The fluidized‐bed Fenton process is an alternative process that decreases iron sludge from the Fenton reaction by using carriers to crystallize iron on to the surface of the carrier. In this study, the target compound is 2,6‐dimethylaniline, which is a carcinogen and difficult to degrade. This study examined the effect of different carriers on the degradation of 2,6‐dimethylaniline by a fluidized‐bed Fenton process. The six carriers were alumina dioxide (Al2O3), silica dioxide (SiO2), and black, white, brown and coloured gravels. The results revealed that differences in the composition of elements and the structures of each carrier have different effects on the oxidation of 2,6‐dimethylaniline. The carriers containing Ca were not suitable for use in the fluidized‐bed Fenton process. In contrast, Al2O3 and SiO2 were more efficient at removing 2,6‐dimethylaniline, and the pH value was almost stable. Moreover, 2,6‐dimethylanililne removal efficiency of Al2O3 was higher compared with the other carriers. Therefore, in this study, Al2O3 was an optimum carrier for the oxidation of 2,6‐dimethylaniline.


Summary.

The egg of Trachinus is about 1.32 millim. in diameter, and contains from 20 to 30 small oil-globules, thus differing from the majority of floating fish eggs hitherto described.

In the unfertilized egg a vitelline membrane is easily distinguishable, but afterwards this comes in close contact with the zona radiata, and often requires the action of reagents to show it properly.

My observations appear to confirm those of Henneguy, that the invagination observed in optic section in the living egg is an inward folding of the lower layer cells of the epiblast, and that afterwards the alimentary tract is built up from this layer, together with material derived from the intermediary layer. This point cannot, however, be settled definitely without a careful examination of sections of this stage.

My observations confirm those of Ryder as to the nature and persistence of the segmentation-cavity, and in this respect pelagic teleostean eggs seem to differ from all others hitherto described.

Although the heart appears early on the fourth day, its venous end remains closely applied to the vitellus up to several days after hatching, and I have not been able to find any vascular system either in the embryo or in the vitellus up to 14 or 15 days after development begins, that is 4 or 5 days after hatching. In this respect the observations of Ryder and Kingsley and Conn agree with my own, although in non-pelagic teleostean eggs an elaborate circulatory system is developed both in the vitellus and in the embryo a considerable time before hatching.

I have nothing new to record in the later stages of development. The liver and the pancreas arise as little pouches budded off from the mesenteron; the proctodeum arises late, but is well formed at the time of hatching. The stomodeum does not appear to develop until the embryo has left the shell. The young fish usually hatch out on the tenth or eleventh day after impregnation, the early ones with little pigment on the eyes and body, the later ones with the pigment much more developed.


We consider the problem of exploiting non-determin-istic dependent and-parallelism (DAP) from Prolog programs. The main issues that arise in designing a parallel Prolog system for exploiting DAP are discussed. Three criteria for eecient exploitation of DAP are also developed. These criteria are then used to evaluate and classify existing execution models proposed for exploiting DAP. These criteria also inspire new schemes for exploiting DAP that are arguably better than existing ones. Two such schemes for dependent and-parallelism, termed the Linked Model and the Filter Model are proposed. The Filter model has been incorporated in the ACE and-or parallel Pro-log system running on a Sequent Symmetry and Sun Sparc Multiprocessors. Performance results (on the Symmetry) from this implementation are also presented .


A compact triband asymmetric coplanar strip (ACS)-fed printed monopole antenna employing open-ended slots for wireless communication is presented. The proposed antenna is composed of an ACS-fed monopole and two special open-ended slots, which occupies a very compact size of 27.5 × 13 mm2. By carefully selecting the lengths and positions of these slots, good dual stopband rejection characteristic can be achieved. The three obtained bands of 2.35-2.53, 3.34-3.85, and 5.05-6.28 GHz can successfully cover the WLAN and WiMAX operation bands. The principle and key parameters of the slot in producing notched band are analyzed in detail. The measured results demonstrate that the proposed antenna has good omnidirectional radiation patterns with reasonable gains across the operating bands, which is suitable to be integrated within the portable device for wireless communication.


The utility model relates to a die which is especially suitable for the occasions of stretching and turning over a pipe. An upper die plate and a lower die plate of the die are connected through a guide sleeve and a guide post. The upper mould plate is connected with a female die through a screw and a positioning pin. An edge pressing ring is arranged on the lower die plate. A push rod passes through a center hole of the lower die plate to be connected with a top plate which is connected with the female die.


The experimental enthalpies of vaporization and formation of 50 phosphoric, thiophosphoric, and dithiophosphoric acid derivatives were analyzed using the additive scheme. The group contributions to the enthalpies of vaporization and formation were determined. The results were used to calculate the thermochemical characteristics of a wide range of P(IV) derivatives.


This study describes the international competitiveness of industrial wood and wood products sector in Turkey by using comparative advantage indices analysis. Turkey's international competitiveness in wood and wood products has been analyzed in terms of 14 items by 2008-2017 period. Balassa Index (BI), Vollrath Index (VI), Relative Export Advantage Index (RXA), Relative Import Influence Index (RMP), Relative Commercial Advantage Index (RTA), Export Specialization Index (ES) and Relative Competitive Advantage Index (RC ) were used in the analyzes. In addition, the Grubel Lloyd Index was used to measure the intensity of intra-industry trade in these products. Depending on the results of the analysis, it is seen that intra-industry trade is intense in the products coded as GTIP 4408, 4409, 4410, 4411, 4413, 4414, 4418 and 4421 and that we have a strong competitive advantage in 4413 and 4411 products, weak competitive advantage in 4415 and 4410 products according to Balassa and Vollrath indices. In the other ten product groups, we have a competitive disadvantage. In addition, different dimensions of the competitiveness were analyzed and reported in the text by using different indices in the analysis section. Keywords: Wood and Woodproducts Sector, International Competitiveness, Balassa Index, Vollrath Index


The mec‐3 gene, a member of the LIM‐homeodomain transcription factors, is required for touch receptor, FLP and PVD neurons to differentiate in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Stably integrated transgenic strains with mec‐3‐lacZ fusion were generated by irradiating UV light to an unstable transgenic strain with the extrachromosomal DNA. Expression patterns of the mec‐3‐lacZ fusion were examined in mutant backgrounds (lin‐4, lin‐14, egl‐44, egl‐46 and sem‐4 genes) which alter touch receptor‐specific gene expression. In the lin‐4 mutant background, ectopic mec‐3‐lacZ positive AVM/PVM‐like cells were observed in 9% of the animals. By contrast, in the lin‐14 mutant background, mec‐3‐lacZ staining in AVM/PVM cells was lost in 86% of the animals. In the egl‐44 and egl‐46 mutant backgrounds, expression pattern was the same as wild‐type animals. In the sem‐4 mutant background, more than half of the animals (54–69%) had ectopic staining cells in the tail in addition to the wild‐type staining pattern. The modes of action of these genetically interacting genes in the differentiation of mechanosensory neurons are proposed.


Background: The aging process in the elderly decreases the physical ability to take out independent activities. Changing conditions cause the elderly defenseless to depression, especially who live in nursing homes. Theory of self-compassion may be beneficial to the elderly in improving coping ability and adaptation to stressful situations that practice how to defend, understand, and realize the meaning of suffering as a positive thing.
Aim: This study aimed to determine the relationship between self-compassion and depression level among the elderly who lives in nursing homes in Kendal.
Method: This quantitative study conducted with a survey to evaluate the correlation of the variabels, with the number of subjects was 56 elderly in nursing homes in Kendal. The data were collected with The Self-compassion Scale and The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15).
Result: The results from the univariate analysis showed thatan equal proportion of the elderly was experiencing depression (55,4%) and having low self-compassion (60,7%). While Chi-Square analysis showed that there is no significant relationship between self-compassion and depression among the elderly who lives in nursing homes p-value = 0,517 (p >0,05) and x2 = 0,421.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that self-compassion has no significant correlation with depression in the elderly.
Keywords: Self-compassiom, depression, elderly


The borders of the vestibule are Hart's line laterally, hymen medially, frenulum of the clitoris anteriorly, and fourchette posteriorly. Provoked vestibulodynia (PVD) is characterized by severe burning pain in response to pressure localized to the vestibule. Numerous factors may negatively affect the vestibule causing PVD such as hormonal changes, infections, trauma, exaggerated immunologic or inflammatory responses, dermatologic conditions, high-tone pelvic floor dysfunction, pudendal neuropathy, and sacral radiculopathy. PVD specifically associated with hormonal changes in pre-menopausal women has been termed hormonally mediated vestibulodynia (HMV). Dense labeling of androgen receptors has been noted in the germinal layer of the vestibular epithelium and mucinous minor vestibular glands, implying a critical role of testosterone in vestibular health. Low calculated free testosterone caused by elevated sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) in pre-menopausal women using combined hormonal contraception may thus be harmful to the vestibular epithelium and minor vestibular glands, resulting in HMV. In HMV, vulvoscopy shows diffuse vestibular tenderness of the entire vestibule, the ostia of the minor vestibular glands are frequently erythematous (Fig 1) and blood testing is consistent with a low calculated free testosterone.

 We describe the variation in etiologies for HMV and emphasize the importance of measuring total testosterone and SHBG to monitor calculated free testosterone levels in patients with HMV.

 This is a retrospective chart review of premenopausal patients presenting to a clinic with entrance dyspareunia who were diagnosed with HMV, and whose symptoms were alleviated by treatment. Inclusion criteria were as follows: premenopausal females with initial testosterone and SHBG blood values below the reference range, initial vulvoscopy findings significant for vestibulodynia, follow-up testosterone and SHBG approaching the reference range, and follow-up vulvoscopies demonstrating a relief from symptoms.

