Background Visual recognition of alteration in the skin color depends upon the contrast between altered areas and their surrounding background color. The maximum contrast in vitiligo exists in dark-complexioned patients between depigmented white patches and unaffected background dark skin. On the other hand, hypopigmented and even depigmented lesions may not be easily recognizable in fair skin due to less contrast. Wood's light examination becomes essential in such cases for better recognition and definition of the lesions. Despite its established role, the exact added value of using Wood's light in recognition of vitiligo lesions has not been previously studied. Objective To verify the differential perception of vitiligo lesions between the patient and the dermatologist compared with the gold-standard detection by Wood's lamp. Patients and methods This multicenter cross-sectional study included 200 vitiligo patients. The distribution and surface area of their facial lesions were delineated and measured as perceived by the patient, and by the dermatologist in standardized regular light and using Wood's lamp. Results Lesional surface area as perceived by the patient and the dermatologist in regular light did not differ significantly (P=0.137), while lesions delineated under Wood's lamp were significantly larger than both (P<0.001 in both instances), due to the detection of new clinically invisible lesions and/or invisible extensions to clinically visible lesions. The presence of these subclinical lesions was not related to Fitzpatrick's skin phototype, vitiligo clinical type, duration, or activity score. Conclusion Subclinical lesions represent a new addition to the current spectrum of vitiligo presentations. Their detection in the current study depended solely on Wood's light examination; hence, its use should be integral to vitiligo patient assessment. Pointing out these lesions to the patient is essential for proper application of local medications.


A study was conducted in patients studying family forms with multiple sclerosis in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra. The study included 3 families in which there were 6 patients with a reliable diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, in each of which there were differences in incidence in different age groups and having a certain type of inheritance of multiple sclerosis.


Modern-day revolution is brought on by cryptocurrencies. Both the terms cryptocurrency & currency describe means of exchanging goods & services. In system that uses cryptocurrencies, every transaction is preprogrammed. Underlying blockchain technology governs transactions by using consensus mechanisms, hash algorithms, and public and private key encryption, doing away with the need for user to have faith in the counterparty. In this study, impact of macro-factors on bitcoin in Pakistan was examined. The relevance of this study is that the majority of people are ignorant of bitcoin to spread awareness of bitcoin and how to use them among the general audience. The macroeconomic indicators (GDP, INF, Exchange, & Gold) were monitored on a quarterly basis between JAN 2016 and DEC 2021. The E-view program and numerous tests on secondary data were also used in this inquiry. In Pakistan, there is no long-term link. Bitcoin's short-term relationships with Pakistan's GDP, INF, ER, and gold. In short term, there is a link between bitcoin and the exchange rate.


In Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, gastric, duodenal, and jejunal ulcers are associated with gastrinsecreting non-β-islet cell tumors of the pancreas (gastrinomas). 1 The tumors may arise in multiple sites (multifocal endocrine neoplasia type I), 1 and gastrinomas may metastasize to lymph nodes, liver, thorax, skin, or bone. We report herein a unique case of bilateral ocular muscle metastases. Report of a Case. A 40-year-old woman complained of acute right eyelid swelling and diplopia following 2 months of right retro-orbital pain. She had experienced episodes of diarrhea, vomiting, and chest and back pain at age 33 years. An upper gastrointestinal tract series documented multiple gastric and duodenal ulcers for which treatment with histamine (H 2 blockers and sucralfate (Carafate) was begun. At age 37 years, the patient underwent computed tomography of the abdomen, which demonstrated low-attenuation hepatic lesions; these findings and an elevated serum gastrin level prompted a truncal vagotomy, Whipple procedure (pancreatoduodenectomy),


A unique experiment to use hydraulic excavation to produce artificial hydraulic fill for a construction site on permafrost, was undertaken in Yakutsk. The results of experiments and instrumental observations have established the following: - the impact of the hydrological and temperature regime of the Lena River on the ground-water level; - the influence of the hydraulic fill on the underlying permafrost; - the common tendencies of development of thermal processes in permafrost and the hydraulic ground fill; - the behaviour of structures built on the artificial ground fill. The data obtained allowed the formulation of major design principles, to deduce formulas of calculation of the underflooding zone and foundation settlements. The accumulated experience showed the efficiency of construction sites prepared by hydraulic methods in northern regions.


The study presents a rational analytical approach to obtain the seismic passive response of an inclined retaining wall backfilled with horizontal c-Φ soil. Pseudo-dynamic analysis is carried out to obtain the seismic passive response. Here in this analysis, the critical wedge angle is a single one irrespective of weight, surcharge and cohesion and this fact satisfies the field situation in a more realistic manner. A planer failure surface is considered in the analysis. The effect of soil and wall friction angle, wall inclination, horizontal and vertical earthquake acceleration on the passive resistance and the variation of passive earth pressure along the height of the wall have been explored. A comparison to pseudo-static and other available methods have been made to highlight the non-linearity of seismic passive earth pressure distribution.


Performing a system level optimization involving a large number of design variables and computationally expensive analysis is possible but not always practically feasible. Added to this, optimization may not always lead to a very clear choice of an optimum design. Choosing a final design from the optimization results usually also requires a decision making phase 1 where designers often have to balance conflicting design attributes (objectives and design variables). Moreover, the optimization process can be made more efficient if the designers can analyze the problem characteristics a priori and use the information to reduce the problem complexity. This paper will illustrate the use of a range of multivariate data analysis techniques as a decision making tool for various aspects of the optimization process. These techniques can help the designer with several aspects, including, but not limited to, the following: making the optimization process more efficient, reducing the number of computations required during optimization, analyzing the local influence of variables on objectives, and ultimately helping with the final design selection from Pareto set.


The nearest neighbor search over time-series databases has been a hot research topic for a long time period, which is widely used in many applications, including information retrieval, genetic data matching, data mining, and so on. However, due to high dimensionality (i.e. length) and uncertainty of the time series, the similarity search over directly indexed precise time series usually encounters serious problems, such as the "dimensionality curse" and "trust ability curse". Conventionally, many dimensionality reduction techniques and uncertainty processing strategies are proposed separately to break such drawbacks by reducing the dimensionality of time series and simulating the data uncertainty. However, among all the proposed methods, there does not have indexing mechanisms to support similarity queries, which supports efficiently search over very large uncertain time-series databases. In this paper, we re-investigate PLA for approximating and indexing uncertain time series. In particular, we propose a novel distance function in the reduced PLA-space, and this function leads to a lower bound of the Euclidean distance between the original uncertain time series, which can lead to no false negatives during the similarity search. In the following step, based on three lemmas, we develop an effective approach to index these lower bounds to improve the nearest neighbor query efficiency. Finally, extensive experiments over synthetic data sets have demonstrated the efficiency and effectiveness of PLA together with the newly proposed lower bound lemmas, in terms of both pruning power and wall clock time, compared with the baseline algorithm. Keywords-time series; uncertain database; similarity search; nearest neighbor search;


Sniff test is a common method before unsedated transnasal esophago‐gastro‐duodenoscopy (UT‐EGD) to select a nostril insertion site. Yet there is no objective method to select a more specific meatus insertion tract for anesthesia and insertion. We devised an endoscopic meatus scoring scale by anterior meatuscopy to select the most optimal meatus insertion tract. We hypothesized that meatuscopy instead of sniff test might improve tolerance and reduce adverse events during nasal anesthesia and UT‐EGD.


Modern Distance Education emphasizes independent learning of the students.The function and position of teachers and students,as well as the teaching-learning methods,are different from the traditional pattern.It is practically significant to form an interactive teaching-learning model by combining those aspects of face to face counseling,network technology and formative assessment to achieve effective self-learning and improve the teaching result of Foundation of Economic Mathematics.


This study used a contents analysis method of newspapers to related to urban regeneration and tourism. The role of tourism in urban regeneration has become very important recently as social and cultural regeneration has become more important than physical regeneration. Despite this importance, relevant policies or regulations are very insufficient in our country. Therefore, this study was to examine the interest in urban regeneration and tourism in our society through the contents analysis of the number and content of newspaper articles and analyze the trend empirically. As a result, the degree of interest in urban regeneration and tourism was able to confirm that the level of interest in tourism was increasing year by year. It suggested that the government needs to enhance the quality of tourism contents and actively implement the system in order to promote urban regeneration projects in the


Simply giving patients access to their records is relatively pointless, apart from showing openness and transparency.1 There is already a legal obligation (under the Data Protection Act 1998) to provide copies of records on request. Patients often assume that their records are very detailed and …


An optimizing model for studying replenishment policy with service level constraints is proposed. To realize the integrative decision of service level and replenishment point, the service level in a supply chain is defined as the probability of satisfying product demand in each planning period. Inventory variation under stochastic demand is analyzed, and the average inventory in planning periods is invited into the decision model. The planning output in every period is stochastic variables having the same distributions with the product demands. A numerical analysis is given to validate the approach.


This is the second volume of Reinharz's definitive three-volume biography of Weizmann. It focuses on Weizmann's rise to prominence and his work as a statesman and leader of the Zionist movement from the outbreak of World War I to 1922. It was in these years that Weizmann played a major role in winning from the British the Balfour declaration (1917) - which favoured the establishment of a Jewish national home in Palestine - and lobbied internationally to gain support for the Zionist cause. Reinharz's biography of Weizmann is in many ways a history of the Jews in this period. The author places Weizmann's leadership and his political achievements in the context of Great Power politics, the tensions between Zionists and Jewish anti-Zionists, the attitude of the Zionist movement towards Arabs, and the impact of Zionism on the collective identity of European Jewish communities.


