AbstractThe in vitro release of norfloxacin (a new broad spectrum antimicrobial agent whose pharmacokinetics are characterised by varied gastrointestinal absorption and irregular plasma level) from different suppository bases was studied in order to obtain suitable formulation with good release and satisfactory drug concentrations in plasma. The bioavailability of suppositories containing 200 mg drug made from the bases that showed the best in vitro release was investigated. The release rate was in the order of PEG 400, 1540, 4000 mixture in ratio of 20: 33: 47 respectively > Witepsol H1S > Witepsol W 35 > Witepsol E 75. Addition of Tween 20, Tween 80 and Myrj 45 to the Witepsol members greatly increased the release rate especially at surfactant concentration of 5 × 10 mol.g. of the drug.


For separation of various organic - aqueous mixtures and organic-organic mixtures, there are three possible membrane separation technologies, namely, reverse osmosis(RO), pervaporation(PV) and vapor permeation(VP). A theoretical comparison is introduced. Using various membranes experimental data are demonstrated for varieties of such systems. Finally one example method to design a suitable membrane for a particular system is demonstrated.


Flat lamps comprising large arrays of microcavity plasmas, and capable of efficiently generating VUV or UV-C radiation, have been developed and will be described. UV light is desirable for a number of chemical processes and disinfection methods available commercially but conventional UV light sources suffer from several drawbacks, including undesirable form factors and environmental concerns regarding the use of mercury.


Foreign strategies will influence a country's foreign activities.Foreign strategic priority will determine the main objects and contents of a country's foreign exchanges,and even affect the country's foreign trade policy.Due to differences in the external strategic priorities,differentiated foreign trade policy will be formed in different countries in different forms of international trade relations.China and Brazil,although located in the Eastern and Western hemisphere with the longest distant geographical position and have no fundamental conflicts of interests,were sunk into the trade stagnation in the early days of the Cold War because of the differences of foreign strategic priorities.Therefore,this paper took this typical sample,which is conducive to eliminating the interference of other factors,to effectively demonstrate the analytical framework from the foreign strategic priority to foreign trade country policy and then to the international trade relationship.


Political education has a distinct view of political and ideological,ethnic and age and other characteristics of the Marxist concept of Marxist political education an important part of educa-tional theory.Marxist view of political education,in people's political awareness,political,emotional,political attitudes and political skills acquisition and other aspects of its expression,political education for the current has an important revelation.


The mayor of London has launched a new initiative, designed to make the city pre-eminent in the commercialisation of the life sciences, not only in the United Kingdom but in Europe. Called MedCity, it will bring together the expertise of Imperial, University, and King's colleges of the University of London with Oxford and Cambridge universities to create a "golden triangle" to help turn developments in bioscience into companies and jobs.

The mayor, Boris Johnson, never one to shy away from a historical analogy, compared the initiative to the coming together of the "virtuosi" who launched the scientific revolution in London in the 17th century, meeting in coffee shops and setting up the Royal Society. In recent years, he argued at a launch at Imperial College's Hammersmith campus, London had not been as successful as some …


Charging performance of dynamic wireless chargers for electric vehicles (EVs) depends on the architecture of magnetically coupled coils. This paper aims to investigate the influence of coil's structures to charging performance. The coupling factor, output power, and system efficiency of different coil's structures are compared. First, the magnetic flux distribution of each structure is studied via finite element analysis (FEA). Then, the experimental measurement of the coupling profile is performed. Key information for designing and developing the coupled coil to improve charging performance is obtained from this paper.


Objective:To investigate the effect method at the interrulption of HBV maternal-infantile intrauterine infection.Methods:Pregnancy woman were divided into two group s with HbsAg and HBVDNA po s itive or not.A group adopt the method of the strenthening immunty.Maternal stop:Passive immunity the pregnant woman injects hepatitis B immunogolobulin(HBIG)200 IU/M in 5 months of gestation,total 5 times;the infant was adopted by the consociation immunity metho d.Active immunity:hepatitis B vaccine(HBVac)was injected 10 μg after the birth immediately,and 0,1,2,12,month each 10 μg subcutaneous inject;Passive immunity 200 IU of HBIC,after the birth immediately the muscle injection.B group:It was adopted the standard interruption of immunity method.Results:A,B groups infant intrauterine infection rate distinguish to 12.5%,28.0%;Chronic infection distinguishes to 5.4%,18.0%;Immunity failure rate 3.6%and 16%;Immunity success rate 96.4%and 84.0%.Conclusions:Strengthening immunity was an effctive method for interruption of HBV maternal-infantile intrauterine infection.


In order to improve the stability and reliability of missile during flight, this paper designs an active microstrip antenna for missile based on GNSS. It covers BD B1, GPS L1 and Glnoass L1. By combining microstrip antenna with circuit, broadband, miniaturization and high gain are realized. The metallized through hole in the antenna center is used to make DC grounding and eliminate the electrostatic interference at the RF channel input, increase the reliability of antenna installation and reduce the resonance of antenna in the flight environment. The radome is made of F4BM to improve the heat insulation of the antenna. In the 1584±25MHz operation bandwidth, the range of antenna is greater than 130°when main lobe gain is greater than 7dBic, the axial ratio is less than 3dB, the VSWR is less than 1.8, the low noise amplifier gain is 36dB ± 0.5dB, and the noise factor is less than 1.79dB. The design can meet the requirements of missile satellite navigation application.


When the height of the transmitter is close to building heights, over-rooftop contributions, i.e. full-3D rays or rays in the vertical plane, become relevant in propagation. Full-3D propagation, vertical plane propagation and lateral propagation are compared, both mutually and against measurements in Munich (Germany) and Rosslyn (VA, USA). To perform our study we made use of a full-3D ray tracing tool. In addition, a deterministic vertical plane prediction model was implemented based on a literature review of published models. In Munich, which has a regular mixture of building heights with virtually no high rise buildings, our deterministic vertical plane model was found to be accurate in predicting the average measured power for receivers far from the transmitter. Deterministic models require, in general, less calibration with measurements than empirical models. The wedge representation of buildings in the vertical plane was found to give better agreement with measurements than the classical knife-edge representation.


The present study aimed to examine different degrees of child abuse and related psychological consequences in the mainland of China. A Chinese version of the Norvold Abuse Questionnaire was administered to 981 Chinese college students. The prevalence rates of child emotional abuse were 16.4%, 8.8%, and 6.9% for the mild, moderate, and severe levels of abuse, respectively, and those of physical abuse were 34.3%, 19.3%, and 3.1%, respectively. Furthermore, 4.4% of the participants in the mild sexual abuse group reported having had no genital contact and 1.0% of them reported having experienced emotional humiliation. The prevalence rates of moderate and severe sexual abuse were 2.4% and .8%. More males were found to suffer from moderate or severe levels of emotional abuse than females. Similarly, more males reported physical abuse than females across all degrees of severity. Mild and severe physical abuse had a larger current effect on males than on females, whereas the impact of moderate physical abuse was greater on females. Overall, Chinese college students reported significantly fewer sexual abuses than similar samples in Western countries. Additionally, more females suffered from mild sexual abuse than males. These findings suggest a potential influence of gender and culture.


The 4th plenary session of the 18th Central Committee takes comprehensively promotes the rule of law as the subject to study, highlighting the rule of law in governance modernization role. And to the rule of law, we must carry forward the spirit of the Constitution; give full play to the rule of law in China, the government ruled by law, the role of the constitutional rule of law.


Creepage discharges on oil impregnated pressboard is one of the most dangerous transformer insulation fault, which can cause the gas action even transformer housing cracking accident. "White spot" is creepage important phenomena in the process of insulation board along the surface, so it is necessary to study the insulation board along the surface of creepage "white spot" in the process of growth characteristics. This paper set up a insulating paper along the surface of creepage "white spot" in the process of growth characteristics of observation platform. Numerical example was calculated under different aging degree creepage cardboard along the surface of the "white spot" in the process of change, statistics and analysis of the "white spot" length, angle and size variation, which is very practical to the production practice.


We report on a significant improvement of a simple, but effective bandpass photon detector specially suited for inverse photoemission studies. It consists of a commercial open CuBe multiplier with a CaF2 entrance window. The latter acts as a low pass, the high pass and the quantum efficiency in the new version are determined by the photoyield of KBr evaporated onto the first dynode, resulting in a bandpass with maximum efficiency at ℏω=9.8 eV and ΔE=0.6 eV (FWHM). This detector is easy to operate and up to one order of magnitude more efficient than other systems currently used. Further improvement concerning combined efficiency and resolution seems possible by suitable variation of the cathode material and entrance window.


