In the "WA Advantage" statement of February 1992, the Western Australian premier announced restructuring proposals for the State Energy Commission of Western Australia (SECWA). The Dampier‐Perth natural gas pipeline will be taken out of SECWA and operated by an independent authority on an open access basis. SECWA will also withdraw from the Pilbara region to be replaced by a Pilbara Electricity and Gas Authority. To be considered by the Carnegie Commission are proposals for the separation of electricity and gas operations and, within electricity operations, separation into generation, transmission, distribution and supply functions. The rationale for these policy changes is an attempt to introduce competition into these sectors of the energy market to improve efficiency and reduce the disparities in energy costs between Western Australia and the other Australian states. If carried out to their full extent, the proposals for SECWA will amount to the most comprehensive restructuring of a publicly owned energy utility in Australia.


Emergency Response Units (ERUs) were pioneered over a decade ago by the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), with the intention of providing a standardized, rapid global tool for response in disasters. Health ERUs are one example of several types of ERUs on stand-by in various countries around the world. Their tented infrastructure, basic medical equipment, and pre-trained personnel allow for the provision of surge medical capacity where it is needed. Commonly used set-ups include a Basic Health Care Unit and a Referral Hospital. The recently-introduced Rapid Deployment Emergency Hospital allows for a lighter, highly mobile infrastructure, with surgical and emergency medical capacity. The modular design of these ERUs allows for deployment with materials "tailored" to the disaster. Their flexibility has been demonstrated in public health emergencies such as the nation-wide cholera epidemic that occurred in Zimbabwe (2008) and more recently in earthquake-damaged Haiti (2010) and flood-affected Pakistan (2010). Health ERUs already on the ground in post-earthquake Haiti were able to re-organize equipment for use in cholera treatment units and centers, and additional ERUs were deployed specifically to set-up treatment centers. In Pakistan, a mobile clinic set-up was used to deliver primary health services to displaced populations, including psychosocial support initiatives and community health messages to minimize the emergence of communicable diseases. The Community Health module (CHM) is a new module in development since 2009. Experience has shown that disrupted health systems, combined with displaced populations can create a fertile environment for communicable disease outbreaks. The CHM addresses primary, secondary and tertiary prevention early in emergencies by engaging communities and more specifically National Society volunteers in epidemic control. The modular design of Health ERUs allow for a rapid and comprehensive approach to delivery of health care in a disaster, with a longitudinal perspective of population needs.


The authors report experimental results on the increase of the spin packet width Delta h of an inhomogeneous resonance line caused by cross-relaxation processes with an adjacent resonance. The measurements of Delta h were carried out in a dilute ruby sample (Cr3+:Al2O3) by a new method based on the detection of the saturation transient. The increase of Delta h, experimentally observed near a cross-relaxation resonance, is so large that the whole line may be considered as homogeneously broadened.


The experimental measurements have provided the evidence that the suppression of fusion cross-section caused by quasi-fission is very important for the synthesis of super-heavy nuclei by heavy ion collisions. The potential energy surface due to the nucleon transfer in the collision process is the driven potential, which governs the nucleon transfer, so that governs the competition between the fusion and quasi-fission. The dinuclear system potential energy surface also gives the information about the optimum projectile-target combination, as well as the optimum excitation energy for the synthesis of super-heavy nuclei by heavy ion collisions.


This bulletin presents the first set of national indicators for prisoners' health in Australia. The indicators are one outcome of the National Prisoner Health Information Development project, and have been developed in consultation with experts in the field. Reporting on them will assist in monitoring the health of prisoners, informing prisoner health service planning and delivery, and evaluating the provision of services. The first data collection for these indicators was conducted during 2009 and the inaugural national report on indicators of the health of Australia's prisoners is expected to be released in early 2010.


One approach to 3D photonic crystals is the self-assembly of colloidal microspheres. Using this method, we have recently demonstrated high-quality silicon photonic crystals (inverted opals) which exhibit optical properties consistent with a photonic band gap. We will discuss our measurements and outline future challenges for self-assembled photonic materials.


In gardening, particularly in golf courses, soil moisture management is critical for maximizing water efficiency. Remote sensing has been used to estimate soil moisture in recent years with relatively low accuracies. In this paper, we aim to use remote sensing and wireless sensor networks to generate soil moisture indexes for a golf course. In the golf course, we identified three types of soil, and data was gathered for three months. Mathematical models were obtained using data from Sentinel-2, bands with a resolution of 10 and 20 m, and sensed soil moisture. Models with acceptable accuracy were obtained only for one out of three soil types, the natural soil in which natural vegetation is grown. Two multiple regression models are presented with an R2 of 0.46 for bands at 10 m and 0.70 for bands at 20 m. Their mean absolute error was lower than 3% in both cases. For the modified soils, the greens, and the golf course fairway, it was not feasible to obtain regression models due to the temporal uniformity of the grass and the range of variation of soil moisture. The developed moisture indexes were compared with existing options. The attained accuracies improve the current models. The verification indicates that the model generated with band 4 and band 12 is the one with better accuracy.


The article deals with the national practicies of direct and indirect taxation of income from cryptoassets in some countries of the world, including Russia, France, Italy, USA, Great Britain, etc. The authors study various approaches to the concept of cryptocurrency for the purposes of fiscal management: macroeconomic, cost, accounting, legal and institutional approaches. According to the authors position cryptocurrencies for tax reasons should be treated as a property and means of payment. Therefore, any income in cryptocurrencies received by taxpayers should be subject to personal income tax or corporate income tax, respectively. The recognition of cryptocurrencies as a means of payment (that is, private money) leads to the need to exempt taxpayers from paying value added tax in cases where cryptocurrencies perform these monetary functions in transactions performed by taxpayers, in particular, they perform the function of a means of payment. Payment of taxes on income of taxpayers received in cryptocurrencies can be carried out both in cryptocurrencies and in national (fiat) currencies. It is permissible to establish a tax declaration of transactions for cryptocurrency. The foundations of the legal regime of taxation of digital currencies in the Russian Federation have been formed. The problems of introducing effective taxation of cryptocurrency transactions in the Russian Federation are identified, as well as changes to tax legislation are proposed, in particular, clarification of the range of objects that can be classified as "digital currency", synchronization with the law on digital financial assets, determining the tax base and implementing tax control of transactions with cryptocurrency. As the study showed, the approaches to indirect taxation are the most unified. Tax regulation is a potential incentive to reduce the speculative interest of participants in transactions with cryptocurrencies and increase the transparency of taxation of cryptocurrencies.


Although studies have been performed on the recycled aggregate made of waste concrete for the production of new concrete, the new concrete with 100% recycled coarse aggregate and manufactured sand (abbreviated as RAMC) still needs to be researched for structural applications. In this paper, an experimental study was performed on seven groups, including fourteen reinforced RAMC beams under the simply supported four-point loading test, considering the factors of the strength of RAMC and the reinforcement ratio of longitudinal tensile rebars. Based on the test results, the cracking resistance, the bearing capacity, the crack width, the flexural stiffness and the mid-span deflection of reinforced RAMC beams in bending are discussed and examined by using the formulas of conventional reinforced concrete beams. Results show that an obvious effect of reinforcement ratio was present, while less so was that of the strength of RAMC. With the comparison of predicted values by the formulas of conventional reinforced concrete beams, the reinforced RAMC beams decreased cracking resistance by about 20%, increased crack width by about 15% and increased mid-span deflection by about 10%, although the same bearing capacity can be reached. The results directly relate to the lower tensile strength of RAMC which should be further improved.


Silicon vacancy centers can be used as quantum sensors in hexagonal SiC to measure local temperature in an operating device.


The goal of this study was to investigate the durability and longevity of gelatin formulas for the production of staged ultrasound phantoms for education.


In this paper, we introduce the concept of mixsourcing as a modality of crowdsourcing focused on using remixing as a framework to get people to perform creative tasks. We explore this idea through the design of a system that helped us identify the promises and challenges of this peer-production modality.


Much of our success as a species derives from the ability to adapt hunting and gathering to diverse ecologies and incorporate a wide range of food resources. Hunteregatherers maintain broad dietary options through an array of alternative and fallback strategies. While many decisions facing foragers have been analyzed, few paired nutritional and return rate data are available, especially in relation to the value of wild roots. Ethnoarchaeological data from a group of South American hunteregatherers allow us to comparatively assess the value of root resources by observing what mobile foragers do when presented with the option to retain or replace wild foods with domesticates. Nutritional content and foraging returns indicate that cultivated tubers provide no clear nutritional or labor advantages. Evidence also does not suggest that wild roots are inferior resources. This may explain why some foragers incorporate domesticates without replacing dependence on wild foods, or signaling a transition to an agrarian economy. This perspective has archaeological implications for modeling of past subsistence during initial and early exploitation of cultigens. ! 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.


A promising direction to reduce energy con-sumption in greenhouse technology is the devel-opment of more advanced designs, techniques and modes of operation of technological equipment, in particular systems of artificial irradiation. Require-ments of lighting methods of calculation of irradia-tors for greenhouses regulate the height of the suspension point sources of radiation is not below 0.5 m above the receiver. This fact involves a high proportion of infrared radiation irradiators, injurious to plants. The high location of irradiators leads to the necessity of increasing the installed capacity of the systems of exposure and, as consequence, in-creases energy intensity greenhouse technologies. The calculation showed that by reducing the height of the radiator to 0.22 m it is possible to achieve a twofold increase in the level of irradiance from 50 W/sq.m of photosynthetically active radiation to 100 W/sq.m of photosynthetically active radiation, to ensure optimal photosynthesis for crops radish when the radiation irradiator in the wavelength range 600-700 nm. The solution to the problem of reducing the energy intensity of crop production on the example of radish cenosis by changing parame-ters of the traditional patterns of exposure and the drainage of excess thermal energy from the irradia-tor at the same time allows a twofold increase in irradiance to increase the yield of radish by 2.2 kg/m2 when co-respect for the value of the ratio of minimum irradiance of 0.8.


