FADD is an adaptor protein that transmits apoptotic signals from death receptors such as Fas to downstream initiator caspases in mammals. We have identified and characterized the Xenopus orthologue of mammalian FADD (xFADD). xFADD contains both a death effector domain (DED) and a death domain (DD) that are structurally homologous to those of mammalian FADD. We observed xFADD binding to Xenopus caspase‐8 and caspase‐10 as well as to human caspase‐8 and Fas through interactions with their homophilic DED and DD domains. When over‐expressed, xFADD was also able to induce apoptosis in wild‐type mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF), but not in caspase‐8‐deficient MEF cells. In contrast, DED‐deficient xFADD (xFADDdn) acted as a dominant‐negative mutant and prevented Fas‐mediated apoptosis in mammalian cell lines. These results indicate that xFADD transmits apoptotic signals from Fas to caspase‐8. Furthermore, we found that transgenic animals expressing xFADD in the developing heart or eye under the control of tissue‐specific promoters show abnormal phenotypes. Taken together, these results suggest that xFADD can substitute functionally for its mammalian homologue in death receptor‐mediated apoptosis, and we suggest that xFADD functions as a pro‐apoptotic adaptor molecule in frogs. Thus, the structural and functional similarities between xFADD and mammalian FADD provide evidence that the apoptotic pathways are evolutionally conserved across vertebrate species.


Abstract Due to the ISM band being unlicensed for communication applications, a lot of applications have been developed in this band and a good example is WiFi IEEE802.11a, b, g, n of Bluetooth. This numeracy of applications motivated this paper. The paper is concerned with the design of a low distortion 20dBm 2.4GHz class-J power amplifier (PA) since PAs are indispensable in radio communications. The design is based on the AVAGO ATF-52189 transistor with a transition frequency of 6GHz. The design is done as a hybrid circuit network realized using microstrip elements and surface mount device (SMD) capacitors. The schematic design, and simulation are carried out using Keysight's Advanced Design System version 2016.01. The simulated PA exhibited a drain efficiency of 69% and a power output of21dBm.


Recently, Internet finance has become more and more popular. However, bad debts becamea serious threat to online finance corporations. A commonly used fraud detection models by the traditional monetary companies is logistic regression. In this paper we use dataset consisting large publicloans data of a financial company i.e., Lending Club to check the potential of deep neural networks in fraud detection. Once this dataset is loaded we dealtwith the missing values and data pre-processing. With this pre-processed data, we extracted important features using the XGBoost algorithm and developed a CNN deep neural network to detect loan fraud on the Internet. Extensive experiments were conducted to prove that deep neural networks are superior tocommonly used models. This easy and effective model can give enlightenment for the utilization of deep learning to combat online loan fraud, which can profit the financial engineers of tiny and medium-sized financial corporations.


Using aerobic granular sludge for wastewater treatment has multiple advantages compared to conventional activated sludge systems, most important being the ability of simultaneous removal of the pollutants responsible for eutrophication: organic load, compounds of nitrogen (NH4 +; NO3 -) and phosphorus (PO4 3-). The advantages are currently exploited for developing the next generation of wastewater treatment systems while the identified limitations are approached by experimental and theoretical researches worldwide. The aim of the study consists in evaluating the possibility of predicting the system's response to different changes in the influent wastewater loadings. The paper presents simulations results backed up by experimental data for pollutants removal efficiencies evaluation for a sequential batch reactor (SBR) with aerobic granular sludge. The mathematical model is based on the activated sludge model no. 3, which was updated by considering the simultaneous biological nitrification (NH4 àNO3 -) and denitrification (NO3 àN2á) processes, thus complying with the biochemical reactions occurring in aerobic granular sludge sequential batch reactors. The model developed was validated by the experimental results obtained on a laboratory scale SBR monitored for over a month.


Operational risk is one of the most important risks faced by commercial banks.Income model is a suitable model to measure operational risk considering the management conditions of operational risk in our country′s commercial banks.This paper builds an income model with panel data to do some analysis using quarterly accounting data of three commercial banks from the first quarter of 2002 to the first quarter of 2011,which are China Merchants Bank,Pudong Development Bank and Shenzhen Development Bank.Conclusions are drawn that volatility caused by operational risk accounts for 16.67% in the total volatilities of the net profit of the three banks and the operational risk of Shenzhen Development Bank is the biggest one among the three banks.


Spirals, scrolls, meanders and key patterns animals and mythological and imaginary creatures three motifs from ancient Egypt: the lotus, papyrus and lily the palmette leaf borders, scrolls and the acanthus the Indian lotus the Celtic scroll The rosette and intersecting circles motif Twists, plaits, interlace and geometrical constructions.


This article outlines the different issues and debates that, since June 2012, have helped to make Edward Snowden the man who catalyzed controversy over the question of surveillance and privacy on the Web. By revealing practices of more than dubious legality and catalyzing public indignation, Snowden succeeded in arousing the interest of whole sections of the population in a seemingly technical issue and in re-opening debates on "whistle-blowing" and "national security."


The attacks and defenses in industrial control system(ICS) security has been in an asymmetrical situation. Due to the closeness, specificity and complexity of ICS, it has more vulnerabilities and deeper hidden backdoors. The traditional "remedy" type of defense is difficult to prevent increasingly complex attack methods. Starting from the attack chain model, this paper analyzes shortcomings of traditional ICS defense technology, and proposes an ICS security system structure based on mimic defense. Digital twin technology is used to build executive entities of mimic defense model, and increase the dynamic and heterogeneity of ICS. The system structure based on mimic defense has better protection against unknown vulnerabilities, and reduces the probability of being attacked successfully, improve the ICS's ability to withstand attacks through endogenous security at the system level, and alleviate the passive and lagged situation of ICS defense.


A. Kornberg, the senior editor of this book, ".. . for their discovery of the mechanisms in the biological synthesis of ribonucleic acid and deoxiribonucleic acid.") attended in Barcelona and Madrid an international symposium to celebrate his seventieth birthday. The papers were grouped into six colloquia, comprising the areas of biochemistry where Ochoa made his contributions: energy metabolism, lipids and saccharides, regulation, nucleic acids and the genetic code, protein bio-synthesis, and cell biology. They constitute the first six chapters of this Festschrift, which contains forty-one papers altogether. Although there is a considerable amount of technical material in them, most will be of the greatest value to historians evaluating the last five decades of wbat one author calls "the first golden age of biochemistry". The personal account of research, which is always excluded from the impersonal scientific paper, is here in plenty, and will serve the same purpose as oral history to the future chronicler of twentieth-century biochemical advances. There is also a biographical introduction and a closing chapter on 'Science in the time of Ochoa'. Many of the household names of biochemistry are here, including Cori, Chain, and Krebs, and altogether there are ten Nobel Prizewinners. As a source-book of autobiographical material and historical data this book represents an important contribution to the history of the medical sciences. It should have wide appeal. Sponsored by Linacre College Oxford, this excellent book has brought together eleven specialists from a variety of academic disciplines, united in their aim to expand the sadly defective body of knowledge concerning a great Renaissance physician and humanist. They achieve commendable success. There is a fourteen-page editorial introduction, with twenty-one pages of notes, which discusses problems in Linacre's biography and his reputation, and contains a Linacre chronology. There are papers on Linacre and humanistic studies at Oxford, his Latin grammar, his education at Padua, his place in medical humnism, his lands and lectureships, and his foundation of the College of Physicians. There is also a bibliography of his works, and of secondary sources on him written since the sixteenth century. An iconography and a final essay by Walter Pagel on 'Medical humanism-a historical necessity in the era of the Renaissance' complete the volume. The highest level of scholarship is maintained throughout, the index is comprehensive, and the twenty plates elegant. But, it is a pity that the dust-jacket "blurb" does not relate accurately to the contents. Despite …


SummaryThis paper is concerned with the change in the character of occupational therapy from the traditional in-patient clinic to that of the day hospital which is more open to the community. This change is typical for the present situation in Switzerland. The differences are obvious in the relationships between the occupational therapy and the work group, and the therapeutic staff. The duties of occupational therapy are more specific and at the same time more catholic. The former are action- and object-related, and the latter are social, administrative and educative. Conflicts between members of the therapeutic team in relation to their roles are made obvious by the present situation in the day hospital. Too much theory in the occupational therapy is inadequate. The occupational therapist is a specialist of application (whatever the theory may be) in the field of non-verbal communication.(The complete paper will be published in 'Psychiatria Clinica'.)


The assessment of structural response induced by earthquakes for both design and evaluation is often made using ground motion intensity measures, IMs, as predictors. The most widely used IM is the spectral acceleration, Sa, at the structure's fundamental period of vibration, T1. Unless the response of the structure is first-mode dominated and not significantly beyond the onset of damage, the response variability for records with the same value of Sa(T1) is still considerable. We investigate whether we can identify "non-stationary" features of near-source, forward-directivity accelerograms that, in addition to Sa, improve structural response estimation. To simplify the search for useful signal characteristics beyond spectral values, the records are compatibilized to a common spectrum prior to use. We show that, for the considered structures, velocity pulse characteristics and record duration do not appreciably improve the accuracy of the response estimates beyond that achieved by using linear elastic spectral values alone. This study also demonstrates that accelerograms cannot be labeled as "aggressive" or "benign" without considering a particular structural vibration period and specific yield strength, Fy. Hence, record characteristics that do not account for T1 and Fy are not likely to be "good" response predictors. For this reason, inelastic spectral displacement and the first significant elastic peak displacement of a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) oscillator of period T1 are more effective structural response predictors.


