This paper proposes a new method to model wind generation in power system reliability evaluation that not only considers the uncertainty of wind speed and mechanical failures of wind turbines but also includes the impacts of wind's low inertia property. Due to the stochasticity and low inertia of wind generation, power system stability and reliability are significantly affected. When wind generators are integrated into the grid, a strategy to ensure the system stability is that wind generators are required to operate at a lower level than their maximum available output power. The effect of this requirement is that not all of the available wind power will be used in the system, which in turn affects the contribution of wind generation in power system availability. The proposed model is implemented using Monte Carlo methods. For every system state, the maximum integrated amount of wind power is determined based on frequency regulation requirements. Then, this amount of power is used along with the stochastic model of wind speed in the reliability modeling. The proposed method is demonstrated on the IEEE RTS system. Power system reliability with and without considering the impacts of wind stochasticity and low inertia are compared to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Developments in the field of social robotics have increasingly played with the boundaries between human and machine, using remote or tele-presence technological innovations as a way to mediate or revolutionize humanmachine interactions. This paper explores one such development, namely the roboticization of care labour in the realm of education, and the ways in which it brokers relationships between human and non-human interaction. Drawing on fieldwork in the Philippines and South Korea and using the telepresence robotic innovation of Engkey as a case study, this paper describes practices that represent the convergence of technology, politics, and intimacies that shape the complexities of contemporary forms of labour migration, articulations of gendered and racialized "skill," and changing relationships between human and non-human. The paper argues that these relationships are intentionally produced mediations of care: gendered and racialized hierarchies that produce new forms of affective labour and sociality that are governed by modes of simultaneous disembodiment and embodiment, immobility and mobility, and marketized statecraft through vocabularies of innovation and exploitation. These technologically produced mediations of care have implications for how we understand the connections between human and machine and how labour and sociality are ultimately brokered in the context of a neoliberal and capitalist world order.


The invention relates to method for operating a floor milling machine, in particular a soil stabilizer and / or a recycler, a floor milling machine, in particular a soil stabilizer and / or a recycler, with a mobile part, in particular for performing the method, and a handset for a ground milling machine. The basic idea of the invention is to provide default values for dosing and / or process parameters on the handset during the ongoing operating process to the ground milling machine.


A two-strain epidemic model with differential susceptibility and mutation is formulated and analyzed in this paper. The susceptible population is divided into two subgroups according to the vaccine that provides complete protection against one of the strains (strain two) but only partial against the other (strain one). The explicit formulae for the basic reproduction number and invasion reproduction number corresponding to each strain with and without mutation are derived, respectively. It is shown that there exist exclusive equilibria and coexistence equilibria, even if the reproduction number is below one. The stability of the disease-free equilibrium, strain dominance with or without mutation are investigated. The persistence of the disease is also briefly discussed. Numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the results.


Large-scale production of Nano fibres requires quality control. Uniformity in fibrous structures plays an important role in defining appearance, performance, etc. For example, in filtration processes, web performance is largely dependent on the uniformity of the web. In this paper, image analysis method based on mottle and graininess algorithms for Nano-web uniformity measurement was proposed. An appropriate computer program based on ISO-13660 standard mottle and graininess algorithms was developed and uniformity of the Black and White images were measured. Image processing algorithm is applied on two types of images: simulated and real Nano-web images. The result indicates that the attempt to use the mottle and graininess algorithms for determining Nano-web uniformity measurement has been successful. Also, inverse of graininess are reasonably good in evaluating uniformity of Nano-web. This method has capability of being used as on-line technique for quality control of Nano-web uniformity.


We propose a new strategy to compute large electromagnetic scattering problems with magnetic field integral equations (MFIE). This strategy replaces Rao-Wilton-Glisson (RWG) basis functions with linear-linear (LL) basis functions to improve the calculation accuracy and uses the characteristic basis function method (CBFM) to alleviate the computational consumption caused by doing this. This process reduces memory requirement and iteration time greatly via reducing the number of unknowns. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the merits of the proposed method.


Making the leap to become a freelancer is daunting enough, but once established how do we ensure our business has staying power? Thank you to our experienced freelancers who share their top tips for longevity. Never let it be said that OOOO is one-sided – our newbie contribution comes from Tania Kotsokechagia who reports on her first ever EMWA conference. Our new 'Day in the Life' series begins with an interesting insight into the lives of fellow medical writers, Wendy Kingdom from the UK and Ingrid Edsman from Sweden. As freelancers, our organisational skills are certainly tested with the busy and varied lives we lead! Legal matters can be a daunting aspect for any business owner but cannot be ignored, so we are grateful to Tim Bradburn from the Professional Contractors Group (PCG) for his helpful commentary on the legalities of managing a business. We include Gina Dungworth's entertaining piece describing the diverse range of blogs she writes alongside her day job authoring healthcare documents. This is with sincere apologies as this should have featured in March's edition of OOOO but due to an oversight on our part it is included this time. Tool box introduces the electronic notetaking software, Evernote, while Freelance Foraging takes on a nautical theme. After a tremendously successful new-look Freelance Business Forum (FBF) in Budapest in May 2014, we look forward to welcoming you to the FBF on Thursday 6 November 2014 at 17.15 in Florence. Experienced freelancers will again be on hand to share tips and answer your questions in the same relaxed networking atmosphere that we all so enjoyed in Budapest. Make a date in your diary and we'll see you there!


The formation of fracture system in Songliao basin controlled by its evolutionary pattern has influenced filling series and oil-gas distribution during each evolutional stage. According to its origin and features, the fracture system in west district of southern Songliao basin has been classified into growth-like system of faulted stage that controls the formation and development of faulted basin group, spread-like system of depressed stage that controls hydrocarbon accumulation series and distribution and reversed system that allows to remigration of hydrocarbon. The origin mechanism, distribution characteristic as well as the similarity and differentiation in different evolutional stages of the fracture system, etc. are systematically reviewed. All of these have improved the reservoir conditions or qualities and been favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation.


interest of academic freedom and the advancement of national defense-related concepts. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the United States government. This publication has been reviewed by security and policy review authorities and is cleared for public release. ii Contents Chapter Page ABSTRACT v IRAN-IRAQ AIR WAR CHRONOLOGY vii ABOUT THE AUTHOR ix INTRODUCTION xi Notes xiii 1 ORGANIZATION 1 Origins of the Ba'athist Movement 1 Iraqi Military Political Involvement 2 Organization of the Air Force 3 Organizational Summary 5 Notes 6 2 TRAINING 7 Abstract The Iraqi Air Force failed to live up to its prewar billing during Operation Desert Storm. Touted by many sources as an experienced, aggressive power before the war, Saddam's air force turned out to be quite the opposite. This paper explains why the Iraqi performance in Desert Storm was predictable: Nonindustrialized, third world nations are incapable of fielding a decisive, conventional air force. To illustrate the point, this essay studies Iraq's performance in the war against Iran. During the conflict, the Iraqi air force obtained all the equipment and training money could buy, but after eight years of combat experience it still made only minor contributions in a war effort against an equal foe. Each country is unique, but the same vulnerabilities that restrained Iraq's forces affect every other nonindustrialized nation. The inability of third world nations to independently organize, train, and equip air forces to decisive levels is inevitable. Avoiding large, wasted sums of money fielding a force of questionable value should lead these countries to alternative forms of aerial warfare. December:-The war begins with Iraqi air strikes on Iranian airfields.-Iraqi land forces invade Iran.-Iraq loses 60 aircraft by the end of the year. June: August-December:-Iraq unilaterally halts city attacks.-Series of attacks on Kharg Island using the AS-30 laser guided bomb for the first time.-Iranian fighters destroy 46 Iraqi aircraft at Al-Walid Airfield.-Israeli fighters destroy the Osirak nuclear facility outside Baghdad.


IN closing his epistle to the Romans that compact and comprehensive exposition of toe gospel in its adaptation alike to the Jewish and to the Gentile world the apostle Paul gives, in few words, a summary of Christianity as a final revelation of the one absolute and universal religion. In Rom. xvi. 2527, in the condensed phrases of a single sentence in form a doxology the origin and the mission of Christianity are set forth in almost every f~ature and function that could characterize a revelation as being complete and final: its historic continuity in the scri~ tures; its gradual unveiling through the ages; its concentrated manifestation in the ministry· of Christ; the univeraality of itt! sphere; the permanence and the absolute supremacy of its office as the religion appointed of God for the enlightenment and the reformation of.mankind. In these particulars, the close of the epistle tallies exactly with its opening.2 There, Paul speaks of the gospel which God "had promised afore by his prophets in the holy scriptures;" and here he describes the gospel as made known or opened up "by the scriptures of the prophElt8." There he speaks of Jesus Christ, his incarnation and his resurrection 'from the dead, as the very "gospel of God" ; and here the preaching of Jesus Christ is the full revealing of that ., mystery" which though" kept secret" as to the


Ibuprofen is not completely removed in wastewater treatment plants, and consequently, it may enter the soil through irrigation with reclaimed water. Subsequently, due to the reversible adsorption which takes place in the soil, this emerging pollutant can become bioavailable for plants. The adsorption reversibility of this anti-inflamma tory compound on four agricultural soils was quantified with adsorption-desorption experiments. The adsorption was found to be almost linear, with a minimum n ads of 0.76 and a maximum of 1.08. In contrast, desorption was nonlinear, with a n des which ranged from 0.84 to 2.75. The hysteresis index values were low, ranging from 0.42 to 0.66; hence the process takes place reversibly. In addition, ibuprofen was found to be moderately fixed in the soils studied, with organic carbon distribution coefficient (K OC ) values which ranged between 139.75 and 238.17 L/kg. Therefore, we conclude that this pollutant could be bioavailable for soil microorganisms or plants exposed to it and may reach groundwater by leaching.


