We are pleased to dedicate this special issue of the Journal of Computational Chemistry, entitled "Membrane Protein Simulations and Free Energy Approaches", to Professor Benoît Roux to mark the occasion of his 60th birthday. This issue is a collection of peer-reviewed articles contributed by 20 participants of a three-day symposium held for his 60th birthday celebration in August 2018 at the ACS 256th National Meeting in Boston, MA (Figure 1). This symposium was organized by three former Roux lab members (Wonpil Im, Nilesh Banavali, and Yun Lyna Luo) and brought together 46 of Benoît's friends, colleagues, and alumni. Benoît's seminal impact on the field of computational biophysics includes major innovations in quantitative free energy approaches to study molecular systems, which enabled deep advances in the understanding of membrane and protein dynamics and function. These inventive techniques have been also been applied to other challenging biological areas, such as macromolecular machines and protein-ligand binding. The articles selected in this special issue honor his pioneering research by showcasing the latest advances in biomolecular simulation, which demonstrate the vitality and variety of a computational biophysics community that Benoît has been instrumental in creating and fostering. Benoît and co-workers have been strongly involved in the development of two popular biomolecular modeling and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation software packages: CHARMM, dating back to his doctoral research with Professor Martin Karplus, and NAMD, through more recent collaborations with Professor Klaus Schulten. Novel method development has always been at the heart of Benoît's research program, and this is reflected in the research directions that his alumni have taken. In this issue, the Toby Allen group reviews the recent application of an atomistic string method, based on Benoît's "swarms-of-trajectories" approach, to elucidate the interdependence of conformational changes during pentameric ligand-gated ion channel activation. The Wonpil Im group presents a new tool in CHARMM-GUI that consists of two modules, Spin-Pair Distributor and restrained-ensemble MD Prepper, to setup simulations that utilize information from the powerful double electron–electron resonance (DEER) experiments. The Jose Faraldo-Gomez group presents a method to calculate the free energy of a shape transformation in a lipid membrane directly from enhanced sampling MD simulation using grid-based collective variable. The Yun Luo group reports a currentflow betweenness method for robust protein dynamical network analysis and revealed common changes in protein–protein networks among gain-of-function kinase mutants. Binding free energy calculations are an important objective in computational chemistry and drug design. Benoît is a trailblazer in absolute binding free energy calculations using both the alchemical double decoupling method and potential of mean force method. The David Minh group examines the impact of harmonic restraints on protein heavy atoms and ligand atoms on end-point free energy calculations. The Haibo Yu group uses implicit ligand sampling simulations to identify potential O2 binding site and migration pathways within a photoprotein obelin, which provides the basis for future computational studies of the bioluminescent mechanism. The Christopher Rowley group assesses several semi-empirical and density-functional theory (DFT) methods for their ability to describe the potential energy surface and reaction energies of the covalent modification of a thiol by an electrophile. The first polarizable model of water based on the classical Drude oscillator approach was developed by Guillaume Lamoureux, Alexander MacKerell Jr., and Benoît in 2003. Thanks to the continued efforts of Benoît and Alex, the Drude force field is now becoming the method of choice to account for induced polarization in large-scale biomolecular simulations. Two independent studies aimed at improving ion–π interactions are reported in this issue. The Guillaume Lamoureux group calibrates the Drude force field for complexes of alkali metal ions and ammoniums with aromatic model compounds. The Alexander MacKerell Jr. group systematically optimizes the parameters for anion-π interactions in proteins in the Drude-2013 protein polarizable force field. Lipid membranes serves as a physical barrier, substrate, and a mechanistically responsive environment in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. The Christopher Chipot group calculates the free-energy and fractional-diffusivity profiles underlying membrane translocation and reveals that CO2 expands and loosens the membrane, which facilitates the permeation of the drug-like molecules. The Harel Weinstein group compares the responses of the membrane to the TMEM16 scramblases in flat membranes and nanodiscs. Using highly mobile membrane model and full membrane simulations, the Emad Tajkhorshid group reports the first observation of two distinct PIP3 binding modes on GRP1-PHD, demonstrate that concurrent binding of multiple anionic lipids by GRP1-PHD contributes to its membrane affinity. To understand the mechanism of cholesterol modification of hedgehog ligand, Nilesh Banavali models a cholesterol-bound drosophila Hh precursor and predicts atomic-detail pathways for the full autocatalytic reaction. The Yinglong Miao group DOI: 10.1002/jcc.26140


The inequality of detained suspects in criminal proceedings exists in three aspects:the relationship between the Case-handling organ and the suspects,comparison of the other members of society,unbalance of rights and obligations shaft.Coping with the possible negative influence on the suspects,related rights including lower quartile human rights and restricted rights and derivative rights should be endowed in order to realize the equality.In order to realize this objective,it is Particularly important to establish humanistic legal concept and to set rights consciousness which led by human rights.


The recording head and the intermediate transfer image comprising a voltage application means between the drums forming apparatus can be inactivated in advance in the recording composition in addition to the discharged recording liquid without the active liquid agent for a sufficient cohesive on the drum multivalent active metal ions. When the discharged recording liquid to bridge the temporary head and the drum, by the electrolysis of a recording liquid according to an instantaneously applied voltage generates a proton on the drum, this is a set of activation reactions of the multivalent metal ions in the recording liquid to cause, the active approach to crosslinking between the metal ions and the anionic polymer and increases the viscosity on the drum.


SGLT2 inhibition has beneficial effects on cardiovascular and renal endpoints but the lowest effective dose is unknown. Effects of the SGLT2 inhibitor, empagliflozin (EMPA) were evaluated in nondiabetic, 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6 Nx) rats. Rats were treated for 8 weeks: Sham + normal diet + placebo (PBO); 5/6Nx + 2% high salt diet (HSD) + PBO; 5/6Nx + HSD + EMPA 1.2 mg/kg/day); 5/6Nx + HSD + telmisartan (5 mg/kg/day); 5/6Nx + HSD + linagliptin (3 mg/kg/day). EMPA increased urinary glucose excretion at dosages eight times lower than currently used low doses. 5/6Nx HSD rats treated with EMPA showed significantly (-29.95/-25.00 mmHg, p Disclosure S. Zeng: None. A.A. Hasan: Research Support; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH. D. Delic: None. Y. Xiong: None. C. Chu: None. L. Yin: None. S. Frankenreiter: Employee; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG. Other Relationship; Self; Evotec International GmbH. B. Kramer: Advisory Panel; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH. T. Klein: Employee; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH. B. Hocher: Research Support; Self; Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Funding Boehringer Ingelheim & Eli Lilly and Company Diabetes Alliance


Politics for Profit incorporates several extensive statistical datasets pertaining to business activity in the Russian Federation from 2004 to 2016. The author combines these with information colle...


part of a work in progress on gender, kinship, and social rank in Renaissance drama. Jan Wojcik received his doctorate degree in comparative literature from Yale and has taught at Purdue since 1972. He has written Muted Consent: A Casebook in Modern Medical Ethics (Purdue UP, 1978) and has edited, with Raymond-Jean Frontain, The David Myth in Western Literature (Pur due UP, 1980) and Poetic Prophecy in Western Literature (Fairleigh Dickinson UP, 1984). He has published translations of Schleiermacher's Hermeneutik in New Literary History and Cultural Her meneutics and an essay on the philosophy of fishing in CoEvolution Quarterly. His current research interest is in biblical, classical, and American literature on farming.


A thyristor controlled shunt compensator, which is installed In the middle of the transmission line is adopted for controlling real power flow in a simple power transmission system. By means 0 the Fourier series representation of the thyristo switching action and the system parameters, the thyristor current equations are derived, which transmit the required real power of the simple power transmission system and inform the thyristo firing angle, the thyristor conduction angle, the power flows and the harmonic characteristics EMTP simulations at the various operating points show the dynamic characteristics of the thyristor controlled shunt compensator and correspond to the results calculated with the Fourier series representation,


In this work thermal relaxations of chitosan are reported by using a novel methodology that includes subtraction of the dc conductivity contribution, the exclusion of contact and interfacial polarization effects, and obtaining a condition of minimum moisture content. When all these aspects are taken into account, two relaxations are clearly revealed in the low frequency side of the impedance data. We focus on the molecular motions in neutralized and non-neutralized chitosan analyzed by dielectric spectroscopy in the temperature range from 25 to 250 � C. Low and high frequency relaxations were fitted with the Havriliak and Negami model in the 10 � 1 to 108 Hz frequency range. For the first time, the low frequency a-relaxation associ- ated with the glass-rubber transition has been detected by this technique in both chi- tosan forms for moisture contents in the range 0.05 to 3 wt % (ca. 18-62 � C). A strong plasticizing effect of water on this primary a-relaxation is observed by dielec- tric spectroscopy and is supported by dynamic mechanical analysis measurements. In the absence of water (\0.05 wt %) the a-relaxation is obscured in the 20-70 � C temperature range by a superposition of two low frequency relaxation processes. The activation energy for the r-relaxation is about 80.0-89.0 kJ/mol and for b-relaxation is about 46.0-48.5 kJ/mol and those values are in agreement with that previously reported by other authors. The non-neutralized chitosan possess higher ion mobility than the neutralized one as determined by the frequency location of the r-relaxation.


