This paper begins with an outline drawing connections between fiction and delusion. I continue by turning fictionality into a device in artistic practice. I will then give an account of an exhibition that positions the spectator within fictionality, whilst being deprived of definite meaning. However, a withdrawal from meaning as reality, may function as a potential. My case includes an artistic practice with a fictitious collaborator. This partnership is manifest in the on-going process titled Lena Séraphin, Andrea Meinin Bück and The Don Quixote Complex. The work consists of letters, drawings, imagery and documents from the Finnish Defence Force and the Imperial War Museum in London. The archival photographs are repurposed in the exhibition. They are exhibited in a narrative context in order to show that interpretation is contingent (to context). In order to present a fictitious figure as true I have to fully claim the illusion of fiction. As a result, the audience is being compromised. This can be regarded problematic, but in my paper I regard fictionality as a productive method. Conclusively the fictitious data will be interpreted anew arguing for belief rather than knowledge. Interpretation is less seen as acknowledgment of contents than an encounter with a hybrid self that drifts between substance and insignificance. A fictional approach stresses subjectivity, designs potential and is independent of the proliferation of meaning. Keywords; fictionality, subjectivity, the double, potential, doxa The Compromised Audience This article presents a motif , that concerns a blurring of fact and fiction. The Don Quixote Complex, refers to identification as a total process, a problematic state according to Jay Martin. He argues that "The identification does not stop at resemblance – it becomes total, incorporating the violent and depressive aspects of the fictional character without selfexamination, in a completely scrutinized, indiscrete manner (Martin, 1988, 81)." However, as I demonstrate in artworks and presentations, identification in art can be a productive device. In order to argue for a constructive use of identification in art, this paper begins with introducing a fellow-artist and counterpart Andrea Meinin Bück. The presentation is based on artistic collaboration and an over ten-year-long correspondence. Our mutual exhibitions consist of images, both artistic photographs and documentary material, drawings and excerpts from letters. Meinin Bück is an Austrian photographer and a documentarist of European cultural heritage under the threat of demolition. In her work she has become acquainted with cultural heritage sites that are threatened because of aggressive new construction and inadequate resources for renovation. Meinin Bück has become increasingly disillusioned about the factors that drive the preservation of cultural values and her burning interest has resulted in radicalisation. Lena Séraphin is a Finnish visual artist and currently a doctoral candidate at the Aalto University in Finland. Her research investigates the potential of fictionality in contemporary arts. Séraphin completed a radioessay titled The Life-thirsting Shadow, show-casing the literary motif of the double for a broad audience, in 2013 for YLE/Radio Vega. Writer Kurt Vonnegut has shown in his works, how people come alive when they are in character and play a role (Vonnegut, 2010). He conveys a conception of art as a transformative force. Vonnegut published a short story entitled Who Am I This Time? in 1968. However, it had been published as My Name Is Everyone in 1961. The two titles summon a question and an answer. Vonnegut requests identities and answers by opening potential for projected subjectivity. The literary motif of the double or the Doppelgänger can be regarded as a study of projected subjectivity. My work with Andrea Meinin Bück brings the double into a visual contemporary realm. I became acquainted with Andrea Meinin Bück via a plethora of disreputable articles in the French media thirteen years ago. At the time, Meinin Bück, an Austrian photographer born in 1968, had a contract with the Vera Incessu Patuit Dea Foundation. Her assignment was to document European cultural heritage on the verge of abandon. In her work, she visited cultural heritage sites that were threatened because of aggressive new construction and inadequate resources for renovation. She became increasingly disillusioned about the factors that drove the preservation of cultural values. Her burning interest resulted in radicalisation. On one tragic night thirteen years ago, good intentions led to shocking consequences. Meinin Bück has been serving a life sentence for the murder of a French property agent since 2001. Liebe Lena, 10/12 2001 Thank you for your kind letter and interest. Yes, I do get a lot of post, most of it is twisted fan mail of all sorts. Some see prison like a resort. My vacation is of a permanent nature, not really holidays when it lasts forever. I don't have access to the internet so emails are not possible, but please do read my note as one of many to be sent northbound.


We propose a new approach for face recognition under arbitrary illumination conditions, which requires only one training image per subject (if there is no pose variation) and no 3D shape information. Our method is based on the result of Basri and Jacobs (2001), which demonstrated that the set of images of a convex Lambertian object obtained under a wide variety of lighting conditions can be approximated accurately by a low-dimensional linear subspace. In this paper, we show that we can recover basis images spanning this space from just one image taken under arbitrary illumination conditions. First, using a bootstrap set consisting of 3D face models, we compute a statistical model for each basis image. During training, given a novel face image under arbitrary illumination, we recover a set of images for this face. We prove that these images are the set of basis images with maximum probability. During testing, we recognize the face for which there exists a weighted combination of basis images that is the closest to the test face image. We provide a series of experiments that achieve high recognition rates, under a wide range of illumination conditions, including multiple sources of illumination. Our method achieves comparable levels of accuracy with methods that have much more onerous training data requirements.


Everything on earth tends to function in cycles in terms of physical, biological, social, and economical change. This is one of the most fundamental principles of science. All long term trends eventually reverse themselves and move in opposite directions during times of fundamental ecological or societal change. We are living through such a time of change, within agriculture, within rural communities, and in the larger human society. Though change is inevitable it should not affect the eco system and ensure the smooth flow of livelihood. The current transition is being driven by questions of sustainability. We simply cannot continue to extract and exploit. At present it is a necessary to find ways to meet the needs of the present without compromising the future as we are rapidly depleting the natural and human resources of the earth to a greater extent. Consequently, we must shift from an economy of reliance on non renewable sources to reliance on renewable sources. Today it is a must to shift from a wasting, discarding, disposing society to a conserving, reusing, and recycling society.


China has added to its current Criminal Code a system of life imprisonment without commutation of sentence or parole, which is applicable only to death-row offenders convicted of particularly serious corruption and bribery offences. The creation of the system of life imprisonment is conducive to reducing the public's superstitious belief in the death penalty, thereby advancing the progress of its abolition; however, because the relevant legislation is not yet mature, there is great controversy in theoretical circles over the nature, application methods and scope of the system of life imprisonment. In order to improve China's current life imprisonment system, it is necessary, at the legislative level, to specify in detail the conditions and methods of application of the life imprisonment system, and, at the judicial level, to make full use of global information technology to improve the prison management system and raise the level of medical care for offenders.


This squib analyzes a type of ellipsis in Japanese, which I dub particlestranding ellipsis (PSE). This elliptic pattern, first documented by Hattori (1949, 1960), has been discussed in subsequent work (Arita 2009, Hayashi 2001, Sato 2008, Sato and Ginsburg 2006, 2007, Vance 1993, Yoshida 2004) but has not received due attention in the literature. PSE is used as a truncated reply in colloquial dialogues, as shown in (1). In this dialogue, where Speaker A's question introduces Tanaka as the topic of conversation, Speaker B's response begins with the noncontrastive topic marker -wa.


We examined sex, socioeconomic status (SES), classism, modern sexism, and locus of control as uniquely contributing factors to college students' career decision self-efficacy. A total of 139 college students participated in the survey, and the hypothesis was tested with hierarchical regression. Results revealed that (a) sex and SES do not significantly contribute to classism and modern sexism to college students' career decision self-efficacy and (b) classism and modern sexism, internality and luck uniquely contributed to college students' career decision self-efficacy above and beyond the variances accounted for sex and SES. Results indicate the importance of classism and modern sexism over actual sex and SES in predicting college students' career decision self-efficacy.


Carbon dioxide and sulfur hexafluoride have been used as electron scavengers in the γ-radiolysis of cyclohexane. The dependence of G(H2) on the concentrations of additives can be interpreted satisfactorily in terms of diffusion-controlled reactions between electrons and the additives. A simple calculation was made using a function proportional to r2exp(−αr2) for the initial distribution of secondary electrons. The distribution constant α and the value of G(electrons) were adjusted to make the calculated curve of G(H2) vs- scanvenger concentration coincide with the observed one. The average initial separation of the secondary electron from the parent positive ion was found to be about 50 A, and G(electrons) = 3.


[Objective] Danlu Tongdu tablets treatment of lumbar disc herniation patients.[Methods] 100 patients diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation were randomly divided into two groups,treatment group Danlu Tongdu tablets treatment,acupuncture treatment control group,20 days after the effects were observed.[Results] The total effective rate was 88%,the cure rate was 60%;the control group,the total effective rate was 78%,the cure rate was 38%.The main symptoms before treatment difference between the two groups were not statistically significant(P 0.05).[Conclusion] Danlu Tongdu tablets exact treatment of lumbar disc herniation.


Our recent advances in solid-state cavity quantum electrodynamics (CQED) and lasing oscillation in single quantum dot (QD)-photonic crystal (PhC) nanocavity coupled systems are discussed. These include the fabrication of high quality two-dimensional PhC nanocavities, which enable the generation of spontaneous two photon emission from a single QD, and the realization of lasing oscillation with single QD gain in the strong coupling regime. Moreover, CQED in a one-dimensional PhC nanobeam cavity is discussed.


This paper gives a general introduction to the digital watermarking procedures and their security aspects. The first issue is to clarify unifying and differentiating properties of steganography and watermarking. Then the most important aspects of digital watermarking are reviewed by studying application, requirement and design problems. We put emphasis on the importance of digital watermark as an effective technology to protect intellectual property rights and legitimate use of digital images. In the paper we provide an overview of the most popular digital watermarking methods for still images available today. The watermarking algorithms are divided into two major categories of spatial and transform domains. Because of outstanding robustness and imperceptibility the transform domain algorithms are the mainstream of research. Popular transforms of images include the DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) ([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]), DCT (Discrete Cosine Transform) ([1, 3, 6, 5]) and DWT (Discrete Wavelet Transform) ([1, 3, 4, 7, 6, 5]). In the paper we emphasize the advantageous features of DWT such as local time-frequency and multi-scale analysis, preserving the quality of host image and ensuring high robustness of watermark. Finally, we present three algorithms which are based on the combination of DWT and some other transformations like DFT ([4]), DCT ([6]) and the Arnold transform ([7, 6]). Finally, we discuss security requirements and possible attacks on the watermarking systems.


