In contrast to non-nucleated ABO(H) red cells, which
when transfused to a blood group O(H) recipient undergo destruction within
minutes, such hyperacute, humoral rejection occurs relatively rare in
transplantations of highly nucleated, metabolically active solid organs; it is
extremely rare in liver transplantations (Adams, 1991) (Della-Guardia et al., 2008) and does
not occur in successful bone marrow engraftment (Takahashi, 2005). Moreover, a case of transient, selective disappearance of
preexisting donor-specific HLA-antibodies after an incompatible liver
transplantation, without any rejection episodes, has been reported by Bastiani (Bastani, 2006), and according to Taner et al. (2014) such transient decrease
of donor-specific HLA-antibodies is not uncommon after incompatible liver
transplantation. Treatment of pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) with ABO
incompatible RBC, after ABO blood group incompatible hematopoietic stem cell
transplantation, was followed by spontaneous decrease of isoagglutinin
levels in several individuals (Stussi et al. 2009). In addition, an exponential fall in both anti-A/B
reactive IgM and IgG titers was observed after ABO(H) incompatible bone marrow
transplantation (Rowley et al. 2000; Lee et al. 2003). These phenomena in "major incompatibilities" most likely
reflect a complex mechanism, in which pre-existing anti-graft-reactive
immunoglobulins of the host are adsorbed on complementary sites on the cell
surfaces of the graft, but unlike on the surfaces of metabolically weak red
cells, appear to be completed by graft-phenotype-specific protective
glycosylation and may only recover when the graft-intrinsic
enzymatic power and supply of specific substrates are exhausted.


For coupling of coherent sources such as laser diodes to single-mode fibers, a powerful theoretical formalism has been developed, which permits rather exact calculation of the coupling efficiency, even considering imperfections and misalignment of the coupling optics.1 However, no theory has yet been published for partially coherent sources such as edge emitting LEDs (ELEDs), The measured coupled power for different ELED types and coupling optics varies between 5 and 250 μW.2 For optimization of ELED structures and coupling lenses a formalism similar to that for coherent sources seems to be quite useful.


Modifications of the basic Shockley equations that result from the random and nonrandom spatial variations of the chemical composition of a semiconductor were developed. These modifications underlie the existence of the extensive emitter recombination current that limits the voltage over the open circuit of solar cells. The measurement of parameters, series resistance and the base diffusion length is discussed. Two methods are presented for establishing the energy bandgap narrowing in the heavily-doped emitter region. Corrections that can be important in the application of one of these methods to small test cells are examined. Oxide-charge-induced high-low-junction emitter (OCI-HLE) test cells which exhibit considerably higher voltage over the open circuit than was previously seen in n-on-p solar cells are described.


I. Deppner †1, N. Herrmann1, M. Ciobanu2, D. Gonzales-Diaz 2, K.D. Hildenbrand2, M. Kis2, Y. Leifels2, P.-A. Loizeau1, and Y. Zhang1 1Physikalische Institut Uni. Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germ any; 2GSI, Darmstadt, Germany In the current design of the CBM experiment, hadron identification is based on the Time-of-Flight measurement provided by a wall of Multi-gap Resistive Plate Chambers (MRPC). Due to a lower rate the outer most part can be covered with float glass MRPCs in a multi-strip configuration. In order to study possible configuration of such systems, a prototype of a Multi-strip MRPC with fully differential readout was developed (see Fig.1). The active area of the


Abstract : Formulae are given which, together with formulae contained in Part I, enable numerical evaluation of the separate power flows in the plates and fluid due to line-force and line-source excitation. Plots of power flow show significant interchange of energy between plates and fluid. They are complimentary to the acoustic intensity vector plots of Part I.


The paper introduces the geographical and cultural environment in Lingnan as well as the development history of its gardens,and then analyzes the unique cultural features of Lingnan gradens.


This thesis focuses on what the Internet can contribute to schoolwork, what search strategies the students use, and how they express their understanding of this. There were questions con-cerningthe ...


In a companion article of the sameResearch Topic, we present findings onthe relationship of fetal adaptive brainshut-down and neuroinflammation dur-ing hypoxic acidemia (1). The findings arederived from the chronically instrumentednon-anesthetized near-term ovine fetusmodel with and without chronic hypoxia(defined as arterial O


Human capital investment is of great significance in the economic development in the countryside in our country . However ,the quality of labourers in the countryside is, on the whole, not high at the present. The structure of human capital in the countryside is not clear-cut.The tendency of labour is similar.Things as such hinder the further development of economy in the countryside.Therefore,it is highly recommended that to raise and speed up the conscousness of the importance of human labour investment, increase the investment in education though many venues and further develop vocational and technical education, thus promote the development of economy in the countryside in China.


The following papers are presented: Public issues of transport in the West of Scotland (Westwell, AR); Central government, local government and public transport (Geeson, A): Testing the implementation of declared policy on public transport provision in South Yorkshire (Workman, H); A research design to test the long run effectiveness of A local subsidy policy (Hay, A); The causes, costs and benefits of increasing delivery distances (McKinnon, AC); Non-transport solutions to the rural transport problem (Nutley, S); The provision and funding of rural roads-the New Zealand example (White, HP). These papers were presented to the transport geography study group at the fiftieth anniversary meeting of the Institute of British Geographers held at the University of Edinburgh, January 1983. (TRRL)


This is a comprehensive study of the Jewish and Muslim dialect networks of Morocco in its traditional boundaries. It is based on the author's fieldwork in 22 Muslim communities, and (in Israel) with speakers who grew up in some 30 Moroccan Jewish communities. (The Western Sahara, whose vernacular Arabic is of Mauritanian type, was off- limits during the time of fieldwork and is not covered.)


ENY-736, a 3-page illustrated fact sheet by C. Roxanne Connelly, Christopher N. Mores, Chelsea T. Smartt, and Walter J. Tabachnick, describes this mosquito-borne virus, what it is, its symptoms, how its transmitted to humans, where it occurs, risk to Floridians, and how it can be prevented. Includes references. Published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, April 2007.
ENY-736/IN696: Chikungunya (ufl.edu)


The multidisciplinary optimization (MDO) branch at NASA Langley Research Center develops new methods and investigates opportunities for applying optimization to aerospace vehicle design. We describe MDO branch experiences with three applications of optimization under uncertainty: (1) improved impact dynamics for airframes, (2) transonic airfoil optimization for low drag, and (3) coupled aerodynamic/structures optimization of a 3-D wing. For each case, a brief overview of the problem and references to previous publications are provided. The three cases are aerospace examples of the challenges and opportunities presented by optimization under uncertainty. We illustrate a variety of needs for this technology, summarize promising methods, and uncover fruitful areas for new research


Purpose: To analyse the prognostic value of the initial volumetric PET biomarkers – the total metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and the total lesion glycolysis (TLG) – in classic Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL) and determine their optimal threshold values for prognosis.Material and methods. This retrospective study included 62 cHL patients with different stages who underwent staging with 18F-FGD PET/CT. The follow-up period was from 6 to 61 months after the baseline PET/CT, 41 patients remained in remission, 10 patients had refractory course, 11 relapsed. The examinations were processed with automatic (multi-foci segmentation – MFS) method to obtain MTV and TLG using two fixed absolute thresholds (SUVmax ≥ 2.5 and SUVmax ≥ 4.0) and one relative threshold (41% of SUVmax).Results. In subgroups with disease remission (n = 41) and refractory course or relapse (n = 21), statistically significant differences between MTV and TLG with the two thresholds were found – SUVmax ≥ 2.5 and 41% of SUVmax (p < 0.05). When using threshold of SUVmax ≥ 4.0 statistically differences between the mean of MTV and TLG were no detected.Univariate analysis revealed correlation between progression-free survival and volumetric PET biomarkers (MTV and TLG) with three thresholds (SUVmax ≥ 2.5, SUVmax ≥ 4.0, and 41% of SUVmax).Conclusion. In cHL high values of initial volumetric PET biomarkers – MTV and TLG – calculated with three thresholds (SUVmax ≥ 2.5, SUVmax ≥ 4.0, and 41% of SUVmax) are associated with unfavourable prognosis – a high probability of refractory disease course or relapse.The optimal prognostic thresholds values of MTV and TLG in the analysed group were determined respectively: SUVmax ≥ 2.5 – 204 cm3 and 961, at 41% of SUVmax – 105 cm3 and 620.


According to the data from 2011-2012 crop yield of the 7-field crop rotation stage is determined. A conclusion is made what fertilizer is the best for each crop. The chemical analysis of the considered crop samples during 2011-2012 is investigated. Nitrogen and raw protein content is shown. Protein content from each yield is determined as well.


a high-copy-number plasmid, based on the ability of wild-type terminase to kill recA strains ofEscherichia coli. Sixty-three different spontaneous mutations and 13 linker insertion mutations were isolated by this method and analyzed. Extracts of cells transformed by mutant plasmids displayed variable degrees of reduction in the activity of one or both terminase subunits as assayed by in vitro A DNA packaging. A method of genetically mapping plasmid-borne mutations in the A gene by measuring their ability to rescue various A Aam phages showed that theA mutations were fairly evenly distributed across the gene. MutantA genes were also subcloned into overproducing plasmid constructs, and it was determined that more than half of them directed the synthesis of normal amounts of full-length A protein. Three of the A gene mutants displayed dramatically reduced in vitro packaging activity only when immature (uncut) X DNA was used as the substrate; therefore, these mutations may lie in the endonuclease domain of terminase. Interestingly, the putative endonuclease mutations mapped in two distinct locations in the A gene separated by at least 400 bp.


