Objective
To investigate the relevant factors affecting the quality of clinical training and provide an objective basis for advancing the scientific reform of hospital clinical teaching and improving the quality of the teaching practice.

Methods
Questionnaire surveys about the status of teaching management, clinical teaching and clinical practicing effect were distributed to clinical intern (n=420), clinical teachers (n=137), hospital teaching management staff (n=37)and patients(n=148) by cluster sampling method. The results were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 software.

Results
There were 89.0%(374/420) of the internship units, who have conducted pre-job training for students, 93.3%(392/420) of the internship units have formulated rotation plans for students and strictly implemented them, and 75.2%(316/420) of the students can attend the internship on time. There were 53.8% (226/420) of the students, who think that teachers have a strong sense of teaching, more than half of the students think that teachers have a very good level of knowledge and practical skills. Students participate more in teaching activities such as teaching rounds, case discussions, bedside teaching, special lectures and ward lectures, but less in simulated training, multi-media teaching, clinical reasoning, network teaching platform. There were 86.9%(119/137) of the instructors, who expressed their willingness and willingness to participate in clinical teaching, but there were still some shortcomings in the specific teaching process. For example, only 75.7%(318/420) of the students thought that the instructors would revise their writing carefully, 64.3%(270/420) thought that the instructors would guide their clinical operation frequently, and only 29.2%(40/137) of the instructors could plan to provide students with practical operational opportunities. The main difficulties encountered in teaching were busy work, low enthusiasm of students, serious absence and tense doctor-patient relationship. There were 70.1% (96/137) of teachers, who believed that the integration of ideological and political education can improve the learning outcome.

Conclusions
At this stage, the conditions and basis for clinical practice teaching have been established in teaching management and teachers, but there are still some problems. It's important to build a perfect management systems, change the models of clinical teaching and strengthen ideological education at clinical practice in the future.

Key words:
Medical students; Clinical practice; Situation; Satisfaction; Survey


Beyond the Pleasure Principal, Group Psychology and Other Works (1920 - 1922). This collection of twenty-four volumes is the first full paperback publication of the standard edition of The Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud in English. Includes: Beyond the Pleasure Principle (1920). Group Psychology and the Analysis (1921). The Psychogenesis of a Case of Homosexuality in a Woman (1920). Psycho-Analysis and Telepathy (1921). Dreams and Telepathy (1922). Some Neurotic Mechanisms in Jealousy, Paranoia and Homosexuality (1922). Two Encyclopedia Articles (1922). Shorter Writings (1920-22).


Biopreservatives are clean-label ingredients used to control pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms in ready-to-eat foods including cheese. The efficacies of six commercial biopreservatives in controlling L. monocytogenes growth at 4°C were tested in a high-moisture model cheese (pH 6.00, 56% moisture, 1.25% salt) made of cream, micellar casein, water, salt, lactose, lactic acid, and a single protective culture (PC-1, PC-2, or PC-3, 10 6 CFU/g target) or bacterial fermentate (CM-1 or CM-2 [cultured milk] or CSV-1 [cultured sugar-vinegar blend], 0.5% or 1.0% level). Cheeses were inoculated with 3-log CFU/g L. monocytogenes (5-strain cocktail), after which 25-g samples were vacuum-sealed and stored at 4°C for 8 weeks. L. monocytogenes populations from triplicate samples were enumerated weekly on Modified Oxford agar in duplicate trials. L. monocytogenes growth (≥1-log increase) was observed in approximately 1 week in control cheese and those formulated with 10 6 CFU/g PC-1 or PC-2. Growth was delayed to 2.5 weeks in model cheeses formulated with 10 6 CFU/g PC-3 or 0.5% CM-2 and to 3 weeks with 0.5% CM-1 or CSV-1. Growth was further delayed to 6.5-7.5 weeks in model cheeses formulated with 1.0% CM-1 or CM-2, while formulation with 1.0% CSV-1 inhibited L. monocytogenes growth for 8 weeks. In a second set of experiments, the combined effect of pH and 0.5% CSV-1 on L. monocytogenes inhibition was investigated. Incorporation of 0.5% CSV-1 delayed L. monocytogenes growth to 3, 6, and >10 weeks in cheeses of pH 6.00, 5.75, and 5.50, respectively, versus growth observed in 1, 1, and 3.5 weeks in control cheeses. These data suggest that certain fermentates have greater antilisterial activity than protective cultures in directly acidified cheeses with direct biopreservative incorporation and refrigerated storage. Further research is needed to optimize conditions to prevent listerial growth utilizing protective cultures in fresh, soft cheeses.


Recently, how to handle the situation where only a few samples in the dataset are labeled has become a hot academic topic. Semi-Supervised Learning (SSL) has shown its great capacity and potential in this topic. However, existing methods tend to focus more on the relationship between unlabeled samples and labeled samples or focus on unlabeled samples' information while rarely exploring the hidden information between unlabeled data of the same category. To address this shortcoming, we use an intra-class similarity measure to exploit the information between unlabeled samples of the same class and, on this basis, introduce a new intra-class similarity loss term. In addition, to improve the accuracy of pseudo-labels in deep semi-supervised learning, we also propose an adaptive expansion of the Label Propagation algorithm. The proposed method outperforms many state-of-the-art results in CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100 and Mini-ImageNet. The experimental results show that adding the intra-class similarity loss term and the adaptive extension improvement to the deep semi-supervised learning model can effectively improve the model's performance.


The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of 16 α - 18 F-fluoro-17 β -estradiol ( 18 F-FES) PET to predict prognosis in patients with endometrial cancer (EC). Methods: A total of 67 patients with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage I–IV endometrial cancer underwent 18 F-FES and 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18 F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) before treatment. The mean standardized uptake value (SUV) of the primary tumor was compared with the clinical characteristics, and the relationships between SUV and progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS) were analyzed. Results: 18 F-FES SUV significantly associated with stage, histology, lymphovascular space involvement (LVSI), and lymph node metastasis; and 18 F-FDG SUV significantly associated with stage, myometrial invasion, tumor size, and lymph node metastasis. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that 18 F-FES SUV could significantly detect tumor progression and survival with area under the curve (AUC) of 0.813 and 0.790, respectively; whereas 18 F-FDG SUV could detect them with AUC of 0.557 and 0.635. The Kaplan–Meier survival curve showed that patients with low 18 F-FES SUV had significantly poor PFS ( P <0.001) and OS ( P = 0.001) compared with patients with high SUV, whereas 18 F-FDG showed no significant differences. In a sub-analysis of 27 patients with low risk of recurrence (FIGO stage IA endometrioid carcinoma [grade 1 or 2] without LVSI), those with low 18 F-FES SUV also had poorer PFS than those with high SUV ( P = 0.002). In multivariate analysis, 18 F-FES SUV <2.63 ( P = 0.037, hazard ratio (HR) 10.727, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16–99.35), and FIGO 0.042, HR 8.838, 95%CI 1.09–71.84) were significantly associated with PFS. Conclusion: Low 18 F-FES SUV of the primary tumor associated strongly with prognostic factors of EC such as LVSI and lymph node metastasis, and low 18 F-FES SUV was an independent prognostic factor for PFS in patients with EC. These data suggest that pretreatment 18 F-FES PET might be useful in determining the appropriate treatment for patients with EC.


A review o f t h e thermodynamic p roper t ies o f macroscopic quantum systems i s given from the u n i f i e d p o i n t o f view provided by t h e Quantum Theorem o f Corresponding States. These r e s u l t s a re used t o p r e d i c t and discuss t h e thermodynamic p roper t ies o f sp in-polar ized quantum systems. In t roduc t ion . One o f the most e x c i t i n g areas o f i n v e s t i g a t i o n i n t h i s century has been and cont i n u e s t o be macroscopic quantum systems. Research i n t h i s area has uncovered an unexpectedl y r i c h ve in o f unant ic ipated phenomena, t h e study o f which has l e d t o an ever deeper understanding o f the laws of nature. New inves t iga t i o n s have recen t l y been undertaken on a new se t o f such macroscopic quantum systems; namely, sp in-polar ized quantum systems such as sp inp o l a r i z e d a tomic hydrogen 101-061 and s p i n po la r i zed he1 i um-three /07, 081. Recent exper i mental r e s u l t s 109, 101 have been a major step forward and have brought an a i r o f optimism t o workers i n t h i s f i e l d t h a t it w i l l be poss ib le t o prepare these systems and keep them i n s tab le form long enough t o study t h e i r proper t ies, even e q u i l i b r i u m proper t ies, i n d e t a i l . The present review has as i t s goal a d iscuss ion o f t h e p o s s i b l e thermodynamic p r o p e r t i e s o f these systems. It tu rns out t h a t i t i s poss ib le t o do t h i s from a u n i f i e d p o i n t o f view because o f t h e extension o f t h e Quantum Theorem o f Corresponding States recen t l y developed by Nosanow and co-workers 111-131. This theorem was o r i g i n a l l y proposed by de Boer /14/ and i t s i n i t i a l app l i ca t ions c a r r i e d out by the him and h i s co-workers 1151. The f i r s t d i s c u s s i o n o f sp in-polar ized atomic hydrogen using the quantum theorem o f Corresponding s ta tes was g iven by Hecht /01/. Thus, a general, o v e r a l l p i c t u r e of t h e thermodynamics o f macroscopic quantum systems wi 11 be presented and then corresponding s ta tes arguments w i l l be used t o p r e d i c t the thermodynamic p r o p e r t i e s o f s p i n p o l a r i z e d quantum systems. Th is review i s organized i n t o the f o l l o w i n g Sect ions : o macroscopic quantum systems, o phenomenol og i ca l p o t e n t i a1 s, o quantum theorem o f corresponding s tates, o extended quantum theorem o f corresponding states, o thermodynamic p roper t ies o f macroscopic quantum systems, and o sp in-polar ized quantum systems. Macroscopic Quantum Systems. A macroscop ic quantum system i s a system o f approximately 10 23 p a r t i c l e s which manifests quantum e f f e c t s on a macroscopic scale. These systems e x h i b i t phenomena, which are s o l e l y due t o quantum e f f e c t s and have no c l a s s i c a l analog: o superconduct iv i ty i n metals, o s u p e r f l u i d i t y o f both hel ium isotopes, and o the existence o f the 1 i q u i d phase o f both hel ium isotopes a t zero temperature. They a lso e x h i b i t phenomena, which are due t o quantum e f fec ts , bu t do have c l a s s i c a l analogs: o the l i q u i d t o c r y s t a l phase t r a n s i t i o n which occurs i n both hel ium isotopes a t zero temperature, and Article published online by EDP Sciences and available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:1980701


The method proposed herein for the rational mineralogical analysis of ceramics uses conventional results obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) in addition to a free quartz content correction evaluated for different types of clays. All this information was collected and used to assemble matrix systems containing linear equations. Each line of the system represents an element present in one of the crystallographic phases detected by XRD, and each column the phase itself. The solution of the equation systems is found from sub-routines such as A.X = B, whose output is the likely mineralogical composition of the constituents of a particular clay. The joint use of chemical and rational analyses provides a powerful tool to establish the detailed composition of raw materials used in the formulation of industrial ceramic mixtures.