Due to the rapid emergence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) strains worldwide there is a necessity for greater consideration for the role of preventive vaccines to combat these pathogens. The study reported the effectiveness of a heat-inactivated whole-cell vaccine (HI-WCV) against A. baumannii to produce protective immunity with evaluation of the bactericidal antibody responses in mice after intramuscular inoculation with different XDR strains of A. baumannii. Six XDR A. baumannii strains emulsified with complete freund's adjuvant (CFA) were used for intramuscular inoculation in the experimental group of mice (n=4) in three different phases on 14 days interval whereas placebo-controlled mice (n=4) received phosphate-buffered saline emulsified with CFA in same the schedule. Serum was collected from tail blood of each mouse on 10th day after each inoculation and by cardiac puncture on 14th day after lethal dose from the experimental group and after death of the placebo-controlled group. Mice inoculated with heat-inactivated whole-cell vaccine survived and showed a higher neutralizing (IgG) antibody response after 2nd (>7-fold titre) and 3rd inoculation (>12-fold titre) whereas all mice from placebo-controlled group did not survived. Sera from experimental group of mice collected (38th day) after 3rd inoculation resulted in higher serum bactericidal killing index (42.12) after three hours incubation with an XDR A. baumannii over sera collected after 1st and 2nd inoculation (50% cutoff value=14.5). These results suggest that intramuscular vaccination with heat-inactivated whole-cell vaccine stimulated IgG antibody responses that can increase murine survival after XDR A. baumannii infection.


The underlying method of electronic commerce applications is based on the Client/Server model. The aim of this paper is to present a web-based online consultant service for money investment. For this a Client/Server application is developed which bases on CORBA and Java. It enables customers to find out about the best investment strategies according to their personal preferences. A survey of the tool and its description is given in this paper. 1. I N T R O D U C T I O N Internet and Electronic commerce (E-commerce) are of increasing interest. It is expected that billions of USD will be earned in this new business market the next decade. The explosive growth of E-business will change totally and fundamentally the business environment of the 21-th century and this process has already began. Right now we are focusing that more and more information is accessible via Internet. Year ago the new medium was used by scientist only but now most companies have their own web-sides where they offer their products as well as many further information. Since customers need this product information in order to decide which product should be bought, one way of gett ing this is to access the Internet. We already can buy software, books and even products from a grocery store via the Internet. But there is no web assistance for money investment purposes (at least to the authors knowledge). This is the aim of this paper. We are focusing here on the development of a web-based application for customers who would like to invest money. Online-banking supports the movement of money from savings account to some other account for instance but these systems do not yet support the money investment. So, we present how customers can be guided interactively to find out where to invest there money. Our interactive bank agent will select the most appropriate investment forms based on special needs of customers. In order to find the best saving Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or c lassroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. To copy otherwise, to republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and or fee. SAC'00 March 19-21 Como, Italy (c) 2000 ACM 1-58113-239-5/00/003>...>$f00 797 plans several questions about the personal situation need to be answered. Developing such a web-based application must combine severa/different technical aspects like product presentation (in form of WWW-pages), Internet communication (in form of HTTP, IOOP), database (managing all data), and programming the consultant (in Java). Our online consultant system is based on client/server [5] and the CORBA [2; 3; 4; 6] model. CORBA is a result of a standardization process of the OMG (Object Management Group) in which over 800 companies (e.g. SUN, IBM, HP) are involved. CORBA models a distributed system based on objects on heterogeneous platforms including the needed communication infrastructure. The communication mechanism is transparent for the programmer and easy to use. CORBA is a middle-ware between operating systems and application programs.


Geomorphic, stratigraphic, paleomagnetic, and pedologic data reveal that: (a) the principal phase of the Basin and Range disturbance, sensu strictu , terminated within a latest Miocene to early Pliocene interval ( 6 to 3 m. y .B .P.) in two basins near Tucson; and (b) general tectonic quiescence has continued in these basins to the present. Approximately correlative relationships in adjacent basins suggest a similarly timed waning of large-scale Basin-Range tectonism throughout most of southeastern Arizona. In S onoita Creek basin, fault-bounded syntectonic lower basin fill grades upward into undeformed upper basin fill that contains an Epoch 5 through Gauss Epoch magnetostratigraphic section (5.8 to 3.3-m. y . B . P. age range). These post-tectonic deposits bury basin-bounding faults and extend mountainward across lower levels of an extensive (2to 7-km-wide) exhumed and dissected bedrock pediment. The basin fill is truncated below an erosion surface that projects into higher bedrock pediment levels; this composite surface is overlain by relatively thin (5to > 20-m) high-stand alluvial fans and associated geomorphic surfaces upon which have formed thick mature soils probably '" 1 m.y . old. The Canada del Oro valley likewise contains undeformed upper basin fill and (or) high elevation fans that once buried both boundary faults and an exhumed 2to 4-km-wide crystalline pediment. The observed scale of pedimentation requires significant decreases in the rates and (or) magnitudes of relative vertical tectonic activity on mountain-bounding faults throughout an estimated 2to .., 5-m. y. minimum formation interval. The late Miocene and Pliocene basin fill itself records the final stages of basin aggradation during or following the transition from tectonic activity to inactivity along these boundary structures. This inference is supported by both progressive changes in sediment dispersal patterns and an upsection decrease in sedimentation rates, which coincide with increasing occurrences of diastems and paleosols. The subsequent deposition of the nontectonic high-stand pediment fans probably reflects climatic changes conducive to hillslope stripping and stream aggradation, following the transition from glacial to interglacial conditions at or near the inception of the Quaternary. Some basins in southeastern Arizona contain locally deformed Pliocene and early Quaternary upper basin fill and (or) scattered piedmont fault scarps that displace late Pleistocene or older surficial deposits. However, this restricted and small-scale Pliocene-Quaternary deformation does not alter the interpretation cited above that Basin-Range tectonism ceased to be a dominant influence on landscape evolution in the region after late Miocene.


Level of development and prosperity in a region is intrinsically linked with the availability and type of basic amenities and infrastructure to the people on a sustainable basis. Abject scarcity of these facilities in a region adversely affects the efficiency of the people in their economic pursuits, thereby retarding the growth and development of the region as a whole. Not only this, a longstanding deficiency of basic amenities and infrastructure in a region and a neglect on the part of the policy makers eventually alienates people from the mainstream. Forced to live in sub-human condition people tend to rebel against the system. Growth of Maoists and naxalites in certain parts of the country is a testimony to this linkage between persisting under development and absence of basic facilities, on the one hand, and prevailing social and political crises, on the other. One such instance of this nature can be seen in Jangalmahal region of West Bengal. With a predominantly rural base, the region has a significant concentration of scheduled population. The present paper intends to examine the Quality of Life (QOL) of people in terms of status of basic amenities in the region located in the south-western part of West Bengal. The paper is based on data drawn from varied government publications. It is argued that a longstanding deprivation of the people in the region has only contributed to the growth of Maoist activities. The paper, therefore, underlines the importance of a conscious intervention on the part of policy makers and planners for mitigation of the problem without further losing any time.


Poly lactic acid (PLA) has made inroads for commercial market segment with lot many unique characteristics such as tenacity, low flame rate, moisture regain percentage, loss of ignition percentage, heat of combustion, UV resistance, Elastic recovery and higher melting point allowed it to be the fastest moving material in today's commercial market. An attempt has been made to test the feasibility and biocompatibility aspect of PLA with cement mix. Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 23 September 2020 doi:10.20944/preprints202009.0528.v1 © 2020 by the author(s). Distributed under a Creative Commons CC BY license. The basic strength and physical test results were carried out and published in an article, to the continuation of the work, micro-structural study was conducted to evaluate the elemental characteristics. Thermo gravimetric analysis revealed that PLA either in granular form or filament will hold good for the inclusion into construction applications, provided degradation aspects are to be looked out for improvisation. From DSC it was found that PLA in filament form is the best inclusion material for construction application, however the tenacity of fibers has to checked, as currently available filaments in market does not have high tenacity value. From EDX reports, 30% inclusion of PLA as replacement for fine aggregate has constituent members as Calcium carbonate(CaCO3), Silica(SiO2) and Wollastonite (CaK) resulted in best composition among the rest. FESEM images revealed that, proper gradation in size, rough surface of PLA granular form or filament form will definitely enhance the mechanical/physical or even chemical behavior of PLA.


Two problems in two‐dimensional Cr diffeomorphisms are discussed. In doing this, the intersection and tangency of the stable and unstable manifolds are strictly discriminated and the notion of the first direct and asymptotic tangencies is introduced. The first problem is what happens if neither stable and unstable manifolds transversely nor nontransversely intersect with each other nor are their closures disjoint. It is shown that there are cases in which the existence of homoclinic tangency of the usual sense is inhibited. The second problem is what is expected as a consequence of the first direct homoclinic tangency. Several consequences are shown. Among others, an extension of Palis's lambda lemma to cases of the first direct tangency is obtained. Finally, the numerical examples on the first asymptotic tangency are given using two maps.


The utility model provides a structure-improved electric hot-water bag, and belongs to the technical field of heating articles. The structure-improved electric hot-water bag comprises an electric hot-water bog body, a heating body assembly and thermal storage media are arranged inside the electric hot-water bag body, and the electric hot-water bag body is provided with a power socket and an air-bleed hole. The structure-improved electric hot-water bag is characterized in that a first hand protective layer is additionally arranged on the outer surface of the upper side of the electric hot-water bag body, and a second hand protective layer is additionally arranged on the outer surface of the lower side of the electric hot-water bag body. Compared with the prior art, the structure-improved electric hot-water bag has the advantages that soaking time is prolonged by more than three times, the electric hot-water bag is more lasting and durable, charging frequency of a user is reduced, energy is saved, and the service life of the electric hot-water bag is prolonged. Moreover, the structure-improved electric hot-water bag is simple in structure, convenient to joint, flexible and diversified. Meanwhile, due to the fact that the hand protective layer are arranged in a detachable mode, the user can clean and exchange the hand protective layers conveniently, therefore, the structure-improved electric hot-water bag is both sanitary and economic, and interest is added through changing of decorative surfaces on the hand protective layers. In addition, due to the fact that the hand protective layers are additionally arranged on the side surfaces of the upper side and the lower side of the electric hot-water body, the user can warm hands conveniently, and warm effect is good.