This paper describes the similarities between task graphs and Petri nets and explains how a well formed task graph can be converted or transformed into a Petri net for verification, validation and checking using incidence matrix analysis, invariants and the reachability graph. A case study is presented, results and conclusions are given. Keywords—, Petri nets, Task Graphs, Transformation, Verification, Well formedness


This study aims to determine the effect of yellow sweet potato extract as a prebiotic source for fermentation kinetics L. paracasei. Bacteria L. paracasei, which is used here, is a collection of Laboratory Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Animal Science UGM. Concentrations of yellow sweet potato extract used to determine the Km value L. paracasei were 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2%. Lactic acid production and fermentation pH value of L. paracasei with different levels of yellow sweet potato extract (2 Km, Km, 1.5 Km) were measured after 24 hours incubation period. Km value bacteria L. paracasei obtained 2.1 g/100ml. Different concentrations of yellow sweet potato (2 Km, Km, 1.5 Km) as a treatment had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the increase in lactic acid produced and decrease in pH. Based on this experiment, it can be seen that level substrate with Km value have not produced optimal lactic acid.


Maceral compositions vary in sedimentary rocks under the influences of sedimentary environments, transport processes and relative sea-level changes. This paper characterizes the relationship between maceral compositions and depositional systems, such as fluvial, estuary and shelf-shoreface on the basis of facies analysis of the Pliocene to Pleistocene Uonuma Group and the Pleistocene Haizume Formation distributed in the Higashikubiki Hills, Niigata Prefecture. Maceral composition in shelf-shoreface system is characterized by abundant vitrinite and NFA(non-fluorescent amorphous kerogen), while estuary system sediments are characterized by abundant sporinite and cutinite. This evidence shows that sporinite and cutinite are deposited in an enclosed estuary system. Macerals of fluvial system sediments are composed mainly of terrigenous macerals of kerogen, such as vitrinite, sporinite and cutinite with very rare NFA. NFA might be formed from some terrigenous organic matter under an influence of sea water, since its concentration increases gradually from the fluvial to the marine environment.


The information bottleneck principle was recently proposed as a theory meant to explain some of the training dynamics of deep neural architectures. Via information plane analysis, patterns start to emerge in this framework, where two phases can be distinguished: fitting and compression. We take a step further and study the behaviour of the spatial entropy characterizing the layers of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), in relation to the information bottleneck theory. We observe pattern formations which resemble the information bottleneck fitting and compression phases. From the perspective of semiotics, also known as the study of signs and sign-using behavior, the saliency maps of CNN's layers exhibit aggregations: signs are aggregated into supersigns and this process is called semiotic superization. Superization can be characterized by a decrease of entropy and interpreted as information concentration. We discuss the information bottleneck principle from the perspective of semiotic superization and discover very interesting analogies related to the informational adaptation of the model. In a practical application, we introduce a modification of the CNN training process: we progressively freeze the layers with small entropy variation of their saliency map representation. Such layers can be stopped earlier from training without a significant impact on the performance (the accuracy) of the network, connecting the entropy evolution through time with the training dynamics of a network.


Abstract The theoretical concepts of industrial district and regional innovation system though closely related, capture different aspects of regional economic development. Given the "nestedness" of a system in other systems, one regional innovation system can support several districts. However, in some cases, districts may be considered as local innovation systems with independent innovation patterns. In fact, the socio-economic characters of industrial districts can be so specific that the region's size and institutional framework may be inadequate in fully describing their innovation processes. In the case of the Italian region of Lombardy, this "autonomous" local innovation system model proliferates.


Taking into account the reception of mobile applications, my degree project is aimed at developing a mobile application to support the learning process during the childhood of the child, the child can interact with the game having the opportunity to access a series of games, each focused on specific point to reinforce. This type of application involved the design and use of the SCRUM methodology that was used step by step during the development process to successfully meet the objectives set within the project and result in an educational application to be used by children.


Ag/Al2O3, Cu/Al2O3 and the combined catalyst (Ag/Al2O3-Cu/Al2O3) were prepared, and their activity for the selective catalytic reduction of NOx by propene in the presence of excess oxygen was measured. Ag/Al2O3 showed excellent NOx to N-2 activity but produced a large amount of CO during the reduction process. Cu/Al2O3 catalyst was not active in the reduction of lean NOx by propene but it was very effective for removing the CO produced in the process. Three different composed ways, Cu/Al2O3 placed after Ag/Al2O3 (Ag/Al2O3Cu/Al2O3), Ag/Al2O3 mechanically mixed with Cu/Al2O3 (Ag/Al2O3 + Cu/Al2O3) and Ag-Cu/Al2O3 catalyst were investigated, respectively. The Ag/Al2O3-Cu/Al2O3 catalyst showed the highest activity for NOx reduction and could also remove CO completely at temperatures higher than 300 degreesC. The presence of water vapor in feed gases lowered the NOx conversion over the combined catalyst but did not show obvious effect on the CO conversion.


Cardboard (10) of vacuum cleaner bag adapted to be attached to a vacuum cleaner bag, the cardboard (10) being arranged to be mounted on a vacuum cleaner bag holder and comprising control means with a stop for place it in a position enabling opening of the cover of the vacuum cleaner during a mounting movement of cardboard (10) on the bag support, characterized in that the stop comprises two ends arranged on both sides following the thrust of a transverse direction with respect to a sliding direction of the stop, and in that the stop control means are two lugs (11a, 11b) each arranged to contact one of the two ends of the stop.


Liver abscess is a rare disease but shows a high mortality rate. The standard treabment is complete drainage of the abscess through surgery or insertion of a percutaneous catheter and proper antibiotic treatment. However, successful percutaneous drainage in a multiseptated abscess has several drawbacks, such as the necessity for inserting more than one catheter for proper drainage, a necessity for repetitive cathterization and moreover, the ultimate failure of effective drainage causing surgery to become inevitable. The authors used 80,000 IU urokinase three times per day over 5 days to lyse the fibrous septum in a 9-year-old child with multiseptated liver abscess. Catheter drainage with urokinase under radiologic intervention yielded successful a outcome in the treatment of a multiseptated liver abscess. (J Korean Surg Soc 2001;60:456-459)


The spatial and temporal study of the spread of emerging infectious diseases is crucial to understand their epidemiology and evaluate the risk of introduction into disease-free areas. In this paper, we present a generic method that models the spread rate of emerging infectious diseases that we applied to Lumpy Skin Disease (LSD), a current epizooty affecting cattle in the Balkans, from May 2015 to July 2016. In the study period, 824 outbreaks of LSD were reported in eight countries. Hotspots of viral transmission were identified mainly south of the Turkish/Greek border, southwest of Bulgaria and south of the Serbian/Bulgarian border. By using Thin Plate Spline Regression (TPSR) to interpolate the week of first invasion, we estimated the spread rate based on the mean duration of time for the infection to spread across a given area (1km). The median spread rate was 7.8km per week, with an interquartile interval of 4.6 to 13.7km and a maximum value reaching 375.6km. The distribution of spread rate indicates two diffusion processes: a localised diffusion covering small distances and suggesting vector transmission, and a diffusion at greater distances possibly due to anthropogenic movement of infected animals. Further research should focus on identifying environmental and socio-economic factors that might influence the spread of LSD to better understand the disease epidemiology and suggest targeted control measures. (Resume d'auteur)


This public lecture was given as part of the Dickens bicentenary celebrations. The original publicity material remains in place at https://rochesterlitfest.com/2012/04/12/exploring-great-expectations


WT5"BZ]A kind of hot-wire style air flow transmitter has been designed and manufactured.Its accuracy is ±1%, and has excellent respond speed. [WT5"HZ]


The brushless slip power recovery Homopolar machine (BSPRHM) is expected to be the dominant wind energy generator. The BSPRHM is one of few machines that are able to provide output voltage of constant frequency regardless of the shaft speed. The field current frequency is the control parameter which helps regulating the output voltage. The inductance matrix is the base stone of the classical machine modeling. As the inductance matrix of the BSPRHM has not been yet identified in any of the published lectures, this work aims to derive the mathematical expression for the BSPRHM inductance matrix. Then a prototype of the BSPRHM is built and the values of its inductance matrix elements are determined through practical experiment. Finally, the evaluated inductance matrix is verified by utilized it together with the classical machine mathematical model and a simulation software to estimate one of the variable in the relation between the BSPRHM armature frequency, field frequency and rotor speed while the other two variables are known. A comparison is carried out among the theoretical, simulation and practical results to prove the accuracy of the proposed BSPRHM inductance matrix.


