Aim: No published data describes the dental implant and endodontic practice profile of general dental practitioners in Palestine. The main aim of the present study was to assess the practice profile of general dental practitioners in Palestine & their attitude towards endodontics and implants. Methods: A survey of a sample of practicing dentists in Palestine who attended the 4 Palestinian Implantology conference was conducted with a 20 question questionnaire. Results: 123 participants were general dentists with several years of experience in clinical practice. The Z-test revealed no significant difference between root canal treatments completed by survey respondents presently and 3 years before. The more information dentists obtain from peer reviewed journals, the less likely they were to answer the prognosis of root canal treatment of a necrotic pulp was the same or better than implant therapy, which was statistically significant (p value 0.045). Conclusion: Appropriate treatment must be based with the patient's best interests and long-term quality of life. In view of the increased clinical acceptance and patient demand for dental implants, there is an associated need to provide further education in this field for both general dental practitioners and undergraduate and postgraduate dental students. Keyword: Dental implants, Palestine, Endodontics Access this article online Website: www.innovativepublication.com DOI: 10.5958/2395-499X.2016.00033.2 Introduction Preservation of a patient's natural dentition remains an important outcome of oral health. Endodontic treatments have been shown to successfully retain compromised teeth. Tremendous advances have been made in Dentistry over the last few decades. Modern developments like dental implants provide greater choice for patients and clinicians. Dental implant treatments are regarded as predictable procedures if patients are carefully selected and the appropriate surgical technique used. Contemporary dental implant therapy also enables replacement of missing teeth that cannot be replaced by using conventional fixed bridges. The dentists have evolved as personified smile designers for many. The several years of training, clinical exposure and continuous academic and clinical updates have given them the ability to rise to situations for creating perfect smiles. Several practitioners advocate the extraction of teeth followed by implants over the conservative management of carious teeth with endodontic therapy. Implant appears to provide an effective replacement for missing teeth with relatively low postoperative complications when performed by a skilful and experienced dentist. Therefore, the decision between a root canal therapy and implant treatment is a commonly occurring dilemma in practice. In Palestine, a number of general dental practitioners provide dental implant treatment. No published data describes the dental implant and endodontic practice profile of general dental practitioners in Palestine. The main aim of the present study was to assess the practice profile of general dental practitioners in Palestine& their attitude towards endodontics and implants. Our study design involves a survey of a sample of practicing dentists in Palestine who attended 4 Palestinian Implantology conference. Materials and Methods After obtaining approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee for a set of twenty questions for the survey, of which 16 questions were adapted from a study conducted by Stockhausen R et al. (Table 1). Written informed consent was obtained from all practitioners who expressed their willingness to participate in the survey. Questions evaluated both their perceptions of endodontic and implant treatment prognosis as well as their current and projected utilization. Also the sources of information upon which these opinions are based were assessed. The final number of dentists surveyed was 123. Statistical Analysis All responses were numerically coded and entered into a data base and statistical analysis was done (SPSS version 17). Frequency analysis and Z test was done. P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Hekam Rabi et al. The trends of endodontic treatment and implant therapy among dental practitioners.... International Journal of Oral Health Dentistry; July-September 2016;2(3):171-176 172 Results All the 123 participants were general dentists with several years of experience in clinical practice(Table 2). The years of experience of the practitioner was asked and coded as follows: 0-5 years was coded as 1, 6-9 years of experience was coded as 2, and experience greater than 10 years was given a code of 3. 42 participants had only less than or equal to 5 years of experience, 60 participants had more than 5 years of experience but less than 10 years, while 21 participants had more than 10 years of experience. Three questions compared the endodontic treatment to dental implants. The response was to be marked either as Much Better, Better, Same, Worse, or Much Worse. The codes were assigned as 1 to 5 for each of the response in the respective order. The first among the 3 questions was: compared with implant therapy, what do you feel is the prognosis of root canal treatment with a vital pulp? 79 participants responded as "much better", while the remaining 44 opined as "better". The second question was: compared with implant therapy, what do you feel is the prognosis of root canal treatment with a necrotic pulp? 50 participants favoured implants over RCT for treating necrotic pulps, 20 participants felt that the prognosis of root canal treatment with a necrotic pulp is much better than implants, 32 were of the opinion that RCT is better when compared to implants, and only 21 said that the results were same for both RCT and implants for a necrotic pulp. The third question evaluated whether with implant therapy the prognosis of root canal retreatment is much better, better, same, worse, or much worse? None of the participants felt that the prognosis of root canal retreatment was much better or much worse when compared to implants. 101 participants supported by suggesting that retreatment is better than implants, while 22 opined that the results are same and comparable to implant therapy. Two questions focused on the source of information on implants and endodontic therapy. 10 participants opined that they learnt about implants from peer reviewed journals, 93acknowledged the specialist who taught them implants, while other 20 opined that they obtained information through conferences and trade fairs and their dental schools.52 participants said that they learned RCT from their dental schools, while 60 participants said that they got the information from their consultant specialist. 11 participants supported the peer reviewed journals which provided that information. The source of information was found to be predictive of survey responses among dentists. The more information dentists obtain from peer reviewed journals, the less likely they were to answer the prognosis of root canal treatment of a necrotic pulp was the same or better than implant therapy. These findings were statistically significant (p value 0.045). Participants were asked about the choice of the person to place the dental implant. 40 participants confided in oral surgeon's skill to place implants, 7 participants thought that a prosthodontist or periodontist, 37 participants believed an implantologist would do the job better that a general dentist in placing the implant for the patient. While 39 thought that a general practitioner is enough to take up the work. Two questions were asked on the attitude of the practitioners towards treatment as: Endodontic treatment of a salvageable or restorable tooth would provide a better outcome than an extraction and a dental implant? And endodontic retreatment of a failing root canal in a restorable tooth is preferable to extraction and a dental implant? The responses were charted as strongly agree, agree, undecided, disagree, and strongly disagree. The codes were assigned as 1 to 5 respectively for the responses. 72 participants agreed saying endodontic treatment is better than implant for a salvageable or restorable tooth, while 32 participants strongly agreed and 19 participants could not decide as to agree or disagree to a greater extend. Also, 62 participants agreed to prefer endodontic retreatment over extraction and implants in a failing RCT treated tooth, 30 participants strongly agreed, while 31 participants differed to give an answer. The knowledge of the participants on the published data was assessed. They were asked to opine on the view that the criteria used to determine a successful root canal treatment are the same as criteria used to determine a successful implant treatment. The responses were charted as strongly agree, agree undecided, disagree, and strongly disagree. The codes were assigned as 1 to 5 respectively for the responses. Although no participant strongly disagrees to this point, 49 participants could not opine on this view. 44 agreed to this view and 30 had strong agreement in this regard. The subsequent number of questions targeted the practice quotient of the General Dentists. They were asked on the average number of root canals they performed per month three years ago, and compared them with the average number of root canals they do in a month now. The codes given for each was as follows: not any(1), upto 10 cases (2), 11-20cases (3), 21-30 cases (4),more than 30cases a month (5). 80 participants said that on an average they had performed around 10 RCTs per month 3 years ago, 32 participants conveyed that they could perform around 30 RCTs, while 11 participants said they used to do more than 30 RCTs per month. On the contrary, there was 1 participant who do not perform any RCT now a days. 69 participants reported that they do up to 10 RCTs per month, 33 participants said the number of RCTs they perform a month g


Based on quantitative and qualitative analysis, this paper attempts to answer a research question that is critical for many Arctic communities: "What makes local youth want to leave?" Using the Russian Arctic cities of Naryan-Mar, Salekhard, and Novy Urengoy (Nenets and Yamalo-Nenets regions) as case studies, this article explores how local youth contribute to social sustainability and define the futures of their Arctic cities. The study identifies new variables relevant to the youth cohort built on the Urban Sustainability Index and social sustainability model. Based on 400+ questionnaires and interviews with Indigenous and non-Indigenous youth, education professionals, and public officials, this study looks at the youth's educational and professional strategies, social activities and cultural consumption, migration patterns, and civic engagement in a broader context. This article also discusses how local youth feel disempowered in building their futures and highlights the importance of access to educational opportunities and wider career choices in the Arctic.


The source of photosynthate for developing cranberry ( Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) fruit can be partitioned spatially among new growth acropetal to fruit, 1-year-old leaves basipetal to fruit, and adjacent uprights along the same runner. Cranberry uprights were labeled with 14 CO 2 in an open system with constant activity during flowering or fruit development. When new growth acropetal to fruit was labeled, substantial activity was found in flowers or fruit. Little activity was found in basipetal tissues. When 1-year-old basipetal leaves were labeled, most of the activity remained in the labeled leaves, with some activity in flowers or fruit. Almost no labeled C moved into acropetal tissues. When new growth of adjacent nonfruiting uprights on the same runner were labeled, almost no activity moved into the fruiting upright. These data confirm that new growth acropetal to developing flowers and fruit is the primary source of photosynthate for fruit development. Furthermore, they show that during the short time studied in our experiment, almost no C moved from one upright to another. The cranberry of commerce is a low-growing evergreen vine. Fruit are borne on short vertical shoots called uprights. Flowers and fruit develop on the basal portions of current-season growth and, thus, develop between new growth that is acropetal and 1- year-old leaves that are basipetal. The source of photosynthate for developing cranberry fruit can be partitioned spatially among new growth acropetal to fruit, 1- year-old leaves basipetal to fruit, and adjacent uprights along the same runner. Our previous research indirectly sought to determine which of these three sources of photosynthate is the most important for supporting developing fruit (Roper et al., 1992; Roper and Klueh, 1994). Removing growth acropetal to fruit at the time of fruit set was more detrimental than removing 1-year-old leaves basipetal to developing fruit. Our research was undertaken to examine the movement of C from potential sources to developing flowers and fruit.


