Abstract The diglycidyl ether of Bisphenol-A (DGEBA), suitable for the manufacture of epoxy-glass fiber laminates, has been cured with bis(m-aminophenyl)methylphosphine oxide (BAPO), and the results have been compared with a commercially available 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS). DSC studies indicated that an increase in the concentration of diamine resulted in an increase in the extent of the curing reaction even above the optimum level of diamine. Cured resins were stable up to 300°C and started losing weight above this temperature. Glass fabric-reinforced laminates based on DGEBA:BAPO exhibited a higher limiting oxygen index (LOI), as well as higher shear and flexural strength than those based on the DGEBA:DDS system. Thermal aging at 185°C for 100 h did not affect the mechanical properties of laminates. However, a significant decrease was observed in interlaminar shear strength by boiling in water for 100 and 200 h.


This review paper presents the second half of the 20th century research of Management by objectives (MBO) approach. The relevant research is spanning over the last five decades and an approach to position representative common characteristics of this wide spectrum of studies, is implemented through their grouping into 15 main areas of application. The presented studies were analyzed, revealing the favourable areas of application by using the MBO approach. Among 82 literature survey, it is found that the main area of MBO application is in the medical sector. The four main medical sub-groupings of healthcare, that is, healthcare, nursing, hospital management and hospital pharmacy account for 40% of the total references. The paper also denotes determining factors of potential MBO malfunction, such as the observing distortion between MBO introductory structure and its function in real business environments, which are proved detrimental to their operation.

 Key words: Business environment, decision making, management by objectives, review.


Epileptic focus localization is an important process for successful epileptic surgery. The intracranial Electroencephalogram (iEEG) recording helps the neurosurgeons to take the right decision in patients undergoing epilepsy surgical procedure by delineating the epileptogenic area. This requires accurate classification of the EEG signals from different brain areas into focal and non-focal groups. In this paper, we propose a semi-supervised learning based system utilizing a deep neural network to accurately analyze the non-stationary and nonlinear EEG signals. The presented method is based on training a deep convolutional autoencoder neural network in an unsupervised manner and then using the pre-trained encoder along with multi-layer perceptron for classification of the EEG signals into focal and non-focal. EEG feature extraction and classification are performed in a single automated system rather than extracting handcrafted features as in the previous work. The proposed approach leverages the convolutional autoencoder by reducing the features' dimension and extracting the discriminative spatio-temporal features from the EEG signals. Experimental results show the ability of the proposed method to localize the epileptogenic area with an average accuracy of 93.2% using ten-fold cross validation strategy which is the highest among the state of the art.


This paper suggests a master-slave nonautonomous synchronization scheme with variable substitution control. According to the scheme, some sufficient algebraic criteria for global chaos synchronization of the master and slave nonautonomous gyrostat systems via various single-variable coupling are derived. The effectiveness of the obtained criteria is numerically verified by some examples.


Current study investigates the possibilities of access to public policies that benefit family farming and rural tourism. It considers the differentiated products produced in the processing units of the settlements Facao/Furna Sao Jose, Corixo e Margarida Alves in the southwestern region of the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil. A review of the literature, retrieval of secondary data, fieldwork for interviews using form and photographic records, geo-referencing of processing units; systematization and interpretation of data within a qualitative approach produced the following results. Production facilities accessed Pronaf, PAA and Pnae Programs within the context of public policy of the Brazilian Federal Government through direct purchases with simultaneous donation, via Conab, of agro products, vegetables and fruits produced on the settlement. Farmers in the settlements are assisted by the staff of STTR from Caceres and by Fase who give guidance to groups in preparing projects to raise funds, compliance with bureaucratic requirements and transfer of technologies to improve production. Results show that the government programs as well as the technical assistance by trade unions and by Fase promoted changes in the well- being and production of the families surveyed. They provided inclusion and autonomy for women in the labor market and income generation.


Improvements to the global reference atmospheric model are described. The basic model includes monthly mean values of pressure, density, temperature, and geostrophic winds, as well as quasi-biennial and small and large scale random perturbations. A spherical harmonic wind model for the 25 to 90 km height range is included. Below 25 km and above 90 km, the GRAM program uses the geostrophic wind equations and pressure data to compute the mean wind. In the altitudes where the geostrophic wind relations are used, an interpolation scheme is employed for estimating winds at low latitudes where the geostrophic wind relations being to mesh down. Several sample wind profiles are given, as computed by the spherical harmonic model. User and programmer manuals are presented.


This paper made basic investigation on the maximum speed ability of race walking and the distribution of plantar pressure by using two-dimension video-tape analysis and plantar pressure test system.The purpose was to provide the limited velocity and the key kinematic parameters and the character of plantar pressure c of the world-class race walking athlete under the special require of the race walking rule.The research subject was twelve Chinese world-class elite male and female race walking athletes,whose specific sport were the 20km race walking event.The main result of this paper provided the relevant kinematic and dynamic parameters of Chinese world-class elite race walking athlete.The kinematic parameters included the maximum speed and the maximum stride and the height wave of body center gravity and the period of one step and the time of take-off,support and straight leg and so on.The dynamic parameters included the maximum force of plantar and the maximum pressure of plantar and the curve character of plantar force and the distribution types of plantar pressure and so on.This paper presented correlative discussion and analysis of those parameters.It could induce some corresponding conclusions on the base of these research result and analysis and discussion.


Abstract In this paper, we analyze the stability and Hopf bifurcation of a biological economic system with harvesting effort on prey. The model we consider is described by differential-algebraic equations because of economic revenue. We choose economic revenue as a positive bifurcation parameter here. Different from previous researchers' models, this model with nonlinear harvesting rate is more general. Furthermore, the improved calculation process of parameterization is much simpler and it can handle more complex models which could not be dealt with by their algorithms because of enormous calculation. Finally, by MATLAB simulation, the validity and feasibility of the obtained results are illustrated.


Of the metal complexes of protoporphyrin which are of biological importance those of magnesium and ferrous iron are of special importance. Magnesium protoporphyrin is most probably an intermediate in the biosynthesis of chlorophyll (Granick, 1961) and of bacteriochlorophyll (Gibson, Neuberger & Tait, 1963), while ferrous protoporphyrin (protohaem) is a component of haemoglobin, myoglobin, cytochromes and other haem proteins. The enzymic formation of magnesium protoporphyrin has not been described, but that ofprotohaem from Fe2+ ions and protoporphyrin is well documented. Ferrochelatases have been found in mitochondria from rat liver (Labbe & Hubbard, 1961) and pig liver (Porra & Jones, 1963 a, b) and in haemolysates from duck blood (Yoneyama, Oyama, Sugita & Yoshikaya, 1962) and chicken blood (Schwartz, Hill, Cartwright & Wintrobe, 1959). These enzymes have been partially purified and their specificities towards various porphyrins and metal ions have been tested. They act on all porphyrins with two carboxyl groups. They are, however, more specific towards the metal; the enzyme in duck blood (Oyama, Sugita, Yoneyama & Yoshikaya, 1961) uses Zn2+ ions at 10% and Co2+ ions at 2 % the rate of Fe2+ ions, the one from rat-liver mitochondria (Labbe & Hubbard, 1961) uses C02+ ions more efficiently than the one in duck blood but is completely inactive with Zn2+ ions; it also uses Mn2+ ions to a small extent. During the course of unsuccessful experiments designed to detect a magnesium-incorporating enzyme in chromatophores from Rhodopseudomonas spheroides the production of zinc protoporphyrin was noted, and the rate of its formation was greatly stimulated by bringing about the reaction in a water-ether emulsion. Under these conditions a marked synthesis of zinc protoporphyrin was also detected with mitochondria from anumber ofmammalian tissues. The properties of these zinc-protoporphyrin chelatases, particularly the one in R. spheroide8, are described in detail and their possible metabolic functions discussed.


-Male Satin Bowerbirds (Ptilonorhynchus violaceus) court females at specialized structures called bowers. Courtship includes a complex pattern of vocalizations in which a broad-band, mechanical-sounding song is followed by interspecific mimicry. We studied the effect of male courtship displays on male mating success in Satin Bowerbirds. Data from 2 years of field research showed low between-male differences in mechanical components of courtship song and high variability between males in mimetic singing. Older males sang longer and higher-quality bouts of mimicry than did younger males. In one year, courtship song features were correlated with male mating success. The results suggest that female Satin Bowerbirds use male courtship vocalizations in their mate-choice decisions. We discuss hypotheses about assessment of male age and dominance from courtship vocalizations and suggest that these songs have evolved as a result of selection for male display characteristics that provide females with information about the relative quality of prospective mates. Received 27 June 1985, accepted 20 September 1985. MALE Satin Bowerbirds (Ptilonorhynchus violaceus) build specialized structures called bowers that are used as sites for courting females and for mating (Vellenga 1970, Donaghey 1981, Borgia 1985). Females raise their young unassisted by males, and males do not associate with females after mating. Males decorate their bowers with a variety of natural objects and attempt to steal decorations and destroy the bowers of other males. Much effort has been focused on understanding the role of the bower and its decorations in female mating decisions. Borgia (1985) demonstrated a skewed distribution of matings among male Satin Bowerbirds, differences among males in bower decoration and construction, and a consistent pattern of female preference for males with well-constructed and well-decorated bowers. In addition, male mating success is influenced negatively by bower destruction and decoration-stealing (Borgia 1986a, Borgia and Gore 1986). Male courtship vocalizations are another component of male sexual display that may have important effects on female mating decisions. Male courtship is intense, involving dance movements and postures that are coordinated with the simultaneous production of complex vocalizations. The female crouches within the bower, closely observing the male during the display, and controls the outcome of the courtship either by signaling her willingness to copulate or by flying away. Given the complexity of male display and the attention females pay to displaying males, it is likely that male displays have an important effect on female mating decisions, yet there have been no detailed studies of display in any bowerbird


The orifice plate flowmeter is the major kind of flowmeter used in the natural gas measurement system of the Primary Gas Production Plant of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, which contains 79 gas gathering stations, 3 purification plants and 2 gas distribution stations. Nevertheless, the standard orifice is apt to be attached with dirty, and be easily damaged. The pressure sample tube is plugged or tends toward leak from time to time. All these problems in Changqing Gasfield are caused by the natural gas properties, production conditions and external conditions. It will lead to increasing amount of maintenance work and gas measurement inaccuracy. To boost the measurement accuracy of natural gas trade, Instromet and Daniel gas ultrasonic flowmeters were initially used by Changqing in the gas trade metering system of the "West-east Natural Gas Transmission Project". Comparison analyses and researches were performed on the orifice meter, which have substantially promoted the management level and accuracy for trade measurement and achieved favorable application effect and rich application experience in work place. The working principle and performance of gas ultrasonic flowmeter were briefly introduced. Its shortages during application were discussed. This will offer references for the on-site application of gas ultrasonic flowmefers.