Objective:To abstract ergosterol from Xanthochrous hispidus(Bull.exfr.)Pat.and determinate it's contains by HPLC.Methods:The content of ergosterol was detected by HPLC,Chromatographic separation was carried out with an KromosilTM C18(5μm,150mm×4.6mm) under isocratic conditions methanol and water(90∶10) as the mobile phase at a flow-rate of 1.0mL/min.The UV detection wavelength was set at 270nm.Results:Ergosterol has a good linearity within 44~220μg/mL r=0.9998(n=5) and the average recovery was 99.71% with RSD 2.62%.Conclusions:This method is simple,accurate and can be used for the quality control of Xanthochrous hispidus(Bull.exfr.)Pat.


Use some contaminated site (D-block) in Chongqing of China as the experiment site, this paper studies effects of different sampling density (layout grid spacing) on the contaminated area and determination of contaminated boundary in system layout method of environmental monitoring, and then discusses the relationship between sampling density and contaminated distribution in system layout method according to the experiment result. The experiment result indicates that: in a certain range, increase the sampling density, contamination distribution will be more accurate; too big sampling density is not practical; for the common sites with unknown or large-range contaminated distribution, 10m×10m is the recommended layout sampling density.


Streets function both as circulation area for vehicles and vital public space for city people. Street edge is a crucial feature that create the character of the street. In urban residential area, usually boundary element creates the edge of its adjoining streets. If the formation of boundary element integrates with its surroundings properly, it will establish coherence with public and private space, which can enhance one's urban experience. Dhaka, the bustling metropolis of Bangladesh, is undergoing rapid expansion in residential sector, which is mainly concentrating on individual architectural structures, instead of taking into account the entire urban region as an integrated entity. In most cases, it has been observed that individual buildings are ignoring the outer public environment by constructing solid boundary walls. This type of solid boundary element entirely separates the public and private space that creates negative impact on street environment. Hence, the primary purpose of this research is to investigate the present condition of street edges in Dhaka's urban residential areas, as well as to assess the influence of various forms of street edges on their adjacent spaces. Therefore, a small segment of Dhanmondi residential area in Dhaka has been selected as survey area. This study was mainly based on field survey and observation. Sources of secondary data were journals, books, information from websites and so on. It is found that, street edges which are physically and visually permeable make positive impact on dwellers and commuters


Corporate America has for too long deceived, disrespected and ignored Indian people. Energy companies have pillaged tribal lands for oil and gas and underpaid Indians for rights-of-way across allotted lands. Powerhouse financial institutions that were either unable or unwilling to assist tribes Before Casinos ("B.C.") – before Indian gaming blossomed into a multi-billion dollar industry – are now roaming the halls of tribal administration buildings trying to land large Indian financial investment accounts or commercial loans. Insurance companies, which also gave little attention to Indian people B.C., now pocket lucrative tribal premiums. It is high time Indian Country insist and ensure that Big Business, which eloquently talks the talk of tribal sovereignty, also walks the walk. The intent of this particular article is to help Indian tribes and Alaska Native Corporations convey that message to their friends in the multi-trillion dollar insurance industry. Native people are paying millions upon millions of dollars in insurance premiums each year to ensure the protection of the tribal treasury and other Indian assets. But do you know that those expensive insurance contracts that purport to safeguard Indian property and monies probably waive tribal sovereignty, jurisdiction and immunity? Now increasingly drawn to the reservation by the $23 billion Indian gaming industry, insurers and their agents sell tribes on how they will "protect the tribe and its sovereignty" – and they command fiveor six-figure premiums to do so, at least ostensibly. But those same insurers commonly retain discount lawyers with no Indian legal experience to defend tribal insureds from attack. And when sued by tribal insureds for contractual insurance coverage, those same insurers routinely object to the jurisdiction and authority of tribes and their courts. When all's said and done, the insurance industry is responsible for many federal and state court decisions that have eroded away tribal jurisdiction over reservation-based disputes. Indian Country must take a renewed approach to insurance procurement. Tribes and Alaska Native Corporations can no longer afford to treat their insurance polices as form contracts, by rubber stamping whatever insurance agents are packaging and selling. Rather, Indian business leaders and tribal lawyers must approach and negotiate those two-inch thick insurance policies/contracts as they would a multi-million dollar real estate acquisition or commercial loan transaction. Tribal insureds now must get what they deserve in exchange for those exorbitant premiums– business partners who will make decisions, or honor tribal decisions, that are in the best interest of the tribe and all of Indian Country. What follows are some practical tips for Indian decision-makers to ensure that the insurance they purchase not only maximizes the protection that should be afforded to tribal assets, but does not waive Indian sovereignty, jurisdiction and immunity.


We announce an analogue of the celebrated theorem by Campbell, Baker, Hausdorff, and Dynkin for the $q$-exponential $\exp_q(x)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} \frac{x^n}{[n]_q!}$, with the usual notation for $q$-factorials: $[n]_q!:=[n-1]_q!\cdot(q^n-1)/(q-1)$ and $[0]_q!:=1$. Our result states that if $x$ and $y$ are non-commuting indeterminates and $[y,x]_q$ is the $q$-commutator $yx-q\,xy$, then there exist linear combinations $Q_{i,j}(x,y)$ of iterated $q$-commutators with exactly $i$ $x$'s, $j$ $y$'s and $[y,x]_q$ in their central position, such that $\exp_q(x)\exp_q(y)=\exp_q\!\big(x+y+\sum_{i,j\geq 1}Q_{i,j}(x,y)\big)$. Our expansion is consistent with the well-known result by Schutzenberger ensuring that one has $\exp_q(x)\exp_q(y)=\exp_q(x+y)$ if and only if $[y,x]_q=0$, and it improves former partial results on $q$-deformed exponentiation. Furthermore, we give an algorithm which produces conjecturally a minimal generating set for the relations between $[y,x]_q$-centered $q$-commutators of any bidegree $(i,j)$, and it allows us to compute all possible $Q_{i,j}$.


The stress distributions of single-lap adhesive joints subjected to external bending moments are analyzed as a three-body contact problem by using a two-dimensional theory of elasticity. In the analysis, two similar adherends and an adhesive are replaced by finite strips, respectively. In the numerical calculations, the effects of the ratio of Young's modulus of adherends to that of adhesive and the adhesive thickness on the stress distribution at the interface are examined. As the results, it is found that the stress singularity occurs near the edges of the interface, and the peel stress at the edges of the interface increase with a decrease of Young's modulus of adherends. In addition, photo-elastic experiments are carried out. A fairly good agreement is obtained between the analytical and the experimental results.


We live in a forest of people, and the primary purpose of schooling, no matter what the subject area, is to help students learn to interact with one another in a way that is positive and supportive. There was a day when we tried to build one culture which blended all nationalities into a people that could be described as uniquely American. Today we are forced to change our perspective, to look at our nation, and our world, as one in which many distinct cultures interact closely without giving up their own unique characteristics. Such a world requires people who have learned to respect one another, appreciate one another, adjust to one another, and assist one another. The alternative, we know without a doubt, can lead only to the total destruction of the environment upon which the whole forest of people depends. At present, one of my professional projects is focused on creating musical play materials that are developmentally appropriate for students ages four to six, preschool to first grade level. My own philosophy of teaching is the basis of my motivation to work with learning centers in music. centers for young children. Every person entering the profession of music education needs to have a reasoned base for action; one must do more than teach as one has been taught. Therefore, each teacher of music needs to critically analyze the "why" and the "what" of teaching. And, a teacher's belief system needs to be continuously refined in order to keep that system appropriate to the time and place where one lives and works.


Coaxial connectors can be used either to probe the electrical properties of microwave circuits (e.g., microstrip, stripline) or as a permanent interface to the circuit. When used as a permanent interface, connectors can degrade circuit performance unless their electrical properties are characterized and accounted for during circuit design. Although it is more common to characterize microwave devices using scattering parameters (Collin, 1966) Sij, we have chosen to utilize impedance parameters since they simplify the derivation of equations presented in this article. The proposed measurement-based method for connector characterization is exact in the sense that its theoretical foundation uses no approximations or assumptions


Objective:to observe the antiviral effect and influence on lymphocyte and dendritic cell(DC) of autologous cytokine-induced killer cells(CIK) in patient with liver cirrhosis caused by chornic HBV infection.Methods:33 patients with liver cirrhosis caused by HBV chronic infection were treated with CIK.The quantity of lymphocyte subset,mDC and pDC were detected by flow cytometry before and after CIK treatment.The markers of virology and the adverse seaction were also observed.Results:After treatment,HBV DNA in 12 patients couldn′t be detected.The total effective power was 51.5%.HBeAg in 10 patients turned to negative in 14 patients who were positive in HBeAg,among them 5 patients appeared HBeAb conversion. CD8+ T lymphocyte,NKT cell increased in ineffective patients after CIK transfused back,but all of the CD3+,CD4+,CD8+ T lymphocyte and NKT cell increased in effective patients.Besides,the quantity of mDC、 pDC also increased than pre treatment in effective patients.Conclusion:CIK has some antivirol effect in patients with liver cirrhosis caused by chronic HBV infection.Immune cells increase after CIK treatment.


The strength of the institution is the faculty, not the stunning facility, the highly regarded university parent, or the geographic location. The care and feeding of the faculty -- meaning the maintenance of faculty morale -- should be every dean's priority. The annual faculty retreat is one of the keys to good faculty morale.


For reducing the impact of large voltage difference between batteries in battery packs, a battery cell balancing algorithm is proposed in this paper. Based on the 0.18 µm process, the algorithm has been integrated into a 7-cell lithium battery charge and discharge protection chip. The test results show that the algorithm can reliably reduce the voltage difference between batteries and help to prolong the service life of battery packs.


