Abstract Although Peter Greenaway has long been celebrated, as a godfather to new media cinema, his Tulse Luper Suitcases project suggests that he brings more ambivalence to the libratory potentials of digital cinema than is commonly recognized. In his recent experiments with digital storytelling, we see Greenaway using new media to describe the boundaries, limits and choices that remain central to cinema in the new millennium.


The objective of this research is to estimate the stand volume of Pinus koraiensis, by using the investigated volume and the information of remote sensing(RS), in the research forest of Kangwon National University. The average volume of the research forest per hectare was and standard deviation was . Before and after carrying out 3 by 3 majority filtering on TM image, eleven indices were extracted each time. Independent variables needed for linear regression equation were selected using mean pixel values by indices. The number of indices were eleven: six Bands(except for thermal Band), NDVI, Band Ratio(BR1:Band4/Band3, BR2:Band5/Band4, BR3:Band7/Band4), Tasseled Cap-Greeness. As a result, NDVI and TC G were chosen as the most suitable indices for regression before and after filtering, and R-squared was high: 0.736 before filtering, 0.753 after filtering. As a result of error verification for an exact comparison, RMSE before and after filtering was about , , respectively, and bias was , , respectively. Therefore, the regression conducted with filtering was selected as an appropriate model because of low RMSE and bias. The estimated stand volume applying the regression was , and the average volume was . This estimation was 1.2 times higher than the actual stand volume of Pinus koraiensis.


We present the analysis of archival X-ray observations of the supernova remnant (SNR) G21.5−0.9. Based on its morphology and spectral properties, G21.5−0.9 has been classified as a Crab-like SNR. For that reason, it was chosen as a Chandra calibration target. In their early analysis of part of these calibration data, Slane et al. (2000) discovered a low-surface-brightness, extended emission. They interpreted this component as the blast wave formed in the supernova (SN) explosion. XMM-Newton observations (Warwick et al. 2000) revealed the non-thermal nature of this emission suggesting that it is instead an extension of the synchrotron nebula. In this paper, we revisit the Chandra analysis using new calibration data, improving the statistics by a factor of 2. We also include ROSAT and ASCA observations. Our analysis confirms the non-thermal nature of the extended emission. ACIS-S images indicate that this component is not limb-brightened, and it shows knotty structures and a bright filament 2′ north of the center. We find no evidence of line emission from any part of the remnant. We can reject a collisional equilibrium ionization (CEI) thermal model at solar abundances, and non-equilibrium ionization (NEI) models (such as a plane-parallel shock model with different ionization ages and constant-temperature, or an NEI model with a single ionization age and a constant temperature). The entire remnant is best fitted with a power law model with a photon index steepening away from the center. The total unabsorbed flux FX (0.5 – 10 keV) is 1.1 × 10−10 erg cm−2 s−1 with an 85% contribution from the 40′′ radius core. Timing analysis of the High-Resolution Camera (HRC) data failed to detect any pulsations. We put a 16% upper limit on the pulsed fraction. We derive the physical parameters of the putative pulsar and compare them with those of other plerions (such as the Crab and 3C 58). Subject headings: ISM: individual (G21.5−0.9) – stars: neutron – supernova remnants – X-rays : ISM


Tourism is one of the rapidly growing service industries. Jakarta as one of the tourism destinations in Indonesia, has a variety of unique attractions such as culture, shopping and historical attractions. One of the goals of tourism in Jakarta is the Old City. Tourism Area Development Old Town should pay attention to the economic and ecological aspects in a balanced way, which is the essence of the concept of green tourism (Green Tourism). The purpose of this study was to determine how effective the publication KKT, knowing the variables that affect consumers / travelers in deciding to visit KKT, how much consumer surplus obtained user, and how big the potential use of economic value. The method used in the study was EPIC rate and Travel Cost Method (TCM) with individual approach. Based on the results obtained by data processing variables that affect consumers/travelers in deciding been to KKT is travel cost travel, average income, group visits, and transportation. The results of this study are EPIC Rate of 3.45, the value of consumer surplus of Rp. 610,000 and potential economic value owned KKT in a year is Rp. 27 billion. Short Research Article Hasibuan et al.; BJAST, 15(4): 1-7, 2016; Article no.BJAST.25435 2


The use of low flow shower heads is presently considered as one of the solutions that can contribute to the global effort towards the optimisation of energy consumption. In the leisure (hotels, gymnasiums) and residential sectors, the use of low flow shower heads can lead to significant energy savings. In South Africa, Eskom has recently launched a mass roll out programme intended to save energy through the use of this technology. Given the recentness of this programme in the country, the evaluation of energy savings achieved by using of low flow shower heads remains a challenge. One of the major steps in the evaluation of energy savings achieved through the use of low flow shower heads is the evaluation of the difference between the flow rate of the old shower heads (before retrofitting) and that of the new shower heads (after retrofitting). As a result, the correct measurement of the flow rates is an important requirement for accurate determination of the savings achieved. For this reason, parameters and conditions that affect the flow rate value have to be taken into consideration during the measurement process. Current measurement and verification (M&V) literature provides very few details about the measurement methodology to use in order to ensure that results are accurate and relevant to the context of the project. This paper provides an overview of parameters that have to be considered when measuring the flow rate. Using laboratory measurements, the influence of context parameters on the flow rate measurement is demonstrated. Furthermore, a measurement approach that ensures relevance of results is suggested.


Abstract In Kiobel v Royal Dutch Petroleum, Dutch and British private corporations were accused of having aided and abetted the violation of the human rights of individuals in Nigeria. A lawsuit, however, was brought in the United States, relying on the Alien Tort Statute—part of a Judiciary Act from 1789. In its final decision on the case, the US Supreme Court focused strongly on 'territory'. This use of a spatial category calls for closer scrutiny of how the making of legal arguments presupposes 'spatial knowledge', especially in the field of transnational human rights litigation. Space is hardly a neutral category. What is at stake is normativity on a global scale with the domestic courtroom turned into a site of spatial contestation. This paper explores the construction of 'the transnational' as space, which implicates a 'politics of space' at work underneath the exposed surface of legal argumentation. The 'Kiobel situation' is addressed as a case belonging to a broader picture, including the following contested elements of space: a particular spatial condition of modern nation-state territoriality; the production of 'counter-space', eventually undermining the spatial regime of inter-state society; and the state not accepting its withering away. How are normative boundaries between the involved jurisdictional spaces drawn? How does the 'politics of space' work underneath or beyond the plain moments of judicial decision-making? How territorialised is the legal knowledge at work and how does territoriality work in legal arguments?


Aim To investigate the correlation between serum leptin level and intima-media thickness of carotid artery in chronic kidney disease patients (CKD). Methods Seventy-nine non-dialytic CKD patients and fifteen healthy volunteers were involved in the study. CKD patients were classified into three groups according to glomerular filtration rate (GFR):CKD 2~3 stage,CKD 4 stage and CKD 5 stage,the serum leptin was tested by the radio-immunity method; Intima-medial thickness (IMT) of carotid artery and the presence of atherosclerotic plaques were determined by using noninvasive high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography. Results Sermu leptin,IMT and prevalence of atherosclerotic plaques in CKD patients were significantly higher than those in healthy groups (P0.01). The serum leptin and CRP concentrations were significantly increased in CKD patients with atherosclerosis of carotid artery group (17.06±1.06 ng/L vs 14.27±0.70 ng/L;P0.05),(3.32±0.19 mg/L vs 2.55±0.17 mg/L;P0.01). The linear correlation analysis indicated the serum leptin was correlated positively with urea nitrogen,serum creatinine,C-reaction and body mass index (r=0.293,P0.01,r=0.324,P0.01;r=0.539,P0.01;r=0.312,P0.05). The serum leptin level was correlated negatively with glomerular filtration rate,hemoglobin and albumin (r=-0.389,P0.01;r=-0.454,P0.01;r=-0.246,P0.05). Logistic regression analysis further indicated that Leptin (β=1.527,P0.05) was an independent risk factor of atherosclerosis in non-dialytic CKD patients. Conclusion The patients of CKD exist hyperleptinemia. The serum leptin was significantly correlated with IMT. Hyperleptinemia was an independent risk factor and might play a role in pathogenesis and progression of atherosclerosis.


Nowadays in the digital era, people could easily access and stored a wide range of information through the Internet into documents. With the huge number of unstructured documents with various type of information in digital storage, people need an application that could help them organize and classify the documents automatically. Documents Clustering using K-Means Algorithm is a desktop-based documents clustering application which implement K-Means Algorithm to provides clustering output based on the documents content similarity up to 85% accuracy based on the user expectation.


The invention discloses an electronic control system of a multifunctional tracked operating vehicle and belongs to the vehicle control technical field. The electronic control system of the multifunctional tracked operating vehicle includes a controller module, a wireless remote control unit, a sensor module, an instrument display module, a solenoid valve group, an oil-liquid radiator, an alarm device, a lighting device and a power source module, wherein the main controller is the core component of the electronic control system and is used for performing calculation processing on input signals and outputting control signals to an execution component so as to complete a control process. The electronic control system of the invention has the advantages of reasonable design, convenience in realization and stable and reliable performance. With the electronic control system adopted, wireless control on the multifunctional tracked operating vehicle can be realized, and the turning radius of the multifunctional tracked operating vehicle can be greatly reduced, and stepless speed regulation in a certain range can be realized, and operational flexibility and security can be enhanced, and work efficiency can be improved. The electronic control system has a high practical value.