Application of the database normalization theory and the principle of orthogonal design allows us to reduce data redundancy in relational/SQL databases and hence avoid certain update anomalies and simplify development of database applications. The normalized systems theory for achieving modular and highly evolvable systems has similar goals in case of distributing the tasks of a system between its elements. We have suggested data-centric practices for finding the functional and data-centric subsystems of transactional information systems by identifying and analyzing the main business entity types and their life cycles. These subsystems and their interconnections constitute a large part of information systems' business architectures. The specification of business architecture helps us to decompose the system development problem into more manageable subproblems. This paper studies whether the practices contribute towards creating normalized systems. We present a metamodel of the subsystems-related elements of data-centric practices and a metamodel of elements of normalized systems.


The translator is the subject of translation and a crucial constructor of cross-cultural communication.But such translational subjectivity has long been obscured in the Chinese cultural poly-system,the result of which is the marginalized cultural status of the translator.After the "cultural turn" in Translation Studies,the translator gradually goes from behind-the-curtain to the forefront.Studies on it have also gone from shallower to further.This paper probes into this proposition from the perspectives of the transformation of translator's status,its connotation and manifestation.


We use the finite element method to solve both for seismic wave equation and the associated seismoelectric disturbances in a piecewise homogeneous porous material containing an oil reservoir. The seismic and seismoelectric data recorded at the top surface of the medium are jointly inverted using an adaptative Metropolis algorithm to retrieve the posterior probability distribution of the material properties. Comparison with the true material properties shows the ability of our approach to retrieve the electrical and mechanical material properties of each formation including the permeablity of the oil reservoir.


There is disclosed a membrane humidifier for a fuel cell system, wherein the membrane humidifier more membrane layers, a first pair of spaced apart sealing bars that their peripheral edges are adjacent between a first membrane layer and second membrane layer to form a first flow channel, a second pair of spaced apart sealing bars which between the second membrane layer and a third membrane layer adjacent their peripheral edges are arranged to form a second flow channel, and having a plurality of carriers, a first carrier adjacent the second planar layer is disposed and extending spaced seal bars between the second pair and a second support adjacent the third planar layer is disposed and extending between the second pair of spaced apart sealing bars.


When activated charcoal was used in the radioimmunoassay of gastrin, a precision of 8.0–12.4 per cent was achieved within assay. Between assays a precision of 10.8 per cent was found. The sensitivity was 1.5 pg/tube and the accuracy 94–104 per cent. The mean values (±S.D.) of gastrin in the serum were 62±32 pg/ml in subjects without gastrointestinal disease, 62±24 pg/ml in patients with duodenal ulcer, 114±78 pg/ml in patients with gastric ulcer, and 630 to 2380 pg/ml in 3 patients with the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.


The new species Neonesidea thomassini, Aponesidea ifatyensis, and Mydionobairdia tulearensis are described. Their anatomical characters permit emended diagnoses for these poorly known genera and some speculation on relationships of ornate Bairdiidae.


Kai Nielsen's work truly is a model for what engaged philosophical argument can and should aspire to be. He is militantly committed to clarity and to the rejection of dogma. His palpable good faith and sincerity are evident in everything he writes. I can't pretend to have read more than a fraction of Nielsen's voluminous writings, but one of my favorite passages of his is from a recent essay and is reprinted in Globalization and Justice:


Introduction: frontal cranioencephalic injuries are the leading cause of death and disability in patients under 45 years of age; The neuropsychological ones, for which a particular evaluation is needed, are their most frequent sequels. Objective: to describe the neuropsychological characteristics of 42 patients with slight and moderate frontal head trauma. Method: a descriptive cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out with a sample of 42 patients with slight and moderate frontal cranioencephalic trauma who were admitted to "Arnaldo Milian Castro" Neurosurgery Room between January and December 2015. Results: high frequency of alterations of attention, as well as of memory (both constitute a basic process for the adaptation of the human being to the world that surrounds him); the deterioration of memory by different mechanisms causes important functional losses, particularly anterograde amnesia, and difficulty to control of thought and slowing processes, as well as alterations to regulate the emotional response and, in all cases, it will be found some level of alteration of language, associated with negative emotional states. Conclusions: in the studied variables, the presence of different levels of alteration in the attention, in memory, in thinking and in language and of negative emotional states combined in the same patient became them in relevant elements to be present in the evaluation of patients.


Abstract : As Great Lakes shipping extends deep into the winter months, the need for crew safety and cold water survival becomes paramount in importance. A program employing improved individual survival techniques coupled with upgraded anti-exposure and survival equipment requires a first order priority. The Naval Air Development Center has examined the problem of exposure protection for naval aviators. Much of the development techniques and materials employed in this effort can be utilized in developing a single system for Great Lakes shipboard use during the winter season. (Author)


Abstract Worldwide adoption of fourth-generation wireless (4G) long-term evolution (LTE) smartphones and the actual transition to fifth-generation wireless(5G) is the main driving engine for semiconductor industry. 5G is expected to reach high data rate speeds (1 Gbps) and low latency (<1 ms). 5G requires more RF bandwidth and therefore an increase in the number of components such as RF switches, acoustic filters, and power amplifiers integrated in few RF front-end modules. Also, there is an increase in the number of RF radio transmitters and receivers operating at the same time. This paper presents new architecture elements for 5G RF front-end modules. Circuit details and measurements are presented to reduce the RF noise, improve the efficiency, and help the coexistence of multiple radio transmitters. These circuits will help extend the 5G applications with radar-like sensing applications, remote medicine, and autonomous driving.


The effects of liquid properties to fiber radius were studied. The liquid parameters, which was viscosity, elastic modulus, surface tension, mass density as well as charge, were important parameter which have been investigated to produce desired radius of fiber. It was found that simulation by used viscosity 20 Pa. s, elastic modulus 2×10 6 Pa, surface tension 5×10 -3 N/m, mass density 1.5×10 -9 kg/m 3 and charge 6.7×10 -11 C/m 3 , could produce 179.8 nm fiber radius.


Under the background of ducating the innovative talents in China,college or university teachers should adapt the study-based teaching method in order to stimulate students' innovative passion,tightly combine tangible class with intangible one so as to foster the complete innovative circumstance.At the same time,teachers should deepen study-based teaching by establishing new relationship between teachers and students.Moreover the authorities of college and universities should scientifically devise the study-based teaching method.


*Kurdistan board for medical specialties, Erbil, Iraq. Introduction Cadaveric training is fundamental for all branches of medicine, as it is the essence of surgeons' invasive operations, physicians performing emergency procedures or instructors illustrating theoretical concepts. As the methods of education are undergoing cardinal changes, cadaveric training seems to be fallen and tapering gradually. The emotional and socio-cognitive aspects of human dissection are important aspects of professionalism in medical training so should be critically evaluated and assessed. The emotional aspects of dissection are principal requirements in professionalism which in turn signifies medical integrity and guarantees correct professional conduct. Following the crowding of medical curriculum by experimental sciences in recent time, anatomists rethought what dissecting a human body could offer medical students. Hence, modifications of curricula started by a gradual reduction in dissecting periods to accommodate an alternate increase in the study of other experimental sciences. Several studies have shown that dissection is the best way for medical students to deeply understand the structure of human Background and objective: Anatomy education is a principal subject within international medical and scientific curricula. Evidence based literature suggests that cadaver dissection is highly effective in establishing and retaining anatomy concepts. This study aimed to examine the perceptions of medical students about socio-cognitive aspects of dissection of human body in the Department of Anatomy at the College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil. More specifically, the study tried to find out perceptions and level of satisfaction of medical students with engagement factors that improve positive satisfaction in learning. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that included 169 first year medical students in the College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to the medical students during their practical anatomy sessions in the Department of Anatomy. Results: More than half of the students (55%) felt normal on their first exposure to dissection. Almost around half of the students (48.6%) had increased value for fellow humans following cadaveric training. More than 95% of them thought that improvement is needed in the cadaveric training. About 40% of the respondents had a good adaptation to cadaveric training. Conclusion: The traditional dissection laboratory must remain the center for teaching and learning anatomy. It is necessary to examine the curriculum and the mode of teaching. Factors that improve positive perceptions and in learning, like helpful environment and adequate dissection instructors should be thoroughly engaged in the training of our future doctors.


