ASML is the world's leading manufacturer of chip-making equipment and a key supplier to the chip industry. ASML designs, develops, integrates and services advanced systems to produce semiconductors. In short, it makes the wafer scanners that print the chips. These wafer scanners are used to manufacture semiconductors (e.g., processors in devices ranging from mobile phones and MP3 players to desktop computers). Because of competition and fast innovation, the time-to-market is very important. Following Moore's law, there is an ongoing effort to reduce the line widths on silicon wafer. Every new generation of wafer scanners is shifting the frontier of what is technologically possible. As a result, the testing of manufactured wafer scanners is an important but also time-consuming process. Every wafer scanner is tested in the factory of ASML. When it passes all tests, the wafer scanner is disassembled and shipped to the customer where the system is reassembled. At the customer's site, the wafer scanner is tested again. Clearly, testing is a time consuming process and takes several weeks at both sites. Since time-to-market is very important, ASML is involved in an ongoing effort to reduce the test period. To assist ASML in these efforts, we applied process mining techniques to their test processes. The goal of process mining is to extract information (e.g., process models) from event logs produced by a wide variety of systems ranging from enterprise information systems (e.g., based on WFM, ERP, SOA technologies) to embedded systems (e.g., medical systems, high-end copiers, etc.). Process mining allows for the discovery of processes, e.g., it is possible to automatically generate process models based on event logs expressed in various languages. Moreover, process mining can also be used to discover other aspects such as social networks, organizational structures, decision rules, bottlenecks, etc. without the need for people to model things beforehand. However, if models are present, process mining can be used to check conformance. This way it is possible to see where the actual process deviates from the model and how severe these deviations are. Process mining has emerged as a new and innovative way to analyze processes and systems based on the event logs they produce. ProM is an open source framework for process mining supporting a wide variety of techniques. Results Using process mining ASML was able to get a better view on the actual testing process. Analysis showed that the testing process is very dynamic …


An instrumented scratch tester is utilized to investigate the scratch resistance of surface ground silicon nitride. Single-grit scratches were conducted, both in longitudinal and transverse direction to grinding. The volume of material removed during the scratch event and the measured force were utilized to quantify the scratch resistance and then estimate the bounds for ductile to brittle transition limits for material removal. Residual stress measurements and the scratch resistance were rationalized based on the induced damage features.


This chapter begins delving into the politics surrounding and embedded into the historiography concerning the fall of the Sikh Empire. It particularly focuses on deconstructing narratives about Ranjit Singh's death and how historically pivotal this event is thought to have been in leading to the internal problems and eventual collapse of the kingdom in the decade between 1839 and 1849. Instead, the chapter argues for greater attention to be paid to the gendered and colonial politics influencing the British and European writings on the Punjab's royal elite and the kingdom's affairs during this crucial period. Such sources have considerably constituted the basis of subsequent histories and biographies about Ranjit Singh and his family, but have rarely been critically interrogated for their internal debates and biases. This chapter instead attempts to piece together a political history of such colonial writings on the Punjab – together with drawing upon a range of less-studied Persian, Punjabi and Sanskrit courtly sources – to resurrect a vista of the world of Ranjit Singh's heirs, as they sought to maintain the independence of their kingdom into the 1830s.


A multi-syringe flow injection system for the potentiometric determination of exchangeable potassium in soil samples is proposed. Firstly, a manifold was devised to allow determination in soil extracts prepared off-line. It was possible to analyze samples prepared in extractants with different composition (Mehlich or Morgan) without physical or chemical modification of the manifold. A linear dynamic concentration range of 6–391 mg L was obtained, allowing the direct introduction of soil extract without dilution. A determination frequency of 50 h was achieved, with good repeatability for 10 consecutive injections of soil extracts (RSDb3.0%). The in-line preparation of soil extract was implemented by automatic addition of extractant solution to a previously weighed portion of soil, followed by in-line filtration. Good repeatability was attained as the variance of the extraction procedure was not significantly different from the variance obtained in consecutive measurements of the same extract. Furthermore, results comparable to those obtained by off-line extraction and determination by flame emission spectrometry were attained −1 −1 eywords: Multi-syringe flow injection analysis; Potentiometry; Exchangeable potassium; Soil; In-line extraction frequency of 13 h and a sampling rate of 4 h were achieved. for the two soil samples tested. Using this procedure, a determination


s). Of great interest was a preliminary report from the Pittsburgh group, regarding the transplantation of islets obtained from CD-46 transgenic pigs to diabetic primates. At that time, only two transplantations had been carried out. The Immunosuppression had consisted of anti-CD 154 antibodies plus MMF in one animal, while the other animal received the antibody alone. Both recipients were cured of diabetes for over 100 days. Also, of great significance was the news that a special pig housing facility has recently been built on behalf of the Diabetes Institute at the University of Minnesota. Caesarean section-derived, designated-pathogen free pigs will be maintained in this facility for future use as source animals for pig islet transplantation to patients. Interesting news was also reported from two pharmaceutical companies, Bristol-Meyers Squibb and Astellas, in that they are both developing anti-CD40 antibodies for clinical use. These antibodies will presumably be useful in xenotransplantation, while potentially not inducing the thromboembolic complications observed with the CD-154 antibodies. The risk of porcine endogenous retrovirus (PERV) transmission remains a contentious issue, and the biology of PERV remains a focus of investigation. However, at the meeting, there seemed to be an agreement that PERV should not prevent clinical trials, providing that appropriate monitoring is applied. Thus, as of today, there is light in the end of the tunnel, a fact that should encourage all stakeholders to push for further progress in the xenotransplant field in the year to come. An overriding issue is the need for guidelines for clinical trials, and appropriate controlling mechanisms for such trials. In 2004, the World Health Organization (WHO) emphasized the role of national regulatory authorities in ensuring proper regulatory control and surveillance mechanisms as well as the need for international collaboration Carl G. Groth, MD, Ph.D., New Editor-in-Chief 2008. Xenotransplantation 2008: 15: 1–2 Printed in Singapore. All rights reserved doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3089.2008.00439.x Copyright 2008 Blackwell Munksgaard


A new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique, termed SPRITE (Single Point Ramped Imaging with T 1 Enhancement) permits visualization of water content in previously inaccessible wood fiber systems. We demonstrate the superiority of SPRITE methods, in comparison to conventional MRI methods, for studying fluid content in low water content wood materials. SPRITE and conventional MRI images were acquired from four species of wood, equilibrated at multiple moisture content levels. Both methods were also used to examine relative moisture content during forced drying of a white ash wood sample.


Real-time systems can be defined as systems operating under specific timing constraints, either hard or soft ones. In principle, agent systems are considered inappropriate for such kinds of systems, due to the asynchronous nature of their communication protocols, which directly influences their temporal behavior. Nevertheless, multi-agent systems could be successfully employed for solving problems where failure to meet a deadline does not have serious consequences, given the existence of a fail-safe system mechanism. Current work focuses on the analysis of multi-agent systems behavior under such soft real-time constraints. To this end, ERMIS has been developed: an integrated framework that provides the agent developer with the ability to benchmark his/her own architecture and identify its limitations and its optimal timing behavior, under specific hardware/software constraints. A variety of MAS configurations have been tested and indicative results are discussed within the context of this paper.


– The purpose of this paper is to report and reflect on a decade‐long action experiment to devise a form of business education for sustainability that helps managers act as "pro‐sustainability" agents of change. It offers one example of practice in this evolving field, for scholarly scrutiny and discussion., – The paper draws on action research principles, which engage theory with practice, and action with reflection. It is written as a reflective account of the author's experience., – This educational programme for managers locates itself as a form of business education for sustainability whilst simultaneously acknowledging that the managerialist assumptions underpinning this aspiration are part of the problem that change for sustainability needs to address. This raises challenges both for the tutor team and participants. Tentative conclusions are reached about the paradoxical nature of educational practice in this contested space, in the light of current trends in higher education., – The paper explores an innovative educational experiment in which the questions raised have wider significance for how managers are helped to bring about pro‐sustainability change.


abstract:This article explores precarious academic employment's effect on the work of doing digital humanities work, specifically in the context of Moravian studies. The article documents the author's experience of working on a digital humanities project. It focuses on the Moravian's Boarding School in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. The article explores how the work of the digital humanities cannot be done without the broad support that comes from academic employment and access to resources, both technical and monetary. The author situates these issues within the context of how precarious academic employment will potentially affect the field of Moravian studies.


