Grief is a complex and confusing emotion. Rituals, such as funerals, wakes, and prayers, may help people deal with the grief that comes with the death of a loved one. The author's observations about how a person may grieve are listed.


Objective:To study the CT imaging findings of intracerebral infections and mass in patients with HIV/AIDS.Methods:The imaging data of 26 patients with AIDS which evaluated together with clinical symptoms,pathology in Princes Marina Hospital of Botswana with intracerebral opportunistic infections were analyzed retrospectively.Results:CT of 6 cases with cerebral toxoplasmosis showed intracranial single or multiple nodules with irregular margin and necrosis in the center,surrounded by apparent edema,after contrast injected,significant enhancement of nodules were seen.Cerebral tuberculosis in 3 cases showed intracranial scattered in small nodules,some enhanced after contrast injected,one case showed more divergence in the calcifications.4 cases of encephalitis,both sides of the sheet density of multiple brain areas,enhanced CT scan see no obvious enhancement,one liner meningeal enhancement.2 cases of tuberculous meningitis,enhanced scan see both sides of the Silvian fissure pool,central pontine obviously abnormal enhancement.7 cases of brain abscess,showing the formation of intracranial cavities with thick wall,after contrast injected,significant enhancement of the wall were seen,severe edema arounded.4 cases of lymphoma showed intracranial masses with isointensity or hyperdensity in plan CT and obvious enhancement after contrast injected,with mild or moderate peripheral edema.Conclusion:CT scanning is the basic examination of the intracerebral opportunistic infections in patients with AIDS,it can well show the parts,shape and edema of the lesions.


There is a controversy on the effects of physiological levels of glucocorticoids on natural killer (NK) cytotoxity. Therefore, the effects of exogenously administered dexamethasone on NK cytotoxity in 8‐week‐old male, Fischer 344 rats were studied. We suppose that the reason for the controversy is insufficient sensitivity of the ordinal radioactive chromium‐release assay for normal healthy subjects or animals. Therefore, we developed a new index, a resistance to artificial immunosuppressor, cyclosporine A (CsA) using rat NK activity as an indicator, and named this index, increased resistance to immunosuppressor (IRIS). After some basic, characterizing studies, authors confirmed the fact that continuous doses of dexamethasone (DEX) attenuated NK suppression of CsA. In protocol 4, 18 rats were randomly divided into three groups: the first (DEX+CsA) was injected for 5 days with 0·1 mg DEX/kg/day and a single dose of CsA on the final day, intraperitoneally; the second (SAL+CsA) was treated with an equal volume of saline and CsA; the third (DEX+SAL) was treated with DEX but not CsA. The IRIS in NK activity was increased significantly (P<0·01) with 5 days injection of DEX. These results demonstrated that physiological, and continuous dosage of glucocorticoids stimulated IRIS in NK activity in rats, and this suggests that appropriate stimuli through the hypothalamic–adrenal axis might be acting, at least, as a defence against immune collapses or dysfunctions.


The Bairong copper molybdenum deposit,occurring in the middle of the Gangdise Mountains,is a middle size deposit in the Nyemo County of Tibet.The Bairong copper molybdenum deposit is hosted by biotite adamellite porphyry and dacite porphyry,which intrusived in the Himalayan period.Ore-bearing rock body is a complex massif and the invasion sequence can be divided into biotite adamellite porphyry→dacite porphyry→granite porphyry according to petrography and characteristics of the deposit.The mineralization epoches can be divided into magmatic period,hydrothermal period and supergene period.The average value ofδ34S of pyrite in the ore is 0.15‰,very close to zero indicating that S was from the mantle.The Bairong deposit is a post collision porphyry copper molybdenum deposit.This geological characteristics and mineralization epoches study has guiding significance for prospecting.


We have grown YBa2Cu3O7−x‐PrBa2Cu3O7−y heterostructures with the perovskite a axis normal to the surface of a variety of (001) oriented substrates using the pulsed laser deposition technique. X‐ray diffraction studies indicate little or no formation of the traditional c‐axis normal orientation usually nucleated on these substrates, while ion channeling, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Raman scattering studies reveal a highly ordered crystalline structure similar in quality to that obtained in the best c‐axis oriented films. Superconducting transition temperatures, for current transport in the plane of the films, consistently exceed 80 K, but are probably lower than the optimum 92 K transition expected for YBa2Cu3O7−x due to the presence of growth twin boundaries between grains with the c axis oriented along the two substrate directions.


By using a new bilinear estimate, a pointwise estimate of the generalized Oseen kernel and an idea of fractional bootstrap, we show in this note that solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations with fractional dissipation are analytic in space variables.


The people of Prekmurje have for centuries perceived themselves as Slovenes (although in the past they involuntarily replaced this name with the controversial term Vend); however, with the exception of some intellectuals, few knew anything about Slovene history, the boundaries of the Slovene ethnic territory, or even where Ljubljana, Maribor, or Trieste were located. This was because education in Hungary was subjected to magyarization, an assimilatory policy that was even intensified in the decades preceding World War I. On the other hand, Hungarian government attempts (until August 1919) to root out ethnic awareness among Slovenes living beyond the Mura River failed, at least from the linguistic point of view. The people of Prekmurje have managed to preserve their dialect until today. The Hungarian language did not take hold in this territory, as is evident from the numerous articles in the Slovene newspapers of that time, which were secretly read by the people of Prekmurje. The purpose of this paper is to show that today linguistic features play a major role in Slovene perceptions of these people; dialect is the distinguishing feature in SloveneSlovene relations.


Two sections of Carboniferous rocks were measured in the northeastern Brooks Range, arctic Alaska, and correlated with six other sections previously described. The section on the Clarence River is 739 m thick. Endicott Group sandstones and gray shales a t the base of the section are 175 m thick and are Visean (Meramecian) in age. They are overlain by 564 m of Lisburne Group carbonate rocks of Visean (lower Chesterian) and Namurian-Westphalian (upper Chesterian, Morrowan, and Atokan) age. The base of the 1,062-mthick section on the Kongakut River is not exposed. The basal rocks of the Endicott Group are more than 341 m thick and are Visean (Meramecian) in age. They are overlain by 721 m of Lisburne Group rocks of Visean and Namurian (Meramecian and Chesterian) age. The Permian and Triassic Sadlerochit Formation unconformably overlies these Chesterian carbonate rocks. Within these two sections, 11 microfossil assemblage zones are recognized. They are correlated with six other sections in the northeastern Brooks Range and tied to the Cordilleran and Eurasian standards. The lower part of the Alapah Limestone in the Kongakut River section from 369 to 692 m represents shallow lagoonal sedimentation with a biota characterized by abundant calcispheres of the genera Calcisphaera, Parathurammina, and Vicinesphaera. Lithologic studies reveal that the Lisburne Group carbonate rocks on the northeastern Brooks Range were deposited in shallow water on a slowly subsiding shelf. During brief and possibly cyclic periods carbonate sedimentation exceeded subsidence and formed regional and local intertidal to supratidal carbonate deposits.


Several studies show that Mg ingestion in the diet is below the recommended levels – it is estimated that 50-60% of adults do not reach the average dietary intake18,19. A growing body of evidence from epidemiologic and clinical studies has confirmed the association of magnesium deficiency with several diseases such as electrolyte, neurologic, musculoskeletal and inflammatory disorders; cardiovascular diseases and diabetes15,20,21.


A Living Hell, BBC2, a 3 part series Wednesdays 11 15 pm, starting 3 March

  L ewis Wolpert—professor of biology as applied to medicine at University College London—became clinically depressed a few years ago after a mild heart problem and required admission to the psychiatric wing of the Royal Free Hospital. A Living Hell follows his journey into uncovering what medical science reveals about depression. Given the media's preference for personal anecdote rather than impersonal fact, a series like this had to wait until a doctor presenter was suffering from depression himself and agreed to be explicit about his illness on television. However, Wolpert has cleverly used the media interest in his illness to instruct the public on the essential issues.

It is perhaps because there is so much current popular fascination with depression that Wolpert has been indulged by the BBC in focusing on this one illness for three 40 minute programmes. Exactly why this should happen now is something of a mystery to those of us who have been trying unsuccessfully for years to divert media attention away from the much less common (but violent) schizophrenia. One factor may be the rising prevalence of depression among journalists, judging from the current plethora of first person accounts. The recent, widely disseminated estimate from the WHO that depression will be the world's second most debilitating disease by the year 2020 has clearly been a catalyst.

Unlike the rest of current media coverage, the first programme in Wolpert's series is never in danger of confusing clinical depression with the everyday emotion we all experience. There are some poignant moments, however, when Wolpert returns to the ward at the Royal Free Hospital and, while relating his suicidal feelings to his psychiatrist, when he chokes for a moment, close to tears, as he recalls how his late wife reacted to his depression. Another sufferer from the illness pauses in emotional turmoil at the realisation of just how she has been affected when she says she now has to develop strategies in order to just get out of bed.

Wolpert presents this series brilliantly, but are there dangers in the media's need for personal experience as the only credential to declaim on psychiatry? On ITV's Thursday Night Live (25 February) two psychiatrists in the studio were losing their argument against a baying crowd that antidepressants are safe—until one of the doctors announced he had taken the drug himself. The emotion of the moment temporarily silenced the stunned opponents, but did this confession bolster the negative public impression that psychiatrists are in greater need of help than their patients?

