The objective of this paper is to describe industry-sponsored student design activities in several departments of the College of Engineering at The University of Tennessee, Knoxville (USA). Student design activities have flourished in these departments for several years. This paper seeks to document the essential elements of these activities, compare common features and point out differences.


This is an attempt to characterise a new unifying generalisation of the practice of software engineers, AI designers, developers of evolutionary forms of computation, etc. This topic overlaps with theoretical biology, developmental psychology and perhaps some aspects of social theory (yet to be developed!). Much of theoretical computer science follows the lead of engineering intuitions and tries to formalise them. Likewise there are important emerging high level cross disciplinary ideas about processes and architectures found in nature that can be uni ed and formalised, extending work done in Alife and evolutionary computation. This paper attempts to provide a conceptual framework for thinking about the tasks. Within this framework we can also nd a new approach to the so-called hard problem of consciousness, based on virtual machine functionalism, and nd a new defence for a version of the \Strong AI" thesis.


Kayleen Schumacher, from Munger, graduated summa cum laude in May 2007 with a Bachelor of Arts Degree in English Education. Additionally, Kayleen completed the Honors Program and a minor in both Psychology and Geography. Kayleen was actively involved in a number of campus organizations including being President of the Alpha Chi National Honors Society and a member of SVSU's Forensics Team. She is pursuing a Masters Degree in English at Central Michigan University. . The Ruth & Ted Braun Awards for Writing Excellence at Saginaw Valley State University


This paper resultant of the inquiry has as an objective to describe and analyze the exercise of the construction process of a Political Institutional Continued Education in the University Hospital of the south region of Brazil. It was a qualitative research, which involved direction members, services coordinators and participants of the continued education programs of the administrative, medical and nursing fields. The data collection was achieved by the focal group technique, through the problem methodology developed in the period March-July of 2005. As problems were distinguished:  communication deficiency, interpersonal relationship and the un-preparedness of the professionals for the management. In conclusion it was revealed, as necessities for the construction of an institutional continued education policy: the importance of interaction among the three areas and the involvement of the general direction; to supply partnerships among the education departments and the University Hospital; and to consider the continued education as inherent to work, making use of the job schedule for such. The creation of commissions was related as a strategy to operate these actions.


Vaso-occlusion is the most signs and symptoms of sickle-cell anemia (SCA). Elevated Homocysteine concentration contributes to form thrombosis, a frequent event in sickle cell anemia. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) is a key enzyme, which modifies homocysteine metabolism, and some polymorphisms of gene encoding this enzyme are accompanied with a decreased activity of the enzyme. The aim of the study was to study the association between the A1298C polymorphism and the incidence of Vaso-occlusive crisis. A case- control study was conducted over a period of one year from Jan- Dec 2014 inclusive, 50 patients were collected together with age, and sex matched healthy control 30 cases. Venous blood samples were collected from groups to estimate serum Homocysteine, folic acid and A1298C polymorphism identification through tetra primer ARMS PCR. Statistical analysis was done, using the student t-test, Pearson correlation analysis and χ2 test. We found that, the homocysteine level was significantly upregulated in the patients group compared with control group with p value > 0.01. Moreover, a strong positive correlation between Homocysteine level and the frequency of Vaso-occlusive crisis was found (χ2= 4.836 and p value 0.04). Association between vaso-occlusive events and polymorphism frequency showed a non-significant difference for the A1298C gene (χ2 = 1.720; p = 0.4231). We conclude that Hyperhomocysteinaemia is positively correlated with the frequency of Vaso occlusive crisis and the presence of A1298C MTHFR gene polymorphism is not a risk factor for vaso-occlusive crisis in the SCD patients.


In deterministic and stochastic control theory, relaxed or randomized control policies allow for versatile mathematical analysis (on continuity, compactness, convexity and approximations) to be applicable with no artificial restrictions on the classes of control policies considered, leading to very general existence results on optimal measurable policies under various setups and information structures. On relaxed controls, two studied topologies are the Young and Borkar (weak$^*$) topologies on spaces of functions from a state/measurement space to the space of probability measures on control action spaces; the former via a weak convergence topology on probability measures on a product space with a fixed marginal on the input (state) space, and the latter via a weak$^*$ topology on randomized policies viewed as maps from states/measurements to the space of signed measures with bounded variation. We establish implication and equivalence conditions between the Young and Borkar topologies on control policies. We then show that, under some conditions, for a controlled Markov chain with standard Borel spaces the invariant measure is weakly continuous on the space of stationary control policies defined by either of these topologies. An implication is near optimality of quantized stationary policies in state and actions or continuous stationary and deterministic policies for average cost control under two sets of continuity conditions (with either weak continuity in the state-action pair or strong continuity in the action for each state) on transition kernels.


Host genetics and the environment influence which fungal microbes colonize a plant. A new study in PLOS Biology finds that the relative influence of these factors changes throughout the development of the biofuel crop switchgrass growing in field settings.


OBJECTIVE The decline in C-peptide in the 5 years after diagnosis of type 1 diabetes has been well studied, but little is known about the longer-term trajectory. We aimed to examine the association between log-transformed C-peptide levels and the duration of diabetes up to 40 years after diagnosis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We assessed the pattern of association between urinary C-peptide/creatinine ratio (UCPCR) and duration of diabetes in cross-sectional data from 1,549 individuals with type 1 diabetes using nonlinear regression approaches. Findings were replicated in longitudinal follow-up data for both UCPCR (n = 161 individuals, 326 observations) and plasma C-peptide (n = 93 individuals, 473 observations). RESULTS We identified two clear phases of C-peptide decline: an initial exponential fall over 7 years (47% decrease/year [95% CI −51, −43]) followed by a stable period thereafter (+0.07%/year [−1.3, +1.5]). The two phases had similar durations and slopes in patients above and below the median age at diagnosis (10.8 years), although levels were lower in the younger patients irrespective of duration. Patterns were consistent in both longitudinal UCPCR (n = 162; ≤7 years duration: −48%/year [−55, −38]; >7 years duration −0.1% [−4.1, +3.9]) and plasma C-peptide (n = 93; >7 years duration only: −2.6% [−6.7, +1.5]). CONCLUSIONS These data support two clear phases of C-peptide decline: an initial exponential fall over a 7-year period, followed by a prolonged stabilization where C-peptide levels no longer decline. Understanding the pathophysiological and immunological differences between these two phases will give crucial insights into understanding β-cell survival.


Abstract : A bathymetric atlas of North Pacific guyots is presented as a series of chartlets along with a description, the derivation of names, and a history of guyots and associated geomorphology. The features were surveyed by swath bathymetric systems that provide total coverage and permit a comprehensive study of guyot geomorphology. A description of navigation and sonar equipment is included. Guyots/seamounts, etc studied include those in the Gulf of Alaska, the Emperor Guyots, the Japanese Seamounts, Michelson Ridge, Dutton Ridge, and the Marcus-Wake Seamounts.


Employing a sapphire whispering gallery mode resonator, we demonstrate features of the spinphoton interaction in cavities with broken time-reflection symmetry. The broken symmetry leads to a lifting of the degeneracy between left-handed and right-handed polarised cavity photons, which results in an observable gyrotropic effect. In the high-Q cavity limit, such a situation requires a modification of the Tavis-Cummings Hamiltonian to take into account conservation of spin angular momentum and the corresponding selection rules. As a result, the system is represented by a system of two linearly coupled bosonic modes, with each one coupled to its own sub-ensemble of two-level systems with different energy splittings. In the experimental example, these sub-ensembles originate from Fe 3+ impurity ions effectively seen as a two level systems at the interaction frequency. The temperature dependence of the population of each sub-ensemble (in terms of effective susceptibility of the medium) is determined experimentally in accordance with the theoretical predictions revealing various paramagnetic impurity types in the solid. The regimes of backscatterer and spin ensemble domination are discussed and compared.


Desalinated brackish groundwater is becoming a new source of water supply to comply with growing water demands, especially in (semi) arid countries. Irrigation with desalinated or a blend of desalinated and ground/surface water, presents associated impacts on plants, soil and aquifer media. Mixed waters with different salinities can lead to the formation of unexpected chemical precipitates. The use of desalted
groundwater for irrigation counts with potential drawbacks, among them: changes of hydraulic properties of soil-aquifer systems (e.g. hydraulic conductivity, porosity) as a consequence of mineral precipitation; root growth blockage and plant uptake of pollutants; as well as leaching of contaminants to groundwater. An experimental plot located at SE Spain, covered by grass and irrigated by sprinklers with a blend of desalted and groundwater from a brackish aquifer has been monitored in order to characterize at field scale the possible impacts on soil hydraulic properties.


Aquaprocessing (AQP) is a novel method that offers higher conversion level under asphaltenes stability limit. It is a process of steam catalytic cracking using unsupported ultradispersed catalyst. Following a 2011 published work by Fathi and Pereira on upgrading a paraffinic residuum from Arab Light Vacuum Residue (ALVR) by AQP, this work investigates a proposed lumped kinetic model for the upgrading of ALVR via AQP for the first time. The model is evaluated based on experimental results conducted in a continuous upflow open tubular pilot-plant reactor under short-space times and under conditions distant from coke formation. The proposed model is based on five cascaded lumps generated at and below the asphaltenes stability limit: 540 °C+ ALVR, VGO (455–540 °C), distillates (204–455 °C), naphtha (IBP–204 °C), and gases. The model compositions are found close to the experimental values with mean absolute percentage errors (MAPEs) of <5.5%.


The mechanical properties of AZ91 Magnesium alloys were predicted with the artificial neural network and radial basis function network.An optimal algorithm was made by applying the growing and pruning method(GAP) and gradient descent method.The results show that the network with the optimal algorithm has a high speed of convergence and good quality of prediction,which will be an effective assistant method for alloy design.


