The text provides a description as well as an analysis of mental disorders as socially constructed entities while focusing on the category of normality not only in its medical sense but also in social and cultural one. Our methodology has to be understood as rooted in social constructionism. We work with concepts created within social anthropology and semiotics but also existentialist psychotherapy or Mad Studies. When postulating mental disorder as a topic of social anthropology, we suggest that mental disorder is one of the key concepts behind the social and cultural understanding of normality: normality in regard to emotions, thinking, and behaviour is to a great extent defined negatively – that is, by what it isn't – with mental disorder being one of its major opposites. Normality in Western societies is significant mostly in the areas of mental health, sexuality, and gender whereas these areas may overlap; being different in terms of sexuality or gender (as in gender identity or gender expression) may be – and often is – interpreted as a sign of a mental disorder.


IBE, R. A.(Dept. Anthropology, Stony Brook (SUNY), Stony Brook, NY 11794). Postglacial montane vegetational history around Balsam Lake, Catskill Mountains, New York. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 112:176-186. 1985-A history of postglacial local and extralocal montane vegetation is preserved in sediments recovered from Balsam Lake, a small lake (ca. 2 ha) in the western Catskill Mountains, New York, and a radiocarbon-dated sequence is provided as time control. Early postglacial pollen assemblage zones at Balsam Lake are similar to pollen assemblage zones recognized elsewhere in New York and in New England. Abies and Picea forests became dominant in the Balsam Lake area around 12,000 Y BP and were replaced largely by Pinus which reached its highest development by 9,000 Y BP. By 7,000 Y BP Pinus was succeeded by Tsuga, Betula, Fagus, and Acer. Fossil pollen from these genera are compatible with the local and extralocal present-day vegetational community structure surrounding Balsam Lake. Except for the dramatic Tsuga decline recorded around 4430 Y BP, the pollen record at Balsam Lake from the mid-holocene to the present registers only slight changes in pollen frequencies for most major trees. These changes include a partial recovery of Tsuga and the appearance of Castanea pollen by 2,500 Y BP. Some regional components of the pollen rain are preserved in the Balsam Lake sediments as weaker pollen signals from surrounding lowland positions. These signals are broadcast mainly from prolific pollen producers, such as Quercus, and they may represent larger vegetational events occurring at lower elevations (below 500m). Poor pollen producers (e.g., Carya,Juglans) are not strongly represented in the Balsam Lake pollen record. Evidence indicates that the fossil pollen record is influenced largely by site elevation and surface area of the pollen catchment site.


In The End of the Affair,Graham Greene chooses the first-person narrative as narrative perspective for the first time in his writing of novels.This paper begins with talking about the reasons for his choosing the first-person narrative as this novel's narrative perspective,then analyzes how he uses innovatively the features of the firs-person narrative-limitation and complexity-to depict the protagonist's spiritual world;it aims to provide a new perspective to understand the remarkable value of the first-person narrative in this novel.


The Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) is one of the common object representation models in the field of target tracking. However, existing GMM modeling methods are time-consuming. In this paper, we present a method to quickly model the object by a GMM in the joint feature-spatial space. A new measure based on approximations of symmetric KL-Divergence is used to compute the similarity between two GMMs. Experiments show that our modeling method is more efficient than existing methods, and our measure is more discriminative and robust than exist measures. Moreover, our tracker has better stability and a higher accuracy than the color histogram based tracker.


Corona discharge air plasma (CDAP) is a nonthermal decontamination technology which is generating antimicrobial agents such as photons, electrons, positively and negatively charged ions, atoms, and free radicals. We investigated the effect of a corona discharge under atmospheric pressure on the sterilization of postharvest fungal pathogens on onion. The main antimicrobial reactive substance generated by CDAP was O3. The active species such as nitric oxide (NO) and nitric dioxide (NO2) were nearly detected in this experiment. CDAP treatment revealed different isolation frequencies depending on postharvest pathogens from diseased onions, showing less isolation frequency of Fusarium spp. and Alternaria sp. than that of Botrytis spp. when compared with untreatment onions during 10-month cold storage. CDAP treatment at 2∼2.6 ppm of O3 slightly stimulated the mycelial growth of Alternaria sp., while the treatment at 20∼24 ppm of O3 gradually inhibited mycelial growth by treatment time. However, Botrytis sp. showed different patterns of mycelial growth with CDAP treatment. Less than 4 hours' treatment of CDAP slightly inhibited the mycelial growth of Botrytis sp., while 8 hours' treatment of CDAP slightly stimulated the mycelial growth of Botrytis sp. not depending on the concentration of O3. The inhibitory effect of CDAP on the conidial germination of Alternaria sp. and Botrytis sp. was examined with treatment time and intensity of CDAP. The conidial germination of Alternaria sp. treated with CDAP at the concentration of 13.7∼14.4 ppm of O3 was strongly inhibited by time, showing y = 2.66x2 − 85.139x + 4.88 and R2 = 0.98. When the conidia of Alternaria sp. were exposed for 2 hours with varying plasma O3 concentration, the conidial germination was strongly inhibited as the concentration of O3 increases, showing y = −0.09x2 + 6.905x − 0.764 and R2 = 0.95. The conidia of Botrytis sp. also showed similar patterns to CDAP. The inhibitory effect of CDAP on the germination of postharvest pathogens depends on treatment time and O3 concentration.


This paper considers least square (LS) based estimation of the amplitude and square amplitude of a quantized sine wave, done by considering random initial record phase. Using amplitude- and frequency-domain modeling techniques, it is shown that the estimator is inconsistent, biased, and has a variance that may be underestimated if the simple model of quantization is applied. The effects of both sine wave offset values and additive Gaussian noise are considered. General estimator properties are derived, without making simplifying assumptions on the role of the quantization process, to allow assessment of measurement uncertainty, when this LS procedure is used.


This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact email@example.com. ii ACKNGJIEIXlMENTS The experimenter would like to thank the members of his faculty adviso17' for their help in evaluating and refining the exper1ment. He would also like to thank his oolleagues at Chicago State Hospital fer their constructive comments and criticisDl8 regarding the theory and procedure involved in the studT. Hospital, tor his help in obtaining the patient subject. and his help in the testing procedure. iii VITA Melvin D. Frank was raised in the village of Lombard, Illinois and. psychology intern, and he 18 presently Chief of Service for the adolescent treatment program at Chicago Stat. Hospital.


Based on reliability research in Three Gorges Project giant concrete construction system,this paper presents relative theory and method of fuzzy reliability integration analysis.A reliability description of giant construction system is proposed and a fuzzy reliability analysis integration system for Three Gorges Project giant concrete construction system is designed.Application and practice in projects indicate that the fuzzy reliability integration analysis method is able to reflect the fuzzy characteristic of construction system,which provides a new way of integration analysis for fuzzy evaluation of the system failure.


Disclosed are suitably structured storage tanks which substantially eliminate blending problems in thermal storage systems. More particularly is disclosed floatable baffle and flexible diaphragm means for preventing blending of different temperatures of water in a storage tank. Also disclosed is a thermal storage system wherein the tanks are at the base of a building and which includes the use of energy conserving turbines to further enhance the benefits of thermal storage. Direct pumping entry of the storage water at a low pressure is permitted into the load circuit which is at a substantially higher pressure and the turbine conserves energy required in the pumping.


This paper presents our response to the national need to educate more students in the area of power systems engineering. Our Electric Energy Systems Control Program (EESCP) is described, both in terms of (1) individual courses, sequences of courses, and subprograms of concentration, and (2) the development of the Electric Energy System Control Laboratory Facility (EESCL). The description is organized so as to emphasize the close relationships between the particular EESCL equipment purchased and the development of the individual courses. The present status of the EESCP Program development is given as is an assessment of our progress measured against our educational objectives. Discussion is also provided relative to our future plans in further developing our educational program in power systems education.


Although web search on mobile devices is common, little is known about how users read search result lists on a small screen. We used eye tracking to compare users' scanning behaviour of web search engine result pages on a small screen (hand-held devices) and a large screen (desktops or laptops). The objective was to determine whether search result pages should be designed differently for mobile devices. To compare scanning behaviour, we considered only the fixation time and scanning strategy using our new method called 'Trackback'. The results showed that on a small screen, users spend relatively more time to conduct a search than they do on a large screen, despite tending to look less far ahead beyond the link that they eventually select. They also show a stronger tendency to seek information within the top three results on a small screen than on a large screen. The reason for this tendency may be difficulties in reading and the relative location of page folds. The results clearly indicated that scanning behaviour during web search on a small screen is different from that on a large screen. Thus, research efforts should be invested in improving the presentation of search engine result pages on small screens, taking scanning behaviour into account. This will help provide a better search experience in terms of search time, accuracy of finding correct links, and user satisfaction.


The rapid prototyping (RP) process is being used widely with great potential for rapid manufacturing of functional parts. The RP process involves translation of the CAD file to STL format followed by slicing of the model into multiple horizontal layers, each of which is
reproduced physically in making the prototype. The thickness of the resulting slices has a
profound effect on the surface finish and build time of the prototype. The purpose of this paper is to show the effects of slice thickness on the surface finish, layering error, and build time of a prototype, as well as to show how an efficient STL file can be developed. Three
objects were modeled and STL files were generated. One STL file for each object was sliced using different slice thicknesses, and the build times were obtained. Screenshots were used to show the slicing effect on layering error and surface finish and to demonstrate the means to a
more efficient STL file. From the results, it is clear that the surface finish and build time are
important factors that are affected by slice thickness


Inhibition and enhancement of the fluorescence from embedded fluorescent defects in colloidal crystals (CCs) is demonstrated. The embedded defects, which are verified by the passbands and scanning electron microscope images, are fabricated inside the CCs by employing two-photon polymerization of allyl-fluorescein (allyl-FL) doped photoresist. The fluorescence image is indistinct when the photoluminescence band of allyl-FL locates at the photonic stopband. However, a bright fluorescence image is observed when the photoluminescence band is located at the photonic stopband edge. The inhibition and enhancement in fluorescence is ascribed to the manipulation of the spontaneous emission of the allyl-FL by the photonic stopband, which is verified by the fluorescence spectra of the allyl-FL infiltrated in the CCs with different photonic stopbands. This study will be prospective in bio-imaging and miniature lasers.


