In terms of the Fourier-Haar coefficients, a criterion is obtained for the function $f (x_1,x_2)$ to belong to the net space $N_{\bar{p},\bar{q}}(M)$ and to the Lebesgue space $L_{\bar{p}}[0,1]^2$ with mixed metric, where $1<\bar{p}<\infty$, $0<\bar{q}\leq\infty$, $\bar{p}=(p_1,p_2)$, $\bar{q}=(q_1,q_2)$, $M$ is the set of all rectangles in $\mathbb{R}^2$. We proved the Hardy-Littlewood theorem for multiple Fourier-Haar series.


Butene isomerization catalyzed by iridium supported on hydrated alumina has been studied at 100°C. Molecular hydrogen is not required as a reactant. Overall relative rate constants for the three-component system have been determined using Wei and Prater theory. Isomerization occurs by an addition-abstraction mechanism, the intermediates being chemisorbed secondary butyl groups. When the availability of surface hydrogen atoms is low, butene desorption is rate-controlling, and products are formed in equilibrium proportions. Under conditions of relatively high hydrogen atom availability, desorption is not rate-controlling, and but-1-ene isomerizes to give but-2-ene predominantly (∼70 %) in the cis-configuration. This selectivity for cis-isomer formation may result from the operation of a particularly restrictive geometric factor.


Ceramic thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), attributed to their inherent brittle nature, are highly susceptible to damage by impacting foreign particles when the impacting kinetic energy exceeds certain limits. The damage is termed foreign object damage (FOD) in related turbine components and results in various issues/problems to coatings as well as to substrates from delamination to spallation to cracking to catastrophic failure depending on the severity of impact. The FOD testing was performed using a ballistic impact gun for turbine airfoil components coated with 7% yittria stabilized zirconia (7YSZ) by electron beam physical vapor deposit (EB-PVD). A range of impact velocities up to Mach 1 was applied with three different projectile materials of steel, silicon nitride, and glass balls. The damage was assessed and characterized in terms of impact velocity, projectile material, and remaining life of turbine components. An energy-balance approach was made to develop a model to predict delamination of the TBCs upon impact.© 2013 ASME


p { margin-bottom: 0.08in; } This article explores the representation of women in imagery through a juxtaposition of Japanese exploitation films (such as Suzuki Seijun's 1964 Nikutai no Mon) with modern day 'ladies comics.' Both mediums share similar imagery and stylistic concepts but have a markedly different target audience/consumer base; most (s)exploitation films were/are made with a male audience in mind, while ladies comics are, as the name suggests, manufactured solely for a female audience. In particular, I am interested in the use of masochistic constructs and the ways in which the use of this imagery differ when the target audience is male as opposed to female.


The electrical circuit equivalents of magnetic device structures such as transformer require an exact knowledge of its parameters. Efficient parameter estimation technique is essential to obtain the equivalent circuit parameters of transformer because the parameters are used to manipulate parasitic elements and to obtain the enhanced circuit performance. In this paper, Bacterial Foraging Algorithm (BFA) has been applied to estimate the equivalent circuit parameters of single phase core type transformer. The information of open Circuit (OC) and Short Circuit (SC) tests has been utilized in BFA algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed approach has been tested with a sample transformer and the simulation results are compared against the conventional method. The numerical results show that the proposed approach outperforms the conventional method in the aspects of solution quality.


In this essay we map and evaluate obstacles and problems that can occur during the establishment of international companies in Russia. This is done by investigating Swedish companies, which are est ...


Albinism is defined as the complete absence of pigment in skin, hair, and eyes directly caused by a hereditary disorder in the production of melanin. This genetic abnormality is usually attributed to environmental factors such as low quality of habitat and inbreeding. In this note, we recorded a case of partial albinism in a raccoon (Procyon lotor) captured by poachers in the area known as Barranca de Matlacobatl, Municipality of Teocelo, Veracruz, Mexico. The specimen was recovered by the civil association Pro-Vida Silvestre Teocelotl and sheltered for a week under medical care. This is the second record in Mexico of a wild albino raccoon. Specifically, it was recorded particularly for a neotropical region of the center of the state of Veracruz, Mexico.


This article examines the trajectory of Amalia de Castillo Ledon during the presidencies of Emilio Portes Gil and Lazaro Cardenas, presenting the first analysis of how the government posts she held -with ever greater responsibility- inside the country, together with the diplomatic assignments she fulfilled from 1929 to 1939, won her a position in Mexico's post-revolutionary elite that she succeeded in conserving throughout her lifetime. The experiences acquired, and lessons learned, in the Direction of Popular Recreation, the Department of the Federal District, Luis Castillo Ledon's government in Nayarit, and as a diplomatic representative to the Pan-American Round Table in San Antonio, Texas, and the Inter-American Commission on Women, nourished and shaped the "state feminism" that would define Castillo Ledon's trajectory, which resulted in her becoming the woman with the greatest political power in the mid-20 th century. Analysis is based on previously unexplored documents from the Archivo Historico de la Secretaria de Relaciones Exteriores .


Schwertmannite is a metastable mineral playing a crucial role in the immobilization of metal(oid)s in acid mine drainage (AMD) systems. High temperatures associated with wildfires could lead to a sudden schwertmannite transformation, changing the mobility of metal(oid)s. The objective of the present study was to examine the thermal transformation from schwertmannite to hematite, and the subsequent effect on the chromium partitioning. The immobilization of arsenate after thermal transformation and its implications on chromium mobility was also evaluated. Natural schwertmannite, with increasing contents of chromium, was thermally treated between 200 to 800 °C. Transformation products were characterized by solid-phase techniques and selective chemical extractions. Results indicated a transformation to hematite at temperatures above 400 °C. The presence of chromium barely affected the temperature at which the transformation occurred, although partitioning of chromium in the mineral changed with temperature. As the temperature increased from 25 °C to 400 °C, chromium was less mobile and less outcompeted by arsenic adsorption, suggesting a larger contribution of inner-sphere complexes with increasing temperature. At temperatures above 600 °C, non-mobile forms strongly associated with neo-formed hematite were found. Finally, neo-formation of hematite led to a decrease in arsenic adsorption, implying a potentially enhanced arsenic mobility in AMD systems upon wildfires.


A photoacoustic 3D imaging system for animal experiments was made. This system is special because it has a hemispherical detector array. To test its performance, we used a chart from the field of optics as a sample. We checked the whole imaging range using the ISO 12233 chart, which is used to test digital camera images. We found that there was no distortion in the xy-plane and the system had high resolution. We also tested it using a high image quality mode with a different scanning sequence. In this study, live albino mice with white hairs were anesthetized and photographed. Using hair removal cream, we were able to visualize the vascular network throughout their bodies, including blood vessels in organs such as the liver and kidneys. The smallest vessels we were able to visualize were less than 0.1 mm in diameter. We used photoacoustic (PA) images to relatively estimate the oxygen saturation of the mice's blood at two different wavelengths, which we refer to as the S-factor. By analyzing the PA images, we were able to estimate the arterial and venous systems of the whole body, as well as the difference in S-factor between the two systems within the liver. When the mice were euthanized and examined post-mortem, we observed that the S-factor of the whole body decreased and the difference in S-factor between the two systems within the liver was lost.


Highly c-axis oriented ZnO film was successfully deposited on the nucleation side of free-standing diamond film by RF reactive magnetron sputtering. I-V characteristics of ZnO film photodetector fabricated on diamond substrate were studied under ultraviolet light illumination and a significant photoresponsivity was observed. The dark-current and the photocurrent of the ZnO photodetector operated at 10V are 8.2 nA and 134.8 nA, respectively


To explore into the relationship between lingual margins and internal organs and to determine the clinical significance of the theory that pathologies of different internal organs can be manifested on different parts of lingual surface so as to promote the standardization of TCM diagnoses.Methods: Seven thousand six hundred and eighty cases recorded by contemporary famous doctors and 1018 other clinical cases were collected.In all of these cases,anomalies of lingual margins were related to syndrome elements of internal organs.The frequency of every kind of anomaly was calculated and x2 test was used to compare the rates of anomaly among the syndrome elements of internal organs.Results: The rate of lingual margin anomaly for syndrome elements of the liver and gallbladder was relatively high;among all cases of lingual margin anomalies,liver pathology was most frequently involved.Conclusion: There is a close relationship between lingual margins and the liver and gallbladder,and the theory that the lingual margin is the indicator of the liver and gallbladder is to some extent clinically significant.


Background: Globally rate of early initiation (within the first hour) of breast-feeding was below 40%, in developing counties 39% and in Africa 47%. Breast-feeding within the first hour of life was a potential mechanism for health promotion for neonate. From a public health perspective, it was important that newborns be breastfed at birth and It was internationally recommended that timely initiation and promotion of exclusive breast-feeding as the optimal method of infant feeding for the first six months of life.

Objective: It was assessed Predictors of timely initiation of breast feeding among rural woman in Dawuro Zone.

Methods: A community-based case study design with both quantitative and qualitative method was conducted in Dawuro Zone, Southern Ethiopia from January up to August 2018. Sample size was 598 rural women, and which was calculated using single population proportion formula. Interviewer administered structured questionnaire for quantitative and four FGDS for qualitative study were used to collect data. Frequency table and cross tabulation was done. AOR and OR with 95% CI were considered for statistical significance. Bivariate analysis was used to determine presence of crude association. Multivariate logistic regression model was employed to control confounding.

Results: More than sixty percent of the women were not initiated breastfeeding within the first one hour after delivery. Early initiation of breastfeeding was associated with many material and neonatal factor in addition to belief of a community.

