The new short-pulse facility at the 1.5-GeV synchrotron light source DELTA based on coherent harmonic generation (CHG) utilizes an electromagnetic undulator which can be configured as an optical klystron (undulator chicane undulator). To optimize the CHG signal, the energy modulation of the electrons in the first undulator and the longitudinal dispersion of the magnetic chicane (i.e. the R56 matrix element) have to be optimized. Since the R56 value of the hitherto existing chicane was not sufficient, a more efficient dispersive section was created by rewiring the respective magnetic coils. Simulations of the previous and present chicane will be compared to measurements of the R56 matrix element, which show that the new arrangement increases the R56 value by a factor of ten. INTRODUCTION DELTA is a 1.5-GeV synchrotron light source operated by the TU Dortmund University. The new source for ultrashort VUV pulses [1] is based on coherent harmonic generation (CHG) [2] utilizing an electromagnetic undulator (U250) which can be configured as an optical klystron, i.e. two undulators separated by a magnetic chicane. The chicane converts the laser-induced energy modulation created in the first undulator (modulator) into a density modulation (microbunching). In the second undulator (radiator), the microbunches radiate coherently at the seeding wavelength λl and harmonics thereof. The ratio of the coherent power Pc and the incoherent power Pi radiated by the whole bunch is given by [3] Pc Pi ≈ g(N, τb, τl) · bn(λl), (1) where N is the number of electrons in the bunch, τb is the bunch length (FWHM), τl is the laser pulse length (FWHM) and bn(λl) is the so-called bunching factor for a given harmonic n of the initial laser wavelength λl. A reasonable estimate for the function g is g(N, τb, τl) ≈ N ( τl τb )2 (2) and the bunching factor reads (one-dimentional model) [3] bn(λl) = Jn (nR56 k A) · exp ( − 2 (nR56 k σrel ) 2 )


This paper proposes a practical design system for the resistance estimation of high speed mono-hull craft. It uses regressive approach with artificial neural networks, which learn the teaching sample data of many pairs of input/output vectors, generalize it, and establish the nonlinear mapping relation between its i/o.The system consists of a tank test database, mapping neural networks, and a descriptive neural network. The tank test database is based on the Series 62 which has 1725 data records. The input of the Mapping neural networks is a set of speed, length, chine breadth, weight, and center of gravity position. While, its output is a set of residuary resistance, running trim, rise of center of gravity, and wetted surface. The descriptive neural network denotes the density of the tank test data. It indicates the designer how reliable the estimation is.The learning process of these artificial neural networks is based on back propagation method. The proposed system is easily implemented into the spreadsheet software, very easy to use, and has the practical accuracy, if the learning of the networks is once established.


In this paper, radiation of the space charge in a magnetically insulated transmission line oscillator (MILO) is studied. The results are as follows: the gain formula in the linear regime is derived in which the gain function is symmetric with respect to the mismatch of synchronism; the radiation field formula in the saturation regime is also derived, it shows that the radiation power at saturation is approximately proportional to the harmonic current squared. The theoretic results above are partially examined by numerical simulations.


In our proposed system the random noise present in hyper spectral image is removed by means of tensor based decomposition methods. The noises present in hyper spectral images are classified into two categories namely: signal independent noise and signal dependent noise. The noises present in the hyper spectral images have dependence on the noise variance of the signal. The input image is separated into seven different frequency bands and noise is added into some of those bands. The corresponding peak signal to noise ratio was calculated for each band based on mean square error value. In our project we are using GUI tool in MATLAB to enable user friendly approach in noise removal. The overall system comprises of three types of algorithm namely: parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), hyper spectral noise estimation (HYNE) and multidimensional Wiener filter (MWF).The first one, named as the PARAFACSI–PARAFACSD method, uses a multi linear algebra model, PARAFAC decomposition, twice to remove SI and SD noise, respectively. The second one is a combination of the multiple-linear-regression-based approach termed as the HYNE method and PARAFAC decomposition, which is named as the HYNE-PARAFAC method. The last one combines the MWF method and PARAFAC decomposition and is named as the MWF-PARAFAC method. SI noise is removed from the original image by PARAFAC decomposition, HYNE method, or MWF method based on the property of SI Noise. SD components can be further reduced by PARAFAC decomposition due to its own statistical property.


Major histocompatibility complex class I‐bound antigenic peptides generated in the cytosol are translocated into the ER by TAP. In the present study, the physical association of HSC73 with TAP in human lymphoblastoid T1 cells was demonstrated. The dissociation was induced in the presence of 10 mM ATP, indicating that the ADP‐binding form of HSC73 might be associated with TAP. We found that HSC73‐binding immunosuppressant, MeDSG disrupted the HSC73‐TAP association, whereas it did not affect the binding of HSC73 to a substrate protein. MHC class I expression on the cell surface was also downregulated. Then, the effect of MeDSG on the TAP‐mediated ER translocation was examined using two homologous model peptides, NGT‐Bw4 and NGT‐Bw6, which had distinct binding affinity to HSC73. Although high‐affinity peptide NGT‐Bw4 was translocated by TAP, low‐affinity peptide NGT‐Bw6 was not. The TAP‐dependent translocation of NGT‐Bw4 was abolished in the presence of MeDSG. Decreased presentation on the cell surface was shown for the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐A31‐restricted natural antigenic peptide F4.2, which had high affinity to HSC73, in the presence of MeDSG. It was indicated that disruption of the HSC73‐TAP association resulted in inhibition of TAP‐dependent translocation of HSC73‐bound peptides. Our findings highlighted an important role of HSC73 for feeding antigenic peptides to TAP, and suggested a possibility that a synthetic polyamine might inhibit the function of HSC73, thereby suppressing MHC class I‐restricted presentation of HSC73‐bound antigenic peptides.


AbstractTo examine whether the identification of patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome can be made using more objective criteria than presently available (1), we compared 14 patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and 12 patients with chronic fatigue (but who did not meet the criteria for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome) on sleep architecture, continuity, and sleep abnormalities from polysomnography recordings. No differences in sleep continuity or architecture were found between the two groups, except that patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome recorded significantly increased sleep latencies. There were no differences in the frequency of sleep disorders. Results indicated that apart from sleep latency, other sleep variables do not adequately differentiate patients with CFS from those with chronic fatigue and that other variables should be examined, which may validly diagnose patients with CFS.


Enrollment in post-secondary online courses has been increasing, but several studies have found that the drop rates in online courses are higher than in face-to-face. In our previous study comparing an online section of CS1 with a face-to-face flipped section, we also found the drop rate higher in the online section. Given that we plan to continue offering online options for our students, we aim to identify factors associated with success in online CS1. In this paper, we examine factors that are under students' own control such as how fully they participate in ungraded but important learning activities, and other factors that we may be able to manipulate and improve, such as students' skills for self-regulated learning, and their sense of community in the course. We found important differences between the online and flipped sections regarding what behaviours and attributes were associated with success. While completion of unmarked practice exercises was a factor for both sections, test anxiety and self-efficacy were factors only for the online section, and intrinsic goal orientation was a factor only for the flipped section.


A New Determination of the Conformation of the Lactonering in the Crystal Structure of Strophanthidin C23H32O6 · 1/2 H2O

By partial difference-Fourier-synthesis a fixed conformation of the lactone ring of the molecule B was established and geometrical parameters were determined. The reason for the occurrence of two symmetrical independent molecules was interpreted by insertion of one water molecule in the crystal structure and by different conformations of both lactone rings. Another H-bridges-system in the crystal structure was deduced.


from them and draw what implications become available. Whether one speaks of education or training, it was noted in the review of the literature that there is con siderable commonality between police and correctional types relative to knowledge areas. Law, crisis interven tion and criminology, are but a few areas. The data in the study, particularly at the second level of the discriminant functions, indicates a certain communality or convergence among personality profiles. Police and correctional types appear to have more in common in terms of personality pro files than undergraduate police and correctional aspirants. The implications here appear to suggest the avoidance of total separation between police and correctional typos in educational and training programs. Cross-pollination would appear to be healthy and an accurate representation of the data. The emphasis, therefore, should bo on those characteristics which criminal justice careers have in common, not on those which make them distinct. The fallacy of making social workers of police, and police of social workers should be avoided. The emphasis on the amalgama tion of the two distinct career areas might produce some


Objective:To explore the influence of ironmental factors on the children with congenital heart defects in Three Gorges reservoir of Chongqing.And to provide the reference for intervening population with congenital heart disease and the etiology researches.Methods:Using the platform of Chongqing medical disability identification,319 cases of congenital heart disease from 5 645 cases of disability abuse with the medical identification in Three Gorges reservoir area's districts and counties were collected,returned,investigated and sorted out,and the relationship between congenital heart disease and environmental factors was analyzed.Results:The risk factors related sequence were the following :first:to exposure pesticides,insecticides,herbicides,etc in the early stages of pregnancy; second:to have the history of respiratory tract infection and medication accidentally; third:to exposure shoe manufacturing,printing and dyeing,paint,furniture,chemicals such as benzene,lead; fourth:to have bad customs such as smoking,drinking and long-term consumption of contaminated food,vegetables,fruits,meat by pesticides,Su-long reminder,preservatives,etc; fifth:pregnant women had the disease itself,non-performing abortions and old age pregnancy; sixth:genetic factors.Conclusion:The mother exposure long-term to bad environmental factors before pregnancy,pregnancy early can obviously increase the risk of the children suffering from congenital heart defects.It has am important practical significance for the prevention of children with congenital heart disease to strengthen the pregnant women's care,protection in the early stage of pregnancy and pay attention to prenatal health check-ups during pregnancy.


