Background and Purpose: Global references continue to suggest that, Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in healthcare service delivery has brought with it great advancements. In developing countries, various ICTs and healthcare initiatives/ policies have been put in place to address challenges of providing equitable health care and improving the quality of health care services in a cost efficient manner. Although in Africa the advent of e-health has offered an exciting opportunity to reduce or control the growing healthcare inequity, a lot still needs to be done in drawing up the appropriate strategies to narrow the disparities in the access to healthcare delivery information (Kifle and Mbarika, 2006). These disparities have led to the coinage of the term "health divide", meaning the gap existing in the access to healthcare information using ICTs between those who have access to healthcare and those who do not have (Mbarika and Samake, 2005). South Africa has implemented initiatives addressing such disparities however; all has not been well with most of these initiatives as they have failed to achieve their anticipated objectives. This therefore, calls for effective e-health strategies to ensure the full exploitation of the benefits it brings towards narrowing of the health divide. This article therefore outlines the research question as: What are the effective strategies of narrowing the health divide in developing countries? Purpose: To identify those factors or variables imperative to drawing up strategies for narrowing the health divide using ICTs within the public healthcare sector in a developing country context, in this case South Africa. Research Methodology: Data was gathered using literature analysis, key informant interviews and government websites on health. Data analysis methods used on survey data include, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and factor analysis. Results: Exhausting all the variables towards narrowing the health divide is very complex. However, findings suggest that there is need to attend to socio-technical, economic, and political issues to address this problem. Issues noted were, the failure of the public sector to keep pace with the private sector technologically, poor funding, lack of policy makers, poor infrastructure, unskilled personnel amongst many other issues. Conclusion: Proper planning for ICT deployment can bear tremendous results in narrowing the health divide. However, there is need to engage a diverse group of health professionals and policy makers including the public.


In this work, we propose a spin nano-oscillator (SNO) device where information is encoded in the phase (time-shift) of the output oscillations. The spin current required to set up the oscillations in the device is generated through spin pumping from an input nanomagnet that is precessing at RF frequencies. We discuss the operation of the SNO device, in which either the in-plane (IP) or out-of-plane (OOP) magnetization oscillations are utilized toward implementing ultra-low-power circuits. Using physical models of the nanomagnet dynamics and the spin transport through non-magnetic channels, we quantify the reliability of the SNO device using a "scaling ratio". Material requirements for the nanomagnet and the channel to ensure correct logic functionality are identified using the scaling ratio metric. SNO devices consume (2-5)× lower energy compared to CMOS devices and other spin-based devices with similar device sizes and material parameters. The analytical models presented in this work can be used to optim...


Abstract Background It has recently been attempted in the literature to analyze the aesthetic outcomes of syndactyly web space reconstruction utilizing dorsal pentagonal advancement flaps and dorsal rectangular flaps with skin grafting. The study utilized a categorical grading system for evaluating the aesthetic outcomes of reconstruction to be used in conjunction with a visual analog scale (VAS), which has yet to be validated in the assessment of aesthetic outcomes following web space reconstruction. Objectives To utilize crowdsourced public perceptions to validate the grading of aesthetic outcomes in web space reconstruction for finger syndactyly. Methods A prospective study was conducted of random volunteers recruited through an internet crowdsourcing service to gain responses for a survey to analyze patient opinions toward the aesthetic outcomes of web space reconstruction. Outcomes were graded based on descriptions of the appearance, color, matte, and distortion of the reconstruction. Results The excellent dorsal flap demonstrated a mean VAS score of 6.66 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.45-6.87), and the very good, good, and poor dorsal flaps had mean VAS scores of 5.94 (95% CI = 5.73-6.15), 4.98 (95% CI = 4.77-5.19), and 3.55 (95% CI = 3.31-3.79), respectively. The odds ratio for receiving an excellent rating was 4.21 (95% CI = 3.04-5.82) for excellent dorsal flap with P < 0.0001. Conclusions This study confirms and validates the assessment of aesthetic outcomes of web space reconstruction by the Yuan Grading Scale. This evidence may guide future practice such that recommendations can be made to align with the aesthetic preferences of the patient.


Background: This study is used to compare the effects between three different INSUGEAST preparations (preps) (recombinant insulin from yeast cells) in management of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and its complications. The preps were extracted from modified genetically saccharomyces cerviciae on culture pure camel milk (PC), partial pure camel milk (PPC) and specific media (SP) parallel with insulin stander (ST). Also the study extended to evaluate the difference in effect of the aforementioned INSUGEAST preps in three forms, regular, biphasic and recombinant in yeast cells against the stability and severity of hyperglycemia. Method: IDDM was induced in female albino rats by intraperitoneal injection (i.p) of a single dose 70mg/kg/B.wt of streptozotocin (STZ) in citrate buffer. The diabetic rats were classified into two groups; the 1 group divided into 5 equal subgroups, four subgroups, each was injected subcutaneously (s.c) by PC, PPC, SP and St respectively, in the biphasic form, in a dose of 4.2 IU/kg/B.wt for 3weeks.The 5 subgroup was considered as the diabetic control (STZ), in addition to 6 normal rats was used as free control group (C). The 2 group divided as the same as in 1 group but the INSUGEAST preps used involve little protamine zinc or in the regular form in addition to other 2 subgroups, each of them treated orally either with an amount of yeast (Y) containing insulin equivalent to 4.2 IU/kg/B.wt or added to it specific additive (YA) and treated for the same period. Blood glucose level either fasting (FBG) or after 2h from glucose and insulin loading were measured weekly for all groups. Biochemical assays to ascertain diabetic complications resemble in hepatorenal dysfunction included: aminotransferase aspartate (AST) and alanate (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatinine (Creat) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN); hyperlipidemia indicators included: total cholesterol (T-Ch), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-Ch), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-Ch) and triglycerides (TG) were measured at the end of the experimental schedule. The result of this study showed that: 1Blood glucose level in 1 group was markedly decreased after insulin injection in all different preps and similar to the effect of insulin standard. 2The hepato-renal dysfunction and hyperlipidemea induced by STZ injection, showed significant improvements after INSUGEAST preps (biphasic form), especially with insulin prepared on PPC and PC media. 3INSUGEAST preps on the 2 group (regular form, in the yeast) decrease the level of FBG significantly only at 1 week of treatment, their reduction effect decrease, the severity of hyperglycemia Bull. Egypt. Soc. Physiol. Sci. 31 (2) 2011 Elsisi & Elgamal 104 increase, animals could not survive and mortality rate increase 4The diabetic complications (hepato-renal dysfunction, hyperlipidemia) increased in all groups of this part and not showed any improvements. 5Histopathological study made on pancreas, liver and kidney tissues conform the present finding. Conclusion: The INSUGEAT preps in biphasic form had the more potent effect in management of STZinduced IDDM and its complications. These effects were pronounced in PC and PPC preps and to a lesser extend in SP prep.


A formant estimation scheme combining the advantageous features of correlation and cepstral domains, which is capable of handling the adverse effect of observation noise was investigated. A residue-based least squares optimization technique based on a model-fitting approach was introduced in order to obtain formant frequencies from noisy observations. Simulations were carried out to estimate formant frequencies from synthetic and natural speech signals under noisy conditions. The human vocal-tract system was represented by a P-th order AR system with a transfer function. A formant frequency estimation scheme based on a new ramp cepstrum model was developed which is capable of efficiently handling the noisy environment. The once-repeated ACF was employed which can significantly reduce the effect of noise in the correlation domain. It was observed that the proposed method provides an accurate formant frequency estimate even at a low level of SNR.


This paper introduced the situation of reactive power compensation technique and analyzed the questions in the technique. The principles of the reactive power optimization compensation were also given out. The intelligent reactive power compensation was illuminated at last.


The rising amount of construction and demolition wastes (C & DWs) is triggering serious environmental and social problems globally. This study conducted an experimental investigation of basalt fiber (BF)-reinforced concrete with recycled aggregates (RAs) sourced from C & DWs. The flexural strength, the flexural to compressive strength ratio, and the drying shrinkage are set as indicators for the evaluation of the coupling effect of BF and RA in concrete. Results show that BF generated a significant effect on the flexural strength until the BF dosage was no higher than 1%. The excessive mixing amount of BF, though it still contributed to a positive effect on elevating the flexural strength, was of a reduced utility. Regarding the flexural to compressive strength ratio (denoted as ratio), BF and RA jointly produced a positive synergistic effect. In addition, the BF was verified as competent in curbing the adverse effect of RA incorporation upon the drying shrinkage. Relative to the benchmark concrete which contains 100% RA and no BF, 1% BF contributed to a 31.6% reduction in the drying shrinkage. The results prove that BF reinforcement is a feasible and promising approach to curb the drawbacks of RA concrete.


Although green strategies are advocated, not all organizations follow the environmentally friendly rules as they claim. The term of greenwashing is applied to organizations that exaggerate their efforts in protecting the environment and provide misleading information about the greenness of their service. Employees may undertake unethical pro-organizational behaviors (e.g., greenwashing), when they are equipped with less environmentally friendly products. This investigation explores the mechanism of psychological contract fulfillment affecting greenwashing behavior in the hospitality context. We use a mixed-method approach and conduct two studies by collecting both quantitative and qualitative data. Findings suggest that psychological contract fulfillment increases the level of greenwashing behavior, with moral disengagement playing a mediating role. Further, an ethical climate moderates the relation between psychological contract fulfillment and moral disengagement; specifically, when employees work in a team with a high-level ethical climate, the positive relation between psychological contract fulfillment and moral disengagement is weakened. This research deepens the existing insight into the mechanism of influencing service workers' greenwashing behaviors.


