I'm happy enough with whatever happens to the sky. Weather when it's all mixed up is a kind of company, like somebody talking to you, saying one thing and then another. Weather's how you have a conversation with this earth. Still it confuses a man up with clothes, putting them on and off. Start of spring gives me that boy chill. I was always cold, never much for just shirt sleeves, and maybe felt a little bit of shame for that. A boy is more like his mother than what he has to be. So I'll just go ahead and get me that sweater. I'm cold and not about to say I'm not.


The purpose of this paper is to study on seismic reliability of watersupply pipes under non-stationary earthquake.Considering the ground motion as random process on time and space.Establishing the dynamic and mathematic formula of buried pipes under earthquake,the mathematic formula of pipes under non-stationary process,and the formula of pipes'seismic reliabilities to use the first overpass probability theory to give analysis about pipes'reliability.As a result we get the seismic reliable degree of U-PVC under different seismic intensities:under 7 seismic intensities,the result is 0.992;under 8 seismic intensities,the result is 0.978;under 9 seismic intensities,the result is 0.914.And we also find U-PVC pipes don't have much decrease with a higher seismic intensity.They have a higher reliable degree comparing to cast iron pipes.U-PVC pipes can protect web water supply function under earthquake.


The seventeen authors of this volume present an all-round picture of the person, the work, and the influence of the Russian medievalist Aron Gurevich who introduced innovative approaches to scholarship against all odds. Professor Janos Bak, Central European University


Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) has been proposed as an early first‐line support for infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. We hypothesised that infants <6 months with severe RSV would require shorter ventilator support on NCPAP than invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV).


Snakebite and the subsequent envenomation is a serious and potentially fatal illness, owing to the effects of the various toxins present in the venom. Cortical blindness following bites containing neurotoxin is a rare complication. We describe the clinical findings and imaging in a child who sustained significant brain injury following a bite from a Mozambican spitting cobra. We also discuss the venom composition, complications and appropriate management of such cases.


This study articulates a theory of media use that, with the proliferation and diversification of the mass media, conceptualizes news coverage as a commodity or product. From marketing to mass communication, we extend a conceptual framework of product purchase, articulating 4 determinants of attitude toward newspaper (AN), which, in turn, influences newspaper readership. Determinants of AN are news credibility, attitude toward diversity aspects of journalism, attitude toward financial aspects of journalism, and individual differences. The study, using a well-fitting structural equation model, demonstrates the role that each of these measures plays in predicting media use and, furthermore, validates the applicability of the marketplace theory of media use. The model was tested with data from a telephone survey of 803 adults in a large California urban center.


Stress is inevitable in the modern life for people to make a living, however, prolonged stress will negatively affect their lives. This study, investigating impacts of stress on 986 university lecturers at The University of Danang, Viet Nam, used the PSS stress test to measure stress among participants. The results showed that there were a wide range of stressors for university lecturers, such as work-related problems, personal advancement, family relationships, work pressure, wages, and problems with friends. Our analysis showed that there were 176 lectures (39,9%) having signs of stress, of which 63 (15.1%) suffered high stress. Female lecturers suffered greater stress than their male colleagues. Based on our interview with those lecturers, we found that a better work policy such as increasing wages and reducing working hours can help reduce work-related stress. The paper highlighted the effects of stress on university lecturers' performance as well as proposing solutions to reduce stress among university lecturers in Viet Nam.


Objective To determine the total content of ginsenoside Rg1 and Re in Shengmai Capsules by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy(NIR).Method Near-infrared spectra of different batch of Shenmai capsules were collected.Partial least square(PLS)was utilized to build the quantitative calibration model of Shengmai capsules with these spectra using HPLC as a reference method.And then predict the model with verification.Results The quantitative calibration model coefficients R2 was 0.971 67;RMSECV was 0.027 5.The predicting quantitative model was accurate and credible from the cross validation.Conclusion The method is simple and rapid.The NIR result can be used in the mobile lab for determination of Shengmai Capsules.


We have used the heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) as the device technology to perform the electronic functions in monolithically integrated photoreceivers. Our approach has been motivated by the fact that HBTs have already demonstrated high-speed performance, even with relaxed design rules, and by noise analysis, which suggests that bipolar transistor-based preamplifiers will have sensitivities favorable for optical communication systems. We will present our results of p-i-n photodetectors integrated with HBT-based preamplifiers realized in the InP/InGaAs material system. Sensitivity measurements at high bit rates confirm that the performance of these monolithic receivers is close to that of the best p-i-n hybrid receivers.


The emergence of SARS-COV2 from Wuhan at the end of December 2019 has spread to 200 countries is the leading cause of deaths. Belonging to be β-COV with single-strand RNA attacks the human respiratory system. The COVID-19 symptoms appear after incubation. The appearance of symptoms varies depending on the age and status of the immune system. Globally, current trials are on vaccines and focused on plasma therapy with the survivor's plasma. The image processing technologies has been implemented to find out the corona using chest X-ray image. The identification of the features co-ordinates will be undergone with machine learning sub domain an emerging technology. Logistic regression classification classifies the feature which are all been used there.


Metformin is widely used for treating women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and many patients with PCOS who are infertile receive gonadotrophins while being treated with metformin.


With more and more frequent exchanges between countries, English as an international language has received more attention, especially the concept of "global village" proposed in recent years, which has narrowed the distance between countries. As a communication tool, business English is often used in cross‐cultural communication, and this article aims to analyze the misuse of business English in cross‐cultural communication. This paper proposes a language error analysis system based on blockchain security technology, which is based on blockchain security technology, which can well guarantee the security in business communication. It also proposes an optimization strategy based on genetic algorithm, which greatly improves the effect and efficiency of the system. The experimental results show that the system can more accurately detect language errors in business English communication. In the 22 scenes surveyed, only 3 scenes have mistakes, and in the scenes of mistakes, the accuracy rate can reach more than 90%. This shows that the system can provide support for cross‐cultural communication in business English, and can accurately and efficiently complete business English language errors.


Neuropathic pain affects ~ 6.9–10% of the general population and leads to loss of function, anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance, and impaired cognition. Here, we report the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of a voltage‐dependent and use‐dependent sodium channel blocker, vixotrigine, currently under investigation for the treatment of neuropathic pain conditions. The randomized, placebo‐controlled, phase I clinical trials were split into single ascending dose (SAD) and multiple ascending dose (MAD) studies. Healthy volunteers received oral vixotrigine as either single doses followed by a ≥ 7‐day washout period for up to 5 dosing sessions (SAD, n = 30), or repeat doses (once or twice daily) for 14 and 28 days (MAD, n = 51). Adverse events (AEs), maximum observed vixotrigine plasma concentration (Cmax), area under the concentration‐time curve from predose to 24 hours postdose (AUC0–24), time to Cmax (Tmax), and terminal half‐life (t1/2), among others, were assessed. Drug‐related AEs were reported in 47% and 53% of volunteers in the SAD and MAD studies, respectively, with dizziness as the most commonly reported drug‐related AE. SAD results showed that Cmax and AUC increased with dose, Tmax was 1–2 hours, and t1/2 was ~ 11 hours. A twofold increase in accumulation was observed when vixotrigine was taken twice vs. once daily (MAD). Steady‐state was achieved from day 5 onward. These data indicate that oral vixotrigine is well‐tolerated when administered as single doses up to 825 mg and multiple doses up to 450 mg twice daily.


Cultural trends and popularity cycles can be observed all around us, yet our theories of social influence and identity expression do not explain what perpetuates these complex, often unpredictable social dynamics. We propose a theory of social identity expression based on the opposing, but not mutually exclusive, motives to conform and to be unique among one's neighbors in a social network. We then model the social dynamics that arise from these motives. We find that the dynamics typically enter random walks or stochastic limit cycles rather than converging to a static equilibrium. We also prove that without social network structure or, alternatively, without the uniqueness motive, reasonable adaptive dynamics would necessarily converge to equilibrium. Thus, we show that nuanced psychological assumptions (recognizing preferences for uniqueness along with conformity) and realistic social network structure are both necessary for explaining how complex, unpredictable cultural trends emerge.


In this paper, we compute soft domination number of the soft graph of some special graphs like Wheel graph, Helm graph. Also, we find some results on soft domination number for soft graphs obtained through graphical operations like Join of two graphs, Subdivision, Central, Middle and Total graph of a graph.


The purpose of the experiment was to determine the relative discriminability of 40 tactual patterns prepared by a special embossage technique. The method of paired comparisons was used, with 150 Ss, making 200 discrimination judgments each. Marked differences in discriminability were found, with each of at least 11 patterns discriminable enough from all others to be useful in the preparation of material such as maps for the blind.


The output of permanent magnet assisted synchronous machines is maximized under constant permanent magnet volume and machine size by optimizing rotor shape. An automatic shape optimization method combining Rosenbrock's method and adaptive finite element method is applied for the optimization. Then, a prototype machine is manufactured due to the result of the optimization in order to confirm the validity. It is clarified that the output of the optimized machine significantly increases without decrease in efficiency, increase in permanent magnet volume, and increase in machine size as compared with the conventional machine.


Marriage and family seen as a "community of life and love" encourage, from the perspective of today developing theology of communion, to multiple reflection, research and studies. This study treats of only few issues among many which require thorough reflection and analyzes. Issues related with theology of marriage communion and family are in particular referred to the mystery of the Trinity and the Church. The theme: "loneliness of man" in the context of such an event like marriage and family is one of the discussed issues. The whole study is closed by three specific issues which are a kind of tension posed by the contemporary world and with whom mankind must inevitably confront in the practice of human life. A man is created and made able to form relationships in the communion. These issues are: education in the field of emotions, human carnality and "narcissism of partners."