BAR-NATHAN, R., and GARTNER, J. Hasmonean and Herodian Palaces at Jericho: Final Reports of the - Excavations (Volume V: The Finds from Jericho and Cypros). Israel Exploration Society, Jerusalem. . Received in exchange for review. BERLEJUNG, A., and STREEK, M. P. Arameans, Chaldeans, and Arabs in Babylonia and Palestine in the First Millennium B.C. Harrassowitz Verlag, Wiesbaden. . Price €./£.. BOROWSKI, O. Lahav III: The Iron Age II Cemetery at Tell Halif (Site ). Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake. . Price $.. BROODBANK, C. The Making of the Middle Sea: A History of the Mediterranean from the Beginning to the Emergence of the Classical World. Thames & Hudson, London. . Price £. BUCHANAN, A. Robert Willis (-): and the Foundation of the Architectural History. (The History of the University of Cambridge: Texts and Studies, Volume ) The Buydell Press, Woodbridge. . Presented by author for review. DALMAN, G.Work and Customs in Palestine: Volume I. Translation of the  Georg Olms Verlag (Hildesheim / Zurich) edition, by Nadia Abdulhadi-Sukhtian. Ramallah, Dar Al Nasher. . Price $. FINKELSTEIN, I., USSISHKIN, D., and CLINE, E. H., (eds.)Megiddo V: The - Seasons Volumes I-III. Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake. . Price $.. GHANTOUS, H. The Elisha-Hazael Paradigm and the Kingdom of Israel: The politics of God in Ancient SyriaPalestine. Acumen, Durham. . Price £./$.. KENNEDY, D. L. Settlement and Soldiers in the Roman Near East. Ashgate Publishing Limited, Farnham. . KILLIBREW, A., and, LEHMAN, G. (eds.) The Philistines and Other "Seas Peoples" in Text and Archaeology. Society of Biblical Literature, Altanta. . Price £.. KROPP, A. J. M. Images & Monuments of Near Eastern Dynasts,  BC-AD . Oxford, Oxford University Press. . Price £. PORTER, B. W. Complex Communities: The Archaeology of Early Iron Age West-Central Jordan. The University of Arizona Press, Tucson. . Price $. SEGER, J.D. Gezer VII: The Middle Bronze and Later Fortifications in Fields II, IV, and VIII. Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake. . Price $.. STACEY, D., and DOUDNA, G. Qumran Revisited: A Reassessment of the Archaeology of the Site and its Texts. Archaeopress, Oxford. . Price £.. STERN, E. The Material Culture of the Northern Sea Peoples in Israel. Eisenbrauns, Winona Lake. . Price ..


1. Digital Filters 2. Averaging and Simple Models 3. Random Processes and Fields 4. ARMA Processes 5. Multivariate AR Processes 6. Historical Records 7. The GCM Validation 8. Second Moments of Rain


Objective To discuss the strategies and significance of using plastic surgery techniques to treat a patient who suffered from huge nodular xanthoma on bilateral upper and lower eyelid and from the serious liver dysfunction meanwhile.Methods Firstly the nutrition support therapy was done to improve the basal condition of the patient,and then the positive surgery treatment should be performed as long as the conditions permitted(such as the albumin≥30g/dl and hemoglobin≥7g/dl).Two larger nodule xanthomes grown on the left upper and lower eyelid were moved first,and the wounds following the resection of nodule xanthomes were repaired by full-thick skin graft technique.After being completely healed,the operation on the other side would be performed.Results The two larger nodules grown on left upper and lower eyelid were completely removed,and skin graft survival well.After operation,the movement functions of eyelid was remaind well,and the obstructing the view that caused by the nodule was eliminated completly.There were no postoperative complications such as trichiasis and ectropion.This patient was followed up at 1-year of postoperation,any recurrence of nodule could not be found,and the quality of life of patient was improved greatly,surgery treatment enabled this patient do many things without helps from other people.The patient was very satisfactory and waiting for the next surgery treatment.Conclusions Even if this patient have suffered from serious liver dysfunction,it is necessary to remove the huge nodular xanthoma grown on the eyelids that can make things unconvenient for patient.Excision of huge nodular xanthoma grown on the eyelids can improve quality of life and can reduce the dependence on others in the life and work.So long as there are adequate and detailed preoperative preparations,the operation is safe.


A FEW years ago most educa tors would have sent for a straitjacket if one had said that we could ever see the day that research and other monies would be available in the quan tity that they presently are. In those days persons in education felt that the answer to all their problems would be money to try new things, to implement new ideas. Today nearly the opposite is true. What is most in demand is new ideas, new things to try. Research is no longer a glint in the eye of a college professor, it is a way of educational life; and with the proliferation of new practices and schemes we are faced with the problem of a new stance toward research. How are we to cope with and evaluate this tide of educational inquiry?


This chapter focuses on the analysis of the efforts made by the European Union authorities to encourage companies in the process of promoting sustainable development and involvement in various CSR actions. On the one hand, at the EU level, many regulations provide the general framework for the voluntary development of CSR programs. On the other hand, public institutions are involved in meeting sustainable development objectives set at the European and international levels. The tools are numerous, having a higher degree of adaptability depending on the company size, activities, and origin of the capital. Over time, the concerns of European institutions have intensified and have targeted not only the social responsibility of companies but also of public authorities, which through specific instruments can impose certain conduct on companies. The companies paid particular attention to ensure the communication of the actions taken and the results obtained with different categories of stakeholders.


An analytical solution to 1D coupled water infiltration and deformation in layered soils is derived using a Laplace transformation. Coupling between seepage and deformation, and initial conditions defined by arbitrary continuous pore‐water pressure distributions are considered. The analytical solutions describe the transient pore‐water pressure distributions during 1D, vertical infiltration toward the water table through two‐layer unsaturated soils. The nonlinear coupled formulations are first linearized and transformed into a form that is solvable using a Laplace transformation. The solutions provide a reliable means of comparing the accuracy of various numerical methods. Parameters considered in the coupled analysis include the saturated permeability (ks), desaturation coefficient (α), and saturated volumetric water content (θs) of each soil layer, and antecedent and subsequent rainfall infiltration rates. The analytical solution demonstrates that the coupling of seepage and deformation plays an important role in water infiltration in layered unsaturated soils. A smaller value of α or a smaller absolute value of the elastic modulus of the soil with respect to a change in soil suction (H) for layered unsaturated soils means more marked coupling effect. A smaller absolute value of H of the upper layer soil also tends to cause more marked coupling effect. A large difference between the saturated coefficients of permeability for the top and bottom soil layers leads to reduced rainfall infiltration into the deep soil layer. The initial conditions also play a significant role in the pore‐water pressure redistribution and coupling effect. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


In their 1994 survey of women's suffrage around the globe, Caroline Daley and Melanie Nolan erroneously identified 1949 as "the year" Chinese women gained suffrage rights.1 Most scholars working in Chinese studies also hold this misconception, since 1949 marks the ascension to power of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).2 In fact, Chinese women won suffrage rights in 1947 with the implementation of the Constitution of the Republic of China. This error reflects more than a simple problem of historical method. It reveals two key unstated conventions of the scholarly narrative underpinning studies of women's suffrage around the world. First, the error highlights the importance of temporal closure in our scholarly practicethe narrative of women's suffrage is inscribed along a linear path that ceases at a particular year/month/day when suffrage was won. Second, the mistake points to the dependency of our


Synthesis of the diaminopyridine derivatives 3 and 4 from 2-cyanoacetohydrazide 1 was described. The [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine derivatives 10, 11 and 13-15 were obtained by reaction of 3 with ethyl chloroformate/DMF reagent mixture, acetic anhydride, triethyl orthoformate, -orthoacetate or aromatic aldehydes. Deamination of 3 to the aminopyridine derivatives 17 was carried out. The triazolopyridine derivatives 11 were obtained also in one step synthesis from 2 and N'-acetyl-2-cyanoacetohydrazide 19. Condensation of the thiohydantion 20 with 2 gave pyrano[2,3-d]imidazoles 24.


Although there is a record of the Westinghouse Company having applied for a patent, and possibly having made some tiny flakes of synthetic mica, the first sizable pieces were made by the Germans. Several pieces were produced that measured over four square inches. However, this appears to have been a rare occurrence, and the Germans never got out of the early experimental stages, and did not produce the mica commercially; in fact, no stock of such mica was ever found in Germany, and the fabricators of that product did not know anything about it.


Porous WO 3 films were successfully synthesized by a simple and easy method using polystyrene spheres (PS) as templates. The PS array covered F: SnO 2 coated glass (FTO) as the substrate was first prepared via electrodeposition method. Ordered porous WO 3 films were obtained by electrophoretic deposition in peroxy-tungstic acid sol. The characterization and photo electrochemical properties of samples were investigated. The results show that the porous WO 3 film displays the enhanced performance compared with the compact films without PS templates.


A photonic parallel memory (PPM), which is an array of 32*32 optoelectronic bistable switches, is discussed. The switch consists of a heterojunction phototransistor (HPT) and a light-emitting diode (LED). Optical positive feedback from LED to HPT is the cause of bistability. The PPM can be written in and read out with 1-kb parallel optical signals. The PPM has been fabricated and memory operation has been demonstrated as expected. Dissipation current for a single switch and the input optical power necessary to turn on the switch were 600 mu A and 20 mu W, respectively. A light pulse with a width of 5 ns was able to turn on the switch, and the product of turn-on power and pulsewidth for the short pulse region was 1.5 pJ. >


The accurate characterization of high-power multi-beam laser systems requires an optical streak camera system having a linear dynamic range of 1000. In this paper we wish to show that the classic definition of streak camera dynamic range tells very little about the system linearity. A problem of flare in the recording system limits the linearity to < 100. Data from two commercial streak camera systems is presented.


For the Levichev homogeneous spacetimes of type 2a on the Godel group, the homogeneous Lorentzian structures and the associated reductive decompositions are determined.


Aspects disclosed herein relate to providing peer mode passive communications while accounting for a power level available to operate a NFC device. In the disclosed aspects, a near field communication (NFC) device may be equipped to detect a value for a power level available to operate the NFC device. The NFC device may be further equipped to determine a first duration to allocate for a listening mode and a second duration to allocate for a polling mode based at least in part on the determined available power level value and select a RF discovery loop based on the determined first duration and second duration. The NFC device may be further operable to perform peer mode discovery using the selected RF discovery loop.


