Accurate network traffic classification is essential for network management. However, existing network traffic classification methods cannot meet the demand of real networks in terms of classification performance, user privacy, latency, and control overhead. Thus, a machine learning-based approach has been used for network traffic classification. In this paper, we propose a network traffic classification framework using software-defined network (SDN) architecture. The proposed framework is entirely located in the network controller; thus, we can leverage the superior computational capacity, global visibility, and programmability of the SDN controller to realize real-time, adaptive, and accurate traffic classification. We also apply four ensemble algorithms and analyze their classification performance in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, training time, and classification time. The experimental results reveal that ensemble model-based network traffic classifiers outperform other classifiers based on the proposed framework and the real-world network traffic dataset. Notably, the LightGBM model achieves the best classification performance.


A new fossil locality within a sequence previously assigned to the Middle Ordovician Baie D'Espoir Group in south-central Newfoundland contains fragmented crinoid columnals and brachiopods. Distinctive, pentastellate crinoid columnals, similar to those assigned to the monobathrid camerate Hexacrinites Austin and Austin by Russian authors, are named Hexacrinites? Pentastellatus n. sp. Nodal(?) columnals of this species have a circular, depressed articular facet, with a conical to bowl-like crenularium, a depressed, circular areola, a raised perilumen and a short, slender axial canal of pentagonal section. The oldest Hexacrinites sensu stricto are Late Silurian, suggesting that the fossiliferous strata have been incorrectly assigned to the Ordovician. Cross-sections of brachiopods from the same locality include an example that resembles several Early Silurian to Late Devonian pentameroid genera including Brooksina Kirk, 1922. Correlation with Late Silurian, bivalve-bearing strata SO km to the northeast would indicate that a major unconformity may occur above the fossiliferous Early and Middle Ordovician strata and the Early Ordovician ophiolite complexes.

 RESUME
 Un nouvel emplacement de fossiles a I'interieur d'une sequence auparavant attribute au groupe de l'Ordovicien moyen de Baie d'Espoir dans le centre-sud de Terre-Neuve renferme des fragments de columnales et de brachiopodes de crinoldes. Des columnales de crinoldes pentaetoilees caracteristiqucs, semblables a celles attributees a l' Hexacrinites Austin and Austin a loges monobathrides par des auteurs russes, sont baptisees nouvelle espece pentastellatus d'Hexacrinites ?. Les columnales nodales(?) de cette espece sont pourvues d'une facette articulaire renfoncee et circulaire munie d'un crenularium allant de conique a bombe, d'une areole circulaire renfoncie, d'un perilumen sureleve et d'un canal axial mince et court de section pentagonalc. Les plus anciens Hexacrinites , au sens strict, remontent au Silurien superieur, ce qui permet de supposer qu'on a incorrectement attribue la strate fossilifere a l'Ordovicien. Des iechantillons representatifs de brachiopodes du meme emplacement comprennent un exemple qui ressemble a plusieurs genres de pentameroides datant du Silurien inferieur au Devonien superieur, notamment le Brooksina Kirk, 1922. Leur correlation avec des strates renfermant des bivalves du Silurien superieur a 50 km au nord-cst signale qu'une discordance importantc pourrait se presenter au-dessus des strates fossiliferes de l'Ordovicien inferieur ou moyen de meme que des complexes d'ophiolites de l'Ordovicien inferieur.

[Traduit par la redaction]


Developing shoot segments of two famous cultivars of Chinese date,'Jinsixiaozao' and 'Sihongdazao',and sour date were used for in vitro investigation of the responses of Chinese date Ziziphus jujuba Mill.and sour date Z.spinosa(Bunge) Hu to salt stress and the influences of multi-generations of subcultures under salt stress on their salt tolerance.The basic media(MS medium) were added with NaCl at concentrations of 0,25,75 mmol/L and used in primary cultures,sub-cultures and rooting cultures.The results indicated that the addition of 25 mmol/L of NaCl did not show significant effects on in vitro propagation of the three species,but 75 mmol/L NaCl exerted significant growth inhibitory effects which varied with the in vitro propagation stages.In general,root development was more significantly affected by salt than that of the upper parts.It was shown that the salt tolerance of the three materials in all stages of culture was as follows: sour date'Jinsixiaozao''Sihongdazao'.In addition,the salt tolerance of the three materials tended to increase with more generations of sub-culture under salt-stress,and the increase was higher in Chinese date than in sour jujube,and in 'Jisixiaozao' than in 'Sihongdazao'.


A simple and effective method was demonstrated to tune surface plasmon resonance (SPR) wavelength of silver island films by introducing a dielectric medium to vary interisland dielectric constant. The medium, either overcoating or sandwiching the silver islands, can make a dramatic effect on the tunability. We had extended the SPR wavelength tunability of standard silver island film substrates from 432 to 482 nm to 506 to 1310 nm using two dielectric layering methods. A generalized Maxwell–Garnett theory was applied to interpret these results.


While the vicarious thrill of 'danger' is undoubtedly present, old-fashioned voyeurism is probably even more so. Voyeurism is, however, unquestionably relevant to the discussion of 'The perspective of Rochester's letters', by Nicholas Fisher. Peering unbeknownst into other people's mail invariably produces a frisson akin to 'eavesdropping' (258) – even ones heavily influenced by Horatian epistolary models, as in the case of Rochester, whose letters afford 'a fascinating window onto [his] life and personality' (255). Fisher's analysis of both substance and style of surviving undated letters to Rochester's wife in particular suggest both congruity with his verse and unexpected husbandly affection. Although somewhat less credible than Fisher allows, Rochester's rhetorical finesse in overlapping correspondence with both spouse and mistress is certainly admirable. 'Rochester and rhyme', by Tom Lockwood, provides some of the volume's most useful close readings by demonstrating how Rochester's careful attention to sound patterns helped reinforce underlying meaning. In poems like The Imperfect Enjoyment and An Allusion to Horace, for example, rhyme is the most immediate thing readers experience to 'unpack a larger set of formal, cultural and political predispositions' (279). Equally, the tension between couplets and triplets in Upon Nothing and Against Reason and Mankind at once implements and subverts traditional rhyme patterns, much in keeping with Rochester's paradoxical belief in 'obedience which is . . . freedom' (280). Despite some unavoidable redundancy when 14 scholars discuss a writer whose output was so relatively sparse, the varied topics – publishing history, biography, societal context – and different methodologies provide a useful introduction to Rochester and the Restoration in general. The volume's main limitation is not providing introductory synopses for each essay or transitions between chapters. Otherwise, this collection goes a considerable way toward addressing difficulties understanding Rochester as more than 'the quintessence of debauchery' if not indeed 'the quintessence of disruptive modernity' (2).


Purpose If PDR is detected at screening, an urgent referral to an ophthalmologist ensues. This outcome can be stressful for patients and for the ophthalmologists who may need to treat very quickly. Aim: To examine the screening history of those deemed to require an urgent referral, with a view to identifying missed cases of referable diabetic retinopathy in previous screening encounters; and risk factors for interval cases.

Methods Fast tracked urgent referrals were identified from the NI DRSP database. Demographic factors and previous screening history were analysed.

Results In 2006-7 18,887 attended for screening. 5.6% required referral to an eye clinic of which 0.3% were deemed urgent referrals (52 cases) 47 showed PDR; 5 had advanced NPDR in an only eye. 47% had Type 1 Diabetes; 52% had been diabetic for 20 years or more; 8% had been diabetic for 5 years or less. On feedback 98% were found to be appropriate referrals. At time of screening, 6 people had been lost to follow up from previous eye clinics. PDR was identified at the first screening event in the other 46 (88%). No cases were found where referral at a previous screening encounter would have been appropriate.

Conclusion Especially during the early years, screening programmes are very likely to encounter sight threatening retinopathy not previously identified. Over time, the balance between referral early in the disease process, and late, will hopefully be achieved but until then clinics must be prepared to manage the unpredictable urgent referral.

Commercial interest


A 48-year-old man presented with complaints of intermittent fever, dry cough, breathlessness and significant weight loss for 1 month. He also gave a history of increased urinary frequency and intermittent painless haematuria. Examination revealed bilateral cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy (figure 1A). Auscultation revealed fine inspiratory crepitations in bilateral lung fields. Chest X-ray was suggestive of diffuse involvement, illustrating miliary pattern in bilateral lung fields (figure 1B). Urine examination showed numerous red blood cells. Contrast-enhanced CT of kidney, ureter and bladder suggested a thickened bladder wall (figure 1C). A possibility of disseminated tuberculosis was considered and …


In the last decade or so, many of the central problems of " classical " artificial intelligence — such as learning, planning and logical inference — have been reformulated in statistical or probabilistic frameworks. The benefits of this trend include the adoption of a common set of mathematical tools for the various AI subdisciplines, increased attention on algorithmic issues, and an emphasis on approximate methods for some notoriously hard exact AI problems. The trend also provides excellent opportunities for researchers from theoretical computer science to contribute to and influence AI. In this tutorial, I will survey these probabilistic frameworks and the basic computational problems posed in several well-developed areas of AI. I will describe some of the algorithms developed for these problems, overview what is formally known about them (and also what is suspected but not proven), and try to give a flavor of the mathematical techniques involved. The tutorial will be self-contained, designed to be accessible to anyone in the theory community, with an emphasis on the interesting open problems. Likely topics include: Graphical Models and Probabilistic Inference – Graphical models: rich representations of probability distributions based on graph theory – Probabilistic inference: computing or estimating conditional probabilities – Exact algorithms: the polytree algorithm and its generalizations for sparse networks – Algorithms for approximate inference: varia-tional approaches and methods from statistical physics for dense networks; sampling methods Markov Decision Processes for Planning and Reinforcement Learning – Planning in MDP' s (computing an optimal policy); value functions – Algorithms for planning: value iteration, linear programming, sampling approaches – Algorithms for learning: Q-learning; the exploration-exploitation trade-off; uses of mixing times – Handling large state spaces Supervised Learning – Boosting: basics and recent advances – Issues in generalization error: measures of function complexity, maximum margin analyses Below I give just a few references that are related to some of the topics to be covered. The slides from the tutorial, and some supplementary material, will be made available at


After large-scale statistical analysis,people have found that Internet is not a random network but has its steady macrostructure and characters."Bow Tie" theory indicates that the hyperlinks' structure of Internet is just like a "bow tie",Internet has properties of scale-free and small-world.All these show self-organized rules under various phenomena of Internet.


