This research aims to mark the 40th anniversary of Public Budgeting & Finance (PB&F) by providing a retrospective of its journey over the past 40 years using the method of an unsupervised machine learning technique—structural topic modeling (STM). The study identifies 15 key thematic topics that most optimally represent the 1028 articles that were published in the studied period from 1981 to 2020. Furthermore, the study reveals the dynamic changes in the popularity of each thematic topic over time. This research identifies past and emerging research trends in PB&F to help scholars and students keep sight of the overall landscape of public budgeting and finance literature.


In examining the commissions report titled A Nation at Risk: The Imperative for Educational Reform, it is imperative to understand the historical setting. The document was released in the midst of the Cold War – perhaps the reasoning behind the document's use of such exaggerated and downright harsh language – and Ronald Reagan, a well-known supporter of privatizing schools and abolishing the Department of Education, was the President of the United States. American schools were unquestionably struggling to reach a new wave of learners and a transformation was inevitable and imminent – the question remaining was what form this change would take and who would lead the way. The 1983 document opens up proclaiming that the United States is at risk and that all children "regardless of race or class or economics status" deserve a "fair chance" at receiving a quality education – a sentiment that teachers would unanimously agree with. The next few pages begin the comparisons between the United States and other developed nations around the world – an unnamed "unfriendly foreign power" that one can assume is the Soviet Union and Japan in particular - a strong-worded reaction to the state of the Cold War at the time. The language in these opening pages is unsympathetic and abounds with expressive metaphors and political ideologies. Under the section titled "Indicators of the Risk" though, the commission highlights some serious problems with the educational system, using statistics to bring attention to the amount of Americans who are illiterate as well as the decline in testing scores in the previous decades before the report was released (although noticeably, the report does not find flaws within the


The Sanmartinero (SM) cattle is one of the Colombian creole breeds (Bos taurus), descendant from the cattle introduced by the Spanish conquerors in 1493. The SM development in the foot hills of the Colombian Revista ORINOQUIA Universidad de los Llanos Villavicencio, Meta. Colombia Volumen 13 No 2 Ano 2009 114 Orinoquia. This breed is very important due to its adaptability, expressed in the excellent reproductive characteristics for the hostile low Colombian tropics; however, as well as most of the other Colombian creoles is at risk of extinction due to the small population size which is no larger than 3000 animals. This study analyzed data from La Libertad Research Station, Villavicencio, Meta, from 1971 to 1996. Reproductive characteristics was measured throughout the age at first calving (AFC) and the calving interval (CI) and where analyzed using a general lineal model (GLM) of the Statistical Analysis System software (SAS). Furthermore, heritability (h2) for the reproductive characteristics where estimated. The average means and standard deviation where the following: EFC, 2.71 years ± 0.52; CI, 439.42 days ± 92.24; the h2 ± standard error, of these characteristics where AFC, 0.34 ± 0.22; CI, 0.09 ± 0.08. It is accomplished that the SM, still with a reduced population, possesses a significant genetic variation and good genetic potential for a sustainable livestock production in the Colombian humid tropics, which are enough reasons to prevent its extinction.


Method of preparing a compound for tissue regeneration. A method of preparing a compound obtained from protein-enriched curd and growth factors used for treatment of tissue regeneration in a variety of injuries.


In several varieties of Catalan, Valencian and Occitan, inflectional exponents originating in the imperfect
 subjunctive (reflex of Latin pluperfect subjunctive) are analogically extended into the first and second person plural present
 subjunctive forms, resulting in syncretism between present and imperfect subjunctive forms for the relevant persons. The scope and
 directionality of such extensions are remarkably consistent, and are indicative of a change driven by the structure of the
 inflectional paradigm in the relevant varieties. A significant consequence of this development, which fits into a general Romance
 tendency for analogical remodelling of first and second person plural forms, is alignment between previously overlapping
 distributions of stem allomorphs and stress placement, and thus greater predictability of inflected forms.


Here we investigate the accuracy of the overlap criterion when applied to a simple near-integrable model in both its 2D and 3D versions. To this end, we consider, respectively, two and three quartic oscillators as the unperturbed system, and couple the degrees of freedom by a cubic, non-integrable perturbation. For both systems we compute the unperturbed resonances up to order O ( e 2 ), and model each resonance by means of the pendulum approximation in order to estimate the theoretical critical value of the perturbation parameter for a global transition to chaos. We perform several surface of sections for the bi-dimensional case to derive an empirical value to be compared to our theoretical estimation. Although both values are of the same order of magnitude, there is a significant difference between them. For the 3D case a numerical estimate is attained that we observe matches quite well the critical value resulting from theoretical means. This confirms once again that calculating resonances up to O ( e 2 ) suffices in order the overlap criterion to work out.


Objective:To investigate the value of the narrow pedicle flap in repairing facial defects.Methods:The proximal flap transposition,the skin grafting and the narrow pedicle lateral maxillocervical flap transposition were used to repair the defects of the face,and the effect was observed and compared.Results:One hundred thirty two patients were treated with these methods,in which 46 cases were treated with the proximal flap transposition(one flap showed distal necrosis),68 cases with the middle thick layer skin grafting(one case showed partial skin necrosis),and 18 cases with the narrow pedicle maxillocervical flap transposition(all flaps survived and the repaired facial appearance and function were superior to the other two methods).Conclusions:The flap transposition and the skin grafting are the routine methods in repairing facial defects,but the best repairing method should be selected for the improvement of the facial appearance and function.


Astronomical research requiring high photometric dynamic range is restricted by all current telescopes. Fundamental diffraction limitations and practical difficulties associated with conventional `centered' telescope optics and their mounts leads to unavoidable light scatter which can be the limiting noise source in observations of faint or diffuse objects in the presence of much brighter contaminating sources. We describe here an off-axis design for a 6.5 m astronomical telescope optimized for low scattered light and low emissivity. This is part of a new concept for a facility which we call the New Planetary Telescope (NPT). We shown how its geometrical optical performance can equal that of an on-axis conventional telescope while the diffractive performance fundamentally surpasses conventional telescopes because of the absence of pupil obstruction. The decentered NPT concept also allows wide-field and versatile instrumentation configurations that are not possible with more conventional designs.


Abstract : Analyses of the current Navy Approach Power Compensator System (APCS) ARE MADE FOR MANUAL AND Automatic Carrier Landing System (ACLS) operations. Major problem areas are identified and these are correlated with the changes in the aircraft dynamic characteristics resulting from incorporation of the current APCS concept, which uses angle of attack, normal acceleration, and elevator deflection as input signals to control thrust. Root causes and basic limitations are developed using open and closed-loop servo analysis techniques to study the combined pilot/APCS/aircraft system and the automatic control situation (i.e., ACLS). Particular attention is given to developing literal approximate expressions to connect APCS and basic airframe parameters. Basic APCS design implications and compromises are implied from these expressions. A critique is given of APCS specifications and test procedures as presently employed during carrier suitability evaluation. (Author)


We report trace element analyses by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA‐ICP‐MS) of metal grains from nine different CR chondrites, distinguishing grains from chondrule interior ("interior grains"), chondrule surficial shells ("margin grains"), and the matrix ("isolated grains"). Save for a few anomalous grains, Ni‐normalized trace element patterns are similar for all three petrographic settings, with largely unfractionated refractory siderophile elements and depleted volatile Au, Cu, Ag, S. All three types of grains are interpreted to derive from a common precursor approximated by the least‐melted, fine‐grained objects in CR chondrites. This also excludes recondensation of metal vapor as the origin of the bulk of margin grains. The metal precursors were presumably formed by incomplete condensation, with evidence for high‐temperature isolation of refractory platinum‐group‐element (PGE)‐rich condensates before mixing with lower temperature PGE‐depleted condensates. The rounded shape of the Ni‐rich, interior grains shows that they were molten and that they equilibrated with silicates upon slow cooling (1–100 K h−1), largely by oxidation/evaporation of Fe, hence their high Pd content, for example. We propose that Ni‐poorer, amoeboid margin grains, often included in the pyroxene‐rich periphery common to type I chondrules, result from less intense processing of a rim accreted onto the chondrule subsequent to the melting event recorded by the interior grains. This means either that there were two separate heating events, which formed olivine/interior grains and pyroxene/margin grains, respectively, between which dust was accreted around the chondrule, or that there was a single high‐temperature event, of which the chondrule margin records a late "quenching phase," in which case dust accreted onto chondrules while they were molten. In the latter case, high dust concentrations in the chondrule‐forming region (at least three orders of magnitude above minimum mass solar nebula models) are indicated.


Embryonic chlorophyll content affects processing and marketing quality of rapeseed oil,but its genetic features are still unknown.The objective of this study was to identify QTL controlling embryonic chlorophyll content in Brassica napus.A recombinant inbred line(RIL) population with different seed color was grown at Beibei and Wanzhou in Chongqing in 2007,the QTLs for embryonic chlorophyll content were identified using the composite interval mapping(CIM) method and the genetic map constructed.A total of 10 QTLs were detected on six linkage groups,respectively,accounting for 4.04%-8.50% of chlorophyll variation.These results suggest that the embryonic chlorophyll content is controlled by many minor-effect genes,with a pattern of quantitative trait inheritance,and the expression of the QTLs is affected by environmental factors.Analysis and localization of QTLs for embryonic chlorophyll content provide a reference for rape breeding and molecular marker assisted selection for the targer traits.


In this paper we prove that the composition operator induced by a holomorphic self-map of the unit disc is compact on the Nevanlinna class if and only if it is compact on the Hardy space H2.