Abstract : The Chatanika incoherent-scatter radar (located near Fairbanks, Alaska, L = 5.6) has been used to study the ionospheric effects of impulsive auroral heating events. In some cases, the time-integrated auroral energy deposition is similar in magnitude to that expected from a high altitude nuclear event outside the fireball region. The resulting ionospheric effects are significant. The elevated temperatures and atmospheric heave contribute to a substantial change in F-region ion chemistry, changing the dominant F-region ion from atomic to molecular species. As a result, a significant depletion of the F-region electron density occurs. Currently, these effects are not accurately predicted by the nuclear codes, as the function of the codes is to predict the large-scale perturbations. The Chatanika radar data can be used to improve the ambient ionospheric models and to improve the predictions of F-region changes resulting from sudden heating events.


A clonal cell line, 1‐1ras1000, transformed by the activated c‐Ha‐ras oncogene, does not form metastases after i.v. injection into mice (experimental metastasis assay). Here, we show that this cell line is useful as a recipient to detect metastasis‐inducing genes, using a transfection assay. Cells (1‐1ras1000) were susceptible to metastasis induction by transfection with either v‐src or genomic DNA from a v‐src‐ and v‐fos‐transferred highly metastatic rat cell line (SR202). The susceptibility of 1‐1ras1000 cells for lung metastasis induction was suitable for a genomic transfection assay to detect a metastasis‐inducing gene in the transfected cells which had incorporated genomic DNA from donor metastatic tumor cells. When DNAs extracted from 7 human tumors were tested for metastasis induction, 2 DNAs from nonmalignant tumor (non‐tumorigenic tumors in athymic nude mice) (2/2) were negative and 4 DNAs from malignant tumors (4/5) were positive in 1‐1ras1000 cells for primary transfection. In one of the resulting metastases, the ability to metastasize was also transferred in the second and third cycles of genomic DNA transfection at high frequencies. All of the resulting metastases carried the human repetitive A/u sequence. Neither re‐arrangements of the endogenous c‐Haras nor changes of protein amounts were detected. Recipient 1‐1ras1000 cells had a negligible rate of spontaneously metastatic conversion during in vitro cultivation and transfection processes. The resulting metastasized cells were easily isolated from the lung after culturing in selection medium containing G418 (geneticin). Isolated cells stably retained the ability to form metastatic lung nodules when re‐injected into mice. Thus, 1‐1ras1000 cells appear to be a useful system for the isolation of metastasis‐inducing genes from human metastatic tumors. Int. J. Cancer, 71:88–93, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The invention discloses a method and device for transmitting consumption certificate number through audio signal to realize spot transaction. The device comprises a consumer client unit, a transaction service unit and a merchant client unit, wherein the merchant client unit is arranged on a management terminal, the transaction service unit is arranged in a transaction service system of a transaction service party, and the consumer client unit is arranged on a mobile phone held by a consumer. The mobile phone of the consumer is communicated with the transaction party through network and ensures the safety of a channel through an asymmetric encryption method when transmitting data. The merchant management terminal is connected with the transaction service through internet or mobile internet and ensures the safety of the channel through the asymmetric encryption method when transmitting the data. The mobile phone of the consumer transmits the audio signal through a speaker to transmit consumption certificate number to the merchant management terminal, wherein the frequency range of the audio signal is 16-22kHz so that the audio signal is hard to be found out by ears of persons, and the mobile phone, the speaker and a microphone of the merchant management terminal can process the audio signal.


A faulty phase selection method based on the high-order multi-resolution singular entropy of full-phase fault current is presented for the transmission lines,which is not affected by the fault type,fault location,transition resistance and system angular difference.The wavelet transform is applied to the fault current components to compute the high-order cumulants with the wavelet coefficients of different scales,which are used to form the state matrix.The singular values can be then obtained by applying singular value decomposition to it and their high-order multi-resolution information entropies are calculated,which are used to select the faulty phase by comparing them with the threshold set.The comparison of faulty phase selection results between the method based on the singular entropy of fault current component and that based on the high-order multi-resolution singular entropy of full-phase fault current show the later is better.


The effects of carbamazepine (CBZ) on cognitive function were evaluated by using measurements of auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) and P300 latencies in 23 patients, aged 7 to 16 years, with benign childhood epilepsy and centrotemporal spikes (BCECT), at the Department of Pediatrics, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan.


Through silicon via is the latest interconnect technology mainly targeted for 3-D integration. Though the technology is yet to be matured enough, but researchers from both academic and industries are putting their highest effort to make the best use of it. The different design parameter and structural geometry has a great effect on the performance of TSV. This paper is intended for modeling and optimization of different TSV geometry structure for higher performance based on 3D full wave simulation and circuit simulator. The TSV structures have been modeled and simulated using 3-D EM field simulator HFSS and circuit simulator ADS has been used to simulate the electrical circuit model of the structure. From the simulation result it is seen that the insertion loss varies minimum in cylindrical TSV. The simulation results also show that for same TSV parameters (height, diameter, and insulation gap) the cylindrical TSV performs better than that of other type of structure.


Community members are becoming more proactive in their health care decisions, and many individuals are seeking more information regarding the function and maintenance of various body systems, disease prevention, and lifestyle choices that can impact their personal health. In turn, many universities have mission statements and goals to create community connections and provide educational programs on various health related topics. To meet the needs of community and university members, educational outreach programs can be established. Several outreach programs regarding brain health and safety have been created for Oakland area school children in grades K‐12 and an educational brain event for families and community members. The K‐12 outreach programs are designed within the needs of the curriculum content and grade level of the students. Classroom teachers are consulted for topic requests and length (time) of program that fit into their lesson plans and schedules. Programs vary from 1 hour to several hours to a 4 week mini course and cover topics ranging from neuroanatomy to sensory systems to drug effects on the nervous system.


Plants produce various types of natural compounds, including polyphenols. These compounds are also found with methoxyl groups attached to the oxygenated carbon atoms. Nevertheless, the occurrence of methoxylated phenolics in two unrelated plants, Vitex and Pandanus species, could be considered unusual. From the literature review, most of the published phytochemicals from both plants include triterpenes and alkaloids. In this study, silica gel chromatographic separation of their leaves extracts yielded a quercetin pentamethyl ether 1 and a novel lignan, [4,8-bis(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3,7dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane, 2, from Vitex trifolia (family: Lamiaceae) and Pandanus pygmaues (family: Pandanaceae), respectively. The identification of both compounds is described from the results of the spectroscopic experiments. The chemosystematic analysis of these plants are however, would not be initiated by the discovery of these minor constituents. The Vitex's terpenoids and pandan alkaloids, which are the principal metabolites of these plants, are in the


Background and Objectives: Hospital admission delay is a main limiting factor for effective thrombolytic therapy in stroke patients. We developed a stroke code system for rapid request of emergency transportation to the hospital and a priority availability of the attending neurologist on the patient's arrival at the Emergency Department (ED). Methods: Over a 1-year period, a 24-hour telephone hotline between the attending neurologist and the Barcelona public emergency coordination service was established. Priority 1 (P1) was defi ned as a patient with symptoms suggestive of acute stroke with onset of less than 3 h, in which case immediate transportation service and rapid ED reception was organized. Data from patients in the P1 group (n = 39) and patients without activation of the stroke code (P0) (n = 181) were compared. Results: There were signifi cant differences between P1 and P0 groups in mean time from ED arrival to request for neurologic assessment (4.4 8 19.5 vs. 194.7 8 244.9 min, p ! 0.001), from arrival to neurologic examination (12.6 8 21.1 vs. 225.3 8 258.2 min, p ! 0.005), and Received: March 5, 2004 Accepted: August 2, 2004 Published online: December 17, 2004


Carbon-fibre reinforced polymers (CFRPs) are widely used for structural strengthening of prestressed concrete structures such as bridges. The VSL Carbostress prestressed CFRP system is based on the principle of non-bonded external prestressing and consists of CFRP tendons with concentrated force transfer at the plate ends. The system consists of the CFRP plate, two CFRP stressing heads, a steel dead-end anchorage and a steel live-end anchorage. Applications of the Carbostress system in bridge strengthening projects are described: the Xiaofeng Railway Bridge in China; Laendten Bridge in Biel, Switzerland; Sung San Bridge in Seoul, Korea; the Clinton and Hopkins Bridge in Ohio, USA; the Huetten Bridge near Lucerne, Switzerland; and the Escher Canal Bridge in Glarus, Switzerland.


Transparent ZnO–Bi2O3–B2O3 (ZBB) glasses were prepared using the melt quench technique. Various compositions of the glass containing stoichiometric ratios of Zn/Bi/B as well as some including As2O3 for redox control and LiNO3 for use as nucleation species, were studied. ZBB glass-ceramics containing nanocrystallites have a potential for use as low-cost UV-MWIR optical devices such as microlenses, waveguides, and photonic crystals. Our goal was to exploit crystal growth in the ZBB systems by heat treatment in order to obtain transparent glass-ceramics that contain homogenous volume crystallization. Thermal behavior was studied using differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) measurements. Physical and optical characterizations included Raman spectroscopy to identify molecular connectivity, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) for elemental analysis, VIS/NIR transmission and reflection spectroscopy for optical bandgap and IR transmissivity, X-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine crystal phase, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) combined with selected area electron diffraction (SAED) to quantify size, number density, and identification of nanometer sized secondary phases. Heat treatments were used to nucleate and grow BiB3O6 and Bi2ZnB2O7 nanocrystals in ZBB. We explored new compositions within the ZBB system and heat treatment techniques to assess the transformation of the amorphous glass phase into the crystalline phase. In-situ XRD and TEM imaging was employed to correlate nucleation temperature, heat treatment temperature, and heat treatment duration with induced crystal phase. BiB3O6, Bi2ZnB2O7, and ZnO was found to grow on the surface of some compositions. Compositions and heat treatment procedures were developed to facilitate volume crystallization and reduce unwanted surface crystallization.