Colloid milium is a degenerative change of uncertain etiology, characterized clinically by the development of yellowish, translucent papules or plaques and may rarely be verrucous on light-exposed skin. Pigmented forms of colloid milium associated with hydroquinone use represent ochronosis-like pigmentation. In this case report we present a case of colloid milium in a 55 years old male with verrucous violaceous colloid milium on the dorsum of both hands, face, and ears.


Distinct transcriptional modules are regulated by specific ceramides. Unraveling Ceramide Signaling Specificity The extensive biochemical complexity of the ceramide class of lipids, with more than 30 species in yeast and hundreds in mammals, creates challenges for discerning the specific functions of individual species of ceramide or subgroups of these lipids. Montefusco et al. took a systems biology approach to tackle the functional complexity of ceramide-regulated events in yeast using a biosynthetic inhibitor to limit the number of species produced. The authors clustered changes in lipid abundance with functionally related transcriptional changes in yeast subjected to heat stress to identify changes in gene expression that correlated with specific classes of ceramides. Mapping of the lipid-correlated transcriptional profiles to transcription factors identified putative transcriptional modules regulated by changes in ceramide abundance, and two of these modules were experimentally verified in yeast. Thus, this approach and the data set will help unravel specificity in ceramide-mediated regulatory events. Ceramide, the central molecule of sphingolipid metabolism, is an important bioactive molecule that participates in various cellular regulatory events and that has been implicated in disease. Deciphering ceramide signaling is challenging because multiple ceramide species exist, and many of them may have distinct functions. We applied systems biology and molecular approaches to perturb ceramide metabolism in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and inferred causal relationships between ceramide species and their potential targets by combining lipidomic, genomic, and transcriptomic analyses. We found that during heat stress, distinct metabolic mechanisms controlled the abundance of different groups of ceramide species and provided experimental support for the importance of the dihydroceramidase Ydc1 in mediating the decrease in dihydroceramides during heat stress. Additionally, distinct groups of ceramide species, with different N-acyl chains and hydroxylations, regulated different sets of functionally related genes, indicating that the structural complexity of these lipids produces functional diversity. The transcriptional modules that we identified provide a resource to begin to dissect the specific functions of ceramides.


A field experiment was conducted to study effect of different levels of RDP:UDP containing concentrate supplementation on production performance of crossbred dairy cattle under field conditions. Eighteen crossbred dairy cattle (JBX) were divided into three groups (RBD), T 1 (60: 40) and T 2 groups (55: 45). The animals in T1 and T 2 groups were supplemented concentrate with different levels of degradable protein for 90 days, while in control (c) group feeding system traditionally adopted by the farmers was considered without any intervention. The impact of altered feeding on milk production, composition and efficiency of production of crossbred milch cows was studied. The intake of DM, CP, DCP and TDN were more (P< 0.05) in treatment groups (T 1 and T 2) as compared to the control group. There was increased (P< 0.05) FCM yield in T 1 and T2 groups to the tune of 27.3% and 31.2% respectively. The fat (30.5 and 32.8%), SNF (21.3 and 30.5%), total solids (24.2 and 31.3%) and milk protein (40.8 and 42.7%) yield was more (P< 0.05) in T 1 and T 2 groups as compared to control during the period of 90 days, due to increased level of UDP in the rations. It can be concluded that altering the feeding systems traditionally adopted by the farmers in a scientific way improved milk production.


Abstract:
 Mauritania, located in the Western Sahara, is one of the least developed countries in the Sahara Desert. Its capital, Nouakchott, which is home to 23% of its population, suffers from soil erosion from the Sahara and salt-water intrusion from the Atlantic Ocean. The local environment is under pressure from the combined effects of climate and socio-economic factors, with desertification being recognized as the greatest threat to life. In this context, high-resolution remote sensing images of Nouakchott obtained during the winters of 1985, 1988, 2000, 2006, and 2010 are selected for interpretation and classification. Analysis of the types of desertification and land use reveals the temporal and spatial characteristics of five distinct time periods from 1985 to 2010. This study analyzes the current status of desertification in Nouakchott and suggests five preventive measures.


In order to ensure the quality and safety of highway bridge construction,highway bridge detection techniques are particularly important.From the aspects such as the scientific significance,testing reasons,technology and applications of highway bridge testing,this article discusses testing technology and application of highway bridges.


Discloses solid phase polymerization process a high molecular weight aliphatic polyester, the solid-phase polymerization method, the aliphatic polyester prepolymer to solid phase polymerization carried out in a gas stream containing a sulfonic acid catalyst. This method, while having a simple process, low operating cost and the like can be prepared with a high molecular weight with high efficiency, good color, excellent thermal stability and can be metal-free aliphatic polyester. The aliphatic polyester containing no metal ions in addition to general application, more than any other metal-containing polyesters suitable for use as high-value medical materials and packaging materials in direct contact with food.


In this paper, the aerodynamic properties of Blast Furnace Top-pressure Recovery Turbine containing the saturated wet steam condensation are calculated. The calculating results show that the saturated wet steam condensation effects obviously turbine properties. Compared with the experiments, the predicted results are satisfactory.


This study compares the fundamental spray characteristics, such as penetration depth, droplet diameter, velocity, and volume flux of, biodiesel and diesel as well as their blends. Liquid jet is injected into an air crossflow with a speed of 58  m/s. A series of experimental tests covering Weber numbers from 29–82, and momentum flux ratios from 10–133, are conducted using the shadowgraph method and phase Doppler particle analyzer. The shadowgraph images are processed to find the penetration depth and to investigate different regimes of breakup. The phase Doppler particle analyzer is used to capture droplet size distribution, velocity, and volume flux. The results differ remarkably in terms of breakup regimes and trajectory for biodiesel blends, which may be due to the high viscosity of biodiesel in comparison to diesel. For example, at a Weber number of 80, some bag breakups are observed on the biodiesel jet against the expectation that, at this Weber number, most of the liquids experience atomization mode.


A transdermal delivery system having a microprojection array with one or more voids configured to allow an adhesive backing to attach to a user's skin and, hence, improve retention of the system thereto. Radial voids can be configured to enhance compliance of the array to conform more readily to non-flat areas of the skin.


Location-based social networking platform (e.g., Foursquare), as a popular scenario of participatory sensing system that collects heterogeneous information (such as tips and photos) of venues from users, has attracted much attention recently. In this paper, we study the distribution of these information and their relationship, based on a large dataset crawled from Foursquare, which consists of 2,728,411 photos, 1,212,136 tips and 148,924,749 check-ins of 190,649 venues, contributed by 508,467 users. We analyze the distribution of user-generated check-ins, venue photos and venue tips, and show interesting category patterns and correlation among these information. In addition, we make the following observations: i) Venue photos in Foursquare are able to significantly make venues more social and popular. ii) Users share venue photos highly related to food category. iii) Category dynamics of venue photo sharing have similar patterns as that of venue tips and user check-ins at the venues. iv) Users tend to share photos rather than tips. We distribute our data and source codes under the request of research purposes (email: firstname.lastname@example.com).


The famous poet DU Fu wrote many poems of pitying farmers in all his life.In these works,the poet noted the misery that the farmers had received from calamity and wars during An Lu shan and Shi Si ming's betray,and put dowm his real pity and praise,which was because he inherited the Confucian thinking tradition that valuing farming.And this theme's creation,has very important influence in the Chinese literature history.


OBJECTIVE
To establish the standard for quality control of Fructus Hordei germinatus, Fructus Oryzae germinatus and Fructus Setariae germinatus.

METHODS
The digital microscope and infrared spectroscopy were used in the pharmacognostical study.

RESULTS
Distinguished differences were found on morphological and microscopical features of these three crude drugs. Whereas, their infrared spectrums were basically all the same.

CONCLUSION
The study provides a convenient, effect method for the identification of these three medicinal materials.


Poster: "RANZCR ASM 2013 / R-0156 / The role of 3T magnetic resonance imaging in investigating inborn errors of metabolism" by: "B. Wong, F. Bowling, M. Phillips; Brisbane/AU"


This paper addresses the problem of equalizing a (narrow-band) multipath channel using data from an array of sensors. By exploiting the structure inherent in the data, it is shown that the number of multipath rays that can be uniquely identified is on the order of the number of data samples collected, rather than the number of sensors as in most direction finding applications. Two equalization algorithms are presented, both based on a frequency domain representation of the data and the availability of array calibration data. The performance of these algorithms is compared with that of several other recently developed equalization techniques, and is shown to be superior provided the calibration data is reasonably accurate.<<ETX>>


Since the customers' demand for highly customizable products is rising,
modern industry has to exhibit a high degree of flexibility. A typical
example is the automotive industry, where efforts are being made, to
ensure the best possible cooperation of the manufacturer with the
suppliers and the dealers.
In this thesis, a web based software system has been developed, for the
exchange of data between the manufacturer, the suppliers and the dealers
of an automotive industry. The software system consists of Web Services,
while the business logic is implemented using BPEL (Business Process
Execution Language). Last but not least, a relational data base has been
developed for the storage of the data needed.


