This article studies the stock price reaction to Seasoned Equity Offerings (SEOs) through the right issue technique, for Italian listed companies in the period between 2007 and 2016. A few days before the starting date of the capital increase operation, investors are provided with a complete information set of the final characteristics of the equity offerings. The study investigates whether this further information is price sensitive. An event study analysis is performed around two price sensitive dates: the "announcement date" of the equity issue and the "communication date" of its final characteristics. It also focuses on the reasons underlying the offer and on the industry effect. The findings show a significant negative abnormal return at the communication date for the full sample and for companies collecting financial resources for "Corporate Finance Transaction", for "Capital Adequacy" and for "Restructuring". A negative market reaction for all sectors is observed as well. Eventually, the article examines the possible causes underlying the negative stock price reaction at the communication date. The results suggest that the dilutive effect is the main explanation to the stock price overreaction.


Fourteen subtypes of the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) receptor have been delineated, and these subtypes are assigned to seven 5-HT receptor subfamilies (5-HT1-7).  Among the 5-HT receptor subfamilies, the 5-HT type 3 (5-HT3) receptor is the only ionotropic receptor. Previous studies have reported abundant expression of the 5-HT3 receptor in the hippocampus, and the involvement in the mood and memory. However, possible roles of the 5-HT3 receptor in hippocampal neurogenesis remains unknown. We performed immunohistochemical analyses of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in the 5-HT3A receptor-deficient mice ( htr3a-/- mice). We found that basal cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of htr3a-/- mice were normal. Exercise is known to increase hippocampal neurogenesis, cause antidepressant effects and enhance learning ability. Immunohistochemical and behavioral analyses of htr3a-/- mice revealed that a lack of the 5-HT3 receptor led to a blockade of the exercise-induced neurogenesis in the hippocampus and antidepressant effects, but not of enhanced learning ability. Moreover, we have shown that the 5-HT3 receptor agonist enhanced cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Our results indicate that the 5-HT3 receptor is indispensable for increased hippocampal neurogenesis and antidepressant effects induced by exercise.


This paper assesses the existing reforestation and forest conservation policies and strategies in Southeast Asia and how they have impacted people's lives. Southeast Asia contains 11 countries and is home to 20% of the world's species. Unfortunately, the region has been practising deforestation at an alarming rate. The main cause of deforestation in the region is the creation of land for agriculture, with forest fires and the growing demand for timber also contributing. As a result, the region has lost 376,000 km2 of forest in the last 30 years. Parts of the region have been involved in international efforts to protect forests, such as the 2016 Paris Agreement. However, some of these policies have not made much difference because most countries are not willing to support the necessary strategies. From the study findings, the main strength of the existing polices and strategies is that they are being amended to suit different changes in demographics and the practical needs of the sector. The sector has been able to shift from the initial state forestry management to making forests a multi-sectoral economic development agent. On the other hand, there are few polices at the national level that ensure every citizen participates in tree planting and that they understand the need to stop deforestation. In addition, many countries in the region are less willing to join the international communities in fighting climate change; that is, they do not agree with international partnerships like the Pris Climate Change Agreement.


MODEL-TO-PROTOTYPE SIMILITUDE REQUIREMENTS WERE DEVELOPED IN THE STUDY FOR UNSURFACED, LANDING-MAT- SURFACED, AND CONVENTIONAL FLEXIBLE AND RIGID PAVEMENT STRUCTURES FOR AIRFIELDS. AN EXTENSIVE LITERATURE SEARCH OF MODEL STUDIES WAS FIRST CONDUCTED. THE GENERAL CONCEPT OF DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS IN THE AREA OF PAVEMENT SYSTEMS WAS THEN INTRODUCED, FOLLOWED BY IDENTIFICATION OF IMPORTANT VARIABLES DEVELOPMENT OF PI TERMS, AND FORMULATION OF SIMILITUDE REQUIREMENTS FOR TRUE AND DISTORTED MODELS. A COMPENSATED MODEL THAT DISTORTS ONE OR MORE DESIGN CONDITIONS IN SUCH A MANNER THAT THE DISTORTION IS COMPENSATED IS PROPOSED FOR PAVEMENT SYSTEMS. OTHER USES OF MODEL FACILITIES ARE ALSO DISCUSSED. /AUTHOR/


We have studied the interactions in the solid phase between a blue-light-emitting organic conjugated polymer {poly[(9,9-dihexylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-alt-co-(9,ethyl-3,6-carbazole)]} and colloidal CdSe∕ZnS core shell quantum dots. We demonstrate by time resolved photoluminescence measurements that efficient Forster energy transfer takes place from the polymer acting as the donor and the CdSe∕ZnS dots, acting as the acceptors. A Forster radius of about 80±15A is extracted from the analysis of the relaxation dynamics based on the solution of the donor-acceptor coupled rate equations. This value is in good agreement with the value extracted from the steady state spectra and indicates that efficient energy tranfer from a polymeric host to a nanocrystal guest can occur. Our results are relevant to the application of hybrid organic/inorganic systems to light-emitting devices.


One of the key issues of environmental geography and a cornerstone in the implementation of any country's sustainable development strategy is to ensure proper environmental protection. The purpose of the study is to determine the environmental determinants of sustainable development of countries with taking into account the need to harmonize the economy, ecosystem and human well-being. The novelty of the study is the further development of scientific approaches to assessing the interrelation between EPI and the structural elements of the "green" economy. The results of EPI statistical analysis showed that less than 1/3 of 34 European countries improved the effectiveness of their environmental policy in 2020 compared to 2018. Strategic positioning on the matrix models allowed to identify unequal numbers of strategic groups of countries with differences in the values of environmental determinants of sustainable development. It is substantiated that environment affect people's life expectancy. Currently, the lowest value of healthy life expectancy is in Ukraine compared to other European countries. It is established that the unevenness in the dynamism of business in Europe is insignificant. However, the efficiency of the use of natural resources in the process of production and consumption, unfortunately, is not the same. The average share of renewable energy consumption in the sample of European countries is 23.5%. It is shown that a high share of renewable energy consumption does not guarantee a high level of environmental efficiency. However, this can be seen as an option to address the country's energy security. It is proposed to combine the ecological determinants of sustainable development of the country into 4 groups: environmental protection; structural restructuring of the economy; resource efficiency and biodiversity; well-being and health of the population. It is concluded that positive changes in only one environmental determinant does not guarantee an increase in the level of environmental efficiency of the country (especially in the short term).


A hydrostatic air bearing spindle system using unidirectional porous metal can minimize the deformation and scuff of the main spindle due to the vibration, abrasion, and frictional heat by forming an air curtain in the part directly rubbed with the main spindle in the rotation by the air. A hydrostatic air bearing spindle system using unidirectional porous includes a motor housing(10); a bearing housing(9) integrally formed with the motor housing; a main spindle(3) installed through the inner center of the bearing housing and motor housing; a motor(11) which is installed to surround the main spindle inside the motor housing; and a plurality of unidirectional porous metal bearings(1) which is coaxially installed to surround the main spindle inside the bearing housing in which air holes(2) having a directivity are formed on the outer circumference.


Dynamic balancing generally involves the static balancing of a mechanism using countermasses followed by the dynamic balancing of the inertia using counter-rotations. This approach requires that the statically balanced mechanism have a constant inertia for any configuration. Two of the main drawbacks of dynamic balancing are a significant increase in mass and actuation inertia. In this paper, static balancing strategies are optimized regarding the addition of mass and actuation inertia using Lagrange multipliers. The results are optimal mass-inertia curves which are akin to Pareto curves. Optimal static balancing rules are obtained and a comparison of balancing strategies shows that relaxing the constant inertia constraint may significantly reduce the total mass and actuation inertia. Then, a counter-mechanism is introduced in order to dynamically balance a mechanism with variable inertia. The conditions for which the counter-mechanism matches the inertia of the main mechanism for any configuration are derived. The significant influence of the radius of gyration of the counter-inertias on the optimal mass-inertia curves is revealed. Additionally, the advantages of counter-mechanisms over counter-rotations are demonstrated. Finally, examples of dynamically balanced mechanisms and a prototype are presented in order to illustrate the concepts.Copyright © 2013 by ASME


The article deals with t he linguistic and aesthetic principles of characters' understanding of the Christian values in the texts of Vasyl Stefanyk's novels. The main constants of language and thinking, which reproduce Pokuttian country folkideas concerning following the Christian ethics and morality, have been described. In the worldview of the peasants, depicted by Vasyl Stefanyk, elements of pagan belief, customarylaw, and mythological perception of the image of the world have been refl ected. The author's position on the ethical norms of the characters is not refl ected directly, but through the reference to living conditions, their psychological self-consciousness. The texts of Vasyl Stefanyk contain a positive assessment of such features of the peasants as benevolence, truthfulness, fear of sin, faith in God.


Composite membranes were prepared by interfacial polycondensation of a water-soluble diamine (4,4′;-methylene dianiline [MDA] or ethylene diamine [EDA]) with an organic solvent (hexane)-soluble 1,2,4,5-benzenetetra acyl chloride (BTAC) on top of a porous polysulfone (PSF) support. For both the poly(BTAC-MDA) and poly(BTAC-EDA) composite film systems, the permselectivity of these films increases only slightly with an increasing number of coatings. The poly(BTAC-MDA) composite membranes are treated at 135°C in a nitrogen atmosphere for 4 h, and they have a high selectivity [α*(CO2/CH4) = 20.51] and permeability [P(CO2) = 44.12 Barrer]. This is due mainly to the great chain stiffness of the formed polyimide, which has high selectivity. The high permeability is due to a porous polysulfone support. The trend of the permeability for this composite film is P(CO2) > P(O2) > P(N2) > P(CH4). In poly(BTAC-EDA) composite membranes, the permeation of different gases decreases in the order of P(CO2) > P(O2) > P(CH4) > P(N2). As to the composite films being more permeable to CH4 than to N2, this is probably due to the presence of a considerable quantity of aliphatic chains (–CH2–CH2–) in the poly(BTAC-EDA) composite film caused by its particularly excellent solubility for methane.