This research project aims to determine the relationship between physical activities and the development of emotional intelligence. The participants were students of tenth grade in the Unidad Educativa Nicanor Larrea. Physical activity is a concept that contains all kind of bodily movement that is performed by the skeletal muscles that produce the waste of energy. While emotional intelligence contains the skill to perceive with precision, to value and express emotion, the access ability or generate feelings, clear thoughts. Besides, the ability to understand emotions knowing. Methodologically this study developed a diagnostic investigation, not experimental. It was a descriptive type since it allowed us to determine the data and the characteristics of t5he variables.
It was transversal qualitative research; the population was the students of the Unidad Educativa "Nicanor Larrea "The sample was not probabilistic and intentional; it consisted of 38 students of tenth grade. The techniques were the psychometric test and the poll. The instrument was an adaptation questionnaire PACE; through which it could evidence that 50 % of the students do physical activities. For the dependent variable, it used the questionnaire TMMS-24, where it evidenced that 50% of participants can concentrate, Hence, results showed that there is a correlation between the two variables. Physical activities strengthen the development of emotional intelligence. Therefore, students who have sedentary life face challenges to control their emotions in contrast to people who do sports or exercise.


The expressions for the partial vapour pressures of the two components in a monomer-dimer mixture involve certain cluster sums βk. The values of βk, as far as k = 5, were given in a previous paper. The evaluation of these quantities becomes more difficult as k increases and the method of obtaining β5 for a face-centred cubic lattice is considered here in some detail.


*1 Manager, Steam Turbine Engineering Department, Steam Turbine Technology & Production Integration Division, Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems,Ltd. *2 Chief Staff Manager, Steam Turbine Engineering Department, Steam Turbine Technology & Production Integration Division, Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems,Ltd. *3 Steam Turbine Engineering Department, Steam Turbine Technology & Production Integration Division, Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems,Ltd. Application of World's Longest 50/60-Inch Titanium Blades for Large Fossil Power Plants


In this paper, a new method for predicting the pressure of failure by corroded pipes, has been developed. This new method, which takes account of the defect geometry and any interaction with adjacent defects, is based on the upper limit and lower limit of the failure pressure. Moreover, a method of calculating interpolating coefficient is introduced.


Internet video is a new form of media that allows us to study the movement of narratives. Lectures discussing Islam and science often appear in this video. One of the most popular speakers in this material is Dr. Zakir Naik, a Muslim preacher from India. Dr Zakir Naik's lectures often interpret certain modern scientific discoveries to prove the divine origin of the Qur'an, Dr. Zakir Naik also uses material from the lecture "Qurʾān and Modern Science" in other lectures.  He has included material i ʿ jāz ʿilmī similarly structured under various titles.  This focus on iʿjāz creates a space where Muslims and others use videos and clips of Naik, sometimes for their own purposes. More research needs to be done, but Dr. Zakir Naik's video curation has the opposite point of view in the viewing and dissemination of the criticism video. Copying a video to a new user's "channel" opens it up to a new deployment network, new opportunities for discussion via comments and "likes", and new framing with changes in title, description, tags, and subtitles. The same goes for video criticism, which also generates backlash.  As is common in fan-based media, the line between professional performance and amateur commentary quickly breaks down.


Following the opening of the first privately managed prison in the UK, Wolds Remand Prison, the authors were commissioned to conduct a comparative evaluation. Studies in the USA and Australia suggest that, compared with similar prisons in the public sector, privately managed prisons appear to operate at lower cost, without any significant reduction in the quality of provision. However, regimes of equal quality are to be found in the public sector, showing that privately managed prisons have no monopoly on innovation or good practice. Reviewing the argument of Harding (1997) that privatization is intended to have a 'cross fertilization' effect on the whole prison system, it is difficult to disentangle the effects of other changes on prison conditions and regime delivery. It seems more likely that it is the new competitive ethos and the introduction of managerialist techniques that have impelled prison managers to economise, innovate and often match the achievements of the private sector.


Results and Discussion, and Conclusions should be shortened significantly, focusing on the main outcome of the paper. It would be good if Lake Biwa were mentioned in the Abstract. The number of references should be reduced to about 50 (from almost 80). The number


In recent years, although BRCA1 has been extensively investigated, the contribution of inherited BRCA1 mutations to breast carcinoma in Asian populations is largely unknown. The authors undertook this study to determine the prevalence and spectrum of germline BRCA1 mutations among women in Singapore with early onset breast carcinoma.


. The purpose of the research is to analyze historiography of Ukraine's soft power issue, directions, features, problems and prospects. The methodology of the research is based on a combination of theoretical provisions of the American scholar J. Nye's concept and historical approach. In the research there has been used a broad understanding of historiography as a collection of scientific works on a certain issue. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that a historiographical analysis on Ukraine's soft power issue, directions, features, problems and prospects has been done for the first time. The Conclusion. There are three main directions of Ukraine's soft power research: 1) general issues (components, problems, possibilities, etc.); 2) the soft power issue of Ukraine in some states; 3) the image aspect of the issue. Nowadays the soft power issue of Ukraine is the most studied one in seven countries: Poland, Romania, Moldova, Georgia, Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan. The research in this area is based on a fairly well-developed methodology, which cannot be said about other two aspects (with the exception of economic image power). The very neglect of the theoretical and methodological foundations caused the shortcomings in the studies of the Ukrainian soft power issue: 1) substitution of the research subject, in particular identification of soft power with cooperation; 2) the use of the term soft power in the title without its further use in the study; 3) lack of a unified approach to the soft power tools; 4) the use of arbitrary term "the soft power strategy of Ukraine", which is not recorded in any regulatory document; 5) identification of soft power with economic sanctions against the aggressor country, which are demonstration of hard power. The above-mentioned shortcomings are related to the indeterminacy of the research subject, its unclear framework. In addition, there is the lack of normative and legal support for the soft power policy of Ukraine, its state strategy, as well as the long-term lack of special institutions for its effective promotion, which complicates the research significantly. A prospective direction of further research is to study Ukraine's soft power, in addition to the above-mentioned seven states, in other countries, relying on the theoretical and methodological achievements of the world science on this issue.


The use of ethno-archaeological approach is a current problem in the research of burial rites of the Kazakhs of Pavlodar Irtysh region, as it allows to consider the ritual massively and identify local features. The article analyzes possible perspective of the ethno-archeology in the reconstruction of the burial rite of the Kazakhs of Pavlodar Irtysh region. Emphasis is placed on considering the possibility of research the burial rites and other aspects of culture of Kazakhs in ethnography and archaeological aspect, I other words, involving a wide range of sources based on the integration of archeology and ethnology. The second section is devoted to identification of parallels in the burial rites of Kazakhs of Irtysh region at the junction of three centuries (XVIII–XIX–XX). From this section, it follows that the burial rites of Kazakhs of Pavlodar Irtysh region contains valuable information. But also available in it, a huge array of information is not sufficiently demanded by specialists, who addresses to the problem of traditional culture, surely, affects the objectivity and reliability of the conclusions of historical reconstructions. Since characteristic feature of source base of the region is weak saturation of written documents. Under these conditions, the special role acquires new ethnographic sources and the corresponding research methods through which we have today information on the material and spiritual culture of the populationof Irtysh region.


UNMASKING COMPLEXITY IN THE STUDY OF MOTIVATION: ETHNOGRAPHIC INSIGHTS FROM A TEXTILE ARTIST Karolina Caran, PhD George Mason University, 2009 Dissertation Director: Dr. Mark Hicks The dissertation holistically examines motivation from an experiential perspective. Using the lens of creativity and ethno graphy, it offers a case study of the motivational characteristics of a textile artist at v rious periods of her life (as a child, a high school/college student, and an adult) and in v arious contexts (cultural and social). The study describes the influences of culture, soci ety, and experiences that motivate the textile artist. The analysis of stories that shape the artist's life reveals the inseparability of the development of her motivation from the specific cir umstances in which it occurs. The study illustrates that in order to understand t he complexity of motivation, it is important to examine it as it occurs in a specific context. The study also shows the significance of examining motivation as being somet hing multidirectional and holistic in nature. The findings suggest that these three eleme nts characterizing motivation—that is, its dependence on context as well as its holistic a nd multidirectional nature—should be considered by educators who wish to motivate their students, and by researchers who examine motivation. It is also suggested that more case studies of similar design be conducted in order to determine which characteristi cs of motivation are unique to an individual person and which can be generalized. Thi s knowledge would enhance our understanding of motivation as it occurs in the liv s of individuals and in society.


