BACKGROUND:
Assessment regarding functional independence, mental health and quality of life among Indian Middle Cerebral Artery stroke patients are scarce. Incidence of stroke was keep on increasing day by day, so this study would help the people to understand the recovery of stroke symptoms from admission till third month.
OBJECTIVE:
The purpose of this study is to examine quality of life, anxiety, depression and Functional Independence of Middle Cerebral Artery stroke survivors and relationship of these variables with stroke characteristics.
METHODS:
This was a prospective correlational study, patients were assessed at the time of admission, discharge and at third month after stroke. Short Form-36 Questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life, Anxiety and Depression measures was assessed using Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale, and Functional Independence was assessed using Functional Independence Measure, Fugl-Meyer Assessment, Functional Ambulation Category scale and stroke severity was assessed using National Institute of Health Stroke Scale and cognition level was assessed using Mini Mental Status Examination Scale. Comparative analysis were completed using Microsoft Excel and correlation was done using Karl Pearson's correlation.
RESULTS:
83 patients were screened, among them 26 patients who met the inclusion criteria were included, consent was obtained from the patient, and mean age was found to be 51+ 6 years, 10 female and 16 male patients, among which 4 patients failed to come for follow up and 22 patients were taken for analysis. The correlation between short form 36 questionnaire and Fugl-Meyer assessment is 0.71, Fugl-Meyer assessment and Functional Independence Measure is 0.88, Hospital anxiety and depression scale and ShortForm-36 is– 0.66, Functional independence measure and ShortForm-36 is 0.76, Short Form-36 and Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale is – 0.37, Functional independence measure and National Institute of health stroke scale is – 0.55, age and depression is 0.64, Short Form-36 and Functional Independence measure is 0.59, age and Functional independence measure was – 0.44 and Short Form-36 and Functional Ambulation Category scale is 0.73.
CONCLUSION:
There was a strong positive correlation with Functional Independence and Quality of Life and negative correlation with Mental Health and Quality of Life, compared at the time of admission, till the time of third month, the level of anxiety and depression was reduced, and the Functional Independence and Quality of Life was improved comparatively from admission till third month from the onset of stroke.


Restoration of chiral and U(1)A symmetries in excited hadrons is reviewed. A connection of these restorations with the semiclassical regime in high ly excited hadron is discussed. A solvable confining field-theoretical toy model that exhibits chiral r estoration is presented. Implications of the string description of the highly excited hadrons that sugge sts an additional dynamical symmetry of the spectra on the top of U(2)L×U(2)R are presented.


Objective To explore the relationships between parental rearing patterns,social support and personality disorder among prisoners for the prevention of crime.Methods With stratified random sampling,805 prisoners in Shaanxi province prison and Henan province prison were investigated with Personality Disorder Questionnaire,Parental Rearing Patterns Scale,and Social Support Scale.Results The total prevalence of borderline personality disorders was 38.76% and the score of personality disorder in Personality Disorder Questionnaire was 65.36±12.59.The score of feeling and understanding,punishment,overladed interference,preference,rejection and denial,and overprotection in Parental Rearing Patterns Scale was 41.27±10.54,23.46±6.58,22.52±6.21,10.15±4.56,12.52±5.41,and 12.47±2.75,respectively,and the feeling and understanding,overprotection,rejection and denial,punishment,and preference of mother in Parental Rearing Patterns Scale was 48.82±10.23,38.12±8.16,17.42±5.38,15.86±6.25,12.19±3.43,respectively.The score of objective support,subjective support and the usage of support was 6.48±2.26,17.25±4.13,and 6.76±1.42.Positive significant correlations were found between personality disorder and punishment of parental,rejection and denial of parental,overprotection of father,and preference of mother(P0.05 for all) and significant inverse correlations were found between personality disorder and warmth of feeling and understanding of parents(P0.05 for all).There were correlations between personality disorder and subjective support and the usage of support(P0.05).Structural equation showed that parental rearing patterns could either directly affect personality disorder or produce indirect effects via subjective support(χ2=423.51,P0.05;goodness-of-fit-index=0.90,normed fit index=0.91,confirmatory fit index=0.92,and root mean square error of approximation=0.26).Conclusion Parental rearing patterns and social support affect personality disorder in prisoners.


The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of mother's parenting behavior, perfectionism and creative personality on young...


Understanding that education must serve the emancipation purposes, not only relying on a sole language but dealing with the diversity of points of view and cultural languages, means to initiate a process against the unicist attempt of echnoscientific reasoning, and provide anthropological proportionality for the exercise of rationality. It is up to the emancipation task of the educational process to instigate criticism of unicist reasoning assumptions, and propose a more absolute human formation.


Various applications of biotechnological methods for the production of volatile compounds useful to the food and pharmaceutical industries are discussed. The yields obtained from intact or genetically modified plants are compared to those achieved by microbial methods. Plant yields are too low for the products to compete commercially to those synthesized chemically. Still lower yields are obtained with in vitro-cultured plant tissues. Trangenic plants with altered methylerythritol path gave 50% more essential oil in the best case. The 100-fold increases in shikimate-derived volatiles, obtained with overexpressed alcohol dehydrogenase and five-fold more C6 volatle aldehydes and 2-phenylethanol, were produced with overexpressed lipoxygenase and 2-phenylethanol dehydrogenase, respectively. However, the most spectacular yields were observed with biotransformations catalysed by microorganisms. Kluyveromyces marxianus, produces over 26 g/l 2-phenylethanol from phenyalanine, whereas Candida sorbophila, Mucor circillenoides or Yarrowia lipolytica can produce 5–40 g/l γ-decalactone from ricinoleic acid. Vanillin production from ferulic acid is in the range 12–60 g/l with Amycolatopsis and Streptomyces species. Vanillin can be produced at 5 g/l by Escherichia coli and amorphadiene yields of 37 g/l have been observed with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, both with the genetically overexpressed methyl–erythritol path. Genetically engineered β-oxidation genes result in yields of 10 g/l γ-decalactone by Yarrowia lipolytica and up to 80 g/l dicaboxylic acids by various yeasts. These results far exceed the theoretical limit of about 1 g/l required for consideration of a procedure as a commercially interesting process, alternative to chemical sythesis. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Properly speaking,the Asian financial crisis happened in 1997 became the watershed in promting the East-Asian cooperation, thereafter the corporation of this area has been developing rapidly. With the Analytic Hierarchy Process of international relationships, the cause for ASEAN's action can be divided into three hierarchies: the international hierarchy, that is the coexistence of multi-polarization and mono-polarization and the pressure brought to ASEAN by the regionalization wave around the world; the regional hierarchy between ASEAN and the countries of East-Asian countries, that is the change of the relations between ASEAN and America, China and Japan; the ASEAN unit hierarchy,that is the change of the economic and political order in ASEAN countries after the financial crisis.


Abstract Absorption and fluorescence properties of a magnesium containing porphyrin pigment are described which generally resemble those of the cholorophylls.


The objective of this study was to compare the efficiency and safety of endonasal endoscopic maxillary surgery and the Caldwell‐Luc approach in children.


Ti Fe alloy is normal material used for astronautic machinery.This paper investigates the feature of mid temperature transformation in Ti Fe alloy by using many methods.The results show that the product of mid temperature transformation is bainite with hcp structure,with feature of non distorted plane strain;that bainiic surface relief is similar to martensitic one;that Fe atom diffuses obviously during transformation;and that mid temperture transformation of Ti Fe alloy is shear transformation controlled by diffusion of Fe atom.


Forest fires in Riau Province Indonesia is issues that regularly happen with affected the length and breadth of Indonesia. The effects forest fire and of haze on human health as reported in that particular year were about 20 million people have suffered from respiratory problems and serious deterioration in overall health in Riau community. This research proposes development of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for detection of forest fire in Riau province for the region that high risk forest fire in dry session, with WSN technology data be able to collect from the sensor deploy in the forest area. The deployment of sensors will be located at several locations that has badly impacted in previous case and forecast location with potential fire happen. Mathematical analysis is used in this case for modelling number of sensor required to deploy and the size of forest area represented overall of Riau Province. An early indication of forest fires is needed for quick prevention before they become uncontrollable and overwhelming. The design and development of WSN sensors give high feasibility to overcome current issues in Riau Province because of forest fire. The development of this system used WSN highly applicable for early warning and alert to representative institution for action taken.


Abstract Objectives Previously, in healthy older adults, the concentration of the plasma amino acid glycine was found to be negatively related to the amount of visceral adipose tissue (VAT). It remains unclear whether this is due to alterations in the whole body glycine production, and independent of the presence of a concomitant chronic disease in older adults (e.g., Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)). Methods In this study, 88 healthy older adults (40 males/48 females) and 122 older adults with stable moderate to severe COPD (58 males/64 females) were studied. In all subjects, body composition and VAT (by DXA) were assessed, as well as muscle function (respiratory strength by mouth pressure, hand- and leg peak strength and endurance by dynamometers) and Charlson Comorbidity index. We also measured plasma concentration and whole body production (WBP) of glycine using stable isotope techniques and analyzed them by LC-MS/MS. Statistics performed by ANCOVA included age, gender, and body mass index as covariates. Significance was set at p < 0.05 and results were expressed as means [95% CI]. Results Although plasma glycine concentration was comparable between healthy and COPD older adults (p = 0.21), a negatively association was found with VAT area (p < 0.0002; Slope −0.08 [−0.07, −0.10] μM/cm2 VAT) in the total group as well as in the healthy and COPD subgroups. The ROC area was 0.8801 [0.8329, 0.9273] when separating VAT at 800 cm2. WBP of glycine was also not different between healthy older adults and those with COPD but no significant relationship was found with VAT area (p = 0.49). Also no association was found between VAT and any of the other measured parameters. Conclusions Independent of the presence of COPD, a lower plasma glycine concentration, but not the whole body glycine production, relates to a higher amount of visceral fat in older adults. We conclude that plasma glycine concentration is a marker of the amount of visceral adipose tissue in older adults independent of the presence of a chronic disease. Funding Sources None.