In November 2017, the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) released new guidelines that lowered BP targets to <130/80 mm Hg for virtually all adults, including patients with CKD. These guidelines were largely on the basis of results from the Systolic BP Intervention


A prototype optical system for compact, high-speed zooming is described. The system is enabled by a pair of MEMS deformable mirrors (DMs), and is capable of high-speed optical zoom without translation of components. We describe experiments conducted with the zoom system integrated with an optical microscope, demonstrating 2.5× zoom capability. Zoom is achieved by simultaneously adjusting focal lengths of the two DMs, which are inserted between an infinity-corrected microscope objective and a tube lens. In addition to zoom, the test system is demonstrated to be capable of automated fine focus control and adaptive aberration compensation. Image quality is measured using contrast modulation, and performance of the system is quantified.


The phenomenon of soil adhesion occurs when soil-tillage implements interact with soil, which often increases the working resistance and energy consumption. It was found that the membranous leaf sheath of rhizoma imperatae can shuttle in soil, owing to not only its own growth force, but also the anti-adhesion function due to the hydrophobicity and special surface texture. In this article, the microstructure and surface wettability of membranous leaf sheath were studied to reveal its anti-adhesion property by testing. The anti-adhesion mechanism of the hydrophobic surface for the static and dynamic state was analyzed. The biomimetic specimens were designed and fabricated using 65Mn steel inspired by membrane leaf sheaths. The hydrophobic surface was obtained on 65Mn steel by the low free energy modification with myristic acid ethanol solution. For comparison, a 65Mn steel sample without modification was also prepared. A linear soil bin filled with clayey soil with the compaction and gravimetric moisture content of 24.5% dry base was constructed to test the soil anti-adhesion properties of biomimetic specimens. In fixed compacted soil with 24.5% moisture content, the weight of adhesive soil on the modified biomimetic surface measured 50% less than that of the control specimens flat plate surface with modification and NO. 10.


Objective To explore the regulation of hypothalamus-pituitary axis on interdigestive migrating motor complex(MMC).Methods In vivo gastric-motility-recording method was used to observe the changes of MMC in rats after resection of pituitary,and after injection of motilin in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus(HPVN).Immunofluorescence histochemical staining was applied to detect the expressions of motilin in pituitary.Results In the normal rats,after injection of motilin in HPVN,the frequency of gastric MMC accelerated(t=3.50,P0.01).After injection of mixed liquor of motilin and GM109 in HPVN,the MMC was not changed significantly as compared with after injection of combination of NS and GM109(t=0.70,P0.05).Two days after hypophysectomy,the frequency of gastric MMC slowed down greatly(t=2.34,P0.05).The frequency of the MMC increased after motilin injection in HPVN versus NS injection in HPVN in hypophysectomized rats(t=4.39,P0.01),but the frequency of that decreased versus shame removal of the pituitary plus injection of motilin in HPVN(t=2.15,P0.05).There was a great quantity of motilin immunization positive expressions in pituitary tissue of the rats.Conclusion Motilin involves in the regulation of gastric motility during interdigestive of hypothalamic-pituitary axis.


Immune dysfunction is an important feature of multiple myeloma (MM). Characterization of lymphocytic infiltrates, comparing precursor, early & later disease stages, indicate that the anti-myeloma immune response evolves in conjunction with the progression of disease, while distinctive patterns identified in the infiltrating immune population have prognostic relevance (Pessoa de Magalhaes, Vidriales et al. 2013, Paiva, Mateos et al. 2016).The primary objective of this project is to characterize the marrow-infiltrating lymphocytic and myeloid populations to identify specific patterns of immune dysregulation & a biomarker signature that will guide predictions of efficacy of different immunotherapeutic modalities.(Willenbacher et al. 2016, Kini Bailur, Mehta et al. 2017).
 Patient samples are identified for inclusion based on clinical assessment parameters: detection of a monoclonal gammopathy, the presence or absence of end-organ damage indicative of active/symptomatic MM, and <2 prior lines of therapy. 15 Healthy donor samples were acquired from volunteers with no evidence of hematologic malignancy. Disease status was categorized as precursor MGUS stage, newly diagnosed untreated MM (NDMM), pre-transplant MM (PreT-MM) and 90 days post-transplant MM (D90-MM).Infiltrating leukocyte populations are isolated from 20ml of fresh bone marrow aspirates and analyzed by multi-parameter flow cytometry. Lymphocytes are analyzed for subset composition, memory/effector maturation & exhaustion.The myeloid component analyzes the monocytic and granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells, M1/M2 macrophages, dendritic cells and neutrophils. To date, 38 samples for lymphoid and 56 for the myeloid panel have been analyzed. All calculations and data analysis are performed in the industry standard bioinformatics platform, FlowJo v10.6.Dimensionality reduction is run for visualization of high parameter data using the t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (tSNE) algorithm. X-shift unsupervised clustering is employed to identify populations in an unbiased manner. Unsupervised clusters are compared and contrasted relative to known biomarkers of interest within the ClusterExplorer platform and batched across tSNE space in contrast to: subjects, conditions & manually defined gating. The immunologic parameters are compared to histologic, molecular and genetic features of disease as detailed by the biopsy report & to the extended longitudinal clinical course of the patient (disease progression & response to therapy).
 Classical flow analysis of the myeloid panel clearly reveals significant changes occurring in the G-MDSC population with disease progression. tSNE-based unsupervised analysis show increases in CD4 T effector cells in NDMM patients, but the differences in the CD4 memory compartment in MGUS suggest that these variations in T cells may originate during premalignancy. The expression of CD95 on CD4 cells is downregulated with disease progression. In addition to changes in T cells, we observe changes in innate cells- NDMM samples show an increase in a CD194+NK cell population which may represent a transitional population expanded during pathological tumor growth. With recent studies suggesting that innate cells could be targets for immune-modulatory drugs, this opens a new avenue. Taken together, this data illustrates complex alterations in the immune landscape from a premalignant to malignant stage, implicating that engaging the immune system early in the evolution of clinical MM may improve the potential of durable remissions.
 Kini Bailur, J., et al. (2017). "Changes in bone marrow innate lymphoid cell subsets in monoclonal gammopathy: target for IMiD therapy." Blood Adv1(25): 2343-2347.
 Paiva, B., et al. (2016). "Immune status of high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma patients and its therapeutic modulation under LenDex: a longitudinal analysis." Blood127(9): 1151-1162.
 Pessoa de Magalhaes, R. J., et al. (2013). "Analysis of the immune system of multiple myeloma patients achieving long-term disease control by multidimensional flow cytometry." Haematologica98(1): 79-86.
 Willenbacher, W., et al. (2016). "Bone marrow microenvironmental CD4 + and CD8 + lymphocyte infiltration patterns define overall- and progression free survival in standard risk multiple myeloma--an analysis from the Austrian Myeloma Registry." Leuk Lymphoma57(6): 1478-1481.

 Shain: AbbVie: Research Funding; Janssen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Bristol-Myers Squibb: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Adaptive Biotechnologies: Consultancy; Amgen: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Takeda: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Sanofi Genzyme: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees. Brayer:Janssen: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau; BMS: Consultancy, Speakers Bureau.


This research aimed at describing particular problems faced by Instructor and Housekeeping students. The design of this research was a descriptive qualitative research. The data were gained by doing observation, by giving questionnaires and interview in an attempt to find out the problems faced by the instructor and students. The result of this research showed that, the problem face by the students and instructor are: (1) students difficult to use the target language, (2) students do not want to talk, (3) students keep using their own language, (4) difficult to handle students in larger class, and (5) materials less appropriate with the students' need. Solutions provided from those problems are: (1) encourage students' interactions, (2) make communicative speaking activities, and (3) plan speaking activities carefully. This study, however, was limited to the problem and solutions in teaching speaking. Further research studies need to be conducted regarding to the process of Instructor's delivering/ teaching ESP using those solutions. Therefore it was suggested to the other researchers to conduct a research study on this matter.


The invention discloses an active user set maintenance system and method based on a time wheel and a player heartbeat, and relates to the technical field of maintenance of an active user set in live broadcast. The method comprises the steps of: recording heartbeat information by each user terminal and reporting the heartbeat information to a live broadcast platform server; caching and pre-processing the heartbeat information by the live broadcast platform server, and transmitting the heartbeat information to a distributed real-time calculation module by means of a plurality of pieces of data; analyzing and verifying the heartbeat information by the distributed real-time calculation module, and adding users corresponding to the heartbeat information which passes the verification to an active user set slice corresponding to the current time; and taking an active calculation time period as a cycle by an active user set function module, and updating the active user set slice corresponding to the current time to the created time wheel periodically. According to the active user set maintenance system and the method based on the time wheel and the player heartbeat provided by the invention, the active user set is updated and maintained based on the player heartbeat and the time wheel, which is not only timely and efficiently, but also causes no larger load on the system.