Ticks secrete a cocktail of immunomodulatory molecules in their saliva during blood‐feeding, including chemokine‐binding factors that help control the activity of host immunocompetent cells. Here we demonstrate differential dynamics of anti IL‐8 (CXCL8), MCP‐1 (CCL2), MIP‐1 (CCL3), RANTES (CCL5) and eotaxin (CCL11) activities in salivary gland extracts of adult Amblyomma variegatum. Unfed male and female ticks showed activity against all the chemokines except CCL5; anti‐CCL11 activity was particularly high. However, during feeding the dynamics of anti‐chemokine activity differed significantly between males and females, and varied between chemokines. In males, anti‐chemokine activities increased, whereas in females they declined or increased slightly as feeding progressed. The exception was anti‐CCL11 activity, which declined and then increased in both males and females. Comparison of salivary gland equivalents of individual ticks prepared at various feeding intervals revealed some differences that were most pronounced between individual females fed for 8 days. These observations reflect the feeding behaviour of male and female A. variegatum. They support the concept of 'mate guarding', in which males help their mates to engorge by controlling their host's immune response, and the possibility that ticks benefit from feeding together by exploiting molecular individuality.


The b-matching game is a cooperative game defined on a graph, which generalizes the matching game to allow each individual to have more than one partner. The game has several applications, such as the roommate assignment, the multi-item version of the seller-buyer assignment, and the international kidney exchange. In contrast to the matching game, the b-matching game is computationally hard, i.e., the core non-emptiness problem and the core membership problem are co-NP-hard. Therefore, we focus on the convexity of the game, which is a sufficient condition of the core non-emptiness, often more tractable than the core non-emptiness, and has several additional benefits. In this study, we give a necessary and sufficient condition of the convexity of the b-matching game, which yields an O(n log n + mα(n)) time algorithm to determine whether a given game is convex or not, where n and m are the number of vertices and edges, respectively, and α is the inverse-Ackermann function. Using our characterization, we also give a polynomial-time algorithm to compute the Shapley value of a convex b-matching game.


Abstract One of the most significant educational topics currently facing teachers and administrators is literacy education. Teaching children to read and write is fundamental to a student's success in school: School districts, administrators, and teachers are faced with a tough challenge when developing a literacy curriculum. What will their method of instruction be? The great debate among literacy scholars and professionals is whether to teach using a phonics approach, whole language, or balanced literacy. This paper will explore the concept and benefits of using a balanced approach in literacy education. Abstract One of the most significant educational topics currently facing teachers and administrators is literacy education. Teaching chilµren to read and write is fundamental to a student's success in school: School districts, administrators, and teachers are faced with a tough challenge when developing a literacy curriculum, what will their method of instruction be? The great debate among literacy scholars and professionals is weather to teach using a phonics approach, whole language, or balanced literacy. This paper will explore the concept and benefits of using a balanced approach in literacy education.


One goal of the ePOP/RRI experiment will be to image ionospheric density structures using transionospheric propagation. In 1978, propagation from a transmitter at Ottawa to the ISIS sounder receivers was investigated at 9.3 MHz. Characteristics of transionospheric propagation were identified in the resulting data. Pulses propagating equatorward occasionally exhibited periodic fades with periodicities around 1 Hz. Twoand three-dimensional raytracing has been applied to investigate the features of the observed waves. Fading in a single mode (O or X) is attributed to interference between focused rays. Where O and X mode pulses overlap, Faraday effect explains the observed fade frequencies. TEXT The enhanced Polar Outflow Probe (e-POP) is a scientific payload to be launched in late 2007 into an elliptical polar orbit with 80° inclination, 325-km perigee and 1500-km apogee. An overview of the radio-science experiments with e-POP is presented elsewhere at this meeting [1]. One of the scientific objectives of e-POP is to quantify meso-scale plasma processes in the high-latitude ionosphere, through the study of the effects of plasma structures on radio propagation. The suite of eight scientific instruments in the e-POP payload includes a Radio Receiver Instrument (RRI). This receiver will measure the HF electric fields of waves from ground transmitters such as ionosondes, HF radars and ionospheric heaters. One goal will be to image ionospheric density structures with this transionospheric propagation tool. In 1978, an experiment on transionospheric propagation was carried out at 9.3 MHz using a transmitter on the ground at Ottawa and the sounder receivers of the ISIS-I and ISIS-II spacecraft. A survey of the resulting data has allowed the identification of some reproducible characteristics of transionospheric propagation[2], and has thus helped to prepare the e-POP/RRI mission. A simple square-wave amplitude modulation of the 9.3-MHz carrier was used with a frequency of 180 Hz. Pulses received on waves propagating equatorward from the transmitter were comparatively sharp and occasionally exhibited periodic fades with beat frequencies between about 1 and 4 Hz. Magnetoionic dispersion partially resolved the Oand X-mode pulses through the differences in their group delays. Periodic fades were observed both in the O-only and X-only parts of received pulses (self fades), and in the middle part of the pulses where the O and X parts overlapped (Faraday fades). Periodic self fades are better explained by focusing of rays than by diffraction. Twoand three-dimensional tracings of transionospheric rays have been used to investigate some of the observed features of the waves received on ISIS. For equatorward rays, propagation directions at the spacecraft come to within about 10° of the axis of the magnetic field B. Circular polarization is then expected, providing the necessary condition for a linear total electric field at the spacecraft and hence Faraday fades. F-region structure aligned along B focuses or defocuses equatorward rays, and helps to explain the observation that self fades are confined mostly to the equatorward parts of ISIS passes.


This article explores the potential benefits of developing partnerships with victims in managing threats to
their personal safety via smart police use of electronic monitoring technologies. The central premise for this position is
that traditional surveillance responses that seek to manage offending behaviour have limited effectiveness and do not
create a sense of security for victims. Using a pilot project currently underway in Buenos Aires, we extrapolate the
potential implications of a victim-focused strategy for the policing role and the effectiveness of responses to high-risk
repeat offences. The pilot project seeks to enhance victims' sense of their own safety, reduce the risk of repeat violence
and develop indirect benefits for police legitimacy. Utilized in this way, there is significant potential for electronic
monitoring to facilitate smarter policing and demand reduction.


For mechanical precision predicting,mechanism of deviation sourcing and propagation for rigid part assembly is discussed.Considering dimension and geometric precision,and part situation precision,the deviation source that affects assembly precision or accuracy is clustered into three types: deviation of geometric location and orientation,variation of geometric form and deviation of part location and orientation.Unified statistical model with deviation evaluation for these three kinds of deviation source are built,and plus-minus influence factor of deviation source referring to functional requirement is calculated.In addition,mechanism of deviation propagation between two mating surfaces or key characteristics is discussed.Three deviation propagating types are proposed and intermittent and continuous propagation model according to mating status are particularly built.Based on the directed graph representation for deviation,the directed graph for deviation propagation between two mating surfaces or key characteristics are built,and directed graph modeling for whole assembly is discussed.Finally,an example with deviation sourcing and propagation is introduced to verify the effectiveness of each model.


The UNFPA is the largest source of financial assistance for family planning for the sub-Saharan countries of Africa. UNFPA classifies 32 of these 45 countries as priority nations. They have the highest fertility, 6.3 compared to 4.1 for the developing world as a whole, and highest infant and maternal mortality rates, 112/1000 live births and 150-1000/100,000 live births. Some causes of these poor health statistics are malnutrition, lack of sanitation and drinking water, absence of health care during pregnancy, uncontrolled fertility, illegal abortion and low education. Governments that recognize these problems often give only half-hearted or ineffective support to maternal and child health programs. The 2 objectives of UNFPA in sub-Saharan Africa are to inform and encourage governments to develop population policies, and to strengthen their capacity to undertake and manage population programs and to integrate them into development policy. The 4 major goals are to intensify public information, education and communication programs, to encourage integration of population into development planning, to support birth spacing and family planning programs, and to improve the status of women. UNFPA will support development of statistical systems, operational research, personnel training, management and coordination of multi-bilateral assistance and general program support. The agency will also assist collaboration with other UN agencies, monitoring the strategy at national level and functioning of the field offices.


Since 2000 the use of the GPS navigation increases considerably. The reason for that was the deactivation of the selective availability in May 2000. However, these receivers do not register the observables, they just estimate and store them and that prevents the post-processing data. Based in this aspect some softwares were developed and are available for free. They allow recording the GPS observables, pseudorange and carrier phase. These programs are able to read in binary files and record information concerning the GPS observables and to convert binary format to a RINEX format. This study presents the GPS Garmin 12 XL evaluation using free programs. Two experiments were carried out in Presidente Prudente-SP region using the relative static survey. The processing was carried out with intervals of 30, 15, 10 and 5 minutes. The results were compared with the coordinates from a geodetic receiver and show that 98.9 % of the points, the values in relation to the planimetric accuracy were better than 0.50 m. The only baseline which the value was larger or equal to 0.50 m is the point M0001 (baseline lesser than 2 km) referred to the first experiment. In terms of precision the values did not exceeded 0.30 m.


TiNxOy films were deposited by activated reactive evaporation (ARE) on copper to produce a tandem solar absorber with a low emittance of 0.042 at 153 degree(s)C. The influence of oxygen and nitrogen partial pressures and the plasma current in the ARE-process were investigated. The optical selectivity of the absorber is determined mainly by the thickness and oxygen content of the coating. Increasing the oxygen partial pressure leads to higher oxygen content, lower emittance, and dielectric-like properties, i.e., small imaginary parts of the refractive index and small dispersion. Other preparation parameters are shown to have minor importance on the selective properties. The effective cut-off wavelength of the transition from high short wavelength absorptance to low long wavelength emittance can be shifted between 0.5 and 2 micrometers by changing either the thickness from 17 to 110 nm or the nitrogen to oxygen pressure ratio in the reactive gas from 1 to 200. The slope of the transition is affected by the pressure ratio.


