The present study is based on the supposition that by the use of the recently acquired accurate methods for estimating the non-protein nitrogen of the blood, it might be possible to determine with greater precision than formerly the effects of sweat baths on the blood in nephritis. The sweat bath, advocated first for the removal of fluid from individuals with diseased kidneys, has more recently been extensively employed for the purpose of increasing the elimination of such solids as are normally excreted by the kidneys. Certain early observations seemed to afford a basis for such a procedure. It was found that in some nephritics, after sweating, a deposit was present on the skin which on analysis proved to be rich in urea. It was soon shown, however, that this phenomenon occurs only in agonal states or in conditions of extreme collapse when the permeability of the capillaries is quite abnormal


The case of a defected TSV that has been cracked at the point where an impurity or a void hole originally had been is analyzed in this study. A lumped analytical electrical circuit that models the behavior of this defect is proposed. TSV fault modeling offers assistance in developing new test methods that would improve the reliability of the 3D ICs. The structure is simulated using a commercial 3D resistance, capacitance and inductance extraction tool. A test method that determines the possible characteristics of the defect is presented.


Health literacy is "the degree to which individuals can obtain, process, and understand the basic health information and services they need to make appropriate health decisions." It represents a constellation of skills necessary for people to function effectively in the health care environment and act appropriately on health care information. These skills include the ability to interpret documents, read and write prose (print literacy), use quantitative information (numeracy), and speak and listen effectively (oral literacy).


In the crystal structure of the title compound, C10H9ClN2O3S, there are intramolecular C—H⋯O and C—H⋯N and intermolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.


Purpose – This paper aims to highlight differences in women's experiences of advancement to partnership in accountancy firms in Germany and the UK and consider the ways in which such differences may be constituted by the institutional context in which they occurred. Design/methodology/approach – This research is based on 60 semi-structured interviews with women partners in Germany and the UK. Techniques adopted from grounded theory were applied. Research limitations/implications – This qualitative research is context-specific and given its cross-national, interdisciplinary nature is limited to the extent that findings cannot be generalised beyond the studied scope. Practical implications – The study points to cross-national differences in women's career advancement in accountancy firms. The findings support extant research suggesting that structured performance evaluation and hiring systems – while not without flaws – are likely more gender-neutral. In addition, the study highlights the potential of headh...


A class of elliptic equationdivG(x)u(x)=0.With measurable coefficients of divergence type is concerned. It is proven that the gradients of very weak solutions of such equation satisfies the weakly reverse Hlder's inequality by using the technique of Hodge decomposition,and then it is proven that almost every zero of very weak solution has infinite order provided that the integrable exponent is sufficiently close to 2.


TITLE: Strategic management components in the automotive industry ABSTRACT: These paper intends to make a discussion on some strategic management components (business strategies and some management focus: equipment and technologies, structure, competing advantages, products and processes) in the Portuguese automotive industry. The research method used was the survey. The study covers 72 companies at automotive components industry. Results suggest that the different conjugation of dimensions that define strategic management originate two contrasting models: the first includes companies with a strategy build upon innovation and quality while the other one includes companies with a strategy build upon low cost. We conclude that the companies when possessing different business strategies, also possess different forms to praise these same strategies, which sup- port and are supported by some different management focus, in a process of (backward) mutual feeding.


The telling program Archive of Beijing TV uses the multi-media ways of editing to tell stories while absorbing excellent genes in both new and old media,interpreting stories with manuscripts,pictures,films and three-dimensional maps based on a large amount of files made known to the public.The editing of the program takes advantage of media and reflects 'intermediationality' in redactology.


We give a simple proof of Tian's theorem that the Kodaira embeddings associated to a positive line bundle over a compact complex manifold are asymptotically isometric. The proof is based on the diagonal asymptotics of the Szego kernel (i.e. the orthogonal projection onto holomorphic sections). In deriving these asymptotics we use the Boutet de Monvel-Sjostrand parametrix for the Szego kernel.


The concept of project management of green engineering was described,the meaning of realizing green engineering project management was studied and new path to implement green engineering project management effectively was explored,therefore made China engineering project service economic construction better by modern green management and realized coordinate development between human and nature.


Examined the pattern of verbal subscale scores on the WAIS and WISC-R given to college students and elementary students who were being considered for a gifted and talented program, respectively, in Idaho and found a substantial number of students whose scores were highly discrepant from expected patterns. For 51 of 129 college students, the scores on the Comprehension subscale differed significantly (p <.05) from both the Information (I) and Vocabulary (V) subscale scores. When this group of students was compared to the rest of those tested, C scores were significantly higher (p <.01), V scores were significantly lower (p <.05), and I scores tended to be lower. The WISC-R scores for the two samples of the elementary students (Ns = 164, 219) suggested that the triangle pattern (C significantly higher than both V and I) begins to appear at the fourth-grade level. These results are puzzling because Comprehension scores significantly higher than those on Information and Vocabulary usually are expected from persons with good native intellectual endowment, but limited educational and cultural opportunities. Data from other parts of the country are needed.


Salinity intrusion caused by land subsidence resulting from increasing groundwater abstraction, decreasing river sediment loads and increasing sea level because of climate change has caused widespread soil salinization in coastal ecosystems. Soil salinization may greatly alter nitrogen (N) cycling in coastal ecosystems. However, a comprehensive understanding of the effects of soil salinization on ecosystem N pools, cycling processes and fluxes is not available for coastal ecosystems. Therefore, we compiled data from 551 observations from 21 peer‐reviewed papers and conducted a meta‐analysis of experimental soil salinization effects on 19 variables related to N pools, cycling processes and fluxes in coastal ecosystems. Our results showed that the effects of soil salinization varied across different ecosystem types and salinity levels. Soil salinization increased plant N content (18%), soil NH4+ (12%) and soil total N (210%), although it decreased soil NO3− (2%) and soil microbial biomass N (74%). Increasing soil salinity stimulated soil N2O fluxes as well as hydrological NH4+ and NO2− fluxes more than threefold, although it decreased the hydrological dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) flux (59%). Soil salinization also increased the net N mineralization by 70%, although salinization effects were not observed on the net nitrification, denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium in this meta‐analysis. Overall, this meta‐analysis improves our understanding of the responses of ecosystem N cycling to soil salinization, identifies knowledge gaps and highlights the urgent need for studies on the effects of soil salinization on coastal agro‐ecosystem and microbial N immobilization. Additional increases in knowledge are critical for designing sustainable adaptation measures to the predicted intrusion of salinity intrusion so that the productivity of coastal agro‐ecosystems can be maintained or improved and the N losses and pollution of the natural environment can be minimized.


It is known that wave period can be estimated from altimeter measurements of wave height, wind speed, radar backscatter cross section, etc., using empirical relationship. Of late, the data adaptive approach of neural networks has been used to derive wave period from altimeter data, and it has been shown that the technique appears to be superior compared to the empirical approaches. Another powerful data adaptive approach of genetic algorithm has been advocated more recently in oceanographic studies. Although primarily used for forecasting time series, the algorithm can be tuned to find a relationship between input and output variables. In the present work, this algorithm has been used to find estimates of wave period from altimeter-observed parameters, and the performance of the algorithm has been found to be quite satisfactory. It has been also found that the introduction of wave age leads to significant enhancement of the accuracy of the estimate.


The association of anemia with pregnancy is well recognized. In this country the anemia is commonly due to iron deficiencies and is hypochromic. In the tropics a macrocytic, hyperchromic anemia of pregnancy has attracted attention and has been the subject of many recent investigations. Its counterpart in the temperate climates, the macrocytic or so-called pernicious anemia of pregnancy, has been considered a relatively rare dyscrasia.', The macrocytic anemia of pregnancy was first recognized over a century ago when Channing2 reported ten fatal cases. In 1919 Osler7 differentiated the so-called pernicious anemia of pregnancy from typical Addisonian anemia by pointing out that when recovery from the former disease took place it was permanent and the woman might escape it in subsequent pregnancies. In macrocytic anemia of pregnancy the peripheral blood picture may vgry from one identical with that of true pernicous anemia to one lacking all characteristic features of this anemia.1 13 On the other hand, examination of the bone marrow reveals pictures identical with those found in true Addisonian pernicious anemia and clearly indicates that macrocytic anemia of pregnancy has for its immediate cause arrested maturation of the megaloblasts. The two features which may be relied upon for the certain diagnosis of macrocytic anemia of pregnancy are the appearance of megaloblasts in the peripheral blood and the finding of a megaloblastic change in the bone marrow.1 If the peripheral blood picture is not diagnostic, bone marrow biopsy by means of sternal puncture is necessary or some cases will be missed. The following features serve to differentiate the macrocytic anemia of pregnancy from the true Addisonian pernicious anemia: the presence of free hydrochloric acid in gastric juice either without or after histamine injection, a lower frequency and the degree of macrocytosis and


We investigate the possibility of dividing quantum channels into concatenations of other channels, thereby studying the semigroup structure of the set of completely-positive trace-preserving maps. We show the existence of 'indivisible' channels which can not be written as non-trivial products of other channels and study the set of 'infinitesimal divisible' channels which are elements of continuous completely positive evolutions. For qubit channels we obtain a complete characterization of the sets of indivisible and infinitesimal divisible channels. Moreover, we identify those channels which are solutions of time-dependent master equations for both positive and completely positive evolutions. For arbitrary finite dimension we prove a representation theorem for elements of continuous completely positive evolutions based on new results on determinants of quantum channels and Markovian approximations.