The landing of British troops in Kuwait in 1961 was one of most successful military operations of the United Kingdom army after the end of World War Two. This testing of the British concept of remote control under the situation in the region to the East from Suez made an impression on the Arab World. By flexing the muscles the government of Harold Macmillan did the same what Sir Antony Eden wanted to do in 1956, but the result was better.


We find the equilibrium steady state trading strategy for a dealer, or stock-broker, on an exchange, who gains information from the inflow of orders and must determine how to release the information to the rest of the exchange through time. We show that dealer behaviour is motivated by difl'erences in expected returns and the current order inflow, und information is released at a slower rate than it is received. This model ol' dealer behaviour generates increased asset price volatility. We also discuss the effects of increased competitiveness in the dealer industry and establish the limiting properties as the industry approaches perfect competition, in particular the increased volatility persists in the limit. have substantially paper.


Javanese language is a local language in Indonesia with its largest users. Although some  people are worried about the vitality of the language due to the increasing use of Indonesian and foreign languages among youth, until now the Javanese language still exist among its speakers. To maintain the language vitality among Indonesian and foreign languages pressure there should be a language preservation effort. One of language preservation effort can be done through the enrichment of the dictionary vocabularies. In Javanesse, the elative adjectives were productive and systematic part of speeches. The purpose of this study was to describe the elative adjectives which are both productive and potential part of speech to enrich the Javanese vocabulary. This research applied qualitative descriptive method.The result of the study proves that 28 elative adjectives have produced 52 words to enrich Javanese vocabularies.


Abstract
 This chapter describes the role of good stockmanship on the improvement of animal welfare, the detrimental effects of fear on productivity, the importance of positive attitudes towards animals for improving both welfare and productivity; how to train stockpeople to have more positive attitudes and how to remedy barriers to improving stockmanship.


Abstract Development of an operational flood forecasting system and assessment of forecast uncertainty are the principal topics of this paper. Flood forecasting procedures are developed for a Mediterranean environment. A procedure that uses the Ensemble Prediction System as input for a semidistributed hydrologic model is presented. A rainfall downscaling model is used to bridge the scale gap between numerical weather prediction model output and hydrologic modeling input. The results are illustrated for the November 1994 Piedmont flood.


The author analysed the significances of the stereotypes about the called "black race" through the football. Symbolised as "monkeys" or part of the "natural/animal world", which senses assume the established stereotypes for the "black race" and that have been activated by the Brazilian football? In this way, the author observed the offences heard in the stadiums between 2005 and 2011 and concluded that the reason why these representations have emerged during a conflict moment reveals that "race" is activated due to the balance of civil and sportive rights, resembling the intern differences of those who live in a liberal and egalitarian country.


Objectives  Although the etiopathogenesis of Behcet's disease (BD) remains unknown, increased neutrophil functions such as chemotaxis, phagocytosis and excessive production of reactive oxygen species, including superoxide anion, may be responsible for the oxidative tissue damage observed in BD. Cytochrome P‐450 are a multigene family of enzymes involved in the detoxification and occasional activation of a wide variety of chemicals. Our aim was to investigate CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 polymorphisms in patients with BD.


Named Data Networking (NDN) has been recently extended to enable the discovery and provisioning by name of in-network cloud-like services such as processing and data storage. Such a feature is particularly helpful in distributed edge environments, where mobile end devices can be involved in service offering. In such a context, a challenging issue is to motivate a mobile device to behave as a provider and share its resources (e.g., CPU, memory) in order to assist other end devices (consumers), in wireless proximity, asking for a given service. In this paper, we propose a solution revolving around two concepts: enhanced NDN primitives and a social-driven stimulus for mobile devices to volunteer as service providers. A bio-inspired response function is used by a potential provider's device to rate both its available resources and the social ties with the current consumer's device, established according to the Social Internet of Things (SIoT) paradigm. An early evaluation showcases to which extent the conceived solution allows a consumer to find a nearby provider available to offer its services, under different social neighbourhood settings.


It is known that the principal obstacle in obtaining thin films of uranium by vacuum evaporation is the high oxidation of this metal by the residual oxygen in the vessel. Some workers have therefore, logically, operated under ultra-vacuum in order to lower the partial pressure of oxygen. A method is proposed which makes use of the deoxidizing action of carbon added to the metal to be evaporated. The thermodynamic and kinetic oxidation conditions for uranium under vacuum were examined first. (tr-auth)


The article analyzes the current sanitary, environmental and town planning legislation of Ukraine and the main provisions of the EU Directives in the field of road construction, in particular, the requirements for the placement of enterprises for the manufacture of asphalt concrete. An environmental and hygienic assessment of the impact of the activities of enterprises on the production of asphalt concrete on the state of the environment, taking into account the requirements of current legislation and the EU Directives. According to the results of the ecological and hygienic assessment of the asphalt-concrete plants investigated: it is established that ready-made bitumen (oil refining products) is used in production; enterprises are equipped with modern asphalt-concrete plants with environmentally friendly technologies; dust and gas cleaning systems have been introduced, etc. These measures stipulate the formation of less hazardous and less polluting emissions into the air at the border of the calculated sanitary protection zone from sources of environmental pollution of these enterprises. The foregoing updates the issue of a differentiated approach to the establishment of new hygienic standards for the size of the sanitary protection zone for asphalt plants, taking into account the capacity of the enterprise, the use of finished bitumen, modern technologies and the introduction of environmental measures.


GTP-binding proteins or GTPases are versatile cyclic molecular switches (reviewed in Gilman, 1987; Bourne et al., 1990, 1991). In the past few years there has been an explosion of interest in unraveling their role in membrane traffic (reviewed in Bourne, 1988; Balch, 1990). GTP-binding proteins are classified into two broad families: the ras-like monomeric GTP binding proteins and the heterotrimeric G proteins. Evidence from genetics, immunolocalization, and functional assays has established that two subfamilies of monomeric GTPbinding proteins, the rab and ARF subfamilies, are required for membrane traffic (reviewed in Pfeffer, 1992; Rothman and Orci, 1992). More recently, attention has turned to the role of heterotrimeric G proteins in membrane traffic (reviewed in Balch, 1992; Barr et al., 1992). This review will focus solely on the recent data that suggest that heterotrimeric G proteins are involved in membrane traffic.


The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic has caused a severe overload of intensive care units with a consequent drastic reduction of ordinary hospitalization, diagnostic tests, and interventions that has led to a significant increase in the number of deaths due to diseases other than the new coronavirus. Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and the forthcoming Sixth-Generation (6G) system may revolutionize the doctor-patient relationship and healthcare modalities owing to the introduction of eHealth (or digital health). In this context, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs) have vital importance in providing global connectivity thus improving the availability of eHealth services, especially in rural and remote areas. In this paper, we propose a Reliable Satellite Routing Algorithm (RSRA) for a 3D NTN based on Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites. RSRA enables health data detected by sensors worn by the patients to be transmitted to health professionals by selecting a chain of reliable LEO satellites in order to protect such sensitive data. The system-level performance of proposed RSRA algorithm is assessed through simulation campaigns and compared against a routing approach that neglects LEO satellite reliability.


We analyze in detail two-grid methods for solving the 1D Helmholtz equation discretized by a standard finite-difference scheme. We explain why both basic components, smoothing and coarse-grid correction, fail for high wave numbers, and show how these components can be modified to obtain a convergent iteration. We show how the parameters of a two-step Jacobi method can be chosen to yield a stable and convergent smoother for the Helmholtz equation. We also stabilize the coarse-grid correction by using a modified wave number determined by dispersion analysis on the coarse grid. Using these modified components we obtain a convergent multigrid iteration for a large range of wave numbers. We also present a complexity analysis which shows that the work scales favorably with the wave number.


We use dynamic light scattering to investigate the fluctuation modes of a chiral smectic-$A$ liquid crystal which exhibits a metastable one-dimensional modulation of the smectic layers parallel to the average layer plane. The modulation, which contains two components (a ``main'' and ``fine'' structure), breaks translational symmetry in the layer plane, and produces two new hydrodynamic fluctuation modes in addition to the director fluctuations. In a sufficiently large applied electric field, the modulation is destabilized: large amplitude fluctuations of the symmetry-restoring modes are observed. Both the frequency and dispersion of these modes change significantly from the zero field case. We present a phenomenological elastic theory, which quantitatively describes the measured dispersion of the mode frequencies and amplitudes, in both zero and high applied field. We also discuss how the transition from zero to high applied field might be understood in terms of recent theories of smectic phases with broken layer inversion symmetry, which predict a nontrivial renormalization of the elastic constants due to anharmonic fluctuations.


Reconfigurable computing is an emerging field in this modern world of computer and electronics engineering, which allows the system hardware to be changed periodically in order to execute different applications on the same hardware. Partial reconfiguration is the prerequisite of reconfigurable computing, as it allows time-sharing of physical resources for the execution of multiple design modules. Moreover, partial reconfigurable modules can be swapped in or out on the fly from the operating environment control while other modules in the base design continue functioning without incurring any system downtime. This results in dramatically increase in speed and functionality of FPGA based system. This paper presents the algorithm for partial reconfiguration flow & implementation of reconfigurable modules (RM) on Xilinx Virtex-4(XC4VFX12). All the reconfigurable modules are designed and simulated to verify the functionality with supporting simulation tool on ModelSim-6.0d and synthesized with Xilinx 9.1i (ISE).