For the study of tropical regions with satellite data, the atmosphere is an important factor that modifies the satellite signal. For this reason, it is necessary to include its effect on the digital image processing in order to get an accurate interpretation. A description of an algorithm for the calculation of the surface reflectance is given at the beginning of this paper. The algorithm is based on a simplification of the theoretical radiative transfer equations. The results of the reflectance obtained by application of this algorithm to several images, were compared to those calculated by the 5S computation code. Furthermore, a discussion is presented for evaluating the advantages and limitations of the utilisation of the proposed algorithm for tropical environmental studies. Finally, the results obtained from supervised classifications confirm the importance of the atmosphere on thematic tropical studies using satellite digital data.


The notion of performance normally associated with it other three notions, namely efficiency, economy and effectiveness. Involves either maximizing efficiency results obtained with a given amount of resources or minimizing resources to achieve a predetermined result, being in all cases a report, a comparison of effectiveness (outcome) and effective effort (expense) to obtain the result by a or process. Economics aims at training resources at minimum cost. Effectiveness is the quality of process to produce the desired results and that acts as a control criterion level and the achievement of objectives.


. Extracellular product (ECP) antigens of Aeromonas salmonicida were modified in an attempt were tested on an antigen-induced proliferation assay, for the ability to induce antibodies as measured by dot blot dot assay and as vaccines in vaccination/challenge trials. Modifications tested included particularization on to polystyrene beads, coating on to sheep red blood cells, mixing with BCG vaccine as adjuvant, and attachment to the T-independent carrier Fieoll. The only modification that resulted in increased protection levels was the particularization on to polystyrene beads.


The Health System Reform needs the co-reform of medical institutions,medical insurance,and drug industry.Medical institutions subsystem,medical insurance subsystem and drug industry subsystem are interrelated with each other.By analyzing the main stakeholders of the HSR and the relationship between the three subsystems,the paper applies system dynamics to reveal reasons of vicious circle and builds a virtuous cycle.It proposes that the keys to the virtuous cycle are fulfilling government responsibility,establishing internal incentive and restraint mechanisms of medical institutions,and improving medical insurance.


A severe cyclone, named Aila, passed over Kolkata on 25 May 2009. The strong convective activities manifested through rainfall during the cyclone were studied with multi-technique observations involving micro rain radar, disdrometer, rain gauges, and a Ku-band satellite signal receiving system. A number of features of precipitation, namely the presence of large rain drops, the large vertical extent of the precipitating layer, an unusual enhancement of cross-polar component, and strong scintillations of the co-polar component of the satellite signal due to strong turbulences associated with the cyclone, were observed. This study leads to a more comprehensive understanding of the precipitation associated with a cyclonic storm.


We consider the problem of pulsed biexciton preparation in a quantum dot and show that a pulse-sequence with a simple on-off-on modulation can achieve complete preparation of the target state faster than the commonly used constant and hyperbolic secant pulses. The durations of the pulses composing the sequence are obtained from the solution of a transcendental equation. Furthermore, using numerical optimal control, we demonstrate that for a wide range of values of the maximum pulse amplitude, the proposed pulse-sequence prepares the biexciton state in the numerically obtained minimum time, for the specific system under consideration. We finally show with numerical simulations that, even in the presence of dissipation and dephasing, high levels of biexciton state fidelity can be generated in short times.


In this work, a procedure based on the Intersection Approach, is proposed to synthesize the near-field pattern of transmitarray antennas. First, the model for the computation of the amplitude and phase of the electric field in the near-field region is described and validated by comparison with full-wave simulations. Next, the proposed phase-only synthesis algorithm is detailed. Using fast Fourier transforms, it iteratively seeks for a feasible aperture phase profile that can fit near-field pattern constraints. The procedure is applied to synthesize a transmitarray generating a near-field shaped pattern on a plane parallel to the aperture. The impact of a uniform phase quantization on the near-field pattern and amplitude is analysed to provide design guidelines.


This thesis examines the influence of the intensity of pressure strain of structures printed on the value of air permeability. The measurement is carried out using Blower Door Test on six variants using OSB boards as airtightening layers in the building. Part of the research was to verify the suitability of the test chamber and measuring devices for similar purposes and adjustment chamber.


Summary Mechanical behaviour of magnetic fluids is influenced by magnetic field. In particular ultrasonic tests show anisotropy and dependence of wave parameters on strength of the field. Adopting the physical model of magnetic fluid as a composition chains of clusters (skeleton) in carrier liquid the soft porous media model of the material is considered. The model takes into account mutual interaction of clusters constituting soft skeleton and interaction of clusters with the carrier liquid. The description is used to determine attenuation and phase velocity of mechanical waves for transversally isotropic model of the fluid in constant magnetic field. The results are compared with experimental data for different intensity of magnetic field. model of soft porous media is considered. It is assumed that the two phases of the medium are: the soft skeleton made of interacting chains of clusters and the liquid composed of carrier liquid with free colloidal particles (particles not gathered into clusters). The mutual interactions of clusters are represented through non-vanishing components of stress tensor for the solid phase. The interactions of clusters with liquid are expressed as the sum of viscous, inertial drag and Basset force. Given the assumed symmetry of the medium (transversal isotropy) induced by DC magnetic field the possible harmonic wave modes predicted by the model in infinite medium are specified. Quantitative results obtained from the model for dependence of wave parameters on strength of magnetic field, angle between directions of magnetic field and wave, and on frequency are compared with experimental data. EXPERIMENTAL DATA The techniques which were used to study mechanical (acoustic) properties of magnetic liquids both with and without magnetic field are pulse and continuous wave methods. The methodology can be applied to observe anisotropy of mechanical properties of the liquids in variable strength of magnetic or electric field, study frequency dependence of wave parameters and test the materials in wide range of temperatures. They can be also useful to assess the role of carrier fluids, history of magnetic or electric loads etc. In the reported studies the measuring chamber with magnetic fluid was placed in constant magnetic field with maximum strength 1 T. The Figures 1 and 2 present results for ultrasonic attenuation and phase velocity versus magnetic field obtained from testing of liquid EMG-605 (Ferrofluidics) performed for pulse waves generated by transducer with frequency 1.18 MHz, parallel to the magnetic field. The results show that the attenuation is approaching a maximum value at certain strength of magnetic field and velocity increases monotonically with the field.


The research was at determining the knowledge, attitudes, and actions of farmers on the Qanun number 3 of 2016 regarding the control of productive cows and buffaloes to avoid slaughtering productive cows and buffaloes so that livestock populations are maintained. This research was conducted using a survey method for three months starting from May 2021 to July 2021. Breeders were selected using the purposive sampling method and interviews were conducted by filling out a validated questionnaire. The data analysis method used was descriptive qualitative analysis using a structured questionnaire to 110 farmer respondents with the criteria of having 2 years of experience in raising cattle, and raising female cows. The livestock population has increased since Qanun Number 3 was issued in 2016. The results of this study indicate that the level of knowledge of farmers is in a good category (72.5%), attitude is a very good category (83.2%) and action is good category (72.5%).


BACKGROUND
Trauma-informed care (TIC) is an evolving concept that acknowledges the prevalence and impacts of trauma on health; however, knowledge related to implementation for nursing students remains limited.

PURPOSE
The purpose of this study is to understand the learning perspectives of nursing students and develop an innovative conceptual model to guide educators in implementing teaching and learning strategies related to TIC, consistent with the trauma and resiliency competencies for nurses.

METHODS
Qualitative analysis of student responses after an online module to educate students on adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), trauma, and their impact on health through the lifespan.

RESULTS
Three persistent themes emerged from the data: Growing in Self-Awareness, Filling Learning Needs, and Envisioning Future Roles. From these themes, we developed a framework for TIC content for nursing and other healthcare curricula.

CONCLUSIONS
Our findings demonstrate a model to embed ACE education, TIC competencies, secondary traumatic stress awareness, and methods of self-care, including resiliency skills, into undergraduate nursing education.


Now-a-days, the natural fibers and fillers from renewable natural resources offer the potential to act as a reinforcing material for polymer composite material alternative to the use of synthetic fiber like as; glass, carbon and other man-made fibers. Among various natural fibers and fillers like banana, wheat straw, rice husk, wood powder, sisal, jute, hemp etc. are the most widely used natural fibers and fillers due to its advantages like easy availability, low density, low production cost and reasonable physical and mechanical properties This research work presents the effect of natural fillers loading with 5%, 10% and 15% on mechanical behavior of polyester based hybrid composites. The result of test depicted that hybrid composite has far better properties than single fibre glass reinforced composite under impact and flexural loads. However it is found that the hybrid composite have better strength as compared to single glass fibre composites.


In order to test and possibly improve contrail models, high-quality observations are needed to which multi-parameter model output can be compared. The mid-latitude cirrus experiment ML-CIRRUS was performed (see Voigt et al., this conference) with a suite of in-situ and Lidar instruments for airborne measurements on the research aircraft HALO.

