The hydroid fauna of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador, is known largely from reports of collections made between 1932 and 1938 during several Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions. Of some 100 nominal species (excluding Stylasteridae) reported from the archipelago overall, including species obtained during other expeditions, 81 are recognized as valid. An additional 15 species are added here, 14 of them based on collections undertaken between 1992 and 2000. Leptothecates account for 66 of the 96 species, while anthoathecates comprise the remaining 30. One previously undescribed leptothecate, Halopteris violae, sp. nov., is characterized and compared with H. tenella (Verrill, 1874) and H. minuta (Trebilcock, 1928), species it closely resembles. Gonothecae of Sertularella costata Leloup, 1940 are described for the first time. Plumularia galapagensis, nom. nov., is proposed as a replacement name for the invalid junior primary homonym Plumularia tenuissima Fraser, 1938b (not Plumularia tenuissima Totton, 1930). Under provisions of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, the widely used name Cladocoryne floccosa Rotch, 1871 is designated a nomen protectum and assigned precedence over its largely unknown senior synonym Hydra corynaria Bosc, 1797, which is reduced to the status of nomen oblitum. Balella irregularis (Fraser, 1938) from the Galápagos is considered conspecific with Balella mirabilis (Nutting, 1905) from Hawaii and Japan. Six new combinations are introduced: Bimeria laxa Fraser, 1938a is assigned to the genus Garveia Wright, 1859, as G. laxa (Fraser, 1938a); Tubularia integra Fraser, 1938a is assigned to Ectopleura L. Agassiz, 1862, as E. integra (Fraser, 1938a); Campanulina ramosa Fraser, 1938a is assigned to Opercularella Hincks, 1868, as O. ramosa (Fraser, 1938a); Bonneviella minor Fraser, 1938a is assigned to Scandia Fraser, 1912, as S. minor (Fraser, 1938a); Campanularia gracilicaulis Fraser, 1938a is assigned to Clytia Lamouroux, 1812, as C. gracilicaulis (Fraser, 1938a); Sertularia anceps Fraser, 1938a is assigned to Dynamena Lamouroux, 1812, as D. anceps (Fraser, 1938a). Hydroids of the Galápagos are moderately well known faunistically, at least in comparison with those of other areas in the Eastern Pacific Tropical Region.


This study aimed to investigate the role of science centers in advancing scientific knowledge. To do so, two heads of science centers were selected to perform interviews, one of whom had previously worked as a head of science center in Denmark and the other of whom had previously worked as a head of science center in Turkey. The study's approach was modified as qualitative method, and the study can be thought of as a case study in this context. As a data collection tool, a semi-structured interview form was used. It was used to find out what the participants thought about the role of science centers in advancing scientific knowledge. Participants emphasize the importance of science centers in achieving effective science communication. This research is expected to guide future studies on the advancement of the scientific knowledge.


The electrical functionality of an array of semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) depends critically on the free carriers that may arise from impurity or surface doping. Herein, we used InAs NC thin films as a model system to address the relative contributions of these doping mechanisms by comparative analysis of as-synthesized and Cu-doped NC-based field effect transistor (FET) characteristics. By applying FET simulation methods used in conventional semiconductor FETs, we elucidate surface and impurity-doping contributions to the overall performance of InAs NC-based FETs. As-synthesized InAs NC-based FETs show n-type characteristics assigned to the contribution of the surface electron accumulation layer that can be considered as an actual electron-donating doping level with specific doping density and is energetically located just below the conduction band. The Cu-doped InAs NC FETs show enhanced n-type conduction as expected from the Cu impurity location as an interstitial n-dopant in InAs NCs. The simulated...


For nonlinear eigenvalue problems T (¸)x = 0 satisfying a minmax characterization of its eigenvalues iterative projection methods combined with safeguarded iteration are suitable for computing all eigenvalues in a given interval. Such methods hit their limitation if a large number of eigenvalues (in the interior of the spectrum) are required. In this paper we propose a localized version of safeguarded iteration which is able to cope with this problem.


This article regards the ethylene polymerization catalyzed by a nickel catalyst and activated by ethylaluminum sesquichloride (EASC). The effects of the reaction conditions [polymerization temperature, cocatalyst (EASC) concentration, and ethylene concentration] on the average molecular weights of the final polymers and reaction yields were evaluated with the help of empirical statistical models. It is shown that reaction temperature and cocatalyst (EASC) concentration exert the most important effects on average molecular weights and catalyst activity. The polydispersities of the obtained polyethylenes are larger than the polydispersities of polyethylenes obtained with typical Brookhart catalysts. The analysis of polymer branching frequencies shows new types of short branching and significant amounts of long branches, which may explain the relatively large polydispersities of the obtained polymer samples. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 50:1797–1808, 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers


A two-component model of dimerizing hard spheres in contact with a penetrable hard surface is studied. The associative interaction between the bulk fluid particles and between one of the bulk species and the hard surface is taken in the form of a square-well interaction. The model is studied by means of Monte Carlo simulations. The density profiles of the particles, the distribution of the centres of mass of the dimers, and the number densities of dimers and particles bonded with the surface are calculated. The effect of the strength of the associative interactions and the bonding distance between the bulk fluid particles and the surface is investigated. The adsorption of the adsorbed species is affected appreciably by the strength of the associative bond with the surface. The distance of this surface-molecule well from the surface affects the average orientation of the adsorbed dimers and so mimics orientationally specific association. Simple singlet theories are not very successful when there is associa...


Composition and operating modes of two different solar-assisted heat pump systems have been introduced in this paper. The advantages of compound heat pump system are analyzed compared with solo heat pump system. Solar-assisted air source heat pump system not only has the advantages, which air source heat pump system (ASHP) has, but also makes good use of renewable solar energy. It can provide cooling, heating and living hot water all the year. Solar-assisted ground source heat pump system realizes advantage complementation in various seasons between solar heat water system and ground source heat pump (GSHP) system. Solar-assisted ground source heat pump system can adjust the system operating model to solve the disadvantage of sole GSHP system, whose performance decrease for the temperature change of soil for long time operating with annual cool and heat unbalancedness. GSHP system can effectively increase the operating stability with the assistance of solar energy.


The Boeing B747-400 aircraft is the main force in China Southern Airlines fleet. The aircraft's weather radar system (WXR) is used for detecting and displaying the dangerous weather targets, which is in route before the aircraft. Since the WXR, equipped in B747-400 aircraft, is a relatively new model, it's to hard to find enough relevant documents to analyze the failure. This paper is intended to provide experience and suggestion in WXR maintenance through the analysis of the process of repairing the display failure in the ND.


The types of reedited books are diversified in modern books.This paper has put forward opinions and suggestions for some non-coded copying works information resources concerning reedited books appeared in working practice.


In wireless networks, it is important to ensure fairness among data flows in their access to network bandwidth. Providing end-to-end fairness in mobile networks is particularly challenging. This paper proposes a packet tagging and prioritized scheduling scheme that achieves fairness under network dynamics, without the need of maintaining any flowlevel state in the network. The new scheme is a distributed solution that can work with any routing protocol. Numerical evaluation shows that the proposed scheme achieves far better


LCC high voltage generator is widely adopted for X-ray beam excitation and control. It has the requirement of wide load range, fast transients, high efficiency and reduced system size. Therefore, SiC based high voltage generator switching at 2X-3X of current frequency will be a better option. Accurate prediction of SiC switching characteristics as well as comprehensive switching behavior evaluation are important prerequisites for thermally optimized and efficient SiC system design. This paper proposed on a novel miller capacitor modeling approach: Segmented-and-Cascaded approach. The mismatch between modeled capacitor curve and measurements data from datasheet is within 15%, which is three times as less as the SPICE model. A comprehensive switching characterization is also revealed. The hard turn on loss is $157.7\boldsymbol{\mu} \mathbf{J}$ at 500V/40A and will be significantly reduced under ZVS-ON. The turn off energy loss under hard switching is $48.1\boldsymbol{\mu} \mathbf{J}$ at 500V/40A. It is reduced to $4.43\boldsymbol{\mu} \mathbf{J}$ with 3.2nF snubber capacitor at soft turn off. Good consistency is observed of predicted data vs. measurements with maximum deviation of 17.2%. SiC power transistor with ZVS turn on and soft turn off has the lowest switching loss of $9.12\boldsymbol{\mu} \mathbf{J}$. Therefore, designing the LCC inverter at switching frequency higher than resonant frequency will achieve both high efficiency and high power density.


Osteobrama cunma (Day) has hitherto been considered to be restricted to the eastern parts of Manipur in India (Chindwin drainage system) besides its type locality, Moulmein, in Myanmar. While confirming the identity of fish species collected from the Gumti, a tributary of the Barak-Meghna river system in Tripura, India, several specimens of Osteobrama tentatively identified as O. cotio (Hamilton) and housed in the Museum of the Central Agricultural University, Tripura, India, were observed to belong to O. cunma . This forms the first record of O. cunma from the Barak-Meghan drainage, which is geographically isolated from the type locality of this species.


In the process of pipeline transportation, the temperature and pressure of waxy and high viscosity crude oil are decreasing. In order to complete the pipeline transportation task, stations are usually set at intervals to overcome the pressure loss caused by friction and impact in the flow and the temperature loss caused by the radial temperature difference. The main equipment of the station is pumps and heaters. The operating fee of pumps and heaters is the core costs of hot oil pipelines, so it is necessary to reasonably optimize the pump and heater operating schemes. Because the hydraulic and thermodynamic of the hot oil pipeline are coupled with each other, and there are a lot of nonlinear constraints and integer variables, this optimization problem is a kind of mixed integer nonlinear programming, which is difficult to solve by using the traditional optimization method. In this paper, a hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm based on particle swarm and pattern search is proposed, which can deal with the problem effectively. The operational cost of the optimized scheme is much lower than that of the actual operating scheme. So this method can provide guidance for the cost reduction and efficiency improvement of the hot oil pipeline.