Purpose – The main purpose of the paper is to present a framework for the development of performance‐based service strategies for the oil and gas industry in Norway. The framework considers various influencing factors and their attributes, as well as performance factors categorized as critical success factors, performance killers and cost drivers.Design/methodology/approach – A case study has been conducted to map current practices, to validate the influencing factor attributes, and to suggest performance factors. Data have been collected through an e‐mail questionnaire, face‐to‐face interviews, available documents from the industry and a literature survey.Findings – Operators of complex oil and gas production facilities are becoming increasingly dependent on service providers to support their efforts to perform according to demands. When developing a performance‐based service strategy one needs to consider influencing factors and attributes. Furthermore, one needs to measure the service delivery process ...


The Parry-Romberg syndrome, or progressive facial hemiatrophy, was first described by Parry in 1825 and Romberg in 1846. It is a disease of unknown origin 1 that usually develops in the first or second decade of life 2 . Females are more affected than males in a ratio of 1.5:1.0. It is rarely found bilaterally 3 , affecting only one hemiface in 95% of cases. The aim of this study was to elucidate a clinical case difficult to diagnose of a rare syndrome with no definitive treatment, only aesthetic. The 39-year-old female patient had developed a white spot on the left side seven years earlier that migrated onto the rest of her face. For approximately the past one and half years it has progressed as a mild facial atrophy involving skin and muscle in the left zygomatic maxillary region. The Parry-Romberg syndrome is a rare disease of slow progression that affects the tissues of the face, being difficult to diagnose and lacking any definitive treatment. Descriptors: Syndrome; Facial Hemiatrophy; atrophy


This paper describes a new method for blind speech separation (BSS) of convolutive mixtures. Our approach is based on a widely used speech enhancement method called beamforming. We utilize this technique for BSS by combining a beamformer and a time-frequency binary mask (TFBM) in one system. We propose two different approaches using the same basis but with a different setup. The first approach is designed for (over-)determined configurations, i.e. the number of sensors is equal to or greater than the number of sources. The second approach is designed for underdetermined configurations, i.e. the sources outnumber the sensors. Experimental results show that the proposed approach provides better results than the sole use of a conventional TFBM or a conventional beamformer.


History.—I. O. D., a girl, aged 12, was referred to the Memorial Hospital, Richmond, on Aug. 31, 1932, by Dr. S. P. Hileman, of Millboro, Va., because of frontal headache, progressive loss of vision, and drowsiness. Headache was first noticed six months previously, being occasional and not accompanied by nausea or vomiting ; school work was continued. The school nurse found subnormal vision and advised refraction. Glasses were fitted in June by Dr. Frank Wysor, of Clifton Forge, Va., who furnished the following notes : "My records show that I. O. D. was sent to me for refraction on May 31, 1932, and that her vision at that time was 20/40. Under atropine cycloplegia her error was found to be + 0.75 sphere with + 0.75 cylinder axis 90 degrees in each eye, and vision was improved to 20/30 plus. Nothing pathologic was noted in the fundi. No check-up of the visual fields


The present study aims to compile an extended input-output table to analyze employment effects of the introduction of solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind power generation technologies. Based on 2005 input-output table for Japan, the extended input-output table is constructed by creating new sectors related to the two above generation technologies and adding direct employment requirements in all the sectors. The extended input-output table allows for estimating direct and indirect employment required over the life cycle (manufacturing, construction, and operation & maintenance) of PV and wind power generation technologies. Using the extended table, life cycle employments induced by the introduction of PV and wind power generation technologies are estimated to be 2.8 and 0.69 person/GWh, respectively. Also, about 30% and 35% of life cycle employments for PV and wind power are roughly generated overseas, respectively.


differentiation of healthy and cadmium exposed workers. PNP-GIcNAc easily differentiates these groups whereas the CPR-GIcNAc method leads to some overlap. The relative activities of CPRGlcNAc and PNP-GlcNAc are given as 1:3' 82 by Meier et al:" and as I :2· 38.5 If it is assumed that the ratio is approximately I :3 then CPR-GlcNAC has only 15070 of the sensitivity of VRA-GIcNAC (ratio I: 6·5), a fact which users should bear in mind. A further problem is encountered with the kinetic assay namely the effect of urea. lung and Priem suggest (see their Fig. 2) that at approximately 830 mM urea, there is approximately 87070 of activity remaining, in contrast Klein7 notes that only 80070 is left at 833 mM urea. We reported" that the inhibition is increased at higher pH values at which uncompetitive inhibition occurs to a greater extent. In summary, VRA-GIcNAc is a sensitive, readily water soluble substrate which operates at the pH optimum of the enzyme and at saturation. It therefore meets all the customary requirements for a precision enzyme assay without the need for the pretreatment of the urine. R G PRICE Biochemistry Section, Division of Life Sciences, King's College, Campden Hill Road, London W8 7AH, UK


57 ABSTRACT A process for the production of sugars, and optionally cellulose and lignin, from lignocellulosic vegetable ma terials which comprises subjecting the vegetable materi als to a chemical pretreatment with a mixture of water and lower aliphatic alcohols and/or ketones at a ten perature from 100" to 190° C. for a period of from 4 hours to 2 minutes with control of the breakdown of the hemicellulose components followed by separation of residue and a subsequent main chemical treatment with a similar solvent mixture at elevated temperatures for a further period of from 6 hours to 2 minutes.


Motivated by the performance degradation of High-degree Cubature Kalman Filtering (HCKF) in coping with randomly delayed measurements in non-Gaussian system, a novel robust filtering named as Randomly Delayed High-degree Cubature Huber-based Filtering (RD-HCHF) is proposed in this paper. At first, the system model is re-written by the Bernoulli random variables to describe the randomly delayed measurements. Then, the Randomly Delayed HCKF (RD-HCKF) is derived based on the rewritten system model and 5th-degree spherical-radial cubature (SRC) rule. In order to enhance the robustness of the filter in glint noise case, the measurement update of RD-HCKF is modified by the Huber technique, which is essentially an M-estimator. Therefore, the proposed RD-HCHF is not only robust to the randomly delayed measurements, but also robust to the glint noise. In addition, the RD-HCHF is applied to the ballistic target tracking in boost phase, and the Gravity-Turn (GT) model is taken as the target model. Finally, the simulation is conducted and the tracking performance of RD-HCHF is compared with that of HCKF, RD-HCKF and High-degree Cubature Huber-based Filtering (HCHF). The results clearly confirm the superiority of the RD-HCHF.


In this study to allocate the agricultural and environmental water, considering virtual water concept, a multi-objective optimization model based on NSGA-II is developed. The objectives consist of equity maximization, agricultural benefit maximization for each region, maximization of green water utilization and finally minimization of environmental shortage. Then a cooperative game (Grand Coalition) model is presented by forming all possible coalitions. By the game model including Nucleolus, Proportional Nucleolus, Normal Nucleolus and Shapley methods, the benefit is reallocated based on all Pareto optimal solutions obtained from multi-objective optimization model. Then using two famous fallback bargaining methods, Unanimity and q-Approval, preferable alternative (solution) for each of the cooperative games is determined. Finally, based on the obtained benefit for each selected alternatives, the two most beneficial alternatives are chosen. The proposed methodology applied for water allocation of Minoo-Dasht, Azad-Shahr and Gonbad-Kavoos cities in Golestan province, Iran for a 3-year period as a case study. Also, eight crops including Wheat, Alfalfa, Barley, Bean, Rice, Corn, Soya, and Cotton are selected based on local experts' recommendations. The models' results indicated no significant difference between the grand coalition model and the multi-objective optimization model in terms of the average cultivation area (a relative change of 2.1%), while lower agricultural water allocation occurred for the grand coalition model (about 10.35 percent average) compared with the multi-objective optimization model. It is also observed that more agricultural benefit gained by the grand coalition model (32 percent average). Finally, it is found that Wheat and Corn hold the most rates of import and export, respectively, and Rice was the crop which has the least shortage of production to supply food demand.


High reflectivity,effective pulse temporal control and high phase fidelity of the main characters of stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS) are experimentally and theoretically investigated by single-cell and two-cell phase conjugating.Moreover,good experiment results are obtained in MOPA system with SBS phase conjugating.


Explore the possibilities, difficulties, and benefits of large scale rainwater harvesting using recycled water distribution systems. This paper explores the growing use of recycled water and the possibilities that distribution systems have created. It investigates water quality of rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems and the quality of recycled water and their uses. It examines the amount of rain water available using aproximatly 10% of available roof area in the city and examines the benefits of large scale rainwater harvesting unique to San Antonio. An exhaustive search of published materials was conducted, coupled with communications with the Texas Water Development Board and the San Antonio Water System. Quality standards for recycled water were compared with known test results for harvested rainwater. With the use of mathematical models, a distributed rainwater harvesting systems was compared to a stand alone system. Connection to a distribution system reduces the cost of rainwater harvesting by eliminating the need for large amounts of storage, which can account for 50% of the total costs of a standalone system. With minor filtering and periodic quality checks, large structures may supply sufficient amounts of rainwater to justify being a source of water in a recycled water distribution system.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


A novel monolithic shift register consisting of tunnel MIS switching diode arrays is proposed, in which gold and molybdenum electrodes overlapping in part are arranged in close vicinity on thin oxides formed on an n on p+silicon epitaxial wafer. Directional shift with two-phase clocks is achieved by making use of unsymmetric electrode configurations and current coupling effects between adjacent elements together with the difference in the sustain voltages of ON states between the two metals. Both ten and twenty-bit devices have functioned as designed. The margins in the driving conditions depend on the unsymmetry in the electrodes. The maximum operation frequency of 3 MHz has been attained which is limited by the CR time constant. The proposed register can be realized with very simple fabrication processes which involve no impurity diffusion.