A backlight and an LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) having the same are provided to fix a U-shape lamp to a lamp fixing member formed at a side support, thereby preventing the non-uniformity of brightness. A lamp fixing member(134) is installed at the front of a side support(130). A U-shaped lamp(140) is inserted into and fixed in the lamp fixing member. A reflection plate is installed at the lower portion of the U-shaped lamp. Penetration holes are formed at both sides of the side support so that a curved portion of the U-shaped lamp is inserted. A pad(136) is formed at the lower portion of the curved portion of the U-shaped lamp. The pad is made of silicon. The lamp fixing member is a semi cylinder, a triangle or square shape. The upper corner of the U-shaped lamp is chamfered. An optical sheet is equipped to the upper portion of the U-shaped lamp. The U-shaped lamp is a CCFL(Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp).


The nature of interaction between the surface of zinc oxide grains and adsorbed dye molecules has been examined by measuring the amount of adsorbed dyes, adsorption isotherm, heat of adsorption and visible reflection spectra of adsorbed dyes on zinc oxide grains. It has been found that the adsorption of xanthene dyes to zinc oxide grains is caused by the coulombic force and also by van der Waals' forces, and that the coulombic force arises from the localized electrostatic interaction between carbonyl groups of the adsorbed dye molecule and zinc ions at the surface of zinc oxide grains. It has been also found that dyes in the molecular state mainly take part in spectral sensitization of photoconductivity of zinc oxide grains. Then, the authors have examined the possibility that the small amount of dyes strongly affected by imperfections of zinc oxide grains have large influences on the electron or energy transfer from the optically excited dyes to zinc oxide grains, i.e., spectral sensitization, by use of the experimental method designed in the previous work. No evidence was obtained for the presence of the influence of imperfections of zinc oxide grains on spectral sensitization of their photoconductivity. Based on these results, the relation between adsorbability and sensitizing power of photosensitive dyes for zinc oxide grains has been examined, and the dye with the strong adsorbability has been found to show the strong sensitizing power . This result is thought to support the electron transfer mechanism for spectral sensitization of photoconductivity of zinc oxide grains .


We propose Multi Gate Oxide - Dual Work-Function (MGO-DWF)-MOSFET which is suitable for low power AB-class RF power amplifier (RF PA). This was examined for the first time by comparing with a standard Cascode connection circuitry composed of LV- and HVMOSFETs. Dramatically improved FMAX (150 GHz) with sufficient drain break-down voltage (VBD) was experimentally confirmed in a practical device structure. MGO-DWF-MOSFET has multiple roles in a unit device such as LV-MOSFET in source side regions and HV-MOSFET in drain side regions. This distinctive structure enables the reduction of the device area and a gate capacitance (CG) with a higher transconductance (GM) and the suppression of drain conductance (GDS). Enhancement of FMAX, in other words, DC operation current reduction is achieved at a given operation point. This indicates that MGO-DWF MOSFET is advantageous for low power amplifier circuitry applications, typically for RF PA in internet of things (IoT) products.


Prevention of infectious diseases is an important concern for managing public health. Although vaccines are the most effective means for preventing infectious diseases, the existence of a negative network externality often makes it difficult for vaccine coverage to reach a level that is socially optimal. In this research, we consider how a subsidy program can induce a socially optimal vaccine coverage. We consider an oligopoly market with identical vaccine producers and derive a subsidy that leads to a socially efficient level of coverage. We also derive a tax-subsidy combination that is revenue neutral, but achieves the same effect. Overall, our results provide useful insights for governments and policy makers with respect to an important issue related to public health.


In the China's cultural and idea initiation industries' tide,China's animation industry is flourishing.Furthermore,China is offered a great chance to promote our animation products to the international market in the economic globalization environment.However,there are also many problems,such as too many national animation industry bases in a homogenized condition,lack of talent and personnel training system,inaccurate audience orientation,break-down export industries chains,and lack of export leading enterprises.To solve these problems,the government,enterprises,and industry associations should work together to establish animation export management system,develop the outsourcing of export animation products,and accelerate industrial upgrading,with a view to achieving"going out"strategy for China's animation products.


Cancer is always a frightening diagnosis, and when it affects children, the situation is over-whelming. Eye cancer in children, though rare, is the third-leading cancer of childhood. Retinoblastoma can be a particularly distressing form of cancer as it is potentially fatal and can result in loss of one or both eyes. Providing the patient with a cosmetically pleasing, custom scleral prosthesis is a palliative approach for the rehabilitation of a pediatric patient with retinoblastoma. Custom scleral prosthesis not only fulfills the esthetic and psychological demands but also stimulates bony orbital growth, thereby reaping long-term benefits of restoring facial symmetry and esthetics.


The successful acceleration of an unpolarized Helium-3 beam by the AGS at BNL heralds the possibility of achieving polarized He-3 ions at RHIC. Assessing the level of polarization will be a challenge at high energy as the inelastic channels associated with He-3 scattering off a carbon target in the electromagnetic hadronic interference region may dilute expectations by comparison with the successful use of this method for proton polarimetry. The large anomalous magnetic moment of He-3 is helpful however, though the greater hadronic elastic cross section reduces the optimal analyzing power. Encouragement may be drawn from measurements indicating little high energy hadronic spin dependence.


Over the past decade, remittances to Tunisia have increased significantly. Meantime, the Tunisian economy has grown by as little as 0.6 percent on average with inflation averaging six percent. With the harmful economic and social consequences of the COVID-19 crisis as well as the political unrest (especially after Tunisian President Kais Saied invoked Article 80 of the country's 2014 constitution to suspend parliament amid nationwide protests calling for the resignation of the government and the dissolution of the parliament), managing inflation risks seems growingly challenging. Our study is the first attempt to examine the relationship between remittances and Tunisia's inflation dynamics in the central and tail distributions over different correlation regimes. Particularly, we use a copula-based approach that sheds a new light on the dynamic dependence between inflation and remittances. This technique allows to control for possible asymmetries in the form of a high or crisis dependence and a low or a normal state dependence. Our results robustly reveal that remittances are prominent factor determining inflation in Tunisia. More interestingly, we show that remittances and inflation are more strongly correlated during high uncertainty conditions rather than low uncertainty regime. Such accurate insights on the dynamic relationship between remittances and inflation would allow the central bank to anticipate more effectively the evolution of inflation and to propose more appropriate instruments to control it in a context of high inflationary pressures and heightened political uncertainty.


The most established route to create a laser-based neutron source is by employing laser accelerated, low atomic number ions in fusion reactions. In addition to benefiting from the high reaction cross-sections at moderate energies of the projectile ions, the anisotropy in the neutron emission is another important feature of beam-fusion reactions. Using a simple numerical model based on neutron generation in a pitcher-catcher scenario, anisotropy in the neutron emission was studied for the deuterium-deuterium fusion reaction. Simulation results are consistent with the narrow-divergence ( ∼ 70 ◦ full width at half maximum) neutron beam recently obtained from an experiment employing multi-MeV deuteron beams of narrow divergence (upto 30 ◦ FWHM depending on the ion energy) accelerated by a sub-petawatt laser pulse from thin deuterated plastic foils via the Target Normal Sheath Acceleration mechanism. By varying the input ion beam parameters, simulations show that a further improvement in the neutron beam directionality (i.e. reduction in the beam divergence) can be obtained by increasing the projectile ion beam temperature and cut-o ff energy, as expected from the interactions with higher power lasers at upcoming facilities.


This guide is an overview of services the CSUDH library offers, and tips for conducting research. Find physical Books and electronic "eBooks" that you can view on the web, or download all or a portion of the book.


Through the various experiences described by a group of teachers involved in an innovative project about science teaching, this paper aims to show how some students, 6- 13 year olds, when given the opportunity to live and operate in a particularly stimulating and significant learning environment, are able to gain knowledge via constructive processes. While social constructivism provides reference guidelines in educational-teaching practices, concept maps are a tool used to promote, organize and synthesize acquired knowledge, while meditating on thinking operations. Teaching action is situated in significant operative contexts, in which students are driven to ask questions, make hypotheses, analyze facts, make connections, verify ideas, and create concepts. A science laboratory is a cognitive space where answers can be found to multiple questions and issues derived from observation of scientific phenomena. Teachers are aware that knowledge is not transmitted, it is built by students. Knowledge building is not a lonely, individual operation, it is a process created by sharing experiences and discovering meanings together with peers and teachers. Concept maps accompany all stages of knowledge building and are an effective teaching instrument to strengthen cognitive and metacognitive strategies, helping students to build a structured, significant knowledge network.


SUMMARY

In two experiments, on Julia and Zephyr spring barley, evidence was obtained that the development of powdery mildew in sprayed plots depended very much on their proximity to unsprayed crop. The effective period of control achieved with one spray was greater where plots were well separated from unsprayed crop than where they were surrounded by or very close to unsprayed crop. There is probably a risk that small plot experiments may not only underestimate the potential effectiveness of fungicides in agricultural practice, but also give misleading information on optimal spray timing.