Conclusion: In order to advance the rates of breastfeeding within the first hour of life, health care professionals must encourage the factors favouring TIBF practice such as ANC guidance regarding the advantages of breastfeeding, health education for women during family planning period and giving care up to full term birth, counselling on rue of delivery, and stimulate this practice in vulnerable situations such as women with cesarean section and preterm birth. In other hand the health development army must promote the importance of timely initiation of breastfeeding for neonate growth and developments at each one to five network.

Recommendation: Ministry of health should strength health promotion program on breast feeding for rural women. Regional health bureau should give training for health developmental army in rural set up to enhance promotion of breast-feeding at community level.


This paper presents a summary of the design and testing of the containment vessel closure for the Bulk Tritium Shipping Package (BTSP). This package is a replacement for a package that has been used to ship tritium in a variety of content configurations and forms since the early 1970s. The containment vessel closure incorporates features specifically designed for the containment of tritium when subjected to the normal and hypothetical conditions required of Type B radioactive material shipping Packages. The paper discusses functional performance of the containment vessel closure of the BTSP prototype packages and separate testing that evaluated the performance of the metallic C-Rings used in a mock BTSP closure.


This is the story of Nell embracing her life in the weeks prior to her death and the author's part in witnessing and assisting her safe passage. She died peacefully as she had wished and prepared for these many months. The idea of mortal time engaged her and opened up a new period of discovery at the end. The constant presence of her spouse Al as well as her beloved cat Amber was a comfort on the journey. Walking with Nell was an invitation for me to cultivate self-knowledge by not only witnessing her narrative but also living in it with her. Suffering, sadness, and grief were all part of the journey as well as the gestures of kindness and appreciation to me, including naming me her bodhisattva, her guide on the road to eternity. Music and poetry helped ease the way. It was fitting to end our work together by giving the eulogy in the church she attended. The work of seeing Nell and being with her is complete. The heart-work continues, fueled by the images of Nell in mortal time.


An epizooty occurred among the net-cage cultured yellowtail(Seriola quinqueradiata) in Shanwei,Guangdong province,in 2007.The main symptom of diseased fish was the appearance of many gray nodules in the spleen and kidney.A Gram-negative,rod shaped bacterium(designated strain SWZX5) was isolated from the spleen of diseased fish.Artificial infection proved that the isolate was virulent to swordtail(Xiphophorus helleri) with the LD50 being calculated as 5.8 ×105 CFU/g.A phylogenetic tree was constructed by comparing the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolate with other relative bacteria species in the RDP and GenBank databases.In the phylogenetic tree,the isolates and some Photobacterium damselae subsp.piscicida strains converge and constitute a branch,which confirms the identication of the isolate as P.damselae subsp.piscicida.According to the morphological,physiological,biochemical characteristics and 16S rRNA gene analysis,the isolate was identified as Ph.damselae subsp.piscicida.The minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations(MBC)of 15 kinds of Chinese herbal medicines extracted by decoction by boiled water to the isolates were determined.It was found that there were best bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect of Galla Chinensis,followed by Rhizoma Coptidis and Pericarpium Granati.The MIC and MBC were found to be 0.05 mg/mL for Galla Chinensis,0.2 0mg/ mL and 0.40 mg /mL for Rhizoma Coptidis,0.20 mg /mL and 0.40 mg/mL for Pericarpium Granati.Antibiotic sensitivity test of 20 kinds of chemical antimicrobial drugs showed the isolate was sensitive to 16 kinds of antibiotics including Aztreonam(30 μg),Enrofloxacine(5 μg),Cefuroxime Sodium(30 μg),Levofloxacin(5 μg).


Background Recent evidence is consistent with the view that volatile anesthetics interact directly with excitable membrane-bound channel proteins. If these agents interact directly with chiral centers in the neuronal cell membrane, then their effects should be stereoselective. Using rat brain membranes enriched in gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA sub A) receptors, we investigated the hypothesis that the permeability response of this well-characterized central nervous system channel protein to stereoisomers of isoflurane is stereoselective.


When remote objects are detected by use of SAL, weak echo signal is easy to be interfered by noises. To obtain high receiving performance, the amplifier and signal processing system should be carefully designed. In this paper, the circuit consisting of the microwave filter, the pre-amplifier and the main amplier is designed under the condition of photodiode impedance matching. The major noises of PIN photo diode are analyzed and a low noise pre-amplifier circuit is designed,which can improve the signal to noise ratio ( SNR ) effectively. The noises are filtered by a microwave filter. The circuit self-excited owing to high frequency operating is also taken into account. Some measures that the device is reasonably selected and the circuit is legitimately designed are implemented. The anti-interference of the circuit and the ability of restraining self-excited are improved by shielding box etc. Experimental results indicate that the receiving circuit has small volume and high reliability with high performance.


Malaysia is awaiting the coming new general election scheduled to be held by the latest in April 2013. For Malaysians and foreign observers, for the first time we can see an interesting contestation in strength between the ruling Barisan Nasional headed by the Prime Minister Najib Tun Razak and the opposition Pakatan Rakyat led by the charismatic Anwar Ibrahim. Both leaders, Najib and Anwar, have projected themselves as the leaders for the multiracial society in Malaysia. Therefore, this paper will try to analyse Najib's political marketing in projecting himself through the lenses of political marketing. By using the qualitative research of content analysis, library research and interview, this paper will later determining of how Najib promoting and projecting their images to the people. The finding of this paper is that both leaders especially Najib Razak have utilised all efforts and interesting strategies especially in the media to project their images as leaders for the people who are appealing to the multiracial society in Malaysia.


Objective To study the effect and cost of Wuzhi-capsule combination of tacrolimus in renal transplanted recipients.Methods Sixty-four cases with renal transplantation were randomly divided into the group with tacrolimus(control) and the group coadministered with tacrolimus and Wuzhi-capsule for 6 months.Blood levels of tacrolimus,biochemistry indexes for liver and renal function were determined.The effects and cost of tacrolimus in each group was also evaluated.Results Blood concentrations and the ratios of concentration/dose of tacrolimus in patients combined with Wuzhi-capsule at months 3 and 6 were significantly increased compared with those before taking Wuzhi-capsule(P0.01 or P0.05) and also had significant increases compared with control group(P0.01 or P0.05).No significant effects on liver or renal function were observed when combined with Wuzhi-capsule and tacrolimus.When coadministration of tacrolimus and Wuzhi-capsule,the cost of tacrolimus saved 40% to 60%(approximately 14,000 to 25,000 Chinese yuan) for each patient annually.Conclusion Wuzhi-capsule could markedly elevate the blood concentration of tacrolimus in renal transplanted recipients.Wuzhi-capsule combined with tacrolimus can significantly decrease the dosage of tacrolimus and greatly save the cost of tacrolimus rolimus.


In this paper we focus on model tting techniques in both the time and frequency domain for analysis of biomedical magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) signals. We examine the possibility to obtain accurate estimates of the parameters of selected peaks in the presence of unknown or uninteresting spectral features. We denote this by frequency-selective parameter estimation. A number of existing approaches are revisited and a new time-domain technique based on minimum-phase nite impulse response (FIR) lters is presented. The proposed method is compared to the application of a weighting function in the time domain, to frequency domain tting using a polynomial baseline and to the time-domain HSVD lter method. The HSVD lter method and the FIR method clearly outperform the other methods. The ease of use and low computational complexity of the FIR lter method make this an attractive approach for frequency-selective parameter estimation. The results are illustrated using relevant 13C and 31P MRS examples.


(1965). The Effect of Motor Denervation on Muscle and Bone in the Rabbit's Hind Limb. Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica: Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 361-370.


Fourth generation networks result from the cooperation between different existing networks, thus taking benefit from their complementary properties. In this context, recent researches have addressed Digital Video Broadcast (DVB) networks, which benefit of very high broadcast capacities, but are unidirectionnal. Coupling a DVB network with a bidirectional network brings bidirectionality and service interactivity.

In this context, we focus on a DVB-SH (satellite services for hand-held devices) network, which is a hybrid (satellite/terrestrial) standard. We couple DVB-SH with a 3G cellular network, thus providing bidirectionality. DVB-SH benefits from a very high bandwidth capacity that allows unidirectional IP-TV channels broadcast.

A residual bandwidth in the DVB-SH path may still be available because of the variable bit rates of served flows.

In a previous study [1], we focused on this small residual bandwidth and its potential utilization. Our idea was to use this architecture in order to provide interactive low cost services over DVB networks. We specified an efficient switching of IP services, coming from 3G networks, to the residual bandwidth of DVB networks.

In this paper, we extend DVB residual bandwidth thanks to some DVB channels reserved by the 3G provider and study the impact of this extension on the type and the quality of targeted services. This paper particularly highlights the scheduling algorithm of the 3G flows switched over DVB residual bandwidth. It also presents a user subscription prediction algorithm that aims to guarantee efficient switching while maintaining service continuity.


SiP modules, integrates multi-function components in a package, are widely applied in consumer electronics and IoT, such as Wifi module, GPS module and RF module, etc. Dual side molding module is a more advanced device type, who integrate all the components on the both surfaces of the substrate to effectively reduce the module area. By process strip warpage control is one of the crucial matters for assembly in order to have good yield and high automatic manufacture efficiency. Finite element method is a powerful tool for strip warpage evaluation; however, dual side SiP module strip requires enormous elements to describe its details. A useful model simplification method was proposed in this study. The several layers substrate was simplified as a homogeneous material by numerical tensile and thermal expansion tests to obtain the substrate bulk material properties of modulus and thermal expansion coefficient. The simplified substrate not only helps for efficiency computing, but also can be a transition zone for the different component layout of top and bottom substrate surfaces successfully mesh in the simulation model. Birth and death method was used to investigate by process strip warpage, the evaluation results help to reduce the risk comes from strip warpage. According to the well validated simulation model, for process improvement, firstly SMT and molding top side has better performance for strip warpage; for EMC improvement, bottom side choose high shrinkage EMC or top side select low shrinkage EMC can well control strip warpage.


