The invention provides a method for manufacturing SPA-H high-strength atmospheric corrosion resistance steel by using a continuous annealing machine set, belonging to the field of rolling of cold rolled strips. Parameters of a hot rolling process are as follows: the heating temperature is 1180-1260 DEG C, the final rolling temperature is 860+/-20 DEG C, the rolling temperature is 610+/-20 DEG C, and the cold rolling screwdown rate is controlled within a range of 35-60% according to different specifications. The temperature of a continuous annealing heating section is 800+/-20 DEG C, the temperature of a soaking section is 800+/-20 DEG C, the temperature of a slow cooling section outlet is 680+/-20 DEG C, the temperature of a quick cooling section outlet is 430+/-20 DEG C, the temperature of an overageing section is 400+/-20 DEG C, the process speed is 150-200 mpm, the soaking time is 200-250 s, and the leveling elongation is 1.2+/-0.3 %. The method provided by the invention has the following advantages that: the SPA-H high-strength atmospheric corrosion resistance steel generally manufactured on a hot rolling production line in the prior art is successfully manufactured on the continuous annealing machine set by using the cold rolling process while the hot rolling production machine set is affected by factors like limit specifications and mechanical equipment capacities and the like; and the cold rolling process, continuous annealing process and other processes are optimized in such a way that the manufactured high-strength atmospheric corrosion resistance steel has high strength and good elongation.


In this paper, the author reports disagreements with Butler's comments. The equation presented in that paper will provide reliable horizontal-well-rate estimates. The formula assumes that a flow problem for a 3D horizontal well can be solved as an addition of two different ones can be calculated without defining how to calculate the term x in this equation. Finally, Butler offers no numerical comparisons to substantiate his statements that my equation is significantly in error for the range of parameters encountered in practical situations. In conclusion, on the basis of the field histories and the advanced mathematical analyses that have been published since 1988, the author finds no technical or practical merit in Butler's comments or his derivations.


There are some who will say that the ability to read someone else's mind does not exist. That genuine person to person communication is impossible. Some will proclaim just the opposite. That mind reading is not only justifiably probable but altogether possible. And in the very near future, will be scientifically validated and confirmed. Whichever side you take, you must agree that the entire idea is fascinating and worthy of investigation.The technique now is in your hands.


The antibody responses of cattle, sheep and goats to the Brucella melitensis H38 adjuvant vaccine were monitored by serum (tube) agglutination, complement fixation and Rose Bengal plate tests. High and persisting antibody titres were induced by a single dose of this vaccine in all three species. It would be difficult to classify reactors by commonly used diagnostic tests in a control or an eradication programme using the H38 adjuvant vaccine.


Summary. Leucocyte glycogen responses in inflammatory exudates were studied in guinea‐pigs. Inflammatory exudates were produced by sterile casein injection intraperitoneally. Glycogen content, incorporation of [14C]glucose into glycogen, and activity of glycogen synthetase and glycogen phosphorylase were studied in both exudate leucocytes and blood leucocytes of the same animals. Glycogen content rises dramatically in exudate leucocytes and remains above control blood values for at least 5 days. Glycogen content of circulating blood leucocytes also rises to less extreme but significant levels during inflammation. Fasting had no effect on the ability of the animals to sustain the glycogen‐loading response in the leucocytes over a 3‐day period. Incorporation of [14C]glucose into glycogen was low in exudate leucocytes and high in blood leucocytes. An inverse correlation between glycogen content and glucose incorporation into leucocyte glycogen was demonstrated for exudate leucocytes. Glycogen synthetase activity was found significantly higher in exudate leucocytes than blood leucocytes, the increase being primarily in the glucose‐6‐phosphate‐dependent (D) form of the enzyme. Glycogen phosphorylase activity was no different in blood and exudate leucocytes. The striking rise in glycogen content of inflammatory leucocytes is probably part of a normal physiologic response, and can be accounted for by a relative increase in glycogen synthesis (synthetase activity) while glycogen degradation in these constantly turning‐over molecules remains constant.


The whitefly Bemisia tabaci Gennadius is the key pest of protected tomato production in Spain. The predominant form is biotype ''Q'', an efficient vector of tomato yellow leafcurl virus (TYLCV), which is the principal cause of damage. Although management has relied primarily on chemical control, factors such as overlapping crop cycles, insecticide resistance and public pressure have spurred development of alternative management tactics. These include TYLCV-tolerant varieties and pest exclusion methods that, along with more selective insecticides, have created a more compatible environment for biological control. Here we describe trials of an integrated pest management (IPM) system conducted during the fall season in 12 commercial greenhouses throughout the production area compared with 7 greenhouses utilizing only chemical control (termed ''conventional''). Each IPM greenhouse was divided into 4 equal sections, two receiving weekly releases of the indigenous Eretmocerus mundus Mercet and two receiving the exotic Eretmocerus eremicus Rose & Zolnerowich. Fewer and more selective pesticides were used in IPM greenhouses compared to conventional greenhouses. Early use of broad-spectrum insecticides in IPM greenhouses appeared to be counterproductive in that establishment of parasitioids was delayed with no real gain in control. Incidence of parasitized whiteflies in IPM greenhouses averaged around 50%, with E. mundus predominating, compared to less than 3% in conventional greenhouses originating from immigrating E. mundus. Whiteflies were on average more numerous on plants in IPM greenhouses although there were exceptions. Also, whitefly populations in IPM greenhouses tended to decrease as the crop matured, in contrast to conventional greenhouses. Biological control was most successful where TYLCV-resistant cultivars and exclusion strategies (insect netting) reduced whitefly populations and the risk of virus disease. Continued acceptance of these tactics, and increasing public demand should create a favorable climate for increased implementation of biologically based pest management in protected tomato culture. r 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


Absolute off-flavor thresholds were determined for six solvents in a high fat cookie by a combination of sensory evaluation and gas chromatographic analysis for solvents. Thresholds at 25°C were toluene (1.2 ppm), butanone-2 (5 ppm), ethyl acetate (7 ppm), hexane (24 ppm), propanol-2 (37 ppm), 2-methoxy ethanol (63 ppm). Partition coefficients were also determined for these solvents in the cookies and in polypropylene packaging film to estimate the concentration in the film that could produce off-flavor in the cookies.


The acoustic attenuation of hybrid mufflers including perforated screens and sound‐absorbent materials is investigated in the current study. An analytical method based on a 2‐D mode matching technique is used to model an axisymmetrical hybrid muffler. In the theoretical analysis, the hybrid muffler is divided into a number of sections in different homogeneous media with different acoustical characteristics. The acoustic properties of sound absorbent materials and perforated screens are taken into account to obtain eigenfunctions for wave propagation through the air and sound absorbent materials. A system of equations can be solved by matching the acoustic pressure and axial velocity across different sections, which leads to the solution for the determination of the muffler's transmission loss (TL). The numerical predictions of TL show good agreements with published experimental data. The developed analytical approach is then used to examine the effect of the inner structure of the hybrid mufflers on their...


Debris-contaminated lubrication environment is inherent in many equipment applications and requires mechanical components that, as much as possible, are resistant to the potential detrimental effects of debris particles. Bearing fatigue life performance comparisons were made for various bearing materials and manufacturer origin, in order to assess the variability in performance of debris-damaged race-ways. The evaluation was conducted using a repeatable debris-damaging process prior to fatigue testing of each group of bearings. The performance results reveal wide variations in the impact that debris damage can have on various bearing products and materials.


The construction industry is a hazardous industry in which to work. Many hazards relate to the physical work processes, equipment and materials used in construction work. However, there is an increasing focus on hazards arising from the ways that construction projects are designed and delivered, and that construction work is organised and managed. Client organisations are increasingly recognising a need to become more active and to use their purchasing power to shape improvements in OH&S performance. The consideration of construction OH&S in the pre-construction and design stages of projects can also improve the quality of risk controls implemented during the construction stage. At the local worksite, effective frontline supervision is critically important to ensuring the physical work undertaken by subcontractors is well managed and OH&S requirements are met. Participatory forms of management are also helpful to identify
work process improvements, drawing on workers practical knowledge and worksite experience.


An anti-loosening device of a connector is used for preventing a first connector of an electronic element from being loosened from a second connector of a circuit board. The anti-loosening device of the connector comprises a main body for fastening the second connector, a suspension plate is respectively arranged at two ends of the main body, and a clamping hook clamped at two sides of the electronic element is respectively arranged at the tail ends of the two suspension plates. The anti-loosening device of the connector is fastened on the second connector and provided with the clamping hooks fastened on the two sides of the electronic element, and effectively prevents the first connector of the electronic element from being loosened from the second connector.


this review paper presents different methods to implement IoT based smart village. Smart villages are rural communities which use innovative solutions to enhance their sustainability, built on local strengths and opportunities. The idea of smart village would help villages become self-reliable that can encourage foreign and domestic investors. Various techniques are also discussed, such as smart irrigation, safety, and soil testing, automatic street lights which are used for implementation of smart village.


The factor design method is introduced to design experiments.The weld sizes are achieved in the experiments using this method,and somewhat statistics analysis is made to discuss the relationships between the welding procedure variables (welding current,welding voltage, mixed gas rate) and the weld size.As a result,the mathematical models about the three variables of the weld geometry:penetration H,weld width B and weld reinforcement a are put forward,and the mathematical models are verified by experiments.The weld geometry can be forecasted using the models.


Emergency response is only ever effective if potential, credible emergency incidents are pre-planned and exercised. There is a need for effective response training that considers the site specific incidents that could occur and provides responders with a clear view of the scenario. How is it possible to estimate the performance of an Emergency Response System (ERS)? This paper resumes the past experience on the inspections and audits of ERS carried out and discuss about the weak points met to achieve an effective response in case of emergency.