Appearances can be deceiving and this pictorial essay illustrates the imaging appearance of breast lesions which may or may not appear as classic for malignancy. These cases are considered unusual, interesting and uncommonly encountered, thus providing an avenue for better collaboration and as a teaching point for both radiologists and pathologists.


A simple and rapid diagnostic assay system was developed for detecting and identifying human alpha-herpesviruses, such as herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 and varicella-zoster virus, by polymerase chain reaction. This system was based on an amplification step, using primers that bind the DNA polymerase consensus sequence of alpha-human herpesviruses, and a detection step, using non-radioactive virus-specific probes. This method could be used to amplify any human alpha-herpesviruses, and each virus-specific probe was highly specific for identification of the amplified product. This system is readily applicable for implementation in the clinical laboratory.


A structural study is reported of the mixed chelate compounds of cobalt(III) with the quadridentate dianion ligand NN′-ethylenebis (salicylideneiminate)(salen and some methyl substistuted analogues) and some potentially bidentate monoanion ligands: β-diketonates, salicylaldehyde, and ω-nitroacetopheone. Structures in soluton have been correlated with solid state structures, now known from recent three-dimemsioanl X-ray crystallographic studies. Roliance is largely on n.m.r(1H and 19F) data, with some help from the i.r and visible and u.v electronic spectra. The compounds generally have a distored octahedral six-co-ordinate structure with a non-planar strained salen moiety. Evidence is reported for isomers of many of the compounds and their interconversion, giving equilibrium mixtures in solution. Their range of stability has been investigated, and it is shown that in donor solvents reaction occurs giving the species [Co(salen)(solvent)2][β-diketonate] in which the quadridentate ligand its more stable, essentially planar structure. No evidence could be found for species in which the β-diketonate is bonded to the metal in an alternative mode through the methylene carbon atom.


Both taxation and accounting are concerned with economic transactions; both have had to face the argument that within their respective domains transactions should be analysed according to their 'economic substance' rather than their legal form. Within the UK tax system the law has eschewed that doctrine until very recently, but in the world of accounting it seems to have been embraced as a principle, concept or consideration underlying accounting practice. Whether this represents a contradiction between the practices of taxation and accounting, between lawyers and accountants, or whether the issue is different in the two contexts, notwithstanding the use of the same terminology, is considered here. In their professional domain accountants have encompassed both taxation and accounting to such an extent that it would not be surprising if there was an idea shift from one to other. However, like many such shifts it may not be wholly appropriate, or the idea itself may need further explication. In particular there is the danger that substance over form is seen as a peculiarly legal doctrine, whereas it will be argued that it is a general issue potentially applicable wherever there is a rule governed activity. That being so, substance is not something to be determined exclusively by reference to legal, or for that matter economic, characteristics; it is something which derives from the perspective of the activity under consideration. As an idea, substance over form can be discussed in a quite neutral sense; but its application will always depend on the context. Substance is to be understood in the context of prior definitions or norms; it is not determinative of those definitions or norms. In that sense it is a second order issue. Substance over form is therefore not regarded here as a fundamental accounting paradigm which can determine accounting outputs. This paper suggests, using taxation as an example, that the doctrine of substance over form has more than one meaning; at one level it is a legal doctrine of construction, (or in more general terms it is a question of categorisation)); at another it is an equitable concept employed by those charged with administering generalised rules in a hostile environment. Taxation is a rule-governed activity; tax law represents the rules by which tax policy is administered. By contrast, accounting has not always been a rule-governed activity. It has been practised and only relatively recently has that practice been regulated, latterly through accounting standards. These standards, or rules, seek to administer the activity which is accounting, but they are grounded in an extant practice. In essence they seek to codify that practice by formalising the consensus on best practice as rules; and they seek to do so in an increasingly internally consistent way. To that end attempts have been made (notably in the US) to formulate a conceptual framework a conceptual base to underpin the specific rules of individual standards. In so doing, consistency with fundamental concepts may in fact require a change in the detail of practice or existing standards. It will be argued that the doctrine of substance over form in accounting has two facets broadly similar to those at issue in taxation. One is the question of categorisation, the other is the equitable application of accounting rules. The problem


The effects of periodic starvation on proximate muscle composition in Chinese drum Miichthys miiuy juveniles bred early were investigated at(22±2)℃.The juveniles weighing 5.8-7.1 g were randomly divided into six groups(S0,S1,S3,S6,S9 and S12),starved for 0,1,3,6,9,and 12 days and then fed for 0,1,3,6,9,and 12 days.The results showed that the moisture in difference groups were significantly different compared with S0(P0.05),and increased with increase in starvation period.But there were no significant differences between the groups of S1 and S3,S6 and S9,S9 and S12.The protein content was reduced with the increasing starvation period,without significant differences among S0,S1 and S3(P0.05).With the increase in starvation period,the lipid content was found to decrease from 1.65%(S0) to 0.85%(S12),without significant differences between S3 and S6,S6 and S9.The carbohydrate content was significantly reduced from 2.77% to 1.84% among the groups.There were high contents of aspartic acid,glutamic acid,leucine and lysine in the muscles.After several different periodic starvation,both the total amino acid and the 16 kinds of amino acid contents were reduced significantly(P0.05).The total essential amino acid content was decreased from 6.004%(S0) to 5.119%(S9),but the total essential amino acids content in S12 reached to 5.443%.The saturated fatty acid(SFA) contents were found to reduce significantly with the increase in starvation period(P0.05),and ranked descendantly in percentage as: C21:0C17:0C18:0C15:0C14:0C22:0C24:0C16:0C23:0.The monounsaturated fatty acid(MUFA)content was reduced firstly and then increased,but the polyunsaturated fatty acid content(PUFA)was firstly increased and then reduced,and ranked descendantly in percentage as: C18:3n-3C20:4n-6C20:5n-3C18:3n-6C22:6n-3C18:2n-6.The results indicated that the SFA was firstly used,then the MUFA,and finally the PUFA during the starvation period.The n-3,n-6 and n-9 PUFA showed different expenditure rates during the period as a descendsant order of ∑n-9 PUFA∑n-6 PUFA∑n-3 PUFA.


The lack of a reliable rechargeable lithium metal (Li-metal) anode is a critical bottleneck for next-generation batteries. The unique mechanical properties of lithium influence the dynamic evolution of Li-metal anodes during cycling. While recent models have aimed at understanding the coupled electrochemical-mechanical behavior of Li-metal anodes, there is a lack of rigorous experimental data on the bulk mechanical properties of Li. This work provides comprehensive mechanical measurements of Li using a combination of digital-image correlation and tensile testing in inert gas environments. The deformation of Li was measured over a wide range of strain rates and temperatures, and it was fitted to a power-law creep model. Strain hardening was only observed at high strain rates and low temperatures, and creep was the dominant deformation mechanism over a wide range of battery-relevant conditions. To contextualize the role of creep on Li-metal anode behavior, examples are discussed for solid-state batteries, "dead" Li, and protective coatings on Li anodes. This work suggests new research directions and can be used to inform future electrochemical-mechanical models of Li-metal anodes.


The invention relates to a method for bi-activating an active electronic tag, in particular to a method for activating an active electronic tag in the state of semi-dormancy by means of timing activation, and a method for activating the active electronic tag in the state of complete dormancy by means of passive activation. Two activation modes achieve free conversion by using a reader-writer, and the mode of passive activation is always effective in the life cycle of the whole active electronic tag. In the process of passive activation, passive activation equipment generates continuous low frequency signals, and sends the self ID. The signals are received by passive receiving equipment to generate a pulse signal, which is to be transmitted into the tag to activate an internal circuit of the tag and make the state of the tag converted into working from complete dormancy. The method can ensure that the active electronic tag works coordinately under the control of two activation modes to be awoken within 1ms, ensure practicability and reliability of the reading and writing of data, and prolong the service life of the active electronic tag with low energy consumption.


The main purpose of this article is to compare the profitability of foreign and domestic enterprises in Poland. It is assumed that foreign enterprises achieve better financial results in host country than domestic enterprises because of i.e. higher innovativeness of foreign enterprises (as in technology and organizational sphere) and better capital use. The analysis was conducted among large foreign-controlled and domestic – controlled enterprises in Poland. The research results indicate that taking risk related to financing by foreign capital led the direct invested enterprises to achieve higher profitability rates what may contribute to better development of foreign companies in Poland.


Better Red than dead?" This question was still being debated in Europe when the first batch of US grad students arrived in the USSR under terms of the cultural exchange signed by Willliam Lacy for the US State Department and Soviet Ambassador Georgii Zarubin on January 27, 1958. Most of the twenty American students arrived at Moscow State University (MGU) in September, but a few went to Leningrad State University. Their Soviet counterparts went to Harvard and Columbia—the only US universities the Soviets deemed on a par with MGU and Leningrad. As one of those at MGU, I proposed to the History Faculty that I research "Soviet Disarmament Policy, 1917-1934," for my Ph.D. at Columbia. A sign of future trouble, when the department typed the title in Russian, it came out as "The Soviet Struggle for Disarmament." On the positive side, the department assigned as my adviser a retired diplomat specializing in disarmament, Boris Efimovich Shtein, out of favor in the late Stalin years because he had been close to another Jew suspected of pro-Western leanings, Maksim Litvinov.


