Descemet's stripping automated endothelium keratoplasty(DSAEK) has gained popularity in the surgical treatment of endothelial disorder as an alternative to penetrating keratoplasty.Selective transplantation of endothelial layer avoids the potential complications. Instead,there is structural integrity for the recipient,minimal change in refraction,and faster recovery of vision.The procedure is that:A 5 mm scleral tunnel incision was made,a special hook was used to score the descemetorhexis and strip off the recipient Descemet's membrane and endothelium,and the donor butten with part posterior stroma,Descemet membrane and endothelium was insert to anterior chamber.Filtered air then was injected to force the apposition of the posterior donor stroma to the recipient stromal bed. The surgery no suture and avoid the astigmatism post-operation.The key procedures and experiences during and post operation are that:We often meet some problem in insertion and unfold of donor button because of shallow anterior chamber in Asia.The important measure is that to reduce intraocular pressure,to avoid the anterior removal of lens-iris diaphragm and provide larger place of anterior chamber.Dislocation of donor graft is common complication,it often induce surgery failure in DSAEK.The prevent measure is that:To decrease the amount of viscoelastic and remove completely viscoelastic before insertion of donor graft.To remove the interface liquid between recipient bed and donor graft,to increase both adherence.The integrity of lens-iris diaphragm is a very important factor to maintain the stable air bubble in anterior chamber,otherwise the air bubble easily enter into vitreous cavity to loss the support the donor graft.So the indication should be caution to choice in beginning stage.


Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) is the ability of high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol to accept cholesterol from macrophages. Lipid profiles and CEC appear to be altered in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) due to disease activity and inflammation. CEC has been linked to cardiovascular events in the general population and to subclinical atherosclerosis in SLE and RA patients. The aim of this study was to establish whether CEC varies between patients with SLE and those with RA.


Reviewer: The connection of the modeling results to inferences about Earth's mantle via comparison with observational results is much weaker on account of the choice to ignore the wealth of relevant and easily accessible seismic data in modern community archives. Consequently, I am cautious about the value of the interpretations regarding the balance of scattering and intrinsic attenuation in the real rather than synthetic model mantle. The observational component of the manuscript should be substantially expanded to use global data from many sources and a large number of receivers as the available data resources have advanced greatly beyond those used in most of the


Significance The study of ecological succession remains at the core of ecology. Understanding the trajectories and mechanisms controlling ecological succession is crucial to predicting the responses of ecosystems to environmental change and projecting their future states. By definition, deterministic succession is expected under homogeneous abiotic and biotic starting conditions. This study, however, shows that the succession of groundwater microbial communities in response to nutrient amendment is primarily stochastic, but that the drivers controlling biodiversity and succession are dynamic rather than static. By identifying the mechanisms controlling microbial community assembly and succession, this study makes fundamental contribution to the mechanistic understanding essential for a predictive microbial ecology of many systems ranging from microbiomes of humans and plants to natural and managed ecosystems. Unraveling the drivers of community structure and succession in response to environmental change is a central goal in ecology. Although the mechanisms shaping community structure have been intensively examined, those controlling ecological succession remain elusive. To understand the relative importance of stochastic and deterministic processes in mediating microbial community succession, a unique framework composed of four different cases was developed for fluidic and nonfluidic ecosystems. The framework was then tested for one fluidic ecosystem: a groundwater system perturbed by adding emulsified vegetable oil (EVO) for uranium immobilization. Our results revealed that groundwater microbial community diverged substantially away from the initial community after EVO amendment and eventually converged to a new community state, which was closely clustered with its initial state. However, their composition and structure were significantly different from each other. Null model analysis indicated that both deterministic and stochastic processes played important roles in controlling the assembly and succession of the groundwater microbial community, but their relative importance was time dependent. Additionally, consistent with the proposed conceptual framework but contradictory to conventional wisdom, the community succession responding to EVO amendment was primarily controlled by stochastic rather than deterministic processes. During the middle phase of the succession, the roles of stochastic processes in controlling community composition increased substantially, ranging from 81.3% to 92.0%. Finally, there are limited successional studies available to support different cases in the conceptual framework, but further well-replicated explicit time-series experiments are needed to understand the relative importance of deterministic and stochastic processes in controlling community succession.


The ancient Egyptians produced statues for jackal, hippopotamus and crocodile since 4400 BC and continued in this production down to 30 BC. They produced statues for those animals not only as animals but also as domestic applications such as amulets, boats, spoons, combs, masks, vessels decoration, balance-weight and jar lids. The designs and materials used are investigated with analysis of each item for dimensions , beauty aspects and present location (if known) . Keywords— Mechanical engineering; Ancient Egypt; jackal statues, hippopotamus statues, crocodile statues.


A 13-year-old hypospadic boy with a urethral stone was successfully treated with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy after various unsuccessful attempts at urological extraction. The easiness of ESWL application in this case and the quick elimination of the stone suggest that ESWL should be considered in the management of urethral calculi.


Four optimizing methods of equipment cost structure were detailedly analyzed based on their theories. The strengths and weaknesses of the four optimizing methods were analyzed and compared each other. And the characteristics of system dynamics were introduced. It was found that the weaknesses of the four optimizing methods were just made up by the characteristics of system dynamics. It was put forward that system dynamics is better than the four methods in optimizing equipment cost structure at the moment. This viewpoint not only enriches the categories of optimizing methods for equipment cost structure, but also explores a new way for optimizing equipment cost structure in practice.


Disclosed is a method and device for a refrigerant-based thermal energy storage and cooling system with multiple condensing units utilizing a common evaporator coil. The disclosed embodiments provide a refrigerant-based ice storage system with increased reliability, lower cost components, and reduced power consumption and ease of installation.


OBJECTIVE
To analyze the incidence rate of repeat transurethral prostatectomy (TURP) and its probable causes after TURP for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BHP).

METHODS
A retrospective study was conducted to summarize the cases who received repeat transurethral resection of prostate after TURP for benign prostatic hyperplasia in recent 20 years. The data were compared with the data of the cases who just received once TURP for BPH.

RESULTS
1225 patients received TURP for BHP from 1981 to 2001. Fifty-seven patients experienced repeat transurethral resection of the prostate after a mean interval of 3 years and 2 months with an incidence rate of 4.65%. 69.8% of which manifested repeat gross hematuria before repeat prostatectomy, with a rate significantly higher than the general gross hematuria rate and the gross hematuria rate at the first admission (P < 0.005 and P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION
The incidence rate of repeat prostatectomy after TURP for BHP is 4.65%. The mean interval between the two procedures is 3 years and 2 months. Gross hematuria is one of the main causes for repeat TURP besides the low urinary tract symptoms.


The present invention provides a method of producing directly reduced iron in a vertical reactor (12) having an upper reduction zone (16) a lower cooling zone (18), the method vertical reaction iron oxide feed material (20) and supplying the top (22) of the furnace (12), so that the iron oxide feed material (20) forms a load that flows by gravity to the material discharge end of the lower (24) of the vertical reactor (12) a step, by supplying the high-temperature reduced gas to the lower (26) of the reduction zone of the vertical reactor (12) (16), said hot reducing gas towards the gas outlet of the upper (22) of the vertical reactor (12) a step to flow as reverse current to the load Te, and recovering recovering the direct reduction of iron in the bottom (24) of the vertical reactor (12), the upper gas at the top of the vertical reactor (12) (22) a step, less of the recovered top gas Including a step of subjecting the recycling process one part, and returning sends 該再 use upper gas in the vertical reactor (12). According to an important aspect of the present invention, after the reclaiming process of heating the recovered upper gas at the preheating device, the feed to the reformer unit (36), the volatile carbon containing material to the reformer (36) (38 ) sending, by devolatilization process the volatile carbon containing material (38) and reacted with the recovered upper gas fed to the desulfurizing agent to the reformer (36) in or the recovery upper gas upstream, reformer heating device (36), a reformed top gas recovered from the reformer (36), to remove the sulfur-containing material (45), comprising through feeding the particle separator (46).


Background : Idiopathic hypoparathyroidism is a relatively rare disease characterized by hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia due to parathyroid hormone deficiency of unknown cause. It usually develop at young age and various clinical symptoms and signs accompanied with hypocalcemia develop at late period. And rarely associated with polyglandular autoimmune syndrome during follow-up. So we reviewed retrospectively our clinical experiences in diagnosis and management. Methods : We observed the 6 cases with idiopathic hypoparathyroidism from 1986 to 2002. Four female and two male patients were examined demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, radiologic finding, and occurrence of polyglandular autoimmune syndrome. Results : All patients aged from 18 to 51 years and had no familial history. The most frequent two symptoms of idiopathic hypoparathyroidism were paresthesia (67%) and tetany (67%). The incidence of Chvostek's and Trousseau's sign were 83% and 67%, respectively. From the history taking, patient who had psychotic problem was two, ocular lesion was two, and Graves's disease was one before admission. One patient had transient hypogonadism because of acute illness but recovered during follow-up. One patient developed primary adrenal insufficiency after 2 years. Neuroimaging study revealed bilateral calcification and ECG showed Q-T interval prolong. Conclusion : Idiopathic hypoparathyroidism may be suspected in patients with various neurologic symptoms and signs associated with hypocalcemia. It was difficult to predict other endocrine dysfunction at diagnosis. Therefore, we need to follow-up laboratory examinations for early detection of accompanied autoimmune disease in idiopathic hypoparathyroidism patient.