The partitioning of N‐glycosylated proteins between folding and quality control requires the removal of α1,2‐linked mannose by endoplasmic reticulum mannosidase I (ERManI). The rate of mannose removal, and resultant substrate selection, are functions of the ERManI concentration. The human ortholog is not transcriptionally responsive to the mammalian unfolded protein response (UPR), but subject to proteolytic down‐regulation. Herein, the regulation of human ERManI by ER stress was elucidated. The elimination of a glycosylated ERAD substrate was accelerated in response to over‐expression of the inactive ER degradation‐enhancing mannosidase‐like protein 1 (EDEM1). Concomitant acceleration of N‐linked oligosaccharide trimming implied the involvement of ERManI. In support of this hypothesis, a physical interaction between EDEM1 and ERManI was detected by co‐immunoprecipitation. Furthermore, human ERManI was stabilized in response to experimental induction of the UPR in cells treated with tunicamycin or transfected with a spliced variant of XBP1. Ablated stabilization in response to RNAi‐mediated knock‐down of endogenous EDEM1 substantiated the physiological relevance of the regulatory system. A model is proposed in which physical interaction with transcriptionally‐elevated EDEM1 boosts glycoprotein degradation during ER stress by hindering the down‐regulation of ERManI (NIH R01DK064232).


This study was carried out to investigate the adsorption characteristics of thermally treated dolomite. Dolomite was thermally treated at different temperature (100-950 ℃) and dolomite thermally treated at 900°C (D900) was found to have the highest adsorption capacity for phosphate. D900 showed 12 times higher phosphate adsorption than untreated dolomite. The contents of CaO obtained from X-ray fluorescence analysis did not show significant difference of chemical composition depending on thermal temperature. The specific surface area of D900 was larger than other adsorbents. The time to reach equilibrium for phosphate adsorption onto D900 was 3 hr at low initial concentration (100 mg/L) but 7 days at high concentration (1,000 mg/L). The equilibrium adsorption results were fitted well with both Langmuir and Freundlich models, and low 1/n value indicated that strong adsorption between phosphate and the surface of D900. Thermodynamic analysis showed that the phosphate adsorption onto D900 is endothermic and nonspontaneous reaction. Experiments were carried out under different pH and the presence of competitive anions. As the pH of the solution increased from pH 3 to pH 11, the amount of phosphate adsorption was decreased. The presence of NO 3 - , SO 4 2- , and HCO 3 - decreased phosphate adsorption and its influence follows the order: HCO 3 - > SO 4 2- > NO 3 - . P adsorbed on the surface of D900 was mainly present as residual form.


This study presents a dossier which analyzes diverse manifestations of the role of culture in contemporary relations between Spain and the United States, as a contribution to current historiographical approaches to international cultural relations. Spanish publications on this subject are relatively scarce, so the introductory essay aims to review the historiographical context in which the research has been produced, before commenting on each article and author of the dossier. It offers an overview of what has been published in Spain since 1999 on Spanish-U.S. cultural relations. It finds that the main approach of the majority of the published studies has been the documentation and analysis of perceptions of the 'other', and it identifies the specific subjects that have appeared under two broad headings: Spain as seen by the USAmericans, and the United States in Spanish perceptions.


Traditional meter reading has not satisfied the requirements of modern management, because it has drawbacks such as indoor meter reading with difficulty, excessive management cost and hidden trouble in safety. Therefore a wirelessmeter reading system based on ZigBee technology is given. Atmega88 and CC1100 in the system are the cores to carry out the design of hardware structure and software processes. At the same time, the working principle of the whole system and the means of communication are also analyzed in the paper.


The modification of the Particle Swarm Optimizer has been shown to be effective in locating a changing extrema. In this paper we investigate the effectiveness of the modified PSO in tracking changing extrema over time. We demonstrate that a modified PSO is reliable and accurate in tracking a continuously changing solution.


This case is illustrative of a very important group of dermatoses due to protein sensitization. Some few of these may perhaps be solved clinically, but in most, as in the present instance, the essential information will be withheld until the results of protein skin-testing have given the proper direction to the questioning. The patient is seldom able to associate his trouble with its cause. The only safe rule is to insist on complete and thorough protein skin-testing in all cases of unexplained or refractory dermatitis. If there is a positive history of allergy, skin testing is imperative. Positive reactions point the way to a specific therapy. In no field of medicine are results more spectacular or patients more grateful.


High-quality information can decrease information asymmetry between corporation and investors, thereby decreases equity capital cost. Using sample of refinancing from 2003 to 2007, this paper explores influence mechanism of family controls has on the relationship between information disclosure and equity capital cost. The research indicates that equity capital cost of corporation controlled by founding family is significantly lower than that of other corporations. Furthermore, under different ownerships, different relationships exist between information disclosure and equity capital cost. As to founding family, the long-term operation feature helps to reduce the transaction cost, and becomes the substitute of high-quality information disclosure.


In this paper,the harm symptom,infection pathogeny of rose virus disease were introduced.The occurance reglarity was analyzed.Basing on it,the integrated controlling techniques were putting forward with the propose of providing reference for the controlling of rose virus disease.


Based on the enterprise growing and the enterprise ability theories,the silk enterprise growth ability evaluation model is established combined with the content analysis and questionnaires. Taking typical silk enterprises of China as samples,the paper analyses and evaluates the enterprise growth ability in effect by AHP. From six dimensions including the production ability,the market ability,the financial ability,the learning ability,the innovation ability and the management ability,the study draws a conclusion which shows that the proportion of RD costs,the quality of entrepreneurs and the overall quality of staff and management are the main factors in enhancing the individual ability of enterprises. And it also illustrates that the innovation ability is the core one effecting enterprises' growth ability. This paper is of certain theoretical and practical significance to the growth of China's silk enterprises.