Objective To investigate the value of transvaginal color doppler combined with tissue harmonic in the diagnosis of secondary degeneration of uterine myoma. Methods The ultrasonogram performance and pathological results of 102 patients with secondary degeneration of uterine myoma diagnosed by transvaginal color doppler combined with tissue harmonic were compared and analyzed. Results Transvaginal color doppler combined with tissue harmonic can confirm the diagnosis of secondary degeneration of uterine myoma. There were scarce or no signals of degenerated myoma and peripheral blood flow, but the signals of un-degenerated myoma were rich. Conclusion Transvaginal color doppler combined with tissue harmonic can improve the diagnosis rate of secondary degeneration of uterine myoma


We develop and solve analytically a general equilibrium model where investors have heterogeneous wealth levels and exhibit uncertainty aversion. The model explains several salient patterns of household investments: (i) a sizeable fraction of households do not participate in the stock market, (ii) richer households are more likely to participate, and (iii) among the households that do participate, wealthier ones invest a larger share of their wealth into risky assets. We also study the relation between the equity premium and market participation as a function of household wealth. For wealth growth that preserves or decreases wealth inequality, the resulting higher participation level is associated with a lower equity premium; whereas a rise in wealth inequality leads to the opposite relationship: lower participation at a lower equity premium.


I. A Mandate for InventionIn his essay Literature and Science (1963), Aldous Huxley issues the modern writer a challenging task: "To speak about the ineffable, to communicate in words what words were never intended to convey." Because the existing lexicon is "wholly inadequate," he urges the writer to look elsewhere: "Every literary artist must therefore invent or borrow some kind of uncommon language capable of expressing, at least partially, those experiences which the vocabulary and syntax of ordinary speech so manifestly fail to convey" (10-11, emphasis mine). Although this direct mandate for invention did not emerge until 1963, the last year of his life, it is evident that Huxley was experimenting with these precepts as early as the 1920s.As T. S. Eliot would quip in 1920, "Immature poets imitate; mature poets steal" (153). A primary target for Huxley's many thefts was scientific discourse. One might well say the impulse was inherited. His grandfather, Thomas Henry Huxley (1825-1895), made significant contributions to nineteenth-century evolutionary theory; his older brother Julian Huxley (1887-1975) would extend this legacy in the twentieth century. Aldous Huxley became a writer, in part, because his scientific and medical training was abbreviated by his failing eyesight, but his interest in scientific inquiry persisted, especially in his clinical regard for words. Throughout his early fiction, he disassembles words with artful precision, tracing their halting and fragile resonance through the clinical guise of speech pathologies. Specifically, he introduces to his short story "Half-holiday" (1925) and novel Point Counter Point (1928) stuttering and aphasia as surprising sources of invention. He engages aphasia, in particular, to experiment with the novelty and sonority of unfamiliar words. To a certain extent, such lexical vulnerabilities as stuttering and aphasia portend cultural decline, an effect that Huxley explored at greater length in the following decade. Though he would become known for scientific dystopia in Brave New World (1932), we see him laying a lexical groundwork for this satire throughout the 1920s. As we will see, though, even as he inflected words with dystopic disorder, he also reimagined them in novel formulations.Disorder gives rise to reorder: words disassembled become, in Huxley's imagination, a pantry of ingredients for augmenting modernity's lexicon. In seeking to rebuild, he turns to scientific discourse. Specifically, taxonomic vocabulary (itself a manifold hodgepodge of roots, prefixes, and suffixes) comprises a generative vehicle for neologism that cultivates proliferating and all-encompassing nuance. Taxonomic growth-and, indeed, the progress of scientific inquiry itself-hinges on the invention of new words. Playfully but also pragmatically, Huxley mimics and scavenges from these structures to enliven and broaden the reach of modern words. In this light, aphasia and taxonomy can be yoked together as the source material for neologism. These seemingly incongruous processes in fact recur in tandem across his early fiction, suggesting that Huxley understood word-making in terms of a continual cycle of mutuality: words must be unmade and remade in the service of novelty.This essay explores Huxley's work in light of the oft-examined affinity between aphasia and the writings of his modernist peers. David Lodge, for example, argues that clinical accounts of aphasia (most notably, instances of "dislocation or distortion") comprise a telling lens with which to examine the difficulty of modern literature. Building on Roman Jakobson's work with linguistic models of selection and combination, Lodge proposes that certain modern writing, such as that of Gertrude Stein and Samuel Beckett, "aspires to the condition of aphasia" (77-79).1 Although some have grappled with speech disorder as modern metaphor, what concerns me are the formal ripples leftin the wake of such disorders-how aphasic language comes to inflect the text in novel ways, and how the very concept of aphasic language models new methods for word-making. …


Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the Moria-M2-90-mikrokeratome applied in LASIK.Methods According to the type of the knife head used in the operation,the cases were divided into 90 type group and 110 type group.The diopter,corneal thickness,ablation depth preoperatively and residual stromal thickness in two groups were collected and compared with t test.Results The preoperative diopter was (-8.51±2.33) D in 90 type group and (-5.52±2.19) D in 110 type group.The corneal thickness was (512.43±22.59) μm in 90 type group and (539.10±27.45) μm in 110 type group.The ablation depth was (103.07±18.27) μm in 90 type group and (80.62±22.99) μm in 110 type group.They were compared with t test and showed statistical difference(P0.05).The residual stromal thickness was (299.36±14.47) μm in 90 type group and (328.48±30.83) μm in 110 type group,and they were both higher than the relative safe value(280 μm).There was no complication correlated to corneal flap during or after operation in two groups.Conclusion For the patients with higher diopter or thinner corneal thickness,application of Moria-M2-90-mikrokeratome in LASIK is an effective and safe procedure.


Mathematical models of batteries which make use of the intercalation of a species into a solid phase need to solve the corresponding mass transfer problem. Because solving this equation can significantly add to the computational cost of a model, various methods have been devised to reduce the computational time. In this paper we focus on a comparison of the formulation, accuracy, and order of the accuracy for two numerical methods of solving the spherical diffusion problem with a constant or non-constant diffusion coefficient: the finite volume method and the control volume method. Both methods provide perfect mass conservation and second order accuracy in mesh spacing, but the control volume method provides the surface concentration directly, has a higher accuracy for a given numbers of mesh points and can also be easily extended to variable mesh spacing. Variable mesh spacing can significantly reduce the number of points that are required to achieve a given degree of accuracy in the surface concentration (which is typically coupled to the other battery equations) by locating more points where the concentration gradients are highest. (C) 2013 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.


We analyze a certain random walk on the cartesian product $G^n$ of a finite group $G$ which is often used for generating random elements from $G$. In particular, we show that the mixing time of the walk is at most $c_r n^2 \log n$ where the constant $c_r$ depends only on the order $r$ of $G$.


Art Integrated learning is an innovative approach of teaching and learning which ensures effective and joyful classroom transaction in order to secure attention of students, to motivate learners, to support active participation of students in classroom process and to enable then to develop their thinking abilities by keeping in mind the individual differences and preferences. Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligence Theory (1983) provided a wonderful way to embody an Arts Integration approach that would foster student's autonomy with a focus on multiple learning styles and abilities. The National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) has also formulated comprehensive guidelines and a framework for the integration of art in pedagogy to create an atmosphere of "experiential and joyful learning" in the classrooms. At this premise this paper makes an attempt to look into the positive aspects of Art Integrated Learning in promoting inclusivity in classroom at elementary level. The thrust areas of this paper are concept and understanding of 'Arts' as pedagogical tool, its impact on the holistic learning and development of every child, importance of Art Integrated Learning in promoting inclusivity in classroom and role of teacher/facilitator in promoting inclusivity in classroom through Art integrated learning approach. Further, this paper also advocates that there is an urgent need to orient teachers towards the implementation of Art Integrated Learning in regular classroom in order to promote inclusive education and to attain certain educational goals.


The construction of the New World Centre project on reclaimed land on the waterfront in Hong Kong required the use of diaphragm walls and tiebacks. Because of the extremely complex geology of this site, a variety of excavation tools and techniques were needed to construct the diaphragm wall and then to install a grout curtain below the portions of the diaphragm wall which were not carried down to sound granite. Tieback installation was made complicated along the waterfront edge of the site where the downward sloping tiebacks were needled through a maze of existing waterfront piling. A second phase of the work required the installation of additional sections of diaphragm wall as substitutions for conventional sheeting.


The aminosugar 4-deoxy-D,L-daunosamine and its derivatives were synthesized starting with 2,4-pentanedione which was converted to the key intermediate oxazolino-α-pyrone (19) by enamine formation with morpholine, oxidation with benzoyl peroxide, condensation with ammonium acetate, bromination with N-bromosuccinimide, nitrile formation, acid hydrolysis, and cyclization with thionyl chloride. Hydrogenation of 19 gave the δ-lactone 22 which was converted to 4-deoxy-D,L-daunosamine derivatives by reducing the lactone ring to the corresponding hemiacetal 26.


Low emittance muon beam lines and muon colliders are potentially a rich source of BSM physics for future experimenters. A muon beam normalized emittance of x,y,z = (280, 280, 1570)μm has been achieved in simulation with short solenoids and a betatron function of 3 cm. Here we use ICOOL and MAD-X to explore using a 400 MeV/c muon beam and strong focusing quadrupoles to achieve a normalized transverse emittance of 100 μm and complete 6D cooling. The low beta regions, as low as 5 mm, produced by the quadrupoles are occupied by dense, low Z absorbers, such as lithium hydride or beryllium, that cool the beam transversely. Equilibrium transverse emittance is linearly proportional to the transverse betatron function. Reverse emittance exchange with septa and/or wedges is then used to decrease transverse emittance from 100 to 25 μm at the expense of longitudinal emittance for a high energy lepton collider. Cooling challenges include chromaticity correction, momentum passband overlap, quadrupole acceptance, and staying in phase with RF.


For the stability of roads drainage of the top construction as well as of the sub-construction by way of drainage pipes allowing infiltration is essential. Initially various forms of water in the soil are treated, such as surface water, leakage water, static water, water between layers, capillary water, condensation and ground water. The permeability of various soil types is described also. Further, the action of various water infiltration drains and embankment filters is investigated. The author has carried out experiments with perforated drainage pipes made from concrete and plastics (as well as full and also partially perforated drainage pipes) in his laboratory and he publishes his results. He refers also to the information sheet for the drainage of roads of the FGST. The fully perforated drainage pipe produces the largest yield (1/sm). Tables and graphs give exact details. /TRRL/


Aiming to comprehensively utilize the medical resources of andrographitis and provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, the literature on the chemical compositions,pharmacological effects, clinical applications and adverse reactions of andrographitis on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are researched.