On 21 February the Observer ran a special series of articles on depression over 14 pages in its "Life" supplement. The anecdotal personal experience of middle class journalists got a good airing, but, in the process, the science was drowned out. Yet what newspapers and broadcasters are often aiming to do, and what professors of medicine often neglect, is to satisfy the public's real interest in these subjects, which is rather self centred—how to prevent themselves getting whatever illness is under the spotlight. To this end, a "nutritionist" in the Observer series penned an ill informed article on how diet might prevent depression, neglecting entirely the research on the subject, particularly recent evidence of a direct correlation across societies worldwide between higher fish consumption and lower rates of depression.

Deborah Orr wrote at length in the Independent (24 February) about her own decision on whether to take the antidepressant paroxetine on the advice of her general practitioner. Her search for the reasons behind her depression led her to conclude this lay in the stress of being married to a husband who has two families to care for. The problem with all these personal accounts is that the many diverse reasons they each generate are too varied to be illuminating. Professor Wolpert believes an antiarrhythmic drug caused his depression, while his wife thought it was his having to return to South Africa, where his father had been murdered.

The crucial issue, however, is not what made you depressed, but how to get better. This is particularly true as recovery strategies involve a narrow range of effective options, the effectiveness of which is largely unaffected by whatever precisely caused a particular depression. Yet the process of recovery and definitive treatment are hardly ever discussed sensibly in the media. This is probably because the public and journalists react vigorously against the idea that a small number of treatments can be applied to a wide variety of different people—they see this as the dehumanising aspect of medicine. This is what doctors do whenever they diagnose: they try to fit a variety of symptoms into a syndrome that then helps them to choose a management plan. But when it comes to the mind, no one wants to feel that their depression is anything other than their own; to do otherwise seems to threaten their sense of identity.


Abstract Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was originated in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. So far, more than 4 million people worldwide have been infected with the virus. Various manifestations of coronavirus have been reported since the pandemic began. Among them, acute abdomen is one of the manifestations of COVID-19. Some studies have reported acute pancreatitis in several patient due to COVID-19 infection. In this study, we report a rare case in whom SARS-CoV-2 caused acute severe hemorrhagic necrotizing pancreatitis.


Large data centers host several application environments (AEs) that are subject to workloads whose intensity varies widely and unpredictably. Therefore, the servers of the data center may need to be dynamically redeployed among the various AEs in order to optimize some global utility function. Previous approaches to solving this problem suffer from scalability limitations and cannot easily address the fact that there may be multiple classes of workloads executing on the same AE. This paper presents a solution that addresses these limitations. This solution is based on the use of analytic queuing network models combined with combinatorial search techniques. The paper demonstrates the effectiveness of the approach through simulation experiments. Both online and batch workloads are considered


Various morphologic patterns have been identified in renal biopsies of children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS). Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MesPGN) may be encountered as an idiopathic disorder, or may be secondary to an underlying disease. Some patients with NS present on biopsy with mesangial IgM deposits, which may be associated with mesangial cell hyperplasia and expansion of the mesangial matrix. This is called "IgM nephropathy" or MesPGN with IgM deposits. Some investigators consider IgM nephropathy as a type of minimal change nephritic syndrome (MCNS). Other investigators consider MesPGN with IgM deposits as a separate entity from minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) Genetic factors may be involved in the mechanism of IgM nephropathy, and this supports the hypothesis that in some patients, MesPGN with IgM deposits should be considered as a distinct glomerular disorder. Clinically, most patients with IgM nephropathy present with NS that is usually steroid-responsive (frequently steroid-dependent) or steroid-resistant. We review the clinical features of IgM nephropathy and report on the response to therapy in patients with idiopathic NS in whom welldeveloped mesangial proliferative lesions and significant mesangial IgM deposits were present.


The establishment of a typology of knowledge transfers highlights the main dimensions of this process: the sources and recipients of transfers, the nature and modalities of knowledge (whether factual or procedural), the constraints weighing on actors, and the use of channels of transmission and formalization of knowledge. This paper shows how knowledge transfers raise ethical problems in the diffusion of new knowledge as well as in education, which force the authorities to intervene, in particular through a patent system and by ensuring free access to education. The rules and institutions are analyzed in reference to criteria of an ethical nature proposed by utilitarianism, libertarianism, and liberal egalitarianism.


Calcic pedocomplexes are associated with regional unconformities in the Great Plains and western United States that have approximate ages of 30 Ma, 20 Ma, and 4 Ma. In southwestern Montana, the calcic pedocomplexes are readily identifiable on the surface, and a pedocomplex typically contains several partial soil profiles. In the most complete scenario, an individual profile may contain an argillic or argil - lic/calcareous (Bt or Btk) horizon, a K horizon, and a C horizon. Often, however, the Bt(k) horizon is truncated or can be entirely absent from an individual profile. The K horizon contains an upper laminated zone that is underlain by an indurated carbon- ate sheet. Carbonate nodules and chalky micritic matrix materials underlie the sheet carbonate. The calcic paleosols display carbonate morphology ranging from stage IV to stage VI. The calcic pedocomplexes also possess distinct physical properties that aid in subsurface identification. The combined density and velocity differences between paleosols and nonpedogenic strata result in bright reflections on seismic sections and distinct well-log signatures. Although the calcic pedocomplexes and regional unconformity associations were first described within Tertiary strata of southwestern Montana, the same associa - tions exist in numerous localities in the Great Plains and in other parts of the western United States. The extensive occurrence of the calcic paleosols and regional uncon- formity associations throughout this large area underscores their utility as a regional correlation tool. Moreover, the delineation of regional unconformities that are large- scale sequence boundaries by pedocomplexes has broad implications for continental sequence stratigraphy.


Silver materials and low-cost method for producing a crystalline silicon solar cell with a back lead-free. Components and weight percents of the lead-free conductive silver paste is as follows: 40 to 55% silver; lead-free glass binder is 5 to 15%; 30 to 55% organic binder; disintegration aids 0 to 1.0%; wherein said silver powder is from 2 to 10 microns average particle diameter, specific surface area of 1.8 ~ 2.4m2 / g of silver flake micro; the organic binder by several different decomposition temperature of the organic resin with a different evaporation rate organic solvent. The present invention is made of silver conductive paste back, moderate viscosity, a dense electrode layer is formed, good weldability, high conversion efficiency.


Large Helical Device (LHD) is a superconducting heliotron type device for advanced fusion experiments. The SC coil system is composed of a pair of helical coils and 3 sets of poloidal coils with a total stored magnetic energy of 1.63 GJ, which will be the world maximum. The main machine parameters, major radius (RC), coil minor radius (aC), magnetic field, plasma minor radius (aP), and plasma volume are 3.9m, 0.975m, 4T, 0.65m, and 30m3, respectively. The material of the super-conductor is NbTi, and the cooling systems are pool-boiling for helical coils and forced-flow for poloidal coils. Since the current density of the helical coils is as high as 53.3A/mm2 with the maximum experienced magnetic field strength of 9.6T, the refrigeration with the super-fluid helium is required. LHD is expected to demonstrate the viability of the helical magnetic configuration extrapolatable to the fusion reactor. The major contributions to fusion technology area are seen in the superconductivity research and development. The necessary R & D programs, detailed design, and construction of parts are now in progress. The construction will be completed in 1997.


Tocotrienols are members of the natural vitamin E family which is considered one of important fat soluble vitamins. The tocotrienols react with free radicals, which are the main cause of oxidation damage to cell membranes, without formation of other free radicals in the process. All natural forms of tocotrienols have the ability to regulate peroxidation reactions and to control free radicals production within the body. This study aimed to assess the antimutagenic and antioxidant ability of α-tocotrienol at a working dose (0.04 mg/ ml) through cytogenetic (Micronucleus test) study and biochemical analysis including Caspase -3, Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) activities and Nitric Oxide (NO) concentration in γ-irradiated human blood cultures. The treatment time was 72 hrs post-irradiation with gamma rays at dose of 3 Gy. Triple blood cultures for each blood sample were set up. Ionizing irradiation induces a significant increase in micronuclei (MNi) frequencies, and nucleuplasmic bridge (N bridge) accompanied by a significant rise in Caspase-3 activity and NO concentration. Furthermore, SOD and CAT activities showed significant decrease. αtocotrienol treatment results into a decrease of MNi and N bridges numbers, enhancement of SOD and CAT activities and improvement of both NO and Caspase-3 levels, compared to irradiated cells which not treated with α-tocotrienol. The present results reveal the antimutagenic and the anti-oxidant effects of α-tocotrienol against γirradiation.


The high peak brightness of X-ray free-electron lasers (FELs), coupled with X-ray optics enabling the focusing of pulses down to sub-micron spot sizes, provides an attractive route to generating high energy-density systems on femtosecond time scales, via the isochoric heating of solid samples. Once created, the fundamental properties of these plasmas can be studied with unprecedented accuracy and control, providing essential experimental data needed to test and benchmark commonly used theoretical models and assumptions in the study of matter in extreme conditions, as well as to develop new predictive capabilities. Current advances in isochoric heating and spectroscopic plasma studies on X-ray FELs are reviewed and future research directions and opportunities discussed.