At the present time, soil carbon sequestration is of paramount importance to address the imminent threat of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide, which is looming large on the very survival and existence of the biome. The quantum of all carbon everywhere in the globe is same and fixed. It exists to the tune of 800 Pg in the atmosphere, 1700 Pg in terrestrial and 38000 Pg in aquatic ecosystem. Even though, the terrestrial carbon stock is quite meagre in comparision to aquatic carbon stock, yet it warrants attention because it is readily amenable to anthropogenic manipulations and potentially respond to modifications and management. The potential for carbon sequestration in crop-based agriculture globally is 20-30 Pg carbon, whereas, that of -1 India is 0.039-0.049 Pg carbon y or about 47% of current annual fossil fuel emission. The quantity of soil organic carbon (SOC) that will be stored in an ecosystem depends on quantity and quality of organic matter returned to the soil matrix, ability of soil to retain organic carbon and abiotic influences of both temperature and precipitation. Hence, organic agriculture holds added promise to sequester and enhance the SOC pool.


We report compositional data for several foods that comprise the annual diet among Hadza foragers near Lake Eyasi in northern Tanzania. Samples collected during daily gathering trips over three "eldwork seasons were prepared according to Hadza methods. All three types of honey show moisture and starch levels similar to United States' honeys but higher levels of protein, fat, and ash. Several samples had signi"cant fat levels probably due to the inclusion of bee larvae. The macronutrient composition of six fruits is comparable to those of agricultural fruits, although they were somewhat higher in crude protein, carbohydrate, and energy and somewhat lower in fat. Baobab seed #our and fruit pulp are low in energy compared with most previously published results, partially because our study measured "ber directly, unlike the methods used in any other studies. Baobab seed is high in protein and fat as reported in other studies. Our "eld observations, in combination with our analytical data, suggest that baobab seed is an important source of energy and protein for these foragers. ( 2001 Academic Press


The rôle of the smooth muscle in anaphylaxis has been thus summarized by Kolmer (1).
 The single prominent feature of anaphylaxis in all the species of animals is the effect upon the unstriated muscle. The lesions and symptoms in animals of different species are readily explained upon differences in the distribution of involuntary muscle. The exciting substance … produces immediate and transitory or protracted effects due to contraction which may be followed by relaxation. Such structural changes in the cells of various organs as have been described are readily explainable on the basis of vascular occlusion or dilitation with transudation.
 In order to test the universality of the smooth muscle reaction as a manifestation of sensitization, the body-wall and the crop of the earthworm as smooth muscle preparations, as described by Straub (2) and Mines (3), were employed in this study.


The study aims at examining (i) the influence of learning model (discovery learning and cooperative learning of NHT type) on response and Mathematics learning outcomes of grade VIII students at SMPN 3 in Makassar, (ii) the influence of emotional intelligence on response and Mathematics learning outcomes of grade VIII students at SMPN 3 in Makassar, (iii) the influence of interactions between emotional intelligence and learning model (discovery learning and cooperative learning of NHT type) applied to grade VIII students at SMPN 3 in Makassar. The population of the study was grade VIII students at SMPN 3 in Makassar of academic year 2015/2016 which consisted of 9 homogenous classes with the total of 351 students. Two out of nine classes were chosen as the experiment  units as experiment class 1 and experiment class 2 taken by employing simple random sampling technique and obtained class VIII 7 as the experiment class 1 and class VIII 9 as the experiment class 2. Class VIII 7 as the experiment class I applied discovery learning and class VIII 9 as the experiment class 2 applied cooperative learning model of NHT type. The type of the study was quasi experiment which characterized by the treatment on the objects to be studied. Data were collected by employing observation sheet, questionnaire, test, and documentation study. Data were then analyzed by using MANOVA with IBM SPSS Amos version 20. The results of the study reveal that (i) there is influence of learning model (discovery  learning and cooperative  learning  of NHT type) on the response  and Mathematics learning outcomes of grade VIII students at SMPN 3 in Makassar, in this case the response  and Mathematics  learning outcomes of students who were taught by using discovery learning is higher than the ones taught by using cooperative learning model of NHT type, (ii) there is influence of emotional intelligence (high and low) on students' response and Mathematics learning outcomes of grade VIII students at SMPN 3 in Makassar, in this case the response and Mathematics learning outcomes of students who have high emotional intelligence is higher than the students who have  low emotional  intelligence,  and  (iii) there  is influence  of interactions between  learning  model  and  emotional  intelligence  on  students' response  and Mathematics  learning  outcomes  of  grade  VIII  students  at  SMPN  3  in  Makassar.


【Objective】The objective of this study is to research the morphological plasticity on clonal reproduction and plant morphologic characters under different water conditions of Mikania micrantha H.B.Kunth which is considered one of the most invasive and destructive species in the world,and to strengthen capability in early warning and control.【Method】Soil-water conditions on drought and flood were simulated in the artificial climate box,and the survival rate on different phytomers of clonal plant M.micrantha were tested,then in a greenhouse,four types of soil-water conditions of low,medium,high and flood were simulated,respectively,and morphological characteristics,biomass accumulation and biomass allocation patterns were measured.【Result】In addition to the internode and adventitious roots,soil water content had a significant effect on survival rate of vegetative phytomers of M.micrantha,and the survival rate of different vegetative phytomers was different at the same soil water content.When the soil water content was 12.5%,the survival rate of adventitious root + node,adventitious root + root stock + node was significantly higher than others,while the leaf could not live.Then as the soil-water content increased,clonal reproducibility of vegetative phytomers of M.micrantha was gradually strengthened.At the drowned conditions,when the water depth at 1cm,the internode,node,adventitious root,adventitious root+ node could not live,but the survival rate of other phytomers was more than 80%.All the vegetative phytomers of M.micrantha couldn't survive at the water depth 6 cm.As the soil water content increased,the main stem length,total branch length,leaf area and internode length of M.micrantha increased.Branch number reached peak in high soil water content,but no significant difference with other treatments.In medium soil water content,stem node reached maximum,then gradually decreased with soil water content increase.Biomass accumulations and allocation of above-ground,stem and leaf increased with soil water content increase.In medium soil water content,biomass allocation of stem reached the maximum.Underground biomass reached maximum in the highest soil water content,but decrease in the drowned conditions,but the allocation of underground biomass decreased with soil moisture content increase.【Conclusion】 Soil-water conditions had an obvious effect on clonal reproduction ability and morphological plasticity characteristics of M.micrantha,and it could clonal reproduction and growth in the drought(12.5% water content of the soil) and flood(the water depth at 1 cm) conditions,but it could not survive in the water depth 6 cm.


Advantages acquisition is a very important tool for obtaining information regarding the financial position. To assess the financial performance of a business venture, required some specific benchmarks or standards. The standard can be either historical comparison or financial comparison with the financial data in the prior year period. Without such a comparison, will not be known whether the performance of a task force showed increased or decreased. From the description that has been previously described problems can be formulated as follows: "Analysis of Profitability Profit Housing Development on Sustainable PT.Sejahtera consisting Profitability ratio of 2010 to 2012 the average decline". Problem solving and hypothesis verification is done by analyzing the ratio of Pofitabilitas (Net Profit Margin, Return on Equity, Return on total assets), as well as the percentage per component analysis is done by comparing an item to the total in the same financial statements to calculate the growth and look at the financial performance PT.Sejahtera Lestari in 2010 until 2012. The analysis showed that there was a tendency on average improved financial performance PT.Sejahtera Lestari. Based on these explanations, the hypothesis is accepted, but not the case there is a tendency of decrease in the average profitability ratio that PT.Sejahtera Sustainable financial performance declined. Based on these explanations, the hypothesis is rejected.


The article views details of restoration of communicative situations in various arts poetry, painting, cinema, and reasons the dependency between representing "intratextual audience" (the public) and the writer's intentions. The focus of the article is with intermedia translation, i.e. recreation of the archetypal situations interpreted in dual perspective historic and universal. The article writer clarifies the meaning of such device as "the reduction of the public" on the material of two versions of paintings by the artist Konstantin Yuon.


Synthetic ester is gaining popularity as an eco-friendly replacement for mineral oil in power transformers. Hence, there is a necessity to adopt or develop techniques to monitor the condition of ester-based insulating liquids. Conductivity is one of the commonly used oil-quality indicators due to its sensitivity to contaminations in the liquid. This paper studies the conductivity of a synthetic ester and the impact of temperature and moisture content as external influence factors. In general, the conductivity of the synthetic ester was higher than conventional mineral oil. The conductivity of the synthetic ester was nearly constant at high frequencies. However, the space charge accumulation resulted in a reduction in the conductivity at frequencies below 0.01 Hz. Furthermore, an increase in the temperature and moisture content resulted in an increase in the conductivity of the ester, which can be associated with an increase in the charge drift velocity and dissociated charge carriers.


The efficiency of visual interactive technique of spatial data exchange in vector format CADGIS Integrator between different types of CAD and GIS has been shown. The universal interchange format of vector spatial data as well as commercial software product В состав данной технологии входят «CADGIS Integrator», including independent service of geo-data translation and plug-in options for existing GIS and CAD platforms, are included into this technology. This technology allows automating and efficiently exchanging the materials between different types of GIS and CAD platforms.


The ongoing initiative of business process re-engineering in organisations has largely been attributed to innovations in information technologies that have enabled firms to increase productivity in their operations. The following paper addresses essential concepts in supply chain networks and describes the systems approach the U.S. automotive industry has implemented to augment their supply chain management initiatives. The focus of re-engineering the supply chain is enhanced data capture and analysis of activities in various segments of the chain which augments organisational information flow and knowledge generation resulting in communication of proactive decision making throughout the supply network to maintain operational efficiency.