Adverse reactions to antipsychotics, antidepressants, sedatives and anxiolytics, lithium salts or stimulant drugs are responsible for almost 90,000 emergency department (ED) visits each year by US adults, according to a study in JAMA Psychiatry.


ABSTRACTIntroduction: The objective of a basketball game is to insert the ball into the opponent's basket and keep our basket alone so as not to concede the ball. This becomes important because it determines points to improve the ability and maximize points in the game so this needs to be trained. Free throw shots can be done using one hand or two hands. Whereas a free throw is a shot given to a player for committing an offense. This shot is done in the exact position behind the line of free shots in accordance with the rules. Purpose:This study aims to compare training model 1 (beef concept with push up and jogging) and training model 2 (beef concept with dumble and jogging) to improve the accuracy of free throw shooting.This research was conducted on 40 students of SMP Negeri 1 Kuta Selatan who were chosen in simple random which has fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample was divided into two groups so that each group was 20 people and given different treatment for six weeks. Group 1 was given model 1 training and Group 2 was given a model 2 training. Methods:The data obtained were analyzed by paired t- test to find the difference between before and after training in both groups and t-independent test to find the difference of shooting free throw accuracy between groups both before and after the training. The meaning limit is 0.05. The research design used is experimental design Randomized Pre and Post test Group Design. According to Pocock's (2008) theory, each group consisted of 20 groups of 1 and group 2. All groups were given preliminary tests, between treatment one and two treatment were given concurrent training, then each treatment was observed.Results:The result showed that the accuracy of free throw shooting between groups after training was 3.85 ± 1.09 in group 1 and in group 2 was 2.90 ± 1.12. The average accuracy of free throw shooting in training model 1 was higher than with model 2 training which was statistically significantly different with p = 0,010 (p <0,05).Conclution:From the results of this study it is concluded that the training of model 1 further improves the accuracy of free throw shooting rather than training model 2, Suggestion: in practice it is suggested to use training model 1 to improve the accuracy of free throw shooting.
Keywords: beef concept, push up, jogging, dumble, free throw shooting


Usability evaluations are commonly used as part of a Privacy and Security by Design approach. The main purpose is to identify residual or new privacy and security risks, but the findings can also improve the overall usability of those technologies. A common assumption during such evaluations is about the presence of malicious actors in the environment of the technology. An evaluation in a malicious setting requires a fundamentally different approach than in a benign: The former attempts generalisation over all adversary strategies, while the latter assumes a fixed environment. In recent work [1], we adapted the well-known Cognitive Walkthrough (CW) usability inspection method to support malicious settings. The CW is a usability inspection method with a history of more than 20 years in the HCI community and a staple for many practitioners. It can be applied during any phase of the product design and development process with less time and resource requirements than an empirical user study. But the requirement to fix the environment of a CW can be at odds with attempts to generalise over all adversary strategies. Our extension to the CW method allows the evaluator to model malicious actors during their walkthroughs while keeping the UI, its user, the user's goal, and the context-of-use fixed. Furthermore, using this method we avoided deceiving participants about the specific purpose and objective of our study, which would have been required in an empirical user study. In this talk, we present the Cognitive Walkthrough in Malicious Settings methodology and recommend to consider it as an alternative method to empirical user studies, where feasible.


Error probabilities for various unbalanced DS-CDMA systems are calculated using the standard Gaussian approximation, improved Gaussian approximation and the Fourier series based schemes. A scarcely populated system, a system with a dominant interferer, a system in a fading channel and a multimedia system with a single high processing gain user are considered. It is seen that the standard Gaussian approximation in all of these cases gives inaccurate results, especially when the number of users active in the system is low. The improved Gaussian approximation on the other hand, gives more accurate results for a scarcely populated system and a system with a dominant interferer. For systems in fading channels and multimedia systems, neither of the Gaussian approximations are accurate. For all of these cases, the Fourier series based scheme gives very accurate results without computational complexity.


The monograph contains results of post-Chernobyl studies of the Black Sea in the fields of radioecology and the inseparably linked radiation ecology and radiochemoecology. Main sources of the data used in this monograph were authors' own results of measurements of radionuclide concentrations in water, biota and bottom sediments, as well as estimations of radiation effects on aquatic organisms obtained by the IBSS Department of Radiation and Chemical Biology (DRChB) in the Black Sea basin and in the neighboring areas including reservoirs near the Chernobyl NPP and the Aegean Sea. These data were collected in 1986-2006 during 38 marine cruises and in numerous coastal and land expeditions. The studies of DRChB were carried out in the framework of national and international projects headed by NASc. of Ukraine, IAEA, EU and the International Union of Radioecology. During the work, DRChB has performed standardization and intercomparison of radionuclide measurements organized by IAEA Marine Environment Laboratory (Monaco). These intercomparison exercises have involved radiometric laboratories of all the Black Sea countries, Ukrainian Research Hydrometeorological Institute of the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources (Kyiv), Joint Institute of Nuclear Researches (Dubna, Russia), Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute (USA) and RISO National Laboratory (Denmark). Results of 4300 radionuclide measurements have been included in the DRChB's database using software PARADOX 3.5, and they were integrated into IAEA database on marine radioactivity GLOMARD. The main scientific concept of the monograph consists in discovery of trends and in research of relationships as well as time scales of radioecological response of the Black Sea ecosystem components to Chernoby] radiation disaster. For marine and fresh-water radioecologists, hydroecologists, biogeochemists, oceanologists, experts on wildlife management of the Black Sea-Azov Sea and the Mediterranean areas, for scientific advisers of administrative agencies in seaside territories, and also for the governmental and international organizations on wildlife management which direct or mediately are connected with use of nuclear energy.


Computer-based learning is complete learning, so students must understand the material delivered through computer media. Computer-based learning consists of four types. Namely training and practice models, tutorial models, simulation models, and game models. Of the four types of models, the tutorial model has its own advantages compared to other types of models. Keywords : computer-based learning, tutorial models, types


Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is frequently diagnosed at late stages when curative treatments are no more applicable. Hence, it is essential to explore new strategie sagainst HCC. Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) MAFG divergent transcript (MAFG-DT) was known to act as a modulator in various
 cancers. Nevertheless, the role of MAFG-DT in HCC remains unexplored. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and bioinformatics analyzes were used to explore MAFG-DT level in HCC. In addition, LncBase was used to explore the downstream miRNA of MAFG-DT, and target scan was applied to analyze the targets
 of miR-339-5p. Meanwhile, bioinformatics tool was applied to assess the role of CDC25A and miR-339-5p in HCC. Furthermore, CCK8 and transwell assays were applied to assess the cell viability and migration. MAFG-DT level was elevated in HCC tissues. MAFG-DT level was positively correlated with
 the advanced TNM stage, vascular invasion, histologic grade recurrence and mortality. Kaplan–Meier analysis suggested that MAFG-DT was negatively associated with recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival in HCC. Meanwhile, MAFG-DT was verified to sponge miR-339-5p, and CDC25A
 was the target mRNA of miR-339-5p. MAFG-DT silencing could significantly inhibit the viability of migration of HCC cells through binding to miR-339-5p. MAFG-DT silencing inhibited the development of HCC through miR-339-5p/CDC25A axis. Thus, our study might supply a new target against HCC.


Summary Tillite and other glacial rocks have been found at the base of a sedimentary sequence in the northern part of Tigre Province, Ethiopia. Their glacial origin cannot be doubted, for in addition to beds of tillite containing abundant striated boulders, glaciated bedrock has been found. The rocks are correlatives either of the Upper Carboniferous glacial rocks of southern Africa or of Ordovician glacial rocks recently mapped in the Hoggar District of southern Algeria.


and pro-regenerative immune cells, but dual delivery of these factors enhances the recruitment of pro-regenerative immune cells, including M2 macrophages and tolerogenic dendritic cells, suggesting a synergistic interplay. Moreover, novel computational methods revealed the recruitment of rare immune cell subtypes, particularly from the adaptive immune system, to the site of injury following immunomodulatory hydrogel treatment. These findings suggest a promising method to target pro-regenerative cells from different branches of the immune system, and this treatment has the potential to enhance tissue regeneration and prevent wound healing complications after skin tissue injury.


The recent 2007-2009 weak and long solar minimum offers unique possibilities for gaining new insights into the physics of cosmic-ray transport. This cycle was distinctly different from earlier 'typical' cycles. Galactic and anomalous cosmic rays (GCRs and ACRs), whose solar-cycle variation do typically track each other quite closely (with proper scaling factors) behaved quite differently: GCRs reached record-high level in 2009, while ACR fluxes remained below their maximum 22 years earlier, suggesting that the source spectrum of the accelerated ACRs at the TS was lower. We may anticipate a similarly quiet solar minimum with the important difference, that the Sun has reversed its magnetic polarity. The present work focuses on possible effects on ACR acceleration connected with particle drifts in the large-scale heliospheric magnetic field (HMF). The roles of the pole-to-equator electric potential and the wavy heliospheric current sheets (HCS) are addressed. Drift effects due to the wavy HCS are simulated by employing a 2D axially symmetric 'hoop-model', which keeps computations at a comfortable level, while still captures the robust effects of the 3D wavy HCS. The preliminary results presented here are qualitative and are not yet intended for quantitative agreement with observations.


1,2-Disubstituted alkynes are converted in CCl4 or CHCl3 with dimethyl sulfoxide in the presence of sulfur trioxide into the corresponding (E, Z)-1-chloro-2-methylthio-ethenes. The reaction of 1,2-diphenylethyne with CHBr3, DMSO, and dioxane sulfotrioxide gives (E, Z)-1,2-dimethylthio-1,2-diphenylethene.