According to the recent molecular phylogenetic and morphological studies, three distinct species of Arundo L. (Poaceae) are distributed along the eastern Adriatic Sea coast and islands: (1) A. donax L., the cosmopolitan Giant Reed distributed from the Sub-tropical Asia to the Mediterranean Basin, and two circum-Mediterranean taxa (2) A. plinii Turra and (3) A. micrantha Lam. Presence of A.plinii has been previously reported within the Myrto communis-Pistacietum lentisci (Molinier 1954) Rivas-Martinez 1975 (Quercetalia ilicis Braun-Blanquet ex Molinier 1934) and Narcisso tazettae-Asphodeletum microcarpi Segulja 1969 associations (Scorzonero villosae-Chrysopogonetalia grylli Horvatic et Horvat 1963) in some localities of the most southern parts of Croatia. Phytocoenological releves from the stands of A. plinii and A. micrantha were collected in South Croatia (Dalmatia region, 19 releves), Montenegro (12 releves) and Albania (three releves were collected near the towns of Shkoder and Elbasan) in the period from 2009 to 2012. Vegetation data were interpreted in terms of syntaxonomical classification, based on cover and floristic affinities, following the Zurich-Montpellier approach and the International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature. A. micrantha appears along the coast from the cities of Split and Dubrovnik (South Croatia). It is character and dominant species of the new proposed plant association Arundinetum micranthae Jasprica & Ruscic 2013. In some releves, A. plinii and A. micrantha appear together in the same stand. According to its floristic structure, physiognomy and ecology, it belongs to the Artemisietea vulgaris Lohmeyer, Preising et Tuxen ex von Rochow 1951 class. This nitrophilous community has developed as low (2-4 m) and dense shrub formation, frequently found on clayey soils, humid for most of the year. Altitudinal range is between 5 and 21 m a.s.l. It appears exclusively on southern expositions on the slopes between 5° and 60°. The cover was 100%. Number of species in the releves was between 13 and 17 (average 14.3). The association had a large number of companions, mostly from the Scorzonero villosae-Chrysopogonetalia grylli Horvatic et Horvat 1963 and Quercetalia ilicis Braun-Blanquet ex Molinier 1934 communities. This study compares the floristic composition of this association with Arundinetum plinianae Biondi, Brugiapaglia, Allegrezza et Ballelli 1992 (=Arundinetum collinae) from Adriatic coast and other Mediterranean areas, and some communities from the Arundinion collinae Brullo, Giusso, Guarino et Sciandrello 2010 alliance (Lygeo sparti-Stipetea tenacissimae Rivas-Martinez 1978). The syntaxonomic status of the stands with Arundo plinii and A. micrantha is also discussed.


The FRANZ Facility, a planned worldwide unique pulsed neutron source, will be built at Frankfurt University. A single RFQ or an RFQ-IH combination working at 175MHz will be used to accelerate a 200mA proton beam to the energy which can meet the demands of required neutron production. The beam dynamics study has been performed to design a flexible, short-structure and low-beam-loss RFQ accelerator. The design results and relative analyses are presented.


In the present study, a voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and three dimensional texture analysis were used to detect brain structural changes of AD subjects in preclinical phase. Three groups of T1-weighed MRI data were selected from Open Access Series of Imaging Studies (OASIS) database, including 13 converted subjects (CS) who were cognitively healthy at baseline, 13 non-demented subjects (NS) remained cognitively healthy, and 64 demented subjects (DS) for control study. Results showed grey matter (GM) atrophy in bilateral occipital lobe, superior temporal gyrus, and left inferior temporal lobe in CS (p< 0.001); textural features of the largest cluster significantly differed from that of NS, with the classification accuracy of 88.5% through cross validation, which may highlight the key role of these regions in prediction of the disease. Morphometric measurement plus texture analysis presents feasible in detecting preclinical AD.


SUMMARY The control of zoonoses in large urban cities is just possible with a efective progran to control pet overpopulation. The conventional efforts to promove animal control is just to make euthanazia. To use more human and rational methods, this work sugest a surgical thecnician to neutering with reduced cost. Thirty mongrel or not females of dogs and twenty females of cats were used. These animals were divided in groups of equal number and they were ovariectomised. We used a surgical flank approach. The main technical advantages of the technique are the better ovarian exposure, smaller surgical and anestesic time and smaller incisions. These animals were divided in two groups, "C1, G1" and "C2, G2". In one group we used infant females and the other group was composed with adults. The results were followed during six months after surgery. We used colpocitology and abdominal ultrasonografy before surgery at 10, 30, 90 and 180 days after surgery in group A. Analising the results we concluded that the control of overpopulation of street animals with minimal cost is possible, especially when we use gonadectomy through the flank.


In order to build an anti-collision system for the railway maintenance machines based on the RGIS(Railway Geographic Information System),we use ARM as the MCU based on the Linux OS,use Zigbee module to build the wireless communication network,use GPS to obtain the location information and the speed of the railway maintenance machines,correction the GPS data with the RGIS.The introduction of GIS is to improve the accuracy of the positioning system,and also to improve the reliability and usability of the anti-collision system.


Ulcerogenic and diarrheogenic tumors of the pancreas were studied both light and electron microscopically in the documented cases of two different kinds of tumors to elucidate the histogenesis of non‐beta islet cell tumors in reference to islet cells of the normal pancreas.


Objective. To identify and determine the infection parameters of the metacestode Parvitaenia in different culture stages of Dormitator latifrons and to evaluate the histological damage caused by this parasite. Materials and methods. Forty-five specimens were examined, 15 in each phase: pre-breeding, pre-fattening, and fattening, to identify the metacestode and tissue damage caused using conventional parasitology and histology techniques. Prevalence, intensity, and median intensity were calculated. A Mood's median test evaluated the difference between intensity per culture phase. Total length, weight, condition factor, and hepatosomatic index were correlated with intensity by linear correlation analysis. Liver fragments were evaluated to identify the tissue damage. Results. A total of 29,151 cestodes were found and were identified as Parvitaenia cochlearii . Cestode prevalence was 100% in each culture phase. The median intensity ranged from 22 to 625 individuals and showed significant differences between culture phases (X 2 = 29.391; p<0.0001). Intensity showed moderate positive correlation with total fish length (r 2 = 0.45; p<0.05) and low correlation with weight (r 2 = 0.38; p<0.05). In less parasitized livers, fibrosis, and congestion around the cysts were observed, while in livers with high levels of infection, parenchymal reduction, fibrosis, and increase in melanomacrophage centers were observed. Conclusions. This is the first report of P. cochlearii on D. latifrons in aquaculture. We suggest that there is a tendency for cestode accumulation during fish growth, which could have negative implications for trade.


Some patients with ascites due to liver cirrhosis become no longer responsive to diuretics.Once other causes for ascites such as portal vein thrombosis,malignancy or infection and non-compliance with medications or low sodium diet have been excluded,the diagnosis of refractory ascites can be made based on strict criteria.Patients with refractory ascites have very poor prognoses and therefore cured only by liver transplantation.Targeted therapy should be found before liver transplantation.Currently,serial large volume paracentesis(LVP) and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent-shunt(TIPS) are mainstay treatments for refractory ascites.Other options are available but not widely used.This paper describes the evaluation and management of patients with refractory ascites.


Aerial escort generally exists during the formation flight process of multiple aerial vehicles, especially for a heterogeneous system. The main purpose of escort task refers to follow certain aerial vehicle(named target aerial vehicle) or protect this target aerial vehicle from being detected. This paper aims at proposing a flocking algorithm for these networked miniature Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to implement the aerial escort task. Through concerted efforts, these UAVs can fly the expected time-variant formation, which relies on and adapts to the position of the target aerial vehicle. Besides, the robustness of this heterogeneous system is also discussed. It is essentially concluded that this heterogeneous system is capable of rebuilding its communication network and efficiently performing coordinative escort task, in case part of these miniature UAVs are invalid. Finally, three classes of aerial escort task, including the cohesive escort task, the sphere escort task, and the herringbone escort task, are illustrated to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.


In this paper, we propose an improved optical flow algorithm which reduces computational complexity as well as noise level. This algorithm reduces computational time by applying level simplification technique and removes noise by using eigenvectors of objects. Optical flow is one of the accurate algorithms used to generate depth information from two image frames using the vectors which track the motions of pixels. This technique, however, has disadvantage of taking very long computational time because of the pixel-based calculation and can cause some noise problems. The level simplifying technique is applied to reduce the computational time, and the noise is removed by applying optical flow only to the area of having eigenvector, then using the edge image to generate the depth information of background area. Three-dimensional images were created from two-dimensional images using the proposed method which generates the depth information first and then converts into three-dimensional image using the depth information and DIBR(Depth Image Based Rendering) technique. The error rate was obtained using the SSIM(Structural SIMilarity index).


The utility model discloses a wireless stress tester of a hydroelectric generator set, at least comprising a lower-position distribution type collection system (2) for signal acquisition, process and storage, and upper-position and lower-position wireless signal transmission devices (10, 5) for signal transmission; the lower-position distribution type collection system (2) comprises a signal regulator (6) for voltage and current conversion, photoelectric isolation, electrostatic shielding and multistage amplification, a lower-position main controller (7) for processing output signals of the signal regulator (6) and consisting of A/D conversion, data storage and signal wireless transmission, and a precision power supply (9); and the lower-position distribution type collection system is connected with a receiver of the upper-position wireless signal transmission device (5) in an upper-position main controller (4) through an emitter of the lower-position wireless signal transmission device (10) in a wireless data communication manner. The utility model has the advantages of high precision, high accuracy and good time limitation of the acquired data, reasonableness and correctness of the data of an acquisition test, higher success rate of the test, and guaranteed fairness of the tested results.


This paper aims to identify the productive sectors that can be isolated from international competition, analyzing the impact on productivity arising from a trade liberalization process. We focused on the case of Uruguay and select a basket of goods that show signs of not being competitive on a non-national scale and, at the same time, have a protection tool that takes the form of non-tariff barriers. In turn, we analyze the effects of protection on sector productivity through a difference-in-difference approach, finding that domestic protection in a context of economic liberalization has a negative impact on firms' productivity. Finally, a quick analysis from the political economy reveals that there are winners and losers in the process of trade liberalization. This makes the exclusion of sensitive sectors a viable mechanism for an opening that otherwise would not be a political equilibrium.