Two-dimensional and quasi-3D in-flight ice accretion simulation codes have been widely used by the aerospace industry for the last two decades as an aid to the certification process. Such codes predict 2-D sectional ice shapes, which are then manufactured from a light material and attached as disposable profiles on a test aircraft to investigate it for stability and control under icing encounters. Although efficient for calculating ice shapes on simple geometries, current codes encounter major difficulties or simply cannot simulate ice shapes on truly 3D geometries such as nacelles, high-lift wings, engines and systems that combine external and internal flows. Modern Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technologies can overcome many of these difficulties and FENSAP-ICE is such a second generation CFD-based in-flight icing simulation system, bringing to the icing field simulation methods already by the aircraft and turbomachinery industries. It is built in a modular and interlinked fashion to successively solve each of flow, impingement, accretion, heat loads and performance degradation via field models based on the Euler/Navier-Stokes equations for the clean and degraded flow, and new partial differential equations for the other three icing processes. This paper presents the FENSAP-ICE system and shows examples of its use.© 2003 ASME


Introduction: The gherkin because of its high content in fiber, and low in total fat is suitable as hipolipidemic.
Objective: Compare the effect on the lipid profile between gherkin and/or atorvastatin in Rattus rattus var albinus.
Material and Methods: A randomized study was realized. It worked with 36 Rattus rattus var albinus males; were divided in 3 experimental groups (GE) and 1 group control (GC).
Subjected to 3 weeks of conditioning, 2 weeks of high fat diet (PIG); later I administered gherkin and / or atorvastatin to GE. The lipid profile in each stage was measured and it was applied to the test of variance analysis and test of Duncan.
Results: In the HDL level there was a greater decrease in the CG (23.22 mg/dl); in LDL level there was a greater decrease with the treatment of in gherkin and atorvastatin (GE3) (20.05 mg/dl) where p 0.05); in HDL there was a greater decrease in the GE 3 (29.33 mg/dl) where p <0.01.
Conclusions: The consumption of gherkins and/or atorvastatin has a partial hipolipidemic effect in Rattus rattus var albinus


I RYBCZYK, J.M.; ZHANG, X.W.; DAY, J.W., Jr.; HESSE, I., and FEAGLEY, S., 1995. The im pact of Hurricane Andrew on tree mortality, litterfall, nutrient flux, and water quality in a Loui siana coastal swamp forest. Journal of Coastal Research, SI No. 21, pp. 340-353. Fort Lauderdale (Florida). ISSN 0749-0208. On 26 August 1992, the eye of Hurricane Andrew passed within 80 kilometers of a hydrologically isolated, forested wetland in southern Louisiana where we have been collecting water quality and forest productivity data since 1988. Hurricane-induced tree mortality ranged from 1.8 ? 1.2% to 8.2 ? 2.3% of all trees within the three sites in our study area. Hurricane-generated leaf flux to the swamp ranged from 30% to 41% of the normal total annual leaf litterfall. The hurricane leaf nutrient flux was equivalent to up to 45% of the normal annual nutrient flux because nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in the hurricane-generated leaf litter were significantly higher than normal autumn leaf litter. We examined the effect of this flux on water quality (TKN, N03-N, to tal P, P04-P, K, Cl, Na, dissolved oxygen, and BOD5) in a section of the swamp receiving second arily treated wastewater effluent and a similar control swamp, not affected by wastewater. From May 1992 to September 1993, the concentrations of all water quality parameters considered here, except dissolved oxygen, were significantly higher in the treatment site (P < 0.05) than in the con trol site because of effluent inputs. Hurricane litter had no effect on dissolved oxygen concentra tions in either site because these systems are naturally dystrophic. We measured an increase in biochemical oxygen demand in the control site after the hurricane, probably because decomposi tion was N limited. A similar increase was not observed in the enriched site after the hurricane, and normally high N03-N concentrations were reduced, suggesting that microbial decomposers were utilizing this effluent supplied source of nitrogen. Water column concentrations of TKN, to tal P, and PO4-P were not affected by the influx of leaf litter; however, K concentrations increased significantly in the control site. Concentrations of Na and Cl remained at normal levels in both sites after the hurricane, indicating that no coastal water reached the site. ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS: Biochemical oxygen demand, decomposition, dissolved oxygen, leaching, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, translocation, wastewater effluent.


AS PHYSICIANS and surgeons who treat patients with malignant neoplasms of the oral cavity and pharynx, we are all too familiar with the patient who presents himself in our office with a far-advanced malignant neoplasm in this area. With the full realization that such tumors produce relatively few or no symptoms in their early stages, we do know that the diagnosis in many of the patients could have and should have been made at a much earlier stage of their disease. Any technique, clinical or laboratory, which might advance this objective, is and should be supported most wholeheartedly by all of us. The early diagnosis of cancer has been a prime objective of the American Cancer Society, which has been responsible for the greatly increased awareness of this disease by the general public and the importance of its early diagnosis. Nonetheless, in its uncritical zeal it occasionally supports foolish and


Fig. 1 prepared 7-aminothiazolyl-3-vinylcephalosporins la ~ lj having a catechol substituent linked to the vinyl group via an isoxazole moiety, which is known to enhance activity against Gram-positive bacteria, to achieve a balanced antibacterial spectrum and investigated their structure-activity relationships. Chemistry Protection of 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (2, X= H) followed by oxime formation afforded aldoxime 4, which was subjected to the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction


1. The trophic ecology of organisms is often mediated by habitat characteristics. Ants are key organisms of most food webs, and their diet can be plastic depending on the relative availability of different nutrients.


Using the catalog of O'Neil, Bothun, & Schombert (1999), we examine the central surface brightness distribution (phi(mu_B(0))) of galaxies in the 22.0 < mu_B(0) < 25.0 mag arcsec^{-2} range. Taking advantage of having a catalog in which each galaxy has a known central surface brightness, scale length, and redshift, we apply a bi-variate volume correction to the data and extend the surface brightness distribution function by one magnitude, to 25.0 B mag arcsec^{-2}. The result is a flat (slope = 0) surface brightness distribution function from the Freeman value of 21.65 +/- 0.30 to the survey limit of 25.0 mag arcsec^{-2}, more than 11 sigma away. This indicates that a significant percentage of the baryonic content of the universe is likely in potentials only dimly lit by the embedded galaxy.


With the development of economy and the growth of population, water ecological environment of Fen River in the section of Taiyuan urban district has been severely polluted. Based on the general concept of ecological security and the pressure-state-response conceptual model, this paper constructed a water ecological security assessment system consisting of eighteen assessment indicators, set the classification standard of each assessment indicator, and determined their weights. Besides, by using this system and the analytic hierarchy process, we quantitatively assessed the water ecological security in Taiyuan. Our results showed that the water ecosystem is in a lower security level in 2010, and after a series of measures, such as ecological environment management and integrated water resources protection are performed, the water ecosystem would gradually recover to the security level in 2015, 2020 and 2030, but still fails to reach the ideal level. This research may contribute to the macro control over urban water ecological construction and the environment improvement in Taiyuan urban district.


Abstract Two programs designed in collaboration with a Chinese-American dance company for New Jersey students revolved around cultural themes embedded in traditional Chinese calligraphy and dance. The programs took place in two different settings. The first was in an elementary public school that adopted an integrated world curriculum to include Chinese language and culture, and the second was at The City Museum in Trenton, which hosted a workshop titled "Forms in Motion," combining both Chinese calligraphy and dance scheduled during Black History Month for fifth graders. Introduction In an interview with Bill Moyers, the Confucian scholar Tu Wei-ming, identified two seemingly contradictory forces in operation in the global village at the dawn of the twenty-first century: interdependence or interconnectedness, along with a strong desire for individual roots. At the same time, there is no single global culture. Instead, there are various global cultures, with their own languages, codes, and world-views (Bradford, 2000). If community can be defined "by modes of participation and engagement, through local gatherings in a specific physical space or through the electronic media of the World Wide Web, then though there is not a single global culture,"(Pitman, 1999) it could be said that there is a New World Community. As educators in the twenty-first century, the challenge will not only be how to prepare our students for the borderless Electronic--marketplace, but to instruct on humanity, both of the individual and of community which will be vital in forming a "global consciousness." American values stress individual autonomy, personal success in a competitive free-enterprise system. However, the American competitiveness paradigm has created widespread distrust abroad about this country's motives and practices which has resulted in trust barriers. Seen as an important core competence, trust is not only important among individuals, but within and among organizations from education institutions to governments. The competitiveness paradigm tends to reinforce a survivor mentality that is present-time oriented, whereas international and intercultural education stands clearly for change that should be future oriented. In one way, product quality can be less important than trust. For the New World Community to survive and thrive, a new consciousness will need to be nurtured in students in order to gain the higher order thinking and behaving. Arts Collaborations In the United States, partnerships and collaborations between arts organizations and educational institutions are a key for connecting arts standards to national goals. For example, museum-school collaborations have formed in major cities with museums and galleries that house permanent Asian collections and host special temporary exhibits. Collaborative ventures between professional arts institutions and arts professionals introduce techniques that energize school curricula, enhance teacher professionalism, and engage students in imaginative projects and hands on learning. (Piro, 1997) This discussion will center on the artistic and cultural contributions of The Nai-Ni Chen Dance Company, a Chinese American company in two settings: one in an elementary public school in Elizabeth, New Jersey and the other at an inner city museum, which hosted a workshop titled "Forms in Motion," combining Chinese calligraphy paired with dance for fifth graders during Black History Month. In both collaborations, cultural themes deeply embedded in traditional Chinese art were introduced to the students. While the six arts (propriety, music, charioteering, archery, calligraphy, and mathematics) were considered integral to self-cultivation, Confucians and Taoists alike shared the belief that artistic creativity surfaced desirable aspects of moral character (Tu, 1985). This discussion focuses on the way in which the arts of China can convey the humanistic elements in Chinese culture. …


Cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea is a rare disease entity, especially when brought on by spontaneous causes. The site of leakageshould be identified to treat the disorder effectively. Various localizing modality was suggested in the literatures. Intrathecalgadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging identifies the small leakage site easily and correctly. Hydroxyapatite cementis a calcium phosphate-based material that forms dense paste mixed with water or sodium phosphate solution. Hydroxyapatitecement is remarkable for its excellent biocompatability in interacting with the native bone to osseointergrate with the surroundingbone. We report on our experience of successfully treating a patient with the cerebrospinal fluid leak from the congenital innerear anomaly using the hydroxyapatite cement.


