Introduction: Four-dimensional (4D) flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables kinetic energy (KE) quantification of intraventricular blood flow. In this study we aimed to quantify the KE in in patients with univentricular heart and to assess the change in the KE after different types of interventions. Methods: 4D flow MRI was acquired in patients with Fontan circulation (n=12; median age 12, range 3-29 years) and in healthy volunteers (n =8; median age 26, range 23-36 years). MRI was repeated after transcatheter embolization of significant aortopulmonary collaterals (APC; n = 1), after stenting of left pulmonary artery (n=1) and after surgical replacement of hepatic flow tunnel with a Y graft due to significant central pulmonary artery stenosis with secondary formation of arteriovenous (AV) fistulas in the right lung (n= 1). Intraventricular KE was calculated throughout the cardiac cycle and indexed to stroke volume (SV). Results: The systole/diastole ratio of KE in Fontan patients was similar to the ratio of the controls' left ventricle (LV) or right ventricle (RV) depending on the ventricular morphology (Cohens kappa =1.0). Peak systolic KE/SV did not differ in patients compared to the LV in controls (0.016 ± 0.006 mJ/ml vs 0.020 ±0.004 mJ/ml, p= 0.09). Peak diastolic KE/SV in Fontan patients was lower than in the LV of the control group (0.028 ±0.010 vs 0.057± 0.011 mJ/ml, p (Less)


The results of this qualitative descriptive study explain the re-actualization of the creative behavior of employees in building the image of public services at the Tourism and Culture Office of Sinjai Regency. The theoretical implication of the re-actualization of human creative behavior – hereinafter referred to as creativity – at the individual level is the basis for developing group creativity in organizations or vice versa. Based on this understanding, the current locus and focus of creativity research are not only limited to the creative behavior of students in the locus of education or schooling, as understood so far but also includes the creativity of all humans in public, private (business) and non-profit organizations. In the study of organizational development, multi-level human creativity is the core (base) of knowledge-based organizational development, the essence, and orientation of the capacity-building program, as well as the basis for efforts to build a satisfying or even happy public service image, both for employees (public service providers). within the organization as well as for citizens or society (service recipients).


A 1-week-old African infant male was admitted with an unusual constellation of findings. He was born after an uncomplicated, full-term first pregnancy of a 22-year-old mother. His parents were healthy and unrelated. The mother denied taking any medication during pregnancy. The infant was alert and did not appear ill. On examination several abnormalities were noted, including generalized hypertrichosis, most pronounced over the mid-back (Fig. 1), a dysmorphic facies with bilateral ectropion, hypertelorism, macrostomia, abnormally shaped ears, bulbous nose, and sparse eyebrows and eyelashes (Fig. 2). He also had hypoplasia of the nipples, transposition of the scrotum (shawl scrotum) (Fig. 3), club feet, a short neck, and laxity of the skin. A skin biopsy specimen from the right thigh showed an atrophic, slightly orthohyperkeratotic epidermis, and a thin reticular layer of dermis. Staining for elastic fibers showed a diminution in number and fragmentation (Fig. 4). The karyotype was normal. Radiographic examination of the axial skeleton, skull sonar, and abdominal echography were normal. Laboratory tests including full blood count, serum urea and electrolytes, serum proteins, liver enzymes, and glucose had normal results.


This book seeks to describe how management consulting has attained the prominence that it enjoys today. It delivers the most comprehensive and authoritative history of modern management consulting yet written. That the field of business history has up to now lacked a comprehensive account of such an important industry is perhaps surprising, and certainly disappointing. That McKenna has filled this gap is salutary. In the opening chapter, McKenna sets out his rationale for the development of the industry in the early part of the twentieth century. Essentially, he relies on the functional logic of transaction cost economics, and argues that the 'economies of knowledge' provided by consultants are greater than the external contracting costs incurred in using them. This, combined with regulation in the 1930s that prohibited other kinds of advisors (such as banks) from providing consulting services left client firms with little choice but to hire fledgling management consulting organizations. While coherent, this argument leaves some important questions unexplored. Did (and do) client firms really engage in a transaction-cost type of calculation that weighs the 'economies of knowledge' against the costs of external contracting? And even if so, how is it that management consultants became so 'knowledgeable' in the first place – knowledgeable enough to provide savings that outweigh the significant transaction costs surrounding this form of external contracting? A satisfying explanation of management consulting's spread would require developing this causal logic further. Chapter 2 begins the task of delving into individual histories of prominent consulting firms. Drawing heavily on published corporate histories, some written by or for the consulting firms themselves, this chapter focuses first on Arthur D. Little Inc. and Stone & Webster, firms that specialized in providing advice on research and development rather than general management or corporate strategy. McKenna quite rightly points out that these organizations, with their focus on science and engineering, never became the archetypal management consulting firm. The chapter also rightly dismisses the widely-held contention that modern management consulting descends from Taylorism. As McKenna points out, the limited applications and narrow views of the purveyors of Taylorism essentially led this form of advice-giving down a cul-de-sac. McKenna then makes the core point of the chapter: that modern management consulting has its roots in cost accounting. Firms such as McKinsey & Co., Ford, Bacon, & Davis, and Stevenson, Jordan, & Harrison eventually migrated from accounting to management consulting, leaving behind other accounting firms such as Arthur Anderson & Co. and Peat, Marwick, Mitchell & Co. to References


This thesis develops a demand driven solver for constraint based control flow analysis. Our approach is modular, flow-sensitive and scaling. It allows to efficiently construct the interprocedural control flow graph (ICFG) for object-oriented languages. The analysis is based on the formal semantics of a Java-like language. It is proven to be correct with respect to this semantics. The base algorithms are given and we evaluate the applicability of our approach to real world programs. Construction of the ICFG is a key problem for the translation and optimization of object-oriented languages. The more accurate these graphs are, the more applicable, precise and faster are these analyses. While most present techniques are flow-insensitive, we present a flow-sensitive approach that is scalable. The analysis result is twofold. On the one hand, it allows to identify and delete uncallable methods, thus minimizing the program's footprint. This is especially important in the setting of embedded systems, where usually memory resources are quite expensive. On the other hand, the interprocedural control flow graph generated is much more precise than those generated with present techniques. This allows for increased accuracy when performing data flow analyses. Also this aspect is important for embedded systems, as more precise analyses allow the compiler to apply better optimizations, resulting in smaller and/or faster programs. Experimental results are given that demonstrate the applicability and scalability of the analysis.


The present study had as objective to perform an epidemiological survey on radiolucent periapical lesions prevalence in a sample of 107 panoramic radiographs of patients in the graduation course in Dentistry school IMED. Patients included have panoramic radiographs performed in the year 2015 and with the term of Free and Informed Consent signed. The data collection regarded panoramic reports exams and radiographs. The criteria was: periapical lesion presence visible in radiographic, patient's gender, age, total number of teeth, dental element, arch and number of endodontic treatments. The data were organized and compared. The results showed that 53.3% of the radiographic reports had a periapical lesion. Most of the lesions were in the maxilla, with 58.5% of the occurrences and the most affected dental elements were 22 and 26. In conclusion, periapical lesions were more frequent in women in the upper arch on lateral incisors and upper first molars.


Studies on the magnetic isotopes effect of zinc 67Zn and magnesium 25Mg on the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration in living organisms were held in this work on the example of E. coli bacteria. External static magnetic fields 0-100 mT were used to enhance the effect of magnetic isotopes on intracellular processes. Enrichment of microorganisms with magnesium or zinc isotopes during growth changes the ATP concentration in cells depending on the type of isotope – magnetic or non-magnetic. The effect of weak magnetic fields of 0-10 mT stimulates the bacterial cell growth and the intracellular ATP concentration change. The maximum concentration of ATP was achieved by using a magnetic isotope of magnesium 25Mg and exposure of bacteria to the static magnetic fields 70-90 mT. Non-magnetic isotopes of magnesium or zinc and magnetic fields other than the ranges 0-10 and 70-90 mT can be used to decrease the rate of ATP synthesis.


We know some basic truths about the engineers who create consumer electronics. We know that these engineers have to respond to the market and that they are often working within an existing system, like the telephone system or the greater system that creates and distributes popular music. However, we also know that they ultimately put a box around their project and work as if everything outside of that box has no impact upon them. They make an assumption of orthogonality or posit an axiom of irrelevancy. While it is sometimes useful to an engineer as if you have identified everything that may affect your work, such an approach is always upended by the Crisco effect.


This paper addresses the relationship between tax and trade law, as embodied in the network of bilateral tax treaties and the multilateral agreements underlying the WTO. The paper argues that: (1) There is considerable overlap in the goals to be achieved by tax and trade agreements, and full achievement of these goals is not possible without addressing both tax and trade policies. (2) Tax treaties contribute to the avoidance of double taxation but, because of their bilateral nature, cannot effectively address the problem of double non-taxation resulting from tax competition. (3) The WTO agreements as currently drafted address some aspects of the tax competition issue (e.g., preferential tax regimes for trade in goods) but not others (competition for investment and trade in services, including traditional tax havens). (4) Fully achieving the goals of tax and trade agreements may require a multilateral agreement that will address services and investment issues, as well as goods. We remain agnostic whether the WTO or some other forum is the most appropriate one to effectuate such an agreement.


The issues concerning the media designing practices of social problems are considered in the article, namely, the practice of setting the agenda, the practice of priming and the practice of framing. Each of the above-mentioned practices of designing a social problem is considered within the framework of contemporary Ukrainian political realities regarding the so-called linguistic problem. Practices of influence on the process of challenging complex social circumstances make it possible to fix not only the result of influences, but also to understand the mechanism of the influence itself involved in this process.


