This article describes a 2-stage scrubbing process which utilizes sodium hydroxide or sodium carbonate as the neutralizing chemical for sulfur dioxide and sulfur trioxide emissions to remove contaminants from gas streams preceding CO2 absorption processes.

Amine absorption processes are adversely affected by sulfur dioxide in the gas stream, and it is desirable to reduce sulfur dioxide concentrations to less than 5 ppm (vol).

Conventional flue gas desulfurization processes do not achieve outlet concentrations at this level. With appropriate controls on pH, ionic strength, and liquid recirculation rates, the sodium alkalies can achieve these outlet concentrations. When concentrations of sulfur dioxide absorbed become sufficiently large to make the economics of a simple throw-away process uneconomical, the waste solutions can be regenerated in the double-alkali process by reacting them externally from the scrubbing system with calcium compounds. This process is also described. Particular emphasis is placed on process design for reliability. Materials of construction, process controls, and process chemistry are discussed.


This discussion piece critically examines some of the key ideology that figures in Elizabeth Fricker's 'Stating and Insinuating'(2012), raises a number of queries about the details of Fricker's argumentation, and develops some ideas about the normative structure of testimony that relate to the themes of that paper.


A child safety seat for an automobile comprises armrests cantilever (16) spaced from the seat portion (14) and adapted to receive a beverage container holder (22) for supporting juice boxes fruit or other beverages. The armrests cantilever (16) are attached to the backrest (12) and extend outwardly from it at a height above the seat which is generally equal to the distance between the elbow of a child and seat. The child can rest his forearms on armrests. The armrests can be fixed to the seat rigidly or pivotally. A beverage container holder (22) is removably mounted on one of the armrests.


With great care and critical insight, Lynda K. Bundtzen examines Plath's original typescript for "Ariel" and compares it to the version that was published by her estranged husband, Ted Hughes.


PROF. THUMB dedicates his book to his master Karl Brugmann, whose monumental Griechische Grammatik he is himself now preparing for its fourth edition. He is the greatest authority living on « the whole range of the history of Greek: we need only mention by the side of the present volume his pioneer work on Die griechische Sprache im Zeitalter des Hellenismus, soon to reappear with the results of ten years' work added, and the much enlarged new edition of his Handbuch der neugriechischen Volkssprache. English translations of both these works have been arranged for by Messrs. T. and T. Clark; and it is to be hoped that English Hellenists will learn from them to realise how much is lost for the appreciation of Greek by the irrational isolation of the language in its relatively brief period of literary brilliance. In this book on the ancient Greek Dialects Prof. Thumb is of course mostly working as far away from the field of the classical scholar as when he expounds the world-language of the Roman Empire, or the patois of the peasants of to-day. But the solidarity of all Greek studies is being slowly recognised, and when our Atticists have learnt this lesson we may expect a veritable renascence in the much-threatened study of the noblest of human tongues. The part of Dr. Thumb's work which classical scholars will need most is of course his exposition of the dialect elements in literature. The mixed and artificial character of Greek literary language makes the guidance of a trained philologist peculiarly necessary when specialists in other fields tackle historical or archaeological or literary problems in which language is involved. Dr. Thumb provides a useful illustration in the acute discussion (pp. 363^) of the date of the Attic a ' pure ' in its development from the Ionic-Attic rj. It will appear that more than a century


Sulfonated Graphene (GS) is a kind of ideal conductive filler due to its excellent electrical conductivity, large specific surface and high dispersion. However, it usually has a tendency to agglomerate in polymers which seriously weaken the antistatic property. Herein, a novel conductive filler was fabricated in a simple and low-cost method by self-assembling GS nanosheets onto the surface of BaSO4 nanoparticles (BaSO4@GS) through electrostatic attraction. The morphology, microstructural composition and antistatic property were studied. The conductive BaSO4@GS particles have greatly dispersion in the epoxy resin matrix and significantly decrease square resistance of coating. The results show that the addition of 2 wt% (GS content in the epoxy composite) BaSO4@GS nanoparticles can decrease sheet resistance to 32 KΩ/sq. We attribute this enhancement in conductive performance of the epoxy composite to construction of the conductive networks for BaSO4@GS additives. Thus, the conductive fillers show the great potential for application in the petrochemical industry.


We propose a coupling device concept for passive low-loss optical coupling, which is compatible with the "generic" InP multi-project-wafer platform. A low-to-high vertical refractive index contrast transition (RICT) InP waveguide is designed and tapered down to adiabatically couple light into a top polymer waveguide. Numerical analysis shows that coupling losses lower than 1.5 dB can be achieved for a TE-polarized light. The obtained results are promising and may open a route to large port count and cheap packaging of InP-based photonic integrated chips.


In the structure of the first bis-adduct of hfac [1,1-dimethyl-2,5-bis-(3- N - tert -butyl- N -phenylaminoxyl) −3,4-diphen-ylsilolacyclopentadiene] with bis(hexafluoroacetylacetonato)manganese(II), the manganese atom lies on a crystallographic inversion centre and is bound to two chelating hfac ligands and two monodentate nitroxide groups in a distorted octahedral configuration. The silole ligands present a propeller-like arrangement of the phenyl rings around the silicon-containing five membered ring. The dihedral angles between the complexed nitroxides and the phenyl rings to which they are bound are smaller than those found in the free ligand.


e18538 Background: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a common complication following hematopoietic stem cell transplant in adults and is associated with substantial morbidity, and mortality. Despite this association, the first 90 days readmission rates and characteristics are poorly characterized. Objective: Utilizing the Nationwide Readmission Database (HCUP-NRD); we intended to analyze rates, predictors and hospitalization cost of CDI readmission after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT) in adults. Methods: Adult patients admitted after HSCT with at least 3 months of follow-up were included for analysis using administrative claim codes for CDI in the 2014 Nationwide Readmission Database. According to HSCT type, patients were stratified to either Umbilical Cord Blood Transplant (UCBT) or Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) (autologous and allogenic). We subsequently evaluated for CDI readmission by day 90. Results: A total of 17,412 adult patients met the inclusion criteria, including 1.3 % that received UCBT, 98.7% that received BMT. All-causes readmission rate was 32.7% (5695/17412) and CDI readmission rate was 7.9% (450/5695). The median age was 60 years, 56.2% were male, median length of stay was 8 days and the median time lapsed after transplant discharge and CDI readmission was 28 days. The most common payer was private insurance at 57.6%. The median cost per CDI admission was $62,125 with net total cost $15.3 million. Conclusions: (1) CDI 90-day readmission rate among adult patients treated with HSCT is a significant morbidity and associated with considerable cost. (2) Further studies are warranted to evaluate factors that can contribute to decreased rate of CDI readmissions following HSCT.


Currently, the quality of life of the population is determined by economic, social conditions, and the standard of living of people. In this regard, it is necessary to pay more attention to the development of the socio-economic sphere, the comprehensive introduction of new modern technologies that increase the level of comfort, quality of living, and accessibility of the environment. These and other factors largely determine its stability and stability. The integrated approach and experience of innovative development of the municipality of the Khimki city district administration can be used in many other regions of our country.


From the Publisher:
Imagine, if you will, one stormy summer evening in 1949, as novelist and scientist C. P. Snow, Britain's distinguished wartime science advisor and author of The Two Cultures, invites four singular guests to a sumptuous seven-course dinner at his alma mater, Christ's College, Cambridge, to discuss one of the emerging scientific issues of the day: Can we build a machine that could duplicate human cognitive processes? The distinguished guest list for Snow's dinner consists of physicist Erwin Schrodinger, inventor of wave mechanics; Ludwig Wittgenstein, the famous twentieth-century philosopher of language, who posited two completely contradictory theories of human thought in his lifetime; population geneticist/science popularizer J. B. S. Haldane; and Alan Turing, the mathematician/codebreaker who formulated the computing scheme that foreshadowed the logical structure of all modern computers. Capturing not only their unique personalities but also their particular stands on this fascinating issue, Casti dramatically shows what each of these great men might have argued about artificial intelligence, had they actually gathered for dinner that midsummer evening.


The influential legal philosopher, Alf Ross called for the development of law and economics but was highly skeptical of the use of fairness or social welfare concepts in the consequential analysis of law. I argue that Ross' dismissal of the concepts was influenced by the philosophy of logical positivism and its narrow definition of meaning. I advocate a pragmatic view of meaning according to which a concept is meaningful if (in short) it can influence a decision maker. And I demonstrate that on this definition concepts of fairness and social welfare can be meaningfully applied in understanding and prescribing law.


Zhang Jian is a well-known industrialist in modern China. To study Zhang Jian' s relation with the Revolution of 1911 will help us to know better about the capitalist class after the Revolution and the characteristics of the national bourgeoisie. Zhang Jian' s behavior before and after the Revolution could be summed up in the following three points: 1. His attitude toward the Revolution changed from resistance to acceptance. 2. He eventually came to the side of Yuan Shi-kai in the struggle between Sun Yat-sen and Yuan Shi-kai. 3. After the Revolution he continued his industrial projects, and contributed a lot to the construction of national education and culture.


This paper considers the solutions of systems of ordinary differential equations via a numeric-analytical method referred to differential Transforms Method (DTM). For numerical interpretation, two illustrative examples are used. The results obtained show a strong agreement with their corresponding exact solutions. The method is therefore proven to be effective and reliable, and as such, can be applied to systems of ODEs involving higher orders.