Purpose of review The question of whether to irradiate or operate may have significant consequences for successful palliation in terms of pain relief, neurologic function, and quality of life. This article reviews the relevant issues of decision making using a framework, NOMS, applied to the cervical spine. Recent findings At Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, a decision framework is used to assess four fundamental considerations in decision making, NOMS: neurologic (N), oncologic (O), mechanical instability (M) and systemic disease and medical comorbidities (S). This framework provides a method to dissect complicated tumor issues into simple components and allows for the integration of new technologies. Currently, patients who have high-grade spinal cord compression (N) from radioresistant tumors (O) or demonstrate mechanical instability (M) are offered surgery followed by radiation. Patients with minimal or no spinal cord compression (N) and who are stable (M) are treated with radiation therapy. The evolution of surgical techniques has made decompression and instrumentation safer and more reliable. Summary The decision framework NOMS can be applied to issues relevant to decision making for the atlanto-axial and subaxial cervical spine in which they are distinct in terms of definitions of instability and indications for operation or radiation.


In measuring the overall security of a network, a crucial issue is to correctly compose the measure of individual components. Incorrect compositions may lead to misleading results. For example, a network with less vulnerabilities or a more diversified configuration is not necessarily more secure. To obtain correct compositions of individual measures, we need to first understand the interplay between network components. For example, how vulnerabilities can be combined by attackers in advancing an intrusion. Such an understanding becomes possible with recent advances in modeling network security using attack graphs. Based on our experiences with attack graph analysis, we propose an integrated framework for measuring various aspects of network security. We first outline our principles andmethodologies. We then describe concrete examples to buildintuitions. Finally, we present our formal framework. It is our belief that metrics developed based on the proposed framework will lead to novel quantitative approaches to vulnerability analysis, network hardening, and attack response.


In this paper a few implementations of Doppler processing based on sequential Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) in High Frequency Surface Wave Radar (HFSWR) signal processing are examined. The main difference between those implementations is in so called "window" function used for preparation of the data before the final FFT. Three different sets of magnitudes of weights used to form Hamming, Blackman and Blackman-Harris, window functions will be evaluated here. The optimal window function may vary depending on the given situation, but for the examined data set it is estimated that Blackman – Harris window function represents an optimal solution. It is important to note that data used for this evaluation is obtained from HFSWR sites located in the Gulf of Guinea.


In a retrospective, open label study, 26 patients (22 women and 4 men) [ ages at reaction onset not stated ] were described, who exhibited increasing creatinine, increased bone pain, fatigue, oedema, fainting, leukopenia, hepatoxicity, poor healing of skin wounds, severe nausea, headache, body aches or lack of efficacy during off-label treatment with hydroxycarbamide, sodium- cromoglicate, ascorbic acid, montelukast, naltrexone, quercetin, vitamin-D, ketotifen, omalizumab, zileuton, imatinib, immune-globulin, pentosan-polysulfate, rifaximin, tofacitinib, mycophenolic acid, unspecified steroids, benzodiazepines, nonsteroidal-anti- inflammatories, tricyclic antidepressants, histamine-H1-receptor-antagonists or histamine-H2-receptor-antagonists for mast cell activation syndrome (MCAS) [ not all routes and dosages stated; durations of treatments to reaction onsets not stated ]. The patients with various comorbidities including MCAS, received off-label treatments with oral sodium-cromoglicate [Cromolyn], oral ketotifen, naltrexone, montelukast, quercetin, ascorbic acid [vitamin C], vitamin-D, unspecified histamine- H1-receptor-antagonists and histamine-H2-receptor-antagonists (n=1), oral sodium-cromoglicate, naltrexone, montelukast, omalizumab, quercetin, ascorbic acid, imatinib, mycophenolic acid, zileuton, unspecified histamine-H1-receptor-antagonists and histamine-H2-receptor-antagonists (n=1), oral sodium-cromoglicate, naltrexone, montelukast, quercetin, ascorbic acid, vitamin-D, rifaximin,


The enactment of Israel's new Freedom of Information Law at the end of May has put the health authorities and the Israel Medical Association in a quandary. Should surveys on hospitals' and doctors' performance and patient satisfaction be published listing names of institutions and individuals?

The new law requires government ministries to supply all information to the public that need …


A screen unlocking method comprises the following steps: an unlocking operation interface is displayed on a touch screen, wherein at least two unlocking icons are displayed on the unlocking operation interface and at least one unlocking icon of the at least two unlocking icons corresponds to an application program; the touch screen responses to screen unlocking operation of a user and produces a screen unlocking signal; after the user slide the at least two unlocking icons on the unlocking interface, whether the value of distance between the at least two unlocking icons after sliding achieves a preset distance value or falls into the range of the preset distance value is judged; and if yes, the touch screen is unlocked, and an electronic equipment is controlled to start the application programs corresponding to the unlocking icons. The invention further provides the electronic equipment applying the method. The equipment and the method enable the user to unlock the touch screen and start the application programs corresponding to the unlocking icons after the unlocking icons are slid.


In the design of large solar installations, accurate prediction of subsystem availability is essential to understanding energy harvest and, consequently, financial rates of return for the energy producer or user. However, making accurate reliability predictions is difficult for a number of reasons, including variations in environmental conditions, uncertainty about subsystem and component reliability, and the unavailability of proper analytical methods tailored for the task. This paper presents an analytical method for time-dependent modeling of subsystem availability in any geographic location. It can be applied to subsystems such as solar panels, tracking devices, and power inverters. The results for each subsystem can then be combined in a system-level reliability and performance analysis of the complete photovoltaic power plant. Although absolute reliability predictions come with high uncertainty for relatively new types of equipment such as those found in the solar power industry, this methodology can be useful to help assess a PV plant's financial viability, obtain more realistic estimates of expected downtime, plan preventative maintenance schedules, and budget for spares.


A portable air sampling instrument has been developed that simultaneously assesses any airborne particulate beta/gamma activity collected, and gives an alarm if a certain preset level is achieved. The development work was initiated because a need existed for some kind of a "watch dog" air sampler that could be used on routine work of a lov/ risk nature, and which would give an audible alarm il airborne contamination arose. In practice received at concen trations low enough to ensure that operators to date have received no measurable internal contamination. This report describes the instrument design, method of operation, testing procedures and results.


The unique selective adsorption of hydrophilic dyes gives the hybrid hydrogels of hyperbranched poly(ether amine) (SiO1.5-hPEA-Gels) potential in the separation. We here introduced poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to enhance the mechanical strength of hybrid hydrogels to extend them into the practical application. A series of PVA-enhanced hybrid hydrogels (email@example.com) were prepared by chemically cross-linking between hydroxyl groups of PVA and trimethoxysilyl groups of hyperbranched poly(ether amine) (TMS-hPEA) in water. The compress stress of firstname.lastname@example.com increased significantly with the increasing content of PVA. Compared to hybrid hydrogel without PVA, the stress of email@example.com/2-Gel containing 33% PVA increased hundreds of times. The adsorption behavior of the obtained PVA-enhanced hydrogels to ten hydrophilic dyes was investigated in detail. Regardless of their charge states, firstname.lastname@example.com exhibited the quick adsorption to Ponceau S (PS), Rose Bengal (RB), Orange G (OG), and P...


On January 26th 2007 a symposium on the metabolic syndrome was held at the Royal Society of Medicine in London under the auspices of the Council on Lipids, Metabolism and Vascular Risk. A faculty of speakers of international reputation provided updates on aspects of this multifaceted and, it has to be acknowledged, somewhat controversial syndrome. This lively and well-received symposium was divided into two sessions focusing on Epidemiology and Prevention and Metabolic Cardiology, respectively.


A VALUE PERSPECTIVE: A Realistic Approach to the Stock Market Cycles of Stock Market Value A VALUE APPROACH TO MARKET TIMING: Understanding Interest Rates Interest Rates and Stock Market Value A Framework for Market Timing A VALUE APPROACH TO STOCK SELECTION: Asset Value Analysis Earnings Value Analysis Winning Stock Investments THE STRATEGIC VALUE INVESTOR: Identifying Important Market Tops and Bottoms Mutual Fund Strategy Portfolio Strategy Appendices Bibliography Index.


SORIA, S., E., 1988: Relacion de lepidopteros palearticos defoliadores del genero Quercus L. Bol. San. Veg. Plagas., 14 (1): 11-26. In this present work the relationship among paleartic lepidoptera species are provided, having been localized about these some quotes of feeding consisting on Quercus L. gender specie foliage; with special reference to those found or the holm oak Q. ilex L., cork oak Q. suber L. and rebollo Q. pyrenaica WILLD. . This catalogue includes more than 450 lepidoptera species, belorging to 37 families, as well as some bibliographic references about where the aforesmentioned quotes could be localized.


Increasingly, older adults are shopping via mobile devices as technology has been incorporated into their lives. When older adults adopt and use mobile shopping, social interactions with close others greatly influence their experience. Therefore, this paper aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of how social interactions with close others shaped older adults' mobile shopping practices. We conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews with 31 older adults who reported using mobile shopping regularly. We found that older adults engaged in three types of social interaction: learning from, collaborating with, and assisting close others in adopting and using mobile shopping. Through these social interactions, they gradually built trust in mobile shopping systems and supported each other's decision-making processes. In conclusion, we presented design implications for facilitating social interactions to improve older adults' mobile shopping experience.