One kind antispasmodic, analgesic and method of preparation, the treatment mechanism is based on the SGD, pharmaceutically active substances extracted from glycyrrhetinic acid and glycyrrhiza extract from peony paeoniflorin active substance in each and take effective amount can be pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and / or excipient compositions to a small volume, easy storage, easy to take, toxic side effects, with modern drug SGD and the same efficacy.


Yield variables of mainstem nodes 6 (terminal) and 2 (that of the first trifoliate leaf) of 'Oregon 1604'(Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were evaluated at 2 irrigation regimes × 2 plant populations in a warm (1978) and a moderate (1979) season. A single inflorescence formed at node 6, whereas up to 4 inflorescences were borne on branches at node 2. After emergence, crops were irrigated either when the soil water potential reached −0.06 MPa (high) or −0.25 MPa (low). High and low plant populations were, respectively, 45 vs. 18 plants/m2 in 1978 and 54 vs. 33 plants/m2 in 1979. Yield per unit area was increased significantly from 38–54% by high plant population and 40–120% by high irrigation. On a per plant basis, plant population failed to have a significant effect on total yield or yield variables at node 6. At node 2, however, high plant population reduced the number of inflorescences in 1978 and decreased the number of flowers, number of pods formed and harvested, and percentage set and reduced pod yield by about 50% in both years. Per unit area yields of node 2 at high and low plant population differed by less than 13–18%. Since the productivity of node 6 was not influenced by density, per unit area yields at this node more directly reflected plant population. Nodes 2 and 6 responded similarly to the low irrigation regime, which in 1978 significantly decreased the number of pods formed, percentage set, and pod yield at both nodes. Irrigation effects on individual yield parameters at each node generally were less in the cooler 1979 season. No significant irrigation–plant population interactions occurred for any measured yield variable in either season.


Review(s) of: Fiona Stanley, Sue Richardson and Margot Prior, Children of the Lucky Country?: How Australian Society Has Turned Its Back on Children and Why Children Matter, Macmillan 2005.


Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor drugs are now a mature treatment approach for Alzheimer's disease, although they remain controversial. This review addresses the available data on acetylcholinesterase inhibitor treatment in patients with Alzheimer's disease across multiple outcome types. It addresses rational and evidence-based expectations for treatment in this population.


This paper proposes the switching control method based on the controller performance assessment. The switching mechanism is based on the estimated controller performances of all prepared candidate controllers. The accepted controller must have the best estimated performance of all controllers. Each controller performance is estimated by the gain of the controllers. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed switching PID control scheme is evaluated by the simulation example.


The September 1994 conference was organized by the Mechanisms Committee of the Design Engineering Division, ASME, under the auspices of the Design Technology Conference. The papers in this volume address topics in vibrational robotic systems, elasto-dynamics of mechanisms, design of machine elements


................................................................................. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.... ......................................................................... vi DEDICATION.................................................................................... vii TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................... viii LIST OF TABLES .......................................................................... xiv LIST OF FIGURES ......................................................................... xvi LIST OF APPENDICES ......................................................................... xvii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS............................................ xviii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY.................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background to the Study........................................................... 1 1.1.1 Use of Web 2.0 Technologies in TAL.................................. 4 1.1.2 Web 2.0 Use in Nigerian Universities for TAL Purposes............ 7 1.2 Contextual Setting of the Study................................................... 8 1.3 Statement of the Problem.............................................................. 10 1.3.1 Objectives of the Study................................................... 11 1.3.2 Research Questions........................................................ 12 1.3.3 Research Hypotheses...................................................... 12 1.4 Significance of the Study.......................................................... 13 1.5 Delimitation of the Study.......................................................... 13 1.6 Theoretical Framework.............................................................. 14 1.7 Preliminary Literature Review...................................................... 15


In this chapter the Oer-IJ region is presented as a regional case study to illustrate the combined research and policy for the integration of heritage management and environmental planning


The present invention provides a liquid organomagnesium precursor having formula {Mg(OR')X}.a{MgX2}.b{Mg(OR')2}.c{R'OH}, wherein R' is selected from a hydrocarbon group, X is selected from a halide group, and a:b:c is in range of 0.1-99.8 : 0.1-99.8 : 0.1- 99.8, and a process for preparing the same. The said process comprises contacting a magnesium source with an organohalide and alcohol in a solvent to form the liquid organomagnesium precursor. The present invention also provides a catalyst system using the organomagnesium precursor and its use thereof for polymerization of olefins.


We have investigated the series of Yb pnictides with anti-Th 3 P 4 structure. The valence of Yb varies from about 2 of Yb 4 Bi 3 to 2.25 of Yb 4 As 3 with the decreasing weight of the pnictogen. In the case of Yb 4 As 3 , the 4 f level is located around the band gap and the charge ordering below about 300 K has been observed. Further, in such a situation, we have observed a clear dense Kondo or heavy Fermion behavior in the resistivity, the magnetic susceptibility and the specific heat though the carrier concentration at 4.2 K is only about 0.001/Yb 3+ ion. Yb 4 As 3 is a new heavy Fermion compound which inquires whether the heavy Fermion state needs free carriers.


The Kuoerzhenkuola intermediate intruded subvolcanic complex located in the eastern Sawuershan, the north-western margin of the Zhungaer Basin, Xinjiang, was formed in the Late Palaeozoic Era island arc. The intruding sequence of this complex is: the diorite of the deep-seated phase—the dioritic porphyry of the shallow-seated phase—the pyroxene andesite porphyry of the subvolcanic phase—the pyroxene andesite cryptoexplosion breccia—the albite porphyry, which is basically decided according to the intruding contact relations and the characteristics of the captured bodies from field geology. The original rock is similar to the andesite porphyry of the Sawuershan formation of the Middle Devonian. But a little basaltic magma is interfused during the process transforming from extrusion to extension in collision orogenic anaphase.Thus the petrochemical compositions of the subvolcanic rock are partially basic, the ∑REE grosses declined from 103.77×10~(-6) to 64.10×10~(-6), and the HREE contents comparatively heightened:LREE/HREE value declined from 2.49 to 1.66. The andesite cryptoexplosion breccia pipe of the complex is the volcanic apparatus directly controlling the mineralization and alteration of the gold deposit.


forum that the search is conducted for an optimum balance between the social and economic claims of advantaged and deprived persons" (pp. 283-84), but this process "does not conduce to any particular outcome" (p. 260). One wonders whether this explanation is adequate. Can such a centrally substantive ethical/political issue— and such a potentially difficult problem for Franck's position—be eliminated by a reference to process, no matter how democratic that process may be? One is left with the impression that, for Franck, an identity element's claim to legitimacy is simply left to fate; legitimate identities simply emerge.


There had high traffic accidents rate in China. The accident rate was on an upward trend every year. The cause of the accidents frequently occur, including the driver's driving level, the safety performance of the car and the design of the road landscape scale. Therefore, in order to reduce the accident rate, this paper presented the research of road landscape scale design based on neural network algorithm to reduce the accident rate. The scale of the landscape was designed by neural network algorithm, and then transforming variables, size and other design elements were processed. The paper had selected the road as a pilot at random, with the most humane scale design as the standard for regional design investment. Through comparing the monitoring of pilot locations, we found that the rate of traffic accidents had been effectively reduced.


Brent Watanabe has hung a system of cables and wires in a cat's cradle that spans his studio. Suspended in the web, inside a plastic bag, something cat-sized is writhing—a creature fashioned from trash and tape, animated by a toy-car motor and programmed to interact with a whole system of other ersatz creatures. Holographic birds lunge on tethers, projected onto a wall. These are animals with longings and frustrations, without nature. // "It's definitely not activist work," Watanabe says. "It's just, if I get upset about factory farming, it's not about the millions of chickens—it's every single individual one. For me, it's the specifics that make something wonderful. The problem with simplistic activist stuff is that it's so broad. Once you get the über-message—Don't kill our planet!—there's nowhere to go. When you're making art, you want the idea to tickle your brain, to stay in there." // Watanabe's work is narrative, but he eschews a typical arc. One action follows the next (a cat writhes in a bag, which causes a chained bird to take flight from a dumpster). // "Maybe that is activist work," he says. "Rather than trying to lead you through a narrative or illustrate a point, I want you to feel that point. Some of the most extreme cases of activism—like a monk lighting himself on fire—don't explain the issue. You have a visceral reaction to it, and that's more moving than having things explained." // Watanabe closes his laptop, and the writhing cat goes still. "I mean, I'm not going to light myself on fire or bang my head against the wall," he laughs. But his creatures might. In one recent installation, he built a mechanical dog out of an electric scooter and chained it to the wall. Due to a glitch in the programming, it lunged and lunged until it burned itself out. It had to be put down before it set the building on fire.


In order to discuss control effect and operation technology of 5% Spinosad·Emamectin benzoate OF against rice leaf roller,3 different concerntration treaments of 300 mL/hm2,450 mL/hm2 and 600 mL/hm2 were used to study control effect on rice leaf roller.The result showed that 5% Spinosad·Emamectin benzoate OF had better control effect,control effect of 600 mL/hm2 were 82.76% and 84.61% respectively in 2011 and 2012.


Penetration depth (PD) is a distance metric that is used to describe the extent of overlap between two intersecting objects. Most of the prior work in PD computation has been restricted to translational PD, which is defined as the minimal translational motion that one of the overlapping objects must undergo in order to make the two objects disjoint. In this paper, we extend the notion of PD to take into account both translational and rotational motion to separate the intersecting objects, namely generalized PD. When an object undergoes rigid transformation, some point on the object traces the longest trajectory. The generalized PD between two overlapping objects is defined as the minimum of the longest trajectories of one object under all possible rigid transformations to separate the overlapping objects.We present three new results to compute generalized PD between polyhedral models. First, we show that for two overlapping convex polytopes, the generalized PD is same as the translational PD. Second, when the complement of one of the objects is convex, we pose the generalized PD computation as a variant of the convex containment problem and compute an upper bound using optimization techniques. Finally, when both the objects are non-convex, we treat them as a combination of the above two cases, and present an algorithm that computes a lower and an upper bound on generalized PD. We highlight the performance of our algorithms on different models that undergo rigid motion in the 6-dimensional configuration space. Moreover, we utilize our algorithm for complete motion planning of polygonal robots undergoing translational and rotational motion in a plane. In particular, we use generalized PD computation for checking path non-existence.