Abstract The differential pulse polarography with preconcentration on hanging mercury drop electrode allows the determination of low levels of selenium. Electrochemical characteristics are discussed, including factors affecting the detection limit. The analytical measurements are realised at the maximum current of -65 mV versus the silver electrode reference. The effect of various metallic interferences on the determination is discussed.


evidence. I would make the point differently: the obstetric community has not engaged holistically with the phenomenon. Being present at postbirth debriefings is not enough; the profession must venture out and reach the women to whom I speak with frequently, the women who are too traumatised to complain or to even set foot back in the hospital. Omitted from Lightly and Weeks' opinion, yet one of the major concerns raised by Coates et al., is that in the qualitative studies that they found, informed consent for induction of labour was often questionable. This was evident with regards to the discussion of risks related to the induction process. Such a situation suggests that induction is seen as something that a woman need not consent to, but rather one that she is expected to submit to. A situation in which induction is routinely offered at 40 weeks of gestation is one that risks women being channelled automatically into a medical procedure that they may not fully understand or want. The world is changing. The medicalisation of childbirth is being challenged. Women's voices are starting to be heard. No longer can obstetrics limit itself to mortality rates and cost–utility benefits. Nor can concerns be simply dismissed as anecdotes. I challenge obstetrics to pursue the anecdotes, to build the qualitative evidence base, to engage with third-sector organisations in the form of public and patient involvement, and to only advocate routine intervention with a complete and holistic understanding of the phenomenon concerned.&


It clears it's conformation type and field location by analyzing and researching on Hegang Basin's conformation,which is a great importance to searching for new coal basin and deep exploration.


This paper is based upon the survey on the knowledge,attitude,and practice on biodiversity conservation from various groups from the government,enterprises,rural communities,non-profit organizations,university students,and media.This survey also studies the information channels of these groups.Based upon the research results,the recommendations on the information dissemination and communication strategies on biodiversity conservation are proposed.


Objectives The present study is a prospective study carried out to evaluate the efficacy of physiotherapy methods like ultrasound, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, low intensity light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation and compare the same with pharmacotherapy comprising of analgesics and muscle relaxants, in the management of temporomandibular joint myofascial pain. Methods A total of 40 patients included in the study. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of the two groups, each group consisting of 20 subjects. Subjects of Group A received a combination of muscle relaxants and analgesics and Group B subjects received, ultrasound, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, or light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. All the patients were evaluated for subjective and objective symptoms at baseline and then following one, four, eight, and 16 weeks post treatment. All the subjects were evaluated with visual analog scale, Global Pain Impact scale scores, number of tender muscles, and maximum comfortable mouth opening. Results The parameters evaluated revealed significant improvement in Group B following treatment and also during the follow period as compared to Group A subjects. Conclusion Physiotherapy, having the advantages of better patient compliance and lack of adverse side effects, can be considered as primary treatment modality of patients with myofascial pain.


In this paper, we generalize the classic therapeutic decision-making model, developed by Pauker and Kassirer, from the expected utility(EU) to the rank-dependent utility (RDU) framework. In contrast with EU, the RDU can incorporate a physician's optimistic and pessimistic biases into decision-making model, both of which is closely related to physician's attitude toward probability of uncertainty events and critical to physician's treatment decision-making. We show that a physician with RDU preference has a lesser treatment threshold than that of EU decision-maker with same utility function and that of DU decision-maker with same probability distortion function. Furthermore, we also examine the effects of degree of risk-aversion, optimism and pessimism on the physician's treatment threshold, and find out that the higher a physician's degree of risk-aversion is, the lower the treatment threshold is. In addition, a higher pessimistic degree will lead to a lower treatment threshold, and a higher optimistic degree will produce a higher threshold levels. Finally, we briefly discuss the possible application of big data in the treatment decision problem.


'The Sims' is currently the best-selling computer game in which the players interact with a screen world, building and decorating houses, and striving to direct and control animated three-dimensional figures. The game's positioning of the player is very similar to the reader-positioning affected by the speculative genre of utopian narrative fiction.


In intact apple plants, sorbitol, rather than sucrose, is the main carbohydrate involved in phloem transport. The behaviour of excised phloem, either freshly excised (fresh) or washed for 20 hr after excising (aged), towards sucrose, glucose, and sorbitol was studied. All three carbohydrates were accumulated rapidly, rates being higher when more concentrated solutions were supplied and when aged tissues were used. Both effects were more marked for sorbitol than for sucrose or glucose. When sucrose or glucose was accumulated by fresh or aged phloem, sucrose was the main product and no sorbitol was formed. When sorbitol was accumulated it was the main product, though in aged phloem sucrose was also formed. In comparison with sucrose sorbitol is readily accumulated from the more concentrated solutions, but is only slowly metabolized by phloem tissues. It is suggested that, in the intact plant, sorbitol, which is present in the leaf in high concentration, is preferentially accumu· lated into the phloem, but once there is metabolically rather inert and so is not altered until it reaches its destination. The tissue there, like aged phloem, can readily utilize sorbitol. Thus, sorbitol is well suited to translocation in apple.


3530Background: In a previous work we demonstrated that pts harboringTYMS-3'UTR+6 bp/+6 bp and ERCC1-118 C/T or C/C genotypes may better receive capecitabine instead of 5FU in an OXA-based first-li...


In traditional practical teaching of traffic and transportation major,various problems exist,such as too much simple form,dispersive content,and lack of integrity and innovation.Thus with the aim of cultivating high-level versatile talents,under the direction of focusing on capability cultivation in practical teaching and the main line of the integration with theory,knowledge and talent capability structure,the systematic multi-layer frame is constructed including basic,professional,comprehensive and innovative levels of practice.The content system of practical teaching,organically combined with courses system,has been included into the revised cultivation project.To increase practice and innovation capability of students,measures have been taken,such as to build high-level experimental platform,develop classic courses of the major,reform practice pattern of the major,reinforce scientific research training and regulate the management of graduation design.


The paper based on the supporting structure of single cable point supporting curtain and attained beautiful architecture effect, which is the largest scale application. The example distributes to the construction technology used in prestress single cable Structure for Ha'erbin International Exhibition Stadium Center.


This study investigates the conceptual development underlying story recall. Children's memory for stories was examined as a function of subjects' causal understanding and causal structure in stories. Kindergarteners (64 boys and 64 girls) who had scored either high or low on a causal reasoning pretest heard and recalled two stories representing one of four versions which varied in amount and locus of causality. The results supported a developmental view in which recall performance was a complex interaction between characteristics of the learner and characteristics of the story. Depending on the causal structure of the story, boys and girls high in causal reasoning responded differently in employing two alternative cognitive styles. Boys tended to elaborate more on unstructured material and girls tended to assimilate well-structured text more easily. In contrast, boys and girls low in causal reasoning did not respond differently from each other and were not influenced by the causal structure of the story.


The adoption of inter-organisational systems (IOS) has been reported to be slow in the industry. The slow diffusion of IOS has attracted considerable research attention. However, little has been done to address why organisations adopt these systems. We argue that IOS adoption is contingent upon how the motivations for adoption arise in organisations. We also suggest that the activities initiated by organisations to introduce IOS successfully are related to the organisation's motivations for IOS adoption. To this end, a model of motivations for IOS adoption is proposed and some empirical evidence drawn from four case studies is presented. The findings indicate that the logical deductions drawn from the model in broad terms are consistent with the actual IOS adoption experiences of the case organisations.


Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial chronic disease that affects the human population and it is the third most common cause of death worldwide. Momordica charantia is commonly known as Bitter melon, Bitter guard and used as a food and natural medicine. The scientific name, Momordica means "to bite," in Latin which is refers to the jagged edges of the leaves. Including fruits, all parts of the plant, contains a bitter compound, momordicinso and very bitter in taste. It has long been used as a traditional medicine for some ailments. Bromelain bitter guard seed protein hydrolysate was profiled by ultrafiltration and SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that the lower molecular weight peptide ≤ 25 kDa exerted the high antidiabetic activity. Spontaneously diabetic rats showed a decrease in the blood Glucose level (Glu), Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level, Glycogen level and also shows lower level of Lipid profile parameters (Chol, HDL, LDL, and TG) in the serum of the diabetic rats after 21 days of oral administration of bromelain bitter guard seed protein hydrolysate at dosages of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg. However, the effect was dose-dependent. As a novel protein hydrolysate source with invivo antidiabetic activity, future research should aim to demonstrate the molecular mechanism of action and validate its bioactivity through human intervention trials.


We present two compact ultrafast electron injector designs with integrated focusing that provide high peak brightness of up to 1.9 × 1012 A/m2 Sr2 with 10's of electrons per laser pulse using silicon carbide electrodes and silicon nanotip emitters. We demonstrate a few centimeter scale 96 keV immersion lens electron source and a 57 keV immersion lens electron source with a 19 kV/mm average acceleration gradient, nearly double the typical 10 kV/mm used in DC electron sources. The brightness of the electron sources is measured alongside start-to-end simulations including space charge effects. These sources are suitable for dielectric laser accelerator experiments, ultrafast electron diffraction, and other applications, where a compact high brightness electron source is required.


A turbidity method to monitor rennet-induced coagulation of undiluted skim milk using microplates and a microplate reader is described. Up to 96 different milk samples, including replications and controls, were monitored in a nondestructive and continuous way during coagulation. To illustrate the effectiveness of the method, we evaluated the outcome of increasing protein content by the addition of milk protein concentrate (MPC) on coagulation curves at different milk pH and rennet concentration. Renneting pH, rennet concentration, and their interaction significantly affected all clotting parameters of control (3.4% (w/w) protein) and enriched-milk (4.8% (w/w)). Differences in coagulation behaviour between control and protein-enriched milks were explained by the alteration of mineral balance induced by the MPC supplementation. Polynomial models describing the effects of renneting pH and rennet concentration on milk coagulation kinetics were established for control and protein-enriched milks. These models make it possible to correct renneting conditions so as to prevent any change in the coagulation pattern associated with the protein enrichment of cheese milk.