In this paper the design process of a linear electric actuator development for an aircraft engine control lever is described. Initially, a computer model of a linear electric drive with a hexagonal armature was developed and the main parameters of the drive were obtained. Based on the obtained values, a prototype was made. Experimental studies have shown an increased value of the idling efforts, so a decision to refine the prototype was made. In particular, metal shavings were added between the armature magnets, as a result of which the forces were reduced.


The George Gershwin Reader. Edited by Robert Wyatt and John Andrew Johnson. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004. [xiv, 354 p. ISBN 0-19513019-7. $30.00.] Chronology, bibliography, index. The life and music of George Gershwin have occasioned a wide-ranging and voluminous mass of written commentarybeginning in the early 1920s, when the young composer of "Swanee" was celebrated as the hottest new songwriter emerging from Tin Pan Alley, and continuing to the present day. There is relatively little in this body of writing that could properly be considered scholarship, and the material itself has rarely been the subject of systematic scholarly scrutiny. Even items obviously essential to Gershwin studies, like the handful of short but important articles written by the composer himself, go in and out of print in various formats with frustrating regularity. A volume devoted to presenting diverse, representative, and significant material by and about Gershwin in one uniform collection, carefully edited and designed for permanence, would fill a deep and lingering lacuna in the literature on American music. Considering the vast popularity of Gershwin's music, such a volume could also appeal to an unusually large group of readers. Expectations run high, consequently, for The George Gershwin Reader. It gives me no pleasure to report that The George Gershwin Reader fails to fulfill the high expectations it excites. Even worse, it fails for the most basic and egregious of reasons: the editorial methodology is inadequate. Carelessness and inconsistency in editing mar the volume to an alarming degree. Editors of anthologies like The George Gershwin Reader have two principal areas of responsibility. To begin with, the selections must be well chosen, arranged in a logical order, and of course present the original texts with scrupulous accuracy. This is primary, but the reader of such a collection should also expect that the editors will provide helpful commentary-offering succinct background information on the authors and the selections, clearly identifying errors found in the original sources, crossreferencing issues and possible contradictions among the various texts, and suggesting additional sources that could further illuminate the material that has been chosen. I will consider these issues in sequence. The editors of The George, Gershwin Reader did compile much worthwhile material. Reminiscences of the composer by family and friends are included in the book, along with newspaper accounts of major premieres, articles both casual and serious from periodicals, and the occasional selection from a book. Particularly welcome are the generous offerings from Gershwin's correspondence; eleven letters exchanged between the composer and librettist DuBose Heyward tellingly document the evolution of Porgy and Bess. Editor Robert Wyatt's interviews with Todd Duncan and Anne Brown, who portrayed the protagonists in the original production of Gershwin's opera, have not appeared elsewhere and offer invaluable insights into the composer and his work. One can always quarrel about selections. Although Gershwin's own published articles are well represented, it seems curious that his contribution to a major book, Henry Cowell's American Composers on American Music: A Symposium (Palo Alto: Stanford University Press, 1933), does not appear in The George Gershwin Reader. While that contribution, "The Relation of Jazz to American Music," is a mere two paragraphs in length, and largely reiterates what Gershwin wrote elsewhere about this subject, its inclusion by Cowell in a book dedicated to American art music-a book in which radical modernist figures like Cowell himself, Charles Ives, Nicolas Slonimsky, and Wallingfbrd Riegger 6gure prominently -was a historically important milestone in the reception history of Gershwin's music. Also striking is the absence of anything written about Gershwin by his teacher Edward Kilenyi. …


Abstract One clause of the agreement between William Makepeace Thackeray and his publishers, William Bradbury and Frederick Mullett Evans, for the serial production of Vanity Fair stipulates that: The said William Makepeace Thackerary undertakes to furnish by the 15th of every month sufficient matter for at least Two printed Sheets with two Etchings on Steel, and as many drawings on Wood as may be thought necessary.


In this paper, we propose a fast depth-image-based rendering method to generate a virtual view image in real-time using a graphic processor unit (GPU) for a 3D broadcasting system. Before the transmission, we encode the input 2D+depth video using the H.264 coding standard. At the receiver, we decode the received bitstream and generate a stereo video using a GPU which can compute in parallel. In this paper, we apply a simple and efficient hole filling method to reduce the decoder complexity and reduce hole filling errors. Besides, we design a vertical parallel structure for a forward mapping process to take advantage of the single instruction multiple thread structure of GPU. We also utilize high speed GPU memories to boost the computation speed. As a result, we can generate virtual view images 15 times faster than the case of CPU-based processing.


This chapter presents the reasons for the conflict between the yāsā and the Sharīʿa, whether that conflict was in fact real or mythical. Mongke had charged his brother Hulegu with continuing the Mongol conquests and implementing the customs (rusūm wa yūsūn) and law (yāsā) of Genghis Khan. In the Timurid yārghū, specialized staff was responsible for ensuring that administrative justice conformed to Mongol law. The central role of ritual ablutions in Islam led the Muslims to consider that the Mongols had no concept of purity. The Mongol concept of purity cannot be compared to the Islamic concept, as it did not serve a ritual purpose. In the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, for the Muslims and for the Mongols themselves, the yāsā expressed the imperial identity of Genghis Khan's line, given concrete shape by the imposition of a new political order across much of the Muslim world.Keywords: Genghis Khan; Mongol Law; Muslims; purity; ritual ablutions; Sharīʿa; Timurid yārghū; yāsā


Results of comprehensive theoretical and experimental studies on creation of a Quantum Random Number Generator (QRNG) prototype based on the implementation of double radio optical resonance in the vapor of the rubidium isotope are presented. A method is developed for the analytical and numerical solution of the coupled-mode QRNG equation, which describes the mode of interaction of quantum generators in the process of measuring their parameters. A feature of the proposed method is the possibility of studying quantum phase noise and the width of the quantum discriminators line on alkali metal vapors in the presence of an interaction error.


Sinicization of Marxist philosophy has two implications:applying Marxist philosophical principles to Chinese reality and enriching and developing Marxist philosophy on the basis of summarizing previous experiences.The specific way to sinify Marxist philosophy is to return to Marx and,meanwhile,to leave Marx.Without returning to Marx,we may deviate from the real Marxism,and without leaving Marx,Marxism may become rigid and lifeless.


YBCO thin films with different thickness were deposited on LAO substrate by MOD method.Effect of the thickness of YBCO film on microstructure was studied by X-ray diffraction.Results show crystal orientation is improved with increasing YBCO films thickness the best value is observed at about 800nm and becomes weaker after 800nm;the lattice parameter c becomes bigger with increasing the thickness of films.Rocking curve FWHM and  scanning of YBCO films with different thickness and reciprocal space mapping of the 800nm YBCO thin film were investigated.Results show crystallization of the 800nm YBCO thin film is better than others.Then,the effect of the thickness of YBCO film on critical current density was studied.


In physical unclonable functions (PUFs) based key generation methods, the bias of PUF outputs would leak secrecy. A secure and robust key generation method based on PUFs and polar codes is proposed in this paper. First, a PUF-based key generation process is modeled as a wiretap channel. Then, two secure polar coding schemes are designed for the wiretap channel to improve the robustness of key generation and to reduce the secrecy leakage caused by the bias of PUF outputs. To construct the secure polar coding schemes, density evolution is used to evaluate the error probability of synthesized channels, which in turn is used to approximate both the error probability and the secrecy leakage of the system. To reduce the polar construction complexity, the channel independent polar construction method aids density evolution to select parameters of the secure polar coding schemes. Finally, we compare the key generation design with other works and find that our key generation scheme requires fewer PUF bits than other works when they generate the same length key with failure probability $\le 10^{-6}$.


An important problem in technological alliance is how to deal with the potential conflict between the cooperatives. This paper makes an analysis on the root of conflict and proposes the main principles to follow.


1. Eisen A, Lubinski J, Gronwald J, et al. Hormone therapy and the risk of breast cancer in BRCA1 mutation carriers. J Natl Cancer Inst 2008;100:1361-7. 2. Chlebowski RT, Kuller LH, Prentice RL, et al. Breast cancer after use of estrogen plus progestin in postmenopausal women. N Engl J Med 2009;360:573-87. 3. Ravdin PM, Cronin KA, Howlader N, et al. The decrease in breast-cancer incidence in 2003 in the United States. N Engl J Med 2007;356:1670-4. 4. Curtis JR, Westfall A, Cheng H, Lyles KG, Delzell E. Benefits of adherence with bisphosphonates depends on age and fracture type: results from the analysis of 101,038 new bisphosphonate users. J Bone Miner Res 2008;23:1435-41. 5. Ridker PM, MacFadyen JG, Fonseca FA, et al. Number needed to treat with rosuvastatin to prevent first cardiovascular events and death among men and women with low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein: Justification for the Use of statins in Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin (JUPITER). Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes 2009;2:616-23.


We present a multiwavelength study of the 90 brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) in a sample of galaxy clusters selected via the Sunyaev Zel'dovich effect by the South Pole Telescope, utilizing data from various ground- and space-based facilities. We infer the star-formation rate (SFR) for the BCG in each cluster—based on the UV and IR continuum luminosity, as well as the [O ii]λλ3726,3729 emission line luminosity in cases where spectroscopy is available—and find seven systems with SFR > 100 M⊙ yr−1. We find that the BCG SFR exceeds 10 M⊙ yr−1 in 31 of 90 (34%) cases at 0.25 < z < 1.25, compared to ∼1%–5% at z ∼ 0 from the literature. At z ≳ 1, this fraction increases to 92 − 31 + 6 ?> %, implying a steady decrease in the BCG SFR over the past ∼9 Gyr. At low-z, we find that the specific SFR in BCGs is declining more slowly with time than for field or cluster galaxies, which is most likely due to the replenishing fuel from the cooling ICM in relaxed, cool core clusters. At z ≳ 0.6, the correlation between the cluster central entropy and BCG star formation—which is well established at z ∼ 0—is not present. Instead, we find that the most star-forming BCGs at high-z are found in the cores of dynamically unrelaxed clusters. We use data from the Hubble Space Telescope to investigate the rest-frame near-UV morphology of a subsample of the most star-forming BCGs, and find complex, highly asymmetric UV morphologies on scales as large as ∼50–60 kpc. The high fraction of star-forming BCGs hosted in unrelaxed, non-cool core clusters at early times suggests that the dominant mode of fueling star formation in BCGs may have recently transitioned from galaxy–galaxy interactions to ICM cooling.