The first time I knew of Professor Wu Yikang was 1988 when he steered a debate team from Fudan University to win a debate contest held in Singapore. When Wu was appointed to organize a team to participate in the first-ever debate contest, he was 51 years old, but not too old to train a team of young debaters. The professor immediately signed up 20 plus experts to act as advisors and


We report nonempirical calculations for differential and integral elastic scattering cross sections, absorption cross sections (accounting for electronic inelasticity), and total scattering cross sections for electron–H2 scattering at 10–100 eV. The calculations are based on a complex, energy‐dependent effective potential consisting of four terms: A static potential calculated from ab initio extended‐basis‐set Hartree–Fock (EBSHF) wave functions, a polarization potential calculated from an ab initio EBSHF adiabatic polarization potential modified by the local‐kinetic‐energy semiclassical polarization model to account for nonadiabatic effects, an exchange potential calculated from the EBSHF static electron density and static potential by the semiclassical exchange approximation, and an imaginary absorption potential calculated from the EBSHF static electron density and static potential by the quasifree scattering model with Pauli blocking. We obtain good agreement with all available experimental data at im...


To date, the application of brain computer interface (BCI) technology in rehabilitation represents one of the most challenging matters in the BCI filed. With the aim of developing a specific BCI system for speech language rehabilitation, this paper describes framework of a novel BCI system designed for clinical settings in speech language rehabilitation. It presents an overview of the technology involved, the applied context and the system design approach.


Wooden ships up to about 55m in length have been designed and built with hulls of double skin planking. This design calls for a layer of longitudinal planking to be crossed at an angle of 45 degrees by a layer of diagonal planking. Based on the successful operation of these ships, large-scaled wooden ships of about 70m in length are under consideration for construction with triple skin planking. This would consist of an outer layer of longitudinal planking and an inner skin of double layers of diagonal planking at angles of plus or minus 45 degrees, respectively, to the longitudinal planks. The experiments and theoretical investigations carried out to establish design formulas for the longitudinal bending and shear strength of wooden hulls with the triple skin planking are described.


The reasons why manuscript resouces in journals of general colleges are insufficient are that in general colleges the science research work is of low quality,the science rewards are unfair,a number of authors misunderstand the using of manuscript and editors communicate in a small range. To solve the problems, editors must organize manuscripts initiatively, train the young authors, and improve the quality and service.


In this paper, a high-precision, low-cost AGV integrated navigation scheme is proposed. The extended Kalman filter is used to fuse the dead reckoning with the laser positioning data to obtain the pose estimation under the minimum mean square error. Aiming at the problem of EKF filtering accuracy degradation caused by the inaccurate estimation of laser positioning data noise, an on-line adjustment algorithm of observation noise covariance based on fuzzy PID is designed, which makes the actual innovation covariance and the theoretical innovation covariance basically consistent. The simulation results show that the system can quickly adjust the observation noise covariance to the actual level to maintain high filtering accuracy when the given observation noise is inconsistent with the actual observed noise, which satisfies the reliable and accurate positioning requirements of industrial AGV.


Objective To observe the clinical efficacy on knee osteoarthritis( KOA) of early and middle stages treated with herbal medicine sealing therapy and intra- articular injection with sodium hyaluronate. Methods One hundred and twenty cases of KOA of early and middle stages were randomized into a treatment group and a control group,60 cases in each one according to visit sequence. In the treatment group,the herbal medicine sealing therapy and intra- articular injection with sodium hyaluronate were adopted. In the control group,the oral administration of loxoprofen sodium tablets and intra- articular injection with sodium hyaluronate were applied. Results After treatment,the effective rate was 92. 31% in the treatment group and was 73. 68% in the control group. The efficacy in the treatment group was better than that in the control group,indicating the significant difference( P 0. 05). Conclusion The herbal medicine sealing therapy and intra- articular injection with sodium hyaluronate apparently relieve the symptoms and physical signs of the patients with KOA of early and middle stages. The efficacy is definite.


PURPOSE: A portable device and a concentrating/distributing device thereof are provided to make the portable device convenient to use and easy to assemble, and process the portable device of any size within a given range. CONSTITUTION: The portable device includes a portable device body(11), a touch panel(12) operated as a display device and an operating unit by installing on a surface of the device body, and a cover(13) pivotally coupled to the device body for covering the touch panel when it is closed and uncovering the touch panel when it is opened. The cover is equipped with a window(14). The window allows the touch panel to be seen through the window even if the cover is completely closed. A button(15) is installed to a part corresponding to the touch panel. When the cover is closed, a user operates the touch panel by using the button from the outer side of the cover. The cover is coupled to the device body via a hinge(16).


In this paper, we proposed new virtualization technology that is more convenient and stable in local computing environment, then found technique elements need to desktop virtualization which is based on clients in various virtualization technologies. After running excution of process explorer utility in user level virtualization and VMWare, we found memory capacity that is used 30.1MB in VMWare and 16.6MB in user level virtualization respectively to compare private bytes each of process. We found no significant difference of CPU utilization which is executed application program in local computing environment and user domain with user level virtualization. In this result, proposed vitualization technology is able to minimize performance degradation of local computing envrionment.


Without political freedom there can be no cultural freedom; a programme of cultural emancipation is dependent, therefore, on national liberation, and one would like to believe that this 'therefore' influenced the determination by the American Society of African Culture to focus more sharply not only on cultural exchanges but on the political battle for the mind of southern Africa. This fourth international conference, held at Howard University under the title 'Southern Africa in Transition', was 'aimed at focusing widespread attention on the complex and difficult problems being faced by those struggling for freedom in this troubled area'. It was attended by an impressive group of Afro-American, white American, and European Africanists, together with African leaders of countries from the Congo to the Cape.


The method for the multiple model failure detection is presented based on wavelet neural network and the designed neural network observer to increase the precision of the identification. Meanwhile the state estimation error is proved to be converged to zero asymptotically, and parameters of the identifier are converged to the ideal identifier parameters if persistency of excitation condition of the activation function is fulfilled. The wavelet neural network as the multiple model identification structure is analyzed and applied to the multiple model failure detection. Numerical example that the wavelet neural network approximated the nonlinear system is described, and the simulation of multiple model failure detection using wavelet neural network identifiers is introduced while the noise disturbance is added to the system, and the correctness and the feasibility of the detection method are illustrated.


The invention discloses an acidic gas treating process and system. The acidic gas treating process employs a two-stage gas-liquid two-phase countercurrent absorption reaction and uses a NaOH solution as an absorption liquid to treat acidic gas so as to produce NaHS. According to the process, a primary liquid reaction product and a secondary liquid reaction product are cyclically used, and the primary liquid reaction product is circulated to a secondary intermediate tank and used as a diluent. The acidic gas treating system adopts a rotating bed reactor as a gas-liquid reactor; CO2 in the acidic gas reacts with NaOH to produce nanometer Na2CO3 crystal, so obstruction of a pipeline by the Na2CO3 crystal during fluid conveying is prevented. The acidic gas treating process provided by the invention is simple and can achieve the dual objectives of purification of acidic gas and reclamation of pollutants; and the acidic gas treating system has the advantages of small scale, low energy consumption and low proneness to obstruction.


OpenMI 2.0 has become more versatile. Whereas OpenMI 1.4 was mainly restricted to models that progress in time, OpenMI 2 offers a set of base interfaces that are not aware of the type of a model. These interfaces can easily be extended, e.g. with the extension for time and space dependent components towards models that progress in time. Alternatively they can be externded to models that express the exchange items and their values in terms of ontologies, instead of in terms of spatial and time scale definitions.


The purpose of this research was to analyze the Patient santifaction at the Health Center Ranai – Natuna. This research uses the variables of products, service quality, and facilities to analyze the influence of patient santifaction. The population of this research are patient at the Health Center Ranai – Natuna. While the sample taken in this research were as many as 100 people drawn from the population. The collected data used questionnaire method is to provide a list of questions or questionnaires directly to respondents. The results showed that the R Squer value was 0.818 or 81.8% of this value. It can be seen that the product, service quality and facilities have an effect on patient satisfaction by 81.8% while the remaining 18.2% is influenced by other factors that are not examined. The results of the research based on the T test for the product had a significant value of 0.161, service quality was 0.308 and facilities were 0.489 and seen from the analysis of the coefficient of determination it was stated that the product, service quality, and facilities had an effect of 81.8% on patient satisfaction at the Health Center Ranai - Natuna.


Objective: To investigate the effect of three common antitumor drugs on established Hela cervical cancer cell lines and tumor stem cells from the Hela cell lines. Methods: The tumor stem cells were separated and cultured by serum-free medium. Then explore the effect of mitomycin,cisplatin and paclitaxel on Hela cell lines and tumor stem cells separated from Hela cell lines.Results: Different concentration of the three antitumor drugs inhibited the proliferation of tumor cells and tumor stem cells in a dose-dependent manner( r = 0. 944,P 0. 05). The inhibitory rates of mitomycin,cisplatin and paclitaxel on Hela cell lines were( 88. 75 ± 2. 59) %,( 92. 28 ±1. 57) % and( 75. 22 ± 0. 99) % respectively; The inhibitory rates on the tumor stem cells were( 38. 95 ±5. 37) %,( 52. 68 ± 3. 55) % and( 36. 71 ± 2. 42) % respectively. Conclusion: The inhibitory rates of the three kinds of drugs on tumor cells were significantly higher than that of tumor stem cells( P 0. 05). According to the results,we find that cisplatin has the highest inhibitory rate,while the paclitaxel is the lowest on both Hela cell lines and tumor stem cells(P0.05).


To analyze and describe the behavior and the interaction pattern of the product's subsystems and their components, multiple simulation models have to be developed in each engineering domain. In this paper, a Software Product Line (SPL) approach is adopted to demonstrate the dependencies and associations between models of subsystems. SPL approach provides a structured method for handling variability by using feature models. The particular focus of this paper is on the mapping between components in different tools with more than one modeling depth, the level of detail respectively, through deployment of feature modeling. © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the Organizing Committee of SysInt 2014.