John R. P. French, Jr., was perhaps the most Lewinian of all of Lewin's students, as reflected in his career of basic and action research, institutional innovation and development, and stimulation and support of the work of colleagues and students. Like Lewin, he delighted in theoretical development, but also in its application to social problems; he was a psychologist and experimentalist, but also catholic in the substance and methods of his research; and he was both a forceful advocate and a supportive partner in collaborations with colleagues and students. These Lewinian qualities are evident in his analysis of the bases of social power and his development of theory, research, and a research program on the Social Environment and Health.


1. Properties of analogical modeling I begin this paper by outlining the main properties of analogical modeling (AM): $ AM is an exemplar or instance-based system of prediction; it is not a rule-based system nor a neural network. $ AM is a procedural system, not a declarative one; one cannot directly find its predictions within the system itself. Instead, predictions are always made in terms of a given context for which a prediction (or outcome) is sought. $ AM is not a nearest neighbor approach; it does include nearest neighbors in its predictions, but it also regularly uses non-neighbors to make predictions. However, such non-neighbors can be used only under a well-defined, explicit condition of homogeneity. $ No training stage occurs in AM, except in the trivial sense that one must collect exemplars in order to make predictions. There is no setting of parameters nor any prior determination of variable significance. The significance of any combination of variables is always determined in terms of the given context for which we seek a predicted outcome. Each prediction is done Aon the fly@. $ AM has a simple measure of uncertainty that is defined by the number of outcome disagreements between pairs of exemplars. $ AM uses a simple decision principle to determine homogeneity B namely, minimize the number of disagreements. No increase in uncertainty is permitted, which means that no analogical analysis will allow any loss of information. $ This definition of homogeneity results in two types of homogeneous spaces in an analogical analysis: (1) the subspace is deterministic in behavior, which means that there will be no disagreements at all within that contextual space and therefore no a priori limitation on the extent of a deterministic subspace; (2) the subspace is non-deterministic in behavior, which means that disagreement occurs within the contextual space, but is restricted to one subspace of the entire space.


The community structure and composition of soil microfungi in different tillage methods have been studied. The fungi recorded were mostly Deuteromycetes. 29 species were isolated from Conventional tillage 0~10 cm soil layer and Chrysosporium merdarium was the most dominant fungi, 17 species in Conventional tillage 10~20 cm soil and Sterile black species A fungus dominant, 10 species in Conventional tillage 20~30 cm soil and Chaetomium bostrychodes dominant; 16 species in Direct drilling 0~10 cm soil and Sterile black species A fungus was the dominant species, 26 species in Direct drilling 10~20 cm soil and sterile black species A fungus was the dominant species, 14 species in Direct drilling 20~30 cm soil and Chaetomium bostrychodes was the dominant species; 23 species in No-tillage 0~10 cm soil and Trichoderma viride and T. koningii were the dominant ones, 14 species in No-tillage 10~20 cm soil and Talaromyces trachyspermus was the dominant one, 9 species in No-tillage 20~30 cm soil and Talaromyces trachyspermus was the dominant one. The diversity was higher in No-tillage fungal community than that in other tillage treatments. Soil microfungal populations existed in No-tillage, Direct drilling, and Conventional tillage soils were characterized by different community compositions.


Genetic association plays a significant role to study the interrelationship and relative contribution of different characters towards crop improvement. Correlation analysis between yield and other yield components were carried out to identify the selection indices in BC2F1 generation of two crosses viz., CO 7 × GPBD 4 and CO 7 × COG 0437. From the upshot of correlation coefficient analysis, selection could be exercised on number of pods per plant, 100-pod weight, 100-kernel weight and shell weight for improving the pod yield and kernel yield per plant in groundnut. Hence, these characters may be considered as the important yield attributing characters and due emphasis should be placed while breeding for high pod and kernel yield per plant in groundnut. Selection based on these characters will help in improving the yield in groundnut. The association among plant height and sound mature kernel per cent with yield and other yield related traits varies with the population. Hence, these characters may also be considered as selection indices with caution. Since, no relationship was found between disease scores and yield attributes in both the backcross populations, selection needs to be made for both yield and disease scores.


In recent years, with the rapid development of artificial intelligence, image to text to audio has gradually attracted the attention of many researchers in the field of artificial intelligence has become an interesting and onerous task. Picture generates natural language descriptions automatically according to the context observed in an image, it's is an important part of scene understanding, which combines the knowledge of computer vision and NLP. Application of a photo is extensive and significant, for example, the realization of human-computer interaction. Our base paper summarizes the related methodology and focuses on the attention mechanism which plays an important role in computer vision and is recently widely used in Machine learning tasks. Furthermore, the benefits and the shortcomings of these methods are discussed, providing the commonly used datasets and evaluation criteria in this field.


The sine-Gordon field theory emerges as the low-energy description in a wealth of quantum many-body systems. Recent efforts have been directed towards realizing quantum simulators of the model, by interfering two weakly coupled one-dimensional cold atomic gases. The weak interactions within the atomic clouds provide a sine-Gordon realization in the semiclassical regime. Furthermore, the complex microscopic dynamics prevents a quantitative understanding of the effective sine-Gordon validity realm. In this work, we focus on a spin ladder realization and observe the emergent sine-Gordon dynamics deep in the quantum regime. We use matrix-product state techniques to numerically characterize the low-energy sector of the system and compare it with the exact field theory predictions. From this comparison, we obtain quantitative boundaries for the validity of the sine-Gordon description. We provide encompassing evidence for the emergent field theory by probing its rich spectrum and by observing the signatures of integrable dynamics in scattering events.


This chapter presents victims as part of a typology of primary characters including heroes, villains, victims and minions. The same attributes that make heroes appear strong also make victims—who lack them—appear weak: a soft or feeble physique, small size, a lack of experience, intelligence, wisdom, wealth, offices, or special skills. Victims cannot protect themselves or maneuver in the political realm or other strategic arenas. They must be good, and are therefore also innocent. Victims can arouse pity, horror, and indignation in audiences. But those very emotions can make them seem something less than human. Victimhood creates a gap between viewer and viewed, objectifying the victim and freezing her outside the possibility of will or reasoned action. They lack agency. Victimhood is thus a risky self-presentation, as with victims of rape or abuse who are sometimes criticized for not having done enough to save themselves.


The understanding of hydrological processes requires the investigation of preferential flows. In particular, the infiltration compartment is strongly affected by preferential flows. Recently, Lassabatere et al. (2014) proposed a model for the analytical modelling of the infiltration impacted by preferential flow. These authors extended the model developed by Haverkamp et al. (1994) for single permeability soils to the case of dual permeability soils. However, this model remains implicit, requiring an inversion procedure for the quantification of the bulk cumulative infiltration. Such an implicit feature prevents from direct computation and may annoy any fellow who wants a direct and simple computation procedure. In this paper, we develop two approximate expansions for both transient and steady states. For that, we use the expansions proposed by Haverkamp et al. (1994) for single permeability systems. These expansions are written for each compartment of the dual permeability soils, i.e. the matrix and the fast-flow regions and are combined for the computation of the bulk infiltration. After formulation of these expansions, these are assessed in terms of their capability to accurately reproduce the complete implicit model. Their validity time intervals are also determined and discussed. The main limitation for the use of these expansions results from the fact that the time intervals that define the transient and steady states are contrasted between the matrix and the fast-flow regions. However, some domain of validity can be defined allowing the use of these approximate expansions.

Haverkamp, R., Ross, P. J., Smettem, K. R. J. and Parlange, J. Y.: 3-Dimensional analysis of infiltration from the disc infiltrometer .2. Physically-based infiltration equation, Water Resour. Res., 30(11), 2931–2935, 1994.

Lassabatere, L., Angulo-Jaramillo, R., Soria-Ugalde, J. M., Simunek, J. and Haverkamp, R.: Numerical evaluation of a set of analytical infiltration equations, Water Resour. Res., 45, W12415, doi:doi:10.1029/2009WR007941, 2009.


l . Introduction Current commercially available wurtzite nitride based visible optoelectronic devi~sD grown along the polar [oool] c-direction are characterized by the presen~ of polarization-related electric fields inside the multiplequantun wells (MQWs) . These electric fields, caused by discontinuities in both spontaneous and piezoelectric p olalization at the heterointerfa~s, Iead to the quantunl eonfined Stark effect (QCSE) and redu~ the radiative recombination rate within the quantum wells~-5) . To reduce these polarization effects, growih of devices on the (¥ nonpolar planes such as the ~l I OO ) m-plane or the ( ~ ~l 1 2 O/ a-plane has been demonstrated6)~,). Another approach to re du~ and p ossibly eliminate the polarization-related elechic fields is to grow devices on crystal planes that are inchned with respect to the cdirechon i e semipolar lanes Different semipolar , ・・, P planes, including(10TT), tloT~), (11~2) and others, can be used for growing devi~s [8-10]. These planes have re duced polarization discontinuity in heterostructures compered to c-plane material, and specifically for semipolar planes oriented -45' from the c-plane, there is no polarization discontinuity for In*Gal*N/GaN heterostructures5). Several experimental results from various group s which describe the fabrication of nonpolar and semipolar QWs and LEDS on foreign substrates have shown a sigruficant reduction of p olarization effects6)~13) However, the output power from those LEDS was relatively low due to the presen~ of high dislocation densities and basal plane stacking faults (SFs) .