A wide range of practical and theoretical interests have found expression in the study of small groups. As the major bibliographic sources (Hare, Borgatta, & Bales, 1955; McGrath, 1957; Strodtbeck & Hare, 1957) amply attest, small group research has proceeded along numerous independent lines. One interest, however, has been dominant for more than 50 years. While phrased in various ways, the relationship between the personality characteristics of the individual and his performance in the group has remained a central concern. There have been at least three conceptual approaches to this problem. One approach considers the individual as having various needs and as being motivated to satisfy some of these needs through interaction with others; the point of interest is the relation between the individual's personality and his goal-directed behavior in groups. In another view, the individual is conceived of as a stimulus, or set of stimuli, for the other members of the group, and the


The invention discloses a method for directly sending instructions by users in computer software, and belongs to the technical field of user interfaces of software in the computer and computer system thereof. The method for directly sending the instructions by the users in the computer software is implemented by an instruction word bank comprising synonyms, an instruction search engine and a dynamic instruction execution module. The instruction search engine searches the instruction word bank and a personal instruction word bank of the user according an instruction input by the user; if a fit instruction is searched out, the instruction is executed directly; if one or more synonymous or similar instructions are searched out, the instructions are provided through a dynamic user interface for the user to select, and are executed; and if the fit instruction or synonymous instruction is not searched out, the information that the input instruction cannot be searched out in the software is displayed to the user. The method simplifies the use of the software, and greatly improves the usability of the computer software.


In this paper, we present a new approach that incorporates semantic information from a document, in the form of Hierarchical Document Signature (HDS), to measure semantic similarity between sentences. Due to variability of expressions of natural language, it is very essential to exploit the semantic properties of a document to accurately identify semantically similar sentences since sentences conveying the same fact or concept may be composed lexically and syntactically different. Inversely, sentences which are lexically common may not necessarily convey the same meaning. This poses a significant impact on many text mining applications performance where sentence-level judgment is involved. Our HDS uses the natural hierarchy of the document and represents it in a modularized form of document level to sentence level, sentence to word level; aggregating similarity components at the lower levels and propagating them to the next higher level to produce the final similarity between sentences. The evaluation of our HDS model has shown that it resembles the decision making process as done by human to a greater extent than different vector space models which only uses 'bag of words' concept.


Physically motivated models of servo control systems with coupled mechanics are required for control design, simulation etc. Often, however, the effort of modelling prohibits these model-based methods in industrial applications. Therefore, all approaches of automatic modelling / model selection are naturally appealing. In this paper a procedure for model selection in frequency domain is proposed that minimizes the Kullback-Leibler distance between model and measurement while considering only those models that are practically identifiable. It aims at mechanical models of servo systems including multiple-mass resonators. Criteria for practical identifiability are derived locally from the sensitivity matrix which is calculated for different formulations of the equation error. In experiments with two industry-like testbeds the methodology proves to reveal the characteristic mechanical properties of the two setups.


In recent years, data traffic over cellular networks has experienced an exponential rise, primarily due to the explosion of smartphones, tablets and laptops. This increase in data traffic on cellular networks has caused an immediate need for offloading traffic for optimum performance of both voice and data services. The paper focuses on the coverage improvements of high floor users by offloading these users to picos. Four antenna patters with different vertical half power beam width are applied in both outband and inband pico scenarios. The simulation results indicate that both outband and inband picos can offload the same amount of high floor users but the outband picos can provide a much better coverage than macros while inband pico cannot significantly improve the coverage performance.


Pipe structure vibrations resulting from flow variations induced by displacement pumps can be problematic for hydraulic fracturing equipment. Multiple displacement pumps create a transient periodic flow velocity profile which is a function of the pump crankshaft phase. Pipe T-Junctions, used in hydraulic fracturing manifolds, with two inlets and one outlet combine the flow of two or more pumps. Research was conducted to study the coupling between flow variations from multiple displacement pumps and vibrations on a T-Junction. The research studied the effects of changing inlet flow phase and T-Junction flow geometry with the goal of reducing the mean and variant forces on the pipe structure. Research was done using transient commercial CFD simulations with fine mesh and a recently developed turbulence model, the Scale Adaptive Solutions (SAS) model. Thousands of time steps were used to model 1-2 periods of the flow output from a displacement pump. The mesh elements used were on the order of one million nodes. Inlet velocity and outlet static pressure boundary conditions were specified. The forces of interest were in the two directions along the axis of the orthogonal pipes and they were calculated by adding the total force exerted on the walls of the structure with the force caused by the static pressure at the inlets and outlets. Changes to the flow geometry included a fixed orifice, helix causing rotating flow, an expansion chamber and a cone shape. The expansion chamber geometry study showed a significant reduction in the forces exerted in the transverse direction and the results showed it was the most favorable geometry for both flow input velocity profiles.


Three extracts of Hibiscus rosasinensis Linn have been prepared and hypotensive activity was evaluated. Hydroalcoholic extract was found to exhibit prominent activity when compared to the reference standard minoxidil followed by chloroform extract. In an attempt to isolate the active constituents responsible for this activity, five new phytoconstituents were isolated and their structures were elucidated from spectral evidence (IR, NMR and Mass spectra). Hypotensive activity of these compounds was also studied.


The objective of this work was to evaluate the environmental distribution of benzo(a)pirene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, by the EQC model. The modeling of the contaminant distribution was accomplished by means of the fugacity model applied to a hypothetical scenario constituted by air, water, soil and sediment. The modeling and simulations revealed that the soil is the preferential compartment. We also discuss the implications of the results about fate and ecological risks associated with benzo(a)pirene. We concluded that the emissions of HPAs can not be ignored and bioaccumulation among others risks can be induced.


In the paper, the authors present some integral inequalities of the Hermite–Hadamard type for s-geometrically convex functions and for the product of two s-geometrically convex functions. 2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 26D15; 26A51; 26D20; 41A55


The water runner robot is designed to run on the surface of water in a manner similar to the basilisk lizard. To do so, it must generate a lift force greater than its weight by slapping and stroking its foot through the water, creating an air cavity in the process. In addition, it must remove its foot before this cavity collapses. Basilisk lizards deal with this problem by folding their feet during retraction from the air cavity to avoid prematurely collapsing the cavity and generating excess drag. Several different passive foot designs for the water runner were analyzed to determine which had the largest lift and created the least amount of drag. Feet with folding sections which collapse during retraction and spring back into place once the foot has exited the water were found to work best. Those feet which allowed air to pass through during retraction provided the least net lift. Elliptic feet with their major axis in line with the direction of running performed better than simple circular feet. Consequences of these results are discussed.


The nano particles Titanium dioxide (TiO2) were prepared using Malonic acid as a ligand and a chemical modifiers in three different mole ratios (2/1, 1/1 and 1/2 of TiCl4 /acid) used to give [Ti2(Mal)(OH)6(EtOH)4](EtOH)2. which characterized by F.T.IR and flame atomic absorption to suggest the type of binding between Ti +4 and the ligand and predict the formula structure . The complex studied theoretically using semi-empirical method of hyper chem. 8.0.3 program (PM3) .After calcination of the samples at three deferent temperature (500,700 and 900)oC the observed TiO2 powders were characterized by X.R.D to determined the anitatse phase ratio in the samples. At 500oC (Ti1:Mal1) sample give 100% anatase phase. At 700oC 88% anatase retention for (Ti1-Mal.1) sample. The (S.E.M) and (A. F.M) were used to study the morphology of the samples and determined the particles size for the samples calcined at 500oC. The photocatlytic studied of these samples calcine at 500,700and 900oC was examined for degradation of Para nitro phenol under Uv-visible light and give a good rate of degradation especially for the samples that have small ratio of rutile.. ةصلاخلا


Common and different morphological aspects, discriminant methods of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), blue tilapia(O. aureus) and their hybrid (O. niloticus♀×O. aureus♂) were reported. Morphological differences of hybrid and their parents were comprehensively analyzed by χ 2-test of 8 meristic characters, and by clustering analysis, discriminant analysis and PCA of 9 metric plus 24 truss network characters. The hybrid resembled blue tilapia from body color, but it resembled Nile tilapia from the results of three multivariate analysis in body shape by different combination of genes. Genetics of body color and body size were controlled by different combination of genes. Discriminant functions were formed to identify Nile tilapia, blue tilapia and their hybrid.


The high-speed rail (HSR) line in South Korea has been in service since 2004 with a maximum design speed and operating speed of 350 km/h and 300 km/h, respectively. Recently, South Korea developed a high-speed electric multiple unit (HEMU-430X, 430-km/h eXperiment) with a maximum design speed and operating speed of 430 km/h and 400 km/h, respectively; the government was waiting for a trial run on a conventional HSR line. This study tried to predict wheel load fluctuation (WLF), one of the key factors affecting acceleration to speeds over 400 km/h. For WLFs to be understood accurately in the high-speed range greater than 400 km/h, field running tests were performed twice with the KTX-Sancheon trains on the Gyeongbu high-speed line. The trains traveled between Gwangmyeong and Daejeon at maximum running speeds of 302 and 335 km/h, respectively, and WLFs were measured with a telemetry system (radio data transmitter and receiver system) at varying speeds. On the basis of probabilistic data analysis with a Gaussian function, the WLF (σ/Pst) normalized nondimensional parameter at speeds of 400 km/h and 500 km/h was modeled into quadratic functions. The WLFs at speeds of 400 km/h and 500 km/h were predicted to be 0.356 and 0.512, respectively. In addition, impacts from structures that greatly affected WLFs, such as turnouts, transition zones, and loose sleepers, were evaluated quantitatively. Of those, turnouts had the greatest impacts on the WLFs.


The availability of networks able to perform control and management operations at unprecedented speeds is a crucial achievement for supporting next-generation Industry 4.0 applications. In particular, the presence of humans interacting with moving objects calls for decisions to be performed at time scales such as to ensure achieving the specific requirements identified by standardization bodies for the industrial sector in Beyond-5G environments. Among these specific Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), network reliability must be carefully pondered to guarantee the safety of the human operators at any time while investing the proper level of resources. For this reason, this paper presents an optimization problem that finds the best set of redundant radio bearers for each User Equipment (UE) in the factory area while accounting for the resource usage. Such problem extends the current specification on redundant transmissions. Several heuristics have been designed to achieve the desired time scales that could not be fulfilled with an exhaustive search. Results show that the optimization algorithm and the heuristics provide the same outcomes in terms of selected bearers and loss rates, but the latter do so at significantly more stringent time scales.