As the main carrier of the ownership of the whole people,state-owned enterprises are supposed to hand the profit over to the investor——the state on behalf of the people.This is the embodiment of ownership for the state as shareholders to exercise the rights as owner′s income or gains power.From the analysis of jurisprudence,paid profits by state-owned enterprises,are the most basic requirements of social public interest mission and social responsibility,and is the overall three consistent interests of embodiment of shareholders,stakeholders and society.At the same time,the state-owned enterprises,possessing advantages in policy,resource,and the market monopoly,should set an example in obligation burden.Based on this,China should push forward the state-owned enterprise profits to institutionalization,standardization process,from system construction,clear principal part,social supervision and other aspects.


The inherent complexity of decision-making related to transportation infrastructure systems can be formalized using complex systems theory. Complex systems are characterized by: (1) many agents or decision-makers acting in parallel with dispersed control; (2) the presence of many organizational levels; (3) the ability of agents to adapt depending on the decisions made at other levels; and (4) the use of internal models to anticipate the future. This paper uses a simulated pavement network to explore the behavior of pavement condition, and user and agency costs, under various scenarios and relate this behavior to the attributes of a complex system. The paper concludes that infrastructure management systems must recognize the inherent complexity of these systems to better manage these assets.


Abstract This paper presents a disturbance observer based input saturated visual servoing law for a quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The controller regulates the 4D relative pose, i. e., 3D translational and yaw motion, between the vehicle and a planar horizontal visual target in an environment with external disturbances. A feedforward control is used to compensate the lumped disturbance consisting of both system uncertainties and external disturbances. The feedback control part is based on a nested saturation control, which is used to bound the orientation of the UAV and therefore helps to keep the visual target in the camera's field of view. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate controller performance.


Twenty inpatients suffered from malignant tumors with twenty-four lesions were treated with125I permanent brachytherapy seed in Peking University Shenzhen Hospital,and the feasibility,curative effect and adverse effect of the treatment were observed.Before 125I seeds implantation,the three-dimensional treatment planning was preconcerted.There were two methods to implant 125I seeds.One was to insert the seeds in the location of residual focus and metastatic lesions of the tumors directly in ordinary operations or through laparoscopy under general anesthesia.The other was to implant the seeds into the tumors through percutaneous needles by the guidance of CT scanning or color doppler ultrasonography under local anesthesia.The implantations for all of the 20 patients(24 lesions) were performed successfully.During and one week after the implantation,the distributions of the planted seeds were approximately the same as the scheduled three-dimensional treatment planning,and no seed migration was found.Adverse reactions during and after the operation were slight and recovered after correlative treatments.Clinical symptoms were palliated and serum tumor marker decreased to a different extent among most patients.The complete remission(CR) rate is 20.00%(4/20 patients),the partial remission(PR) rate is 35.00%(7/20 patients),the stable disease(SD) rate is 30.00%(6/20 patients),the progressive disease(PD) rate is 15.00%(3/20 patients),and the overall response rate(CR+PR) is 53.33%(8 patients).125I seeds implantation for targeted therapy is convenient,safe and effective on malignant tumor,and is well worth advanced application.


In this paper, the author explores the relationship between the medical indications for surgery and the patient's right to self-determination, i.e. the right of a competent adult to make an informed decision about his/her medical treatment. In that context, the author points out to three practical questions. First, does the patient's right to self-determination imply the patient's participation in determining the medical indications for medical treatment, or is it only limited to the patient's authority to consent or not consent to the doctor's proposal? Second, can the patient's consent or insistence justify a surgery which is not medically indicated? Third, does the patient's right to self-determination imply that the patient assumes the risk associated with a surgery which is not medically indicated, thus excluding the doctor's professional responsibility (liability)? Relying on the legal theory, legislative framework and judicial practice (case law), the author concludes that a surgery which is not medically indicated should be qualified as a wrongful act. The unlawful nature of this act cannot be excluded even by the patient's persistent demands to perform the surgery. The patient's right to self-determination implies only the possibility of accepting or refusing the medical treatment proposed by the doctor. The decision on the medical indication of a surgical procedure must be fully vested with the doctor, who is bound by the rules of medical science and medical ethics. In other words, a doctor should act in compliance with what he/she considers to be proper. Otherwise, the doctor may be held liable for medical malpractice. In principle, the doctor's liability for performing a surgery which is not medically indicated cannot be precluded by contracting a relevant doctor-patient agreement. The exception to this rule should be allowed only in cases when the patient is a medical expert who strongly believes that the medical intervention is medically indicated, in spite of the doctor's divergent opinion.


Simple Summary Here, we review the literature on Activating Enhancer-Binding Protein 4 (AP4)/transcription factor AP4 (TFAP4) function and regulation and its role in cancer. Elevated expression of AP4 was detected in tumors of various organs and is associated with poor patient survival. AP4 is encoded by a Myc target gene and mediates cell fate decisions by regulating multiple processes, such as cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, stemness, apoptosis, and cellular senescence. Thereby, AP4 may be critical for tumor initiation and progression. In this review article, we summarize published evidence showing how AP4 functions as a transcriptional activator and repressor of a plethora of direct target genes in various physiological and pathological conditions. We also highlight the complex interactions of AP4 with c-Myc, N-Myc, p53, lncRNAs, and miRNAs in feed-back loops, which control AP4 levels and mediate AP4 functions. In the future, a better understanding of AP4 may contribute to improved prognosis and therapy of cancer. Abstract Activating Enhancer-Binding Protein 4 (AP4)/transcription factor AP4 (TFAP4) is a basic-helix-loop-helix-leucine-zipper transcription factor that was first identified as a protein bound to SV40 promoters more than 30 years ago. Almost 15 years later, AP4 was characterized as a target of the c-Myc transcription factor, which is the product of a prototypic oncogene that is activated in the majority of tumors. Interestingly, AP4 seems to represent a central hub downstream of c-Myc and N-Myc that mediates some of their functions, such as proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Elevated AP4 expression is associated with progression of cancer and poor patient prognosis in multiple tumor types. Deletion of AP4 in mice points to roles of AP4 in the control of stemness, tumor initiation and adaptive immunity. Interestingly, ex vivo AP4 inactivation results in increased DNA damage, senescence, and apoptosis, which may be caused by defective cell cycle progression. Here, we will summarize the roles of AP4 as a transcriptional repressor and activator of target genes and the contribution of protein and non-coding RNAs encoded by these genes, in regulating the above mentioned processes. In addition, proteins interacting with or regulating AP4 and the cellular signaling pathways altered after AP4 dysregulation in tumor cells will be discussed.


On the basis of the test method of the small concrete hollow block,a series of compressive strength detection method on the small non-standard concrete hollow block is put forward by combining the behavior of clean-hole block and linking beam block.After the initial design and practicality contrast,the detection methods are believed convenient and accurate.It fills the blank of compressive strength detection for small non-standard concrete hollow block in China.


2004;91:1835–41. 3. Grau E, Oltra S, Orellana C, Hernandez-Marti M, Castel V, Martinez F. There is no evidence that the SDHB gene is involved in neuroblastoma development. Oncol Res 2005;15:393–8. 4. Tischler AS, DeLellis RA, Biales B, Nunnemacher G, Carabba V, Wolfe HJ. Nerve growth factor-induced neurite outgrowth from normal human chromaffin cells. Lab Invest 1980;43:399–409. 5. Schlisio S, Kenchappa RS, Vredeveld LC, George RE, Stewart R, Greulich H, Shahriari K, Nguyen NV, Pigny P, Dahia PL, Pomeroy SL, Maris JM, Look AT, Meyerson M, Peeper DS, Carter BD, Kaelin WG Jr. The kinesin KIF1B{beta} acts downstream from EglN3 to induce apoptosis and is a potential 1p36 tumor suppressor. Genes Dev 2008;22:884–93.


Along with the passage of time, parents have manifested a different attitude towards their children, trying to offer them everything they wanted in what concerns the toys. Therefore, the toy market is constantly expending, and the tough competition leads to the quality improvement of the toys and enforces certain standards on the market. The originality and topicality of the theme consist in the change in the toy consumers' and users' preferences which required greater attention to be paid to the influence manifested by the marketing environment on this market. The case study identifies the occurred problems and the toy influence factors by an analysis over the marketing environment components, i.e.: marketing internal environment, micro-environment and macro-environment. The study ends with the recommendation of several solutions for the improvement of the current situation.


1.Physics - Principles, Practice and Artefacts. 2.Haemodynamics and Blood Flow. 3. The Carotid and Vertebral Arteries Transcranial Colour Doppler. 4. The Peripheral Arteries. 5. The Peripheral Veins. 6. The Aorta and Inferior Vena Cava. 7. Haemodialysis Access 8. The Liver 9. The Kidneys 10. Solid Organ Transplantationenal Transplantation. 11 Doppler Imaging of the Prostate. 12 Doppler Ultrasound of the Penis 13. Doppler Imaging of the Scrotum 14. Doppler Ultrasound of the FemalePelvis 15. Clinical Applications of Doppler Ultrasound in Obstetrics 16. Interventional and Intraoperative Doppler 17. Microbubble Ultrasound Contrast Agents Appendix: System Controls and Their Uses


Visible Islam in Modern Turkey by Adil Özdemir and Kenneth Frank is an objective, readable handbook of Islamic worship practices. The authors offer an introduction to the basics of Muslim worship in Turkey and to expressions of faith and identity, prayer, alms-giving, the fast, and the pilgrimage to Mecca. Along with some history behind the practices, they also present their combined interpretations of the present religious climate. This last issue lifts parts of the book above the level of general guide to that of social commentary, as the authors point out the tensions between secular and non-secular worldviews.


This article analyses the affection of the adoption of OPGW on the power line transmitting loss that is caused by calculation. It also gives some technical ways to resolve this problem.


