It has been shown that superconducting vortices with antiferromagnetic cores arise within Zhang's SO(5) model of high-temperature supercondictivity. Similar phenomena where the symmetry is not restored in the core of the vortex were discussed by Witten in the case of cosmic strings. It was also suggested that such strings can form stable vortons, which are closed loops of such vortices. Motivated by this analogy, in following we will show that loops of such vortices in the SO(5) model of high-T c superconductivity can exist as classically stable objects, stabilized by the presence of conserved charges trapped on the vortex core. These objects carry an angular momentum which counteracts the effect of the string tension that causes the loops to shrink. The existence of such quasiparticles, which are called vortons, could be interesting for the physics of high-temperature superconductors. We also speculate that the phase transition between superconducting and antiferromagnetic phases at zero external magnetic field when the doping parameter changes is associated with vortons.


South Africa became television's final frontier in the industrialized world. The country first glimpsed TV at Johannesburg's Empire Exhibition in 1936 the very year the medium was launched in Britain and just four years after its experimental introduction in the USA. [l] Yet there would be a lag of four decades between that first Johannesburg sighting and the inauguration of a South African television service. By 1949, the Broadcast Amendment Act had already placed the introduction of TV under the aegis of the South African Broadcasting Corporation. But such was the National Party's resistance to the medium that this remained an interminably abstract responsibility by the time South African TV finally went on the air in 1976, over 130 nations could boast a prior service.


Background:
 It is well recognized that oxidative stress is responsible for fat accumulation and tissue inflammation, and causes endothelial cell damage that leads to the initiation of atherosclerosis. We and others have previously reported that vascular stiffness is increased with impaired vascular endothelial function in patients after Fontan operation. We hypothesized that increased oxidative stress is associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffening in patients with Fontan circulation

 Methods:
 Relationship of oxidative stress with endothelial function and arterial stiffness was examined in 16 Fontan patients. Endothelial function and arterial stiffness of forearm artery was measured by flow mediated dilatation. We also measured central arterial stiffness by calculating aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) during catheter drawback from the ascending aorta to the iliac bifurcation at the time of cardiac catheterization. Oxidative stress was estimated by measuring serum levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the urine as an anti-oxidant.

 Results:
 PWV of the ascending aorta but not of the descending aorta was significantly and positively correlated with oxidized LDL level (P<0.05). Ratio of oxidized LDL level and SOD activity, a balance between oxidative stress and antioxidant activity, was also significantly and positively correlated with the ascending aortic PWV. This was also the case even after controlling for age of the patients by multivariate analysis. Vascular stiffness and endothelial function of the forearm artery were correlated with the balance between oxidative stress and antioxidant activity. Enhanced oxidative stress was related to increased central venous pressure and age.

 Conclusion:
 Increased oxidative stress is associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction and central and peripheral arterial stiffening in patients with Fontan circulation. Antioxidant therapy may improve vascular health and thereby patient's outcome after Fontan operation.


Political thought is thought about the state, its structure, its nature and its purpose. Really its concern is with nothing less than "-the moral phenomena of human behavior in society"-. There is practically no limit to what statesman can do, provided he understands the rules of his art. He can tear down old states and build new ones, changes forms of governments, transplant populations, and build new virtues into the characters of his subjects. If a ruler lacks soldiers, he need blame no one but himself, for he should have adopted measures to correct the cowardice and efficiency of his people. The lawgiver is the architect not only of the state but of society as well, with all its moral-religious and economics institutions.


The architecture of the human femur could be produced as a pure growth structure, function playing no necessary part' (11), but alterations in the architecture are in accord with mechanical principles (12). Muscular forces play a part in the development of torsion in the humerus (13, 14). Endochrondral growth in lenKth of lopg bones in the rat (15), and growth of the epiphyses (16) were studied. Growth in length of long bones (17) was said to be predominantly periosteal (18) and predominantly endochondral (19 to 21); the causal relation ship between the events in endochondral ossification were analyzed (19 to 25). The role of functional and other factors in the develop ment and maintenance of structure were studied in the jaws and teeth of human foetuses, and in form changes :of the edentulous mandible (26). The development and function of the organic com ponent of enamel (27), and of cementum (28), and the relations be tween ameloblasts and odontoblasts were investigated.


Zonate leaf spots and severe defoliation were observed on Manchurian apricot (Prunus mandshurica) growing in a humid location in Korea from 2011 through 2013. The main symptoms included greyish green to brownish grey and zonate leaf spots without border lines, which mostly led to premature defoliation. The morphological characteristics of the causal agent were consistent with Hinomyces pruni. Identification was supported by analysing the sequence of the internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA from an isolate. The pathogenicity of the isolate was confirmed by artificial inoculation. This is the first report of zonate leaf spot caused by H. pruni on Manchurian apricot globally as well as in Korea.


Part 1 Framework for analysis of conservation policy: the Noah's ark problem, Martin L. Weitzman conserving biological resources with scarce resources, Stephen Polasky. Part 2 The value of biological diversity: biodiversity measures - conservation evaluation and phylogenetic diversity, Daniel P. Faith, on diversity, Martin L. Weitzman, measuring biological diversity, Andrew R. Solow and Stephen Polasky bioprospecting - valuing biodiversity for use in pharmaceutical research, David R. Simpson et al, valuing research leads - bioprospecting and the conservation of genetic resources, Gordon C. Rausser and Arthur A. Small, searching an ex-site collection of genetic resources, Douglas Gollin et al ecosystem services - the ecological consequences of changes in biodiversity - a search for general principles, David Tilman, biodiversity, resilience and the control of ecological-economic systems - the case of fire-driven rangelands, Charles Perrings and Brian Walker, valuing environmental functions - tropical wetlands, Edward B. Barbier existence values - economic benefits of rare and endangered species - summary and meta-analysis, John B. Loomis and Douglas S. White, measuring the existence value of wildlife - what do CVM estimates really show?, Thomas H. Stevens et al. Part 3 Conservation strategies: land use and the opportunity cost of conservation - species distributions, land values and efficient conservation, Amy Ando et al, pricing biodiversity, Claire A. Montgomery et al the marginal cost of species preservation - the case of the northern spotted owl, Claire A. Montgomery et al the US endangered species act - implementing the safe minimum standards approach - two case studies from the US endangered species act, Robert P. Berrens et al, patterns of behaviour in endangered species preservation, Andrew Metrick and Martin L. Weitzman, when the truth hurts - endangered species policy on private land with imperfect information, Stephen Polasky and Holly Doremus conservation strategies in developing countries -elephants, Michael Kremer and Charles Morcom, wildlife harvest in integrated conservation and development projects - linking harvests to household demand, agricultural production and environmental shocks in the Serengeti, Christopher B. Barrett and Peter Arcese, trade, tropical deforestation and policy interventions, Edward B. Barbier and Michael Rauscher, the structure of an environmental transaction - the debt for nature swap, Robert T. Deacon and Paul Murphy.


Identification of groundwater at Graha Mustamindo Permai 3 Housing Complex, Rimba Panjang Village, District Tambang, Kampar Regency, Riau Province has been done. The method used in this study is the geoelectric method with Schlumberger configuration. Identification of the aquifer layer was carried out on 2 tracking lines with a length of 100 meters. Measurement data were processed using software Progress. The results of data processing of track 1 and 2 show a maximum depth of 35 meters. The results of aquifer interpretation on track 1 are at depth of (3.90–11,13) meters with a resistivity value of 246.51 Ω.m. Track 2 is at a depth of (7.43–14.66) meters with a resistivity value of 142.15 Ω.m. Soil water samples were tested for pH parameters. All water samples have acid levels with an average pH of 5. So that it can cause rust an inner surface of water pipe resulting smelly water therefore the water cannot be consumed by the people.


In this paper, a cost efficient process chain is designed to shrink periodic nanopatterns to tunable feature sizes. The feature size of the final patterns can be controlled and adjusted. 100 mm full wafers featuring square holes with 130 nm, 160 nm, 190 nm and 220 nm feature sizes are fabricated from the original wafer containing circular holes with a diameter of 350 nm. The fabrication chain involves well-known technologies such as etching and soft UV nanoimprint lithography (UV-NIL). Based on a single original master, an intermediate template is fabricated featuring an inversed pyramid pattern using soft UV-NIL and subsequent wet chemical etch. By utilizing the slope of the inversed pyramid structures, the mask on the final substrate can be opened featuring tunable dimensions. Cryogenic etching based on SF6/O2 chemistry enables the creation of the final shrunk nanopatterns with smooth and vertical profile. The fabrication cycles involve only short imprinting and etch processes coping without costly electron beam writings. Therefore, the original microand nanostructure wafer can be shrunk into nanopatterns with tunable feature sizes at a constant pitch in a cost effective manner. The generated periodic nanopatterns can be adopted to the fields of NIL templates, photonic crystals, optics, energy conversion and


Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been applied to an increasing number of real-world problems of considerable complexity. Considered good pattern recognition engines, they offer ideal solutions to a variety of problems such as prediction and modelling where the industrial processes are highly complex. The present paper reports on the elaboration and the validation of a 'software sensor' using ANNs for online prediction of optimal coagulant dosage from raw water quality measurements, in a drinking water treatment plant. In the first part, the main parameters affecting the coagulant dosage are determined using a Principal Component Analysis. A brief description of this statistical study is given and experimental results are included. The second part of this work is dedicated to the development of a neural software sensor and the generation of an uncertainty indicator attached to the prediction. Bootstrap sampling has been used to generate a confidence interval for the model outputs. The ANN model was developed using the Levenberg-Marquardt method in combination with 'weight decay' regularization to avoid over-fitting. A linear regression model has also been developed for comparison with the ANN model. Experimental and performance results obtained from real data are presented and discussed.


