Introduction. The results were obtained using the method of solid-phase enzyme immunoassay and neuropsychological examination of patients with vibration disease caused by the combined effect of local and general vibration. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between the content of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines and changes in neuropsychological parameters in patients with vibration disease associated with combined exposure to local and general vibration. Materials and methods. Examined men were divided into groups: first group (n=28) - with vibration disease of the second degree, due to the combined effect of local and general vibration and the second (n=16) - the comparison group. There are methods of statistical analysis with the determination of the Shapiro-Wilk W-test, the Mann-Whitney U-test, and the Spearman correlation analysis. Results. In patients with vibration disease when compared to second group was higher values characterizing the analytic-synthetic (p=0.002) and conceptual thinking (p=0.016), short (verbal) (p=0.002), hand-shaped (p=0.002) and long (p=0.041) memory, dynamic (p=0.001) and constructive (p=0.001) praxis, visual gnosis (p=0,042), impressive speech (p=0.041), as well as index test, MMSE (p=0.003). Dysregulation in the immune system manifests in the form of a statistically significant hyperproduction of IL-8 and IFN-γ diagnosed in first group patients when compared with group II at p<0.05. There were statistically significant direct correlations between the concentration of IL-4 and the indicator of conceptual thinking, an indicator that characterizes finger gnosis (p=0.021; 0.025, respectively). Statistically significant dependences indicate that the increase in tests on the arithmetic triple score, the selection of opposites in the active plan, showing the specified finger on the sample and the name, an explanation of the logical-grammatical constructions, indicating a decrease in the function of analytical and synthetic thinking, conceptual thinking, finger gnosis, impressive speech, this is due to an increase in production of IL-8, IFN-γ (p=0,013; 0,044; 0,025; 0,008; 0,048; 0,046; 0,028; 0,018 respectively). Conclusions. The decrease in indicators that characterize analytical-synthetic, conceptual thinking, short-term (auditory-speech), long-term, operational visual memory, dynamic and constructive praxis, visual gnosis, and impressive speech is accompanied by hyperproduction of IL-8, IFN-γ. This fact may characterize the activation of the neuroinflammatory process as an important determinant of cognitive decline under the combined influence of local and general vibration. The established relationship between increased levels of IL-4 and indicators of conceptual thinking, visual gnosis, probably indicates the importance of more pronounced cytotoxic reactions in the violation of the mechanisms of visual perception and thought process in patients with vibration disease.


Attack submarine is the valid anti-submarine force.Because of its advantage of antisubmarine attack submarine is often used to perform long-range anti-submarine in order to improve the anti-submarine operation capabilities.Based on attack submarine task,basic requirements for the disposition of attack submarine were put forward.In view of factors from the needs of anti-submarine for formation,air cover,anti-submarine in theatre of war,safety,model on the disposition and method of action for attack submarine were established by means of analytical method.According to the above,by a reasonable scenario,the conclusion was analyzed and proved through simulation.The method is practical,feasible,which provides reference for the disposition of attack submarine.


A styrofoam box is used as a simple and easy freezing method to preserve animal semen as a livestock genetic source. This study optimized the methods of freezing chikso brindled cattle semen. To test the freezing box, the motility of spermatozoa was compared between two box sizes (length×width×heigh) with the dimensions of 23.5×30.5×22.5 cm and 25.5×46.5×26.5 cm. The motility of thawed sperm from brindled Korean bulls was used to confirm the efficiency of the freezing boxes. The box having a larger inner space with larger horizontal and height measurements supported better motility after thawing (60.4±5.3% vs 67.2±3.1%) with 10 min of exposure time in liquid nitrogen vapor. The optimized freezing space is estimated to be an essential element for successful freezing results and the larger box could be used for production of more than 60 frozen semen straws. These properties are also helpful to optimize the cryopreservation techniques that would control the quality and quantity of semen straws according to different animal species.


After joining the WTO, the impact by judicial independence towards administration for our domestic criminal investigation in China, the conflicts between international criminal judicial principles and domestic criminal investigation, both have proposed challenges towards our current criminal investigation system. Meanwhile, the concept of ensuring human rights has raised a higher requirement for criminal investigation staff's quality. In order to adjust to development of situation, the current criminal investigation system should be reformed to realize juditicature of criminal investigation and talents of staff , and fully reflect the concept of ensuring human rights.


Effects of three elements (Ca,Sr,and Sb) addition on the microstructures and mechanical properties of as-cast Mg ingots were studied. The results show that an amount of addition of these elements to Mg resulted in significant grain refinement in cast mgots.Ca is dissolved in the matrix resulting in significant increase of ductility. Sr and Sb additions cause the formation of dispersed second-phase particles in the matrix which refine the matrix grains and increase the strength of the alloys without reduction in ductility.


Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the major causative agent of post transfusion non-A, non-B hepatitis throughout the world. We isolated and sequenced eDNA clones of the HCV genome from RNA extracted from healthy Japanese HCV carrier plasma samples by reverse polymerase chain reaction (rPCR) methods (1, 2). Primers were designed from the nucleotide sequence of HCV derived from an experimentally transmitted chimpanzee (3, 4). Here we report the complete nucleotide and amino acid sequences of the structural gene ofHCV (Figure 1). Clones from three different but overlapping regions were isolated after rPCR. From each region, three clones were independently isolated and sequenced at both strands in order to deduce the consensus nucleotide sequence. We consider nucleotide (nt) 1 to ca. nt 570 as a coding gene for the nucleocapsid (core) protein because of (i) high nucleotide (90.5%) and amino acid (97.4%) sequence identity to those of the original HCV isolate (4), (ii) lack of N-glycosylation signal, (iii) existence of a highly hydrophobic domain particularly at its C-terminus, and (iv) detection of a 22-kilodalton protein expressed in mammalian cells by introducing this eDNA sequence under the control of a foreign promoter (5). The region from ca. nt 570 to ca. nt 1140 was considered to be the putative envelope gene. The deduced amino acid sequence was mostly hydrophobic and had 6 possible N


Background: Expression of estrogen receptor (ER) is used to indicate response to endocrine therapy. However, assays, e.g. immunohistochemistry (IHC), that meausre ER and ER regulated progesterone receptor (PR), predict response in only 40–60% of cases. We have developed a functional assay (FERA) based on interaction of ER with estrogen response elements (EREs). The assay uses adenovirus containing 2 EREs linked to a lac-Z reporter (ERE-lacZ).

Methods: Breast cancer cells were purified from 29 surgical specimens obtained from 24 patients. The cells were infected with ERE-lacZ and cultured in medium containing 10 nm estrogen (E2), 100 nm tamoxifen (OHT), or 100 nm ICI 182 780 (ICI, a complete ER antagonist). A colorimetric assay was used to assess reporter activity. The results of FERA were compared with IHC.

Results: Eleven patients were ER+/PR+, five were ER+/PR– and eight were ER–/PR– by IHC. Three ER+/PR+ and one ER–/PR– were recurrent cancers and all except one patient (ER+/PR+) had received OHT previously. Using FERA, in 12/16 ER+ and 1/8 ER– cancers, E2 induced a 2–10-fold increase in reporter activity. OHT and ICI were inhibitory in primary cancers. Three patients with ER+ cancer showed no ER activity. Of the recurrences, 2 ER+ cancer showed agonistic activity with OHT and in one this was greater than with E2. ICI remained inhibitory.

Conclusions: ER activity can be reliably assessed using FERA. Three ER+ patients who may not benefit from OHT and one ER– patient who may benefit were identified. In addition, resistance to OHT was demonstrated. FERA indicates that ICI (as Faslodex) may be beneficial in these cases.


Thank you very much for reading beyond belief skepticism science and the paranormal. As you may know, people have search hundreds times for their favorite readings like this beyond belief skepticism science and the paranormal, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some infectious bugs inside their computer.


The present invention relates to a torque share of bolts and bolt assembly, the present invention relates to a torque share of bolts and bolt assembly to confirm that the rupture made so by an additional pin tail constant torque in a stable fastening axial force. The present invention torque shear bolts, and through the article to be fastened, the bolt body composed such that the nut for fastening the article fastening each screw through both ends; And extend from one end of the bolt body integrally made to rotate pass on to the tool, when it reaches the specified torque when rotating the tool pin Te made so as to be separated from the bolt body part; and a.


The G protein of vesicular stomatitis virus was implanted in the apical plasma membrane of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells by low pH-dependent fusion of the viral envelope with the cellular membrane. The amount of fusion as determined by removal of unfused virions, either by tryptic digestion or by EDTA treatment at 0°C, was 22-24% of the cell-bound virus radioactivity. Upon incubation of cells after implantation, the amount of G protein as detected by immunofluorescence diminished on the apical membrane and appeared within 30 min on the basolateral membrane. At the same time some G protein fluorescence was also seen in intracellular vacuoles. The observations by immunofluorescence were confirmed and extended by electron microscopy. Using immunoperoxidase localization, G protein was seen to move into irregularly shaped vacuoles (endosomes) and multivesicular bodies and to appear on the basolateral plasma membrane. These results suggest that the apical and basolateral domains of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells are connected by an intracellular route. In most cells the plasma membrane is continuously endocytosed (36) and the loss of surface membrane must be balanced by retrieval of membrane from inside the cell. Membrane recycling poses a special problem in epithelial cells because the plasma membrane is polarized; it is divided into apical and basolateral domains with distinct protein and lipid compositions (35). If the plasma membrane is continuously recycling, an important question is how the apical and basolateral domains preserve their unique compositions. If the apical and the basolateral recycling routes are separated, randomization of the cell surface would of course be prevented. If, however, they connect at some point in the cell, continuous sorting of apical and basolateral proteins would have to take place. In an attempt to map the membrane traffic routes to and from the cell surface in epithelial cells, we are using the MadinDarby canine kidney (MDCK) cell line as our experimental system (7, 16). These cells display both structural and functional polarity when grown in culture (24, 32). The microvillar THE JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY . VOLUME 97 SEPTEMBER 1983 627-637 © The Rockefeller University Press 0021-9525]83[0910627/11 $1.00 apical domain is freely accessible to the medium. The basolateral membrane attaches the cell to the culture dish and mediates contact with the neighboring cells. Each surface domain possesses a characteristic set of proteins. Aminopeptidase, for example, is found in the apical membrane, while the Na+K*ATPase has a basolateral location (17, 31). The two surface domains are separated from one another by tight junctions encircling the apex of the cell (21). RodriguezBoulan and colleagues (33, 34) have shown that in MDCK cells infected with enveloped viruses the newly synthesized viral membrane glycoproteins are inserted into one or the other surface domain. The influenza virus glycoproteins are distributed mainly to the apical domain while the vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) G protein is inserted primarily in the basolateral domain. Because the viral glycoproteins are processed by cellular enzymes and transported through the cell to the plasma membrane via intracellular organelles, it seems likely that the processes leading to their polar distribution will 627 on A ril 3, 2017 D ow nladed fom Published September 1, 1983


We apply the hesitant fuzzy sets theory to Γ-semigroups and provide some characterizations of hesitant fuzzy left (right and bi-) ideals. We introduce the hesitant fuzzy left (resp., right and two-sided) ideal, hesitant fuzzy bi-ideal, and hesitant fuzzy interior ideal in Γ-semigroup and study some properties of them. Finally, a characterization of a simple Γ-semigroup by means of a hesitant fuzzy simple Γ-semigroup is obtained.