This article describes the evolution of ideas regarding the nature of measurement in education and psychology. In the classic conception, only the res extensa could be measured. Campbell introduces the distinction between fundamental and derived measurements. The first require a physical addition correlation. Steven's Representationalism adopts the representative function that numbers have in Cambell's theory, however, in Steven's theory fundamental measurement becomes a specific case of the theory according to which measurement is the assignation of numbers to objects according to a rule. In more modern but not the more generalised conceptions, due to Luce and Tukey (Conjoint Measurement) and Rasch, the quantitative measure of a variable is a hypothesis to be contrasted.


To provide a liquid crystal display device of the CPA mode which degradation in display quality due to the application of stress to the liquid crystal panel is suppressed. The liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer of a vertical alignment type provided therebetween. In each pixel region, a first electrode provided in the liquid crystal layer side of the first substrate includes a solid portion formed of a conductive film, and a non-solid portions conductive film is not formed . Solid portion is substantially surrounded by a non-solid part, respectively, comprising at least a plurality of unit solid portions arranged along the first direction. The liquid crystal layer of the picture element region, when a voltage is applied, by an oblique electric field generated at the edge portion of the non-solid portion, to form a liquid crystal domain taking a radially inclined orientation on each unit solid. Length along the first direction of the unit solid portion is 70μm or less.


The nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and polyethylene (PE)/PE-grafted maleic anhydride (PE-g-MAH)/organic-montmorillonite (Org-MMT) nanocomposite were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at various cooling rates. Avrami analysis modified by Jeziorny, Ozawa analysis, and a method developed by Liu well described the nonisothermal crystallization process of these samples. The difference in the exponent n, m, and a between HDPE and the nanocomposite indicated that nucleation mechanism and dimension of spherulite growth of the nanocomposite were different from that of HDPE to some extent. The values of half-time (t1/2), K(T), and F(T) showed that the crystallization rate increased with the increase of cooling rates for HDPE and composite, but the crystallization rate of composite was faster than that of HDPE at a given cooling rate. Moreover, the method proposed by Kissinger was used to evaluate the activation energy of the mentioned samples. It was 223.7 kJ/mol for composite, which was much smaller than that for HDPE (304.6 kJ/mol). Overall, the results indicated that the addition of Org-MMT and PE-g-MAH could accelerate the overall nonisothermal crystallization process of PE. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 3054–3059, 2004


This
study demonstrated the feasibility of implementing of MBR in pharmaceutical
wastewater independently, and concluded different applications of MBR in
industries. Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology was a new wastewater treatment
technology with a combination of membrane separation technology and biological
treatment technology, which had unique advantages on pharmaceutical wastewater
treatment. The modified membrane rector design provided a significantly lower
concentration of NH3-N, Phosphorous, Total Nitrogen and COD around
the membranes, and subsequently a more sustainable membrane performance due to
much lower overall fouling rates. In this paper, the classification and
structure of biological waste water treatment by using MBR technology were
summed up along with some examples of MBR in industrial wastewater treatment,
which was emphatically analyzed and discussed. Finally, the prospect of MBR in
industrial wastewater treatment was described. The industrial wastewater was a
high-strength wastewater which had characteristics of complicated constituents,
high organics concentration, highly toxic.


Algorithms for vector quantization of variable region data are given. The design iteration is proved to converge. An important issue here is the optimization step of the region shape with respect to the vector quantization codebook. Thus, the presented design method is a nontrivial extention of ordinary vector quantizer design which contains the classical Lloyd-Max algorithm. First, the main algorithm is given without introducing any physical entity. Therefore, the method is applicable to any data including speech and image as long as the quantization distortion is defined. In the speech coding case, which is the main body of this paper, the region shape optimization is interpreted as the epoch interval adjustment. The selection of the adjusted epochs with respect to the vector quantization codebook considerably reduces the quantizing distortion. This enables very-low-rate speech compression. Then, the image coding case is formulated and some convergence problem is discussed.


Analyzing the slope stability of work levels, final slopes and slope system was carried out in the area of the open pit "Gacko" according to the criteria required by the law of the Republic Srpska. This paper presents a comparative analysis of slope stability with three numerical methods by Bishop, Yanbu and Morgenstern-Price in various pore pressures ru=0, ru=0.2 ru=0.4 and critical factor of influence the stress reduction at the same pore pressures that were already mentioned. The analyses of slope stability were carried out with the existing and newly obtained data. The software packages SLIDE v6.0 and PHASE 2 v8.0 of company ROCSCIENCE were used for calculation methods. The expected result is approximately the same value for the safety coefficient (Fs)


Currently, interest in equestrian sports in the Russian Federation is observed at the highest state level. One of the most important factors in maintaining the health of sports horses is the prevention or reduction of the negative effects of stress, both physical and psychogenic, to which animals are constantly exposed in modern conditions. Stress leads to a decrease in animal resistance, to diseases in which significant clinical and biochemical changes occur in organs and systems, which leads to disruption of technological regimes and significant economic damage. Requirements for sports horses are increasing, which are not always able to transfer the necessary intensity of training loads. Neuro-reflex mechanisms of coordination of movements, tendon-ligamentous apparatus of the extremities, nervous and respiratory systems, cardiac activity as a result of training are subject to significant changes. However, achieving high sports results is associated with heavy training loads. The intensification of training and sports competitions are accompanied by excessive stress of metabolic processes, leads to rapid fatigue, decreased agility and sports horses lose their athletic form for a long time. It was this aspect that was taken into account and determined the nature of exploratory research on the development of effective means of stimulating energy-immunometabolic processes, resistance and stress resistance during intensive training and the drawing of traditional prizes. Taking into account the urgency of the problem, we conducted research and production tests to assess the effect and stimulation of the amber biostimulator on metabolic processes, physiological condition and resistance of sports horses to intensive training. The experimental groups were sports horses with passports of the All-Russian Research Institute of Horse Breeding of the Russian Federation. The results of biochemical studies, clinical observations and official sports achievements indicate that the amber biostimulator developed by us is economically affordable, physiologically safe (there is no doping effect) and a highly effective means of restoring the performance of sports horses for domestic horse breeding.


In order to investigate the physiological regulation mechanism of exogenous chitosan on vegetable soybean photosynthesis,we studied the effects of exogenous chitosan on photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in seedling leaves of two vegetable soybean [Glycine max(L.)Merr.]cultivars with different salt tolerance under NaCl stress by adopting vermiculite culture.The results showed:(1)exogenous chitosan alleviated the decline of net photosynthetic rate(Pn)of salt-sensitive cultivar LX markedly at the 6th,9th and 12 th days of salinity by inducing non stomatal factors,but this effect disappeared after 15 days of salt stress.For salt-tolerant cultivar LL,chitosan reduced the decline of Pnsignificantly at the 3rd and 6th days of salinity by inducing stomatal factors and non stomatal factors simultaneously,and reduced that of the 9th,12 th and 15 th days of salt treatment mainly by inducing non stomatal factors,and itsgrowth of Pncompare with NaCl treatment were higher than that of LX.(2)Exogenous chitosan prevented the decline of non photochemical quenching coefficient(NPQ)of LX after 12 days of salinity,and prevented the decline of NPQand markedly alleviated the decline of photochemical quenching coefficient(qP)and actual photochemical efficiency(ФPSⅡ)of LL after 15 days of salinity.(3)Under no NaCl condition,chitosan increased the Pnof two vegetable soybean cultivars significantly by inducing stomatal factors and non stomatal factors such as stomatal conductance(Gs),qPandФPSⅡ at the early stage of spraying chitosan,but these effects disappeared at middle and later stage.All the results suggest that:vegetable soybean has potential resistance.The effects of exogenous chitosan on vegetable soybean under NaCl stress differ from those of no NaCl condition.Chitosan can only induce potential salt resistance of vegetable soybean when it is injured by salt stress.However,the induction route,induction timeline and induction effect of chitosan on vegetable soybean were different because of different salt tolerance of vegetable soybean.The salt tolerant cultivar LL has strong,durable and multiple potential resistance ability,which may play an important role in maintaining relatively higher Pninduced by chitosan.


Lu_2Si_2O_7∶Ce crystal is a recently discovered inorganic scintillator.It is suitable for applications such as PET or oil well logging.Transparent and crackless LPS∶Ce crystals have been grown by using the Czochralski method in our lab.We have characterized the scintillation properties of cerium doped lutetium pyrosilicate and discussed its luminescent mechanism.A lot of work has been done on the temperature dependence of the emission spectra under UV excitation and the temperature dependence of the fluorescence lifetimes using a Edinburgh-920 luminescence spectrometer,which will help us to find the optimal working temperature for this crystal.Transmission spectra shows that the absorption cut-off edge of LPS∶Ce crystal is 25 nm shorter than LSO∶Ce crystal,which widens the transmission range.X-ray induced emission spectra are characteristic of two peaks and the main peak locates at 378 nm,which are consistent with the emission spectra under UV excitation.The temperature dependence of the emission spectra under UV excitation shows two features,the first is luminescence efficiency decreasing strongly when the temperature beyond 375 K,and the second is peak site red shifting when the temperature beyond 425 K.Decay curve follows the single exponential decay law.The decay time is about 34 ns at room temperature under UV excitation.Based on the shapes of the decay curves,two distinct trends are identified.First,below 375 K,the curves are similar to that obtained at room temperature,and the fitting results vary from 32.8 ns to 34 ns.There is a little difference,but it is stable on the whole.In this range,the decay time slightly increases with temperature.Second,beyond 375 K,temperature dependence of the fluorescence lifetimes becomes evident,for example,with the increases of the temperature,the decay time strongly decreases.The decay time shorten to 6.72 ns at 500 K.Luminescence efficiency seems connected to decay time,and they change towards the same direction.Two peaks can be observed in TL curves,approximately situated at 488 and 553 K.Both of them are far above room temperature.No TL glow peaks near room temperature,is suggested to be related to the absence of afterglow in LPS∶Ce crystal.