Problem statement: Medicinal plants derived anticancer were now being subjects of many research groups especially, the secondary metabolite triterpenoids trees which had enormous potential to inspire and influence modern antiproliferative research. The study aimed to investigate the chemical constitution and their potential use as antiproliferative activity of purified compounds derived from F. virosa. Approach: The F. virosa was selected and percolated with hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol. The extracts were purified and elucidated chemical structures. Furthermore, the isolated compounds were tested for biological activity. The bioassays were performed on two cancer cell lines, adriamycin-sensitive erythroleukemia cells (K562) and adriamycin-resistant erythroleukemia cells (K562/Adr) which overexpressed P-glycoprotein (MDR1/ABCB1). Results: Friedelin (1), epifriedelanol (3), stigmasterol (4) and betulinic acid (5) were isolated from the leaves and twigs of F. virosa. The molecular structures of these compounds were determined using several spectroscopic methods. The compounds i.e., 1, a chemically modified compound 1 heptanolide (2), 3 and 4 showed a limited cytotoxic activity towards human cancer cell lines mainly due to a low aqueous solubility which prevented their use in cell viability assays. Interestingly, compound 5 exhibited a high cytotoxicity characterized by an effective concentration value (IC50) equal to 9.7±2.1 µg.mL-1 (21.2±4.6 µM) and 7.1±0.7 µg.mL-1 (15.5±1.5 µM) for K562 and K562/Adr, respectively. Moreover, the antiproliferative activity of compound 5 was independent of the multidrug resistance phenotype exhibited by the K562/Adr cell line suggesting that compound 5 was not the effluxes out of the K562/Adr cells by MDR1 (ABCB1). Conclusion: The results clearly showed that the betulinic acid of the four isolated compounds from F. virosa could be considered as high potential source of cytotoxic activity.


Capturing users' engagement is crucial for gathering feedback about the features of a software product. In a market-driven context, current approaches to collect and analyze users' feedback are based on techniques leveraging information extracted from product reviews and social media. These approaches are hardly applicable in bespoke software development, or in contexts in which one needs to gather information from specific users. In such cases, companies need to resort to face-to-face interviews to get feedback on their products. In this paper, we propose to utilize biofeedback to complement interviews with information about the engagement of the user on the discussed features and topics. We evaluate our approach by interviewing users while gathering their biometric data using an Empatica E4 wristband. Our results show that we can predict users' engagement by training supervised machine learning algorithms on the biometric data. The results of our work can be used to facilitate the prioritization of product features and to guide the interview based on users' engagement.


The purpose of this study is to examine the contributions of educational tools used in educational institutions in accordance with the basic goals of educational management to teaching methods and techniques. In general, developments in the field of management cause fundamental changes in the structure and functioning of educational organizations. For this reason, it is important to adapt contemporary and scientific developments to the teaching plane and to create realistic policies for educational organizations for this purpose. The role of educational tools used in schools in the educational management process has an important place. Teaching methods and techniques, by using qualified manpower to train, universal standards, catching than the traditional teaching approach makes a more competent and efficient management, participation and cooperation, it is likely that the individual is a central management approach. With the widespread use of educational tools within the framework of educational management in educational institutions, it will be ensured that a more modern, innovative, dynamic and systematic structural form will be achieved in educational processes. Key Words: Educational Institutions, Educational Management, Educational Tools


The title compound, C 16 H 16 O 3 , adopts a chiral conformation incorporating a flattened cyclohexene ring, with pairs of molecules forming centrosymmetric carboxyl dimers. The acid group is rotated 18 (1)° from coplanarity with the alkene and displays typical carboxyl disorder ; the methyl group is rotationally disordered.


Carry on the analysis in view of the circulation aqueous system existence's question,Work out three sets of improvement plans and after comparatively demonstration,confirm the best improvement plans which is economical、reasonable and fit the actual.


This research is directed to know the behavior of Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs) like Cu, Pb, Zn in waters, sediments and the degree of contamination caused by the operation of the Jucaro deposit. The fieldwork was made by taking samples of sediments and waters accompanied by pH measurements. For chemical analysis of waters was used Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy detecting Cu, Pb, and Zn in permissible concentrations for maximum pollution limits according to the Cuban norm NC 27: 2012. The same technical was used for obtained small concentrations of CuO and ZnO. By the method of powder difractometric of X- rays were found scorodite and jarosite to retain naturally the migration of lead and arsenic. The PTEs analyzed do not exceed the limits of permissible concentration in water or sediment and was valued positive results for the investigation.


Electromigration in interconnects is a major reliability concern for integrated circuits, which leads to aggressive design rules. These rules can be lightened by taking advantage of the Blech effect in extrapolated lifetimes. In the present paper is reported the critical product (jL)/sub c/ for copper-oxide interconnects measured at 250/spl deg/C, 300/spl deg/C and 350/spl deg/C from electron-migration lifetime tests. The existence of this threshold product implies an increase of n values from Black's model with decreasing (current density-line length) products. This increase significantly changes the extrapolated lifetime at operating conditions.


Due to the growing concerns surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic, colleges and universities either canceled or remotely hosted their 2020 National Science Foundation Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) programs. This analysis is part of a larger study examining the impact of these fully remote experiences on professional and psychosocial factors such as mentees' sense of belonging, identity, and self-efficacy and their retention in STEM degree programs. We present a single-student case study and describe the dramaturgical analysis which centers on identifying five fundamental constructs within the data: objectives, conflicts, tactics, attitudes, and emotions. These items investigate what the participant in the remote REU program experienced and how this experience changed the ways in which he thinks about his future career decision making. Our analysis explored four different sub-narratives: lack of community in virtual REU, mentor support, perception of the "real" nature of the experience in a virtual format, and future career decision-making. The mentee reported that this experience was highly beneficial and that he developed a sense of belonging and identity, despite working remotely – often from his own bedroom. © 2021, American Association of Physics Teachers. All rights reserved.


EMR Message Center Guide for Professional Staff Message Center Overview ............................................................................................................... 2 View Open Inbox Items ................................................................................................................................... 2 Documents Toolbar ......................................................................................................................................... 3 Preview Pane ................................................................................................................................................... 3 Creating a Message/Reminder ......................................................................................................... 4 Modify an Unsigned Document......................................................................................................... 6 Modify a Signed Document (Adding an Addendum) ......................................................................... 6 Forward Document ........................................................................................................................... 7 Refuse Document............................................................................................................................. 8 Review Deficiencies ......................................................................................................................... 9 Orders to Approve ............................................................................................................................ 9 Attending Provider Messages ......................................................................................................... 10 Using Proxy Access ....................................................................................................................... 10 Granting Proxy ............................................................................................................................................... 10 To Modify or Remove Proxy Settings ............................................................................................................ 13 Managing Orders to Sign for Providers in Your Group .................................................................... 15 Out of Office Setting ....................................................................................................................... 17


AbstractIn this study, an experimental study on the transport of methylene blue (MB) through bulk liquid membrane (BLM) is done and thereby best set of solvent, operating conditions, and mode of transport that would yield optimum performance of the BLM are identified. Therefore, a kinetic study of MB transport from an aqueous donor phase into an aqueous acceptor phase through a BLM containing calix[8]arene octacarboxylic acid (COCA) derivative as a carrier was studied. The influence of type of solvent, stirring speed, effect of NaCl weight in feed phase and temperature were investigated. The kinetic parameters (k1, k2, , tmax, , ) were calculated for the interface reactions assuming two consecutive, irreversible first-order reactions. In this study, the experiments demonstrated that COCA derivative is a good carrier for MB transport through liquid membranes.


The University of Minnesota is reeling from one of the most damaging attacks on a U.S. research facility by animal rights activists in recent memory. The Animal Liberation Front claimed responsibility for an incident last week in which vandals stole over 100 research animals and ransacked labs at the university9s Twin Cities campus, causing at least $2 million in direct damage and the disruption of dozens of research projects.


One concept which is more and more promoted nowadays is the idea of combining decentralized renewable energy resources belonging to households into energy communities, which can be both controlled and coordinated by smart EMS systems. Due to their geographical particularities, rural and peri-urban areas can best accommodate such energy communities. If a community is large enough, power generation might be improved during the day when some PV panels could compensate any shading on other panels or maybe small wind turbines might add power during the night when solar energy is not available, but without controllable loads and battery energy storage systems (BESS), small communities comprised of buildings with PV generation and even small wind turbines might themselves become a source of significant variability. This paper will propose a model to combine PV energy production with storage and controllable loads in smart energy communities, aggregated on a smart EMS platform (Smart Control Hub Energy Data Aggregation Platform - SCHEEDAP) in order to enable the community to use a large portion of its electric energy consumption from its own renewable energy production, while also decreasing their energy costs. The case study presented is showing how the use of renewable energy assets together with storage systems for rural energy communities might lead to the decrease in power consumption from the grid and will help the distribution grid to be more reliable and secure. Using distributed energy assets in smart energy communities, controlled by an aggregation platform with EMS functionality and being able to distribute active power reference set-points to each household's local controller based on close to real-time optimization results, creates the premises not only for local self-consumption and decrease of energy costs for the community, but will also constitute a backbone for the Internet of Energy at the community's level.


Review(s) of: That Deadman dance, by Kim Scott, 400pp, Picador Australia, place, 2010, ISBN 9781405040440 (pbk), $22.99; Shaking hands on the fringe: Negotiating the aboriginal world at King George's sound, by Tiffany Shellam, xii + 267 pp, University of Western Australia Press, Nedlands, WA, 2009, ISBN 9781921401268 (pbk), $29.95.