The Gröwth of Gortler vortices in boundary layers on concave walls is investigated. It is shown that for vortices of wavelength comparable to the boundary-layer thickness the appropriate linear stability equations cannot be reduced to ordinary differential equations. The partial differential equations governing the linear stability of the flow are solved numerically, and neutral stability is defined by the condition that a dimensionless energy function associated with the flow should have a maximum or minimum when plotted as a function of the downstream variable X. The position of neutral stability is found to depend on how and where the boundary layer is perturbed, so that the concept of a unique neutral curve so familiar in hydrodynamic-stability theory is not tenable in the Gortler problem, except for asymptotically small wavelengths. The results obtained are compared with previous parallel-flow theories and the small-wavelength asymptotic results of Hall (1982a, b), which are found to be reasonably accurate even for moderate values of the wavelength. The parallel-flow theories of the growth of Gortler vortices are found to be irrelevant except for the small-wavelength limit. The main deficiency of the parallel-flow theories is shown to arise from the inability of any ordinary differential approximation to the full partial differential stability equations to describe adequately the decay of the vortex at the edge of the boundary layer. This deficiency becomes intensified as the wavelength of the vortices increases and is the cause of the wide spread of the neutral curves predicted by parallel-flow theories. It is found that for a wall of constant radius of curvature a given vortex imposed on the flow can grow for at most a finite range of values of X. This result is entirely consistent with, and is explicable by the asymptotic results of, Hall (1982a).


their own colours (Tac. Hist. iii. 22); and the Battle of Lugdunum was in 197 (as given on p. 18) not in 193 (p. 47). On matters of more importance it is surely not surprising that ' Romans and Britons were intermarrying' (p. 31) in the third to fifth centuries; the Britons were Romans by that time, as St. Patrick (there quoted) emphasizes; and for that matter, already in the first century a British lady ' whose ancestors wore woad', married to a Roman officer, was acquitting herself creditably in Roman polite society (Martial xi. 53). Again, Britain was surely never a net nsset to the Roman army. The 18 regiments, or 12,000 men, cited on p. 43, are certainly ' a very respectable figure', but leave—even with an ample allowance for units still unknown and for Britons serving in Britain—a serious debit balance, when compared with the 70 or so cohorts and alae, plus three legions, which Rome had to maintain here. But these are details. The book as a whole will delight both scholars and laymen. It will be of particular value to the reader embarking on the advanced study of Roman Britain, who will find the highly selective bibliography an invaluable guide to what is best worth reading among the voluminous and scattered modern material. In conclusion a word of praise must be given to the excellent folding map of Roman Wales, and one of congratulation to the University Press on an admirable piece of printing and book-production.


The invention is suitable for the field of parking management and provides an information push system, method and apparatus. The system comprises at least one berth information processing device, at least one user terminal and a background server. The background server obtains parking request information of the user terminal and berth state information of the berth information processing device. The parking request information comprises a geographic position identifier of the user terminal. A geographic position identifier corresponding to a berth is obtained according to the berth state information. A berth identifier of a target berth whose geographic position is matched with the user terminal, and the berth identifier is used for consistency comparison with a berth number on a preset berth. Parking confirmation request information including the berth identifier of the target berth is sent to the user terminal. The berth number is confirmed through the abovementioned mode and can be input without manual operation, parking information can be automatically input, the usage is convenient, and the phenomenon that the parking application is failed due to manual input errors is avoided.


Nanostructured FeCdS3 thin films were prepared by spray pyrolysis method using various complexing agents. The current voltage (I–V) characteristics of the films were studied for n-FeCdS3/ polysulfide /graphite photoelectrochemical cell configuration. The fill factor (FF) and efficiency (η) for the cell have been estimated. It was found that PEC cell formed with the film deposited from acetic acid complex shows improvement in Voc, Isc, FF and ŋ %. The junction ideality factors, nd and n1 was found 4.43 and 5.71 for EDTA and decreases to 4.04 And 5.39 respectively for the film deposited from acetic acid. The photovoltaic efficiency (η %) and fill factor (FF%) is 0.21 and 4.42 for the PEC cell formed from the FeCdS3 film deposited from EDTA complex and it increases to 0.41 and 43.47 respectively for cell formed from the film deposited using acetic acid.


The article presents an analysis of the resource approach to the problem of coping behavior of the individual. The author examines the internal resources of the individual which are able to infl uence the effectiveness and adaptability of coping strategies. The article raises the question of sanohenic refl ection as a component of the internal resource of the individual. The results of the study of the infl uence of training in the skills of sanohenic thinking are described. Correlations and signifi cant differences are considered.


Abstract This paper suggests that the nature of process control skill lies in the changed decision making made possible with increased knowledge of process behaviour. During learning, feedback about process output indicates that the process needs correcting, and also that the operator must adjust his choice of action. An experienced operator knows the correct error-action alignment, so has less need to check and correct both the process and his own behaviour. He has a lower work-load and a larger task capacity. Choice of appropriate control actions requires knowledge of the effects of his own behaviour as well as that of the process, and assessment of the task context, If behaviour is chosen to maintain the operator's mental and physical state, as well as to maintain the process, this requires further knowledge about his own potential behaviour, his internal state, and criteria for acceptability of his own state. High task demands may lead to performance breakdown because they cause unfamiliar decision si...


Two molten salt desulfurization processes are illustrated. Precombustion desulfurization of coal takes place in a single vessel. Pulverized coal, slurried with molten salt, is allowed to react with a melt that contains an agent with an affinity for the sulfurous compounds. The coal collects at the top, being less dense than the melt, and is drawn off continuously. The melt and coal are separated, and the accumulated sulfur, plus any soluble ash components, are removed from the melt in a side operation, after which the salts are returned to the reactor. The indirect oxidation of coal with attendant production of steam directly relies on the fact that coal attains a reasonable rate of oxidation at 600- to 800 deg C (1100+ deg F) while current power plants require steam at about 1000 deg F. Instead of merely operating to oxidize the sulfur, flameless oxidation of the coal will take place utilizing chemically bound oxygen from the salts. The offgas will thus be more concentrated, and the sulfur, now comprising almost 1% of it, will be more advantageously removed. The spent salt, now in a reduced form, goes first to a unit to remove ash, by centrifugation or filtration, and thenmore » to the salt regenerator for reoxidation to its original form. The oxygen-depleted air from the regenerator should not require further treatment before release to the atmosphere, save heat exchange to recover its thermal energy. The steam tubes lead directly into the combustor, providing 2,600 lb steam in a single pass. Ash components are drawn off at the bottom of the reactor in both processes. (MCW)« less


A radial heat exchanger has been developed for the accurate control of refrigerant temperature by computer. The theoretical basis of the apparatus is briefly described and calculations are compared with data from experiments on a prototype. The parameters of the control equation and their adaptive correction by computer are discussed, and it is shown how a specified refrigerant temperature is obtained to +or-0.003 degrees C, starting from ill-chosen control parameters.


In the present paper we analyze a toy model for an $f(\phi,R)$ gravity which has the form of a power-law modified gravity in which the exponent is space-time dependent. Namely, we investigate the effects of adding to the Hilbert-Einstein action an $R^{\phi}$-term. We present possible equivalences of the model with known models of modified gravity theories and examine the problem of matter stability in this model. Like $f(R)$-gravity toy models, the present one offers the possibility of unifying the early and the late-time evolution of the Universe. We show that the behavior of the scalar field depends globally on the size of the Universe and locally on the surrounding environment. For the early Universe it lets appear a huge cosmological constant that might drive inflation. For the late-times it lets appear globally a tiny cosmological constant.


It provides a method of cooling components and parts. Component includes a leading edge, a trailing edge, and one or more cavities between the leading and trailing edges, and one or more spreading members adjacent to the cavity. Diffusing member includes an inlet adjacent to the cavity, a metering zone adjacent the inlet, a diffusion region adjacent to the metering zone, and an outlet adjacent to the trailing edge with adjacent diffusion zone. Diffusing member, resulting in uniform cooling of the trailing edge of the flow reduction and parts less than about 70%. .FIELD 1


The beam deflectors based on electro-optic phased array(EOPA) is mainly described, and then an analysis on existing control schemes for driving the EOPA beam deflectors, based on custom hard-wired electronics or based on software in a microcontroller, is made. Compared with these, a driving and control system for a multi-channel EOPA beam deflector is presented, in which the control assignment is implemented with a field programmable gate array(FPGA) chip. For different performance requirements, two control schemes, one with the serial scheme and another with the parallel scheme, have been explored and rapidly prototyped in Xilinx FPGA chips. With the control structures for the EOPA beam deflector, scanning rates of 588kHz and 5MHz can be respectively reached.


A 39-year-old female presented with a 20-year history of a polymorphic, urticated and papular eruption occurring on sun-exposed sites but sparing the face and hands. She had been referred because, after many years of sunscreen use, she had begun to develop an exacerbation of her rash at sites of application of a new sunscreen, including, for the first time, the face. She described an urticated eruption at the site of application of this sunscreen that would settle after several days with scaling. This was an 'organic' sunscreen purchased online, and claimed to be natural and ''made without parabens, lanolin, phthalates, artificial perfumes, petrochemicals and colorants to bring you the purest sunscreen that nature can offer''.


Polyvinyl alcohol(PEG) and polyethylenamine(PEI) have been widely applied in the techno-logical fields related to biochemistry.In this work,the interactions of amylase with PEG and tetraethylene pentamine(TEPA) were investigatied by fluorescence and UV absorption spectra.The results show both the inner fluorescence of amylase and the hydrophobicity of the microenvironment of tyrosine residues are enhanced in the presence of PEG.The quenching mechanism of inner fluorescence of amylase by TEPA is dynamic,but also exhibits a feature of static quenching.The polarity of microenvironment of tryptophan residues of increases amylase due to interaction with TEPA.In the range of this investigation,the binding constant of interaction of PEG with amylase reaches the highest value at 40 ℃,the value of quenching constant of binding between TEPA and amylase becomes the maximum at 30 ℃.The interaction of amylse with PEG or TEPA involves hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions.


