Chow, Renee Y. Changing Chinese Cities: The Potentials of Field Urbanism. (Singapore: NUS Press, 2015. xv + 185 pp. ISBN 978-9971-69-833-1.) Cumming, Douglas, Michael Firth, Wenxuan Hou and Edward Lee (eds.). Sustainable Entrepreneurship in China: Ethics, Corporate Governance, and Institutional Reforms. (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015. xiv + 191 pp. ISBN 978-1-137-41252-2.) Denoon, David B.H. (ed.). China, the United Sattes, and the Future of Central Asia. (New York and London: New York University Press, 2015. ix + 445 pp. £24.99. ISBN 978-1-4798-4122-6.) Farrer, James, and Andrew David Field. Shanghai Nightscapes: A Nocturnal Biography of a Global City. (Chicago and London: Chicago University Press, 2015. viii + 266 pp. $27.50; £19.50. ISBN 978-0-22626288-8.) Freeman, Carla P. China and North Korea: Strategic and Policy Perspectives from a Changing China. (Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015. xi + 261 pp. £65.00. ISBN 978-1-137-45562-9.) Friedman, Jeremy. Shadow Cold War: The Sino-Soviet Competition for the Third World. (Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press, 2015. x + 291 pp. $32.95. ISBN 978-1-4696-2376-4.) Godement, François. Contemporary China: Between Mao and Market. (Lanham, Boulder, New York and London: Rowman and Littlefield, 2016 v + 266 pp. ISBN 978-14422-2538-1.) Grano, Simona A. Environmental Governance in Taiwan: A New Generation of Activists and Stakeholders. (London and New York: Routledge, 2015. xi + 205 pp. ISBN 978-1138-83140-7.) Haft, Jeremy R. Unmade in China: The Hidden Truth about China's Economic Miracle. (Cambridge, UK, and Malden, MA: Polity, 2015. xxi + 263 pp. £16.99. ISBN 978-07456-8401-7.) Hansen, Valerie. The Silk Road: A New History. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015 [2012]. xix + 304 pp. ISBN 978-0-19021842-3.) Haun, Phil. Coercion, Survival, and War: Why Weak States Resist the United States. (Stanford, CA: Stanford Security Studies, 2015. xii + 271 pp. ISBN 978-0-8047-9283-7.) He, Baogang. Governing Taiwan and Tibet: Democratic Approaches. (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2015. viii + 263 pp. ISBN 978-0-7486-9971-1.) Ho, Cheuk-Yuet. Neo-Socialist Property Rights: The Predicament of House Ownership in China. (Lanham, Boulder, New York and London: Lexington Books, 2015. xiv + 222 pp. ISBN 978-1-4985-0683-0.) Hornibrook, Jeff. A Great Undertaking: Mechanization and Social Change in a Late Imperial Chinese Coalmining. (Community Albany, NY: SUNY Press, 2015. ix + 275 pp. ISBN 978-1-4384-5687-4.) Hu, Minghui. China's Transition to Modernity: The New Classical Vision of Dai Zhen. (Seattle and London: University of Washington Press, 2015. xi + 285 pp. $50.00. ISBN 978-0-295-99476-5.) Hung, Po-yi. Tea Production, Land Use Politics, and EthnicMinorities: Struggling over Dilemmas in China's Southwest Frontier. (Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015. xii + 205 pp. £68.00. ISBN 978-1-137-49407-8.) Idema, Wilt L. Passion, Poverty and Travel: Traditional Hakka Songs and Ballads. (Singapore: World Scientific, 2015. viii + 453 pp. ISBN 978-1-938134-65-4.) Jie, Yu (trans. H.C. Hsu; foreword by Jean-Philippe Béja). Steel Gate to Freedom: The Life of Liu Xiaobo. (Lanham, Boulder, New York and London: Rowman and Littlefield, 2015. xi + 237 pp. £24.95. ISBN 978-1-4422-3713-1.) 1137