Room temperature deposition of tantalum oxide films on metallized silicon substrates was investigated by reactive pulsed magnetron sputtering of Ta in an Ar/O2 ambient. The dielectric constant of the tantalum oxide ranged from 19 to 31 depending on the oxygen percentage [P(%)=PO2/(PO2+PAr)] used during sputtering. The leakage current density was less than 10 nA/cm2 at 0.5 MV/cm electric field and the dielectric breakdown field was greater than 3.8 MV/cm for P=60%. A charge storage as high as 3.3 μF/cm2 was achieved for 70-A-thick film. Pulse frequency variation (from 20 to 200 kHz) did not give a significant effect in the electrical properties (dielectric constant or leakage current density) of the Ta2O5 films.


Thank you for reading stop belly aching banish indigestion and irritable bowel syndrome. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their chosen novels like this stop belly aching banish indigestion and irritable bowel syndrome, but end up in harmful downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some harmful virus inside their desktop computer.


This is a review on cosmological perturbation theory. After an introduction, it presents the problem of gauge transformation. Gauge invariant variables are introduced and the Einstein and conservation equations are written in terms of these variables. Some examples, especially perfect fluids and scalar fields are presented in detail. The generation of perturbations during inflation is studied. Lightlike geodesics and their relevance for CMB anisotropies are briefly discussed. Perturbation theory in braneworlds is also introduced.


What could be more boring than sitting through an entire semester of a 'rules' course? I mused when asked by my dean to teach Professional Responsibility about nine years ago. And the class met four hours a week which exacerbated the situation. I never liked boring classes and I don't think anyone else does. And 'rules' courses (such as UCC based business transactions), civil and criminal procedure, and professional responsibility) more than others have the potential to be b-o-o-o-o-r-i-n-g. Is there anything worse than memorizing a bunch of rules? I accepted the challenge, lacking any reasonable alternative, and immediately began to ponder what might spice up the course. I theorized that the use of technology should offer an effective respite from the rigors of the traditional Socratic method.


ABSTRACf. A set of interactive strength equations based on the skew-bending model have been modified for designing rectangular beams subjected to torsion, bending and shear. The design procedure is a trial and error approach, and is based on the estimation of the required pure flexural moment capacity of the section to be designed. Torsion-bending-shear interaction data of a reference section have been used in estimating the pure flexural moment capacity. These data are presented in a tabular form and also as non-dimensional interaction diagrams. Four numerical examples covering different possible modes of failure are presented. The torsional moment capacities of the designed sections are compared with those given by the ACI code torsion equations.


A method is proposed for simulating optical object images formed by oblique or grazing-incidence coherent beams. The theoretical approach relies on the solution of a parabolic equation, which generalises the Fresnel integral. Our numerical results are given for experimental conditions close to those realised when use is made of modern soft X-ray lasers. The newly developed method may also be employed to simulate X-ray imaging systems developed around synchrotron and free-electron laser beams.


The technology of applying aluminum-water reaction to underwater vehicle is analyzed combining with the energy identity of metal fuel and different aluminum powders. The present research situation and development foreground are studied.


Fumonisins are a class of water-soluble secondary metabolite mainly produced by Fusarium moniliforme and Fusarium rotundus, which can contaminate a variety of foods and their products and severely affect agricultural and animal husbandry production (Scott, 1993). Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a major component of fumonisin compounds and occupies an important position in the toxic effects of fumonisin (Lino et al., 2007; Stockmann-Juvala and Savolainen, 2008; Chen et al., 2020). FB1 is frequently found in corn-based foods, and is a key contaminant in a large number of food products throughout the world (MarinaMartins et al., 2008; Domijan, 2012). The multiple toxic effects triggered by the exposure to FB1 in many animal species make FB1 contamination a severe public health problem (Hussein and Brasel, 2001;Wild and Gong, 2010). The high contamination rate and high detection cost of FB1 make it difficult to completely eliminate the risk of FB1 intake by livestock and poultry through feed (Ren et al., 2017). Clinically, long-term intake of food contaminated with fumonisin can increase the risk of esophageal cancer and cardiovascular disease in human, and cause nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and intestinal barrier dysfunction in different mammals, while ingestion of FB1-contaminated diets in pigs can specifically present with hydrothorax and pulmonary edema (Gbore and Egbunike, 2008; Scott, 2012; Stoev et al., 2012; Kamle et al., 2019; Régnier et al., 2019; Tardieu et al., 2019). Because pigs are an excellent model for cardiovascular and other diseases in humans, the mechanism for FB1 toxicosis in pigs must be characterized to permit assessment of its potential toxicity in human populations. At present, there are few studies on FB1-induced immunotoxicity, and studying themolecular mechanism of cellular action of FB1 toxicity will help to develop new prevention and control strategies for FB1. The development and wide application of various omics approaches have greatly boosted different fields of biological and biomedical studies. Among them, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq) techniques are particularly powerful in genome-wide transcriptomic and regulatory profiling (Ayturk, 2019; Shashikant and Ettensohn, 2019). RNA-seq can be used to profile the abundance of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) which have OPEN ACCESS


Background: During the last two decades, epidural analgesia has become 'a gold standard' for labour pain in most Western countries. Newer short‐acting opioids given systemically represent an alternative for adequate pain relief without using regional techniques. With this survey, we wish to explore how Norwegian hospitals practice labour analgesia, especially their use of systemic opioids.


President Dmitry Medvedev has been in office for more than a year, making this a suitable moment to offer a provisional assessment of his external security policy by analyzing his major security documents and statements. In July 2008, several months after his inauguration as president, Medvedev launched his first major security document, the Foreign Policy Concept. Shortly after the Russian-Georgian conflict of August 2008, Medvedev introduced a second security policy initiative, this time in the form of a statement on major policy principles. The next month, in September 2008, Putin's successor approved a specific strategy for the Arctic region. And in May 2009 President Medvedev ratified Russia's first National Security Strategy. Russia's military doctrine, the third pillar of the "troika" of the country's security policy hierarchy after the strategy and the foreign policy concept is expected to appear in a new edition during the course of 2009. Foreign Policy Concept (July 2008) On 12 July 2008, Medvedev signed a new edition of the Foreign Policy Concept (FPC), promulgating his first security document as president. The most salient entries in the document dealt with Russia's international status, Euro-Atlantic security structures and (security) cooperation with Eastern actors. As to its position in the international arena, the FPC described Russia as a great power with a full-fledged role in global affairs and as one of the influential centers in the modern world. Because of its status as a resurgent "great" or "super" power, Russia claimed to exert a substantial influence on international developments. In line with its strong international position, the FPC made it clear that Russia would protect the rights and legitimate interests of Russian citizens and compatriots abroad. With regard to Euro-Atlantic security, the FPC described Moscow's desire to create a different regional collective security and cooperation system than the one currently employed by the West, thereby ensuring the unity of the Euro-Atlantic region. Furthermore, the FPC rejected further expansion of NATO, especially concerning Ukraine and Georgia. The document also reiterated Moscow's opposition to the planned US missile defence shield in Europe. The Concept heavily emphasized the East, asserting deepened engagement in the format of the Russia-IndiaChina Troika, with China and India bilaterally and in the Russian–Chinese strategic partnership. In addition to this, the FPC explicitly mentioned the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) – a Russian-led military alliance of seven states of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) – as a key instrument for maintaining stability and ensuring security in the CIS. The foreign policy paper also referred to the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) – a political, economic and security grouping of Russia, China and four Central Asian CIS states – for its role in creating a network of partners in the Asia–Pacific Region. The FPC clearly reflected Moscow's policy priorities of the time. The document stressed that Russia had restored its international standing and was pursuing its own national interests instead of being influenced by the desires of other actors. This stance repeated policy statements from Putin's 2007 and 2008 security documents. The August 2008 Russo-Georgian conflict might also be considered as a policy action reflecting these views. The rejection of Western security actions – such as the existing Euro-Atlantic security architecture, NATO expansion and the US missile shield – had been incorporated into Russia's security policy during the latter part of Putin's second term, whereas Medvedev launched the proposal for a new EuroAtlantic security architecture in June 2008. The emphasis on partners – states and organizations – in the East coincided with Moscow's closer ties to China and the upgrading of CSTO and SCO from, respectively, a treaty and a grouping into full-fledged organizations in recent years. The FPC devoted considerable attention to energy, both in terms of security issues and resources. This approach was also in line with Putin's 2007 and 2008 statements. Energy became a consistent part of Moscow's security thinking due to its ability to produce high revenues and its use as an instrument of power, particularly during the gas conflicts with Ukraine. Another structural aspect of the Kremlin's security mindset included in the FPC was the importance of being a nuclear power. The document repeatedly mentioned the importance of the strategic nuclear deterrent,


Biological activity of the several immunosuppressive agents have been investigated in the group of the synthetic L-cysteine and 1,3-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid derivatives. The influence of different substituents on the pharmacological activity is discussed.


This paper presents the general design of a small radio controlled car with its main systems and also the process and phases of modeling the body work for this kind of car. The modeling started from the sketch of a real car, a Porsche 997, shaping the clay to its final form looking like a mixture of Nissan GTR and Porsche Cayenne but keeping the proportions of the 997 to a scale of 1:14.


