Objective To investigate whether intragastric acidification could improve the accuracy of ~14C-urea breath test.Methods Two hundred and fifty functional dyspepsia patients were divided into two groups to undergo a test.The first group of one hundred and twenty-five patients underwent conventional ~14C-urea breath test(UBT-1),while the second group of the same amount of patients took a modified UBT(UBT-2),which was similar with UBT-1 but includs consuming 200 ml of 0.1 mol/L citric acid solution at the administration of ~14Curea.Mean ~14CO_2 expiration and the accuracy,specificity and sensitivity of the diagnosis were compared for the two UBTs.Results (1)To the patients with H.pylori positive results,the ~14CO_2 expiration in UBT-1 was more than that in UBT-2(P0.05);patients with H.pylori negative results,~14CO_2 expiration in UBT-1 was less than that in UBT-2(P0.05).(2)The first group : the accuracy,specificity and sensitivity of diagnosis were 92%,91% and 92% correspondingly.On the other hand,the accuracy,specificity and sensitivity were 98.5%,100% and 98% respectively,which were higher than that of the first group,but there was no evident difference on the sensitivity between two groups.Conclusion Giving citric acid at the administration of ~14C-urea breath test can increase the accuracy of the diagnosis.


Abstract This research is motivated by several cases in Pilot PT. Garuda Indonesia, Tbk. (PT GI) ranging from cases of strikes to violations of law and ethics. Though there is already Chief Pilot assigned to communicate and control their performance through leadership communication. But in fact, there are still many obstacles. That is why researchers interested want to know, reveal, and unravel about leadership communication skills of Chief Pilot in controlling the performance of Pilot PT. Garuda Indonesia, Tbk, especially on Airbus 330-300 Chief Pilot, because the Airbus 330-300 Pilots are numerous, and also spread all over the world. The objective is to generate an understanding of the Chief Pilot leadership form, motives, and obstacles in controlling the performance of the Pilot PT. Garuda Indonesia, Tbk. The theory used is Organizational Control Theory and Situational Leadership Theory, in Constructivist paradigm, and a descriptive case study perspective. The results of this study can be understood that the form of leadership skills of Chief Pilot leadership skills are effective listening skills, verbal and non verbal skills, trust building skills, skills to improve understanding, empowering others skills, technical control skills, and bureaucratic control skills. The Chief Pilot's leadership communication motive is to connect, to convince, to provide a complex arrangement of situations, to control pilot behavior, to be a spokesman, and to monitor pilot quality. The obstacles of Chief Pilot leadership communication skills are, physical obstacles, psychosocial barriers, and distance barriers. Keywords: Communication Skills, Leadership, Pilot


Global warming and very poor air quality cause many diseases and catastrophes on the planet. As such they are the most important drivers of thorough research and evaluation of the influence of bus transportation on the environment. The core objective of this thesis was to make a comparison and evaluation of energy carriers (gas, hydrogen and electricity) from renewable energy sources (i.e. wind, solar, water) with conventional fuels (oil) used in different kinds of buses. The comparison and evaluation were done based on economic and environmental analysis. The key question arose from the general concerns: Could it make any sense and reason to proceed and execute the alternative bus technology development and research despite the high-purchase bus costs? Does sustainable bus transport truly offer an environmental advantage with respect to air pollution? Does secondary environmental impact (such as noise level) play a role as well? This work provides an economic and an environmental assessment of different alternative bus technologies in comparison to conventional diesel buses. The analyses included a technological overview, economic assessment and environmental evaluation. The analyses were focused on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and air pollution. This thesis investigated the most significant advantages and disadvantages of alternative- versus conventional bus technologies. As the transport sector is one of the major generators of GHG emissions and air pollution, the switch to battery-electric buses or fuel-cells electric buses could lead to the reduction of local air pollution and global GHG emissions. The total analysis indicates that competitive methodology A TCO TCO methodology TCO the the present value Total is a Total Cost of


This paper explores the Chinese enterprises' wealth effect of cross-border M&A and the factors which impact it. The results indicate that in the [-10, 10] event window Chinese enterprises' get wealth effect from cross-border M&A, but in the longer event windows this wealth effect doesn't exist. And high R&D density of the acquirer enterprises, acquisitions experience and host country's high level of innovation have positive influence to this cumulative abnormal return, while large asset scale, high growth speed, high equity centralized degrees and horizontal acquisition mode have significant negative effects.


Germanium-containing conjugated compounds are regarded as powerful candidates for the development of optoe-lectronic material. As a subclass of germanium-containing conjugated compounds and a crucial type of the heavy analogues of aromatic compounds, germanium-containing aromatic hydrocarbons (Ge-AHs) have attracted much attention and developed rapidly in recent days. According to the charge of the Ge-AHs, these species were categorized into three subclasses: neutral, anionic and cationic species. Herein, the synthetic methodology together with the reactivity of these reported Ge-AHs is sum-marized and the parameters used for the evaluation of the aromaticity of these compounds is highlighted. Ge-AHs and aromatic hydrocarbons share similar structural and magnetic properties. However, their major reactivity is quite different. This review will not only inspire the discovery of new structures and reactivities of Ge-Ahs, but also help to form a deeper understanding of the concept of aromaticy.


Objective To explore the water quality of the product water from the centralized water supply system in Hunan, 2006. Methods The sanitary quality of the product water samples collected from 28 centralized water supply system in cities and 39 centralized water supply system in counties in Hunan, 2006, which distributed among the area of Xiangjiang River, Zishui River, Yuanjiang River and Lishui River, were determined and evaluated according to the Standards for Drinking Water Quality (GB5749—2006). Results The eligible rate of the water sample was 70.1%. Among 74 water quality indexes, 12 indexes (such as antimony,aluminum,pH value,manganese and so on) exceeded the standard limits in degrees in some centralized water supply systems. Most of the routine indices of water quality were unqualified and the reference indices were qualified. The quality of some water samples presented statistical difference in some indices (such as aluminum, sulphate, arsenic, et al) among 4 different river areas in Hunan province (P0.05). The contents of aluminum and sulfate in the water samples showed higher level in Lishui River area, the content of stibium showed higher level in Zijiang River area and the contents of arsenic and cadmium showed higher level in Xiangjiang River area. Conclusion The content of some substances in the product water from some centralized water supply systems exceeded the related standard limits in Hunan.


Providing a system and method for adjusting the voltage level at the load. The method of current control means arranged to generate a first inductor and a second inductor current and voltage control means arranged to provide coupled in series through part of the current to regulate the voltage level. The second inductor parasitic capacitance of the load current control means and isolated. Electric power conversion device for regulating the voltage level at the load includes a current control means and voltage control means, the current control means coupled to the power source and configured to generate a current through the series inductor coupled to the first and second inductors, voltage control means coupled to the second portion of the sensor and configured to regulate the voltage level of the supply current.


Part 1: Beauty under judgement - the difficulty of beauty, the matter, form and power of a commonwealth, a certain beauty of order taste and civil society - taste and the je ne sais quoi, Whig Hellenism, the institutionalization of beauty and order, critic on the beach, form and discrimination, materials for a good system, taste and the wealth of nations, taste and civil society aesthetic and the police-state - polizei and philosophy, rational jurisprudence and culture, the dream castle of reason, art and the lower faculty, art and the system, aesthetic as a philosophy of history, aesthetic and the police-state. Part 2: Judgement before the critique - orientation in tradition, theoretical judgement, practical judgement, judgement and pleasure, the riddle of the "self-alienating understanding" the critique of judgement power-the critical text - pleasure and technique, analytic of the beautiful, analytic of the sublime, tradition in the deduction, life and frivolity, life and the summum bonnum.


I read with interest the article by Amin Al Olama et al.1 that used a simple small vessel disease (SVD) score (0–3) from rapid visual assessment of clinical MRI scans to predict the risk of cognitive decline and dementia in a pooled analysis of 3 cohorts. They found that a simple SVD score could be more valuable to predict future dementia risk.1 This work would be greatly helpful for our clinicians to measure the SVD cases who will progress to dementia just by using simple and available routine clinical MRI scans. However, there are still some issues that should be addressed. First, as one of the most important biomarkers of SVD, enlarged perivascular spaces (ePVS) were not included in this simple SVD score, which may be due to the finding that ePVS was not associated with cognitive dysfunction in a recent meta-analysis of 5 cross-sectional studies.2 However, whether ePVS contributes to cognitive decline should be further confirmed in longitudinal studies. As a result, it should be with caution that a conclusion be made that ePVS is not associated with cognitive decline with the evidence from cross-sectional studies.3 Second, there were great heterogeneities in the above 3 different studies by using a battery of neuropsychological tests such as global cognition, executive function, and processing speed.2 Third, different study populations, different follow-up periods, different dementia diagnostic criteria, the heterogeneity of SVD lesions, and large variability in clinical symptoms among patients with SVD all contributed to some selection bias or heterogeneities. As a result, as a global rather than a focal disease, the combined structural and functional connectivities to explore how network disruption by SVD can lead to cognitive deficits and its underlying compensatory mechanisms could be more convincing and promising.4 Network disruption may have a central role in the pathogenesis of cognitive decline and dementia in SVD.5,6


Nozzle unit (120) heating the chamber (140) arranged and solid material in (20) material heating cell holding (100) having at one end a, the nozzle of the chamber from the other end of the chamber by supplying a fluid toward the part, the material evaporated from the heated said material heating cells to guide the nozzle portion, with ejected from the nozzle portion, the nozzle outside of the nozzle portion of the chamber by spraying deposition material straight control gas towards the tip of the department, straight controlling the material discharged from the nozzle portion.