Post-Olympics reflections have been in full-flight. The games are one of the most international events the planet gets to see. Athletes of the world travel to a common place to compete. The competitors, media and watching public are exposed to the globality of the human race. There's no better chance to be aware of others beyond our national boundaries, or even to feel a global consciousness.

But what has happened? The UK media focused on British athletes, their events, and their medal ceremonies, rather than an even-handed range of competitions. There was a wave of patriotism and national pride at the management of the London games and the success of Team GB.


The absence of a polymer-coat along with fast drug absorption represent the benchmark counterpart of the favourable clinical profile of a new polymer-free biolimus A9-eluting stent (PF-BES), also when used with a very short dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) strategy. Its current use in the real-world setting has not been thoroughly assessed.

 We evaluated contemporary patterns of indications, DAPT strategies and outcomes for the PF-BES.

 FREEDOM is a multicenter registry including all patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with at least one PF-BES at 10 italian sites. Reasons for PF-BES PCI and planned antithrombotic regimen at discharge were collected. Primary outcomes were the 390-day Kaplan Meier estimates of a patient-oriented composite endpoint (POCE: death, any myocardial infarction [MI] or any target vessel revascularization [TVR]) and of a device-oriented composite endpoint (DOCE: cardiac death, target vessel-MI or ischemia-driven target lesion revascularization [ID-TLR]). The independent outcomes predictors were assessed through multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis.

 Between January 2016 and July 2018, 858 patients (age: 74±10 years, 64.6% males, 58.7% acute coronary syndrome presentation) underwent PF-BES PCI. Main reasons for PF-BES physician's choice were advanced age (26.0%), oral anticoagulation (OAT) to be continued after PCI (25.3%), operator preference for PF-BES (9.9%), planned major surgery (8.6%), cancer (8.6%), anemia (7.9%) and recent bleeding (7.0%). Overall, the operator choice to implant a PF-BES reflected a perceived high bleeding risk in 77.7% of patients. At discharge, 99.2% of patients were on DAPT, 19.5% on triple therapy, and 0.8% on single antiplatelet therapy plus OAT. Planned DAPT duration was 1-month in 40.3% of patients, with 33.8% of these being on triple therapy. At 390-day follow-up (median 340 days, interquartile range: 187–390 days) the incident estimate of POCE was 13.1% (any MI 3.7%, any TVR 3.4%) and of DOCE was 7.1% (TV-MI 3.6%, ID-TLR 1.4%); while 390-day estimate of any bleeding event was 11.1% (BARC 3–5 bleeding 3.0%). Independent predictors of 390-day POCE were eGFR≤60 ml/min (HR 1.81; 95% CI 1.09–3.04, p=0.028), a history of cancer (HR 2.62; 95% CI 1.43–4.81, p=0.002) and severely calcified lesion/s (HR 2.05; 95% CI 1.09–3.85, p=0.025). Independent predictors of DOCE were a previous MI (HR 2.06; 95% CI 1.03–4.15, p=0.041), a history of cancer (HR 2.69; 95% CI 1.18–6.13, p=0.019) and bifurcation lesion/s (HR 2.66; 95% CI 1.38–5.13, p=0.004).

 In a large, contemporary all-comers registry, the main reasons for PF-BES use reflected in most cases the operator-perceived high bleeding risk of the patient. Following PF-BES PCI, a very-short DAPT strategy was frequently implemented. The outcomes observed in this registry suggest a favorable safety and efficacy profile for the PF-BES in a real-world clinical setting.


Photometric procedures of monitoring the content of adenine synthesis intermediate products were developed and optimum conditions of air sample analysis and selection determined. Thus it became possible to establish general exposure levels for (phenylazo) malondinitryl and 4,5,6 triaminopyrimidine sulfate, sensitivity of determination being 0.25 mg/l.


The author describes the principal design features of Long Key highway bridge in Florida together with the production and erection of precast segments and post-tensioning operations.


The aim of this study was to develop sample preparation method and evaluate the exact cholesterol content in egg and eggpowder purchased from Korean markets, and to determine whether significant differences exist among various egg prod-ucts, since a variety of products are available in Korean markets and there are no recent databases for cholesterol. To eval-uate the cholesterol content in chicken egg sold in Korean local market, a simple method using non-heated saponification todetermine cholesterol for emulsified foods was applied. The results of recovery for egg and egg powder were in a range of92.4-105.0%, with a relative standard deviation between 1.1% and 2.8% by using gas chromatography-flame ionizationdetector. Therefore, the total cholesterol content in whole egg was estimated between 160.8 and 226.3 mg/egg (AV(average)186.8±3.5), which is similar or lower than previously reported levels. The value for cholesterol in egg powder was estimatedbetween 2.94 and 3.49 mg/g (AV 3.23±0.15). We suggested method that can be applicable to chicken egg and egg powdermatrix as providing rapid and accurate determination of cholesterol in egg and egg powder. This information will be helpfulfor processed food producers for deciding food labels of cholesterol content.Key words: egg, egg powder, cholesterol, non-heated saponification, gas chromatography


There is no such thing as overwork or overstudy as an only cause of a nervous breakdown. Patients may have a lot of work to do, they may have a good deal of worry in carrying out that work; but overwork is not the cause of a nervous breakdown. There is usually a worry of some sort which has to be investigated, and when discovered will help greatly to secure a complete recovery. It is no good sending a patient away for a holiday before solving this known (or unknown) anxiety. Once the anxiety is settled, the patient improves rapidly on holidays. Patients will sometimes improve in any case, but very often not at all satisfactorily unless this discovery is made.


In order to assess the bacteriological pollution (Total Coliforms, Fecal Coliforms and Faecal Streptococci) contained in effluents from hospital wastewater we used a statistical method called Principal Component Analysis coupled with the physical-chemical parameters (temperature (T), potential of hydrogen (pH), electrical conductivity (Cond), salinity (Sal), turbidity (Tur), redox potential (P. red), dissolved O2 (O2), TDS, chlorine (Cl), biological oxygen demand (BOD5) , chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended matter (SPM) and Nitrogen (AZ). A principal component analysis (PCA) of all the data obtained on the waters of the provincial hospital in Sidi Kacem, collected during twelve sampling campaigns on the sampling site, based on six hours (8am 10am -12pm 2pm-4pm -6pm) and depending on rest days (Saturday, Sunday and holidays or there are less activity) and working days.For the rest days, the first axis explains F1 (51.58%) of the variance , it is mainly due to the BOD5, COD, TSS, conductivity, salinity, while the second axis F2 represents (24.46 %) of the variance, it appeared because of the presence of the measured bacteriological parameters and especially total and fecal coliforms. For the days of working, the first axis F1 explains (83.30 %) of the variance, it gives us many information, it is mainly due to all measured bacteriological parameters, while the second axis represents F2 (7.94%) of the variance, it shows the presence of TDS, temperature and conductivity and especially in these times 12pm and 2pm during the working days. From the results obtained it can be seen that the rate of bacteriological and physic -chemical pollution exceeds standards recommended by CNS (1994) and WHO (1996, 1997).


In the contemporary world, advertising is presented to researchers multifaceted phenomenon. A number of field of sciences are engaged in its study: journalism, sociology, psychology, economics, Public Relations(PR), etc. The variety of approaches and methods of studying the phenomenon of advertising proves its versatility and at the same time the complexity of its study. Advertising as a complex socio-cultural phenomenon affecting all spheres of public life has recently increasingly found itself in the center of scientific comprehension. The question of its study is becoming important for a wide range of humanities. The national–cultural and linguistic research of advertising is acquiring significant significance at the present time. At the cultural level the modern advertising makes a great deal on the current business affairs.


Our Party and country lay special emphasis on the university students' thoughts education , which is a strategic policy relevant to our county' s future . In combination with the learning and carrying out the spirit of concerning documents by the Party' s central committee, the Ministry of Education and the Educational Committee of JiangXi province, to reach a common understanding, clearly define an aim and combine the working reality to improve the aiming and efficiency of the university students' thoughts education. The author puts forward new working ways to set up new ideas, explore new law and start new methods.


There have been represented the peculiarities of YAG laser discission of secondary cataract at children. There have been analyzed the results of YAG discission in 98 children. As a result of it there have been established that laser discission of secondary cataract performed on Nd: YAG ophthalmologic system model 3000 LE is safe, highly effective and allows raising vision at children with secondary cataract.


Every day we see accidents outside the building of the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering of Technological University of Cyprus where there is a crossroad point.
At this point one of the two drivers is required to make a stop. The vision that driver has, is not sufficient to decide whether to cross the road.
The aim of this project is the construction of a system which will warn the driver if a car coming from the vertical road. This was achieved by using motion sensor which detect the passing vehicle and a microprocessor which trigger a warning light for a specific time. The system is autonomous without the need of feed network.
As part of this study, the design and construction of this system was tested and verified the correct operation.


Introduction: Full crown preparation may have adverse effects on pulp tissue. In this study, the effect of full-crown preparation on intact versus inflamed pulp tissue was studied. Methods: Fifteen healthy mature cats were randomly selected for this study. The study was performed on four canine teeth of each cat. Cats were anesthetized and then radiographs were taken from the canine teeth. Class V cavities were prepared in cat canine teeth. Soft decayed dentin was placed on the floor of cavities and sealed. After 1 month, all of the samples prepared for crown fabrication. Before crown preparation, an impression was taken in a custom tray. During crown preparation, the remnants of carious dentin were removed and undercuts were sealed by glass-ionomer. After preparation, self-cured acrylic temporary crowns were fabricated in a direct procedure and cemented permanently by glass-ionomer. One week later, teeth of the opposite jaw were prepared in a similar procedure. After 2 months, vital perfusion performed and the pulp tissue was histologically examined. Results: There was no significant difference between 4 groups, regarding to histologic status of the pulp. In healthy lower jaw, inflammation was the most frequent but in the other groups, necrosis was most frequent. Also, there was no significant difference between the upper jaw and the lower jaw groups regarding to the frequency of necrosis and inflammation. Conclusion: There is no significant difference between intact and inflamed groups regarding the frequency of necrosis and inflammation.