Background The influenza A(H1N1)2009 virus has been the dominant type of influenza A virus in Finland during the 2009–2010 and 2010–2011 epidemic seasons. We analyzed the antigenic characteristics of several influenza A(H1N1)2009 viruses isolated during the two influenza seasons by analyzing the amino acid sequences of the hemagglutinin (HA), modeling the amino acid changes in the HA structure and measuring antibody responses induced by natural infection or influenza vaccination. Methods/Results Based on the HA sequences of influenza A(H1N1)2009 viruses we selected 13 different strains for antigenic characterization. The analysis included the vaccine virus, A/California/07/2009 and multiple California-like isolates from 2009–2010 and 2010–2011 epidemic seasons. These viruses had two to five amino acid changes in their HA1 molecule. The mutation(s) were located in antigenic sites Sa, Ca1, Ca2 and Cb region. Analysis of the antibody levels by hemagglutination inhibition test (HI) indicated that vaccinated individuals and people who had experienced a natural influenza A(H1N1)2009 virus infection showed good immune responses against the vaccine virus and most of the wild-type viruses. However, one to two amino acid changes in the antigenic site Sa dramatically affected the ability of antibodies to recognize these viruses. In contrast, the tested viruses were indistinguishable in regard to antibody recognition by the sera from elderly individuals who had been exposed to the Spanish influenza or its descendant viruses during the early 20th century. Conclusions According to our results, one to two amino acid changes (N125D and/or N156K) in the major antigenic sites of the hemagglutinin of influenza A(H1N1)2009 virus may lead to significant reduction in the ability of patient and vaccine sera to recognize A(H1N1)2009 viruses.


Based on the experiences of fruit tree pruning over 10 years,the author summarized and explored a set of theory of pruning at a deeper level which used the method of increasing resistance and decreasing current of apple trees to achieve early fruiting,high and stable yield.In the theory the following three main arguments were addressed innovatively and proved qualitatively with the circuit principle in physics:1.Thinning any branch above rhizome would increase the resistance of tree,on the contrary,short cutting would decrease it;2.Thinning a large branch in basal part with low resistance would have a larger increase amplitude of tree resistance than a small branch with high resistance in the same shoot;3.The pruning method of increasing resistance and decreasing current of apple trees could make it early fruiting,high and stable yield.The theory was successfully applied in the experimental orchard,and it would write a new chapter in deepening the fruit tree pruning theory of our country.


Objectives: At present, the theoretical study on supervisors' remuneration under the Company Law is still too principled, and many "chaos" occur in the remuneration practices for supervisors. First, the lack of clear understanding of the incentive function
 and institutional specificities of supervisors' remuneration results in many problems in the application of supervisors' remuneration in practice, as well as the ignoration of the Board of Supervisors in corporation governance. Second, rather than reaching the intended effect, the legislative
 approach of authorized "blank" intentionally adopted under the Company Law leaves an inducement for the ineffective supervision of supervisors in practice. Third, there is not only a lack of theoretically self-consistent discussion on the special problems of concurrent supervisors
 and employee supervisors' remuneration, but also a divorce of the institutional structure and application from good expectations. If the research background of the problem is placed in "tobacco regulatory science", it will be found that there is no inevitable connection between supervisors'
 compliance expectations and remuneration, but mainly depends on the provisions of legislation. Going back and forth between theory and practice of supervisors' remuneration, this paper combs and interprets the issue of supervisors' remuneration from the perspective of the legislative provisions
 and theoretical study under the Company Law, and analyzes the difference between the reality and the necessity of the Company Law with respect to the issue of supervisors' remuneration in the light of the legal principle of the Company Law, with the view to improvement
 of the rules of the Company Law.


E merging market economies have become more financially integrated with the rest of the world, allowing greater access to capital but also exposing them to financial shocks. With this increased integration, have institutional and legal frameworks improved accordingly, helping these economies to be more resilient in the face of a more volatile external environment? This chapter focuses on the interrelatedness of corporate governance, investor protection, and financial stability across emerging market economies. Corporate governance and investor protection encompass rules and practices at both the country and firm level and deal with ways in which suppliers of financing to corporations ensure that they get a return on their investment. Past financial crises across major emerging market economies underscored how corporate governance deficiencies can contribute to financial instability. The chapter finds that corporate governance and investor protection have generally improved in emerging market economies over the past two decades. The progress is apparent in both firmand country-level indicators. Even so, there are important differences across emerging market economies, and there is room for further improvement. The analysis supports the notion that stronger corporate governance and investor protection frameworks enhance the resilience of emerging market economies to global financial shocks. The chapter develops new firm-level indices of governance in emerging market economies and employs novel empirical approaches. The results show that corporate governance improvements foster deeper and more liquid capital markets, allowing them to absorb shocks better. Corporate governance improvements also enhance stock market efficiency, thereby making equity prices less sensitive to external shocks and less prone to crashes. For example, moving from the lower to the upper end of the countryand firm-level governance indices reduces the impact of global shocks by up to 50 percent for emerging market firms, on average. Emerging market economies with better corporate governance and investor protections generally have stronger corporate balance sheets. In particular, better-governed firms typically display lower shortterm debt ratios and default probabilities and are able to borrow at longer maturities. This reduces their vulnerability to dry-ups in funding, enhancing financial stability. The financial stability benefits associated with improved corporate governance strengthen the case for further reform. Although there is no single model, good corporate governance frameworks have some common characteristics. Accordingly, this chapter makes the following policy recommendations: • All emerging market economies should continue to reform their legal, regulatory, and institutional frameworks to foster the effectiveness and enforceability of corporate governance regimes. • Most emerging market economies should continue to bolster the rights of outside investors, in particular minority shareholders. • Bringing disclosure requirements fully in line with international best practice is needed in many emerging market economies. Promoting greater board independence is also likely to yield benefits. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, INVESTOR PROTECTION, AND FINANCIAL STABILITY IN EMERGING MARKETS 3 CHAPER


Models of software components at different levels of abstraction, component interfaces, contracts, implementations and publications are important for component-based design. Refinement relations among models at the same level and between different levels are essential for model-driven development of components. Classical refinement theories mainly focus on verification and put little attention on design. Therefore, most of them are not suitable for component-based model-driven development (CB-MDD). To address this issue, in this paper, we propose two refinement relations for CB-MDD, that is a trace-based refinement and a state-based refinement. Both are discussed in the framework of rCOS, which is a formal model of component and object systems. These refinement relations provide different granularity of abstraction and can capture the intuition that a refined component provides "more" and "better" services to the environment. We also show how to extend these refinement relations to allow us to compare contracts, components and publications with different interfaces by exploiting the primitive operator internalizing over contracts, components and publications.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an instrument for measuring a mold clamping force, capable of measuring the mold clamping force without using a sensor attached directly to a portion with an accumulated strain in a mold clamping device. SOLUTION: This instrument for measuring the mold clamping force of the mold clamping device having a motor for driving a mold clamping mechanism includes: means SA6 to SA11 for obtaining energy U M generated by the motor until a retainer plate position reaches a mold clamping position after reaching a molding die touch position, in a mold closing process of the mold clamping mechanism; and a mold clamping force calculating means SA13 for calculating a calculated mold clamping force F C , from the energy U M obtained by the means and an elastic constant K of the mold clamping mechanism, where the energy U M is calculated based on a motor driving current and a rotation angle of the motor. COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT


Curable compositions have high sensitivity and excellent developability, and further have good storage properties as required. The compositions include a hydroxythiol compound represented by Formula (1) below and a compound with an ethylenically unsaturated double bond:
wherein R 1 and R 2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a C1-10 alkyl group or an aromatic ring; X is an aliphatic group, an aromatic ring-containing group or a heterocyclic ring-containing group; Y is an ester bond; k and 1 are each an integer ranging from 1 to 20; m is an integer of 0, 1 or 2; and n is 0 or 1.


Significance Inhibitory Smads (I-Smads) play important roles to negatively regulate TGF-β/BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) signaling, thus controlling numerous cellular and developmental processes. Recent studies have suggested that Smad7, a member of I-Smads, is overexpressed in numerous cancer types and its abundance is positively correlated to the malignancy. However, the molecular mechanism underlying action of I-Smads in cells remains poorly understood. Here we show that the Drosophila I-Smad, Dad, accesses the membrane via palmitoylation to target the BMP type I receptor for ubiquitination. Importantly, we show that the palmitoyltransferase dHIP14 catalyzes Dad palmitoylation and antagonizes BMP/Dpp signaling. Our findings uncover a mechanism by which I-Smad controls TGF-β/BMP signaling. TGF-β/BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) signaling pathways play conserved roles in controlling embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, and stem cell regulation. Inhibitory Smads (I-Smads) have been shown to negatively regulate TGF-β/BMP signaling by primarily targeting the type I receptors for ubiquitination and turnover. However, little is known about how I-Smads access the membrane to execute their functions. Here we show that Dad, the Drosophila I-Smad, associates with the cellular membrane via palmitoylation, thereby targeting the BMP type I receptor for ubiquitination. By performing systematic biochemistry assays, we characterized the specific cysteine (Cys556) essential for Dad palmitoylation and membrane association. Moreover, we demonstrate that dHIP14, a Drosophila palmitoyl acyl-transferase, catalyzes Dad palmitoylation, thereby inhibiting efficient BMP signaling. Thus, our findings uncover a modification of the inhibitory Smads that controls TGF-β/BMP signaling activity.


Isolation of Bacillus sp. the potential for probiotics in the digestive tract of Silver Pompano has never been carried out. Therefore it is necessary to research the isolation and selection of Bacillus sp. potential probiotics in the digestive tract of Silver Pompano to increase growth and feed efficiency. Bacteria were isolated from the digestive tract of Silver Pompano to ensure that the isolates obtained were from Bacillus sp. then gram staining and spore staining were performed on the isolates obtained. After that, a Proteolytic, Lipolytic, Amylolytic Activity test was carried out, then a Resistance Test to Stomach Acid and Bile Salts, as well as a bacterial growth test for 24 hours. There are six isolates of Bacillus sp., which have the potential for probiotics in Silver Pompano's digestive tract, which has the ability of proteolytic, lipolytic, and amylolytic enzyme activity and is resistant to acid and alkaline conditions.