Human hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) frequently show loss of heterozygosity at loci on the short arm of chromosome 8. To define a region on 8p commonly deleted in HCC, we used 20 restriction fragment length polymorphism markers to carry out detailed deletion mapping in 142 HCC. Of the 124 informative cases, 56 (45%) showed allelic losses in tumors. While more than half of them had lost alleles at every locus on the short arm, others lost them partially or interstitially. Common deletion of an 8‐cM region flanked by cMSR‐32 and cC18‐245, at 8p21.3‐p22, suggested the presence of a tumor suppressor gene(s) in this interval. Correlation between allelic losses on 8p and clinicopathological parameters were examined in the 51 cases for which detailed clinical data were available; allelic losses on 8p were observed in none of five tumors at stage T1 (0%), nine of 20 tumors at stage T2 (45%), and 17 of 26 tumors at stage T3/T4 (65%). A higher frequency of allelic losses on 8p was observed in poorly differentiated tumors (10/14, 71%) than in well differentiated tumors (3/13, 23%). The association of allelic losses on 8p with advanced clinical stage and poor differentiation implies that loss or inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene(s) on 8p may play a role in the progression of HCC. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


ABSTRACT SecB, a protein export-specific chaperone, enhances the export of a subset of proteins across cytoplasmic membranes of Escherichia coli. Previous studies showed that the synthesis of SecB is repressed by the presence of glucose in the medium. The derepression of SecB requires the products of both the cya andcrp genes, indicating that secB expression is under the control of catabolic repression. In this study, twosecB-specific promoters were identified. In addition, 5′ transcription initiation sites from these two promoters were determined by means of secB-lacZ fusions and primer extension. The distal P1 promoter appeared to be independent of carbon sources, whereas the proximal P2 promoter was shown to be subject to control by the cyclic AMP (cAMP) receptor protein (CRP)-cAMP complexes. Gel-mobility shift studies showed that this regulation results from direct interaction between the secB P2 promoter region and the CRP-cAMP complex. Moreover, the CRP binding site on thesecB gene was determined by DNase I footprinting and further substantiated by mutational analysis. The identifiedsecB CRP binding region is centered at the −61.5 region of the secB gene and differed from the putative binding sites predicted by computer analysis.


Lund Recommendation is the programmatic document enacted by European Community for minorities' effective participation in public life. The system of China's Regional National Autonomy is very similar to the one raised by the Lund Recommendation (the Recommendation). Compared to the Recommendation, the system of China's Regional National Autonomy attaches importance to autonomy power of ethnic minorities, bases on minorities' relationship and political characteristics in China, pays attention to substantive rights in the minority areas and their fulfillment, lays particular emphasis on addressing the relations between central and minority areas. The Recommendation attaches importance to minorities' effective participation in public life, bases on international standards, pays more attention to procedural arrangement, lays stress on fulfillment of all people' human rights as well as democratic and legal environment for protecting minority rights. Comprehending Lund Recommendation is significant for perfecting and developing the theory of China's Regional National Autonomy.


This study is aimed at investigating the effect of brand image, product
quality, and consumer loyalty to the purchasing decision of Mie Sedaap brand
noodle instant. Independent variables in this study are brand image, product
quality, and consumer loyalty, while the dependent variable in this study is
purchasing decision.
The research was conducted at Muhammadiyah University of
Purwokerto. Data collection method in this research is survey method by using
questionnaires. The sample that comprises 100 respondents is selected by using
sampling accidental technique. The analysis used in this research are test
reliability, validity test, classical assumption test, multiple regression analysis,
and hypothesis test of t test, F test, the coefficient of determination test(R2).
Some conclusions can be drawn from the research. Partial test results
show that brand image and customer loyalty have positive and significant effect.
On the other hand, product quality does not have positive and significant effect.
The results of simultaneously test show that brand image, product quality, and
consumer loyalty variables simultaneously influence the purchasing decision. Test
result using the coefficient of determination (R2) shows that 17.9% of the
purchasing decision can be explained from the three independent variables,
namely brand image, product quality, and consumer loyalty. While the remaining
of 82.1% is explained by other causes outside the model (beyond this study).


Authority and Estrangement addresses a set of questions about self-knowledge and seeks to answer them in the context of the broader differences between the first-person and third-person perspectives on oneself. Attention to these broader differences takes the discussion from epistemology to moral psychology, and seeks to relate some of the issues of contemporary philosophy of mind to the concerns with self-consciousness in post-Kantian thought. One question is simply: why should there be any differences at all between how a person knows his own mind and how he may know the mind of another person? Two such differences in particular have attracted philosophical attention. First, a person can typically know what he believes or intends or wants "immediately", that is, without appeal either to behavioral evidence or observations of any kind. Secondly, this independence of evidence appears to contribute to, rather than detract from, the authority with which first-person reports are delivered and received. So the book seeks to provide a unified account of the immediacy of ordinary self-knowledge and the special authority of first-person reports of attitudes and states of mind. In particular I try to account for the special importance of the capacity for self-knowledge, both for rationality and for psychic health in general. As the book progresses, this becomes a question concerning what importance there could be of the specifically first-personal access to one's beliefs and other attitudes, given that this is not the only way of learning such facts about oneself. If knowledge of one's own attitudes matters to rationality in various ways, why should it matter what particular form this access takes (i.e., the form associated with immediacy and first-person authority)? Chapter Two connects the special features of the first-person position with respect to knowledge or awareness of one's state of mind to a related difference made by the first-person characterization or description of one's state of mind. Philosophers have sometimes claimed that the person's own charac-


The bit rate required to compress the same content in different HDTV scanning formats to the same level of picture quality is calculated from simulation results. It is shown that the 1080p50 format does not require higher bit rates than the conventional 1080p25 format.


To study the performance of the catalyst(salen)Co-GaCl3 and find a new way for chiral salbutamol synthesis, acetic acid-2-acetoxymethyl-4-oxiranyl-phenyl ester was split by using(salen) Co-GaCl3 as catalyst, wich was a key step for getting chiral R-salbutamol. The experiment showed that using(salen) Co-GaCl3 as catalyst, isopropyl alcohol as solvent, water as nucleophile could get high optical purity product(97.36% ee). The catalyst preparation is cheap, and the splitting process is simple, low cost, which can open up a new idea for the synthesis of chiral salbutamol with a potential value.


In his book Illustrations of "An Analytical Dictionary of Characters", Wang Yun clarified the stylistic rules and lay out of organization with explanations of An Analytical Dictionary of Characters. At the same time, he also tried to find out the origin and development of Chinese characters, the relationship between Chinese characters and the language, the nature of Chinese characters, etc., and analysed the structural style and the evolutionary laws of Chinese characters. These are the foundation of the science of Chinese characters. So we can say, among the four great masters who studied An Analytical Dictionary of Characters, Wang Yun made the greatest contributions to the theoretical construction to the science of Chinese characters.


According to the space truss theory, the bearing capacity of thick piles cap is decided by strength of the tensile rod and the strut, but the contribution of distribution reinforced bars that were widely set in piles cap for resisting temperature or shrinkage stress was considered by few researchers. The partial compression tests of three groups of 13 cylindrical specimens with reinforcement struts were carried out, and results showed that: Diagonal reinforcement can significantly improve the bearing capacity of strut, and the ultimate loads increase with the increase of H/D0, diagonal reinforcement ratio, and reinforcement angle α.. Those diagonal steel bars did not reach their yield stress when the specimens under ultimate loads. The trend curves of ultimate load with ρv, α, D/D0 and H/D0 were obtained through the non-linear finite element analysis of reinforced concrete struts. On base of testing results and mechanism analysis, a mechanism model was put forward and the bearing capacity formula of concrete strut with oblique reinforcement was presented.


The distribution of molluscan assemblages across and along a vertical rocky cliff near Otranto (southern Adriatic Sea, Italy) was studied. Sampling was undertaken in May and November 2000 at three sites approximately 100 m apart. Three depths (5, 15, 25 m) were sampled at each site, by scraping off three replicate 20×20 cm quadrats. Samples yielded 6722 specimens, referred to as 133 species. Multivariate analyses showed that the structure of the assemblages significantly differed among depths with a clear gradient of distribution from shallow to deep stands. However, a considerable variation in the structure of the assemblage was also observed among sites at each of the three depths. The species contributing most to characterize depths and/or differentiating sites at each level of the shore were identified. Some potential causes of the observed differences are discussed.


Abstract Studies of fluted surfaces beyond the margins of glaciers in Spitsbergen, Iceland, Norway and the Alps show that almost all emanate from rigid obstructions, commonly boulders in till. Field relations of flutes are described and it is shown that a relationship exists between flute height and the height of the initiating obstruction. Subglacial observations indicate that flutes form when till is intruded into tunnels which tend to open up in the lee of obstacles. The pattern of strain implied by this process is shown to be reflected by micro- and macrofabrics in the till. The commonly found occurrence of an average spacing between flutes does not arise because of some rhythmic or periodic mechanism in the glacier, but is produced by the random seeding of boulders which themselves generate flutes. It is suggested that the term flute be used as a genetic rather than a descriptive term, and be restricted to long parallel-sided ridges which reflect accurately the direction of ice movement and which form when deformable subglacial materials are intruded into tunnels which tend to open up on the lee sides of single rigid obstructions on the glacier bed.


