When dealing with extreme values estimation, the threshold models are often used. However, a proper threshold selection is one of the problems which have to be solved. In this paper, we concentrate on this issue in order to compare an automated threshold selection based on multiple-threshold model with double bootstrap technique based on semiparametric estimation. Both estimation procedures are compared using simulations. A case study is carried out to evaluate estimations of intensity-duration-frequency curves which represent commonly used hydrological tool. A special attention is also paid to the assessment of an impact of the series length on the estimation quality. Keywords—Extreme value, bootstrap, generalized Pareto distribution, moment estimator, peaks-over-threshold.


Abstract Purpose Rectal neuroendocrine tumors are rare with good prognosis. Several endoscopic methods such as endoscopic polypectomy, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), and modified endoscopic mucosal resection (m-EMR) are used in the treatment of rectal neuroendocrine tumors. Although m-EMR is derived from traditional EMR, it has not been widely used in clinical practice. In this study, we compared the efficacy and safety of EMR and m-EMR in the treatment of rectal neuroendocrine tumors by performing a meta-analysis. Materials and Methods We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE index up to the end of January 2017 for all published literature about EMR and m-EMR in the treatment of rectal neuroendocrine tumors. Results A total of 11 studies involving 811 patients were included. The pooled data suggested that there was a significantly higher rate of histologic complete resection and endoscopic complete resection among patients treated with m-EMR than those treated with EMR (histologic complete resection: OR = 0.23, 95 % CI = 0.10–0.51, p < 0.01; endoscopic complete resection: OR = 0.13, 95 % CI = 0.02–0.74, p = 0.02). The procedure time of EMR was longer than m-EMR (MD = 2.40, 95 % CI = 0.33–4.46, p = 0.02). There was a significantly higher rate of vertical margin involvement among patients treated with EMR than those treated with m-EMR; whereas, there was no significant difference of lateral margin involvement between the m-EMR and EMR groups (vertical margin involvement: OR = 5.00, 95 % CI = 2.67–9.33, p < 0.01; lateral margin involvement: OR = 1.44, 95 % CI = 0.48–4.37, p = 0.52). There was no significant difference in mean tumor size among patients treated with m-EMR versus those treated with EMR (MD = −0.30, 95 % CI = −0.75–0.14, p = 0.18); further, there was no significant difference in endoscopic mean sizes of the tumor and pathological mean sizes of the tumor between the m-EMR and EMR groups (endoscopic mean sizes of the tumor: MD = 0.20, 95 % CI = −0.44–0.84, p = 0.43; pathological mean sizes of the tumor: MD = 0.62, 95 % CI = −0.68–1.92, p = 0.05). No significant differences were detected among the treatment groups with regard to complications (bleeding: OR = 0.87, 95 % CI = 0.39–1.95, p = 0.73; complications (bleeding and perforation): OR = 0.87, 95 % CI = 0.40–1.88, p = 0.73). Conclusion The efficacy of m-EMR are better than EMR among patients undergoing endoscopic treatment of rectal neuroendocrine tumors, and the safety of m-EMR is equivalent to EMR treatment.


Polyimide resin of solvent-soluble type, which is called "X-resin" in short, was discovered lately. It is soluble in dimethylacetoamid (DMAc), and new extensive applications are expected.


X iv :2 11 0. 04 74 6v 2 [ he pph ] 1 5 N ov 2 02 1 Searching for strange hidden-charm pentaquark state Pcs(4459) in γp→ K+Pcs(4459) reaction Cai Cheng, Feng Yang, and Yin Huang2,3∗ 1 School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, China 2 School of Physical Science and Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031,China and 3 Asia Pacific Center for Theoretical Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Gyeongsangbuk-do, South Korea. (Dated: November 16, 2021)


Purpose – The article aims to propose a reflection on the legal possibility of replacing the application of the sanctions prescribed in the Brazilian Aeronautical Code (CBA) - especially in its article 289 - by alternative measures, in case of verification of the occurrence of the infractions prescribed therein, allowing a regulatory enforcement that better reflects the administrative efficiency.
Methodology/approach/design – The notion of efficient regulatory application is part of the economic analysis of crime undertaken by authors such as Gary Becker and George J. Stigler, analyzed by Michel Foucault, and the image, proposed by this philosopher, of a new, distanced right of a conception of law essentially linked to the principle of sovereignty and to the application of relations of domination.
Findings – It was concluded that there is a possibility of temperament in the application of the penalties provided in the article 289, based on the adoption of a notion of regulatory application that best reflects the administrative efficiency, motivated by a hermeneutic based on constitutional principles, which provide a teleological criterion of administrative performance in order to optimize the reach of the public interest..
Practical implications – To reflect on a possible juridicity, based on constitutional principles and the theoretical framework mentioned above, of the graduation of enforcement in the inspection and sanctioning policy of the National Civil Aviation Agency (ANAC), through the establishment of alternative measures, rather than the direct application of penalties in case of infractions.
Originality / relevance of the text – The text intends, in general lines, to contribute to an analysis of the legality of the optimization of the execution when obstructed by the strict legality. The practical pertinence lies especially in the proper interpretation of legal provisions such as article 291 of the CBA, which provides, as a necessary consequence of the infractions, the application of sanctions, preventing, in principle, the adoption of a policy of tolerance that allows for prior mechanisms of collaboration and prevention.


The lab experiment was conducted during 2011-12 on purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) to induce the sprouting of buds by degrading the phenolic compounds and exhausting food reserve to reduce the multiplication rate of tubers with Zinc oxide nanoparticles. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) were synthesized by wet chemical method characterized with Transmission Electron Microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope, Particles Size Analyzer, Raman Spectrometer and studied their effect on the degradation of phenols, starch, amylose and germination of dormant buds with different concentrations. A standardization experiment was taken up at the preliminary level with different dosages of ZnO in wet and dry conditions to scale down the treatments to a manageable level of thirteen including the control in each of the nanoparticles used. Results revealed that the presence of high amount of phenol (10.5 mg g-1) in the control treatment, no germination (0%) was recorded whereas the ZnO treated tubers at the rate of 1500 mg kg-1 registered the lower content of phenol (6.0 mg g-1) and the higher percent of germination (80%), longer root, shoot length (20.43 cm, 29.00 cm) and higher vigour index (3954) in dry method. In case of wet method, higher amylose content of 52.0 mg g-1, lower content of starch (108.0 mg g-1) , phenol(4.2 mg g-1) with 80 per cent germination, longer root, shoot length (20.00 cm, 29.00 cm) and higher vigour index (3920) was noticed with the concentration of 2250 mg kg-1. The untreated tubers (control treatment) recorded lower amylose content (10.0 mg g-1) with higher phenol (9.9 mg g-1) and starch content of 148.0 mg g-1 with 20 per cent germination.


In handset for providing audio signals to both ears of the user, the handset, the audio interface for providing audio signals, are connected to the audio interface, and bone conduction speaker for outputting an output signal, the variable a adaptive filter having an impulse response as soon as it is played in the second ear of the user by ear speaker, an adaptive filter for providing a filtered signal to reduce acoustic leakage signal of the second ear of the user , an ear speaker connected to the audio interface, in response to the filtered signal and a second input signal, and ear speaker for providing aural sound signals into a second ear of the user, the sensing audio signals and ear microphone for sensing, Inpa adaptive filter to reduce the contribution of the leakage signal to the sensing audio signals Comprising a processor for updating the scan response. .Field


Abstract Recent articles consider invertible and locally invertible algebras (respectively, those having a basis consisting solely of invertible or solely of strongly regular elements). Previous contributions to the subject include the study of when Leavitt path algebras are invertible. This article investigates the local invertibility property in Leavitt path algebras. A complete classification of strongly regular monomials in Leavitt path algebras is given. Additionally, it is show that all directly finite and (von Neumann) regular Leavitt path algebras are locally invertible. It is also shown that a Leavitt path algebra has a basis consisting solely of strongly regular monomials if and only if it is commutative.


The present invention is a synthetic cannabinoid with particular enantiomeric purity of 99.90%, dexanabinol, or acceptable salt in a pharmaceutically this compound, to an ester or solvate. The present invention also relates to the high pharmaceutical quality composition containing a compound having an enantiomeric purity and neurological disorders, chronic degenerative diseases, CNS intoxication, cognitive disorders, inflammatory diseases or disorders, autoimmune diseases or disorders, pain , vomiting, their use in the prevention and treatment of glaucoma and wasting syndrome.


The rotational velocity (RV) of a target is important for inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging, and must be known in order to rescale ISAR images from the range-Doppler domain to the homogeneous range-cross-range domain. In this paper, we propose a novel cross-range scaling technique for estimating the correct RV from ISAR images. This method involves two steps. First, it needs to extract the locations of high-energy scattering centers from two sequential ISAR images. Second, the proposed method utilizes an exhaustive search to estimate the correct RV of two-dimensional (2D) ISAR images using principal component analysis (PCA) and an appropriate cost function. The proposed method has two main advantages: 1) it does not require information about the rotation center of the target, and 2) it can efficiently generate a well-rescaled 2D ISAR image within a very short time. We present experimental results to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method.