The Government autonomous decentralized parish Rural of Lloa, despite not count with a
high number of officials, meets a function essential for the development of the parish, since
through the same is conferred and distributed resources not only economic, but also
contributions of them different members of the society, such is the case of the company
private that performs significant contributions via conventions of delivery of resources and
contributions professional; as well as the contribution main of entities State of where is
obtained them resources economic indispensable for your operation, what makes expedient
not only a proper administration, but the timely and truthful delivery of information to them
different bodies of control. The identification and analysis of the internal regulation of the
Board, as well as learn about its organizational structure through the information provided
by the officials of the Finance Department, provided information basis for the proposal for
the design of a Manual of Internal Control, administrative and accounting for the
decentralized autonomous Government of Lloa, same that will be oriented to seek the
satisfaction of both internal and external customers; as well as to serve of tool for their
officials to achieve in objective of quality of the Board; supporting the outcome of the
proposal.
Keywords:
Internal control, budget, processes, management.


The aim of this study is to explore the belief that incorporating physical education in a comprehensive manner can offer students a positive socialization experience. It also seeks to analyze dance within the context of Yulgok's Yi-Gi-Ji-Myo (理氣之妙) to demonstrate that dance embodies not only emotional beauty but also the aesthetic of sexual virtue. In this context, drawing inspiration from Yulgok's perspective on learning, this study asserts that an academic discipline that reconciles ideals with reality has the potential to bring about transformative change in the world. It employs the example of integrated sports to illustrate how education can be united with benevolent intentions to create a sense of beauty. This approach aligns with Yulgok's viewpoint. Furthermore, this study delves into the practical application of these concepts. It examines the moral aesthetics of dance, an expressive activity within the realm of physical education, based on the principles of rituals and music. Consequently, it is revealed that the beauty of togetherness can be actualized when human consciousness is grounded in rationality during the process of harnessing energy and gaining popularity.


Core-periphery model is generally used as a theory to interpret the spatial discrepancy of regional development and evolvement pattern of regional economic structure. From the facts of tourism resources, economic development, location and spatial position, this paper analyzes Guilin tourism spatial structure. It concludes that Guilin downtown should be the first core region, Yangshuo and Xing'an towns are the sub-core regions, and the rest towns are peripheric regions. Several strategy measures are for the tourism cooperation of the core and periphery regions.


The bulk density and total porosity readings are highly correlated to penetration resistance values. The goal of this study was to find the regression equations that allow the estimation of bulk density and total porosity of soil using the penetration resistance values. The work was developed in Leachate Yellowish Ferralitic and Brown soil types. For each soil type were taken 24 lectures with the penetrometer apparatus at random procedures, between 5 and 35 cm deep and penetration resistance values between 130 and 750 N cm -2 . In each point before were determined also the soil humidity and bulk density. The real density was evaluated for each soil type and the total porosity estimated. The penetration resistance value was used as independent variable in the regression equation estimation. Through t test was evaluated the relation between the real observation and the estimation values. The results showed a highly significant linear relation between bulk density and penetration resistance procedures, as well as between them and the total porosity, for both soil types. In the four regression equations, the quality of the functional relation, evidence clears statistic equality, with a probability of 1. The determined equations allow also estimating compaction indices for both soil types, using national scales, express in g cm -3 .


This paper is part of a study which addresses the reliability of Foreign Language Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) in Malay version.  Researchers find that the reliability of an instrument is closely associated with its validity and an instrument cannot be valid unless it is reliable. However, the reliability of an instrument does not depend on its validity. Therefore, this paper investigates the reliability of the instrument called FLCAS in Malay version.  FLCAS is widely used in collecting data relating to language anxiety and perhaps the most reliable and comprehensive tool in language anxiety.  This paper objectively measures the reliability of FLCAS by using Cronbach's Alpha, the most widely used objective measure of reliability.  The sampled population involved 302 respondents from the government secondary schools in Putrajaya Federal Territory, Malaysia.  The items had been translated into the Malay language and back translated into English.  Results show that the internal consistency of Crobanch's Alpha 0.90.  It can be concluded that FLCAS in Malay version is an appropriate instrument to measure the levels of language anxiety among the Malaysian secondary school students who learn English as a second language.


The article discusses the relationship between SARS transmission and IAQ in hospitals,suggests some improvement measures for IAQ in hospitals and SARS infection control measures,and introduces some related standards.


In the article, the results of the questioning of patients released from custody and suffering from different forms of tuberculosis have been given. In particular, it has been noted that men at the able-bodied age with a quite long «tuberculous anamnesis» prevailed among them. Emphasizing medicalsocial significance of those patients, the authors have noted that part of them did not want to be treated, because they did not want to lose their social benefits, were afraid to be poisoned by anti-tuberculous preparations and because of other factors. In the article, there have been detected the problems of this category of patients connected with their socialization and their wish to get help for solution of these problems from different structures.


The recently discovered twist-bend nematic phase, $\rm N_{tb}$, is a non-uniform equilibrium nematic phase that presents a spontaneous bend with a precession of the nematic director, $\textbf{n}$, on a conical helix with a tilt angle $\theta$ and helical pitch $P$. The stability of the $\rm N_{tb}$ phase has been recently demonstrated from the elastic point of view by extending the Frank elastic energy density of the nematic phase to include the symmetry element of helical axis, $\bf t$. In the present communication, we investigate the influence of an external bulk field (magnetic or electric) on the pitch of the $\rm N_{tb}$ phase. For a material with positive magnetic susceptibility anisotropy, when the magnetic field $\bf{H}$ is parallel to the helical axis, $\bf{t}$, the field modifies the coupling parameter between the director and the helical axis, thus shifting the interval of values for which this coupling results in the $\rm N_{tb}$ phase. If $\bf{H}$ is perpendicular to $\bf{t}$, it is shown that the pitch of the nematic director $\bf n$ precession increases with $\bf{H}$, and at a critical value of $H_c$ it becomes infinite as in a cholesteric liquid crystal, that is, one gets a uniform orientation of n. Our results include the behaviour of a cholesteric under field as a limiting case.


Due to the difficulty of field measurement of dynamic RCS of non-cooperative target,it is advantageous to use the simulation method to calculate the dynamic scattering. The all-round dynamic RCS of typical stealth aircraft was simulated based on all airspace static RCS database and aerodynamics. The attitude angles were modified by vibration model to make simulated results coincide with actual situation. In addition,Statistical modeling of dynamic RCS by χ2distribution,Log-normal distribution and Weibull distribution was investigated. The goodness-of-fit test results show log-normal distribution is a universal distribution to describe the dynamic RCS on different frequencies and polarizations. The results of this paper can provide a support for fast and accurate simulation of target's echo.


Scientific enterprise strategies are the long-term plans for its continuous development. The authors concluded that the enterprises in this country are without strategies and even if they are, the strategies are immature.


A December target date has been set for a DFS into Base Resources Ltd's Toliara minerals sands project with a funding outcome expected to follow soon after for the Malagasy development.


In patients who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with a balloon‐expandable valve, there were no statistically significant differences in permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation rates at 30 days between patients with and without rapid atrial pacing‐induced AV Wenckebach.
Rapid atrial pacing‐induced AV Wenckebach may signal potential conduction disturbances but is not an independent predictor of PPM after TAVR.
A large prospective study is warranted to further evaluate whether rapid atrial‐pacing‐induced AV Wenckebach improves risk stratification regarding the need for PPM after TAVR.


A new method for handwriting identification was presented.Individual characters was separated from a word choosed from a paragraph of handwritten text image which is given as input to the system. Then each of the separated characters are converted into column vectors of 625 values that are later fed into the adaptive neural fuzzy inference system(ANFIS), which was calculate membership function(MF) and  normalized firing strength.In our paper we were used triangular membership function and compare with others MF.The networks has been designed  with single layered  neural  network corresponding  to a character from a-z, the outputs of all the  column vector  is fed  into network the which has been developed using the concepts of correlation, with the help of this the overall  network is optimized with the help of column vector thus providing us with recognized outputs with great efficiency.


New di- and triorganotin(IV) complexes of meta- and para-phenylenebisdithiocarbamate(m- and p-pbdtc) have been synthesized and characterized by means of chemical analysis, mass spectrometry, and IR spectroscopy. The reaction of the m-pbdtc ligand with diorganotin(IV) halides resulted in 1:1 products, -pbdtc (R = Me, Cy, n-Bu) of dimeric nature whereas the p-pbdtc ligand led to an oligomeric or polymeric structure. The pbdtc ligands were also reacted with triorganotin(IV) halides to form monomeric complexes, The tin coordination chemistry of these complexes were also discussed in terms of Sn-C and Sn-S bonding modes.


This study reports a visible-light-driven photocatalyst of WO3@TiO2 core-shell nanorods prepared by a simple hydrothermal method and followed by the sol-gel method for surface coating. The composition, morphology and the related properties were characterized by several advanced techniques, such as XRD, TEM, and UV-vis spectroscopy. The results show that the WO3@TiO2 core-shell nanorods are composed of the WO3 nanorods with the width of ∼200 nm and the TiO2 shell with the thickness of 50-100 nm. The UV-vis absorption spectra show that the combination can make the adsorption range of the nanocomposites shift to long wavelength. The degradation of methylene blue (MB) was used to measure the photocatalytic activity of the catalyst under visible light irradiat ion. And the experimental results show that pure WO3 nanorods and TiO2 nanoparticles exhibit common photocatalytic performance with the degradation efficiency of 49% and 75% in 240 min and the reaction kinetic constant of 0.00267 min−1 and 0.00554 min−1, respectively. However, the photocatalytic performance has been greatly improved by the formation of the core-shell structure with various molar rat ios of W to Ti (1:2, 1:5, and 1:7). The core-shell nanorods (1:5) exhibits the largest reaction rate constant (0.01485 min −1), which is 5.56 times higher than that of pure WO3 and 2.68 t imes higher than that of pure TiO2, respectively. These findings may be useful for the photocatalyst for practical use.