Objective To study the effects of decoy strategy targeted to NF-κB on TNF-α in rat liver after traumatic inflammation. Methods Ninety-six rats were randomized into 4 groups: control group, traumatic inflammation group, traumatic inflammation plus decoy ODN group and traumatic inflammation plus mutant decoy ODN group. The rats were sacrificed in 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after traumatic inflammation, respectively, and the contents of plasma ALT were determined. After hepatocytes were isolated and nuclear protein extracted, DNA binding activity of NF-κB was measured by EMSA. Decoy ODN's competition-inhibiting effects were assayed by EMSA. TNF-α expression in liver tissue was assayed by RT-PCR and TNF-α level determined by ELISA. Results After traumatic inflammation, DNA binding activity of NF-κB increased. TNF-α expression and level also significantly increased and was positively correlated to the activity of NF-κB. Decoy ODN could effectively inhibit the activity of NF-κB in vitro. After using decoy ODN, the expression of TNF-α and plasma ALT significantly decreased. Conclusions Decoy strategy targeted to NF-κB could effectively inhibit the release of TNF-α through specifically inhibiting the activity of NF-κB.


The basic histological features of the avian tongue, especially in domestic birds, have been described in numerous species (see Calhoun, 1954 and McLelland, 1979 for a review of the earlier literature; Warner et al., 1967; Koch, 1973; Hodges, 1974; McLelland, 1975; Nickel et al., 1977; Homberger and Meyers, 1989; Gargiulo et al., 1991; Porchescu, 2007). Echoing the suggestion by Gardner (1926, 1927) that microscopic data would enhance the understanding of macroscopic features, recent studies have generally combined light and scanning electron microscopy with the basic gross morphological features (Kobayashi et al., 1998; Jackowiak and Godynicki, 2005; Jackowiak and Ludwig, 2008; Tivane, 2008). More specialized studies include those on the structure and secretions of salivary glands (Samar et al., 1999; Liman et al., 2001; Al-Mansour and Jarrar, 2004) and sensory structures of the tongue including taste buds (Botezat, 1910; Moore and Elliott, 1946; Lindenmaier and Kare, 1959; Gentle, 1971a, b; Berkhoudt, 1985) and Herbst corpuscles (Berkhoudt, 1979).


In the first of a series of Features about compensation for clinical errors, Clare Dyer looks at how cost saving changes in the law might affect patients and the NHS


It is well known that critical points of the total scalar curvature functional S on the space of all smooth Riemannian structures of volume 1 on a compact manifold M are exactly the Einstein metrics. When the domain of S is restricted to the space of constant scalar curvature metrics, there has been a conjecture that a critical point is isometric to a standard sphere. In this paper we investigate the relationship between the first Betti number and stable minimal surfaces, and study the analytic properties of stable minimal surfaces in M for n = 3.


To date, program development environments have been static rather than dynamic. Even emerging interactive, integrated program development environments, like the Cornell Program Synthesizer, view program editing and execution as essentially independent activities. We envision an even more dynamic environment in which the functionality (input/output relationship) of a network of programs, an individual program, or a program segment can be viewed "continuously" with editing changes to either the program input or program body. This is the VisiCalc concept extended to program development environments (VisiProg). In this paper, this "dynamic" approach to program development, testing and debugging is addressed, and considerations for the user interface are discussed. The latter includes a workstation with a flexible windowing system, three-dimensional views of programs, insertion of program control and observation points, and dynamic program slicing for "viewing" program execution. An existing prototype and current development activities are also discussed.


8019 Background: Thromboembolic disease (TED) is increased in cancer patients, with an estimated annual rate of 0.5% compared to 0.1% in the general population. TED rates may be further increased with chemotherapy. We conducted a prospective study to determine incidence of symptomatic TED in cancer outpatients on chemotherapy, and a retrospective analysis of TED rates in cancer patients hospitalized with febrile neutropenia.

METHODS
Cancer outpatients initiating chemotherapy were registered at 137 community practices nationwide, and followed prospectively for 4 cycles. Primary outcomes included documented symptomatic venous thrombotic or embolic events. TED in cancer patients hospitalized with febrile neutropenia at 115 medical centers from 1995 to 2000 was identified using the discharge database of the University Health System Consortium.

RESULTS
A total of 1,891 patients treated to date are available for analysis. Pulmonary embolism occurred in 9 patients, and 28 patients developed deep venous thrombosis for a TED incidence of 2% over a median follow-up of 2.3 months. Incidence varied significantly by site of disease (p=0.027) with highest rates in Hodgkin's disease (n=4/38 10.5%), pancreatic cancer (n=2/26, 7.7%) and lung cancer (11/365, 3%). Other sites included ovarian cancer (n=3/147, 2%), NHL (n=3/174, 1.7%), colon (n=3/193, 1.6%), and breast (n=7/672, 1%). TED rates did not vary by age (p=0.86), performance status (PS) (p=0.63), or stage (p=0.96). Patients with TED reported a chemotherapy delay of ≥ 7 days in 44% compared to 23% in the study population (p=0.003, OR 2.73). Among 89,078 cancer patients admitted with febrile neutropenia, TED events were reported in 1,204 (1.3%).

CONCLUSION
Symptomatic TED is a frequent complication across a broad range of cancer sites and chemotherapies, with an annualized rate of 10.3%. An additional 1.3% develop TED if hospitalized with complications of chemotherapy. TED can lead to significant delays in chemotherapy. TED is unrelated to PS or stage suggesting that it is not a terminal event. Trials of prophylactic anticoagulation in cancer patients on chemotherapy are warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.


Objective To observe the blood glucose variation,complications,and curative effect in advanced age diabetic patients with cataract surgery.Methods 30 patients with diabetes(30 eyes) from Jan,2010 to Dec,2011 in our hospital were reviewed.Phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation were performed in all patients.Blood glucose,vision before and after operation and complications were observed.The statistical method was performed by SPSS13.0 statistical software with t test and χ2 test.Results On the day of operation,mean blood glucose before lunch,dinner,before bedtime decreased as compared to preoperative rise.The preoperative blood glucose had significant differences.Postoperative visual acuity in all patients was improved to different degrees.The difference was statistically significant.Conclusion Phacoemulsification and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation is effective in advanced aged diabetic patients.On the day of operation,the blood glucose increased significantly.Appropriate intervention can reduce complications.


made in Women and Law. In ch. 2, however, S. argues that there is no true NearEastern parallel for a prescriptive and permanent code of laws, as at Gortyn, and he rejects recent attempts to undermine Andokides' account of the codification of Athenian law after 403 B.C. For S., however, codification in the Greek world coexisted with a theory of gaps (implied by the dikasts' oath to judge justly 'where there is no law', 51), and is therefore distinct from Roman and modern concepts of law. There follow two chapters on the origins of dispute-settlement. Chapter 4 reviews earlier interpretations of relevant passages in the Iliad, and argues (as does The Athenian Republic) in favour of Wolff's theory, that these represent not voluntary arbitration, but the restriction of self-help. Modern societies' rejection of self-help (based on medieval concepts of the King's peace) is contrasted with the Greeks' readiness to accept it within limits (111). Chapter 5 focuses on Athens, and draws out the implications of recent archaeological work which undermines earlier beliefs in powerful geometric kings. S. suggests, for instance, that the basileis in the homicide law may have been private individuals rather than public officers (117-18). The book ends (ch. 6) by arguing that Greek law is not unitary, but owes its unique concepts of justice and the rule of law to inherited Indo-European concepts of the honour due to each full member of the community. This is an interesting theory, but it is difficult to know how unique Greece is, without any discussion here of Roman law. Moreover, S.'s contrast between Indo-European and Near Eastern systems creates difficulties over for instance Persia (151). The style is lucid, but presupposes considerable knowledge from the reader. For instance, S.'s critique of Austin conflates those (unnamed) historians who ignore the possibility of legal development without statutory change with those who use the sovereignty of independent poleis as an argument against legal unity (7), but the second position could surely be adopted without the first, and it would be useful to know whom S. has in mind. Again, the doctrine of separation of powers (which was used alongside codification in The Athenian Republic to support the proposition that the Athenians believed in the rule of law) is neither restated nor abandoned, and the reader is unsure whether S. still believes it. Similarly, his attack on Finley offers readings of Athenian and Gortynian marriage that are much less polarized than Finley's (68-9), but says nothing about the role played by Hellenistic Egypt within the model that Finley was attacking.