Cougars (Puma concolor) are of considerable interest to wildlife biologists and the general public in midwestern North America, yet no researchers have modelled potential habitat in the region. We created a model of potential cougar habitat in 9 midwestern states using geospatial data, expert-opinion surveys, the analytical hierarchy process, and a GIS. About 8% of the study region contained highly favorable habitat (with favorability scores ≥75%) for cougars; the states of Arkansas (19%) and Missouri (16%) vailable online 9 December 2010


Fruits are dense sources of nutrients with many functional properties. Acetification of fruit juices generates different types of fruit vinegar with a variety of flavors and uses. In this study, Alcoholic juices fermented by employing Saccharomyces cerevisiae were subjected to acetification by pre-cultured Acetobacter pasteurianus PP21 at both 30 °C and 36 °C temperatures and they were tested for their Brix value, titratable acidity, alcohol content, antioxidant activity, phenolic content and flavonoid contents. Compared to the acetic acid production at 36 °C, both mango and jackfruit juices showed their peak acetic acid production of 4.5 ± 0.015% (w/v) and 4.2 ± 0.04% (w/v) respectively, at 30 °C. The final Brix value of mango and jackfruit juices subjected to acetification at 30 °C and 36 °C was found to be constant at 3.6, 5.7, and 3.1, 5.7 °Bx respectively. Furthermore, the final alcohol level of all the vinegar samples was found to be less than 0.5% (v/v). Moreover, the antioxidant activity, phenolic content and flavonoid contents of both mango and jackfruit juices after acetification were significantly higher (p<0.05) at 36 °C compared to vinegar produced at 30 °C. As per the results, both mango and jackfruit juices can be successfully used as a potential source of functional constituents in vinegar production at both 30 °C and 36 °C.


Many of us hoped that the introduction of online social networks and their widespread adoption would result in an increased dis-semination of diverse ideas and a growing convergence on a set of universally accepted good ideas. Unfortunately, studies have shown that social networks have instead contributed to the growing degree of polarization in society at large across a wide range of issues. By employing algorithmic filtering algorithms to prioritize opinions that social network users agree with, and is thus more likely to engage with, over opinions that users disagree with, social networks encourage users to form filter bubbles around themselves, creating echo chambers, and promote polarization. In this paper, we contribute to the growing body of work on studying the impact of such filter bubbles from the lens of empirical simulations. Specifically, we build upon an existing opinion dynamics model to incorporate both assimilation and boomerang effects, representing how opinions can either converge or diverge when two individuals interact, and empirically evaluate the polarization impact of several simple algorithmic filtering strategies through simulations.Ourresults show that (1) when prioritizing similar opinions to expose to individuals, polarization increases as the number of individuals affected by boomerang effects increases; (2) when prioritizing popularity of individuals, extreme polarization seldom occur; and (3) when prioritizing the neutrality of opinions (i.e., preferring non-extreme opinions over extreme opinions), polarization is unsurprisingly minimized.


The study was carried out to investigate gender perspectives of professional inclination in library studies using LARIS, Ibadan as case study. A total of 120 respondents randomly selected from 100-400 levels were used for the study and data was collected through a questionnaire. Results show that the modal age of the male and female respondents fell within 21-27 years. Their mean ages were 26 and 22.5years respectively. There was no distinction between the religion practices of the male and female students studying library science. The parents of most of the students lived in urban areas. Although most of the parents were literates but the father's literacy level is higher than that of the mothers. The parents were mostly civil servants, business men/women and farmers. A small fraction of the parents and siblings of the respondents have worked or are still working in the library. Both gender perceived the library profession as lucrative, educative, and innovative and a dynamic profession. They saw the librarians as book experts and helpful. However, there are gender differences in the perception as the male gender perceives the librarians as research experts but the female students did not see them that way. The female gender saw the library profession as stereotyped and dull profession with limited job prospects. Four factors motivate the male gender to the library profession against seven for the female. The greatest factors that motivate the male gender to Library studies profession is career prospects. This is followed by personal interests while that of the female is no other alternative/ by chance and parental influence. The study revealed that the school counsellor, media and mentors influence were not significant in motivating either the male or female students to the library profession. The study recommends professional guidance for students on the library profession and the development of more positive attitude about the profession among the female students to stimulate their personal interest rather than being influenced by their parents. The school counsellors in secondary schools should intensify efforts on career guidance before student's enrolment for University entrance examination.


The aim of the study is to determine whether there is a relationship between aircraft accidents in the airline sector and the stock prices of commercial airline carriers and commercial aircraft manufacturer companies. When the abnormal returns and cumulative abnormal returns of the airline carrier companies and the two major aircraft manufacturers in the airline industry in the world are analyzed for the first day and the days of the following week after a total of 38 plane crashes between 2013-2020 it was found that; in some of the plane crashes, there was a general decrease in the values of the stocks of both the airline carriers and the plane manufacturer companies in the first and the following 7 days after the accident, while the stock values did not change or increased in the days after some plane crashes.


M.S. Bartlett (1910–2002) was the leading figure amongst British statisticians starting their career in the 1930s, and was internationally recognized as a pioneer in statistical inference, stochastic processes, and other branches of statistical theory and methodology. In biostatistics, he contributed especially to the stochastic modeling of the transmission of infectious diseases.

Keywords:

multivariate;
time series;
stochastic processes;
epidemics;
measles;
Manchester;
University College London;
Oxford;
spatial;
papadakis


Learning concepts in thermodynamics: how and when Physics education has presented and still presents great challenges as a field of research. Among so many we can identify the constant search and intention of the community to understand the learning mechanisms that people develop when dealing with physics concepts. In modern times, this is compounded by the opportunities offered by technology, particularly computer simulations, to enhance learning processes. In spite of the advances in this sense, little is known yet about the learning of concepts assisted by these tools. In this doctoral thesis we study mechanisms of learning concepts in thermodynamics in university students of the Physics Degree. Two particular contexts were approached: collective conceptual development and conceptual development assisted by computational simulations for the case of thermal phenomena. More specifically, it is tried to reveal which characteristics of the simulations and of the interactions of pairs intervene, how they do it and when, in the conceptual changes experienced by those students during the resolution of problems. The results allow us to theorize in two ways. Firstly, a theoretical extension is developed in the field of conceptual development, in particular of Coordination Class Theory, towards environments of collective conceptual progress. Mechanisms are identified and proposed to study how knowledge is developed as a collectively shared construction. Secondly, theoretical contributions are developed for processes of conceptual change assisted by computer simulations. Mechanisms are proposed to identify different kinds of interaction and work with these tools. From the different studies, some implications are identified for the teaching of concepts in Physics in collective environments and in environments assisted by computer simulations.


Of all the textual features in the manuscripts of all the witnesses of the Torah books, harmonization is probably the most prominent feature. The author has studied this phenomenon in the other books of the Torah and now devotes attention to Exod 1–24. This study is limited to chapters 1–24, because the special complications of the tabernacle chapters do not relate to their internal harmonizations but rather to their editorial changes both large and small. More than the other sources, including the Sam. Pent., LXX-Exod is harmonizing, including some very intriguing changes. Often the LXX and Sam. Pent. go together in their harmonizing tendencies, but more often the LXX reflects such changes (especially pluses) alone among the textual witnesses. Also the pre-Samaritan texts, the tefillin and the liturgical scrolls harmonized to a great degree. The paper presents all the data subdivided into categories of textual relations, in Hebrew and Greek, together with statistics. The paper substantiates the thesis that the harmonizing changes and pluses were made in the Hebrew text from which the Greek translation was made and not by the translator.


The invention relates to an upending system for an elongated tubular element like an offshore foundation pile or a turbine mast, the system comprising; a pile frame for supporting a elongated tubular element, the pile frame comprising a pile support member for engaging a pile wall in order to avoid movement of the elongated tubular element with respect to the pile frame, and a coupling section, a support structure for supporting the pile frame, wherein the coupling section is rotatably supported by the support structure to allow rotation of the pile frame with respect to the support structure, wherein the support structure and the coupling section of the pile frame are configured such that the pile frame is detachably coupled to the support structure.


The title compound, bis(β-phenylethylammonium) tetrachlorocadmate, (C8H12N)2[CdCl4] crystallizes as a layer structure; the heavy atoms form a two-dimensional network of corner-connected octahedra, the organic cation being connected to the network through hydrogen bonding.


Based on the surface observation data at 88 meteorology observatory stations in Xinjiang from 1961 to 2010,the spatially and temporally distributing characteristics of sandstorm days in Xinjiang were analyzed by traditional statistics,spatial autocorrelation and hot spot analysis.The results showed the sandstorm days had regional differences in Xinjiang.The sandstorm days in Xinjiang showed medium spatial correlation,belonging to the spatial agglomeration pattern.Evolution of the hot and cold spots of sandstorm days in Xinjiang was gradually stable and had a trend of continuous reduce and agglomeration distribution.The spatial structure of hot spots distribution had a center on Khotan in the south of the Taklimakan Desert,and the cold spots tended to be converged in the BoZhou and Ili region of North Xinjiang.The sandstorm disaster prevention and reduction in Xinjiang should focus on the temporal and spatial distribution of hot spots.


Part 1 The prognosis of epilepsy: the natural course of epilepsy - an epidemiologic perspective epileptic syndromes and their prognosis who should consider epilepsy surgery? medical failure in the treatment of epilepsy. Part 2 Preoperative evaluation: physical and chemical methods of activating the epileptic focus long-term monitoring with scalp and sphenoidal electrodes chronic intracranial monitoring techniques functional mapping of language abilities with subdural electrode grids the role of neuropsychological assessment in the presurgical evaluation of the epilepsy surgery patient psychiatric evaluation of patients with unilateral temporal lobectomy for epilepsy intracarotid amobarbital assessment neuroimaging in evaluation of patients for surgery. Part 3 Surgical procedures: focal cortical resections corpus callosotomy hemispherectomy selective amygdalohippocampectomy pediatric epilepsy surgery - special considerations intraoperative electrocorticography and functional mapping. Part 4 Outcome: outcome with respect to seizure frequency neuropsychological outcome of anterior temporal lobectomy psychiatric assessment and temporal lobectomy vocational outcome reoperation for failed epilepsy surgery.