Solid-state based coupled electron waveguide (CEW) is one of the suggested approaches to realize a Qubit for futuristic quantum computing purposes. Its functionality is based on coherent switching and superposition of electron wavefunction over two coupled quantum wires. Conceptually it is the simplest approach (relatively), however there are a multitude of effects which interfere with the actual phenomenon and complicate any experimental analysis. This paper reports on the influence of measurement setup, device structure, and operating region.


We attempt to assess the commercial potential for Bamboo products in India, based upon a compilation of secondary review of data and personal communications with various stakeholders involved. It also attempts to present an account of the value chain for Bamboo products in India, and presents the challenges in the sector within the framework of the Production-to-Consumption System. It is discovered that Bamboo products possess a large potential domestic market base; further, an even larger export market currently dominated by China exists, which may be tapped through industrialisation of the sector. A wide multitude of challenges exist at each stage in the Production-to-Consumption System, many of them being legislative and regulatory in nature, while many others relate to improper and insufficient implementation of existing programmes. A framework of proposals is laid out in the paper for taking care of each challenge individually, and also identifying the competent authority to deal with the issue.


This is a case report on a nulliparous Toggenbourg goat, one year of age that, after being submitted to superovulation with human menopause gonadotrophin, presented mammogenesis and lactogenesis. Both neoformed mammary glands were naturally infected with β-hemolytic Staphylococcus aureus and evolved clinically in different forms. The left half evolved to acute catarrhal mastitis that responded positively to treatment using sodium cloxacillin, whereas right mammary gland evolved to phlegmonous gangrenous mastitis, with teat loss. The mammary tissue remaining had to be surgically removed. The present report emphasizes that multi-tissue effect should not be ignored when hormonal therapy is used. The potential risk of induced mammogenesis in nulliparous animals and the nosological diversity that mastitis may present should be considered, once the etiological agent and host were the same, and different inflammatory responses were observed in the two halves.


The naturally occurring polyphenol resveratrol (3,4′,5‐trihydroxy‐stilbene, 3,4′,5‐HS, RES) was shown as chemopreventive and proapototic agent. RES also undergoes monohydroxylation by CYP1B1 to form 3,3′,4′,5‐HS and 3,4,4′,5‐HS, metabolites with higher anticancer activity and stronger antioxidant properties. It was therefore hypothesized that RES analogues (RA) possessing more then 3 hydroxyl groups may act stronger against cancer cells than RES. In order to investigate a structure‐activity relationship between pro/antioxidant properties and cytotoxicity, the following RA with at least 2 phenolic groups in neighborhood: 3,3′,4′,5‐HS, 3,3′,4,4′,5,5′‐HS and the compounds without such a structure: RES and 3,3′,5,5′‐HS, were synthesized. It was previously shown by our group that the cytotoxiciy of RA correlates with the formation of antioxidant‐derived prooxidants when at least two hydroxyl groups are present in neighboring positions forming as a result of their redox‐cycling superoxide radical. In the present work we tested this hypothesis in cell culture system using HeLa and C33A cancer cell lines. It was shown that MnSOD overexpressing HeLa cells are much more resistant to superoxide generating RA than C33A cells.


With a kind of POM bar stock in the NC lathe to realize batch processing as an example, this paper introduces a design of the feeder using the premise of programming to achieve POM bar stock fast installating and clamping. It also puts forward some thoughts and methods for the fixture in the NC lathe that can effectively reduce the labor intensity and improve the productivity of labour.


This work was funded by the Medical Research Council (UK)intramural program MC-A060-5PQ10. The author was supported by the Gates Cambridge Trust


The services we use on our day-to-day life like ATM will raise a confidence that it is safe to use for daily transactions that have withdrawals, balance enquiry and take care of all other transactions ATM machine reads the card, which could be Savings or Current accounts. After verification process one can withdraw or transfer or deposit the amount. In such situations, some fraud may occur where some individuals notice others ATM account details and perform transaction process. To overcome such disturbances Biometrics can be applied. Every individual can perform his/her transactional process with Two step verification process i.e., with pin number and biometric verification process. In this way, for some extent the ATM account fraud can be controlled.


Simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers were adopted to evaluate genetic diversity of 43 accessions of Zhejiang barley landraces with different resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB). Totally 87 alleles were re ̄ vealed among the landraces with 29 polymorphic SSR markersꎬ2 ̄9 alleles could be detected at different SSR locusꎬ with average of 3 alleles per SSR marker. The average polymorphism information content (PIC )was 0􀆰 3509ꎬShan ̄ non′s information index ( I) was 0􀆰 6951ꎬand Nei′s gene diversity (H ) was 0􀆰 4268. Based on the data of SSRꎬthe genetic similarity among 43 barley landraces was calculated. The mean of genetic similarity (GS) was 0􀆰 467ꎬvar ̄ ying from 0􀆰 082 to 0􀆰 986. Cluster analysis showed that all the landraces were divided into 4 groups. Abundant ge ̄ netic diversity was observed among them and the genetic basis of two ̄rowed accessions varied greater than that of six ̄rowed ones. Great genetic variation was also detected in FHB resistant and moderately ̄resistant landraces. The results of principal component analysis and cluster analysis revealed that the genetic relationship among these land ̄ races was not in accord with their geographical origins.


The utility model relates to an ophthalmic emergency treatment cart, which comprises a cart body provided with wheels and a push handrail, wherein the top surface of the cart body is provided with a grid medicine shelf. The utility model is characterized in that an upper layer of wide drawer and a lower layer of wide drawer which adapt to the width of the cart body are arranged under the grid medicine shelf of the cart body; a left part and a right part are divided by a partition board under the lower layer of wide drawer of the cart body; the left side part of the partition board is at least provided with two layers of small drawers, and the right side part of the partition board is a storage cabinet with a cabinet door; one side of the cart body is provided with a folding tablet parallel to the surface of the grid medicine shelf; the back surface of the cart body is provided with a withdrawable rescue board; and a rear corner of the cart body is provided with an infusion stand. The ophthalmic emergency treatment cart has a reasonable structure, emergency treatment medicines, medicines and necessary devices are integrated in the treatment cart, and the emergency treatment medicines in the cart are arranged in different grids horizontally, so that emergency treatment medicines in the conventional emergency treatment cart are arranged on a top cover and are crushed and scattered easily is avoided, and the medicines are convenient to identify, take and place so as to ensure timely and efficient rescue operation on critical patients in wards, operating rooms or clinics.


To evaluate a contemporary series of patients with incidental prostate cancer detected by transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP).


Introduction: the aging process is related to the multidimensional changes that converge on the involvement of disability and caring dependency, thus corroborating with the loss of independence in older people. Active aging emerges as a strategy to achieve the quality of life, being permeated and influenced by determinant factors such as personal and behavioral.Objective: measure the determinants factors personal and behavioral of active aging among the elderly. Methods: a descriptive and exploratory study with a quantitative approach, developed with assisted elderly in the Integral Care Center for Elderly Health in the city of Joao Pessoa, PB, Brazil. The sample consisted by 235 elderly. Data collection was conducted from October to December 2014, through interviews subsidized by a structured instrument covering related information to the proposed objective. Data were analyzed from the quantitative approach using descriptive statistics of unvaried nature for both variables, including frequency measures, from position and dispersion. To do this, was used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Computer System - SPSS version 20.0.Results: it was verified that the majority of the sample were female (68.1%) with a predominance of the age group from 60 to 69 (59.1%). As for the personal determinants was found the hypertension (28.4%), osteoporosis (20.4%) and arthritis (19.2%) as the most prevalent morbidities, in addition to the falls occurrence (41.5%) in the last twelve months. A high living satisfaction (44.7%), and leisure activities execution, such as watching television (38.5%), listening to the radio (26.3%) and reading newspapers or magazines (20.5%) was also observed. As regards to the behavioral determinants, it was found that most elderly had never smoked (54%), or consumed alcohol (90.2%), and made use of diet (28.8%) and healthy food (26.7%). However, most did not practice physical exercise (60%) and used one to two drugs per day (38.6%). Conclusion: it was verified the prevalence of personal and behavioral determinants more frequently among women and young adults, allowing thereby the expanding about active aging, as well as reflection, discussion and planning of actions and cares directed to this population.


Efficient bone marrow (BM) homing is a prerequisite for successful engraftment of transplanted hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC). Contradictory conclusions about the dependence of homing on SDF-1/CXCR4 have clouded our understanding of its participation in homing and cooperation with other defined molecular pathways. Based on the principle that homing is the coordinated outcome of several pathways, we sought to unravel cooperative and compensatory molecular mechanisms guiding BM homing of BM-HPC. BM homing of fresh BM-HPC does not require SDF-1/CXCR4 or other Gi-protein signals, since fresh BM-HPC rendered either SDF-1 unresponsive (by AMD3100, evaluated 3h after transplantation) or Gi-signaling refractory (by Pertussis toxin (PTX), evaluated 18h after transplantation) homed similarly to untreated control BM-HPC (0.56±0.03% vs. 0.60±0.01% of injected CFU-C recovered per femur (−/+AMD3100 @3h); 0.89±0.08% vs. 0.80±0.07% (−/+PTX @18h)). This was likely due to compensation by α4-integrin interacting with VCAM-1: a contribution of SDF-1/CXCR4- or Gi-protein-mediated signals to BM homing became apparent when inhibition was exerted on α4−/− HPC, significantly augmenting the intrinsic homing defect of α4−/− HPC (0.31±0.02% vs. 0.11±0.03% (−/+AMD3100 @3h); 0.52±0.08% vs. 0.02±0.01% (−/+PTX @18h) (p


Child maltreatment is a public health problem worldwide; that does not discriminate neither by age, race, education or religion; with figures in recent years that alert health professionals. This work aims to highlight the role of nursing and those fundamental aspects within the multidisciplinary team that deals with the detection of cases of child abuse. We analyzed the magnitude of the problem and those aspects of nursing work related to their educational, ethical and occupational field that provide useful tools for their approach. The information was gathered with a review of the literature in different primary sources and databases, grouping the data obtained that relate the child abuse and the role of nursing in its approach. The following findings stand out. Nursing is directly responsible for a case of child maltreatment, in the same way as other health problems, being the only agent that intervenes in the detection, depending on the circumstances. Abuse is a public health problem that must be addressed comprehensively, requires the intervention of various sectors and multidisciplinary action. Nursing should act in a similar way to other health problems; we must prevent, detect early, suspect a diagnosis based on symptoms, work in a multidisciplinary team, communicate and protect. It is reflected after reviewing the literature for this work, which is essential, to look for specific models of care according to the needs of each workplace, identify what activities are specific to nursing and what responsibility should be assumed for the care of a minor victim of abuse.