The invention discloses a method recovering texture and illumination of a calibration plate sheltered area. The method recovering the texture and the illumination of the calibration plate sheltered area includes a first step of shooting a reference image and a calibration reference image, a second step of establishing a plane homography relation, a third step of repairing texture, a fourth step of repairing the illumination, a fifth step of judging whether video shoot is finished or not by means of a method of man-machine interaction, executing a sixth step, returning to the second step when the video shoot is not finished, and the sixth step of finishing the process of recovering the texture and the illumination of the calibration plate sheltered area. The method recovering the texture and the illumination of the calibration plate sheltered area has the advantages of being accurate and rapid in recovering result, high in robustness and appropriate for various applications augmenting reality.


This paper has for an object study of bio-phyto-dinamic modulators benefic effects to mental affections like depression and panic attacks. Using the bio-phyto-dinamic modulators, I have noticed a balance of emotional and mental states.


Flight simulation fatigue crack propagation tests were carried out on 2024-T3, 7475-T761 and mill annealed Ti-6A1-4V sheet in thicknesses up to 3 nim and representative for traJisport aircraft lower wing skin stiffened panels of end load capacities 1.5 and 3 MN/m. There was a significant effect of sheet thickness on crack propagation. Thinner gauge materials exhibited slower crack propagation mainly because of greater retardation of crack growth after severe flights. The relevance of the results for the choice of advanced structural concepts and materials is discussed, and a recommendation for further investigation is given.


A study of 132 schizophrenic patients at Metropolitan State Hospital and McLean Hospital is in progress. The EEG's of these schizophrenics fall into three groups: Group I: Essentially normal. Group II: Dysrhythmic type, which is indistinguishable from EEG's of individuals known to have convulsive disorders. Group III: "Choppy" type, which suggests the possibility of a pathological condition in the brain. Patients in Group II frequently present in their histories the same syndrome as found in epileptics. These patients are either diagnosed as "catatonic schizophrenia" or give a history on the hospital ward of catatonic stupors and excitements.


— Medical physicists and their respective workplace across the Asia and Oceania region has been dramatic because of the impact of COVID-19. Medical Physicists are under varying levels of stress and burn out during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and this is adversely affecting their working conditions in clinical practices. We present a broad review to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 in their respective work and changes in work practices among the medical physics community in Asia and Oceania countries. All together 186 medical physicists from twenty-two countries in the Asia & Pacific region have participated from Asia and Pacific region which consists of Low-income countries to High-Income Countries. Irrespective of the economies of the countries the overall responses were found similar. Due to COVID-19 pandemic, it is found that the treatment of cancer patients was somehow affected in their regular treatment, the most affected part was overall treatment time and five fraction regimens. It is found that almost all responder medical physicists who work in a hospital, have continued their work despite the pandemic. A regular supply of radiopharmaceutical and source used for brachytherapy was an issue in some countries because of lockdown and closure of international flight. COVID-19 pandemic adversely affecting the working environment of the overall hospital, but it has not adversely affected the work of medical physicists in the Asia Pacific region.


This paper develops a multiobjective mathematical location model to identify possible locations for environmentally hazardous facilities. Risk and equity are recognized as the most important criteria in determining site selection. In contrast to earlier models, the equity objective explicitly considers the existing distribution of environmental burdens when siting new hazardous facilities. Proposed environmentally hazardous facilities are located so that the burdens associated with new and existing hazards are shared as equally as possible among all areas. The application of the model, in a case study of the Greenpoint/Williamsburg neighborhood in Brooklyn, New York, illustrates the trade-offs associated with various risk and equity scenarios. Sensitivity analyses demonstrate how the existing distribution of environmental burdens may act as a constraint and limit the degree of equity that may be obtained when locating new facilities.


Research background: More than ever before governments, education institutions, industries, researchers and civilians are setting indebted attention to discover and learn more about behavioral science. The recent advancements in applying behavioral economics to the sphere of higher education show that building partnerships among educational institutions involves specific skills, strategies and knowledge that parties must know and use. Different industry representatives are scouting Higher Education Institutions for an ever-expanding set of innovation activities. Government invest more and more efforts to create innovative ecosystems where higher educational institutions are main stake holders in this special community between industries, corporations, governmental institutions, entrepreneurs and investors. The partnership involves adopting a management based on cooperation and change, communication and awareness of diversity. However, university-business cooperation is still a fragmented and indistinct field of research, and the understanding of UBC remains inadequate since most research is undertaken around specific elements, rather than as an encompassing, overarching and interconnected system Purpose of the article: To research the undergraduates' appraisal of Higher Education Institution and Business collaboration.
Methods: Expert interviews and undergraduate students' survey using 7-point Likert scale questionnaire (non-probability snowball sampling method).
Findings & Value added: Through evaluation of different statements about Higher Education Institution – Business collaboration, we discover distinctive statement importance and advancement according to respondent current views. This knowledge facilitates author's capability to develop and advise nudges which can be applied in performance of such collaboration.


Preventing cardiovascular events in at-risk patients is greatly enhanced if a single pill is prescribed for the commonly occurring risks of hypertension and dyslipidaemia.


Objective: Immunohistochemistry with p16 antibody is used as a diagnostic marker in
several gynecologic pathologies. The purpose of the present study was to
evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic significance of p16 immunohistochemistry
in various uterine smooth muscle tumors. Methods:
Tissue specimens, including 29 leiomyomas, 13 smooth muscle tumors of uncertain
malignant potential (STUMP), and 17 leiomyosarcomas, were obtained from 59
patients with uterine smooth muscle tumors. The prevalence of p16 expression in
various uterine smooth muscle tumors was examined using immunohistochemistry
methods and we investigated the association between p16 expression and various
clinicopathologic parameters, including prognosis of leiomyosarcomas. Results: The prevalence of p16
expression of leiomyomas, STUMP, and leiomyosarcomas tumors was 10.3%, 38.4%,
and 76.4%, respectively. The prevalence and immunohistochemistry scores of p16
were significantly higher in the leiomyosarcomas group than in the leiomyomas or
STUMP tumor groups. In the leiomyosarcomas groups, p16 immunohistochemistry
scores were significantly higher in the groups with more advanced stage, higher
mitotic activity, and recurrence. The relationship among p16
immunohistochemistry scores and age, tumor size, extent of necrosis, and degree
of myometrial invasion was not significant. High expression of p16 in
leiomyosarcomas was linked to shorter disease-free and overall survival. Conclusions: The use of p16
immunohisitochemistry is a useful marker in differential diagnosis in various
uterine smooth muscle tumors. Moreover, p16 overexpression possibly plays an
important role in tumor progression and we demonstrate that p16 may be a
predictor of overall survival in patients with leiomyosarcoma tumors.


This statewide study examined the relationships between principal managerial, instructional, and transformational leadership and student achievement in public high schools. Differences in student achievement were found when schools were grouped according to principal leadership factors. Principal leadership behaviors promoting instructional and curriculum improvement were linked to achievement. Within transformational leadership, the principal's ability to identify a vision and provide an appropriate model had the greatest relationship to achievement. Principal educational level also positively correlated with each leadership factor.


This article investigates Jane Addams' July 9, 1915, address to Carnegie Hall as well as the contextual infrastructure of the presentation. Using elements of myth, the authors identify prominent themes in Addams' address and in the criticism/context surrounding the speech. The threat Addams presented to prevalent myths, including contemporary understandings of the role of the soldier, nationalism, and patriarchal structure, provides a new perspective on the relationship between myth, culture and ideology.


RAdicAl chAngeS are anticipated in primary care because of the government shake-up of the nhS, with particular attention on where efficiencies can be made. The 'Self care campaign' advocating that people manage their own minor ailments was launched last year to help end unnecessary visits to gP surgeries (see box). A white paper Self care: An ethical imperative (Self care campaign 2010) outlined the time and money that inappropriate use of the primary care health team are costing the nhS. Unnecessary prescription costs are estimated at £371 million every year while gP and practice nurse time accounts for another £1.5 billion, equivalent to approximately £250,000 per practice per year. The campaign advocacy group has recently written to health secretary Andrew lansley outlining the £2 billion per year of potential savings identified in the campaign white paper based on research by the Proprietary Association of great Britain (TnS healthcare 2009). The report highlights that common disturbances to normal good health, such as coughs and colds, account for nearly one fifth of gP workload. The campaign group has welcomed the white paper equity and excellence: liberating the nhS (department of health (dh) 2010) because it is rooted in the core beliefs of freedom, fairness and personal responsibility. empowering patients and healthcare professionals with information combined with support and a commitment to tackle health inequalities will produce better outcomes and reduced costs. The white paper (dh 2010) states that 'shared decision-making' is to become the norm. international evidence shows that involving patients in their care and treatment improves health outcomes (Fremont et al 2001). information must be a two-way process, patients should be informed more about what is available to them and how to use services appropriately. The white paper proposes that general practice teams will be consulted on genuine patient need and that they should then deal with issues in the most efficient way, without compromising quality. encouraging children to self-care for minor ailments will create healthy and instinctive patterns of behaviour that can be applied in the self-management of long-term conditions in the later stages of life. This gives patients greater freedom and creates a fairer nhS based on personal responsibility.