The article is written with consideration of socio-cultural and historical context of the epoch based on personological, quantitative and thematic analysis of articles published in the collections of "Siberian Living Antiquity" — first post-revolutionary periodical on ethnography in the USSR. The main goal is to identify materials that can be used as sources for studying the history of Russian folkloristics in Siberia in the 1920s. Selected articles are systematized, annotated and placed in the index. High research and publication activity of Irkutsk folklorists testified to the time of the rise and flowering of regional Siberian folklore, and the contribution of its largest scientists (M. K. Azadovsky and G. S. Vinogradov) seems to be very significant not only for regional science, but also for Russian folkloristics in general.


As illustrated in Figure 1, the threat of extreme weather events affects the attitude towards diet change. This attitude change, however, forms a negative feedback loop of Willingness to change as the behavior, i.e. lower meat consumption, lessens the climate change impacts, hence the perceived threat. The social diffusion of behavior forms the positive feedback loop of Social transmission, as the higher number of vegetarians shift the social norm (a term associated with the percentage of a behavior in population) towards low meat consumption, which further stimulates the diet change behavior. The model also accounts for the increasing meat consumption in developing countries as the income levels rise, indicated by the Gross World Product. Furthermore, the model includes the effects of population heterogeneity in terms of age, gender and education level on social transmission behavior, self-efficacy and climate risk perception, respectively.


This paper presents the design of printed monopole antenna for various ultra wide band wireless communication applications. Proposed antenna is designed on FR4 substrate of h=1.6mm, relative permittivity 4.4,loss tangent of 0.02, dimension 50 x 50 mm2. The gap between edge of ground plan (back side of antenna) and edge of patch is varied to get different simulated results. The proposed antenna exhibits a 10 dB impedance bandwidth from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz, which constitutes about 109.48%. It has been observed that proposed antennas are small in size and simple in design and fabrication but its performance is very good for UWB applications also radiates omnidirectionally over the UWB band defined by Federal Communication Commission.


This paper presents the development of awebsite for performance analysis of tennis players. Thesystem was created with the main objective to assist coachesof tennis players in achieving better performance andperformance of their athletes. It created a mechanism tocollect the players' moves, store and collate such data togenerate statistics, which are presented in graph form, whatfacilitates the analysis of information, efficiently showingwhat their strengths and weak, so that will be corrected soas also to prevent future errors. The analysis can be used toanalyze the opponent player, so you can surprise and get awin more easily. The system was developed using opensource technology, in this case MySQL, Apache, PHP onLinux environment.Index Terms ⎯ Improvement; Analysis of performance;Tennis.


The partial concentration index is a measure of income related inequality purged of the effects of variables which are correlated with health and income. We show that indirect standardisation is likely to underestimate the partial concentration index compared with two methods of direct standardisation. Estimates of partial concentration indices are constructed from a sample of individual patients from 60 English general practices, using direct and indirect standardisation. Although estimates are highly correlated, indirect standardisation based estimates are smaller than those based on direct standardisation. There appear to be no significant differences across practice inequality scores, nor do such differences appear to be predominately associated with differences in the distribution of income or the effect of income on health. Practice inequality scores are greater if practices receive deprivation payments or run diabetes clinics and smaller the number of practice staff. Practice characteristics appear to have little associated with the level of individual health or on the effect of income on health. * National Primary Care Research and Development Centre, Centre for Health Economics, Alcuin Block D, University of York, York YO10 5DD; email@example.com; email@example.com. Funding from the Department of Health to NPCRDC is acknowledged. The views expressed are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the DH. We are grateful to Stephen Campbell for access to the practice data from the QUASAR project and for comments from participants in the York Seminars in Health Econometrics and the Bergen Economics Department seminar, and the International Health Economics Association conference, York July 2001.


The Prophetic Hadith (i.e. sayings of the Prophet) is full of rhetoric devices present throughout His sayings. One of the basic rhetorical devices is metonymy. Metonymy is a pervasive linguistic phenomenon in all cultures, in both spoken and written discourse. This paper investigates metonymy in Arabic language and its translation in general and assessing the translation of Kināyah ᶜan mawṣūƒ (metonymy of a modified object) in Khan's translation (1997) of Ṣaḥiḥ Al-Bukhārῑ in particular. The distinctive style and the special nature of the Prophetic sayings make the translation of metonymy in the Prophetic Hadith stands as a challenging task for translators. Thus, the present study aims to arrive at the impact of translating metonymy in producing an effective language and the extent to which it is relayed accurately in the target language. The selected metonymies are extracted, analyzed and followed by the assessment of their translations. One of the purposes of the present research is to identify the extent to which metonymies in the Prophetic Hadith deepen their reading comprehension and investigate the strategies of translating metonymies of modified objects in the Prophetic Hadith.  In order to observe the highly rhetorical style of Prophetic sayings and not to sacrifice part of their meaning, the source-oriented approach is recommended here in order to render the taste of the original culture and profound its values to the target reader.


It is widely apprehended that handing over security matters to private players would result in deterioration of the safety and security standards of airports and aircrafts. The onus is on the government to ensure that such a situation does not arise. The interest of several parties are involved, hence the government needs to come up with a policy which is acceptable to everyone. However, it must be said in this matter that safety and security in aviation is of primary importance. Airports and aircrafts have been targeted by terrorist groups in the past, and it is possible that any lax in security will be taken advantage of by such miscreants. Any sort of negligence can result in the loss of thousands of lives and considerable damage to property. After 9/11 a comprehensive security structure was developed by the American Government to deal with such issues. India has been victim to terrorist attacks as well, and it is desirable that a proper safety and security plan is developed in India to ensure safe air travel.


Lead intoxication reduces cGMP phosphodiesterase activity and enhances the influx of Ca2+ in photoreceptor cells that trigger ATP loss. Thus, releasing proapoptotic factors and activating caspase cascade results in retinal cell apoptosis. In the current study, lead acetate (PbAc) induced retinal degenerative model which mimics ocular degenerative disorders like macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of retinal histology, with dose and time response parameters, showed 0.08mg/L concentration for 15 days of treatment was the appropriate dose to develop the retinal degeneration model. Its intoxication affected the photoreceptor cells thus contributing to above mentioned disorders. At an ultrastructural level, it was observed that PbAc induce retinal degeneration by damaging outer and inner segments of the photoreceptors especially the rod cells. Escape response behavior also showed a significant decrease in visual response to changing contrasts. Thus, PbAc was inducing degeneration of retina between pigmented epithelium and photoreceptor layer for further retinal regenerative studies. Lead intoxication reduces cGMP phosphodiesterase activity and enhances the influx of Ca2+ in photoreceptor cells that trigger ATP loss. Thus, releasing proapoptotic factors and activating caspase cascade results in retinal cell apoptosis. In the current study, lead acetate (PbAc) induced retinal degenerative model which mimics ocular degenerative disorders like macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of retinal histology, with dose and time response parameters, showed 0.08mg/L concentration for 15 days of treatment was the appropriate dose to develop the retinal degeneration model. Its intoxication affected the photoreceptor cells thus contributing to above mentioned disorders. At an ultrastructural level, it was observed that PbAc induce retinal degeneration by damaging outer and inner segments of the photoreceptors especially the rod cells. Escape response behavior also showed a significant decrease in visual response to changing contrasts. Thus, PbAc was inducing degeneration of retina between pigmented epithelium and photoreceptor layer for further retinal regenerative studies.


A UV-IR-Vis 3-pulse study of infra-red induced changes to electron transfer (ET) rates in a donor–bridge–acceptor species finds that charge-separation rates are slowed, while charge-recombination rates are accelerated as a result of IR excitation during the reaction.


This paper proposes a blockchain-based local market mechanism to allocate physical storage rights (PSRs). The proposed blockchain framework serves as the ideal platform to support the market operation and settle the payments among the market participants. As a market product, PSRs are provided by the storage owners, who are solely profiting by selling the PSRs, and enable the local market participants (including arbitrageurs, renewable producers, consumers and prosumers) to access the storage. That is, they can book storage in the form of PSRs and dispatch it at a given time aiming to maximize their utility function. Numerical results from case studies show the economic benefits of storage participation in the energy community, demonstrating at the same time the benefits of the proposed PSR allocation mechanism for both the system and the individual market participants.