The problem of free convection flow of a viscous heat generating rarefied gas is considered for the case when a strong magnetic field is imposed perpendicularly to the plane of flow. Analytical expressions for the velocity field and temperature are obtained and the influence of the Hall currents m and the heat source parameter δ on the velocity field and temperature are discussed


Archaeologists in Russia have been long aware of the illicit excavation and theft from ancient burial places in the Crimea. In fact, the history of robbery from the tombs commenced during ancient times, the perpetrators being contemporaries of the dead either from the same tribe or incursory aliens. For example, the stone vaulted tombs built by Greek colonisers in the third century B.C. and situated in the northwest of the Crimea were pillaged by the Scythians, who then re-used the structures for their own dead. Later, in the fourth century A.D., invading Huns robbed the tombs and buried their fellow tribesmen in the same stone vaults. The burial mounds of south Russia are also examples of funerary structures which were robbed in antiquity. Their original builders were contemporaries of the creators of the three great pyramids at Giza in Egypt (c. third millennium B.C.); these mounds were plundered by later waves of invading nomads and adapted for their own purposes. The tradition of burial in mounds was maintained in the Caucasus region until the eighteenth century A.D. The motivation for tomb-robbing was not restricted to the hunt for 'treasures'. The Greek cemetery at Chersonesos, with its remarkable stone monuments often covered with delicately carved inscriptions, was used effectively as a quarry by the Scythians in order to build the foundations of a tower (the 'tower of Zenonos') as a response to military threat in the second century B.C. The scale of pillage from the ancient tombs in the Crimea and south Russia accelerated during the nineteenth century in response to the demand from Europe for the fabulous types of finds known to be contained in some of the great barrows. Treasure hunters were known locally as the 'lucky men' and their activities included forgery of artefacts as well as the systematic plunder of ancient sites. Some of the objects in the south Russian collection of the Louvre are now thought to be examples of these nineteenth century fakes. During the last five years, there has been a considerable increase in tomb-robbing in south Russia. The relaxation of travel restrictions


The utilization of synthetic materials stimulates environmental concerns, and researchers worldwide are effectively reacting to environmental concerns by transitioning towards biodegradable and sustainable materials. Natural fibers like jute and sisal have been being utilized for ages in several applications, such as ropes, building materials, particle boards, etc. The absence of essential information in preparing the natural-fiber-reinforced materials is still a challenge for future applications. Chemical treatments and surface modifications can improve the quality of the natural fibers. Natural-fiber-based composites are a potential candidate for many lightweight engineering applications with significant mechanical properties. In the view of the progressive literature reported in the field, this work aims to present the significance of natural fibers, their composites, and the main factors influencing these materials for various applications (automotive industry, for instance). Secondly, we aim to address different surface modifications and chemical treatments on natural fibers and finally provide an overview of natural fiber reinforced polymer composites' potential applications.


Abstract A case of Cotard's syndrome which resolved following two grand mal seizures is described. This case illustrates how organic factors can be aetiologically significant in psychiatric disease. It also illustrates the usefulness of convulsive therapy, whether prescribed or occurring via nature, in this rare disorder.


Computerized well logging equipment plays an important role in petroleum exploration and production, and data acquisition system is the core of it. In order to improve the acquisition systems which are used in some oil fields in recent years, a new design of data acquisition system is introduced. The ARM embedded chip and the FPGA chip are the kernel chips of the data acquisition system, and the Ethernet is the communication medium between the cards of the data acquisition system and the host computer of the numerical controlled well logging system. This data acquisition system has more integrated level and communication speed higher than the others of same kind.


In this paper, we investigate the massive MIMO relay system, where the relay station (RS) forwards the signals from multiple remote users to the base station (BS). Large-scale antenna arrays in conjunction with low-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) are equipped at the RS and the BS to guarantee the high spectral efficiency with low cost. Considering the ever-present spatial correlation at both the RS and the BS, we first study the canonical channel estimation process, from which a tractable equivalent form of the channel estimate is extracted for further analysis. Under these transmission impairments along with the ADC quantization imperfection, we derive the closed-form approximation of the achievable rate. Then the impacts of power scaling, spatial correlation level, and ADC resolution bits are revealed comprehensively to guide the practical system deployment and implementation. Numerical results are presented to verify the theoretical analysis in a straightforward way.


Electrolyte disturbances, particularly hypokalemia, are a potentially underreported phenomenon among the over 500 pediatric orthotopic liver transplantations (OLTs) performed annually in the United States. Differing from the reported adult hyperkalemia during OLT, intraoperative hypokalemia has been documented in pediatric patients; however, biomedical literature reporting on the occurrence of postoperative potassium disturbances is lacking. The maintenance of potassium homeostasis is crucial to a patient's cardiac, neuromuscular, and renal functions; alterations to potassium homeostasis may complicate their postoperative course. The goals of the study were to investigate and quantify the degree of potassium supplementation required in patients with postoperative hypokalemia and to determine whether pediatric post OLT patients possessed altered potassium needs. This retrospective study analyzed serum potassium concentrations and potassium supplementation within the pediatric OLT patients who had procedures performed between 1985-2011 at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN. Postoperative data from a sample size of 60 patients was examined by chart review and compared to the patient's own baseline. Postoperative hypokalemia was noted in approximately 50% of patients within the first three postoperative days. Due to this hypokalemic state, patients required 0.5 m Eq/kg/day of potassium supplementation on average. The highest incidence of decreased serum potassium occurred within the first 72 hours post-transplantation. Age less than one year and use of diuretics were the identified variables associated with increased incidence of potassium supplementation. In conclusion, potassium supplementation is necessary in pediatric patients post OLT due to the high incidence of hypokalemia. Anticipatory and sufficient potassium supplementation in the initial postoperative period may be warranted, especially in infants. Further studies are needed to determine the etiology of this finding and its impact on morbidity and mortality in this patient population.


Sparrows have colonized areas modified by humans since the onset of agriculture and seed storage. In fact, present day distributions of the sparrow populations are directly related to urban areas, farms and villages. Consequently the sedentary behaviour of sparrows, in pristine areas, with low densities of specimens, can act as a barrier to gene flow among populations. We analyzed the genetic variability and gene flow rates in four Italian sparrow populations sampled in areas affected by different levels of human activity. Population variability was analyzed by DNA fingerprinting with M13 multilocus minisatellite probe, which yielded multibanded fingerprints (the average number of bands was 25, ranging in size from 23 kb to 0.3 kb). The population located within the pristine area of the Cilento-Vallo di Diano National Park (San Marco) showed the higher value of within-population similarity (Sw = 0.73). This suggests a probable higher level of inbreeding in comparison with the other localities. The genetic isolation of the San Marco population is also imputable to the between-populations similarity values (Sb), that seem to be related with a preferential direction of gene circulation along urbanised corridors. The results show that population variability and gene flow rate in the Italian sparrow are directly related to the presence of urbanised areas. The results also show that the M13 multilocus fingerprinting probe represents a advantageous marker for the detection of genetic variability within a small geographical scale in passerine birds.


Mastectomy has long been regarded as the standard of care for local relapse after breast-conserving surgery and radiation therapy. Due to the perceived heightened risk of toxicity, a similar rationale and approach is often employed for patients that develop a new breast cancer after being treated with mantle field irradiation for Hodgkin's disease or lymphoma. Patients are increasingly requesting additional breast conserving treatment following an initial excellent cosmetic outcome before recurrence. After receiving whole breast external beam radiation therapy, most recurrences occur within or close to the quadrant of the index lesion. Partial breast irradiation (PBI) can target the areas at greatest risk for residual microscopic disease while minimizing the volume of healthy breast tissue re-irradiated. Studies with short follow up suggest that catheter-based interstitial brachytherapy or limited-field external beam radiotherapy can be safely delivered to the breast following an initial course of external bream radiotherapy with acceptable outcomes. A prospective, randomized Phase II multicenter trial to evaluate repeat lumpectomy followed by PBI for in-breast tumor recurrence is warranted to explore the role of repeat breast-conservation.


In an era where social media platform users are growing rapidly, there has been a marked increase in hateful content being generated; to combat this, automatic hate speech detection systems are a necessity. For this purpose, researchers have recently focused their efforts on developing datasets, however, the vast majority of them have been generated for the English language, with only a few available for low-resource languages such as Roman Urdu. Furthermore, what few are available have small number of samples that pertain to hateful classes and these lack variations in topics and content. Thus, deep learning models trained on such datasets perform poorly when deployed in the real world. To improve performance the option of collecting and annotating more data can be very costly and time consuming. Thus, data augmentation techniques need to be explored to exploit already available datasets to improve model generalizability. In this paper, we explore different data augmentation techniques for the improvement of hate speech detection in Roman Urdu. We evaluate these augmentation techniques on two datasets. We are able to improve performance in the primary metric of comparison (F1 and Macro F1) as well as in recall, which is impertinent for human-in-the-loop AI systems.


Abstract In this note we prove that the abstract property "weakly subdirectly indecomposable" does not characterize the class IWsα of weak cylindric set algebras. However, we give another (similar) abstract property characterizing IWsα. The original property does characterize the directed unions of members of IWsα iff α is countable. Free algebras will be shown to satisfy the original property.