This paper investigates the outage and throughput performance of full-duplex (FD) cooperative relaying (CR) based non-orthogonal multiple access system (NOMA) with energy harvesting (EH) i.e., FD-CR-EH-NOMA system. We consider a network scenario, where the base station (BS) serves two downlink users, with the near user configured as a FD relay to deliver messages to the far user. We derive analytical expressions for the outage probabilities experienced by the users and the system outage probability of FD-CR-EH-NOMA network under time switching relaying (TSR) protocol in the presence/absence of direct link from BS to the far user. Assuming imperfect successive interference cancellation (i-SIC), we derive analytical expressions for (i) optimal power allocation (OPA) factor at the BS and (ii) optimal time switching (OTS) factor at the relay that independently minimizes the system outage probability. Further, we use the alternating optimization technique to determine the jointly optimal power allocation and time switching factors that minimize the system outage probability. Furthermore, we determine the OTS factor that maximizes the asymptotic throughput of the system in the delay-limited transmission mode. With the help of numerical and simulation investigations, we show that the system outage and throughput of the considered network improve significantly under the proposed schemes.


In allusion to the existed elastic vibration of heavy loading gripper in work,the pressure columned gripper was taken as a research object,and the lateral displacement of beam element was represented in Eimilt polynomial,the finite element model was built in simplified method of elastic dynamic analysis including the mass matrix,stiffness matrix and motion parameters.Then the motion differential equations were built.The elastic displacement was calculated numerically in Newmark-β method,the displacement U1,U 12,U 15 were verified.The results show that the tendency of the first order of inherent frequency becomes bigger as intersection angle of forearm β increases,the elastic displacement amplitude of Kineto-Elastostatic analysis is smaller than that of Kineto-Elastodynamic analysis and the largest drop angle was got as 0.74°.It is qualitatively realized that the friction can make the heavy loading gripper's vibration amplitude becoming smaller and delay the vibration response.


AbstractThis article examines the working of secularism in India. A secular state can be described as a state that does not officially identify with any religion. It treats all citizens as equal irrespective of religion. In a secular form of government, no state promotes the religion or any religious group, and also not interferes in religious affairs. A secular state does not limit itself with the social welfare of only one religion. No one will ever dispute the notion that Indians (especially Hindus) have two faces. One that depicts its leader Gandhi and other that represents Chanakya. There are numerous examples where Hindu culture is described as Indian Culture. No modern secular democracy other then India experienced multiple, state sponsored pogroms - that of Sikh in 1984, and of Muslims in 1992, 2002. In India almost all minorities (especially Muslims) recall with despair and despondence how it has been constitutionally pushed to the wall.Key Words: Secularism, Ram Raj, Babri Mosque, Hyderabad Decan, UN Security Council, Minorities.IntroductionA secular state can be described as "a state whose population enjoys fundamental rights completely without any discrimination of race, colour, creed, and life and property of all citizens is safe in that state." It treats its citizens as equal irrespective of religion, caste and creed. Political secularism may be defined as the separation of religious activities from those of the state, customarily referred to as "the separation of church and state" in the west. "It cannot even be involved in interpretation or reform of any religion much less favour one over any other. This model of secularism may be characterized as maximum separation between state and religion except on manifest grounds of morality, health and public order" (Donald, 1963: 375). The history of India since its independence shows that its behavior towards its minorities and non-Hindu religions has been non-friendly and aggressive.The minorities in India have lived under constant threat from the Hindu majority government in power. This situation has been worst under the BJP government which represents Hindu Fundamentalists who aims at establishing RAM RAJ in the country. There have been hundreds of riots against Muslim and Christians since India became independent and hundreds of mosques and churches are demolished by the Hindu fundamentalists with the connivance of government. The most heinous and obnoxious action was against the Babri Mosque in December 1992; Babri Mosque was demolished by the Hindu Fundamentalists with a purpose of building Ram Mandor on its site. As a result of this situation the Hindu-Muslim riots took place in many states of India in which thousands of people were killed.The Sikh community which have supported and cooperated with the Hindu, at the time of partition of India in 1947 got amenity. The state of Hyderabad was annexed by India with force against the wishes of its ruler. India similarly occupied Travancore State which had also declared independent state. India's relations with all its neighbouring states are hegemonic. India wants its role as hegemonic and dominant power of the South Asian region, so it has been involved in trouble created by Tamil Tiger in Sri Lanka and terrorist activities in Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan and Pakistan.Pakistan and India are both nuclear powers but they maintain a hostile relation with each other. Pakistan supports the right of Kashmiri's to decide about their political future if they want to be part of India or Pakistan, India's continuous suppressive and atrocious activities in Kashmir. If India wants to form itself as a civilized state it will have to change its outlook as regard behavior towards its neighbours as well as its minorities. If India continues its unjust and hegemonic policies it would justly be elated a rouge state of Hindu. The conflict between the government and the Sikh culminated to the bloody action by the government of India in 1984, when under the blue star the Indian army ransacked the Golden Temple Amaritsar and more than a score other Sikh Gordawaras of all over the Punjab killing hundreds of Sikh devotees. …


Business process reengineering (BPR) is a fundamental rethinking and radical redesign of business processes to achieve dramatic improvements in critical contemporary measures of performance such as cost, quality, speed and services (Al-Mashari and Zairi, 1999). This paper provides a holistic view of the BPR implementation process, by reviewing the hard and soft factors that cause success and failure for BPR implementation, as well as, examine the effectiveness of the critical success factors (CSFs) of BPR on both primary (operational) and secondary (organisational) measures of business performance in Nigerian oil and gas industry. The aim was achieved through an empirical study involving the administration of 650 self-administered questionnaires to a randomly selected senior and management staff of eight (8) re-engineered oil and gas companies in Nigeria. Using the framework from Khong and Richardson (2003), several hypotheses were tested, via structural equation modelling (SEM). Using SEM, multivariate analyses were mathematically represented in a single equation, and findings from this study confirmed that BPR had significant association on business performance of Nigerian oil and gas companies.


Stroke is considered the fifth leading cause of death worldwide and the leading cause of sequelae in the affected individuals. Among the major shortcomings, there are changes in speech, strength, sensation, cognition and sexuality, causing serious implications for the quality of life of affected patients. In this ambience, the work of a multidisciplinary team is essential to understand the needs and peculiarities in individual treatment and care post-stroke, aiming to rehabilitate patients for performing instrumental activities of daily living. However, several studies indicate a deficiency of the multidisciplinary team to address sexuality, not revealed by theme or approach for patient dissatisfaction on how this issue is managed. This happens because of the absence of a proper scale to address sexuality in the context of stroke, revealing the need to develop and validate an instrument that specifically applies to patients with sexual dysfunction post-stroke.


Several protective technologies are listed in the paper.And their characteristics are analyzed.In the application of project practice,it is suggested that common preventive technologies,anti-corrosion and additional measures should be combined to decrease erosion damage of outer environment to reinforced concrete.


Input device (1), the contact detection unit for detecting contact of the user's hand to the upper surface of the table (12), the hand of the user in contact with the upper surface of the table, detect contact elevation and contact azimuth with respect to the upper surface of the table angle detector for (13), based on the angle detection unit (13) in contact elevation and contact azimuth was detected, display an operation screen in position relative to the contact position of the user's hand on the upper surface of the table display control unit for transmitting the instruction information to the projection device (3) (15), having a. Projection device (3) according to the instruction information received from the input device (1), projecting the operation screen on the upper surface of the table.


Abstract. In order to address the issue of increased efficiency and better planning for parcel shipments, an automated computer program was developed in Microsoft Excel that calculates center of mass and moments of mass with greater speed and reliability than currently implemented systems. This simple program requires only a variable density function and limits of integration for a given object as input within the spreadsheet system. Once the required input has been provided, a series of chain calculations, with the help of a Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) script, is able to process the input, which is done through integration and a Riemann sum. Furthermore, the foundation of the program can also be used for calculating other physical quantities of interest such as the moment of inertia or surface area of an object.


Routine grouping and cross matching of blood of donors and of recipients 1 enable the laboratory to supply compatible blood for most transfusions. However, blood that is satisfactory by the usual technic may produce serious, even fatal, hemolytic reactions in patients receiving repeated transfusions. 2 It has been shown that such intragroup incompatibilities are produced by immune isoagglutinins that develop in the recipient. The agglutinogen present in the blood of the donors is usually the Rh factor, although other factors occasionally may be responsible. Irrespective of the factor involved, the intragroup transfusion reactions in male patients are similar in that they occur after repeated transfusions. Repeated transfusions are frequently indicated in the treatment of certain types of patients who are transferred finally to Army general hospitals. Therefore, it seems likely that it will be in such institutions that the problem of acquired intragroup incompatibilities will be met most often. From


Various clinical types of the disease; mistakes in diagnosis.-Methods of diagnosis, clinical and biochemical.-The undescended testicle, and its relationship to malignant disease. Treatment.-The diminishing field of operation, the value of X-ray treatment, and the improvement in the results therefrom.