There is general consensus from the views we expressed in our meta-analyses and Gibbons and Gerrard's (2016) commentary that it is beneficial to consider prototype favourability and similarity as distinct constructs, and that their interaction term can increase predictive validity (van Lettow et al., 2016). Health (risk) behaviours are often performed in a social context, and the prototype willingness model social reactive pathway offers a way to understand how these social images may influence behaviour. The social context is particularly important in prototype formation but also in influencing its favourability, as individuals are aware of the social consequences of their behaviour (Gerrard, Gibbons, Houlihan, Stock, & Pomery, 2008). Conversely, prototype similarity might depend less on social context, and more on internal self-perception, prototype identification, and image relevance. The meta-analyses suggest that prototype favourability is more closely linked to willingness (i.e., social reactive pathway), whereas similarity to prototypes is linked to intention (i.e., reasoned action pathway). Gibbons and Gerrard (2016) touched on this and considered identity important to prototype similarity. This idea is worth pursuing in future research, as research has found that prototype identification is important to a wide range of health-related behaviours (Rivis, Sheeran, & Armitage, 2011). It is also worthwhile testing whether identity has a stronger impact on actual behaviour for those with conflicting favourability and similarity evaluations compared to those for whom perceptions of favourability are in line with similarity. Where prototype similarity and favourability are inconsistent, Gibbons andGerrard (2016) suggest that thismay reflect individuals at different stages of behaviour change,withpotential to incorporate concepts from the transtheoretical model (Prochaska & DiClemente, 1982) or health action process approach (Schwarzer & Luszczynska, 2008). This is certainly worth testing in future research. Where there are competingprototypes, suchas actor andabstainer images for the samebehaviour, it couldbeuseful to explore (ormanipulate) the salience of these images, particularly where prototype favourabilitymay be difficult to change. Salience might also be conceptually related to the 'mere measurement effect', whereby merely


In nonstandard topology we can describe a given topology by the neighbourhood-monads of the standard points (see Sari, chapter 6 in Diener and Diener (2)). Calling an internal point near-standard if it is contained in the neighbourhood-monad of some standard point and remote otherwise we give some statements about locally finite families and paracompact spaces in terms of near- standard and remote points. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification 03H05 (primary); 54J05 (secondary)


This paper examines media platforms' content provision strategies and their implications for the profits of media platforms and content suppliers.


This paper proposes 'optimal switching control during structured treatment interruption,' which switches RTI and PI to reduce medication and establish long‐term immune response against HIV. The proposed method is compared with 'optimized STI' through numerical simulation. The proposed method results in a more rapid increase of CTLp, and thus total drug intake and the therapy period are reduced. HIV treatment simulation results are analyzed in terms of controllability. Due to the effect of PI, 'optimal switching control during STI' can achieve greater controllability more quickly than 'optimized STI.'


We generated five murine monoclonal antibodies reactive with ovarian cancer‐associated antigen CA125. These monoclonal antibodies seemed to bind to separate epitopes from OC125 antibody, known to recognize CA125. A series of im‐munoradiometric assays for measuring serum CA125 values rapidly and sensitively were devised using these monoclonal antibodies. The antigenic determinant of a new immunoradiometric assay was different from that of a currently used CA125 kit employing OC125 both as a catcher and a tracer. However, serum antigen levels were closely correlated to each other and were elevated not only in patients with ovarian cancer, but also in patients with endometriosis and in some normal females during menstruation. These results suggest that CA125 has at least two antigenic determinants close to each other and this new rapid assay is useful, although not specific for ovarian cancer, in patients with gynecological disorders.


Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 46, 2005

1538

Background: Lewisy and Lewisb antigens are complex carbohydrates and over-expressed by breast, lung, colon and ovarian cancers. The SC101 mAb is a unique Lewis y/b binding antibody which binds to native and extended Lewisy and Lewisb haptens and there is no cross reactivity with H type 1 or H type 2, Lewis x or normal blood group antigens. Material and methods: The immunohistochemical detection of Lewisy/b was performed on 660 formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded breast tumours sections using a routine streptavidin-biotin peroxidase technique.Tissue from these patients had previously been included in tissue microarrays. The present specimen comprises a well characterized series of patients with primary operable breast cancer diagnosed between 1987 and 1992 obtained from the Nottingham Tenovus Primary Breast Carcinoma Series. This includes patients 70 years of age or less (mean: 54) with a long term follow up (mean:7 years). Results: 370 out of 660 (56%) of breast carcinomas were considered negative for Lewis y/b expression,17% (110) 0f cases showed a low level of expression ( 75% of positive cells).We found a positive association between histological grade (p<0.001), Nottingham Prognostic Index (p=0.016) and tumour type (p=0.007) and the level of expression of Lewis y/b. Conclusion: The unique epitope recognised by SC101 mAb on Lewis y/b hapten is over-expressed on breast tissue than normal breast. Moreover, our results lead us to conclude that in this large series of invasive breast cancers, low expression of Lewis y/b was more often found in low grade, good prognosis tumours compared to bad prognosis cancers.


Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, or magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), is a powerful physical technique to determine the quantity and structure of chemical compounds in a specimen. It involves the interaction of radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic radiation with a collection of nuclei immersed in a strong magnetic field. It is unique in its ability to provide nondestructive chemical analyses in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, no or very little pretreatment of the specimen is required prior to making a measurement. Spectra take only a few minutes to acquire, and it is not necessary to preselect the metabolites of interest in order to detect and quantify them. Its limitations are a lack of availability of instruments and large databases of spectral changes correlated with pathological conditions, and a detection sensitivity of approximately 1 µM.


This thesis seeks to understand and explain change in economy of the Kenyah people of the Fourth Division of Sarawak, Malaysia, from a Kenyah point of view. Four main hypotheses are examined: first that the aim, direction and nature of change are shaped by 'inner' forces; second that social and cultural factors are no hindrance to change; third that change in Kenyah society as a whole is an aggregate of individually motivated change rather than the result of communal efforts; finally that the Kenyah consider their current economy as a logical system within the contemporary social and economic environment. Kenyah are able to initiate economic change by themselves. They engage actively in both subsistence and cash economies, making all use they can of the currently active timber industry. Swidden has undergone significant changes. Kenyah social and economic systems possess internal mechanisms which drive them to search for new opportunities. The roles of social rivalry and conflict are emphasized. Indifference to certain agents of change is not a sign of unresponsiveness; it reflects a desire to adopt changes that suit their objectives. Conflict with the State lies in terms of approaches and objectives to change. The thesis first views Kenyah, their environment, history and economy, at macroscale. Most data are, however, drawn from micro-scale research among sample longhouses and families. In conclusion policy implications of the research are indicated and the 'populist' approach to rural development is examined; some sources of reservation are outlined.


This evening we honor the legacy of Harvey A. K. Whitney, who lived and practiced pharmacy as a profession of hope. He valued pharmacy as a special calling requiring knowledge and intense academic preparation. With compassion and commitment, he delivered sustainable, high-impact services with an


Nicholas Grene puts a magnifying glass to certain elements in Yeats's poetry so effectively that, having applied yourself to his tidy book, you will never again read the poetry without feeling them rise up from the text, like flocking, more palpable than before. They include Yeats's indulgence of verbal pairs of which the reader, too, can grow rather fond: this and that ; here and there ; bitter and sweet ; but and half. If you add, as Grene does, dates and places, birds and beasts, complex molecules of tenses, the word dream, and the play of voices—or even if you don't—you see that ''poetic codes'' is not the right catchall term. Indeed, the various foci resist being collected into one phrase. They form a hodgepodge, and as with any other hodgepodge that might be selected from the poetry (e.g., will, dance, song, play, night), the crosscurrents of Yeats's thinking can be found in them. Only in this rather rarefied sense do they form a code. However that may be, Grene's book is a treasure chest of exact parsings and acute observations, all of them well expressed, the prose plain and concise. (Grene, who teaches at Trinity College, Dublin, is a critic in the British empirical style, free of both jargon, except for ''codes,'' and the precarious brilliance possible to theory.) The chapters on dates, this and that, and tense and mood are the most discovering, the most valuable. You learn that the dates in Yeats's titles are less often matters of record than moody gestures, pointing fingers, or casualties of the history of the poem's composition. Moody, for instance, is the title ''Nineteen Hundred and Nineteen'': '''Seven years ago,' taken literally in a poem called 'Nineteen Hundred and Nineteen,' removes the attention from 1914 to the less significant 1912,'' which is nine years back from the poem's composition in 1921. ''But Yeats was not in the business of literal dating. . . . His purpose,


The sequence suffix is partitioned into several parts by using appropriate policy, each partition is processed independently on the cluster systems to produce a temporary result, the final maximal tandem repeats set is achieved from the union of all temporary results, and a parallel algorithm for long sequences maximal tandem repeats recognition is presented based on partitioning suffix array. The parallel algorithm can decrease processing time and space consumption. The experimental results also show that the algorithm is flexible and scalable.


The Development of entrepreneurship curriculum in our schools can be reached by many methods, for example: Entrepreneurship that is integrated within learning processes, extracurricular, personal development, local content, and so on. Then realized in Teaching and Learning Activities with the syllabus and lesson plans that integrated with the values of Tawheed. In subjects which includes practicum can be oriented throughout entrepreneurial values. In the tauhidic entrepreneurship curriculum must also contain a variety of essential elements of Qur'an and Hadith, which are entrepreneurial guidance of Islam and containing of history of life of the Prophet Muhammad, Muslim Entrepreneurs Ethics is sourced from exemplary business behavior Prophet, Islamic Entrepreneurship must follow the rules of the Islamic economic system.


