single episode with respect to gender by means of the stratified Cox model. Subsequent episodes, separated by the deregistration periods create discontinuous risk intervals. Therefore, the con ditional approach was used in which the time to the subsequent event was estimated by using the concept of time gap. The individual datafor persons registered in the Poviat Labour Office in Szczecin were used. Gender was the strong determinant of intensity of the first deregis tration because of any reason, accepting the job and refusal, but it was not the determinant of intensities of the fourth and subsequent deregistrations. It was not also the determinant of intensities of deregistration because of other reasons.


We study the transverse clustering properties of high matter density peaks as traced by high column density ab- sorption systems (either Lyman limit systems characterized by N(Hi) 2 10 17 cm 2 or Civ systems with Wr > 0: 5A ) at redshifts between 2 and 3 with UVES spectra of two QSO pairs (UM680/UM681 at 56 arcsec angular separation and Q2344+1228/Q2343+1232 at 5 arcmin angular separation) and a QSO triplet (Q2139-4433/Q2139-4434/Q2138-4427 at 1, 7 and 8 arcmin angular separation). We find 3 damped Lyman- systems (N(Hi) 2 10 20 cm 2 ): 2 coinciding with strong metal systems in the nearby line of sight and 1 matching the emission redshift of the paired QSO; plus 7 Lyman limit systems: 4 forming two matching couples and 3 without a corresponding metal system within3000 km s 1 in the coupled line of sight. In summary, we detect five out of ten matching systems within 1000 km s 1 , indicating a highly significant overdensity of strong absorption systems over separation lengths from 1t o 8h 1 Mpc. The observed coincidences could arise in gas due to starburst-driven superwinds associated with a quasar or a galaxy, or gas belonging to large scale structures like filaments or sheets. We also determine chemical abundance ratios for three damped Lyman- systems. In particular, for the damped system at z 2:53788 in the spectrum of Q2344+1228, new estimates of the ratios O/Fe, C/Fe are obtained: 0:02< (C=Fe)< 0:06, 0:06< (O=Fe)< 0:2. They indicate that O and C are not over-solar in this system.


In this study, the diesel-water emulsion fuels were studied using a rotor-stator type of hydrodynamic cavitation. The phase stability of emulsion fuel was observed the phase separation time. The nanoemulsions have dispersed liquid droplet which the mean droplet size of emulsion fuel was analyzed using the microscope and poly dispersity index (PDI), respectively. The parameters of the hole diameter (4–6 mm) and the ratio between diameter and hole depth (0.6–1.0) were investigated the mean droplet size of emulsion fuel. The fixed parameters were the distance between rotor and stator of 10 mm, the height of rotor of 46 mm, the diameter of rotor of 70 mm. The diesel-water emulsion fuel consisted of 80 vol.% diesel, 10 vol.% water, 5 vol.% Span80, 5 vol.% Tween80 (D80W10S5T5), which produced using the rotor-stator type of hydrodynamic cavitation under the condition was                   10.5 L/hr mixture flow rate and 4000 rpm speed of rotor. The results showed that the maximum stability for emulsifiers of diesel-water blend in the homogenized state were about sixty days. The average droplet size and PDI were less than 3 µm, 285 nm and 271 nm respectively, when 4 mm of diameter of rotor, 0.8 and 1.0 of ratio between diameter and hole depth were operated. Thus, the nanoemulsion of diesel–water blend can be produced using of rotor-stator type of hydrodynamic cavitation. The advantages of nanoemulsion were the improvement of combustion efficiency and the reduction of nitrogen oxide in the exhaust gas.