This paper reviews the evolution of computer systems based on the so-called "intelligent" technologies now being applied in different application areas throughout the mining, minerals, and materials industries. These systems have emerged from the field of "Artificial Intelligence" in which expert systems, fuzzy logic, artificial neural networks, genetic algorithms, and agent-based software have dominated. The Mining industry has been particularly receptive to these methods since so many of our operations and processes are understood and controlled in empirical ways that lend themselves well to the use of intelligent technologies. In addition there are few industries with the myriad of heuristics evident in mining; for example: Nature does not make uniform orebodies nor ones that can be modeled simply; Unit operations tend to be batch or semi-continuous which are more difficult to


Red-Coloured Abietanoids from Leaf-Glands of Plectranthus strigosus BENTH.

Chromatographic examination of the red-coloured diterpenoids from the South-African title plant yielded the following compounds: parviflorone A(1), parviflorone B (2), parviflorone C(3), parviflorone E (4) parviflorone D (5), parviflorone F (6), parviflorone G (7), and parviflorone H (8). Compounds 7 and 8 represent new variants of these quinone methides.


Aging is associated with alterations in β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) signaling and reduction in cardiovascular responses to β-AR stimulation. Because exercise can attenuate age-related impairment i...


Pakistan has been blessed with rich tourism potential because of its rich history, culture, biological and geographical diversity. Travelers have for quite some time been attracted to Pakistan to encounter a nation that flaunts rugged natural beauty, cultural richness, and unparalleled hospitality. Pakistan has various tourist destinations in the northern areas of Pakistan. Kumrat Valley has become a tourist hotspot in recent times after the prime minister of Pakistan, Mr. Imran Khan, visited the valley. To reduce the negative effects on these tourist destinations due to the accelerating increase in tourists, the present study used a quantitative approach to uncover whether there is an environmental awareness–behavior gap among the tourists, with their level of environmental awareness outweighing pro-environmental behavior. Using a sample of 426 tourists who have visited the valley, the analysis of the results indicates that the pro-environmental behavior is positively and significantly affected by the components, environmental awareness, environmental concern, and environmental attachment. Environmental attachment is added as a moderator between environmental awareness and pro-environmental behavior. This study suggests that environmental awareness must be promoted among tourists to ensure that they exhibit pro-environmental behavior.


The change of scavenging activity on hydroxyl free radical of antioxidant peptide from Corbicula fluminea was the index to study the effect of temperature,p H,food ingredients,preservatives and different metal ions on antioxidation stability of the peptide. The results showed that antioxidant peptide from Corbicula fluminea had strong heat-resistance,heated to 100℃ still maintained more than 95% active. It maintained high activity in acidity environment,but losed its activity in alkaline environment. Surcrose and Na Cl had little effects on its antioxidation stability,but glucose and potassium sorbate lowered the oxidation stability of antioxidant peptide from Corbicula fluminea(p0.05). Metal ions such as K+,Mg2+,Ca2+,Zn2+,Cu2+affected the stability,and the order was Cu2+Zn2+Ca2+K+Mg2+.


We have carefully analyzed the causes of recurrence in our 1,211 hernioplasties performed over a 22-year period. In addition to recording our overall recurrence rate, we have divided the hernias into four categories based upon the pathologic anatomy and then studied the causes of recurrence for each group. We have suggested a formula for the uniform reporting of more short-term follow-up studies so that more meaningful data will be available to surgeons in the future. Our overall recurrence rate is now 3.5%, but projects to 4.2% at the end of 25 years.


Two-dimensional film growth models were introduced by Henderson et al.1 and Dirks and Leamy.2 These early models displayed several effects commonly observed in conventionally deposited thin films: columnar microstructure and the tangent rule relating the angle of columnar growth to the angle of vapor incidence. A model of this general type has been under development at the Optical Sciences Center for several years. The model incorporates mobility parameters for the condensing molecules, oblique angles of vapor incidence, substrate rotation effects, evaporant molecules of varying sizes, and various substrate defects. Recently the scale of the simulation has been expanded to realistic dimensions, of the order of an optical wavelength, which permits the inclusion of substrate variation effects up to this scale. The film growth model propagates substrate defects through a multilayer coating. Assuming a perfectly flat substrate surface, the dominant feature is an intrinsic film roughness. If a departure from perfection of the substrate surface is assumed, in a range of conditions diminution of the defect amplitude is observed as the defect propagates through the multilayer.


Inverted-staggered hydrogenated amorphous-silicon thin-film transistors (a-Si:H TFTs) were deposited in a glow discharge with an excitation frequency of 60 MHz. At 13.56 MHz it has been reported that the field-effect mobility of this type of TFT decreases with increasing deposition rate of the a-Si:H layer, due to an increase in the defect density in the channel. A successful way of increasing the deposition rate without deteriorating the material properties has turned out to be utilizing a higher excitation frequency than the conventional 13.56 MHz. The deposition rate of the 60-MHz-deposited transistor channel was changed from 350 to 1300 A/min by diluting the process gas silane with hydrogen and by changing the rf power. The dependence of the a-Si:H material properties on deposition parameters is described. The deposition rate dependence of the mobility in the 60-MHz deposited thin films and devices is presented and discussed in terms of hydrogen dilution in the plasma and the hydrogen content of the a-Si:H films.


Abstract Abstract The presence of the elements with variable valence in cationic composition of high-stability solid solutions and piezoelectric ceramic materials results, in some cases, in increased conductivity. A systematic study of the effects of cationic composition and gaseous exchange conditions on the conductivity of piezoelectric ceramics was conducted. It was shown that conductivity increases with the increase of Mn content in the composition, also, it increases with increasing batch size during calcination because of difficulty in oxygen diffusion in the first case and decreased density in the second one. The polarization conditions for piezoelectric ceramics with increased conductivity were optimized.


Although patent data has been utilized in previous studies, none focus explicitly on the real difference between advanced and developing countries in the area of technological capabilities. We propose that patent data can capture three dimensions of technological capability. First, the simple number of patents can be a measure of technological capability. Second, the number of the sectors of patent registration can also represent technological capabilities. Third, the number of citations can be another measure of technological capabilities. In general, the growth of technological capability simultaneously involves changes in all three of these dimensions. Utilizing patent data extensively, we find a significant difference between advanced and developing countries in terms of technological capabilities as measured by 1) the size as measured by the number of patents, 2) the scope/diversity as measured by the number of the sectors , and 3) the quality of their innovations as measured by the number of citations. And extending this framework, the course of technological catch-up in the technological area can be depicted by the above three measures.


Background: Adverse drug reactions are major problem in health care system due to its consequences - morbidity, mortality and health care cost. Recent epidemiologic research reveals that the total incidence rate of ADRs was 6.7%, with an overall fatality rate of 0.32%.
Method: A prospective observational study was carried out for 6 months in a tertiary care hospital. Patients admitted to the department of medicine, Pediatrics, orthopedics & surgery were selected randomly and followed from date of admission to date of discharge by enrolling into the study by considering the study criteria.
Results: During the research about 27 ADRs were recognized & reported. Among them 14 (51.86%) patients were male and 13(48.14%) were female patients. The system or organ most commonly involved was Blood disorders were 8 (29.62%). Type A were 16(57.25%) reactions followed by Type B were 8 (29.62%); Type C were 3 (11.11%). Study depicts drug class usually implicated with ADRs was Antibiotics and antineoplastic drugs were 6 (22.22%) followed by Anti-Tubercular were 3 (11.11%); NSAIDS and Antidiabetic drugs were 2 (7.4%); The least implicated (3.7%) drug class are Anti-Pyretic, Diuretics and Antiretroviral. Causality was assessed for all the reported reactions are found to be PROBABLE according to WHO-UMC Scale.
Conclusion: The study report shows that incidence of ADRs is steadily increasing. Under reporting of ADR is a major problem in India. Clinical Pharmacist plays a vital role in surveillance and prevention of ADRs.

Keywords: Adverse Drug Reactions, Pharmacovigilance, Causality.


Indro Montanelli's portrait of John Home Burns is a noteworthy commentary on Italo-American literary and sociocultural relations. At the same time, the portrait holds interest for biographers and critics of Burns, author of the best-selling World War II "novel" The Gallery (1947), because it dramatizes his behavior and philosophies during a special, brief encounter in Milan.


In this work, we propose a new transport mechanism for metal ions relevant for used nuclear fuel separation processes by a supported liquid membrane (SLM). Two SLM extraction systems were investigated where the membrane was impregnated with either di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (HDEHP) or tributyl phosphate (TBP). A HDEHP impregnated membrane was used to extract neodymium (III), representative of a typical trivalent lanthanide. Cerium, which was oxidized by sodium bismuthate from trivalent to tetravalent state, was extracted by TBP. Oxidized cerium was used as a surrogate for oxidized americium to investigate the kinetics and possibility of americium and curium separation by membrane extraction. Both extraction systems were operated at varying nitric acid concentrations, and changes in the kinetics and extraction efficiency of metal ions were investigated. The proposed transport mechanism that was chosen for our studies was modified from the previous works by Danesi et al.[1,2] and Cussler et al.[3] The mechanism was selected due to the ability to accommodate and describe transport phenomena across a SLM when formation of extractant nano-channels in the membrane may exist. We were able to obtain acceptable fit of the models to our overall data trends although chemical and physical conditions must be well established and purity and homogeneity of the membrane are critical. A reverse transport of metal ions was observed when leaving the system for longer times which agrees with our model. The membrane was investigated for degradation and shown to be stable after contact with up to 7 M nitric acid for over 2000 minutes. Finally, we examined the possibility of partitioning americium from curium using a SLM impregnated by TBP. Separation of americium from curium was observed although not to a degree that was expected based on the Ce(IV) transport. Incomplete oxidation of Am(III) to Am(V) and reduction of Am(VI) on the membrane surface are possible causes for this observed discrepancy. Our model was, however, able to accurately predict Cm(III) transport through the membrane.