 A total of 9 patients met the inclusion criteria. The mean age was 32 years old, with a range of 22 years old to 39 years old. Presenting complaints in addition to dyspareunia (n=9) included recurrent irritative bladder voiding symptoms without positive urine culture (n=3) and pelvic pain (n=4). Vulvoscopic examination including cotton-tipped swab testing of the vestibule revealed signs of vestibular hypersensitivity with pain ranging from 1 to 9 in all 7 regions of the vestibule tested. Patients had histories of having taken combined hormonal contraceptives (n=6), isotretinoin (n=1), spironolactone (n=1) and/or hormonal treatment for breast cancer (n=1), all of which can decrease calculated free testosterone. All patients were treated with systemic testosterone and compounded estradiol/testosterone cream to be applied daily to the vestibule. On follow-up blood testing, all patients had calculated free testosterone values approaching 0.6-0.8 ng/dl, established by Guay et al. as the optimum range. All patients reported significantly decreased dyspareunia and significant relief of other bothersome symptoms, especially bladder symptoms.

 This chart review illustrates a variety of etiologies associated with low calculated free testosterone and the diagnosis of HMV. This data emphasizes the importance of calculating free testosterone and performing vulvoscopy to establish a diagnosis in pre-menopausal patients with entrance dyspareunia. Additionally, this chart review demonstrates the efficacy of systemic testosterone and local vestibular androgen/estradiol therapies in ameliorating vestibular pain and associated symptoms in patients with HMV.

 No


Background: The second COVID-19 wave in India, triggered by the Delta variant,has been associated with an unprecedented increase in cases of COVID-19 associated Mucormycosis(CAM), mainly Rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis(ROCM).The primary reason appears to be an unusual alignment of multiple risk factors in patients like prevalence of hypoxia, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, indiscriminate use of steroids, high iron levels and immune dysfunction. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at Noble hospital and Research Centre (NHRC), Pune, Western India between 1st April 2020 and 1st August 2021 to identify patients admitted with CAM. The primary endpoint was incidence of all cause mortality due to CAM. Secondary outcomes studied were need for mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit(ICU) admission. Baseline and time dependent risk factors significantly associated with death due to CAM were identified by Relative risk estimation. Results: 59 patients were diagnosed with Mucormycosis at NHRC (58 ROCM, 1 Renal (disseminated) mucormycosis). Median age of the cohort was 52(IQR: 41,61) years and it included 20.3% females. Median duration from first positive COVID-19 RT PCR test to diagnosis of Mucormycosis was 17(IQR: 12,22) days. 90% patients were diabetic with 30% being newly diagnosed at the time of COVID-19 admission and 89% having uncontrolled sugar level (HbA1c > 7%). All patients were prescribed steroids during treatment for COVID-19. 56% patients were prescribed steroids for non-hypoxemic, mild COVID (irrational steroid therapy) while in 9%, steroids were indicated but were prescribed in inappropriately high dose. Majority of the patients were treated with a combination of surgical debridement(94%), intravenous Amphotericin B(91%) and concomitant oral Posoconazole therapy(95.4%). 74.6% patients were discharged after clinical and radiologic recovery while 25.4% (15 patients) died. On Relative risk analysis, CT severity score during COVID-19 admission [≥]18 (p=0.017), presence of orbital symptoms(p=0.002), presence of diabetic ketoacidosis(p=0.011) and cerebral involvement by Mucor(p=0.0004) were associated with increased risk of death. Duration of Amphotericin B therapy of [≥] 21 days was associated with statistically significant reduction in mortality(p=0.002). Conclusions: CAM is an uncommon, rapidly progressive, angioinvasive, opportunistic fungal infection which is fatal if left untreated. Combination of surgical debridement and antifungal therapy leads to clinical and radiologic improvement in majority of cases.


This study presents an examination and a presentation of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) on a heavily used high-speed railway bridge in Turkey. This study also considers GPR mapping using two different antennas (2 GHz and 500 MHz), and their reliability in terms of locating subsurface features, such as rebar (lower and upper reinforcement) and the presence of moisture. Moreover, GPR interesting results in terms of the structural crack locations by detecting discontinuities and breakdowns in the wavelets' travel with the incorporation of wavelet analysis into the process of the collected raw data of the high-speed railway bridge under survey. This study promotes the GPR and the wavelet analyses in the health monitoring and assessment of bridge structures. By increasing insight into the kinds of structural deterioration that can occur in structures, such as high-speed railway bridges, this study also has implications for the process of tool selection in structural inspection. The wavelet analysis can be used as an effective tool in analyzing and presenting the results of the GPR survey.


As the operation temperature of next generation gas turbine is targeted to be 1800 °C toward a higher efficiency and lower carbon emission, the near‐infrared (NIR) thermal radiation becomes a major concern for the durability of the metallic turbine blades. Although thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) are applied to provide thermal insulations, they are translucent to the NIR radiation. It is a major challenge for TBCs to achieve optically thick with limited physical thickness (usually < 1 mm) for effectively shielding the NIR radiation damage. Here, an NIR metamaterial is reported, where a Gd2Zr2O7 ceramic matrix is randomly dispersed with microscale Pt (0.53 vol%) nanoparticles with a size of 100–500 nm. Attenuated by the Gd2Zr2O7 matrix, a broadband NIR extinction is achieved through the red‐shifted plasmon resonance frequencies and higher‐order multipole resonances of the Pt nanoparticles. A very high absorption coefficient of ≈3 × 104 m−1, approaching the Rosseland diffusion limit for a typical coating thickness, minimizes the radiative thermal conductivity to ≈10−2 W m−1 K−1 and successfully shields the radiative heat transfer. This work suggests that constructing a conductor/ceramic metamaterial with tunable plasmonics could be a strategy to shield NIR thermal radiation for high temperature applications.


When Sir Theodore Fox in his Harveian Oration4 used this quotation as " the classical summary of the doctor's vocation " he avoided attributing it to any author. A. L. Donaldson5 said that Dr. Trudeau exemplified to the full the maxim of a great French physician which he was very fond of quoting. This may refer to Armand Trousseau ; but a search of his works by one librarian" has produced nothing nearer than ". . . une infirmite sans gravite, qu'on ne peut guere esperer guerir, mais qu'on peut toujours soulager" (Clinique medicale de PHdtel de Dieu de Paris, 2nd ed., vol. 3, p. 781, Paris, 1865). A similar saying is found in Pare7 in Canons et reigles chirurgiques de l'auteur: " L'office du bon medecin est de guerir la maladie que s'il ne vient a cette fin, au moins faut-il qu'il la pallie." Witkowski, either alone or in co-operation with Cabands, has written a number of works comprising medical anecdotes and quotations. In one of these he reproduces words attributed to Asclepiades5: " the duty of a physician is to cure diseases safely, quickly and happily." It was not until 1909 that Witkowski and Cabanes published a book9 with a chapter headed "Proverbes et dictons sur les medecins" which had original quotations in italic and comments in roman type. Beneath the quotation " La presence d'un Medecin profite beaucoup," which is preceded by the words "Au XVe siecle, on disait," there is this sentence in roman: " Son role est de guerir quelquefois, soulager souvent, et consoler toujours." In the light of this it may or may not be naive to suggest that in this form the quotation is no older than 1909, or the date when Witkowski and Cabanes collected the material for their book; it is clear, however, that a misreading of this book would account for the quotation being regarded as fifteenth century or earlier. Perhaps it is one of those sayings which have, so to speak, evolved with the passage of time. Professor Ackerknecht,10 who provided the reference to Pare, thinks it is proverbial. In the Latin and English versions of Pares Canons there has been some rearrangement as compared with the original French, with the result that there are two now fairly close together which embody the sentiments of cure, relief, and comfort: 6. It is the part of a good Physition to heale the disease, or certainly to bring it to a better passe, as nature shall give leave. 10. You shall comfort the Patient with hope of recoveries even when as there is danger of death.1' By recording known published references earlier than Witkowski9 some light may be thrown on its origin, even if the actual source cannot be found.


Fly ash is a major particulate type of air pollutant affected the opening and closing of stomata by blocking the stomatal aperture and thereby allowed increased transpiration. Low dusting rate of fly ash increased chlorophyll contents significantly, while high dusting rate of fly ash reduced the chlorophyllase enzyme due to the alkalinity caused by excessive soluble salts on the leaf surface and also due to increase of foliar temperature which retarted chlorophylls or breakdown of chlorophyll to form pheophytin. Due to which photosynthesis in leaves also retarded. In present lower dose of fly ash dust was found beneficial for all plant growth (Length, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root and tillers no. leaf area); yield (Ear length, no. of grains/ear and weight of 100 grains) compared to control .While, both another doses (2.5 and 5.0 g mG2) caused reduction in all above parameters and reduction were higher in 5.0 g mG2 treatments. Similarly, all biochemicals (Photosynthetic pigments, seed protein and seed carbohydrates) were also increased at 1.25 g mG2 treated sets. Lower dose of fly ash was also found beneficial to all leaf epidermal characteristics (No. of adaxial and abaxial surface of stomata, length and width of stomatal aperture and no. and length of trichomes). All these parameters were increased significantly. After that there was gradual decrease in all these parameters at both doses (2.5 and 5.0 g mG2).


Purpose

Generally, this paper aims to develop a model by identifying factors which will assist policy makers in implementing m-government in Tanzania. The paper identifies direct and indirect factors which may influence adoption of m-government among the rural farmers in Tanzania.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper conducted a survey by using Drop Off/Pick Up method to collect data from rural farmers. Stratified and multi-stage sampling were used to collect 407 valid responses from rural farmers in Tanzania. Data collected were analyzed by using structural equation modeling (SEM).

Findings

The results show that government support has direct influence, while awareness has indirect influence through relative advantage, ease of use, compatibility and visibility. Furthermore, relative advantage, compatibility, ease of use, visibility and results demonstrability have direct influence on rural farmers intention to adopt m-government.

Originality/value

This study contributes to knowledge because no study in this area has been conducted in developing countries to examine factors that influence adoption of m-government. Furthermore, this study tests the mediating effects of perceived characteristics of innovation which have not yet been investigated to date.


