A method schema is a simple programming formalism for object-oriented databases with features such as classes, methods, inheritance, name overloading, and late binding. An important problem is to check whether a given method schema can lead to an inconsistency in some interpretation. This consistency question is shown to be undecidable in general. Decidability is obtained for monadic and/or recursion-free method schemas. In particular, consistency of monadic method schemas is shown to be decidable in O(nc 3) time, where n is the size of the method deenitions and c is the size of the class hierarchy; also, it is logspace-complete in PTIME, even for monadic, recursion-free schemas. Method signature covariance is shown to simplify the computational complexity of key decidable cases. For example: one coded method in the context of base methods with covariant signatures can be tested for consistency in O(n+c) time for the monadic case (without covariance this problem is in O(nc 2) time) and in PTIME for the xed arity polyadic case (without covariance this problem is NP-complete). Incremental consistency checking of method schemas is a formalization of the database schema evolution problem, for which a sound, but necessarily incomplete, heuristic is proposed.


Many countries in Asia have been researching for linking and activation of Asia transverse railway and we are trying to link Trans-Korean railway and Transcontinental railway. However we are confronted with a difficult question that the railway system of each country is different from each other-gauge, track formation and signal system. These problems will obstruct prior occupation of market because of loss of time and cost for trans vehicles and transshipment. In this paper, we tried to setting up development direction of Korean variable gauge vehicles by examine international development direction of variable gauge vehicles.


A new, nondestructive anodic bonding test has been designed. One main factor involved in the anodic bonding process is the level of electrostatic pressure applied. We have designed, fabricated, and tested new test structures to control the eiectrostatic pressure. The information on the level of electrostatic pressure during the anodic bonding process tells us about the quality of the bond. With this test it is possible to characterize the anodic bonding method and the quality of the processed bonded wafers.


The power supply apparatus for obtaining a direct current from an alternating voltage source includes a first DC/DC converter for outputting a first direct current and a second DC/DC converter for a second direct current lower than the first direct current from the first DC/DC converter, and the output voltage of the first DC/DC converter is changed to a lower direct current and the second DC/DC converter is driven in a continuously-conducting state.


The 30‐day hospital readmission rate in cirrhotic patients has been demonstrated to be up to 40% in international studies, but is not well studied in Australia. The aim of the current study was to report on the rate and cause of 30‐day hospital readmission from a single liver transplant referral centre, including a cost analysis of readmissions.


. Now, the large capacity synchronous condensers are needed in the State Grid. However, the research on its protection is rare. Based on its application in AC/DC converter stations, this paper summarizes the studies of the relay protection function and schema about large capacity synchronous condensers and transformer group, furthermore analyzes the main protection principle and setting principle of relay protection (differential protection, inter-turn protection, stator grounding protection, etc). At last an example of setting value of synchronous condenser and transformer group protection in converter station is given.


FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to cosmetic industry, in particular, to composition for oral care, efficient for reduction of bad breath. Method to produce composition for oral care, with preliminary identification of substances efficient to reduce bad breath related to tobacco smoke. Method to eliminate bad breath related to tobacco smoke including introduction of composition for oral care, containing cardamom oil or cranberry extract. Agent efficient to reduce concentration of pyridine or pyrazine compound available in an individual oral cavity as a result of tobacco goods smoking, and elimination of bad breath at the same time, representing cardamom oil or cranberry extract. EFFECT: composition efficiently reduces bad breath related to tobacco smoke. 23 cl, 14 dwg, 15 tbl, 7 ex


We replace the group of group-like elements of the quantized enveloping algebra Uq(g) of a finite dimensional semisimple Lie algebra g by some regular monoid and get the weak Hopf algebra w q (g). It is a new subclass of weak Hopf algebras but not Hopf algebras. Then we devote to constructing a basis of w q (g) and determine the group of weak Hopf algebra automorphisms of w q (g) when q is not a root of unity.


This technical note describes a newly integrated and easy-to-use peptide mapping workflow for the analysis of standard monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) as well as complex therapeutic proteins using the new Biologics Explorer software from SCIEX. The software provides a streamlined workflow for the analysis of both collision induced dissociation (CID) and electron activated dissociation (EAD) data, and it includes Genedata algorithms for data processing, reviewing and final reporting.


The article analyses the origins of such a small architectural form as the Chinese pavilion, investigates its functional, planning and artistic figurative features. The evolution of functional and artistic figurative solution of pavilions from dynasty to dynasty is determined. On the basis of the dimensions of the preserved pavilions, their proportional and metro-rhythmic features were determined; a list of the most characteristic forms of roofs as the main exponents of the national originality of the Chinese pavilions was compiled. The reasons for the revival of the tradition of "chinoiserie" style in modern landscape design are argued.


The Schwinger–Dyson equations in the ladder approximation for 2-D induced gravity coupled to fermions on a flat background are obtained in conformal gauge. A numerical study of these equations shows the possibility of chiral symmetry breaking in this theory.


For the moduli stacks of α-stable curves introduced in [AFSv15], we prove nefness of natural log canonical divisors generalizing a well-known result of Cornalba and Harris for the moduli stack of Deligne-Mumford stable curves. We then deduce the projectivity of the good moduli spaces of α-stable curves and identify these moduli spaces with the log canonical models of Mg,n appearing in the Hassett-Keel program.


1096a 18. eXeyofiev &, eXeyov vulg., edd. Perhaps Xkyonev, cf. 19 Xeyenu: Xeyofiev would be assimilated to the imperfects on either side of it, and eXeyofiev corrected to eXeyov. ' The great and indisputable merit of K is that it has so faithfully retained the errors and accidents of an older text' (Bywater, Contributions, p. 21). 1097a 17. Perhaps icdv Tals Xonral;. Apelt's omission of a comma after aTpaTTjyiKj} is not convincing. 1097b 12. yoveli can hardly stand for ' ancestors' after 10 yovevai ' parents.' At 1100a 26, 30, it means 'ancestors' including parents, but in every other passage in the Ethics indexed by Bywater it means ' parents.' Rassow's yovels <Vwi> yovewv^> is too asymmetrical unless we also add <Cjo>v T€KVCOV^> to diroyovovs. Better correct 70̂ 619 to irpoyovovi. For words replaced through mere error by other words occurring in the context see Richards, Aristotelica, p. 74. Here trpoyovov; may have been miscopied diroyovow; (the writer's eye catching the diroyovov; that follows), and this corrected to yovels. 1098b 4. Perhaps fierievai Br/. 1107b 27. opeyeaOai <Cjuicpa<;^> rtytij}?; or possibly better opeyeaOai ravrri<;, ousted by TI/M}?, a gloss. Cf. 1125b I, where, however, ical irepl ravTTjv must mean not ' small honours,' but ' in relation to honour in general (as in relation to money) there seems to be a minor as well as a major virtue.' Ramsauer would there replace tavTqv by Tifirjv, but the mistake this assumes is not so likely as the converse error at 1107b 27. Ib. 29. ravraii or Toiavrais opegecrt, seems required. 1108a 31 f. Transpose 17 yap—ical 0 alBtffMov to 1. 35 after 6 Be /xe<ro? alBrf/Mov. In 32 there should be a comma after eiraivelrai Be. 1112a 28 f. Transpose dXX' ovBe— fiovKeverai to 1. 33 after dvOpdmov. 1114a 31. el Be TK Xeyoi, OTI introduces a reported objection, which ends at b 12 ev<j>vta, where there should be a comma (as Apelt) or colon. Aristotle's reply begins with el Brj ravr' io-Tiv aK7,eij. In 10 Koi TO (TO S' LM) should be simply TO (Vermehren, Susemihl, Richards); and in 11 TO before «a\<S? should be omitted as in the quotation of the passage by Alexander of Aphrodisias (Susemihl). 1115a 23. <p06vov; Burner's <povov is surely right, and the passage he quotes against it from E.E. does not seem parallel. 1115b 11 f. This passage seems to be usually taken to mean that the brave man will fear even TO, KCLT' avOpmirov <f>o/3epd (xal rH roiavTa, which are contrasted with TO virep avOptatrov; this is rravrl <f>of3epbv TO5 ye vovv e^ovri), but nevertheless will endure them when it is right to do so. But this is to attribute to the dvBpeiof a sort of moral struggle resembling iy/cpdreia in the sphere of <rw<f>poo-vv7). For Aristotle dvBpeia consists not in conquering fear, but in feeling and not feeling it rightly. Throughout the context <poftel<T0ai is the opposite of virofieveiv, and means almost ' to flinch from' (as in Homer ' t o be put to flight'). The dvBpeios (pofteirai some <̂>oySepa and vTrofievei others. Susemihl rightly saw that fofirjaeTai requires the qualification a><? Bel Be, and secured this by inserting re between virofievel and rov. It occurs to me that one might avoid the need for this by putting a comma or colon after c»5 Bel Be, which will then qualify <f>o/3r]o-eTai, alone, leaving the same qualification to be expressed with virofievel by the alternative phrase &>? o X0709, which is then paraphrased, or strictly speaking modified, by TOW KO\OV eve/ca. However the words be exactly taken, TOO KaXov eveica goes in sense with virofievel only, because <f>o/3el<r0ai, however right and proper on occasion, could hardly be felt to be icakov


The idea of patriotism at all times occupied a special place not only in the spiritual life of society, but also in all major spheres of activities, in ideology, politics, culture, economy, ecology, and so on, the Content and focus of patriotism defined primarily spiritual and moral climate of the society, its historical roots, feeding the public life of generations. In the socio-philosophical context of spiritual and moral traditions of the Cossacks has been shaped over the centuries the Orthodox way of life and is manifested in love for God and neighbor, diligence, respect for parents and elders, the humane treatment of people, patriotism and service to the Fatherland, the reasonableness of vital installations, the possibility of self-sacrifice. Basic components of the traditional culture of the Cossacks are positive from the point of view of interests of the Russian statehood. Therefore, the process of exposure to this culture in its domination of representatives of ethnic and social out-groups (with respect to the Cossacks) is of great importance.


an extent sufficient to push out its frontiers of enquiry beyond the classical fields of poverty and social deprivation.2 The growth of the welfare state and, in particular, the foundation and development of the National Health Service provide the social scientist, interested in levels of health and patterns of treatment, with an extensive and growing field for study. In recent years also it has become less difficult to obtain grants for projects by research teams comprising the skills of social, medical and dental science; the Nuffield Provincial Hospitals Trust is currently supporting some eighty research projects in the medical and, now, also the dental field (Nuffield Provincial Hospitals Trust 1961). The social services as we know them to-day were fashioned substantially in the years following the Second World War, although they evolved from foundations going back over most of this century. For perhaps as long as ten years after the war the social and economic situation in this country continued to be dominated by shortages, particularly of goods but also of services, and on the whole the consumer and user did not trouble to ask critically how satisfied he was; it was, in economic terms, a seller's market. So far as the National Health Service was concerned, the


The theoretical basis of behavioral complexity theory is reviewed. A selection of recent research data are considered under topics of interest to behavioral science and related disciplines.