Ancient Egyptian faience was glazed using three techniques that play an important role in its structural fragility. To improve mechanical stability, consolidation treatment using a resin may be required. Because each glazing method influences an object's microstructure, the effectiveness of consolidation treatment is expected to differ among objects produced using the different glazing techniques. Polished samples from replicas were compared with those from ancient objects using scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Research was undertaken into the penetration depth and distribution of PARALOID B-72 applied to representative faience replicas. After consolidation, the distribution of the PARALOID B-72 in the replicas was assessed using three-dimensional images created using neutron tomography. Penetration depth was considerably greater in applicationand cementation-glazed replicas than in efflorescence-glazed replicas. Differences in consolidant penetration depth reflect differences in porosity, which is considered to be influenced by interparticle glass formation in the core material. AUTHORS Corinna de Regt* Postgraduate Trainee in Conservation and Restoration of Glass and Ceramics University of Amsterdam firstname.lastname@example.com Luc Megens Heritage Scientist Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands email@example.com Lambert van Eijck Assistant Professor Reactor Institute, Delft University of Technology email@example.com Zhou Zhou Postdoctoral Fellow Reactor Institute, Delft University of Technology firstname.lastname@example.com Mandy Slager Programme Coordinator and Lecturer in Conservation and Restoration of Glass and Ceramics University of Amsterdam email@example.com *Corresponding Author


This paper is focused on a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication system operating at a road intersection, where the communication links can be either line-of-sight (LOS) or non-line-of-sight (NLOS). We present a semi-empirical analysis of the packet delivery ratio of dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) safety messages for both LOS and NLOS scenarios using a commercial transceiver. In a NLOS scenario in which the reception of a safety message may be heavily blocked by concrete buildings, direct communication between the on-board units (OBUs) of vehicles through the IEEE 802.11p standard tends to be unreliable. On the basis of the semi-empirical result of safety message delivery at an intersection, we propose two relaying mechanisms (namely, simple relaying and network-coded relaying) via a road-side unit (RSU) to improve the delivery ratio of safety messages. Specifically, we designed RSU algorithms to optimize the number of relaying messages so as to maximize the message delivery ratio of the entire system in the presence of data packet collisions. Numerical results show that our proposed relaying schemes lead to a significant increase in safety message delivery rates.


This paper introduces aluminum basifier and its function.Aluminum basifier can improve acidlysis-hydrolytic characteristic value of active alumina.For example,pH value of reactionliquid increases from 2.5 to more than 4.0;basicity increases from 50% to more than 80%;content of main basic aluminium increases from 6% to more than 10%.It also can improve the acidlysis-hydrolytic characteristic value of calcium aluminate powder.For example,pH value of reaction liquid increases from 2.8 to more than 4.0;basicity increases from 55% to more than 80%;content of main basic aluminium increases from 6% to more than 10%.


Method for producing a component (11) with an insert (12) integrated, in particular a functional ceramics, comprising at least one electrical connection element (36), - wherein the insert (12 ) it is embedded in a metal matrix (24), characterized - in that at least before embedding the insert (12) in the metal matrix (24) is fixed at least one positioning element (14) in the part of insertion (12), - in that the insert (12) is retained during the embedding in the metal matrix (24) through the at least one positioning element (14) in a fixed position stationary with respect to the casting mold ( 31) and - that the at least one positioning element (14) is configured as another functional element (29, 36, 38) of the insert (12).


Abstract : The objective of this applied research project was to create a service that allows mobile nodes in a hybrid MANET to receive global Internet Protocol IP addresses from the appropriate mobile gateway without requiring user configuration. A MANET is a mobile ad-hoc network communicating via wireless links. A hybrid MANET adds one or more gateway nodes (e.g. nodes providing connectivity to other networks via satellite or other links). A Hybrid MANET Dynamic Addressing (HMDA) service was developed which provides a method for gateway discovery and dynamic global IP address configuration of mobile nodes. This service will allow mobile nodes to roam seamlessly from one area to another providing continuous communications throughout all network merges and partitions. SAIC has successfully implemented and demonstrated the Network Monitoring and Management Hybrid MANET Dynamic Addressing service that meets or exceeds the requirements and objectives set forth by ONR. The HMDA service was demonstrated using two gateways and six mobile nodes distributed across two subnets. Since positive test results were obtained, it is recommended to transition this methodology from the lab environment to an operational scenario.


In spite of the ubiquity of the phrase in contemporary development discourse and policy, there exists no generally, or even substantially, agreed-upon definition of the rule of law for the purposes of development. This Note investigates the intellectual and normative tensions created by the conceptual conflict surrounding the rule of law in development theory and practice. Drawing on both moral and economic understandings of human development, I attempt strenuously to identify the obstacles to consensus on the meaning of the rule of law. I conclude that the rule of law must be construed as a means of development rather than one of its fully-fledged ends. I also advocate greater attention to the dynamic character of institutions in the developing world, and theoretical moderation in specifying the normative goals of the rule of law.


Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) in Peripheral Blood (PB) testing is measured as significant investigative and promising microarray technology for breast cancer examination. Few numbers of the work have been proposed in earlier for the role of CTCs detection in breast cancer; but still the development of novel method for identification of CTC becomes difficult because of hundreds and thousands of indicative genes is presented. The main intention of the work is to the identification of CTC in PB during Breast Cancer (BC) regarding to Metastatic (MS), Non-Metastatic (NMS) and hybrid MS and NMS. The proposed method is not only the identification of CTC in BC, in addition it solves gene selection by proposing hybrid fuzzy online sequential Particle Swarm Genetic (PSG) kernel extreme learning machine finally named as (FOP-KELM) classification. The proposed FOP-KELM method calculates the mean values for each gene features and it is compared objective function of KELM to select and remove unimportant gene features. In order to reduce the fuzzy membership assumption value in ELM, it is optimized using PSG algorithm. The impact of selected features from FOP-KELM has been investigated using clustering method. To perform classification task for selected gene features, a novel Hierarchical Artificial Bee clustering algorithm (HABCA) is proposed. It capably distinguishes the CTC through the separation of tumor samples into a hierarchical tree structure in a top-down manner, where the distance between two gene tumor samples is determined by using ABC. Clustering results are classified into MS, NMS, MS and NMS.


A rotational viscometer was used to confirm that sunflower oil, its methyl esters, and blends of these with commercial diesel fuel are newtonian fluids. To avoid anomalous results, a cup and bob of ideal geometry was required for liquids with a viscosity lower than 10mpas. The viscosities of blends with diesel fuel were related semilogarithmically to the weight fraction of the more viscous component, while viscosity temperature data for the various fluids and for other vegetable oils were correlated by choosing the value of an arbitrary constant in an equation of the walther type (a).


The Application of waste tyres in Civil Engineering is nearly 30 years. This study investigates the engineering properties of tire derived aggregate (TDA) reinforced loess and presents the strength properties of loess incorporating TDA as a reinforcement. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the effect of TDA (10mm-80mm) content and TDA aspect ratio on shear strength behavior of loess mixture. The direct shear tests was performed on the samples with loess containing 0%, 10%, 18%, 33%, and 100% of the TDA by weight of soil mixtures, and 4 TDA aspect ratios respectively. The test results showed a well-defined peak shear strength for specimens of pure loess and low TDA content (less than 18%) under low normal stress (less than 96 kPa). No peak value were found for all specimens under high normal stress (144kPa). The optimum TDA content was approximately 10% (by weight) which led to the maximum shear strength. For a given TDA content, increasing the TDA aspect ratio led to increasing shear strength. The study concludes that the use of TDA modified loess in the backfills and embankments is possible. Keywords—tire derived aggregate; shear strength; content; aspect ratio; loess


National Security Technologies, LLC (NSTec), has established a work management program and corresponding electronic Facilities and Operations Management Information System (e-FOM) to implement Integrated Safety Management (ISM). The management of work scopes, the identification of hazards, and the establishment of implementing controls are reviewed and approved through electronic signatures. Through the execution of the program and the implementation of the electronic system, NSTec staff work within controls and utilize feedback and improvement process. The Integrated Work Control Manual further implements the five functions of ISM at the Activity level. By adding the Risk and Work Configuration Management program, NSTec establishes risk acceptance (business and physical) for liabilities within the performance direction and work management processes. Requirements, roles, and responsibilities are specifically identified in the program while e-FOM provides the interface and establishes the flowdown from the Safety Chain to work and facilities management processes to company work-related directives, and finally to Subject Matter Expert concurrence. The Program establishes, within the defined management structure, management levels for risk identification, risk mitigation (controls), and risk acceptance (business and physical) within the Safety Chain of Responsibility. The Program also implements Integrated Safeguards and Security Management within the NSTec Safety Chain of Responsibility. Oncemore » all information has been entered into e-FOM, approved, and captured as data, the information becomes searchable and sortable by hazard, location, organization, mitigating controls, etc.« less


Virology
Enteroviruses are important drivers of global health, but few countries undertake enterovirus surveillance. Pons-Salort and Grassly used Japanese surveillance data to model the interplay between the ratio of susceptible and immune individuals, accounting for declining birth and death rates, incomplete surveillance, and seasonality of infection (see the Perspective by Nikolay and Cauchemez). Enteroviruses have highly predictable yet highly nonlinear dynamics. The model also reveals signatures of increased pathogenicity and of antigenic change and transmissibility.

Science , this issue p. [800][1]; see also p. [755][2]

 [1]: /lookup/doi/10.1126/science.aat6777
 [2]: /lookup/volpage/361/755?iss=6404


This article examines the missionary career of Geraldine MacKenzie who, with her husband Bill MacKenzie, served on the Presbyterian mission at Aurukun on the Cape York Peninsula between 1925 and 1965. It focuses primarily on MacKenzie's own interpretation of and reflection on her experiences, as described in her memoir, Aurukun Diary. While the memoir elides some of the more controversial features of the MacKenzies' tenure at Aurukun, it provides insights into the changing nature of missionary theology and practice on Aboriginal missions in the early twentieth century, particularly as they relate to the role of women—both missionaries and mission residents.