The objective of this research was to adopt our 3D engineering case-based / problembased teaching, learning and assessment methodology to biomedical engineering, and even to medical science education, following our validated methodology, that enables students to explore engineering, management, biomedical engineering, computer systems and networking subjects in an integrated environment, with the aid of a generic architecture, that includes 3D web-browser readable multimedia, text, images, interactive videos, active codes for calculations, and even self-assessment tools (as spreadsheets, spreadsheet templates, and others).


Black Bullhead (Ameiurus melas) is the most common of the three species of Ameriurus present in Oklahoma. They range across the state and inhabit any aquatic eco-system. However, little is known about their feeding habits. Food habits of Black Bullheads (95-318 mm total length) collected from June 2015 through May 2016 at Lake Carl Etling revealed a broad range of prey items. The total food volume of the 408 stomachs examined was comprised of sixteen different prey items (5 fish species, 5 crustacean species, 3 species of insects, and 3 plant species). No significant difference was found between seasons. Overall, fish had the highest index of relative importance (IRI; 88.5) with crustaceans having the lowest IRI (2.1), while insects and plants had similar IRI (5.8 and 5.5). Gizzard Shad were found to be the most frequent diet item consumed. Black Bullheads exhibit a mixed feeding strategy with varying degrees of specialization. Fish were most important prey item of Black Bullheads, while bullheads occasionally consumed crustaceans, insects or plants showing a higher between-phenotype component. It appears that Black Bullheads are highly piscivorous in Lake Carl Etling. Due to this finding, consideration of dietoverlap and fish forage availability is critical when fisheries managers are considering management strategies for other top predators or when contemplating the introduction of a new species into an aquatic system containing Black Bullhead.


In recent years,pollutions have been on the increase and quite a few scholars of the criminal law have proposed the term of "negligent criminal" in the environmental pollution crime but it has caused controversies due to its theoretical defects.Though criminal legislation has made some progress but it has failed to carry out the spirit of the pre-protection by law.This paper brings up the brand-new concept of "involuntary threatener" in the environmental pollution crime and discusses the necessity and feasibility of the pre-protection by law in order to help the reform of the related legislation in China.


Dehalogenation polycondensations of 2,6-dichloro-1,5-naphthyridine with isolated zerovalent nickel complex and electrochemically generated zerovalent nickel complex afford π-conjugated poly(1,5-naphthyridine-2,6-diyl) (P(2,6-N)) in high yields. The electrochemical polymerization gives the polymer as a thin film on the electrode. UV-visible data indicate that P(2,6-N) has, among poly(naphthalene)-like π-conjugated polymers, the longest effective π-conjugation system along the polymer chain due to its less sterically hindered structure to form the π-conjugation system. Electrochemical reduction of P(2,6-N) takes place at E° = -1.79 V vs Ag/Ag + , the value revealing that P(2,6-N) belongs to the most easily reducible π-conjugated conducting polymers reflecting a very strong π-electron-deficient nature of the 1,5-naphthyridine ring. As for poly(naphthalene-2,6-diyl)-type polymers, introduction of every imine nitrogen leads to a shift of the reducing potential to the positive side by 0.3-0.4 V. Chemically reduced (or n-doped) P(2,6-N) with sodium naphthalide gives a dark blue adduct, which exhibits electrical conductivity of 1.8 x 10 -2 S cm -1 . The electrochemical reduction of a cast P(2,6-N) film causes a color change with the appearance of a new broad adsorption band in a near-infrared region.


We discuss, and propose a solution for, a still unresolved problem regarding the breaking from = 2 super-QCD to = 1 super-QCD. A mass term W = μTrΦ2/2 for the adjoint field, which classically does the required breaking perfectly, quantum mechanically leads to a relevant operator that, in the infrared, makes the theory flow away from pure = 1 SQCD. To avoid this problem, we first need to extend the theory from SU(nc) to U(nc). We then look for the quantum generalization of the condition W'(m) = 0, that is, the coincidence between a root of the derivative of the superpotential W() and the mass m of the quarks. There are 2nc−nf of such points in the moduli space. We suggest that with an opportune choice of superpotential, that selects one of these coincidence vacua in the moduli space, it is possible to flow from = 2 SQCD to = 1 SQCD. Various arguments support this claim. In particular, we shall determine the exact location in the moduli space of these coincidence vacua and the precise factorization of the SW curve.


Problem setting. Recently in our country the tendency to introduction of innovative activity in domestic economy has become widespread. This focus is provided by many means. Among them, not the least role belongs to the reliability and effectiveness of legislation. Therefore, both the state strategy and the relevant branch of legislation have already begun to be drafted in order to standardize and speed up the whole process.
Analysis of resent researches and publications. This article is a partial continuation of the series of works on the place of business law in the strategy of ensuring innovation in Ukraine and areas for improving innovation legislation. In general, the question of the effectiveness of innovation legislation in Ukraine has been raised by various scientists, for example, Yu. E. Atamanova, O. M. Vinnyk, S. V. Glibko, D. V. Zadykhailo, V. S. Shcherbyna and others. However, methodological principles were given more importance in broad areas, such as N. S. Kuznetsova in civil law, and in the context chosen in the article, little attention was paid.
Target of research. The aim of the article is to study the methodological principles of the effectiveness of innovation legislation.
Article's main body. Legislative efficiency methods need to be given the same weight as existing methods for determining the economic efficiency of capital investments, new equipment and automated management systems. In this case, it is necessary to constantly keep in mind both past experience and care for the acquisition of new knowledge. The analysis of the actual effectiveness of the legislation can be carried out in three directions. First, the object of study may be the effectiveness of the internal structure of the system of economic legislation. Obviously, this efficiency can reflect the degree of compliance of the existing structure with the goals of the whole system. Secondly, there is a need to study the effectiveness of the legal system. It is solved by establishing the degree of achievement of the goals of the legal system during its implementation in real conditions. Third, it is necessary to determine the effectiveness of sets of rules of a particular system of legislation (its subsystems or individual rules (elements of the system). This implies that in general the system may have inefficient subsystems and elements, and vice versa – efficient subsystems and elements may be part of an inefficient system.
Conclusions and prospects for the development. In the context of studying the problems of the effectiveness of legislation, various new opportunities can be used, which appear in foreign countries and already bring some benefits there. A good example is the Better Regulation Delivery Office (BRDO), an independent non-governmental think tank established at the initiative of the Department of Economic Development and Trade and Western partners: the World Bank and the Government of Canada. The main thing is that BRDO is working to simplify the business environment and effective government regulation. In the near future we can expect a successful solution to the problems of efficiency of innovation and through the introduction of digital technologies.


Various factors are known to influence examination outcome. The importance of personality and extra-curricular factors in the success of management career cannot be overlooked. This study intended to find out the influence of personality, current health, and lifestyle factors on the examination result of management students. The results implied that the factors that could predict examination grades in management students were the performances in past examinations and current quality of life. There was a probability of a negative influence of dysfunctional personality factors on the outcome of examinations in management training. Creative hobbies had significantly positive influence on examination result. It is suggested that replication studies with larger sample are essential considering the findings of this study which have implication for specific assessment and support for management students.


Abstract Allylic oxidation reactions of methyl abietate (2) with selenium dioxide and lead tetraacetate have been studied in different solvents. Oxidation of methyl abietate (2) with selenium dioxide in acetic anhydride furnished methyl 7α-O-acetyl dehydroabietate (5b) in 68 % yield.


Foreclosures are among the most important and tragic social manifestations of the impact of the housing crisis which began in 2007. The increase in defaulted loans as a result of the high unemployment rate, greater job instability and pay cuts has led to a rise in the number of foreclosures seen by the magistrate's courts, from a little over 10,000 at the start of the century to around 90,000 per year since 2009, totalling over half a million in the last six years. The geographical approach is an effective means to identify the parts of the territory that are most vulnerable to this phenomenon, and yet in spite of the urgent need for political and legal responses to resolve this issue, it has still been insufficiently explored. This work analyses the spatial distribution of the main indicators characterising the drop in the housing market, and –more specifically– foreclosures affecting particularly the most vulnerable groups and territories, thereby materialising new forms of social and residential exclusion. A variety of different information sources were used in order to obtain a general view: statistics on unsubsidised housing and housing prices (Estadística de Vivienda Libre y Estadística de Precios de Vivienda) from the Spanish Ministry of Public Works, statistics on property transactions (Estadística de Transacciones Inmobiliarias) from the Notary Certification Agency, mortgage statistics (Estadística de Hipotecas) from the National Institute of Statistics, and statistics on monthly mortgage loans (Estadística de Actividad Crediticia Hipotecaria Mensual) from the Spanish Mortgage Association. Evictions were based on the figures for actual and ongoing foreclosures database published by the Judicial Court Statistics Service of the General Council of the Judiciary, as this was the only source that provided a time series that was long enough to reveal the impact of the economic downturn and a disaggregation into the 431 judicial districts in which there are magistrate's courts. This allowed us to obtain a far more precise map of evictions than previously available, and to pinpoint certain keys to their uneven distribution. Boletín de la Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles N.o 71 2016, págs. 481-486


The radiation resistance of a nickel magnetostrictive‐stack transducer in the presence of an identical in‐phase transducer at an air‐water surface was obtained. The transducers are resonant at 20 kc and their radiating surfaces are squares whose sides are 0.38 of the wavelength in water. Curves were obtained for the radiation resistance vs separation distance for electrical driving forces of the interacting transducer which were 1.0, 2.0, and 3.9 times the electrical driving force of the reference transducer. It was found that for a given driving force ratio, the radiation resistance with interaction oscillated about the value for the radiation resistance of the transducer with no interaction and that these oscillations decreased in amplitude as the separation distance was increased. Near 2λ, the interaction effect became negligible. Furthermore, it was found that the interaction increased with increasing electrical driving force of the interacting transducer. Qualitative agreement is found with treatments of the interaction radiation resistance of other physical situations, but an adequate analytical study of this case is needed.The radiation resistance of a nickel magnetostrictive‐stack transducer in the presence of an identical in‐phase transducer at an air‐water surface was obtained. The transducers are resonant at 20 kc and their radiating surfaces are squares whose sides are 0.38 of the wavelength in water. Curves were obtained for the radiation resistance vs separation distance for electrical driving forces of the interacting transducer which were 1.0, 2.0, and 3.9 times the electrical driving force of the reference transducer. It was found that for a given driving force ratio, the radiation resistance with interaction oscillated about the value for the radiation resistance of the transducer with no interaction and that these oscillations decreased in amplitude as the separation distance was increased. Near 2λ, the interaction effect became negligible. Furthermore, it was found that the interaction increased with increasing electrical driving force of the interacting transducer. Qualitative agreement is found with treatment...