A compact and planar four-element multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna using an eighth-mode substrate integrated waveguide (EMSIW) cavity resonator is proposed for the 5G new radio. The antenna radiates with a peak gain of 3.1 dBi, operating at 3.5 GHz. Four EMSIW elements are placed orthogonally in an anticlockwise direction in the proposed MIMO antenna to achieve polarization diversity. In addition, the asymmetrical radiation property of the EMSIW element is utilized to attain pattern diversity, subsequently to deliver high MIMO diversity performance. The MIMO diversity parameters like isolation and envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) are realized <-20 dB and <0.2, respectively, without using any extra decoupling network. Thus, presenting compact and low-cost antenna design satisfying the diversity requirements.


These errors were introduced during the typesetting process and have been corrected. Copyright: ß 2014 The PLOS Pathogens Staff. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.


to predict OL-enhancers based on the absence of MN-specific and the presence of OL-specific trans-acting factor binding sites. Then, the predicted OL-enhancers will be experimentally verified using molecular genetic methods. The proposed research will define the role for OL-enhancers in regulating Olig2 expression during OL lineage development. A comprehensive knowledge on the regulatory mechanisms governing OL formation and regeneration after demyelination will be invaluable in directing stem cell differentiation into myelinating OL for future therapeutic transplantations in SCI patients. Proposal Title: Genes Contributing to Necrosis in Physiological Injury In spinal cord injury, some neurons are directly damaged, but many others die during a phase of secondary necrosis induced by exacerbated ion channel activity. It has been suggested that maintaining just 10% of spinal cord function is sufficient for basic mobility. Thus, blocking or delaying secondary neuronal necrosis would significantly limit incapacitation consequent to injury. A more detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms of necrosis is required for design of novel and effective therapies. goal the identification for through by channel-inflicted neuronal Proposal Title: Novel Targets for Neuroprotection the Spinal Cord Traumatic injury of the spinal cord (sc) causes neuronal death. Although initially neuronal loss is the consequence of the mechanical impact, the induction of inflammation and the release of toxic materials by damaged cells further promote this process, exacerbating the outcome of sc injury. The mechanisms underlying the death of sc neurons are not well understood. Delineation of such mechanisms is critical for the identification of targets amenable to therapeutic interventions which will prevent neuronal death and promote neuroprotection. Earlier studies in this laboratory indicated that plasma membrane calcium ATPase 2 (PMCA2), an ion pump which expels calcium from cells, is involved in sc neuronal damage. PMCA2-mediated calcium extrusion is an important mechanism that ascertains the appropriate calcium levels within nerve cells, as excess calcium can have detrimental effects. A decrease in the level or activity of PMCA2 may increase calcium concentrations causing neuronal dysfunction and death. Previous experiments indicated that the levels of PMCA2 are decreased, not only in the epicenter but also in the area surrounding the injury after sc contusion. Moreover, in sc neurons grown in the dish, prevention of pump activity caused accumulation of calcium which was followed by neuronal pathology and death. The molecular events that lead to neuronal loss after a decrease in PMCA2 are not yet defined. The present proposal will address this issue. Additional studies have been initiated to determine the triggers that induce a change in PMCA2 activity or levels with particular emphasis on inflammatory agents or toxins that are found in the injured sc. Among those toxins is glutamate, a neurotransmitter which plays critical roles in neuronal communication in the healthy central nervous system. However, after sc trauma, high amounts of glutamate are released by injured neurons and some inflammatory cells. Elevated glutamate concentrations can cause damage, often due to abnormal increases in calcium levels within the neurons. Preliminary data indicate that glutamate suppresses and inflammatory agents have differential effects on PMCA2 Glycan-Mediated Improvement of Spinal Cord Glycans carried by neural cell adhesion molecules have recently come into focus as promoters of neuronal survival and neurite outgrowth, both of which are features that lend themselves to investigations on their effectiveness in spinal cord regeneration of mammals. We have shown that two prominent glycans shared by neural cell adhesion molecules enhance locomotor recovery after spinal cord lesion of adult mice. Glycan mediated recovery was effective already two weeks after infusion of the combination of the peptidomimetics for polysialic acid and sulfoglucuronyl carbohydrate structures into the lesioned spinal cord. We now wish to analyze the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the improved recovery of locomotor function after spinal cord lesion. We will use immunocytochemical, biochemical and molecular biological methods as well as tracing the nervous system tracts known to be important for recovery of function to evaluate the basic mechanisms underlying regeneration and thus design tools to overcome the largely inhibitory environment of the spinal cord in a mouse model of spinal cord regeneration. in the development of regenerative therapies in which motor neurons can be restored or generated from stem cells. Such regenerative therapies will hold promise for benefiting spinal cord injury patients in New Jersey and throughout the world. Proposal Title: YY1 in Schwann Cell Proliferation and Myelination Spinal cord injury is a devastating neurological injury affecting half million people in United States including more than 6,000 New Jersey residents. SCI patients suffer from loss of sensation or motor ability, which is mainly due to disrupted axonal connection, demyelination and consequent neuronal death. The current strategies to cure spinal cord injury include the protection of the neurons and the promotion of axonal growth and remyelination. Schwann cells are the myelin forming cells of the peripheral nervous system. Transplantation experiments have shown that implanting Schwann cells stimulates remyelination and thereby restores function. In addition, Schwann cells are also capable of secreting the nourishing factors that protect neurons and facilitate the re-growth of damaged axons. These properties make Schwann cells a promising candidate to be transplanted into the injured spinal cord. In addition, in clinical perspective, it is it is conceivable that limited amount of Schwann cells can be isolated from the biopsies of the sciatic nerve of the patients themselves. These cells need to be expanded in vitro and then transplant back into the injured spinal cord. However , how to expand the Schwann cells in culture and how to achieve efficient remyelination of the regenerated axons after engrafted into spinal cord remains challenging. Thus it is important to study the mechanism of Schwann cells proliferation and myelination. Neuroprotective Effects of Cypin after SCI phenotype and neurite extension. The scaffold shows maximum, uniaxial neurite extension and number of neurons will be selected for implantation in the animal study. Rats will be injured by contusion method to mimic spinal cord injury. The optimal scaffolds with or without hNSCs will be implanted to the site of injury after various time points to mimic the clinical scenario. The functional recovery of the rats will be evaluated by a scoring system for the range of motion that the animal can achieve at various time points after implantation. This study hypothesizes the scaffold with or without hNSCs will restore function after spinal cord injury. The results of this study will facilitate therapeutic interventions for spinal cord injury repair.


Some optimal and suboptimal 2-generator quasi-twisted codes are constructed from a class of equidistance negacyclic codes over finite field F3.


Comrade Jiang Zemin,the core of our third generation of collective leadership,pays great attention to development and grasps the essence of development,regarding development as the top priority for its governance and rejuvenation of the country.He thinks that the development is the realistic process of the unity of social all-round development and people all-round development,which embodies the human property of modernization,thus making the theory of social development enter a new stage of development.


Most Mozambicans depend on agriculture. Thus, the reduction of poverty in Mozambique, and particularly that of its rural population, depends on agricultural growth which, in turn, depends on Mozambique's rapid transformation. The transformation of agriculture is unlikely without effective and efficient agricultural research and innovation. The era of technology transfer from developed countries to developing countries such as Mozambique is nearing its end. The research and innovation agenda of more developed countries does not coincide with the what the poorest countries need. Thus, Mozambique must invest in its self‐sufficiency by providing technological solutions for agriculture. Technological solutions for the local environment can only be developed locally.


We study the implications of reference dependency and loss aversion features of individual preferences in trade policy determination and show these behavioural features help explain why governments change the trade restrictiveness in order to cushion the domestic prices from world price shocks. We show this change comes irrespective of special interest groups lobby the government or not.


Objective: To determine amount of lead in noodle soup prepared in the old-style noodle soup boiling pot. Method: Noodle soupfrom 10 places in Muang district of Chiagmai province was sampled 3 times with one week apart. Each sample was digestedand measured for lead amount using absorbance by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results: The method to determine leadamount in noodle soup was found to have a high linearity (r2 = 0.999) with a concentration range of 0.25 - 10 ppm, a limit ofdetection of 0.25 ppm, limit of quantitation of 1 ppm, %RSD of 4.37 - 7.6%, and % recovery of 100 – 104%. The amount oflead in the noodle soup samples ranged from 0.1 – 1.25 ppm (Table 3). The amount of lead in many samples was over the limitin food recommended by the Thai Food Act, which is 1.0 ppm. In addition to the inorganic lead from the soup pot, lead innoodle soup could come from the organic lead in flavoring agents added into the soup. Conclusion: Lead in noodle soup wasover the recommended limit. It may be harmful to consume noodle soup frequently. The source of lead in noodle soup could beinorganic (soup pot) as well as organic ones (flavoring agents).Key words: lead, noodle soupThai Pharm Health Sci J 2009;4(2):164-168§


The reliability and operational risk of power transformers is strongly dependant on the condition of the electrical insulation system. Different kind of stress can be distinguished, normally a combination of electrical and thermal stress is present as well as the influence of humidity in the insulation system has to be considered. The so called multi-stress load results in an accelerated ageing process and the degradation of the insulation system. The condition of the mineral oil can be determined by sampling and analyzing the oil by the means of DGA and chemical-physical analysis. The solid insulation system mainly consists of transformerboard. The condition determination of the cellulose can be done by sampling, with is quite expensive and difficult. New dielectric methods which operate on the effect of response function have established in the last years. In this paper the focus should be directed on the mechanism of cellulose ageing and dielectric measurement.