Before and during the mission, CoCiP was run daily to provide 3-days forecasts of contrail cover using operational ECMWF forecasts and historical traffic data. CoCiP forecast output was made available in an internet tool twice a day for experiment planning. The one-day and two-day contrail forecasts often showed only small differences. Still, most recent forecast and detailed satellite observations results were transmitted via satellite link to the crew for onboard campaign optimization. After the campaign, a data base of realistic air traffic data has been setup from various sources and CoCiP was rerun with improved ECMWF-NWP data (at one-hour time resolution). The model results are included in the HALO mission data bank and the results are available for comparison to in-situ data. The data are useful for identifying aircraft and other sources for measured air properties. The joint analysis of observations and model result has basically just started. Preliminary results from comparisons with lidar-measured extinction profiles, in-situ measured humidity and nitrogen oxides, and with meteorological observations (wind, temperature etc.) illustrate the expected gain in insight.

The contrail forecasts have been checked by comparison to available data including satellite data and HALO observations. During the campaign, it became obvious that predicted contrail cirrus cover compared qualitatively mostly well with what was found when HALO reached predicted cirrus regions. Still considerable case-by-case differences occur, both between predicted and observed meteorology and predicted and observed contrail properties.

As expected, nature is far more variable than a model can predict. The observed optical properties of cirrus and contrails vary far more in time and space than predicted. Local values were often far higher or lower than mean values. A one-to-one correlation between local observations and model results is not to be expected. This inhomogeneity may have consequences for the climate impact of aviation induced cloud changes.


For efficient operation of a photovoltaic (PV) system accurate model of the PV module is required. In this paper a PV simulation model has been developed and has been validated with experimental results of a commercial PV module, ELDORA-40. Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) must be incorporated in the PV system to get maximum power from the PV system. Maximum power of PV depends on two external parameters, temperature and solar irradiation. Since solar irradiation has faster dynamics than temperature an effort has been given to track maximum power of a PV module using perturb and observe (P&O) MPPT for change of insolation. The study has been carried out in MATLAB-Simulink graphical user interface environment.


The paper presents a methodology for arriving at optimum bid markups in static competitive bidding environments by use of neurofuzzy systems and integrated multidimensional risk analysis algorithms. The neurofuzzy framework enables integration of the objective and subjective factors found in the underlying decision-making process, and serves as the stepping stone for the generation of the multidimensional probability distribution function that governs competitive bidding. Subsequent bid optimization is achieved by employing a multidimensional risk analysis algorithm.


The First Austrian Republic was proclaimed in November 1918. The new state's territory covered an area of 78,061 kilometres' and had a population of 6,000,000. Almost one third of the people of this small country lived within the boundaries of Vienna, and the administration which governed the city after the elections of 1919 had a permanent socialist majority. The policies which were implemented during the following fifteen years not only gave rise to a new title for the capital Rotes Wien or Red Vienna but also


A new approach is demonstrated that permits a reliable estimate of specific yield using published values of the van Genuchten water retention parameters and effective grain sizes and the measured effective grain sizes of soil samples. The specific yield distribution of the soil texture was computed using the published values of the van Genuchten parameters. The specific yield values and the published values of effective grain sizes were then used to construct a specific yield–effective grain size curve, which estimates the 'point' specific yield of the soil samples. Applying the central limit theorem, the point specific yields could be transformed into an 'areal' specific yield for a study area. Compared with other commonly used approaches, the present procedure requires relatively low computational efforts and readily obtainable data. It is cost effective and does not depend on soil texture classification. More importantly, it incorporates the depth to water table and the variations in grain sizes inherent in natural soil conditions in the estimation. The approach developed was applied for estimating the specific yield of an unconfined sandy aquifer created by land reclamation in the equatorial region. The values obtained were compared with field measurements and the typical ranges of specific yield from the literature. Instead of a single estimate of the specific yield, the method yields a confidence interval with a high confidence level of 95% and with a narrower range than the typical ranges from the literature. In addition, the estimated values are close to the field measurements; hence, the procedure provides a cost‐effective alternative to field measurement. The applicability of the present approach could be extended to sites with heterogeneity in the horizontal direction. Nevertheless, the applicability of the present approach for layered soil profiles requires further evaluations. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Agriculture is the science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals to provide food, wool and other products. The main objective of the study is to examine the effect of commercial bank credit on agricultural development in Nigeria. The specific objectives are to: Examine the effect of bank credit on the agricultural output in Nigeria, Assess the effect of government expenditure on agricultural output in Nigeria, Examine the impact of Agricultural Credit Guarantee Scheme Fund on agricultural output in Nigeria and Examine the effect of interest rate on agricultural output in Nigeria using secondary data collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria Annual Reports and Statement of Account. The data were analyzed using econometric techniques Augmented Dickey Fuller and Philip Perron tests for Unit Roots and the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) Technique. The study shows that credit to agricultural sector, government spending on agricultural sector and agricultural credit guarantee scheme fund have positive and significant effects on agricultural output while interest rate has negative and insignificant effect on agricultural output. The study therefore, concludes that commercial bank credit have positive effect on agricultural output in Nigeria and has increased agricultural production in Nigeria within the period under review. The study recommends that government should strengthen the agricultural credit guarantee scheme by meaningful budgetary allocation in order to enhance its capital base significantly. The Agricultural Credit Guarantee Scheme (ACGS) should improve on their conditions for credit guarantee in order to make agricultural financing attractive to commercial banks. The Central Bank of Nigeria should absorb some percentage of the losses incurred by deposit money banks on their exposure to the agricultural sector. This will further boost the confidence of lending banks and enhance agricultural production in Nigeria


For the unsupervised learning based clustering algorithm, the intrusion detection rate is low, and the training sample based on supervised learning clustering algorithm is insufficient. A semi-supervised kernel fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm based on artificial fish swarm optimization (AFSA-KFCM) is proposed. Firstly, the kernel function is used to change the distance function in the traditional semi-supervised fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm to define a new objective function, thus improving the probabilistic constraints of the fuzzy C-means algorithm. Then, the artificial fish swarm algorithm with strong global optimization ability is used to improve the KFCM sensitivity to the initial cluster center and easy to fall into the local extremum, thus improving the convergence speed and improving the classification effect. The test results in the Wine and IRIS public datasets show that the AFSA-KFCM clustering algorithm is superior to the traditional algorithm in clustering accuracy and time efficiency. At the same time, the experimental results in KDDCUP99 experimental data show that the algorithm can obtain the ideal detection rate and false detection rate in intrusion detection.


Analog output silicon temperature sensors offer an easy-to-use alternative to traditional temperature sensors, such as thermistors. The TC1047A offers many system-level advantages, including the integration of the temperature sensor and signal conditioning circuitry on a single chip. Analog output sensors are especially suited for embedded systems due to their linear output. This application note will discuss system integration, firmware implementation and PCB layout techniques for using the TC1047A in an embedded system. The firmware required to interface the TC1047A to a microcontroller will be demonstrated using the PICkitTM 1 FLASH Starter Kit. The PICkit 1 FLASH Starter Kit is a low-cost development kit with an easyto-use interface for programming Microchip's 8-pin and 14-pin FLASH family of microcontrollers.


Many methods synthesizing for dinitrotoluene were described.Separating high pure dinitrotoluene from crude dinitrotoluene was intraduced in detai is,and the problems in these methods were discussed.The importance and the inexorable trend of the study on the new nuisanceless separation methods were point out.


To study the durability degradation process of magnesium oxychloride-coated reinforced steel cement concrete under the combined effects of carbonation and water loss, the relative dynamic elastic m...


The dictionary is an essential learning tool for second and foreign language (L2) learners. Yet, the effects of dictionaries, either in printed or electronic form, have never been systematically investigated in the Algerian context. Consequently, this paper compared readers" L2 text comprehension and vocabulary retention across two dictionary conditions. Reading time, dictionary usage, degree of comprehension, and recall of words were the dependent measures employed. Forty-four EFL sophomores were assigned two reading tasks under two conditions: using a printed dictionary (PD) at one time and an electronic dictionary (ED) at another. The presentation mode of the reading tests was on computer screen alone. We used a piece of monitoring software (MS) to record the subjects" lookups in the ED condition and to take notes of the time each subject needed to finish the reading task in both conditions. A paired-samples ttest was then conducted to test the research hypotheses. As for the vocabulary retention tests, we administered a pretest and posttest to the subjects in both lookup conditions (PD and ED), and an independent-samples t-test was conducted to compare memory for words. The analysis of information revealed that the ED enabled the subjects to read the text in significantly less time than the PD did. It was also found that the subjects looked up significantly more words in the ED than in the PD. However, the results indicate that the type of dictionary accessed does not significantly influence comprehension. With regard to vocabulary retention, the findings revealed that PD lookup fosters better recall of vocabulary. It was concluded that EDs would be effective and motivating aids to reading comprehension but could be detrimental to vocabulary retention.


The present invention relates to a method for the direct sunlight (31) and to redirect light redirecting means (1) converging into the building, the apparatus comprising a substantially flat bottom surface (14) and substantially in the x-y plane a flat top surface (10) of the at least one transparent element (10) and for each of the transparent element (10) has a light reflector (20) planar surface, wherein said top surface (11) and a bottom surface (14) about the x axis is arranged at an angle to each other, the flat surface of the light reflector (20) is arranged substantially parallel and adjacent to the transparent element (10) of the bottom surface (14), wherein by lower refractive index than the reflective surface of the transparent element (10) is a transparent medium transparent member separated from the space (12), so that the incident light is incident on the device (31) is refracted by each transition interface material by the reflective element (20) reflector. The present invention further relates to a device (1) according to any preceding claim the use of the direct sunlight (31) and redirection method converging entering the building, the method comprising the steps of: arranging said apparatus (1 noon ) substantially perpendicular to the direct sunlight (31), and make a building wall or window adjacent the edges (40).