Nanocomposite Nd8.5 Fe(subscript (76.6-x)) Ga(subscript x) Co5 Zr2.7 B6.2 (x=0.5) bonded magnets were prepared by melt-spun and subsequent annealing. The magnetic properties of the magnets were investigated. The results suggest that adding proper gallium could improve the squareness of the demagnetization curve and increase the maximum energy product of the magnets. The optimum magnetic properties of B(subscript r)=0.745T, (subscript j)H(subscript c)=730.1kA/m, (BH)( subscript max)=80.1kJ/m^3 were obtained for Nd8.5 Fe(subscript (76.6-x)) Ga(subscript x) Co5 Zr2.7 B6.2 bonded magnet with 16m/s wheel speed and 670℃ annealing treatment. Additionally, the temperature coefficient of remanence and coercivity for the temperature range of 25 to 150℃ were-0.091%/℃, -0.353%/℃ for the Nd8.5 Fe(subscript (76.6-x)) Ga(subscript x) Co5 Zr2.7 B6.2 bonded magnet.


ABSTRACT This article focuses on the role played by polarisation in the Spanish party system. It first analyses the failure in the attempts to form a government after the 28 April 2019 general election in Spain. It shows how polarisation and short-term calculations made government formation impossible and led to a new general election in November that year. The article also describes how prior to the electoral campaign, the exhumation of Francisco Franco's body and the riots in Catalonia, which added to the saliency of territorial conflict, fostered votes for the radical right-wing party Vox. It will also be shown how the election results led to a fragmented and more polarised Congress. Finally, the article discusses the formation of the first minority coalition government in the recent democratic history of Spain – one made up of the PSOE and UP – its structure and its potential implications for the Spanish party system.


Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) has been demonstrated to offset groundwater demand in many locations around the world. At each location where MAR has been successfully undertaken, there are unique hydro-climatic, socio-economic and institutional conditions. This has resulted in a variety of methods to recharge aquifers. Despite its physical potential, there has been limited uptake of MAR in Australia. Limited knowledge of the actual costs and benefits from MAR projects is a major barrier to the uptake of MAR. The cost of an MAR scheme is highly variable across regions because of several hydrogeological and climatic influencing factors, such as the rate of recharge, type of aquifer, water source, water quality and method of water treatment. The comparative cost of MAR with regard to surface water storages is poorly known in Australia. Published MAR cost estimates are local and situation specific, making cost comparison difficult across regions. The aim of this paper is to estimate the economic efficiency of using stored water in surface dams to that stored in an aquifer using MAR. The study estimates, for the Lower Namoi cotton irrigation district in New South Wales, Australia, the relevant costs and benefits and compares net irrigation benefits under three different water storage methods - surface storage in farm dams, aquifer storage using pond infiltration and aquifer storage using injection wells. Preliminary results indicate that aquifer storage is financially viable. But the maximum cost of aquifer storage, regardless of MAR method, should not exceed 500 $/ML to achieve the breakeven point, that is the point at which the cost of aquifer storage is equal to the resulting farm benefits. Sensitivity analysis is performed on key variables such as the infiltration rates, costs of pumping and cotton prices. Infiltration rates and pumping costs are found less sensitive, while cotton price was, not surprisingly, found highly sensitive to the NPV. A 50% reduction in infiltration rates and a 25% increase in the cost of pumping does not significantly affect the NPV. However, a 10% and 25% reduction in the price of cotton renders a 27% and 78% reduction in the NPV, respectively.


Sudden and unexpected death sometimes occurs, particularly in small children 1-12 months old, and in young adults between the ages of 15 and 25. In these cases there are either no symptoms at all or symptoms of mild upper respiratory disease, in the older group sometimes also headache and vomiting. At autopsy, petechiae are usually found in the epicardium and the pleurae, and in the older group there is bleeding in the adrenals and the skin. Moderate inflammatory changes are sometimes found in the lungs.' The cause of sudden death of these individuals is often obscure, and the macroscopic and microscopic findings at autopsy usually give no explanation. Various factors, such as allergy and anaphylactic shock, have been discussed. However, an infectious origin seems very probable, for example septicemia with Neisseriu meningitidis and, in small children, septicemia with Hoemophitus infiuenzae. It is true that bacteriologic culture of specimens taken at autopsy usually gives negative results, but this may be due to the organisms' being nonviable because of antibiotic therapy or other factors, such as prolonged storage before autopsy. Histopathological examinations of tissue sections from postmortem organs usually do not reveal the presence of small numbers of bacteria. On these occasions, immunofluorescent (IFL) techniques ought to be of diagnostic value, since they combine specificity with high sensitivity and are not dependent on the presence of viable organisms. However, there are only a few reports in the literature on the use of IFL techniques for the demonstration of pathogenic microorganisms in human ti~sues.2.~ The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the practical application of IFL techniques for the detection of H. influentae and N. meningitidis in human tissues obtained from autopsies. Optimal results in the staining of the microorganisms were obtained with conjugates having fluorescein-to-protein (F:P) ratios of 8-10 x in conjunction with BG 3 as primary fiiter and Zeiss 47 as secondary fiiter at microscopy. Under these conditions it was found useful to counterstain with lissamine rhodamine B (RB 200)-labeled antistaphylococcal globulins to counteract nonspecific staining and tissue autofluorescence.


BACKGROUND Due to overwhelming patient volumes in hospitals as a result of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, hospital-level care at home (HLCH) has emerged as a strategic initiative for many health systems. 1 In November 2020, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services announced a temporary waiver in response to the public health emergency, allowing for the same full diagnosis-related group reimbursement as in hospital care; however, the future of HLCH reimbursement remains ambiguous pending permanent Medicare legislation. 2 Vertically integrated health systems that have a high proportion of risk-based contracts are embracing HLCH. Intermountain Healthcare is an integrated nonprofit delivery system with a mission to "help people live the healthiest lives possible" and has embraced HLCH as a strategic initiative in collaboration with Castell (an Intermountain sub-sidiary focused on population health/value-based care). During the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, Intermountain Healthcare's Enterprise Leadership Team and Castell aimed to initiate an HLCH initiative, identify appropriate patient populations in a novel pan-demic for safe HLCH admission, and ease capacity constraints within a strained health care system, ad-mitting the first patient to phase 1 of a modernized HLCH in May 2020.


The definitions of the Quadratic, Arithmetic, Geometric and Harmonic means all follow a certain generalisable pattern. The aim of this paper is to explicitly state that pattern, hence generalising the definition of a 'mean', and to prove inequalities for comparing different means (of which those between the four means stated previously is a special case).


Chemical pollutants occurring in rivers may have severe effects on human health along with being harmful to the environment. Bioaugmentation is a potential tool for the removal of xenobiotics from soil and water therefore the objectives of this study were the isolation, identification and characterization of microbes with acetanilide- and aniline-degrading properties from the River Maros. Microbes isolated on minimal media containing acetanilide or aniline-HCl as a sole carbon and nitrogen source were considered as acetanilide- or aniline-degraders. The decomposition of acetanilide and aniline were followed by High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). An acetanilide-degrading bacterium, identified as Rhodococcus erythropolis, was able to convert acetanilide to aniline, which was further decomposed by the fungal isolate Aspergillus ustus when the two microbes were co-cultivated in a minimal medium containing acetanilide as a sole carbon and nitrogen source. The strains isolated in this study might be used in approaches addressing the biodegradation of acetanilide and aniline in the environment.


Objective To study the expression of membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1 MMP) in human gastric cancer (HGC) and its relationship with invasion and metastasis of GC. Method Using immunochistochemistry the expression of MT1 MMP was determined in 47 cases of surgically resected HGC. Results MT1 MMP was over-expressed in HGC(42/47), while it has hardly found in the normal gastric tissue(1/15). The level of MT1 MMP expression in advanced HGC(41/42) was significantly higher than in early GC(1/5) ( P 0.01). The expression of MT1 MMP in the diffuse HGC (12/12) were higher than in the intenstinal HGC (24/28) ( P 0.01). The positive rates of MT1 MMP expression in the groups with serosal invasion(32/33) and lymph node metastasis (31/32) were much higher than those in the group with negative ones (10/14 and 11/15) ( P 0.01). The expression MT1 MMP was showed in the extracellular matrix of tumor tissues, which surrounded the invasive margin of cancer tissues. The positive cells at these sites were mainly HGC cells. Conclusion There is good correlation between the expression of MT1 MMP and the invasion, metastasis of HGC. So it can be used as a useful marker for invasion and metastasis of HGC.


Learning in the distance in higher education was challenging since the students were supposed to study in a self-regulated learning mode. The difficulties were double in learning mathematics, especially for the students of the non-mathematics study program. The primary purpose of the research was to identify the students' problems in learning mathematics at a higher education institution that implementing a distance education system. The method was a Delphi survey to 23 tutors for mathematics courses in the study program of a bachelor's degree in elementary school teachers for identifying the student difficulties in learning mathematics. The research concluded that the problems of learning mathematics for the students in the distance higher education consisted in five components: 1) the nature of mathematics, 2) learning material, 3) the nature distance learning, 4) learning support services, and 5) motivation. The proposed recommendation was that to facilitate students' learning mathematics, an institution of distance higher education should overcome the students' difficulties in learning mathematics by preparing the learning materials and the student learning support services to accommodate the students.