The lidar sounding in the cloudy atmosphere needs accounting the multiple scattering. The standard approach for the retrieval of optical parameters and morphology of aerosol particles might be not sufficient. Here the theoretical analyti cal and numerical methods for calculation of multiple scattering contributions in the backscattered lidar signal are used. The optical thickness of clouds that provokes a distinct multiply scattered light is determined. The possible correction as subtraction of the multiple scattered part from registered signal is proposed for clouds optically thicker than 4. The routine processing is possible for corrected the lidar signal if cloud optically thicker than 4 or without correction if cloud is opt ically thinner than 4. Considered observational data obtained in St. Petersburg lidar station appeared thin enough for application the standard procedure without correction. Optical parameters in and out of cloud are obtained.


Since the passage of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, which prohibited discrimination on the basis of sex against students and any employee of a school receiving federal financial assistance, school districts have become increasingly aware of the need for gender equity in K-12 classrooms. Though Title IX did not directly address instructional materials, some states, like Washington, have since adopted laws which require elimination of sex bias in classroom textbooks (WAC 392-190-055 of the Washington State Equal Education Opportunity Statues). A major problem is that school districts do not have the financial resources to order special texts from publishing corporations; they simply have to choose what appears to be the most gender equitable text in print. Sadly, what typically is purchased for instructional materials are filled with numerous examples of covert bias and symbolic, or stereotypical, representations of males and females. When children read and sing from these materials social values and attitudes are transmitted. Boys and girls can quickly learn to believe misrepresentations of what it means to be masculine and feminine in American society (Sadker and Sadker 1982, 1994).


Charge-coupled-device shift registers are used to construct filters matched to both a 13-chip Barker-coded p-n sequence and a chirp signal with a time-bandwidth product of 10. The letter describes the design and fabrication of the devices, and presents preliminary operational characteristics of the filters. A 5 MHz chip rate for the Barker code filter is demonstrated


Through the research and analysis of the equity of medical and health resources in Shanghai, this paper provides policy basis for optimizing the distribution of medical resources. By analyzing the resources and general information of the districts in Shanghai in 2020, this paper draws the Lorentz curve, calculates the Gini coefficient, and clusters the districts. The population distribution of medical and health resources in Shanghai is relatively average, but the distribution among regions is extremely uneven. The equity of the distribution of medical workers is also relatively insufficient. The government should improve macro-control, and increase financial investment in regions with weak economic development to promote the rational flow of medical workers between regions.


A German who has called Europe, Central America, and North America home at various times in his life, Geiko Muller-Fahrenholz has the perspective of an outsider who yet loves the United States, making him uniquely qualified to present a portrait of how American society is perceived throughout the world and how the current religious factor in politics can look like a pious cloak thrown over secular selflshness. He does so without reservation, exploring super-patriotism, the "lost opportunity" of 9/11, and the dangerous clash of fundamentalisms. "America's Battle for God" is a challenging read. Muller-Fahrenholz gently yet boldly confronts America with its image in the eyes of the world - and with the urgent need to reinvent itself before it's too late.


This article focuses upon the introduction of Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) as a replacement for the main income replacement benefit, Incapacity Benefit (IB), for sick and/or disabled people in Britain. The article argues that the process of claiming ESA, a process that is dependent upon medicalised perceptions of capability to work and which is aimed at managing the perceived economic and social costs of sick and impaired people, is a means of sorting sick and/or disabled people into subgroups of claimants. The article goes on to discuss the implications of this observation with regard to explanations of the disadvantages that sick and/or disabled people face and their implications for the income of such people. The article concludes that because the shift from IB to ESA is premised upon a number of mistaken assumptions, it represents a retrograde development for people who are sick and/or who have impairments.


A keypad including a sliding key and a sliding type mobile terminal including the same are provided to improve the option property and operation capability of a key input unit and slide a second main body from a first main body automatically. An upper surface portion comprises a plurality of first plates making the upper side. First plates of both sides have the first holder of downward upon one side. The first plate positioned between both ends has a first holder of downward upon the either side. A lower side includes a plurality of second plates(125) forming lower side. The lower side includes a second holder of an upstream combining with the first holder.


Intrauterine contraceptive devices were examined after removal from the uterus. The surfaces of the devices were roughened by a deposit consisting of mucopolysaccharide and calcium salts. The degree of roughness had no relationship to the menorrhagia of which some patients complained.


Objective To identify,analyze and assess occupational risk factors possibly existed in the construction project.Methods The assessment was proceeded by using combination of checklist and analogy.Results The construction site,overall layout,protective measures of occupational diseases,hygiene auxiliary rooms,personal protective equipments,the management system on industrial hygiene and emergency rescue measures accorded with the hygiene requirements The concentrations or intensities of all risk factors accorded with national standards.STELs for petroleum hydrocarbon,hydrogen sulfide,benzene,luene,xylene,NO,NO2 and Mn were 0-450,0.53,0-1.49,0-0.34,0.1,0.009,0.07-0.15 mg/m3,respectively.The values of noise and power frequency field were below the allowable values of national standards.Conclusion The project is a common occupational hazard project,the occupational risk factors are able to be controlled and prevented during operation,this project is feasible


A robotic device includes a drive pod (100, 200, 300, 402) defined between multiple wheels (210, 404) coupled to an axle of the drive pod. The robotic device further includes a single mounting shaft coupled to the drive pod and configured to couple the drive pod with a body of the robotic device. The robotic device also includes multiple first motors (102, 106) defined within the drive pod and configured to control multiple first drive gears coupled to a drive shaft gear of the drive pod. The robotic device still further includes a second motor (104) defined within the drive pod and configured to control a second drive gear coupled to a carousel gear of the drive pod.


According to a recent study, Ganoderma may be the third genus, after Alternaria and Cladosporium , whose spores cause symptoms of allergy and whose levels are directly related to meteorological factors. There are only few articles from different parts of the world about the relationships between Ganoderma spore count and meteorological factors. The aim of the study was to review all available publications about airborne Ganoderma spores and to compare the results in a short useful form.


INTRODUCTION: In this study, it was aimed to measure TLQP-21 neuropeptide plasma levels, which is thought to be effective in preventing or treating obesity in morbidly obese and normal weight healthy individuals, and to make a comparison between both groups. METHODS: Fifty-one morbidly obese patients with a body mass index (BMI) of 40 kg/m2 and above and 22 healthy individuals of normal weight with a BMI between 18.5-24.9 kg/m2 without any metabolic disease were included in the study. Enzyme- linked immunosorbent analysis (ELISA) test was performed on plasma samples taken from all individuals participating in the study. All data were evaluated statistically. RESULTS: Although it was observed that TLQP-21 peptide values in morbidly obese individuals increased compared to healthy individuals with normal weight, this increase was not statistically significant (p>0.05) (p=0.718). The amount of TLQP-21 peptide was also evaluated according to gender distributions in the whole study group, but any statistically significant difference was not determined. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Our study showed that there is no difference in plasma levels of TLQP-21 neuropeptide, which is thought to play a key role in the treatment of obesity, in mordidly obese and healthy individuals.


A concurrent system can be naturally specified as a rewrite theory. The Maude LTL logical bounded model checker (LBMC) tool is an LTL model checker for a rewrite theory, which can verify infinitestate systems using narrowing and folding relations, where the system's initial states are represented by terms with logical variables. This tutorial describes the main features and commands of the Maude LTL LBMC tool, illustrated by several examples.


The measurement of chromatic dispersion in single-mode fibres using a 1300 nm edge-emitting LED, a 1550 nm laser diode, and the phase shift method are described. The approach is insensitive to fibre temperature change throughout the measurement, and may enable dispersion in single-mode fibre optimised for 1300 nm operation to be characterised in the 1550 nm region, as well as in the 1300 nm region. The influence of the edge-emitting LED on the measurement is also considered, in that error can arise through selecting narrow wavelength regions of its output, and matching its wavelength coverage to the fibre zero dispersion region is important for long length characterisation. Measurements on installed SM fibres are discussed.


Childhood overweight may be one of the most significant health issues facing American children today. In the 1963 to 1970 period, 4 percent of children between the ages of 6 and 11 were defined as overweight; that level had more than tripled by 1999, reaching 13 percent. The rise in women working outside the home coincides with the rise in childhood weight problems. From 1970 to 1999, the fraction of married women with children under 6 who participate in the labor force doubled, rising from 30 to 62 percent, while those with children ages 6 to 17 rose dramatically from 49 to 77 percent. However, time series evidence is not sufficient to imply that these trends are related. This study explores whether the rise observed in both maternal employment and childhood overweight represents a causal relationship between these two phenomena.


on the treatment of the Latin (object) noun clause? This study helps to clarify the views of a few grammarians on ellipsis as well as on movement and attraction and to state the problem of the relation between ellipsis and gloss.


Abstract. Jazan city is a fast-growing coastal city in the southern part of Saudi Arabia, Red Sea. Recently, it has encountered quick industrial development activities. To monitor these activities, the changes in coastal zone morphology explore over the last 30 years (1987–2017) using GIS and remote sensing techniques. Four satellite images (TM and ETM) acquired during these intervals were performed. Furthermore, a development and growth of the city were created based on direct digitizing from Google Earth Pro to identify the extension and expansion of the area of study during this period. The magnitudes of erosion, deposition, and landfilling at differential scales through the period of study were determined using photo-interpretation on the changes of surface area and the extension of the city landward. The results illustrated remarkable changes and shifting of shoreline seaward along the coast and extending of dwelling zone in the city. Erosion and accretion take place mostly in the earlier interval (1987–2000) in some parts of the coast followed by landfilling occurring in the northern and middle parts of the coastal area in the interval (2000–2013). However, the magnitudes were different from interval to interval. The relative changes were 14.33, 58.56, and 27.11 % at the periods from 1987–2000, 2000–2013, and 2013–2017, respectively. However, dwelling zone extended dramatically from 23.31 km2 in 1987, to 25.32 km2 in 2000, 63.37 km2 in 2013, and to reach 67.90 km2 in 2017. These changes probably attributed to human activities in the coastal area due to construct a new economic city in the northern part during the period between 2003 and 2013 along with different socio-economic activities. The tidal flat in front of the city is shrunk due to this landfilling. This landfilling has been destructed a wide range of mangrove ecozones and possibly impacted the biotics in the area.