Adeno-associated satellite virus type 1 was disrupted by lyophilization and subsequent rehydration with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), or by treatment with lithium thiocyanate (LiSCN).The virus subunit


Abstract In this article, the gully erosion susceptibility map (GESM) was developed for the Abdanan region, Ilam province, Iran using frequency ratio (FR), logistic regression (LR), an ensemble of radial basis function (RBF) and imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) models. At first, 74 gully erosion locations have been recognized and then 52 (70%) cases had been regarded for training, while 22 (30%) cases validate the models. To model the GESM, 12 affecting factors on gully erosion were identified and prepared in a GIS environment, including altitude, slope angle, slope aspect, plan curvature, topographical wetness index (TWI), normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI), soil type, rainfall, distance to river, distance to road, lithology and land use in the study area. According to the results of LR model, slope aspect factor (2.439) is the most important and NDVI factor (–1.462) has the least importance on the occurrence of gully erosion. Also, the results of FR model show that MuPlaj class (FR = 2.5) of lithology factor is the most important in gully erosion. The ROC–AUC has been applied to confirm the accuracy of the models. The ROC–AUC results show efficiencies of 89.9%, 88.3% and 85.1% for RBF–ICA, LR and FR models, respectively.


The interleaved boost converter with magnetic coupling is a recent DC-DC converter topology that has drawn attention for its reduced size and good voltage gain. However, for its proper functioning, a real converter has to be controlled to deal with the unavoidable imbalance of the currents. This paper compares two control techniques applied on an interleaved boost converter with magnetic coupling. Therefore, the characteristics of the selected converter, the average current control and predictive control techniques are presented. As a result, it was found that the average current controller has the characteristic of zero steady state error, in contrast, the predictive controller allows an error in the estimated variables which causes the output voltage not to be equal to the reference value. The predictive controller considers and uses the discontinuous mode of operation, but controller has a higher computational cost than the average current controller.


This thesis explores microaggression in New Zealand based on stories of lived experiences written and shared by Asian New Zealanders. It examines how Asian New Zealanders are able to express their feelings, thoughts, and experiences of microaggression through stories in online spaces, and how such narratives are used as performative elements for social change and activism against racism. I show how incredibly hurtful and damaging microaggressions are, by focusing on the stories of my participants, where they expressed feelings of hurt, disappointment, frustration, and anger as well as significant impacts on their sense of identity and belonging in New Zealand. These were largely effects of experiencing multiple, constant, and ongoing acts of microaggression; I argue that this is the predominant type of racism that Asian New Zealanders are facing. The stories and the act of storytelling allowed Asian New Zealanders to initiate discussion and awareness to strive for social change against issues of racism that had persisted and distressed them for so long. Listening to and analysing their voices and the stories has allowed me to deeply engage with the impact of casual racism and also to detect new voices that use storytelling as an empowering device and to gather strength for resistance and speaking back.


The Kuroshima Knoll, located in the southwestern part of the Ryukyu Arc, is one of the best fields for the study of gas hydrate dissociation, because the Pressure-Temperature condition at the top of the knoll is close to the phase boundary between gas and hydrate. In order to understand the geothermal structure around the Kuroshima Knoll, heat flow and thermal conductivity measurements were carried out around the knoll during the R/V "Kaiyo" KY03-09 Cruise. During heat flow measurements we found that the vertical variation of water temperature was as large as 1.2 degC just above the seafloor at Sites A and B on top of the knoll. This can either be temporal or spatial variation, and it disturbs the subbottom temperature field significantly, possibly affecting the state of hydrate. The heat flow value is 42 mW/m 2 and thermal conductivity is 1.0 W/m/K at the Site 2 in the Yaeyama Basin. The thermal conductivity value in the Yaeyama Basin istypical for the ordinary marine sediment. On the other hand, the thermal conductivity is much higher (1.8 Wm -1 K -1 ) at the Calyptogena colony site (Site A) on top of the knoll.


The study seeks to investigate the relationship of stock market developent with financial structure of firms in Pakistan. Quantitative approach is used in this study. For this purpose, secondary data is obtained from published annual reports of 100 non-financial firms listed in Pakistan Stock Exchange from 2008-2018. The data related to stock index is obtained from daily KSE 100 stock index ranging from 2008 to 2018. Dynamic panel model has been used; two step system GMM panel estimators are applied for empirical testing of hypothesis. The study indicates that two stock market development measures like stock market capitalization and trading volume increases the debt level in financial structure. However, stock market volatility decreases the optimal financial structure of firms. The study is beneficial for corporate managers for efficient and optimal financial decision making. Moreover, the study has novel contribution in the relationship of various stock market development measures with number of financial structure measures.


Eight years ago, corrosion and tube denting seriously threatened the reliability and design life of steam generators, especially for closed loop arrangements in pressurized water reactors (PWRs). Concentrated research by the Steam Generator Owners Group (SGOG) diagnosed the causes and produced effective solutions, notably guidelines for water chemistry control in the secondary loop. The guidelines recommend specific levels of water impurities and remedial actions to prevent cooling-water leaks in the condenser, prevent air leaks, limit corrosion product buildup, and remove some impurities while neutralizing others. Continued research in SGOB-II is investigating intergranular corrosion and stress corrosion cracking. 3 figures.


Cold contact urticaria is an inducible urticaria triggered by exposure to cold air, liquids, or objects. Symptoms may range from mild, localized urticaria to genuine anaphylaxis particularly after extensive contact of large skin areas to cold. Treatment mainly requires a strict avoidance of cold exposure and the use of second‐generation H1 antihistamine. In most cases, it is not associated with any specific etiology although in rare cases it can be secondary to various associated diseases or triggered by a number of external factors. We present the observation of a 38‐year‐old woman for whom cold contact urticaria began on a recent tattoo area.


In this paper we present a passivity-based control (PBC) design for stabilisation of a DC-DC buck converter subject to nonlinear loads and matched and unmatched disturbances. We propose a stabilising dynamic controller that also implements integral action in the closed-loop system to reject constant disturbances. We show that the desired equilibrium in closed loop is exponentially stable and that it is input-to-state-stable with respect to matched and unmatched disturbances. The controller is designed within the framework of port-Hamiltonian theory, which allows us to ensure stability and robust closed-loop properties. We also characterise, in terms of the Volt-Ampere functions, the class of nonlinear loads that the controller can handle. The resulting controller is a classical interconnection and damping assignment PBC with integral action. An advantage of our design process is that we solve the so-called matching equation by construction; thus, we avoid the need of solving partial differential equations (PDEs). The performance of the control system is assessed via numerical simulations of the closed loop under several disturbance scenarios.


Objective To explore the effects of mental intervention on elderly patients with chronic atrophic gastritis. Methods Fifty elderly patients with chronic atrophic gastritis treated from May 2011 to June 2012 were divided into two groups randomly. The control group(n=25) received conventional therapy, and individual mental intervention was applied only to patients in the treatment group(n=25). Difference of clinical effects between the two groups was observed. Change of SCL-90 symptoms index before and after the treatment in each group was analyzed too. Results The treatment group showed better effects than the control group(total efficiency: 80%, 48%; P 0.05), and SCL-90 symptoms index in the treatment group decreased significantly after treatment. Conclusion Reasonable mental intervention helps to rehabilitate elderly patients with chronic atrophic gastritis and improve their life quality.


The objective of the present work is to measure the surface roughness and chip thickness of the mild steel work piece in turning using vegetable oil used as a cutting fluid. In this experimental work we have used single point cutting tool for machining of mild steel (AISI 1008) work piece. The Sunflower oil and Soyabean oil is used as a cutting fluid and also the machining process is done in Dry condition. In this experimental work the tests are performed with different feed rates, cutting speeds and constant depth of cut. Surface roughness and Chip thickness values are measured from these experiments. The High speed steel (H.S.S) tool is used for experimental work. Totally nine experiments are carried out and the results are graphically represented and analyzed. On the basis of data obtained from the experiments performed, the variation of surface roughness and chip thickness is investigated and compared in order to predict the better cutting fluid. Keywords—Turning, Mild steel (AISI 1008), Sunflower oil, Soyabean oil, Surface roughness, Chip thickness.


This study examines the relationship among gender, religiosity, and death anxiety. A total of 236 college student participants completed the Intrinsic Religious Motivation Scale, Revised Death Anxiety Scale, and a personal questionnaire. Factor analyses, Pearson correlation, and both linear and quadric regression analyses were conducted. The results showed a relationship between religiosity and death anxiety, and a positive relationship between intrinsic religious motivation and frequency of religious service attendance and strength of belief. Female participants seemed to show more fear of pain than their male counterparts. A curvilinear relationship was present because people of intermediate religious motivation had higher death anxiety than those who were both high and low on the religious motivation scale.