EnergySolutions owns and operates a licensed, commercial low-level radioactive waste disposal facility located in Clive, Utah. The Clive site receives low-level radioactive waste from various locations within the United States via bulk truck, containerised truck, enclosed truck, bulk rail-cars, rail boxcars, and rail inter-modals. Waste packages are unloaded, characterized, processed, and disposed of at the Clive site. Examples of low-level radioactive waste arriving at Clive include, but are not limited to, contaminated soil/debris, spent nuclear power plant components, and medical waste. Generators of low-level radioactive waste typically include nuclear power plants, hospitals, national laboratories, and various United States government operated waste sites. Over the past few years, poor economic conditions have significantly reduced the number of shipments to Clive. With less revenue coming in from processing shipments, Clive needed to keep its expenses down if it was going to maintain past levels of profitability. The Operational Research group of EnergySolutions were asked to develop a simulation model to help identify any improvement opportunities that would increase overall operating efficiency and reduce costs at the Clive Facility. The Clive operations research model simulates the receipt, movement, and processing requirements of shipments arriving at the facility. The model includes shipment schedules, processingmore » times of various waste types, labor requirements, shift schedules, and site equipment availability. The Clive operations research model has been developed using the WITNESS{sup TM} process simulation software, which is developed by the Lanner Group. The major goals of this project were to: - identify processing bottlenecks that could reduce the turnaround time from shipment arrival to disposal; - evaluate the use (or idle time) of labor and equipment; - project future operational requirements under different forecasted scenarios. By identifying processing bottlenecks and unused equipment and/or labor, improvements to operating efficiency could be determined and appropriate cost saving measures implemented. Model runs forecasting various scenarios helped illustrate potential impacts of certain conditions (e.g. 20% decrease in shipments arrived), variables (e.g. 20% decrease in labor), or other possible situations. (authors)« less


The estimation of joint motion from muscle thickness has a variety of applications, such as gait analysis, muscle disease diagnosis, and prosthesis control. A wearable flexible ultrasonic sensor made from a piezoelectric polymer film is able to monitor muscle activities while allowing a wider range of body motion because of its lightweight compared to conventional medical ultrasonic probes. A bone-muscle lever model is employed to obtain the relationship between thickness of the flexor muscle at the forearm and wrist flexion angle with a healthy male subject. This relationship is applied to investigate the application of the flexible ultrasonic sensor for estimation of wrist motion. The wrist angles estimated from the muscle thickness changes measured by the flexible ultrasonic sensor exhibit similar trend with those obtained by video image analysis of the wrist motion captured during the experiment.


In order to confirm the accuracy of numerical simulation of welding temperature field of thin wall plate welding, a dynamic measuring system of welding heat cycle was designed with virtual instrument technique, which can acquire temperatures of more than 100 testing points by connecting a dozen of data acquisition modules in serial. The welding heat cycle of a thin plate was measured by using this system. It indicated that the results of numerical simulation match the experimental results comparatively. And the simulation of welding heat cycle was validated. It shows that this virtual instrument is a reliable testing tool for measuring multipoint welding heat cycles at the same tune.


We consider Bayesian information collection, in which a measurement policy collects information to support a future decision. This framework includes problems in ranking and selection, reinforcement learning, and continuous global optimization. We give sufficient conditions under which measurement policies achieve asymptotically minimal expected loss. Achieving asymptotically minimal expected loss implies that the sequence of decisions believed to be the best under successive posterior distributions converges almost surely to the set of globally optimal decisions. This condition is most useful for adaptive sequential sampling policies, which often perform better than nonadaptive policies, but whose convergence is often difficult to confirm by other means. We apply these sufficient conditions to show convergence to global optimality for three previously proposed ranking and selection policies: OCBA for linear loss, LL(S), and LL1. We also show how this sufficient condition may be applied to knowledge-gradient policies.


This article addresses the organizational structure and function of La Nuestra Familia, a prison-based Chicano crime group (gang) that formed in California in 1968 and has gradually moved eastward across the United States and into the Colorado prison system (Colorado Department of Corrections [DOC]). I argue that researchers of La Nuestra Familia have misinterpreted, or been unaware of, many of the vital functions of the organization to its membership. I demonstrate that Familia's organizational structure operates with a strong consensus of the Familianos (members) and that La Nuestra Familia functions, in most situations, as a mutual aid society.


The prevalence of palpable thyroid nodules increases with and is in a middle aged Solitary nodules are more common than multinodular goitres on clinical examination. The solitary thyroid nodule is defined as a discrete swelling in an otherwise normal gland. Thyroid can in those diffuse or multinodular goitres, isolated nodule.


Trust between stakeholders is a prerequisite to enable the governments to scale it up for land development and urban expansion. The case study provides recommendations on policy frameworks, implementation of land pooling processes, and entry points for those donors that are active in the urban space.


This group of outlines is part of a compendium of protocols and charts presented by the Puerto Rico Academy of Medical Directors as an initiative to help Puerto Rico primary care providers in the difficult task of developing uniform guidelines on HIV infection in Community and Migrant Health Centers. This section consists of flow charts that deal with the clinical management of obstetric and gynecology (OB/GYN) patients being tested for HIV infection and clinical management of the GYN patient scheduled for minor surgery. Obstetric patients that are HIV positive receive the usual HIV patient work-up as well as counseling for possible mother/fetus transmission and birth control methods. These patients are also screened for: hepatitis B TB VDRL GC chlamydia and early gestation antibody titers for both cytomegalovirus and taxoplasmosis. All high risk behavior GYN patients scheduled for minor surgery must be screened for HIV infection. If HIV status is unknown it is recommended to follow infection control guidelines for surgery.


The problem raised in this study is to build a prototype of the Robot Medical Assistant driving machine which has the Obstacle Avoidance function with autonomous motion. Research that has been carried out before is still using a joystick to move the robot, or in other words, the robot is still manually driven by a human. Because it is very unreliable and too dependent on humans, this manual steering method needs to be improved by applying autonomous methods to robots. So in this study a better method is presented so that the robot can move autonomously and have an Obstacle Avoidance function so that the robot can avoid obstacles well. So the user determines the destination and what the task is then pressing the 'START' button when the robot is ready to go. The test is carried out by giving commands for the robot to move from one location to another with several obstacles installed on the available paths. From this test, the results show that the robot is quite successful in avoiding obstacles and going to its destination with an average sensor measurement error of 1.25%. Keywords—Autonomous system, Mobile robot, Obstacle avoidance, Robot medical assistant Jurnal ELECTRA : Electrical Engineering Articles Vol.1, No.1, September 2020, pp. 10~15 ISSN: 2747-0539 (Online) / 2745-598X (Print)


The purpose of this study was to analyze the mineralization of N in soil at the plant okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench.) In the form of fresh and composted.
This research was conducted at the Green House using completely randomized design. The study was conducted in two phases: 1. composting organic waste, phase 2. The mineralization of organic matter on growth and yield of Okra, with nine fertilization treatment that is 1. Organic waste (ow) 2. Organic waste + organic manure (owm) 3. organic waste + biofound (owb) 4. organic waste + manure + bio found (owmb) 5. compost of organic waste (cow) 6. compost of organic waste + organic manure (cowm) 7. compost of organic waste + biofound (cowb) 8. compost of organic waste + organic manure + biofound (cowmb) and 9. inorganic (in). Data was analyzed by F test 0.05 if there is a real difference then continued with Duncan test 5%.
The results showed that the N mineralization age 60 HST were significantly different among all treatments, in order from highest to lowest, in>ow>cowm>owb>cow>(owm,cowmb)> owmb>cowb. Observation of the leaf area, plant dry weight and fresh weight of pods per hectare was not significantly different among all treatments.

Keywords: organic waste, compost, mineralization of N, Okra.


Both examined radiochemical methods, emanation method and the method of surface labeling with inert radioactive gases, proved quite sensitive to hydroxide dehydration processes in systems that form volume solid solutions with thorium dioxide (Th/sup 228/O/sub 2/-ThO/sub 2/ and ZrO/sub 2/-ThO/sub 2/) and with systems that do not form such solutions (MgO-- ThOs/bu 2/, anation and radioactive gas emission temperature with the temperature of initial endothermal dehydration was found. The maximum dehydration endothermal effect was at a higher temperature than the maximum of radioactivity. A more widespread use of the described two radioactive method is suggested. (R.V.J.)


For programming, scheduling, content management systems and processes content on upload, store and manage the site. For Web site pages (200) comprising a content area (202), a channel region (204), user-selectable operator (206, 208), inventory (220), the menu area (222) and an extension (224, 226, 228, 230). Metadata element is attached to the sites, according to the metadata element into the site level. The content management system and process via the metadata, performs all the generated offline website elements and elements associated with these sites into packets. Next, the time schedule for the online availability of said predetermined packet.


The inheritance of and relationships between diastatic power, seed texture, steep mass, malt mass, dry malt mass, rate of moisture uptake during malting and percentage moisture of malt were analysed by means of a factorial crossing design, which involved the crossing of three grain sorghum females with eight males, as well as by means of correlation and path coefficient analyses. Especially in the case of diastatic power, but also for the other characteristics, the observed components of variation indicated a lack of genetic variability and the necessity to increase the number of plots and seasons for such experiments. Malt mass was the characteristic most strongly related to diastatic power. Its use in a breeding programme is discussed.