There are fourquestions to study and research tersely:first,the meaning of faith,the Relationship between faith and ideal; secondly,Marxism,theoretically and practically,is a scientific faith; thirdly,by comparison of the difference in Marxism faith and religion faith,it is expressed that Marxism faith is our correct single faith; finally,at present,faith has pluralistic tendence and Marxism faith face schallenges,so it is our necessarily sacred duty to cognize and uphold Marxism Faith further.


Pipeline tests with a commercially available drag-reducing agent (DRA) show that such agents can be injected into one product in a multiproduct pipeline without cross-contamination from one batch to another. The tests were conducted in the Cherokee system, a three-segment Ponca City-to-Oklahoma City products line operated by Conoco Pipe Line Co. A batch of gasoline treated with a DRA, Conoco's CDR Flow Improver, preceded an untreated jet-fuel batch. The amount of DRA in the gasoline was measured as the tenders were transported through the pipeline system.


Flow Induced Vibration (FIV) is one of the important phenomena that contribute to failure of jumpers. A computational study was developed to analyze vibrations caused by slug flow in a rigid M-shaped jumper and to estimate the potential effects on its fatigue life. This fluidstructure interaction (FSI) research was conducted in a two-bend model jumper to determine the stresses and pressure fluctuations and predict its response due to the unsteady multiphase flow. A six-bend (whole) jumper simulation was also performed to analyze flow parameters and pressure fluctuations of an original jumper design. Initially, a risk assessment method was carried out to determine the likelihood of failure (LOF) due to flow induced turbulence. After the screening method, a more detailed FSI analysis of piping vibration and response is recommended, specifically "two-way coupling". This FSI study couples the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model with the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model to compare the structural natural frequencies with the slug frequencies and consequently obtain the stress range for fatigue analysis. A conclusion can be drawn that whether assessing FIV fatigue damage should be required for future investigation.


The present invention, the empty space formed inside the tube to be subjected to the metal receiving on multiple heating the low-melting metal element in a very small amount control device; Located in the tube, wherein the target is a metal boat ADD; Heating the target metal in the tube locally creates a molten portion (molten zone) in the liquid state, heating means being provided with a plurality of the melt so as to form a plurality of addition; Moving means for moving the heating means along the longitudinal direction of the tube; And cooling means for cooling the target metal so that the molten parts of the crystalline part (crystal zone) solid-state region than in the target metal; made including, the trace element contained in the target metal is collected in the melting unit and the process time as the heating means are moved as according by removing them after having concentrated the trace element portion at one end of the target metal and to also can be high purity refining process to low-melting metal, is provided with a plurality of said heating means the present invention relates to a multi-heat trace amount of low-melting metal element control device which can effectively shorten.


High-dimensional Bayesian variable selection problems are often solved using computationally expensive Markov Chain Montle Carlo (MCMC) techniques. Recently, a Bayesian variable selection technique was developed for continuous data using the EM algorithm called EMVS. We extend the EMVS method to binary data by proposing both a logistic and probit extension. To preserve the computational speed of EMVS we also implemented the Stochastic Dual Coordinate Descent (SDCA) algorithm. Further, we conduct two extensive simulation studies to show the computational speed of both methods. These simulation studies reveal the power of both methods to quickly identify the correct sparse model. When these EMVS methods are compared to Stochastic Search Variable Selection (SSVS), the EMVS methods surpass SSVS both in terms of computational speed and correctly identifying significant variables. Finally, we illustrate the effectiveness of both methods on two well-known gene expression datasets. Our results mirror the results of previous examinations of these datasets with far less computational cost.


Internet governance (IG) is quickly emerging both as a field of political practices at global level and as an object of interdisciplinary research. Although the debate on this matter has started with the birth of the Internet itself, three features characterize the contemporary phase of debate and mark its peculiarity in comparison with the past. In first place, Internet governance has become a global social problem soliciting the interest of a plurality of actors of different nature (governmental and non governmental). Nonetheless, despite this undeniable relevance, Internet governance remains characterized by a twofold uncertainty: in first place, thematic boundary uncertainty or, in other words, what is meant with Internet governance and who are actors involved in the discussion; secondly, political uncertainty or, in other words, what are preferred political arrangements to put Internet governance in practice efficiently thus keeping into account modifications intervened in its contents since a larger constituency of actors has stepped onto global stages in order to participate to the discussion. The status of global issue, boundaries and political uncertainty impose the necessity to develop multi-faceted methodologies for the study of contemporary phase of Internet governance discussion.


The issue of introducing the latest methods in higher education in Ukraine, taking into account these forms of education, is always relevant. This work is aimed at a thorough analysis of the latest methods of teaching foreign languages which began to develop actively and rapidly due to the growing need to master a foreign language in the short term. It is proved that high-quality foreign language training of the students of HEIs is possible with the introduction of modern educational technologies, such as vocational training, project method, intensive and distance learning technologies, information and telecommunication technologies, work with educational and control computer programs in foreign languages, game technologies, creation of presentations, training systems, etc.


This conceptual article argues that a pedagogy of poetic memory, or epipoetics, can be used to remember and 're-member' the past in the present in the history classroom. Epi-poetics as a theory encapsulates the dynamic interplay of language (including indigenous poetry), the body (both physical and psychological remembering of the past) and the socio-cultural and physical environments in memory construction. As a pedagogy, epi-poetics allows for the indigenisation of the curriculum by tapping into Indigenous Knowledge constructs, specifically indigenous poetry and how it relates to memory, trauma and history. The indigenous poetry is both a source of memory, and, therefore history, and a fount and font of inter-generational experience and trauma.


This study attempts to find out various cultural aspects that have influenced on professionalism of accountants. The aim at this study is to explore a different approach to examine the influence of culture on accountant's professionalism by using Schwartz's (1992) model (universal structure of individual-level human motivational values) in domain of accounting. We use Gray model for detecting of professionalism. The findings of this study show that professionalism of accountants is affected by motivational values. Results show that security from motivational values can be influence on professionalism.


The 1996 spice crop was the third set of well-matured seed available from the numerous trials conducted by the plant breeders and agronomists at the Crop Development Centre. The quality testing on anise, caraway, coriander, and dillseed is an integral part of a research project funded by the Agriculture Development Fund to develop the spice industry in Saskatchewan. As in the previous two years, two quality parameters, namely essential oil content and oleoresin content, were measured (Arganosa et al., 1996).


OFDM has been widely adopted in many more applications due to its good spectral performance and low sensitivity to impulse noise andmultipath channels. In OFDM that a cyclic prefixes (CP) is appended to each symbol in order to mitigate the effect of Inter-Symbol-Interference (ISI) and intercarrier interference (ICI). However, this reduces the spectral efficiency. A perfect reconstruction using wavelet based OFDM provides good orthogonality and with its use Bit Error Rate is improved. Wavelet based system does not require CP, so spectrum efficiency is increased. In this paper, I am presenting BER analysis of conventional and wavelet based OFDM in LTE using different modulation techniques like QAM, 4 QAM, 16 QAM, 64 QAM and 256 QAM.


A pronounced anisotropy is observed in the low-temperature mobility of a two-dimensional electron gas formed in an ${\text{In}}_{0.75}{\text{Ga}}_{0.25}\text{As}/{\text{In}}_{0.75}{\text{Al}}_{0.75}\text{As}$ quantum well grown on a GaAs substrate. We show that the mobility differences along [011] and $[01\overline{1}]$ directions are mainly due to In concentration modulations. Spatially resolved photoemission measurements show an asymmetric indium concentration modulation, correlated with the surface morphology observed by atomic force microscopy. A theoretical model considering conduction band energy modulations agrees well with the transport measurements. The identification of this mobility limiting mechanism allowed us to design and grow higher quality two-dimensional electron gases, needed for high indium content InGaAs device fabrication.


The aim of this study was to develop a method for predicting the psychological states of spectators watching professional baseball games at a stadium. This method includes a real time measurement of instantaneous heart rate (i.e., the inverse of the RR interval) without preventing the subject from watching the game and a mathematical procedure used to predict moment by moment psychological states by correlating the degree of a psychological state with the strength of heart rate response, defined as the mean deviation of heart rate variability from a linear regression line from 5 sec before to 25 sec after an event during a baseball game. We recorded the instantaneous heart rates of 10 subjects (total of 27 cases) while they watched Japanese professional baseball games at a stadium and had them subjectively rate the degree of their psychological states in an after-event interview. We identified three psychological states (happiness, excitement, and vigor) whose strength can be predicted from the strength of heart rate response. Analysis of the measured data clarified that heart rate response had a significant correlation with the subjective rating of the intensity of happiness (r = 0.56, p < 0.0001), vigor (r = 0.55, p < 0.0001), and excitement (r = 0.49, p < 0.0001).


Aerial seeding afforestation system were summarized in terms of its planning and design,preparation,operation and post-management.The system involves the selection of area,selection of tree species,quantity of seed,time of seeding,site preparation,seed preparation,preparation review,communication channel establishment,seed treatment,quality examination,mountain closure,beating-up and re-aerial seeding.