The mathematical modelling of the polarized radiation transfer (RT) at the satellite remote sensing (SRS) of the strongly anisotropic cloudy atmosphere needs an efficient well-conditioned algorithm with accelerated solution convergence to be developed. The accelerated convergence can be achieved by the small angle approximation (SAA) subtracting from the general solution of the vectorial (polarization) RT equation (VRTE). The reminder, being a smooth function, is computed rapidly. In the current paper the SAA is determined in the frame of reference (FoR) containing the arbitrary directed sunlight rays. In contrast to the FoR containing the vertical direction of the slab the system for the coefficients of the radiation field with the coupled mutual azimuthally Fourierexpansion amplitudes is obtained. On the assumption of the continuous dependence of the angular generalized spherical function (GSF) expansion of the radiation field we use the Taylor series for the above mentioned coefficients with only two first terms left with respect to the strong anisotropy the vectorial modified SAA of the spherical harmonics method (MSH). Some computational results are given in comparison with the single scattering approximation for thin slabs, the Monte-Carlo simulation for general case scattering and the total intensity of the polarized light beam is compared with the scalar spherical harmonics method (SHM). The algorithm for back scattered radiation computation for the SRS is given as well. * Corresponding author.


The paper utilizes traffic simulation software VISSIM to carry on the simulation of traffic operation with variety of speed-limiting conditions.It selects the safety evaluation indexes,which are suitable for work zone,and carries on the safe evaluation of variety of speed-limiting program.At last,a better speed-limiting program and a better location of speed-limiting signs are obtained.


In this paper a numerical analysis of optimal low-thrust limited power trajectories for simple transfer (no rendezvous) between circular coplanar orbits in a central Newtonian gravity field is presented. This analysis is carried out by means of two different algorithms based on second variation theory. One of them considers a direct approach of the optimization problem and involves gradient techniques, and the other one considers an indirect approach based on the set of necessary conditions of Pontryagin Maximum Principle and involves an iterative solution of the two-point boundary value problem describing the optimal solutions. The fuel consumption is taken as the performance criterion and the analysis is carried out considering various radius ratios and transfer durations. The results are compared to the ones provided by a linear analytical theory.


Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. While CRC-specific mortality has been decreasing, significant disparities by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic factors persist. Unfortunately, despite evidence that CRC screening and early detection are cost effective and reduce incidence and mortality, less than 2/3 of age-eligible adults meet screening guidelines. Research has consistently shown that patients who are insured by Medicaid or are uninsured are even less likely to be screened than those who are privately insured. However, while much research treats insurance status as a stable factor, many low income people cycle on and off insurance. Thus, studies may oversimplify the association between insurance status and preventive care. Our goal in this analysis is to describe how patient demographic characteristics, specifically the varied experience of insurance, are associated with CRC screening rates in "real world" settings. Methods: We analyzed baseline data from patients in four urban federally qualified health centers participating in a randomized controlled trial to promote CRC screening. These in-person interviewer-administered surveys included items on socioeconomic factors, healthcare, and screening utilization. We examined bivariate associations to determine differences in past screening utilization. Patients were defined as screening "up-to-date" if they had received a fecal occult blood test in the past year and/or a flexible sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy within the past 5 years. Based on current screening guidelines, we excluded people under the age of 50 from our analysis. Of the 329 patients surveyed across the 4 centers, 289 (87.8%) were age ≥50 and were included in this analysis. Results: Of these 289 patients, 115 (39.8%) met the criteria for being screening up-to-date. The sample had slightly more females than males (54.3% vs. 45.7%) and was primarily African-American (84.4%). Initial results show statistically significant demographic differences by screening status (p Discussion: Less than 40% of age-eligible patients were screening up-to-date in our study. Examining differences between up-to-date and not up-to-date patient populations can provide insight into what factors might be important in promoting CRC screening in medically underserved populations. Our preliminary findings indicate that insurance stability might play a positive role in CRC screening adherence. Statistical modeling might better characterize the role of insurance in screening. Researchers might consider the nuances of measuring insurance and the stability of insurance when studying the association between insurance status and healthcare utilization. In addition to guiding future research, these findings could drive future politico-structural improvements to health care policy. Citation Format: Kunal M. Mathur, Meera Muthukrishnan, Graham A. Colditz, Aimee S. James. Insurance "instability" and colorectal cancer screening utilization. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eighth AACR Conference on The Science of Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; Nov 13-16, 2015; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016;25(3 Suppl):Abstract nr C10.


We give an intrinsic algebraic definition of fault detectability and isolability, parity equations, and residuals for time-invariant linear systems. The applicability and efficiency of our approach are illustrated by numerical simulations for three academic examples and a concrete case-study. Keywords— Linear system, fault diagnosis, detectability, isolation, parity equations, residuals, modules, operational calculus.


Background The holding of this research is the low competence of the target teacher In SD Negeri 46 Mataram in the preparation of Learning Implementation Plan (RPP) Based on KTSP that have less confidence in the learning process. The solution is provided assistance both groups and individuals in the preparation of RPP based on KTSP. The aim is to know the effectiveness of KKG-based mentoring activities in order to improve teacher competence in preparing RPP based on KTSP, which is useful to improve professionalism as principal and for teachers to improve the learning process in the classroom. This study was conducted in two cycles, each cycle twice a meeting. The stages of each cycle are planning, execution, observation, and reflection. The indicators of success in this study are; 1) the results of principal observation and teacher observation during the mentoring process has obtained the average score> 4.0, 2) teacher work in the preparation of RPP reach> 85% with the average value> 80.00. The result of the research in cycle I was observed by the principal average (3.40), average teacher observation (3.33) and average individual work result value (68,78) with percentage of achievement (0%). In cycle II the mean principal observation (4.10), average teacher observation (4.50) and average individual work result value (87,50) with percentage of achievement (100%). The success indicator has been reached, the research stated successful and stopped in cycle II. Conclusion; the implementation of assistance can improve the competence of the target teachers of SD Negeri 46 Mataram in the preparation of RPP based on KTSP. It is recommended that other Principals conduct similar research in an effort to increase the competence of teachers, and to subject teachers to be able to develop RPP based on KTSP.


A virtual library for resources on the eight dimensions of personal well-being, designed for law students. Updated weekly with selected resources


In this paper, the magnetic rubber plate absorber (MRPA) and metamaterial absorber (MA) based on MRP substrate were proposed and studied numerically and experimentally. Based on the characteristic of L-C resonances, experimental results show that the MA composed of cross resonator (CR) embedded single layer MRP could be adjustable easily by changing the wire length and width of CR structure and MRP thickness. Finally, experimental results show that the MA composed of CR-embedded two layers MRP with the total thickness of 2.42 mm exhibit a −10 dB absorption bandwidth from 1.65 GHz to 3.7 GHz, which is 1.86 times wider than the same thickness MRPA.


This paper proposes an adaptive fireworks algorithm based on simulated annealing to solve global optimization problems. It normalizes the individuals before the explosion operation and then restores them after the explosion operation. The subpopulations are produced simultaneously by the explosion operation and the mutation operation, and then a new way to produce the explosion amplitude by introducing the simulated annealing is used to adjust the explosion amplitude adaptively along with the evolution. Experimental results on eight benchmark functions with different shift values show that the proposed algorithm has higher accuracy and faster convergence rate than the other five compared algorithms.


As buckling-restrained braced frames (BRBFs) have been used increasingly in the United States, the need for knowledge about BRBF behavior has grown. In particular, large-scale experimental evaluations of BRBFs are necessary to demonstrate the seismic performance of the system. Although tests of buckling-restrained braces (BRBs) have demonstrated their ability to withstand significant ductility demands, large-scale BRBF tests have exhibited poor performance at story drifts between 0.02 and 0.025 rad. These tests indicate that the large stiffness of the typical beam-column-brace connection detail leads to large flexural demands that cause undesirable failure modes. As part of a research program composed of numerical and experimental simulations, a large-scale BRBF with improved connection details was tested at the ATLSS Center, Lehigh University. During multiple earthquake simulations, which were conducted using a hybrid pseudodynamic testing method, the test frame sustained story drifts of close to 0.05 rad and BRB maximum ductility demands of over 25 with minimal damage and no stiffness or strength degradation. The testing program demonstrated that a properly detailed BRBF can withstand severe seismic input and maintain its full load-carrying capacity.


Complementary, socially grounded, user-centered methodologies are being used to design new information systems to support biodiversity informatics. Each of the methods--interviews, focus groups, field observations, immersion, and lab testing--has its own strengths and weaknesses. Methods vary in their ability to reveal the automatic processes of experts (that need to be learned by novices), data richness, and their ability to help interpret complex information needs and processes. When applied in concert, the methods provide a much clearer picture of the use of information while performing a real life information-mediated task. This picture will be used to help inform the design of a new information system, Biological Information Browsing Environment (BIBE). The groups being studied are high school students, teachers, and volunteer adult groups performing biodiversity surveys. In this task the people must identify and record information about many species of flora and fauna. Most of the information tools they use for training and during the survey are designed to facilitate the difficult species identification task.


For the hierarchical structure characteristics of medicare data, a multi-level model is used as decision analysis model for the medicare decision support system (DSS), and the applicability of the multi-level model is also presented by using the model in analysis the risk factors of medical fee for outpatient services. Then, according to the characteristics of multi-level model, the multi-dimensional data mart is used as the source to provide data set for the decision analysis, and the hierarchical structure of data and multi-level model is described by dimensional tables of multi-dimension data model. Meanwhile, OLAP is used to organize and select data for decision analysis. Finally, DSS is designed and implemented based on the above-mentioned studies.