Disclosed is a dust removing mechanism of an indoor unit of an air conditioner, which is characterized in that the indoor unit of the air conditioner is provided with a sliding brush component which can slide left and right and sweep away the dust on a filter screen by a transmission mechanism on the surface of the filter screen; correspondingly, the side of the indoor unit of the air conditioner is provided with a rolling brush component which is matched with the sliding brush component; meanwhile, the side of the indoor unit of the air conditioner is provided with a dust chamber which is used for collecting dust; moreover, the side opening of the dust chamber is communicated with a fan room at the side of the indoor unit of the air conditioner; the fan room is provided with an air outlet, and the fan room can automatically clean the dust on the filter screen, can automatically exhaust the dust outdoors with good dust removing effect, and also can perform indoor and outdoor fresh air exchange; the structure is rational and practical and the use is convenient.


ABSTRACT In this paper, we present an account of the nature of relational security and the need for robust, comprehensive and consistent implementation within secure and forensic mental health settings in England and Wales. Within this, we review and critique the See Think Act framework of relational security and consider how it may be further developed. We conclude by making a series of evidence-based recommendations for improving the quality of relational security as it is deployed within secure and forensic mental health settings.


Solar energy concentrator consists of a reflective membrane cone and a stepped parabolic column located along the optical axis of the cone. The membrane cone can be folded for packaging and is supported by an expandable ring at the rim of the cone when erected. The stepped parabolic column can be telescoped for packaging.


Expected well costs can be a major factor in whether companies obtain financing due to expense and moderate success rates of drilling. Well permitting records are reported by state agencies, and well production from individual wells within producing areas are reported monthly (in NV) so that one can determine, in retrospect, which of the permitted wells actually led to geothermal production and power generation. A companion paper (Shevenell, 2012, this volume) compiles and evaluates geothermal well records submitted to the Nevada Division of Minerals, and estimates the success rates of geothermal wells drilled in Nevada since the early stages of exploration in the 1970s and 1980s, through construction of the power plants currently in existence in northern Nevada. This paper uses that information to estimate the minimum expected costs associated with drilled wells and production per MW, assuming well depths are a dominant factor in determining costs. Because depths are not the only factor determining power plant costs, costs noted here are likely minima. Introduction This paper uses well records compiled by the Nevada Division of Minerals to estimate the range of drilling costs for Nevada geothermal wells. The well depth data are available from the early stages of exploration in the 1970s and 1980s, through construction of the power plants and are used to calculate total and average well depths and associated minimum costs by producing area. It is common to hear comments related to the "success rate" of geothermal The Estimated Costs as a Function of Depth of Geothermal Development Wells Drilled in Nevada


Materials and Methods This in vitro study was performed on 30 dental casts. The samples were divided into one control group and two experimental groups to be disinfected with Surfosept (1%) and Deconex® 53 (2%) using a sequential sampling method (10 per group). The impressions in the experimental groups (i.e., Surfosept and Deconex® 53) were rinsed and dried; then, the disinfectant was sprayed on the impressions and remained for 30 seconds before pouring with stone. In the control group, the impressions were only rinsed and dried and were poured in 10 minutes. Cast dimensions were measured by a profile projector device, and the mean values obtained from the experimental groups were compared with those of the control group. Results There were no significant differences among the groups regarding the height of the resulting dies without undercut (P=0.62). Moreover, there was no significant difference among the groups regarding the distance between the two dies (P=0.77). However, the diameter of the dies with undercut and without undercut was different significantly among the control and experimental groups (P < 0.005). Conclusion In general, no significant difference was encountered between dimensional stability and accuracy of the dental impressions using Surfosept and Deconex® 53 in this study.


Discusses the pizza deliverers' role as intervention agents for a community safety belt campaign sponsored by their stores. Evaluation on the behavior change of the intervention agents; Profiles of the intervention agents; Procedures in data collection and behavioral observations; Total number of vehicular observations administered.


Abstract The Conference Hall in Aix-en-Provence, France was the venue for the Corrosion Certification conference, the 253rd event of the European Federation of Corrosion (EFC). The meeting took place on 4-5 June 2002 and was organised by Cefracor, as Dr STUART LYON reports.


The work carried out by many sedimentologists especially in the last three decades or so shows that, by and large, Talchir strata include glacial, glaciofluvial, glaciolacustrine and glaciomarine sediments (Blanford et al., 1856; Fox, 1931; Rao, 1957; Ganju and Srivastava, 1959; Niyogi, 1961, 1964; Smith, 1963; Ghosh and Mitra, 1967a, 1967b, 1970, 1975; Ahmad, 1975a, 1975b, 1975d; Frakes et al., 1975; Casshyap, 1977; Sen,1977; sen and Hatim, 1977; Das and Sen, 1980; Cdsshyap and Srivastava, 1985; Ramanamurthy, 1985, etc.). Whereas, Crowell (1957), Newell (1957), Jones (1960), Dott (1961) Schermerhorn and Stanton (1963), Winterer (1964) and Banerjee (1966), endeavoured to establish the striking similarities between Talchir 'tillites' and some other such alleged Pre-Quaternary 'tillites' and likewise sediments deposited by var"ious modes of mass movement (subaerial, subaqueous mass flow) and also by high density turbidity currents. The integrated evidence established from lithologic, granulometric, clast morphometric, petrographic and heavy minerals attributes of Talchir sediments and sedimentary structures, tillite fabric and characteristic glacial topographic features, have been used to decipher a probable model of the depositional environment particularly related with the tillites following Carey and Ahmad


In a double-blind, crossover study in 100 elderly hypertensive patients, the hypotensive effect of a fixed combination of atenolol (50 mg) with chlorthalidone (12.5 mg) was compared with that of each of its component drugs given alone. Patients were allocated at random into two groups: one group received treatment for 4 weeks with either the combination or atenolol alone before being crossed over to the alternative medication for a further 4 weeks; the other group received either the combination or chlorthalidone alone and followed the same treatment pattern. Dosage was a single tablet per day given in the morning. Blood pressure and pulse rate were measured approximately 24 hours after dosing at the end of each treatment period. The results showed that significantly lower blood pressures were achieved, both in the standing and lying positions, with the combination than with either atenolol or chlorthalidone used alone. Combination treatment was well tolerated, few side-effects being reported and there was no significant disturbance of plasma electrolytes.


The importance of strengthening the administration ability of rural Party organization is explained. Proposes some countermeasures to solve the contradiction situation between rural party branch and villagers' committee, raise the administration ability of rural Party organization, those are: defining the task and duty of the rural party branch and villagers' committee further, dispelling the origin of the contradiction; setting up the system of joint conference, strengthening democratic supervision; strengthening the construction of Party branch, improving the ability of administration; strengthening the guidance of the work of rural Party branch and villagers' committee, dissolving the contradiction.


We developed 10 microsatellite loci from genomic DNA of a dioecious clonal plant, Dioscorea japonica. Out of 384 clones, 148 contained microsatellite repeats. Polymerase chain reaction primer pairs were designed for 95 of these clones from their sequence data, of which, 10 pairs produced successful amplification. Thirty-eight individuals were genotyped for allelic diversity. We detected three to nine alleles per locus, and the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.461 to 0.851.


The reduced width amplitude distributions for a system not invariant under time reversal (unitary ensemble) are derived. The form of the joint distribution function is compared with that of the orthogonal ensemble. The calculation of the reduced width channel‐channel correlation coefficient shows that only a positive width correlation is possible.


This paper presents the implementation details of an easily affordable monitoring system for business or personal use. This system detects any intrusion and immediately intimates the owner of the setup about the same. The owner will be able to view the video of the happenings using smart phones from a remote location. The live video can also be viewed from a PC. This application allows the user to track the activities happening at a particular location.


The objective of the paper is to set parameters for the application of wadi'ah concept in family takaful which is the alternative of guaranteed benefits (non-participating benefits) of life insurance for family takaful. The paper uses analytical and evaluative approach to set parameters to ensure Shari'ah compliancy of the product and therefore, classical and modern Islamic jurisprudence literatures has been reviewed. The wadi'ahbased family takaful product allows various forms of guaranteed benefits (non-participating benefits) to be offered to participants in a manner similar to their conventional counterparts. However, there are some guidelines that should be followed. Every contract should be executed separately to avoid Shari'ah prohibition. Different types of funds need to be separated as well. Takaful Operators (TOs) can provide guaranteed cash surrender benefits only from the Participants' Wadi'ah Fund (PWF). Finally, Takaful Operators (TOs) should be transparent in the dripping process and charges. Takaful Operators (TOs) should be transparent in taking charges for managing wadi'ah funds, sharing investment profit ratio under mudarabah contract and sharing surplus from the tabarru' fund. The study would serve the needs of the takaful industry, particularly family takaful, in order for them to avoid Shari'ah compliance risk.