Peridurography is a X-ray diagnostic technique for the lumbar disc lesion. The special studies were performed in 150 cases (Conservative treatment 100 cases, operative treatment 50 cases.) and discussed on the pain responses.Coincidence between pain response and patient's daily complaint was investigated in every level of lumbar disc lesion.Intervertebral disc in L5-S revealed the highest rate of it, and especially radiating pain coincided with the patient's daily complaints.Therefore, the pain response is seemed to be a very important factor in the final diagnosis of lumbar disc lesions.


By constructing a series of prologues on preconditions of making across cultural and industrial traditions, Sarah Chaplin describes the embedded condition of uncertainty that lies within the very human act of making. 'Makeshift' recognises the impermanent and the imperfect, the ritualistic and the indeterminate. From a question of meaning, this text argues that in Japanese culture at least, 'things are never fully designed, but are always in a state of being designed'. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This study presents a method to calculate the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) using propagation delay difference of two-frequency signal of Quasi-Zenith Satellite.


The legal framework of water regulation can assume different characteristics according to each country's reality. The preservation and conservation of water and ecosystems depend on rules configuration in the Constitution and legal prescriptions. This manuscript presents the Brazilian legal framework and water regulation. The analysis confirms that in the Brazilian system water is regulated as environmental resource and environmental good. From a descriptive methodology, the article explains how the Brazilian legal system works. The article also remarks on the regulation of multiple uses of water, approaching the legal regulation among industrial, agricultural, and human consumption of water. The aim of the paper is to explain normative regulation of water in Brazil, including the court's activities in cases of discharges of sewage directly into the rivers.


Chemisorption of hydrogen atoms at four distinct sites on two different 13 atom beryllium clusters are investigated using ab initio electronic structure theory. Single configuration self consistent~field (SCF) calculations were performed using an optimized minimum basis set of contracted gaussian functions. Several properties of beryllium metal have been calculated for these clusters and for 12 smaller clusters for which chemisorption was previously investigated. The ionization potential, the dissot:iation energy per atom and the singlet-triplet separation are correlated with the hydrogen adsorption on these surface models. Electronic structure considerations are discussed using MUlliken populations.


This paper deals with one phase of a general study of the microbiological deterioration of rubber and similar insulations. In the earlier papers 2 types of microbial attack were shown: 1) direct eating of natural rubber insulation, 2) production of micropores thru walls of both natural and synthetic rubber insulation, or neoprene jackets.


The term ''incubation pulses'' is applied to the pulses of ultraviolet laser radiation which are directed initially at a polymer surface and which etch less depth per pulse than subsequent pulses which remove identical depths of material at each pulse. This incubation effect which is particularly strong when the polymer absorbs moderately at the laser wavelength has been studied in polymethyl methacrylate at 193 and 248 nm. The transformation of the surface during incubation pulses has been followed by 1) photographing the blast wave that is produced by the products that emerge from the surface, using a fast (<1 ns) dye laser that is electronically triggered to light the ablation plume after a set delay, and 2) by treating the exposed surface with a solvent to dissolve out any photolyzed material that is left in the exposed area. The results show that ablation, as shown by the ejection of the products at high velocity, occurs even during the incubation period but the surface is not etched at all or only p...


Prostaglandins, synthesized by cyclooxygenase (COX), regulate diverse neurophysiological actions such as regulation of autonomic responses, transmission of pain, generation of fever, control of sleep‐wake cycle, synaptic signaling, and cross‐talk between neurons and glia in the central nervous system. Although prostaglandins have been widely studied in the anterior segment tissues of the eye, relatively little is known about prostaglandins in the neural retina. By using immunohistochemistry, we have compared the cellular expression and localization of COX‐1 and COX‐2 in the normal mouse, rat, and human retina. In the normal mouse retina, COX‐1 immunoreactivity is present in the outer segments of photoreceptor cells, horizontal cells, microglia, retinal ganglion cells, and displaced amacrine cells. In the normal rat retina, COX‐1 immunoreactivity is present in microglia, retinal ganglion cells, and displaced amacrine cells. In the normal human retina, COX‐1 immunoreactivity is present in microglia, astrocytes, retinal ganglion cells, and displaced amacrine cells. In the normal mouse and rat retina, COX‐2 immunoreactivity is present in processes of the outer plexiform layer and in certain amacrine cells and retinal ganglion cells. In the normal human retina, COX‐2 immunoreactivity is only present in processes of the outer plexiform layer. These results suggest that prostaglandins, synthesized by COX‐1 or COX‐2, may contribute to normal physiological and homeostatic functions in the retina. J. Comp. Neurol. 452:392–399, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Jessica L. Seidelman MD, MPH12, Becky Smith MD12, Brittain Wood BSN, RN, CRCST, CIC2, Linda Adcock RN, BSN, CIC2, Barry Shelton2, Kirk Huslage RN, BSN, MS2, Art Baker MD12, Ibukunoluwa C. Akinboyo MD23, Deverick J. Anderson MD, MPH12, Daniel J. Sexton MD12 and Sarah S. Lewis MD, MPH12 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 2Duke Center for Antimicrobial Stewardship and Infection Prevention, Durham, North Carolina and 3Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina


Objective To evaluate the effects of simulated family nursing on the cognitive function and activity of daily living in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Methods Sixty-eight patients with Alzheimer's disease were assigned to routine nursing condition and simulated family nursing condition. The patients were assessed with Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) and Activity of Daily Living Scale(ADL) before intervention,and 3 months and 6 months after intervention. Results Compared with the control group,the patients' cognitive function(t=2.31,P=0.026) and activity of daily living(t=2.59,P=0.012) were improved significantly in the experimental group. Conclusion The simulated family nursing can improve the cognitive function and activity of daily living in patients with Alzheimer's disease.


After President Richard M. Nixon resigned his office under threat of impeachment, Congress seized his White House papers for the continuing Watergate trials and investigations. With some justification, Nixon vigorously argued that the records were his private property, and thus began an extraordinary legal campaign to reclaim them. Nixon's protracted legal fight has not only caused the overturning of the historical tradition of private ownership of presidential records but has generated an important legacy of constitutional law concerning the presidential prerogatives of the separation of powers and executive privilege. Although Nixon lost his case for ownership before the Supreme Court, he has since managed to block the National Archives and Records Administration from releasing the majority of his White House records. Nixon's continuing and highly effective lawsuits against the National Archives raises the question of who really controls the White House materials of the Nixon presidency.


Patient interface device includes a cushion assembly having a nose cushion member, and a frame assembly having a frame member having a first arm and a second arm. Cushion assembly cushion assembly for rotation relative to the frame assembly about an axis extending through the first and second arms are rotatably coupled to the first and second arms. Furthermore, the frame assembly has a drive mechanism which is held received by the frame member, the drive mechanism, as actuation of the drive mechanism changes the tilt angle of the cushion assembly relative to the frame assembly, operably coupled to the cushion assembly It is.


The high incidence of stereotypic behaviors in zoo bears (van Keulen-Kromhout: International Zoo Yearbook 18:177–186, 1978) suggests that the environment of these animals lacks essential stimuli for guiding normal behavior. Three experiments investigated ways in which bear husbandry procedures can be altered to promote normal behavior. In experiments 1 and 2, honey-filled logs were given to a sloth (Melursus ursinus), American black (Ursus americanus), and brown bear (Ursus arctos) to determine 1) the role of food in stimulating investigatory behavior, 2) the rate of habituation to manipulable objects introduced into the exhibit, and 3) effects on locomotory behaviors. Results show specific and general habituation to the introduced objects that can be counteracted by refilling the logs with honey and by providing multiple logs in the exhibit. Investigatory activity directed toward honey-logs replaces pacing and walking in the sloth bear and is most effective in doing so when the log is novel. Experiment 3 examined the behavioral effects of feeding an American black bear in three different ways: 1) once daily in the den, 2) once daily with supplemental food from a mechanical feeder, and 3) once daily with food hidden in the exhibit in manipulatable objects. The latter method reduced stereotypic pacing from a median of 150 min/day to 20 min/day; the mechanical feeder method had no such effect. The results of a survey of 67 zoos concerning the diet and manner of feeding these three species of bears, as well as Asian black bears (Ursus thibetanus) are presented. Results are discussed with respect to the ways in which husbandry procedures can be improved to stimulate functional foraging and feeding behavior in confined bears.