At the National Centre for Mathematics and Physics (NCMP), at the King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Saudi Arabia, a versatile low energy ion injector was developed in collaboration with the QUASAR group. This project will allow for a broad experimental program with most different kinds of ions both in single pass setups, but also with ions stored in a fixed-energy electrostatic storage ring. In this contribution, the design of the injector is presented. It was designed for beams with energies of up to 30 kV/q and will allow for switching between different ion sources from e.g. duoplasmatron to electrospray ion sources and to thus provide the users with a wide range of different beams. The mechanical construction of the injector is summarized and the status of its assembly at KACST presented.


Brands are valuable intangible assets that are determinant for the success of many organizations. Due to the complexity of their management, it is felt that the use of branding techniques can improve their competitiveness, extending beyond the marketing context. This article relates branding to certain public relations practices, suggesting that management of the organizations' reputations can be facilitated and enhanced, for the benefit of the image and value of the brands.


Nonlinearity of radio frequency components can lead to undesirable effects such as desensitization, cross-modulation and intermodulation. It is especially of concern in wideband receivers in emerging shared spectrum spaces where adjacent channel signals, or blockers, can enter the receiver circuitry and cause third order intermodulation distortion. This paper analyzes the fundamental aspects of communication system performance with receiver nonlinearity. We derive symbol error rate expressions as a function of blocker power levels and receiver nonlinearity for modulated signals with modulated blockers. These expressions enable analyzing dynamic spectrum access performance and devising receiver-cognizant spectrum access systems. Our numerical results show that SNR losses of more than 2 dB can incur in heterogeneous radio environments.


This study intends to examine changes in household income Mustahik before and after receiving productive zakat funds based on the CIBEST Model. The results showed that based on the CIBEST model the material poverty index decreased by 0.24 or 24 percent out of material poor conditions after the provision of productive zakat and guidance. Furthermore the spiritual poor index from 0.12 or 12 percent fell to 0 percent after the existence of productive zakat funds and guidance. Likewise, absolute poverty from 0.1 or 1 percent to 0 percent of households must come out of absolute poverty. And the welfare index has increased by 46 percent of zakat after zakat assistance and guidance and managed to enter into the welfare category.


Has stock exchange speculation reinforced prejudice in favour of capital Gains Tax? Martin pot, a self-confessed stock market investor, argues that keynes' criticism of stock market 'gambling'-despite himself having regular bouts of speculation-underlies much support for the assimilation of capital gains to income. But speculation is not cured by taxation but by low inflation.


The study is aiming to understand the flow characteristics around a group of cubical bodies placed in a deep turbulent boundary layer. We carried out a carefully designed wind tunnel experiment and analyzed the surface pressure variation around serially aligned buildings when changing the azimuth angle (0~90°). The wind tunnel measurements are made at two different Reynolds numbers, based on the wind velocity at the cube height. The results show that the surface pressure on the frontal face decreases as the azimuth angle increases. In addition the flow separation has a significant effect on the side surface as well as the top surface of the bodies.


Polymer composite composition comprising a propylene copolymer and a low crystalline polymer, wherein the propylene copolymer composition has a comonomer content of 2.5 wt% to 10 wt% of the comonomer is a C5 to C12 α- olefin of the low crystallinity polymer has a melting temperature lower than 120 deg.] C, and wherein further, said polymer composite material having (i) a melting temperature of at least 140 deg.] C, and (ii) not more than 110 ℃ heat sealing initiation temperature (SIT).


Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) typically have a massive number of the sensor devices. The battery-powered (BP) sensor devices are the conventional type that has low transmission power due to the limited battery lifetime. The energy harvesting (EH) sensor devices can recharge their battery and therefore may transmit data with high transmission power. However, due to the low transmission power of the BP sensor device, the data reporting process can suffer from high access failure probability. To address this problem, we propose a sensing-based adaptive data reporting scheme. According to the spectrum sensing results, each sensor device determines the time and duration of data reporting. The sink node resolves the collisions by detecting the variation of the received signal power. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme decreases the access failure probability and increases the total number of successful reportings per frame.


In the article, the author analyzes, from the perspective of the limits of the freedom of speech, one of the controversial forms of expression on the permissibility of abortion. This form of expression consists of presentation in public spaces, large-format photographs containing images of bloody dead human fetuses. Banners containing these types of photographs are presented without any restrictions, which means that anyone, including children, can view them. For this text, common court judgements in which the courts held that this form of expression is not protected by freedom of speech were collected and analyzed. The analysis of the judgments of common courts was complemented by reference to the case-law of the European Court of Human Rights.


The present invention provides a sulfonamide polymer matrix, this matrix indicates if configured as a semi-permeable membrane, improved flux, improved retention characteristics, and / or improved stability. The present invention also provides a process for preparing a sulfonamide polymer matrix of the present invention. The present invention, showing the flux and retention capabilities such as flux and retention capabilities of the polyamide membrane, a stable polysulfonamide membrane, in strong acid conditions and / or is stable to oxidation conditions, RO membrane and NF membrane a semipermeable membrane, as well as severe as corrosive industrial applications useful semipermeable membrane in (mining, industrial desalination, purification of industrial waste, industrial and reuse and solute recovery of housing and the like) provide.


The Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP) was established by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) in 2010 with a goal of reducing preventable hospitalizations by imposing financial penalties on hospitals with higher-than-expected 30-day readmission rates. After the program was created, readmission rates appeared to decrease nationwide for patients hospitalized with heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, and pneumonia, the three conditions it originally targeted.


The contents of nitrate in soils and groundwater samples from the vegetable cultivation area base in Baiyun District of Guangzhou City was analyzed.The results indicated that the content of nitrogen in the soil was 0.122% which ranged between medium to high level,the concentration of NO3——N in groundwater was 0.13~49.84 mg/L,some of samples exceeded the standard.The main factors affecting nitrate content in groundwater were discussed.The impropriated usage of the chemical fertilizer would cause nitrate contamination in soil and groundwater.


A set of automatic feeding device based on Mitsubishi PLC in series FX2N has been designed and can be used for slice processing of leaves of air condition breeze machine.


CSR360 GPN can, on a local scale, offer access to business networks for corporate community investment, broker opportunities, support, advice and much more.


Within this journal article, I seek to promote K-12 educators to think consciously and cognitively of their subject areas on how STEM can be initiator of content-delivery. STEM is still fresh within the confines of the traditional K-12 education field, and many are seeking to understand its relation to the real world as well as other subject areas. Within this article, I seek to prove how STEM steeps itself throughout three other content areas often separated: Language Arts, Social Studies, and the Arts. If we as educators as to enhance and entice our students to think intrinsically and deeply about their learning, it is important that we search to understand how STEM can derive to and from these inherent content focal points.


This article introduces the blue print of digital video communications based on PC. In particular how to transform RGB to YUV and how to realize FDCT and Huffman Coding is discussed. In addtional, it analyzes communications of video and control code on LAN as well as Direct Technique.


PURPOSE: To increase flame resistance without affecting notched impact strength by incorporating a specific polymer, a phosphorus compound and aluminosilicate. CONSTITUTION: 0.1 to 30 pts.wt. of phosphorus compound and 0.1 to 15 pts.wt. of aluminosilicate of formula M 2/n O.Al 2 O 3 .xSiO 2 .yH 2 O (M is H, a metal cation selected from among Ia, IIa, IIIa, IVa, Va, VIa, VIIa, VIII, Ib, IIb and VIb groups of periodic table; n is a cation value, x is 1 to 50, a mole ratio of SiO 2 to Al 2 O 3 ; y is 0 to 9.) are added to 100 pts.wt. of a thermoplastic (co)polymer of ethylenically unsaturated monomers having a weight average mol.wt. of 15000 to 200000, a number average mol.wt. of 60000 to 200000, the intrinsic viscosity of 0.3 to 0.9 or a polymer of difunctional reactive compounds. COPYRIGHT: (C)1994,JPO


ABSTRACT Military occupational designations are standardized classifications that help define and convey a service member's expected duties and responsibilities. The present study examined how occupational designation was related to adverse combat-reactions, specifically posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It was hypothesized that at comparable levels of combat, non-combat units would display greater symptomology than combat units. The study sample consisted of 785 combat-deployed, active-duty enlisted US Army personnel. Participants were administered self-report questionnaires, including the Combat Experiences Scale and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5. Occupation was coded using the three-branch system (i.e., Operations, Support, & Force Sustainment). Hierarchical multiple linear regression (MLR) was run to examine the effect of occupation, combat, and unit cohesion on PTSD symptoms. Operations units reported the highest frequency of combat exposure; however, Force Sustainment units displayed the highest PTSD symptoms. In MLR analysis, there was a significant interaction between Force Sustainment units and combat exposure (β = 0.10, p = .019), that was not observed in Operations or Support units. These findings demonstrate that PTSD symptom intensity is not solely a function of combat exposure, and that non-combat units may react differently when exposed to elevated levels of combat.


The features of intensity shape changes of single focused light beams caused by the photorefractive self-action effect in iron-doped lithium niobate optical waveguides are experimentally investigated and discussed.


The goal of the research project enerMAT is the reduction of energy consumption and CO2 emissions of buildings. Especially solar heating systems are installed in more and more buildings. This paper introduces a novel approach for simulation and optimisation that aims to improve the performance of building controllers and especially solar heating controllers by simulation and model-in-the-loop tests. A new generation of energy-aware optimised building energy management systems (BEMS) will be discussed and its advantages over the older controllers highlighted. The energy-aware optimisation will be shown on a model-based approach with an overall building system model enabling the assessment of the energy performance for different design and operation alternatives of the building automation system in interaction with the building. This system model will allow a simulation-based, energy-aware, global, dynamic, multi-criterial optimisation of BEMS. In this paper, the idea, the approach, and the actual state of the project research is presented with a focus on solar heating controllers.