Given that journal impact factors now represent such a "hot" topic in the modern scientific world, it is essential that ergonomists remain fully cognizant of the citation‐based research that has been conducted in our field. This article reviews and examines bibliometric research in the ergonomics profession, ranging from seminal work on content analysis and citation indexing, to some of the latest research describing ergonomics journal lists and longitudinal impact factor trends. Overall, history has shown how citation‐based studies have become increasingly common in the ergonomics field during the past few decades, and, as we move through the 21st century, ergonomics journals continue to mature as a result. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


A coelacanth was presented by the French Government to Mr. SHORIKI for his efforts with the cultural exchange between Japan and France. It was his idea to first exhibit the fish to the general public at the Yomiuri park managed by him. However, he also hoped that the fish would be observed by Japanese ichthyologists. Therefore, his permission for the dissection was given to the ichthyologists providing they could dissect the coelacanth without injuring its external appearance.On July 2nd. 1967, the fish was dissected by several scholars. They consisted of specialists in morphology, neurology, paleontology, dentistry and so forth. To preserve the external appearance, the dissection was restricted mainly to the viscera. The authors of this report joined in the dissection and observed the dental system of the fish. No available study of the teeth and surrounding tissues of the coelacanth was found in the literature, excepting MILLOT and ANTHONY'S report [1]. However, their descriptions of the dental structures were unsatisfactory.A jaw tooth and some gill teeth were studied with conventional histologic techniques presented in this report. The terminology used in this paper is shown in Fig. 1.Jaw and gill teeth of a coelacanth (Latimeria chalumnal) were studied by means of a conventional histologic method. The teeth of this fish consisted of orthodentin and pulp. The tooth ankylosed with an attachment bone at their base. The attachment bone consisted of a cellular bone which was joined by a dense connective tissue with the jaw bone or the bone of the gill arch.One could not find any enamel like substance of the dentin surface. However, historadiographs showed some surface hypermineralization.The dense connective tissue between the attachment bone and the jaw bone or the bone of the gill arch, resembled that of a suture.No evidence of replacement of lost teeth was revealed.It was concluded that the histological structure of the coelacanth's tooth comprised one of the steps in the evolution of the exoskeleton of the ostracoderm to the teeth and supporting structures of the bony and cartilagenous fishes.Acknowledgements-The authors appreciate very much the permission given by Mr. Matsutaro Shoriki for the use of a rare fish coelacanth, and we are also particularly indebted to Professor Grant Van Huysen, Indiana -University School of Dentistry and Dr. Tokiharu Abe, Tokai Regional Fisheries Research Laboratory, for many helpful suggestions.


ABSTRACT:This article examines the current ethos of Russian Orthodox culture in terms of its correspondence to democratic values by analyzing the structure of memory of the Soviet past in the Orthodox milieu and among the Church's leadership. The premise is that collective memory of this kind can be a criterion in assessing the political ethos of a community. The memory of the Soviet past includes such elements as hagiography of the martyrs who died in the Soviet anti-religious terror; the issue of the Church's strategy of loyalty toward the repressive regime; the hermeneutics of trauma as providential sacrifice; and attitudes toward the Soviet past in view of Orthodox sociopolitical ideals. This article shows ambiguities in Orthodox assessment of the Soviet regime; but even the direct rejection of the Soviet past rarely translated into an engagement with a democratic agenda. This attitude is in line with the official endorsement by the Church leadership of Putin's authoritarian regime and of the Russian war in Ukraine started in 2022.


Economic models are often judged by the reality of their assumptions or their success at predicting realistic outcomes. In this paper I suggest a different criterion for judging models in international trade theory in competitive settings: (i) Does the model conform to common sense in leading to results that even suggest the model is not necessary, and yet (ii) Can the same model be used as a tool to reveal in simple terms why certain outcomes that may appear surprising (often labeled a paradox in trade theory) nonetheless are correct. Many trade theory paradoxes appear as the result of income effects in simple general equilibrium models. Here attention centers instead on two of the familiar production models: the specific factors model and the Heckscher-Ohlin model, either separately or when combined. It is shown that very basic properties of production underlie many of the surprising results in competitive trade theory.


Unsupervised language model adaptation for speech recognition is challenging, particularly for complicated tasks such the transcription of broadcast news (BN) data. This paper presents an unsupervised adaptation method for language modeling based on information retrieval techniques. The method is designed for the broadcast news transcription task where the topics of the audio data cannot be predicted in advance. Experiments are carried out using the LIMSI American English BN transcription system and the NIST 1999 BN evaluation sets. The unsupervised adaptation method reduces the perplexity by 7% relative to the baseline LM and yields a 2% relative improvement for a 10xRT system.


Introduction. Sample preparation schemes are multi-stage. Sample reduction in the process of preparation introduces extra inaccuracy in the result of sampling, consequently, sample preparation schemes inaccuracy should be calculated with further selection of its rational parameters. Research methodology is based on calculation by the formula of sample reduction random inaccuracy. Inaccuracy calculation of a sample preparation scheme. Calculation has been carries out of the scheme recommended by GOST 14180-80. Paradoxical growth of inaccuracy of sample preparation has been shown with ore homogeneity growth. Determination of sample mass by the stages of preparation. Standards and techniques of ore and nonferrous metals concentrates sampling for the creation of sample preparation schemes recommend finding the coefficient in minimum mass formula depending on the mass fraction variation coefficient in the sampled product. Sample preparation is carried out in laboratory conditions, and sample mass cannot depend on this coefficient of variation. Sample inhomogeneity in the laboratory depends only on the inhomogeneity of separate lumps of a sample. Sample inhomogeneity in the preparation laboratory is defined by lump dispersion, and the coefficient is the function of this dispersion, admissible inaccuracy of sample reduction and the dimensions of grain impregnations of the mineral which contains the analyte. 78 "Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal". No. 1. 2020 ISSN 0536-1028 For each factory, individual coefficient can be found, and sample masses can be calculated by the stages of preparation. Analysis of sample preparation schemes. Sample preparation scheme inaccuracy formula is given. Calculation and analysis of the model scheme of sample preparation according to GOST 14180-80 have shown that at the third crushing stage the sample is advisable to be crushed not up to 3, but up to 2 mm, and the recommended sample size at the final stage 8.08 hardly improves the result of preparation, that is why the previous recommendation of 0.1 mm can be used.


The invention relates to a data carrier (1) having a storage unit (2), a control unit (3) and a contact-type interface (5, 6), comprising the contact pads (5) for at least one power supply and a data transfer. The data carrier according to the invention is characterized geknnzeichnet that a test signal generating means (4, 8, 11) is provided for generating test signals that are required for a test of the data carrier (1), and the data carrier (1) is switchable into a test mode in which generated for the test by the clock signal generating means (4, 8, 11), test signals (CLK_TEST, RST_TEST) are used.


The changes in the structure-phase state of the surface layer of molybdenum caused by the action of a soft-X-ray beam of energy density E<9 J/cm/sup 2/ and pulse duration 0.1 /spl mu/s were investigated by the methods of optical metallography, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. It has been found that the action of a soft X-ray beam causes the surface under irradiation to melt, produces thin films of complex-composition amorphous phases, and increases (almost doubles) the microhardness of the surface layer. The irradiation with soft X-rays has been demonstrated to be highly efficient method for enhancing the performance of materials and article. This method allows surface modification modes which, preserving the surface condition, preclude, in particular, crater formation, surface melting, etc.


The invention provides a method for marking a transverse section angle and a sagittal section angle of a bilateral pedicle screw, belongs to the technical field of medical treatment, and aims to solve the problem that a method for marking the transverse section angle and the sagittal section angle of the bilateral pedicle screw accurately according to the transverse section angle and the sagittal section angle of the central axis of the bilateral pedicle is absent in a human spine pedicle screw implanting operation process. The main point of the adopted technical scheme is that a pre-operation CT (computed tomography) image data is used for individualized accurate measurement of the transverse section angle and the sagittal section angle of the central axis of the bilateral pedicle of a patient spine, during operation, the transverse section angle and the sagittal section angle for implanting of the bilateral pedicle screw are marked accurately through scale on an instrument according to measured data, and the operation is guided for smooth performing. The main application is that the transverse section angle and the sagittal section angle of the bilateral pedicle screw are marked quickly and accurately according to the individualized CT data of the spine, and the transverse section angle and the sagittal section angle of the central axis of the bilateral pedicle are consistent with the transverse section angle and the sagittal section angle of the bilateral pedicle screw, so that the operation effect is improved, and complication is reduced.


A framework for understanding the synthesis and catalysis of metabolites and other biochemicals by proteins is crucial for unraveling the physiology of cells. To create such a framework for Zea mays L. subsp. mays (maize), we developed MaizeCyc, a metabolic network of enzyme catalysts, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, secondary plant products, and other metabolites by annotating the genes identified in the maize reference genome sequenced from the B73 variety. MaizeCyc version 2.0.2 is a collection of 391 maize pathways involving 8889 enzyme mapped to 2110 reactions and 1468 metabolites. We used MaizeCyc to describe the development and function of maize organs including leaf, root, anther, embryo, and endosperm by exploring the recently published microarray‐based maize gene expression atlas. We found that 1062 differentially expressed metabolic genes mapped to 524 unique enzymatic reactions associated with 310 pathways. The MaizeCyc pathway database was created by running a library of evidences collected from the maize genome annotation, gene‐based phylogeny trees, and comparison to known genes and pathways from rice (Oryza sativa L.) and Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. against the PathoLogic module of Pathway Tools. The network and the database that were also developed as a community resource are freely accessible online at http://maizecyc.maizegdb.org to facilitate analysis and promote studies on metabolic genes in maize.