Dingxin Wang, Peter Kollasch, Edward Auerbach, Steen Moeller, Bhat Himanshu, Kamil Ugurbil, and Vibhas Deshpande Siemens Medical Solution USA, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, United States, Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, United States, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Charlestown, MA, United States, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Austin, TX, United States


Most children in Kaltungo town grow up with mottle (stain) teeth, thought to be caused by chemical characteristics of the town"s sources of drinking water. This study carried out an assessment of physico-chemical properties of groundwater from selected hand dug wells and boreholes in Kaltungo town from same geological formation for 12 months. Physical parameters of Odour, Colour, Taste, Temperature, Turbidity, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), and Chemical parameters of pH, Cl, Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn, F, Cd, NO3 , Total hardness (TH), Total alkalinity (TA) and Conductivity were tested. Standard statistical analysis was used to analyze the data and compare with World Health Organization guidelines for drinking water. All Physical parameters were within the acceptable limits, except temperature which had a mean value of 29.7 ° C, which is higher than WHO (2006) guide line limit of 25 ° C, but acceptable by NIS, SON and NAFDAC(2007) limits. Almost all the chemical parameters were below the recommended maximum. Mean value of fluoride concentration from hand dug wells was 1.81 mg/l and boreholes, 1.59 mg/l. Both are above the recommended maximum value of 1.5 mg/l. Mean concentrations of fluoride obtained in wells compared with those from boreholes indicated fluoride concentrations were much higher in wells than in bore holes. High fluoride concentration in the ground waters of Kaltungo town is responsible for teeth mottling among the people. Central water treatment plant is recommended to reduce high fluoride content before pumping the water for public consumption. The paired sample T-Test of the difference between the mean values of water physical parameters from hand dug wells and bore holes at P ≥ 0.05 shows that there was no significant difference between the mean temperature values, mean total dissolved solid values and ambient temperature values but there was significant difference between the mean turbidity values at P ≥ 0.05. While the paired sample T-Test of the difference between the mean values of water chemical parameters from hand dug wells and bore holes at P ≥ 0.05 shows that there was significant difference between the mean Cl , Fe, Cu, Zn, F , NO3 , TH and TA values but there was no significant difference between the mean pH and Cond., values at P ≥ 0.05.


Salary Increases for Staff Employed in NSW Health Service covered by the Health Services Union (HSU) , Health Service Union awards prescribe a 4% increase to rates of pay and allowances effective from the first pay period to commence on or after 1 July 2006. This Information Bulletin advises of the new rates which are provided in the attached schedule.


One of the basic problems of maintaining a water distribution system is that of minimizing leakage in its facilities. The use of various plastic materials as reservoir linings is increasingly preferred as a solution to one aspect of this problem. A relatively new and promising approach to installing linings is the application, in liquid form, of polyurethane synthetic rubber. This was the procedure that the water division of the city of Riverside, Calif., employed in the repair of Linden Reservoir. This 16-mil-gal facility was built in 1927. It was constructed by a cut-and-fill operation; excavated earth was used to form an embankment with a slope of 1.5:1. The basin thus created, 1 10 X 400 ft at the invert, 495 X 195 ft at the top, and 27 ft deep, was lined with gunite approximately 2Vi in. thick. To support a timber roof, 216 concrete columns were erected. In 1955, capacity was increased by the addition of a 5-ft vertical parapet wall. At the same time, the wooden roof was replaced with one of aluminum sheet, which reduced the number of supporting columns in use to 46.


In this paper, a multi-antenna assisted virtual full-duplex (FD) relaying with reliability-aware iterative decoding at destination node is proposed to improve system spectral efficiency and reliability. This scheme enables two half-duplex relay nodes, mimicked as FD relaying, to alternatively serve as transmitter and receiver to forward their received signals regardless of the decoding errors. Meanwhile, the inter-relay interference is cancelled with QR-decomposition. Then, by deploying the proposed reliability-aware iterative detection/decoding process at destination node, the inter-frame interference and error propagation effect can be simultaneously mitigated. Simulation results show that, without extra cost of time delay and signalling overhead, our proposed scheme outperforms the conventional selective decode-and-forward (S-DF) relaying schemes, such as cyclic redundancy check based S-DF relaying and threshold based S-DF relaying, by up to 8 dB in terms of bit-error-rate.


PURPOSE: To securely detect a damage by emitting a minute tool damage alarm when the transient condition of the moving average of high frequency vibration signals of a cutting tool and low frequency signals related to a force acting on the tool is almost identical in time within a selected time interval. CONSTITUTION: The vibration of a cutting tool detected by a wide band accelerometer 50 passes a 30 to 70 kHz band filter 52, a double wave rectifier 53, a low band filter 54, and a sump hold circuit 55, the moving average of the vibration is calculated by a moving average calculation means 58 in a logic circuit 57, and the transient condition having a suspect of tool damage is detected by a judgment means 59. When its increase or decrease is over a specified value, a tool damage alarm is emitted. Also, the logic circuit 64 inputs signals related to a force acting on the tool detected by a low frequency accelerometer 51, and calculates the moving average by a moving average calculation means 65. When the logic circuit detects a suspect transient condition by a judgment means 66, it judges by a means 67 together with signals from the judgment means 59 whether it is within a time period or not. When the transient condition is present within the time period, it emits a tool damage alarm. COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO


A model for the optimal siting of power emergency service stations is developed with the consideration of power outage risk of loads,which is determined by the power shortage,load type and outage probability in unit time. The model takes the minimum total risk of all loads as its objective and introduces the overtime penalty factor into the time constraint of emergency service response when it can not be satisfied in practical conditions. Floyd algorithm is applied to solve the optimization model. Case study shows that,because the proposed model considers the difference of power outage risk among loads,the practical larger power outage cost is avoided,which may occur if only the minimum response time is taken as its objective.


Wangwei,called Shifo(the Buddha of poem),whose poem style was famous as grace and magnificence,forming a kind of state of spaciousness.However,in different periods his poem style took on different characteristics,the author attempts wholly to analyze the reasons for this sort of poem style on the point that his poem style was affected by the ideas of Confucianism、 Taoism、 Buddhism,which combined with his life and his politics background.


The day my partner of 30 years, the photographer Robert Giard, died, I became an archivist. There were the many artifacts of daily life that take on extraordinary meaning at times of intense grief and there was also the large body of work—thousands of photographic prints, negatives, contact sheets, diaries, and workbooks—that he left in my care. In this essay I explore the complex emotions that creating a functional archive elicited in me and the unexpected ways that this process prompted me to reimagine the work of teaching and learning in classrooms.


PURPOSE: To provide a modified antibody which has specified plural terminal glycoside residues bonded or exposed and which is useful for the treatment or photographing of tumors or infectious diseases of human patients, and with which the blood clearance rate can be controlled. CONSTITUTION: Plural numbers of terminal glycoside residues (preferably galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine or glycose residues) which can be bonded to a human hepatic asialoglycoproteln receptor are bonded to the antibody or the antibody fragment which is specifically bonded to a marker substance produced or associated by tumor or infectious diseases. Alternatively the glycoside is exposed as the terminal residue of a conjugate hydrocarbon present in the antibody. Then radioisotopes, a sensitizer for magnetic resonance imaging, toxin or drug are bonded to the antibody and then mixed with a sterilized injection liquid which is pharmaceutically acceptable. Thus, a sterilized injection drug is prepared to be used for imaging or therapy of tumor or infectious diseases of a human patient. COPYRIGHT: (C)1989,JPO


This article makes an assessment of Hebrew Bible studies in the current decade of the 2020s. It points to four defining areas for Hebrew Bible research in the coming years. These four areas are the body, climate and ecology, the non-Western world, and the ever-increasing fluidity of the boundaries of the field.


The following article reports on the planning, construction arid on initial operating experience with a pipe annealing furnace in a centrifugal-casting pipemill. The objective was that of designing and constructing a furnace plant which, on the one hand, would fulfill all requirements for heat treatment of cast pipes produced using the centrifugal casting process and, on the other hand, could be integrated into a fully automated pipe production line. A further central target was the solution of the problems arising in heating of the furnace using natural gas. Following construction and commissioning, and also a subsequent optimization phase under production conditions, the initial operating results indicated that the furnace fulfills the expectations placed in it.


The field data are the base of traffic flow theory, but to get accurate data is difficult, especially, in the data disposal, this is because the data collection period is very long, the quantity of sample is very large, and the data are surveyed by automatic apparatuses generally now, and there are many abnormal data in all data sequence. During the data are disposed, to distinguish the abnormal data is very difficult, and to dispose the data by people is unpractical, using a automatic method is necessary. After analyzing and contrasting, the traditional methods, such as the method of probability and data smoothness, were proved to be unfit for data disposal, then the RBF artificial neural networks is introduced to do this because of its characteristics of nonlinear mapping, dealing with parallel data and self-studying, and a RBF of three layers with two nerve cells in input layer and one nerve cell in output layer is built, after training based on the actual data, using the RBF to dispose the raw data, the result shows that the method can distinguish the abnormal data from all the raw data, and the method is feasible.


Aims: To report two cases of acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy, a rare vasculitis characterized by purpuric skin lesions and peripheral edema without systemic involvement (excluding fever), which has a sudden onset and an usually benign course, with spontaneous resolution. Cases description: The authors describe two cases of male infants, 11 and 12 months old, who were admitted to the emergency department with fever and progressively worsening purpuric lesions. The diagnosis of acute hemorrhagic edema of infancy was made by exclusion and sustained by the fact that, despite the impressive skin presentation, both infants had a good general state and presented the classic triad of this entity: fever, peripheral edema, and purpuric lesions on the face, ears and extremities. Both boys presented total regression of the lesions in about one week, without sequelae. Conclusions: There are just over 100 cases of hemorrhagic edema of infancy reported worldwide. The rarity of this vasculitis may be due to underdiagnosis or mistaken diagnosis of other leukocytoclastic vasculitis, mostly Henoch-Schonlein purpura. In addition to this, there are other conditions to consider in the differential diagnosis, such as meningococcemia, Kawasaki disease and erythema multiforme, which have similarities, but at the same time distinctive features that allow to exclude them. Timely diagnosis of acute hemorrhagic edema of childhood is crucial to avoid unnecessary therapies and supplementary tests, as well as to reassure the family about the good prognosis of the disease.