Since at least 2016, and certainly in 2019, it was common for economists to write of the U.S. economy being at "full employment." This paper undertakes a critical examination of the data relevant to the question as it stood in early 2019, considering the multiplicity of employment measures; labor force participation in selected demographics (particularly younger males and women); and less direct indicators of unemployment (notably trends with regard to capacity utilization, wages and credentialing); as at the very least suggesting a more complex, and less sanguine, picture.


In this paper the problem of an antiplane vertical crack in a coated strip of functionally graded piezoelectric material (FGPM) is studied. It is assumed that the elastic stiffness, piezoelectric constant, and dielectric permitivity of the FGPM vary continuously along the thickness of the strip. The coated strip is under anti-plane mechanical and in-plane electric loads. The solutions involve solving singular integral equations by application of the Gauss-Jacobi integration formula. Numerical calculations are carried out to obtain the stress/electric displacement intensity factors and the energy density factors. They are greatly affected by the geometric parameters, the FGPM graded properties and the electromechanical loading.


The invention discloses a pet food bowl which comprises a bowl body. A soft rubber cushion is arranged at the bottom of the outer side wall of the bowl body, at least one water groove is formed in the outer side wall of the bowl body, a spherical protrusion is arranged at the center of the bowl body, and multiple ribbed plates are arranged around the spherical protrusion. Effect of damping and buffering can be realized by arranging the soft rubber cushion, so that the pet food bowl is prevented from being dropped and broken; a small amount of water can be poured into each water groove to play a role in preventing ants and bugs; the spherical protrusion and the ribbed plates separate food, so that pets can slow down during eating, coated tongues of the pets can be massaged in the process of eating, and reduction of digestive system diseases is facilitated.


It is their unique surface activity and self-assembly properties that make surfactants suitable for a wide range of applications. Though, the relevant phase equilibria are not yet described sufficiently. Of particular interest are the surfactant/ water phase behavior and the partition coefficient of the target compound between the micelles and the surrounding aqueous phase. Therefore, in this work different methods for the determination of micelle/ water partition coefficients are evaluated. Based on the partition coefficients and considering the surfactant/ water phase behavior the optimization of the decisive process parameters is aimed. The main focus is on the description of the effect of surfactant mixtures, the pH value, and additives to provide the basis for an effective control of processes, utilizing surfactants. It is shown that with the chosen experimental methods, namely the micellar liquid chromatography (MLC), the micellar enhanced ultrafiltration, molar solubilization ratio measurements, and cloud point extraction, micelle/ water partition coefficients in various surfactant systems are determined reliably. Each of these methods is limited regarding the surfactant type and the magnitude of the partition coefficient. Yet, combining different methods, partition coefficients are measured with a high quality in a variety of mixed surfactant solutions. Thus, appropriate techniques for the evaluation of partition coefficients in mixed micellar systems are provided. Further, the thermodynamic model COSMO-RS is evaluated for the prediction of partition coefficients in multicomponent surfactant solutions. It is demonstrated, that the composition of the micelles is the essential parameter for the successful prediction of partition coefficients in mixed surfactant systems. Since these data are difficult to measure, COSMO-RS based methods are introduced, to evaluate the micellar composition. Based on the applied experimental methods and the a priori prediction surfactant based processes can now be designed and optimized, as demonstrated by the following potential implementations:  Application of the introduced methods to unknown systems, which are challenging to handle: the partition coefficient of retinol (vitamin A) in a lipid derived surfactant is determined for possible food applications.  Optimizing the operating conditions in MLC: based on predicted partition coefficients, the retention behavior of the solutes is determined for different mobile phase compositions.  Reactive separation of sugars from an aqueous solution: phenylboronic acid was used as carrier to solubilize sugars in the micelles. Optimized parameters are defined to increase the separation efficiency.


Using the polarization binomial reflection distribution function(BRDF)theory,and combining with the specula reflectance and diffuse reflectance of the target surface,the perfect polarization binomial reflection distribution function(pBRDF)model is established,and by comparatively analysis of the simulation data and the experiment data of pBRDF at the incidence angle and scattering angle,it is preliminarily concluded that the model can accurately describe the polarization properties of the target.Then the paper applies this polarization model to make some simulation about the value of the pBRDF change with the target's roughness and complex refractive index.The simulation results show that the peak of the pBRDF decreases with the increasing roughness,and increases with the increasing complex refractive index.


In traditional depth from defocus (DFD) models, the blur kernel is a symmetric function whose width is proportional to the absolute distance in diopters between the scene point and the focal plane. A symmetric blur kernel implies a two-fold front-back ambiguity in the depth estimates, however. To resolve this ambiguity using only a single image of a scene, one typically introduces an asymmetry into the optics. Here we propose a fast and simple solution which uses a Transmissive Diffraction Mask (TDM), namely a transmissive grating placed directly in front the sensors. The grating is vertically oriented with a period of two pixels, and yields two interleaved images which both have asymmetric blur kernels. The sum of the two kernels behaves like a traditional symmetric blur kernel, and so we can apply a classical single-image edge-based DFD method to the sum of the two TDM images to estimate depth up to a sign ambiguity at each point. We then show how to use the difference of the two TDM images to resolve this sign ambiguity. The result is a sparse depth map which one can interpolate to a dense depth map using standard techniques.


A remark by Gleason about the ad hoc construction of probability measures in Hilbert spaces as a result of the Pythagorean property of vector components is interpreted platonically. Unless there is a total match between preparation and measurement contexts, information about the former from the latter is not ontic but epistemic. This is corroborated by configurations of observables and contexts which a truth-implies-value indefiniteness property.


This paper proposes an M-ary continuous phase modulation (CPM) receiver adopting both frequency domain processing and differential phase detection. The proposed CPM receiver recovers multi-level M-ary information data by equalizing correlated CPM phase signals in the frequency domain instead of by decoding the signals through conventional maximum-likelihood sequence estimation, e.g. Viterbi algorithms in the time domain. For frequency domain processing or frequency domain phase equalization, cyclic-prefix assisted transmission and differential phase detection are used in the transmitter and receiver, respectively. The proposed combination of differential phase detection and frequency domain phase equalization eliminates the complexity overhead of conventional CPM receivers using decomposition-based correlators and maximum-likelihood sequence estimators with marginal performance degradation. In terms of CPM modulation parameters such as modulation index and phase constraint length, the computational complexity of the proposed receiver increases logarithmically whereas the complexity of the Viterbi algorithm grows exponentially. In addition, the differential phase detector with frequency domain phase equalizer replaces a bank of correlators and filters of conventional decomposition-based CPM receivers. The numerical simulation results show that the proposed CPM receiver can achieve a bit error performance comparable to that of Viterbi algorithm-based decoders with decomposition-based correlators.


The objectives of this paper are to study the characteristics of heat transfer and pressure drop in plate heat exchangers for absorption applications, and to quantify the effect of mass flow rate, solution concentration, and geometric conditions such as chevron angle on the heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop in the plate heat exchangers, The working fluid is H₂O/LiBr solution with the LiBr concentration range of 53.2 - 62.5 % in mass, The results show that the overall heat transfer coefficient increases linearly with increasing Re. The heat transfer rate increases with increasing the chevron angle while it does not significantly depend on the LiBr concentration. The pressure drop also increases with increasing the chevron angle, The effect of the chevron angle on the pressure drop is more significant than that of the concentration.


Additional index words. fruit abscission, bloom thinning, organic apple production, Malus ×domestica Abstract. The effect of liquid lime sulfur (LS) and fi sh oil (FO) application during bloom on leaf photosynthesis (Pn) and pollen tube growth in apple (Malus ×domestica) fl owers were investigated in order to determine their mode of action as a bloom thinning agent. LS increased the percentage of fl owers with fewer than 10 pollen tubes per fl ower to more than 64% compared to 5% or less in the control. Pollen tubes were completely absent from 27% to 48% of fl owers following LS treatment compared with fewer than 4% of fl owers having no pollen tubes on control trees. These data indicate that 30% to 50% of fl owers that open on the day of LS application are unlikely to set a fruit due to the complete inhibition of embryo fertilization. Increasing the rate of LS from 0.5% to 4% increased the propor- tion of fl owers with limited pollen tube number in a concentration dependent manner. LS suppressed the rate of light saturated Pn; successive LS sprays during the bloom period had an additive effect on suppression of Pn and fruit set. In one study the reduction in Pn was greatest 12 days after application of LS but Pn recovered by about 19 days after initial treatment. In a second study Pn of primary spur leaves had still not recovered when measured 57 days after the fi rst of three applications. FO had no effect on the number of pollen tubes per fl ower, but reduced Pn and fruit set by about 10% and 20% respectively. An increase in the proportion of fl owers with no pollen tubes, and therefore no embryo development, can account, at least in part, for the thinning response following application of LS to apples during bloom. It is likely that suppression of Pn contributes to the thinning response, although the importance of this mechanism will depend on perturbation of the total carbohydrate supply to developing fruit. Liquid lime sulfur (LS, calcium polysulfate) is frequently used as a bloom-thinning agent in organic apple production systems in countries where its use is permitted, and is increasingly being used in non-organic production systems for the same purpose. Emulsifi ed fi sh oil (FO) is frequently combined with LS to provide greater thinning effi cacy (J. McFerson, personal com- munication). At this time the precise mode of action of LS as a bloom thinning agent is not known. Sulfur sprays may reduce germination (MacDaniels and Furr, 1930) and tube growth (He and Wetzstein, 1994) of pollen grains. The apple fl ower typically consists of fi ve carpels, each containing two ovules so that there is the potential to develop ten seeds per fruit (West- wood, 1978). Parthenocarpy is seldom observed in most commercial cultivars, indicating that at least some embryo development is necessary for fruit retention. However, for preharvest drop at least, there does not appear to be any clear relationship between seed number in seeded fruit and their retention (Ward et al., 2001). Since fl owers of 'Summerland McIntosh' exhibit perfect syncarpy, i.e., pollination levels among the fi ve stigmas need not be uniform to obtain full seed development (Sheffi eld et al., 2005) then the potential seed number per fruit will be related more closely to the number of pollen tubes per fl ower than per style, and only the absence of pollen tubes from all styles in a fl ower will result in complete ovule abortion. Sulfur may also suppress photosynthesis (Pn) in apple leaves (Hoffman, 1935; Hyre, 1939), and it has been proposed that postbloom LS applications thin apple fruit by inhibiting Pn and decreasing assimilate supply to developing fruit (Noordijk and Schupp, 2003). Palmer et al. (2003) have recently shown that using LS or sulfur as a fungicide over the whole season can reduce Pn of 'Braeburn' by almost 50% in mid-summer. The current study was undertaken to quantify the effect of LS applications during bloom on pollen tube growth, spur leaf Pn, and fruit set of apple.