This paper presents an estimation of the number of reliability or so called L-values which are needed for correction of long soft input decryption blocks. Soft input decryption is a novel method which uses L-values (soft output) of a SISO channel decoder for the correction of input of soft input decryption (SID blocks) which have been modified during the transmission over a noisy channel. The method is based on the combination of cryptography and channel coding improving characteristics of both of them. The number of L-values is estimated for different lengths of SID blocks as well as for different Eb/N0 ratios.


Structural modifications imposed on the Apalachi-cola River for navigation, their environmental impacts and government actions to address these impacts are reviewed. Past structural modifications have had signi-ficant impacts. Efforts to refocus the issue from a con-flict between navigation and environmental interests to basin-wide management of water resources in the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) basin is occurring because of an effort to reallocate water to Atlanta.


The seismic hazard of Australia is one of the most difficult on the globe to characterise, due to intraplate tectonics with faults capable of producing Mw7.0 earthquakes in the vicinity of several major Australian cities like Adelaide or Perth, yet a recorded history of less than 250 years. The lack of long-term historical earthquake data makes it extremely difficult to sufficiently quantify return periods of large events in most locations. Although the majority of sources in Australia represent low to moderate seismicity characteristics, they are still capable of causing major damage in many Australian communities. Recent studies of the tectonic faulting mechanisms of Australia and new developments in handling uncertainties of low seismicity regions are used to develop detailed probabilistic hazard maps for Australia's major capital cities. In addition, characteristic earthquake scenarios are developed for various return periods for these locations. The assessment of uncertainties within the intraplate setup of Australia and the short earthquake record is taken into account when calculating the strong seismicity return periods. This study provides a detailed insight into the probabilistic and deterministic seismic hazard of Australia and its major cities for various time periods, especially for the consideration of risk modelling.


This paper proposes a real-time person independent facial expression recognition in two folds. One is using the stereo active appearance model (STAAM) fitting algorithm that uses a geometric relationship between two tightly coupled views to increases the accuracy and speed of fitting. Also, a layered generalized discriminant analysis (GDA) classifier combines 3D shape and appearance to improve the recognition performance of person independent facial expressions. Experimental results show that the STAAM have a better fitting stability than the multi-view AAM (MVAAM), and the combination of the shape and appearance features using a layered GDA classifier improves the recognition performance official expressions greatly


: To elucidate the factors causing the appearance of deformed fruits in a cultivar 'Kosui' Summary of Japanese pear var. , the effect of greenhouse temperature on the formation ( ) Pyrus pyrifolia culta of deformed fruits was analyzed. Typical types of deformed fruits that appear in the greenhouse culture of Japanese pear were 'common pear type fruits' and 'calyx-bearing ( ) Pyrus communis fruits'. High daytime temperatures in the period from the start of flowering to 30 days after full bloom caused an increase in the formation of deformed fruits. In particular, high temperatures from the start of flowering to 10 days after full bloom had a strong effect. It was also concluded that the slight constriction of the shoulder in the common pear type fruit was not due to smaller sizes of flesh cells but was due to smaller number of flesh cells in the region. In the greenhouse culture, the surface temperature of flowers tended to be higher than the room temperature during daytime.


How can community informatics initiatives be sustained? This paper argues that, in the fast moving area of ICT and on the constantly shifting ground of community-sector practice, sustainability depends upon adaptability. We develop the concept of 'learning communities' – as developed by a women's ICT project – to meet the need for democratic, inclusive and on-going innovation in women's organizations and the wider community/voluntary sector. Reflecting on the Women Connect project, we conceptualize 'learning communities' as dialogic and 'playful' spaces within which members can draw creatively on their differences while constructing shared knowledge. This approach, it is argued, can lead towards a new way of conceptualizing knowledge, new approaches to learning, and new practice for community-based and women's organizations in relation to the use of ICT. The paper starts by describing the Women Connect project, and then introduces the idea of learning 'in community'. We analyse issues relating to the use of the term 'community' in relevant discourses, arguing for an approach which emphasizes agency in our use of this term – the 'doing' of community within a context of shared projects, obligations and goals. Weaddress some difficulties involved in working across social differences, while arguing that these differences – which may make the practice of community uncomfortable – can also facilitate their emergence in the new form of 'learning communities'. Drawing on Gloria Anzaldúa's concept of 'the Borderlands', Nira Yuval-Davis's concept of 'transversal politics' and Maria Lugone'sconcept of 'world-travelling', we analyse community-sector processes of innovation and change agency, as they have found expression within Women Connect. We conclude by arguing that the current, outcome-driven, model for funding voluntary sector organizations acts to actively inhibit the development of learning communities – and the sustainable innovatory practice they can produce.


Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has been a great threat to facilities providing inpatient care to chronically/terminally ill patients or elderly people. This unprecedented situation has called for radical and previously untried solutions including restrictions or a complete ban on visiting inpatients, reductions in the number of staff, and measures to improve the sanitary regime. These far-reaching actions have had a direct impact on all actors involved in the system of social welfare facilities: employees, patients, and their families. Aim of the study: The analysis of the key needs of patients and their families and the potential differences in their hierarchy in the new situation. Material and methods: A qualitative pilot study was conducted in a Polish inpatient hospice to identify the consequences of the changes outlined above and to help with the development of solutions adjusted to the current situation. The study, based on questionnaires containing open-ended questions, was conducted among patients and their families. The questionnaires were analysed using a medical-anthropological approach. Results: The analysis provides a basis for identifying the key needs of both groups under study and highlighting the differences between them. The basic need of the patients were shown to be physical closeness. For families, it was a need to care for their relatives. Conclusions: The differences in needs influenced the preferred forms of communication. Based on the results of the questionnaires, COVID-19 was also observed to play different roles and vary in importance among patients and their families. The findings of the pilot study are not exhaustive, and further in-depth research is required to explore this area of interest.


Since the year 1989 the city of Brno went through substantial
economic and social changes with serious impacts to the
structure of city based industry. The city economy is lacking
the propulsive segment or the major firm with strong
multiplicand effects. Deindustrialization shapes the city
economic policy as well as the spatial pattern of the city.


The diagnosis and prognosis of aeronautical-bearing health conditions are essential to proactively ensuring efficient power transmission, safety, and reduced downtime. The rarity of failures in such safety-critical systems drives this process towards data-driven analytics of fault injection and aging experiments, rather than complex physics-based modeling. Nonetheless, data-based condition monitoring is very challenging due to data complexity, unavailability, and drift resulting from distortions generated by harsh operating conditions, scarcity of failure patterns, and rapid data change, respectively. Accordingly, the objective of this work is three-fold. First, to reduce data complexity and improve feature space representation, a robust data engineering scheme, including feature extraction, denoising, outlier removal, filtering, smoothing, scaling, and balancing, is introduced in this work. Second, collaborative selection-based incremental deep transfer learning (CSIDTL) is introduced to overcome the problem of the lack of patterns, incrementing the number of source domains in different training rounds. Third, long short-term memory (LSTM) adaptive learning rules are fully taken into account to combat further data complexity and data change problems. The well-structured methodology is applied on a huge dataset of aeronautical bearings dedicated to both diagnostic and prognosis studies, which perfectly addresses the above challenges in a form of a classification problem with 13 different conditions, 7 operating modes, and 3 stages of damage severity. Conducting CSIDTL following a three-fold cross-validation process allows us to improve classification performance by about 12.15% and 10.87% compared with state-of-the-art methods, reaching classification accuracy rates of 93.63% and 95.65% in diagnosis and prognosis, respectively.


The pathogenicity of Acremonium cucurbitacearum to 31 cucurbits, 18 crop plant species, and 15 weed species was evaluated under greenhouse conditions. This study demonstrates that many other cucurbits in addition to muskmelon and watermelon can potentially serve as hosts of A. cucurbitacearum. Using a disease severity index (DSI), all muskmelon and watermelon cultivars were ranked as susceptible or highly susceptible, with the exception of honeydew cultivar TAM Dew Improved, which ranked resistant in one study. Highly resistant cucurbits included Cucurbita maxima (autumn squash), Luffa acutangula, L. aegyptiaca (sponge gourd) and Benincasa hispida (ash gourd). Cyclanthera pedata and Cucumis miriocarpus were rated as resistant. The percentage recovery of A. cucurbitacearum ranged from 8% to 100% and tended to be higher in plants with a higher DSI. Other crops and weed species common to muskmelon production fields are not likely to be involved in the perpetuation or propagation of the fungus.