(a) (b) (c) Solution. (a) The traces of this surface in z = k are not straight lines, which only matches (III) . Another way to think about it as that the surface is highest where y is positive and x is negative, which only matches (III). (b) We need to decide whether this graph matches (I) or (II). Both have traces in z = k which are straight lines. The difference is in the z-values. The values in (II) are evenly spaced, while the values in (I) change more quickly the further out we go. In graph (b), the surface changes height more quickly the further out we go, so this matches (I) . (c) Using the same reasoning as in the previous part (or process of elimination), this must match (II) . 2. Here are several surfaces.


Magnetic Ni/α-Ni(OH)2 porous superstructures with the BET surface area of 114 m2 g−1 have been successfully prepared in one step by a simple mixed solvothermal route in the absence of any surfactant or template at 170 °C for 8 h, employing NiCl2·6H2O and NaBH4 as the reactants, a mixture of ethylene glycol (EG) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) with the volume ratio of 3 : 2 as the solvent. The as-obtained porous superstructures were characterized by various means including X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transformation infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS). The magnetic property measurement showed that the saturation magnetization (Ms) and the coercivity of the final product were 6.62 emu g−1 and 141.1 Oe, respectively. Research discovered that some factors could affect the formation of the magnetic porous superstructures, including the original EG/DMF volume ratio, the reaction temperature and the original Ni2+/NaBH4 molar ratio. Importantly, the present porous superstructures presented good capacities for selective adsorption of Pb2+ and Cu2+ ions from a mixed solution containing Pb2+, Cd2+ and Cu2+ ions. The removal efficiencies for two ions reached 65% and 70% within 50 min, respectively. Simultaneously, the adsorbent could be easily separated from water and reused owing to its magnetism, which exhibit potential application in environmental treatment and protection.


The purpose of this article is to explore customer retention strategies and tactics implemented by fi rms in recession. Our investigations show just how big a challenge many organizations face in their ability to manage customer retention effectively. While leading organizations have embedded real-time customer life cycle management, developed accurate early warning systems, price elasticity models and ' deal calculators ' , the organizations we spoke to have only gone as far as calculating the value at risk and building simple predictive models. Journal of Direct, Data and Digital Marketing Practice (2010) 12, 115 – 127. doi: 10.1057/dddmp.2010.27


Navajo livestock reduction illuminates the gendered politics of conservation and the crucial contribution of women in resisting environmental injustice. In developing programs to halt soil erosion on the Navajo Reservation, the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Soil Conservation Service made matters worse, largely because they ignored the importance of women as livestock owners. Women's resistance helped bring an end to stock reduction and the conservation program.


L-657,398 is a broad spectrum antifungal agent isolated from solid fermentation or from the mycelium of the liquid fermentation of Aspergillus ochraceus. Structurally, the compound is a novel pyrollidine related to anisomycin.


AbstractThe definition of "term" gestation is often confusing because of the emphasis on reducing preterm birth and the increase in scheduled deliveries. Because preterm is defined as delivery at less than 37 weeks and postterm as more than 42 weeks, "term" has been defined as delivery at 37 to 42 w


Photography and audiovisual products are used in many ways as a technological means of recording coherent things. The art of dance as both visual and aural art is a good match for the nature of photographic technology. This has led to the use of photography in dance training and dance documentation as a means of giving visual feedback to dancers. However, due to the reproducibility and high distribution of photography, there are still many challenges regarding copyright and user choice of photography. This article explores the challenges and applications of photographic technology in the art of dance from a variety of perspectives. It also discusses the development of photographic technology as a means of promoting the discipline of dance at a time when virtual teaching is widely used in all disciplines. Using the example of the covid-19 online dance course, it explores the advantages and disadvantages of its use in practice.


Objective: This paper analyzes the changes on stride parameters, joint angles, and trajectories of the body parts due to high heels during walking and explains the causal relationship between the changes and high heels. Background: This study aims to indicate the comprehensive gait changes by high heels on the whole body for women wearing high heels and researchers interested in high-heeled walking. Method: The experiment was designed in which two different shoe heel heights were used for walking (1cm, 9.8cm), and twelve women participated in the test. In the experiment, 35 points on the body were tracked to extract the stride parameters, joint angles, and trajectories of the body parts. Results: Double support time increased, but stride length decreased in high-heeled walking. The knee inflexed more at stance phase and the spine rotation became more severe. The trajectories of the pelvis, the trunk and the head presented outstanding fluctuations in the vertical direction. Conclusion: The double support time and the spine rotation were changed to compensate instability by high heels. Reduced range of motion of the ankle joint influenced on the stride length, the knee flexion, and fluctuations of the body parts. Application: This study can provide an insight of the gait changes by high heels through the entire body.


The article is devoted to cultural narratives about cyborgization, in which the relationship between man and cyber machine is described. In this new approach, the machine becomes part of the human body, allows man to improve the quality of life, but also can complement human natural abilities with new ("artificial") competences. The author of the article analyses the problem of three cultural narratives regarding human cyborgization. These three narrative models are engineering-pragmatic, biological-evolutionary and cultural-humanistic. They constitute the contemporary social imaginarium on the subject of technoevolution and the relationship between man and cyber machine. The author of the article, on the example of Andy Clark's concept of the natural cyborg, verifies the thesis whether agreement is possible between these narratives. The issue of social acceptance for cyborgization is particularly important in the context of technological progress and questions about the essence of man and technology in the light of new opportunities offered by modern biotechnology and robotics with the view of improving the quality of human life.


The evolution of the two-dimensional radiation pulse in the free electron laser (FEL) oscillator is analyzed in association with electron pulses with arbitrary radial and axial profiles. In the FEL interaction region, the transverse variation of the wave equation is evaluated analytically, while the axial and the temporal variations are evaluated numerically. In free space, the radiation pulse is decomposed into Gaussian resonator modes and propagated analytically. Numerical results in the small electron beam radius limit, i.e., the radius of the electron beam much smaller than the minimum waist of the resonator mode, are presented.


This work aims to compare meiobenthic community of the sandy beaches of the North Coast and Middle East Coast of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, during the Summer season. The chosen beaches of the North Coast are Capao da Canoa and Tramandai, and of the East Coast, are Mostardas and Tavares. Two profiles were established by beach, divided in strata Supralittoral (1), Humid Intertidal (2) and Saturated Interdital (3), following the gradient of humidity. In each stratum, six samples were collected: four for meiobenthos, one for chlorophyll a, and one for organic matter. The material with meiobentos was quantified and classified in the higher taxonomic groups. Nematoda were the most abundant group (61.92% of total), followed by Copepoda Harpacticoida (18.8%), Turbellaria (13.71%), Oligochaeta (3.58%), Cilliophora (1.73%) and Acarina (0.19%), also Polychaeta, Collembola, Coleoptera and Crustacea, grouped in Other (<0.1%). Nematodes dominated in the Supralittoral (85.05%) and Humid Intertidal (73.78%), while in the Saturated Intertidal Copepoda was the dominant group (42.61%), followed by Nematoda (31.49%) and Turbellaria (23, 23%). The Intertidal Humid strata generally had the lowest average density (904 ind/10cm 2), with no significant differences between the Supralittoral and the Saturated Intertidal. Tramandai beach was more similar to Tavares for presenting the highest densities of the Meiobentos Total in Supralittoral. Capao da Canoa and Mostardas had the highest densities in the Saturated Intertidal. There were no differences between the North Coast and Middle Coast on the taxonomic composition, on the density of Meiobentos Total (teste-t=0,24;p=0,02), and on the average densities per stratum (F = 2.16, p = 0.121). Analyses of organic matter showed that North Coast has the highest concentration and it increases with humidity. The composition of the fauna was lower than that found in other studies, but the pattern of the dominance of Nematoda followed by Copepoda remained. The novelty of this work is the presence of abundant fauna in the Supralittoral, fact not yet reported for other beaches. The Interdital region with high density of organisms is characteristic of beaches with Microtidal regime.The work shows that even significant differences of urban settlement, concentration of organic matter and degree of erosion and deposition, there were no differences in the meiobentonicas communitys structure in the North and Middle Coasts. The differences between the beaches indicate that intrinsic factors are more important in determining meiobentonica community among the strata. Factors for macro-regions, such as climate, grain size and morphodynamics are important to characterize the composition of the fauna to the coast of Rio Grande do Sul, with no differences in the North Coast and Middle Coast. Therefore, more works needs to be done in this environment, involving urbanized and undeveloped areas, in order to elucidate more clearly the role of environmental variables in the area praial and in the regulation of their meiobentonica community. Key-words: Meiofauna. Sandy Beaches. Dissipative Beaches. Microtidal. Coast of Rio Grande do Sul. LISTA DE ILUSTRACOES Figura 1 Setorizacao do litoral do Rio Grande do Sul segundo o GERCO RS. Fonte: Modificado de FEPAM (2011). 22 Figura 2 Localizacao das praias do estudo. No Litoral Norte (Capao da Canoa e Tramandai) e no Litoral Medio (Mostardas e Tavares). Fonte: O autor (2011). 23 Figura 3 Fotos dos perfis praiais. Canoa (a) e Tramandai (b) (com vista para o NE), Mostardas (c) e Tavares (d) (com vista para SW). Fotos tiradas em Fevereiro de 2011. Fonte: O autor (2011). 24 Figura 4 Desenho esquematico do metodo de amostragem nas praias, mostrando os perfis A e B, os estratos Supralitoral (1), Intermareal Umido (2) e Intermareal Saturado (3) e a largura media de aproximadamente 100m. Fonte: O autor (2011). 25 Figura 5 Quadrado com 50cm2 utilizado para a amostragem do sedimento, e procedimento de coleta com o testemunho de 2cm2. Fonte: O autor (2011) 25 Figura 6 – Contribuicao relativa dos grupos meiofaunisticos encontrados nos estratos Supralitoral (1), Intermareal Umido (2) e Intermareal Saturado (3), considerando as praias Capao da Canoa, Tramandai, Mostardas e Tavares em Fevereiro de 2011. Fonte: O autor (2011). 26 Figura 7 – Variacao da Densidade media do Meiobentos Total encontrada nos estratos Supralitoral (1), Intermareal Umido (2) e Intermareal Saturado (3), das praias de Capao da Canoa, Tramandai, Mostardas e Tavares, em Fevereiro de 2011. Fonte: O autor (2011). 27 Figura 8 – Contribuicao relativa dos grupos zoologicos encontrados nas praias de Capao da Canoa, Tramandai, Mostardas e Tavares, nos estratos Supralitoral, Intermareal Umido e Intermareal Saturado, em Fevereiro de 2011. Fonte: O autor (2011). 27 Figura 9 Distribuicao do Meiobentos Total (valores de densidade/10cm2 transformados por log (x+1)) nos estratos Supralitoral (1), Intermareal Umido (2) e Intermareal Saturado (3), nas quatro praias do Rio Grande do Sul, em Fevereiro de 2011. Fonte: O autor (2011). 29 Figura 10 – Contribuicao relativa dos grupos meiobentonicos por estrato nas praias de Capao da Canoa, Tramandai, Mostardas e Tavares, Rio Grande do Sul, em Fevereiro de 2011. Fonte: O autor (2011). 30 Figura 11 Comparacao da ocorrencia e contribuicao dos grupos zoologicos encontrados, representados pela densidade relativa (ind/10cm2) nos Litorais Norte e Medio do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, em Fevereiro de 2011. Fonte: O autor (2011). 31 Figura 12 – Distribuicao da densidade media (ind/10cm2 tranformado por log(x+1), do Meiobentos Total (a) e dos grupos meiofaunisticos Nematoda (b), Turbellaria (c), Copepoda (d), Oligochaeta (e) e Cilliophora (f) no Litoral Norte (azul) e Litoral Medio (vermelho), do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, nos estratos Supralitoral (1), Intermareal Umido (2) e Intermareal Saturado (3), em Fevereiro de 2011. Fonte: O autor (2011). 32 Figura 13 Valores de Materia Orgânica (M.O.) (g/100g de sedimento), nas praias de Capao da Canoa (Cap), Tramandai (Tdai), Litoral Norte, Mostardas (Most) e Tavares (Tav), Litoral Medio, Rio Grande do Sul, (c) e nos estratos Supralitoral (1). Intermareal Umido (2) e Intermareal Saturado (3) (b e d), em Fevereiro de 2011. Fonte: O autor (2011). 33 Figura 14 Correlacao entre as concentracoes de Materia Orgânica e as densidades medias de Copepoda Harpacticoida nos estratos Supralitoral, Intermareal Umido e Intermareal Saturado, nos litorais Norte e Medio do Rio Grado do Sul, Brasil. Fonte: O autor (2011). 34