The dissertation puts forward and studies the energy conservation design calculation and the envalutation for residential buildings with EHTV method. The EHTV method includes EHTV value, EHTV Energy Consuming Calculation and Base EHTV. The method for studying EHTV and the parameters is based on calculating a design model with program of DOE-2. According to the design standard, the paper lays down the basis for EHTV. The example has certificated that the EHTV method is suited for all climate zone and is convenient for use.


in the workplace and during their education, and some maintained that social stratification was reinforced by Catholic institutions. David Toms' interesting chapter brings to light the local soccer and Gaelic games leagues that flourished in Dublin, Cork, Limerick, and Waterford from 1922 to 1973. The competing teams were typically "connected with the two chief institutions of adult life in Ireland at that time: work and the pub." (154) The driving force behind the leagues came from the "sociability of work," rather than "top-down benevolence," (155) and these competitions provide a useful means of investigating working-class leisure time in Ireland. In another chapter, Michael Pierse takes a stretched view of cultural representations of the working class that jumps from the Gaelic League of the 1890s to the present-day TV crime drama Love/Hate, but interestingly points out the occasional hostility W.B. Yeats demonstrated for the Irish working class. The assertion in the editor's introduction and his chapter that, in Ireland, "the working class, for the most part, has been written out of history" (24) overstates the case. The unfamiliar reader could be left with the impression that little of substance has been produced in the areas of labour and class in Irish history, which is certainly not the case, even if they suffer in comparison to the attention devoted to nationalism. Some discussion of the landmark studies in the historiography of Irish labour and class would be helpful in the book. Overall, the fresh approaches and unfamiliar subjects present in a number of chapters make this a useful addition to the literature on class and labour in Irish history. Niall Whelehan University of Edinburgh James L. Turk, ed., Academic Freedom in Conflict: The Struggle over Free Speech Rights in the University (Toronto: Lorimer 2014)


Abstract : Econometric models of enlistment behavior provide policy-makers with techniques to forecast high quality enlistments to the Navy under alternative scenarios. However, due to the correlations between several of the variables (in particular, the concomitant determination of recruiter allocation, advertising expenditures, and goals), the parameter estimates of particular variables are unreliable. Hence, regression models such as the one presented here are unlikely to yield reliable estimates of the effects of policy changes that are outside the range of the historical data. However, for utility as a forecasting device, the model presented in this report has been shown to be reasonably accurate. Forecasts from the EPSUM modal have been installed in the Navy's Structured Accession Planning System (STRAP), and are being used to estimate the supply constraint employed in enlisted manpower programming. The model should also be considered for use by Navy planners in other applications requiring accurate forecasts of future Navy enlistments.


It is well know that the matched filter is the optimal linear detection filter but, this allows for the possible existence of a nonlinear detection filter with better performance. This paper considers the class of nonlinear detection filters that are composed of a linear filter followed by an arbitrary point process. The result is general enough to include detection paradigm in which the signal model is not additive. The ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve of a general point process is analyzed. This analysis reveals that nonreversibility and not nonlinearity of the point process is responsible for the improvement of the ROC curve. That is, an reversible point process, either linear or nonlinear, leaves the ROC curve unchanged. However, a nonreversible point process will alter the ROC curve. This result is used to define a canonical ROC curve which is then utilized to derive the optimal point process. Several simple forms of the point process are considered first then the general optimal point process is derived. The technique is illustrated with several examples. Results for the special case of unimodal signal densities receive particular attention.


Chain drag testing is commonly used in current practice for bridge deck evaluation due to its low cost and ease of use. However, this method is subjective, and highly depends on the experience of the operators. Ambient noise caused by traffic affects the test speed and accuracy of results. This paper describes a recent research to develop an automated chain drag acoustic scanning system to detect delaminations in concrete structures, including bridge decks. The system consists of an array of chains, a noncontact MEMS microphone sensor array, multi-channel data acquisition device, positioning system, and signal processing schemes. The multi-channel design improves the spatial coverage and resolution of testing. An algorithm for interpreting acoustic signals from the automated chain drag test is developed. This automated system will enable real time visualization of tested areas. Compared to the conventional manual chain drag test, the automated system provides improved accuracy, spatial resolution, repeata...


This paper is a master thesis proposal about a game theoretic approach for the adversarial learning problem. The main aspects of the approach would be opponent modeling by the classifier, repeated games between the classifier and the adversary, feature addition by the adversary in addition to feature removal, and the optimality in the average case.


This note is concerned with the unique Lp-solubility of the Dirichlet problem for the heat operator in a cylindrical domain QT = D × (0, T ) with bounded base D ⊂ R. Throughout, W 1,0 p (QT ) denotes the Sobolev space of functions which are Lp-integrable in QT together with their generalized first-order derivatives with respect to the variables xi, i = 1, . . . , n, and W̊ 1,0 p (QT ) denotes the completion in the norm of W 1,0 p (QT ) of the space of smooth functions vanishing in a neighbourhood of the lateral surface of the cylinder QT . Let ∂p(QT ) be the parabolic boundary of QT . We consider the Dirichlet problem


The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to develop a valid and reliable new instrument to measure relationship maintenance strategies in the context of organization-employee relationships, and (2) to explore how organizations build relationships with internal publics. A focus group (N = 10) and an online survey (N = 583) were administered. Statistical tests established the validity and reliability of a six-factor twenty-item instrument for relationship maintenance strategies. The study also found that organizations utilized openness, assurances of legitimacy, networking, and compromising to a larger extent than distributive negotiation and avoiding to build relationships with their employees.


rotating environment of a single or twin-screw extruder are discussed. model the transport processes. Some of the simplifications employed for the polymers are non-Newtonian, and the extrusion domain has to be simplified to polymers are strong functions of the temperature and of the shear rate, since most temperature, velocity and defect distributions. Similarly, properties of typical using a balance of forces. The transport in the glass is calculated to obtain the domain. The free surface, which defines the neck-down profile, is determined by changes. A coordinate transformation is used to simplify the computational occur with temperature and the geometry is complicated due to large diameter processes, for relatively large draw speeds, is discussed. Large property changes polymer extrusion. A numerical study of the optical fiber drawing and coating physical nature of the problems. These are the manufacture of optical fibers and applications are chosen as examples to illustrate the methodology and the them are considered in this paper. Two important materials processing to property variation. The main complexities that arise and the methods to treat domain and approximating the nonlinear coupling of the governing equations due materials. The basic approach to simulate these flows involves simplifying the thermal processing of materials such as polymers, ceramics, glass, and composite with large variations in material properties, is of particular relevance to the Numerical modeling of transport in very viscous flows in complex domains,


Glass‐based mini‐LED has become the development direction of the next generation display technology with its advantages of low cost, low power consumption, high contrast and excellent heat dissipation after mass production. In this paper, in order to improve the reliability of glass‐based direct display mini‐LED, it was sealed with glue, and the moisture permeability of glue and the basic situation of the substrate after sealing were discussed.


For the past fifteen years, the International Ultraviolet Explorer (IUE) astronomical satellite has been successfully scheduled by `coarse-graining' the time into large discrete blocks. The success is due in part to the flexibility of coarse-graining which allows real-time modifications to the observing plan by the guest investigators. Such flexibility is desirable whenever an astronomical object is observed for the first time by a particular mission, since new data sometimes contain scientific surprises, and because several important types of astronomical objects are characteristically unpredictable and variable (e.g. supernovas, x-ray transients, etc.). Software which can incorporate this approach has the potential of significantly improving the efficiency and scientific return of future satellite missions. We give an overview of the IUE satellite and its scheduling requirements and describe our approach to satellite scheduling using constraint logic programming. We describe some of the constraints which are useful for satellite scheduling and show how the constraints can be used for efficient coarse- grained scheduling. We also discuss advantages of this approach for other satellite telescopes.


November of 2012: While auditing the lecture of a colleague, she spoke about different situations that our students may encounter during the course of their career or even in their personal lives. She spoke openly to the students and told them that there would be times in their career when things may happen and because of their profession, nursing, they would be required to stay calm and take control of the situation. During those times, each student would be required to "put on your nurse face" and handle the situation. (Special thanks to Ellen Boyd, RN, MSN for giving my story its name.)


Objectives: To study the factors associated with postpartum iron deficiency anemia. Study Design: Case-control study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Unit-II, Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College Sukkur, Pakistan from 1st January 2020 to 31st December 2020 Methodology: Five hundred and seventy six women were included in which 144 women with postpartum iron deficiency anemia (Hb <11 g/dl at 24 to 48 hours post-delivery) were as case group and 432 women without postpartum iron deficiency anemia (Hb >11gdl at 24-48 hours post delivery) were as control group. Results: There was not significant (p=0.87) difference between case and control groups. Multiparity was associated with post-partum iron deficiency anemia (p=0.012). Postpartum iron deficiency anemia was about two times more likely in multiparous (OR=1.65; 95%CI: 1.12 to 2.44) than primiparious, failure to exclusively breast-feeding was also associated (p=0.003), postpartum iron deficiency anemia was two times more likely in those women those were not exclusive breast-feeding (OR=1.95; 95%CI: 1.24 to 3.07) than those were. Similarly post-partum iron deficiency anemia was ten times more likely in those women whose education was below or metric (OR=10.54; 95%CI: 2.85 to 39.03) than those who are highly educated. On the other hand, obesity was not associated (p=0.075) unadjusted odd ratio of obese was 0.68 (95%CI: 0.44 to 1.04) Conclusion: Multiparity failure to exclusively breast feed is significantly associated with postpartum iron deficiency anemia. Keywords: Postpartum iron deficiency anemia, obesity, multiparty


Recently, the aspect of visual perception has been explored in the context of Gibson's concept of affordances in various ways. We focus in this work on the importance of developmental learning and the perceptual cueing for an agent's anticipation of opportunities for interaction, in extension to functional views on visual feature representations. The concept for the incremental learning of complex from basic affordances is presented in relation to learning of specific affordance features. We demonstrate the learning of causal relations between visual cues and associated anticipated interactions by reinforcement learning of predictive perceptual states. The work pursues a recently presented framework for cueing and recognition of affordance-based visual entities that plays an important role in robot control architectures, in analogy to human perception. We experimentally verify the concept within a real world robot scenario by learning predictive features from delayed rewards, and prove that features were selected for their relevance in predicting opportunities for interaction.