The shortest of Collinson's major works, Birthpangs of Protestant England was published near the mid-point of his scholarly career, and is a challenging, provocative book which helped set a new research agenda for the English Reformation in its opening assertion that it was 'something which happened in the reigns of Elizabeth and James I'. In a series of linked essays – 'The Protestant Nation', 'The Protestant Town', 'The Protestant Family', 'Protestant Culture and the Cultural Revolution', 'Wars of Religion' – Collinson subjected broad and canonical themes in the sociocultural history of the Reformation to penetrating review, and previous scholarship on the subjects to sometimes withering critique. The findings were usually (intentionally) paradoxical, identifying (in a manner characteristic of what was later to be termed post-revisionism) the deep continuities underlying profound social and cultural change. A chapter where this theme is less evident, arguing for the almost total demise of a rich visual culture within later Protestantism, has stimulated particularly fruitful debate. Birthpangs is also notable for marking an evident turn in Collinson's thinking about puritanism, away from the emphasis on consensus so evident in his earlier work and towards a growing stress on its distinctly divisive potential.


My bachelor thesis deals with canistherapy as a supportive therapy which is taking advantage of positive dog's influence on the emotions of pre-school children and its possible use in the field of educating in nursery schools. The thesis is divided into two parts. In the theoretical part there are characterized the following terms: zoo therapy, its history, types, forms and methods. The thesis also focuses on history and development of canistherapy, choosing an appropriate dog breed for canistherapy and its usage in the education sphere. The practical part is supported by the results of research and discloses the effects of canistherapy on the emotional life of pre-school children.


With the development of Web2.0,more and more user-generated content(UGC) occur in Web applications.These contents,especially reviews,are opinion-rich and play important roles in e-commerce.According to the Cone's survey published in 2011,64% of users like to read the related reviews on goods before they make purchase decisions.It is vital to provide users the accurate,succinct and true reviews.This work surveys the research progresses on quality evaluation and control of reviews focusing on the prediction,summarization and spam review detection.At the end,some potential research topics are pointed out based on these analyses.


The present invention is storage-that can be obtained by the stable poly process for producing a polyurethane prepreg, and from the produced molded article, and direct melt impregnation method of the reactive poly woven and laid scrim with urethane composition (laid scrim) produced therefrom It relates to a molded article (composite component).


Interactive Whiteboard (IWB) Systems are increasingly being used to replace traditional whiteboards in educational activities, making them more efficient and interesting for both teachers and students. However, no studies have been conducted to investigate how age, educational level, and employment status can impact the adoption and usage of IWB systems in the educational setting. The study aims to analyze the acceptance and the influencing factors on faculty members' intention and usage behavior towards IWB systems in teaching, utilizing the Modified-Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) model. 135 faculty members from various colleges and departments across Batangas State University ARASOF-Nasugbu Campus were surveyed and data was analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) through SmartPLS software for hypotheses testing. The results of the study indicate that faculty members' behavioral intention to use interactive whiteboard systems in teaching is positively influenced by performance expectancy and social influence. Moreover, facilitating conditions and habit positively impact usage behavior. This study, therefore, concludes that there is significant roles of performance expectancy and social influence as well as the moderating effect of age on the behavioral intention to use interactive whiteboard (IWB) systems in education. Furthermore, the study confirms that effort expectancy, hedonic motivation, and status as moderating variables significantly influence faculty members' usage behavior when using IWB systems in teaching.


Enhancement in information technology has made the online teaching-learning process easier. However, this process is still a challenging task for teaching courses of theoretical type, music, dance, and arts. For the classes of these types, the traditional system of teaching and learning is well suited, but, in particularly complex situations, accomplishing the task is highly difficult. Hence, new media art technology is introduced to overcome the difficulties. In this research, Chinese folk music is taught online with the aid of new media art with the support of artificial intelligence. The analysis of the proposed work is carried out on the folk music dataset, which considers folk music of ethnic minority groups. A novel Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno (L-BFGS) art algorithm is implemented to perform the analysis. The performance is compared with the existing gradient descent, Adam, and AdaDelta algorithms. L-BFGS algorithm is essentially a particular recipe for designing and possibly executing an artwork, including algorithms, functions, facial expression, and other input that ultimately decides the structure the folk music and media art would then take. This contribution could be numerical, information processing, or formative. From the obtained results, it can be shown that the proposed system has provided 97% and 98% of accuracy on training and testing data, which is higher when compared to the existing algorithms.