Objective: Iatrogenic thermal injury can result from the use of lighted retractors during breast surgery due to the generation of heat at the connection between the optical cable and the lighted retractor. This study aims to determine whether a smaller calibre optical cable generates less heat at its connection with a Teb-betts lighted retractor.
Methods: We measured the heat generated at the connection between an optical cable and a Tebbetts lighted retractor for a 3.0 mm optical cable and a 5.5 mm optical cable.
Results: Both optical cables showed temperature rises. The 3.0 mm optical cable reached a peak temper-ature of 33.29 °C after 44 minutes and 47 seconds. The 5.5 mm optical cable reached a peak temperature of 49.23 °C after 53 minutes and 19 seconds. Light intensity was similar between the two cable types.
Conclusion: A 3.0 mm optical cable generates less heat than a 5.5 mm cable at the connection between the cable and the retractor. We recommend using the smaller calibre optical cable to reduce the risk of thermal injury to patients from the use of Tebbetts lighted retractors during breast surgery.


Objective To investigate the value of 11 ~ 13+ 6gestational weeks screening for fetal malformation by transabdominal ultrasound. Methods Totally,2187 pregnant women( 2200 fetuses) with 11 ~ 13+ 6gestational weeks were checked by transabdominal or transvaginal ultrasound. The outcome of fetuses were followed up by the second trimester ultrasound examination and pathological examination after induced labor or after birth confirmation. Results 14 prenatal abnormalities were detected,including 4 case with cervical cystic hygroma,2 cases with cardiac abnormalities( 1 cases with single ventricle,and left,right heart rate disorders with severe three tricuspid regurgitation in 1 case),2 cases with exencephaly,1 case with encephalocele and meningoceles,1 case with alobar holoprosencephaly,1 case with large bladder,1 case with omphalocele,2 cases of clubfoot( 1 fetus was misdiagnosed,and the second trimester ultrasound examination showed normal). Conclusion Screening by transabdominal ultrasound may detect serious fetal anatomy malformations,and early termination of pregnancy can greatly reduce the physical and mental harm that may bring to the pregnant women.


Siikhbaatar. That he arrived rather late on the scene and proved to be less important than others in the early years of the party can no longer be disputed. There are the usual difficulties with transcription systems that one has come to expect in works that make the awkward leap across the gap between classical and modern (Cyrillic) Mongolian. Many names in the modern forms are clumsy and often nearly unrecognizable: Siikhbaatar for Sukhe Bator; Bavuujav for Babujab, and so on. The question arises, however, as to why, having made the transition, the author retains a few of the old spellings, such as Jebtsundamba Khutukhtu rather than the modern Zhavsandamba Xutagtu. Major failings are the lack of an index, which would have made this work far more useful, and the lack of a table of abbreviations. One looks in vain for the meaning of ibzi and only with effort finds that Bnmaut has a complete spelling in the bibliography. These criticisms aside, this is a fine work, well worth the money.


All three of the books under review—Science and Social Science by Malcolm Williams,Rethinking Science by Jan Faye, and Open the Social Sciences by the members of the Gulbenkian Commission on the Restructuring of the Social Sciences (Immanuel Wallerstein, chair)—argue for a broadly naturalist approach in which the social sciences are seen as of a piece with the natural sciences. Fortunately, all three do so in a discriminating way that avoids simple options and that appreciates the important ways the social-scientific disciplines require their own approach. Open the Social Sciences in particular also contains detailed and wise advice as to how the contemporary social sciences should proceed if they want to fulfill their ambition to explain human social behavior in a scientific way.


Significant bleeding from small bowel malignant lesions is a rare but challenging condition to manage endoscopically. Hemospray (TC-325; Cook Medical, Winston-Salem, USA) has increasingly been reported to be effective in upper gastrointestinal lesions including malignancy.1 ,2 However, to date, no cases of its use in the small bowel have been reported. We describe its use in a transfusion-dependent small bowel malignant lesion (video 1).

A 73-year-old woman, who had 6 months previously had a wedge resection of a gastric …


From the perspective of Neo-Victorian studies, it can be claimed that the character of the Woman in Black in Susan Hill's eponymous novel, published in 1983, is based on Victorian portrayals of the myth of "the fallen woman." These Victorian representations often highlight mythemes pertaining to Gothic archetypes, such as the ghost, the vampire, the madwoman and the witch, giving evidence of the association between "the fallen woman" and Kristeva's notion of the abject, which involves the feeling of subjective horror upon the blurring of what is self and what is other. Hill's reinterpretation of the myth of "the fallen woman" recaptures Gothic mythemes pervading Victorian representations, but, in contrast with most of these Victorian portrayals, the Woman in Black arises as an actual Gothic archetype insofar as she is a female ghost who is brought back to life to vindicate herself and perpetuate her haunting existence. This article aims at analyzing the intertextuality existing between Hill's portrayal of the Woman in Black and Victorian representations of "the fallen woman" which resort to Gothic mythemes, with the purpose of identifying Hill's own contribution to reinterpret and update this Victorian myth.


Summary: Safflower oil emulsion (Liposyn® 10%) was infused intravenously to supplement energy intake in five low‐birth‐weight infants. Respiratory gas exchange was measured before and after the addition of fat emulsion in doses of 1‐2 g of fat/kg/day to an intravenous feeding regimen of dextrose and amino acids. The oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production rates were greater during fat infusion in all infants, but the mean respiratory quotient was not different. The increase in energy intake provided by the fat emulsion exceeded the increase in energy expenditure, allowing more energy to be stored for growth.


Using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in critical care setting is evolving. Unfractionated heparin is the most commonly used anticoagulant and a well-designed protocol is needed. However, there is no consensus from any organization regarding standard protocol. We developed UFH protocol taking into consideration best available evidence and anecdotal ECMO data. This study aims to assess ability of current protocol to achieve anti-Xa assay therapeutic target.

 Prospective cohort, single-arm study conducted in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Intensive Care Unit. Twenty patients were required. Anti-Xa assay therapeutic range is 0.1–0.3 U/mL for bleeding and 0.3–0.7 U/mL for non-bleeding patients. The protocol was developed after comprehensive literature review and continuous strict review process by a multidisciplinary ECMO team. It identifies initial UFH infusion dosing and subsequent adjustment, frequency of monitoring Anti-Xa assay, and other laboratory parameters. To ensure protocol adherence, teaching sessions were provided. Finally, we explored survival to discharge rate. The study was approved by the Office of Research Affairs with verbal consent.

 Twenty patients were included, half of them were female. Mean age of 35 months ± SD 52.5 and mean weight of 5.7 kg ± SD 3.8–14.1. Mean estimated glomerular filtration rate using schwartz equation was 80 mL/min/1.73 m2 ± SD 34.7. Main indications of ECMO use were failure to wean after surgery (45%). Median ECMO duration was 6 days+ (IQR: 4.5–7.5). Baseline Anti-Xa assay before cannulation was 0.1 IU/mL. Another important baseline laboratory value was antithrombin III, the mean was 21.1 ± SD 14.3. Selection of bleeding protocol is based on a set of criteria in the bleeding section (Appendix 1). Pre-canulation heparin bolus of 50–100 units/kg was given if ACT is <300 seconds for 11 patients (55%). Holding unfractionated heparin was required in 8 patients (40). Median time UFH was on-hold 13.5 hours (IQR: 10.5–27.5).
 Achieving Anti-Xa assay therapeutic target thorough out study period was reported in 70% of patients. Median time to achieve target was 41 hours (IQR: 0–91.5) and maintained for 8 hours (IQR: 0–22). Hemorrhagic complications were reported in 8 patients (40%) while thrombotic complications in 5 patients (25%). Both peripheral cannulation site bleeding and gastrointestinal bleeding occurred in 5%. Surgical exploration was needed in 6 patients (30%). Median time to first replacement was 80.5 hours (IQR: 19.5–228.5). Median hospital length of stay was 37 + IQR: 43–22 with survival rate at discharge of 75%.

 Implemented UFH protocol in pediatric ECMO failed to achieve target in early hours after cannulation. However, the majority of those critically ill patients achieved Anti-Xa assay target and maintained it after the third day until day ten. Thromboembolic, hemorrhagic complications, and survival rates were consistent with the reported data

 Type of funding sources: None.


The invention relates to a salient-pole rotor, comprising at least two pole shafts (1) pointing radially outward and, for each pole shaft, an electrical winding (2) surrounding the particular pole shaft (1) and a pole shoe (3), wherein the particular pole shoe (3) is radially outside on the particular pole shaft (1). The invention further relates to an electric machine having such a salient-pole rotor. In order to provide a salient-pole rotor that is easier to produce and to maintain, the particular pole shoe (3) according to the invention is wider in the circumferential direction than the particular pole shaft (1) and is arranged radially outside on the particular winding (2), wherein the particular pole shoe (3) has a ridge (4) that points radially inward and is tapered radially inward, wherein the particular pole shaft (1) has a groove (5) on the radial outside surface thereof, which groove is tapered radially inward and fits with the particular ridge (4), wherein the particular pole shoe (3) and the particular pole shaft (1) are mechanically releasably connected.


Full-size silicon nitride gas-turbine vanes coated with an environmental barrier coating (EBC) were evaluated in an exploratory way by two nondestructive methods: polarized elastic optical scattering and infrared thermal imaging. Initial test results indicate that the laser scatter data correlate with EBC thickness. A description of the methods and results of recent tests are presented.


The paper estimates the probability of living until the age of a grandparent and a great-grandparent in different cohorts of Estonian population. The objects of comparison are men and women born in 1939, 1959, 1989 and nowadays (2016). It turned out that (assuming the stability of demographic behaviour) people born in 1989 have the highest probability to see the grandchildren and also great-grandchildren. In the case of people born in 21st century, the probability is going down in spite of increasing life expectancy. The reason for this feature is massive postponing of family creation.