The goal of the research is to identify the Pix strategy pecs. In the achievement of students in the fifth grade literary history. The researcher used experimental research as a method of conducting his research, which includes an independent variable (Pix strategy) Method usual, and variable follower(academic achievement), as adopted researcher experimental design The partial adjustment to adjust the variables Alp urged, and before starting the application of the experiment Cava researcher between the two sets of research to get accurate results for the following variables: (chronological age measured in months, collection Students in history material (first course grades), Dan IQ test Liz, academic achievement for parents) and when making parity between the two sets of research, the researcher numbers application plans and requirements targets and tests, and until the completion of the application of the experiment where the researcher applying his research for the two sets of search tools, and when correct answers students got a researcher on the experimental group data And then the data were processed statistically by means of a test t- test)


Transition Towns is an international movement developing a systemic approach to inspire concrete actions, organized by citizens, from a bottom-up ethos (Hopkins, 2009). However, the movement has attracted little research and there appears to be no research using qualitative methods and a social and community psychology perspective. The Transition movement has the potential to have long-term effects in terms of revitalizing local economy, enhancing human relations and improving the quality of life of citizens, so it is vital that it is grounded in robust, interdisciplinary and scientifically informed conceptual frameworks (Haxeltine and Seyfang, 2009) like the research on new communities (Zani, 2005).
Monteveglio is the first and the only town in Italy which has implemented transition principles in an official institutional document: resolution n. 92/2009. Using the case study approach (Yin, 2009) we aim to understand the Monteveglio community changes and if they can be attributed to the transition process. Considering the history of Monteveglio and its political-economical context within the wider global framework, and doing so through the voices of the community, is an innovative approach to the issue both thematically and methodologically.
The main assumption of social psychology is that human behavior is the result of personality and context: people cannot be studied independently from the context they live in (Lewin, 1951). So, in order to understand the history of Monteveglio and the role of Transition in it, we listened to its witnesses by conducting semi-structured interviews, examining the documentation and doing participant observation. Using these multiple sources of evidence, triangulating data and maintaining a chain of evidence, we developed converging lines of inquiry, pointing out the connection of community trust and trade (McMillan & Chavis, 1986; Arcidiacono, 2002) as main factors of development.
The Transition Towns movement endorses a holistic and systemic approach (involving all the aspects of human life) in order to lead to social change. So, our study on Transition calls for support from different subjects and to bridge the gaps between them. Thus, we developed theoretical propositions from different disciplines forming a broad theoretical background. Therefore, philosophical reflection (Latouche, 2010) on environmental ethics (Shiva, 2002) is necessary to go beyond the anthropocentrism, as permaculture claims (Holmgren, 2010). This involves the economy too, whose search for new wellness indexes is still wide open (Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress, Stiglitz, Sen, & Fitoussi, 2009; Sen, 2010), as human wellbeing is a much more fleeting concept.
Crossing philosophy, economy and social psychology, with a transdisciplinary approach (Nicolescu, 2002; Morin, 2001), we obtained an output which is something different from the sum of the inputs.
Finally, we discussed with the participants the meanings we gathered in order to give them feedback. Aware of the limits of present research and of the potentials for further research, we proposed an empowered community eager to plan future steps through democratic processes and active citizenship. From a theoretical perspective, we suggested implementing transition using a participatory action-research frame, to promote enhanced communication and continued collaboration.


Through the introduction of forestland expropriation in Guangdong Province in recent two years,the author analyzed the trend of land using in projects and some problems,then put forward the forestland expropriation management development strategy in line with the actual situation in Guangdong Province,in order to improve the social economic development.


Objective To evaluate the clinical lesions,pathological characteristics,diagnosis,treatment and prognostic factors of breast Paget's disease. Methods 2 cases with breast Paget's disease were diagnosed according to history,lesion characteristics,histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Results 1 patient had single mastectomy for breast Paget's disease,whose prognosis was good. While 1 case of breast Paget's disease with breast cancer after chemotherapy and endocrine therapy showed with a poor prognosis. Conclusion The incidence of breast Paget's disease is extremely low,misdiagnosis may continue for a long time. The 50- year- old women with eczema- like appearance on the areola and the nipple are closely observed,and whose histopathological examination is done in time,so that they will get early diagnosis and early treatment. 5- year survival rate of the disease is high and the prognosis is good.


Abstract : The investigation under consideration involved the resources management of Air Force in-house research and development laboratories. These research facilities are subordinate to the Director of Laboratories, Air Force Systems Command. Their mission is to explore the most promising approaches in science and technology to maintain a superior technological base, which will facilitate the development of military systems that can counter any threat to national security. (Author)


The 1000 Genomes Project provides a database of genomic variants from whole genome sequencing of 2504 individuals across five continental superpopulations. This database can enrich our background knowledge of worldwide blood group variant geographic distribution and identify novel variants of potential clinical significance.


Recessive moral education is a kind of school education that needs much attention.Its characteristics are to educate students through various means such as school subjects,extracurricular activities,environment,etc.To develop and bring the course of recessive moral up to the standard,firstly,moral education system and teachers quality should be enhanced;secondly,recessive moral factors concerning school instruction and school environment should be developed materially and spiritually.


Any cardiovascular disease leads to heart failure (HF) — a complex clinical syndrome, the course of which is probably specified by the influence of cardiovascular factors on cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM).The presented literature data indicate that the cardiac ECM is an important pathophysiological link in the onset and progression of HF. The morphological and electrical remodeling negatively affects the systolic and diastolic functions of the heart. Impaired myocardial blood delivery, cellular maladaptation, atrial and ventricular arrhythmias are additional mechanisms of the influence of myocardial fibrosis on HF course.Understanding this role of ECM and the development of algorithms for verifying the individual status of ECM in cardiovascular patients can provide additional data on the course of HF, help to assess the risk of adverse cardiovascular events and effectively control the ongoing pharmacological and non-drug therapy.


Abstract A short historical account is given of fungal collections from the New Zealand subantarctic islands. Records of 28 fungus species from Auckland Islands, 27 from Campbell Island, and 9 from Snares Islands are based on collections made by botanists during a small number of brief visits over the period 1840–1985. There are no records from the two other subantarctic island groups, Bounty and Antipodes Islands. Substrates for the majority of fungi recorded are indigenous plant species.


In recent decades, the FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating) sensors are widely used in SHM (Structural Health Monitoring) fields for the characteristics of its simple structure, tiny volume, light weight, anti-corrosion, and anti-electromagnetic interference. However, there are two defects that limit its application in some fields. Firstly, the low sampling frequency due to the induction principle provides a big challenge to the solver algorithm. Secondly, real-time online monitoring which requires quick and efficient signal processing for the long time series is the development direction of SHM and also needs progress in the fast solver algorithm. For these two reasons, we propose a novel method based on the PSD (Power Spectrum Density) to analyze the sampled data from FBG sensors in this paper and it is applied in an online crack initiation monitoring system and obtain some satisfactory results. A comparison with the preliminary research indicates the accuracy and rapidity of the proposed algorithm and points out the applicability in the real-time online monitoring system for crack initiation.


/ Several lines of evidence were followed to assess the risk of salinization after tree clearing in the upper Burdekin River basin in north Queensland. Conceptual, biophysical process-based approaches (pedological interpretation, event tree analysis, one-dimensional water balance modeling, and Boolean spatial analysis) were compared to empirical methods and field evidence. The convergence of all lines of conceptual reasoning to the conclusion that there exists a risk of salinization in north Queensland, consistent with field evidence of naturally occurring waterlogging and salinity, strengthens the argument against tree clearing.


In this paper we present a synthesis of several studies on the reproduction, life cyles and taxonomy of epiphytic baeocyte producing cyanoprokaryotes from central Mexico. We have found that thallus structure is closely related with the mechanism of reproduction (binary fission and/or multiple fission), planes of cell division during development and sheath consistency. We propose characteristics for distinguishing among species belonging to the genera. Xenococcus, Xenotholos, (Xenococcaceae), Cyanocystis, and Dermocarpella (Dermocarpellaceae).


The first astronomical detection of isotopic (C-13)O J = 6 - 5 emission at 661 GHz from the molecular clouds in Orion A and in NGC 2024 is reported. Strong lines indicate large column densities of warm, dense, molecular gas in these star formation regions. It is estimated that H2 column densities of gas with temperature of 100 K or more lie between 3 x 10 to the 22nd and 4 x 10 to the 23rd/sq cm. These column densities are difficult to explain by present theoretical heating models. In NGC 2024 and the Orion Bar, where lines are narrow, shock heating is very unlikely. The correlation of warm CO column density with UV intensity, also indicated by the nondetection of (C-13)O J = 6 - 5 emission toward the weak UV source NGC 2023, favors heating by UV radiation. However, present photodissociation region models fail to predict the large quantities of warm gas detected in NGC 2024 and in the Orion Bar. 32 refs.


Loan default risk or credit risk evaluation is important to financial institutions which provide loans to businesses and individuals. Loans carry the risk of being defaulted. To understand the risk levels of credit users (corporations and individuals), credit providers (bankers) normally collect vast amounts of information on borrowers. Statistical predictive analytic techniques can be used to analyse or to determine the risk levels involved in loans. This paper aims to address the question of default prediction of short-term loans for a Tunisian commercial bank.