Objective: Congenital muscular torticollis, characterized by unilateral shortening of the ternocleidomastoid muscle that results in the head tilting towards the affected side, is the third most common musculoskeletal anomaly. Subjective assessment using the Lee scoring system has been the most common method for evaluating the surgical outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of a novel assessment tool for scoring of functional outcomes after surgical release in congenital muscular torticollis. Methods : This study enrolled the patients aged 5-15 years who were diagnosed with congenital muscular torticollis and treated by surgical release at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand during 1998-2011. An image processing program was used to measure all evaluated parameters. Craniofacial asymmetry, neck rotation deficits, neck flexion/extension deficits, and degree of head-tilting were graded as poor, fair, good, or excellent by 2 observers. The results of the Lee scoring system and the new scoring system were then compared. Results: Nineteen patients (7 males, 12 females) with a mean age of 7.2±2.57 years were included. Photographs of the patients were evaluated and categorized by outcome score using both outcome scoring systems. All intraclass correlation coefficients were higher than 0.6 for both scoring systems, which suggests good inter-operator reliability (p<0.05). Percentage agreement was higher in the new system than in the Lee system (63.16% vs. 52.63%, respectively). Conclusion: The new outcome scoring system which focuses on functional outcomes after surgical release was found to be less subjective and more reliable than the Lee scoring system.


Introduction This study incorporates climate change and urban development scenarios into regional water demand projections. A disaggregated water demand model is coupled with an advanced urban simulation model (UrbanSim) to generate demands at detailed spatial resolution. The difference between including changes in variables such as density, income, and other demographic indicators is evaluated. The region in which this study takes place is the Puget Sound Region of the United States, which is located in the Pacific Northwest (Figure 1). This area has a population of over 4.2 million people and includes the cities and suburbs of Seattle, Tacoma, Everett, and Bellevue, Washington. The Puget Sound Region has experienced rapid growth during the past decade, with a 10% change in population from 2000 to 2008 (357,000 additional residents). This rate of growth is slower but similar to that which occurred in the 1990's when 525,000 residents were added to the region (a twenty percent increase in population). In 2000, two-thirds of the population resided within incorporated areas, in 1990 that ratio was 50/50. The growth from 2000-2008 continues the migration to incorporated areas, with growth concentrated primarily in existing dense urban areas but some new growth in the urban fringe. Seattle's center has experienced the development of condominiums creating residential space along with increasing redevelopment of single-family lots into multiple townhome style single-family homes. The development along the urban fringe has increased the density of housing, but large lots and residences are still the norm. Population within the region is projected to continue to increase, with an additional 1.7 million residents from 2000 to 2040 (roughly a million households). Most population increases are in the one and two resident households, suggesting large increases in multifamily populations and townhomes. This estimate agrees with the current trends of growth in the major urban areas (Seattle, Tacoma, Bellevue, and Everett) and is an important factor in future urban growth patterns. The climate is considered Mediterranean, in that the majority of precipitation falls during winter months, and the summers are unusually dry. The vast majority of the drinking water for this region is supplied by surface water. The lack of over-year storage capacities in the reservoirs results in a delicate balancing act between meeting summer water demands and maintaining environmental flows for ESA listed species. Accurately projecting water demands ensures that this balance is maintained and future water supply projects come online as needed.


It's a common saying these days that "it's all about who you know." For jobs and other exciting opportunities, networking and building relationships is paramount. The IEEE and Women in Engineering strongly support networking among members and, similarly, the aptly-named Women in Engineering program at the University of Delaware (not officially affiliated with the IEEE) is working hard to do so as well.


The Norwegian author Alf Proysen made use of a number of different media technologies in the production and distribution of his literature for children. But more than that, in some of these stories he also reflected upon modern technology in general. This is the case in his collection of short stories for children, Da jeg var liten ( When I was a Child ) . Here Proysen emphasises how child protagonists perceive modern technology such as cars, airplanes, and tractors, in a rural setting in the 1920s, with both fascination and anxiety. Still, at the end of the story the protagonist, Alf, exceeds both of these responses when he reflects on the "real" meaning of technology, and comes to the conclusion that nature can create miracles and do things that modern technology cannot. The article discusses how Proysen's presentation of modern technologies in Da jeg var liten can be regarded as literary techno-critique, arguing that the protagonist's change of perception can be interpreted as a shift from what Martin Heidegger more in general has called "calculative thinking" to that of "meditative thinking". Keywords: Alf Proysen; techno-critique; children's literature; Martin Heidegger; technology


Central to the strategic vision of the University of Leeds is the reaffirmation of the University's commitment to provide an exceptional student experience centred on inspirational learning and teaching, grounded in world-class research. A key component of this vision is a major curriculum enhancement project. This chapter outlines the intent of this project, which reinforces existing provision that challenges undergraduate students to broaden their academic horizons and develop their capacity for critical thought. The chapter explores the project's implications for sustainability education and notes the mutually reinforcing effects of the Curriculum Enhancement Project and a range of other institutional initiatives, including the staff-student Education for Sustainable Development Network, and groups reviewing the university's own environmental impacts


Background: Recently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been suggested as a source for cell-based treatment of cartilage lesions based on the ability of these cells to differentiate into chondrocytes. Purpose: To characterize MSCs derived from the synovial fluid in ankle joints with osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT). Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Synovial fluid was collected from the ankle joints of 28 patients with OLT who underwent arthroscopic marrow stimulation between September 2011 and April 2012. Epitope profiles and multilineage differentiation were assessed to characterize the synovial fluid MSCs. To clarify the origin of synovial fluid MSCs, we assessed gene profiles of MSCs derived from various mesenchymal tissues by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. Results: Synovial fluid MSCs expressed CD90 and CD105, showed low expression of CD14 and CD34, and underwent multilineage differentiation in vitro. The RT-PCR revealed strong expression of CD90, CD44, and CD73, whereas CD45 and CD133 were not detected. The colony number of synovial fluid MSCs from OLT significantly increased in stages C and D, as defined by arthroscopic classification. Gene expression profiles indicated that synovial fluid MSCs derived from the patients with OLT were more similar to MSCs from synovium than to MSCs from bone marrow and adipose tissue. Conclusion: This study confirmed that human synovial fluid is a good source of MSCs, with the capacity to differentiate toward several cell lineages. Further study with matched controls of synovial fluid MSCs derived from ankle joints without OLT is required for a more accurate evaluation of synovial fluid MSCs. Clinical Relevance: The findings of this study provide a platform for exploring the potential role of synovial fluid MSCs in OLT and their therapeutic potential in novel joint regeneration strategies.


Introduction: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women globally and the leading cause of cancer death among women in developing countries. Objectives: The main objectives of this study were: to evaluate the clinico-pathological characteristics of patients with breast cancer at the San Rafael Regional Public Hospital, Mendoza; and, additionally, to determine the knowledge of an independent cohort of women regarding breast controls in the peripheral Health Centers of this city. Material and method: For the epidemiologic analysis of breast cancer in San Rafael, the Mendoza Provincial Tumor Registry was consulted. To study the clinico-pathological variables, a decryptive, cross-sectional type study was conducted on 51 consecutive patients with breast cancer diagnosis, during the period January 2014 to July 2016, in the Gynecology Service of the Hospital " . Teodoro Schestakow" of the City of San Rafael, Mendoza. To determine the level of knowledge regarding breast-river control, surveys were conducted in peripheral health centers in the neighborhoods of Pueblo Diamante, Constitution, El Molino, Villa Laredo and El Sosneado, San Rafael, with prior authorization from the Directorate of the Municipal Health Area. Results: Breast cancer in women corresponded to 33.9% of all cancers in the period 2008-2012, according to the Provincial Tumor Registry. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 53 years (range: 24-81 years). Advanced stages (III and IV) were diagnosed in 41.2% of patients. The 96.1% of patients presented breast symptomatology at the time of diagnosis, being breast tumor (on self-examination) the most frequent. Only 22% of women surveyed perform annual breast control; and only 7% of patients refer to having a breast examination performed at the medical consultation. Conclusion: Breast cancer diagnosis in San Rafael is performed mainly in symptomatic patients, which reflects deficiencies in early diagnosis, breast controls and information on the female population. This represents an opportunity to conduct population-targeted prevention campaigns, as well as education of health effectors from peripheral centres.


This article was prepared for the RSF project Nr. 16-18-10083 "The study of religion in social and
cultural context of the epoch: the history of religious and intellectual history of Russia in the first half of
XIX–XX centuries"


Based on flow models applied in former analyses, three dimensional numerical flow simulations were performed for a spherical reactor cell of a biological monitoring module with respect to different inflow configurations and respective mass flow rates. Time - dependent simulations were performed for the case of dyed water and clear water flowing through different inlets at varying mass flow rates into the spherical cavity of reactor cell and channel system which connects the relevant measuring ports of the monitoring module. Spectroscopic analyses of light absorption at a port have been carried out and the results compared with the local concentration distribution predicted for this port by means of FE - analyses (Finite Element) using the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) - program package of Fluent Inc.


The 2 μm Tm3 +-doped fiber laser has important applications in the medical care,laser radar,telemetry and optical parametric oscillation. In recent years,the output power of 2 μm TDF laser has achieved KWlevel. This paper introduces the basic structure and the working principles of the thulium-doped fiber laser,rreviews and analyzes the development of thulium-doped fiber laser,and finally envisions the future development of thuliumdoped fiber lasers.