We have studied a series of bichromophores of the form A‐(CH2)n‐D where A is a 9‐anthryl group, D is either a N‐methylanilino group or a N‐methyl‐p‐methoxyanilino group, and n=1,2,3, or 4. The fluorescence excitation and emission spectra of these molecules have been observed in a supersonic jet and in a variety of solvents. In the gas phase, in the n=1 and n=3 molecules, and in an extended conformer of the n=4 molecules interactions are weak resulting only in a slightly redshifted anthracene spectrum. No redshifted emission was observed in these cases. For the n=2 molecules and a second conformer of the n=4 molecules we observed a redshifted emission in the gas phase. This emission is assigned as coming from a charge transfer (CT) state or exciplex. On the basis of the excitation and emission spectra we observed two different pathways to reach the CT state. For the molecules with donor N‐methyl‐N‐alkylaniline, excitation took place to the locally excited (LE) state followed by relaxation to the CT state. ...


Plastic, the most utilized synthesized organic material, is the product of spectacular developments in the area of polymer science and technology. The penetration and acceptance of plastics into social network has revolutionized the universe with its widespread usage to the extent that it is now difficult to imagine a life without plastics in our day-to-day life. Positive aspects of plastics have also created a negative impact in our life because plastics do not degrade and reutilizing waste plastics is a major problem. Waste plastic is mainly composed of low-density polyethylene plastic bags and other plastic scrap. Five hundred trillion bags are consumed every year in the whole world and this is just being thrown away without any proper disposal. This is the main cause of plastic pollution. Incineration of the waste plastic bags causes environmental pollution. 3 kilograms of carbon dioxide is released if 1 kilogram of plastic is burnt and that attributes to global warming. Disposal of plastic waste to dumping sites may take approximately 500 years to completely degrade. The aim of this research work is to utilize waste plastic scrap for fabricating interlock paver tiles or partition tiles which can be used as an alternative to conventional tiles. Various issues concerning plastics, like mechanical strength, flame retardancy, water permeability, UV-protection from sunlight, acid, and alkali resistance, and antistatic response have been analyzed for the purpose of the research.


This paper presents a discussion on the control techniques required for microgrid operation and implements a simple control strategy in a microgrid model realized with Matlab. The modeling and control strategy are kept elementary. This is done in order to use developed model for teaching and student training purpose for power system curriculum in undergraduate courses. The model is helpful in introducing the microgrid concept, its advantages and operating modes, to the students, and for highlighting the basic control issues of a microgrid. The control issues related with power quality events and pre-set conditions which disconnect microgrid from the main grid and leads the microgrid in a separate islanded mode are discussed. To demonstrate the operation of a microgrid in islanded mode, the authors have simulated showing that the same is connected with the main grid and simultaneously sharing critical and non-critical loads. After being switched over to islanding mode, automatically it eliminates the non-critical loads and continues to supply power to the critical loads. The power supplied by the main grid and the microgrid are observed and studied. The authors present the issues relating to the islanded operation of microgrid including coordination of microsources and storage device to maintain the satisfactory islanding operation of microgrid.


The thermal-to-epithermal neutron ratio (f) and epithermal neutron shaping factor (a) are essential parameters when calculating the concentration of samples using the k0-standardization method in the Large sample neutron activation analysis (LSNAA). The work was performed in a newly installed Large Sample Neutron Activation Analysis facility in the Ghana Research Reactor-1 (GHARR-1) facility using Au/Zr monitor couple. The thermal to epithermal neutron ratio was found to be 8.25 ± 0.14 and epithermal neutron shape factor (a) was also found to be 0.32998 ± 0.012. These results aided us in the determination of elemental concentration of "large samples" using the k0-standardization method at the GHARR-1 facility.


In this paper we derive asymptotically the macroscopic bulk stress of a suspension of small inertial particles in an incompressible Newtonian fluid. We apply the general asymptotic framework to the special case of ellipsoidal particles and show the resulting modification due to inertia on the well-known particle-stresses based on the theory by Batchelor and Jeffery.


3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution (LTE) uses single carrier-frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) in uplink transmission and orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) scheme for the downlink. One of the most important challenges for a transceiver design is channel estimation (CE) and equalization. In this paper, a training based least mean square (LMS) CE method is investigated for a LTE SC-FDMA system. This method can avoid the illconditioned least square (LS) problem. In addition, this CE method uses adaptive estimator which is able to update parameters of the estimator continuously. Simulation results show that the LMS CE technique with 500 Hz Doppler frequency has around 3 dB better performances compared with 1.5k Hz Doppler frequency. Keywords— Channel estimation, least square, LMS, SC-FDMA.


The crystal structure of the title complex has been determined. The crystals are orthorhombic, space-group Pcan, a= 17·772, b= 9·397, c= 14·324 A, Z= 4. 886 Intensities above background were measured by counter methods and refined to a final R of 0·037. The crystal contains discrete cations and anions. The lead atom is eight-co-ordinate with approximately hexagonal bipyramidal geometry. The Pb–C(axial) bonds are of normal length, 2·16(3)A. The equatorial Pb–O bonds are very long, 2·55 A(mean). The structure is compared with that of the uranyl triacetate anion. The unit cell of the corresponding caesium salt has been determined as cubic, a= 13·21 A.


Cdc14A phosphatase regulates Wee1 kinase through dephosphorylation of two Cdk phosphorylation sites in its regulatory domain, Ser-123 and -139, both involved in the degradation of Wee1 at the entry into mitosis. In this way, Cdc14A interferes with the negative feedback loop between Wee1 and Cdk1 to regulate the mitotic switch.


. A study case is presented herewith where potential insolation (PI) and real insolation (RI) were calculated for a small area (634.4 ha) by means of the computer programs Insol_Dia and Insol_Mes using a digital elevation model (DEM). These programs calculate PI by means of geographical information system (GIS) procedures and spheric geometry formulae. RI was calculated correcting the digital maps of PI with meteorological obervatory (15-0040, Morelia, Mich.) data of the Servicio Meteorologico Nacional. As a result a series of digital maps created within a GIS environment were obtained, these maps represent the spatial distribution of PI and RI for specific dates, hole months, seasons and annually. Maximum annual PI was 4 389 hours, whereas annual minimum was 2 946 hours. Annual RI maximum and minimum values were 2 144.9 and 1 439.7 hours. Daily averages for maximum and minimum PI were 12.05 hours/day and 8.07 hours/day, and RI average values were of 5.88 hours/day as maximum and 3.944 hours/day as minimum, showing an important difference between PI and RI. We consider that information of this kind can be useful in studies of plant distribution, hydrological balance, edaphic properties distribution, geologic material weathering rate, bioclimatic architecture and other areas in which spatial distribution of insolation is a relevant variable.


The properties of a grounded dielectric slab with double negative (DNG) metamaterials are investigated in this paper. Dramatically different dispersion curves of evanescent surface modes (electromagnetic fields exponentially decay both in air and inside the slab) are observed. They are highly dependent on the medium parameters. As the counterpart of the improper complex leaky modes in a double positive (DPS) medium, the complex modes in a DNG medium are proved to be exclusively proper. They have exponentially decaying fields in the air region and are termed complex surface modes. It is found that there are an infinite number of complex surface modes and they cannot be suppressed. The Poynting vectors of complex surface modes are studied and it is proved that their integrals along the transverse direction are simply zero. The complete mode spectrum of the dielectric slab for both DPS and DNG media are tabled and compared. Surface wave suppression is discussed and its necessary and sufficient conditions are presented.


We present the development of a thermal IR camera for a nanosat In Orbit Demonstration (IOD) mission. The primary objective of the TIR remote sensing mission is Land Surface Temperature (LST) and derived evapotranspiration (ET). On the longer term we aim at building up a constellation of satellites allowing a fast revisit time in the order of one to a couple of days.


Linearized potential wave theory is applied to investigate the phenomenon of wave diffraction by a vertical circular cylinder with a thin ring plate in water of finite depth. By means of the eigenfunction expansion method, harmonic expressions for the velocity potential are obtained. The numerical results for the wave loads and the wave height surrounding the body are discussed. It is found that the presence of a thin ring plate causes the focusing of wave energy near the rear edge of the cylinder for small dimensionless porous-effect parameters. A porous ring plate behaves as a wave absorber, which leads to a decrease of the wave height until setdown occurs. The ring plate can decrease not only the horizontal wave force but also the moment on the cylinder. In general, the mechanism of decreasing the wave loads on the cylinder by a porous ring plate is different from that by an impermeable ring plate. An impermeable ring plate attached to the cylinder causes wave focusing near the rear edge of the cylinder so that the difference between wave heights at the front edge and at the rear edge of the cylinder becomes small; hence the wave loads on the cylinder are decreased. A porous ring plate behaves as a wave absorber, which decreases the wave height at the front edge of the cylinder, and thus leads to a decrease of wave loads on the cylinder.


The present invention discloses a method for preparing ultrafine Dan nylon fabric, comprising the steps of: preparing ultrafine fibers Dan, sub Warping, pulp fiber, and the shaft, cutter points, and drawing-twisting, weaving machine; wherein , pulp Shredded step employs a weight ratio of 1: PVA slurry and the slurry polyacrylate sizing 1.9 to 2.2 was 10.5% and 11.5%, moisture regain of 0.1 to 2% of the sizing, drying temperature of 110-115 deg.] C , nylon sizing feeding tension 52-56mN / root, the winding tension is 60-62mN / root. The present invention has good heat resistance, gas permeability reach 1100L / (m2 · s) or more, drape is 45% -49%, excellent drape, abrasion resistance is 0.0028-0.0034g, excellent wear resistance .