Summary This article is based on a completed research project in which the discipline of English studies, as manifested in the discourse of published, peer-reviewed academic articles over the period 1958-2004-what we call the "gold standard" of academic literary discourse-forms the object of analysis. The focus of the article is to delineate and describe three major functions of the discipline as manifested by its gold standard, namely career formation, knowledge formation, and canon formation. Our general aim is to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the functions of peer-reviewed journals, to reveal the presence of rules governing discursive production, and to lay bare historical shifts in approach and choice of disciplinary objects.


The question of improving the standard deviation of the phase coordinate error, stability, and noise immunity of the rangefinder for information and measurement system of the automated air traffic control of aircraft is considered. Rangefinder state and observation models which consider kinematic and dynamic characteristics of air crafts have been proposed. A rangefinder algorithm has been developed and investigated through simulation modelling on a computer with research results obtained.


Introduction: Considering the individual in one's global dimension, when, in situation of the illness process, the Integral and Complementary Practice - PIC corroborates for the health attention integrality. This care line involves approaches that aim to stimulate the natural mechanisms to prevent worsening and health recovery, with emphasis on the welcoming listening and on the therapeutical bond development. Among the practices, Herbal Medicine is a therapy characterized by the use of medicinal plants in their different pharmaceutical forms, without the use of active isolated substances. At Campinas' municipal network, the herbal medicine treatment has revealed an expanding practice, the bandages are made with the manipulated medicines, applied and prescried by the Nurse. Since 2010, the CECOM has implemented the Wound Service Program with the same protocol used by Campinas' municipal network. PURPOSE: Present the integral view results to the patient bearing wounds at CECOM. Methodology: Descriptive study, quantitative type, using a sample of 194 cases that were assisted by CECOM's wound ambulatory, in the period fom January/2011 to December/2012. Results: In two years, since the implementation of the Stomach Therapeutic Nurse Consultation, there was an increase on the consultation number, on the cure rate with decrease on the treatment type of severe injuries and chronic injuies, and finally, the increase on the ahestion to treatment. Conclusion: The use of PIC with herbal medicines brought patients to the service and its holistic service strategy provided the adherence to treatment.


This paper focuses on a cultural discussion from three aspects of the English compounds which have the form of "country's name + noun",and gives an explanation of the reasons in tradition,history and concepts.


It is the problem how to search the main factors in various factors on accident. The gray correlation can not only improve the efficiency of the data which have existed, but also remedy the limitation of that carrying out systems analysis by mathematical statistics. From the overall perspective of human-machine-environment, accident prediction model is established and the influencing factors are analyzed of accidents in this paper. The grey correlation degree of the influencing factors is calculated. At last, prediction model of examples is examined. The result shows that the model is applicable and reliable in forecasting the main factors and the relations between them, thus providing reference for traffic administrative department to avoid traffic accidents.


The whole housing stock in Ukraine is practically private. Social housing fund is almost absent. In the 1990s most of the flats in the multi-apartment buildings have been privatized by the tenants free of charge. About 80% of all buildings in the cities have been built up to 1980, are not yet repaired and require urgent modernization with the cost equal to the actual State budget revenue. By the law of 2015 the responsibility for carrying out capital repairs has been transferred to the flat owners who are co-owners of the buildings. Maintenance management is organized only on the level of separate houses (no-associations) and is unprofessional. The tariff for housing services is enormous low because the component of capital repairs traditionally has been excluded. In the worst homes live exactly the poorest families which do not have any means to maintain and repair their houses because one half of all families in the country receive subsidies to pay their utility bills. Taking into account other urgent and costly needs to maintain public infrastructure the State is also unable to accumulate sufficient funds to renovate the housing stock. At the same time there is a difficult question of the justice of additional state assistance to homeowners for repairing their assets at the expense of all taxpayers. Another question is how to operate this private property on the market. Governments of the country that often replace each other are afraid to raise this problem, which requires extraordinary decisions. It becomes obvious that homeowners are mostly inefficient but the idea of re-privatization can cause social rejection. There are no analogues in the history or in other post-Soviet countries, where either the condition of privatized houses was better, or household incomes were higher, or state aid was regular and where, due to the tariff, funds for capital repairs has been always accumulated and used.Unfortunately, in Ukraine there is no tradition of real estate professional management as a scientific branch, university specialization or profession. Our first attempts to find right decisions which will be described in the paper need approbation. Therefore, we want to draw attention of the best European real estate managers and researchers to the resolution of this problem.


The antimicrobial effects of hop compounds and their derivatives on common food contaminative microorganisms were determined.β acid and hexahydrocolupulone were the best antiseptic substances among the tested compounds.The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration(MIC)of them were determined and the results indicated that β acid and hexahydrocolupulone could effectively inhibit the growth of Lister mocytogenes,Proteas vulgaris,Staphytococcus aureus and Pseudomones fluorescens at the certain concentration.


Environmental issues have become more prominent internationally and are increasingly featured in discussion by governments, business and academics. This paper presents the results of a study which examines the concerns for environmental issues and purchase behaviours of a sample of 1173 young consumers in England, Germany, Portugal and Spain; countries which represent different realities in terms of economic development, social context and cultural issues. An analysis of the differences between the respondents from the four countries regarding concepts such as man-nature orientation, generativity, environmental concern, consumer perceived effectiveness, conservation behaviour and environmentally-friendly buying behaviour is presented. The results obtained confirm the existence of significant differences between countries for almost all variables.


Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disease with protean manifestations involving multiple organ systems other than the muscloskeletal system. The task of summarizing current knowledge of this disease at the clinical, pathological, roentgenographic, and immunological levels has been accomplished with excellence by the author who himself has contributed greatly to the basic mechanisms of this disease. The monograph contains 18 chapters, nine on clinical aspects, one on pathology, four on laboratory findings, one on x-ray film findings, and the final two chapters are on psychosocial aspects and treatment of the disease. The 101 illustrations are adequate in number and excellent in choice. The print and paper are superior. The overall impression on reading this monograph is that the author has brought to the reader the latest information on immunological methods, related them to the pathophysiology of the disease process without losing sight of the great toll the disease takes on the


The structure of trans-di-t~-carbonyl-bis[carbonyl(~75-cyclopentadienyl)ruthenium], [{Ru(CsHs)CO}2(/~-CO)2], has been redetermined from diffractometer data leading to considerably more accurate geometric parameters than those obtained in the original determination from film data.


This invention provides a sustained-release compound fertilizer with sulfur envelope. The compound fertilizer is composed of fertilizer core and an envelope. The envelope comprises a sulfur film layer as inner or middle layer, and a sulfur-containing thermosetting polymer film layer with average sulfur weight percentage of 20-90%. The thermosetting polymer is one or more of polyurethane, epoxy resin and unsaturated polyester. The sulfur film layer may contain release regulator. The envelope has a total average thickness of 20-90 mums, and the sulfur film layer has an average thickness of 5-70 mums. The compound fertilizer has such advantages as long release period, and higher reliability.


In an investigation, three dimensional assessments have been made to evaluate allelopathic potential of 38 shared invasive plants and weeds of Pakistan and Japan originated from 5 continents, carried out at Plant Chemical Ecology Laboratory at National Institute of Agro-Environmental Science, Japan from January 2008 to March 2009. The plant species under investigation have been tested by subjecting their root exudates, leaf litter and volatiles through application of Plant box, Sandwich and Dish pack methods. The results obtained from all 3 different methods have been statistically analyzed and the mean, standard deviation (SD) and SD variance (SDV) has been calculated to determine the inhibition pattern of radicals growth of the lettuce seedlings for environmental risk assessment. According to results, as a whole Melilotus officinalis appeared to be the most noxious species among all due to maximum inhibition effect shown on the radical growth of Lactuca sativa followed by Melilotus alba, Datura stramonium and Mirabilis jalapa. While Rumex crispus, Plantago lanceolata, Rumex conglomerates and Trifolium pratense have shown minimum inhibition effect. The results presented can be utilized as benchmark information for further joint research on the elucidation of chemicals involved in the allelopathy in nature. The information obtained can also be helpful in the development of new and potent bioactive chemicals from natural products to combat environmental risk.