Considers that, occasionally, only part of an experiment can be completed owing to some uncontrollable causes such as the damage to the instrument, power failure during the experiment, and time and cost limitations. States that such incomplete data are generally referred to as censored data. Shows that conventional approaches for analysis of censored data are computationally complicated and often difficult to explain to practitioners. In this work, an effective procedure based on the rank transformation of the responses and the regression analysis is proposed for analysing an experiment with singly censored data. Proposes the procedure is simpler than conventional methods such as maximum likelihood estimation and Taguchi's minute accumulating analysis. Verifies the proposed procedure by a numerical example.


Root aerenchyma formation is considered to be one of the most important characteristics for adapting to flooding. Using an F2 population of maize B64 × teosinte Zea nicaraguensis, we earlier found that, in Z. nicaraguensis, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in two regions of chromosome 1 (Qaer1.02-3 and Qaer1.07) are associated with aerenchyma formation under non-flooding conditions. The objective of this study was to determine the utility of these (and any other) aerenchyma QTLs in marker-assisted maize breeding. For this study, an elite maize Mi29 × teosinte Z. nicaraguensis 214 BC2F1 individual population was used for advanced backcross-QTL mapping (AB-QTL). An SSR-based map was constructed using 94 markers, covering 852.7 cM for the ten chromosomes. Mapping revealed that a QTL for aerenchyma formation under non-flooding conditions exhibiting a larger effect was located on chromosome 1 (bin 1.06), the position of which was close to the previously identified Qaer1.07. Also, two QTLs with minor effects were mapped to a different position on chromosomes 1 (bin 1.11) and 5 (bin 5.09). With a few additional backcrosses, it will be possible to obtain near-isogenic lines possessing aerenchyma-forming genes. These materials may be useful in breeding flooding-tolerant maize hybrids.


This paper investigated collision-free motion planning of planar underactuated robots.Proposed a new method based on genetic algorithm.Modified the generalized forces of non-holonomic constraints equations by the virtual spring-damper model when there were obstacles in workspace.Adopted the partly stable controllers and built the energy based fitness function,then obtained the best switching sequence of partly stable controllers by genetic algorithm.At last numerical simulations on the planar 3R underactuated robot show the validity of the proposed method.


When composites are employed as structural materials, joining of composites to other materials is necessary because manufacturing structures with composites only is not generally feasible, Clamping force is a key element that alters the mechanism and sequence of failure in bolted joints of composite laminates this failure in bolted joints can be controlled by geometrical parameters To increase the efficiency of whole structures with the composite bolted joints, the laminate with stacking sequence. Hence this bolted may be analysis to tensile increase the behaviour and strength of bolted joints.& can be understood a good comprehension of the local behaviour of the fasteners and surrounding composite is needed this can be done by using experiments.


Abstract It is broadly acknowledged that effective serials management supports and requires a close link between the staff in technical and public services. More recently, new technological opportunities combined with changes in library organization and administration have greatly facilitated this linkage. The nature and structure of a library's organization can aid in and benefit from this connectedness. Departments in the University of Louisville's public and technical services areas began a cooperative effort to maintain serials records in the online catalog in the early 1990s. With reorganization in the late 1990s, a new team structure emerged which further facilitated this effort. In return, this cooperation and the tools that it has created support the teams in a new user-centered approach to serials management.


The COVID-19 health crisis triggered an increase in prevalence of psychological distress in health personnel in training. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress in health personnel who have cared for patients with COVID-19. A cross-sectional study was carried out, from March to September 2021, among health personnel enrolled in some medical specialty of the Military Graduate School of Health. Symptoms of anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress were measured, as well as associated demographic factors. A study sample of 170 health personnel in training were surveyed online; 76% reported being a doctor and 24% were nurses, 54% were female sex, 52% in the age group between 30 and 39 years, most with single marital status and no children. Of the participating health personnel, we found prevalence's of 30% anxiety, 34% depression, and 6% post-traumatic stress. When performing Pearson's correlation, it was found that variables such as infected family member, number of times infected, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale-7 (GAD-7), were significantly associated with the total of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5) score. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant psychological impact, manifesting itself in the form of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress in military health personnel in training. Therefore, it is of great importance to detect at least this psychic discomfort from the pandemic in front-line personnel, so that decision-makers in health policies address them as priority problems for health personnel.


Based on the interviews, the article considers social characteristics of the representative bodies of five Udmurt Republic towns: Glazov, Mozhga, Sarapul, Votkinsk, and Kambarka. Local councils of deputies do not play a significant role in the distribution of power in Russian towns and are referred to as 'dormant institutions'. Their composition largely depends on the economic structure of the town and the staffing policy employed by the heads of their administration. However, the councils retain the role of public spaces for demonstrating political ambitions and status of individual and collective players in local politics and, as such, are used to visually demonstrate the presence of those players in local politics. For key local players, the councils remain the instruments of formal control over the decisions of local administration regarding the distribution of local resources. The conducted field research and analysis of statistical and biographical data made it possible to specify the social composition of local legislatures, dividing them into five main categories of town deputies: 'public workers', 'small and medium-sized entrepreneurs', 'big business representatives' ('factory representatives'), 'social activists', and 'others'. Based on this classification, the paper also defines four models of local government. DOI: 10.17072/2218-1067-2019-4- 44 - 57


Head and neck cancers are a very important public health problem in Poland and worldwide. Herein, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) constitutes 90% of all cases of cancers localised in the oral cavity and the oropharynx (OSCC). The etiology of OSCC is considered to be multifactorial, and oncogenic viruses are known to be involved in OSCC development [10]. Studies on the cancerogenecity of HPV in humans were conducted by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Accordingly, 10-30% of oral cancers are associated with HPV, while a number of other studies suggest, the participation of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), as well, in oral cancer. This is one of the most common viruses in humans, hence, it is classified as group 1 carcinogen by the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer [1,11]. Currently, epigenetics has been the most rapidly expanding field in biological sciences. Epigenetic instability is a change in the expression of genes that is not directly linked with the DNA sequence. Methylation occurs primarily during the S phase of the cell cycle and is based on the covalent attachment of methyl groups (-CH3) to the nitrogenous nucleobases (around CpG dinucleotide). In the human genome, approximately 70% of CpG islands have a methyl group attached to the cytosine, however, this process does not occur in areas essential for the basic processes of the cell. This includes the CpG island located at the 5' ends of the promoter regions of genes. Of note, gene silencing through promoter methylation is an important risk factor in TP53 promoter methylation in EBV and HPV associated oropharyngeal carcinoma – a pilot study


This letter presents an effective approach to reduce the quasi-E-plane beamwidth variation of EH1-mode microstrip leaky-wave antennas (MLWAs) as main beam scans from broadside to endfire. Theoretical equivalent modeling of quasi-E-plane radiation patterns of EH1-mode MLWAs is developed first, which intrinsically figures out two key factors that could effectively ameliorate the lateral beamwidth variation, i.e., enlarged strip width and increased operating frequency. Then, the unique pin-loaded technique is employed to realize of the above requisites, and full-wave numerical extraction is conducted to thoroughly reveal the pin-loaded features of flexibly enlarged lateral strip width. One set of analyzed parameters are selected for implementation of the proposed pin-loaded EH 1-mode MLWAs. And, a differentially driven antenna prototype is finally designed, fabricated, and tested. Both simulated and measured half-power beamwidths are in good accordance with the theoretical one, not only verifying the accuracy of the equivalent modeling but also validating our proposed approach to suppress the beamwidth variation during beam scanning.


Abstract : Several components of the Centaur need special thermal protection in the Tullahoma Test to achieve the test objectives. The method of heat addition, the insulation requirements, and the purge requirements for the critical areas are given herein. (Author)


In this study the reasons why Private Equity Firms take European companies private via leveraged buyout are examined. The data set comprises 73 LBOs from 1996 to 2002 in Europe. Findings from the multivariate regression strongly indicate that acquirers mainly look for target firms that experienced a poorly performing share price before the announcement of the acquisition. Furthermore, PE Firms pay significantly more for companies with a scattered shareholding structure and therefore weak monitoring of the management. Premiums in the UK where the common law is applied are significantly higher than in Continental Europe where civil law prevails. These findings are new in the context of the Leveraged Buyout literature and therefore broaden the empirical evidence found in the American markets of the 1980s.