Recently, the focusing of an atomic beam using a laser has been considered by Balykin and Letokhov.1 Their calculations explicitly assume the thin lens approximation. Here, using path integral techniques, we derive the focal length and lowest-order aberrations of the laser atomic beam lens as a function of both laser and atomic beam parameters without making the thin lens approximation. Starting from the basic form of the potential energy for an atom in a laser beam, the propagation kernel is derived for the TEM(01)* or donut mode beam. From this result the focal length and lowest-order aberrations can be found for any atomic beam profile. We consider in particular a Gaussian atomic beam. Both the full 3-D propagation kernel and its paraxial approximation are discussed. We show how the paraxial case can be obtained from the 3-D case via a stationary phase approximation of the propagation equation.


Iron‐substituted tricalcium phosphate (Fe‐TCP) (about 1 wt%) coatings are deposited on biodegradable Mg‐Ca alloys to improve their corrosion resistance. Pulsed laser deposition technique is used for coating preparation. The 2 µm thick coatings are uniformly deposited. (Ca+Fe)/P ratio for the Fe‐TCP coatings is close to the stoichiometric value. Coated and uncoated Mg‐Ca alloys are subjected to electrochemical tests to investigate the influence of the coatings on their corrosion resistance in simulated body fluid (SBF). Tafel curves corresponding to coated and uncoated Mg‐Ca alloy samples in SBF show that the most electropositive corrosion potential is reached for the Fe‐TCP‐coated Mg‐Ca deposited at 300 °C. From the obtained and calculated values of the electrochemical parameters it follows that this sample possesses the best characteristics: it has the smallest porosity and the highest protective efficiency in SBF. Equine adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells are used for 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide test and osteogenic differentiation study. Microbiology tests are performed with Escherichia coli (E. coli) (Gram−) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram+) bacteria strains. The Fe‐TCP‐coated Mg‐Ca deposited at 300 °C is characterized by the best cytocompatibility and good ability to inhibit the growth of E. coli and is recommended for biomedical implant applications.


A general method for computing critical points of planar two-dimensional Ising models is outlined. As examples the critical points of a pair of archimedean lattices are computed.


Objective To investigate the effect of modified inclined pulling manipulation on disorders of sacroiliac joint.Methods Forty-nine patients with disorders of sacroiliac joint,admitted from March to September 2012,were divided randomly into groups control(n=20,given conventional orthopaedic technique and traditional inclined pulling manipulation)and study(n=29,given conventional orthopaedic technique and modified inclined pulling manipulation).Follow-up lasted 2~3 weeks.The effects and recurrence were compared between the two groups.Results No recurrence was found in 2 groups.In control group 10 were healed,4 had remarkable effectiveness,4 had effectiveness,2 had no effectiveness;In study group 21,5,2,1,respectively.The difference was not significant(u=-1.505,P=0.132).Conclusion Modified inclined pulling manipulation has advantages such as accurate center of effort,light and handy etc.as compared with conventional,which can protect effectively surrounding muscles,ligaments and other tissues and be worth popularizing in primary health care service units.


Compared with adaptive immunity found only in vertebrates, innate immunity is the ancient system to defend against microbial infection among all animals[1] . Peptidoglycan (PGN) is N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid polymer crosslinked with short peptides. PGN is especially a unique cell wall component in bacteria and not present in eukaryotic organisms, therefore it acts as an important recognition target by the innate immune system. Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein (PGRP) was first discovered and purified in the silkworm in 1996 [2] and some other PGRPs were found in Drosophila, Anopheles and mammalian cells. Insect PGRPs can be divided in to short PGRGs (PGRP-S) and long PGRPs (PGRP-L) according to their predicted protein structure. Four PGRPs have been found in mammals: PGRP-S, PGRP-L, PGRP-Iα and PGRP-Iβ. Their functions include activation of prophenoloxidase, activation of Toll-receptor, induction of phagocytosis, amidase activity and antibacterial effects in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) [3]. Insects and mammal PGRPs share the amidase activity while the antibacterial activity of PGRP-S is unique is mammalian cells. Although PGRP was traditionally be considered as PGN-binding protein while recent studies have shown that it may recognize other molecules. The detailed functions of PGRP are still not well understood. Future research may be focused on the PGRP dependent pathway of innate immune systems.


Recent panel studies of purchasing power parity (PPP) have reported strong evidence of mean-reversion in real exchange rates. In particular, there has been a remarkable convergence in this literature on a half life for PPP deviations of 3-5 years. This paper challenges this consensus. It examines the failure of these studies to control for cross-sectional dependence in the data and finds that this has dramatic consequences, raising the significance level of tests with nominal size 5 percent to as much as 50 percent. Controlling for cross-sectional dependence, scant evidence against the random walk null is found in broad panels of countries over the period 1953-1992. This finding cannot be attributed to low power, as there is ample power in panels of this size to reject the unit-root null.


The presence of a liquid meniscus between solids can greatly affect the adhesion. A mathematical model is presented to investigate the dynamic separation process of a sphere from a flat or sphere with an intervening liquid meniscus under a constant applied force. For each case, the meniscus and viscous force are considered to account for the adhesion force in the separation process, and they are compared to show the dominated adhesion force in the process. Effects of various parameters such as the mass and radius of the sphere, viscosity, surface tension, and volume of the liquid on the separation time are investigated for the two configurations. It was found that the separation time is much longer when a sphere separates from a flat than from a sphere using the same parameters.


The cholesterol content of the cell membrane shows an important role for physical properties of the membrane and also affects the functions of some ion channels. This thesis focuses on how the cholesterol content of the cell membrane effects the temperature activation of the TRPV1 ion channel. TRPV1 is a temperature activated ion channel, which acts as a heat pain sensor in peripheral nervous system and also plays an important role in inflammatory pain sensing (heat hyperalgesia). Cholesterol content of the cell membrane was manipulated by using methylated β-cyclodextrins (either cholesterol depletion or enrichment). Whole cell patch clamping was used to record the current response of the ion channels. The experiments were carried out in a microfluidic chip which can create a patterned laminar flow for cell perfusion, and the chip was prefabricated with a thin gold layer onto the glass on the back side of the chip, so that the gold electrode can controllably heat the solution flowing out of the chip channel by applying certain voltage feedback controlled by a thermo-probe integrated system. Results showed that untreated cells were activated at about 42°C which confirmed the results from other studies, whereas the activation temperatures of cholesterol depleted and enriched cells were both significantly increased. This suggests that the effect of cholesterol on temperature activation of TRPV1 ion channel either might be direct or indirect, i.e. that cholesterol changed the membrane physical properties which affected the ion channel or the activation temperature shift was due to direct cholesterol-protein interaction.


The main problem in this activity is that the students' abilities are not maximal in relation to entrepreneurship. The main problem lies in the managerial ability of business, administration, product quality and other matters related to entrepreneurship. This is because students involved in this program do not have in-depth understanding and knowledge related to business management. In addition, the process carried out when obtaining funding was not too developed due to the relatively insufficient funding aspect. To overcome this problem, programs are compiled which will be implemented in 3 patterns, namely training, mentoring and mentoring. The type of training that will be provided is hard skills and soft skills training related to entrepreneurship development. The targets of this activity are students who receive grants from the Entrepreneurship Scheme Student Creativity Program and the Student Entrepreneurship Program. Besides that, there are also students who are interested in developing entrepreneurship. This activity was carried out at the Faculty of Sport Sciences, State University of Padang. Implemented from August to October 2020. In accordance with the objectives of this Community Service, the approach pattern to be carried out uses the Participation Actions Learnig System (PALS) pattern. This pattern is a pattern where tenants participate directly in every program that will be provided. The results obtained from the activity: 1) Increase the ability of participants related to entrepreneurial soft skills, 2) Increase the ability of participants related to entrepreneurial hard skills.


NFT development, backed by blockchain technology, is still in motion and ongoing though the hype has cooled off along with the advance of the technology. With the advancement of technology, fashion is also one thing that gets affected. Fashion, one of the human necessities, has given many business opportunities, with the SME fashion industry having a big part in it. With their limited budget, sadly, they didn't have many options to handle some of the biggest challenges in the fashion industry, which poached design and counterfeiting. Fortunately, NFT has given some solutions that could help cope with those problems. The NFT with blockchain technology could be used to protect how it works by making a unique signature to the digitized asset it is associated with. Real physical goods could be linked to the digitized version with NFT technology for recognition and protective purpose. It will help prove the digital goods' ownership and the linked physical ones. This paper sought to find out what variables affect the fashion SME industry with the NFT as the design protection and counterfeit measurement by using the qualitative narrative analysis from the data gathered using the conducted storytelling interview. The variable will then be compared with the previous study's findings for further analysis and results.


In the field of medical diagnostics, interested parties have resorted increasingly to medical imaging, it is well established that the accuracy and completeness of diagnosis are initially connected with the image quality, but the quality of the image is itself dependent on a number of factors including primarily the processing that an image must undergo to enhance its quality. We are interested in MRI medical image compression by Curvelets, of which we have proposed in this paper the compression algorithm FDCT using the wrapping method. In order to enhance the compression algorithm by FDCT, we have compared the results obtained with wavelet and Ridgelet transforms. The results are very satisfactory regarding compression ratio, and the computation time and quality of the compressed image compared to those of traditional methods.