The invention relates to a health-care medicine. The health-care medicine is characterized by being prepared by putting 10g of Szechwan tangshen root, 15g of Chinese date, 10g of wolfberry, 10g of desertliving cistanche, 3g of liquoric root (fried), 30g of cynomorium coccineum, 16g of fructus crataegi, 10g of lotus seed, 12g of multiflower knotweed tuber and 10g of lily into a pot, adding water into the Chinese herbal medicines and decocting the Chinese herbal medicines. According to a formula, water can be added into the Chinese herbal medicines thrice for decoction; 1,500g of water is added into the Chinese herbal medicines for the first time, the Chinese herbal medicines are decocted over intense fire until the water is boiling and then decocted over soft fire for 30 minutes, and medicinal juice is obtained; 2,000g of water is added into the Chinese herbal medicines for the second time, the Chinese herbal medicines are decocted over intense fire until the water is boiling and then decocted over soft fire for 40 minutes, and the medicinal juice is obtained; and 2,500g of water is added into the Chinese herbal medicines for the third time, the Chinese herbal medicines are decocted over intense fire until the water is boiling, and then decocted over soft fire for 50 minutes, and the medicinal juice is obtained. A skin antidote is prepared from 10 natural Chinese herbal medicines, and has the advantages of good health-care effects of invigorating spleen-stomach and replenishing qi, removing toxicity, keeping young, resisting aging and prolonging life.


Introduction Principles of Clinical Governance Clinical Risk Modification - a collaborative approach to midwifery care The midwife and the legal environment Intra and inter-professional behaviour and communication The role of the Midwifery Manager and Supervisor of Midwives Consent issues during pregnancy and childbirth Genetic counselling - legal and ethical dilemmas private The tools of risk management and their application to midwifery practice The consumer view The victims of midwifery accidents The way forward: clinical competence, co-operation and communication.


The reaction of RuCl2(PPh3)3 with N-pyrazolylpropanamide (N-ppa) displaces a single PPh3 producing the six-coordinate complex RuCl2(PPh3)2(N-ppa) (1). A crystal structure determination of the dichloromethane solvate RuCl2(PPh3)2(N-ppa)·2CH2Cl2 (1·2CH2Cl2) revealed that the geometry about the central Ru atom is distorted octahedral with the chloride ligands in trans-position and the N-ppa acting as N,O-chelating ligand. In the solid state, RuCl2(PPh3)2(N-ppa) molecules are dimerized via N–H···Cl hydrogen bonds. The dimers pack as chains in the c direction and form voids that are occupied by dichloromethane solvent molecules.


Having a strong brand image is a must for every company. Because the brand image is a very valuable company asset. It takes hard work and a long time to build a reputation and brand image. Consumers tend to trust products with preferred or well-known brands. This reason underlies the company to strengthen its brand position in order to create a positive brand image for consumers. Through brand image, consumers are able to recognize a product, evaluate its quality, reduce purchase risk, and gain experience and satisfaction from certain product differentiation.
This study aims to analyze the effect of brand image and brand trust simultaneously on purchasing decisions for Samsung smartphones, analyze the effect of brand image and brand trust partially on purchasing decisions for Samsung smartphones. This study uses quantitative research methods. The type of approach that the researcher uses is a quantitative descriptive analysis approach with explanatory research. Data collection techniques using interviews and questionnaires. The data obtained in the form of data from primary data and secondary data. The population in this study were 369 people with a total sample of 79 respondents. Determination of the sample using purposive sampling technique. After the data was obtained, the data were analyzed quantitatively using multiple linear regression analysis, F test and t test.
The results show that brand image and brand trust have a simultaneous effect on purchasing decisions, as evidenced by the F value of 28,042 with a significance level of 0.000. Brand image has a partial effect on purchasing decisions, as evidenced by the tcount value of 2,761 with a significance level of t of 0.007 < 0.05. Brand trust has a partial effect on purchasing decisions, as evidenced by the tcount value of 3.646 with a significance level of t of 0.000 <0.05.


This study traces the historical development of the government's police power and the rule of law since its conception by Adam Smith to date— passing by the events of the 9/11/2001 attack on New York's Twin Towers caused by international terrorism midwife by political Islam. In this article, the author asserts that any successful attempts to combat international terrorism by Western Democracies such as the United States, France, England and Germany should be under the United Nations Command and within the parameters of individual freedoms guaranteed in Western Democracies' constitutions, and human rights international humanitarian law. Furthermore, a United Nations convention to define the act of terrorism as an "international crime" rather than a "war" is needed.


The document reports upon an exploratory survey of the approaches that Australian cultural institutions are implementing to meet Web 2.0 challenges. It is given context by a review that is made of Web developments in order to characterize Web 2.0 applications. A sample of applications that have been undertaken internationally and locally are described under the headings ranging from business resources through to exhibitions, professional development and youth outreach in order to explore strategies for implementation.
The applications serve to introduce business and technical issues that have arisen, including those involved in forming partnerships with peer institutions and with major Internet services. A discussion section follows in which challenges and opportunities relating to management and software support are identified under the headings: Access, Audiences, Authority, Collaboration, Current Awareness, Metadata, Policy, Publishing, Records retention, Rich Web applications, Seeding, Skills and Statistics.
These are seen as common to those convergent areas of application where large repositories are endeavouring to enhance the digital access to their records and information artefacts, and engage patrons further. Each area represents a prospective domain of investigation for research institutions or the cultural institutions themselves. A conclusion summarises these findings with respect to the role that cultural institutions can play in improving access to and involvement with the cultural heritage.


Human eyes cannot easily focus on two separate targets at the same time. The two eyes have their own cooperative movements that can be separated into conjugate and vergence movements (relative movements) which have different dynamic characteristics. Here, in order to achieve realistic eye movements, first a binocular motor control system model was proposed based on the neural pathways of the binocular motor system. The model has cross pathways between the two symmetrical eye's own control loops which have never been found in any conventional robot control system. Consequently, the modification on this extraordinary feature model resulted that a pair of interacting control systems through the cross pathways can be separately analyzed into two independent control systems based on its behaviors, i.e. the conjugate movement control system and the relative movement control system. The effectiveness of this principle, then, was verified in the experiment through the binocular robot eye based on this proposed control system model. The constructed robot can operate several cooperative movement characteristics according to human-eye movements. For example, it cannot focus on two different targets at the same time, even though the targets have the same shape.


Contemporary (parametric) scene parsing methods are learning-based and mostly operate in a closed-universe scenario. We introduce a non-parametric scene parsing framework that is model-free, data-driven, and scales naturally to growing data. The scene parsing performance in the non-parametric approach depends on reliable dense correspondence or alignment across scenes for label transfer. Incorrect correspondence is known to affect the scene parsing results adversely. We propose a label transfer approach that relies on the dense correspondence of super-pixel pairs (in a query and candidate image) matched by a homogeneous kernel map to guide semantic label transfer. The aggregation (fusing) of multiple labels is done through a simple heuristic aggregation scheme (simple majority voting). The Markov Random Field (MRF) provides a principled probabilistic framework for combining the disparate information in the smoothing stage and ensures plausible labeling results. Evaluation results show that our non-parametric system obtains competitive scene parsing performance on the standard SIFT Flow and MSRC-21 datasets.


