DC winding losses remain a major roadblock in realizing high efficiency micro-magnetic components (inductors/transformers). This paper reports an optimized photoresist process using negative tone and acrylic based THB-151N (from JSR Micro), to achieve one of the highest aspect ratio (17:1) and resolution (~5 µm) resist patterns for fabrication of thick (~80 µm) micro-winding using UV lithography. The process was optimized to achieve photoresist widths from 5 µm to 20 µm with resist thickness of ~85 µm in a single spin step. Unlike SU-8, this resist can be readily removed and shows a near-vertical (~91°) electroplated Cu side-wall profile. Moreover, the high resolution compared to available resist processes enables a further reduction in the footprint area and can potentially increase the number of winding thereby increasing the inductance density for micro-magnetic components. Resistance measurements of electroplated copper winding of air-core micro-inductors within the standard 0402 size (0.45 mm2 footprint area) suggested a 42% decrease in resistance (273 mΩ–159 mΩ) with the increase in electroplated Cu thickness (from 50 µm to 80 µm). Reduction of the spacings (from 10 µm to 5 µm) enabled further miniaturisation of the device footprint area (from 0.60 mm2 to 0.45 mm2) without significant increase in resistance.


We propose a new exponential f(R) gravity model with f(R) = (R − λc) e λ(c/R)n and n > 3, λ ≥ 1, c > 0 to explain late-time acceleration of the universe. At the high curvature region, the model behaves like the Λ CDM model. In the asymptotic future, it reaches a stable de-Sitter spacetime. It is a cosmologically viable model and can evade the local gravity constraints easily. This model shares many features with other f(R) dark energy models like Hu-Sawicki model and Exponential gravity model. In it the dark energy equation of state is of an oscillating form and can cross phantom divide line ωde = −1. In particular, in the parameter range 3 < n ≤ 4, λ ∼ 1, the model is most distinguishable from other models. For instance, when n = 4, λ = 1, the dark energy equation of state will cross −1 in the earlier future and has a stronger oscillating form than the other models, the dark energy density in asymptotical future is smaller than the one in the high curvature region. This new model can evade the local gravity tests easily when n > 3 and λ > 1.


The present invention relates to an automatically fastening seatbelt assembly which causes an occupant of a vehicle to be automatically held to a seat in the vehicle by a restraining webbing, after the occupant is positioned on the seat in the vehicle. The seatbelt assembly includes a guide rail, a slider which is displaceable along the guide rail and a restraining webbing which is fixed to the slider at one end thereof. This guide rail is provided with stop switches at each end thereof. The stop switches are connected to a source of electricity or an electric control circuit through connecting wires. Further, the stop switches detect the arrival of the slider at either end of the guide rail and output signals to the electric control circuit. More particularly, the present invention relates to improvements in the stop switch assembly which protect the connecting wire which is connected to the stop switches. Specifically, the connecting wire is positioned in a stop switch assembly which includes a "C"-shaped guide bracket, around which the connecting wires are wrapped to prevent kinking in the connecting wires.


Too often, promotion from the working level arises merely as the result of being a good worker. There is nothing wrong with this, because a supervisor needs to have a good knowledge of the work. Thus, in the teaching world, a supervisory grade does need to be a good teacher, because he has to be able to guide, enthuse, correct, and set a good example to other teachers.


To the Editor:

Wallerath et al1 reported that the stilbene derivative trans-resveratrol, an ingredient of red wine, stimulates acute nitric oxide (NO) release from vascular endothelial cells and induces upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene expression after 24 to 72 hours incubation. Resveratrol-enhanced eNOS expression and activity were considered to contribute to the vasoprotective activity of red wine. However, this conclusion may be premature, because contradicting findings and possible adverse consequences of eNOS overexpression have to be considered.

(1) Conducting tone measurements on endothelium-preserved arteries, we and others detected no resveratrol-induced vasodilatations.2,3 Consistently, real-time measurements of resveratrol-mediated NO release from porcine coronary arteries revealed only nonsignificant elevations of 15±6% over basal NO levels.3 In contrast, Wallerath et al1 determined acute NO effects of resveratrol in a cell culture system of EA.hy 926 and calculated eNOS activity indirectly by assessment of cGMP increase in reporter cells which may not reflect …


The intent of this report is to reflect my team's successes and failures in managing Mercury Shoes during the four years and five rounds of the SIM, and evaluates my abilities to successfully do so. This assessment includes some discussion of the areas such as strategy, mission and values, performance, and externalities. It also includes comments on ways/areas where my team and I might have been more effective in addressing each area.


This study is to determine the effect of Return On Equity (ROE) and Price Earning Ratio (PER) on Price to Book Value in LQ45 Category Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2018. The research method used in this research is descriptive analysis with a survey approach. The analytical method used is Panel Data Regression using eviews 9. Based on the results of data processing it is known that partially Return On Equity (ROE) has a positive and significant effect on Price to Book Value (PBV) and Price Earning Ratio (PER) positive and insignificant effect against Price Book Value (PBV). Then together Return On Equity (ROE) and Price Earning Ratio (PER) significantly influence the Price Book Value (PBV) of LQ 45 Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2018.


A laser-produced plasma source for extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) lithography conventionally uses a diffraction grating on the collection mirror for spectral purity filtering via diffractive scattering of infrared (IR) radiation. This paper proposes an alternative approach in which an EUV-blazed diffraction grating diverts in-band EUV radiation into the intermediate-focus aperture, rather than diverting IR out of the aperture. The full out-of-band spectrum, from long-wave IR to vacuum ultraviolet, can be fully excluded by this method regardless of whether the radiation is undiffracted or diffractively scattered by the grating. Much of the out-of-band radiation—especially the IR—is undiffracted, and this radiation can be efficiently returned to the plasma via retroreflection to enhance IR-to-EUV conversion. Plasma-emitted radiation that does not intercept the collection mirror can also be recycled back to the plasma via retroreflection to further boost EUV output.


Device for supporting solar panels (2) or solar modules to a mounting surface (6) with a particular by a forming process from a sheet material such as sheet metal, prepared in one-piece carrier (3, 10), the at least one support (8) (for set-up 6) and between its support ends of at least two consecutive and by a web (5) separate receptacles (4) for solar cells (2) or for the solar modules forms, in particular the mounts (4) opposite the mounting surface (6) extending at least partially inclined, wherein the substantially below the solar cells (2) or solar panels extending support (3, 10) at least with its support ends (7, 9) supports (8, 11) is formed, characterized in that the support (11) a mounting flange (13 ) with predetermined breaking points (14), particularly for assembly purposes of the carrier (3, 10), comprising.


The development of multicellular organisms involves an important balance between cell growth, cell division and cell death. In animals, programmed cell death (PCD) plays a key role by forming and deleting structures, controlling cell numbers and eliminating abnormal damaged cells. Caspases were found to be the key executioner of the cell suicide pathway. In plants, PCD plays an important role in development and in the responses to pathogens and abiotic stresses. Some common features of PCD were found to be conserved in both plants and animals (cytoplasm shrinkage, cytochrome c leakage out of mitochondria, chromatin condensation, altered nuclear morphology, DNA fragmentation in large fragments and DNA laddering). This indicates that a similar apoptotic machinery may be present in plants. After the elucidation of the complete sequences of Arabidopsis and rice, it has become clear that no genes for the caspases are present in plants. In this thesis, three model systems are described to determine the existence of caspase-like activities in plants during PCD. The first model used is a T-DNA integration arabidopsis mutant that shows necrotic spots on its leaves. The second model used is barley, during the transition from multicellular structures to globular embryos during androgenesis. The third model used was an artificial model of rice suspension cells with heat-shock as a PCD inducer. In these models, PCD was described and caspase-like activity was measured. In addition, the development and implementation of the protocol to purify plant caspase-3 like activity is described.


In our project, we investigated how popularity in society can be reflected in the online community. In particular, we examined how movies are represented on the Twitter social networks. We do this by analyzing a popular movies prevalence on Twitter network. For each movie, we construct a subgraph of the overall Twitter social graph based on discussion on Twitter, examine a number of properties of this graph, and relate it to the box-office performance of the movie. We obtain a surprising negative result and unexpected positive results for certain properties, and propose a hypothesis to explain them.


Plugging and Abandonment (P&A) has long been given little im- portance in the oil industry as the activity does not generate values, and preparing for it to be efficiently carried out was overs ...


James Brow. Vedda Villages of Anuradhapura: The Historical Anthropology of a Community in Sri Lanka. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1978. xv + 268 pp. Maps, photographs, figures, bibliography and index. $15.00.


Pre-practice is the characteristics of academy education,which is an important teaching model of strengthenings student ability as well as comprehensive ability of solving problems.Combining recent practice of vocation graduation design,it makes research on graduation design in the process of duty practice,so as to reach the target.