To be able to deduce water holdup from the mixture conductivity measured by conductance sensors in water continuous oil–gas–water three-phase flow, the water conductivity must be known in advance. As water conductivity depends on water salinity and temperature, variation in water salinity or temperature changes the water conductivity, which seriously affects water holdup measurement. In this study, we propose a novel online technique to detect the conductivity of water in vertical upward oil–gas–water flows in 20 mm inner diameter pipe via the conductance method. A water conductivity sensor (WCS) is designed and the geometry of the electrodes in its water trapping cavity is optimized using finite element methodology. After this, the relationship between sensor response and water conductivity is investigated. WCS performance is experimentally evaluated and the results show that the WCS can effectively detect the water conductivity in a three-phase mixture online. By correcting the water conductivity in the expression for the normalized conductivity of a rotating electric field conductance sensor, water salinity and temperature independent water holdup measurement can be realized. Based on the relationship between the calculated water holdup and water cut, the superficial velocity of water is accurately predicted despite differences in water conductivity.


Two sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] genotypes (TU-82-155 and NCC58) were grown hydroponically and subjected to a temporary loss of lighting in the form of 14 days of prolonged darkness compared with a lighted control under standard daily light periods to determine the impact on growth responses and storage root yield. Vine cuttings of both genotypes were grown in rectangular channels. At 65 days after planting, lights were turned off in the treatment chambers and replaced by a single incandescent lamp, providing between 7 and 10 mmol·m·s photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) for 18 hours, and the temperature lowered from 28/22 8C light/dark, to a constant 20 8C. Plants remained under these conditions for 14 days after which the original light level was restored. Growth chamber conditions predark included, a PPFmean provided by 400-W metal halide lamps, of 600 ± 25 mmol·m·s, an 18-hour light/6-hour dark cycle and a relative humidity of 70% ± 5%. The nutrient solution used was a modified halfHoagland with pH and electrical conductivity (EC) maintained between 5.5–6.0 and 1000–1200 mS·cm, respectively, and was adjusted weekly. Storage root number and fresh weight were similar regardless of treatments. Plants exposed to prolonged darkness produced 10.5%and 25% lower fibrous root fresh and drymass, respectively, but similar foliage yield and harvest index (HI). 'NCC-58' produced an average of 31% greater storage root yield than that of 'TU-82-155' but the number of storage roots as well as % dry matter (%DM) were similar. 'NCC-58' also produced 31% greater fibrous root dry weight, whereas 'TU-82-155' produced a 44% greater HI. The significant interaction between prolonged darkness and cultivars for%DMof the storage roots showed that DM for 'TU-82-155' was 18.4% under prolonged darkness and 17.9% in the light. That for 'NCC-58' was 16.4% under prolonged darkness compared with 19.4% (14.8% greater) for plants that were not subjected to prolonged darkness. The evidence that there were no adverse impacts on storage root yield following the exposure to prolonged darkness suggests that the detrimental effects were below the detectable limits for these cultivars in response to the short perturbation in the available light and that sweetpotatoes would be hardy under short-term failure situations. Recently, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) laid out its vision for manned missions to Mars in 2030. To achieve this goal, NASA must establish reliable infrastructure including life support and a palatable source of fresh food (NASA 2015). Hydroponically grown sweetpotatoes are potentially a reliable food source for humans on extended space missions. NASA's experience with continuous crop production in closed environments indicates that biological systems can be highly reliable, although failures of mechanical support systems regularly occur. Maintaining adequate food production will be the critical issue following a failure in a bioregenerative life support system since staple crops require in excess of 2 to 3 months to produce edible biomass (Hanford and Ewert, 2001). Perhaps, the most common type of failure is a temporary loss of electrical power and a partial power supply failure might result in low light but not complete darkness. Failures of the power supply system would likely be more common in remote locations such as onMars, the Moon, or even Antarctica. When failure occurs there will be a time lapse before repairs are affected, which, depending on length of the time lapse, may impact plant responses. There is little data on the decreased performance and the tolerance limits of crop plants exposed to the unique perturbations that occur in closed, controlled environments. Failures are characterized by short-term, acute stress. Cumulative experience in controlled environments indicates that plants are surprisingly resilient to some types of control system failures, but sensitive to other failures, particularly during the reproductive stage of their life cycle (Dougher et al., 2000). Healthy crops produce a predictable, steady supply of oxygen and water. Interruption in crop metabolism alters these outputs and requires changes in the use of stored reserves. Plants are well adapted to short periods of darkness because they have an 8to 14-h dark period every night during the growing season. However, plants adapt to their photoperiod and the carbohydrate reserves are typically depleted near the end of the dark period. Thus, with an extended dark period, the respiration rate typically declines from lack of carbohydrates from active photosynthesis. Challa (1976) reported that at the end of the normal dark period, cucumber plants in continuous darkness metabolized structural compounds. Breeze and Elston (1978) reported that as little as a 6-h extension of the dark period caused significant reductions (compared with control plants) in photosynthesis when field bean plants were returned to the light, whereas Yentsch and Reichert (1963) found no signs of adaptation of photosynthesis in algae (Dunaliella euchlora) to lower light intensities after 40 h of dark exposure. Jones and Nelson (1979) found that root respiration of contrasting tall fescue genotypes decreased significantly after a 48-h dark period but that respiration of shoot meristems continued for the full 48 h and Costa et al. (1998) found that respiration rates of leaves of broad beans (Vicia faba) decreased steadily during 48 h of darkness. Robson and Parsons (1981) found that meristematic activity in uniculm barley continued forming new structural mass even during up to 50 h of darkness. These studies indicate that cell division continued in the absence of carbohydrate supply in at least some plants. Dougher et al. (2000) used canopy gas exchange to evaluate response and recovery of plant canopies of lettuce, spinach, radish, and tomatoes subjected to darkness of up to 14 d. They reported that canopy respiration was reduced to a minimum within 24 to 48 h of dark treatment. Plants that were subjected to a cold treatment during the dark periods Received for publication 20 Jan. 2016. Accepted for publication 11 July 2016. Contribution of the George Washington Carver Agricultural Experiment Station, Tuskegee University. This research was supported by funds from the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (grant no. NCC-9-51 and USDA/CSREES grant no. ALX-SP-1). Corresponding author. E-mail: mortleyd@mytu. tuskegee.edu. HORTSCIENCE VOL. 51(12) DECEMBER 2016 1479 CROP PRODUCTION


This paper presents an effective signal processing scheme of hand gesture recognition with a superior accuracy rate of judging identical and dissimilar hand gestures. This scheme is implemented with the air sonar possessing a pair of cost-effective ultrasonic emitter and receiver along with signal processing circuitry. Through the circuitry, the Doppler signals of hand gestures are obtained and processed with the developed algorithm for recognition. Four different hand gestures of push motion, wrist motion from flexion to extension, pinch out, and hand rotation are investigated. To judge the starting time of hand gesture occurrence, the technique based on continuous short-period analysis is proposed. It could identify the starting time of the hand gesture with small-scale motion and avoid faulty judgment while no hand in front of the sonar. Fusing the short-time Fourier transform spectrogram of hand gesture to the image processing techniques of corner feature detection, feature descriptors, and Hamming-distance matching are the first-time, to our knowledge, employed to recognize hand gestures. The results show that the number of matching points is an effective parameter for classifying hand gestures. Based on the experimental data, the proposed scheme could achieve an accuracy rate of 99.8% for the hand gesture recognition.


In these days cloud computing is a most popular and widespread technology of the world. Cloud computing provides the services which reduce the cost of infrastructure, hardware and storage. Those services are infrastructure as a service (IaaS), software as a service (SaaS), platform as a service (PaaS) and data storage as a service (DaaS). Which users are using data storage as a service is facing the problem of data location. Users are hesitating to share their sensitive data on cloud. Reason of this, is data location. User is not knows that where is data storing and who is accessing that data. The techniques of storing data on cloud are data location, multi-location data, in border data etc. Which one is best technique for storing data on cloud for user among them? It will help to make trust of user or client to store the data on cloud. Keywords-Data location, Data relocation, Data recovery, Data multi-location, Sensitive and Non- sensitive.


The article the nature and types of a political regime, its role in the implementation of political influence. Contradictions in interpretation of political regimes are considered. In particular, it is shown that a political regime and a democratic regime are two different social regimes. Features and types of democratic political regimes are revealed.


An account is given of the available results of behavior therapy in the treatment of sexual disorders. To date attempts have been made to treat impotence, frigidity, voyeurism, exhibitionism, transvestism, fetishism and homosexuality. The results suggest that the methods of behavior therapy can be applied with success in treating sexual disorders. Some additional suggestions are made.


A field trial was conducted to establish an economic and environment-conservative rice culture. The yields of the direct-sowed paddy rice cultivated using Chinese milk vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.) as green manure and conventionally transplanted paddy rice cultivated using Chinese milk vetch or azolla (Azolla imbricata (Roxb.) Nakai) were compared with those cultivated using chemical fertilizers. The length of the period from plowing of Chinese milk vetch under the soil to the beginning of irrigation and puddling did not affect any yielding characters in either culture. The yield in the plot with Chinese milk vetch was about 30% lower than that in the plot with chemical fertilizers in the direct-sowed rice and about 10% lower in the conventionally transplanted rice. In this study, azolla did not increase rice yield, and further studies are needed to determine the effective method for application of azolla onto the rice field.


In medical imaging environment, the wireless local device is used, such as probes and local coil. Since there are cases where the environment variable is changed, the signal from the main imaging machine is transmitted and received from different positions around the imaging set. To determine which position or best for reception of the plurality of positions, the main machine antenna system 26 transmits a training request packet from various locations. Radio transceiver 24 disposed local probe device 22 responds to the training request packets received. By evaluating the response, the imaging device may be any antenna positions to determine optimal. Sleep mode and double-check mechanism, power consumption, are included to improve the performance and communication reliability.