Purpose – Starting from a territorial development project in Western Honduras (Copan and Ocotepeque), farmers aimed to increase and add value to agricultural production by producing and commercializing granulated brown sugar (panela). The Western Honduras sugar market was studied, from the supply and demand side, in order to particularly understand consumer preference which is considered a key to increase smallholder farmers' income in rural areas. Design/methodology/approach – The research included a qualitative study by means of six visits for observation and data compilation to stores, four face-to-face open semi-structured interviews with store owners and a focus group with local producers to acquire a global picture of the main regional sugar market characteristics from the supply side. Moreover a quantitative analysis applying a Choice Experiment to study consumer preferences was performed acquiring higher knowledge from the demand side. Findings – First, it was found that Honduras sugar market coul...


OBJECTIVE: To review the structure and physiologic function of liipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], review the association of Lp(a) with the development of atherosclerosis, and to critically evaluate the current literature regarding the effects of lipid-lowering drug therapy on Lp(a) serum concentrations. DATA SOURCES: English language clinical and animal studies, abstracts, and review articles pertaining to Lp(a). STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: Relevant human and animal studies examining Lp(a)'s role in atherosclerosis and the effect of drug therapy on Lp(a) serum concentrations. DATA SYNTHESIS: Possible physiologic functions and potential atherogenic mechanisms of Lp(a) are discussed. Evidence supporting the association of Lp(a) with atherosclerosis is presented. Studies evaluating the effects of lipid-lowering drug therapy on Lp(a) concentrations are reviewed and critiqued. CONCLUSIONS: Lp(a) concentrations are correlated with the risk of atherosclerotic vascular disease (AVO) in both animal models and human studies. Drug therapies that have produced a consistent reduction in Lp(a) concentration include niacin alone or in combination with a bile acid sequestrant or neomycin. However, additional, larger studies are needed to evaluate the ability of drug therapies to specifically reduce elevated Lp(a) concentrations. Preliminary information suggests that reduction in Lp(a) concentrations may be associated with atherosclerotic plaque regression. Although drugs are available to lower Lp(a), one cannot conclude that lowering of Lp(a) is warranted until clinical trials demonstrating beneficial effects have been published.


In this paper, a novel closed-loop inverse kinematics scheme that is capable of handling inequality constraints is proposed. By a proper adoption of slack variables and using the task priority concept, the proposed method allows for the accommodation of inequality constraints in a closed-form inverse kinematics solution for robotic manipulators. Unlike other formulations, the proposed scheme does not require solving a sequence of constrained optimization problems in real time and in this sense is faster. The performance of the proposed scheme is investigated through an implementation for real-time control of a concentric-tube robot with a restricted operational space. The experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of the scheme in handling inequality constraints in real-time closed-loop inverse kinematics.


Graph summarization has a wide range of applications that involve many large-scale graph data processing problems. However, most of existing approaches for graph summarization neglect attributes and relationships residing in nodes and edges in graphs. In this paper, an aggregation-based attributed graph summarization approach is proposed by fully taking attributes and relationships into account during graph summarization. We present a new approach to quantitatively calculate node merge error, and a heuristic measure to dynamically determine the threshold of node merge error per iteration. We implemented our aggregation-based attributed graph summarization approach. Extensive experiments were made for illustrating effectiveness and efficiency of our approach in comparison with the state-of-the-art approach based on graph topology.


The complexes Pt[N(p-HC6F4)CH2CH2NMe2]X(L) (L = py , X = Cl or Br; L = 2- methylpyridine or 4-methylpyridine, X = Cl ) have been prepared by decarboxylation reactions between PtX2( dmen ) ( dmen = N,N- dimethylethane - 1,2-diamine) and thallous pentafluorobenzoate in the appropriate hot pyridine. Other organoamidoplatinum (II) complexes, Pt[N(R)CH2CH2NMe2] X( py ) (R = p-HC6F4, X = I; R = C6F5, X = Cl , Br or I; R = p-MeC6F4, X = Cl ; R = p-ClC6F4 or p-BrC6F4, X = I) and Pt[N(R)CH2CH2NMe2] Cl ( dmpy ) (R = p-HC6F4; dmpy = 2,5-dimethylpyridine), have been prepared by analogous decarboxylations between PtX2( dmen ), thallous 2,3,5,6- tetrafluorobenzoate, and the corresponding polyfluorobenzene, RF. The mixed halogen complex Pt[N(C6F5)CH2CH2NMe2]I0.63Cl0.37( py ) has been prepared similarly and the crystal structure determined. This shows square-planar stereochemistry with the halogen and pyridine trans to NC6F5 and NMe2 respectively. Comparison of spectroscopic data suggests the other complexes have similar stereochemistry.