Sharing of government information resources is the critical link in the construction of E-government.This text firstly analyses the main bottleneck factors in the processes of E-government information resources sharing in our country and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures of breaking through the bottle-neck of E-government information resources sharing.


This paper provides evidence on the impact of different types of institutional investors on a firm's thrust to compete. A firm's thrust to compete, as an attribute of corporate culture, captures the relative importance of corporate values that push a firm to achieve shareholder value in the short and immediate term by emphasizing goal achievement, fast response to external information, and enhanced competitiveness. We find that greater ownership by transient investors results in firms intensifying their thrust to compete, suggesting that firms respond to their preferences and competitive pressures for achieving short-term value creation. By contrast, we find that firms with greater ownership by non-transient institutional investors reduce their thrust to compete. Non-transient investors are incentivized to place their emphasis on long-term firm value, over short-term gains. Our findings reveal that the composition of institutional ownership influences the organizational culture of firms in a non-homogeneous way. The findings provide significant empirical insights to the ongoing debate on the implications arising from the behind‐the‐scenes engagement of institutional investors with management.


The irreducible representations of the Lie algebra ${\frak su}$(3) describe rotational bands in the context of the nuclear shell and interacting boson models. The density matrices associated with ${\frak su}$(3) provide an alternative theoretical framework for obtaining these bands. The ${\frak su}$(3) density matrix formulation is mathematically simpler than representation theory, yet it yields similar results. Bands are solutions to a system of polynomial equations defined by the quadratic and cubic ${\frak su}$(3) Casimirs. Analytic solutions are found in many physically important cases including rotation about principal axes and spheroids. Numerical solutions are reported in other cases including tilted rotors. The physics of rotational bands is more transparent in the presented formalism. In representation theory bands terminate because the space is finite-dimensional. In ${\frak su}$(3) density matrix theory bands terminate when faster rotation produces a spheroid rotating around its symmetry axis.


We investigate the magnetic order of the buckled honeycomb lattice antiferromagnet ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}{\mathrm{NiTeO}}_{6}$ and its related antiferromagnet ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{3}{\mathrm{NiTa}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{9}$ by neutron diffraction measurements. We observe magnetic Bragg peaks below the transition temperatures, and identify propagation vectors for these oxides. A combination of representation analysis and Rietveld refinement leads to a collinear magnetic order for ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}{\mathrm{NiTeO}}_{6}$ and a ${120}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$ structure for ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{3}{\mathrm{NiTa}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{9}$. We find that the spin model of the bilayer triangular lattice is equivalent to that of the two-dimensional buckled honeycomb lattice having magnetic frustration. We discuss the magnetic interactions and single-ion anisotropy of $\mathrm{Ni}^{2+}$ ions for ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}{\mathrm{NiTeO}}_{6}$ in order to clarify the origin of the collinear magnetic structures. Our calculation suggests that the collinear magnetic order of ${\mathrm{Ba}}_{2}{\mathrm{NiTeO}}_{6}$ is induced by the magnetic frustration and easy-axis anisotropy.


To understand cyber citizens' opinion accurately from Chinese news comments, the clear definition on nonsense is present, and a detection model based on logistic regression (LR) is proposed. The detection of nonsense can be treated as a binary-classification problem. Besides of traditional lexical features, we propose three kinds of features in terms of emotion, structure and relevance. By these features, we train an LR model and demonstrate its effect in understanding Chinese news comments. We find that each of proposed features can significantly promote the result. In our experiments, we achieve a prediction accuracy of 84.3% which improves the baseline 77.3% by 7%.


The path integral method is used to decouple the spin-photon variables in the Wagner-Swift Hamiltonian for a compressible Ising model where the exchange interaction is expanded up to terms quadratic in displacements. A brief review is given of the earlier work. The approximations made by the previous workers to obtain the effect of the spin phonon coupling on the Debye- Waller factor and the phonon frequencies are shown to correspond to the lowest-order terms in the cumulant expansion in the present approach. Finally, the procedure to extend the formalism to anharmonic crystals is outlined.


The digital revolution has changed the culture of communication and people's behavior to move to media quickly and easily through the use of devices. This has an impact on school children as part of the community of mobile device users. This study wants to look at the impact of the use of devices on school children. The data in this study were obtained from various literatures which were processed and analyzed using SWOT analysis (strength, weakness, opportunity, threat). The results of the SWOT analysis in this study found that the use of devices in school children has positive and negative impacts and has opportunities and threats to watch out for. Keywords: devices, smartphone, gadget, SWOT analysis, digital native.


BACKGROUND
Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening plays a crucial role in cell death during ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Cyclosporine A (CsA) inhibits mPTP opening. This study aimed to investigate the effects of CsA treatment during cardioplegia on the mitochondrial function and cardiac IRI.

METHODS
Landrace pigs (52.9 ± 3.7 kg) were subjected to midline sternotomy, cardiopulmonary bypass at 34°C and 90 minutes of cardiac arrest. They received either a single shot of standard 4°C cold histidine-tryptophan-α-ketoglutarate (HTK)-Bretschneider solution (n = 11) or HTK-Bretschneider plus 1.2 mg/L CsA (histidine-tryptophan-α-ketoglutarate plus cyclosporine A (HTK/CsA); n = 11). During reperfusion global left-ventricular function was assessed and myocardial biopsies were harvested at baseline, during ischemia and 45 minutes following reperfusion. High-resolution respirometry and hydrogen peroxide production were measured. Immunohistochemical stainings for apoptosis-inducing factor and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α as well as a flow cytometry-based JC-1 mitochondrial membrane potential assay were performed.

RESULTS
Hemodynamic parameters were comparable between both groups. The cytochrome C release (HTK: 930.3 ± 804.4 pg/mg, HTK/CsA: 699.7 ± 394.0 pg/mg, p = 0.457) as well as PGC1α content (HTK: 66.7%, HTK/CsA: 33.3%, p = 0.284) was lower in the HTK/CsA group. Respiratory measurements revealed that the oxygen flux under basal respiration was higher in the HTK/CsA group (8.2 ± 1.3 pmol·O2·s-1·mg-1·ww) than in the HTK group (3.8 ± 1.4 pmol·O2·s-1·mg-1·ww, p = 0.045). There were no significant differences regarding histological surrogates of apoptosis and necrosis.

CONCLUSIONS
Supplementing cardioplegic solutions with CsA enhances the basal mitochondrial respiration thereby exerting a cardioprotective effect and diminishing IRI-induced damage. CsA seems to preserve mitochondrial function via non-ROS related pathways.


The combined die of pre pressing stress with 65Nb steel is used as cold heading die of 7310E roller On the die pieces, different working and heat treating regime is used so that the mould has even more good performance and coordination The mean life of the mould is 4~5 times of old one The benefit is considerable It has fixed value of spread applying


ous eyes-the evidence of the midnight oil burned in the production of that monumental work for which in part we are honouring him to-day. There is the mouth just about to say something quite outrageous. How did the artist know about that characteristic feature which we all expect and enjoy so much ? " Dr. JoHN MARSHALL, the president of the' Faculty, speak-. ing as a fellow Scot of Sir Stewart's, misquoted from J. M. Barrie's play What Every Woman Knows words that so well could have been addressed to the youthful Duke-Elder before he left Fife-" A young man of your ability let loose upon the world, what could he not do ? It's almost appalling to think of; especially if he went among the English." It was to take notice of this foray amongst the English, said Dr. Marshall, that ophthalmologists were gathered that evening. He then outlined the many spheres in which Sir Stewart had reached distinction and the varied debts that Ophthalmology owed to his prowess. In his acknowledgment of the presentation and the speeches, Sir STEWART DUKE-ELDER alluded to what this experience meant to him. Such things pulled one up with


Spontaneous rupture of the spleen in acute leukæmia is of extreme rarity. A case is reported of a patient with untreated acute myelomonocytic leukæmia without obvious splenic enlargement, who while under close observation in hospital was awakened from sleep by severe epigastric pain. After considerable diagnostic difficulties, laparotomy was performed, and a grossly disrupted and fragmented spleen weighing 240 gm was successfully removed. The patient died four days later from an unexpected cardiac arrest.


Observations upon developing living mammalian foetuses have been restricted" mainly to their movements. 1 , 2 Since earlier stages of development offer definite information concerning the mechanics of mammalian morphogenesis, the problem of embryonic survival under varied conditions is of utmost importance. With this in mind the following experiments have been performed. The rat embryos (8 and 9 days of gestation age) were carefully dissected free from the uterus and the decidua capsularis removed. The embryonic membranes which are just forming at the latter stage were left intact. The embryos were placed in Ringer's, Locke's, and physiological saline solutions and their morphological reactions noted. They were removed from the solutions at various times and fixed for histological study. While the survival time varied considerably, no signs of histolysis were apparent after 6 hours in any of the above solutions at 37.5°C. When kept at 24°C. in the same solutions there was no sign of disintegration 12 hours after removal. Twenty embryos were preserved at 6 and 12 hour periods. The 12-hour embryos at body temperature showed considerable disintegration. The embryo retains its external form up to 72 hours at 24°C. but its cellular structure becomes atypical and shows characteristic degenerative changes. No increase in cellular differentiation occurs. To determine whether embryos would develop in the mother outside of the abdominal cavity, a subcutaneous pocket was made in the body wall in which the horn of the uterus was placed with its contained embryos (8-9 days of age). The vascular connections were left intact and passed through incisions in the body wall. At the time of operation the embryos were normally imbedded in the uterine mucosa and the specimens removed for study were of 8 days' gestation age.