AbstractThe Hargreaves equation (HE) is the most reliable and diffused temperature-based method for the estimate of the reference crop evapotranspiration ETo in areas with limited meteorological data. Several studies proposed its further enhancement by adopting correction equations for recalibrating its parameters, specifically the empirical Hargreaves coefficient, C=0.0023. In this paper, a local recalibration for southern Italy is shown, taking as a reference the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Penman-Monteith (PM) equation applied over 137 (34 coastal and 103 inland) meteorological stations, allowing the estimation of 357,920 daily ETo values in the period 1994–2011. Through a regression analysis, the adjusted Hargreaves coefficients (AHC), minimizing the errors for each individual station between the HE and the FAO Penman-Monteith equation, and providing better performances than the original HE applied at the monthly scale, were correlated to the available daily meteorolo...


Introduction Since their advent, barbed sutures have been applied to an increasing array of surgeries, with proponents claiming that the barbs provide for a more secure closure while decreasing operative times by obviating the need for knot tying. We evaluate the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of using the unidirectional barbed V-Loc suture in robotic sacrocolpopexies and compare it with the use of the standard PDS suture.


Reducing the noise associated with small-animal positron emission tomography (PET) images is an important and challenging task. Recently, several hybrid denoising techniques based on wavelet transform (WT) have been developed. However, these hybrid methods have complicated mathematical structures and require complex parameter estimations, and they therefore require a high level of manual intervention. Under such circumstances, good performance with respect to image quality using these new methods would only seem to be achievable with an increased computational burden. In this paper, we propose a novel wavelet denoising (WD) method. This method is based on scanner-dependent threshold estimation and the Visushrink method. The method provides a compromise between computational burden and image quality. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method is better than the Visushrink method. Compared with the Visushrink method, the proposed method provides good image quality at higher decomposition levels. In terms of usability and efficiency, the proposed method is better than the hybrid method. The proposed WD method also has several useful properties; therefore, it is possible that it might become an alternative solution to reducing the noise associated with small-animal PET images.


This paper is part of a dissertation of Master Dedree in Information Science yet defended. It has as a principal theme the use of informations published in newspapers as source of academic researches.The journalistic information fills a gap of information systems about many subjects. In some cases, this information is the only informatinal resource. It is useful to
preserve the national, local, institutional and, perhaps, personal memory. These information have to be appreciated, diffused and protected because it is an instrument
of knowledge democratization, among other ways, by the scientific divulgation, using a
simple language, being acessible, cheap and straighting the citizenship by insertion of people in the social context. Therefore, the existence of clipping and/or Newspapersarchives gain ground and demand to
their administration prepared and smart professionals attuned to the social events.


Objective To explore the anti-fatigue effects of a compound consisting of pollen,ginsenoside and some B vitamins,so as to provide experimental basis for developing anti-fatigue functional food.Methods Male ICR mice were divided into a control group and 3 experimental groups(low-dose-compound group,medium-dose-compound group,and high-dose-compound group).Different concentrations of compound nutritional supplement(1,10,100 mg/mL)were given to the experimental groups by intragastric injection of 0.5 mL qd for 10 d,and the control group with equal volume of distilled water.Results The loaded swimming test showed that the exhausted swimming time of 3 experimental groups 〔(18.09±4.05)min,(28.69±6.94)min,(15.29±5.86)min respectively〕 were longer than that of control group〔(10.6±1.85)min,P0.05,P0.01〕.The Morris Water Maze test showed that the escape latency of medium dose group 〔(22.57±13.95)s〕 was significantly shorter than that of control group 〔(40.19±12.65)s,P0.05〕.The contents of hepatic glycogen and muscle glycogen in experimental groups were all significantly higher than that in control group(P0.05,P0.01).Moreover,the total antioxidant capacity(TAOC)and the capacity to inhibit hydroxy radical(·OH)were increased(P0.05,P0.01),and the level of MDA in serum was decreased(P0.05)in experimental groups.Conclusion The compound is able to improve exercise tolerance,and ability of learning and memory,which may be related to the increase in glycogen stores and the improvement of antioxidant ability.


In this paper we investigate potential conflicts of interest in the issuance of public securities in a setting analogous to a universal bank, that is, the underwriting of initial public offerings by investment banks that hold equity in a firm through a venture capital subsidiary. We contrast two hypotheses. Under "rational discounting," all market participants fully anticipate the conflict. The "naive investor" hypothesis suggests that investment banks are able to utilize superior information when they underwrite securities. The evidence supports the rational discounting hypothesis. Initial public offerings that are underwritten by affiliated investment banks perform as well or better than issues of firms in which none of the investment banks held a prior equity position. Investors do, however, require a greater discount at the offering to compensate for potential adverse selection. We also provide evidence that investment bank–affiliated venture firms address the potential conflict by investing in and subsequently underwriting less information‐sensitive issues. Our evidence provides no support for the prohibitions on universal banking instituted by the Glass‐Steagall Act of 1933.


In the paper three kinds of framework of strain gradient plasticity recently developed and their applications are reviewed: strain gradient plasticity for CS solid-the couple stress-theory, strain gradient plasticity for SG solid, and mechanism-based strain gradient (MSG) plasticity. The applications are mainly focussed on the fracture problems. One way of accounting for material compressibility is suggested. The review is confined to the deformation theory version, though the flow theory version can be parallelly constructed.


In the Colorado Desert of California, female Culiseta inornata (Diptera: Culicidae) were active from Sept.-June, while males were active from Oct.-May.

In airborne populations, during Oct. through Feb., nullipars comprised 40% or less of the empty females examined. Parous females alone were captured in Sept., and from Mar.-June. Among resting females, the occurrence of nullipars varied directly with changing population level in Oct. and Nov. (between 0 and 50% of empty females=nulliparous), but inversely with levels during Feb. and Mar. (100% of empty females=nulliparous).

Aestival populations of C. inornata were inferred to consist of small numbers of females who either possess fully developed oocytes, or have completed at least one gonotrophic cycle. Male C. inornata do not survive the summer.


The present and future demand for food caused by population growth require a greater degree of intensification of production systems, but in the case of livestock, its development has involved changes in land use and environmental deterioration. Therefore, the production of meat and milk must not exceed the limits of the use of natural resources and mitigate the environmental deterioration caused. The main effect associated with livestock activity is the emission of greenhouse gases, the same origination of deforestation for the establishment of grazing areas and forage crops, as well as the enteric fermentation of cattle. This problem requires an analysis of the interaction, between livestock, and the * Autor para correspondencia: firstname.lastname@example.com Cita del artículo: Parra-Cortés RI, Magaña-Magaña MA, Piñeiro-Vázquez AT (2019). Intensificación sostenible de la ganadería bovina tropical basada en recursos locales: alternativa de mitigación ambiental para América Latina. Revisión Bibliográfica. ITEA-Información Técnica Económica Agraria 115(4): 342-359. https://doi.org/10.12706/itea.2019.003 Parra-Cortés et al. (2019). ITEA-Inf. Tec. Econ. Agrar. 115(4): 342-359 343


Because of the short distance between subway stations, frequent starting and braking, a lot of energy will be produced during regenerative braking. The traditional regenerative braking energy utilization scheme of inverter feedback type can feed back the energy to the AC power grid, but the inverter control technology is single, lacking the inertia and damping of synchronous generator, which can not provide high-quality frequency and voltage support for the distribution network. Virtual synchronous generator (VSG) introduces the moment of inertia and damping coefficient of synchronous generator into the control of inverter, enhances the anti-interference ability of power grid, and the virtual inertia and damping coefficient are flexible and adjustable. Therefore, based on the analysis of the VSG control strategy, combined with the VSG power angle curve, this paper studies an adaptive moment of inertia VSG control strategy, and applies it to the subway energy feed system. Finally, the simulation model of the system in Matlab / Simulink environment is built. The results show that: compared with the traditional inverter control technology, when the scheme is disturbed, the frequency and power response speed is faster, the overshoot is smaller, and the steady state can be recovered faster.


By exposing physical channels to host software, Open-Channel SSD shows great potential in future high performance storage systems. However, the existing scheme fails to achieve acceptable performance under heavy workloads. The main reasons reside not only in its single-buffer architecture, more importantly, but also in its line-based physical address management. Besides, the lock of address mapping table is also a performance burden under heavy workloads. We propose QBLK, an open source driver which tries to better exploit the parallelism of Open-Channel SSDs. Particularly, QBLK adopts four key techniques, namely (1) Multi-queue based buffering, (2) Per-channel based address management, (3) Lock-free address mapping, and (4) Fine-grained draining. Experimental results show that QBLK achieves up to 97.4% bandwidth improvement compared with the state-of-the-art PBLK scheme.


Strongly-coupled GaN semiconductor microcavities exhibit polariton effects at room temperature. We show sub-mW thresholds for coherent polariton lasing at 300 K, and discuss polarization evidence for the formation of Bose-Einstein polariton condensates.


As described below, the theses we are talking about the community as a special way of thinking society and the society-thinking ontology. Community is a special «effect» case. Community is what allows you to be all settled meanings of society. In essence, it is specially designed reaction to the steady state of affairs. The adoption of this position allows us to understand some features of the social problems of today.