The invention provides a preprocessing method for distributing navigation electronic map service information and a device thereof, belonging to the field of a technology for processing spatial data. The method comprises the following steps: according to the information category of navigation information to be distributed, selecting a navigation information coding strategy and a navigation information distributing strategy, which are correspond to the information category of the navigation information to be distributed; and according to the selected the navigation information coding strategy, setting the broadcasting frequency and/or broadcasting priority of navigation information stream data, and processing the navigation information with the proper navigation information coding strategy and the a navigation information distributing strategy before distributing, so as to provide more intuitional navigation information for customers.


Through the investigation in the nature and the man-made korean pine forest about the macrofungi and the variability of main pathology,in the nature korean pine forest,the macrofungi is 211 specise,and the most serious forest pathology are the root and butt rot pathology;in the man-make korean pine forest,the macrofungi is 47 species,and the main forest disease are the trunk and the leaf pathology.In the man-make kornean pine forest,for the tree species are single,this decrease the species of macrofungi,then form the high density and big area suitable host to fit to the epidemics of the forest disease,these are all make the serious occurence of the infectious diseases.It shows that the biodiversity of macrofungi are change along with the lpant biodiversity variety in the forest.


BACKGROUND
The influenza A virus is the most important human pathogen affecting respiratory tract in children and has been prevalent for more than a century.

OBJECTIVES
To describe epidemiological and clinical features in hospitalized children with acute respiratory infection caused by a novel swine-origin influenza virus (S-OIV) and seasonal influenza virus A (IVA).

MATERIAL AND METHODS
A total of 1,074 nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) samples were collected from children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infections. The RNAs of S-OIV and seasonal IVA in the samples were examined using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTS
The presence of IVA was detected in 105 samples (9.8%), including S-OIV in 15 samples (1.4%) and seasonal IVA in the remaining samples (8.4%). The incidence of both viral infections was lower in autumn and winter. The rates of severe pneumonia in patients with S-OIV and seasonal IVA were 6.7% and 15.6%, respectively. In total, 14 out of 90 seasonal IVA-positive cases were categorized as severe pneumonia and 1 out of 15 S-OIV-positive cases as severe bronchiolitis. Five samples were found to have single S-OIV infection among 15 S-OIV-positive cases, while other respiratory viruses were detected in the other 9 samples. Twenty-one samples were found to be single seasonal-IVA-positive among the 90 seasonal-IVA-positive cases. Underlying heart conditions (odds ratio (OR) = 13.60), wheezing (OR = 6.82) and co-infection with adenovirus (OR = 6.21) were risk factors for developing severe pneumonia in seasonal IVA patients.

CONCLUSIONS
Children younger than 2 years appeared to be susceptible to both kinds of viral infection. Diagnoses of non-severe respiratory tract infection were mainly made for patients with S-OIV and IVA infection. Underlying heart conditions, wheezing and co-infection with adenovirus increase the risk of developing severe pneumonia in seasonal IVA patients.


We study the motion of a colloidal particle as it is driven by an oscillating external force of arbitrary amplitude and frequency through a colloidal dispersion. Large amplitude oscillatory flows (LAOFs) are examined predominantly from a phenomenological perspective in which experimental measurements inform constitutive models. Here, we investigate a LAOF from a microstructural perspective by connecting motion of the probe particle to the material response while making no assumptions a priori about how stress relaxes in the material. The suspension exerts nonconservative, hydrodynamic forces on the probe, while distortions in the particle configuration exert conservative forces: Brownian and interparticle forces, for example. The relative importance of each of these contributions to particle motion evolves with the degree of displacement from equilibrium. When the force on the probe is weak, the linear microviscoelasticity of the suspension is probed [see, e.g., Khair and Brady, J. Rheol. 49, 1449–1481 (2005)]. When oscillation rate is slow, the steady microrheology is probed [see, e.g., Squires and Brady, Phys. Fluids 17, 073101 (2005); Khair and Brady, J. Fluid Mech. 557, 73–117 (2006)]. This article develops a micromechanical model that recovers these limiting cases and then uses the same model to reveal the microrheology of colloidal dispersions deformed by a probe driven with arbitrary force amplitude and frequency. A chief result of this work is the discovery of a regime in which the resistance to motion of the probe particle is on average weaker than the resistance the probe experiences when deformed by high frequency oscillation. This hypoviscous effect arises when the reciprocating motion of the probe particle opens a channel free of other particles which is thus less resistive to probe motion. This effect is most apparent under the conditions of strong forces, rapid oscillation, and large extent of deformation.


Electrical measurements have been carried out at various temperatures (T) and electric fields (F) on field-effect transistor (FET) devices having thin films of dimethyl-substituted oligothiophenes of tetramer to hexamer. The mobility is strongly dependent on temperature and electric field. The temperature dependence of the mobility (\ensuremath{\mu}) follows the simple Arrhenius relationship: \ensuremath{\mu} is proportional to exp(-W/kT) where W is an activation energy. The activation energy decreases with increasing electric fields as ${\mathit{F}}^{1/2}$. Electron spin resonance and x-ray studies indicate that the charged form of the oligothiophenes can be characterized as molecular polarons. Consequently, we have analyzed the charge transport results using a polaron theory. On the basis of the FET results correlated with the optical data, we show that the charge transport is described in terms of the hopping of polarons.


2-Aminopurine (2AP) is a fluorescent nucleobase analogue of the DNA nucleobase adenine and can be inserted in place of adenine into nucleic acids with minimal structural perturbation. The inserted 2-aminopurine can be selectively excited, and the fluorescence observed used as a sensitive probe for local structure, in addition selec- tive ionization of 2-aminopurine within a nucleic acid is possible and once formed the ionized 2-aminopurine will oxidize nearby guanine bases, providing a route to study charge transfer within nucleic acids. Time resolved infrared spectroscopy is a powerful tool to study oxidation processes on picosecond, and longer timescales. There is a lack of availability of high quality IR spectra in the literature of the individual, short lived, photoproducts, required to fully elucidate the mechanism of the interaction of photoionized 2-aminopurine with guanine. Density functional theory (DFT) methods (B3LYP/6–31G + (d) and EDF1/6–31G + (d)) have been used to calculate the energies and infrared spectra of 2-aminopurine, guanine and potential photoproducts that may result from photoionization reactions between 2-aminopurine and guanine. Direct comparison can therefore be made be- tween areas of bleaching of bands in the IR spectra of 2-aminopurine or guanine and the appearance of new transient bands of potential photoproducts. These potential photoproducts could include deprotonated neutral radical species, deprotonated anion species, radical cations and radical anions. It was found in the current work that the key intermediates in the oxidation reaction between photoionized 2-aminopurine and guanine were: 2AP • ( − H ,N2) (formed from deprotonation from the 2AP • + amino group); G • ( − H ) (formed from deprotonation from the N1 nitrogen, or possibly the amino group, of the initially formed G • + ), and 2AP − ( − H ,N2) (formed from the reduction of 2AP • ( − H ,N2) by guanine).


Protein availability in India is 71.5 g/day/capita but average consumption is approximate equal to51 g/day/capita due to losses incurred from production to consumption. Microbial contamination of foodgrains may indicate possible presence of toxins causing allergies, asthma etc. The use of an activated clay containing meta-hydrogen halloysite at -1% and tricalcium phosphate with glucose and pyridoxine at 0.2% controls infestation and provides necessary minerals. Heavy storage losses caused by rodents can be controlled by making warehouses rodent-proof and using baits. Outdated milling techniques cause losses of rice and legumes; yield could be raised by 3% and 10-15% respectively by using efficient equipment. Extraction of oil from rice bran would make it suitable for animal feed. Supplementation of milk, and substitution of vegetable proteins is mentioned. Control measures will have max. effect at village level where over 70% of the food is stored and consumed, and should be included in existing community development.


Analogues of the Berkson-Porta formula for the infinitesimal generator of a one-parameter semigroup of holomorphic maps of the unit disc into itself are obtained in the case when, along with a Denjoy-Wolff point, there also exist other fixed points. With each one-parameter semigroup a so-called Koenigs function is associated, which is a solution, common for all elements of the one-parameter semigroup, of a certain functional equation (Schröder's equation in the case of an interior Denjoy-Wolff point and Abel's equation in the case of a boundary Denjoy-Wolff point). A parametric representation for classes of Koenigs functions that takes account of the Denjoy-Wolff point and other fixed points of the maps in the one-parameter semigroup is presented. Bibliography: 19 titles.


The relationship of various types of weighted generalized inverse of matrices over semirings are discussed.Some necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of the weighted Moore-Penrose inverses are given. Also,the relevent conditions of uniqueness are supplied if it exists.