The spectrum of neurological manifestations of COVID-19 range from anosmia and dysgeusia to myopathy and encephalitis. With the persistence of COVID-19 pandemic and the increase of infected subjects, new acute manifestations and sequels are being discovered. Lately, a new important neurological complication has been reported: Small Fiber Neuropathy (SFN). The existing literature reports cases of dysautonomia, orthostatic intolerance, and hyperesthesia manifestations, until the moment.


The optimal linear regulator for time-invariant systems is considered with cheap control, that is, with light weighting of the control energy. Conditions are found characterizing uniform boundedness of the state trajectories, and the results are interpreted in terms of the optimal root loci and the canonical form of the system description.


That this is the tenth edition of the book shows that it has a well-deserved popularity. This edition gives all of the recent advances in medical science which have been accepted as proven, and the student can accept (he teachings with confidence. On glancing over the 'Preface to the Tenth Edition' one reads on the third line:?'Notes on tularaemia, cresol phosphate neuritis and minor subjects have been added'. Not being familiar with this particular brand of neuritis, the reviewer looked it up in the index. Not a trace of it could be found. Eventually it was tracked down in the text and found to be placed under the heading of Jake paralysis in the last 6 lines of the section on diseases of the nervous system. It was also to be found in the index under this heading. This slang terminology may be a sufficient indication to American students, but it certainly is not very enlightening to the average English or Indian reader. Actually one finds that it is ' a severe type of peripheral neuritis due to tricresolphosphate, a cheap constituent of many varnishes and lacquers, which tastes like ginger and


BESPOKE FAÇADES AND COMPONENTS FOR INDUSTRY AND ARCHITECTURE www.bellapart.com firstname.lastname@example.com Bellapart, s.a.u. Edifici Free Minds Ctra. de la Parcel·lària, 32 17178 Les Preses, Catalonia (Spain) T. +34 972 275001 B el la pa rt S A U N .I. F. A -1 70 78 52 8 In sc rit o al R eg . M er c. d e G iro na : H oj a G I-9 09 2, T om o 46 2, F ol io 1 58 Composite steel-glass fins for the lobby façade of Iberdrola Tower


This paper explains the conditional-normative accounting methodology (CoNAM) and its origin, offering a comparison of the normative, positive, and conditional-normative approaches. It also discusses the difference between the pragmatic versus a more scientific treatment of CoNAM. However, the main thrust of the paper is directed toward the schism in academic accounting between the positive accounting theory (PAT) and the critical interpretive view (CIV). To better understand CIV, the paper attempts to explain the philosophic roots that reach from Husserl and some Marxist writers to Foucault, Derrida, and Baudrillard. This schism seems to call for a new synthesis that avoids extreme positions but draws upon insights from both camps. In this search, CoNAM might be helpful by exploring means-end relations and connecting value judgements to accounting theory in a fairly "objective" way.


In this review content, it has been described the botanical and the chemical properties of turmeric ( Curcuma longa ), and its curcuminoid polyphenolic structures and antioxidant and anticarcinogenic influences on various cell proliferation and apoptosis. Besides it was emphasized the innovative anticarcinogen complex as boron-curcumin, and the safety evaluation with turmeric curcumin and the dose and toxicity in consuming for animals and human


The determinantal factor on p. 512 of Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc. 61 (1965), should have the off-diagonal element in position (s, t) of the array multiplied by bst. This slip was pointed out to me by Dr Donald Knuth. When the rooted-labelled tree is not necessarily 'chromatic,' so that the bss's can be 1, the diagonal terms of the matrix become


Estimates are made, by using BHandHLYP/6-311G** density functional molecular orbital theory, of the activation energies and frequency factors for a series of reactions of aliphatic hydroperoxyl radicals, in which there is the loss of an OH radical, accompanied by the formation of a cyclic ether. In common with many other examples, reactions to form a 3-membered ring are more facile than analogous reactions to form larger rings.


The paper focus on the MBA education in China.In order to improve the quality of our MBA education,the System Dynamics method is used to build a SD model of the MBA project. By analysis the feedback loops in this model,some archetypes were found.There are two archetypes of limits to growth and one archetype of shifting the burden to the intervenor.As we all know,there are some archetypes in the management system,and the system thinking is so important that if we can′t find these archetypes and deal with them correctly,our system will be broken.But it is always very hard to find all the archetypes,especially when the system is very complex.But using the method in this paper with is called the method of minimum archetypes generation set,all of the archetypes in a complex system can be found correctly and quickly.No matter how complex the dynamics systems are,our method is very useful when we analysis its feedback loops structure.In this paper,we analyzed how to improve the quality of MBA project based on the SD model and the archetypes in it,and got some management conlusion.


Spinal tests have been performed by an ultrasound-based movement test system
at the Biomechanical Laboratory of the Department of Applied Mechanics of
the Budapest University of Technology and Economics for several years. The
system is suitable for rapid tests of the mobility, structure, and
deformations of the spine, screening tests, and monitoring. Tests and
evaluation take a short time: a complete screening test takes 20 to 25
minutes, a simplified test about 5 minutes. Besides its numerous advantages,
it should be noted that the total cost of installing the system -
equipment, software, hardware - is only about 8000 EUR. This article presents
the structure and use of a modern ultrasound-based system as well as the
results of our investigations.


There is little information available concerning PAs in thyroid cells. Data are rather contrasting. PA activity was found in human thyroid gland (Rijken, Wijngaards and Welbergen 1981) and in primary culture of ovine thyroid cells (Mak, Eggo and Burrow 1984). In FRTL-5 rat thyroid cells, no PA activity nor PA proteins were detected. (Mak, Eggo and Burrow 1984; Cassano, Ragno, Blasi and Rossi 1989). Recently using the ovine thyroid cell line OVNIS, we reported PA activity production (Degryse, Maisonobe, Hovsepian and Fayet 1991). The aims of this study are to: i) demonstrate PA activity in porcine cells using the two thyroid lines PORTHOS and ATHOS; ii) identify the type of PA produced; iii) show an insulin effect on PA activity; iv) describe the way by which insulin increases PA activity: via an enhancement of PA protein synthesis or through a decrease of PA inhibitor? As far as we know this question remains unanswered till today.


This paper describes model tests of different types of tapered piles in cohesionless soils. Chromium plated three steel piles, one straight and two taper-shaped piles of same length and pile tip diameters have been executed for pile loading test in a downward frictional mode. Two different types of model grounds have been prepared for the test. Relative densities of 80 % and 60 % have been modeled to penetrate piles in two different types of sands to observe the effectiveness of skin frictions of different types of piles. The response of tapered piles has shown that the skin friction has increased with increasing the tapering angle at normalized settlement ratio of 0.4. High density ground yields higher skin friction when the maximum tapered pile was penetrated. Slightly increased tapering angle of the pile affects remarkably on the skin friction with compared to conventional straight cylindrical pile even at small 0.1 settlement ratios.


The fabrication technology and performances of new type space charged particle detectors fabricated by using planar technology and ion implanted technique were described. the sensitive areas were 98mm, 9l2mm and the thicknesses were 100 μm, 300 μm, 450 μm and 1000 μm respectively. At the full deplation bias the typical leakage current ranging of 0. 5-10.11 nA and typical energy reso lution ranging of 0. 69%-0. 86% (for 241Am α-particles)were obtained. At the temperature of 60℃ the variating of performances was allowable for space application .


v CHAPTER 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 2: REVIEW OF CURRENT LITERATURE 5 2.1 Sleep and Health 5 2.1.1 Stages of Sleep 5 2.1.2 Sleep Quality 6 2.2 Sedentary Time and Health 12 2.2.1 Screen-time Sedentary Behavior 14 2.3 Sleep and Physical Activity 16 2.3.1 Reciprocal Nature of Physical Activity and Sleep 17 2.4 Sleep and Sedentary Time 18 2.4.1 Screen Time and Sleep 19 2.5 Measurement Tools 20 2.5.1 Measuring Sleep 20 2.5.2 Measuring Sedentary Time 26 CHAPTER 3: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SLEEP AND SEDENTARY TIME, AND THE IMPACT OF VARYING SLEEP PATTERNS 31 Abstract 31 3.


We show that investors base parts of their investment decisions in delegated portfolio management on their social perception of the manager. Relying on a novel dataset of a European social trading platform, in which portfolio managers describe themselves and their expertise by written text, we show that a positive tone of these descriptions has an inverted u-shaped effect on portfolio inflows. At the same time, we find no significant differences in performance of managers. By testing the underlying mechanism in two experiments conducted in Germany and the US, our results reveal that the use of positive tone influences portfolio inflows because managers are perceived differently on the two global dimensions of social perception, warmth and competence.


Objective: To explore the nursing key points and measures of perioperative nursing in patients with endometrial carcinomas complicated with diabetes.Method: To retrospectively analyse the clinical data of 58 cases with endometrial carcinomas complicated with diabetes from 2001 to 2008.Result: All the patients cured and left hospital without severe postoperative complications after strengthening examining and controlling of blood glucose and diet managing incision and simultaneously pay attention to psychological nursing.Conclusion: The key of successful operation is insulinized treatment and keeping relative steady concentration of blood glucose.


This paper will analyze the implementation of video lectures as a new form of teaching material which could play an important role in situations when it is necessary to adopt online education, as was the case during the global pandemic caused by the SARS-COV-2 virus. In addition to video lectures, our students were given access to a course book and PowerPoint presentations which included voice recordings of the instructor. The students took part in a survey to identify the form of teaching they found to be most useful. The results were analyzed in this paper, and a classification made in an attempt to answer the question of whether video presentations are a sound investment. The prioritization of the criteria on which to base the evaluation of the educational methods included in the teaching process will be carried out using the PIvot Pairwise RElative Criteria Importance Assessment - the PIPRECIA method.