Late Badenian foraminifers from the Vienna Basin (Central Paratethys): stable isotope study and paleoecological implications Paleoecological interpretations based on stable isotope study of benthic (Uvigerina semiornata) and planktonic (Globigerina bulloides, Globigerinoides trilobus) foraminiferal shells from the Paratethys Vienna Basin (southwestern Slovakia) are presented. The study was performed on sediments of the Devínska Nová Ves-clay pit deposited during the Middle and Late Badenian (Middle Miocene). Our δ13C data show an enhanced nutrient input to the water column and the organic matter accumulation at the bottom of the Vienna Basin. The remineralization of accumulated organic matter on the sea floor resulted in the formation of oxygen-depleted zones, where no oxic indicators but the oxygen-deficiency tolerant species were found. Positive benthic δ18O signal can be attributed to the influence of the global cooling recognized in the world-ocean during the Middle Miocene. At the same time, variations observed in the water column are interpreted as reflecting the local temperature and salinity changes resulting from the fluvial and rain inflow. The differences between surface and bottom water temperature reflect the stratification of the water column. Such stratification might be related to the isolation process of Central Paratethys in the Badenian. This study confirms that δ13C and δ18O are not always in isotopic equilibrium with the ambient water but are also influenced by vital effects (respiration, symbiont photosynthesis …). The vital effects led to the incorporation of isotopically light metabolic CO2 into Globigerina bulloides resulting in high similarity between δ13C values of Uvigerina and Globigerina. It has been shown that the extremely high δ13C and very low δ18O of Globigerinoides trilobus clearly imply the influence of algal photosymbionts.


Using quantum hydrodynamic (QHD) model, a comprehensive investigation of propagation of longitudinal acousto-electric wave in colloids laden semiconductor plasmas is presented. It is noticed that the Bohm potential in the wave spectrum of the semiconductor plasma enhances the gain and also modifies the amplification characteristics of sound wave for both cases in which colloidal particles are either stationary (0d = 0) or streaming (0d ≠ 0). The result of this investigation would be useful in understanding the characteristics of longitudinal electro-acoustic wave in magnetized n-type piezoelectric semiconductor quantum plasma and would be helpful in the fabrication of acousto-electric devices.


Ethnopharmacological relevance : Mimosa caesalpiniifolia popularly known as "sabiá" or "sansão-do-campo" is a Brazilian Northeast native perennial tree used for several purposes and in traditional medicine is used for inflammatory diseases, hypertension and fungal infections. Aim of the study: The objective of this study was to identify the compounds in the hydroalcoholic extract of EEM leaves encapsulated with aerosil ® 20%, and to evaluate their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Material and methods : The antioxidant activity of EEM leaf hydroalcoholic extract was determined by using both the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging and the oxygen radical absorbance capacity in vitro assay. The phytochemical study of EEM was analyzed by experiments with FIA-ESI-IT-MS n (Direct Flow Analysis-ionization Electrospray Ion Trap Tandem Mass Spectrometry). Anti-inflammatory properties of EEM were evaluated in ear edema induced by xylene in rats. Results: The phytochemical investigation of EEM resulted in the identification of flavonoids glycosides (m/z 563, 579, 621) and derivatives of catechin (m/z 595, 611, 741 and 757). EEM leaf extract had antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. EEM (125 and 250mg/kg, p.o.) significantly inhibited the ear edema induced by xylene (52% and 64% respectively). Conclusion: Our results suggest the antioxidant action and the anti-inflammatory effect in the mouse ear edema model of EEM are related to the presence of flavonoids and catechin derivatives revealed in phytochemical screening. These results support the ethnopharmacological use of Mimosa caesalpiniifolia in folk medicine.


Abstract— The systematic study of the method for measuring the spectral distribution of extra‐weak light signals, such as from biochemical systems and living tissues involving chemi‐ and bio‐energized processes, led to the design and construction of a new type of spectrometer, called the filter spectral analyzer system, incorporated with the high‐sensitivity photon counting technique. Experimental tests to examine the operational characteristics of this filter spectral analyzer system and comparisons of the signal‐to‐noise ratio with a conventional grating spectrometer were made by accomplishing the spectral analysis of low‐level light sources. The measurement of the spectra of very weak chemilumines‐cence accompanying various kinds of chemical and biological processes, including autoxidation and enzymatic reaction were performed successfully.


Oscillatory shear is a widely used characterization technique for complex fluids but the microstructural changes that produce the material response are not well understood. We apply a recent micromechanical model to soft particle glasses subjected to oscillatory flow. We use particle scale simulations at small, intermediate and large strain amplitudes to determine their microstructure, particle scale mobility, and macroscopic rheology. The macroscopic properties computed from simulations quantitatively agree with experimental measurements on well-characterized microgel suspensions, which validate the model. At the mesoscopic scale, the evolution of the particle pair distribution during a cycle reveals the physical mechanisms responsible for yielding and flow and also leads to quantitative prediction of shear stress. At the local scale, the particles remain trapped inside their surrounding cage below the yield strain and yielding is associated with the onset of large scale rearrangements and shear-induced diffusion. This multiscale analysis thus highlights the distinct microscopic events that make these glasses exhibit a combination of solid-like and liquid-like behavior.


An auxiliary testing device for an oscilloscope probes comprises a testing platform, a probe bracket and a plurality of testing arms. The probe bracket is arranged above the testing platform. The probe bracket is provided with a plurality of probe jacks for mounting the oscilloscope probes. The probe jacks are in one-to-one correspondence with the testing arms. Rotation and length adjustment of the testing arm can be performed relative to the probe bracket. One end, which is far from the probe jacks, of each testing arm is provided with a probe which corresponds with the probe jack. A connecting lead is arranged between the probe jack and the probe. The auxiliary testing device for the oscilloscope probes is provided with the probe jacks for mounting the oscilloscope probes. Furthermore the probe jacks and the probes are connected through the testing arms. Rotation and length adjustment of the testing arms can be performed relative to the probe bracket for adjusting the position of the probes, thereby ensuring sufficient contact between the probes and testing points. In use, testing can be performed just through inserting oscilloscope probes into corresponding jacks, thereby realizing convenient use, saving manpower and time and improving testing accuracy.


Let $(M, g)$ be a complete Riemannian 3-manifold that is asymptotic to Schwarzschild with positive mass and which has non-negative scalar curvature.
We show that there are no outlying closed embedded stable constant mean curvature surfaces in $(M, g)$ whose area radius is much larger than their distance from the center of the manifold. On the way, we uncover a subtle relationship between the optimal constant in the classical Minkowski inequality and the estimate on the Hawking quasi-local mass due to D. Christodoulou and S.-T. Yau.
Together with the contributions of G. Huisken and S.-T. Yau, J. Qing and G. Tian, S. Brendle and the second-named author, as well as the work of A. Carlotto and the authors, our result here completes the unconditional characterization of large closed embedded stable constant mean curvature surfaces in $(M, g)$ with vanishing scalar curvature: they are all leaves of the canonical foliation discovered by G. Huisken and S.-T. Yau.


A composite is a structural material that consists of two or more combined constituents that are combined at a macroscopic level and are not soluble in each other. One constituent is called the reinforcing phase and the one in which it is embedded is called the matrix. The reinforcing phase material may be in the form of fibers, particles, or flakes. The matrix phase materials are generally continuous. The present investigation of Sisal (Agave sisalana) and Glass fibers are used for fabricating the composite specimen. The Sisal, Isothalic polyester resin and the catalyst Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide (MEKP) are utilized to produce the composite. The accelerator used for the investigation is Cobalt Napthanate and is added as 1% with the resign and the catalyst.


The crossed‐beam thermal lens technique provides measurements of very weak absorbances with good spatial resolution. By recording the thermal lens signal as a function of position within an inhomogeneous sample, it is possible to form an image based upon the absorbance and thermal diffusivity of the sample.


BACKGROUND:
The aim of this study is to identify and analyse patients presenting to the general surgical outpatient department with breast related complaints such as breast pain and nipple discharge without the presence of history of breast lump to aid in the identifying the incidence of carcinoma breast in these patients.
PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Our study includes 50 patients who present to the general surgical out patient department with the history of complaints of breast related complaints such as breast pain and nipple discharge without the presence of breast lump.
RESULTS:
In our study, we have identified that the most common diagnosis to be made in patients who present to the general surgical out patient department with breast related complaints was found to be Aberrations in Normal Development and Involution (ANDI) which consisted of diseases such as fibrocystic disease of breast and fibroadenoma. It was found that carcinoma breast was diagnosed with a frequency of much less than benign breast diseases and the incidence of carcinoma breast was found to be very minimal in comparing to benign breast diseases.
CONCLUSION:
The most common disease in the female population with breast related complaints such as breast pain and nipple discharge without the presence of breast lump is found to be Aberrations in Normal Development and Involution (ANDI). Carcinoma breast is diagnosed with very less frequency than benign breast diseases in patients presenting with these type of complaints. But, the clinical suspicion of carcinoma breast should always be kept in mind and further evaluation of female patients should always be done who present to the out patient department with breast related complaints.


The induction motor is well known as the workhorse of industry. The development of variable speed induction motor drives has a long history of more than four decades. Today's sophisticated industrial drives are the result of the extensive research and development during the last decades. In this paper the historical and recent developments and major milestones in control of induction motors are pointed out first and second how research results were translated into today's industrial standards, and third at last, what are the current trends in research and industry are summarized.