The Mediterranean Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) screener, a 16‐item tool, has been developed to assess accordance to a Mediterranean‐style food pattern for Americans. Using a cross‐sectional design, construct validity of the MIND screener was measured against a 150‐item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Thirty‐four women attending the Rush Heart Center for Women at Rush University Medical Center completed the validated Vioscreen FFQ electronically, and afterwards were administered the screener by phone or electronically. FFQ food and nutrient intakes were estimated with Nutrition Data Systems for Research (NDSR) Version 44 software. The maximum score for the screener is 16, with higher scores reflecting better diet accordance. Women were 61 (51, 66), median (IQR) years of age with BMIs of 28.2 (25.6, 34.6) kg/m2 and had MIND scores that range from 1 to 12, 7.5 (5.0, 9.0). Intakes of selected foods and nutrients between MIND accordant and non‐accordant women were as follows:


The effect of confinement on electron and ion transport in oxide films is of interest both fundamentally and technologically for the design of next-generation electronic devices. In metal oxides with mobile ions and vacancies, it is the interplay of the different modes of charge transport and the corresponding current-voltage signatures that is of interest. We developed a patterned structure in titania films, with feature sizes of 11-20 nm, that allow us to explore confined transport. We describe how confinement changes the competing charge transport mechanisms, the patterned antidot array leads to displacement fields and confines the charge density that results in modified and emergent electron transport with an increase in conductivity. This emergent behavior can be described by considering electron interference effects. Characterization of the charge transport with electron holography and impedance spectroscopy, and through comparison with modeling, show that nanoscale confinement is a way to control quantum interference.


This paper deals with obtaining the real characteristics of the emotional state of human-operator without interference in ergonomic conditions of operator activity. Research is carried out within the concepts of International Civil Aviation Organization, introduction of Communication, Navigation and Surveillance / Air Traffic Management: automation focused on the person; situational awareness; control of the errors.


Along with proliferation of fanciers,network-games arouse more and more attentions from advertisers as a sort of marketing medium.The built in-game-advertisings may realize through the map,the stage prop clothing,the game song hypothesis and so on without changing any of the original procedure,and provide a new way of profit for the game makers.


ABSTRACT
 The blue-green sharpshooter Cicadella viridis (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is a significant pest and disease vector of some economically important plants in some parts of its range in the Palearctic and Oriental regions. Its alimentary canal was examined using the light and electron microscopes. The alimentary canal was differentiated into the esophagus, filter chamber, external midgut section, and hindgut. The filter chamber contained a sheath and a filter organ; the former externally surrounding the latter. The filter organ was composed of the anterior and posterior ends of the midgut (internal midgut section), internal proximal ends of the Malpighian tubules, and internal proximal end of the ileum. Two types of cells constituting the internal anterior end of the midgut possessed morphologically different basal infoldings and apical microvilli. Cells of the internal posterior end of the midgut contained concentric structures tentatively identified as modified basal plasma membranes, whereas plasma membranes of the internal proximal ends of Malpighian tubules invaginated into narrow sinuate basal infoldings, though both organs had similar reduced cytoplasm. The external midgut section was divided into a conical segment and a midgut loop. The conical segment cells, which were packed with mitochondria, possessed regularly arranged dense microvilli and shallow infoldings. The midgut loop was subdivided into two regions: 1) an anterior segment, with cells containing abundant electron-lucent secretory granules, ribosome-like particles, and sparse rough endoplasmic reticulum; and 2) a posterior segment, having numerous mitochondria, some lysosome-like granules, well-developed basal infoldings, and apical microvilli. The hindgut emerged from the posterior of the filter chamber and was composed of a pear-shaped rectum and a long narrow ileum. Its cells possessed apical leaflets associated with mitochondria. Microorganisms existing between lamina of the extracellular matrix, in a clearing of ileum cytoplasm and muscle fibers, are probably pathogenic.


The invention relates to a dialogue system (23), by means of which a machining process carried out on a machine tool (1) can be examined in order to determine a proposal for improving at least one quality feature of a subsequent machining process, comprising input means (7) by means of which an operator can predetermine the quality feature to be improved, and further comprising a proposal module (25), which by accessing stored expert knowledge can determine at least one proposal for improving the quality feature. The proposal module (24) is designed to determine a proposal by reading data determined by a machine tool sensor system (1a,...1n) and/or image data from a machined workpiece (40) together with associated material and machining data (P1,..., P5). The invention further relates to a method for examining a machining process with the aid of such a dialogue system (23).


A low-cost and highly flexible patch antenna has been realized to demonstrate feasibility of commercially off-the-shelf (COTS) Silicone Sponge Rubber (SSR) as a flexible RF substrate. The material enables the fabrication of highly flexible conformal antennas. The target application of the antenna is in the field of Internet of Things (IoT) when an antenna for conformal surface is required. Simulation and measurements results are presented for several conformal surfaces.


The issue of women inequality in Nigeria in particular and Africa In general has been debated since the introduction of western formal education during the colonial period. Starting from the late 1950s and early 1960s, when many African countries acquired their political independence, this debate has taken a new dimension in local as well as international for a. what is really the place of women's class and gender status in international organizations. The women as a group are the mothers and life-blood of the entire humanity, both in the past, Present and future. Women are the molders of characters to the new born babies, the first teacher, sustainers and maintainers of every household. This paper is an attempt to state the place of women in international organization arising from the following areas. The emergence of women I international organization, framework for the analysis, historical precursor, women's major role of place in international organization and women's organizations: types and methods. The activities of women in international organization started first as movements (such as feminism) and later, metamorphosed into organizations with clear-cut structures and objectives. This paper explores the role of women in international organization from a historiographic perspective. The problems imposed by the fact of analyzing women's role in international organizations would lead us into a clarification of the auspice under which the issue is to be tackled. This necessitates a provision of an analytical frame work for the paper next will be historical antecedents to the role of women in international organizations. This gives way to the proper outline of the role of women in international organization. The last lap will be the summing up of the paper, in which the problems of women's role in international organizations shall be considered while making some policy suggestion based on the fact of the case


Objective To study the clinico-epidemiological features of the upper gastrointestinal bleeding caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.Methods 366 cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding from Jan.2002 to Jan.2009 in The Sun Yat-sen Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were investigated.Patients were divided into treated group(103 cases)and untreated group(263 cases)according to whether they had had NSAIDs in one week before admission.And the clinical data of the two groups of patients were analyzed.Results The treated group was older than the untreated group.Hemoglobin was significantly decreased in the treated group(P0.01).There were more gastric ulcer,complex ulcer and multiple ulcers in the treated group.The rate of Helicobacter Pylori(HP)Infection in treated group was obviously different from that in untreated group,which was 65.05%and 26.24%(P0.05).Conclusion The clinical characteristics of the upper gastrointestinal bleeding caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be emphasized and we should reduce the adverse reactions to NSAIDs.


An LC oscillator-based reference oversampling PLL (OSPLL) is proposed in this work. An LC digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) with proportional path gain profile control and DCO tuning pulse timing control scheme is proposed for optimal phase noise. Designed in 28-nm CMOS process, the proposed PLL achieves 67.1-fs RMS-jitter with 5.2-mW power consumption, which translates to −256-dB FoM. The in-band phase noise of the PLL is −130 dBc/Hz at 4-GHz output frequency. The reference spur of the proposed PLL is −78 dBc.


Banking in several developing countries has transcended from a traditional brick-and mortar model of customers queuing for services in the banks to modern day banking where banks can be reached at any point for their services. This can be attributed to the tremendous growth in mobile penetration in many countries across the globe including developing countries. This study investigates the effect of branchless banking services on the saving practices in informal settlement of Kenya. The study is motivated by the social economic trend in Kenya's population which has been varying consistently depending on the employment rate and the income levels. The study concentrates on the following independent variables i.e. trust and security, transaction costs, perceived convenience and Financial Literacy and how they have influenced the saving practices in informal settlements of Kenya. The analysis is built on a regression model where the relation between savings and a set of fundamental independent variables are investigated to examine the relationship between these two aspects. Primary data was collected using semistructured questionnaires whereas Secondary data was obtained from written sources such as published and unpublished materials, reports, scholarly journals and periodicals, working papers, and records. A pilot study was done on the area of study in order to measure the validity and reliability of the data collection instrument. The study uses SPSS to model the relationship between the various selected variables and test their explanatory power on changes in savings practices. The study revealed that trust and security is an important element to low income earners and that they would only engage in services or even purchase of products that were most secure and those that possessed low level of risks. Expensive services also have been identified by this study as another factor that would greatly determine whether the subjects of this study would undertake the aforementioned mobile banking platforms or not. The study also established that convenience and financial literacy were not significant variables in determining whether informal settlement dwellers would prefer to use mobile banking services or not. Low effort expectancy can be said to be a benefit factor in the adoption of new technology and thus an important factor in explaining the usage of mobile banking.


The paper under consideration is devoted to the problem of evaluating a mining production negative effect on the atmosphere air. The assessment of the ecological risk has been made in the context of four working areas of a mining production with regard to statistical data resulting from a production activities control. The index of the atmosphere pollution is determined with regard to investigation materials obtained as a result of production control and standard projects of marginal release. Pollution zones of production areas with the dust of rocks extracted have been patterned and an ecological and economic damage caused by mineral extracting activities of works and typical for ecostresses has been calculated, the latter being promotive of a considerable atmosphere loading. Direct and indirect effects of the above-mentioned production on the elements of the environment are assessed.