Patterns provide a vocabulary and catalog for common design solutions but are not reusable software. Through advanced object-oriented language mechanisms it is possible to simplify the application developer's job by turning certain patterns into fully reusable solutions


ABSTRACT This study investigates the financial risk exposure and the volatility shocks persistence of market and technology stock excess returns in Malaysia. Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) methodology has been employed in studying the relation between excess returns and their volatility as well as the relation between excess returns and financial risks, namely interest rate and exchange rate risks. The results of this study indicate that excess return volatility, interest rate risk and exchange rate risk are not significantly priced in the market and technology stock excess returns. However, technology excess returns are found to have higher volatility shocks persistence than the market excess returns. In general, stringent policy on the stock market after the 1997 financial crisis as well as the pegging of exchange rate and stable interest rate policy could have attributed to the insignificance of excess return volatility, exchange rate risk and interest rate risk in determining the above excess returns. Meanwhile, weaker shock absorbing capability in technology portfolio could be due to low investment diversification since technology portfolio only consists of technology stocks. Keywords: Technology stock; Volatility; GARCH. I. INTRODUCTION It has been long recognized that advancement in technology is a key factor in the progress and growth of the world economy. In view of the global developing trend of technology, the Malaysian government has paid much attention to its domestic technology sector. Investments in the electronics, computers and telecommunication industries had been increased significantly in the 1990s. As an effort to further enhance the growth of technology-based companies, the technology sector was introduced in the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE) during the period. The establishment of the technology sector in KLSE is important to assist investors in identifying technologically innovative companies, as well as to encourage technologically innovative companies to seek funding from the public. According to the government's broad description, the business growth and success of a technology company must depend on its ability to develop technology, or on its ability to significantly innovate and apply technology, resulting in incremental improvements in processed and/or value-added products and services to the economy. A technology company, accordingly, must invest in research and development (R&D) and have a dedicated team of qualified R&D personnel. The technology involved could be a new or emerging one in Malaysia but it could also be a matured technology, or a technology which could have existed for some time in a more advanced country. Technology companies can be from various economic sectors but with the common feature of being technologically innovative. The recent 1997 Asian financial crisis has brought to a change in the Malaysian economic environment. Undoubtedly, the performance of technology-based companies is sensitive to the macroeconomic factor as the profits and the level of investment in the technology industries relies much on the general economy climate of the country. Figures 1 and 2 depict the daily movements of KLSE Composite Index (CI) and KLSE Technology Index (TI) from 1 June 2000 to 29 May 2002 respectively. The KLSE Composite Index is generally accepted as the local stock market barometer and it also represents the flow of the general economic fundamental in the country. In general, both of the indices seemed to increase steadily after April 2001, showing that the technology sector prospered as the economy progressed. Unfortunately, the Malaysian stock market had been severely affected by the 1997 financial crisis. Capital control, exchange rate pegging and significant interest rate reduction might have altered the stock - macroeconomic fundamental relationship including the risk-return tradeoff. …


This article extends Wacquant's theorization of how state institutions confine, control and punish racialized poor groups, arguing that a central modality for managing urban marginality occurs thro...


The issue of world income inequality has been debated widely in the literature. At issue is whether inequality has, on the whole, been increasing or decreasing over time. I reexamine results from Firebaugh's (1999) seminal article on demographic e?ects on inequality, in which he found a 30-year "plateau" of world income inequality when countries are weighted based on their populations. In contrast, I show that the increasing integration of market economies over the past decades has been re?ected in dramatically increasing international inequality. "Inequality" as currently measured, however, may bear little resemblance to a naive under-standing of the term. I conclude with some preliminary ?gures from an alternate characterization of convergence and divergence, based on world-systems categories.


Large optical nonlinearities from molecular reorientation are observed in freely suspended films of tilted layered smectic-C liquid crystals. Unlike the nematic case, smectic-C molecules are restricted to reorienting about the layer normal. The light interacts with the light-induced dipole, producing an optical torque on the molecules. Within the 100-molecular layer film, a region is reoriented, producing an elastic torque which balances the optical torque. As the linear light polarization angle is changed, the optical torque varies. Thermal effects are negligible, since the intensity is fixed. Above a threshold intensity, there are two stable configurations for the same polarization angle. The reorientation is found by measuring the phase shift of the central region with a weak probe beam. A simple torque-balance model explains all the observed behavior.


Plants of Atriplex littoralis L. and Atriplex calotheca (Rafn.). Fries were grown under sodium nitrate and sodium chloride salinity. Concentrations of Na + , K + , Cl − , and NO 3 − , were investigated in leaves and bladder hairs harvested from young leaves. The content of ions in bladder hairs was correlated with concentrations in young leaves. Na + and Cl − concentrations were higher in bladders than in leaves. Accumulation of nitrate in tissues and bladders was observed in plants grown under nitrate salinity. This suggests that in the absence of chloride, nitrate may have an osmotic role


New data on the siliciclastic grain size composition of the Upper Ordovician Blidene Formation in its stratotype region in western Latvia are presented. The formation represents a marly interval at the transition from Keila to Oandu stages, where the succession of deposits has been influenced by essential changes in the depositional regime in the Baltic palaeobasin. The Blidene Formation overlies the organodetrital limestones of the Adze Formation and is succeeded by the organic-rich black shales of the Mossen Formation. It is characterized by a high content (50-85%) of siliciclastic material, increasing upwards. The siliciclastic material consists mainly of clay fraction ( 63 µm), forming less than 5%. The data obtained on the Blidene Formation in western Latvia are compared with earlier data from southern Estonia. The increase in the siliciclastic component of the Ordovician carbonate sequence in Keila time is considered to be related with climatic and sea level changes, and with the changes in the sea bottom topography due to tectonic movements.


In the development of market economy and increasing of integration and globalization became necessary to find new methods, ways and areas of improvement of competitiveness of all businesses. Of particular note in this respect deserves Ukraine's gas transportation system that provides energy and economic security of the State as a whole. Since the pipeline network in Ukraine is one of the oldest and longest among European gas networks, so it innovation and investment development is a determining factor in shaping its competitiveness in the global market. The article reflects the influence model of innovation and investment potential on its competitiveness, and also the relationship between innovation and investment on the basis of what defines the main directions of innovative activities and investments. The study singled out two hierarchical levels of innovation and investment GTS. Result the research shows that the main direction of innovation, which should be used to enhance the competitiveness of the Ukrainian gas transportation system, is considering upgrading it saving measures.


Antibacterial dynamic therapy (ADT) triggered by reactive oxygen species (ROS) is promising for diabetic infectious disease treatment. However, the limited local O2/H2O2 production and post‐treatment inflammation remain long‐standing issues. To address these challenges, a novel H2‐evolving bio‐heterojunction enzyme (Bio‐HJzyme) consisting of graphite‐phase carbon nitride/copper sulfide (CN/Cu2−xS) heterojunction and glucose oxidase (GOx) is created. The Bio‐HJzyme offers glutathione peroxidase (GPx), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) mimetic activities; provides anti‐pathogen properties via programmed light activation; and effectively promotes diabetic wound healing. Specifically, its GPx‐mimetic activity and the presence of GOx significantly enhance the yield of H2O2, which can be catalyzed through POD‐mimetic activity to produce highly germicidal •OH. The H2O2 can also be catalyzed to H2O and O2, assisted by the CAT‐mimetic activity. The catalyzed products can then be catalyzed into germicidal •OH and •O2− under NIR light irradiation, giving enhanced ADT. Further, CN can split water to form H2 under solar light, which dramatically suppresses the inflammation caused by excessive ROS. In vivo evaluation confirms that Bio‐HJzyme promotes the regeneration of diabetic infectious skin through killing bacteria, enhancing angiogenesis, promoting wound bed epithelialization, and reinforcing anti‐inflammatory responses; hence, providing a revolutionary approach for diabetic wounds healing.


Abstract Current strategies to reduce risk of stroke recurrence are reported to be inadequate. This paper reports findings from a qualitative observational study investigating how risk management is practiced in the stroke outpatient clinic. The 'patient-centred' approach has been proposed as a mechanism to improve the quality of health care delivery. It is thought that focusing on patients' wants, needs and preferences is ethically desirable and will lead to improved health outcomes. However risk management strategies are delivered within the broad social and structural limitations of healthcare. Little is known about how these processes influence a patient-centred approach to secondary prevention delivery. This study identified three important influences: medical authority, and its constraints on communication within consultation settings; structural barriers relating to service organization; and expectations of the patient role. Medical authority influenced patients' attempts to voice their concerns and participate in decision-making, and professionals' attempts to focus on patients' priorities. Service structures influenced continuity in service provision and limited professionals' ability to attend to patients' psychosocial concerns. This study raises questions about definitions of patient-centred care and methods for achieving patient-centredness, and highlights tensions between a patient-centred approach and public health goals for risk management.