Wheat production relies on efficient nitrogen management to maximize grower profitability and reduce the negative environmental impacts associated with nitrogen loss. These drivers have prompted breeders to actively develop soft red winter wheat cultivars with a greater capacity to take up and utilize applied nitrogen fertilizers. However, the complexity of nitrogen use efficiency requires breeders to identify proxy traits associated with growth and grain production under multiple nitrogen rates.


The present invention is the use of turbomachinery in memory to a suction pressure of the lubricating oil (23). Further establish (4) a lubricant by centrifugal pressure (23) is injected directly into a rolling bearing (2, 3). To this end, an annular element (6) having a fixed negative pressure, connected to the shaft 11, and is designed to the negative pressure chamber. A negative pressure chamber (6) connected by a suction pipe (11) and the oil groove (12) and connected to a negative pressure zone (15) by a first turbomachinery duct (14). Oil groove (12) is connected through the nip (20) through a second turbomachinery duct (18). A spacer disposed point (22) between the suction pipe (11) and the negative pressure zone (15), preferably arranged in the first duct (14) inside.


In this study, ecobiological characteristics of pistachio grafted on different Pistacia species in Canakkale-Ayvacik and Manisa-Yunt mountain were investigated. Soil and leaves analyses were carried out in pistachio orchards. The climatic conditions of study areas and that of Gaziantep were compared. The phenological observations on pistachio trees were made. The organic matter and P contents of the soil were generally at low level while K content was adequate in both regions. The N, Fe and Zn deficiencies were observed in both leaf and soil. Effected heat total in Ayvacik and Manisa-Yunt mountain was determined as 1724 day-°C and 2922 day-°C respectively. There is no difference in flowering periods of male and female trees in Ayvacik. However, a difference was observed according to years in Manisa-Yunt mountain.


Striegel, R.H., Bedrosian, R., Wang , C., & Schwartz, C. (2012). Why men should be included in research on binge eating: results from a comparison of psychosocial impairment in men and women. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 45, 2, 233-40.  A convenient sample of 260 male undergraduates aged between 17 and 33 was asked to participate voluntarily in the study and completed a self-reported questionnaire.


August 26: 3 Days Before Landfall: Like most Friday afternoons, our 12-person neonatology group went through the weekend sign-out process of patients divided among the 9 area hospitals for which we provide NICU coverage. I was assigned to University Hospital for the weekend. University Hospital is a state-run public hospital in downtown New Orleans, Louisiana, that serves primarily indigent patients as part of the campus of the old Charity Hospital. It has a level 3 NICU and is a full-service teaching hospital for the medical schools at Louisiana State University and Tulane University. I was aware of Hurricane Katrina, then a category 1 storm in south Florida, and all indications were that the storm was targeting the coast of the Florida panhandle.

By evening, as the storm's predicted path had dramatically changed westward, I began to review our available on-call neonatologists and plan for hospital coverage in the event that this new prediction held true. I also began to make plans for the evacuation of my wife and 5 children but hoped, as had been the case in recent years with other hurricanes, that Katrina would steer clear of New Orleans.

As the predictions for the storm passing over or near New Orleans remained consistent, plans for covering each of our hospitals with an in-house neonatologist for the duration of the hurricane threat were finalized. Dating back to at least Hurricane Andrew in 1992, our division had gone through this process multiple times. Although several hurricanes during this time threatened to hit New Orleans, our city had managed to avoid any direct hit. Despite many doomsday scenarios, New Orleans had not experienced a direct hit since Hurricane Betsy in September 1965. In recent years, there were increasing efforts to evacuate the city with such threats. Hospital evacuation had been discussed, …

Address correspondence to Brian M. Barkemeyer, MD, FAAP, Children's Hospital NICU, 200 Henry Clay Ave, New Orleans, LA 70118. E-mail: bbarke{at}lsuhsc.edu


Background—Adrenergic receptor blockers used in the treatment of heart failure have distinct receptor affinity profiles. We hypothesized that &agr;-adrenergic–blocking effects of carvedilol would limit vasoconstriction in response to adrenergic stimuli when compared with metoprolol. Methods and Results—Forearm vascular resistance responses to isometric handgrip and cold pressor test were determined by plethysmography before and during adrenergic receptor blockade in prospective randomized trials. Acute effects were assessed in a crossover trial in normal subjects (single dose of 25 mg carvedilol, 100 mg metoprolol tartrate, and placebo). Chronic effects (25 mg carvedilol BID versus 200 mg extended-release metoprolol succinate daily for 6 months) were assessed in a parallel group trial of chronic heart failure subjects. In normal subjects, carvedilol decreased forearm vascular resistance responses to adrenergic stimuli when compared with metoprolol and placebo (isometric handgrip −3.5 U for carvedilol versus −1.2 U for metoprolol and −2.2 U for placebo, P =0.15; cold pressor test 3.1±8.9 U for carvedilol versus 9.0±2.7 U for metoprolol and 8.2±5.8 U for placebo, P <0.05). In heart failure subjects, vasomotor responses to isometric handgrip and cold pressor test did not differ between treatment groups. Conclusions—Acute administration of carvedilol attenuates the vasoconstriction response to adrenergic stimuli when compared with placebo and metoprolol in normal subjects, whereas chronic administration of carvedilol does not attenuate the vasoconstrictor response to adrenergic stimuli when compared with metoprolol in heart failure subjects. These data suggest that long-term benefits of carvedilol in heart failure are not mediated by &agr;-adrenergic blockade.


th year students (age 15 ± 0.5 years). All scales had acceptable levels of internal consistency and factor analyses supported further the psychometric properties of the questionnaires. One-way analysis of variance showed that students with an exercise frequency higher than 2 times per week scored higher in physical attractiveness and athletic ability scale while at the same time they had higher scores in task orientation and in task-involving climate. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that task-involving climate, task orientation and self-perceptions contributed significantly to the percent of variance in exercise frequency. Ego orientation and ego- involving climate did not contribute to the model. These results suggest that the main objective of physical education teachers might be the shaping of a learning-oriented climate, where students won't worry about making mistakes, where there will be encouragement for everybody to believe that he/she can make it and everybody should be encouraged to adopt an orientation toward personal improvement.


This research was conducted in Pajeng Village, Gondang District, Bojonegoro Regency. The purpose of this research is to elaborate the interpretation of Death Ritual as the values of social virtue; identifying the processes and implications of the institutionalization of the Rukun Kematian and its implications for local initiatives in rural development; and to elaborate the communicative actions of the founders of Rukun Kematian and the institutionalization of the Rukun Kematian.

This research uses qualitative approach with phenomenology method. The data collection techniques used in this study are documentation, participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and FGD (Focus Group Discussion). Key informant determination techniques combine theoretical sampling and purposive sampling techniques, as well as snowball sampling to determine key informants with depth of information. Data analysis methode are done by bracketing, reduction and elimination procedure, thematic cluster, validation and Individual Textural Description (ITD). Three conclusions as a result of the research are: 1) The values of social virtue are constructed through the configuration and interpolation between interpretations from personal transcendental and social-reciprocal dimensions, the quality of representation, the collective intention to achieve social and economic benefits, and the presence of generative dialogue; 2) The construction process of social virtues institutionalization is determined by the type of validity claim discussed within the public sphere. These claims will color the institutional model. Institutional model derivation will influence the variation of local initiatives and citizen innovation forms in contributing to rural development; 3) The communicative action of the founders of Rukun Kematian on village citizens in building mutual understanding is not merely based on two-way rationality and communicative competence. More important than that, is the ability to present generative dialogue in the public sphere, grow the discursive process of social virtue values, and also knitting shared intentions to achieve socioeconomic benefits. This research also produced a "Constructive-Communicative Model for Communities in Rural Communities", as well as mathematical formulations to identify generative self-governance models in rural communities.


The aim of this paper is to review the current interpretations of the late medieval economic growth in Castilian countryside in order to restore the peasants' role as economic agents. This involves a reassessment of the relationships between the peasants' economy and the market, together with a greater focus on the former's capacity in developing planned production strategies and on the overall implications in increasing labour productivity.


Working at a tangent to Wrights & Sites' disrupted walking practices and the notion of the architect-walker, commissioned by Kaleider and funded by Arts Council England, Where to build the walls that protect us was an opportunity to imagine a future city. Originally focused on Exeter in 2013-14, the work was later reiterated for Leeds as part of Compass Festival 2016. Framed as an architectural charrette, participants experienced two distinct phases of activity: initially framed by a series of themed reconnaissance excursions; later followed by an iterative period of generating future-facing models of the city. Literal and poetic drift underpinned the work, for example, through the use of: post-Situationist walking-art practices drawn from Wrights & Sites and others, e.g. Simon Pope's 'constrained drift', where geographical (or temporal) limits bound the scope of the journey; strategic, location-specific encounters with 'experts' (whether professional, municipal or resident), as spurs to the imagination; creative intervention into the process of city planning (Exeter was undertaking a consultation process about its new flood defence scheme at the time); physical interruption of everyday city life, as unsuspecting members of the public suspended their A to B journeys and join in the reimagining of their city.


All climate models predict a freshening of the North Atlantic at high latitude that may induce an abrupt change of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (hereafter AMOC) if it resides in the bistable regime, where both a strong and a weak state coexist. The latter remains uncertain as there is no consensus among observations and ocean reanalyses, where the AMOC is bistable, versus most climate models that reproduce a mono‐stable strong AMOC. A series of four hindcast simulations of the global ocean at 1/12° resolution, which is presently unique, are used to diagnose freshwater transport by the AMOC in the South Atlantic, an indicator of AMOC bistability. In all simulations, the AMOC resides in the bistable regime: it exports freshwater southward in the South Atlantic, implying a positive salt advection feedback that would act to amplify a decreasing trend in subarctic deep water formation as projected in climate scenarios.