Reliability of data transport in wireless sensor networks is critical in the presence of high packet loss level either due to link contentions or buffer congestions. Mechanisms such as intermediate caching and congestion control can enhance the reliability performance of transport protocols in the event of packet loss. However, these two mechanisms are designed independently for most cache-based transport protocols. In this paper, we developed a new reliable transport protocol with a cache-aware congestion control mechanism called RT-CaCC. RT-CaCC utilizes cache management policies such as cache insertion, cache elimination, and cache size allocation to mitigate packet losses in the network while maximizing cache utilization and bandwidth allocation. The protocol was evaluated in network topologies with different packet loss scenarios. Results showed that RT-CaCC obtained an average of 15%–38% improvement gain compared with baseline protocols. In addition, RT-CaCC consistently outperformed other cache-based transport protocols like distributed TCP caching and end-to-end reliable and congestion aware transport layer protocol in terms of cache utilization, end-to-end delay, and fairness metrics. Finally, the comparison between simulation and analytical results showed that there is an almost perfect match with the difference between curve points never exceeding 14% of the analytical cost.


The article is devoted to consideration of the problem of formation and representation of Julius Caesar's image in the poetic heritage of Valery Bryusov. The author concluded that for the construction of this image the views on the Caesar's identity in the mid 19th – early 20th centuries are more important, than ancient authors' data.


Driven by the new era of big data and artificial intelligence (AI), as well as the increasing demands for the privacy protection, how to deployment the AI on wireless networks is drawing increasing attention. In this paper, we investigate the distributed learning mechanism of hosting AI over intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted wireless networks, where IRS is utilized to enhance communication in a cost-effective and energy-efficient manner. Firstly, a distributed learning framework is formulated based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) to achieve the parallel processing of the objective function. Specifically, in the proposed architecture each user updates the learning model with its own data and uploads it to the global model through wireless networks. Thence, a joint passive phase shift of IRS and user scheduling scheme based on a metric of efficiency-efficacy weighted sum (EEWS) is formulated to explore both the learning efficiency and efficacy. In addition, aiming at improving the one-round learning efficiency, a grouping-based suboptimal solution about IRS's phase is adopted to realize the max-min fair transmission. Simulation results demonstrate the relationship among the number of users involved, the scale of IRS and the learning performance.


We have developed an experimental stereoscopic display system for personal computers that utilizes a lenticular array and a high-resolution color liquid crystal display panel. This article discusses the principles of stereopsis used in the system, describes the system's mechanism and features, and evaluates the performance of its graphics system. We also developed a color image quantization algorithm specifically for this display device. In addition, we proposed a technique for interactive 3D manipulation of objects, which uses two trackballs to allow movement and rotation through six degrees of freedom.


Private standards increasingly play a major role in creating sustainable practices in international trade relations. This paper presents the results of an impact study in tea produced for export in India and it compares a group of certified tea estates with non-certified farms. It aims to determine changes in time and differences between the two groups. The study reveals differences between certified and non-certified tea suppliers. These are partly rooted in a longer history of the certified farmers. The study shows that certified farms have a better economic performance and produce ecological and social benefits. Still their practices face some major challenges for the near future. The study also reveals that a part of the control group farms may be receptive for a move towards complying with standards set in the international market. It also discusses limitations of what private standards can achieve, especially in the area of socio-economic impact and living wages.


It has long been recognized that many large U.K. companies have established and maintained their positions as "monopoly" suppliers, by a policy of merger or takeover. Until recently, however, U.K. monopoly legislation concerned itself only with "monopoly positions" 1 as such and not with the means by which they were established. As a result of a Board of Trade (BoT):lI reference, the Monopolies Commission (MC) could investigate a monopoly position once it was deemed to exist, but it was unable to consider mergers that created or enhanced monopoly situations. The introduction in 1965 of the Monopolies and Merger Act, providing for the surveillance and control of mergers, was thus an important landmark in the evolution of U.K. monopoly policy,"