Description Type I interferon switches the receptor CD200R from inhibiting to potentiating inflammatory responses in immune cells. Interferon turns the tables The inhibitory immunoreceptor CD200R dampens the TLR-dependent production of inflammatory cytokines by myeloid cells. Ligand-dependent CD200R signaling depends on the recruitment of an adaptor and the protein p120-RasGAP to its cytoplasmic tail. van der Vlist et al. found that treatment of human PBMCs with IFN-α resulted in the cleavage of p120-GAP, thus dysregulating CD200R signaling. Compared to PBMCs from healthy donors, those from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, a disease characterized by high serum concentrations of IFN-α, had increased cleavage of p120-RasGAP. Furthermore, CD200R engagement enhanced, rather than reduced, the TLR-stimulated production of inflammatory cytokines. These data suggest that the type I IFN–dependent rewiring of CD200R signaling may underlie the inflammation seen in SLE patients. CD200 receptor 1 (CD200R) is an inhibitory immunoreceptor that suppresses Toll-like receptor (TLR)–induced cytokine production through the adaptor protein Dok2 and the GTPase activating protein (GAP) p120-RasGAP, which can be cleaved during mild cellular stress. We found that in the presence of cleaved p120-RasGAP, CD200R lost its capacity to inhibit phosphorylation of ribosomal S6 protein (rpS6), suggesting the reduced activity of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Furthermore, treatment of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with interferon-α (IFN-α) resulted in increased amounts of cleaved p120-RasGAP. Upon pretreatment of cells with increasing concentrations of IFN-α, CD200R switched from inhibiting to potentiating the TLR7- and TLR8-induced expression of the gene encoding IFN-γ, a cytokine that is important for innate and adaptive immunity and is implicated in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) pathogenesis. PBMC from patients with SLE, a prototypic type I IFN disease, had an increased abundance of cleaved p120-RasGAP compared to that in cells from healthy controls. In a subset of SLE patients, CD200R stopped functioning as an inhibitory receptor or potentiated TLR-induced IFNG mRNA expression. Thus, our data suggest that type I IFN rewires CD200R signaling to be proinflammatory, which could contribute to the perpetuation of inflammation in patients with SLE.


This article describes the construction of one of the tunnels, required for the diversion of water from a new dam on the Yellow River at Wanjiazhai in Shianxi Province in China. The diversion is along a 300km long aqueduct system, nearly 200km of which will be in tunnel. A 40km long 6.1m diameter main tunnel is being constructed between the dam and a junction from which two 4.8m diameter branches will run. The Italian consortium CMC-SELI is driving 21km of the main tunnel, using a Robbins double-shield hardrock tunnel boring machine (TBM). The TBM was launched from a 10m deep starter tunnel in loess, a sandy clay. TBM progress has often been difficult through abrasive dolomitic limestone, but easier through argillaceous limestone. Very abrasive strata of quartz sandstone could also be encountered. With 7.4km advance so far, the project is progressing well and on schedule, though with considerable wear on the TBM. Modifications to its cutterheads are being designed. 1.6m deep hexagonal precast concrete segments are being used for the tunnel lining.


Implementation of e-government is seen as a tool to improve government service delivery to citizens, businesses and within government agencies. The benefits could be more transparency, greater convenience, less corruption, revenue growth and cost reduction. However, lack of financial resources, and low levels of skills and limited capacity of governments are some of the main obstacles faced in pursuance of e-government nationwide. The introduction of Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) is seen as a solution to overcome many of the obstacles and challenges faced by governments in realizing the objectives of e-government projects. PPP model is expected to increase opportunities for both the public and private sectors to serve their customers more effectively and efficiently. The main aim of this paper is to explore the need for PPP in e-government service delivery. This is done by discussing some success stories and looking at lessons learned by the Malaysian government to serve the stakeholders better in line with its vision and mission.


The bachelor thesis deals with the occurrence of siliceous rocks in eastern Slovakia. It includes geomorphological and geological knowledge of the studied region and describes the individual kinds of local siliceous rocks both from primary occurrences in the flysch zone and from secondary deposits in fluvial gravels. Siliceous rocks were studied by optical and X-ray analyses. The main aim is the description of the so-called Ondava chert, which is known from secondary finds in the gravels of rivers terraces and archaeological sites of Stone Age in eastern Slovakia. The author managed to find its source rocks, which have been identified as silicified claystones and siltstones in the Zlin Beds belonging to the Magura Group of nappes.


ABSTRACT The host-searching capacity of the parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) was evaluated in field cages with Anastrepha ludens (Loew)-infested mangoes. The main objective was to determine whether the data collected from these evaluations could be analysed to obtain useful quality indicators of mass reared adult parasitoids. Landing and oviposition activities of female parasitoids on infested fruit increased at higher densities of larvae and with more extended time of infested fruit exposition. Physical characteristics of the fruits did not influence the search. Females positively arrested on infested fruit, and their response was significantly related to the number of larvae per fruit. At a density of 1–40 larvae per fruit, 5–8 parasitoid females were found landing on the fruit, with 1–2 females ovipositing every 15 minutes for 2 hours, resulting in percentages of parasitism between 30 and 56%. The mass-reared parasitoids showed a competitive response similar to that determined for wild parasitoids. The evaluation procedure is practical and inexpensive, allowing it to be applied for quality assessment in mass rearing of D. longicaudata.


Wavelength conversion in coupled quantum wells driven by terahertz fields has been studied using a model that includes the effects of band structure, excitons and intersubband transitions. Good agreement is achieved with published experimental data.


Abstract : Emerging needs of the emergency management discipline are outlined in recent presidential directives, national strategies and federal emergency management strategic initiative documents. Meeting these needs requires collaboration as a core capability. Collaboration with diverse communities, volunteers and the private sector are essential, as are strategic and operational actions for collaboration, building social capital, and using social media for collaboration. The future of our nation's resilience to disasters depends on a collaborative network of partners that reaches from the Federal Emergency Management Agency to individual citizens and the communities they inhabit. State emergency management agencies are the hub of this network and must lead the effort to effectively collaborate at all levels. The research findings of this thesis show that state emergency management organizations have not yet fully developed the collaborative capacities necessary to meet emerging needs. In addition, data shows that organizational structures of state emergency management organizations are impacting collaborative capacity development. In particular, military-based organizations lag behind their civilian-based counterparts in every area of collaborative capacity building. Reasons for these differences, and research into more effective structural models, should be explored.


Whether qualified as impresarios or art agents, these actors of the art world have held the position of intermediaries on the art job market since the end of the 19th century. This article seeks to show how art agents have progressively constructed their professional field, moving from a lack of regulation to the framing and liberalisation of their activity. Initially lacking control and discredited due to suspicions of swindling, the profession was progressively controlled by local and municipal authorities. The social construction of the profession rests on an effort to moralise and frame an activity which, after having obtained an exceptional right of practise while fee paying placing agencies were being abolished, was finally legalised as a profession in December 1969. From 2004 onwards, another phase was initiated, leading to the liberalisation of the profession with the application of the 2010 Bolkenstein directive. The scope of the activity having widened from mere placing to the representation of professional interests, the legalisation of the activity was thus constructed between artist union struggles and the internal structuring of a very heterogeneous and hierarchical professional field.


Summary. Cypholophus decipiens H. J. P. Winkl. and C. brassii Diels, (Urticaceae) both described from New Guinea, are considered conspecific with the earlier, but illegitimate Boehmeria acuminata Wedd., described from New Caledonia. The combined taxon, to be named C. decipiens, has been reported also from Ponape in the Caroline Is., and is here shown to be widespread in the Solomon Is. and in Vanuatu. It has diagnostic characters of Cypholophus, and should be placed in that genus in spite of its suberect or pendulous leafless branches with clusters of male flowers, a structure that looks like the inflorescences in some species of Boehmeria. The species is described and mapped from ample material which has


This research collected and analyzed Bluetooth travel time and speed data for the Houston–Galveston regional transportation study. The Bluetooth data collection covered 70 arterial routes totaling more than 1800 directional miles in the regional urban network. The research conducted sample size analysis to determine a proper width of time window for data screening and proposed a method of confidence level analysis to evaluate the quality of data for each study site. It was found that screening window of 15 minutes or 30 minutes was too short due to the large variation in the sampled data; by reporting the data by hour and by peak or off peak period, more than 95 percent of study sites had a high confidence level in the data. The research then resorted to the geographic information system to develop data visualization tools for congestion management. The speed map color-coded level of service for arterials and absolute speed values for freeways, which directly identified congested segments for different times of day. The shortest route map provided comparison between typical freeway routes and the shortest routes by the actual travel time. The travel time contour map showed the accessibility to an area within certain amount of time. With the Bluetooth technique added in to the regional traffic monitoring system, the data analysis and visualization methods proposed in this study will be incorporated into future congestion management process.


The present invention discloses a controller for controlling mounted on a vehicle and is driven by a motor operated device. Said controller comprising: a motor control part operable to control the motor based on the target; and the target determining portion operable to determine based on the wave intensity characteristic of the target value. Wave intensity characteristic represented by the following relationship between the two: (A) propagating wave intensity, which indicates a drive of the drive apparatus for generating and propagating wave intensity passenger of the vehicle, and (B) output index, which represents the output of the motor. Also disclosed is a wave intensity characteristic obtainer configured to obtain the characteristic wave intensity by measuring the intensity of the wave.


Gresik city growth, accompanied by the increase of population, urbanization and industrial development poses a considerable impact on the hydrological cycle and reduces the absorption region, resulting in flooding. Floodprone area is around market of the city. The issues raised in the field can be analyzed and poses conditions of the existing drainage system of Kali Tutup Barat Gresik as well as the handling based conservation using Bozem and injection wells. The study results found that the drainage system of Kali Tutup Barat Gresik is unable to cope with puddle. Of the available land, the bozem capacity can accommodate puddle discharge of 4.444 m3, while the injection wells at 706,5 m3. Key words: Population density, drainage, bozem, injection wells


Macula is an oval yellowish area in the retina that surrounds the fovea and has the highest visual acuity due to the presence of cones. Many diseases like age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), cystoid macular edema, macular hole and maculopathy etc. could affect the normal morphology or structure of the macula and hence affect vision. The retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) is a sensitive retinal structure, formed by the retinal ganglion axons. It is thickest near the optic disc (also known as porusopticus), gradually diminishing toward the oraserrata. Diseases affecting the retinal nerve fibre layer are like glaucoma, peri-papillary atrophy, optic nerve head atrophy, optic neuritis etc.