Although elbow dislocation occurs frequently, associated brachial artery injury is rare. Adequate treatment of this injury includes prompt arteriography, reduction of the dislocation, vascular repair, and transarticular fixation of the reduction. A case report and review of the literature are presented.


With this study, we're trying to acknowledge the students perceptions, of 155 senior college students in the Nursing Course, about the development of help re...


Objective:To observe the clinical effect to simple obesity by jointly using catgut implantation at acupoint and electro-acupuncture.Methods:Sixty patients with simple obesity were randomly allocated to the treatment group(catgut implantation at acupoint plus electro-acupuncture) and the control group(electro-acupuncture) to observe the clinical effect before and after treatment.Results:Both two groups showed some improvements to the role of obesity in patients with body.Compared with pretreatment,in the treatment group the BMI index had obviously decreased and had the significant difference(P0.05).Conclusion:Catgut implantation at acupoint plus electro-acupuncture is a good method to treat simple obesity,which is deserved widely clinical application in the future.


This paper proposes a novel hardware-based multidimensional sorting algorithm and its respective architecture, called real-time hardware sorter (RTHS), for emerging data intensive processing applications where performance and resource conservation are serious concerns. The basic idea behind RTHS is to reduce the hardware complexity of parallel hardware sorting architectures (PHSAs) through a high-performance scalable matrix-based sorting method. The proposed method can also be used for implementing Min/Max queues or finding the largest/smallest records exclusively in the big data application. Implementing the RTHS design on a Virtex-7 field-programmable gate array (FPGA) reveals that the number of lookup tables (LUTs) of the proposed method has decreased by 66.3% and 87.3% compared to the conventional Bitonic sorting network (CBSN) and the state-of-the-art PHSA, respectively. In addition, the number of required registers for the proposed method has decreased by 94.8% compared to the state-of-the-art PHSA.


Abstract Glass coating is a specific transformation aiming at improving glass performance. The work presented here deals with the determination of the optimal configuration of the production lines used to perform this operation. The resulting optimization problem can be formulated as a mixed linear integer Programm. Several enhancements of this initial formulation are then introduced. The computational study carried out shows that, with the enhanced formulation, good solutions can be obtained within reasonable computation times using a commercial solver.


A variety of three-dimensional path planning methods are divided into four categories according to their mod-eling principles.The working principles of those methods are introduced,and the advantages and disadvantages are pointed out in various applications.All of them are compared from the viewpoints whether they can be used in real-time and dy-namic environment,whether they can achieve smooth path and global planning,and whether they can add different dynamic constraints conveniently.Conclusions are drawn from the comparison that the method based on virtual potential field and navigation function is superior to others for its real-time performance and will be a priority in local planners.The method based on mathematic optimization is capable of dealing with a variety of dynamic constraints.In contrast to mathematic op-timization,the bio-inspired one is limited in solutions of long calling cycle for its large planning period although it is efficient to describe intractable constraints.


XML has emerged as a dominant standard for information exchange on the Internet. However, a large fraction of data continues to be stored in relational databases. At a high level, there are two approaches to supporting triggers over XML views. The first is to materialize the entire view and store it in an XML database with support for XML triggers. However, this approach suffers from the overhead of replicating and incrementally maintaining the materialized XML on every relational update affecting the view, even though users may only be interested in relatively rare events. In this paper, we propose the alternative approach of translating XML triggers into SQL triggers. There are some challenges involved in this approach, however, because triggers can be specified over complex XML views with nested predicates, while SQL triggers can only be specified over flat tables. Consequently, even identifying the parts of an XML view that could have changed due to a (possibly deeply nested) SQL update is a non-trivial task, as is the problem of computing the old and new values of an updated fragment of the view. We address the above challenges and propose a system architecture and an algorithm for supporting triggers over XML views of relational data. We implement and evaluate our system; the performance results indicate our techniques are a feasible approach to supporting triggers over XML views of relational data.


Group sex events (GSEs) among heterosexuals and other groups may facilitate STI transmission by contributing to rapid partner exchange and links to high-risk partners.1 ,2 Using baseline (in-prison) data from DISRUPT (Disruption of Intimate Stable Relationships Unique to the Prison Term) (n=142), a cohort study conducted among African-American men incarcerated in North Carolina, USA, who were in committed heterosexual relationships at prison entry, we measured preincarceration GSE participation and other …


Our study aimed to assess the change in the sleep patterns during the Coronavirus lockdown in five regions (Austria/Germany, Ukraine, Greece, Cuba and Brazil), using online surveys, translated in each language. Part of the cohort was collected directly during lockdown, to which retrospective cross-sectional data from and after lockdown (retrospective) questionnaires ware added. We investigated sleep times and sleep quality changes from before to during lockdown and found that, during lockdown, participants had (i) worse perceived sleep quality for those who reported to be worried by COVID-19, (ii) a shift of bedtimes to later hours during workdays, and (iii) a sleep loss on free days (resulting from more overall sleep during workdays), leading to (iv) a marked reduction of social jetlag across all cultures.For further analyses we then split the participants by job (system relevant or not) because it was assumed that the nature of the lockdown's consequences is dependent upon system relevance. System relevant jobs were found to have earlier wake-up times as well as shorter total sleep times on workdays, leading to a higher social jetlag for people in system relevant jobs.Cultural differences revealed a general effect that participants from Greece and Ukraine had later bedtimes (on both work and free days) and wake-up times (on workdays) than Cuba, Brazil and Austria, irrespective of COVID-19 lockdown restrictions.


The problem of electromotor reaction to oscillation value and length (change amplitude) of voltage is considered. There are results of calculating experiments and laboratory tests based on statistic data which showed time lag of motors as the quality index change of electric power.


The form factor of partially sulfonated polystyrene PSSNa (degree of sulfonation f =1, 0.72, 0.64 and 0.36), at polymer concentration 0.17M and 0.34M, without or with added salt (0 M, 0.34M, & 0.68M), is measured by Small Angle Neutron Scattering using the Zero Average Contrast method. The total scattering function is also measured, allowing extracting the distinct interchain function and an apparent structure factor. The main result is the behavior of the form factor which shows contributions of spherical entities as well as extended chain parts. This is striking for 0.64, while for f = 0.36 the sphere contribution is more dominant. The conformation does not depend on polymer concentration. When salt is added, the sphere sizes do not vary, but the contribution attributed to the stretched parts does vary very much like for fully sulfonated PSSNa. Discussion of the interchain contribution establishes that chains are interpenetrated for f= 0.64, and at the overlap limit for f=0.36. The pearl necklace model appears very suitable. Comparisons are made with analytical calculation and simulation data. While the roles of Rayleigh transition, heterogeneous architecture, and strong hydrophobicity of non sulfonated PS monomers remain to discuss, data give an accurate 3 d image of the pearl necklace.


With the advancement in digitalization, the security of data/file has become a major point of concern. With this digitalization the Encoding and decoding of information have recently been widely developed and investigated, because there is a demand for an inviolable encoding and decoding algorithm which is hard to crack. To fulfill all the demands Cryptography plays major roles. Nowadays, many researchers have proposed many encryption and decryption algorithms such as HMAC, DES, RSA, TWOFISH, BLOWFISH, AES, IDEA and others. But most of the proposed algo's/systems have encountered some problems such as lack of noun muscular and a large amount of time applied to the packet delay to preserve the protection between the terminals on the communication channel. The comparison has been made and the final analysis results are briefed in the result.


Abstract : This reprint presents a nonperturbative theory of second-harmonic generation in reflection from a metallic grating. p-polarized light of frequency omega is assumed to be incident on the grating surface from the vacuum side, with the plane of incidence perpendicular to the grooves of the grating. The authors employ the method of reduced Rayleigh equations to solve Maxwell's equations in the presence of a non-linear polarization and calculate diffracted field at the frequency 2 omega. In the vicinity of the frequency where the incident photon couples to surface polaritons on the grating they obtain an enhancement of the second-harmonic intensity by a factor of about 10,000 over its value for a flat surface. The effect of the surface current density in the nonlinear polarization on the enhancement is analyzed. Numerical results are presented for a grating of silver. Additional keywords: Computations; Wave equations; Magnetic fields; and Amplitude.


In this article, we report on an energy-harvesting device using a hybrid flexible polymer nanocomposite as a tribo–piezo layer for energy generation. Piezoelectric nano zinc oxide (ZnO) and exfolia...


The problems of guaranteed mean square estimation of unknown rectangular matrices based on observations of linear functions from random matrices with random errors are considered in the paper. Asymptotic distributions of guaranteed errors and guaranteed estimates are obtained in the case of small perturbations of the matrices. A test example of the asymptotic distribution is given.


To help investigate the relationship between inflammatory and other symptoms of coronavirus and the protein-protein interactions (PPI) that occur between viral proteins and protein molecules of the...


Some video vehicle detection algorithms are proposed and their advantages and drawbacks are discussed. The quality of the proposed algorithms is analyzed on traffic flow test video samples. The achieved average false positives per frame are close to zero. The true positive detection rate is about 70%.