Abstract Background In the last decades, non-standard employment has grown globally. Especially for own account workers (OAW), this implies the self-management of economic, health and other work-related risks. In the context of COVID19, this management was stressed by lockdowns and the novel health risks imposed by an unknown and highly contagious virus, demanding the incorporation of new knowledge and preventive actions. As part of a six-country multiple case qualitative study on non-standard workers (NSW), we explore their experiences and strategies deployed to protect their health while continuing to work. Methods We performed 40 in-depth interviews to NSWs between October 2020 and February 2021, identified through the PWR online-survey and selected through an intentional sampling strategy according to levels of precarity (high-low), gender (male/female) and age (18-39/40-55). Interviews were analysed through abductive thematic analysis. Results We observed a significant transfer to platform, Uber-like jobs in the delivery of goods during lockdown (n = 7). In the absence of institutional prevention programs and provision of protective equipment, OAWs (n = 13) refer the self-provision of COVID19 prevention to protect themselves and their families while continuing to work, deploying a series of strategies amidst limited understanding of both mode of transmission of the virus and actual effective preventive measures. This had serious consequences for them and their families, expressed in anguish, sense of lack of control, fear, and fragility in the face of a major health risk given their constant potential exposure to the virus, leading to both physical and mental health problems, as well as COVID19 infection. Conclusions The substantial growth worldwide of gig delivery work during lockdowns magnified a pressing public health problem, critically requiring social security for gig and OAWs and the development of more equitable and accessible occupational health for all. Key messages • Substantial growth worldwide of gig delivery work during lockdowns magnified a pressing public health problem. • Social security for gig and OAWs are critically required as well as the development of more equitable and accessible occupational health for all.


High-temperature characteristics of a mid-wavelength infrared detector based on the Maimon-Wicks InAsSb/AlAsSb nBn design indicates that the quantum efficiency does not degrade when the operating temperature increases to above room temperature. However, it was also found that the turn-on bias becomes larger at higher temperatures. This counter-intuitive behavior was originally attributed to the change in the band alignment between the absorber and top contact layers due to Fermi level temperature dependence. Recent analysis shows that this is more likely due to temperature-dependent band bending effects. Dark current mechanism is analyzed based on minority carrier lifetime measurements. The difference between the responsivity and absorption quantum efficiencies is clarified.


Abstract In an increasingly risky socioeconomic environment, management needs to proactively consider brand-related risks. To understand brands as tools for risk management, they need to understand four types of brand risk: brand reputation risk, brand dilution risk, brand cannibalization risk and brand stretch risk. Risk management is not a natural act for brand managers trained in astute execution of the 4 Ps, and contemporary market factors make this more challenging still. With an increasingly polarized society, it is almost impossible for brands to remain untouched by ideologies. In addition, the growth in digital advertising gives brand managers less control over advertising placement and context, and the mandate to keep growing adds executional risk. The more exposed a brand is to brand risk, the more attention this topic will need in the boardroom. To shift a company's marketing philosophy toward risk, it is important to define marketing competences in a broader way, to be self-critical and to be proactive.


To study the effect of loading different exposed crystal surface of CeO2 on MnO2/X catalyst for NH3-SCR reaction, Mn/X, Mn-CeNP/X, Mn-CeNC/X and Mn-CeNR/X catalysts were synthesized by solid state diffusion...


Seismic stratigraphy is basically a geologic ap proach to the stratigraphic interpretation of seis mic data. The unique properties of seismic reflec tions allow the direct application of geologic concepts based on physical stratigraphy. Primary seismic reflections are generated by physical sur faces in the rocks, consisting mainly of stratal (bedding) surfaces and unconformities with ve locity-density contrasts. Therefore, primary seis mic reflections parallel stratal surfaces and un conformities. Whereas all the rocks above a stratal or uniformity surface are younger than those below it, the resulting seismic section is a record of the chronostratigraphic (time-stratigraphic) depositional and structural patterns and not a record of the time-transgressive lithostratigraphy (rock-stratigraphy). Because seismic reflections follow chronostrati graphic correlations, it is not only possible to in terpret postdepositional structural deformation, but also it is possible to make the following types


The transmission control protocol (TCP) has contributed to the tremendous success of the Internet but it also faces many challenges which are becoming more and more significant as the network grows. Although numerous congestion control algorithms have been proposed to improve the performance of TCP in heterogeneous networks, designing a congestion control algorithm that could achieve high utilisation, ensure fairness and maintain stability remains a great challenge. A novel congestion control algorithm named fair TCP (FTCP) has been proposed to mitigate these challenges. FTCP mitigates these challenges through the following strategies: First, increase the round trip time (RTT)-fairness by altering TCP's initial congestion control window (cwnd) and adjusting the cwnd's growth rate to make FTCP flows with different RTTs achieve the same throughput. Secondly, balance the transmission efficiency and TCP-friendliness by dynamically adjusting the aggressiveness of FTCP according to the congestion level of the link. Preliminary experimental evaluations verify that FTCP has obvious advantages in transmission efficiency, RTT-fairness and TCP-friendliness comparing to the state-of-the-art congestion control algorithms.


the subject of women, the Old Norse sources speak notoriously in two voices. One voice tells of "proud" and "independent" women who arrange their own betrothals, dominate their husbands, initiate divorce (and new marriages), spend extravagantly, play an aggressive role in the politics of feud, and so on. The other voice tells a different story: of women given in marriage without their consent, excluded from the judicial and legislative arenas, severely constrained in their use of what small property they are allowed, and so on. Generally speaking, the "powerful" women populate Eddie poetry and the sagas (chiefly the sagas of Icelandic families but also those of Norwegian kings), and the "powerless" women the laws and Sturlunga saga. With Sigurour Nordal's evaluation of the sagas as fiction and the concomitant privileging of the laws and contemporary sagas as history, the "powerful" woman was consigned to the realms of fantasy. If an earlier generation, more trustful of the Icelandic sagas as sources, construed her as the pagan original and the "powerless" woman as the degraded voice of Christianity, the generation of scholars after Sigurour Nordal has exactly reversed the priority. For them, the "powerless" woman is the real one, and the "powerful" woman a medieval fiction. Rolf Heller reads the "powerful" woman as a romantic throwback to the grand figures of heroic legend, while Jenny Jochens suspects her of having been cultivated by the Church as part of a campaign to stabilize consensual, monogamous marriage in the North ("Consent" and "Heroine"). Jochens' s statement of the problem is worth quoting at length:


Abstract This paper concerns the analysis of the structure of bi-contractive projections on spaces of vector valued continuous functions and presents results that extend the characterization of bi-contractive projections given by the first author. It also includes a partial generalization of these results to affine and vector valued continuous functions from a Choquet simplex into a Hilbert space.


It is well kown that Ekeland variational principle is widely used in optimal theory, in optimal theory, mathematics on economics , management and so on. In this paper, we extend Ekeland variational principle to a random metric space, which makes it be suitable for random optimal theory. Then by using the new result we consider the existence of random approximate minimum point for a class of random optimal problem


Objective: It is frequent to find overlapping network meta-analyses (NMAs) on the same topic with differences in terms of both treatments included and effect estimates. We aimed to evaluate the impact on effect estimates of selecting different treatment combinations (i.e. network geometries) for inclusion in NMAs. Design: Multiverse analysis, covering all possible NMAs on different combinations of treatments. Setting: Data from a previously published NMA exploring the comparative effectiveness of 22 treatments (21 antidepressants and a placebo) for the treatment of acute major depressive disorder. Participants: Cipriani et al (2018) explored a dataset of 116 477 patients included in 522 randomized controlled trials. Main outcome measures: For each possible network geometry, we performed a NMA to estimate comparative effectiveness on treatment response and treatment discontinuation for the treatments included (231 between-treatment comparisons). The distribution of effect estimates of between-treatment comparisons across NMAs was computed, and the direction, magnitude, and statistical significance of the 1st and 99th percentiles were compared. Results: 4 116 254 different NMAs concerned treatment response. Among possible network geometries, 172/ 231 (74%) pairwise comparisons exhibited opposite effects between the 1st and 99th percentiles, 57/231 (25%) comparisons exhibited statistically significant results in opposite directions, 118 of 231 (51%) comparisons derived non-robust results in terms of statistical significance at 5% risk and 56/231 (24%) treatment pairs obtained robust results across meta-analyses. Comparisons based on indirect evidence only were associated with greater variability in effect estimates. Comparisons with small absolute values observed in the complete NMA more frequently obtained statistically significant results in opposite directions. Similar results were observed for treatment discontinuation. Conclusion: In this case study we observed that the selection of treatments to be included in a NMA could have considerable consequences on treatment effect estimations. Registration: https://osf.io/mb5dy


Flow control of magnetohydrodynamic flow in a cylindrical spiral channel is studied. Magnetic field strength, voltage and magnetic-force-based rectification are used as the controllers. An axial-symmetric cylindrical spiral channel which helps to control the magnetic flow is designed. The flow is subjected to non-periodic inlet and outlet conditions where the inlet profile of the axial velocity is prescribed along with outflow at the outlet. The magnetic flow is accelerated at the spiral section in the channel with the help of magnetic field. In addition, magnetic field is used to decrease flow kinetic energy loss in the rectification section. The flow control method proposed is effective to increase the magnetic flow kinetic energy. Moreover, applying the proposed flow control method during flow evolution will improve the propulsion performance of the spiral channel.