Objective. To compare the sex differences of various components of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods. Data of 4823 patients from a large observational cohort study were analyzed. Remarkable differences were noted between the sexes, and overall, women had significantly higher disease activity. Results. When variables were adjusted using sex, age, and duration, Health Assessment Questionnaire, rather than Disease Activity Score, contributed most to sex difference. Further analysis showed evidence that progression of disability was approximately 3 times more rapid in female patients compared to male patients. Conclusion. Women overall have higher RA disease activity and are prone to greater and faster progression of disability over time.


This study aimed at contributing to the soil-feeding termite knowledge in the primary, secondary and swampy forest inside Taï National Park (Côte d'Ivoire). The objective was to assess the diversity and abundance of soil-feeding termite species in these different habitats. With a standardized method, data were collected on soil-feeding termite from habitats. The results showed a significant variation of soil- feeding termite subfamilies between the habitat types. 45 soil feeding termites species and morpho species have been recorded and identified. They belong to the Termitidae family, 3 subfamilies (Apicotermitinae, Cubitermitinae, and Termitinae), 28 genera and 428 occurrences. The highest occurrence of species (70.60%) belongs to the Apicotermitinae subfamily followed by the Termitinae (16.14%) and the Cubitermitinae (13.25%). This study has identified some new species belonging to Apicotermitinae subfamily in the Tai National Park using the anatomy of the gut of workers. These new species will be described later.


Men and women living in the north of England can expect to live two years less than those in the south, latest government statistics show.

A north-south divide—with higher rates of smoking, more deaths from smoking, more binge drinking, and twice as many families receiving means tested benefits in areas of the north—continues to exist, says a new report from the Department of Health.

Twice as many men in the North East governmental region as in the South East think they are in poor health, and the number of hospital admissions for alcohol related conditions in the North West is 2.5 times that in the East of England region (East Anglia, Bedfordshire, Hertfordshire, and Essex).

"There is a consistent 'north-south' divide, …


Consider a multi-channel supply chain (hereafter SC) system, producing and distributing two substitutable products. Within this framework, we study the SC efficiency by comparing several decentralized SC configurations with a centralized one. Our result show that it is often possible to achieve 93.5% or more of the total profit of a centralized SC in a decentralized configuration, which suggests that choosing SC configuration wisely has the potential to be an alternative to coordination.


Abstract Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) populations are declining and western brook lamprey (Lampetra richardsoni) status is unknown in the Pacific Northwest. Accurate measures of fish condition are a basic requirement to monitor health and status of fish populations. Fulton's condition factor has traditionally been used to assess condition of larval lamprey but alternative field-based and laboratory-based measures have not been assessed. We compared condition factor, body density, and lipid content of sympatric larval Pacific lamprey and western brook lamprey in 2010 and 2011 from two rivers of the Pacific Northwest. Condition factor was higher for Pacific lamprey than it was for western brook lamprey. All measures were variable and correlations among condition indices were weak. Body density and lipid content were higher in western brook lamprey in one year suggesting the possibility of increased energy requirements of metamorphosis to a nontrophic adult stage. The body density technique was onerous and likely has little field-based practicality. Body density and lipid content had a negative relationship as increased lipids leads to a more buoyant and less dense fish. Condition factor did not appear to be a good predictor of lipid content in our study and a suite of complex factors, including lipid dynamics prior to metamorphosis and nutritional resources, may underlie these results. This study provides one of the few empirical datasets on sympatric lampreys with different life history strategies.


Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare chronic hematologic disorder characterized by uncontrolled terminal complement activation, major adverse vascular events (MAVEs, including thrombosis) and increased morbidity and mortality. Where available, ravulizumab is considered the standard of care for patients with PNH, supported by pivotal studies of adult complement inhibitor-naïve and complement inhibitor ‑ experienced patients with PNH (studies 301 and 302, respectively). Published data are available for the primary evaluation period (26 weeks) and up to 18 months of the open ‑ label extension (OLE) period for both studies


The care delivered by emergency medical system (EMS) personnel makes intuitive sense in that it is similar to emergency department care—only sooner. The author of this article found that, in fact, quite of few differences exist in these systems of care! This article describes the experience of an ex-home care nurse who chose to use her skills as a volunteer with the community ambulance company. Differences in standards of practice and roles of the EMS versus a nurse are discussed, along with the process for resolving conflicting practice principles.


E Marstein, S Babich Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Oslo, Norway Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, United States Contact: firstname.lastname@example.com Issue Global health public policies have for years yielded to a pattern of corporatization or a growing reliance on corporate-led solutions to complex public health problems. This is reflected in the widespread privatization and marketization of public health services evident in national health system changes underway around the world. Description Powerful foundations use venture philanthropy to shape the global health policy agenda. Utilitarian logic or consequentialism form the rationale under such banners as effective altruism or venture philanthropy in contrast to deontological ethics in which moral duty is central. This analysis employed a scoping review of relevant literature over the past thirty years to identify and describe terms and precepts serving as ethos or moral rationale for corporate actions on behalf of global public health and related stakeholders. How does venture philanthropy influence the shape, pace and direction of global public health policies and programs? Who benefits? What are the implications for the public's health? How can leaders use this information to promote improved health and equity in health for all people? Results Preliminary analysis suggests that neo-liberal precepts applied to global public health policies and actions may in some instances undermine long term solutions that support social structures and governance models that promote health and health equity of populations. Lessons Global health leaders must be aware of and understand the underlying ethos and implications of concepts such as venture philanthropy and effective altruism as they apply to solutions to global health problems.


This study investigates the effect of product market competition on the overreaction to intra-industry information transfers. There is evidence in the extant literature that the stock market overreacts to the information transfers resulting from the earnings announcements of early peers. Recent studies have examined why investors overreact to information transfers. This study predicts that the overreactions to intra-industry information transfers are stronger (weaker) in the face of high (low) product market competition. Focusing on the Japanese stock market, this study reports that the overreaction to the first announcer's earnings announcements is observed only when firms face higher product market competition, which is consistent with the prediction. This result implies that product market competition is the significant determinant of the accounting anomaly related to intra-industry information transfers.


The implementation of green innovation in the companies is the interest of the governments all over the world. This has been the main focus of the Copenhagen Protocol and Kyoto Protocol that require all governments to preserve the nature through green initiatives. This paper proposes a mathematical model on the leadership attributes of the top management in ensuring green innovation implementation in their companies' strategies to reduce operational cost. With green innovation implementation in the Government-Linked Companies (GLCs), we identify the leadership attributes are tied up to the leadership style of the top managers in the companies. Through this model we have proved that green type leadership always contributes better in cost saving, therefore it is a more efficient leadership attribute for the GLCs especially.


A numerical procedure has been developed to deconvolute the lateral integrated spectra of a laser-induced plasma. Three-dimensional distributions of emissivity, temperature, electron density and relative atom density have been obtained for an iron plasma.


The Anopheles culicifacies mosquito is a vector for malaria found in southern India. Control of the Anopheles culicifacies mosquito as a vector needs to be carried out appropriately and in an environmentally responsive manner. The research aimed to examine the mortality and growth of Anopheles culicifacies mosquito larvae due to administration of Stephania japonica L leaf extract and to determine the effective concentration of S. japonica leaf extract in increasing mortality and reducing the growth of Anopheles culicifacies mosquito larvae. A bioassay for mosquito repellence and biocidal activity was performed. Mortality data was obtained by bio testing, which was then tested using probit analysis to determine the effectiveness of the test material. The results showed that larval mortality increased with increasing extract concentration. The extract's effectiveness against the test larvae was demonstrated by the toxicity level of the extract (LC 50-48 hours ) being 5.01%. Larval growth also decreased with increasing extract concentration; GI (Growth index) values ranged from 0-1, and RGI (Relative growth index) values ranged from 81% to 100%.


I have argued elsewhere that respect for human rights requires a robust notion of responsibility, and that this in turn depends on folk-psychological ideas including free will, and also that such ideas need to be articulated in such a way that they can be used in combination with contemporary science in the development of the criminal law. Stephen J. Morse contends that responsibility is explained by our capacity to grasp and be guided by good reasons, and that this is so despite the truth of determinism. In this article, I consider whether Morse's criterion is sufficiently robust to support human rights in an era when science is suggesting that behavior is just the causal product of genes and environment, and whether the criterion is such that it can satisfactorily be used together with science in the development of the criminal law. I contend that Morse's criterion presupposes the ability to reason consciously and informally, using emotional feelings as well as logic, and to bridge a gap that exists between reasons on the one hand and conclusions and actions on the other. I suggest that, on this criterion, we can be responsible because the reasons do not compel conclusions, so that, in the exercise of the capacity Morse refers to, we can either heed and obey the requirements of the law, or not do so, as we choose. So interpreted, I contend, the criterion can be sufficiently robust to support human rights notwithstanding the claims of science that I have mentioned, and to contribute to the development of the criminal law, but I also contend that the criterion itself suggests a possible qualification to those claims and implies that the question of determinism should at least be left open.


Formulae for Σ l=1 n ik when k is a positive integer are well known, and many methods for finding them have been described. This article gives an account of an approximate, but remarkably accurate, formula which I have found for the case k =1/2.


Resumen en: Earth's crust can be conceived as a hierarchical set of objects of many shapes and sizes with fractal behavior. In fact, many geological phenomena are sc...