DESY, Platanenalle 6, 15738 Zeuthen, GermanyE-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com discuss some large effects of dynamical fermions. One is a cutoff effect, others concern thecontribution of multi-pion states to correlation functions and are expected to survive the contin-uum limit. We then turn to the preparation for simulations at small lattice spacings which weare planning down to around a = 0:04 fm in order to understand the size of O(a


We show that using the cyclic group the transpose of an R-cyclic matrix can be decomposed along diagonal parts into a sum of parts which are freely independent over diagonal scalar matrices. Moreover, if the R-cyclic matrix is self-adjoint then the off-diagonal parts are R-diagonal.


A global characteristic of higher education is the opportunity and necessity for students to self-regulate their learning. In contrast to considerable research focusing on self-regulated learning (SRL) from a behavioural perspective, little is known concerning the underlying competencies which enable students to succeed in SRL. A structural model is proposed that differentiates SRL competencies in terms of descriptive, procedural, and conditional knowledge regarding different types of self-regulation strategies in different phases of the learning process. Indications drawn from semi-structured interviews with N = 108 experts (39 lecturers and 69 as excellent nominated students) from 4 fields of study are in line with core assumptions of the proposed model. Moreover, the results provide a basis to ensure the content validity of assessments of students' SRL competencies and from which to derive standards to judge these competencies.


The Asian walnut moth, Garella musculana (Erschov, 1874) (Lepidoptera, Nolidae) is an alien pest originating from Central Asia and is now spreading in Europe, attacking walnut trees. In this study, we updated the current distribution of G. musculana, focusing on the Italian range, where it was reported for the first time in 2021. Field surveys showed an extensive distribution of G. musculana in northern Italy, particularly in the Veneto Region. In this area, the Asian walnut moth developed on English and black walnut, attacking almost exclusively tree shoots. Based on current distribution data, further investigations are required in the nearby regions as well as in those that were less surveyed. Lastly, it is imperative to conduct more studies on insect biology and the impact on walnut production.


The objective of the present work was to study visual functions, as well as changes in the systemic and local renin-angiotensin system before and after intake of the ACE inhibitor perindopril in 65 patients (130 eyes) presenting with diabetic retinopathy. The treatment caused the most pronounced changes in the patients with preproliferative diabetic retinopathy including the two-fold (p<0.05) decrease of ACE activity in the blood and its 7.5-fold (p<0.05) increase in the tears. These effects appear to be attributable to the action of perindopril on the levels of the proangiogenic factors known to be elevated in the patients with severe retinal ischemia. The treatment of patients with diabetic macular oedema with perindopril resulted in the decrease of the retinal thickness from 392.5±46.7 to 347.2±39.6 mcm in the absence of significant improvement in the acuteness of vision. All the patients experienced a significant reduction in the level of glycosylated hemoglobin.


The influence of temperature on pH of system of emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization of styrene-butyl acrylate in the presence of sodium undecylenate is discussed.The curve of polymerization kinetics is described.The reaction rate constant(kP)at different temperatures is calculated.Using TEM to compare emulsion polymerization of several emulsifier system,we found that the homogeneity and adhesion and deformation of the particles of emulsion could be controlled.Because there are no free emulsifier,the stability of emulsion is raised.


Background Chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy or anti-vascular therapy is both recommended by guidelines for first-line treatment of lung adenocarcinoma. However, no head-to-head clinical trial has ever compared which strategy is the optimal choice. This real-world retrospective study was done to compare the efficacy and treatment-related adverse events of immunotherapy and bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy. Patients and methods From January 2018 to March 2021, we retrospectively collected 276 patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma managed with chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab or PD-1 inhibitors at our center. Among them, 139 patients were treated with chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab, while 137 patients were treated with chemotherapy combined with PD-1 inhibitors. After receiving four cycles of combination therapy, all patients received maintenance therapy until disease progression. Progression‐free survival (PFS), overall response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), disease control rate (DCR), and adverse events (AE) were analyzed between the two groups. Results Compared to patients who received anti-vascular therapy, patients who underwent immunotherapy achieved better PFS (7.3 months vs. 10 months, p = 0.002) while ORR (40.9% vs. 51.1%, p = 0.093), as well as OS (18 months vs. 24 months, p = 0.060), had no statistical difference between the two groups. In the PD-L1-negative population, there was no statistical difference in PFS and OS between the two groups. (8.0 months VS. 6.0 months, p = 0.738; and 19 months vs. 13 months, p = 0.274). In the PD-L1-positive population, there was a significant benefit in PFS in the population receiving immunotherapy (7.0 months vs. 10.0 months, p = 0.009). Proteinuria and hypertension occurred more frequently in the bevacizumab-treated group (p = 0.001 and p = 0.002), whereas immune-related pneumonia and hypothyroidism occurred more frequently in the immunotherapy-treated group (p = 0.007 and p = 0.030). Conclusions The addition of a PD-1 inhibitor was superior to bevacizumab in terms of PFS among patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma. PD-L1-positive patients appeared to exhibit better PFS, OS, and ORR. Toxic reactions were manageable in both groups.


International financial regulatory cooperation since its beginnings in the early 1970s has been dominated by a handful of advanced countries. Until very recently, almost all developing countries played no significant role in the formulation of global regulatory norms and standards. After the global financial crisis of 2008-9, the G 20, which had itself displaced the G-7 as the key grouping in global economic governance, directed all of the major global institutions involved in standard-setting to undertake reforms to their governance structure so as to reflect the changed political environment. Accordingly, a number of emerging market countries have been brought into the inner of global regulatory standard setting, including organizations such as the Basel Committee (BCBS), IOSCO, IASB, and the FSB. Most of these institutions remain, along with the G20 itself, dominated by advanced countries from Europe and North America. Nevertheless, the crisis has brought some major emerging market countries into the inner circles of global regulatory standard-setting for the first time (see table 1 in Chapter 1). As the introductory chapter in this volume notes, the expanded role of major developing countries in the process of international standard setting raises crucial questions about the significance of the crisis and the future of global economic governance. But how do the major emerging countries approach global standard-setting and how (if at all) has the recent crisis affected their attitudes towards it?


The mass spectra of B substituted 2,5-dimethyl cyclotetrazenoboranes have been studied. The compounds Me2N4BD, Me2N4BEt, Me2N4BVi, Me2N4BCl and Me2N4BBr give confirmatory evidence that loss of N2+H. from the system occurs by loss of H from the side chain and that the BR bond is very stable under electron impact conditions. Fragmentation proceeds in a similar fashion to that of the 2,5-dimethyl substituted compounds with H bonded to the boron atom.


The article systematizes methodological approaches to assessing the economic security of a commercial bank, describes their essence, highlights the advantages and disadvantages. Criteria for assessing the economic security of a commercial bank are presented from the standpoint of the possibilities of different methodological approaches.


Narratives of identity in sicilian culture The work studies the ways in which the Sicilian produce representations of man that can hold its head high in front of family. Friends and authorities. Values that from the background Sicilian identity, such as honour, respect, family, generated in a context of life constitute the common values shared by the majority, but at the same time, can be a useful meaning to the substrate mafia subculture to create wide acceptance of a criminal phe-nomenon. It seems that the man of honour and the mafia organization share the same principles of the common man, and built, in parallel, a corresponding scale-values, with value "negative". In this sense, the mafia subculture finds fertile ground in the Sicilian culture since it shares the ethical attitudes, moral and behavioural exploit to create legitimacy for their. Key words: narrazione, identita, cultura


Since 13th COP of UNFCCC at Bali,the scope of negotiating on Climate Change has begun to cover the Convention and Kyoto Protocol,which focus on the mitigation,financial mechanism and theology transfer. The parties are still facing challenges to obtain an agreed outcome at Copenhagen. It's probably helpful for the negotiation about Copenhagen Agreement to renew the principle of common and differentiated responsibilities.


The histocompatibility system exists for defence against viruses. It is responsible for the rejection of allograft. The immune system attempts to counter the explosive speed of viral replication by directing the defensive immune attack by cytotoxic T cells on to histocompatibility antigens on the infected cell's surface. This enables destruction of the virus factories before the cytotoxic T cells are swamped by the myriad numbers of new virions, a thousand coming from each infected cell every 10 hours. The histocompatibility system mistakes alloantigen on grafts for virus-infected host cells that need swift destruction. For surgical transplantation, Henry Kaplan discovered that immune ablation of the recipient followed by inoculation with donor bone marrow prevents rejection of allogeneic grafts. Sykes has improved Kaplan's technique by adding recipient bone marrow cells to the donor ones injected for reconstitution of the recipient after immune ablation. Kaplan's technique, used on untreated pigs, should be the standard procedure for transplantation.