The present study was based on the multicenter study and retrospective method of 200 patients with intraoral minor salivary gland tumors which were received at the Yonsei university dental hospital, Soonchunhyang Bucheon hospital and Yonsei university Severance hospital from 1990 to 2006. In this study, 61.5% of the cases were benign tumor and 38.5% were malignant tumor. Of the benign tumors, pleomorphic adenoma was the most common benign tumor (n=104) and Warthin's tumor, lymphangioma, myoepithelioma and basal cell adenoma were followed. Of the malignant tumors, adenoid cystic carcinoma was the most common malignant tumor (n=32) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma, metastatic adenocarcinoma and acinic cell carcinoma were followed. The most common primary tumor location was palate. The result of this study was compared with other previous reviews and showed some differences.


When the Faraday method is used for magnetic measurement, errors are sometimes caused by the specimen holder being attracted towards one of the poles and swinging out of the vertical. An analysis of the reasons for these instabilities shows that they will only occur when the downwards force on the suspension due to magnetic effects exceeds a critical value which is the same for paramagnetic and ferromagnetic specimens and may be substantially independent of electromagnet current.


PURPOSE: A car for installing elevator rails is provided to cut down the cost of installation and to improve work efficiency by simplifying the installation process. CONSTITUTION: A car for installing elevator rails comprises a rail installation car(160), a winding machine, a first removable safety apparatus(200), a remote controller, and a second safety apparatus(240). The rail installation car is equipped with guide members(260) for going up and down along rails(140) for guiding an elevator. The rail installation car has an upper and lower workspace(164,166) for a worker. The winding machine is installed to the upper side of an installation space(100) of the elevator. The winding machine lifts the rail installation car by wires depending on applying power sources. The first safety apparatus is coupled with the guide rails according to the push action of a footboard(180) installed on the floor of the workspace. The remote controller performs winding action of the wires by applying power source to the winding machine. The second safety apparatus couples the rail installation car and the guide rails, with sensed by the descending speed when the rail installation car descends freely.


In conventional IBL, a 3-band RGB camera is used for measuring the lighting environment of a scene. Unfortunately, however, the spectral resolution of 3-band cameras is low, and therefore we cannot prevent the occurrence of so-called metamerism in general. Specifically, when two light sources with different spectral distributions are observed by using a 3-band camera, the apparent RGB values of those light sources could be the same. It is also shown that spectral rendering is of critical importance for subsurface scattering, dispersion, and volumetric effects [Wilkie et al. 2014].


At the endof2019, theCOVID-19was rampant and spread rapidly in theworld,which is a global problem to be solved. Patients with the disease have different degrees of respiratory function, physical dysfunction. The Chinese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine points out that respiratory rehabilitation is very important for the recoveryof patients in the process of clinical treatment and after treatment. Thispaper focuseson theclinicopathological characteristics ofCOVID-19 and the feasibilityandproblemsof respiratory rehabilitation. 关键词:新型冠状肺炎;病理学临床学;呼吸康复


Objective To investigate ABCB1 gene C1236 T single nucleotide polymorphisms( SNP) distribution frequencies of Han population in Southern Anhui province and its correlation with lipid levels among dyslipidemia patients. Methods One hundred and ninety-seven patients with abnormal blood lipid and 26 normal controls were enrolled according to the levels of TC,TG,LDL-C and HDL-C. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism( PCRRFLP) was performed to analyze the SNP of C1236 T in ABCB1 gene and genotype,and to compare genotyping distribution frequency between normal controls and patients with abnormal blood lipid. Moreover,the lipid levels among different genotyping were compared in177 dyslipidemia patients whose levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,apo AI,apo B and LP( a)were all checked. Results CC,CT and TT polymorphisms in C1236 T wereobserved in 21,78 and 98 cases of dyslipidemia,respectively,and in 8,8 and 10 cases normal controls,respectively. The difference in the distribution of ABCB1 gene C1236T SNP between dyslipidemia patients and normal controls was significant( χ2= 8. 206,P = 0. 017). However,there was no statistical difference in the lipid levels among the dyslipidemia patients with different genotyping( P 0. 05).Conclusion The SNP frequency distribution of C1236 T in ABCB1 gene is different,but may have no correlation with dyslipidemia of Han population in Southern Anhui province.


Abstract. We are interested in the performance of currently available algorithms for the detection of cracks in the specific context of aerial inspection, which is characterized by image quality degradation. We focus on two widely used families of algorithms based on minimal cost path analysis and on image percolation, and we highlight their limitations in this context. Furthermore, we propose an improved strategy based on a-contrario modeling which is able to withstand significant motion blur due to the absence of various thresholds which are usually required in order to cope with varying crack appearances and with varying levels of degradation. The experiments are performed on real image datasets to which we applied complex blur, and the results show that the proposed strategy is effective, while other methods which perform well on good quality data experience significant difficulties with degraded images.


For two $l$-term arithmetic progressions $P$ and $Q$, we define their pointwise sum $P\oplus Q$ as the $l$-term arithmetic progression whose $i$th term is the sum of the $i$th terms of $P$ and $Q$. So we can talk about finite sums of $l$-term arithmetic progressions. In this paper we give a combination of van der Waerden's theorem and Hindman's theorem by showing that for positive integers $c$ and $l\geq3$, if $\mathbb{N}$ is $c$-colored, then there are infinitely many $l$-term arithmetic progressions $P_i$, $i\in\mathbb{N}$ such that all of their finite sums (with no repetition) are monochromatic with the same color, call it $\gamma$. We can do more by showing that all the common differences of the finite sums of $P_i$ can have also the color $\gamma$, thus a combination of the van der Waerden-Brauer theorem and Hindman's theorem. We also give a tower bound for the finite case of the first mentioned theorem.


Total cross sections for the electron impact ionisation from the 2S state of atomic hydrogen have been calculated in the energy range 5 ·1-68 eV of the incident electron by using a rigorous distorted wave method in which the effects of both the initial and final channel distortions are taken into account. The present results show improved agreement with experimental findings in comparison with other theoretical predictions.


The purpose of this project was to create an interactive game to expose high school students to concepts in laser amplification by demonstrating the National Ignition Facility's main amplifier at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. To succeed, the game had to be able to communicate effectively the basic concepts of laser amplification as accurately as possible and to be capable of exposing as many students as possible. Since concepts need to be communicated in a way that students understand, the Science Content Standards for California Public Schools were used to make assumptions about high school students knowledge of light. Effectively communicating a new concept necessitates the omission on terminology and symbolism. Therefore, creating a powerful experience was ideal for communicating this material. Various methods of reinforcing this experience ranging from color choice to abstractions kept the student focused on the game to maximize concept retention. The program was created in Java to allow the creation of a Java Applet that can be embedded onto a webpage, which is a perfect medium for mass exposure. Because a game requires interaction, the game animations had to be easily manipulated to enable the program to respond to user input. Image sprites, as opposed to more » image folders, were used in these animations to minimize the number of Hypertext Transfer Protocol connections, and thus, significantly reduce the transfer time of necessary animation files. These image sprites were loaded and cropped into a list of animation frames. Since the caching of large transition animations caused the Java Virtual Machine to run out of memory, large animations were implemented as animated Graphics Interchange Format images since transitions require no interaction, and thus, no frame manipulation was needed. This reduced the animation's memory footprint. The first version of this game was completed during this project. Future work for the project could include the creation of focus groups to assess the effectiveness of communicating material through an interactive game. Numerical assessments programmed into the game could also be used to collect statistics that reflect difficulty or level of frustration that students experience. « less


Plant diseases are important to investigate because they cause loss of plant life and product. Various forms of losses can occur in the field, in storage, or at any point between sowing and harvesting. Direct monitory loss and material loss are caused by the diseases. Plant diseases continue to cause agony to untold millions of people around the world, resulting in an estimated annual yield loss of 14% and a global economic loss of $220 billion dollars. Plants were afflicted by several diseases 250 million years ago, according to fossil evidence. The Plant sickness has been linked to a number of significant events in the Earth's history. In this paper, we have analyzed various types of diseases which affects the plants and applied some machine learning classification approaches to plant dataset. Among these classification steps, we identified the percentage of accuracy in each algorithm so that proper approach can be followed to identify the plant diseases at the earlier stage.


Infection process of Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici pathotype 4 was examined on primary seedling leaves of eight wheat genotypes having specific gene(s) for powdery mildew resistance and two commercially grown cvs., in comparison with universal susceptible cv. Agra Local. In incompatible host parasite interactions, conidial germination and appressoriurn formation were less, particularly in Norka x Cc8 (Pm 1). Germtubes appeared weak, shrivelled and distorted in Sappo (Pm 2+4b) and Kronjuwel (Pm 4b+8). Haustorial abortion, less secondary haustoriurn production, and restricted growth of mycelial wefts, with no subsequent conidiophore formation were observed in TP 114 (Pm 2+6). In Norka x Cc8, Sappo and Kronjuwel, development of haustoriurn and elongated secondary hypha was completely absent. In compatible host parasite combinations, the sequence of infection events was similar to the susceptible check, differences were observed in components of rate reducing resistance. Incubation period and latent period were longer in Amigo (Pm 17), HS 240 and HS 295. In CS/Hope (pm 5), Kavkaz (Pm 8), Amigo, and HS 295 colony size and number per unit area and sporulation index were reduced, whereas in Transec (Pm 7) colony size and in HS 240 sporulation index were at par with the susceptible check. Sporulation capacity was also reduced in all the genotypes.