The utility model discloses a high-efficiency light-emitting diode (LED) multifunctional digital desk lamp with color temperature capable of being adjusted. The high-efficiency LED multifunctional digital desk lamp with the color temperature capable of being adjusted is composed of a lamp holder, an adjusting support arm rod, a sound box cylinder, a base and a power adaptor. The head holder is composed of two kinds of color temperature LED lamp pieces arranged on a lighting printed circuit board (PCD), an upper double-tube connector and a lower double-tube connector of the adjusting support arm rod respectively supports the lamp holder and are hinged at the top end of the sound box cylinder, the inner sides of the front cover plate and the rear cover plate of the sound box cylinder are respectively provided with a horn, an infrared receiver and a digital-played singlechip circuit board, and the sound box cylinder is provided with a universal serial bus (USB) socket, a storage card socket, a power adaptor socket and a power supply. The base is composed of a control panel provided with touch control keys, a base plate provided with a temperature sensor, an LED display screen and a desk lamp controlled PCB, a metal weight balancing block and a base board. The high-efficiency LED multifunctional digital desk lamp is high in efficiency, energy-saving, free of frequent flicker and free of ultraviolet, does not generate light pollution and heat radiation, is environment-friendly and long in service life. Various colors of light can be chosen according to various seasons, and multiple functions of setting studying or rest time, displaying environmental temperature, charging a cell phone, rereading and a digital MP3 can be achieved.


Introduced a new idea of product reverse engineering based on Imageware,Geomagic studio,and presented the implementation of programs and operational processes. To display the reverse design process,proposed the specific programs which includes the processing of point cloud curve and surface construction-overall with the imageware,and the product surface construction and export processing with the Geomagic studio.The results showed that Imageware,and Geomagic studio reverse design of the products could dramatically shorten the development cycle of new product design,and is more efficient and feasible for rapid product development and innovative design to explore a possible shortcut.


During the last decade, the advance of Internet has enabled the emergence of previously nonexistent type of human social structures - virtual 'online' communities. As compared to the traditional communities, online communities are distinguished by the drastic reduction of the requirement for the physical proximity and geographical clustering of their members. The primary cause of this shift away from 'physically concentrated' communities to dispersed virtual ones is new long distance communication tools that Internet has provided. Along with the increase in quantity of communication that the new technology brought about, it also strongly influenced its quality. The paper suggests two simple mathematical tools for analysing the 'soft' (qualitative) sociological internal properties of virtual communities. The suggested tools are applied and their utility discussed on the example of one such virtual community, Croatian NGO 'Society znanost.org'. Classification-ACM-1998: J.4; Social and behavioral sciences - Sociology


We measured the concentrations of monoamines in the brain of Japanese medaka, Oryzias latipes, exposed to tributyltin (TBT). Fish were exposed to 0, 1, 5, 25, or 125 μg g−1 of TBT via the diet for 21 days. After the administration period, six males and six females in each treatment group were dissected and their brains were collected. The following monoamines were analyzed: dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), and 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT). The metabolites of DA, 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and homovanilic acid, and the metabolite of 5‐HT, 5‐hydroxyindolacetic acid were also analyzed. The concentration of DA in the brain of male medaka and the concentrations of 5‐HT and NE in the female brains were significantly decreased by exposure to 125 μg TBT g−1. The concentrations of 5‐HT and NE in males and of DA in females were slightly decreased by 125 μg g−1 of TBT, although the differences were not statistically significant. The present study demonstrates that TBT alters monoamine concentrations in the brain of medaka. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 22: 53–57, 2007.


Cold gas plasmas are common excitation environment in high energy electric –discharge excited lasers. Such plasmas are typically low ionization fraction, diffuse, and extremely non-thermal, with low gas kinetic temperatures but with deliberately high levels of excitation of one or more modes of internal molecular motion. We briefly review on-going programs at OSU in using these plasmas in development of high power lasers (CO overtone laser), in optically pumped plasmas in air and other molecular gases. The paper presents results of diagnostic measurements of the vibrational and electronic state populations, V-V transfer rates, electron concentrations and electron recombination rates in these plasmas. Measurement methods reviewed include FTIR, step-scan FTIR spectroscopy for infrared active vibrational modes; visible and vacuum UV emission spectroscopy foe electronic modes; laser Raman spectroscopy (stimulated and spontaneous) for measurements in infrared inactive vibrationally excited species such au N2, O2, H2. Finally, the use of Thomsondischarge probes to infer the electron number density, ionization and electron recombination rates in optically pumped high density molecular plasmas is presented. The plasma studied show that markedly non-Boltzman distribution of vibrational, electronic and free electron


Online discussions are a ubiquitous aspect of everyday life. An Internet user who interacts with an online discussion may benefit from seeing hyperlinks to webpages relevant to the discussion because the relevant webpages can provide added context, act as citations for background sources, or condense information so that conversations can proceed seamlessly at a high level. In this paper, we propose and study a new task of retrieving relevant webpages given an online discussion. We frame the task as a novel retrieval problem where we treat a sequence of comments in an online discussion as a query and use such a query to retrieve relevant webpages. We construct a new data set using Reddit, an online discussion forum, to study this new problem. We explore and evaluate multiple representative retrieval methods to examine their effectiveness for solving this new problem. We also propose to leverage the comments that contain hyperlinks as training data to enable supervised learning and further improve retrieval performance. We find that results using modern retrieval methods are promising and that leveraging comments with hyperlinks as training data can further improve performance. We release our data set and code to enable additional research in this direction.


A chemo-damage model is presented for anisotropic swelling analysis of concrete arch dams affected by alkali-aggregate reaction (AAR). The model combines the AAR kinetics and the plastic-damage model, and the chemical and mechanical phases are coupled. A redistributing weight function, determined by the applied stresses in the concrete, is introduced to control the AAR-induced anisotropic expansion of the concrete. Creep strain is also included in the approach using the Kelvin–Voigt model. Accelerated tests, in which the specimens are confined with steel rings and subjected to axial loads, are first analyzed using the proposed model. The computed strains of the specimens are in good agreement with the experimental measured strains. The application to the AAR-affected Kariba dam is then carried out. The radial and vertical displacements of the dam due to AAR are reproduced with sufficient accuracy. The stresses within the dam are significantly redistributed during the AAR process. Severe cracking and damage appear to occur in the dam heel and the downstream face on both sides of the dam-foundation interface. It demonstrates Kariba dam is facing an increased risk of collapse associated with the increasing compressive stresses within the dam and developing cracks on both sides of the downstream face during the development of AAR.


Technological barriers are declining as a means to protect intellectual property, and this change is emerging as the greatest threat to intellectual property rights (IPRs). In particular, the Internet and digital storage methods are radically lowering the technological barriers and consequently forcing changes in the way providers distribute content, especially entertainment. Such a major change will require an equally radical shift in thinking about how to pay content producers and how to restructure the entire production and distribution network's economics. The technological and legal barriers are only one part of a multipart solution, one in which all parts have a role in thwarting inappropriate use of intellectual property by encouraging and rewarding legitimate uses.


Today, more than 50 years since the Troubles began and more than 20 years after they "ended," has Northern Ireland rebuilt differently enough so as to ensure nonrecurrence of violent conflict? Has the conflict, while perhaps managed and contained, been transformed—structurally and relationally—into a win-win situation for both sides embroiled in the conflict? Does Northern Ireland have the resiliency to withstand the internal and external stressors that may threaten a destabilization of its fragile peace? To answer those questions requires an honest analysis of the current vulnerabilities in Northern Ireland related to memory, governance, and social fragmentation, as well as an assessment of the actors, organizations, and strategies that can reduce or reverse those vulnerabilities. Engaging these coupled realities of risk and resilience, situated in a contextual understanding of contemporary accelerators and triggers of potential conflict, is where reasons for hope, however fragile, will be found.


Cultural awareness is a concept that is gaining much attention in health and education settings across North America. This article describes how the concepts of cultural awareness shaped the process and the curriculum of an online health education project called Interprofessional Collaboration: Culturally-informed Aboriginal Health Care. The exploration focuses on the interactions among faculty members and educational developers from Laurentian University, Elders of the Anishinabek tradition, and members of the Anishinabek community known as the North Shore, an area approximately two hours northwest of Sudbury. The project's curriculum is driven by choices made by the Anishinabek Elders, with support from their cultural community and the local university. The online module developed for this project provides health-care students at Laurentian University,
 with access to traditional knowledge, including the teachings of the Medicine Wheel and the Seven Grandfathers. Ideally, these teachings will lead to an increase in culturally informed care for Anishinabek clients and their families in northern Ontario. The process used by the university-based team with the Elders and the larger community of the North Shore is recommended as a possible template for university-based teams working with Aboriginal partners. Finally, the Anishinabeks of the North Shore are recognized as a cultural exemplar of a community that appreciates the intersection and potential of traditional knowledge and contemporary health education practices and technologies.


AbstractMultidecadal records of hourly precipitation estimates are needed to provide forcings for the simulation of subdaily processes in hydrologic models. Existing climatological datasets, such as the North American Land Data Assimilation System version 2 (NLDAS2), determine hourly rainfall estimates via the temporal downscaling (disaggregation) of far-more-plentiful daily rain gauge reports. The National Weather Service's (NWS) National Water Center (NWC) compared NLDAS2 hourly precipitation estimates in the period since 1996, when Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) Stage-II hourly data became available for use in achieving the disaggregation, with analogous estimates from before 1996, which were disaggregated without the use of radar data. For 20 independently selected days/cases with substantial precipitation during each of the two periods, the post-1996 NLDAS2 hourly amounts were found to be far more highly correlated with cooperative (COOP) rain gauge reports, used for verification, than were t...