Information decompositions quantify how the Shannon information about a given random variable is distributed among several other random variables. Various requirements have been proposed that such a decomposition should satisfy, leading to different candidate solutions. Curiously, however, only two of the original requirements that determined the Shannon information have been considered, namely monotonicity and normalization. Two other important properties, continuity and additivity, have not been considered. In this contribution, we focus on the mutual information of two finite variables $Y,Z$ about a third finite variable $S$ and check which of the decompositions satisfy these two properties. While most of them satisfy continuity, only one of them is both continuous and additive.


The development of the aviation industry requires the efficient state sectoral policy, which confronts the need for maximization of customer satisfaction, supporting competitiveness of the industry actors, promoting innovations and technological and knowledge sharing, increasing efficiency of the operations, securing financial returns needed to attract investors. The main challenge for the industry is to balance the interests of the actors of the industry. The technology and investment focus of a sectoral policy, which represents the traditional approach, cannot achieve goals of sustainable development any longer. The customer satisfaction represented as a customer value in economic terms is the primary result to deliver for designing the industrial relations networks and value-chains. The structure of the aviation industry is extremely complex as it combines many businesses of global, national and local scale, the multilayer patterns of competition relations and cooperation clusters. The shift towards a customer-oriented sectoral policy groups the industry along the steps of value-creation process, which are all operations for trip arrangements, airport experience and the flight. To analyze the developments inside every step the concept of business ecosystem may be introduced. It focuses on the core value-creating processes and the actors involved. The ecosystem approach helps to define the key factors for the sustainable development of the aviation industry and design the appropriate and efficient sectoral policy.


Innovation is the key to success in every sphere of Life. Changes are happening in everyday life and one has to adapt to new situations and face challenges. Technical Education is no exception to this phenomenon. There is need to change curriculum and traditional teaching methods. This paper focuses on 'Change Management' and Re-engineering of Educational processes. IT has enormous potential and we can improve learning processes dramatically with IT as change enabler and innovation happens as a side product. Some of the paradigms discussed are Business Process Re-Engineering, Kaizen, and Six Sigma, e-learning etc. In spite of its complexity and long time taken for its implementation, reengineering the educational processes is the only solution to bring forth drastic changes and improvement in current Educational systems. Some of the problems in implementing BPR are resistance to change and lack of management support etc, resulting in failures. These problems can be circumvented by addressing critical success factors of Re-engineering. E-learning can be used successfully by harnessing the innovations happening in Internet and World Wide Web. In recent times emphasis is shifting from Instruction paradigm to learning paradigm and a learner centric approach will promote active learning. A case study was presented which introduces a new paradigm for students, an E-learning system which offers opportunities for alternative form of learning using powerful internet web site content creation, maintenance and web analytic tools.


Abstract RECENT reports (Matterson et al., 1953; Menge et al., 1953; and Saxena and McGinnis, 1952) have shown supplemental synthetic DL-methionine to be of value in practical broiler diets. The basal diets in each case appeared to be borderline in their content of the sulfur-bearing amino acids, methionine and cystine, according to National Research Council allowances (1950) or to the more recent data of Almquist (1952). It has always been assumed that methionine will produce a beneficial effect only when added to a diet deficient in the sulfur-bearing amino acids. It was of interest, then, to test the effect of supplemental DL-methionine in diets containing adequate amounts of methionine in the natural, bound form, especially since previous observations from this laboratory indicated that free DL-methionine in broiler diets might have some unique, beneficial effect. This paper reports two experiments in which the effect of DL-methionine was tested as a supplement to …