This article explores a post-modern approach to religious experience in the South Pacific Islands by interpreting images of religion in the fiction of Albert Wendt, one of the region's most prolific writers. Interpreting religious symbols, within a broad phenomenological perspective, it is argued that Wendt's novel, Pouliuli, viewed as a post-colonial expression, evokes powerful contemporary images of transformation that are also continuous with traditional cultural forms.


1. Introduction: Hobbes's career in philosophy 2. Hobbes and the studia humanitatis 3. Hobbes's changing conception of a civil science 4. Hobbes on rhetoric and the construction of morality 5. Hobbes and the purely artificial person of the state 6. Hobbes on the proper signification of liberty 7. Hobbes and the classical theory of laughter 8. History and ideology in the English revolution 9. The context of Hobbes's theory of political obligation 10. Conquest and consent: Hobbes and the engagement controversy 11. Hobbes and his disciples in France and England 12. Hobbes and the politics of the early Royal Society 13. Hobbes's last word on politics.


Given a closed, oriented, compact surface $S$ of constant negative curvature and genus $g \ge 2$, we study the measure-theoretic entropy of the Bowen-Series boundary map with respect to its smooth invariant measure. We obtain an explicit formula for the entropy that only depends on the perimeter of the $(8g-4)$-sided fundamental polygon of the surface $S$ and its genus. Using this, we analyze how the entropy changes in the Teichmuller space of $S$ and prove the following flexibility result: the measure-theoretic entropy takes all values between $0$ and a maximum that is achieved on the surface that admits a regular $(8g-4)$-sided fundamental polygon. We also compare the measure-theoretic entropy to the topological entropy of these maps and show that the smooth invariant measure is not the measure of maximal entropy.


In grey cast iron remelt and recycling, white iron can result in the cast product if careful control of the chilling tendency is not ensured. Many jobbing foundries are constrained in furnace types and available foundry additives that the operation always results in white irons. This study is towards ensuring grey iron is reproduced from cast iron scrap auto engine blocks, when using a diesel fired rotary furnace and a FeSi alloy for structural modification (inoculation). With varying addition rate of the FeSi alloy to the tapped molten metal, chill wedge tests were performed on two different wedge samples of type W (according to ASTM A367- wedge test) with cooling modulus of 0.45 cm (W 3½ ) and 0.54 cm (W 4 ). The carbon equivalents for the test casts were within hypoeutectic range (3.85 wt. (%) to 4.11 wt. (%)). In the W 4 wedge sample, at 2.0 wt. (%) addition rate of the FeSi alloy, the relative clear chill was totally reduced to zero from 19.76%, while the relative mottled chill was brought down to 9.59% from 33.71%. The microstructure from the cast at this level of addition was free of carbidic phases; it shows randomly oriented graphite flakes evenly distributed in the iron matrix. Hardness assessment shows that increasing rate of FeSi addition results in decreasing hardness, with maximum effect at 2.0 wt. (%) addition. With equivalent aspect ratio (cooling modulus) in a target cast product, this addition rate for this FeSi alloy under this furnace condition will attain graphitized microstructure in the cast product.


Some new insecticides are listed, including: (a) Microbe insecticides. Pathogenic organisms used to combat insects. There are now three in this class-Thuricide, Agritol and Biotrol. (b) New fumigants. Sulphuryl fluoride is now judged better than methyl bromide. It has greater power of penetration, is more toxic for many species and does not damage paper, rubber, plastic material, metals, or leather. (c) Silica aerogels. Inert powders, which cause the death of the insect by removing the waxy protective layer which covers its body. Have been used with success against cockroaches and dry-wood termites. Very low toxicity for humans.


Compared with traditional imaging methods, polarization imaging has its unique advantages in many directions and has great development prospects. It is one of the hot spots of research and development at home and abroad. Based on the polarization imaging principle of Stokes vector, the realization methods of non-simultaneous polarization imaging and simultaneous polarization imaging are introduced, respectively according to the different polarization modulation methods of Stokes vector acquisition. Non-simultaneous polarization imaging is mainly introduced in two ways: rotary polarization imaging, electrically controlled polarization imaging, and the simultaneous polarization imaging is mainly introduced in three ways: divided amplitude polarization imaging, divided aperture polarization imaging, and divided focal plane polarization imaging. In this paper, the principle and realization of polarization imaging based on Stokes vector are introduced to boost the application of polarization imaging and promote the research and development of polarization imaging technology.


Calcium is known to play an essential role in the lytic mechanism of natural killer cells (NK), which form a subset of large granular lymphocytes. Many of the intracellular effects of calcium are mediated through the calcium‐binding protein calmodulin. In this study we have demonstrated that the specific calmodulin inhibitors (naphthalene‐sulphonamides) inhibit NK activity in humans at IC50's of 6.9 μM for W7 and 5.2 μM for W13. Comparison of the potency of these compounds with their less active counterparts suggests that NK activity is calmodulin‐dependent.


The article examines the conceptual and compositional transformation of the genre of congratulations on professional holidays in the East Slavic presidential discourses of V.V. Putin, A.G. Lukashenko and V.A. Zelensky. The authors analyze the specificty of modeling a picture of the world in the interaction of holiday and presidential discourses within the traditionally interpersonal communication genre. In the presidential discourse, congratulations are a tool to maintain and strengthen power, a way to form necessary values and attitudes and a form of communication with professional communities, which can contribute to the development of professional identity and strengthen the prestige of the profession. Congratulations on professional holidays allow to model the image of a specialist, which, on the one hand, is determined by the socio-cultural characteristics of this society, and on the other hand, by the political attitudes of the speaker, who is the country leader with undeniable authority. As in other congratulations in the presidential discourse, the texts under consideration preserve the traditional structure of the genre and add an informational part, where the speaker models the image of a professional, choosing characteristics in accordance with their own political goals and objectives, and gives an orientation to the future. At the same time, the content of the congratulation is determined by the holiday (honoring the professional community), the speaker's attitudes, and the current political and economic situation in the country.


We consider the approximation of the field of values of the inverse of a large sparse matrix, without explicitly computing the inverse or using its action (i.e., accurately solving a linear system with this matrix). We review results by Manteuffel and Starke and give an alternative that may yield better approximations in practice. We give connections with the harmonic Rayleigh-Ritz approach. Several properties and applications of the studied concepts as well as numerical examples are provided. Key words: Field of values, numerical range, matrix inverse, large sparse matrix, Ritz values, harmonic Rayleigh-Ritz, harmonic Ritz values, GMRES convergence, Arnoldi, numerical radius, numerical abscissa, inner numerical radius, inclusion region.


: The age of the child at the time of premature removal of baby teeth, the timing of eruption of permanent teeth are essential for the formation of dentoalveolar deformities of varying severity; the number of missing teeth and the intensity of the carious process, as well as the functional group of destroyed or removed temporary teeth. Early removal of temporary and permanent teeth is most often due to complicated caries and is the main cause of the development of deformities of the dentition and bite There is an intraosseous movement of the follicles of permanent teeth and a violation of their correct location in the dental arch during eruption, a lag in the growth of the alveolar processes of the jaws.


Mechanical and tribological properties of UHMWPE-based composites with various fillers (aluminum oxyhydroxide micron sized powder, wollastonite microfibers, chopped glass fibers) were studied. The fillers were functionalized with commercially available silane-containing KH550 modifier in order to increase adhesion to the matrix. A comparison on the coupling agent effect on the mechanical and tribological properties of UHMWPE composites loaded at the fillers variation of the content and size is carried out. It is shown that fillers' functionalization is an efficient way to increase wear resistance of UHMWPE composites filled with powders and fibers (increase in wear resistance makes from 1.5 to 3.6 times). On the basis of obtained results, UHMWPE based composites with various size/content studied fillers (powder, fiber) functionalized with the coupling KH550 agent are recommended for industrial application in a wide range of loads and sliding velocities.


piety was not unique to Norwich, or East Anglia more generally, and it would have been useful for Hill to situate her work more broadly in the literature on women's piety in order to highlight the unique nature of Norwich in this period. Women and Religion in Late Medieval Norwich offers a useful and detailed addition for scholars examining women's relationships with the cults of certain female saints and incarnational piety. It also sheds light on the pious practices of women from the social strata below that of the nobility or gentry, looking at how these women sought to combine pragmatic concerns with spiritual benefits through bequests left in their wills and charitable deeds carried out during their lifetimes.


A radiographic method of measuring exophthalmos, based on a new principle, is described. The technique has been evaluated with a dried skull as a test model and the results are assessed and compared with those of conventional methods. The errors likely to occur from false positioning have been determined. A device for correctly positioning the head is described and illustrated.


Water pumping wind mills located in different parts of Orissa were surveyed to know about their performance, technical back up and post installation problems. Out of the total 307 numbers of wind mills installed in the state, 66% were completely out of order due to different reasons such as use of poor quality materials and fabrication defects (1%), site and installation problems (8.5%), poor maintenance (43 6%), damage by natural calamities (9.8%) and other personal factors (2 9%). About 90% of the wind mill owners did not give proper attention for the post-installation measures of their wind mills. It was also observed that lack of satisfactory performance of most of the wind mills has declined people's interest towards this programme substantially in the past few years.


High-order harmonic generation was gated by a laser field with a time-dependent ellipticity. When the linear polarization portion is less than one optical period, the high harmonic spectrum is a supercontinnum that covers 30-100 eV.