Since entering this new century, our global society has faced unprecedented challenges in energy production. It is more urgent than ever to address our ever increasing thirst for energy and the resultant environmental impact caused by the energy production. Today, electricity is one of the most common commodities of energy. The generation of electricity is, consequently, one of the largest global sources of environmentally concerning emissions. According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), the overall electric power consumption in the United States has increased from 3302 billion kilowatthours (kWh) in 1997 to 3974 billion kWh in 2008. As a result, more than 2477 million metric tons of CO2 were emitted in 2008 simply due to electricity generation, which accounts for about 40% of the U.S. total annual CO2 emissions. In his 2011 address of the State of Union, President Obama mentioned an ambitious goal of achieving 80% of electricity from clean energy sources by 2015 [1]. A majority of states in the U.S. have passed Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS), which set aggressive goals to achieve given percentages of electricity generated from renewables by particular deadlines [2]. To address the aforementioned challenges and to achieve the clean energy goals, given the ecological and social stagnation that we are experiencing in our urban centers, we will have to come up with innovative, cost effective, community energizing and ecologically friendly complementary additions and alternatives to our traditional power generation methods. Before introducing what we call the Detroit and Southeastern Michigan Community Wind Power Cooperative Model (henceforth referred to as the "Detroit model"), we shall first describe the traditional community wind farm model upon which it is historically based. We shall also include some of the key refinements and improvements made to the traditional model which subsequently led to the development of the Detroit Model, in order to first familiarize the reader with the foundational concepts of community wind. Traditionally, community based wind power has involved placing medium to large commercial sized (250 kW-2MW) wind turbines into rural settings to provide electric power for local communities or to be sold externally to make a profit or both. These turbines range in height from 150 to 425 feet and have rotor diameters of between 100 300 feet [8]. There have been many forms of ownership throughout the history of community wind, however the most prevalent forms, and for our purposes, most important one's have


This paper examines the question of whether foreign direct investment (FDI) creates or replaces international trade. Theoretical and empirical studies in the past have shown that FDI tends to replace trade, but more recent evidence suggests the opposite, that is, FDI creates and complements trade. We analyse the outward investment of Japan and the United States to 29 and 32 countries respectively for the period 1996 to 1999. Our analysis indicates that trade creating effect dominates on the whole, and that this effect also varies significantly across countries. Copyright 2003, Oxford University Press.


The invention relates to a process for producing an adhesive bond between layers of copper, applied by thermally spraying powdered copper (4) or copper alloys, and ceramics (6). Finely grained copper powder (4) with an average grain diameter </= 20 mu m is applied to the ceramic surface by thermal spraying.


Mastitis is an infectious disease of livestock affecting agricultural economy especially in developing countries. Present review was designed to gather literature about the traditional uses of Pakistani anti-mastitis plants and their In vitro background against a common multidrug resistant mastitis causing bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. Different online search engines were used use to collect data such as Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar and Pub Med.Traditional healers of Pakistan used 38 plants for the treatment of mastitis in buffaloes and cows. Zingiberaceae, Asteraceae, Rutaceae and Solanaceae (3 plants each) were the most preferred plant families while the roots, fruits and seeds were the most commonly used parts for the treatment of mastitis in Pakistan. Thirteen plants were reported to be evaluated for their antibacterial activities. Different extracts had shown good activities against S. aureus, however, ethanolic, aqueous and methanolic extracts shown greater inhibition zone (1025mm). Variety of phytochemical classes was identified from in-vitro tested plants such as saponins, glycosides, alkaloids, carbohydrates flavonoids and terpenoids. Literature review showed that S. aureus is resistant (60-100%) to commonly used antibiotics against mastitis. In Pakistan large number of plants are being used against mastitis but most of the regions are yet to explore. Moreover, many reported plants were found to be active against S. aureus while large number of plants is still unexplored. There is a dire need to expedite detailed ethnopharmacological studies on unexplored anti-mastitis plants for the replacement of current drugs with new plant based drugs.


The study is the result of extensive fieldwork undertaken in the suburban and village communities of the Pennine foothills on the western outskirts of the city of Sheffield. The approach is empirical su.ch that consideration is given to the complete recorded repertoires of all the singers encountered rather than particular genres of song based on criteria imposed by the researcher. Moreover the study does not discuss these repertoires in isolation, but relates them to their setting. An understanding of the bond that exists between a singer and his songs is shown to be of great importance, and to this end eight of the major singers are discussed in depth. The importance of context is stressed and particular reference is made to the tradition of singing in local public houses. The final section details some of the most important aspects of the local tradition including an historical perspective, recognisable elements for stability and change, the interaction between participants, their style of singing, and above all their major concerns as shown in the type of songs they favour. The transcriptions occupy the second and third volumes of the study and are classified in alphabetical order according to the performer. They are accompanied by a summary of the essential melodic features, including pitch, tempo, range, scale and melodic form. The transcriptions attempt to accurately represent a singer's performance, as far as this is possible within conventional staff notation. It is therefore suggested that they be examined in conjunction with the original tape recordings from which they were made.


The aim of this research is to decide whether there is a significant connection between the basic value level of students who study at the Painting Department of natolian Fine Arts and Sport High School and Public High School students and their receiving art education. The sample of the research consists of 3116 students. There is a meaningful difference on behalf of students of AFASHS (PD) between the students of AFASHS (PD) and PHS's students in terms of basic values. In the analysis of the results of sub-dimension of basic values a meaningful difference was observed on some dimensions such as universalism, self tendency, success, stimulation, kindness on behalf of students of AFASHS in comparison with PHS's students. There weren't any significant differences between two kinds of schools in other subdimensions such as strength, hedonism, self tendency, obedience and security.


Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) technique, which can be used to research the white matter of human brain noninvasively, provides more valuable information in the study of white matter abnormality, especially using fractional anisotropy (FA) images calculated from DTI data. Although there are many different DTI data analysis software, most of them are inconvenient to use and qualitative via visual inspection. To provide assistance to physicians in improving the facilitation and sensitivity of the white matter abnormality analysis, we developed an automated FA analysis method of an individual in comparison with a group of normal controls, which was based on the principle of voxel based analysis (VBA), and contained preprocessing, database, and statistical analysis procedures. Only using FA and Bo images, the final results about the white matter structure difference would be displayed automatically and interactively. Some data generated during the processing were stored to corresponding path and could be checked when necessary. We applied this methods to Alzheimer's disease (AD). The final result supplied the brain regions where FA values of AD were reduced. DTI data from fifteen AD and sixteen elderly healthy subjects was used to analyse and the brain regions which affected by AD were consonant in the main with the previous study, such as corpus callosum, cingulate regions, and so on. This method could be valuable tool to help physicians in making their clinical decisions.


Abstract The role played maps in the planning of MiltonKeynes is described in this paper. MiltonKeynes is the latest of the new generation of New Towns in the United Kingdom.This paper was presented by the annual Symposium of the Society in September 1970 at the University of Bristol.


In this paper, we prove that the transformed sample Lorenz curve, normalized sample Lorenz curve, and the test statistics for testing of normality based on the normalized sample Lorenz curve and the modified Lorenz curve which were introduced by Kang and Cho (2001a, 2002) are location and scale invariant statistics.


It is estimated that almost one million Australians will have diabetes by the year 2000. Of those with diabetes a significant proportion will have eye‐related conditions, the most debilitating being diabetic retinopathy.


The invention relates to a device for managing the availability of digital data (7) accessible by a computer network (3), which includes means for: storing (71) at least one address (www.serv-i.com ) of digital data having an access availability to be determined, said address being associated with a contact (Agent i) stored in an instant messaging application of a user; determining (72) the access availability to said digital data via a computer network (3); sending an availability indicator of said associated contact to the user's instant messaging presence manager (8). The invention also relates to a method for managing the availability of digital data (7) accessible by the computer network (3).


Blends of polypropylene (PP) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) were prepared by both batch mixing followed by compression molding and extruder compounding followed by injection molding. Compression molded PP-LDPE blends were found to have very poor toughness, whereas extruded blends, injection molded without weld lines, were quite tough. Injection molded blend specimens with weld lines were found to be weaker and failed at very low elongations at break. A simple adhesion analysis is presented which explains well the weakness at the weld line expected for incompatible blends. Addition of an ethylene-propylene polymer with residual ethylene crystallinity was found to be a more effective "compatibilizer" for blends deficient in toughness than a related copolymer with less crystallinity. This effect is attributed to the more block-like character of the former which permits it to play more nearly the interfacial role required of the ideal blend compatibilizing agent.


We present a new algorithm that utilizes mathematical morphology for pyramidal decomposition of color images. Several previous approaches have utilized linear or morphological smoothing to obtain pyramidal representations of monochrome images. In this paper an extension of various previously developed monochrome pyramid algorithms is presented. Our decomposition algorithm allows for lossy color image compression by using Block Truncation Coding at the pyramid levels to attain reduced bit rates.