The purpose of this note is to show that in the uv irregular surface refraction of lenses can broaden the field of view of a photometer considerably beyond its geometrical limits. Some measurements on the irregular surface refraction of glass surfaces in the visible part of the spectrum were published by Brandt.' To determine the amount of this effect in the uv, a set of experiments was made with a photometer, consisting of a 5-cm diam quartz objective lens (Suprasil 2 quartz lens, commercial finishing, from Engelhard, Hillside, New Jersey) which focused the incident light exactly in the plane of a diaphragm, which determined the 1.50 square field of view. Different interference filters could be placed immediately in front of the diaphragm. The position of the diaphragm relative to the objective could be varied to maintain sharp focus for the wavelength transmitted. Behind the diaphragm was a Fabry lens which uniformly illuminated the cathode of a photomultiplier. This photometer was put in the parallel light beam of a collimator with a monochromator and a hydrogen lamp as a light source, so that the optical axis of the photometer and the collimator beam were parallel. The monochromator and collimator were part of a vacuum system, so that the experiments could be carried out in the vacuum. The photometer could be turned relative to the light beam in a


In this study, we demonstrate a co-fired magnetoelectric (ME) laminate consisting of piezoelectric/magnetostrictive/piezoelectric layers with unipoled piezoelectric transformer structure. The ME transformer was characterized by quantifying the voltage gain variation and resonance frequency shift as a function of applied DC magnetic field. We delineate the magnetic tunability feature by considering the magnetoelectric coupling and delta-E effect, where E represents the modulus of magnetic material. The ME response of the composite structure was found to be 473 mV/cm.Oe exhibiting DC field sensitivity of 100 nT under AC field of 1 Oe at 1 kHz. At a magnetic bias of 60 Oe, the transformer exhibited large frequency tunability of the order of 1.4 Hz/Oe. These results present significant advancement towards developing on-chip magnetic-field-tunable devices.


The goal was to investigate how two stressors (work overload and number of projects) affect Teacher Education students' beliefs. Two groups of students participated in the construction and evaluation of recycled materials: one during a whole semester, and the other one just during two weeks. The first group valued significantly lower the whole experience and the possibilities of these materials as an educational tool. The stress generated by the overall workload might have constituted a mediator on the emotions and beliefs of these groups of students towards these educational resources.


Herbicidal potential of different plant aqueous extracts was evaluated against early seedling growth of rice weeds in pot studies. Plant aqueous extracts of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), brassica (Brassica compestris), mulberry (Morris alba), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldunensis), and winter cherry (Withania somnifera) at a spray volume of 18 L ha-1 each at the 2-4 leaf stage of rice weeds viz horse purslane (Trianthema portulacastrum) [broad-leaf], jungle rice (Echinochloa colona), and E. crus-galli (barnyard grass) [grasses] and purple nut sedge (Cyperus rotundus) and rice flat sedge (C. iria) [sedges]. The results showed significant interactive effects between plant aqueous extracts and the tested weed species for seedling growth attributes depicting that allelopathic inhibition was species-specific. Shoot and root length, lateral plant spread, biomass accumulation, and leaf chlorophyll contents in test species were all reduced by different extracts. The study suggested the suppressive potential of allelopathic plant aqueous extracts against rice weeds, and offered promise for their usefulness as a tool for weed management under field conditions.


ABSTRACT This paper uses the case of genomics-assisted selective breeding in Pacific salmon hatcheries to investigate how people weigh the risks of adapting nature to changing climate conditions. Drawing on 105 interviews with people involved in salmon management, this study embeds risk assessments of selective breeding in the context of present interventions into salmon life cycles. While responses to novel technologies are frequently plotted along a support-opposition continuum, the debate over selective breeding Pacific salmon is multivalent, with respondents supporting selective breeding in some contexts while opposing it in others. Nearly half of respondents supported selective breeding to fix the mistakes of past interventions and rewild salmon. Given that past problems have stemmed from technological responses, these findings paradoxically suggest that further interventions may not necessarily be perceived as violating values of naturalness or wildness. Genomic technologies offer new pathways for climate adaptation. In doing so, they expand ethical debates about the role of humans and novel technologies in conserving and managing wildlife.


We propose iterative inversion algorithms for weighted Radon transforms RW along hyperplanes in R3. More precisely, expanding the weight W=W(x,θ),x∈R3,θ∈S2, into the series of spherical harmonics in θ and assuming that the zero order term w0,0(x)≠0,x∈R3, we reduce the inversion of RW to solving a linear integral equation. In addition, under the assumption that the even part of W in θ (i.e. 12(W(x,θ)+W(x,−θ))) is close to w0,0, the aforementioned linear integral equation can be solved by the method of successive approximations. Approximate inversions of RW are also given. Our results can be considered as an extension to 3D of two-dimensional results of Kunyansky (1992 Inverse Problems 8 809–19), Novikov (2014 Mosc. Math. J. 14 807–23), Guillement and Novikov (2014 Inverse Problems Sci. Eng. 22 787–802). In our studies we are motivated, in particular, by problems of emission tomographies in 3D. In addition, we generalize our results to the case of dimension 3$ ?>n>3.


The volume of coal mining by underground method in the Russian Federation is about 100 million tons annually and has no tendency to decrease. At the same time, with the development of underground mining, there is a constant complication of mining and geological conditions and an increasing negative impact on the environment. Over the past three years, there have been significant changes in the area of state environmental oversight. Some of them are the introduction of a risk-based approach and the best available technologies into the Russian regulatory system. Now it is legislatively established that development, introduction and application of the best available technologies in a life cycle of the coal-mining enterprise can serve as the basis for lowering of a risk category of coal-mining object. In turn, this should encourage the subsoil user to promote and implement environmental policy at their enterprise. In article features of introduction of risk-oriented approach and the best available technologies and an estimation of prospects of introduction of such methods at the underground coal-mining enterprise are considered. As a result of the analysis the hierarchy of relations of modern legislation in the sphere of ecological supervision, coal-mining enterprise, its possibilities on development of the best available technologies and branches of decisions according to the riskoriented approach is presented.