There is a richness of diverse cultures in present day society. Each culture has a specific history, heritage and traditions which should be maintained and passed on to future generations. In fact, many cultures are not present in mainstream education. Students need to be connected to their own experiences and to see themselves in the resources, and curricula of the classroom. However, there is a lack of African heritage in the curriculum in Nova Scotia public education. To address this need a course entitled English 12: African Heritage language arts was created. Interviews were conducted with educators who designed, developed and implemented this course. This study examines the process involved, the challenges and successful strategies employed by these educators. The author suggests that the implementation of English 12: African Heritage language arts has positive implications for all educators and students in their intercultural understanding and teaching and learning methodologies.


Background: COVID-19 is an epidemic that started in December 2019 and has spread all over the world. It is an infectious disease that not only has an impact on the physical health of the person but also a harmful impact on mental health. Objective: In this study, we have tried to find out the level of anxiety of the people living in rural and urban areas during COVID-19. Method: Online survey method was used in this research paper. A self-developed questionnaire for measure anxiety was used to data collection and data was collected through the online google form. 98 people of rural and urban areas of different states (UP, Delhi, Haryana, Rajasthan) were responded on this form. Mean and the standard deviation was used for the calculation of raw data and to know the significant difference between rural and urban areas people during COVID-19, t-test was used. Result: Mean, standard deviation and t-test were used to know the difference between groups. The mean score of rural and urban areas peoples is 54.29 and 51.48 with SD= 12.33 and 10.88 respectively. The t-value was 1.07 between rural and urban areas peoples which show that there is a significant difference between rural and urban areas peoples at the degree of freedom 96 on 0.15 level of significant. Conclusion: The result shows that there was significant difference between rural and urban living people on anxiety level. Keyword: Rural, Urban, and COVID-19


OVER twenty years ago the American scholar, B. W. Bacon, suggested that the most original things in Christianity were the Gospel sacraments.' Bacon's suggestion has been confirmed by the findings of recent research. The form-critical approach to the New Testament, the study of early Christian liturgy and the investigation of the most primitive confessions of faith have all combined to show that long before there were any Church buildings and even before there was any written New Testament, the life of the Early Church revolved round the two focal points of baptism and the Lord's Supper. The chief reason for their importance was that each was regarded


Studying the substructure of jets has become a powerful tool for event discrimination and for studying QCD. Typically, jet substructure studies rely on Monte Carlo simulation for vetting their usefulness; however, when possible, it is also important to compute observables with analytic methods. Here, we present a global next-to-leading-log resummation of the angular correlation function which measures the contribution to the mass of a jet from constituents that are within an angle R with respect to one another. For a scale-invariant jet, the angular correlation function should scale as a power of R. Deviations from this behavior can be traced to the breaking of scale invariance in QCD. To do the resummation, we use soft-collinear effective theory relying on the recent proof of factorization of jet observables at e+ e- colliders. Non-trivial requirements of factorization of the angular correlation function are discussed. The calculation is compared to Monte Carlo parton shower and next-to-leading order results. The different calculations are important in distinct phase space regions and exhibit that jets in QCD are, to very good approximation, scale invariant over a wide dynamical range.


Industrial agriculture has dominated food production in the United States for close to one hundred years. It has contributed to major public health problems, including segregation, climate change, the depletion of natural resources, malnutrition, and mental illness. Integrating sustainable agriculture into urban communities can help alleviate these public health issues. Unfortunately, Euclidean zoning laws and the current allocation of crop subsidies in the United States obstruct meaningful progress. Sustainable food production requires national food policies that drastically change the way food is produced. When the National Land Use Policy Act was defeated in 1974, momentum for a national land use law slowed to a halt. Subsequently, scholarship around this barrier and a national land use scheme is limited and often outdated. To address this hindrance, Congress should confer certain rights on urban sustainable farmers through legislation that combines elements of state enacted "by right" and "right-to-farm" statutes. The federal government's authority to create a national land use scheme derives from multiple Constitutional sources. Congress should look to the Commerce Clause as the best source for enacting a national land use law. Local government also continues to occupy a significant role in land use schemes. This Article illustrates what states and municipalities can do, and what they have done, to alleviate land use barriers to sustainable urban agriculture. The changes proposed in this Article represent just one step toward a future of sustainable food production, but it is a critical step at a critical time.


Data-intensive Web applications usually require integrating data from Web sources at query time. The sources may refer to the same real-world entity in different ways and some may even provide outdated or erroneous data. An important task is to recognize and merge the records that refer to the same real world entity at query time. Most existing duplicate detection and fusion techniques work in the off-line setting and do not meet the online constraint. There are at least two aspects that differentiate online duplicate detection and fusion from its off-line counterpart. (i) The latter assumes that the entire data is available, while the former cannot make such an assumption. (ii) Several query submissions may be required to compute the "ideal" representation of an entity in the online setting. This paper presents a general framework for the online setting based on an iterative record-based caching technique. A set of frequently requested records is deduplicated off-line and cached for future reference. Newly arriving records in response to a query are deduplicated jointly with the records in the cache, presented to the user and appended to the cache. Experiments with real and synthetic data show the benefit of our solution over traditional record linkage techniques applied to an online setting.


Let $(C_m^d)_{\infty}$ denote the graph whose set of vertices is $Z_m^d$ in which two distinct vertices are adjacent iff in each coordinate either they are equal or they differ, modulo $m$, by at most 1. Bollobas, Kindler, Leader, and O'Donnell proved that the minimum possible cardinality of a set of vertices of $(C_m^d)_{\infty}$ whose deletion destroys all topologically nontrivial cycles is $m^d-(m-1)^d$. We present a short proof of this result, using the Brunn-Minkowski inequality, and also show that the bound can be achieved only by selecting a value $x_i$ in each coordinate $i$, $1\leq i\leq d$, and by keeping only the vertices whose $i$th coordinate is not $x_i$ for all $i$.


Abstract Synthesis of silylglycosides of 3-azido-2-deoxy-L-arabino- and ribo-hexopyranoses 4 and 5 has been achieved in 3 steps and 44,6% and 18% overall yields, respectively. The corresponding N-trifluoroacetamido derivatives 9 and 10 were further prepared in 3 steps. Usefulness of 4,9, and 10 was demonstrated by coupling with epipodophyllotoxin derivatives or with suitably protected amino-acids such as serine or 4-OH-phenylglycine or 4-OH-phenylglycinyl glucoside.


— The present research paper attempts to bring feminist perspective in the work of the famous novelist Nugui Wa Thion g'o. It studies the nature of woman in one of his novels Petal of Blood. It deals with the geographical background of Kenya and the impact of British colonialism. It alsoanalysis the feminist aspects of the novel and the women characters in Petals of Blood are the victims of the patriarchal structure of the African society. Through Ngugi's novel Petals of Blood, the reader comes across the fact that a woman can be a mother, politician, socialist, educator and provider of the family at the same time. Women like Nyakinyua and Wanja struggle hard against colonialism. They strongly desire to curb oppression and exploitation of Kenyan society. Ngugi shows British colonialism becoming responsible for the destruction of Kikuyu- Kenyan society. He strongly believes in women's natural abilities and qualities. Most of his protagonists are women and they play roles in the struggle against oppression and exploitation. They try to break patriarchal barriers and bring changes in their society to liberate themselves. Nugui shows the nature of woman, he also throws the light on the positive and negative aspects of women in Kenyan society. Nugui doesn't ignore the impact of colonialism on the society in general and women in particular in his novels " . Nyakinyua brings out the state of women and the plight of the poor. Thus, Petals of blood deals with the exploitation of the African women on the basis of race, class and gender.


We analyze teleseismic receiver functions to determine the crustal structure beneath the Indochina peninsula which is located immediately south‐east of the eastern Himalayan syntaxis basin. We found that the Indochina peninsula is characterized by a thin (∼31 km) crust with a low Vp/Vs ratio (∼1.68). The intra‐lower crustal low‐velocity zone (LVZ) is observed beneath the northwestern part of our study region. We hypothesize that it is an extension of the lower crustal LVZ observed beneath the southeastern Tibet and the South China block and that it terminates at the Dien Bien Phu Fault (DBPF). A LVZ observed in the upper crust beneath southeast of the DBPF indicates that the crust is ductile and earthquakes are rare.