A new four-parameter distribution with decreasing, increasing, and upside-down bathtub failure rate called the beta exponential-geometric distribution is proposed. The new distribution, generated from the logit of a beta random variable, extends the exponential-geometric distribution of Adamidis and Loukas (1998) and some other distributions. A comprehensive mathematical treatment of this distribution is provided. Some expressions for the moment generating function, moments, order statistics, and Rényi entropy of the new distribution are derived. Estimation of the stress-strength parameter is also obtained. The model parameters are estimated by the maximum likelihood method and Fisher information matrix is discussed. Finally, an application to a real data set is illustrated.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the research hypothesis that group guidance and group counseling procedures would produce positive changes in the self-concept and professional attitudes of prospective teachers. Pre- and post-test measures of the Tennessee Self Concept Scale, TERP (ES-VII) Attitude Scale, and the Vocational Decision Questionnaire and a post-Attitudinal Questionnaire were administered to 302 prospective teachers. Statistical analysis of the results showed significant positive gains for several subgroups with subgroups of females in comparison with males and Group Guidance students in comparison with Directed students showing the greater positive gains. The conclusion reached in this study is that group guidance and group counseling produced significant changes in the self-concept and professional attitudes of prospective teachers.


Portrait of a modern hero whose capacity to live each moment to its fullest is revealed in a series of adventures in Crete.


A room-temperature Tm,Ho:YLF laser is constructed with a 2.5-mm-long Tm(6%) and Ho(0.4%) co-doped yttrium lithium fluoride crystal pumped by a laser diode operating at 792nm. The output power as a function incident pump power at different output coupler transmission values is given. At room temperature, the laser operates on a single transverse mode (TEM00) at 2.066μm, the laser threshold pump power is 55mW, and its maximum output power and optical-to-optical conversion efficiency are 388mW and 14.1% respectively. At the same time, the output power and optical-to-optical conversion efficiency as a function of incident pump power at different temperatures are obtained. Furthermore, the experimental results are explained reasonably.


The United States is currently the world's top destination for global diaspora. The overwhelming majority of these people groups will make their new homes in the city since for many the city represents the place where practical resources and opportunities seem most plentiful. Many cities across the United States are experiencing not only an influx of global newcomers but also the return of and the expansion of indigenous populations. The latter occurrence often manifests in the form of gentrification. This "first to the cities meets back to cities" intersection is also a crossroads for urban diaspora missiology. Gentrification presents some unique challenges to and opportunities for urban diaspora missiology. This paper will briefly examine current scholarship on the issue of gentrification and include a brief history of gentrification. Also included will be an evaluation of the primary challenges and opportunities that gentrification presents to urban diaspora missiology, along with some conclusions and recommendations for dealing with this emerging missiological controversy.


Let be an ordered Euclidean field (i.e., an ordered field in which the group of nonzero squares coincides with the group of positive elements) and its quadratic extension. Further, let denote the image of the element under the nontrivial automorphism of the extension . We consider the special unitary group of degree over the field , i.e., the subgroup of matrices of the general linear group for which and , where denotes taking conjugate-transpose, i.e., . Defining relations in a certain natural system of generators are found for the group , .Bibliography: 8 titles.


This article describes the study of existence of the relationship between individual factors of sustainable development from a qualitative point of view. It is revealed that new essential characteristics of the "middle class", connected with sustainable development, are being formed. This makes it necessary to display them by introducing a new concept of "creative middle class". The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between improving the environment, the quality of life of the population, the processes of formation of a creative middle class and the results of socio-economic policies to ensure sustainable development of the territory. This study was conducted on the basis of a semi-formalized mass interview. Sustainability is considered for two regions of Siberia (Kemerovo and Tomsk regions), which differ in the specialization of economies: the mining region and the innovation region. In the RIA rating of the Russian regions on the quality of life, these regions, despite the different specialization of economies, occupy fairly close positions, being in the middle of the rating table. The hypothesis regarding the role of the creative middle class as the main subject and the main driver of socio- economic transformations for ensuring the sustainable development of the region in the long term and improving the quality of life of the population has been partially confirmed. This can be explained by the fact that the process of forming a creative middle class is at the initial stage. Manifestations of innovative features in the economic and social activity of the subjective middle class in the Tomsk region were not identified.


PURPOSE: To provide a multi-terminal for a lead frame used for a QFN (Quad Flat Non-leaded package). CONSTITUTION: A lead frame 30 comprises a die pad 32 provided at the center of an opening formed with a frame 31 and a lead 33 arranged around it. The frame 31, the die pad 32, and the lead 33 are supported by an adhesive tape 35. Related to the lead 33, a plurality of external connection terminals ET comprising a part of lead LD are arranged in lattice in the region between the die pad 32 and the frame 31.


The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) was designed without security aspects in mind. This fact makes the Internet vulnerable to attacks: complete networks can be hijacked to blackhole or intercept traffic. In this work, we extend the set of known hijacking attacks with a real case study on AS hijacking, carried out in order to send spam from a victim's network. This type of attack is more sophisticated than common IP prefix hijacking, and is aimed at a long-term benefit, with effective use for several months. On our poster, we thoroughly investigate the aforementioned incident based on live data from both the control and the data plane. Our analysis yields insights into the attacker's proceeding to covertly hijack a whole autonomous system, mislead an upstream provider and abuse an unallocated address space. We further discuss the potential for prevention and reveal shortcomings of state of the art BGP security extensions like RPKI. Based on these findings, we outline the concept of an early warning system for AS hijacking with pre-emptive capabilities.


Teaching is hard work. Anyone who thinks otherwise has never stepped inside a classroom, looked into the eyes of 35 students, and closed the door. If American public schools are to thrive in the future, we must equip all teachers, especially enthusiastic rookie teachers, with the skills, attitudes, strategies, and behaviors, which will help them survive when they close their classroom doors and meet their students on that first day of school.


The aim of this piece of research is to analyse the constitutional references of Article 52 of the Constitution of Romania, namely the guarantee of the right of a person aggrieved by a public authority. Therefore, the guarantee of this fundamental rights helps ensure the good administration of the rule of law, the respect for the legitimate rights and interests of Romanian citizens and, implicitly, of Romanian businesses environment. Good administration concerns the interest of both natural persons and legal persons who are engaged in the economic circuit and whose rights are granted by the fundamental law. Good administration is accomplished by granting the fundamental right of a person aggrieved through an administrative deed or through a request which was not settled within the legal time limit and, at the same time, by granting to that person a right to approach the competent authorities and to be entitled to obtain the recognition of the claimed right or of the legitimate interest, with the annulment of the deed and the repair of prejudice, respectively. The liability of the State for miscarriage of justice, as well as its right of recourse against the magistrates who acted in bad faith or serious neglect in their position are also granted. The methods used in drawing up this study are: the comparative method used to identify the right of a person aggrieved by a public authority in the Romanian Constitutions and in the Constitutions of other states, and the historical method, which was used in the analysis of the historical evolution of the studied field. The logical method served to analyse the current research in the field, while the sociological method helped to study social impact. The quantitative method was used to study the relevant applicable legislation. The results of this research have highlighted the current trends and the need of citizens and economic actors to benefit from good administration by public authorities. The implications of research for ensuring the good administration of citizens, economic agents and implicitly, of the business environment, reveals how important it is to ensure the supreme values, granted by the Constitution, namely the right of a person aggrieved by a public authority, a fundamental right analysed in this study.


Western and Chinese sports culture are different. These differences are mainly in origins, transformation and styles, which is because the Chinese sports culture is based on benevolence, politeness, intelligence and trust while the Western sports culture is on bravery, competition, freedom, equality, restraint and prudence Therefore, the Chinese and Western competitive out looks are different.


This paper is an electronic application to my set of lectures, subject:'Formal methods in solving differential equations and constructing models of physical phenomena'. Addressed, mainly: postgraduates and related readers. Content: a very detailed discussion of the simple model of interaction based on the equation array: ∂q(t) ∂t2 = −Ω ( q(t) − Q(t) ) + f0(t) ∂u(t, x) ∂t2 = c ∂u(t, x) ∂x2 − 4γcδ(x − x0) ( Q(t) − q(t) ) + f1(t, x) Q(t) = u(t, x0) Besides, less detailed discussion of related models. Central mathematical points: d'Alembert-Kirchhoff-like formulae. Central physical points: phenomena of Radiation Reaction, Braking Radiation and Resonance.


Abstract The paper considers optimal control of vehicle speed when the vehicle is driven in a particular geographic region with specific terrain and traffic patterns. The vehicle route is assumed to be unknown in advance. The properties of the terrain and traffic flow are modeled stochastically. A method is proposed for constructing a control policy off-line to optimally prescribe vehicle speed set-point as a function of current driving conditions, for best on average fuel economy and travel speed performance. A related method is proposed to evaluate expected average fuel economy and travel speed performance of sub-optimal control policies, such as the policies which use constant speed offset relative to average traffic speed. The optimal control law which prescribes vehicle speed set-point can be deployed in advanced vehicle cruise control systems or incorporated into a driver advisory function. In addition, the value function of optimal or suboptimal control policies may be used as a terminal cost in a receding horizon optimization of vehicle speed over routes with known initial segments, or for fuel efficient vehicle routing.


The applicatlon of scannlng electrochemical microscopy (SECM) in the feedback mode to two-dknenslonai scans over conductlve and insuiatlng substrates to obtain topographic information at the micrometer-level Is descrlbed. In the feedback mode the effect of the conductlvlty of the substrate and dlstance of the substrate from a scanning ultramicroelectrode tlp on the current flowing at the tip caused by an electrode reaction Is recorded as a function of the tlp x-y position. Experiments wlth a 50-pm Pt wlre on glass, a ca. 50-pm glass fiber on glass, a gold mkrlgrkl, a Pt fdl, and a KCI crystal In both aqueous and acetonitrile solutions are presented. The construction of the SECM and the hardware and software that control three-dimensional tip movement and data acqulsltlon are also described.