The key scientific issue for magnetically driven fusion concepts is the stability of the cylindrical liner surrounding the fuel. The liner is susceptible to the magnetoRayleigh-Taylor instability, which can disrupt the liner implosion and prevent it from successfully compressing and confining the fuel. We summarize an LDRD project to investigate the stability of aluminum and beryllium liner implosions on the Sandia Z pulsed power facility. Much of the work was conducted in the specific context of a new magnetized liner inertial fusion (MagLIF) concept, and continued modeling of that concept was supported by this project. However, the liner stability data is fundamental to magnetically driven systems, and the idea of magnetizing and preheating fuel applies to any inertial confinement fusion platform. We also demonstrated prototype 10 T axial magnetic field coils, which are needed both to test the MagLIF concept and the idea of stabilizing liner implosions using magnetic fields.


The invention discloses an antireflection layer for a solar cell and a preparing process of the antireflection layer. The antireflection layer is characterized by being formed by Gd2O3. The preparing process comprises the steps of firstly depositing a Gd2O3 antireflection layer at one side of an N-type diffusion layer of a P-type silicon with an organic chemical vapor deposition method, then performing annealing treatment to form an SiO2 buffer layer between the antireflection layer and the N-type diffusion layer, thus finishing the preparing of the antireflection layer. The antireflection layer has the advantages of being low in Si lattice miss-matching ratio, large in forbidden bandwidth, high in refractive index, good in stability and the like.


The invention discloses a transmission and a hydraulic control system. A hydraulic control system for an automatic transmission with a torque converter includes two regulator valves controlled by a single variable force solenoid (VFS). A bypass clutch regulator valve increases the pressure to a bypass clutch apply chamber as the VFS pressure increases. A converter charge regulator valve decreases the pressure in a converter charge circuit as the VFS pressure increases. The converter charge circuit is in series with a lubrication circuit. An orifice restricts the flow through these circuits such that they can be supplied from the line pressure circuit rather than a lower priority circuit. In one embodiment, an on/off solenoid opens a flow control valve to bypass the orifice when additional flow is required. In another embodiment, an electric pump supplements the flow in these circuits when required. This later embodiment includes a switch valve such that the electric pump also supports stop/start operation.


This paper focuses on the use of code features for automatic plagiarism detection. Instead of the text-based analyses employed by current plagiarism detectors, we propose a system that is based on properties of assignments that course instructors use to judge the similarity of two submissions. This system uses neural network techniques to create a feature-based plagiarism detector and to measure the relevance of each feature in the assessment. The system was trained and tested on assignments from an introductory computer science course, and produced results that are comparable to the most popular plagiarism detectors.


CuO nanocrystals of three different sizes 3.5, 6.5, and 10.0 nm were synthesized by a novel electrochemical route. Quantum size effects in these nanocrystals are evident from the optical absorption spectra. The optical absorption feature is observed to be blue shifted by about 1 eV with size reduction. The CuO q-particles were found to be single-phased and very stable as far as the size and phase is concerned.


In this paper, two space-vector-based pulsewidth modulation (PWM) (SVPWM) strategies named equal- and proportional-duty SVPWMs are described, which are used to synthesize a four-level waveform from an open-end winding configuration of an induction motor. Two isolated dc-link voltages, which are in the ratio of 2 : 1, are employed to achieve this objective. Both of these PWM strategies achieve the avoidance of overcharging of the dc-link capacitor of an inverter operating with lower dc-link voltage by its counterpart with higher dc-link voltage. Implementation of these PWM strategies requires only the instantaneous three-phase reference voltages, eliminating the need of sector identification or lookup tables. The numbers of samples per cycle for individual inverters are selected in such a way that the quarter-wave, half-wave, and three-phase symmetries are achieved for the dual-inverter drive despite unequal dc-link voltages for the constituent inverters. It is also shown that one of the two PWM techniques, called the proportional-duty SVPWM, results in a better spectral performance and lower switching power loss in the overall dual-inverter system compared to the equal-duty SVPWM.


Abstract Background Recognizing the importance not only of the clinician's opinion but also of the patient's experience and perspective, Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) utilized both clinician-reported and patient-reported outcomes in a large-scale multi-step study on antidepressant effectiveness in real-world settings. Both approaches indicate that <17% of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) patients respond to novel oral treatments after two prior antidepressant failures. To address this low response rate and continue to investigate the use of patient-rated outcomes in clinical trials, an antidepressant with a new mechanism of action is being investigated for efficacy and safety utilizing both clinician-rated and patient-reported scales. Methods This is a post-hoc analysis of a Janssen R&D Phase 2a clinical trial (ESKETINTRD2003). Subjects aged 20-64 withMDD without psychotic features (DSM IV) and a history of inadequate response to ≥2 antidepressants were randomized [3:1:1:1] to 1 week of twice-weekly treatment with intranasal placebo (n=33), esketamine 28 mg (n=11), 56 mg (n=11), or 84 mg (n=12). Participants taking oral antidepressants at study entry continued treatment during the study. Changes in depression severitywere measured using the Clinical Global Impression Severity (CGI-S) and the Patient Global Impression Severity (PGI-S) scales. Results At all esketamine doses (28 mg, 56 mg, 84 mg), subjects reported a one-point mean change in PGI-S from baseline to week one compared to no change on placebo (p-values 0.005, 0.001, 0.032 respectively). Similarly, mean CGI-S scores improved for subjects receiving esketamine at all doses (p-values 0.028, 0.004, 0.049 respectively) compared to no change inplacebo subjects. These data are consistent with previously reported data based on the Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and support positive correlation between patient-reported and clinician-reported outcomes. Discussion Initial results from this Phase 2a study suggest clinically relevant improvement in depression symptoms in as early as one week when treated with twice-weekly intranasal esketamine as reported by both clinicians and patients. This work will help guide future investigations of esketamine in larger populations to provide better therapeutic options for treatment resistantMDD patients. Funding Acknowledgements Janssen


Bangladesh is a densely populated country where the initial coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients was reported by early March 2020.1,2 The majority of the elderly residents in rural Bangladesh have limited access to proper health care services, economic services, and employment opportunities,3 while most of them encountered cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, diabetes, and other chronic diseases.4 Such elderly rural people are vulnerable to COVID-19, and thus, their perception to prevent the coronavirus disease is very crucial to generate necessary initiative among them. The wrong perception and myths observed among the elderly residents in rural Bangladesh can be classified as follows: prevention, causes, and treatment of COVID-19. First, the prevention subcategory was formed with wrong perceptions such as using any category of face mask can guard against coronavirus, consuming garlic can provide protection against coronavirus, and eating "thankuni" leaves can build protection against coronavirus. Second, there were also wrong perceptions such as parcels from Dhaka (affected area) can spread coronavirus, young people do not get affected by corona, and mosquito bite can spread coronavirus, which were linked with subcategory causes. Last, there were incorrect insights related to treatment of COVID-19 such as gargling hot water with salt and vinegar can clean the virus from the throat, the virus will die due to hot weather, and test of corona is possible randomly in any/local hospital. Elderly rural people having belief on myths are a potential threat to the whole community. Due to the population density, this would be nearly impossible to ensure social distance by the help of law enforcement agencies unless the citizens themselves willingly follow the preventive guidelines of COVID-19. Similarly, due to their limited access to media and language gap, it is very difficult to make them correct through the existing practices, such as information provided in the official (the World Health Organization, Ministry of Health) websites, newspapers, official pages of social media, and by video messages through electronic media.5,6 Furthermore, due to economic situation, poverty, living standard, and professional role, most of them are relying on their wrong perception and thus do not follow social distancing to ensure their food and living. Amid this situation, the following initiatives can be taken in mass scale: awareness and authentic information should reach these people not only via the electronic media but also via the community level volunteers, (political) leaders, and Imams (community leader of Muslims) or other religionbased leaders; printing and distributing posters to provide correct information about individual responsibilities; trained young volunteers from the rural community can also significantly help by providing facts about COVID-19 to maintain the health regulations; ensure the steady supply of food at their residence during the COVID-19 lockdown period; and finally, the mainstream media and local newspapers must provide authentic information to create a positive impact on rural elderly people. We would like to conclude that enhancing their awareness and busting their beliefs on myths should be considered as a decisive concern to achieve desired quality of life in rural communities during the COVID-19 pandemic.


Recent years have witnessed the use of biometric recognition systems in increasing number of applications with the number of users growing at a steady pace. However, security and privacy problems have arisen from this upsurge of interest to biometric systems. Template protection methods solve such security and privacy problems where unpredictability is a crucial goal. Here, we study the unpredictability of biohashing (a transformation-based template protection method) using entropy as a measure. Our novel work outlines a systematic approach for theoretical evaluation of biohashes using estimated entropy which is based on degree of freedom of Binomial distribution. Our experiments demonstrate that biohash unpredictability varies in different threat models where the entropy of a biohash is almost equal to its bit length under the naive scenario and is significantly low in the advanced scenario, implying that the amount of information kept hidden in a biohash is more likely to be predicted.


The article presents a summary of the research results of the project on the development of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland in its initial phase (March-June 2020). It argues that the design and timing of regulatory responses, as well as the adherence of the population to the relevant rules, had a critical impact on the progression and public health consequences of the pandemic. On that basis, the article concludes that well-designed public health measures, which are implemented early as a part of the proactive strategy that anticipates and reacts quickly to changing circumstances can effectively decrease number of COVID-19 infections and related deaths, provided that adherence of a relevant population is high.


Administrative reform must attempt to improve what government administration intends to achieve, for unless the goal of government is sound there cannot be any real administrative reform. In this basic sense, administrative reform is normative. Goal-relevance is particularly essential in the case of developing countries for whom a choice of goals is far more important than it is for developed countries. And there is little question that national development is the primary goal of many developing countries.


X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (E-X) imaging has been applied to the study of perfluorinated self-assembled monolayers (SAM) adsorbed on gold surfaces. Patterned monolayers were formed using a 'stamping' procedure which enabled the formation of 'two-component' monolayers. The E-X images yield spatial information, with a 30 μm resolution, on the quality and chemical composition of the resulting monolayer structures.