The North is a dense space of connectivity, where submarine cables span between the population centers and economic hubs of Europe. Within this web of relations, the Netherlands play an important role as the gateway to continental Europe on the one hand and the United States and United Kingdom on the other hand. At the same time, the stable political conditions, reliable energy supply and friendly business atmosphere, have given rise to an intense economy of data centres within the Netherlands. The hierarchy of these networks is determined by other territorial factors such as economic relevance, national borders and existing infrastructural ecologies. Equally, the typology of data centres is focused around three main parameters that determine the location and architectural design. Firstly, the proximity to high capacity fibre networks is a determinant factor for the geographic location of data centres. In many cases this also implies a proximity to the sea and the global connection this warrants. Secondly, as they require sizeable and stable energy supply, they are either located close to energy sources or transmission cables. Thirdly, they usually require a lot of space to fit as much server space as possible, which results in a backcountry location. Hence, data centres are usually planned in a remote location, consuming a lot of space while not returning any spatial quality. My project challenges these paradigms in a number of ways, while adhering to the underlying network logics. Currently, the two system edges are usually separated in such that data networks are located close to the global network but far from the actual user. Therefore, my project proposes to collapse the geographic proximity of global connections and local user by bringing the data centres into the cities. The resultant urban network is able to benefit from a number of network effects and agglomeration benefits. These include the reduced latencies that are needed for the Internet of Things and the integration of energy infrastructure, allowing energy storage and dissipation on an urban scale. To achieve this integration the project distribution is based on a variety of urban parameters, which include the existing infrastructure networks and morphological analyses such as space syntax and isovists. On an architectural scale the project proposes a typological understanding of the urban data centres, which respond to a number of different parameters and organisational modes. In consequence, the project proposes three types that are responding to three different site conditions. Furthermore, the types vary according to their socio-economic organisation, their structural independence and most importantly size. The three types or architectural artefacts range from a 'large' publicly maintained building, via a medium sized civic centre to small miniature private buildings. The resultant architecture proposes to redefine the standard type for data centres making them an outstanding part of the urban fabric. While the project proposes a specific infrastructure in a specific place it is structured to be replicable in other sites. At the same time, it carries a number of important messages. Firstly, it shows quite clearly the scale and impact of society's use of data by bringing it closer to the user and making it palpable in our daily lives. At the same time this presence also liberates the 'world exterior' from another predatory infrastructure allowing us to read the functional dependencies of our cities more clearly. Secondly, the project also questions the territorial dependence of data flows by illustrating the possibility of local data. In times of data scandals and increased political awareness, the vision of keeping your data close allows us to challenge the way we currently deal with this abstract matter. Finally, the project also illustrates the scale of our data use. It warns us of the impact it can have on our lives. While the project takes place on the urban scale of the city of Scheveningen and is developed as an architectural proposal that reaches the detail scale it is part of a larger project. The project and its scale are determined by the site, the architectural proposals are specific to a location and their detailing is adjusted to local circumstances. Nonetheless, the project also proposes a territorial shift, where decentralisation and ownership are challenged. The urban component of this thesis is a case study for a larger project, a project that takes place on the personal and territorial scale simultaneously.


With computer simulation approach and theoretical mechanics analysis approach, according to two kinds of the loop plays, the author studied and compared the state change laws of loop after colliding. The two kinds of results received in analysis are identical. The speed of high-speed loop slows down to some extent, but rotate is strengthened, and the speed of high-spin loop drive is accelerated, but rotate is weaken. The paper indicates that computer simulation technology can be applied to dynamics study and state measurement of table tennis, and it also has certain guidable meaning for practicing.


To study passenger contentment data and design for a better hygiene experience for a future aircraft: flying-v, researches and design were performed step by step. Firstly, to understand the overall situation of current flying experience, data were gathered from three co-creation sessions and a survey of 128 participants with experience of long-haul flights. Negative observations related mainly to physical discomfort and feelings of boredom. While social interaction was important for some passengers, it was generally superseded by the need for privacy. Relaxation was seen as important as well by the passengers. In-flight entertainment was frequently dissatisfactory, and eating was something passengers looked forward to and viewed as a type of entertainment. Some suggestions are made as to how these findings could be integrated into future aircraft design. Hygiene, a small part of the trip can also influence the experience of the entire trip. Co-creation sessions and online surveys were conducted again with a focus of hygiene/refreshing experience. The main complaints for current situation were: long queue, small space, low and small basin, nowhere to put personal belongings, unfriendly door, lighting condition and etc. Base on people's preference studied in the research, different conditions on seat, light, basin, storage,facility were build with VR technology for a experiments. 28 participants were involved and their contribution inspired the final design of a new hygiene space which is separated from toilet was created. Evaluation on this design involved 33 people was also done in VR environment. The data shows significant improvement on comfort and satisfactory.


Background Microvascular dysfunction is a dynamic process that is crucial in systemic sclerosis'(SSc) pathogenesis. Nailfold capillaroscopy(NCP) is a rapid, non-invasive exam that illustrates the early capillary changes in SSc and monitor their evolution. It is extremely useful in clinical practice and has been recognised in 2013 ACR/EULAR classification criteria for SSc. Objectives Evaluate the prevalence and evolution of NCP scleroderma pattern in SSc patients and analyse possible associations with disease-phenotype. Methods NCP of SSc patients followed in our centre were reviewed; clinical and demographic features were collected. A descriptive analysis was performed and nonparametric tests compared patients with and without SSc pattern. Results In total, 70 out of 117 SSc patients had at least 1 NCP available during the last 6 years. Most of these patients(62.9%) had limited cutaneous SSc, 21.4% diffuse cutaneous SSc, 11.4% very early diagnosis SSc and 4.3% overlap syndromes; mean disease duration was 10.7±9.6 years. At the moment of the first NCP, 46 patients(39.4%) had a scleroderma pattern, 12 (10.3%) had non-specific(NS) NCP abnormalities and 12 had a normal NCP. During the 6 years follow-up, NCP changed in 5 patients as illustrated in figure 1. However, none had concomitant development/worsening of other clinical manifestations. At the end of the follow-up, 49 (70%) patients had a NCP scleroderma pattern. Early pattern was present in 13 (26.5%) patients, active pattern in 21 (42.9%), active/late pattern in 3 (6.1%) and late pattern in 12 (24.5%). When comparing patients with and without scleroderma specific patterns (table 1), the presence of scleroderma pattern was associated with the presence of current/previous digital ulcers(OR 1.49 95% CI 1.17–1.92). However, this difference was not confirmed between the different scleroderma patterns. Regarding, major organ involvement, although there were no statistical differences between both groups, patients with scleroderma pattern had a higher prevalence of oesophageal involvement.Abstract AB0728 – Table 1 Comparison between patients with and without scleroderma pattern Non-scleroderma Scleroderma p NCP paattern Normal (n=10) Non-specific abnormalities (n=11) Early (n=13) Active (n=21) Active/Late (n=3) Late (n=12) Female 100% 72.7% 100% 85.7% 66.7% 91.7% 0.623 Age 55.3±16.2 66.7±5.7 58.2±20.7 53.8±15.8 44.9±18.2 64.9±9.3 0.219 Disease duration (years) 9.4±6.6 8.3±4.4 7.6±6 10.2±7.1 4.2±0.6 19.6±16.6 0.947 Diffuse cutaneous dissease 10% 27.3% 7.7% 14.3% 33.3% 33.3% 0.689 Digital ulcers 10% 0% 30.8% 28.6% 33.3% 33.3% 0.021 Pulmonary arterial hypertension 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% NA Interstitial lung disease 10% 18.2% 7.7% 9.5% 33.3% 25% 0.948 Oesophageal involvement 40% 45.4% 46.2% 71.4% 66.7% 50% 0.148 Anticentromere + 50% 45.4% 69.2% 57.1% 0% 58.3% 0.557 Antitopoisomerase I + 20% 27.3% 15.4% 19% 33.3% 33.3% 0.971Abstract AB0728 – Figure 1 Progression of nailfold capillaroscopy alterations during follow-up Conclusions This study demonstrates how NCP can illustrate the dynamic vascular damage in SSc. In our data, a NCP scleroderma pattern was significantly associated with a higher number of digital ulcers and these patients had a higher percentage of oesophageal involvement. In daily clinical practice, NCP is useful not only for corroborating SSc diagnosis, but also for monitoring endothelial injury and potential macrovascular/systemic damage. Although our sample is too small to demonstrate possible associations between specific NCP alterations and internal organ involvement, some studies have already identify NCP patterns as predictive factors for organ damage. Disclosure of Interest None declared


PCL-812PG is a high performance, multifunctional data acquisition card which can be used in industry PC. Object-oriented driver software in assembly language by port read and written of the card is developed under C ++ builder, each of which has an independent port function. This makes it convenient to call, and the modularity, code reuse and portability are also enhanced. Engineering experiment shows that the technique has advantages of easy practice, reliable operation and high efficiency.It also can be used as a reference program for other intelligent systems.


Owing to natural factors,biological mass extinctions had appeared for five times on the Earth from the Cambrian to Tertiary,including many biotical groups.Since the Industrial Revolution of two hundred years ago,human activities have caused serious deterioration to the environments and resulted in the sixth mass extinction.If human beings continue to deteriorate the environments,the consequence will be unimaginable.


In this article we study a method that belongs to Monte-Carlo procedures in order to evaluate definide integrals. In particular, we point out through several examples, some computational drawbacks that can appear in its application.