NAMIBIA: GOD'S OWN COUNTRY? Le Malentendu Colonial (Colonial Misunderstanding). A film produced and directed by Jean-Marie Teno. Distributed by California Newsreel. 73 minutes. French, English, and German with English subtitles, 2004. On the Way to Whiteness: Christianization, Conflict and Change in Colonial Ovamboland, 1910-1965. By Kari Miettinen. Bibliotheca Historica 92. Helsinki: Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, 2005. Pp 370; 13 illustrations, 8 tables, 2 figures. euro 29.00 paper. Hues between Black and White: Historical Photography from Colonial Namibia 1860s to 1915. Edited by Wolfram Hartmann. Windhoek: Out of Africa, 2004. Pp vii, 236; numerous photographs. N$370.00. Histories of Namibia: Living through the Liberation Struggle. Collected by Colin Leys and Susan Brown. London: Merlin Press, 2005. Pp.vii, 165. £14.95. There are many things that are unique about Namibia, one of the most sparsely populated countries in the world, yet displaying striking cultural diversity. Perhaps one of its most fascinating features is that it is statistically the most Christian country in Africa and the heavily populated north has the highest density of Lutherans in the world. Another conspicuous fact that begs to be explained is that while most of Africa, and especially South Africa, has historically seen numerous "Independent" churches, Namibia has seen comparatively few such churches (e.g., the African Methodist Episcopal Church and the Herero-speaking Oruano Church). Of course nowadays Pentecostals and Evangelicals are, as in most of Africa, impressing with their recent inroads. Intrigued by a claim for restitution made in a sermon at the headquarters of the former Rhenish Mission Society in Germany by Namibian Bishop Zephania Kameeta at an event to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the most brutal colonial war in Namibia, Cameroonian filmmaker Jean-Marie Teno set out to examine colonialism as filtered through Christian evangelization. Teno's Le Malentendu colonial is the latest of a long line of films Teno has made including the 1992 classic "L'Afrique, je te plumerais" ("Africa, I'm going to fleece you"). Namibia is an obvious site for such an investigation. The film is Afropolitanism at its best. The Namibian informal settlement he films is called "DRC." Not only has Teno been based in France since 1977 but he interviews Camaroonians and Togolese academics both in Africa and in Europe as well as the standard gang of Whites-retired missionaries, some clearly past their "sell by" date, and researchers. One does wonder though why there were no Namibian critics of missionization. Perhaps this lack is a political statement? With brief brush strokes, perhaps to the point of oversimplification, he traces the collaboration between missionaries and colonial powers but continually makes provocative points, such as the argument that Africans gave Europeans rights to land because they knew that if they left they could not take it with them. He also quotes a Prof. Ewane (a Cameroonian) "I can forgive the Westerners for taking away my land ... but not for taking away my mind and soul." And his provocative concluding statement: Are NGOs, so common on the scene, simply a form of missionization bolstering ties of dependency? All stirring stuff, but perhaps with a touch of irony since they are debating in terms historically set by the missionaries. Kari Miettinen on the other hand shows how complex and messy the process of missionization can be with his fine study on the Finnish (Lutheran) Missionary Society in Owambo. Largely a closed area during the South African era, the northern and most populous region of the country, Owambo has seen a spate of good studies completed since independence. This includes work by Hayes, Kreike, and McKittrick1 (who generously allowed Miettinen access to their field transcripts), and now increasingly local scholars as well. A potential treasure trove still waiting to be explored is the archives of the Finnish Missionary Society, whose members have been in Owambo for over 150 years. …


The actual ET was simulated in this study to estimate and analyse the time-space distribution of ET in TaiWan.The study improved the scheme of look-up table of monthly roughness length,zero plane displacement and vegetation height related with land covers based on the surface energy balance system(SEBS),and set up the simple correlation between land surface temperature and air temperature in Taiwan.Then,a modified quantitative remote sensing ET model,SEBS-China model,was developed based on SEBS model.The SEBS-China model simulated the actual ET by using meteorological data of 8 selected dates in year 2002 and 2003 with MODIS data.Comparing to the Pan ET,the modeling values are slightly lower,which is consistent with the fact that Pan ET is potential ET,should be higher than actual ET.Based on the results,several analyses are made to deeply understand the characters of the ET in Taiwan area.Namely,there is an obvious tendency in the temporal and spatial distribution of Rn,EF and ET,namely,the values of the three parameters are higher in central mountain areas,and reduce gradually to the east and west.Through a year,the ET is the highest in July,and lowest in January.According to different land surface cover,the ET is different;generally,the land cover from high to low is forest,grass,water,bare land and urban area.Comparing to the rural areas,ET of cities is much lower.


Large-scale text corpora constitute a great opportunity and challenge for natural language processing including machine learning. One state-of-theart approach, Unsupervised Semantic Parsing technique (USP), clusters synonymic relations on a sentence level and has been shown to answer a broad range of questions by exploiting these semantic clusters. In this paper, we propose Distributed USP (DUSP), which improves USP's ability to handle large text corpora by distributing several of USP's key algorithmic steps over a cluster of commodity computers. In experiments with DUSP, we processed a corpus that was over 13 times larger than the largest corpus we were able to handle using USP. In addition, DUSP's processing speed was 284 documents per minute, versus 69.2 for USP.


AbstrcatWatermark detection is one of the most important steps in digital watermarking.It has traditionally been tackled using correlation-based techniques.However,correlation-based detection is not the optimum choice since it does not utilize the distributional characteristics of the host media.In this paper,by applying generalized Gaussian distributions to statistically model the AC DCT coefficients of the original image,a DCT-domain watermark detection scheme based on local optimum detection is proposed.The performance of the new detector in terms of the associated probabilities of detection and false alarm is analyzed.The experimental results support the theoretical performance analysis,and confirm the superiority of the novel detector at the same time.


A lower compression ratio has been demanded for diesel engines in recent years to improve fuel consumption, exhaust emissions and maximum power recently. However, low compression ratio may have combustion instability issues under cold temperature condition, especially just after engine started. As the first step in this study, cold temperature combustion was investigated on the basis of an in-cylinder pressure analysis, and it was found that higher heat release around top dead center, which was mainly attributed to pilot injection, was a key factor in reducing engine speed fluctuation. Three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulations were conducted to obtain a better understanding of combustion under cold condition, particularly mixture formation near the glow plug. Specifically, for this purpose, a time-scale interaction combustion model was developed for simulating combustion phenomena. This model was based on a reasonable combustion mode, taking into account the characteristic time scale of chemical reactions and turbulence eddy breakup. In addition, the parameters of the ignition model and computational grids near the glow plug were improved for application to cold start conditions.


The present study deals with investigations on functional stages of reticulo-endothelial cells characterized cytochemically by the pres-ence in their cytoplasm of a polysaccharide-containing substance which is colored by the periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) technique. In response to various noxious stimuli, a proportion of proliferating reticulo-endothelial cells (including plasma cells, reticulum cells, the Kupffer cells of the hepatic sinusoids, the endothelial cells of the renal glomerular tufts, endothelial and adventitial cells of vessels) were found to contain granular or globular PAS-positive material in the cytoplasm (PAS cells). PAS cells the local cellular globulins the glycoprotein, the findings provide a reasonable for the associated abnormalities in the serum protein-bound polysaccharides.


A handheld Raman spectrometer was used to determine the ripeness of peppers. Raman spectra were recorded non-invasively on the fruit surface. The spectroscopic data were transformed into a classification scheme referred to as the maturity index which allowed for attribution of the fruit stadium to four levels from immature to fully mature. Hot pepper and tomato ripening includes pectic polysaccharide depolymerization, chlorophyll degradation and carotenoid formation, among others. The latter were followed non-invasively by Raman spectroscopy. Two portable systems and one benchtop system were compared for their applicability and robustness to establish a suitable maturity index. Spectral acquisition, data treatment and multivariate data analysis were automated using a Matlab script on a laptop computer. The automated workflow provided a graphic visualization of the relevant parameters and results on-site in real time. In terms of reliability and applicability, the chemometric model to determine the maturity of fruits was compared to a univariate procedure based on the average intensity and ratio of three characteristic signals. Portable Raman spectrometers in combination with the maturity index or a chemometric model should be suitable to assess the stage of maturing for carotenoid-containing fruits and thus to determine ripeness on-site or during a sorting process in an automated manner.


"1(p2191) Meanwhile, according to reports in the New York Times,2 Reuters,3 the Wall Street Journal,4 and The Guardian,5 the COVID-19 pandemic exposed the shortcomings of the Cuban health care system, with one Cuban physician telling reporters, "Simply put, I saw what I would have hoped to never see: the collapse of our health system. According to news reports, the Cuban health system began to feel high pressure, and its shortcomings were most apparent, during the summer 2021 surge in infections caused by the delta variant.1,2 As in the United States and countless other countries, the root causes of these weaknesses existed even before the strain of the pandemic brought them to light. The pandemic led to worldwide economic crises, and, paired with the ongoing US embargo, Cuba has felt the effects in a major way.3 In addition, on the basis of recent data from the Institute for Health Metrics (Table 1), it is clear that underreporting of COVID-19 deaths is an issue in both the United States and Cuba.


Let F be a real quadratic field and p a prime ideal of degree 2. We construct a quadratic extension of the Hilbert class field in the ray class field of conductor p.


It has been evident that Glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene deficiency may contribute to the development of asthma. Therefore, we aimed to assess the association of GSTT1 and GSTM1 deficiency with passive maternal smoking (MS) during pregnancy with asthma in north Indian children. It was a hospital based case-control study, 175 bronchial asthma cases and 175 controls, aged 1 year -15 years were recruited. Cases included were those children presenting symptoms of asthma according to EPR 2007 and excluded were subjects with other respiratory diseases. Non asthmatic children were enrolled as controls. Increased risk of asthma was found in children lacking the GST M1 (OR= 6.37, 95%CI= 1.29-31.42, p= 0.024) and GST T1 (OR= 4.84, 95%CI= 1.68-13.71, p= 0.003) gene variants whose mother's were exposed to smoking during pregnancy. We concluded that the GST gene variants(GSTT1 and GSTM1) deficiency with passive maternal smoking during pregnancy may increase asthma risk in North Indian children.