Effects of high pressure gaseous carbon dioxide treatment (35°C, 6.5 MPa) (HGCT) and supercritical carbon dioxide treatment (35°C, 30 MPa) (HSCT), followed by heat treatment at 70°C (criterion for germination), on Bacillus coagulans and B. licheniformis spores were investigated. In both strains, HSCT was more effective in inactivating the bacterial spores than HGCT. Approximately 10% of the spores of B. coagulans were inactivated, and 40% of the B. coagulans spores germinated with HGCT for 120 min. Approximately 90% of the spores of B. coagulans were inactivated and germinated with HSCT for 120 min. Approximately 20% of the spores of B. licheniformis were inactivated, and 70% of the B. licheniformis spores germinated with HGCT for 120 min. Approximately 80% of the spores of B. licheniformis were inactivated, and 90% of the B. licheniformis spores germinated with HSCT at 120 min. These results suggest that the spores germinate more effectively with HSCT than HGCT, and germinated spores are more sensitive to HSCT than HGCT.


Two precision vacuum seeders were compared with a precision belt seeder in laboratory tests using seeds from five vegetable crops (cabbage, carrot, cucumber, onion, and spinach). There were no significant differences in seed placement uniformity with carrot or onion seed. One of the vacuum seeders delivered spinach seed most uniformly. The belt seeder delivered cabbage seed most uniformly. With cucumber seed, the two vacuum seeders resulted in much better uniformity than the belt seeder. Cucumber seed is flat and elongated, thus it is difficult to singulate with a belt seeder. Each vacuum seeder was compared independently with the precision belt seeder in replicated field tests of vegetable crops (cabbage, broccoli, cantaloupe, and carrot). In the field, there were few differences in stand or yield.


Objectives: Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is known to play a protective role against classical pathway of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) via converting angiotensin II (AII) to angiotensin 1–7 (A1–7). We recently found that ACE2KO mice exhibit early onset of muscle weakness with aging and the expression of p16, a marker of aging, is increased in skeletal muscle of middle-aged ACE2KO mice (paper in submission). It is conceivable that the early skeletal muscle aging in ACE2KO mice is due to accelerated RAS in the absence of its protective arm. In this study, we compared skeletal muscle aging between ACE2KO mice and Tsukuba hypertensive mice (THM), mice model of accelerated RAS. Methods: To assess serial change in motor function, we performed grip strength test in 6, 12, 15 months old. At 15 months old, we extracted skeletal muscle to measure the wet weight and gene expression of p16 and p19, encoded by the same locus as p16. Results: The weakness of muscle strength was observed only in ACE2KO mice at the age of 6 months. From 12 months old, THM also exhibited the muscle weakness as ACE2KO mice. We found that the expression of p16 was increased both THM and ACE2KO mice, but the expression of p19 was increased only in the THM. Wet weights of soleus and tibialis anterior muscle were lower in THM than the other mice, but the adjustment by BW abolished the difference among the groups. Conclusion: While THM exhibited earlier skeletal muscle weakness as well as ACE2KO mice, there were difference in phenotypes of muscle aging between these mice. Our findings suggest that early muscle aging induced by ACE2 deficiency involves pathways independent of the classical RAS.


Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of chlorine dioxide and dietary carbohydrate levels on survival and growth of juvenile Fenneropenaeus chinensis at 5.The effect of chlorine dioxide(0,1,4,7,10,13,16,19 and 22 mg/L) on survival were investigated in experiment 1 and the results indicated that the survival rate decreased with increasing chlorine dioxide concentration,and LC50 were 21.04,13.32,10.91 and 8.26 mg/L at 24,48,72 and 96 h,respectively,safety concentration was 1.60 mg/L.The effects of chlorine dioxide(0.0,0.2,0.4 and 0.6 mg/L) and dietary carbohydrate levels(13.89 and 41.76%) on survival and growth were investigated in experiment 2 and the results showed that at each dietary carbohydrate level,the survival rate,specific growth rate,food consumption and absorption efficiency decreased while food coefficient increased with increasing chlorine dioxide concentration;at each chlorine dioxide level,the specific growth rate,food consumption and absorption efficiency in shrimps fed 13.89% dietary carbohydrate were higher as compared with those fed 41.76% dietary carbohydrate,while food coefficient in shrimps fed 13.89% dietary carbohydrate were lower as compared with those fed 41.76% dietary carbohydrate.


In a metric space, a set of point sets of roughly the same size and an integer $k\geq 1$ are given as the input and the goal of data-distributed $k$-center is to find a subset of size $k$ of the input points as the set of centers to minimize the maximum distance from the input points to their closest centers. Metric $k$-center is known to be NP-hard which carries to the data-distributed setting. We give a $2$-approximation algorithm of $k$-center for sublinear $k$ in the data-distributed setting, which is tight. This algorithm works in several models, including the massively parallel computation model (MPC).


The idea of Schelling-Muthoo bargaining theory is that the smaller concession cost is,the less benefit receives.There are soft budget constraints,loss transition ability for some Chinese enterprises,which can weaken incentives of stick its position,so these firms would concede too much.The authors forwardly prove Schelling-Muthoo Negotiation Solution,and illustrate the result using four-quadrant mapping method.Then the authors make an empirical test using more than 1.5 millions firm-level data,and find that the purchasing cost of state-owned and collective enterprises are significantly higher than those of private enterprise.Those results reflect the bargaining power of state-owned enterprises is lower,therefore market economy reforms should be promoted to optimize resource allocation and defense the interest of international cooperation.


The authors experienced a 38% loss of sample size among those patients using manual diaries. Accounting for nonresponse bias almost certainly would have made these figures worse. 48 In its response, EPA says only that it " recognizes that PEF measurements have been shown to be more variable than FEV1 in some studies " (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 2008e, p. 48). 49 The relative variability of PEF to FEV1 measurements is a non sequitur, but it turns out to be a revealing one nevertheless. We deal with this in the following subsection. In their study of asthmatic adults, Ross et al. (2002) acknowledge that they had problems with data quality – problems that are inherent to the research design: Our study also had shortcomings that are shared by most panel studies, such as the possibility of incorrect data recording by study participants. Previous surveys have reported that diary cards with self-reported PEFR and symptom data may contain a high number of invented or retrospective entries. 50 EPA appears to have been well aware of the problems posed by diary recordation of pulmonary function data. The lead author of Ross et al. (2002) is an employee of EPA's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. (iv) Information quality defects associated with inter-maneuver variability One of the two studies EPA cites for the observation that PEF measurements are more variable than FEV1 is the study comparing alternative devices by Vaughan et al. (1989) – a study with which we previously had been 48 Electronic data collection assures that the data collected are accurate, but it does not assure that data will be collected. Medical researchers have concluded that both electronic data collection and sufficient motivation to adhere to the prescribed data collection regimen are essential. See Reddel et al. (2002). 49 See (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 2006a, pp. 7-27 to 27-47). EPA also tries to rebut Kamps with a paper by Lippmann and Spektor; part of the appeal may be that Lippmann is a longtime CASAC member. The rebuttal paper is off target; it is a comparison of the performance of alternative devices and has nothing to do with the reliability of data recorded in diaries. 50 See Ross et al. (2002, p. 577, internal citations omitted). They authors add: " We would, however, expect these limitations to bias the study results in the direction of nonsignificance. " They do explain why …


The study of the public transport development strategy under the constraints of resources element is important in co-ordinate developing various transportation and resource allocation.This paper raised the need to give priority to the development of public transport by analyzing the constraint elements of transport resources.Basing on the current situation and problems of public transport in Zhejiang Province,this paper discusses public transport priority strategies under the constraints of resources element,and puts forward the basic idea for the positive development of public transport.


Having a capacitive touch sensor and the touch-sensitive surface vibration. This allows the user to which the surface of a finger on the key, and they did as typing on a conventional keyboard. When the user put his finger on the button, a capacitive touch sensor (one per key) signal strength level of each key is touched to the report processor, but the processor does not issue keystrokes until it detects the corresponding "light knock "(ie vibration). When detecting the tap, a tap time of the processor with reference to the prior to, during and / or immediately following status capacitive touch sensor.


Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) exhibit remarkable properties such as being lightweight, renewability, nanoscale dimension, raw material availability, and a unique morphology. They have been widely used in film-forming composites, but the literature is scarce concerning bulky-composites (i.e., non-filmogenic). Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is widely available and has emerged as an important material for the reinforcement of composites. This investigation focuses on the preparation of non-filmogenic composites prepared from a polyurethane-type matrix, based on modified lignosulfonate and castor oil, reinforced with CNC or MCC, aiming to compare their reinforcing capacity. CNC was obtained through the acid hydrolysis of MCC. Sodium lignosulfonate was chemically modified using glutaraldehyde to increase its reactivity towards isocyanate groups in the synthesis of lignopolyurethane. The results show that adding CNC or MCC led to materials with improved impact strength, flexural properties, and storage modulus compared to pristine lignopolyurethane. With the exception of the flexural modulus, which was higher for the CNC-reinforced composite compared to the MCC-reinforced composite, all other properties were similar. The set of results indicates that CNC and MCC are promising for the reinforcement of polyurethane-type matrices. Bulky materials with good properties and prepared from high renewable raw material contents were obtained, meeting current expectations concerning sustainable development.


Due to the low composition of water vapor in the air, it has been neglected in the research field of compressor aerodynamic. But due to the rapid expansion in transonic flow field, water vapor cross the saturation line and it is supercooled. In this process, condensation occur and latent heat released from the condensation affects flow field. This study is conducted to investigate the condensation effects on compressor aerodynamic characteristics. To simulate condensation phenomenon, Classical Nucleation Theory is adopted to commercial program, ANSYS FLUENT. The results show condensation occurs under the relative humidity 70%. Due to the latent heat release from condensation process, shock location is shifted about 0.05c to upstream and blade loading is decreased. Also, it shows deviation is decreased about 0.3°.