The utility model discloses a fan housing of a blower, which comprises a fan housing main body and a sheathing part which is integrally formed with the fan housing main body and is sheathed with a wind outlet of the blower, wherein the lower end of the fan housing main body is connected with a base cover; and the sheathing part is internally provided with a wind force and wind direction adjusting sheet, an adjusting valve for adjusting the wind force and wind direction adjusting sheet is arranged on the sheathing part, the front end of the adjusting vale is provided with an adjustment clamping opening for clamping the wind force and wind direction adjusting sheet, and the adjusting vale is clamped and matched with the wind force and wind direction adjusting sheet by the adjustment clamping opening. The fan housing has the advantages of being simple in structure, ingenious in design, good in blowing effect and the like.


In January 2012, the US administration released new strategic guidance for the Department of Defense entitled 'Sustaining US Global Leadership: Priorities for 21st Century Defense'. Two different security approaches seem to coincide in this document. By providing a governmental reading of the new strategic guidance, the aim of this article is to discuss if and how the guidance links a sovereign security understanding of great power politics on one side to governmental rationalities on the other. First, the guidance is discussed with regard to its main aims and strategies; then, second, the impact of governmentality in the guidance is revealed and systematized. Finally, the function that governmental logics have in the document, and the conceptual and political role that the minimally mediated encounter of sovereign (military) power politics with governmental rationalities plays, are considered.


What influences asylum decision making and why is there such variation in the US context? In Immigration Judges and U.S. Asylum Policy, Banks Miller, Linda Camp Keith and Jennifer S. Holmes enhance understanding of how US immigration judges make decisions on asylum applications and the factors that can lead to such disparate outcomes. Anna Matczak welcomes the scholarship as evidencing how asylum decisions are less shaped by human rights commitments than by overarching policy concerns.


Abstract. The large eddy simulations employing the SUBMESO model with the urban soil layer model SM2-U were performed for the model domain covering the Danish Island of Sealand and including the Copenhagen metropolitan area. Monthly and diurnal cycle variability were studied for the net radiation, sensible and storage heat fluxes, surface's temperatures, and others. These were evaluated for selected urban vs. non urban related types of covers/surfaces and urban districts such as city center, high buildings, industrial, and residential. Results showed strong effects of urban features on temporal and spatial variability. They are useful and applicable for verification of numerical weather prediction models and development of urban canopy parameterizations.


Objective:To evaluate the application value of ultrasound-guided thrombin injection(UGTI) against simple compression repair in the treatment of small interventional femoral pseudoaneurysms(PSA).Methods:Thirty patients with small interventional femoral arterial pseudoaneurysms firstly received simple compression repair.The pressure should not beyond the endurability of the patients and the throbbing of the feet arterial should be palpable.With 48 hours of compression,12 patients have been cured with satisfactory outcomes.The rest eighteen patients,who can not endure the therapy or who haven't been successfully cured,received percutaneous puncture with 20 G needle under ultrasound guidance,and were treated by intracavitary thrombin injection.The concentration of thrombin injection was 200 U/ml,the total volume dose was no more than 500 U.Results:Twelve patients were successfully cured at the first time by simple compression repair.No recurrence and complication were found in a three-month followup.The other eighteen patients,who can not endure the therapy or who haven't been successfully cured by this therapy,were successfully treated afterwards by ultrasound-guided thrombin injection(UGTI).No complication occurred during the operations or after the operations.and no recurrence and complication were found in a three-month followup.Conclusion:During the treatment of interventional femoral pseudoaneurysms(PSA),simple compression repair is first recommended if the body of PSA is small,and the neck is narrow.Otherwise it should be treated by thrombin injection under sonographic guidance for better outcomes.


We thank Professor Amiot for his interest in our study and his comments pertaining to the use of HLA-DQA1*05 genotyping for assessing the need for co-immunosuppression.1,2 We agree that immunogenicity is not the sole determinant of infliximab loss of response. Other causes include low drug concentrations and/or exposure due to non-immune pharmacokinetic mechanisms, activation of non-tumor necrosis factor-α pathways and the coexistence of other disease processes such as irritable bowel syndrome or infection.3-6 In our study, factors affecting infliximab exposure such as dose, interval, weight and use of combination therapy were accounted for in the multivariable analysis and the HLA-DQA1*05 genotype remained an independent predictor of loss of response. Indeed, treatment discontinuation is not synonymous with immunogenicity as a multitude of factors may contribute to discontinuation of infliximab over the course of a patient's care. Adverse drug events, patient preference, loss of response as previously described, in addition to immunogenicity, may all play a role. In our data set, co-immunosuppression appeared to reduce the risk of infliximab anti-drug antibody formation in variant carriers, while having little impact on wild-type individuals. Similarly, co-immunosuppression was associated with a reduction in loss of response and treatment discontinuation in variant carriers, while no apparent difference was seen in these outcomes between wild type individuals with or without co-immunosuppression. The effect of co-immunosuppression was outlined in Tables S2 and S3 of the original manuscript.2 Specifically, co-immunosuppression was estimated to reduce the risk of infliximab loss of response and infliximab treatment discontinuation in variant and nonvariant carriers by 28% (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.43-1.2, P = 0.2) and 27% (HR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.471.13, P = 0.16). A figure that further demonstrates this finding, in terms of proportion of patients who remain (Figure 1A) or lose response (Figure 1B) to infliximab over time is provided as a part of our reply. These findings did not achieve statistical significance; however, they suggest that not everyone benefits from infliximab combination therapy and that more targeted strategies need to be studied and applied. Additionally, we respectfully correct Professor Amiot in his report of infliximab anti-drug antibody rates in our study population. The rate of infliximab anti-drug antibody formation was 25.4% in variant carriers vs 4.5% in wild-type individuals. Multivariable analysis revealed that variant carrier status was highly associated with antibody formation independent of other relevant variables including combination therapy.2 Lastly, we agree that a drug-sensitive ELISA may underestimate the incidence of anti-drug antibodies in our population; however, this is the test available to clinicians in practice and thus most closely mimics the real-world situation. Ultimately, HLA-DQA1*05 genotyping appears to be an important predictor of infliximab immunogenicity and other outcomes. There may be benefit for its use for the application of combination therapy or for the withdrawal of the immunomodulator as Professor Amiot suggests. As outlined in our paper, further study is needed to determine the utility of HLA-DQA1*05 genotyping as a clinically actionable tool.


Cerebral blood flow (CBF) becomes pulsatile in response to pulsatile change in perfusion pressure which is regulated by cerebrovascular impedance. In this study, we aimed to characterize age-related differences in cerebrovascular impedance across the adult lifespan. Carotid artery pressure (CAP, via applanation tonometry) and CBF velocity in the middle cerebral artery (CBFV, via transcranial Doppler) were measured in 148 healthy adults (21-79 years, 62% women). Cerebrovascular impedance was quantified using transfer function analysis. Coherence between changes in CBFV and CAP was higher than 0.90 in the frequency range of 0.78-2.73 Hz, suggesting linear dynamic relationship between these two variables. Impedance modulus at the first harmonics of CBFV and CAP oscillations (Z1, 0.78-1.56 Hz), reflected mainly heart rate frequency, was 20 % higher in the old (> 64 years, P=0.002) and 13 % higher in the middle-aged (45-64 years, P=0.08) than young individuals (<45 years). In addition, Z1 was 24% higher in men than women (P<0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that Z1 is negatively associated with systolic (β=-0.470), diastolic (β=-0.418), pulsatile (β=-0.374), and mean CBFV (β=-0.473) (P<0.001 for all) after adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). These results suggest that older age and male sex are associated with higher cerebrovascular impedance than young individuals which may contribute to brain hypoperfusion.


Images may be corrupted by salt and pepper impulse noise during image acquisitions or transmissions. Although promising denoising performances have been recently obtained with sparse representations, how to restore high-quality images remains challenging and open. In this work, image sparsity is enhanced with a fast multiclass dictionary learning, and then both the sparsity regularization and robust data fidelity are formulated as minimizations of L0-L0 norms for salt and pepper impulse noise removal. Additionally, a numerical algorithm of modified alternating direction minimization is derived to solve the proposed denoising model. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the compared state-of-the-art ones on preserving image details and achieving higher objective evaluation criteria.


This review of North Korea's Airirang Mass Games presents a primary account and analysis of a performance unlike anything and unseen anywhere else in the contemporary world. This review contributes to the beginning of a conversation about this performance that has been nearly inaccessible and unavailable to most people, including most other academic researchers or commentators, outside of North Korea. It is arranged into a first-hand descriptive account and then an analysis of the Arirang Mass Games.This review analyses the Arirang Mass Games through a discussion of the materialization, enactment, and embodiment of the regime's ethnocentric Communist ideology and culture. This analysis draws upon the work of performance philosophers and the work of other scholars and journalists, who have either analyzed and/or also attended the games, to start connecting the ways in which this performance can be regarded as the material embodiment of North Korean culture, national identity, and ideology, or at least the regime's construction and fantasy of these aspects of the country.This review does not aim to provide justifications for or intend to give support to the North Korean government. Its purpose instead is twofold: first, to help shed light on a spectacular performance that few people outside of North Korea have experienced in such a little known or little understood country; and second, to present a perspective on repetition established in such an isolated and mysterious place, at least compared to the relative openness of most other countries, that few other individuals have personally experienced.