Preliminary results from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite data obtained at National Space Development Agency of Japan (NASDA), Earth Observation Research Center (EORC) are described in this paper. In Part I, Precipitation Radar (PR) standard products, which have been generated operationally, are introduced briefly and its preliminary ground validation results are presented. The PR is the first space-borne precipitation radar that can observe the three-dimensional structure of rainfall over the tropics. In the Ishigaki-Miyako Campaign Experiment for TRMM (IMCET), several simultaneous observations were conducted by the PR, Japan Meterological Agency's (JMA) ground-based radars and an airborne radar (the CRL Airborne Multiparameter Precipitation Radar; CAMPR). Horizontal and vertical patterns of radar reflectivities obtained by those different radars agreed well. In addition to the radar reflectivity, estimated rain rates are compared with rain rates estimated from ground-based radar and rain gauges. Rain rates estimated by the standard algorithm (2A25) appear to be reasonable in spatial patterns, compared with rain rates obtained from Radar-AMeDAS and AMeDAS rain gauges. However, the 2A25 algorithm seems to estimate rain rate lower than rain gauges. Since we do not have enough data in heavy rain cases, validation of rain rates in heavy rain and rain attenuation correction have not been done yet.


Molecular sensor fabrication requires the development of methods to produce nanostructures and transfer them onto useful substrates. This paper will briefly describe methods of patterning and printing of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). HOPG has been patterned at the micron and ∼100 nanometer scale, using oxygen plasma etching and phase-shift lithography, respectively. The micron scale patterned HOPG was exfoliated using a thermal tape printing process, to transfer highly crystalline multi-layer graphene (MLG) constructs onto glass substrates. A soft lithography technique, stamping, was employed to print 100nm wide few layer graphene (FLG) nanowires onto PDMS substrates.


Http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8085.2016v19n1p73 The objective of this study is to analyze the possible factors of the reduction of informality in Brazil in the decade of 2000. The possible factors are grouped into four categories: state regulation and its changes, workers' schooling, economic growth and structural changes. The results indicate a possible explanation for the decline in informality in the level of schooling, in structural changes, and partly in changes in state regulation and taxation. Economic growth does not seem to play an important role in this phenomenon.


The union which was concluded between Sweden and Norway in 1814 was from the Swedish side, meant to be of a permanent character. 'My great ambition', the Swedish king, Carl Johan, declared in 1824, 'is to establish a complete union between Sweden and Norway' and similarity 'in all branches of the internal administration'.1 This wish was shared by the dominant political circles in Sweden; and in Norway, too, strong forces through the most part of the 19th century gave their sup port to the union. Still, it ended in separation. This article aims to shed some light on why it ended this way and discribe certain aspects of the relationship between the two countries up to the breach in 1905. While the Danish king had sided with Napoleon in the last phase of struggle between the then Great Powers, Sweden had thrown its lot in with the opposition and had secured guarantees from Russia and Great Britain that Norway should be given to her provided that Swedish mili tary forces took part in the war against France on the Continent. Carl Johan, one of Napoleon's former generals, who had been elected succes sor to the Swedish throne in 1809, was the principal strategist behind the campaign which led to victory in the decisive battle at Lipsk in Oc tober 1813. In spite of that he had reasons to suspect the Great Powers of wanting to renounce on the promises given to him concerning Norway. This forms the backdrop for his decision to take the matter in his own hands and instead of leading his forces directly south to take part in the final operations against France he turned north and invaded the Danish duchies of Sleswig-Holstein; thus hoping to force the Danish king


The main thermally stimulated luminescence glow peak in irradiated oxyorthosilicates occurs near 360-400 K and has been postulated to comprise an electron trapped at an oxygen vacancy (F+ center). We have used electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy to identify this defect in Ln2SiO5:Ce (Ln = Lu and Y) and show that it consists of a single electron trapped at a non-silicon-bonded oxygen vacancy in both bulk and nanophosphor oxyorthosilicates. Both Lu- and Y-based nanophosphors form seven- and nine-oxygen coordinated structures (P21/c) whereas the bulk phosphors form six- and seven-oxygen coordinated structures (C2/c). In each case the F+ center predominately forms at the larger oxygen site. A typical resonance comprises a single Gaussian line broadened by hyperflne interaction with g-values near the free electron value and hyperflne coupling ~0.4 mT. The F+ center can be annealed and radiation-induced, consistent with the thermally stimulated luminescence glow peak behavior.


The utilization of chelating ion exchange by the method based on binding strength and kinetic discrimination was studied for aluminium speciation in natural waters. Two chelating ion exchangers Iontosorb Oxin and Iontosorb Salicyl, cellulose resins containing covalently bound 8-hydroxyquinoline and salicylic acid functional groups, were used for the determination of reactive aluminium by batch technique. For detection of aluminium species flame atomic absorption spectrometry was used.


13 Abstract 14 15 Nutrient loss from agricultural sources to water continues to be a national challenge. Diffuse 16 pollution from agricultural sources is considered to be the primary cause of slight-to-moderate 17 water pollution in Ireland, but agricultural point sources, such as farmyards, are often not 18 considered due to their scattered spatial distribution and small areal extent. Agricultural point 19 sources tend to be small and localised hot spots of nutrients and, therefore, can be efficiently 20 treated using environmental technologies developed for wastewater and contaminated land 21 treatment. A small area associated with soiled water irrigation, on a 4.27 ha case study site at 22 Teagasc, Johnstown Environmental Research Centre, Ireland, was identified, where 23 groundwater nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) concentration exceeds the maximum admissible 24 drinking water concentration of 11.3 mg N L -1 . A continuous, shallow permeable reactive 25


Mobile fitness applications (apps) allow for time-efficient opportunities for physical activity. Current research suggests that fitness apps do not accurately comply with the frequency, intensity, time, and type (FITT) principle. FITT is an important principle in exercise prescription as it applies scientific evidence to improve the quality of exercise. Based on app assessment using the Fitness Apps Scoring Instrument, most fitness apps adequately address FITT in their exercise plans. In particular, fitness apps do not adequately adhere to the FITT intensity guidelines. Many apps allow the users to track their heart rate as a method of assessing their exercise intensity, but few use that information to provide real-time feedback on the intensity of the workout. For app users, awareness and education of intensity standards should be put forth in coordination with exercise professionals, rather than relying on apps alone.


The article examines the role of in-depth study of forensically important information about the identity of the minor subject, a group committed a crime against sexual integrity, to develop private forensic methods of investigation of these crimes. One of the dominant motivating factors to consider in this aspect of information about the identity of the perpetrator is an underestimation of the number of investigators to establish data on the identity of that person, which implies that a number of gaps in the investigation of such acts.


Received: 20 Jan, 2020 Accepted: 20 Apr, 2020 Abstract Background and Objectives: Nanoparticles have a wide range of applications, such as environmental, pharmaceutical, nutritional, diagnostic and therapeutic, cosmetics, agricultural, energy, textile, and electronics applications. This study aimed to investigate the antiangiogenesis properties of cerium oxide nanoparticles synthesized by green method from Persicaria bistorta Plant. Angiogenesis refers to the process of formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing blood vessels, which is important for the normal growth and development of the body. Persicaria bistorta is a perennial plant that its height is slightly less than 1 m and in some areas is very short and up to 20 cm. One of the distinct characteristics of the plant is its thick underground stem that is cylindral clinging and its outer surface is covered by a lot of beads with medicinal uses.


The three-body Schrodinger operator in the space of square integrable functions is found to be a certain extension of operators which generate the exponential unitary group containing a subgroup with nilpotent Lie algebra of length $\kappa+1$, $\kappa=0,1,...$ As a result, the solutions to the three-body Schrodinger equation with decaying potentials are shown to exist in the commutator subalgebras. For the Coulomb three-body system, it turns out that the task is to solve - in these subalgebras - the radial Schrodinger equation in three dimensions with the inverse power potential of the form $r^{-\kappa-1}$. As an application to Coulombic system, analytic solutions for some lower bound states are presented. Under conditions pertinent to the three-unit-charge system, obtained solutions, with $\kappa=0$, are reduced to the well-known eigenvalues of bound states at threshold.


ObjectiveTo determine hospital mortality, weaning from mechanical ventilation, long-term survival, and functional health status in patients receiving ≥7 days of mechanical ventilation after cardiac surgery. DesignRetrospective chart review and prospective patient interviews. SettingA university-affiliated, tertiary care medical center. PatientsA total of 124 patients that received ≥7 days of mechanical ventilation after cardiac surgery. InterventionsNone. Main Outcome MeasuresHospital and long-term death, liberation from mechanical ventilation, and functional health status. Measurements and Main ResultsA total of 19 (15%) patients died in hospital. Of the 105 survivors, 104 (99%) were completely weaned from mechanical ventilation. Patients who died in the hospital were more likely to have had a preoperative stroke or to have a new postoperative stroke, more likely to have postoperative renal failure, and less likely to have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Kaplan-Meier survival was 59% at 5 yrs and expected median survival was 6.2 yrs. Patients who died anytime after discharge were more likely to have preoperative renal dysfunction or stroke, took longer to be weaned from mechanical ventilation and to be discharged, and were more likely to have postoperative complications such as stroke or renal dysfunction. Also, they were more likely to be too debilitated to walk or eat. By multivariate analysis, admitting creatinine, aortic valve surgery, number of ventilator days, and discharged on tube feedings remained significant predictors of mortality. A total of 40 of 53 survivors were interviewed. Participants were similar to nonparticipants (p > .10 for all characteristics). A few (16%) had limitations of their activities of daily living (eating, dressing, bathing), and most had limitations of moderate activity (60%) and vigorous activity (94%). Only 36% could climb stairs or walk uphill without limitations, 54% could walk a block, and 41% had no limitations in house or job work. Half the participants had no body pain; 38% had moderate and 4% severe pain. Most (59%) described their general health as good to excellent. Only 10% said it was poor. ConclusionPatients' chances of being liberated from mechanical ventilation are excellent. Their long-term survival and health status are good.