1 LRIT-CNRST, URAC 29, Rabat IT Center, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, BP 1014 Rabat, Morocco, 2 Laboratory for Physico-Chemistry of the Atmosphere, University of Littoral Cote d'Opale, 189A Av. Maurice Schumann, 59140 Dunkerque, France, 3 Laboratory of Telecommunications, Networks and Service Systems, National Institute of Posts and Telecommunications Allal El Fassi Avenue, Rabat, Morocco, 4 Higher School of Technology, BP 227 Sale, Morocco


Waterborne polyurethane (PUD) was synthesized by using poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) as soft segment. The hard segment was formed by extending isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) with hydrazine (HZ) producing poly(urethane-urea). PUD was reinforced with Na+-montmorillonite (Na+-MMT) to yield nanocomposites (CPUD's) with 1, 3 and 5% of clay. Water was used as swelling agent to make the basal space of silicate layers widen without any chemical treatment. According to XRD curves, the nanocomposites showed intercalation of the polymer with respect to the clay, while small angle X ray scattering (SAXS) results showed that some degree of clay exfoliation was present in the produced film. The incomplete exfoliation of the clay proved that a re-aggregation process of the nanocomponents (originally delaminated in the aqueous dispersion) had occurred during film formation. The degree of hydrogen bonding, evaluated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), was used to investigate the effect of clay on the microphase separation of the polyurethane and indicated that the presence of the clay particles changed the structure of the polymer phase domains. PUD exhibited values of tensile strength and elongation at break about 30 MPa and 1400%, respectively. The incorporation of 1 weight % of MMT improved by 230 and 20% the modulus and strength on the polymer respectively, while keeping the elongation at break almost unchanged.


Forecast is predetermination of a particular event estimation during a particular time period. We can express forecast both literature of forecast one is alphabetical and another is numerical, the alphabetical forecast Naturally forecast has no confuse about accuracy but artificial forecast face the problem about accuracy. The forecast is based on case and effect relationship. The way of thinking and way of living for a forecaster is very important on forecast. The moral sentiments of a forecaster is give the real value of a forecast. The inductive and deductive inference is two way of forecast which was known to unknown and unknown to known data are highly important of a focus of forecast,the historical data are not able to accurate focus of forecast but mythological data are infinite ( historical mythology but mythology is always grater then history.The historical data is not accurate as mythological because it is manipulation in nature because of lack of consistency between past, present and future.Mythology is infinitely continuous process but history is only past in time limit.


Objective: This study evaluated the effect of age, duration of edentulism, and duration of current complete-denture use on the extent of mandibular movements and on reestablishment of vertical dimension of occlusion in elderly complete-denture wearers. Methods: Thirty volunteers were selected based on predetermined inclusion criteria. Extent of mandibular movements was assessed using intraoral Gothic arch tracings while the study participants were still wearing their old complete dentures (T0). Change in vertical dimension of occlusion was determined from measurements taken using frontal images, acquired before substituting the old dentures (T0) and seven days after the last appointment for adjusting the new complete dentures (T1). Statistical analyses were performed using Pearson correlation coefficient and one-way analysis of variance with a post hoc Bonferroni test (a = 0.05). Results: Pearson correlation analysis found statistically significant negative correlation between vertical dimension of occlusion and mandibular movement measurements and age and between vertical dimension of occlusion and mandibular movement measurements and duration of denture use. The Bonferroni test detected differences for all parameters evaluated, except between duration of edentulism and extent of mandibular movement. Conclusion: The study findings show that older age and long-term use of dentures were linked to limited reestablishment of vertical dimension of occlusion and range of mandibular motion. However, the effect of duration of edentulism was not clear.


Two bilingual English and French and English and German dictionaries and two
multilingual dictionaries dealing with English, French, German and Italian with a peculiar
macro- and microstructure will be considered in order to highlight their efforts to spare
space and to help foreign learners of such languages. The first dictionary-Williams Smith,
A French Dictionary, on a plan entirely new (1814)-tried to help English learners to
reproduce the pronunciation of French words, the second-A.F Inglott Bey, A dictionary of
English Homonyms pronouncing and explanatory translated into Italian and French
(1899)-arranged homonyms in three languages and explained them, the third-Neues
Universal-Wortbuch der deutschen, englischen, franzosischen und italianischen Sprache
(1856)-insisted on comparison among languages and the fourth-Max Bellows� Dictionary
of German and English English and German (1912)-tried to have both sections English-
German and German-English on the same page and to exploit different types to distinguish
parts of speech plus masculine, feminine and neuter gender. The paper will explore
suggestions for more innovative format in electronic bilingual dictionaries of the XXI
century, since electronic dictionaries on Cd-Rom developed the search window, but did not
venture to reinvent the electronic microstructure profile. During the XIX and XX century
printers and lexicographers reflected upon improvements in printing layout above all when
they aimed to meet the claims of middle-class buyers, asking for effective, pocket-size, not
too expensive lexicographic tools.


The text of Larvul Ngabal customary law is a text of Kei speech community cultural product. Itrepresents cultural convention of the speech community to organize orderly and civilized social life.The analysis of figurative language meaning in this text use figurative concepts of Dancygier andSweetser (2014), Clark (2013), and the concept of metaphor by Saeed (2016). The research approachin this study is qualitative approach with method of text analysis by Lehtonen (2000). Based on theresearch theoretical concepts and approaches, in this text, there are three norms of life, namely thenorms of protection of life right, protection of women right, and protection of property right. To expressthe three basic norms, this text uses symbolic figurative language originating from the human body.The figurative language found in this text consists of: (1) metaphor, (2) metonymy, (3), sarcasm, and(4) hyperbole. Based on the phenomenon of figurative language in the text, it can be said that thistext uses figurative language based on social cognition in Kei speech community.


Introduction Historically, eating disorders (ED) have been regarded as the diseases of heterosexual, affluent white women. Instead, research shows that the population most at risk of ED is lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning, intersex, and asexual/aromantic/agender (LGBTQIA+). Indeed, in addition to many of the same sociocultural influences on body dissatisfaction faced by their peers, LGBTQIA+ individuals experience unique body- and gender-related concerns as well as high levels of stress due to interpersonal prejudice and discrimination. Objectives This narrative review presents an overview of current research on treatment approaches to ED among LGBTQIA+ individuals. Methods We conducted a PubMed search for studies published after 1990 using terms that aimed to represent the primary concepts of "eating disorder" and "LGBTQIA+" and "therapy." Next, we inductively created relevant macro-themes by synthesizing the data from the included articles. Results Of 123 PubMed studies, we included 12 studies and identified three relevant macro-themes. The first macro-theme, "ordinary treatments," focused on efficacy studies of conventional ED therapies applied to this category of patients. In particular, the first study proved the efficacy of the dissonance-based intervention, engaging participants to induce cognitive dissonance concerning the thin-ideal standard of beauty; the second study showed that sexual minorities patients accessing day hospital treatment reported greater overall ED and comorbid symptoms but started treatment with higher scores and improved at a faster rate compared to heterosexual patients; the third study provided evidence that transgender/nonbinary individuals and cisgender individuals showed similar improvement in ED symptoms during higher levels of care treatment, but the first group had less improvement in depression and no improvement in suicidality during ED treatment. The second macro-theme, "relational approach," investigated newer treatment paradigms involving family and school support, both revealing positive implications for eating and weight-related behaviors. The third macro-theme, "gender-affirming therapy," focused on medical and surgical treatment toward gender transition, which has been shown to correlate with improvements in body image, ED psychopathology, and psychological functioning. Conclusions Members of the LGBTQIA+ community are at greater risk for ED; to our knowledge, there is no targeted treatment that considers the entirety of their experience. These findings denote the need to focus future research efforts on effective treatment strategies specific to sexual and gender identity groups. Disclosure of Interest None Declared


To provide a means capable of reducing the deposition on the wafer backside. A process tuning kit used in a chemical deposition apparatus comprises a carrier ring 400, a plurality of horseshoe member 500 and a plurality of shims 600,. A plurality of horseshoe bodies have the same size, a plurality of shims are provided in sets of different thickness, to control the height of the horseshoe body for the horseshoe body and top 322 of the pedestal assembly 320 which shim is attached. The semiconductor substrate is minimal contact area support is lifted from the carrier ring to be placed substrates on a horseshoe body, so that it can support the substrate at a predetermined offset with respect to the upper surface of the pedestal assembly, a chemical deposition apparatus by carrier ring It is carried into the vacuum chamber. During processing of the substrate, by using a shim of the desired thickness in order to control the predetermined offset can reduce the deposition on the rear surface. .The


The effect of aspirin on the toxicology of mercury was investigated by using fish. The variations between blood parameters of the fish, which were made exposed directly to mercury solutions prepared at certain concentrations (500  μg/L, 250  μg/L, 125  μg/L, 62.5  μg/L, and 31.25  μg/L), and blood parameters of the fish, which were made exposed to mercury at the same concentrations after they had been interacting with aspirin, were investigated. At the end of the study, increases in blood parameters were observed depending on the increases in mercury concentration. Statistically significant variations were observed in blood parameters of the fish, which were made exposed to mercury at the same concentrations after they had been interacting with aspirin, compared to blood parameters of the fish, which were made exposed directly to mercury ( <path id="x1D443" d="M619 482q0 -69 -40.5 -119t-96 -72.5t-118.5 -26.5h-44l-70 20l-31 -151q-14 -67 0.5 -83t89.5 -22l-5 -28h-287l8 28q65 7 81.5 22t29.5 83l79 398q12 56 0.5 70.5t-78.5 20.5l7 28h255q108 0 164 -43t56 -125zM524 478q0 141 -146 141q-25 0 -47 -8q-16 -6 -20.5 -13.5
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l-26 -65h-233z" /> ). It was found that aspirin has caused significant increases in especially the levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotranspherase and significant decreases in cortisol and glucose levels among to blood parameters. It was concluded that aspirin alters the toxic effect of mercury.


whom I gave anaestheticaswere mueb imWessed with the safety of openether .-Siawe,tan 1, have used it in. a la.rge proportion of my cases, but, on reverting a few weeks aao to chloroform and oxygen, the results have been better. Even witlh a preliminary injection of atropine with etlher thepe is more secretion, more bleeding, a lonig iaduction period, and a,large.amount of the dru-g Lmust be used. The. two critical periods of a chloreformaniesthesia are towards the end of the induction, wlhen the patient is inclined to struggle, and seeoildly,,if he tonsil is forcibly dragged upon while being dissected off the pharyngeal wall. Tlaereiis a simple remedy in both these cases. In the first, if there is marked struggling, clanging over to ether for a few minutes saves the.patient from a sudden large dose of chloroform, while the_seoond can be obvi4ted by gentler manipulations on the part of the ourgeon. In America maqry deaths lhve been. recorded under o.pen ether anaesthesia, and in a clinic.of one well.known tIlnoat surgeon I understand ether has been ntirely ,given up in favour of chloroform. .Jn .oolusihiou, I think ,that tbe anaesthtist ogght to fall in asm .e as-piblewith ithe8 views of the eurgeon with-wonhe is working, as the latter cannot do his work well if he is being -worried by whlat he considers a dangerous anaesthetic.-I am, etc., IUGHRR. PHILLIPs, M.D,, Senior aAesLh,tisth , Italian,loapital; J&e Anaestbhetist. . King G.eoigo: London. W., Aug. 5th. RLA&F. Hospital, etc.