The cyclic electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) technique and the electrochemical/electrogravimetric impedance technique have been used to reveal the ion transport mechanism of polypyrrole/nitrate (PPy/NO 3) films in the slow as well as fast charge transport processes in aqueous electrolyte solutions. The relative contributions and the relative apparent diffusion coe fficients of three ions in both the slow and the fast charge transport process were obtained by assuming that the diffusion coeffi cients of two anions are similar, though three kinds of ions (anion and cation of an electrolyte, and another ion) take part in ion tran sport. It is shown that cation transport is considerable in the slow charge transport process while anion transport is dominant in the fast charge transport process.


Objective To investigate the clinical and neuroimaging characteristics of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(CJD).Materials and Methods The clinical manifestation,electroencephalogram(EEG) and neuroimaging of two cases with CJD were analyzed retrospectively and associated literatures were reviewed.Results Two cases showed bilateral lesions in both the cerebral cortex and the basal ganglia,high signal intensity on Diffusion weighted images(DWI),slightly high signal-intensity on T2WI and fluid-attenuated recovery(FLAIR) images,iso signal intensity on T1WI.The cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) was positive for the 14-3-3 protein and the Electroencephalogram(EEG) was abnormal.Conclusion DWI display bilateral high signal intensity in the cerebral cortex and/or striatum,which is a highly sensitive and specific examination for early diagnosis of CJD.


The slit drum is made from a hollowed log in the center of which an opening has been carved out.


The influence of cooling process on microstructure of high-strain pipeline steel X80 with its low yield ratio has been examined by SEM and in situ TEM. The results illustrate that ferrite+bainite dual phase structure is obtained after proper relaxation and chilling down process, while the terminate temperature of relaxation is the decisive factor. When the stop temperature for relaxation ranges from 690 to 705 , the combination of strength and ductility reaches the need for the use of X80 pipeline steel. The reduction of relaxation stop temperature results in increases of the volume of ferrite phase and grain size, which leads to lower yield ratio. Tensile test shows that the lower yield ratio mainly attributes to the cooperative deformation mechanism between soft ferrite and hard bainite.


Poster: "ECR 2014 / C-1740 / A retrospective study comparing 11-gauge vacuum and 14-gauge automated biopsy equipment with postoperative histology to determine concordance of results for B3 lesions and DCIS: Quantitative Research." by: "A. Javed1, R. Mehta2; 1Gillingham/UK, 2Kent/UK"


Abstract An important issue in language acquisition is understanding the function of suprasegmental information (e.g., tones) in spoken word recognition. Recent research found that three-year-old monolingual Mandarin learners recognized Mandarin words that were mispronounced using another Mandarin tone. This finding suggests that tone learners may have a tolerance of tone variation in spoken word recognition (i.e., their acceptance of tonally mispronounced words) by three years of age. However, it is also possible that the three-year-olds' tolerance of tone variation in spoken word recognition was merely driven by the children's familiarity with Mandarin tones, since the tone mispronunciations were produced using another Mandarin tone. This study examined whether three-year-old Mandarin learners can recognize words mispronounced using a novel tone that is unrelated to the Mandarin tone system, and whether their word recognition performance differs among words that are correctly pronounced, mispronounced with another Mandarin tone, and mispronounced with the novel tone. Two major findings emerged. First, spoken word recognition was faster on correctly pronounced words than on mispronounced words. Second, the children recognized the tested words regardless of pronunciation type, revealing a tolerance of tone variation in spoken word recognition. Thus, this study confirmed the recent discovery that tone acquisition exhibits a tolerance of tone variation around age three. In addition, this tolerance is not specific to tone mispronunciations produced using another Mandarin tone.


Two methods for experimentation with ultrashort mid-infrared light pulses are presented. The techniques utilize high repetition rate sources, and are therefore suitable for use with lock-in modulation detection.


Gravity mediated supergravity models with H-parity invariance give rise naturally to a dark matter candidate, the lightest neutralino. Models with both universal soft breaking (mSUGRA) and with non-universal soft breaking (in the Higgs and third generation sectors) are shown to be consistent with the recent DAMA data suggesting the existence of an annual modulation effect. This data, if confirmed, would imply significant constraints on SUSY predictions at accelerators.


In this issue, Kanaya and colleagues (1) report a lower risk for new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus in postmenopausal women receiving combined estrogenprogestin hormone replacement therapy (HRT). This news from the Heart and Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS) is encouraging because it comes from a well-conducted substudy within a clinical trial that has focused largely on cardiovascular outcomes. At the start of the study, the postmenopausal participants had fasting glucose levels measured and were categorized as normal, having impaired fasting glucose, or having diabetes. They were followed for the development of new type 2 diabetes mellitus over 4 years. Daily treatment with 0.625 mg of conjugated estrogen plus 2.5 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate resulted in a 35% lower risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus during follow-up. Previous work in smaller samples, such as that reported by Espeland and coworkers (2) from the Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) trial, set the stage for Kanaya and colleagues' analysis. The earlier report described lower levels of fasting glucose and insulin after estrogen replacement in a prospective study environment. Favorable effects on fasting glucose and insulin levels, but not necessarily postchallenge levels during a glucose tolerance test, were found for estrogen alone and for combined treatment with estrogen and progestin (2). Over the past few years, investigators have continued to report neutral or favorable effects of estrogen and HRT on glucose homeostasis. Assessing the health effects of HRT is a difficult balancing act. Favorable effects on high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol fractions, fibrinogen levels, risk for osteoporotic fractures, and risk for clinical cardiovascular disease have commonly been described, yet unfavorable risks for venous thromboembolism, high triglyceride levels, high C-reactive protein levels, and breast cancer after long-term use can occur. Cardiovascular prevention trials with HRT have not corroborated some of the observational data, and the currently approved indications for estrogen plus medroxyprogesterone acetate include only relief of perimenopausal vasomotor symptoms, therapy for vulvar and vaginal atrophy, and prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis (3). Although many therapeutic options for postmenopausal HRT are available, only one regimen was used in HERS. That approach can be viewed as advantageous, as various progestational agents have differing metabolic effects on lipids and glycemia, and it has been difficult to sort out the role of the progestational agents when preparations and doses have varied between studies. The research question in the report by Kanaya and colleagues was not a primary or secondary focus of the original project, and glycemic control was considered only as a potential modulator of heart disease risk among women in this HRT trial. On one hand, protection afforded by HRT against the risk for new type 2 diabetes mellitus is believable, and the described effects are strong. Supportive data have been reported elsewhere with oral estrogens (4-6) and inconsistently with transdermal estrogens (7, 8). On the other hand, important issues were not addressed; the study sample was almost entirely white, and earlier reports raised the possibility that HRT may increase postchallenge glucose levels (2, 5). Diabetes prevention has become a critical public health issue, and an epidemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus is sweeping the United States, preferentially affecting adults with African, Latin American, or South Asian heritage. More data on the effects of HRT on postchallenge glycemia and information from persons of nonwhite ethnicity are needed. Mechanisms that might account for the effects of estrogen preparations on glycemia are under active investigation. For instance, rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes who were later treated with estradiol had little change in blood glucose and insulin levels (9). In other animal studies, estrone decreased glucose-6-phosphatase activity and normalized blood glucose levels (10). In human studies, obesity and androgenicity have been shown to be hallmarks of insulin resistance in women (11). Because HRT provided the greatest benefit for glycemia in the women with the highest levels of obesity, glucose, and insulin in the PEPI study, the clinical situation is reminiscent of the polycystic ovary syndrome, where obesity, insulin resistance, and elevated androgen levels are typical and deficient aromatase activity may play a role (12, 13). The report by Kanaya and colleagues indicates that we should take further steps to address whether HRT improves glycemia. Larger observational studies with greater ethnic diversity and information on postchallenge glucose and insulin levels are likely to follow. Baseline level of adiposity, weight change during follow-up, and time since menopause are examples of other analytic variables of interest that might help us to develop greater understanding of the potential protective effects of HRT on risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Data may already be available or can be easily obtained to undertake some of these analyses. Unfortunately, such information will not convince us that HRT prevents diabetes or improves hyperglycemia. Clinical trials have recently shown that type 2 diabetes mellitus can be prevented with lifestyle changes and pharmaceutical agents (14, 15), and more trials are under way or in the planning phases. It would be appropriate to consider HRT as a diabetes prevention agent for high-risk women in some of these trials. Because the same women are often at greatly increased risk for cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus, some consideration should be given to the development of a randomized clinical trial that includes HRT as a therapeutic arm, along with a composite end point that includes cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Use of HRT alone or in a factorial design is a possibility for clinical trials. Enthusiasm for HRT has recently been stifled because of null and negative effects for a variety of outcomes in clinical trials. Future studies of HRT should investigate its effects on glucose metabolism more thoroughly, and oversampling of high-risk genetic and ethnic subgroups could be quite informative. Kanaya and colleagues' results are not definitive and require confirmation and expansion in a formalized clinical trial with predetermined hyperglycemic end points. We may have thought that the curtain had fallen on HRT-related clinical trials, but only an estrogen encore will provide the necessary data to adequately assess the advantages and disadvantages of HRT and glycemic control.


Let 𝑅=GR(𝑝𝑠,𝑝𝑠𝑚) be a Galois ring of characteristic 𝑝𝑠 and cardinality 𝑝𝑠𝑚, where 𝑠 and 𝑚 are positive integers and 𝑝 is an odd prime number. Two kinds of cogredient standard forms of symmetric matrices over 𝑅 are given, and an explicit formula to count the number of all distinct cogredient classes of symmetric matrices over 𝑅 is obtained.


Disadvantage of two hierarchical evaluation model of technological innovation capability of enterprise were analyzed,one hierarchical evaluation model was established and the harmful effects due to multicollinearity among in evaluation indexes were corrected,the ridge regression approach was applied to data processing and the influences of different evaluation indexes on technological innovation capability of enterprise can be properly confirmed. To do so,it has offered the important basis for improving the technology innovation capability of enterprise.


Color fusion technology, one of the typical technologies, has been emphasized all over the world. Multiband images are fused into a color image. Some effective visible and thermal infrared color fusion algorithms have been proposed now. We have successfully run a real-time natural sense of visible/infrared color fusion algorithm in DSP and FPGA hardware processing platforms. However, according to different needs, gray image fusion technology has its own unique applications. Based on the natural sense of color image fusion algorithm of the visible and infrared, we have proposed a visible / infrared gray image fusion algorithm. Firstly we do a YUV color fusion. Then we output the brightness of the fusion as gray fusion images. This algorithm for image fusion is compared with typical fusion algorithms: the weighted average, the Laplace Pyramid and the Haar basis wavelet. Several objective evaluation indicators are selected. The results of objective and subjective comparison show that the algorithm has most advantages. It shows that multiband gray image fusion in the color space is available. The algorithm is implemented on a DSP hardware image processing platform real-time with the TI's chip as the kernel processor. It makes natural sense of color fusion and gray fusion for visible light (low level light) and thermal imaging integrated. Users are convenient to choose model of the natural sense of color fusion or gray fusion for real-time video imaging output


Standardization can be regarded as the soul of the cataloguing of the bound journals,which is originated from the objectivity,logicality and rationality.The paper makes an in-depth exploration to the main fields of the computer cataloguing of the bound journals so as to promote the standardization in the description of bound journals.


Objective To explore differences in clinical manifestations and outcomes in those patients who develop infection after undergoing initial implantation versus reoperation. Methods We compared cases of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infection based on initial implantation versus reoperation from 11 centres. Results There were 432 patients with CIED infection, 178 occurring after initial device placement and 254 after repeat reoperation. No differences were seen in age, sex or device type. Those with infection after initial implant had a higher Charlson Comorbidity Score (median 3 (IQR 2–6) vs 2 (IQR 1–4), p<0.001), shorter time since last procedure (median 8.9 months (IQR 0.9–33.3) vs 19.5 months (IQR 1.1–62.9), p<0.0001) and fewer leads (2.0±0.6vs 2.5±0.9, p<0.001). Pocket infections were more likely to occur after a reoperation (70.1%vs48.9%, p<0.001) and coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS) was the most frequently isolated organism in this group (p=0.029). In contrast, initial implant infections were more likely to present with higher white cell count (10.5±5.1 g/dL vs 9.5±5.4 g/dL, p=0.025), metastatic foci of infection (16.9%vs8.7%, p=0.016) and sepsis (30.9%vs19.3%, p=0.006). There were no differences in in-hospital (7.9%vs5.2%, p=0.31) or 6-month mortality (21.9%vs14.0%, p=0.056). Conclusions CIED infections after initial device implant occur earlier, more aggressively, and often due to Staphylococcus aureus. In contrast, CIED infections after reoperation occur later, are due to CoNS, and have more indolent manifestations with primary localisation to the pocket.


History of binary and other nondecimal numeration. Based on the author's thesis (Ph. D. — Temple University), presented under the title: History of modern numeration systems. who were kind enough to communicate their comments about the strengths and weaknesses of the original edition. The present revised edition is the better for it. A special thanks is also owed to John Wagner for his careful editorial work and to Adele Clark for her thorough preparation of the Index.


It is demonstrated that outer and inner electron shells, including that formed by collectivized electrons of the fullerene C{sub 60}, affects dramatically the cross section of the subvalent ns subshells of the noble-gas endohedral atoms A-C{sub 60}. The calculations are performed within the framework of a very simple, so-called ''orange skin,'' model that makes it possible, in spite of its simplicity, to take into account the modification of the ns subshell due to its interaction with inner and outer atomic shells, as well as with the collectivized electrons of the C{sub 60}. As a concrete example, we consider the Xe 5s electrons completely collectivized by the powerful action of the Xe close and remote multielectron neighboring shells.


Current smartphone authentication methods are known to be susceptible to even rudimentary attacks based on observation. In this paper, we propose an approach to authentication based on rich tapping patterns that addresses this problem. We present a novel tapping detection technique, using a single example as a template. We also report on two user studies (N = 30 and N = 19) where tapping authentication is compared to the leading alternatives, both in an "out in the open" and in an "under the table" condition. Results indicate that the tapping method approximates current standards of security and usability, but also affords inconspicuous authentication, thus allowing the user to self-protect in social settings.


The Port of New York and New Jersey presently handles more than 13 million metric tons of cargo in 1.3 million containers. This paper discusses a study to identify, screen, evaluate and recommend a plan for channel improvements, including deepening, widening, and realignment. Environmental analyses focused on identifying potential impacts that were addressed in the environmental impact statements and on potential mitigation plans. This paper focuses on the ecological issues, particularly effects on existing habitats, because the primary adverse environmental consequence of the plan is the loss of shallow water habitat.


The bending of a viscoelastic beam with embedded shape memory alloy (SMA) wires was modeled and analyzed by the finite element method and the result was verified by experiments. It was found that the results from the thermo viscoelalstic analysis agree better with the experimental results than the results from the thermo elastic analysis. It suggests that it is appropriate to analyze the response of the SMA epoxy composites by the thermoviscoelasticity theory as the temperature rise resulting from activating SMA has significant effects on the epoxy matrix.


The combination of gas sensitive material and fiber optic sensor to realize human breath test is one of the important ways in breath testing. Therefore, this paper takes use of perovskite doping assisted by ultraviolet irradiation to improve the optical fiber sensitivity as to fabricate a kind of ethanol gas sensor involved by single-mode multimode single-mode fiber optic and to conduct verification, which explores the gas sensitive performance of the combination of fiber optic and new type composite materials. In the condition of ordinary temperature with ultraviolet irradiation, the ethanol gas could be measured accurately and stabled by selecting flower shaped ZnSnO3 doped with TiO2.


A risk‐targeted design spectral acceleration and the corresponding seismic design action for the force‐based design of structures is introduced by means of two formulations. The first one called direct formulation utilizes the seismic hazard function at the site of the structure. Because the seismic action defined in the codes is often associated with a designated return period, an indirect formulation is also introduced. It incorporates a risk‐targeted safety factor that can be used to define a risk‐targeted reduction factor. It is shown that the proposed formulations give analogical results and provide an insight into the concept of the reduction of seismic forces for the force‐based seismic design of structures if the objective is defined by a target collapse risk. The introduced closed‐form solution for the risk‐targeted reduction factor can be used to investigate how the target collapse risk, the seismic hazard parameters, the randomness of the seismic action, and the conventional parameters (ie, the overstrength factor and the deformation and energy dissipation capacity) affect the seismic design forces in the case of force‐based design. However, collaborative research is needed in order to develop appropriate models of these parameters. In the second part of the paper, the proposed formulations are demonstrated by estimating the risk‐targeted seismic design action for a six‐storey reinforced concrete building. By verifying the collapse risk of the designed structure, it is demonstrated that the risk‐targeted seismic action, in conjunction with a conventional force‐based design, provided structure with acceptable performance when measured in terms of collapse risk.


A weak definition of generalized Bent function over finite fields is proposed.And the relation between perfect nonlinear functions and generalized Bent functions is studied.It is proved that a q-ary logic function f over GF(q)(q=p~m) is a perfect nonlinear function iff βf is a generalized Bent function for each non-zero element β in GF(q).The common ground and difference between several versions of generalized Bent function's definitions over finite fields is discussed.An example which is generalized Bent function but not perfect nonlinear function is also presented.By the proposed definition,it is shown that the study of generalized Bent function and perfect nonlinear function over finite fields and residue class rings are consistent.Relations between spectrum of f and that of its component functions are also presented.Furthermore it is proved that f is nonlinear perfect function over GF(q) iff its component function (f_1,f_2,…,f_m) is m-dimension vector generalized bent function.


In the era of 21 st century, education has been growing to more practical world to meet the demands of humans' needs. One of the skills in the 21 st century is the use of media and technology to support classroom activities at which those activities should resemble current trend in the world. In order to help students prepare the job required in the future when information is connected by technology, teachers should have known about how to bring real interaction to classroom situations. Besides, English will inevitably be the most widely spoken language throughout the world. This paper describes the use of social media in English classroom and proposes a practical way to make the best use of it. Social media can be used in three teaching stages (pre, whilst and post teaching to its best. Youtube and mind mapping can be used to teach warming up activities, LINE and Whatsapp can be used to foster practical life skills in whilst teaching and post teaching.


Pseudosperma flavorimosum is a new species described from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. It is delimited based on morphological characters combined with a molecular phylogeny inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence analyses. The
 ITS-based phylogeny supports the independence of the new species, which is also is morphologically distinct from closely related taxa.


The absorption coefficient and refractive index of the tourmaline in different directions have been firstly characterized by the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. Results show that the absorption and refractive index of terahertz are much related with the tourmaline structure. And the absorption along the optical axis direction is more sensitive than that of the vertical direction. Such a result indicates that the identification and characterization of crystals as well as minerals can be realized by the THz method.


Hydroxyapatite-Alumina composite powders, HAP-Al2O3, for biomedical applications were synthesized by neutralization method. Composites with different alumina content were prepared and calcined over the temperature range of 900-1300°C for 3 h. Effects of alumina content and calcination on the structural properties of powders were studied. The as-received powders and ceramics were characterized by various techniques (XRD, IR, SEM, TEM). Compressive strength of ceramics was determined using direct compressing. Results indicate that both crystallinity of the HAp-Al2O3 powders and the compressive strength increased with the temperature of calcination, but depending of the alumina content where the formation of β-TCP phase as secondary phase is detected after heat treatment. We notice that HAp-10Al2O3 offers the best mechanical strengths that can be improved by a high calcination temperature.