A mutation for blue (methyl-violet) flower color was induced by gamma irradiation of dry seed in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Inheritance and allelism tests demonstrated that the mutation is controlled by a single recessive gene that is not allelic with Sal or V. The gene symbol blu is proposed for this mutant. Linkage was detected between blu and Fin, which controls the change from indeterminate to determinate plant habit. Three linkage estimates ranged from 19 to 35 cM, but the large variability (homogeneity x 2 = 45.32) precludes making a conclusive combined estimate of linkage. The tentative combined estimate of linkage is 27 cM. The most recent comprehensive review of flower color ge- netics in common bean is that of Yarnell (1965). A more recent but less comprehensive review was made by Leakey (1988), which has helpful illustrations (after Prakken (1972)) of color patterns on the wing and banner petals. In this paper, all color names and numeric designations are taken from the 1938 edition of the Horticultural Colour Charts of the Royal Horticultural Society. In common bean a recessive allele at either P or T will pro- duce an all-white flower. In the presence of P and T, the V locus can express a series of colors (wing petal only): V gives bishops-violet, V/v gives cobalt-violet, v lae gives rose-purple, and v gives white. In the presence of P and T with v or v, rk d


Collecting labeled data for training of models for image recognition problems, including handwritten text recognition (HTR), is a tedious and expensive task. Recent work on handwritten text generation shows that generative models can be used as a data augmentation method to improve the performance of HTR systems. We propose a new method for handwritten text generation that uses generative adversarial networks with multi-class conditional batch normalization, which enables us to use character sequences with variable lengths as conditional input. Compared to existing methods, it has significantly lower memory requirements which are almost constant regardless of the size of the character set. This allows us to train a generative model for languages with a large number of characters, such as Japanese. We also introduce an additional condition that makes the generator aware of vertical properties of the characters in the generated sequence, which helps generate text with well-aligned characters in the text line. Experiments on handwritten text datasets show that our proposed model can be used to boost the performance of HTR, particularly when we only have access to partially annotated data and train our generative model in a semi-supervised fashion. The results also show that our model outperforms the current state-of-the-art for handwritten text generation. In addition, we perform a human evaluation study that indicates that the proposed method generates handwritten text images that look more realistic and natural. Our source code will be available at https://github.com/janzd/jokergan.


Abstract There are various models for supporting students with disability and their teachers in mainstream schools. In New South Wales, each school has a learning and support teacher allocation and the New South Wales Department of Education recommends each school have a learning support team. This paper draws on in-depth interviews with school staff from 22 schools, including 16 learning and support teachers, 20 class teachers, 25 school executives and other stakeholders. We report here on the role of learning and support teachers and learning support teams in planning, implementing and evaluating adjustments and on the operation of learning support teams. Qualitative analysis of the interview transcripts revealed two kinds of learning support teams: those that focus on a particular student and those that oversee the education and resource provision for all students with disability in a school. Some teams had more of a focus on administration and resourcing, while others dealt more with educational adjustments. Similarly, some learning and support teachers were more involved in administrative and liaison roles, while others were more active in supporting teachers and providing services directly to students. The most detailed descriptions of support were provided by learning and support teachers with special education qualifications.


We propose to generate an ultra-high magnetic field greater than 10 MG on the basis of a z-pinch liner powered with a fast disk flux compression generator (DFCG) and a MC-I generator. A mathematical model of the electromagnetic liner acceleration and the magnetic flux compression when DFCG current passes through the liner in z-pinch geometry is formulated. The DFCG was simulated magnetohydrodynamically as a variable inductance with set time dependence according to calculated and experimental results. Numerical simulations were made on the basis of a system of one-dimensional equations of MHD in Lagrange variables together with differential circuit equations for the DFCG and liner. DFCG and liner parameters were determined by calculations, allowing us to obtain a magnetic field greater than 10 MG in a cylindrical volume of 5-10 cm length and 3-5 mm radius.