In this paper, a stable fuzzy direct control scheme is presented for a class of interconnected nonlinear systems with unknown nonlinear subsystems and unknown nonlinear interconnections. In this control algorithm, fuzzy logic systems are employed to approximate the optimal controllers, which are designed on the assumption that all dynamics for each subsystem are known; then the fuzzy controllers and adaptation mechanisms for each subsystem depend only on local measurements to provide asymptotic tracking of a reference trajectory. In addition, a fuzzy sliding mode controller is developed to compensate for the fuzzy approximating errors and attenuate the interactions between subsystems. Global asymptotic stability is established in the Lyapunov sense, with the tracking errors converging to a neighborhood of zero. A simulation example is given to illustrate the performance of the proposed method.


Theme specifies and changes the framework for interpretation of the following clause or clauses and signals the boundaries of sections in the text. The paper, based on Halliday's theories on the theme structures, devotes great attention to passage reading from 2014 to 2019 CET-4 with the main purpose of studying the application characteristics of thematic structures in the passage reading, thereby, helping readers grasp the language layouts of passages and promoting reading efficiency. The analysis indicates that the simple themes, thematic equatives, interpersonal themes, thematised comment and existential there are adopted in clauses of the abstracted passages, among which pronouns and conjunctions are commonly distributed in examination-oriented passages.


Nightsat is a concept for a satellite sensor capable of mapping of the location, extent, and brightness of nighttime lights at a spatial resolution suitable for the delineation of primary features within human settlements worldwide. Based on requirements from several fields of scientific inquiry, Nightsat should be capable of producing a complete cloud-free global map of lights on an annual basis from a near-synchronous orbit in the early evening with 50-to 100-m spatial resolution and have detection limits of 2.5E-8 Watts/cm2/sr/um or better. Although panchromatic low-light imaging data would be useful, multispectral low-light imaging data would provide valuable information on the type or character of lighting; potentially stronger predictors of variables such as ambient population density and economic activity.


We present a variational Monte Carlo (VMC) study of spontaneous Fermi surface symmetry breaking in the t-J model. We find that the variational energy of a Gutzwiller projected Fermi sea is lowered by allowing for a finite asymmetry between the x- and the y-directions. However, the best variational state remains a pure superconducting state with d-wave symmetry, as long as the underlying lattice is isotropic. Our VMC results are in good overall agreement with slave boson mean field theory (SBMFT) and renormalized mean field theory (RMFT), although apparent discrepancies do show up in the half-filled limit, revealing some limitations of mean field theories. VMC and complementary RMFT calculations also confirm the SBMFT predictions that many-body interactions can enhance any anisotropy in the underlying crystal lattice. Thus, our results may be of consequence for the description of strongly correlated superconductors with an anisotropic lattice structure.


Designing robust, low power, and delay ternary magnetic content addressable memory (TMCAM) using spintronic-based devices like magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) is a challenge. Process variations in MTJ and transistor degrade the performance of ternary content-addressable memory (TCAM) as the number of bits increases. To bring TCAM using MTJ (TMCAM) to practical use for wide arrays (>2048 bits), its cell has to be designed with large tolerance to all types of variations. Reducing the power consumption associated with searching without the increase in delay is also essential for the designing of TMCAMs. The proposed TMCAM cell has guaranteed read-disturbance immunity, low delay, and comparable power as compared with the reported MTJ-based magnetic-content-addressable memory (MCAM). Monte Carlo simulation was performed for proving the robustness of the proposed TMCAM by considering both variations in MTJ and transistor parameters. A Verilog-A model of the MTJ along with 45-nm CMOS technology is used for the simulation. A delay reduction of 1.23 times with power decrement of 1.23 times is obtained compared with previously reported MCAM for TMR = 3. This leads to a power-delay product improvement of 1.5 times for 2048-bit TMCAM.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the talent acquisition practices adopted by startups and understand how small entrepreneurs leverage social capital to address the talent acquisition challenges faced by them, and; identify some of the unique parameters adopted by startups in talent acquisition.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses a multiple case study method to explore the talent acquisition practices in startups in India. The study included six case studies on startups in Hubli city of North Karnataka in India.

Findings
This paper finds that startups (especially in smaller cities) face challenges such as lower quality of talent pool, absence of a brand name, inability to provide competitive salary and other benefits as per industry standards and locational disadvantages in talent acquisition. Thus, entrepreneurs leverage their social capital for talent acquisition by handpicking talent on the basis of familiarity or credible networks and recommendations. Incubation centres provide institutionalized sources of social capital to help them attract good talent. This study finds that employee-culture fit and trust play important role in acquiring talent in startups.

Practical implications
The study has implications for startup entrepreneurs, recruitment service providers, incubation centres, trainers, policymakers, etc. The study provides useful insights to the startups with regard to their recruitment practices.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the literature in the domains of talent acquisition, startups and social capital by describing hiring challenges faced by startups and exploring the mechanisms used by them in overcoming such challenges.


We consider portfolio credit risk modeling with a focus on two approaches, the factor model, and the copula model. While other models have received greater scrutiny, both factor and cupola models have received little attention although these are appropriate for rating-based portfolio risk analysis. We review the two models with emphasis on the joint default probability. The copula function describes the dependence structure of a multivariate random variable. In this paper, it is used as a practical to simulation of generate portfolio with different copula, we only use Gaussian and t-copula case. And we generate portfolio default distributions and study the sensitivity of commonly used risk measures with respect to the approach in modeling the dependence structure of the portfolio.


Atomtronics [1] involves the storage, manipulation and flow of cold neutral atoms in a way that has an analogy with the storage, manipulation and flow of electrons in electronic circuits. Indeed, a possible future direction of Quantum Electronics is the development of Atomtronics. Atomtronic systems have often involved ring traps, or other loops (circuits for cold atoms), lattices and multi-well systems. As a result, potential applications include Sagnac interferometry, which is of interest in the context of Quantum Technology and making a new generation of gyroscopes. Several approaches to Atomtronics will be described before focusing specifically on the dressed adiabatic potential approach [2, 3] to manipulate atoms in loops and other topologies.


Maize is the third most prominent crop grown next to wheat and rice globally while extensively affected by stresses; critically abiotic factors like drought and soil acidity are the robust effect. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is an imperative trait in maize to enhance yield with marginal contribution of nitrogen fertilizer. In this review, it has been tried to extant the current progress and the coming projections enlightening the NUE in maize by various mechanisms, especially through conventional breeding and molecular genetics. Of any kind, N fertilizer is amplified the understanding of the appliances prevailing maize N economy is indispensible for refining NUE and plummeting extreme use of fertilizer, whereas retaining an adequate yield and satisfactory income for agrarians. Consuming crops cultivated under managed environments, with various cultivation practices, independently or supplementary principles at minimum and great N inorganic mineral fertilizer expenditure or other organic fertilizer, it is currently conceivable to grow advance the entire maize agronomic and biological revisions. These can be shared with inheritable factor, protein and metabolic sketching to construct a widespread image showing the diverse paces of N acceptance, absorption and recovering to produce either in vegetative biomass or seed protein storage structures. Therefore providing a serious impression in what manner our empathetic of the agro-eco physiological, biological and molecular mechanisms of N adjustment in maize, at different ecological circumstances, has been enhanced. At the movement enduring sustainability is required at maize growing world to limit the application of synthetic N input and avoiding excessive environmental pollution. The knowledge and prospects of the future development and submission for breeding in maize improved at the deprived mineral fertilizer input


The crystal structure of trichlorotin–pentacarbonylmanganese, Cl3Sn–Mn(CO)5, has been determined by means of X-ray diffraction. The crystal is monoclinic; a=14.10(1), b=13.38(5), c=13.27(2) A, and β=97.39(21)° with the P21/c space group and with Z=8. The structure, established by the heavy-atom method, has been refined by a least-squares method based on 2581 reflections collected by diffractometry to give an R value of 10%. The asymmetric unit contains two quite similar molecules. The geometry around the tin atom is distorted tetra-hedrally, while the manganese atom exhibits a distorted octahedral coordination. The four equatorial carbonyl groups are displaced from the equatorial plane toward the tin atom. There is an approximate mirror plane through the Sn–Mn–CO(axial) axis. The Sn–Mn bond distance, 2.590(5) A, is shorter by about 0.08 A than that of the triphenyl and trimethyl analogues. The mean Mn–C distance of 1.87 A is longer than that of the trimethyl analogue. These changes in bond distances may b...


This study describes a detailed procedure for design of marine screw propeller in combination with a retrofit stator device, also known as fixed guide vane or pre/post swirl device, based on lifting line theory. The design procedure involves more realistic representation of the propeller slipstream which is contracted form of helical vortices. The slipstream shape is allowed to deform and to align with the direction of local velocity which is the sum of the inflow wake velocity and induced velocity. As the slipstream deformation is the key parameter in the design of reaction type of performance improvement devices, the design methodology is applied to a stator device behind the propeller as a retrofit. The hydrodynamic performance of the combined propulsor is analysed in terms of effect of variation of the axial distance between the propeller and stator and the number of stator blades. Design studies for a torpedo unit, a SWATH vessel and a conventional ship are carried out to demonstrate the effect of the slipstream contraction as well as the efficiency gain by the systematic variation of the main design parameters of the propulsor system. Furthermore a qualitative correlation of the procedure based on limited experimental data available in the literature is presented.


iredo, R. B. Sollero Centro de Pesquisas de Energia Eletrica – CEPEL L. A. C. D. CASTILLO, F. D. CAMPOS, N. F. COSTA Light Servicos de Eletricidade S.A. – LIGHT S.E.S.A. BRAZIL SUMMARY The paper proposes an automated analysis system, based on data generated by Digital Fault Recorders, capable of evaluating the protection system operation behavior against expected patterns, pinpointing possible malfunctions and indicating problems prone to rise in the future. The protection performance is evaluated focusing on the external behavior of the relays and the communication channels. This approach allows for dealing with equipment from different technologies with few changes in the evaluation software. The relay performance can also be checked against simplified models of the protection elements. Instead of developing intricate and complete models of commercial relays, which are dependent on manufacturer information, simplified models, based on classic protection theory, allows for simple but robust reasoning tasks, like comparing relay operation against an over-current directional or a line current differential algorithm. The basic idea is to use the output of these virtual relay elements as a possible warning to the protection engineer. The system was put in service at LIGHT S.E.S.A., a major distribution utility in Brazil. The authors believe that this evaluation system can be a relevant step in protection and fault analysis in LIGHT S.E.S.A. and similar companies, as it aggregates quite useful information to the automated fault pre-analysis. KEYWORDS Protection - Transmission Line - Expert System - Digital Faul Recording - Fault - WEB page


Comparison of the diversification of R&D in the mid-1970s with the mid-1980s co-operative R&D that is protected by the National Co-operative Research Act of 1984 (NCRA) shows that multi-industry research coalitions seem to substitute for multi-industry firms exploiting R&D spillovers. Diversification by individual firms and co-operation among them can both increase appropriability, but the co-operative R&D sacrifices competition that is present with diversification alone. The evidence suggests that diversification in the absence of the NCRA may have carried innovative investment toward the social optimum, while the effect of the law may well be to reduce investment and take us away from the social optimum.