Laser‐ion beam photodissociation is used to study the C4H+6 radical cation formed by electron impact (70 eV nominal energy) ionization of 1,3‐butadiene. The kinetic energy release value obtained from C4H+6→C3H+3+CH3 does not agree with the distribution reported by Farrar [J. Chem. Phys. 77, 263 (1982)]. The photodissociation studies of C4H+6 suggest the existence of a long‐lived (>0.05×10−6 s) photoexcited C4H+6 ion. Also, results of photodissociation studies of C4H+6 trapped in the electron beam space charge are consistent with the proposed long‐lived photoexcited C4H+6 ion. Therefore, it is proposed that the two‐photon photodissociation of C4H+6 reported by Baer [J. Chem. Phys. 85, 6361 (1986)] is a sequential two‐step process involving a long‐lived excited C4H+6 ion.


Hancock (this issue) identifies potential adverse consequences of emerging autonomous agent technology. He is not talking about Roomba and Waymo, but about future systems that could be more capable, and potentially, far more autonomous. As is often the case, it is difficult to fit a precise timeline to future technologies, and, as Hancock argues, human inability to fathom or even to perceive the timeline for autonomous agents is a specific challenge in this regard (see below). One concern Hancock raises is that humans, in pursuing the development of autonomous agents, are ipso facto ceding control of life on Earth to a new "peak predator." At least in part, he is led to the predator framing through recognizing that autonomous systems are developing in a context of human conflict, indeed, often as "implements of human conflict." Hancock argues that the transition to a new peak predator, even if not a Skynet/Terminator catastrophe, is unlikely to be the path "ultimately most conducive to human welfare," and that, having ceded the peak position, it is doubtful humans could ever again regain control. Hancock also raises a set of concerns regarding the incommensurability of fundamental aspects of experience for human and autonomous agents. For example, humans and emerging autonomous agents could experience time very differently. Hancock criticizes the expression "real time" as indicative of how humans uncritically privilege a conception of time and duration indexed closely to the parameters of human perception and cognition. However, emerging autonomous agents might think through and carry out complex courses of action before humans could notice that anything even happened. Indeed, Hancock notes that the very transition from contemporary AI to truly autonomous agents could occur in what humans will experience as "a single perceptual moment." Later in his paper, Hancock broadens the incommensurability point: " . . . there is no necessary reason why autonomous cognition need resemble human cognition in any manner." These concerns are worth analyzing, criticizing, and planning for now. The peak predator concern is the most vivid and concretely problematic hypothetical in Hancock's paper. However, to the extent that emerging autonomous agents become autonomous, they would not be mere implements of human conflict. What is their stake in human conflicts? Why would they participate at all? They might be peak predators in the low-level sense of lethal capability, but predators are motivated to be predators for extrinsic reasons. What could those reasons be for autonomous agents? If we grant that they would be driven by logic, we ought to be able to come up with concrete possibilities, future scenarios that we can identify and plan for. There are, most definitely, reasons to question the human project of developing autonomous weapon systems, and, more specifically, of exploring possibilities for extremely powerful and autonomous weapon systems without a deep understanding of what that even means. Hancock cites Kahn's (1962) scenario analysis of the "accidental war" that became the background plot for Dr. Strangelove, among other nuclear nightmare narratives of the Cold War. Even if we regard the peak predator scenario as more likely to be a challenging point of inflection for humans than


A nonlinear equation of ship motions with six-degree-of-freedom was studied.The nonlinear rolling equation coupled with other motions is derived on the basis of large amplitude rolling motion, and using an integrated pressure and Taylor expansion method.The expressions for the coupling coefficients of other motions to rolling equation are derived, and the nonlinear effects of restoring moment caused by incident and diffraction waves are also included.The result shows that the static coupling of longitudinal motions to the rolling equation is not exist,the coupling between them is mainly caused by waves.


The objective of this experiment was to compare the physiological changes that occurred in horses competing in the cross-country portion of Training, Preliminary and Intermediate horse trials. The hypothesis was that temperature (T), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), and on-site acid–base and electrolyte monitoring would allow differentiation between difficulty levels in horse trials. Sixteen client-owned horses competing at the Trojan-Horse Spring Horse Trials in Cave Creek, Arizona, USA, were studied. T, HR, RR and anaerobic lithium-heparinized jugular venous samples were obtained before, and 1–2 min after, cross-country exercise. Samples were analysed for blood gases (body temperature-corrected) and concentrations of sodium ([Na + ]), potassium ([K + ]), chloride ([Cl − ]), ionized calcium ([Ca 2+ ] i ), blood urea nitrogen ([BUN]) and glucose ([GLC]) using a point-of-care analyser. Results were compared using analysis of variance with the level of significance set at P 2 (PCO 2 ), [total CO 2 concentration], bicarbonate concentration ([HCO 3 − ]) and [Ca 2+ ] i ( P 2 , [tCO 2 ], [HCO 3 − ] and base excess were lower, in Intermediate and sometimes Preliminary horses compared with Training horses ( P


As the availability and accuracy of translation-related historical data have been frequent problems for the study of translation history in China,this paper points out that the study of translation history is a branch of historiography,in which the collection of historical data is of great importance.It distinguishes first-hand and second-hand translation-related historical data and illustrate with examples what they are.The authors describe how more valuable translation-related historical data can be obtained,how such data can be validated or discredited,and how they can be reorganized and made full use of.


It provides a method for programming a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device of the data program operation of dual storage unit appropriately. The method is a dual memory cell (i) a memory element programmed data 108B. The word line WL1 is set to select the programming voltage (1V) word line, the control gate CG [i + 1] is set to a programming control gate voltage (5.5V), the control gate CG [i] is set to overload voltage (2.5V), the bit line BL [i + 1] is set to a programming bit line voltage (5V), the bit line BL [i] is connected to the constant current source 404.


The main content of the thesis belongs to the extended discussion on the research of a teacher's varied roles in the web-based environment.Its main points show clearly that the teaching strategies govern teachers'teaching behaviors,which govern teachers'roles,which directly guide the teacher-role-activities.Accordingly a careful discussion about the teaching strategies will certainly help us get a deeper understanding of a teacher's roles in the web-based environment and help us be adapted to the change of a teacher's role in order to construct a rational teaching format.The thesis will carry out a pondering and a discussion on the following issues: the general notion and the fundamental characteristics of the teaching strategies,the theoretical grounding guiding the teaching conception in the web-based environment,the characteristics of foreign language teaching strategies and their construction in this environment.


In this study, the (1 / ) G -expansion method was implemented to solve the Benney–Luke (BL) equation. Exact solutions of the BL equation were obtained via this method. The solutions obtained from the BL equation were in hyperbolic form. 3D, 2D and contour graphs of obtained solutions are presented. Results show that the (1 / ) G expansion method provides an efficient and straightforward mathematical instrument for finding solutions of nonlinear evolution equations (NLEEs).


Caching popular contents in the storage of users is deemed as an efficient approach to increase energy efficiency, decrease latency, as well as offload backhauls. Due to the mobility feature of use terminals in the real environment, the analysis of successful transmission is particular important in mobile networks. In this paper, the position of cache-enabled users are distributed as a Homogeneous Poisson Point Process (HPPP) and user moves following the random walk mobility (RWM) model. Then, the successful transmission probability is analyzed through the observation of the one step movement of the typical user using stochastic geometry methods. Meanwhile, in order to optimize the successful transmission probability, two methods are considered, i.e., file segmentation transmission (FST) and retransmission mechanism (RM). Simulation results show that the successful transmission probability can be improved by several network parameters, e.g., user density, transmission zone radius and caching probability, but exhibits a decline with increasing velocity or downloading time. Besides, considering segmentation cost, there is a tradeoff for the optimal segment number for the FST and RM schemes.


The paper analyses the investigation of father and the displacement in fact,discusses the distribution of the lateral soil-pressure in soil-nailed wall qualitatively,then discusses the distribution and the magnitude of the active soil-pressure in soil-nailed wall in theory,in the end it brings forward an effective predigested mode of the lateral soil-pressure in soil-nailed,it supplies a forceful gist to optimize the design more of the soilnailed wall.


The utility model relates to a vibration testing device clamp for an aerospace camera, which comprises a metal connecting ring and at least three metal connecting seats. Connecting lugs in number corresponding to that of the metal connecting seats and projecting outwards are evenly distributed on the metal connecting seats, a plurality of through holes are arranged on each connecting lug, each metal connecting seat comprises metal connecting sheets in shapes corresponding to those of the connecting lugs and metal connecting posts perpendicularly fixedly connected with the metal connecting sheets, a plurality of thread holes are arranged in each metal connecting posts, a plurality of notches with shapes matching with the metal connecting posts are evenly distributed on the outer circumference of a supporting board, and the number of the notches is the same with that of the metal connecting seats. The vibration testing clamp reduces transmission of vibration to the camera and improves accuracy.


This research presents a serious 3D game over a computer cluster that allows the learning of traffic signals so that the child is a responsible driver and pedestrian. For this purpose, we have applied an agile methodology to be able to produce a driving and pedestrian simulation system as a serious game, which includes a three-layer hierarchical architecture (orientation layer, management layer, and control layer). This architecture can be used to simulate three environments that are: a) Driver's environment; b) Pedestrian environment; c) Vehicle traffic observer environment. All these environments are controlled by intelligent agents that allow the user to handle the autonomous longitudinal control, the relative distance, the speed of the cars, the collisions between vehicles, the pedestrian collision, excess of the speed limit, circulation in the opposite direction, and respect of traffic signals. Our solution to traffic problems has been validated by the execution of several tests in public schools, and the results demonstrate that this simulation application encourages learning in road safety education for children between 9 and 12 years old, using a distributed environment with a computational cluster in the cloud.