Today is the era of information technology. The dependency on technology in all aspects of work and personal life has made the marketers to adopt different means to reach out to their tech savvy consumers. The concept of digital marketing has witnessed an accelerated growth over the past decade. Digital marketing is a technique of marketing which embraces the use of devices such as smart phones, personal computers, tablets and cell phones to connect with customers. The reduced expenses and the eventual high return on investment provided by digital marketing is inducing a larger number of companies to resort to this marketing practice. Small and Medium enterprises who do not have sufficient access to funds to outlay for convention means of promotion such as print, television, personal selling could benefit the most by implementing this technique. Although incorporating digital marketing techniques appears to be very straightforward, for SMEs there are various intricacies and challenges in its adoption. These intricacies emerge on account of the unique business models embraced by the SMEs of diverse sectors.
This research paper highlights the understanding and feasibility of adopting digital marketing techniques by SMEs in India. The outcome of the study presents the benefits that would be conferred on the SMEs in India which would enable them to capitalize on the advantages of digital marketing.


This chapter compares the key characteristics of Switzerland's bilateral agreements with Ukraine's DCFTA with the EU and reveals a significant convergence in their patterns of intergration. The authors argue that the Swiss - EU bilateral mechanism is losing its disctinctiveness, as some ENP countries such as Ukraine, start to benefit from better integration deals with the EU.


Chapter headings: Sustainable Development, Environmental Management. Water, Wastewater and Stormwater Management. Water Quality, Sediment Transport. Total Catchment Management. Waste Management and Industrial By-Products. Geotechnology and the Environment. Slope Stability and Landslide Management. Natural Hazards and Management. Mine Environmental Engineering. Keynote Papers.


The persistence of jaundice beyond the first 2 weeks of life require further investigation and this can be determined if the conjugated bilirubin levels are greater than 1.5 mg/dL or greater than 20% of the total bilirubin level. There is a diverse differential diagnosis for the cause of neonatal cholestasis due to hepatobiliary disease including biliary atresia, which eventually leads to liver cirrhosis if uncorrected before 60∼80 days of life. Long-established initial studies include abdominal ultrasonography, hepatobiliary scintigraphy and liver biopsy, but better diagnostic methods are needed. Promising new options are described including MRCP (magnetic resonance cholangiography), ERCP (endoscopic retrograde cholangiography), and PCC (percutaneous cholecysto-cholangiography). Though no single test can differentiate biliary atresia from other neonatal cholestasis with confidence, a combination of diagnostic methods is usually consistently beneficial. By excluding biliary atresia as early as possible, the risk of unnecessary explolaparotomy with intraoperative cholangiography is decreased. Further evaluation would be required for the diagnosis of neonatal cholestasis after excluding biliary atresia. (Korean J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2011; 14: 122∼129)


Fatigue crack propagation (FCP) studies were conducted on a series of Y/Y'-6 (Ni-Nb-Al) alloys by subjecting then to cyclic four-point bending loads at room temperature. The aluminum contents of the alloys investigated ranged from 1.5X to 2.5Z by weight, with the niobium contents adjusted to maintain controlled eutectic microatructures. In addition to studies of as grown alloys, heat treatments were performed on several of the alloys to determine what effect the resultant change in microstructure would have on FCP behavior. -6 —3 Crack growth rates from 10 to 10 mm/cycle were recorded as a function of the crack tip stress intensity factor range. The growth rates for the heat treated alloys were comparable to the as grown FCP behavior. Comparison with other published results indicated that the addition of aluminum was beneficial to FCP resistance, although the level of aluminum addition (within the investigated range of 1.5 to 2.57. by weight) did not influence the crack growth rates. Based on a comparison with previously reported results, chromium additions were seen to have a detrimental effect on FCP behavior. Fractographic studies revealed the superior fatigue behavior of the y/y'-b eutectic composite to be a result of extensive grain boundary delamination at the crack tip.


OBJECTIVES
Narrow-diameter implants (NDIs) are used in severely resorbed mandibles. The reduced implant diameter means a reduction in the total contact surface between the implant and bone. The question arises whether the implant can be sufficiently osseointegrated to withstand loading forces. If not, marginal bone loss can result from overload. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare clinical and radiographic measurements and patient satisfaction of NDIs with those of regular-diameter implants (RDIs) placed in edentulous patients to support an overdenture via either a ball or a locator connection.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
Retrospectively over a 7-year period, a total 119 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were selected for this study. The patients received two 3.3- or 4.1-mm-diameter standard titanium implants in the mandible to support an overdenture. At maintenance examinations after 1 and 3 years, clinical peri-implant and prosthetic conditions, marginal bone (MB) and patient satisfaction were investigated.

RESULTS
None of the 238 implants were lost during the 3-year follow-up period. Overall MB loss was statistically higher in the NDI group when compared with the RDI group. At the site level, a greater MB loss was observed at the distal side of both implant types. Implants with a locator showed significantly greater MB loss (0.38 mm) compared with the implants with a ball attachment (0.14 mm) over the two-year evaluation period (P = 0.006). Patient satisfaction significantly favoured the NDI (8.3) and the locator attachment (8.6).

CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that during the first three years after implantation, NDIs were associated with more marginal bone loss compared with RDIs. Regardless of implant diameter, the locator attachment showed more marginal bone loss over time compared with the ball attachment.


Description of photographs of Felix and Manuela Arlacon Aguilar on their engagement and wedding day in 1928 and 1929 in Presidio, Texas. Written by Robert Prieto for a history class at Marfa High School in 1975.


Below, it is presented the design of a Digital Publicity Plan, in order to position in the voters mind, BIEN, a political organization, and to promote the political activism within people from 15 to 30 years old. BIEN, is a political movement, conformed by young and entrepreneur leaders, who want to change the negative beliefs and prejudices that have been formed towards politics in Ecuador in order to construct a real citizens meeting where the political, social, economic and cultural proposals emerge from its best human resource: young people. For the purpose of this thesis, it was made a purely qualitative research, through focus groups discussions, which let young people express themselves spontaneously. Insights, concepts and motivations were the result of this research, which leaded this proposal to determine a direct and appropriate political message, and to establish the best ways for its communication and reception...


Simple Summary Convenient, fast, and high-quality nucleic acid extraction methods are urgently needed in molecular diagnostic testing for viral pathogens in aquaculture. We developed a viral DNA extraction method from diseased tissues and cells using the Chelex 100 resin solution workflow. The only extraction reagents required are the Chelex 100 resin and phosphate-buffered saline. The whole extraction process only takes about 15 min from the tissue homogenate to obtain the DNA. The concentration of extracted DNA is at least 100 ng/µL. This methodology has clear benefits in terms of cost and time saving compared to the commercial kit extraction for aquatic animal DNA virus determination by PCR in the laboratory. In addition, the simplified method using Chelex 100 resin with a pH value of 10–11 presented excellent results in PCR application and could be a standard for the DNA extraction for DNA virus testing in the future. Abstract Molecular diagnostic testing for viral pathogens is crucial in aquaculture. The efficient and convenient preparation of pathogenic microbial nucleic acids is the basis of molecular diagnosis. Here, we developed a simplified deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extraction method from aquatic animal DNA viruses using the Chelex 100 resin. The nucleic acid was extracted from infected tissues and cell culture for the detection of three common aquatic viral pathogens (CEV, CyHV-2, and GSIV). We compared the extraction effects of a current commercial kit extraction method and the Chelex 100 resin extraction method according to nucleic acid concentration, conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and digital droplet PCR (ddPCR). The results indicated that both extraction procedures could obtain high-quality nucleotide samples. Extracting DNA using the Chelex 100 resin led to better detective efficiency for ddPCR molecular diagnostic testing. The whole process took less than 20 min, and only Chelex 100 resin solution was added to the tissues or cells without multiple tubes being transferred several times. The extracted DNA concentration and the detection sensitivity were high. These results indicated that the Chelex 100 resin solution has the advantages of speed, efficiency, and economy compared to the commercial kit. In addition, the higher pH value (10–11) of the Chelex 100 resin solution markedly improved the detection sensitivity compared to a lower pH value (9–10). In conclusion, the comparison of the Chelex 100 Resin and commercial viral DNA extraction kits revealed the good performance of the Chelex 100 resin solution at pH 10–11 in DNA extraction for PCR amplification from aquatic animal viral samples of tissues and cells in molecular diagnostic testing. It is both rapid and cost-effective.


This paper describes an FPGA and distributed RAM architecture for an image pixel processor implementing primary elements of an object detection system. A comparison of the system performance with existing DSP processor-based alternatives is detailed. An implementation using the RC1000-PP FPGA-based development platform and Handel-C hardware programming language is outlined. A system architecture is proposed for an image pixel processor for elements of a machine vision based object detection system.


The rapid growth of urban populations creates challenges for food production. One solution that is potentially more sustainable than current methods is localized production, in particular food production by individuals at home. Growing food at home is possible, but it is a process that requires motivation, knowledge and skills. Here, we present the design of a sensor platform aimed at helping individuals in urban environments grow food at home by informing them about the needs of their plants and, based on urban farming practices, by connecting them with a network of growers to share knowledge and produce.


The vehicle propulsion assembly (10) comprises an IC engine, a gearbox (200) coupled to a crankshaft via a clutch, and an electrical machine (100) having a stator (110) and rotor (120) fitted between the clutch and the input shaft to the gearbox. The alternator has a flange (111) rigidly fixed to the clutch housing (201) of the gearbox and centered so as to allow coaxial mounting of the gearbox and electrical machine. The flange has a first collar (111d) on its periphery, which positions and holds the alternators stator. The flange has a second collar (111e) on an intermediate radius which positions the rotor (120) with respect to the stator (110). The flange has a central slot (111c) which allows centering of a clutch stop (318) in the stator (110), the stop presses against the front face of the flange. The electrical machine is used braking synchronizers or actuating the gearbox input shaft for gear changing.