In an infant-controlled experiment, 38 babies aged 9–10 months, while accompanied by their mothers, were confronted with a novel inanimate object and an unfamiliar person. Among them, 17 who approached both the toy and the stranger were labeled 'bold,' while 17 others approached the toy but not the stranger, and were classified as 'shy.' A comparison of the familiarization strategies displayed by these two groups in the stranger situation was performed. It showed (1) that no fear nor any clear-cut sign of negative affect towards the stranger appeared in either group; (2) that the same process of maintaining a distance between themselves and the stranger was apparent in all infants, bold as well as shy; and (3) that a main difference between the two groups was the pace at which they performed the same kind of distal familiarization. A reinterpretation of the function of distance-maintaining in infant reaction to strangers is proposed, whereby it is seen as a positive and appropriate social behavior, rooted in the conception of persons that infants of that age are believed to possess.


The transformation of operators' traffic management, the demand for refined management, and the improvement of users' satisfaction have put forward higher requirements for network maintenance. In order to better network fine operation and maintenance management around user perception, this paper analyzes the influence of quality of service (QoS) and quality of experience (QoE) on users' subjective feelings, establishes an evaluation model to quantify user experience quality, and lists a practical application scenario using this model.


The spectral resolved opacity of high temperature Mg plasma at a temperature of 56 eV and a density of 0.01 g/cm 3 is calculated by the detailed term accounting (DTA) model. Saha equation is applied to obtain the population distribution of the plasma in local thermodynamic equilibrium. Atom levels and bound-bound absorption oscillator strengths are obtained from a multi-configuration Hartree-Fock (MCHF) calculation that includes Breit-Pauli relativistic correction. After considering the impact broadening and Doppler broadening, the spectral line has a Vogit profile. Bound-free and free-free absorption are also cvlculated by averaged atom (AA) model.


Cognitive neuroscience research requires a great deal of time and money, and it attracts a great deal of attention. Consequently, there is a subversive temptation to declare it useless. This general grumble comprises many related gripes: Cognitive neuroscience is poorly executed; its costs do not justify its benefits; for a long time we all got along just fine without it, and I still do; it's just a fad; people are just wowed by pictures of brains; etc. Still, cognition is the study of mental computations that are performed by a neural machine. It is remarkable to suppose that studying the machine itself would not usefully inform cognitive research. So which is it? Does neuroscience illuminate cognitive research, or is it the moon that never rose? Is cognitive neuroscience an oxymoron? This essay dodges numerous gripes. It does not address whether most cognitive neuroscience is well executed; whether its benefits typically outweigh its costs; whether neuroscience could ever be necessary to develop a psychological theory; or whether its celebrity outstrips its merit. But it does conclude that neuroscience can play important role in cognitive research. The argument has three parts: A general account of the relationship between neuroscience and cognition, a specific case study of the contribution of neuroscience to the study of visual cognition, and a quantitative analysis of citation records in the journal Cognition.


Forward‐angle light‐scatter (FALS) particle counting is investigated as a means to quantify and improve filtered‐water quality in drinking‐water treatment. In the laboratory, FALS particle counts are found to be precise and reproducible by multiple analysts when proper sample handling procedures are followed. In FALS counts of water samples with added Giardia cysts, FALS categorizes Giardia cysts as equivalent to spheres of 1–5 μm in diameter, demonstrating the importance of using a particle counter to size particles of interest prior to selecting size ranges for routine monitoring. In full‐scale water‐treatment plant trials, FALS particle counts are used to show that particles in filtered water are substantially reduced when filter operation is changed from intermittent, fixed rate, 60‐hour filter runs to continuously operated, variable rate, with 48 hours between backwashes. Filtered‐water quality is also higher in stage 2 of the Bearspaw Water Treatment Plant than in stage 1 under all operating conditi...


Abstract As asynchronous, web-based courses become more prevalent, we must reassess the ownership of the various tasks involved in designing, developing and delivering these courses. While in a traditional, synchronous course a single person may be responsible for all these tasks, it is more appropriate to assign the various tasks involved in an online course offering to different individuals or groups within an institution. We propose five roles in this model: (1) course developers or content experts, (2) instructional designers, (3) course supervisor or "instructor of record," (4) distance learning instructors, and (5) technical support personnel. In this paper, the authors share their experiences as course developers, course supervisor, and learning leaders for a graduate-level computer engineering course. The paper discusses the course objectives, course design and delivery mechanisms, teaching and learning experiences, and "lessons learned" from the first offering of the course. Corresponding author: Luiz A. DaSilva Email:


The author of this book describes with much personal sympathy the varying fortunes of his great-grandfather, Charles Blacker Vignoles (1793—1875). Using a wide variety of public and family material, he has created a readable account, markedly different from the 1889 biography by Olinthus Vignoles. Although remembered as a railway engineer, Vignoles did no railway work until 1825, when he executed a route survey from London to Brighton for George and John Rennie. This was followed by a tangled involvement with the Liverpool & Manchester Railway, ended by Vignoles' answering allegations of incompetence by resigning. Undeterred, he entered Novelty in the Rainhill trials, and 1832 saw the completion of the first stretch of line (on the St. Helens & Runcorn Gap Railway) built entirely by Vignoles. Further railway work followed, including the Dublin & Kingston, Midland Counties, and Sheffield & Manchester. This last ended in disaster for Vignoles, who fell out with the Board, resigned, and was nearly bankrupted as a result. Little wonder that on his 50th birthday he wrote, 'I am overwhelmed with Debts and Difficulties'. His greatest achievement was not a railway but bridging the Dnieper at Kiev. Despite lack of experience, Vignoles persuaded the Tsar to accept his proposal for a six-span suspension bridge, 2562 feet long. This mighty work, opened in 1853, 'set the seal on his position among the leading engineers of his time', and in 1855 he was elected an FRS. After Kiev, he had few problems, and successfully built railways in Germany, Spain and Brazil, and became President of the Institution of Civil Engineers in 1869. The book would be materially improved by the provision of a chronology, a list of engineering works, and list of publications by Vignoles himself. I would also query the author's claim that the well known cast-iron towpath bridges on the Oxford Canal have 'recently come to light'—and his supposition that Vignoles designed them. With William Cubitt as consultant, John Ferguson as resident under the company's engineer, Frederick Wood, who would need a surveyor to design the bridges? Perhaps the Coventry City Engineer, who (we are told) has named one of these 'Vignoles Bridge', knows something we do not.


A new time series analysis model has been developed for the benefit of both the SWOV Institute for Road Safety Research annual analyses and the Policy Information System for Road Safety (BIS-V). This paper gives an account of the development of this model. This model is based on the linking of the short-term descriptions and prognoses of the National Travel Survey (OVG)/Traffic Accident Registration (VOR) data to the SWOV macro model's long-term description and prognosis. The paper discusses how mobility data disaggregated by transport mode and age group are modelled in order to come to prognoses. The paper also describes how the risk and traffic victim prognoses are obtained for the specific age and transport mode categories. The most important conclusion is that the model is not finished yet.


The economic vulnerability of children in lone-parent families has drawn attention to child support policy. After 13 years of constant policy changes the child support system remains highly problematic and is currently undergoing an independent review. Given this, it is timely to question whether child support payments (from all types of agreements, not just Child Support Agency assessments) are actually helping lone-mother families. Or are most low-income mothers connected to men who have little capacity to pay, so that child support actually helps only moderate-income families? This article uses data from the UK Families and Children Study to examine the receipt of child support by lone mothers across the income distribution. It examines the amounts of child support received and the contribution it makes to total income packages across two major groupings: lone-mother quintile groups and poverty groups. We find that lone mothers who are already relatively better off (compared with other lone mothers in the survey) are more likely to receive child support. However, lone mothers who receive child support tend to receive similar median amounts, regardless of their income levels. Moreover, child support is a more important part of the income package for lone mothers with low incomes than for those with higher incomes.


The authors discuss psychosocial factors associated with three phases that lead to adolescent suicide attempts, assessment of risk, and treatment implications. Special focus is accorded to integrating individual treatment with family therapy or group therapy.


Performance in schools is increasingly judged on the basis of effective learning outcomes. Information is critical to knowing whether the school system is delivering good performance and to providing feedback for improvement in student outcomes. This paper will present a preliminary framework for planning a proposed program that includes: a testing and data utilization component for identifying student learning needs and measuring achievement, and intervention components for teacher-level factors affecting students' acquisition of knowledge and skills in the classroom. A core feature of the program is the use of assessment to inform improvement efforts at the level of classroom learning. Such a feature raises important questions on how assessments can be used to inform instruction and professional development decisions and how can assessment and evaluation policies work together more effectively to improve student outcomes in primary and secondary schools? These issues were identified by the framework and steps will be proposed on how to address them.  There is widespread recognition that evaluation and assessment frameworks are key to building stronger and fairer school systems. It also emphasizes the importance of seeing evaluation and assessment not as ends in themselves, but instead as important tools for achieving improved student outcomes. The construction of this framework has been guided by current evidence on what contributes to student learning and effective training and teaching practices as well as current views on the role of assessment in teaching and learning. It will serve to guide planners in assessing current capacities, identifying future directions, and planning cyclical monitoring for program enhancement.


The purpose of this report is to study the dynamics of rigid blocks subjected to an earthquake ground motion. Such study could predict whether a rigid body overturns or remains standing. In particular, three cases are analysed in detail. Firstly, we deal with the one body case, for which it is studied the phase space when there is and when there is not a perturbation acting on the system. In particular, some numerical computations are carried out in order to find periodic orbits making use of the Poincare impact map. Another special case of piecewise smooth systems is analyzed, a nonlinear impact oscillator. Finally, the one body case is extended to two blocks rocking. The purpose of this study is to look for some periodic orbits in order to know whether the motion of the blocks synchronizes.