LI Yong-cui's syndrome differentiation and treatment of daftness in Jiudetang Yi'an has seven characters:pulse differentiation;thesame treatment for different disease based on insane and flaccidity differentiation;heat-cold and deficiency-excess differentiation;transformation of daftness;phlegm-fire and qi-biood differentiation;three yang meridians differentiation;Wei-Qi-Ying-Xue differentiation and differentiation of congenital foundation and acquired constitution.


Charge-trapping characteristics of SrTiO 3 with and without nitrogen incorporation were investigated based on Al / Al 2 O 3 / SrTiO 3 / SiO 2 / Si (cid:2) MONOS (cid:3) capacitors. A Ti-silicate interlayer at the SrTiO 3 / SiO 2 interface was confirmed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Compared with the MONOS capacitor with SrTiO 3 as charge-trapping layer (cid:2) CTL (cid:3) , the one with nitrided SrTiO 3 showed a larger memory window (cid:2) 8.4 V at (cid:2) 10 V sweeping voltage (cid:3) , higher P/E speeds (cid:2) 1.8 V at 1 ms +8 V (cid:3) and better retention properties (cid:2) charge loss of 38% after 10 4 s (cid:3) , due to the nitrided SrTiO 3 film exhibiting higher dielectric constant, higher deep-level traps induced by nitrogen incorporation, and suppressed formation of Ti silicate between the CTL and SiO 2 by nitrogen passivation. © 2011 American Institute of Physics . (cid:4) doi:10.1063/1.3601473 (cid:5) Charge-trapping nonvolatile (cid:2) CTN (cid:3) memories with dis-crete traps in dielectric for charge storage are as a candidate for next-generation nonvolatile memories, to their lower power higher reliability, scaling


High-temperature dielectric properties of perovskite-related CaCu3Ti4O12 single and polycrystalline samples were studied. Both samples show a very similar high dielectric response, while the value of single crystal is about two times as large as those of polycrystalline ceramic samples. The dielectric constant shows a shoulder-like round anomaly around 600 K with increasing temperature, and a dielectric anomaly at 726 K for the present single crystal (732 K for ceramic samples). The present evidence means that a structural phase transition occurs in CaCu3Ti4O12 at 726 K. The origin of high dielectric response is not related to an extrinsic one due to grains and grain boundary layers.


The invention discloses a concrete piston which comprises a connecting rod and a piston head, wherein the connecting rod and the piston head are articulated through a cup-and-ball joint; and the ball head semicircular surface of the cup-and-ball joint vertical to the center line of the piston head is arranged at the front end of a sealing lip of the piston head. In case of deflection under the action of external force, the concrete piston can restore to the better coaxiality of the piston head and a piston cylinder under the action of smaller restoring force, the wear of the sealing lip of the piston head is reduced, and the service life is prolonged. The invention also discloses concrete pumping equipment comprising the concrete piston.


Diphenylcyclopropenone reacts with 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran to give a benzotropone derivative 5, with 3-carboalkoxyaziridines to give trans-3-pyrrolines (e.g. 10), and with a 3-cyanoaziridine to give the pyrrole 20. Possible mechanisms of these reactions are considered and compared with previous 1,3-dipolar additions to cyclopropenones.


Years went by, and the ambulance was very busy. A temporary visitor (who must have been a communist or a bolshevist) suggested that it would be better to build a fence along the edge of the precipice. The suggestion met with great scorn and was successfully opposed to the tune of a slogan, "Why put up a fence while the ambulance works in the valley?" Which of the two implications most applies to the present popularity of clinical and guidance work one cannot say. Perhaps both. Whether or not American education will ever find a synthesizing philosophy capable of co-ordinating and properly balancing its activities may be doubted, but at least one may say that something of the sort is needed. AUSTIN H. TURNEY UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS