The subject matter of this book covers the border area of a number of disciplines such as water and environmental sciences, landscape architecture and sanitary engineering. It is devoted to planning, design and operation of constructed wetlands, which are a kind of hydrobotanic sewage treatment plants, being—as stated by the authors—an alternative to facilities made of concrete and steel. Constructed wetlands follow the principle of sustainable development. Waste water treatment proceeds with utilization of natural biological processes with minimum use of energy and mechanical equipment. They can function for a long time without being serviced, so the maintenance costs are low. Moreover, constructed wetlands serve a number of other functions, being particularly beneficial to wildlife conservation and enhancing biodiversity. It is possible to fit constructed wetlands into the environment in such a way that they are integrated with wildlife habitats, reserves, buffer and protection zones. Constructed wetlands can be used not only for domestic but also industrial wastewater treatment, stormwater renovation and removal of a range of specific pollutants such as heavy metals, PCB, TNT, pesticides etc. The reader is introduced to the philosophy of sustainable development, with a focus on landscape ecology and functioning of natural and artificial biotopes serving treatment of sewage and stormwater. The biological foundations of the processes are discussed, enabling functioning of wetlands in conditions of heavy load of organic matter, nutrients and different toxic compounds. The role of dominating plant species, involved in such processes, is reviewed. Much attention is paid to the comparison of traditional methods of sewage treatment with the natural systems, and the limitations (e.g. low temperature effects) are clearly stated. Design of constructed wetlands is discussed, including consideration of local conditions (e.g. wastewater flow and its characteristics, discharge permit requirements, existing sewer systems, local topography, soil, climate, groundwater conditions). On top of the theoretical presentation, these issues are illustrated by concrete examples, with discussion of local specifics, problems and cost issues. Useful algorithms are offered for the determination of the needed area of constructed wetlands, allowing the required reduction of the BOD value, suspended solids and nitrate and ammonia nitrogen to be achieved. Guidelines for designing systems for renovation of stormwater and industrial, mining and agricultural wastewater are also given. It is shown that constructed wetlands serve multiple purposes: stormwater treatment, enhancement of the landscape value, decorative and recreation roles in urban areas and environmental awareness raising. Water in architectural landscape may link beauty and aesthetics with the function of treatment of household effluents. Guidelines are given for the design of small water bodies in architectural landscape, including explanation of processes, choice of appropriate vegetation and fish and necessary equipment. The book addresses a broad audience: water and environmental engineers, planners, landscape architects, developers and public officials responsible for planning and environment protection. Written in a clear way, it is accessible to a wider audience than engineers and scientists, and can be a useful complement in studying. Indeed, anyone interested in sewage treatment, water protection, landscape planning and ecology may find this book useful. Specialists may benefit from a new, broader perspective on their professional problems.


The objective of this study was to evaluate the interest of a parietal prosthesis (Cyclomesh ™) soaked with ropivacaine in the management of early postoperative pain.

 This is a randomized, phase III, comparative superiority, double-blind, international multicentre study. 290 patients (October 2019 February 2022) underwent surgery for inguinal hernia, by Liechtenstein technique, under general anaesthesia, and with placement of a ropivacaine or saline soaked parietal prosthesis. The primary endpoint was the coughing pain assessment (EVA) at H6. The secondary endpoints were the overall pain assessment at H2, H4 and H6 and the evaluation of the painkillers consumption.

 The prosthesis type had no significant effect on the coughing pain at H6, either for the ITT population (3.3 vs 3.2, p=0.12) or for the PP population (3.3 vs 3.7, p=0.15). The ropivaciane soaked prosthesis resulted in a decrease in the overall pain at H2 (2.3 vs 3.2, p<0.0001), H4 (2.3 vs 3.1, p<0.0001) and H6 (2.3 vs 2.7, p=0.0039). Regarding the painkillers consumption, the postoperative complications and the number of ambulatory conversions, there was no difference between the two groups.

 The placement of a parietal prosthesis (Cyclomesh ™) soaked with ropivacaine did not reduce the coughing pain at H6 but allowed a decrease in the overall pain over the first 6 hours after the surgery and could simplify the management of patients.


A number of N-substituted-3-hydroxy-3-phenylphthal-imidines and some of the isomeric amides have been prepared in order to study changes in the infrared spectra of these compounds due to structural changes in the molecule, particularly with reference to a hydroxyl band at 3.0µ and a carbonyl band at 5.75µ.


Cereal aphids were collected from cereal crops, from Poa annua within cereal fields, from Lolium perenne pastures and from wild grasses in hedge bottoms and around farm buildings. The frequency of barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) transmission was assessed by aphid transmission tests. There were differences in transmission rates between aphid species, between host species and between years. The transmission rates of Rhopalosiphum padi from the different host species were broadly similar whereas for Sitobion avenae, P. annua within cereal fields was significantly better than the other host species. Wild grasses other than P. annua were relatively poor sources of virus. A large percentage of aphids frequently transmitted more than one strain, suggesting that host plants are often infected with more than one BYDV strain.


Morphology, biology and taxonomy of the nematode family Ceramonematidae Cobb, 1933 are summarised and reviewed. Plesiomorph-apomorph polarities of cuticle sculpture, cephalic sensilla pattern, amphid shape are revealed with use of the out-group comparison and ontogenetic observations. The genera Ceramonema and Pselionema are distinguished by the most apomorph character states; both genera combined comprise the greatest number of species, of the widest overall ecological range. The other ceramonematid genera display more plesiomorph character states and contain much less speces; these are strictly confined to coars sand. Ceramonematidae are related to the families Diplopeltoididae sensu Tchesunov (1990) and Tarvaiidae. The family Ceramonematidae consists of two subfamilies: Ceramonematidae with the genera Ceramonema (= Ceramonemoides, = Cyttaronema), Dasynemella (=Leptodasynemella), Dasynemoides (=Dasynemelloides), Metadasynemella (=Dictyonemella), and Metadasynemoides, and Pselionematinae with the genera Pterygonema and Pselionema (= Pselionemoides). Modified diagnoses of the family, subfamilies and genera are given. Separation of higher ceramonematid taxa is based largely on features of body cuticle annulation as well as on anterior sensilla pattern, while cephalic ratio and finer details of body annulation are important for species discriminaton. Annotated lists of species are given for each genus. The genus Ceramonema is subdivided into two subgenera, Ceramonema s. str. (body cuticular annules with zygapophyses) and Proceramonema subg. n. (body annules devoid of zygapophyses). New species from the With Sea (Ceramonema fluctuosum sp. n., C. marisalbi sp. n., C. mokievskii sp. n., Dasynemoides crassus sp. n., Metadasynemoides labiatus sp. n., Pselionema concinnum sp. n., P. mirabile sp. n.) are described. Dasynemella riemanni Haspeslagh is recorded for the first time the With Sea. The description of Pselionema simplex De Coninck from the White Sea is supplemented with notes on juveniles.


ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company, 1545 Route 22 East Annandale, New Jersey 08801, USA, Hauptman– Woodward Institute, 700 Ellicott Street Buffalo, New York 14203, USA, Achnafad Farm, Tayinloan, Tarbert, Argyll PA29 6XG, Scotland, UK, Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA, and Director, NanoMEGAS SPRL, Blvd Edmond Machtens 79, B-1080 Brussels, Belgium. *Correspondence e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


Introduction Human gut microbiota plays an important role in metabolic health. Atypical antipsychotics can lead to metabolic abnormalities and changes in the gut microbiota. Multiple studies have examined the role of probiotics in suppressing antipsychotics-induced weight gain, but they have never been examined in a meta-analysis. Objectives This network meta-analysis aims to compare the effect of probiotics + fibers, probiotics only, and fibers only on metabolic abnormalities induced by atypical antipsychotics. Methods We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL) for all relevant studies. We used mean difference with its 95% confidence interval as our effect size. Primary outcomes were body weight and body mass index (BMI), while secondary outcomes were changes in other cardiometabolic risk factors. Results We included 4 randomized controlled trials comprising 319 patients. For body weight, probiotics + fibers (MD -3.96, 95% CI [-5.16, -2.76]), fibers only (MD -1.91, 95% CI [-3.81, -0.01]), and probiotics only (MD -1.37, 95% CI [-2.07, 0.66]) were significantly superior to placebo. Probiotics + fibers (MD -1.52, 95% CI [-2.11, -0.92]), but not fibers only or probiotics only, was associated with significant changes in BMI. Probiotics + fibers was also associated with significant changes in cholesterol (MD -0.37, 95% CI [-0.67, -0.07]), insulin levels (MD -3.37, 95% CI [-5.35, -2.10]), and insulin resistance index (MD -1.35, 95% CI [-1.94, -0.76]). There were no significant adverse events reported in the included studies. Conclusions Probiotics + fibers, probiotics only, and fibers can be effective in controlling antipsychotics-induced metabolic abnormalities, with probiotics + fibers being the most effective regimen. All three treatments were safe and well tolerated by patients. Disclosure of Interest None Declared


Recent advances in the cool storage technology with gas hydrate as cool storage media is presented in this paper.In view of the energy conservation and environmental protection,the necessity of gas hydrate as the new-type cool storage media applied in thermal storage air-conditioning is analyzed.The application feasibility is elaborated from aspects such as phase equilibrium,crystal kinetics,numerical simulation and cool storage apparatus.Some advice about research work needed to do is put forward in order to apply this technology to the engineering practice.


Background Adjunctive uterotonic in patients at risk of primary post-partum haemorrhage may reduce its incidence. Objective To compare the effectiveness and safety of adjunctive rectal misoprostol with adjunctive intravenous oxytocin for the prevention of primary post-partum haemorrhage in at risk patients. Materials and methods A total of 122 patients with risk factors for uterine atony were allocated to receive either 600µg of rectal misoprostol (n= 61) or 20IU of oxytocin infusion (n=61) after routine management of third stage of labour. Post-partum blood loss was measured using differential delivery towel and pad weighing. Results There was similarity in the estimated post-partum blood loss, with no significant difference in the mean post-partum hematocrit levels between the adjunctive rectal misoprostol group and oxytocin infusion group (P=0.712). There was no difference in the need for additional intervention of uterotonics between the two groups. There were however, higher incidences of shivering and pyrexia among those that received misoprostol compared with the oxytocin group. Conclusion Rectal misoprostol is as effective and safe as oxytocin when used as an adjunctive uterotonic in preventing primary post-partum haemorrhage in patients with risk factors for uterine atony after active management of third stage of labour.


Objective:To determine the minimum alveolar concentration(MAC)of desflurane in the presence of different concentrations of remifentanil by using bispectral index of the electroencephalogram(BIS)value of 50 as the criterion(MACBIS50).Methods:Eighty patients were randomly assigned to receive different target plasma concentrations of remifentanil(0,2,4,6,and 8 ng/ml).The patients were pretreated by intramuscular injection of 0.01 mg/kg of atropine.General anesthesia was induced with 2 mg/kg of propofol,0.1 to 0.2 mg/kg of vecuronium,and 0.02 mg/kg of Midazolam.Anesthesia was maintained with desflurane.The end-tidal concentration(ET%)of desflurane and BIS were continuously monitored.When the steady state end-tidal concentratin of desflurane was maintained for 10 minutes,the BIS value was recorded while incising.MACBIS50 was measured by using up-and-down method.Results:MACBIS50 in patients receiving 0,2,4,6,and 8 ng/ml of remifentanil was 7.18%,6.13%,4.18%,2.86%,and 2.19%,respectively.Compare with patients receiving 0 ng/ml of remifentanil,MACBIS50 in other patients significantly decreased(P0.05).There was linear correlation between BIS value and ET% in each group.Conclusion:Remifentanil plus desflurane could significantly decrease the MAC of desflurane in a dose-dependent manner.A ceiling effect is found when the concentration of remifentanil is greater than 8 ng/ml.


Submitted for the DFD10 Meeting of The American Physical Society Modeling and simulation of primary atomization with phase transition PENG ZENG, BERND BINNINGER, NORBERT PETERS, HEINZ PITSCH, RWTH Aachen University, MARCUS HERRMANN, Arizona State University — This paper is intended to demonstrate the capability of a numerical approach to investigate the primary atomization process. The evaporation on the interface of two–phase flow is computationally studied within the context of a hydrodynamic theory. A level-set method is used to track down the phase interface, which is treated as a free boundary surface. The flow field is described by the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, with different densities and viscosities for the liquid and gaseous phases, supplemented by singular source terms that properly account for thermal expansion effects. The numerical scheme has been tested on several benchmark problems and was shown to be stable and accurate. Peng Zeng RWTH Aachen University Date submitted: 06 Aug 2010 Electronic form version 1.4


∣ ∂Ω = g on ∂Ω. The situation when g ∈ Lp(∂Ω), f = 0 and nontangential maximal function estimates are sought for the solution has received a lot of attention. For example, [9], [19], [24], [50], [11] contain a complete theory of the Euclidean, flat-space Laplacian. In the same geometric context, much progress has been made in the treatment of strongly elliptic systems; cf. [13], [18], [12], [17], [34]. There are also parabolic and higher degree versions of these constant coefficient results; see [3], [41], [44], [4], [23]. An excellent survey of the state of the art in this active field of research up to the early 90's can be found in [28]. More recently, starting with the pioneering work in [25], the scope of these investigations has been extended to include the case when the data f , g (and, hence, the solution u) are in Sobolev-Besov spaces. In [25], Jerison and Kenig have been able to use harmonic measure techniques in order to obtain sharp results for the Euclidean Laplacian with Dirichlet boundary conditions. Subsequently, a new approach has been developed in [20] where the authors have succeeded to prove sharp invertibility results for the classical layer potential operators on SobolevBesov scales. In particular, in [20] an alternative solution of the main results in [25] was given, which can handle Neumann boundary conditions as well. In principle, this method is also applicable to the case of systems of equations; the case of the three dimensional, constant coefficient Lamé system has been dealt with in [31]. In [35], [36], [37], [38], [33], a program aimed at extending these types of results to the case of variable coefficient PDE's (and, more generally, PDE's on


Energy delivered by a single pulse of current or voltage to a nonlinear resistor is obtained from the area measurement of a charge (q)‐voltage (v) phase portrait display. The technique is demonstrated by an apparatus employing a half‐sine wave pulse current waveform.


The deformation characteristics of cracked reinforced concrete beams are largely dependent on the tension stiffening effect. As one of the serviceability analysis approaches, the employment of a concrete tensile stress block that reflects the flexural tension stiffening behavior is useful for evaluation of beam deflections. In many practical applications, however, beams have to withstand a small degree of axial compression. There has been little research on axial load effects on tension stiffening, and tensile stress block for beams subject to compressive axial load has not been developed. In this study, finite element method is employed to analyze beams under different levels of compressive axial load. The numerical results reveal that the tensile stress block is considerably influenced by the presence of axial load. Using the tension stress fields obtained, values of stress block parameters under different levels of axial load are determined. Adequacy of the proposed model was verified using the test data reported in the literature.


A comprehensive set of test procedures has evolved at Argonne National Laboratory for establishing the performance of compound parabolic and related concentrating thermal collectors with large angular fields of view. The procedures range from separate thermal and optical tests, to overall performance tests. A calorimetric ratio technique has been developed to determine the heat output of a collector without knowledge of the heat transfer fluid's mass flow rate and heat capacity. Sepcial attention is paid to the problem of defining and measuring the incident solar flux with respect to which the collector efficiency is to be calculated.


Abstract In this study, aircraft data are used to derive effective ice particle densities. This density is defined as the ice particle mass divided by the volume of an equivalent diameter sphere. Measured ice particle size distributions and total ice water contents are used to derive effective ice densities for ice particle populations (ρe) as a function of particle size [ρe(D)]. The density values are critical for modeling and remote sensing applications. The method uses particle size distributions (PSDs) measured by several particle spectrometers to compute the total particle volume per unit volume of air, assuming that the particles are spheres. Simultaneous direct measurements of ice water content from a counterflow virtual impactor (CVI) yield values for the number of grams of ice per unit volume of air, enabling the overall effective ice density for a population to be calculated. The measured PSD together with the CVI measurements are used to derive mass–dimension relationships. The methods are appl...


The state of Oregon recently invested in exploring options for increasing the extent of forest restoration activity. This initiative aims to reduce the incidence, effects, and expense of catastrophic fire events and restore economic stability to rural communities by enhancing the supply of raw materials for wood processing facilities and wood-based, renewable energy producers, particularly in the comparatively xeric, eastern two-thirds of the State. Collaborating with PNW-FIA and Portland State University, the Oregon Department of Forestry evaluated current levels of fire hazard as embodied in multiple metrics, assessed the effectiveness of a broad suite of fuel treatment-focused silvicultural prescriptions in achieving resilient forest stands, assessed the wood production potential of landscape restoration, and assessed treatment longevity for northeast Oregon, especially on federal forests. We developed a four-decade simulation, using BioSum 5 (dynamic), with 1,365 forested FIA plots in the northeastern corner of the state and 32 multi-decade sequences of silvicultural prescriptions applied, via FVS-FFE, to all plots where applicable. We estimated treatment costs using the R-based OpCost model, and treatment effectiveness based on multiple stand metrics selected to represent different dimensions of forest resilience, including crown fire potential, predicted mortality and fire intensity. The policy-relevant findings and technical insights developed via this modeling effort are presented.


Abstract form only given. This talk will review several key challenges in design automation, including areas such as pre-silicon functional verification, design-silicon timing correlation, test cost and quality and describe data mining technologies to implement a prediction platform that provides unique solutions to cover these challenges. Results based on industrial cases will be discussed and other potential applications in design automation will be explained. In the functional verification space, we will demonstrate an iterative learning framework for reducing simulation costs and improving coverage. This framework is based on two learning components: a novelty test detector and a rule extractor. The novelty test detector is a test selection mechanism that analyzes the tests, produced by the RTPG tool, prior to simulation and identifies the tests that are more likely to hit coverage holes. The rule extractor learns from novel tests identified by novelty detection. The learning is used to refine the test generation process, so the resulting tests programs are more likely to hit coverage holes. The learning framework was evaluated using the simulation infrastructure for a commercial 64-bit, multi-thread micro- processor built in a 28nm node. Based on the evaluation of toggle coverage for the complex fixed integer unit, we demonstrate the ability to reduce the number of test programs by 95%. In addition, we also demonstrate the ability to extract rules from novel test programs. These rules are used to refine test generation, where the resulting tests hit additional known coverage holes. In design-silicon timing correlation, we will show a framework for analyzing design and test data for extracting knowledge that explains unexpected test results. This framework is evaluated using silicon measurements and design data from 30 high-performance dual-core SOCs. Over 2100 paths were measured on each part. For this design, the path measurements behaved differently than the expected values determined by the STA tools as one cluster of paths performed better than expected while another cluster performed worse. Based on the evaluation of this framework, we demonstrate the ability to explain the fast and slow paths by generating simple reasons using the test data. These rules indicate that there is a design issue with a memory controller interface wrapper and these findings were later validated by domain experts. In the parametric tests space, we will show two different parametric tests analysis frameworks for reducing tests costs and improve test quality. The first framework will demonstrate the ability to learn a predictive models from the parametric test data to predict parts that are likely-to- fail after the entire burn-in cycle. This learning framework was evaluated using 8 lots of test data from a burn-in reduction experiment performed on a 3-axis accelerometer. Each lot contains 9k dies and over 500 parametric tests were performed on each device after 10, 24 and 48 hours of burn-in. Based on the evaluation, we demonstrate the ability to identify a large group of parts, ~98% of the total population, that do not require additional burn-in after 10 hours. This suggests that it is possible to save up to 78% in burn-in costs as we can reduce the burn-in time by a factor of 4.8 for most of the parts. The remaining 2% of parts are more susceptible to failing, where this small population includes all parts that fail after the entire burn-in cycle. The second framework will demonstrate the ability to learn from the parametric wafer test data of known customer return and apply these models to seen parts that will become field failures in the future. The learning framework was evaluated using 48 lots wafer probe test data for a high quality SoC from the automotive market. Each lot contained over 12k passing dies and one customer return. More than 1000 parametric tests were performed on each device. The evaluation was formatted in a realistic setting where the learning based on one customer return was applied to only the lots that occurred after the part was returned by the customer. Based on the evaluation of the framework, we show that it is possible to learn from 8 customer returns and apply the learning to screen out 9 other customer returns. Hence, applying this statistical framework in practice would result in the identification of nearly 23% of the 48 customer returns, which would significantly reduce the DPPM rate for these high quality products.


Influenza is a highly contagious disease due to its frequently mutating viral Hemaglutinin (HA) and Neuraminidase (NA) proteins.[1] WHO reports that 250,000-500,000 people worldwide die of seasonal influenza every year.[2]This necessitates the search for universal vaccines, or broadly protective influenza vaccines. This research explored the feasibility of epitope-based broad-spectrum influenza H3 vaccine design based on common linear epitopes. Given the previously prepared broadly neutralizing antibody 4E3 that recognizes multiple H3 strains by NIDVD, three epitope candidates were selected using computer-simulated antigen-antibody docking. The three epitopes were then evaluated in vitro using molecular cloning, protein expression and immunoassay technologies. EPI-3 (amino acid sequence: WGVHHPVTDNDQIFLYAQA) was successfully cloned, expressed, and evaluated using Western Blot. The positive WB result proved the methodological validity of epitope-based broad-spectrum vaccine design using computational biology. Further work using this method is expected from the scientific community.


This collection of Native American quotations, songs, and poems is paired in a handsome, high-quality art book with the classic photographs of Edward S. Curtis. Convinced he was witnessing an irreversible loss of their cultures, Curtis began traveling the West in the 1890 to photograph members of various tribes. His striking images are a perfect complement to profound observations from Lone Man, Chief Seattle, Mourning Dove, Geronimo, and other wise men and women of the Pawnee, Oglala Sioux, Paiute, Wabanaki Algonquin, and Ojibwa.


This paper will consider the impact and implications of changing the method of selection for social work students on one BA/Diploma in social work course for mature students with family commitments. The change was instituted following research which suggested that interviewers' preferences were a poor predictor of successful outcome of course completion for students, and further, that other predictors such as quality of written application material and student motivation were factors which had a strong correlation with successful outcome. Consequently, in 1999, selecting students by interview was replaced by paper selection. While it is the long-term aim of academic staff to evaluate the merits of paper selection in terms of students' outcomes, this initial paper considers the organisational and administrative implications of changing to paper selection and the students' and selectors' perceptions of paper selection. In particular, this paper will consider whether it is possible to be objective in selecting applicants, or whether subjectivity will always be part of the process. Finally, the article considers the relative cost of paper selection as opposed to interview. The findings of this study suggest that interviewing is twice as costly on academic and agency staff time - a factor which in the present financial climate has considerable implications for the future of interviewing on social work courses.


Lighting system is the crucial part in the internal area of the ship especially the submarine.The inner area lighting has multiple side effects for submarine,this is bacause it has influnce on the safety and comfort of sailors.This paper discusses a high reliable and maintenance free lighting system for submarines,which rely on the new-style LED illumination engineering,and also the realization of it.With these optimized and integrated lighting systems,the workload of power system and possibilities for troubleshooting will reduce.


Described the research results of hardening coatings coating modes influence on the microstructure of the surface layer of machine parts. Electroacoustic coating was used as a coating method. X-ray structural analysis and electron microscopy were used to investigate the microstructure of the coatings. The results obtained can be used to determine the optimal technological modes of coating.


Innovations in educational organisations have not been researched as intensely as business and industrial organisations in India. If innovations are to flourish in schools, it is critical that the mechanisms which can sustain and encourage them be understood clearly. The present study examined the innovations adopted in four schools and thereby uncovered the system and processes which were conducive to their sustenance. The four schools located in different parts of the country, have utilised a range of innovations at school level in the areas of pedagogy, curriculum, evaluation, administration and resource mobilisation. Findings indicated the important role of leadership in adopting innovations in schools. Subsequently, openness in vertical and horizontal communication and establishing a wide network with individuals and institutions outside also appeared to be critical. The innovative schools had also developed a well–defined and documented system of review and monitoring, and mobilising community support. These schools had established pro–cedures for teachers' training and growth, and instituted decentralised and participative systems of management. Implications of these findings for management of innovations in schools are discussed.


Degaussing in rolling mill is important for eddy current testing for crack and damage of roll.Based on the basic principles of degaussing,the device using the semi-circular ring of high permeability ferrite as the core,is controlled by pulse signal from four push-pull driver circuit which alternating pulsed current in the coil to generate the alternating degaussing magnetic field.The calculation and experiment is based on the roll material frequency-response characteristics and the roll speed and other parameters to determine the demagnetization frequency and degaussing power,and we use microcontroller to achieve the degaussing process data and transfer it to computer to adjust frequencies in the production process and carried out to monitor.The degaussing frequency of the instrument is set between 200-800 Hz,and the distance between the degaussing probe and the roll surface is about 1mm,and the remanence of the work-piece is less than 0.1mT after degaussing.Practical application shows that the degaussing device has good effect.


This study was designed to answer the question of whether gas bubble disease (GBD) signs change as a result of the hydrostatic conditions juvenile salmonids encounter when they enter the turbine intake of hydroelectric projects during their downstream migration.


Abstract:This systematic review synthesizes studies that used experimental designs to evaluate techniques theorized to foster the development of antiracism among youth in school settings (19 published reports; 23 independent studies; participant ages 3–19 years old, primarily White). Our goal herein was to identify unique program components, design elements, and outcome measures; and to critically evaluate the existing studies in terms of potential public health impact. A number of specific programming elements were distilled that may be included in future interventions. Overall, interventions that leveraged cognitive and educational components to help increase positive outgroup contact seemed most promising. However, most of the studies testing such programs lacked methodological robustness (e.g., probable gaps in internal validity from the absence of intervention manuals or equivalent, fidelity checks, reliance on outcome measures with unknown psychometric properties, and follow-up designs). Future research would benefit from establishing adherence to implementation (fidelity to protocol), including pre, post, and follow-up assessments, as well as using outcome measures appropriate for determining both short-term and long-term change. There is a clear need for the funding of technique development, manualized programming for delivery, rigorous evaluation of these with standardized outcome measures, and adequately powered studies testing outcomes across development.


Objective To explore the relevant factors of high blood demand at the peri-operative period and provide guidance for clinical appropriate use of blood.Methods A total of 736patients who received perioperative blood transfusion from February 1,2010to February 1,2013in the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were included in this study,the relevant factors of 49patients who had more than 1 000mL blood transfusion were investigated,including observation of preoperative,intraoperative and postoperative complications and the cause of high blood demand.Results The overall incidence of massive transfusion was 6.7%(49/736),the blood loss volume of 49patients with high blood demand was(267.68±104.52)mL,which was higher than the control(235.32±57.85)mL.Conclusion The main factors of high blood demand are preoperative anemia,intraoperative bleeding and postoperative complications.It is also associated with longer operative time,cause of disease or the surgical site et al.Improved surgical skills,shorter operative time and strengthening intraoperative and postoperative management are effective methods to avoid ischemia.


Background: In recent years, tuberculosis has re-emerged as a major health problem in both industrialized & developing countries. Recent advances in identifying & purifying antigens secreted in active tuberculosis infection have lead to the development of serological assays based on a number of immunodominant antigens. To date, the most sensitive and specific of these antigens has been the 38-kDa antigen. Method: Two rapid membrane-based serologic assays using antigen(38-kDa) from mycobacterium tuberculosis for the diagnosis of tuberculosis were evaluated in 22 patients with smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis, 14 patients with inactive pulmonary tuberculosis, and 9 patients with non-tuberculous lung disease. Result: The evaluation of validity(sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, false positivity and false negativity) of STAT-PAK ULTRA FAST were 77.3%, 28.6%, 63.0%, 44.4%, 71.4 %, and 22.7% for differential diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis and inactive pulmonary tuberculosis, respectively. The evaluation of validity of STAT-PAK ULTRA FAST were 77.3%, 33.3%, 73.9%, 37.5%, 66.7%, and 22.7% for differential diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis. The evaluation of validity of ICT Tuberculosis were 54.5%, 57%, 66.7%, 44.4%, 42.9%, and 45.5% for differential diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis and inactive pulmonary tuberculosis. The evaluation of validity of ICT Tuberculosis were 54.5%, 100%, 100%, 47.4%, 0%, and 45.4% for differential diagnosis of active pulmonary tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis. Conclusion: We concluded no effectiveness of STAT-PAK ULTRA FAST & ICT tuberculosison serologic diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. In the future, further large-scale study should be needed for serologic diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.


Let P be a set of n points in the plane R2. Denote the minimum distance occurring between pairs of distinct points of P by ρ(P ). Define the minimum distance graph G(P ) of P to have point set P and edge set the pairs of points in P at distance ρ(P ). Note that minimum distance graphs are planar. Let e(P ) be the number of edges of G(P ). Define e(n) = max e(P ) where the maximum is taken over all sets P of n points in the plane. Harborth [1] showed that e(n) = b3n− √ 12n− 3c. See also [3, Theorem 13.12]. The sets P attaining the bound e(P ) = e(n) have been characterized by Kupitz [2]; they are all subsets of the triangular lattice. What happens if we do not allow triangles? Define f(n) = max e(P ) where the maximum is taken over all sets P of n points in the plane such that the minimum distance graph G(P ) is triangle-free, i.e., it does not contain any clique of size 3. Euler's formula gives f(n) ≤ 2n− 4 for n ≥ 3. The square grid gives f(n) ≥ b2n − 2 √ nc for n ≥ 1 (see Fig. 1 for n = 11 and n = 31).


After describing the necessity and significance of the word segmentation for Yi language,it introduces the principle of Yi word norms and vocabularyand discusses the Yi word segmentation algorithm.According to the characteristics of Yi language,the Yi Man Automatic Segmentation is implemented in Java for a good segmentation results.


San Jose 1 from Cutuglagua parish, Mejia, was formed from the allotment of Hacienda
San Jose. During the birth of the new residential area, the whole territory was part of one
neighborhood; but in its early years there were some events that led to the separation
into three stages: San Jose Primera Etapa, San Jose Segunda Etapa and San Jose Tercera
Etapa. In its development, the neighborhood has reached some achievements such as
access to water, electricity and sewage, through the efforts and commitment of its
people. The organization between people of the area was from the beginning, they start
to form a group of people who represent them and commissions to find strategies that let
them to carry out some processes that resulted in a change to the area based on the
different needs of its people. In the same way, with the participation of its residents, the
neighborhood has gotten community spaces available to the people who need their to
make activities. In the area, there are neighbors who came from around the country, so
this place has a wide variety of practices that allows its citizens to learn about other
cultures. Today, the neighborhood is in the middle of the process of adapting their
streets to give to its residents a better access to a road system for their comfort and
welfare, with awareness about how to take care of public spaces.


This study explores the historical development of British Columbia's community college, university college, and institute system with the focus on voluntary collaboration in relation to provincial coordination and on swings between centralization and decentralization. The study examines developments in British Columbia's post-secondary system in light of developments in the broader North American context.


We conducted a randomised trial comparing the self‐pressurised air‐QTM intubating laryngeal airway (air‐Q SP) with the LMA‐Unique in 60 children undergoing surgery. Outcomes measured were airway leak pressure, ease and time for insertion, fibreoptic examination, incidence of gastric insufflation and complications. Median (IQR [range]) time to successful device placement was faster with the air‐Q SP (12 (10–15 [5–18])) s than with the LMA‐Unique (14 (12–17 [6–22]) s; p = 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the air‐Q SP and LMA‐Unique in initial airway leak pressures (16 (14–18 [10–29]) compared with 18 (15–20 [10–30]) cmH2O, p = 0.12), an airway leak pressures at 10 min (19 (16–22 [12–30]) compared with 20 (16–22 [10–30]) cmH2O, p = 0.81); fibreoptic position, incidence of gastric insufflation, or complications. Both devices provided effective ventilation without the need for airway manipulation. The air‐Q SP is an alternative to the LMA‐Unique should the clinician prefer a device not requiring cuff monitoring during anaesthesia.


PYK2, a major cell adhesion‐activated tyrosine kinase, is highly expressed in macrophages and implicated in macrophage activation and inflammatory response. However, mechanisms by which PYK2 regulates inflammatory response are beginning to be understood. In this study, we demonstrate that PYK2 interacts with MyD88, a crucial signaling adaptor protein in LPS and PGN‐induced NF‐κB activation, in vitro and in macrophages. This interaction, increased in macrophages, stimulated by LPS, requires the death domain of MyD88. PYK2‐deficient macrophages exhibit reduced phosphorylation and degradation of IκB, an inhibitor of NF‐κB nuclear translocation, and decreased NF‐κB activation and IL‐1β expression by LPS. These results suggest that via interaction with MyD88, PYK2 is involved in modulating cytokine (e.g., LPS) stimulation of NF‐κB activity and signaling, providing a mechanism underlying PYK2 regulation of an inflammatory response.


Beat‐by‐Beat Recording of Terminal QRS. Introduction: Beat‐by‐beat recordings of quasiorthogonal leads were performed in 82 normal subjects (35 male and 47 female) with normal standard electrocardiograms (ECGs) in order to: (1) establish normal values for parameters that were similar to those used in signal‐averaged ECG; (2) compare these data with the signal‐averaged ECG; and (3) assess the noise level in beat‐by‐beat recording.


There are many words which have a popular meaning and a definition in law which are substantially different. In most cases these differences have little practical significance for day-to-day life, but in the case of the word 'rights' these differences have important implications. Each of us has our own ideas about what 'rights' are and these are frequently ideas to which we are passionately attached. This may be due to an awareness of the history of rights as the product of hard and bitter struggles in the last century, or an almost instinctive belief in the existence of certain 'natural rights' automatically associated with life in a liberal society. Whatever the reason, they are held close to the heart and cherished. Individual understanding of them is not to be meddled with lightly and any attempt to do so is likely to provoke a sense of outrage. It is perhaps for this reason more than any other that concepts of 'rights' are open to abuse, particularly at the hands of a manipulative government and those who would seek to further its aims. Nowhere in recent history has this been more readily apparent than with the sloganising of rights by the Tories during the 1984-85 coal dispute and, in particular, the emergence of a newly defined 'right to work'. The Tories and the right-wing generally were quick to capitalise on the undoubted widespread popular appeal that a 'right to work' possesses. They presented it as a fundamental freedom under threat, not from the State, but from the National Union of Mineworkers and striking miners it was they who were meddling with our rights. Ironically it was, of course, in defence of this right that the miners themselves acted; a 'right' which in the past often has been claimed as "one of the new social and economic rights associated with the emergence of socialism in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries".1 The purpose of this paper is to show how the Tories have manipulated and abused traditional liberal ideas about rights, in particular the 'right to work', with scant regard to the state of the law, and how the police and judiciary incorporated those ideas in their own thinking.


In this paper the anthor analyses the current problems occurring in marketing planning and thinks that the complex,competitive marketing environment enterprises should reform the traditional marketing concepts,build a scientific and practical marketing organization framework,establish innovative consciousness,improve the ability in developing new markets,establish a scientific and efficient marketing network,implement brand strategies and establish the competitive advantages of enterprises in order to win survival and development space for enterprises.


Summary form only given. Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) were fabricated using CoFe/Ru/Co/Fe artificial antiferromagnet (AAF) sandwiches as a hard-magnetic reference layer and plasma oxidized aluminum as a tunnel-barrier. Tailoring the magnetic properties of the AAF reference layer allows an on-chip magnetization (initialization) of individual junctions which makes it possible to built monolithic bridges in Wheatstone arrangement without multiple mask process steps or on-chip heating elements. The functionality of an angular field sensor based on this concept are demonstrated in detail together with the thermal stability test results and the limitations are discussed.


Background: The 0-G ARED squat under loads the legs relative to the 1g ARED squat. In 1g the knee extensor/flexor muscles are primarily engaged due to the body's center of gravity is behind the knees during the motion of the squat. As body weight does not play a sufficient role 0 G, a crewmember's load exposure is limited by the load delivered by ARED through the exercise bar. Prescription loads for lowerbody resistance exercise in microgravity aim to include 1-G exercise bar load in addition to the crewmember's Earth body weight (BW); however, pressure points from the bar and the 1BW increased load at the shoulders translating to higher loads on the back have been a historical limitation for shoulders, requiring a decrease in exercise load at the start of the mission. Analogous to crewmembers, bed rest subjects report limitations of exercising with high loads on the back while performing squats on the horizontal exercise fixture (HEF), a custom exercise device that serves as an analog to 0-G ARED. Improvements for increasing loads on the HEF squat were suggested by distributing total exercise load between the hips and the bar. The same is recommended for the 0-G ARED squat, with using current equipment on the ISS, which include the T2 running harness and T2 bungees. Quantification of this improvement has been accessed through computational modeling.


Vehicle Monitoring System With the continuous development of electronic information technology to the embedded-based multi-channel video surveillance transmission system is currently monitoring systems towards intelligent network platform development trend.As wireless network bandwidth doubled,video surveillance process also will be easier to monitor the output of high-quality effects,monitoring data transmission between the platform and the network will also be more convenient.In order to propose a set of digital video surveillance based on embedded systems to high-performance ARM processors,embedded Linux operating system as the core,through the network technical support,combined with software and hardware facilities of the system using USB camera and embedded chips the hardware foundation,through embedded WebServer way to access the system for video surveillance.


The control methods used for free/shock vibration suppression are normally different from those used for forced vibration cancellation, because shock vibration is regarded as a type of transient vibration that is different in nature from steady-state forced vibration. However, both steady-state and shock excitations may occur in flexible structures, so there is a need to control both types of vibrations. To show the integration of the two different vibration control strategies, a hybrid control system based on adhesive strain gauges and PZT patches is proposed to construct a distributed resonant absorber and shock absorber together. The hybrid system is governed by a control arbitrator that decides which absorber should be active according to the different excitation conditions. The effectiveness of the integrated system is shown through simulation and experimental studies.


Waste-to-Energy (WtE) technologies produce energy by processing solid, liquid and gaseous waste streams using either thermal, physical or biological methods. It was determined that in 2014 a waste quantity of approximately 8,212,496t would be generated in the Western Cape (WC), with MSW (46.8%) being the largest contributor, and the City of Cape Town (CCT) generating more than 60% of the total waste. An accelerated green model determined possible fractional waste uses of 5%, 45%, 40% and 10%, attributed to landfilling, reuse/recycling, WtE and composting, respectively. Total net CO2 eq. emissions reduction of 13,472,164t was calculated from the model, with the biggest contributor being Non-Recyclable MSW (34.9%). In conclusion, it was calculated that biological WtE technologies would be the most prevalent by 2040, with a share of 82% of the total net CO2 eq. emissions reduction, and the CCT would be the biggest role-player in enabling an accelerated WtE economy.


"BANDUNG 60 YEARS ON: WHAT ASSESSMENT?" is a title of a one-day seminar organised at the University Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne on June 27, 2014. Initiated and coordinated by Darwis Khudori, the seminar was co-hosted by CHAC (Centre d'Histoire de l'Asie Contemporaine, Universite Paris 1 Pantheon-Sorbonne) and GRIC (Groupe de Recherches Identites et Cultures, Universite Le Havre Normandie). It was the first of a series of conferences organised in several countries along the year 2014-2015 in the framework of commemoration of the 60th anniversary of the 1955 Bandung Asian-African Conference. Around 30 participants including 12 presenters were involved the whole day from 8:30 to 18:00 local time. The presenters were Samir AMIN (Egypt/Senegal/France), Youcef BENABDALLAH (Algeria), Omar BENDERRA (Algeria/France), Adams BODOMO (Ghana/Austria), Amzat BOUKARI-YABARA (Benin/Martinique/France), Nadia CHETTAB (Algeria), Darwis KHUDORI (Indonesia/France), Lazare KI-ZERBO (Burkina Faso/France), Boutros LABAKI (Lebanon), NGUYEN Dac Nhu-Mai (Vietnam/France), Ricardo PARVEX (Chile/France), Dominique Martin SAATENANG (Cameroon/France), Hugues TERTRAIS (France). This report is aimed at giving a general idea on the content and the actors of the day. A4, 16 pages, text and photos.


Mazur, Kelsey M. MSAE, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, December 2016. More Electric Systems Architecture Effect on Business Jet Performance. A more-electric systems architecture, using current state of the art components, is proposed for the business jet Dassault Falcon 2000. A model of the existing aircraft, both of its overall flying characteristics and performance and of its detail systems layout, is created using Pacelab APD c © and SysArc c © programs. The model is validated with respect to the aircraft published data. Then, another model of the same aircraft is created but, this time, it is for the aircraft with the new architecture and their respective performance is compared. In particular, this results in changes in mission range and the overall system's weight. The proposed more-electric architecture replaces the hydraulic actuators for the flight controls with electro-hydrostatic and electro-mechanical actuators; the engine off-takes (bleed) for cabin pressurization and wing de-icing with electrically driven compressors and electrical heating mats, respectively. It is ensured that the new architecture possesses the same or higher level of safety by the incorporation of redundancy and auxiliary systems such as extra batteries and a ram air turbine. The more-electric Falcon was found to be 700 lb heavier, which is a 27% increase. The thrust specific fuel consumption at cruise was reduced 0.5% by the practical suppression of the engine bleed. However, this was not sufficient to offset the weight penalty and the aircraft range was reduced from 3,275 to 2,600 NM, a 20% negative impact. Therefore, it is concluded that, with the current technology, a more-electric aircraft based on the exchange of current by electrical systems is not an attractive proposition. However, the constant improvement in the performance and weight to power ratios of electronic and electrical components does not preclude their implementation in the future and, if the more-electric paradigm is incorporated from the conceptual and preliminary design stages higher benefits may be possible.


The ecology civilization carefully evamines between the human and the nature,and the human and human's relations by one kind of brand-new angle of view,which is the human culture development way that must be taken.The current social person and nat- ural not harmoniously caused the society to develop not harmoniously,we should set up comprehensively,coordinated,the sustainable science development view,planned the hnman and the nature harmonious development took an important content,realized profoundly the human and the nature harmoniously to the human and the social full scale development great significance,constructed the harmoni- ous ecology civilization diligently.


Xanthine oxidase‐derived superoxide production and oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of diabetic complications (Diabetes 2002;51(4):1118–24) including diabetic cardiomyopathy. We hypothesized that treatment with the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol (ALP) may attenuate or prevent the development of left ventricle (LV) diastolic dysfunction, an early sign of diabetic cardiomyopathy (Cardiology 2002;98:33–9), in rats with streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetes. Control Sprague‐Dawley (C) or STZ‐induced diabetic (D) rats (220±20g) were either untreated or treated with ALP (100 mg/kg/day) for four weeks starting at one week after STZ injection. In D rats, both plasma and cardiac tissue levels of 15‐F2t‐isoprostane, a specific index of oxidative damage, were increased (P<0.05 vs. C) at the 5th week, accompanied with significant increase in left ventricle (LV) weight/body weight ratio and decreases in LV end‐diastolic volume and stroke volume (all P<0.05 D vs. C). All these changes were either significantly attenuated or prevented by treatment with ALP. In addition, LV ejection fraction in D rats treated with ALP was higher than that in untreated D rats (P<0.05). It is concluded that ALP can attenuate hyperglycemia‐induced oxidative stress and subsequently present left ventricular dysfunction in early diabetes.


Previous studies of redox equilibria in silicate glass melts, for the ion couples: Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ , Cr 3+ /Cr 6+ , Ce 3+ /Ce 4+ , Sn 2+ /Sn 4+ and As 3+ /As 5+ , provide values of the redox ratio, R (e.g. R=[Fe 2+ ]/[Fe 3+ ]), for different glass compositions. The equilibria are countered by oxide (-II) atoms (in the molten glass) and atmospheric oxygen. Plotting log R against the optical basicity, Λ, of the melt (calculated from its composition) and setting Λ for aqueous (alkaline) solution, provides a value of log R for each ion couple. When these are plotted versus E 0 , appropriate for alkaline solution, a linear relationship is observed; linearity is also observed for conditions of acidic aqueous solution. These correlations, which link two strikingly different conditions, (1) in the glass melts (at 1400°C) and (2) in aqueous solution (at 25°C), are discussed in terms of the optical basicity model. The relationships are used in conjunction with redox potential, in aqueous solution, for obtaining the redox ratios of the following ion couples in glass melts: V 4+ /V 5+ , Sb 3+ /Sb 5+ , Mn 2+ /Mn 3+ , Co 2+ /Co 3+ , Tl + /Tl 3+ , Pb 2+ /Pb 4+ and Ni 2+ /Ni 4+ as function of the optical basicity, that is, the composition of the molten glass. The results are in accordance with known (qualitative) behaviour and should be useful for future (quantitative) studies, since they indicate suitable glass compositions for detecting appropriate concentrations of the two oxidation states for these ion couples


The program of activities within the Microgravity Fluids and Transport Phenomena Discipline has been structured to enable the systematic pursuit of an increased understanding of low gravity fluid behavior/phenomena in a way which ensures that the results are appropriate to the widest range of applications. This structure is discussed and an overview of some of the activities which are underway is given. Of significance is the fact that in the majority of the current and planned activities, the measurement and, or control of the fluid temperature is a key experiment requirement. In addition, many of the experiments require that the temperature measurement be nonintrusive. A description of these requirements together with the current techniques which are being employed or under study to make these measurements is also discussed.


IT IS AN HONOR AND A PRIVILEGE to have the opportunity to serve as the President of the NLN. The NLN has been a part of my professional career for many years. As faculty and department chair, I participated in annual meetings, self-studies, accreditation visits, and as a member of the Curriculum Revolution Committee. I have served as NLN Director of Accreditation, participated in the move to outcomes evaluation, and conducted program evaluators' workshops. I am committed to this organization. Like other professional organizations, the NLN has faced many challenges, and many challenges remain. In 1999, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) reported that as many as 98,000 hospitalized Americans die annually and one million more are injured due to preventable medical errors. A recent report in The Washington Post indicated that patients in most American hospitals are no less likely to be killed or injured today than they were four years ago. In the lace of the nursing shortage and the nurse faculty shortage, it is evident that increased attention must he directed toward health professions education. In Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century, the IOM addresses safely and quality care problems and calls lot reform in health professions education, stating that a new health care system requires a new health professional (1). In June 2002, the IOM convened a summit, Health Professions Education: A Bridge to Quality, and invited 150 participants across disciplines and occupations to address safety and quality issues and the education of health professionals. The Executive Summary of this summit presents a call for all health professionals to be educated to deliver patient-centered care us members of an interdisciplinary learn that emphasizes evidence-based practice, quality improvement approaches, and informatics (2). Patient-centered care, interdisciplinary team, evidence-based practice, quality improvement, and informatics are viewed us five core competencies implicit in this vision. We know the challenges before us--the diversity of patient populations, the large aging population, and the presence of individuals with multiple chronic illnesses. The health care system requires health professionals skilled in responding to varying patient expectations and values, providing ongoing patient management, delivering and coordinating care across teams, settings, and time frames, and supporting patients' endeavors to change behavior and lifestyle. There is a rapidly expanding evidence base upon which health care decisions should be made, but health professionals are not educated in how to access and evaluate knowledge and apply it to their practice. Few opportunities are provided to learn, study, analyze, and reflect upon root causes of errors and the safety and quality problems that exist in today's health care system. A competence in informatics and technology is also missing. Much of what is learned in health professions education lies outside formal academic course work. The Bridge to Quality report states that "a hidden curriculum" of observed behavior, interactions, and overall norms and culture of a student's educational environment are extremely powerful in shaping the values and attitudes of future health professionals. Often this hidden curriculum contradicts what is taught in the classroom. We might ask, what are our students really learning? What are the implications for clinical practice? Quality and safety problems happen in the hands of health professionals who are highly dedicated to doing a good job, but work within a system that does not adequately prepare them, or support them in practice, to achieve the best for their patients. …


In this paper,the author discusses some problems on computer basis education including present situation,reform measures and effect;The author put forward some methods to improve education quality.


The fan apparatus air conditioning system to supply air to the vortex tube, a vortex tube for generating cool air and the warmth of the present invention, is disposed in the indoor discharging the cool air and optionally an indoor space either the warmth generated in the vortex tube including the indoor unit, it is possible to use the vortex tube in cooling or heating the indoor space.


Dormancy and the production of specialized resistant structures (e.g., spores, cysts, sclerotia, etc.) are survival strategies used by many organisms to endure environmental conditions that are not ideal for growth and reproduction. In this doctoral dissertation we focus on the dormant fraction (i.e., dormant, and specialized resistant structures) produced by bacteria, fungi, and archaea. Dormant and specialized resistant cells rest in the environment, forming what it denominated, the microbial seedbank. The microbial seedbank is an important reservoir of phenotypical and genetical diversity which is also known to influence the evolution of populations and microbial processes. Given the importance of the microbial seedbank it would be important to understand its composition and dynamics. However, until now the methods used to assess the microbial environmental diversity, are not able to distinguish between the active and dormant fraction and specially specialized resistant structures that form part of the dormant fraction. Here we use lysis-resistance as a proxy to target the diversity of specialized resistant cells of bacteria, fungi, and archaea. Through the application of the "lysis-resistant enrichment method" we show that lysis-resistance in bacteria is limited to a few taxa, however not limited to the well described sporogenic genus. On the other hand, lysis-resistance in fungi and archaea was observed to be broadly distributes. In the case of fungi this was to be expected as the production of spores and other resistant structures are an integral part of most fungi's life cycle. In the case of archaea, the broad distribution of lysis-resistance might be a result of the cell's composition which might make them more resistance to lysis than bacteria, however it would be feasible that archaea are also able to enter dormancy and produce spore-like structures. Here we also systematically evaluated the morphological (optical and cryo-EM microscopy) and chemical composition (Raman microspectroscopy) of model bacterial spores, in the search of a universal spore marker. This to develop a spore sorting platform to isolate spores from environmental samples. Though the systematic evaluation of the model sporulating bacteria, the only characteristic that was shared among all spores, was the enlargement of the cell wall compared to the vegetative cell. On the other hand, the cell wall of each spore type differed in the number and density of the layers from the other spore types. The chemical composition of each spore type was also unique; thus, no spore universal marker could be identified. Nonetheless, unique chemical markers were identified for each spore type that could be used for the isolation of bacterial spores from environmental samples. To conclude, although we were not able to develop a universal sorting platform for the isolation of dormant and specialized resistant cells. We have now moved a step closer to be able to assess the microbial seedbank.


Nanotechnology progress in Lithium substituted Magnesium Ferrite offers the opportunity to study the role of nano-particles and nanopores in various applications like humidity sensing by physisorption of water vapors on magnesium ferrite and hydroelectric cell based on water dissociation by nanoporous ferrite. The nanoparticles synthesized by various researchers were not homogeneous as these involve very less calcinations time. In the present work, lithium is substituted in different proportions in Magnesium Ferrite. Synthesis of magnesium ferrite at low temperature generated very homogenous nanopores in microstructure. The nanoparticles of ferrite were prepared by solid state reaction method. The synthesized ferrites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) and resemble the structure of ferrite.


The Archimax copula, which generalizes the Archimedean and the bivariate extreme value copulas, is considered. It is shown that the stochastic increasing property of an Archimax copula is inherited from its associated Archimedean copula. The calculation of Kendall's tau and Spearman's rho for Archimax copulas is reviewed. A new explicit integral representation for Spearman's rho of the Gumbel-Hougaard Archimax copula is obtained. Based on a checkerborad approximation of copulas in the topology of uniform convergence, we use the obtained results to provide a numerical evidence for the validity of an open conjecture by Hutchinson-Lai, which states bounds on Spearman's rho in terms of Kendall's tau under the stochastic increasing dependence property.


Racial politics may be expected to involve a commons dilemma in which voters perceive the choice of political candidates of different races as a zero-sum game. To test this expectation, regression models were construed based on survey data collected during the 1988 New York City mayoral primary between David Dinkins and Edward Koch. Both the perception of racial outgroup threat and dissatisfaction with public resources predicted candidate support in registered Democrats.


If a unified theory possesses non-Abelian global symmetries which are spontaneously broken it gives rise to a three-dimensional defect known as texture. In an expanding universe texture obeys a scaling solution,'' which produces a constant density perturbation at horizon crossing of {delta}{rho}/{rho}{approx}{ital m}{sub GUT}{sup 2}/m{sub Planck}{sup 2}, where {ital m}{sub GUT} is the scale of symmetry breaking. These (isocurvature) perturbations are broadly of Harrison-Zeldovich form, but are non-Gaussian, having strong spikes'' in the density field. Consequences for microwave background anisotropy are briefly discussed.


To the Editor: Human polyomavirus activation because of immunomodulatory therapy is a recently recognized finding, the most important cases being JC virus activation and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in multiple sclerosis and rheumatic diseases as well as the correlation of BK virus (BKV) activation and therapy in transplant patients (1–3). The occurrence of neurologic manifestations following BKV infection has so far been rarely reported in immunosuppressed individuals (1–5). In July 2007, a 46-yr-old HIV-negative man was admitted to the hospital, complaining of diplopia, recurrent headache and tinnitus. A stage IVA high-intermediate International Prognostic Index score diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma had been diagnosed 2 months earlier. He had then been given four courses of combination dose-dense chemotherapy (CHOP-R 14) with 12-mg intra-thecal methotrexate as central nervous system (CNS) chemo-prophylaxis, and scheduled to receive high-dose chemotherapy with peripheral blood stem-cell rescue. The symptoms had appeared 10 d after the end of the combination chemotherapy. The neurologic examination found a bilateral sixth cranial nerve impairment, while the brain computed tomography scan was unremarkable. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) excluded either encephalitis or PML. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed no CNS lymphoma cells, while CSF differential cell count, chemistry and cytology were within the reference ranges, and microbiological tests resulted negative. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis on CSF tested positive for BKV DNA while negative for all known neurotropic viruses, including JC. An MRI performed 1 month later persisted negative (Table 1). Two months later, neurologic manifestations considerably improved and the CSF resulted negative for BKV DNA on a second PCR test. Urine analysis and renal function tests were always normal and detection of BKV DNA load in three serial urine samples correlated with the clinical course (Table 1). This case provides molecular evidence of a possible association between BKV and neurologic symptoms in a lymphoma patient treated with chemotherapy and rituximab. In the case of anti-CD20 therapeutic antibodies, B cells are depleted and it is conceivable that one


To test lead content for traditional Chinese medicine areca slice,the experiment choose convenient ion flotation method to separate higher enrichment and sensitivity flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry to test content of trace lead in the sample. According to the analysis of tested data, the effectiveness of the proposed method for concentration of lead were discussed,which was found that the adopted floatation separation of Lead with ammonium sulfate- potassium iodide- cetylpyridine bromide system floating method had better feasibility for the separation and enrichment of lead. At the same time,the method had higher practicability and accuracy to provide reliable and convenient way for lead content of test material in the future.


With the development of 3D audio, distance rendering in multi-channel spatial audio becomes a hot topic of great interest. In this paper, the directional-to-diffuse energy ratio (DDR), a novel relative distance cue, is presented based on Fast Independent Components Analysis (FastICA). DDR is used to trace the relative distance of recreated sound image, by extracting the energy ratio of the directional component and the diffuse component in multi-channel audio signal. Combined the human auditory perception, a mapping relationship is discussed between DDR and relative distance. According to the subjective comparison, the estimated relative distance could validly reveal the perceived relative distance.


Intrahepatic and extrahepatic lymphatic vessels were opacified by the intraparenchymal injection of contrast material during percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography in 5 patients with cirrhosis and 1 patient with chronic, active hepatitis. The lymphatic channels had a beaded, irregular appearance. They converged in the region of the liver hilus and extended outside the boundaries of the liver to the region of the T12 vertebral body.The location and the roentgenographic appearance of these lymphatic channels should distinguish them from biliary ducts and hepatic vessels.


The concept of Mobility as a Service (MaaS) has been recently introduced to transportation and has the potential to really affect and change the transportation market as well as the interactions between users, service providers and suppliers across many countries. The aim was to firstly evaluate the usefulness, ease of use, usability and user experience of travellers and service providers in using the MaaS enabling mobile application and Service Registration Tool, respectively and secondly to evaluate the user experience and adoption of both solutions in in real-life continuous use for 6 months in 5 European cities (Amsterdam, Athens, Prague, Rome, Salzburg) for national and cross-border journeys. This paper presents a multifaceted evaluation framework for the evaluation of a MaaS mobile application by travellers and preliminary findings from the user experience tests. evaluation, collection of analytics and online feedback forms (incl. benchmarking evaluation) .


Although more children than ever are starting school in Africa, in many countries dropout rates remain high and few students complete their schooling, especially girls. Results-based financing (RBF) has been used in many developing countries to attempt to incentivize various stakeholders such as students, parents, and teachers to achieve better results. RBF mechanisms work by linking financial incentives to measurable results, for example school attendance, dropout rates, or student test scores. Conditional cash transfers (CCTs) are one such RBF mechanism that has been used in many developing countries to incentivize individuals to take actions that they may not otherwise take, such as attending school or using preventive health services. CCTs work by giving individuals a cash transfer, conditional on verification that they have completed the prescribed behavior. CCTs have been shown to be effective in increasing school attendance in many countries, but their cost and complexity makes them difficult to manage for countries with limited administrative and budgetary capacity.


The essay examines the notion of musical–aesthetic experience as an event of appearance in the light of the aesthetic theories of Heidegger, Gadamer, Adorno, Seel, and Gumbrecht. Despite their radically different responses to the challenges posed by late modernity and their distinctive ways of rethinking metaphysics, some underlying common concerns and insights can be detected. What appears in aesthetic experience is, for all of them, not merely a construction by the subject, as implied by Kant's aesthetics, but rather 'something' that arises from the work of art itself. For Heidegger, this happens through the process of 'enowning' (Ereignis), while Gadamer speaks of 'presentation' (Vollzug), Adorno of 'epiphanies' of the 'non-identical,' Seel of 'appearance,' and Gumbrecht of the 'production of presence'. There is a common insight that the status of the subject must be changed by such experiences. Instead of 'using violence against the object' (Adorno), a certain passivity is appropriate. Gumbrecht suggests applying Heidegger's notion of 'releasement' (Gelassenheit) to aesthetic experience as a response to the 'loss of world' in late modernity. The essay shows how the event of appearance points towards features typically associated with the notion of musical experience as existential experience.


Although metric access methods (MAMs) proved their capabilities when performing efficient similarity search, their further performance improvement is needed due to extreme growth of data volumes. Since multi core processors become widely available, it is justified to exploit parallelism. However, taking into account the Gustafson's law, it is necessary to find tasks suitable for parallelization. Such a task could be M-tree construction. Unfortunately, parallelism during an object insertion in hierarchical index structures is limited by a node capacity. It is much less restrictive to run several independent insertions in parallel. However, synchronization problems occur whenever a node is about to split. In this paper we present our new technique of M-tree construction. The technique postpones splitting of overfull nodes and thus allows simple parallelization of M-tree construction. We also utilize an adaptation of recently introduced re-inserting technique in the M-tree. Our experiments confirm the new technique guarantees significant speed up of M-tree construction and also improves the quality of the index.


The study investigated effect of Intellectual Capital Costs on Financial Performance of listed Commercial Banks in Nigeria during the period 2007 to 2016. The choice of the period was predicated on establishing the relationship of the variables during the Sub-Sector's post consolidation era in Nigeria. It employed ex post facto research design and extracted data from cross section of three banks from ten (10) years annual report. The data were purposively selected based on availability of data. The study adapted the Value Added Intellectual Capital Coefficient Model as proxy for Intellectual Capital Costs while Return on Equity was adopted as proxy for Financial Performance. Engaging the Ordinary Least Squares based balanced Panel data regression technique in a longitudinal data framework of thirty (30) observations, the results established how Intellectual Capital Costs affect Return on Equity of the selected Banks in line with a priori expectation. It provided evidence that 52.8% of the total variation on Return on Equity of listed Banks on Nigeria Stock Exchange is attributable to variations in Intellectual Capital Costs proxies included in the model. The study proved that individually, Human Capital Efficiency has positive significant relationship with Return on Equity while Structural Capital Efficiency and Capital Employed Efficiency individually, has positive but insignificant relationship with Return on Equity. The study therefore substantiated that Intellectual Capital Costs significantly affect Return on Equity and therefore concludes that Intellectual Capital Costs has significant effect on Financial Performance of listed Commercial Banks in Nigeria. It recommends that regulatory authorities should set benchmark of training standards for staff of banks so as to enhance skills not just in banking operations and earnings generation but also in effective and efficient relationship management.


Bacteria-free cultures of E. histolytica have been inhibited by specific and related antibodies in the antisera produced in rabbits. Maximal culture-inhibiting antibodies were produced when the rabbits were immunized with frozen and thawed, formalin-treated trophozoites injected intravenously. Human sera from subjects with current or past histories of amoebiasis also inhibited growth of amoebae in vitro.


We explore how rice farmers adjust their farm management practices in response to extreme weather events and determine whether their adjustments affect the mean, risk, and downside risk of rice yield. Based on a survey of 1,653 rice farmers in China, our econometric analyses show that the severity of drought and flood in the study areas significantly increases the risk and downside risk of rice yield. The applied farm management measures respond to severe drought and flood and can be considered as adaptation to climate change, an issue often ignored in previous studies. We model adaptation and its impact on rice yield for adapters and non-adapters. Utilizing a moment-based approach, we show that adaptation through farm management measures significantly increases rice yield and reduces the risk and downside risk of rice yield. Several policies, including scaling up the cost-effective farm management adaptation and providing public services related to natural disasters, are recommended to improve adaptive capacity of farmers, particular the poor, in response to extreme events. (This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)


Maize kernels contain different bioactive compounds that are important for human 1 health. The aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of the bioactive 2 compounds in maize fractions derived from two industrial dry-milling processes, 3 characterized by a dry-degermination (DD) system and a tempering-degermination 4 (TD) system. 5 The bioactive compounds in maize resulted unevenly distributed in the milling 6 fractions of the kernel. By-products such as the germ and the animal feed flour, had 7 higher total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total polyphenol content (TPC) and total 8 dietary fibre content (TDF) than the whole grains, while xanthophyll and resistant 9 starch resulted to be higher in the fractions derived from the vitreous endosperm. The 10 germ fraction showed also the highest folate content. Results also showed that the 11 type of degermination process influences the bioactive compound contents in the 12 milling fraction, in accordance to the effectiveness of the germ and bran removal from 13 the endosperm fractions. In particular, the animal feed flour obtained by means of 14 TD system resulted in an higher TAC, TPC and TDF than the same fraction obtained 15 by means of the DD system. Conversely, the extraction rate do not affect the 16 recovery of bioactive components in particular fractions. 17 18


SOI technologies have long been used for SEU-hardened SRAMs and other radiation hard circuits. However, to maintain their advantages in the submicron regime, it is essential that the strength of the FBE and the implied parasitic bipolar transistor (BJT) should be minimized. In this work, this is best achieved by reducing the gain β of the parasitic BJT without degrading the SRAM performance, by controlling the carrier lifetime of the SOI film. Two sets of devices (I and II) were fabricated on 0.35 μm PD SOI technology where Device II underwent a lifetime killing-processing step to control SEU vulnerability. These devices were experimentally characterized and simulated, and the results verified the benefits of lifetime killing.


With a Penning trap technique applied to even short lived (few s) radioactive nuclides, masses of many isotopes of half a dozen elements have been determined with a precision of about 10 keV or better, which is sufficient for nuclear physics purposes. With time of flight methods applied to undecelerated particles (in the region below mass number 80) from bombarded targets, but also with more classical methods, masses of many nuclides far from beta stability have been improved, or measured for the first time. It is expected that extension of these methods will lead to further extensions and improvements. Information is given on the way in which the mass values in the tables have been derived from many thousands of measurements of masses and of nuclear reaction and decay energies.<<ETX>>


In Part 1, to clarify the usability of residual oil reclaimed from waste plastics as diesel fuel, the authors evaluated the correlation between the result of FIA ignition test and the calculation result of JIS K2204 Cetane Index.In this report, furthermore, referring to also the fuel density and the distillation characteristics of marine diesel oil, the authors considered the JIS K2204 and the JIS K2280 Cetane Index from ignition characteristics standpoint.


Believed to have been written well over 2000 years ago, the Gita's original social, cultural, and religious or philosophical context is far removed from the context of the present, and it is written in a language no longer used in daily speech. In its original form, it was not even a complete, independent text, it was a small part of the Mahabharata epic and only one of many texts expounding vedantic ideas. Yet, the Gita enjoys currency, new translations are released by major publishers every year. The Gita is believed to be the most translated text after the Bible today. This essay investigates the process by which the Gita has achieved its canonical status and thinks about why the Gita—and no other Hindu text—is today regarded the representative text of Hinduism. For this purpose, the essay surveys recent history over the last 200 years since Wilkins' translation into English and the process of interpretation, translation, and dissemination by which the Gita was adapted to contexts and made instrumental to ideologies. Comparing the Gita to other Hindu texts provides clues for the suitability of the Gita, time and time again, to such adaption.


Die Konzilsfrage in den Flug- und Streitschriften des deutschen Sprachraumes, 1518-1563. By Thomas Brockmann. [Schriftenreihe der Historischen Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vol. 57.] (Gottingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. 1998. Pp. 762. DM 164.00 paperback) During the past two decades, the value of German Reformation pamphlets as sources has been rediscovered,1 and these publications have been the subject of a number of thorough, usually author-based studies.2 Thomas Brockmann's dissertation, this time a topic-based study of German pamphlets dealing with conciliarism, represents a further important contribution to Flugschriften scholarship. Brockmann's endeavor is extraordinarily ambitious, as he seeks to analyze all pamphlets (i.e., Latin as well as German pamphlets) that deal with the conciliar issue and were printed or distributed in German-speaking territories from the beginning of the Reformation (1518) until the end of the Council of Trent (1563). Not surprisingly, he comes up with 562 relevant pamphlets for this forty-five-year period. Although this is an enormous, indeed almost unwieldy body of sources, Brockmann does an excellent job of conducting a number of careful analyses of these printed pamphlets and arrives at convincing conclusions about them. The relationship between conciliarism and Reformation during the above period was anything other than predictable, as Brockmann shows. While contemporary observers believed they were seeing in Luther's revolt against the papacy a rerun of fifteenth-century conciliaristic antipapalism (an important part of Luther's strategy was, after all, the appeal to a council), this changed suddenly after the Leipzig dispute of 1519, during which the Saxon monk unexpectedly declared councils as well as the Pope to be fallible. Protestant pamphlets reflected this change by assuming an increasingly spiritualistic view of the church as an invisible entity defying identification with any one fallible human institution, reconfirming their early proclamation of Scripture as the sole authority in faith issues. Correspondingly, Catholic pamphleteers shifted their emphasis away from anticonciliarism toward the vigorous defense of the visible Catholic Church-including its councils!-as institutions endowed with Christ-given authority. Indeed, the defenders of the old faith exercised extreme restraint in the proclamation of anything that the Protestants could interpret as exaggerated papalism. What had begun as a conciliaristic dispute turned thus into an essentially ecclesiological debate. A new shift of paradigms came in 1533, when Protestants were forced to justify their refusal to participate in the council initiative put forth by Pope Clement VII, which also had the support of Emperor Charles V and of the Catholic estates. Not wanting to appear as solely responsible for the failure to come to an agreement, Protestant propaganda now took a curious pro-conciliar turn: it appealed to a future, "truly Christian" council, preferably a national all-- German council free of papal influence, and rejected the Pope's conciliabutum for formal juridical reasons. Catholic pamphleteers, on the other hand, accused Protestants of fundamental anticonciliarism, of espousing heresies condemned by earlier councils, including the Council of Constance, and of essentially sabotaging all efforts to convene a legitimate council. A third turning-point in the pamphlet debate came in 1546 when the Council of Trent began its sessions and Charles V intensified his military pressure on the Protestant estates. For the first time, Protestantism had to confront the reality of a council actually taking place and at the same time experience painful military vulnerability. Protestant authors of pamphlets assumed once again a pronounced anticonciliar tone, renewing earlier appeals to the sole authority of Scripture and expressing fundamental theological objections to the ecclesiological validity of the assembly in Trent. …


The utility model relates to a combination module for greening on the terrace, which comprises a basal disc, a flat slat overhead diaphragm and a geotextile filter cloth; wherein the basal disc comprises an inside and outside concavo-convex bottom plate and a surrounding frame consisting of an upper frame and a lower frame of a connecting reinforcing rib arranged at the connection part; the outer surface of the bottom plate is provided with hollow outward protruding feet, strip-shaped bottom grooves and branch interconnected outward protruding reinforcing ribs; the inner surface of the bottom plate is provided with sunken storage pits, strip-shaped main supply and drainage ditches which are provided with water supply and drainage special holes and strip-shaped caulking grooves, and sunken water supply and drainage fine grooves; dripping holes, reinforcing supporting ribs and limiting tappets are arranged on the flat slat overhead diaphragm; the overhead diaphragm is embedded on the inner surface of the bottom plate of the basal disc; and the geotextile filter cloth is wholly covered on the inner surface of the bottom plate. The module has simple and scientific structure, can effectively overcome the defects of high input cost of equipment, large management difficulty, big influence on the working life of the building, inconvenient updating of soil and flowers and plant species, and difficult lasting greening effect existed in the roof terrace greening of the prior art, and has strong practicability and wide market application prospect.


Intensity increase and decrease of fluorescent X-rays from the exit and entrance surfaces for the incident X-ray, respectively, are observed, when the 220 Bragg reflection of the incident radiation of wavelength 0.7093 A is excited in perfect germanium crystals with µD=9.57 and 16.0. The experiment is performed using a triple-crystal spectrometer and the radiation from a Mo target in a conventional X-ray tube monochromatized by the silicon symmetric 111 reflection and collimated by the triple 220 reflections in a channel-cut silicon crystal. The experimental intensity profiles agree well with those calculated using the intensity formulae given by Annaka (J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol. 23 (1967) 372).


Summary Using several commentaries on my study Southern African Literatures (including those of panellists at the Conference "Literary Studies at the Crossroads") as a point of departure, the article attempts to consider ‐ by analogy ‐ the question of whose story, perhaps whose identity, is relevant to South Africa of the 1990s. It is argued that literary studies ‐ indeed, cultural studies ‐ needs to pursue methods of comparison and translation in breaking beyond the linguistic‐ethnic enclaves of the past towards complex understandings of what might constitute a South African identity.


Preparing qualified teachers is essential to improve the English teaching in primary schools.The course plan is crucial for the initial teacher training.There exist some problems in the course plan and it should be improved by handling properly the relation between(1) knowledge and skill,(2) educational course and English course,and by strengthening the educational practice.


The ability to communicate privately over the internet is now enjoyed by billions of people, due primarily to the adoption of end-to-end encryption by popular platforms like WhatsApp and iMessage. End-to-end encryption provides strong confidentiality and integrity guarantees, meaning the platform cannot read nor interfere with conversations between its users. Unfortunately these same properties hamper the ability of the platform to perform critical safety services on behalf of its users. We have seen in WhatsApp the negative effects of safety systems being unable to see message content directly: hate speech inciting lynchings, political disinformation campaigns, and child pornography rings are a few examples of abuse evading moderation found on WhatsApp. Such failings have led to calls for the end of private online communication.


With the continued advancement in technology mobile phone are increasingly becoming accessible. A wide range of mobile application are continually being developed to perform tasks with capabilities that were only possible with powerful computers. The emerging concept of Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) is fast being adopted to help overcome storage and compute limitation in mobile devices enabling more advance applications. With MCC storage and processing of data is done on the cloud reducing on costs and saving on energy consumption among other benefits. Motivated by the importance of reviewing its adoption, the objective of this study is to provide a state of the art of MCC and to establish the challenges and opportunities presented by MCC. This paper systematically reviewed previous publications following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis) checklist guidelines. From the systematic review outcome, a layered architecture for MCC is proposed, its application and benefits are presented. The challenges and opportunities resulting from MCC are then highlighted and proposed.


In times of increasing human-machine interaction, the implementation of emotional intelligence in machines should not only recognize and track emotions during human interaction, but also respond with appropriate emotional content. Machines should be able to react and respond to human emotions. Music generation with a specific emotion is part of this task. This article presents the process of building a system generating polyphonic music content of a specified emotion using a conditional variational autoencoder and convolutional layers. The process of preparing a database of training examples with compositions by Johann Sebastian Bach, selecting and conducting transformations of musical examples was described. Annotation with emotion labels was done by music experts with a university music education. The four emotion labels - happy, angry, sad, relaxed - corresponding to the four quadrants of Russell's model were used. The process of coding symbolic music examples into a time-pitch matrix representation, but also the structure of the built variational autoencoder, was described. Experiments on the implementation of different convolutional layers intended for visual analysis of the representation of music examples were presented. The generated emotional music files were evaluated using metrics and expert opinions.


Assessment of damage to heritage assets is often a weak element inenvironmental impact assessments (EIA). General method development is neededin this respect as support for the authors of analyses ...


In view of practical applications of underwater tracking of moving-targets, the rate mea-sure obtained with sonar is a relative radial rate. It cannot be used directly, and the sensor data are color contaminated. A new moving target tracking algorithm with an extended measurement vector (i.e. relative radial rate) and an extended state vector is proposed in this paper to improve steady-state estimation accuracy and convergence rate. A new experimental scheme of tracking multi-target in a water-tank environment is presented. Comparison of performance between the proposed method and the measurement conditioned (MC) approach is given. The results show that there is significant improvement in the tracking capability over MC method.


The smoke and dust discharged by an erecting kiln is the most serious pollution to the environment in the cement production.The technology of dust removal will be the key to solve this problem.Through discussing on the dust removal technology of several erecting cement kiln in our nation,this article aims at carrying out induction of and comparison between the common dust removal technology in cement industry,to optimize the project scheme design and offer help for further development of the dust removal technology.


This book has appeared at an opportune time. As media coverage increases for female chief executive officers such as Meg Whitman at eBay and Anne Mulcahy at Xerox, it may appear to some that the postfeminist argument is right—an equal playing field has been established in which women have the same opportunities at work that men have. However, the authors of these chapters make clear that much work remains before a truly equal playing field can be achieved. The editors begin this book with the question, "Is the glass ceiling still relevant?" By the end, I was left with the conclusion that many aspects are still relevant, but more importantly, I was encouraged to think differently about what the glass ceiling is and what it means to the working experiences of contemporary women.


The persistent usage of relational data leads to a huge data growth. This immense growth requires faster access and analysis of data. This can be done by either fragmenting the data or by scanning less amount of data as in data blocking and skipping. Data Summarization describes data in a compact way, such that when a query gets executed it only needs to scan the summary of the block and not the entire block to identify which block to scan. Some of the static data summarization techniques such as MinMax, Global Range Encoding (GRE), and Fingerprint Headers are evaluated in this work. The experiment is performed on a benchmark TPC-H dataset, which is a business-oriented dataset. The identified evaluation parameters are: Query Excecution Time (QET) and Percentage of Tuples Skipped. The evaluation is further investigated in terms of Algorithm Execution Time (AET). The QET of Fingerprint Headers is less compared to other techniques as these techniques scans less data compared to the rest of techniques. AET for data sizes x, 1.5x, and 2x is recorded and it is observed that GRE, and two-level Fingerprint Headers records highest AET. This is due to the number of partitions generated by these techniques. Two-level Fingerprint Headers skip the highest number of tuples i.e. 76% as compared to Full Scan as these techniques scan less amount of data.


This is a response to a comment by Larry Bumpass on the authors 1985 article concerning the proportion of children in the United States who spend time in a one-parent family. The author compares her analysis and results with those of Bumpass and discusses procedural differences in projecting the experiences of children born in 1980. Areas for future work are suggested. (ANNOTATION)