1715 † Poster Board #-Session: P42-II EARLY TACROLIMUS WITHDRAWAL AND RESCUE THERAPY WITH SIROLIMUS IN HIGH-RISK RENAL TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS WITH MODERATE TO SEVERE CHRONIC ALLOGRAFT NEPHROPATHY (CAN). Ravinder K Wali, Matthew Cooper, Clarence Foster, Ben Philosophe, Wassim Al-Hitti, Mara Dinits, Joseph Nogueira, Stephen T Bartlett, Emilio Ramos, Cinthia Drachenberg, John Papadimitriou, Richard Amber, David Cho, Matthew R Weir. Nephrology; Surgical Transplantation; Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Purpose: Sirolimus-based therapy after discontinuing CNI can be a novel approach to arrest the progression of chronic kidney disease due to CAN. Methods: Tacrolimus was discontinued within 24-hours of sirolimus-based therapy in 159 patients with CAN. Each creatinine values was converted to eGFR by MDRD and slopes were calculated before and after the intervention. A total of 518 biopsies in these patients, pre(n=341) and post-sirolimus (n=122) were analyzed for patterns of injury to the interstitium, tubules, and arterioles by the Banff 97 and graded on 0-III scale. Results: 136 patients completed ≥ 90 days of sirolimus and MMF therapy. The prevs postslopes of eGFR (ml/min/1.73m ) improved significantly, (-0.0136 vs 0.0022, p<0.001). The positive slope was present in 85% of patients when tacrolimus was discontinued within first six months. Following table is eGFR values in the three groups; tacrolimus discontinued, ≤ 6, 6-18 or >18 months post-transplant (Group I, II, III), respectively. Renal histology preand post-sirolimus showed significant improvement in tubular degeneration and arteriolar hyalinosis (p=0.001 vs p=0.003), respectively. Interisitial fibrosis (IF) progressed (prevs post, p<0.01). A total of 29 episodes of acute rejection developed in the post-sirolimus period. Conclusions: Early withdrawal of tacrolimus in CAN; 1) halts the progressive decay in renal function and preserves long-term allograft function as compared to late withdrawal, 2) decreases tubular injury and arteriolar hyalinosis, and 3) prevents acute rejection. Estimated eGFR ml/min/1.73m, (Mean±SEM) Parameters Baseline 3-M p=0 vs 6-M p=0 vs 12-M p=0 (zero) 3-M∗ 6-M∗ vs 12-M∗ All patients 26±1.1 32.1±1.4 .002 36.1±1.6 .03 39.2±1.8 .001 Group I 29.3±1.6 38.9±1.9 .004 45.4±2.0 .001 48.6±2.0 .0001 Group II 28.8±2.5 34.7±3.4 .005 35.8±3.6 .004 35.4±4.1 0.07 Group III 19.5±1.4 23.1±1.8 .04 25.1±1.9 .01 26.4±1.9 0.05 p values based on paired sample t-test∗ Abstract# 1716 † Poster Board #-Session: P43-II KIDNEY ALLOGRAFT REJECTION IS ASSOCIATED WITH UPREGULATION OF CHEMOKINE TRANSCRIPTS THAT PRECEDE HISTOLOGIC CHANGES. Douglas A Hale, Steve C Hoffman, David E Kleiner, Roslyn B Mannon, Robert L Kampen, Lynn M Jacobson, S John Swanson, Bryan N Becker, Allan D Kirk. Transplantation Branch, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD; Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI; Urology Department, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC. Chemokines and their receptors play a critical role in the regulation of monocyte and lymphocyte trafficking following allotransplantation. To critically evaluate the kinetics and patterns of expression of chemokines and their receptors following renal allotransplantation, we correlated renal function with routine histology, immunohistochemical analysis, and real time assessment of mRNA transcripts from 71 individual and pooled renal biopsies. Samples were categorized by histologic and clinical criteria as ischemia-reperfusion injury (n=10), stable function (n=10), sub-clinical rejection (n=10) or clinical acute rejection (n=17). Differences in gene expression were normalized to those expressed in non-transplanted, donor kidneys (n=15). Stable allografts demonstrated moderately elevated levels of chemokine transcript expression [CCL13, CCL19, CCL21, CCL22, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11 (p<0.01)] compared to normal kidneys. Marked inflammatory chemokine expression [CCL3, CCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11 (p<0.001)] dominated rejecting allografts (both subclinical and acute). In addition, significantly elevated receptor transcripts for CCR5, CCR7 and CXCR3 were associated with ischemia reperfusion and rejection. Notably, three patients had markedly elevated levels of CXCL10 and CXCL11 transcripts associated with normal histology and serum creatinine at the time of a protocol directed biopsy. All three experienced documented cellular or humoral rejection episodes within a week of the previously documented normal biopsy. Because they orchestrate many of the earliest processes of alloimmunity, methods for monitoring the chemokine milieu in allografts may herald impending rejection and permit therapeutic intervention prior to the manifestation of histologic or biochemical abnormalities. Abstract# 1717 Poster Board #-Session: P44-II 1717 Poster Board #-Session: P44-II HLA ANTIBODY TESTING FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF KIDNEY GRAFT DYSFUNCTION. Juan C Scornik, Jesse D Schold, Giselle Guerra, Titte R Srinivas, Herwig-Ulf Meier-Kriesche. Pathology and Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL. Multiple studies have shown that post-transplant (Tx) antibodies (Abs) are associated with severe acute and chronic kidney graft rejection. However, it is not clear how useful Ab tests are to evaluate a possible rejection in an individual patient. Test interpretation is limited by false positive results, pre-Tx Abs, post-Tx transfusions and interference by ATG or other Ab treatments. We evaluated all these parameters in 66 patients presenting with graft dysfunction, 49 of whom were biopsied. Pre and post-Tx Abs were measured simultaneously by flow cytometry with donor cells, when available, or several types of HLA class I and II coated beads. De novo HLA antibodies were found in 20 patients, but were confirmed by additional testing in 14 (6 were false positive mainly due to non-specific binding to beads). Thus, almost one third of positive post-Tx Ab tests, all of them weak, were false positive, stressing the need of confirmation by alternative methods. Confirmed Abs were found in 21% of the patients (Table). Ab+ patients were at high risk of C4d+ rejection, although we do not know if those with no acute rejection may be at risk for future episodes. 9/10 C4d+ patients had de novo Abs. In contrast, most patients with only chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) in biopsy were Ab negative. Abs were detected infrequently if tested in the first month post-Tx (5% Ab+), but the rate of detection increased within 1 year (24%) and from 1-15 years (31%). Patients with and without preformed Abs were at risk of forming de novo Abs. Interestingly, post-Tx blood transfusions did not appear to induce


Preliminary evidence indicates that physical exercise may be an effective strategy for the rehabilitation of cancer patients following bone marrow transplantation (BMT), but the determinants of such exercise are not known. In this study, we used a prospective design to evaluate the theory of planned behavior (Ajzen, 1991) as a social cognitive framework for understanding exercise motivation and behavior in 37 BMT patients. On admittance to the hospital, participants completed a baseline questionnaire that assessed the theory of planned behavior and then monitored the frequency and duration of self-initiated cycle ergometer exercise during their hospitalization. Hierarchical regression analyses demonstrated that intention and perceived behavioral control explained 36% of the variance in exercise behavior when the analyses were restricted to nonthrombocytopenic patients (n = 28). Moreover, attitude and perceived behavioral control explained 68% of the variance in exercise intentions. We concluded that the theory of planned behavior provided an excellent understanding of exercise intentions in this population and context and that its ability to predict exercise behavior could be improved substantially by taking into account significant medical complications.


The study developed heterogeneous motor vehicle traffic flow models focusing on two dimensional heterogeneity and multi lane road heterogeneity aspects. It established the 2 ensemble traffic composition formulation using vehicle heterogeneity characteristics in two dimensions. Lighthill Whitham and Richards motor vehicle traffic model, investigated how a homogeneous vehicle travels in a one dimensional, single lane road; without curvatures. The study shows that that when vehicles are few, traffic density is lower, the flux is also lower; the velocity is high as there is maximum vehicle road interaction. As the number of vehicles increases such that many vehicles passes the fifth nodal point at a relatively high velocity and density; the flow rate is high. At maximum density called jam density, vehicles cannot move; the flux is lower. Graphical representation of the traffic flow variables with respect to the distance covered on the highway is done using MATLAB. The information obtained from the study is very useful to civil engineers, mechanical engineers, town planners, computer programmers and upcoming mathematicians not forgetting drivers and riders.


PURPOSE: The aim of our study is to evaluate effects of early rehabilitation treatment in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19, in order to improve patients' autonomy and quality of life. METHODS: This observational study has been performed in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19. All patients were evaluated at T0 using specific scales: Modified Barthel Index (MBI) for autonomy in ADL, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) for cognitive status, Borg scale for dyspnoea, EQ5D scale for quality of life. In absence of contraindications for the rehabilitation treatment, patients start early a rehabilitation protocol consisting of one session (30 minutes) per day, for 2 to 3 weeks;these scales have been repeated at patient's demission (T1). RESULTS: 70 patients (37 women and 33 men, with average age of 71 years) with severe COVID-19 were included in the study. After rehabilitation treatment, MBI increases statistically significantly from T0 to T1 (39.8±35.0 with 95% CI 31.6-48, vs 69.8±38.1 with 95% CI 60.8-78.7, p < 0.001);besides MBI at T0 correlates inversely and statistically significantly with all EQ-5D variables at T0, similarly at T1 (p < 0.001), indicating the improvement of autonomy and therefore of the quality of life. The MMSE correlates statistically significantly with MBI at T0 and T1 (r = 0.569, r = 0.747 respectively, p < 0.001), indicating that an adequate cognitive status is connected with a greater increase in autonomy in ADL after rehabilitation treatment. MBI correlates directly and significantly with the PaO2/FiO2 value both at T0 and T1 (r = 0.263 with p = 0.039, r = 0.389 with p = 0.023 respectively), indicating that improving the oxygen exchanges also improves the patient's autonomy. CONCLUSIONS: An early rehabilitation treatment should promote autonomy and a better quality of life in patients with COVID-19. © 2022-IOS Press. All rights reserved.


Although the modern American kinship system is nominally a bilateral system, the very definition of kin ties is based on the principles of patriarchy. Women do not gain their rights to their children in this society as mothers, but as father-equivalents, sources of genetic material. In child rearing as in childbearing, women may take on the role of fathers to their children, substituting poorer women to do the traditional mothering work. The resultant recasting of the classic Oedipal drama in terms of class and race rather than gender is described. This article argues that we must move beyond patriarchal definitions of the relations between parents and children, and beyond modifications that simply extend to some women, most often at cost to other women, some of the privileges of patriarchy.


In 2003 scientists at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and the University of California at Berkeley undertook a collaborative effort. The goal of this collaboration is to develop a concept for an active neutron interrogation system that can detect small masses of contraband fissile material in intermodal cargo containers--roughly five kg of highly-enriched-uranium or one kg of plutonium--even when well shielded by thick cargo. It is essential that implementation of the concept be reliable and has low false-positive and false-negative error rates. Interrogation must also be rapid to avoid interruption of commerce; analysis must be completed in minutes. This document summarizes that effort to date and was drawn, with the exception of minor editing, from the summary in Ref. 1.


General practice pp 284,288

In today's BMJ Rice and colleagues describe the derivation of a formula for allocating prescribing budgets to health authorities and primary care groups in England (p 284).1 The formula is based on the most comprehensive analysis of general practice prescribing costs so far and—despite criticisms such as those outlined by Baines et al on p 2882—is likely to be the best available for the foreseeable future. The new formula will be used to help set target allocations and has several important implications.

Firstly, the new formula represents a major change in the methods used to allocate NHS budgets. The various formulas currently used have four main components: a population count; weightings for age and sex;measures of health need; and a component for unavoidable factors. The most important is the population count. Traditionally the population counts have been the estimated resident population for each health authority. The new formula for prescribing budgets will use general practice lists …


'Gunnf,r, B. W., and Fox, B. S. 0., MED. J. Atrs'r., 1960, 1: 129 (January 23). 2 Cornish, G., and Galbraith, D., MED. J. AUST., 1960, 1: 1020 (June 25). 8 Gunner, B. W., Moo. J. AUST., 1960, 2: 47 (July 9). SIR: Your two English sister weeklies, The Lancet and the British Medical Journal, make frequent use of quotable extracts from books, journals and speeches. These not only provide food for thought, but also frequently protect an important article from the inauspicious fate of beginning in the bottom few inches of the second column of the page before its rightful place of honour. Thus too the storage space of those who tear out and file important articles may also be conserved. I am sure that many besides myself would welcome the introduction of this system; and to set a good example, I am sending you a few snippets. Would others please copy? Since I am both a contributor of articles and an occasional reviewer of books, may I sign myself simply Yours, eto., "A WIllLL-WISHER." Undated.