Beriberi was recognised by the Chinese 3000 B.c. Tlhe etiology, however, remained obscure till 1870. In that year Eijkman, working in Java, notedl an epidemic of paralysis among fowls fed on polished rice. He found that this polyneuritis gallinarum could be cured if an extract of rice polishings were added to the diet. That polyneuritis gallinarum corresponded to human beriberi was shown by Frazer and Stanton in 1910. These' investigators produced beriberi in convicts by feeding them a diet consisting solely of overmilled rice. 'I'hey also succeeded in curing the disease by adding rice polishings to the diet. Frazer and Stanton concluded that the pericarp aleurone layers and the embryo of grain which are removed in the production of polished rice contained an anti-beriberi substance. The chemical composition of this substance was determined by Williams in 1935, and it was eventually synthesised by Williams and Spies in 1938. It was found to be a compound of pyrimidine and thiazole, to which Williams gave the name thiamin. Beriberi was therefore defined as a disease resulting from a metabolic disturbance caused by deficiency of the ante-neuritic vitamin B1, or thiamin. The minimal daily requirements of thiamin are in the region of 1 mg. or 333 I.U. Recently, however, it has been recognised that factors in addition to thiamin deficiency are concerned in the production of beriberi. It has been observed that beriberi is an uncommon complication of simple starvation. The disease was rarely seen among the starving populations of Europe during the war. Beriberi complicating anorexia nervosa has only once been recorded. The question of additional factors has been investigated by Cowgill in 1934 and by Williams and Spies in 1938. Cowgill as a result of his investigations came to the conclusion that the incidence of the disease was related to the ratio between the thiamin and the caloric value of the diet, rather than to the daily intake of thiamin. Williams and Spies attacked the problem by analysing typical Occidental and Oriental diets. 'T'hey found that the differences in thiamin value was insufficient to explain the rarity of the occurrence of beriberi in association with the former diet and its frequency in association with the latter. They noted that the chief difference in the diets was the greater fat-content of the American diet. From this they concluded that fat had a B1 sparing action. Analytically it was shown that the best index of the liability of a diet to produce beriberi was the relationship between the thiamin and the non-fat caloric value. This they express as the


[Problem] To provide a satiety maintaining agent or method for maintaining a feeling of satisfaction which is capable of maintaining satiety so as to reduce dietary intake by an individual, thereby preventing and improving a condition, such as obesity, that is caused by overeating. [Solution] A satiety maintaining agent that comprises D-psicose as an active ingredient and a method for maintaining a feeling of satisfaction by consuming D-psicose. [Effect] Satiety can be maintained even though a rise in blood glucose level after a meal is suppressed. Thus, a useful means for maintaining satiety can be provided for people who worry about their blood glucose level or who are health-oriented.


Ultrasound of the pelvis is indicated in cases with suspicion of pelvic fracture, pelvic pain, hind end lameness or poor performance. A complete ultrasound examination of the pelvis includes a transrectal and transcutaneous examination. A multifrequency rectal transducer is used for transrectal examination. The entire accessible surface of the pelvic canal should be evaluated. A repeatable systematic method is best for this examination and can be accomplished in multiple ways. The systematic method of scanning by anatomic region used by the author is explained in this text. However, there are multiple alternatives that would be equally effective, providing that all bony surfaces are properly examined.


: Objective: To compare the postoperative results of a deviated nasal septum corrected by endoscopic and conventional septoplasty. Study design: A prospective study in 110 patients. Place and Duration: In the Otorhinolaryngology (ENT) Department, Services Hospital, Lahore for one year duration from December 2016 to December 2017. Methods: This study was performed in 110 cases (deviation nasal septum) who admitted to the ENT department. After random sampling, we divided them into two groups, treated group A group consisting of 55 patients who underwent endoscopic septoplasty and 55 patients treated group B with conventional septoplasty. Results: Nasal obstruction (95.5%), headache (59.1%) and posterior nasal drip (40%) were observed in patients with endoscopic septoplasty. Conclusion: Endoscopic septoplasty, posterior deviations were corrected and resulted in fewer postoperative complications than conventional septoplasty. In the postoperative follow-up of our 110 patients, it was found that 95.5% of group A and 63.6% of group B were released from nasal obstruction and had no headache at 59 years of age. The group did not have a nasal discharge of 1% and 50% in group B, 20% in group A and 10%. It was 0% (Table 3) in patients with group B whose hyposmia was attenuated. ).