─ In this paper is presented a general overview of studies which aim at developing new components to be used in buildings to improve energy savings without decreasing human thermal comfort. The main features of these studies are reminded and the paper is focused on the realisation and test of honeycomb panels filled with PCMs. Thermal response of panels is determined with a specific test bench and PCM effects are clearly shown. Modelling and numerical simulation allowed us to interpret experimental results.


Human peripheral blood lymphocytes from seven cancer patients were separated into two fractions, one rich in lymphocytes which could spontaneously form rosettes with sheep erythrocytes (T‐cells) and another poor in rosette‐forming cells. These two fractions were then tested for cytotoxic activity on cultivated tumor cells of the same histological type as the tumors of the respective lymphocyte donors. It was shown that T‐cell rich fractions had a higher cytotoxic activity than did the T‐cell poor fractions from the same patients. The findings indicate that human T‐cells can be cytotoxic, in vitro, against cultivated cells carrying tumor‐associated antigens.


PROVIDENCE – A researcher at the Cardiovascular Institute (CVI) at Rhode Island, The Miriam and Newport hospitals has found that a simple blood test can predict a person's risk for sudden cardiac death, enabling physicians to more quickly and accurately assess a patient's need for an implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD). That paper by SAMUEL C. DUDLEY, MD, PhD, chief of cardiology at the CVI, is published online in advance of print in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology. "This is the first test of its kind; never before have clinicians been able to accurately assess a patient's risk of sudden cardiac death by performing a blood test," Dr. Dudley said. "The primary prevention model for at-risk patients in the U.S. is to implant an ICD before a cardiac event happens. While it's better to be safe, this has led to widespread overuse of ICDs throughout the U.S. and abroad." Dr. Dudley continued, "With this blood test, we can refine the need for such a device, and instead implant the cardiac defibrillators only in the most severe cases of sudden cardiac death risk." The new blood test is in a pilot phase in a large, multisite trial led by Dr. Dudley and other researchers at Lifespan's CVI anticipated to start this fall. v


A PAIR OF Throughlines (10, 11) ANTENNA formed on upper and lower portions BLANK OUT OF AN AREA WHERE UNITE Throughlines TERMICOS (2) REMOVING THE FOG ON A GLASS (1) WINDOW OF A A MOTOR vEHICLE. ONE OF THE Throughlines (11B) ANTENNA IN THIS COUPLED RF (Radio Frequency) WITH Throughlines (2) HEAT TO REMOVE THE FOG, AND TERMINAL (11A) FEED THEM IS LOCATED IN A GLASS SIDE. THE OTHER THREAD (10) ANTENNA has a terminal (10A) SUPPLY SIDE PLACED IN ANOTHER GLASS. TWO RECEIVING SIGNALS IN complement each other due to the characteristic DIRECTIVITY ASIMETRICA OF Throughlines (10, 11) ANTENNA AND USED IN RECEIVING DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEM FOR RECEIVING A feature Omnidirectional.


Writting in the first person, Frank Long reminisces about his ten years in Berea, Kentucky, 1932-42, when he was commissioned and hired by the Works Progress Administration and then the Treasury Department's Section of Fine Arts to paint public murals for American federal buildings. Frequently he confesses his dislike for painting murals, his distaste for being a part of a "chauvinist American art" as espoused by the section and his anxiety that the contemporary and future art world would know him only as a Kentucky muralist. His anxiety aside, fifty years later Ms. Beckham writes: "Frank Long created more mural panels for more Depression post offices than any other single artist" and during the period was considered Kentucky's foremost artist. Born in Knoxville, Tennessee, Long had his art education in Philadelphia's Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, in Paris, and at the Art Institute of Chicago. Before leaving Chicago, he had been asked by the architectural firm of Philip Mahre to paint a mural in the home of Carbon Petroleum Dubbs, Wilmette, Illinois. From Chicago he came to Lexington, Kentucky, to assist his father, who was painting movie theater murals. Upon arrival in Lexington, he met Henry Warder Rannells, an Art Institute of Chicago graduate and head of the art department, University of Kentucky, who told him of a Public Works of Art Project for the newly built University of Kentucky Library. Bert Mullins, a wood turner and student at Berea College, sought out the Longs in Lexington for painting lessons and in turn found Frank a high ceilinged studio on the top floor ofthe Berea Bank and Trust. Long and Mullins shared this studio for a number ofyears and all ofLong's succeeding section mural commissions, except the Berea post office mural, were painted in this studio.


: The cycle of computer aided design and verification via physics simulation is often burdened by the use of separate tools for modeling and simulation, which requires conversion between formats, e.g. meshing for finite element simulation. This separation is often unavoidable because the tools contain specific domain knowledge which is mandatory for the task, for example a specific CAD modeling suite. We propose a distributed application that allows interactive modification of tetrahedral meshes, derived from existing CAD models. It provides immediate simulation feedback by offloading resource-intensive tasks onto multiple machines thereby enabling fast design cycles for individualized versions of mass-produced parts.


Introduction: Children with AIS and low bone quality may have higher risk of curve progression. Current bone quality assessment method does not evaluate directly from the spine region. We developed a new approach to capture the ultrasound (US) reflection coefficient (RC) signals which may relate to bone quality from the spine. We have demonstrated that the RC value had a moderate correlation with curve severity (r = 0.42) in a previous study. Objective: To investigate the reliability of US reflection coefficient (RC) measured on US spine images in children with AIS. Methods: Thirty children with AIS (24 F; 6 M) aged 14.0 ± 1.7 years old were consented and recruited. All participants were scanned by an US imager twice in standing positions. The raw US data were acquired and used to calculate the RC value. A custom software was developed to export the RC value automatically after the region of interest (ROI) was selected. Since the L5 is the least rotated vertebra and the lamina region reflected the strongest ultrasound signals, a rater selected the ROI around the lamina based on the US image. At each scan, approximately 25 frames of US images covered the lamina region of a single vertebra. A rater selected 5 frames within the 25 frames and identified the strongest RC values on both left and right laminae from each scan. RC values extracted from the first and second scans were extracted in a week apart to eliminate memory bias. The maximum RC value from the first and second scans were compared. The Pearson correlation coefficient (r), intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC [2,1]) and standard error of measurement (SEM) were reported. Results and Discussion: Among 30 images, 6 images were eliminated because of the unclear images on the L5 region. The mean ±SD of the maximum RC value for the first versus second scan were 0.20±0.09 vs 0.20±0.11. The mean±SD of the maximum RC values of the first versus second scan from the 1 week and the 2 week were (0.20±0.09 vs 0.20±0.11) and (0.21±0.11 vs 0.20±0.09), respectively. Overall, a moderate to good correlation and intra-rater reliability on RC index between scan 1 and 2 were found with r≥ 0.51 and ICC [2,1] ≥ 0.72. The overall SEM values between all measurements was ≤ 0.03. Clinical application on using RC index to predict progression of scoliosis will be explored. Conclusion and Significance: There was a moderate to good correlation (r ≥ 0.51) and reliability (ICC [2,1] ≥ 0.72) of RC index between the two repeated scans. The axial vertebral rotation may affect the RC measurements. The application of the RC value to predict progression of scoliosis will be performed in the near future.


A hybrid analog/digital STB includes a tuner supplying respective analog and digital television signal processing paths. The analog processing path provides demodulated composite analog video and audio signals and the digital processing path provides demodulated component digital video and audio signals. The demodulated analog and video signals are combined in composite or component form to achieve various desirable effects in a highly flexible system architecture. OSD and display map normalization functions are also integrated within the system architecture.


This paper deals with a simple tactile sensor model for extracting the feature of an object's surface and the experiment for classifying the shapes of grasped objects. The proposed model of tactile sensor consists of two layers: the surface layer and the sensor layer. The surface layer is made of an elastic material of which the mechanical properties are determined by the object's surface. These properties of the surface layer are expressed theoretically as the blurring function. It is important that the operation of blurring function is considered as an analogical concept to the receptive field in the visual sense. The sensor layer derives information from the multi-element sensors which are placed at equal intervals. The experiment on object classification by one time grasping was performed by using an artificial hand with the tactile sensors. The artificial hand with the five fingers is structurally identical to the skeleton of the human hand. Moreover, the joints of finger are independently actuated by micro-pneumatic cylinders except the first joint of the index finger which is controlled by a positional servo mechanism. The grasping process from the initial stage to the final stage of grasping the object is computer-controlled to follow the given sequence of a pattern of finger joints. Upon contact of tactile sensors with the object's surface when the object are tightly grasped by the fingers, the computer receives the data of sensor outputs and determines the types of surface at the contact point. Moreover, by the object's surface feature, classification is performed by a learning machine. 1. 緒 言


Images are imitations of factual world substances. Processing it to get better visualization is called as image processing. With the increasing availability and decreasing cost of satellite imagery, the Remote sensing image enhancement, segmentation and classification has become the most important research issue in field of Remote sensing. In this proposed work, Land sat 7 Remote Sensing images are considered. Initially the enhancement of satellite image is done using image enhancement techniques. Then the segmentation of satellite images has been done using Expectation Maximization(EM), Kernel-Means(K-Means), Kernel Fuzzy C-Means(KFCM) and Modified Kernel Fuzzy C-Means (MKFCM) algorithms. Results are obtained for different Land sat 7 Remote Sensing images. Finally quality measures such as mean square error, average difference, normalized cross correlation and error measurements like Peak signal to noise ratio, Normalized absolute error are calculated. KeywordsImage Enhancement, EM, K-Means, KFCM, MKFCM Algorithm.