Purpose:This study aims to investigate the prevalence of the two known telomere maintenance mechanisms, telomerase activity (TA) and alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT), and to assess their prognostic relevance in diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (DMPM). Experimental Design: In 44 DMPM specimens obtained from 38 patients, TA was determined using the telomeric repeat amplification protocol and ALTwas detected by assaying ALT-associated promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies. The prognostic significance of telomere maintenancemechanisms was analyzed by Cox regression in the overall series and in a subset of 29 patients who underwent a uniform treatment regimen consisting of cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic i.p. chemotherapy. Results: Telomere maintenance mechanisms were detectable in 86.4% of DMPM: ALTorTA alone was found in 18.2% or 63.6% of lesions, respectively, whereas two cases (4.6%) were ALT+/TA+. TA and ALT proved to be inversely associated (P = 0.002). In the overall series,TA was prognostic for 4-year relapse (TA+ versusTA-, hazard ratio, 3.30; 95% confidence interval, 1.23-8.86; P = 0.018) and cancer-related death (TA+ versusTA-, hazard ratio, 3.56; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-12.51; P = 0.045), whereas ALT failed to significantly affect clinical outcome. These results held true also in the subset of patients submitted to uniform treatment with cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic i.p. chemotherapy. Conclusions: Our results indicate that both known telomere maintenance mechanisms,TA and ALT, are present in DMPMand differentially affect patient prognosis. Diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (DMPM) is an uncommon malignancy that develops from the mesothelial cells lining the peritoneal cavity, and it accounts for 10% to 15% of all malignant mesotheliomas (1). Although locally invasive rather than metastatic, DMPM is a rapidly fatal disease (2), with a median survival that generally does not exceed 1 year (3) notwithstanding the different treatment options proposed thus far. Recently, an integrated approach has been developed combining aggressive cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic i.p. chemotherapy (4) and has given encouraging results in selected DMPM patients. However, although this therapeutic strategy improved median patient survival from 12 months to 34 to 92 months according to the different studies, 50% to 70% of the patients did not benefit from treatment and died within 5 years (5). The biology of peritoneal mesothelioma is largely unknown, and the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for its proliferative potential and biological aggressiveness have not yet been elucidated. One of the hallmarks of cancer cells is their limitless replicative potential (6). In a high percentage of human tumors (>85%), the attainment of immortality is due to the reactivation of telomerase (7), a RNA-dependent DNA polymerase that stabilizes telomeres, allows cells to avoid the senescence checkpoint, and may therefore contribute to tumorigenesis and neoplastic progression (8). The core enzyme consists of a RNA component (hTR) that provides the template for the de novo synthesis of telomeric DNA (9) and a catalytic subunit, human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), with reverse transcriptase activity (10). Recent evidence suggests that the catalytically active telomerase exists as a complex of two molecules each of hTERT, hTR, and dyskerin (11). In addition to its role in maintaining chromosome ends, telomerase activation has recently been Imaging, Diagnosis, Prognosis Authors'Affiliations: Departments of Experimental Oncology and Surgery, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; and Children's Medical Research Institute,Westmead, Sydney, Australia Received1/11/08; revised 3/5/08; accepted 3/10/08. Grant support: Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro, European Community grant LSHC-CT-2004-502943, and Istituto Superiore Sanita' grant I-07-005. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges.This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with18 U.S.C. Section1734 solely to indicate this fact. Requests for reprints: Nadia Zaffaroni, Unit 10, Department of Experimental Oncology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, viaVenezian 1, 20133 Milan, Italy. Phone: 39-02-23903260; Fax: 39-02-23903052; E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com. F2008 American Association for Cancer Research. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-0099 www.aacrjournals.org Clin Cancer Res 2008;14(13) July1, 2008 4134 Cancer Research. on December 31, 2017. © 2008 American Association for clincancerres.aacrjournals.org Downloaded from implicated in providing growth-promoting properties to tumor cells (12). Some tumors, however, do not have telomerase activity and maintain their telomeres by one or more mechanisms referred to as alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT; ref. 13). Telomere dynamics in ALT cells are consistent with a recombination-mediated DNA replication mechanism, and the characteristics of ALT cells usually include long and heterogeneous telomeres and subnuclear structures termed ALT-associated promyelocytic leukemia (PML) bodies (APB) containing telomeric DNA, telomere-specific binding proteins, and proteins involved in DNA recombination and replication (14). Available information indicates that ALT is more frequently present in tumors of mesenchymal and neuroepithelial origin than in those of epithelial origin, possibly because of a tighter repression of telomerase in normal mesenchymal and neuroepithelial cells than in epithelial cells (15). Recently, it was shown that a significant proportion of osteosarcomas (16, 17), soft tissue sarcomas (18–20), and glioblastoma multiforme (17, 21) use ALT for telomere maintenance. Moreover, in sarcomas, ALT is more frequently activated in the subtypes with complex karyotypes, which are evidence of chromosomal instability (18, 20, 22). Results in animal models suggest that ALT is less potent than telomerase activity (TA) in generating fully malignant tumors (13, 22, 23). However, ALT+ spontaneously immortalized Li-Fraumeni syndrome cells transfected with mutant H-Ras formed tumors in athymic nude mice (15). Moreover, ALT+ human SV40immortalized fibroblasts were found to require only oncogenic H-Ras to be converted to a fully tumorigenic state and metastasize to lung after implantation in the kidney capsule of an immunodeficient mouse (24). It is known that TA is expressed in more than 90% of malignant pleural mesotheliomas (25), and the enzyme activity and hTERT expression have been proposed for differential diagnosis in mesothelial lesions (26). However, no information is available thus far concerning the presence of telomere maintenance mechanisms in DMPM. Taking advantage of a monoinstitutional series of DMPM patients with a long followup, we investigated the prevalence and the prognostic role of the two known telomere maintenance mechanisms, TA and ALT. Materials andMethods Study population. A total of 44 DMPM lesions from 38 adult patients (median age, 60 years; range, 25-78 years) treated at the Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, from September 1999 to May 2006 were available for telomere maintenance mechanism analysis. The H&Estained slides of all cases were reviewed, and the tumors were classified as epithelial, sarcomatoid, and biphasic (mixed epithelial and sarcomatoid) according to the WHO classification (27). The epithelial type was further subdivided into tubulopapillary and solid groups based on the predominant pattern. The histologic diagnosis of DMPM was confirmed using calretinin and WT-1 as positive mesothelial markers and polyclonal carcinoembryonic antigen and Ber-EP4 as negative markers (28). Eight normal peritoneum specimens were also obtained from patients who underwent surgery for nononcologic diseases. The specimens were consecutive with respect to the availability of frozen tissue for telomere maintenance mechanism studies and adequate clinicopathologic and follow-up information. Patient and tumor characteristics are summarized in Table 1. According to Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori treatment guidelines, patients presenting with resectable tumors (29 cases) were submitted to cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic i.p. chemotherapy with cisplatin plus mitomycin C or doxorubicin at 42.5jC (29), whereas the remaining nine patients, with a disease not amenable to radical cytoreduction, underwent debulking surgery with or without systemic chemotherapy. The median follow-up of the entire series was 38 mo (range, 2-94 mo). At 48 mo from surgery, 24 patients had developed new disease manifestations and 17 had died from cancer-related disease. A total of 18 relapses and 11 deaths occurred in the subset of patients subjected to cytoreductive and hyperthermic i.p. chemotherapy. This study was approved by the institutional review board of the Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, and each patient provided written informed consent to donate to the Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori the tissues left over after diagnostic procedures. Molecular studies. Normal and tumor tissues were sampled by a pathologist at the time of surgery, flash-frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at -80jC. On H&E-stained slides, diagnosis and sampling adequacy were pathologically confirmed at the time of telomere maintenance mechanism analyses. A fragment of 70 to 100 mg was cut from each lesion and further subdivided into a long central portion and two ends. APBs were detected on frozen sections obtained from each end to control for intratumor clonal heterogeneity with respect to telomere maintenance mechanisms. Protein (for TA assay) and RNA (for hTERT mRNA expression) were extracted from the central part of the sample. Detection of APB. Frozen sections were cut to


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an image forming apparatus which can reduce operation burden of a user, an information processing apparatus, and an information processing system.SOLUTION: An image forming apparatus 2 includes: a power source unit 27 for supplying electric power; a display unit 22a for displaying information; a control unit 21 which controls display of the display unit 22a; and an error detection unit 23 which determines whether a first screen on user registration can be displayed on the display unit 22a during a period from when the power source unit 27 supplies power to when the display unit 22a displays a home screen. The control unit 21 causes the display unit 22a displays a user registration screen when a determination is made that the user registration screen as the first screen can be displayed. When a determination is made that the user registration screen cannot be displayed, the home screen is displayed on the display unit 22a without displaying the user registration screen.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1


This paper deals with results of leakage current measurements on 20 kV porcelain insulators. The measurements were performed in a time frame of one period (50 Hz) and the insulators were contaminated from a compound of salt and kaolin. The study was made via I-U characteristic curves plotted for one cycle of voltage application. The investigation of the observed phenomena showed that the response to the applied voltage is linear at first and thereafter takes the form of current pulses. Partial discharges (streamers), short and long duration arcs are the most likely physical phenomena detected experimentally. This assumption is convincingly supported from calculations of the average energy per pulse, which was found to be close to values reported in the related literature.


Two main models adopted in present Chinese new city zone construction were introduced,the city development bottle neck was illustrated.Several development countermeasures were proposed against to present Chinese new city zone occurred problems and status,which were significance to Chinese economic and social development.


The working parameters of the feeding device of automatic soft-bag boxing machine were studied to improve its working efficiency through analysis of the structural feature.The criterion for working parameters determination was analyzed.Concrete methods for improving working efficiency were put forward.


The upper part of the Ireland Sandstone Member of the Lawrence Formation exposed in the spillway of Lone Star Lake, southwest of Lawrence, Kansas, consists of abundant pinstripe-bedded shales and siltstones; thin, lenticular sandstone and siltstone beds; and meter-scale, channel-form sandstone and mudstone lenses. Soft-sediment-deformation structures, including load casts, ball-and-pillow, and pseudonodules are abundant. The lenticular and pinstripe bedding with bipolar paleocurrents suggests tide-influenced deposition. The crosscutting, channel-form deposits are interpreted as tidal channels in an environment with low energy but rapid sedimentation. The depositional environment was a tide-dominated, muddy upper estuary cut by tidal channels. Gravitational instabilities resulting from rapid deposition of sand over saturated mud produced inverse-density gradients that resulted in soft-sediment deformation.


Shopping malls have become real venues for leisure where consumers amuse themselves while shopping. Their aim is to provide customers a great experience during the shopping trip. In this paper we provide an overview of the existing literature on customer experience at the retailer level and we examine the relationship between the experience lived by consumers during a shopping trip and its derived purchase behavior. We find that consumers who enjoy the shopping experience at the shopping mall will show desirable and profitable behavior for retailers. Overall, this research offers a richer understanding of the nature of consumer behavior for experiential shopping at the mall. The usefulness of this study is discussed for future research and to improve shopping malls strategies.


The article deals with the individual features of perception and comprehension of information. Effects of cognitive distortion in the process if the information interpretation are also observed. The article studies the basic principle of target selection in the context of manipulative influence. Special attention is paid to the plan of the manipulative strategy when the manipulator takes into account recipient's psychoemotional state in the process of targeting.


JF): Neonicotinoid pesticides, applied to agricultural soil or seeds, can end up in the watershed negatively affecting fish, amphibians and other living things. Limiting water runoff containing neonics and residues of other pesticides, herbicides and fertilizers from farmers' fields into waterways will help protect the ecosystem. Banning the use of neonics, as has been done in the UK, is one solution. Closely regulating/preventing neonic application on farmers' fields near waterways, is another. However, no one governmental agency oversees run off from farmers' fields into the watershed until it is too late and there is a fish kill or other obvious problem. We have requested the aid of Farmland LP to help enact legislation that would provide oversight of water runoff from agricultural land to help protect the web of life.


Binaural presentation of X.Y sound is usually performed using virtual audio principles - that is, by attempting to virtually reproduce the setup of the X+Y loudspeakers in the reference room configuration. The computational cost of such playback is linear in the number of channels in the X.Y setup. We present a novel scheme that computes, offline, a spatio-temporal representation of the sound field in the listening area and store it as a multipole expansion. During head-tracked playback, the binaural signal is obtained by evaluating the multipole expansion at the ear position corresponding to the current user pose, resulting in a fixed playback cost. The representation is further extended to incorporate individualized HRTFs at no additional cost. Simulation results are presented.


Let x:M→S~(n+1)be a hypersurface in the (n+1)-dimensional unit sphere S~(n+1)without umbilic point. The M bius invariants of x under the M bius transformation group of S~(n+1) are M bius metric,M bius form,M bius second fundamental form and Blaschke tensor.In this paper,we prove the following theorem: Let x:M→S~(n+1)(n>2)be an umbilic free hypersurface in S~(n+1) with nonnegative M bius sectional curvature and with vanishing M bius form.Then x is locally M bius equivalent to one of the following hypersurfaces:(i)the torus S~k(a)×S~(n-k)((1-a~2)~(1/2))with 1≤k≤n-1;(ii)the pre-image of the stereographic projection of the standard cylinder S~k×R~(n-k)xR~(n+1) with 1≤k≤n-1;(iii)the pre-image of the stereographic projection of the cone in R~(n+1):x(u,v,t)=(tu,tv), where(u,v,t)∈S~k(a)×S~(n-k-1)((1-a~2)~(1/2))×R~+.