A method of and device for controlling import of content into a domain comprising a number of devices. The method comprises checking for the presence of a domain watermark in the content, and if the domain watermark is found in the content, refusing import of the content into the domain, and if the domain watermark is not found in the content, allowing import of the content into the domain and causing the domain watermark to be embedded into the content. Optionally, re-importing into the "original" domain might be allowed. In this embodiment the method further comprises refusing import of the content into the domain if the domain watermark is found in the content unless the identifier matches an identifier for the domain. Other payloads in the domain watermark can be used to e.g. implement location- or time-based restrictions on import.


Recently, digital communication systems are widely used. To transmit such as binary data file, command and control sequences of channel, high reliability and high speed communication system is required. For this purpose, it is important to research codes with strong error correcting capability and efficient decoding algorithms. In this dissertation an efficient method to estimate the block error probability of trellis codes and a maximum likelihood decoding (MLD) algorithm with low computational complexity for linear block codes using characteristics of trellis diagrams of codes are proposed. To analyze the error correcting capability provided by trellis codes, an efficient method to evaluate the block error probability of trellis codes is proposed in Chapter 2. The notion of correct state on the most likely paths in Viterbi decoding on AWGN channels is introduced. The probability that a state is correct and the probability that the state following a correct state is also correct are evaluated by simulation. These probabilities do not depend on block length. Then, the block error probability for any given block length is estimated by simple calculation from the above mentioned probabilities. The proposed method is useful in flexibility of adapting the analysis for given block length. This method enables us to get precise estimation for various block length efficiently. This method is applied for some specific 8-PSK Ungerboeck codes with 24, 25 and 26 states. The results show that the values obtained by this method are very close to those by exhaustive simulation. It is concluded that our method is very effective. To simplify decoding of a code, a new trellis-based MLD algorithm for a linear block code using a sectionalized trellis diagram is proposed and its computational complexity is analyzed in Chapter 3. In general, a sectionalized minimal trellis diagram for a linear block code is loosely


The projection of the cubic lattice in IE3 to an intersecting plane IE2 serves as a paradigm for non-periodic translational order. The quasicrystal model proposed has stable atomic density supported on three parallelogram cells. The Fourier transform is reduced to integrals over the three cells. In case of a periodic projection, the model reduces to the periodic crystal model in the plane with a single cell.


The ability of the pesticide root zone model (PRZM) and the groundwater-loading effects of agricultural management systems (GLEAMS) model to predict movement of two herbicides in soil was evaluated using site-specific environmental data from sites in three states. Predictions of herbicide movement with site-specific data were compared to predictions using more generalized database soil and pesticide data within each model. Field experiments examined fluometuron and norflurazon movement in three soils representative of the cotton-growing regions of the southeastern United States. In comparing the use of site-specific vs. database values, the small increase in accuracy using site-specific inputs would not justify the large cost to obtain the data. The databases for each model gave predictions similar to those using the site-specific numbers. Both the PRZM and the GLEAMS model had similar accuracy levels in predicting the presence of fluometuron or norflurazon present in three surface soils, although each model tended to overpredict movement and total herbicide concentration, especially at lower herbicide concentrations. At higher herbicide concentrations, prediction accuracy was less than that probably needed to predict agronomically relevant herbicide concentrations in surface soils.


Intraperitoneal hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy is the prevention of abdominal malignant tumor,especially gastric cancer postoperative peritoneal recurrence and liver metastasis is one of the important measures.The comprehensive utilization of local chemotherapy,hyperthermia and chemotherapy on peritoneal fluid with large capacity mechanical lavage with action,pharmacokinetics and fluid dynamics advantages,can effectively remove free cancer cells and small tumor,prevention of postoperative peritoneal metastases and hepatic metastases.


The positron lifetime as a function of the Cd content x was measured for the as-prepared samples of (Pb1-xCdx)Sr-2(Y0.5Ca0.5)Cu2Oy. A constant long-lived Lifetime was observed for all samples. The intensity of the long-lived lifetimes has an obvious decrease starting at x = 0.3 and indicated the existence of an impurity phase in the sample with x = 0.3. The monotonous decrease of the bulk lifetime for the single-phase samples implies that Cd mainly substitutes for Pb. The changes of the microstructure with Cd content were discussed.


Method for adjusting the braking effect at the wheels of a motor vehicle with at least two wheels on a rear and a front axle, in which - a stability of a wheel representing wheel size is formed at least in dependence on the wheel slip, - the wheel size as the first comparison value (λij) with a threshold value as a second comparison value (SWiJ) is compared, and - depending on the braking effect is set by the comparison, and - a coefficient of friction representing the one wheel or several wheels of the rear axle Reibgrose (μ - depending on the Reibgrose (μ characterized, in that - a signal representing the steering angle of the vehicle wheel steering amount (LW) is detected, and - modifying at least one of the comparison variables (λij, SWiJ) at least one wheel of the front axle is also dependent on the steering amount.


East Asia is a highly industrialized region with high CO2 emissions from fossil fuel use. Therefore, to achieve the goal of the Paris Agreement on CO2 reduction, an increase in the production of renewable energy such as photovoltaic (PV) and wind power generation is required in this region. Most renewable energy production is directly affected by weather and climate. This study projected changes in future PV power generation and climate variables affecting them using CORDEX phase 2 RCMs with 25km horizontal resolution forced by HadGEM2-AO GCM over East Asia. The present change and future projection of PV potential production (PVpot) depend critically on changes in surface-downwelling shortwave radiation (RSDS). In the analysis of recent changes in PVpot over East Asia using the ERA5 reanalysis data, PVpot overall increased slightly. For PVpot projections using the high-emission scenario during the late 21C, RegCM4 is expected to increase, while the other RCMs will decrease. The results of this study will help to develop policies for efficient future production of renewable energy over East Asia by presenting the projection of future photovoltaic power generation on a detailed regional scale.


Acyclicity constraints are prevalent in knowledge representation and applications where acyclic data structures such as DAGs and trees play a role. Recently, such constraints have been considered in the satisfiability modulo theories (SMT) framework, and in this paper we carry out an analogous extension to the answer set programming (ASP) paradigm. The resulting formalism, ASP modulo acyclicity, offers a rich set of primitives to express constraints related to recursive structures. In the technical results of the paper, we relate the new generalization with standard ASP by showing (i) how acyclicity extensions translate into normal rules, (ii) how weight constraint programs can be instrumented by acyclicity extensions to capture stability in analogy to unfounded set checking, and (iii) how the gap between supported and stable models is effectively closed in the presence of such an extension. Moreover, we present an efficient implementation of acyclicity constraints by incorporating a respective propagator into the state-of-the-art ASP solver CLASP. The implementation provides a unique combination of traditional unfounded set checking with acyclicity propagation. In the experimental part, we evaluate the interplay of these orthogonal checks by equipping logic programs with supplementary acyclicity constraints. The performance results show that native support for acyclicity constraints is a worthwhile addition, furnishing a complementary modeling construct in ASP itself as well as effective means for translation-based ASP solving. ∗This work extends a preliminary workshop paper [1] presented at ASPOCP'15. A short version [2] appeared at LPNMR'15. Corresponding author †Affiliated with Simon Fraser University, Canada, and IIIS Griffith University, Australia. 2 J. Bomanson, M. Gebser, T. Janhunen, B. Kaufmann, T. Schaub / Answer Set Programming modulo Acyclicity


Physical Education of the common colleges and universities is to accomplish "121 Project", which is the basic project of Plans and Essentials of National People's Body-Building. At present, it is of great urgency for us to reform outdated conventional model of physical educa-tion teaching. In order to fit in with the needs of the development of the society, to cultivate and in prove the ability of college students' self-ex-ercise. We must try our best to improve the teaching method now. At the same time, we can get much benefit from it in the future.


A procedure is described for the determination of protein-bound iodine of human serum with the X-ray spectrometer. The protein-bound iodine is extracted from serum at acid p H with alcohol-ether (3:1) solution. Evaporation of this extract results in the loss of the inorganic iodine. The residue is extracted with ammoniacal methanol, evaporated on filter paper, and exposed to the X-ray field. The Lα radiation is evaluated using the flow proportional counter. An instrument is described for evaporating the ammoniacal methanol in a confined area on the paper. The residue from the alcohol-ether extract may also be digested, with the liberated iodine distilled onto a small circle of filter paper (in a simple apparatus described) and the filter paper exposed to the X-ray field. The procedure requires 2 ml. of serum.