The article relevance. New technical capabilities related to the Internet are actively used in all spheres of public life, radically changing the communication models in each of them, including in the business sphere. Digital ethics is one of the areas that is undergoing drastic changes due to the new media environment. The purpose of the study is to determine the role of online communication in online sales. Research methods: as a research method, the survey method was used to identify the features of communication practices in online sales. Research results: the article examines the characteristic features of online sales. The specifics of digital ethics in communications between the manufacturer and the consumer are investigated: the range of technical possibilities for dialogue is determined, the logic of organizing discussion fields is revealed, as well as the degree of their development. The novelty and originality of the research lies in the fact that the digital ethics of social networks for business is being investigated for the first time. It is shown that in large companies, the social network performs a connecting function only at the first stage of cooperation; small businesses practice maintaining long-term contact and the social network function is communicative for them. It is revealed that the social network page serves as a means of informing customers about services and products; for placing ads about promotions and events held in the company; for messages of common nature. It is revealed that social network marketing is not yet fully integrated into the Russian market. It is shown that the format of communication in the social network as a mechanism for accepting applications is characterized by a minimal degree of personification. It is revealed that the dialog space is segmented into an official unit (informative function) and a consumer forum (emotion exchange function). It is revealed that in large and small companies, the functions of dialogue are radically different: for large companies, dialogue is one of the ways to maintain the image, the ability to create the appearance of openness and readiness for interaction, demonstration of customer orientation), for small companies - the ability to remotely and cost-effectively implement products and services, satisfying the individual preferences of each client. Practical significance: the data Obtained in this work can be used in marketing, advertising, social psychology, as well as for further theoretical development of this issue.


I read with interest the article by Dr Breteler and colleagues describing direct susceptibility testing (DST) of undiluted urine [1]; this raises important points that merit comment. There are interpretational diffi culties with the susceptibility testing of uropathogens [2 – 4]. Effective therapy of lower urinary tract infections (UTIs) depends not only on susceptibility, but also on therapeutic urine concentrations. Uropathogen susceptibilities are based on serum concentrations, but urinary concentrations are higher than serum concentrations in lower UTIs [3–8]. Clinically, uropathogen susceptibility is predictive of eradication, but non-susceptibility should be assessed taking into account urinary concentrations [4]. The concept of the urinary spectrum popularized by Stamey explains why some resistant lower UTI uropathogens respond to therapy [8]. In lower UTIs treated with renally eliminated antibiotics, effectiveness against resistant uropathogens should take into account urinary excretion as the percentage of serum concentrations [4,8]. Susceptibility tests done at achievable urinary concentrations, urine pH, and in urine, result in different susceptibility data. Because of these factors, standard susceptibility testing overestimates resistance. If ampicillin-resistant Escherichia coli are tested in broth at urinary pH, many are susceptible. If susceptibility is conducted at achievable urinary concentrations/pH and in heat-treated urine, then nearly two-thirds (64%) of ampicillinresistant E. coli are susceptible (Table I) [9]. The authors postulate that DST may decrease antibiotic exposure/resistance. However, antibiotic resistance is primarily a function of the antibiotic rather than volume/class. ' High resistance potential ' antibiotics, e.g., ampicillin, ciprofl oxacin, and trimethoprim – sulfamethoxazole, may cause resistance


Keeping a brand promise involves many moving parts, people, and processes. Get them focused and revved up, and your business will race ahead of the competition.


Deriving an expression for an estimator of the variance of the estimator is one problem faced by statisticians when developing an estimator of a parameter. Both estimators are needed for confidence interval estimation and/or hypothesis testing. Statisticians use a procedure commonly called the delta method to obtain an estimator of the variance when the estimator is not a simple sum of observations. The basic idea is to use a method from calculus called a Taylor series expansion to derive a linear function that approximates the more complicated function. We refer the reader to any introductory calculus text for a discussion of the Taylor series expansion. To apply the delta method, the function must be one that can be approximated by a Taylor series and, in general, this means that it is a "smooth" function, with no "corners." Consider such a function of a random variable X denoted as f(X).


Link prediction on heterogeneous information network (HIN) is considered as a challenge problem due to the complexity and diversity in types of nodes and links. Currently, there are remained challenges of meta-path-based link prediction in HIN. Previous works of link prediction in HIN via network embedding approach are mainly focused on exploiting features of node rather than existing relations in forms of meta-paths between nodes. In fact, predicting the existence of new links between non-linked nodes is absolutely inconvincible. Moreover, recent HIN-based embedding models also lack of thorough evaluations on the topic similarity between text-based nodes along given meta-paths. To tackle these challenges, in this paper, we proposed a novel approach of topic-driven multiple meta-path-based HIN representation learning framework, namely W-MMP2Vec. Our model leverages the quality of node representations by combining multiple meta-paths as well as calculating the topic similarity weight for each meta-path during the processes of network embedding learning in content-based HINs. To validate our approach, we apply W-TMP2Vec model in solving several link prediction tasks in both content-based and non-content-based HINs (DBLP, IMDB and BlogCatalog). The experimental outputs demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed model which outperforms recent state-of-the-art HIN representation learning models.


Introduction: The results of early outcome in thrombolysed stroke patients are connected with the long-term effect measured as disability and death rate. There are different definitions of the early improvement in such patients. Aim of the research: To establish potential prognostic factors adversely influencing the early outcome of stroke patients treated with alteplase. Material and methods: The analysis of 245 consecutive ischaemic stroke patients treated intravenously with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) was conducted. The outcome was analysed 24 h after rt-PA treatment depending on the NIHSS score. Group I consisted of 105 patients with the improvement in NIHSS ≥ 2 points 24 h after intravenous rt-PA administration, and group II comprised of the rest of the patients (n = 140). Results: The independent factors adversely affecting the early outcome were: hypertension, old ischaemic lesions in initial brain computed tomography (CT), longer therapeutic window, higher baseline NIHSS (respectively: OR = 0.34, p < 0.05; OR = 0.55, p < 0.01; OR = 0.99, p < 0.01; OR = 0.91, p < 0.01). Conclusions: There are factors affecting the grade of early neurological improvement assessed 24 h after rt-PA therapy that may help to improve the efficacy of the acute phase treatment and secondary prevention of stroke patients. More attention should be paid to patients with hypertension, those with greater initial neurological deficit, longer onset-to-treatment time, and old ischaemic changes in initial brain CT.


Implementation of waterflooding sometimes cannot increase oil recovery effectively and requires additional methods to increase oil recovery. Polymer flooding is a common chemical EOR method that has been implemented in the last few decades and provides good effectiveness in increasing oil recovery and can reduce the amount of injection fluid injected into the reservoir. Seeing the success of polymer flooding in increasing oil recovery, it is necessary to know the parameters that influence the success of polymer flooding so that it can be evaluated and taken into consideration in creating a new scheme to increase oil recovery with polymer flooding. The parameters tested in this study include Injection Rate, Injection Time, Injection Pressure, Adsorption, Inaccessible Pore Volume, Residual Resistance Factor. This research uses the X-Gardient Boosting Algorithm to look at the most influential parameters in polymer flooding. The parameters that most influence the performance of polymer flooding on the value of oil recovery with the importance level of each parameter in this study are injection time of 0.452632, injection rate of 0.430075, injection pressure of 0.064662, Adsorption of 0.025564, RRF of 0.021053, IPV of 0.006014 and produce accurate predictive modeling using x-gradient boosting where with 3 variations of the comparison ratio of training and testing data obtained at a ratio of 0.7 : 0.3 obtained an R2 train of 0.9886 and an R2 test of 0.9645, a ratio of 0.8 : 0.2 obtained an R2 train of 0.9891 and an R2 test of 0.9579, and a ratio of 0.9: 0.1 obtained R2 train of 0.9890 and R2 test of 0.9660.


Numerous Optical Character Recognition (OCR) companies claim that their products have near-perfect recognition accuracy (close to 99.9%). In practice, however, these accuracy rates are rarely achieved. Most systems break down when the input document images are highly degraded, such as scanned images of carbon-copy documents, documents printed on low-quality paper, and documents that are n-th generation photocopies. Besides, the end user cannot compare the relative performances of the products because the various accuracy results are not reported on the same dataset.. In this article we report our evaluation results for two popular Arabic OCR products: (1) Sakhr OCR and (2) OmniPage for Arabic. In our evaluation we establish that the Sakhr OCR product has 15.47% lower page error rate relative to the OmniPage page error rate. The absolute page accuracy rates for Sakhr and Omnipage are 90.33% and 86.89% respectively. Our evaluation was performed using the SAIC Arabic image dataset, and we used only those pages for which both OCR systems produced output. A scatter-plot of the page accuracy-rate pairs reveals that Sakhr in general performs better on low-accuracy (degraded) pages. The scatter-plot visualization technique allows an algorithm developer to easily detect and analyze outliers in the results.


This article summarizes findings from a case-control study of the risk of hysterectomy among women who have undergone sterilization in the US. Data were obtained on 7174 women who underwent tubal sterilization during 1978-86 in participating medical centers in Baltimore Chapel Hill Honolulu Houston Memphis Sacramento St. Louis and San Francisco. The comparison group included 544 women whose husbands had a vasectomy during 1985-87. Data was collected at the time of the procedures and annually for the first 5 years after the procedure. Sterilized women were more likely to be younger than 35 years less likely to be married and to be White. Nonsterilized women were more likely to have a history of endometriosis and heavy menstrual bleeding but less likely to have pelvic inflammatory disease. Findings indicate that over the 5-year period sterilized women were 4.6 times more likely to have a hysterectomy regardless of age or the type of sterilization procedure. Risk was lowest (2.9) among women who had been sterilized with a silicone rubber band application. Risk was highest (13.2) among women who had interval partial salpingectomy (removal of a tube). Risk was 5-8 times more likely among women who had bipolar or unipolar coagulation clip application or postpartum partial salpingectomy. Among married women with controls for age at sterilization and history of endometriosis or pelvic inflammatory disease sterilized women had a similar risk of hysterectomy. For women aged under 34 years the risk was 2.6-13.3 times greater; for those older than 35 years the risk was 2.9-18.0 times greater.