Abstract The Grampian Mobile Information Bus (MIB) is a community-based intervention that provides health and related information for young people aged 1218 years living in rural areas in the north-east of Scotland. The MIB is a partnership project involving health and local authorities and voluntary organisations, and operates as a mobile outreach service for this group of young people. This paper provides an overview of the early implementation and evaluation of the MIB initiative. The strengths and limitations of the project and its evaluation are discussed. Findings suggest that this initiative proved very popular with the intended target group, with users reporting high levels of satisfaction. In addition, it suggests that an initiative of this nature has the potential to mobilise local agencies in addressing their health and local needs. However, at this early stage in the project's lifetime, it is impossible to determine if changes made to the provision of services with local communities, attributed to the work of the MIB project, can be sustained in the longer term. This will require further research.


The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the impact on latency and power consumption of certain usage environments for selected communication protocols that have been designed for resource cons ...


The aim of this work was to characterize physically the combination of substratum components with cellulose residue. The research was conducted at Soil Physics Laboratory in UNESP – Campus de Ilha Solteira – SP. It was used three substratum component: sand, soil and organic compound (grass + manure decomposed by 90 days) and the cellulose residue. The experimental design was entirely randomized with eight treatments and three repetitions. The treatments was: T1 = pure cellulose residue; T2 = residue + soil (1:1); T3 = residue + sand (1:1); T4 = residue + compound (1:1); T5 = residue + soil + sand (1:1:1); T6 = residue + soil + compound (1:1:1); T7 = residue + sand + compound (1:1:1) and T8 = residue + soil + sand + compound (1:1:1:1). It was analyzed macro and microporosity and total porosity, substratum density, particles density, container capacity, electric conductivity and pH. The pure cellulose residue presented all the physics recommendation for substratum to seedlings production. In relation to electric conduction it was recommended to mixture cellulose residue with soil and


According to the complex, heavy workload and low automation of traditional dielectric loss measurement, a digital and automatic measurement system based on electronic technology and PC technology is designed. The system can work in two modes, has features such as automatic calibration and automatic range. It can achieve the functions of fast dielectric loss measurement, data storage and analysis and report output. Through the field test and analysis of the data, the result shows that the measurement system is accurate.


Growth of cattle was measured between 1974-75 and 1980-81 on a white clover (Trifolium repens) and carpet grass (Axonopus affinis) pasture receiving superphosphate applied at 0, 12, 24, and48 kg P/ha annually. Hereford weaner steers grazed the pastures at 1.67, 2.5, and 3.3 steers/ha. Linear responses to superphosphate and stocking rate were significant (P<0.001). The model estimating steer liveweight response to superphosphate comprised a long-term quadratic trend with seasonal variations. The liveweight response to superphosphate application was greatest in liveweight response to superphosphate applied at12 kg P/ha increased from 6.1 kg/steer.45 days in year 1 to 10.6 kg/steer.45 days in year 7. Average liveweight responses to 48 kg P/ha also increased from 34.0 kg/steer.45 days in year 1 to 78 kg/steer.45 days in year 7. Annual liveweight gain of steers at the low stocking rate (1.67/ha) without superphosphate declined from 165 kg/steer in year 1 to 38 kg/steer in year 7, while 24 kg P/ha maintained liveweight gain at 120-220 kg/steer. Annual liveweight gain was negatively related to stocking rate, averaging -31.3 kg/steer for each increment in stocking rate. Calculated stocking rates giving maximum liveweight production (122-469 kg/ha) varied between 2.2 and 3.6 steers/ha. Annual liveweight gain of steers was related to bicarbonate-extractable soil P using the exponential model, which accounted for 19% spring and least in autumn each year. Seasonal of the variation.It was concluded that maintenance dressings of superphosphate would be required when available soil P levels fell below 30 mg/kg, in order to maintain liveweight gains on white clover-Axonopus pastures. The linear response model will assist producers to decide on rates of superphosphate.


It is generally believed that data is very important in news reporting, especially in modern news outlets. Data can help people to understand the world better, and with data, the truth is discovered during the news content. In other words, people live in a real world surrounded by data, and now everything can become data. Therefore, people must learn how to use and analyze the data in news reporting. This article discussed the data journalism in China; a qualitative research method was designed to explore the situation among Chinese journalists and journalism students. It is concluded that cooperation between computers and journalists will be a new trend in the field of data journalism. Keywords—journalism; China; importance; reasons


Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide for both men and women (http://www.who.int/ news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds)). Through the use of coronary artery bypass surgery, percutaneous coronary intervention, and medical therapy, there has been an improvement in life expectancy and quality of life in those with coronary artery disease. Unfortunately, there are a subset of patients who continue to experience angina despite being on optimal medical therapy and have disease burden not amenable to revascularization; if symptoms are ongoing for more than 3 months, it is often referred to as 'refractory angina'. These patients pose a challenge to cardiologists as they are difficult to treat and options are limited. In the last decade, several new therapies such as spinal cord stimulation, stem cell therapy, and laser revascularization have emerged. However, these are invasive and have yet to show a clinical benefit [1,2].


There are more than forties years for theory of pitches-class since originated. The paper sort out the researching situation to the theory of pitches-class in the West at present, and based on it, the writer concluded the development features of the development features in the West.


The purpose of this study is to analyze the development of the melon cultivation industry in the world and in Russia in the context of globalization and economic integration. Systematic and comparative analyzes of information and statistical data of the Russian Federation and the United Nations were used in the research. Despite the fact that Russia has significant soil and climatic resources for the production of melons and gourds, the crop productivity is almost three times lower than the world average. The main areas of commercial melon cultivation in Russia are highlighted. Data on the main indicators are given (crop productivity, land under cultivation and gross output) for the regions of the Russian Federation and the districts of the Volgograd region. The analysis findings are the identification of the main trends in the development of Russian melon cultivation industry. The main ways to increase the gross output of melons and gourds are outlined. An increase in crop productivity is one of the reserves for growth in the production of food melons and gourds. The determining factor for a high and stable productivity of melons and gourds is the creation and introduction of high-quality varieties and hybrids of intensive type crops into production, as well as the use of new agricultural techniques.


This paper proposes and axiomatizes a recursive version of the vector expected utility (VEU) decision model (Siniscalchi, 2009). Recursive VEU preferences are dynamically consistent and "consequentialist." Dynamic consistency implies standard Bayesian updating of the baseline (reference) prior in the VEU representation, but imposes no constraint on the adjustment functions and one-step-ahead adjustment factors. This delivers both tractability and flexibility. Recursive VEU preferences are also consistent with a dynamic, i.e. intertemporal extension of atemporal VEU preferences. Dynamic consistency is characterized by a timeseparability property of adjustments—the VEU counterpart of Epstein and Schneider (2003)'s rectangularity for multiple priors. A simple exchangeability axiom ensures that the baseline prior admits a representation à la de Finetti, as an integral of i.i.d. product measures with respect to a unique probability μ. Jointly with dynamic consistency, the same axiom also implies that μ is updated via Bayes' Rule to provide an analogous representation of baseline posteriors. Finally, an application to a dynamic economy à la Lucas (1978) is sketched.


4 " Whinge " is a slang term meaning to complain excessively about one's travails in life. It's origin is guessed to be British, or, at least, if you want to publicly " whinge " about something, the U.K. is where web sites for whinging abound. You can even win money for the best " whinge " of the week. But this column is not about the origin of whinge, but the whinges I hear from people whose paper is rejected by CHI. It varies from " I am not going to attend the conference any more: All they want is very academic papers " to " the reviewers are unfair. " I think I can talk comfortably about this issue. After all, CHI 2001 rejected my paper and CHI 2000 rejected a completely different one. I have a nice file drawer of rejected papers from SIGCHI-sponsored conferences, and from many other sources. They are useful for encouraging disheartened students. So, what is going on with the paper rejections? First, anyone with a paper rejected from a CHI conference has a lot of company. Only the top 15-17 percent of papers are accepted. This means that the competition for those few paper slots is very keen. There is a baking contest in the United States that gives out handsome prizes. It is called the Pillsbury Bakeoff. The contest is supposed to be a way for the traditional housewife to send in her favorite recipe and become suddenly famous for the little bit of cooking magic she invented for her family. It is naïve of any typical American housewife to think she has a chance of winning this contest. The people who enter and win this prize are professional baking contest enterers who work on their recipes an entire year before the contest submission deadline. The people who are in the CHI conference program are professional researchers who start their next CHI paper right after the September CHI submission deadline has just passed. And each of these professionals has a drawer of rejected papers. They also submit more than one paper, sometimes as many as four. The competition is severe because the stakes are so high. Jobs are granted and withdrawn based on the publication outlets researchers can demonstrate having achieved. When we talk about CHI being the premier HCI conference, we mean that only the best work gets published in …


A decreasing radius k-nearest neighbor search algorithm for the mapping-based indexing schemes is presented. We implement the algorithm in the Pyramid technique and the iMinMax(θ), respectively. The Pyramid technique divides d-dimensional data space into 2d pyramids, and the iMinMax(θ) divides the data points into d partitions. Given a query point q, we initialize the radius of a range query to be the furthest distance of the k candidate nearest neighbors from q in the pyramid (partition) which q is in, then examine the rest of the pyramids (partitions) one by one. After one pyramid (partition) is checked, the radius of the range query decreases or remains the same. We compare the decreasing radius k-nearest neighbor search algorithm with the increasing radius k-nearest neighbor search algorithm using the Pyramid technique and the iMinMax(θ). Moreover, the decreasing radius k-nearest neighbor search performance of these two mapping-based indexing schemes is compared to the BBD-tree, the R∗-tree and naive search. Experimental results show that our decreasing radius k-nearest neighbor search algorithm for the mapping-based indexing schemes is efficient when d ≤ log2 n.