Organizational errors, or organizational actions that unintentionally deviate from rules and expectations, may threaten the competitive advantage and the viability of firms. It is therefore the task of top executives to manage organizational errors once they occur. Empirical literature is scarce on the here and now of error management as distinct from preventing errors from occurring and learning from errors after they were managed. Intrigued by the phenomenon, we conducted an inductive study based on in-depth interviews with chairmen and CEOs of 20 large firms of the European financial sector employing 900,000 people and two case studies of large-impact errors. Insights we draw are: a) top executives indeed consider organizational errors as a permanent preoccupation; b) as errors occur frequently, it is useful to delineate different phases for their efficient management, namely assessing error cues, acknowledging errors, and acting upon the acknowledgment; c) of these stages referred to as 3 As, acknowle...


Provides an overview of the current regulatory environment pertaining to the valuations of US landfill sites. Addresses changes in US regulations and how they relate to closure and post‐closure costs as well as the owners′ financial responsibility after closure. Concludes that the methodology of valuing landfills by using comparison of similar sales becomes less useful with the introduction of the new regulations.


These are the lecture notes for the course Geometric measure theory and singular integrals, given in Spring 2017 at the University of Helsinki. They contain the constructive part of P. Jones'L∞ traveling salesman theorem in the plane, following the book of Bishop and Peres, and two proofs of an L traveling salesman theorem for doubling measures, due to Badger and Schul (the first proof assumes a quantitative form of non-atomicity from the measure, and follows an argument of Tolsa). As an application of the traveling salesman theorems, the notes contain a proof of the Mattila-Melnikov-Verdera theorem from 1996, on the Cauchy transform and uniform rectifiability. Several additional topics are also discussed: • David's theorem, stating that non-atomic measures with bounded Cauchy transform have linear growth, • the Denjoy conjecture (aka Calderón's theorem), stating that positive-length subsets of rectifiable curves are non-removable for bounded analytic functions, • and finally the fact that sufficiently irregular sets, including the four-corners Cantor set, are removable for bounded analytic functions. CONTENTS


Abstract A model of ferroelectric switching in thin films which also exhibit semiconducting properties is presented. The two principle assumptions upon which the model is based are (1) that the threshold field for reverse domain nucleation, E cm, is much greater than the field required for domain wall motion, E cm, and (2) that the electrode-film interface is modeled as a metal-semiconductor interface. A film thickness dependence of the coercive field is qualitatively predicted by the model. When applied to the experimentally determined thickness dependence of coercive field in lead-zirconate-titanate thin films, the model predicts a donor concentration, N D, of 1018 cm−3 and a space charge surface layer thickness, W, of 0.2 μm.


ABSTRACT In the opening months of the First World War, a rumour spread across the United Kingdom that Russian soldiers – identified by the 'snow on their boots' – had landed in Scotland en route to the Western Front. Despite being relegated to history's footnotes as a comical but meaningless episode, this article takes the rumour seriously. Unconcerned with questions of 'truth' (the rumour was dismissed as fantastical by late October 1914), it will argue that the real value of this story lies in what it reveals about British society at the outbreak of war. The rumour emerged as the British Expeditionary Force entered its first big test of the Great War – the battle of Mons – which would result in Germany's first great victory and thousands of casualties. As such the rumour can be interpreted as a form of 'secular apparition' bringing consolation to many. It was one of the ways ordinary people made sense of their newly threatening world.


Gutian meeting is a milestone in the history of the construction of people's army.It mainly solves the problem on how to build a army with peasants as the main component into a new people's army in the lead of the Communist Party.In Xinquan training and consolidation,the political rectification in the lead of Mao Zedong plays a decisive role in the triumphant holding of Gutian meeting.


The purpose of the electrode Disclosed covering the graphene has a first electrode containing a plurality of lithium particles, by coating a carbon layer on at least a portion on the surface of each particle, one at least a portion it is to provide a battery that includes the graphene by electrochemical stripping coated over a plurality of particles. Wherein the battery includes an electrolyte and the second electrode, at least a portion of the first electrode of the portion and at least a second electrode is in contact with the electrolyte. .The 11


LBS Physicians need to know about complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) because of the plain fact that our patients use them. Proper investigation must be undertaken to see how these substances affect our patients because they are being utilized whether or not we recommend them. Our group currently has a paper in press with Hepatology that focuses on the use of CAMs in the ongoing HALT-C (Hepatitis C Antiviral Long-term Treatment against Cirrhosis) trial, supported by The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). This trial involves patients with histologically advanced chronic hepatitis C, all of whom were nonresponders, sometimes on more than one occasion, to state-of-the-art antiviral therapy. For this present study, patients were randomized to receive either no treatment or antiviral therapy for a period of 3.5 years in the hope of diminishing progression of the liver disease. One would therefore conclude that these patients are committed to treating their disease with conventional drugs. At baseline, all participants completed an extensive questionnaire that included information regarding the use of herbal products or other CAMs. We found that 40% of the patients enrolled in HALT-C were either currently using or had previously used herbal products. In fact, 21–22% were using herbal products concomitant with the study medication. G&H What are the most popular CAM substances that are in use among patients with hepatic disease?


We report on magnetooptical studies of MBE-grown half-parabolic CdTe/CdxMn1-xTe quantum well structures. The value of the valence band offset Qv = 0.4 ± 0.05 was determined by comparing energies of optical transitions in the absence of a magnetic field with model calculations. This value was verified by fitting the observed spin splitting of the lowest heavy hole (hh) state. We discuss also the temperature dependence of Q,,. PACS numbers: 78.66.Hf, 75.50.Pp


In most of people talk about a school curriculum, they think about math, science, social studies and language courses. Seldom do I hear or read about moral values as being part of the curriculum. The problem is that the neglect of teaching moral values in schools, is hurting our students and causing problems in society. If a person has never learnt any moral values, how is she or he able to discern the difference between right and wrong? That is basically the essence of moral values based education. Therefore, in the present paper discusses about the 'Importance of moral values for students' curriculum and also elaborates about the ways of inculcation of moral values.


Our Department of Architecture has two fields of study in its curriculum, architectural design and structural engineering. While this educational system is expected to satisfy concerns for the total design of both space and structure in architecture, students cannot be expected to achieve satisfactory results through academic education alone. In an attempt to stimulate the creative thinking of undergraduate and graduate students, the Dome Competition was held on the university campus. Mini-dome were built by the students for the purpose of promoting ability and interest in the design of space and structure. A judging committee selected some of the domes, built by the students in a single day, as excellent examples of image or concept, system, detail and construction.


ABSTRACT The research aims to determine estimation of mahalanobis genetic distance. There was conducted in farmer groups Rehna Latersia Berastagi (North Sumatra). The objectives of this research using 227 heads rabbit of 20 strain rabbit, strain were analized Rex, English Spot (ES), English Angora (AI), Angora Francis (AF), Vlaamse Reus (VR), Lyon, Lop, Dwarfth, Lilo (Lyon x Lop), Loplylo (Local Lop x Lilo), Lyplyp (F1 Lilo) , Anglolylo (Local Angora x Lilo), Loes (Local x ES), Lela (Loes x lyang), Lorex (Local x Rex), Lovla (Local x VR), Lilolop (Lilo x Lop), Lyalya (F1 lyang), Angrexlya ((Angora x Rex) x lyang), and lyang (Lyon x Angora). Data were collected  consist of the head (length, width), ears (length, width), chest (girth, deep, wide), long bones (radius-ulna, humerus, tibia, femur, spine), wide hips, long hair (back, hips, head, between the ears , the head between the eyes , stomach). The results showed that the rabbit ES, VR, Lovla, and Loes have a larger body size, while AI and AF have longer hair than the other rabbit strains, fenogram tree formed four groups , the far genetic distance showed between VR rabbit by Dwarfth (8,24), ES by Dwarfth (8,28), the close genetic distance showed Loplylo by Lilo (1,31), and Loplylo by Lop (1.66). Results of canonical analysis showed that the most discriminant variables were obtained by fur length type on ( abdomen , hips, between the eyes, back) for first canonical, and length (head of the humerus bone, and ear) for second canonical. The conclusion of this study is the rabbit with the same purpose showed relative high on mixture value , and have relative similar morphometrics. Keywords : Rabbit, Genetic Distance, Morphometrics


Males, and females using oral contraception (OC), exhibit larger increases in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) during exercise than naturally menstruating females. Furthermore, sympathetic transduction into blood pressure during exercise is greater in females using OC than naturally menstruating females. Though limb vasoconstriction for a given dose of norepinephrine is blunted in females (via estrogen mediated β-adrenergic vasodilation) compared to males at rest, the impact of sex, menstrual cycle, and OC on MSNA and action potential (AP) discharge, as well as sympathetic neurovascular transduction (sNVT) during exercise remains unknown. We hypothesized that during exercise: 1) males would exhibit the largest increases in MSNA and AP recruitment as well as sNVT, and 2) naturally menstruating females would exhibit less sympathetic reactivity and sNVT compared to females using OC. MSNA, AP discharge (microneurography and a continuous wavelet transform), and leg blood flow (doppler ultrasound) were assessed in 10 naturally menstruating females (25±4 years (mean±SD)), 7 females using OC (26±5 years), and 6 males (YM; 26±5 years) during static handgrip exercise (SHG) to fatigue at 40% of maximal voluntary contraction force. SHG duration was divided into four equal stages. Leg vascular conductance (LVC) was calculated as leg blood flow divided by mean arterial pressure, and sNVT was quantified as the slope of the relationship between changes in (Δ) LVC and MSNA or AP discharge. Females were tested in the mid luteal (ML) and active pill OC phases. Linear mixed-model analyses were used to assess ΔMSNA, AP discharge, and LVC during SHG, whereas sNVT was assessed via one-way ANOVAs. No group differences were observed for ΔMSNA burst frequency ( P=0.937), incidence ( P=0.928), amplitude ( P=0.293) or total activity ( P=0.966) throughout exercise. Similarly, ΔAPs/burst ( P=0.59), ΔClusters/burst ( P=0.393), ΔTotal clusters ( P=0.639) were not different between groups throughout exercise. Conversely, an interaction effect was observed for ΔLVC during exercise ( P=0.004), with ML females tending to have smaller ΔLVC than YM at 25% ( P=0.132), 75% ( P=0.174) and 100% ( P=0.103) of SHG. Thus, sNVT of MSNA burst amplitude (ML: -0.007±0.007, YM: -0.023±0.01 Δml/min/ΔAU; post-hoc P=0.008), total activity (ML: -0.00007±0.00007, YM: -0.0003±0.0001 Δml/min/ΔAU/min-1; post-hoc P=0.002), and total AP clusters (ML: -0.03±0.03, YM: -0.08±0.03 Δml/min/Δclusters; post-hoc P=0.027) was lower in ML females relative to YM. In females using OC, sNVT was not different compared to ML females or YM (all post-hoc P>0.05 ). sNVT of other MSNA/AP indices were not different between groups (all P>0.05). These preliminary data indicate that sNVT of MSNA burst amplitude and total AP clusters is greater in males than naturally menstruating females, and that OC use does not impact AP discharge or sNVT within females during static handgrip exercise. Supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2023 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.