Visible light communication (VLC) has emerged as a promising technology for 5G and beyond communication networks in the last few years. In this paper, a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) VLC system using angular diversity receiver is proposed. In particular, the repetition coding is adopted at the transmitter and receiver diversity schemes, i.e. maximum-ratio combining (MRC), equal gain combining (EGC) and selection best combining (SBC), are adopted at the receiver for further performance enhancement. The closed-form expressions for average error probability of the proposed system are derived in the presence of imperfect channel state information (CSI). This research investigates that the increment in SNR is not sufficient to offset the effect of channel estimation error especially at high estimation error. The error performance analysis of the proposed MIMO–VLC system with and without estimation error is presented for different receiver locations and semi-half angles of the transmitting light emitting diodes (LEDs). Analytical results are verified with the simulation results.


We study a completely uncoupled resource allocation algorithm for a heterogeneous network with the objective of maximizing the sum of the utilities (on the average pay-off) of users. We consider a state-dependent network, where the pay-off achieved by the users are a function of their actions as well as the state of the system. We consider four different scenarios depending on the state evolution and the users' knowledge of the system state. In this context, we present completely uncoupled algorithms for utility maximization, where the users' action is entirely a function of its past actions and its received pay-off. In particular, the user is oblivious to the actions of the other users in the network. Using the theory of perturbed Markov chains, we show the optimality of our algorithms under appropriate scenarios.


The essay develops the notions of sublime in Pseudo-Longinus, Burke and Kant. The main thesis is that the Kantian sublime has got a systematic essence, which makes it impossible to employ this philosophical concept in the art criticism and production, as Barnett Newman tried to do in the '80s.


Salen[N,N′-ethylenebis(salicylideneamino)] iron(Ⅱ) complexes[hereafter referred to as Fesalen] have been synthesized within the "bottle" cavity of dehydrated zeolite MCM-22 by the flexible method and characterized by physicochemical methods The results have shown that the Fesalen complexes have stoichiometrical formed in zeolite MCM-22 The oxidation property of the Fesalen in zeolite MCM-22 was reported


When a crisis or a disaster occurs, first responders, news agencies and the victims often use social media to disseminate situational information. However, authorities involved in disaster management are still not comfortable in using social media data to take decision, since right kind of situational information in a consistent manner is difficult to extract from the unstructured and often unreliable social media posts. To get meaningful data from people at disaster site, we propose a system framework and a research prototype that uses interactive crowdsourcing using SMS and Twitter to collect data form the "crowd" at disaster site. We define crowdsourcing in this context as an adaptive process that relies on an interactive dialogue between our system and each member of the crowd (disaster victims/ volunteers/ first responders) willing to contribute consistent information that would help the system to build a structured repository of information. The same repository can be used to take decision and answer users' queries on specific issues related to that disaster. Experiments have been performed using both SMS and Twitter in the context of recent earthquake at Nepal to validate our system and demonstrate that interactive crowdsourcing is helpful in decision making to manage disaster.


A central Queensland crocodile farmer says residents living in 'croc country' should be aware when they head out on the water this summer.


The results are reported of the experimental application of Mechanical Vapour Compression (MVC) to the concentration of different liquid foods (apple juice, rectified grape must, tomato juice, orange juice, dealcoholized yeast). In order to promote MVC in the food industry, ENEL Holding, in collaboration with Enel Distribution, Stazione Sperimentale per l'Industria della Conserve Alimentari (SSICA) and CESI, in 2001 developed a small transportable demonstration pilot plant, manufactured by FBR-Elpo, having a capacity of about 100 kg/h evaporated water, which uses an electric resistance heater for the start and the compensation of thermal dispersions. An analysis bf the experimental data shows that, when products are highly concentrated, as a result of the more marked ebullioscopic increase and, above all, of the progressive fouling of the system, heat exchange become less efficient and thus the exchanger requires higher AT values; this involves more elevated compression ratios and therefore greater compression energy consumption. However, it is confirmed that in all trials performed compressor efficiency increases with increasing concentration, because compression ratio approximates the optimum value, i.e. 2.


A development plan for 1 GHz class NMR magnets established and implemented at the Tsukuba Magnet Laboratory since 1995 is described. In addition, a NMR facility based on the Japanese genome science plan is introduced in relation to the 1 GHz NMR magnet project.


An abrupt first-order metal-insulator transition (MIT) without structural phase transition is first observed by current-voltage measurements and micro-Raman scattering experiments, when a DC electric field is applied to a Mott insulator VO_2 based two-terminal device. An abrupt current jump is measured at a critical electric field. The Raman-shift frequency and the bandwidth of the most predominant Raman-active A_g mode, excited by the electric field, do not change through the abrupt MIT, while, they, excited by temperature, pronouncedly soften and damp (structural MIT), respectively. This structural MIT is found to occur secondarily.


Diffusion noise and Nyquist noise on fractal lattices and percolation clusters are discussed in the highand low-frequency limits. Diffusion noise can also be considered as a sort of "1/f noise. " Even for system sizes much larger than the correlation length, the fractal structure of the percolation clusters reveals itself at sufficiently high frequencies through the anomalous frequency dependence f "+@~"+e',where 8 is the anomalous diffusion exponent. This law takes the 1/f form in the large-8 limit and reduces to the universal Lax-Mengert law f ' in the case of ordinary diffusion (8=0). The new inequality —PL ~2 for the localization P function of certain fractals is also derived. The corresponding inequality for percolation clusters is t/v g d where t is the conductivity exponent and v the correlation length exponent.


Chrysanthemum is a traditional famous flower in China and one of the most important global cut flowers.Chrysanthemum has been cultivated all over the world. Such aspects as in vitro culture of different varieties,organ culture,somatic embryogenesis,and virus elimination,cultivation condition,rooting,domestication,transplanting,germplasm in vitro preservation in tissue culture of chrysanthemum were summarized. Coordination should be strengthened between tissue culture company and high university or research units so as to promote the technologies of tissue culture of chrysanthemum.


Automatic parking of a car-like robot in the presence of a priori unknown obstacles is the topic of the paper. This problem is solved by means of a bio-inspired approach in which the robot controller does not need to know the car kinematics and dynamics, neither does it call for a priori knowledge of the environment map. The key point in the proposed approach is the definition of performance indexes that for automatic parking happen to be functions of the strategic orientations to be injected, in real time, to the robot controller. This solution leads to a dynamical multicriteria optimization problem, which is extremely hard to be dealt with analytically. A genetic algorithm is therefore applied. The results of computer simulations are finally discussed.


The direct upgrading process from heavy crude oil to sweet and light oil (IKC process) has been deve-loped for about 10 years in Idemitsu Kosan. Compared with conventional refinery scheme consisting of YR-HDS, VGOHYC and so on, the new refinery scheme combined with IKC process and Topper was always economically feasible with lower cost and smaller energy consumption. In the existing refinery of no middle distillate HDS and residue HDS of HYC plants to supplement IKC process is expected to be one of the efficient methods to cope with the environmental regulations.


Vacuum UV Spectroscopic Ellipsometry and X-Ray Reflectance combined on the same platform for the characterization of high-k gate dielectrics. Christophe DEFRANOUX, Alexis BONDAZ, Laurent KITZINGER, Jean Philippe PIEL. SOPRA 26 rue Pierre Joigneaux, 92270 Bois-Colombes, France firstname.lastname@example.com . New high-k dielectric materials are intensively investigated to replace the silicon dioxide as gate dielectric in the next generations of electronic devices. The layer thickness which will be used in the future devices is of the order of some nanometers and a precise control of this critical stage of the process will be mandatory. In this respect, spectroscopic ellipsometry has long been recognized as a powerful technique for thin film characterization and is now used routinely to control thin films and multilayers at different stages of the device fabrication process. For very thin layers like for high-k dielectrics, the interface property plays a key role in the device. A precise physical model is then needed to extract accurate information from ellipsometry. In addition, since these layers are completely transparent in the visible and UV range, the correlation between thickness and refractive index is very high and so, structural and thickness information cannot be extracted independently with standard ellipsometry.


Many regulation-factors related to cell cycle such as cell division cycle genes (cdc) and cyclin-dependent kinases(CDKs) have been determined.Here we review the progress in research on APC-anaphase-promoting complex.APC is a component of Ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.APC degrades Cyclin and CDKs and leads directly to cyclical changes.G1-CDKs and M-CDKs triggers the activity of APC.The activation of APC requires the protein cdc20.APC with many cell-cycle factor in turn triggers cell cycle changes.


— Karyotyping involves the visualization and clas- sification of chromosomes into standard classes. In "normal" human metaphase spreads, chromosomes occur in homologous pairs for the autosomal classes 1–22, and X chromosome for females. Many existing approaches for performing automated human chrom osome image analysis presuppose cell normalcy, containing 46 chromosomes within a metaphase spread with two chromosomes per class. This is an acceptable assumption for routine automated chromosome image analysis. However, many genetic abnormalities are directly linked to structural or numerical aberrations of chromosomes within the metaphase spread. Thus, two chromosomes per class cannot be assumed for anomaly analysis. This paper presents the development of image analysis techniques which are extendible to detecting numerical aberrations evolving from structural abnormalities. Specifically, an approach to identifying "normal" chromosomes from selected class(es) within a metaphase spread is presented. Chromosome assignment to a specific class is initially based on neural networks, followed by banding pattern and centromeric index criteria checking, and concluding with homologue matching. Experimental results are presented comparing neural networks as the sole classifier to our homologue matcher for identifying class 17 within normal and abnormal metaphase spreads.