The present paper explores the hitherto unknown beginnings of the Ottoman-Russian imperial rivalry by focusing on the mid-16th-century encounter between the Ottoman Empire and the Tsardom of Muscovy over the North Caucasus, where the ambitions of these two asymmetric powers—the Ottomans being an established "super power" and the Muscovites a rising power—became entangled for the first time. This first encounter, which was the harbinger of many future engagements not only in this region but also in the broader steppe frontier around the Black Sea, was more of a "cold war" rather than a military confrontation, as both the Ottomans and the Muscovites rather preferred to establish spheres of influence and eventually their hegemony over the North Caucasus through their vassals and clients. In addition to demonstrating the Tsardom of Muscovy's initial claims and policies over the North Caucasus, this study will shed light on the reasons of the Ottoman failure to transform their nominal claims over the region to a de facto hegemony similar to what they had established over Eastern European principalities.


The present invention discloses a specific vehicle painted white to the trunk, intended to provide a mechanical instead of manual operation, a special vehicle trunk white-conservation to trees, the gist of the technical solution is: trunk invention Tubai special vehicle is a vehicle chassis, for pressure systems, telescopic arm, the reservoir, the spraying device, operation table. The pressure supply system, the telescopic arm, mounted on the console and reservoir vehicle chassis, said spraying device is mounted on the telescopic arm, between the console and the reservoir and the pressure supply system, the operation between each station and the telescopic arm and spraying device is connected to high pressure pipe, with a liquid supply tube connected between said reservoir and the spray means; adjust the height of the telescopic arm, the rotation angle of the telescopic boom length ; Thus, by manipulating the console staff can be achieved mechanization; said spraying means is semicircular liquid supply line and a fixed base frame consisting of; the liquid supply line box, installed in a fixed seat can be freely opened and closed; inner side of the liquid supply line with the spray head housing, the liquid supply line box around the upper end and provided with a closing plate, so that, when the semicircular liquid supply pipe when the box is closed path, to form a relatively closed cylindrical space; rational design of the present invention fill the gaps in the industry, mechanized operations, instead of manual work, improve efficiency, can be uniformly sprayed in the spraying liquid permeation or trunk bark into the crack, In manual work, avoid direct contact with the painted white liquid opportunities for staff, to prevent potential harm to spray the liquid on the human body.


Begonia speculum is described and illustrated as a new species endemic to the San Martin Region of Peru, and compared with Begonia cremnophila Tebbitt and Begonia lutea L.B.Sm. & B.G.Schub. Begonia erythrothrix is described and illustrated as a new species endemic to the Cuzco Region of Peru, and compared with an updated description of Begonia thyrsoidea Irmsch., which is lectotypified. Using International Union for Conservation of Nature criteria, Begonia speculum is considered Vulnerable; B. erythrothrix and B. thyrsoidea are assessed as Data Deficient.


THE experiencc of counselors and the evidence of research do not agree on the role of motivational factors in academic performance. Contact with students leaves one with the firm conviction that motives to achieve have much to do with how well students perform. Given the same level of ability one student may do well, another poorly, and the difference seems clearly related to emotional or motivational differences in the students. Because this observation is made every day there have been many attempts to include measures of motivation, personality, and adjustment in prediction batteries. However, the improvement in prediction with the addition of non-intellective predictors has rarely exceeded .05, although there was room for improvement since intellective predictors produce an average multiple correlation of $55. (Fishman, 1962) It is our impression that the addition of non-intellective variables to prediction formulas has not improved prediction appreciably because the relationships between variables assumed by multiple regression equations are not the same as those assumed by clinicians. Multiple regression equations presuppose linear compensation whereas the clinician operates with a sort of typology in which he sees individuals in certain categories rather than a t certain points along continuum. As hleehl's summary (1954) suggests, however, clinicians have not demonstrated any remarkable ability to capitalize on their more flexible model.


Now, thanks to a series of unprecedented large clinical trials, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) – a government-appointed panel of health experts – has issued a new and more definitive recommendation. Smokers age 55 to 80 who smoked a pack a day for 30 years or more – even if they quit within the pas 15 years – are most at risk of developing lung cancer. Every year, the USPSTF says, these smokers should get a low-dose CT scan to search for possible tumors.


key words: e-learning, linux, network ABSTRACT : Science is something very precious and very expensive in this day and age, people often spend a lot of money to seek knowledge in the field of interest. This is a constraint in the development, especially in Indonesia because the science is good only for those who have more money. By looking at the situation we need a forum to share their knowledge without having to spend money is by making an e-learning website, where visitors get some linux basic materials selected from each category and can download it for computer implemented visitor itself. E-learning made in writing specify again that this is more specifically talking about linux. In making this website use a web-based programming language that is PHP and uses MySQL database and a text editor to write a script that will be created using Macromedia Dreamweaver.


follows the fortunes of the sons of soldier families who were recruited into the French army. Many of these men were of slave status, so that the French army represented for them a new world of opportunity and possibility. After the First World War, many of them returned home, where they were regarded by French officials as 'unruly clients'. It was during this period that ex-soldiers, colonial administrators and military officers first elaborated a shared language of demands and counter-demands, claims and accusations, debt and mutual obligation, that was to shape the relationship between France and its African war veterans until the end of the century. The relationship was constantly renegotiated as the local and global context changed. For example, after the Second World War, there was a significant shift in the – still unequal – relationship, as the late colonial state began to court the war veterans as 'friends of France' in the run-up to independence. During this period, Mann also tells a fascinating story of 'military culture on the move', as tirailleurs are sent to France, the Levant, Madagascar, Indochina and North Africa. The unpaid 'blood debt' accrued by France was invoked again in 1996, when a number of African immigrants – the so-called sans-papiers – were expelled by the French government, and even more recently in the controversy over the freezing of African war veterans' pensions. Mann's approach in this work challenges not only the traditional dichotomies between centre and periphery, colonizer and colonized, French and African, but also between colonial and post-colonial, colonization and decolonization, citizen and subject. This has important theoretical implications for the writing of 'colonial' history. But, this is not first and foremost a work of theory. Highly readable, firmly rooted in a precise historical context and solidly based on new empirical research, Mann's work is a testament to, and an outstanding example of, the quality of new historical writing on the French colonial – and post-colonial – empire.


This project involves discovering how the company's stock performs in after-hours on the release day of its quarterly financial report and the day after. Project aims to use a variety of machine learning models to make predictions regarding the stock price movements based on the factors that reflect and affect investor reactions, namely, media coverage of financial news, companys' quarterly financial report and the difference between market performance and consensus expectation. The goal is to help finance companies to build their trading strategies, and furthermore, identify the key factors for company valuation.


Purpose: To compare and evaluate volumatric and dosimetric accuracy of 4DCT for stereotactic body radiotherapy between free breathing and maximum‐intensity projection (MIP) imaging. Methods: Three lungcancer patients who had undergone the treatment of stereotactic body radiotherapy and QUASAR respiratory motion phantom were used in this study. The Philips 85cm Big‐bore brilliance 16‐slice CT scanner with bellow‐belt system was used to generate the 4DCT data sets. The planning CT was done in free breathing (FB) conditions for treatment verification purpose. The patient 4DCT was obtained and its amplitude of motion parameters was used to acquire 4DCT data of moving phantom. Each patient had 13 different 4DCT sets. All these images were imported into the 3D‐RTP system. Treatment planning was made using ADAC Pinnacle 8.0 system for Synergy‐S linear accelerator for both phantom and patients for conformal stereotactic body radiotherapy. The treatment planning was made such as 0%‐plan, 10%‐plan, 20%‐plan 30%‐plan 40%‐plan 50%‐plan 60%‐plan 70%‐plan 80%‐plan, and 90%‐plan, AvgiP‐plan, MIP‐plan and FB‐plan for both phantom and patients for comparison. Results: In the phantom study, the percent of volume differences were found to be 55%, 35%, 74% between FB vs MIP for GTV, OAR‐1 and OAR‐2 respectively. In the patient study, the percent of volume differences were found to be 38% for GTV and 74%, for the spinal cord between FB vs MIP, respectively. All dosimetric variations between FB vs Avg‐iP CT based plans were found to be 10– 19.2% for target and OAR for both phantom and patients studies. Conclusions: The volumetric and dosimetric variations between free‐ breathing and MIP images for both phantom and patient targets and organs‐ at‐risk were significant. The free‐breathing CT was underestimated the volumes compared to MIP images. The effect of motion becomes important for accurate dose planning in stereotactic body radiotherapy.


This article reports on a study that explored cross-disciplinary variation in the use of metadiscourse markers in advanced-level student writing, put forward as a realistic target for novice writers. Starting from the stance and engagement categories included in Hyland's model, we first conducted a comprehensive quantitative analysis of interactional metadiscourse across disciplines. For this analysis, we used an automated processing tool that generates quantity scores for each metadiscourse category. We then carried out a detailed qualitative analysis of selected items that contributed significantly to these category scores. The data for our analyses come from a corpus of 829 student papers from 16 different disciplines. The results showed notable differences in students' use of metadiscourse features across academic divisions and disciplines. We suggest that this offers evidence of advanced students' ability to express interactional strategies that are in line with disciplinary expectations. We also found, however, that disciplines that fall into the same academic division were not necessarily similar in their use of interactional metadiscourse, which calls into question the usefulness of existing disciplinary groupings. The findings of this study offer insights into how to build an appropriate writerly stance in different academic communities.


Reaction of vinyliminophosphorane (I) with carbon disulfide gives intermediate isothiocyanate (III) which directly reacts with various aliphatic primary amines (IV) to afford the trisubstituted imidazolidinethiones (V).