Background An orbital implant is used after enucleation or evisceration surgery to replace the volume lost and to aid in prosthesis fitting and movement. Different materials have been used through the years. The authors noted that with bone-derived hydroxyapatite orbital implants, some patients lose their orbital volume. Methods The operating theatre record was searched to find patients who had their hydroxyapatite orbital implant removed at Dunedin Hospital, New Zealand, between 2011 and 2015. The original implant size and size at removal were noted. Histological results were noted. Medical notes were reviewed. Results A total of six patients had hydroxyapatite orbital implants removed during this time. Four patients had implants that were smaller than their original sizes. All specimens had fibrovascular infiltration noted, three had chronic inflammatory cells and one had osteoclastic activity. Conclusions Bone-derived hydroxyapatite orbital implants can reduce in size, and this may occur due to osteoclastic activity. The surgeon must consider this scenario when choosing the type of implant to be used after enucleation or evisceration.


In the present paper analytical solutions of the problem of unsteady rapidly decelerated flow in long cylindrical pipe are constructed. The solution is obtained for the case where the fluid flux after deceleration is an arbitrary function of time. The knowledge of the velocity distribution of the transient flow in a pipe or a pipeline is important for the design of water supply systems since it allows one to analyze possible problems associated with rapid changes of the flow structure in a short time interval. The method can be generalized for the case of unsteady flow in a plane channel or in an annulus. Recommendations for the solution strategy in these cases are given. Key-Words: unsteady flows, analytical solution, Laplace transform


The Hipparcos astrometric parameters were obtained through the merging of abscissae data obtained by FAST and NDAC Consortia. Using a different weighting scheme, close but different astrometric solutions may be obtained. The resulting influence on acceleration (G) and stochastic (X) solutions is discussed; these solutions are studied from the point of view of the possible signature of astrometric binaries.


National legal personality is a matter of domestic law while international legal personality is an immemorial but significant subject of international law. It is generally accepted that an international organization with legal personality can represent its members, and achieve its aims more efficiently than those without having legal personality. There are a few theories about the way of acquisition of international legal personality. These main theories about international legal personality such as, subjective, presumptive and objective legal personality theories should be born in mind to better understand the legal status of international organizations. Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is one of the leading international organizations functioning in petroleum sector with 13 oil rich member countries. The international legal personality of OPEC has been a long discussed yet still contradictive subject in international law. Therefore international legal personality of OPEC was chosen as the subheading, and it is defined according to the legal personality theories to better understand the power and legal status of OPEC which takes vital decisions for the world oil market. It is also presumed that the juridical personality of an entity should indicate legal personality of this entity, OPEC is also examined by its status before courts.


OUR ele&ion to the Prefidency of the firft literary. and fcientific Society in the world, to a chair fo< long and fo glorioufly occupied by the great newton;: joined to the friendfhip you have been pleafed to honour me with fince my being firft known to you: has encou raged me to fend you fomething of my compofition, as the beft way of expreffing my fincere refpecft and attach ment to you, and my profound veneration for the illuftrious Body which has chofen you for its head. Though. various circumftances, by carrying me very early into fo reign countries, have made me from my youth almoft Read June 24, 1779*


A novel synthetic route for the preparation of a phosphorylcholine terminated thiol is presented. The new molecule was characterized by FTIR and NMR and was used to prepare one- and two-component monolayers rich in phosphorylcholine. The new surfaces had an intermediate hydrophilicity based on their sessile contact angles, but dynamic contact angle measurements showed that the surfaces became completely wettable when in contact with water. Ellipsometric measurements revealed that the molecules extended toward the monolayer−air interface similar to well-studied monolayers prepared from methyl- or hydroxyl-terminated thiols. Angle-resolved XPS survey measurements verified that phosphorus, nitrogen, and oxygen were situated closer to the monolayer−air interface, a conclusion also supported by angle-resolved C 1s measurements. Grazing-angle FTIR data indicated a less ordered structure for all the PC-containing monolayers than that of a methyl-terminated SAM. Fibrinogen adsorption and neutrophil adhesion on th...


Sex disparity in both cancer incidence and response to therapeutics, especially immunotherapy, has become an important area of research in recent years. Brain tumors show obvious sex biases in incidence and therapy response. Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor, and similar to other brain tumors, males have consistently higher incidence across all subgroups and at all ages. Moreover, for patients >3 years of age, females have significantly better outcomes than males. However, molecular drivers of such sex disparity in incidence and prognosis remain unclear.Here, we report a male-biased function of an oncogene, YAP1, in MB formation and immune suppression. Integrated multi-platform genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and in vivo transcriptional target analyses show that YAP1 promotes cancer stem cell maintenance through concurrent transcriptional activation of stemness genes, such as Sox2, and repression of differentiation regulators such as NeuroD1 and Zic1/2. YAP1 expression in MB cells also inhibits anti-tumor immune cell infiltration by directly regulating Csf1, Igf1, and Igfbp3 transcription and modulating IL6-JAK-STAT3, TNFR1, TGFb, and CCL5 Pathways. Notably, we found that YAP1 genetic deletion results in disproportionately higher survival of males than females in a spontaneous mouse model of infantile SHH MB, despite equivocal expression levels in both sexes. Consistent with our findings in mouse models, YAP1 downstream genes stratify MB patient survival in males but not females. Finally, we show that a brain-penetrant YAP1 inhibitor, verteporfin, extends survival and enhances immune infiltrates in vivo, mimicking the effects of Yap1 genetic deletion. In summary, this study demonstrates that an oncogene function may be sex-biased and underscores the need to incorporate sex as a variable in cancer mechanisms, tumor immunology, and treatment response studies.
 Citation Format: Nourhan Abdelfattah, Sivaraman Natarajan, Jose Maldonado, Han Nhat Tran, Hannah Borland, Rachael McMinimy, Shu-Hsia Chen, Fernando Camargo, James Olson, Joshy George, Kyuson Yun. Sex-biased function of an oncogene, YAP1, regulates medulloblastoma stem cells and immune evasion [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 1708.


George W. Housner, C F Braun Professor of Engineering, Emeritus, died after a short illness on
November 10, 2008, just a few weeks before his 98th birthday. He was in the retirement home
in Pasadena where he had lived for several years. For all of us who knew George, this marked
the end of an era. Few people have guided and nurtured a field the way George led earthquake
engineering over a period of several decades. He had a profound effect on many people and will
long be remembered. His impact was so pervasive that he had earned the title of the 'Father of
Earthquake Engineering'. This article records some of my thoughts about this remarkable man.


Decisions on whether to use a particular medication for
a specific condition are based on several factors. In general,
the best evidence comes fromsuitably powered randomized
controlled trials and/or meta-analyses if there are multiple
trials. However, although these trials provide strong evidence
of efficacy, they are often criticized because of several
well-recognized limitations.


Fix a prime p and a density 0 [0,1], what can one say about those which assign minimal weight to three-term arithmetic progressions -- that is, the sum of f(a)f(a+x)f(a+2x) is minimal as we sum over all a and x -- subject to the density constraint that the expected value of f equals d? In the present paper we show three things about them: 1) Such f are nearly indicator functions; 2) They enjoy a certain ``local minimal'' property; and, 3) They are approximately indicator functions for certain sumsets A+B.


Aotearoa/New Zealand was first settled by the Māori people some 800–1000 years ago. Archaeomagnetism provides one of the few means of dating early sites of Māori occupation, particularly when radiocarbon dating is not feasible. This involves dating the thermoremanent magnetization imparted to the heat-retaining stones used in traditional Māori earth ovens, hāngī or umu, at the time of their last cooling. The direction of this magnetization is correlated with the reference curve of the changes in the geomagnetic field direction in New Zealand over the past 1000 years, NZPSV1k.2023. Here, we describe the application of archaeomagnetic dating to indigenous hāngī sampled at two sites in the North Island of New Zealand. The first, in the present-day city of Napier on the east coast, has been studied in detail and is shown to have been occupied, possibly intermittently, over 400–600 years, while the second, in present-day Waikanae on the west coast, is tentatively dated to ca. 1760 AD, just decades before the first European arrival in New Zealand.


This paper pursues to map the skills and competences required by a translator aiming to work in the subtitling industry. These subtitling studies are meant to be at the disposal of the students who have completed their university studies at the School of English Language of the Catholic University of Santiago de Guayaquil and desire to boost their practical skills in multimedia translation. This descriptive study contains a description of all the skills and competences required by subtitlers who wish to work competently in this field. This map of skills and competences will help translators tackle the common problems that arise during the subtitling process and it will also help them become familiar with the field so they can perform successfully. The gathering and proposal of the necessary skills and competences was done through questionnaires answered by professional translators and subtitlers. The School of English Language is expected to design an academic curriculum based on this map of skills and competences and offer specialization studies for translation students who wish to become subtitlers. This program will provide them will all the necessary knowledge and training to work in the subtitling field.


This paper researched the application of homological algebra with homology group and n-th homology group. And given the proofs of the properties of n-th cohomology group and n-th homology group.


In the process of the convergence of IN and VoIP, soft SSF must be implemented in IP network in order to provide intelligent services for their users. However, the interface between soft SSF and soft switch hasn't been defined as an international standard. So an idea is brought about the interface definition and a CORBA based distributed architeture of future IN concept is conceived. Finally, principle and simple implementation is described.


Abstract This article explores grief regarding British servicemen captured by the Germans during the First World War. It examines prisoner of war (POW) mortality and analyses how death in captivity was privately mourned and publically represented. This study reveals that fallen POWs were subsumed as part of the homogenized war dead, facilitating their conceptualization within a wartime narrative that valorized their sacrifice. However, for POWs who did not die (and for their families), cultural discourses about capture ascribed meanings which resulted in their fate being both lamented and being seen as lamentable. The post-war results were a silencing of POW experiences within the collective memory and history of the war: dead POWs were obscured, indistinct among the fallen; returning POWs largely chose to remain silent and, in any case, the post-war lionization of the battlefield dead denied them a language to vocalize and memorialize their distinct wartime experiences.