To solve important problems related to radiation in microsystems, the methods of quantum electrodynamics are successfully used. At the same time, a number of problems remain (vacuum energy, divergence in local interaction, the physical meaning of the fine structure constant) that cannot be resolved within the framework of this theory. Therefore, an urgent task is to develop alternative mathematical models that can be additionally used to study the radiation process in microsystems. In this work, to model the radiation process in microsystems, Markov processes with continuous time and discrete states are used. The mathematical model is based on Heisenberg's uncertainty principles and conservation laws. The main mathematical tools are Kolmogorov graphs and their corresponding systems of equations. The key idea is that the phase space of a particle is discrete. The model of the discrete phase space is distinguished by its comparative simplicity and efficiency, and allows applying the well-developed theory of Markov processes to the phenomena under study. The scale of the model and its discrete structure make it possible to avoid irremovable singularities. The article presents: an original physical interpretation of the fine structure constant, a stochastic analogue of the redshift law and the magnitude of the Schwarzschild gravitational radius, a stochastic interpretation of the fine structure constant of the gravitational field is proposed. A comparative analysis of the fine structure constants for the gravitational and electromagnetic fields has been carried out.


In this paper, an in-plane Z-shaped structure with multi-span elastic supports is proposed to investigate the natural frequency and transmission response through employing in-plane governing equation and transfer matrix method. Based on the solutions of transverse vibration and torsional
 vibration, the total transfer matrix for the Z-shaped structure with multi-span elastic supports is derived. Furthermore, natural frequencies and mode shapes of the Z-shaped structure are calculated. Finite element simulation method (FEM) is conducted here to verify the theoretical results.
 In order to effectively evaluate the vibration reduction performance, transmission response of the Z-shaped structure under different boundary supports and multi-span elastic supports is analyzed. This work is significant for the vibration reduction of in-plane Z-shaped structure, especially
 the multi-span elastic support case in engineering applications.


There are numerous springs around Suizenji and Lake Ezu area in the Kumamoto City which all of the tap water is sourced from groundwater. To estimate the groundwater discharge rate around Lake Ezu, the river flow rate at 13 sites in Kase River was observed monthly from December 1991 to December 2014. In previous studies, the total groundwater discharge rate was calculated as the difference in flow rates from lowermost-stream and uppermost-stream plus inflow rivers. In this study, the total groundwater discharge rate was calculated separately for Suizenji, Lake Kami-Ezu and Lake Shimo-Ezu zones. As a result, temporal variability of river flow rates was varied among sites and estimated groundwater discharge rate in each zone showed different variations. From 2003, monthly groundwater discharge rates were sometimes negative at the Shimo-Ezu zone. When the groundwater discharge rate in each separated zone is negative, calculations carried out with negative values(Case 1)and with positive values only(Case 2)are compared. As a result, total groundwater discharge gradually decreased from about 450,000 m3/day in 1992 to about 317,000 m3/day(Case 1)and 344,000 m3/day(Case 2)in June 2006. After the heavy rainfall in June and July 2006, the total groundwater discharge rapidly increased to about 430,000 m3/day in both cases. Temporal variability of total groundwater discharge was not so different between both cases, however, the minimum value in Case 2 was about 27,000 m3/day higher than that in Case 1 and the decreasing trend became moderate.


The single factor of mulberry fruit juice clarification by pectinase was studied. The results showed that the minimum dosage of pectinase was 1.5mL/L and pH 3~4 at 40~60℃.The transmittance of clarified mulberry fruit juice treated was over 95% and the soluble solid content was not in the main change.


Mesozoic granitoid rocks adjacent to the San Andreas fault in central California have retained their radiogenic Ar for the last 70 m.y. but have, generally, the highest 18O and H2O+ contents and the lowest D contents of all the granitoid rocks in California. The geographical coincidence of the D, 18O, and H2O+ patterns with the present trace of the San Andreas fault leave little doubt that some kind of groundwater circulation system has operated in the vicinity of the fault in central California. Similar isotopic patterns exist in rocks along the Garlock fault. These water-rock interactions probably took place at temperatures <200°C, although depth, extent, and timing are not resolved. Stable isotope compositions of rocks from many localities of the earth have provided unambiguous proof that meteoric waters have descended to depths at least as great as 8 to 10 km when a heat source such as a cooling pluton was present. Massive circulation of groundwater is common in the upper crust of tectonically active areas and may affect the frictional stress state along major faults. The geochemical evidence for extensive deep circulation of groundwater and the relatively high permeabilities for most rocks of the upper crust recently compiled by Brace (1980) argues against nearly lithostatic fluid pressures as an ambient condition of the upper crust. Groundwater circulation along the San Andreas provides an efficient mechanism for diffusing the heat flow anomaly that arises in heat transport calculations that are based on thermal conduction alone.


Since the preliminary publication of all legible portions of the Genesis Apocryphon in the mid 1990s, attention again has turned to the relationship this scroll shares with another, roughly contemporaneous, rewriting of Genesis and the early parts of Exodus the book of Jubilees . This chapter discusses of how Jubilees and the Genesis Apocryphon might be related in each work dealing with the end of Noah's life and the introduction of Abram. It shows that there remains valuable information to be gleaned from this lost column, especially when set next to Jubilees . One of the outcomes of this comparison will be an acknowledgment of the starkly different approaches taken to the transition between Noah and Abram, and especially Abram's early life, by these two texts. On the latter score it is clear that Jubilees was far more expansive than the Genesis Apocryphon . Keywords:Abram; Genesis Apocryphon ; Jubilees ; literary relationship; Noah


The synthesis of (R)- and (S)-atenolol (1) was achieved in two steps starting from p-hydroxyphenylacetamide (2). Both enantiomers of the glycidyl ether 4 were synthesized from 2 and (R)- and (S)-epichlorohydrin (3) using an alkali metal hydroxide and/or BTA (benzyltrimethylammonium chloride), respectively. Subsequent treatment of 4 with isopropylamine afforded atenolol (1) with excellent enantiomeric excess (>98% ee).


In this paper,we introduce a pair of value-added operators of covering rough set model and discuss their related properties.Namely,give and prove Theorem 4 by Theorem 2 and Theorem 3.


A compact genome and a tiny brain make Drosophila the prime model to understand the neural substrate of behavior. The neurogenetic efforts to reveal neural circuits underlying Drosophila vision started about half a century ago, and now the field is booming with sophisticated genetic tools, rich behavioral assays, and importantly, a greater number of scientists joining from different backgrounds. This review will briefly cover the structural anatomy of the Drosophila visual system, the animal's visual behaviors, the genes involved in assembling these circuits, the new and powerful techniques, and the challenges ahead for ultimately identifying the general principles of biological computation in the brain. A typical brain utilizes a great many compact neural circuits to collect and process information from the internal biological and external environmental worlds and generates motor commands for observable behaviors. The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, despite of its miniature body and tiny brain, can survive in almost any corner of the world.1 It can find food, court mate, fight rival conspecific, avoid predators, and amazingly fly without crashing into trees. Drosophila vision and its underlying neuronal machinery has been a key research model for at least half century for neurogeneticists.2 Given the efforts invested on the visual system, this animal model is likely to offer the first full understanding of how visual information is computed by a multi-cellular organism. Furthermore, research in Drosophila has revealed many genes that play crucial roles in the formation of functional brains across species. The architectural similarities between the visual systems of Drosophila and vertebrate at the molecular, cellular, and network levels suggest new principles discovered at the circuit level on the relationship between neurons and behavior in Drosophila shall also contribute greatly to our understanding of the general principles for how bigger brains work.3 I start with the anatomy of Drosophila visual system, which surprisingly still contains many uncharted areas.


The concept of the body politic is not new. Elaborate organic images for human society were richly developed by the Greeks. They conceived the citizen, the city, and the cosmos to be built according to the same principles. To perceive the body politic as an organism, as fundamentally alive and as part of a large cosmic organism, was central for them.' To see the structure of human groups as a mirror of natural forms has remained imaginatively and intellectually powerful. Throughout the early period of the Industrial Revolution, a particularly important development of the theory of the body politic linked natural and political economy on multiple levels. Adam Smith's theory of the market and of the division of labor as keystones of future capitalist economic thought, with Thomas Malthus's supposed law of the relation of population and resources, together symbolize the junction of natural forces and economic progress in the formative years of capitalist industrialism. The permeation of Darwin's evolutionary theory with this form of political economy has been a subject of considerable analysis from the nineteenth century to the present.2 Without question, the modern evolutionary concept of a population, as the fundamental natural group, owes much to classical ideas of the body politic, which in turn are inextricably interwoven with the social relationships of production and reproduction. The union of the political and physiological is the focus of this essay.


This article describes strategies for using storybooks to facilitate emergent literacy. First, we provide critical background information about three areas of emergent literacy: oral language (vocabulary and narrative development), phonological awareness, and print awareness. Then we describe how teachers can facilitate the development of these three areas through purposeful, yet playful and developmentally appropriate, storybook reading activities.