Gastric emptying is a complex process and makes in vivo performance of the drug delivery systems uncertain. In order to avoid this variability, efforts have been made to increase the retention time of the drug-delivery systems for more than 12 hours. The floating or hydrodynamically controlled drug delivery systems are useful in such application. The present review addresses briefly about the floating drug delivery systems.


This research has the objective of "analyzing the research-based learning of university students in autonomous and teamwork". It is supported by theoretical contributions by Nerici (1990), Villarini (1995), Blackmore (2007), Penaherrera et al.(2014), Hortiguela et al.(2015). Next, the student is analyzed as the protagonist of the management of his/her learning in which he/she acquires knowledge (conceptual), skills (methodological-procedural) and attitudes (being-value-act). In the classroom, three moments of research-based learning are presented: beginning (conjectures-propositional thinking), development (approach to the state of the art) and closing (problem solving), i.e.the student learns to learn in creative way of working with autonomous and team work - intra and interpersonal skills.


cities. One of the most promising ideas to counteract this problem is the combination of on-demand services with autonomous vehicles, which we call "robo-taxis". If the robo-taxis themselves and the service behind are well designed, shared and autonomous robo-taxis can become more convenient than private cars, paving the way for a significant reduction of vehicles on the road. Porta (Mobility expert at AMAT) for sharing their visions on urban mobility with us, and for valuable and fruitful discussions on our robo-taxi approach and the simulation results.


Optical fiber strain sensors, in particular, the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) type, are widely applied in different applications. The most common installation method is surface-attached. In principle, the optical fiber strain sensor with adequate sampling and signal processing techniques is usually more accurate than electrical resistive strain gauge. However, the strain of the surface of structure may not transfer to the sensing element perfectly. The ratio between the measured and actual strain can be correlated by a strain transfer factor (STF). However, it depends on the material and geometrical properties of the optical fiber and adhesive. It is noneconomical and impractical to measure the STF for every installed sensor. It is desirable to identify the most of the sensitive parameters on the variation of the STF so that the quality control and assurance procedure can be performed more efficiently. In this paper, a quantitative global sensitivity analysis, called extended Fourier amplitude sensitivity test will be performed to compute the first-order and total sensitivity indexes based on a well-established semi-analytical/empirical mechanical model of three material and five geometrical parameters of both integral and optical FBG type optical fiber strain sensor with two different kinds of polymeric coating under three types of strain field in 16 different configurations. From the detail analysis, the most of the sensitive parameters on the STF are bond length, the thickness of adhesive beneath the optical fiber and the deviation of grating position, which are related to workmanship instead of the material properties of the optical fiber and adhesive.


Tales of theatrical rivalry make fascinating reading, whether fictional, as in All About Eve, or real, such as the struggles between New York's old Academy of Music and the newly founded Metropolitan Opera in the 1880s and a few years later between the Met and Oscar Hammerstein's upstart Manhattan Opera, or the competition between the de Basil and the Massine companies in London during the summer of 1938. But few such rivalries were fiercer than the one between the King's Theatre, Haymarket, London's opera house, and the Pantheon Opera, which erupted in London in 1789, involving the fiery destruction of first one and then the other theatre (the latter perhaps arson), the hasty rebuilding of an enormous theatre, conflicting seasons by two opera companies and ballet troupes, and behind-the-scene machinations by some of Britain's highest dignitaries. Ninette de Valois recreated this struggle in her fondly remembered 1940 ballet The Prospect Before Us, but the full story has only now been explored in two substantial volumes by a small team of


Recent phylogenetic analyses of the tribe Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) elucidated a well-supported but internally unresolved crown group comprising Schismatoglottis sarikeensis (Bogner & M.Hotta) A.Hay & Bogner, previously placed in the genus Hottarum Bogner & Nicolson, the genus Phymatarum M.Hotta, and a number of species either novel or hitherto placed in Schismatoglottis Zoll. & Moritzi. The clade is particularly interesting in that it is centred in northern central Sarawak (Malaysian Borneo), north of the Lupar Divide and appears to represent an autochthonous radiation point for evolutionary activity isolated from the major tribal radiations in south-western Sarawak. Former Hottarum species (with the exclusion of H. truncatum) transferred to Piptospatha and Schismatoglottis are misplaced. All except Bakoa lucens (Bogner) P.C.Boyce & S.Y.Wong belong to this supra-Lupar Divide grouping. This study was undertaken to test the validity and phylogeny of the genus Hottarum utilising the nuclear ITS region.


In cerebellar slices, the lowering of oxygen availability, obtained by bubbling N2 in the medium, reduced the incorporation of radioactive serine into phosphatidylserine (PtdSer). CPCCOEt, an antagonist of metabotropic glutamate receptors type 1 (mGluR1) counteracted the effect, whereas antagonists of NMDA or AMPA receptors were ineffective. In oxygenated slices, agonists of Group I mGluRs, which include mGluR1, inhibited PtdSer synthesis. This effect was also counteracted by CPCCOEt. These findings indicate that glutamate inhibits PtdSer synthesis by acting on mGluR1. This could be important in relation to the known release of glutamate in hypoxia–ischaemia conditions. In cerebellar Purkinje cells, mGluR1 are involved in the generation of mGluR‐EPSP evoked by parallel fibre stimulation. The administration of l‐serine to cerebellar slices reduced in a dose‐dependent manner the mGluR‐EPSP evoked by parallel fibre stimulation. The effect was mostly due to the increased synthesis of PtdSer. Thus inhibition of PtdSer synthesis, mediated by mGluR1, may participate in the generation of mGluR‐EPSP.


Internal and external balance are the twins goals of traditional Keynesian macroeconomic policy. New classical economists question whether either of these are related to welfare, since employment fluctuations may be Pareto-efficient, while the current-account balance is perceived as the outcome of saving and investment decisions by intertemporally-optimising agents. The present paper shows, however, that the current-account effects and welfare effects of various types of fiscal policy are directly related within the New Classical model, so that the response of the current account can be used to elicit information about the optimality or otherwise of government spending. The equilibrium approach therefore provides a microfoundation for "external balance" as an intermediate target for fiscal spending.


The Gaussian assumption on lateral impurities concentration distribution of continuous single plume at long distances on mesoscale is examined with data obtained at Mt. Isa, Australia for 3 years. In flat terrain the average of skewness of lateral impurities concentration profiles at various distances is zero and the value of skewness for successive plume varies significantly with distance but varies around zero. The profiles are somewhat flatter than Gaussian distribution. The kurtosis of them appears not to be significantly affected by terrain as long as plumes travel at high level compared with surface. The Gaussian assumption on lateral impurities concentration distribution of continuous single plume on the mesoscale may be statistically acceptable.


FIELD: communication systems. SUBSTANCE: method includes measuring paging intensity, and adjusting SIB7 or SIB14 repetition period based on the measured paging intensity to reduce call setup time. In one aspect, a paging intensity threshold is determined based on the measured paging intensity, and the paging intensity threshold is used to adjust the SIB7 or SIB14 repetition period. EFFECT: reduced call setup delay for wireless devices. 35 cl, 10 dwg


SUMMARY

The number of palisade mesophyll cells per unit area leaf lamina was related to the growth potential of apple rootstocks covering a wide range of vigour. The number of these cells per unit leaf surface depends on cell diameter, the number of layers of palisade, and the amount of intercellular airspace. In composite, grafted trees rootstock influence was observed on the leaf structure of scions of low, or intermediate, growth potential.


ABSTRACT Andrew Sherratt's 'Water, soil and seasonality', World Archaeology (1980), signposted a long-term debate surrounding early farming adaptations to riverine landscapes in western Asia and Europe. Recent research at Çatalhöyük in central Anatolia, a key case study in Sherratt's 'floodplain cultivation' model, enables integrated, evidence-based assessment of the local hydrology and agroecology, and of farmers' resilience over more than a millennium. In contrast to previous models, the agroecological niche at Çatalhöyük featured strategic planting of diverse crops across a range of hydrological conditions, within and beyond a broad 'belt' of small anastomosing river channels extending a kilometre from the site. Growing conditions likely depended on location relative to settlement, a nutrient-rich 'hot spot', with diminishing inputs of organic matter and mechanical disturbance away from the tell. This reconstruction contrasts with the original model of 'floodplain cultivation' and demonstrates the complexity with which agroecologies evolved through landscape affordances, creative cropping, and resilience.


0. Introduction This paper stems from our attempt to understand Drinfeld's construction (cf. Dr2]) of special solutions of the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation (cf. K-Z]) with some prescribed asymptotic behavior and its consequences for some universal constructions associated to braiding: universal unipotent monodromy representations of braid groups, the construction of a universal Vassiliev invariant for knots, braided categories etc.. The K-Z connection is a special at meromorphic connection on C n with simple poles on a family of hyperplanes. It turns out that the prescription of the as-ymptotic behavior for such connections is controlled by the geometry of a suitable modiication of C n in which the union of the polar hyperplanes is replaced by a divisor with normal crossings (cf. Ke]). In the process of developing this geometry, we realized that our constructions could be developed more generally for subspace arrangements and the more general results obtained are contained in our paper: \A wonderful model for the complement of subspaces" D-P1] of which this is partly a continuation although most of the general results of that paper are not needed. In the rst section we recall a few deenitions and facts which in this paper we only need in the special case of a complement of hyperplanes. The main part of this paper is devoted to discuss the holonomy equation, the universal unipotent monodromy representations of braid groups and the computation of the universal Vassiliev invariant. In this part we try to give a uniform geometric approach to several constructions which are discussed in the literature with a more categorical point of view. Let us explain in more detail our results. To a family of hyperplanes there is an associated formal connection and equation of parallel transport generalizing the Kniznik-Zamolodchikov equation (K-Z for short). For the K-Z equation one considers the 1-form: (0.1) := 1 2i X i<j t ij d log(z i ? z j);


In this paper a specific construction method based on the NS-2 software environment was studied to simulate the inter-car communication and constitutes. And the implementation methods of inter-car communication were described. The simulation traffic environment what we have described have good use to the research of relate technologies in the intelligent transportation systems such as inter-car etc., and have a important meaning to the simulation experiment of inter-car and algorithm.