The spatial variability of rainfall within a single Local Area Weather Radar (LAWR) pixel of 500x500 meter is quantified based on data from two locations. The work was motivated by the need to quantify the variability at this scale in order to provide an estimate of the uncertainty of using a single rain gauge for calibrating the LAWR. A total of nine rain gauges was used, each representing one-ninth of the 500x500 meter area. The analysis is carried out on a dataset obtained using tipping bucket gauges during the summer and fall of 2007 and 2008, and the results are compared with results from an earlier campaign in 2003. The 2007-2008 dataset is almost four times larger than the original dataset from 2003 that motivated this extended study. Two methods have been used to describe the variability: The coefficient of variation and the spatial correlation structure of the rainfall field. Despite the small area of 0.25 km, accumulated rainfall was found to vary significantly within individual events with duration ranging from 5 minutes to 13 hours. The coefficient of variation was found to range from 1-26% in the 2007-2008 dataset and in some special cases even higher. The 95% prediction interval for a given rainfall depth is estimated and can be used to address the uncertainty of using a single rain gauge to represent the rainfall within a 500x500 meter area.


Object-oriented class frameworks are promising alternatives to traditional languages and their parallelizing compilers due to their higher at&action facilities for encapsulating parallelism and distribution. We claim that language feature6 already available in cxisiting object-oriented languages such aa C* for constructing class t&reworks can be maximally exploited for achieving 6cp6ration of parallelism and data distribution, without language extaxsions or ad-hoc methodologies. We first model parallel computation a6 crtiered application of a function onto 6tructurcd elements. and, ba6cd on the model, we construct a class fmmcwcrk which formulates 1) data distribution 66 hierarchical decomposition of the 6tructured elements to layered objects and 2) parallelism as nested rruversuls across these objects. We evaluate the feasibiity of our proposal on the Pujitsu APlOtXl parallel computer by extending the EPEE class framework.


In the teaching of"Polymer chemistry",some generic concepts often cause the confusion for the students,such as the definition of molecular weight of polymer,the residual water content of condensation reaction,the polymerization selectivity of monomer and the polymerization ability of vinyl acetate etc.According to the experience and understanding obtained in the many years′teaching process,these generic concepts are cleared.They can be referenced in teaching process for the colleagues and in the learning process for the students.


Water management in multijurisdictional river basins requires participation and cooperation across stakeholder groups. This research estimates stakeholder preferences for Red River Basin management alternatives. Issues that basin residents and experts considered relevant were identified and preferences for implementing change were assessed. The choice experiments method was used for estimations. An analysis of different stakeholder groups was employed because of an expectation that informed stakeholders and decision-makers would be more engaged with basin management issues, particularly water quality goals and institutional arrangements. However, this analysis demonstrates that the three different samples did not have significantly different preference orderings.


ABSTRACT For decades, research has made children be known mostly through adults' observations, powers, and narratives. However, during the last years, the recognition of children as social subjects with their own rights has led to the advent of child-centered research approaches that intend to grant relevance and validity to their voices. Some of those initiatives are the Mosaic approach, the creative-participative techniques, and the arts-based approach. This article offers a multimethod research proposal based on the draw-and-tell conversation technique and the principles of Mosaic approach, both applied to tackle children's social representations toward childhood education. This is part of a research project aiming to explore the representations of childhood and education within different educational actors. This article presents the designed instruments, the protocol, and the results obtained from the application of the methodological proposal. It is concluded that this multimethod design is a valuable tool to carry out future studies on young children within the frame of recognition of children's rights, as well as children's agency and participation capacities in the social construction of reality.


This study starts with a description of the first years of Dutch broadcasting and focusses on the role religion played in this period. This role appears so important that the Dutch broadcasting system became prototypical for the Dutch 'verzuiling', 'pillarization'. In the second part of the article it is sketched how the impact of religion in the radio and television programs decreased in the 1960's and '70's, which led to a certain 'de-pillarization'. The last part of this paper shows how evangelical Chrisians reacted on this development and why they established a new religiously inspired station.


R Bullough and P J Caudrey (eds) 1980 Berlin: Springer xviii + 389 pp price $44.90 The last decade has seen such an explosion of research activity in solitons and associated fields that one might well consider it to be 'the most significant advance in nonlinear waves since Riemann and in partial differential equations since Fourier'. The proceedings of several conferences exist, but for the first time the editors have drawn together in a more coherent fashion 12 review articles.


Abstract: The white-headed langur survives in just four karst forest fragments in China: one in the Longgang National Nature Reserve on the border of the counties of Longzhou and Ningming (NS habitat); a second in Chongzuo Banli Provincial Nature Reserve, Chongzuo County (CZ habitat); and two in Fusui Papen Provincial Nature Reserve, Fushui County (F1 habitat and F2 habitat), all in the southwest of Guangxi Province. The population is fewer than 700. We used GIS of Mapinfo Professional 7.0 and Arcview 3.2 to study karst landscape features (forest fragmentation and patchiness of natural formations and those resulting from or affected by human activities) in the known range of the white-headed langur. Results indicated that the NS fragment was the best conserved regarding the presence of natural karst hill system forest and the connectivity of forest habitat, and having the least agriculture. F1 and F2 ranked the second and the third in these aspects, while the CZ forest was the most fragmented and degraded by human activities. Most of the plains in F1, F2 and CZ were cultivated, given over to sugarcane plantations—the most widespread cash crop in the southwest of Guangxi province. The four karst habitats and their populations of white-headed langurs are facing similar problems, most marked in F1, F2 and CZ. Foremost are cultivation and human interference, then firewood collection and illegal hunting. Fortunately, the government has initiated some measures to mitigate the affects of human activities, including clamping down on illegal hunting.


Abstract The main derivative exchange in Russia is FORTS (Futures and Options in RTS) which is a division of Russian Trade System (RTS). The underlying assets of option contracts are futures on Russian companies' shares: OJSC "EES"1, OJPC "Lukoil"2 and OJSC "Gazprom"3. A basic model for estimation of fair option price is Black‐Scholes model, developed in the beginning of 70‐s' years of the last century. This model defines the option premium as a cost of its hedging by underlying asset. It uses a number of assumptions: prices of underlying assets follow log‐normal distribution; hedging is accomplished continuously; an underlying asset is infinitely divisible; a volatility is constant on all period of option life. However, according to practice, prices of shares and futures do not follow normal or log‐normal distribution, a volatility can change during a life of option, and hedging is a discrete process. Thus, Black‐Scholes model can yield inexact results in real markets, especially it concerns deeply "in t...


We present improved constraints on the patchy reionization by measuring the trispectrum of the Planck 2015 cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropies. The patchy reionization leads to anisotropies in the CMB optical depth, and the statistics of the observed CMB anisotropies is altered. We estimate the trispectrum of the CMB temperature anisotropies to constrain spatial variation of the optical depth. We show that the measured trispectrum is consistent with that from the standard lensed CMB simulation at $2\sigma$. While no evidence of the patchy reionization is found in the Planck 2015 temperature trispectrum, the CMB constraint on the patchy reionization is significantly improved from previous works. Assuming the analytic bubble-halo model of Wang and Hu (2006), the constraint obtained in this work rules out the typical bubble size at the ionization fraction of $\sim0.5$ as $R\gtrsim 10$ Mpc. Further, our constraint implies that large-scale $B$-modes from the patchy reionization, which is a potential source of contamination in detecting the primordial gravitational waves, are not significant compared to the lensing $B$ modes, if the $B$ mode induced by the patchy reionization is described by Dvorkin et al. (2009). The CMB trispectrum data starts to provide meaningful constraints on the patchy reionization.