Goldberg presents a nicely argued examination that demonstrates how sociology's foundational thinkers used the experience of Jews to make sense of the transition from traditional to modern societies. While major European theorists were either negative or ambivalent about the Jewish community, US scholars were more likely to see Jews as pointing the way toward a more modern, diverse America. The US story, however, is more complex, and Goldberg's analysis would benefit from a deeper, more careful discussion of race and racialization. Jews' eventual incorporation in the United States required a careful process of de-racialization that culminated in their revaluation as white. But this process was never complete. The periodic resurfacing of race-inflected, anti-Jewish acts testifies to this. If Jews, who have been admitted to whiteness, are still subject to periodic racialization and stigmatization, this strongly suggests that their experience in the United States may represent the limits of full incorporation. If so, there is little hope for other racial outsiders to ever be fully accepted into the US mainstream.


A massive parallel trigger system for efficient data reduction and event recognition is under design for the 14400 channels of the AUGER fluorescence detector. The trigger is combined with a cost-effective control and readout by PCI devices. The first level trigger includes a count-rate dependent trigger-threshold and suppresses Cerenkov pulses, and the second level trigger will identify straight tracks of cosmics in the AUGER fluorescence detector. Configurable FPGAs are used to enable parallel processing and yields a cheap high-speed data handling solution. Furthermore, the use of one PCI-board type for the readout allows a very cost-effective solution for the overall system. By digital pulse-shape recognition more than 90 % of the Cerenkov pulses will be suppressed. Due to fast hardware event-pattern recognition of three adjacent pixels within the detector we expect an excellent noise reduction of about 3•10 5 .


The quantity traceability system is often established to evaluate the accuracy of large-scale measurement.It is difficult to trace back to the source based on large-scale pairing vision measurement net.So quaternion spatial registration algorithm is used to transform the measure values of all vision sensors to laser tracker coordinate system with high precision standard,and finally these values are traced in situ.Besidest,he laser tracker is also traced by spatial ability estimation experiments.The corresponding experimental results show that the uncertainty of laser tracker is 10 μm+0.8 μm /m,while the uncertainty of pairing vision measurement net exceeds 0.2 mm.The method can trace back to the field source for most large-scale devices quickly,and the corresponding pairing vision measurement net can satisfy plenty of large-scale measurement tasks.


Proposes a class of nonlinear filters-M-type filters, which are based on the M-estimates of location parameters in statistical theory. Moving-window M-filters can be defined starting from M-estimates of location. Then, several modified structures are given. It is shown that recursive M-type filter can perform better than nonrecursive M-type filter, running mean and median filter in white noise suppression, while it can be designed to be comparable to the median filter in edge preservation in the presence of noise. (To suppress impulse noise, the proposed filter generates output with a modified reference output: to reduce calculation complexity, M-type filter with linear FIR substructure is introduced.) Finally, experimental results for one- and two-dimensional signals are presented.<<ETX>>


A new proof of the inequalities of D. J. Hallenbeck for the Area functions of multipliers of fractional Cauchy transforms is given.


Obtaining informative representations of gene expression is crucial in predicting various downstream regulatory-related tasks such as promoter prediction and transcription factor binding sites prediction. Nevertheless, current supervised learning with insufficient labeled genomes limits the generalization capability of training a robust predictive model. Recently researchers model DNA sequences by self-supervised training and transfer the pre-trained genome representations to various downstream tasks. Instead of directly shifting the mask language learning to DNA sequence learning, we incorporate prior knowledge into genome language modeling representations. We propose a novel Motif-oriented DNA (MoDNA) pre-training framework, which is designed self-supervised and can be fine-tuned for different downstream tasks MoDNA effectively learns the semantic level genome representations from enormous unlabelled genome data, and is more computationally efficient than previous methods. We pre-train MoDNA on human genome data and fine-tune it on downstream tasks. Extensive experimental results on promoter prediction and transcription factor binding sites prediction demonstrate the state-of-the-art performance of MoDNA.


The structure and hydrophilic properties of tantalum coatings on stainless steel and glass slide were investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and sessile drop method. Coatings are characterized by a cellular structure. As a result of the modification, the hydrophobicity of the sample surfaces is increased.


In order to remove impurity elements from molten aluminum, many processes, such as using inert gas, reactive gas, reactive powders, unreactive powders, slag, or their combinations, have been used during the past 30 years. In the current paper, mathematical models on the removal of impurity elements from molten aluminum for these processes were extensively developed, and validated by industrial measurement from literatures. Special parameters were introduced to express the refining efficiency. Mathematical models for the combined processes like inert gas mixed with reactive gas purging, reactive powders injection with inert gas as carrying gas, were also developed. The removal efficiency of impurity elements for batch reactor and continuous reactor were derived for these processes, either the single method or the combined method. The effects of gas flow rate, impellor rotating speed, fraction of reactive gas, injecting rate of reactive powders, and temperature on the removal of impurity elements were discussed.


A new genus and species of dinosauriform is described from the Triassic of south‐west England. The description is based on isolated elements recovered from an assemblage of other dissociated tetrapod remains that include crocodylomorphs, rauisuchiforms and sphenodontians. The key elements in the new taxon are the ilium, astragalus, and the humerus, and these exhibit five synapomorphies of Dinosauria. Three of these, namely a largely to fully perforate acetabulum, the presence of a brevis fossa, and a reduced astragalus with an ascending process, are considered to be particularly relevant. The definition and diagnosis of the Dinosauria are restated and the positions of the new form, herrerasaurs and Eoraptor relative to true dinosaurs are discussed.


Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of reconciliation and retaliation story endings on subsequent aggressive affect and behavior.

Design/methodology/approach

Participants took part in two ostensibly unrelated studies. The first involved reading a violent story, attributed to a biblical or secular source, which ended in either brutal retaliation or peaceful reconciliation. They then took part in a second study in which they completed measures of aggressive affect and behavior.

Findings

Participants told that their stories came from a secular source experienced a more aggressive affect than those told that their stories came from a biblical source. In terms of behavioral aggression, a significant difference in effect of the story ending on males and females emerged. Females who read the reconciliation ending had lower levels of behavioral aggression than females who read the retaliation ending. Conversely, males who read the reconciliation ending had higher levels of behavioral aggression than males who read the retaliation ending.

Research limitations/implications

These findings suggest that media depictions of prosocial reactions to unprovoked aggression may not reduce aggression in men.

Practical implications

Results are discussed in terms of moral values espoused by women and men and suggest that anti-violence messages may be strengthened to the extent they address the values important to both.

Originality/value

This study extends research on violent media exposure to a burgeoning literature on reading violent content.


Both the Gender‐related Development Index (GDI) and the Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM) represent a "false start" in measuring gender equality. This is because they do not measure gender (in)equality as such, but an odd combination of absolute welfare levels and gender equality that is not easy to interpret. This note argues that the United Nations Development Programme's Human Development Report Office should take the lead in either constructing a new index for measuring gender equality or elaborating a revised GDI and revised GEM that do measure gender equality. Detailed recommendations are given for both possibilities on how this can be done, partly on the basis of a brief review of alternatives presented in the literature.


O nce again in this issue we have paired two articles with similar focuses. Each compares the efficacy of two occupational therapy treatment approaches. We last paired two papers in the September 1988 AjOT-a literature review of pain mechanisms with a research study examining the effect of activity on pain tolerance. The first pair illustrated different approaches to a similar topic. This new pair was selected to provide different examples of a similar approach, and then is used as a springboard for discussing the merits of doing this kind of study, namely one that uses contrast research design. The discussion of the fine points of these types of studies is provided by former editorial board member Jeffrey Gliner. Contrast types of studies are not new to the occupational therapy literature. About 15 years ago Carlsen (1975) compared the effects of the facilitation and functional treatment approaches on the development of children with cerebral palsy. Cristarella, in the same AJOT issue, compared the use of a straddling apparatus and a standard chair on the sitting posture of a child with spastic cerebral palsy. Since then, several other examples of contrast studies have appeared in AJOT Note for example, the articles by Gill, Marmo, and Shuster (1978); Clark, Miller, Thomas, Kucherawy, and Azen (1978); Culp, Packard, and Humphry (1980); Griffin and Schumm (1981); O'Brien and Tsurumi (1983); and DeCarlo and Mann (1985). Comparisons of treatment approaches for the same problem are the stuff of practice. It is eXCiting to have articles that examine assumed therapeutic approaches. The desire to determine if one treatment works better than another when conditions are the same is a basic form of curiosity. This stage of curiosity is a bit more advanced than the important stage of documenting a specific treatment as is done in the case reports we publish in this journal. How does this treatment compare with another? What are the advantages of X over Y? The authors of the paired papers in this issue have asked that very question. Jongbloed, Stacey, and Brighton ask, Does the functional or the sensorimotor integrative approach work better in the treatment of stroke patients? Groves and Rider ask, Does an exercise program or a limited-activity program work better for patients who have undergone carpal tunnel release surgery? To know the answer you will have to read the articles. Even if neither treatment approach was proven more effective than the other, the information would still be useful. Such a finding would assure the practitioner that there are several options when it comes to choosing a treatment approach. But there also is a downside to these types of studies. Gliner, using the language of research design, points out the pitfalls that occur in interpreting the conclusions of such studies. His discussion is illustrated by examples from the stroke study and the carpal tunnel release study. Elaine Viseltear, Editor


7024 Background: Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive (Ph+) disease is associated with a poor prognosis in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Recent studies have shown that the eradication of minimal residual disease (MRD) in this population leads to improved survival outcomes. While hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has demonstrated clinical benefits in Ph+ ALL patients treated with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) imatinib, its role is less clear with the use of more potent, newer-generation TKIs such as dasatinib. Methods: This was a retrospective study analyzing the impact of allogeneic HSCT on MRD status in Ph+ ALL patients treated with dasatinib. Patients were divided into 2 groups: those treated with chemotherapy plus dasatinib followed by allogeneic HSCT and those who received chemotherapy plus dasatinib alone. All patients underwent bone marrow biopsy with MRD analysis following induction therapy and subsequent re-evaluation of MRD status at day 100 post-transplant in the HSCT group and after further cycles of chemotherapy plus dasatinib in the non-transplant group. MRD-negative disease was defined as the absence of a BCR-ABL1 transcript by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) with a sensitivity of 0.01%. Results: A total of 51 adult Ph+ ALL patients with MRD-positive disease following induction therapy were included. Twenty-seven patients (53%) were male and the median age at time of diagnosis was 42 years (range 23-68). There were 29 patients in the transplant group and 22 patients in the non-transplant group. When analyzing rates of MRD eradication, 18 (62%) patients in the transplant group were found to have MRD-negative disease at day 100 post-transplant compared to 7 (32%) patients in the non-transplant group who only received further cycles of chemotherapy plus dasatinib (risk ratio 0.56, 95% confidence interval 0.32-0.96, p = 0.048). Conclusions: In the era of newer-generation TKIs, allogeneic HSCT continues to have notable benefits in Ph+ ALL such as a significantly higher rate of MRD eradication as demonstrated in this study.