A binomial probit model is applied to study the cotton farmers' behavior in Manas Valley, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The purpose is to examine the factors influencing the producers' decisions to insurance their crops. The results indicate that variation in risk in cotton yields, specialization of the cotton producers, total acreage, and farmer's experience in farming are significant statistically at the farmer level. Recommendations for extension of crop insurance program are provided


In the inspect process of fresh picking tea, an essential segment is variety selection; And in the cultivation and research stage, variety research and identification is also a means to improve variety protection. Traditional methods often have problems such as a single way, not accurate segmentation and so on. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and machine vision, the intelligent training models of deep learning are also becoming more and more widely used in the recognition and classification of objects. This thesis proposes a new tea sorting system based on CNN, which can extract characteristic information from shape and color, and can classify 10 kinds of tea, realizing the intelligent, rapid and accurate sorting of tea variety.


Using advanced techniques of GIS with integrated treatment of immense datum, spatial analysis and model calculation, this paper evaluated and analysed some important issues, such as soil erosion, soil pollution, soil nutrient dilution and ecological stability in agricultural eco environment in Fujian province. The spatial distributions of regional characteristics were proposed. It will facilitates the development and harness of the region.


Classical predator—prey models do not predict the positive relationships between the abundances of organisms on adjacent trophic levels seen in natural communities. Modifications that can relieve this disparity can be categorized as mechanisms of "predator damping," which can be expressed in a simple, analytical form as ratio dependence. It has been suggested that the strength of predator damping can be estimated from the shape of the relationship between prey and predator biomass using ratio—dependent models. I present a theoretical argument showing why this approach should only be applied when predator and prey are the top two trophic levels in an ecosystem. Using published data from temperate lakes that include large—scale fish manipulations, I also show that the relationship between phytoplankton biomass and Daphnia biomass suggests much weaker damping when higher trophic levels (fish) are absent than when fish are present. Thus, inferring the strength of predator damping using patterns of abundance in ecosystems is of dubious validity when interactions are imbedded within simple food chains.


Oral mucoceles are common lesions that normally appear in the second decade of life. They are uncommon in neonates and infants. We present a case of a mucocele in a 10‐month‐old infant and review the literature regarding the epidemiology and treatment in this age group.


Introduction: Majority of children with cerebral palsy patients suffer from fixed flexion contractures of their knees. Procedures commonly used to correct knee flexion deformities include hamstring release, anterior femoral hemiepiphyseodesis and femoral extension osteotomies. The latter procedure can cause neurovascular complications. Femoral stapling procedures are not very popular because of a theoretical risk of permanent physeal closure. We present our initial experience in correction of knee flexion deformity by using the 8-plate technique. This uses guided growth in the distal femoral physis to achieve gradual correction of the knee flexion deformity. Materials and Methods: We reviewed a consecutive series of 25 children with fixed flexion deformity of the knee who underwent anterior femoral hemiepiphysiodesis using a two-hole plate (8-plate) between April 2005 and April 2008. The pre-operative and postoperative knee flexion deformity (in degrees) and complication rates were also recorded. Paired t-Test was undertaken to assess the correction in the fixed flexion deformity post-operatively Results: Total number of patients – 25, male:female = 19:6. Total number of limbs – 46 The mean age of the patients was 11.04 years (range between 4–16). Mean follow up time for the patients after they had undergone the procedure was 16.2 months (range 3 – 34). The Mean correction achieved − 21.52 degrees (range 5 – 40). Mean correction per month − 2.05 degrees. A paired 't' test showed the correction was found to be highly statistically significant (p value Conclusion: We conclude that this is a simple technique with few complications to date. The learning curve for this procedure is 1 case. All patients in our series have shown promising results, with sustained gradual correction to date.


Specialist interpretation and accurate mapping of aerial photographs can create a sound framework on which to base other forms of archaeological survey. This has become routine in many developer-funded assessments but has rarely happened on an extensive scale in Britain. It is proposed that there are historical reasons for this as well as there being present-day differences in interests of the principal funding bodies.

Recent survey of the East Anglian Fenland allows results of a long-term programme of field walking to be combined with those from interpretation and mapping of aerial photographs. Examples identify the efficacy and limitations of each form of survey and demonstrate the considerable increase in archaeological information that is gained by integrating the two. Field survey and air photo interpretation in the Fenland were carried out in succession rather than in parallel and can readily highlight how each method can assist the other. This leads on to suggest ways in which our designs for archaeological surveys can be improved.


We describe the facile synthesis of a range of aminonitrofluorene derivatives by employing a copper-catalyzed Ullmann-type reaction protocol. The yields of the reactions compare fairly with the Buchwald-Hartwig coupling reaction. Structural evidence, spectroscopic data and theoretical calculations provide the structure-property relationship.


In high-accuracy form measurement, error influences have to be minimized or avoided. Suitably designed multiple sensor systems can be used for this purpose. The principles and systems developed at PTB will be presented.


By using the Bogoliubov perturbation theory in combination with variational methods, we derive an expression for the ground-state energy for a one-dimensional neutral system containing a large number (N) of locally interacting «charged» bosons in one dimension. When only «Coulomb-like» interactions are considered, the employment of Dirichlet boundary conditions leads to a physically sensible bound state, while using periodic boundary conditions does not. As car as the large-N dependence is concerned, our results agree with those proposed recently, but our derived expression produces a better value for the ground-state energy


Introduction The Tumbesian region in Southern Ecuador and Northwestern Peru is home to many different species of birds, and ~30% of these birds are found nowhere else on Earth. The Gray-breasted Flycatcher, Lathrotriccus griseipectus, (Fig. 1) is an endemic that is listed as Vulnerable by the IUCN due to its small distribution and ongoing habitat degradation. There is little known about the biology of this species. Therefore, gathering data about its life history is essential for conservation. Results


This article examines the possible origin of the traditional date of the matriarch Rachel's death, the eleventh day of eighth month. Noting that significant births are often associated with significant dates in the Jewish calendar, this article looks at the evidence provided in the book of Jubilees and the Temple Scroll from Qumran, Rachel's death is shown to be connected with a significant day, the day directly following the conclusion of the harvest period.


Attention paid to energy efficiency in datacenters has been increasing significantly in the last decade. One of the latest trends on this issue is supplying datacenters with renewable energy, and reducing the carbon footprint of datacenters is a major step towards green computing. Following this trend, more and more datacenters are built in cold climate areas for cheaper cooling and increased energy efficiency of the facilities. However, such geographical locations have a very varying availability of renewable energy (especially solar energy), depending on the annual month and fitting the datacenters completely with renewable energy is hence more difficult. This paper analyzes the feasibility of using renewable energies for a datacenter located on the 60° latitude north. We analyze the energy consumption caused by the server workload and the cost-to-energy trade-off related to available wind and solar energy sources. A wind and solar power model is built based on real weather data for the city of Turku, Finland, and a feasibility study is conducted for fitting a datacenter with renewable energy sources on such a location. The available monthly and annual renewable energy is analyzed for different scenarios and compared with the energy consumption of a simulated datacenter. We also analyze the ratio between number of wind turbines and m2 solar panel to achieve a desired fraction of renewable energy sources for a given datacenter.


1. Introduction There are two major types of language generation.l The first of these is monologue generation, which focuses on generating monologue text, typically of paragraph length. The second is dialogue generation, the aim of which is to produce cooperative , interactive discourse. Typically projects in natural language generation focus on one or the other, but some researchers are now considering how the two fit together. This paper is one of a series that discuss how this may. be done, at the second stage of generation, i.e. the generation of the structure of discourse. The most influential approach to planning discourse monologues in recent years has undoubtedly been Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST). While there is much to discuss about this framework, for our present purposes we shall adopt and accept the 'standard version, as found in Mann and Thompson (1987) and the many papers that build on it. For dialogue we use what we take to be the most holistic and most explicit development of the Birmingham School of discourse analysis (originating with Sinclair and Coulthard 1975), namely the Systemic Flowchart Model (SFM). This was first described in Fawcett, van der Mije and van Wissen (1988). The present paper follows on from two earlier papers in particular. The first describes the implementation of the SFM as part of the COMMUNAL Project (Lin, Fawcett and Davies 1993).2 The second is Fawcett and Davies' ~rogrammatic paper (1993), which describes ow an integration of RST and the SFM might be attempted, The purpose of the present paper is to give an account of an implementation of the point where the two models are integrated-including a new system network through which this is achieved. We see no reason why other contributions that draw on a broadly systemic functional approach to modelling RST relations, such as Vander Linden, Cumming and Martin (1993) and Maier and Hovy (1993), may not be integrated with the present proposals.


This study identifies the structural dimensions that constitute a service recovery system. We employ a structured scale development process to introduce, define, and operationalize seven distinct first-order constructs (i.e., structural dimensions) of service recovery. Potential constructs and their items are identified from the literature, experts and practitioners are employed to refine scales, and psychometric properties are tested using data from a sample of 158 service providers. Constructs such as those developed here should prove to be useful as researchers strive to incorporate operational notions into service recovery studies and to move toward systematic recovery prescriptions for service providers. Accordingly, the results presented herein can provide a springboard for future research on service recovery while also providing practicing managers with a diagnostic tool against which to benchmark existing recovery systems.


In procurement auctions the object for sale is a contract, bidders are suppliers, and the bid taker is a buyer. The suppliers bidding for the contract are usually the current supplier (the incumbent) and a group of potential new suppliers (the entrants). Since the buyer has an ongoing relationship with the incumbent, he needs to adjust the bids of the entrants to include non-price attributes, such as the switching costs. The buyer can run a scoring auction, in which suppliers compete on the adjusted bids or scores, or, he can run a buyer-determined auction, in which suppliers compete on the price, and the buyer adjusts a certain number of the bids with the non-price attributes after the auction to determine the winner. Unless the incumbent has a significant cost advantage over the entrants, I find that the buyer should run a scoring auction if the non-price attributes are available. If the non-price attributes are difficult or expensive to obtain, the buyer should run a buyer-determined auction adjusting only the lowest price bid.


STUDY OBJECTIVES
To investigate gray matter volume and concentration and cerebral perfusion in people with untreated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) while awake.

DESIGN
Voxel-based morphometry to quantify gray matter concentration and volume. Arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging to quantify cerebral perfusion.