Provided is a device for alloying a molten zinc-plated steel plate, a method for controlling alloying, and a method for calculating the degree of alloying, capable of suppressing alloy nonuniformities that occur when a molten zinc-plated steel plate containing Si, Mn, or another alloyed steel is alloyed. A device for alloying a molten zinc-plated steel plate, a method for controlling alloying, and a method for calculating the degree of alloying, the device for alloying a molten zinc-plated steel plate characterized in having: a temperature measurement means (T1) on the downstream side from the alloying zone, the temperature measurement means being unaffected by the surface reflectance of a steel plate; and a radiation thermometer (T2) upstream or downstream from the temperature measurement means, which is unaffected by the surface reflectance of a steel plate, the radiation thermometer being capable of measuring the temperature in three or more locations in the width direction of the steel plate; and furthermore a heating device capable of partially adjusting the heating amount in the width direction in corresponding fashion to the temperature measurement positions of the radiation thermometer (T2) in the width direction of the steel plate in the alloying zone.


The behavior evaluation after a spinal medulla injury focused the locomotion in field during a certain time, using a classification scale developed by Tarl...


The healthcare industry, more specifically hospitals, has in recent times been experiencing a steady rise in nursing shortages and cost pressures. To offset these problems hospitals have increasingly relied upon supply chain automation and the use of Automated Point of Use systems (APU) to relieve nurses of their supply management responsibilities and allow them to focus more of their time on patient care, and therefore increase nursing job satisfaction and patient care quality. However, previous studies on the effectiveness of APUs have shown mixed results. It has been argued that nursing's attitude towards automation implementations plays a role in determining the success of new technologies adoption. This research, based on interviews conducted at BBC hospital, a well regarded multi-specialty academically affiliated institution, and with the help of its supply chain partner Primera, shows that nursing's perceived success of BBC's APU implementation depends on four factors the ability of the new technology to show timesaving, the availability of supplies when needed, the accessibility of supplies when needed, and the perceived quality of the products supplied. In sum, automation implementations must use workflow process changes to add tangible values that nursing perceives as helping nurses to perform their jobs better and with less stress. As for both the current BBC implementation and any future implementations, this study further recommends methods in achieving these values and therefore increasing nursing acceptance of new technology implementations. Thesis Supervisor: Dr. Jonathan L.S. Byrnes Title: Senior Lecturer


Inoculation of earthworms can help to restore or ameliorate land qualities. Earthworms create burrows and alter the structure of the soil matrix, which influence the water infiltration, drainage, water retention and the aeration of the soil. The way and rate of the development of earthworm burrow systems are practically unknown, and form the core of this thesis.When studying the relation earthworms - soil properties, correlations between earthworm activity and soil properties are commonly found, but cause and effect are hard to separate. This problem can be resolved in part by studying a chronosequence of earthworm burrow systems and associated earthworm-affected soil properties. Two of such chronosequences, which developed after inoculation of earthworms in pastures formerly without earthworms and covered 0 to 20.3 y of earthworm activity, were considered in this study.In the most intensively studied chronosequence the average dispersal rate of the earthworms was 6.3 m.y -1 in the first seven years following the inoculation. The rate strongly increased up to an average 29.3 m.y -1 in the next three years. This accelerated dispersal is most likely related to a change in food supply.To reveal the mode and rate of development of earthworm burrow systems, six of these systems were mapped three-dimensionally. Density and architecture of the burrow systems changed quickly and strongly responded to changes in the mass of the earthworm community. The burrow systems consisted of mainly vertical burrows, many of which were short (<6 cm) and only few of which reached lengths greater than 30 cm. Year-to-year variations, differences in burrow systems between the two chronosequences, and burrowing efficiency of the earthworms could be related to differences in earthworm activity.The highly dynamic nature of earthworm burrow systems indicated that both formation and destruction of burrow systems need to be considered. The destruction rate of earthworm burrows and its controlling factors were assessed by following the fate of artificial earthworm burrows in one of the pastures, and by thin section analysis of natural burrows. At and close to the soil surface trampling by cattle was the main cause of burrow destruction. At greater depth (22.5 cm) casting by earthworms was found to be the most important source of destruction.Burrows increased hydraulic conductivities ( K ) of the fully water saturate soil and of the soil matrix close to saturation. The structure of the subsoil strongly influenced the K of individual burrows. The change in structure of the topsoil by earthworm activity increased K of the unsaturated soil matrix.


Polar ice cores are unique archives recording immediate past atmospheric conditions. They provide, most prominently, reconstructions of past temperature evolution, volcanic eruptions, greenhouse gas concentrations and many other parameters that determine the environmental conditions. The dating of the ice core provides the respective chronology to the recorded past climate conditions. Here, we establish a first chronology for the East Greenland Ice-core Project (EGRIP) core based on matching of electrical conductivity peaks of volcanic origin as recorded by dielectric profiling (DEP) in the EGRIP, NGRIP and NEEM ice cores from Greenland. Our initial dating relies on the transfer of the Greenland Ice Core Chronology 2005 (GICC05) from the NGRIP and NEEM cores to the uppermost 352 m of the EGRIP core from the 2017 field season.


The chemical peculiarities of Ap stars are due to abundance stratifications produced by atomic diffusion in their outer layers. Theoretical models can predict such stratifications, but so far only provide equilibrium solutions which correspond to the maximum depth-dependent abundances for each element that can be supported by the radiation field. However, these stratifications are actually built up through a non-linear, time-dependent process which has never been modelled for realistic stellar atmospheres.

Here, we present the first numerical simulations of time-dependent diffusion. We solve the continuity equation after having computed, as accurately as possible, atomic diffusion velocities (with and without a magnetic field) for a simplified fictitious – but still realistic – chemical element: cloudium. The direct comparison with existing observations is not the immediate aim of this work but rather a general understanding of how the stratification build-up proceeds in time and space. Our results raise serious questions as to the relevance of equilibrium solutions and reinforce the suspicion that certain accumulations of chemical elements might prove unstable.


The work reported here is based on the LISP 1.5 programming language. Let us therefore begin with a short review of LISP 1.5. Those who have used LISP would be able to proceed directly to the section OUTLINE OF THE SYSTEM.


Neurotrophins play an essential role in mammalian development. Most of their functions have been attributed to activation of the kinase-active Trk receptors and the p75 neurotrophin receptor. Truncated Trk receptor isoforms lacking the kinase domain are abundantly expressed during development and in the adult; however, their function and signaling capacity is largely unknown. We show that the neurotrophin-3 (NT3) TrkCT1-truncated receptor binds to the scaffold protein tamalin in a ligand-dependent manner. Moreover, NT3 initiation of this complex leads to activation of the Rac1 GTPase through adenosine diphosphate-ribosylation factor 6 (Arf6). At the cellular level, NT3 binding to TrkCT1–tamalin induces Arf6 translocation to the membrane, which in turn causes membrane ruffling and the formation of cellular protrusions. Thus, our data identify a new signaling pathway elicited by the kinase-deficient TrkCT1 receptor. Moreover, we establish NT3 as an upstream regulator of Arf6.


Background: To evaluate the efficacy of 6 minute walk test as an assessment tool in COPD patients after pulmonary rehabilitation and to correlate 6 minute walk test [6MWT] with spirometry indices. COPD [Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease] is the one of the leading cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Pulmonary rehabilitation reduces the distress in patients. Spirometry and 6MWT are the tools used to assese the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation. Methodology: The study was conducted at Rajarajeswari Medical College, Bengaluru, from April 2018 to March 2019 with 82 patients. Consent of patient and ethical committee clearance was taken. Patients were followed up for a period of 12 months with intervals of every 3 months with FEV1 and 6MWT(6 minute walk test). Results: Out of the total 82 patients studied 46 patients continued till the end of 12 months, 3 people died. Female patients showed less improvement in 6MWT distance than male. Out of 10 cases of very severe COPD, 4(40%) cases showed significant improvement in 6MWTD(6 minute walk test distance) and out of 46 people studied 8[9.8%] were severe COPD, out of 8 severe COPD cases, 6[75%] showed improvement and 33[42%] people with moderate copd completed the study and showed improvement in 6MWT. The FEV1 and 6MWT were correlated significantly. Conclusions: 6MWT was observed to be the best tool in evaluating the pulmonary rehabilitation and also a cost effective tool as compared to that of spirometry. Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is preventable and a treatable disease which is characterised by persistent respiratory symptoms and limitation of airflow due to airway and alveolar abnormalities usually caused by exposure to noxious particles or gases. The main risk factors for COPD are tobacco smoking, biomass fuel exposure and air pollution. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading cause of death in the world, prevalence and consequent morbidity and mortality of the disease is expected to increase in the near future [1,2]. This is one of the most common reasons for hospitalization in India [3]. The disease is progressive, distressing and debilitating. It is difficult to predict the mortality and trajectory of disease [4]. Exercise testing and composite indexes such as the BODE index, have been used to predict mortality, but as it is time consuming, its often not utilized clinically [5-7]. The 6MWT is used to evaluate exercise capacity. 6MWT is easy to perform by the patient, it requires no special traning or special equipments.The test results correlates well with sophisticated tests requiring a treadmill or cycle ergometer [8,10]. Hence the distance walked in 6 minutes (6MWD) is frequently used as an outcome measure in evaluating the benefit of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) [11-13]. Pulmonary rehabilitation is widely used to treat COPD patients with different degree of severity, thus bringing them benefits in terms of improvement in exercise capacity, symptoms and quality of life. Materials and Methods The study is a prospective and observational study conducted in the respiratory medicine department of Rajarajeswari Medical College, Bengaluru. The study period April 2018March 2019. A total of 82 patients who were diagnosed as COPD through spirometry with FEV1/FVC<_70 and FEV1<80(GOLD-2-4-moderate-very severe COPD)-who were willing to give written consent and who were willing to undergo pulmonary rehabilitation were taken for the study. The ethical committee clearance was obtained. The patients were given pulmonary rehabilitation over a period of 3 months, 6months and 12 months. The rehabilitation consisted of endurance exercises, resistance exercises, counselling and cessation of smoking, optimal treatment and other encouraging psychotherapy. For all the patients, six minute Article Info Received: 27th July, 2019 Accepted: 17th August, 2019 Published Online: 18th September, 2019