The first total synthesis of the polyketide apiosporic acid is presented. Key steps are a Julia-Kocienski olefination, a Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling, and an intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction. The absolute configuration of the natural product was determined.


Question Answering (QA) systems try to find precise answers t o natural language questions. QA extraction result is often an am ount of text candidate answers which requires some validation and ranking cri teria. This paper presents an automatic answer appreciation technique where ext acted candidate answers are represented in a question dedicated associativ e knowledge base, a semantic network. A spreading activation algorithm looks f or semantically related candidate answers, that reinforce each other. The pur pose is to enhance the best answers by rising their weight. This article conclu des with evaluation details for an experiment with text answers to Portuguese qu estions.


This paper is devoted to the theoretical estimations of energetic efficiency of High Voltage Glow Discharge (HVGD) electron sources in the impulse regime of operation. Balance of energy on the discharge electrodes is analyzed, estimation of energy dissipation in anode plasma is also provided. As a result of investigation obtained the analytical relation for calculation the efficiency of HVGD electron sources. Obtained simulation results are in the good agreement with experimental data.


The government has denied accusations that it allowed a "spectacular failure" in NHS workforce planning to happen.

In a session of the parliamentary health select committee last week the Department of Health's minister for quality, Philip Hunt, and government officials claimed that problems with workforce levels are set to improve in the next year, despite current cutbacks in staff numbers.

MPs on the committee tackled Lord Hunt and Department of Health officials on their track record as part of the committee's last session of evidence in its inquiry into workforce planning.

The committee asked why the staff recruitment …


Reception of an OFDM signal will be improved when a Nyquist windowing component is used. This Nyquist windowing component exploits that part of the protective interval which does not exhibit any intersymbol interference despite multichannel reception. Since this useful part of the protection interval is dependent on transmitting conditions, a device which detects its useful length leads into the adaptive Nyquist windowing component. The algorithm for implementing the adaptive Nyquist windowing component is very simple. Although a double-length FFT must be calculated as the original, the additional effort involved in calculation can be kept low. The adaptive Nyquist windowing component achieves an improvement in the OFDM reception for interference signals such as white noise, discrete jammers and frequency deviation or phase noise with oscillators. The gain achieved will depend in every single case on the useful length of the protection interval.


The current study evaluates changes in access as a result of the MyVA Access program—a system-wide effort to improve patient access in the Veterans Health Administration. Data on 20 different measures were collected, and changes were analyzed using t tests and Chow tests. Additionally, organizational health—how able a system is to create health care practice change—was evaluated for a sample of medical centers (n = 36) via phone interviews and surveys conducted with facility staff and technical assistance providers. An organizational health variable was created and correlated with the access measures. Results showed that, nationally, average wait times for urgent consults, new patient wait times for mental health and specialty care, and slot utilization for primary and specialty care patients improved. Patient satisfaction measures also improved, and patient complaints decreased. Better organizational health was associated with improvements in patient access.


The method utilized for the calculation of the dipolar contribution to crystal-field parameters (cfp) is outlined and applied to the case of neodymium oxide and neodymium oxysulfide. The slowly converging electric field and electric-field gradients necessary for deriving induced moments are calculated by Ewald's method. The dipole components are then obtained by resolving the linear system linking induced moments and the electric field produced by point charges and dipoles throughout the crystal lattice. The dipole components are introduced in a general correction formula for the cfp. The calculation shows that mainly the second-order parameters are changed by the corrections. The total B/sup 2//sub 0/ (point charges plus dipoles) exhibits the correct experimental sign for both compounds investigated, whereas the point-charge contribution alone does not: (B/sup 2//sub 0/)/sub expt/=-800 cm/sup -1/(Nd/sub 2/O/sub 3/), +194 cm/sup -1/(Nd/sub 2/O/sub 2/S); (B/sup 2//sub 0/)/sub PC/=-1500 cm/sup -1/(Nd/sub 2/O/sub 3/), -653 cm/sup -1/(Nd/sub 2/O/sub 2/S); (B/sup 2//sub 0/)/sub D/=-478 cm/sup -1/(Nd/sub 2/O/sub 3/), +1363 cm/sup -1/(Nd/sub 2/O/sub 2/S). As usual, the calculated second-order parameters are too large, the fourth- and sixth-order parameters too small (1.4 and 2 times, respectively) when utilizing the theoretical radial integrals .


Polyester fabrics were padded with four vat dye baths containing sodium hydrosulfite(Na2S2O4) and NaOH, or vat dyes alone. After drying, the fabrics were processed by hot air at 210°C for 5 min, super heat steam (HTS) at 180°C for 10 min, and high pressure steam (HPS) at 130°C for 10min, respectively, and subsequently soaped. The K⁄S values and L*C*h color parameters were measured. The fabrics after the processings by dry heat, HT and HP steamings showed considerably high color depth not only for the dye alone but also for the Na2S2O4 and NaOH. Therefore, it seems that quinone, leuco form and vat acid structures of the vat dye are all effective for coloration of polyester fabric by dry heat, HTS, and HPS processings after padding. Even so, it is a matter of course to select the processing conditions for each dye.


This study aims to describe the management of sectoral basis at BMH infaq Malang, analyzing constraints in the management of sectoral basis at BMH Infaq Malang, and analyze the steps in Malang BMH anticipating the obstacles facing it. This research was qualitative research with the descriptive approach. In the study described the management of sectoral Basis Infaq Baitul Maal Hidayatullah (BMH) Malang. From the analysis results can be concluded that the implementation of the management of sectoral basis infaq Baitul Maal Hidayatullah (BMH) Malang is by applying the characteristics of Islamic managements, namely: management based on the morals of the sublime, management Open, democratic management, management, and management tolong-menolong based upon peace, and perform management functions, namely, the Act of planning, organizing, and monitoring. Management functions are performed so well that gathering together the funds, and the channelling of funds in sectoral infaq, runs well and right on target, but nevertheless the function of surveillance need to be improved both in terms of its compilation or distribution to the various sectors.


A research paper based on MAPPA and sex offender management practices in the UK and how they relate to current USA practice.


In the present investigation, high stress abrasive wear behavior of the liner materials commonly used in coal fired thermal power plants was simulated by performing two body abrasion tests on as-received nihard 4 (NH-4), super nihard (SNH) and high chromium cast iron (HCCI) materials. The abrasion tests were conducted within a specific experimental parametric domain. Modeling of data has been carried out using multiple linear regression technique for each material, using two level factorial design methodology. The utility of the proposed model was established by validating the predicted wear results with the corresponding experimental observations. It was observed that the predicted wear results obtained from multiple regression model were in good agreement with the two body abrasion test results under simulated conditions. Owing to its high hardness HCCI showed better abrasion resistance in comparison to that of NH-4 and SNH, which is primarily due to the uniform distribution of hard M7C3 carbides within the austenite/martensite matrix.


Summary An electronic nursing record is implemented in many hospitals, although applications for quality assurance of the documentation contents have not yet been published. Therefore, this study examined whether rules for plausibility checks may be operationalised and used as rules in an expert system. Rules concerning 8 subject areas of nursing action were identified and transformed into codes for data interpretation. The rules were applied on data excerpted from 29,776 electronic nursing records from the university hospital Aachen. The expert system classified each nursing record into one of five possible classes ranging between "applicable" and "not applicable". To exam the quality of control, a control sample of 15 nursing records were evaluated by 3 nursing experts. A total of 77.3% of the nursing records were rated "applicable" or "rather applicable" concerning the total-plausibility by the expert system, and 7.07% were rated "rather not applicable" or "applicable". The most frequent cause of implausibility of data was a missing description of the patient's condition aligned with a documented intervention. The evaluations of the nursing experts deviated highly from the rating of the expert system, in addition to been inconsistent with one another. The results prove a deficit of documentation concerning the patient's condition, a deviation among experts' evaluations, and the facility of expert systems to be used as support in quality assurance.


JAMES CRAIG, 1 in 1836, is credited with the first recorded case of visual hallucinations with postmortem findings of a lesion of an occipital lobe. His patient complained of seeing figures on the left with eyes open or closed over a 17-year period. At necropsy, a cavity, probably a thrombotic lesion, was found in the left occipital lobe (if the lesion was correctly recorded, the case was one of ipsilateral hallucinations). Fifty years later Seguin 2 reported that hallucinations always appear in the hemianoptic field. Since these reports, there has been much discussion in the literature, with no general agreement as to whether or not the occipital lobe can produce formed hallucinations, 3 whether the hallucinations have any lateralizing value, 4 whether other cortical areas can produce visual hallucinations, 5 and whether the degree of form taken on by the hallucinations depends on the area involved or on the innate


This paper studies the overseas online shopping phenomenon from the perspective of consumer behavior. The methods of literature review, the research present situation of consumers' risk perception, the adoption of questionnaire and interview method to collect overseas online shopping consumer perception of risk dimension data, the relevant data processing method is adopted to build overseas online shopping consumer perceived risk impact on consumer buying behavior model, from overseas online shopping consumer perspective to explore the risk perception of consumers the internal influence mechanism of consumer purchase decisions and avoid risk strategy is put forward. Overseas online shopping refers to the online shopping behavior in which consumers browse and select commodities on overseas commercial websites through the Internet, submit electronic orders and complete the payment through electronic payment, deliver the goods directly through international express, or transfer companies collect the goods on behalf and forward them to consumers. Chinese consumers' overseas online shopping behavior originated from the 2008 Chinese dairy products contamination incident. With the development of economy, the demand for foreign products also increases, and overseas online shopping comes into being. With the help of Internet technology, payment means and logistics technology, overseas shopping becomes more and more convenient, and more Chinese consumers begin to "overseas online shopping".