Environmental sustainability has been a key policy goal of the European Union (EU), particularly under recent EU Cohesion Policy strategic frameworks. This paper contributes to the analysis of the relevance of EU Cohesion Policy-related environmental sustainability investments, by assessing the impacts of the Operational Programme for Sustainability and Use of Resources (POSEUR 2014–2020), in the Portuguese North NUTS II. In detail, the impact scores of the following five analytical dimensions related to this programme were obtained: (i) low-emissions economy, (ii) adaptation to climate change, (iii) risk prevention and management, (iv) environmental protection and (v) resource efficiency. The analysis was supported by a territorial impact assessment methodology (TARGET_TIA) which was complemented by an online analytic geographic information system (GIS) policy evaluation platform (Impact-WEB_GIS). The results showed that the POSEUR's regional implementation efficiency fell short of the stakeholders' expectations. This can be explained by factors such as the obstacles posed by the prior underdeveloped infrastructural conditions, coupled with the panorama created by the Covid-19 outbreak. Nonetheless, the risk prevention and management dimension had a solid positive impact score that reflected the efficacy of POSEUR in tackling environmental threats, mostly in rural ecosystems. [ FROM AUTHOR]


called tasamuh to anyone who has a different religion or belief, because differences are not something to be debated or a negative way that creates friction between groups or individuals. the urgency of tolerance can be a benchmark for seeing problems that occur in society in reviewing existing polemics so that religious, civilizational, and cultural tolerance in Indonesia can be seen, created, and maintained. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative research method with a literature study approach that refers to several research data sources and data collection techniques in the form of religious tolerance studies. The focus of the research that will be raised is the urgency of religious tolerance in Indonesia. The data collection technique used in this study was the library research method, namely library research and the data analysis technique used in this study was a descriptive method. In religion, every adherent is required to recognize the existence of the involvement of differences and similarities in creating harmony in the value of Unity in Diversity which is always echoed in Indonesia.


The present work has like purpose to offer arguments related with the role of the professor of the polytechnic, as well as issues related with its preparation, where it results from essence, the knowledge on education, pedagogy and its present-day tendencies; That way eat, of the staff activity of the process teaching learning, that is where they assume his principal role like educational transforming agents. We utilized methods of the theoretic level and empiricist for his execution, where the analysis and synthesis, induction are highlighted – deduction for the information processing in the determination of the epistemic sustentantes of the preparation of the professor of the specialty theoretic and empiric, Construction, in the overtaking of position of the investigators regarding the scientific considerations, that way I eat in the elaboration of the final conclusions of work.


Realizing a long coherence time quantum memory is a major challenge of current quantum technology. Here, we report a single \Yb ion-qubit memory with over one hour coherence time, an order of improvement compared to the state-of-the-art record. The long coherence time memory is realized by addressing various technical challenges such as ambient magnetic-field noise, phase noise and leakage of the microwave oscillator. Moreover, systematically study the decoherence process of our quantum memory by quantum process tomography, which enables to apply the strict criteria of quantum coherence, relative entropy of coherence. We also benchmark our quantum memory by its ability in preserving quantum information, i.e., the robustness of quantum memory, which clearly shows that over 6000 s, our quantum memory preserves non-classical quantum information. Our results verify the stability of the quantum memory in hours level and indicate its versatile applicability in various scenarios.


We present a status report on RAVE,
our distributed, collaborative grid enabled visualization
environment. We briefly review our architecture
and related work, examine our collaborative support
and relate this to an experiment carried out between
SuperComputing 2004 (Pittsburgh, PA, USA) and the
Cardiff School of Computer Science. Load distribution
in RAVE is described and analysed, using a
tiled rendering technique to share rendering workload
between machines. Finally, we review various
applications that have been extended to use RAVE.


Lake eutrophication management remains one of the most arduous tasks in the water environment field in China.The situation of lake eutrophication is still serious,even after management and treatment during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period.Based on long-term research and practice experience in the lake eutrophication control field,a lake eutrophication prevention and control strategy,"Green Watershed Construction System: integrated planning and control based on the whole basin," was developed.After analyzing and refining,the strategy consists of six subsystems,namely 1) Industrial structure adjustment system for pollution control and emission reduction;2) Engineering systems for pollution source management and control;3) Water treatment and purification system for low contaminated water;4) Conservation system for watershed clean water production;5) Lake aquatic habitat improvement system;and,6) System management and ecological civilization construction system.The idea of the Green Watershed Construction System was successfully applied in the plan for the Lake Erhai watershed.It draws up a systematic plan for water pollution control and eutrophication prevention based on the water quality targets and the characteristics of Lake Erhai and the watershed.


An in-core fuel management study was performed utilizing the FORMOSA optimization code. Specifically, the authors studied the effectiveness of burnable poisons independent of core reactivity hold-down needs for three different objective functions: assembly quadrant power peaking P{sub max}{sup quad} minimization, end-of-cycle reactivity k{sub eff}{sup EOC} maximization, and discharge burnup BU{sup dis} maximization. The study consisted of determining near-optimum loading patterns with and without burnable poison availability for each of the three objectives. A typical four-loop Westinghouse pressurized water reactor was modeled.


Focusing on treaties jeopardized during the 'war on terror', The Extraterritorial Application of Selected Human Rights Treaties investigates whether and to what extent human rights treaties apply to states acting abroad. It proposes a way to accommodate conflicting interests, while preserving the effective protection of basic rights.


The PZN-9PT single crystal has been prepared by the flux method.The crystal phase structure and the grown morphology of the PZN-9PT crystal have been investigated.The electrical properties such as the dielectric,piezoelectric properties,and the ferroelectric hysteresis loop of the crystal were characterized by the corresponding equipment.The results indicated that PZN-9PT single crystals with pure perovskite structure can be prepared by the flux method.The as-grown PZN-9PT crystals were presented the straw yellow polyhedron.The grain surface is presented the straight steps growth stage.The phase transition temperature from the rhombohedral phase to tetragonal phase is 89 ℃.The courier temperature of the crystal is 175 ℃.The piezoelectric constant of cut PZN-9PT single crystal are 230 pC/N and its coercivity field is 8.8 kV/cm.


The authors draw on the concept of a 'sustainability fix'—a political discourse which allows development to proceed by accommodating both profit-making and environmental concerns—to analyze how municipalities muster support for development in the face of worries about negative environmental impacts. The case of Whistler, British Columbia, a tourist resort with an official orientation toward sustainable development, is used to illustrate the politics of balancing economic and environmental commitments. The authors deepen the sustainability fix concept by addressing: first, how such a fix is achieved through the assemblage of local and extralocal resources—specifically, 'imported' policy models which direct attention to certain definitions of problems and legitimate specific types of policy solutions; and second, how the politics of municipal policy-making is about more than contention and how it involves the sort of ongoing and broadly defined learning that has been largely undertheorized in the local politics literature. A key point is that local politics and policy making are always also extralocal in various ways. They involve a local politics of policy mobility. The authors expand on this premise to show how Whistler's model of sustainability planning has recently been circulated to other municipalities with similar social, economic, and environmental conditions.


convenient, but they are also dangerous. Modes of attacks include the following:. Exhaustive attacks. Attempting password attacks by random trial and error was at one time occasionally SUEC~SS ful, but is now unlikely to succeed becnuse of limits on the number of incorrect tries and auditing of failed attempts. l F.dwated guessing of passwords. At least until recently, users frequently chose as passwords dictionary words, proper names, or other character strings having a logical association with the individual (such as initials, spouse's name, dog's name, or social security number). System pass words sometimes remain unchanged from the original defaulu. Maintenance passwords are often common across different systems. Such passwords have been guessed SW prisingly often. l Deriving passwords. If words or names are chose,, as pawwords, then-even if the passwords are stored in an encrypted form-they can be discovered by preencryptive dictionary attacks [2], assuming the encrypted password file can be read. Such attacks are particularly insidious, because they can be carried out surreptitiously on systems other than the ones being attacked. Algorithmically generated passwords may also be prone to attack. For example, knowing one password in a pseudorandom sequence can be used to determine the subsequent ones. l Capturing unencrypted passwords. Passwords exist in an onencrypted form as they are being typed, stored in memory , or in transit across a local or global network. They can be captured by exploiting system security flaws (or features) and by network snooping. Trojan horsing with network software (such as flp and lelner) on various host sys terns has recently enabled the capture of passwords for accounts on other systems, and the newly captured pass words have then been used to implant Trojan horses on those other systems. Someone's ability to capture passwords that you may use to access other systems fro,,, your own host system may in turn compromise users on those other systems. l Creating bogus p-olds and mapdoors. Trojan horses may subvert user authentication-for example, by inserting a trapdoor into a security-critical program. The classical example is the C-compiler Trojan horse described by Ken Thompson [3] that could implant a trapdoor in the login routine. Also, if a password file is not properly pre tected against writing, a clever perpetrator may be able to edit the password tile and insert a bogus but viable self-chosen user identifier and password (encrypted as needed), or to install a variant password file. …


There is significant interest to integrate a variety of high speed communications using a single multi-functional front-end (transceiver) matched to an ultra-wideband (UWB) aperture. The availability of small UWB conformal apertures can provide a new paradigm in the way we collect and process information. However, utilization of this bandwidth imposes several requirements on the aperture, starting with a wideband feed network and the ability to scan down to low angles over the entire purported bandwidth (at least down to 70°). Concurrently, a scalable and power-efficient digital back-end is needed to realize digital beam-forming for cognitive sensing. A perennial challenge is the tradeoff between size, gain, and bandwidth. That is, the design of low profile, power-efficient, wideband conformal transceivers is desirable for conformal integration on small platforms.


A unique method is proposed for calculating the number of natural modes of a rectangular cavity (RC). In the high-frequency limit f>>f cr (f cr is the critical frequency of the cavity) the expression for determining the number of RC modes becomes a simple asymptotic formula, while in the f ≥ f cr mode it becomes a formula which coincides with the formula suggested earlier within the accuracy of a constant. This method is used to calculate the number of natural modes of a rectangular waveguide.