"A chain is always only as strong as its weakest link"; this motto expresses the aims and ideals of Tone Vigeland's work in jewellery. Consummate craftsmanship throughout, down to the smallest details, is its quintessential quality. She usually works in pliable metals, such as silver and lead. Her palette ranges between blue-grey and black. She oxidises silver until it is black and looks almost like iron; she forms steel, on the other hand, into ornamental, metallic lacework. Her work definitely reveals echoes of the Norwegian Viking jewellery tradition as well as contemporary influences from the austere landscape of her native country Norway. Most recently she has widened her range to include jewellery sculpture and large-scale objects. As a sculptor she fuses stone and lead in highly charged aesthetic unities which represent the diverse fabric of nature and culture.


Managing Effective Communication After a Crisis by Enid Alane Thompson MS, Walden University, 2014 BS, Walden University, 2012 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Business Administration Walden University August 2016 Abstract Despite the effects of natural disasters on small business owners, the owners' communication strategies to alleviate loss to their companies' profitability remain problematic. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive multiunit case study was to explore what communication strategies some small business owners developed and implemented for facilitating resuming their business operations after a natural disaster.Despite the effects of natural disasters on small business owners, the owners' communication strategies to alleviate loss to their companies' profitability remain problematic. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive multiunit case study was to explore what communication strategies some small business owners developed and implemented for facilitating resuming their business operations after a natural disaster. The targeted population consisted of 2 small business owners located along the Belmar Boardwalk in Belmar, New Jersey. The conceptual framework for this study was Coombs' situational crisis communication theory. The case data collected were from semistructured interviews and company documents. Employing member checking and methodological triangulation increased the assurance of the study's credibility and trustworthiness. The data analysis consisted of separating the data into groupings, identifying major groupings, assessing the information within the major groups, and developing thematic interpretations. The 4 validated themes that emerged were communication, community, disaster recovery, and stakeholders (employees). The findings from this study may contribute to social change by providing communication strategies that small business owners can use to mitigate losses from disasters, and facilitate businesses' and communities' recovery for reducing further losses. Managing Effective Communication After a Crisis by Enid Alane Thompson MS, Walden University, 2014 BS, Walden University, 2012 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Business Administration Walden University August 2016 Dedication This study is dedicated to my husband James, to the loving memory of my father Maceo Keeling Sr., my mother Doretha Keeling, my daughter Inessa, my son Christopher, Elijah, Matthias, family, and friends, thank you for all your love and encouragement throughout my doctoral process. I could not have completed the journey it without you.


The Dacizhenru Palace in Beijing Beihai "Xitianfanjing" and Ling'en Palace of Ming Chang Ling are existing large-scale and well-protection Ming Dynasty Jinsi Nanmu Palace in our country.On the basis of investigating the architectural construction and elements and details of decoration of two palaces,the paper analyzes and compares characteristics of these two palaces and the differences and similarities about building construction and details between Early Ming Dynasty and Late Ming Dynasty,so as to provide references for the protection and study of the palaces.


We surveyed 297 medical students regarding their attitudes about the use of substances which act on the central nervous system, particularly when these substances are used by professional colleagues. The preferred methods for dealing with a colleague impaired by alcohol or drug use were, in order of preference, talking directly to the affected colleague and informing the colleague's supervisor. We found no significant difference in responses across year groups, across sexes, and comparing impairment by alcohol versus other drug abuse. Twenty percent thought it was acceptable to have an alcoholic beverage before seeing a patient; 80% felt any use of illicit drugs, even while not on duty, was inappropriate. We discuss possible implications for medical student education.


The objective nf this paper is to identify the pattern of groundwater flow in the southern part of the Etosha Basin in northern Namibia by using the comprehensive knowledge of the chemical composition of groundwater in the Etosha National Park. The Etosha Basin, which extends from northern Namibia into southern Angola is the northwestern outlier of the large inland depocentre of the Kalahari Basin. For the characterization of the groundwater chemistry, the unit referred to is the equivalent percent concentration (meq%/1).


On the basis of Raman spectroscopy qualitatively determining the compound,an innovative experiment for quantitative detection of the inorganic salt solution by Raman was built in this paper for the undergraduate experimental teaching,to construct a hierarchical experiment teaching system. The experiment can effectively deepen the student's understanding of the Raman detection principle and cultivate their divergent thinking ability,especially their creative thinking ability.


We are reporting a case of massively enlarged left inguinal hernia containing the stomach and presenting with coffee ground emesis. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) identified a non-ischemic stomach with three small gastric ulcers. The patient opted for non-surgical management.


A. The agreement between transformation optics and fluidic dynamics Conventional transformation optics (TO) has complex requirements of material electromagnetic parameter. The quasi-conformal transformation (QCTO) [S1] allows the relatively simple solution by uses of isotropic materials. Considering the transformation case from rectangle to annulus, the refractive index (RI) profile desired by QCTO (nquasi) can be expressed as


Introduction. Part I: Theoretical Foundations 1. Critical Theory and Dialectics 2. Critical Internet and Social Media Studies 3. Critical (Internet) Privacy Studies: Ideology Critique 4. Critical (Internet) Surveillance Studies: Commodity Critique Part II: Case Study 5. Traditional and Critical Research of Privacy and Surveillance on Social Media 6. Empirical Results: (Dis)Advantages of Social Media Part III: Techno-Social Revolution 7. Critical Theory, Dialectics, and the (Dis)Advantages of Social Media 8. Conclusion


Background: Early antenatal care (ANC) and regular follow up of service more often provide a range of opportunities for delivering health information and interventions that can significantly conveying the well-being of the mother and the fetus. However, in most cases, women in Africa hold up until the momentof the second or third trimester in pregnancy to make the initial antenatal care visit, reducing their chances of making at least four visits. The aim of this study was to assess the determinants of nonadherence to antenatal care among the pregnant women. Methodology:A descriptive exploratory research design was utilized for this study. Convenient sample included 300 pregnant women who attended antenatal care clinic at El-Manial University Hospital with gestational age 16 weeks and more in the first visit, their age 20-39 years,low risk pregnancy and not reported any previous medical problems during pregnancy. The required data was collected through Structured interviewing questionnaire developed by the research investigator. Results:The study results revealed that the mean age of the study sample was 26.8 ± 4.2 years. The majority of them (95%) were housewives. Sixty point seven percent live in rural area as well as 52.3% of the study sample married at age < 20 year. The majority of the study sample has unsatisfactory knowledge about ANC. There were many reasons and factors which lead to late booking among the study sample such as; high cost of investigation, high living expenses, undesired pregnancy, not have the freedom of decision to start ANC, mother –in-law refusal, far setting, long waiting time, no good communication and some of the women reported that they haven't complained in the first three months so they come late. Conclusion& recommendation: Economic, social and psychological factors in addition to the level of knowledge related to antenatal care play an important role in determining time of first ANC visit. Excessive efforts needed to inform the pregnant women about the importance of early booking to encourage them to engage early with the maternity services.


This chapter examines the challenges posed by the heritage of imperialism and colonisation to the concept of the Anglosphere. It explores transnational cooperation and collaboration between indigenous communities, arguing that indigenous peoples have created a transnational counter-public sphere. This indigenous public sphere has developed in the context of globalised norms of indigeneity and collaborative work in drafting the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP). It reflects shared cultural values, and the common experience of colonisation, as well as recent shared activism. It demonstrates collaboration beyond the purported borders of the Anglosphere, and challenges the assumption of homogeneous and shared public cultures in each Anglosphere state. It also counters the argument that Anglosphere countries have a common and shared relationship between public culture and political values and institutions. The chapter focuses on the relationship between New Zealand Maori and Indigenous Australians, and their recent collaboration in advocating for constitutional change and Indigenous recognition in Australia.


This article presents a 77-GHz transmitter (TX) in a 28-nm fully depleted silicon-on-insulator CMOS technology for automotive radar applications. The circuit has been designed to simultaneously fulfill both short-/medium-range (S/MR) and long-range (LR) operations. It exploits an LO frequency doubling architecture, which allows preventing voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) pulling effects for improved phase noise (PN) performance. The proposed TX comprises a 38-GHz VCO driving a frequency doubler and then a current-combining two-path power amplifier. The VCO takes advantage of a novel tank architecture to cope S/MR and LR requirements with an effective and silicon area-saving solution. The proposed TX also features a feedback loop that allows properly setting the power delivered to the output load. It exhibits a 5-GHz bandwidth, ranging from 76 to 81 GHz, with a PN performance as low as −93 dBc/Hz at a 1-MHz offset frequency from a 77-GHz carrier. It is also able to deliver a maximum output power as high as 17.5 dBm with a dynamic control range of around 13 dB. The overall power consumption is 351 mW.