The behavior of viscoelastic flow behind a two-dimensional slits was examined using direct numerical simulations (DNS). We performed DNS at five different conditions with changing the Reynolds number and the Weissenberg number, to investigate the parametric dependence of several characters of the viscoelastic flows (e.g., Toms effect and Barus effect) accompanied by the separation and reattachment. In the present conditions, the drag reduction rate was achieved from 15.1% to 19.7%. It was found that the wall-normal viscoelastic stress mainly enhanced the Barus effect in the present geometry and the streamwise viscoelastic force caused an increase of the drag. We found that, at a Weissenberg number higher than a certain level, the drag reduction rate should be decreased despite the reduced turbulent frictional drag. Moreover, we observed that, in the Newtonian flow, the spanwise vortices were dominant in a downstream region of the slits, while the streamwise vortices were dominant there in the case of the viscoelastic flow.Copyright © 2011 by JSME


Electrical conductivities of complex perovskites, layered perovskite and Sr doped layered perovskite oxides were measured and analyzed for cathode materials of Intermediate Temperature-operating Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (IT-SOFCs). The electrical conductivities of Sm 1-x Sr x CoO 3-δ (x = 0.3 and 0.7) exhibit a metal?insulator transition (MIT) behavior as a function of temperature. However, Sm 0.5 Sr 0.5 CoO 3-δ (SSC55) shows metallic conductivity characteristics and the maximum electrical conductivity value compared to the values of Pr 0.5 Sr 0.5 CoO 3-δ (PSC55) and Nd 0.5 Sr 0.5 CoO 3-δ (NSC55). The electrical conductivity of SmBaCo 2 O 5+δ (SBCO) exhibits a MIT at about 250℃. The maximum conductivity is 570 S/cm at 200℃ and its value is higher than 170 S/cm over the whole temperature range tested. SmBa 0.5 Sr 0.5 Co 2 O 5+δ (SBSCO), 0.5 mol% Sr and Ba substituted at the layered perovskite shows a typically metallic conductivity that is very similar to the behavior of the SSC55 cathode, and the maximum and minimum electrical conductivity in the SBSCO are 1280 S/cm at 50℃ and 280 S/cm at 900℃.


The article deals with the pre-school education in Azerbaijan. The author analyses the "Curriculum of Preschool Education in the Azerbaijan Republic" and specifies the requirements to managers and teachers of preschool institutions. Based on the undertaken analysis of Azerbaijan pre-school education system, it is concluded that the key problem affecting negatively the quality of education and training is the problem of human resources. It is emphasized that the main goal of the preschool education reforming is to implement the measures focused on improvement of professionalism and competency of teaching staff working in preschools.


Low frequency inverter in electronic ballast for HID headlamp and it's bootstrap drive circuits are quan-titatively analyzed.The inverter can output low frequency AC square wave current and voltage for avoiding acoustic reso-nant,and the bootstrap circuit can be used to drive flexibly for complex start or restart requirement.Analysis was verified by experimental results.


The whole of the qanun of natural resources in Aceh is enacted based on the competence of its enactment granted by some nation laws. Therefore, the position of it in terms of natural resources in nation legal system is equal to other regional laws that is as a rule in running regional autonomy as an implementing law from the nigher rule. Thus, in the enactment must follow the principles of qanun enactment as a part of national legal system. Keywords: qanun existence, natural resources, legal system


The invention discloses a near infrared spectroscopy analysis rapid detection method of rice freshness, comprising the following steps of: firstly, establishing a near infrared spectroscopy of a calibration set sample; secondly, preprocessing near infrared spectroscopy data of the calibration set sample; thirdly, extracting characteristic information of the near infrared spectroscopy of the calibration set sample; fourthly, establishing a calibration model; fifthly, verifying the calibration model; and sixthly, analyzing a sample to be tested, preprocessing the near infrared spectroscopy of the sample, extracting the characteristic information, and inputting into the calibration model to calculate the freshness of the rice sample. The invention has the advantages of rapid analysis speed, high analysis efficiency, low analysis cost, no pollution on environment without using any chemical reagent, and the like and can supply the reliable basis of rice classification, storage in separate rooms and quality control of rice and processed products.


It was shown that adaptation to intermittent hypoxia in altitude chamber prevented the poststress fall of the electrical threshold of heart fibrillation. In acute ischemia, the number of fibrillation episodes and the death rate of preadapted animals were 2‐3 fold lower than in controls. The adaptation to hypoxia resulted in a significant increase in concentration of opioid peptide β‐endorphin in adrenal glands while stress‐induced changes in β‐endorphin in brain structures of adapted animals were much less pronounced. In animals with postinfarction cardiosclerosis, the course of hypoxic actions resulted in restoration of the decreased heart fibrillation threshold, reduced the heart ectopic activity which had developed on the background of vagal bradycardia, and eliminated depression of the heart contractile function. Simultaneously, the adaptation induced a decrease of the postinfarction scar by one‐third and an increase of vascularization of the myocardial zone adjacent to the scar.


PURPOSE: An electronic parking brake apparatus integrated with a caliper is provided to generate final output torque which is enough park braking power by employing a coaxial gear unit with two hotwires. CONSTITUTION: An electronic parking brake apparatus integrated with a caliper comprises an EPB(Electric Parking Brake), an ECU(Electric Control Unit,1), a power assembly(4), a linear movement part(30) and a caliper(3). The EPB and the ECU controls the motion of the vehicle. The power assembly comprises a reducer and an integrated housing. A gear wheel(8) is installed on the side of a driving gear(7) directly delivered with the torque of a motor(5). The reducer has an axial power gear. The axial power gear generates the axial direction power pressing a pad(3b) toward a wheel disk(3c). The linear movement part comprises a screw shaft moving forward and backward. The caliper surrounds a wheel disk mounted on the caliper.


The analysis of most of the work on the use of surgical implants shows that the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of the implant surface determine the effectiveness of their use. Therefore, in the currently conducted research, the greatest attention is focused on the development of coating conditions on the surface of implants, limiting, among others, biofilm formation. In addition to the improvement of electrochemical properties, an important issue related to the production of layers is also an appropriate set of physical and mechanical properties. Therefore, the paper attempts to assess the physical and mechanical properties of the applied zinc oxide layers on the LVM 316 steel substrate using the atomic layer deposition (ALD) method. As part of the assessment of mechanical properties of the resulting surface layers, the tests of adhesion to the metal substrate (scratch test) were carried out. In turn, as part of the physical properties assessment, surface roughness tests (atomic force microscopy – AFM) and its wettability were carried out. Such a comprehensive approach will allow the development of an antibacterial layer with optimal physical and mechanical properties for applications with metal implants.


This paper probes into the 3 ambiguity types in the "N1+de+N2" structure in accordance with the types of nouns and their deep semantic relations.In Type One,both nouns are proper names of people or their identity.In Type Two,N1 is a noun of people or animal,and N2 is a noun of concrete or Abstract thing.In Type Three,N1 is a noun of place or unit and N2 is a noun of people or object.Moreover,the reasons for such ambiguity are supplied from the perspective of semantic relations,and the methods to split them up are proposed.


Portugal is one of the major Olive oil producers and, at the same time, one of the largest consumers per capita. Olive oil is one of the basic ingredients used in Mediterranean cuisine. Olive oil is appreciated for its great nutritional value, which depends, in part, on how it is produced and cultivated. Olive oil production is sometimes frowned upon because it can consume a lot of water, especially new varieties of irrigated olive trees. Some olive oil productions are more environmentally friendly than others. The implementation of traceability along the olive oil production chain, and throughout its entire value chain, is essential to promote transparency, through the registration of values that allow the assessment of quality and environmental impact, among other values that allow guaranteeing the provenance, variety, and quality of the olives, ensuring the authenticity of the final product. Thus, the consumer can decide which bottle of olive oil they want to buy, based on reliable and accurate information about the quality and environmental sustainability of the olive oil to purchase. This article presents the implementation of an olive oil traceability platform based on Blockchain and presents and analyzes the result of using the proposed platform for the 2022 harvest in a farm in the north of Portugal. The platform collects and stores information on sustainability and quality indicators in all activities in the production chain.


Helexova A., Somsak L., Žarnovican H.: The effect of ecological-sanitation measures on length of needles of Norway spruce (Picea abies K a r s t.) in district forest of the village of Nalepkovo. Ekologia (Bratislava), Vol. 25, No. 4, p. , 2006. This paper is focused on statistical evaluation of prospective effects of ecological-sanitation measures (liming and fertilisation) on needle length of Norway spruce (Picea abies K a r s t.), which was planted 8 years ago on semipractice experimental plots in the neighbourhood of Nalepkovo (Slovenske rudohorie Mts). The plots were established on clearings, which appeared after calamity decayed secondary spruce forests.


Purpose: The purpose of this research is, to investigate the impact of consumer demographics on level of brand relationship. Methodology: The authors performed a quantitative analysis by means of a survey using a judgmental sample technique. Independent t-test and one-way ANOVA were carried out to test directional hypotheses and to identify the impact of consumer demographics on their level of brand relationship. Findings: Result of present study shows that the demographics (gender, income, age, level of education and marital status) affect the level of brand relationship. Study also shows the strength of brand relationship changes with regards consumer demographics. Value: The study will provide base to the brand management academicians and practitioners to categories consumers on the basis of their brand relationship with consideration of consumers' demographic profile.


Acknowledging the shortfall in addressing road safety, in May 2007 a coordinated approach to road safety commenced in Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. A multi-agency approach led to the development of a road safety partnership project to reduce road trauma at the local government 'grass roots' level through infrastructure and behaviour changes initiatives. This paper traces the journey taken to introduce a road safety officer into the Moreton Bay Regional Council along with developing appropriate road trauma reduction strategies and actions across all travel modes at the local government level. The scheme has already won several awards. In April 2009, it was announced that the scheme would be introduced across Queensland through the regional road groups in the form of a road safety community partnership programme. With the development of a simple web-based template approach to developing road safety strategy and actions plans along with a road safety reference group providing peer support it is hoped t...


Laura Shapiro. 1986. Perfection Salad: Women and Cooking at the Turn of the Century. New York: Henry Holt and Company, Inc.