Because of the low resolution of CT images,it is difficult to quantize the loess microstructure accurately.Therefore,in this paper,SEM images are associated with triaxial CT images for the investigating of the microstructure of the collapsible loess.Firstly,the reasonable training samples are extracted from a large number of SEM images with different magnifications.The supervised classification of the CT images is carried out based on these training samples.For a comparison,supervised classification under gray classification of CT images is also made.The results show that: supervised classification of CT images based on SEM images exhibits better performance on the quantization monitoring of the change rule for loess microstructure.It is shown the high quality for monitoring larger pores,aggregates,clay aggregate particles and closed mineral substance of the loess sample during the triaxial shear test.It is believed that this supervised classification based on SEM images could provide a new sight for researching loess microstructure.


Abstract It is controversial to observe or close symptomatic congenital coronary artery fistula in infants. We herein describe a medium-sized symptomatic congenital coronary artery fistula that underwent rapid spontaneous closure in an infant aged <3 months.


Background: Hypertension is one of the commonest cardiovascular disorders in both developing and developed countries. The prevalence of hypertension is seen on the rise in developing countries especially in urban areas with changing lifestyles and increasing longevity. Objectives: The present study was undertaken to study the epidemiology of hypertension in an ethnic community of 'Telugu Vysyas', who are a predominantly business community residing in a coastal city of Berhampur, Southern Orissa. Materials and Methods: A prevalence of hypertension of 35 % was used to derive the study population. Using a non-response rate of 15% and including others who volunteered for the study a total of 480 persons formed the study population. The study population was selected by Simple Random Sampling Technique. All the data that was collected was analyzed using SPSS version 12 (Statistical Package For Social Sciences) statistical software. Proportions were used to calculate the prevalence and Chi-square test were used for the statistical association between the various categorical variables. Results: A prevalence of 23% for hypertension was found in the community. There was a significant association of hypertension with family history of cardiovascular diseases, addiction and consanguinity. Conclusion: Prevalence of hypertension was high in the community in adults more than 40 years. Health education with Life style modification is advocated.


The effects of safety measures on the costs of atomic energy plants are discussed. However, it is felt that excessive safety measures are understandable and necessary until sufficient fundamental scientific and working knowledge allows their gradual reduction. (P.C.H.)


Conference Coverage ACOG AAGL ASRM COGI FIGO ISGE SGO SMFM General Acronym Expander Associations and Societies Bibliography Conference Calendar Conference Coverage Contribute to OBGYN.net Discussion Forums Educational Tutorials Health News Headlines Medline Meet our Doctors & Practitioners Register Ultrasound Images Podcasts and Webcasts Click here to find out more! Advertisement Local Guides Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut DC Delaware Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennesee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Advertisement Conditions and Topic Areas Adhesions Breast Health and Breast Cancer Endometriosis Fibroids Gestational Diabetes Gynecological Oncology Infertility Menopause & Perimenopause Mesothelioma Osteoporosis Pelvic Pain Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Postpartum Depression Pregnancy & Birth Premenstrual Syndrome/Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder(PMS/PMDD) Sex-Related Issues Urogynecology Weight Management Young Women Treatment and Procedures Contraception Fetal Monitoring Hysterectomy Hysterectomy Alternatives Hysterectomy Training Hysteroscopy In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) Laparoscopy Nursing Technology Ultrasound Advertisement Current Medical Professional Forum Discussions no subject received Tue, 13 Sep 2011 12:20:52 -0400 Vicki Re: Postoperative Fever Dr Eberhard W Lisse Re: Stocking up on Pessaries yerra14091971 yerra14091971 Re: Pregnancy Quiz -Image 1 Gunjan Puri Re: Pregnancy Quiz -Image 1 Imran Waheed Educational Tutorials Robotic Surgery in Gynecology - Neena Agarwala, MD, MSc. F.A.C.O.G Heart Disease in Pregnancy - Dr. Mohamed El Sherbiny Submit Your Tutorial Advertisement Ultrasound Image Gallery and Case Studies Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma - Sushila Ladumor, MD Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome in a 17-Year-Old Female - Keerthi Perera and Elmutasim Elkanzi Ductal Carcinoma in Situ - Stamatia Destounis, M.D. Event Calendar September 15: Reproductive Health 2011 by Association of Reproductive Health Professionals (ARHP) September 15: American Gynecological & Obstetrical Society 2011 Annual Meeting by American Gynecological & Obstetrical Society September 15: Mayo Clinic Nutrition in Health and Disease by Mayo Clinic - Mayo Foundation September 15: Reproductive Health 2011 by Association of Reproductive Health Professionals September 16: SURGICAL MASTERS COURSE IN TOTAL LAPAROSCOPIC HYSTERECTOMY by American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) September 16: Hands-On Breast Ultrasound by Keith Mauney & Associates Ultrasound Training Institutes Print this page OBGYN.net Conference Coverage From the AIUM 45th Annual Convention in Orlando, FL, March 11–14, 2001


In this study, we examined whether people can recognize antecedents of schadenfreude toward their misfortune when they become the target, and whether inferred inner states regulate the perception of the expressers along two dimensions: person perception (warmth, competence, and morality) and interaction style (dominance and affiliation). In Study 1, participants were asked about their experience of recognizing others' schadenfreude and compassion toward them when they were experiencing misfortune. In Study 2, participants read a scenario featuring schadenfreude or compassion. The results showed that the expresser of schadenfreude was viewed as feeling greater inferiority, envy, ill will, dislike, rivalry, and thoughts that the target deserved their misfortune, in comparison to the expresser of compassion. Moreover, expressers of schadenfreude were perceived as incompetent, cold, and immoral. Regarding interaction style, the expresser of schadenfreude was perceived as more dominant and less affiliative than the expresser of compassion.


Susan M. Mniszewski, CCS-3; Sara Y. Del Valle, Reid Priedhorsky, D-4; James M. Hyman, Kyle S. Hickman, Tulane University Evidence from the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic and 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic shows that facemasks can be an effective non-pharmaceutical intervention in minimizing the spread of airborne viruses. Recent studies have shown that the use of facemasks is correlated to an individual's age and gender, where females and older adults are more likely to comply than males or youths. We use the EpiSimS agent-based simulation to model the use of facemasks and quantify their impact on three levels of influenza epidemic. Our results show that facemasks alone have limited impact on the spread of influenza except to the wearer. However, when facemasks are combined with other interventions such as hand sanitizer, they can be more effective. We also observe that monitoring Twitter can be a useful technique to measure compliance. We conclude that educating the public on the effectiveness of masks to increase compliance can reduce morbidity and mortality.


Decreasing contact geometry imposes stringent requirements on barrier metals in providing good barrier against Al-Si interdiffusion. The challenge for the barrier metal technologies is to develop a process to give conformal and thermally stable barrier metal film at low enough temperature, so as to be applicable to multilevel interconnect metallization. Collimated Ti/TiN process results in overhanging at the top of the contact and conformality is no way possible. CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) process has been demonstrated to provide excellent conformality and is definitely an attractive option for sub-half micron technology. Process integration of Metalorganic CVD (MOCVD) TiN using TDEAT (Tetrakis(diethylamido) Titanium) precursor and NH3 as co-reactant, together with PVD Ti has been demonstrated as diffusion barrier at contact level for advanced metallization. Two process pressure and temperature regimes of deposition were evaluated. The 30 Torr, 300 degree(s)C higher step coverage process and the 10 Torr, 425 degree(s)C lower resistivity were under study. All barrier stacks went through vacuum break before CVD TiN deposition. RTP was carried out either right after PVD Ti deposition or after CVD TiN deposition. Its impact on contact resistances and junction leakages upon thermal stress were investigated. In addition, the impact of Ti wetting layer on electrical parameters and barrier integrity, which is essential for Al planarization on small geometry contacts, was also studied.


Contents: Review of economic literacy world-wide - Gender differences in Economics - Content analysis of Economics curricula - Levels of economic literacy - Economics as a school subject - Economic Literacy Survey - Queensland 1998 - The internet and data collection - Literacy benchmarking using Rasch scaling - Student's attitudes towards economics - Successful teaching strategies in Economics - School resources and Economic literacy - Policy recommendations - Hierarchical linear models - Path analysis.


The patient underwent a liver transplant in which she received the left lateral liver segments from her mother at the age of 2.5 years, due to progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC). There were no complications in the postoperative period. The infant was discharged with an immunosuppressive regimen that included TAC in combination with steroid for 6 months and thereafter she received only TAC. During the fi rst 2 months after transplant the blood trough TAC level was stable (mean 12 ng/mL) at a dose of 0.4 mg/kg per day. Nine months after transplantation the patient was hospitalized due to diarrhea (numerous watery, yellow stools up to 12/day). The stool was not bloody and the patient was not vomiting. Her blood biochemistry (including liver function tests), hematologic laboratory values and glomerular fi ltration rate were normal. Stools normalized within the next 4 days. The latex test for RV antigen was positive. There were no reasons indicative of high TAC level such as new drug use, cytomegalovirus or cryptococcus infection. The TAC level was 8.2 ng/mL on the fi rst day. The TAC trough level increased to 30 ng/mL on the following day. At this point TAC was discontinued. Despite discontinuance of the drug, the TAC level was maintained at 30 ng/mL for 2 days. Fifteen days after the occurrence of RV-AGE, normal TAC levels were reached at a dose of 0.03 mg/kg per day ( Fig. 1 ).