This study discussed the quality of capital expenditure program of the Regional Working Unit (RWU) in Wonogiri District in 2010 until 2011. Data analysis method used quantitative and qualitative analysis with Value ForMoney (VFM) and Business Model Canvas (BMC) measurement approach. VFM analysis of this study showed that the efficient capital expenditure program was 81% and very efficient at 19%. Capital expenditure program that run effectively of 88% and run quite effectively of 12%. Based on the BMC approach, RWU's capital expenditure program in Wonogiri Regency had met the criteria set out in nine blocks of BMC. Inhibiting factors founded in this study were lack of human resources, database that had not been accurate, and no performance audit. Keyword: VFM,BMC, capital expenditure, Public Sector Accounting INTRODUCTION Waste of funds, leakage of public funds, and inefficiency programs occur in local financial management. The performance budgeting system requires planning to implement the budget in an orderly, regulatory, economical, efficient, effective, transparent and accountable manner as outlined in programs and activities. Due to these problems, the implementation of Government Regulation no. 105 of 2000 as the standard for the evaluation of local government financial performance towards the achievement of targets and realization of the program and policy both in the components of income, expenditure components, and financing components to be a weak position. Assessment of the success of Regional Government Budget (RGB) as an accountability assesment of local financial management is more emphasized on the achievement of targets so less attention to how the budgeting process undertaken from the planning stage to the assessment stage, and whether the achievement of budget realization has been held economically, efficiently and effectively (Fatimatuzzahra, 2009). Government Regulation No. 58 of 2005 provides rules on the assessment of work performance with benchmarks, performance indicators, and targets to be achieved. The final results of performance assessment are performance outcomes that are formulated in terms of economic, efficiency, and effectiveness(Asak, Yasa, & Astika, 2016). Economics and efficiency are closely related to the implementation of programs and activities, while the effectiveness associated with the implementation of pre-defined programs. Weaknesses in the current assessment or performance measurement because it is only based on the targets and realization to know inputs, outputs, and outcomes, it is necessary to consider other ways as a comparison material to measure the performance of local government, especially on the financial aspect. (Fryer, Antony, & Ogden, 2009). One way that can be considered for performance assessment, from the budget planning stage to the budget execution stage is the concept of budget effectiveness. Effectiveness is related to the relationship between expected results and actual results achieved. Effectiveness is the relationship between output and purpose (Mahmudi, 2011). The greater the contribution of output to the achievement of objectives, the more effective the organization, program or activity (Williamson & Zeng, 2009). The economy has a focus on input and efficiency that is related to the output of the program or process, then effectiveness has a focus on the outcomes achieved. An organization, program or activity is considered effective if the results output can meet the expected goals, or can be said spending wisely(Grimsey & Lewis, 2005). The effectiveness of a program and its activities means that the use of the budget must fit the targets and goals set for the wider public interest (Park, 2010). This research evaluated the quality of Capital Expenditure Program of Public Works Department, Department of Agriculture, Food Crops and Horticulture and Wonogiri Regency Health Office by using VFM approach. This purpose of this study was to determine the economics, efficiency, and effectiveness of capital expenditure on the Department of Public Works, Department of Agriculture, Food Crops and Horticulture and Wonogiri Regency Health Office and problems faced in efforts to achieve good performance. Capital expenditures in Local Government represent budget expenditures for the acquisition of fixed assets and other assets that provide benefits over one accounting period Therefore, to know whether a spending can be included as a capital expenditure or not, it is necessary to know the definition of fixed assets or other assets and fixed assets capitalization criteria. Performance can be interpreted as an achievement of something planned. Performance is considered good if able to achieve and finish what has been predetermined. Performance assessment uses assessment measures based on indicators as follows: a). Input is a performance benchmark based on the amount of funding used to implement the program or activity; b). International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 8, Issue 3, March 2018 369 ISSN 2250-3153 http://dx.doi.org/10.29322/IJSRP.8.3.2018.p7553 www.ijsrp.org Output is a performance benchmark by-product (goods or services) generated from the program or activity in accordance with the input used; c). Outcome is a performance benchmark based on the level of success achieved based on the level of output program or activities that have been implemented (Williamson & Zeng, 2009). Measurement of performance and development of performance indicators that have been implemented will be continued in activities that can be referred to as performance evaluation. Implementation of performance evaluation shall be guided by agreed and determined measures and indicators (Micheli & Mari, 2014). Performance evaluation is also a feedback process for past performance that is useful for improving productivity in the future (Paarlberg & Lavigna, 2010). The quality of decision making is influenced by efficient financial management. Efficiency in financial management improves the quality of decisions taken and can improve the financial performance of local governments. Khomsiyah, (2015) in the research described regional capital expenditure, effectiveness, and management efficiency and regional financial independence in East Java Province in 2013 and analyzed the influence of regional capital expenditure, effectiveness, and efficiency of management and local financial independence on the economic growth of the East Java Province in 2013. The results showed that capital expenditures had no significant effect on economic growth. The effectiveness of regional financial management had a significant effect on economic growth. The efficiency of regional financial management had a significant effect on economic growth. Regional independence had a significant effect on economic growth. So in the study concluded that the effectiveness and efficiency of management, local financial independence had a significant influence on economic growth. While capital expenditures had no significant effect on the economic growth of a region. The research of Hafidh (2015) Research Hafidh (2015) aimed to determine the effect of regional financial ratios on public capital expenditures for economic growth. This research was quantitative descriptive. The study used RGB and PDRB data of City and Regency of DIY in the period of 2006-2011. The results of this study indicated that all regions still had a very low level of regional independence (KD). The level of regional efficiency (EFD) described the value of the category which was less good. The regional effectiveness variables showed a fairly effective ratio because all regions were able to exceed the predetermined revenue target. The study also found that the three regional financial ratios showed positive and significant results, but R was only 0.38. Based on figures obtained earlier, the regional financial performance proportioned from locally-generated revenue (LGR) had no effect on public capital expenditure. Capital expenditures affected PDRB positively and significantly. Thus, the regional performance model expressed in the region's financial ratios was only able to explain the change in the GRDP variable by 35%. RESEARCH METHODS Main Model Figure 1. Research model The type of data in this study used primary and secondary data. Primary data in the form of data taken directly, while the secondary data in the form of data was in the form of documents (Hox & Boeije, 2005). Data Analysis Method Value For Money (VFM) Data analysis in this research using Quantitative and qualitative approach by using VFM performance. Measurement of VFM as follows: (Mahmudi, 2011) a. Economy Data analysis in this research using quantitative and qualitative approach by using VFM performance. Measurement of VFM is as follows: (Mahmudi, 2011) Economic = Input / Input Price (Rp) GIPR RWU Department of Public Works


This article tests the hypothesis that inventory behavior for American cheese, butter, and nonfat dry milk is consistent with dynamic cost minimization by dairy manufacturers. Results indicate that firms choose their dairy product inventories so as to minimize quadratic output and inventory carrying costs, subject to autoregressive cost shocks. There appears to be relatively rapid adjustment of commercial dairy product stocks to desired levels, with 95 percent of that adjustment taking place within six months.


In this study, the use of fuzzy logic for signal validation is introduced. This tool uses the sensor readings at the current time step to predict system state at the next time step using observers. The deviation between the sensor reading and the model prediction rises, leading to fault detection and isolation. The fault is accommodated by replacing the reading of the faulty sensor by the model prediction. The results presented in this article demonstrate that a simple scheme can carry out sensor fault detection, isolation and accommodation using a fuzzy rule-based system based on experience of an operator into heuristics. Although the method lacks the mathematical basis that other analytical methods provide, this method is simple, effective and useful.

PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS

The coloring process has to be controlled and monitored carefully because if the color of the MALTA is not adequate, then the MALTA has to be recycled to another unit (dilution unit) where the colorant is eliminated. This recycling process uses delay around 3 working days, and the economic impact is high. The validation of signal and reduction of fault sensor contribute to the reduction of the recycling process. In this study, the incorporation of fuzzy logic in the treatment of sensor signal represents a significant factor in the improvement of MALTA production units.


Contents: Preface Pots for the Living. Pots for the Dead. Were Pots Purpose-made for the Funeral or Reused? The Trojan Cycle on Tyrrhenian Amphorae The Import of Attic Pottery to Locri Epizephyrii. A Case of Reinterpretation Genucilia -- Small Plate with a Large Range Terracotta House Models from Basilicata Archaic Karian Pottery -- Investigating Culture? The Mediterranean and Central Europe in the 4th and 5th Centuries BC. The Trade-route through the Rhone-Valley in the Light of Discoveries of Local Plain Ware Cypriot Transport-amphorae in the Archaic and Classical Period The Ontogenesis of Cypriot Sigillata A Phiale in the J F Willumsen Museum Collection -- an Analysis of a Forgery.


Abstract Civil engineers today need guidance on how to design structural systems to withstand various acts of terrorism and threats. This paper covers methods for deriving structural loadings on a building and its components in case of terrorist bombing. It briefly discusses the nature of explosions, effects of explosions on structures, and blast load-structure interaction issues. Two examples of blast load calculation for a rectangular building and a structural element are provided.


Mulligan techniques focus on improving the movement, range of motion and reducing pain on movement in adults. The technique is not inadequately studied in children with cerebral palsy. Three Mulligan techniques i.e. adductor elongation, bent leg raise and rectus elongation was applied in children with diplegic spastic cerebral palsy with crouch gait. Four children with diplegic spastic cerebral palsy with crouch gait participated in a prospective study carried out at SNEH RERC over a period of 12 weeks. Adductor elongation, bent leg raise and rectus elongation treatment was given to each child for an average of 1 hour-3 times a week based on the Mulligan techniques. The primary outcome measures included Thomas Test and Duncan Ely Test (hip flexor angle), adductor spread and Tardieu's scale for hamstrings to measure Popliteal angle and secondary outcome measures included Gross Motor Functional Classification Scale (GMFCS), Silfverskiold test, Ashworth's test for iliopsoas, hamstrings, tendo-achilles and selective motor control for hip, knee and ankle respectively. After the completion of 12 weeks, an application of the three Mulligan techniques showed highly significant changes in the range of hip, knee and ankle as seen using the above outcome measures. Mulligan techniques such as adductor elongation, bent leg raise and rectus elongation may significantly improve mobility of the joint and extensibility of the muscle tissue in children with diplegic spastic cerebral palsy with crouch gait. Further research is warranted in this area.


Acknowledgements Preface Part 1: Approaching education sociologically Chapter 1 Understanding education: the role of sociology Chapter 2 Understanding structure and agency Chapter 3 Varieties of critique Part 2: Key themes Chapter 4 Social reproduction Chapter 5 Knowledge and the curriculum Chapter 6 Identity Chapter 7 Teachers' work Part 3: Conclusion Chapter 8 Extending reflexivity in sociology of education References


Noise problems in the environment have gained attention due to the tremendous growth of technology that has led to noisy engines, heavy machinery, high speed wind buffeting and other noise sources. The problem of controlling the noise level has become the focus of a tremendous amount of research over the years. In last few years various adaptive algorithms are developed for noise cancellation. In this work we have discussed the LMS and the RLS algorithm and compared their performances for active noise cancellation of different sources of noise. We have also compared their performances for a real world noise that is cancellation of the noise collected from an elevator. MATLAB Simulink environment are used in this work for simulations.