Knowledge of the movement and seasonal distribution of local fish assemblages in the lower St. Lawrence River was incomplete and the importance of hydrological variability on fish distribution patterns was not fully understood. Given the variability in river level at both seasonal and interannual scales, the objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that variation in river level would affect the distribution dynamics of local fish assemblages in the lower St. Lawrence River. Using long-term data series (28 years) of both river level and fish catches at a fixed location, we examined the empirical relationships between attributes of the hydrological regime and the annual distribution patterns of 38 fish species. Results indicated that the annual timing and/or the duration of occurrence of 20 fish species components were significantly related to the river level. Correlation analysis indicated that an increase in the spring river level would delay the annual timing of occurrence of the spring fish components. In contrast, high autumn river level was associated with earlier timing of occurrence for fall fish components. Summer fish components appeared to be relatively unaffected by interannual variations in level. These results indicated that proposed scenarios for water level management in the St. Lawrence River should incorporate the temporal distribution and migratory patterns of fish in response to water level variations. These fish responses will inevitably have a direct influence on fishing activities and profitability of fisheries in the lower St. Lawrence River.


The report addresses issues related to a comprehensive analysis of the elements of the system for monitoring industrial processes. Methods for managing the technological process on a completely new basis by assessing current parameters to ensure the efficiency of production processes and the ability to manage the system according to the presented indicators are presented. The synthesized electronic system for monitoring and control of industrial processes provides technological security and high quality of the final product. The conducted research proves that the obtained experimental results and estimates fall within the permissible limits determined by the standards. A human-machine interface to an electronic system has been developed to qualify the finished product and achieve efficiency, accuracy in monitoring and control of production processes, as well as visualization of the received evaluation.


A 180o rotation about a phenyl-naphthyl bond is expected to be effectively blocked for derivatives of the peridiphenylnaphthalenes, in which steric requirements force the phenyl rings to assume a face-to-face conformation. However, surprisingly low rotational energy barriers have been found. The preparation and the measurement of the barrier to phenyl ring rotation of a derivative of the highly crowded 1,4,5,8-tetraphenylnaphthalene system is described. The barrier for this substance is 14.9 kcal/mol compared with 16.4 kcal/mol determined for 1,8-diphenylnaphthalene; both of these barriers are much lower compared with the 33.5 kcal/mol reported for the stereotopically similar [3,4]paracyclophane. The differences are discussed in terms of a rotational transition state having large deformations of the naphthalene ring.


A system for associative object recognition of learned objects by hierarchic template matching is presented. It is problem independent to some extent. It is able to classify and recognize objects that are taken by a TV camera in front of a known background scene. The hierarchic steps are as follows: separation of object and background, object normalization, classification, and individual recognition. For classification each template is an archetype constructed from the learned objects of one class. Three kinds of archetypes with respect to their classification efficiency are investigated.


Narratives about health have an established place in the study of the nature of illness and lay encounters with medical expertise. This article is based on research in the electronic realm of the Internet. Within this new and unique space, people have constructed 'home pages' that contain accounts of their health and illness. The interactive and dynamic nature of the Internet means that these web pages represent far more than conventional illness narratives. Based on an analysis of home pages a four-fold typology is presented. This framework is used to map the transformation of people from consumers of health information and care to producers of information and care. It is suggested that home pages constitute the emergence of a new genre that forms part of a broader reconfiguration of the relationship between lay and medical expertise.


We have investigated the relationship between scan parameters and image quality in fourdimensional cone-beam computed tomography (4D-CBCT) performed with a flat panel imager in image-guided radiotherapy. We have determined upper bounds on scan time while achieving objective thresholds of image quality, namely in noise performance and minimization of view aliasing artifacts. A slow-gantry design for 4D-CBCT was used, in which we slow down clinical linear accelerator gantry speed from the typical 1.0 rpm speed to 0.1 - 0.125 rpm, to ensure the projection angle spacing between two consecutive respiratory cycles is less than 3 degrees. A respiratory monitoring device was used to record the respiratory signal for temporal correlation of the projection data for 4D-CBCT image reconstruction. Four patient data sets were acquired. Reference images were reconstructed with all projection data and were compared with images reconstructed with 50%, 33% and 20% of the projection data. These three partial data reconstructions are simulations of scans with shorter acquisition times. The main image degradations in the short scan simulation image sets are streaking artifacts and poor signal to noise ratio, both caused by sparse projection sampling. The amount of streaking artifacts and SNR in each image set is quantified. By allowing some streaking artifacts and not compromising the assessment of tumor motion, we produce images that suggest that a reduction in scan time from 3 to 6 min to approximately 2 min may be possible, making 4D-CBCT feasible in a clinical setting.


Due to the openness of the wireless media and frequent interactions among sensor nodes, security has been tightly related to the data credibility and network reliability in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, based on fuzzy theory and evidence theory, we present a novel trust model to detect anomaly nodes in WSNs. Specifically, by observing nodes' behaviors with multi-dimensional characteristics, the proposed model can be used to efficiently identify malicious nodes while validating the normal operations. Extensive simulations are conducted, and the simulation results demonstrate the proposed trust model can achieve higher detection rate of malicious nodes in comparison with previously reported ones.


Standards in maths and chemistry exams in England and Wales have been maintained over the past 20 years, according to a report published last month. However, the content of GCSE and A-level exams, which are taken by pupils aged 16 and 18, has broadened during that time. Candidates now have to be familiar with more material, which has led to a reduced emphasis on reasoning and extended problem-solving, says the report by the School Curriculum and Assessment Authority (SCAA) and the Office for Standards in Education.


Nakdong river estuary is being operated with the goal of expanding the period of seawater inflow from this year to 2022 every month and creating a brackish water area within 15 km of the upstream of the river bank. In this study, the deep learning algorithm Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) was applied to predict the salinity of the Nakdong Bridge (about 5 km upstream of the river bank) for the purpose of rapid decision making for the target brackish water zone and prevention of salt water damage. Input data were constructed to reflect the temporal and spatial characteristics of the Nakdong River estuary, such as the amount of discharge from Changnyeong and Hamanbo, and an optimal model was constructed in consideration of the hydraulic characteristics of the Nakdong River Estuary by changing the degree according to the sequence length. For prediction accuracy, statistical analysis was performed using the coefficient of determination (R-squred) and RMSE (root mean square error). When the sequence length was 12, the R-squred 0.997 and RMSE 0.122 were the highest, and the prior prediction time showed a high degree of R-squred 0.93 or more until the 12-hour interval.


Ashley Forbes amongst freed political prisoners disembarking at Cape Town harbour on their release from Robben Island prison in 1991.


Dielectric measurement of liquid crystal materials with the cyanobiphenyl group, in different phases, are described. Measurements were carried out from 10/sup -4/ Hz to 10/sup 4/ Hz. In both isotropic and nematic phases a linear increase of /spl Delta/C'=C'-C/sub /spl infin// and C" with decreasing frequency is observed at f/spl les/0.1 Hz. C' and C" represent the complex capacitance, C/sub /spl infin// is the capacitance at high f. Below 0.1 Hz such behavior is not significant in the area where saturation is noticed. A similar dependence of solid and smectic phases is obtained, but all plots are shifted towards the low frequencies range. Linear slopes of log /spl Delta/C' and log C" vs. log f have been determined in order to evaluate fractal exponents of the dispersion laws. A very weak temperature dependence of these exponents has been noticed. The frequency of maximum loss tangent depends clearly on the temperature. This maximum shifts to higher frequencies with an increase in temperature. Results obtained have been compared with theoretical predictions of the literature models by numerical adjustment of the data.


distributed in the area to the east of qiyaoshan fault on the Yangtze block, south of the passive continental borderland fold thrust belt in Xiushan dome fold bundle. Controlled by folding tectonics of late, manganese deposits are mainly distributed in tongmaling anticline, Xiushan anticline wings, metallogenic period is late south the Datangpo group of early. In recent years, through the study of lithofacies paleogeography of manganese ore, metallogenic regularities and resources potential prediction, made breakthrough for deep ore exploration, but also for future ore prospecting direction, the mine ore body extension to deep remained more stable, mining and prospecting potential. Evaluation of Chongqing manganese ore potentiality of the ore district of Chongqing city zone division, determined the metallogenic prediction of manganese ore with attribution, tectonic summarizes the evolution of manganese ore tectonic units,the tectonic units basic characteristics,the lithofacies palaeogeography, stratigraphy and sedimentary formation, and the manganese ore controlling effect. In the condition of sufficient to collect all kinds of data, the lithofacies paleogeography and sedimentary manganese ore deposits are controlled by in-depth analysis, summed up the relevant conditions favor "Datangpo type manganese ore," laid a good foundation for the prediction of mineral resources. Evaluation of Chongqing manganese ore potential by comprehensive geological information element method of manganese ore prediction delineation, preferably, a resource prediction by the volumetric method. Delineation and quantitative forecast preferably 42 minimum prediction area, merge partition of II degree forecast area 13. GUO Yuhong, LI Yusheng, TIAN Ming, WU Peng, HAN Xuyuan, WU Xinyong and ZHANG Jun, 2014. Research on the Metallogenic Regularity Xiushan County of Chongqing Manganese Ore. Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition), 88(supp. 2): 255.


Abstract Matched samples of expert and novice badminton players from 12 yrs (n = 12), 15 yrs (n = 14), 18 yrs (n = 8), and adult (n = 55) age groups were tested on a film task designed to simulate the perceptual demands of the sport of badminton. In the first half of the film task subjects were presented with varying degrees of temporal information both leading up to, and following, the opponent's contact with the shuttle and were required to predict the landing position of the shuttle from the information available. The expert group, unlike the novice group, showed a progression to earlier information-extraction as a function of age although it was only at the adult level that the anticipatory performance of the expert players significantly exceeded that of their novice counterparts. In the second half of the film task the display was manipulated by masking visibility to a number of potential sources of advance information. Under these occlusion conditions experts, irrespective of age, were found to extr...


OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relations between acute inflammation, as shown by high C‐reactive protein (CRP) serum levels, and laboratory indexes of iron and nutritional status and to ascertain whether the presence of acute inflammation affects the diagnostic reliability of these indexes.