In this paper, we present data related to how a Portuguese teacher developed the module "A big problem for Magellan: Food preservation." Students were asked to plan an investigation in order to identify which were the best food preservation methods in the XV and XVI centuries of Portuguese overseas navigation, and then establish a parallel between those methods and current ones. Students were involved in discussing the relationship between science and social issues, and about the impact that science evolution has on daily life practices. The teacher had professional experience and a Master's degree in science education and considered that PARSEL and the specific module constituted a good approach to achieve his goals concerning science education. Students were attending a twelfth-grade biology class and wished to pursue university studies in science. We carried out participant observations, interviews with the teacher and four of his students, and we also administered a questionnaire to the students. Both teacher and students found the module popular and relevant for their lives. Despite positive assessment, some less positive issues, such as, time management and module extension, and the difficulty of making a connection between science and social issues were also identified.


Previous research on subjects showing the two temperamental profiles called inhibited and uninhibited to unfamiliar events suggests that the two groups differ in threshold of reactivity to novelty. Hence, variation among infants in behavioral reactivity to unfamiliar events might predict later display of the two profiles. In a longitudinal study of 94 four-month-old infants, those who displayed the combination of high motor activity and frequent crying to stimulation were more fearful to unfamiliar events at nine and 14 months than infants who displayed both low motor activity and infrequent crying. This result implies that the processes that mediate early reactivity to stimulation may also influence a later preparedness to avoid or to approach unfamiliarity.


Two new species of the genus Azana: A. sinensis sp. nov. and A. grandispinosa sp. nov., from China are described and illustrated. The genus is recorded for the first time from China. The type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Insect Collections of Zhejiang Forestry College.


BACKGROUND
m-Health as an important part of e-health has recently become one of the most influential initiative in healthcare sector all over the world. In developing countries healthcare service providers started to provide m-health services from the last few years. Despite the widespread acceptance of mobile phones, the adoption of m-health among elderly is significantly low in developing countries. However, little research has been conducted to explore factors influencing elderly's intention to use m-health services particularly in developing countries. The objective of this study is to identify the factors that influence the elderly's intention to use m-health services.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
To assess elderly's intention to use m-health services, this study applied the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). Data were collected from participants of age 60 years and above. The partial least square method based on structural equation modeling was used to analyze data.

RESULTS
The study found that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and perceived credibility (p < 0.05) had significant influence on elderly's intention to use m-health services. However, facilitating condition (p > 0.05) had no significant influence on elderly's intention to use m-health services.

CONCLUSIONS
The findings of this study may become beneficial for the governments, policy makers, and healthcare service providers in developing countries.


Photonic crystal polarization filter is a new filter using the band gap property of photonic crystal to control the polarization state of the signal light. It has important applications in many areas, such as the optical fiber communication, optical sensing measurement, and optical information processing. The paper studies a one-dimensional photonic crystal polarization filter with multiple channels by the optical transfer matrix method. The study shows that defect layer thickness of photonic crystal (D) determines the number of filter channels (N), both similar to satisfy the linear relationship. The refractive index of defect layer has some influence on the number of channel variation, that is, the larger refractive index, the more channels. The location of central wavelength for filter channel can be adjusted by changing the number of unit layers and unit thickness of photonic crystals, which does not affect the number of filter channels. KeywordsPhotonic crystals Polarization Filter Transfer Matrix Method


The privatization of the railways in Britain is almost complete. The article describes the method of privatization, where a vertically integrated state-owned monopoly has been broken up into a monopoly track company, three monopolistic owners of passenger rolling-stock, 25 franchised passenger train operating companies, a freight operating company, and large numbers of suppliers of services. The author explains the potential for competition within this complex structure, in an industry which has been steadily losing its share of the transport market for some 70 years. Attention is drawn to the absence of any clear criteria for continued public subsidy and to the tensions which exist between the Regulator and other players in the industry. Copyright 1997 by Oxford University Press.


Cricopharyngeal myotomy is not effective in all cases of dysphagia. However, it should be the specific treatment in cases of dysphagia caused by a primary cricopharyngeal muscle dysfunction. Of a group of 10 patients with swallowing disorders in the absence of any defined cause, 7 (mean age, 81.6 years) were improved by a myotomy and 3 were not. The cricopharyngeal muscle was studied histologically and biochemically and compared to muscle obtained from nondysphagic subjects. In the muscle of the 7 improved patients, homogeneous histologic abnormalities were demonstrated: connective tissue infiltration, inflammatory cell infiltration, and degenerative changes of the muscle fibers. Conversely, muscles of the nonimproved patients and of the controls did not present the same degree of histologic lesions.


Switzerland has experienced considerable immigration flows since the Second World War. Based on longitudinal data obtained from a probabil istic linkage of administrative and Census records, the internal mobility of foreigners is ana lysed between 1981 and 2004. We focus on various dynamics in international migration that af fect the internal redistribution of immigrants. The interrelationship is first addresse d on the aggregate level in estimating the structural impact of international inflows. During the first decade under study, internal migration levels have been inflated due to the incr easing numbers of recent immigrants, characterized by the highest mobility. Between 1990 -4 and 2000-4, however, internal migration increased because of a qualitative change in the foreign population. Immigrants are increasingly skilled and therefore more prone to in ternal mobility. A second multivariate and multilevel approach also stresses their differentia l sensitivity to contextual factors. Being more flexible in the multiregional labour market as well as less retained by networks and urban centrality, high skilled foreigners converge towards the residential preferences of natives as evinced by their emergent peri-urbanisat ion. Since the socioeconomic composition of immigrants is increasingly determined by the Swi ss immigration policy, we conclude that the latter inflated overall mobility levels of fore igners. It therefore sustained regional economic dynamics as well as the spatial assimilati on of foreigners in Switzerland.


Data are presented on binaural unmasking of tones masked by noise as a function of the interaural phases of the tone and noise and the bandwidth of the noise. It is found that (1) for a tone of 250 Hz, the binaural unmasking increases by 10 dB as the bandwidth is reduced from 250 Hz to 4.2 Hz; (2) the functional form of the dependence on interaural phase is independent of bandwidth; (3) reducing the bandwidth increases the amount of unmasking at all frequencies; (4) previous versions of the EC model are inadequate for describing the results; and (5) the data can be described by assuming that the error factor k in the EC model depends on the bandwidth W and interaural phase θn of the noise according to a relation of the form k = 1 + K1(W)K2(φn).


A University of California author or department has made this article openly available. Thanks to the Academic Senate's Open Access Policy, a great many UC-authored scholarly publications will now be freely available on this site. Let us know how this access is important for you. We want to hear your story! Abstract: Objective The Child Behavior Checklist-Dysregulation Profile (CBCL/DP) identifies youth at increased risk for significant psychopathology. Although the genetic architecture and several


Background and Objective: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Thus, we aimed to determine the effect of stress inoculation group training on the hope and quality of life in women with breast cancer. Material and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 60 randomly selected women in chemotherapy ward of Razi hospital in Rasht, 2011. The instruments were Schneider hope and quality of life (SF-36) questionnaires. Of 60, 30 eligible patients were randomly divided into control group with no training and experimental group with stress inoculation training. Results: Before intervention, the two groups were matched with demographic variables, hope and quality of life score. The results showed that the stress inoculation group training is effective both on hope and quality of life. Furthermore, the effect of this approach on quality of life was more than hope score (P=0.001). Conclusion: Stress inoculation group training is highly effective in improving the hope and quality of life in women with breast cancer. To be sure about its permanent effect, further research with follow-up period is needed.


Objective The purpose of this article is to study dissociative symptoms in female addicts exposed to sexual abuse in their childhood. Participants and methods This study included 44 Egyptian females who were recruited from a private psychiatric hospital and from a halfway center receiving treatment for substance abuse. Overall, 22 cases were sexually abused during their childhood (before age of 18 years), whereas 22 controls were not exposed to sexual abuse. Addiction severity index was used to assess history of addiction, age of starting smoking, and age of starting substance abuse. Addiction severity index was used to measure emotional abuse and physical abuse. Sexual abuse questionnaire was used to measure sexual abuse. Questionnaire of experience of dissociation was used to measure dissociative phenomena. Results There was a statistically significant difference regarding the age of starting smoking (P=0.03) and age of starting substance abuse (P=0.04). Moreover, there was a highly statistically significant difference between both groups regarding questionnaire of experience of dissociation scores (P=0.00). Conclusion Female participants with substance dependence who are sexually abused showed more pathological dissociative symptoms than those who were not. Female participants who are sexually abused during their childhood are more prone to start smoking and substance abuse at younger age than their peers. Physical abuse was higher in sexually abused female participants than those who were not.


Dear Editors, Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) upstream of the IL28B gene have been associated with spontaneous and treatment-induced clearance of HCV infection [1,2]. Galmozzi et al. [3] describe a simple tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS-PCR) for the evaluation of the rs12979860 C>T IL28B SNP. We tested T-ARMS-PCR method on peripheral blood DNA samples from six individuals, and all of samples were homozygous genotypes TT. PCR products, using outer primers (OUTER FW and OUTER RV) described by Galmozzi et al. [3], were sequenced bidirectionally with an ABI PRISM BigDye terminator (Applied Biosystems, CA, USA), and they showed discordant results in five cases: two samples were genotypes homozygous CC and three samples were genotypes heterozygous CT. In spite of the adequate amplified product by outer primers and the INNER FW (T) primer, presumably the primer INNER RV (G) does not amplify the allele-specific C. Analysis of primer INNER RV (G) demonstrated two mismatch (A>T and T>G) in relation to GenBank sequence NT_011109.16. In conclusion, the T-ARMS-PCR method does not show accurate detection of rs12979860 polymorphism and is not suitable for analysis of samples on a routine basis.


Despite the critical importance to carrier transport properties, studies on the control and prediction of crystal structures of molecular semiconductors have not been well-matured. To tackle this issue, we have...