Objective To strengthen nursing staff s' knowledge of influenza A ( H1N1 ) and improve the capability of protection. Methods According to different tasks undertaken, 850 nursing staff were divided into 3 levels : echelon personnel, clinical nursing staff and peripheral related personnel. The goal for each level including recognition, skills and attitudes were adopted by teaching target method, such as the collective lecture, discussion, operation et al. Results Total participation rate was100%, excellence rate was 91.5%. The excellent rate of theory and practice among the first level of personnel was100% , while that among the second level of personnel was 88.1%. Conclusions Hierarchical training for nurses can enhance nursing staff to prevention influenza pandemic H1N1 in short-term.

Key words:
Influenza A(H1N1) ;  Nurses;  Inservice training


Irrigated agriculture has been an extremely important source of food production over recent decades. Food requirements will increase in future, while global water resources are limited. Therefore, making the best use of water for agriculture and improving irrigation efficiency are prerequisites for the future. Shifting from surface irrigation to pressurized irrigation will contribute substantially to these goals. The objective of this handbook is to provide a practical guide for irrigation and agriculture technicians and extension workers in the field. The ring binder format of the handbook will permit future update of individual chapters, which may become necessary with the rapid changing pressurized irrigation technology.


The performance of engineers is closely related to their motivation. Some techniques of administration that encourage individual engineers to identify themselves with their jobs and to feel a responsibility for accomplishing the objectives of management will be discussed.


This paper elucidates the outcome of machining factors such as cutting velocity, feed rate and depth of cut on the mean cutting force and the cutting power on turning cylindrical AISI52100 steel alloy components. The experiments are designed based on the Taguchi's L25(53) orthogonal array and conducted on an All Geared Lathe in dry machining condition, simultaneously cutting forces such as feed force, tangential force and thrust force are observed with a calibrated lathe tool dynamometer adapted in the tool holder. A mathematical expression representing mean cutting force and cutting power is developed using non-linear regression analysis. The most favorable parametric circumstances of turning operation have been tested with the confirmation trial. The outcome of each machining factors on the mean cutting force and the cutting power is studied and presented accordingly.


The preferred modality for the identification of skin disease has predominantly been dermoscopy. Skin lesion identification is the primary diagnostic basis for the dermatologist to evaluate the severity and impact of the disease. Current diagnostic procedures for the identification of skin lesions may be subjected to misdiagnosis among observers. Also, these procedures are conventionally labour‐intensive and prone to delays in treatment. Deep learning has proven to be beneficial for automated computer‐aided diagnosis in the medical field. This research presents a two‐stage approach involving segmentation and classification architectures for the effective detection of skin disease. The proposed approach aims to combine the architectural benefits of residual learning with the contextual retention of atrous convolutions. The classification is performed on seven different classes of skin lesions namely, melanoma (MEL), melanocytic nevus (NV), basal cell carcinoma (BCC), actinic keratosis/Bowen's disease (AKIEC), benign keratosis (BKL), dermatofibroma (DF), and vascular lesion (VASC). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first research that reports the impact of a two‐staged detection network using atrous residual convolutions for these seven classes. Experimental observations indicate that the proposed model is characteristically balanced in terms of inter‐class performance, with precise segmentation. The proposed network was trained with the HAM10000 dataset and reported a classification accuracy and precision of 89.27% and 89.06%, respectively.


Spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of titanium(III). The linear calibration curve was obtained with 2-10 �g/ml titanium. The titanium was determined in pharmaceutical preparation with coefficient of variation 3.0%. The concentration of titanium was calculated from the standard calibration curve and was found 111.25 µg/ml with coefficient of variation 3.0%. The obtained results agreed with the results obtained from hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) method.


A data processing algorithm was proposed to improve the GPS single point positioning accuracy.Full details were provided on how to use time series analysis in the modeling of the first order differential series for the GPS error.The AR(n) model which is adopted to describe the first order differential series for the GPS error was derived from the observed data,and model parameter values were obtained using the least square method;one step prediction for the error series was effectively achieved by conditional expectation;positioning accuracy of ordinary GPS receivers was improved remarkably through online adjustment to the observation data.The simulated results show efficiency and reliability of the proposed method.


The chemical composition of the volatile constituents from the leaves and stems of endemic Acanthopanax koreanum and A. chiisanensis collected from Mt. Deokyu was determined by GC and GC/MS spectrometric analysis with the aid of NBS, Wiley Library and RI indice searches. The major constituents identified were (31.34%), l-limonene (17.01 %), (4.53%), trans-p-menth-2-ene-1,8-diol(3.13%), 1,8-cineole (4.73%), 1-dodecen-3-yne (2.64%) and (Z)-3,7-dimethyl-1,3,6-octatriene (3.21%) in A. koreanum, and (14.78%), limonene (7.24%), t-ocimene (7.22%), (8.76%), (4.32%), (7.72%), veridifloral (3.25%) and dodecane (2.44%) in A. chiisanensis.


A method for operating a dust collection device by reducing the adhesion of high-resistance dust while performing stable charging, with minimal pressure loss and high efficiency. The dust collection device comprises a pre-charging unit and a bag filter in a flue gas duct through which a gas flows, with the pre-charging unit disposed upstream from the bag filter, wherein the pre-charging unit comprises electrodes that charge the dust, a power source that supplies electric power to the electrodes, and a gas flow rate control device that adjusts the flow rate of the gas flowing through the pre-charging unit to a prescribed value. The method comprises a step of charging the dust by applying a voltage from the electrodes to the dust, and a step of removing the dust adhered to the electrodes by increasing the flow rate of the gas flowing through the pre-charging unit.


Ibn Masʻud was a leading figure among the Companions of the Prophet Muhammad SAW.  He was recognized as a credible scholar in the sciences of Al-Qur'an, Hadith (traditions of the Prophet SAW) and attained high reputations among the Companions and the Tabiʻin. Nevertheless, there were some allegations hurled against him that includes his omission of al-Muʻawwidhatayn and al-Fatihah as parts of al-Qur'an; his rejection of the al-Qur'an compilation committee; his different arrangement of chapters in al-Qur'an and his refusal to hand over his copies of al-Qur'an to be burnt. Analysis has been made based on various documentary resources from the books of tafsir, Qiraat, Hadith and history. From the analysis, those allegations were false, with malicious intent and those who made it clearly wanted to take advantage on his reputation. It can be concluded that the originality of al-Qur'an was undermined by certain quarters while the Shiites' claims were made to justify their religious doctrines using his name.


This working paper presents a 2000 Financial Social Accounting Matrix (FSAM) for Colombia. The matrix has an activitiescommodities structure, characterized by 59 sectors and goods, three production factors, one household aggregation, one public sector and a detailed financial sector. The financial accounts included in the FSAM are based on the monetary aggregates produced by the Central Bank while the real accounts are based on the information produced by the Department of National Statistics.


According to the remote wireless data transmission requirements,a kind of GPRS remote data transmission scheme based on ARM9 was proposed.The scheme takes S3C2440as core transplant LINUX operating system,expands GPRS module which has TCP/IP in it,adopts GPRS network and Internet as data transmission channel,and realizes the remote wireless data transmission from gateway node to monitoring center;the hardware structure and the software flowchart of gateway node and server presented.The paper lays special stress on data wireless transmission process,and compares the reliability of the two kinds of wireless transmission protocols TCP and UDP.Experiments show that the wireless data transmission scheme of GPRS module and PC which adopts fixed PI address under TCP transfer protocol is correct and reasonable,thus suitable for remote wireless data transmission system.


Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of clinical and functional parameters and quality of life (QoL) in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH), depending on the presence of a depressive disorder in long-term postoperative period.Material and methods. The study included 182 patients with CTEPH in the long term after surgery. Depending on the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 ( PHQ-9) data, all patients were divided into 2 groups: the 1st group — patients without depressive syndrome in the long-term postoperative period, the 2nd — patients with depressive syndrome. A comparative assessment of the initial clinical and functional characteristics, as well as QoL was carried out using the SF-36 questionnaire in both groups of patients. In patients who had a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a comparative assessment using the Post-COVID-19 Functional Status (PCFS) scale was carried out.Results. Clinically relevant depressive syndrome in patients with CTEPH in the long term after surgery was registered in 25,3% of cases. In the 2nd group of patients, prior myocardial infarction (p=0,02), concomitant chronic cerebrovascular disease (p=0,01), as well as moderate and severe post-COVID-19 functional limitations according to the PCFS scale (p=0,004) were significantly more often recorded compared with the 1st group. In the 2nd group of patients, the level of QoL in almost all parameters was significantly lower in comparison with the 1st group (p<0,05). Decreased QoL (score <40) in the 2nd group concerned numerous parameters, including the physical and mental health components. In the 1st group of patients, reduced QoL was observed only in some physical parameters.Conclusion. The group of patients with CTEPH with depressive syndrome in the long-term postoperative period was characterized by a higher incidence of concomitant chronic cerebrovascular disease and a history of myocardial infarction compared with patients without depressive disorders. In the group of patients with depressive disorders, moderate and severe post-COVID-19 functional limitations according to the PCFS scale were more often observed. Depressive disorders in patients with CTEPH in the long-term postoperative period were accompanied by significantly reduced QoL parameters. Patients experienced the greatest difficulties both during normal daily activities and in professional activities.