IN DECEMBER 2012 ABE SHINZO RETURNED TO POWER AFTER FIVE years in the political wilderness. Since taking office he has solidified his political leadership by winning all successive elections, paving the way to becoming one of the longest tenured premiers in postwar Japan. His security and foreign policies have already changed the landscape of international relations in East Asia as Tokyo's relations with Seoul and Beijing spiraled down to new lows for the post-Cold War era. Abe's new security policy, under the slogan "Proactive Contribution to Peace," helped bring the Japan-US alliance to an unprecedented level of closeness, clearly pitted against China. The Abe government is also potentially challenging the China-centered new economic order by promoting the US-led Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) trade network. Abe's decision to enter the TPP talks became a game changer in the race for free trade agreements in Asia and the Pacific.All these changes motivate the authors in this special issue to restore agency to Japan as a catalytic actor in complex regional trends and provide a more balanced and complete picture of Northeast Asian international relations, which has been overly focused on US-China relations. Explanations these days of transformations in the East Asian regional order mainly focus on themes such as China's "peaceful rise," the US "pivot to Asia," Chinese leader Xi Jinping's "new model of great power relations," and China's "new type of neighboring relations" with Asian countries. Sino-US relations are indisputably important, but US-China competition and cooperation are not the only independent variables in the East Asian regional order. With the reemergence of Prime Minister Abe, Japan's presence and influence have been on the rise, and the articles in this special issue by Hiroshi Nakanishi and Takashi Terada focus on the Abe cabinet's ideology, identity, and policies, while T. J. Pempel critically evaluates the Abe effect in the Japanese economy, domestic politics, and the region. Xiaoming Zhang offers a comprehensive overview of JapanChina relations after Abe's comeback. John Delury provides a genealogical analysis of Korea-Japan relations, while I explore how Abe's policy has influenced South Korea's regional strategic posture.In explaining the Abe effect, we adopt a synthetic approach to the international relations of Northeast Asia. Considering that Japan's military capabilities are basically unchanged, the realist theory of international relations, which posits that a shift in the balance of power between countries would threaten its security, fails to explain Japan's challenge to regional harmony. Likewise, mainstream liberalist theory cannot account for the Abe effect, given that Japan's economy remains highly integrated through trade, investment, and financial networks. …


This study was made in an attempt to determine whether or not the manuals for the reading textbooks published since 1930 meet the standards set up by the leading educators in the field of reading.


BACKGROUND: Depression is a psychiatric complication that mostly associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) disease. For people in HIV positive infection stage, unstable and declining physical conditions followed by the appearance of physical symptoms and intense social pressure from the environment can be a source of stress that results in depression. After entering the stage of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), depression is more susceptible to experience because of worsening health conditions. Furthermore, patients also often feel that their life will be not long so that everything that happens in his or her life will be in vain which will have an impact on their quality of life. AIM: The objective of the study was to determine the correlation between Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) II and World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) scores in stage III of HIV/AIDS patients at Pusyansus RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan. METHODS: This study is a cross-sectional study using a correlative analytic design, which was conducted at the Pusyansus Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan, North Sumatra, from May 2019 to November 2019. The research subjects were 65 people diagnosed with HIV/AIDS stage III. The degree of depression was measured based on the BDI II and the quality of life was measured based on the WHOQOL-BREF. CONCLUSION: There is a significant correlation between BDI II score and WHOQOL-BREF score in HIV/AIDS patients stage III at the RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan Hospital. Edited by: Branislav Filipović Citation: Yulia E, Amin MM, Loebis B, Nasution NM. Correlation between Beck Depression Inventory and World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF Scores in Stage III of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Patients at Central Public Hospital of Pusyansus RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2021 Jun 09; 9(T3):75-80. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6310


Caverna dos Ecos (Echoes Cave; Sociedade Brasileira de Espeleologia register number GO-18) occurs at 15o40 ́S, 48o15 ́W, and 1050 m altitude in the Municipality of Cocalzinho, State of Goiás (GO), about 60 km west of Brasília, central Brazil (Fig. 1). Contrary to typical regions of carbonate caves, there is no evidence whatsoever of karstic relief, either at the local scale or on aerial photographs, that might suggest the presence of this or any other cave in this area. This paper describes the morphology and geology of the cave and proposes a model for its formation based on a detailed study of geologic structures in the cave. Exploration and mapping of Caverna dos Ecos was first carried out by the Espeleo Grupo de Brasília in the 1970s. Remapping by the Grupo de Espeleologia da Geologia of the University of Brasília between 1990 and 1996 increased its known dimensions. Despite its relatively small proportion of carbonate rocks and isolated nature, Caverna dos Ecos is a remarkable subterranean karstic feature held in special esteem by Brazilian speleologists as no other Brazilian cave of comparable size is known from similar lithologies (mica schist, quartzite, and marble), with ~70% of its volume developed within schists and quartzite. The cave also represents a potential geotechnical hazard, as a road, albeit a secondary dirt track, passes directly over the unsuspected and surficially undetectable, voluminous 35-m high Hall of Clouds. REGIONAL CONTEXT OF THE CAVE


This paper provides a short summary on some of the key debates emerging around visual social media. In particular we discuss the role of camera phones in issues of intimacy and co-presence.


Identity and literacy range can change as the technology develops (Lotherington, 2007). This means that everybody can express different identity depending on the situation they are in. Besides, the scope of literacy itself is not merely about conventional writing (O'Brien, 2005). It becomes broader to multi-literacies as technology areas are considered to be the means to mediate literacy development which would influence the identity formation or identity act. This can be seen from the language used in the internet or the 'netspeak' (Crystal, 2006). 'Engdonesian' which is the combination of English and Indonesian languages as one of the 'netspeaks' is chosen to be analysed in this paper. The 'Engdonesian' which may perform certain role to express the users' online identity is the real sample of English as a second language effect on Indonesian as the first language. The data containing 'Engdonesian' was taken from the writer's blog or personal online journal on Friendster site that was individually published on 24 February 2008. Two questions are formulated in this study. They are (1) how does English as the second language influence Indonesian as the first language as in 'Engdonesian' appeared on the blog? (2) how is the second language identity of the writer (me) manifested seen through the influence of second language on the first language as in 'Engdonesian' on the blog? The analysis shows that English influence on the first language is to express the writer's online second language identity which might be different to when the writer is offline. English was inserted on Indonesian writing on the blog so that the writer may feel accepted in the online community. That is because the alterations of language as on the code-switching and the reverse transfer may not mean that there are no Indonesian words to express what the writer wants to say on the blog. Therefore, the Indonesian language containing English influence as in code-switching and backward transfer was employed so that it would be more blog-friendly. Keywords : second language identity, internet literacy, first language


Mechanical ventilation (MV) is associated with diaphragmatic oxidative stress that contributes to both diaphragmatic atrophy and contractile dysfunction. However, the pathways responsible for oxidant production in the diaphragm during MV remain unknown. To address this issue, we tested the hypothesis that diaphragmatic nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity is elevated during MV resulting in nitration of diaphragmatic proteins. Rats were mechanically ventilated for 18 hours and time matched, anesthetized, but spontaneously breathing animals served as controls. Diaphragmatic NOS activity, protein levels of eNOS, iNOS, and nNOS were measured and 3‐nitrotyrosine levels were also determined as an index of protein nitration. MV did not promote an increase in diaphragmatic protein levels of eNOS, nNOS or total NOS activity. Moreover, iNOS was not detected in the diaphragms of either experimental group. Consistent with these findings, MV did not elevate diaphragmatic 3‐nitrotyrosine levels in any sub‐cellular fraction of the diaphragm including the cytosolic, mitochondrial, membrane, and insoluble protein fractions. Collectively, these data indicate that MV‐induced oxidative stress in the diaphragm is not due to increases in nitric oxide production by NOS.


Language can be connected to masculinity through the language used by men, and through language ideologically connected to stereotypical traits of men in a particular culture. The study of language and masculinity is fairly recent, and has focused on the different ways that power and hegemonic masculinity motivate men to use particular linguistic forms. Several examples from English, the language in which most of the work has be carried out, are discussed.

Keywords:

language and gender;
masculinity;
sociolingusitics;
variation


This paper optimizes the placement of TAPs in Wireless Mesh network and minimizes the layout cost while meeting user's demand.First,layout problem is modeled as Quasi-Group Steiner Tree Problem.Traditional algorithms,which solve traditional Steiner Tree Problem are not efficient for solving this problem.Secondly,an approximation algorithm based on this problem's specifics is given.Finally,after solving the wiring layout problem,Linear Programming is used to minimize the number of TAPs deployed in network and the cost of wiring layout.Simulations show that this method can minimize the layout cost distinctively.It is of significance for optimizing the wiring layout in Mesh Network.


Understanding the factors that affect residents' environmental conservation behaviors help in managing the environment of tourist sites. This research provides an integrative understanding of how residents near tourist sites form their environmental conservation behaviors by merging the norm-activation model and cognitive-affective model into one theoretical framework. Results of the structural analysis from a sample of 642 residents showed that this study's proposed composite model includes a satisfactory level of predictive power for environmental conservation behaviors. The findings identify the following two dimensions of awareness of environmental consequences as having a key role in predicting environmental conservation behaviors: (1) awareness of positive consequences of environmental protection; and (2) awareness of disaster consequences. Results also show that environment attachment and personal norms about environmentalism played a mediating role between awareness of environmental consequences and environmental conservation behaviors, and that personal norms about environmentalism were the most powerful factor in predicting behaviors. Several practical implications were derived from the research findings that can contribute to environment management policy both within and outside the field of tourism, mostly notably: (1) how the effective promotion of these factors can encourage environmental conservation behaviors for residents; and (2) how governments can develop and implement environmental management measures to improve locals' awareness of positive consequences of environmental protection.