For middle-aged or older adults with osteoarthritis and a meniscal tear, there seem to be no significant differences between arthroscopic surgery plus PT and PT alone. A subset of patients who do not respond well to PT alone will eventually have surgery, but if they cross over to surgery within six months of beginning PT, their 12-month outcomes are not worse for the delay.


We evaluated the potential temporal association between hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) use and cardiovascular (CV) events among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA).


Abstract. Femtosecond laser inscription or writing has been recognized as a powerful technique to engineer various materials toward a number of applications. By efficient modification of refractive indices of dielectric crystals, optical waveguides with diverse configurations have been produced by femtosecond laser writing. The waveguiding properties depend not only on the parameters of the laser writing but also on the nature of the crystals. The mode profile tailoring and polarization engineering are realizable by selecting appropriate fabrication conditions. In addition, regardless of the complexity of crystal refractive index changes induced by ultrafast pulses, several three-dimensional geometries have been designed and implemented that are useful for the fabrication of laser-written photonic chips. Some intriguing devices, e.g., waveguide lasers, wavelength converters, and quantum memories, have been made, exhibiting potential for applications in various areas. Our work gives a concise review of the femtosecond laser-inscribed waveguides in dielectric crystals and focuses on the recent advances of this research area, including the fundamentals, fabrication, and selected photonic applications.


The Author casts some light upon the factors influencing the industrialization of Southern Italy, the economic and political problems raised by the phenomenon, and their consequences.


Today, tower cranes are in widespread use on construction sites all around the world. An important issue that arises when operating these cranes is the oscillatory behavior that occurs during payload transportation, which can have severe effects on safety as well as accuracy of payload delivery. Due to the nonlinear nature of the rotating crane motion, controlling these oscillations is a complex task. Additionally, the lack of sensors on many cranes that are in use today requires extra effort to design effective control strategies. While current research has made good progress on the subject of tower crane control, less attention has been given to the practical implications of applying these control methods to industrial tower cranes. This thesis provides a comparison of some of the best possible tower crane control strategies that can be achieved using modern control concepts. A performance analysis as well as a more practical comparison through a real-time tower crane simulator will give a deeper insight into the theoretical and practical limitations of these methods. Examensarbete MMK 2012:44 MDA 432 Reglermetoder för svängning av tornkran


The utility model discloses a simplified fuzzy PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) controller, comprising a PID regulating unit, and further comprising a sampling module, a data processing module and a control parameter storage module, wherein the data processing module selects a corresponding control parameter value from the control parameter storage module according to data acquired from the sampling module and sends the corresponding control parameter value to the PID regulating unit, and the PID regulating unit is used for carrying out regulation according to the received control parameter value. According to the simplified fuzzy PID controller provided by the utility model, a PID formula is simplified to be only one control parameter, the control parameter value under various working conditions can be determined according to a fuzzy control rule and fuzzy inference, so that the control parameter value corresponding to current working condition can be inquired according to the actual working condition and regulation can be performed by using the the control parameter value; and therefore, the PID controller has an online self-adaptive function and overcomes the affect of change in a controlled process on the control result.


A real-time data forecasting model based on modified BP neural network for thermal power plants has been put forward, that means momentum factors and adaptive learning rate have been introduced into standard BP algorithm, so as to reduce the process of convergence oscillation, and to speed up the learning speed. Selecting real - time data of feed-water flow rate of 300 MW unit in one power plant to train the said network for learning and verifying, the influence of nodal point number, learning specimen number, and momentum factors in the input and hidden layers upon forecasting precision of said model has been analysed. Practical examples show that the said model to boast better error - tolerant performance, can satisfy the requirements of performance analysis for thermal power units.


The ion–molecule reaction of N2O+ with D2 and H2 was studied by using the beam‐collision chamber method in the relative energy ranging from 2.1 to 6.3 eV. Three main product ions, N2OD+ (N2OH+), N2D+ (N2H+), and OD+ (OH+) were detected in N2O+–D2(H2) collisions. The collision energy dependence of the reaction cross sections and the velocity distributions of these ions were observed. The experimental results including isotope effects show that the reactions proceed by a direct and short‐lived interaction and suggest that the reaction path depends on the geometry formed from an incident ion and a target molecule in the collision. A simple collision model, which provides a consistent explanation of the experimental results, is proposed.


This paper analysed the unstable political factors that is important for stability of political situation and building of harmonious society,indicating a few ways:to be recognized by law;to meet the needs of the society;to keep the social firness and justice; to keep political participation in good order and legally;to reform the political system and its organization.


SPECIFICS OF CONVERGENT MEDIA CONTENT IN UKRAINE
 ON THE EXAMPLE OF RADIO LIBERTY

The aim of the work was to find out the role of convergent journalism in the modern Ukrainian media space.

Research methodology. The article used empirical and theoretical methods, the method of sociological research, descriptive and analytical method for the study of scientific literature, as well as system analysis and synthesis, problem-thematic and comparative analysis for the study of media materials. To cover the study of this topic, we will first analyze the theoretical sources. The next step is the analysis of the convergent media content on the example of Radio Liberty, and with the help of analysis and analogies, we will cover the work of editorial offices. Based on the obtained data, we will develop recommendations for journalists and consumers of information.

Results. Society has entered a new phase of information and communication technologies development. Information strongly influences the progress of humankind, the speed of obtaining, volume and quality of information become a factor of sustainable and efficient functioning of socio-economic systems. Journalism has become a global phenomenon. The rapid development of new digital technologies requires journalists to take new approaches to disseminating and presenting information. The media need effective editorial staff that will meet modern requirements. Consumers of information do not want to resort to three types of media (radio, press, TV) in turn, they need everything at once. Digital technologies put journalists in a rigid framework and demand from them not only professionalism but also universality. For instance, Radio Liberty is an example of convergent editorial office, which should be followed by other media that want to keep up with the times.

Novelty. Based on the results of the study, we can say that the transition from traditional to convergent media is still worth doing. After all, according to the survey, modern audiences need new approaches to presenting information.

Practical importance. It is worth creating applications for Android, IOS platforms, working on social networks – to make official accounts, develop the site as interactive as possible, always with the ability to comment and distribute news. It is also important to involve not only social networks, but also various video hosting services, because the modern consumer requires maximum interactivity.
Keywords: convergence, merger, online media, audience, content.


In this paper, the objective and scope of the doubly green revolution are introduced. The necessity, advantange and problems that carry out doubly green revolution in China were analysed. To ensure doubly green revolution success in China, it suggests that investment for agriculture should be increased, social service system and market for agriculture should be improved, and the regime for agriculture scientific research should be reformed. (Resume d'auteur)


Frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) system was implemented using dual interferometers with two different optical delay lengths. This system can overcome the limitation of the distance measurement range due to the coherence length of the light source.


A 2-stroke diesel engine has been developed by using theㆍRSSV system which was proven to be efficient scavenging system in a dynamic simulator experiment. A 4-stroke engine with 2-valve and 4-cylinder was modified into a 2-stroke engine with 4-walve and 2-cylinder. The developed prototype 2-stroke engine was tested to confirm the performance of the RSSV system in various conditions and compared with the scavenging system without the RSSV. It was found that the RSSV system could effcetively increase the scavenging efficiency and eventually the engine power higher in the 2-stroke engine than in the 4-stroke engine.


This research's goal is to study the features and find the patterns of changes in the concentration of chlorides, sulfates and fluorides over the past nine years and also along the longest part of the reservoir. Material and methods. During the research information on the history of the construction of the reservoir, its configuration and the sources used for desalination was used. Regular sampling data at three sampling points during 9 years was used for the research (in 2010-2018) these three sampling points are: one in the salty part of the reservoir and two in the desalinated part. Ion concentrations both annual and monthly average were used. Results. Chlorides, sulfates and fluorides dynamics was analyzed. It was discovered that the eastern part of the reservoir, which is river-fed and which is passing through salt marshes, is the main source of sulfates and chlorides while fluorides come from other sources. Conclusion. The conclusion about the spatial and temporal distribution of the anions also contains recommendations for a more detailed research of the salt composition of the Proletarskoye reservoir. It is also concluded that there is a particular influence of the anthropogenic factor on the development of sustainable ecosystems in such disturbed biogeocenosis as in an artificial reservoir.


Can the International Criminal Court deter atrocities and crimes? Using the persistence of conflict as a standard to criticise the ICC is fundamentally problematic and over-exaggerates our expectations of international criminal justice.


The transmission of 1 keV Ar+ ions through a macroscopic glass capillary is simulated by taking explicitly into account the secondary electron (SE) emission generated by ion impacts inside the capillary. The SE emission re-distributes the injected charge in the capillary wall and thus modifies the guiding power of insulating capillaries. Especially for high beam intensities, SE are found to be crucial for explaining the observed time-evolution of the transmitted intensities.


Aims: Based on a series of 25 cases, we define and characterize combined dermatofibroma, a tumour comprising two or more variant patterns of dermatofibroma in a single lesion.


Background: In patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has shown signifi cant prolongation of central motor conduction time (CMCT). Abnormal CMCT may refl ect sub-clinical involvement of motor pathways and correlate with clinical motor disability.The present study was undertaken to determine the diagnostic yield of TMS in MS, to assess the strength of the correlation between clinical disability and motor evoked potentials (MEP) abnormalities in different stages of progression of MS and to evaluate the possibility that TMS may be used to monitor clinical evolution in MS over time. Materials and methods: Fifty nine patients with clinically defi nite multiple sclerosis and eighteen healthy volunteers were included in the study. Patients were divided in three subgroups according to the moment and the character of disease. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) parameters were evaluated using single pulse TMS and a fi gure of eight coil. Parameters determined included: motor threshold, central motor conduction time (CMCT), latencies and amplitude of MEP at 120% of motor threshold. Results: Modifi cations of at least one parameter were observed at 91% cases. We noticed an increase of motor threshold, CMCT, cortical latencies and decrease of motor evoked potential (MEP) amplitude at 120% of motor threshold. Conclusion: There are signifi cant correlations observed between the abnormalities in CMCT and the degree of motor disability. The changes of MEP parameters were more pronounced in secondary-progressive MS. TMS is a highly sensitive technique to evaluate cortico-spinal conduction abnormalities in MS, in monitoring motor disability and the course of the disease.