The oxidation of propene at Ag(100), Ag(100)–Cs, and Cs surfaces has been investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in the temperature range 80–298 K. The atomically clean Ag(100) surface is unreactive, while cesium surfaces effect mainly dehydrogenation or selective oxidation with some metal–carbon bond formation, but with complete oxidation a minor pathway. Partially cesiated Ag(100) surfaces, on the other hand, result in complete oxidation to give surface carbonate at 160 K. Two key intermediates responsible for the alternative reaction pathways have been delineated through their very different, but characteristic, C(1s) spectra at 80 K.


The purpose of this paper is to propose a simple and practical model in order to measure economic benefits of flood control works. This model estimates a change in both capital gain and land use due to the flood control works. Our approach is to forecast a change in land use in a small zone by adopting a growth curve method to express the difference in urbanzation between with and without the project. At the same time our model adopts a hedonic land price function which includes valuables of urbanzation and the safety level of flood. Applying this model to the S river flood control works, the benefit measured by land price change amounts to the 300 billion yen which is 10 times of its investment cost. Also comparing this result with the damage cost of 100 billion yen measured by the conventional property value method, it turns out that the indirect effect will be 2/3 of total benefits.


The development of conductive polyaniline (PANI) membrane doped with copper(II) oxide (CuO) by means of the photopolymerization method has been successfully carried out. The photocurable PANI polymeric material was synthesized by mixing 0.011 g of aniline monomer with 0.016 g of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) crosslinker, 0.021 g of dimethoxy phenylacetophenone (DMPP) photoinitiator and 0.026 g of CuO dopant. The electrical conductivity analysis showed that the as-synthesized CuO-doped PANI (PANI/CuO) film possessed an optimum electrical conductivity value of 39.81×10 -3 S cm -1 at the dopant loading of 0.011 g CuO. Chemical elucidation by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed that the PANI/CuO conducting material with several main functional groups e.g., N-H, C-H, C-N, C=C, C=N, C-O and C=O chemical bonds were identified. Meanwhile, optical characterization of the resulting PANI/CuO membrane by using UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectrophotometer (DR/UV-vis) showed that PANI underwent electron transition π-π* (C=C) at a wavelength of 324 nm, and band gap values of 2.35 eV, 1.33 eV, 1.39 eV, 1.42 eV, 1.42 eV, and 1.50 eV for PANI, PANI/CuO 0.011 g, PANI/CuO 0.016 g, PANI/CuO 0.021 g, PANI/CuO 0.026 g, and CuO, respectively.


Electrochemical properties of delphinidin, cyanidin, pelargonidin, kuromanin and callistephin were investigated by cyclic and differential pulse voltammetries at different pH values and also in methanol. On the basis of oxidation potentials, the order of antioxidant activity for anthocyanidins is delphinidin > cyanidin > pelargonidin. Oxidation peaks for anthocyanins (kuromanin and callistephin) are shifted to more positive potentials compared to anthocyanidins (delphinidin, cyanidin and pelargonidin). Oxidation peak currents are linearly dependent on the square root of the scan rate, which is typical of a diffusion controlled electrochemical process. Antioxidant activities of the compounds were evaluated using the 1,1 -diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging method and they are directly related to their redox potential values. The order of the antioxidant activity is delphinidin > cyanidin > pelargonidin > kuromanin > callistephin.


A microwave photonic signal processor for arbitrary microwave waveform generation and pulse compression based on a microwave photonic filter (MPF) and a time reversal module (TRM) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In the proposed signal processor, an arbitrary microwave waveform is generated by allowing an ultrashort microwave pulse to pass through an MPF and a TRM, to get a microwave waveform to have a spectrum that is the complex conjugate of the spectral response of the MPF. When the generated microwave waveform is transmitted and received, by passing the received microwave waveform through the same MPF, matched filtering is performed and the microwave waveform is compressed. The proposed microwave photonic signal processor is verified by two experiments, in which a linearly chirped microwave waveform (LCMW) with a bandwidth of 7.7 GHz and a 7-bit phase-coded microwave waveform (PCMW) with a carrier frequency of 4.08 GHz are generated and compressed. The temporal durations of the generated LCMW and PCMW are 5.57 and 5.4 ns, respectively, and the widths of the compressed pulses are 0.27 and 0.58 ns, corresponding to pulse compression ratios of 20.6 and 9.3, respectively.


The LHCb detector upgrade [1] foresees a new trigger-less readout system operating at 40 MHz. A new muon readout system, based on the nSYNC radiation tolerant ASIC [2] , [3] developed in the UMC 130 nm technology, will be installed and commissioned in 2019-20. The nSYNC chip implements all the required functionalities required: data alignment, time measurement of arriving signals from the front-end electronics using fully digital TDCs, data zero suppression. At the nominal luminosity, and during the ten years of upgrade operation, the chip will be exposed to a total dose of 130 Gy and fluence of 2 • 10 12 cm −2 1MeV neutrons equivalent, in the regions with the highest radiation levels. To guarantee a proper operation in these conditions the most sensitive functional blocks of the chip have been equipped with a triple modular redundancy system (TMR) and with error detection and correction system (EDAC) based on the Hamming code.


Project (M.B.A.)--American University of Beirut, Suliman S. Olayan School of Business, 2012.;"First Reader : Dr. Salim Chahine, Professor, Suliman S. Olayan School of Business Second Reader : Dr. Riad Obegi, Chairman, Banque BEMO s.a.l."


The words ? ?strategic?, ?scanning? ? have to be redefined when applied to small business firms. Indeed, the specific nature of the entrepreneurial firms requires challenging managerial definitions of SME. That specificity is primarily due to the central role of the entrepreneur. Thus, researchers on the small entrepreneur must refer to pragmatic topics. Scanning practices are based on percepts, inside and outside the firm. They comprise a large span of environmental data, always evolving and changing with the time. Pragmatic links between percepts and concepts are achieved by the way of typologies and systemic grids. Several examples, with actual cases, set out, firstly, the use of entrepreneurial typologies related to scanning practices, and, secondly, one systemic grid to appraise environmental risks on markets (dependency and vulnerability).


The development and calibration of a visible LED-pumped, photoluminescent optical-fiber sensor to measure temperature using the crystal alexandrite is reported. Utilizing the dependence of the fluorescent decay time on temperature, this instrument is accurate to +or-1 degrees C over a range 20-150 degrees C, with a response time of 1 s. >


Blue light-induced infrared absorption is investigated in bulk and periodically poled KTiOPO4, MgO:stoichiometric-LiNbO3, MgO:stoichiometric-LiTaO3, KNbO3. KNbO3 and MgO:stoichiometric-LiNbO3 show the lowest susceptibility to the induced absorption. Periodic poling increases the susceptibility in KTiOPO4 and MgO:stoichiometric-LiTaO3.


This paper proposes a new AGV dispatching algorithm which is suitable for heterarchical manufacturing control structure. It is developed on the basis of bidding concept utilizing the information of work-in-process in incoming and outgoing buffers of workstation, and travel time of AGV. Since the bidding functions are functions of two parameters, sensitivity test is performed to find their appropriate values. The performance of the algorithm is compared with those of well-known existing rules in terms of system throughput through simulation on a hypothetical job shop type manufacturing system.


Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver malignancy. Local ablative therapies include chemical (ethanol, acetic acid) or thermal ablation [radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave, laser, cryoablation] are curative treatment options that treat HCC. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) calculated in diffusion-weighted MRI has become a favorable biomarker of tumor. The ADC is a measure of the mobility of water in tissues Methods: 30 cases of patients having HCC to radiology department of Damietta Cancer Center who underwent locoregional therapies (radio frequency ablation, microwave ablation percutaneous ethanol injection and trans-arterial hepatic chemoembolization) over a period of 18 months (APR.2017–OCT.2018). Patient are scheduled for dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI and diffusion weighted images (DWI) either in the routine follow up or after inconclusive triphasic CT study to assess tumor response to treatment and detect residual or recurrent lesions.  Results: The ADC variable was found to be a fair indicator to differentiate marginal recurrence of HCC from benign or pseudo- lesions the sensitivity of DWI was 80%, its Specificity was 76.7%, positive predictive value was 53.3% and negative predictive value was 92%. Conclusion: we concluded that DWI together with conventional imaging is a promising tool in the evaluation of HCC post ablation. DWI can provide information about molecular tissue characteristics; it can help to distinguish between viable and necrotic tumor areas thus facilitating the diagnosis of residual or recurrent tumor.  We could recommend a cut -off value 1.024 x 10-3mm2/sec, with t values below this level, express viability of the malignancy.


Design and performance of a proposed LEU burst reactor are sketched. Salient conclusions reached are the following: size would be ~1,500 kg or greater, depending on the size of the central cavity; internal stresses during burst require split rings for relief; the reactor would likely require multiple control and safety rods for fine control; the energy spectrum would be comparable to that of HEU machines; and burst yields and steady-state power levels will be significantly greater in an LEU reactor.


A polarisation-independent all-optical wavelength conversion technique is proposed that uses a nonlinear optical loop mirror (NOLM). When the polarisation state of the input signal light is varied, wavelength-converted signals exhibit a converted power fluctuation of only 0.6 dB, and the receiver sensitivity does not change.


As technologies are developed and systems are complicated, hazards embedded in the system are also increasing. proving safety and managing the safety is more scientific and organizational domain so that safety management system is pursuing to be active formation detecting the factors of hazard and managing them beyond passive-way. In the future, in aorder to establish and manage national safety management system, it is important to have effective system and manage it and also more important that all the people related to target system has to change their recognition and to play roles in it.