Dielectric susceptibility (Iµ′, Iµ″) measurements were made on isotropic, nematic, and solid para-azoxyanisole in the micro-wave region. From the Cole-Cole plots, dielectric relaxation times were determined and the barrier-to-rotation, interpreted as corresponding to rotation around the long molecular axis, was estimated to be 2.6 kcal/mol in the isotropic phase and 2.3 kcal/mol in the nematic phase. In the solid phase Iµ′ drops to low values practically equal to Iµ∞.Infra-red measurements were performed additionally for the solid substance. From the temperature dependence of the peak widths at 910 cm–1(benzene rings), 1020 cm–1(O—CH3 groups), and 1330 cm–1(N2O group) the corresponding barriers-to-rotation were found to be 1.9, 1.9 and 4.5 kcal/mol respectively.The possible influence on neutron quasielastic scattering measurements is discussed.


The purpose of this paper is to explore the use of death anxiety within advertising communications. The paper focuses specifically on whether advertising has the discrete capability to instigate death anxiety amongst subjects and how this might manifest and it additionally looks to discover whether a group's materialistic tendencies can act as a variable in determining their susceptibility to death anxiety invoked by advertising. Before and after projective techniques were utilised and results identified that an increase in death anxiety did occur post stimuli, most pervasively amongst subjects deemed to be highly materialistic. Discomfort and confusion were recognized as initial reactions to death within advertising which could look to act as potential predictive measures of death anxiety and the emergence of five themes that indicated the prevalence of death anxiety occurred. These were: Fear; Worry; Catastrophization; Desire for Self Esteem; Blame and Stereotyping.


Both rapid leadership turnover and remarkably durable leaders can be found side by side in African systems of personal rule. In order to explain differences in time in power among African leaders we employ life tables analysis and hazard models, a multivariate technique. We find that the risk of losing power is a decreasing function of time that is little affected by country or leader particularities. The best predictor of whether a leader will lose power in any given period is the length of rule up to that point.


Singapore property tax system, William McCluskey and Brendan Williams the property tax system in Hong Kong, Bobby Hastings and Megan Walters rating in Malaysia, Raja Hizam, Frances Plimmer, Abdul Nawawi and Stuart Gronow the present and future role of property taxation in local government funding in Ireland, Brendan Williams real property taxation in Pakistan, Simon Keith property taxation in Thailand, Sakon Varanyuwatana immovable property taxation in Cyprus, Panayiotis Panayiotou, Frances Plimmer, Antonakis Panayi and David Jenkins an analysis of local government finance in Botswana, Ngaka Monagen property taxation in Zimbabwe, Geoff Brakspear property tax systems in the Netherlands, Jan Paul Kruimel decentralising property taxation - the Philippine perspective, Oscar Baraquero the property tax system in Brazil, Claudio De Cesare and Les Ruddock rating systems in New Zealand, Garry Dowse and Bob Hargreaves property taxes in Australia, David Hornby property taxation in South Africa, Riel Franzsen real property taxation in Kenya, Washinton Olima land value taxation in Estonia, Tambet Tiits and Aivar Tomson unimproved land value taxation in Jamaica, Suzanne Lyons and William McCluskey real property taxation in Poland, Jan Brzeski local property taxation in Hungary, Gabor Peteri and Mihaly Lados property taxation in the Czech Republic, Alena Rohlickova.


This paper introduces the concept and features of digital library,probes into the superiorities of digital library,expounds the present situation of the construction of digital library in China,and puts forward some measures for strengthening the construction of digital library and providing the personalized service.


We develop a variational approach in order to study qualitative properties of nonautonomous parabolic equations. Based on the method of product integrals, we discuss invariance properties and ultracontractivity of evolution families in Hilbert space. Our main results give sufficient conditions for the heat kernel of the evolution family to satisfy Gaussian‐type bounds. Along the way, we study examples of nonautonomous equations on graphs, metric graphs, and domains.


Emotions, Media and Politics by Karin Wahl-Jorgensen deals with emotion as an important concept and the author quite impressively advances a case for considering emotion as a distinctive and emergi...


Synthetic ammonia plant level 3 compressor gas buffer tank after,The abbreviation"level 3compression buffer tank".In the production process,head center began to occurrence crackle,was forced to stop to take repairing.This paper analyzes the reasons for the formation of crack and the pipeline vibration of treatment.Repair technology scientific and reasonable,After the restoration of quality to achieve a long cycle use requirement.


This paper presents a nonlocal shear deformation beam theory for bending, buckling, and vibration of functionally graded (FG) nanobeams using the nonlocal differential constitutive relations of Eringen. The developed theory account for higher-order variation of transverse shear strain through the depth of the nanobeam, and satisfy the stress-free boundary conditions on the top and bottom surfaces of the nanobeam. A shear correction factor, therefore, is not required. In addition, this nonlocal nanobeam model incorporates the length scale parameter which can capture the small scale effect and it has strong similarities with Euler–Bernoulli beam model in some aspects such as equations of motion, boundary conditions, and stress resultant expressions. The material properties of the FG nanobeam are assumed to vary in the thickness direction. The equations of motion are derived from Hamilton\'s principle. Analytical solutions are presented for a simply supported FG nanobeam, and the obtained results compare well with those predicted by the nonlocal Timoshenko beam theory.


Open access refers to unrestricted access via the Internet to articles published in scholarly journals such as "Bioengineering and Biomedical Science". OMICS Publishing Group strongly supports this open access initiative and all articles published by OMICS Publishing Group are freely accessible to everyone immediately after publication. Some of the special features of OMICS group journals include digital formatting, audio listening, language translation and ability to share views on articles via social networking. There are many benefits of open access model where the end users including researchers, patients, students, clinicians and policy makers can have immediate access to latest research findings throughout the world. Open Access articles are cited much more than the non open access articles [1] and have greater visibility in the scientific community and public. With Open Access, rehabilitation research can overcome national and professional barriers and provide an opportunity for the research community to improve their citation impact, readability and reach while also facilitating interdisciplinary research [2].


396 flight, Pilâtre met death near Calais in the first air crash. Nothing if not thorough, Thébaud-Sorger has left no document unread, no page unturned, whether in Parisian or provincial, printed or unprinted, primary or secondary sources. Nor is any aspect of the topic untouched. Her approach precludes narrative treatment, however, and I find the presentation to be a little amorphous. Nevertheless, the sheer volume of detailed information conveys a sense of the dimensions of aerostatics in public sensibility in 1783–84.


Due to the existing solar tracking controller having defect of poor anti-interference and large tracking error, a solar-powered lighting system based on microcomputer technology is introduced. The system uses MSP430F149 ultra-low power microcontroller as the main control chip. Timing method, Coordinate method and four quadrant sensor comparison method are used for precise tracking of the sun. It controls the solar cell to track the sun and to charge the battery during the day.And the LED modules provides the efficient lighting at night. It can also monitor the battery, achieve battery charge and over discharge protection, and realize the real-time monitoring of lighting system. The test results show that, the system is simple, safe and stable. The lighting system is efficient and has a broad application value.


A laboratory experiment was conducted to investigate salt tolerant sorghum genotypes based on morphological characters of nine sorghum genotypes during germination and seedling growth. The treatments were consisted of 0mM and 100mM NaCl and nine genotypes were BD 686, BD 687, BD 693, BD 699, BD 700, BD 747, BD 748, BD 750, BD 753. The experiment was laid out in a CRD with 3 replications. The plants were grown hydroponically in the plant physiology laboratory, Department of Crop Botany, BAU, Mymensingh. Under salinity stressed (0 and 100 mMNaCl) condition, tolerant genotypes BD 750 and BD 686 showed higher germination percentage, different stress tolerance index (GSTI, SLSI, RLSI,FSTI and DSTI), shoot and root length, fresh weight , dry weight, leaf area (LA), vigor index than those in sensitive genotype BD 747 and BD 753. The underlying mechanism to these changes was described in details.


Objective To investigate the performance of the normal Medium and late pregnancy fetal by color doppler.Methods To observed the tricuspid regurgitation of the 147 normal Medium and late pregnancy fetal heart cases by four-chamber view and color doppler,then record the number,the length,and the area,etc.And assessing the grate of the tricuspid regurgitation by very mild,mild,moderate and severe.Results The detection rate of the Medium pregnancy fetal tricuspid regurgitation is 43.69%,including 44 cases of lower than moderate,1 case of moderate and no severe case.The detection rate of the late pregnancy fetal tricuspid regurgitation is 52.27%,including 23 cases of lower than moderate,no case of moderate to severe.Conclusion The normal medium and late pregnancy fetal tricuspid regurgitation has a high incidence and the grade of regurgitation is very mild and mild mainly.


The atomic ensemble effect will affect the catalysis on catalyst surfaces and determine the selectivity of multielectron reactions, which is an effective potential strategy to modulate the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) selectivity for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production. Here, we reported the investigation of the ensemble effect on Pt/Pd chalcogenides for the two-electron ORR. A series of Pt/Pd chalcogenides were synthesized via introducing chalcogens into Pt/Pd, resulting in catalysts with isolated Pt/Pd active site. X-ray adsorption spectroscopy reveals the change of the electronic structure. Their ORR selectivity transformed from a four-electron process to a two-electron one, which was attributed to the isolated active sites changing the adsorption mode and the tunable electronic property weakening the adsorption energy. Density functional theory calculations revealed that Pt/Pd chalcogenides possessed a lower binding energy of OOH* and inhibited the breakage of the O-O bond, and PtSe2/C with an optimal adsorption energy of OOH* showed 91% selectivity toward H2O2 production. This work provides a design principle for synthesizing highly selective Pt group catalysts for H2O2 production.