Platelets play a critical role in liver injury and regeneration. Thrombocytopenia is associated with increases in postoperative complications after partial hepatectomy, but it is unknown whether platelet counts could also predict outcomes after transplantation, a procedure that is often performed in thrombocytopenic patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether platelet counts could be indicators of short‐ and long‐term outcomes after liver transplantation (LT). Two hundred fifty‐seven consecutive LT recipients (January 2003‐December 2011) from our prospective database were analyzed. Preoperative and daily postoperative platelet counts were recorded until postoperative day 7 (POD7). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess whether low perioperative platelet counts were a risk factor for postoperative complications and graft and patient survival. The median pretransplant platelet count was 88 × 109/L [interquartile range (IQR) = 58‐127 × 109/L]. The lowest platelet counts occurred on POD3: the median was 56 × 109/L (IQR = 41‐86 × 109/L). Patients with low platelet counts on POD5 had higher rates of severe (grade IIIb/IV) complications [39% versus 29%, odds ratio (OR) = 1.09 (95% CI = 1.1‐3.3), P = 0.02] and 90‐day mortality [16% versus 8%, OR = 2.25 (95% CI = 1.0‐5.0), P = 0.05]. In the multivariate analysis, POD5 platelet counts < 60 × 109/L were identified as an independent risk factor for grade IIIb/IV complications [OR = 1.96 (95% CI = 1.07‐3.56), P = 0.03)], graft survival [hazard ratio (HR) = 2.0 (95% CI = 1.1‐3.6), P = 0.03)], and patient survival [HR = 2.2 (95% CI = 1.1‐4.6), P = 0.03)]. The predictive value of platelet counts for graft and patient survival was lost in patients who survived 90 days. In conclusion, after LT, platelet counts < 60 × 109/L on POD5 (the 60‐5 criterion) are an independent factor associated with severe complications and early graft and patient survival. These findings may help us to develop protective strategies or specific interventions for high‐risk patients. Liver Transpl 20:147‐155, 2014. © 2013 AASLD.


The water sorption isotherm of coconut pith is studied in order to get an insight into the nature of the sorption process. The surface area available for adsorption, heat of adsorption and approximate size of possible capillaries are computed from the isotherm. A considerable hysteresis effect is observed. The cell structure of coconut pith is studied using an optical microscope. On the basis of the computations and microscopic observations, the similarity of the sorption process with that of woody materials is established.


Abstract : This report is the Final Report of a twelve-month program to develop an analog optical repeater for a 1 GHz-bandwidth recirculating delay line. The feasibility of using single mode fibers as the delay medium for a recirculating delay line of 1 GHz bandwidth and 1 ms delay time is investigated both theoretically and practically. Expected performances at both 1.3 micron and 1.5 micron wavelength with state-of-the-art optical components are indicated. Several key components that are essential for the delay line realization have been demonstrated. Optical receivers and transmitters with bandwidth exceeding 2 GHz have been achieved.


Considering the uncertainties of evidence, regulation and reasoning in the security analysis of complex equipments, this paper made use of the theory of subjective Bayes methods, introduced the odds function, made an subsection inter- polateing transaction of the conditional probability function, represented the data in a uniform framework with the Bayesian Networks and gained a rule of how to express the uncertain information in an accurate way. The result of the example showed the arithmetic is more accurate.


We present a duality theorem. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for any set of algebraic relations to entail the set of all algebraic relations in Davey and Werner's sense. The main result of the paper states that for a finite algebra a finite set of algebraic relations yields a duality if and only if the set of all algebraic relations can be obtained from it by using four types of relational constructs. Finally, we prove that a finite algebra admits a natural duality if and only if the algebra has a near unanimity term operation, provided that the algebra possesses certain 2k-ary term operations for some k. This is a generalisation of a theorem of Davey, Heindorf and McKenzie.


By using a metatheoretical interpretation of the development of international trade theory as an example, I illustrate that, as is manifested in the practices of economic theorization, a theoretical representation can be decomposed into two component representations: a formal representation and a causal narrative representation. I further maintain that, with respect to both component representations, the concern of isomorphism is important in that it is the guiding idea that underlies economists' practice of identifying both an adequate formal model and a plausible causal story to represent the targeted phenomenon. As a result, it can be argued that the nature of the representational relation is manifested in the practices of economists as they imagine the imaginable causal stories on the basis of imaginative causal structures depicted in the causal models of the targeted phenomenon.


This is a preliminary report which discusses the computational analysis of a compact toroid x-ray source. X-ray sources are often used to test the ''hardness'' of electronics and structures to harsh radiation environments. A compact torus x-ray source may be useful for this task because it appears that a high power x-ray source could be produced easily and at a fraction of the cost of x-ray sources currently used for radiation hardness experiments. In addition, by varying the elemental composition of the plasma, the x-ray spectrum can be tailored for a variety of applications. The procedure for generating x-rays consists of accelerating a magnetically confined plasma ring and stagnating it against a stationary object, such as a metal plate. This rapid interaction heats the plasma, via a hydrodynamic shock, and subsequent bound-bound transitions and electron bremsstrahlung generate radiation in the form of x-rays, if the temperature is sufficiently high. We begin with a description of the compact torus and review an experiment which demonstrated the feasibility of the concept. Subsequently, we present the methodology used to simulate the physical behavior of the compact torus as it shock heats. Some details of the initial conditions, physical models and assumptions used formore » these calculations are discussed. The results of the numerical calculations are reviewed with particular attention given to the x-ray spectrum that is produced and how it may be used as a practical source. Finally, we discuss the uncertainties present in the calculations and how they may be reduced by more detailed modeling. 4 refs., 3 figs.« less


Epizootological situation in the Nonblack Soil Zone shows a trend towards an annual increase in fasciolosis prevalence - anthropo-zoohelminthosis of humans and animals. Potential risk increases of further deterioration of the situation concerning the geographical distribution of Fasciola hepatica which actively occupying new agricultural areas. One of the key elements in the complex of anti-fasciolosis measures is a pasture prophylaxis with use of environmentally friendly herbal remedies. Conducting larval deworming gives the greatest therapeutic and prophylactic effect as not only prevents the spread of invasion but also disease in animals. The aim of the present study was to reveal the trematocidal activity of the dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Wigg.) against larvae of the liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica) which locate in digestive tract of definitive host before invasion. Researches were conducted in the laboratory of the FGBNU "NIVI NZ Russia" and on base farms of subzones of southern taiga and mixed forests of the Nizhny Novgorod region. Expressed trematocidal activity of the dandelion with intense effectiveness of 55.88% was revealed experimentally on the laboratory model (grey rabbits). It was estimated that reme- dies prepared from the herb of the dandelion belong to low toxic substances and do not cause collateral effects on non-target objects in particular on grazing farm animals and do not possess cumulative properties (K n > 2.5). Because of good palatability the dandelion can be used in herbages as a valuable forage plant improving digestion, increasing appetite and enhancing lactation. At the same time the dandelion is an effective therapeutic feed additive with trematocidal effects with intense effectiveness of 55.88% on small bulls of black-motley breed.


The problem of management XBRL taxonomy versioning is essential to start successfully the different XBRL projects around the world. At the moment, different development groups are working with distinct numbered edition of the taxonomies, and as a consequence, a hard effort is necessary to debug errors. This paper suggests what methodology should be implemented to manage the numbering and namespace naming of these new editions, and what naming convention should be used for the relevant taxonomies so as to ensure access to all prior editions. Based on the analysis of this approach, we suggest a set of best practices to perform these objectives.


Direct cross coupling of aryl chlorides with aryllithium reagents is achieved under mild conditions using the commercially available Pd2(dba)3/XPhos catalyst system or the air-stable Pd-PEPPSI-IPent (PPI) catalyst.


Five different ion sources were investigated to find one which produced currents of de-excited H3+ ions which are adequate for crossed beam experiments. An inclined beam technique was then used to measure absolute cross sections for energies between 15 and 22 eV, for the formation of protons by collisions between electrons and H3+. From the shape of the excitation function it was established that the H3+ ions had negligible internal energy and that they had two electronically-excited states with energies 15 and 19.2 eV above the lowest vibrational ground state. These energies are in satisfactory agreement with Kawaoka and Borkman's (1971) calculations of the energies of the 3E' and 1E' states of equilateral H3+.


The non-rigid microporous PVC films are prepared by mono-axially stretching nonporous sheets containing fillers which show an average particle size of 2 to 10 μm. The nonporous PVC film is generated from paste-like PVC. The influence of recipe components on the mechanical properties, morphological behavior and permeability to water vapor and water was investigated as well as the influence of the stretching ratio. Filled PVC pastes exhibit higher values for viscosity than those of pure polymer mixtures. For processing the compounded paste by means of a doctor blade a low viscosity is required meaning the amount of filler is limited by the resulting paste viscosity. Due to dewetting, the filler initiates the holes of the microporous system during the stretching process. Empirically, a minimum of about 15 vol % filler particles are necessary in order to achieve an interconnected air hole system. Varying the components PVC, plasticiser and filler, PVC membranes could be prepared with high water vapour permeability and high waterproofness simultaneously. To utilize the membranes commercially a continuous preparation process was developed. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010


Ecademy is a membership organisation for entrepreneurs and business owners who belong to a community that connects, supports and transacts with one another. Ecademy has trail-blazed and pioneered the need for businesses to engage online in a trusted, safe environment and embrace the new digital age. Providing a platform for businesses to learn, network and develop and a peer to peer knowledge exchange through blogging and boardroom events. Ecademy is recognised as the premier online network for businesses to keep up to date with their networking and social media skills as both now go hand in hand. To ensure quality connections and results, Ecademy have developed the tools, resources and events since 1998, to ensure a small to medium business can quickly and effectively find the right kind of people it needs to grow. Ecademy allows you to attract professional people you would like to meet 24 hours a day from your office or home.