Project54 is an effort to incorporate embedded mobile computing equipment and wireless networking into New Hampshire State Police cruisers. At the center of the system is the Application Manager - an executable application running under Windows 2000. It manages the execution of a set of applications. Most of the applications control individual electronic devices. The Application Manager allows one-to-one communication between applications. Using one-to-one communication applications can control, and receive feedback from, multiple electronic devices. Such applications can implement system-wide functions. Specifically, the voice interface and the logging functions are implemented as applications. In order to avoid hard coding data in the applications the Project54 system software uses the Registry to store configuration data and parameter values. The Project54 system was successfully tested in five New Hampshire State Police cruisers during everyday operation. The system is currently being installed in 75 NH State Police cruisers.


Abstract A series of (trifluoromethyl)cyclopropanes (TFCPs) tolerating a broad range of functional groups, known as tert-butyl bioisosteres, have been obtained from the cyclization reaction between nitromethane and 5-[β-(trifluoromethyl)styryl]isoxazoles in 70–94% yields and 75:25 to 90:10 dr. This method offers practical access to this cyclopropyl moiety of pharmacological interest, employing an inorganic base under phase-transfer conditions.


This paper is pondering about trafficking of dangerous waste across border. The reason why such act considered to be a harmful act to community health and environment since many industrious and developed countries were willing to pay a lot of money for undeveloped countries to be their dumping ground. This explains why many undeveloped countries tend to receive such dangerous waste. Trafficking of dangerous waste from developed to undeveloped countries exists in two form, cargo and trade. Cargo means that trafficking dangerous waste across border were considered to be illegal. Trade means that it was conducted through a legal mechanism. This paper explains such phenomenon by linking economic and political powers through the used of dependentia and world system theory. In concluding remark, it is recommended that industry from developed countries must produced, recycled and reused material on components it manufactured so it will not harm the environment. And for the undeveloped countries are expected to be consistent with the Basel Convention which banned receiving such dangerous waste.


A multidisciplinary research e.ort that combines aerodynamic modeling and gain-scheduled control design for aircraft flight at post-stall conditions is described. The aerodynamic modeling uses a decambering approach for rapid prediction of post-stall aerodynamic characteristics of multiple-wing con.gurations using known section data. The approach is successful in bringing to light multiple solutions at post-stall angles of attack right during the iteration process. The predictions agree fairly well with experimental results from wind tunnel tests. The control research was focused on actuator saturation and .ight transition between low and high angles of attack regions for near- and post-stall aircraft using advanced LPV control techniques. The new control approaches maintain adequate control capability to handle high angle of attack aircraft control with stability and performance guarantee.


Main spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods for determination of lipid oxidation in foods and biological systems are reviewed. A new classification, according to the compounds produced in the oxidation phases, is suggested as follows: measurement of oxygen absorption, conjugated dienes, peroxide values, and decomposition of lipid peroxides. Both conjugated dienes (propagation phase) and thiobarbituric acid (termination phase) methods are the most used, despite their interferences; however, chromatographic methods are more precise and selective. Determination of bioavailability and metabolic pathway of the antioxidants in the human body are problems to be solved in the devel opment of new biological antioxidants.


Objective: to review the scientific production related to the nursing cares to the child with cancer. Method: bibliographic study, descriptive uses the integrative review method of the literature. The data was collect in January of 2013 utilizing as data's base Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Nursing Database and Bibliographic Index on Health Sciences from Spain, in accordance with the inclusion criteria previously established. Results: The final sample was constituted by ten studies. The nursing care to the child with cancer is investigated from many perspectives prevailing research in hospital setting. There was a predominance of descriptive, exploratory studies of qualitative approach. The studies underscore the need to put the family in nursing care plans. Conclusion: the study evidences the need of capacitation professional and psychological supporting to the nurse acting of this clientele and appreciation of the subjective aspects of care. Descriptors: Pediatric nursing; Oncologic nursing; Nursing care; Neoplasms. RESUMEN: Objetivo: revisar la produccion cientifica sobre de los cuidados de enfermeria a los ninos con cancer. Metodo: estudio bibliografico, descriptivo utilizando el metodo de


Service resiliency is crucial to the operation of global-scale cloud applications with fine-grained replication (FGR). If poorly designed, a few disruptions may cause cascading failures or severely impair the level of service. Due to high complexity of FGR configuration problem, existing techniques usually rely on over-provisioning and static replica configuration to achieve reliability to a certain extent. Such approaches may suffer from slow disruption response and unnecessary sacrifice on service availability. This paper proposes a novel problem formulation of online FGR configuration for service resiliency, which includes a new definition of service availability and a new constraint of zero-data-move configuration. To efficiently solve the proposed problem, this paper presents a brand new optimal dimension reduction technique - Replica Vector Decomposition (RVD), which greatly reduces problem complexity while preserving solution optimality (by formal proof). A RVD-based framework is designed for the online FGR configuration problem. Our evaluation results show that RVD-based FGR configuration scheme achieves substantial speedup of online disruption response, significantly improves service resiliency, and maintains a high level of service in the face of multiple disruptions.


Warning signals of aposematic organisms often include patterns that contrast with background coloration, though controversy exists over their importance. Many dendrobatids have contrasting colors, but no work has established whether these are anti-predator components of the warning signal. We used 840 clay frog models to test whether a black spotted pattern on the red dorsum of the poison frog Oophaga pumilio (= Dendrobates pumilio) from Costa Rica enhances the aposematic signal. Model type, patterned or not patterned, did not predict predation. However, we did find evidence that background (i.e., contrast between an aposematic organism and its environment) influenced a predator's attack decision because models on white paper (higher contrast) were attacked significantly less than models on leaf litter (lower contrast). Our results indicate that the pattern of Costa Rican O. pumilio does not influence predation. Our results also support the hypothesis that novel backgrounds evoke a neophobic reaction and can affect predation rates.


Abstract XLH is characterized by excess FGF23, hypophosphatemia, skeletal deformities, and growth impairment. For the last 40 years, XLH has been treated with multiple daily doses of oral phosphate and active vitamin D (Pi/D). Burosumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody to FGF23, has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of XLH in patients ≥1 year-old. In this Phase 3 trial (NCT02915705), 61 children with XLH (1-12 years old) were randomized (1:1) to receive subcutaneous burosumab starting at 0.8 mg/kg every 2 weeks or continue Pi/D titrated and individualized for each subject by investigators. Eligibility criteria included a Total Rickets Severity Score (RSS) ≥2.0 despite prior treatment with Pi/D (>7-day washout before baseline). The primary endpoint was healing of rickets at Week 40 assessed by radiologists blinded to treatment using the Radiographic Global Impression of Change (RGI-C). The mean ± SE daily oral phosphate dose from baseline to Week 40 was 37.8 ± 3.2 mg/kg, with >99% compliance reported based on days of dosing. Compared with Pi/D, 40 weeks of burosumab resulted in a greater LS mean ± SE increase in serum phosphorus (0.92 ± 0.08 vs 0.20 ± 0.06 mg/dL), TmP/GFR (1.19 ± 0.11 vs -0.16 ± 0.05 mg/dL), and 1,25(OH)2D (30 ± 4 vs 19 ± 4 pg/mL). At Week 40, rickets improved in both groups; RGI-C global score was significantly higher in burosumab subjects than in Pi/D subjects (LS mean ± SE: +1.9 ± 0.1 vs +0.8 ± 0.1; p<0.0001). More burosumab subjects had substantial healing (RGI-C ≥+2.0), compared with Pi/D subjects (21/29, 72% vs 2/32, 6%; odds ratio of 39.1, p<0.0001). Improvement in the RGI-C lower limb deformity score was greater with burosumab than with Pi/D (+0.62 ± 0.12 vs +0.21 ± 0.12; p=0.02). Alkaline phosphatase decreased more with burosumab compared with Pi/D (-131 ± 13 vs 35 ± 19; p<0.0001). Consistent with decreases in rickets severity, burosumab improved growth and mobility. Standing height Z-score increased by a LS mean change (95% CI) of +0.15 (0.05, 0.25) for burosumab and +0.08 (-0.02, 0.19) for Pi/D. The 6 Minute Walk Test percent predicted distance increased with burosumab (Baseline to Week 40: 62% to 72%) and was unchanged with Pi/D (76% to 75%). Nephrocalcinosis score (range 0-4) shifted 0 in 20 Pi/D and 24 burosumab subjects; +1 in 3 Pi/D and 0 burosumab subjects; and -1 in 3 Pi/D and 2 burosumab subjects. Pre-defined adverse events (AEs) of interest, including hypersensitivity and injection site reactions, were higher in the burosumab group and were mild to moderate in severity overall. There were 4 serious AEs (3 burosumab, 1 Pi/D); none were treatment-related and all resolved. No subject discontinued study drug in either group. Data after 64 weeks of treatment will be available at the time of presentation. In this randomized Phase 3 trial, burosumab resulted in increases in growth and mobility, and significantly greater improvements in rickets than Pi/D in 1-12 year-old children with XLH.


Myocardial energy metabolism may be normal in the early stages of heart failure but, as failure progresses, mitochondrial oxidative metabolism is reduced and glycolysis is increased, with downregulation of glucose oxidation. Reducing free fatty acid oxidation and a concomitant increase in glucose oxidation improve cardiac contraction and slow the progression of left ventricular failure. Trimetazidine (TMZ) acts as a partial inhibitor of fatty acid oxidation and in turn stimulates glucose oxidation. In several studies, treatment with TMZ was found to result in a significant improvement in functional ability, left ventricular function, and the remodeling process in non diabetic, diabetic, ischemic, and non ischemic left ventricular dysfunction. Therefore, there is a compelling argument to advocate the use of TMZ in addition to conventional evidence-based treatments in the management of heart failure. Heart Metab. 2010;47:23‐26.