This paper examines a piece ofheadgear, usually referred to in modern literature as a Phrygian or Persian cap, but variously described astiara, kurbasiaor kidaris/kitarisin the ancient sources. According to Greek texts only the Persian king had the right to wear the headgearin an upright position, usually referred to as tiara orthe. The cap was part of the so-called Median riding dress, and was worn together with trousers, a sleeved garment and akandys, i.e. a cloak used as a mantle. On the basis of literary sources and iconographic evidenceit is suggested that tiara orthereferred to the attached hood of akandys, or alternativelyanother upper garment, in an upraised position, i.e.when it was worn upon the head. Xenophon, ourearliest andmost trustworthy sourceregarding the tiara orthe,explicitly wrotethat only the king may wear the tiaraupright, that is upon the head.


Spoken Language Understanding in Interactive Robotics provides computational models of human-machine communication based on the vocal input. However, robots operate in specific environments and the correct interpretation of the spoken sentences depends on the physical, cognitive and linguistic aspects triggered by the operational environment. Grounded language processing should exploit both the physical constraints of the context as well as knowledge assumptions of the robot. These include the subjective perception of the environment that explicitly affects linguistic reasoning. In this work, a standard linguistic pipeline for semantic parsing is extended toward a form of perceptually informed natural language processing that combines discriminative learning and distributional semantics. Empirical results achieve up to a 40% of relative error reduction.


This paper proposes an efficient stabilizer circuit simulation algorithm that only traverses the circuit forward once. We introduce phase symbolization into stabilizer generators, which allows possible Pauli faults in the circuit to be accumulated explicitly as symbolic expressions in the phases of stabilizer generators. This way, the measurement outcomes are also symbolic expressions, and we can sample them by substituting the symbolic variables with concrete values, without traversing the circuit repeatedly. We show how to integrate symbolic phases into the stabilizer tableau and maintain them efficiently using bit-vector encoding. A new data layout of the stabilizer tableau in memory is proposed, which improves the performance of our algorithm (and other stabilizer simulation algorithms based on the stabilizer tableau). We implement our algorithm and data layout in a Julia package named \texttt{SymPhase.jl}, and compare it with Stim, the state-of-the-art simulator, on several benchmarks. We show that \texttt{SymPhase.jl} has superior performance in terms of sampling time, which is crucial for generating a large number of samples for further analysis.


Descriptions of hexactinellid sponges collected by the RV 'Marion Dufresne' MD55 expedition on the Vitória–Trindade seamounts chain (off Espírito Santo State, south-eastern Brazil) in 1987 and stored in the MNHN (Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris) are presented. Hyalonema (Cyliconema) conqueror sp. nov. (the first finding of this subgenus in the Atlantic Ocean) and H. (Prionema) dufresnei sp. nov. (the second record of this subgenus for the Atlantic Ocean) are described as new species. The holotype of H. (C.) conqueror sp. nov. was collected with a ROV at Campos Basin (off Rio de Janeiro State, south-eastern Brazil), while the paratypes originated from Vitória–Trindade seamounts chain and off Bahía State (eastern Brazil). Other hexactinellids reported here, Farrea sp., Sarostegia aff. oculata, Aphrocallistes aff. beatrix, Dactylocalyx aff. subglobosus and Euplectella suberea were known before to be widely distributed in the Atlantic Ocean. The total number of hexactinellid sponges known from Brazil has risen to 15 and from the south-western Atlantic to 23.


Garry Barker's essay "Home Again" (Appalachian Heritage, Fall 1990), the result of a painful return to Elliott County, Kentucky, for the funeral of relatives, aroused resentment among many Elliott Countians and even elicited a front-page editorial in the Elliott County News. The editorial acknowledged that Barker hadn't intended to offend anyone but suggested that he had been "gone from the mountains too long" to be qualified to write about them. In an open letter to the people of Elliott County, which appeared in the Elliott County News, Barker apologized for his inadvertent offenses, and in "Gone Too Long" (Appalachian Heritage, Fall 1993) he elaborated thoughtfully on his regrets about having given offense—and gave every writer whose work is associated with the Southern Appalachian region much to think about. Barker suggests that "many others who write about Appalachia from the relative security, prosperity, and isolation of a college campus, from a middle-class perspective based on old memories and reshaped values" have, like him, been gone too long. "How many of the people who regularly write about Appalachia really know," Barker asks, "from intimate, everyday contact, how the people they're writing about really feel and really live? How many write from memory and surface impressions? How many rely on statistics, interviews with hand-picked representatives, and what other writers have written?"


Ho-doped fiber lasers are of interest for high energy laser applications because they operate in the eye safer wavelength range and in a window of high atmospheric transmission. Because they can be resonantly pumped for low quantum defect operation, thermal management issues are anticipated to be tractable. A key issue that must be addressed in order to achieve high efficiency and minimize thermal issues is parasitic absorption in the fiber itself. Hydroxyl contamination arising from the process for making the Ho-doped fiber core is the principal offender due to a combination band of Si-O and O-H vibrations that absorbs at 2.2 μm in the Ho3+ emission wavelength region. We report significant progress in lowering the OH content to 0.16 ppm, which we believe is a record level. Fiber experiments using a 1.94 μm thulium fiber laser to resonantly clad pump a triple clad Ho-doped core fiber have shown a slope efficiency of 62%, which we also believe is a record for a cladding-pumped laser. Although pump-power limited, the results of these studies demonstrate the feasibility of power scaling Ho-doped fiber lasers well above the currently-reported 400-W level.1


In this paper, we demonstrate fifth-generation (5G) trial services using intermediate frequency-over-fiber (IFoF) based distributed antenna system (DAS) implemented in a 28-GHz millimeter-wave (mmWave) during Pyeongchang winter olympics. To extend mmWave-based 5G wireless coverage, IFoF-based DAS with 2 × 2 multiple-input multiple-output configuration is presented. Error vector magnitude (EVM) measurements of the 5G signal on the IF and mmWave bands are performed for both downlink and uplink transmissions over 5-km single mode fiber. The experimental results confirm that the minimum requirement for 5G signals, defined by the technical specification of the 3G partnership project, are satisfied by EVMs less than 9%. In addition, the developed IFoF-based DAS that supports 5G mobile service using 28-GHz mmWave was deployed in the city of Pyeongchang, during winter olympics. An ultra-high speed 5G data service was offered to the general public for 5G trial demonstration. The reference signals received power and data throughput of the 5G handset are measured while moving in a DAS section and 5G connected car section. We confirm that the downlink throughput of ∼1 Gb/s and uplink throughput of ∼200 Mb/s are achieved for the 5G trial service area in which an IFoF-based DAS is deployed. We also successfully demonstrate the 5G connected car service, which is one of the 5G key services, through deployed IFoF-based DAS. At the intersection of baseband unit and DAS deployed sections, a seamless handover is performed to smoothly support 5G-based autonomous driving service.


The effectiveness and efficiency of 17 housekeepers in terminal cleaning 292 hospital rooms was evaluated through adenosine triphosphate detection. A subgroup of housekeepers was identified who were significantly more effective and efficient than their coworkers. These optimum outliers may be used in performance improvement to optimize environmental cleaning. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2014;35(6):721–723


Various scavengers used in the study of hot halogen reactions were tested for the system »«Cl + CH3CI ^ CHs^'d + Cl, where the hot chlorine originated from neutron capture. I t was found that a 1 to 2 percent concentration of Br^ or I2 was an effective scavenger and removed radicals, thermal atoms and ions. Other scavengers which were tried required a mixture of a radical scavenger and a thermal halogen scavenger to obtain the true "hot" reaction yield. A value of 3.4 + 0.25 percent was obtained for the yield of the above hot atom reaction.


Research in virtualization, utility computing, distributed computing, and more recently networking, web and software services has provided chance to build a moderately latest term CLOUD COMPUTING. Cloud Computing implies a service on demand, service oriented architecture, complete information technology transparency for the end-user, vast flexibility, with less total cost of ownership, on-demand services and much more. The next leading edge in cloud computing security and conformity will be to generate transparency at the bottom-most layers of the cloud by mounting the standards, tools and linkages. If safety of organizations computing infrastructure cannot be trusted, the security of important data, software and services operation on zenith of that infrastructure falls into uncertainty. We believe clouds can extend the organization infrastructure-level policy controls and the security of end-to-end user, to handle even the most demanding safety measures of necessities for data and applications. Finally, this will facilitate organizations to take gain advantage of the cloud's benefits in supporting a vast range of business processes. This paper discusses upcoming technology for information management that is the concept of "cloud" computing, several of security issues it tries to address[1]. Keywords—"cloud" computing, virtual computing lab, virtualization, utility computing, end-to-end quality of Service.


To compare objective refraction using small‐zone eccentric laser ray tracing (LRT) wavefront aberrometry to standard autorefraction in keratoconus (KC), and whether the visual acuities achieved with these refractions differ from corresponding values in healthy eyes.