The many unusual complications of the following case of generalized scleroderma with acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans are of such rarity that it is deemed worthy of recording. This case further illustrates the many and varying manifestations of scleroderma, a disease the pathogenesis of which is obscure and the prognosis of which internists today regard as serious, especially in the generalized form. REPORT OF A CASE History.—Mrs. A. S., a white woman aged 46, was admitted to the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital on Jan. 5, 1944, complaining of a generalized eruption of three years' duration and pains in the joints of two years' duration. Present Illness.—About three years ago a pruritic erythematous and edematous eruption developed on the dorsa of the patient's hands. One week later she became aware of a similar eruption involving the vulva and the perineal and perianal areas. She then


Within the EU-Project AIM (Advanced In-flight Measurement Techniques) the DLR is involved into several flight tests concerning optical measurements of flow parameters with Pressure Sensitive Paint (PSP), InfraRed Technique (IRT), Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and Background Oriented Schlieren technique (BOS) as well as deformation of aircraft structures with the Image Pattern Correlation Technique (IPCT).
During 2008, which is the second year of the project, flight trials with the DLR owned aircrafts VfW 614 ATTAS, Eurocopter EC-135 ACT/FHS and the MBB Bo105 are planned as well as a flight test with an external owned Piaggio P180.
On the VfW614 ATTAS PSP and IRT will be used to measure the surface pressure and temperature distribution in-flight. The aircraft will also be used for ground based measurements of wake vortices by means of BOS and PIV at Flughafen Braunschweig.
Both techniques will also be used to measure the blade tip vortices shedded by the main rotor blades of the MBB Bo105 during a ground test scheduled for February 2008. The BOS measuring system will be integrated into the flying helicopter too.
On the Eurocopter EC-135 ACT/FHS the deformation of the main rotor blades will be measured in-flight by means of IPCT. Therefore a ground test with the helicopter and a test on the Eurocopter Whirltower had been performed to check the performance of the stereoscopic measuring system.
The deformation measurement technique IPCT will also be used to investigate the deformation of the propeller blades of a Piaggio P180 under different flight conditions and to perform in-flight flutter investigations with this aircraft. During the presentation at the MOTAR meeting the measuring systems which will be used for the tests mentioned above will be described briefly.


In this paper, based on binomial formula, a law of genetic inheritance is proposed, and it would have certain reference value for future genetic inheritance research. Besides, a recursive algorithm for recessive inheritance is also proposed. Given any two of the male parent, female parent and filial generation, the genomic information of the third one can be calculated uniquely.


The invention polyamic of the type combining a calcium carbonate nanosized which modify the surface with a silane coupling agent was dispersed in an organic solvent, by the addition of an aromatic dianhydride and an aromatic diamine to the calcium carbonate dispersion as the physical and chemical calcium carbonate relates to a method for producing the acid precursor, a polyimide resin produced by dehydrating condensation of the polyamic acid precursor is heat resistance, mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and scratch resistance is excellent, low coefficient of thermal expansion, a high water and gas permeation preventing properties this is excellent. Polyimide resin according to the present invention may be used for a semiconductor insulating material, flexible circuit boards, semiconductor devices that require a variety of features and characteristics is made of a thin film form, it can be applied to the next generation of transparent display substrate material.


Objective To observe the clinical curative effect of cinobufacini injection in the treatment of primary bronchopulmonary carcinoma.Methods 120 patients with primary bronchopulmonary carcinoma were randomly divided into the control group and treatment group,60 cases in each group.Patients of the control group were treated with the general,symptomatic and dialectical therapy.Patients of the treatment group were given general,symptomatic,dialectical treatment and cinobufacini injection.The curative effect was determined by the standard efficacy of tumor,the survival quality of the patients was judged by the Karnofsky score.The adverse reactions,median survival time and the survival rate were compared between the two groups.Results The effective rate of the control group was 40.0%,that of the treatment group was 56.7%,the difference was statistically significant (x2 =4.034,P < 0.05).By the Karnofsky score,27 patients of the control group were stable,39 patients of the treatment group were stable,the difference was statistically significant(x2 =12.265,P <0.05).Median survival time of the control group was (168 ± 16) d,that of the treatment group was (178 ± 20)d,the difference was statistically significant(x2 =12.265,P < 0.05).One year survival rates of the control group and the treatment group were 5.0%,10.0%,the difference was statistically significant.There was no statistically significant difference between two groups in adverse reactions (P > 0.05).Conclusion Cinobufacini injection can improve the quality of life and prolong survival of patients with primary bronchopulmonary carcinoma.It is effective and safe in clinical application.

Key words:
Cinobufacini injection; Lung neoplasms


In a global community that is no stranger with digital gadgets, a lot of default aspects that are highly praised are sweeping over time, replaced with new nuance, as seen with the rising of individual and independent aspects. At one a point a view, this can be considered as an improvement, though in another point of view this is clearly fallback of our nation's value. This paper focuses on Interpersonal values and actions, communication, collaboration, well and polite attitude, helping others andconnecting with people. While Intrapersonal aspects focuses on diversity, doing reflection, discipline, high work ethic, perseverance, self-contained, and have intrinsic motivation to be considered in preserving national values. These values can strengthen and unite our nation from being threatened by foreign countries so our nation won't be torn and broken. In works of literature of Indonesia, lots of expression of caring attitude, both caring for each other and for the local society are found. In novel " Burung-burung Manyar , the attitude that stands out is caring, which can be deciphered trough behavior of the characters, same with short story Perburuan, Kado Perkawinan , and Jakarta with the attitude most contrast is cooperation mainly seen in the behavior of Pak Pong as also with Indonesian poems which reflects sympathy and empathy attitudes towards the reader which can be found in poetry "Seorang Guru kepada Murid-Muridnya" and "Natal Seorang Buruh Kecil".The method that used to collect data that is; Collaborative discussion, questionnaire, and interview. There are a few synopses of novel, short stories, and poetry that are chosen as materials to develop interpersonal and intrapersonal attitudes in learning literature.The result shows that university students an express interpersonal attitudes and behavior that is communicating politely, collaborating, sincere in helping others, having good connection with each other. While intrapersonal behavior includes; respecting differences, doing reflection, discipline, high work ethic, perseverance, self-contained, and have intrinsic motivation to be considered in preserving national values. Keywords: Fostering values, interpersonal, intrapersonal, appreciation, Literature


Today in many countries of the world there are state programs focused on the cybernation and automation of administrative processes which in turn concern questions of development and deployment of the electronic government. From the beginning of the new millennium and with transition from industrial to post-industrial society with the prevailing services sector and computer technologies work of all government institutions started providing the automated support. The concept of e-government gained huge popularity, and its advance became the main priority of the developed states. The concept «Electronic Government» of modern scientific community is ambiguously. Considering specifics of an origin of this term from English «e-government» that literally means «the electronic state», the author mean the organization of management of all state by means of information support of administrative processes, electronic resources and technical means. In modern English, for example, in international legal documents, in particular in decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, the term «government» is necessary to designation of the state as the political institute in general presented by three branches of the power, and not just the central executive authority (government). At close contact of the state and the citizen, the commercial business sector, non-profit organizations, international concerns and holdings the system of support of the state services in means of remote access became most actual. In Russia the analog system started taking root still in the 1980s of the twentieth century, but the main peak of work on information support of administrative processes of government bodies of the power fell only on 2008. The main objective of research is to analyze the main stages of formation of system of the electronic state in the USSR and the Russian Federation in a chronological order from the moment of emergence of primary idea and finishing with current state.


The universal localisation RΓ(s) at a semiprime ideal S of a left Noetherian ring R was defined and studied by P. M. Cohn. In this note we investigate the interaction between the universal localisation RΓ(s), the Ore localisation at S, and the torsion-theoretic localisation at the injective envelope E(R/S) of the module R(R/S).


The issue of achondroplasia, raised over the last 20 years by Ch. arr. works of the French school is still far from being resolved. We do not yet have any satisfactory information either about the etiology or about the pathogenesis of this disease. Therefore, each studied case of the latter is noteworthy.


'SSYCHOSOMATIC is a new term, but it describes an approach to medicine as old as the art of healing itself. It is not a new specialty but is rather a point of view which applies to all aspects of medicine and surgery. It does not mean eu less study of the soma; it only means more study of the psyche. Its subject matter is founded on the important advances in physical medicine as well as on the biologically oriented psychology of Freud, without whose epochal discoveries no work on psychosomatic medicine could be attempted. It is not a new discovery, but rather a reaffirmation of the ancient principle that the mind and the body are interactive and interdependent, a principle that has always guided the intelligent general practitioner. As a science, psychosomatic medicine aims at discovering the precise nature of this relationship. Allergy and psychosomatic medicine have much in common. The allergic population and the neurotic population are so numerous that they must overlap. Therefore, if for no other reason, these disorders exist together in many people. There are other reasons why allergists and those interested in psychosomatic medicine should be interested in one another's problems. The subjects of allergy and psychosomatic medicine coincide in many ways. Applied in an empirical way for many years, both subjects were established on a firm scientific footing after World War I and both saw a more complete integration into general medicine in World War II. Utilized to some extent by many practitioners, both subjects must become a part of the understanding of all physicians. In order to accomplish this, increased facilities must be established in medical education for undergraduates and graduates. But they have more in common than this. Both have been exploited by irregular practitioners when orthodox medicine has disdained to endorse them, and both have


Given the need for descriptive and increasingly mechanistic morphological analyses, contrast‐enhanced microcomputed tomography (microCT) represents perhaps the best method for visualizing 3D biological soft tissues in situ. Although staining protocols using phosphotungstic acid (PTA) have been published with beautiful visualizations of soft tissue structures, these protocols are often aimed at highly specific research questions and are applicable to a limited set of model organisms, specimen ages, or tissue types. We provide detailed protocols for micro‐level visualization of soft tissue structures in mice at several embryonic and early postnatal ages using PTA‐enhanced microCT.