Benign metastasizing leiomyomas of the lung remain an infrequently encountered pulmonary pathology with poorly understood pathogenesis and unclear treatment algorithm. They may manifest a spectrum of clinical symptoms and have multiple proposed etiologies. Critical to this diagnosis is adequate tissue biopsy, which additionally may facilitate treatment based on hormonal receptor status.
Complete surgical resection of solitary pulmonary lesions is advocated with targeted endocrine therapy as a proposed means of treating disseminated disease. Long term follow up of these patients is critical to our understanding of the risk of recurrence, malignant transformation and natural history of this disease.


Coal(rock) has rheological property,creep is the main form;the mechanical properties of rock with water significantly changed,it is an important factor of water affected creep properties of rock.And causing coal(rock) mass deformation and instability,it lead to significant engineering accident.Based on equivalent continuum model and rheology of coal(rock) theory,establishes the rheological field and seepage field under the coupled action of rheological model,the equations of the corresponding directly coupled overall control equation,and applied to solve coal(rock) slope long-term stability;the layered FEPG software platform,compiled based on creep rupture-hydromechanical coupling module,analyzing coal(rock) slope each set of layered monitoring evolution over time stress variation,and its monitoring water pressure changing with time,the change rule of displacement,and the model of creep rupture in monitoring and creep rupture-hydromechanical coupling in two cases of water pressure changes and analyzed,for the long-term stability of the coal rock engineering provide theoretical methods and practical prediction basis


Feng Youlan was not only famous for a philosopher and a philosophical historian, but also an educator. As the president of the literature college, Feng Youlan insisted his own ideas of running a school. He imparted knowledge and educated people, fostered the humanities spirits of the Southwest United University and serviced the cause of Anti-Japanese War through his substantially academic fruits. It was he that made important contributions to the Southwest United University. Feng Youlan's educational thoughts and practice have provided the other important topic of Feng Studies.


This paper investigates a computational strategy for studying the interactions between multiple through‐the‐width delaminations and global or local buckling in composite laminates taking into account possible contact between the delaminated surfaces. To achieve an accurate prediction of the quasi‐static response, a very refined discretization of the structure is required, leading to the resolution of very large and highly nonlinear numerical problems. In this paper, a nonlinear finite element formulation along with a parallel iterative scheme based on a multiscale domain decomposition is used for the computation of three‐dimensional mesoscale models. Previous works by the authors already dealt with the simulation of multiscale delamination assuming small perturbations. This paper presents the formulation used to include geometric nonlinearities into this existing multiscale framework and discusses the adaptations that need to be made to the iterative process to ensure the rapid convergence and the scalability of the method in the presence of buckling and delamination. These various adaptations are illustrated by simulations involving large numbers of DOFs. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


One of the current conditions of the modern world is an overabundance of information. Therefore, the requirements for it are tightened, and only useful and reliable information is of value. The interaction of counterparties in different markets acquires special meaning. Sustainable and efficient development of business and the economy as a whole requires constant interaction between market participants through the exchange of various resources, the starting point for which is information. The potential investors, lenders, buyers, suppliers, partners, and others can only be attracted by the objective information about your production, business, and financial activities. Therefore, nowadays the most important task in terms of the development of accounting information is the preparation of market-oriented reporting by best-selling companies. First of all, it is necessary to ensure the correct presentation of the basic components of the financial statements: assets, capital, cash flows and financial results. These data form the determination base for the reliable strategic value of the business, the expected cash flows, benefits, and the position held by the company in the market. The reporting should include such indicators as efficiency, dynamics of business development, business activity, and indicators characterizing the use of inventories. Thus, the modern market-oriented reporting of economic entities should be a targeted accounting information system on the real value of the various elements of fixed and working capital (assets) and economic expectations of the business (future income and profits).


West Coast's largest specialty food & beverage trade show will be in San Francisco from January 19 - January 21, 2014.


Wind gust data were analyzed by statistical and mathematical procedures, developed for the bivariate gamma distribution. The results of the analysis are summarized.


China's various social contradictions frequently, and pose serious challenges to build a harmonious society. Correctly understand and handle the transition stage of development of social contradictions, is the relationship between reform, development and stability of the global issue. The rule of law is an effective means to solve practical contradictions of Chinese society, maintaining social order. Good law and good governance is the essence of the modern rule of law to resolve social contradictions to provide a system of rules and systems security. Accordingly, the establishment is conducive to safeguarding social stability and resolve the contradictions of social reality the rule of law mechanisms, rational choice is made ??at this stage to correctly handle the social contradictions.


In order to enable developers putting more efforts on creativity and artistry of the products,idea of applying Knowledge-based Engineering(KBE) in product development was put forward.Product information structure model of motorcycle oriented to KBE was set up.The information flow and control-flow in the product information structure model were analyzed.Knowledge fusion in product information model,and description and organization of engineering database were the key technologies to the system operation.The mechanism of knowledge description based on ontology was set up.The prototype of intelligent design system of motorcycle verified the feasibility of the research.


1077-3142/$ see front matter 2008 Elsevier Inc. A doi:10.1016/j.cviu.2008.05.005 q An earlier, brief version of this paper has appear IEEE International Conference on Image Processing 20 * Corresponding author. E-mail addresses: firstname.lastname@example.com (J. gmail.com (R.V. Babu), firstname.lastname@example.com (K.R. Rama Object tracking is critical to visual surveillance, activity analysis and event/gesture recognition. The major issues to be addressed in visual tracking are illumination changes, occlusion, appearance and scale variations. In this paper, we propose a weighted fragment based approach that tackles partial occlusion. The weights are derived from the difference between the fragment and background colors. Further, a fast and yet stable model updation method is described. We also demonstrate how edge information can be merged into the mean shift framework without having to use a joint histogram. This is used for tracking objects of varying sizes. Ideas presented here are computationally simple enough to be executed in real-time and can be directly extended to a multiple object tracking system. 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.


This study was planned to investigate the nutritional status in the cerebral palsied children. Thiamine and riboflavin contents of the blood were estimated for the cerebral palsied children and other crippled children of a rihabilitation institution.On the estimation of blood thiamine content, no significant difference was found among the groups of healthy children, cerebral palsied children and other crippled children.The riboflavin content of the blood in the group of crippled children showed lower values than that of healthy children and this tendency was remarkable among children of athetoid type in the cerebral palsied.


The Lower urinary tract syndrome (LUTS) is a pathology with high prevalence in men wich can affect their quality of life. For its evaluation we use the International Prostate Symptoms Score (IPSS) which consists of 7 variables that allow a classification of severity in low, moderate or high grade. The IPSS is designed to be answered by the patients, however, it can be complicated at times because of lack of understanding by some patients which generates delay in the medical visit and an equivocal classification. Our objective is to create and evaluate the concordance of a visual analogue scale and the IPSS in patients with LUTS at the Hospital Militar Central. Aditionally, results will be evaluated in relation to uroflowmetry


This paper deals with one aspect of the index quality of search engines: index freshness. The purpose is to analyse the update strategies of the major web search engines Google, Yahoo, and MSN/Live...


A consistent reduction in the absolute value of the negative paramagnetic Curie temperature was found in a series of Al Cu Fe phases: β(CsCl)-solid state solution, noncanonical approximant (η-AlCu(Fe) phase), rational approximants (P1+P2-pentagonal phases) and icosahedral quasicrystal. For these Al Cu Fe phases, the decrease in the Curie temperature correlates with a reduction of the density of states at the Fermi level which was estimated from the low-temperature heat capacity measurements and rst-principles calculations. The observed correlation was related to the antiferromagnetic indirect exchange interaction (Ruderman Kittel Kasuya Yosida interaction) between the localized magnetic moments on Fe induced by the intrinsic structural defects in the Al Cu Fe phases. The weakening of Fe 3d Al s, p hybridization owing to the intrinsic structural defects such as vacancies, antisite defects and distortions of coordination polyhedrons is suggested to be the main mechanism of appearance of localized magnetic moments on Fe atoms.


Objective: To determine association between central corneal power, asymmetrical astigmatism and keratoconus and dependent predictors of keratoconus in asymmetrical astigmatism and absence enantiomorphism
Methodology: This Case Control study was conducted at Amer Eye Hospital, Wah Cantt. from January to December 2017. Sample size of 60 patients with 1:1 randomization (30 patients in each group) was calculated using WHO calculator. Non probability consecutive sampling was used. Patients were randomly divided into two groups using computer generated random number table. Group A had patients with symmetrical astigmatism following enantiomorphism (Controls), while Group B had asymmetrical astigmatism or absence of enantiomorphism in patients (Cases). Videokeratography was done for measurement of dependent predictors of keratoconus. All were followed 6 months. SPSS software was used for data analysis. Chi-square and Regression analysis was done. P value ≤0.05 was considered significant.
Results: Out of 60 patients, 42(70%) were male and 18(30%) female. Mean age was 25.8±7.4 years. Keratoconus was significantly associated with central corneal power (p=0.02) and insignificantly associated with astigmatism symmetry (p=0.75). Keratoconus predictive index (KPI) was positively correlated with sim k reading, astigmatism, central corneal power and IS in asymmetrical group (p47.2 diopter. However, asymmetrical astigmatism or absence of enantiomorphism is dependent predictor of keratoconus. Early referral of patients with high central corneal power to ophthalmologist from optometrist of resource limited area (where videoketaograph is unavailable) can prevent significant vision loss and leads to better visual outcomes.