A complete understanding of a physical phenomenon must include an understanding of its dynamics: how it changes in time. One burgeoning area of condensed matter physics where dynamics are actively studied is in the magnetic excitations of frustrated spin systems [1]. Such spin systems can host exotic quantum liquid phenomena including fractional excitations, emergent gauge fields, and novel particle statistics. In addition to broadening basic scientific knowledge, understanding the dynamics of frustrated magnetic systems can further technological applications in quantum computing [2]. In 1D systems, where quantum fluctuations are greatly enhanced, dynamics of magnetic excitations can be more readily studied. One technique that has shown great utility in this endeavor is inelastic Raman spectroscopy [3]. While significant research has been performed in studying magnetic phenomena of 1D spin chains using inelastic Raman spectroscopy [4–16], the collection of spin systems probed has been limited to simple 1D spin chains and Spin-Peierls dimerized chains. To better understand magnetic phenomena of 1D magnetic systems, there is a need to study more complex spin chains. While synthesis of unique materials presents one route to this end, inelastic Raman scattering itself could also satisfy this need. One underappreciated feature of Raman spectroscopy is the interplay between spatial geometry and spin degrees of freedom. In particular, the relative orientation of incident and scattered photon polarizations with respect to a sample's crystallographic axes allows the inelastic Raman scattering spectrum to probe the ground state dynamics of operators besides the Hamiltonian. Even for simple geometries, such as a zig-zagged spin chain, these operators can possess di↵erent symmetries from the Hamiltonian. This begs the question as to whether one can use a given spin system with a fixed Hamiltonian to study qualitatively di↵erent spin phenomena by simply engineering the dynamical operator. In this proposal, I will present a theoretical approach to study the interplay between spatial geometry and inelastic Raman spectroscopy. I will first review some basic facts about magnetic insulators. Then, I will introduce the notion of a quantum liquid (QL) in 1D, 2D, and 3D materials as a particular phase of magnetic insulators. I will also briefly review some rich tools available to physicists to experimentally probe the exotic magnetic excitations of these phases. I will focus on inelastic Raman spectroscopy and discuss how it has been used to study magnetic excitations in 1D spin chains. Then, I will present my research aims in deducing the Raman response of spatial defects in zig-zagged 1D spin chains. Finally, I will finally present my work thus far [17] which uses a mean-field approach [18] to predicting inelastic Raman scattering spectra of 1D systems.


In this chapter, we investigate the dynamics of heterogeneity observed in multicomponent fluid membranes, particularly focusing on hydrodynamic effects due to the membrane and solvent. Two situations are discussed separately: above and below themiscibility transition temperature. In the former case, we calculate the wave number dependence of the effective diffusion coefficient by changing the temperature and/or the thickness of the bulk fluid. We also obtain the effective diffusion coefficient when multicomponent membranes are regarded as two-dimensional microemulsions. For the case below the transition temperature, we study the domain growth exponent in a binary membrane using a particle-based simulation method. With the addition


Localised Learning and Industrial Competitiveness Peter Maskell and Anders Malmberg BRIE Working Paper 80 October 1995 Paper presented at the Regional Studies Association European Conference on Regional Futures Gothenburg, 6. -9. May 1995 Peter Maskell, Copenhagen Business School, Danish Research Unit for Industrial Dynamics (DRUID/2), Nansensgade 19,2, DK-1399 Copenhagen K, Denmark, ( +45 3815 2881, Fax: +45 3929 2226, E-Mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Anders Malmberg, Uppsala University, Department of Social and Economic Geography, Norbyvagen 18 B, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden, ( +46 1818 2534, Fax: +46 1851 4116, E-mail: email@example.com. The paper is based on research by the authors as part of the project Regional Production Systems in the Nordic Countries supported by the Nordic Institute for Regional Research (NordREFO). Table of Contents Abstract Introduction: Towards the knowledge-based economy Knowledge creation Limits to learning Regional capabilities, institutions and localised learning. Enhanced knowledge creation: industrial districts


No one can replace Pushkin on the function and status in the history of poems and songs in Russia. The main feature of Pushkin's lyrics is sincerity, it is also the main feature of Russian poems and songs, and literature that he created and contributed to. With the close relation to sincerity, another feature of his lyrics is nature, simplicity and grace. The linguistic feature of his lyrics is simplicity and the particular beauty of harmony. His feature shown in sentiment and style is depression (a kind of bright depression, and deep and bright pathos) and it is connected with his constant experiencing, thinking, society and personal life.


BT2 is a BTB/TAZ domain protein with key roles in multiple stress responses and the plant development of Arabidopsis (Figueroa et al. 2005; Ren et al. 2007; Mandadi et al. 2009). Recent studies have demonstrated that apple MdBT2 functions as a negative regulator in diverse hormonal and environmental signal-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis, suggesting that MdBT2 integrates stress signals and anthocyanin biosynthesis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


The power industry in North America is changing rapidly as it moves toward de-regulation and open access. Most of the discussion on the benefits and problems associated with the changes have considered the effects on power generation, transmission and rates. The effect on the management of combustion by-products produced by the power stations will also be important, at least from the perspective of the utilities. The restructuring of the industry brings about major changes in the role and the generation out of fossil fired plants. The UK experience illustrates the turmoil to be expected as the market opens up and a long term market equilibrium emerges. Ontario Hydro, the publicly owned utility in Ontario Canada, has already faced many of these issues. This paper considers the UK experience and highlights the evolution of the by-products management program of Ontario Hydro`s Fossil Business Unit. As the industry prepares for de-regulation, these experiences provide useful insights and lessons for the future.


of the Disclosure 14 Drawing 15 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 0002 1. Field of the Invention 0003. The present subject matter relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing micronized progesterone and an oleic safflower oil, referred to herein as safflower oil type II. It also relates to medicines and products comprising the said pharmaceutical compositions. 0004. The present subject matter also relates to uses of the pharmaceutical compositions. 0005 2. Description of Related Art 0006 Progesterone is a hormone which is synthesized in human ovaries, more specifically in the cells of the corpus luteum, in varying plasma concentrations during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. To a lesser extent, progesterone is produced by the adrenal glands and the placenta during the second trimester of pregnancy. 0007 Progesterone is secreted in greater amounts from the 14th day of the menstrual cycle by the cells of the granulosa of the corpus luteum. It enables the maintenance and densi fication of the uterine mucosa until implantation of the egg in the uterus, the development of endometrial vascularisation, and the formation of uterine glands responsible for the ser rated aspect of the uterine wall. 0008. During pregnancy, progesterone prepares the mam mary glands for lactation and acts as a natural relaxant so as to prevent uterine contractions. If there is no fertilization, the progesterone level returns to normal. 0009 Progesterone secretion insufficiency, known as luteal insufficiency, may be responsible for many pathologi cal conditions, in particular Successive miscarriages, men strual cycle disturbances, and premenstrual syndrome. 0010 Dietary or nutritional supplementation with proges terone makes it possible to treat luteal insufficiencies, but oral administration of progesterone has suffered from certain limitations since progesterone is weakly absorbed by the intestine and, in addition, has a relatively short plasma half life. In fact, vaginal, rectal, and intramuscular routes of administration appear to be more Suitable for maintaining, for several consecutive hours, a progesterone concentration at the physiological level of the luteal phase. Dec. 30, 2010 0011. A formulation containing micronized progesterone in an oily Suspension, thereby making it possible to increase the bioavailability of the progesterone when administered orally, is disclosed in published French Patent Application 76 36007 (corresponding to published British Patent Specifica tion 1595 185 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,196.188). This formulation is marketed in France under the trade mark


The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, part of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, maintains the National Quality Measures Clearing House, an online library of evidence-based quality measures which is freely accessible. The mission of the National Quality Measures Clearing House is 'to provide practitioners, health care providers, health plans, integrated delivery systems, purchasers and others an accessible mechanism for obtaining detailed information on quality measures, and to further their dissemination, implementation, and use in order to inform health care decisions'. The resource includes:


A facile, yet precisely controlled and efficient atomic layer deposition (ALD) process is reported for high‐quality copper(II) sulfide thin films based on elemental solid sulfur as the source for sulfur; Cu(acac)2 (acac: acetylacetonate) is used as the copper precursor. In the deposition temperature range as low as 140–160 °C, the process proceeds in an essentially ideal ALD manner and yields single‐phase CuS thin films with appreciably high growth rate of ≈4 Å per cycle. When the deposition temperature is increased above 160 °C the growth rate considerably increases and flake‐like nanostructures evolve. All the as‐deposited films are crystalline, highly conducting, and specularly reflecting. Seebeck coefficient measurements confirm the p‐type conducting nature of the films. The direct optical bandgap as determined from UV–vis spectroscopic measurements varies in the range of 2.40–2.54 eV, depending on the deposition temperature.


This article argues that the decline in the incidence of poverty in Indonesia during the past two decades, as shown by the ofe cial estimates, is statistically as well as practically signiecant. Decomposition results using the ofe cial estimates indicate that intra-sectoral effects, in particular the decline in rural poverty in the 1980s, were the largest contributor to the drop in aggregate poverty. The decomposition also shows an unexpected result that population shift did not have a positive impact on poverty reduction. Growth-equity decomposition proves that economic growth has been responsible for much of the poverty reduction. The ofe cial estimates of inequality in consumption distribution, measured by the Gini coefe cient, do not show obvious changes in inequality, but an over-time pattern can still be detected. I discuss two key issues that concern the ofe cial poverty estimates: the poverty level and urban-rural poverty comparison. I also consider the usual expenditure inequality and provide estimates of income inequality, addressing issues concerning the group price-specie c index and different ways of looking at changes in inequality.


Abstract:This essay examines selected works from Hong Kong Chinese literature that exemplify the city's complex negotiations with its historical experience as a once British colony; its fraught position within China, and its present status as a global cosmopolis. It explores how writers contemplate Hong Kong's identity at various interstices—English/Chinese; Hong Kong/China; local/global—through their literary discourse. Reading the works of Wong Bik-wan, Leung Ping-kwan, Xi Xi, Hon Lai-chu, Chan Koon-chung, and Lee Bik-wa, the essay argues that the transnational, or worldly, dimension of Hong Kong literature is performed through its continual engagement with its colonial past, its urban cosmopolitan culture, and the discourses and technologies of global literary consumption. By virtue of its interlingual formations, crosscultural influences, and transmedial circulation, Hong Kong writing has carved out its own niche in relation to both Chinese and world literatures.


The typical head contains a 2x or 3 X magnifying lens, most helpful for appreciating subtle changes in the tympanic membrane, and also the bulb which is the light source. In recent years, bulbs have improved so that the previous objection of otologists that the electric illumination was not adequate no longer seems justified. Since the bulbs may become damaged and the filaments displaced, it is important to be sure that the filaments