PURPOSE
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the most important infectious diseases. Population pharmacokinetic (pop-PK) models are widely used to individualize dosing regimens of several antibiotics, but their application in anti-TB drug studies is scant. The aim of this study was to provide an insight regarding the status of pop-PK for these drugs, and to compare results obtained through both parametric and nonparametric approaches in order to design precise dosage regimens.

METHODS
First, a systematic approach was implemented, searching in PubMed and Google Scholar. Articles that did not include human patients, that lacked an explicit structural model, that analyzed drugs inactive against M. tuberculosis, or were without full-text access, were excluded. Second, the PK parameters were summarized and categorized as parametric versus nonparametric results. Third, a Monte Carlo simulation was carried out in Pmetrics using the results of both groups, and an error term was built to describe the imprecision of each PK modelling approach.

RESULTS
Thirty-three articles reporting at least one pop-PK model of 19 anti-TB drug were found; 46 different models including PK parameter estimates and their relevant covariates were also reported. Only nine models were based on nonparametric approaches. Rifampin was the drug most studied, but only using parametric approaches. The simulations showed that nonparametric approaches improve the error term compared with parametric approaches.

CONCLUSION
More and better models, ideally using nonparametric approaches linked with clear pharmacodynamic goals, are required to optimize anti-TB drug dosing, as recommended in the WHO End TB strategy.


The blood physiological and biochemical indices were monitored for the Vibrio alginilyticus disease of Lateolabrax japonicus.The results showed that the number of red blood cells and white blood cells,and contents of hemoglobin,triglycerides,Na~+,Cl~- decreased,but the contents of ESR,EOB,K~+,P~(3+) and enzymes of AKP,GPT, AST, LDH increased for the diseased fish than those of healthy ones.These results indicated that the Vibrio alginolyticus was strongly opathogenetic and it could cause Lateolabrax japonicus to pathological changes.


Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an industrial crop, short-term food crops with high economic and nutritional value. In Vietnam, groundnuts play an important role in crop restructuring programs, especially in areas where the climate is constantly changing and farming conditions. In this study, we attempted to improve the drought tolerance ability of groundnut by traditional and molecular breeding methods. The results showed that the LCH-01 selected by both phenotyping and genotyping from BC2F3 of the combination of the "Sen That" and "L18" (recipient and donor parents), has had good agronomic traits and higher drought tolerance ability under the water deficit treatment. The selected line LCH01 showed good drought tolerance in the artificial drought condition. This line was then confirmed by using molecular markers, 3 SSR markers were polymorphic and possibly linked to the drought tolerance gene/QTLs and may be responsible for the drought tolerance ability of this line. This line is ongoing to be recognized as the national peanut variety and will be released to the drought peanut growing areas in the coming time.


This paper presents the challenges faced in designing topsides facilities to obtain economic development of the Alba Field, namely: low oil price; low crude versus very high produced water rages; low reservoir energy requiring artificial lift from day one and difficult oil water separation properties. The resulting design and its effectiveness is discussed based on early production experience. Lessons learned from the Alba development will be applicable both to the development of other heavy oil reservoirs and marginal offshore prospects in general.


There are two ways of looking at health secretary Alan Johnson's remarks about whistleblowing, made during health questions in the House of Commons last week. On the one hand, Mr Johnson has been accused of being out of touch with reality, after telling MPs he did not understand why clinicians had not blown the whistle on poor standards of care at Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust. Giving him the benefit of the doubt, though, the interest he now seems to be taking in whistleblowing is a good thing, so long as he does not grasp at quick solutions.


Summary 1. Chemical analyses of ecologically diverse species of Drosophila reveal substantial variation among them in their nitrogen and phosphorus contents, determined as a percentage of adult dry mass. Across Drosophila species, the nitrogen content of flies is positively correlated with phosphorus content. 2. For both N and P, the concentration in the flies is correlated with that of their breeding sites. The variation in the elemental composition of breeding sites, and therefore of the flies themselves, may affect the ecology and life-history variation of Drosophila . 3. The range of variation in N and P contents and the N : P ratio is considerably less among Drosophila than among their breeding sites, indicating that there is substantial constancy for elemental composition across Drosophila species. The N : P ratio varies somewhat among species, indicating that the nitrogen and phosphorus contents do not change in perfect proportion across species. 4. An important, but unanswered, question concerns the relation between intraspecific homeostasis and interspecific constancy for elemental composition. Three possible mechanisms by which such interspecific constancy is brought about are discussed.


Abstract : One of today's most significant technical challenges is the ability to empirically measure the security status and capabilities of information systems. The lack of security metrics in general and the inability to uniformly combine different dimensions of security information prevents decision-makers from having a macro-level view of system security. The purpose of this dissertation is to develop a conceptual decision framework to address this shortcoming and to apply the approach to a current information system problem: the resource management of Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs). This framework, called the MANET Distributed Functions Ontology Management Mechanism (MMM), leverages the benefits of ontologies, Value Focused Thinking, and a specialized network flow optimization model in order to craft a holistic view of the configuration and security of an information system (e.g., a Mobile Ad Hoc Network). The resulting decision making capability allows for a better connected, more secure network of communications devices. Ultimately, this research contributes to the provision of a dynamic mobile ad hoc network capability to the warfighter and the first responder with increased network stability, secure and persistent communications, and continuous operations.


Measuring head circumference (HC) in infants is an easy screening procedure with which to detect abnormalities in brain growth. It has been demonstrated that HC can predict total brain volume (TBV) in very‐low‐birth‐weight (VLBW) infants. However, the correlation between HC and TBV was weaker than that observed in healthy term‐born toddlers, suggesting that there are factors that influence the relationship between HC and TBV. The aim of this study was to identify the clinical risk factors that caused a deviation from the regression line obtained between HC and TBV.


In the Standard Model the hypercharges of quarks and leptons are not determined by the gauge group itself. In a recent paper [C. Hattori et al. Phys. Rev. D 83, 015009 (2011)] it is shown that, if the direct product gauge group GSM is slightly modified to the semidirect product group G ′ , hypercharges are restricted to quantized values as n/6 mod Z (n = 0,1,3,4). In this brief paper, we examine all of the compact Lie groups locally isomorphic to GSM, and show that G ′ (or its isomorphisms) is the unique possibility that yields the correct hypercharge quantization.


Breast cancer is an all-too-common affliction throughout the world, killing about 465,000 out of the 1.3 million women diagnosed annually [4]. Until a cure is found, diagnosis and prognosis of the disease are the most important tools available. Diagnosis and prognosis are classification problems, based on characteristics common to patients in different stages of the cancer. Artificial Neural Network algorithms have shown themselves to excel in classification. For this reason, I've investigated the efficacy of two ANN methods: Maximum Likelihood and K-Nearest Neighbors. To better understand their ability to predict breast cancer stages, I trained both methods using leave-one-out as an anecdotal analysis, and a randomly distributed, varyingly sized training set as a group analysis. The goal of my study is to compare these ANN methods' abilities to predict individual cases, as well as groups of cases, to each other and to existing results found by Dr. Wolberg and his associates.


With the formation of structural vacancies, zirconium nitrides (key materials for cutting coatings, super wear-resistance, and thermal barrier coatings) display a variety of compositions and phases featuring both cation and nitrogen enrichment. This study presents a systematic exploration of the stable crystal structures of zirconium heminitride combining the evolutionary algorithm method and ab initio density functional theory calculations at pressures of 0 GPa, 30 GPa, 60 GPa, 90 GPa, 120 GPa, 150 GPa, and 200 GPa. In addition to the previously proposed phases P42/mnm-, Pnnm-, and Cmcm-Zr2N, five new high-pressure Zr2N phases of P4/nmm, I4/mcm, P21/m, P3¯m1 , and C2/m are discovered. An enthalpy study of these candidate configurations reveals various structural phase transformations of Zr2N under pressure. By calculating the elastic constants and phonon dispersion, the mechanical and dynamical stabilities of all predicted structures are examined at ambient and high pressures. To understand the structure–property relationships, the mechanical properties of all Zr2N compounds are investigated, including the elastic moduli, Vickers hardness, and directional dependence of Young's modulus. The Cmcm-Zr2N phase is found to belong to the brittle materials and has the highest Vickers hardness (12.9 GPa) among all candidate phases, while the I4/mcm-Zr2N phase is the most ductile and has the lowest Vickers hardness (2.1 GPa). Furthermore, the electronic mechanism underlying the diverse mechanical behaviors of Zr2N structures is discussed by analyzing the partial density of states.


The ignition lag of n -hexane-air mixtures in shockwaves was measured, under different conditions, in order to analyze its fluctuations statistically. The probabilities of ignition of the mixtures were thus calculated. The ignition was considered to consist of two steps: the initiation reaction and the secondary reaction. The activation energies of both these steps were calculated in each case. These values were then used in an attempt to explain some aspect of the mechanism of ignition.