SUMMARY The stored data from a recaptured juvenile albacore that had been implanted with an archival tag were analyzed to reveal its migratory movement, swimming depth and seawater temperature. The estimated track showed that after release in the vicinity of Japan in April 2002, the fish moved eastward, then reached the most eastern point at 157˚W in October, and finally returned to the vicinity of Japan again, where the fish was recaptured in February 2003. This was the first record of a north Pacific albacore that migrated from the western Pacific to the eastern Pacific then back to the western Pacific. It was also found that there was a clear difference in the swimming depth preference between seasons, as the albacore spent most of its time in the shallow water column (0-40 m) in summer, but in winter spent most of its time in depths ranging from 0 to 350 m. This transition of the swimming depth from April to is supported by the previous hypothesis of the swimming depth preference of juvenile albacore. RESUME


The livelihood of many households and communities in the Central Zagros of Iran is strongly dependent on income from forests. While this has led to the widespread over-utilization of forests, poverty levels have remained high and rural development low. The objective of this study was to understand how households utilize forests and to what extent forests contribute to household income and alleviate poverty in order to develop strategies to raise families out of poverty and offer development perspectives to communities that avoid destructive forest utilization. To do so, semi-structured interviews were conducted in five rural communities, community poverty was quantified using several indices (e.g., the Census Ratio Index, Poverty Gap Index), the level of rural development was quantified using socio-economic indicators, and an inferential model was developed that combines household dependence on forests with the level of rural development to provide development perspectives. Local households earned income from nine livelihood strategies that involve forests. Forest-dependent strategies provided the second highest economic share (18.1%) of household income, averaging IRR 27.7 million (USD 657) annually, and moved 12% of households above the poverty line (76% still remained below). Without forest income, most indices of poverty decreased, income inequality increased by 11%, and poverty depth increased 1.54-fold. The low development index of most villages indicates that rural villagers are heavily dependent on forests to meet their livelihood. Our conceptual model indicates that communities should pursue different development strategies that consider whether households depend on forests to meet their livelihood or derive more supplemental income.


WORLD ECONOMIC AFFAIRS ● SPRING/SUMMER 1997 HILE'S CONCERTACIÓN POR LA Democracia has been highly successful in achieving its central objectives. Under the leadership of President Patricio Aylwin, who assumed office in March 1990, and under President Eduardo Frei (the younger) since 1994, Chile has implemented a development strategy that is essentially "social democratic" in character. This strategy has emphasised distributional equity and economic growth, together with national reconciliation and democratic consolidation. Virtually all indicators of social and economic development point to significant success in the achievement of improved equity and human development as well as strong economic p e r f o r m a n c e . There is still a considerable distance to go, however. Popular dissatisfaction and impatience with the continuing inequities have helped to make improved equity a central concern of public policy. The development strategy of the Concertación in the 1990s is of special interest for Latin America and indeed for much of the world. Many countries adopted a market-oriented development strategy in the 1980s or early 1990s, often not too dissimilar from that of Chile in the 1974-89 period under the military regime of General Pinochet. Under the Aylwin government, however, Chile was one of the first countries to combine a strong market orientation with an equally strong focus on distributional equity and social justice. Its good results are of relevance to all countries which aspire to achieve sustained human development. Perhaps the Chilean approach might even be viewed as an archetypical development "model" worthy of examination by analysts of countries facing similar challenges.


Norbert Elias provides a very useful theoretical framework for understanding long-term
changes in childhood-adulthood relations at the societal level. Key processes central to this
theorization include: the increasing separation of the social worlds of children and adults; the
increasing distance between childhood and adulthood; the partial defunctionalisation of the
family; the civilizing of parents; changes in the "we-I balance" towards the "I"; and the
gradual conversion of social constraints into self-restraints. Yet variable trajectories are
under-developed in Elias' work: the differing nature of these interrelated social processes for
different "outsider" groups in society were not systematically addressed by him. However,
this paper argues that Elias's theories on childhood do provide us with a very useful
conceptual framework from which to understand these variable trajectories. It applies his
theories on childhood and individualization to Gypsy-Traveller/Roma groups in Europe. The
paper argues that the above processes differ markedly for many groups and, coupled with the
existence of a very strong group orientation and long-term stigmatisation, are central to
accounting for their relative lack of social integration. That is, differing processes of
childhood and family socialisation are crucial in explaining how Gypsy-Traveller/Roma
groups have maintained their own group identity and cultural continuity under intense
pressures to assimilation and conformity.


Microwave reflectometry is a non-intrusive plasma diagnostic tool which is widely applied in many fusion devices. In 2014, the microwave reflectometry on Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) had been upgraded to measure plasma density profile and fluctuation, which covered the frequency range of Q-band (32-56 GHz), V-band (47-76 GHz) and W-band (71-110 GHz). This paper presented a dedicated data acquisition and control system (DAQC) to meet the measurement requirements of high accuracy and temporal resolution. The DAQC consisted of two control modules, which integrated arbitrary waveform generation block (AWG) and trigger processing block (TP), and two data acquisition modules (DAQ) that was implemented base on the PXIe platform from National Instruments (NI). All the performance parameters had satisfied the requirements of reflectometry. The actual performance will be further examined in the experiments of EAST in 2014.


Along with the many students MMT-ITS coming from outside the city and take in college education S2 MMT-ITS, in the long-term future. Campus MMT-ITS will be constrained by the increasing number of students who are taking classes in MMT-ITS, and will give rise to a number of events - events that would arise, such as: Seminars, and others., to the campus MMT-ITS requires a guesthouse as a representative and support facilities that are able to facilitate the needs of guests who follow events in MMT-ITS and the campus as a place of transit, relax, unwind, and others. Design methods used include data collection is held directly or indirectly. Interviews and observations directly into the field to find out what is needed. While the literature study, literature books, and the internet media design to know interior design of guesthouse MMT-ITS. Is a way to get his supporting data, design standards, design and development of object references required. The data that have been obtained will be carried out by descriptive analysis. The result of this is interior design, how to design a guesthouse MMT-ITS by applying the concept of Eco-Friendly with a modern theme as a means or place of residence suitable and convenient for students and the general public.


The effect of piston bowl geometry on reducing soot emissions, improving combustion, and in-cylinder flow movements in a direct injection diesel engine was investigated. Standard combustion chamber (SCC) and newly modified combustion chamber (MCC) geometries were compared at the same compression ratio (17.5:1). Experimental analysis of diesel engines is expensive and time consuming, and therefore the Computational Fluid Dynamics program was used to analyze the combustion, flow and emission process. AVL Fire ESE Diesel software was used in the numerical study. The numerical work was compared with the experimental results, and it was validated. In addition, 10% biodiesel mixture (10% Sal seed oil methyl ester + 90% diesel fuel) and diesel fuel were used in the analysis. These fuels and two different bowl geometries were investigated at 2000 rpm and full load conditions. Thus, the effect of the used biodiesel fuel and the developed bowl geometry were investigated. Sal seed oil methyl ester was used as biodiesel fuel. The results show that higher turbulence velocity distribution, better mixture fraction values and lower soot formation distribution are obtained by directing the MCC type fuel according to SCC type. When the pressure, temperature and heat release in the combustion chamber are examined, the highest values were obtained with B10 blended fuel used at the SCC type combustion chamber. The maximum heat release rates are 8.72, 9.38, 8.21, and 9.30 J/° for SCCD100, SCCB10, MCCD100 and MCCB10 fuels, respectively.


To study climate impacts, data integration from heterogeneous sources is imperative for long-term monitoring in data sparse areas such as the High Mountain Ecosystems in the Rila Mountain, Bulgaria—difficult to both access and observe remotely due to frequent clouds. This task is especially challenging because discerning trends in vegetation location, condition and functioning requires observing over decades. To integrate the existing sparse data, we apply the Whole System framework adapted nationally in the Bulgarian Methodological Framework for Mapping and Assessment of ecosystem services. As the framework mainly relies on field data, we complement it with remote sensing vegetation indices (NDVI, NDWI and NDGI) for 42 years, together with Copernicus High Resolution Layer products and climate change reanalysis data for 40 years. We confirmed that the Whole System framework is extensible and semantically, ontologically and methodologically well suited for heterogeneous data fusion, co-analysis, reanalysis and joint interpretation. We found trends in ecosystem extent and functioning, in particular species composition, in line with climate change trends since around 1990 and exclusively attributable to climate change since 2015. Furthermore, we specified a data crosswalk between habitats and ecosystems at Level 3 (ecosystem subtype), and define new candidate indicators suitable for remotely monitoring climate change's effects on the ecosystems' extent and condition, as candidates for inclusion in the methodological framework.


to illustrate key points and research data. Perhaps the only criticism I could make here is that the chapters do not incorporate some of the more recent textbook innovations, such as learning objectives at the start of each chapter and discussion questions at the conclusion of each chapter. For the personnel/industrial relations practitioner, this book would also be of interest, particularly for those practitioners who believe that industrialorganizational psychology is simply 'all commonsense and feeling warm about others'. In particular, practitioners would find the rigorous empirical analysis of issues in the personnel selection and job and work environment sections of the text to be quite useful. For example, chapter 10 reviews the available research data on the personality and interest tests commonly used as personnel selection devices by many consultants and large companies in Australia. McCormick and Ilgen's conclusion that 'although personality and interest variables are related to job performance in some situations, the use of personality and interest tests is fraught with problems that might preclude such tests having any practical utility' may come as a surprise to some readers who have perhaps assumed that such tests were highly predictive of future job performance. In summary, I have no doubt that this eighth edition will be as successful as the previous editions of this text because it achieves what it sets out


Three faunal areas—northern (Three Kings Islands, Northland, Auckland, Coromandel Peninsula, and offshore islands), central (most of Nelson, north‐east Buller, Marlborough, Marlborough Sounds, Kaikoura, northern North Canterbury), and southern (Fiordland, southern Otago Lakes, southern Central Otago, southern Dunedin, Southland, Stewart Island) —are each characterised by the local endemicity of about 20% of the total targaremine species of New Zealand. They are separated by areas of no endemicity. Arbitrary subareas are delineated in the northern and southern areas. Species not endemic to a single faunal area have wider ranges covering more than one area. The targaremine faunal areas and subareas are compared with those recognised for other units of the New Zealand biota. Instances of allopatric and parapatric species are listed. All 30 targaremine species in New Zealand are endemic; the effects of Pleistocene cold climate on their distribution and speciation are discussed. Wing development is discussed i...