This paper deals with utility (or value) function for reference dependent models. A new characterization of S-shaped utility functions displaying loss aversion is put forward. Then it is used to analyze some standard forms commonly used in the literature. It is shown that, unless some parameters' restrictions are imposed, power and exponential S-shaped utilities can lead to prefer fair symmetric games to the status quo and do not display loss aversion. Finally two new examples of simple S-shaped utility functions exhibiting loss aversion are presented.


This review mainly focuses on polycystic ovarian disease, which is a condition defined by the presence of all or most of the following: tonically raised luteinising hormone secretion, an increased luteinising hormone/follicular stimulating hormone ration the presence of menstrual abnormality, anovulation, and raised androgen levels, (DeVane GW, Czekala NM, Judd HL, et al: Circulating gonadotrophins, estrogens, and androgens in polycystic ovarian disease. Am J Obstet Gynecol 121:496-500, 1975) low sex hormone binding globulin, a hyperoestrogenic state, and the ultrasound appearance of more than 10 cysts in the ovary of 2 to 8 mm in diameter with an increase in ovarian stroma. Laparoscopic treatment consists usually of electrocautery or laser vaporization. Ovulation rates of 70% to 90% and pregnancy rates of 40% to 70% are reported in women previously refractory to ovulation induction. This technique avoids the difficulties of protracted ovulation induction regimes, avoiding the high level of monitoring, cost, risk of hyperstimulation, risk of multiple pregnancy, and high miscarriage rate. Adhesions are noted in up to 86% of patients after surgery, but most can be broken down easily, and are not thought to compromise conception.


Magnetosomes are membrane-encapsulated nano magnetic crystals which are synthesized intracellularly by magnetotactic bacteria(MTB).Magnetosome formation is a complicated process involving the expression of many genes and the actions of many proteins/enzymes.This article expatiates on the process of magnetosome formation in detail,which consists of five steps,namely iron uptake,magnetosome membrane formation,iron transport into the magnetosomes,biomineralization and assembly of magnetosome chains.It mainly focuses on introducing genes/proteins isolated and identified from each step in recent years and analyzing their functions in magnetosome formation.These genes clustere within a large unstable genomic region called the magnetosome island(MAI),especially within the conserved mamAB region,which is known to be essential for magnetosome formation.This article also underlines the effects of environmental factors such as oxygen,iron sources and culture medium constituents on magnetosome formation.Although most of the candidate genes involved in magnetosome formation have likely been identified,elucidation of their individual functions by genetics and biochemical analysis will remain a challenge for the next few years.Further researches on and better understanding in magnetosome formation mechanism will lay a foundation on greatly potential application of magnetosome in biotechnology field.


The article presents the results of the approbation of the electronic textbook, which was created as a means of developing pre-service specialists' subject competence. The authors note that the e-textbook is an e-learning publication with a systematic presentation of learning content that corresponds to the educational program, includes digital objects of various formats and provides interaction. The advantages of electronic textbooks, features of development and use of Electrical Engineering electronic textbooks for vocational education were substantiated. The expediency of using an electronic book for the formation of pre-service specialists' subject competence in the electrical field of vocational training has been presented. The levels of formation of subject competence were determined, and the efficiency of using the e-learning tool, which increased the level of student's academic achievements, was proved. It was emphasized that the introduction of the developed Electrical Engineering electronic textbook gave grounds to state that the material offered in the book motivated the students to study and allowed them to solve learning problems successfully.


UV-visible spectrophotometric technique was used to study the interaction of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with co-solutes: phenol, benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, salicylic acid and acetyl salicylic acid in aqueous medium. Changes in the absorption spectra of the co-solutes were observed in the presence of PVP from 200 to 210 nm. The changes were attributed to interaction of PVP molecules with the co-solute molecules. As the concentration of the co-solute increased, a red shift in the bands was observed indicating an increase in interaction between PVP and the co-solute.


– The use of new information and communication technologies (ICTs) has revolutionized not only how we live, but also how we teach and learn, even more so during the pandemic, when universities had to adopt a 100% virtual methodology due to lockdowns. The aim of this study is to collate the evidence on the use of ICTs for remote education in Latin American universities during the Covid-19 pandemic, through the systematic review of leading articles indexed in journals such as Scopus, Pro Quest, Redalyc, and others, published between March 2020 and March 2022. The method includes the use of the PRISMA statement, and an explicit flowchart for the selection of articles on inclusion and exclusion criteria, using a keyword search algorithm. The results showed that 36% of the study reported the use of virtual environments such as institutional platforms or Google Classroom to develop synchronous and asynchronous classes, 27% rolled out innovative educational technological tools with proposals ranging from chatbots, teaching telepresence to mass assessment tools, and 18.5% shared their experiences in the use of open educational resources, such as gamification tools, and mobile devices, in particular WhatsApp and Telegram for communication. The country that reported the largest number of experiences was Mexico. One can therefore conclude that faced with the unexpected change in modality, and despite situations of uncertainty, limited technology and coverage combined with lack of training, Latin American universities demonstrated the ability to appropriate technological tools for their pedagogical practice during remote education. Considering these findings, we decided to reflect on the challenges posed by virtual education, in the context of a new normality, in a region where the connectivity gap is still a limitation.


The composition comprises a molluscicide active substance, a potato preparation and yeast. The potato preparation is obtained by cutting and drying peeled or unpeeled raw or cooked potatoes. A phosphoric acid ester of formula (I) is added to the composition. The composition has an additive and fine grained grain flour as a bonding agent. The phosphoric acid ester having formula (I). R : 1-10C alkyl group, PO 3H 2, CO 2H, OH, NH 2, CN, halogen, 1-8C alkylamine, 2-16C dialkylamine, 1-6 heteroatom selected from N, O, S, P, ammonium salts of alkali metal, ammonium salts of alkaline earth metal, iron salts of phosphonic acid ester, methiocarb or metaldehyde. An independent claim is also included for a method for producing the composition, which involves: (A) preparing a suspension by mixing phosphonic acid ester or salts of phosphonic acid ester with water, molluscicide active substance, additives such as preservatives and coloring materials; (B) adding yeast and fine grained grain flour as a bonding agent to the mixture; (C) kneading the mixture into a paste by adding water; (D) extruding the paste under pressure; and (E) drying the particles of the paste to form a bun shaped material, which is cooled at ambient temperature. [Image]


From the conception of social phycology and the aspect of socialization,this paper analyzes the character Chrismas' experiences in his childhood in Falkner's novel Light of Auguest.And finds that the character's unsociable personality and confusion of his identity are largely due to the failure of socialization at the time of his childhood.Losing for love,eliminating for trust and lacking for sense of ownership,these can destroy a person even more completed than racial discrimination.


Author's Summary (in English): The proposal in the immediate aftermath of the Fukushima disaster that European Union member states carry out 'stress tests' on their nuclear power plants seemed motivated by political opportunism. Nevertheless, useful results could emerge particularly if the process of peer review by other member states' nuclear safety regulatory bodies of the national results is carried out rigorously and if the exercise is seen as a first step to be followed up as more information emerges from the investigations at Fukushima. However, regulatory bodies will be reluctant to require significant modifications or closure of existing reactors because this will be seen as an admission of past failure. For the public, the damaging conclusion from Fukushima is that, as with previous major nuclear accidents, it involved a sequence of events designers did not believe was credible.


This study is mainly motivated to investigate the droplet/wall impingement process in the high-pressure and high-temperature environment. In order to evaluate the predictive capability of the droplet/wall impingement model developed in this study. computations are carried out for two diesel-like test conditions. Numerical results indicate that the present droplet/wall impingement model reasonably well predicts the basic features of the impinging spray dynamics.


A handbook issued by the Population Education Program in Manila focuses on methods and strategies in population education and training. Intended for trainers in population education the manual is designed to help trainers work more effectively with all types of population groups. Part I describes the development and application of training procedures as they are related to the social change model. Part II presents various training methods and strategies that will develop knowledge skills and attitudes of the trainers. Included in this part which is divided into 2 sections are self-assessment and role-playing exercises audiovisual presentation suggestions case studies puzzle and riddle use interactive modeling coaching feedback supervision and evaluation procedures. Part III offers tips to trainers that will further enhance trainer effectiveness and satisfaction. 3 appendices include a model of experiential learning a rating scale to assess training skills and a professional development self-assessment worksheet.


The author studies the influence of the "Shia factor" on the relations between Iran and the Gulf Arab countries. In most countries of the Persian Gulf, there are Shia communities that constitute a significant part of the population. After the Islamic revolution of 1979 relations between Iran and most Arab countries have become particularly tense. In the 1980s, the Gulf monarchies also became wary of exporting the Islamic revolution in their countries. This was due to the fact that, being inspired by the success of the co-religionists in Iran, the Arab Shiites became more involved in politics. It should be noted that the way the Arab Gulf countries treat the Shiites in the region is influenced by the fact that Iran and the Arab Gulf countries compete for political and economic predominance in the region. Often the Shia Muslims are discriminated by the authorities of the Arab countries, and are regarded as the so-called "fifth column" of Iran. In the author's opinion, the policy of oppression of the Shia Muslims in the Persian Gulf monarchies not only worsens the political situation in these countries, but also complicates relations with neighboring Iran. This policy is not constructive. Moreover, the mythical "Iranian threat" does not go to any comparison with the threat posed by the Islamic State. According to the author, although after the execution of the Shia cleric Sheikh Nimr al-Nimr in Saudi Arabia at the beginning of 2016 Iran's relations with Arab countries became even more strained, the further escalation of the conflict is not in the interests of Iran. Especially now, at the initial stage of removing sanctions against Iran's nuclear program, the military operations against the Shiites in the Arab countries may slow down the process. As for Saudi Arabia, in the event of the outbreak of hostilities Riyadh may seriously damage relations with the United States. This is because Washington sees no benefits in involving Saudi Arabia, its biggest ally in the region, into another armed conflict in the region.