This research is entitled "Improving Student Learning Outcomes with the Poster Making Project on Norms". The subjects of this study were all class VII A students at SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Karangpandan for the 2022/2023 academic year. The purposes of this study were: (1) To find out the learning outcomes of class VII A students at SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Karangpandan before learning was carried out with the poster-making project, (2) To find out how the poster-making project could improve student learning outcomes for class VII A students at SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Karangpandan, and (3) to find out the results of increasing student learning outcomes in class VII A SMP Muhammadiyah 3 Karangpandan after learning by making a poster making project on the subject matter of Norma. Based on the aspects to be achieved, the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method was used in this study because in general CAR is very suitable for improving the quality of research subjects. Based on the results of the research, it was found that the poster making project could improve student learning outcomes on the subject of Norms


The interpretation of low θ-values as evidence of high levels of gene flow among habitat fragments may be confounded by population genetic structures that are indicative of historical rather than present-day levels of gene flow. We examined the genetic structure of 23 populations of Baetis alpinus (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) living in alpine streams fragmented by lakes (ca 10,000 years old), reservoirs (ca 100 years old), and in unfragmented streams, to examine if lakes act as barriers to gene flow and to investigate the temporal resolution of allozyme markers. Estimates of gene flow indicated little or no genetic divergence along 4 unfragmented reference streams and across 2 lakes and 2 reservoirs (θ = 0.004 to 0.041), but marked differentiation across 4 lakes (θ = 0.092 and 0.362) and across one reservoir that was a lake enlarged by a dam (θ = 0.075). Differentiation was unrelated to distance between fragments, but occurred only if lakes occurred in valleys that have been ice-free throughout the Holocene. We suggest that standing water bodies act as barriers to gene flow in B. alpinus and that low θ values observed between fragments separated by reservoirs do not indicate high levels of gene flow but rather show that genetic differentiation was not detectable within the first 100 to 1000 years of habitat fragmentation.


Definable additive categories and their model theory are the topic of this paper. We begin with background and preliminary results on additive categories. Then definable subcategories, their properties and the morphisms between them are investigated, as are certain associated topological spaces (``spectra"). It was in the model theory of modules that these categories were first considered and model theory provides some of the tools for exploring them. Some general model-theoretic background is presented, then various aspects of the model theory of definable categories are considered.


The joint action of two feedback fields in solution magnetic resonance (MR), radiation damping and the distant dipolar field, are known to give rise to nonlinear evolution of the magnetization at high fields. The different stages of the resulting complex dynamics are explored here, and standard tools and terminology adopted from the theory of nonlinear dynamics are introduced to analyze the underlying dynamics. The nonlinear spin dynamics are shown to generate unexpected artifacts in routine MR experiments involving bulk solvents. Approaches to curtail the effects of the joint feedback fields are discussed, as well as applications exploiting these fields as new contrast enhancement mechanisms for MR imaging. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part A 28A: 410–421, 2006


The study is about paralinguistic means of expression in a literary text based on the material of the novel "French Will" by A. Makin, modern French writer of Russian origin. The role of French punctuation as an additional tool of transferring the author's concept is considered. Dots and dash as the most emotionally marked punctuation signs accompany emotional syntax and they are capable to transfer a set of semantic emotional nuances. Dots and dash can be combined with other signs (brackets, exclamation) that allow transferring of additional shades of meanings. In the analysis of the material, we have used comparative and contrastive methods. The research have found that dots and dashes implement as the most expressive punctuation in the text such stylistic phenomena as emotion, intensity and subtext in the composition of the proposals. The main source of these proposals is spoken syntax and, above all, parceling and ellipsis. Punctuation is an important complementary semiotic system, which transmits the actual syntactic component and additional emotional and modal information. Dots and dashes can reinforce such important factors as high frequency of use, concentration of not only logical, but also emotional information, the function of meaning and background knowledge.


The advent of globalisation, individualism and the spread of consumerist capitalism have led to a decline in the sovereignty of the nation-state and restructured the relationship between private and public. These developments have renewed academic interest in, and questioning of, the concept of citizenship. In a particularly influential paper, Isin, basing his analysis in Freud, argues that what we are witnessing in the contemporary democratic West is the rise of the neurotic citizen. The purpose of this article is to respond to and expand upon Isin's arguments, utilising insights from Lacan. In particular, the article explores the relationship between the neurotic and the psychotic. It argues that if Lacan's thesis of the so-called 'decline of the paternal function' is correct, governments increasingly may respond not only to neurotic citizens, but also those who are psychotic. The consequences of this may be more ominous than Isin envisages.