ABSTRACTA fast clustering algorithm designed to mine facets from text was tested using several corpora containing different types of text including technical textbooks, a cookbook, web blogs, Wikipedia articles, and electronic mails. A "facet" is an aspect of a topic. For example the following sets would be reasonable facets in a cooking domain: ingredients (e.g. apples, cayenne pepper, chocolate), utensils (e.g. egg slicer, funnel, grater, potato masher), processes (e.g. basting, poaching, pressure cooking), etc. Several studies, have shown that interfaces that present results organized into categories or faceted hierarchies meaningful to users may help them make sense of their information problem as well as the information system itself. The algorithm studied here is based on the hypothesis that multi-word terms that appear in a similar grammatical context are likely to belong to the same facet. The results show a difference in performance of the algorithm depending on the kind of text. Text that tends to be more structured, such as a Java textbook, or Wikipedia articles, results in a larger number of the facets generated by the algorithm being judged useful by experts. Text that tends to be less structured and informal, such as blogs and email, results in less facets judged useful by experts.INTRODUCTIONThis paper describes tests of an algorithm called Fast Facet Identifier (FFID) described first in (Perez-Carballo, 2009). The tests presented here are intended to determine how well this algorithm performs with different kinds of documents.The Fast Facet Identifier (FFID) AlgorithmFFID (Fast Facet Identifier) is an algorithm designed to find facets in large collections of documents. In that paper it was reported that: a) FFID discovered sets of facets from large corpora in a short time, and b) the facets discovered by FFID could be useful when building ontologies, as well as user interfaces designed to help users browse large collections of information.Definition of a FacetA "facet" is an aspect of a topic (Anderson and Perez-Carballo, 2005). Consider the following example taken from (Perez-Carballo, 2009). The following would be reasonable sets of facets in a collection of documents containing cooking recipes. Each set has a name or label (e.g. "ingredients") and members (e.g. apples, cayenne pepper, chocolate). Other facet sets in this domain would be: utensils (e.g. egg sheer, funnel, grater, potato masher), processes (e.g. basting, poaching, pressure cooking), dishes (e.g. ajiaco, bengal potatoes, bhuna khichuri, blackeyed peas, kale), herbs (e.g. basil, chicory, dill), etc.The Usefulness of FacetsTraditional library classifications have always been based on facets. Ranganathan (1892- 1972) described a facet system in the 1930s (Svenonius, 1992; Anderson and Perez-Carballo, 2005). A faceted hierarchical classification uses a set of category hierarchies (instead of only one). Each hierarchy corresponds to a different facet (dimension or property). Any topic can be described specifying each of the relevant facets. For example: look for all cooking recipes that involve facet ingredient "chicken", and facet process "grilled", and facet cuisine "Spanish". Several researchers (English et al., 2002; Yee et al, 2003; Stoica et al., 2007, Hearst, 2006; Venkatsubramanyan & Perez-Carballo, 2007) have tested interfaces that use facets in order to support information exploration and browsing. Such tests have shown that user interfaces based on facets allow users to build much more effective queries, as well as support more effective browsing tools.FFID: A Good tool to Find FacetsFFID finds good facets and it does it fast. A good facet discovering system should be able to identify multi-word terms such as "bengal potatoes" and "bhuna khichuri", decide that they belong in the same facet set, and determine a useful label for the set. In the case of the two previous multi-word terms a useful label could be "dishes". …


Evaluation of the productivity of nine strawberry cultivars in Bauru, Sao Paulo – Brazil. This paper evaluated technologically nine strawberry cultivars in Bauru (SP) by considering their qualities regarding taste and fruit resistance. The experimental design was of randomized blocks with nine cultivars (Camarosa, Campinas, Dover, Oso Grande, Pelican, Seascape, Sweet Charlie, Toyonoka e Tudla) in three repetitions. The parcels consisted of 20 useful plants in 4 lines of 5, with 540 seedlings. The harvests happened from the 2 nd half of June to the 1 st half of October/2002, with a total up of 47 harvests. The analysis of concentration of soluble solid were realized every fortnight from the 1 a harvest. Three pH and two texture analysis were realized. Toyonoka presented the best taste for in nature market. Dover and Pelican had the most acid pH, indicating to be appropriated for manufacturing. Seascape, Dover, Oso Grande and Sweet Charlie were considered firm fruits, indicating the best resistance to transportation.


In this work, we investigated the temperature dependence on the water transport coefficient for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE). The experimental parameters varied between 40 and 80 °C at a current density of 1 A cm-2
 geo and ambient pressure. The water crossover to the cathode was measured by cooling the exhaust and weighing the liquid fraction over 4 hours under steady conditions. The remaining water vapor from the gaseous fraction was taken into account by the temperature-dependent vapor pressure curve. The resulting data of the water crossover [mg cm-2
 geo min-1] depends on the temperature, time and current density applied. The main driving force of the water crossover is the proton flux through the membrane and can be established by fitting the data of the relative changes in water mass over time with a linear function. For now, the water diffusion which has a minor contribution is not considered. Our results reveal that the water transport coefficient derived from the proton flux increases from 2.4 at 40 °C to 3.1 at 80 °C (growth of +29%). In summary, we have developed a method to more accurately determine the water transport coefficient, which is very useful in modeling the water crossover in PEMWE.


In this study,two identification methods were used on polysomaty analysis of yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco).In the first method,we took blood samples from the tail vein,and after PI staining we detected nuclear DNA relative quantity by flow cytometry in 14 fish.The results showed that DNA relative quantity of 8 fish were 1.5 times larger than normal diploid and proved that they were triploid.The chromosome number of the same sample was also determined by the PHA colchicine hypotonic-air drying technique.Eight fish were found triploid,the same results as which by flow cytometry.By comparison of these two identification methods,we found that in the research of polyploid breeding,especially under the condition that the induction ratio of polyploid is not high,polysomaty analysis by flow cytometry is an efficient,accurate and rapid way,and it can avoid killing fish and can choose polyploid fry in batch.


This function integrates the function F over the N-dimensional cube with sides (-1,1) using the method of Sag and Szekeres (1). M represents the number of intervals each side is divided into for the integration. The function operates on M points at a time. Thus F must have an argument which is an NxM matrix, the columns of which represent points in N-space, and return a result which is an M-vector. A function returning the hyperbolic tangent is required: the one given will not give DOMAIN ERROR for the '*' primitive.


Recommendation systems are widely used to cope with the problem of information overload and, consequently, many recommendation methods have been developed for the present recommendation systems, such as content-based, collaborative filtering, Web mining-based and so on. But they are always lack of intelligence, self-adaptiveness and initiative. Aiming at these disadvantages, in this work, a personalized recommendation system (APRS) is presented with multi-agents based on Web intelligence though. This paper discusses the system structure of APRS at first. In addition, it discusses the functions of every component and the operating process in the system. This recommendation system allows multiple recommendation methods to cooperate with one another to present their best recommendations to the user, can meet the needs of multiple recommendation, and the Internet will appear some intelligent in the view of users.


This article examines the translations and mistranslations of some of the popular political terms by offering an analysis of the famous quotations and authorized publications. The authors strive to make distinctions between the right interpretations and the wrong ones, at the same time advising solutions for the better performance in English translation of new political terms.


Mother to child HIV transmission (MTCT) accounts for the majority of the paediatrics HIV-1 infections. Long and short term treatment of HIV-positive pregnant mother with ARV regimen has been reported to reduce MTCT rate by 70%. However, the current effect of ARVs on CD4 count and prevalence of MTCT of HIV needs to be established in an effort to completely eradicate MTCT of HIV. This study investigated the effects of triple ARV regimen on the CD4 count of HIV-positive pregnant mothers and the outcome of HIV-status of their infants at Kenyatta National Hospital, in Nairobi County. One hundred seventeen 117 HIV-1 infected pregnant mothers were enrolled in the study. A single-arm study design was used. Social demographic characteristics and knowledge of HIV, ARV and MTCT of HIV data was collected using structured questionnaires. Baseline CD4 count was determined at enrolment. HIV-1 infected pregnant mothers were treated with triple ARV regimen (3CT, d4T and NVP) from the range of 5-7 months gestation age to six weeks after delivery. CD4 count and viral load were determined at delivery (36 wks gestation). Infants were treated with a single dose of Nevirapine from birth to six weeks after delivery. Infant's blood sample was collected at six week and PCR test done to determine their HIV-status. Results showed a highly significant statistical relationship between ARVs and CD4 cell count at delivery (t = 9.82; df=111; p 80%) and there was a highly statistical relationship between knowledge and level of education of the respondents (x 2 =39; df=3; p<0.0001). Antiretroviral drugs should be made more accessible and affordable to HIVpositive pregnant women as they are highly effective in controlling MTCT of HIV-1.


The research on destruction of gaseous coal is a hot spot in the fields of mechanics and mining engineering.It shows that a large amount of macroscopic beddings and joints were contained in gassy coal,the positions of which have influence on tensile strength.So the tensile strength of gassy coal which was fed from the same place has great difference.Hoek law in gassy coal compression strength was satisfied till collapsing pressure.The deformation of gassy coal under compression stress is composed of two parts,one of which is the change of shape and volume of gassy coal under pressure,the other of which is the deformation caused by the gradually closed internal failure under the compression stress.Residual deformation always exists when gassy coal was loaded,and the litter the strength of gassy coal was,the larger residual deformation was.The cohesion of gassy coal tested is about 2.5MPa,and internal friction angle is approximately 32°.