Handoff is the mechanism which provides the connection to the wireless network while a movable terminal is moving across the boundaries of coverage of two wireless points of connection. The complexity of the handoff decision process has led to the examination of a number of traditional and pattern recognition handoff decision algorithms for wireless networks. Wireless local area network (WLAN) is a popular choice in Communication Based Train System (CBTC) due to the on hand WLAN equipments. WLANs were not originally designed for high speed environments with frequent handoff. Due to this frequent handoff the result which leads in communication interrupts and long latency. However, handoffs in WLAN may result in communication interruption and long latency in WLANs based CBTC networks. In this piece of writing we use scheme for CBTC networks using Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) and IEEE 802.11 advanced standard for vehicular communication to provide high availability and low latency in CBTC networks. We formulate the handoff decision problem as a Markov decision process (MDP) with the objectives of minimizing the handoff latency and maximizing the SCTP throughput. Keywords— MDP, SCTP, SA, AP , IAPP , WAVE.


back again ". Then indeed the beast, hearing the holy man's word, fled back trembling in swift retreat, as if it were withdrawn by ropes. Before this he was so near to Lugneus that only the length of a pole (contuli) separated the man and the beast. The brothers, seeing the beast retreat and Lugneus their comrade (cornmilitonem) returning to them safe and sound in the boat glorified God in the blessed man with great wonder. But the barbarous natives (gentiles barbari) also who were present were forced by the greatness of the miracle which they had seen themselves to magnify the God of the Christians '. The identification of the river Nesa with the river flowing into the sea at Inverness may be regarded as quite certain.2 The legend of the Loch Ness monster is therefore at least 12 centuries old. What can have given rise to it ? My own opinion, based upon investigations carried out by The Illustrated London News (January 1934, pp. 39-41), is that the monster originated in a floating log. It should be observed that, in the story, the monster haunts the river, not the lake ; and that floating logs and tree-trunks are exceedingly dangerous to small craft in a rapid torrent. They would be of common occurrence in a river issuing, as does the Ness, from a long lake with precipitous tree-covered banks. Actually such a log was mistaken, by one recent observer, for the monster ; and it was only when he brought his binoculars to bear upon it that the error was rectified. The Ness is not the only river in which monsters occur. Reeves8 quotes other instances, all in Ireland :-Lough Ree (CoIgan, Acta SS, p. 790"); Drumsnatt, co. Monaghan (Flem. Collect. p. 3 7 ~ ~ ) ; Banagher, Londonderry (Breviary of Aberdeen, Propr. SS. Part. Hyemal. fol. IoIbb, lect. 7). 0 .G.S.C.


The question of how schools can better meet the educational needs of a diverse population of students has been hotly debated for many years. Since the unveiling of Project 2061 (American Association for the Advancement of Science, 1989), science for all is a concept that has become the cornerstone of curriculum reform efforts. While these efforts are to be commended, there is still much that science educators do not know about "science for all," especially the science education of populations traditionally underrepresented in the sciences, and chief among these, indigenous peoples. Over the past several years a body of research focusing on closing the gap between school science and indigenous knowledge has emerged and has provided insights into the attitudes, instructional practices, and curriculum developments that have proven to be successful at inspiring and supporting indigenous students in the sciences (Boyne, 2003; Chinn, 2007; Sing, Hunter, & Meyer, 1999). As part of my master's degree in the Department of Educational Foundations in the College of Education, I conducted a pilot project1 that explored Native Hawaiian science teachers' influences in pursuit of a science-related career. This project involved three science educators of Native Hawaiian "I got hooked on science...through the ability of teachers to engage me in science through cultural stuff. Doing natural products research and looking at Native Hawaiian herbs, herbal medicine and exploring microbiology through cultural eyes...it excited me because it validated who I was as a Hawaiian." (Kalaimeaola, personal narrative) "Learning to sail a double-hulled canoe as well as learning the art of celestial noninstrument navigation motivated me to learn science. It taught me to observe and to look at a natural system and how it's related...how they're connected...how they may be disconnected. Culture has helped ground me in applying contemporary scientific methodology." (Ku'ulei, personal narrative)


Objective:To observe the effects of dihydromyricetin on the content of ALT,AST,HA,LN,PC-Ⅲ,CⅣ in serums on hepatic fibrosis in rats induced by carbon tetrachloride(CCL4).Methods:Eighty four male SD rats were randomly divided into six groups:normal group,model group,Fufangbiejiaruanganpian group positive,lower,middle and high dosage of dihydromyricetin treatment groups.The hepatic fibrosis rat model was developed by subcutaneous injection of 40%CCL4 for 13 weeks.At the same time of modeling,rats were treated with dihydromyricetin at 25mg/100g,50mg/100g or 100mg/100g.Then the content of ALT,AST,HA,LN,PC-Ⅲ,CⅣ were detected in liver serums.Results:Compared with control group,the content of ALT,AST,HA,LN,PC-Ⅲ,CⅣ in serums of rats of model group all raised markedly(P0.01).Compared with model group,the content of ALT,AST,HA,LN,PC-Ⅲ,CⅣ in serums of rats of Fufangbiejiaruanganpian group positive and lower,middle and high dosage of Dihydromyricetin treatment groups reduced markedly(P0.05).Conclusion:Dihydromyricetin can protect hepatocytes from injury and prevent the progression of hepatic fibrosis in rats.


Evoked electroencephalographic responses are useful for the study of cerebral maturation in full‐term and pre‐term newborn infants. In an attempt to achieve wider clinical application, 57 newborn infants with differing degrees of perinatal asphyxia were examined. Altogether 154 examinations were performed. In all of them photostimulation was used, and in 72 investigations somatosensory evoked responses were also recorded. The following results were obtained:


The rate of respiration of lake bacteria increases with temperature, the Q10 from 8° to 25° C. being 2.1. Mixed microflora from Lake Mendota were found to consume from 21 to 43 x 10-12 mgm. of oxygen per cell per hour at 25° C. Prolonged exposure at 37° C. is injurious to some of the bacteria.The rate of respiration is independent of the oxygen concentration of the water within the examined range of 0.31 to 26.48 mgm./1. As the oxygen tension is reduced below 0.3 mgm./1. the rate of bacterial respiration decreases rapidly.Both the character and the concentration of organic matter influence the rate of oxygen consumption by lake bacteria. The rate of respiration of "resting" cells increases as the concentration of glucose, asparagine and lactic acid is increased up to 100 to 1000 mgm./1.About one-third of the organic matter in Lake Mendota water is readily oxidizable, the remainder being quite resistant to bacterial attack. The organic content of bottom deposits is less oxidizable than that of water, and t...


Some collectors point to the 30T2 RG as the legitimate parent of the Omega Constellation. Certainly, the 30 T series through it's success at Observatory competitions in the thirties and forties sparked the beginning of Omega's stellar reputation in chronometer production, but arguably it was the creation of the early series of automatic calibres that provided the bulk of the genetic material for what is now regarded as some of the greatest production watch models in the history of horology.


(Color) This postcard is a painting of several soldiers on the battlefield firing cannons at Reims, the burning town. The stamp reads "German Empire" and costs 5 pfennings. On the top left corner of the back is a picture of von Einem. The card was inscribed and posted, and all writing on the back is in German.


In this work, a Frequency Selective Surface reflector (FSS) has been presented to improve the gain of the antenna for 5G applications. The dimensions of the antenna are 50mm×40 mm×1.6mm and those of the FSS unit cell are 14.2mm×14.2mm×1.6 mm. Both of them are thoroughly presented in this paper. The antenna is integrated with the proposed FSS, they could achieve a high gain. It passed from 2.81 dB to 9.12 dB at 3.5 GHz and the bandwidth reach at 2.28 GHz.


The physiology and behavior of all animals are strongly dependent on the large-scale structure of the body plan. While many animals are fundamentally bilaterally symmetric, vertebrates and many invertebrates exhibit a consistently oriented left–right (LR) asymmetry of the heart, viscera, and brain. The biased asymmetry of LR patterning is distinct from environmentally determined asymmetry or the random developmental noise that gives rise to fluctuating asymmetries. How the LR axis is oriented in a world in which no macroscopic force distinguishes left from right is a profound puzzle linking evolutionary, developmental, and cell biology to cognitive science and perhaps even to quantum parity violations. Embryonic LR patterning includes a sequential process of symmetry breaking (likely on the intracellular level), consistent axis orientation, amplification to diverse multicellular targets, and restriction via the midline. Key questions include the timing of the first LR-asymmetric computation during embryonic development, the molecular nature of mechanisms underlying each of the necessary steps, and the degree of conservation of these mechanisms among taxa. The field of LR asymmetry has made striking progress over the last two decades, uncovering a plethora of molecular details in a wide range of model organisms. Here, we present an overview of what is known about the phases of asymmetry initiation, physiological/biophysical signaling upstream of asymmetric gene expression cascades, and ultimate morpho-genesis of the asymmetric organs. While the transcriptional programs specific to the left and right sides universally feed into the signaling protein Nodal, the degree of evolutionary conservation of various upstream mechanisms is more controversial. The two major directions in the field are defined by models focusing on ciliary motion vs. physiological signaling. The former hold that asymmetry is bootstrapped from the biochemical structure of cilia via rotary motion that redistributes an extracellular morphogen or activates asymmetric Ca ++ signaling in sensory cilia. In this scheme, most thoroughly explored in mouse and zebrafish embryos, asymmetry is generated fairly late – during gastrulation. In contrast, work in the frog and chick embryo identified modules based on ion transport , serotonin gradients, and gap junctional communication. The earliest steps (asymmetric localization of maternal ion transporter proteins) occur in the cleavage stage embryo (shortly after fertilization) and rely on cytoskeletal (intracellu-lar) asymmetries that appear to be an evolutionarily ancient mechanism for generating chirality, although they have not been explored in mammals. Future experiments must address whether cilia are primary to asymmetry or a mid-pathway step, and …


Objective To investigate the clinical effect and safety of drug butylphthalide in the treatment of acute ischemic cerebral infarction.Methods In this parallel and controlled study,96 patients with acute ischemic cerebral infarction enrolled with 48 h of onset,were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.Forty-eight patients in the control group were treated with routine methods,while treatment group were given butylphthalide on the former basic treatments,with a crouse of 14 days for each group.Before treatment and at the 14 th,18 th days after treatment,the National Institute of health stroke scale (NIHSS) and the neurological fuctional deficits ′s values were evaluated.Results Afer treatment,there were significant differences in the NIHSS and the neurological fuctional deficit ′s values between treatment group and control group at 14 th,28 th day (P0.05).After 28 days treatment,the warkedly effective rate and total effective rate of treatment group were better than those of the control group ( P0.05).Conclusion Butylphthalide in the treatment of acute ischemic cerebral infarction not only can improve neurological fuctional deficits,but aslo be effective and safety.