Chaparral occupies about 6 million acres in Arizona and western New Mexico. The main body of the type begins near Silver City, New Mexico, and extends as a relatively narrow, discontinuous band across Arizona to Seligman. Grazing by livestock and game is an important use of chaparral. Numerous grasses, forbs, and halfshrubs are present in the type. The amount and kind of understory varies with shrub density, climate, soil type, and past use. Fair amounts of grass are produced between the shrubs in some areas, and many shrubs are grazed, especially in winter. Where interspaces are essentially bare and palatable shrubs are scarce, forage production is low. In such areas, increases in forage might be expected if the unpalatable shrubs were killed. This study, begun in 1954 on the Sierra Ancha Experimental Forest, reveals some effects of killing shrubs and trees in the chaparral on production and cover of associated grasses, forbs, and halfshrubs. Chaparral commonly occurs on the broken, rough slopes of the mountainous masses just south of the Mogollon Rim. The type extends into the edge of the pine at higher elevations (6,OOOf feet) and mingles with desertshrub species at lower elevations (3,500 feet) . Soils, generally poorly developed, are of several


Background Pulse wave velocity(PWV)as an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease partially reflected the vascular damage induced by various risk factors.Urinary microalbumin-to-creatinine ratio(MACR)and estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)also played an important role in evaluating the risk of cardiovascular disease.Objective To investigate the relationships between carotid femoral pulse wave velocity(cfPWV)and MACR and eGFR in adults.Methods Four hundred and fourteen people(160 males,254 females)aged 40-75 years were selected from the population by clustering sampling,who participated in the baseline survey of the high potassium and low sodium salt trial conducted in Qinghe County,Hebei Province.12 h fasting blood and urine sample were collected and urinary microalbumin,creatinine were measured,then MACR,eGFR were calculated and cfPWV was assessed.Results Grouping the population by quartile of cfPWV,SBP,DBP and MACR elevated while eGFR decreased with the cfPWV increasing.Controlling for age,cfPWV was significantly positively correlated with SBP(r=0.539,P0.01),DBP(r=0.429,P0.01)and mean arterial pressure(MAP)(r=0.513,P0.01),meanwhile negatively related to eGFR(r=-0.113,P0.05).Spearman nonparametric correlation analysis showed that cfPWV was significantly positively correlated with MACR(rs=0.157,P=0.001).After adjusting for age,MAP,BMI,cfPWV still represented a negative correlation with eGFR(t=-2.046,P=0.042)and positive correlation with MACR(t=2.232,P=0.027)by linear regression model in men.Conclusion SBP,DBP and MACR significantly increased with the increasing of cfPWV,and the cfPWV showed a negative relation to eGFR.cfPWV may played an important role in evaluating MACR and eGFR of men in the region.


SCREENING smokes, properly used, are perfectly safe. Some irritation of the throat and chest may be caused, but a properly designed smoke screen will rarely produce ill-effects from any but very prolonged or frequently repeated exposures. These chemical smokes may, however, be harmful if high concentrations are inhaled for mor'e than brief periods, so that dangers can arise from their misuse or the accidental ignition in enclosed spaces, such as dug-outs, buildings, or tunnels. Hardly a year goes by without such an accident occurring, and the diagnosis and treatment of the casualties always seem to present difficulties to the medical officers concerned. After a recent series of cases about which advice was sought it seemed both opportune and desirable to summarise, for the guidance of medical officers, the relevant experimental and clinical facts on the toxicity of the common screening smokes. All chemical smoke mixtures can be respiratory irritants and therefore their main toxic effect is one of damage to the respiratory system. However, they do vary in their irritancy and therefore in the danger they present. ' HCE-Smoke mixture contains equal quantities of hexachlorethane (HCE) and zinc oxide with 10 per cent calcium silicide. On ignition, a dense white smoke is produced and the possible products of combustion are zinc chloride, carbon monoxide, carbon' dioxide,' phosgene, hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons. Chemical analysis of the smoke cloud, produced in an enclosed gas chamber, has shown that the carbon monoxide concentration does not exceed 0.04 per cent, that only traces of phosgene (less than 15 mg./m3 ) are present, and that the only constituent of the smoke likely to be harmful is zinc chloride. On an average, the efficiency of the smoke generators is such that for every 100 g. mixture used, a little over 40 g. of zinc chloride is released. When inhaled, zinc chloride behaves as a corrosive irritant and animal experiments have shown that it will produce a severe tracheobronchitis and intense pulmonary congestion and redema. Guinea-pigs, which are susceptible to bronchospasm, may die rapidly from this and at autopsy the lungs are markedly emphysematous. The dosage of zinc chloride required to produce death in , animals is, however, fairly large. Thus_ the Let 50 for mice (i.e. the dosage, expressed as the product of the concentration and time of exposure to kill 50 per cent of the mice) has been estimated as 11,800 mg. min./m3• However, the dosage had to be reduced to 2,000 mg. min./m3 or less before no macroscopic or histological sign of lung damage was seen .


Profiles end powder frost after cold sealing for aluminium alloy profiles is generaed by over sealing of anodized film. The causes of formation are that anodized film thickness is not uniformal in a jig, anodized film thickness is thinnest at one end, the end firstcreats over sealing powder frost after longer time sealing. The surface defect can be removed or reduced by shortening seeling time ensuring anodized film thickness uni- formly and adopting other process methods.


Oxygen consumption following isometric tetanic contractions of single fibres and multifibre preparations of the tibialis anterior muscle of Rana temporaria was determined by continuous polarographic measurement of the PO2 in a 280 microliter glass chamber. Mixing of the fluid surrounding the muscle was achieved by an Archimedian screw. Force was measured via a stainless‐steel wire leaving the chamber via a glass capillary. The characteristics of the oxygen‐measuring system were assessed by injection of 1.6 microliter dye into the chamber and filming its subsequent distribution, and by injection of 1.6 microliter Ringer solution with a high (or low) oxygen content into the chamber and measuring the subsequent change of oxygen. It was found that a change in oxygen was measured after a true delay of 3 s and with an over‐all time constant of 3.25 s following that delay. For seven single fibres the oxygen consumption following a 3 s tetanus was on average 2.46 mumol g‐1; the average integrated value of the developed stress was 0.98 N mm‐2 s. These two values were on average about 45% lower for the same tetani of multifibre preparations, but the average ratio of oxygen consumption to integrated stress was the same. Oxygen consumption was varied by changing tetanus duration. When the amount of oxygen consumed was plotted against stress integral a non‐linear relationship was found because oxygen consumption increased less than the integrated stress value with longer tetani. Oxygen consumption did not start at the onset of contraction but about 10 s later. It then followed an exponential time course with an average time constant of 120 s. Delay and time constant were independent of the amount of oxygen consumed. The finding that oxygen consumption follows contraction after a delay of a few seconds confirms a similar conclusion drawn indirectly from studies on recovery heat by other investigators. A dependency of the time course of oxygen consumption on tetanus duration, as reported in the literature for frog muscle at 0 degree C, was not found.


To develop a test instrument that could garner measurements of the thermal performance of insulation under extreme conditions, researchers at Kennedy Space Center devised the Cryostat 1 and then Cryostat 2. McLean, Virginia-based QinetiQ North America licensed the technology and plans to market it to organizations developing materials for things like piping and storage tank insulation, refrigeration, appliances, and consumer goods.


Process, apparatus and cleaning system of an industrial type of fan spray of particulate elements, and associated cartridge. The invention relates to a method of cleaning a fan (2) of industrial projection type of particulate elements (3) in a projection direction (D) said particulate elements (3) being contained in a cartridge (4) , said cartridge (4) comprising a lateral surface (5), said particulate elements (3) being projected using a projection unit (6) comprising a chamber (7), in which are implemented the steps following: - a step of installation of the cartridge (4) in said chamber (7), - a projecting step of the particulate elements (3) towards the fan (2) from the cartridge (4) by subjecting the latter to a pressure shock (P) generated by the projection unit (6), characterized in that it comprises a stage of deterioration of the lateral surface (5). Cleaning of industrial fans.