Aim To investigate the inhibitory effect of biochanin A (BioA) on HIV-1 and the early activation of CD4+ lymphocytes. Methods The inhibitory activity of BioA on HIV-1 was detected by HIV-1-mediated cell fusion and p24 production, respectively. Double fluorescent staining together with flow cytometry were adopted to analyze the influence of BioA on the expression of the early activation antigen CD69 on human CD4+ lymphocytes under stimulation of PHA. Results BioA could reduce the cell fusion mediated by HIV-1 (EC50=5.1 μmol·L-1, SI=39), the expression of p24 (EC50=38 μmol·L-1,SI=5.2) and early activation antigen CD69 on human CD4+ lymphocytes (effective concentration: 5, 10, 25 and 50 μmol·L-1). Conclusion BioA can inhibit the activity of HIV-1 and the early activation of human CD4+ lymphocytes.


Aging effects of conductor surface conditions on AC corona discharges were investigated by means of comparing three typical aged conductors with the new ones. The aged conductors acquired from the AC power transmission lines had been used for 12, 15 and 20 years. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis were employed to characterize the morphologies and the compositions of the conductors respectively. As a result of many substances adhering to conductors, the surface of aged conductors became more coarse and unshaped than the new ones. AC Corona discharge characteristics of these conductors were studied in a small corona cage with an ultraviolet imaging instrument, the effects of the surface conditions on the corona discharges process were investigated, and the corona inceptions voltages could be obtained by the "tangent" method. The corona discharge intensity of the aged conductors was much stronger than the new ones; consequently, the corona inception voltages of aged conductors were 10%–25% lower than the new ones.


A novel two-arm hemispherical helical antenna is proposed in this paper. This antenna is composed with two wires winded on the hemisphere surface and fed by coaxial cable at the top joint. Characteristics of the antennas with different turns are analyzed by the moment method, results of which indicate that the ones with (4N+3)/4 turns have better characteristic in VSWR and axial ratio. A prototype antenna with 3.75 turns is made and measured. The results prove this antenna has the characteristics of great bandwidth broad angular range, and circular polarization, showing that it is of great value in satellite communication applications.


Hybrid components produced by two or more different process technologies grant the possibility to compensate the drawbacks of the used processes. The combination of additive manufacturing (AM) and forming offers geometrical freedom in extensions of geometrical simple parts in a cost-efficient way. Unlike the combination of bulk metal forming and AM, sheet metal forming and AM is less investigated. Especially for Ti-6Al-4V, which is widely used in AM but has a low formability at room temperature, research is still needed. In this study, the formability of hybrid parts made of Ti‑6Al‑V consisting of sheet material and additively manufactured elements (AME) is investigated for a hemispherical punch geometry. Thus, a designed tool for forming of hybrid parts at elevated temperatures is used. First investigations with a specially designed stretch forming tool demonstrate the distinct influence of the additively manufactured bodies on the stretch forming process of hybrid parts made of Ti‑6Al‑4V. Namely, the achievable drawing depth is reduced for hybrid parts as the functional elements are placed in the area of highest stresses, distorting material flow.


An earlier study on the development of measures of the home environment of elementary school students reported high levels of relationship between scores on these measures and students' performance on standardized ability and achievement tests. Since that report, considerable work has occurred in the area. A number of replications have been carried out in various locations with different groups. The results obtained in those studies agree closely with those obtained in the initial investigations. This article investigates another aspect of the study of home environments in a four-year follow-up of the original sample and reports that the relationships between the initial home environment measures are still highly predictive of measured scholastic ability and achievement four years later. INTRODUCTION An earlier article (Wolf, 1966) reported on the development of new instruments to measure aspects of the home environment of children. The article received a considerable amount of attention for two reasons. First, it reported on a new way of conceiving of and measuring the home environments of children. Second, my use of these new measures yielded stronger relationships between the home environment, measured scholastic aptitude, and school achievement than had previously been reported with measures of social status or economic well-being. This attention led to a number of studies that attempted to replicate the original findings with diverse groups of children in various locations. The new measures of home environment differed from previous ones such as social class measures in several distinct ways (Dave, 1963; Wolf, 1964). Following Bloom (1964), the new approach to the measurement of home environments was characterized by conceiving of specific environments for the development of particular characteristics. It was also characterized by attempting to measure environmental variables believed to be directly related to the development of specific characteristics and to summarize and relate environmental measurements to individual measurements. The first step in the development of new environmental measures was to compile a list of conditions and processes in the home environment that theory and previous research indicated were likely to influence the development of the characteristics of interest, namely, general intellectual ability and academic achievement. Separate lists of environmental process variables were developed for each characteristic. The home environment variables that were identified as likely to be related to general ability were: stimulation provided for intellectual growth, opportunities provided for and emphasis on verbal development, and provision for general types of learning in a variety of situations. The home environment variables identified as likely to be related to academic achievement were: the climate created for achievement motivation, opportunities provided for verbal development, the nature and amount of assistance provided in overcoming academic difficulties, the activity level of significant individuals in the home environment, the level of intellectuality in the home, and the kinds of work habits that were expected of the individual. Each environmental variable was further defined in terms of a number of environmental process characteristics. These traits consisted of specific behaviors of parents and others in the home that were likely to be related to general mental ability and academic achievement. For example, the environmental variable, which encompasses the climate for achievement motivation, was further defined by the parents' aspirations for their children's education, the parents' own aspirations, parental concern for academic achievement, parental emphasis placed in the home on academic achievement, the rewards accorded academic achievement, parents' knowledge of the educational progress, and the preparations made by parents for the achievement of their children's educational goals. …


Three-dimensional open framework selenides and tellurides are rare despite the recent progress in the synthesis of indium sulfides with large pore sizes; here we report a family of amine-directed indium selenide superlattices constructed from T3 supertetrahedral (In10Se18)6− clusters.


ABSTRACT: Castor oil (Ricinus Communis) is one of the most important source for industrial renewable oil. This is largely caused by the high content of ricinoleic acid in its oil glycerides. Further processingof castoroil may produce 12-hydroxystearic acid, which is the most important source for lubricant additive industry. The conversion to its lithium salt, it become a multipurpose additive which increase the properties of grease containing it. The experiment will study the production processes of hydrogenated castor oil and its lithium salt, so that the detail technology can be defined to support development local renewable-base industry.


Four methods of studying Pauline theology have been observed and discussed in this chapter: the historical method, the thematic or loei method, that method which chooses a central motif by which to interpret all Paul's theology, and the particular form of this method that interprets Paul from the perspective of "justification by faith". An attempt is made to determine the effects of each method on interpretation of the relation between creation and redemption. The unique approach of Rudolf Bultmann to New Testament theology combines historical-critical research and an existentialist hermeneutic of the New Testament in such a way that the four methodological "formats" for the interpretation of New Testament theology which have been surveyed in the chapter all converge in Bultmann's work. This survey of Pauline theologies discloses that there has been little or no affirmation of cosmic Christology as a theme of importance in Paul's thought.Keywords: cosmic Christology; creation; Pauline theology; redemption; Rudolf Bultmann


In this paper we developed a Framework for Delineation of Trees to discover the tree of urban areas. Individual tree crown extraction is important for urban forest inventory. Earlier some research studies were done which primarily deal with particular tree crown or tree species detection. These methods not found the solution for distinguishing trees from their shadows. In our framework we used methods which extract texture-based features from panchromatic images. In the proposed methodology first the input image will undergo with pre-processing where unnecessary distortions like shadows and dark spots etc. were suppressed and then image quality is used by applying enhancement techniques. Output image is segmented to detect boundaries and objects from the image. Finally a framework is developed for delineation of trees. The proposed framework process with shadows of trees and identify the tree effectively from a satellite image.


ago. 3 See e.g. L. E. Keck, The Bible in the Pulpit (Abingdon [1978]), 100-105. 4 Eight Lectures on Preaching (1877; reprinted SPCK [1959]), 5. Returning to this book recently reinforced my conviction that it remains the single best book on preaching. 5 See W. W. Johnson, 'The Ethics of Preaching', Interpretation 20 [1966], 425. 6 See Keck, 53-54. 7 See R. Bultmann, e.g. The New Testament and Mythology and other basic writings (Fortress [1984]), 145-53. 8 See J. Killinger, Fundamentals of Preaching (Fortress/SCM [1985]), 25-26. 9 The Strange Silence of the Bible in the Church (Westminster/ SCM [1970]), 163.


Summary Samples of sediment, various 'spot' finds, residues from bulk-sieving, and bone from site-riddling and hand collection from deposits of late medieval to modern date, but primarily associated with the house of the Austin Friars, in the Old Town in Hull, have been assessed for their potential for further bioarchaeological analysis. A good proportion of the GBA samples examined gave assemblages of plant and insect remains indicating the presence of various kinds of organic material, but often cut grassland vegetation (perhaps from hay, or in some cases, from stable manure). Especially interesting were assemblages from graveand coffin-fills of the burials in and around the priory church and some of the spot finds associated with burials also gave evidence for plant remains, some of them clearly of ritual significance. Some of the human burials contained remains of what are thought to be brains; the mechanism of preservation of these requires investigation. The corpus of hand-collected shell was found to be quite rich and worthy of further investigation, affording an opportunity to study oysters, in particular, from a north-eastern coastal context. The bones from this site consist of a small assemblage with most of the material being of C14-17th date and a wide range of species being present. Rabbit and chicken were particularly common in the postmedieval deposits and these may be associated with refuse from the three public houses occupying parts of the site at this period. Some remains of very large cattle and sheep were also noted from the postmedieval deposits; these may be from improved 'modern' breeds. Somewhat surprisingly, few fish bones were recovered. Some remains of black rat were recovered and further work may elucidate whether brown rat was also present in the town. The biological remains from this site have considerable potential for recovery of information of archaeological significance; questions to be addressed and a recommended programme of research are presented.