Simulation software such as SIMBOL or TUTSIM allows systems to be described in block diagram form on screen. Each block represents a certain computation (often a transfer function) and when the software executes, it carries out the computations sequentially; there is therefore a proportional relationship between problem scale and execution time. However if the blocks are realised in hardware, nowadays digital hardware, this proportionality may be much reduced or may be removed, depending on the degree of parallelism. The authors describe the design of a completely parallel processing system-OMEGA- which is capable of implementing real time simulation on a very wide range of problems and which is much closer to the ethos of analogue computing than is current practice. >


Tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) is widely used as an extractant in many technological processes. A thermodynamic model of the base extraction system water–tributyl phosphate is of great importance for industry. In this work a three-dimensional shape of the liquid phase Gibbs energy surface was modeled for the entire concentration range from pure water to pure TBP at temperatures from 273.15 K to more than 400 K and a pressure of 101325 Pa. Volumetric properties of the water–TBP solutions were measured at 288.15, 298.15, and 323.15 K. To obtain a thermodynamic description of the system of interest a new model of the excess Gibbs energy, the generalized local composition model (GLCM), was developed. Density of solutions, activity of components, enthalpy of mixing, and liquid–liquid equilibria in the water–TBP system were described by the GLCM expression.


We divide the supply chain into a central control system (CCS) case and a decentralized control system (DCS) case, and compare the supply chain efficiency with both the CCS case and the DCS case. We find that the supply chain efficiency of a capital-intensive industry is better under the CCS case than under the DCS case. Under the CCS case, the maximized supply chain efficiency can be reached by choosing either the lowest price that the upstream firm is willing to receive or the highest price that the downstream firm is willing to pay for intermediate goods.


Designing and Improving Courses and Curricula in Higher Education provides a practical, step-by-step guide for systematically enhancing college courses and curricula--offering a proven, cost-effective approach for analyzing and improving existing programs as well as developing, implementing, and evaluating new ones.


The development of Dynamic Thermal Rating (DTR) systems for transmission lines in recent years has led to a better and safer utilization of the existing transmission network, as it, for most cases, enables transmission capacity of lines to be increased above the traditionally used static thermal rating value, when weather conditions are favourable. Yet, on-site measurements in the Slovenian system have also shown that many sites are regularly subject to conditions of very limited or even no winds, causing the line rating to fall well below the static value. In those conditions, the natural convective cooling can surpass forced convective cooling and correctly assessing natural convective cooling becomes crucial for the Transmission System Operators (TSO). Different mathematical models deal with natural convective cooling in different ways. Moreover, references have emerged that claim that cooling due to the natural convection gives the same results as with forced convection at 0.6 m/s crossing wind. To clarify the thermal behaviour of power lines when no external wind is present, this paper employs thermo-fluid simulation of natural convection and compares it with laboratory measurements for two different conductors. The results are also compared with CIGRE, IEEE and IEC guidelines.


A four electrodes method with alternative current has been developed for measurement on the electrical conductivity of ionic melts at high temperatures, especially for that of CaF2-based slags for electro-slag remelting (ESR). The electrical conductivity was measured systematically for CaF2-based slags containing MgF2, BaF2, CaO, BaO, Al2O3, TiO2, ZrO2, and CaS. From the results, the conduction mechanism of those slags was discussed in terms of molar conductivity.The molar conductivity of CaF2 melt was changed with the addition of alkaline-earth oxides and fluorides, such as MgO, CaO, BaO, MgF2, and BaF2 in accordance with the intensity of cation-anion attraction. It suggests that those additives have a tendency to behave as ionic pairs in the melt. The remarkable decrease on the electrical conductivity of the melts was observed by the addition of some oxides, such as Al2O3, TiO2, SiO2, and ZrO2 into the melts. It suggests that those additives have a tendency to form oxyfluoride complex ions. An empirical equation was proposed for the calculation of the conductivity of multi-component slags for the ESR process.


It is proved that a commutative ring with 1 has the property that every finitely presented module is a summand of a direct sum of cyclic modules if and only if it is locally a gen- eralized valuation ring. A Noetherian ring has this property if and only if it is a direct product of a finite number of Dedekind do- mains and an Artinian principal ideal ring. Any commutative local ring which is not a generalized valuation ring has finitely presented indecomposable modules requiring arbitrarily large


The invertebrate food supply, diet and reproductive strategy of a population of the dasyurid marsupial, Pseudantechinus macdonnellensis, living in an arid rocky habitat was investigated at a site in the West MacDonnell National Park, Northern Territory, over two and a half years. Invertebrate food supply displayed high month to month predictability and no marked seasonal cycle correlated with temperature. Analysis of faeces indicated that P. macdonnellensis is a generalist insectivore. There was some discrepancy between the pattern revealed by invertebrate sampling and the prey types taken but it was concluded that the invertebrates sampled broadly reflected those available to P. macdonnellensis. Individual females reproduced only once per year; the estimated time of mating was in July–August, and births occurred in September–October. The maximum litter size was six and nearly all females in each season produced a full complement of young. Some males survived and showed spermatorrhea in two breeding seasons and some females survived and produced young in up to three. The seasonal pattern of invertebrate food supply at the study site appeared to be more dependable than that found in studies carried out in arid plains habitats. The difference may result from a microtopographical amelioration in the rocky habitat of the effects of extreme weather conditions that in open, arid habitats are believed to produce increased short-term unpredictability and pronounced, temperature-driven seasonality in food supply. The ameliorating effect may also increase longevity in P. macdonnellensis by reducing density-independent mortality. The monoestrous highly seasonal reproductive strategy in P. macdonnellensis differs from that displayed by most species that inhabit arid plains habitats (the latter are polyoestrous with an extended breeding season). The shortterm predictability in food supply together with a high longevity in P. macdonnellensis may account for its reproductive strategy. The results of this study provide support for the notion that habitat-specific selective pressures in arid environments may favour divergent ecological strategies in functionally similar species.


Perfectly secure steganographic systems have been recently described for a wide class of sources of covertexts. The speed of transmission of secret information for these stegosystems is proportional to the length of the covertext. In this work we show that there are sources of covertexts for which such stegosystems do not exist. The key observation is that if the set of possible covertexts has a maximal Kolmogorov complexity, then a high-speed perfect stegosystem has to have complexity of the same order.


It was revealed that the fruits of the hybrid forms of peach were better tied and preserved on the main shoots of the first wave of growth. To a lesser extent, the formation of the ovary occurred on thin, weak secondary growths and on old bouquet branches. Three periods of fruit growth of hybrid forms were marked, which are characteristic of other peach varieties. Of the 42 studied forms, 48 % (19 hybrids) were noted with an early maturity, 38 % (15) with an average maturity and 14 % (5) with a late maturity. Two forms with very early ripening and one form with late fruit ripening were marked, which are promising for use in breeding.


Introduction: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is associated with lowered circulating levels of oestrogen. The effects of oestrogen are normally mediated by the classical oestrogen receptors (ERs). Intriguingly, a new oestrogen receptor, G-protein coupled receptor 30 (GPR30), has been recently found to play an important role in many oestrogenic effects. However, the potential role of GPR30 in PE remains poorly understood. Methods: Placentas, decidua and umbilical cord tissues were collected in 21 PE cases and following 20 uncomplicated pregnancies. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of GPR30 in the placental tissues. An in vitro cellular hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) model was established by using the immortalized human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) line. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of GPR30 and p-eNOS (Ser1177) protein. The expression of GPR30, PI3K/Akt pathway and p-eNOS (Ser1177)/eNOS proteins in HUVECs were assessed using Western blotting techniques. An in vitro tube formation assay and a migration assay were used to detect angiogenesis of HUVECs. The effect of GPR agonists and inhibitors was determined. Results: The expression of GPR30 in vascular endothelial cells of placentas, decidua and umbilical cord tissues was lower in women with pre-eclampsia compared to normal pregnant women. The selective GPR30 agonist G1 and a general oestrogen receptors agonist 17-β-estradiol (E2) both exerted a protective effect in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) exposed HUVECs by up regulating NO production though the phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) pathway. This effect was abolished by the selective GPR30 inhibitor G15. Conclusion: This study suggests that GPR30, as an upstream signaling molecule of PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway, playing a critical role in the pathogenesis of PE. GPR30 also may be a potential therapeutic target for PE and other pregnancy complications that result from placental endothelial dysfunction.


Hydrogenation of 2-propanol into propane was caused by the hydrogen atoms electrochemically generated on Pd-black of the electrocatalytic cell Pd/H3PO4/Pd. The reaction was also caused by the hydrogen generated through spillover and reverse spillover between Pd and H3PO4. Under closed circuit conditions, the latter hydrogenation over the anode Pd was retarded because of the inhibition of the reverse spillover.