Editor-in-Chief: Roberto Scopigno, Institute of Computer Science and Technologies (ISTI), National Research Council (CNR), Italy *Topics include:* # On-site and remotely sensed data collection # Enhanced 2D media for CH # 3D digital artifact capture, representation and manipulation # Tools for reconstruction and processing of digital representations # Metadata, classification schema, ontologies and semantic processing for CH multimedia repositories # Analytic tools to assist scholars' resea...


Determination of pharmacokinetics of actively metabolized drugs is a key problem of assessing their bioavailability. Taking trimebutine as an example, possible solutions to this problem are presented in the work. In the experiment in vitro at the original model solution metabolic liver homogenate was determined by the concentration of the active metabolite of trimebutine concentration as the difference in the solution before and after incubation. By using the technology of detecting LS-MS mass-spectrum basic ion trimebutine (388 m/z) and mass-spectrum of the main metabolite of trimebutine ion (370.3 m/z) were identified. The calibration dependence (correlation coefficient 0.988), which was used to determine the main metabolite of trimebutine, was created on its ion mass-spectrum with 370.3 m/z. There was described a new method for the quantitative determination of the major metabolite of trimebutine N-monodesmethyl trimebutine using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, which allowed to assess adequately on rabbits the pharmacokinetics of various forms of the medication in the experiment.


Cyberspace: The Marketing Frontier Marketers are in the midst of a great shift in the way business is conducted. The old model of enterprise is familiar: a firm has an idea, borrows money to produce a product, and then promotes itoften with an expensive sales force and heavy advertising-and the firm also must pay escalating slotting fees to get the product stocked by the major retailers. After "betting the farm," the firm hopes to have sufficient revenue to cover costs, pay off the debt, and stay in business. In contrast, the emerging model of business can be decidedly light on start-up costs. It achieves this with direct marketing and an Internet website taking center stage. Not only are the odds of success increased with this approach, but if the business goes under, the firm only loses its shirt, not the farm. The Internet, which has been available in the United States for over two decades, amounts to an electronic connection among computers. The World Wide Web (www, or simply the web) is the really new bit of the Internet and has taken off only in the last couple of years. The web is also the part of the Internet that attracts the most attention (apart from e-mail), because it can carry a wide array of formats-sounds, images, and even video. The non-web parts are text-based. Although the term cybernetics is properly used to refer to an automated, computerized, or self-regulating system, the term has developed in new but related directions in recent years, as the distinct culture of Internet users has emerged. Thus, we have a new set of words, including cyberspace, cyberpunk, cyberbabble, and even cybermarketing. Historically, competition has been a problem for upstart companies because of the financial requirements necessary just to get noticed. In many ways, the web seems able to level the playing field, by offering a platform for real visibility without a large investment. Indeed, it is the newer companies that seem to be making the most innovative use of the web and to be having the most success. Compare the efforts of a couple of two year old cybermarketers, Amazon.com (www.amazan.com) and CDNOW (www.cdnow.com), to a couple of old giants in their respective fields, B. Dalton and Tower Records. Although the upstarts are expected to make over $5 million each this year from their web presence, their establishment "competitors" have only a nominal web presence (as of late summer 1996). Even though those revenue figures may not sound like a lot, keep in mind that the entire web retail pie is estimated to be only $300 million at this point. What do marketers know about this new way of doing business in cyberspace? Not much. It is difficult to find research that is not already dated by the time it is published, because the hardware, software, and users are changing so fast. However, following are some conclusions drawn in a recent Nielsen survey performed on the web (www.commerce.net/worklpilotlnielsen_96/exec.html): the number of respondents who had access to the Internet increased 50% between August 1995 and March 1996 from 16% to 24%; the new users differ significantly from previous users in that they are


We investigated various PSA schemes for phase regeneration and compared applicability to QPSK and higher-level formats. We demonstrated a polarization-diversity PSA to support a dual-polarization signal. Optical parametric amplifier may be one of the solutions to squeezing amplitude noise.


Current experiments show that the TATB-based polymer bonded explosives (PBX) will experience irreversible growth when suffered temperature cycling load. Although some studies have already been done on this, the cause of irreversible growth is still confusing, and the mechanism is not clear. In order to study the irreversible growth of PBX under temperature cycling load, an thermal-viscoelastic model is established, Based on the Burgers model which considering the influence of different temperatures on the creep properties of PBX. The analysis shows that the irreversible growth of PBX produced by the different creep properties of high and low temperature during the thermal cycling. Comparing with low temperature, the creep rate of PBX is faster and the deformation is larger at high temperature, which lead to the irreversible growth of PBX.


where β = 0.5804, was proposed for the expansion factor of our Universe. According to it, gravity dominates the expansion (matter era) until the age of T⋆ = 3.214 Gyr and, after that, dark energy dominates (dark energy era) leading to an eternal expansion, no matter if the Universe is closed, flat or open. In this paper we consider only the closed version and show that there is an upper limit for the size of the radial comoving coordinate, beyond which nothing is observed by our fundamental observer, on Earth. Our observable Universe may be only a tiny portion of a much bigger Universe most of it unobservable to us. This leads to the idea that an endless number of other fundamental observers may live on equal number of Universes similar to ours. Either we talk about many Universes — Multiverse — or about an unique Universe, only part of it observable to us.


The dynamic modeling,the motion control and flexible vibration suppression of a free-floating space robot with flexible-joints,bounded torques,external disturbances and uncertain parameters are discussed.The dynamic equation of the system is established by using the Lagrange equation and the linear and angular momentum conservations of the system.Based on singular perturbation theory,the system is decomposed into a slow subsystem and a fast subsystem.For the slow subsystem,a robust fuzzy sliding mode controller based on hyperbolic sine functions is designed.The controller does not need to know the accurate system model.It can compensate the system rotation angle errors caused by the flexible-joints and can realize the desired motion trajectories asymptotic tracking.The hyperbolic sine functions can reduce the control the amplitude of torques effectively,which makes the control system more realistic.For the fast subsystem,a velocity difference feedback controller is used to suppress the vibration caused by flexible-joints and thus guarantees the system's stability.The simulation results prove the proposed hybrid controller's efficiency.


Per-existing flaws are wide existence in rock mass, which have a significant effect on mechanical properties and fracturing behaviors. To investigate the effects of flaw type, infilling material, and flaw shape on the mechanical properties and fracture evolution of rock, a series of uniaxial compression tests were conducted on sandstone specimens. The bonded-particle model (BPM) and acoustic emission (AE) techniques were adopted to study the cracking process and AE characteristics of sandstone. The results indicate that relatively rigid infilling can significantly improve the mechanical properties of the rock. The AE simulation in the BPM revealed its fracture evolution, and there is a good consistency between fracture evolution and AE events. The cracking process and crack type around the hole-like flaw are influenced by the type of infilling material and its shape due to changes in the stress state around the hole-like flaw. Tensile cracks in nature usually initiate from the top or the bottom of a hole-like flaw. The shear and compaction cracks in nature prefer to initiate within the infilling material or from the lateral sides of the hole-like flaw. The cracking process of rocks can be characterized by the b-value, the variation of which is comparable with fracture behaviors and energy dissipation.


High-vacuum, high-temperature equipment for rapid, accurate determinations of liquid-metal solution compositions is described. The solubility of uranium in bismuth was redetermined over the temperature range 300 to 725 deg C with improved precision and temperature calibration. Anomalous solubility effects in uranium-bismuthgraphite systems which could affect the operation of reactors containing graphite are described. (auth)


Abstract Total lipid extracted from fresh and frozen Cobb chicken breast, thigh and drumstick were analysed for lipid fractions as well as their fatty acid composition using thin layer chromatography and gas liquid chromatography, respectively. Thin-layer chromatograms of lipids from fresh and frozen chicken tissues indicated seven fractions. The highest percentage was recorded for triglycerides, followed by phospholipids and the lowest for diglycerides. During storage at −20C for two months, the phospholipid and triglyceride contents of tissues decreased and the monoglyceride, cholesterol, diglyceride, free fatty acid and hydrocarbon contents increased. Phospholipid fractions identified were: phosphatidylserine, lysophosphatidylcholine, sphingomylein, phos phatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol, which decreased during frozen storage resulting from loss of phosphatidylserine, sphingomylein, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. However, the lysophosphatidylcholine a...


1. Patel NH, Revanur VK, Khanna A.Vascular access for hemodialysis: An in depth reviews. J Nephrol 2001;14:146-56.2. El Minshawy O, Abd El Aziz T, Abd El Ghani H. Evaluation of vascular access complications in acute and chronichemodialysis. J Vasc Access 2004;5:76-82.3. Golledge J, Smith CJ, Emery J, Farrington K, Thompson HH. Outcome of primary radiocephalic fi stula for hemodialysis.Br J Surg 1999;86:211-6.4. Wong V, Ward R, Taylor J, Selvakumar S, How TV, Bakran A. Factors associated with early failure of arteriovenous fi stulae for hemodialysis access. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 1996;12:207-13.5. Sands JJ, Ferrell LM, Perry MA. The role of color fl ow Doppler ultrasound in dialysis access. Semin Nephrol 2002;22:195-201.