This paper presents design and implementation of Real time MATLAB Interface for speed control of induction motor drive using dsPIC 30F4011. In recent years, the field oriented control of induction motor drive is widely used in high performance drive system. It is due to its unique characteristics like high efficiency, good power factor and extremely rugged .This scheme leads to be able to adjust the speed of the motor by control the frequency and amplitude of the stator voltage, the ratio of stator voltage to frequency should be kept constant. The full text of the article is not available in the cache. Kindly refer the IJCA digital library at www.ijcaonline.org for the complete article. In case, you face problems while downloading the full-text, please send a mail to editor at email@example.com


A design technique for coupler curve generating mechanisms is developed. The procedure is based on a multi-variable search using an objective function developed from topological properties of spatial curves in an arbitrary reference system. The method completely specifies the mechanism and its orientation relative to the chosen co-ordinate system, which generates the best approximation to the desired curve. The procedure always converges from any set of starting conditions. The technique is well suited to digital computer design of planar and spatial mechanisms, as it permits both the synthesis and the kinematic analysis of the mechanism. The 4R and the RGCR four-bar spatial linkages with coupler points are used to illustrate the synthesis procedure.


A link map is a map from a union of spheres into another sphere with pairwise disjoint images. Two link maps are link homotopic if one can be deformed into the other by a homotopy through link maps. This rather crude equivalence relation was introduced in 1954 by Milnor[13] for classical links and an algorithm for the classification problem in this setting was given in 1990 by Habegger and Lin[4]. In the past years, link homotopy in higher dimensions has also attracted much renewed interest. For link maps in a large metastable range, the corresponding classification problem has been reduced to standard questions in homotopy theory by Koschorke[9, 10]. In this paper we consider link maps of 2-spheres into the 4-sphere. This is another interesting case which differs considerably from the two cases above because of the failure of Whitney's trick in dimension four. Here the first contribution was made in 1984 by Fenn and Rolfsen[2] who established the first non-trivial link map of two 2- spheres into the 4-sphere. Their idea has been generalized by Kirk[6] to define his σ-invariant that distinguishes infinitely many different link homotopy classes. For several years, Kirk's invariant remained the strongest invariant for link maps into the 4-sphere. Only recently, it became known that Kirk's invariant suffices to classify two-component link maps in dimension four [12].


Changes in global climate have a positive effect on the changes in hydrologic cycle, and leave their traces in the cycles of hydrogenic sediments and geomorphic evolutions. It is possible to explain the law of the climate change and tectonic movement in the course of the environmental evolutions during the Quaternary by way of identifying the different cycles and ages of hydrogenic sediments in each geomorphic period. This study is very much facilitated


A quick glance at the recent history of Latin America shows the point to which the period evokes an advent of the age of reason for the continent. Pacified thanks to the lucky gamble of an integration based on growth and democracy, the political system, however, excludes a large part of the population, leading to new political tensions, delimited by the contours of the "losing" social classes. Thus, Latin America, despite the decline of the revolutionary phenomenon of the '60s and '70s, may once again find itself on the brink of radical movement. The new leftist "populist" powers, especially Bolivarian socialism, are willing to respond to the expectations of the less-favored classes by modifying the political regime.


Abstract Single-shot laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) measurements of multi-type free-standing ultrathin foils were performed in a vacuum environment for 800 nm laser pulses with durations τ ranging from 50 fs to 200 ps. The results show that the laser damage threshold fluences (DTFs) of the ultrathin foils are significantly lower than those of corresponding bulk materials. Wide band gap dielectric targets such as SiN and formvar have larger DTFs than semiconductive and conductive targets by 1–3 orders of magnitude depending on the pulse duration. The damage mechanisms for different types of targets are studied. Based on the measurement, the constrain of the LIDTs on the laser contrast is discussed.


In this brief report we propose a simple model based on the properties of an electric capacitor under short-circuit conditions as a possible mechanism of radio emissions associated with earthquakes. This model can be considered as complementary to other models concerning the same problem.


The ductility of a calcium carbonate-filled amorphous copolyester PETG in a uniaxial tensite test was examined as a fiction other filler volume fraction. A ductile-to-quasibrittle transition occurred as the volume fraction of filler increased. This transition was from propragation of a stable neck through the entire gauge length of the specimen to fracture in the neck without propagation. The draw stress (lower yield stress) did not depend on the filler content and was equal to the draw stress of the unfilled polymer. It was therefore possible to use a simply model to predict the dependence of the fracture strain on the filler volume fraction. It was proposed that when the fracture strain decreases to the draw strain of the polymer the fracture mechanism changes and the fracture strain drops sharply. The critical filler content at which the fracture mode changes is determined primarily by the degree of strain-hardening of the polymer. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


Hepatitis results from a variety of etiologies and chronic hepatitis can lead to hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. The diagnosis and grading of liver disease severity depends upon invasive biopsy. Histopathology is based on percutaneously sampled liver tissue for grading of liver interstitial fibrosis and inflammation. There are limitations associated with liver biopsies including complications such as hepatic bleeding. Thus, gadolinium enhanced MRI as a non-invasive imaging technique has been proposed for the evaluation of chronic liver disease and inflammation. Our hypothesis is that: 1) the degree of gadolinium-chelate contrast agent (Gd) accumulation within the liver, assessed on T1 weighted (T1W) 3D gradient echo (3D GRE) interstitial phase images, will correlate with the degree of histologically defined hepatic fibrosis; and 2) the conspicuity of abnormal transient Gd non-uniform enhancement pattern identified on arterial phase T1W 3D GRE images will correlate with the histologically defined degree of hepatic inflammation.


The aim of this study was to analyze whether working capital management which consist of average collection period, inventory turnover in days, and average payment period has an influence on the company's profitability as measured using ROI. Samples were taken using a purposive samppling method, in order to get 12 companies as a sample which consist of 72 observation. Influencee of independent variable such as average collection period, inventory turnover in days, and average payment period to ROI investigated using regression analysis method. The result showed that there are three variable that average collection period, inventory turnover in days, and average payment period has a significant negative effect on ROI.


One of the topic which is growing very popular now a days is HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM using IOT. Because it has a various advantages so that people can do their work very easily and effectively. Home Automation system refers to the checking and maintaining and controlling all the home applications and allowances from our hand without any help of human power and without any help of any other machines. This paper deal with discussion of different home application techniques how manually we can control all the applications using remote by remote controls. This techniques plays a very important role in the society for every humans and specially for the physically challenged people. In this paper we are also discussing the wide range of the home automation techniques with common hub known as Arduino and with different LAN networks like blue-tooth, Wi-Fi and with network friendly


The utility model relates to an LED (Light-emitting Diode) ceiling lamp, which comprises a power supply component, a lamp shell, a radiator connected with the lamp shell, a lamp panel fixedly connected with the lower end part of the radiator, an LED light source arranged on the lamp panel and electrically connected with the power supply component, and a lamp shade connected with the radiator and used for covering the LED light source; particularly, the radiator is arranged in the lamp shell; the side end face of the radiator is in contact with the inner wall face of the lamp shell. According to the LED ceiling lamp provided by the utility model, the radiator is arranged in the shell, and the side end face of the radiator is in contact with the inner wall face of the lamp shell, so that not only can the ceiling lamp be radiated through the radiator, but also the heat of the radiator can be conducted onto the lamp shell, and the ceiling lamp is radiated through the lamp shell.


The utility model relates to a vertical type solid wood panel slicing sawing machine which comprises a machine base, a machine cover, a dust suction device, a pipeline, conveying devices and a cutting device, wherein the machine cover is fixedly installed at the upper end in the middle of the machine base; the conveying devices are transversely and coaxially installed on the upper portion in the machine base, the cutting device is installed on a machine cover machine base between the conveying devices, the cutting device is connected with a driving device, and the cutting device structurally comprises that a plurality of blades are fixedly and uniformly distributed in a tool frame at intervals; a plurality of pressing rollers are installed on positions, located on two sides of the cutting device, in the machine cover; a dust collecting cover is installed on the top of the machine cover on the cutting device, the dust suction device is connected and installed to the upper end of the dust collecting cover, and the dust suction device is connected with the pipeline. The vertical type solid wood panel slicing sawing machine is simple in structure, scientific in design, uniform in pressure, high in machining efficiency and good in machining precision, promotes flatness of products, effectively lightens the labor intensity of workers, and improves production efficiency.


Today, the market capitalization of the seminal blockchain, Bitcoin, is about $803B which incentivizes malicious participants to find problematic executions that would allow them to steal financial assets. As the blockchain requires a distributed set of machines to agree on a unique block of transactions to be appended to the chain, attackers naturally try to exploit consensus vulnerabilities to double spend. As a result, formally verifying that a blockchain consensus protocol is safe and live is key to mitigate financial losses. Recent progress in mechanical proofs represent the first steps towards verifying blockchain consensus. The parameterized model checking of threshold automata (TAs) has recently proved instrumental in verifying fully asynchronous parts of consensus algorithms, like broadcast algorithms [4]. The aforementioned reduction technique cannot apply to partial synchrony: moving the message reception step to a later point in the execution might violate an assumed message delay.


This article has analyzed the network attack type,the characteristic and the method.In view of the network security,aim at network security consciousness raises the basic guard technology,the guarantee network security.