A discussion of a technical note with the aforementioned title by D. Hossain, published in this journal (Volume 121, Number 11, November 1995), is presented. The author's method for leakage reduction by using vegetable oil as a fluid replacing water in the triaxial chamber is the focus of the discussion. Discusser Ghaly comments on the remote possibility that oil leaks into the membrane where the specimen is encased. As water and oil viscosities vary considerbly, the pattern of flow motion on the inside wall of the membrane could be altered. Ghaly also reports that the coefficient of permeability of oil-contaminated soil sample could be appreciably different from that of a "pure" specimen. No closure is offered by the author.


Previous studies have suggested that interocean interactions can improve our understanding of climate's impacts on extreme weather events. The present study investigates how the interaction between the tropical eastern Pacific and Atlantic Oceans impacts extreme weather events over Tanzania. Results illustrate that the proposed Trans‐Atlantic‐Pacific Ocean Dipole index (TAPODI) is significantly correlated with the short rains over Tanzania. The wavelet coherence analysis showed that the variability of the short rains was influenced principally by the TAPODI on the interannual (1–5 years) scale. The association between TAPODI and short rains is in‐phase, with the phase of TAPODI lags that of the short rains by 90°. The positive phase of the TAPODI is associated with the advection of moist air from the Congo basin that favours ascent motion and leads to above‐normal rainfall over Tanzania. The negative phase of the TAPODI is related to sinking motions, accompanied by divergent winds at low level that block winds from the Congo basin and the western Indian Ocean, hence leads to below‐normal rainfall over Tanzania. Therefore, the study revealed the interactions between the tropical Pacific and Atlantic Ocean, which will improve the climate predictability and prediction of the short rains over Tanzania.


This research paper deals with the interaction of non-Newtonian fluid dynamics and turbulence in paper making flows. Applications are involved with highly non-Newtonian wood fiber and paper pulp suspensions in laminar and turbulent flows. The flow is characterized by using the continuum approach. The goal of the study is to examine the possibilities of using nonNewtonian fluid models for simulation of these flows.


Transmission network control and protection can be enhanced using phasor data. In a first step multifunctional line protection with system protection function set and back up protection function set can be created. The Matlab model was developed using the experience from the operation of existing wide area system and expended with new function sets. The paper presents multifunctional protection system and different types of disturbance scenarios with which the model was evaluated and from which the conclusion were drawn. Obtained indices as a result of simulation process can be useful for further development and definition of criteria for the implementation of wide area protection algorithm.


This report provides information and analysis on the origins of the doubling effort; selected acts of Congress, other events, and reports; authorizations and appropriations; the effects of the doubling effort on the funding level and character of federal research funding for the physical sciences and engineering disciplines; and related policy issues.


In view of the demonstration by Janeicke et al. that different Iris varieties produce enantiomeric irones [6], we complement our 1971 paper on the stereochemistry of the irones [3]. (1) We give what information we have on the origin of the Iris oil used in [3]; (2) we sow that we and Ruzicka et al. on whose degradation work our determination of the C(2)-configurations was based hd the same irones in hand; (3) we summarize independent assignments of the C(2)-configurations and the relative configurations of the α-irones. (4) We also describe the indentification of a trace of the missing trans-γ-irone in our oil, and (5) revise the preferred conformation of the cis-α-irones in solution.


Surgical indications of Focal Nodular Hyperplasia (FNH) remain exceptional except in cases of diagnostic uncertainty, symptomatic lesion or increase of tumour volume. We describe the case of FNH compressing the Inferior Vena Cava (IVC).


In this paper, the influences of sintering conditions on the phase transformation, microstructure, bulk density, bending strength, coefficient of thermal expansion, and dielectric properties of Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramic were investigated. Conventional melt-quenching method was used to synthesize this glass-ceramic. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometer and differential thermal analysis were employed to study this material. The XRD data show that Li2OAl2O37.5SiO2 is the main crystalline phase of this glass-ceramic. ZrO2 and CaMgSi2O6 are the two other phases in this glass-ceramic. The increasing sintering temperature and soaking time affect the phase composition obviously, which lead to the obvious variations of microstructure, mechanical, dielectric and thermal properties of this glass-ceramic. Sintering temperature and time play a key role in the sintering of Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramic. The sample sintered at 800 °C for 30 min showed good microstructure, low sintering temperature of 800 °C, high density of ~2.6 g/cm3, excellent dielectric properties (εr: ~6.9, tan δ: ~2*10-3), good bending strength of 143 MPa and adjustable CTE from 1.1 to 2.7 *10-6 K-1 close that of silicon. These results mean that the obtained LAS glass-ceramic can be used in the application of LTCC substrate, especially, the manufacture of the substrate of silicon.


A smart city consists of several components such as governance, mobility, economy and energy that play a key role in transition towards a sustainable urban life, integrating critical infrastructure and various stakeholders. Smart cities are a logical extension of the smart grid concept and realization of smart cities are tightly connected to the process of modernization of traditional power systems. This paper provides an analysis on the strong link between the two concepts, focusing on grid integration of renewable energy resources, energy storage systems, electric vehicles and smart lighting concepts in sustainable smart cities.


This paper investigates the relative rigid body motion (positions and rotations) control problem with visual information. Firstly the model of the relative rigid body motion and the nonlinear observer are considered in order to derive the visual feedback system. Secondly stability and L2-gain performance analysis are discussed based on passivity. Finally we present simulation results to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed visual feedback control design.


The economic performances of four trawling fleets (those of the Sicilian cities of Trapani, Sciacca, Licata and Porto Palo di Capo Passero) operating in the coastal waters along the southern coast of Sicily (geographical Subarea 16), and potentially affected by the establishment of the Fisheries Restricted Areas (FRAs), were analysed. The main economic performance results (revenues, costs and profits) of 37 trawlers were calculated prior to the implementation of FRAs and compared with those estimated by the spatial bio-economic model SMART after the FRAs' establishment. Results showed that the fleets of Sciacca and Licata, located in the central part of the southern Sicilian coast, had a short-term reduction of profits as a result of the implementation of the FRAs; conversely, a short-term increase in the economic performances of Trapani and Porto Palo di Capo Passero fleets was expected. Although the FRAs represent a good tool for rebuilding overexploited stocks, the different socio-economic impacts of the single fleets should be assessed before adopting them and the implementation of specific compensative measures should be planned for the impacted fleet until a more productive state of the stock is reached.


Sterictiphora Billberg (Hymenoptera: Argidae: Sterictiphorinae) in South Korea is reviewed. Sterictiphora koreana Lee J‐W & Wei sp. nov. and S. rugosa Lee J‐W & Wei sp. nov. are described and illustrated. The redescriptions of S. notensis Togashi, and S. tanoi Togashi, are provided. The female of S. tanoi is first reported. A key to the species and descriptions of Sterictiphora from South Korea are provided.


Objective To explore the possibility of stable co-transfection of PcDNA 3.0/h TH and PcDNA 3.1/h GDNF in SH-SY5Y cells and set up a kind of engineered cells that can secrete human TH and GDNF at the same time. Methods PcDNA 3.0/h Th and PcDNA 3.1/h GDNF were constructed using gene clone technique and recombined UNA technique. With the help of lipofectamine,SH-SY5Y cells were transfected with PcDNA 3.0/h TH and PcDNA 3.1/h GDNF and human TH and GDNF cDNA engineered cells could be obtained by RT-PCR and Immunocytochemisty. Rusults The engineered cells showed high effect and stable expression of both TH and GDNF at the same time.They can prevent DA neuron from undergoing degeneration and death induced by MPP+. Conclusion The present study first set up the engineered SH-SY5Y cells based on the strategy of combining prevention with therapy. They maybe play an important role in gene therapy of PD.


Characteristics of planar barrier radio frequency (RF) discharge in different modes at atmospheric pressure of Ar have been studied experimentally and theoretically. Experimental data, as well as results of numeric simulation, have shown a presence of transient mode of the discharge glow, which is due to coexistence of low-current α and high-current γ discharge modes with occurrence of a transition between the modes during each half cycle of RF voltage supplied to the discharge.


Object Detection For each proposal box, a 200-dimensional semantic embedding vector is obtained by multiplying the 151-d object distribution and the (151·200) embedding matrix. The 4-d annotation of the box position is forwarded into a batch normalization layer and a linear layer with ReLU activation to obtain the 128-dimensional position embedding vector. These two vectors are concatenated with the feature vector resulting from compressing the 512 · 7 · 7 feature maps to size 4096. The concatenated vectors of the proposal boxes are compressed by a linear layer to size 1024, then organized as sequence with random order and forwarded into the O-ODE which uses a single layer bidirectional LSTM as the approximate function in the ODE solver. The output dimension of the O-ODE is the same as the input dimension. Object classification scores are computed by a fully-connected layer.


Abstract Throughout the past decade, there has been a gradual increase in the advocacy of an earlier return to functional activities following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. This has been accomplished, in part, by the advent of accelerated rehabilitation programs, which allow resumption of pre-injury activities at 4–6 months postoperatively and is achieved by emphasizing early range of movement and encouraging early restoration of leg muscle strength. However, concern exists that such programs may compromise the outcome of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, due to the potentially deleterious affects on graft integrity and stability. This review article provides clinicians with a review of accelerated rehabilitation research, discussing the advantages and concerns regarding accelerated rehabilitation and identifies some limitations of current literature.