This article studies legal situation concerning the use of operational search activity results in criminal trial and, namely, the procedure of execution of crime investigator's investigative and operational search powers within the framework of criminal procedure legislation of the former Soviet Union (in the case of Ukraine, Georgia, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan). This study will allow gaining greater insight into the essence and prospects of further development of criminal proceeding in the context of modernization of the criminal justice system and its bringing to conformity with the international standards in the Republic of Kazakhstan. On January, 1, 2015 the new Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan is put into force. One of its key innovations is Chapter 30 regulating undisclosed investigative activities. Thus, this article studies the legal situation concerning the use of operational search activity results which according to the new Criminal Procedure Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan represent undisclosed investigative activities. On the basis of the study carried out the author has found out certain problems to be solved in the short term, has developed his own viewpoint and offered certain proposals concerning some points at issue.


ABSTRACTThe teaching of microwave heating technology is largely neglected in most Universities and this is a major factor in restricting the development of the technique. The problems in its introduction are discussed and the partial solution attempted at one British University is described. The need for intensive short-courses is also emphasized.


Many methods have been applied in order to reduce nitrate concentration in aqueous solutions, among them is the adsorption onto the surface of agricultural wastes. In this study, batch experiments were carried out to investigate the adsorption of nitrate onto olive pomace (OP), a solid by-product of olive oil industry. To achieve this, six parameters were studied by varying only one parameter at a time. These parameters were the effect of: pH, contact time, temperature, adsorbent weight, agitation speed and nitrate concentration. The optimum pH was found to be 5, while the optimum time was 75 minutes. Nitrate removal percentage was found to increase with increasing adsorbent weight or temperature, with 92.5% of nitrate removed by using 2 g of OP and 48% of nitrate was removed at 60oC. Generally, agitation speed increased the nitrate removal percentage, while high initial concentration of nitrate was found to decrease its removal percentage. These findings, combined with the low cost of OP and its abundance, suggest that OP is a potential adsorbent for nitrate removal provided that the optimum conditions are applied. Applying this method for nitrate removal will make drinking water safer to drink and wastewater safer to discharge.


Background Allergen‐specific immunotherapy (SIT) is associated with increased levels of allergen‐specific IgG in serum. However, it is not clear to what extent qualitative changes in the allergen binding capacity of IgG may be induced as well.


We propose a skew-radial basis function (sRBF) expansion for the empirical model fitting problem. sRBFs employ a standard radial term, which is now made asymmetric by modulating, or skewing it with another function. The additional parameters in the skewing function permit the composite radial basis function to more flexibly adapt its shape to the data. We present several examples that illustrate the utility of sRBF representations for both the overdetermined data fitting problem and the data interpolation problem. We derive conditions under which skew perturbations of positive definite interpolation matrices remain positive definite. We observe that the sRBFs are particularly effective for producing uniform approximations and fitting jump discontinuities. We present an application to the time-series prediction of the maximum wind intensity of a hurricane and outline future work in image processing. The resulting sRBF models have reduced order, improved accuracy, and interpolation matrices with lower condition numbers.


1. An Introduction and Overview 2. Constructivist views of learning 3. Social views of learning 4. Pedagogy that takes into account students' thinking 5. More pedagogies 6. Classroom assessment of science learning 7. Culture, Maori and science education: the social, cultural, political and historical contexts 8. Culture, Maori and science education: research and development 9. Science curriculum development and teacher development


Abstract : The goal of this research project is to identify molecular changes that are associated with the progression of a peripheral nerve sheath tumor (PNST) from benign to malignancy. Archival and prospectively acquired benign PNSTs and malignant PNSTs are collected, and molecular changes at the NF1 locus and throughout the genome are assessed. In addition, immunohistological evaluations of benign plexiform neurofibromas and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors are performed. We have begun preliminary analyses of immunohistochemical phenotypes of the tumors and genome-wide screen tetra-nucleotide screen for allelic imbalance, as a marker for accumulation of somatic mutations in PNSTs.


Cancer patients and their family caregivers need support to cope with physical, psychosocial, and existential problems early in the palliative care trajectory. Many interventions target patient symptomatology, with health care professionals acting as problem-solvers. Family coping, however, is a new research area within palliative care. The FamCope intervention was developed to test if a nurse-led family-coping-orientated palliative home care intervention would help families cope with physical and psychosocial problems at home—together as a family and in interaction with health care professionals. However, an unexpectedly high number of families declined participation in the trial. We describe and discuss the recruitment strategy and patient reported reasons for non-participation to add to the knowledge about what impedes recruitment and to identify the factors that influence willingness to participate in research aimed at family coping early in the palliative care trajectory. Patients with advanced cancer and their closest relative were recruited from medical, surgical, and oncological departments. Reasons for non-participation were registered and characteristics of participants and non-participants were compared to evaluate differences between subgroups of non-participants based on reasons not to participate and reasons to participate in the trial. A total of 65.9% of the families declined participation. Two main categories for declining participation emerged: first, that the "burden of illness is too great" and, second, that it was "too soon" to receive this kind of support. Men were more likely to participate than women. Patients in the "too soon" group had similar characteristics to participants in the trial. Timing of interventions and readiness of patients and their relatives seems to affect willingness to receive a family-coping-orientated care approach and impeded recruitment to this trial. Our findings can be used in further research and in clinical practice in order to construct interventions and target relevant populations for early family-coping-orientated palliative care.


OBJECTIVE To introduce the research progress for dosage regimen of piperacillin/tazobactam.METHODS The domestic and international articles were reviewed to summarize the core periodicals.RESULTS The dosage regimen of piperacillin/tazobactam included continuous infusion,extended-infusion and intermittent infusion.CONCLUSION Continuous infusion of piperacillin/tazobactam in 24 h is more effective to treat the bacterial infectious disease,which can reduce the resistance to bacterium and reduce treatment costs.


The fascinating effects of minute quantities of high-molecular-weight polymer or surfactant, dissolved in water or another Newtonian fluid, on turbulent behaviors have stimulated considerable research. The most striking phenomenon is the reduction of turbulent frictional drag in wall-bounded flows. As has been well known for 60 years since its first demonstration by Toms (1949), drag reduction (DR) up to 80% can be achieved in appropriate conditions. The application of this phenomenon, also called the "Toms effect", to heat-transport systems such as district heating and cooling systems has recently attracted attention as an energy-saving technology. The pumping power can be largely conserved by adding a few hundred ppm of surfactant solution to water so that the flow becomes laminar-like. One of the most successful applications of DR has been in the Trans-Alaska pipeline, where the desired discharge of an additional million barrels of crude oil per day was accomplished by the use of polymeric additives rather than by constructing additional pumping systems. On the other hand, heat transfer reduction (HTR) for a drag-reducing flow is also significant and becomes large with increased DR. If conditions that give rise to large DR and small HTR can be identified, then they should be ideal for the transport of heat in thermal systems. Moreover, it is practically important to formulate phenomenological models and semiempirical correlations, similar to those employed in the description of turbulent Newtonian flows, for viscoelastic flows accompanied by DR and HTR.


This paper explores the idea of globalization and considers accounting's role in that process in order to develop new spaces for accounting research. Adopting an alternative view of accounting - one that sees accounting as social and transformative, that pays heed to those voices arguing for greater social and environmental justice, and that draws attention to the role of accounting researchers in the process of globalization - the paper defines globalization and explores some of its material and symbolic, and consumptive and productive, practices. The paper further lays out a number of points attendant with a global economic redesign, again with the aim of expanding the globalization and accounting research agenda.


A connecting rod is an intermediate link between the Piston and the Crankshaft. The primary function of the connecting rod is to transmit the motion from the piston pin to the crank pin, thus converting reciprocating motion of a piston into the rotary motion of crank. Connecting rod plays an important role while designing the Diesel or Petrol Engine. The changes in the material (Al7068 alloy and Si3N4) of the connecting rod to increase its strength to weight ratio while maintaining or reducing the maximum stress, maximum strain and the maximum deformation developed during loading. The performance of the component can be analyze by using the ANSYS software and the properties of the material can be find out by performing different tests, after manufacturing the composite material by using an appropriate fabrication process, connecting rod has been modelled in CREO according to specific engine specifications of TVS Apache 150 model. Stress, Strain and the deformation analysis of the connecting rod is carried on the ANSYS WORKBENCH.


Introduction, Holly Johnson, Bonnie S. Fisher, and Veronique Jaquier Section I: Measurement of Violence against Women 1. Measurement innovations: Overview of methodological progress and challenges, Holly Johnson, Bonnie S. Fisher, and Veronique Jaquier 2. We are making progress in measuring sexual violence against women, Ronet Bachman 3. Innovations in prevalence research: The case of the 28-country survey by the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights, Sami Nevala Section II: Justice System Responses to Intimate Partner Violence 4. Overview of current policies on arrest, prosecution and protection by the police and the justice system as responses to domestic violence, Carol Hageman-White, Cathy Humphreys, Leslie M. Tutty, and Kristin Diemer 5. Pie in the sky? The use of criminal justice policies and practices for intimate partner violence, Amanda Robinson 6. Perils of using law: A critique of protection orders to respond to intimate partner violence, Heather Douglas and Heather Nancarrow Section III: Justice System Responses to Sexual Violence 7. Policing and prosecuting sexual assault: Assessing the pathways to justice, Cassia Spohn, Katharine Tellis, and Eryn Nicole O'neal 8. The long and winding road: Improving police responses to women's rape allegations, Jan Jordan 9. Victim lawyers in Norway, Hege Salomon Section IV: Victim Crisis and Advocacy 10. Breaking down barriers: New developments in multi-agency responses to domestic violence, Nicky Stanley 11. Providing services to minority women and women with disabilities, Ravi K. Thiara 12. A culturally integrative model of domestic violence response for immigrant and newcomer families of collectivist backgrounds, Mohammed Baobaid, Nicole Kovacs, Laura MacDiarmid, and Eugene Tremblay Section V: Behavior Change Programs for Abusers 13. Behavior change programs for intimate partner violence abusers: A means to promote the safety of women and children?, Donna Chung 14. New approaches to assessing effectiveness and outcomes of domestic violence perpetrator programs, Liz Kelly and Nicole Westmarland 15. What do we mean by domestic violence? Mandatory prosecution and the impact on partner assault response programs, Mark Holmes Section VI: Preventing Male Violence against Women 16. Current practices to preventing sexual and intimate partner violence, Michael Flood 17. New approaches to violence prevention through bystander intervention, Ann L. Coker and Emily R. Clear 18. Engaging men in prevention of violence against women, Jackson Katz 19. A feminist 'epistemic community' reshaping public policy: A case study of the End Violence Against Women Coalition, Maddy Coy, Liz Kelly, and Holly Dustin.