Levels obtained by this method are somewhat lower than those obtained by an ashing procedure followed by the ceric-arsenite reaction. The X-ray method is more precise than the conventional procedures. In preliminary studies, the mean normal value found by this method was 4.7 µg./100 ml. of serum, with a range of ± 0.6 (2 σ).


This paper considers the control of combined longitudinal and lateral motion of individual vehicles using partial-state measurements with respect to longitudinal and lateral deviations, longitudinal velocity, and yaw rate. Simulation results show that the control system is robust to parameter variations and performs well in the presence of measuring noises and initial deviations. In addition, the estimated parameters and state variables remain close to their actual values. Results show that parameter uncertainties in the vehicle-motion-control problem can be handled effectively.


The present Urals are bordered on the west by a belt of Permian and Carboniferous sediments thrown into long, gentle north and south trending folds. East of this, there is a zone of overthrusts--the older beds pushed westward, over the younger, in an intricate pattern, the amount of dip increasing eastward. Next come the central ridges made up of metamorphic Cambrian and pre-Cambrian rocks mingled with a great variety of basic and acid intrusions. The whole eastern slope is but a partly deciphered maze of sediments, green schists, igenous rocks, et cetera. Among them, the basic massif of Nijni Tagil and north of there, together with the Djabyk granitic massif and its northern extension west of Alapaevsk, are prominent. The Djabyk is considered to be a batholith emplaced a a culmination of the main orogenic phase. A considerable part of the Uralian geology in the east is concealed by Tertiary and later sediments. The grain of the formations is longitudinal, with the regions of Kara-Tau and Ufaley as marked exceptions. The structure of the central metamorphic ridges is predominantly sharply anticlinal. The Uralian geosyncline, apparently a rift zone between the Russian and Tobolsk shields, had at least one pre-Ordovician orogenic cycle. Existence of a comparatively shallow Ordovician trough of deposition, from Mugodjary to Novaya Zemlya, is well established. Maximum post-Ordovician submergence occurred in Middle Devonian; another submergence took place in Lower and Middle Carboniferous. Tectonic forces, probably connected with the Taconic, Caledonian, and Acadian revolutions, acted on the geosyncline, especially on its middle and southern parts. There were numerous minor disturbances intervening. The main orogenic phase took place in the Permian, persisting into the Triassic. The resulting post-Permian Urals were eroded to their batholithic core, during the later Triassic. The Juras ic and Cretaceous again saw a widespread sea transgression which reached its maximum in Lower Tertiary. The time of rise of the present Urals is as yet unknown. The latest known disturbances are post-Pleistocene. The Permian disturbance was expressed in a wedge-like orogeny, with the main compressive stress coming from the east. This produced the belt of easterly dips in the zone of overthrusts. A belt of westerly dips runs along the line Alapaevsk-Chelyabinsk, then swings into the Ural River Valley, toward Orsk. One variation of the wedge theory is that the whole of the wedge is included between these two zones of inward dips, with the batholith offset in the direction of the stress (asymmetrical). Another variation is that the Djabyk occupies a central position, and there should be another belt of westerly dips, hidden under the Tertiary sediments of Western Siberia. Gravimetric measurements in that region reveal alternating longitudinal zones of positive and negative anomalies similar to th se farther west. Because of the heterogeneous character of the Uralian geosyncline, no competent beds were deposited in wide areas, and the deforming stresses were transmitted through the basement complex. Thus a zone of underthrusts was formed in the River Belaya loop. Thrust faulting was followed by block faulting. Subsequent stresses were of non-compressive character. The mid-Ural strike-slip fault, with the amount of displacement up to 35 miles, is one of the latest adjustments to these stresses. Oil was found in Permian strata, west of the zone of overthrusts. End_Page 1439------------------------------


The experiment of mulching cultivation in garlic was conducted by using the participatory technology development method.The results showed that the participatory technology development method could arouse the enthusiasm of farmers and benefit the combination between external and local traditional techniques.The mulching cultivation technique could increase garlic yield by keeping soil moisture,inhibiting herbs,adjusting soil temperature and saving labour.


This article intends to contribute to the debate on the organization of the industrial working class between 1936 and 1943 in the city of Buenos Aires and its surroundings. In particular, it aims at analyzing the union organization at the shop-floor level as a central strategy of the Communist groups and discusses the relations of the socalled old and new working class of Argentina and its ties with Peronism. The studies on labor organization at the shop-floor level have argued that the creation of the comisiones internas took place during Peronism (first presidency of Juan Peron: 1946-1955) and/or were created before by the employers. Our intention is to provide a more complex view of this phenomenon that shows that the main organizational characteristics of the comisiones internas were anticipated in the textile, metallurgical and construction unions (in the period before 1943). These unions, which were headed by the Communists, introduced important practices of shop-floor organization for the working class that involved the creation of comisiones internas. Universidad de Buenos Aires


A diamane, a hydroginated diamond layer, is an ultrathin film with specific ph ysical an d mechanical properties. Molecular dynamics simulation is used to analyze the equilibrium states of the diamane and calculate its mechanical properties at different conditions. The methodology for the calculation of elastic constants of two-dimensional material by molecular dynamics is developed and applied to the calculation of stiffness and compliance constants of diamane. Two morphologies of diamane (D-AA and D-AB) are considered, but it is shown that morphology does not affect the stiffness and compliance constants. It is found that the size of the simulation box does not affect the values of stiffness and compliance constants of diamane. It is shown that the values of elastic constants are affected by the presence of hydrogen in the diamane structure. The elastic constants are almost not affected by the diamane morphology: constants for AA and AB diamane are very close. The proposed methodology can be further applied to various two-dimensional structures for the calculation of elastic constants.


This study aims to describe the depiction of female eroticism, the idea of feminism in Saman and Larung novels written by AyuUtami, and its implications for learning literature in high school. The method used in this research is a descriptive method utilizing qualitative analysis. The data source in this research is Saman and Larung novels written by AyuUtami. Data analysis utilized work analysis technique. Based research result, the types of eroticism include metabolic erotica, biological erotica, metabolic/biological erotica, whereas the expression of erotism includes the mention of genitals, descriptions of sexual scenes, descriptions of sexual intercourse scenes, descriptions of sexual misconduct, descriptions of sensual body parts. The idea of feminism is rebellion against the rules, customs, and norms of society, the movement that always opposes unjust rulers, representating women aiming for freedom, against the patriarchy on women, the struggle for equality and rights between men and women, the struggle against differences the sex system, and the struggle to resist discrimination and cultural values that undermine women. Based research result and its the relevance of core competence and basic competence in the curriculum of 2013, these novels are not relevant to be used as a literary teaching material in schools, but in terms of feminism, ideas can add literature value in high school.


In order to explore the differences of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and to reveal genetic variations of photosynthetic capacities among Eucommia ulmoides clones,leaves of two Eucommia ulmoides clones,i. e. Eucommia ulmoides 'Hongye'and Eucommia ulmoides 'Xiaoye',were tested in this study. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and rapid light curves were measured by portable modulated fluorometer( PAM2500). The results suggested the initial fluorescence yield( fo) in leaves of 'Hongye'was statistically significantly lower than that in 'Xiaoye'. Meanwhile,the ratio of variable fluorescence to maximal fluorescence( fv / fm) of 'Hongye'was significantly higher than that of'Xiaoye',and so did the potential activity of photosystem II( fv /fo). Fluorescence yield of light off( fo') at 659 μmol·m- 2·s- 1of light intensity in leaves of "Hongye"was significantly higher than that in 'Xiaoye'. Rapid light curves indicated that 'Hongye'was more efficient to utilize photosynthetically active radiation ranging from 250 to 1400 μmol·m- 2·s- 1than 'xiaoye',while its photosynthetic efficiency was lower than that of 'xiaoye'when photosynthetically active radiation was 2000μmol·m- 2·s- 1and above. This study revealed the variations of chlorophyll fluorescence parmetersbetween the two Eucommia clones and analyzed the reason of the difference simultaneously.


"Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons"(NPT)was signed in January 1968 by fifty-nine nations, such as Britain, US, Soviet Unionand, and took into effect in March 1970. "Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons" is the cornerstone of the international system of non-proliferation of nuclear weapons. Although there are only eleven articles in the NPT, it has epoch-making significance in comprehensive and thorough nuclear disarmament and the world's peace and safety maintenance. However, due to some inherent problems, such as some slurred concepts, discriminaion against "non-nuclear nations", the quit of the member, the investigation purview of the IAEA, the NPT need to revise and develop and call on the multi-lateral cooperation.


1. Throughout this paper we shall work with a Banach space X with the norm || • ||. We write B(X) for the algebra of continuous linear operators on X with the norm topology. By a semigroup we mean a subsemigroup of B(X) under the composition operation. In the theory of operator-limit distributions some compact semigroups associated with probability measures play a very essential role. Furthermore, it is a great importance whether there exist one-parameter semigroups in semigroups in question (cf., e.g.,[2]). The existence of one parameter semigroups was intensively investigated in the theory of compact semigroups (cf., e.g., [1] Chapter B, Section 3). The results proved there are concentrated on purely topological semigroups problems. Moreover, it seems rather complicated to apply these results in the probability on Banach spaces setting. In the paper we give a construction of one-parameter semigroups in some compact semigroups of B(X). The result could be applied directly to a problem occuring in the theory of operator-limit distributions.