SETTING
Lying supine in a 3-T magnetic resonance imaging scanner in the early afternoon.

PARTICIPANTS
19 people with OSA (6 females, 13 males; mean age 56.7 y, range 41-70; mean AHI 18.5, range 5.2-52.8) and 19 controls (13 females, 6 males; mean age: 50.0 y, range 41-81).

INTERVENTIONS
N/A.

MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS
There were no differences in regional gray matter concentration or volume between participants with OSA and controls. Neither was there any difference in regional perfusion between controls and people with mild OSA (n = 11). However, compared to controls, participants with moderate-severe OSA (n = 8) had decreased perfusion (while awake) in three clusters. The largest cluster incorporated, bilaterally, the paracingulate gyrus, anterior cingulate gyrus, and subcallosal cortex, and the left putamen and left frontal orbital cortex. The second cluster was right-lateralized, incorporating the posterior temporal fusiform cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, and hippocampus. The third cluster was located in the right thalamus.

CONCLUSIONS
There is decreased regional perfusion during wakefulness in participants with moderate-severe obstructive sleep apnea, and these are in brain regions which have shown decreased regional gray matter volume in previous studies in people with severe OSA. Thus, we hypothesize that cerebral perfusion changes are evident before (and possibly underlie) future structural changes.


Minimizing total tardiness in single machine scheduling is known as NP-hard. In this paper, the problem is extended to include non-zero ready times and the preemption of jobs is not allowed. First, a mathematical model is developed. Due to computational complexities with the mathematical model, a Genetic Algorithm approach is also proposed and later its performance is compared with optimal solutions. The results show that GA can find optimal solution for small problems and near optimal solutions for large problems. The results also show that among Delay-only, Non-delay-only, and Random strategies, Non-delay strategy produced more robust solutions whereas random strategy found the optimal solution in smaller problem categories.


Saponaria vaccaria 'Pink Beauty' was found to be a test plant for carnation mottle virus. Its value was compared with that of Chenopodium amaranticolor for indexing for the virus, and this bioassay was compared with a serological diagnosis. Serological double-diffusion tests gave the quickest reactions, bu t proved to be the least sensitive; addition of 1 M urea did not increase sensitivity. Local lesions resulting from infectivity tests on detached leaves of C. amaranticolor in a climate room could be counted after 1 week and these tests were about equally sensitive as those on leaves on intact plants of this species in the glasshouse, which were read after about 10 days. Infectivity tests on Saponaria vaccaria 'Pink Beauty' resulted in systemic symptoms 10 to 14 days after inoculation; this method appeared to be the most sensitive. Introduction and literature


Aim. The aim was to analyze the results of intensive care for COVID-19 associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) using optimized tactical aspects of respiratory support. Methods. In this prospective study, the comparison group included 436 consecutive patients admitted to the ICU of "A-block Zangiota-1" in the period from January 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021 (taking into account the representativeness of the main group), whose the therapeutic and tactical aspects of management were based on the first own experience with results analysis across organizational and therapeutic approaches. The main group included 288 patients admitted from July 1, 2021 to October 1, 2021, whose therapeutic and tactical aspects of management were developed on the basis of a fundamental revision of the differential diagnosis, pathomorphological classification and respiratory mechanics of COVID-19 associated ARDS, as well as taking into account the influence of risk factors for the severe course of the disease and various methods and technologies of respiratory support. Accordingly, adapted and optimized respiratory therapy standards have been applied in main group. Results. The frequency of intubations and transfers to mechanical ventilation had no statistical difference between the groups (p=0.362). In the main group, cases of tracheostomy (73.8%) were significantly (p<0.001) more than the comparison group (14.5%). In the comparison group, the proportion of patients with severe ARDS decreased from 29.6% to 23.8% (p=0.067), and in the main group from 31.0% to 17.0% (p<0.001). The average duration of treatment of patients in the ICU was 22 (from 7 to 32) days in the comparison group and 17 (from 9 to 27) days in the main group (p<0.05). The frequency of deaths in COVID-19 associated ARDS was 11.1% in the main group, which was significantly lower (p=0.036) than the comparison group (16.7%). Among patients on invasive mechanical ventilation (intubation and tracheostomy), the mortality rate was 96.0% in the comparison group and 76.2% in the main group of patients (p = 0.003). Conclusion. Providing respiratory support for COVID-19 associated ARDS, taking into account the individual characteristics of respiratory mechanics, can improve the results of treatment of patients with an increase in the oxygenation index, a decrease in the proportion of cases of severe ARDS, and reduce the mortality rate and the length of stay of patients in the ICU.


OBJECTIVE: To quantify risk of Parkinson's Disease (PD) after traumatic brain injury (TBI) sustained in older-adulthood.
BACKGROUND: TBI is a risk factor for PD. Risk of PD after recent TBI in older adults has proven difficult to assess due to possible confounding or reverse-causation if patients with incipient PD are more prone to injury. To mitigate this concern we compared TBI to non-TBI trauma (NTT).
DESIGN/METHODS: Using administrative emergency department (ED) and inpatient data from California hospitals, we identified patients age 蠅55 with TBI (n=53,303) or NTT (n=114,269) diagnosed in 2005-2006 who didn't have baseline PD or dementia and survived to discharge (total n=167,572). TBI was defined according to Centers for Disease Control ICD-9 criteria. NTT was defined as fracture, excluding fractures of head/neck. Using Cox proportional hazards ratios (adjusted for demographics, comorbidities, healthcare use, trauma severity), we estimated risk of PD after TBI or NTT through 12/31/2011, excluding patients with PD diagnoses made 1 TBI) were also assessed.
RESULTS: TBI patients were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with PD compared to NTT patients (1.7[percnt] versus 1.1[percnt], p 1 TBI HR 1.85, 95[percnt] CI 1.56-2.18) suggested a dose-response.
CONCLUSIONS: Among patients age 蠅55 presenting to an ED/inpatient setting with trauma, TBI is associated with a 45[percnt] increased risk of PD over the subsequent 5-7 years that is likely not entirely due to confounding or reverse-causation. Disclosure: Dr. Gardner has nothing to disclose. Dr. Burke has nothing to disclose. Dr. Nettiksimmons has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kaup has nothing to disclose. Dr. Barnes has received research support from Posit Science. Dr. Goldman has nothing to disclose. Dr. Tanner has received personal compensation for activities with Pfizer Inc. as a consultant. Dr. Yaffe has received personal compensation for activities with Pfizer Inc., Medivation, and Novartis.


In this paper, the FER is shown to be a possible candidate for ESD protection in deeply scaled SOI technology. It2 of above 50 mA/µm and capacitance below 0.6 fF/µm are achieved. Despite the FER's higher resistivity than SOI diode, its major advantage is the dual-directional current shunting capability, such that ESD protection between I/O pads and power buses can be achieved with a single-device solution at the pad instead of several devices. Therefore, this device expands the conventional ESD design space for trading off parameters such as resistivity, Ileak and capacitance. Results from measurements and TCAD simulations further instantiate the advantages of the FERs in current and future SOI technologies. For future technologies such as ultra-thin-film SOI and FinFET, better gate controllability can be achieved to sustain the inversion regions. Thus, the well doping can be increased to lower the resistivity, making the FER more suitable for I/O protection.


The invention discloses a kind of stereoscopic monitoring method of the land destruction feature of coal resources pit mining, comprise the following steps:Establish observation base point and coordinate control system;Lay easy encryption observation station;Lay rigid inclinometer pipe;Lay displacement transducer array;Branch's design of observation program.The present invention has taken into full account the characteristics of existing high tension coal mining technique, using modern measure technology and sensor technology as Main Means, in the overall process of exploitation, shallow strata deformation is deformed and ground fissure is overall as a research, on working face yardstick, system is carried out to land destruction feature, dynamically, fine monitoring, data acquired is enriched, possesses precision height, the characteristics of ageing strong, shallow strata deformation deformation rule and ground fissure genesis and development rule can be obtained, it can be the research compacting data basis of a mechanism for ecological compensation of this area, science reference is provided to formulate the land reclamation construction technology of science.


Sport is widely acknowledged as an important contributor to the United Kingdom's soft power resources. This article aims to broaden and deepen our understanding of sport and soft power in the United Kingdom through a case study of British expeditions to, and the eventual conquest of, Mount Everest. Based on original archival research, the article demonstrates that British state institutions intervened systematically and strategically to expedite, and massage the story of, the ascent of Everest to burnish British prestige and present a favourable image to the world. In doing so, the article provides evidence that sport has been intrinsic to the United Kingdom's diplomatic repertoire and soft power assets for considerably longer than existing accounts discern. Moreover, the Everest case offers important cues for contemporary policymakers. In particular, it demonstrates the need for the United Kingdom to project a clear, credible and consistent image if it is to profit from its soft power resources.


Previously, tactile displays focused on the tactile presentation of the surface of a virtual object. In contrast, this study attempts to provide a tactile feeling on the space inside a virtual object when fingers penetrate it. Our previous study developed a finger-mounted pin-array display with the smallest pin pitch, representing the highest spatial resolution. Using the display, we attempt to present the tactile impression of "Rough," "Grainy," and "Sparse" which correspond to Japanese onomatopoeia of "Zara-Zara," "Tsubu-Tsubu," or "Chiri-Chiri" with simple patterned stimuli arranged in 3D space. A series of experiments were conducted in this study to determine the following: (1) the stimuli that can provide users with different tactile impressions inside objects and (2) the effect of tactile display spatial resolution on the recognition of tactile impressions inside objects. The results clarified that we could provide three different tactile impressions in space with certain stimuli configurations. Besides, the results demonstrated that participants recognized the tactile impression better with a larger spatial resolution configuration of the device. This study reveals a new field of tactile presentation, that is, tactile presentation inside an object.


In this paper, we propose a method to detect and recover the occluded parts of face images using the correlation between pairs of pixels. In the training stage, correlation coefficients between every pairs of pixels are calculated using the occlusion-free training face images. Once a new face image is shown, the occluded area is detected and recovered using correlation coefficients obtained in the training stage. We compare the performance of the proposed method with the conventional method based on PCA. The results show that the proposed method detects and recovers occluded area with much smaller noises than the conventional PCA based method.