Herbal preparations have been used for an immemorial period for physiological and psychological well-being. Phytochemicals are attributable for such effects. The quality index of herbal remedies include among some parameters, phytochemicals, ash and moisture content. Analyses were carried out by ignition method to determine the moisture, ash value, acid insoluble ash and water soluble ash of herbal remedies produced in Northern Nigeria with the aim to ascertain their quality. Also, standard methods were used to determine concentrations (g/100g) of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, saponins and tannins. The moisture, ash value, acid insoluble ash and water soluble ash showed range of 3.55-8.58, 3.9-43.92, 0.69-86.47 and 0.19- 30.75% respectively. All the samples have favourable values for the moisture, 27.59% of the total samples have their total ash content greater than 14% which is recommended value by European Pharmacopoeia maximum acceptable limit. The remedies contain the phytochemicals in the range of (0.011-7.06, 2.76-33.47, 0.025-1.305, 0.277-8.701 and 0.037-2.07) g/100g respectively. Most of the samples may be deemed qualitative based on these indices.


The characteristics of turbulent flow and heat transfer in nitrogen gas heat exchanger for chemical enginering are investigated experimentally.The corresponding correlation for the friction factors and Nusselt numbers and the Reynolds numbers for the nitrogen inner-fin-tube were obtained.The results of the inner-fin-nitrogen beat exchanger were compared with that of the smooth tubes by the rules of the same quality flow,the same pump power,and the same pressure drop.It is shown that the characteristics of heat transfer of new nitrogen gas heat exchanger are better than that of the compare-tube,especially when the Reynolds numbers is relatively low.


Similar ebooks with The Nicaragua Route : the nicaragua route qentp the nicaragua route nnobc the nicaragua route orrjf the nicaragua route bxhka the nicaragua route flrtt nicaragua road map city of nanaimo 15 via nicaragua route rfrajola american intervention in nicaragua, 1848-1861 survey of the nicaragua route for a ship canal, does building a new trans-nicaraguan canal make economic certain activities carried out by nicaragua in the border ethical issues from the panama canal failure


SUMMARYTheuncommon combination of a polyar thralgia resembling an acute primary generalised osteoarthrosis has been described as associated with disc lesions and with sacro-iliac joint symptoms-INTRODUCTION


'The Withered Arm' (1888) in Wessex Tales (1888) by Thomas Hardy (1840-1928) is an excellent short story in terms of narrative techniques and its deep insight into human nature. Hardy is even now regarded rather fixedly as a novelist of tragic and pessimistic novels. His attitude in writing short stories has been thought as that of writing novels. This rather conventional and fixed image of Hardy is at once put in question if we read his short stories from the viewpoint of narrative techniques, which have been focused in early 20th century mainly in American literature.
Hardy started writing novels with an acute critical eye on the society of class-consciousness, and, therefore, his works are in a sense full of satirical and ironical treatment of the society and its system. His attitude towards conventional society is of course imbedded in 'The Withered Arm'. With this Hardy was also an ambitious writer with keen consciousness of narrative techniques as is evident in his memoranda in Life of Thomas Hardy 1840-1928. He seems to have tried every mode of narrative techniques including even humour.
Focusing on Hardy's narrative techniques might have the possibility of changing the quality of estimation of his short stories, and would contribute to a reevaluation of his writings in general. In this paper, 'The Withered Arm' is discussed and analyzed from the point of narrative techniques along with the attention to linguistic characteristics in the story.


For parameter analysis and accident investigation,flight parameter recording system should mark a unified and accurate time tag for all recording parameters.The document introduces a new data package format and designs a method of unified time publication.Every asynchronous data package has a unified time tag.The design of time tag has high precision in project application and satisfies the requirement of system design.The design of time tag has been successfully used in flight parameter recording system of an airplane.


A series of phenomena have been encounted by implying negative resistance, conductive switching and memory switching effects in the sintered α-Fe2O3 with the conductive path formed by electrical breakdown. In the conductive path, are always seen some cracks perpendicular to the current flow direction which seem to play an important role for the memory switching phenomena. The variation of the phase in the path, however, has not been detected by a direct method. To clarify the role of the path or its cracks, several kinds of samples were subjected to the measurements of their electrical properties accompanied by the successive cycles of heating and cooling. It was recognized that Fe2O4 samples quenched from the temperature over the region of the dissociation of α-Fe2O3 showed the same properties as switching samples'. The formation of conductive path, its construction, and their role have been discussed. In the conductive path some α-Fe2O3 can be partially reduced to Fe2O4 and the origin of the memory switching effects may be due to the reoxidized layer around the contact in the crack.


A new liquid-crystalline polyester, poly[1,7-heptamethylene-bis-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)terephthalate], containing intramolecular hydrogen bonds was synthesized, and its phase behavior was studied by IR spectroscopy. At room temperature, the initial polyester was amorphous, whereas the samples obtained by slow cooling of the anisotropic melt were partially crystalline. The intramolecular hydrogen bonds were found to be stable up to the isotropization temperature. The phase transformations in the polyester were accompanied by conformational transitions in the phenylbenzoate group. Based on a comparative analysis of the properties of the polyester and model compounds, it was concluded that the formation of a chelate ring did not hinder crystallization, but lowered the melting point and extended the range of the liquid-crystalline state


The leaves of Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile was extracted with methanol and aqueou s medium and studied for in vitro antimicrobial property. The methanol extract was found to be most active agains t all the bacterial species tested except S.aureus. Active methanol extract was further studied for HPTLC fingerprint and by phytochemical analysis. HPTLC analysis confirmed segregation of four indi vidual compounds with individual Rf values and peak area percentage. The results of phy tochemical screening of extract revealed the presen ce of Tannins, Carbohydrates and Glycosides. This analysis revealed the high antibac terial activity in the methanol extract of Acacia nilotica (L.) Delile


The property of controllability of quantum systems is explored, and conditions for controllability based on Lie-algebraic properties are enunciated. Due consideration is given to the unbounded character of some of the operators that arise and to the generally noncompact nature of the operator algebras associated with the system. Results for both finite and infinite-dimensional systems are provided; in the latter case the results are not limited to cases having purely discrete spectra. The applicability of the results to systems with both bound and scattering states is demonstrated through examples, namely the Poschl-Teller potential and the repulsive radial oscillator, which reveal some of the subtleties of the controllability issue. Attention is also directed to transitivity of the pertinent Lie algebra of a system without drift as a necessary and sufficient condition for its controllability.


In this study, blue-color emitting phosphors CaMgSi 2 O 6 :Eu 2 + (CMS:Eu 2 + ) were synthesized by the polymerizable complex method at 1000 °C in a reducing atmosphere. After the synthesis, the desired CMS crystals were obtained, but a small amount of impurity phases, such as Ca 2 MgSi 2 O 7 and Ca 3 MgSi 2 O 8 , were contained. By adding lithium carbonate Li 2 CO 3 as a fl ux to the polymerizable complex method and washing with 1 mol dm ¹ 3 HCl solution, the desired CMS:Eu 2 + was obtained in a single phase. The maximum luminescence intensity was obtained at a fl ux concentration of 8 mol % for the composition CaMgSi 2 O 6 when the amount of added fl ux was varied.


Drastic increase in the usage of electronic communication needed security of data being transmitted. Steganography is one such technique of hiding the message in a chosen carrier such that no one except the intended receiver is aware of its existence and hence prevents unauthorized access. The goal of Audio steganographic technique is to embed data in audio cover file that must be robust and resistant to malicious attacks. This paper presents various audio steganographic methods like LSB, echo hiding, spread spectrum etc. Merits and demerits of each method are described.


An improved ultrasonically vibrated surgical cutting instrument for cutting soft tissues without stretching the same during the cutting hereof having an ultrasonic frequency generator, a transducer connected to said ultrasonic frequency generator for creating a vibratory motion and having a vibrator in communication with the transducer, and a double blade knife with one of the blades adapted to move in a longitudinal direction along the motion of the vibrator and the other blade fixed to prevent deflection of the cutting blade during the cutting operation and retaining the tissue against the cutting edge such that when the sharp edge of the knife blades touch soft tissues the knife blades will cut the soft tissues without stretching the membrane.


Anxiety is defined as an unpleasant, diffuse and vague feeling 1 that may affect patients' quality of life. There is growing concern regarding anxiety within medicine, especially given that humanization is becoming a more important issue following the large technological developments that have been seen within the health sciences. The main objective has gone beyond merely controlling the symptoms, decreasing mortality and increasing life expectancy, since the psychological aspects of health and illness are ever more greatly valued. The present study sought to assess the influence of anxiety on the quality of life of patients with cataracts acquired in the first eye after reaching the age of 50 years and who did not present any severe cognitive deficit. We evaluated 52 patients with cataracts (21 males), with an average age of 72.11 years (± 9.23), on the day that the cataract surgery was indicated at the ophthalmology outpatient clinic of Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo. The Inventory of Anxiety Trait-State (IDATE) scales were used to assess anxiety and the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL)-Bref questionnaire was used to assess quality of life. The IDATE-t average score was 38.88 (± 11.15). The separate quality-of-life domain scores were: a) general = 3.42 (± 0.67); b) physical = 3.06 (± 0.70); c) environment = 3.43 (± 0.59); d) psychological = 3.74 (± 0.58); e) social = 3.84 (± 0.46). The


This paper is an analysis of the consequences of US foreign policy since the beginning of Trump term. To do so, it initially uses concepts and theoretical notions that do not come in shock with the basic realist premises, we intend to highlight the necessary and singular conditions that allow to explain the unipolar moment. Then one analyses Trump's foreign policy towards American allies and, taking the theoretical concepts from the first part of the paper, analyses the consequences.