We performed the visible spectroscopy of Near-earth asteroid 1998 SF36, which is the target body of MUSES-C mission, using Subaru telescope equipped with FOCAS on Dec.31 in 2000. Wavelength range is from 400nm to 900nm with about 2nm resolution. We report the result of the observation. Slope of the obtained spectrum of the reflectance is steep, 1micron absorption band around 1-micron meter does not exist or it is week. Comparing this spectrum with those of standard asteroids, it is considered that taxonomic type of 1998 SF36 is D-type, S-type, or T-type, and that most probably D-type. We performed the visible spectroscopy of Near-earth asteroid 1998 SF36, which is the target body of MUSES-C mission, using Subaru telescope equipped with FOCAS on Dec.31 in 2000. Wavelength range is from 400nm to 900nm with about 2nm resolution. We report the result of the observation. Slope of the obtained spectrum of the reflectance is steep, 1micron absorption band around 1-micron meter does not exist or it is week. Comparing this spectrum with those of standard asteroids, it is considered that taxonomic type of 1998 SF36 is D-type, S-type, or T-type, and that most probably D-type.


The present invention, in the interworking function device, and relates to a method of distributing a group message machine type communication, the method comprising: receiving a group message from a service capability server, group step message, location / area information, radio access technology information, including external group identifier information, and / or application layer data, for selecting and receiving, the transmission mode under a predetermined policy according group messages , or geographic acquiring transmission mode by querying the home location register or home subscriber server, the location / area information group message is transmitted in accordance with group messages Group converted to rear, the mapping and the step of updating a group message in its geographical area, an external group identifier information according to the information in the home location register or home subscriber server within the group identifier information, the updated a step of updating a group message within the group identifier information in order to retrieve the message, to send the group message according to the updated group message, the core network node or broadcast system node and performing a query to a home location register or home subscriber server, in the transmission mode selected, the core network node or broadcaster And transmitting the updated group message to strike system nodes.


In an earlier study, we unexpectedly found that defendants charged with sex crimes were four times less likely to be convicted than were all other defendants. We now report that failure to convict for rape was associated with failure to come to trial and that minor sex crimes were tried, but often continued without a finding, even when the judge found sufficient facts to make a guilty finding. Whether a minor crime involved a victim and whether the defendant has a criminal record both relate to verdict, but psychiatric history did not. The implications for understanding "acquittal of the guilty" are discussed.


Based on the aviation channel characteristics,analysis was made to the background and applicable conditions of Egli,Okumura-Hata,and Longley-Rice models. A method for modeling the aviation wireless channel by using Longley-Rice model was proposed,and the simulation algorithm of the LongleyRice model was deduced out. Simulation was made to analyze the attenuation of the model under different frequencies,different types of climate,and different terrains. Experimental data verify the accuracy and effectiveness of the model,which can provide a reference for aviation communication engineering modeling.


Palavras-chave: epistemologia da pratica, saberes de professores, praticas docentes. ABSTRACT. The place of pedagogic practice and teacher knowledge in teacher training. This paper proposes to reflect about teacher training, focusing on an analysis of the teacher's knowledge built up over the pedagogical practice. The reflections presented here come from a study conducted in the doctoral level, specifically with regard to teacher education, although for this text, issues have been brought related to teacher education in their most conceptual and epistemological aspects, through a bibliographical study. The theoretical support is based, among others, on Cunha (2003), Tardif (2001; 2002), Pimenta (2000) and Pimenta and Anastasiou (2002).


A new current controlled current conveyor is presented ,this circuit is composed of 6 complex transistors improved current mirrors and 1 translinear loop. In transfer precision aspect this circuit is better than common current controlled current conveyor. Pspice simulation and actual circuit is conducted and the result shows the proposed circuit is valid and effective.


Felix Guattari and Gilles Deleuze introduced the rhizome as a metaphor in curriculum theorizing. It is a philosophical lens that subjects curriculum and knowledge to multimodal ways of making meaning devoid of any arborescent or linear source. The study applied this framework to plot the teaching episodes in History classes in Philippine secondary schools against the six principles of the rhizome theory as a shift in teaching History from factual knowledge to domain-based skills. This research is novel, as there, is currently a dearth of literature on the subject in the Philippines. Ten secondary History teachers were purposively chosen to participate in classroom observations and semi-structured interviews. Using narrative inquiry this study afforded an eidetic description of actual teaching practices that typify traces of rhizomatic principles. Key results of this study include a finding, that: (1) History, as a discipline, is taught from different lenses and perspectives; (2) History teaching is a multiplicity; (3) new ways of teaching History are developed when teachers problematize what limits students' achievements; and (4) historical discourse is open to interpretations, connections, and parallelisms to contemporary context. Teachers and school administrators may find value in this study by exploring the use of rhizomatic teaching as an innovative teaching practice, which can eventually become a criterion for teaching effectiveness.


Water management requires constant supervision. Real-time data is crucial for the optimal preventive action as well as for the proper curative treatment. In the framework of the project Ljubljanica povezuje, three automatic gauging stations are planned to be set up along the river basin i.e., Lipe, Kamin and the Ižanska station. They will be sited on the Ljubljanica and Ižica rivers. The aim of the
thesis is to develope a system which would transfer the hydrological data (flow, speed, temperature) from the stations and display them on the internet. To collect the hydrological data in the field, I used the ultrasonic meter Starflow and then described the radio communication of the meter Starflow with the computer. We have developed a softwear tool (software) which is remotely linked (via radio
communication) to the Starflow meter and collects the hydrological data. Data is then processed and exported into Microsoft Access database. The described procedure is completely automated. The second part of the thesis describes the task of designing a web page where real-time data (collected from gauging stations) is displayed.


The invention relates to a nozzle holder (1) for a nozzle changer for mounting and / or dismounting of nozzles (2) on a processing head of a laser processing machine, comprising: a nozzle support member (3) for supporting at least one nozzle (2), a detachably connected to the nozzle support member arranged (3) coupling element connected (4) for fixing the nozzle housing (3) to the nozzle changer, and a locking device (5) with at least one locking element (6) and an inside of the nozzle support member (3) actuating element (7) for actuating the locking element (6), wherein the actuating element (7) for releasing the connection between the nozzle support member (3) and the coupling element (4) from a locking position to a release position is movable. The invention also relates to a nozzle changer with a plurality of nozzle holders (1) and a laser processing machine having such a nozzle changer.


Objective To assess the safety and feasibility of minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy in treating kidney Staghorn stones. Methods One hundred and eight patients with kidney calculi treated by minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy from January 1998 to May 2004 were retrospectively investigated.Results Of 108 cases, 86% stone-free rate was achieved using one-stage minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy. All cases were with 1 to 3 tracts. Only one case of pyonephrosis suffered from postoperative infective shock in one-stage minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy. Another one case of diabetes suffered from postoperative ketoacidosis, no major complications were noted in the other patients. Conclusion Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy is safe and effective in treating kidney calculi. Compared to traditional percutaneous nephrolithotomy, it has the advantages of less invasion and easy recovery.


This document describes the probabilistic structural serviceability assessment approach using a simulation-based concept, SBRA, documented in Marek, et al., 1995. All input values (including loadings) are expressed by bounded histograms, an appropriate transformation model is selected and applied, the reliability function is analyzed using the direct Monte Carlo method and the resulting probability of failure Pf is compared with target probability Pd contained in specifications. In serviceability assessment the limiting values must be defined either by the user or owner or specification writing body. The serviceability assessment procedure is demonstrated using a pilot example. The SBRA concept permits the application of constant serviceability limitation as well as for considering the 'blurred' limiting values.


The primordial emergence of biopolymers agents of the ge netic machinery in modern cells is not less enigmatic than the emergence of the genetic code itself Here we discuss how potential early replicat ing protocellular systems based on a rudimentary form of inheritance a compositional genome could evolve towards the emergence of al phabetic polymers predating the genetic code A computer simulated evolutionary process based on our previously proposed kinetic model may help understand the appearance of chemical combinatorics through early natural selection


ABSTRACT Soil phosphorus (P) forms have been practically defined as chemically fractionated pools. A knowledge of the abundance and diversity of P forms in soil, and the factors affecting them, will lead to better soil management. However, little is known about the differences in P forms among soils with different geological properties in tropical Africa. The aim of this study was to investigate the P forms in soils with different physicochemical properties formed under different geological conditions in southern Tanzania and to identify the factors affecting the P forms in these soils. In total, 37 surface soil samples were collected from three geological groups; the plutonic (mainly granite) rock (PL) group, the sedimentary and metamorphic rock (SM) group, and the volcanic ash (V) group. Soil P was sequentially extracted by NH4Cl, NH4F, NaHCO3, NaOH + NaCl, and HCl, and inorganic (Pi) and organic P (Po) in each fraction were determined. The lowest total P was in the PL group (average, 360 mg P kg-1) because of the high sand content. Iron (Fe)-P (NaOH-Pi) was the major form in this group, accounting for 8.4% of total P. In the SM group (average total P, 860 mg P kg-1), Fe-P was the major form in most, accounting for 7.8% of total P. Soils in the SM group occasionally had high calcium (Ca)-P due to application of chemical fertilizer at the collection site. The V group had the highest total P (average, 1600 mg P kg-1) and its major P form was Ca-P, which was possibly derived from primary minerals (i.e., apatite), accounting for 14% of total P. In addition, the high oxalate-extractable Al possibly caused the accumulation of Al-P in the V group. Oxalate-extractable Fe generally increased with increasing Fe-Pi, while oxalate-extractable Al increased with increasing organic P and Al-Pi in soils in all three geological groups. These results demonstrate that the soil P forms differ greatly among sites in southern Tanzania with different geological conditions and associated soil properties.