Deracemization of α-aminoesters via pyridoxal. II [1]. - Study of copolymerization of polymerizable forms of pyridoxal. Reactivity of corresponding polymers. We studied the copolymerization of pyridoxal (PL) polymerizable forms, in the presence of two different comonomers (a diluting and crosslinking agent) and the catalytic activity of the corresponding polymers on the α-aminoester racemization. We discuss the choice of these comonomers in the polymerization and also their concentration. Thus, using 4-acryloylmorpholine as a diluting agent, we obtained a sufficiently hydrophilic polymer in an aqueous medium, and the partition coefficient of the substrate was more favorable. In addition, polymer IV, in which the arm allowing immobilization of PL is most distant from the catalytic site, had the highest activity.


The eastern part of Sava Depression is bounded on the south with the Sava River and on the north with Psunj Mountain,Požeska and Dilj Hills. In this part thicker Neogene-Quaternary sediments than in the western part were found, and thereis almost never reached thermal maturity sufficient to catagenesis. Therefore, after the first seismic survey and exploratorydrilling, a new additional research never continued. The overview and assessment of the reconstruction of the part ofgeophysical measurements was prepared in the eastern part of the Sava Depression. In some previous interpretations rocksbetween the Upper Pannonian and Upper Pontian are described as result of deltaic systems, with the clinoforms. Regionaldeposition at the time of the Early Pannonian indicates the beginning of significant changes in the environment in Croatianpart of the Pannonian Basin System (CPBS), with a distinct domination of turbidites. Clinoforms are possible results ofespecially psammitic detritus deposited toward the margins of the depression, and partly in the direction materialtransport. In the Early Pontian regionally depositional environments started to be local. In the Quaternary can be expectedthe existence of the delta or alluvial fans.


Objective To investigate delays from symptom onset to rheumatology assessment for patients with a new onset of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or unclassified arthritis. Methods Newly presenting adults with either RA or unclassified arthritis were recruited from rheumatology clinics. Data on the length of time between symptom onset and first seeing a GP (patient delay), between first seeing a general practitioner (GP) and being referred to a rheumatologist (general practitioner delay) and being seen by a rheumatologist following referral (hospital delay) were captured. Results 822 patients participated (563 female, mean age 55 years). The median time between symptom onset and seeing a rheumatologist was 27.2 weeks (IQR 14.1–66 weeks); only 20% of patients were seen within the first 3 months following symptom onset. The median patient delay was 5.4 weeks (IQR 1.4–26.3 weeks). Patients who purchased over-the-counter medications or used ice/heat packs took longer to seek help than those who did not. In addition, those with a palindromic or an insidious symptom onset delayed for longer than those with a non-palindromic or acute onset. The median general practitioner delay was 6.9 weeks (IQR 2.3–20.3 weeks). Patients made a mean of 4 GP visits before being referred. The median hospital delay was 4.7 weeks (IQR 2.9–7.5 weeks). Conclusion This study identified delays at all levels in the pathway towards assessment by a rheumatologist. However, delays in primary care were particularly long. Patient delay was driven by the nature of symptom onset. Complex multi-faceted interventions to promote rapid help seeking and to facilitate prompt onward referral from primary care should be developed.


This technical report presents a generalization of the existing notion of satisfaction equilibrium (SE) for games in satisfaction form. The new equilibrium, which is referred to as the generalized SE (GSE), is particularly adapted for modeling problems such as service-level provisioning in decentralized selfconfiguring networks. Existence theorems for GSEs are provided for particular classes of games in satisfaction form and the problem of finding a pure strategy GSEs with a given number of satisfied players is shown to be NP-hard. Interestingly, for certain games there exist a dynamic, analogous to the best response of games in normal form, that is shown to efficiently converge to a pure strategy GSE under the given sufficient conditions. Finally, Bayesian games in satisfaction form and the corresponding Bayesian GSE are introduced. These games describe the interactions between players that possess incomplete information in a game in satisfaction form. These contributions form a more flexible framework for studying self-configuring networks than the existing SE framework. This paper is concluded by a set of examples in wireless communications in which classical equilibrium concepts are shown to be not sufficiently adapted to model service-level provisioning. This reveals the relevance of the new solution concept of GSE.


Delirium remains under-recognized and undertreated in oncology, especially in the terminally ill [1–3]. While delirium is often associated with a considerable burden of suffering for the patient and his relatives, it also causes distress among health care professionals [4]. Delirium is not an unavoidable consequence of disease or of the process of dying; indeed it can be successfully treated, even in the terminally ill cancer patient [5, 6].


This work aimed at to evaluate during a cultivation cycle (97 days) of L. vannamei with biweekly periodicity the community zooplanktonic and the parameters abiotic in two stations inside of a pond in the municipal district of Curuca, Para. Zooplankton collections were accomplished and measured abiotic parameters: transparency, being pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity and temperature registered in the surface and close to the bottom. They were identified 34 zooplanktonic taxa , being Copepoda the most important group and Acartia lilljeborgi, Euterpina acutifrons, Oithona hebes, O. oswaldocruzi and Parvocalanus crassirostris the species that more they contributed to this dominance. The largest density registered for the zooplankton was of 162.000 org/m3 in the beginning of the cultivation (20/09) and to smallest it was 375 org/m3 on the 05/11. The diversity was also low tends averages of 1,34 bits/ind and 1,10 bits/ind in the stations 01 and 02, respectively. Enter the main conclusions: the copepods were the most abundant group and diversified, could represent an excellent alternative as natural food in the cultivation. In relation to the physics and chemistries variable the ones that had suffered influence from the cultivation, varying significantly throughout the time and that, therefore, deserve constant accompaniment had been: pH, dissolved oxygen and transparency, salinity and temperature if had kept constants and the investigated pond was considered a homogeneous ecosystem evaluating its depth and area.


Abstract : Tributenyltin bromides containing at carbon atoms C-1, C-2 or C-3 were synthesized from symmetrical tetrabutenyltins. Although all three tetrabutenyltin compounds were stable, only the tributenyltin bromides with double bonds at C-1 and C-3 were sufficiently stable for further studies. In aqueous sodium bromide (NaBr) solution containing 1% acetone, tri-1-butenyltin bromide was more stable in sunlight than tri-3-butenyltin bromide, yet neither compound was as stable as tributyltin bromide. Stability in seawater, in the absence of ultraviolet (UV) light, was less for both tri-1-butenyltin bromide. The relative toxicities of the tributenyltin bromides were determined using a bioluminescent bacterial assay. The concentrations of tributenyltin bromides necessary to produce a toxic responses were three to six times greater than for tributyltin bromide. Keywords: Marine fouling; Environmental impact statement; Antifouling coatings; Organotin; Reprints.


Abstract Generated rotor (gerotor) pumps are widely used in the automotive industry for engine oil lubrication. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can be utilized as a useful design tool not only to optimize the flow performance of gerotor pumps but also to develop and finalize specifications for the gerotor pump inlet components. In this paper, a CFD integrated development process for the gerotor pump inlet components such as the suction pipe, strainer, and ports has been executed using a three-dimensional transient mathematical model. The effects of the rotor speed, strainer porosity, and number of ports on the pump performance have been investigated. The results showed that the inlet pipe size, the free area ratio of the strainer, and the sizing of the ports have vital roles in the suction capacity, flow velocity, and volumetric efficiency of the gerotor pump. The selected pump components based on CFD simulation were validated using physical test data, and good agreement was found.


The coronavirus pandemic has been sweeping the world for more than a year. As physical health begins to stabilize in the western world, an increasing concern is related to the impact of the virus and its containment measures on people's mental health. This work aimed to explore the effect of demographic factors (age, gender, level of education, and socioeconomic status) and variables such as fear of COVID-19 and social support in predicting the quality of life and mental health of adults during the first wave of the pandemic in Italy. Through an online survey with 1087 Italian adults (M = 39.7, SD = 16.39; 74.4% women), gender and socioeconomic status emerged as crucial factors in determining differences regarding people's responses and reactions to the pandemic. In addition, the results highlighted the importance of perceived social support and a moderate fear of COVID-19 in predicting people's quality of life and mental health. The study suggests important guidelines for the development of interventions to support the population's well-being and mental health.


Photograph of a graduation cap that has been decorated with Buddy the Elf, from the movie Elf. The cap reads, "What's a diploma? I want one!" The mortarboard has been decorated with a Christmas theme of red and whites.


This paper investigates the public health effects of mandatory and voluntary milk pasteurization adoptions in the United States. With generalized synthetic control methods (GSCM), we estimate the casual health impact of city pasteurization ordinances in 16 treated cities. Our results show the average treatment effect of city with pasteurization ordinances was obvious. Children diarrhea mortality rates on average in the treated group is 7.62 lower than their synthetic versions. And the number was only 1.04 in the control group. The treatment effect measured by GSCM is also different from the results measured by classical linear based Differences-in-Differences model. Next, we implement a FE analysis to examine the effect of voluntary pasteurization adoptions. We choose robust FE estimators to minimize the influence of observations of extreme values. Also, our robust panel estimations indicate the spread of pasteurization was significantly responsible for the improved health profile in US cities. In sum, we find pasteurization had its unique and significant contribution to public health in history.


It presents a key to the 122 genera of liverworts recorded to date from Colombia; some of the most diagnostic morphological characters are illustrated.


Objective: Craniosynostosis (CS) involves the premature fusion of one or more cranial sutures. The etiology of CS is complex and mutations in more than 50 distinct genes have been causally linked to the disorder. Many of the genes that have been associated with CS in humans play an essential role in tissue patterning and early craniofacial development. Among these genes are members of the Hedgehog (HH) and Notch signal transduction pathways, including the GLI family member Gli3, Indian Hedgehog (Ihh), the RAS oncogene family member Rab23, and the Notch ligand JAGGED1 (Jag1). We have previously described a colony of rabbits with a heritable pattern of coronal suture synostosis, although the genetic basis for synostosis within this model remains unknown. The present study was performed to determine if coding errors in Gli3, Ihh, Rab23, or Jag1 could be causally linked to craniosynostosis in this unique animal model. Design: Sequencing of cDNA templates was performed using samples obtained from wild-type and craniosynostotic rabbits. Results: Several nucleotide polymorphisms were identified in Gli3, Ihh, and Rab23, although these variants failed to segregate by phenotype. No nucleotide polymorphisms were identified in Jag1. Conclusions: These data indicate that the causal locus for heritable craniosynostosis in this rabbit model is not located within the protein coding regions of Gli3, Ihh, Rab23, or Jag1.