In the cultural tourism,the traditional cuture of ethnic minorities is showing strong charm and vitality as its diverse forms and profoud connotation.Cuture as the soul of tourist,exploring development and protection of traditional culture in minority aers,is of great significance and far-reaching.


AIM: To analyze the predictors of success in a novel methotrexate( MTX) protocol of ectopic pregnancies( EPs) and create a cutoff of pretreatment human chorionic gonadotropin( h CG)in the successful MTX treatment of EPs. METHODS: A group of 31 hemodynamicaly stable women,absence of yolk sac and fetal cardiac activity on transvaginal ultrasonography,no desire for surgical treatment,and with no hepatic,hematologic or renal disease,was electively treated with the MTX protocol( overall intramuscular dosage of 1 mg / kg divided to 3 doses at 48-hour intervals given as a course). The diagnosis of EP was made by a nonlaparoscopically algorithm. The size and the volume of the gestational mass,presence of previous EP,total MTX dosage that patients actually accepted and the pretreatment serum h CG levels were accessed,and their prognostic value for primary outcome of MTX treatment of EPs was investigated. RESULTS: 24 cases( 77. 4%) were successfully cured. In these cases,the log-transformed serum h CG levels before MTX administration were lower compared with the levels found in cases of therapeutic failure( 2. 75 ± 0. 38 vs. 3. 14 ± 0. 33,respectively; P = 0. 022). The receiver operating characteristic( ROC) curve analysis showed that a pretreatment serum h CG concentration≤1 603 m IU / m L was a factor indicative of therapeutic success with sensitivity of 87. 5% and specificity of 57. 1%. Logistic regression analysis revealed the initial serum h CG concentration to be the only factor that contributed to the success rate( P = 0. 036). CONCLUSION: In the protocol,the pretreatment serum concentration of h CG is an important prognostic factor associated with MTX success therapy of EP. When the pretreatment h CG level is 1 603 m IU / m L,the MTX treatment of EP is at risk of failure.


Primary hyperideals have been introduced and studied in multiplicative hyperrings. In this paper, we intend to study extensively primary hyperideals of multiplicative hyperrings with absorbing zero and prove some results regarding them. Also, we describe Cu- ideals of multiplicative hyperrings which are particular classes of hyperideals. In the last section, we introduce 2-absorbing primary hyperideals and investigate the properties of this notion in commutative multiplicative hyperrings.


During the revolution in novel circles,Liang Qichao took a dominant position and contributed to three great things of historical significance for the modernization process of Chinese novels:setting up a new base for the novel innovation by creating new novels,opening up new fields and creating new models for the theory researches on novels,and starting a new way for realism in the practice of writing.It is Liang Qichaos novel theories,novel creating and his efforts to the modernization of novels that led Chinese novels to the process of modernization.


Self-optimizing mechatronic systems are a new class of technical system promising new levels of flexibility and utility in electro-mechanical systems. Planning is an important method to realize self-optimization, although today hardly used in mechatronics. In this context, planning is understood as search for a feasible sequence of operations which implements the execution of specific job assigned to a system. This search is a complex and time-consuming task. Hence, it is desirable to decompose the planning task into smaller sub problems according to paradigm of divide & conquer and use problem specific solution methods. Unfortunately, possible planning sub problems in mechatronic systems cannot be considered isolated since sub modules influence each other. This paper introduces the application of a multi-agent-planning model based on cooperative objective functions that enable the coordinated solution of sub problems.


Abstract The elasto conductivity has been investigated in a series of doped and undoped glow discharge (g.d.) a-Si specimens under applied tensile and compressive linear strains, S. A periodic bending-couple was applied to the glass substrate and conductance changes were recorded by phase-sensitive detection. The elastoconductivity parameter K= — (1/S)(δ[Sgrave]/[Sgrave]) was studied as a function of Fermi-level position, temperature, specimen thickness and angle between current and strain. The experiments were also extended to specimens in which phonon-assisted hopping predominated. It was found that irrespective of the transport mechanism, the strain causes a small unidirectional shift δef (∼ meV) of the Fermi energy. δefdepends critically on the position of efwithin the mobility gap. A plot of the dependence of K on ec-ef shows peaks at 0–6eV and about 1.0eV which are related to the dependence of the pre-factor [sgrave]o on ec-ef. It is concluded that the δef produced by the strain is linked to the mov...


CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 2: SYRIAN-SAUDI RELATIONS BEFORE CAMP DAVID: HISTORICAL BACKGROUND (1946-1978) CHAPTER 3: DRAWING THE FAULT LINES: THE CAMP DAVID AGREEMENT AND ITS AFTERMATH (SEPTEMBER 1978 - OCTOBER 1980) CHAPTER 4: HEADING OPPOSING CAMPS: THE PRIMACY OF SAUDI ARABIA (OCTOBER 1980 - SEPTEMBER 1982) CHAPTER 5: THE BEGINNING OF THE END OF 'THE SAUDI ERA' (OCTOBER 1982 - MARCH 1984) CHAPTER 6: SYRIA'S VETO POWER VS. SAUDI QUEST FOR ARAB CONSENSUS: WITH REFERENCE TO THE IRAN-IRAQ WAR (APRIL 1984 - AUGUST 1990) CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION: OPPORTUNITIES AND CONSTRAINTS OF SHARED IDENTITIES IN FOREIGN POLICY DECISION-MAKING.


The current study is geared to investigate Tlemcen speakers" attitudes towards taboo topics namely sex and death and their euphemistic substitutions. It also aims at improving a useful understanding of these sensitive topics. Thus, it tends to prove that some linguistic expressions are the result of societal, psychological and cultural pressures. Another purpose of this work is to analyse Tlemcen speakers" views, beliefs and, therefore, explore the motives which give a fertile soil for the creation of euphemistic substitutions. It shows that there are euphemistic expressions which represent a rich vocabulary of Algerian varieties in general and Tlemcen dialect in particular. Besides, the main objectives of this piece of research are firstly examining Tlemcen speakers" attitudes towards taboos and euphemisms in relation to a number of social and psychological factors. Secondly, it tends to investigate which politeness strategies they use in order to protect their faces during their daily interaction. Thirdly, this work tries to discover whether Tlemcen speakers use taboos in mixedsex groups or they tend to discuss them in single-sex groups. To these ends, we have relied on many research instruments in order to test the validity of our hypotheses and to collect reliable data. Henceforth, the outcomes of this study show that the percentages of both taboos and euphemistic usage are nearly equal, although statistical analysis of the questionnaire revealed that the respondents" attitudes towards taboos were highly positive. In fact, these findings indicate that the use of these two linguistic phenomena differ from one individual to another depending on their age, gender, educational background and the context of use. They also reveal that Tlemcen people try to discuss taboo topics with their intimate friends. Nonetheless, Islamic norms and principles play a significant role in pushing them to employ the notion of politeness which restricts the open use of taboos. Lastly, these research findings prove that sex has remained as the most tabooed topic, whereas death is also handled with care in this speech community.


The mode-hopping phenomenon in extended interaction oscillator (EIO) based on the multiple-gap topology resonant system is studied to verify the remarkable advantage of the electronic tuning property for EIO. In contrast to the conventional EIO where electron beam interacts with the standing-wave mode in a narrow operating voltage range, the presented EIO can operate in a sequence of neighboring backward-wave modes by switching the beam voltage. According to particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation in CST, the mode-hopping effect has resulted in radiation power fluctuation. Simulation results demonstrate that the EIO is capable of electronic tuning in a relatively wide operating voltage range from 4.1 kV to 9.5 kV. An output power on the order of a few tens of watts is obtained. The study of the mode-hopping effect can show a promising way to operate the EIO in the backward-wave regime.


Research into the factors that influence the school attainment of children in care has dispelled the myth that being in the care system leads automatically to poor education outcomes, with family experiences having a clear impact


The transition Ψ′→K SK L has been observed for the first time using the 14 million Ψ′ events collected by the Beijing Spectrometer of the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider. Based on this, the relative phase between the strong and electromagnetic amplitudes of Ψ′ decays is found to be around±90 degree. Together with improved measurement of the J/Ψ→K SK L branching fraction, Ψ′→K SK L is found to be enhanced compared with the pQCD "12%" rule between Ψ′ and J/Ψ decays. This is a new challenge in the study of charmonium decay dynamics.


The objective of this experiment is to study the effects of fertilization on different fractions of soil active organic carbon and carbon sequestration of forage in Karst region.There were nine treatments,CK(no fertilization),N1(N 150 mg/kg soil),N2(N 250 mg/kg soil),N1P1(P2O5 100 mg/kg soil),N2P2(P2O5 150 mg/kg soil),N1P1K1(K2O 70 mg/kg soil),N1P1K2(K2O 105 mg/kg soil),N2P2K1 and N2P2K2 in the experiment.Compared to the control(no fertilization),the contents of organic carbon(SOC),microbial biomass carbon(MBC) and readily oxidizable carbon(ROC) in soils,daily mineralization(DMC) and accumulated mineralization(AMC) of organic carbon in soils,and carbon sequestration by forage under the fertilizer treatments are increased.The N1P1K1 has the highest contents of SOC and ROC in soils,the N1P1 has the highest content of MBC,the N2P2K1 has the highest content of the dissolved carbon,and the N2P2K2 has the highest carbon sequestration by forage and the highest contents of DMC and AMC.Generally,more soil active organic carbon is accumulated in the treatments of low NPK,while more carbon is fixed by forage plant in the treatments of high NPK.


Roads infrastructure is the most primary means of transportation used in Rwanda .As this country is land-locked which is still under development where socio-economic is at lower position, road is used as the first cheap way for getting various internal or external facilities.Due to this, it dominates as much as possible all other means of transportation used in Rwanda.Rwanda as other countries invest more funds in constructing, maintaining and upgrading roads infrastrure through many different projects ;and most of those projects they have expirienced time overrun.