Parasite Cuscuta campestris Yunker was examined for controlling the growth and spread of harmful weed Mikania micrantha H.B.K.The experiments were carried out to estimate biomass production by sowing the seeds of M.micrantha in sample plots in Shenzhen Xianhu Botanic Garden where this weed grew densely,and for physiological study by cultivation of both plants in pots.The result exhibited that the leaf number,stem length,and biomass dry weight of individual of the host M.micrantha began to decrease after the host was parasitized for about 30days.Such decrease was obvious after2months of parasitism,so did the photosynthetic rate(P n ),transpiration rate(E),stomatal conductance(g s ),water use efficiency(WUE),chlorophyll content,and Fv /Fm.The parasite could spread rapidly extending to an area of20m 2 with longest distance of5m within2months.The parasite hampered the growth and reproduction of the host and depressed it even to die.It is suggested that C.campestris might be a promising plant for controlling this weed.


&dquo;The medical profession believes Richard Nixon's election 'has made possible a new era of advancement of health care on a sound and orderly basis,' said American Medical Association president Dwight L. ivilbur, 1~ID. &dquo;In a statement released after the election, Dr. Wilbur said: 'The American people have expressed a clear desire for orderly and stable progress. They have asked for sensible planning and for constructive advancements that are capable of being achieved, rather than grandiose promises and unattainable programs that shatter the stability of our society. _


Aiming at minimizing 1/f noise of tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) accelerometers, a new principle incorporated acceleration sensing and 1/f noise suppression is demonstrated both theoretically and experimentally. The elasto-magneto-electric conversion theory is analyzed and a linear relationship between input acceleration and output voltage is derived. A new modulation methodology based on periodically biased magnetic field is proposed and validated to effectively minimize 1/f noise of TMR accelerometers, by integrating a high-frequency resonator with a soft magnetic modulation film. A prototype is used to experimentally demonstrate that a sensitivity of 8.2 mV/g can be realized for acceleration sensing and 1/f noise can be minimized by at least 80 times. This work clarifies a universally applicable low noise sensing principle not only for TMR accelerometers but also for all of the elasto-magneto-electric coupling sensors like MR/ME displacement sensors or strain sensors.


The ECtHR's ruling in ES v Austria raises questions about the Court's methodology in blasphemy cases. The ECtHR interprets Article 9 of the Convention as including a right to respect for religious feelings and presumes that 'justified indignation' may disrupt 'religious peace'. Therefore, expression counting as 'gratuitously offensive' to religious feelings is not granted protection under Article 10. es v Austria reveals certain problems that arise when criticism of religion is driven by hatred and when religious insult merges with political criticism. This article argues that Strasbourg's approach to blasphemy increases uncertainty about the boundaries of free speech. The terms 'religious feelings' and 'religious peace' are scrutinised, and the political context of es v Austria analysed. It concludes that by failing to distinguish clearly between blasphemy and incitement to hatred, and by upholding the criminalisation of questioning the Prophet Muhammad's morals, the Court has jeopardised freedom of expression in Europe.


Advocates of creative writing have repeatedly pointed out its value for literary reading. According to some, creative writing may lead to enhanced reading engagement and appreciation of literary texts, increased self-efficacy as readers of literature, deeper processing of literary texts, more knowledge of and insight into literary techniques. This chapter examines the effects of one particular creative writing assignment: writing a story in the pre-reading stage, predicting the story to be read. Students would relate the literary story to their own story and they would show more emotional engagement during reading. An experimental design was used with a control group and post-tests. Participants were 10th-grade students from different Dutch secondary schools (15-16 years old, pre-university and higher general education). The creative writing task not only seems to influence students' literary reading process (more emotional engagement, more intertextual connections), but also the outcome of this process: students' story appreciation. Keywords: creative writing; Dutch secondary schools; literary reading process; literary texts


Current literature reports better short‐term mortality rates in mitral valve repair over replacement in elderly patients. However, valve durability, postoperative complications, and reintervention rates in these cohorts remain understudied. As such, we aimed to investigate 5‐year rates of mortality and reoperation after initial mitral repair or replacement in elderly patients.


The present paper is an attempt to evaluate the impact of GST on India's Foreign Trade. GST will be rolled out sometime during April to October 2017. The implementation of the Bill is expected to ease India's cumbersome tax system, help goods move seamlessly across state borders, curb tax evasion, improve compliance, increase revenues, spur growth, boost exports, and attract investments by improving ease of doing business in India. In short, GST when implemented is expected to perform miracles. But the question is – Can it really bring such radical changes?


In what is the largest study by far to explore the possibility of adverse effects associated with calcium channel blockers, researchers from the


A multi-channel audio and video signal transmission system constructed by using optical fiber cables as signal transmission media is described. With this system up to four audio signal and up to four video signal channels can be used with a bidirectional operation-aid voice channel. The PFM (pulse frequency modulation) scheme was used to modulate the audio and video signals. The SNR of the video signal was above 55 dB. The differential gain and differential phase were under 3% and 3 degrees , respectively. The SNR of the audio signal was 65 dB and the distortion factor was under 0.3%. The practical use of this system at a surgical center is described.<<ETX>>


The genetic diversity of two Aconitum species endemic to the Carpathian Mountains and Sudetes was studied. A reticulate evolution between them was earlier postulated as an effect of secondary contact. The genetic diversity at the individual and taxonomic levels was examined across the entire geographical ranges of the taxa in 11 populations based on 247 AFLP markers found in 112 individuals in the Sudetes and Western Carpathians. The overall genetic differentiation was greater within the Sudetic A. plicatum ( F ST = 0.139, P < 0.001) than within the Carpathian A. firmum ( F ST = 0.062, P < 0.001), presumably due to the long-lasting geographic isolation between the Giant Mts and Praděd (Sudetes) populations of the species. Interestingly, relatively distant and presently isolated populations of A. plicatum and A. f. subsp. maninense share a part of their genomes. It could be an effect of their common evolutionary history, including past and present reticulations. The introgression among infraspecific taxa of Aconitum is common, probably as a result of seed dispersal within a distance of ca. 20 km (Mantel's r = 0.36, P = 0.01). Aconitum f. subsp. maninense had the highest genetic diversity indices: Nei's h and rarefied FAr , and divergence index DW ( P ≤ 0.05), pointing to its presumably ancient age and long-term isolation.


In this paper, we describe motivations and features of the LEDR (Local Entity Detection and Recognition) task at EVALITA 2009. Our work refers to the task of the same name within the Automatic Content Extraction (ACE) program. We adopted the ACE annotation scheme adapting it to the specific morpho-syntactic features of Italian in order to create training and test data to be used in the evaluation of Information Extraction systems for Italian. In this report annotated data and evaluation measures are presented. Moreover, the results obtained by the participating system are showed.


The Russian sturgeon is a highly prized species reared in aquaculture. The process of gonad development in this critically endangered species is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to describe the localization of Sox9 protein during gonad development of the Russian sturgeon from the day of hatching to the 1440 day post hatching (dph). The larvae at age 1, 10, 25 dph and prepared gonads of 300, 720, 1440 dph individuals were immunohistochemistry-stained for Sox9 detection. Sox9-positive regions were detected in larvae in primordial germ cells cytoplasm. Analysis of 300 dph sturgeon gonads revealed the presence of the Sox9 protein in cytoplasm of some oocytes in the chromatin nucleus stage. In testes at 720 dph, Sox9 was observed in the cytoplasm of type A and early B spermatogonias. In the ovaries, Sox9 was observed in the cytoplasm of diplotene oocytes and prefollicular cells. In testes of 1440 dph sturgeon, Sox9 was present in the nucleus of the spermatocytes and in types A and B spermatogonias cytoplasm. Analysis of ovaries at 1440 dph reveals multiple diplotene oocytes with a Sox9-positive cytoplasm. Furthermore, in 720 and 1440 dph, sturgeon presence of intersexual gonads was detected. In intersex gonads, Sox9 was observed in the cytoplasm of diplotene oocytes and type A spermatogonias. This study may be the first attempt to determine Sox9 protein localization during ontogenesis of the Russian sturgeon. Localization of Sox9 protein may become a useful marker of the maturation level in testis of the Russian sturgeon.


A discussion covers a brief process description; typical yield responses to changes in liquefaction process variables; product flexibility achieved by liquefaction bottoms recycle or processing via the Flexicoking process and/or partial oxidation; potential product utilization schemes, including direct uses and various upgrading options; the EDS project schedule for 1977-83, including the expected startup of the 250 ton/day liquefaction pilot plant in May 1980 and a 70 ton/day Flexicoking prototype unit in Feb. 1982; and the results of a recent cost study which showed that an EDS plant incorporating Flexicoking and partial oxidation of the bottoms (without recycling) to convert 28,000 tons/day of Illinois No. 6 coal to 62,000 bbl/day fuel oil equivalent of product would involve an investment of $3.7 billion and a required initial selling price for the C/sub 3/ plus liquid product of $48/bbl, based on 100% equity financing.


Phytochromes are ubiquitous photoreceptors found in plants, eukaryotic algae, bacteria and fungi. Particularly, when bacteriophytochrome is irradiated with light, a Z‐to‐E (photo)isomerization takes place in the biliverdin chromophore as part of the Pr‐to‐Pfr conversion. This photoisomerization is concomitant with a bathochromic shift in the Q‐band. Based on experimental evidence, we studied a possible keto–enol tautomerization of BV, as an alternative reaction channel after its photoisomerization. In this contribution, the noncatalyzed and water‐assisted reaction pathways for the lactam–lactim interconversion through consecutive keto–enol tautomerization of a model BV species were studied deeply. It was found that in the absence of water molecules, the proton transfer reaction is unable to take place at normal conditions, due to large activation energies, and the endothermic formation of lactim derivatives prevents its occurrence. However, when a water molecule assists the process by catalyzing the proton transfer reaction, the activation free energy lowers considerably. The drastic lowering in the activation energy for the keto–enol tautomerism is due to the stabilization of the water moiety through hydrogen bonds along the reaction coordinate. The absorption spectra were computed for all tautomers. It was found that the UV–visible absorption bands are in reasonable agreement with the experimental data. Our results suggest that although the keto–enol equilibrium is likely favoring the lactam tautomer, the equilibrium could eventually be shifted in favor of the lactim, as it has been reported to occur in the dark reversion mechanism of bathy phytochromes.