The utility model discloses a bidirectional graphite carbon ring seal for sealing an axle end of a high-voltage, toxic and harmful gas device. The bidirectional graphite carbon ring seal comprises a valve combining sealing round ring formed by fixedly connecting valves by a spring on an excircle ring groove, wherein the ring groove is an inclined arc ring groove symmetrically inclined towards the end surface of a sealing body. The spring pretightening force fixedly connected on the excircle inclined ring grooves of the seal carbon ring is decomposed into an axial component and a radial component by the novel structure of the non-regular inclined ring groove. The radial component ensures the radial pressure of the spring closely adhered on the valve seal ring. The composite force F formed by the axial component F axle generated by the spring pretightening force and the axial pressure F axle reacts on one side end surface of the sealing body by the inclined surface of the ring groove and a no-clearance sealing environment is formed on the adhering surface under the axial force and whether the sealing body is at the static state or dynamic state, the no-clearance sealing environment is always available and the manufacture technology of the bidirectional graphite carbon ring seal is as simple as the manufacture technology of the common seal.


BACKGROUND
The alveolar antral artery (AAA) is a vascular structure that often passes through the area of lateral window opening during sinus augmentation and can reach dimensions that, if the vessel is severed, can represent a serious complication of the surgical procedure.

PURPOSE
With this narrative review, we aimed at summarizing the results obtained from all the studies that analyzed the variability in anatomical position and dimension of the AAA in order to give the clinician a reference when planning for a sinus augmentation surgery.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A search of available literature was conducted using electronic databases (PubMed and Medline) and manual searching.

RESULTS
Detection rate of AAA on cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) is variable and may depend upon the experience of the clinician. The course of the vessel is most frequently intraosseous, and its diameter, despite being smaller than 1 mm in most of the cases, can have a high incidence of diameters between 1 mm and 2 mm. Mean distances of the AAA from alveolar crest and sinus floor range from 11.25 mm to 26.90 mm and 5.80 mm to 10.40 mm.

CONCLUSIONS
Anatomical variants of the AAA that may increase the risk of severe intraoperatory bleeding are frequent and must be detected by the clinician implementing the use of the CBCT.


The sustainable performance of a typical small marine capital improvement project was measured using the Envision 2.0 guidance manual and rating system during fall 2012. The Port of Everett project team used Envision to gauge the effectiveness of its sustainability programs, community outreach, and commitments to environmental stewardship. Through this project, the port has a new roll on-roll off (RO-RO) facility that increases operational capacity for supporting the international construction and manufacturing industries. Using a minimal impact design strategy of integrating with an existing marine facility, construction costs and environmental impacts were reduced. The strategy included installing new—and repairing existing—mooring structures, as well as upgrading the existing fender system and removing creosote-treated timber piles. The study shows how parts of the project relate to each Envision category and how points were achieved. With this study, the project team was able to determine the compatibility and functionality of Envision with seaport infrastructure projects. Involved in multiple sustainability programs, the port project team welcomed the chance to continually improve their performance across different applications using Envision, such as in capital improvement projects. Opportunities for the team to improve its sustainability planning and design practices are outlined in the report. Although this project was evaluated at the end of the 100% design phase, the port team came away with multiple examples that will improve its sustainability performance on future projects by using Envision as a guideline. Those include but are not limited to performing a life-cycle analysis, setting sustainability goals in the project design phase, and further developing a sustainable procurement policy for contractors and vendors.


The surface quality of the machined parts is one of the most important product quality characteristics and one of the most frequent customer requirements. In this study, an artificial neural network (ANN) approach for modeling of surface roughness in dry single-point turning of an alloy steel using coated tungsten carbide inserts is presented. The three main cutting parameters consisting of cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut are varied in the experiment. Each of the other parameters is treated as constant. The average surface roughness (Ra) is chosen as a measure of surface quality. The data set from major experiment is employed for training a feed-forward three-layer backpropagation ANN. The developed ANN model is tested on the other combinations of the cutting parameters in the given ranges, which are not included in the training process. The results of calculations are in good agreement with the experimental data confirming the effectiveness of ANN approach in modeling of surface roughness in turning process.


Abstract Cybercrime continues to be a detrimental problem in South Africa and continues to change in nature and sophistication. Innovations and technological advancements aimed at moving the world towards a digital age increase the risks of cybercrime. Concurrently, as the risk of cybercrime increases so does the challenge to police it. The policing of cybercrime is generally an afterthought for several organisations and individuals in South Africa. This type of crime has no regional, national or international boundaries, unlike "traditional crime" which has physical boundaries and limits in relation to jurisdiction. This contributes towards the challenge of detecting, investigating and combating it. Cyber criminals have intercepted vital and essential government, personal and business information online. Therefore, the primary objective of this paper is to explore the obstacles/challenges that hamper the effective and efficient policing of cybercrime in Durban, South Africa. A qualitative research approach was adopted, to explore the challenges of policing of cybercrime in the study area. The findings collected through semi-structured interviews with a total number of twenty (20) participants comprising of SAPS Directorate for Priority Crime Investigation (DPCI) officials, members of Bowline Security and members of the Durban community; suggest that there is a shortage of SAPS officials who are knowledgeable in handling cybercrime related cases. Policies and strategies to police cybercrime in Durban are insufficient because of the lack of resources, to adequately implement policy and promote cooperative strategic partnerships. Together, these findings suggest that all relevant stakeholder organisations should assist in minimising the challenge of policing of cybercrime.


The differential cross section for the scattering of positive charge from collisions of noble gas ions with the target gas argon has been measured. The ion beam is passed through a chamber containing the target gas at a pressure of a few microns of mercury, which is low enough to insure that single collisions will predominate. The particles scattered out of the beam are collected and the total positive charge is measured. The collector incorporates collimating holes to select only those particles at a chosen scattering angle with a resolution of about two degrees. The apparatus allows the angle to be varied continuously up to thirty-eight degrees. Data are presented for collisions of singly ionized helium, neon, and argon ions with argon atoms at 25, 50, and 100 kev. The cross sections observed differ from those expected from the Rutherford scattering law and these differences are interpreted in terms of electron screening, ionization, and charge exchange.


In the past decades, offshore wind energy has emerged as one of the most promising renewable alternatives to the traditional fossil sources of energy. Although the ocean has a vast potential, with higher wind speeds and lower turbulence levels than onshore, the required marine foundations make the realization of an offshore wind farm expensive. Partly, the high cost of a foundation is caused by the safety factor that is used to compensate for uncertainties in modeling the forces acting on the offshore wind turbine.


The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has affected everyone around the world. Most symptoms of COVID-19 overlap with symptoms of the flu and the common cold. With the approaching flu season, early and accurate detection of these viruses are critical not only to slow the spread of SARS-CoV-2, but also to ensure that patients receive the appropriate care based on their diagnosis, and to keep the healthcare system from becoming overloaded. We designed a next-generation sequencing (NGS) assay to detect the SARS-CoV-2, influenza A H1N1, influenza A H3N2, influenza B, RSV A, and RSV B viruses, and to allow for surveillance and subtype identification. The primers for this multiplex PCR-based method interrogate nearly every gene of each virus. Subsequent sequencing enables not only virus detection but also co-infection detection for these respiratory viruses. In addition, sequencing of virus-positive samples makes it possible to use this assay for mutation and strain analysis. Using the CleanPlex target enrichment technology, we prepared targeted amplicon libraries with human total RNA (50ng) spiked with SARS-CoV-2 synthetic RNA, influenza A synthetic RNA, influenza B synthetic RNA, RSV A RNA, and RSV B RNA (100-10,000 viral genome copies), either individually or in combination. The NGS library preparation protocol includes a reverse transcription step to generate cDNA, followed by a multiplexed PCR step for specific amplification of viral targets. A critical subsequent background cleaning step removes non-specific PCR products, and a final PCR adds sample indices and Illumina sequencing adapters to complete the NGS library preparation. Libraries were sequenced on the Illumina iSeq100 platform, and sequencing metrics as well as virus characterization were determined using Paragon Genomics9s bioinformatics pipeline. Each sample was sequenced at 1,000 average paired-end reads per amplicon. After aligning sequencing reads to each viral genome, we were able to detect nearly every gene of each virus with high specificity. At viral loads of 10,000 copies, 96-100% of amplicons were covered at >100X, and mapped to the intended virus species as well as to the intended subtypes for influenza A and RSV. The assay also accurately identified co-infected samples, which contained equal copies of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza (either A H1N1, A H3N2, or B). In summary, the assay detects multi-target respiratory viruses with high accuracy and specificity. We plan to expand on our findings for this assay9s performance with additional targets, co-infection studies and mutational analysis studies. Citation Format: Lucie S. Lee, Rounak Feigelman, David Debruyne, Julia Spencer, Chenyu Li, Zhitong Liu, Guoying Liu. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 co-infections with seasonal respiratory viruses using a multiplexed amplicon NGS panel [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 707.