A decorative and high hardness chromium-carbon coating, electrodeposited with a trivalent chromium sulfate electrolyte, could improve the environment pollutions and toxicity of hexavalent chromium system. The trivalent chromium-carbon coatings can be deposited onto substrates directly without any buffer layer. The lifetime of various mechanical parts can be improved due to their high hardness and excellent corrosion resistance. The effect of different concentration of main salt on the composition, hardness, corrosion resistance, coefficient of friction and wear resistance of the coatings were investigated. The SEM observation of surface morphology showed that the appropriate concentration of main salt can diminish the defects caused by internal stress under excessive content, As increasing the concentration of main salt from 0.05M to 0.2M, the Icorr of the coatings would be raised from 1.04×10-6 A/cm2 to 1.26×10-5 A/cm2. XRD results showed that the structure of the coatings prepared by at 0.1 M main salt with a heat treatment at 400 °C for 1 h had Cr7C3 and Cr23C6 phases appeared as well as the hardness of that enhanced up to 1350 Hv than 880 Hv of the as-deposited coatings. Wear test results showed that the coatings prepared by at 0.1 M main salt via a heat treatment of 400 °C had the better wear resistance.


This essay begins with the presentation of an abbreviated historical framework for one of the most enduring, significant, and widely held Quaker beliefs, that of inward, immediate, and direct revelation. This belief is charted with particular reference to significant writings by seventeenth-century Quaker leaders George Fox and Robert Barclay. Many contemporary Quakers believe that direct revelation, also known as "the Inward Light of Christ," is a primary source of knowledge, that it originally inspired and presently empowers the scriptures, that it is superior to reason alone, and that it discovers validation in the gathered Quaker meeting when it achieves consensus. Some of the implications of this experiential epistemological position are then illustrated with reference to two anecdotes drawn from the author's attempts to discover divine guidance in scholarly writing projects.


The work of the nineteenth-century American meteorologist, James P. Espy, is discussed in relationship to the early development of understanding of the thermodynamics of clouds and the dynamics of convection. Espy was the first to recognize the important role of release of latent heat of condensation in sustaining cloud and storm circulations.


Extensive reading (ER) is an established instructional strategy in English classrooms. While previous studies explored the impact of ER on various learning outcomes, the mediating role of the book medium (paper vs. electronic formats) in the process remains understudied. The present study aimed to bridge this gap by examining the differences in Japanese university students' reading volume, increase in vocabulary size, and reading strategies in a semester-long ER program in a hybrid English course. Fifty-eight students from two English classes were classified into three groups based on their book medium preferences: those who read paper books only (PBO; n = 32), those who used electronic books (e-books) for more than half of their reading (EB>H; n = 6), and those who used e-books for less than half of their reading (EB<H; n = 20). The results indicated that book medium preferences did not significantly impact the reading volume and vocabulary size. However, PBO students were more likely to find a book interesting than those in the EB>H group, and students in the EB>H group were more likely to consult a dictionary if they encountered unknown words than those in the PBO group. The practical implications of these findings are discussed along with potential areas for further investigation. 多読(ER)は、英語の教室で確立された指導戦略である。従来の研究では、ERがさまざまな学習成果に及ぼす影響は調査されているが、その過程における書籍媒体(紙媒体か電子媒体)の介在的な役割については、依然として研究が不足している。本稿は、学生数58人を本の媒体の好みにより3グループに分けた1セメスターの多読指導において、紙の本のみで多読を行った学習者(PBO群:n = 32)と、電子図書を全読語数の50%以上利用した学習者(EB>H群:n = 6)、電子図書を全読語数の50%未満利用した学習者(EB<H群:n = 20)の間で、読語数や読冊数、受容語彙サイズの上昇値、英語の読み方に違いが生じたかを調査した事例研究である。本研究の結果、学習者の本の媒体の好みは、1セメスター間の読語数や読冊数、語彙サイズの上昇値に有意な差はもたらさなかった。しかし、PBO群の学習者は、EB>H群の学習者よりも面白い本と出会えたと回答した割合が有意に高く、また、EB>H群の学習者は、PBO群の学習者よりも未知語に出会った時に辞書で調べる傾向が有意に高いことが示された。これらの結果の実用的な意味と、さらなる研究の可能性を議論する。


The present invention relates to a method of calling a mobile communication terminal and the mobile communication terminal is a multi-mode mobile communication terminal, comprising a storage module, the storage module stores a location database and a tariff database criteria, by identifying the current mobile available communication networks the communication terminal, and call home database whether the communication network input or identification number belongs to its home situation, then in accordance with the recognition result, the current mobile communication terminal calculates an available communication network or communication card type respectively implementing the cost of business types used by the user, and based on differences in costs, or prompt the user to select automatically select the most economical communication network or communication card communicates. Since the calling mobile communication terminal and method of the present invention by providing a location database for the phone number belongs is determined city and a communication network, which can help a user easily to select a network or dial economical way to call.


Sound pronunciation disturbances are one of the frequent speech problems observed in pre-school age, that is why there are developed different methods in correction methodology and one of them is approach by using sound articulation models. They help for a child in pre-school age to acquire meaningfully the physiological basis of sound pronunciation and allow being an active participant in correction process.


The most momentous event affecting African lakes as the millennium approached was undoubtedly the major disruption of the Lake Victoria ecosystem, caused by mismanagement and deforestation of adjacent terrain, secondly by introducing the fish Oreochromis niloticus and Lates niloticus previously prevented from entering the system by the Murchison Falls and the Owen Falls Dam. Eutrophication assisted the proliferation of the exotic water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes. This memoir (submitted in 1996) ends with my separation from FAO in 1972. Though subsequent work has been far too voluminous even to attempt a summary, such has been the international interest, culminating in the "Lake Victoria 2000" conference in Jinja 16-19 May 2000, that a brief update of recent highlights is merited.


This research is a contribution to an integrated overview of the alpine low-order river ecosystem. We associated the results obtained from colonization and breakdown processes (functional aspects, i.e. colonization of natural and artificial leaf packs and of artificial inorganic substrates), with the morphohydrological features of the river bed, with density and biomass of benthic invertebrates and with banks quality. We studied the Ausor stream, North-East Italy, a natural alpine stream with a narrow steep gradient channel. The applied monitoring methods allowed us to point out the total biodiversity, the seasonal and regional heterogeneity of macrobenthos and of habitats and the efficiency of breakdown and colonization processes. The integrated overview, achieved from the comparison of results, showed that diversity and variability of habitats are connected with the natural morphological development of the river bed and of riparian areas. Furthermore, heterogeneity and variability of habitats are essential in supporting biodiversity and the functional processes occurring in a natural environment.


2007 ii ≪Timmy & Finn – Sonnenkinder, die auch im Regen lachen≫ Acknowledgments I am deeply grateful to my supervisor, Prof. Dr. Johannes Blömer, for his great support and continuous encouragement in writing this thesis. Among other topics, he introduced me into the field of tamper resistance and side channel attacks and supplied me with new interesting and challenging problems and ideas. Johannes allowed me great freedom to do my research and he always took time to discuss the ongoing progress. His comments and suggestions were always very helpful to improve my work. I am also truly indebted to my second supervisor, Prof. Dr. Joachim von zur Gathen, who sparked my interest in cryptography. The opportunity to join his working group allowed me to deepen my research in this fascinating area. Furthermore, I would like to thank Dr. Jean-Pierre Seifert, the coordinator of our joint project with the Intel Corporation. The cooperation with Intel not only implied financial support of my research but also provided valuable insights in recent cryptographic problems. This thesis would not have been possible without the generous support of the " Institut für Industriemathematik " of the University of Paderborn. Special thanks go to Tanja Bürger and Dr. Robert Preis who were very helpful in handling all the administrative obstacles.


© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2022. No commercial reuse. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ. DESCRIPTION A man in his 60s with hypertension presented to the emergency department with neurological symptoms of 5 hours' duration, including dysarthria, numbness and hemianopia. On presentation, his symptoms had already improved spontaneously, and a neurological examination found no deficits. Laboratory tests revealed elevated Ddimer at 7.4 μg/mL (reference range: < 1.1 μg/mL). Brain MRI revealed multiple, small infarctions in the right supramarginal gyrus (figure 1A), right superior parietal lobule (figure 1B), left middle frontal gyrus (figure 1C), left angular gyrus (figure 1D), left cuneus (figure 1D) and left cerebellar posterior lobe (figure 1E). CT of the trunk revealed a nodule in his right lung and lymphadenopathy in the right mediastinal and supraclavicular lymph nodes. Based on a biopsy of the mediastinal lymph node, stage IIIB lung adenocarcinoma was diagnosed. Additional investigation of the cause of the stroke, including transthoracic echocardiography, ECG monitoring and carotid duplex ultrasound, showed normal findings. Tests for protein C, protein S, antithrombin III and antiphospholipid antibody returned normal. Based on these findings, malignancyrelated ischaemic stroke (Trousseau's syndrome) was finally diagnosed. The patient received subcutaneous injections of unfractionated heparin and chemotherapy for his lung cancer. Trousseau's syndrome is a hypercoagulable state associated with advanced cancer and can present as an acute cerebral infarction, nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE) or migratory thrombophlebitis. Trousseau's syndrome is an important cause of multiple cerebral infarctions as well as atrial fibrillation while the associated malignancy is frequently overlooked as a cause of ischaemic stroke and remains undiagnosed until a second event occurs. Several types of cancer reportedly cause malignancyrelated ischaemic stroke, including lung, gastric, colorectal, gynaecological, hepatic, renal and prostate cancers and lymphoma. Of these, lung cancer is most frequently associated with malignancyrelated ischaemic stroke. 4 The precise pathophysiology of malignancyrelated ischaemic stroke is still unknown and may be multifactorial. The main mechanism is thought to stem from NTBE or intravascular coagulation caused by hypercoagulability in the presence of a malignancy. Furthermore, elevated levels of circulating cytokines in patients with malignancies, including tumour necrosis factor and interleukin1, may damage vascular endothelial cells and the heart valves, leading to the formation of NBTErelated vegetation. Although Trousseau's syndrome can be readily recognised if a patient with a previously diagnosed malignancy presents with an ischaemic stroke, its diagnosis can be challenging or delayed if thrombotic episodes occur as the initial manifestation of an undiagnosed malignancy. The threeterritory sign, defined as cerebral infarctions in three, cerebral, vascular territories of the bilateral anterior and posterior circulation, is a useful clue for diagnosing Trousseau's syndrome. The threeterritory sign is six times more frequently seen in Trousseau's syndrome than in atrial fibrillationrelated cerebral infarctions, which have a sensitivity and specificity of 23.4% and 96.4%, respectively. Figure 1 Diffusionweighted MRI of the brain showing multiple high intensity areas (arrows) in the right supramarginal gyrus (A), right superior parietal lobule (B), left middle frontal gyrus (C), left angular gyrus and left cuneus (D) and left cerebellar posterior lobe (E).


<jats:p>This paper is devoted to studying the p-th moment exponential stability for a class of stochastic differential equation (SDE) driven by G-Brownian motion under non-Lipschitz condition. The delays considered in this paper are time-varying delays <jats:inline-formula>
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                  </jats:inline-formula>. Since the coefficients are non-Lipschitz, the normal enlargement on the coefficients is not available and the Gronwall inequality is not suitable in this case. By Bihari inequality and Itô integral formula, it is pointed out that there exists a constant <jats:inline-formula>
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This paper analyzes the performance of Nepalese Electricity Supply Industry (ESI) by investigating the relative operational efficiencies of the generating stations as well as the Distribution Centers (DCs) of the Integrated Nepal Power System (INPS). Nepal Electricity Authority (NEA), a state owned utility, owns and operates the INPS. Performance evaluation of both generation and distribution systems is carried out by formulating suitable weight restriction type Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models. The models include a wide range of inputs and outputs representing essence of the respective processes. Decision maker's preferences as well as available quantitative information associated with the operation of the Decision Making Units (DMUs) are judiciously incorporated in the DEA models. The proposed models are realized through execution of computer programs written in General Algebraic Modeling Systems (GAMS) and the results obtained are thus compared against those from the conventional DEA models. Sensitivity analysis is performed in order to check the robustness of the results as well as to identify the improvement directions for DMUs. Ranking of the DMUs has been presented based on their average overall efficiency scores.


The long-term sustainability of dairy farms depends on their ability to be profitable while limiting their environmental footprint. The development and implementation of tools and policies that address nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) imbalances before they become extreme are essential to the long-term sustainability of dairy farming. At the 2011 Cornell Nutrition Conference, initial data were presented showing that whole-farm nutrient mass balance (NMB) assessments can be used to identify management alternatives that enhance nutrient use efficiency and farm profitability (Ketterings et al, 2011). A NMB approach allows farmers to set targets and then choose the range of practices and approaches to meet goals over time, recognizing that each farm is unique. Case study farms clearly illustrated the potential for large gains in nutrient use efficiency when monitoring of progress becomes part of the package of best management practices, and when producers have complete control of where to make changes in their individual operations. For these reasons, we strongly encouraged dairy producers to participate in an annual NMB assessment and we also urged nutritionists to get involved as imported feed is frequently the single largest contributor to nutrient imports and hence NMBs of dairy farms.


Thyroid hemiagenesis is a rare embryological condition characterized by absence of one of the lobes of the thyroid gland, with the left lobe being absent in 80% of cases and right lobe absent in 20% of cases (a left to right hemi-agenesis ratio of 4:1). We report a case of 25 year old female who presented with right neck mass gradually increasing in size over a period of 2 months. Patient had the history of weight loss and fatigability. The patient work up included an ultrasound neck followed by plain CT neck and contrast CT neck. Ultrasound neck showed absence of left lobe and part of isthmus of the thyroid gland with the right lobe showing features of thyroiditis. These findings were supported by plain and contrast CT neck findings.


The study was applied on PE teachers study group samples in 2020-2021. the study aimed at identifying the of Job stress on the group. The researcher used the descriptive approach being suitable to the nature and problem of the study. The researcher used job stress measures made by Mohammed Allawi (36 items) distributed on the six sections.
The researcher has come up with conclusions, most notably, the of job stress, in governmental schools, is high. He recommends that intermediate schools principals should not assign PE teachers outside their field of expertise or against their will.
The researcher.


Abstract Objective: To explore the influence of the education of lifestyle in the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with microalbuminuria as a part of the enhanced multifactorial intervention. Methods: This study will be conducted from May 2021 to August 2022 at Ningbo No.6 hospital. The experiment was granted through the Research Ethics Committee of Ningbo No.6 hospital (539D035). The patients will be included if they are between 18 and 65 years old and are diagnosed with T2DM with microalbuminuria and the patients who have signed the written informed consent. While the patients will be excluded if they have serious physical comorbidities and patients who are unwilling to offer the informed consent to take part in this experiment. We measure the clinical examination (fasting blood-glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and routine urine test) timely. Detail of daily dietary intake and lifestyle factors are also recorded. Results: Table 1 reflects the comparison of the biochemical and clinical variables and the lifestyle factors. Conclusion: Lifestyle education is effective in facilitating the control of T2DM and reducing microalbuminuria. Trial registration number: researchregistry6348.


Preface Introduction The experience of unemployment between the wars Movements of the unemployed in the 1920s Parisian movement of the unemployed, 1930-33 Early regional unemployed movements, 1931-33 The Lille to Paris hunger march After the hunger march of 1933: the rising militancy of the unemployed The coming of the Popular Front and the unemployed movements The Popular Front government and the unemployed Unemployment and the war years, 1940-45 Conclusion Appendices Bibliography Index.


The French prime minister, Jean-Pierre Raffarin, announced last week that a bonus of €800 (£560, $895) will be awarded mothers for each baby born after 1 January 2004. The bonus is part of a series of measures to encourage families to have more children. It is estimated that 90% of families will qualify for the childbirth bonus.

"In the coming years, the nation may labour," said Christian Jacob, minister delegate for the family. He added that one out of two couples wanted an additional child and "must be helped to realise that wish."

In 2002 in France the average number …


The invention provides a torque controller for a front-driving output shaft of a gearbox of an all-terrain vehicle, and relates to the field of the torque controller arranged between the output shaft of the gearbox of the all-terrain vehicle and a universal joint of a front-driving conveying transmission shaft. An internal circlip (4) is arranged in an internal circlip installing groove (9) formed in a controller body (2), a steel sheet (3), a friction sheet (5), another steel sheet (3) and a disc spring (6) are clamped between an inner ring of an end cover (8) and the internal circlip (4) arranged in the controller body (2), the inner ring of the end cover (8) and the internal circlip (4) are installed together through an end cover screw bolt (14), and an upper regulating gasket (7) and a lower regulating gasket (7) are clamped between the controller body (2) and an outer ring of the end cover (8). The torque controller for the front-driving output shaft of the gearbox of the all-terrain vehicle has the advantages that the deformation quantity of the disc spring can be changed through changing the thickness of the regulating gaskets (7), so the torque controller can adapt to the torque output by the gearbox, the goal of realizing the normal work of a front wheel can be achieved, the structure of the torque controller for the front-driving output shaft of the gearbox of the all-terrain vehicle is simple, and the operation is reliable.


Abstract This article offers a comment on the ways multilingual language users perceive their L2 and L3 learning experiences at the level of appraisals, that is, variables that 'assign value to current stimuli based on past experience'. In the theoretical part of the article the concept of appraisals is introduced and briefly outlined from the different perspectives of different existing taxonomies. Also a tool for measuring appraisal systems, the Geneva Appraisal Questionnaire (GAQ), is discussed in respect of its content and structure. This paper aims to compare experiences and factors involved in the development of L2 vs. L3 in two groups of multilinguals, as seen in their meaningful learning-related episodes (Group 1) and open-ended retrospective comments (Group 2). The comments are made in relation to appraisal values such as novelty, intrinsic pleasantness, coping potential and compatibility with norms and their significance in L2 vs. L3 learning processes, as expressed by the subjects in their responses to the GAQ categories (stimulus evaluation checks) and reflections.