The strategy by buying the CDS with the most negative past 1-day stock return and selling the CDS with the most positive past 1-day stock return generates 0.26 daily Sharpe ratio from 2002 to 2016. The profitability concentrates on the most liquid CDS with more quote counts, more market makers, and less bid-ask spreads. Our paper challenges this notion by proposing a hypothesis based on informed speculation and partially informed hedging in segmented stock and CDS markets to explain the profitability. One implication of the hypothesis is that CDS-based trading strategy captures information asymmetry of different hedging and speculative demands given distress risk. Consistent with the distress nature of the strategy, we find that the return dynamic represents the distress risk factor, which is priced in U.S. market. Particularly, using portfolio approach following Fama-French (1993), we find the positive distress risk and return trade-off. Additionally, we show that the momentum crashes (by Daniel and Moskowitz (2015)) is because loser stocks bear more distress risk thus earn higher distress risk premium than winner stocks.


A simple technique of thermal graft copolymerization of 1-vinyl imidazole (VIDZ) on pristine and argon plasma pretreated fluorinated polyimide (FPI) films with simultaneous lamination of copper foils was demonstrated. The simultaneous thermal grafting and lamination process was carried out in the temperature range of 80–140°C under atmospheric conditions and in the complete absence of a polymerization initiator. Three different FPI samples of different chemical structures were employed in the present study. An optimum T-peel strength about 15 N/cm was achieved for the copper/FPI laminate. The adhesion strength, however, decreased with increasing fluorine content in the FPI film. The onset of cohesive failure occurred in the FPI film for assemblies with T-peel strength greater than 6 N/cm. The T-peel strengths are reported as a function of the argon plasma pretreatment time of the FPI films and thermal lamination temperature. The adhesion strengths were compared to that of the similarly prepared copper/polyimide (Kapton HN) laminate. Time-dependent water contact angle (Θ) measurements indicated that the surfaces of FPI films are significantly more hydrophobic and more resistant to water diffusion or hydration than the Kapton HN films. The surface compositions of the pristine FPI films, as well as the delaminated FPI films and copper foils were studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The thickness of the graft VIDZ polymer layer was in the order of 200 nm, as derived from the cross-sectional view of the scanning electron micrograph. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 74: 1478–1489, 1999


Using formal information retrieval methods, International News Connection ([4]) provides a centralized location on the Web that allows users to access constantly updated international news, through dynamic links to news stories from 14 different news sources. The links are updated every 15-20 minutes. The news stories are classified into seven regional categories: Africa, Asia (excluding China), China, Europe (excluding Russia), Middle East, Russia, and South America. The system also contains a clustering function allowing users to retrieve news stories similar to a particular one.


A moisture crossinkling treatment was studied on cotton fabric with etherified 2D resin and MgCl_2·6H_2O as a catalyst at room temperature.The effects of resin dosage,catalyst dosage,pH value and curing time on the wrinkle recovery angle,tensile strength retention,whiteness,formaldehyde release were discussed.The optimized conditions were found as resin 200g/L,catalyst 24%,pH value 2,curing time 24 hours.The cotton fabric features improved recovery angle,strength retention above 60% and released formaldehyde content lower than 75mg/kg.


Aiming at the problems existing in ZigBee network scheduling,the paper proposes a scheduling strategy for ZigBee network based on token mechanism,and it has achieved it on the hardware platform of ZigBee module implemented by the laboratory,then constitute the scheduling experiment system.The test results show that,the scheduling strategy has effectively avoided data packets competing bandwidth at the same tine,reduced the interference between data,thus improved the utilization of the channel and shortened the network transmission time.


Laboratory studies of carbaryl metabolism after piperonyl butoxide application to alfalfa leafcutting bees, Megachile pacifica (Panzer), suggested that synergist differences were more useful than synergist ratios in estimating levels of mixed function oxidases in vivo in insects.


This article, celebrating the 125th anniversary of the Yick Wo decision, recounts the legal struggles of Chinese immigrants at the turn of the 20th century and proposes that these stories provide four lessons for the U.S. Supreme Court about the importance of refusing to countenance class discrimination, persisting in striking at legal injustice, considering legislative purpose in context, and taking account of the property assumptions that color cultural battles in discrimination cases.


Damage models based on the Continuum Damage Mechanics (CDM) include explicitly the coupling between damage and mechanical behavior and, therefore, are consistent with the
definition of damage as a phenomenon with mechanical consequences. However, this kind of models is characterized by their complexity. Using the concept of lumped models, possible simplifications of the coupled models have been proposed in the literature to adapt them to the study of beams and frames. On the other hand, in most of these coupled models damage is associated only with the damage
energy release rate which is shown to be the elastic strain energy. According to this, damage is a function of the maximum amplitude of cyclic deformation but does not depend on the number of cycles. Therefore, low cycle effects are not taking into account. From the simplified model proposed by Florez-Lopez, it is the purpose of this paper to present a formulation that allows to take into account the degradation produced not only by the peak values but also by the cumulative effects such as the low cycle fatigue. For it, the classical damage dissipative potential based on the concept of damage energy release rate is modified using a fatigue function in order to include cumulative effects. The fatigue function is determined through parameters such as the cumulative rotation and the total rotation and the number of cycles to failure. Those parameters can be measured or identified physically through the haracteristics
of the RC. So the main advantage of the proposed model is the possibility of simulating the low cycle fatigue behavior without introducing parameters with no suitable physical meaning. The good performance of the proposed model is shown through a comparison between numerical and
test results under cycling loading.


The authors present an analysis of brain tumors diagnosed in the pediatric ward of the voivodship hospital in Rzeszów between 1988 and 1992. Age, sex and clinical manifestation leading to hospitalisation, localisation and histopathology of the tumors were assessed.


The species diversity of virgin forests and secondary forests in eastern mountain area of Heilongjiang Province were studied composing with quantitative community dynamics.And we researched the relationship between community dynamics,environmental gradient,growth rate,disturbance of forest and species diversity.The results showed that species diversity of secondary forests is higher than that of virgin forest,but the evenness is lower.The forest productivity is middle in the community that the species diversity is higher,however,not only the productivity is the highest but also the species diversity is the lowest.The species diversity is the highest in the community of middle intensive disturbance.The species diversity indices are increasing from the initial stage to the middle stage of succession then decreasing in the climax stage.


The invention provides an interactive system and an interactive method in allusion to television programs. The system comprises a television, a receiving controller, a cloud server, a mobile terminal and a social server, wherein the television is used for displaying the program content; the receiving controller is used for receiving television signals, transmitting the television signals to the television and obtaining the program content displayed by the television at present; the cloud server is used for storing extending content; and the mobile terminal is used for obtaining the program content displayed at present, visiting the cloud server to obtain and display the extending content associated to the program content displayed at present, and receiving the input information of a user corresponding to the extending content; and the social server is used for receiving the input information and/or extending content of the user transmitted by the mobile terminal, and upgrading the social information of the user corresponding to the identity information of the user. According to the system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the mobile terminal plays and displays the extending content related to the program content in real time, the program content is extended, and the audience can interact conveniently by the social server, so that the user experience is promoted.


The strategies employed by a large system of public higher education to plan for a downsizing and future upsizing in enrollments are outlined.


Durham is an historic urban landscape with an historic layering of cultural and natural significance created over more than 1000 years. Almost thirty years ago, Durham was among the first properties proposed by the United Kingdom to be inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Though, unlike more recent nominations including comparable historic urban landscapes, its outstanding universal value was confined to the close surroundings of Durham Castle and the Cathedral. The layering of significance of Durham however, goes far beyond this set of outstanding universal values. This paper aims to reveal how resourceful Durham is, beyond its outstanding universal value. This paper presents and discusses the re-sults of a pilot study, using the walking interview and other qualitative GIS methods to analyze the effectiveness of walked interviews in collecting data regarding public perception on the built environment and its cultural significance.


Native selenium was found during investigation of hydrothermal assemblages in sandstones of the Godulskie Beds in the Wisła-Obłaziec sandstone quarry (Outer Carpathians, the Beskidy Mts., Poland). Major minerals of the hydrothermal assemblage are: calcite, barite, quartz and pyrite. Elongated crystals of pyrite and goethite pseudomorphs after pyrite occur within calcite druses. Pseudo-tetragonal pyrite crystals, up to 5 mm in length, exhibit well developed (100), (010), (001) and (111) or (100), (010), (110) and (111) faces (Figs. 1–2). In reflected light, the crystals are anisotropic. BSE imagery revealed both sector and oscillatory zoning. Acicular native selenium crystals up to 25 μm occur on the surface of the goethite pseudomorphs after pyrite in association with platy barite (Figs. 3–5). EDS spectra revealed very strong selenium peak (Fig. 6). Weak peaks of oxygen and iron seen in the spectra, most probably originated from the background goethite. Sample preparation for EPMA turned out to be challenging due to the small size of selenium crystals and their strong adherence to the highly porous surface of goethite (Fig. 5). That may explain low analytical totals in electron microprobe analyses (Table 1).