The radio frequency interference has become a rising problem to the signal of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Many researchers have analyzed the impact of interferences, and the effective Carrier-to-Noise density ratio (C/N0) of receivers after post-correlation has been deduced in theory. However, few outdoor tests have been done to verify the theory of jamming impact because it is illegal to broadcast high-power interference in open area. In this paper, an outdoor experiment as well as the data analysis is presented to compare the performances of GNSS signals under jamming with their theoretical performances, including the signals of Global Position System and BeiDou system. The real data result shows that the software defined receiver can maintain its tracking loop under the Jamming-to-Signal power ratio up to 45dB in the test condition, and the descending trend of real data C/N0 matches the theoretical curve of effective C/N0.


This article explores the nature of managerial commitment to such strategic changes as downsizing and quality improvement. Its purpose is to develop a theoretical framework of managerial commitment. Findings from a qualitative study are presented resulting in the classification of commitment in two dimensions: reward‐based and trust‐based commitments. A theoretical typology of the four types of managerial commitment is developed based on the dimensions: passive, calculative, trustful, and balanced types of commitment. The article argues that the general assumptions in commitment literature that people need material, social or psychological incentives and rewards which facilitate identification with an organization are one‐sided. It proposes that much more emphasis should be put on studying trust‐based commitment and elements affecting it for both economic and ethical reasons than prior research has done.


There is a need for a reliable and cost-effective molecular diagnostic assay for the diagnosis of TORCH [Toxoplasma gondii, Other (Varicella-Zoster virus and Parvovirus B19), Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus, and Herpes Simplex virus] infections. This would enable early and precise detection of pathogens even in a very low copy number. However, the selection of genomic target, specimen matrix, and different PCR methods can significantly affect the sensitivity and specificity of TORCH molecular detection. This review aimed to provide a comparative analysis of clinical sample types, target nucleotide sequences, and PCR detection approaches for molecular detection of TORCH organisms. This review will aid in the development of a sensitive molecular assay for quick and precise detection of TORCH organisms.


The high failure rate of infrastructures around the world is alarming, most especially when such failures constrain economic growth and development. In most cases, existing institutions or strategi...


Thank you for downloading faith enacted as history essays in biblical theology. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have search numerous times for their favorite readings like this faith enacted as history essays in biblical theology, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some infectious virus inside their laptop.


Production line's balance refers to averaging the all processes of the production,adjusting the workloads,and formulating reasonable operating time to enable working time of each processes as close as possible and thus to solve workload imbalance existing in all processes.Taking the remanufacturing of automotive engine block as the research object,and through the modeling and simulating of simulation software ProModel,this paper makes the sensitivity analysis on uncertain factors under two different situations.


The invention three degrees of freedom related to a haptic controller and a device control system using the same, to enable the base part, one end of the support coupled to the base portion upper surface, a steering hwilbu coupled to the other end of the support rotation is to allow, rotation the first handle portion coupled to one end of the steering wheel part, rotating the part 2 the handle is connectable to the other end of the steering wheel unit to the steering hwilbu, the first handle portion, at least one of the second handle portion of the to transmit information about the position and orientation to the computer, and receives the device control commands and feedback reflected command from the computer to the steering hwilbu, the first handle portion, wherein at least one of the two finger grip so that the user can detect Station by transmitting the feedback feeling to the user by providing a haptic controller, a controller for controlling To feel the dynamic driving comfort, and also has an effect of enabling accurate control slave device by transmitting the cornering feeling to the user.


Purpose: To investigate the effects of high glucose (HG) and dexamethasone (DEX) on the survival and permeability of trabecular meshwork cells (HTMC), and associated changes in tight junctions. Methods: Primary cultured HTMC were exposed to 5 mM low glucose (LG) or 25 mM HG with or without 1.0 μM DEX for 3 days. The permeability of the HTMC monolayer was assessed using carboxyfluorescein or transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER). Gene and protein expressions of claudin-5 and occludin were assessed with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot, respectively. Results: HG was significantly associated with greater HTMC monolayer permeability compared to LG by both the carboxyfluorescein permeability test and TEER (p = 0.022, 0.028). HG also decreased claudin-5 and occludin mRNA expression, respectively (7.5%, 12.9%). DEX abolished HG-induced increased permeability, and increased the protein expression of claudin-5 and occludin, respectively (p = 0.015, 0.012). Conclusions: In HTMCs, DEX reversed HG-induced permeability increase. DEX increased tight junction molecules claudin-5 and occludin. Thus, DEX-induced changes in junctional proteins could be another mechanism of increased resistance through the trabecular meshwork and may result in steroid-induced glaucoma. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2018;59(3):252-260


The surface of the mammalian erythrocyte has been more studied, by a greater variety of methods, and on the whole with greater success than that of any other cell. There are two chief reasons why it has received so much attention. The first is that it can be physically separated from the cell contents in a manner that is unique among cells. The second is that suspensions of erythrocytes have certain optical properties that are peculiarly favorable for exact experimental work. Both peculiarities of the erythrocyte are connected with its high degree of specialization for gas transport in the body. In it, internal structures have been reduced to a minimum, and one internal constituent, hemoglobin, has been increased to a maximum. In hemolysis, the hemoglobin escapes from the cell, and little is left but a ghost-like and doubtless somewhat modified cell surface. Erythrocyte "ghosts," suitably purified and concentrated, have been extensively studied by chemical, optical, electrical, and immunological methods. Furthermore, when the erythrocyte loses its hemoglobin, it becomes almost completely transparent. This loss can be brought about by various alterations of its surface, and special optical methods which are both simple and accurate are, therefore, available for the investigation of surface changes that lead to hemolysis. Similar methods can also be used to study the non-hemolytic volume changes associated with the passage of solutes in either direction through the cell surface. Not the least of the advantages of the erythrocyte for such studies is the fact that the results obtained with it are usually statistical beyond the wildest dreams of the biometrician. Only rarely does an experiment on the erythrocyte involve the use of less than a quarter of a billion of individual cells, i .e. , the number contained in one drop of human blood. By the isolation and study of erythrocyte ghosts, important information has been obtained about the general characteristics of its surface. Since I have done little work of my own in this field, I shall merely summarize very briefly some of the more important conclusions arrived at by other workers. The erythrocyte ghost has the characteristics of a non-liquid membrane, of the order of perhaps 100 I or a little more, in thickness. It contains most of the cell lipids: approximately sufficient in quantity to form a bimolecular layer: and large amounts of protein of a rather peculiar nature,6' 6 together with blood-group substances' and other chemical materials. It has a high electrical resistance and a large electrical capacity.s Dr. Waugh, in the following paper, will discuss its very interesting optical properties. For our present purposes, it is sufficient to note that according to Schmitt and his co-workersg 8 lo it behaves as if it contained radially arranged lipidlike molecules and tangentially arranged protein elements.


Abstract Job satisfaction plays a significant role in the success of higher educational institutions. It boosts the skills and abilities of academic employees. However, there are few studies on academic employees' job satisfaction in higher education institutions in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Previous studies also did not examine and discuss comparing job satisfaction among academic employees between private and public sector universities in Ethiopia in general and Addis Ababa in particular. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the job satisfaction of academic employees between private and public sector universities in Addis Ababa. A quantitative research approach with a descriptive survey research design was used. Full-time academic employees were the study population.The study used a self-administered structured questionnaire to collect data from 319 respondents selected by a proportional stratified random sampling method in private and public universities. The data were analyzed by mean, one sample t-test, and independent samples t-test at p < 0.05. The findings of this study indicated that academic employees in higher education institutions in Addis Ababa were dissatisfied with their jobs, except for the work itself. Concerning the employment sector, this study also showed that academic employees were satisfied with pay and supervision in private universities. Academic employees in public universities, however, were satisfied with job security. Based on the findings, this study recommended further research relevant to the issue under investigation to provide directions for policy amendment and implications for practice.


There are demands from a range of government and community stakeholders for recording customary land and its ownership in the Solomon Islands. It is apparent that the existing acts and procedures are inadequate for recording or enabling efficient registration of customary land. New legislation may be necessary or amendments to the existing Land and Titles Act could possibly better facilitate registration, and permit 'whole of land' administration under one act. What is important to consider is an appropriate form of recognition and recording. The Tribal Lands Unit within the Ministry of Lands, Housing and Survey has responsibility for customary land recording, but is inadequately resourced to cope with the current and anticipated demands. Activities in an ongoing Australian project could support the unit in finalising procedures for recording and the formal recognition by government of land boundaries and custodianship, which could in itself have major social and economic benefits. A pilot project underway in the Auluta Basin has begun to demonstrate and define procedures for establishing boundaries of customary land, and confirming ownership claims through formalising processes of recording genealogies. These procedures need to be tested in areas with different traditions of custodianship to refine a functional process. The procedures will be essential steps towards formal registration of customary titles under existing law, should landowners wish to proceed to that. Formal recognition by Government of agreed customary land boundaries and associated traditional owners may be sufficient for economic purposes, without the need to proceed to registration. An appropriate objective now would be to design an agreed form of recording customary land and its custodians that may be held in either a provincial or national register.