"Introduction. The paper presents some findings of the Erasmus+ project IPEDU, which aims to include intellectual property education, more specifically industrial property, in the curriculum of technical universities, through training the teaching, support staff and librarians. We present selected results of the first two project stages for Slovenia, which is one of the project partners. Methods. Initial stages of the project assess the current level of inclusion of industrial property topics into higher education curricula and labour market needs. Samples include Slovenian technical sciences faculties, and employers of technical profiles with needs for industrial property knowledge. Online surveys are used for data collection. Results. General, not positive, alignment was found in terms of expected competencies: Companies do not place high priorities on industrial property competencies of their non-law employees. Furthermore, many higher education institutions do not include these topics in their teaching. Industrial property teaching is needed, but not done, which implies the need for educators-employers dialogue. A relatively traditional image of libraries emerges, as they are usually not involved in teaching. This provides an excellent opportunity for libraries to evolve and become more proactive. Conclusions. Our findings offer a valuable contribution to the planning of a systematic and holistic intellectual property curriculum for technical studies within the European Union."


Calcom SA, PSE, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland$EVWUDFWThe appearance of hot tears, a very severe defect in castings, is a major limitation to theproduction of foundry cast parts and to the productivity of continuous casting processes such asthe direct chill casting of aluminum alloys. As an example, the casting speed of the direct chillcasting of billets is limited for some aluminum alloys because of their high propensity to develophot tears, which initiate at non-zero liquid fraction at the bottom of the sump.In order to predict the occurrence of hot tears in solidifying parts, a hot tearing criterion based onthe ability of the interdendritic flow of liquid to compensate for the thermally-induceddeformation of the roots of the dendrites has been recently derived by Rappaz, Drezet andGremaud [1]. Based upon a mass balance performed over the liquid and solid phases, thiscriterion accounts for the deformation of the solid skeleton and for feeding of the interdendriticliquid: it allows for the calculation of the pressure drop in the liquid at the roots of the dendrites.If the pressure falls below a given cavitation pressure, hot tears will initiate and propagate.The present paper gives a summary of the main features and assumptions of the new hot tearingcriterion. The equations defining the hot cracking sensitivity index in the particular case of auniform thermally-induced deformation rate in the mushy zone are presented. The influence ofthe solidification path for the AA6063 alloy is studied.This criterion has been implemented in a FEM thermo-mechanical model of the DC casting ofround billets of aluminum alloys. It is shown that the bottom of the sump is more sensitive to hottearing than the primary cooling zone and that the casting speed has a large influence on theappearance of hot tears, as observed in production. Finally, it is shown that the criteriondeveloped by Clyne and Davies [2], when applied to the same conditions, yields the oppositetrend.Paper presented at Light Metals, Cast Shop Technology, 2001 TMS Annual Meeting,New Orleans, Louisiana, February 2001.


159 IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF THE LYMPHOMA‐ INITIATING CELL (LIC) POPULATION IN AN ALCL MOUSE MODEL A.L. Illert* | S. Kreutmair | C. Klingeberg | G. Andrieux | C. Miething | M. Follo | D. Pfeifer | M. Boerries | J. Duyster Dept. of Medicine Div. Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany; Systems Biology and Systems Medicine at the DKFZ Partner Site Freiburg ‐ Member of the German Cancer Consortium Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Albert‐Ludwigs‐ University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany


Equations were developed which describe the closed loop feedback system operation of a proposed ultrasonic, dynamic, nonintrusive flowmeter whose design is based on a constant phase, voltage controlled frequency feedback concept. These equations are based on linear feedback system theory. The time constant of a low pass filter is taken into account. The equations show that the larger the open loop gain, the smaller the error due to fluctuations in the speed of sound and the smaller the effective time constant.


Abstract Conclusions: Despite the innovations in cochlear implant (CI) technology in recent years, some auditory tasks remain difficult for CI recipients. This work proposes the creation of specific maps for telephone communication (via conventional phone and via Internet protocol, VoIP). In light of our preliminary results, we believe that our experimental maps might improve conventional telephone and Internet communications for CI recipients. Objectives: This study aimed to: (1) analyze the spectro-temporal characteristics of the signals; (2) evaluate speech recognition scores using two different types of telephone communication; and (3) change some map parameters on the basis of the previous signal analysis, to obtain a specific map for telephone use. Methods: Eleven Cochlear™ Nucleus® CI recipients were tested for bisyllabic word recognition in quiet using reproduced voice and transmitted voice via conventional telephone and Skype® using the habitual-ACE (SLB) map, and two experimental maps (F- and V-Map). Results: The results showed a worsening of word recognition scores with SLB-Map via telephone (30.5%) and VoIP (18.6%) compared with those achieved with the same map in an anechoic booth. In the experimental listening conditions, 65% and 54% of patients performed better with F- and V-Map, respectively, up to a maximum of performance improvement by 35% via telephone and 25% via VoIP.


The authors consider the management of liquidity in a commercial bank and examine a model for liquidity management based on the method of liquidity gaps. The prospects for application of this model in practice are discussed.


In this article, a room temperature ammonia sensor on a paper substrate is reported. The electrochemical sensor is constructed using platinum electrodes and ionic liquid electrolyte. The amperometric staircase response shows discernible signal differentiation between each concentration of NH 3 (5–25 ppm). The rise time and fall time for the NH 3 sensor were found to be 8 s and 7 s respectively. The authors believe such a fast responding NH 3 sensor on a paper substrate has never been reported. The detection limit was deduced to be 1 ppm based on the sensitivity versus concentration plot. A 17% decrease in sensor response was observed over 30 days of testing. Implementing an antenna on the paper substrate co-located with the sensor for wireless operation is envisioned in future. © The Author(s) 2017. Published by ECS. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (CC BY, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse of the work in any medium, work


More than eighty developing countries suffer from chronic food deficits and about eight hundred million people live in hunger. By 2025, the world's population may exceed eight billion and food needs in developing countries may double. The challenge for these countries and for their development partners is to assist farmers in achieving food security – the basic right of people to have access to the food they need. This challenge is most critical in low-income, food-deficit countries where little progress in food production has been made in recent decades, leading to a dramatic increase in the number of chronically undernourished people.


Intestinal homeostasis is closely associated with the normal intestinal luminal physiological environment. Temporary loop ileostomy changes the intestinal structure and diverts the fecal stream, thereby disturbing the intestinal environment. This study aimed to clarify the changing situation of the human intestinal mucosa barrier in the absence of a fecal stream after loop ileostomy.


Fast, easily automatable and simple procedure for isolating
circulating mRNA from limited amounts of plasma/serum is highly
required. Promising in this regard could be use of paramagnetic
nanoparticles. Therefore, we compared isolation made by
paramagnetic microparticles with methods commonly used for RNA
isolation (silica columns and Trizol RNA Isolation). Another
aim was to optimize serum isolation protocol using SMPs and to
reduce the need of chemicals and sample volume. The amount of
(a) magnetic particles, (b) oligo (dT)20 probe, and (c) serum
volume were optimized. Consequently, RNA content was measured,
expression of metallothionein was analyzed to demonstrate
measurable RNA content and ability for real-time PCR detection.
Isolation is possible on broad range of serum volumes (10–200
microL) without distinct efficiency, or purity decrease. For
effective RNA isolation, the amount of SMPs can be reduced up
to 5 microL, however, the best results are achieved using 10–30
microL SMPs. The volume of oligo (dT)20 does not affect
isolation efficiency, when used in range 0.1–0.4 microL. In
addition, this optimized protocol was modified to fit needs of
automated one-step single-tube analysis. No significant
differences in MT Ct values were observed between conventional
and modified one-step analysis. Thus, one-step analysis
protocol is considered a promising simplification making RNA
isolation suitable for automatable process.


Abstract: Objective To study the learning and memory ability after chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Methods We adopted the permanent occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries in Wistar rats to produce the chronic forebrain ischemic; The laser Doppler was used to assess the cerebral blood flow,We estimate the performance of the rats in the Morris water maze and other tests. Results After the operation,the rCBF of the frontal lobe and hippocampal were decreased sharply,ard the reduction is progressively; The rats showed progressive cognitive im-pairmert after the operation. Conclusion The rats showed progressive cognitive inpairment following chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.


We study the strength of the electroweak phase transition in models with two light Higgs doublets and a light SU(3)c triplet by means of lattice simulations in a dimensionally reduced effective theory. In the parameter region considered the transition on the lattice is significantly stronger than indicated by a 2-loop perturbative analysis. Within some ultraviolet uncertainties, the finding applies to MSSM with a Higgs mass mh ≈ 126 GeV and shows that the parameter region useful for electroweak baryogenesis is enlarged. In particular (even though only dedicated analyses can quantify the issue), the tension between LHC constraints after the 7 TeV and 8 TeV runs and frameworks where the electroweak phase transition is driven by light stops, seems to be relaxed.