French oil extraction in Algeria's southeastern Hassi Messaoud alone hit close to 60 million barrels only five years earlier. Time magazine touted Compagnie Francaise des Petroles' expansion into the Algerian desert as the "Miracle of the Sahara" that promised to "cure France's chronic foreign-trade deficit." The French oilfield at Hassi Messaoud promised an output of 300 million tons, approximately "15 times France's yearly petrol consumption." Etienne Hirsch, head of the Fourth Republic's economic modernization program, warned that the war against Algerian independence had become a literal roadblock, whereas France's economic prosperity meant first Algerian roads and labour. "Moslem rebel gangs," Time reported, blocked vital routes to the Mediterranean, an implication that "without peace in Algeria, the Miracle of the Sahara could easily become a mirage." When Christo made his submis


Aiming at the problem of low computational efficiency when convolutional neural network is deployed in embedded devices, this work proposes a convolution neural network acceleration architecture based on FPGA, and designs and implements a MobileNet neural network acceleration system based on FPGA. Firstly, the method of dynamic fixed-point quantization and operator fusion is designed to optimize the model. Secondly, the method of convolution block, parallel convolution calculation and data stream optimization is designed based on FPGA to improve the efficiency of convolution operation and system throughput. The system is tested on Xilinx PYNQ-Z2 platform. The average frame rate of the system is 6 fps and the power consumption is 2.45w. The system has the characteristics of low power consumption and low delay, which can effectively improve the operation efficiency of convolutional neural network algorithm in embedded devices.


All activities which are taking place in the Cosmos also exist in a human body in subtle micro-scale. Plexuses centers in a human body are the most mysterious kinds of energies. The six-center plexus system is the path of the Kundalini shakti, the primordial cosmic energy of a person. Each plexus has its own propensities (vibrating words/dimensions/vritti) and an acoustic root. These plexuses control some cluster of words of sounds and corresponding physical organs in human body. The 50 main propensities of the human's unit mind are expressed through the vibration-expression of these plexuses. These vibrations cause hormones to secrete from the corresponding glands of the human's body. These plexuses can play very important roles in curing the diseases. According to the Theory of Nikola Tesla's 369, there are all together 1 to 9 digital root numbers exist. All other higher or lower numbers are the combination of those digital root numbers. This statement seems quite true when we compare it with Theory of Absolutivity. If 3, 6, 9 numbers are arranged together it makes a letter Ohm (AUM) which represents actually a Sagun Bramh/Nikola Tesla's 369 triangle which is a part of NirgunBramh having  higher dimensions. Number zero is the NirgunBramh (having all the qualities but in dormant form) which does not possess any quality in action. Number 3, 6, 9 forming as an equilateral triangle of static, mutative and sentient forces representing the Black-hole which is a part of Sagun Bramh projecting Himself as a Visible World through Big-bang along with forming five basic elements such as Ethereal, Areal, Fire, Liquid and Solid. According to the biological science, life emerged in this planet from matter about four billion years ago in the form of DNA that carried the software for the development of billion of species on the way to its final destination in humans. These facts also fully support the above hypothesis of universe formations.


Purpose

This paper aims to synthesise and characterise N-cyclohexylmethacrylamide (NCMA) monomer which contains thermosensitive group. The characterisation of monomer was performed both theoretically and experimentally.

Design/methodology/approach

The monomer was prepared by reacting cyclohexylamine with methacryloyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine at room temperature. The synthesised monomer was characterised by using not only Density Functional Theory (DFT) and Hartree–Fock (HF) with the Gaussian 09 software but also fourier transform infrared (FT–IR), 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.

Findings

Both the experimental and the theoretical methods demonstrated that the monomer was successfully synthesised. The vibrational frequencies, the molecular structural geometry, such as optimised geometric bond angles, bond lengths and the Mulliken atomic charges of NCMA were investigated by using DFT/B3LYP and HF methods with the 3-21G* basis set. The experimental results were compared with theoretical values. The results revealed that the calculated frequencies were in good accord with the experimental values. Besides, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) and molecular electrostatic potential of NCMA were investigated by theoretical calculations at the B3LYP/3–21G* basis set.

Research limitations/implications

Monomer and polymer containing a thermosensitive functional group have attracted great interest from both industrial and academic fields. Their characterisation can provide great opportunities for polymer science by using DFT and HF methods.

Originality/value

The monomer containing a thermosensitive functional group and a various polymer may be prepared by using DFT and HF methods described in this paper. The calculated data are greatly important to provide insight into molecular analysis and then used in technological applications.


The ability to accurately measure the quality of a web interface design is critical if organizations hope to make effective decisions about their websites. Since websites are often the most publically visible face of an organization, website-related decisions can have profound impacts on the organization's prospects for success. Prior research involving web interface quality assessments has typically considered those judging an interface to be independent actors who are making decisions in a situation that is free of social influence. In real-world settings, however, website designs are frequently evaluated by groups, rather than isolated individuals. To that end, this article seeks to provide insights into the effects that group-related cognitive biases may have on web interface design assessments. Specifically, by using a controlled, randomized experiment involving more than 500 research subjects, it is shown that judges' web interface ratings can be easily manipulated by social influence phenomena, and that people assessing web interfaces in a social context are highly susceptible to informational social influence, belief perseverance, and conservatism bias. Given that these phenomena can all serve as significant sources of measurement error, and given the importance of being able to accurately measure the quality of a website design, the findings of the study suggest that organizational web interface design evaluations should be deliberately performed by individual judges in an environment that is free from social influence.


Biometric object based person identification is now gaining reliability and high acceptability. Iris as biometric object is used for such identification in many important applications. Almost all techniques, that use iris for recognition is not fully accurate. In this paper we present an accurate iris recognition system that is based on feature extraction in the eigen space and treating the iris in the lower dimensionality. Eigen irises are constructed from a set of iris images of a person, and a given iris image is recognized by passing it through different sets of eigen irises obtained from the sets of iris images of different persons in the database. We considered different numbers of eigenirises for each person, and compressed and compressed noisy iris images as well as only noisy iris images for recognition. Results show accurate person identification using this technique.


Traditionally, research investigating marketing's role and influence within the firm has focused on the marketing department and its ability to affect future firm strategies. Consequently, little is known about the antecedents of a Chief Marketing Officer's (CMO) role or influence. Yet the position of CMO is quite unique. Unlike other executive officers (e.g., CFOs), no reliable external validation or accreditation is generally recognized, required, or mandated. Similarly, firms are increasingly calling for their CMOs to justify their own existence, and many are even considering abandonment of the position entirely. The goal of this investigation is to understand how CMOs can generate influence within their respective firms given a lack of reliable external credentials. However, the current business press seems to suggest that there currently exists a great bias towards marketing in general and CMOs in particular. As a result, the current investigation uses a competing models approach to study CMO influence. Drawing upon the literature pertaining to competition, the author suggests that individuals, like firms, can generate their own competitive advantage by possessing unique bundles of resources (e.g., information).


Verrucous carcinoma oftheanusisadistinct and rare variantof well-differentia ted squamouscellcarcinoma. A caseofanal verrucous carcinoma ina35yearoldman was studied bylight microscopy andinsituDNA hybridization. Human papillomavirus (HPV) type16DNA sequences weredemonstrated in thetumourcells, aswellasincells showing koilocytotic and dyskeratotic changes. The possible viral(HPV)aetiology ofverrucous carcinoma isconsidered witha reviewofthe previous literature.


Music, which is a universal media as the language of emotions and passion, has inspired many artistic and literary works. While written works occupy an important place in the cultural sphere, musical works have fed many movements of thought in the same way, maybe even more, and have been determinative in creating meaning. In this study, a representation of the strong bond formed by music, which is considered to be the greatest form of art, with Jean Echenoz's Ravel and Pascal Quignard's All the Mornings in the World is shown based on Schopenhauer's philosophy noting that the effect of music is stronger than other forms of art because it expresses the essence of the events in life. After addressing the role of music on the literary creativity of the stated authors, this essay will discuss how music shows that the idea in everything is represented by literature through the musician-characters trying to attribute a meaning to their existence with the art of music. In the said narration models which develop a discourse on music, the art of music is one of the elements making up the narration rather than a simple ornament or form of narration. As Schopenhauer emphasized, just as words are the language of the mind, music is the language of emotions and love. In the studies examined; themes of pain, loneliness, sorrow, mourning, desire and longing are narrated with the help of the strength and effect inherent in music and attempts are made at communicating with the soul of the reader.


The features of the moulding process for transceiver rotors were analyzed. The structure of moulds, the working process and the essential designing index, especially the structural design for side core pulling, were introduced. The moulding form based on the original design was improved, which had the further progress to improve the product quality and labor efficiency, along with the reduction of manufacturing cost. A new way of the design for plastic mould with side core-pulling and the similar products is brought forward.


Migrants' long-distance economic relations with their homelands have been the subject of an extensive, albeit fragmented, multidisciplinary inquiry. Most existing studies have been primarily concerned with the north-south flow of monetary remittances that migrants send to their homelands. Using a transnational perspective informed by economic sociology tenets, this article argues that this north-south, monetary-centered approach is too limited, for it fails to heed the multiple macroeconomic effects of migrants' transnational economic and noneconomic connections and, thus, underestimates migrants' agency and their influence at the global level. Using the concept of transnational living, the study presents new vistas of transnational migration that question accepted notions about the relationship between labor mobility and capital mobility.


A numerical model for simulating unsteady flow and sediment transport in the mainstream and its tributaries at the TGR was presented in this paper, and a three-gradation method was applied to solve the flow governing equation. A experience formula was gave for the calculation of the size of groups of different coefficient of saturation recovery based on the analysis, so the traditional calculation method was improved in this paper. The validity of the model was checked with the observed data of the TGR from 2003 to 2011. Good agreement between the calculation and observed data was obtained. The simulation results show that this model could be used to simulate the flow and sediment transport at the TGR.