Spontaneous broad ligament hematomas are relatively rare in non- pregnant state. We hereby present a case report of a 73 year old post-menopausal female, who initially presented with complain of postmenopausal bleeding since 4 month. Patient had underwent a diagnostic endometrial curettage in an another hospital, prior to presenting to our institution. On imaging, she was found to have a right sided complex adenexal mass (about 5cm in size) suspicious of ovarian malignancy. Patient was taken up for exploratory laparotomy and per-operatively found to have a broad ligament hematoma, which was further confirmed on histopathological examination.


It was detected that the migration coefficient of Poltava's population increased from m = 0.68 in 1960 to 0.71 in 1985. The coefficient of coincidence of married pairs in nationality and origin decreased from K = 0.152 and K = 0.055 to K = 0.119 and K = 0.043 and increased from K = 0.085 to 0.095 according to their occupation. Potential selection index comprised I = 0.1798.


As digitalization has caused major changes within various traditional industries, firms are forced to explore new technological paths and access knowledge beyond their boundaries. This dissertation focuses on knowledge provided by startups. Besides introducing search approaches and successful search strategies to identify startups, this work also provides insights into how corporations may become attractive partners for startups. In addition, the quality of startup ideas is compared with ideas originating from established suppliers. Finally, this dissertation examines the implications of engaging with startups.


This paper focuses on current trends of the hospitality investment environment in Russia and discusses the main factors of macro environment that determine tendencies of the hospitality market in the country. Also the article analyses the issues of business cyclicality in the Russian economy and capital flows into the tourism sector. Hospitality companies as part of various markets such as market of services and tourism market, as well as the property market are a challenging object for investment decisions. Nevertheless, a comprehensive approach to the long-term investment decision making considering both the prospects and the risks will enable potential investors not to miss perspective opportunities of the hospitality business in the countries which demonstrate the gap between supply and demand is favorable for investment.


AbstractSudab, a reputed drug of Unani system of medicine, is obtained from Ruta graveolens Linn., to which also the name titlee is given. This name is also given to Euphorbia dracunculoides, which is now the main source of sudab. The present paper describes the differentiating features of these two plant species.


This article analyses new waves of cultural production in the late Soviet and post-Soviet period. It focuses on contemporary artists' self-perception and self-positioning in the new realities of the postsocialist cultural realm and national awakening discourses. Independent contemporary artists of the post-Soviet period form new artistic movements, such as Punk Shamanism in Kazakhstan, to produce alternative truth and authentic discourses on nation and its history. This production is juxtaposed to the production of state-sponsored artists and writers. The article focuses on this struggle for defining the nation and claiming power in the discursive realm. It contributes to further conceptualization of the power of contemporary artists and non-state-sponsored cultural elites to participate in the processes of alternative and powerful discourses on nation and national imagination that become successful domestically and abroad. Through the discussion and production of Punk Shamanism – a new wave of cultural production identified with the search for lost memory and cultural codes, the article demonstrates how this cultural struggle developed in post-1991 Kazakhstan.


The anticoagulant activity of oral direct factor Xa (FXa) inhibitors and low-molecular-weight heparins such as enoxaparin can be reversed by andexanet,


ABSTRACT The University of Arizona chapter of Engineers Without Borders USA has faced multiple challenges involving community participation in rural development, in the Andean community of Marquirivi, Bolivia, both in rural design and in community participation. Despite successful construction of a shower house in 2014, the EWB-USA UA team experience with community participation revealed the numerous complexities involved in engaging successfully with communities. The importance of previous aid in a community with development projects also emerged as critical in shaping actions. This article discusses lessons learnt and recommendations for rural infrastructure projects, as well as the EWB-USA model of sustainable development.


The efficiency and accuracy loss are the key issues for the point cloud simplification. In this paper, a feature preserving algorithm is proposed for point cloud simplification based on hierarchical clustering with the surface feature description. The surface variation is presented as the main criterion for the efficient hierarchical clustering method to simplify the mass and dense point cloud fast, meanwhile we retain the feature points to ensure a small accuracy loss. The experiment results show that the proposed method is efficient and has a good effect to maintain the features as the same degree of simplification.


The purpose of this article is to discuss Business Intelligence and its role in increasing a company's competitive advantage through the utilization of various data, information and knowledge owned by a company as a raw material in the decision-making process. The method used in this article uses Online Analytical Processing. The results of the research are (1) data analysis has become a major and vital requirement in efforts to increase the business competitiveness of an organization or company; (2) entrepreneur-style decision making that tends to rely on intuition becomes less suitable in the midst of an increasingly competitive and complicated business environment; (3) BI is an e-business application that functions to convert data within the company (operational, transactional, and other data) into a form of knowledge; (4) BI emphasizes the implementation of the 5 utilization of information for the purposes of data sourcing, data analysis, situation awareness, risk analysis, and decision support.


Choosing the right tools for teaching programming, which is a difficult task by itself, is not easy. Which language can be effectively used depends on the language itself, the chosen approach at which paradigm to teach first and its tool support. A lot of currently used languages in education are meant to be used in the industry and were not designed for the task of teaching programming. They are either too complex or have a specific set of limitations and are thus not suited for this context. In this paper we present the design and implementation details of our multi-paradigm language for education called MuLE. We also give a short overview over the procedural part of the language since it is used as a platform for the object-oriented part.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To record the patterns of transmissible electromagnet radiation patterns with a type of charge pattern. SOLUTION: Projected, illuminated and exposing light progresses in the information-like exposing light of another light transmission layer 2 to the transmissible electromagnet radiation 7. This method includes the non-sustenance of the light longer than the oxposing light to the transmissible electromagnet radiation to be sensed by the other light transmission layer 2 while a DC voltage difference is maintained between electrodes 1 and 4 and the scanning type exposure of the like transmission layer 3 projected, illuminated and exposed by the light sensed while the DC voltages is maintained between the electrodes 1 and 4 and the formation of the sequential signals of the current changing imagewise converted at the external load in the corresponding voltage fluctuation by such exposure.


Abstract A terrace sequence at the Grey River, a tributary of the Awatere River, has been displaced several times by the Awatere Fault. Horizontal movement appears to have been always in the same sense, but the sense of vertical movement has changed in Postglacial time.


Tuberculosis and the taeniasis-cysticercosis complex, typical cases of zoonosis, have great importance for public health, since they cause economic liabilities to the Brazilian beef production chain. They are actually a synonym of technical inadequateness in Good Production Practices. Both diseases have existed since ancient times and their occurrence should be controlled by basic sanitary measures. However, there is a significant neglect attitude by authorities of countries with high occurrence rates, or rather, tropical underdeveloped nations, to focus on public policies for the control and decrease of the prevalence and the occurrence of these diseases. Current review elucidates the epidemiological profile of the diseases and contributes towards the elucidation and establishment of measures ensuring control.


The purpose of this study is to comprehensively map the recent additions to the body of knowledge in the service science discipline. Previous literature analyses insufficiently account for these developments or refrain from applying tool#based bibliographic analysis techniques. Following the introduction of the software tool CiteBridge, a citation network and a cocitation network are constructed based on 3,783 articles and 6,775 citations. Subsequently, both networks are analyzed (a) to map the scope and structure of the discipline, (b) to identify the most authoritative papers and literature review papers, (c) to discover clusters of research in the discipline, and (d) to explore if the service dominant logic of marketing has evolved into an overarching philosophical foundation for service research. The findings are intended to provide researchers with a sound orientation about the recent developments in the field and to further shape the evolution of service science as a research discipline.


In article on the basis of the theory of information chains the technique of definition of information characteristics being trained, based on drawing up the equivalent circuit consisting of a chain of random access and long-term memory which can almost be measured in result of experiment is stated.


Frequency characteristics measurement at the power transformers became a requirement imposed to the manufacturers in the specifications of the new products. There is a great interest dealing with the frequency characteristics from the viewpoint of the resonances that may appear between the transformer and the network where it is placed, as well as to detect the mechanical failures that may appear in service. There are a lot of factors that may influence frequency characteristics reproducibility at power transformers not related to their mechanical condition as: differences in measuring circuit layout, measuring equipment parameters variation a.s.o. Many manufacturers provide measuring systems without providing a way to check whether the differences relate to the transformer or to the measuring circuit. A standard is absolutely necessary to compare the results obtained at long time periods. The paper presents a standard that can be used to check the measuring circuit. It is based on some standard circuits easy to manufacture and having small dimensions that can be used both in laboratory and on-site. The influence of the used measuring method and the influence of cables laying mode on result reproducibility are studied on the basis of the above standard.