Some open problems concerning classical multiterminal configuration in which two correlated sources {X} and {Y} are encoded separately and decoded by common decoder with respect to a fidelity criterion for messages of both sources are resolved. The results of Berger and Yeung (1989) are expanded in two directions. First, we determine the "rate-distortion" region R(/spl Delta/) of achievable rates R/sub x/, R/sub y/ for a given /spl Delta/=(/spl Delta//sub x/,/spl Delta//sub y/) with /spl Delta//sub x/ the permissible distortion level for reproduction of X and /spl Delta//sub y/- for Y. Thus we give a full solution of the problem noted by Kaspi and Berger (1982) (they constructed the inner bound for R(/spl Delta/)), and solved by Berger and Yeung for the case of "one distortion". Second, we introduce the notion of "rate-reliability, distortion" region for the multiterminal source encoding problem; more precisely, the region of admissible rates of codes ensuring exponential decrease with a given exponent E>0 of the probability of exceeding the distortion levels /spl Delta//sub x/ or /spl Delta//sub y/. The inner and outer bounds for this region R(E,/spl Delta/) are constructed. The analytical representation obtained for R(/spl Delta/) proved to be somewhat simpler than that considered by Kaspi and Berger and by Berger and Yeung. Ours uses only variables pertaining to the problem statement with no auxiliary ones.


Investing in the education of girls may well be the highest return investment available in the developing world. As such, increasing the level of female education is an especially high priority in Pakistan. This economist has examined the links between women's education and development, and argues on several fronts in support of educating girls. Worldwide, female children suffer higher levels of mortality than boys, symptomatic of a general pattern of female deprivation in the developing world, especially in South Asia. Underinvestment in girls results from parents' reluctance to invest in them because of their expectation that such investment will serve only girls' husbands and husbands' families. Women remain uneducated in this context. Experience, however, suggests that female education programs are relatively inexpensive compared to other development investments and that female enrollment rates could quickly be increased. Indeed, major initiatives to increase female education have the potential to transform society over time. Had a larger proportion of girls been educated one generation ago, millions of infant deaths annually could have been averted and tens of millions of families could have been both healthier and more content. These issues are discussed.


Indy 500 Live Stream 2019 Online

The Indianapolis 500-mile Grand Prix began in 1911 and is often referred to as the Indy 500 or 500-mile Grand


Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a systemic infiammatory disease, and cytokines play an important role in the pathogenesis of AP. Obesity and central fat distribution are associated with an infi ammatory state that could amplify the systemicinfi ammatory response in AP. The aim of this study was to investigate the profile of infiammatory cytokines in AP and to determine their relation with obesity, central fat distribution, and severity of AP. Methods: 61 consecutive patients with AP were enrolled in the study. Cytokines were measured in those patients who presented within the first 72 h of the onset of AP. Plasma levels of infiammatory cytokines: interleukin (IL)-Is, IL-1ra, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, TNFR-I, and TNFR-II were measured on days 1 and 2 of AP. Results: 23 patients (38%) had central fat distribution, 20 patients (33%) had obesity (BMI > 25), and 23 patients (38%) had severe AP. IL-1ra, IL-6, TNF-a, and TNFR-I was significantly higher in central fat distributed patients than in non-central fat distributed patients (P = 0.002, 0.003, 0.004, and 0.018). IL-1ra and IL-6 was significantly higher in obese patients than in non-obese patients (P = 0.040 and 0.026). IL-6 andTNFR-I was significantly higher in severe pancreatitis than in mild pancreatitis (P = 0.006 and 0.042). Among these six cytokines, IL-6 is the common elevated cytokine in central fat distributed, obese, and severe pancreatitis patients. Areas under receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves of IL-6 to predict central fat distribution, obesity, and severity of pancreatitis were 0.727, 0.677, and 0.711, respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Elevated levels of IL-6 was associatd with central fat distribution, obesity, and severity of pancreatitis in patients with AP and suggested its pathophysiological significance in AP.


We welcome Chris Wood's article about the MATISSE trial in the December 2013 issue of the journal (Wood, 2013). Research reports should not sit on shelves gathering dust, but stimulate reflection, debate and change, and we are grateful to Chris for helping us do this. Our aim throughout the MATISSE study has been to contribute to the development of a better understanding of the process and outcomes of art therapy for people with schizophrenia. This large study resulted in a number of papers that have already been published and others which we hope to publish in the coming months. We were therefore surprised that Chris took a short paper published in the BMJ as the starting point for her article. Strict limits on the length of papers published by this journal mean that much of the details of the study had to be omitted. A much fuller account of the trial findings have been published by NIHR (Crawford et al., 2013). This is publically available at: http://www.journalslibrary. nihr.ac.uk/hta/volume-16/issue-8. Some of the concerns raised in Chris' paper were addressed in accompanying papers on the process of the trial which she did not refer to. These include papers on the views of art therapists (Patterson, Crawford, Ainsworth, & Waller, 2011), the process of recruiting study participants (Patterson et al., 2010), and the important issue of the approach to delivering therapy that we used and whether this can be generalised to other parts of the country (Patterson, Debate, Anju, Waller, & Crawford, 2011). The MATISSE trial had a number of limitations which are important to consider when interpreting the study findings. Only 61% of patients attended any groups. As a result, groups were small and did not have a regular membership which may have made it difficult for therapists to make use of group interaction. Many of the people we recruited were not highly motivated to engage in group art therapy. However, a secondary analysis of study data which will be published later this year (Leurent et al., in press), shows that patients who had a preference for art therapy were not more likely to have positive outcomes. The results of this secondary analysis also show that people with prominent negative symptoms were not more likely to benefit from art therapy than those without prominent negative symptoms. There was also a non-statistically significant trend towards people who have poor engagement in other services benefiting more from art therapy than those who are better engaged with them. The decision not to restrict the study to people who were motivated to attend art therapy was a deliberate one aimed at testing the recommendation in national guidelines advising clinicians to consider offering arts therapies to 'all people with schizophrenia' (National Institute for Clinical Excellence [NICE], 2009, p.). We suspect that ethical concerns would have been raised had we tried to conduct a randomised study among people with schizophrenia who were highly motivated to receive this intervention. Such a trial may also have struggled to recruit study participants. Nonetheless, we cannot rule out the possibility that if we used this approach to selecting study participants the findings of the study may have been different. The central concern raised by Chris Wood is that the approach to art therapy we used in the study did not reflect practice in the UK. This was something that we were keen to find out at the time. We therefore undertook a national survey of art therapists working in a random sample of 27 Trusts throughout the England, which was also published in IJAT (Patterson et al. 2011). The results of the survey were that most art therapists, like those in the MATISSE trial, said that their practice was underpinned by a psychodynamically informed understanding of psychosis and that they typically adopted a nondirective approach to encouraging patients to use image making to express feelings and reflect on these in a concrete way to develop selfunderstanding. As in the MATISSE study, groups were generally held on a weekly basis and lasted for 90 minutes. Across the country there were a mix of open, slow-open, and closed groups. Closed groups of the type delivered in MATISSE accounted for a third of all groups run by art therapists who took part in the survey. Throughout the reporting of the trial we have been at pains to emphasise that we did not find evidence that group art therapy, as delivered in the trial, improved global functioning or health of people with schizophrenia. In our subsequent discussions with art therapists, both nationally and internationally, we have been struck by the constructive response that most therapists have taken to these disappointing findings. We International Journal of Art Therapy, 2014 Vol. 19, No. 2, 88–89, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17454832.2014.914342


Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) composites filled with expandable graphite (EG), hollow glass microspheres (HGM), and glass fibers (GF) have been synthesized and characterized by limiting oxygen index, radiation ignition, compressing and torsion testing, and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicate HGM and GF benefit to the mechanical properties, while EG is good for flame retardancy. Proper ingredient of additive can lead to good flame retardancy and mechanical properties of the RPUF. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40253.


Combining practical project,the paper states abouthow to control the cost effectively in tendering and bidding stage,constructional stage as well as final accounting stage,it points out that construction process of the project is an organic whole,we should maximize the investing benefits through making full use and thorough analysis of important information in constructional period.


Endoscopic sphincterotomy has been well established for the treatment of common bile duct stone, the success rate of extraction after endoscopic sphincterotomy with Dormia basket or balloon catheter can reach up to 95%, and the remaining cases require other methods. Mechanical lithotripsy is one alternative. Twenty-one cases of large common bile duct stones, 8 males and 13 females, with the mean age of 60.1±11.1 years (39-84) underwent mechanical lithotripsy. The mean size of stone was 2.3±0.4cm, the mean numbers of stones were 1.6±0.8(1-4), and the mean numbers of sessions needed to perform mechanical lithotripsy were 1.4±0.6(1-3). The success rate was 85.7% and there were no complications. Mechanical lithotripsy is an effective method for treatment of large common bile duct stone.


The structures of Li and K methyl and tert-butyl phenylacetate enolates A,M and B,M have been examined by IR and 13 C NMR spectroscopy in different solvents and solvent mixtures. In the IR, coupling of aromatic ring mode with the v(C . - . O) stretching vibration allows assignment of the E (or Z) configuration to the corresponding enolate. The IR mode assignments are secured by specific deuteration of the phenyl or methyl moieties in methyl phenylacetate.