In order to increase the understanding on whatdetermines health among immigrants, ethnic minoritiesand indigenous people concepts as acculturation, identityand sense of coherence (SOC) have become ...


The present research paper is an attempt to analyse the level of development and potential of tourism in Junnar Tehsil in Pune District Maharashtra. It is the emerging branch in India. It helped for sustainable development in rural area. Tourism gives the opportunity to tourist to get aware with agricultural area, agricultural operations, local food and tradition of local area and to support economic development of farmers. The Junnar Tehsil in Pune district have many tourist destinations, but yet this Tehsil is not highlighted to large scale tourism practices . It is mainly because of the lack of facilities and low development of junnar. The present project report focuses on find out the potential area for tourism in Junnar Tehsil. The development status of tourism potential composite index is product of physiographic index. Tourism plays a key role in socio-economic progress through creation of jobs, enterprise, infrastructure development and revenue earnings. The Planning Commission has identified tourism as the second largest sector in the country in providing employment opportunities for lowskilled workers is the aim of the study. INTRODUCTION World tourism is considered as the significant factor in the economy of many nations. Today tourism related infrastructure in various parts of the country has also improved the quality of life of the local people and helped to promote local arts and crafts. Tourism is one of the fastest growing industries over world. Due to the growing economic significance of tourism, there is a spectacular increase in tourism worldwide and increase in earing of the local people. It also helps to increase job opportunities related to tourism sector. In the Sanskrit literature the three famous words "Aththi Devo Bhava" means "The guest is truly God" are a dictum of hospitality in India. The main elements of tourism which attract tourist to a particular destination fall under following categories: 1) Pleasant climate 2) Scenic attraction 3) Historical and cultural attraction 4) Accessibility 5) Shopping 6) Adventure 7) Variety of cuisines 8) Accommodation 9) Relaxation and recreation 10) Health – care projects. Therefore, it has been rightly said that the core concept of tourism revolves around for 4 As (a) Attraction (b) Accessibility (c) Amenities (d) Ancillary services. Junnar a land of geographical diversity, blessed with a long history of rich civilization and culture. It is a potential tourism paradise with the wide variety of attractions. Today tourism is a major source of the foreign exchange earnings and employment. Promoting tourism would bring many direct and indirect benefits to the people. . OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE  To understand the site context and tourism potential of the site  To undertake SWOT analysis of the tourism development on the site  To suggest the optimum product mix for the site based on the demand assessment  to derive broad area allocation of the activities on the site  To estimate approximate cost  To establish financial viability of the project  To undertake risk assessment and prepare risk allocation matrix  Create awareness for need of tourism  To identify possible sites  Development of a supportive infrastructure  To define a suitable framework for the of agrotourism centers in the view of marginal and small farmers.  To identify the problems of the agro-tourism and make suggestions to establishment and operations of agro-tourism PROBLEM STATEMENT 1. The site environment is the one it is difficult to make completely secure if site situated around a small village , town or around a forest ,we have some factors such as polictical and social on which controlling management has no control on them which inturn gives return effects. 2. Junnar is the place junnar is the place where in a few days holidays you can enjoy a lot, the problem is that we although having many sites there is no proper management and facilities. Tourist are enjoying but there is lack of relationship between tourist and government hence we are trying to build a relationship by this study. 3. Like a awareness between locals and government about tourism and its importants which can make adverse effects on development. 4. No specific provision has been made for a tourist supportive system which can make a easier to travel in junnar no specific website available for tourist regarding the places and there information SCOPE OF PROJECT WORK It is a important from viewpoint of local community i.e local people and government regarding study of tourism that if it is to be used as a dominant diversification option for sustaining the viability of the tourism sector and rural communities. The study is restricted and related to tourism business in junnar . © 2019 JETIR February 2019, Volume 6, Issue 2 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) JETIRAE06013 Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR) www.jetir.org 62 This research study highlights on related concepts of tourism , current business status of it, scope and obstacles in development of it in junnar .All the data collection and research findings are made in the year 2017-2018 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ADOPT FOR THE STUDY Defining scope of the work Study of aims and objectives Sectors of to study (Heritage,food, leisure etc) Formation and orientation of the team Formation of sample survey form Primary data collection ( about sites, infrastructure, conditions) Collaboration of primary and secondary data Analysis of surveyed data (tourist sites, infrastructure) Interpretation An Overview & Market Survey


In a preceding paper one of the authors has described a manipulator construction, intended to make possible eye surgery on a microscopic scale in man and to facilitate experimental work on animals. The aim of the following investigation is to provide necessary information on the function of the apparatus so that a convenient technique for its use may be established. Two aspects are stressed, firstly, the degree of trauma caused bv this approach as compared with that from operations performed in a more conventional way. The reaction of the operative trauma is most conveniently studied by interventions in the anterior chamber. However, the effects on the vitreous, the retina and the retinal vessels have also been observed. Secondly, the degree of accuracy of the method is estimated from the possibility of reaching different structures under goniomicroscopic or ophthalmoscopic control.


This paper presents a model for classifying ICD-10 TM using machine learning and information retrieval. The scope of this research take systematic approach for translating diagnosis from medical records to ICD-10 TM is proposed. First, an information retrieval is used to find similarity word in Thai and English diagnose. Then, machine learning approach is applied to classify ICD-10 TM by training models using Naïve Bayes algorithm. The result shows that our proposed approach can accurately classify ICD-10 TM in Thai-English diagnose at 81.41%.


This paper analyses the return of Andalusian emigrants from Northern European countries to their regions of origin. The aim is to discover the reasons that led to the original emigrations and those that, after several decades and when in or approaching old age, motivated the returns. The factors and relationships involved in migrants' decision-making are discussed at the family and social network levels, and interpreted through the notion of a 'life project'. This reveals that the decisions and plans to return were to an extent linked to the original emigration decision and grounded in individual and family behaviour. The material and socio-demographic contexts of the original emigration from rural Andalusia (economic hardship, high fertility and large families, and family households as units of production) facilitated selective emigration, with many of the emigrants having characteristics of social exclusion. At the destinations, the migrants developed a distinctive social structure, based on work and family relationships, which enabled integration and the forging of ties with the host society. When the emigrants reached the end of their working lives, many of the same personal and social factors reappeared and conditioned the decision-making process to return.


This paper investigates the intelligent moving and path-finding of groups in real-time strategy (RTS) games exemplified by the open source game Glest. We utilize the technique of flocking for achieving a smooth and natural movement of a group of units and expect grouping to decrease the amount of unit losses in RTS games. Furthermore, we present a setting in which flocking will improve the game progress. But we also demonstrate a situation where flocking fails. To prevent these annoying situations, we combined flocking with influence maps (IM) to find safe paths for the flock in real time. This combination turns out to be an excellent alternative to normal movement in Glest and most likely in other RTS games.


Theoretical works have shown that off-plane motions of bars can heat stars in the vertical direction during buckling but is not clear how do they affect the rest of components of the Stellar Velocity Ellipsoid (SVE). We study the 2D spatial distribution of the vertical, $\sigma_{z}$, azimuthal, $\sigma_{\phi}$ and radial, $\sigma_{r}$ velocity dispersions in the inner regions of Auriga galaxies, a set of high-resolution magneto-hydrodynamical cosmological zoom-in simulations, to unveil the influence of the bar on the stellar kinematics. $\sigma_{z}$ and $\sigma_{\phi}$ maps exhibit non-axisymmetric features that closely match the bar light distribution with low $\sigma$ regions along the bar major axis and high values in the perpendicular direction. On the other hand, $\sigma_{r}$ velocity dispersion maps present more axisymmetric distributions. We show that isophotal profile differences best capture the impact of the bar on the three SVE components providing strong correlations with bar morphology proxies although there is no relation with individual $\sigma$. Time evolution analysis shows that these differences are a consequence of the bar formation and that they tightly coevolve with the strength of the bar. We discuss the presence of different behaviours of $\sigma_{z}$ and its connection with observations. This work helps us understand the intrinsic $\sigma$ distribution and motivates the use of isophotal profiles as a mean to quantify the effect of bars.


We compared 3 kinds of ignitor characteristics and represented the procedure in order to turn the HID lamp on. Also, we analysed the cable characteristic based on the length between ignitor and the HID lamp and proved it theoretically. In practice, the ignition voltage contains a lot of problems because it is easily changed by the structure of ignitors, cable length and characteristics. In this paper, therefore, 3 ignitors, which are LC resonant typed, arc-gap circuit typed and drive frequency variable typed, have simulated and analysed with the 25[m] cable length. After careful consideration of comparisons made of all the ignitors` and cables` characteristics, a number of possible solutions were finalized.


This short article discusses the new stamp duty measures that are introduced in Hong Kong to curb property speculation and argues that the new measures may not be effective and that the new stamp duties that are introduced may be in breach of the Basic Law.


: Chiral zirconium alkoxides prepared in situ from Zr(OBu t ) 4 , TADDOL and acetone cyanohydrin in CH 2 Cl 2 effect the enantioselective Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley cyanation of aldehydes, giving optically active cyanohydrins. The reaction proceeds catalytically with the aid of activated, powdered 4Å molecular sieves.