Due to their presence in all forms of life, proteins have remained at the forefront of research in myriad disciplines. Chemists employ covalent modifications to probe protein structure and function. At the simplest level of structure, a naturally occurring protein comprises a linear sequence of L-α-amino acids, each of which displays one of twenty sidechains. Simple primary sequence modifications can impact the complex structure and function of proteins in interesting ways. In this dissertation, we document our efforts to understand this relationship through chemical modification of peptides and small proteins.
The sequences of natural proteins can be partially substituted with unnatural amino acids, generating heterogeneous-backbone foldamers. The structures and functions of bioactive proteins have been recreated by heterogeneous-backbone foldamers. These protein mimics show increased resistance to proteolytic digestion; however, no effort has yet determined the relative protection efficiencies of unnatural residues. Thus, we ranked the proteolytic protection imparted by four commonly utilized unnatural residues substituted into a host peptide. These rankings have since been employed in the design of bioactive protein mimics.
Covalent cross-linking of protein sidechains is one type of modification employed to stabilize protein structures. Cross-links made across α-helices are thought to impart structural stability by preorganizing the backbone into an α-helical conformation; however, there is limited
evidence bearing directly on this hypothesis. Thus, we compared the thermodynamic impacts of three cross-link types on folding in a small α-helix rich protein. Our results support the preorganization hypothesis, showing a decreased entropic penalty of folding for all three cross-linked proteins. This finding should help inform the endeavors of the peptide and protein cross-linking community.
The ability of heterogeneous-backbone foldamers to mimic bioactive proteins highlights their potential use as therapeutics. While our group has been developing design principles, we have not yet achieved structural and functional mimicry of a protein larger than 56 residues. Thus, we use native chemical ligation to generate a library of heterogeneous-backbone ubiquitin foldamers, some of which fold and function comparably to native ubiquitin. In addition to refining our design principles, this is the first example of a heterogeneous-backbone foldamer of this size and functional ability.


The ubiquity of wireless sensor networks (WSN), as well as the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT), impel new approaches to reduce the energy consumption of the connected devices. The wake-up radio receivers (WuRx) were born in this context to reduce as much as possible the energy consumption of the radio communication part. This article aims at proposing a low-cost, high-efficiency rectifier to improve a quasi-passive WuRx performance in terms of communication range. By optimizing the wideband matching circuit and the proposed rectifier's load impedance, the sensitivity was increased by 5 dB, corresponding to an increase of the communication range (13 meters in free space).


Article discusses the changes in bankruptcy legislation not only in relation to newly recruited civilian legislation from 1st January 2014, but also as a response to its current nearly five years experience of application. Also the social element of discharge from debts is further strengthened especially with a broader range of people for whom this method of remediation solutions will be considered. A fundamental change goes through in the system of determining who goes insolvency administrator for each of the proceedings, when the current nomination principle will be replaced by the principle of rotation. Changes are also expected in the way of the compensation of insolvency administrators. The county courts overloaded of insolvency should welcome package, which implementation assumes reducing their administrative burden (in particular certain time periods and cancellation of official boards and obligation to fly there their decisions).


In spinal cord and brain stem, the GlyR is the major receptor type to mediate inhibitory synaptic transmission. Together with the GlyRb subunit, the GlyRa1 subunit forms the adult form of the receptor. Activation of the pentameric GlyR by glycine results in an increased permeability of the GlyR channel for chloride. In juvenile stages, the cell is depolarized whereas adult neurons experience a hyperpolarization. Not least, the activity of KCC2, changing the intracellular chloride level from a high to a low adult state, contributes considerably to the maturation of the neurons. In this thesis, the approximate time point of the switch to occur in vitro could be determined to div 14 via mRNA expression studies of the distinct GlyR subunits. The obtained mRNA data also indicate that the GlyRb subunit exhibits the highest RNA expression whereas GlyRa1 expression is even lower than that of GlyRa2. Taken together, the results suggest that adult neurons as well as juvenile neurons still express heteromeric α2β and/or homomeric α2 receptors. Strychnine application to the SN cultures resulted in a down regulation of KCC2 expression in a dose-dependent manner at div 14. This finding indicates that the activity of the GlyR may regulate the expression of KCC2 to some extent. Subsequent treatments with Ca2+ channel blockers and Ca2+ chelators revealed a role for Ca2+ to destabilize the KCC2 complex. Although suppression of the entire synaptic transmission in the culture by TTX application as well as catching all free Ca2+ ions also reduce KCC2 expression, the latter seems not to be dependent on Ca2+ influx via L-type channels. However, KCC2 expression either depends on Ca2+ being present within the cell or Ca2+ influx through another type of Ca-channel than L-type. To clarify the role of KCC2 in the GlyR subunit switch, its expression successfully was down regulated upon transduction by a silencing shRNA construct. Immunoblot and localization of immunoreactivities reveal a decrease in the expression of the adult GlyRa1 subunit following KCC2 knockdown. The expression of gephyrin is affected as well. In the main, no additionally investigated synaptic proteins are concerned. Therefore, the neurons are supposed to remain in a juvenile state in terms of the GlyR when KCC2 is not expressed properly. The question arising is, whether the pure presence or the activity of KCC2 is responsible for the correct GlyRa1 expression. It also remains unclear whether knockdown of KCC2 affects GlyRa1 expression and hence gephyrin expression, the other way around or whether even both proteins directly are affected by loss of KCC2. I suggest that loss of KCC2 impairs the expression of the scaffolding protein gephyrin via unknown cytoskeletal mechanisms or signalling pathways. The absence of gephyrin in turn directs loss of the adult GlyR consisting of GlyRa1 and GlyRb. This loss might result from either down regulation of GlyRa1 expression or removal of the adult receptor from the membrane and subsequent degradation.


This randomised, double‐blind study compared dexmedetomidine and midazolam for intravenous sedation during third molar surgery under local anaesthesia. Sixty patients received either dexmedetomidine (up to 1 μg.kg−1) or midazolam (up to 5 mg), which was infused until the Ramsay Sedation Score was four or the maximum dose limit was reached. Intra‐operative vital signs, postoperative pain scores and analgesic consumption, amnesia, and satisfaction scores for patients and surgeons, were recorded. Sedation was achieved by median (IQR (range)) doses of 47 μg (39–52 (25–76)) or 0.88 μg.kg−1 (0.75–1.0 (0.6–1.0)) dexmedetomidine, and 3.6 mg (3.3–4.4 (1.9–5.0)) or 0.07 mg.kg−1 (0.055–0.085 (0.017–0.12)) midazolam. Heart rate and blood pressure during surgery were lower in dexmedetomidine group. There was no significant difference in satisfaction or pain scores. Midazolam was associated with greater amnesia. Dexmedetomidine produces comparable sedation to midazolam.


The title compound, C10H12BrNO4S, is an intermediate in the synthesis of benzothiazine. The planar methyl ester group (maximum deviation is 0.0065 Å) is oriented at a dihedral angle of 39.09 (13)° with respect to the aromatic ring. In the crystal structure, weak intermolecular C—H⋯O interactions link the molecules into centrosymmetric dimers, through R 2 2(10) ring motifs.


H ealth care cost in the United States is the highest in the world. In addition, it has been increasing linearly in the past 2 decades. A recent study estimated that health care expenditure on treatment of chronic respiratory diseases alone is increasing by 3.7% per year, reaching approximately 130 billion dollars in 2013.1 It is imperative that we attempt to identify the causes of this high-cost care, to be able to bend the curve of health care expenditure.2 Whether medical specialization, subspecialization, and superspecialization such as Interventional Pulmonology is one of the causes of this high-cost care is an interesting and unsettled debate. Is specialization a part of the problem or a part of the solution? There are good arguments on both sides. Training in specialization is more expensive and specialists may use expensive technology more commonly than do generalists. In addition, the ratio of specialists to primary care physicians is higher in the United States compared with that in other countries. These factors may contribute to the high cost of health care in the country.2,3 Challenging this belief, however, studies have shown that specialized care has reduced cost in many medical areas.4–6 We believe that specialization could and should be a part of the solution. Health care is experiencing a paradigm shift from volume-based care to value-based care. Value-based care entails the achievement of best outcomes at lowest cost. One essential component of the shift toward value-based care is the organization of patient care around specific medical conditions. In this model of care, physicians are experts in their field, familiar with the best available data to diagnose, treat, and prognosticate patients with those specific conditions. This scenario allows specialized physicians to develop and apply cost-reducing strategies while achieving the best outcomes for a specific patient population.7 Some examples from the field of bronchoscopy illustrate how specialized care can increase the value of the product—that is, ensuring the best outcomes while reducing cost for the patients. In patients with stage I pulmonary sarcoidosis, it is common to perform endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) with transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) to confirm the presence of noncaseating granulomas. This has been well demonstrated by many studies in


That philosophy has an important effect upon life I am convinced. This effect is, however, not a direct one, nor is it one which it is easy to describe.


This special issue is dedicated to the 1st Metahuman Futures Forum held in Lesvos on 1-2 October 2022, as part of the Bodynet-Khorós project co-funded by the European Union[1] and contains part of the theoretical research of the project. The issue comprises a collection of seven papers, a book review, and the Metahuman Futures Manifesto, all of which contribute to the understanding of metahumanism and its relationship with posthumanism and transhumanism in the age of planetary holocaust.