Abstract In the Faculty of Educational Science and Technology at the University of Twente an educational concept based on the ideas of increased flexibility in learning options and the active student, has been in place since 1998. In this approach, many courses have moved from a model of lectures and a final examination or single large project, to a model of six or seven assignments or subparts of a larger overall project, each submitted via a web-based course-management system and each worth a certain portion of the overall course grade. Feedback has become a key aspect of teaching as well as assessment. This paper gives an overview of feedback as part of the assessment process in learning settings making use of web-based environments. This is followed by some examples of feedback strategies supported by the web-based system in use in the faculty and a description of a web-based decision-support tool, currently under development, for instructors relating to feedback.


Background. Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) has shown promising activity in patients with HER2-low metastatic breast cancer. As the HER2-status can vary between the primary and its corresponding metastases, treatment decisions should ideally be based on HER2 assessment of a recent biopsy. However, limited data is available on intra-patient inter-metastatic heterogeneity in HER2-status, affecting representability of a single biopsy and potential therapeutic options and outcome. We therefore assessed HER2 status on multiple metastases from patients with primary ER-positive/HER2-non-amplified breast cancer in our prospective post-mortem tissue donation program UPTIDER (NCT04531696). Methods. Ninety-one metastatic samples retrieved during the autopsies of 6 patients (range: 13–16/patient) and their respective primary tumours were immunohistochemically (IHC) stained for HER2 (HercepTestTM, RTU, ISO-15189 accredited) in our institution. Consensus scoring was performed between two pathologists according to ASCO/CAP 2018 guidelines. The observers were blinded for patient ID. Reflex fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing was performed for samples with IHC score of 2+. HER2 status was categorized as HER2-zero (IHC 0), HER2-low (IHC 1+ or IHC 2+ with negative FISH), or HER2-positive (IHC 3+ or IHC 2+ with positive FISH). To assess stability of the performance of IHC scoring in the post-mortem setting, an additional 13 samples taken from 3 metastases at regular (every 1.5h) time intervals during the autopsy underwent HER2 IHC scoring. Results. Evaluation of HER2-status in the primary tumour showed 2 patients with HER2-zero disease and 4 with HER2-low disease. A discordance between HER2 status of the metastases and their respective primary was seen in all patients. Not a single lesion was found to be HER2-positive. For every patient, at least one HER2-low metastasis was observed, with the percentage being highly variable between patients and ranging between 7 and 100%. No association was observed between HER2 status and organ site: HER2-low as well as HER2-zero lesions were found in all organs evaluated in at least 4 patients (liver, bone, pleura, lymph nodes). For 5 patients, multiple lesions within the liver were evaluated: while HER2-zero versus HER2-low status was concordant in those lesions in 4 patients, a mix of HER2 IHC scores was seen in 3 of them. IHC scores were stable over time for tumour lesions assessed repeatedly. Discussion. Important inter-lesion heterogeneity in terms of HER2-low status was observed in patients with primary ER-positive/HER2-non-amplified breast cancer participating to our post-mortem tissue donation program. This observed heterogeneity is unlikely to be due to post-mortem changes in HER2 expression. HER2-low status was found in at least one distant lesion in all patients, complicating therapeutic decision-making based on a single biopsy. Of note, IHC 1+ and 2+ scores varied between metastases of each patient too, making assessment on a single biopsy less reliable for stratification in clinical trials. Further assessment on samples from UPTIDER-patients with ER-negative disease is currently ongoing and results will be available to be presented.
 Citation Format: Tatjana Geukens, Maxim De Schepper, François Richard, Marion Maetens, Karen Van Baelen, Amena Mahdami, Ha-Linh Nguyen, Edoardo Isnaldi, Sophia Leduc, Anirudh Pabba, Imane Bachir, Freya Mertens, Sara Vander Borght, Ann Smeets, Ines Nevelsteen, Kevin Punie, Patrick Neven, Hans Wildiers, Wouter Van Den Bogaert, Giuseppe Floris, Christine Desmedt. HER2-16 Inter-lesion heterogeneity of HER2-status in metastatic breast cancer: possible implications for treatment with anti-HER2 antibody-drug conjugates. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2022 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2022 Dec 6-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(5 Suppl):Abstract nr HER2-16.


Bewitchment and possession in Westafrican patients with schizophrenia The International Study on Psychotic Symptoms found high numbers of ideas of bewitchment and possession in patients suffering from schizo phrenia in Nigeria and Ghana. The cultural background and the psychopathological context of these ideas is analysed by means of qualitative and quantitative methods.


SUMMARYChromosome analysis of a group of Ornithogalum from Southern Africa, using Quinacrine fluorochrome staining and C-banding, has revealed a strong bias towards an increase in heterochromatin content and adaptation to extreme habitats. The group consists of chromosome races with equivalent karyotype length but with chromosome numbers varying from six to twelve. They have a chromosome complement of 6 large (L-) subterminal chromosomes and from 0 to 6 small (S-) submedian chromosomes. In the L-chromosomes the heterochromatin is located in intercalary positions and adjacent to the nucleolar organizers. The S-chromosomes are devoid of detectable heterochromatin. Habitats and climatic conditions of the eleven races studied, range from semi-desert with long droughts broken by periodic precipitations, to temperate scrubland. Each high-H race is endemic of a relatively small area, often consisting only of a small hillock or rock-scree. The adaptation of the high-H races includes a sequential vegetative cycle ...


Recently, the open-source EtherCAT master developed by the IgH company, has been enhanced with the introduction of the EtherCAT library, which allows to develop control applications in user space. This feature makes it possible to build complex applications that need to use the floating point unit or existing user space libraries. Unfortunately, the EtherCAT library does not seem to be able to guarantee a high degree of determinism. In this paper, first the real-time performance of the user space implementation of the EtherCAT master is evaluated and compared with the one that can be obtained by implementing the same control application at the kernel level. Then, we propose an alternative hard real-time approach based on RTAI, that allows to exploit all the advantages of user space development, with a negligible impact on performance.


For the sea wave energy exploitation, the department of Energy of Palermo University is investigating a new approach based on the mechanical motion conversion from a linear motion into a unidirectional rotary motion. This mechanical output can be used to run alternators, producing electrical power with a very simplified energy conversion chain. First preliminary tests have been realized in laboratory using a small-scale prototype.


Objective To understand the factors that can affect the iodine amount of the water quality and the evaluation of the iodine amount of the water in Shenzhen city.Methods The water iodine was tested with segmenled flow analysis.Results The amount of water iodine in the water resource of Shenzhen declined with the increase of the vertical distance from the coast,which was 80.1% lower within 5?km than that beyond 50?km,the coagulation and sedimentation and the airing could lessen the amount of water iodine by more than 35%(P ar0.01),but the factors such as adding of chlorine and ferrous,boiling and solarization could not cause significant difference(P ar0.05).Conclusion The amount of water iodine in Shenzhen city and its districts was rich,that was almost 16?μg/L in the suburb,but was poor in the far suburban area.The iodine in the water resource lost apparently during its producing,but that in tap water was stable.


The opportunities: Novel genomic diagnostics and availability of multiple new drugs create opportunities for personalized adjustment of therapy for HR ALL patients. The major challenges: Lack of reliable efficacy data and of specific clinical trials. Recommendations: Be conservative minimize deviations from clinical protocols; Whenever possible enroll the patient in a specific clinical trial for the novel therapy; If not available–maximize local and central prospective collection of clinical and biological data on each patient.


Introduction: Total hip arthroplasty is one of the most successful orthopedic procedures, but its complications can be very challenging for both patient and surgeon. One rare but serious complication is polyethylene liner dissociation. Case Report: Here we report a case of 67-year-old male who presented with hip pain after bending forward. Polyethylene liner dissociation was found at urgent revision surgery that was not diagnosable by imaging alone. Conclusion: Polyethylene liner dissociation needs to be considered alongside infection and aseptic loosening in all cases of late-onset pain following total hip arthroplasty. Surgeons and radiologists need to be aware of the condition and some diagnostic features. (This page in not part of the published article.) International Journal of Case Reports and Images, Vol. 7 No. 12, December 2016. ISSN – [0976-3198] Int J Case Rep Images 2016;7(12):832–835. www.ijcasereportsandimages.com Almaimani et al. 832 CASE REPORT PEER REVIEWED | OPEN ACCESS Late polyethylene liner dissociation after cement-free hip joint replacement: A case report Ghassan Almaimani, Christoph Schreyer


The glasses of SiO2-Fe2O3-K2O system were heat-treated at 800°C-1100°C, and the inversion temperature and the lattice constants of Fe-leucite crystals precipitated in the glass were measured by using DTA apparatus and X-ray diffractometer.It was found that the change of inversion temperature was closely related with the atomic ratio δ=Si/(Si+Fe+K) of the mother glass composition. Each Fe-leucite crystal precipitated in the glasses with δ 0.5 lowered with the increase of δ. The lower crystallization temperature was, the more steep the degree of lowering was. It was also observed that there is a linear relationship between the inversion temperature and the lattice parameter c/a, when δ>0.5.It was considered that in the case of δ>0.5, Fe-leucite crystal having the composition of (KFe)1-xSi2+xO6(x>0) had a higher symmetrical lattice than the ideal one and the lattice defects which might be caused by the defficiencies of K+ increasing with δ.The influence of other phases such as residual glass, hexagonal KFeSiO4 crystals and hematite crystals on the inversion temperature was not observed.


Subtitle: Just like its other former Portuguese 'colonial sister' Mozambique on the continent's eastern seaboard, the vast West African country of Angola was desiccated by a protracted, atrophying civil war, which brought land transport routes to their knees.


~ THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER of many of America's largest corporations has been doing an increasingly efficient job. He has virtually routinized the problem of investing idle cash at short term, maximizing such returns, and minimizing the time cash remains idle (oddly enough, such cash balances have increased at an alarming rate). Corporate dividends have grown at adequate levels, and debt burdens have been comfortable. Unfortunately, too many chief financial officers have lost their companies in the process. It is no coincidence that corporate cash balances have piled up at the same time that Mr. Ling and his brethren have gobbled up companies via tenders to the shareholders. It is also no coincidence that sound, well-managed industry leaders have watched much smaller companies seize initiative and market share. For example, Ling-Temco-Vought recently of-


The two-source model for jet noise holds that turbulent mixing noise in jets is generated by uncorrelated, fine-scale (FSS) and partially correlated, large-scale (LSS) turbulent structures [Tam et al., J. Fluid Mech. 615, 253-292, (2008)]. The noise from an F-22A Raptor is modeled with an equivalent source consisting of two line arrays of monopole sources. These arrays, one correlated and one uncorrelated, with Rayleigh distributed amplitudes, account for both FSS and LSS sound propagation [J. Morgan, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 129, 2442 (2011)]. The equivalent source parameters are selected based on Bayesian methods implemented with simulated annealing and fast Gibbs sampler algorithms. This method yields the best fit parameters, and the sensitivity of the solution is indicated by the generated posterior probability distributions. Analysis of the resulting equivalent sources shows that the directional, correlated line array has greater effect on the near field sound, and the sensitivity of the array's parameter...


At least two monomers: acrylics -X and A composition comprising a polymer derived from alkyl amines, the polymer comprises a functional group having one or more compositions capture the ability to include one or more metals compositions that have been modified are disclosed as. These polymers, in a variety of media including waste water system, have many uses. .FIELD 1


It has been shown previously that low‐level laser therapy (LLLT) significantly reduces infarct size following induction of myocardial infarction in rats and dogs. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of LLLT on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).


Intelligent product research and applications are progressing rapidly. This development driven by the advances of ICT technology, product lifecycle focus, product-service systems (PSS), cloud computing, social network services, in short, the abundance of communication means and (user) data. Despite this rapid development, intelligent products are still rather passive in nature. In this study, we aim to investigate the future direction of intelligent products. The central research question is whether intelligent products are becoming more (pro-)active and/or socially active with subsequent questions regarding associated requirements and demands, barriers and challenges and information needs. To answer these questions, we conducted guided expert interviews and qualitative content analysis. The results indicate that the direction of intelligent products is moving towards a more (pro-)active future. We discuss how this new development is contributing to smart manufacturing as well as PSS design and operation and suggest an extension of two classification models for intelligent products.


The heterostructure NaMnO2-Li0.5Mn2O4 cathode materials were prepared by adjusting the molar ratio of sodium in the material by a solid phase method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the prepared...


This paper seeks to examine some aspects of the early operation of the Northern Ireland Assembly and in particular the role of the Statutory Committees. The particular issue that is used to explore these matters is the review of student finances which the Higher and Further Education, Training and Employment Committee (HFETEC) undertook as its first major investigation. It should be noted here that the Department of Higher and Further Education, Training and Employment changed its name to the Department of Employment and Learning during 2000. The Committee also changed its name to the Employment and Learning Committee. Since the issues discussed took place prior to these changes the original name has been used here. Specifically, the paper examines the Review of Student Finances launched by the Department of Higher and Further Education, Training and Employment (DHFETE), how the Committee tackled the issue, tensions within the Committee, the relationship between the Committee and the Minister, between the Minister and the Department, the public debate, how the Committee Report was subsequently dealt with in the Assembly and the Minister's response. It is suggested that this example provides some insights into the operation of the distinctive devolved institutions in Northern Ireland and some early evidence of how such Statutory Committees may develop.


Using a Monte Carlo method, we study the energy efficiency of muon production by a high-energy beam of deuterons, i.e., protons and neutrons, injected into infinite deuterium-tritium targets. We present detailed results for the dependence on target density and beam energy. The key role of secondary (shower) production of muons is demonstrated. Constraints on the possibility of muon catalyzed fusion power reactors are established.


Needle biopsy under ultrasonographic guidance is being used increasingly to provide specimens for pathological diagnosis of breast lesions. The advantage of this technique is that it is less invasive, easy and economical to perform, and does not deform the shape of the breast in comparison with conventional surgical biopsy. We analyzed 127 cases of needle biopsy performed for intracystic tumors of the breast, including 10 cases of core needle biopsy ( CNB ) and 117 cases of vacuum ― assisted biopsy ( VAB ) . The pathological diagnosis of the biopsy specimens was malignant in 18 , benign in 96 and intermediate in 13 . Surgical removal of the tumor was performed in 41 women who underwent needle biopsy. Pathological examination of the surgically resected specimens demonstrated malignancy in 30 intracystic tumors (30 /127) . In this series, there were no false ― positive cases, and the sensitivity was 60% . We conclude that needle biopsy is useful for the diagnosis of malignancy in intracystic tumors of the breast. VAB in particular can provide larger biopsy specimens containing part of the cystic wall of the tumor, allowing greater confidence when diagnosing malignancy.


1. Foreword This is the third draft of a paper that aims to clarify the apparent contradictions in the views presented in certain standards and other specifications of health informatics systems, contradictions which come to light when the latter are evaluated from the perspective of realist philosophy. One of the origins of this document was Klein's discussion paper of 2005-07-02 entitled " Conceptology vs Reality " and the responses from Smith, as well as the several hours of discussions during the 2005 MIE meeting in Geneva. The structure of this paper is: • An introduction which summarizes some of the background discussion papers and the issue of apparent contradictions • A presentation of a definition of " concept " in one specific and consistent meaning that is adapted to the needs of terminological systems • A presentation of proposed terms, with their definitions, designed to substitute for what we believe are misleading uses of the term " concept " in current literature. • A discussion of relations between concepts • A summary of terminology for ontologies as representations of the real world • An introduction to the topic of representation of relations in ontologies • A (partial) mapping between the world of concepts and the world of reality • A presentation of some aspects of the proposal as it relates to the associations between concept systems, ontologies and databases including data on individual instances This paper was financed by the European Union (FP6) Network of Excellence Semantic Interoperability and Data Mining in Biomedicine.


This essay explores what a trove of daily box-office reports from the Stanley-Warner theater chain exhibition records can tell us about moviegoing in a major American metropolis in the mid-1930s. By tracing films' movements and earnings systematically and relationally across twenty-three theaters, it shows how important the feature film, and a number of specific films, were to moviegoers, and that distribution and exhibition responded to their film preferences. The findings also indicate that even theaters within the same run demonstrated significant variety in the audience needs and desires they served.


A simple and effective procedure for conversion of primary, secondary, allylic and benzylic alcohols into the corresponding iodides is described using NaI/Amberlyst 15 in acetonitrile at room temperature. Selective conversion of benzylic alcohols in the presence of saturated alcohols into the corresponding benzylic iodides is achieved under these conditions.


A brief description is given of a monolithic GaAs chip that incorporates a varactor-tuned voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), buffer amplifier and double balanced mixer with active phase splitters for an FM continuous-wave (CW) radar transmit-receiver. The circuit operates between 4 and 6 GHz with a 200 to 400 MHz tuning range with excellent VCO-tuning linearity, very high external quality factor, and low 1/f noise at the 5-kHz-to-10-MHz output port, achieved at reduced size.<<ETX>>


Background Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading global health problem. In most areas of the world, the incidence rate of GC in males was 1.5- to 3- fold higher than that in females. The androgen receptor (AR) is an independent adverse prognostic factor in patients with GC. However, the mechanism of AR regulating the progression of GC remains unclear. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of AR on the progression of GC and the mechanism behind these effects, which will provide novel ideas for the treatment of GC. Methods The relative expression of AR were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and real-time quantitative PCR. The functions of AR in GC were determined by colony formation experiment, transwell migration and invasion assay. The clinical data were obtained from the website cBioPortal and XENA database. The potential mechanism of AR in GC was searched by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and DAVID. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and PCR were performed to explore the function of AR as a transcriptional factor. The xenograft mouse models in nude mice were used to verify the function of CCRK in vivo. Results The expression of AR was upregulated in 6/8 GC cell lines. Compared to adjacent tissues, it's expression of GC was higher. Ectopic expression of AR promoted the colony-formation ability, migration and invasion of GC cells. In contrast, the knockdown of AR showed the opposite effects. Remarkably, we found that AR regulated the expression of cell cycle related kinase (CCRK) through transcriptional regulation. The AR-CCRK axis promoted GC development through phosphorylation of GSK3β and β-catenin. Furthermore, TCGA data revealed that high expression of AR or CCRK was related with poor prognosis of GC patients. The prognosis of patients with concurrent high expression of AR and CCRK was significantly worse than that of patients with low expression of both AR and CCRK. Conclusions The expression of CCRK is increased by AR in GC. Low expression levels of AR and CCRK are related to better prognosis in GC patients, suggesting they are also candidates as prognostic indicators in GC.


labor congealed in the commodity. The labor which created it is of significance only as an expression of a specific, quantitative value. If all human labor is expressible only as an abstract, quantitative value on the market, what is the actual, phenomenal manifestation of labor as it exists within capitalism? It is in this context that Marx explains the wage form within the domain of the labor theory of value and the ad-


The unfortunate list of software failures, attacks, and other software disasters has made it apparent that software engineers need to produce reliable code. The Department of Homeland Security reports that 90% of software exploits are due to vulnerabilities resulting from defects in code. These defects are easy to exploit. They are potentially dangerous as they create software vulnerabilities that allow hackers to attack software, preventing it from working or compromising sensitive data. Thus, these defects need to be addressed as part of any effort to secure software. An effective strategy for addressing security-related code defects is to use defensive programming methods like security-aware programming. This paper presents TRAC, an approach to teaching security-aware programming. The acronym stands for Teach, Revisit, Apply and Challenge. It also describes the implementation of the approach and the results of a small case study (n = 21), in a senior-level elective course.