Neural networks have been effective in several engineering applications because of their learning abilities and robustness. However certain shortcomings, such as slow convergence and local minima, are always associated with neural networks, especially neural networks applied to highly nonlinear and non-stationary problems. These problems can be effectively alleviated by integrating a new powerful tool, wavelets, into conventional neural networks. The multi-resolution analysis and feature localization capabilities of the wavelet transform offer neural networks new possibilities for learning. A neural wavelet network approach developed in this thesis enjoys fast convergence rate with little possibility to be caught at a local minimum. It combines the localization properties of wavelets with the learning abilities of neural networks. Two different testbeds are used for testing the efficiency of the new approach. The first is magnetic flowmeter-based process diagnostics: here we extend previous work, which has demonstrated that wavelet groups contain process information, to more general process diagnostics. A loop at Applied Intelligent Systems Lab (AISL) is used for collecting and analyzing data through the neural-wavelet approach. The research is important for thermal-hydraulic processes in nuclear and other engineering fields. The neural-wavelet approach developed is also tested with data from the electric power grid. More specifically, the neural-wavelet approach is used for performing short-term and mid-term prediction of power load demand. In addition, the feasibility of determining the type of load using the proposed neural wavelet approach is also examined. The notion of cross scale product has been developed as an expedient yet reliable discriminator of loads. Theoretical issues involved in the integration of wavelets and neural networks are discussed and future work outlined.


As web services increasingly becoming popular, particularly in the context of Internet of Things, incorporating social networks have helped their discovery and binding. However considering both web services and users in the same social network and examining their influence on each other have not been investigated yet in previous work. In this paper, we propose a new social network-based framework for analyzing the role and influence of users and web services in the discovery process. We promote the idea of combining users and web services in the same global social network. First, we describe our three-step engineering method to build such a network that considers users and web services characteristics. Second, we analyze the different types of interactions that could take place between users and web services inside their global network. The results of our simulation show that this approach provides an immediate and wider exposure for web services and makes the discovery easier and efficient.


We show that under some non‐degeneracy assumptions the only submersive harmonic morphism on a conformally flat 3‐sphere to a surface is the Hopf fibration. The proof involves an appropriate use of the Chern–Simons functional.


Colour-ringed Herring Gulls breeding in a small colony in NE England were used to estimate the average annual adult survival rates of males and females in 6 successive years. Although the female survival rate was higher than that of the males in most years, the difference was not significant. The average annual survival rate for both sexes combined was 91.7%, giving an average expectation of adult life (which is also the number of breeding seasons in which an average Herring Gull can breed) of over 11 years. More data are required to test whether there are sex differences in survival and to give a more precise measure of the expectation of life. The peak of mortality is between July and September and is lowest during the winter, which is in agreement with previous findings in Britain.


On the basis of the equations of electrodynamics of slowly moving media the relations for calculation of electromagnetic field energy volume density and specific electromagnetic force in a moving medium are obtained. Dependence of force on motion intensity is approved.


The article discusses the features of legal regulation of the status of civil servants in pre-revolutionary Russia. The paper analyses the process of modernization of public servants' activity, their rights and obligations, and other elements of their legal status. For all the time of its existence, the institution of public service has become a fairly powerful state mechanism that was supposed to maintain relations between society and the state. It is noted that, since the 15th century, civil servants have had a great government influence. They carried out their activities directly on behalf of the state and were provided with various guarantees, the most important of which was seniority.


Photovoltaics has become a significant branch of next-generation sustainable energy production. Kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S, Se)4 (copper-zinc-tin-(sulfur, selenium) or CZTS(Se)) is considered one of the most promising, earth-abundant, and nontoxic candidates for solar energy generation over the last decade. However, shallow phase stability of the quaternary phase and the presence of various secondary phases and defects are the main hindrances in achieving the target device performance. This paper summarizes various approaches to synthesize the CZTS absorber layer and the CdS - type material layer. Besides, different CZTS solar cell device structures, as well as a comprehensive review of secondary phases and defects, have been illustrated and discussed. At last, this review is intended to highlight the current challenges and prospects of CZTS solar cells.


With the accession to WTO and the establishment of Shanghai Gold Exchange, gold mines in China are facing more severe competition from both home and abroad. Supply Chain Management (SCM), a new management idea gradually accepted all over the world, provides the gold mines in China with a new management mode. In this thesis, under the guidance of SCM theory, based on the analyzing to the actualities of Jiaojia Gold Mine, the Jiaojia supply chain framework is constructed, the function system for Jiaojia SCM is configured, and function modules are described in detail.


In a recent letter [Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 156603 (2002); cond-mat/0201300], Alvarez and Gros have numerically analyzed the Drude weight for thermal transport in spin ladders and frustrated chains of up to 14 sites and have proposed that it remains finite in the thermodynamic limit. In this comment, we argue that this conclusion cannot be sustained if the finite-size analysis is taken to larger system sizes.


Construction and function of the autoappraisal system of bandspread tape recorder are presented comprehensively in this paper,which also concludes design,technical index,sofeware,hardware and disposition of the system as well as uncertainly and measurement procedures of the system.


Abstract. Conjugated polymers are potential materials for photovoltaic applications due to their high absorption coefficient, mechanical flexibility, and solution-based processing for low-cost solar cells. A bulk heterojunction (BHJ) structure made of donor–acceptor composite can lead to high charge transfer and power conversion efficiency. Active layer morphology is a key factor for device performance. Film formation processes (e.g., spray-coating, spin-coating, and dip-coating), post-treatment (e.g., annealing and UV ozone treatment), and use of additives are typically used to engineer the morphology, which optimizes physical properties, such as molecular configuration, miscibility, lateral and vertical phase separation. We will review electronic donor–acceptor interactions in conjugated polymer composites, the effect of processing parameters and morphology on solar cell performance, and charge carrier transport in polymer solar cells. This review provides the basis for selection of different processing conditions for optimized nanomorphology of active layers and reduced bimolecular recombination to enhance open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current density, and fill factor of BHJ solar cells.


Petroleum-producing wells sometimes facing production problem. These problems can be solved by deploying a Maintenance fleet that requires 2 days of travel and 3 days of repair time for the well. With 80 wells that are probabilistically appearance of problem, we need a Mathematical model that can minimize idle time of the well, in the condition of not Produce any. Trought this research, obtained problem solving formulation using the Dynamic Programming approach. The first step of this research are building an influence diagram.


In order to provide a fastening device for fixing a workpiece on a moving device for moving the workpiece which has a small space requirement and enables secure mounting of the workpiece at the movement device, it is proposed that the fastening device is a receiving element for receiving the workpiece, and a locking device for releasably includes setting of the receiving element in the movement device.


Cd2Ge2O6 nanowires have been synthesized by a simple hydrothermal route in the absence of any surfactants. The diameter and length of the Cd2Ge2O6 nanowires with flat tips are 30‐300 nm and several dozens of micrometers, respectivley. X‐ray diffraction and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy results show that the nanowires are composed of monoclinic Cd2Ge2O6 phase. The growth condition dependence results show that the formation of the Cd2Ge2O6 nanowires undergoes three morphological changes from spherical particles to nanorods, and finally to nanowires. The photoluminescence spectrum of the Cd2Ge2O6 nanowires exhibits three fluorescence emission peaks centered at 422 nm, 490 nm and 528 nm showing the potential application for optical devices. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Vitamin E is an important food ingredient that individuals ingest to help prevent numerous diseases. Nano-emulsions are frequently employed in pharmaceutical, food, and personal care applications as means of delivering a variety of lipophilic active substances, namely vitamins that are oil-soluble. Both high-energy and low-energy methods are used to create nano-emulsions. The latter, however, offers advantages including less cost, convenience of use, and increased energy efficiency. In this work, we used the emulsion phase inversion technique to create nano-emulsions containing vitamin E. We investigated the rheological and physical characteristics of nano-emulsions created at different stirring rates ranging from 30 to 110 minutes. The emulsion phase inversion approach mixes an organic phase made up of oil, vitamin E, and a surfactant with an aqueous phase. The droplet size, zeta potential, and rheology of all the nano-emulsions were measured. The size distribution of nano-emulsions was measured in the particle size examination method utilizing dynamic light scattering and average droplet diameter was observed to be within a range of 141 nm to 177 nm and to follow a sequence: 110 < 70 < 30 min. The lowest droplet size, 141 nm, with a polydispersity index of 0.234, was obtained at 110 minutes. The zeta potential of formulated nano-emulsions ranged from – 7.1 m to – 14.3 mV. The rheological properties of nano-emulsions revealed non-Newtonian flow behavior. The antimicrobial test of nano-emulsions was examined with Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and the emulsions were resistant to S. aureus.


Since 2000, when Nobel prize winner, Joshua Lederberg defined the term "cutaneous microbiome" much attention has been drawn to clarifying the role of microorganisms in maintaining homeostasis. This article aims to outline the several implications of the cutaneous microbiome related to dermatology practice. The skin microbiome represents the community of commensal, symbiotic, and pathogenic microorganisms that colonizes the skin. Prior research on healthy volunteers indicate the presence of four major bacterial species: Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Bacterioides. Previous studies have proved that the skin microbiome influences the innate and the adaptive immune responses. This theory may be the key in establishing the etiopathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne vulgaris and rosacea. The diversity of microorganisms harbored on the healthy skin surface is different from one body area to another, according to pH, temperature, age, hygiene. Any imbalance in the physiological features will have consequences on the commensal flora. A decrease of the commensal microorganisms will lead to higher levels of pathogens, exposing the skin barrier, leading to infection and chronic inflammation as seen in atopic dermatitis. New studies are focusing on how treatments affect the cutaneous microbiome. Different kinds of topical treatments can interfere with the normal flora, which can cause soreness and slow healing. In psoriasis, it has been suggested that the microbial diversity is limited by the production of antimicrobial peptides, which is relieved by therapy. Future research in this field can highlight new therapies in dermatology, provide answers concerning etiopathogeneses and better understanding of cutaneous inflammatory diseases.