DURING the last two years numerous reports have appeared in the European literature concerning the use of vitamin D in the treatment of cutaneous tuberculosis. Investigators in Belgium, France and England independently investigated the oral administration of large doses of vitamin D 2 . In the years which followed the announcement by Steenbock and his colleagues 1 of an antirachitic substance in irradiated sterols, Malmstrom, Villaret, Justin-Besancon and Fauvert, Bergmann 2 and others discovered that these new forms of vitamin D were useful in the treatment of various types of tuberculosis. In 1930 Levaditi and Po and Spies 3 reported that experimental tuberculosis in rabbits was distinctly benefited by the administration of large doses of irradiated ergosterol. These investigators observed that tuberculous tissue had a selective tendency to become calcified under the influence of this substance. A mineral shell formed around the areas of necrosis, and within this shell the tubercle


NEET youth who are not in education, employment, or training are characterized by heterogeneity, dynamic experience, and different levels of vulnerability. This study examined the impact of amotivation and career adaptability on NEET youth's career engagement and the moderating role of career adaptability in the relationship between amotivation and career engagement. A total of 2,677 valid pre-intervention questionnaires were collected from NEET youth participants aged 15-21 all over Hong Kong. The findings showed that amotivation had a negative association with career engagement, whereas career adaptability had a positive association with career engagement. We also identified an interaction effect between career adaptability and amotivation on career engagement among NEET youth. Our results revealed that a higher level of career adaptability and its four dimensions (i.e. concern, control, curiosity, and confidence) changed the direction of association between amotivation and career engagement of NEET youth. Implications for developing career support services to NEET youth were discussed. The term NEET (not in education, employment, or training) originated in the 1990s in the UK (Furlong, 2006) is now widely used in adolescent and youth studies all over the world (Holte, 2017). In 2018, there were 65,068 NEETs in Hong Kong, accounting for 8.9% of the youth population aged 15-24 in the second quarter of 2018 (Office of Government Economist Financial Secretary's Office, 2018). The corresponding rate in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries is 11.9% in 2018 (World Bank, 2019). Although the unemployment rate in Hong Kong shows a relatively 'better' image in a numerical sense, this has concealed many difficulties, risks, and challenges confronted by youth in the labour market, such as low pay, poor job prospects, precarious working conditions, working poverty, and a lack of job autonomy (Wong & Au Yeung, 2019). Under the umbrella of NEETs, there are many marginalized groups of NEET youth such as young carergivers, young mothers, ethnic minorities, youth secluded at home, school dropouts, youth with a disability, youth with incarceration experience, to name a few. NEETs are diverse and heterogeneous in terms of many sociodemographic variables such as gender, age, race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, educational level, and locality of residence (Mascherini & Ledermaier, 2016). The antecedents leading to the NEET status are also complex, which include micro-level sociodemographic factors mentioned above, and more macrolevel factors, such as cyclical conditions, structural variables, social policy pathways, and institutional framework (Marelli &Vakulenko, 2016). Moreover, the dynamics of NEETs are characterized by their moving in and out of education, employment, or training at a rapid pace, either voluntarily or involuntarily (Vancea & Utzet, 2018). Studying the career engagement of NEET youth in their transition to work is an important research topic for examining their heterogeneity, dynamics, and vulnerability. Amotivation, Career Engagement, and The Moderating Role of Career Adaptability of Youth Not in Education, Employment, or Training 2 © 2020 by the Asia Pacific Career Development Journal. Career engagement comprises a group of proactive career-related behaviors, such as career planning, career self-exploration, career environment exploration, networking, voluntary human capital/skill development, and positioning behaviors (Hirschi et al., 2014). Prior studies showed positive career outcomes of career engagement, such as positive feelings in vocational development and exploration processes (Neault & Pickerell, 2011), job and career satisfaction (Hirschi & Jaensch, 2015), and career decision self-efficacy (Kim et al., 2014. However, these prior studies on career engagement or distinct proactive career behaviour were focused on students or employees but not on NEETs. Compared with students, employees, or trainees, NEET youth are less likely to be linked up with career related information since attending school or going to work is not their routine. However, the status of being a NEET does not necessarily imply the absence or low level of proactive career behaviours or abilities for the following reasons: (a) some NEETs still show intention for job seeking by searching for relevant job information or attending job fairs; (b) some NEETs are actively networking with others for their future career by their participation in unpaid work experience such as volunteering and job attachment; and (c) some NEETs are still actively engaged in informal learning to enhance their transferable skills for improving their chance of entering or reentering the labour market (see, e.g., Gaspani, 2019; Wong & Yip, 2019). Identifying factors for accounting for the variation of career engagement of NEET youth is a research gap to be filled in. This research is the first-ever study aimed to examine the influence of amotivation and career adaptability, and their interaction effects, on career engagement among NEET youth characterized by diversity and differences. Literature Review and Hypotheses This research seeks to examine the ways in which amotivation and career adaptability interact to affect career engagement of NEET youth, aged 15-21, after controlling for sociodemographic variables in terms of gender, age, educational attainment, and length of being NEET. Our basic premise is that NEET youth's different levels of amotivation exert different effects on their career engagement. Furthermore, it is predicted that that the career adaptability shown by the NEETs would moderate the negative association between amotivation and career engagement among NEET youth. The literature and hypotheses supporting this premise are discussed below. Amotivation and Career Engagement Amotivation is one of the three forms of motivation along the self-determination continuum, which is the least self-determined form of motivation without having intention to act (Gagné & Deci, 2005). Amotivation, a dynamic concept, refers to the state of a lack of purpose or expectation concerning one's ability to change the course of events (Deci & Ryan, 1985; Guay et al., 2000; Ryan & Deci, 2000), or the inability to perceive any congruence between their actions and outcomes (Noels et al., 1999). Amotivated people usually encounter difficulties in understanding or evaluating the purpose or meanings for what they are doing, as they find it difficult to foresee positive outcomes in relation to their behaviors. Amotivation characterized by the lack of self-determined motivation is a spectrum construct rather than a dichotomous one. Prior studies using a single-dimensional factor of amotivation emphasized the level of unclear ambition/goals towards a specific sphere of activity (Alexandris et al., 2002; Mullan et al., 1997; Pelletier et al., 1997). Some typical example items for measuring amotivation are, "I have no ideas about what I am doing" or "I don't care what I am doing." The free time motivation scale for adolescents (FTMS-A) conceptualizes amotivation to be a single-dimensional factor and measures the research participants' amotivation towards the sphere of free-time activities with four items (Baldwin & Caldwell, 2003). As NEET youth are free Amotivation, Career Engagement, and The Moderating Role of Career Adaptability of Youth Not in Education, Employment, or Training 3 © 2020 by the Asia Pacific Career Development Journal. from doing any schooling or vocational tasks, to measure their amotivation in the use of free time for their own career purpose is considered important. There are many demotivating factors, structural and individual, which may spiral the NEET youth down into the state of amotivation. The mainstream, if not dominant, discourses tend to blame the NEET youth for their negative status and overlook their own agency accordingly (Evans, 2007; Suttill, 2017), and some NEETs may even internalize self-blaming for their resultant NEET status (Carrasco et al., 2018). For some youth groups categorized under the umbrella of NEET, vulnerable factors such as lower socio-economic status, low educational attainment, disability, mental health challenges, immigrant status, etc. would likely undesirably affect their prospect to make a breakthrough against their NEET status. Prior empirical studies also highlighted the scarring effects on long-term NEET youth under the age of 24 in particular, which may predict future long-term unemployment, bring a wage penalty, and deprive their career-related skills development (Brandt & Hank, 2014; Mojsoska-Blazevski et al., 2017). Taking into consideration their own perceived structural conditions and individual experiences, young people would come up with different levels of amotivation towards their future career. As the least self-determined form of motivation, amotivation may lead to negative outcomes such as learned helplessness, negative affect, impaired performance, and low self-esteem (Abramson et al., 1978; Vallerand & Bissonnette, 1992). In addition, previous studies indicated that amotivation played a role in the positive prediction of occupational indecision, and in the negative prediction of occupational interest/enjoyment and expectancy for occupational success (Jung, 2013; Jung & McCormick, 2010). It is suggested that amotivation may impair NEET youth's engagement in proactive career behaviors (Ose & Jensen, 2017; Popham, 2003). Empirical evidence supporting the positive relationship between amotivation and occupational indecision can shed light on the formulation of the first hypothesis: H1: amotivation will negatively associate with the career engagement of NEET youth. Career Adaptability Career adaptability is one of the core constructs in the career construction theory and refers to self-regulation resources that individuals use to cope with various tasks, transitions,


Aims: The objective of the current research was to determine the prevalence of supernumerary teeth and investigate its characteristic and complications in the Chinese population from the North-East Heilongjiang region. Materials and Methods: It was a descriptive and retrospective study which used registered notes and panoramic radiographs of 12,984 patients who visited the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, China between June 2011 to November 2015. Patients diagnosed with any syndrome or hereditary diseases were excluded from the study. The features of supernumerary teeth were noted and the data were analyzed using SPSS program, (version 20, Inc., Chicago, USA). The Chi-square test was used to determine the differences in the distribution of supernumerary teeth. It was tested at the 5% level of significance. Results: The prevalence was 5.2% and the most prevalent supernumerary teeth was incisor with 3.39% (n = 441). The supernumerary teeth were seen more in maxilla than mandible. The male to female ratio was 2.9:1. Specifically, higher prevalence of supernumerary teeth in male gender was statistically significant (p = 0.03). The supernumerary teeth mostly occurred in children of 5 - 10 years (62.3%), followed by young adolescent between 11 - 16 years (26.5%). Conclusion: The prevalence of supernumerary teeth was widely seen in children and young adolescent of Chinese population. The occurrence was mostly seen in maxilla than mandible and significantly higher in male than female.


With GM(1,1) prediction model,the deformation in supporting structure can be predicted.The test proves that the accuracy is high and so grey prediction method provides an effective method for foundation pit detection.


1. p438 Note 5 has ykrph, should be ykwph. 2. p439 l.5 (line 5) 'state bluntly' should be 'stating bluntly' 3. p439 l.18 Überlieferung should be italicized 4. p440 l.2 three words are missing. ''what better way than . . .'' should be ''what better way is there other than''. 5. p440 l.15 iprovides should be provides 6. p441 l.39 'Maier argues' should be '– while Maier's main argument is' 7. p444 l.4 mAvZa should be m6AvZa 8. p444 l.12 'regards as Minut' should be 'presents as Minut' 9. p445 l.12 Amoraic should be amoraic 10. p452 chapter 7 should be chapter 11. 11. p453 as the transliteration ''u-mahtati'' should be as in note 30 – remove the first t and change the h accordantly. 12. p463 l.24 Gitt in should be Gittin 13. p463 l.26 Gitt in should be Gittin 14. p463 l.28 the phrase 'we have a parallel to the Yerushalmi's passage of y6AvZa 2:2,' should be changed to 'the term refers to the Patriachs, like in the Yerushalmi's passage of y6AvZa 2:2,' 15. p463 l.29 yAvZa should be y6AvZa 16. p465 l.2 (2nd line in conclusion paragraph): ''survived in a larger . . .'' should be ''survived from a larger etc'', the same as in pg 439 3rd line of 3rd paragraph). 17. p465 l.10 there should be a comma after the word attests


Background: Outcome after cardiac arrest is poor. In refractory cardiac arrest, with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for more than 30 minutes, chances of survival decrease even further. Emergency extracorporeal life support (E-ECLS) has become an option for a highly selected population of cardiac arrest patients. Aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effects on outcome of E-ECLS in refractory cardiac arrest compared to ongoing standard CPR at an emergency department of a tertiary care center.