Modic changes (MC) are painful vertebral bone marrow lesions and are often found in patients with chronic low back pain. The adjacent intervertebral disc (IVD) seems to play an important role: the rapidly degrading disc stands in an inflammatory cross-talk with the MC bone marrow and MC develop almost always simultaneously cranial and caudal to a degenerated IVDs. Few studies have investigated expression of inflammatory cytokines and proteases expressed by IVD cells adjacent to MC, however, how this affects the ECM degeneration has not been determined.The aim of this study was to identify MC-specific mechanisms in degenerated discs. We hypothesize that the 'Modic discs' have a distinct disc matrix degradome.Degenerated lumbar IVDs from MC1 (n=26), MC2 (n=20) and non-MC (n=19) levels from gender and age matched patients undergoing spinal fusion surgery were collected. Degradome was measured with N-terminal amine isotopic labeling of substrates (TAILS) liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). TAILS allows to identify degraded proteins by detecting de novo N-terminal peptides. Sequence motifs were calculated using TwoSample Logo web application to identify significantly enriched amino acids around the cleavage site of the top 50 upregulated peptides. Since proteases have preferences for amino acid sequences, different sequence motifs can indicate activity of different proteases. Proteases were matched to cleavage sites of the top 50 enriched MC1 and MC2 peptides using TopFINDer database.Mean degree of disc degeneration as measured by Pfirrmann grade was not significantly different between all groups (MC1: 3.8 ± 0.9, MC2: 4.2 ± 0.6, non-MC: 3.6 ± 0.8). A total of 487 (MC1), 419 (MC2), and 404 (non-MC) different protein fragments were detected of which 21.0%, 12.2% and 9.4% were unique to MC1, MC2, and non-MC, respectively (Figure 1a). Comparing MC1 to non-MC discs, the degradome was more complex with a variety of ECM fragments enriched (e.g. type II collagen, fibrinogen), while fragments of type I collagen, clusterin, and fibronectin were depleted (Figure 1b). In MC2 discs, mainly fibronectin and clusterin were enriched, while type I collagen was depleted (Figure 1b). Sequence motifs show unique cleavage preferences for each group (Figure 1c) indicating activity of different proteases in MC1 and MC2 discs. TopFinder identified neutrophil elastase as an important protease in all groups targeting cleavage of different proteins. In MC1 and MC2 IVDs kallikrein 3 as well as MMP9 and MMP2 are associated with found cleavage products. Finally, in MC1 TopFINDer uniquely identifies multiple fragments created by MMP2, MMP7, MMP12, MMP13 or cathepsin B.MC1, MC2 and non-MC discs have different ECM degradomes that may be caused by the activity of different proteases. Differences in disc degeneration mechanisms and in the type and amount of bioactive ECM fragments explain why not all degenerating discs lead to adjacent MCs.NIL.NIL.Tamara Mengis: None declared, Irina Heggli: None declared, Nick Herger: None declared, Borbala Aradi-Vegh: None declared, Bernd Roschitzki: None declared, Jonas Grossmann: None declared, Florian Brunner: None declared, Roy Marcus: None declared, Mazda Farshad: None declared, Oliver Distler Speakers bureau: Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen, Medscape, Consultant of: 4P-Pharma, Abbvie, Acceleron, Alcimed, Altavant Siences, Amgen, AnaMar, Arxx, AstraZeneca, Baecon, Blade, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Corbus, CSL Behring, Galapagos, Glenmark, Horizon, Inventiva, Kymera, Lupin, Miltenyi Biotec, Mitsubishi Tanabe, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Prometheus, Redxpharna, Roivant, Sanofi and Topadur, Grant/research support from: BI, Kymera, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Stefan Dudli: None declared.


Modern surface anthropometry arose historically from late nineteenth-century anthropology. This anthropology was devoted primarily to skeletal classification and description, and was used largely to characterize racial differences and to describe putative evolutionary pathways. It was bone-based, static, taxonomic – a 'fossil anthropometry'. Our current anthropometric practices – the logic of landmarking, for example – descend in a direct line from this mindset. Many of the measurement protocols of the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK), for example, are designed to determine bone lengths. The trochanterion landmark is an example: it is virtually impossible to locate the most superior point on the greater trochanter on a living human being, because of the powerful muscle attachments. Yet we persist because this landmark gives our best estimate of femur length. In fact, there is only one measurement in the ISAK protocol that could not be taken on a corpse: arm girth (flexed and tensed). Today we are trying, with a nineteenth-century logic and mindset, to meet the various demands of soft tissue-based, functional and dynamic disciplines. We need to locate axes of rotation for biomechanics, critical soft-tissue dimensions for human factors research, functional anthropometric capabilities for sports performance, fat and muscle mass distributions for health research, fleshy girths and body contour lengths for the apparel industry. In the past, our limitations have been partly technological. Restricted to the linearity of the caliper and the tape, we have been tied to two-dimensional constructions of the body. Lacking methods of threedimensional capture and analysis, we have largely neglected shape elements and tissue topography, beyond gross categorizations such as somatotype or the android/gynoid dichotomy. We have ignored the inside of the body almost entirely, except for bone dimensions. We have lacked techniques for imaging, describing and modelling dynamic anthropometry – the tensing, shifting and rippling of compliant and resilient tissue in dynamic movements, so important, for example, in clothing and furniture design. On a more extended time-scale, we have lacked the morphometric tools to describe body plasticity associated with maturation, ageing and evolution. Above all, we have lacked the communications systems to ensure standardization and to build accessible data repositories. We now have those tools – three-dimensional (3D) whole-body surface scanners, ultrasound, computerized axial tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans, 3D motion capture systems, sophisticated software for morphometric analysis and, above all, the internet. Although we have them, we are not using them. All too often, an anthropometry conference presentation means yet another report of the sitting height of basketballers, and a journal article a mundane account of the evolution of somatotype in rugby footballers, or body mass index in pre-pubertal Australian children. Descriptive anthropometry is being consigned to ever more marginal journals. Figure 1 shows the rise and fall of anthropometry in two major sports science journals. The top panel shows the relative rate of publication of articles with relevant anthropometric keywords ('body density', 'body size', etc.) in the Journal of Applied Physiology between 1948 and 1997, and the lower panel the relative rate of publication of articles with the keyword 'anthropometry' (or its derivatives) in Medicine and Science in Sports (and Exercise) between 1969 and 1999. Both panels show a decline in interest in anthropometry after the


The surface planarity and asperity removal behaviors of atomic scale under the ultrathin water environment was studied for the nanoscale process by molecular dynamics simulation. The monolayer atomic removal was achieved under the noncontact and monoatomic layer contact conditions with different water film thickness, and the newly formed surface is relatively smooth and no deformed layer and plastic defects exist. The nanoscale processing is governed by the interatomic adhering action during which the water film transmits the loading forces to Cu surface and thereby result in the migration and removal of surface atoms. With scratching depth ≥ 0.5 nm, the abrasive particle squeezed out the water film from scratching region and scratched Cu surface directly, leading to the surface quality deterioration mainly governed by the plowing action. This study brings the goals of "0 nm planarity, 0 residual defects and 0 polishing pressure" closer to us in the nanoscale process for the development of ultra-precision manufacture technology.


The star formation rate linearly correlates with the dense gas mass involved in the formation of stars both for distant galaxies and star-forming clouds in our Galaxy. Similarly, recent studies confirm that the mass accretion rate and the circumstellar gas disk mass of young, Class II stars are also linearly correlated. This poster shows that both relations can be unified. We find a statistically significant, roughly linear correlation between the rate of gas transformed into stars and the mass of gas directly involved on star formation, ranging 16 orders of magnitude and encompassing kpc-size galaxies, pc-size star forming clouds within our Galaxy, and young stars with au-size protoplanetary disks. In order to explain this finding we propose a bottom-up hypothesis suggesting that a relation between the stellar mass accretion rate and the total (disk+envelope in Class 0/I stars) circumstellar mass drives the correlation in clouds (hosting protostars) and galaxies (hosting clouds). Lines of evidence supporting this hypothesis and a future observational test are provided. If this scenario was confirmed, theories aiming to explain the correlations for stars, clouds, and galaxies should not remain isolated from each other. Instead, all scales and physical systems involved in one single, global correlation must be considered. Additional details can be found in Mendigut́ıa, Lada, & Oudmaijer, 2018, A&A, 618, A119. (See poster).


Antonio Jose Saraiva (1917–1993) was a productive Portuguese intellectual, and some of his most relevant work includes the criticism on important Portuguese writers, such as Eca de Queiros. For a long period, his book As ideias de Eca de Queiros (1946), in which he depicted the revolutionary side of Eca, was highly considered in the literary circles. In this article, we intend to analyze Saraiva´s ideas, especially the ones concentrated on Eca de Queiros ´s early work. Our intention is to demonstrate that Saraiva dedicated his attention to those books or pieces in which Eca´s criticism on society was most vivid and harsh, while the ones which did not provide such a strong view on Portugal social situation were disregarded. It is our belief that Saraiva´s option led to the general acceptance about Eca de Queiros's work having two sides: one in which he was a "relovutionary" author, and another in which he consented with the country´s situation.


This paper analyzes the reasons of the graduates'disadvantages of obtaining jobs,brings forward the countermeasures,emphasizing the cultivation of the students'ability and quality so that the graduates can have more employment chance.


SUMMARY Denote a b = max(a,b), and a b = a+b for a,b 2 R and extend this pair of operations to matrices and vectors in the same way as in conventional linear algebra, that is if A = (aij),B = (bij),C = (cij) are real matrices or vectors of compatible sizes then C = A B if cij = S k aik bkj for all i, j. For arbitrary parameters a, b and given square matrices A = (aij), we study the Biparametric Eigenproblem, i.e. problem of finding all xa,b = (x1(a,b),x2(a,b),...,xn(a,b)) and la,b, satisfying A(a,b) xa,b = la,b xa,b where A(a,b) = (aij(a,b)), aij(a,b) = aij +a for j = 1, aij(a,b) = aij +b for j = 2 and aij(a,b) = aij otherwise. We introduce some properties of general Biparametric Eigenproblem and an O(n 5 ) algorithm which gives solutions of it.


In order to analysis genetic characteristics of yield,a population with 397 F2∶3families from an elite hybrid Yedan 13 was studied.The results showed that among ten Quantitative traits,ear diameter,kernel per row,cob diameter,row number,ear length had higher Hb2.In F1 generation and F2∶3 generation,kernel per row,kernel weight per ear,ear,length had higher heterosis.Weight of 100-kernel,rate of kernel production had weaker heterosis.Kernel per row,ear diameter,kernel per row,ear length are all significantly correlated with Single-plant yield.Ear length,kernel weight per ear and Weight of 100-kernel are significantly correlated with each other.Ear length and ear diameter are significantly and negatively correlated with each other.principle component analysis indicated that influencing Single-plant yield orderly are ear diameter,row number,ear length,kernel per row,rate of kernel production.As far as Yedan 13,a key factor to obtain higher yield is the increase of ear diameter and row number.


Two new species,Vernonia cocleana andV. chiriquiensis, are described from Panama. These endemic species are distinct from those in Central America and most closely resemble taxa in the West Indies and Argentina, respectively. These taxa are described and illustrated; a key is provided to the Panamanian species ofVernonia.