PERSONAE, SAME-SEX DESIRE, AND SALVATION IN THE POETRY OF MARBOD OF RENNES, BAUDRI OF BOURGUEIL, AND HILDEBERT OF LAVARDIN by Tison Pugh "Luxuriae vitio castissimus en ego fio, Quod duros mollit, hoc molitiem mihi tollit." Marbod of Rennes ("Lo, I am made completely chaste by the sin of lechery. / [The vice] which makes hard men soft takes away my softness.") In the Christian milieu of the western European medieval world, poets adopted a wide-range of stances—from the laudatory to the condem- natory—towards same-sex relations. 1 Some monastic writers, however, appear to conflate the two oppositional views, both praising male beauty in highly eroticized terms and damning men who fall to the pleasures of homoerotic desire. How is one to understand this apparent contradiction in which the right hand of the poet seems to praise what the left hand proscribes, in which the writer anathematizes what appear to be his own sexual predilections? 2 In this paper, I examine the para- dox of holy men expressing unholy desire in reference to three Franco- Latin writers of the early twelfth century: Marbod of Rennes, Baudri of Bourgueil, and Hildebert of Lavardin. Playing at the boundaries be- tween licit and illicit identities, these men speak taboo desire by creat- ing a safe space for themselves through the alternative performances of sinful and of saved personae. The performance of same-sex desire A note on vocabulary: I refrain from using terms—including gay, homosexual, and queer—which some scholars consider anachronistic in a study of medieval sexuality. Instead, I employ a lexicon including same-sex and homoerotic, which I consider to be descriptive of the behaviors in question, though not presumptive of modern ideas about identity. The scope of this essay does not allow an investigation into the question of what possibilities of sexual identity were available to medieval men, as interesting a question as that might be. Rather, I concentrate on describing the poetic record and theorizing what these lyrics tell us about medieval identity, medieval theology, and their relationship to the expression of same-sex desire. Of course, I cannot prove that the three poets addressed in this essay were men who would today identify themselves as homosexuals; nevertheless, their passionate lyrics and spirited defenses of same-sex relationships hint strongly that they experienced homoerotic desire.


The paper builds the model of direct reuse reverse logistics center location followed by the uncertainty random variables of the demand of retailers and the recovery of collection points. This model assumes that the enterprises are expanding on the traditional network. For the random variables, they will be solved by using stochastic simulation, genetic algorithm and linear programming, and numericai exampie is presented.


Film casting is an engineering process for the manufacture of thin sheets or films of polymeric melts. In this work, we study existence and uniqueness of stationary solutions for a standard membrane model of non‐isothermal film casting of viscous fluids. In contrast to previous work, our model assumes that the fluid film is cooled down and, as soon as it reaches its solidification temperature, freezes somewhere along the fluid curtain instead of at a fixed downstream position. Hence this model exhibits a free frost point which has to be found as part of the solution.


An account is given of the structural setting of the various Neogene sedimentary basins of western Greece. Compressional basins are attributable to foreland loading by the Alpine fold and thrust belt of the Outer Hellenides, and to active subduction in the adjacent western Hellenic arc. Late extensional basins are related to N-S crustal extension in the Aegean marginal basin and, in western Greece, are superimposed on the earlier compressional structures. The local seismicity provides evidence that the main E-W-trending basin-bounding faults of the extensional basins form a linked system that includes NW-SE- and NE-SW-trending transfer zones of transtension. The transfer zones are themselves the sites of small extensional basins.


Prose is a style which narrates,expresses,inquires the life state of the author oneself.According to the definition,the prose is minutely analysed into three general types and many special ones.Three general types are the narrating prose,the expressing prose,the inquiring prose.The special types are the travel notes,diary,letter,essay,etc.


The aim of the study was to assess selfconcept of adolescents of substance using parents and find effect of psychosocial intervention on selfconcept of adolescents. A Quantitative research approach and quasi experimental one group pretest post test design was used to collect data from 20 adolescents of substance using parents studying in selected senior secondary schools of Punjab by simple random sampling technique ( lottery method with replacement). The modified CAST6 tool was used to screen the adolescents of substance using parents and after screening adolescents, self-concept was assessed by using standardized self-concept questionnaire by Dr. R.K. Sarsawat (1984). Tools were translated as per convience. After pretesting adolescents with average and below average selfconcept were selected randomly for giving psychosocial intervention for period of 1 month consisting of 6 sessions. After 6 weeks of implementing intervention post – testing was done to assess selfconcept adolescents. Total 18 post test were collected since 2 dropouts were there during implementation period. * Ph.D Nursing scholar, Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh.Associate Professor,Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Sri Guru Ramdas College of Nursing,S.G.R.D. Medical institute of Sciences and Research ** Professor and Principal,Department of psychiatric nursing, DMC & H, College of Nursing, Ludhiana, Punjab. ISSN: 2249-2496 Impact Factor: 7.081 505 International Journal of Research in Social Sciences http://www.ijmra.us, Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Results Results showed that the 84.7% adolescents of substance using parents were having average level of overall selfconcept before the implementation of psychosocial intervention and maximum (65%) having above average level of selfconcept after the implementation of psychosocial intervention. For assessing effectiveness of psychosocial intervention the total self – concept post test mean score 130.0 ± 8.29 was higher than pretest score 88.7 ± 14.76 with mean difference of 41.30 ± 14.36 after the implementation of psychosocial intervention and difference was significant at p <0.001 level. Therefore research hypothesis was accepted. The variables like, type of family, class attendance, entertainment facilities, eating habits were having significant association with mean gain scores of self – concept. Conclusion Adolescents self – concept was found to be significantly improved after implementation of psychosocial intervention Therefore, these type of interventions which are school-based programs, which can reach a large number of children and may be cost-effective if they become part of the regular curriculum and are delivered by teachers.


In the early 1970s, the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) adopted the terms "borderline malignancy" and "carcinoma of low malignant potential" in their classifications of surface epithelial tumors of the ovary in order to denote a subset of patients with a significantly more favorable prognosis than those with the "usual" surface epithelial carcinomas. Subsequently, a considerable clinicopathologic body of literature has arisen concerning borderline tumors, particularly the serous and mucinous types. Some of them, particularly advanced stage borderline tumors, have been purported to cause significant illness and death. However, some investigators have impugned their malignant nature, especially in Stage I disease, and blame the suggested poor prognosis in advanced cases on a paucity of accurate morbidity and mortality data and ambiguity in current histopathologic terminology; to address the latter, they have proposed to remove any connotation of malignancy by replacing the aforementioned terms with designations such as "atypical proliferating (serous or mucinous) tumor." Another soon‐to‐be proposed classification will use the terminology "borderline tumors" as a generic group without destructive invasion but with subdivisions into tumors with "epithelial atypia" and those with "intraepithelial carcinoma." The clinical and therapeutic implications of accurate diagnosis of ovarian borderline tumors mandate additional investigation to elucidate their true prognosis; indeed, further dialogue is necessary to arrive at a nosologic system to reflect that biologic behavior. However, until a consensus has been reached, the pathologic diagnosis should reflect, at some point, the currently sanctioned FIGO/WHO classification of surface epithelial ovarian tumors to obviate any misunderstanding that could lead to patient mismanagement. Cancer 1995; 76:2138–42.


Background: Recent theories of low fertility emphasize the increasing importance of support for the family in changing gender roles toward egalitarianism. In a context of weak institutional support for families and low levels of gender equity, do family policies influence individual fertility? Moreover, might support from other sources, such as men's involvement in the family or grandparental childcare assistance, positively influence fertility intentions and behavior? Objective: I examine the influence of three sources of a supportive environment for families – the state, husbands, and parents or in-laws – on women's fertility intentions and behavior regarding second children. Methods: Using data from three waves of the Korean Longitudinal Survey for Women and Families, I measured supportive environments by knowledge of family policy, men's involvement in housework and childcare, and grandparental childcare assistance. I then studied these factors with binary logistic regression analysis. Results: The findings suggest that supportive environments for the family have a stronger effect on fertility behavior than on fertility intentions. Women who are knowledgeable about childcare leave reserved for use by fathers are more likely to have a second child than women who do not know about it. Support from husbands for housework and childcare and intensive childcare assistance from coresiding parents or in-laws increase the likelihood of a second birth. Contribution: These findings contribute to our theoretical understanding of the interplay between the welfare state and the family in studies of fertility. Moreover, the findings have unique implications for very low fertility in countries with limited and fragmented state support of families.


To compare early foveal and peripheral information extraction, visual scenes were masked either foveally or peripherally during the initial part of fixations, using an eye-movement contingent display-change technique. The sequential attention model of eye-movement control predicts a substantial effect of early foveal masking, and early peripheral masking should not affect the ongoing processing. Foveal masking indeed postponed foveal processing as reflected by a considerable increase of average fixation durations with longer masking (Experiments 1 and 3). However, there was also an effect of peripheral masking, mainly on the saccade target selections with an increased number of fixations (Experiment 3) in conjunction with smaller saccade amplitudes (Experiments 2 and 3). Overall, scene perception was more influenced by early foveal masking than by early peripheral masking, and this is partly in agreement with the sequential attention model of eye-movement control.


Presentation to the Young Women Leadership Institute Page 5 of 6 (YWLI) on Basic Human Rights and Women's Rights during their annual forum held in Mombasa, Kenya-16th August 2011


Objective: To investigate the expression of P2X receptors on rat intracardiac and paratradieal ganglion neurons. Methods: For preparation of intracardiac neurons, hearts were excised, the atria were separated and the medial region containing intracardiac ganglia was isolated and cut into pieces. For preparation of paratracheal neurons, the tracheas were removed and the superficial membranous layer containing paratracheal ganglia was rapidly isolated. Intracardiac and paratracheal ganglion neurons were dissociated after digestion by collagenase and trypsin. Whole-cell patch clamp recording was used to identify the pharmacological properties of P2X receptors in cultured neurons. Results:Neurons from these two ganglia responded to ATP with a rapidly activating, sustained inward current.αβ-meATP failed to evoke any responses in paratracheal ganglion neurons while a few of intracardiac ganglion neurons responded toαβ-meATP with a tiny sustained inward current. ADP and UTP had no effect on intracardiac neurons. Lowering pH potentiated ATP responses in neurons from these two ganglia whereas increasing pH inhibited ATP responses. Co-application of Zn2+ potentiated ATP responses in intracardiac and paratracheal ganglion neurons. Conclusion: The receptor subtypes involved in intracardiac and paratracheal ganglia appear to be homomeric P2X2, while heteromeric P2X2/3 could not be completely excluded from intracardiac neurons.