Abstract The leadership style and the thereof oriented behavior pattern represents the basic attitude in which a person exercises its leadership tasks. There are a series of different leadership styles with numerous explanation attempts aiming to present a model for a successful leadership behavior. The worldwide trend leads in the direction of Management by Delegation with clear operating principles which is nowadays the central point of all general interests concerning this topic but a thorough documentation regarding the different leadership styles is the starting point for each manager when trying to build a good relation with the employees. A well-defined and applied leadership style will influence the working behavior of the employees and in turns lead to a better functioning of the whole organization. The knowledge-based organization needs to be up to date with both the oldest and the newest theories concerning leadership so it can create a working relationship with its employees. The present paper aims to present the main aspects concerning leadership, leadership styles and concepts in order to find the best way of creating a successful relationship between leadership and employees by strengthening the individual responsibility of each employee and hence improving the functioning of an organization.


This article introduces two independent variables which are self-esteem and social status perception in allusion to the prevalent phenomenon of counterfeit luxury consumption. This paper discusses the effects of the two variables on consumers' decision to buy true or false luxury through measuring subjects' self-esteem level,social status perception and their will to buy true luxury or counterfeit. Results show that the two variables have significant main effect,and the interaction is also significant. As for individuals with low self-esteem,those with low social status perception are more willing to buy counterfeits than those with high social status perception; for individuals with high self-esteem,those with high social status perception are more willing to buy counterfeits than those with low social status perception. At the level of low social status perception,those with low self-esteem level are more willing to buy counterfeits than those with high self-esteem level; at the level of high social status perception,consumers' purchase difference is not significant.


This article investigates the fault‐tolerant consensus problem for switched multiagent systems with input saturation. Actuator faults including partial loss of effectiveness, outage, bias, and stuck are all considered in switched general linear systems. By utilizing the adaptive projection algorithm, low gain feedback theory, and average dwell time method, novel saturated consensus protocols are designed for both fixed and switching topologies with local information of neighboring agents. It is proven that the fault‐tolerant consensus problem can be solved with the proposed protocols in both leader‐following case and leaderless case. The innovation of this article lies not only in the fact that actuator faults, switched dynamics, and input saturation are simultaneously considered, but also in the fact that a novel modified low‐and‐high gain feedback approach is introduced to deal with various types of actuator faults. Finally, two numerical examples are given to validate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.


The stability analysis of a damaged ship is both important and challenging for an onboard loading computer. To help ship operators make reasonable decisions, a Simplified Newton Iteration Method is proposed to calculate damage stability in real time based on 3D geometric models of the ship. A 7500-dead-weight-tonnage (DWT) asphalt tanker, "TAI HUA WAN", is used to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The damage stability results of 18 typical loading conditions are calculated. The average error of righting lever GZ is 0.002 m, and the average number of iterations is nine. The calculation results show that the proposed method is simple, with real-time processes, robustness, accuracy, and certain practical value for engineering. Furthermore, based on the proposed method, a loading computer, "SMART LOAD", has been developed and approved by LR, DNV, CCS, ABS, NK and the BV Classification Society and has been installed on more than 150 vessels worldwide.


Copper nanoparticles with a diameter of 3.0 ± 0.3 nm were generated under vacuum, using a sputtering−aggregation source, and deposited onto glass or highly ordered pyrolytic graphite substrates. Upon exposure to room-temperature air, core−shell particles formed, as determined by surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and quartz crystal microgravimetry. At 160 °C in air, the core−shell particles converted predominantly to Cu2O. At 220 °C, they converted to CuO almost exclusively. The maximum oxide shell thickness attainable at room temperature was 0.56 nm, as determined by quartz crystal microgravimetry and scanning tunnelling microscope imaging. The shell thicknesses formed are compatible with a simple charge-transfer-based model akin to Mott and Fromhold−Cook theories of metal oxidation processes. The model, which yields the change in the height of the energy barrier to diffusion as a function of shell thickness, is found to be consistent with many adsor...


Clustering has been extensively used in Vehicular Ad- hoc NETworks (VANETs) for routing optimization and radio resource management, and continues to be considered to facilitate data dissemination in heterogeneous vehicular networks with the ever- increasing data traffic demands. Most of the existing clustering mechanisms in VANETs operate in a distributed mode. However, there is redundant control overhead and transmission decisions, such as cluster maintenance, parameter tuning and forwarding scheduling, which are costly in distributed modes. In this paper, a centralized clustering based hybrid vehicular networking architecture (CC-HVNA) is proposed, in which the collaborative control between IEEE 802.11p and LTE is realized to achieve clustering and to coordinate message delivery. In CC-HVNA, a volatile node state SN is set to reflect ever-changing network topology and to update clusters. Location-based Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) communications are utilized to gather regional information so as to perform centralized clusters partition and maintain cluster info table in infrastructures. We leverage a control center to integrate cluster info from the Evolved Node (eNodeB) and Road Side Units (RSUs). Owing to the possession of global cluster info, cluster changes can be detected and targeted data dissemination can be supported according to content-oriented service. The performance evaluation demonstrates that the proposed CC-HVNA clustering scheme can achieve a significant improvement of safety data dissemination.


Video streaming on a large scale can be expensive and resource demanding. Periodic broadcast reduces server bandwidth usage for popular videos. While improving the scalability this mechanism increases the WAN bandwidth and buffer space needed by a client considerably. We propose to address the high resource demands on the client side with caching by a proxy server. We present periodic broadcast schemes designed to work with proxy caching that optimize server bandwidth, client bandwidth and client buffer requirements. We show that prefix caching can lower WAN bandwidth usage and derive the lower limit on the bandwidth requirement. Similar result is obtained for server bandwidth usage with prefix caching. We show also that chunk caching can reduce client buffer space requirement to a small value. We analyze the trade-off involved in reducing usage of each of the three resources. The results of the optimization are illustrated with a group of mpeg-4 encoded videos for which optimal parameters are obtained through dynamic programming. We formulate also and solve a problem of efficient use of the proxy storage space under the assumption that such space is limited.


Abstract
The chapter reflects on the strengths and limitations of David Carpenter's proposal to support the work of research ethics committees through consideration of the virtues required by their members. Carpenter's approach has many strengths, responsibilising researchers and ethics committees, and increasing the scope for robust and active theoretical engagement with ethical issues. I bring two alternative perspectives on research ethics to bear on this discussion. First, I discuss work in care ethics and relational ethics, approaches to ethics that have some similarities with virtue ethics but also distinct differences. Bruce Macfarlane's text, on which Carpenter draws, notes care ethics briefly. I offer a more detailed consideration of what this perspective can offer, both for research ethics and for the virtuous research ethics committee. This helps to identify the relationships that are missing from a virtue ethics focus. Further, a context sensitive relational approach suggests ways in which we can strengthen Carpenter's proposals to help research ethics committees select between competing principles or virtues. Second, my research ethics expertise is in undergraduate teaching for a multidisciplinary course, and an enquiry-based learning programme, which allows students in mixed discipline groups to plan, conduct, report and present their own original social research. The research skills training provided includes an interactive introduction to research ethics, what they are for and why they matter. Since we aim to offer practical guidance to research ethics committees when they consider what they should do and how this should be done, such a first principles approach may be useful.


Exposure to indoor smoke is hazardous to health. Particles up to 2.5 microns are smoke markers in enclosed places. This study monitored the air quality in 4 gastronomic places in Asunción, Paraguay, and some conditions that influence the levels of exposure explored. The highest levels of particles found were 9.3 μg / m3. In none of the premises studied were smokers detected. There is a lack of further research on indoor air pollution for better health protection.


Nowadays information resources are one of the most important resources for effective functioning of organizations in market conditions, that are able to ensure its competitive position. Regardless of type of activity every company operates a large array of information, but the degree of its usefulness in management is different according to the development of information systems and technologies of enterprise. Therefore, effective operation of any enterprise as a whole requires accessible, timely and structured information provided by information system. Significant amount of circulating information, variety of formats for its presentation and dynamics of receipt require the development of new approaches to management, as traditional approaches are not able to cope with it. As a result, there is a need to improve and use new information systems. This is especially relevant in the context of activation the digital transformation of economy, which has a special impact on business environment not only in Ukraine, but also in the world over the past few years. Activation and globalization of these processes has an increasing impact on changes in the information space of every modern organization, which requires detailed scientific and theoretical research according to current state of socio-economic development of domestic society. The article considers the essence of information system of organization, its role in meeting the information needs of business entities in Ukraine. The main advantages of using information systems by business organizations are considered. The existing types of information systems in the conditions of transition to digital economy are indicated. The actual level of development of digital transformation in the national economy of Ukraine is presented, emphasizing the main restraining factors of the spread of digital technologies, in particular, in the private sector of economy. The main digital tools used in Ukrainian business to address key strategic and operational development goals are presented separating four main vectors: relationships with contractors, operating activities, product competitiveness and cooperation with the public sector.


Impulsive noise (IN) is an electromagnetic impairment that has been proved to be very harmful to Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) radiocommunication systems. In this paper, a novel method for removing IN from OFDM receivers is presented. The method is based in the correlation existing between the horizontal and vertical polarization components of IN, and it is applicable to OFDM systems in which communication takes place in one single polarization being the other one idle.