—The formulation of service rules is an important issue in queueing theory research. Different queueing rules have a direct impact on the efficiency of the queueing system and customer satisfaction. This paper mainly studies the queueing system index of two identical service desks of customer classifi-cation service system. Based on the queueing system theory of single service desk and multiple service desks, the main queueing index of the system such as average queue length and average waiting time is obtained. Through numerical analysis, the two service modes of customer classification service and customer non-classification service are compared, and it is found that there are obvious differences in system operation indexes of different service modes. Under a reasonable classification strategy, customer classification service can improve system operation efficiency.


J.H.Fabre was a famous entomologist of France in 19th century.He observed behavior and habitation of many insects,such as dung beetles,cicadas,mantis,fireflies,grasshoppers,wasp,crickets,peacock moth and bees,and subtly delineated instinct all his life.Fabre's monumental works,`Souvenirs Entomologiques',exerted a tremendous influence in the world.He has won `insect's Homer'.His works had been translated in Chinese edition of varied kinds which push forward popular science in our country.


Objective: To describe the echocardiographic and anatomical signs that identify the presence of levoatrial vein as anomaly associated to a hypoplastic left chambers heart syndrome. Method: We performed detailed echocardiographic study of the fetal heart to pregnant woman in the second trimester, with ATL (HDI 5000) equipment, of American manufacture, using 3Mhz transducer, emphasizing on extended view of the three vessels. The pregnant woman chose the interruption of pregnancy. Results: In addition to the diagnosis of a hypoplastic left chambers heart syndrome was evidenced the presence of a fourth vessel to the left of the pulmonary artery; overlaying color Doppler to two-dimensional image was revealed a retrograde flow into the superior vena cava. Conclusion: The levoatrial vein, rare variant of venous return, can be diagnosed during fetal life.


In the past, the practice of symptom validity assessment (SVA) in European countries was considerably lagging behind developments in North America, with the topic of malingering being largely taboo for psychological and medical professionals. This was being changed in the course of the past decade with a growing interest in methods for the assessment of negative response bias. European estimates of suboptimal test performance in civil and social forensic contexts point at base rates similar to those obtained in North America. Symptom over-reporting and underperformance in neuropsychological examinations appear to occur in a sizable proportion of patients. Although there is considerable progress in establishing SVA as an integral and indispensable part of psychological and neuropsychological assessment in some countries, others appear to lag behind. In some countries there is still enormous resistance against SVA from part of the neuropsychological and psychiatric communities.


The thesis is focused on a relatively neglected topic of illustrated corporate identity. In the theoretical part are briefly described the basic characteristics of illustration in gen-eral. Below are examples of current companies that have chosen their visual style in the illustrated form. At the end of the theoretical work, all the requirements of the visual brand identity are written together with other additional topics such as packaging design and graphic elements in the sales environment. The practical part uses all these facts in prac-tice. The result of the work will be a complete visual style of real young brands, which should maximally support the success of the whole business plan.


In molecular biology there is much interest in various types of relationships between genes. Due to the complexity and rapid development of this field, much of this knowledge exists only in free-text form. A database of relationships between genes may allow background knowledge to be used in computerised analyses. As far as we know, no comprehensive manually cured database of this kind exists, and constructing and maintaining such a database manually would be very labour-intensive. Efficient automated methods for extraction and structuring of relationships between genes from free-text would be valuable. A database named PubGene has previously been created and it contains a comprehensive network of human genes created by automated extraction of co-occurrence of gene terms in over 10 million MEDLINE records. Co-occurring genes were linked together under the hypothesis that two genes will co-occur only if they have some biological relationship. In this paper, we show that for the subset of human genes encoding enzymes, pairs of co-occurring enzyme genes are significantly more closely related biologically than when these genes are compared randomly. Manual inspection, however, shows that some of the links in PubGene are not correct and it also indicates how the noise can be reduced. We propose a complementary method for automated extraction of relationships between genes by use of information from the Science Citation Index (SCI) database. We relate two genes if they have been co-referred, that is, having reference articles being co-cited in a third article. The alternative approach confirms relationships found in PubGene, and it also finds other relevant relationships. Although further experiments are 1 Knowledge Systems Group, Department of Computer and Information Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. email@example.com, email@example.com. 2 Molecular Biology, AstraZeneca R&D Molndal, S-431 83 Molndal, Sweden. firstname.lastname@example.com, email@example.com. † These authors contributed equally


Previous studies have shown that protein is more satiating than carbohydrate or fat, although the precise mechanisms are unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of liquid preloads with different whey protein content on subjective ratings of appetite and metabolic profile.


Sewerage systems consist of several different parts, components and materials. Many of them are metallic structures, such as pumps, valves, ladders and wells, which are necessary for the proper operation of wastewater transport systems. Wastewater pipelines can be a highly corrosive environment, mainly due to the presence of biogenic sulfuric acid. In the present study, seven magnesium hydroxide and one magnesium oxide materials were used as protective coatings applied onto the surface of certain stainless steel and mild steel specimens against sulfuric acid corrosion. The coated specimens were subjected to accelerated sulfuric acid spraying tests and their behavior was evaluated by using optical observation, mass measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. According to the results, the coating prepared from a magnesium hydroxide powder with relatively low specific surface area and smaller particle size was optimal for the protection of the examined steel specimens.


Three Dutch GPs are calling on doctors not to prescribe Novartis products in protest at the Swiss based pharmaceutical company's "information campaign" urging people with onychomycosis, or ringworm of the nails, to visit their GP.

In a row reflecting concerns across Europe, Dutch doctors and the government's advertising code commission had criticised the Novartis campaign, claiming that it promotes the company's prescription only product terbinafine (Lamisil). The Dutch Society of General Practitioners shares the concern that such information campaigns are an unnecessary burden, threatening the efficiency of prescribing and focusing attention on unimportant …


Responding to the financial crisis of 2008, Congress passed the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act ("Dodd-Frank Act") to "provide for financial regulatory reform" and to "protect consumers and investors[.]" Section 951 of the Dodd-Frank Act ("Section 951") requires publicly-traded companies to hold non-binding shareholder votes on executive compensation. These non-binding votes are often called "Say-on-Pay" votes.
This paper presents original empirical research suggesting that shareholders and proxy advisors fail to consider portfolio incentives when making Say-on-Pay decisions. It then argues that when deciding how to vote in Say-on-Pay, shareholders should consider portfolio incentives, which economists regard as the most important measure of pay-for-performance. Similarly, it also argues that proxy advisors – who advise shareholders how to vote on various matters, including Say-on-Pay – should also consider portfolio incentives when issuing their recommendations. This paper further argues that, to make it easier for shareholders and proxy advisors to consider portfolio incentives, regulators should require improved disclosure of executives' stock ownership.


Abstract The X-ray crystal structures of helical tubulate inclusion compounds of the diol host 1 reveal considerable variation in canal size depending on the specific guest entrapped. Examination of this data reveals how such flexibility is achieved through changes in the host orientation and hydrogen bonding angles. The sum of these effects makes 1 a potent inclusion host for a wide range of small molecules and depends little on the guest functional group. Representative helical tubulate stoichiometries, packing, and interactions are explored. The guest-free diol exists with the same lattice type as an empty microporous solid.


This study aims to determine: there is a significant effect of the family environment on the achievement of learning mathematics students of class VII SMP Negeri 5 Kota Kupang academic year 2016/2017, there is a significant effect of school environment on the achievement of learning mathematics students VII SMP Negeri 5 Kota Kupang academic year 2016/2017, and there is significant effect between family environment and school environment on mathematics learning achievement of students of class VII SMP Negeri 5 Kota Kupang academic year 2016/2017. The type of research used is quantitative research with statistical analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis.
Population in this research is all class VII of SMP Negeri 5 Kota Kupang with research sample consist of 2 classes taken randomly using random sampling technique. Data collection techniques used questionnaires that have been tested for validity and reliability as well as test results taken from the results of the middle of the second semester test class VII class samples. Prior to performing statistical analysis, prerequisite testing was performed which included normality test, linearity test, and multicolinearity test. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 22 for windows and manual analysis as comparison.
Based on data analysis, it is found that there is no significant effect between family environment and school environment on mathematics learning achievement of VII students of SMP Negeri 5 Kota Kupang. It was proved by the value of Fhitung: 0.842 > Ftabel: 3.15, then thank Ho. It can be concluded that there is no effect between family environment and school environment on mathematics learning achievement of students of grade VII SMP Negeri 5 Kota Kupang academic year 2016/2017.


The use of wireless communication systems in industrial environments is gaining international importance. The requirements, which are placed thereby on the communication systems, are manifold depending on the specific use. In the field of industrial manufacturing, however, many applications are characterized by high reliability requirements and hard real-time demands. The latter requires a time-deterministic handling of processed transmissions and therefore requires the use of Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) solutions. In this paper, we briefly describe which functionalities characterize a wireless TSN system and which approaches have already been pursued in the literature and standardization. Subsequently, we present a concept for a toolbox that allows one to combine the required functionalities into a working solution, which can be used as a guideline for software-based implementation. Additionally, since reliability of transmissions is one of the key challenges, especially in wireless communication, to achieve a performance comparable to wired systems, we provide some further design considerations to improve.


Vacuum alumina condensates are prepared by electron-beam (at different deposition rates) and pulsed-laser vapor deposition onto polycrystalline molybdenum substrates heated over a wide temperature range. X-ray and electron diffraction and scanning and transmission electron microscopy are used to examine the phase composition, microstructure, and surface morphology of the vacuum condensates. The dependence of the condensate structure on the temperature and deposition rate is established. The experimental data are explained by vapor → crystal or vapor → liquid → crystal vacuum condensation mechanisms depending on the evaporation method. The results permit choosing optimal parameters for the deposition of condensates with needed properties.