2-[4-(Methylthio)phenyl]-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzothiazole (1) and bis[4-(methylthio)phenylmethylene-aminophenyl] disulfide (2) were synthesized. Novel coordination compounds of Ni(II) and Co(II) with 2-[4-(methylthio)phenylmethyleneamino]thiophenol, M(1)2 (M=Co (3); M=Ni (4)), were prepared by reacting 1 with M(OAc)2·6H2O or MCl2·6H2O in EtOH solution. The structure of 2 was proved by X-ray crystallography. Electrochemical behavior of 1–4 in CH3CN solution and at the surface of a gold electrode was studied by cyclic voltammetry. The modification of the electrode by ligand 1 and its complexes with Ni2+ and Co2+ is described in detail. Two procedures were used to obtain a self-assembled monolayer of a metal complex on the gold surface: the adsorption of prepared coordination compound 3 or 4 on the electrode and the initial modification of the electrode with ligand 1 followed by the formation of a coordination complex between the ligand adsorbed on the electrode and a metal salt occurring in solution. On the basis of the electrochemical data, it was found that the structure of complexes formed on the surface differs from that of the complexes produced in solution.


With the increase in popularity of review sites, users can write reviews on services that they have used in addition to reading reviews by other users. However, a number of reviews make it almost impossible for users to read all the reviews in detail. It is even more burdensome to compare multiple services. Thus, useful tools for extracting the unique features of services are necessary so that users can easily and intuitively understand the quality of services and compare them. In this study, we present an unsupervised method for extracting the unique and detailed features of services and the users' opinions on these features. By using the term frequency and inverse document frequency (TF-IDF) algorithm, our method can also extract in particular the praised or criticised features of a specific service. We conducted evaluations to show the validity of our method. In addition, we implemented an intuitive graphical user interface.


Abstract Background Psychosis is associated with profound problems in interpersonal functioning. One of the key elements of social relationships is trust. Previous research has shown that patients with psychotic disorders display reduced trust in others. Reduced trust may lead to paranoid ideation and (as a consequence) to social withdrawal. Patients with psychotic disorders have fewer social contacts and less social support than comparison groups and they frequently have difficulties in developing and maintaining social relationships. This has also been found in young people with first episode psychosis (FEP), who report having less close friends. However, social functioning and social support are a strong predictor for future outcome: Social networks buffer against the impact of adversities. Social isolation, in turn, is associated with reduced quality of life, increased mortality and poor patient outcomes. Therefore, investigating trust and responses to social interactions in daily life is essential for developing interventions to improve social functioning in the field of schizophrenia research. This study investigated the underlying mechanisms of reduced trust in early psychosis patients by linking experimental trust data with emotional responses to day to day social interactions by means of experience sampling. We hypothesized that early psychosis patients, similar to chronic patients with schizophrenia, show more social withdrawal, and report higher levels of negative affect and lower positive affects when in company of others compared to controls. We expect that these social aspects are associated with reduced trust. Methods The sample consisted of 28 patients, of which 16 FEP and 12 patients at clinical high-risk, and 28 healthy controls. Participants performed a trust game during fMRI, and filled in a questionnaire about their social activities and their emotions and symptoms during these activities, 10 times a day, during a week. Results Patients had less social contact, and less contact with familiar others than healthy controls. Furthermore, social contact in general was associated with more positive affect. Contact with familiar others was associated with lower positive symptoms in the patient group, and with more positive affect and less negative affect in patients, whereas patients showed higher negative affect when being alone compared to controls. Empathy was a moderator between closeness of contact and mental health. Group differences in baseline trust, with patients showing reduced baseline trust, were not moderated by social withdrawal (the amount of social contact). Nor was baseline trust moderated by negative or positive affect when in company of others. Social contact was not significantly associated with neural activation. However, in the caudate and the temporo-parietal junction a decrease in activation was apparent, if participants showed more social withdrawal. Discussion The results indicate that familiar company is related to better outcomes in psychotic disorders. Subjects with low levels of empathy had more negative affect when in company of close others when compared to being in company of less familiar others. Furthermore, associations of daily social interactions with baseline trust and its neural correlates show link between reduced baseline trust and frequently being alone. Being alone affects neural responses to received trust in patients. Future research should investigate the role of perceived social support, and the motivation to engage in social contact with good friends or family. Treatment involving familiar contacts may be effective in patients with psychotic symptoms to facilitate social contact and strengthen their relationships.


Article 1 of the Convention on Certain Questions Relating to the Conflict of Nationality Laws permits "each state to determine under its own law who are its nationals." It is precisely because the loss and acquisition of nationality is a matter of unilateral state action that statelessness under certain conditions does occur. The loss of nationality is sometimes closely related to the methods by which nationality is acquired. Most common among these methods of acquisition are: (1) by birth, (2) by minority, (3) by marriage.


Sports dance is a items of foreign culture.This paper investigates the present situation of sport dance in enterprise and public institution of Guangdong province with the methods of literature review,data statistics,and logical analysis by Excel software.I t provides some suggestions for the development of sport dance in enterprise and public institution of Guangdong province.


Background and Purpose: Recently, human impacts on marine ecosystems have intensified as the population and pressures increase. Human-originated pollutants of all kinds have impacted the oceans and the marine ecosystems. Oil spills, sewage, plastics, chemicals, garbage, carbon dioxide, and overfishing are the most challenging issues. It is known that school students are the future generation; they receive their information at school. Therefore, it is essential to assess students' knowledge and awareness regarding ocean related issues.

Methodology: This study investigated ocean literacy (OL) of primary school students at international schools in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, based on the seven principles of ocean literacy. Resources from which children get information about the oceans was also investigated. Finally, the study investigated the attitudes of primary school students towards learning oceanography, protecting the oceans, and the relationship between humans and the environment. A questionnaire had been adapted from the Survey of Ocean Literacy and Experience (SOLE) and the Survey of Ocean Stewardship (SOS). The SOLE and SOS surveys had been developed originally by Greely (2008). However, due to the grade level of students and time issues, the number of questionnaire items were reduced and simplified. The questionnaire was distributed in two separate sessions. Students from three international schools, boys' sections, received the survey. 120 students answered the SOLE, and 102 students answered the SOS.

Findings: Results indicated a rather moderate level of ocean literacy of participants with a mean score of 12.56 (SD= 5.18) concerning the SOLE, and a mean score of 3.30 (SD= 1.12) concerning the SOS. As for the resource of information, results indicated the education program to be the students' main source of education, television channels came second.

Contributions: Students of Riyadh international primary schools showed a positive attitude toward ocean stewardship. The study can help policy makers, curriculum developers and textbook authors to better understand the level of ocean literacy among students and take decisions to develop school curricula especially in the efforts to align with UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development (2021-2030). It also corresponds to the 2020-2030 vision in Saudi Arabia.

Keywords: Ocean Literacy level, ocean Sciences materials, Saudi Arabia learners' attitudes

Cite as: Aboulail, F. S., & Ahmad Tajuddin, A. J. (2021). Ocean literacy of primary students of international schools in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.  Journal of Nusantara Studies, 6(2), 403-423. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol6iss2pp403-423


The alteration of collagen components in clone MC3T3E 1 cells by epidermal growth factor (EGF) was investigated immunocytochemically, using antibodies to type I and type III collagens. EGF transformed those cells that had become more slender than those of control cultures. Type I and type III collagens were observed in the same cells in both EGF-treated and control cultures. Type I


AIM: To study the molecular mechanism of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in pathogenesis of diabetes in rats. METHODS: The diabetic rat model was established by using streptozocin. The animals were divided into normal control (C group), diabetic for one month (M_1 group), for three months (M_3 group) and for five months (M_5 group). In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were conduced to observe the expression of VEGF on retinal digest preparation and paraffin section. RESULTS: 1. On paraffin section: the positive rate of VEGF expression in M_5 group was 67% by in situ hybridization and 89% by immunohistochemistry. There was only 34% positive expression of VEGF in M_3 group by immunohistochemistry. 2. On retinal digest preparation: the VEGF positive expression rate in M_5 group was 34% by in situ hybridization and 56% by immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSION: Both endothelial cells and mural cells and Muller cells express VEGF. The source of VEGF may be from the paracrine pathway in early stage of diabetic retinopathy.


In order to arouse Chinese writers' awareness of the differences between Chinese and English,this paper studies the effects of cultural differences on medical writing in accordance with the characteristics of medical English in the following 3 aspects: word-building,sentence structure,and paragraphing arrangement,so that a bad influence of their mother tongue could be counteracted and thus pure English consistent with English practice could be written out.Meanwhile,the authors address that culture backgrounds should be introduced in the teaching of medical writing.


Background: Ecologic studies support non-pharmacologic measures to protect against SARS-CoV-2, but few studies have evaluated their effects at the individual level in the community. We aimed to assess the magnitude of the associations of social distancing and mask use with laboratory-confirmed infection by SARS-CoV-2 in adults living in Porto Alegre, Brazil, a city with 1,483,771 inhabitants.

Methods: We conducted a population-based case-control study from late April to June 2020. Cases came from a list of all cases mandatorily notified to municipal authorities; controls were antibody-negative participants of three representative household surveys conducted at the same time-period.