A new procedure for modeling the conjugate heat‐transfer process between fluid and structure subdomains is presented. The procedure relies on higher‐order combined interface boundary conditions (CIBC) for improved accuracy and stability. Traditionally, continuity of temperature and heat flux along interfaces is satisfied through algebraic jump conditions in a staggered fashion. More specifically, Dirichlet temperature conditions are usually imposed on the fluid side and Neumann heat‐flux conditions are imposed on the solid side for the stability of conventional sequential staggered procedure. In this type of treatment, the interface introduces additional stability constraints to the coupled thermal simulations. By utilizing the CIBC technique on the Dirichlet boundary conditions, a staggered procedure can be constructed with the same order of accuracy and stability as those of standalone computations. Using the Godunov–Ryabenkii normal‐mode analysis, a range of values of the coupling parameter is found that yields a stable and accurate interface discretization. The effectiveness of the method is investigated by presenting and discussing performance evaluation data using a 1D finite‐difference formulation for each subdomain. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of domestic pazufloxacin injection in the treatment of acute respiratory tract bacterial infection. Methods A single blind randomized controlled trial was conducted 120 patients with respiratory tract infections. The treatment group (n = 60) were treated with pazufloxacin (0. 3 g,ivgtt,bid) ,and the control group (n =60) were given levofloxacin (0. 2 g,ivgtt,bid) for 7 - 10 d. Results The recovery rate and effective rate were 76. 7% and 98. 3% in treatment group, and 73. 3% and 96. 7% in control group respectively(P 0. 05). The bacterial eradication rate in treatment group and in control group were 95. 9% and 91.7% ,and the adverse drug reaction rate in treatment group and in control group were 10.0% and 11.7% respectively (P 0.05). Conclusions Domestic pazufloxacin injection is effective and safe in treatment of acute bacterial infection of respiratory tract.

Key words:
Pazufloxacin;  Levofloxacin;  Respiratory tract infections


Abstract The effects of both cabbage (Brassica oleracea) and radish (Raphanus sativus) plants on morphological characters in cabbage aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae were examined. The results indicated that host plants had a significant effect on morphological traits of cabbage aphid, all measured traits being larger on radish than on cabbage. Interactions between aphids and their host plants may produce morphological changes in the aphid population, and these changes, due to phenotypic plasticity, may play a crucial role in both host race formation and the sympatric specialisation process.


A Better Ape explores the evolution of the moral mind from our ancestors with chimpanzees, through the origins of our genus and our species, to the development of behaviorally modern humans who underwent revolutions in agriculture, urbanization, and industrial technology. The book begins, in Part I, by explaining the biological evolution of sympathy and loyalty in great apes and trust and respect in the earliest humans. These moral emotions are the first element of the moral mind. Part II explains the gene-culture co-evolution of norms, emotions, and reasoning in Homo sapiens. Moral norms of harm, kinship, reciprocity, autonomy, and fairness are the second element of the moral mind. A social capacity for interactive moral reasoning is the third element. Part III of the book explains the cultural co-evolution of social institutions and morality. Family, religious, military, political, and economic institutions expanded small bands into large tribes and created more intense social hierarchies through new moral norms of authority and purity. Finally, Part IV explains the rational and cultural evolution of moral progress and moral regress as human societies experienced gains and losses in inclusivity and equality. Moral progress against racism, homophobia, speciesism, sexism, classism, and global injustice depends on integration of privileged and oppressed people in physical space, social roles, and democratic decision making. The central idea in the book is that all these major evolutionary transitions, from ancestral apes to modern societies, and now human survival of climate change, depend on co-evolution between morality, knowledge, and complex social structure.


After more than 20 years of reforming and opening up,circulation industry in Harbin has stepped into a fast growth stage.However,there are many problems to the global development,which prevent the healthy and continuous development and influence the competition ability.This essay evaluates the competitive ability,through establishing a set of evaluation index and discusses the existing problems in the development of circulation industry and puts forward improving measures.Therefore,our province should stipulate relative policies for industrial organization,foster giant groups in this field by lifting market access standards,and enhancing market concentration,so as to establish an effective mode of circulation industry competition and strengthen the whole competitive power of our province.


Objectives: Insulin-resistance related hypertension could be due to insulin actions at central level. As insulin and angiotensin II (Ang II) exert some effects at hypothalamic level by MAPK intracellular pathway activation, we evaluated if insulin modifies the central pressor response to Ang II in control (C) and insulin-resistant rats. Methods: Two groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were studied: C: tap water; fructose (F)-treated: F solution (10% w/v) to drink for 6 weeks (n = 20). A cannulae was inserted in one carotid artery to measure mean arterial pressure (MAP; mmHg). Vehicle or insulin (12 mU/h) was perfused intracerebroventricularly. Changes in MAP were evaluated in response to Ang II 5 pmol. Afterwards, hypothalami were removed to determine ERK1/2 phosphorylation levels. Results: MAP basal value was elevated in F rats (90 ± 3 vs. C: 75 ± 3, p < 0.05). Ang II increased MAP only in insulin pre-treated C animals (dMAP: 6.3 ± 0.8 vs. vehicle, p < 0.01); meanwhile it elevated MAP in a similar manner in insulin and vehicle pre-treated F rats (dMAP: 5.5 ± 1.1 and 4.0 ± 1.0 respectively, p < 0.01 vs. C vehicle). Basal phospho-ERK 1/2 hypothalamic levels were similar in both groups. In C and F Ang II or insulin infusion increased more than two fold phospho-ERK 1/2 hypothalamic levels (p < 0.05 vs. C vehicle). C animals that received insulin infusion followed by Ang II injection presented 4.5 higher values of phospho-ERK 1/2 than those receiving vehicle (p < 0.01) meanwhile F rats showed 3.5 higher levels (p < 0.05 vs. C vehicle). Both groups increased twice phospho-ERK 1/2 than those treated with Ang II without insulin pre-treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Centrally administered insulin potentiates the pressor effects of Ang II in C rats, suggesting a novel mechanism, involving MAPK activation, by which insulin influences blood pressure control at central level. The existence of a pressor response to Ang II in F rats, and the absence of changes in this response after previous administration of insulin could be due to the chronic hiperinsulinemia present in this model.


WITH THE development of ultramicromethods of analysis, it is possible to obtain blood-chemistry studies on capillary blood. This enables more and frequent determinations to be performed on the infant, since the need for a venipuncture, which may be harmful and is relatively difficult to perform, is now obviated. As is true of adults, 70% of the weight of a child is water; however, 50% of this is present in the extracellular fluid as against 20% for that of the adult. Therefore, a child exchanges close to half of the fluid of his extracellular compartment per 24 hours. This will cause body water and electrolyte losses to occur more readily than in an adult. For this reason, frequent electrolyte determinations, including sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate levels, are important in the infant. Very few such studies have been performed on normal full-term newborn babies. Sunderman and Boerner1list no such normal


Alternate layer-by-layer assembly of colloidal SiO2 particles with polycations has been investigated by quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). QCM measurement confirmed the high regularity and reproducibility of the assembling process that depends on particle concentration, particle size, and ionic strength. The individual adsorption step was completed within 15 s. The thickness of adsorbed layers increased with increasing SiO2 concentrations at the three particle sizes used (45, 25, and 78 nm in diameter), unlike the case for other polyion assemblies. It also increased with increasing ionic strength of aqueous SiO2 dispersions. According to SEM observation, the assembled film possessed surprisingly flat surfaces at optimized ionic strengths. AFM observation revealed that SiO2 particles were not closely packed. The neutralization ratio of SiO2 and PDDA was estimated by turbidity measurement. Comparison of turbidity and QCM data indicated t...


The
Swedish
industrial
research
institutes
are
research
organisations
that
exist
somewhat
in
between
academy
and
industry,
fulfilling
an
intermediary
role
as
well
as
providing
a
space
for
research
relevant
to
industrial
companies,
and
they
have
a
history
of
being
collectively
funded
by
state
and
industry
as
a
way
to
support
technical
research
in
Sweden.
The
present
study
examines
the
history
one
of
these
institutes
–
the
Institute
for
Surface
Chemistry
–
with
respect
to
three
aspects
of
its
knowledge
production:
the
role
that
basic
and
applied
research
has
played
for
the
institute,
its
external
connections
and
the
heterogeneity
of
its
knowledge
production,
and
how
it
has
evaluated
the
quality
of
its
research.
The
time
period
considered
is
1975-‐2005,
a
challenging
time
for
the
Swedish
institute
sector,
and
the
analysis
is
based
on
an
interpretation
of
annual
reports,
research
programs
and
newsletters
from
the
period,
as
well
as
on
interviews
with
institute
managers
and
researchers.
This
work
contributes
to
a
wider
research
field
in
two
respects.
First,
it
provides
input
to
the
ongoing
debate
about
how
a
changing
research
system
is
linked
to
changes
in
knowledge
production.
Second,
it
increases
our
knowledge
of
the
Swedish
industrial
research
institute
sector,
something
interesting
in
its
own
right
but
that
also
can
provide
input
to
the
ongoing
policy
reorientation
vis-‐a-‐vis
these
institutes.
The
main
novelty
of
the
work
is
that
no
other
study
has
engaged
systematically
and
historically
with
changes
in
knowledge
production
within
this
type
of
institute,
and
it
demonstrates
how
the
institute's
knowledge
production
has
been
affected
by
external
pressure.
To
briefly
summarise
the
results,
applied
research
gradually
becomes
more
important
than
basic
research
at
the
institute,
but
basic
research
still
keeps
playing
a
rather
large
role
for
some
time,
even
as
this
role
is
downplayed
in
the
official
publications.
At
the
same
time,
the
institute
becomes
more
heterogeneous
in
its
knowledge
production,
associates
closer
with
its
industrial
partners,
and
loses
some
of
its
independent
knowledge
production
in
favour
of
a
more
classic
intermediary
role.
During
the
study
period,
the
institute
mainly
ascertains
the
quality
of
its
work
through
the
use
of
traditional
academic
standards,
and
it
retains
a
strong
publication
culture
throughout.
Three
main
conclusions
are
drawn:
that
the
institute
generally
has
oriented
itself
more
towards
its
industrial
partners;
that
this
is
the
result
of
adapting
to
a
situation
in
which
the
traditional
state
funding
and
political
support
appear
ever
more
insecure;
and
that
in
spite
of
this
general
dynamic
of
adaption,
the
institute,
thanks
to
a
unique
knowledge
base
or
strong
and
well-‐connected
actors,
has
sometimes
had
more
space
to
run
its
own
agenda,
with
some
profound
and
long-‐lasting
effects.