As new computer hardware becomes available offering better performance at a lower price, computer accessibility rapidly improves resulting in dramatic changes to society. Planners in business and other organizations need an estimate of future prices and performance to help design their systems or to anticipate the effect of these changes. This paper presents a new set of historical annual data from 1987 to 2010 defining basic price to performance measurements for computer components including processors, hard drives, random access memory, and network interface cards. Two approaches to extrapolating price to performance are evaluated, the industry learning curve and a constant rate of increase implied by Moore's Law. Regression analysis of this new dataset shows long-term, stable improvements in price to performance consistent with Moore's Law provide a very good fit of historical data and a better approach to extrapolating futre price to performance than a learning cuve approach. Practioners can apply basic percentage changes to make reasonable forecasts that may be modified by short-term market fluctuations


A 3700 gram baby delivered vaginally at term. Apgar score was six at one, and seven at five minutes respectively, and then mild respiratory distress with cyanosis was occurred. The patient was transferred to the intensive care unit. Tachydyspnea and cyanosis appeared within 12 hours from delivery. In neurologic examination, only sucking reflex was weak and no other abnormality was detected in physical examination. The infant was hospitalized with the diagnosis of transient tachypnea and suspicion of bacterial sepsis. Also there was a full septic screen; culture of suprapubically aspirated specimens of urine, throat, stool, blood and cerebrospinal fluid, yielded negative results for both bacteria and fungus. Intravenous ampicillin and cefotaxime were administered empirically. After 15 days from delivery focal tonic seizures with eye deviation and progression movement (i.e., pedaling) began, and phenobarbital was administered on the follow up. A cranial computed tomography (CT) was performed. CT demonstrated two abscess like lesions with peripheral edema. One of the lesions was located at the head of the right caudate nucleus, and its diameter was 16 mm. The other one was located at the left capsula interna, and its diameter was 10 mm. Before contrast administration they were poorly circumscribed hypodense lesions. After contrast injection, their contours were enhanced and typical abscess formation was revealed. Their central portions were evaluated to be more hyperdense than bacterial abscesses. Also a subgaleal lesion at the right temporoparietal region, not extending beyond the suture, was evaluated as cephalhematoma (Fig. 1 a-b).


Most of the existing anticancer drugs are very potent small molecules, their efficacy is constrained by their systemic toxicity, narrow therapeutic window, low drug loading, size control, scale up, cost of formulation but also as a result of drug resistance and limited cellular entry. In the last few years, carbon nanotubes have been projected as a promising carrier for many drugs including anticancer agents because of the high surface area and efficient targeting capabilities. The present work is an attempt to investigate the potentialities of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) as a carrier for targeting 6 Mercaptopurine to cancer tissues. MWCNTs were carboxy functionalized and then loaded with 6 Mercaptopurine (6MP) using the Fusion method to produce 6MP loaded CNTs. The conjugate was characterized for drug loading efficiency, in vitro drug release and release kinetics. The result indicated that a maximum of about 65% entrapment was achieved. The loaded nanotubes were shown to release the drug for more than 20 hours and thus controlling the release. The release was found to follow the Zero Order and Hixson Crowell release pattern. Our work established a novel, easy to prepare formulation of MWCNTs with better drug loading efficiency and increased dispersibility of CNTs and thus bioavailability at cancer site with reduced systemic toxicity.


The invention relates to a portland cement-based foamed heat insulation board. The portland cement-based foamed heat insulation board comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-200 parts of portland cement, 10-100 parts of slag powder, 10-150 parts of coal ash, 0-3 parts of stearic acid waterproofing agent, 0.3-1 parts of polypropylene fiber, 0.1-3 parts of wood fiber foam stabilizer, 6-20 parts of hydrogen peroxide and the balance of water. The portland cement-based foamed heat insulation board is obtained by the following steps of: adding water to the portland cement, the ore powder, the coal ash, the waterproofing agent, the fiber and auxiliary materials; uniformly mixing the mixture in a paste shape; and then pouring hydrogen peroxide into the paste; mixing the hydrogen peroxide and the paste; rapidly putting the paste into a mold; naturally leveling the heavy paste mixture; standing the paste for 2-30 minutes to finish the foaming; enabling the paste to reach the strength after 24 hours; and cutting the paste into the formed foamed heat insulation board after curing the paste. The foamed heat insulation board provided by the invention has the advantages of high strength, light mass and low coefficient of thermal conductivity; and because raw materials are industrial and mining wastes as well as cheap materials, the foamed heat insulation board provided by the invention has the advantages of low cost, simplicity for preparation, convenience in construction, capability of replacing polystyrene foamed boards, extruded sheets, heat insulation system slurry granular heat insulation boards and the like as well as suitability for industrial mass production.


An aerodynamic body, with at least one ancillary flap arranged such that it can be moved on the aerodynamic body with the aid of a guide mechanism, and with a drive device for purposes of actuating the ancillary flap, the guide mechanism having a pivotal articulation, by which the ancillary flap is articulated on the aerodynamic body such that it can be extended, and which is arranged in a rear region of the ancillary flap as viewed in the flow direction.


Findings from this book indicate that there is a
role for an evaluation methodology in cultural built
heritage (CBH) conservation decision-making for the
public and private sectors. In this book Community
Impact Evaluation (CIE) has been selected as it
provides for the accounting of tangible and
intangible attributes unique to CBH, often not
equitably accounted. The method also allows the
identification of conflicts providing the framework
for resolution. It is recommended that government
agencies and private developers, for cases involving
protection of the CBH could adopt a CIE. In cases
where government heritage agencies considered that a
development might compromise conservation, a CIE
could be undertaken to identify alternative courses
of action. The project proponent, in the case of a
private development, could undertake the CIE. The
results of these could be used to assist in
developing appropriate avenues for the implementation
of the development. To simplify the CIE process the
use of scoping, used in Environmental Assessment, has
been recommended. This would allow for consideration
of only the significant impacts upon the community
sectors.


. Traditional cavity reinforcement technology is difficult to effectively protect the cavity from damage caused by modern large-yield explosions, and the anti-explosion performance of prestressed anchor cables needs to be improved urgently. The design of a new prestressed high-elastic fully adhesive anchor cable for the enhancement of the anti-explosion effects of the anchor cable is presented in this paper. A constitutive model of the anchor cable is established in FLAC 3D and used to restore an equal scale field anti-explosion test. The reinforcement effects of the new anchor cable are compared with the conventional one's. Results show that the stresses of the anchor cables differ at different locations: the anchor cable at the arch crown of the cavern is the one mainly under pressure with the compressive strain of the new anchor cable reduced by 25 %; while the anchor cable at the arch foot of the cavern is the one mainly under tension and the tensile strain of the new anchor cable is reduced by 26.3 %. The vertical displacement of the arch crown is reduced by 16.2 % with the reinforcement of the new anchor cable. The new anchor cable performs much better on the reinforcement of the cavern than the conventional one in the aspects of stress, strain and displacement, which provides a basis for the design of new anchor cables and their applications in engineering.


The purpose of this research is to examine and analyze the personal awareness and independent attitude mediates entrepreneurship learning on Islamic boarding school students' entrepreneurship interest, the purposes consist of : 1) Analyze of influence entrepreneurship learning has on Islamic boarding school students' entrepreneurship interest, 2) Analyze of personal awareness mediates entrepreneurship learning on the entrepreneurship interest of Islamic boarding school students, 3) Analyze of independent attitude mediates of entrepreneurship learning to entrepreneurship interest of Islamic boarding school students. The method of collecting data used a questionnaire with objects are Annuqayah Islamic Science Institute, Dirosat Islamiyah Al-Amien Institute, Islamic University of Madura, and Al-Khairat Islamic Institute. The analysis of research hypothesis testing uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results showed that variable of entrepreneurship learning had a significant effect on the entrepreneurship interest of Islamic boarding school students, the coefficient value is 0.48 with CR 4.327 and P 0.000. P-value < 0.05, personal awareness mediates entrepreneurship learning on Islamic boarding school students' interest in entrepreneurship, sobel test results obtained at 3.650 above 1.98, and p-value <0.05, then the hypothesis is accepted.


Writing unit into the first sync byte sync byte and a second sync byte sync byte and the two write data into two data of first data and second data and writes it. When the first sync byte pattern is detected, the reading unit demodulates the subsequent first data, second data, and error detection correction code. When the first sync byte pattern SB1 can not be detected by the second sync byte pattern SB2 is detected, the subsequent second data and error detection correction code are demodulated and reconstructed data using a first error detection correction code .


Abstract Background and Aims The global growth of mobile phone use has led to new opportunities for health interventions, including through text messaging. We aimed to estimate the effects of text messaging interventions on alcohol consumption among risky drinkers. Methods Systematic review and meta‐analysis of reports on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English. Searches were conducted on 23 May 2019 in PubMed; PubMed Central; CENTRAL; CDSR; DARE; NHS‐EED; Scopus; PsycINFO; PsycARTICLES; CINAHL; and Web of Science. Measurements included number of episodes of heavy drinking (HED) per month and weekly alcohol consumption (WAC) in grams. Trials among risky drinkers who were not receiving co‐interventions were included in the review (n = 3481, mean age 29 years, 41% female). Data were extracted from reports and authors were contacted for additional data. Results Ten trials were included and all analyses were based on random‐effects models. Primary analyses, including seven trials (n = 2528) for HED and five trials (n = 2236) for WAC, found that the interventions may reduce self‐reported HED [−0.33 episodes per month; 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.79, 0.12] and WAC (−18.62 g per week; 95% CI = −39.61, 2.38), although both estimates included the null. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) quality of evidence was judged to be low for both HED and WAC, primarily due to risk of attrition and performance bias, heterogeneity and influence of pilot trials on estimates. Conclusions Text messaging alcohol interventions may reduce alcohol consumption compared with no or basic health information; however, there are doubts about the overall quality of the evidence.