The ethical concern, which is the focus of this article, is whether a technologically self-controlled individual may experience a sense of autonomy while being fully under the influence of predictive and advisory functionalities. The potential threat to her or his autonomy is that implanted individuals have no control over the predictions and advice produced by these devices while choosing to act in accordance with these predictions and advice. Consequently, the threat to autonomy is not external but rather internal to the individual. (6)


In this paper we have designed a 16 bit carry skip adder (CSKA) which has higher speed and energy efficient compared to the conventional carry skip adder (CSKA).The performance and efficiency of conventional carry skip adder structure is improved by employing increment and concatenation scheme. In the existing system the multiplier is used which consumes more power. Instead of using this structure that consists of AND-OR-INVERTER (AOI) and OR-AND-INVERTER (OAI) is used for skip logic. Further development in energy and speed can be achieved by the structures with both variable and fixed stage size. The speed enhancement is achieved by applying concatenation and incrementation schemes to improve the efficiency of the conventional CSKA (Conv-CSKA) structure. In addition, instead of utilizing multiplexer logic, the proposed structure makes use of AND-OR-Invert (AOI) and OR-AND-Invert (OAI) compound gates for the skip logic. The structure may be realized with both fixed stage size and variable stage size styles, wherein the latter further improves the speed and energy parameters of the adder. To achieve this we are using Xilinx ISE and Modelsim simulator. The proposed structures are assessed by comparing their Device utilization summary and power. By this project we can able to compare the adders performance and results.


This article analyses the specific features of the slave trade to the Amazon region (State of Maranhao) in the seventeenth and beginning of the eighteenth centuries. In order to understand the organization and establishment of slave trade routes to the State of Maranhao, it stresses the role played by three key elements: the epidemics of smallpox, the delicate financial situation of the royal Treasury and the extensive use of Indian labour force in the region.


This paper identified various factors relating to quality higher education both at public and private universities in Bangladesh. A search for different windows of opportunities to meet the increasing demand was accomplished. The study includes empirical observation of quality attributes and explanation based on those factors needed for ensuring quality higher education. The study is explanatory-descriptive as well as evaluation in nature. It emphasizes on qualitative one with some quantitative interpretation of data and information. It also used methodological triangulation including participant observation, case study, and survey through interview with the help of structured questionnaire having both open and close-ended questions. Population and sample included officials and students of selected universities; from whom respondents were selected purposively. Secondary data sources comprised relevant documents and publications of government agencies, different NGOs, archive, library, education and research institutions. Results found a significant difference in education system between those universities. The private universities offered specific disciplines having job prospect in the existing job market. Public universities were renowned for their contribution to the education sector. Quality higher education referred to quality faculty, educational environment, curricula, benefits to students and teachers (stipend, scholarships, opportunities of higher education home and abroad etc).


What have we learned about the construction of memory at the moment of the rise of vernaculars in South Asia? This volume has challenged certain inherited notions and shown the productivity of reinvigorated methodological approaches. Each chapter has zoomed in on the specifics of processes of memory construction in Classical Hindi and other literatures in Gwalior in the fifteenth century. It has proven to be very fruitful to look through the lenses of performance and emotion. Thinking of performance, has first, revealed the multiple competing patrons and audiences present in Gwalior at the time, described in the first chapter as distinct yet overlapping milieus: the Tomar court, Jain traders and religious specialists, and Sufi saints, singers, and their audiences. Too often we study these milieus in isolation, but awareness of crossovers and interactions has deepened our understanding of the multiple performative backgrounds for the first Classical Hindi texts. Jain traders were financiers of Tomar military campaigns and held influential positions at court. Sufi saints were likewise called upon for advice and protection. Second, the lens of performance has made us aware of concerns of time and space involved in decisions when and where exactly to 'publish' the new Classical Hindi literature, that is, to stage its initial performances. Understanding this helps us situate the new productions against their context of preoccupations with military opportunism, social status, and piety, as well as apocalyptic scenarios prevailing at times of political instability in the course of the long fifteenth century. The lens of the history of emotion proved fruitful in the second chapter. A micro-historical study of early narrative of the Tomars' coup counters the common-sense understanding of the dynasty sponsoring a Hindu renaissance after triumphing over the Sultanate-installed rulers of Gwalior. As it turns out, even Tomar-sponsored chronicles from two centuries later do not portray anti-Islamic resentment as a factor in the dynasty's coup, rather they stress their ancestors received Sultanate legitimation before their power grab, which they admit was less than ethical. The new emotional regime of the Tomars has more to do with celebrating their social status as ks _ atriyas, notwithstanding their humble beginnings. However, that is not the complete story behind the Classical HindiMahābhārata of 1435 either. The lens of performance has also revealed that some of the hero Bhīma's exploits as retold therein are intended to be humorous episodes. In ridiculing Bhīma's 'more brawn than brain' attitude, the author implicitly critiques Tomar adventurism at the beginning of the military season in that year. Reading references to contemporaneous politics beneath the surface of slapstick was inspired by watching the same scenes in contemporary folk performances of the genre Pandvānī, as suggested by Prof. Archana Kumar of Benares Hindu University, who took part in some of the reading sessions in Ghent. More research on this, is in the works by her team, which promises to be another fascinating direction of research, especially as carried out in tandem with the efforts to provide a new scholarly edition of the Classical Hindi Mahābhārata based on manuscripts by Prof. Raj Kumar at the same University. In any case, the revelation of countercurrents to the Tomar patron's programme underneath the humour lays bare the pitfalls of reducing complex texts to the agenda of the sponsor and cautions the scholar to be sensitive to other, independent voices woven into the text.


Decapitation or complete severance of head from the body is imminently a fatal condition and is commonly encountered in railway accidents1. Suicide on railway tracks is a public health challenge and has been reported in urban/semi urban centers worldwide2. Those attempting suicide on the railway lines are usually affected by various social problems viz unemployment, love affairs and sexual offences etc. Railway tracks are easily available plat forms to commit suicide reach their goal of death and also used for masquerading the manner of death.


Miller Fisher syndrome, a variant of Guillain‐Barre syndrome, is composed of the clinical triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and areflexia. A variety of other symptoms and signs have been reported in this syndrome, but headache is not a commonly reported symptom. We report a 35‐year‐old man with anti‐GQ1b antibody‐confirmed Miller Fisher syndrome presenting with severe and persistent headache, and we propose that the headache is caused by antibody‐mediated effects on the trigeminovascular pain pathway.


membranes, it was never low enough to warrant delivery. She had heavy vaginal bleeding at 28 weeks and at laparotomy, the lower segment was replaced by placenta percreta with no myometrial covering. The placenta had not penetrated any adjacent viscera. The baby was delivered by a high uterine incision, the uterus closed and a total abdominal hysterectomy was done with the placenta in situ. She had a 1,500 ml blood loss and was transfused three units. She recovered well and was discharged on the 6th day. Histology confirmed a placenta percreta. The baby boy weighed 865 g and plotted on the 9th centile on the boys UK World Health Organization Neonatal and Infant Close Monitoring Growth Chart. Though bradycardic at birth, possibly due to a combination of prematurity and hypoxia from the heavy maternal bleeding, the baby was resuscitated and was on the special care baby unit for 10 weeks. The baby is on long-term follow-up by the paediatricians for the monitoring of lung and neurodevelopmental function.


Good radiographs of skeletal structures are important in achieving accurate diagnosis. Orthogonal views of each region are usually required and, as stated for the forelimb, radiographs centred and exposed for each region of the limb are superior to one projection of the entire limb. Also, if possible, it is extremely useful to attempt to localise lameness prior to radiography, as survey radiographs are rarely as useful as those for which there is a strong clinical indication. THE HIP JOINT AND PELVIS Positioning Ventrodorsal view For a ventrodorsal projection, the patient is positioned in dorsal recumbency with the pelvis and pelvic limbs positioned symmetrically; the femurs should be fully extended and parallel, with the stifle slightly inwardly rotated so that the patellae are superimposed over the distal femoral trochlear groove. The beam is centred at the level of the pubic brim, which corresponds to the level of the hip joints. It is important to position ventrodorsal radiographs accurately, as even slight rotation can cause artefactual apparent subluxation of one femoral head, with acetabular coverage of the contralateral femoral head apparently increased. Ventrodorsal projections with the hips flexed may occasionally be useful. Lateral view


Twelve patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) have been treated at our department during the past 18 years five men, average age 41 and seven women, 40.3). Investigations were undertaken concerning clinical details, such as age, clinical morbid type, period of morbidity, pathohistological type, anamneses, preoperative localization of the lesion, choice of surgical procedures, and complications.The 12 symptomatic patients included nine of the "bone change type" and "nephrolithiasis type, " and their average ages by morbid type were: bone change type-40 and nephrolithiasis type-42.3.It is desirable to subject symptomatic PHP to surgical treatment as soon as possible once the diagnosis is established because of high renal complications.For 11 cases out of the 12, satisfactory surgical procedures were feasible through the cervical incision. And the time-consuming, expensive, invasive laboratory tests to localize the lesion can be avoided if diagnosis is made clinically.Palpation was possible preoperatively if the mass was larger than 2cm in diameter.


During normal operations at the Department of Energy's Hanford Site in Hanford, WA, drugstore beetles were found within the fiberboard subassemblies of two 9975 Shipping Packages. The Department of Energy's Packaging Certification Program (EM-60) directed a thorough investigation to determine if the drugstore beetles were causing damage that would be detrimental to the safety performance of the Celotex. The Savannah River National Laboratory is continuing to conduct the investigation with entomological expertise being provided by Clemson University. The outcome from the investigation conducted over the previous year was that no discernible damage had been caused by the drugstore beetles. One of the two packages has been essentially untouched over the past year and has only been opened to visually inspect for additional damage. This paper will provide details and results of the ongoing investigation of that package.


The complication of integrated system of steel was described in the view of science and technology philosophy. It was suggested that all kinds of steels are complicate integrated systems, which are characterized by the whole function exceeding the sum of all the part functions. In the integrated system, atom, crystal lattice, phase and microstructure are the factors forming different quality levels of steel. Nonlinear interaction of all these makes phase transformation, microstructure and property have complicate physical nature and behavior. Some uncertain concepts, considering the steels are simple systems, were declined by offered new concepts.