The COVID-19 pandemic has sparked new perceptions of death—dying has lost its disinterestedness and transpired to be a site of cultural, existential and political struggles, despite efforts to shelve the idea of an unavoidable death from everyday life. Moroccan media, in particular, has centered its focus on mass burials, over-crowded hospitals and spiraling death rates to amplify citizens' fear of death and thereby coerce them to stay at home in concert with the WHO guidelines. Given their physical and emotional proximity to the virus, this article zooms in on semi-structured narrative interviews with COVID-19 patients from Fez, Morocco, to analyze the implication of their pre-, during- and post-contamination experiences on the novel perceptions of death and dying. It arrives at a pivotal result: the return of symbolic immortality upon recovery when ex-patients become heroes who have succeeded in sidestepping the horror that the media worked untiringly to convey.


Autonomous vehicles (AVs) have generated excitement for the future of transportation. Public transit agencies and companies (i.e., Uber) have begun developing shared autonomous transportation services. Most AV surveys focus on public opinion of perceived benefits and concerns of AVs but are not directly tied to field implementation of AVs. Experience and exposure to new technology affect adults' perceptions and level of technology acceptance. As such, the Autonomous RideShare Services Survey (ARSSS) was developed to assess adults' perceptions of AVs before and after being exposed to AVs. Face validity and content validity were established via focus groups and subject-matter experts (CVI = 0.95). Adults in the U.S. (N = 553) completed the ARSSS, and a subsample (N = 100) completed the survey again after two weeks. An exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the ARSSS consists of three factors that can be used to reliably quantify users' perceptions of AVs: (a) Intention to Use, Trust, and Safety (r = 0.85, p < 0.001, ICC = 0.99); (b) Potential Benefits (r = 0.70, p < 0.001, ICC = 0.97); and (c) Accessibility (r = 0.78, p < 0.001, ICC = 0.96) of AVs. These are key factors in predicting intention to use and acceptance of AVs. Results from the ARSSS may inform the acceptance among users of these AV technologies.


The present invention relates to a smart home system and an electronic device for establishing the same. An electronic device according to the present invention comprises: a body part having an electric circuit; a wireless communication unit included in the body part; a sensor unit which is mounted on the body part and senses at least one object to be sensed; a cover part detachably coupled to the body part so as to cover at least a part of the body part and electrically connected to the electric circuit; and a control unit for controlling the wireless communication unit to transmit, to an external device, a radio signal according to a resistance value formed by the coupling of the cover part and sensing information sensed through the sensor unit.


SIR,—In their discussion of the function of the proximal structures developed in certain Llandovery graptoioids, Rickards & Koren (Geol. Mag. I l l (3), 1974, pp. 193-204) seem to present two alternative interpretations involving mode of life. Since this is a subject with which I have been concerned for a number of years I would like to discuss the arguments leading to these interpretations. In the flattened specimens of Orthograptus obuti figured and described by Rickards & Koren, the proximal end of the rhabdosome lies between two layers of a black semicircular membrane. Rickards and Koren consider that the latter must have been secreted by extrathecal tissue, and conclude that 'the soft tissue was probably much more extensive than the skeletal hard parts'. The authors similarly regard the virgellar meshwork and long thecal spines of Orthograptus insectiformis as suggesting 'extensive amounts of extrathecal tissue surrounding the rhabdosome'. They argue that' the question of function then becomes one of querying the purpose of extensive quantities of extrathecal tissue' and that 'since Bulman (1957) has suggested that the extrathecal tissue may have been vacuolated tissue (i.e. containing quantities of gas as tiny bubbles), the membranous envelope in O. obuti and the spinose bundle of Glyptograptus tabukensis could have held vacuolated extrathecal tissue which would, probably, have floated the rhabdosomes "upside-down"'. However, they recognize that the planar element in the observed structures, the dorsoventral orientation of the membrane in O. obuti, and the extension of the spinose bundles in G. tabukensis in a plane at right angles to this, suggests that the function was 'one of stability in the currents; flotation may have been achieved in what is the more likely method in most graptolites, namely by concentration of vacuolated tissue along the nema or any developments thereof. (In spite, presumably, of those quantities of vacuolated extrathecal tissue imagined within the membranous envelope of O. obuti and spinose bundle of G. tabukensis.) In both of these conflicting interpretations, Rickards & Koren seem to imply passive flotation of rhabdosomes buoyed up by vacuolated tissue 'probably much more extensive than the skeletal hard parts'. I have pointed out previously (1969, 1972a) that a graptolite colony carried in passive suspension within an ocean current would have rapidly exhausted the food immediately surrounding it, and that the co-ordinated ciliary currents necessary to bring in sufficient food from further away would have resulted in reciprocal movement of the rhabdosome and the evolution of automobility. Ciliary currents causing upward movement during active feeding balanced by gravitational sinking when relatively inactive would have maintained the colony at the optimum overall level in the sea. Such diurnal movement seems to be almost universal among planktonic organisms, it would be strange indeed if it had not been shared by the graptoioids.


The energy situation of China has been very tough. Our country's oil is heavily dependent on imports and lack of oil and gas reserve. The shortage of oil and gas resource has become an important factor which restricts our national economy health and sustainable development. Guided by the theory of petroleum system, we analyzed the Mesozoic-Palaeozoic marine strata hydrocarbon accumulation elements and conditions of the sourthern depression in Southern Yellow Sea Basin and concluded the hydrocarbon accumulation pattern in order to find the reserving oil and gas. There are seven source-reservoir-cap assemblages. Different tectonic units experienced different tectonic evolution history. The source rock of Lower Palaeozoic, Upper Palaeozoic and Lower Triassic have experienced four, three and two hydrocarbon generation stages separately in the depression. But the source rock of Lower Palaeozoic and Upper Palaeozoic in the salient have only experienced two and one hydrocarbon generation stages separately. Hydrocarbon generated by Mesozoic-Palaeozoic source rock migrated to the traps by fault, crack and unconformity. Lithologic trap, broad anticlinal trap and fault-lithologic trap are the main types in the study area. By the analysis of Mesozoic-Palaeozoic marine hydrocarbon accumulation in the sourthern depresssion, we concluded two accumulation patterns which are the original lithologic reservoir in the Mesozoic-Palaeozoic marine strata and fault-lithologic reservoir in the Mesozoic-Cenozoic terrestrial strata. These results will help to predict the oil and gas resources.


The background of the research is the valuation in each successive of individual counseling by guidance and counseling teacher at Senior High School PGRI 1 Padang which is still done improperly as it is hoped. The research focus is (1) the form of process appraisal in each successive of individual counseling, (2) the form of outcome appraisal in each successive of individual counseling. The research design is descriptive qualitative, by using snowball sampling to get the sample. The research informants are two guidance and counseling teachers of Senior High School PGRI 1, and the supportive informants are seven students of Senior High School PGRI 1 who involve in each successive of individual counseling. The data is accumulated by interview. Then, the data is analyzed in three steps: (1) data reduction, (2) data presentation , (3) conclusion. The test result indicates that the appraisals done by the guidance and counseling teacher are: 1) process appraisal 2) outcome appraisal. The outcome appraisal is done in three steps likely, immediate, short term, and long term. This appraisals are Understanding, Comfort, Action (UCA).


The main purpose of the study was to investigate some of the lasting effects of early English education on third-grade primary Emglish education...


Counting problems pose a difficult challenge for a majority of students. The struggle typically lies in setting up the problem and figuring out what counting rules to apply. To overcome this hurdle...


It is unknown how often patients with sensory neuronopathy (SNN) present with a distal symmetric polyneuropathy (DSP) phenotype. In these cases, electrodiagnostic testing may discriminate SNN with a DSP phenotype from DSP.


In MOPP-resistant patients with Hodgkin-lymphoma stage III B and IV the well known ABVD-protocol was compared with the DBVCy-protocol (daunorubicin, bleomycin, vincristine, cytostasan) in a randomized prospective trial. 73 patients were evaluable, 35 received ABVD, 38 DBVCy. 4 out of 35 (11%) in the ABVD-group and 9 out of 38(24%) in the DBVCy-group reached complete remission. The median duration of the remission for DBVCy was 4,5 months, for ABVD 3,4 months (no significance). Median survivals (61 months in DBVCy and 37 months in ABVD) did not show significant differences; but the DBVCy-scheme seems to be better tolerabel. With the given evaluation can not be proved a difference between the two groups, but it is not likely, that one of the regimen is very much better or very much worse as the other.


Hyaluronan is unusual because it can be used as a highly biocompatible and noninflammatory implant material with mechanical properties that can be customized by altering the polymer configuration. This article suggests that there may be numerous applications in the foot and ankle, including treatments for arthritis, soft-tissue augmentation, and ulcerations.


The first NAEDI Research Conference took place on 17th and 18th February 2011. It saw presentations from leading researchers in the cancer awareness, screening and early diagnosis fields and spanned research from epidemiology to primary care to behaviour change. On this page you can find information about presentations given at the conference and the agenda for the day can be found as an appendix to this document.


Blue sensitive photodetectors have been fabricated from thallium bromide (TlBr) crystals for scintillation detection. Lu2SiO5 (LSO)/TlBr detectors consisting of 3 mm×4 mm TlBr photodetectors coupled to 2 mm×2 mm×4 mm long LSO scintillators have demonstrated energy resolutions of 34.5% and 25.5% full width at half maximum for 511 keV and 662 keV γ rays, respectively.


Abstract Technological development in the telecommunications and related areas have made available a wide variety of optical structures such as thin silica rods, hollow cylinders, fiber bundles, and many planar geometries such as thin films or channels resting on flat substrates. These devices have become the basis of various chemical sensor studies. The application of cylindrical fiber optics has been leveraged heavily in developing microscopic detectors in which they serve as light pipes to transport spectrometric information between the source, analyte, and photodetector. Slab waveguides, on the other hand, offer many advantages over their cylindrical counterparts. Slab waveguides consist of planar or rectangular structures with a thickness ranging from 0.1 μm to 1 mm. They can also be molded as multilayers or channels on a substrate. Both thin and thick slab waveguides are useful in chemical sensing. In this article, the concept of waveguiding phenomena in thick and thin waveguides is introduced. Emph...