Methods: Anonymized data, of adult patients suffering cardiac arrest, treated between 2002 and 2012 and transported to our department in refractory cardiac arrest (more than 30 minutes) with ongoing hemodynamic instability and CPR were analyzed.

Results: Overall 269 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Baseline parameters and outcomes are displayed in Table 1. E-ECLS was initiated in 12 patients. They were younger, but otherwise did not differ significantly in cardiac arrest specific criteria. Overall survival to discharge in good neurologic condition (defined as cerebral performance category 1 or 2) was achieved in 18 (7%) patients and was significantly higher in the group of patients receiving E-ECLS (25% vs. 6% of patients p=0.038). Correcting for age in regression analysis we still found E-ECLS to be significantly associated with survival (OR 0.65 95%CI 0.04-0.94) p=0.041).

Conclusions: Emergency extracorporeal life support for patients in refractory cardiac arrest, deployed at an emergency department with critical care capability seems to be superior to standard CPR in terms of neurologic intact survival. Randomised controlled trials are urgently needed to verify these findings.

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Let $\pi_g$ stand for the fundamental group of the closed orientable surface $\Sigma_g$ of genus $g$. We use a finite complete rewriting system for $\pi_g$ in order to produce an explicit contracting homotopy for the standard minimal $\pi_g$-free resolution $M_*^g$ of the trivial $\pi_g$-module $\mathbb{Z}$. This allows us to construct an explicit diagonal approximation for any $\mathbb{Z}$-tensor product $M_*^{g_1}\otimes\cdots\otimes M_*^{g_n}$ which, in turn, yields an efficient method to compute the structure of the cohomology product maps $H^*(\pi_{g_1}\times\cdots\times\pi_{g_n};M)\otimes H^*(\pi_{g_1}\times\cdots\times\pi_{g_n};M')\to H^*(\pi_{g_1}\times\cdots\times\pi_{g_n};M\otimes M').$ Details and explicit examples are spelled out for $n=1$ and $n=2$ when the abelian group structure underlying both $M$ and $M'$ is $\mathbb{Z}$.


Abstract With electro-mobility, the demand for charging services is increasing. In Germany alone, the Federal Ministry for Digital Affairs and Transport required for at least 843,000 new charging stations by 2030. Charging service is key for electro-mobility and requires a new innovative technology for the future. Plug and Charge (PnC) enables easy, convenient, and secure charging process compared in existing technologies (RFID, SMS, or App). This secure and convenient charging process is based on digital certificates from PnC ecosystem. Today, validation of certificates between electric vehicle (EV) and charging station (EVSE) in PnC ecosystem is very simple. For the future, there are many new requirements for PnC ecosystem from new standard (ISO 15118-20), Federal Ministry of Economics and Climate Protection, new certificates (V2G root CAs) and new Pool&Service (e.g., Root Certificate Pool). This will make the validation of certificates between EV and EVSE more and more difficult. These new and existing requirements are identified, analyzed and evaluated here. With this article, for the first time, these requirements are derived on entire PnC ecosystem, on cloud components (e.g., MO) and on individual functions (e.g., mTLS, certificate authentication, and authorization). From these requirements, a three-level solution (1-EV, 2-PKI, and 3-Cloud components (e.g., MO, CPO)) is generated. These three level solutions enable successful validation of the certificate with or without interoperability of the certificate. New and various solutions for future networks (e.g., contract and root certificate pools) for either interoperable or non-interoperable networks are illustrated here.


The document is a compilation of information on innovative treatment technologies being used in the Superfund program and is intended to assist site project managers, consultants, responsible parties, and owner/operators in their efforts to identify current literature on innovative treatment technologies for hazardous waste remediation on corrective action. The technologies addressed in the guide include the following: Incineration, Thermal Desorption, Soil Washing, Solvent Extraction, Dechlorination, Bioremediation, Vacuum Extraction, Vitrification, and Ground Water Treatment. Also included in the guide for the user's reference are summary statistics of EPA's selection and application of innovative treatment technologies between 1982 and 1990. In addition the guide provides for each technology a detailed description, status of development and application, strengths, weaknesses and materials handling considerations. A comprehensive bibliography for each technology can be found within each chapter.


The shape of OHp tagging signal line is complicated and changeable under the interaction of turbulence and combustion in HTV velocity measurement of scramjet combustion flow field. The light intensity distribution on the OHp tagging line is modulated, and the broadening degree is not consistent with the Gaussian distribution, so an optimal extraction method based on Hessian matrix is presented. Using the Hessian matrix, the gray distribution function on the cross-section of the tagging line is expanded in the normal direction by the second-order Taylor, and the precise position of the center line is obtained. Compared with line-by-line Gaussian fitting method, this method has better anti-distortion and anti-noise performance. The accurate extraction method of OHp molecular information is applied to the HTV velocity measurement technology in the scramjet combustion flow field, which improves the precision of the extraction and the accuracy of the HTV velocity measurement. It lays a foundation for the development and application of HTV.


There exists an eternal conflict between dependency and independency in higher education in the history of higher education, and their concepts varies from one period to another. The more higher education involves in the social affairs, the narrower its independent space becomes. Thus, the development of the independent space in higher education nowadays must be based on the deep understanding and grasping the concept of independency, seeking for the law guarantee, strengthening the institutional construction, connecting the wining of independency with the social accountabilities in higher education.


We developed a low noise detection system using an InGaAs-PIN photodiode for near infrared spectroscopic measurement. Since no practical photomultipliers are available in near infrared region, a Ge PIN photodiode cooled at 77 K with a transimpedance(TIA)circuit and lock-in amplifier is usually used. InGaAs PIN photodiodes are more suitable than Ge PIN photodiodes for detecting low level light in the view of dark current and quantum efficiency. The detection system consists of an InGaAs PIN photodiode with a charge integrating amplifier operated at 77 K. The minimum detectable power of 10-16 W was achieved at the wavelength of 1.28オm. The integration time was 10 s. The system performance was tested by the measurement of the spectrum of singlet oxygen.


PURPOSE: To accurately detect an amount of strip remaining on a roll being worn by detecting an electric impedance generated in a roll and a roll shaft assembly so that a signal can be relayed when this detection value corresponds to a preset value. CONSTITUTION: A detecting means 7 which is actuated at a supply part 1 for detecting a natural impedance to a roll 2 and the assembly of a roll shaft 3 is provided. When the impedance detected by the detecting means 7 is equal to a reference value, an output signal is relayed to a control means 14 by a measuring and comparing means 22 and the replacement of the empty roll 2 with a filled roll is started in accordance with the output signal. COPYRIGHT: (C)1991,JPO


: With the rapid development in advertising, it has become nec - essary to keep pace with this development to ensure the continuity of influence on the recipients, so AI techniques have become one of the most important emerging technologies that designer can em - ploy in advertising, AI is a comprehensive term for applications that perform complex tasks that in the past required a long intel - lectual effort from designer, such as access to an unconventional innovative idea that is unparalleled. The problem is how AI tech - nology can be employed innovatively in advertising as one of the recent trends? And how it can be compatible with the requirements of advertising era, where the research assumes that employing mi - djourney technology as one of artificial intelligence applications can be a helpful tool for designer in developing ideas on social media. Research aims to employ AI technology as a recent trend in advertising. The importance lies in the continuous competition and the need for modern technology to develop presented advertising ideas with higher efficiency in a way that doesn't replace the pres


This documentary video tracks the development and evolution of the Education With/Out Borders Symposium in the Faculty of Education at Simon Fraser University. This gathering began as a one-time event intended to build a sense of community and bridge the departmental and hierarchical borders that can often obstruct the free flow of ideas within the faculty. Now more than six years later, the symposium is still going strong. However, it would appear that as the organizational baton has been passed, year to year, from one planning committee to the next, the symposium has begun to drift away from the intent of its progenitors. While it is still going strong, and has become something of an institution in the Faculty of Education at SFU, one is compelled to ask, is Education With/Out Borders helping individuals in the faculty to find ways of tearing down or bridging academic borders and if not, then how might it be steered back on this path?


The exposure of human tissue under the electromagnetic radiation can lead at the modifying of the biological rhythms of the cell. According to the recent researches that indicate that the exposure of the tissue under electromagnetic radiation leads at its heating, some researchers realized different devices for the adsorption of the electromagnetic radiation produced by the mobile phones. In this paper are presented the effects of electromagnetic radiation produced by a mobile phone under the facial tissue in comparison with the effects produced by the same phone that contains a device for the electromagnetic radiation adsorption. The main objectives of this research are the evaluation of the level of facial tissue heating, after the prolonged phone conversation and the comparison with the level of tissue heating due to the electromagnetic radiation produced by a mobile phone with a device of radiation absorption.


1. Why Should We Study Sex Differences in Cognitive Abilities? 2. Searching For Sex Differences in Cognitive Abilities. 3. Empirical Evidence for Cognitive Sex Differences. 4. Biological Hypotheses Part I: Genes and Hormones. 5. Biological Hypotheses Part II: Brains, Evolutionary Pressures, and Brain-Behavior Relationships. 6. Psychosocial Hypotheses Part I: Sex Role Stereotypes Throughout the Life Span. 7. Psychosocial Hypotheses Part II: Theoretical Perspectives for Understanding the Role of Psychosocial Variables. 8. Using a Biopsychosocial Perspective to Understand Cognitive Sex Differences.