Abstract Motivating adolescents to participate in exercise and physical activity is becoming increasingly important due to a rise in obesity but can be prevented through Physical Education. A quasi-experimental design, grounded in the Self-determination theory, was utilised to assess the impact of an intervention using wrist-worn digital physical activity monitors to provide individual feedback to participants. Within the context of K secondary school, a sample of 10, male Year 10 students (aged 14–15-year olds) were divided into experimental and control groups. Over a period of six week, the experimental group received feedback on their exercise levels after PE lessons, while the control group did not. Three quantitative research questions in this pilot study were analysed using independent and dependent t-tests and correlations were run to understand the interaction between motivation and exercise. Results indicated that students in the experimental group showed a statistically significant increase in identified regulation. Furthermore, exercise levels increased significantly from week 2 of the intervention to week 6 in both groups. This pilot study suggests providing specific digital feedback to individuals based on their exercise levels in PE can increase students' motivation to exercise which in turn increases their levels of exercise in PE.


where n is a positive integer and a > 1. These sums have been obtained in some special cases by Hahnf, who, however, calculated Un(<x) by a rather awkward expansion involving log sin a and its derivatives, and Vn(a) simply by adding enough terms to give the desired accuracy. The latter method is unsatisfactory because the convergence of the series is not rapid enough to enable only a few terms to be taken, and the largest term does not occur until a relatively high value of m is reached (for example, for a = 4, n — 7, the largest term in Un(a) and Vn(a) occurs when m is 26 and 28 respectively). It is our purpose in this note to obtain expressions in a closed form for Un(a) and Vn(a) in the case when a is an integer. These are very convenient for purposes of calculation, and approximate values of Un(a) and Vn(a) for a not an integer may be obtained by interpolation.


This final report presents the results of the enthalpy measurements on the model compound m-cresol. The measurements cover the temperature range 200 to 740/sup 0/F and the pressure range 200 to 1500 psia. These data are compared with earlier data taken on m-cresol and with other thermophysical properties taken from the literature.


This article presents initial findings about public accountability and performance measurement practices in Indonesian local government institutions. Moreover, this article provides accountability tools, content, and reason. In addition, factors affecting performance measurement practices, and indications of the existence of institutional isomorphism are also discussed.


Abstract In this paper, bearing fault vibrations are modelled as a series of impulse responses of a single-degree-of-freedom system. The model incorporates slight random variations in the time between pulses so as to resemble actual vibration signals. Although the bearing fault harmonics in the raw spectrum are caused by the random fluctuations to smear over one another, they remain quite clear in the spectrum of the envelope. However, the envelope spectrum is still prone to masking by discrete and random noise. Therefore, the simulated bearing fault signals were used to investigate the efficient application of self-adaptive noise cancellation (SANC) in conjunction with envelope analysis in order to remove discrete frequency masking signals. Two ways of combining these techniques have been suggested, both of which require the original signal to be band-pass filtered and frequency-shifted in order to reduce the number of samples to be processed by SANC. The subsequent envelope analysis can then be performed by using the Hilbert transform technique or band-pass rectification. Band-pass rectification is simpler but requires extra zero padding above and below the demodulation band, making the length of the signal processed by SANC twice as long as with the former method, but still only a fraction of the length of the original signal. On the other hand, the Hilbert technique requires an extra forward and inverse discrete Fourier transform operation compared with band-pass rectification. These two methods reduce the masking effects in the envelope spectrum by removing pseudo-sum frequencies or placing them outside the frequency range of interest. This is illustrated with examples of simulated and actual vibration signals. The removal of discrete frequency noise using SANC is also demonstrated for actual vibration signals. The threshold for which analysing the squared envelope or its higher powers gives an improvement in the envelope spectrum has also been defined using simulated and actual vibration signals. The treatment in the paper is qualitative and non-mathematical for purposes of clarity, but reference is made to a quantitative treatment of the effects of masking.


Background: Low global influenza circulation was reported during the coronavirus-19 pandemic. We explored relationships between nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) and influenza in tropical Asian countries.

Methods: Using WHO surveillance data from 2015-2019 and the WHO shiny app, we constructed expected seasonal influenza epidemic curves from Mar 2020-Jun 2021 and compared the timing, and average percent positivity with observed data. We used multivariate regression to test associations between ordinal NPI data (from the Oxford Stringency Index) four weeks before the expected 2020/21 epidemics and present adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) or relative proportion ratio (RPR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Findings: Data from nine countries predicted 18 seasonal epidemics;seven were observed. Five started 6-24 weeks later, and all were 4-21 weeks shorter than expected. Five epidemics had lower maximum peak values (percent positivity), and all but one had lower average percent positivity than expected. All countries implemented NPIs. Each increased level of school closure reduced risk of an epidemic by 43% (IRR=0.57, CI: 0.34, 0.95). Each increased level of cancelling public events reduced the average percent positivity across the season by 44% (RPR=0.56, CI: 0.39, 0.82) and each increased level in restricting internal movements reduced it by 41% (RPR=0.59, CI: 0.36, 0.96). Other NPIs were not associated with changes.

Interpretation: Although layered NPIs were difficult to tease apart, school closings, canceling public events, and restricting internal movements before influenza circulation seemed to reduce transmission.

Funding Information: This study received no funding.

Declaration of Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.


Rather than using noble gas, room air is used as the working gas for an atmospheric pressure room-temperature plasma. The plasma is driven by submicrosecond pulsed directed current voltages. Several current spikes appear periodically for each voltage pulse. The first current spike has a peak value of more than 1.5 A with a pulse width of about 10 ns. Emission spectra show that besides excited OH, O, N2(C–B), and N2+(B–X) emission, excited NO, N2(B–A), H, and even N emission are also observed in the plasma, which indicates that the plasma may be more reactive than that generated by other plasma jet devices. Utilizing the room-temperature plasma, preliminary inactivation experiments show that Enterococcus faecalis can be killed with a treatment time of only several seconds.


Neutron diffraction experiments on TmTe at pressures up to 7 GPa are reported. The semiconductor-to-metal transition occurring at 2 GPa in this compound is accompanied by the appearance of strong ferromagnetic exchange interactions producing a Curie temperature as high as 14 K. This behavior is characteristic for the incipient mixed-valence regime just above the transition pressure and traced back to the release of a small concentration of free charge carriers in the material. The steep decrease of both the Curie temperature and ordered magnetic moment occurring at higher pressures emphasizes the role of Kondo fluctuations, and raises the interesting possibility that a quantum critical transition to a non-magnetic ground state of mixed-valence Tm might take place around 6 GPa.


A novel spoken keyword search grammar representation framework is proposed to combine the advantages of conventional keyword-filler based keyword search (KWS) and the LVCSR-based KWS systems. The proposed grammar representation allows keyword search systems to be flexible on keyword target settings as in the LVCSR-based keyword search. In low-resource scenarios it also provides the system with the ability to achieve high keyword detection accuracies as in the keyword-filler based KWS systems and to attain a low false alarm rate inherent in the LVCSR-based KWS systems. In this paper the proposed grammar is realized in three ways by modifying the language models used in LVCSR-based KWS. Tested on the evalpart1 data of the IARPA Babel OpenKWS13 Vietnamese tasks, experimental results indicate that the combined approaches achieve a significant ATWV improvement of more than 50% relatively (from 0.2093 to 0.3287) on the limited-language-pack task, while a 20% relative ATWV improvement (from 0.4578 to 0.5486) is observed on the full-language-pack task.


We present data from detailed observations of CityWall, a large multi-touch display installed in a central location in Helsinki, Finland. During eight days of installation, 1199 persons interacted with the system in various social configurations. Videos of these encounters were examined qualitatively as well as quantitatively based on human coding of events. The data convey phenomena that arise uniquely in public use: crowding, massively parallel interaction, teamwork, games, negotiations of transitions and handovers, conflict management, gestures and overt remarks to co-present people, and "marking" the display for others. We analyze how public availability is achieved through social learning and negotiation, why interaction becomes performative and, finally, how the display restructures the public space. The multi-touch feature, gesture-based interaction, and the physical display size contributed differentially to these uses. Our findings on the social organization of the use of public displays can be useful for designing such systems for urban environments.


Distributed RDF repositories have become a hot spot of Semantic Web, distributed hash table (DHT) mecha-nisms provide efficient search capabilities without storing global indexing and are hence scalable to large RDF repositories. Existing systems mainly focus on distributing triples uniformly, however, geographic data has its particularity that there are many topological relations between spatial objects, which causes existing systems are not well-suited for geographic data. In this paper, we introduce a scalable Peer-to-Peer semantic information processing system based on content addressable network (CAN), the system focuses on spatial data and preserves spatial locality information by storing triples connected with its coordinates in the real world. Our system supports binary topological relations matching and topological range queries. The experiments demon-strates that the system is scalable and performs better than state-of-the-art systems in the field of geospatial semantic.


Laser processing method and system (2), working on the substrate (102) using the laser processing parameters of three different sets, it is intended to produce a different surface effect in the substrate (102). Forming a recess (106) in the substrate by using the first set of laser parameters. Polishing the surface (108) of the recess (106) using the second set of laser parameters. Changing the polishing surface (108) of the recess (106) so as to have an optical characteristic which satisfies the condition for the desired appearance with the third set of laser parameters.


Non-universal boundary conditions in grand unified theories can lead to non-universal gaugino masses at the unification scale. In R-parity preserving theories the lightest supersymmetric particle is a natural candidate for the dark matter. We have studied the composition of the lightest neutralino in non-universal gaugino mass cases from the SU(5), and implications on the dark matter. In the representations of SU(5) thermal relic density agreeing with WMAP is found. The possibility to observe the neutral MSSM Higgs bosons (h/H/A) at the LHC via neutralino cascades when the lightest neutralino is dark matter, is discussed for the representation 24, and the connection to dark matter is established.


The invention relates to a terminal (I) for the electrical connection of a plurality of electrical generators (1), in particular wind generators, to an electrical transmission network, wherein the terminal (I) for each generator stage (Li) comprises an electrical series circuit in this order, from an AC / DC converter (7), a first intermediate circuit (9), a DC / DC converter (10) and a second intermediate circuit (11) for interworking.