ABSTRACT Identification of common bean genotypes resistant to the root-knot nematodes may be useful for bean breeding programs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reaction of bean genotypes to M. incognita race 1 and M. javanica. Two independent trials to assess resistance to both root-knot nematodes were carried out with fifty-eight common bean genotypes and six snap bean genotypes. The experiments were arranged in a randomized block design, with three replications and two plants per plot. A total of 10,000 nematode eggs were inoculated per plant 15 days after germination. At forty-five days after inoculation, the root system of each plant was harvested and the nematode eggs were extracted. The number of eggs per gram of root was counted and the Reproduction Factor and the Reduction of the Reproduction Factor were calculated. The performance of the genotypes differed between the trials, indicating different resistance reactions to the nematode species evaluated. The genotypes VP-25 and BRS Valente were resistant to M. incognita race 1. The genotypes Aporé, Ouro Vermelho, Radiante, and CNFP 10793 showed good resistance to both M. incognita race 1 and M. javanica, with potential as source of resistance in breeding programs. There was a significant correlation between root mass and number of eggs. The correlation between nematode reproduction and shoot mass was null.


A method has been developed for the simultaneous detection of 27 volatile organic compounds(VOCs) including halogenated hydrocarbons,benzene series compounds and chlorinated benzenes in groundwater by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(GC-MS) with purge and trap sampling.The double capillary columns of DB-624 and DB-FFAP were used for identifying the target compounds based on the complexity of the environmental medium and uncertainty of interference.Parameters affecting the accuracy and precision,such as separation conditions,injection mode and mass spectrometry scanning mode,were tested and optimized.The peak shape of target compounds in two different injection modes was compared and the results show that the split injection mode is significantly better than the non-split mode.The split injection with a ratio of 10:1 was selected to determine the target analytes with high sensitivity.The selected ion monitoring(SIM) scan mode improved the sensitivity of the components within the scan cycle.The double capillary columns of DB-624 and DB-FFAP were used to identify the target compounds,which ensured the accuracy for the analysis results.Meanwhile the m-xylene and p-xylene were totally separated by DB-FFAP capillary columns.The detection limits of the method for the target compounds were 0.02-0.10 μg/L.The recovery rates were 93.3%-109.5% with RSD of 0.9%-8.5%(n=7).The method has the advantages of lower detection limits,good precision and is suitable for the determination of trace VOCs in groundwater for a large number of samples.


The purpose of this study is to understand the characteristics of the tourist environment in Gunsan City and to increase the value of tourism to attract visitors' preferences and to establish links with the local community. First, based on the physical environment characteristics of the railroad village in Kyouam - dong, it is necessary to develop the physical environment characteristics by empirically identifying the causal relationship with the tourist value felt by tourists. Second, I will present the grounds for establishing tourism marketing strategy by enhancing tourism value and establishing community linkage by empirically identifying the causality that the tourism value formed through the visit of the railroad village in Kyouam - dong influences the community linkage. In order to elucidate the results of this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the relationship between the physical environment characteristics of tourist sites and tourism value and community linkage in the railway village of Gyeongam - dong in Gunsan city. The main results of this study are as follows. First, to improve the tourism value among the characteristics of tourist environment, the most important factor is to improve the comfort. Second, accessibility affects emotional value only. Third, convenience of tourism value has no effect on all factors. Fourth, tourism value is influenced by all factors in community linkage. Emotional value has the greatest effect on tourism value. Lastly, the factors affecting the local community were convenience and accessibility.


We present a new analysis of the Jupiter+Saturn analog system, OGLE-2006-BLG-109Lb,c, which was the first double planet system discovered with the gravitational microlensing method. This is the only multi-planet system discovered by any method with measured masses for the star and both planets. In addition to the signatures of two planets, this event also exhibits a microlensing parallax signature and finite source effects that provide a direct measure of the masses of the star and planets, and the expected brightness of the host star is confirmed by Keck AO imaging, yielding masses of , Mb = 231 ± 19 M⊕, and Mc = 86 ± 7 M⊕. The Saturn-analog planet in this system had a planetary light-curve deviation that lasted for 11 days, and as a result, the effects of the orbital motion are visible in the microlensing light curve. We find that four of the six orbital parameters are tightly constrained and that a fifth parameter, the orbital acceleration, is weakly constrained. No orbital information is available for the Jupiter-analog planet, but its presence helps to constrain the orbital motion of the Saturn-analog planet. Assuming co-planar orbits, we find an orbital eccentricity of and an orbital inclination of . The 95% confidence level lower limit on the inclination of i > 49° implies that this planetary system can be detected and studied via radial velocity measurements using a telescope of ≳30 m aperture.


Donald Trump's speeches and messages are characterized by terms that are commonly referred to as "thick" or "emotive," meaning that they are characterized by a tendency to be used to generate emotive reactions. This paper investigates how emotive meaning is related to emotions, and how it is generated or manipulated. Emotive meaning is analyzed as an evaluative conclusion that results from inferences triggered by the use of a term, which can be represented and assessed using argumentation schemes. The evaluative inferences are regarded as part of the connotation of emotive words, which can be modified and stabilized by means of recontextualizations. The manipulative risks underlying the misuse and the redefinition of emotive words are accounted for in terms of presuppositions and implicit modifications of the interlocutors' commitments.


Nebojsa Nakicenovic, born in 1949 in former Yugoslavia, studied economics and computer science at Princeton University, and completed his doctorate at the University of Vienna, Austria. In 1973 he joined the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) near Vienna to conduct studies on long-term, global energy prospects and on the restructuring of the global automotive industry. Later he led programmes on the dynamics of technological and social change and environmentally compatible energy strategies. Nakicenovic is currently Deputy Director of IIASA, Professor of Energy Economics and Head of the Energy Economics Group at the Vienna University of Technology, and Director of the Global Energy Assessment. His research focuses on the diffusion of new technologies and their interactions with the environment.


Several studies have examined the eruption of ectopically impacted teeth with regard to the position ofthe tooth germ, aberration of the course of eruption, and defects in the eruption site. Tooth impaction is oftencaused by a tumor or a cyst. We describe our experience with a rare case involving projection of an ectopicimpacted tooth into the mandibular notch in a patient receiving treatment for osteomyelitis. A 59-year-old man wasreferred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kameda General Hospital on January 25, 2001because of dental problems. Panoramic radiography showed apical periodontitis and slight radiopacity in the rightlower second molar region. Projection of an ectopically impacted tooth was also identified in the mandibularnotch, which was asymptomatic. We discuss the findings and review the literature on erupting ectopically impactedteeth in the mandible.


The traditional CCR or BCC model in DEA for DMU assessment often come out with multiple efficiency units, which cause problems in rank ordering. There fore, we intended to improve level of discriminatio n among Decision Making Units (DMUs). The present study thus seeks to solve the above-mentioned problems of discrimination and infeasible solutions in A-P s uper-efficient mode by proposing a feasible linear programming approach. In addition, for the nonlinea r problem, using (1-α)/(1+ β), in the objective function and constrains of the general model when applying SE in DEA, an improved linear programming solution mode is proposed, along with the assessment model of dominated decision making units to solve the prob lem of infeasible solution. Through the results of proo f and calculation on the data in the given example, the present study proposes linear programming solution mode suitable for input-oriented, output-oriented a nd nonoriented model, respectively and such a linear prog ramming solution model can substantially improve and solve the above mentioned problems of discrimination and infeasible solutions.


In the present study we report the occurrence of three Naididae species from three gastropod mollusk species. The species Dero (Dero) righii was found from mollusks of the genus Biomphalaria. Nais communis was found from Biomphalaria sp. and Aplexa rivalis. Chaetogaster limnaei was found from Biomphalaria sp., Aplexa rivalis and Lymnaea columella. In Brazil, previous studies have reported the occurrence of Chaetogaster limnaei from Biomphalaria solely, while Nais communis have been found from Pomacea bridgesii and Dero (Dero) righii in the sediment of aquatic habitats in Mato Grosso do Sul. Our results indicate that, due to their locomotion, naidids are capable of colonizing different substrates in aquatic environments.


The Gumuz people of Matakal are one of the peripheral marginalized peoples in northwestern Ethiopia. They were subjected to protracted slave raids by the rulers or agents of the Christian Kingdom of Ethiopia, the Sudanese authorities and local regional lords. In fact, this characterized their history up to the first half of twentieth century. In due courses, the Gumuz started to put up an organized resistance to this age old discriminating and dehumanizing socio-political processes. This expressed itself in various forms such as taking subtle actions against their former masters or the neighboring ethnic groups; or by open revolt against the government. Hence conflict and violence dominated the relation of the Gumuz with both the government of various period and the neighboring ethnic groups. The government of Haile Sellassie devised and implemented various administrative reforms to contain and control these actions of the Gumuz. Administrative centers and police stations were opened in different districts of Matakal deep in to the Gumuz land. The expansion of the political center in to the Gumuz periphery created conducive condition for the closer interaction of different peoples that facilitated the socio-economic and cultural transformation of the Gumuz people. In fact, the Gumuz have been seen considerable changes in their traditional way of life and different aspects of their life since then. For instance, the event paved the way for the birth of the Centre-Periphery approaches in to the Periphery-Centre developmental changes. Keywords: Resistance, Autonomy, Self Administration, Marginalization.