The American Journal of Men's Health (AJMH) has a mission "to provide a forum through which the multidisciplinary community of scholars disseminate the state of science regarding men's health issues focusing on the concept of 'health' to improve men's health status, improve men's health quality of life, and reduce disparities." To achieve this mission, the AJMH must continue to call for and focus on not solely the health of men but also on the differentiation and interaction of men and women's health for those individuals engaged in a heterosexual relationship. For men who are engaged in same-sex relationships, men's health may be intricately linked to the health of the other individual who may be of the same gender. In addition, some individuals may not be involved in any specific gender relationship but engaged in multiple or no relationships, and this should also be considered in understanding the relationship of men's health to another individual. As we learn more regarding the epidemiology of men's health or what we consider the distribution and determinants of men's health, it is increasingly apparent that we must understand both the differentiation and intricate symbiotic linkages of men's health to other individuals involved in their life through their primary relationships. Differentiation of the distribution and determinants of health and illness within populations according to gender and relationships facilitates an understanding of causation/ etiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, and clinical response to therapeutic regimens. This information builds the science of men and women's health to further advance the primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention efforts. This information is not only informative at the clinical level in the prevention and treatment of health alterations or illness but also facilitates an understanding of the disease processes within the respective gender population and takes into consideration the impact of relationships on the health of an individual. This permits the development of health care services and programs that promote a differentiation of health care delivery programs that are truly tailored and center on the respective individuality and diversity of the gender presenting. It is my suggestion that the state of men's health has advanced through the study and analysis of gender differentiation within the health and illness spectrum. However, to continue to advance the development of the state of men's health, we need to increase focus on the symbiotic primary relationship of men to another individual or in the case where there is no other individual to whom there is a relationship. A symbiotic relationship is generally considered a close and prolonged association between two or more different organisms that may or may not benefit each other. Typically, a symbiotic relationship is one of mutual benefit or dependence. Men's health state is proposed to be linked in a symbiotic manner to individuals to whom they have a primary relationship. This symbiotic relationship affects the man's physical, emotional, mental, and social health. In addition, I propose that this relationship has an impact on the male's lifestyle choices and behaviors. Essentially, this symbiotic relationship affects the causative/etiologic, risk factors, clinical presentation, and eventually the response to primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention efforts. Therefore, I am calling for scientists, educators, and clinicians to consider the individual or individuals who a male engages with in a symbiotic relationship, whether it is of the same or different gender, as an essential factor to integrate into patient-centered men's health care. 445503 JMH6410.1177/155798831244550 3PorcheAmerican Journal of Men's Health


A re-keying solution using shared key tree among multicast sessions in same multicast group was presented in this paper to make re-keying cost be independent of multicast sessions amount,and solve the problem that group with multiple sessions had low efficiency when key was updated.In this solution,leaves and extended root nodes in shared key tree respectively contained private keys of group members and group keys of multicast sessions.According to the key update algorithm used in this solution,updated keys and re-keying data were generated by PRF and XOR operations together.The simulation results of prototype system under Linux show that this solution obviously improves re-keying performance to some extent under communication circumstance with multiple sessions in same group compared to conventional solution.


The authors introduce and study some new Ishikawa type iterative algorithms with errors for solving a class of monotone mixed variational inequalities in Hilbert spaces. Also give some convergence analysis for the sequences generated by the algorithms.Those results generalize and improve the corresponding results of Noor and Zhang .


This document presents a new system used to monitor the data acquisition of the LHCb experiment. The monitoring takes place from the time the data is triggered in the Front-End Boards all the way to the time it is temporarily stored in the online storage system, thus providing the operators of the experiment with a detailed overview of the status of the data acquisition system. This system was thought of as a complement to the already existing monitoring and control tools available in the Experiment Control System in order to facilitate the operation of LHCb. We will present the various features of the monitoring tool and how it is being used by the ones involved in the operation of the experiment.


Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies and a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide (1). In China, the morbidity and mortality rates of lung cancer have been increasing over the past decades along with the worsening environment (2) and concerning situation of tobacco use (3). Imaging studies and sputum cytology as the conventional diagnostic approaches for lung cancer, are in fact very limited for detecting the early-stage lesions, and therefore do not help reduce the death toll. A number of clinical practice guidelines have recommended bronchoscopy as an important common tool for diagnosis of primary lung cancers (PLCs) (4). The direct vision of bronchoscopy enables brush and puncture biopsies, and performing bronchoalveolar lavage for cytological and histological diagnosis, which contributes to significant improvement in detection rate, and ultimately, to early identification, early diagnosis and early treatment of lung cancers. With the advance and refinement in molecular biology, endoscopic and imaging techniques, current practice with bronchoscopic examination has been recognized to remarkably enhance clinical diagnosis of lung cancer, and have an extraordinary role in improving the prognosis and survival rate of patients. This article reviews the use of several diagnostic modalities related to bronchoscopic techniques in individuals with high risk for lung cancers.


The article concentrates on studying one of the linguistic techniques called allusion technique in Tatar poetry at the background of traditional symbols semantic transformation in Tatar poetry in the 1920s-1950s. While exploring the topic, it is argued that Tatar poets turned symbol images traditional for the national literature into spokesmen for the "anti-ideological" position. The objective of the study is to explore the allusion technique via a prism of image symbols crosscutting for the national literature as a system of nominations based on Tatar poetry in the 1920-1950s. The scientific novelty is determined by a different approach to exploring the allusion technique: the study focuses on applying the symbol as a structure-forming component. Under the review, namely, symbols are proved to act as structure-forming components and are perceived as a possibility to change artistic paradigms, update an ideological and philosophical depth, and ambiguity. It also provides a possibility to "double read" the text and national traditions of Tatar poetry.


A new support tool using object tracking and motion based segmentation is developed for machine learning and pattern recognition. In the learning step, an object of interest is tracked while learning is performed from segmented frames. In the recognition step, target is tracked until favorable conditions allow identification. This tool is used in the context of the Aqu@thèque project which includes an automatic fish recognition system. Tracking is a dificult task especially in case of real world images. Particle filtering methods incorporating motion based segmentation measurement in importance sampling step improve performance.


Conducting epitaxial diamond films of high quality are essential for many diamond studies and diamond electronic device fabrication. We have grown boron-doped epitaxial diamond films on type Ila natural diamond (100) substrates by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition. A gas mixture of Hi/CH4 was used. Boron doping was done by placing solid sources of pure boron in the microwave plasma. Homoepitaxial films with atomic smoothness were achieved under the following growth conditions: substrate temperature 900 °C, gas pressure 40 Torr, and gas flow rates of Hi/CH4 = 900/7 .2 seem. The growth rate was 0.87 μm/hr. Surfaces of the homoepitaxial films were studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). STM images show smooth and continuous surface with ripple-like features on micrometer scale. On nanometer scale, alternating terraces of 2xl and lx2 dimerization were clearly observed.


Photo-radical copolymerization of 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane was carried out by using polymethylphenylsilane as a macro-photoinitiator to form polysilanemethacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane copolymers. Organic-inorganic hybrid thin films with highly dispersed polysilane segments were successfully prepared from the copolymers by a sol-gel method. Refractive index and surface morphology of the hybrid thin films were found to change by UV irradiation.


This paper proposes a flexible grid model that enables the formulation of the flexible optimal power flow (FOPF) problem. An advanced solution method is also proposed for the flexible optimal power flow problem. The proposed grid modeling considers the flexibility of power injections in time domain such as charging electric vehicles, smart appliances, data centers, etc. This flexibility provides a tool to shave peak load, moderate electricity prices and hedge the risk of unstable output power of renewable energy resources. Financial analysis shows consumers can be actively involved in electricity market if the use their flexibility. Numerical examples indicate that the FOPF reduces the energy costs, the peak loads and the maximum electricity prices of both entire systems and individual loads.


In this paper, air-filled Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) is proposed and demonstrated for the first time at U-band. This low-loss transmission line is developed on a low-cost multilayer Printed Circuit Board (PCB) process. The top and bottom layers may make use of an extremely low-cost standard substrate such as FR-4 on which base-band or digital circuits can be designed so to obtain a very compact, high performance, low-cost and self-packaged integrated system. For measurement purposes, an optimized-length dielectric- to air-filled SIW transition operating at U-band with 0.21 ±0.055 dB insertion loss is developed. The measured insertion loss of an air-filled SIW of interest at U-band is 0.122 ±0.122 dB/cm compared to 0.4 ±0.13 dB/cm for its dielectric-filled counterpart. Furthermore, an air-filled SIW phase shifter is reported for the first time. It achieves a measured 0.15 ±0.14 dB transmission loss at U-band. The proposed air-filled SIW transmission line and phase shifter are of particular interest for high performance and low-cost millimeter-wave circuits and systems.


The invention relates to a fluid ring compressor comprising: a first single-acting compression stage (17) having a first impeller (23) eccentrically mounted in a housing (14); and a second single-acting compression stage (18) having a second impeller (24) eccentrically mounted in a housing. The first compression stage (17) and the second compression stage (18) are separated from one another by a sealing gap (28). According to the invention, the sealing gap (28) is arranged between a suction section (271) of the first compression stage (17) and a suction section (272) of the second compression stage (18).


Objectives: To find out the actual contamination status of insoluble particles in medicine liquid of in venous injection. To explore the filtering method of insoluble particles in medicine liquid of in venous injection. Method: Measuring the insoluble particle content of medicine liquid of in venous injection by particle testing machine in clinics randomly. Comparing the content difference after filtering by terminal filter. Results: The actual insoluble particle contamination status in medicine liquid of in venous injection in clinics was severe. But after filtering by terminal filter, the content of insoluble particles decreased significantly (P0.01). Conclusion: By using terminal filters when doing in venous injection, the insoluble particles in medicine liquid could be filtered effectively.