Fundatrix .—(Plate I, Fig. 1). Described from type and three paratypes taken on Abies lasiocarpa on Fall River, Estes Park, Colorado, July 7, 1923, by the junior author.


It is important to monitor and estimate the interest rates, exchange rates and inflation indicators and foresee the consequences of the shocks occurring among these variables in order to determine the economic plans and policy formation for institutional as well as individual investment decisions. This paper analyses the cross-volatility spillover effects of the shocks occurring in the variables among interest rate (three-month deposit interest rate and overnight interest rate), inflation (CPI) and exchange rate (TL / USD exchange rate and real effective exchange rate) in the context of financial contagion. The ARMA-EGARCH methodology is implemented to the monthly data in the period of March 1999 to December 2018 in order to analyze the effects of the shocks in interest rates, inflation and exchange rates to each others' their conditional variabilities. This study also examines the persistence and asymmetric characteristics of the new information on conditional variability of the variables. The empirical results show that all variables have statistically significant effects on each other's conditional variability, and thus there is an evidence of the existence of volatility spillover among these variables.


In this paper the use of the EPE metric directly in the process optimization method for a DRAM use case has been researched. We show that EPE-aware optimization, using scanner dose and overlay control sub-recipes, is outperforming conventional optimization in terms of EPE Dies in Spec. Hence, it can be expected that also device yield can be improved by EPE-aware control.


A cDNA expression library in hMOSElox derived from poly(A)+ RNA from pumpkin endosperm was screened immunologically with a polyclonal antibody raised against partially purified gibberellin (GA) 2P,3P-hydroxylase from pumpkin endosperm. A recombinant fusion protein encoded by a selected positive clone catalyzed 3 P-hydroxylation of GA15, GA24, GA25, and GA,, and of GAI2-aldehyde, GAI2, G 4 , and GAm, albeit less efficiently. The fusion protein also catalyzed 2P-hydroxylation of the C2, GAs GA25, GA,, and, as identified putatively, GAm The full-length clone contains an open reading frame of 1041 nucleotides encoding 346 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular weight of 38,992 and p l of 7.2. Transcript levels of this gene and of the previously cloned GA 7-oxidase and 20-oxidase genes from pumpkin endosperm rose until day 2 after the start of imbibition of the mature seeds, but only at one-two hundredth to one-six thousandth of the leve1 found in the endosperm, as determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. In contrast, GA 7-oxidase, 20-oxidase, and 3P-hydroxylase enzyme activities were present in cell-free systems prepared from embryos of mature seeds and decreased after imbibition.


In article are considered on the basis of the analysis of space-rocket branch, a current state of insurance of large risks, directions of perfection of insurance of risks in space-rocket branch are offered.


The frequency stabilities under operational conditions of several commercially available rubidium and cesium frequency standards were determined from experimental data for frequency averaging times from 10 to the 7th power s and are presented in table and graph form. For frequency averaging times between 10 to the 5th power and 10 to the 7th power s, the rubidium standards tested have a stability of between 10 to the minus 12th power and 5 x 10 to the minus 12th power, while the cesium standards have a stability of between 2 x 10 to the minus 13th power and 5 x 10 to the minus 13th power.


Independent encoding apparatus and method proposed by the present invention is used to mask errors in a frame of a video sequence, the video sequence comprising a plurality of frames, each representing at least two encoded into a sub-frame of the video sequence set signal (10a, 10b). Such a method comprises: receiving at least two signals (10a, 10b); identifies one frame of the video sequence (P4) error; and a signal (10b used by the erroneous identification coding than in a frame (P3, P5) of data of at least corresponding prediction) within said error masking.


Workflows are widely used in applications that require coordinated use of computational resources. Workflow definition languages typically abstract over some aspects of the way in which a workflow is to be executed, such as the level of parallelism to be used or the physical resources to be deployed. As a result, a workflow management system has responsibility for establishing how best to map tasks within a workflow to the available resources. As workflows are typically run over shared resources, and thus face unpredictable and changing resource capabilties, there may be benefit to be derived from adapting the task-to-resource mapping while a workflow is executing.  This paper describes the use of utility functions to express the relative merits of alternative mappings; in essence, a utility function can be used to give a score to a candidate mapping, and the exploration of alternative mappings can be cast as an optimization problem. In this approach, changing the utility function allows adaptations to be carried out with a view to meeting different objectives.  The contributions of this paper include: (i) a description of how adaptive workflow execution can be expressed as an optimization problem where the objective of the adaptation is to maximize some property expressed as a utility function; (ii) a description of how the approach has been applied to support adaptive workflow execution in grids; and (iii) an experimental evaluation of the resulting approach for alternative utility measures based on response time and profit.


To understand the full significance of computer music's instrumentality, I propose to extend Heidegger's reflection on technology to a broader complex of concepts that Michel Foucault defined. This reflection leads to a perspective that highlights issues of somaticity and performative textuality in computer music. It also helps underscore a new understanding of subjectivity, a new way of being-in-the-world. In this context, music's creative movement can be seen as flowing through negotiation with discourses' formalism and exertion of our practices, to emerge in a thought, a Handwerk, embodied in our actions. * Currently visiting scholar at the Center for New Music and Audio Technology (CNMAT) at the University of California, Berkeley. INTRODUCTION: Over the past fifty years, electronic and computing technologies have been used as a tool for sound analysis and synthesis, as an aid in the manipulation of musical constructs or as a direct agent in compositional decisions. This evolution in the process of music production and reproduction clearly differentiated computer music from music that used traditional acoustic instruments. Indeed, in contrast to the traditional instrumentality of music which implicitly embodies the physical constraints of performance and the limitations of music theories, the instrumentality of computer music often focuses on the minute details of a performative programming language. Such language provides a formal, unconstrained and explicit means to control the process of music making. But the difference between traditional and computer music instrumentality may go beyond a simple difference in degree of constraint to a difference in kind. The processes involved in computer music composition may in fact radically change our relationship to music making, thus our relationship to the world. To better understand the implication of computer music's instrumentality, I propose to closely read Heidegger's reflection on worldliness and technology and outline the implications of this reading by pointing to later analyses proposed by Michel Foucault which broaden them. HEIDEGGER AND TECHNOLOGY: In Being and Time (Sein Und Zeit) (1996/1927), Heidegger's primary concern was the question of being which he specifically framed as the question of being-in-the-world, an inquiry that presupposes an understanding of worldliness. Worldliness, Heidegger states, is the background against which one lives. It can be the "public" world or one's "own" world (61/65). With this understanding, Heidegger emphasizes the importance of practices in the understanding of being, practices which necessarily relate to things in the world. However, he identifies two ways in which this relationship is manifested: Vor(hand)enheit which reflects the detached objective perspective of the sciences and Zu(hand)enheit which refers to the "handiness" of practical knowledge which always already remains in the background of our understanding of the world. He uses this dichotomy to criticize the Cartesian view of the world strictly divided between the res extensa of things and the res cogitans of thoughts a division which foster the subject/object separation. He argues that Vorhandenheit, which spells out the relationship where the subject "hands" the object before (Vor) itself, forgets the background presupposed by the Zuhandenheit where subject and object are merged as one. This privileging of the subject, he concludes, leads to a dangerously incomplete understanding of being. The criticism of the subject/object relationship is a dominant theme in Heidegger's philosophy, one which he denounces because it is limited to representation (Vor-stellung). Throughout his work, Heidegger highlights the prevalence of this relationship in our understanding of the world. For instance, he states that our conception of aesthetics "from the very start turns the art work into an object for our feelings and ideas" (1971: 43). He also argues that we understand technology as "an autonomous transformation of praxis, a type of transformation wherein praxis first demands the employment of mathematical physical sciences" (1977: 116). However, in the Question Concerning Technology (1977) he extends this criticism by radicalizing it. He defines the essence of technology as en-framing [Ge-Stell], an attitude that transforms objects into standingreserves or resources and which seeks to order the world by recovering and integrating all perceived anomalies. He therefore suggests that en-framing disposes of the very notion of object when everything (electricity, airplanes, bits & bytes) acquires a variety of unsettled representations. He also claims that the attitude of en-framing, which manipulates these representations, is a threat, an "extreme danger" (33), manifested in the foreclosure of possibilities for change. In this view, a subject/system relationship formalized in a calculus of closure replaces the subject/object relationship. This perspective on technology has often been associated with the use of computer in music. Foreclosure poses clear and real danger for music and society as it potentially and gently suppresses the Critique, a process by which new worlds are constantly disclosed (Spinosa & al., 1997). Heidegger concludes that in order to deflect enframing one should return to the epochal practices developed by the Greeks (Plato's poiesis, or Aristotle's techne) or await the advent of new Gods. He also adds that an "essential reflection upon technology and decisive confrontation with it must happen in a realm that is, on the one hand, akin to the essence of technology and, on the other, fundamentally different from it" (1977: 35). This challenge bears direct implications in our dealing with computer music. FOUCAULT AND TECHNOLOGIES: To complete this analysis and understand its full implication, however, we need to go beyond Heidegger and consider a perspective that permits a broader understanding of technology. Michel Foucault's later works provide such a framework. Indeed, Foucault's "objective... has been to sketch out the history of the different ways ... that humans develop knowledge about themselves" and further analyze these specific techniques or "technologies" that "humans use to understand themselves" (1988: 18). This perspective is congruent with Heidegger's as it emphasizes the existence of two separate modalities of manifestation in the world: discourses, which often serves as a foundation for the sciences (1970) and practices which, like the panopticon (1977), implicitly and visibly reify the ways humans understand themselves. Foucault's analysis of Biopower parallels Heidegger's analysis of technology and raises similar concerns of foreclosure and domination (See also Dreyfus, 1992). Foucault's vision, however, appears broader than Heidegger's since it includes technologies of the sign, of power and of the Self in addition to the more traditional technology of production which Heidegger addresses in the Question Concerning Technology. This difference underscores how Foucault departs from Heidegger by focusing on the social and the political rather than strictly on things (Dreyfus, 1992). This shift further informs Foucault's understanding of technologies as located at the nexus of power/knowledge which grounds discourses and practices. Indeed, technologies, which participate in the exercise of power, result from forms of knowledge derived from discourses and practices, which are themselves directly informed by the very diagrams of power. As with en-framing, the circularity that power and knowledge imposes on our understanding of the world dissolves the subject/object relation. Foucault, however, also indicates how a new subjectivity can emerge from the power/knowledge nexus. By defining power as "the multiplicity of force relations immanent in the sphere in which they operate" (1980: 92) he implicitly offers a way to break the frame, as it were, through the disrupting intrusion of a "thought from outside". Foucault identifies the emergence of such an "outside" in an early text on Blanchot (1987). He defines its full strategic import, however, in The Use of Pleasure when he spells out the need to "look for the forms and modalities of the relation of the self by which the individual constitute and recognize himself qua subject" (1985: 6). This suggests that the technologies of the Self as well as other technologies have the potential to spawn vectors of forces orthogonal to the matrix of power and capable of disrupting it, which thereby radically reconfigure our relation to the world. Here, the subject emerges out of the space of Critique (1997) by inventing and forcing new relations of power. TECHNOLOGIES OF COMPUTER MUSIC: Foucault's notions of discourse, visibility and subjectivity translate well in the analysis of music's instrumentality as introduced above. Discourses can refer to various formal theories of music, psychology, signal processing and stochastic processes that serve as a reference grid to composers, performers and listeners. Visibility can refer to the practices to which bodies have been habituated in playing and listening. The axis of subjectivity is "the middle way", the place of emergence, of creation, of forcing. It is a place where negotiations with the formal and exertions of practices occur through a thought embodied in our actions. This thought, Foucault reminds us, is neither "simple know-how nor pure theory [but that-which] provide(s) the force which break the rules in the act of playing them." (1982: 222). This thought is manifested, every time an improviser departs from strict musical implications and counteracts the mechanical reflex of simple gestural repetition or when a composer challenges prevalent aesthetics and current performance practices to deploy radical new ways of listening. The creative thought is akin to Heidegger's Handwerk (1968). Computer music can distort this creative thought by solely f