Unlike transistors, the continuous downscaling of feature size in CMOS technology leads to a dramatic rise in interconnect resistivity and concomitant performance degradation [...].


The experiment was carried out in Harbin area. Dongnong 253, a high-yield variety, was chosen as experimental material and planting density was 90000 plants/hm2. Four nitrogen treatments, 0-N(no N), 70-N(195kg/ hm2),100-N(279kg/ hm2) and 130-N(362kg/ hm2) were set up to study the effect of different nitrogen treatments on leaf photosynthetic physiology and corn yield under high density planting. SPAD values(chlorophyll content) and Fv/Fm(PSII maximum photochemical efficiency) were showed an inverted "V"trends under four nitrogen treatments, reaching maximum values in the filling stage. Take 100-N treatment as an example, leaf SPAD value was significantly higher than other treatments in filling period and photo-inhibition was the weakest. LAI(leaf area index) reached maximum value in silking period under 100-N treatment, significantly higher than other treatments. After filling stage, LAD of 100-N treatment groups was higher than other nitrogen treatment, and the total LAD showed the same results. The value of layer transmittance was lowest under 100-N treatment. 100-N(279kg/ hm2) nitrogen treatment was the most suitable for maize leaf photosynthetic function and reaching the highest yield under 90000 plants/ hm2high density planting in Heilongjiang Province.


The policy adopted by the Twenty-fifth Congress of the CPSU on raising the quality of work and the effectiveness of social production means that work must be more highly organized and disciplined and that initiative and creative searching must be fostered. "The country sets as its goal enlargement of the real opportunities for citizens to apply their creative powers, abilities, and gifts and for comprehensive development of the individual." (1)


The report considers the lower and upper complexity estimates as called multicast multiplex operator in the class contact diagrams. The multicast multiplexer operator represents a system consisting of multiplexer functions, sets of address whose variables are different, and the sets of information variables match up. This operator allows you to access the same memory using several addresses at once.


Introduction Pulmonary sequestration is a congenital malformation of the lower respiratory tract characterized as embryonic lung tissue often supplied by an aberrant branch of the descending aorta [1]. Pulmonary sequestration is believed to encompass 0.15-6.45% of all congenital pulmonary malformations, making it extremely rare [2, 3]. While numerous case reports of pulmonary sequestration have been published, most describe the presence of an aberrant artery extending into the pulmonary vasculature [2]. We present a case of a 41-year-old male with intralobar pulmonary sequestration of his right lower lobe, supplied by an aneurysmal branch of the thoracic aorta , undergoing a right thoracotomy, aneurysm resection, and right lower lobectomy. Case Report A 41-year old male with past medical history significant for intrapulmonary sequestration presented to us with an infected, aberrant, aneurysmal, partially-thrombosed vessel originating from the distal thoracic aorta identified on chest CT, measuring 12.5 cm x 5.2 cm x 5.8 cm in the right lower lobe. The patient initially complained of fevers, night sweats, dry cough, and unintentional weight loss 2 months after having an arteriogram with coiling performed in light of the aneurysm (Figure 1). As a result, the decision was made to perform a resection of the aneurysm and a right lower lobectomy via thoracotomy. Preoperatively, an 18-gauge peripheral intravenous catheter and a radial arterial catheter were placed to facilitate induction of general anesthesia and hemodynamic monitoring, respectively. The patient was thereafter taken to the operating room where standard ASA monitors were utilized. In addition, for the duration of the case, cardiopulmonary bypass was on standby in the event of inadequate hemostasis. Anesthesia was then induced with fentanyl, propofol, and vecuronium. A left-sided 37-French double lumen endotracheal tube was inserted under direct laryngoscopy to secure the airway and prevent cross-contamination of the left lung. A right-sided 9-French introducer was preemptively placed in the internal jugular vein under ultrasound guidance for resuscitation. A transesophageal echocardiogram probe was also utilized to identify the thrombosed aneurysm (Figure 2) and monitor the patient's volume status. Shortly after incision, onelung ventilation was utilized to improve surgical visualization. Upon exposure, the right lower lobe appeared purulent, and pus was noted in the bronchial lumen of the endotracheal tube. The ISSN 2378-900X-1-102 Case Report Ankur Dave, Aperito J Surg and Anaesth 2014, 1:1


This paper introduces two clustering methods to be used in the analysis of network traffic. The methods are the self-organizing map (SOM) and the fuzzy c-means clustering (FCM) algorithm. First the basic theory of both methods is presented. Before the clustering process, a comprehensive data preprocessing is performed. Methods are used to produce application profiles and clusters from network traffic data. Application profiles produce significant information of the network's current state and point out similarities between different applications. This information will be later used to manage the network resources. We present a new way to compare the results obtained with SOM and FCM with enhanced nearest prototype (NP) classification algorithm. Both methods gained good results.


This paper embarks on the rhetorical and stylistic strategy called al-ᵓInzīyyāḥ (literally, displacement or divergence) found in the stories of the Holy Qur'an. The paper presents the salient characteristics, meanings, and connotations of al-ᵓInzīyyāḥ in the story of the Prophet Yūsuf (Joseph) as narrated in Sura Yūsuf (Q.12) and from the perspectives of the Arab interpreters of the Holy Qur'an. The paper includes two sections: theoretical and applied. The first embarks on defining al-ᵓInzīyyāḥ and surveying its rhetorical and stylistic significance in Arabic. The second applied section surveys all instances of al-ᵓInzīyyāḥ in Sura Yūsuf, and it explores their significance within the context of each verse according to early and contemporary arab interpreters of the holy Qur'an, and in accordance to the Arabic grammar. It is found that al-ᵓInzīyyāḥ in Sura Yūsuf comes in different forms, and it has several characteristics and purposes especially in expressing polite and courtesy speech and adhering to the codes of decorum.


Annulus flow is a phenomenon which is frequently encountered in many industrial processes and has been under investigation for many decades. It is relatively simple to study concentric annulus flow. However, if the annulus is eccentric, calculations become complex due to the asymmetry of the eccentric annulus flow. During drilling operation, the space between the drill stem and the well wall is generally an eccentric annulus. Especially in highly deviated wells and horizontal wells, the drill stem will be located at the low side of the wellbore because of gravitational effects, thus, a fully eccentric annulus is formed. The velocity profile in the eccentric annulus will exert a great impact on the transportation and distribution of the cuttings, which is very important to prevent the drill string from being buried and avert sticking incidents. Based on a single-phase flow model and a solidliquid two phase mixture drift model, (using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software) we analyze the influence of six factors in this paper. These factors are the • flow rate, • fluid viscosity, • the type of fluid, • eccentricity, • annulus geometry size and • cuttings concentration. According to the results of numerical simulation, we can see that the velocity profile in the eccentric annulus is asymmetrical. There will be a high-speed basin in the wide gap of the annulus while the low-speed basin will lie in the narrow gap. With increasing flow rate, annulus geometry size and a decrease of the eccentricity, the area of the high-speed basin in the annulus will be increased and that of the low-speed basin will be decreased. This will improve the uniformity of the annulus flow. With increasing fluid viscosity and cuttings concentration, the velocity in high-speed basin of the annulus will be increased, at the same time, the velocity in low-speed basin will be decreased and the change of the velocity is not evident. However, the pressure loss in annulus will increase rapidly. Therefore, we have to ensure that the velocity at the low-speed basin is large enough to transport the cuttings and to avoid the debris deposition in the drilling operation. At the same time, the borehole pressure should be taken into consideration when we select the reasonable drilling fluid viscosity.


All organizations need information as a basis for decision making. Information has become a major resource for most organizations, both for profit and nonprofit organization. In recent years, Accounting Information Systems (AIS) has become a system that is very important in an organization because it generates important information for the organization. To prevent and minimize errors and frauds in applying accounting information system in order to generate the information an internal control needs to be applied inside the system. The aim of this investigation is to get the eviden the influence of internal control on the quality of accounting information. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors that affect accounting information system success and accounting information quality.


The effect of magnetic fields on the precipitation patterns of Mn–Fe-based Prussian blue analogues in water–glass gels was studied using X-ray fluorescence and X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopies. Three sets of two glass tubes, A, B, and C, were prepared using 1.20 M Mn2+/0.24 M [Fe(CN)6]3–, 0.60 M Mn2+/0.12 M [Fe(CN)6]3–, and 0.30 M Mn2+/0.06 M [Fe(CN)6]3– solutions, respectively. From each of these sets, one tube was subjected to a magnetic field of 0.5 T, whereas the other was not. The magnetic field barely affected the Liesegang bands in the tube from Set A, but there were noticeable differences in the tubes from sets B and C, where (1) the amounts of electrolytes were small, (2) the dominant Mn species was [Mn(H2O)6]2+, and (3) there was stochasticity of the band formation. In these regions, the magnetic field painted out the spaces between the precipitation bands, even enhancing the formation of additional bands.


The human skeleton is living tissue that is either growing or being renewed. Our understanding of the pathogenesis of bone disorders has progressed considerably over the past 37 years. A large number of genetic and developmental disorders affect the skeleton. Rare bone diseases account for 5% of all birth defects. The skeletal dysplasias are inherited in an autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, X-linked recessive, and X-linked dominant, and Y-linked manner.


OBJECTIVE An assay method was developed for the determination of chlorogenic acid in Xiaoeryanbian granule by HPLC.METHODS The analysis was performed on Shim-pack VP-ODS C18(250mm×4.6mm,5μm)column.Mobile phase:acetonitrile-0.4% phosphoric acid(8∶92);Detector wavelength:327nm.RESULTS The linear range was 0.201μg~1.005μg;relevant coefficient r=0.9999(n=5);The average recovery was 97.18%,RSD=0.79%.CONCLUSION The method is simple,rapid and accurate.It is suitable for the quality control of Xiaoeryanbian granule.