Inappropriate therapy due to noise oversensing caused a true ventricular fibrillation (VF) and a life-threatening event in a patient. A 19-year-old patient with surgically corrected congenital heart disease and systolic dysfunction had an implantable cardioverter defibrillator implanted for primary prevention in 2013. This patient was admitted at the Emergency Department in June 2018 after receiving eight shocks from the device on the same day, with a prolonged syncope after the third shock. Another noise-induced VF detection occurred, and two inappropriate shocks followed sequentially, causing true VF. Four appropriate shocks were subsequently needed until sinus rhythm was finally restored.


This undergraduate degree project will develop and implement an innovative dual B.S. degree program in geosciences that focuses on field-based learning in an international setting, while also including substantial training in allied sciences, language, and culture. The program will be centered on the different natural geosciences laboratories already used by each partner and will take advantage of complementary in-house research facilities operated by each. This program builds on the strength of existing institutional relationships, geosciences curriculum, and complementary research facilities among all three consortium partners.


This study aims at estimating the difference health and education performance between children with exposure to smoke and those who are not at home. An environment with the extreme smoke condition has adverse health effects. This study utilizes longitudinal data namely Indonesia Family Life Survey period 2007 and 2014 (IFLS4 and IFLS5). We use the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method and the Average Treatment Effect on Treated (ATT). The health indicator is proxied by body mass index (BMI) and educational achievement proxied with children cognitive ability. The results show that children who grow in a household with active smoker tend to have lower health status and educational attainment compare to children who are not. This study recommends public policy for banning smoking in public areas as well as inside building such as house and office in Indonesia. DOI:  10.15408/sjie.v7i2.5793


a) a blend of the di-alkyl methyl glutarate and one or more dialkyl adipate or di dibasic ester comprises an alkyl acetate succinate; b) at least one terpene; And c), Intermediate cleaning composition comprising at least one surfactant. The heavy oil cleaning compositions optionally may include one or more glycol ethers, at least one alkanolamine, at least one polyol, or one or more sulfosuccinates, or these in any combination. The heavy oil cleaning composition may further comprise water. The invention also, a) obtaining a terpene type solvent; And b) a carrier fluid, the terpene type solvent to obtain a mixture capable of cleaning a heavy oil (carrier fluid is i) a dialkyl methyl glutarate, dialkyl adipate, dialkyl ethyl succinate, dialkyl succinate, dialkyl glutarate, and a dibasic ester selected from the group consisting of any combination of these blend, ii) a terpene alkoxylates, alcohol alkoxylates, and at least one surfactant selected from the group consisting of any combination of these .; And ⅲ) it provides a method for delivering the solvent at a reduced concentration, comprising mixing and including a water microemulsion).


This article is devoted to the study of Erzya-Russian bilingualism in the aspect of code switching on the territory of the Republic of Mordovia. The aim of the study is to present the types of intra-phrase code switching based on the material of narrative recordings of Erzya-Russian bilingual children. Special attention is paid to the study of the peculiarities of the functioning of native and non-native languages in a bilingual society, the mechanisms of code switching in children, taking into account the (non-) correspondence of structures in two languages and different strategies of native speakers' response when using two languages in one unit of discourse. The source base of this study was the materials of the spontaneous narrative collected by the author of the article in 2017-2019. The informants are bilingual children aged 4 to 7 years inclusive. The research methods were the descriptive method of factual material, narrative sampling, included and not included observation.


Pokémon Go is the game, which based on Augmented-Reality (AR). They suddenly appear in an AR Scene on the monitor of a smart device, and all users just follow them by holding the smart device on their hand. However, there were some car accidents while they were following. In addition, the game has some potential risks like a kidnap, face fishing, and fake third-party website with fake information. This article introduces the potential risk taxonomy that considers the system architecture as the basis for the subsequent state of art analysis. It also contains the differences of existing solutions and new solutions to future research challenges in expected risks.


OVER THE LAST few years, there have been rapid advances in body imaging techniques with improvements in the sensitivity and the variety of ligands available. This has been achieved by a combination of the design of the tomographs and the chemistry which enables a radioactive molecule with rapid half lives ("C=20 minutes) to be synthesized, purified, quality tested, and injected into a patient in less than an hour. Although there are other imaging techniques available, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which uses natural resou~~es of, for example, water and fluorine, or single emission positron tomography (SPECT), neither of these, at the moment, have the resolution necessary to visualize discrete areas of the brain. Positron Emission Tomography (PET), however, allows accurate measurement of the binding of ligands to receptors or enzymes, blood flow or energy utilization within any part of the body and is increasingly being used as a diagnostic tool to examine the state and progression of diseases such as cancer, Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, and car-


To make the mixture of mineral materials having different particle sizes uniformly in the combustion of the combustible gas stream with the shaft extending or rectangular cross-section of a shaft furnace, the system tipping material column (9 ') is, for example, by a track (25) or chute periodically changing the direction of separation occurring during a guide feed is generated, a particle size distribution such that the guide system in the packaging material column (9 ') and then modify. Direction by rotating in the opposite direction chute (24) is changed.


This article examines how digital social networks, used to bring together representatives and represented, can also leave them distant. The most part of followers of political leaders tend to agree with their political stances, but when that does not happen, there are examples of radicalization. Not necessarily against other commentators, but against political leaders, because there are political-ideological disagreements and the "unexpected" positions. Based on the literature about omnilogue debate and the possibility of detachment between leaders and not leaders in the network, an analysis is made to identify how this occurs in everyday practice. We use the Iramuteq to help with a content analysis of the posts and comments made in seven institutional accounts on Facebook about death of Fidel Castro. The case is an example of how social networks can also to serve to move away representatives and represented when the content of conversation transcends the ideological "bubble".


The footwear industry generates small volumes of non-biodegradable liquid effluents from finishing operations which have a high organic load, mainly due to pigments, organic acids and organic solvents. In consequence, these effluents must be treated to accomplish regulatory requirements before discharge. One of the treatment alternatives is coagulation/flocculation, a well-known treatment for removing fine particles and colloids. Tests carried out using lime, aluminum sulphate, ferric chloride and ferric sulphate as coagulants gave chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD 5 ) removals over 80-90 %. However, despite this efficiency, some of the effluent characteristics are still higher than those imposed for discharge to surface waters, land or sewage systems. A polishing step using activated carbon adsorption is then required to permit the discharge to sewage systems, but the quantities of adsorbent required casts some doubt on the feasibility of the process.


The StoryBank project is exploring the use of digital storytelling technology for local information sharing in the developing world. A secondary objective of the project is to consider the value of storytelling for global information sharing about the lives and needs of remote communities. In this note we show how we are collecting data on both issues and can present the key findings at the workshop.


This report was prepared to support the analysis of risks and costs associated with the proposed treatment of low-level mixed waste (LLMW) under management of the US Department of Energy (DOE). The various waste management alternatives for treatment of LLMW have been defined in the DOE`s Office of Waste Management Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement. This technical memorandum estimates the waste material throughput expected at each proposed LLMW treatment facility and analyzes potential radiological and chemical releases at each DOE site resulting from treatment of these wastes. Models have been developed to generate site-dependent radiological profiles and waste-stream-dependent chemical profiles for these wastes. Current site-dependent inventories and estimates for future generation of LLMW have been obtained from DOE`s 1994 Mixed Waste Inventory Report (MWIR-2). Using treatment procedures developed by the Mixed Waste Treatment Project, the MWIR-2 database was analyzed to provide waste throughput and emission estimates for each of the different waste types assessed in this report. Uncertainties in the estimates at each site are discussed for waste material throughputs and radiological and chemical releases.


The painting of a landscape raises a number of questions about order in nature and the ways in which it is perceived. The ecologist may assume that the artist understands very little about the mysteries with which he deals without being condescending, for he readily admits that the complexities are great and our knowledge of the behavior of a landscape as a whole is limited. Like the naturalist, the artist must deal with a fragmentary understanding of what he sees. In addition to this he must harmonize his personal apprehension of the landscape with the prerequisites of painting and the organizational problem of the two-dimensional canvas. Art historians and critics perennially discover that a painter's works as a whole express not only a personality and a measure of understanding, but a more or less consistent and systematic inheritance.


Objective-Optimize the extraction conditions of total flavonoids from Met sequoia glyptostroboides Leaves. Methods- the optimal extraction parameters and the extraction rate were studied by response surface methodology. Select the ethanol concentration, extraction temperature, ratio of material to liquid and extracting time as factors, and the extraction rate of total flavonoids as the response value, the experimental design of four factors and three levels was applied to Box-Behnken central composite method. Results-The optimal conditions for the extraction rate of total flavonoids were 81% ethanol concentration, extraction temperature at 74 °C, extraction time for 2.2 h, ratio of solid to liquid were 1:41. And the total flavonoids yield was up to 1.871% at optimal conditions. The relative error were 0.44% compared the values of predict by regression model with the experimental values. Conclusion- Optimization of extracting technology condition was reliable, which based on response surface method.