Crampton(i) has criticized the orthodox methods of describing the value of feeding stuffs and has proposed an alternative scheme. He states, however, that any chemical analysis of feeding stuffs is at best only a crude indication of their value to the animal. Similar criticisms of orthodox methods come from Lancaster (2) and from Louw(3) who carried out digestibility trials with sheep. Lancaster, using nine succulent feeds and five different roughages, found high negative correlations between lignin percentage and the digestibility of organic matter and of cellulose. Crampton & Whiting (4) recommend that in describing the proximate constituents of feeds, a determination of their lignin content should be included as an index of relatively indigestible residues. Even lignin (5), however, undergoes some digestion by the ruminant, so that the estimation of digestibilities by means of lignin ratios is open to objection. The use of lignin is open to the additional objection that there are difficulties in its accurate determination(6). Crampton & Whiting determined ether extract on dried material. Ether extraction of plant as well as of animal materials is better done on moist than dried samples. Constituent silica has again been suggested as a marker in digestibility trials with farm animals (7), but this is open to objection because of the inevitable contamination of practically all plant foodstuffs with soil. Moreover, particles of such soil may well be retained in the rumen because of their relatively large density. Lucas (8) has described a method of equalized feeding for studies with dairy cows. Jarl(9) found that overfeeding above maintenance in the dry period was detrimental to the subsequent lactation, though with first-calving heifers there was an increased yield. In the parallel field of sheep husbandry, Briggs, Darlow, Hawkins, Willham & Hauser(iO) claim that it is not economic to feed extra rations to ewes just before lambing. On the other hand, Underwood & Shier(il) found that it was profitable to feed \ lb. of wheat in the last 4 weeks before lambing, since it reduced the incidence of pregnancy toxaemia. In a later study Underwood, Shier & Cariss(l2) found that feeding of \ lb. wheat and \ lb. linseed nuts in the last 2 months of pregnancy had a favourable effect in reducing losses of ewes from pregnancy toxaemia and of lambs at or near lambing time. There was a highly significant increase in the birth weight and growth rate of lambs. Such results are borne out by those of Wallace (13), who showed that extra feeding of ewes during the last 2 months of pregnancy increased both the weight of the lambs at birth and the milk yield of their dams. Wallace also observed that extra feeding during the last 2 months was much more effective than earlier in pregnancy, and that such feeding increased foetal weight more markedly when practised in late pregnancy. The increased milk yields were largely due to increased growth of the secretory tissues of the mammae.


In October 2015 Anthony Head co-led the first international workshop event for the Elastic 3D Space Project in Concordia University, Montreal with Leila Sujir. Together they introduced the topic that covers augmented and virtual reality, outdoor projection and stereoscopy. Presenters were invited and joined by public audience, to engage them with the topic.

Other presenters came from Universities in Australia and Canada, as well as institutions including the National Film Board of Canada.

The event led to a successful funding bid for an International Colloquium in February 2016.


In location systems there are two important parameters, namely, the distance error variance and the detection probability, which are usually investigated. Both of them paly a major role for the performance of location systems. In practice, tradeoff between them is always carried out to improve the system performance under particular conditions e.g. in bandlimited channels. In this paper it will show a new approach MCR (Multi-Correlation Receiver) based on PN (Pseudo Noise)-Chirp codes improving the detection probability under multiply access in ultrasonic positioning systems while maintaining the system update rate.


Katzenstein's thesis that political structures have fostered a politics of caution and consensus that has encouraged both depoliticization of issues and incremental policy adjustment. This dynamic helps to explain why the return to power of the Christian Democrats in 1982 and Chancellor Kohl's much vaunted Wende have not translated into dramatic policy reversals. It correspondingly suggests why neo-conservatism of the Thatcherite or Reaganite variety is unlikely to prevail in the West German policy context. Katzenstein is careful to point out that the taming of power, which he sees as basic to his concept of the semisovereign state, does not predict the blockages inherent in Crozier's "bureaucratic phenomenon." In other words, incrementalism (German style) does not equal immobilism. Following a plan common to all the volumes in the series, "Policy and Politics in Industrial States," the six policy chapters are organized according to a standard format (context/agenda/process/consequences). Each one represents a valuable contribution to the analysis of a specific policy sector, while collectively they add to our knowledge of German politics and comparative policy patterns. Most importantly, all put meat on the bones of the semisovereign skeleton and do so in a very convincing way. Looking at the entire volume, one must be impressed by its scope and depth; the quality of analysis found here sets a standard for the discipline of political science as a whole. It is a book to be read with care by anyone purporting to be familiar with modern German politics, and it certainly will be essential reading for the next generation of students and researchers alike in the burgeoning fields of comparative policy analysis and political economy.