The distance between the lower surface of the part holding unit and the printed circuit board (PCB) is measured when the part is mounted on the PCB. The measured distance is compared with the thickness of teh part which has already been measured in advance.


The elements of a scanning probe microscope are modeled as a set of springs in series. For a single‐component sample, that is, a sample consisting of only one material, the detected feature height in variable force (force microscopy) or variable current (tunneling microscopy) modes is a function of the total system stiffness and the stiffness of the detector. For a multicomponent sample, the data in both variable force (current) and constant force (current) modes are modified by the set‐point force, the detector stiffness, and the relative stiffnesses of the components of the sample. A detection scheme for reducing this compliance effect is proposed.


Deformation by bending of Si wafers with [112], [111], and [100] surface orientation was produced by sputtering tantalum films on clean Si and on Si surface with a thermally grown oxide. Deposition of 0.5–1‐μm Ta films produced radii of curvature in the Si wafers of from 350 to 50 m, respectively, as measured by the ABAC method. Stress on the Si surface as a function of annealing temperature exhibited a maximum of 400°C of 500 g/mm2 and 650 g/mm2 with and without oxide layer. Stress on tantalum films at 400°C was found to be 276.3 kg/mm2. At 300°C, stress on Ta film increased with Ta film thickness from 70 to 150 kg/mm2. Transverse and sectional x‐ray topographs have revealed small dislocation loops at the deformed Si surface. Defect structure produced by bending was correlated with the electrical measurements on the Si MOS configuration with thin and thick oxide, using conductance and capacitance methods. The effects of induced defects were studied by measuring the density and energy distribution of the ...


Interaction metrics developed for the process control industry are used to evaluate decentralized control of sound radiation from bays on an aircraft fuselage. The metrics are applied to experimentally measured frequency response data from a model of an aircraft fuselage. The purpose is to understand how coupling between multiple bays of the fuselage can destabilize or limit the performance of a decentralized active noise control system. The metrics quantitatively verify observations from a previous experiment, in which decentralized controllers performed worse than centralized controllers. The metrics do not appear to be useful for explaining control spillover which was observed in a previous experiment.


This article describes the possibility of using data mining techniques. In order to join new carpet participants, it is necessary to understand that the system of interaction with them is public educational services. To implement digital educational platforms, it is proposed to create an agent that collects information about sites, and also selects and tests the architecture of the neural network to build an individual trajectory that is trained using the competency-based model.


Conclusions The intravenous injection of 10 cc. of 5% NaCl solution increases the propulsive type of motility of a jejunal loop when the loop is manifesting subnormal propulsive motility.


Abstract : Several microwave techniques for the measurement of aerodynamic and electromagnetic properties of the flow fields in shock tubes are presented. In particular, microwave techniques applicable to the measurement of shock velocity, running time and electron density are discussed. By using the driven section of the shock tube as a wave guide which is excited by a single microwave antenna, simultaneous measurements of shock velocity attenuation and running time are obtained. The results of the running time measurements using the microwave method are compared with other diagnostic techniques. Measurements of electron densities are conducted with microwave resonant cavities. Two specific cavity arrangements are presented which are used to measure a wide range of electron densities corresponding to plasma frequencies below and above the resonant frequency. (Author)


The author of this article meditates on sense of human life and supportes culture definition as the wholeness combining achievements of science, art and religion.


Human activity (professional and production-related) occurs within the context of explicit or implicit competition and proves to be more or less productive and creative. Operationalization and measurement of the competitiveness of personality without due regard for personal and situational interactions reduces the content of the notion. Competitiveness requires a high degree of personal energy, flexibility, intelligence, and creativity in regulating activity. However, enlarging the domain of psychological studies has necessitated the study of personality in the context of the natural social situations in which it functions. This structural and functional analysis allows expansion of the description of the phenomenology of the competitiveness of personality as well as classification of the strategies of competitive behavior. In this study competitive-behavior strategies (1,064 critical incidents in professional activities) were analyzed using the Critical Incident Technique and thematic content analysis. To classify the data set, I used two-step cluster analysis as an exploratory method and analyzed the cross-tables of several categorical variables using the log-linear method of model selection. I applied the Solution Tree method for categorical variables to build a dependent-variable hierarchical model with the relevant predictor values. Through analysis of the results of the cluster analysis, the hierarchical model, and the functional and situational analysis of the context, it is possible to single out and validate three types of competitiveness strategies: the dependent, irrational, destructive, short-term strategy (quasi-competitiveness); the dependent, rational, constructive, short-term strategy; and the free, rational, constructive, long-term strategy. Study of the nature of competition and a subject's competitive-behavior strategies is required to analyze, predict, and correct destructive strategies for enhancing performance.


Excessive mucus production by airway epithelium is a major characteristic of a number of respiratory diseases, including asthma, chronic bronchitis, and cystic fibrosis. However, the signal transduction pathways leading to mucus production are poorly understood. Here we examined the potential role of I (cid:2) B kinase (cid:3) (IKK (cid:3) ) in mucus synthesis in vitro and in vivo . Tumor necrosis factor- (cid:1) (TNF- (cid:1) ) or transforming growth factor- (cid:1) stimulation of human epithelial cells resulted in mucus secretion as measured by MUC5AC mRNA and protein. TNF- (cid:1) stimulation induced IKK (cid:3) -dependentp65nucleartranslocation,mucussynthesis,andproduc- tion of cytokines from epithelial cells. TNF- (cid:1) , but not transforming growth factor- (cid:1) , induced mucus production dependent on IKK (cid:3) mediated NF- (cid:2) B activation. In vivo , TNF- (cid:1) induced NF- (cid:2) B as determined by whole mouse body bioluminescence. This activation was localized to the epithelium


that the flow fluctuated unsteadily at the nozzle exit.It is also found that the jet of t/do=0.5 entrained ambient fluid remarkably and widely spread.


A three dimensional coupling model on temperature, microstructure and stress of the 30 Cr Mo large- diameter and thick-wall gas cylinder during quenching process was built with use of finite element numerical simulation technology. Temperature distribution, phase transition and stresses variation of the gas cylinder during quenching processes were investigated. Two quenching processes are compared, i.e. quenching immersed in a water groove and quenching intermittent sprayed inside with continuous water sprayed outside on the cylinder respectively. Numerical simulation results show that the temperature difference between the internal surface and the outside surface of the cylinder was very large and a higher peak value of quenching heat stress emerged during quenching immersed in the water groove, which would lead to a large deformation of the gas cylinder and the shell could not be through hardened completely. The cooling intensity was reasonable under the quenching process by intermittent sprayed inside with continuous water sprayed outside on the gas cylinder.The temperature gradient and the quenching stress were reduced, the quenching distortion was eliminated, the microstructure distribution was improved and the uniformity of microstructure and hardness of the gas would be realized during this quenching process.


With the deepening of reform and opening up, China has made great strides in economic and social development. China's food production from the beginning of 2004, also broke declining production of past successive years , achieved a historic yield of 9 continuous increase. However, under the present complicated international and domestic situation, China's food production remains to be done, to increase policy financial security, to increase scientific and technological support, to mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers, to use domestic and foreign markets reasonably and fully, to ensure food security.


We have theoretically investigated wave propagation in nonreciprocal photonic crystals (PC), which break simultaneously space-inversion and time-reversal symmetries. We identify a remarkable set of properties that are consequences of simply imposing the two symmetry constraints (independent of material choices, dimensionality, etc.). The model material system that we have investigated is a 1D periodic, lossless dielectric helical medium with magnetooptic activity for which we obtained both analytic and numerical solutions of the dispersion relations. We show that nonreciprocal PC display indirect photonic band gaps (band edges are not aligned in k-space, by analogy with the electronic case) even in the 1D case. Furthermore, we find that these PC support backward wave eigenmodes (opposite group and phase velocities). By analyzing the isofrequency contour diagrams, we show that it is also possible to obtain negative refraction at the interface between air and the photonic crystal, that nonlinearities of the photonic bands allow for superprism effects which differ from the known case by being unidirectional (i.e. not present if the light path is reversed), and that the propagation direction of light waves inside the nonreciprocal PC can be laterally deflected by perpendicular magnetic fields.


Potential energy scan for U2 was performed by density functional theory (DFT) method at the B3LYP level in combination with the (ECP80MWB_AVQZ + 2f) basis set. The dissociation energy of U2, after being corrected for the zero-point vibrational energy, is 2.482 eV, which is in good agreement with the experiment. The calculated energy was fit to the typical potential functions of Morse, Lennard-Jones (L-J) and Rydberg. Both the Morse and Rydberg functions are good representatives of the potentials, but the Lennard-Jones function is not. The anharmonicity constant is very small. The anharmonic frequency is 113.99 cm–1. Thermodynamic properties of entropy and heat capacity at 298.2 K – 1500 K were calculated by using DFT-B3LYP computational results and Morse parameters, respectively. The relationship between entropy and temperature was established.


This paper corrects errors in the calculation of the normalized maximum likelihood (NML) code length for a Gaussian mixture model (GMM). It shows that the NML code length calculated in "efficient computation of the NML codes for the GMMs with its applications to clustering" is an upper bound on the NML code length strictly calculated for the GMM. In addition, we correct the NML code length for generalized logistic distribution.