Flat grinding wheels of two types with different diameters were studied by numerical modeling in order to establish a rational standard size of the tool for high-speed processing. Critical rotation speeds of grinding wheels are determined. The fields of maximum stresses and plastic deformations are obtained. Taking into account the required processing accuracy, the optimal speed modes are determined.
Keywords: grinding wheel, modeling, high-speed machining, stresses, plastic deformation, machining accuracy.
firstname.lastname@example.com


The COVID-19 pandemic has upended many aspects of daily life across the globe, though orders to shelter in place and fears about the spread of the virus have had a disparate impact on minority communities. Sexual and gender minority communities have served as a lightning rod for political and religious scapegoating during this era, and increased discriminatory acts have occurred globally. This chapter explores some of the forms of bias that have been amplified by the COVID-19 pandemic, both in the type of actions ostensibly intended to prevent the spread of the virus and the more common phenomena of preexisting sites of discrimination becoming amplified within the context of a pandemic. © 2021 selection and editorial matter, J. Michael Ryan;individual chapters, the contributors.


A much studied branching problem in the representation theory of reductive groups over local fields F is the so-called linear period or Friedberg-Jacquet period for GL2n(F ). This concerns the subgroup H = GLn(F )×GLn(F ) ⊂ GL2n(F ), which is a Levi subgroup of the maximal parabolic subgroup P = H · N of type (n, n). For an irreducible smooth representation π of GL2n(F ), one is interested in determining dimHomH(π,C). On the other hand, this linear period is closely related to the so-called Shalika period. The Shalika period concerns the subgroup


The theory of the hot wire method of fluid thermal conductivity measurement is reviewed in detail and extended where necessary for application to an experimental system. Particular attention is given to assessing the size of approximations introduced in setting up the mathematical model of the cell which relates the observed quantities to the fluid thermal conductivity.


We consider the electron capture process in fast non-relativistic ion–atom collisions in which the transfer of two electrons from the atom to the ion is accompanied by emission of one photon with the mean energy ω(2)k about two times larger than that ω(1)k characteristic for the radiative capture of one electron. Such a photon can appear both due to the uncorrelated capture process, in which two electrons are transferred to the ion independently via the non-radiative and radiative capture channels, and due to the correlated two-electron capture, where the electron–electron interaction plays the crucial role. The uncorrelated capture produces a photon spectrum which has a maximum at ω(1)k and gives the main contribution to the two-electron capture. The correlated capture mechanism leads to very small capture cross sections but produces a photon spectrum having a maximum at ∼ω(2)k which in principle enables separation of this process in an experiment.


By applying the extended liner expenditure system(ELES) model,empirical comparative analysis is produced on the consumption structure of urban households in three northeast provinces in 2005 and 2010 from three aspects of marginal propensity to consumption,basic consumption expenditure and demand elasticity.The results show that marginal propensity to consume of urban households increases constantly,and the consumption structure optimizes continuously,but the consumption structure and living standard of three provinces have distinct difference,and the interior consumption gap of urban households in each province is larger;the proportion of development and enjoyment consumption expenditures in Liaoning Province is the highest,followed by Jilin Province and Heilongjiang Province;transportation and communication have become the consumption hotspots of urban households in three northeast procinces.


Tack coat is a form of bituminous emulsion placed between two bituminous layers, so that the two layers can act as a single monolithic unit to sustain the traffic loads. Several studies have been conducted on evaluating the proper tack coat application to ensure superior shear strength. The objective of this paper is to synthesize existing literature, research projects and agency specifications regarding the practice of tack coat application. Proper tack coat application depends on several factors such as tack coat type, application rate and its coverage, temperature, storage condition, pavement surface texture and condition, cleanliness of the surface, asphalt distributor and its consistency, curing or setting time, quality of compaction, and so on. Overall, it contains a comprehensive review of all the known literatures and documents a synthesis study on all those factors impacting the performance of tack coat.


A satellite-navigation anti-interference microstrip array antenna provided in the invention adopts triangular Y-shaped slot microstrip array elements. By using the antenna, miniaturization of the antenna array can be realized, cross coupling among array elements is effectively overcome and an anti-interference capability is increased. The antenna comprises N microstrip antenna array elements, a medium substrate and a metal reflection base plate. The microstrip antenna array elements are arranged on an upper surface of the medium substrate according to a certain interval. The metal reflection base plate is arranged on a lower surface of the medium substrate. Each microstrip antenna array element comprises a triangle metal radiant panel. The triangle metal radiant panel is provided with a Y-shaped slot. The Y-shaped slot comprises three bar-type slotting. Initiating terminals of the three bar-type slotting are intersected and converged and tail terminals are pointed to three edges of a triangle respectively. The triangular Y-shaped slot microstrip array elements are used for controlling flowing of a surface current and radiating a circular polarized wave. An edge of each bar-type slotting of the Y-shaped slot is provided with a coaxial feed point used for feeding in an electromagnetic wave signal.


Foreword by the Honourable Anne N. Foreman Introduction Military History: The State of the Field American Military History: Clio and Mars as "Pards" by Allan R. Millett The Development of British Military Historical Writing from the Eighteenth Century to the Present by Tim Travers "Naked Truths for the Asking": Twentieth Century Military Historians and the Battlefield Narrative by Donald E. Graves The Soldier and the Battle by Bill McAndrew Naval History: The State of the Art by W.A.B. Douglas Air War History: The State of the Art by Robin Higham Intelligence and Military History: A British Perspective by Keith Jeffrey Low Intensity Conflict: Its Place in the Study of War by Ian Beckett The New Military History: Its Practitioners and Their Practices by Don Higginbotham Military History and the Military Profession Stress Lines and Grey Areas: The Utility of the Historical Method to the Military Profession by Dominick Graham History as Institutional Memory: The Experience of the United States Air Force by Richard H. Kohn The Search for Principles and Naval Strategy by Donald M. Schurman The Utility of History to Modern Navies by Eric Grove Military History in the Federal German Republic and the "Bundeswehr" by Roland G. Foerster The Napoleonic Paradigm: The Myth of the Offensive in Soviet and Western Military Thought by David R. Jones


L-1 machine started up in 1974 at kushiro Mill Honshu Paper Co., Ltd to correspond to increase in demand of Liner board.We will report the operating experience of Bel bond Former installed in 1984 and E.N.P in 1991 in L-1 machine.This installation provided high productivity for us.