In this month's comment Editor Siobhan Lismore-Scott discusses whether or not China is taking its pledge to be a more environmentally-friendly miner seriously and outlines opportunities in ceramics markets and, ahead of this month's Indaba meeting, in Africa.

Graphite dust has contributed to severe air and water pollution in Luobei county and Jixi city, creating what is being described as'graphite rain'. This has sparked complaints from both residents and business owners, thrusting the province, which produced 43% of the world's 420,000 tpa flake graphite in 2012, into the spotlight.E

"Everyone is on edge when Ministry of Environmental Protection or local bureau inspections are underway," Ming writes: "It was an open secret that when the monitors came we would cut working to get the figures up to standard. What's more, the online monitoring equipment they installed could be fooled - the total emission figures only covered some outlets, others were not monitored," he added.


The use of a point diffraction interferometer (PDI) to characterize highly aberrated wavefronts (HAWs) is proposed. The PDI is a cheap and robust interferometer that allows recording several interferograms within a region of interest (ROI). Since each individual interferogram does not usually provide fringes covering all the ROI, the aim of this communication is to develop a procedure for the joint fit of a common expansion functions able to calculate the phase in the whole ROI.


This titling project's main objective is the design of an optical network with FTTH G-PON technology for Oyambarillo neighborhood, which is located in the rural parish of Canton Tababela Quito. To which occurs in the first instance the concepts related to the principles and foundations of optical networks, basic elements of a network, types of optical networks and their applications. The fundamentals of design for an optical network FTTH G-PON are then described, based on the ITU-T current regulations and details of passive and active elements that interview in the optical network G-PON for Oyambarillo neighborhood Tababela explained.


As a multifunctional cytokine, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) exerts a series of biological actions in different cells, tissues, organs, and species and has been demonstrated to regulate and interfere with energy metabolism, especially lipid homeostasis. A large body of researches suggested that the effects of TNF‐α on lipid metabolism mainly include five aspects: (1) suppresses free fatty acid (FFA) uptake and promotes lipogenesis; (2) induces lipolysis; (3) inhibits lipid‐metabolism‐related enzymes activity; (4) regulates cholesterol metabolism; (5) regulates other adipocyte‐derived adipokines. The molecular mechanisms underlying these actions are complex and several signal transduction pathways might be involved. Regulation of metabolism‐related gene expression at transcriptional and protein levels and impact on enzymes activity might be of importance. Identification and verification of these pathways might provide novel potential strategies and drug targets for dyslipidemia therapy. However, the inconsistent and even conflict conclusions on lipid profile drawn from human subjects after infliximab therapy poses the possibility that the effect of TNF‐α on lipid metabolism might be more complicated than it appeared to be. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Background The Advanced Crash Analysis Program (ACAP) was initiated by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Office of Safety R&D of the Turner Fairbank Highway Research Center (TFHRC) in December 2008. ACAP continues FHWA efforts to promote the application of finite element (FE) models and crash simulations to 1) design and analyze various types of roadside hardware (e.g., sign supports, guardrails, and concrete barriers); 2) assess vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-barrier impact compatibility; 3) investigate the causes of various types of crashes including rollovers; 4) formulate improved guidelines for the selection and deployment of roadside safety or security hardware; and 5) develop concepts for new roadside treatments. These efforts are expected to result in new treatment options that can be used to mitigate current or emerging safety or security problems; confirm or expand the findings of other analyses and testing; and/or improve hardware application effectiveness.


ABPSH40/ PTFE composite membranes were prepared by casting ABPSH40 resin solution onto the surface of modified porous PTFE films. Microstructure of the composite membranes was studied by SEM, the methanol permeability was analyzed by GC, and the proton conductivity was investigated by AC impedance. Results showed that the ABPSH40 resin is well plugged into the micropores of PTFE. Compared with ABPSH40 membranes, the dimensional stability and mechanical strength of the composite membranes are both apparently improved. The ABPSH40/ PTFE composite membranes have lower methanol permeability and a comparable proton conductivity with Nafion membrane. It is prospectively that the ABPSH40/ PTFE composite membranes can be used in DMFC.


A man in his mid-80s presented with bilateral posterior fracture dislocations of the humerus after suffering a seizure. He had Parskinson's disease and lived with his wife at home. His left shoulder was not felt to be reconstructable. The initial treatment plan was to perform reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) on the left and non-operatively reduce his right shoulder. A left rTSA was performed, but his right shoulder was unstable due to a glenoid fracture and soft tissue instability. In order to preserve the patient's quality of life, a right rTSA was performed 4 days later. In the follow-up period, the patient was able to regain enough pain-free range of motion on activities of daily living. The patient died from complications of Parkinson's disease 10 months postoperatively.


In the current paper, particular acheivments of single-valued neutrosophic continuity on a singlevalued neutrosophic topological space (?̃?, ?̃?, ?̃? , ?̃?) are introduced. Some necessary implications between them are illustrated. The theories of r-single-valued neutrosophic compact, r-single-valued neutrosophic ideal compact, r-single-valued neutrosophic quasi H-closed and r-single-valued neutrosophic compact modulo an single-valued neutrosophic ideal Ĩ are presented and investigated.


The limestone-shale sequence at Tse-Kucha belongs to the Albian Asu River Group deposited during the first marine transgressive cycle in the Benue Trough. They however vary compositionally in mineralogy and texturally from fine to coarse grained. The compositional disparities between the samples of the limestone imposes corresponding differences in their industrial utilization. Assessment of the limestone suggested a wider range of industrial utilization beyond the present day application. For example, the highly calcitic limestone (60.04%) which is characterized by high CaO (43.8-53.3%) and low amount of MgO (0.44-1.06%) constitute suitable raw materials for the cement production, agriculture, metallurgical purification in blast furnace, lime manufacture, chalk, plaster and other filler applications. Apart from silica which varies from 2.1-10.0%, other impurities in the limestone are less than 1%. In view of the critical need of limestone in more strategic sectors of the economy, such as, iron and steel, agriculture, metallurgical purification/processes in blast furnace, lime manufacture industries, it is recommended that Government should exercise control measures over their exploitation for less profitable ventures. High quality burnt bricks and polished rock slabs could adequately substitute for sandcrete blocks produced from cement, which in many cases unaffordable to the peasants in the community.


Following an initial cleaning-up step on the SD 300 macroporous resin, three flavonoid glycosides including swertisin, isoorientin-7, 3'-dimethyl ether, and tricin-7-O-glycoside were isolated and purified by high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) from sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) juice. Preparative HSCCC with a two-phase solvent system composed of ethyl acetate - n-butanol - water (9:1:10, v/v/v) was successfully performed by eluting the lower mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.5 ml/min under a revolution speed of 900 rpm. The isolation produced a total of 19.7 mg of swertisin, 38.3 mg of isoorientin-7, 3'-dimethyl ether, and 8.5 mg of tricin-7-O-glycoside from 250 mg of crude extract (3.58 g crude extract was obtained from 40 L sugarcane juice) in one-step elution. The purity of each compound was over 97% as determine by HPLC. The chemical identities of these components were confirmed by MS and 1H NMR. This separation method was more effective than some conventional techniques.


In the paper are considered the mechanisms for secured data processing in distributed databases (DB). The main components of the control system for montoring of the data security server are presented. The security monitoring mechanisms based on the data processing acceleration are suggested. Also, there is performed the experimental analysis of the suggested mechanisms effectiveness on the time of data searching and retrieving. Figs.: 3. Tab.: 1. Refs.: 10 titles.


The present is study focus field investigation, beach profile measurement, tidal water level and ground water level through water level pressure sensor and piezometers Well water level fluctuation supplemented by experimental design. Apart from these studies the passive characteristic features such as size, shape, roundness, porosity and permeability of beach sediment with different characteristic are accountable for this study. The hydraulic condition of the study area mainly composed on the elevation and beach groundwater table. The groundwater levels of all tube wells or piezometric wells at vellappatti beach are controlled by wave and tidal impact due to the subsurface condition of the soil deposition and evolution of Van Island. The above experimental data plotted time vs piezometric level is increase slowly, constant, fast, irregularly patterns used for the factors. The supporting of dumpy level data and 2D Electrical Resistivity imaging technique is used for the comparative study. Key word : Hydraulics, beach, water level, Piezometric, Vellappatti.


The design methodology presented in this paper simultaneously performs scheduling, allocation and module selection using problem-space genetic algorithm (PSGA) to optimize the three items: (1) the hardware resources (i.e., functional units, registers, and interconnection cost), (2) the number of control steps and (3) the length of the clock period. The proposed PSGA based approach uses the inherent parallelism provided by genetic algorithms and exploits the problem-specific knowledge by using a simple and fast heuristic to search a large design space effectively and efficiently. The proposed PSGA method offers several advantages such as the versatility, simplicity, objective independence and the computational advantages for problems of large size over other existing techniques. Experiments on benchmarks show very promising results.


I return to Siegfried Kracauer's questions regarding cinema's capacity to illuminate the state of our political environment through film aesthetics, now within the context of neoliberal economic policy. During Industrialization, norms for the urban center and its technologies were not yet set in stone. Kracauer tracked aesthetic variations and mass interest as commercial cinema eventually settled into traditional Hollywood form. Now, traditional aesthetic boundaries between art and Hollywood cinema begin to blur amidst the "anything goes" media environment derived from rampant deregulation and the era of digital media. I am therefore interested in whether there remains a difference between commercial and art cinema and how we might define revolutionary cinema under postmodernism. For this, I propose an affective genre of politically resistant cinema and explore the process of tracking it in the age of digital media. INDEX WORDS: Neoliberalism, Affect theory, Frankfurt school, Hollywood, Critical theory, Film theory A RETURN TO COMMERCIAL CINEMA IN A DIGITAL AGE: REROUTING THE AFFECTIVE IMPULSE UNDER NEOLIBERALISM


The objective of Genesis is to test and evaluate the effectiveness of a portable, digital personal communications device (PCD). Use of a PCD overcomes the static-location limitation of a fixed receiver, which is commonly found with many intelligent vehicle highway systems. PCD's will provide travelers with real-time, route-specific information on the operating conditions of highway and mass transit systems. Travelers will use this information to make informed modal, route, and re-routing decisions. This paper presents the ongoing Genesis operational test, and highlights progress to date. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD 868006.