Type of the research is classroom action research. The subject of this research is the students class XI IPS 1 has 30 students in academic year of 2014/2015 semester 2. Implementation of this research is to do 2 cycles, which consist of four activities, that (a) planning, (b) implementing, (c) observing, (d) reflecting. Based on the result of research, it can be known that: The competency of reading news students class XI IPS 1 Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Bojonegoro is good. Implementation of modeling students class XI IPS 1 Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Bojonegoro is good. Based on the computation of the implementation of modeling to increase the competency of reading news students class XI IPS 1 Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Bojonegoro, the first cycles of mastery learning is 56.67%, while for the second cycle of mastery learning is 80%. From the data, the mastery learning from the first cycle to the second cycle has significant increasing. So, it can be said that the implementation of modeling can increase the competence of reading news.


Infections provoked by extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae are increased worldwide and are often associated with amplified morbidity and mortality. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility analyses are mean contributors to successful treatment. Few data have been reported on the prevalence of ESBL producing strains in Morocco but this is the first report investigating on this subject in Northwest Morocco (Tangier-Tetouan), which is an important transit region between Europe and Africa. A subsite of 111 Enterobacteriaceae isolates derived from clinical specimens was collected from March to June 2012 and analyzed. Resistance profiles were determined by testing susceptibility to 14 antibiotics belonging to different families using Muller Hinton agar diffusion. Investigation of ESBL strains was performed by the synergies or double disc assays. The studies demonstrated that the most requested analysis concerns the urine samples (66.66 %), following by pus (28.82 %) and vaginal samples (04.50 %). E. coli is the most incriminate infectious agent with 70.27 % in urine and 46.87 % in pus followed by K. pneumonia with 37.50 % and 20.27 % in urine and pus respectively. Susceptibility test showed high resistance rates touching major antibiotic families. β-lactam groups are most concerned with values over 60% for penicillin, 45% for early generation cephalosporins and 36% for extended-spectrum cephalosporins. Carbapenems seems to maintain high activity against Enterobacteriaceae with only 4.5% resistance rate. We noted resistance rates of about 34% for fluoroquinolones and 22% for aminoglycosides except amikacin, which exhibited the lowest resistance rate with less than 1%. Prevalence of ESBLs strains was relatively high and represents about 20 % in the analyzed bacterial group. Antibiotics are precious compounds to treat bacterial infection diseases. Being broad-spectrum antibiotics, β-lactam and flouroquinolones are the most prescribed worldwide. Their extensive and inappropriate use has contributed to emergence of multi-drogue resistance bacteria, especially among Enterobacteriaceae, and increasing loss of activity over time.


This paper describes a novel signal-locating scheme for the ultra-long distance distributed optical phase sensing system.The scheme was realized by combining the double Mach-Zehnder(MZ) configuration and the correlation algorithm,which solves the locating problem of the detected signal in the sensing system.The studies show that the scheme can locate the signal in the range of 50 lm successfully.The minimum locating relative error of 0.19% is achieved when the sensing system is buried in the 0.5 m depth underground.


We show how Moore's observation, in the context of toroidal compactifications in type IIB string theory, concerning the complex multiplication structure of black hole attractor varieties, can be generalized to Calabi-Yau compactifications with finite fundamental groups. This generalization leads to an alternative general framework in terms of motives associated to a Calabi-Yau variety in which it is possible to address the arithmetic nature of the attractor varieties in a universal way via Deligne's period conjecture. ⋆Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Email: firstname.lastname@example.com Email: email@example.com, email@example.com


In this paper the method of human posture identification is suggested. It is based on Pedotti's diagram, well known in human gait evaluation. During the experiment, undertaken by 12 healthy volunteers, ground reaction forces in sagittal plane were measured. Force vectors, with the origin in the center of pressure, oscillated in the shape of fan. By observing the characteristics of the fan information about some features of postural control were obtained.


For the fuzzy time phenomenon caused by factors such as traffic and roads in distribution process, based on trapezoidal fuzzy number, this article gives one kind of vehicle scheduling problem model with fuzzy time window. In the problem solution aspect, this article, on the foundation of carrying on the genetic operation to the host chromosomes, introduces virus infection operation to infect the host chromosomes and combines dynamically the host chromosomes' global evolution with the virus chromosomes' local evolution to solve the problem of the precocious and the slow convergence rate existing in traditional genetic algorithm. The simulation experiment indicates that this algorithm has feasibility and validity.


The Mehlich-III method (M-III) (Mehlich 1984) is a multinutrient agri-environmental routine soil-testing procedure used in many jurisdictions in North America, but one that is affected by soil texture. The PW determined by the Sissingh (1971) method is an index of surface water contamination and desorbed P that is not influenced by soil texture and that can be used to define specific M-III critical environmental indices by soil texture group. Our objective was to define critical environmental indices by relating (P/Al)M-III to PW. We analyzed 275 soil samples from surface, and 175 from subsurface layers, varying in genesis, texture, and pH. The relationship between PW and (P/Al)M-III was influenced by soil properties, particularly soil texture and genesis. Fine-textured (> 300 g clay kg-1) and gleyed soils tended to release more PW at a given (P/Al)M-III compared with coarse-textured (≤ 300 g clay kg-1) and podzolized soils. Using a critical value of 9.7 mg PW L-1 derived from the literature, critical env...


In this paper, we present a case study for the use of modding as a pedagogical practice in a humanities-based game design course. In particular, this approach has been extremely beneficial as it allows students to sidestep technological barriers. In our case study, we show how two different mods of the same platformer game can allow students to engage with game design in order to explore the relationship between mechanics and meaningful play.


Recent studies of bunch coalescing in the Fermilab Main Ring have indicated the likelihood of a low-frequency, low-Q resonator being responsible for the distortion of the coalesced bunch at high beam intensities. Numerical simulations have shown that a high longitudinal impedance is sufficient to account for the observed bunch break-up. A survey of possible offending beam components has been made, and measurements of the longitudinal impedance of these components, including a variety of kicker magnets and coalescing cavities in the main ring, have been carried out.<<ETX>>


Chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) signals at 3 ppm acquired with high irradiation powers, termed GluCEST, have been suggested as an indicator of glutamate in neural systems. However, amines in proteins may also contribute to the GluCEST signal, but they have been ignored in previous studies. This study aims to investigate the molecular origins and specificity of GluCEST signal in rat brain.


We present a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) power line communication (PLC) system using coupled indoor differential mode ports, where 2 × 2 and 2 × 4 MIMO configurations are considered. In simulation, MIMO orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) PLC with the two OFDM symbol sequence reordering schemes, namely, Alamouti-scheme-based sequence reordering and circularly-shifted sequence reordering, is compared under the coupled channel conditions. For MIMO coding, we employ a maximum ratio combining scheme that is effective for both MIMO and single-input-single-output over indoor power line conditions. In simulation, we compare space-frequency coding (SFC), space-time coding (STC), and space-time-frequency coding (STFC) over statistical indoor power line channels, including fading, impulse noise, and crosstalk by coupling between ports. STFC and STC are more robust against crosstalk than SFC, and STFC, with some added complexity, outperforms the other coding schemes in terms of bit-error-rate performance. A least squares scheme for power line channel estimation is used, which is simple but has comparable performance to minimum mean square error. A decision-feedback-loop-based crosstalk cancellation scheme that effectively reduces the MIMO channel estimation error due to crosstalk is presented. Simulation results show that STFC is less sensitive to impulse noise than STC or SFC.


VANET is a special type of Intelligent Transport System which provides an improved vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to interface communication by following traffic rules. It enables users to reach their destinations in a better and safe way. This paper focuses on Dedicated Short Range Communication between the vehicles, for which IEEE 802.11b & IEEE 802.11p communication standards are considered in realistic environment. Comparative performance evaluation is done between the communication standards 802.11b and 802.11p in terms of various QOS parameters. The effect of Rayleigh fading has been introduced to show how above IEEE standards will perform under highly dynamic and real time traffic conditions. The impact of fading on the performance parameters like throughput rate, collision rate, packet drop rate, unicast rate and broadcast rate has been evaluated for different values of target peak data rate to provide robust MAC layer standard for the VANET.


An automatic wallboard mounting vehicle relates to equipment for conveying and mounting a wallboard. The utility model aims to provide the automatic mounting vehicle with a small volume and convenience in operation. The mounting vehicle can not only solve the transportation problem of the wallboard, but also automatically mount the wallboard on the wall space. The mounting vehicle comprises a conveying mechanism, a vehicle body frame and a wallboard mounting mechanism; under the action of a first power part, the wallboard mounting mechanism can turn to the side of the mounting vehicle where the wallboard is located, and after the wallboard is placed on the wallboard mounting mechanism, the wallboard mounting mechanism is driven by the first power part to return to the initial horizontal state; the mounting vehicle is manually controlled to convey the wallboard to move to the position requiring wallboard mounting, and the wallboard slides forward under the action of a third power part and then turns forward to the vertical state to push and mount the wallboard on the wall space under the action of a second power part. The whole process is automatically completed, so that the labor intensity of workers is lightened and the mounting efficiency is improved.


BACKGROUND
The primary aim of this study was to determine the detailed anatomy of the lymphatics in the lower extremity using fresh human cadavers with indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence lymphography. The secondary aim was to apply the anatomical results to establish a new protocol for lymphography based on feasible allocations for tracer injection sites.