This study aims to develop a valid environment evaluation scale in order to examine visual properties and affective appraisals separately to reveal relations between them. Based on Sue & Hanyu (2008), an environment evaluation scale was developed. The scale consists of 20 items evaluating visual property, 10 items evaluating affective appraisal items and an item asking how ideal a waiting area is for a participant. One-hundred and four university students were asked to evaluate 28 clinic waiting rooms' environment on this scale. A canonical correlation analysis revealed 7 significant relationships among the variables as follows: 1) all evaluative properties and most of visual properties, 2) atmosphere and easy to enter, 3) a confusion and arousal activity, 4) concrete objects and relax, 5) new and stressful, and 6) concrete objects and easy to enter, 7) facility-like, and uninterested.


Data from samples of commercial landings of inshore Lockeport haddock are used to form a curve of growth in length. Maturity and spawning data for these fish are then related to changes in their length–weight relationship. By combining length–weight and growth-in-length data, a curve of growth in weight is derived for use in yield calculations. Apparent changes in growth of inshore Lockeport haddock between 1926 and 1946–54 are discussed.


The first direct study of the reaction between lithium atoms and water vapour is presented. Lithium atoms were produced by the pulsed photolysis of LiOH vapour in the presence of an excess of H2O and N2 both gas. The Li-atom concentration was monitored by laser-induced fluorescence of the metal atoms at λ= 670.7 nm using a pulsed nitrogen-pumped dye laser and boxcar integration of the fluorescence signal. Absolute second-order rate constants were obtained at T= 850, 900, 925, 950, 973 and 1000 K. A fit of these data to the Arrhenius form yields (2σ errors)k(T)=(5.6+ 4.3–2.4)× 10–10 exp [–(7970 ± 544)/T] cm3 molecule–1 s–1.The activation energy of 66.3 ± 4.5 kJ mol–1 may be compared to estimates for the standard enthalpy change (between 850 and 1000 K) of this reaction which rage from 62 to 73 kJ mol–1. To be compatible with our experimental data, and within the range of values derived from studies in flames, D°0(Li—OH) probably lies in the range 437–441 kJ mol–1.The reverse reaction between LiOH and H is important in both the chemistry of Li in flames (T > 1500 K) and in describing the atmospheric chemistry of Li in the mesosphere (T= 200 K). Estimates for this rate constant were obtained in both temperature regimes through detailed balancing.


Some of the results in my paper will perhaps be used in another article and submitted to an international journal. [Publiseringsvalg endret fra 'Aldri' etter melding fra forfatteren 25.11.2016. LL]


Two new species, from Palaearctic and Oriental China, Antillocladius scalpellatus sp. n. and A. zhengi sp. n. are described as male imagines. Both belong in the pluspilalus group.


Introduction Most studies of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) distribution in rivers and coastal estuarine sediments have been conducted in the more industrialized areas of the world such as the United States, Canada, Europe, Australia, and Japan. In the south East Asia, industrialization has proceeded fast during the past decade and the potential associated in PAHs input is concerned. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHS) are pollutants of concern due to their persistent in the marine ecosystem, thus its can cause long-term adverse effect to the marine life. Therefore, the importance of studding PAHs in coastal sediments also relates to their bioaccumulation in selfish and other benthic organisms, and possible entry to human food chains by this route. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the environmental behavior of PAHs in estuarine systems, as these areas act as transit zones in which contaminations are transported from rivers to oceans.


Aim To development a rapid diagnostic method for pathogens of diarrhea. Methods Based on unique sequence characterististics of 16S rDNA,the rDNA was frist amplified by polymerase chain reaction, then the amplified productds was hybridized to specific probe bound to Nylon Membrans. Hybrid product was detected by Dig Nuleic Acid Detection System.Results 16S rDNA could be amplified from multiple diarrhea pathogens. Only specific microbe could be hybridized with corresponding probe. It could detect DNA as few as 120μg/ml.Conclusion The PCR-RDB based on unique sequence characteristic of 16S rDNA is a method of high specificity,good reproducibility and high sensitivity. It' s a practical method for diarrhea pathogens.


This thesis has assessed the tourism potential of Barrio La Ronda, located in the historic center of Quito declared by UNESCO as Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
This place has been identified as a major cultural attraction within the City where people can visit to receive additional information that is currently available.
The tourism demand has also been considered though a market survey on the streets of the city, and has determined the service that customers will demand.


31
 P NMR spectroscopy has been used to investigate the heterogeneous-phase hydrolysis of zinc(II) bis(O,O-dialkyl dithiophosphates)(ZnDTP), Zn[S2P(OR)2]21 where R = 2-propyl 1a, 2-butyl 1b, 4-methyl-2-pentyl 1c and 2-ethylhexyl 1d in a 1:1 mixture of heptane–p-xylene to which a tenfold excess of water (relative to ZnDTP) was added. In each case, the process leads to endproducts identical to those previously found for homogeneous-phase hydrolysis, viz. thiophosphoric acid 4, phosphoric acid 5 and alkyl dihydrogen phosphate 8. All hydrolyses are found to follow firstorder kinetics and the calculated relative rates of hydrolytic breakdown (kHET= 4.16–0.66 × 10–5 s–1) show a significant decrease as the size of alkyl group increases. This is attributed to the ratelimiting step for hydrolysis being the diffusion of the ZnDTP across the solvent–water interface.


The invention relates to a method for dynamically identifying and configuring an external display. An external video graphics array (VGA) display is detected actively and regularly, so that a working mode of a display card is reconfigured according to the optimal resolution and the refresh rate of the current display. In the method, extended display identification data (EDID) information stored in the current display is detected regularly, so that whether the current display is changed can be determined through correctness detection and difference comparison; if the current display is different from the previous display, the optimal resolution and the refresh rate which are stored in the EDID of the current display are resolved immediately; and then the working mode of the display card can be reconfigured according to the new resolution and the refresh rate, so that the problem that a user changes the VGA display through hot plug, so that the resolution of the display cannot be automatically adjusted to be the optimal mode or the problem that an output of the display card exceeds a resolution value range, so that the display has a black screen and outputs abnormally can be solved.


The literature addressing forgiving and its use as a counseling technique is reviewed. Forgiving is hypothesized to yield cognitive, emotional, and interpersonal benefits to individuals who forgive others of significant interpersonal offenses, though little evidence supports these claims. Religious counselors and clients value forgiveness and its implementation in counseling, and forgiveness is frequently encouraged in religious counseling. However, forgiveness receives little attention from many non-religious professionals and remains to be investigated critically. In light of the potential benefits associated with forgiving, researchers and practitioners are encouraged to consider forgiveness as a therapeutic technique and to investigate its effects scientifically.


Abstract Insisting on a radical divide between post-1750 ideologies in Europe and earlier political thought in both Europe and Asia, modernist scholars of nationalism have called attention, quite justifiably, to European nationalisms' unique focus on popular sovereignty, legal equality, territorial fixity, and the primacy of secular over universal religious loyalties. Yet this essay argues that nationalism also shared basic developmental and expressive features with political thought in pre-1750 Europe as well as in rimland—that is to say outlying—sectors of Asia. Polities in Western Europe and rimland Asia were all protected against Inner Asian occupation, all enjoyed relatively cohesive local geographies, and all experienced economic and social pressures to integration that were not only sustained but surprisingly synchronized throughout the second millennium. In Western Europe and rimland Asia each major state came to identify with a named ethnicity, specific artifacts became badges of inclusion, and central ethnicity expanded and grew more standardized. Using Myanmar and pre-1750 England/Britain as case studies, this essay reconstructs these centuries-long similarities in process and form between "political ethnicity," on the one hand, and modern nationalism, on the other. Finally, however, this essay explores cultural and material answers to the obvious question: if political ethnicities in Myanmar and pre-1750 England/Britain were indeed comparable, why did the latter realm alone generate recognizable expressions of nationalism? As such, this essay both strengthens and weakens claims for European exceptionalism.


Purpose:  The aim of this study was to determine the interocular differences of the Pentacam corneal measurements in a normal population.