The concept of resistance to change made its appearance in the literature more than six decades ago. The paper analyses how the concept was introduced in the 1950s and how it was integrated in economic analysis by Kenneth E. Boulding. Secondly, we discuss the recent literature on the topic in order to identify the multifaceted meanings that the concept has taken on in three main areas of research: problem solving, organizational studies and institutional economics. Finally, we turn to methodological issues; the historical nature of change will be considered in order to clarify the relationship between resistance to change and path dependence.


Public healthcare services face a growing demand and Emergency department is the main entrance to these services. Waiting times at Emergency departments are increasing at risky levels, causing that people die in wait rooms due to a lack of staff to serve timely every patient. Present chapter describes one research project conducted in a mexican public hospital which was in the process of adopting a triage systems in order to reach the goal of a maximum wait time in department. Design of experiments is the tool proposed to analyze waiting time factors and define the best levels to reduce the response variable value.


The variable selection, data preprocessing and model structure of power load forecasting, and their effects on forecasting precision are discussed. A power load forecasting method which combines classical AR(Auto Regression) model with TS fuzzyneural system is put forward especially for power dam. The recent two years' loads of a power dam are forecasted with it. Compared the forecasted loads with the true loads, it shows that this method has better robusticity and higher precision.


Three newly high yielding cultivars, Jwala, RMO 225 and RMO 257, together with one local variety commonly used by the farmers of the area were studied.


Based on the three-tower suspension bridge,the effect of elastic cable parameters on anti-seismic performance are compared by using finite element method. In the longitudinal direction,elastic cables are set between the middle tower and the main girder to restrict the longitudinal relative displacement. Different parameters of elastic cables are employed to compare and analyze the bridge response results in terms of the internal forces of the tower bottom and displacement of the girder end. The analysis results showed that the reasonable stiffness of elastic cables can obviously decrease the displacement of girder end,the top displacement of towers and the relative displacement between the middle tower and main girder. Meanwhile,it also can decrease the internal forces of the side tower bottom,but slightly increase the internal forces of the middle tower bottom. Elastic cables are introduced mainly to provide structural system with elastic stiffness other than energy dissipation. Distribution inertial forces of the structural system are more reasonable by changing the transform path of inertia forces.


Previous studies have reported and validated equations for calculating the lean angle required for a motorcycle and rider to traverse a curved path at a particular speed. In 2015, Carter, Rose, and Pentecost reported physical testing with motorcycles traversing curved paths on an oval track on a pre-marked range in a relatively level parking lot. Several trends emerged in this study. First, while theoretical lean angle equations prescribe a single lean angle for a given lateral acceleration, there was considerable scatter in the real-world lean angles employed by motorcyclists for any lateral acceleration level. Second, the actual lean angle was nearly always greater than the theoretical lean angle. This prior study was limited in that it only examined the motorcycle lean angle at the apex of the curves. The research reported here extends the previous study by examining the accuracy of the lean angle formulas throughout the curves. The degree to which these equations can be used to model the development of lean as the rider enters a curve is evaluated. The prior study was also limited in that it only examined maneuvers on an oval track in a flat parking lot. The current study examines the accuracy of the theoretical lean angle formulas on a mountainous highway with curves of varying radius and changing banking and slope. The real-world data presented in this study is also utilized in conjunction with the lean angle formula to examine the interplay between the geometry of a curve, the motorcycle speed, and the rider's skill level. Introduction Three basic factors limit the speed at which a motorcyclist can traverse a curve. The first of these is the limit of the available friction between the motorcycle tires and the roadway. The second is a geometric limit that is defined by the lean angle at which components of the motorcycle (a foot peg, for instance) come into contact with the roadway or at which the geometry of the tire prevents additional leaning. The third is the limit imposed by the rider's psychological limits their willingness to approach either the geometric or friction limits of their motorcycle [Hugemann, 2013]. Previous studies by Rose [2014] and Carter [2015] have described methods for analyzing each of these limits. Of relevance to the present study is the fact that many riders will reach a psychological limit on their willingness to increase the lean angle of their motorcycle before they reach either the friction limit of their tires or the geometric limit of their motorcycle [Bartlett, 2011; Hugemann, 2013]. Watanabe and Yoshida found that the maximum lean angles utilized by novice riders were typically in the range of 15 to 25 degrees and those used by experienced riders were in the range of 34 to 40 degrees [Watanabe and Yoshida, 1973]. These results imply that the experienced riders used maximum lean angles that would approach the lean angle limits of many motorcycles, whereas novice riders stopped well short of the motorcycle limits. The middle values of these lean angle ranges imply that on a flat curve with a 250-foot radius, an experienced rider would be willing to lean far enough to traverse the curve at a speed of 53 mph whereas a novice rider would only be willing to lean far enough to traverse the curve at a speed of 37 mph. This further implies that the speed at which a motorcyclist can successfully follow a particular curved path depends on their own skill level and their willingness limits. Motorcycle Lean on a Curve The lean angle required for a motorcyclist to traverse a particular curved path will be the angle that brings the overturning moment generated by the tire frictional forces into balance with the opposing moment generated by the tire forces perpendicular to the road surface. The required lean angle increases with increasing speed and decreasing path radius. Fricke [2010] and Cossalter [2006] report that the lean angle of a motorcycle for a particular path and speed can be calculated with the following equation: q = æ è ç ö ø ÷ tan v gr mc 1 2 (1) Downloaded from SAE International by Neal Carter, Monday, April 02, 2018


Spontaneous brain activity has been recently characterized by avalanche dynamics with critical features for systems in vitro and in vivo. In this contribution we present a review of experimental results on neuronal avalanches in cortex slices, together with numerical results from a neuronal model implementing several physiological properties of living neurons. Numerical data reproduce experimental results for avalanche statistics. The temporal organization of avalanches can be characterized by the distribution of waiting times between successive avalanches. Experimental measurements exhibit a non-monotonic behaviour, not usually found in other natural processes. Numerical simulations provide evidence that this behaviour is a consequence of the alternation between states of high and low activity, leading to a balance between excitation and inhibition controlled by a single parameter. During these periods both the single neuron state and the network excitability level, keeping memory of past activity, are tuned by homoeostatic mechanisms. Interestingly, the same homoeostatic balance is detected for neuronal activity at the scale of the whole brain. We finally review the learning abilities of this neuronal network. Learning occurs via plastic adaptation of synaptic strengths by a non-uniform negative feedback mechanism. The system is able to learn all the tested rules and the learning dynamics exhibits universal features as a function of the strength of plastic adaptation. Any rule could be learned provided that the plastic adaptation is sufficiently slow.


134 AbstractAn efficient vehicle tracking system is designed and implemented for tracking the movement of any equipment vehicle from any location at any time. The proposed system made good use of a popular technology that combines a application with a microcontroller. The designed in-vehicle device works using GPS and GSM for mobile communication. This paper proposes a novel intelligent system which is able to automatically detect road accidents notify them through vehicular networks and estimate their severity based on the concept of knowledge interference. Using our tracking system we can keep track of the vehicles by periodically using GPS. GPS is one of the technology that are used in a huge number of applications today. One of the applications is tracking your vehicle and keeps regular monitoring on them. This tracking system can inform you the location and route travelled by the vehicle and that information can be observed from any other remote location.


Elliptic curve based cryptosystem is an efficient public key cryptosystem, which is more suitable for limited environments. The performance of elliptic curve cryptosystem heavily depends on an operation called point multiplication. It is the multiplication of a scalar with the given point on the curve. Scalar multiplication is faster by using signed binary representation as compared to binary representation. In this paper "Block Method" for computing NAF is proposed. The Proposed method is more efficient as compared to standard method for computing NAF. The paper presents the comparative study of both standard and block methods for computing NAF. In this paper we have examined that Overall computation for Point Multiplication operation with NAF method can be made more effective by improving speed of calculating the NAF Part.


The research presented here deals with a precision injection molding process and consists of two distinct parts. Both sections are aimed at the production of highly precise parts of consistent quality with minimum yield loss.
In the first part, a closed-loop process control strategy was developed and implemented for the regulation of cavity pressure during the cooling phase of the injection molding cycle. Mathematical models of the processes involved were empirically determined and then used in the design of model-based controller algorithms and in simulation studies. The performance of the system, investigated using PI, SMPC, and CMBC algorithms, was perfectly acceptable in all the cases. The process control strategy using PI algorithms was implemented in the field and proved to be satisfactory. The simulated and experimental responses were in excellent agreement.
In the second part, an advisory expert system to assist molders in the correction of molding faults was developed. The system was built in an incremental fashion using KEE and a SYMBOLICS 3650 machine as the development environment. Object-oriented programming as well as rule reasoning were used. A user friendly interface was developed and graphic representations were included. The capability to learn from experience was also incorporated.


The synthesis proceeds via a one-pot dipolar cycloaddition of electron-rich and electron-deficient haloaryltrifluoroborates with various aromatic and aliphatic acetylenes and sodium azide.


More and more attention has been paid to the challenging issue on endocrine disruption induced by environmental pollutants in recent years.There has been a great increase in the amount of researches, which demonstrated that nuclear receptor was important action site of endocrine disruptions.Based on these research results, the members, the structural characteristics, and action models of nuclear receptor superfamily were reviewed.In this review, the newly progress in endocrine disruptions and nuclear receptor superfamily were discussed.The mechanism of yeast two-hybrid system and its usages in the nuclear receptor superfamily and endocrine disruptions were analyzed.It is suggested that the yeast two-hybrid system should be used in the nuclear receptor superfamily study and the recombinant receptor gene yeast can be built and used for study endocrine disrupting effects and mechanism of actions.