(t,m,s)‐nets are point sets in Euclidean s‐space satisfying certain uniformity conditions, for use in numerical integration. They can be equivalently described in terms of ordered orthogonal arrays, a class of finite geometrical structures generalizing orthogonal arrays. This establishes a link between quasi‐Monte Carlo methods and coding theory. The ambient space is a metric space generalizing the Hamming space of coding theory. We denote it by NRT space (named after Niederreiter, Rosenbloom and Tsfasman). Our main results are generalizations of coding‐theoretic constructions from Hamming space to NRT space. These comprise a version of the Gilbert‐Varshamov bound, the (u,u+υ)‐construction and concatenation. We present a table of the best known parameters of q‐ary (t,m,s)‐nets for qε{2,3,4,5} and dimension m≤50. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 10: 403–418, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jcd.10015


This study explores the concept and significance of recreational reading in the Arab world. Recreational reading, often termed Reading pleasure, (Clark & Rumbold, 2006), voluntary reading (Krashen, 2004), or independent reading (Cullinan, 2000) is the reading carried out by personal choice. However, recreational reading in the Arab world rarely gets attention through comprehensive of scholarly studies. Thus, this textual study also examines the context of recreational reading and the initiatives taken to enhance this activity in the Arab region.


To consider the problem of terrain matching in the terrain aided navigation system,an intensified Mean Absolute Difference(MAD) algorithm was presented.The information of recent location offsets was used to calculate the elevation matching sequences in current searching area,so the current values of terrain matching could be obtained at any time.The continuity of matching calculation was ensured.Based on this method,the position values of all searching sites in the data map were fused according to the MAD correlation coefficient to obtain the best matching point.In order to reduce the calculation redundance,the algorithm was optimized in overlapped searching areas.Besides,judging mechanism was introduced into the algorithm to enhance its stability when terrain characteristics were indistinct.Simulation result shows that this algorithm has good dynamic positioning effect.


Arsenic and its compounds which is one of the most toxic elements that can be found naturally on earth in small concentrations are used in the production of pesticides, herbicides, and insecticides. Most arsenic that cannot be mobilized easily when it is immobile is also found in conjunction with sulfur in minerals such as arsenopyrite (AsFeS), realgar, orpiment and enargite. In this investigation we observed the leaching of arsenic in soils amended with several levels of gravel size of arsenopyrite collected from a road construction site. Soil and gravel size of arsenopyrite were characterized by chemical and mineralogical analyses. Results of XRF analysis of arsenopyrite indicated that the proportion of arsenate was 0.075% (wt wt -1 ) while the maximum amount of arsenic in soil samples was 251.3 mg kg -1 . Cumulative amounts of effluent collected from the bottom of the soil column for different mixing rate of the gravel were gradually increased where proportion of the gravel mixed was greater than 70% whereas the effluent was stabilized to the maximum after approximately 45 pore volumes of effluent or greater were collected. The arsenic in the effluent was recovered from the soil columns in which the proportion of arsenopyrite gravel was 60% or greater. The total amount of arsenic recovered as effluent was increased with increasing proportion of gravel in a soil, indicating that the arsenic in the effluent was closely related with gravel fraction of arsenopyrite.


ustria is often seen—by foreigners, but as well as by a large majority of its own citizens—as a Kulturnation ("cultural nation"). This is not surprising if we look back in history to when Vienna was the capital of the large Habsburg Empire and gathered the representative art institutions of a monarchy that dated back to the Middle Ages. After World War I, Vienna was still a capital, but now of a small middle-European republic with eight million inhabitants. Vienna "inherited" a rich cultural past, if a weak economic infrastructure. It is no wonder, therefore, that feelings of inferiority and insignificance had to be compensated for by stressing the cultural achievements of former centuries. Nevertheless, it is striking that nearly eighty years later, when Austria had grown to one of the richest states in the world, the symbols of the past—for example, the Schönbrunn Palace, the Spanish Riding School, the State Opera, the Burgtheater, and the Vienna Boys Choir—still play an overwhelming role in the self-definition of the Austrian nation. In his contribution, Michael Wimmer offers a convincing explanation for this sociopsychological phenomenon when he argues that Austria used culture "as a vehicle to represent a late feudal regime" and "as a legitimization for a political myth," especially in the years of recovery and reconstruction after World War II. In his article, he provides an overview of eighty years of cultural policy in Austria, starting with the late Habsburg Empire in the nineteenth century, continuing with the First Austrian Republic (1918–1938), the "Ostmark" as part of the Third Reich (1938–1945), and ending with the Second Austrian Republic (a member state of the European Union). A


Quality of Groundwater has assessed for irrigation purpose to get the suitability of water. Water samples has analysed by employing different parameters: Electrical Conductivity, Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), Kelly's Ratio, Potential Salinity and Corrosive Ratio. Suitability of Water for irrigation has presented by the diagram based on the combination of Electrical Conductivity and Sodium Absorption Ratio suggested by United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Livelihood of the study area depends on the Agriculture and allied activities so it becomes more important to analyse the quality of water for irrigation. Keywords: Irrigation, Electrical Conductivity, Sodium Absorption Ratio, Kelly's Ratio, Soluble Sodium Percentage.


An approach that uses a combined theoretical and experimental best-fit technique for developing radiation models for patch type microstrip antennas is proposed. Far-field expressions involving two major parameters relating the equivalent electric and magnetic type sources in the model are derived. The appropriate values of these parameters are obtained by comparing the computed patterns with the measured ones. Using the proposed model, some antenna characteristics may be more accurately determined compared to the results of some previous studies.


The goal of this project was to develop and test a robust sensor array for long-term monitoring of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) inventories in deep geologic formations using a controlled source electromagnetic method (CSEM) to measure the electrical properties of CO 2 reservoirs. The method was designed to provide cost-effective, permanent, autonomous data collection assuring a much higher temporal data density than can be achieved with other methods. The system used a borehole-based vertical-electric-dipole source placed at reservoir depths in the formation. The signals were received on the surface using an array of stations each capable of measuring electric and magnetic fields.


Skeletal muscle wasting is an extremely common feature in patients with heart failure, affecting approximately 20% of ambulatory patients with even higher values during acute decompensation. Its occurrence is associated with reduced exercise capacity, muscle strength, and quality of life. We sought to investigate if the presence of muscle wasting carries prognostic information.


We give the first example of a locally quasi-convex (even countable reflexive and $k_\omega$) abelian group $G$ which does not admit the strongest compatible locally quasi-convex group topology. Our group $G$ is the Graev free abelian group $A_G(\mathbf{s})$ over a convergent sequence $\mathbf{s}$.


Die gemischt substituierten Sulfoniumsulfane (CH3)2SSCF3+SbF6− und (CH3)2SSSCF3+SbF6− werden unter Ausnutzung des Synthesepotentials von (CH3)2SH+SbF6− durch Kondensationsreaktionen mit CF3SCl bzw. CF3SSCl erhalten. Beide Sulfoniumsulfane werden durch NMR- und Raman-Spektroskopie charakterisiert.

Die Darstellung von CH3CF3SSCF3+A− (A− = SbCl6−, AsF6−) erfolgt durch nucleophile Substitution an CH3CF3SCl+A− mit CH3SSCF3.

Erganzend werden ramanspektroskopische Untersuchungen an CH3SSCF3 mitgeteilt.

Preparation and Spectroscopic Characterization of Mixed Substituted Sulfonium Sulfanes

The mixed substituted sulfonium sulfanes (CH3)2SSCF3+SbF6− and (CH3)2SSSCF3+SbF6− are obtained by utilization of the synthetic potential of (CH3)2SH+SbF6− via condensation reactions with CF3SCl or CF3SSCl. Both sulfonium sulfanes have been characterized by NMR and Raman spectroscopy.

CH3CF3SSCF3+A− (A− = SbCl6−, AsF6−) is prepared by nucleophilic substitution at CH3CF3SCl+A− using CH3SSCF3.

In addition the Raman spectrum of CH3SSCF3 is reported.


Introduction Modular fixturing is an important concept in tooling design and applications courses in the Manufacturing Engineering Technology (MET) and Industrial Technology (IT) curriculum. Traditionally, a lecture is given on the topic using computer slides, videos, CAD graphics of the tooling elements along with physical components to pass around, and/or catalogs to inspect. If the time is available, a tour of local manufacturing operations which utilize tooling applications of interest may be observed. The wide variety of tooling and fixtures are difficult to cover within a single quarter (or semester), especially if consideration of related topics on gaging, cutting tools, and geometric dimensioning and tolerancing are included. The need for interactive teaching tools for discreet technical fields such as modular fixturing in tool design applications is indicated and as a result, ToolTRAIN © was introduced as a solution to this problem. 1


Recently experiments have been reported in which logical operations were performed using electric field induced interferences of holograms stored in persistent spectral hole-burning media [1,2]. In principle, the logical operations AND and XOR are sufficient to realize a binary computer [3]. Here a ripple carry full adder [3] for the parallel addition of two sets of 400 binary coded 4-bit numbers is experimentally demonstrated.


Heavy metal ions have great hazard to human. The development of low-cost, mass-produced electrochemical sensors based on screen-printing technology have attracted considerable attention in recent years. We fabricated the Screen-printed carbon electrodes(SPCE) and realized the simultaneous detection of heavy metal ions(Cu,Pb,Zn) complied with the use of differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry(DPASV) and optimized the detection conditions. The electrodes have satisfying sensitivity and precision, the detectable concentration reaches ppb level. We detected the ions in polluted water and got good result.