One of the main socio-economic problems of the current stage of development of Russian society is the problem of unemployment. The solution to this problem and bringing the percentage of unemployment to an acceptable level should be carried out with the help of competent regulation of the economy and improvement of the national economy of the entire country as a whole.


Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) initiatives in schools have become widespread across Europe and beyond in the last decade or so. Drivers for this include the role of English as the language of international economic activity, media and culture, belief in the value of early start and meaning-focussed instruction in foreign language learning, and a policy position which promotes a multilingual Europe. In many contexts, CLIL initiatives are local: teachers and educational leaders with assistance from teacher educators and experts in universities establish programmes, which are then shaped by available resources, human and material. While the commitment, enthusiasm and energy for CLIL at classroom and school levels are essential requirements for educational innovation, they may not, in the longer term be enough for sustainability and ongoing development. This paper examines the implementation of CLIL as an innovation and identifies some issues where wider policy support and coordination may be useful. It draws on the findings of an evaluation study of a CLIL project implemented in four countries, and identifies issues and ways forward for an effective strategy for CLIL in terms of foreign language learning, subject learning, and positive learning experiences for every child.


The coercivity mechanism of multilayer (Co/Pt) and (Co/Pd) is discussed based on the phenomenological micromagnetic theory and the magnetic relaxation treatment. Based on the micromagnetic theory, the pinning size of the order of a few /spl Aring/ is found for both (Co/Pt) and (Co/Pd), but about 100 /spl Aring/ for an amorphous TbFeCo film. On the other hand, the magnetic relaxation approach estimates the Barkhausen volume of the order of 10/sup -18/cm/sup 3/ for these multilayers.


With the rapid development of our insurance market and continuous improvement of the public law consciousness,the court cases of insurance contract have been increasing day by day.The parties must consume a great deal of time,energy and money,which can be calculated costs,the difference is that one party expends more,the other party expends less.Whatever the consequences,all of the parties are losers,being double losing.The reason is that the parties do not balance the front-end transaction cost and the back-end enforcing cost properly,the former being too low,the latter being too high.The article analyses why the front-end transaction cost is too low,putting forward corresponding proposals.


In this paper,concepts for the force field condition and shape change of molecules were put forward by deducing relationship between gas phase pressure and molecular force,and therefore a new explanation for the ideal solution was carried out macrocosmically.


Named Entity Extraction is a very new in Arabic Natural Language processing although it has reached maturity for some other languages such as English and French. In this paper, we describe the development and implementation of
a person name named entity recognition system for the Arabic Language. We adopt a rule based approach make used of the output produced by the Buckwalter Arabic Morphological Analyser (BAMA), and we used a set of keywords to guide us to the phrases that probably include person names. We have also compared our system with
(PERA) Person Name Entity Recognition for Arabic [9] which is based on a lexicon, in the form of gazetteer name lists, and a grammar, in the form of regular expressions. Our system achieves an F-measure of 89% which is an
improvement on the results reported by (PERA).


This research aims to analysis the significant influence between marketing mix strategy on the purchase of Low Voltage Operating Eligibility Certificate (SLO-TR). Marketing mix strategy indicator as independent variable are product (X1), price (X2), location (X3), promotion (X4), people (X5), process (X6) and physical evidence (X7). The purchase decision indicator of Low Voltage Operating Eligibility Certificate (SLO-TR) as the dependent variable is the purchasing decision (Y). Quantitative research methods are described in multiple linear regression analysis models. The population is obtained from customers who make purchasing decision for Low Voltage Operating Eligibility Certificates (SLO-TR) at PT. Serkolinas. Type of research with primary data collected by dissemination of questionnaire. Using the Slovin formula, the number of respondents who became a sample of 100 people for further analysis. Stratified proportionate sampling technique by random sampling. Research results: (1) The estimation model shows an R2 value of 0,534 which represents the value of the coefficient of determination. This means that 53,40% of the dependent variable variation is able to be explained by the independent variable in this model. The remaining 46,60% is explained by other causes that are not included in the model; 2) The regression model on the independent variable simultaneously influence the dependent variable; and (3) This research produces results that product (X1), price (X2), process (X6) and physical evidence (X7) are influential and significant in analysis the influence of marketing mix strategy on purchasing decision (Y). But, place (X3), promotion (X4) and people (X5) had no influential and were not significant in analysis the influence of marketing mix strategy on purchasing decision (Y).


Abstract 3757 Replicating viruses that selectively lyse transformed cells are attractive agents for cancer therapy. The vaccine strain of measles virus has proven oncolytic activity in various murine models of malignancy including myeloma and lymphoma. These pre-clinical reports of MV efficacy have led to advanced phase clinical trial. In the study here we investigate the anti-tumour potential of MV in 2 novel disease targets:- adult B lineage acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) using in-vitro and in-vivo models. MV derived from the Edmonston strain genetically engineered to express GFP was used to infect primary ALL (n = 6) and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL, n = 7) cells. All CLL and ALL cells expressed the MV receptor CD46 and were efficiently infected by MV-GFP as indicated by quantitation of viral nucleocapsid mRNA by RQ-PCR and immunoblotting of viral proteins N and H. Large multinucleated syncytia, characteristic of MV- induced cytopathology, were found in all infected ALL cultures, by contrast syncitium formation was much less prominent in the infected CLL specimens. Despite this, both CLL and ALL cells were efficiently killed by MV-GFP, as characterised by viability assays and immunoblotting for PARP cleavage. To further probe the contribution of cell to cell fusion in MV induced oncolysis we used a relatively non-fusogenic strain of MV:- MV-Moraten to infect CLL and ALL specimens. As expected ALL and CLL cells infected with MV-Moraten lacked the typical features of MV induced cytopathology. Despite this cell viability was markedly reduced in both ALL and CLL cultures infected with MV-Moraten compared to uninfected controls suggesting that intracellular fusion might be dispensable for MV-induced oncolysis in our two models. To test whether MV had therapeutic efficacy in-vivo we established subcutaneous xenografts of pre-B ALL in CB17/SCID mice using the Nalm-6 cell line and administered 1 × 107 pfu of MV (n==12) or UV inactivated MV (n=12) intratumorally on 10 occasions. In vivo MV administration had striking antitumour activity resulting in complete resolution of 11/12 or regression (1/12) of established subcutaneous pre-B ALL tumours by week 4. In contrast, all UV-MV treated tumours progressed. The differences in tumour growth between the MV treated and UV-MV control groups was significantly different (p 6 Nalm-6 cells. 1 × 106 pfu of MV or UV-MV was administered by the intravenous route six times. Eleven of twelve mice receiving replication competent MV remain disease free whereas 6/7 mice receiving tail vein administered UV MV had become moribund by 67 days (Figure 2). Bone marrow examination of moribund mice revealed 52 – 99% of CD19+/CD10+ Nalm-6 cells present. Overall, our data suggest that both ALL and CLL are targets for MV-mediated lysis in vitro . The significant antineoplastic activity of MV against both subcutaneous and disseminated ALL xenografts holds great promise towards developing vaccine MV as a therapeutic tool in adult ALL. Regression of Nalm-6 subcutaneous xenografts in SCID mice after intratumoral injection of MV. Prolonged survival of disseminated Nalm-6 SCID xenografts after intravenous injection of MV. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of two low-fat hypocaloric diets differing in the carbohydrate-to-protein ratio, with and without resistance exercise training (RT), on weight loss, body composition, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk outcomes in overweight/obese patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 83 men and women with type 2 diabetes (aged 56.1 ± 7.5 years, BMI 35.4 ± 4.6 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to an isocaloric, energy-restricted diet (female subjects 6 MJ/day, male subjects 7 MJ/day) of either standard carbohydrate (CON; carbohydrate:protein:fat 53:19:26) or high protein (HP; 43:33:22), with or without supervised RT (3 days/week) for 16 weeks. Body weight and composition, waist circumference (WC), and cardiometabolic risk markers were assessed. RESULTS Fifty-nine participants completed the study. There was a significant group effect (P ≤ 0.04) for body weight, fat mass, and WC with the greatest reductions occuring in HP+RT (weight [CON: −8.6 ± 4.6 kg, HP: −9.0 ± 4.8 kg, CON+RT: −10.5 ± 5.1 kg, HP+RT: −13.8 ± 6.0 kg], fat mass [CON: −6.4 ± 3.4 kg, HP: −6.7 ± 4.0 kg, CON+RT: −7.9 ± 3.7 kg, HP+RT: −11.1 ± 3.7 kg], and WC [CON: −8.2 ± 4.6 cm, HP: −8.9 ± 3.9 cm, CON+RT: −11.3 ± 4.6 cm, HP+RT: −13.7 ± 4.6 cm]). There was an overall reduction (P < 0.001) in fat-free mass (−2.0 ± 2.3 kg), blood pressure (−15/8 ± 10/6 mmHg), glucose (−2.1 ± 2.2 mmol/l), insulin (−4.7 ± 5.4 mU/l), A1C (−1.25 ± 0.94%), triglycerides (−0.47 ± 0.81 mmol/l), total cholesterol (−0.67 ± 0.69 mmol/l), and LDL cholesterol (−0.37 ± 0.53 mmol/l), with no difference between groups (P ≥ 0.17). CONCLUSIONS An energy-restricted HP diet combined with RT achieved greater weight loss and more favorable changes in body composition. All treatments had similar improvements in glycemic control and CVD risk markers.


The proximal third of the proximal convoluted tubule was determined by its the middle third by its location in the outer two thirds the and the terminal third by its location in the inner third of the The thin limb of Henle's was its histologic the thick by its location in the outer third of determined from their location in the outer two thirds of the cortex and differentiated from proximal tubules on the basis of microscopic features.