Recent literature on the World Trade Organization (WTO) reveals great uncertainty with regard to the organisation's objectives, agenda and legitimacy. Whereas one group praises the strengthened dispute settlement process and the legalisation of the system, others insist that the WTO remains primarily an institution for diplomatic negotiations. For the former, WTO disciplines contribute to greater transparency and predictability of market entry conditions for private agents, and they deplore the weakness of implementation. Reforms to strengthen the implementation process are in the forefront, therefore. Adjudication is the guiding principle to resolve disputes. The second group follows a very different perspective. According to them, the WTO is a forum for intergovernmental negotiations and does not confer rights, or firm market entry expectations, to private agents. Not adjudication, but arbitration should be the guiding principle to resolve disputes between member states. Whereas the former group makes a clear distinction between political negotiations which lead to agreements and decisions of the respective Councils and the judiciary which rules according to rights and obligations determined by the legal rules, the second group views negotiations as an ongoing process, with dispute settlement as a second step in this process. This cleavage is also visible in the academic literature which analyses the functions of the WTO and its effects on trade policy of member states. Broadly speaking, we find an international law and an international organisation perspective. For the former, the WTO contributes to establishing international economic law, which governs private market transactions. WTO law has quasi constitutional functions. The latter group takes a state centric perspective. WTO is about coordinating government behaviour. It is no surprise that predictions and normative recommendations can vary quite substantially between these two groups. The fact that one finds both perspectives in the legal, economic and political science literature with their respective traditions of discourse makes a meaningful discussion even more difficult. Sometimes, one is tempted to describe the debate as a "discours des sourds". This risk is particularly pronounced if the parties do not understand their basic differences in perspectives and argue about conclusions drawn from divergent sets of assumptions.


Network function virtualization (NFV) technology continues to gain more attention as a paradigm shift, and telecommunication services can be flexibly deployed and managed. Any service can be represented by a service function chain (SFC) that is a set of virtual network functions (VNFs) to be executed based on the strict order. The NFV-enabled SFCs applied in the future Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks emerge a challenging problem, particularly more and more IoT devices are trying to access their telecommunication services whenever and wherever, SFCs are needed to be dynamically and adaptively reconfigured, thus adapting to the service requests' dynamics for lower resource consumption and higher revenue for Internet service providers (ISPs). In this article, we study the SFC dynamic reconfiguration problem (SFC-DRP) in the IoT networks, a discrete-time Markov decision process (DTMDP)-based IoT SFC-DRP is formulated by guaranteeing the QoS and resource constraints. We subsequently propose a novel deep Dyna-Q (DDQ) approach to solve this model. Our proposal has been evaluated with the obtained results demonstrating an average CPU root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 0.17, compared to 0.75 obtained while using the original approach. Moreover, our proposed SFC reconfiguration technique can approximate the performance of the integer linear programming (ILP) model within a polynomial time, and outperform the existing benchmarks in terms of the reconfiguration overhead and the resource utilization ratio from service provisioning, respectively.


The local density of states of Ag(111) has been probed in detail on disordered terraces of varying width by dI/dV-mapping with a scanning tunneling microscope at low temperatures. Apparent shifts of the bottom of the surface-state band edge from terrace induced confinement are observed. Disordered terraces show interesting contrast reversals in the dI/dV maps as a function of tip-sample voltage polarity with details that depend on the average width of the terrace and the particular edge profile. In contrast to perfect terraces with straight edges, standing wave patterns are observed parallel to the step edges, i.e. in the non-confined direction. Scattering calculations based on the Ag(111) surface states reproduce these spatial oscillations and all the qualitative features of the standing wave patterns, including the polarity-dependent contrast reversals.


It sums up the affecting factors of the crack of external wall polyphenyl granulation external insulation system,finds out the internal origin and external cause of the problem.And aiming at the reasons it discusses the crack prevent of paint external wall polyphenyl granulation external insulation system from the raw material and construction technology.


To further improve the detection ability of residual current in low-voltage distribution networks, an adaptive residual current detection method based on variational mode decomposition (VMD) and dynamic fuzzy neural network (DFNN) is proposed. First, using the general <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-value selection method of VMD proposed in this study, the residual current signal is decomposed into <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$ </tex-math></inline-formula> intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). By introducing the cross-correlation coefficient <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$R$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and the time-domain energy entropy ratio <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$E$ </tex-math></inline-formula> as two classification indexes, IMFs are divided into three categories: effective IMFs, noise IMFs and aliasing IMFs. Then, the aliasing IMFs are denoised by recursive least squares (RLS), and the denoised IMFs are superimposed with the effective IMFs to obtain the reconstructed signal. Finally, the dynamic fuzzy neural network (DFNN) is adjusted by the minimum output method to achieve the detection of the reconstructed residual current signal, and the network is used to predict the residual current according to the detection results. The detection results of the simulation and measured data show that the proposed algorithm has high detection accuracy and is superior to the wavelet neural network, empirical mode decomposition-thresholding, and wavelet entropy-auto encoder-back propagation neural network methods in terms of mean square error, goodness of fit and running time. This method provides a reference for further research on new adaptive residual current protection devices.


For the pile char generated in first ring groove of piston when diesel worked more than 40 hours,aluminum piston enwrapped steel ring was used to resolve the problem.And cooling oil antrum was moved up to close to piston top.I-deas software and the finite element method were used to analyze piston.Ambient temperature and heat transfer thermal coefficients between piston and its surrounding material were ascertained by the third confine conditions.Temperature distribution of piston was obtained,and intensity and distortion of piston under thermal load were studied.The results show that the temperature of first ring groove on piston is fall.The intent of ameliorating temperature distribution is realized. The research can optimize the piston and ensure its dependability.


The traditional approach to load forecasting is based on processing time series of load and weather factors recorded in the past. In the dynamic environment of the deregulated power industry, historical load data may not always be available. This paper explores the possibility of an alternative approach towards load forecasting based on indirect demand estimation from available customer data. This approach requires utilization of demand models for different customer categories. This paper presents a neural network based method of demand modeling. Neural networks are designed and trained based on the aggregate demands of the groups of surveyed customers of different categories. The performance of such models depends on the neural network design and representativeness of the training data. The forecast accuracy is also affected by the forecasted group size, customer characteristics, customer classification system, and the extent of demand survey. This paper discusses the issues of neural network design and illustrates the proposed method by its application to forecasting demand of residential customers.


Interactive evolutionary computation (EC) creates media contents that fit on a user; however, user's fatigue problem still remains. Takagi et al. proposed a framework of EC that evaluates media contents based on a user's physiological indices, and this technique is expected to solve the problem. In this study, we constructed an EC system that creates musical melody using listener's heartbeat intervals. Based on the constructed system, we proposed a method that creates media contents and presents them to a user automatically using blank. The constructed system and the proposed method have the possibility to reduce user's fatigue. Copyright © 2008 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


To prevent moving shadow from being misunderstood as part of moving objects in video target segmentation, a novel approach is proposed for the shadow detection. Firstly, video target segmentation was achieved through background subtraction based on adaptive Gaussian mixture models. Then, based on the observation that shadow regions present similar textural characteristics in each frame of the gray-level video-sequence and in the corresponding adaptive background model, the shadow was detected based on the similarity of texture represented by histogram of "uniform" patterns of Local Binary Patterns(LBP) between shadow region and corresponding region in the background. The approach requires only a small number of parameters, and experiments on variety real-world video data demonstrate the favorable performance and robustness of the proposed scheme. It can be applied to moving target segmentation, detection and etc.


We describe PVS''s capabilities for representing tabular specifications of the kind advocated by Pamas and others, and show how PVS''s Type Correctness Conditions (TCCs) are used to ensure certain well-formedness properties. We then show how these and other capabilities of PVS can be used to represent the AND/OR tables of Leveson and the Decision Tables of Sherry, and we demonstrate how PVS''s TCCs can expose and help isolate errors in the latter. We extend this approach to represent the mode transition tables of the Software Cost Reduction (SCR) method in an attractive manner. We show how PVS can check these tables for well-formedness, and how PVS''s model checking capabilities can be used to verify invariants and reachability properties of SCR requirements specifications, and inclusion relations between the behaviors of different specifications. These examples demonstrate how several capabilities of the PVS language and verification system can be used in combination to provide customized support for specific methodologies for documenting and analyzing requirements. Because they use only the standard capabilities of PVS, users can adapt and extend these customizations to suit their own needs. Those developing dedicated tools for individual methodologies may find these constructions in PVS helpful for prototyping purposes, or as a useful adjunct to a dedicated tool when the capabilities of a full theorem prover are required. The examples also illustrate the power and utility of an integrated general-purpose system such as PVS. For example, there was no need to adapt or extend the PVS model checker to make it work with SCR specifications described using the PVS TABLE construct: the model checker is applicable to any transition relation, independently of the PVS language constructs used in its definition.


In this article, the results are shown of quantitative oil-and-gas potential assessment for the most promising Bathonian regional reservoir of the Jurassic sediments in the Yenisei-Khatanga territory and the adjacent territory of the Gydan petroleum province. The assessment is based on structural models and formation conditions reconstruction for the reservoir's constituents, permeable complex and caprock. This method has been developed and published by the authors of the present article earlier. Tectonic and lithologic-and-facies criteria are considered. The methodology and results of the oil-and-gas potential assessment of the Bathonian reservoir are described.