Technological alliances, giving access to information and know-how held by partners, foster and boost a firm's innovative performance in high-tech industries.


Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and side effects of drug perfusion and embolization of uterus arterial for cervical carcinoma.Methods Drug perfusion and embolization of uterus arterial for cervical carcinoma was performed in 78 patients with cervical carcinoma by pathologically confirmed,which included stageⅠ(n=13),stageⅡ(n=28),stage Ⅲ(n=22),stage Ⅳ(n=4),carcinoma of the cervical stump(n=3)and recurrence of radiation therapy and chemotherapeutics(n=8).The efficiency and side effects of the treatment were observed and analyzed.Results The effective rate was 82.1%,and a radical hysterectomy was performed in 28 cases after the therapy.Also,radiation therapy was performed after in 27 cases,chemotherapeutics in 8 cases.Complications occurred including vigina or uterine neck perforation(n=3),acute renal failure(n=1),uroclepsia(n=2).Conclusion Drug perfusion and embolization of uterus arterial is an effective assistant method for cervical carcinoma.


Traditional Gene Expression Programming(GEP) can not discover all optimum solutions for specific multimodal function.To solve this problem,the niche technology was applied to GEP.The limitation of the existing optimization for multimodal function based on GEP was analyzed.A modification strategy with niche radius named AMNR(Adaptive Modification with Niche Radius) and an algorithm named NGEP-MFO(Multimodal Function Optimization based on Niche GEP) were proposed.The application domain of traditional GEP was extended.Experiments showed that compared with traditional GEP,NGEP-MFO can improve the successful ratio and accuracy greatly for identifying all optimum solutions.


In this paper, experimental and finite element methods are considered for analysis of the influence of contact pressure on fretting fatigue behavior of Al-Zn-Mg alloy. Based on the fretting fatigue test apparatus with point contact, a two-dimensional implementation within the finite element software ANSYS is investigated to analyze stress distribution. A series of experimental tests are carried out so that the effect of contact pressure on the fretting fatigue characteristics and fretting fatigue life is emphatically researched. Fretting regions morphology and fretting fatigue fracture behavior have analyzed the action of fatigue and wear to determine slip amplitude effects in the fretting process in which contact pressure and tangential force are revealed as important parameters to determine crack initiation, propagation, and damage mechanisms. The calculation results indicate that for tension/compression fretting fatigue, there is a sticking region, sliding region, and opening region on the contact surface with contact pressure changing while other test parameters are invariable. When the stress amplitude is 252 MPa, with the increase of contact pressure, the cycles of cyclic softening under tension/compression fretting fatigue loading decrease, and fretting fatigue life decreases with the increase of contact pressure, which is lower than fatigue life under the same tension/compression fatigue loading. The numerical simulation reveals the merits of applying the finite element method to fretting fatigue problems, and it shows good agreement with experimental results. K e y w o r d s: Al-Zn-Mg alloy, fretting fatigue, contact pressure, point contact, ANSYS


This study reports for the first time about a stability indicating RP-HPLC method for analysis of darolutamide and its impurities 1, 2, and 3 in bulk and formulations. The separation was achieved on Phenomenex column with Luna C18 (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) as stationary phase, and 50 mM ammonium acetate: methanol solution 15:80 (v/v) at pH 5.2 as mobile phase at 1.0 mL/min flow rate. UV detection was carried at wavelength of 239 nm. In these conditions the retention time of darolutamide and its impurities 1, 2, and 3 was 7.05, 8.90, 4.63 and 5.95 min, respectively. The method was validated for system suitability, range of analysis, precision, specificity, stability, and robustness. Forced degradation study was done through exposure of the analyte to five different stress conditions and the % degradation was small in all degradation condition. The proposed method can separate and estimate the drug and its impurities in pharmaceutical formulations. Hence, the developed method was suitable for the quantification of darolutamide and can separate and analyse impurities 1, 2, and 3


GIS and Space Syntax could be better used for analyzing spatial morphology in terms of road system and syntactic variables. However, few scholars have analyzed the potential spatial morphology in terms of the planning road system. Even fewer scholars quantitatively measured coherence between the analyzed spatial morphology and the planners' spatial development intention. To implement the planners' intentions better, this paper proposes an implementation method of spatial morphology planning, which was based upon GIS and Space Syntax. Firstly, Anhou Town's new round of spatial development morphology was quantitatively analyzed by employing syntactic variables of integration, integration core, and intelligibility. And the analysis results showed that coherence between the analyzed spatial morphology and the planners' original intention could be improved. Secondly, according to the theory that road is the carrier of spatial development, measurements of road width adjustment, road alignment adjustment, and others which were employed to optimize road system. The optimization scheme of the road system was proposed at the same time. Finally, the coherence between optimization scheme and planners' spatial morphology intention was quantitatively measured, and the measurement result showed that the planners' spatial development intention could be implemented better.


DER installations on distribution feeders are a popular alternative for renewable power assets. As the national standards continue to evolve based on input from their users, informative, uniform requirements provide continuous opportunities for advancement of DER technology. To ensure the safe, reliable operation of distribution systems, the area EPS requires the flexibility to meet specific application's needs.


Background. Mediation is an effective way of conflict settlement, allowing both to optimally settle issues of dispute parties and to relieve judges' work. This method of conflict settlement is apprehended by experts in law ambiguously. At the present time in western countries there is no uniformity in the understanding of the essence of mediation and the basic principles thereof. In different countries there are private features of the given institution. The aim of the article is to consider the definition and signs of mediation, problems of introduction of the given institution in Russia. Materials and methods. Realization of the research tasks was achieved on the basis of the analysis of main legislative acts of the Russian Federation securing legal bases of an alternative way of conflict settlement. The methodological potential included the methods of comparative-legal analysis and generalization that allow to compare the contents of various institutions and to reveal specific characteristics. Results. Mediation is an effective means of conflict settlement that is capable to meet legislator's expectations. It is also proved by the positive court practice in Lipetsk, Volgograd, Vladimir, in towns of Voronezh, Irkutsk, Ulyanovsk, Sverdlovsk, Rostov-on-Don, Omsk, Moscow and Altay regions etc. Cocnlusions. The law not just lacks specific requirements to the procedure of mediation and mediators, but it also does not create the legal base and organizational structure, sufficient for institution functioning. The problem of mediation procedure appointment when a conflict is already before the court is still unsolved at the legislative level. To solve this problem a legislator should regard the experience of the previously described legal experiment. Besides the above mentioned problems, to the author's point of view, mediation brings forth the following ones: expensive and short education at mediator courses, lack of the system of mediators' independence guarantee, insufficient explanatory work in the population.


Objective To compare the effect of two post and core materials in restoration of severely defected molars. Methods Fifty-five patients with 75 severely defected molars were randomly divided into two groups, and treated with glass fiber-resin core and amalgamsilver alloy-glass ionomer post and core respectively. The repair effect after 2 years was evaluated. Results In the 24 patients with 29 teeth in glass fiber-resin core group, one tooth suffered root fracture, the success rate was 96.6%. In the 31 patients with 46 teeth in amalgamsilver alloyglass ionomer post and core group, one tooth appeared post fracture, success rate was 97.8%. There was no significant difference between two groups (χ2=0.161, P0.05). In the two aborted cases, there were no crown loose, shedding, crown and periapical inflammation.Conclusion For severe molar defect cases, both glass fiber-resin core and amalgam-silver alloyglass ionomer post and core can be used, but amalgamsilver alloyglass ionomer post and core cost less.


Coupled lines based bandpass microstrip filters are presented. Main design relations are stated. Application of spectral domain method of moments for coupled line characteristics computation is described. The results of simulation and measurements are shown.


Along with the pursuit of coatings to enhance tribological performance and development of formulated lubricants with appropriate additive packages, surface texturing techniques have also been developed to guard against direct interaction of contacting surfaces. We have already shown (chapter 1) that mixed and boundary regimes of lubrication occur as the result of any direct interaction of rough surfaces. This increases the generated friction and reduces the system efficiency, as well as giving rise to wear and other forms of surface damage. The surface textures act as small reservoirs of lubricant, under conditions which retention of a coherent film of lubricant would not be expected, such as in cessation of rolling and/or sliding motion or in the presence of high contact loads. In chapter 12 we show the role of surface textures in piston-cylinder system and its beneficial effect in terms of reduced friction, thus power loss. In chapter 12 we provided results of some numerical analysis for textured surfaces as well as some experimental benefit of their effect in terms of reduction of power loss. However, the numerical predictive approach is quite complex and leads to long computation times. Furthermore, not everyone has access to such complex numerical models. Therefore, here we provide some representative analytical methods.


This study performs simulations inspired by the reported genome meltdown of a small population of woolly mammoths prior to their extinction. These simulations test the interaction of population size, mutational diameter, and fitness change on two types of fitness landscapes. The first landscape studies a population initialized at a global optimum to assess fitness loss, while the second uses an open-ended function with no global optimum to assess the degree of adaptive radiation possible with different population sizes. Both an age structured non-elitist evolutionary algorithm and a evolution-strategy like biased random walk are used. The simulations demonstrate that small populations are substantially worse at retaining fitness when initialized in a global optimum but also have a substantially greater potential for adaptive radiation and discovery of new niches.


In every society family is an institution created on the basis of the social laws, customs and traditions and is one of the main social inventions of humankind. Its main essence is defined by fulfilling social, group and individual needs. Family as one of the primary forms of social unity of humans provides conditions for meeting a range of important human needs, one of them being reproduction.Family functions are the main factors that precondition the existence and activity of family, as well as normal (functional) family environment. Fulfillment of these functions has exclusive importance not only for family members, individuals, but for the whole society. Researches on family psychology, sociology and pedagogy classify family functions on the basis of a variety of criteria. The paper analyzes traditional (specific) and non-traditional (non-specific) family functions from psychological perspective and classifies the social and psychological importance of changes in family functions in the age of globalization.


textabstractThis book is a European comparative study and is a translation of the original 2002 German-language edition published as Lokale Politik als Ressource der Demokratie in Europa? (Publisher: Leske & Budrich). Angelika Vetter, who is at the University of Stuttgart, focuses on the socialisation function of local politics in democracies and combines research on local politics with research on political culture and attitudes. In doing so, she builds on a political science tradition influenced by the 1990s Beliefs in Government project, which has been especially strong in Germany. She takes frameworks earlier mainly used to study national levels of politics and democracy and applies them to the local level.
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Building plan for Midland Memorial Hospital in Midland, Texas. It includes detail of a bronze inscription tablet 1/4 the full size.