By means of surface tension measurement (Wilhelmy method), micellization and adsorbed film formation were investigated for three combinations of mixed surfactant systems: a typical anionic surfactant, sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) was combined with three nonionic surfactants used as membrane-protein solubilizers, n-alkyl (octyl, nonyl and decyl)-N-methylglucamides (MEGA-8, MEGA-9 and MEGA-10, respectively) in water at 30°C. The data of surface tension (γ) versus logarithmic total molality of both single and mixed surfactant systems (mt) plots as a function of mole fraction of surfactant 2 (2 corresponds to MEGA-n's), X2, enabled us to determine critical micellization concentration (CMC), minimum surface tension at CMC (γCMC), surface excess (Γt), mean surface area occupied by a molecule (Am) and parameters related to synergism in surface activity such as pC20 and CMC/C20. Based on the regular solution theory, the relation of compositions of the singly dispersed phase (X2) and the composition of the adsorbed film phase (Z2) were estimated, and then the interaction parameters in micelles (ωR) and in adsorbed film (ωA) were also calculated. Both the CMC-X2 and CMC-Y2 curves were found for all combinations to show a negative deviation from ideal mixing, and even the curve of mt (bulk phase concentration) versus Z2 produced a prominent negative ωA. A marked synergism in surface tension reduction was observed for these MEGA-n's mixtures with SDS; the extent of the synergism increased in the order of MEGA-8, -9 and -10. A positive synergism was observed, even from the partial molecular area (PMA) and the minimum free energy at surface G(S)min= (γCMC·Am·L) where, L is the Avogdro's number.


it was forced to expand its operations into new areas. This gave. rise in turn to higher transportation costs that could only be met by the rich returns that came from still further expansion i to hitherto unwrapped counh 7. Selkirk's ettlers happened to appear on the scene when the Company was extended to the breaking point and when competition from the Hudson's Bay Company (the one competitor the North West Company could not absorb) was becoming more troublesome and expensive. Wars both in Europe and America added the final straw by disrnpting both transportation and markets. The Red River Settlement was never in fact the dire menace the Nor'Westers declared it to be, but, unlike the other factors in the situation, it was concrete, tangible, and within reach. Led as it was successively b two ill-chosen men--Miles Macdonell and Robert Semple--who exasperated the NorWVesters to the point of frenzy, it offered a ready target that could not be resisted.


Three flocks of wild sulphur-crested cockatoos in southeastern Australia had a 10– 20% prevalence of feather and beak deformities. In affected birds, the crest, tail, contour and down feathers were lost or reduced in length owing to a "pinching off" 0.5–1 cm above the skin. The underlying skin was discolored brown. Flight feathers appeared normal and could sustain flight. In mildly affected birds, only the crest and down feathers were involved. Histological examination of affected feathers showed necrosis of developing cells in their epidermal collars. The epidermis was moderately hyperplastic and contained numerous large macrophages, with large intracytoplasmic granules. Electron microscopic examination showed these granules to consist of regular lattices of 17–20-nm-diameter particles, resembling parvovirus particles. In some birds the upper beak was enlarged and had longitudinal cracks. Histological examination of the beak showed necrosis of its epidermis. It was concluded that a viral infection may have caused feather and beak dystrophy in these birds.


The rapid diffusion of technology and manufacturing processes to less developed nations has been one of the most significant devel opments in the interaction between advanced and less developed countries in recent years. Industries that were almost exclusively concentrated in the most advanced nations less than three decades ago are now commonplace in many developing countries. Thus, while technology transfer has been limited in many cases, and research and development activities have been mostly nonexist  en t, the internationalization of manufacturing has nevertheless been significant for an increasing number of less developed na tions. This has been most obvious in the volume of exports pro duced by these nations, the domestic substitution of imports, and the generation of employment and skills for their labour force. The increasing internationalization of manufacturing activities has also had a significant impact in certain manufacturing indus tries in the most advanced nations. Plant closings, industry flight, and high unemployment have become a major concern of our time in such industries as electronics, textiles, apparel, and others involving many assembly-type operations. The significance of these changes for the advanced nations has been brought to our attention by Frobel et al. [16] and Grunwald and Flamm [20] on West German and U.S. manufacturing industries and their diffu sion to less developed nations.


Background:Health literacy is associated with cognitive function across multiple domains inolder adults, and these older adults may face special memory and cognitive challenges that can limit their health literacy and, in turn, their ability to live independently. Objectives:The aim of this study was to evaluate if an association existed among health literacy, memory performance, and performance-based functional ability in community-residing older adults. Methods:Forty-five adults participated in this study. Designed to reflect everyday memory, the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RBMT) bridges laboratory-based measures of memory and assessments obtained by self-report and observation. The RBMT classifies individuals into four categories of memory performance: normal, poor, mildly impaired, and severely impaired. The participants were recruited in the two categories of normal (≥22) or impaired (⩽16) category on the RBMT. The sample consisted of 14 who were in the impaired category and 31 in the normal group. Their average age was 77.11 years, and their average number of years of education was 15.33 years. Health literacy scores measured with the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine. Results:Health literacy scores were high (M = 65.09, SD = 2.80). Thirty-four participants or 76% of the sample scored a 66 out of a possible score of 80. Pearson correlations were calculated for the study variables. Health literacy scores with education and cognition (.30), memory performance groups (normal vs. poor; .25), and performance-based instrumental activities (.50) were associated significantly. Discussion:The development of a broader assortment of health literacy instruments would improve the ability of researchers to both compare studies and build on the knowledge and results of others.


A stretchable electronic device can retain its functionalities during high-level mechanical deformation, and stimulates the applications in the field of wearable and bio-implantable electronics. Efficient energy storage devices are an indispensable component in stretchable electronic systems. To integrate power supplies together with electronic devices that are mechanically flexible and stretchable, we demonstrate a new kind of stretchable all-solid-state supercapacitor, which consists of two slightly separated polyaniline/graphene electrodes in a wavy shape, with a phosphoric acid/polyvinyl alcohol gel as the solid-state electrolyte and separator. The as-fabricated wavy shaped supercapacitor was encapsulated in an elastomeric substrate which can be stretched to a large extent without mechanical degradation. The supercapacitor exhibited a maximum specific capacitance of 261 F g−1. Electrochemical cycling testing with the supercapacitor showed 89% capacitance retention over 1000 charge–discharge cycles at a current density of 1 mA cm−2. The bending and stretching tests showed that the supercapacitor maintained high mechanical strength and high capacitance simultaneously, even under a strain of 30%. This stretchable all-solid-state supercapacitor shows great potential as an energy storage device for stretchable electronic systems.


The aim to be reached in writing this article is to inform the readers on how SPADA as one of instructional media based technologies today is effective to increase the quality of the learners in their self-regulated learning. In recent years, technology has increasingly developed with its widespread use in the economy, tourism and even education in the world. The existance of technology-based media in teaching and learning activities is needed to accompany the increasingly modern era of globalization. One of the technology-based media used in education is e-learning media. E-learning is a type of teaching and learning that allows the delivery of teaching materials to learners using the internet, intranet or other computer network media (Hartley, 2001). With this technology-based media, teaching and learning activities that previously only took place on campus or school, can be conducted anywhere and anytime, not limited by space and time. One of the e-learning media on campus is SPADA (Online Learning System). This system is developed to answer some of the challenges of higher education and organize learning without limits. The use of the SPADA website as a utilization of learners' self integration means how the use of SPADA can facilitate learners to practice their self-regulated learning. It means that by using SPADA, the learners are expected to increase their learning activities autonomously. By doing so, the lecturers/teachers only need to give their learners the lesson materials and perhaps some assignments then the rest of learning process will be left entirely to the learners, giving them freedom to pick their own learning pace. In this case, SPADA as one of instructional media based technologies is effective to improve the quality of the learners' self-regulated learning.


From a formal linguistic perspective, our understanding of how child and adult bilinguals acquire grammar has to date been mainly based on investigations of clause structure and the morphosyntax within the verbal domain. The development of nominals, however, has so far not been investigated at the same level and degree of detail. In particular, comparatively little attention has been placed on the study of the acquisition of nominal structure and of the morphosyntax of nouns, modifying adjectives and their determiners. As a result, no consensus exists concerning the nature of the dif- ficulty in acquiring some or all determiner phrase (DP) features specifically (e.g. the role of L1 features for additive bilingualism or the degree of cross-linguistic influence in simultaneous bilin- gualism and more). One aim of this Special Issue is to begin to fill this research gap by presenting research on closely related aspects of the structure and morphosyntax of DPs.Adhering to the generative grammar perspective (Chomsky, 1995) of language acquisition, the articles in this special issue discuss the acquisition and processing of various DP properties in sev- eral languages (e.g. in three Romance languages (i.e. French, Italian and Spanish), German and Basque) in different adult and child bilingual contexts. The focus of this Special Issue is on three closely related aspects of the structure and morphosyntax of nominal DPs, namely, gender features agreement, specificity and genericity constraints for interpretation of full and bare nominal clauses following proposals on the topic (Chierchia, 1998; Dayal, 2004; Longobardi, 2001; Schmitt & Munn, 2002) where the D element seems to be responsible for the different possibilities in seman- tic interpretation.This Special Issue consists of four state-of-the-art research articles followed by a concise dis- cussant piece for each by a well-known researcher in the field. In addition, one concise concluding remark article has been written by a renowned scholar in the field, addressing all or part of the issues raised by the individual contributors in the volume and, more importantly, highlighting how the issue as a whole adds to formal acquisition theory in second-language acquisition (SLA) and bilingualism. The present volume is a product of a colloquium on the adult and bilingual acquisi- tion as part of the International Symposium on Bilingualism 7 (ISB7) edition held in Utrecht (The Netherlands) in 2009.Overview of the contributions to this volumeThe first two articles deal with child bilingualism. In particular, the study by Eichler, Jansen and Muller evaluates gender acquisition within DPs adopting Abney's (1987) analysis comparing 2 monolingual German children and 17 bilingual children acquiring either a Romance language (i.e. French, Spanish, Italian) and German or two Romance languages simultaneously at different ages. The authors further compared the two languages within the bilingual children to one another with respect to the acquisition of gender. The influence of different variables on gender acquisition is also under scrutiny: namely, language dominance, transparency of gender marking and/or reliabil- ity of gender cues in the respective languages are hypothesized to influence the speed or delay of its acquisition. According to their main findings, bilingual children can gain the gender systems in both languages just as monolinguals do and bilingualism per se does not have a delaying effect contrary to what previous studies have claimed. In the case of the bilingual as well as in monolin- gual children, the acquisition of gender in German seems to be most problematic. French, on the other hand, embodies only slightly more problems than the other two Romance languages (i.e. Spanish and Italian), with the two-gender systems in both Spanish and Italian being acquired with ease. Eichler, Jansen and Muller came to the conclusions that, in both German and French, adult phonological gender rules are typified by their rather low validity. …


In functional grammar,modality is not only limited to traditional modal verbs.It can also be expressed in other forms.According to functional grammar theory,the problems should be studied,such as modal space,types of modality,modal commitment,modal responsibility and modalisation of certain verbs,broadening the ways of expressing modality.The purpose is to make readers know more about modality in English,identifying objective laws of applying a language properly.