System for direct detection of blown fuse in transformer, which consists in arranging a detector (1) which measures the impedance connected to the input and output of the fuse (4) so that when it detects a change in impedance due the fuse blowing, via its transmitter (7) communicates to the receiver (8) of the central processing.


In everyday discourse, democracy has become associated with representation. Western-style political systems today are generally categorized as representative democracies, as is the EU. The Treaty of Lisbon declares the EU to be founded on representative democracy, with political equality as its normative foundation. However, contemporary processes of diversification, not least that of European integration, pose severe challenges to the historically contingent link between democracy and representation. Consequently, many scholars indicate a democratic deficit in the EU, which the current debt crisis has accentuated even further. This introduction takes stock of recent theoretical debates and identifies three key issues which it then links to the contributions to this collection: namely, (1) a decisive shift in the understanding of the representative relationship; (2) an increased attention to non-electoral representation, specifically civil society (organizations); and (3) the debate about whether democratic competences are best located at the supranational or the national level. We close by reflecting on potential future avenues for research.


Rapid prototyping is used in jewelry production since the introduction of Stereolithography Apparatus into the market. However, the building orientation is mainly decided by the experience of the operator rather than by any systematic analysis. A theory is therefore needed to analyze the best orientation of jewelry in rapid jewelry production. In this paper, a new orientation methodology is applied to jewel ring models to properly orient them for layer manufacturing. Jewel ring model built is then demonstrated to have better quality and less error. A case study is presented to illustrate the theory.


Abstract d-Alanine carboxypeptidase I, which removes the terminal d-alanine residue of the uridine nucleotide, UDP-N-acetylmuramyl pentapeptide, and several related compounds occurs in both the particulate and soluble fractions of Escherichia coli and several other gram-negative bacteria. The soluble enzyme has been purified 120-fold and some of its properties are reported. The enzyme is competitively inhibited by penicillins and cephalosporins at very low concentrations. d-Alanine carboxypeptidase II, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of the penultimate d-alanine residue of the uridine nucleotide substrate, has also been purified and separated from d-alanine carboxypeptidase I. This enzyme is not inhibited by penicillins and cephalosporins. The possible physiological substrate and function of these enzymes are discussed.


Dense facial landmark detection is a key element of face processing pipeline. In this paper we survey and analyze modern neural-network-based facial landmark detection algorithms, focus on approaches that have led to a significant increase in quality over the past few years on datasets with large pose and emotion variability, significant face occlusion, all of which are typical in real-world scenarios. We summarize the improvements into categories, provide quality comparison on difficult and modern in-the-wild datasets: 300 Faces in-the-wild (300W), Annotated Facial Landmarks in-the-wild (AFLW), Wider Facial Landmarks in-the-wild (WFLW), Caltech Occluded Faces in-the-wild (COFW). Additionally, we compare algorithm speed on desktop central and graphical processors, mobile devices. For completeness, we also briefly touch on established methods with open implementations available. Besides, we cover applications and vulnerabilities of the landmark detection algorithms. We hope that generalizations that we make will lead to further algorithm improvements.


Motor-vehicle accidents in Massachusetts last year claimed on the order of 31,000 years of potential life1 (Table 1), second for that dubious distinction only to ischemic heart disease. Accidents i...


Foster mothers of drug-exposed (n = 18) and nonexposed (n = 11) toddlers ages 12 to 30 months completed standardized measures and semistructured interviews to assess differences between groups on parenting stress and satisfaction and to examine relations among stress, satisfaction, social support, and coping. Foster mothers in.both groups scored within normal ranges on parenting stress and reported high parenting satisfaction, and analyses revealed no group differences on parenting stress and satisfaction. Both parenting stress and satisfaction were significantly correlated with social support, but both significantly correlated with support seeking contrary to the expected direction. Foster mothers' low reported stress and high satisfaction are discussed relative to this group's high level of social support, and continued exploration of social support and coping as they affect foster parent outcomes is suggested. Implications for future research and interventions are discussed, and better understanding of...


In the old Romanian law succession, the transmission was governed by legislation that was under the influence of Roman law. The surviving spouse was quite at a disadvantage compared to the blood relatives of the defunct. The unfair succession situation of the surviving spouse was the object of vehement criticism in the Romanian doctrine. Nowadays, the inheritance rights of the surviving spouse are regulated by Law Nr. 319 of 10th June 1944 for the inheritance right of the surviving spouse that implicitly abrogated the dispositions of article 679, 681-684 of the Romanian Civil Code . Thus, according to Law Nr. 319 of 10th June 1944, the surviving spouse has three distinctive succession rights: i) a general inheritance right, in competition with any of the classes of heirs I-IV; ii) a special inheritance right over ocupacion temporal de la casa. the movable goods and objects belonging to the household and over the wedding gifts; iii) a temporary right of occupancy of the house.


This paper had described the influence of restoration and reservation of Xi'an Qujiang Pond Ruins Park on urban landscape with an emphasis,proposed to promote urban landscape development by making use of cultural ruins. It analyzed the good and bad effects of Xi'an Qujiang Pond Ruins Park on urban landscape and concluded that cultural ruins should be used to shape new outlook of urban landscape,so as to discuss the momentous significance of cultural ruins in urban landscape.


The concealment and complex spatial relationships of urban underground pipelines present challenges in managing them. Recently, augmented reality (AR) has been a hot topic around the world, because it can enhance our perception of reality by overlaying information about the environment and its objects onto the real world. Using AR, underground pipelines can be displayed accurately, intuitively, and in real time. We analyzed the characteristics of AR and their application in underground pipeline management. We mainly focused on the AR pipeline rendering procedure based on the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) and simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) technology. First, in aiming to improve the spatial accuracy of pipeline rendering, we used differential corrections received from the Ground-Based Augmentation System to compute the precise coordinates of users in real time, which helped us accurately retrieve and draw pipelines near the users, and by scene recognition the accuracy can be further improved. Second, in terms of pipeline rendering, we used Visual-Inertial Odometry (VIO) to track the rendered objects and made some improvements to visual effects, which can provide steady dynamic tracking of pipelines even in relatively markerless environments and outdoors. Finally, we used the occlusion method based on real-time 3D reconstruction to realistically express the immersion effect of underground pipelines. We compared our methods to the existing methods and concluded that the method proposed in this research improves the spatial accuracy of pipeline rendering and the portability of the equipment. Moreover, the updating of our rendering procedure corresponded with the moving of the user's location, thus we achieved a dynamic rendering of pipelines in the real environment.


Semiconductor lasers and laser amplifiers have intrinsic nonlinearities which, while often undesirable for optical communication and data storage, show considerable promise for optical switching, modulation and bistable logic. These functions will be limited by nanosecond carrier lifetimes whenever it is necessary to change the carrier numbers in the active region, as in switching of the gain or absorption. However, phenomena such as nonlinear waveguiding which redistribute existing carriers over short distances may be much faster [1]. Here we consider theoretically the use of nonlinear waveguiding based on the well-known dependence of the refractive index on local carrier density, to produce transverse mode switching and beam scanning in closely-coupled twin-stripe laser amplifiers. Light from an external source is coupled into one of the guides, and is propagated numerically through the structure without imposition of cavity end losses or boundary conditions. The paraxial wave equation is solved using a Crank-Nicholson algorithm with small variations in implicitness for numerical stability. The effects of carrier diffusion and amplifier gain saturation are included, and the results are checked by solving the scalar wave equation in the transverse plane. Several regimes of behavior, including bistable switching and gradual beam scanning, are identified.


The important role of aeroallergens and food allergens as the most common environmental allergens in exacerbation of atopic dermatitis (AD) iswell known. Sensitization is an essential processwhich correlateswith clinicalmanifestation of AD. The study of AD in Indonesia, especially in Yogyakarta, has not been reported, yet. The aim of study is to evaluate the association between sensitization of environmental allergens with clinical severity of AD in children and young adult at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. An analytic observational cross sectional study was performed on 33 children and young adult with AD. The severity of disease was determined by SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD). Assessment of sensitization was performed using specific IgE serum, atopy patch test, and prick test. Data were analyzed using chi-square or Fisher exact test and prevalence ratio (PR) with significance value of p<0.05 and 95%confidence interval (CI). The results showed that specific IgE positivity was associated with severity of AD. Percentage of specific IgE positivity to house dust mite was significantly higher in subject with moderate/severe AD compared to those of mild AD (p=0.049; PR 1.13; 95% CI 1.01-1.59). The result was also similar for cat dander (p=0.041; PR 1.1; 95%CI 1.09-4.98), cow's milk (p=0.038; PR 1.21; 95% CI 1.02-2.2), and egg white (p=0.027; PR 1.23; 95% CI 1.15-2.97). Whereas specific IgE positivity to fish allergen was not statistically different in subject with moderate/severe AD compared to those with mild AD (p=0.061; PR 0.8; 95% CI 0.76-2.8). According to atopy patch test and prick test result, no association was found between allergen sensitization and severity of AD. If allmethodswere combined to increase the sensitivity of sensitizationmeasurement, then the association was found for all allergens. It could be concluded that environmental allergens sensitization is associated with severity of AD in children and young adult at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta. Key words: atopic dermatitis-disease severity-sensitization-aeroallergen-food allergen