A 39-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of a sudden epigastralgia. He had been drinking sake of about 200ml per day for 20 years, and diagnosed as pancreatitis 5 years before. Extensive examinations revealed: stenosis of the duodenum, many pancreatic stones in the Santorini's duct, tubular narrowing of the common bile duct, and the pancreatic pseudocyst connecting with the main pancreatic duct. Judging from those findings, we planned to perform cystduodenostomy under the diagnosis of recrudescence of chronic pancreatitis with pseudocyst. Upon laparotomy, however, the pancreatic body and tail were almost normal and marked hyperplasia of the Brunner's glands was confirmed, which indicated groove pancreatitis. Therefore, a pancreatoduodenectomy was performed. During the operation changes in the shape of the cyst and an active ulcer in the duodenal bulb were also observed. It is said that groove pancreatitis is caused by obstruction of the pancreatic juice out flow due to occlusion of the Santorini's duct. Thus, we can guess that the disease presents various clinical courses. In this case, hard drinking and the stones in the Santorini's duct might allow to cause the disease.


Paget disease involving the skeleton is considered to be rare in India. It may involve any part of the skeleton from head to toe. Conventional radiology is the best mode of investigation depending upon the bone involved the usual symptoms include pain, swelling and deformity. Radiological features and complications are universal as in other countries. Bone scanning is the final word to determine whether Paget is monostotic or polyostotic. A viral theory has been proposed but no exact etiology is established so far. Keywords: Paget disease; Skeleton; Pictorial essay


Restoration techniques for riparian habitats in the Southwest are being widely studied. Efforts for natural regrowth of native species are a high priority. Techniques for native cottonwood (Populus fremontii) regeneration are being investigated in the Rio Grande Valley State Park. Experimentation with flooding of riparian zones using different techniques is beginning to show promising results.


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the association between plant-based content of diet and erectile dysfunction in men from the national health and nutrition examination survey (NHANES) databas...


Abstract Using the current conflict in northern Mozambique as a case study, we argue that the South African government and its current legislation on private military and security companies (PMSCs) has prevented it from being a more effective agent for peace in the region. South Africa's current legislation – the Foreign Military Assistance Act of 1998 (FMA) and the Prohibition of Mercenary Activities Act of 2006 (PMA) – creates a situation, a deliberate and intentional one, where PMSCs are unable to operate effectively effectively. Therefore PMSCs do not operate from South Africa, despite South African PMSCs being well regarded and experienced internationally. The FMA and PMA also oppose a general international trend which is seeing increased use and acceptance of PMSCs. We argue that the conflict in northern Mozambique is an example where legislation which is more accepting of the PMSC industry would have allowed South Africa to provide more (and earlier) assistance to Mozambique. This would have helped Mozambique and the region, but, importantly, it would also have been a valuable tool in South Africa's foreign diplomacy and projected the potential for the use of smart power.


traction. The length and intensity of alpha motoneurone 'shutdown' in response to a twitch was compared in normal and afflicted subjects. The second group of observations was designed to study the effects of central modification of proprioceptive feedback. In these tests the Jendrassik manoeuvre was used in both normal and afflicted subjects, and the results were measured in terms of visible and palpable facilitation of the quadriceps reflex. The last group of experiments was designed to evaluate the availability of the peripheral feedback mechanism in paralysis agitans. Resting bias could, perhaps, be estimated from the silent period experiments, but passive elongation of the peripheral sensor would show whether it could fire in response to peripheral events. Here, the thumb adductor was simply stretched passively by the


A seven year (1984-90) climatology of tropospheric vertical ozone soundings, performed by electrochemical sondes at the OHP (44 deg N, 6 deg E, 700 m ASL) in Southern France, is presented. Its seasonal variation shows a broad spring/summer maximum in the troposphere. The contribution of photochemical ozone production and transport from the stratosphere to this seasonal variation are studied by a correlative analysis of ozone concentrations and meteorological variables, with emphasis on potential vorticity. This analysis shows the impact of dynamical and photochemical processes on the spatial and temporal ozone variability. In particular, a positive correlation (r = 04.0, significance greater than 99.9 percent) of ozone with potential vorticity is observed in the middle troposphere, reflecting the impact of stratosphere-troposphere exchange on the vertical ozone distribution.


The summer born 'gap', deferred entry and the baseline assessment are issues which both educators and parents have been battling with for a while. Now, with the added pressures of the pandemic, these issues are evermore present.


This issue provides a pot pourri of international information and analysis with both interest and development of understanding . Why do law firms establish practices in foreign markets and does it help their domestic status? Is there some incentive for mid-level firms to precede their higher market share competitors into internationalisation? Powell and Rhee consider how the rate of internationalisation is related to social status and domestic market share in a sample of US law firms. There are interesting results and guidance for law firms about how to consider strategic foreign expansion. Markovic and Plickert take forward the issue of career dissatisfaction among lawyers following the economic recession of 2008. The impact of the recession does not seem to have made law "an unsatisfying career" and most attorneys in their study in the State of Texas are satisfied with being lawyers. Contrary to previous studies race, gender, firm size and years of practical experience have no effect. However, newer attorneys are more dissatisfied than the more experienced and, unsurprisingly, comparatively low incomes, working in private practice rather than government or non-profit, and law firm employment in a non-partner role are all highly predictive of lawyers' career dissatisfaction. Qafisheh sheds light on the world of Palestinian lawyers in the West Bank, Gaza and Israel over the last century. This paper first sets out the history of regulation from Ottoman rule onwards and the characteristics underlying the profession from 1967 to 1993 until the foundation of the Palestinian Bar Association in 1994. It then shows the current features of the profession under Palestinian self-rule in subsequent years. Waye, Verreyne and Knowler assess the effects of innovation on the legal profession in Australia. They are interested in the possibility of "disruptive innovation" in a relatively liberal regulatory framework. They compare their findings with the similar selfreporting of firms in a UK study. It is not clear that "disruptive innovation" is occurring in the Australian profession and bespoke advice seems still to be a model of legal service delivery.


It is known that the electron tunneling from the valence band (EVB) is enhanced for SOI-MOSFETs with low Vds bias. We have modeled this phenomenon based on the surface-potential description. Our model considers the hole storage, which changes the potential distribution in the substrate. With the developed model it is demonstrated that the EVB effect can be predicted for any measurements accurately. The stored charge results in a 1/f noise enhancement at the same time, which is also well predicted.


INFECTIOUS DISEASEST. JULIAN'S, MALTA-- At a meeting here last week, researchers reported that the most aggressive of the circulating human flu strains has become resistant to an older class of flu drugs, deflating hopes they might be used to fight a pandemic.


This is a comprehensive biography on Jean Toomer who was known as the Herald of the Harlem Renaissance. The author delves into the esoteric nature of many of Toomer's life experiences.


ABSTRACT Node-link mapping is a method for visually representing ideas, feelings, and actions. Research has indicated that it can enhance outcomes from drug abuse counseling. The present study extends this research by examining counseling session evaluations collected from probationers participating in 26 group sessions at a residential substance abuse treatment facility (approximately 18 probationers in each session). Sessions were divided into those that involved a large amount of mapping (N = 13) and those that used little or no mapping (N = 13). Participants rated sessions involving more extensive mapping as significantly deeper and as involving more group participation.


The United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace and Security (WPS Agenda) adopted in 2000 is a global milestone that centers women's issues in peace and security efforts. It recognizes the terrible impacts of conflict on women. The WPS Agenda has prompted a call for all UN member states to enhance the participation of women in conflict prevention and resolution as an effort to realize sustainable peace, including by increasing the number of female peacekeepers in the UN Peacekeeping Operations (UN PKO). This research uses a qualitative method by employing a library research approach. It examines relevant foreign policy documents of both countries pertaining to the WPS Agenda and engaging with existing scholarships on the WPS Agenda. Informed by constructivist international relations theory focusing on state norms and identities, this research argues that the Pakistani government's commitment to incorporate a gender perspective in UN peace and security efforts is shaped by the political will of the military government. It has resulted in the recognition of Pakistan in international forums. The increased female peacekeepers in UN operations become an effective tool for peacekeeping diplomacy of both countries so that they could influence the UN global decision-making process.


This paper examines the role of the principal components analysis (PCA) on the performance of two classification systems for text independent speaker verification: the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) and the AR-vector model. The use of the PCA transform resulted in an improvement in the performance of the GMM for training times of 60 s and 30 s. However, the advantage of using PCA was not observed for the AR-vector model. For the case of 10 s training time, there was no benefit in using PCA even with GMM. In this situation, the AR-vector is superior for a 10 s test and worse for a 3 s test. In this latter case, however, all systems yielded error rates above 7%.


Effects of axi-asymmetric combustion conditions were studied in a horizontally oil-fired and 3-staged swirl burner. Axi-asymmetric conditions were created by supplying combustion air through six different air inlets from the back panel of the burner. Experimental conditions were decided by varying the degree of axi-asymmetry and changing the location of the minimum flow rate value in unimodal and bimodal air distribution. Temperature profiles inside a furnace were mapped using R-type thermocouples and flame images were captured by a CCD camera, to investigate the intensity of visible flames, focusing on the effects of asymmetrically supplied combustion air. Experimental results show three distinct phenomena. The unimodal air distribution deformed the flame shape more axi-asymmetrically (inclined toward the minimum flow region) than the bimodal case. The flame shape was affected by buoyancy and by the location of the minimum flow rate in air distribution. Especially, when combustion air was discharged less...