Generation of pretilt angles in a nematic liquid crystal (NLC) using an in situ photoalignment method with polarized UV exposure during imidization of polyimide (PI) on two kinds of PI surfaces with side chains was investigated. The pretilt angles of NLC generated using the in situ photoalignment method were smaller than those generated using a conventional photoalignment method for a short UV exposure time. Also, the pretilt angles of NLC generated using the in situ photoalignment method increase with increasing UV exposure time on PI surfaces. Finally, the pretilt angles of NLC can be improved by annealing.


Most people care about someone or something, or even many others or things. But who and how we care is diverse and at times problematic, even fraught. This became particularly evident to me in recent research during which I interviewed a diverse range of farmers in Australia as they tackled the manifestations of climate change (see Roelvink and Zolkos 2011, Roelvink 2016). Some of these farmers 'care-with' (Tronto 2017) other species on the farm as collaborators in a farming collective that is catering for a diverse range of more than human needs. Others, while caring deeply for the environment and other species, have been much criticised for their relationship of mastery over nature in the service of humans. The difference in these relationships is important; it shapes how farmers respond to landscape degradation, amongst other issues. In a relationship of mastery, farmers' care for the land is restricted to attempts to control other species. In contrast, when farmers see themselves as caring with others they must learn from other species and in particular how the needs of other species can be met in conjunction with their own. María Puig de la Bellacasa's fantastic book, Matters of Care: Speculative Ethics in More than Human Worlds, explores this complex and messy terrain of care, where 'the question of "how to care?" is insistent but not easily answerable' (Puig de la Bellacasa, p. 7). Matters of Care is divided into two parts; the first focuses on knowledge and 'technoscience' and the second on ethics and 'naturecultures'. While it is certainly worth reading the entire book, it is the second part of the book that I found particularly useful for exploring the connection between different types of care and different kinds of relationships between humans and other species. And it is in the second half of the book (especially in chapter five) that Puig de la Bellacasa directly tackles the problem of care for other species in the context of farming, and in particular how the paradigm of productionism in industrialised agriculture shapes relationships of care. She pays particular attention to the relationship between soil science and economic productionism, where soil has come to be viewed primarily as an input into agricultural production centred on maximum yield with greatest efficiency. When soil is treated as a service for humans, or as an ingredient into human production, it is ultimately seen as an object. This creates an instrumental relationship between humans and soil, where soil is to be managed and controlled:


Factors influencing the use of foreign medical journals by medical staff of Fuzhou General Hospital,Nanjing Military Command Area in 2008,were analyzed.Some suggestions were put forward for increasing their use by strengthening their acquisition,management and service.


In this issue of Reading & Writing Quarterly: Overcoming Learning Difficulties, the use of Curriculum-Based Measurement (CBM), an evidence-based system that teachers, schools, or districts can use for screening, progress monitoring, and decision making (Deno, 1985), is discussed as it relates to students from diverse student populations. In this issue, diversity refers specifically to ethnic, academic, and language diversity. An integral part of the CBM system is the use of technically adequate measures (usually 1–3min in duration) of student performance that serve as indicators of students' overall proficiency in academic areas. The results of these measures are graphed, goals are set for students, and teachers continually examine the data to make determinations about instructional changes that might be necessary. CBM is supported by more than 25 years of research (Stecker, Fuchs, & Fuchs, 2005); it has been used across grade levels from prekindergarten to secondary (e.g., Espin & Tindal, 1998; Espin et al., 2008; Kaminski & Good, 1998; Shinn, 1989); in a variety of academic areas, such as reading, mathematics, written expression, spelling, and the content areas (e.g., Busch & Espin, 2003; Shinn, 1989); and in both general and special education (e.g., Fuchs, Fuchs, Hamlett, Phillips, & Bentz, 1994; Schulte, Villwock, Whichard, & Stallings, 2001). Since the incorporation of response to intervention (RTI) into the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004, many more schools have been using CBM as a method for the school-wide screening of all students three times per year and the progress monitoring of at-risk students on a frequent basis. One of the important factors to consider when using a research-based technique such as CBM is whether the research has been conducted with the population for which one hopes to use the technique. In the area of


The purpose of this study is find the variation of the diffusion patterns of the suspended load according to the dredging operations and tidal residual currents in the Saemangeum area. we are to find that method for minimizes the anti-function caused by the dredging operations and the possibility of...


Simple Summary Colorectal cancer is the most frequent neoplasm in Western countries, the second most frequent neoplasm after breast cancer in women and the third most frequent neoplasm after prostate and lung cancer in men. Early diagnosis and disease screening are based on a fecal occult blood test, which, if positive, is complemented by colonoscopy. Currently, efforts are underway to find alternatives to the fecal occult blood test for various reasons. First, there is an ongoing attempt to increase the participation of the population to be screened. Second, there is a need to decrease the number of false positives to reduce the number of unnecessary colonoscopies. A urine test could be more widely accepted than a fecal test, and this is the scenario for which urinary metabolomics and volatilome studies are being developed. Our review provides the first exhaustive evaluation of metabolomics and volatilomics for the determination of colorectal cancer in urine. Abstract To increase compliance with colorectal cancer screening programs and to reduce the recommended screening age, cheaper and easy non-invasiveness alternatives to the fecal immunochemical test should be provided. Following the PRISMA procedure of studies that evaluated the metabolome and volatilome signatures of colorectal cancer in human urine samples, an exhaustive search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus found 28 studies that met the required criteria. There were no restrictions on the query for the type of study, leading to not only colorectal cancer samples versus control comparison but also polyps versus control and prospective studies of surgical effects, CRC staging and comparisons of CRC with other cancers. With this systematic review, we identified up to 244 compounds in urine samples (3 shared compounds between the volatilome and metabolome), and 10 of them were relevant in more than three articles. In the meta-analysis, nine studies met the criteria for inclusion, and the results combining the case-control and the pre-/post-surgery groups, eleven compounds were found to be relevant. Four upregulated metabolites were identified, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, L-dopa, L-histidinol, and N1, N12-diacetylspermine and seven downregulated compounds were identified, pyruvic acid, hydroquinone, tartaric acid, and hippuric acid as metabolites and butyraldehyde, ether, and 1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene as volatiles.


Summary form only given. It was shown experimentally that a system of two dust particles can have stable orientations with the particles aligned either parallel or perpendicular with respect to the direction of plasma flow, with stability determined by the ratio of the confinement strengths in the horizontal and vertical directions and the interparticle forces. The horizontal alignment corresponds to a regime dominated by symmetric particle interactions. In the vertical alignment, the lower particle strongly interacts with the wake of the upper particle. Here, analyses of transitions in a two-particle dust structure in a plasma sheath under various discharge conditions are presented. The transitions occur in two stages including discontinuous and continuous ones. The two-stage character can be attributed to the existence of multiple equilibria for the vertically aligned dust system and the system hopping from one equilibrium to another. The dynamics of the transition from the vertical to the horizontal state is explored in detail. It is shown that the alignment transition involves an additional first-order critical phenomenon followed by a second order symmetry-breaking transition. Two dust particles suspended in the sheath engage in a symmetrical Debye-type interaction as well as an asymmetric attractive interaction due to ion focusing of the vertically streaming plasma. Furthermore, in addition to the linear vertical sheath electric field, which stabilises the particles against the force of gravity, a linear radial electric field is typically applied to trap the particles within the centre of the discharge. The combination of perpendicular electric fields breaks the spherical symmetry of the plasma potential to cylindrical symmetry about the vertical axis with a perpendicular plane of reflection. We report a new model developed and tested for dust particle interactions in a plasma sheath. The model has revealed new features on the static behaviour of the vertical dust particles in terms of existence of previously unknown equilibria and also on the dynamics of the vertical to horizontal transition. The model can be used to explain experimental behaviour of dust particles which previously was without theoretical underpinning. Quantitative comparison has also been performed, giving new insight into the wake parameters.


The world market's increasing demands for lightweight constructions as a means of reducing fuel consumption in transportation systems, together with shrinking materials resources, are becoming factors of major importance. These aspects are further underlined by current efforts aimed at reducing the greenhouse-gas emissions caused by production processes. In this context, considerate use of energy-intensive materials, such as aluminum, plays a major role.This increasingly important interplay between technological development, simulation of production processes and problems of integration are reflected in this interesting collection of peer-reviewed articles by leading experts in their fields. It outlines key aspects of the theoretical and experimental work involved in setting up a processing route. It will be invaluable reading material for all of those working in process design.