METHODS
One hundred lower extremities from 53 fresh human cadavers were used for this study. We injected ICG solution subcutaneously at 19 points around the foot along the border line between the dorsum and planta according to anatomical landmarks. Immediately after the ICG injections, gentle hand massage was applied at each injection site to facilitate ICG uptake into the lymphatic vessels. Fluorescent images of the lymphatics were obtained using a near-infrared ray camera system. Imaging data of the lymphatics was analyzed to find correlations between the injection sites and the identified lymphatic vessels.

RESULTS
The lymphatic system in the lower extremity was divided into four distinct lymphatic groups; anteromedial, anterolateral, posterolateral, and posteromedial. The lymphatic vessels in all except the posterolateral group connected to the inguinal nodes and those in the posterolateral group connected to the popliteal nodes. We successfully elucidated correlations between the injection sites in the foot and each lymphatic group.

CONCLUSIONS
The new classification of the four lymphatic groups in the lower extremity and identification of their origins in the foot enabled us to propose a new protocol for lymphography which includes four injection sites in specific circumflex locations.


Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), which is the initial and rate-limiting enzyme of the degradation of pyrimidine base, plays an important role in the pharmacogenetic syndrome of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Deficiency of DPD activity leads to severe toxicities, even death, in patients after administering 5-FU. Several studies demonstrate that the molecular defects of the dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase gene (DPYD) lead to the deficiency of DPD activity and cause this pharmacogenetic syndrome. However, polymorphic DPD activity and complex nature of the DPYD sometimes result in conflicting findings. To date, more than 40 variant alleles, including 2 splice-site mutations, 2 nonsense mutations, 5 deletion mutations, 32 missense mutations and 2 slice mutations have been reported in the coding area of the DPYD gene. The IVS14+1G>A, which leads to the skipping of the exon 14 resulting in profound DPD deficiency and severe toxicities, is the most common mutation with 5-FU toxicity in Europeans. In addition, the epigenetic factors also participate in the clinical presentations of the syndrome. Due to the fact that the regulation mechanism of DPD itself has not been clearly clarified yet, high-throughput techniques to screen the whole DPYD and the measurement of the DPD activity are war- ranted to draw a clear relationship between the phenotype and genotype for this pharmacogenetic syndrome. Screening for genetic DPYD defects, at least IVS14+1G>A, and/or the DPD activity before 5-FU therapy to protect patients from haz- ardous outcome is also suggested, especially in specific populations.


The thermal performance evaluation of an air-cooled in-wheel motor in electric vehicles was performed under driving operation condition in consideration of ram air effect. We verified the feasibility of the air cooling method for the 25 kW motor with the housing geometry having cooling grooves and investigated the thermal performance enhancement. In addition, the thermal performance of an oil-cooled in-wheel motor with various cooling systems was compared under the operation condition. Therefore, the oil spray cooling system for the 35 kW motor with interior cooling channels was judged to have the best thermal performance.


Objective To explore the diagnosis and treatment of acute cholecystitis of severe type(ACST).Methods The clinical information of 32 patients of ACST in our hospital from January of 2003 to August of 2010.Results There were 29 patients who had the operation of bile duct decompression via abdomen and 3 patients who had expectant treatment.There were 19 patients who recovered after the T tube pulled out two weeks after the operation,3 patients who had choledochoscopic lithotripsy because of remanent calculus in biliary tract,2 patients who had repetitive infection in biliary tracts,2 patients who had infection in cuts,1 patient who had biliary fistula,3 patients dead and the fatality rate was 9.4%.Conclusion It is crucial for the success of treatment to make a definite diagnosis in time,perform an effective bile duct decompression timely and pay great attention to peroperative period management.


The general problem of this study was to examine the psychological commitment of the relationship between fitness participants' leisure involvement and their behavioral loyalty within Taiwanese fitness centers agencies. The target population of this study were members of fitness centers which have multipurpose sports facilities (e.g., swimming poor, weight training room, aerobic room, etc.) in Taiwan. The researcher selected twenty (N=20) sports fitness centers based on the geographic areas; North, South, East, and West part of Taiwan. The researcher conveniently selected twenty six (N=26) individuals from twenty (N=20) sport fitness centers. The sample size included five hundred twenty (N=520) individuals, who participated in sports activity programs. The survey instruments included a demographic survey, leisure involvement scale and attitudinal loyalty. The research model describes the causal relationship among leisure involvement and attitudinal loyalty. These paths are related to the causal processes. Thus, the structural equation modeling approach was necessary in order to examine these variables. The data analysis was conducted using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science Version 15) and AMOS 19 (Analysis of Moment Structure Version 5.01) with the software package for Windows This study found that the leisure involvement has a direct positive relationship with affective loyalty and investment loyalty. These results suggested that the development of the level of consumer loyalty appears to be best explained as a progressive process. That is, the formation of high involvement in leisure activity seems to be a key precondition for becoming a committed user of a leisure service agency and supporter of that agency The finding of this study may provide needed feedback and contribute to the improvement of sports activity programs, facilities, and instructors for fitness clubs in Taiwan. Also, this study may be important because it may provide valuable information for program directors and managers of sport fitness clubs in order to comprehend significant relationships regarding leisure involvement and their attitudinal loyalty levels in relation to Taiwanese sports organizations.


Summary: In this note, we study the first four moments of the MUB random variable, that is a mixture of two discrete random variables, recently introduced for the fitting of ranks data models. After a brief review of the location and variability indexes, the paper derives and discusses the asymmetry and the kurtosis measures, investigating the shape properties of this distribution on the admissible par ametric space. Finally, the usefulness of the parameters moment estimators is shown in order to get starting values for the maximum likelihood estimation procedure.


A backlight assembly and an LCD comprising the same are provided to improve the color mixing degree and the uniformity of brightness, by forming side reflectors at circumferential surfaces of each LED(Light Emitting Diode) unit included in the backlight assembly. A light emitting part has a plurality of LED units(15) arranged in a matrix type. Each of the LED units is composed of a red LED(15R), a green LED(15G), and a blue LED(15B). A plurality of bottom reflectors(11) are respectively formed below the LED units. A plurality of side reflectors(13) are respectively formed at circumferential surfaces of respective LED units.


Pain mapping has been used for the precision diagnosis of low back pain. More than 90% of pain relief after application of local anesthetic to pain pathway could be used as a guide to elucidate the source of enigmatic low back pain. In this report, using 3 CRPS cases, we discussed the role of pain mapping concept in the diagnosis of sympathetic mediated pain, or CRPS. Under the new classification, CRPS can be designated as sympathetic independent pain (SIP), sympathetic maintained pain (SMP), or a mix of the SIP and SMP depending on the response to sympathetic block. In cases 1 and 2, the typical SIP or SMP was diagnosed by both the concept of pain mapping and the subsequent therapy. Unfortunately, simple SIP or SMP is uncommon. The case 3 is typical presentation of CRPS in which complicated and multi-factorial features could not be examined by simple blocks. Moreover, the degree of responsiveness to sympathetic block can change over time. Since the pain mapping is proven useful only for the diagnosis of difficult back pain of somatic in nature, the application of pain mapping concept in sympathetic blocks for the diagnosis of CRPS is therefore not recommended


This paper presents a corpus-based approach to word sense disambiguation where a decision tree assigns a sense to an ambiguous word based on the bigrams that occur nearby. This approach is evaluated using the sense-tagged corpora from the 1998 SENSEVAL word sense disambiguation exercise. It is more accurate than the average results reported for 30 of 36 words, and is more accurate than the best results for 19 of 36 words.


In the recent years, the Taiwanese farmers have been looking for ways to transform their agriculture businesses into money making and to find new relevance in a market, which was altered by Taiwan's entry in the World Trade Organization. In spite of the vast growth and potent potential of the Wine Tourism in Taiwan, presently there is only a modicum of published researches, not to mention that there are no related service quality expectations topics. Thus, the goals of this research are to uncover the diverse levels of tourists' satisfaction on the service quality that was provided in the selected Winery. In addition, to reveal the focal attributes of the Winery which influence the tourists' satisfaction, and investigate the discrepancy between customer's expectation and perception towards the quality of services. This study was using the SERVQUAL instrument in measuring the service quality of the Wine Tourism Industry in Taiwan. The results indicate that the reliability dimension of tourists' perceptions of service quality having the largest gap and the tangibles dimension have the smallest gap. This implies that the tourists place more emphasis on the professional and courteous attitude from the staff of the Winery compared to the tangible visually appealing materials.


Agriculture is an important source of emissions of the greenhouse gases nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) as well as ammonia (NH3), which contributes to acidification and eutrophication. Controlling emissions of one of these pollutants through application of technical measures can have an impact (either beneficial or adverse) on emissions of the others. These side effects are usually ignored in policy making. This study analyses cost-effective strategies to reduce agricultural emissions of N2O and CH4 in Europe, taking into account interrelations between abatement of N2O, CH4 and NH3 in agriculture. The model we used is based on the RAINS model for air pollution in Europe, which includes information on emission sources and abatement options for NH3. Our model also includes emissions of N2O and CH4 from agriculture and technical measures to reduce these emissions. For all abatement options side-effects on other emissions were considered. The model was used to calculate abatement strategies to meet restrictions on emission levels at least cost. We found that abatement of CH4 and N2O from agriculture in Europe is more expensive when reductions in NH3 emissions have to be obtained simultaneously. Moreover, total costs seem to be much higher if NH3 abatement strategies are determined first and subsequently abatement strategies for CH4 and N2O. Reductions in CH4, N2O and NH3 can be realized at lower overall costs if abatement strategies for these emissions are determined using an integrated approach.