The rhombomere 4(r4)‐restricted expression of the mouse Hoxb2 gene is regulated by a 1.4‐kb enhancer‐containing fragment. Here, we showthat transgenic mouse lines expressing cre driven by this fragment (B2‐r4‐Cre), activated the R26R Cre reporter in rhombomere 4 and the second branchial arch, the epithelium of the first branchial arch, apical ectodermal ridge of the limb buds and the tail region. Of particular interest is Cre activity in the developing inner ear. Cre activity was found in the preotic field and otic placode at E8.5 and otocyst at E9.5–E12.5, in the cochleovestibular and facio‐acoustic ganglia at E10.5 and the vestibular and spiral ganglia and all the otic epithelia derived from the otocyst at E15.5 and P0. Our data suggest that the B2‐r4‐Cre transgenic mice provide an important tool for conditional gene manipulation and lineage tracing in the inner ear. In combination with other transgenic lines expressing cre exclusively in the otic vesicle, the relative contributions of the hindbrain, periotic mesenchyme and otic epithelium in otic development can be dissected. genesis 47:361–365, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The Distributed Aperture Infrared System (DAIRS) defines a new direction in the design of electro-optic systems. A multiplicity of identical sensors provides the data for a central processing system. A variety of signal processing algorithms are used to obtain the functionality that was previously obtained using specialized sensors for each function. This permits a single system to be a Missile Warning set, an Infrared Search and Track set, the Pilotage sensor, and a Situational Awareness system as well as performing various tasks associated with the warfighting mission of the platform. Describes the DAIRS system being evolved for the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) which will be the first US aircraft developed in the 21st century. Uniquely processor driven, representing a transition in electro-optics that parallels the transition in radar systems that occurred 20-30 years ago. The algorithms used to implement the functions are briefly described. The paper presents processor loading, I/O and memory requirements peculiar to the JSF. Application of the DAIRS technology to other platforms and applications is also discussed. A short speculative section on possible future trends concludes the paper.


Recently, biometric systems have attracted the attention of both academic and industrial communities. Advances in hardware and software technologies have paved the way to such growing interest. Nowadays, efficient and cost-effective biometric solutions are continuously emerging. Fingerprint-based biometric systems have emerged as pioneering commercial applications of biometric systems. Face and iris traits have proven to be reliable candidates. Until recently, face recognition research literally followed the research undertaken in the field of fingerprint recognition which is inherently gray-scale. In this paper, efforts are restricted to the investigation of face representations in the color domain. The concept of principal component analysis (PCA) is carried over into the hypercomplex domain (i.e., quaternionic) to define quaternionic PCA (Q-PCA) where color faces are compactly represented. Unlike the existing approaches for handling the color information, the proposed algorithm implicitly accounts for the correlation that exists between the face color components (i.e., red, green and blue, respectively). (6 pages)


This paper re-reads a 1148 document of Roman Senate, focusing on the particular documentary practices of the commune of Rome, which represent an exceptional case in the Italian communal panorama of the twelfth century. The municipal institutions of Rome, in fact, used since the beginning changery written practices and external and internal forms of public documents. This allowed the Roman Senate to express his authority, his prestige and his political weight. The author gives an analitycal description of the internal features of the document and highlights its language and its efficacious rhetoric, two means that the Roman Senate used to transmit his political message, inspired to the glorious history of ancent Rome. This ideology could be manifested through senatorial documentation thanks to Roman notaries, who possessed technical and cultural knowledges of the highest quality.


The critical phase of rice plants on water availability includes the vegetative phase when tillering stage, generative phase 1 at panicle initiation stage and generative phase 2 when booting stage. The lack of water in the vegetative phase and in the generative phase will disturb the growth of rice plants. However, if the water needs are fulfilled immediately, the plants will recover and able to grow normally. The ability of plants to do recovery can be improved through the application of potassium fertilizer. This research aimed to determine the optimum dosage of potassium fertilizer when drought occurs in several critical phases to improve the recovery capability of the rice plant. This experiment used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 2 factors where the first factor was the dosage of potassium fertilizer using KCl fertilizer which was 50 kg/ha, 75 kg/ha, 100 kg/ha and 125 kg/ha. The second factor was the difference in the phase of stress, namely the vegetative phase at the time of tillering, the generative phase 1 at panicle initiation and the generative phase 2 when booting. Each treatment combination was repeated 3 times. Observation variables included Rice grain weight per clump, Proline content, Root Dry Weight, Relative Water Content (RWC) leaves, and Height of plants. The results of the study proved that the best dosage of KCl fertilizer to improve rice recovery ability is 100 kg/ha. Rice plants gripped in the vegetative phase have better recovery capabilities than those gripped in the generative phase.


Anthropogenic climate change influences the nature and probabilistic behavior of extreme climate phenomena over time. Current infrastructure design of water systems, however, is based on intensity‐duration‐frequency (IDF) curves that assume extreme precipitation will not significantly change. To sustain the reliability of infrastructure designs in a changing environment, time‐varying nonstationary‐based IDF curves must replace the static stationary‐based IDF curves. This study outlines a fully time varying risk framework using Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques to incorporate the impact of different complex nonstationary conditions on the occurrence of extreme precipitation in the Great Lakes area. The results demonstrate the underestimation of the extreme precipitation using stationary assumptions and the importance of updating infrastructure design strategies in a changing climate.


Abstract The life cycle of Periphylla periphylla (Peron & Lesueur, 1809) is described. it is the only known direct development of a coronate scyphozoa, showing a holopelagic life cycle without any sessile stage. It also lacks an ephyra stage that normally precedes the medusa stage and it is the first scyphozoan life cycle with sexual propagation where the planula stage is missing. The morphology and histology in the early development is described and a description of eight well recognised developmental stages, covering the period from egg to young medusa, is presented. A brief comparison of the population structure in 1992 and 1997 in Lurefjorden, Norway shows that there has been a dramatic change. The population in 1992 showed a normal size distribution with a median individual wet weight of 540 g, eggs and stages did not occur in the plankton and there was no significant recruitment. Eggs and larvae were first observed in 1993 and since then they have been present in all seasons. The population therefor...


This paper concerns kinematics and dimensional synthesis of a three universal-revolute-universal (3-URU) pure rotational parallel mechanism. The mechanism is composed of a base, a platform and three symmetric limbs consisting of U-R-U joints. This mechanism is a spatial non-overconstrained mechanism with three degrees of freedom. The joints in each limb are so arranged to perform pure rotational motion of the platform around a specific point. Equations for inverse displacement analysis and singularities were derived to investigate the relationship of the kinematic constants to the solution of the inverse kinematics and singularities. Based on the results, a dimensional synthesis procedure for the 3-URU parallel mechanism considering singularities and the workspace was proposed. A numerical example was also presented to illustrate the synthesis method.


Why did CO2 levels oscillate between around 150 parts per million (ppm) during glacial periods and around 250 ppm during interglacials? And why has the answer to this question led to proposals that climate change might be effectively mitigated by dumping tonnes of iron sulphate into the waters of the Southern Ocean?


Besides ncRNAs, RNA modification is another layer of epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Since the first modified RNA ribonucleic acid was found in 1957, more than 150 kinds of known RNA modifications have been reported. RNA modifications play critical roles in a series of biological processes, such as RNA degradation, localization and degradation, and even circadian rhythm. Recent studies revealed that RNA modifications are also associated with metabolic diseases, cancer, neurological disorders and cardiovascular diseases.


Purpose: of that paper was analysing main surfacing welding process with parameters of micro-jet cooling. The main reason of it was investigate possibilities of getting varied amount of martensite and bainite in surface weld of machine shafts. For getting various amount of martensite and bainite in this method it is necessary to determine the main parameters of the process such as. number of jets, diameter of stream of the micro-jet injector, type of micro-jet gases, micro-jet gas pesure. Design/methodology/approach: During research with varied micro-jet parameters the chemical analysis, micrograph tests and hardness test of the metal weld were carried out. Findings: There were gettable varied amount of martensite and bainite in weld surface metal in terms of micro-jet cooling parameters (numbers of jet, gas pressure). Possibilities of steering the structure (varied amount of martensite and bainite in this case) using micro-jet technology must be treated as an innovate way for MIG/MAG welding. Research limitations/implications: That research was made for MIG/MAG method (according to PN-EN ISO 4063:2009) only. Another method of welding in this article was not tested. Other methods (for eg. TIG) have not been tested, but it is suspected that similar phenomena are taking place. Practical implications: Micro-jet cooling it is way to get various amount of martensite and bainite in surface weld than the usual methods of welding. It is very important because it could be used to steering of weld joint structure and mechanical properties (for example hardfacing or wearfacing). Originality/value: In this research new method of cooling weld joint during welding was used. At the present time use of micro-jet cooling while MIG is in the testing phase and requires an accurate diagnosis.This method is very promising and capable of industrial application, mainly due to the significant improvement of weld quality and reduces costs in welding regeneration.


Objective To offer the information for the diagnosis and treatment of primary ureteral cancer.Methods Clinical data of 76 cases of ureteral cancer through the pathology in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from April 1998 to April 2008 were retropectively analyzed.Results In the diagnosis of the primary ureteral cancer,the correct rate of ultrasonography,computered tomography,magnetic resonance urography,intravenous pyelography and retrograde pyelography were 43.4%,71.4%,72.5%,21.9% and 95.3% respectively.Forty-three cases had been followed-up,12 patients were still alive after 5 years,who were given operation of cutting the involved kidney,total length ureter and bladder like cuff.Conclusion The correct rate of retrograde pyelography the highest in the diagnosis of the primary ureteral cancer.Radical surgery is primary method to treat the primary ureteral cancer.The operation that retains the kidney should be adopted if the patient is solitary kidney,renal inadequacy in the opposite kidney,can not tolerate surgery or bilateral tumors of upper urinary tract and strengthen the follow-up after the operation.