Findings: In logistic regression analyses of 271 cases and 1396 controls adjusted for age, sex, race, educational attainment, income, household size and pandemic moment, those reporting moderate to greatest adherence to social distancing  had between 59% (OR=0·41; 95%CI 0·24-0·70) and 75% (OR=0·25; 0·15-0·42) lower odds of becoming infected, compared to those reporting very little adherence.  Lesser out-of-household exposure reduced odds between 52% (OR=0·48; 0·29-0·77) and 75% (OR=0·25; 0·18-0·36), compared to going out every day all day. In a subsample of controls with data on mask use and cases of equivalent pandemic moment (198 cases and 420 controls), mask use reduced odds of infection by 87% (OR=0·13; 0·04-0·36).

Interpretation: Greater social distancing and always using masks while away from home provided major protection against SARS-CoV-2. These simple measures can be of great benefit during the upcoming phases of the pandemic.

Funding: IATS/FAPERGS, UNIMED Porto Alegre, Instituto Cultural Floresta, Instituto Serrapilheira, Ministry of Health.

Declaration of Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Ethics Approval Statement: The ethics committee of the Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre approved our study (No. 31499420·5·0000·5327) and the Brazilian National Ethics Committee (No. 30415520·2·0000·5313) approved the accompanying seroprevalence surveys. All participants gave prior informed consent, in written form by the controls and verbally for cases.


An improved method for estimating the symbol timing offset based on symmetric correlator using statistical change of correlator in preamble-aided OFDM systems is presented. It uses a preamble structure that have symmetrical property and combines with statistical change of Correlator to achieve a near-ideal timing performance without degradation in multipath channel environment. Computer simulations show that the method is robust in fading multipath channels, achieving better performance than the existing methods.


A prospective case series study to analyze the various factors affecting the outcome of corneal regrafts performed during the period from November 2011-may 2013, at Minto Ophthalmic Hospital and Regional Institute, Attached to Bangalore Medical College & Research Institute. Bangalore, in 25 eyes of 24 patients met our inclusion and exclusion criteria. The following inferences are obtained, We found a equal gender ratio in patients undergoing regraft, with mean age group of about 44years. Cataract and glaucoma were found to be the most common co morbidities in our patients. Almost 92% our patients had only one previous keratoplasty. Most of the regrafts had a duration ranging from one to three years from the previous graft Infective corneal ulcers leading to vascularised corneal scars are the most common primary indication, followed by dystrophies. Almost 92% of regrafts are optical compared to 8%of tectonic regrafts. so most of the cases undergoing regrafts in our hospital are for visual purpose. The most common cause of graft failure in our scenario is allograft rejection, followed by glaucoma and graft infections .36% our regrafts had clear graft following a period of one and half month, in which 20% cases progressed to graft failure at the end of last follow up. With respect visual acuity only 8% cases shows VA > 6/60 at end of last visit.


Cancer is a heterogeneous collection of neoplastic cells, surrounded by non‐malignant, stromal cells, and extracellular matrix (ECM), among other constituents. Cross‐talk between tumor and stromal cells forms a dynamic tumor microenvironment (TME) that mediates cell growth, proliferation, and metastasis. The TME can act to inhibit cancer growth and proliferation during the initial stages of carcinogenesis. However, cancer cells are able to evade these inhibitory signals, and subsequently reshape the TME, making it more amenable to their own growth. This gives rise to numerous cancer‐associated stromal cells, including cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs). CAFs further modulate the TME by regulating the release of growth signals, cell death, ECM remodeling, angiogenesis, and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition. To study the ability of prostate cancer to alter the TME in vitro, we exposed human bone fibroblasts (HS‐5 cells) to tumor conditioned media isolated from a human neuroendocrine prostate cancer cell line (DU145) and assessed changes in cell morphology, viability (using MTT assay) and the expression of Group IIA secretory phospholipase A2 (PLA2G2A), as well as its regulatory proteins, glypican‐1 (GPC‐1) and Group IVA phospholipase A2 (PLA2G4A), using qPCR. Exposure of HS‐5 cells to TCM from DU145 cells altered cellular morphology to a more mesenchymal phenotype typically seen in active myofibroblasts. TCM also decreased MTT staining in a time‐dependent manner that was independent of the presence of serum in the TCM. Changes in cell morphology and viability correlated to increases in the expression of PLA2G2A, GPC‐1 and PLA2G4A. The effect of TCM was time‐ and serum‐dependent, and was differential for each gene studied. Alteration in cellular morphology and increases in PLA2G2A, GPC‐1 and PLA2G4A in HS‐5 cells correlated to increases in the expression of fibroblast activation protein‐α, which is a CAF marker. To elucidate the mechanisms mediating changes in HS‐5 cells exposed to TCM, we investigated the expression of GLi1, a transcription factor involved in the activation of the sonic hedgehog signaling pathway. We found that TCM increased GLi1 mRNA levels in HS‐5 cells, with greater increases being observed using TCM containing serum. Collectively, these data demonstrate that media from DU145 cells can induce morphological and genotypic changes in human fibroblasts similar to those observed in CAFs. As such, this model holds promise for identifying molecular mechanisms by which prostate cancer cells alter the TME and induce prostate cancer cell growth.


Fly-by-feel (FBF) is a new paradigm for safely maximizing aircraft stability and performance across a wide range of conditions wherein the aircraft autonomously and intelligently senses the aerodynamic environment and efficiently adapts the aircraft structure and control surfaces to suit the current mission objectives. FBF depends on an integrated active approach to flight control, structural mode attenuation, and flow control. Desired flight performance, gust load alleviation and aerostructural stability in the presence of complex aeroservoelastic (ASE) model uncertainties are met by utilizing aerodynamic observables. This paper describes the components necessary to demonstrate FBF concept for monitoring and suppressing aeroelastic instabilities with a nonlinear ASE wind tunnel test model. Finally, wind tunnel test results are used to explain the relationship between motion of flow bifurcation points and aerodynamic forces.


[eng] A genuine employment policy : a part a the industrial resilience of middle mountains in Auvergne . The middle mountains industry in Auvergne is currently facing a lack of qualifications both due to insufficiency of local labour training and to the difficulty in attracting resources of other regions, specially skilled people. However, the industrial system didn't seem to suffer that much from this handicap and the characteristics of the local labour remain for the local managers one of the key advantages of their geographic situation. These two assessments, apparently contradictory, are indeed the cause and the consequence of a third one : the necessity in which many companies are to train themselves their staff had led them to implement a true employment policy, main element of the industrial resilience. [fre] Le tissu industriel des moyennes montagnes auvergnates, compose principalement de pmi, presente, dans un contexte de plus en plus concurrentiel, une forte resistance en terme d'emplois et d'activite. Cette resilience industrielle s'appuie largement sur une veritable politique de l'emploi dont l'originalite repose sur des pratiques specifiques de recrutement et de formation d'une main-d'œuvre locale pas ou peu qualifiee, pratiques qui permettent aux entreprises de s'adapter aux contraintes du milieu, de transformer des points faibles (faiblesse demographique, manque de qualification...) en points forts (rentabilite de l'investissement-formation, savoir-faire adaptes aux besoins des entreprises, adaptabilite...).


We report on detailed ac calorimetry measurements under high pressure and magnetic field of CeRhIn5. Under hydrostatic pressure the antiferromagnetic order vanishes near p_c*=2 GPa due to a first order transition. Superconductivity is found for pressures above 1.5 GPa inside the magnetic ordered phase. However, the superconductivity differ from the pure homogeneous superconducting ground state above 2 GPa. The application of an external magnetic field H || ab induces a transition inside the superconducting state above pc* which is strongly related to the re-entrance of the antiferromagnetism with field. This field-induced supplementary state vanishes above the quantum critical point in this system. The analogy to CeCoIn5 is discussed.


The invention discloses a method and system for carrying out the parallel spatial analysis service based on spatial data. The method comprises the step of obtaining basic spatial data information of a target object in real time and generating a corresponding parallel task request, the step of encrypting the obtained spatial information and storing the encrypted spatial data information to a distribution type database, the step of scanning the distribution type database in real time to obtain the parallel task request and extracting basic spatial data information of the target object in real time according to the parallel task request, the step of carrying out the parallel analysis service on the extracted basic spatial data information of the target object through a distribution computer server and storing an analysis result into the distribution type database, and the step of sending a spatial analysis result to the target object. According to the method and system, a target object user can easily use the expected spatial analysis service through the parallel spatial analysis service, meanwhile the big data analyzing time can be greatly shortened through the parallel computing capacity, and the method and system have the advantage of being high in efficiency.


The chapter will outline the basic theory, advantages and disadvantages, experimental considerations and set up of various atomic spectroscopy, and electroanalytical quantification methods and their specific application to trace element determination in wines. The reader will gain an introduction to most popular elemental analysis methods used in beverage analysis. Copper, iron, manganese, and zinc will be used as examples of essential trace elements throughout the chapter that at high levels may affect the properties of wine as well as the sensory experience of the consumer. Furthermore, special considerations that should be given to wine as a sample matrix for quantitative analysis of inorganic elements and the use of standard addition methods will be described.


PURPOSE: To minimize the influence of an inappropriate combination of the coefficients of thermal expansion of a sensor housing and a tuning fork. CONSTITUTION: The rotating speed sensor uses a double-sided tuning fork 13 having a mounting base 14 equipped with only a single special mounting surface. The mounting base 14 is surrounded by the main body of the tuning fork 13 and located at the center thereof. The mounting base 14 is connected to the main body by a suspension device placed inside the main body part of the tuning fork 13. The tuning fork 13 is mounted to the housing 11 only by the single special mounting surface.


This JAMA Forum discusses the reasons for changing the Medicare hospice benefit program, the potential serious unintended consequences, and provides recommendations for the testing of new alternative payment models.