This study aims at analyzing the capital productivity in Brazil, its historical behavior and influence on the future development of the country. In what concerns Brazil, the capital productivity has decreased considerably, reaching the average level observed in the OECD countries, in spite of the fact that the average output per worker in Brazil is one third of the value in those countries. After removing from the Brazilian capital/product ratio series (inverse of the capital productivity) the influence of variations on the installed capacity, it was verified that, with a smaller capital productivity level, Brazil has a limited capacity of convergence to the same income level of the developed countries as well as of remunerating the capital, which might cause the present low investment level in the country. Therefore, the study shows that increasing the capital productivity could be the path to increase the sustainable growth of the country.


Abstract Infants and children are nearly universally found to be among the most vulnerable subgroups of a population. Their health can be a sensitive indicator of the health of the population as a whole. Furthermore, repeated bouts of illness during infancy and childhood, periods of rapid development, can have lasting functional effects on the individual and the group. In this paper we provide a framework for studying infant and childhood health in archaeological populations, briefly review methods for studying infant‐childhood health in skeletal remains, and provide examples of the sensitivity and adaptive significance of this segment of the population by examining infant and childhood health at Dickson Mounds, Illinois and Wadi Haifa, Sudanese Nubia. A variety of methods are available for studying infant and childhood health in archaeological groups. Taken together, these methods can provide insights into the patterns and consequences of health in prehistory.


The aim of our study was to develop and validate an analytical approach for the quantitative determination of three dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites, dimethyl phosphate (DMP), dimethyl thiophosphate (DMTP) and diethyl phosphate (DEP), of organophosphate pesticides (OPs) in hair samples. The proposed methodology comprises a decontamination step, solid–liquid extraction, followed by liquid–liquid extraction, pentafluorobenzyl bromide derivatization, clean-up on Florisil/PSA column and analysis by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Extraction recovery, obtained from 50 mg hair samples spiked at two concentration levels, ranged from 56.1 to 107.9% and the within-day precision ranged from 13.5 to 17.5%. Limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 0.02 to 0.10 ng mg−1. The results obtained from the analysis of hair samples of 30 agricultural workers show the suitability of the proposed method for monitoring people occupationally exposed to OPs. The most frequently detected compound was DEP followed by DMP. This is the first report on the detection of dialkyl phosphates in human hair which reflects the ability of hair testing to assess chronic exposure to OPs.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an iterative liquid distributor/sucker of a self-learning type which is simple in manual control. SOLUTION: This manually controlled iterative liquid distributor/sucker includes a regulation section (4), a motor drive section (5), an electronic control section (6), a manually cotrollable control section (8) and a programming section (9). The device described above is constituted in a manner described below: The volume of the liquid per time which can be transported by the motor drive section is regulatable in the electronic control section (6); at least one time of the processing intervals (tp) between plural times of the processing to be continuously executed is settable in the electronic control section (6); the discrete processing is activated by the first mode of the operation of the control section (8); the iterative continuous processing is automatically activated at every processing interval (tp) by the second mode of the operation of the control section (8); and the processing intervals (tp) are determined from one or plural times of the discrete activation carried out in precedence.


The lackadaisical quantum walk is a quantum analogue of the lazy random walk obtained by adding a self-loop to each vertex in the graph. We analytically prove that lackadaisical quantum walks can find a unique marked vertex on any regular locally arc-transitive graph with constant success probability quadratically faster than the hitting time. This result proves several speculations and numerical findings in previous work, including the conjectures that the lackadaisical quantum walk finds a unique marked vertex with constant success probability on the torus, cycle, Johnson graphs, and other classes of vertex-transitive graphs. Our proof establishes and uses a relationship between lackadaisical quantum walks and quantum interpolated walks for any regular locally arc-transitive graph.


We demonstrate the most recent version of our system to communicate graphs and relational information to blind users. We have developed a system called exPLoring graphs at UMB (PLUMB) that displays a drawn graph on a tablet PC and uses auditory cues to help a blind user navigate the graph. This work has applications to assist blind individuals in Computer Science and other educational disciplines, navigation and map manipulation.


An exploration of the rise of sustainable development policies in London by international authors. Essential reading for urban practitioners and policy makers, and students in social, urban and environmental geography, sociology and urban studies.


IntroductionThe provision of humanitarian aid to the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK, or North Korea) has been a challenge to many aid providers, due in large part to the ways in which the country has chosen to interact with the outside world. Despite chronic problems of child malnutrition and mortality,1 aid providers are provided with virtually no humanitarian space to access vulnerable populations and monitor for effective operations.2 While large aid providers such as the World Food Programme (WFP) sticking to a "no access (to monitoring), no food" policy,3 most other organizations have not been able to enjoy the same level of access.This study shows how non-governmental organizations (NGOs) were able to overcome political sensitivity and channel aid to specific targeted groups within the DPRK. NGOs in the Republic of Korea (ROK, or South Korea) were selected as cases in this study, not only because the international aid community knew rather little about them, but also due to their difficult position as a by-product of unstable inter-Korean relations. Despite signs of easing tension during the early 2000s, the fact that the two Koreas were still theoretically at war also meant that South Korean aid providers had faced substantially more scrutiny than their non-Korean counter-parts.4The ROK presented both advantages and disadvantages as an aid provider to North Korea. It enjoyed minimal cultural and linguistic barriers with the North, as well as a relatively low cost of transportation of food and other supplies. Despite these advantages, this study concludes that it was by harnessing their links with partners outside the Korean Peninsula that South Korean NGOs managed to sideline some of the tough restrictions and made DPRK a more workable environment.South Korean NGOs and Their Operating Environment in the NorthThe DPRK government first appealed to the international community for humanitarian assistance in 1995 to alleviate its food crisis. This crisis resulted from decades of misguided development under the juche ideology,5 which required the country to be self-sufficient in food despite environmental limitations such as a mountainous terrain and a short growing season. A decline in food production first resulted from heavily mechanized agriculture, which caused land and water degradation.6 Short of foreign exchange, the loss of partners in barter trade after the collapse of the Soviet Union7 made it difficult to import food into the country. Eventually, floods in 1995 led to a reported damage of 2 million tons of grain and 330,000 hectares of cropland.8 The Public Distribution System (PDS), which used to guarantee access to food by individuals, also broke down as a result of the food shortage.9 According to Lee (2008), North Koreans bought about 70 percent of their food from the market after the food rationing.10South Korean NGOs started supplying the North with relief goods in 1998, when the ROK established an Inter-Korean Exchange and Cooperation Fund as part of the Sunshine Policy of President Kim Dae-jung. About 59 percent of the $720.6 million in aid delivered by the ROK between 1995 and 2001 was routed through NGOs, including the ROK Red Cross.11 After the inter-Korean summit in June 2000, the ROK government took up the responsibility of directly sending food aid to the North, while the focus of NGO efforts in food security shifted to the recovery of the agricultural sector.12 As of 2009, at least fifty-six organizations from the ROK had provided assistance of various amounts to the DPRK, in areas including but not limited to food security.South Korean NGOs had a reputation for putting more emphasis on trust building rather than hewing closely to humanitarian principles,13 so they were subject to questions of effectiveness and transparency. The ways in which they tried to remain accountable might thus present useful learning for members in the international community operating in such difficult environments as the DPRK. …


To understand the principles of cardiac stroke volume (SV), it is necessary first to define the concept of cardiac output. Cardiac output (CO) is the blood volume the heart pumps through the systemic circulation over a period measured in liters per minute. There are various parameters utilized to assess cardiac output comprehensively, but one of the more conventional approaches involves multiplying the product of the heart rate (HR) and the stroke volume.The definition of stroke volume is the volume of blood pumped out of the left ventricle of the heart during each systolic cardiac contraction. This volume may be calculated as the difference between the left ventricular end-diastolic volume and the left ventricular end-systolic volume. The average stroke volume of a 70 kg male is 70 mL.Critical care physicians employ several variables when monitoring severely ill hypovolemic patients. Utilizing stroke volume as a hemodynamic variable compared to other commonly used parameters is becoming increasingly popular in assessing cardiac pump function and organ perfusion as it is subject to less influence from compensatory mechanisms. Cardiologists' also use stroke volume when assessing cardiac dysfunction in those with congestive heart failure. The computation of left ventricular ejection fraction involves dividing the stroke volume by the end-diastolic volume (EDV) and is considered a central component in the assessment of both systolic and diastolic heart failure.