: The rapid development of information technology has brought advantages as well as challenges to the reform of college education and teaching. Because of the integration of information technology, not only the simple penetration of technology, it is a major change in educational thought, content and way, is the need for teachers to change from inside to outside. In this paper, the connotation of educational informatization and the significance of carrying out college mathematics education based on educational informatization are expounded, the current situation of college mathematics education under the background of educational informatization is analyzed, and how to carry out college mathematicseducation reform based on educational informatization is put forward. knowledge vivid and interesting. The interactive electronic whiteboard can provide a better platform for students' learning and It can be seen education


Background: Urolithiasis is a disease as old as civilization and this has been troubling mankind from the very beginning of history. Seeds as well as extract of D. biflorus have frequently been used by patients of urolithiasis for dissolution of urinary calculi or to prevent recurrence. The present project has been undertaken to evaluate its effect on urine chemistry of stone formers.
Materials & Methods: Twenty two patients suffering from radiologically proved urinary calculus disease treated at district  Hospital, Dungarpur were included in the present  study. A detailed history in respect to family history of calculus disease, socio-economic status, dietary habits, present and past complaints some clinical findings were recorded. The clinical trial of Dolichos biflorus was carried out in postoperative period of operated patients.
Results: The age ranged from 9 to 70 years and men was 35.45 (+15) years. The body surface area ranged from 0.63 to 1.60m2 and mean was 1.53 (+0.25) m2. The lowest 24 hours volume in the 1st sample (pre-operative) was 320 ml. and highest was 2300 ml., mean being 2000 ml. in volume. In IInd samples (post-operative) the 24 hours urine volume ranged from 560 to 2250 ml. mean being 1338 (+515) ml. Three urine samples measured more than 2000 ml. in volume. In IIIrd samples (post Dolichos) the urinary volume ranged from 600 to 2620 mm1/24 hours, mean being 1494 (+ 565) ml. and four urine samples measured more than 2000 ml.
Conclusion: We concluded that our study does not show any protective action of Dolichos biflorus ingestion on urolithiasis.


Trajectory planning and obstacle avoidance play essential roles in the cooperative flight of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). In this paper, a unified framework for onboard distributed trajectory planning is proposed, which takes full advantage of intelligent discrete and continuous search algorithms. Firstly, the Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) is used as the task allocation algorithm to solve the cooperative obstacle avoidance problem. Taking the task allocation decisions as the constraint, knowledge-based particle swarm optimization (Know-PSO) is used as the optimization algorithm to solve the onboard distributed cooperative trajectory planning problem. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed intelligent MCTS-PSO search framework is effective and flexible for multiple UAVs to conduct the cooperative trajectory planning and obstacle avoidance. Further, it has been applied in practical experiments and achieved promising results.


Heart rate (HR) analysis has always piqued the curiosity of medical experts. Various apps have been designed using algorithms that assess the pulse using only one's facial video. A recently developed technique called Eulerian Video Magnification (EVM) can detect temporal fluctuations in videos that are undetected by the naked human eye. It is feasible to visualize the flow of blood filling the face with this approach. Photoplethysmography (PPG) signals from the human face can be spotted by minute variations in skin tone that are connected to the blood vessels beneath the surface of the face. The output of the signals can then be used to determine the vitals of the person. In order to estimate the heartbeat of 40 participants at the initial, post-cardio, and after-resting stages, this study employed an implementation of the EVM computer vision algorithm, developed to remotely detect an individual's HR in beats per minute from a static video of his or her face. The data from the desktop and smartphone were compared to the readings made simultaneously by an oximeter. The pulse oximeter, which likewise derives HR by PPG, and the PPG-derived HR utilizing EVM from the desktop and the smartphone both showed positive correlations.


The study aims to determine the striped catfish production intensive cultivation reviewed from parameters of water quality pond with a red-yellow podzolic in different ages. The method used in this study is the experimental method using a completely randomized design (CRD) using 1 factor, 4 levels of treatment and 3 replications, , with the treatment are: P1 (intensive pond of catfish aquaculture aged 0-5 years), P2 (intensive pond of catfish aquaculture aged 6-10 years), P3 (intensive pond of catfish aquaculture aged 11-15 years) and P4 (intensive pond of catfish aquaculture aged 16-20 years). The results showed that the striped catfish production in P4 (pond aged 16-20 years) is the best treatment which has a high production of 6.4 kg/m2, with the survival rate of 66,7% and low feed conversion ratio of 1.9%, and supported by water quality parameters were classified as good, namely: temperature between 27,600C, the brightness of 24.03 cm, 5.8 to 7.4 of pH, 3.74 mg/L of oxygen demand, ammonia of 0.21 mg/L, orthophosphate 1.05 mg/L, nitrate 1.03 mg/L, alkalinity total 100.5 mg/L, free carbon dioxide of 9.49 mg/L, and total organic material of 7.23 mg/L. Parameter water quality is relatively good for striped catfish farming. Keywords: Production of striped catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus), Water Quality
1) Students of the Fisheries and


The organic pesticide can emit fluorescent light when it is excitation by the ultraviolet ray, carbonates pesticide can identification by the three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy technology. Statistics based on the apparent feature is limitation to identification of the complex Pesticide Fluorescence Spectroscopy. In order to realize identification of the diversity pesticide which Fluorescence Spectroscopy have more overlapping, pesticide spectroscopy is compression and dimensionality reduces by Principal component analysis (PCA). Spectroscopy character of the various objects is extracted. KNN classify method is combined to realize the sort identifications of carbaryl, mipcin, furadantin and aldicard are implementation. The sorting result is visualization by parallel coordinate chart. Experiment result indicates this method is base on utility information and effectiveness dimensionality reduction dispose to high dimensional spectroscopy information. Sorting speed is much higher. The identification rate reaches 97 percent. The result of identification is better.


ABSTRACT Climate change is one of the most important environmental issues affecting our society today and we need to educate the citizens about the impact on human lives. An attempt was made to integrate experiential-based climate change education into the teaching and learning of secondary school Biology lessons on the topic of Endangered Ecosystem to improve students' knowledge on climate change and increase motivation towards caring for the environment. Two classes from a school were randomly assigned to experimental (N = 30) and control groups (N = 32). Following the intervention, a one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with pre-test data as covariate showed statistically significant differences in knowledge and motivation. Experiential-based climate change activities enabled students to construct the knowledge socially and also satisfied the three basic human needs: competence, autonomy and relatedness, which have subsequently promoted motivation. The findings described in this study are similar with other studies which reported that constructivist-based experiential learning has successfully developed awareness and encouraged learning and critical thinking about climate change.


Within a trial repair work on a pylon of the Eidersperrwerk the concept of a so called CP-Barrier shall be used for the first time in order to prevent the formation of a macro cell corrosion element between the passive reinforcement in repaired areas and the depassivated areas in non-repaired areas. With an external cathodic polarisation by use of a locally installed CP-System, the passive reinforcement at the border between the repaired and the non-repaired concrete shall be polarised cathodically in a way that it cannot act as cathode for the macro cell corrosion. Within this paper the damage present at the pylons, the concept of the rehabilitation measures and the principle of the CP-Barrier are presented.


Truth discovery (TD) can discover ground truths of sensing tasks from the submitted reliable or unreliable sensing data. However, the existing TD algorithms mainly focus on the privacy preservation of mobile users, and few studies consider the reliability of mobile users when they participate in calculating the ground truths of sensing tasks. To simultaneously ensure the reliability and privacy preservation of mobile users, this paper proposes a privacy-preserving truth discovery scheme in mobile crowdsensing. Firstly, we select reputation value to evaluate the reliability of mobile users. Meanwhile, to preserve the privacy of reputation value, we define two novel concepts, namely reliability level and contribution degree, to represent the reliability and contribution of each mobile user in calculating the ground truths of sensing tasks. Secondly, according to the contribution degrees, we redesign the process of truth discovery which can publicly verify the contribution degrees of mobile users and improve the accuracy of ground truths of sensing tasks. Finally, theoretical analysis shows that our scheme is private and secure. The comparisons with the existing schemes show that the error rate, mean absolute error, and root mean squared error in the proposed scheme are reduced by about 54%-63%, 13%-34%, and 15%-46%, respectively.


A study wasconducted to examine the dimensional structure of the health locus of control in drug addicted adolescence. Data were drawn from 103 drug addicted adolescence at the outpatient unit in the Northeastern Drug Department Treatment Center, Khon Kean. The Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (MHLC) developed


We denote the matching complex of the complete graph with $n$ vertices by $M_n$. Bouc first studied the topological properties of $M_n$ in connection with the Quillen complex. Later Bj\"{o}rner, Lov\'{a}sz, Vre\'{c}ica, and \v{Z}ivaljevi\'{c} showed that $M_n$ is homotopically $(\nu_n-1)$-connected, where $\nu_n=\lfloor{\frac{n+1}{3}}\rfloor-1$, but in general the topology of $M_n$ is not very well-understood even for smaller natural numbers. Forman developed discrete Morse theory, which has various applications in diverse fields of studies. In this article, we develop a discrete Morse theoretic technique to capture deeper structural topological properties of $M_n$. We show that $M_n$ is \emph{geometrically} $(\nu_n-1)$-connected, where the notion of geometrical $k$-connectedness as defined in this article, is stronger than that of homotopical $k$-connectedness. Previously, Bj\"{o}rner et al. showed that $M_8$ is simply connected, but not 2-connected. The technique developed here helped us determine that $M_8$ is in fact homotopy equivalent to a wedge of 132 spheres of dimension 2.


Leadership is a process where an individual such as head teacher influence teachers and students to achieve common objectives. The increasing challenges of mismanagement which is culminating to poor academic performance and inadequate resources in spite of huge budget on education yearly has made the imperative to examine the head teacher leadership and administrative role in schools. In view of this, the study implemented qualitative research design approach and interpretative perspective to adequately investigate perceptions of teachers regarding roles of head teachers for improvement of schools in Nigeria. Purposive sampling technique was used to conduct series of in-depth interviews, with 16 teachers selected from four schools in north central region of Nigeria. Interview data were analyzed thematically using Nvivo 12 qualitative software. Therefore, based on findings of this study, it was discovered that mentoring and interactive roles play a great part. Also, general theme which indicated the need for head teacher to be conscious of his role in creating enabling environment for both staff and students emerged. Within the themes, it was discovered that school positive culture, reward and praise are sources of motivation for teachers. Consequently, it is recommended that head teacher should maintain open and continuous communication link with teachers and students. In addition to these findings, there is urgent need for head teacher to always ensure reward and recognition which have been identified to be vi tal to maximum performance of teachers' and students. Finally, it is concluded that head teacher leadership and administrative roles remains fundamental importance for continuous improvement of schools in north central region of Nigeria.