In recent years,the dynamic compaction replacement(DCR) is widely used to consolidate soft soil foundation for its short period and simple construction and so on.But the reinforcement mechanism of DCR hasn't been well researched;theoretical study is far behind engineering practice;so it is hard to build up the design theory and method.Based on the Haiman expressway project in wetland and by using the finite element method,the mechanism of DCR reinforcing expressway soft roadbed in wetland is studied so as to give some reference to designers.


Systematic reviews are currently in high demand in international development. At least 100 new reviews are ongoing or already completed on a range of topics across the board in international development, many of which were commissioned by policy-making agencies. These new reviews need to be based on answerable questions, using methods of analysis and reporting which are appropriate for social and economic development programmes and relevant to users. This introductory paper lays out why we believe systematic reviews should be an important component of evidence-informed development policy and practice. It concludes by introducing the papers collected in this issue, which aim to demonstrate how reviews can be made to live up to the promises generated around them.


On the analysis of the characteristics of current agricultural scenario in Rural India,we put forward the concept ofa faster andmore efficient solution for soil sampling by the use of Global System of Mobile communication(GSM) for accurate fertilizer recommendation. In this paper, an overview of the challenges faced by the Indian farmers in increasing crop productivity is shown. The working of integrated ISFET(Ion sensitive Field Effect sensorfor measurement of ion concentration ( H+, NO3-, Na+, Ca2+,K+) in the soil is discussed. It is followed by the implementation of electronic prototyping tool, Arduino for interfacing the sensor with the cellular phone along with a brief analysis of GSM connectivity in remote villages. The GSM acts as a mechanism in bridging the gap between the farmer and the Soil testing Laboratory. A case study on the village,VelliangattuPudhur, Erode district, Tamil Nadu has been presented.


Interferograms at different polarisations form the basis of Polarimetric SAR Interferometry (Pol-InSAR), a radar remote sensing technique which uses the coherent combination of interferometric and polarimetric information to characterise and estimate structural parameters of natural and man-made (volume) scatterers. In the frame of the BIOMASS mission Pol-InSAR techniques are used to estimate yearly (top canopy) forest height on a global scale with a spatial resolution of 100 × 100 m2 and with an accuracy of 20-30%. The model based estimation is based on the Pol-InSAR data acquired by BIOMASS: three quad-polarimetric acquisitions (separated by 3 or 4 days from each other, with a constant progression on the order of 40% of the critical baseline) acquired in ascending and in descending geometry twice a year.


Disclosed is a winding emergency lowering apparatus, comprising a mobile pump station (1) and a lowering integrated control valve group (2). The mobile pump station (1) comprises a manual reversing valve (11), a first overflow valve (12), and a pressure gauge (13), a gear pump (14), a prime motor (15) and a hydraulic oil tank (16). The lowering integrated control valve group (2) comprises a throttle valve (21), a check valve (22), a balance valve (23) and a second overflow valve (24). The apparatus can implement winding emergency lowering control, and meanwhile implements functions of start buffering control and anti-explosion control. The apparatus is highly integrated, has a simple structure and low cost, and is easy to transport and maintain. Also disclosed is a crane comprising the winding emergency lowering apparatus.


Purpose Esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB) is a type of rare malignant neoplasm of the sinonasal cavity. Optimal treatment for ENB is still controversial. A retrospective study was conducted to identify the clinical outcome and optimal treatment for ENB in the era of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Patients and Methods Between December 2006 and August 2018, 37 patients with ENB without distant metastasis who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by chemoradiotherapy (C+RC) or surgery followed by radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy (S+R/RC) were retrospectively reviewed at our center. Results The median follow-up period was 63.7 months (range, 13.2–111.5 months). Five-year overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), locoregional relapse-free survival (LRFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) were similar between treatment arms (P values > 0.05). With a multivariate analysis, a Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) of ≤80 was a prognostic factor for poor five-year OS. A KPS of ≤80 and Kadish class C–D tumors were prognostic factors for poor PFS. A KPS of ≤80 was a prognostic factor for poor LRFS. When KPS was ≤80 and tumors were Kadish class C–D, T3–4 and N1 were prognostic factors for poor DMFS. Subgroup analyses also demonstrated that the two treatment arms exhibited similar trends for OS, PFS, LRFS, and DMFS, excluding patients with N1 or Kadish class A–B tumors (P values > 0.05). Conclusion In the era of IMRT, S+R/RC failed to improve the outcomes of patients with ENB. C+RC may be a feasible treatment option for patients with ENB.


This appendix presents the theory for minimum mean-squared-error selection of the trimming fractile kT,h in the special case where ytyt−h has a symmetric distribution for h 6= 0 (Section B). It also contains details on the robust Whittle estimator (Section C), the omitted proofs of Theorems 2.3 and 3.3 (Section D), and omitted tables (Section E). Let γ̃T,h be the quantity used in practice for centering:


Agent-based simulation (ABS) is a powerful tool to analyze the behavior of agents interacting with each other. Many simulations contain a large number of agents or re¬quire multiple executions with different parameters, making the simulation-based experimentation slow. In recent years, graphics processing units (GPUs) have proven to be a powerful platform for accelerating ABS. In this paper, we propose several novel techniques to further improve the efficiency of GPU-based ABS. Our techniques reduce the total amount of computation in ABS, improve memory access patterns, and exploit temporal locality to minimize redundant calculations. Furthermore, the optimizations can be implemented as a layer on top of existing simulators, as we demonstrate by modifying the popular GPU-based simulator FLAME. We perform experiments using the Boids and Social Force simulations, and show that our techniques improve overall performance by up to 3.2× and 2.1× respectively compared to the original FLAME.


In recent years, evidence has emerged that readers may have access to the meaning of complex words even in the
 early stages of processing, suggesting that phenomena previously attributed to morphological decomposition may actually emerge
 from an interplay between formal and semantic effects. The present study adds to this line of work by deploying a forward masked
 priming experiment with both L1 (Experiment 1) and L2 (Experiment 2) speakers of English. Following recent research trends, we
 view morphological processing as a gradient process emerging over time. In order to model this, we used a large within-item
 stimulus design combined with advanced statistical methods such as generalised mixed models (GAMM) and quantile regression (QGAM).
 L1 GAMM analyses only showed priming for true morpho-semantic relations (the identity 'bull', inflected 'bulls' and derived
 conditions 'bullish'), with no priming observed in the case of other relations (the pseudo-complex 'bully' or the stem-embedded
 'bullet' conditions). Furthermore, with respect to the time-course of effects, we found significant differences between conditions
 were present from very early on as revealed by the QGAM analyses. In contrast, L2 speakers showed significant facilitation across
 all five conditions compared to the baseline condition, including the stem-embedded condition, suggesting early L2 processing is
 only dependant on the form.


ABSTRACT This short article explores some of the implications which the UK's departure from the EU will have on the realm of EU-wide information and intelligence sharing. Reflecting on the significant role of the UK in this field so far, the article argues that there remains a strong wish on both sides to continue collaboration in this crucial domain of security provision. The article outlines the emergence of an ever closer network of information and intelligence sharing across EU institutions and with national agencies of EU member states. If the UK leaves the EU according to a 'hard Brexit' scenario, transnational cooperation between British agencies and EU partners will be more fragile, ad hoc and less accountable.


Urine collection from fish is an integral part of metabolic studies designed to measure the excretion of various biochemical compounds. The techniques developed for urine collection in salmonids cannot be applied to gadoid fish due to the anatomical differences in their urinary system. The anterior ureter of haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus L.) is an elongated duct that originates from the anterior part of the trunk kidney and courses dorsal-posterior to the region of the uropore. The posterior ureter originates from the middle of the caudal kidney, and eventually fuses with the anterior ureter before forming a small urinary bladder. After the two ureters join together, a short common duct empties into the urinary bladder and terminates at the uropore behind the anus. Just before the end, the terminal posterior ureter takes a sharp U-shaped turn, which makes cannulation difficult. We investigated the development of a cannulation technique for urine collection in three different-sized groups of juvenile haddock. In anaesthetized fish, a catheter was inserted in the uropore in a posterior direction to follow the U-shaped course of the ureter. After insertion of the catheter into the uropore, the externalized segment of tubing was connected to a needle attached to a syringe. Urine was then aspirated from each of the 20 fish at 15 μL min−1 for 5 min to measure urine volume and urinary phosphate concentration. The results were reproducible and this cannulation technique has potential for use in other gadoid metabolic studies.


The utility model relates to a mould integrating pre-bending and punching, which comprises a base, a lower die arranged on the base, an upper die matched with the lower die and a punching device connected with the upper die; the upper die and the lower die are provided with pre-bending moulds and punching moulds embedded in the pre-bending moulds, when the upper die and the lower die are assembled, the pre-bending moulds and the punching moulds act at the same time. Through the redesign on the mould structure, the two technologies are integrated into one, so that the energy-saving and efficiency-improving effects are extremely obvious, simultaneously, and due to the technology, the parameters can be adjusted appropriately according to needs, and can-surface products with different pre-bendings and punchings can be produced.


The methods for load calculation of the nippling lever rotation reducer and movement mechanism reducer are proposed according to forging manipulator's actual working characteristics.The relevant design of reduction box is discussed.The applied cases and precautions are introduced.