Since 2008, NSF and The College Board, have been developing a "Computer Science: Principles" curriculum to "introduce students to the central ideas of computing and CS, to instill ideas and practices of computational thinking, and to have students engage in activities that show how computing and CS change the world". We report on the initial pilot of the CS Principles curriculum at 5 universities in 2010/11. The instructors from the pilot schools will describe their classes, the piloting experience (teaching under a microscope), and successes and failures. Emphasis will be on: mapping the CS Principles curriculum to a college's specific needs, and how others can use or modify the existing materials for pilots at their schools.


A tacky sealing putty based on polyether polyurethane was prepared. The effect of raw material on the properties of PU resin are discussed. To prepare suitable PU resin, the polyether diol is combined with polyether triol. The suitable molar ratio of polyether diol to triol is 1: 1, the molar ratio of chain-extender ethylene glycol to polyether is 0, 5: 1,respectively,and isocyanate index is 0. 90.


Citation: Pitts, J., Bonella, L., & Coleman, J. (2012). We built it, why didn't they come? An analysis of library awareness and usage in the Kansas State University distance learning community. In F. Baudino & C. Johnson (Eds.), Brick and Click Libraries: An Academic Library Symposium, Northwest Missouri State University, Friday, October 26, 2012 (pp. 141-151). Maryville, MO: Northwest Missouri State University. Copyright:


The combustion/emissions control island of the CFTCC plant produces cleaned coal combustion gases for expansion in the gas turbine. The gases are cleaned to protect the turbine from flow-path degeneration due to coal contaminants and to reduce environmental emissions to comparable or lower levels than alternate clean coal power plant tedmologies. An advantage of the CFTCC system over other clean coal technologies using gas turbines results from the CFTCC system having been designed as an adaptation to coal of a natural gas-fired combined cycle plant. Gas turbines are built for compactness and simplicity. The RQL combustor is designed using gas turbine combustion technology rather than process plant reactor technology used in other pressurized coal systems. The result is simpler and more compact combustion equipment than for alternate technologies. The natural effect is lower cost and improved reliability. In addition to new power generation plants, CFTCC technology will provide relatively compact and gas turbine compatible coal combustion/emissions control islands that can adapt existing natural gas-fired combined cycle plants to coal when gas prices rise to the point where conversion is economically attractive. Because of the simplicity, compactness, and compatibility of the RQL combustion/emission control island compared to other coal technologies, itmore » could be a primary candidate for such conversions.« less


Objective To explore the effect of applying gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist(Gn RH-a) before laparoscopic myomectomy in uterine volume over 12 gestational weeks patients with uterine myoma before myomectomy in large uterus under laparoscope. Methods 25 uterine volume over 12 gestational weeks patients with uterine myoma from January 2007 to December 2012 in our hospital were selected as the research objects.Three-needle leuprolide via subcutaneous injection was used before surgery.The change of volume in uterus and myoma before and after medication were observed.The change of hemoglobin level and intraoperative amount of bleeding were observed and postoperative recurrence of uterus myoma was followed up. Results The volume of uterus myoma after treatment in 25 patients was greatly shortened,the average volume detected by B ultrasound after treatment was(121.7±70.53) cm3,the average volume before treatment was(78.3±42.4) cm3,and the volume of myoma shortened by 35.6%,with significant difference(P0.05).The average volume of the uterus before treatment was(386.9 ±82.1) cm3,the average volume of the uterus after treatment was(253.5±56.4) cm3,with significant difference(P0.05).The hemoglobin value before Gn RH-a treatment was(88.7±31.2) g/L,the hemoglobin value after Gn RH-a treatment was(119.3±21.5) g/L,with significant difference(P0.05).The surgeries were all successful,and no case was transferred to laparotomy. Conclusion Application of leuprorelin for3 months before surgery can greatly shorten volumes of myoma and uterus,correct anemia,reduce postoperative recurrence of uterus myoma and intraoperative amount of bleeding,which ensures smooth performance of laparoscopic myomectomy.


The MEMS gyroscope zero drifts dominantly affects measurement accuracy of gyroscope. For the nonlinear problem that MEMS gyro zero drift varying with the temperature changes, the wavelet transform was performed to filter the static experiment zero drift data, then the zero drift was investigate by combing with the improved grey prediction theory. Finally a temperature compensation model based on wavelet transform and the improved grey prediction was obtained. Comparing with conventional compensation model algorithm, our model has smaller root mean square error and mean absolute error, the drift of root mean square error and mean absolute error of the MEMS gyroscope were reduced to 0.0250 and 0.0180 respectively. The temperature compensation system has good potential of theoretical and engineering application to improve the gyro accuracy of measurement. Copyright © 2014 IFSA Publishing, S. L.


Microbial life has been present for at least 3,500 million years, and the earth itself was only formed about 4,600 million years ago. ''For much of its history, Earth was a planet of microbes. Even today, microbes dominate the living world in terms of biomass and number''. Microbes play numerous key roles in global change, often as silent partners in human activities such as agriculture, mining and water treatment and also microbes are responsible for transforming many of the Earth's most abundant compounds, and thus are central to global changes causing concern (Kenneth Todar 2009).


INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The DECIPHER prostate test (GenomeDx Biosciences, Inc., San Diego, CA) is a clinical-grade mRNA-based test with a genomic classifier (GC) score that has been independently validated for predicting metastatic disease post radical prostatectomy in men with prostate cancer (Klein EA, et al. Eur Urol. 2013). Pts with high GC scores have significantly higher risk for metastasis than pts with low to average GC scores. APA, a next-generation androgen receptor inhibitor, improved metastasis-free survival (MFS) and other secondary end points in the SPARTAN study of pts with nmCRPC with prostate-specific antigen doubling time ⩽ 10 months who were receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). We evaluated the effect of APA on MFS in a subgroup of SPARTAN pts grouped by DECIPHER GC score. METHODS: A high-density Affymetrix GeneChip platform (1.4 million genomic loci) was used to assess gene expression in 233 archived primary tumors from pts enrolled in SPARTAN who had been randomized 2:1 to APA+ADT or ADT alone. Gene expression values of 22 markers were used to generate GC scores (⩽ 0.6 [low to average] vs > 0.6 [high]) using prevalidated algorithms. Cox proportional hazard model was used to assess association of GC scores with clinical outcomes. RESULTS: Among 233 pts in SPARTAN, 50% had a high DECIPHER GC score. 78 and 39 in APA+ADT and ADT arms, respectively, had high GC scores; 76 and 40 pts in these arms, respectively, had low to average GC scores. Pts with high GC score, who typically have poor prognosis with standard of care (SoC) treatment, including ADT, had improved MFS when treated with APA+ADT vs ADT alone (hazard ratio [HR], 0.21; p < 0.0001). Pts with low to average GC score also had improved MFS with APA+ADT vs ADT alone (HR, 0.46; p = 0.031). There was no difference in MFS with APA+ADT among pts with high GC scores vs those receiving APA+ADT who had low to average GC scores (HR, 1.11; p = 0.741). Similar correlations between GC scores and second progression-free survival, overall survival, and symptomatic progression were observed. CONCLUSIONS: APA+ADT improved MFS and can overcome the negative prognosis associated with high GC scores. To our knowledge, this is the first report of application of the DECIPHER GC score at diagnosis to predict outcomes and therapeutic response in CRPC and the first SoC treatment to overcome negative prognosis. Source of Funding: Janssen Research & Development


It is well known that when film first appeared in the art world, it was silent or required a live band, and people even referred to silent films as 'the great dumb'. In 1936, Chaplin produced his last silent film, Modern Times, marking the death of silent film. The era of sound film was officially opened to realize the unification of audio-visual and sound painting, thus making the film audience wider. This paper focuses on the roles of film soundtracks in films in order to better understand this diversified art form of film. In this paper, four kinds of roles in film soundtracks have been discussed. That is, the soundtracks hint at the development of the film's plot, render atmosphere, express the feelings and thoughts of the characters, and become an icon of the film. The results show that the film soundtracks play a very important role in the overall development and plot promotion of the film, and they are indispensable parts of the film.


A traditional approach for scientific discovery is to model a natural system mathematically then extrapolate new insights analytically. For models that are analytically intractable this is not possible. One approach to resolve this issue is called Parameter Space Exploration (PSE). The general idea is to perform mass simulations of a model over a uniform distribution of possible parameter inputs, then mine the resulting data to make inferences. Here I propose a methodology that combines PSE simulation with visualization and data mining to support interactive scientific discovery. Tools and techniques are described for supporting the analysis of very large, multidimensional databases. I evaluate and detail the applicability of pixelization, dimensional stacking, query based color maps, and a number of machine learning algorithms that accept human input for interactive analysis. These approaches have been used to investigate model neuron simulation data with the resulting images appearing in the Journal of Neurophysiology. They have also been implemented in a tool called NDVis (N-Dimensional Visualization Tool) which is now being used in graduate neuroscience classes at Emory University. Evaluation of the methods are based on two in-depth long term case studies in different data domains. This includes an attempt to generalize the approaches to non-simulation data sets.


For safety reasons, in-vehicle dialogue systems should be able to take the cognitive load of the driver into consideration. However, it is important to distinguish between two types of cognitive load, namely if the cognitive load is affecting the driving behaviour or not. We will present findings from a data collection carried out in the DICO project, where the dialogue behaviour under high cognitive load is analysed, and present a novel theory of how to distinguish between different types of workload.


Gratings with a single phase shift or several phase shifts are fabricated by over-dithering the phase mask. The gratings are then characterised by measuring their spectral and group delay characteristics and using a reconstruction algorithm.


The effect of the deferent rubber content substituted for fine aggregate on the mortar performancewas studied. The effects of the rubber coated with the coating materials on the mortar compressive strength, bendingstrength and impact work were discussed. The optimum rubber powder content and the suitable coating materialwere found. Through the electrical probe test- BEI, SEI and calcium ion distribution, and the slight crack and theinterface between the rubber and cement matrix are analyzed. The results show that the rubber powder coated withthe surface treatment materials A, B and C bas the capability of absorbing a large amount of energy under thecompressive and flexural load and the slight cracks of R- C were controlled and restrained.