Relevance to family physicians Bacterial vaginosis represents a change in the complex balance of microflora in the vagina. Infection occurs when there is a relative decrease in lactobacilli (normally 95% of the total floral population) and a corresponding increase in G vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis, and Gram-negative anaerobes. Clinically, the symptoms of BV include a fishy odour (sometimes more pronounced after sexual intercourse), vaginal itch, dyspareunia, and dysuria. Discharge is typically homogeneous, white or grey, and adherent to the walls of the vagina. The name "vaginosis" indicates an absence of underlying vaginal erythema or edema. Some researchers have suggested that BV during pregnancy precipitates preterm labour. It is thought that bacterial by-products, such as phospholipases, could trigger prostaglandin production and stimulate contractions, while protease by-products would weaken the collagen structure in the gestational sac and allow premature rupture of membranes. The studies supporting this theor y were plagued with methodologic flaws and included only high-risk patients already predisposed to preterm labour. Bacterial vaginosis is the most common vaginal infection in women of reproductive age with a yearly incidence of 15% and a prevalence of 9% to 23%. During pregnancy, BV has a prevalence of between 10% and 30%. Preterm deliveries account for 70% of all perinatal mortality and 50% of all long-term neurologic morbidity. The most serious sequelae occur in infants born at < 32 weeks' gestation or weighing < 1500 g. Overall, approximately 10% of all deliveries are preterm (< 37 weeks).


AbstractThis study employed a causal model to examine the influence of personal characteristics, undergraduate institutional characteristics, and college experiences on the attainment of entry into the teaching profession. The sample consisted of 890 students who initially aspired to be elementary (n = 416) or secondary (n = 474) teachers upon enrollment in college in the fail of 1971. For aspiring elementary teachers, four of the five significant direct effects on entry into the teaching profession were from variables associated with the college experience: undergraduate major, receipt of bachelor's degree, the degree to which students felt prepared for a teaching career, and undergraduate academic accomplishments. In contrast, only the degree to which students felt prepared for a teaching career and receipt of a bachelor's degree had direct effects for the prospective secondary teachers. The implications of these and other findings are discussed in terms of future research on and the conduct of undergra...


This study aims to determine the level of evaluation of programs and activities through borrowing in Klaten district in 2009. This type of research used in this research is descriptive quantitative. Sources of data generated from the relevant agencies Bappeda Klaten. Required data in this study are data on the implementation of programs and activities that are financed by borrowing in 2009. Data collection techniques used were observation and documentation study. Data analysis technique used is descriptive analysis and performance analysis.
The results showed that: (1) The success rate of the financial performance of the loan with the highest effectiveness (very effective) is a Tulung SMK USB laboratory development program that is equal to 100 percent. Programs / activities that meet the criteria are effective RSPD development, Parliament Secretariat building rehab, rehab / maintenance of roads and bridges, office building of integrated services, and the development of the area attractions Ingar integrated source. Programs / activities that meet the criteria are quite effective environmental street improvement district and the construction of roads Demakijo - Banjarjero. Financing for the construction of roads Sukorini - Kendalsari still felt less effective. Programs making embung Bogem, Prapat, and retaining the cliff is very ineffective, because it was budgeted but implementation was delayed. (2) The success rate of the performance of programs / activities that are funded by loans in Klaten area has been carried out in accordance with predetermined targets, which shows keefktifan achievement and success at 86.2 percent. Utilization of regional loans to the realization of the program / activity is in conformity with the planned, except for program making Bogem ponds, and retaining cliffs Prapat not be held / delayed, and constructing roads Sukorini-Kendalsari less successful.


The problem of developing non-verbal communication skills is considered in the article from the standpoint of discursive and pragmatic competence-based approaches. Developing of non-verbal communication skills is subject to the common goal of learning a foreign language mastering a foreign language culture. Interpreter's culture of nonverbal behavior is part of the foreign language culture and will be developed both within the compulsory subjects and during the course "The Culture of nonverbal behavior." The author describes the aims, objectives, competencies and the system of knowledge, skills and abilities trained within the course "The Culture of nonverbal behavior" studied for the bachelor's degree in linguistics. The key point of the educational complex to develop interpreter's non-verbal communication skills is the system of exercises involving five subsystems: 1.informative-cognitive exercises; 2.receptive exercises; 3.productive exercises; 4.productive combinatorial exercises; 5.communicative exercises.


An estimation of postoperative event rates and survivorship after surgical interventions can be an important part of the informed consent process. However, biased methodology can yield misleading measures of the event burden. Surgeons must critically evaluate reported rates and understand common pitfalls to provide better patient counseling. However, because the methods used in clinical research may be confusing and intimidating, many doctors have difficulty doing so. To try to demystify this important topic, we will discuss alternative approaches to evaluating survivorship and the burden of events by using a hypothetical patient sample to illustrate available methods (Fig. 1A). All figures here use the same patient sample; their visual dissimilarity highlights how different methods handle sample data differently. We also cite real-world studies on ACL reconstruction to show the relative strengths and weaknesses of each technique.


Type-I InGaAsSb QW/spl lambda/=2.8 /spl mu/m diode lasers were developed. They output 40 mW CW at 20/spl deg/C and more than 1 W peak power . Room temperature photoluminescence with /spl lambda//sub peak/>3 /spl mu/m was measured from similar laser structures.


Information and communication technology (ICT) plays a key role in our society, making management and planning easier across sectors. ICT can also help users during times of transition to promote a newer technology in an industry, such as transportation, and aid in GHG reductions by its enabling technologies. Battery electric vehicles (BEV) emit less CO2 than conventional vehicles, offering a way to lower fuel emissions. The sales of BEVs have shown a strong growth trend in the U.S., but continued use depends on effective ICT based enabling technologies to link BEVs with its environment to provide information such as real-time battery charge levels, location of nearest charging infrastructure, route options to optimize battery performance and energy price in a given area within the BEVs vehicle grid communication (VGC) infrastructure. In an effort to build BEV charging infrastructure aided by ICT enabling technologies to promote and deploy BEV, a case study is presented in which 24 BEVs and 35 Chargepoint charging stations are deployed across communities in Nebraska. Data analysis is used to gain insight into charging times, user charging habits, economic and environmental saving, information that can be used by ICT enabling technologies to optimize the user experience, smart grid operation and wide spread adoption of BEVs.


A broad class of derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equations which incorporate a de Broglie–Bohm-type quantum potential is considered. It is shown that a wave packet ansatz inserted into these equations leads to an integrable Hamiltonian dynamical sub-system.


Originally completed around 1225, the rose window gracing Notre Dame's west facade was the first and smallest of the cathedral's three rose windows (north and south transept windows, 1250-1260). That a large circle of glass could pierce a wall supporting tons of stone is a quintessentially Gothic architectural feat accomplished by traversing the aperture with a visually delicate but structurally strong web of stone which breaks the glass into smaller shapes in a symmetrical way, distributing weight equally across the circle.Between 1844 and 1867 Jean Baptiste Lassus and Eugene-Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc guided restoration of several deteriorated areas of Notre Dame Cathedral, including the west rose window. Although none of the ancient glass survives in this window, chemists analyzed fragments of the original 13th C. glass to determine its composition and reconstruct how it was made. Master glaziers who carried out the re-creation of the west rose window were Alfred Gerente, Louis Steinhel, Antoine Husson, Charles Laurent Marechal (called Marechal of Metz) and A. N. Didron the Elder.


tag=1 data=CLP comes with the Territory. by Dennis Schulz

tag=2 data=Schulz, Dennis

tag=3 data=The Bulletin,

tag=4 data=116

tag=5 data=5947

tag=6 data=22 November 1994

tag=7 data=18-19.

tag=8 data=POLITICAL PARTIES-CLP

tag=10 data=After two decades in power; the Country Liberal Party and the Northern Territory seem inseparably entwined.

tag=11 data=1995/1/1

tag=12 data=95/0024

tag=13 data=CAB

tag=32 data=PERRON, MARSHALL


This article introduces the Mysterium corpus, the complete published oeuvre of Alexander Scriabin's 207 solo piano works, and makes the corpus available in Humdrum's kern format. Scriabin's music presents distinct challenges, specifically in relation to his use of complex rhythmic and metric explorations and the idiosyncratic ways in which he notated his compositional ideas. While this sidetdataset is focused on Scriabin, the methodological challenges explored in the article may shed light on the encoding process for other related late-tonal and early post-tonal repertoires. As such, this article provides a case study of methodological considerations involved in systematically translating messy musical notations into a symbolic encoding of the musical data. Finally, this article provides descriptive statistics of the corpus, especially focusing on Scriabin's treatment of meter and two harmonies (i.e., the dominant-seventh chord with lowered fifth, and the "Mystic" chord), and discusses the applicability of the Mysterium corpus for future research.


This paper addresses the question of whether or not naturalisation promotes the integration of immigrants. The empirical basis for the study is a standardised survey comprising 600 immigrants from Turkey and the former Yugoslavia living in Austria. We investigate the differences in four aspects of (social) integration: structural integration (access to the labour market), social integration (the building-up of social relations with members of the host society), cultural integration (acquiring German-language skills and support for modern gender-role attitudes) and identificative integration (strengthening the feeling of belonging to Austria). Our hypothesis is that the attainment of citizenship supports all of these. Immigrants who became Austrian citizens are compared with those who did not – across indicators of all four aspects of integration. In multivariate regression analyses, we also include migration experience (migration background and generation as well as the length of stay in Austria) as explanatory and socio-demographic characteristics (gender, age, educational level) as control variables. The findings show the expected effects in most regards. In addition, a significant interaction effect emerges between migration background and gender, whereby Turkish women have fewer chances of finding employment than ex-Yugoslavian women in comparison with men of the same nationalities as the women. In the conclusion, we point out the methodological limitations of the study and indicate avenues for further research, both in theoretical terms and concerning empirical research designs.