We report on the successful growth of polycrystalline GaN thin films on Si (100) substrates at room temperature (without intentional heating) using radiofrequency reactive magnetron sputtering. We use Ar and N2 as the main sputtering and N-atom precursor gas sources, respectively, and a gallium cathode as the Ga-atom source. We focus here on studying the effect of working pressure, as it is found to be the parameter that plays the most influential role on the crystalline quality of the thin films in the investigated range (20–95 mTorr). The morphology, microstructure, and composition profile of the GaN thin films are analyzed using a set of ex situ solid-state characterization techniques. This study reveals that for process pressures below 50 mTorr, the resulting films possess an amorphous nature, while for process pressures above that they become polycrystalline. Most of the crystalline films are found to be nanostructured with grain sizes typically ranging from 10 to 30 nm in size. The highest growth rate of ∼ 2.9 Å/s is obtained for the deposition carried out at 50 mTorr. At this pressure, the films exhibit the best crystallinity with a dominant wurtzite hexagonal structure. The elemental distribution of Ga and N throughout the growth profile is uniform with a sharp interface at the substrate, demonstrating one of the interests in working at low temperatures to avoid melt-back etching, a destructive reaction between gallium and silicon, that usually takes place at high temperatures.


This study begins from the premise that smaller employers provide less formal training than larger companies and are less likely to participate in government training initiatives. The study has a number of objectives: to understand the issues small employers face in making decisions about training; to examine training provision for owner-managers, new recruits and established employees; to guage the importance of formal and informal training; to identify employers' motives to provide training; and to assess whether small businesses' informal training can be assessed more formally than at present. The first stage of the study provides quantitative data on a sufficiently large sample to be able to generalise the findings to the broader population. The second stage provides qualitative data on employers' definitions of training, their motives for undertaking training and the barriers to providing training. The report also suggests implications for future policy.


This paper describes the challenges associated with recovery of multi-GHz short burst communications in multi-channel systems, especially DWDM optical packet switching networks. Burst-mode data transmission complicates the standard methods typically used to recover embedded clock information and recover the serial data. Previously implemented solutions to this problem either constrain the test capability or are not extensible to higher signaling rates. A new approach, capable of locking in a single cycle at rates up to 10 Gbps is described in this paper. This solution applies to both the testing strategies and a receiver circuit used for an end-application optical switching network interface.


Abstract The paper aims to give an account of the emergence of American neoconservatism, approaching its subject from a theoretical point of view. Its main thesis is that the defining difference between neoconservatism and older, more traditional kinds of conservatism can be found in their relation to political knowledge. While traditional conservatism completely rejects a rationalist-ideological approach to political knowledge, accepting only tradition as a guide to political action, neoconservatism holds that among the circumstances of modern politics, especially in the US, relying on abstract ideas and general principles in the form of an ideology is a prerequisite of effective political performance. Neoconservatives use the classical liberal tradition of American political thought to forge a modern ideology that can be employed in contemporary political battles. The first part of the paper gives an outline of the theoretical framework regarding the roles of tradition and ideology as rival forms of political knowledge, using the works of Michael Oakeshott and Friedrich Hayek as representatives of two related, but opposing positions. The second part sketches the basic character of neoconservatism through the writings of primarily Irving Kristol, focusing on his drawing a distinction between a tradition-minded British conservatism and a more ideological American neoconservatism. In this part, we briefly mention the influence of Leo Strauss on the development of neoconservative political thought in the US Finally, the paper proceeds to show the duality of idealism and realism (loosely corresponding to ideology and tradition) in American neoconservative foreign policy thought in the 1970s and 1980s through the writings of Jeane Kirkpatrick.


High-resolution surveillance imaging with apertures greater than a few inches over horizontal or slant paths at optical or infrared wavelengths will typically be limited by atmospheric aberrations. With static targets and static platforms, we have previously demonstrated near-diffraction limited imaging of various targets including personnel and vehicles over horizontal and slant paths ranging from less than a kilometer to many tens of kilometers using adaptations to bispectral speckle imaging techniques. Nominally, these image processing methods require the target to be static with respect to its background during the data acquisition since multiple frames are required. To obtain a sufficient number of frames and also to allow the atmosphere to decorrelate between frames, data acquisition times on the order of one second are needed. Modifications to the original imaging algorithm will be needed to deal with situations where there is relative target to background motion. In this paper, we present an extension of these imaging techniques to accommodate mobile platforms and moving targets.


Objective: In this prospective study we aimed to determine the rate of conversion from Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS) to Multiple Sclerosis(MS) among the Asian Indians
Background: In contrast to the western countries, India is a country with low prevalence of MS. In western countries, nearly 35[percnt] of CIS converts to Clinically Definite Multiple Sclerosis (CDMS)after a mean period of 20 months.
Methods: Consecutive CIS cases were prospectively studied. The cohorts were recruited from 3 centers in the city of Kolkata from January 2009 through December 2013 and then followed up through September 2015 with serial neuro-imaging. The CIS cohorts were followed up for at least 18 months but follow-up ended earlier in those who by then had converted to CDMS. They were carefully examined and appropriately investigated to exclude infectious, neoplastic, congenital, metabolic, vascular and NMO (Neuromyelitis Optica) spectrum disorders. Para-infectious myelitis evidence by cerebrospinal fluid cell count>50/ cu mm with or without history of fever in recent past were also excluded.
Results: Twenty-nine CIS cohorts (12 male, 17 female)of age range 20 to 58 years (mean age 38 years) were studied. There were 6 cases of optic neuritis, 14 myelitis and 9 with brain-stem dysfunction. Nine cases of CIS converted to CDMS and an additional 2 cases converted according to McDonald 2010 criteria. CIS with brain-stem dysfunction had higher propensity to convert than others. The 18-month probability of conversion of CIS was found to be 17[percnt] for CDMS and 28[percnt] for McDonald criteria.
Conclusions: This is the first Indian study on the natural history of CIS. The rate of early conversion to MS was found to be lower than that observed in the western countries. Disclosure: Dr. Banerjee has received research support from Biogen Idec. Dr. Das has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ghosh has received research support from Biogen Idec. Dr. Dutta has nothing to disclose. Dr. Haldar has nothing to disclose. Dr. Chowdhury has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ojha has nothing to disclose. Dr. Saha has nothing to disclose. Dr. Purakayastha has nothing to disclose.


opposing view. Self Ident. 2018;17(2):139-162. 10. Porter T, Schumann K, Selmeczy D, Trzesniewski K. Intellectual humility predicts mastery behaviors when learning. Learn Individ Differ. 2020;80. 11. Hall MP, Raimi KT. Is belief superiority justified by superior knowledge? J Exp Soc Psychol. 2018;76:290-306. 12. Krumrei-Mancuso EJ, Haggard MC, LaBouff JP, Rowatt WC. Links between intellectual humility and acquiring knowledge. J Posit Psychol. 2020;15(2):155-170. 13. Stanley ML, Sinclair AH, Seli P. Intellectual humility and perceptions of political opponents. J Pers. 2020;88(6):1196-1216. 14. Krumrei-Mascuso EJ. Intellectual humility and prosocial values: Direct and mediated effects. J Posit Psychol. 2017;12 (1):13-28. 15. Meagher BR, Leman JC, Bias JP, Latendresse SJ, Rowatt WC. Contrasting self-report and consensus ratings of intellectual humility and arrogance. J Res Pers; 2015;58:35-45. 16. Meagher BR, Leman JC, Heidenga CA, RingquistMR, RowattWC. Intellectual humility in conversation: Distinct behavioral indicators of self and peer ratings. J Posit Psychol. 2021;16(3):417-429. 17. McElroy SE, Rice KG, Davis DE, et al. Intellectual humility: Scale development and theoretical elaborations in the context of religious leadership. J Psychol Theol. 2014;42(1):19-30. 18. Krumrei-Mancuso EJ, Rowatt WC. Humility in novice leaders: Links to servant leadership and followers' satisfaction with leadership. J Posit Psychol. 2021 doi:10.1080/17439760.2021.1952647 19. Hook JN, Farrell JE, Johnson KA, Van Tongeren DR, Davis DE, Aten JD. Intellectual humility and religious tolerance. J Posit Psychol. 2017;12: 29-35. 20. Bowes SM, Costello TH, Lee C, McElroy-Heltzel S, Davis DE, Lilienfeld SO. Stepping outside the echo chamber: Is intellectual humility associated with less political myside bias? Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2022;48(1):150-164. 21. Huynh HP, Senger AR. A little shot of humility: Intellectual humility predicts vaccination attitudes and intention to vaccinate against COVID-19. J App Soc Psychol. 2021;51(4):449-460. 22. Bowes SM, Costello TH,MaW, Lilienfeld SO. Looking under the tinfoil hat: Clarifying the personological and psychopathological correlates of conspiracy beliefs. J Pers. 2021;89(3):422-436. 23. Krumrei-Mancuso EJ, Newman B. Intellectual humility in the sociopolitical domain. Self Ident. 2020;19(8):989-1016. 24. Van Tongeren DR, Stafford J, Hook JN, Green JD, Davis DE, Johnson KA. Humility attenuates negative attitudes and behaviors toward religious outgroup members. J Posit Psychol. 2016;11:199-208. 25. Saucier DA, Webster RJ. Social vigilantism: Measuring individual differences in belief superiority and resistance to persuasion. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2010;36(1):19-32. 26. Williams KD, Chen Z, Wegener D. Persuasion after ostracism: Need-based influences on persuasion. In: Forgas JP, Cooper J, Crano WD, eds The Psychology of Attitudes and Attitude Change. Psychology Press; 2010:199-213. 27. Krumrei-Mancuso EJ, Rouse SV. The development and validation of the Comprehensive Intellectual Humility Scale. J Pers Assess. 2015;98:209-221. 28. Hopkin CR, Hoyle RH, Toner K. Intellectual humility and reactions to opinions about religious beliefs. J Psychol Theol. 2014;42:50-61. 29. Leary MR, Kelly KM, Cottrell CA, Schreindorfer LS. Construct validity of the Need to Belong Scale: Mapping the nomological network. J Pers Assess. 2013;95(6):610-624. 30. Porter T, Cimpian A, Leary M. Modeling Intellectual Humility Benefits Learning and Motivation in Classrooms. 2022, Ball State University. 31. Itzchakov G, Kluger AN, Castro DR. I am aware of my inconsistencies but can tolerate them: The effect of high quality listening on speakers' attitude ambivalence. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2017;43(1):105-120. 32. Toner K, Leary MR, Asher MW, Jongman-Sereno KP. Feeling superior is a bipartisan issue: Extremity (not direction) of political views predicts perceived belief superiority. Psychol Sci. 2013;24(12):2454-2462. 33. Boswell JF, Thompson-Hollands J, Farchione TJ, Barlow DH. Intolerance of uncertainty: a common factor in the treatment of emotional disorders. J Clin Psychol. 2013;69(6): 630-645. 34. Sweeney M. Uncertainty is uncomfortable. Here's how we can learn to live with it Discover. 2021.