The study by Durrant and coworkers (2009) in this issue of The Journal of Physiology investigates the effect of aerobic exercise on endothelium-dependent (vaso)dilatation (EDD) in B6D2F1 mice, a model of age-associated endothelial dysfunction (Lesniewski et al. 2009). The authors note that increasing age is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (Lakatta & Levy, 2003) that is likely to be mediated via increased oxidative stress and reduced NO levels (Cai & Harrison, 2000; Taddei et al. 2001). Current evidence indicates that habitual aerobic exercise improves EDD in older humans by reducing oxidative stress and increasing NO availability (Seals et al. 2008). The multiple beneficial effects of exercise that the authors report in the older mice are consistent with existing studies in humans, but provide more detailed insight into the potential mechanisms by which habitual aerobic exercise may improve EDD with age and potentially reduce age-associated risks of cardiovascular disease.

The study evaluates multiple indices of EDD from the whole animal level to the vascular and enzymatic level in young and old mice with and without access to an exercise wheel for voluntary running. The authors report that voluntary exercise ameliorates the decreased whole body sensitivity to systemic infusion of acetylcholine in conscious older mice. The improvement in whole body acetylcholine sensitivity in older mice was accompanied by a restoration of both the maximum capacity for EDD and the NO-dependent component of EDD in the carotid artery, increased eNOS expression and activation (Ser1177 phosphorylation) in the aorta, and reduced nitrotyrosine levels in the aorta. The beneficial effects of voluntary exercise in the older mice are mediated via effects on both pro-oxidant and antioxidant mechanisms. For example, exercise not only increased total SOD activity, MnSOD activity, and Cu/Zn SOD + ecSOD activity in aortas of the older mice, but also ameliorated the increased expression of the p67 subunit of NADPH oxidase and the increased NADPH oxidase activity in aortas of the older mice. An important and striking observation in this study was that the beneficial effects of voluntary exercise in the older mice occurred even though their exercise levels were only about 10% of those in the younger mice.

The importance of endothelial dysfunction and vascular oxidant stress in contributing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in humans was strongly emphasized in a recent review (Widlansky et al. 2003) citing 10 different studies showing that the presence of endothelial dysfunction is predictive of future adverse cardiovascular events (including death), and suggesting that evaluation of endothelial function in peripheral arteries may be beneficial in guiding the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease. In this regard, the results of the present study raise the possibility that voluntary exercise might not only reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease in older asymptomatic humans (see Lakatta and Levy, 2003), but also be beneficial in ameliorating more serious conditions such as peripheral artery disease, which increases with age and is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality (McDermott et al. 2008; Sakamoto et al. 2009). The latter possibility is supported by studies showing that antioxidant treatment with glutathione infusion increases pain free walking distance and improves several indicators of microcirculatory and whole bed blood flow in humans with peripheral artery disease (Arosio et al. 2002) and that peripheral artery disease patients completing a supervised exercise training programme show reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality (Sakamoto et al. 2009).


A flow law with Arrhenius dependence on temperature is used to model shear localization and shear-band phenomena in thermoviscoplastic materials. Arrhenius dependence is suggested by microstructural arguments for some high-strength metals. Whereas this form has been used in numerical studies, this paper offers the first comprehensive analytical study. Results are presented for the one-dimensional problem governing the unidirectional shearing of a slab. A nonlinear analysis reveals the existence of multiple steady states whose stability is determined.The steady Arrhenius model is discussed and compared to similar models in combustion and chemical kinetics. Steady solutions are found to depend on a parameter related to both the stress applied at the boundary and to the competition between diffusion and heat generation in the problem. Varying this parameter results in an S-shaped response curve (or bifurcation diagram), which is new to the shear-band literature.The response curve is constructed asymptoticall...


linuxlsd1 inputs a file list specification recognised by Linux, Unix or Mac OS X, and generates in the memory a new Stata dataset, with 1 observation per file in the list, and data on information about the file, including the file name and possibly other file-specific information. This new Stata dataset can then be used for mass-processing of the specified files. llinuxlsd1 inputs a file list specification recognised by Linux or Mac OS X, and generates a local macro containing a list, with 1 list item per file in the list, containing information about the file, including the file name and possibly other items. linuxlsd1 and llinuxlsd1 work by using the Linux ls command, with the options -d1 to specify that directories in the file list will be listed as files (and not expanded), and that the output will contain 1 line per file. They are designed to work only under a Linux, Unix or Mac OS X operating environment.


Purpose: Ultrafine particles (UFP) are toxic due to their small size and penetration into deeper lung compartments. We aimed to evaluate the exhaled breath condensate (EBC)-UFP content as a reflection of 4.4; 95% CI: 1.24–10.2; P = 0.02, respectively). Conclusion: UFP content in EBC reflects the inflammatory state of airways. Low UFP concentrations in EBC and high in serum of COPD patients support our hypothesis that increased epithelial permeability could be the mechanism behind those findings.


For the complex terrain, in long-distance slurry pipeline, the core equipment of the running pipeline - valve monitoring is particularly important. This paper based on the actual running conditions of Yunnan Dahongshan pipeline, developed an intelligent valve control system. Valve monitoring and management can be seen in this system, which combines software programming, measurement technology, communication networks, as well as order management, fault management, spare parts management, query statistics. Getting running parameters rely on the monitoring system, and then for the mathematical model of solid traffic in slurry pipeline transportation, the slurry weight can be measured. The system achieved valve monitoring and management very well, improving the long-distance slurry pipeline running reliability.


Objective To evaluate protein kinase Cθ(PKCθ)for the differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST).Methods The expression pattern of PKC θ was detected by immunohistochemistry in 121 GISTs,paired 51 distant normal tissues and 70 non-GIST sarcomas.Results Immunoreactivity for PKC θ was detected in 111 of 121 GIST cases,all eight CDll7-negative GISTs were PKC θ positive.PKC θ was negative in all distant normal tissue samples and 26 smooth muscle tumors.The positive expression rate of gastrointestinal mesenchemal tumors other than GIST was 18.2%.The expression rate of PKC θ did not vary with of tumor location,cell morphology and risk grades.Conclusions PKC θ could be a potential diagnotic marker in GIST patients,especially in those with negative CD117.

Key words:
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors; Protein kinase C; Tumor markers,biological


In the USA, it is estimated that the percentage of citizens aged 65 years and older will rise to 21% of the population by the year 2050 [101]. The group aged 65–84 years is expected to grow over 100% and the group aged 85 years and older will grow almost 400% [101]. These increases dwarf the increases of all other age groups of Americans and similar increases are projected in many other countries. Due to the increase in the number of older adults, there is a greater need for attention to geriatric healthcare. An increase in the number and instances of age-related disorders is predicted. Some of the more common yet unrecognized problems are seizures and epilepsy (the condition of repeated seizures), which are more frequent in older adults than in any other age group. Indeed, after dementia and stroke, seizures and epilepsy are the third most common neurological disorders afflicting older adults [1,101,102]. Approximately 30% of new cases of epilepsy occur in individuals over the age of 65 years [1,101,102]. The incidence of seizures rises for each decade after 60 years, peaking at the age of 80 years and older [1,101,102]. Seizures are an abnormal electrical discharge of the brain and are categorized into two main types: partial and generalized. Partial seizures are defined as episodes in which there is an abnormal electrical discharge of a localized area of the brain, as opposed to a generalized seizure, which suggests bilateral cortical involvement with the electrical discharges. Partial seizures are the most common seizure type noted in older adults. Approximately 50% of seizures in the older adult are of complex partial type. This is followed by simple partial seizures, which account for 20%, and these are defined as seizures that have no impairment of consciousness [1,101,102]. Another 20% have a generalized tonic–clonic seizure, otherwise known as convulsions or grand mal seizures [1,101,102].


was prevalence and phenotypic detection of Carbapenem and multi drug resistant bacteria in UTI patients in District Swat. The study will identify the prevalence of MDR among isolated uropathogens i.e. K. pneumoniae , Citrobacter and E. coli .


In humans, magnesium is the fourth most plentiful cation after sodium, potassium and calcium. Intracellularly, it is second following potassium. Approximately half of total body magnesium is contained within the soft tissues including muscle, while the majority of the remainder is found in bone with some in the erythrocytes. Magnesium in the extracellular compartment is both ionised and unionised. It is the ionised fraction which is physiologically active.


SUMMARY The present article provides an overview of the operational models deployed by a number of agencies and bodies in France, with a focus on investigating and prosecuting economic-financial crimes. In addition to the police and the criminal procedure, we study France Public Prosecutor's Office, which is in charge of tracking major economic and financial crimes. The traditional method of combating financial crimes, such as money laundering, is to use prescriptive legislation. A new idea is that risky concepts may be applied to understanding the


The research on electromagnetic shielding has been advanced for military applications as well as for commercial products. Utilizing the reflective properties and absorptive properties of shielding material, the replied signal measured at the rear surface, or at the signal source can be minimized. The shielding effect was obtained from such materials that have high absorptive properties and structural characteristics, for example stacking sequence. In this research {glass fiber}/ {epoxy} / {nano particle} composites (referred to GFR-Nano composites) was fabricated using various nano particles, and their properties in electromagnetic shielding were compared. For visual observation of the nano composite materials, SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope) and TEM(Transmission Electron Microscope) were used. For measurement of electromagnetic shielding, HP8719ES S-parameter Vector Network Analyser System was used on the frequency range from 8 GHz to 12GHz. Among the nano particles, carbon black and Multi-walled Carbon Nano-tube (MWCNT) revealed outstanding electromagnetic shielding. Although silver nano particles (flake and powder) were expected to have effective electromagnetic shielding due to their excellent electric conductivities, test results showed relatively little shielding effect.