When trying to recover 3D structure from a set of images, the most difficult problem is establishing the correspondence between the measurements. Most existing approaches assume that features can be tracked across frames, whereas methods that exploit rigidity constraints to facilitate matching do so only under restricted camera motion. In this paper we propose a Bayesian approach that avoids the brittleness associated with singling out one "best" correspondence, and instead consider the distribution over all possible correspondences. We treat both a fully Bayesian approach that yields a posterior distribution, and a MAP approach that makes use of EM to maximize this posterior. We show how Markov chain Monte Carlo methods can be used to implement these techniques in practice, and present experimental results on real data.


Although financial information disclosure in colleges and universities has received increasing attention, there are still many problems in practice. In this paper, the SWOT method of modern management is used to analyse the external environment and internal resources (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) of financial information disclosure in Chinese universities and colleges systematically and propose the development strategy for financial information disclosure in colleges and universities as follows: improve and perfect the financial information disclosure system in colleges and universities, establish clear disclosure standards, strengthen the supervision and incentive mechanism of financial information disclosure in colleges and universities to promote standardized development, guide financial personnel at all levels in colleges and universities to change the concept of information disclosure, and establish a sense of proactive disclosure, cultivate professional talents and improve the business level.


Some laws and regulations may require internet service providers to provide services based on the age of users. Age verification in the online environment should be used as a tool to provide service that is appropriate to child based on age. Using the minimum attribute information, processes on age verification provides the proper guidance to the internet services. However, there is a lack of a globally accepted trust framework for age verification process including evaluation factors for age verification information. In this paper the federation model of user attributes were described and evaluation factors for the age verification information were suggested. Also using the suggested evaluation factors, performance evaluation of federation model of user evaluation was performed. To meet the requirements of evaluation factors, framework of federation model should consider the unlinkability pseudonym support, eavesdropping protection and cloning protection.


Super-resolution imaging techniques have become increasingly important tools to visualize sub-organelle structures and dynamic processes in living cells on the nanoscale. However, the utility of th...


This article presents a high-output impedance current-mode quadrature sinusoidal oscillator, providing sinusoidal signals, which differ of 90° in phase. The features of the proposed circuit are that; oscillation frequency can be electronically controlled; it can provide the quadrature signal, which is free from the preset of oscillation condition. In addition, since the proposed circuit comprises only active elements, which are 2 CCCCTAs and 2 operational amplifiers, it is very suitable to further develop into an integrated circuit. The PSPICE simulation results are depicted.


This article looks retrospectively over the methodological stages of a sequence of interrelated ethnographic studies, focusing on religion in the lives of young people, which were conducted, under the direction of Professor Robert Jackson, in what is now the Warwick Religions and Education Research Unit (WRERU) in the Institute of Education at the University of Warwick. The relationship between methodological issues and religious education is discussed briefly.


Many destinations have recognized the importance of implementing sustainable tourism development. However, for many developing countries worldwide, economic, social, and physical challenges pose great hindrances to sustainable development. The aim of this article is to investigate and evaluate the difficulties of implementing sustainable tourism development practices in Jamaica. The primary research is based on qualitative analysis to find out the obstacles regarding the implementation of sustainable tourism development, based on three themes, namely financial constraints, social instability, and lack of coordinated tourism planning. The overall results revealed that, in terms of sustainable practices, there are several initiatives being implemented by both public and private sectors, but they lack management, cohesiveness, and in some cases, collaboration. Also, if sustainability is to be achieved in a developing country, it will require effective financial management of all industries and a serious concentration on social sustainability.


In a class of new physics models, an extended Higgs sector and new CP-violating sources are simultaneously present in order to explain the baryon asymmetry in the Universe. The aim of this work is to study the implications of beyond the Standard Model (SM) CP violation for the searches of heavy scalars at the LHC. In particular, we focus on the diphoton channel searches in the CP-violating two-Higgs-doublet model (CPV 2HDM). To have a sizable CPV in the scalar sector, the two heavy neutral scalars in 2HDM tend to be nearly degenerate. The theoretical constraints of unitarity, perturbativity and vacuum stability are considered, which requires that the heavy scalars $M_H \lesssim 1$ TeV in a large region of the parameter space. The experimental limits are also taken into account, including the direct searches of heavy neutral scalars in the final state of the SM $h$, $W$ and $Z$ bosons, the differential $t\bar{t}$ data, those from the charged scalar sector which is implied by the oblique $T$ parameter, as well as the precise measurements of the electric dipole moments of electron and mercury. The quantum interference effects between the resonances and the SM background are crucially important for the diphoton signals, and the CPV mixing of the quasi-degenerate heavy scalars could enhance significantly the resonance peak. With an integrated luminosity of 3000 fb$^{-1}$ at the LHC, almost the whole parameter space of CPV 2HDM could be probed in the diphoton channel, and the CPV could also be directly detected via the diphoton spectrum.


The Department of Chemical Engineering at Ohio University redesigned an existing course in experimental design and statistics. The revision was motivated by assessment information from a variety of sources: course-based assessment in our senior Unit Operations laboratory, exit surveys of seniors, surveys of alumni 2 years after graduation and input from our departmental advisory board. The consensus of faculty, students, alumni, and the advisory board was that (1) a solid foundation in statistics is important preparation for industrial engineering practice as well as for advanced degree work in engineering and (2) "solid foundation" means that graduates can select and execute appropriate statistical techniques to analyze real data and interpret the results. In spite of having a statistics course in our curriculum, graduates did not leave with the solid foundation we wanted. In particular, our seniors showed unsatisfactory ability to frame a problem in terms of a hypothesis that can be tested statistically and unsatisfactory ability to select an appropriate statistical test. New graduates were only beginning to operate at the desirable higher levels of analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. As part of a strategy to address this problem, our statistics course for juniors was redesigned with input from our faculty and from industrial members of the advisory board. The new course emphasizes software rather than hand calculations, introduces application and follows up with theory, and uses case studies from industry and from academic research. This course is not isolated in our curriculum. Statistical analysis is now a required part of projects in Heat Transfer and Kinetics, and continues to be emphasized in Unit Operations. In this talk, we reveal the motivation for emphasizing statistics in our curriculum, the structure of the re-designed course, and the assessment methods being used to gauge student learning in this course.


The relationship between urinary incontinence and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among Japanese women is reviewed. The prevalence of COPD is increasing because of the aging population and the high rate of cigarette consumption. The prevalence of COPD in Japan was 16.4% for males and 5% for females aged 40 years and above in 2000. COPD is a progressive disease, which can have periods of relative stability but readily regresses. Its characteristic symptoms include cough, sputum production, dyspnoea and frequently urinary incontinence. The persistent cough of COPD increases intra-abdominal pressure and results in increased rates of urinary incontinence especially for female patients. The prevalence of urinary incontinence among Japanese women with chronic lung disease varies between 30.4% and 68%, which is higher than those of the general population (25-56.9%) and outpatient clients attending gynaecology clinics (27-31%). However, there is no published report specifically on the prevalence of urinary incontinence among Japanese women with COPD. As COPD is one of the causes of urinary incontinence, the obvious prevention strategy is tobacco control and early detection using screening tests. Urinary incontinence should be identified and dealt with in order to improve the quality of life for COPD patients.


Based on the evidence from 'HNMR, it was concluded that peracetic acid is formed during peroxide bleaching of mechanical pulps. The development of the in-situ generated peracetic acid during peroxide bleaching of a TMP pulp was followed with the idometric titration method. The results showed that peracetic acid is rapidly generated and consumed during the course of the reaction. The potential impact of the in-situ generated peracetic acid on the brightness gain during peroxide bleaching is discussed.


Bitcoin emerged as the most successful cryptocurrency due to the fact that it evaluates in 2009. Other than its security tightness, the principal settlements are probably to be its key to achievement: anonymity and isolation. In this paper, we offer an entire description of the info that make this type of cryptocurrency a thrilling problem for studies in a private society. We're carrying out an intensive overview of nameless bitcoin research papers published up to now and describe a number of the conditions that require research on that topic. Keywords Bitcoin, Blockchain statistics, Mining channel, E-pockets, and so on.


Abstract Transcatheter pulmonary valve insertion is the most important advance in congenital interventional cardiology since atrial septal defect devices became commonly available 15 years ago. It has changed the way we look at a number of diverse diagnoses and changes how we plan, diagnose, operate, and follow-up patients. It has changed how we counsel families expecting a child that may benefit from it. Expanded use of the Melody® valve, outside its United States Food and Drug Administration approved indications, has helped numerous additional patients. The use of transcatheter pulmonary valve insertion in selected patients following surgical Gore-tex® bileaflet in valve right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction and those with a history of prior small homograft conduits will be discussed.


With their own advantages,the contesting means of dealership have been playing an increasing role in improving a company's management in the background of "full circulation".In transfer of a company's control,the status of dealership contest will become more and more important.And the contest has input new energy into the management of a company.In addition,it provides solutions to problem as to the dealership.