In keeping with our increasing emphasis on thematic issues of pressing public health importance, I am pleased that this issue of Health Education Research is devoted to the topic of childhood obesity, and I sincerely thank Associate Editor Jenny O'Dea for spearheading this timely effort. Increasing rates of childhood overweight and obesity have rapidly spread throughout the world, starting in developed countries, like the United States, and now beginning to be observed in the developing world as well. In fact, some developing countries are being confronted with the double burden of malnutrition or undernutrition in some segments of the population and obesity or over-nutrition elsewhere. The obesity epidemic has taken center stage, usurping tobacco as the global cause celebre on the front page of the global media, and even sparking a lively debate in the United States whether and when obesity would surpass smoking as the leading cause of death. Because the study of obesity as a public health problem appears destined to be intertwined with the study of tobacco, it is useful to consider two related issues. First, what can be learned from the efforts to reduce tobacco use and do these lessons have relevance for the prevention of childhood obesity? Second, but more broadly, how can we do more to increase the generalizability or external validity of our research efforts so as to know better if and when certain approaches can be extended to multiple public health problems? There has been substantial scholarship on the applicability of potential public health lessons, particularly from tobacco control, to the prevention of childhood obesity. This research has focused on the major types of tobacco control interventions and commented on the potential relevance or general-izability to obesity prevention, with, in my opinion, no clear consensus as to effectiveness or feasibility. Most would agree that the hallmarks of contemporary tobacco control include intervention strategies such as normative change of the social acceptability of tobacco use, tax increases, marketing restrictions and countermarketing, prevention and cessation services, policy and legislative actions, litigation and most recently the first-of-its-kind global treaty. This heavy emphasis on policy interventions has not always been the case, with the early years of tobacco control focused on clinical and small-group interventions. These individually focused interventions were supplanted with a greater emphasis on population efforts, partly due to the increasing advocacy for social change driven by the non-smokers rights movement and partially driven …


The influential factors of electric power consumption in Shaanxi Province are decomposed.The unit root test,co-integration analysis and error correcting mode(ECM) are applied to test influences of different factors on electric power consumption in Shaanxi Province,the prediction for time trend of electric power consumption within a short term is given.Based on which,it is pointed out that the economy development,transformation of economic structure and promoting of consumption efficiency are the potential factors on electric power consumption;from the long views,the building of energy economy society depends on further upgrading of economic structure.


Emil Pain is director of the Center for Ethno-political Studies (NGO/Moscow) and Starovoitova Fellow on Human Rights and Conflict Resolution, at the the Kennan Institute, Washington, D.C.Before comparing the policies of Vladimir Putin with those of his predecessors, one must remind oneself that Putin is not a new political actor: He is a part of the Yeltsin legacy. Yet Yeltsin's politics were different in various periods. His government began in the time of liberalism, and its main task was to reduce the role of the state in Russian society. Later, his approach was said to be based on the necessity of strengthening the role of the state. In the first stages of Yeltsin's presidency, the foreign policy positions of Russia and the West were noticably similar, right up to the support of Russian leadership for the American action against Saddam Hussein. In the second period Russia took a separate position on the majority of serious international problems: Bosnia, Kosovo, Iraq, and Iran. If in the first period bright, famous people surrounded Yeltsin--Gaidar, Chubais, Kozirev, and others--than in the second stage there were darker, less-noted bureaucrats such as Borodin, Korzjakov, Yumashev, and Voloshin.During this second stage, after 1996, when the former liberal goals were forgotten and the oligarchic, or so-called "family," form of administration of Russia was strengthened, Vladimir Putin was born as an independent political actor. Putin received his first post in the rank of minister and became the head of the Federal Security Forces. Then Yeltsin publicly named him his successor. In the consciousness of the majority of Russians, however, he wasn't perceived as a successor who would continue the antiliberal tendencies of the second stage of Yeltsin's governance. Moreover, some of the Russian intelligentsia--who traditionally place all of their hope for a better future in a new leader, be it tsar or general secretary of the Communist Party, and who wanted to see the new president as a deliverer of Russia from all her woes--contrived several myths about Putin as a liberal and reformer, and those myths in part were shared by the West.The first myth: Putin wants the reformation of Russia, but the "Yeltsin family" is inhibiting him. This is a typical Russian myth, resembling the traditional Russian fairy tale about the "good tsar" and the "bad boyars." But I was surprised that some of my American colleagues spoke in terms of this myth when they described the modern political situation in Russia. In fact, the Yeltsin family named Putin the guarantor of the family's preservation, and they are still quite satisfied with him.I use the term "family" not only in the narrow sense (to mean relatives of Yeltsin), but in the wider meaning to include the groups of people and corporations that received most of the profit from the privatization of Soviet property. The Yeltsin family is striving to retain its advantages in three ways: First, they devote all their power to defeating political and economic competitors, especially the Moscow group, led by Mayor Luzhkov, who openly stated that he plans to re-examine the results of privatization. The casualty of the group became Berezovsky, who not long ago played a more important role in the family. But Berezovsky is not the first man in history to become a victim of something he had himself created.Second, the Yeltsin family group is striving to subordinate the government and retain power by using the mass media, most of all television, to manipulate the consciousness of the population, especially before the elections. Third, they are striving to weaken the political influence of regional leaders, who form the only political group potentially capable of restricting the all-powerful Kremlin in Russia, where until recently no new parties or other institutions of civil society were developed. Decreasing the political weight of the regional leaders also allows those closest to the Kremlin oligarchy to place the regional economies under their control. …


ABSTRACT We determined spatial patterns in distribution and biomass of 163 fish species in nearshore waters around Tutuila Island, American Samoa. Visual surveys of reef fishes along 30 by 5 m belt transects were conducted using a hierarchical nested design at five spatial scales from individual transects to tens of kilometers, allowing assessment of broad geographic patterns. Benthic cover data were derived from video transect surveys to test the relationship between habitat and distributions of reef fishes. We found that fish biomass, density, and numerical abundance in American Samoa are dominated by herbivores from relatively few species in the families Acanthuridae and Scaridae. Subsets of carnivore species covaried positively with live coral, algae, and coralline algae cover. Herbivores, in contrast, covaried positively with filamentous algae and coralline algae (i.e., their foods). Biomass of fishes at different trophic categories was associated with higher abundance of food material and habitat availability. Significantly higher biomass occurred along the south shore of Tutuila and at reefs with greater exposure to wave energy, such as topographic points, despite the occurrence of lower live coral cover. Significant variations in fish biomass occurred at large spatial scales, specifically at habitat and exposure levels. Variations at these scales were apparently driven by association of the most dominant trophic group with its food source and the extent but not the quality of habitat.


Modeling of adsorption in pores with strongly heterogeneous walls. Computer simulations approach We discuss the state of art in computer simulation of adsorption in nanopores with strongly heterogeneous rough wall structures. As an example, we review the recent models used in simulations of MCM-41 adsorbent and discuss their capacity to reproduce experimental adsorption isotherms, in the whole range of relative pressures. The conclusions of previous studies are compared with our recent model of heterogeneous pores characterized by separately energetic or structural heterogeneity, or both of them. On this basis we identify the main factors responsible for the mechanism of adsorption and discuss their influence on the results of simulations of adsorption. Some possibilities of further improvements of the model are also suggested.


Eight genetically diverse strains of hexaploid triticale were crossed in a half diallel fashion to produce 28 F1 hybrids. The experimental material was grown under three environments (planting dates). The observations were recorded for the relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate(NAR) and leaf area duration(LAD) at four stages of development. In a pooled analysis, mean squares due to general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects were highly significant. The GCA x E and SCA x E interaction mean squares were highly significant for all measured traits. In general, additive genetic variances were of higher magnitude than the non-additive genetic variance. Moreover, additive gene effects were more stable over a range of environments whereas non-additive gene effects were much influenced by environmental variation.


withrenalinsufficiency consentedtobeincludedin thestudy, the protocol ofwhichwasapproved by the local Ethics Committee.Exclusion criteria included cardiac, respiratoryandhepaticdiseasesidentifiedbyclinical exami-nation androutinebiological tests.The patients were divided into four groupsaccordingtotheir creatinine clearance


Human tongue is the only organ of human, which can be laid out. It takes an important role in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) because of its abundant biomedical information. With the progress of modernization of TCM, computerization of tongue diagnosis attracts the researchers' interesting. Thus, how to get an accurate tongue region becomes a key of automatic tongue diagnosis. However, tongue images segmentation is difficult for some physiological properties: tongue is non-rigid and has a high degree of variability in size, shape, color and texture. This paper presents a novel tongue detection method based on B-spline. Applying this method to tongue image, we can get the satisfying results with the respect to robust and veracity


Honey must represents a fascinating environment totally unexplored, its fermentation being different by grape must fermentation. We can characterize honey must as being a difficult medium for fermentation due to its sugar content which is approximately three times higher than the grape must. The biochemical composition varies from one to another type of honey being directly influenced by changes in environmental factors – is difficult to obtain from a batch to another a finished product that meets the same biochemical and sensory characteristics. Because of this variables a lengthy and rigorous study is required to examine the depth and aspects that affect the production of mead, researching the raw material and the affecting factors ending with the production process and how it can be optimized (Şarba et al. 2014). A mix of adjuvants it is necessary to help the yeast, and provide the nitrogen necessary in sugar metabolization. Also, by increasing the pitching rate, the amount of suspended yeast cells added to a batch, can save time in the fermentation process. However it could also have deleterious side effects on the fermentation performance or on the flavor profile of the final beverage (Verbelen et al. 2009).


In this study the authors describe the research with the title "An Analysis of Management Information Procedure in PT. Yamaha Tembung, Medan, Indonesia" at the Yamaha company. This study aims to determine whether the information management procedure system has met the elements of internal control in the company. The research method used is descriptive analysis method. The results of research conducted indicate that the overall system of information procedures applied to the company has fulfilled the elements of internal control that have been prepared well, but the elements of internal control in terms of good practice to satisfy consumers.