The utility model relates to a rainwater collection and treatment technology, particularly to a bridge floor runoff collection, treatment and emergency system which comprises three parts including a split-flow tank, an adjusting-emergency tank and a smoothing sedimentation tank, wherein a sewage treatment outlet pipe of the split-flow tank is connected to the adjusting-emergency tank; a ball float valve controls the on-off of the sewage treatment outlet pipe; a floating ball of the ball float valve floats on the liquid level of the adjusting-emergency tank; when the liquid level of the adjusting-emergency tank reaches the maximum collection water line, the ball float valve performs the closing action to close the sewage treatment outlet pipe; the adjusting-emergency tank is connected with the smoothing sedimentation tank through a siphon; the water inlet of the siphon is formed in the bottom of the adjusting-emergency tank; the water outlet of the siphon is formed in the smoothing sedimentation tank. The bridge floor runoff collection, treatment and emergency system has a simple structure, is easy to construct, and realizes respective treatment of earlier-stage sewage and later-stage rainwater of bridge floor runoff in case of rainfall, so that the treatment effect is greatly improved.


A green, efficient and cheap demethylation reaction of aromatic methyl ethers with mineral acid (HCl or H2SO4) as a catalyst in high temperature pressurized water provided the corresponding aromatic alcohols (phenols, catechols, pyrogallols) in high yield. 4-Propylguaiacol was chosen as a model, given the various applications of the 4-propylcatechol reaction product. This demethylation reaction could be easily scaled and biorenewable 4-propylguaiacol from wood and clove oil could also be applied as a feedstock. Greenness of the developed method versus state-of-the-art demethylation reactions was assessed by performing a quantitative and qualitative Green Metrics analysis. Versatility of the method was shown on a variety of aromatic methyl ethers containing (biorenewable) substrates, yielding up to 99% of the corresponding aromatic alcohols, in most cases just requiring simple extraction as work-up.


The main reason of the extensive usage of the fuzzy systems in many branches of science is their approximation ability. In this paper, an interval type-3 fuzzy system (IT3FS) is proposed. The uncertainty modeling capability of the proposed IT3FS is improved in contrast to type-1 and type-2 fuzzy systems (T1FS and T2FS). Because in the proposed IT3FS, the membership is defined as an interval type-2 fuzzy set, whereas in T1FS and T2FS, the membership is crisp value and type-1 fuzzy set, respectively. An online fractional-order learning algorithm is given to optimize the consequent parameters of the IT3FS. The stability of the learning algorithm is proved by utilizing the Lyapunov method. The validity of the proposed fuzzy system is illustrated by both simulation and the experimental studies. It is shown that the proposed fuzzy system and associated learning algorithm result in better approximation performance in comparison with the other well-known approaches.


Abstract The diverse presentation of Meckel's diverticulum (MD) is a diagnostic challenge for clinicians and most previous studies consist of single institutional case series. The aim of this study was to review the related diagnoses of MD and to investigate the epidemiological characteristics using Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. We conducted an observational study using a population-based database. Patients diagnosed with MD who concurrently received intestinal surgery were identified. We analyzed the patients' demographic characteristics and relevant diagnoses using χ2 test and 2-sample t test. We identified 2453 newly diagnosed MD patients from 1996 to 2013 and 1227 patients (50%) with intestinal obstruction, gastrointestinal bleeding, and acute appendicitis (acute abdominal pain) were defined as symptomatic. The male to female ratio was 2.4:1 with half of the patients experiencing symptomatic MD before the age of 20 years' old. The age-specific and annual incidence were calculated for all MD and symptomatic MD. Among the symptomatic MD patients, intestinal obstruction was present in 583 (48%), acute appendicitis was present in 464 (38%), and gastrointestinal bleeding was present in 283 (23%) patients. Intestinal obstruction was the most common preoperative diagnosis in the 0 to 10 years and >20 years' age groups, and acute appendicitis (acute abdominal pain) was the most common diagnosis in the 11 to 20 years' age group. This population-based 18 years' epidemiologic study described the distributions of MD symptoms among different age groups, which may help clinicians gain a better understanding of this diagnostically challenging gastrointestinal anomaly.


Objective To discuss the clinical value of laparoscopic cholecystectomy with low pressure pneumoperitoneum in high risk senile patients with cardiopulmonary complications. Methods The pressure of insufflator was preset at 8 mmHg and regulated to the state of patient in the proper range during operation. Results The pressure of pneumoperitoneum was preset at pressure between 6~10 mmHg in 75 cases with laparoscopic cholecystectomies, except for 3 cases were regulated to 12 mmHg due to inadequate operative exposure. 2 cases were converted to open procedures,no death or severe complication occurred. Conclusion It decreased the risk of complications pneumoperitoneum interrelated, and enlarged the indicatios of laparoscopic cholecystectomies in high risk senile patients.


We present approaches for real time automated three‐dimensional (3D) visualization and recognition of biological microorganisms. A single exposure on line digital holographic microscopy records Fresnel digital hologram of the biological microorganisms. Then original complex images of biological microorganisms are computationally reconstructed at different depths along longitudinal direction by inverse Fresnel transformation of the digital hologram. For recognition and classification, two approaches are overviewed. One is 3D morphology‐based recognition and the other is shape‐independent recognition based on statistical estimation and inference algorithms.


U.S. research on fat oxidation in food and related subjects. : Experiences gained through a study trip to the U.S.A., May-June 1966


The national policies on preparing youth for the work force in the United States and Finland were compared through a retrospective review of past policy decisions. Qualitative data were gathered by analyzing key policy documents and by conducting focus group interviews with reform stakeholders within three Finnish experimental school divisions and three tech prep consortia representing rural, urban, and suburban areas of one state in the United States. The focus group interview results were analyzed by comparing the-responses of each group within each country and national work force preparation goals as identified during the policy document analysis. The two countries were found to have similar national goals but differeAt contextual environments and implementation strategies. Finland emphasized flexibility in high school course selection with upgrade technical preparation in emerging polytechnic institutions. U.S. policy focused on increased course requirements for graduation from high school and stronger linkages between secondary and postsecondary programs for specialized occupational preparation. Both countries were working to improve work force preparation of youth by emphasizing the role of continuing education and internationalization beyond compulsory school. The main difference between the U.S. and Finnish systems was in the emphasis placed on breadth of studies and specialization. (Contains 19 references.) (MN) ********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. *************..x********************************************************


Abstract After a brief survey of the principles of nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, some potentially non medical applications are considered in this report. Presently magnetic resonance imaging is mainly performed in the liquid state. Spin density, spin relaxation and chemical shifts can serve as contrast parameters. Unsaturated water flow within porous materials, fluid absorption by polymer composites, imaging of oil and water in sandstone rocks and wood moisture imaging are the best known applications. New potentialities, such as n.m.r. microscopy and imaging of solids, are also mentioned.


The revolution in wet-lab sequencing techniques that has gi ven rise to a plethora of whole-genome or wholetranscriptome sequencing projects, often targeting 50 up t o 1000 species, poses new challenges for efficiently computing the phylogenetic likelihood function both for ph ylogenetic inference and statistical post-analysis purposes. The phylogenetic likelihood function as deploye d in maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference programs consumes the vast majority of computational resou ces, that is, memory and CPU time. Here, we introduce and implement a novel, general, and versatile con cept to trade memory consumption for additional computations in the likelihood function which exhibits a su rprisingly small impact on overall execution times. When trading 50% of the required RAM for additional computat ions, the average execution time increase because of additional computations amounts to only 15%. We d emonstrate that, for a phylogeny with n species onlylog(n)+ 2 memory space is required for computing the likelihood. Thi s is a promising result given the exponential growth of molecular datasets.


Summary Studies on 16 subjects were made to determine whether behavioral changes occur as a result of cortisone therapy. All subjects were treated exactly alike, except that half the group were given tablets containing cortisone and half were given placebo. A battery of psychiatric and psychological tests was administered: two forms of interview; part of the Wechsler‐Bellevue Adult Intelligence Scale; the Rorschach test; part of the Thematic Apperception test; the Level of Aspiration Board; and an incomplete sentence test. Tests were administered to subjects before medication, after 30 days of medication, and after a followup period of no medication. Selected tests were also administered between 72 and 120 hours after the onset of medication. No one in the hospital other than the physician assigning medication knew which subjects actually received cortisone. Dosage was decreased from 300 mg. on the first day and to 75 mg. on the fifth day, and remained constant thereafter until the thirtieth day. Differences between the group receiving cortisone and the group receiving only a placebo in test behavior were minimal. Clinical judgments of five observers tended to discriminate between the groups more accurately than did the tests. Certain methodological difficulties are pointed out and suggestions made for future investigations. Although the results are limited by the small number of subjects and the wide range of individual differences in the group, we may tentatively conclude that behavioral changes following the administration of cortisone do not occur in easily detectable form nor in a manner which is uniform from individual to individual.