Objective To investigate the relationship between activati on of microglia and damage of nerve cell DNA (mainly apoptosis) following intracer ebral hemorrhage(ICH).Methods ICH was induced in rats using ste reotactic infusion autologous blood into the caudate nucleus.The animals were ra ndomly divided into hemorrhage group and sham operation group.TUNEL method was u sed to detect apoptosis and immunohistochemistry staining to evaluate the expres sion of microglia in cerebral tissues at different time points.Results After 6 hours,TUNEL-positive cells appeared in the ICH model and were p resent for more than 1 week after ICH,peaked at 3d.Microglia expression preceded apoptosis.It raised obviously at 6h,peaking at 2d and declined thereafter.The e xpression of microglia was positively correlated with apoptotic cells(r=0.718, P0.05).Conclusion The activation of microglia may lead to damage of nerve cell DNA following intracer ebral hemorrhage.


Effects of bio-organic fertilizer on the yield of Chuzhou Chrysanthemum and microflora in soil under continuous cropping cultivation were studied by a field plot experiment. The results showed that the yield of Chuzhou chrysanthemum rose to 356 kilograms per 667 m2by increasing 200 kilograms bio-organic fertilizer application per 667 m2, and the rate of increasing yield was 50.4% compared with the control treatment which applied with common chemical fertilizer. Moreover, the amount of total microorganisms in soil increased slightly with applied bio-organic fertilizer, but the increasing rate was not obvious, meanwhile, the amount of Fusarium oxysporum in soil descended significantly. The amount of Fusarium oxysporum in soil amended with the addition of an extra 200 kilograms bio-organic fertilizer per 667 m2was only 15.7% of the control.


Thank you for reading basic mathematics for technical occupations. As you may know, people have search hundreds times for their favorite books like this basic mathematics for technical occupations, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they cope with some malicious virus inside their laptop. basic mathematics for technical occupations is available in our book collection an online access to it is set as public so you can get it instantly. Our book servers spans in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the basic mathematics for technical occupations is universally compatible with any devices to read.


The present invention addresses the problem of providing: a modified sheet-like inorganic compound which is produced by a surface treatment with a phosphonic acid or phosphoric acid derivative that enables the provision of a water vapor barrier material having high water vapor barrier performance and adhesiveness and also having excellent transparency; and a resin composition containing the modified sheet-like inorganic compound.
The problem can be solved by treating the surface of a sheet-like inorganic compound with a phosphonic acid or phosphoric acid derivative substituted by a group selected from a linear alkyl or alkenyl group having 4 to 30 carbon atoms, a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group, a linear alkyl or alkenyl group which has 1 to 30 carbon atoms and may have an aromatic group, an aromatic group, and a cyclic alkyl or alkenyl group which has 4 to 30 carbon atoms and may have a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group or an aromatic group.


This issue contributes to the study of "learning difficulties" for students of Regency of Pharmacy Technology, associated with the learning of pharmacology, particularly related to mental capacity (M) of the students and the demand (Z) of the task and others. This investigation was based on the concepts of learning disabilities, mental capacity of human beings, the demand of the task and issues pertaining to cognitive theory, proposed by Kempa (1991), Johnstone and El-Banna (1986) and Pascual-Leone (1971). The research was conducted with 15 students of Regency of Pharmacy Technology in the National Open and Distance University, UNAD, who attended during the 2009 - II period, in the course of Pharmacology. Standard instruments were used, as test on figures of intersection, the test of the digits reversed and the test of teaching and learning styles of Grasha - Riechmann. The results showed no learning difficulties arising from the relationship style of teaching- learning styles, or forceful in what happens with the relation M - Z. Nevertheless, it was found that some students develop strategies to properly address different questions and thus improve their grades. Also, it was found that external and internal factors, different from the relationship M-Z, as possible factors that hinder the learning of pharmacology topics.


Although the issue of racial disparities (black vs. white) in sentencing outcomes has received considerable research attention, comparatively little research has considered the question of ethnic disparity (Hispanic vs. white). To fill that void, this study uses calendar year 1989 data collected and distributed by the United States Sentencing Commission to examine the sentence outcomes of Hispanic and black offenders compared to white offenders convicted of violating federal drug laws. After controlling for legally relevant factors, socioeconomic factors, and legal contextual factors, it was found that blacks convicted of cocaine offenses and Hispanics convicted of cocaine and marijuana offenses were sentenced more harshly than white offenders.


The article is dedicated to the memory of Lyudmila Glebovna Borisova, Winner of the Lenin Komsomol Prize, Doctor of Sociological Sciences, who made an invaluable contribution to the study of the problems of socialization of young people and the professional community of teachers. The authors of the article, employees of the UNIL "Sociology of Public Education" describe the results of cooperation with the scientific school of L.G. Borisova in the research project "Social quality of Russian youth on the threshold of the XXI century". This project was multi-stage in nature. The first stage dates back to the end of the 90s of the 20th century, the second stage took place in 2005–2007, the third stage – in 2010. The ideas laid down by the head of the first stage of the project – Professor, Doctor of Sociological Sciences Lyudmila Glebovna Borisova, were reflected at all stages of the project. The experience gained as a result of participation in a major project is important for the employees of the laboratory "Sociology of Public Education". The lessons of the work in this project continue to influence the development and conduct of sociological research in the laboratory. The article shows further directions of research of the UNIL "Sociology of Public Education", the beginning of which was determined by the project, the spiritual inspiration of which was L.G. Borisova. Collections of materials are presented, in which the results of joint sociological studies of the social quality of youth are published.


This paper deals with the concept of cyber intelligence and its components as a fundamental tool for the protection of information today. After that, the main cyber-intelligence frameworks that are currently applied worldwide (Diamond Model, Cyberkill Chain, and Mitre Att&ck) are described to subsequently analyse them through their practical application in a real critical cyber incident, as well as analyse the strengths and weaknesses of each one of them according to the comparison of seventeen variables of interest. From this analysis and considering the two actions mentioned, it is concluded that Mitre Att&ck is the most suitable framework due to its flexibility, permanent updating, and the existence of a powerful database. Finally, an explanation is given for how Mitre Att&ck can be integrated with the research and application of artificial intelligence in the achievement of the objectives set and the development of tools that can serve as support for the detection of the patterns and authorship of cyberattacks.


Design innovation is a core part of the national creativity. ICSID defines that the industrial design is kind of creative activity and aims to build multi-aspect quality for articles, processes, services and the system constituted by them in the entire life cycle. Industrial structure refers to the link and proportional relation between all industries and their compositions, which is a key determinant of economic growth mode, and a significant symbol of measuring the development level of national economy and reflecting the overall quality of national economy. Therefore, the design innovation constitutes an important support to speed up the transformation of economic growth mode, promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, improve international competitiveness, and step up economic development. In this paper, the interactive relationship between the development of design industry and industrial structure is discussed, from the internal mechanism and ways of the design to influence the upgrading of industrial structure, the impact of the industrial structure upgrading on design; and then the constraints of the traditional Chinese industrial structure on design development, and finally opportunities brought by the current adjustment of China's industrial structure to design. Four main problems existing in the sustainable development of the modern agriculture are found: firstly, we are in urgent need of expanding agricultural production field and promoting the sustainable development of modern agriculture while resolving the surplus labor brought by urbanization; secondly, the manufacturing industry is still located at the bottom of global industrial chain, and the added value of products is low; meanwhile, our investment in industrial R&D is not enough, technical innovative ability is poor, and the industrialization is not finished yet; thirdly, the percentage of tertiary industry is too low, and the industrial structure needs adjustment; lastly, the regional economic development is not balanced, and economies in Midwest, East, North and South are in dire need of rational distribution and harmonious development. Moreover, the adjustment of China's industrial structure based on design service is discussed, and from the macroscopic perspective it proposes to involve design in national industrial policies and strategies, cooperate with relevant departments and industries, and explore the development mode of China's economic development and industrial structure; give a play to the role of design industry; apply design services to modern agriculture, enhance the value of agricultural products, and change the production and operation modes of traditional agriculture; adjust the industrial structure, apply design to lift the industrial level and technical level, push the development of manufacturing industry and build the core competitiveness of manufacturing industry; adopt design to step up the innovation of service products and service modes, promote the integration between productive service industry and advanced manufacturing industry, drive the accelerated development of productive service industry, and make the design industry become the key engine of modern service industry; it also proposes to adopt design to promote the adjustment of regional economic structure, develop service design, formulate local development strategies, and promote the rational layout and harmonious development of regional economy. In this way, the design service will promote the optimization and upgrading of China's industrial structure, in turn, the upgrading of industrial structure is bound to enhance the design ability and level.


In order to improve the reconstruction efficiency of the RICH, an upgrade is under development [2]. The experience gained with the first physics runs has, in fact, shown that a trigger rate of 100 kHz and a single channel rate of 5 MHz should be sustained in order to reach optimal performance. These tight requirements can be achieved by detecting the photons produced in the sensitive volume by photomultiplier tubes equipped with fast read-out electronics. The granularity of the system demands the use of compact multi-anode photomultipliers (MPT). The increased event rate that the system has to cope with has motivated the development of a new front end (FE) ASIC. This chip will replace the MAD-4 [3] presently used in the read-out of the RICH-I.