Aiming at the problems of poor self-adaptive ability in traditional feature extraction methods and weak generalization ability in single classifier under big data, an internal parameter-optimized Deep Belief Network (DBN) method based on grasshopper optimization algorithm (GOA) is proposed. First, the minimum Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) in the network training is taken as the fitness function, in which GOA is used to search for the optimal parameter combination of DBN. After that the learning rate and the number of batch learning in DBN which have great influence on the training error would be properly selected. At the same time, the optimal structure distribution of DBN is given through comparison. Then, FFT and linear normalization are introduced to process the original vibration signal of the gearbox, preprocess the data from multiple sensors and construct the input samples for DBN. Finally, combining with deep learning featured by powerful self-adaptive feature extraction and nonlinear mapping capabilities, the obtained samples are input into DBN for training, and the fault diagnosis model for gearbox based on DBN would be established. After several tests with the remaining samples, the diagnosis rate of the model could reach over 99.5%, which is far better than the traditional fault diagnosis method based on feature extraction and pattern recognition. The experimental results show that this method could effectively improve the self-adaptive feature extraction ability of the model as well as its accuracy of fault diagnosis, which has better generalization performance.


The thesis commences from the introduction of the concept of the grade rating system for undergraduate students and elaborates the rating systems by using the grade rating systems of two universities respectively from China and Ireland as examples so as to conduct contrastive research on the rating systems of the two universities.The thesis aims at learning the good experience in management from the reputable foreign universities,helping to improve and advance the grade rating system for undergraduate students in Chinese universities and actualizing scientific and comprehensive assessment on the students' academic performance.


This study aims to determine the influence of organizational culture and leadership style on teamwork. This research is explanatory research with quantitative approach. The sampling technique used is saturated or census sample with a sample size of 43 employees. Sources of data derived from primary data by distributing questionnaires and secondary data with documentation. This study using multiple regression analysis (Linear Regression analysis) with the help of SPSS 21.0 software. The results showed that, there is significant influence organizational culture and leadership style on team work simultaneously with the calculated F value of 24.182. While the F table (α = 0:05; regression df = 2: residual df = 40) is equal to 3,232. Because the F count> F table that is 24.182> 3.232 or sig F (0,000) t table is 4.796> 2.021 or sig t (0.000) t table is 2,123> 2,021 or sig t (0,040) F tabel yaitu 24,182 > 3,232 atau nilai sig F (0,000) t tabel yaitu 4,796 > 2,021 atau nilai sig t (0,000) t tabel yaitu 2,123 > 2,021 atau nilai sig t (0,040) < α = 0.05 maka pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan (X 2 ) terhadap Kerjasama Tim (Y) yang berada di PGT Sukun terdapat hasil yang signifikan. Hal ini berarti H 0 ditolak dan H 1 diterima. Kata kunci : Budaya Organisasi, Gaya Kepemimpinan , Kerjasama Tim


A case of a 54 year old female with cor tritriatum is described. Diagnostic role of transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography is discussed.


Objective To observe the effects of hypoxia on AQP4 expression of retina Muller cell.Methods The rabbits'retinal Muller cells were cultured in vitro by different hypoxia time.We detected the apoptotic Muller cell by AO/EB stain after hypoxia culture,and select the proper experimentic group.We detected AQP4 expression by immunocytochemical staining,FACS and RT-PCR.Results The best suit hypoxia time was 24 h.Green flurecence of Muller cells/AQP4 expression in hypoxia group was weaker than the natural control group.FACS indicated the position of wave crest advanced obviousely and AQP4 expression deseased.RT-PCR results:AQP4 mRNA expression was weaker than the expression in the control group(P0.01).Conclusions Hypoxia could desease AQP4 expression of cultured retinal Muller cells,the possible mechanism is the change of cellular metabolism by hypoxia,which caused K+ flow-out.


In mixed-anion systems, partial anion order can be the key to realizing enhanced dielectric properties. A novel A2B2X6X′0.5-type oxyfluoride pyrochlore, Pb2Ti2O5.4F1.2, was prepared through the conventional solid-state reaction. Characterization of the oxyfluoride pyrochlore by synchrotron X-ray diffraction and electron diffraction revealed the existence of partial O2–/F– order at the X site, in which F– is involved in fac-type Ti(O/F)6 coordination, associated with the O2–/vacancy order at the X′ site. Although Pb2Ti2O5.4F1.2 adopts a centrosymmetric structure, the refined occupancy factors suggested the existence of local polarization. Partial O2–/F– anion order stabilized the large displacement of Ti4+, leading to a high dielectric constant (as high as 800) with a low-temperature coefficient. These results suggest that mixing heteroanions in pyrochlores provides a basis for exploring novel dielectric materials.


Abstract Capuzzo-Dolcetta–Ishii proved that the rate of periodic homogenization for coercive Hamilton–Jacobi equations is . We complement this result by constructing examples of coercive nonconvex Hamiltonians whose rate of periodic homogenization is .


Silicone rubber insulators (SRIs) play an important role in high-voltage power transmission lines. Given that SRIs critically threaten the safe operation of the power grid, quantitatively assessing the aging status of SRIs <italic>in situ</italic> is crucial. In this article, a portable unilateral magnetic resonance (UMR) sensor with a U-shaped magnet structure and its measuring circuit were designed for the nondestructive detection of the aging status of SRIs <italic>in situ</italic>. First, the optimization efficiency of the magnet structure was improved through a uniform design method. Then, the planar radio frequency (RF) coil was designed by the finite-element method. Furthermore, the demagnetization effect of eddy currents induced in metal materials on the RF magnetic field was analyzed. We measured the SRI sheds at different service times and obtained the corresponding <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{1}\text{H}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> transverse relaxation decay curves by importing the Carr–Purcell–Meiboom–Gill (CPMG) sequence. Finally, the transverse relaxation decay curves were postprocessed using inverse Laplace transformation, and the 1-D spectrum distributions of transverse relaxation time (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T_{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) were obtained. The results reveal that <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T_{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of the surface of the SRI shed decreases as the service time of the SRI increases. In addition, the difference in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$T_{2}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> between the surface and interior of the SRI shed increases. The comparison experiments demonstrate that the U-shaped sensor designed in this article is superior to the curved sensor previously designed by our team. The effect of temperature variation on SRIs aging assessment was considered at last.


The invention provides a modified barbadosnut dreg adhesive which comprises a barbadosnut dreg solution, a crosslinking agent and a catalyst, wherein the barbadosnut dreg solution is prepared by adding a biological enzyme, an initiator and a grafting monomer in barbadosnut dreg and then reacting. The modified barbadosnut dreg adhesive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of water, 0.1-2 parts of biological enzyme, 15-60 parts of barbadosnut dreg, 0.1-1 part of initiator, 2-8 parts of grafting monomer, 1-15 parts of crosslinking agent and 0.02-0.2 parts of catalyst. The modified barbadosnut dreg adhesive has the advantages of high solid content, low viscosity and low solidification temperature; by using the adhesive, the problems that compression ratio, waste ratio and energy consumption are increased when an artificial board is produced are effectively solved, and thus the adhesive can be conveniently and widely used in artificial board manufacturing; and simultaneously, the artificial board prepared from the adhesive has high water-tolerant bonding strength and can meet the requirement of II veneer boards, and zero formaldehyde is released by the artificial board.


This paper presents the wind tunnel experimental results to investigate the effects of surface gradient-of-curvature on aerodynamic performance of a low Reynolds number airfoil Eppler 387 for use in small-scale wind turbines. The prescribed surface curvature distribution blade design method is applied to the airfoil E387 to remove the gradient-of-curvature discontinuities and the redesigned airfoil is denoted as A7. Both airfoils are manufactured with high precision to reflect the design. Low-speed wind tunnel experiments are conducted to both airfoils at chord based Reynolds numbers 100 000, 200 000, and 300 000. Surface pressure measurements are used to calculate the lift and pitching-moment data, and the wake survey method is applied to obtain the drag data. The experimental results of E387 are compared with NASA Low Turbulence Pressure Tunnel (LTPT) results for validation. The gradient-of-curvature discontinuities of E387 result in a larger laminar separation bubble which causes higher drag at lower a...


In recent years, to encourage citizens to use the E-Government system more widely, the number of innovative research topics in this area has grown tremendously to bridge the information gap between citizens and the government. However, recently, concerns have been increasing, especially in developing countries, as to how to simplify the submission of a request for an E-Government service and how to link these requests to build an online application without asking the citizen to input the data more than once or run around to submit their information in person. Thus, the challenge for the Government in this situation is to provide an e-system which is fast and simple for the citizen to use. This research proposes a method for simplifying the information retrieval process from the E-Government system. This method uses Natural Language Processing (NLP), concept indexing and data integration methods for data analyzing and building. To assist the retrieval of information, the government concept is used to match everyday language to the formal language which is used in the government's E-Documents. As well, the mapping is based on the enriched citizen's requests to structure a multi-layered E-Document. To demonstrate its usefulness, we applied our methodology to sample data of an online request for a vehicle registration procedure.


We have numerically calculated the magnetic susceptibilities which appear in the Hartree–Fock instability criterion for actinide 3d transition‐metal intermetallic compounds. This calculation is based on a previous tight‐binding description of these actinide‐based compounds [A. Troper and A. A. Gomes, Phys. Rev. B 34, 6487 (1986)]. The parameters of the calculation, which starts from simple tight‐binding d and  f  bands are (i) occupation numbers, (ii) ratio of d‐f hybridization to d bandwidth, and (iii) electron‐electron Coulomb‐type interactions.


In recent years, it was found that the energy $E_{c.m.}$ in the centre of mass frame of two colliding particles can be unbounded near black holes. If collision occurs exactly on the horizon, $E_{c.m.}$ is formally infinite. We analyze briefly different scenarios of such a kind and show that in every act of collision $E_{c.m.}$ is finite (although it can be as large as one likes). The factors preventing infinite energy are diverse: the necessity of infinite proper rime, infinite tidal forces, potential barrier, etc. This prompts us to formulate a general principle according to which the limits in which $E_{c.m.}$ becomes infinite are never achieved.