Linkage Disequilibrium (LD) methods have become a promising and useful tool for fine mapping quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in outbred populations. Most available strategies assume unrelated individuals in the population, whereas individuals in livestock populations are highly connected. Methods known as LDLA were proposed to deal with relatedness and avoid spurious linkage due to hidden or ignored familial structures. The objective of the study was to compare mapping accuracy and power to detect QTLs of different LD methods in simulated pig populations with connected small families and low pedigree information.


Arthur P. Brackebusch fire damage is impressive. Even so, as Chandler and Roberts point out in an accompanying article, five fighters are hard pressed to make further gains. This is not to say that fire-control technology cannot be improved, nor that all areas a. re under adequate protection. It is time, however, to recognize that we have good fire control organizations and that further improvements in performance can best be accomplished bymanaging and reducing hazards. At this point of ,reflection, some people view fuel management as a substitute or an alternative to aggressive fire control. Not so! Fuel .management does not diminish the need for efficient fire suppression. It is integral to and improves fire control success. I use the term "fire control" advisedly: to st, ress the point that agencies must continue the ability to detect, attack, and su:ppress wildfires. Fire management, a broader conc.ept now being adopted by some organizations, includes the treatment and reduction of hazards by fire and other means. Fire agencies are also beginning to adopt policies which are more amenable to fire's role in wildland ecology.


Infants in other aspects are presented on many stamps. They are shown being examined (Finland 1!~44, Hungary 1963, Rwanda 1963); treated (French Colonies 1950); fed (Algiers 1944, Poland 1961); treated with ultraviolet rays (India 1958, Austria 1954); injected (Poland 196 L Portgual 19(i2); medicated (Hungary 196~, Cyprus 19(i3); transfused (Argentina re leukemia 1958). The first child (Virginia Dare) born to English parents in the U. S. was commemorated in 1937. A familiar childhood portrayal is that of &dquo;The Doctor&dquo; by Sir Luke Fildes, shown by the U. S. icx 1947 on its stamp commemorating the 100th anniversary of tlie founding of the American Medical Association. The central figure oF the sick girl ici its tragic setting tugs at the heart.


A 74-year-old male patient, ex-smoker, with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) treated with inhaled steroids, presented with fever, dyspnea, and asthenia, lung hyperinflation on chest X-ray, normal blood tests, forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) of 57.5%, FVC of 2.9l (80%), FEV1 of 1.67l (60%) and diffusing lung capacity for carbon monoxide (DLCO) of 62%. Computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography-CT (PET-CT), and flexible bronchoscopy with biopsies diagnosed bilateral synchronous endobronchial squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) of the bronchus intermedius [tumor =3.1 cm, standardized uptake value (SUV) =9.2] and left lower bronchus (tumor =2.5 cm, SUV =9.8). Invasive mediastinal staging was not considered. The patient was evaluated in another center, where they proposed a right middle and lower bilobectomy and radiotherapy of the left lung carcinoma; he requested a second opinion at our hospital. Considering our surgical experience, the patient's characteristics, and the imperious need for a radical, but lung-sparing, operation, after multidisciplinary discussion the patient was offered a bilateral sequential sleeve lobectomy using the newest robotic technique, uniportal robotic-assisted thoracic surgery (U-RATS). Surgical technique


Abstract : The determination of the thermodynamic functions of formation of alloys is examined in the light of the own experience of the authors. At high temperature, where the entropy term becomes important for the stability of each phase it is very important to obtain the two components of the Gibbs function: the enthalpy and the entropy. Experimental measurements of the chemical potential allow, by derivation versus temperature, to deduce the partial enthalpy and the partial entropy. But for an accurate knowledge of the enthalpy, calorimetry is needed. There exist two types of calorimetric method: direct, by reaction between the components of alloys or indirect mixing calorimetry in a solvent. In any case the most efficient way is to cross the experimental values obtained for the enthalpies with other results involving the Gibbs function. In this direction the Calphad method can be used as a real experimental tool when a good knowledge of the phase diagram is available.


Shape changes of giant liposomes are triggered by small variations of the number of lipids on either side of the liposome membrane. Thus, the bilayer couple hypothesis applies even in a protein free system.


ABSTRACT
This topic is one of the most daily raised topics because of its sensitivity and its effects on the Islamic community. The research deals with what invalidates ablution. The research is divided into two sections: The first section deals with defining the invalidation of ablution and touching in Islamic jurisprudence.  The second section  deals with what validates ablution according  to the four schools of jurisprudence that are Hanafi, Shafi'I, Maliki, and  Hanbali school of thought.


In order to function well the next day, it is very important to prioritize getting at least 8 hours of sleep each night. This is sometimes easier said then done especially with a child, but I have found maintaining a routine helps. My son and I have a bedtime routine starting at 9 PM which consists of story time and breakfast ideas for the next day.


The purpose of this article is to define and describe healthy developmental changes which can be nurtured and enhanced in adolescents through an experiential program based on a rite of passage model. The origins and context of adolescence as a cultural phenomenon are discussed. Also, rites of passage are defined and illustrated and placed in a contextual framework conducive for use with teenagers. The application of a rite of passage designed to usher teens from adolescence to adulthood as used by the author during a backpacking experience is discussed.


This paper examines the issues surrounding the successful design and development of tangible technology for optimal engagement in playful activities. At present there is very little data on how, and in what contexts, tangible interactions with technology promote lasting engagement and immersion. The framework at the core of this paper has been designed to guide the effective design of tangible technology for immersive interaction. The paper investigates the relationship between tangible user interfaces (TUI) characteristics of representation and control, and immersive flow experiences produced through balancing skill and challenge in user interaction.


The paper analyzes the process of satisfaction measuring and product design and discusses the importance of the study of predicting satisfaction. The idea is shown that product satisfaction index prediction is critic step of product evaluation and new product development. Then one of the models about customer satisfaction index prediction and error controlling is proposed.


THE tarsal feathering of the Ruffed Grouse, Bonasa umbellus, varies individually, geographically, and subspecifically. The purpose of this paper is to present facts concerning this variation. A few days before the paper was submitted for publication W. E. Clyde Todd (Auk, 57: 390-397, 1940) proposed three new subspecies of Ruffed Grouse: B. u. monticola from West Virginia, B. u. medianus from Minnesota, and B. u. canescens from northern Ontario. Doubtless certain of the writer's statements apply to birds that Todd would include under these names, but he is not at present in a position to borrow the material upon which Todd based his remarks. He strongly feels, however, that in any further study of Ruffed Grouse subspeciation the matter of the tarsal feathering should be closely watched. By the time this paper is published the writer hopes to be investigating this interesting problem further, especially as it concerns the new forms.


Long particles, 75 nm in diameter, some branching and some curled at their ends, were found within vacuoles in "L" cells. These could be easily transmitted to Vero cells, which like the "L" cells were killed. The particles were up to 20 μm in length with hollow cores 37 nm in diameter surrounded by a smooth unit membrane from which no spikes protruded. The particles could not be assigned to any known taxon.


Films (mostly of Form 2 crystal structure), 50 μm thick, of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVF2) were uniaxially stretched at 60 °C and then annealed at 120 °C. Small‐angle light scattering patterns (SALS) were taken of the samples in the Hv scattering mode (i.e., crossed polarizers). The results show that a four‐lobe scattering pattern due to undeformed spherulites changes to an eight‐lobe pattern on uniaxial stretching of PVF2 films.


The invention discloses a catalyst for catalyzing and dehydrating lactate and preparation and application thereof. The catalyst consists of alkali metal dihydric phosphate, grafted hydrophobic group and silica gel. The method for preparing the catalyst comprises the following steps of: grafting the hydrophobic group on the organosilane onto the surface of the silica gel by adopting a grafting method; impregnating the silica gel in aqueous solution of alkali metal dihydric phosphate; and preparing the hydrophobically modified silica-supportedalkali metal dihydric phosphate catalysts through roasting. The catalyst is used for catalyzing and dehydrating the lactate to prepare acrylic acid and acrylic ester. The catalyst makes the lactate highly selectively synthesize the acrylic ester, and can simplify process flow and reduce production cost and consumption of petroleum resources.