The problem of integrated guidance and control(IGC) design for the unmanned combat aerial vehicle(UCAV) terminal impact is investigated. In this paper, the IGC system model is established, which reduces the difficulties of designing control method, then, an IGC control law is designed based on trajectory linearization control(TLC). In order to deal with high uncertainties, such as aerodynamic parameter perturbation, measurement error interference, target maneuver, and so on, a nonlinear disturbance observer(NDO) is introduced to the IGC control system. By using the Lyapunov theorem, the stability of the designed method is proved. Simulation results demonstrate the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed IGC design method in the aspects of guidance accuracy and system robustness.


A new method (AdaptiveSmoothness Functional) to produceconvex and smooth gridsover general planeregionshasbeenintroduced inarecent work by theauthors ((9] ); thismethodbelongsto thevariational grid generation approach. Theoretical results showing that a convex grid over a region is obtained when this method is applied, were presented; the basic assumption was that at least one convex grid exists. A procedure to control large cells (Bilateral Smoothness Functional), in addition to smoothness and convexity, wasalso presented. This article explores another line of research, namely the design of new discrete area functionals that produce quitebetter results than theclassical one. Although, becauseof spacereasons, no theoretical resultsarepresented for thesefunctionals; they do exist and will bepresented in a later article. Somekey exampleswill show theeffectivenessof thenew techniques.


This paper describes an eddy-current testing (ECT) probe with a new structure, consisting of a perpendicular exciting coil and a spin-valve-type giant magneto-resistance sensor for scratch detection with a high lift-off height. We derived an analytical solution of eddy-current distribution to compare with a perpendicular exciting coil and a traditional parallel exciting coil. Experimental inspections with lift-off heights of 5 and 7 mm were carried out to detect scratches of 0.1 - 0.5 mm depth in a stainless steel plate. The 2-D experimental image results show that the proposed ECT probe has good detection capabilities.


We investigate the hypothesis that compact high-velocity clouds (CHVC) are the 'missing' dwarf galaxies of the Local Group, by searching them for populations of resolved stars. To this end we conducted two distinct tests based on optical and near-infrared single-star photometry. The optical and the near-infrared experiments complement one another; the optical data help us to rule out distant populations but they are restricted to the central regions of the gas distributions, whereas the near-infrared photometry allows us to set limits on nearby populations spread over the typical cloud size. First, we discuss deep optical single-star photometry of five CHVCs in the V and I filters, obtained with the FORS instrument at the Very Large Telescope (VLT). We find that their optical colour-magnitude diagrams are indistinguishable from that of a population of Galactic stars, and attribute all of the resolved stars to the Galactic foreground. We present simulations that address the question of how much of a 'normal' dwarf-galaxy-type population we might hide in the data. A Kolmogorov-Smirnov test allows us to set very stringent limits on the absence of a resolved stellar population in CHVCs. Secondly, we also culled near-infrared single-star photometry in the J, H, and K S bands for four of the CHVCs from the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS). The infrared data do not reveal any stellar content in the CHVCs which resembles that of nearby dwarf galaxies either, and are explained with Galactic foreground as well. We interpret our null detections as indicating that the five CHVCs investigated by us do not host an associated stellar content which is similar to that of the known dwarf galaxies of the Local Group. These CHVCs are very likely to be pure hydrogen clouds in which no star formation has taken place over cosmic time.


Example discloses an array substrate of the present invention, and a method of manufacturing a display device, a liquid crystal display relates to the field, the connection line connecting the driving IC and the pixel region includes a metal wire and a resistance wire, resistance wire and the metal wire are connected in series, or the resistance wire is connected in parallel with a portion of the metal wire, it is possible to reduce the difference in resistance value between the connecting lines, thereby improving the display effect of the display panel. The array substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising: a driving integrated circuit IC, the number of the pixel region and the pixel length of the connection area of the driving IC unequal connection lines, cable lines and includes a metal resistance wire, wherein the resistance wire and the metal wire connected in series or parallel to a part of the metal resistance wire line connections.


Today, undoubtedly cloud-computing has turned into the popular expression in the IT business. There are many features that make cloud computing attractive for users; however, it has revealed new security issues. This paper provides an insightful analysis of the current security issues of cloudcomputing. Moreover, it proposes a Security Model for SaaS (SSM) as a guide for assessing and enhancing security in each layer of SaaS model. Keywordscomponent; Cloud computing, SaaS, Security, SSM model


The author is of the opinion that the competence of the local governments should be adjusted according to the demand of vesting the local authorities the state powers established by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the Federal law.


The article analyzes current trends in tourism development in Ukraine and its place at the global and European tourism market. The location of Ukraine within the European tourist macro-region is characterized. The contribution of tourism to the country's economy is determined; the dynamics of direct and total contribution of tourism to GDP and employment are analyzed. It is shown that Ukraine has a rich tourist potential, but it is not fully claimed. The modern and forecasted main economic indicators of tourism development are characterized in comparison with the average numbers for the world and Europe. The changes in Ukraine's place in the TTCI rating for 2013, 2017 and 2019 are considered, the reasons for the positive changes in the rating between the latest reports are determined.

The dynamics of inbound and outbound tourism in 2000–2017 is analyzed, its main determining reasons are considered. The article characterizes the structural changes in goals and geography of tourist arrivals and departures.

The author examines dynamics of the activities of tour operators and travel agencies. The concentration coefficients of tourist arrivals, income from tourism and the population are calculated, which indicate the extremely uneven development of tourism in the regions of Ukraine. Based on the index presentation of indicators of tourism entities development and the calculation of the integral index, 4 groups of regions were identified that confirms the absolute leadership of the capital region in the provision of tourism services.

The main factors which further trends in tourism activity will depend on are determined.


In order to completely and effectively study saturated and unsaturated optical stopping effect and application,a new B270-As2S8 composite waveguide effectively used in optical stopping is designed.The input and output of the composite waveguide single-mode strip waveguide are integrated at the same base.3-D beam propagation method(BPM) simulation shows that the transverse coupling efficiency can reach 94.53%,with insertion loss at only 0.6 dB.Most optical field of the composite waveguide transmits through the As2S8 film,which greatly benefits the optical stopping effect.


The composite plating was carried out in basic liquid of electroless nickel plating by adding SiO2 particles.Process conditions of the electroless composite plating of Ni-P-SiO2 were investigated through experiments and related properties of the plating were measured,Process parameters of the electroless composite plating of Ni-PSiO2·Has been determined preliminarily,which were about pH of 4.6 and temperature of 90 ±1℃.Results of the property testing showed that the plating obtained by adding an amount of SiO2 particles to formula has obviously improved at the properties of wear resistance,corrosion resistance and so on,was relative to electroless composite plating of Ni-P.


The application of hydraulic universal testing machine with computer servo control V1.0 was analyzed.The test methods and the technical parameters used in the tensile test of metalic materials were edited and developed,then the technical problems in metal inspection were solved.Data was compared with WAW-Y500 test machine.It was well in stability,it can meet the need of the everyday tensile test.


For Blacks in Chicago the economic depression of 1929 began to show its signs as early as 1928. Concentrated in low wage employments they quickly found themselves replaced by their white counterparts or fired altogether. For those who lived in Lake Street, located on the West Side of the City, the depression gave the opportunity to renew their ties as a community, and redefined the meaning of self- help and responsibility to the community. In the same manner, it is in the depression era that a key structural change, one of the most important after emancipation, was to take place. For it is at that time that the gradual but slow conversion of African Americans from the Republican Party to the Democratic Party was to take place.


Single-walled carbon nanotubes(SWCNTs)are prepared in large scale from Taixi anthracite coal using arc discharge technique.The properties of the arc plasma during the arcing process are analyzed in situ using optical emission spectroscopy(OES)and are correlated to the yield of SWCNTs to understand the growth mechanism of SWCNTs.The SWCNTs are characterized by TEM,TGA,Raman spectroscopy and N2 adsorption technique.The results show that Taixi anthracite is a suitable carbon source for mass production of SWCNTs with Y2O3 and Ni as catalysts at a helium pressure of 0.05 MPa.The yield of SWCNTs increases as the carbonization temperature of coal-based anode increases.In the SWCNTs,there are metals and minerals that account for about 40%(mass).The coal-based SWCNTs have a diameter of 1.5—2.4 nm and a surface area of 199 m2·g-1.The OES analysis reveals that active species such as C2 dimers and CN species are present in the arcing plasma and the active intermediates involved in the formation and growth of SWCNTs.


With emergy method we studied the emergy flow,a variety of emergy indices of the social economic natural subsystem and the change trend of sustainable development index in Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster ecological-economic system from 2000 to 2009.The result showed: Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster ecological-economic system was middledeveloping level,relied mainly on local resources,increasing the external input emergy,the growing strength of economic development,the rapid increase of industrialization and information level,but a downward trend of emergy production and use in efficiency,adding up to environmental loading rate,presenting an unsustainable trend.According to the results Chang-Zhu-Tan city cluster eco-economic system development strategies were put forword to transform economic development,improve harmony between economic social development and the natural environment,promote the "trinity" of structural stability,functional efficiency and sustainable development,to enter the benign and healthy development track.


A novel approach was developed for the synthesis of highly substituted indene derivatives, using an FeCl(3) catalyzed Prins-type cyclization reaction which was further applied in the total synthesis of jungianol and epi-jungianol.


We investigate the effect of changing the population size of one predator species on the fitness of another predator when both share a common prey species. The prey is assumed to have different anti-predator behaviors for each predator. Anti-predator behavior can result in one or both predators having positive effects on the fitness of the other. Positive short-term effects (on a behavioral time scale) can be produced by three mechanisms: (1) A behavior that defends against one predator may make the prey more vulnerable to the other; (2) Increased defensive behavior against one predator may increase the cost of defense against the other, resulting in a reduction in the latter defense; (3) If the prey constantly employs some anti-predator behavior, an increase in one behavior can only come at the expense of a reduction in another