Objective: Our previous work has shown that albumin coating of tympanostomy tubes prevented adhesion of proteins or bacteria on the tube surface in vitro and in a 9‐month prospective follow‐up study. This study was continued until all tubes were extruded.


The utility model relates to a blanking die of a scraping plate. An upper die part and a lower die part are connected by a guide sleeve and a guide post; and in the upper die part, an upper die block is installed on an upper die plate by an upper fixing plate and an upper shim plate, a die shank is installed on the upper die plate, and oblique cutting edges which are mutually vertical are arranged on the upper die block. In the lower die part, a lower die block is installed on a lower die holder by a lower shim plate and a fixing plate of a lower die, and a material pressing plate is also installed on the fixing plate of the lower die. Under the condition of ensuring that the processing size of the scraping plate conforms to the design requirement, the blanking die of the scraping plate, which is provided by the utility model, can enhance the production efficiency of labor greatly, saves the consumption of the production cost and shortens the production period. The upper die block adopts the oblique cutting edges, so that the blanking clearance of the upper die part and the lower die part can be decreased, and the blanking face of a component is comparatively smooth. The utility model can lower the blanking force and decreases the vibratility when a thick plate is blanked, so that the blanking process is steady, and the quality and the production safety of the scraping plate are ensured.


Objective
To explore the clinical efficacy of Bushen Tiaojing decoction in patients with kidney defficiency with liver stagnation type barrenness caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Methods
176 cases of barrenness caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome in our hospital from October 2011 to January 2016 were randomly divided into control group (88 cases) and observation group (88 cases). The control group was treated with letrozole, and the observation group was treated with Bushen Tiaojing decoction and letrozole. Observed the clinical effect, compared the levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), estradiol (E2), and progesterone (P), calculated the ovulation rate, pregnancy rate, early abortion rate, and recorded adverse events of the two groups.

Results
The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (68.2% vs.44.3%, P 0.05); three months later, the levels of HCG, E2, P in the two groups all increased (P<0.05), the levels of HCG, E2, P of the observation group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The ovulation rate, pregnancy rate of the observation group were higher than those of the control group, the early abortion rate was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions of the observation group was lower than that of the control group (P<0.05).

Conclusion
Bushen Tiaojing decoction in patients with kidney defficiency with liver stagnation type barrenness caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome can improve clinical effect, the hormone levels in patients, the ovulation rate and pregnancy rate, reduce the early abortion rate and the incidence of adverse reactions, worthy of clinical application and promotion.

Key words:
Polycystic ovarian syndrome; Letrozole; Bushen Tiaojing decoction


The interactions of mixed wastes containing radionuclides with solid rock surface and the mobility of the radionuclides in aquifer systems depend not only on the chemistry of the nuclides and the physico-chemical effects of radioactive decay, but also on the site-specific hydrogeology. Thus, to characterize contaminant transport, it is best to cross-check figures derived from any small-scale laboratory experiments over limited times with that obtained from field-oriented, natural analog studies. We propose such a study using the naturally-occurring U and Th decay-series disequilibria. The work of ours and other researchers have shown that the parent/daughter disequilibrium patterns existing in groundwater systems can be modeled in terms of local nuclide mass balance to arrive at such information as the rock-water contact time (fluid flow) and rates of contaminant transport, taking into account the retardation effect due to nuclide/rock interaction contaminants at INEL by grouping them into three categories, represented by isotopes of (1) Th and Pa, (2) U and (3) Ra. Mass spectrometric measurements of these elements will be emphasized in order to minimize sample size requirements and to maximize precision. Results will form the data base for a model code for computing: (1) Fluid residence time (transport rates) in the basalt aquifers at various locations, (2) The in-situ adsorption and desorption rate constants, as well as the retardation factors, of various radionuclide wastes, and (3) Rock dissolution rate and its relation to preferential flow and contamination transport in the fractured rock.


synthesis at 42°C is caused bysuch a change in the mutant polymerase, then the inhibitionshouldcontinue as longasthe cells areat42°C. Sincegrowthin the rpoD800 strain ceased by 30 minafter a shift to hightemperature, wecould not determine whether the inhibitionwas a transient or permanent effect in this strain. However,introduction ofa lon mutation allowed C600cells containingmutantsigmatogrowat 42°C(7) andenabledustodeterminethe kinetics of


When finding the driver distracted from driving (such as looking aside), this system provides driving assistance that enhances his or her motivation to drive by encouraging him or her to drive actively and thereby increase his or her internal focus on driving. Examples of specific driving assistance include giving exemplary driving instructions to the driver, providing him or her with navigation to a road with features that would entertain him or her through driving, and improving sensitivity to any change in the vehicle's state responsive to driving operations. If dangerous driving is sensed while the driving assistance is being provided, driving control may be performed to increase the driver's tension.


Dogs may suffer from various formations (in spleen) caused by hyperplasia phenomenons, out of which 2/3 are of a malignant nature. The hemangiosarcoma is the most recurrent one, with a high tendency towards malignancy. The imaging examination is primordial in setting a diagnosis, but the defining one is the one implying pathological anatomy. The authors set a diagnosis using imaging methods on the spleen and on various metastatic processes; the etiology was established using a pathological anatomy examination. This led to the augmentation of the precocity of the diagnosis. 13 dogs of various breeds were examined clinically, radiologically and using ultrasound; in 5 individuals, an ultrasound-led puncture was applied, followed by a cytological examination; surgery or necropsy were performed on the other patients and, on this occasion, histological samples were gathered, that were later on analyzed using classical microscopy. The clinical and para-clinical diagnosis has led to the following distribution: 5 cases of hemangiosarcoma; 3 cases of hemangioma, 2 cases of lymphosarcoma; 1 case of lymphoma and 1 case of leiomysarcoma. About the results, it is to be recommended that an imaging examination is performed twice per year, especially in medium and large sized dogs, beginning with the age of 6; an ultrasound-guided puncture should be introduced in the current practice, followed by a cytological examination (the present studies confirm the majority of the data from the specialized literature). By applying these recommendations, the diagnosis would be more precocious and the rate of success in the case of specific surgical interventions would be more increased.


The onset of sexual activity in adolescence suggests an important cause for the increased prevalence of HPV and lesions caused by its infection, such as cervical cancer. Cervicovaginal cytopathological exam is considered the main prevention and early detection strategy for this type of cancer and precursor lesions. The aim of this study was to present the clinical and epidemiological profile of cytopathological tests carried out by adolescents aged 15-19 years in the city of Unaí, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The methodological processes were established in an epidemiological, descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. The study population consisted of 195 cytopathological tests from teenagers, aged 15-19 years, corresponding to an adolescent public with active sexual activity, registered in SISCAN according to the tests reported in SISCOLO between 2014-2020. Analyzing the data, it was possible to verify a low adherence of adolescents to preventive exam, that performance of cytopathological exams was conducted mainly for screening (89.8%, n = 175), and that 71.3% (n = 139) were not considered within normal limits, so it can be concluded that there should be a reduction in the minimum age for the preventive exam, in addition to greater emphasis on health education actions for young women.


Dissemination of soluble molecules or antigens via the blood stream is considered to lead to a uniform distribution in the various organs of the body, but organ‐specific microarchitecture and vascularization may influence this. Following intravenous injection of αCD3ε antibody (αCD3εAb) we observed clear differences in antibody binding to Fcγ receptor (FcγR)+ antigen‐presenting cells (APCs) or T lymphocytes in different organs. Significant binding of blood‐borne αCD3εAb was only detected in the spleen and liver and not in the thymus or lymph node. In the spleen, only 10% of dendritic cells/macrophages and 40% of T‐cell receptor (TCR)‐β+ cells were positive for αCD3εAb, and, dependent on FcγR‐mediated cross‐linking of αCD3εAb, a similar percentage of splenic TCR‐β+ cells were stimulated and became CD69+. Stimulation of TCR‐β+ cells in the liver was at least as efficient as in the spleen, but almost all T cells and all scavenger liver sinusoidal endothelial cells bound αCD3εAb. In contrast to CD69 up‐regulation, only CD4+ natural killer T (NKT) cells and CD11ahigh CD8+ T cells were activated by αCD3εAb and expressed interferon (IFN)‐γ. Again, IFN‐γ release from NKT/T cells was at least as efficient in the liver as in the spleen. Taken together, our results support the notion that the combination of extensive hepatic vascularization and very high scavenger activity allows the liver to fulfill its metabolic tasks and to promote stimulation of the large but widely distributed hepatic population of NKT/T cells.


In the last decade, supply chain management has played an important role in leading organizations today to; succeed in their business goals, gain competitive advantages, and improve business performance. As the result of that, most scholars have extensively and repeatedly studied a topical issue in strategic supply chain management with the objective of improving business performance in ideal situation. This is because the uncertain factors in current business world, are crucial in both supply and demand sides to influence many companies to continuously work on adopting proper value chains in their organizations. However, there has been little effort to unmask the impact of these uncertain factors that cause inefficiency in the supply chains especially on particular food supply chain that is NCPB rice supply chain in a conceptual framework. This study is a critical analysis of literature to develop the conceptual framework that is proposed to analyze the relationship among uncertain factors, rice supply chain practices, and rice supply chain performance as well as to discuss research methodology.