With the great development in the technology of manufacturing knitting machines, and high productivity. There are still some drawbacks that might be overcome by applying novel measurement methods, particularly, in the circular single Jersey knitting machines. The most important of these drawbacks is the laddering defects. In this paper, an online quality control system - the first of its kind - was developed and assembled on the machine and consists of a transmission unit (laser) and a receiving unit (photocell), to detect laddering defects in real-time. Once occurred, the system beeps to draw the attention of the operator and the machine stops automatically, the machine then runs again after the defect is being fixed. Thus, this system can reduce the production of the second degree, raise the level of quality, and reduce the production costs per kilograms of the produced fabric. This system proved its sensitivity and efficiency while the machine runs at the typical production speeds.


The response of a semi‐infinite plasma adjacent to an infinite plane probe is established theoretically when a small‐amplitude alternating potential is superposed on a dc potential. The dc potential distribution in the sheath is found by solving Poisson's equation making use of Bohm's sheath criterion. The linearized Boltzmann‐Vlasov equation for electrons along with the appropriate Maxwell equations are used to formulate a linear integral equation for the perturbed electric field. The average dc electron current is computed which indicates a maximum value (resonance) that depends on the probe potential for frequencies less than the plasma frequency.


thigh and a blister on the 1st finger of the left hand, followed by a pigmented lesion on the thigh. In December 1992, the physician in the same clinic treated him with OFLX 300 mg, ibuprofen 600 mg, lysozyme chloride 270 mg, and Lactobacillus bitidus 3 mg for pharyngitis. That night, he noticed the hyperpigmented lesion on the thigh to be erythematous and pruritic, a blister on the same finger, and erythema on the glans penis and the upper lip. The patient was patch tested with CPFX and OFLX, 10% pet. on the affected area of the thigh, and 10, I, and 0.1% on unaffected skin of the upper arm, but these were negative. Oral challenges with CPFX 200 mg (Fig. 2) and OFLX 100 mg, done separately, produced pruritic erythema at the affected sites within 2 h, while separate oral challenges with ibuprofen, lysozyme chloride, Lactobacillus bitidus, and the vehicles of CPFX produced no change.


We classify all pseudo-supersymmetric extremal near-horizon geometries in minimal five-dimensional de-Sitter supergravity. It is shown that the only such nearhorizon geometry is the near-horizon geometry of the de-Sitter BMPV solution, and hence there are no regular extremal pseudo-supersymmetric asymptotically de-Sitter black rings.


The understanding on the interfaces between different polymorphs of nanosized TiO2 from the perspective of crystallography has great theoretical value for the interface and property design and regulation. In this work, TiO2 (B)/anatase dual‐phase nanofibers containing different interface structures are investigated in detail. The X‐ray diffraction (XRD) is first employed to illustrate the detailed phase evolution during the calcination under different temperatures. Four types of interfaces with different structures are further studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Single crystal form induced different interfaces is confirmed, which is thought to be the universal conclusion in monoclinic crystal systems. Meanwhile, the other two interface structures in {100} single crystal form are also observed in the samples under higher temperature calcination. Invariant line strain calculation is carried out for the four interfaces. The calculated crystallographic features agree well with the observed results. Furthermore, taken [010]TB//[001]TA as the rotation axis, the orientation difference of the single crystal form induced interfaces is confirmed to be 72.5°, corresponding to the β angle of TiO2 (B). The orientation relationships of the other two interfaces in {100} single crystal form can also be achieved by 7.5° and −4.5° rotation from the interface with the same single crystal form.


The anti-microbial activity of green tea (GT) and green tea polyphenols (GTPP) on Vibrio harveyi was investigated under different growth conditions: nutrient rich medium (325 agar mixed with GT and GTPP) and low nutrient conditions (sterile seawater) . Studies of its effects on the bacterial microflora in shrimp hepatopancreas were also explored. Both GT and GTPP were found to be effective against V. harveyi. The growth of V. harveyi was inhibited at 400 ppm GTPP and 1, 000 ppm GT on 325 agar plates. Under low nutrient conditions in saline environment simulating the natural habitat for Vibrio species, growth of V. harveyi was inhibited at 300 GTPP and 800 GT. The susceptibilities of bacteria isolated from shrimp hepatopancreas varied with the type of strain at different concentrations of GT and GTPP.


This article proposes to use Norbert Elias' concept of court society in order to understand the way municipalities work regardless of their specificities. The role of the mayor as it is conceived and practiced allows him to develop strategies of control of the other elected representatives of his political majority. By awakening competition between them and placing experts personally attached to him between these possible competitors and the administrative apparatus, the mayor reduces the risk of mobilization of the deputy mayors outside election periods.


Basalt Fibre Reinforced Polymers (BFRP) was feasibly utilized as a preferable replacement to the Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymers (GFRP) due to their superior property and behaviour. Besides, reinforcing nano and micro fillers with basalt fiber will result in even better mechanical properties. In this research study, epoxy resin was blended with Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) hardener, it beneficial to minimize the healing period. For 50% of epoxy resin, the ratio of CNSL hardener was taken as 50%. Standard Hand lay-up technique was utilized to produce the composite structures. In addition, 20g of nano and micro fillers were mixed with each epoxy-CNSL proportion. Accordingly, both (SiC & Banana) filler reinforced composites were fabricated and cut to the ASTM standard. Finally, the result of mechanical properties such as flexural and the impact (Charpy) of silicon carbide (SiC) and banana filler reinforced samples were compared.


he composition, strain and surface morphology of (0001)InGaN layers are investigated as a function of growth temperature (460–645 °C) and impinging In flux. Three different growth regimes: nitrogen-rich, metal-rich and intermediate metal-rich, are clearly identified and found to be in correlation with surface morphology and strain relaxation. Best epilayers' quality is obtained when growing under intermediate metal-rich conditions, with 1–2 monolayers thick In ad-coverage. For a given In flux, the In incorporation decreases with increasing growth temperature due to InN thermal decomposition that follows an Arrhenius behavior with 1.84±0.12 eV activation energy.


Introduction to the stress process the stress process in young people stress reduction interventions talking to young people about stress and coping mental ways of coping with stress physical ways of coping with stress study skills and time management communication and interpersonal skills treating yourself right conclusions.


Favourite of contemporary economic model is the area with an unusual name - Peripherals. In terms of the renowned McKinsey's experts, «periphery» means the new, emerging markets or newly established companies in any sector. It is the periphery where the latest technology and products with breakthrough potential emerge. Consequently, the periphery of the business sector is a hidden horizon, which can be identified only by the means of Foresight.Johnson & Johnson regularly implements corporate Foresight. The company therefore succeeds to stay ahead of the curve for a long time and dominate the global market.


The formation of materials with negative thermal expansion (NTE) based on a phase transition-type mechanism (NTE-II) in 50 T–x (temperature–composition) RF3-R'F3 (R = La-Lu) systems out of 105 possible is predicted. The components of these systems are "mother" RF3 compounds (R = Pm, Sm, Eu, and Gd) with polymorphic transformations (PolTrs), which occur during heating between the main structural types of RF3: β-(β-YF3) → t-(mineral tysonite LaF3). The PolTr is characterized by a density anomaly: the formula volume (Vform) of the low-temperature modification (Vβ-) is higher than that of the high-temperature modification (Vt-) by a giant value (up to 4.7%). In RF3-R'F3 systems, isomorphic substitutions chemically modify RF3 by forming R1−xR'xF3 solid solutions (ss) based on both modifications. A two-phase composite (β-ss + t-ss) is a two-component NTE-II material with adjustable parameters. The prospects of using the material are estimated using the parameter of the average volume change (ΔV/Vav). The Vav at a fixed gross composition of a system is determined by the β-ss and t-ss decay (synthesis) curves and the temperature T. The regulation of ΔV/Vav is achieved by changing T within a "window ΔT". The available ΔT values are determined using phase diagrams. A chemical classification (ChCl) translates the search for NTE-II materials from 15 RF3 into an array of 105 RF3-R'F3 systems. Phase diagrams are divided into 10 types of systems (TypeSs), in four of which NTE-II materials are formed. The tables of the systems that comprise these TypeSs are presented. The position of Ttrans of the PolTr on the T scale for a short quasi-system (QS) "from PmF3 to TbF3" determines the interval of the ΔTtrans offset achievable in the RF3-R'F3 systems: from −148 to 1186 ± 10 °C. NTE-II fluoride materials exceed known NTE-II materials by almost three times in this parameter. Equilibrium in RF3-R'F3 systems is established quickly. The number of qualitatively different two-component fluoride materials with the giant NTE-II can be increased by more than ten times compared to RF3 with NTE-II.


This thesis is focused on reorganization of delivery service from the point of view of postman´s workload and the importance of the quality of the provided service. The first part is intended on characterizing the Czech post office state enterprise and it´s importance for the society. It´s also intended on the system of delivery service. The second part is analyzing the postmen´s workload and is intended on the post delivery in the area of Usti nad Labem.The aim of this thesis is to suggest, to analyte and to interpret the given alternatives of the delivery service reorganization from the point of view of the efficiency of the provided services, and also the posible duration of the given alternatives.


Using the traffic simulation software of vissim to simulate traffic operation condition before and after the expressway ETC construction.To combine traffic parameters with traffic safety,economic benefits,and energy environment,build up the ETC social benefit evaluation index system.To mix the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)with data envelopment analysis(DEA),do the super efficiency analysis of social benefits on the ETC construction under different traffic flow conditions.