E7 Thecognitive approach to stereotypes views *stereotyping as a natural consequence.of normal cognitive processes; therefore, information that is inconsistent with a stereotype is less likely to be remembered. Tp investigate this hypothesis an earlier, experiment wa replicated in therie studies. Subjects received congruent or neutral information about a target person; with one exception which was eithet congruent or incongruent with the impressioh and was attributed -to either a situational or dispositional cause. Results demonstrated that incongruent behavior :lied an advantage in recall only-when behavior was attrilpted'to 4. dispositional causes. When behavior was attributed to situational 4 causest 'incongruent information' was no more likely to be recalled than congruent information. In addition, subjects preferred -situational attribRtions for incongruent behavior anddispositional' attributions for ckngruent behavior. The findings suggest that when confronted withbehavior,Ithat toes not fit their stereotypes, individuals 'may search fdlit4a situational attributions, thereby decreasing the slikOiho of recall. (JAC)


This paper presents a tool named "Interactive Attention Board" (IAB) and an associated software named "Interactive Attention Boards Software" (IABS) for individuals with Mental Retardation and Autism. The proposed system is based on several theories such as perception and learning theories, and it is intended to improve hand-eye coordination and attention duration of disabled individuals. Furthermore, the IAB system offers an interactive environment both for disabled individuals and educators, and enables a rapid improvement of disabled individuals' responses to various stimulants, and increases attention duration on a certain object. IAB aims to decrease disabled individuals' reaction time to stimulants, and to increase total concentration and attention period on a single object. Thus, these improvements in the attention help the educator to teach individuals about various cognitive concepts such as long, short, small, big, and colors, as well as educational concepts such as animals, vehicles and professions.


Coatings of tin oxide on glass are used as heat reflecting films which pass visible radiation while selectively blocking infrared radiation. Reflectance and absorbance spectra for these coatings are presented. (GHT)


A bit of medical history is being made in connection with the Food and Drug Administration's recent approval of chymopapain to treat so-called slipped disks. First, take the Nov 10, 1982, decision itself— considered historic because it marks the successful conclusion of a long and sometimes highly controversial struggle to gain official approval for chymopapain. It's been more than 40 years since the papain enzyme was first isolated (1941). In 1956, author and medical commentator Lewis Thomas, MD, then a pathologist at New York University-Bellevue Medical Center, showed it could break down cartilaginous protein polysaccharide when injected into the tall, rigid ears of rabbits, causing the ears to collapse. About seven years later, Illinois orthopedic surgeon Lyman Smith, MD, developed chemonucleolysis, a technique in which chymopapain is injected into herniated lumbar intervertebral disks that have not responded to conservative therapy to hasten chondromucoprotein degradation ( JAMA 1964;187:137-140). Clinical trials began soon


The rapid human evolution has improved the quality of our lives through the use of technology. This not only resulted in increased raw materials extraction but also in the production of a worrying amount of electronic wastes. Indeed, in 2019 worldwide production of Electronic and Electric Equipment Waste (WEEE) was worth 50 million tons, causing several disadvantages such as the reduced space in landfills and massive shipping to countries with less restrictive regulations. On the other side, the billionaire electrical devices market is causing a significant increase in Precious Metals (PM) demand. Nowadays, the economic importance of PMs is as high as their supply risk. The answer to this problem consists of finding selective methods to extract and raffinate precious metals from disposed WEEE.On average, WEEEs contain around 30 % of plastics, 30 % ceramics, and 40 % metals; among these only around 0.1 % is characterized by PMs, such as gold, silver, rhodium, platinum, and palladium. The separation of PMs from other non-precious components is generally obtained using pyrometallurgy, which consists of fusing the wastes at temperatures up to 1500 ÷ 1700 °C. However, this method produces toxic gaseous by-products and implies high energy costs. A possible alternative is given by hydrometallurgical processes, consisting of leaching the WEEE with solutions containing acids and oxidants at temperatures lower than 100°C. One of the main issues of the hydrometallurgical process is to leach copper and other non-precious base-metals selectively while keeping PMs in the solid-state.In this work, we report preliminary results of equilibrium and kinetic leaching tests in a well-stirred batch reactor, aimed at the optimization of the main operating parameters of a hydrometallurgical process for selective leaching of copper and other base-metals from Wasted Printed Circuit Boards (WPCBs). In particular, experiments have been carried out at different HCl and NaCl concentrations of the leaching solutions, exploring also the effect of temperature variation (20, 50, and 70 °C).


The urgency of ijtihad is illustrated when examining arguments that contradict each other at its zahir or to find out about contemporary legal issues that have not been found in texts or ijtihad in it. The mujtahid have manhaj in doing ijtihad in exploring the law and taking argument. Imam al-Hafizh al-Faqih Mujtahid Abu al-FathTaqiyyuddin, known as Ibn Daqiq al-Id al-Manfaluthi al-Misri (625-702 H), is one of the mujtahid who has a special manhaj in performing ijtihad. The book of Ihkam al-Ahkam Syarh 'Umdah al-Ahkam is one of his famous works. From this background, the problems to be answered in this study are (1) How is the manhaj of Ibn Daqiq in performing ijtihad in the fields of marriage, divorce and iddah in the book Ihkam al-Ahkam Syarh 'Umdah al-Ahkam. (2) How is the application of Ibn Daqiqi to manhaj ijtihad in the fields of marriage, divorce and iddah in the book Ihkam al-Ahkam Syarh 'Umdah al-Ahkam ?.This literature research aims to analyze Ibn Daqiq's manhaj ijtihad in the fields of marriage, talak and iddah in the book Ihkam al-Ahkam Syarh 'Umdah al-Ahkam, using analytical descriptive methods. To analyze, find the application of manhaj ijtihad Ibn Daqiq on marriage, talak and iddah in the book Ihkam al-Ahkam Syarh 'Umdah al-Ahkam used content analysis (content analysis). To draw conclusions, deductive and inductive methods are used. The results of this study are (1) providing benefits, discussing in depth about the laws of shari'ah, (2) Imam Ibn Daqiq al-'Eid is a scholar who is not only up to the level of the mazhab mujtahid, but also recognized by scholars as mujtahid scholars. mutlaq. (3) In performing ijtihad matches all of his views with the intent of Shari ', namely to bring benefit and promote or minimize mudharat and haraj. (4) Imam Ibn Daqiq's Manhaj Ijtihad, especially in the chapters of marriage, divorce and iddah are: al-Manhaj al-Mazdhabi al-Istishlahi, and al-Manhaj al-Intiqa 'al-Insya'i.


Russian military invasion of Ukraine became yet another reminder to humanity about how fragile our world is and how it requires unity and partnership to confront global humanitarian challenges and to ensure goals of sustainable development.The article analyzes the historical context of the establishment of Ukrainian statehood, provides situational assessment of the current state of economy and environmental hazards in Ukraine and investigates successful anti-crisis «success stories» of other countries. It is namely on this basis that a strategy of changing an existing system of state governance in Ukraine has been elaborated, taking into account the consequences of the war-induced socio-economic crisis. As conceptual framework for this strategy, provisions of the sustainable development theory were utilized, regarded by the authors as the most implementable «survival guide» for contemporary world.


The present trend is toward faster and larger pursuit airplanes. Because both speed and size increase the aileron control forces, the design of ailerons for manual operation is becoming increasingly difficult. In order to obtain a clearer picture of the future problem of balancing ailerons, and inspection has been made of the effects of airplane size and speed on the control forces. Computations were made of the aileron control forces required to meet specified rolling conditions for plain ailerons on wings with spans from 40 to 80 feet and for speeds up to 500 miles per hour. The rolling conditions were specified by two alternative criterions. One was the rolling criterion pb/2V of reference 1. For reasons, which will be discussed later, a value of 0.09 rather than the recommended value of 0.07 was assigned to this criterion. For the criterion pb/2V, the required value of the rolling velocity p varies inversely with the airplane span b. There is some question as to whether the rolling velocity of a pursuit airplane can be permitted to decrease simply because its size is increased. For the second criterion, therefore, the rolling velocity is independent of span (p/V is a constant). The value assigned to this criterion was so chosen that for a wing of 40-foot span the value of pb/2V would be 0.09. The computations neglected compressibility effects. Available experimental data and the results of tests given in reference 2 indicate that the effect of compressibility is to increase the control force. Recent flight tests have indicated that, with certain types of aileron, serious compressibility effects may cause discontinuity at speeds of approximately 400 miles per hour in the aileron control force curves.


The effect of shot peening parameters (shot speed, density and time) on the residual stress profile of the specimens has been systematically studied by single variable and orthogonal method combined with X ray stress equipment It is shown that the residual stress, especially the peak stress in subsurface, increases with the elevation of shot pening parameters and will saturate when shot speed approaches to the limit speed of the equipment The relative mechanism has also been discussed


Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, is a rapidly developing technology with tremendous potential in both developmental and production applications. Solar Turbines Incorporated is committed to AM technology for gas turbine applications. The ability to metal 3D print novel designs of turbine blades capable of actual turbine engine operation would effectively reduce design validation cycle time and allow acquisition of key performance data early in a design campaign. In support of Solar's advanced manufacturing development and ongoing engine efficiency improvement goals, Solar initiated a project to print a full set of Mercury TM 50 stage 2 turbine blades to be run in a development engine, with this Phase 1 program to demonstrate feasibility for fabrication of the geometry from the non-weldable Ni-base superalloy through electron beam melting (EBM)


The Embedded Machine is a virtual machine that mediates in real time the interaction between software processes and physical processes. It separates the compilation of embedded programs into two ph...