Abstract A major stratospheric sudden warming occurred in the Northern Hemisphere during late December 1984, one of the earliest times such an event has been observed during winter. The seasonal evolution of the stratospheric circumpolar vortex during this winter is strongly affected by this disruption, particularly in the lower stratosphere, and normal midwinter conditions are not reestablished until mid-February. The anomalous postwarming state has a pronounced effect on the vertical propagation of planetary waves from the troposphere.


Smart bus management system is based on monitoring the bus inside bus stand and in order to notify the higher officials about the departure of a bus to the particular place from a lane in time without any delay. If there is a delay a warning is given using an alarm to a bus driver and the officials regarding that delay. Our system consists of the components such as Global Position System (GPS) model attached to the bus in order to track the location of the bus inside the bus stand. A Microcontroller is used to control overall operation. An Internet of things (IoT) cloud is used to store the data which is being transferred from the GPS module through IOT Gateway. As the Gateway used to connect cloud and GPS module. A Google map (GMap) is used to locate the bus. While bus enters the bus stand it is made to occupy on the allotted lane. A time is fixed for the bus to be in the lane. It is stored in the database. If a bus occupies that lane more than the allotted time then a notification is given to the driver, the higher official and an alarm is given in bus. This monitoring by the Higher Official is done by an Android App which is installed on the Officials mobile. This system avoids the traffic inside the bus stand during the peak hours. This makes the people aware of the time of departure of each bus from the lane to the particular place. This system also maintains a secure database which can be used for the future purpose and it is cost-efficient. Keywords—GPS,Internet of things,Google map.


Learning Clinical Reasoning ... even the title seems different. The book is unlike any of the standard texts on decision making. It starts with 10 short chapters on the key processes of clinical reasoning. The bulk of the book follows, consisting of clinical examples demonstrating these processes. Given the authors' specialty, it is not surprising that the cases concentrate in internal medicine, but the processes described are universal and therefore useful for all clinicians. The clinical examples are not the standard case report nor are they presented in the typical clinical-pathological conference format. Instead Drs Kassirer and Kopelman present the first few sentences of the case history followed by an "expert's" response. More of the case is presented, and again the expert responds. As the case unfolds, the expert modifies his or her comments. At the end of each case, the authors present their views on the clinical reasoning process, and


The laser micro‐impulse torsion pendulum has been developed in this lab. A thin glass plate of about 80μm thick is made as the target holder where the propellant film sticks on. Such structure can be used for both the R‐mode and the T‐mode measurements. The minimal resolution of this apparatus is 3×10−9N.s. A package, which combines a 2W single LD with its lenses, is evaluated by the pendulum under R‐mode and T‐mode conditions, respectively, in this lab. the momentum coupling coefficient Cm is about 2dyn/W and the specific impulsion Isp is about 170s. A new conceptual fiber‐distributed structure of laser micropropulsion system for microsatellites has been proposed and discussed in this article.


Objectives:  Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis primarily affecting children who are <5 years old. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is the standard therapy for KD. However, many patients with KD still show poor response to initial IVIG treatment. This study was conducted to investigate the risk factors for initial IVIG treatment failure in KD.


Aetiological factors in superficial dorsal penile vein thrombosis include trauma, vigorous sexual activity, pelvic tumours and a distended bladder1,2. Isolated penile vein phlebitis was originally described in 19583 as a variant of Mondor's disease, which is a more generalized superficial venous thrombosis of the chest wall.


Treatises de modis significandi are known to have been a favorite genre of scholastic literature. One of them, by Martinus de Dacia, has lately been made the subject of a thorough study by Father Heinrich Roos, S.J., and will be briefly discussed in these pages. The text of this treatise, and commentaries on it, are found in a fairly large number of manuscripts, of which Fr. Roos presents a list, and which he endeavors to determine in their mutual relation in order to lay the groundwork for a future edition, apparently — as much as any one not himself familiar with the manuscripts can judge — with thoroughness and reliablity (chs. I, II). In some of the manuscripts and in certain other sources the treatise is ascribed to one Martinus de Dacia (Denmark). Very convincingly Fr. Roos demonstrates (ch. III) that this bit of information is correct and that the author was identical with a high-ranking Danish cleric of that name, who at one time was the chancellor of King Eric VI Menved. It is likely that Martinus composed his treatise while he was a professor in the Liberal Arts Faculty of the University of Paris, probably around 1250. The treatise seems to have enjoyed a great reputation, which would be accounted for if Fr. Roos is right in assuming that Martinus set the model for the entire type. In the last two chapters (IV, V) Fr. Roos describes the character and basic ideas of the tractate against the background of the development of scholarship and higher education during the Middle Ages. This historical outline is very interesting and instructive indeed. Nevertheless it provokes criticism regarding two interrelated points, namely, the characterization of scholastic grammar and its position in the history of linguistic studies.


ABSTRACT Accurate verification of the time passed since death is a challenging task in daily forensic investigations, chiefly in homicidal or unwitnessed death. The study evaluated the applicability of the time-dependent changes in histological structure, DNA content,and oxidant/antioxidant parameters in rat's skeletal muscles in an attempt to reach a reliable method for post-mortem interval (PMI) estimation. We used 56 adult male albino rats. These animals were sacrificed then and allocated randomly to seven groups (eight rats each). First group: rats were dissected to obtain samples from quadriceps femoris muscles promptly after death. While the rats in the second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh groups were dissected to get muscle samples from quadriceps femoris at 6, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 144 hours post-mortem (hpm). The results showed that a significant gradual histopathological alteration of muscle structure started at 48 hpm and progressed afterwards. Also, the DNA degradation percentage increased significantly parallel to the increased oxidant parameter levels from 6 to 144 hpm. Our results concluded that changes in oxidant/antioxidant parameters and DNA degradation, as well as the histological examination of muscle tissues, showed a strong correlation with post-mortem intervals. Consequently, the integration of all these parameters can provide a valuable method of post-mortem intervals estimation.


The paper describes a novel approach for adjusting the matching networks of an RF front-end amplifier to maintain system performance using an adaptive control network (ACN). To maintain system performance, the matching networks of the amplifier are dynamically adjusted as a function of frequency. The ACN consists of a back-propagation neural network that was trained for gain as a function of frequency. As a result, the ACN adapts the system performance by controlling a tunable impedance transmission line (TITL) as a function of frequency. In addition, the ACN is able to re-configure the system for different system requirements without changing the matching network topologies. Simulation results demonstrate the ability to control the TITL matching network, adapt the performance across the frequency band, and reconfigure for different specifications. The first-generation hardware prototype was demonstrated in support of the Intelligent RF Front-End Project awarded to Northrop Grumman Space Technology by DARPA


Info-communicational system 'Mail2SMS' [1] is a flexible mechanism to notify the receivers of email about the delivered e-mail by SMS messages. In such systems every user should be able to control the list of allowed/disallowed notifiers. In this article a possible solution to this problem is considered by special commands.


In the framework of the ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) project, one of the key components of the reactor is the ECRH (Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating). This system has the duty to heat the plasma inside the tokamak, using high frequency and power radio waves, produced by sets of 1MW gyrotrons. One of the main issues related to the gyrotron operation is the output power drop that happens right after the beginning of a pulse. In this work, we study the underlying phenomena that cause the power drop, focusing on the gyrotron's MIG (Magnetron Injection Gun) of the 1MW, 170 GHz European Gyrotron prototype for ITER. It is shown how the current emission and the temperature of the emitter are tightly bound, and how their interaction causes the power drop, observed experimentally. Furthermore, a simple yet effective lumped-parameter model to describe the MIG's cathode thermal dynamics is developed, which is able to predict the power output of the gyrotron by simulating the propagation of the heat inside this component. The model is validated against test results, showing a good capability to reproduce the measured behavior of the system, while still being open to further improvements.


In addition, as a global journal and completely open access since 2022 and beyond the mainstream network of traditional journals, we are committed to emerging and developing economies contributing perspectives from diverse countries. Furthermore, now, having gone through the context of COVID-19 and the socio-economic impacts that this brings around the world, there is a genuine commitment to contribute to our academic, managerial and policy-making community. For these reasons, encouraging publication in this journal involves a critical commitment to following traditional research structures: Introduction, Literature Review, Methods, Results, Discussions, and Conclusions.


Protoplasts isolated from monokaryotic mycelia of Lentinus edodes were spread on CM containing 0.6 mol/1 sucrose and irradiated for 30 seconds. After colonies formed, they were transplanted on MM and those showing little growth were detected further. 7 auxotrophic mutants were obtained at last, among which 3 mutants remained stable after protoplast isolation, regeneration and mycelial subculture on CM slant for 3 times. They can be used in protoplast fusion in later studies, despite their protoplast yields were low and have to be improved.