Development in harmony with nature is a fundamental social paradigm, the realisation of which depends on fulfilment of basic conditions, namely preservation and restoration of the the natural environment as well as ensuring the ecologically safe functioning of ecosystems. There is a need to find a compromise between the social and economic needs of mankind and the potential of the biosphere to satisfy them. At the present stage of development of society, the tools based on economic interest are the most efficient for the effective use, preservation and restoration of ecosystem functions. The economic contributions of ecosystems are not fully taken into account in the modern economy. This is largely explained by the lack of a coherent scientific approach to defining their nature and lack of methodological tools for their economic evaluation. In this regard, the need arises for undertaking appropriate scientific research and the inclusion of ecosystem services in the activities of business entities. The concept of ecosystem services is based on the need for co-evolutionary development of environmental and economic components. There is no single approach to implementing the concept of ecosystem services that would meet the environmental conditions of every geographical site. Generalisation and systematisation of the provisions of the concept of ecosystem services, verification of the basic mechanisms and their adaptation to the legal and regulatory framework in Ukraine, examination of the conditions of ecosystems and their economic value are necessary for the implementation of the ecosystem approach in the sectors of the Ukrainian economy. The objective of the study is to characterise the progress of development and implementation of the concept of ecosystem services in Ukraine; to define and characterise the ecosystems in Ukraine that are particularly important for the provision of ecosystem services. Scientific principles and consistent patterns in the field of ecology, geography and landscape science provided the methodological basis of the study, which was based on a systematic approach. The cartographic method (based on GIS-technologies), the method of expert estimations and the statistical method were used. ArcGis and Mapinfo Professional software products as well as Google satellite images and electronic vector layers of a topographic map of Ukraine with a scale of 1:200,000 were used to calculate the area of ecosystems within landscapes and create cartographic material. Statistical and cartographic materials, reports from research institutions, regulatory and reference materials, scientific papers written by domestic and foreign scholars provided the information basis of the study. Scientific papers on the classification of ecosystems, ecosystem services and the implementation of the concept of ecosystem services in Ukraine have been analysed. The categories, size and area of ecosystems in Ukraine that are of particular importance for the provision of ecosystem services have been defined, their ecological condition has been assessed and the prevailing ecosystem services have been identified.


The idea of monitoring several types of parameters in various environments has been motivating significant research works in Internet of Things (IoT). This paper presents the design and construction of iSensA, a system for integrating and collecting information from sensors. The solution implements a multi-sensor monitoring system and then expands the monitoring concept to an IoT solution, by employing multi-network access, Web services, database and web and mobile applications for user interaction. iSensA system is highly configurable, enabling several monitoring solutions with different types of sensors. Experiments have been performed on real application scenarios to validate and evaluate our proposition.


Abstract Training and research in special educational needs (SENs) are crucial in order to properly implement strategies that foster inclusive education at university. Today more than ever, education is connected to new job opportunities, success and social and educational mobility. A university policy should meet the increasing demands from many groups of individuals with functional diversity, whom we should guarantee an effective allocation of professionals, resources and conditions capable of recognizing these individuals' potential and skills. This special issue contains eight proposals that present a variety of inclusive strategies which are one step in this direction.


Schemes of reversible data hiding in encrypted domain (RDH-ED) based on symmetric or public key encryption are mainly applied in the scenarios of end-to-end communication. To provide security guarantees for the multi-party scenarios, a RDH-ED scheme for secret image sharing based on Chinese remainder theorem (CRT) is presented. In the application of (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$t$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) secret image sharing, an image is first shared into <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$n$ </tex-math></inline-formula> different shares of ciphertext. Only when not less than <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$t$ </tex-math></inline-formula> shares obtained, can the image be reconstructed. In our scheme, additional data could be embedded into the image shares. To realize data extraction from the image shares and the reconstructed image separably, two data hiding methods are proposed: one is homomorphic difference expansion in encrypted domain (HDE-ED) that supports data extraction from the reconstructed image by utilizing the addition homomorphism of CRT secret sharing; the other is difference expansion in image shares (DE-IS) that supports the data extraction from the marked shares before image reconstruction. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme could not only maintain the security and the threshold function of secret sharing system, but also obtain a better reversibility and efficiency compared with most existing RDH-ED algorithms. The maximum embedding rate of HDE-ED could reach 0.500 bits per pixel and the average embedding rate of DE-IS could reach 0.4652 bits per pixel.


Current researches suggest that there exist hepatic stem cells in the embryonic liver and, they play an important role in the development of liver. Different genes controlled distinct phases of liver development during mammalian organogenesis. Several groups have isolated and identified bipotential hepatic stem cells from mouse, rat and primate embryos through different methods. This will provide a promising approach of cell transplantation, tissue engineering and gene therapy. In this review, the liver development and its mechanisms, isolation and identification of hepatic stem cells, application prospects and future directions for the field are discussed.


Purpose – The primary purpose of this research was to investigate the role of anticipated regret in time-based work-family conflict decisions. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 90 working parents responded to a decision making problem describing a time-based conflict between a work event and a family event. Participants' preference for which event to attend constituted the dependent variable. Independent variables were participants' work and family centralities. Anticipated regret for choosing the work option and anticipated regret for choosing the family option were measured as hypothesized mediators. Findings – Structural equation modeling revealed that anticipated regret for choosing the family option mediated the relationship between work centrality and preference for the family option. Similarly, it was found that anticipated regret for choosing the work option mediated the relationship between family centrality and preference for the family option. Originality/value – This article contributes...


The article is dedicated to interdisciplinary studies of journalistic creativity in the opinion-forming journalism of world intellectuals, forming the agenda of contemporary international journalism. The most important concepts are identified so as to complement and extend the existing theoretical works in international journalism. The academic interpretation of foreign journalistic discourse, i.e. essays, articles, interviews of journalists, diplomats, scientists, and political philosophers is conducted, opening a new perspective on the current development of journalism, and thereby contributing to solving the problems of upgrading and modernising academic courses in international journalism, which play a leading role in training experts in international journalism. The presence of how an opinion-forming journalistic component enhances new communication chains along the author–reader–protagonist line is investigated.


We study the far-infrared optical absorption spectrum of electrons confined in an imperfect parabolic quantum well in a magnetic field tilted with respect to the growth axis. The calculations are carried out at finite temperature using a self-consistent-field approach both with and without a local exchange-correlation potential. We choose well parameters to match a real experimental sample and obtain excellent quantitative agreement over a wide range of magnetic-field strengths. We discuss the effects of possible asymmetries in the confining potential, and conclude that the infrared spectrum is dominated by depolarization and finite-temperature effects.


Pointers to the cause of a disease may be found in variations of its incidence or severity, either in different populations or areas, or in the same area with the passage of time. Much work has centred on these aspects of gastric ulcer during the past 25 years (Doll et al., 1951, 1961; Pulvertaft, 1959; Weir, 1960; Watkinson, 1961; Susser and Stein, 1962; Gillies and Styring, 1969; Cleave, 1974; Brown et al., 1976). This period has also seen the introduction of new drugs for the treatment of arthritis, which may adversely affect the course of gastric ulcer, and the development of carbenoxolone as an active remedy. Grossman (1971) summarised a detailed study of gastric ulcer as seen in California, but with a follow-up period of only two years; some arthritic cases were excluded. Mowat et al. (1975) reviewed 151 cases seen in north-east Scotland in four years. Carbenoxolone treatment was not a feature of either of these series. It may be opportune to discuss gastric ulcer as it is seen in England today, with special regard to its course and complications and the influence of modern drugs, including liquorice derivatives and the anti-arthritic preparations. I have reviewed 280 patients who were seen in our clinic in Birmingham in the past 12 years.


Detecting vehicular movement is straightforward but ascertaining whether the user is indeed the driver is a complex problem. The fundamental problem of distinguishing between a driver and passenger using a mobile phone is the critical input to enable numerous safeties and interface enhancements. As in prior work, we seek to determine the in-vehicle location of the phone and use that as a heuristic to determine whether the phone is used by the driver or passenger. It uses a fundamentally different sensing approach to determine this location.


The utility model relates to a micro flow field sensor using for the real time microscopic detection of particles in fluid, which belongs to a sensor used for the real time microscopic detection of contaminated and wear particles in oil liquid. The basal body (2) of the sensor is formed from two superimposed basal bodies with different thickness, opening camera lens observation hole (3). The thicker basal body has an oil inlet channel (1) opened in one end and an oil outlet channel (4) in the other end. Two high hardness glass slides (6) are positioned in a recessed cavity in the middle part of the thinner basal body through a glass slide-embedding slot (9) of the basal body. A micro fluid guide vane (10) is sandwiched between the two high hardness glass slides (6) to form a shunt channel (7) and a micro-flow field channel (8) which is communicated with both the oil inlet channel (1) and the oil outlet channel (4). A covering panel (5) is pasted onto the basal body to seal the high hardness glass slides. The sensor can conduct an integrated monitoring and fusion diagnosis of wear faults when the machine is in a running state, to realize a real-time on-line monitoring.


This paper describes potential benefits and empirical support for applying key components of Resilience theory and its associated models to intervention strategies within the field of juvenile justice. Traditionally, practitioners have utilized aspects of resilience theory for clients and patients within psychology, social work, and medicine. However, emerging research has demonstrated that the process of positively coping with risk can minimize factors that promote delinquency and criminality. Results have demonstrated that constructs such as low self-esteem, school detachment, poor socialization, and environmental influences can be positively affected by implementing critical features of resiliency. Additionally, implications are provided for practitioners seeking to develop or improve intervention programs such as restorative justice, and recommended areas for further research are provided.


Bounds for exponential sums over finite fields and Galois rings are combined with Lagrange interpolation to obtain bounds on the peak-to-mean envelope power ratio (PMEPR) of a variety of OFDM coding schemes obtained from trace codes. This class of codes includes the binary simplex code, duals of binary, primitive BCH codes and a variety of their Z2e-analogues.