Traditional ray-based methods for microseismic event localization require picking of P- and S-wave first arrivals, which is often time consuming. Polarization analysis for each event is often also needed to determine its absolute location. Location methods based on reverse time extrapolation avoid the need for first-arrival time picking. Traditional reverse time extrapolation only incorporates particle velocity or displacement wavefields. This is an incomplete approximation of the acoustic representation theorem, which leads to artifacts in the back-propagation process. For instance, if the incomplete approximation is used for microseismic event locations using three-component (3C) borehole recordings, it produces a ghost event on the opposite side of the well, which leads to ambiguous interpretations. We have developed representation-theorem-based reverse time extrapolation for microseismic event localization, combining the 3C particle velocities (displacements) and the pressure wavefield. The unwanted ghost location is removed by explicitly incorporating a wavefield and its spatial derivative. Moreover, polarization analysis is not needed, because wavefields will focus at its absolute location during back propagation. Determination of microseismic event locations using wavefield extrapolation also necessitates a robust focusing criterion. The Hough transform allows for accurate determination of source timing and location by summing wavefront energy in the time-space domain. Synthetic examples demonstrated the good performance of the wavefield extrapolation scheme and focusing criterion in complex velocity fields for borehole acquisition geometries.


The application of an array processor to laser velocimeter data processing is presented. The hardware is described along with the method of parallel programming required by the array processor. A portion of the data processing program is described in detail. The increase in computational speed of a microcomputer equipped with an array processor is illustrated by comparative testing with a minicomputer.


Uranium(VI) was determined by square wave adsorptive stripping voltammetry on a rotating-disc mercury-film electrode using 8-hdyroxyquinoline as a complexing agent (batch mode), or, alternatively, on a wall jet mercury-film electrode with cupferron as complexing agent (flow-through mode). For the flow-through configuration, the combination of a novel wall jet cell with an automated flow system and a commercial computer-controlled potentiostat allowed complete keyboard control of the sequence of operations. Both continuous flow and flow injection (FI) schemes for preconcentration were assessed, and various instrumental parameters are discussed. Linearity held typically for a concentration range of two orders of magnitude (for 60 s preconcentration). It was found that, whereas the batch and continuous-flow modes are more suitable for the determination of lower concentrations of UVI( 10–7 mol l–1). The batch and flow methods were, finally, applied to the determination of UVI in a reference sea-water sample with accuracies of 7.2 and 4.2%, respectively, and relative standard deviations of 7.8 and 8.3%, respectively.


Background : Although the buttons on smartphone applications are usually oblong rectangular, researchers who studied the efficiency buttons on touch screen devices have focused on square buttons. This study examined the rate of successful manipulation of the buttons with enough length on smartphones according to their widths. Methods : In the first experiment, the subjects were asked to manipulate the 0.3mm wide buttons on an HTML document shown on the smart phone. If they failed the manipulation test, they were given 0.7mm wide buttons in the second trial. If they failed again, the width of the buttons was increased by 0.7mm until they succeeded in manipulation, and the rate of successful manipulation of the buttons was examined. The second experiment was conducted for the vertical type and horizontal type with widths of 2.8mm, 3.4mm, 4.1mm, and 4.8mm, respectively, of which were not used in many manipulation attempts in the first experiment. Tests for all the buttons which were used in the second experiment were conducted regardless of success or failure in the preceding trials. Results : The success rate in the trials involving smart phones with buttons greater than 4.8mm in width in the vertical type and 4.1mm in width in the horizontal type was higher than 90%. The success rate in the trials involving smart phones with horizontal buttons 4.8mm in width was higher than 95%. Conclusion : These results show evidently different rates than those for square buttons. A success rate of higher than 90% was found in the trials involving smart phones with oblong buttons of widths that were half as wide as the square buttons. In addition to the purpose of the research, it appeared that the rate of successful manipulation of the buttons was higher in horizontal buttons than in vertical buttons when the width was the same.


This study evaluated the knowledge and skills, the attitudes, the behaviors of general practitioners, paramedics, emergency medical technicians (EMT) about cardiopulmonary rescucitation (CPR) practices, and the influencing factors. A total of 451 subjects working in 112 emergency ambulance services were included in the study. Of the participants, 61.2% were female and 38.8% were male. Of the personel, 8.6% were general practitioners, 14.6% were paramedics, 61.2% were EMTs, 15.5% were nurses and medical officers. A questionnaire form composed of 36 questions about demographic data and data which could influence the knowledge level was used. Descriptive statistics were performed and marginal tables were created. The age range was 25-34 years in 48.3% of the participants; 26.2% had been working for emergency services for 7-10 years. Of the participants, 83.1% were working in 112 emergency health units, and 16.9% were working at the command control center. When the participants were asked how frequent the courses should be, 49% of the participants stated that it should be carried out once a year, 12% said that it should be given once every 5 years, and 17% stated that the course should be repeated whenever new data are added to the literature or when the CPR guidelines change. Forty-eight percent of the participants responded as 'yes', and 1% as 'absolutely no' to the question 'Do you think that you perform CPR as required?'. Our questionnaire study indicates that education programs should be developed for the personnel working at prehospital health services, and that these programs should be repeated annualy for increasing the practice and to improve the knowledge level of the workers


In this paper, we consider a certain King type operators which includes general families of Sz´ asz-Mirakjan, Baskakov, Post-Widder and Stancu operators. By introducing two parameter family of Lipschitz type space, which provides global approximationfortheabovementionedoperators,weobtaintherateofconvergence of this class. Furthermore, we give local approximation results by using the first and the second modulus of continuity.


South Africa has a firm commitment to improve the qualifications of it's people and most financial institutions offer preferntial student loans to those who show a commitment to improve their skills and make a difference in the country. Applying for a...


The present paper is devoted to the study of some morphological changes in the laelapid genus Gaeolaelaps, based on observations on G. queenslandicus (Womersley, 1956), G. angustus (Karg, 1965) and G. tripodiger (Berlese, 1916) [new comb]. According to our observations on the type material of G. angustus, previous redescription of G. queenslandicus (sensu Costa 1966, based on holotype), specimens of this species from Australia and numerous specimens from Iran identified as either G. angustus or G. queenslandicus, notable variations were observed in some morphological characters, which had previously been considered as distinguishing features between the two species. Our analysis indicates that these morphological differences represent intraspecific variation, and therefore the two species names are synonyms. Furthermore, observation of type material of G. tripodiger shows that the two first mentioned species are junior synonyms of G. tripodiger. The original descriptions of G. trifurcatus (Wang and Li, 1965) [new comb.] and G. trifurcatoides (Yan and Ma, 1999) ([new comb.] show no authentic morphological difference from G. tripodiger and those are also junior synonyms of the later. The oldest available name for this species is Gaeolaelaps tripodiger. However, that name is almost unknown, and to use it as a valid name would cause taxonomic confusion. Therefore, we continue to use the widely known name Gaeolaelaps queenslandicus for this species, in the interests of stability.


But what is a sorting algorithm? The output of a sorting algorithm is the input elements – in a certain order. That is, a sorting algorithm for n elements outputs a permutation π of JnK = {1, . . . , n}. Formally, if the input is x1, . . . , xn the output is a permutation π of JnK, such that xπ(1) < xπ(2) < . . . < xπ(n). Initially all n! permutations are possible, but as the algorithm performs comparisons, and as the algorithm descend in the tree it rules out some of these orderings as not being feasible. For example, the root r of the decision tree of Figure 34.1 have all possible 6 permutations as a possible output; that is,


The technical process characteristics of stamping process for connector terminal have been analyzed in the text.The position layout design and key design of die structure for stamping this part have been introduced,as well as the technical process of main parts such as male and female die.It is proved in practice that the die with explicit,clear,and reliable structure can make good product quality and high productivity,which provides reference to the design of progressive die about this kind of parts.


The main purpose of this study is to investigate the impacts of e-business, e-negotiation and trust building specifically on online e-agribusiness performance. The existing trend of online base e-agribusiness has rise some implication on current and future performance among agribusiness firms especially on the big potential of e-business and e-negotiation to agribusiness sectors. This preliminary study was conducted among fifty Master of Business Administration (MBA) students in University Utara Malaysia where all of them are familiar with agribusiness sector. The finding obtained from this study indicated that there was a significant (2 tailed significant) relationship between independent variables (e-business, e-negotiation, and trust building) and dependent variable (e-agribusiness performance). In sum, the result obtained from this study indicated that four hypotheses tested in this study were accepted.


OBJECTIVES
Alzheimer's disease (AD), also known as senile dementia, is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive impairment and personality changes. Numerous evidences have suggested that microRNAs(miRNAs) are involved in the pathogenesis and development of AD. However, the exact role of miR-335-5p in the progressionof AD is still not clearly clarified.

METHODS
The protein and mRNA levels were measured by western blotand RNA extraction and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), respectively. The relationship between miR-335-5p and c-jun-N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) was confirmed by dual luciferase reporter assay. SH-SY5Y cells were transfected with APP mutant gene to establish the in vitro AD cell model. Flow cytometry and western blot were performed to evaluate cell apoptosis. The APP/PS1 transgenic mice was used as an in vivo AD model.Morris water maze test was performed to assess the effect of miR-335-5p on the cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 transgenic mice.

RESULTS
The JNK3 mRNA expression and protein levels of JNK3 and β-Amyloid (Aβ) were significantly up-regulated,and the mRNA expression of miR-335-5p was down-regulated in the brain tissues of AD patients. The expression levels of miR-335-5p and JNK3 were significantly inversely correlated. Further, dual Luciferase assay verified the relationship between miR-335-5p and JNK3. Overexpression of miR-335-5p obviously decreased the protein levels of JNK3 and Aβ and inhibited apoptosis in SH-SY5Y/APPswe cells, whereas the inhibition of miR-335-5p obtained the opposite results. Moreover, the overexpression of miR-335-5p remarkably improved cognitive abilities of APP/PS1 mice.

CONCLUSION
The results revealed that the increased JNK3 expression, negatively regulated by miR-335-5p, maybe a potential mechanism that contributes to Aβ accumulation and AD progression, indicating a novel approach for AD treatment.