This study investigates the cultural nature of teaching. It compares a sample of 39 videotaped Italian mathematics lessons to German, Japanese, and U.S. lessons videotaped in TIMSS. This study expands on earlier work that was based on a smaller sample; analysis is also extended to the nature of the mathematical content presented. The results confirm the existence of an Italian cultural pattern for mathematics teaching, whose features we outline here. Italian teachers prefer whole-class instruction to individual seatwork; they engage in teacher talk/demonstration to transmit information; and they often call on students to solve problems at the board before the rest of the class. Italian lessons are characterized by the inclusion of a large number of mathematical principles and properties. These are explained 50% of the time, and simply stated the rest of the time. This study adds yet another perspective from which mathematics teaching can be studied, and, by acknowledging the difficulty to change cultural practices, it offers practical implications for teacher learning.


Preface: Author Biographies and Acknowledgements. A History of Science and Parenting Advice. Sleep and its Controversies. Breastfeeding vs. Bottle: Dilemmas in Infant Nutrition. Diet Dilemmas and Childhood Obesity. The "Mozart Effect," Baby Einsteins, and Other Media-related Myth Information. Understanding and Dealing with Temperament. Medical Decisions for the Faint of Heart. What Goes in Must Come Out: Medical Perspectives on Toilet Training. How to Discipline Your Child. Violence in the Media. Parents' Psychological Health: Effects on Children. Your Child's Psychological Health: Nurturing Strengths and Handling Problems. Neuropsychology for Parents: ADHD and Head Injuries. Parenting Adolescents: Handling the Transitions from Childhood to Adulthood. Children, Family Structure, and Life Choices. Who's Minding the Children? References.


The function f : F2 → F2 is k-linear if it returns the sum (over F2) of exactly k coordinates of its input. We introduce strong lower bounds on the query complexity for testing whether a function is k-linear. We show that for any k ≤ n 2 , at least k−o(k) queries are required to test k-linearity, and we show that when k ≈ n 2 , this lower bound is nearly tight since 4 3 k+o(k) queries are sufficient to test k-linearity. We also show that non-adaptive testers require 2k − o(k) queries to test k-linearity. Our results improve known lower bounds on the query complexity of a number of property testing problems: juntas, sparse polynomials, small decision trees, and functions with low Fourier degree. Our lower bounds also give new results in testing function isomorphism and the characterization of the query complexity for testing properties of linear functions.


The origins of the principles of gestalt theory in Kandinsky's book, Point and Line to Plane, first published in 1925 [1], have been subjected to considerable investigation. L. D. Ettlinger concluded that Kandinsky had been inspired by the writings of the early gestalt psychologists [2], while, on the other hand, Paul Overy concluded that the publications on Gestalttheorie that had appeared in the twenties contain only confirmed ideas worked out earlier by Kandinsky [3]. Thus, the historical problem is to determine if Kandinsky synthesized his gestalt principles from writings published prior to Point and Line to Plane or if he conceived these


In Warring-States period,Mencius saw that people suffered in the wars contending for the power hegemony,and he was going on Confucius' opinion of policy of benevolence and kingly way.In order to bring it into effect,he debated with every school.His debate was very powerful,and it contained rich logical thought.However,because his debates mainly serviced for his opinions of politic and ethics and the Confucian school's tradition excessively paid close attention to reality,this made Mencius lack of thought to logical form and made his debates fill with quibble and sophistry.


The concept of the subcarrier multiplexed broadband service network (SCM-BSN) has been developed in response to the need to provide low-cost integrated broad-band services in the local loop. The SCM-BSN architecture incorporates three elements which have been identified over the past few years as key cost-saving features: passive optical splitting, fiber-to-the-curb, and subcarrier multiplexing of video signals. This paper introduces the SCM-BSN concept, describes a prototype system that has been built at GTE Laboratories, and describes some possible evolutionary scenarios to integrated digital services. While the SCM-BSN prototype system has been designed to provide voice, data, and switched video services using FM-video modulation, the BSN design has been structured to provide for a graceful evolution to other broad-band services including HDTV, digital video, and integrated broad-band services based on ATM transmission. Because of its potentially low-cost and flexibility, SCM-BSN is attractive for local loop services.


In this paper, possible benefits of combining the two frameworks in the robust control are discussed. In particular, it is shown that the well-known absolute stability criterion by Zames-Falb (1968) for systems with monotonic nonlinearities (in particular, for systems with saturation) can be improved by using the magnitude bounds derived from the "L1" theory. In conjunction with this result, a lower bound of the Zames-Falb stability margin is derived, by using a duality approach. In the second part of the paper, it is shown how the analysis of the worst case output error magnitude of nonlinear uncertain systems (robust performance in the "L1" setting) can be improved by using the known absolute stability ("L2") techniques.


Increasingly, patients with atrial fibrillation are cardioverted after only a brief period of anticoagulation if no thrombi are seen on transesophageal


The history of British Catholic involvement in the First World War is a curiously neglected subject, particularly in view of the massive and ongoing popular and academic interest in the First World War, an interest which has led to the publication of several studies of the impact of the war on Britain's Protestant churches and has even seen a recent work on religion in contemporary France appear in an English translation. Moreover, and bearing in mind the partisan nature of much denominational history, the subject has been ignored by Catholic historians despite the fact that the war has often been regarded by non-Catholics as a 'good' war for British Catholicism, an outcome reflected in a widening diffusion of Catholic influences on British religious life and also in a significant number of conversions to the Catholic Church. However, if some standard histories of Catholicism in England are to be believed, the popular Catholic experience of these years amount to no more than an irrelevance next to the redrawing of diocesan boundaries and the codification of canon law.


In Japanese riparian habitats, invasion by alien plants constitutes one of the most serious threats to biodiversity through the displacement of native plants. This paper presents a list of "invasive alien plant species" in Japanese riparian habitats. Invasive alien species, defined here as dominant or codominant species in certain plant communities, can be categorized as "agricultural weeds," "revegetation species," or "aquacultural species." In riparian areas, the category of agricultural weeds contains significantly more invasive alien species than would be expected by chance. The same result was found for introduced revegetation species. To prevent the introduction of new invaders into riparian areas, appropriate alien plant management is needed for both natural habitats and agricultural areas of the catchments. The use of alien pasture species for revegetation or control of soil erosion should be avoided in order to conserve biodiversity and native ecosystems.


A diode-side-pumped ZnSe:Cr{sup 2+} laser was operated with a 75 - Watt peak power 1.65 {micro}m InGaAsP/InP pump array. The laser was configured with a ``single-bounce`` architecture to maximize its round-trip gain. Peak output powers of {approx}0.3 Watt were obtained with a 10% - transmitting output coupler and a lightly-doped crystal. The estimated ``mode fill`` of {approx}0.06 will increase with Cr{sup 2+} concentration, raising the output power and extraction efficiency. With a grating tuner and MgF{sub 2}:Co{sup 2+} laser pumping, the laser tuned throughout the 2134 - 2799 nm range.


This strategic assessment of the potential for the production of alfalfa in Guano River basin, whose main objective is to inform the producer and agencies the current potential of alfalfa production in the area and put them on interest of promoting policies, plans, programs and projects in order to take advantage of it as an opportunity for economic advancement for those wishing to practice this activity.


THE IMPORTANCE OF KANT'S CONCEPT of the highest complete good is a controversial point among Kant scholars and those with an interest in the relationship between morality and religion. An assessment of the importance of the highest good is related to an understanding of its role or function in Kant's interpretation of morality. Silber argues that the highest good obligates one "to strive for the realization of happiness in proportion to virtue in the lives of all men, ''* to, as Wood puts it, "establish a good world. ''~ In this view, the highest good represents Kant's attempt to go beyond the formal injunctions of the moral law to the inclusion of a material content, to, in other words, complete the analysis of morality of which the moral law is the first and merely formal part. The concept of the highest good, in this view, is of central importance in Kant's analysis. Beck, on the other hand, argues that the highest good does not command us to do anything that we are not already commanded to do by the moral law? This view understands the highest good to offer no enlargement of one's moral responsibilities beyond those which are expressed in the moral law. It is judged, therefore, that the highest good is of no importance in Kant's analysis of morality for it neither extends the sphere of moral obligation nor clarifies the structure of moral reasoning. In this view, recently


We previously reported that hepatocytes exhibit a reversible suppression of respiration during prolonged hypoxia (PO2 = 20 torr for 3–5 h). Also, isolated bovine heart cytochrome c oxidase undergoes a reversible decrease in apparent V max when incubated under similar conditions. This study sought to link the hypoxia-induced changes in cytochrome oxidase to the inhibition of respiration seen in intact cells. Hepatocytes incubated at PO2 = 20 torr exhibited decreases in respiration and increases in [NAD(P)H] after 2–3 h that were reversed upon reoxygenation (PO2 = 100 torr). Respiration during hypoxia was also inhibited whenN,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (0.5 mm) and ascorbate (5 mm) were used to reduce cytochrome c, suggesting that cytochrome oxidase was partially inhibited. Similarly, liver submitochondrial particles revealed a 44% decrease in the apparent V maxof cytochrome oxidase after hypoxic incubation. In hepatocytes loaded with tetramethylrhodamine ethyl ester (10 nm) to quantify mitochondrial membrane potential, acute hypoxia (<30 min) produced no change in fluorescence, consistent with the absence of an acute change in respiration. However, fluorescence increased during acute reoxygenation after prolonged hypoxia, suggesting an increase in potential. The control exhibited by NADH over mitochondrial respiration was not altered during hypoxia. Thus, changes in theV max of cytochrome oxidase during prolonged hypoxia correlate with the changes in respiration and mitochondrial potential. This suggests that the oxidase functions as an oxygen sensor in the intact hepatocyte.