High-field magnetization curves of the series of amorphous alloys Dy Gdl — "Ni have been measured up to 15 tesla and interpreted in the framework of the theory of Chudnovsky etal, The results show several features (high-field crossovers, correlation volume of local-anisotropy directions, ferromagnetic correlation length) all consistent with each other and in agreement with theoretical predictions. The laws of approach to saturation in magnetic systems have always been the object of considerable interest.


In this paper, the specifications and the guiding ideology of the domestic pedestal which will be used for LP23K ATC radar imported from France are described. The scheme of the domestic modification is examined and computed.


. Based on the analysis of seismic signals' characteristics from a moving person and vehicles, the article proposes and substantiates the expediency of using the temporal parameters of seismic signals for moving objects recognition by remote autonomous seismic devices. Simple and sufficiently reliable methods for moving objects recognition have been formulated. The testing of such methods was carried out using the developed autonomous seismic device. The technical and economic efficiency of the proposed methods in comparison with known solutions based on other principles is pointed out. The aim of the work is to determine improved temporal methods for recognition of a moving person and vehicles and the effectiveness of their use by remote autonomous seismic devices. Cur-rently, the most promising seismic devices for the detection and recognition of moving objects are considered to be devices that use spectral and spectral-temporal methods of seismic signal processing. This is mainly due to their high probability of the objects correct recognition. But the use of these methods leads to a significant increase in the information and energy consumption, which is extremely undesirable for the remote autonomous seismic devices and systems based on them. The article proposes to use the energy-efficient temporal methods of seismic signal processing and the improved recognition methods based on the use of temporal parameters of seismic signals to recognize moving objects in these cases. To implement this and to reduce false alarms of the seismic devices, when animals penetrate into their detection zone, in contrast to the known devices, a temporal selec-tion criterion related to the motion characteristics of medium and large animals is additionally intro-duced into the recognition method of a moving person. The testing of the recognition methods has shown that the proposed methods allow autonomous seismic devices to have both the insignificant power consumption and a significant value of the probability of the moving objects correct recognition. Compared with spectral, time-frequency and statistical methods for moving object recognition, the proposed temporal methods are much simpler and allow to design the remote autonomous seismic devices with minimal energy consumption.


We demonstrate a simple, cheap method for pore size characterization of porous media that generates a distribution of pore radii for improved flow and transport modeling. The new method for pore structure characterization utilizes recent theoretical developments in non‐Newtonian fluids. Numerical evaluations and validations with synthetic porous media showed potential for obtaining a distribution of effective pore radii and their contribution to total flow only by complementing water with non‐Newtonian fluids in saturated infiltration experiments. To demonstrate this ability on real sands, a series of one‐dimensional column experiments was conducted with varying porous medium packings, including Accusands and a polydisperse sand/glass bead mixture. For each packing, distilled water and varying concentrations of guar and xanthan gum were injected over a range of flow rates and pressure gradients. The model‐generated pore radii were compared with pore radius distributions measured by X‐ray microcomputed tomography (μCT), with results demonstrating good agreement between the model and μCT data. Simulations of saturated water flow and drainage curves using model‐generated pore radii compared favorably to experimental data, with errors typically between 2% and 10% for single‐phase flow and approaching the error of the μCT measured radius distributions for the drainage curves.


OBJECTIVE
To explore the protein expressions of DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b in sera of lung cancer patients.

METHODS
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to measure the protein expressions of DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b in 136 lung cancer patients hospitalized at Department of Respiratory Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University during September 2012 to June 2013. And 147 healthy controls were selected from a population of physical examination at Sixth People's Hospital of Zhengzhou. And the relationship was analyzed between protein expressions of DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b and clinic characteristics of lung cancer.

RESULTS
The protein expressions of DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b in patients with lung cancer (15 ± 10, 997 ± 76 , 302 ± 25) were higher than those of the controls (13 ± 10, 344 ± 93, 108 ± 22). And there were statistical significance (t = 3.28, 62.51, 37.27; P = 0.021, 0.000, 0.000). The results of Logistic regression show that the protein expressions DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b increased morbidity for lung cancer (χ(2) = 14.811, 26.768, 12.057; P = 0.000, 0.000 0.001), especially so for DNMT1 (OR = 1.545, 95%CI: 1.238-1.928). No correlation existed between the protein expressions of DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b and histological types or stages (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
The high protein expressions of serum DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b increase morbidity for lung cancer. And these markers may predict the early occurrence of lung cancer.


Literature supports the idea that the difference between a successful and a failed small business is dependent upon the firm having ( or using with more efficiency) greater access 10 variables such as ( capital ...management ski//s). With a sample of 216  ma1ched pairs this study used bivariate statistics lo rest the hypothesis that successful businesses have significantly belier results for a/1 15 literature variables (p<.05 ). The rest results reveal that successful firms made significantly greater use of only two variables: professional advisors and their parents owned a business. At variance with the literature and expectations, the failed business owners had a higher level of education and experienced fewer staffing difficulties. It can be concluded that there may not be a valid and reliable set of variables that can distinguish success from failure, and that a different methodological research approach may be necessary. It can be implied that success comes from examining and understanding these variables and applying them for the specific situation at hand.


Background: Approximately half of the 55,000 very low birth-weight infants (<1500 g) born in the United States each year develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Many etiologies have been associated with the development of BPD, including aberrant temperature/humidity levels of artificial ventilation. Purpose: The purpose of this literature review is to explore what is known regarding inspired air temperature/humidity levels from artificial ventilation in very premature infants, focusing on what levels these infants actually receive, and what factors impact these levels. Methods/Search Strategy: PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched. Of the 830 articles retrieved, 23 were synthesized for study purpose, sample/study design, and temperature/humidity findings. Findings/Results: Heating and humidification practices studied in neonatal ventilation did not maintain recommended levels. In addition, human neonatal studies and noninvasive neonatal ventilation research were limited. Furthermore, ventilation settings, environmental temperatures, and mouth position (in noninvasive ventilation) were found to impact temperature/humidity levels. Implications for Practice: Environmental temperatures and ventilatory settings merit consideration during artificial ventilation. In addition, aberrant temperature/humidity levels may impact infant body temperature stability; thus, employing measures to ensure adequate thermoregulation while receiving artificial ventilation must be a priority. Implications for Research: This review underscores the need for further research into current warming and humidification techniques for invasive and noninvasive neonatal ventilation. A focus on human studies and the impact of aberrant levels on infant body temperature are needed. Future research may provide management options for achieving and maintaining target temperature/humidity parameters, thus preventing the aberrant levels associated with BPD.


The butterfly species were investigated in Anhui Yaoluoping National Nature Reserve and Hubei Taohuachong State Forest Park in both sides of Xiaoqi Hill of Dabie Mountain in 2011.The results showed that both the diversity and evenness of the protected lands were higher than that of unprotected lands.


In this paper, a new crossed printed dipole antenna is proposed for the circular polarization, and the cavity technique is used to realize directional radiation and enhance the gain. The radiator consists of two vertical non-uniform butterfly-shaped dipoles, which are printed on the substrate of FR-4, and as well two parasitic strips vertical to the short dipole are added at the same layer to broaden the AR bandwidth. The dipoles are fed by the Balun where the contiguous monopoles of the two different dipoles are one pair as one of two feeding points. Moreover, the cavity is filled with the dielectric of FR-4 to greatly miniaturize the cavity dimension. Then the final overall size of the proposed antenna is $10\mathbf{mm}^{\ast}35\mathbf{mm}^{\ast}35\mathbf{mm}\ (0.154{\boldsymbol{\lambda}_{0}}^{\ast}0.54{\boldsymbol{\lambda}_{0}}^{\ast}0.54\boldsymbol{\lambda}_{0})$ where $\boldsymbol{\lambda}_{0}$ is the lowest working frequency.


The Defence Research Establishment Valcartier has initiated in 1998 R&D work to investigate and to demonstrate key technologies required for future Defensive Aid Suite to protect Light Armoured Vehicles. A basic Defensive Aid Suite demonstrator (Phase I) was built and integrated into the LAV vetronics by Litton Systems Canada and his consortium. The Defensive Aid Suite consisted of a 2-band HARLIDTM-based laser detection head, a processor capable to control and deploy countermeasures and a DAS touch-screen display all integrated in a Light Armored Vehicle. The crew was able to select the operation mode for direct fire or smoke deployment by pushing one of the pair of buttons available at the bottom of the display. This system was successfully demonstrated in October 1999 during an international trial. This article gives an overview of the results obtained in the field as well as some of the lessons learnt. It also describes laboratory and field measurements made on the Laser Warning Receiver unit itself. The results of the DAS tactical use and of Human factor evaluation will illustrate its performance within typical laser threat scenarios. This work will serve as the basis for the recommendation of a future DAS demonstrator (Phase II) integrating more sensors and countermeasures.


As is known to all, uhv ac lightning arrester will be attenuated to varying degrees due to long-term operation on site, including environmental temperature and humidity, breakdown of valve plate and short circuit, leading to uneven capacitor voltage divider, and causing explosion and other dangerous safety accidents in extreme cases. Therefore, it is very important to analyze the electric field potential distribution characteristics of arrester under different operating environment and conditions. In this paper, the equipotential distribution of uhv ac arrester in local damping and local short circuit test is verified theoretically and practically by using fiber optic current method. Based on the field structure and theoretical analysis, the ANSYS 3d theoretical model is constructed to analyze the actual test conditions. The oneness of field test and theoretical calculation shows the accuracy of theoretical calculation.