Memory institutions have already collected large amounts of digital objects, predominantly CD-ROMs. Some of them are already inaccessible with current systems, most of them will be soon. Emulation offers a viable strategy for long-term access to these publications. However, these collections are huge and the objects are missing technical metadata to setup a suitable emulated environment. In this paper we propose a pragmatic approach on technical metadata which we use to implement a characterization tool to suggest a suitable emulated rendering environment.


Abstract The pathway to monomolecular C-C bond cracking over Bronsted acid sites has been characterised theoretically using the AM1 molecular orbital method. The model describes not only the transition of the proton from the acid site to the paraffin, but also the collapse of the resulting carbonium ion directly to a smaller alkene and alkane. This model thus predicts that the protolysis is not driven by an acid-base pair type reaction, as witnessed with ammonia and alkene activation. The data amassed allowed a quantitative description of the primary product distributions for the alkanes butane and hexane which shows good agreement with experimental data.


The unsteady free convective viscous incompressible flow past a vertical porous flat plate with periodic temperature in slip-flow regime has been discussed. Assuming variable suction at the porous plate, analytical expressions for flow characteristic are obtained. The effects of various parameters on the transient velocity, transient temperature, the skin-friction and rate of heat transfer are discussed with the help of graphs.


Nitrogen-doped nanoporous carbons have been successfully synthesized by direct carbonization of a nitrogen- rich metal-biomolecule framework, zinc glutamate (Zn(H2O)(C5H7NO4)·H2O), as a template without any additional carbon or nitrogen sources. The surface area and pore size distribution of the resultant carbon materials were studied based on the carbonization temperature. These carbons exhibited high specific surface area (as high as 1619.2 m2·g−1 for ZGC-1000). Furthermore, ZGC-1000 also provided a large specific capacitance of 140.8 F·g−1 at a current density of 0.25 A·g−1 when measured in a three-electrode system. It is believed that the presence of the nitrogen-doped nanoporous carbons prepared from the metal-organic frameworks will further facilitate the exploration of such materials as supercapacitors.


Like many national, regional and research libraries, the National Library of Australia (NLA) is actively facing a wide range of challenges associated with using digital technology to improve access to its collections. In at least one area this is not discretionary: the Oral History collections are intrinsically affected by technological change and without moving to digital, access to the collections will be lost as analogue audio technology loses market support. The NLA is implementing a strategy to bridge the difficult transition between fully analogue and fully digital environments.


Abstract Objective. This article is based on our previously reported results of irregular bowel movement and disturbances of the intestinal microbiota/environment in gastrectomized patients. A placebo-controlled, double-blind comparative study was carried out to evaluate the effects of a fermented milk beverage containing Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota (LcS) in such patients. The major evaluated factors of this article were "bowel movement" and "quality of life." The secondary evaluated factors were "fecal microbiota" and "enteric environment." Methods. Of the 190 gastrectomized subjects who participated in our previously reported defecation survey, 134 subjects judged as having abnormal defecation gave consent to participate in this study. These subjects continuously ingested the test beverage containing 40 billion LcS or placebo (one bottle per day, 4 weeks). Results. In the LcS-ingested group, among the 118 subjects who completed the tests, the assessments of the subjects were based on their division into groups based on their symptoms with our scoring system for constipation/diarrhea; although there was no significant ingestion effect in total, in the constipation group, LcS reduced the degree of constipation compared with that in the placebo group. In the diarrhea group, LcS ingestion improved diarrhea compared with that in the preingestion state. Fecal Staphylococcus level was decreased. Conclusions. The results suggest the possibility that the continuous consumption of LcS-fermented milk relieves irregular bowel movement in gastrectomized patients.


An experiment was devised and conducted to provide relative data on the impulse damping rates for a variety of materials selected for their utility in machine construction. Further, conventional wisdom indicates that there are substances which, when introduced into the core of a machine or tool, improve that tool's vibration damping characteristics. This experiment provides conclusive evidence to support this wisdom but does not yield any clear, general rule for its application-rather the opposite in fact. Cast iron damps vibrations more quickly than steel, but titanium damps vibrations faster than any other material tested. Filling the core of a sample with oil generally improves it's damping characteristics, but with copper the opposite occurs. Thesis Supervisor: Professor Alexander H. Slocum Title: Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering ~___ ____ i


Recently, signatures of nonlinear Hall effects induced by Berry curvature dipoles have been found in atomically thin 1Td-WTe2. In this work, we show that in strained polar transition-metal dichalcogenides(TMDs) with 2H-structures, Berry curvature dipoles created by spin degrees of freedom lead to strong nonlinear Hall effects. Under accessible applied strains, the Berry curvature dipole in electron-doped polar TMDs such as MoSSe is in the order of 1 Angstrom which is easily detectable experimentally. Moreover, the magnitude and sign of the Berry curvature dipole in strained polar TMDs can be easily tuned by electric gating and strain. These properties can be used to distinguish nonlinear Hall effects from other effects such as ratchet effects. Importantly, our system provides a promising scheme for realising electrically switchable energy harvesting rectifiers.


The escape of propane into an enclosed space poses an obvious safety risk to both nearby inhabitants and the surrounding structure. Infrequently, accidental release of propane into enclosed spaces such as basements or cellars has resulted in fire or explosion causing both property damage and human trauma. In this paper, the use of carbon dioxide, CO2, as a surrogate to study the migration of propane gas within an enclosed environment is proposed. Concepts of tracer gas testing are described along with an explanation of the basic physics regarding the injection of gas into a ventilated enclosed volume. Three experiments are described in which the injection of a gas mixture containing approxi mately 50% CO2 and 50% propane into a test chamber was undertaken at flowrates of 0.94 SLPM,* 5.19 SLPM, and 15.09 SLPM (2 CFH, 11 CFH and 32 CFH, respectively) through a water heater propane burner/flame spreader assembly. These experimental data demonstrate that CO2 migrates in the same manner as propane (i.e., the measured concentration histories of propane and CO2 are essentially the same at a given spatial location as a function of time). Further, these data demonstrate that CO2 is an acceptable surrogate for the study of propane migration in the range of 0 to 9.5% propane concentrations within an enclosed environment. Additional experimental data is provided to illustrate the detailed flow behavior associated with the ingress and migration of CO2 into a ventilated test chamber. Extensive concentra tion history data is presented on the migration of CO2 (and hence propane) in a test volume for a CO2 injection rate of 8.49 SLPM (18 CFH) and an air exchange rate of 0.55 air changes per hour (ACH). Language: en


The invention discloses a method for preparing date juice by date powder enzymolysis leaching, which comprises the following steps of: (A) cleaning up red dates and then slicing, baking and crushing to prepare date powder; (B) adding water which is 15 times the weight of the data powder to the data powder, and then adding pectinase which is 0.3 percent the weight of the data powder; regulating pH to 3.0 by citric acid; extracting for about 5 hours at the temperature of 50 to 60 DEG C and then cooling; filtering to obtain filtered liquid which is the natural date juice. The invention is characterized in that the data juice is prepared by taking the data powder as the raw material by adopting an enzymolysis leaching process, thereby reducing the leaching temperature and time, and the extracting efficiency of the data juice is high and the quality is high.


A study was designed to determine haemato-biochemical profile following daily intramuscular administration of cefquinome (@2.0 mg/kg b.wt.) along with tolfenamic acid (@2.0 mg/kg b.wt.) for 5 days in sheep. The mean values of any of hematological and serum biochemical parameters did not alter significantly following daily intramuscular administrations of both drugs in comparison to the corresponding control values (day 0). Thus, daily intramuscular administrations of cefquinome with tolfenamic acid were well tolerated in sheep and cefquinome may be useful in combination with tolfenamic acid to treat bacterial diseases accompanied by inflammatory condition in sheep.


In this work we investigate the performance of hollow core optical fibers made by glass billet extrusion as Raman sensors at different laser excitation wavelengths and we compare their performance against multimode optical fiber sensors.


Suppose thatK⊂U(n) is a compact Lie group acting on the (2n+1)-dimensional Heisenberg groupHn. We say that (K, Hn) is a Gelfand pair if the convolution algebraL1K(Hn) of integrableK-invariant functions onHnis commutative. In this case, the Gelfand spaceΔ:(K, Hn) is equipped with the Godement–Plancherel measure, and the spherical transform∧:L2K(Hn)→L2(Δ(K, Hn)) is an isometry. The main result in this paper provides a complete characterization of the set SK(Hn)∧={f | f∈SK(Hn)} of spherical transforms ofK-invariant Schwartz functions onHn. We show that a functionFonΔ(K, Hn) belongs to SK(Hn)∧if and only if the functions obtained fromFvia application of certain derivatives and difference operators satisfy decay conditions. We also consider spherical series expansions forK-invariant Schwartz functions onHnmodulo its center.