Decrease of Hatchability(80.3%) and increase of weak chicken rate(16.5%) emerged in a large Highland Brown breeding poultry hatchery of Shandong province,and one Bordetella avium strain was isolated from its 18-day-old chick embryos and was named isolate LL09.Then its 23S rRNA sequence was amplified and antibiotic resistance was analyzed.The results showed that the 23S rRNA sequence from isolate LL09 showed maximum similarity of 100% with the gene from strain XT09,96.2% ~ 96.6% with the other eight B.avium strains,and 95.8% with NC-010645.Among 47 detected drugs,this isolate showed completely resistant to 28 drugs,low-sensitive to 6 drugs and only sensitive to 13 drugs.Resistant drugs included cephalosporins,penicillins,Monocyclic lactam,macrolides,glycopeptides,sulfa etc.Only effects of part of quinolones,aminoglycosides and furans were perfect.


Domains like bioinformatics are complexdata integration domains because data from remote sources and specialized applications need to be combined to answer queries. An important characteristic of such a domain is that actions may be mutually exclusive or causally related. Moreover, there is (partially complete) domain specific knowledge about how queries should be answered since an average user is a sophisticated domain expert. Query plans in these domains should not only answer the query but also respect any user intent or domain guidance provided to improve the perceived quality of the result and query execution time. Previously, methods like rule inversion and view unfolding have been found to be more effective than AI planning in obtaining access sequences for sources without interactions, a case when sources are just repositories of data. We present a solution in SHQPlanner, a hierarchical temporal planner for query planning and execution monitoring in complex domains based on previous theoretical work on HTN planning with partial domain knowledge on one hand and temporal reasoning for query cost on the other. SHQPlanner is a sound, complete, and efficient domain-independent query planner that can incorporate partial query decomposition, source preferences, data and application interaction, and temporal constraints.


A method is provided for decoking a radiation coil in an ethylene cracking plant. The decoking process is controlled by monitoring the coil exit temperature to control the coke combustion rate in the radiant coil. Air flow, steam flow and coil outlet temperature are controlled during the decoking process to prevent tube damage, minimize decoking time and maximize coke removal.


The US Home Team is responsible for the design and fabrication of the inner module for the ITER Central Solenoid Model Coil, to be installed and tested at JAERI, Japan. The design of the coil has been completed and the fabrication is being carried out. In the first phase, all the tooling for the fabrication have been installed, facilities established, process specification developed and materials procured. The fabrication approach will be confirmed by various trials, and fabrication of two full-size dummy layers. Following this, the fabrication of the 10 layer module occurs between June 1996 and December 1997. The paper describes the tooling and facilities, the process and supporting R&D. Progress in the fabrication is reported.


The present invention relates to a cosmetic make-up composition, the composition contains a dye in a cosmetically acceptable medium, the dye contains at least one metal coating with coated glass particles. The present invention further relates to a cosmetic method cosmetic keratinous substances. The resulting cream had flickering metallic luster and wear.


The emigration of mature thymocytes from the thymus is critical for establishing peripheral T cell compartments. However, the pathways controlling this process and the timing of egress in relation to postselection developmental stages are poorly defined. Here, we reexamine thymocyte egress and test current and opposing models in relation to the requirement for LTβR, a regulator of thymic microenvironments and thymocyte emigration. Using cell-specific gene targeting, we show that the requirement for LTβR in thymocyte egress is distinct from its control of thymic epithelium and instead maps to expression by endothelial cells. By separating emigration into sequential phases of perivascular space (PVS) entry and transendothelial migration, we reveal a developmentally ordered program of egress where LTβR operates to rate limit access to the PVS. Collectively, we show the process of thymic emigration ensures only the most mature thymocytes leave the thymus and demonstrate a role for LTβR in the initiation of thymus emigration that segregates from its control of medulla organization. which this key regulator influences thymic emigration is unknown. Here, we investigate thymus emigration and reevaluate the role of LTβR in this process. By deletion of LTβR in specific thymic stroma compartments, we show that absence of LTβR expression by TECs disrupts medulla formation, but not thymic egress. Rather, LTβR regulates thymocyte emigration via expression on endothelial cells, where it controls access to perivascular portals for thymic egress. We also identify a conveyor belt mechanism of thymocyte emigration that is established independently of LTβR and demonstrate a role for LTβR in determining the rate of conveyor belt exit. Overall, we define LTβR-independent and -de-pendent mechanisms of thymic export, where endothelial LTβR expression controls the rate of ordered thymocyte egress via the perivascular route.


Central nervous system pathways involving pain modulation shape the pain experience in patients with chronic pain. The aims of this study were to understand the mechanisms underlying pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to identify brain signals that may serve as imaging markers for developing targeted treatments for RA‐related pain.


This paper describes the characteristics of PHIFI, an interactive system for the visualization of scalar and vector fields. PHIFI has been developed at the IAC where applications of the system have also been investigated.


Recent studies involving measurements of weak C02 bands in the near-infrared were undertaken primarily to provide improved absorption parameters to model the night-side emission spectrum of Venus.


Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an invasive procedure and can produce moderate to severe abdominal pain. Limited information is available regarding pain assessment after the procedure. This study aims to compare the pain scores between diagnostic and therapeutic procedures within 24 hours post-ERCP in adult patients. We prospectively analyzed the patients who underwent ERCP from February to November 2007. Pain scores and pain medications used at 2, 6, 12, 18, and 24 hours post-procedure were studied. One hundred and seventy-seven patients, 29 with a diagnostic ERCP (group D) and 148 with a therapeutic ERCP (group T), were enrolled. The mean pain scores at baseline were not significantly different between the two groups. The mean pain scores at two and six hours post-ERCP in group T were significantly higher than in group D (P=0.035 and 0.020, respectively). The scores at the other periods of time in both groups were not significantly different. The total dose of pethidine used for pain control after ERCP in both groups was not significantly different. In conclusion, ERCP-induced abdominal pain mainly occurs within six hours after the procedure. Therapeutic ERCP has a higher pain score than that of diagnostic ERCP only at two and six hours post-ERCP.


With the development of artificial intelligence technology in the field of logistics storage and distribution, logistics and artificial intelligence supply chain have brought new changes to the intelligent era (such as intelligent hardware, mass computing and network technology). and this impact is mainly realized by improving the efficiency of logistics technology. In order to further improve the efficiency of logistics industry, we should vigorously develop artificial intelligence technology, narrow the development gap of regional artificial intelligence, and improve the breadth and depth of artificial intelligence technology applied to logistics industry. This paper mainly explores the application of artificial intelligence in logistics, applies this technology to the logistics industry, uses artificial intelligence algorithm to accurately calculate the best path of actual distribution of logistics warehousing, and provides support for the choice of its path at the algorithm level. The use of artificial intelligence can accurately predict the inventory, and at the same time, it can also play a role in optimizing inventory measures. The unified algorithm falls into the local optimum too early, and can't consider the global distribution problem, which leads to the high cost of logistics warehousing and distribution path algorithm. Therefore, the optimization method of logistics warehousing and distribution path based on improved swarm intelligence optimization algorithm is studied. Highlight the use value of artificial intelligence technology, and make it develop towards the level of intelligent and automatic logistics and warehousing. Promote the deep integration of artificial intelligence technology with the traditional logistics industry chain, improve the production capacity of the whole chain of artificial intelligence logistics, and promote the development of the warehousing and distribution industry chain of artificial intelligence logistics.


Emerging technologies are under research for future VLSI circuits. Memristor crossbar is one of the promising candidates due to its scalability, non-volatility, etc. Non-volatile logic circuits based on memristor crossbar have been proposed recently. However, these logic circuits can merely map a single building block (e.g., 1-bit full adder) on a crossbar, and how to map multiple building blocks on a crossbar is not addressed, which is crucial to implement a VLSI circuit. This paper proposes a scheme to map multiple building blocks on memristor crossbar, which can simultaneously optimize the delay for each block. In addition, two techniques to optimize the design in terms of delay, area and power consumption are proposed. To illustrate the potential of the proposed mapping scheme, multi-bit adders are used as a case study; their delay, area and power costs for both crossbar and its CMOS controller are evaluated. The results show that the optimized designs reduce area (>23%), delay (>26%) and power consumption (>21%) as compared to initial designs. Finally, our designs are compared with state-of-the-art.


Based on the facts, the lack of equity in LTE service quality is caused by several factors that exist in the BTS antenna transmission. One area that is still experiencing problems with the lack of network speed and good signal service quality is the Sungai Bundung Laut area of Mempawah Regency. In this study to optimize the transmission of LTE signals in the area, tilting measurements on sectoral antennas are needed. The purpose of this research is to analyze the actual value of tilting changes in the sectoral antenna and analyze the results of LTE signal quality at the mobile station before and after physical tunning and analyze the results of optimization of good and bad levels of LTE signal quality at the mobile station in XL site Sungai Bundung Laut Mempawah Regency. This measurement is done by adjusting the degree angle in 3 antenna sectors using physical tunning and optimization methods. In the physical tunning method, the results obtained in sector 1 are a change in the polarization of the downtilt antenna to Uptilt from 6° to 2°, then a change in the Azimuth angle from 85º to 120º. For sector 2 there is a change in Mechanical Downtilt which is changed from 1° to 3°. And in sector 3 there is a change in Electrical tilt which is from 3° to 4°. Whilethe optimization method can change the results of the RSRP signal quality level for the L900 frequency before optimization the overall value is 93.10%, after optimization it becomes 96.16%, from the optimization results there is an increase of 3.05%. For SINR before optimization the overall value amounted to 90.99%, after optimization it became 96.72%, from the optimization results there was an increase of 5.73%. As for changes in RSRP at frequency L1800 before optimization, the overall value amounted to 96.23%, after optimization it became 96.98%, from the optimization results there was an increase of 0.75%. As for SINR before optimization the overall value amounted to 96.99%, after optimization it became 98.02% from the optimization results there was an increase of 1.02%.