Introduction: The fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) has a prevalence of about 2% and is characterized by generalized musculoskeletal pain, reduced pain threshold and autonomic and functional symptoms. It is a multifactorial syndrome with four different subgroups exhibiting pathophysiological and psychiatric findings. No precise treatment strategy is currently available for the different FMS subgroups. Areas covered: This article reviews the evidence for treatment options for the different FMS subgroups. Expert opinion: Therapy for the first subgroup of primary FMS, with high levels of pain but no psychopathological alterations, is targeted at nociceptors expressing serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine-3; 5-HT3) receptors with 5-HT3 receptor antagonists. The second and third subgroups are characterized by depressive syndromes with a major indication for antidepressants. The fourth subgroup with psychosomatic syndromes requires psychotherapeutic treatment. Secondary FMS is similar to the primary syndromes but is triggered by a variety of other diseases and frequently responds to 5-HT3 receptor antagonist treatment. Different classes of drug, such as pregabalin, must be tested for efficacy and tolerance. FMS treatment strategies should be tailored after the identification of individual FMS subgroups. Although several groups of drug have been studied extensively, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists are most effective in patients without psychopathological alterations.


According to the sound radiation of separable radiation source, and by using the superposition principle and iterative summation of infinite progression, a mathematic model is established for calculating the space sound field distribution of an unseparable leakage sound radiation source spurted from a round hole on the heatexchanger wall. By using the model, we calculate a distant space sound field distribution of a sound source spurted from a round hole with a homogeneous amplitude, and obtain a pattern of sound level, phase and space distribution. A comparation of the space distribution characteristics is made with that spurted from a right angle hole. It is found that the two case have a same space distribution characteristics, a deaf region appears, and it is also found that in the x-y plane, the distribution of sound field is independent of the form of leakage hole, but it is related closely to the radiation frequency.


It discusses the essentiality and contents of reliability test of EW equipments' software . The difficulties of reliabiliry test are analyzed in terms of quantification of assessment index,design of test case and establishment of intelligent experiment platform. Finally, the solutions to the reliability test problems are suggested.


In this chapter, we describe a novel form of near-field microscopy known as Total Internal Reflection Tomography (TIRT), which allows for three-dimensional subwavelength imaging. It is based on recent theoretical advances regarding the fundamental interaction of light with sub-wavelength structures, as well as stable algorithms for the


A new orthogonal polynomials based transform coding scheme has been presented in this paper. A class of orthogonal polynomial functions for obtaining polynomial operators with different sizes is proposed. The statistical design of experiments paradigm has been used to separate out the spatial variation within the image region due to discriminable low level features from the spatial variation due to unexplained sources called noise. The degree of this separationability can be controlled by specifying the level of signal-to-noise ratio. The process of separation of signals during polynomial transform coding is based on the proposed statistical hypothesis testing procedures. The results are encouraging.


This paper continues the authors' investigation of a novel direct RF sampling digital radiometer (DSDR) that would be suitable for use in large L-band aperture synthesis sensors. The authors' focus is to solve for the noise-equivalent sensitivity (NE/spl Delta/T) of a two-element, correlation DSDR, which would generate the visibility samples for aperture synthesis. An outline of the discrete-time statistical NE/spl Delta/T derivation is presented for typical Earth remote sensing design conditions. They find that a hypothetical 3-bit L-band DSDR could attain a sensitivity within 3.8% of the figure for an ideal analog correlation radiometer.


A clear understanding of dynamics of conjugated it-systems on the surface provides a fundamental theoretical basis for the design of photochromic materials, organic conduc- tors, and nano-switches centers. The present paper is focused on a detailed examination of the excited state dynamics of stilbene molecule, both isolated in the gas phase and physisorbed on an inert surface. By obtaining a fundamental understanding of the pro- cesses this molecule can undergo in both environments, we hope to gain insight into not only how desired isomerization channels in the case 7-systems might be enhanced and controlled, but also how a surface can influence a photoisomerization process.


Hydrodynamic dynamometers are primarily used in stationary testing of large internal combustion engines. They are inexpensive, have a small moment of inertia and cover the entire range of internal combustion engines, so their use for dynamical testing would be interesting, but actually they are not used for this purpose due to the strongly nonlinear behavior. Against this background, this paper proposes a cascaded speed control approach based on an inversion of the output nonlinearities. Available degrees of freedom are used to take into account boundaries on fluid temperatures. Measurements on a dynamic truck engine test bench show that the proposed approach is able to offer a significantly better performance with respect to the standard control, allowing an extension of the application of hydrodynamic dynamometers from purely stationary tests to dynamic testing used e.g. in emission legislation.


Big time college athletics (BTCA), is a fascinating phenomenon, one that presents the organizational scholar with intriguing questions. On the one hand, there exists minimal congruence between BTCA and the core mission of universities. On the other hand, BTCA continues to grow and, some might argue, thrive. The seminal puzzle to be addressed in the symposium will be to explain this "lack of congruence--yet thriving" paradox. More specifically--we will address (1) how it is that, in spite of calls for change by salient stakeholders, we see no change that results in the called for increase in congruence between BTCA and the core mission of universities, and (2) how such change might occur. A central purpose of the symposium will be to relate our discussion concerning BTCA to other organizational contexts.


This paper deals with recursive state estimation for nonlinear systems. A new set of σ-points for the Unscented Kalman Filter is proposed as well as a way to substitute a nonlinear output with a linear one. The importance of the function of the state which must be estimated is also illustrated and the need for taking it into account when designing the state estimator. All the proposed methods are compared with standard Extended Kalman Filter, Unscented Kalman Filter and Particle Filter with Sampling Importance Resampling using simulations. The results show that the modifications proposed in some cases lead to considerable reduction in estimation error.


The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hyaluronic acid on the stability of the functional spinal unit (FSU) after discectomy. The study included 20 Cercopithecus monkeys. Through a left retroperitoneal approach, four FSUs were exposed and nucleotomy performed. On one level a simple nucleotomy was done, while hyaluronic acid was inserted into one space, hylaform into another, and hylaform and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 into the fourth. The specimens were evaluated radiologically and histologically at the University of Marburg, Germany. The vertebral height of all segments remained mostly unchanged. Insertion of hylaform with BMP-2 led to ossification in 30%. There was no ossification after insertion of hyaluronic acid alone or in 10% of simple nucleotomies. The insertion of hyaluronic acid shows a promising capability of preventing disc collapse after nucleotomy and may enhance the favourable outcome of minimally invasive procedures.


The genus Yramea Reuss, 1920 (= Chilargynnis Bryk, 1944, a junior objective synonym) contains five valid South American species, distributed along the Andes of Peru, Bolivia, Chile and Argentina, spreading into the Patagonian flatlands, Tierra del Fuego and the Falkland (= Malvinas) Islands (LAMAS 2004). Yramea is regarded as a member of the Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae, Heliconiini, but its subtribal position within Heliconiini is still uncertain (HARVEY 1991). It is putatively related to the Old World genera Kuekenthaliella Reuss, 1921 and Prokuekenthaliella Reuss, 1927 (REUSS 1927), although some authors (e.g. ACKERY et al. 1995) regard all three as subjective synonyms of Issoria Hübner, [1819]. However, SHIRÔZU & SAIGUSA (1973), HARVEY (1991), and LAMAS (2004) consider Yramea a valid genus, separate from Issoria, the latter a member of subtribe Argynnina. Based on whether the proximal end of the aedeagus was open or closed, WARREN et al. (1946) divided 'Argynninae' into two tribes, namely 'Argynnidi' and 'Boloriidi', including Yramea among the former. On the other hand, based on comparative studies of male and female genitalia, SIMONSEN (pers. comm.) regards Yramea and Boloria Moore, 1900, as very closely related genera, and thus Yramea and Boloria would be included in subtribe Yrameina Reuss, 1926 (of which Boloriidi Warren, dos Passos & Grey, 1946, would become a junior subjective synonym). Division of Heliconiini into two subtribes is supported by preliminary molecular evidence provided by AUBERT et al. (1996). Yramea was very succinctly introduced as a new genus by REUSS (1920), in a footnote, claiming that its type species, Papilio cytheris Drury, 1773, exhibited androconial scales distributed along some forewing veins, morphologically unlike "any northern [i.e. holarctic] species". Further details were offered in two subsequent papers (REUSS 1921a, b), and partly illustrated in a third contribution (REUSS 1921c), including forewing venation, wing shape, androconial morphology, and male genitalia characters.


FLO_ELEC is a program for the prediction of three-dimensional flows in a Cartesian coordinate system. It is highly suitable for modelling flow in idealised electronic and room type geometries.


Nuclear factor kappa B (NF–κB) is a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer. In the current study, a new class of oxazine– and piperazine–linked pyrimidines was developed as inhibitors of NF–κB, overcoming the complexity of the oxazine structure found in nature and enabling synthesis under laboratory conditions. Among the series of synthesized and tested oxazine–pyrimidine and piperazine–pyrimidine derivatives, compounds 3a and 5b inhibited breast cancer cell (MCF–7) viability with an IC50 value of 9.17 and 6.29 µM, respectively. In silico docking studies showed that the pyrimidine ring of 3a and the 4–methoxybenzyl thiol group of 5b could strongly bind the p65 subunit of NF–κB, with the binding energies −9.32 and −7.32 kcal mol−1. Furthermore, compounds 3a and 5b inhibited NF–κB in MCF–7 breast cancer cells. In conclusion, we herein report newer structures that target NF–κB in BC cells.