Paper contains selected results of theoretical and practical research concerning the possibility of creating evolutionary algorithms inspired by quantum information technology to improve the performance of neural models. Particular focus was on calculating the quantum available for use in quantum evolutionary algorithms. It is noted that the parameters of the artificial neural network, especially the weight matrix can be improved by evolutionary algorithms. It turns out that the introduction of solutions in the field of quantum computing to evolutionary algorithms, including the creation of quantum initial population, quantum operators (crossover and mutation), and quantum selection greatly improves the accuracy of modeling, which has been verified by the examples of figures on the Polish Power Exchange Electricity. New method of creating quantum mixed numbers is also proposed.


Accurate distance estimation is essential for effective user interaction with objects appearing in the virtual space. Research has shown that the distance estimation in the virtual space is not as accurate as that in the real world. The inaccuracy phenomenon is almost exclusively documented for estimating objects appearing straight ahead of the eye. A collection of the accuracy data for targets located in different angles of view in the visual field may be useful in aiding the design of user‐virtual object interaction. This study collected the object to object distance estimation accuracy for targets displayed stereoscopically. There are five horizontal and two vertical viewing angles and three depths, resulting in a total of 30 locations in the virtual space. The distance estimation for any of the 30 object pairs were performed with or without the aid of spatial cues. Significant factors influencing the accuracy and time of distance estimation were identified. Implications of the finding were discussed with respect to the stereoscopic display environment.


Teams are ubiquitous in organizations, yet work contexts now make traditional teams—those that have identifiable boundaries, stable membership, and members who belong only to that single team—a rarity. Teamwork has evolved along with work itself, making the traditional means of studying and validating team experiences (e.g., agreement statistics) inadequate. Yet it is not merely that current measures are antiquated, many of the assumptions about teams themselves are no longer correct. We felt that rather than simply trying to further exploit our traditional approaches to studying teams, the field should explore new or different ways to capture the team experience. New ideas about how to study teams will necessarily start out as theoretical—arguments made based on disciplined imagination and actual experience for why such new approaches are credible. If those who study new forms of teams can then validate these theories, then such new approaches expand the field's capabilities. Thus, over the next few issues of OPR, we will be featuring papers that present new stances on how to study real teams. Such papers will provide arguments as to why these approaches are legitimate and necessary, to hopefully help bring these new approaches to future empirical work on teams in the real world.


Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT) is a rare benign, odontogenic neoplasm. The histologic features of CEOT are unique and serve as the basis for diagnosis. However, among its various histologic subtypes, the cystic variant is extremely rare and less well understood entity, with the MEDLINE search reporting of only two cases till date. We hereby report such unique case and briefly enumerate the differential diagnosis and treatment options. This report illustrates a variant of CEOT that demonstrated ambiguous clinical and radiologic features usually not expected of CEOTs thus making its recognition a challenging task.


A retrospective analysis using records of lactating Bulgarian Murrah buffaloes subjected to the California Mastitis Test in a herd in Nueva Ecija, Philippines was done to determine the prevalence of subclinical mastitis (SCM) and to identify risk factors that may influence its occurrence and recurrence. Results showed that SCM prevalence was 42.76%, whereas its recurrence was 75.03%. Age and lactation length influenced the occurrence of SCM. In contrast to the conclusions for dairy cows, younger buffalo cows were more susceptible compared with those at least 6 yr old. Dams younger than 3 yr have a 76% probability, whereas those age 3 yr have an 82% probability of having SCM.


the aim of this paper was to illustrate the connection between 'anatomy', one of the oldest natural sciences, and 'poetry', the most ancient genre of literature. Anatomy and related concepts have been a subject of and used as imagery in poetry since ancient times, but they have never carried such vast and multiple shades of meaning as in the 19th and 20th centuries. there are not only more allusions made to anatomy in modern verse, but also more poets have chosen to dwell upon anatomy, anatomists, dissections and cadavers as a main subject or persona in their poetry. In this respect, the use of anatomy and related concepts as subject and as imagery is examined in selected examples of 19th and 20th centuries Western verse composed by William Wordsworth, thomas Hood, charles baudelaire, Emily Dickinson, Gottfried benn, Dylan thomas, sylvia Plath and Nadine sabra Meyer in order to show how anatomy has been perceived and represented by poets.


Abstract Scholars have identified diverse ways in which get-tough policies adversely affect minorities. An interest has also emerged in privatized corrections and the potential for exploitation of those who experience it. Drawing on these literatures and on focal concerns theory, we hypothesize that some groups of individuals may be more likely to receive private prison placements. We employ regression analyses of official data to examine whether racial or ethnic minorities are more likely to receive private placements and whether such effects are moderated by age and violent history. We find that some Blacks are more likely to receive private placements, while, in some instances, Hispanics are less likely to receive such placements. There was no evidence that younger and violent minorities are more likely to be assigned to private prisons. This study advances scholarship on privatization, punishment, and the potential racial and ethnic divides in the consequences of the punitive era.


Document Management System supporting ISO 9001 Quality Management System is a typical application of Document Management it the enterprise environment. In order to be effective and sustainable it has to be implemented by taking into consideration organization's own environment and culture. The article reviwes the ISO 9001 requirements on Document Management and available articles dealing with implementation of DMS. It uses a proposed methodology for the implementation of DMS supporting ISO 9001 on the real life example of an enterprise organization. Resulting link-based DMS suports the management of documents from various document storage systems and enable users to use either original sources or to access a central list of all documents.


In this paper, we propose the use of a retrograde doping profile for the p-well for ultrahigh voltage (>uexcl;10 kV) SiC IGBTs. We show that the retrograde p-well effectively addresses the punchthrough issue, whereas offering a robust control over the gate threshold voltage. Both the punchthrough elimination and the gate threshold voltage control are crucial to high-voltage vertical IGBT architectures and are determined by the limits on the doping concentration and the depth that a conventional p-well implant can have. Without any punchthrough, a 10-kV SiC IGBT consisting of retrograde p-well yields gate threshold voltages in the range of 6–7 V with a gate oxide thickness of 100 nm. Gate oxide thickness is typically restricted to 50–60 nm in SiC IGBTs if a conventional p-well with $1 \times 10^{17}$ cm−3 is utilized. We further show that the optimized retrograde p-well offers the most optimum switching performance. We propose that such an effective retrograde p-well, which requires low-energy shallow implants and thus key to minimize processing challenges and device development cost, is highly promising for the ultrahigh-voltage (>10 kV) SiC IGBT technology.


Code division multiple access (CDMA) mobile station (100) is in communication with a CDMA base station (112), describes a system and method for automatically setting the clock. The base station (112) is constantly transmits a local time as part of the synchronization channel message synchronization information overhead. Mobile station (100) extracts the local time from the synchronization channel message, and is configured to provide a local time to update the current value of the watch.


This paper presents a dielectric lens antenna (DLA) for a wireless subharmonic injection-locked triple barrier (TB) resonant tunneling diode (RTD) oscillator. The proposed DLA receives power from a reference source in the 100 GHz band and radiates at 300 GHz corresponding to the fundamental frequency of the TB RTD. An extended hemispherical alumina lens is utilized to enhance the gain of the antenna while inhibiting the emergence of surface waves in the underlying indium phosphide (InP) substrate. The feed of the DLA consists of a fat monopole with a slot-like counterpoise yielding a bandwidth that can cover both, the 100 GHz subharmonic frequency band and the 300 GHz. In order to maximize the injection power, a near-field coupling topology as well as a dual-band complex impedance matching network are applied. The coupling part, which is placed in the near field of the antenna, has minimal impact on the antenna's far field radiation pattern and shows a good coupling efficiency in the meantime.


"Live high-train low" (LH+TL) altitude training allows athletes to "live high" for the purpose of facilitating altitude acclimatization, as characterized by a significant and sustained increase in endogenous erythropoietin and subsequent increase in erythrocyte volume, while simultaneously enabling them to "train low" for the purpose of replicating sea-level training intensity and oxygen flux, thereby inducing beneficial metabolic and neuromuscular adaptations. In addition to natural/terrestrial LH+TL, several simulated LH+TL devices have been developed including nitrogen apartments, hypoxic tents, and hypoxicator devices. One of the key issues regarding the practical application of LH+TL is what the optimal hypoxic dose is that is needed to facilitate altitude acclimatization and produce the expected beneficial physiological responses and sea-level performance effects. The purpose of this review is to examine this issue from a research-based and applied perspective by addressing the following questions: ...


This research aim to knowing the variables classification that distinguish graduated time student between proper time with not proper time on FMIPA Udayana Universities with use CHAID Method. This research conducted at FMIPA Udayana Universities, with research sample about 751 persons student graduated FMIPA Udayana Universities period February 2008 until August 2011. CHAID method produce 7 segment there are: student graduated from Biology department and Chemistry women gender; from Biology and Chemistry man gender; from Mathematic department and Physic with IPK?3,00; from Mathematic department and Physic with IPK>3,00 and thesis period?6 months; from Mathematic department and Physic with IPK>3,00 and period thesis>6 months; from Pharmacy as well as student graduated from Computer science department.