Objectives: To evaluate the short-term efficacy of triple antibiotics on eradicating H.pylori from peptic ulcer patients. Design: Prospective study. Patients and methods: Peptic ulcer patients of both sexes were included if they were H.pylori positive on culture and/or histology and were aged between between 18-75 years. Patients were excluded if they had severe coagulopathy, if the females were pregnant and if antibiotics or non-sterioidal anti-inflammatory drugs had been recently used. All patients received a combination of metronidazole 500 mg PO t.i.d., amoxicillin 500 mg PO q.i.d., both for 2 weeks and bismuth subcitrate colloidal 120 mg PO q.i.d. for 4 weeks, in addition to ranitidine 300 mg PO at night for 6 weeks. Eradication of H.pylori was defined as absence of the organism in both histology and culture 6 weeks after completing triple therapy. H.pylori susceptibility was performed using the disc diffusion method. Results: forty-nine patients; 38 males, mean age 41.4 11 years and 11 females, mean age 40.3 15 years were included. Eighty-four percent of peptic ulcers had healed by the end of the study period. However, only 49% of H.pylori was successfully eradicated. Overall metronidazole resistance was encountered in 45.7% of H.pylori isolate. Females harbored resistant strains more frequently than males, 77.8% versus 34.6%, respectively (p=0.03). Conclusions: Metronidazole based triple therapy has a low success rate which is most likely secondary to H.pylori resistance.


Amyloid fibrils have recently been considered as an interesting material, since they exhibit the excellent mechanical properties such as elastic modulus in the order of 10 GPa, which is larger than that of other protein materials. Despite recent findings of these excellent mechanical properties for amyloid fibrils, it has not been fully understood how these excellent mechanical properties are achieved. In this work, we have studied the nanomechanical deformation behaviors and properties of amyloid fibrils such as their elastic modulus as well as fracture strength, by using atomistic simulations, particularly steered molecular dynamics simulations. Our simulation results suggest the important role of the length of amyloid fibrils in their mechanical properties such that the fracture force of amyloid fibril is increased when the fibril length decreases. This length scale effect is attributed to the rupture mechanisms of hydrogen bonds that sustain the fibril structure. Moreover, we have investigated the effect of boundary condition on the nanomechanical deformation mechanisms of amyloid fibrils. It is found that the fracture force is critically affected by boundary condition. Our study highlights the crucial role of both fibril length and boundary condition in the nanomechanical properties of amyloid fibrils.


Attempts have been made in this paper to present some discussions on specific antenna structures suitable for subsurface communication. A brief outline of the salient features regarding subsurface propagation is also given. The first section covers, in brief, the different modes of subsurface propagation, choice of a suitable operating frequency range, antenna depth, etc. Next the important observations made by different investigators have been summarized (a detailed bibliography has been given at the end of the paper). The results of the investigations carried out by the authors at IIT, Kharagpur, on buried antennas have been discussed in the following sections. The transmission line theory is applied in obtaining the input impedance of the linear buried antenna. An expression for the propagation constant along this transmission line is obtained. The expressions for the far-zone electric fields along the interface of earth to air due to a subsurface linear antenna and a subsurface helical antenna are als...


The information of the distribution of occupant in an indoor environment is important for building energy saving under normal conditions and for evacuation under emergent conditions, and thus is of great practical interest. Due to low set-up cost, wireless sensor networks powered by batteries are usually used for such estimation. The question is how to activate the sensors to minimize the estimation error within a given period of time. In this paper we develop an event-based activation policy which can be easily implemented in a decentralized way. We use numerical experiments to compare this policy with four other policies and to demonstrate the impact of various factors on the performance of these policies, such as the topology, sensor accuracy, battery capacity, occupant movement model, and occupant population. Our method outperforms the other policies in all the tested scenarios.


The method of adjustable bias which means adjusting the bias of LNA (Low Noise Amplifier) according to the amplitude of the receiving signal is one of the effective approaches for enlarging LNA's dynamic range. This method is analyzed theoretically, and three technologies are adopted in realization of this method, including: applying current mirror to provide the bias current, designing matching circuit properly and employing a selection algorithm to choose the range of the bias carefully. According to the measurement results, the designed LNA has an excellent performance: the noise figure is 1.46dB, and IIP3 is 20.38dBm. The dynamic range of this LNA achieves 99.29dB, which is 7.97dB higher than that of traditional one. It is verified that method of adjustable bias is suitable for enlarging LNA's dynamic range.


Narrative Analysis of the 3-Year Recovery of Superstorm Sandy Survivors by Joanne H. Fortune MS, Long Island University, C. W. Post Campus, 2005 BS, Long Island University, C. W. Post Campus, 2002 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Clinical Psychology Walden University August 2018 Abstract Although research has been conducted on the short-term effects of natural and humanmade disasters on individuals and families, few researchers have examined the experiences of families during the recovery and rebuilding process when stressors may continue on many levels, sometimes for years later. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the experience of recovery for families during the 3-year period followingAlthough research has been conducted on the short-term effects of natural and humanmade disasters on individuals and families, few researchers have examined the experiences of families during the recovery and rebuilding process when stressors may continue on many levels, sometimes for years later. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the experience of recovery for families during the 3-year period following Superstorm Sandy in 2012 through the theoretical lens of Bronfenbrenner's bioecological perspective. A narrative approach was used in order to understand the experience of natural disaster recovery and the meaning of recovery and coping for these families. Families in the surrounding area of Long Beach, New York were invited to participate. Six families who experienced Superstorm Sandy shared their experiences through interviews. Common themes were found among participants during the preparation for the storm, throughout the storm, and again during identified stages in the recovery process. Participants displayed both positive and negative coping styles and rated the helpfulness of various interventions. Findings from the study suggest that future researchers should focus on understanding the individual factors that may affect the decision to prepare for and evacuate during a large-scale natural disaster. The results of this study can be used by support services staff to develop and target interventions that address the common themes identified during the long-term recovery process. More effective interventions may lessen the length and intensity of suffering. Additionally, highlighting the importance of disaster preparedness may encourage individuals and communities to better prepare for disasters, possibly diminishing damage and losses. Narrative Analysis of the 3-Year Recovery of Superstorm Sandy Survivors by Joanne H. Fortune MS, Long Island University, C. W. Post Campus, 2005 BS, Long Island University, C. W. Post Campus, 2002 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Clinical Psychology Walden University August 2018 Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to my family. First, this is for my parents, who have always instilled in me patience, perseverance, and the love of learning. I am eternally grateful for the foundation that was set for me early in life. Second, to my sister, who has taught me the importance of work and family balance: You have been an amazing role model. Third, to my husband, who spent countless hours supporting me, proofreading, and formatting, as well as occupying our spirited son while I worked. Lastly, this study is dedicated to my son Dominic. You are my joy and my motivation to continuously strive for more. Acknowledgments This study would not have been possible without the support and guidance of my dissertation chair, Dr. Susan Marcus. Her never-ending positivity, knowledge, and continuous support were integral in this process. She was always encouraging and supportive, while helping to set realistic expectations. I am also grateful to my dissertation committee member, Dr. Mona Hanania, who also provided support throughout this study. I am thankful to the others at Walden University whom I had the pleasure of working with, whether it was for writing, formatting, or research. To my sister-in-law Dr. Nicole Fortune, thank you for always being encouraging and for providing me with guidance during this process. Finally, thank you to my family and friends who understood the importance of my dream to complete my doctoral degree: to my parents who encouraged my thirst for knowledge and supported my goals to instill change in the world and to my sister and husband who were always there when I needed encouragement. And to my son Dominic, who provides endless motivation.


The article introduced the renovation method about two parts in the rolling shaft paper-pipe fixerand direct bearing for changing shaft in detail, which reduced production costs and raised the unit′s production efficiency.