A field experiment was carried out at Horticultural Research Farm, Precision Farming Development Centre, Department of Horticulture, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh during the year 2009- 2010 in Randomized Block Design with three replications and ten treatment combinations ( 100%, 80%, 60%, and 40% water through drip irrigation system with and without polythene mulch + Basin irrigation with and without mulch). Fruits characters, yield and yield attributing parameter were higher under drip irrigation with 0.6 V volume of water + polythene mulch (T8) and the same characters were lowest under control (Basin irrigation with V- volume of water). Application of black plastic mulch with drip irrigation system can conserve moisture, check the growth of weeds and improve the fruit yield and quality. Water use efficiency was higher under drip irrigation with 0.6 V volume of water + polythene mulch and low under basin irrigation with V volume of water. The net income and benefit cost ratio was also higher under the treatment T8 as compared to surface method of irrigation.


As rapid technological developments are having an influence on human life in a number of ways due to quick advancements in many sectors; technology must also be implemented to make human existence easier to live. Water contamination is a major issue in wetlands and other bodies of water. Increased water contamination in the form of waste debris is affecting marine animal life and putting their lives in jeopardy. Similarly, some marine animals mistakenly consume surface waste debris as food, resulting in animal death. Attempting to make changes to reduce water contamination, this research work has developed a novel village pond cleaner model. A village pond cleaner is a system that removes waste debris from the surface of the water and disposes it safely in the water body. The pond cleaner in the village uses Bluetooth technology to remove drainage debris, plastic, and garbage from the pond. This machine has a cleaner mechanism that collects and removes waste and garbage from different water bodies. This also reduces the challenges faced in manually collecting debris. A computer can remove waste surface debris from water sources, resulting in less water contamination and, as a result, it reduces the death rate of marine animals. The proposed model is made up of a belt drive mechanism that lifts debris out of the water. This project would be used to remove surface water debris from ponds, lakes, and other water bodies.


According to some embodiments the triple-clad optical fiber comprises a core, a first inner cladding, a second inner cladding, and an outer cladding wherein: (i) the core comprises a radius r0 and a first index of refraction n0; (ii) the first inner cladding surrounds the core and has a numerical aperture of at least about 0.12, and a second index of refraction n1 such that n10, (iii) the second inner cladding surrounds the first inner cladding a numerical aperture of at least about 0.2, and a second index of refraction n2 such that n2>n1, wherein a relative refractive index percent (delta %) of the second cladding relative to the outer cladding is greater 1%; and (iv) the outer cladding surrounds the second inner cladding and has a third index of refraction n3 such that n3


Background Infliximab dependency in children with Crohn's disease (CD) has recently been described and found to be associated with a decreased surgery rate. Aim To assess infliximab dependency of adult CD patients, evaluate the impact on surgery, and search for possible clinical and genetic predictors. Methods Two hundred and forty-five CD patients treated with infliximab were included from Danish and Czech Crohn Colitis Database (1999–2006). Infliximab response was assessed as immediate outcome, 1 month after infliximab start: complete, partial, and no response. Three months outcome, after last intended infusion: prolonged response (maintenance of complete/partial response), infliximab dependency (relapse requiring repeated infusions to regain complete/partial response or need of infliximab >12 months to sustain response). Results Forty-seven percent obtained prolonged response, 29% were infliximab dependent and 24% nonresponders. The cumulative probability of surgery 40 months after infliximab start was 20% in prolonged responders, 23% in infliximab-dependent patients and 76% in nonresponders (P<0.001). The cumulative probability of surgery at 40 months in patients on maintenance versus on demand regime was 33 and 31%, respectively (P=0.63). No relevant clinical or genetic predictors were identified. Conclusion The infliximab dependency response seems to be equivalent to the prolonged response in adult CD patients when comparing surgery rates.


The Apple Macintosh has been available since 1984, but there has been little development of commercial geological software for it. The author briefly reviews what geological software is available for the Macintosh


The influence of Ag ̄+ ions on the evolution of O_2 and the anodic formation of Mn ̄(3+)at Pt and Pb IPbO_2 anodes was investigated in concentrated sulfuric acid solutions. The ki netic data related respectively to Mn ̄(3+) anodic formation and O_2 anodic evolution at Pt and Pb |PbO_2 anodes in mixed H_2SO_4-MnSO_4 solutions were measured by resolving the steady-state polarization curves. The Tafel slope of steady-state -lgi relationships for Mn ̄(3+) anodic for mation reaction is close to 2× 2. 303RT/βF, whereas for O_2 anodic evolution it is close to 2. 303RT/βF(with β 0. 5). The influence of Ag ̄+ ions on the kinetics of evolution and Mn ̄(3+) anodic formation at Pt and Pb |PbO_2 electrodes was compared as a function of Ag ̄+ ions concentration. The O_2 evolution and Mn ̄(3+) formation rate increased uniformly with increasing Ag ̄+ ions concentration in the electrolytes. The kinetic data show that Mn ̄(3+) anodic formation (i (Mn ̄(3+)) ) and O_2 anodic evolution (i (O_2)) increased by Ag ̄+ ions. Since the effect on I (Mn ̄(3+) )was larger than that on i(O_2) at the Pt electrode and smaller than that on i(O_2) at the Pb |PbO_2 electrode , the current efficiency of Mn ̄(3+) formation increased at the Pt electrode and decreased at the Pb |PbO_2 electrode.


THINGS HAVE come to a pretty pass when deciding whether or not nursing care should be free at the point of delivery depends on bricks and mortar. Sounds ridiculous? That's because it is. And it's a very confusing situation, too. There was a phenomenal amount of media coverage of the Court of Appeal judgement last week relating to Pamela Coughlan, a woman who took legal action against the health authority which threatened to close the NHS nursing home which she had been promised would be her home for life.


The incidental injection of metallic mercury into soft tissue is a rare event in the general population. Mercury can produce local inflammation, abscesses, granuloma, and membranous fat necrosis. Herein, we report a rare case of soft tissue mercury deposits with imaging findings, including magnetic resonance (MR) imaging findings, located at the mercury droplet deposits which appear as signal voids on all sequences, with surrounding intermediate to high signal intensity on the T2- weighted image.


By using straight and white teeth as a metaphor for a straight and White identity, the author reflects on how this identity is performed, maintained, and often problematic. Using literature about identity performance, three different voices speak to and from straight and White identity. Using irony by blending arrogance and ignorance in the voice of the straight and White author, these voices illustrate the cracks in straight and White performance by taking the extreme positions that these performances often rest on. These voices illustrate how education, religion, and hygiene make and maintain (often) arrogant and ignorant straight and White identities. These three voices speak to each other to demonstrate how a methodology that foregrounds our bodies provides space to understand the visibility of identity performances and the politics of writing about with that visibility.


An expeditious growth in population, urbanization and industrialization demands for non-polluted air for better life standards in smart cities, metro cities and urban areas. A move towards better life standards is to encourage green transportation for the needs of future generations. One such solution is to use electric vehicles (EVs), but still 3/4th of today's transportation had relying on petrol and their by-products-based engines due to lack of awareness, fire accidents, storage limitation, charging times and lack of charging infrastructure. So, to address one of the said limitations proposed a compact, efficient, and simple novel DC-DC converter for medium gain applications. It is first of its kind uses one controlled switch and two uncontrolled switches along with coupled inductor which also made the proposed converter to be the potential converter stage in the onboard charger, electrical drive system and fast charging infrastructure. A mathematical analysis carried out to find values inductance, capacitance, and duty cycle to get the required gain. The CI based converter is simulated in MATLAB Simulink environment under open loop and closed loop.


The MYC oncoprotein is activated in a broad spectrum of human malignancies and transcriptionally reprograms the genome to drive cancer cell growth. Given this, it is unclear if targeting a single effector of MYC will have therapeutic benefit. MYC activates the polyamine-hypusine circuit, which post-translationally modifies the eukaryotic translation factor eIF5A. The roles of this circuit in cancer are unclear. Here we report essential intrinsic roles for hypusinated eIF5A in the development and maintenance of MYC-driven lymphoma, where loss of eIF5A hypusination abolishes malignant transformation of MYC-overexpressing B cells. Mechanistically, integrating RNA-seq, Ribo-seq and proteomic analyses revealed that efficient translation of select targets is dependent upon eIF5A hypusination, including regulators of G1-to-S phase cell cycle progression and DNA replication. This circuit thus controls MYC's proliferative response, and it is also activated across multiple malignancies. These findings suggest the hypusine circuit as a therapeutic target for several human tumor types.


Nuclear receptors are transcription factors that respond to external lipophilic signaling molecules by recruiting coactivators that enhance target gene expression. Liver receptor homolog‐1 (LRH‐1) is a nuclear receptor that drives ERα signaling and expression of cell cycle regulatory genes. LRH‐1 antagonists are therefore attractive potential therapeutics for the treatment of ERα positive and negative breast cancer. However, mechanistic studies exploring LRH‐1 antagonism are incredibly limited due to the lack of structural insight on the few existing compounds that decrease receptor activity. Using structure‐guided compound design, we have made modifications to the chemical scaffold of a highly potent LRH‐1 agonist to target and disrupt the region of the receptor responsible for coactivator binding. Our strategy effectively decreases LRH‐1 thermal stability, coactivator association, and transcriptional activity. Interestingly, molecular dynamics simulations reveal that antagonism is achieved through disruption of allosteric paths of communication unique to LRH‐1. Our work therefore characterizes a highly efficacious small molecule LRH‐1 antagonist and provides mechanistic insight into how signaling for this receptor can be effectively disrupted without large structural rearrangements.