With benzoyl peroxide as initiator, BMA/HEMA copolymer was firstly synthesized by suspension polymerization, and then the functional fiber that could absorb organic matter was prepared by gelation-spinning, finally its corresponding characteristics were studied. The results analyzed by WAXD and TG showed that the crystallization ability of fiber is dependent on the mass fraction of HEMA; the higher the mass fraction of HEMA is, the weaker the crystallization ability. The investigation on swelling behavior showed that the absorbency for BMA homopolymer fiber decreases with increasing absorptive time, even the fiber can dissolve into organic matter. After HEMA was copolymerized with BMA, the absorbency increases as increasing absorptive time, but the absorbency for fiber with 5 wt% HEMA is lower than that for fiber with 10 wt% or 15 wt% HEMA at the same absorptive time. The remaining ratio and oil retention ratio increase with the increase of the mass fraction of HEMA. The result obtained by SEM showed that the surface morphology is also dependent on HEMA content; it becomes coarser with increasing HEMA content. In addition, DSC analysis indicated that less than a threshold of trichloroethylene absorbency, the trichloroethylene molecules absorbed in copolymer cannot construct crystals in the copolymer matrix; beyond this threshold, the absorbed trichloroethylene can construct crystals near −84°C and −110°C. FTIR analysis explained that the absorbed trichloroethylene forms hydrogen bonds with hydroxyls and ester groups in copolymer during the process of absorption.


Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune multisystem disease, the cause of which remains unknown despite intensive study by hundreds of investigators. Immunologic, genetic, hormonal, viral, and environmental factors have been implicated as etiologic or pathogenetic in SLE. Understanding of these factors has been furthered by their occurrence in several inbred strains of mice which spontaneously develop diseases similar to human SLE. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the study of murine lupus and of genetic and immunoregulatory factors in human SLE.


Disturbances that arise in material removal by repeated attempts to track the same path have the particular characteristics of non-repetitive magnitudes, but nearly-repetitive or gradual gradient transitions. This paper proposes and validates Iterative Learning Control (ILC) with a PD-type learning function for this class of disturbance as a predictive controller for autonomous excavation. However, parameters of the PD learning function may require different tunings for different excavation conditions, and convergence can be slow when compared to changes in excavation dynamics. In order to improve convergence, a plant inversion learning function is reinterpreted as a disturbance observer in the iteration domain, effectively rendering a disturbance learning controller (DLC). A hydraulic mini-excavator was used to evaluate experimentally the performance of the conventional ILC and the DLC against a robust controller. ILC achieved a desired cut profile with non-monotonic transients and DLC converged faster by learning disturbances directly from command discrepancies.


In the current pandemic period, every formal education institution needs to update its digital learning process and design a curriculum that is relevant to the needs of today's and next generation. Leaders have to overcome these challenges before they can empower individuals to become technology users who will be able to apply multiple technologies. This study aims to identify digital leadership processes used by leaders in higher education to lead to increased effective learning during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study collected data using a qualitative research design with semi-structured interviews and data analysis using the six phases of Braun and Clark. Our study involved 24 respondents according to preselected criteria, and they were divided into four categories: rectors, deans, junior high school principals, and senior high school principals. The results of this study's findings can be implemented to support various stages of educational program development from the educational technology adoption cycle and promote e-leadership initiatives during the COVID-19 outbreak.


Ecology is a branch of biology concerned with the relations between organisms and their environment. Educational ecology is the study of the disciplines of education, using the scientific thinking of the study of relations between biological and environmental. There are many problems in practical applications of network education as the third generation of distance education, such as the simple relocation of the traditional classroom ecology, waste of resources caused by over-enrichment, lack of ecological evaluation system and so on. We analyze the application of Educational ecology in network education and put forward some countermeasures. Such as the construction of the network eco-environment on eco-concept, co-evolution of the ecological resources and concept of network, the introduction of the ecological evaluation system and Construction of ecological competition, construction of the bridge between network education eco-system and social eco-system and so on.


Abstract : The linearized equation governing the flow of a density-stratified liquid is used, small velocity perturbations and an exponential variation of density with height having been assumed. The effect of accelerative forces is included in addition to gravity forces; thus, there is no restriction to small Froude numbers. A simple transformation of the partial differential equation puts it in a form analogous to the small Froude number equation studied in earlier reports. Solutions are then obtained by analogy to small Froude number solutions. Two types of singularities are considered, the vortex (lift producing) and the 'pseudo-dipole' (thickness and lift producing). The latter is used in place of a simple dipole (producing thickness only) because pseudo-dipoles on a horizontal plane located in a closed channel (symmetrically) or in an infinite fluid produce a body which is symmetrical top to bottom. The lift force is required to maintain this body symmetry at non-zero Froude numbers, but disappears as the Froude number approaches zero. The effect of Froude number on upstream disturbances, lee waves and wave drag is indicated. (Author)


Electric vehicle supply infrastructures in the framework of DC microgrid represent a promising solution for the effective smart integration of electric mobility in power grids. In the context of optimal energy management of microgrids, technical and economic condition fostering electric vehicle and energy storage systems interaction within the microgrid and with distribution network should be assessed. In this study, a set of different scenarios involving variations on structural, operation and economic conditions is investigated in the microgrid day-ahead energy management. The purpose of the study is to detect and compare differences in exchanged power within the microgrid and with the distribution grid, by means of proper technical and economic performance indicator definition. The procedure is applied to a realistic installation, involving a photovoltaic generator, a battery energy storage system and a set of five bidirectional EV charging stations.


This document contains information for the preparation of manuscripts in camera-ready form to be submitted to the 3rd ICBEM and 1st Slo-CroMBE. Please limit this abstract part to no more than 15 lines. abstract 10 pt italic headings 10 pt BOLD CAPS. normal text 10 pt normal


A Spaceflight Optical Disk Recorder (SODR) is being developed by NASA. A primary goal of the SODR program is to develop a modular SODR system architecture which can address a wide range of Mass Storage applications from spaceflight to ground based systems and a modular performance configurability from small capacity and low data rates to very large capacity and very high data rates. First application on EOS, a polar orbiting platform of the Space Station system, has been used to drive the SODR design. This established a range of performance requirements for the system. A modular architecture was then developed which allows an SODR system to be configured from a suite of modules to meet any storage capacity, I/O data rate and thruput rate in increments governed by each module's performance.


Two types of Na-doped and Na/Se co-doped polycrystalline,sintered samples of p-type AgSbTe2 thermo-electric compounds were prepared from high purity elements by a melt-quench technique followed by spark plasma sintering(Ⅰ: with excess Na or Na/Se,AgNa0.01SbTe2,AgNa0.01SbTe2Se0.04;Ⅱ : replacing corresponding elements by Na or Na/Se,Ag0.99Na0.01SbTe2,Ag0.99Na0.01SbTe1.96Se0.04).The impacts of Na-doping,Na/Se co-doping and doping form on electrical and thermal transport properties were investigated.Meanwhile,by comparing the thermoelectric performance of samples with different kinds of doping form,the optimal doping method is obtained.That is Na re-placing Ag,Se replacing Te with appropriate amount of excess Se.Due to the elevation of Seebeck coefficient by Na-doping and optimization of electrical and thermal conductivities by Se-doping,a maximum of ZT merit of 1.4 is achieved at 620 K for sample Ag0.99Na0.01SbTe1.96Se0.04,representing a 17% enhancement with respect to the undoped sample at the same temperature.


We present our observational results of the 0.87 mm polarized dust emission in the Class 0 protostar B335 obtained with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) at a 0.″2 (20 au) resolution. We compared our data at 0.87 mm with those at 1.3 mm from the ALMA archive. The observed polarization orientations at the two wavelengths are consistent within the uncertainty, and the polarization percentages are systematically higher at 1.3 mm than 0.87 mm by a factor of ∼1.7, suggesting that the polarized emission originates from magnetically aligned dust grains. We inferred the magnetic field orientations from the observed polarization orientations. We found that the magnetic field changes from ordered and highly pinched to more complicated and asymmetric structures within the inner 100 au scale of B335, and the magnetic field connects to the center along the equatorial plane as well as along the directions that are ∼40°–60° from the equatorial plane. We performed nonideal MHD simulations of collapsing dense cores. We found that similar magnetic field structures appear in our simulations of dense cores with the magnetic field and rotational axis slightly misaligned by 15° but not in those with the aligned magnetic field and rotational axis. Our results suggest that the midplane of the inner envelope within the inner 100 au scale of B335 could be warped because of the misaligned magnetic field and rotational axis, and the magnetic field could be dragged by the warped accretion flows.


Functional image sequences obtained from image reconstruction techniques applied to magneto and electroencephalography data convey a large amount of information in the space and time domains. Conventional approaches to their analysis necessitate considerable input from neuroscience experts to extract pertinent information. We introduce in this paper an automatic data sequencing procedure of these brain activation maps. Our main objective consists in facilitating and accelerating the extraction of spatiotemporal activation patterns of interest called activation cells. These cells are tracked across time with a consistent labeling strategy that follows a small set of predefined evolutionary scenarios. Resulting graphical synopsis are exemplified on the analysis of epileptic spike events and indicate satisfactory consistency with human expertise


Abstract. The goal of this work is to verify if it is possible to apply Evolutionary Algorithms to on-lin e learning in computer games. Some authors agree that evolutionary algorithms do not work properly in tha t case. With the objective of contesting this affirma tion, this work was performed. To accomplish the goal of this work, a computer game was developed, in which the learning algorithm must create intelligent and adaptive strategies to control the non-player chara cters using an evolutionary algorithm. Therefore, the aim of the evolutionary algorithm is to adapt the strategy used by the computer according to the player's actions during the game. A review on Evolutionary Computation and the techniques used to produce intelligent behaviors for the computer controlled characters in modern game is presented, exposing th e advantages, the problems and some applications of each technique. The proposed game is also explained , together with the implemented algorithms, the experiments and the obtained results. Finally, it i s presented a comparison between the implemented algorithm and the Dynamic Script technique. Thus, t his work offers contributions to the fields of Evolutio nary Computation and Artificial Intelligence applied to games.