Sugarcane(Saccharum spp.)germplasm introduced from U.S.A.was an important type of parental materials and played a key role in Chinese sugaracane breeding program.In this study,genetic diversity of 48 accessions including 36 from China and 12 from U.S.A.was assessed by SSR markers.In 18 loci,a total of 257 alleles were detected with an average of 16.8.For most loci,there was no obvious difference in the allele numbers between the Chinese and American accessions.Difference was only found at several loci such as SSCIR36,SSCIR43,SSCIR32.Jaccard's similarity coefficient among the accessions was ranged from 0.3913 to 0.742 6 and that among the accessions from the same country was higher than that among the accessions between the two countries.Clustering based on Jaccard's coefficient using UPGMA showed the total 48 accessions could be clustered into three groups.Thirty-four Chinese accessions and four America accessions were clustered into a group.Eight American accessions were clustered into the second group and two accessions from crosses of "Yuenan niuzhe"(Saccharum officinarum L.)and Saccharum spontaneaum L.into the third group.The clustering analysis showed there were significant differences in the genetic base of the accessions from the two countries.It would be helpful to improve the genetic diversity of sugarcane varieties by using more American accessions in Chinese breeding program.It was also shown that there was considerable genetic difference between the offsprings from "Yuenan niuzhe" Saccharum officinarum L.)and other cultivars.It is recommended to use more germplasm of Saccharum officinarum L.in future breeding program.


The Malacca river runs through the Malacca UNESCO heritage site where a number of historical buildings are located. The river itself runs through several industrial sites that increase the chances of the water being polluted. Water pollution including heavy metals, in the long run, can damage the reputation of the site. Hence monitoring of the water quality needs to be done periodically. As the cost of instrumental monitoring is costly, biomonitoring using enzyme is being intensely developed worldwide. In this study, a rapid inhibitive enzyme assay using the molybdenum-reducing enzyme from the bacterium Serratia sp. strain DRY6 sensitive to the heavy metals mercury, copper, silver, and chromium was developed as a method for a rapid monitoring of heavy metals. The IC¬50 values for mercury, copper, silver and chromium were 0.268, 0.352, 0.393 and 0.499 mg L-1, while the LOD values were 0.166, 0.071, 0.033 and 0.064 mg L-1, respectively. The IC50 values for these heavy metals are comparable and in several cases, more sensitive than established assays. Water samples from various locations in the Melaka river were tested for the presence of heavy metals using the developed assay. Enzyme activity was found to be inhibited in one sampling location, but the concentration of metal ions on the site was found to be below the Maximum Permissible Limit according to Malaysian Environmental Quality standard. The assay for heavy metals can be completed in less than 10 minutes and can be carried out at ambient temperature. The assay is rapid and simple and can be used as a first screening method or even near real-time method for routine monitoring of heavy metals.


Objective: The aims of our study were to examine whether becoming nonobese could reverse the adverse effects of initial overweight or obesity on hypertension in adulthood. Design and method: We collected the data in1992 and again in 2007 from the same group of 577 individuals. The subjects were classified into four groups: individuals with a normal BMI (body mass index) in 1992 and 2007 were in group I; those with a normal BMI in 1992 but overweight or obese in 2007 were in group II; those who were overweight or obese in 1992 but normal BMI in 2007 were in group III; and those who were kept overweight or obese in 1992 and 2007 were in group IV. Results: The cumulative incidence of hypertension was 36.2%, 62.2%, 38.7% and 62.0% for group I to IV, respectively. Compared with group I, the HR is 1.817 for group II (p < 0.001), 1.065 for group III (p = 0.746) and 2.254 for group IV (p < 0.001). There was not significantly different between groups I and III, and the same as between groups II and IV. Conclusions: Compared with the individual who persist being overweight or obesity, becoming nonobese could reverse the adverse effects of overweight or obesity on hypertension; compared with who were persisted in normal BMI, being overweight or obese will increase the morbidity of hypertension. In short, overweight or obese would increase the risk for hypertension, and loss weight might reverse the adverse effect.


The purpose of this paper is to assess the influences of labor emigration from agriculture on cultivated land production abandonment in ecological sensitive areas by taking the mountain area in southern Ningxia as an example.Method employed is binary logistic regression model.The results indicate:(1t)he area of production abandoned cultivated land is positively correlated with the amount of labor emigration,the time of emigration and total area of cultivated land owned by farmer households;(2t)he slope farmland and dry land will be firstly abandoned.It is concluded that the labor emigration from agriculture can impel the farmer households to abandon partial cultivated land with lower quality,and the abandonment of which will be helpful to the restoration of ecological environment.


The core of the work is a lengthy hermeneutically-oriented discussion of political judgment, which projects the notion of political competence as a language mediated capacity of human subjects to recognize the common good by way of discourse. This discursive conception of the political which is mediated on the one hand by a relationship to the moral and on the other to the conception which can be contrasted with the modern paradigm of politics as the episteme of power relations. The earlier chapters build up to this contrast of the classical and the contemporary paradigms and stake out a claim for the primacy of the political in the classical mould. The work is a return to the classical idea of the political by way of a long detour via the theory of judgment, the Kuhnian theory of paradigms, Ricoeur's theory of textual hermeneutics and rhetorical theory. Ranging from discussions of sociological and political theory to philosophy of language and philosophical logic, the work seeks to connect the Aristotelian-Kautilyan conception of the political to contemporary debates in the metatheory of the social sciences.


— An exploratory study of secondary school students who had attended the School Dental Service (276) during their final three years of primary schooling, demonstrated evidence of more dental care, similar dental habits, and an inertia towards the seeking of dental care than those who had not (224).


In this study, in order to consider the method of the wood traceability system, we conducted verification tests in 4 areas. Furthermore, we conducted hearing survey at each distribution process in order to extract the necessary information about the wood. From the tests, we verified that the electronic tag labels are useful in wood traceability. In addition, through the hearing survey, we obtained the necessary information about the wood that is required by forestry cooperatives, the lumber market, and sawmills. Then, we considered a simple method of wood traceability system which based on those results.


We report results of the calculation of polarizability and the nuclear magnetic shielding tensors of two-electron atoms confined within an attractive Gaussian potential well. The electric and magnetic responses are obtained within the random phase approximation (RPA) of the polarization propagator. The influence of the depth and range of the potential on the electronic structure is also studied. The dependence of the parallel (along the displacement) and perpendicular components of the polarizability and shielding tensors on the distance of the atom to the centre of the well is calculated and rationalized as a dissociation-type process of the artificial diatomic molecule formed between the Coulomb and the well potentials.


Abstract Still a problem, HIV stigma necessitates strategies to deal with it. One such strategy is support group attendance. The role that support groups play in the lives of HIV+ people is multi-faceted, providing a range of different types of support that help deal with HIV stigma. Based on research which took place in a public hospital in Johannesburg at which a support group is run, this paper consolidates various previous contributions from a range of fields and explores a previously unexplored form of support — normative support. This form of support is particularly practical in dealing with stigma, particularly self-stigma.


The demand of the internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles that are highly used around the world has produced and continues to cause major environmental and human health concerns. This issue of transportation section needs to be addressed through shifting the use of fossil fuel for vehicles to green energy. Fuel cell is an appealing candidate for electric vehicle (EV), this is due to its high efficiency and the use of a clean input source such as hydrogen. The implementation of hybrid system like coupling between fuel cell and battery or supercapacitor for a drive application, affects on the system positively by enhancing its efficiency as well as improving the regenerative braking activity. Nevertheless, the hybridization of energy sources allows the benefit from the advantages of each source separately. The open-end winding induction motor (OEWIM) looks more attractive for the use of hybrid sources since it produces more switching redundancies as well as the induction motor receives its power from both terminals of the stator winding and not only from one end. The power distribution is not easy be managed the between these two sources, especially that the fuel cell is a unidirectional DC source, and the battery or supercapacitor are bidirectional sources which permit the charging and discharging activity. This paper will implement the power sharing algorithm that is able to control the activity of the charging and discharging between the sources. This will be investigated through a dual inverter fed an OEWIM using MATLAB-Simulink software.


Comparison of the growth parameters and photosynthetic capacities of cells of Aphanocapsa 6714 under various growth conditions led to the following conclusions: (a), no enzymic regulation of CO(2)/glucose assimilation takes place in this strain; (b), functioning of photodependent phosphorylating pathways turns off oxidative ATP synthesis; (c), no efficient regulation of pigment synthesis exists in these cells; (d), most modulations of photosynthetic activities probably occur through structural modifications of the photosynthetic membranes (a small proportion of the pigments might appear as a nonintegrated pool in the cell and be sensitive to synthesis regulation); and (e), photosystem II activity would be dependent on light intensity in a discontinuous way, the consequence of this property being the appearance of two successive exponential phases during phototrophic growth in adequate light conditions.


Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is not a disease, but a metabolic disorder that takes place due to the uncontrollable level of Blood Glucose in the Pancreas. If DM is associated with other diseases it becomes more vulnerable. DM-related abnormalities include Cardiovascular Diseases, Retinopathy, my necrosis, and the list may go on. An alarming level of 80% of deaths in diabetic patients is due to Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), whereas Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is related to vision morbidity and Diabetic myonecrosis with malfunctioning of the major muscular system in the body. The proposed work gives an easy analysis of the anomalies occurring due to DM using different image processing techniques. The results obtained from the model are interpreted taking the assistance of health professionals by considering medical standards. Statistical analysis is also carried outfor Region of Interest (ROI) in images, by computing various parameters such as perimeter, mean, standard deviation, variance, etc. The proposed work presents a model that aids the medical community in supporting clinicians in making decisions at the right time, besides providing awareness to society on Diabetes-related problems and associated complications and helping them to take precautions before being affected or harmed.


A new control scheme for a three-phase/switch/level boost-type rectifier is proposed. The digital-signal-processor-based controller decouples the rectifier into a cascade-connected dual-boost topology within each 60/spl deg/ interval of the line cycle. By taking advantage of the simple structure and that no current sensors are required, it provides an effective solution to applications where high power/low -cost are concerned.