This paper presents a solution procedure developed in the SAMCEF finite element code for the advanced optimal design of stiffened composite panels of an aircraft fuselage. The BOSS quattro, a task manager and optimization toolbox, is used for defining and running the optimization problem. The objective function to be minimized is the weight, and the restrictions depend on structural stability requirements, such as buckling and collapse. The design variables are the panel and stringer thicknesses of the conventional proportions (i.e. 0∘, 90∘ and ±45∘) in a homogenized laminate. Since a collapse analysis introduces geometric nonlinearities into the design process, the function evaluation can take a long time. In order to obtain a rapid optimal solution, a gradient-based method is used, and the first order derivatives need to be computed, in this case with an original semianalytical approach. The sensitivity analysis of buckling and collapse is reviewed. Numerical tests on an industrial case study demonstrate the possibility and the reliability of the approach. Solving such problems is clearly difficult and remains a challenge. Through the applications, this paper provides the opportunity to discuss convergence issues and the use of such advanced optimization techniques in the overall aircraft design process.


We aim to describe and provide a discussion of methods used to conduct economic evaluations of dietary interventions in children and adolescents, including long‐term modelling, and to make recommendations to assist health economists in the design and reporting of such evaluations.


This study aimed to maximize the oil yield from Gac seed kernels using supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) extraction. Gac seed kernel powder (4 g) with particle diameters <500 μm was extracted for 32 min. Response surface methodology with central composite design was used to optimize the SC-CO2 extraction parameters: temperature (60-80°C), pressure (5,000-7,000 psi (34,474-48,263 kPa)) and SC-CO2 flow rate (1-2.5 mL/min). The oil yield, accurately represented by a second order equation (R = 0.99, p<0.0001), was predicted to be most substantially and significantly influenced by temperature (p<0.0001), followed by pressure (p<0.02) but not by the CO2 flow rate (p = 0.20). The optimum conditions were predicted to be: temperature of 73°C, pressure of 5,900psi (40,679kPa) and CO2 flow rate of 1.5 mL/min. The optimum oil yield was predicted to be 34.1±0.8% (g oil/100 g Gac seed kernel powder) and experimentally validated at 33.9±0.5%. The oil was likely high in saturated fat, being solid at room temperature and having a low iodine value, with 33.2±1.1% being unsaponifiable matter.


Background: Helper T (Th) cells are deeply involved in the pathophysiology of bronchial asthma, such as eosinophilic inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), airflow limitation and remodeling. It is still unclear whether Th cells contribute to BHR independently of eosinophilic inflammation. The double GATA (dblGATA) site is a high-affinity GATA-binding site in the GATA-1 promoter. dblGATA site-deficient (ΔdblGATA) mice lack eosinophils. Method: Ovalbumin (OVA)-reactive Th clones were transferred into ΔdblGATA and wild-type (WT) mice of BALB/c background. The number of eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and bronchial responsiveness to methacholine were examined after OVA challenge. Results: The number of BALF eosinophils was significantly increased in WT mice, but not detectable in ΔdblGATA mice. BHR was also induced in WT mice, but significantly attenuated in ΔdblGATA mice. Conclusion: Eosinophils are involved in T-cell-mediated BHR.


Remote sensing is proposed as a useful technique for monitoring landfill sites for gas migration. Landfill gas has the potential to migrate from the site boundaries and cause damage. It is also spatially and temporally very difficult to monitor. The presence of landfill gas in the root zone causes signs of stress to be visible within the vegetation, the stress generally taking the form of chlorosis or dieback. This, in turn, may result in a change in spectral response of the vegetation. Airborne thematic map data and low cost video imagery are proposed as techniques to obtain imagery in order to classify sites according to vegetation stress. A comparison between the efficiency and costs of the two sources of imagery is made. Two case studies are summarized and the economics of the methodology discussed. It is recommended that remote sensing is used in conjunction with soil and geological maps to identify areas of high landfill gas concentration and that this is combined with traditional field measurements to gain a better spatial and temporal understanding of gas migration.


The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve is a graphical method which has become standard in the analysis of diagnostic markers, that is, in the study of the classification ability of a numerical variable. Most of the commercial statistical software provide routines for the standard ROC curve analysis. Of course, there are also many R packages dealing with the ROC estimation as well as other related problems. In this work we introduce the nsROC package which incorporates some new ROC curve procedures. Particularly: ROC curve comparison based on general distances among functions for both paired and unpaired designs; efficient confidence bands construction; a generalization of the curve considering different classification subsets than the one involved in the classical definition of the ROC curve; a procedure to deal with censored data in cumulative-dynamic ROC curve estimation for time-to-event outcomes; and a non-parametric ROC curve method for meta-analysis. This is the only R package which implements these particular procedures.


We study the production of spin-one mesons in high-energy heavy-ion collisions with peripheral kinematics in the framework of QED. The cross sections of the production of a single vector meson and of two different ones are presented. The explicit dependence on the virtuality of the intermediate vector meson is obtained within a quark model. The effect of reggeization of the intermediate vector meson state in the case of the production of two vector mesons is taken into account.


ETIOLOGY Opioids exert pharmacologic effects upon binding primarily to the peripheral μ-opioid receptors within the gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa.4,5 This leads to ion transport changes resulting in an inhibitory effect on neurons of the myenteric plexus, subsequently relaxing the musculature in the small intestine and colon. Multiple effects on the GI tract ensue, including delayed transit and subsequent withdrawal of water from the stool; decreased motility and tone; and decreased defecation reflexes caused by an increase in sphincter tone.1,3,5 Multiple pharmacologic options, including those aimed at reversing actions on the μ-opioid receptors in the GI mucosa, are available for prevention and treatment of OIC. Opioid-Induced Constipation


This paper shows the experience of using innovative methodologies for planning the construction of a concrete bridge in Colombia. The BrIM (Bridge information modeling) methodology was applied in order to improve the performance and planning development of the construction of this type of structure. The project development was divided into three stages: the construction of the conceptual model, the simulation of the construction process, and the quantification of materials and costs. The experience showed that the integrated models can become a valuable tool in the process of planning, designing and constructing different types of bridges. In order to use them, however, it is necessary to know the fundamentals of software use and have previous experience in modeling and representing the bridge components. In that case, the needs of the construction industry, such as improving quality, reducing costs, providing the tools for an adequate control of the construction, and reducing the design and production times could be met.


The current study aims to investigate the concept of sustainable entrepreneurship (SE) in the Greek domain for the food sector. The study is based upon the decomposition of the triple bottom line framework (TBL) that characterises entrepreneurs' behavioural goals and values (internal-external, social, environmental, and economic). Data were collected from 150 Greek food companies where managers were asked to rank the importance of 36 attributes that originated from the qualitative interviews and from the literature review findings. The authors found that the first three ranked variables in the ISE domain are the safety and hygiene issues, the continuous training, and job creation opportunities. Next, in the evaluation of the ESE part, entrepreneurs give great importance to the promotion of the local economy and to the betterment of humanity-life through promoting social change paradigms. In the ENE domain, food entrepreneurs produce products that have low-environmental impact, protect human rights, and use energy savings mechanisms.


Shear thickening fluid(STF)is prepared by dispersing 23% mass fraction of silica into the polyethylene glycol.The steady and dynamic rheological properties of the STF are explored using the rheometer.Composite is manufactured by impregnating the STF into the warp-knitted spacer fabrics(WKSF),and the mechanical properties of the composite are tested under dynamic impact compression loading.Shear thinning phenomenon is observed when the STF subjected to low shear rate,when the shear rate exceeds the critical value,shear thickening will emerge.There is a significant difference in the dynamic impact compression response between the pure WKSF and the composite reinforced with STF.The compression process of the pure WKSF can be divided into two stages while the composite reinforced with STF shows a constant elastic compressive modulus.The deformation of the composite is much smaller than that of pure WKSF but its energy absorption capability is superior.


Integrins are a family of heterodimeric transmembrane glycoproteins that are known to mediate cell‐cell and cell‐matrix interactions. Members of the VLA (very late activation) family, which consists of β1 integrin in association with the VLA α chains (α1–6), mediate adhesion of a wide range of cells to matrix proteins, such as fibronectin, collagen, and laminin, and may therefore be important for cell‐matrix interactions in bone. Integrin expression in human bone was studied immunohistochemically using cryostat sections of fracture callus, tumor‐associated reactive bone, and neonatal costochondral junctions, with a panel of well‐characterized antibodies against β1–4 integrins, α1–6 and αv integrins, and the αvβ3 dimer (the classic vitronectin receptor). All cell types present in bone expressed β1 and α5 integrins; a subpopulation of osteoblastic cells expressed α4. The αv was uniformly expressed by osteoblasts but was heterogeneously expressed by osteocytes. Osteoclasts also expressed α2, αv, and αvβ3. These results demonstrate differential expression of a restricted range of integrins in bone. This supports the possibility that integrins may mediate the differing interactions of cells of the osteoblast and osteoclast lineages with the matrix of bone.


ABSTRACT In Turkey, the social and economic changes of the past couple of decades have facilitated a neoliberal reconstruction of the city and a concomitant reorganisation of its educational spaces. The interaction between the urban space economy and school spaces has been documented by various studies, most of which point to the interplay between education policies and the racialised restructuring of urban spaces. In Turkey, this process has been particularly convoluted, perhaps more so than anywhere else. With reference to a particular school relocation/closing case, this article examines how school relocations induced by urban transformation have interacted with the desecularisation of the education system in Turkey. By drawing on the responses of a specific neighbourhood to the relocation of their school, I argue that school relocations are inextricably linked to the material and symbolic reorganisation of neighbourhoods and lead to the destabilisation of secular middle class neighbourhoods and their schools. And by showing how neoliberalisation interacts with inherited regulatory systems, through this research article I aim to contribute to the existing literature on the interaction between education policy and urban space.