Objective:To evaluate the applied value of the aerated elastic fixation tractor for treatment of thoracolumbar vertebral bursting fracture after internal fixation with posterior approach.Methods:A nonblinded,prospective and randomized controlled evaluation was performed.Four hundred and eighty patients,aging from 25 years to 45 years,who suffered from single segmental thoracolumbar vertebral bursting fractures with more than 50% loss of vertebral height at the anterior part,were randomly divided into 4 groups: patients in group A and C used the aerated elastic tractor respectively 3 weeks and 8 weeks after the operation while patients in group B and D used ordinary hard waist belt 3 weeks and 8 weeks after the operation,respectively.The ALPF method was applied.All the patients were followed up for 5 years.The evaluation items included the following:(1) The anterior vertebral height,posterior vertebral height and correction of sagittal kyphotic Cobb angle before and after the operation,before the internal fixation being taken out and by the last follow-up;(2) Neurological function by Frankel grade before the operation and by the last follow-up;(3) Lumbago by Denis grade at the last follow-up.Results:(1) No broken screws were noted in group A and C while there were 8 cases with screws broken in group B(6.7%) and 3 in group D(2.5%).(2) The anterior,posterior vertebral height and sagittal kyphotic Cobb angle recovered well after the operation in all groups and there were significant differences compared with before the operation(P0.01) but no remarkable differences appeared among the 4 groups(P0.05).Before the internal fixation was taken out and by the last follow-up,the loss of injured anterior vertebral height was more obvious and sagittal kyphotic Cobb angle increased notably in group B than in the rest groups(P0.01).No obvious losses were observed in group A,C and D(P0.05),with better outcome as compared to group B(P0.01).(3) At the last follow-up,better neurological function was shown in group A,C and D as compared to group B(P0.05),and low back pain lessened compared with group B(P0.01).A positive correlation presented between lumbago degree and sagittal kyphotic Cobb angle(coefficient correlation was 0.305,P 0.05).Conclusion:Satisfactory reposition can be obtained with ALPF in treating thoracolumbar vertebral bursting fractures but the efficacy can be affected by lack of valid protection.The post-operative application of the aerated elastic fixation tractor can ensure patients getting out of bed earlier,validate reset effect,lower internal fixation failure rate and decrease lumbago degree.


The goals of current management practices in riparian areas in the Pacific Northwest includ protecting and maintaining habitat for terrestrial wildlife. However, little is known about the use of riparian buffers by terrestrial wildlife. particularly how buffer width may affect abundance and specics composition of wildlife communities. In this study. I compared bird assemblages in logged and unlogged riparian areas along headwater streams and assessed the relations between bird abundance and riparian buffer width. The abundances of 4 species of forest-associated birds that were more abundant in unlogged than in logged beadwater riparian stands (Pacific-slope flycatcher [Empidonax difficilis], brown creeper [Certhia americanu], chestnut-backed chickadee [Poecile rufesccus], winter wren [Troglodytes troglodytes]) increased with increasing width of riparian bnffers, However, 4 other species that also were more abundant in unlogged than logged riparian stands (Hammond's flyecatcher [Empidonax hammondii], golden-crowned kinglet [Regulus satrapa], varied thrush [Ixoreus nacvius], hermit warbler [Dendroica occidentalis]) were rarely observed in even the widest buffers sampled (40-70 m on 1 side of the stream), Although riparian buffers along headwater streains are not expected to support all bird species found in unlogged riparian areas, they are likely to provide the most benefit for forest-associated bird species if they are >40 m wide, and density of large trees within buffers is not reduced by harvesting.


Most research into suicide has been conducted in developed Western countries, and no cross-national studies have used a single methodology to study suicide phenomena. These researchers used the methodologically solid World Mental Health Survey to estimate prevalence of suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts in 84,850 subjects in 17 countries on five continents. To learn about risk factors, investigators re-interviewed all subjects with mental disorders …


A non-linear Bayesian Monte-Carlo method is presented to estimate a Vsv model beneath
stations by jointly interpreting Rayleigh wave dispersion and receiver functions and associated
uncertainties. The method is designed for automated application to large arrays of broad-band
seismometers. As a testbed for the method, 185 stations from the USArray Transportable
Array are used in the IntermountainWest, a region that is geologically diverse and structurally
complex. Ambient noise and earthquake tomography are updated by applying eikonal and
Helmholtz tomography, respectively, to construct Rayleighwave dispersion maps from 8 to 80 s
across the study region with attendant uncertainty estimates.Amethod referred to as 'harmonic
stripping method' is described and applied as a basis for quality control and to generate
backazimuth independent receiver functions for a horizontally layered, isotropic effective
medium with uncertainty estimates for each station. A smooth parametrization between (as
well as above and below) discontinuities at the base of the sediments and crust suffices to fit most
features of both data types jointly across most of the study region. The effect of introducing
receiver functions to surface wave dispersion data is quantified through improvements in
the posterior marginal distribution of model variables. Assimilation of receiver functions
quantitatively improves the accuracy of estimates of Moho depth, improves the determination
of the Vsv contrast across Moho, and improves uppermost mantle structure because of the
ability to relax a priori constraints. The method presented here is robust and can be applied
systematically to construct a 3-D model of the crust and uppermost mantle across the large
networks of seismometers that are developing globally, but also provides a framework for
further refinements in the method.


In this paper, we consider an application of hyperstructure theory in biological inheritance in which we deal with n-ary hyperstructures associated to the genotypes of the second generation F2 for n = 2, 3, 4. First, we define a hyperoperation × (mating) on F2 and prove that it is a cyclic Hv-semigroup under the defined hyperoperation. Then we define a ternary hyperstructure f associated to the genotypes of F2 and prove that (F2,f) is a ternary Hv-semigroup. Finally, we define a 4-ary hyperstructure g associated to the genotypes of F2 and prove that (F2,g) is a 4-ary Hv-semigroup.


This paper examines the social and cognitive development of children using three distinct theories: Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development, Lev Vygotsky's sociocultural theory with emphasis on his concept of zone of proximal development, and Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development. These theories were witnessed while observing the actions and interactions that occurred during the early education of three and four year olds at McMillan's First Step Daycare in New Orleans, Louisiana. This paper's original purpose was to fulfill a final analysis assignment in Psychology 1012: Human Development that combined classroom learning with hands-on training during sixteen hours of service-learning. The names used in this paper are pseudonyms of children to protect their anonymity. While working at McMillan's, I was required to apply theories learned in the classroom and analyze how these theories helped me when working with children. Each theory was identified, applied to a situation, and analyzed. The application of these three theories of child development demonstrated that there are multiple aspects of learning that shape a child's ideas, beliefs, and actions.


Many traits of Brassica napus are quantitative traits under multigenetic control and QTL mapping determines genomic positions of the genes that control the quantitative traits based on the relation ship between molecular markers and QTL by means of molecular markers on the basis of genetic linkage map.This paper briefly introduces the principles and methods of QTL mapping,summarized the researches concerning with genetic mapping,QTL mappings of major traits,such as fatty acid composition,oil content,flowering time and seed yield,and genetic effect analysis of B.napus,and discussed the problems and application prospect of molecular marker rapeseed breeding based on QTL.


Small spherical virus with diameter of ca,20 nm was isolated from infected shrimps.Thevirions were icosahedron and naked. The infection exDeriment showed that the mortality was upto 66%.The viral nucleic acid was ssDNA after digested with DNase,RNase and Sl nuclease,Analysis of viral polypeptides by SDS-PAGE revealed that the virion had four structural polypep-tides with MW 86 kD,79kD,70 kD and 25.5 kD.These resul ts were in comformity with Par-voviridae,thus it was proposed that the virus be named Penaeus chinesis Parvovirus.


A novel dimming technology for LED lighting was proposed based on SEPIC topology.In this technique,power factor could be tuned from 0.7 to 1 by using an external adjustable resistor ranging from 154 Ω to 14.5 kΩ,which made the output current changing linearly from 130 mA to 465 mA.An ASIC based on the novel technique was implemented with a layout area of 1 mm×1 mm in CSMC's 0.5 μm 40 V BCD process.Test data agreed with simulation results.The power conversion efficiency could be maintained above 92.7% all the time,with maximum value up to 94%.


The advancement in wireless communication has encouraged the process of data transferring through the Internet. The process of data sharing via the Internet is prone to several attacks. The sensitive information can be protected from hackers with the help of a process called Encryption. Owing to the increase in cyber-attacks, encryption has become a vital component of modern-day communication. In this article, an image encryption algorithm is suggested using dynamic substitution and chaotic systems. The suggested scheme is based upon the chaotic logistic map, chaotic sine maps and the dynamical substitution boxes (S-boxes). In the proposed scheme, the S-box selection is according to the generated sequence by deploying the chaotic sine map. To evaluate the robustness and security of the proposed encryption scheme, different security analysis like correlation analysis, information entropy, energy, histogram investigation, and mean square error are performed. The keyspace and entropy values of the enciphered images generated through the proposed encryption scheme are over 2278 and 7.99 respectively. Moreover, the correlation values are closer to zero after comparison with the other existing schemes. The unified average change intensity (UACI) and the number of pixel change rate (NPCR) for the suggested scheme are greater than 33, 99.50% respectively. The simulation outcomes and the balancing with state-of-the-art algorithms justify the security and efficiency of the suggested scheme.