T HI s article offers a new reconstruction of population movements in the Horn of Africa, in the light both of recent revisions in the chronology of the Somali and the Galla and of recent scepticism concerning Miji Kendal legends of origin in Shungwaya. It is suggested that Hawiya and preHawiya2 Somali from around Merca expanded both to the west and to the south, gaining control over much of the area between the Juba and Tana rivers, long before the Galla ever came to the coast. In the process of this expansion the pre-Hawiya found Bantu-speaking groups to be their main rivals for control over grazing areas, and it is suggested that it was Somali pressure which initially caused the northernmost Bantu-speaking groups to retreat to the river Tana. At a later date, perhaps in the sixteenth century, the Galla themselves moved towards the coast, not along the river Juba, as is generally assumed, but along the Tana much further to the south. It is also suggested that the Galla drove the Miji Kenda down to the Sabaki river and then dislodged the Somali from the Juba/Tana region. This Galla onslaught eventually spent itself; perhaps they overextended themselves. At all events, in the eighteenth century the Somali began to move south once more, until by the i 86os the Galla had lost control over the area between the Juba and the Tana rivers, just as hundreds of years before they had wrested control over the same area from the Somali. This picture contradicts some long-held views and also modifies a number of recent interpretations. Until quite recently it was generally supposed that the Galla were the earliest known ethnic group to have


The reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) is an important parameter for calculating crop water requirement. Based on meteorological data of nearly 50 years from 6 meteorological stations in Hangjiahu area, the reference crop evapotranspiration is calculated by using the Penman-Monteith method recommended by Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations (FAO). By using Geographical Information System (GIS) spatial analysis function, the maps of reference crop evapotranspiration with meteorological parameters used in the analysis are obtained by inverse distance weighted interpolation method. The results show that the mean values of ET0 range from 811.2 to 1039.9 mm, and it decreases from eastern to western of the study area. ET0 values of the plain area are higher than that of the mountain area, which shows the same pattern as the spatial distribution trend of temperature trend.


Research related schema matching has been conducted since last decade. Few approach related schema matching has been conducted with various methods such as neuron network, feature selection, constrain based, instance based, linguistic, and so on. Some field used schema matching as basic model such as e-commerce, e-business and data warehousing. Implementation of linguistic approach itself has been used a long time with various problem such as to calculated entity similarity values in two or more schemas. The purpose of this paper was to provide an overview of previous studies related to the implementation of the linguistic approach in the schema matching and finding gap for the development of existing methods. Futhermore, this paper focused on measurement of similarity in linguistic approach in schema matching.


This research done at first semester students of English Department Widya Gama Mahakam Samarinda aimed at finding out whether or not magic and fairy tale dice can game improve students' ability in producing a better narrative text. The research was classroom action research. This research employed classroom action research in the forms descriptive quantitative design. Data were obtained by giving test to the first semester students of English department of Widya Gama Mahakam University before and after the lecture using magic and fairy tale dice. The instruments that were used to collect the data were test as a main instrument and observation checklist as second instrument. The test was used to know students ability in writing narrative text before and after the lecture implementing the use of magic and fairy tale dice. The findings of this study show that, magic and fairy tale dice can be incorporated in writing narrative text. The students can catch the idea because the game will stimulate the imaginations of students. Using magic and fairy tale dice game can be a new atmosphere for the students who have not been taught using a new game before. After the students motivate to study the material, it will revive their imagination to create a narrative text. Keywords—Magic and fairy tale dice game; writing; narrative


By the 1960s, consumer habits focused on the freedom of selfrealisation, independence and the spending of leisure time became solid values in American culture. Values related to sexuality went through dramatic changes and erotics became part of mass culture as magazines designed for men were introduced onto the market. Playboy magazine, the pioneer of a new segment of the printed press, was born in this environment. Read by masses of people, this magazine had a very strong influence on public life in the second half of the twentieth century, and also served as a model for new lifestyle magazines launched onto the gradually expanding publishing market. If we consider the changes taking place in society as being key to its overwhelming success, then the magazine and the set of values represented by it can be subject to scientific investigation. The purpose of this study is to prove the existence of this correlation by comparing the sociological characteristics of two societies situated in different geographic locations at different times.


This work presents an experimental approach and the results of preliminary measurements of the light barrier properties of shading fabrics (blackouts). Based on literature it can be stated that there is a lack of requirements for fabrics with barrier features against sunlight. Woven blackouts which obtain shading properties through their structure need the development of objective methods, measurement indicators, and assessment criteria. Research was conducted on six woven blackouts, commonly used in public buildings as curtains. According to the conventional method, the level of transmittance evaluated was confirmed. All samples feature very good protection against visual radiation (VIS). However the subjective interpretation contributed to the discovery of differences between the samples. The questions raised are as follows: What differences are acceptable? How to qualify blackout fabrics properly? To demonstrate the ineffectiveness of the standard method, computer image analysis was used.


A method for an electronic receiver for processing a packet of a hybrid system with peticionautomatica repeat - HARQ - characterized by: receiving (steps 110a, 110b) a first packet transmission, wherein the first transmission includes unaprimera plurality of soft symbol values that They are a subset of the total number desimbolos in the packet, determining (steps 130a, 130b) if the first plurality of soft symbol values meets one criterion deparada; YSI is determined that the first plurality of soft symbol values does not meet the stop criterion: determining (steps 140a, 140b) a subset of the first plurality of soft symbol values, where the subset includes a number of soft symbol values of the first plurality of valoresde soft symbols, where that number is greater than zero and less than the first plurality; stored (steps 150a, 150b) the subset of the first plurality of soft symbol values in unamemoria intermediate HARQ; receiving (steps 160a , 160b) a second packet transmission, wherein the second transmission includes unasegunda plurality of soft symbol values which are a further subset of totalde number symbols in the packet, wherein the second plurality includes some of the symbols primerapluralidad of symbol values soft with some symbols package not included in laprimera plurality of values soft symbols; ycombinar (steps 170a, 170b) the second plurality of soft symbol values with subconjuntoalmacenado of the first plurality of soft symbol values to generate a third plurality of Securities combined soft symbol.


Structural deterioration is a major and inevitable complication of bioprosthetic heart valves. So far, a repeat surgery has been the only practical treatment option available for patients with hemodynamically significant bioprosthetic valve dysfunction. However, the exceedingly successful emergence of transcatheter aortic valve replacement therapy for native aortic valve disease has paved way for its extension to failed bioprosthetic valves also. Initially adopted for aortic bioprosthesis, this technique has now been successfully used for failed mitral bioprosthetic valves as well. This review summarizes the technical aspects and current evidence related to transcatheter mitral valve-in-valve procedures for failed mitral bioprosthetic valves.


Human Activity Classification with Miniature Inertial Sensors Orkun Tunçel M.S. in Electrical and Electronics Engineering Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Billur Barshan July 2009 This thesis provides a comparative study on activity recognition using miniature inertial sensors (gyroscopes and accelerometers) and magnetometers worn on the human body. The classification methods used and compared in this study are: a rule-based algorithm (RBA) or decision tree, least-squares method (LSM), k-nearest neighbor algorithm (k-NN), dynamic time warping (DTW1 and DTW-2), and support vector machines (SVM). In the first part of this study, eight different leg motions are classified using only two single-axis gyroscopes. In the second part, human activities are classified using five sensor units worn on different parts of the body. Each sensor unit comprises a tri-axial gyroscope, a tri-axial accelerometer and a tri-axial magnetometer. Different feature sets extracted from the raw sensor data and these are used in the classification process. A number of feature extraction and reduction techniques (principal component analysis) as well as different cross-validation techniques have been implemented and compared. A performance comparison of these classification methods is provided in terms of their correct differentiation rates, confusion matrices, pre-processing and training times and classification times. Among the classification techniques we have considered and implemented, SVM, in general,


DOI: 10.14684/intertech.13.2014.437-441 In this paper we present the process of running a project whose main function is to trigger electronic devices automatically so programmed using PIC microcontroller. The working system operates so that the controls are set the hours and minutes desired for the electronics is triggered. The design can be used in various electronic devices such as alarms, air conditioners, lamps ... The system is activated by a relay actuator and has a voltage regulator. The board has a display for viewing the time, being easy teaching. The project was built with components studied in the semester in which applies Electronics I, thereby making the students can easily assimilate the operation.


To unravel the star formation process, we present a multi-scale and multi-wavelength study of the filamentary infrared dark cloud (IRDC) G333.73+0.37, which hosts previously known two H ii regions located at its center. Each H ii region is associated with a mid-infrared source, and is excited by a massive OB star. Two filamentary structures and a hub-filament system (HFS) associated with one H ii region are investigated in absorption using the Spitzer 8.0 μm image. The 13CO(J = 2–1) and C18O(J = 2–1) line data reveal two velocity components (around −35.5 and −33.5 km s−1) toward the IRDC, favouring the presence of two filamentary clouds at different velocities. Nonthermal (or turbulent) motions are depicted in the IRDC using the C18O line data. The spatial distribution of young stellar objects (YSOs) identified using the VVV near-infrared data traces star formation activities in the IRDC. Low-mass cores are identified toward both the H ii regions using the ALMA 1.38 mm continuum map. The VLT/NACO adaptive-optics L′-band images show the presence of at least three point-like sources and the absence of small-scale features in the inner 4000 AU around YSOs NIR31 and MIR 16 located toward the H ii regions. The H ii regions and groups of YSO are observed toward the central part of the IRDC, where the two filamentary clouds intersect. A scenario of cloud-cloud collision or converging flows in the IRDC seems to be applicable, which may explain star formation activities including HFS and massive stars.