To evaluate the effect of geosynthetic reinforcement on the embankment, designed by the geosynthetic reinforcing method, the method used as a countermeasure against liquefaction, shaking table tests, slip circular stability analyses and two-dimensional seismic deformation analyses have been carried out. From the results of these tests and analyses, it is clarified that the fatal destruction of embankments could be mitigated to some degree, with the maintenance of the function of embankment. And easy and efficient restoration works can be achieved.Based on these results, the seismic design procedure for geosynthetic reinforced embankments on a foundation with liquefaction characteristics is proposed using slip circular method. In that it is clarified that the required reinforcement tends to increase in the case of effective stress method and it tends to decrease in the case of total stress method. Finally the deformation mode due to the tensile force distribution at the geosynthetic reinforcement and future problematic issues on the design method in combination with other design methods against liquefaction were described in this report.


The major histocompatability complex I (MHC-I) presents antigenic peptides to tumor specific CD8+ T cells. The regulation of MHC-I by kinases is largely unstudied, even though many patients with cancer are receiving therapeutic kinase inhibitors. Regulators of cell surface HLA levels were discovered using a pooled human kinome shRNA interferencebased approach. Highly scoring hits were subsequently validated by additional RNAi and pharmacologic inhibitors. MAP2K1 (MEK), EGFR, and RET were validated as negative regulators of MHC-I expression and antigen presentation machinery in multiple cancer types acting through a ERK output dependent mechanism; the pathways responsible for increased MHC-I upon kinase inhibition were mapped. Activated MAPK signaling in mouse tumors in vivo suppressed components of MHC-I and the antigen presentation machinery. Translational relevance was shown by the improvement of therapeutic activity of TCR-mimic antibodies to MHC/peptide complexes. Druggable kinases may thus serve as immediately applicable targets for modulating immunotherapy for many diseases Significance: This is the first comprehensive analysis of kinase regulation of the human major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I), a central component of the CD8 T cell-mediated response. Efficient antigen presentation by MHC-I molecules on cancer cells is essential for T-cell based immunotherapies, including vaccines, checkpoint blockade, adoptive T-cell therapy, and TCR mimic antibodies. We provide a proof of concept using two druggable targets, EGFR and MEK, but expect that these data can broadly influence translational and clinical trial design of targeted therapies combined with immunotherapy. Significance: This is the first comprehensive analysis of kinase regulation of the human major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I), a central component of the CD8 T cell-mediated response. Efficient antigen presentation by MHC-I molecules on cancer cells is essential for T-cell based immunotherapies, including vaccines, checkpoint blockade, adoptive T-cell therapy, and TCR mimic antibodies. We provide a proof of concept using two druggable targets, EGFR and MEK, but expect that these data can broadly influence translational and clinical trial design of targeted therapies combined with immunotherapy. The Regulation of the expression of Human Major Histocompatibility Class I Molecules on cancer cells by kinases Elliott Joseph Brea1,2, Claire Oh1,2, Eusebio Manchando Robles1, Sadna Budhu1, Patrizia Mondello1, Ron S. Gejman1,2, Qing Xiang1, Ralph Garippa1, Taha Merghoub1, Jedd D. Wolchok1,2, Scott Lowe1,2, David A. Scheinberg1,2. • EGFR and MEK were demonstrated to negatively regulate MHC-I in multiple cancer types. • FDA approved inhibitors to these kinases that were able to phenocopy the effect of gene knockdown and increase HLA. • We demonstrate this effect on MHC-I in cells with activating mutations in the MAP kinase pathway. • Inhibiting MEK and EGFR contributed to increased antigen presentation, which should impact immunotherapy and immune responses broadly. • To demonstrate the immunological significance of the findings, we show that up-regulation induced by MEK inhibition resulted in superior cytotoxic activity of TCR mimic antibodies (specifically directed to MHC presented antigens), and tumor antigen specific TCR against murine tumor antigen • Activation and mutations in the MAP kinase pathway contribute to the reduction of MHC-I. • We describe a mechanism in which MEK inhibition leads to pERK inactivation and increases in multiple components of the antigen presentation machinery, along with the components of MHC-I, HLA-A and B2M at the transcriptional and translational level. • We show in a genetically engineered mouse model that activating this pathway reduces the components of the antigen presentation machinery, along with the components of MHC-I, and B2M at the transcriptional level. 1Sloan-Ketteting Institute, New York NY, 2Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY Acknowledgements Funding: NIH-CA-PO1CA023766, R01 CA 33049, MSTP grant GM007739, Leukemia and Lymphoma Society. We would also like to thank the following individuals for their contributions: Dr. Tao Dao, Andrew Scott, Aaron Chang, Dr. Dmitry Pankov, Dr. Leonid Dubrovsky Casey Jarvis, Dr. Hans David Ulmert, Dr. Melissa Mathias A. TRMPV inducible shRNA retroviral vector was used for transducing JMN (HLA-A*02:01 positive human mesothelioma line). TRE is the Tet responsive element, which drives expression of the fluorophore dsRed and the shRNA hairpin. The constitutive PGK promoter drives the Venus fluorophore along with Neomycin resistance cassette. B. Western blot showing and flow cytometry data showing knockdown of HLA-A using TRMPV retroviral system with a positive control shRNA to HLA-A02. The shRen is a negative control shRNA designed against the Renilla gene C. Schema depicting the workflow pipeline for the screen of regulators of surface HLA-A. D. Waterfall plot showing distribution of shRNA constructs against MAP2K1 and EGFR as log fold difference between BB7 high sorted population and BB7 low sorted population. E. shRNA knockdown of MAP2K1 and EGFR in JMN cells validates them as a negative regulator of surface HLA-A. BB7.2 is a mAb specific for HLA-A02. shRNA against Renilla was used as a negative control, while an shRNA against HLA-A was used as a positive control. Student's t-test was done to compare each shRNA gene knockdown MFI to the shRen control. (*≤0.05, **≤0.01, ***≤0.001, ****≤0.0001) Figure 1. Screen for kinase regulators of surface HLA shHLA-A shRen Pooled shKinome Positive regulators of HLA-A Negative regulators of HLA-A Binding of surface HLA-A mAb % of M ax 1) FACS BB7 low, medium, and high population of cells 2) Isolate gDNA from sorted cells and PCR for mir30 shRNA barcode 3) High throughput sequencing to identify shRNA construct and relative abundance in BB7 low, medium, and high population 4) Validate A) B) D) shRen shHLA-A shRNA TRE dsRed Venus PGK IRES NeoR


Migrants to Canada — Appellant seeking refugee status — Prohibited range of conduct making person inadmissible to apply for refugee status— Section 37(1)(b) of Immigration and Refugee Protection Act — "People smuggling" — Whether limited to activity done in order to obtain, directly or indirectly, a financial or other material benefit—Definition in Section 117— Reliance of Immigration Board on definition in Section 117 — Admissibility to Canada — Canada, Supreme Court


abstract The vision of an information-enabled globally connected knowledge-based society is driven in large part by the smooth integration of new media (information and communication technologies or digital ICTs) with traditional media, coupled with technical skill sets, forward-looking government policies, an attitude of lifelong learning, and a desire to improve efficiencies and harness innovation in a humanely and environmentally sustainable manner. This introductory article sets the stage for this special issue of Media Asia, focusing on the ICT4D projects of the Pan Asia ICT R&D Grants Programme. It provides an overview of new media and development in Asia, particularly with the backdrop of the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS), hosted by the United Nations. The chapter reviews existing literature on ICTs in Asia, highlights the key findings by the contributors to this issue and discusses key implications of these findings.


The nickel content in low alloy steel was determined by FAAS according to GB /T 223. 54—1987,the cause of uncertainty in measurement process is analyzed and the uncertainty of measurement results is evaluated. It is found that the measurement uncertainty is mainly derived from sample weighing,determination of volume and concentration of the sample solutions. The uncertainty for the determination of the concentration of the sample solutions in instruments is from the preparation of standard solution,fitting of calibration curve and the repeatability of measurement. Then the method to improve the measurement accuracy is proposed.


A comparative analysis of quality of life of 212 patients (196 women and 16 men) aged 18 to 73 years after surgical interventions undertaken for benign thyroid diseases. Assess the impact of surgical treatment on quality of life were based on the Russian version of the questionnaire SF-36 MOS. According to the survey the mean values of parameters describing both physical and mental components of the health of patients after surgery with preservation of a clinically significant amount of thyroid tissue was significantly higher than those indices of patients after thyroidectomy or subtotal resection with preservation of less than 2 cm3 thyroid tissue (p


P. J. Baggot's succinct article, When is Amniocentesis Morally Licit?1 outlines the basic criteria for prenatal diagnostic procedures. I concur with Dr. Baggot that, of the procedures outlined, amniocentesis is the prefelTed option, provided that there is no eugenic motive. If such a procedure is walTanted, however, the crux of the issue concerns when it should be done. According to Magisterial teaching the procedure must not involve disproportionate risks for the child (cf. Evangelium Vitae, no. 63). Hence, the later the better policy should be adopted. In Baggot's words: "Delaying amniocentesis until 32 weeks would make fetal risks very low." (p. 356). Yet some risks still do remain. And Dr. Baggott continues: "Where the fetus is gravely ill, more aggressive diagnosis and treatment may be in order.' The complexity of these situations should not be underestimated" (ibid.). What a quagmire for the average couple! Imagine the moral crisis some parents must endure when there are problematic indications via ultrasounds or other tests. Since the situation should not be underestimated let us estimate how we can resolve the moral crisis. The parents need to make a decision, a cOlTectjudgment. Yet how can one be sure that he or she is making the right decision? This article attempts to discuss the decision making capacity required to resolve such complex situations.