This study aims to develop scientific-based macromedia flash learning media on integer material for seventh grade junior high school students and determine the quality of learning media developed based on validity and practicality. This research is a development study using the ADDIE development model. The stages of the ADDIE development model consist of 5 stages, namely: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation. The results of the study, from the results of the assessment analysis by the three experts namely: linguists, material experts, and media experts, the learning media developed met very valid criteria with an average score of 4.24. The results of the analysis of the practicality of the user questionnaire (teachers and students) met very practical criteria with an average score of 4.37. The characteristics of the developed media are 1) The material is in accordance with the competency to be achieved; 2) The learning objectives are clear; 3) There are clear instructions; 4) Language that is easily understood by students; 5) In accordance with the approach used is a scientific approach; 6) There is a section to motivate students; 7) Clear learning flow; 8) There are practice questions and discussion as well as evaluation questions; 9) Interactive; 10) Easy navigation; 11) Images, animations, text, and colors are presented in harmony and harmony. In conclusion, the development of scientific-based macromedia flash learning media meets valid and practical criteria for use by VII grade junior high school students in learning integer material.
Keywords: Integer, Macromedia Flash, Scientific, Development of Learning
                 Media


Control system for the periphery of the distal end, the method and the remote server application operating in the device outside the distal end of the distal end of the server. Peripheral control method comprises: generating a remote server in the multiple virtual machines; generates a virtual communication port on the virtual machine; when the client is connected to the remote server, the remote server to select a virtual machine, the client is connected to the selected virtual machinery; virtual machine virtual communication port and the client's target communication port mapping, virtual machines through virtual communication port operation command to the target communication port; client disconnected, the virtual machine operating instructions temporarily stored in the buffer space ; the client is connected to another virtual machine, the virtual machine instruction operation temporarily in the buffer space to the virtual communications port mapping via the communication port with the corresponding target peripheral devices.


A new Australian genus Notointybia gen. nov. is established for three species formerly placed in Laius Guérin‐Méneville, Dicranolaius Champion or Intybia Pascoe. It can be separated from the other apalochrine genera by the following characters combined: pronotum with complete lateral carinae, basal antennomeres modified and fore tarsi four‐segmented or five‐segmented and without combs on the second segment in male specimens. The new genus includes Laius cavicornis Lea, 1909, Laius filamentarius Lea, 1917 (type species), Laius hackeri Lea, 1914 and a new species Notointybia maculosa sp. nov. from Queensland. We designate lectotypes for L. cavicornis Lea, 1909, L. hackeri Lea, 1914 and L. filamentarius Lea, 1917. The taxonomic position of Notointybia and its phylogenetic relationship with related genera remain unsolved, requiring a comprehensive molecular study of world Apalochrini.


The following organisations are named on the report: Future of Humanity Institute, University of Oxford, Centre for the Study of Existential Risk, University of Cambridge, Center for a New American Security, Electronic Frontier Foundation, OpenAI. The Future of Life Institute is acknowledged as a funder.


Support Vector Machines (SVMs) are known to be robust tools for classification and regression in noisy and complex domains. SVM ensembles have been widely used to improve classification accuracy in complicated pattern recognition tasks. A good example is the DNA microarray data -for tumor classification which is usually characterized by low sample size, high dimensionality, noise and large biological variability. In this work we propose to apply an ensemble of SVMs coupled with feature-subset selection methods to alleviate the curse of dimensionality associated with expression-based classification of DNA data in order to achieve stable and reliable results. We compare the single SVM classifier to SVM ensembles applying two different feature-subset selection techniques, namely random selection and k-means clustering, and combining the base classiers using either majority vote or SVM fusion. Two real-world datasets are used as benchmarks to evaluate and compare the performance. Experimental results show that the ensemble with k-means clustering for feature-subset selection which uses SVM base classiers and an SVM combiner achieves the best classification accuracy, and that feature-subset-selection methods can have a considerable impact on the classification accuracy.


Sloshsat Facility for Liquid Experimentation and Validation in Orbit was a spacecraft for the experimental study of the behavior of a contained liquid in space. It was launched fromKourou in French Guyana on Ariane 5 ECA on 12 February 2005. The free-flyingmass was 129 kg, including 33.5 kg of liquidwater in an 87 l tank. Control was by a set of 12 cold-gas thrusters with a thruster force of 0.785 N. The motion sensing subsystem had six linear accelerometers (Allied Signal QA-3000-010) in three pairs at different corners of the spacecraft, and three fiber optic gyroscopes (Litef FORS 36=6). From the flight record, about 26 h of motion sensing subsystem data have been selected with Sloshsat in stable rotation, about its major axis of inertia at spin rates up to 6 rpm. The data have been used for the in-orbit calibration of the accelerometers and the determination of the spacecraft inertial properties. From the measurement equations of the six accelerometers, an error equation is derived for the six components of corrections to the system center of mass location and the angular rate vectors. The bias and scale factors for each accelerometer are determined to minimize the magnitude of the residual error. The procedure yields a 1 value of O 5 10 6 m=s for the uncertainty of steady accelerometer data in a 30 mg range. The iterated angular rate data show much more resolution than the noisy output from the gyroscopes. The system inertia tensor at small nutation has been estimated under the assumption that the liquid is in hydrostatic equilibrium. Its six independent components have been separated in three principal moments of inertia and three variables of the orthogonal orientation tensor. The precision of the estimated principal moment of inertia values is thought to beO 1% , based also on simulations of a Sloshsat-like system and realistic errors. The magnitudes of force and torque from leaking propulsion gas have been identified and were found to be of no special relevance for the calibration. The effects of geometrical errors in the mounting of the motion sensing subsystem sensors are estimated to be insignificant for the 1 values as determined by the calibration.


In this paper the author argues for a real globalisation in philosophy in terms of conceiving and recognising the universality of transcendental philosophical knowledge. This universality can only be grasped by recovering and integrating the legacy of Oriental Philosophy in the tradition of transcendental philosophy. This proposal is based in the thesis, according to which Oriental philosophies, especially Advaita-Vedanta, Buddhism and Sufism, constitute the origins of the knowledge and/or wisdom western transcendental philosophy, especially Fichte, provides.


Gypsum is widely used in building products, e.g., as drywall, stucco or constituent in mortar, because it is easy to handle and it is assigned creating a good indoor air quality. Odor analysis of a gypsum product with a sulfurous off-odor by means of gas chromatography-olfactometry compared to two unobtrusive commercial gypsum products revealed ― apart from typical odor compounds previously found in building products like aldehydes, ketones and acids ― various organic sulfur compounds as odorants at very small concentrations (< 1 μg/m 3 ) not allowing structural identification. Gypsum deposits naturally contain impurities and elemental sulfur, which can react in nature due to tectonic pressure and temperature or during production with organic compounds, e.g., from beater additives, to form organic sulfur compounds. Odor analysis of a gypsum raw material and its semi-processed product from a Chinese deposit with a very intense sulfurous off-odor revealed high concentrations of organic sulfur compounds, which were identical in analytical, chromatographic and sensory properties to the unidentified sulfur compounds of the commercial products and are therefore suitable for structural identification of those unknowns. In this way, a number of sulfides, disulfides, thiols and aromatic sulfur compounds could be identified as contributing to the odor of gypsum products.


Expectant management is an acceptable treatment approach for selected children with acute otitis media (AOM) and avoids overuse of antibiotics (Journal Watch Emergency Medicine Oct 20 2006). In two recent studies, researchers hypothesized that bilateral and unilateral AOM might have different clinical, demographic, and microbiologic features. Such features might assist clinicians in determining which patients are likely to benefit from antimicrobial therapy.

A study from Texas included 1216 cases with clinical characteristics of AOM in …


Using the exact nonlinear kinematics, the zero miss distance (ZMD) property of the three dimensional (3D) pure proportional navigation guidance (PPNG) law is examined for a missile with a time-varying speed to intercept an arbitrarily maneuvering target in the space. It is proven that, a navigation constant larger than 1 is the only condition required to guarantee the ZMD property of 3D PPNG, provided that 1) the missile is launched toward the target, and 2) the missile has a speed superiority over the target during flight. To this end, a new description of the 3D engagement geometry is proposed, in which the concept of plane angle is introduced to describe the cross-coupling in the nonlinear kinematics. Based on this, the approach for analyzing the ZMD property of PPNG in planar pursuit situations is extended successfully to general 3D cases: firstly, a certain time sequence and an asymptotic time function dependent on the maximum speed ratio are defined, based on which the upper bound of the relative range between the missile and the target is assured; then, it is proven by contradiction that there exists a subsequence such that the relative range is asymptotically converging to zero. Our methodology is expected to be useful for the design and analysis of other 3D missile guidance laws.


Vitcos was occupied by the Incas of Vilcabamba in the sixteenth century, which included about 20 ha of agricultural fields with crops such as maize, potato, quinoa, amaranth and beans.


The invention relates to a grid connecting method of a three-phase high-power inverter with a power-frequency isolation transformer. According to the grid connecting method disclosed by the invention, PWM (Pulse-Width Modulation) pulse enabling is carried out by utilizing high-impedance characteristics of an output grid-connecting loop in the process of inputting the transformer in a limited current manner; amplitude-limiting soft start is carried out; and, because the magnitude of output current of the inverter is limited by resistors connected with the output loop in series, the grid connection operation of an inverter bridge is realized under a lower current state. The grid connecting method disclosed by the invention is applied to a three-phase grid-connected inverter which is accessed to a power grid by using a high-power transformer. The grid connecting control method is simple and reliable and has low grid-connecting impact current and wide application range.