When you change the way you look at things, the things you look at change-MaxPlank 1 Our view of tropes is that they are rhetoric's own unique resources, but for ineluctable historiographical reasons have been more or less closed off from the production of theory. Our "trope project" began simply enough. If the workings of tropes could be identified in a new way, then the aim and purpose of rhetoric could be retheorized in terms new to democratic deliberation. Working under the slogan "Yes, tropes-but all of them," 2 we attempted a new classification system based on the Greek roots of hundreds of tropes listed in various old and new sources such as Bernard Dupriez's A Dictionary of Literary Devices, A-Z and Richard Lanham's A Handlist of Rhetorical Tenns, respectively. Our suggestion led us to create charts of tropes. Eventually after several starts, we organized a heck of a lot of tropes in relation to their function specified by their root domain. Metaphor fell under the category of the root phora; anastrophe under strophe; and antimetabole under bole. The work was tedious. We quit working on it from time to time. Our trope project seemed to be getting us closer and closer to just compiling pages and pages of excel spreadsheets, but all the while farther from our question, how do tropes work? One day, unexpectedly, we discovered through our root work that a connection exists between the trope antistrophe and katastrophe. 3 Bascially, katastrophe is a subset of antistrophe which effectively binds them uniquely. The binding sequence appears in Aristotle's Rhetoric and functions in a static XI XII Introduction model straight away to originate and uphold a theory of civic discourse. When we recognized this, we were stunned and began down another route. We are jumping ahead of ourselves. We should start over, at the very beginning. When we met some twenty years ago, Jane, writing on the history and theory of rhetoric, was immersed in the study of Aristotle's Physics. Mari Lee, a doctoral student in rhetoric, wondered why. She learned that Jane was trying to figure something out about Aristotle's view of contingency in rhetoric. Jane was finding from Aristotle's idea of an earth at rest that his rhetoric was not only built for a polis but also that it was designed in the earth's model. That is, Rhetoric, the polis, and the earth are interconnected. In …


Predictors and outcomes of male harassment and hostility toward women (woman-unfriendly experiences) were analyzed for professional and blue-collar women (N = 805) in three geographic regions. Two central questions were addressed by using multiple regression: Do the same types of variables predict woman-unfriendly experiences across regions? Are there similar job-related and psychological outcomes of woman-unfriendly experiences across regions? Americans reported more such experiences and they affected more outcomes. Scandinavians had fewer woman-unfriendly experiences than Americans, fewer job-related or psychological problems, more autonomy, and better work environments. Former Soviet professionals reported more unfriendly experiences than workers but less than their peers in the other regions. Differences among the regions were attributed to general social and economic policies that have attempted to eradicate gender inequality (Scandinavia), occupational status levelling and traditional gender stereotypes (former USSR), or cultural values of competitiveness and individualism and heightened sensitivity to the issue of sexual harassment (United States).


Indonesia is a country in which the majority is Islam. Based on the data are taken from "The Pew Forum of Religion Public Life", Islam adherents, or can be called Moslems, from Indonesia was 209,1 million or 87,2% from the total population. As such, certifications from The Halal Product Assurance Agency (BPJPH) that state the halal-ability of products (halal) and The National Agency of Drug and Food Control of Republic of Indonesia or NADFC (Indonesian: BPOM) that state the product is safe for consumption (thoyyiban) can help to raise the sales of halal products, in this case, cosmetic. The purpose of this research is for readers to know the implementation of the halal logistic system on PT. PantiKosmetikaBaru. This study was analyzed with the descriptive qualitative method by structural interviewing with the related stakeholder of PT. PantiKosmetikaBaru, retailer and with the customer of their products. With that in mind, we can conclude that the implementation of halal logistic system on cosmetic products from supplier, producer, distribution process, until then its handed to the customer that handled by halal (allowed, acceptable) and thoyyiban (safe, qualified, and clean) means could make the business raising in profit.


Good performance art is work that managed to amaze the public. Successfully influenced public to observe every detail. Instead, the public will demand the uniqueness of the event that makes it willing to pay attention to the performance, detailed for detailed. From the above explanation affirmation finally appeared a question, when a performance art relies heavily once with the right choice of space and how the public (audience or the audience), thus creating a unique event and can amaze the public. In the video performance, no other consciousness to show more conceptual performance: performance scene that has been designed, presented in video media. May be more readily as experimentation on attempted filmed theater, but completely abandoned the live performance itself, because of the possibility of a repetition of the scene to be there. As an avant-garde art (avant garde) as described above," originality" and the seriousness of the challenges of performance art gets a modern capitalist society. Performance art that was originally to be agents of change in the value of the community, the are deflected by spearheading the advertising to market interests.

keywords : performance art, agent of change, ambient media


Background and aim Clinical training is an essential part of nursing education. Its evaluation can deeply affect on its quality and has always been a challenge for nursing education. The aim of this descriptive study was to compare satisfaction of nursing students with two methods of clinical evaluation, namely, objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) and practical examination in faculty of nursing and midwifery affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in Tehran in 2007. Materials and Methods 44 sophomore students in their orthopedic clinical training were selected by convenience sampling method and evaluated by the two evaluation methods. Data were collected by a satisfaction questionnaire in 3 cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains. Content and inter-rater methods were used for validity and reliability of the questionnaire respectively. SPSS package (ver. 13) was used for data analysis. Findings Satisfaction rates of nursing students in the 3 domains were higher in OSCE than in practical examination with a significant difference in achieving educational goals in the domains and in total (P Conclusion In this study, OSCE was used in this group of students for their clinical training for the first time. It seems that this type of evaluation may better satisfy nursing students in their clinical training. Keywords: Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE), Practical examination, Satisfaction of students. * Corresponding Author: Bolourchi fard, Fariba. Lecturer, Dept. of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. E-mail: email@example.com


Aims. We analyze the ratios of the broad hydrogen Balmer emission lines (from H α to H ε ) in the context of estimating the physical conditions in the broad line region (BLR) of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Methods. Our measurements of the ratios of the Balmer emission lines are obtained in three ways: i) using photoionization models obtained with a spectral synthesis code CLOUDY; ii) applying the recombination theory for hydrogenic ions; iii) measuring the lines in observed spectra taken from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey database. We investigate the Balmer line ratios in the framework of the so-called Boltzmann plot (BP), analyzing the physical conditions of the emitting plasma for which we could use the BP method. The BP considers the ratio of Balmer lines normalized to the atomic data of the corresponding line transition, and in that way di ff ers from the Balmer decrement. Results. We find that for a certain range of thermodynamic parameters, there are objects that follow the BP. These AGNs may have a BLR consisting of mostly high density plasma.


With the development of distributed clean energy, HVDC and FACTS, power electronic equipments such as SVC/STATCOM, China's power grid has developed into a large-scale complex power grid. The problem of subsynchronous oscillation (SSO) has become more and more prominent in the modern power system, and many SSO events have happened in China. Furthermore, the possibility of the ultra synchronous oscillation(USO) caused by the power electronic devices is also possible theoretically, but none of the existing measurement systems can offer any useful information about it. In addition, the low frequency signal, such as the DC signal at HVDC substation, and the high frequency signal, such as harmonic and interharmonic component, are not measured in typical wide area measurement system(WAMS). This paper is to introduce a novel wide area and broadband measurement system (WABMS), which is composed of advanced phasor measurement units(PMU), communication network and control center. Besides the function of synchrophasor measurement, this system can also synchronously measure the DC, harmonic and interharmonic signal, record the original waveform continuously, and send the synchronized information to the control center. WABMS is able to monitor the broadband signal from 0Hz to 3000Hz, and can be used for state supervisor of fundamental frequency, harmonic and interharmonic component. Especially, for the prominent SSO problem, this system can detect the SSO event and identify the SSO source.


Despite the fact that ∼70% of bladder cancers are non-invasive and have high recurrence rates, early stage disease is understudied. The relative lack of models to validate the contribution of molecular drivers of bladder tumorigenesis is a significant issue. While mutations in PIK3CA are frequent in human bladder cancer, an in vivo model for understanding their contribution to bladder tumorigenesis is unavailable. Therefore, a Upk2-Cre/Pik3caH1047R mouse model expressing one or two R26-Pik3caH1047R alleles in a urothelium-specific manner was created. Pik3caH1047R functionality was confirmed by quantifying Akt phosphorylation and mice were characterized by assessing urothelial thickness, nuclear atypia, and expression of luminal and basal markers at 6 and 12 months of age. At 6 months, Pik3caH1047R mice developed increased urothelial thickness and nuclear atypia, however, at 12 months, Pik3caH1047R mice did not exhibit progressive disease. Immunohistochemistry shows urothelium maintained luminal differentiation characterized by high Foxa1 and Pparγ expression. In addition, mice were subjected to low-dose carcinogen exposure (N-Butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN)). Surprisingly, Pik3caH1047R mice exhibited no significant differences after exposure relative to mice without exposure. Furthermore, ssGSEA analysis of invasive human tumors showed those with mutant PIK3CA do not exhibit significantly increased PI3K/AKT pathway activity compared to wildtype PIK3CA tumors. Overall, these data suggest that Pik3caH1047R can elicit early tumorigenic changes in the urothelium, but progression to invasion may require additional genetic alterations.


Recently the Rice University SIAM student chapter has published five new 10-digit problems. The intention is that Rice students solve every problem to as many digits of precision as possible. Archetype for this idea was a similar competition1 which culminated in a beautiful book[1].


Many historians argue that the main impetus for the last two hundred years of world history has come from the global political expansion and economic development, however, in this historical development, China and Europe have developed and changed in a reciprocal way. There is no complete opposition or fragmentation in the development of the world and the country, and an in-depth examination of China's transformation in the light of historical developments and the European experience. Consider the limitations of various aspects of the European experience in this process of change in order to think China's development more objectively and intellectually from the perspective of national transformation. An inquiry into the social transformation and future development of modern China can give historical research a contemporary value. In this paper, we analyze the impact of historical development and European experience on China's transformation from the perspective of change, limitation and transformation. Hoping it can give some inspirations and references for history researcher.