Infrasound and associated wave studies are recently focused on coupling waves with long-distance and vertical propagation characteristics. Such kinds of waves, having with coupling process between the atmosphere and the surface of ground and ocean, are linked with elastic waves in lithosphere and oceanic sphere, as well as to atmospheric regions up to the upper atmosphere, playing a role of generating many kinds of wavelike turbulences in thermosphere. Moreover, whole on the globe, these waves excited depending on the latitude regions, as well as on the environmental regions, such as snow ice, desert, rainforest, mountain, ocean, etc., have their own characteristics. These waves can be excited by large-scale geophysical events like volcanic eruptions, tsunami, thunderstorms, etc. as well as artificial explosions, propagating with long distance. In this session, we would like to discuss such "coupling geophysics" by using many new or well-known investigated data and simulations of infrasound and associated low frequency waves. It can combine multiple spheres in geophysics and bring a brand-new scope of geophysics. Your contributions from many regions are welcome!


The initiation and the propagation of the ureteral peristalsis were studied through the visual observation and the simultaneous recording of action potentials at both renal pelvis and ureter. The results were summarized as follows: 1) The contraction waves were seen to arise at the proximal end of the renal pelvis. Each wave moved from its origin across the adjacent part of the renal pelvis toward the pelviureteric junction forming a crescentric wave front centering the pelviureteric junction. But some waves failed to propagate not only at the pelviureteric junction but also within the renal pelvis. 2) By electromyographic study, pacemaker potentials were recorded clearly at the proximal end of the pelvis and the interval of the discharge was constant throughout the recording period. Some of the electrical waves failed to conduct within the renal pelvis as well as at the pelviureteric junction.


Alternative and safe control methods for stored product pests are in demand. Powder and essential oil of Mentha viridis plant leaves were tested under laboratory conditions for its ability to protect cowpea seeds against Callosobruchus maculatus with the respect to adult's mortality, hatchability of laid eggs and emergency of selected insect. Moreover, GC-MS analysis was carried out to identify the possible biologically active components from spearmint oil. Furthermore, the effect of spearmint oil and powder on the germination of cowpea seeds was also investigated. The insect was reared and tested on whole cowpea grain. The efficacy of these plant products was evaluated relative to malathion insecticide as standard compound to protect cowpea grains against C. maculatus. The results showed that, the oil and powdered of M. viridis were effective against C. maculatus insect with the respect to mortality of insect adults. Also, the oil and powdered products of Mentha viridis significantly reduced the number of eggs laid, hatchability and subsequently the emergency of C. maculatus insect relative to control treatment. Slight effect of spearmint products (oil and powder) on the germination of cowpea seeds relative to control was recorded. The efficacy of spearmint oil and powder against the tested insect due to the presence of different compounds that known by its insecticidal activity. The results suggested that, the spearmint oil and powder are promising as alternative of chemical control against C. maculatus in cowpea seeds to overcome resistance of the insect against insecticides and reduce the environmental pollution.


Work accomplished on the Rene 41 alloy included determination of exposure, the effects at 100/hr at 1400, 1600, and 1800 deg F without stress, and under stresses yielding creep deformations of approximately 1% under the same conditions on room temperature tensile properties. Creepexposure tests of the 80 Ni--20 Cr alloy were conducted for 5 or 50 hours at 1000 to 1800 deg F on small- and largegrain materials. Tensile tests at room temperature indicated that the large-grain material exhibited greater increase in strength and smaller decrease in ductility than the small-grain material after prior strain at either room temperature or elevated temperature. Creep exposure for longer than 50 hr at 1800 deg F resulted in extensive surface cracking and negligible ductility in subsequent tensile tests. (For preceding period see NP-8767.) (J.R.D.)


While Taiwan's democratization and China's continuing authoritarianism have often been attributed to the decisions of their leaders, might there, instead, be external factors which have ensured that these two polities would have walked along more or less the same route that they have so far, regardless of who their rulers are? Questions as such make for a good basis of comparison between the two states and may offer a deeper insight into the facets of democracy and authoritarianism. Without contesting the relevance of other factors in influencing these two states' political trajectories, this paper explores and evaluates the two most popular sets of factors – economic factors related to the modernization theory and those from the international environment including impacts from abroad on regime security and on domestic dissident movements – which have been put forward to explain Taiwan's democratization versus China's continuing authoritarianism.


1 2 3 4 5 Poliovirus infection transiently increases COPII vesicle budding 6 Meg Trahey, Hyung Suk Oh, Craig E. Cameron, and Jesse C. Hay 7 Division of Biological Sciences and Center for Structural and Functional Neurosceince, 8 The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812; Department of Biochemistry and 9 Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802 10 11 *Current address: Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical 12 School, Boston, MA 02115 13 Running Title: PV affects COPII vesicle budding 14 Abstract word count: 154 15 Text word count: 4,087 16 #Corresponding author: email@example.com 17 Tel.: 406-243-2381 18 Fax: 406-243-4184 19 20 21 22 23 Copyright © 2012, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. J. Virol. doi:10.1128/JVI.01159-12 JVI Accepts, published online ahead of print on 27 June 2012


We describe the management of a case of multidrug-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in a patient who had previously undergone photorefractive keratectomy and subsequent penetrating keratoplasty for Schnyder's crystalline corneal dystrophy. This pathogen is rare and, in this case, was multi-drug resistant.


Virtual reality technology has become the hotspot in the information research and development field recent years.Its considerable progress has offered the effective means for the city emulation.It is of great importance to the urban planning and sustainable development of cities.In this paper,according to the prototype of city residential area,making use of modeling tool Creator and development tool Vega,adopting hierarchical data structure,an emulation model of residential area is constructed and optimized.Based on this,by using VegaAPI,the roaming of residential area on Visual C++ environment is realized to meet the requirement of real-time system.Also the system provides more reliable assurance for the planning and sustainable development of the residential area.


The process of recognizing the postal codes or zip codes in a handwritten address can be aided by many sources of external knowledge. City and state names are obvious examples that can be used in conjunction with a city-state-zip directory to provide evidence about digits in a zip code. This paper describes an extension of this methodology that uses knowledge about legal street names and subfixes to constrain the digits in a zip code. The technique does not require complete recognition of all characters in words. Rather, a feature description of words is used to index a set of possible zip codes. Some preliminary experiments with the ZlP+4 database are discussed. It is shown that even a relatively simple description of two words in the street line of an address can significantly reduce the number of zip codes that could appear on a piece of mail.


Formation of negative ions as a result of the interactions of a heavy ion beam with a surface under coverage of an alkali element is calculated by developing a Monte Carlo simulation code. Discussions are made on the relation among the main parameters of the physical process. The effects of the incident ion energy and cesium coverage on velocity distribution of the sputtered atoms, and consequently the negative ionization efficiency, are calculated. The simulation results show good agreement with the available experimental results.


Since the gravitational wave event GW170817 and gamma-ray burst GW170817A, there have been numerous studies constraining the burst properties through analysis of the afterglow light curves. Most agree that the burst was viewed off-axis with a ratio of the observer angle to the jet angle (θ obs/θ j ) between 4 and 6. We use a parameterized model and broadband synchrotron data up to ∼800 days post-merger to constrain parameters of the burst. To reproduce the hydrodynamics of a gamma-ray burst outflow, we use a two-parameter "boosted fireball" model. The structure of a boosted fireball is determined by the specific internal energy, η 0, and the bulk Lorentz factor, γ B ( ∼ 1/θ j ), with shapes varying smoothly from a quasi-spherical outflow for low values of γ B to a highly collimated jet for high values. We run simulations with γ B in the range 1–20 and η 0 in the range 2–15. To calculate light curves, we use a synchrotron radiation model characterized by F peak, ν m , and ν c , and calculate millions of spectra at different times and θ obs values using the boxfit radiation code. We can tabulate the spectral parameter values from our spectra and rapidly generate arbitrary light curves for comparison to data in MCMC analysis. We find that our model prefers a gamma-ray burst with jet energy E j ∼ 1050 erg and with an observer angle of θobs=0.65−0.14+0.13 radians and ratio to the jet opening angle of (θ obs/θ j ) = 5.4−0.38+0.53 .


Aboriginal groups throughout Canada have certainly succeeded and failed in the pursuit of their constitutional rights. These include land rights associated with commercial fishing, land claims, democratic rights, self-determination, self-government, and the general interpretation of section 35 in Canada's Constitution Act of 1982, which affects the outcome of many Aboriginal rights claims. The Supreme Court of Canada's interpretation of section 35 over many years has gradually progressed to positively benefit Aboriginal groups and improve the scope of Aboriginal rights (Dalton, 2006, p. 11). In this research paper, I will discuss several ways in which Aboriginal groups have succeeded in litigation, with particular focus on R. v. Sparrow, R. v. Kapp, and other cases showing the gradual shift in the interpretation of section 35. While these cases are certainly successful ones, the Court continues to reject the Aboriginal right to selfdetermination. Importantly, the judiciary accepts the doctrine of reconciliation, which is essential to Aboriginal success in the courts.


The effects of the relative molecular mass and concentration of PEG and the concentration of (NH4)2SO4 and NaCl on the partition coefficient of βmannanase and the total protein and the volume ratio of the top phases were studied. βmannanase was recovered with high yield in the top phase when 20%(m/m) PEG, 15%(m/m) and 2%(m/m) NaCl were applied. The purity of βmannanase increased by 2.76 times with a yield of 98.79%.


The electric energy transformation system for PEMFC is introduced.A 5 kW high frequency transformer for this system is discussed.Based on PEMFC specification,the relevant parameters of high frequency transformer are designed.The results of simulation and experimentation are provided.The results show that this high frequency transformer can implement the transition from the lower PEMFC voltage to required output voltage.