Since its introduction some twenty years ago the Papanicolaou technique for cervical-vaginal cytology has had a tremendous impact on the detection of precancerous lesions and in situ cancer in the female genital tract. It has forced the clinician and pathologist to study the "early lesions" of cancer, particularly in the female genital tract and has brought about a better understanding of their biology. Cytology has over the years been extended to other areas, particularly the respiratory tract. Two recent areas of emphasis are the thin-needle aspiration biopsy and direct brushing of mucosal surfaces through the various fiber optic scopes now available, particularly for the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract. Thin-Needle Aspiration Biopsy. This is an old technique having been employed at Memorial Center for Cancer and Allied Diseases for over thirty years. It has never become popular in the United States, but in the last ten or fifteen years has become widely used in Europe, particularly in the Scandinavian countries. At the Karolinska Institute, approximately 12,000 such aspirations are done per year, mainly for mass lesions of the breast, prostate, lung, thyroid and lymph nodes. The technique renders a rapid diagnosis, particularly on benign and malignant tumors, and is usually done on an outpatient basis. In the setting described, a saving of time and expense to the patient is obvious. The technique of thin-needle aspiration is done with a narrow gauge 22 or 23 needle of various lengths, percutaneously, without anesthesia. Because


Persistent Association Technology associates the metadata with the contents persistently. In MPEG-21 architecture, one of promise multimedia framework for ubiquitous environment, multimedia contents are distributed with its metadata. The metadata are widely used for distribution, surveillance, and protection of multimedia contents in multimedia framework. In order to provide more secure multimedia services, the PAT is indispensable. The morphology of ubiquitous multimedia is different from ordinary multimedia. Moreover ubiquitous network environments have a mixture network of several wire and/or wireless. Ubiquitous multimedia challenges to current multimedia technologies. Several technical issues on the PAT for ubiquitous multimedia are discussed in this paper. We propose that a scalable form of PAT is one of feasible solution.


Bioactive glass (BG) has a broad variety of biomedical applications because of its distinctive ability to bond with bone by exchanging ions in simulated body fluid when implanted inside the body, it has drawn enormous interest. Osteoporosis is a main cause of loss of bone density and that adding strontium (Sr) to the matrix of bioglass stimulates bone formation and also increases bone density and mass. This study concerns sol-gel derived Sr doped bioactive glass (BG) (50.77SiO2−24.12Na2O–(23.39-x)CaO–xSrO–1.72P2O5) in the quaternary (SiO2−Na2O-CaO-P2O5) system (x=0, 3, 5 and 8 mol%).The effect of Sr on bone nodule-like formation was conducted by using Calcified Nodule Staining Kit (Cosmo Bio Co., Ltd) after 28 days culture with MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells (Riken Cell Bank, Tokyo, Japan). In XRD, the amorphous peak is slightly shifted to lower 2θ° value after SrO was incorporated into BG. Mineralization staining revealed that the larger area of mineralized nodules was detected on Sr (3) BG than others. These results suggest that BG with SrO 3% is a good candidate for bone tissue engineering with fast bone formation.


Fast growing of elderly population in Indonesia has not been met with a decent living. Elderly people susceptible to depression related to health deterioration and living in a nursing home (lost of family, home, and freedom). Symptoms of depression include physical complaints, lack of vigour, feelings of guilt, low sense of self-worth, and withdrawal from social environment. Lack of physical and cognitive activity can worsen the condition of elderly people. Elderly people in PSTW C only have self-care activity. Researcher develops Montessori-approach-based intervention (MABI) to encourage elderly people to be involved in activities so they can feel positive emotions and be helpless. A quasi-experimental study with before-and-after design to find whether MABI can lower depression scores of elderly people living in PSTW C. Research instruments are adapted Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (GDS-SF), adapted The Modified Mini Mental State (3MS) and Senior Apperception Technique (SAT). MABI are made based on a need of analysis (being valued, accompanied, and cared for) and consist of 8 sessions (2x1 week, @30 minutes/session). MABI was evaluated by observation, mood evaluation, interview, and examination of adapted GDS-SF (pre-post test). The number of participants of this study were 7 elderly women with depression or possible depression and disabilities (stroke, diabetes, leg fractures, chest thightness).There is a decrease in participants' depression scores. Average calculation of intervention evaluation was 80.8% (≥75%). MABI gives effect on decreasing depression scores (depressive symptoms reduced) on participants temporarily.


Abstract The Replication Associated Proteins (RAP-1 and RAP-2) encoded by CMV ORF 1a and ORF 2a are required for the different stages of the viral replication cycle; being multi-functional, they are good inhibitory targets for anti-CMV compounds. As a new perspective for sustainable crop improvement, we investigated the natural plant-based antimicrobial phytoalexins for their anti-CMV potential. Here, we modeled and predicted the functional domains of RAP-1 and RAP-2, docked with a ligand library comprising 128 phytoalexins reported with broad-spectrum activity, determined their binding energies (BEs), molecular interactions, and inhibition constant (Ki), and compared with the reference plant antiviral compounds ribavirin, ningnanmycin, and benzothiadiazole (BTH). Further, the change in Gibb's free energy of binding (ΔG) and the per residue contribution of the selected top-scored ligand molecules was assessed by the prime MM-GBSA approach. Our results revealed RAP-1 as a discontinuous two-domain and RAP-2 as a multi-domain protein. The compounds glyceollidin (9.8 kcal/mol) and moracin D (7.8 kcal/mol) topped the list for RAP-1 and RAP-2 protein targets respectively and also, the lead molecules had energetically more favorable and comparative ΔG values than the top-scored plant antiviral agent ningnanmycin. The evaluation of in vitro toxicity and agrochemical-like properties showed the least toxicity of these anti-CMV compounds. Taken together, our results provide new insights in understanding the inhibitory effects of phytoalexins towards the RAP proteins and could be employed as new promising anti-CMV candidate compounds for their application in agriculture as biopesticides to combat the CMV disease incidence. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma The CMV replication cycle and the proposed effect of viral replication inhibitors. Upon entry, CMV un-coats the coat protein (CP), co-localizes in the endoplasmic reticulum for its replication, mRNA synthesis, and translation. The viral RNA particles are assembled with the CP in the cytoplasm and released. The proposed anti-CMV strategy of phytoalexins as potential inhibitors for targeting the two viral enzymes RAP-1 and RAP-2 may likely inhibit the key steps 3, 4, 5, and 6 essential for the successful completion of the CMV life cycle and minimize the viral spread.


Bone marrow‐derived stem cells have been shown to engraft and populate native tissues during repair and in transplanted animal tissues. Very few studies have been performed in humans to evaluate the possibility of stem cell engraftment in transplanted tissues. In human renal transplants, recipient cells have been demonstrated within vascular and interstitial structures. In a previous study of patients with hepatic transplants, hepatocytes with XY chromosome patterns have been detected in sex‐mismatched female to male transplanted livers in a small number of cases. Because of the possibility of Y chromosome microchimerism of females with male offspring, we analyzed the presence of X and Y chromosomes in liver biopsies of 13 patients with sex‐mismatched liver transplants (8 female to male, 5 male to female) and long transplant to biopsy intervals (1.2 to 12 years; mean, 4.5 years). We were able to detect recipient‐specific sex chromosomal patterns in inflammatory cells by fluorescent in situ hybridization/immunohistochemistry combination within the liver parenchyma but not within hepatocytes. In conclusion, recipient engraftment of stem cells may be an early feature in liver transplant but may be an infrequent persistent feature in long‐term grafts.


A simple and relatively inexpensive method is described for measuring the rate and extent of the reaction of coal with hydrogen under conditions of commercial interest. A thin layer of pulverized coal is supported on an electrically heated metal screen strip capable of initial heating rates of 600–12 000°C/sec followed by extended time at final temperatures of 400–200°C. The device is enclosed in a vessel designed for hydrogen pressures up to 205 atm. Typical results are illustrated and shown to compare favorably with data from previous investigations.


Abstract Objective The present study adapted the recently developed adult Acculturation and Resilience Scale to be used with culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) adolescents. The factor structure and psychometric properties of the adapted scale were explored. The adapted scale was used to examine how CALD adolescents' acculturation and resilience is impacted by their demographics. Method The 27‐item Acculturation and Resilience Scale for adults was adapted to increase its appropriateness for CALD youth. Adolescents (N = 233) from a specialist CALD school completed a questionnaire with the help of interpreters. Results The exploratory factor analysis indicated a 19‐item scale, Acculturation and Resilience Scale for Adolescents (AARS‐A) with a three‐factor structure: Acculturation Host, Acculturation Heritage, and Resilience. The revised scale had sound internal consistency and convergent and divergent validity. Girls, compared to boys, emerged as more integrated in the new society. Further, those who reported higher English language proficiency and had a permanent visa status highlighted integration through a strong link with their own culture and the host society. Conclusion AARS‐A is a promising scale, which can be used with CALD adolescents to measure positive aspects of acculturation and resilience. Future directions and implications are discussed.


patients with locally advanced nasal, parana- sal and maxilla sinus cancer of stages Т 3 и Т 4 who were made ligation and catheterization of external carot- id artery with neo-adjuvant intraarterial polychemo- therapy. We worked out indications and contraindica- tions for performance of the method of continuous in- traarterial polychemotherapy with catheterization of the external carotid artery. There determined indica- tions and contraindications for external carotid liga- tion. After performance of external carotid ligation, in 105 (84%) patients, reduction of tumor sizes, pre- cancerous edema, evident pain syndrome due to loss of lesion site supply and arrest of acute and chronical bleeding were followed, that corresponds with obser- vations of other investigators. In 5 cases, when cathe- ter was introduced into the branch of external carot- id artery and then into facial artery the pain syndrome was more evident. Administration of catheter in exter- nal carotid artery has been more proved in these cas- es. The technique developed is a high effective meth- od promoting reduction of tumor sizes and pain syn- drome. Their usage result in reduction of intraopera- tive and postoperative blood loss, as well as it has di- agnostic significance: lymph dissection to verify the tumor lesion. Administration of chemicals via cathe- ter to the tumor site provides increase in their concen- tration in the tumor for more prolonged period that enhances the therapeutic effect.


We consider a general periodic system driven by a nonlinear, nonhomogeneous differential operator, with a maximal monotone term which is not defined everywhere. Using a topological approach based on Leray-Schauder alternative principle, we show the existence of a periodic solution.


An original wideband two-layer substrate integrated waveguide directional coupler is presented. The structure provides attractive features including a flexible design with a wideband coupling and independent control of the transmission phase for arbitrary coupling levels. Characteristics of 18 dB isolation and 90 phase shift between direct and coupled ports are experimentally validated over 16 bandwidth.