Maternal hypertiroidism is a relative rare disorder, which can seriously complicate pregnancy in each of its periods. There are several maternal and fetal complications during pregnancy, delivery and postpartum period. Correct management includes an accurate diagnosis, rigorous individualized treatment and minutious follow–up. We are presenting a retrospective study of 38 pregnant women who delivered in the Obstetric Unit of the University Emergency Bucharest Hospital in the past five years. We established a follow–up protocol in collaboration with endocrinologists. Precocious diagnosis of pregnancy is, in our opinion, mandatory. Accurate diagnosis of hormonal status beginning from the first week of pregnancy is of great importance. Maternal (weight, BP, TSH, thyroid hormones, ECG, etc.) and fetal (ultrasound, non–stress test, Doppler study) evaluation during pregnancy were rigorous performed. Results: abortion rate was 5%; 15% of pregnant women delivered prematurely; cesarean section rate was 22%; fetal outcome was excellent. Treatment adjustment during pregnancy was frequent, 28% of pregnant women had no hormonal treatment in the last trimester of pregnancy. Maternal complications were rare (poor weight gain, tachycardia). Fetal complications included low birth weight (24%), fetal respiratory distress (10%). Conclusions: team work with experienced endocrinologists and understanding of versatility of disease leads to good prognosis of mother and fetus in presence of hypertiroidism.


Objective To observe the effects of lysophosphatidic acid(LPA) on arrhythmia in acute myocardial infarction(AMI) rats.Methods AMI models were prepared by ligating the left coronary branch of rats.60 Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups:sham-operated(SO),AMI,AMI+LPA,AMI+pertussis toxin(PTX) and(AMI+)PTX+LPA.ECG were recorded,HR and VPBs were observed as important indexes.Results Incidence of tachycardia and VPBs of unit time in AMI group were increased compared with sham-operated group(P0.01).Incidence of tachycardia and VPBs of unit time in AMI+LPA group were increased compared with AMI group(P0.05).Incidence of tachycardia and VPBs of unit time in AMI+PTX group were decreased compared with AMI+LPA group,it showed the effect was blocked by PTX,a G-protein-coupled receptor blocking agent.(Conclusion LPA can) promote the occurrence of arrhythmia in AMI rats.


This present invention provides methods and pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment or prophylaxis of diabetes and related disorders, comprising the administration of an effective amount of a monoester of probucol, particularly the monosuccinic acid ester, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof.


Juniper is a small-diameter underutilized lignocellulosic material. We evaluated the efficacy of base-treated juniper fiber (BTJF) for cadmium (Cd) sorption and the viability of juniper fiber as a sorbent for removing Cd from water. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated that carboxylate ion is a major functional group responsible for Cd sorption. The apparent ideal sodium hydroxide concentration for base treatment is approximately 0.5M. A batch sorption isotherm test showed that equilibrium sorption data were better represented by the Langmuir model than the Freundlich model. After base treatment, the maximum Cd sorption loading, Qmax; was greatly improved (9.18–29.54mg/g), despite a decrease in specific surface area. A pseudo-second-order kinetic model fitted well for the sorption of Cd onto BTJF. Initial metal ion concentration and treatment alkalinity were found to be major parameters influencing the kinetics of the sorption reaction. As a result of its strong ability to bind cadmium and its faster kinetics in low concentration, BTJF could be an inexpensive and efficient sorbent for removing heavy metals from stormwater runoff. Published by Elsevier Ltd.


The incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease increases with levels of low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C). Yet, a paradox may exist where lower LDL‐C levels at myocardial infarction (MI) are associated with poorer prognoses.


ZnAl-LDH(layered double hydroxide) modified with oleic acid(SO-ZnAl LDH) was synthesized and added to the flame retardant ABS compounds containing brominated epoxy resin(BER) and antimony trioxide(). Flame retardant ABS compounds were manufactured by using a twin-screw co-rotating extruder and subsequently injection molded into several specimen for flame retardancy and mechanical properties. The XRD patterns of ABS nanocomposites showed no peaks. The thermal stability of ABS nanocomposites was enhanced by the addition of SO-ZnAl LDH as shown in TGA results. However, these nanocomposites showed no rating in the UL 94 vertical test at 1.6 mm thickness. Only ABS nanocomposites with additional BER more than 1.5 wt% showed UL 94 V0 rating. Notched Izod impact strength, tensile modulus, and elongation at break of flame retardant ABS nanocomposites increased with the proportion of So-ZnAl LDH whereas their melt index decreased.


Professor M. Zhytaryuk's review is about a book scientific novelty – a monograph by Professor M. Tymoshyk «Ukrainian journalism in the diaspora: Great Britain. Monograph. K.: Our culture and science, 2020. 500 p. – il., Them. pok., resume English, German, Polish.». Well-known scientist and journalism critic, Professor M. S. Tymoshyk, wrote a thorough work, which, in terms of content, is a combination of a monograph, a textbook and a scientific essay. This book can be useful for both students and practicing journalists or anyone interested in the history of the Ukrainian diaspora, Ukrainian journalism and Ukrainian culture. The author dedicated his work to Stepan Yarmus from Winnipeg, Canada – archpriest, journalist, editor, professor. As the epigraph to the book were taken the words of Ivan Bagryany: «Our press, born under the sword of Damocles of repatriation», not only survived and survived to this day, but also showed a brilliant ability to grow and develop. It was shown that beggars that had come to the West without money at heart can and know how to act so organized. It was also an example of how a modern «enbolshevist» and «denationalized» by the occupier man person is capable of a combined mass action».


This chapter turns to Joseph Addison's Spectator and finally to Adam Smith, who transformed the theatrical cosmopolitanism of the Restoration into a theory of emotions and cosmopolitics. Like many philosophers in the eighteenth century, Adam Smith aims to understand both emotions and political economy. The chapter explains that the book shows how these two points of interest were profoundly intertwined in the Restoration. In order to try to understand the significance of this intersection, the book turns, as does Smith, to the theater for insight. Restoration theater has been underestimated, partly because the two worlds of Amber and Bruce Carlton have been often read in different contexts and in different kinds of critical projects. While certainly theater audience members of the Restoration period would have had different expectations for comedy, tragedy, tragicomedy, and heroic drama, they nevertheless witnessed them in the same moment of imperial ambition, political turbulence, and cosmopolitan explorations. Restoration plays have sometimes been read as frivolous entertainment or nationalist propaganda, but the book characterizes them as more ambitious and more capacious, often too edgy or insufficiently nationalistic for subsequent contexts. It makes the case for key theater experiences that were produced with wit, daring, and insight as not expressing the last gasp of absolutist monarchy, but instead engaging some beginnings: of war capitalism, of the embrace of sophistication, of England's entrance into the slave trade in earnest, and of new possibilities for human passions redirected for this expanding world.


Massive ovarian edema (MOE) is a benign enlargement of the ovary caused by edema, which is believed to result from intermittent or partial torsion of the ovarian pedicle. We report a case of MOE in a pregnant patient.


Power in American aDd Gennan multi-c:bamber kps1atioa is dclermiDed either by an inter-iDstitutioaal or an inter:oa.l coa.Iitioa problem oe aU interliDked cbambers. Hence. the COll\Plexity oC multi-dwnber .~ems relia Oll differenl subglllDC$. differenl Iype$ oC decision ndes ud differeot typa of actors. Sincc coUective lCIon aucb IS padilmeots or parliameolary cbamben may 001 aet IS uniLary aetora. we uamioe the power distribution in botb types of multi-chamber Iegislalion by a game-tbeoretical method with regard 10 institutional seltings ud apecitic legislative schemes. We argue that the Sbapley index is tbe most appropriate method for the comparati~eanalysis of multi-ebamber power. Our 'parallel' researeb strateg)' ia, tbua, based Oll iDdividuaJ and rorponte Shaple)' power shares which ue subKquently added. to ro1Iective chamber power. Our romparison of American and German leg:islation starta with an analysis of two<hamber parliamentary bargaining. Wberus Ibis applJcatiOD oorrespoads 10 Ibe bi<:ameral.j)lIliammlary deeisioa stage of CODCiliatioo and amendiDg. our secood applJcatioo oe PoIicy Leadenbip studies tbe ebeas·aDd-ba.lalM:.eI; of all exocutive aod legUlative dwnber acI0n.. A lhird applica.tioio is re1ated to tbe aituatioo of wrified and dMded covernmeot. aod b~ ... examine tbe powa dfects of imtitutXmal aettiop and party-<Jrieo.ted 'alia!epa in both typea 01 multicbamber lePlation. 10 GefDWl)', UDified~1l1 udllodes oppoIilioo aeton. wberea$ Alnerica.Jl uai6ed aoddividoil,~t rden to tbe preaident', wie iD multi-dwnbef kP1atioo. ..~_ '


Optimum percent quanties of selected alkaline earth chlorides used for imparting flame-retardancy to cotton fabric have been chosen from one of the author's ACS-presented articles. Based on the afore mentioned data and gathering information concerning their physicochemical specifications from scientific literature the related graphical representations were obtained. The results illustrate a reasonable dependence in lowering the ability of the alkaline earth chlorides on their higher stabilities that is, the optimum percent of the applied chlorides decreased according to the metals position in the periodic table. Therefore a better understanding has been achieved and deduced.


In the first column we are giving the Massoretic text 2), and in the second the variants of DSI II. An asteric before the words signs that DSI I has the same or a similar reading. From the common variants we have to learn, that both versions represent a special group of Bible MSS from textual point of view, inspite of the differences in the ortography, and are belonging to the same period. In the third column we are remarking parallels from the old translations of the Bible 3), the bab. Talmud 4) and other Hebrew MSS 5). Naturally these parallels are not complete. However if we intend to fix the text and to value the real importance of such variants, we have to take into consideration the parallels too. In the light of them we shall not read with KAHLE 6) "'l7 (= :171 lix 4); n3zrn (= nrKn lx 4) instead of 1n=7 and mrwn = HR3m3n. The ortography of this MS. is generally the same as that of the Massoretic text, nevertheless we can see that the copyist uses special methods. He omits often the Wdw and the Ydd alsoin words where they are belonging to the root 7).