WE a.ro;il the threshold of a period of reconstr ction, a *ilne when all established things Will be pur to the question, which some people think will come to be looked baclk upon as a great -renaissance in the world's history while others are afiid it may be the beginning of the decline of Western civilization. Whether you are an optiziist or a pessimist, you will agree that we cannot win through to a new and better era without, a struggle into whicch we must put all the goodwill and intelligence of wlhich we are capable., What applies to us generally as citizens applies to us in particular as members of a great profession. It is for us to consider anxiously and soberly what can and ought to be done to make our profession more useful to tlhe community and at the same time to make our calling more interesting and more inspirinto those now or in fuLture to be aengagedin it. .,g ged ..


Nomadic or transhumant pastoralists in the Ennedi Highlands in north eastern Chad have always had to cope with scarce resources. When the region was first made use of by pastoralists circa 3000 BC, aridification had already started. Despite progressing aridification, the landscape was used for herding cattle and goats, and later also for keeping horses and cam- els in the following millennia. Hundreds of rock art sites are witness to this appropriation. While demographic data are still missing, it appears that comparatively intense dwelling ac- tivities inevitably put pressure on the scarce resources. In the art motifs from the last five mil - lennia a fine-grained regionalization is expressed, indicating that in rather small neighbouring spatial units different identities were manifested, notwithstanding the common economic base. Different rock art traditions articulate different appropriation of the landscape by mapping markers of identity onto the land. Rock art depicts an ambiguous portrait of the social relations among the groups within the area since there are indications of cooperation on the one hand, whereas on the other hand many pictures of mounted warriors and numerous "sentinel" figures point at the potential for conflict — yet without ever depicting it.


The first database of fentanyl derivatives with anti-terrorism activity was developed using VC + + and Access2007 in China.The building process and retrieval methods for the database were introduced.The data in the database and the meaning of building the database of fentanyl derivatives with anti-terrorism activity were described.The database has a function of quick adding,search and export of related information and lays the foundation for compounds having anti-terrorism activity related research work.


In this work, we present the phase-change kinetics of Bi–Fe–(N) layers for write-once optical recording. In situ reflectivity measurement indicated that the phase-change temperature (Tx) of the Bi–Fe–(N) layers is strongly related to the heating rate. The Tx's were about 170 °C at low heating rates and approached the melting point of the Bi phase (i.e., 271.4 °C) at high rate of heating provided by laser heating. For a 100-nm-thick Bi–Fe–(N) layer, Kissinger's analysis showed that the activation energy of phase transition (Ea) = 1.24 eV, while the analysis of isothermal phase transition in terms of the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami (JMA) theory showed that the average Avrami exponent (m) = 2.2 and the appropriate activation energy (ΔH) = 5.15 eV. With the aid of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, a two-dimensional phase transition behavior in the Bi–Fe–(N) layers initiated by the melting of the Bi-rich phase was confirmed. For optical disk samples with optimized disk structure and write strategy, the signal properties far exceeding the write-once disk test specifications were achieved. Satisfactory signal properties indicated that the Bi–Fe–(N) system is a promising alternative for high-speed write-once recording in the Blu-ray era.


Objective
To study the preliminary pathogenesis of dawn phenomenon in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods
Two-hundred and sixty-four patients with type 2 diabetes had performed continuous glucose monitoring since Jan 2012 to July 2014. They were divided into two groups: patients without dawn phenomenon and patients with dawn phenomenon. Biochemical indicators including liver and kidney function, blood lipids, HbA1C, fructosamine(FMN), adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol were detected in the two groups. Oral glucose tolerance test, insulin releasing test and glucagon releasing test were performed. The differences in biochemical indicators, glucose level and α-cell and β-cell function after fasting and glucose-load were compared. The correlation and regression analysis were performed between dawn phenomenon and other indicators.

Results
The level of adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, HbA1C, FMN, the increment of fasting glucose and nocturnal nadir glucose(BG1), the glucose increment before and after breakfast(BG2), 24-hour mean glucose, duration above high limit, and HOMA-IR were significantly higher in patients with dawn phenomenon compared to those in patients without dawn phenomenon[(6.6±2.4)vs(4.8±1.9)pmol/L, (523.8±84.2)vs(448.2±76.9)nmol/L, (8.1±2.0)% vs (7.5±1.8)%, (0.32±0.09)vs(0.29±0.08)mmol/L, (26.2±5.8)vs(18.0±4.9)mg/dl, (39.6±8.3)vs(28.8±7.4)mg/dl, (188.5±36.2)vs(164.5±31.2)mg/dl, 29∶31(41%)vs 20∶10(28%), 4.18±0.94 vs 3.82±0.82](all P<0.05). ISI and AUCG/AUCI were lower in patients with dawn phenomenon than those in patients without dawn phenomenon(-4.28±0.62 vs -4.04±0.54, -0.74±0.48 vs -0.63±0.30)(all P<0.05). The level of glucagon at each time point and area under curve of glucagon were significantly higher in patients with dawn phenomenon than those in patients without. 0, 60, 180 min glucagon/insulin ratio and 0, 30, 120, 180 min glucagon/glucose ratio were significantly higher in patients with dawn phenomenon(all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that dawn phenomenon was positively related to HOMA-IR, glucagon/insulin ratio, BG2, BG1and cortisol(all P<0.05), and negatively related to ISI(P<0.05).

Conclusion
Dawn phenomenon may be associated with increased secretion of cortisol and dysfunction of islet α-cell and β-cell. (Chin J Endocrinol Metab, 2015, 31: 492-496)

Key words:
Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Dawn phenomenon; Cortisol; Islet α-cell; Islet β-cell


Extremely premature infants underwent clinical laboratory examinations to predict growth retardation at 38—40 conceptual weeks. A study group comprised 84 very low and extremely low birthweight premature infants; a control group consisted of 20 apparently mature babies. The informative signs that can predict growth retardation at 38-40 postconceptual weeks are shown to be the presence (absence) of decompensated maternal fetoplacental insufficiency during the current pregnancy, grade III maternal-placental blood circulatory disorders, the presence (absence) of maternal endocrine diseases, the level of lactate and partial pressure of oxygen at 50% saturation in the blood of a premature infant who was one month old.


The objective of this paper is to present the concept and some examples on decentralization in health care. In the Decentralization Act BE 2542, the local governments are assigned the role to handle many social services. This is seen by the authors as the opportunity to achieve universal access 10 health insurance in the era of decentralization. The data presented in this paper focus on the distribution of health resources and the outcomes of inequitable distribution. This paper provides specific options for decentralization of health care, in terms of financial and nonfinancial resources, to the local governments with the ultimate objective that the people themselves will get the benefits from the processes.


This paper describes a computer-based video annotation environment with a variety of uses for learning and teaching. The VideoTraces system allows users to capture and annotate digital video, thus representing their ideas in a unique way. The system is based on research about the embodied nature of human knowledge and collaborative learning. In this paper, we report on two pilot uses of the system in very different settings (a science museum and a university dance course). We describe a range of ways in which people represent their ideas with VideoTraces, and argue that the system may be a general tool to support collaborative learning.


The method for determination of the hydraulic boundary condition is given for predicting the variation of water regime after the local variation of water system in plain river network regions, and the methods for calculation of the variations of water regime and water quality are also presented. The methods are applied to the water quality analysis for Suzhou City, and some conclusions are drawn: the variation of water system consequentially induces the local variation of flow patterns, and further affects the convection and diffusion of pollutants; the greater the variation of water system in the local water area, the wider the range covered by the simulated boundary.


adjuvant but toxic therapies for primary melanoma has highlighted the need to stratify patients based on improved prognostic and predictive biomarkers. We report a six-class transcriptomic signature generated from primary melanomas which predicted prognosis, notably in 45 stage I disease. The signature demonstrated comparable prognostic value to that of sentinel node 46 biopsy. When the six classes were applied to published transcriptomic datasets from patients treated 47 with immunotherapy, one class consistently predicted poor outcome. This class was characterised by 48 expression of JUN and AXL , both known determinants of poor therapeutic response in advanced 49 melanoma. These findings suggest that the six-class signature should be applied to larger datasets as 50 they become available, in order to further validate its clinical relevance as a prognostic/predictive 51 biomarker in the adjuvant setting.


It is known that squaring the circle (the problem consisting in construction of a square with the same area as a given circle), together with duplication of cube and angle trisection, is one of the most famous unsolv able problems of constructive geometry for construction with compass and straightedge. The solution of squaring the circle problem is reduced to the straightening of the circle, that is, to the construction of a segment equal in length to the circle, and its insolvability is connected with the pi character transcendence. In this paper, the limiting case of one of Christian Huygens theorems, which establishes an estimate for length of circumference of a circle through perimeters of regular polygons inscribed in circle and circumscribed about it, is proved. On this basis has been proposed and justified an approximate method for squaring the circle problem solving, which allows consistently construct arbitrarily exact solutions of the problem. We will approximate an arc of a circle whose radius is a multiple of the given circle's radius, with the help of a segment which is parallel to a shrinking it chord, and then will increase or decrease this segment in the required number of times, so that the resulting segment's length would be approximately equal to half of the given circle's circumference. The approximation accuracy will be the higher the smaller arc of the circle we will consider. But possibilities of real tools are limited, and not suitable for both too small and too large drawing scales. In order to cope with this problem, an algorithm for scaled approximation has been proposed, in which it is sufficient to increase (or reduce) the drawing fragment, so that all the time sta y within the sheet of the same size. Perhaps this approach will be useful for other constructions, including the exact ones, where it is necessary to come to very large or vice versa very small drawings' dimensions.


THE American Federation of Labor indorsed consumers' cooperation as far back as 1917, but until very recently there has been little practical interest shown by either movement in the other since about that time. The character of the American cooperative movement has been predominantly rural. The early failure of promotion of co6peratives by organized labor when the Noble Knights of Labor disintegrated in the eighties, and the failure of most of the co8peratives set