Low rank coals are abundant in the U.S. Although their calorific values, mineral matter contents, and coking properties make them less desirable than higher rank coals in some industrial applications, low rank coals are used as feedstocks in coal liquefaction and are coprocessed with higher rank coals for other applications. The desire to use these coal resources more effectively would be aided by an understanding of the intermolecular and surface interactions at mineral-organic and organic-organic coal interfaces. Inverse gas chromatography has been used to quantify the intermolecular forces of Wyodak subbituminous coal.


An excessively large dielectric constant is a challenge to improve the performances of the Fe-based absorbing material. Here, we propose a selective surface oxidation method to reduce the permittivity without sacrificing the permeability, by annealing under 5%H2—95%N2 (H2/N2). It is found that a thin layer of aluminum and silicon oxides formed on the surface of Fe75Si15Al10 particles during annealing in the range of 500–780 °C under H2/N2, thereby leading to an obvious decrease of permittivity of the Fe75Si15Al10 composite. According to Gibbs free energy, aluminum and silicon oxides are formed and iron oxides are reduced during annealing under H2/N2 at above 500 °C. Interestingly, the XPS result shows that the atomic ratio of Fe decreases significantly on the particle surface, which infers that the reduced Fe atoms diffuse to the interior of the particles. The surface oxide layer can protect the inner part of the alloy from further oxidation, which contributes to a high permeability. Meanwhile, the XRD result shows the formation of DO3-type ordering, which leads to the promotion of permeability. The two reasons lead to the improvement of permeability of the Fe75Si15Al10 composite after annealing. The composite is confirmed to have high permeability and low permittivity, exhibiting better electromagnetic wave absorption properties.An excessively large dielectric constant is a challenge to improve the performances of the Fe-based absorbing material. Here, we propose a selective surface oxidation method to reduce the permittivity without sacrificing the permeability, by annealing under 5%H2—95%N2 (H2/N2). It is found that a thin layer of aluminum and silicon oxides formed on the surface of Fe75Si15Al10 particles during annealing in the range of 500–780 °C under H2/N2, thereby leading to an obvious decrease of permittivity of the Fe75Si15Al10 composite. According to Gibbs free energy, aluminum and silicon oxides are formed and iron oxides are reduced during annealing under H2/N2 at above 500 °C. Interestingly, the XPS result shows that the atomic ratio of Fe decreases significantly on the particle surface, which infers that the reduced Fe atoms diffuse to the interior of the particles. The surface oxide layer can protect the inner part of the alloy from further oxidation, which contributes to a high permeability. Meanwhile, the XRD re...


Huxingshan W-Be deposit is a supergiant W-Be deposit which has just been discovered in recent years.In the past there were conflicts in distribution of main ore-bearing strata of the W-Be ore body.Through comparison with regional strata and strata mineralization trace element analysis,this paper verifies that in the mining area the main ore-bearing strata is Niutitang formation of lower Cambrian system instead of Doushantuo formation of Sinian system which was mistaken as the right strata for many years.After looking at the strata in a whole new way,the author believes that the main ore-forming material source in Huxingshan mining area is deep concealed intrusive magmatic rock,and it has nothing to do with metallogenic specialization of strata.Furthermore,the initial judgment of the genesis of Huxingshan tungsten deposit can be regarded as guidance to prospection in the area in the future.


In a standard regression problem, we have a set of explanatory variables whose effect on some response vector is modeled. For wide binary data, such as genetic marker data, we often have two limitations. First, we have more parameters than observations. Second, main effects are not the main focus; instead the primary aim is to uncover interactions between the binary variables that effect the response. Methods such as logic regression are able to find combinations of the explanatory variables that capture higher-order relationships in the response. However, the number of explanatory variables these methods can handle is highly limited. To address these two limitations we need to reduce the number of variables prior to computationally demanding analyses. In this paper, we demonstrate the usefulness of using so-called cross-leverage scores as a means of sampling subsets of explanatory variables while retaining the valuable interactions.


Energy crops offer an opportunity to substantially increase bioenergy resources which can replace rapidly depleting fossil fuel reserves and mitigate the effect of climate change. Energy crops are typically established within traditional agricultural systems such as tillage land or grassland. Associated land use conversion has environmental implications. The aim of this paper is to propose a framework to examine how such environmental implications can be assessed, based on (a) a Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) approach which considers potential impacts at different stages of a plan across a wide range of environmental receptors and (b) a literature review. The example we used was that of Miscanthus replacing grassland farming. This scenario is particularly relevant to Ireland, where over 90% of the agricultural land is permanent pasture, but is also applicable to grassland conversion throughout Europe and the United States. Two consecutive phases of land‐use change were identified for assessment, each with a distinct set of environmental impacts. The first was a transition phase, lasting from initial livestock clearance and grassland ploughing until the Miscanthus crop became established (2–3 years). The second phase was the mature crop phase, lasting up to 25 years. Miscanthus cultivation was more likely to impact negatively on the environment during the transition phase than the mature phase, primarily due to abrupt disturbance and the time required for a new equilibrium to establish. However, a literature review of the impact on the environmental receptors revealed that replacing Irish agricultural grassland with Miscanthus had the potential to improve biodiversity, water, air and soil quality, and climatic factors once the crop became established and reached maturity. In order to confirm these findings an appropriate monitoring programme involving objectives and indicators associated with each environmental receptor would need to be developed.


This paper analyzed the impacts of the sector fund CT AGROBUSINESS and of infrastructure investments over the growth of agricultural productivity in Brazilian states. The results indicate that the effect of each investment depends on the degree of closeness to the technological frontier. This suggests that a well coordinated policy must distribute investments differently depending on the stage of development of each economy. In states farther removed, the need for infrastructure investments is relatively higher compared to expenses with ST & I. The absence of this understanding can lead to an unbalanced policy with costs for convergence.


The global illegal drug trade represents a multi-dimensional challenge that has implications for U.S. national interests as well as the international community. This report discusses U.S. international policy frameworks and approaches in response to the issue.


I should be very much pleased if you could find me something good (meaty) on economic conditions in California.… California is very important for me because nowhere else has the upheaval most shamelessly caused by capitalist centralization taken place with such speed.


In this work we have investigated the frequency and the bias voltage dependence of the electrical responses of organic structures based on poly (triarylamine) (PTAA) thin film using ITO/Organic/Al diode structure. The frequency-dependent and bias voltage-dependent conductance and capacitance were investigated using a precision LCR meter with wide frequency test (10 Hz – 100 kHz) and various bias voltages ranges (0.2 to 5.0 V), respectively. Investigation revealed that conductance was strongly dependent on the frequency and bias voltage-dependent. Conductance was inversely proportional to the capacitance among the frequency. Meanwhile, the capacitance and series resistance were dependent until a certain value at the low frequency region, but the capacitance and series resistance were independent at high frequencies.


A bar-and-joint framework, with rigid bars and flexible joints, is said to be generically isostatic if it has just enough bars to be infinitesimally rigid in some realization in Euclidean n-space. We determine the equation that must be satisfied by the coordinates of the joints in a given realization in order to have a nonzero stress, and hence an infinitesimal motion, in the framework. This equation, called the pure condition, is expressed in terms of certain determinants, called brackets. The pure condition is obtained by choosing a way to tie down the framework to eliminate the Euclidean motions, computing a bracket expression by a method due to Rosenberg and then factoring out part of the expression related to the tie-down. A major portion of this paper is devoted to proving that the resulting pure condition is independent of the tie-down chosen. We then catalog a number of small examples and their pure conditions, along with the geometric conditions for the existence of a stress which are equivalent ...


BACKGROUND
Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a 45-56 kDa glycoprotein that has an important role in proliferation and embryo implantation. Its effect on oocyte maturation and how to exert the function remained to be elucidated.

METHODS
Immature mice superovulated with human menopausal gonadotropin and germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes were obtained from ovary 48 hours after. GV oocytes were cultured in tissue culture medium 199 with 0, 100, 500 and 1,000 U/ml LIF. Cumulus expansion and in vitro maturation (IVM) rate were assessed after culture. For reverse transcriptase PCR, total RNA from GV and metaphase II (MII) oocytes were extracted by Trizol reagent. The quantity and quality of RNA were determined by spectrophotometry and electrophoresis, respectively. Reverse transcription was performed by Super Script III reverse transcriptase with 1 µg of total RNA followed by DNase I treatment and heat inactivation. Expression of gp130 was determined by RT-PCR.

RESULTS
Our results showed that cumulus expansion was improved with 1,000 U/ml in culture medium compared to others. GV breakdown and MII rate in groups with LIF were higher than control group and were dose-dependent. In 1,000 U/ml, LIF rate of MII was significantly higher than control group (P less than 0.05). Our results also showed that gp130 is expressed neither in GV nor in MII oocytes during IVM of mouse oocytes.

CONCLUSION
gp130 is expressed in human oocyte but not in mouse. Our results suggest that in mouse, LIF could affect the oocyte via another receptor or via cumulus cells; however, further studies are warranted.