Objective To observe the safety and clinical curative effect of trabeculectomy on continuous high intraocular pressure in primary angle closure glaucoma.Methods A retrospective analysis of 33 cases (33 eyes) (IOP≥40mmHg) in patients with high intraocular pressure performed trabeculectomy (treatment group),37 cases (37 eyes) (IOP<40mmHg) underwent trabeculectomy (control group),were compared between the two groups of patients with preoperative and postoperative visual acuity,intraocular pressure,filtering bleb and anterior chamber formation condition.Results No choroidal fulminant hemorrhage,retinal hemorrhage,severe complications such as malignant glaucoma occurred on two groups.There were no significant differences (P >0.05) on intraocular pressure,visual acuity,filtering blebs,and anterior chamber on both groups.Conclusions Persistent high intraocular pressure (full medication treatment for 24-72 hour,IOP is still ≥40mmHg) of primary angle closure glaucoma patients,actively take operation therapy,can not only shorten the course of disease,but also to avoid further damage to visual function,is safe and effective.

Key words:
Persistent high intraocular pressure;  Glaucoma;  Trabeculectomy


where V is a real-valued function. If the potential function V decays rapidly enough and, for example, smooth, then the spectrum of the operator H typically is absolutely continuous on [0,∞). If V has a non-trivial negative part, then H might have finite or infinite number of negative eigenvalues {λn(H)}. In case the number of negative eigenvalues is infinite, the point zero is the only possible accumulating point. The inequalities


Intro:
 Cardiac involvement in COVID-19 infection is common. Epicardial adipose tissue functions as an inflammatory depot, and a thickness (EAT-T) >5mm is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. The present study assessed the significance of increased EAT-T in patients with COVID-19.

 Methods:
 A retrospective cohort study of 149 consecutive patients diagnosed with COVID-19 between March 2020 to January 2021 was performed. Inclusion criteria were lab-confirmed COVID-19 infection and having a Chest CT scan without contrast during hospitalization. EAT-T was measure in right ventricle free wall (Figure 1). Characteristic of patients and comparisons were analyzed by T-Test and Chi-square. Log-linear analysis and cumulative logistic regression was carried out to predict effect between EAT-T and mortality

 Results:
 The mean age was 67 ± 15 years, 65% were male, and time from onset of symptoms was 7 ± 5 days. Forty-seven (31.5%) patients required mechanical ventilation, and 34 (22.8%) required vasopressors. Medical therapy included convalescent plasma (36%), Remdesivir (28%), Tocilizumab (46%), Enoxaparin (64%), and Dexamethasone (39%). There were 36 (24.2%) in-hospital deaths, with a greater incidence amongst patients with an EAT-T > 5 mm versus ≤ 5 mm (95 vs 5%, p=.001). Notably, age was not significantly different on patients with in-hospital mortality (69 vs 66 years, p=0.5), and higher EAT-T by 2.17 mm on patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (p=.001) and 10.9 mm in myocardial infarction (p=.02). In multivariable analysis an EAT-T >5mm was associated with an increased risk of mortality (OR 12.3, 95% CI 3-55, p=.001). In the presence of EAT-T > 5 mm, no effect was observed by chronic kidney disease, hypertension, coronary artery disease, dyslipidemia, or body mass index (p >0.5).

 Conclusions:
 In patients with COVID-19, an EAT-T > 5 mm is associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality and may provide important risk stratification.


Vegetation cover change had a very important effect on regional ecological environment quality.Analyzing the trend change of vegetation cover can provide monitoring methods for vegetation cover dynamic change in Cuiping district.The changing trends of maximum value composited of NDVI and dimidiate pixel model were used to analyze the vegetation cover change in Cuiping district from 2001 to 2009 by using landsat and related auxiliary data.The results indicated that the improvement and degradation of the whole vegetation cover area in Cuiping district coexisted simultaneously for the past 9 years,but the improved vegetation area was larger than the degradation area.The area with high vegetation coverage markedly increased as well as the whole trend of vegetation cover area increased.Moreover,seven landscape indices were selected to analyze the landscape pattern change of different vegetation coverage in 2001 and 2009.The results indicated that the patch density of high vegetation coverage in 2009 was lower than that in 2001,but the whole area fragmentation was higher than 2001.The patche perimeter area fractal dimension and Shannon′s diversity index in 2009 were smaller than in 2001,but both of the largest patch area and aggregation index in 2009 were larger,which meant that its ecological nature conservation function was significantly stronger than 2001.Thus,in order to maintain favorable trend of high vegetation cover,it should be kept on enhancing and perfecting the regional protective measures of vegetation cover.


With Yantai Tanglang Quan(mantis boxing) as subject and with the methods of field research,literature,social investigation and logical analysis,it analyzed the origin and school of Yantai Tanglang Quan,its road of heritage application,its development process and its development strategy,so as to to raise awareness of this important non-material cultural heritage and awareness,and to provide a reference for promoting the sustainable development of Yantai Tanglang Quan.


In many metazoans, centromeres are embedded in large blocks of highly repetitive (peri-) centromeric heterochromatin from which non-coding RNAs emanate that have been assigned diverse functions in different species. However, little is known about their functional details or regulation. The pericentromere of the X chromosome in Drosophila melanogaster contains a multi mega-base array of the 359 bp satellite repeats from the 1.688 family, which is transcribed into a lncRNA (SAT III RNA). We performed a SAT III RNA pulldown assay and identified a SAT III RNA-associated complex of four previously uncharacterized proteins and show that they affect germline development. These factors not only interact with each other and with SAT III RNA but also co-regulate each other. RNAi depletion of any of the factors leads to severe defects in the developing germline and sterility. Moreover, we show that the complex plays a crucial role in SAT III RNA repression, as RNAi depletion of the factors leads to a drastic increase of SAT III RNA levels. Importantly, genetic reduction of SAT III RNA level in the RNAi-depleted flies partially rescued the germ line defects and infertility phenotype. Based on our results we hypothesize that the identified complex functions in the germline to regulate SAT III RNA levels, possibly to offset effects of chromatin remodelling taking place in the developing germline.


The utility model relates to a mobile telephone holding rack for an automobile, which comprises a rack body and a clamp, wherein the rack body forms an L shape, and two opposite sides of the rack body are respectively provided with a first belt and a second belt which are lined into a ring shape for sheathing with a mobile telephone; the clamp is arranged behind the rack body, and comprises an upper elastic clamping sheet and a lower elastic clamping sheet. The opposite inner surfaces of the upper elastic clamping sheet and the lower elastic clamping sheet are respectively provided with a front convex sheet and a back convex sheet which are arranged in different positions of the upper elastic clamping sheet and the lower elastic clamping sheet; the two elastic clamping sheets are clamped on wind guide vanes of a cold air outlet of an automobile, and the wind guide vanes are positioned between the front convex sheet and the back convex sheet to avoid the opposite displacement of the clamp and the vanes. The utility model does not affect driver's sight line and operation, and has the advantages of simple structure and low cost.


This study investigates the learning experiences of student translators participating in collaborative translation with and without the use of translation technology through collaborative translation teaching and practical exercises. The effectiveness and efficiency of two types of collaboration (face-to-face and virtual) are surveyed in terms of students' cooperation and communication, the effort they invest into translation exercises, the importance they attach to these exercises, and the effectiveness of translation technology in collaborative translation. We use questionnaires to obtain a comprehensive overview of the translation process of and feedback on collaborative translation from student translators. Face-to-face and virtual collaborative translations are performed in English–Chinese translation courses to compare the learning effectiveness of virtual and face-to-face collaboration, enhance our understanding of how collaborative translation facilitates reciprocity, and offer recommendations to enhance translation teaching. This study develops collaborative translation teaching methods and designs collaborative translation curricula. Exploring the core criteria of collaboration, effectiveness, and efficiency through the reports of student translators collaborating face-to-face and online will contribute to the establishment of a collaborative translation framework.


The structure of opigenin, an aglycone from the glycosidic fraction of Opiliaceltidifolia, has been established by study of the genin and its derivatives by means of ir, mass spectroscopy, and 1H and 13C nmr spectroscopy. This is a new triterpene whose skeleton resembles that of 3β-hydroxy lupane but with an isopropyl group in position 20 and an oxymethylene bridge in position 20–28.


Authors : Andrew Fox, Tao Zhang, Yuanhong Zhao, Qingping Yang Abstract : The furniture manufacturing industry has been slow in general to adopt the latest manufacturing technologies, historically relying heavily upon specialised conventional machinery. This approach not only requires high levels of specialist process knowledge, training, and capital investment but also suffers from significant subtractive manufacturing waste and high logistics costs due to the requirement for centralised manufacturing, with high levels of furniture product not re-cycled or reused. This paper aims to address the problems by introducing suitable digital manufacturing technologies to create step changes in furniture manufacturing design, as the traditional design practices have been reported as building in 80% of environmental impact. In this paper, a 3D printing robot for furniture manufacturing is reported. The 3D printing robot mainly comprises a KUKA industrial robot, an Arduino microprocessor, and a self-assembled screw fed extruder. Compared to traditional 3D printer, the 3D printing robot has larger motion range and can be easily upgraded to enlarge the maximum size of the printed object. Generative design is also investigated in this paper, aiming to establish a combined design methodology that allows assessment of goals, constraints, materials, and manufacturing processes simultaneously. 'Matrixing' for part amalgamation and product performance optimisation is enabled. The generative design goals of integrated waste reduction increased manufacturing efficiency, optimised product performance, and reduced environmental impact institute a truly lean and innovative future design methodology. In addition, there is massive future potential to leverage Single Minute Exchange of Die (SMED) theory through generative design post-processing of geometry for robot manufacture, resulting in 'mass customised' furniture with virtually no setup requirements. These generatively designed products can be manufactured using the robot based additive manufacturing. Essentially, the 3D printing robot is already functional; some initial goals have been achieved and are also presented in this paper.