□ In this paper, we obtain asymptotic ruin probabilities in two models where claim amounts become more and more adverse, because of phenomena such as climate change or some kind of sectorial inflation. The method we use also enables us to study a risk model in which claims have infinite mean. In such models, ruin probability can be controlled by a strong increase in the premium income rate, which causes premiums to become unacceptable for customers.


So far,there is no test method and standard for the so-called"potential movement method"for hydrogenerator.The paper introduces the course of eliminating the imbalanced leakage current of No6 generator in Ruilijiang station.It provides reference for solving three phase leakage current imbalance in the future.


Abstract Pseudagrion lalakense, a new species of coenagrionid from Borneo, is described and figured. The species is phylogenetically close to the very widespread and eurytopic P. microcephalum and the two fly together. P. lalakense may be distinguished from microcephalum and several other similar blue species by the pattern on the thorax and abdomen in both sexes and by the form of the male terminal appendages. P. lalakense is highly stenotopic, being known only from highly acidic black-water marsh in two localities in Brunei where it is associated with the sedge Hydrolitha. Activity patterns of P. lalakense appear similar to those of P. microcephalum but the two species differ in their preferred perches and oviposition sites. A list of seven species of other odonates flying in the same habitat is provided.


A slant helix is a curve for which the principal normal vector field makes a constant angle with a fixed direction. In this study, we solve a system of linear ordinary differential equations involving an alternative moving frame, then determine the position vectors of slant helices through integration in Minkowski 3-space.


The basic views on a person"s outlook as a psychological phenomenon and its structure are considered in the article. The author makes an attempt to summarise the existing concepts and to define the notion under consideration. The description of the practical research includes the results of the psychosemantic research on a person"s outlook. The author makes an attempt to classify the outlook structures on the basis of the empirical results.


In a recent issue of Nephron Berlot and Lucchese [1] reported their management of heparin-associated thrombocytopenia (HAT) during continuous venovenous hemofiltration. They described a case of rapid onset of severe thrombocytopenia after initiating intravenous heparin therapy and stated 'that the diagnostic criteria for HAT have been completely fulfilled'. Despite of that, they reported a continuation of heparin therapy at lower doses without recovery of platelet counts at that stage and at last the slow return of platelet counts into the normal range more than 1 week after finishing intravenous heparin therapy. With reference to the current literature and the clinical experience in our hospital, this approach does not seem to be adequate.


Abstract : FORTRAN was designed to run efficiently on primitive serial computers (it had to compete at birth head to head with machine assembly code) and its widespread use influenced the development of the most advanced machines used for numerical calculations in the 60's, 70's and 80's (c.f. CDC 64000, 6600, 7600 CRAY etc.). However, soon the performance limits achievable by a single serial processor economically became a limit to the monotonic growth of computer performance and alternative approaches (most typically dedicated multiprocessor configurations) have been offered as ways to Surmount these constraints.


Particulate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous pollutants in the urban atmosphere, which are harmful to human health. PM2.5 samples in the urban atmosphere of Guangzhou, Dongguan and Zhaoqing were collected between 18 and 24 October 2009. Sixteen USEPA priority PAHs in PM2.5 samples were analyzed with GC-MS (gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). The result showed that the atmospheric PAH concentrations varied between 4.09 and 30.83 ng/m3, and the main chemical constitution of PAHs in PM2S were Benzo(b), Fluoranthene (BbF), Indeno (1,2,3-cd) pyrene (IcdP)., Benzo (ghi) perylene (BghiP). The average concentration of the BaP in each city were as follows: ZhaoQing was 0.47ng/m3, DongGuan was 1.62ng/m3, and Guanzhou was 0.82ng/m3. Because of their molecular structures and content, most PAHs associated with PM2.5 in the three cities are carcinogenic substances.


The rapid erection system of transmission lines in disaster relief can restore the power supply in the disaster area in a very short time. It takes a long time to construct transmission lines in post-disaster relief and reconstruction. This paper designs the transmission line erection system with the idea of light quality and modularization and puts forward the dimensions and structures of auxiliary hoisting towers and overhead towers. Then, considering that the transmission line is a tall flexible structure, which is very sensitive to wind load, the finite element model of the transmission tower is established to analyze the simultaneous stress of the overhead tower and the lifting tower under extreme conditions. The study verifies the feasibility and stability of the designed transmission line rapid erection system.


(1) School of Earth Science and Environmental Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA (firstname.lastname@example.com), (2) Department of Geological Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey, (3) Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA, (4) Earthbyte Research Group, School of Geosciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia, (5) United States Geological Survey, Denver, CO, USA, (6) Department of Earth Science, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA, (7) Department of Geological Engineering, Muğla University, Muğla, Turkey, (8) Department of Earth Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA, (9) Biodiversity and Climate Research Center, Senckenberg Research Institute, Frankfurt, Germany, (10) Institute of Geosciences, Goethe University-Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany, (11) Department of Geological Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO, USA, (12) Department of Earth Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, (13) Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute, Boğaziçi University, Istanbul, Turkey, (14) Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California-San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA


The WHO Healthy Cities will be 15 years old in the year 2000. It has proved an exceptionally sustainable WHO initiative and is still experiencing growth around the globe. This is all the more noteworthy because the world has changed significantly since the time when the Healthy Cities project was first launched in Europe in 1986. The initial project was driven by two key ideas: the rediscovery of the importance and potential of local public health and the linking of cities from around Europe into a network with a common purpose. At present the interest and discourse has shifted from the "local" to the "global". Does this mean that the global now dominates the local? Or can the local respond adequately to global pressures? What can Healthy Cities contribute to this debate?


Through the application of LS-DYNA software for the numerical simulation of different designs of driving weapons systems Precursory Shaped Charge jet penetrating concrete bunkers,the paper analyzed the shape,speed and penetration effect of jet combining theories,and the impact of ROD Penetrator by device-cover thickness,choosing dynamite and Initiation location.By means of numerical simulation analysis,it verified the feasibility of the design.


This paper will define the scope of hotel industry,specifically use Michael Porter 's five forces to explain the natural environment and competitive situation in this field.The porter's theory would significantly help hotel managers to apply key marketing strategies and gain more competitive advantages.


In the classical consensus problem, each of n processors receives a private input value and produces a decision value, which is one of the original input values, and it is the same for all processors. This problem is unsolvable deterministically in several standard models, including the asynchronous shared-memory model. The k-set agreement problem is a generalization of the classical consensus proposed by S. Chaudhuri, where the agreement condition is weakened so that the decision values produced may be different, as long as the number of distinct values is at most k. For $n > k \le 2$ it was not known whether this problem is solvable deterministically in the asynchronous shared memory model. We resolve this question by showing that for any $k < n$, there is no deterministic wait-free protocol for n processors that solves the k-set agreement problem. The proof technique is new: it is based on the development of a topological structure on the set of possible processor schedules of a protocol. This topological structure has a natural interpretation in terms of processors knowledge of the state of the system. This structure reveals a close analogy between the impossibility of wait-free k-set agreement and the Brouwer fixed point theorem for the k-dimensional ball.
A distributed move-to-front list is a data object that abstracts a temporal ordering on a set of processes in a distributed system. We present a lower bound and a matching upper bound of $\Theta(log\sp2n)$ bits on the space per processor needed to implement a distributed move-to-front list using single writer-multiple reader registers.
Finally we prove that, in any wait-free implementation of a multireader atomic register from single-reader atomic registers, the readers must communicate with each other. This leads to a lower bound on the number of registers used, that matches the known upper bound.


Binning the metagenomic contigs into potential genomes is an essential step to investigate and characterize various genetic materials of different species and understand microbial populations. Existing tools have achieved considerable success with a variety of datasets, especially in long-length sequences, while precise classification of short contigs in complex metagenomics remains a challenging task. Since different species may have same sequences in their genomes, a contig sequence can be assigned to multiple species. However, current contig binning tools merely support single label binning. In other words, each contig is assigned to just one species. This article introduced Viabin which can refine the binning results using ZINB-autoencoder and assembly graphs. Viabin used Gaussian mixture model to preliminarily classify the unclassified contigs encoded by autoencoder based on ZINB. Subsequently, assembly graph and sequence feature were combined with the binning results of other tools to complete the final binning. More importantly, it had the capacity to assign contigs to numerous bins. Experimental 3 datasets demonstrated that Viabin could not only improve binning performance of short contig sequences but also support assignment of contigs to multiple bins.


Business cycles, the ups and downs observed somewhat simultaneously in numerous macroeconomic variables in an economy and often measured using real GDP, are important and, despite much economic research, still incompletely understood. A method for ex-post dating of the business cycle in the Euro area is proposed. The business cycle is defined as the common dynamic of some macroeconomic time series. A non-stationary, non-parametric setup is used for business cycle dating. The recession periods found closely match those defined by the Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR) Dating Committee.


The ELeGI project+ aims to define new models of human learning, enabling ubiquitous and collaborative learning, by merging experiential, personalised and contextualised approaches. An advanced service-oriented Grid based software architecture for learning has been defined and implemented by the consortium, using a number of different educational applications. The ELeGI evaluation framework was developed to help manage the overall set of evaluations required for the project, and to distinguish between the evaluation of applications and middleware. It encompasses all aspects of a learning environment, in order to identify "Grid added value " and "Learning added value". In this paper we discuss the concept of "Usability" and QoS for evaluation in ELeGI, with two illustrative examples of evaluation of an educational application integration with Grid services.


In March 2015, the blog called El Mundo Web Social start posting fortnightly interviews with professional librarians, archivists and documentary professionals, about ICT, as a natural environment, both in his personal and professional life. The intention of the author (Fernando Jerez) is to present them through diverse and interesting profiles of professionals whose talent, personality, vision, ideas and projects are especially interesting for him.
The 10 interviews you can find in this document were published in www.elmundowebsocial.com between April 2015 and August of that year.