In English reading,the demonstrative ambiguity of pronoun is always caused by binding between the pronoun and governing category.This paper analyzes this in detail under the GB theory and put forward the concrete strategies to eliminate or avoid the demonstrative ambiguity.


We evaluated the phytotoxic effects that the hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts from leaves and branches of the species Turnera ulmifolia L. and Turnera diffusa Willd. ex Schult. (Turneraceae), at concentrations of 1.25, 2.50, 3.75 and 5.00 mg ml-1, have on seed germination and seedling development in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). None of the extracts tested prevented germination, although the ethyl acetate extracts of T. diffusa, at 3.75 and 5.00 mg ml-1, reduced the mean germination speed and time to germination. Hexane extracts of both species reduced the main root length, number of secondary roots and hypocotyl length. In the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts, the number of secondary roots and hypocotyl length varied by species and concentration. Ethyl acetate extracts of T. ulmifolia at 2.50 mg ml-1. Comparatively, T. diffusa extracts inhibited development to a greater degree, thus presenting greater allelopathic potential, than did T. ulmifolia extracts.


tiotrophoblast microvilli into the maternal circulation in pre-eclamptic pregnancies. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1998; 105: 632–40. 9 Germain SJ, Sacks GP, Sooranna SR, Sargent IL, Redman CW. Systemic inflammatory priming in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia: the role of circulating syncytiotrophoblast microparticles. J Immunol 2007; 178: 5949–56. 10 Agouni A, Mostefai HA, Porro C, Carusio N, Favre J, Richard V, Henrion D, Martı́nez MC, Andriantsitohaina R. Sonic hedgehog carried by microparticles corrects endothelial injury through nitric oxide release. FASEB J 2007; 21: 2735–41.


This paper describes a combinatorial Synthesis of the Mannich Bases in Solution through the Mannich reaction using 3 ketones, 5 amines and formaldehyde in solution and hydrochloride as a catalyst and then using a macroporous quarterized ammonium resin (CO32- form) as a scavenge agent to remove the acid catalyst when the Mannich reaction is completed. It was found by GC/MS analysis that the symmetrical ketone, such as acetone, in the Mannich reaction mainly produces one Mannich base; while the asymmetrical ketone, such as 2-pentanone, gives two Mannich bases. The reactivity depends on the tereo-hinder of both ketones and amines.


Vendor managed inventory (VMI) is a widely applied stock management method in SCM in which the inventory is controlled, planned and managed by the supplier, on behalf of the organization which consumes the product, based on an expected demand and on previously agreed inventory levels. Thus, is the supplier who, according to the customer inventory levels, generates a purchase order defining quantities and delivery dates (Marques et al., 2010).


Geostatistics has been successfully used to analyse and characterize the spatial variability of environmental properties. Besides providing estimated values at unsampled locations, geostatistics measures the accuracy of the estimate, which is a significant advantage over traditional methods used to assess pollution. This work uses universal block kriging to model and map the spatial distribution of salinity measurements gathered by an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle in a sea outfall monitoring campaign. The aim is to distinguish the effluent plume from the receiving waters, characterizing its spatial variability in the vicinity of the discharge and estimating dilution. The results demonstrate that geostatistical methodology can provide good estimates of the dispersion of effluents, which are valuable in assessing the environmental impact and managing sea outfalls. Moreover, since accurate measurements of the plume's dilution are rare, these studies may be very helpful in the future to validate dispersion models.


This study aimed to analyze the influence of profitability, asset growth, operating leverage, and firm size of capital structure partially on food and beverages company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. Independent variables used in this study are profitability, asset growth, operating leverage and firm size, while the dependent variable in this study is capital structure. Populations used in this study are food and beverages companies listed on IDX 2010 - 2012 where the total population is used by 18 companies. The sampling technique used was purvosive sampling technique in which the number of observations obtained this study was 54 (18x3). Test used in this study is the classical assumption (normality, heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation, and multicollinearity) and hypothesis test (t test and determination). Of the results of the testing that has been done, the partial regression test (t test) showed that the independent variables asset growth and operating leverage which has a significant influence on capital structure, while the independent variable profitability and firm size does not affect the capital structure. Keywords : profitability, asset growth, operating leverage, firm size, capital structure, food and beverages companies


At present, no one doubts the increase in the incidence of ringworm of the feet since the war. It is also agreed that this increasing incidence is due to the popularity of all forms of sports demanding common dressing rooms, runways and shower baths. The estimated frequency ranges from 90 per cent in male college students indulging in athletics to 50 per cent in the general adult population. In children of high school age the incidence has been estimated at about 25 to 50 per cent. The prevention of this disease has therefore assumed major importance. It is now generally recognized that ringworm of the feet is, in many instances, one of the most intractable diseases. Recurrences are extremely common under conditions of increased heat and moisture. Dissemination of the organisms to other parts of the body has frequently brought about long periods of illness and suffering. We report a


Traditionally, migration from one integrated library system (ILS) to another has been an arduous, difficult task; so much so, that libraries may choose to stay with an unsatisfactory ILS longer than they would if a viable and easy alternative were available to them. However, this institutional inertia is not necessary, if the library (possibly in cooperation with a vendor) develops a method for avoiding unnecessary and problems. In this chapter, a process is described that, when implemented, maximizes results, while minimizing pain and stress on the library and its' staff. DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-3938-6.ch005


This paper discusses the results of a conjoint anal ysis study developed to assess alternative land uses for an important part of the city of Venice: its Arsenal. Aim of the study is to illustrate the potential of stated pref e nces techniques for placing a value on redevelopment and reuse alternatives for an underut ilized site with high historical, cultural and architectural significance. Very few s tudies have used conjoint choice to assess public preferences for alternative land uses in an ex-ante framework, i.e. masterplans. In this paper we present the results o f a c njoint choice study conducted on the Arsenal of Venice. We surveyed individuals in Venice asking respondent s to engage in conjoint choice tasks, gathering 168 usable observations. Members of the g en ral public were intercepted at the Multimedia Library at Palazzo Querini Stampalia/FEE M and asked to indicate which choice they preferrd among hypothetical —but realistic—redevelopment projects of the Arsenale historic site. Each project was described y a vector of attributes, such as land use, use of basins and waterways, architectural fea tures, access, employment implied by the reuse, and cost. The responses to these choice tasks was used to infer the rate at which respondents trade off land uses, aesthetic features , and costs, and hence to derive the value of marginal changes in the attributes, and th e value of a proposed policy package.


Objective Falls are one of the most frequently occurring adverse events among hospitalized patients. The Morse Fall Scale, which has been widely used for fall risk assessment, has the two limitations of low specificity and difficulty in practical implementation. The aim of this study was to develop and validate an interpretable machine learning model for prediction of falls to be integrated in an electronic medical record (EMR) system. Methods This was a retrospective study involving a tertiary teaching hospital in Seoul, Korea. Based on the literature, 83 known predictors were grouped into seven categories. Interpretable fall event prediction models were developed using multiple machine learning models including gradient boosting and Shapley values. Results Overall, 191,778 cases with 272 fall events (0.1%) were included in the analysis. With the validation cohort of 2020, the area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) of the gradient boosting model was 0.817 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.720–0.904), better performance than random forest (AUROC, 0.801; 95% CI, 0.708–0.890), logistic regression (AUROC, 0.802; 95% CI, 0.721–0.878), artificial neural net (AUROC, 0.736; 95% CI, 0.650–0.821), and conventional Morse fall score (AUROC, 0.652; 95% CI, 0.570–0.715). The model's interpretability was enhanced at both the population and patient levels. The algorithm was later integrated into the current EMR system. Conclusion We developed an interpretable machine learning prediction model for inpatient fall events using EMR integration formats.


Latvia is one of the European Union member states since 1 May 2004. Emigration from Latvia increased with the free labour movement just after accession; furthermore another event increasing emigration was global economic recession which stroke Latvia and caused several changes in the economy and further population development.


Arrangement having a thermal expansion compensating element (4) for a transmission (1) of a motor vehicle with components (2, 10, 24) are made of materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion, with at least one shaft (10, 24) in at least one bearing (12, 28, 40) is mounted radially and axially, characterized in that the at least one bearing (12, 28, 40) is a formed by two roller bearings bearing, from which a radial bearing comprising a roller bearing (12, 40) of the shaft (10, 24) and the other roller bearing (28) assumes an axial mounting of the shaft (10, 24) and the thermal expansion compensating element (4) on the axially overlapping roller bearing (28) acts, wherein the relative axial movement (by the heat expansion compensating element 4) is introduced between the rolling elements (32, 41) and takes place their mating surface.


A microfluidic four-roll mill device that can cover the entire spectrum of flow types including purely rotational flow was designed using pseudo-three-dimensional simulations. In experiments using high aspect ratio devices etched in silicon, the authors observed the whole range of flow type by changing only the flow rate ratio. This microfluidic four-roll mill device can be applied to examining microdrop deformation and the dynamics of single molecules in a mixed flow or to enhancing mixing efficiency by sinusoidal changes of the inlet flow rate.


A phenomenon the low number of customers using Islamic banking compared to conventional banking in Indonesia, where the majority of the population is a Muslim. Then, potential islamic bank customer groups are students or people with an age range between 18 to 24 years, which is the potential of West Java Province as the largest population of Z generation. The research objective to analyze the factors that influence individual behavioral intentions to saving in islamic bank by using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). 100 questionnaires were distributed to people belonging to the Z generation category in Bandung Raya. Data from the questionnaire were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). Results explain there is a positive effect of intention on saving behavior, positive effect of subjective norms on intention, positive effect of PBC on intention, the effect of religiosity on intention, and positive effect of costumer satisfaction on saving behavior.