This article explores the ideas about children's participation in decision-making held by government officials and non-government representatives engaged in promoting children's participation in the Philippines. It suggests that the ideas that policy-makers and service deliverers hold about children's participation are heterogeneous, diverse and complex. While adults' attitudes are often presented as serious barriers to children's participation, this study suggests that they are both obstructive and facilitative. A deeper understanding of the range of ideas held by adults, particularly policy-makers and service providers, may be the critical next step in progressing children's participation in a direction that is meaningful for children and influential in terms of policy outcomes.


Hemingway's story "Hills Like White Elephants" is often included in curricula of literature and creative writing. During the first half century after its publication in 1927, its readers had no doubt how it ended—the girl, Jig, succumbed to the man's wish that she terminate her pregnancy—and even denied the intensity of her initial resistance. The volume of critical work on the story surged around 1980, however, with the emergence of new answers to the question "What happens at the end of the story?" Hemingway's narrative technique of sharing a minimal amount of information with the reader is partly responsible for its multiple conflicting readings, but as we shall see below, it may not be the only reason for them. These multiple readings make the story an interesting test case for questions about conflicting interpretations. Why does this story invite such a variety of readings? Which readings can appeal to large readerships? Which readings are only of interest to professionals? How are readers influenced by exposure to other readers' readings? This last question is of particular interest, since reading works of fiction—at least well-known and highly regarded ones—is not an individual but a collective endeavor. Readers are exposed to interpretations by the education system, by book reviews, adaptations to other media, interviews with authors, blurbs, and more. Much of a reader's impression of a work of fiction is not his or her own.


The electronic structures of a clean Al (001) surface, of a stepped Al (001) surface, and of an Al(001) surface with vacancies were investigated by the first-principles calculation to elucidate the emission mechanism of field-stimulated exoelectrons from Al tip surfaces. The results show that vacancies at the Al (001) surface slightly increase local density of states (LDOS) in the occupied states, and that monoatomic steps significantly increase LDOS at 0.36 eV above Fermi level in the unoccupied states. The LDOS peak position in the unoccupied states at the stepped surface is close to the trap level of field-stimulated exoelectrons measured in our previous experiments, and it is concluded that the monoatomic steps at Al surfaces can play a role of exoelectron traps.


The right acknowledgement, as a universal approving method of the housing right protection, can be realized in two types: a positive one and a negative one. The differentiation of the two mentioned types of the right acknowledgement originates from the essence of this protection method, which is expressed in two levels: at the law-making level – as a protection measure defined by the housing legislation as the possibility to state the presence or the absence of the subjective housing right; at the law-enforcement level – as a specific request to state the presence or the absence of the subjective housing right. The three types of the negative acknowledgement of the right of usage are researched: acknowledging the person as the one who lost his right to use the apartment; acknowledging the person as the one who stopped his right to use the apartment; acknowledging the person as the one who did not acquire the right to use the apartment. The general feature of the studied housing right protection methods is the subject whose housing rights need to be protected, i.e. a person who has the right of using the apartment. The conclusion is made about the possibility to qualify the negative right acknowledgement only as referred to the claim for the acknowledgement of the housing right non-acquisition. The subject of the negative acknowledgement is also the right for the forced lodging into the apartment of other persons, which is not given to the family members of the apartment owner and family members of the apartment hirer, with the exception for his infant children. Negative right acknowledgement is also a method of protecting the right to use the common property in the apartment block, and also – of protecting the corporative housing rights.


In 1993 Indonesian overnment launched first IDT (Inpres Desa Tertinggal) program. IDT program is more than government effort to eliminate poverty, but a rural development strategy. It is directed to hike economic autonomy and to accelerate growth by increasing social economic activity based on decentralization principles.


Clinical and serological data on 1435 Italian thalassemia major patients were collected during a cooperative study involving 19 centers in 10 regions. The main findings were as follows: 18 percent of the patients were under 6 years of age, 63 percent between 6 and 15, and 19 percent over 15. Forty‐one percent had undergone splenectomy. Sixty‐two percent of the patients were maintained at pretransfusion hemoglobin levels higher than 10 g per dl, 36 percent between 8 and 10 g per dl, and 2 percent below 8 g per dl. Overall, 5.2 percent of the patients had clinically significant red cell alloantibodies (136 alloantibodies in 74 patients). One‐half of the immunized patients had more than one and one‐fourth had more than two alloantibodies. The specificities of the 136 alloantibodies were almost exclusively confined to the common antigens of the Rh, Kell, Kidd, and Duffy systems, in that decreasing order of frequency. The antibody screening procedure, using a low‐ionic‐ strength solution antiglobulin test against a three‐red‐cell panel and the patient's own red cells (autocontrol) with a serum to cell ratio of 100 to 1 was shown to be an adequate technique for red cell antibody detection.


Natural disasters are a natural phenomenon that can occur at any time causing material and immaterial losses. Sibolangit is one of the subdistricts in the Deli Serdang Regency with relief of sloping hills between 60° – 90° with high rainfall so that the Sibolangit subdistrict has the potential for landslides. Geographic Information System can connect spatial and non-spatial data so that maps and information analysis can be made in a digital form. This study aimed to determine the level of landslide vulnerability in Sibolangit subdistrict, where the data used include types of rocks, types of soil, slope, rainfall, and land use. The analysis used in the study was the Geographic Information System with Puslittanak Modelling 2004. The study results obtained four criteria for landslide vulnerability in Sibolangit subdistrict, namely low landslide-prone areas which were 7 villages (32.65 km2 or 18.84%), moderate landslide-prone areas which were 13 villages (77.93 km2 or 44.96%), high landslide-prone areas which were 8 villages (46.43 km2 or 28.96%), and very high landslide-prone areas which were 2 villages (16.31 km2 or 10.17 %).


non-aqueous transparent dispersions are described by functionalized polyurethane (meth) acrylate particles in a reactive diluent which are obtainable by reacting a polyisocyanate with at least one polyol and a nucleophilically functionalized (meth) acrylate in the reactive diluents and which are characterized in that the polyurethane (meth) acrylate particles have a mean diameter of less than 40 nm. Furthermore, the invention relates to a process for preparing such dispersions, to their use as an adhesive, coating, casting glass or impact modifier and a shaped article produced from the dispersion as well as a corresponding coating.


In an indoor environment, there are clues that can be used for tracking. For my project I will use ceiling tiles to determine the camera pose and thus its location in predefined 3D space. Tile corners are easily distinguishable and they can be used as reference points. Assuming that the tiles are on the Z=0 plane, and we have at least four ceiling points, we can calculate a unique solution for the camera pose by solving a linear systems of equationsi. Using this approach we need the absolute co-ordinates of the corners of the ceiling tiles. If we determine the coordinates of one tile, the others could be determined incrementally iii and inter-frame tiles coordinates can be computed using optical flow techniques iv. After I am able to determine camera location, it will try and map these location points to a virtual model of 3D space to give a visual indication of the camera location.


This monograph guides administrators in developing policies that lead to improved supervision of instruction. Chapter 1, "The Mystery of Effective Teaching," by Barbara Benham Tye, focuses on improving schools' work environment through the supportive methods of clinical supervision. Arthur L. Costa describes five phases of the process between supervisor and teacher in the second chapter, "Clinical Supervision--A Definition." "Reviewing the Difference between Supervision and Evaluation," chapter 3, by Arthur L. Costa and Robert Garmston, distinguishes nine processes in which supervision and evaluation are performed differently. Chapter 4, also by Costa and Garmston, discusses assumptions and goals in "Cognitive Coaching--Supervision for Intelligent Teaching." Michelle Williams relates personal experiences in chapter 5, "Peer Coaching Improved My Teaching," by describing advantages of the model. "The Role of the Principal as Instructional Leader," by Kenneth A. Tye, chapter 6, surveys demands placed upon principals and recommends new types of training programs. The final chapter, "The Role of the School Board: Linking the Professional and Political Worlds of Clinical Supervision," by Richard C. Williams, recommends that teacher supervision involve teachers in procedures; as political bodies, boards must acquaint themselves with teaching procedures as well. A bibliography provides 25 references. (CJH) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ***********************************************************************


Abstract Objective: This study was performed to investigate mothers' opinions and knowledge about the contraceptive feature of breastfeeding. Background: Breastfeeding is quite beneficial in terms of mother, baby, and public health. Although it has long been known to have a contraceptive effect and although it is common in many countries, women usually do not use it as a contraceptive method. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive study and included 400 mothers in their early postpartum period. Data were collected with a questionnaire at face-to-face interviews within 3 days of giving birth. Obtained data were analyzed with descriptive statistics. Results: One third of the mothers were primiparous and 66.5% of the mothers had breastfeeding experience. Of these, 38.9% of the mothers said that they received knowledge about the contraceptive effect of breastfeeding and 68.9% of these mothers received this knowledge from a nurse. Seventeen percent of the mothers receiving this knowledge reported that br...


This paper, proceeding from Mohist Debate, aims to illustrate the exquisite employment of argumentative tactics in Mohist prose and highlight their distinctive features. It is pointed out that Mohist argumentative approaches and formats, which are distinct from those in the prose of Zhuang Zi and Mencius, are characterized by conciseness, thematic clarity, logical coherence, etc. In short, as is opined in the paper, argumentative skills and methods in Mohist prose are unique and worthy of much attention.


Asymptotic forms for the one-electron two-centre Coulomb problem are used to discuss the properties of pseudocrossings in the correlation diagram for the (ZaZb)(Z(a)+Z(b)-1)+ system. It is shown that discrepancies in different expressions for the energy gap at a pseudocrossing may be resolved by a proper consideration of the electron wavefunction normalisation.