Background: Hypomagnesemia is a frequent complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and is related to cyclosporine-induced renal magnesium (Mg) loss. The importance of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in renal Mg reabsorption was suggested after identification of EGF mutation in isolated autosomal recessive hypomagnesemia (IRH). Mg wasting is also associated with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors used in oncologic treatment. Recently, a link between EGF, Mg, and cyclosporine (CSA) in renal transplant recipients has been proposed through downregulation of EGF leading to inhibition of the Mg channel TRMP6 in the distal convoluted tubule, but similar associations have not been investigated post-allogeneic HCT. We hypothesized that lower serum EGF would be associated with higher CSA levels, acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) status, and more severe Mg wasting after allogeneic HCT. Patients and Methods: 107 adult allogeneic HCT recipients from the University of Minnesota enrolled on an immune monitoring study had EGF levels measured by magnetic bead array at day +100 post-allogeneic HCT. Clinical variables collected for analysis included patient age, sex, underlying diagnosis, donor type, HCT conditioning regimen, maximum acute GVHD overall grade and organ involvement prior to day +100, use of oral and intravenous supplemental Mg including cumulative requirements over 2 weeks, and concurrent immunosuppressive drug therapy including cyclosporine (N=66), tacrolimus (N=13), mycophenolate mofetil (N=5), sirolimus (N=22), and prednisone (N=40). Lab variables analyzed included serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), immune suppressive drug levels, Mg levels, and lymphocyte subsets including absolute counts and percentages of NK cells, B cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and regulatory T cells. Results : 54 patients had acute GVHD (grade I-II n= 34, grade III-IV n =20) and 53 patients did not have acute GVHD prior to the day +100 serum sample collection. The median serum EGF in this cohort was 101 pg/mL (not detectable in 5 samples). Levels of EGF at day +100 showed no relationship with age, underlying diagnosis, donor type, or conditioning intensity. EGF was significantly lower in patients who had acute GVHD grade III-IV prior to day +100 (Figure 1) and nearly 3-fold lower in those with upper GI GVHD involvement versus no upper GI GVHD involvement (median 43 pg/mL versus 119 pg/ml, p=0.007). Serum EGF negatively correlated with CSA level (Spearman9s rho = -0.34, p=0.007), but not with tacrolimus levels, sirolimus levels, prednisone dose, or serum creatinine. Mg requirements, measured as either daily dose or cumulative dose over 2 weeks prior to the EGF sampling, were not associated with serum EGF overall, but those with EGF > 100 pg/mL showed higher magnesium requirements (average daily dose (1060 ± 142 mg/day versus 600 ± 85 mg mg/day, p=0.02) and average cumulative dose over 2 weeks (14.6 ± 2 grams versus 9 ± 1.3 grams, p=0.04) prior to the blood draw. Patients with or without acute GVHD required similar Mg supplementation. EGF levels showed a modest correlation with overall lymphocyte percentage in the peripheral blood (Spearman9s rho = 0.24, p=0.01), but not with specific lymphocyte subsets at day +100. Serum EGF levels > 100 pg/mL at day +100 were associated with improved 2-year survival (RR 0.46, 95% CI 0.22–0.94, p=0.03, Figure 2). Conclusions : Patients with prior grade III-IV acute GVHD, and in particular upper GI GVHD, had lower EGF levels at day +100. This may be due in part to decreased EGF production from Brunner9s glands in the duodenum versus excess EGF losses. The inverse relationship between CSA and EGF may be direct or may represent patients with more severe acute GVHD being maintained with higher drug levels. Serum EGF was negatively correlated with CSA levels but not Mg requirements or serum creatinine/estimated GFR. While studies in renal transplantation identified a connection between urinary EGF, Mg wasting, and diminished renal function, circulating levels of EGF in allogeneic HCT did not show a similar correlation. Differences in EGF post-allogeneic HCT are predominantly due to grade III-IV GVHD status, although a potential contribution from CSA effect on the kidney cannot be ruled out. The role of circulating EGF in the long-term outcomes of allogeneic HCT should be further studied. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


A correct assessment of bone condition is crucial for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment strategies of periodontal bone support. The information resulting from clinical examination, associated with image diagnostic, serve as a guide for an accurate assessment of the alveolar bone and the possible presence of bone defects. The cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is still underutilized in periodontal diagnosis, besides little researched. Purpose: The aim of the present study was to establish the diagnostic accuracy of the CBCT in the evaluation of bone cover, using different voxels. Material and Methods: In the jaws of five dried skulls, with complete dentition, were identified 63 bone defects in 180 thirds of twelve anterior teeth, analyzed with a digital caliper rule. For the acquisition of the images was used the CS 9000 3D Extraoral Dental Cone Beam Imaging System (Carestream Dental, Rochester, USA), with 60 kVp, 8 mA(maxillae)/ 6.3 mA(jaw) and primarily, the use of voxel of 0.2mm, followed by a second time, with the use of voxel of 0.076mm. Later, the images acquired and reconstructed in axial and parasagittal planes were evaluated by 2 experienced examiners, according to a specific protocol, indicating presence or absence of bone cover. All data were tabulated and analyzed by McNemar and Kappa tests, adopting the value of p≤0,05. Results: In the evaluation of axial and parassagital reconstructions together, with voxel 0.2, 95.24% of the sites with absence of bone cover were diagnosed through images by CBTC, by two assessors, whose agreement was substantial (parassagital reconstructions, K=0.652; axial, K=0.756). In the evaluation of the 0,076 voxel reconstructions, 93,89% of sites with absence of bone cover were diagnosed and the assessors's agreement was almost perfect (parassagital reconstructions, K=0,875; axial, K=0,889). Conclusion: CBTC offers high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in diagnosis of bone cover and either in parassagital reconstructions, or in axial reconstructions. The parassagital reconstruction images showed better specificity and accuracy in bone cover diagnosis of anterior teeth than the axial reconstruction ones, which in turn had a higher sensitivity than the parassagital reconstruction images, in both voxels analyzed. Therefore, it is necessary and advantageous a dynamic multiplanar image evaluation to confirm bone cover diagnosis, in order to help treatment strategies. Comparing the voxels evaluated (0.2, 0.076), the results were equivalent, which means that not always there will be gain of diagnosis, reducing progressively the size of the voxel.


Dr.Kawachi has been dedicated in research of theory into practice for distance education.In 2003,he produced a Transactional Distance Model based on Moore's Transactional Distance Theory and Mitchell's Conversation Theory(Kawachi,2003).As an instructional design and multimedia education professor,Dr.Kawachi is well-known in international open and distance education,now teaching at Kurume Shin-ai Girls' School in Japan.As a member of Asian Associate of Open and Distance Education and the editor in chief of Asian Journal of Distance Education,Dr.Kawachi has devoted a lot to promote the interchange and cooperation in Asian distance education.Dr.Kawachi's philosophy of education has been much affected by Alistair Morgan,his first tutor in OUUK.He has won several awards including the Gold Medal from the 14th AAOU annual conference.In Oct.2007,Dr.Kawachi visited China for the first time and accepted our interview.He shared his invaluable insights in both learning and teaching here in this interview.


In this paper, we partially solve Yau' Conjecture of the first eigenvalue of an embedded compact minimal hypersurface of unit sphere $\mathbb{S}^{n+1}(1)$, i.e., Corollary 1.2. In particular, Corollary 1.3 proves that the condition $\int_{\Omega_{1}}|\nabla u|^{2}=(n+1)\int_{\Omega_{1}}u^{2}$ is naturally true and meaningful in Corollary 1.2.


This paper analyses and compares the concept of reasonable accommodation under the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the EU Employment Equality Directive including related case-law. It first addresses how equality and anti-discrimination policies in regard to persons with disabilities are dealt with in the wider context of international human rights law and under the relevant UN treaties. After identifying the European approach in addressing disability equality and non-discrimination, the paper considers to what extend the concept of disability and the scope of discrimination under the UN-Convention and the EU legal framework are coherent. Defined as a form of discrimination under the Convention but not in the Directive, the paper evaluates in which aspect the concept of reasonable accommodation under the Directive is compatible with the Convention and it also identifies the areas where compatibility appears to be lacking. The paper also points out the consequences at the European level of an incompletely implemented concept of reasonable accommodation in the meaning of the UN-Convention and proposes approaches to assure that EU-law is in line with the Convention.


Introduction: Throughout the 1.5 years of hovering phase of the Hayabusa2 spacecraft, the different instrument performed global characterization of asteroid Ryugu's surface ([1],[2],[3]). The global near-infrared (NIR) spectral results from the NIRS3 instrument show a very homogeneous surface in the near-infrared, with a very low albedo (< 2% on average) on the overall surface and a homogeneous 2.72 um absorption feature, both in depth and position, attributed to the presence of phyllosilicate on the entire asteroid. At the scale of the NIRS3 observations (between roughly 40 m and a few 10s of cm), the surface of Ryugu appears quite homogeneous and it is hard with the global campaign dataset of July 2018 [3] to identify spectrally different regions. We propose with this work, to combine all NIRS3 observations to look for consistently spectrally different locations at the surface of Ryugu. To do so, we use the complete NIRS3 near-infrared spectral dataset acquired during the proximity phase to detect brighter areas at the surface of Ryugu based on the albedo at 2 um (see [4],[5] for details). To understand the origin of the bright detected areas, they are then analyzed with the different orbital instruments to extract their surface properties: (1) Spectral -with NIRS3 (near-infrared slope/albedo and 2.72 μm band depth) and ONC spectral images (visible slope/albedo); (2) Physical -with the thermal imaging spectrometer TIR (thermal inertia) [6]; (3) Contextual -with ONC visible images.


In order to obtain better monitoring effect under low luminance environment,based on the human visual system,the image information was enhanced by compensating the human visual contrast resolution.Meanwhile,an embedded monitoring system was constructed with the combination of ARM11and LINUX,so the coding efficiency was greatly improved by the hardware coding.Then the encoded H264stream was transported with RTP package.Tests results show that the system can realize real-time monitoring under low luminance as well as obtain enhanced video images.


Summary form only given. The Naval Research Laboratory is currently investigating gyroklystron amplifiers as high power, moderate bandwidth sources for millimeter wave radars. A four cavity W-band gyroklystron amplifier experiment is now underway at NRL. The gyroklystron has produced 55.5 kW peak output power and 23.5% electronic efficiency in the TE/sub 01/ mode for a 56 kV, 4.2 A electron beam. The -3 dB bandwidth is greater than 400 MHz. The small signal and saturated gains are 36 dB and 28 dB, respectively. A time dependent version of the non-linear code MAGYKL was developed to design the interaction circuit.


During the process of developing the socialistic market economy system in our country, a variety of mendacious advertisements have turned into overrun. Nevertheless, our nation's current regulations actually are so simple on definition and the rules of mendacious advertisement that there is no uniform legal system to judge mendacious advertisement, despite adopting a comprehensive adjustment mode in legislation. Facing such kind of situation, to meet the demands of law application, it is essential to make a comparatively entire interpretation for the general definition and constitution requisites of mendacious advertisement on the basis of regulations of present laws. During the study, jurisprudence methods are applied to make an analysis and integration, meanwhile usual regulations in American acts on mendacious advertisement are used for reference.