1 R & D Institute, Takenaka Corporation, Inzai, Chiba, Japan, Email: firstname.lastname@example.com 2 Department of Civil Engineering. University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K. email@example.com 3 Construction Department, Tokyo Electric Power Company, Tokyo, Japan, Fax:+81-3-3596-8509 4 Construction Department, Tokyo Electric Power Company, Tokyo, Japan, Fax:+81-3-3596-8574 5 Advanced Engineering Department, Tokyo Electric Power Service Company, Tokyo, Japan, Fax:+81-3-5818-7608 COMPARISON OF EQUIVALENT LINEAR ANALYSIS AND NONLINEAR ANALYSIS FOR A LIQUEFACTION PROBLEM


Small-scale water conservancy engineering is prone to quality accidents because the construction company often arranges less manpower and material resources as well as management for a project with relatively small investment. The author probes into the quality control for small-scale water conservancy engineering construction and puts forward some detailed suggestions for supervising engineers.


Solid phase chemical ligation followed by enzymatic glycosylation exploits the advantages of a solid support to minimize the purification steps, constituting a promising approach for the synthesis of complex glycoproteins.


honorary Board of Governors all of whom must be residents of Australia, and who, because of their tenure of some public office or other position in the community, may be expected to have a high degree of responsibility to the public in exercising that control". The Foundation's objectives are quite broadly to "promote and advance the welfare of the Australian community". Annual donations from the Utah Development Co., rising from $400000 in 1975 to $750000 in 1980, have allowed grants totalling $2620000 dollars to be made to the end of 1979. The $630000 disbursed in 1979 included $151 268 described as "for medical research". This provided support to projects in three States, the Menzies Appeal, a chair in clinical neurology and neuropharmacology, and a new specialist research foundation. Another $83534 went to scientific research, including several projects (for example, on influenza viruses of birds, and on skin cancer in sheep) close to medicine. The balance went to grants for the performing arts, museums and conservation, social welfare in Queensland, visual arts, social sciences and humanities, education, publishing, general cultural activities, conferences and seminars. and "operational medicine" (the Australian Centre for Brain Injured Children in Adelaide). The Report includes brief but lucidly written summaries of progress on the various projects. A thoughtful introduction by the Chairman, Sir Walter Campbell, dissects out some of the problems facing the private foundations and the considerations that the foundations must have in mind in fulfilling their charters. Sir Walter quotes with approval statements by Sir Gustav Nossal (that there is a new emphasis on the professional approach to philanthropy in Australia). by Sir Sydney Sunderland, who points to the problems of being consistent in grant giving ("Concerning consistency in decision making, the position of Foundations is so independent that it is possible to aid some individuals and at the same time decline requests from others in an apparently similar position. This course of action is often impossible for a government agency, a ministry, a national society or a university"), and by the Myer Foundation in its Annual Report for 1973 ("Foundations therefore operate under the constant pressure of finding and defining the gaps in statutory programmes and funding operations to meet the deficiencies. But gap filling alone is not sufficient. Seven years ago an international conference on Foundation and Government put forward as one of its considerations-The lesson for foundations especially at a time of enlarged state activity is that they must be alert to changing needs and opportunities if the resources for which they are trustees are to be best used"). The Report states as a basis for operation "that a foundation's role is to fill the gaps in needs which do not seem to be met either by gifts from individuals or by grants from government", and goes on to discuss the difficulties that arise in implementing that policy-interaction with the specialist donor groups, the need to determine a stance towards big government spending ('The Foundation therefore usually avoids fields for which governmenl departments, quasi-governmental entities, or research committees have responsibility. It is felt that the scale of funding by government is so huge that any supplement from the Foundation would be a drop in the bucket") especially in relationship to the Australian Research Grants Committee and the National Health and Medical Research Council ("We try to concentrate on such applications as are unlikely to be funded by these bodies, but it is not always easy to judge which are eligible"). He stresses the difficulty of assessment of applications in some areas, such as the social sciences, and the problems in assessing the needs of individuals in large institutions with large operating budgets, such as universities ("It is sometimes hard to convince Governors that University X, with an operating grant from government of $75 million or so annually, cannot find the few thousand dollars needed for an undertaking which we are assured will serve invaluable purposes"). The Chairman's discussion suggests a flexible and cautious approach towards an incompletely assessed situation ("we are at the stage of having learned only that we are far from having mastered an increasingly complicated situation"). Clearly medical researchers should not be discouraged from approaching the Foundation for support of their brighter ideas, especially for those that offer innovative approaches but do not fit easily into the established interests or procedures of the larger granting bodies. R. L. DOHERTY.


Exxaro's Grootegeluk mine may be the only coal mine successfully operating in the Waterberg coalfields, but not for much longer. A large-scale, new-generation project is on track to start producing from the region from the beginning of 2015.


Bandpass filters using transmission lines with a positive imaginary characteristic impedance, terminated in a capacitive reactance, are described. Physical realisation takes the form of waveguide beyond cutoff (H01 mode) and, typically, a capacitive tuning screw. The screw is the only obstacle required in the guide.


Abstract : Pathologic studies have shown that dengue virus replicates in organs rich in lymphocytic tissues. Studies in vitro with monkey lymphocytes demonstrated that viral replication is dependent upon blast transformation. Therefore the replication of dengue-2 virus in three human lymphoblastoid cell lines of B cell characteristics in continuous culture (Raji, 8866, Wil 2WT) and in human peripheral lymphocytes (HPL) stimulated by mitogens was studied. Dengue-2 virus (SEATO strain) readily replicated in the three human lymphoblastoid cell lines without apparent effect on the host cells. Persistently infected cells produced virus for at least five months. The kinetics of the infection and the localization of the dengue antigens were studied by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Persistently infected Raji cells expressing viral antigens on their surface formed rosettes with normal human T lymphocytes and bound human platelets in the presence of human antibody to dengue virus. Immune complexes in sera of patients with dengue could be demonstrated and serum enzyme inhibitors were depressed.


Corporate-led programs aimed at increasing women's entrepreneurship are rapidly proliferating across many industries. The gendered nature of this phenomenon suggests that feminist approaches may bring much to bear on analysis of management theory and practice. In particular, I argue that insights from feminist economics regarding the historically prevalent – but narrow and gendered – definition of work, which artificially separates production from reproduction, provide fruitful tools for theory building and analysis of practice. Through a systematic literature review of the entrepreneurship literature, I demonstrate that the gendered separation of production and reproduction is typically taken as given in mainstream management theory. Findings from two organizational cases, both featuring industry-embedded approaches to women's empowerment, support the conclusion that unpaid/care work and market work are typically framed as forms of activity that are gendered, dichotomous, and existing in ontological conflict with one another in management practice. I present a conceptual framework of what is to be gained by examining management theory and practice in this light, and suggest how scholars and practitioners might use this framework for future work and research.


Virtual reality-interaction with simulated models of "scenes" or "worlds"- is an area that is undergoing rapid development. Representing a real scene as a three-dimensional model is a time-consuming process if created manually. However, there is a variety of image analysis techniques that can be used to aid, and even automate, virtual world creation. For acquiring individual objects, well-established approaches include stereo cameras and laser range-finding. We concentrate upon stereo systems, since they are typically much less expensive. For acquiring a 3D model of, say, the inside of a room, a single stereo image is insufficient. One must introduce ego-motion to view all parts of the room, perhaps by panning the camera. Although there has been much good work on the solution of this general problem, ego-motion remains a factor that significantly complicates subsequent computations. This paper explores the use of an unusual stereo configuration to side-step ego-motion problems, producing imagery that can be used directly for computational stereo over an entire 360° panorama. Potential applications of the technique include building virtual shops whose layouts match real ones, capturing archaeological sites for virtual heritage, and so on.


Subshifts of finite type can be classified by various equivalence relations. The most important equivalence relation is undoubtedly strong shift equivalence, i.e., conjugacy. In [W], R. F. Williams introduced shift equivalence which is weaker than conjugacy but still sensitive.


Network Data Analytics Function (NWDAF) promotes the rapid development of artificial intelligence and big data technology in the field of 5G communication. In order to analyze the security challenges faced by NWDAF in the open 5G network operating environment, a threat modeling method for NWDAF was proposed in combination with the STRIDE framework. Several mature threat modeling methods and ideas in the industry were firstly introduced; then the attack surface was analysed and a data flow diagram was created for NWDAF, the STRIDE method and the OWASP risk rating idea were used for threat identification and threat rating; finally, the targeted threat mitigation measures and protective means were formulated.


as punishment. These feelings probably were related to the persecutory symptomatology of schizophrenic patients. However, the paternalistic, family-like ties strengthen the projection of paranoid feelings in the patients. On the other hand, American patients sought gratification in smooth relations with other patients. American culture disapproves of the admission of dependent needs, particularly in men, whereas the Japanese culture sometimes encourages the expression of dependent needs. The attitude of withdrawal was characteristic of Japanese schizophrenic patients. The patients indicated that they wanted more encouragement and strong, warm interest from their doctor in order to participate in hospital activities. The patients were concerned also with whether or not they were mentally ill, as the label of mental illness was threatening to them. The patients who could acknowledge their abnormal thought or behavior were more favorably regarded by doctors. Japanese patients were less expressive of inner 'turmoil than American patients It is interesting that the symptom of physical assaultiveness has the highest incidence of any symptom among Japanese schizophrenics. Such assaults are most likely made against members of the family. The Japanese hospital in this study resembles a large family. Thus, the fear of the staff seems to be that if the patients express their emotions and turmoil freely, they would express violence as if to their


Research into the possibilities for transforming postwar office buildings. What opportunities and freedom can the designer afford. To what extent should the cultural value of the building and its surroundings take into account. This transformation is taken place at Heijplaat, a small garden city on the south bank of the Maas in Rotterdam. Every building is build for the purpose of the RDM (Rotterdamse Droogdok Maatschappij). The postwar office building, designed by E.F. Groosman, is no exception.