Abstract The convex analytic approach which is dual, in some sense, to dynamic programming, is useful for the investigation of multicriteria control problems. It is well known for discrete time models, and the current paper presents similar results for the continuous time case. Namely, we define and study the space of occupation measures, and apply the abstract convex analysis to the study of constrained problems. Finally, we briefly consider a meaningful example on a controlled bicriteria Markovian queue.


Single and competitive removal of Cd and Cu from aqueous solutions by using Darco 12–20 mesh granular activated carbon in column systems has been investigated. Seven experiments modifying the initial pH and the flow rate were performed. Results showed the efficiency of activated carbon as a sorbent for both metals. pH is shown to be the decisive parameter on metal removal in the column; metal removal increases when the influent pH value is raised. The influence of the flow rate for the experimental conditions is negligible. Batch adsorption and column data are compared. Column modeling assuming local equilibrium and rate-controlled pore diffusion was performed.


In the year 2000, Central Council for Research in Yoga and Naturopathy, (CCRYN) Ministry of Health, New Delhi sanctioned a YOGA RESEARCH PROJECT with Dr Madanmohan (Director-Professor and Head, Dept of Physiology) as Principal Investigator and Dr Gopal Krushna Pal (Associate Professor, Physiology) as co-investigator. The author (Yogacharya Dr Ananda Balayogi Bhavanani) is the Senior Research Fellow of the project while Shri G Kumaran and Miss Lalithambika are the Yoga teacher and technical assistant respectively.


This paper presents a multistage approach for the day-ahead scheduling of a local energy community (LEC) aimed at considering the uncertainty associated to both the generation from renewable sources and the energy consumption. The considered LEC corresponds to a community of prosumers connected to the same distribution power network. In general, the considered prosumers are equipped with photovoltaic generating units, energy storage units, and local loads. The scheduling of the LEC is defined by a distributed optimization procedure based on the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM), which minimizes the total energy procurement costs. The adopted approach adjusts the operational planning according to the current operative conditions by means of a scenario-based multistage procedure. This paper describes the scenario tree generation and an intraday decision-making procedure based on the day-ahead solution. Moreover, numerical tests are presented for several operating scenarios.


This research aims at gaining information of 1) cooperative learning trategy of STAD (Student Teams Achievement Divisions), 2) obstacles in cooperative learning strategy of STAD, 3) solutions in cooperative learning trategy of STAD of Fiqh subject for 8th grades students at SMP IT Al Ma"ruf Mranggen Demak in 2017/2018. This research used qualitative approach conducted at SMP IT Al Ma"ruf Mranggen Demak from November to December 2017. Subject of this research was cooperative learning strategy of STAD . Informants were Fiqh teacher,
Principal, Vice Principal, and 8th grades students. Technique of collecting data used observation, interview, and documentation. Technique of data validity used
riangulation of source and method. Data analysis used interactive model encompassing data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The results of this research show that 1) Management of cooperative earning strategy of STAD consists of three main parts; Planning of STAD
earning is by arranging learning strategy plan, Implementation of STAD learning has been run well based on guidance content of learning strategy implementation,
.e. content, time, media, learning purpose, material display, group classification, quiz, scoring, reward; and Evaluation of STAD learning reveals that there is
tudents" interest on the application of cooperative learning strategy of STAD, 2) Obstacles of Cooperative Learning Strategy of STAD are low preparation,
carefulness in making quiz question, low attention in conditioning time and class, competition among the groups, dominancy of smart students, more attention given
by the teacher for active group than passive group, 3) Solutions of Cooperative Learning Strategy of STAD are Principal"s support, fixed preparation, teacher"s
carefulness in making quiz questions, teacher"s ability in conditioning class, and also the use of time effectively and efficiently.

Keywords: Strategy of Cooperative Learning


Transient Potential Receptor (TRP) ion channels are a diverse superfamily of multimodal molecular sensors that respond to a wide variety of stimuli, including mechanical, chemical, and thermal. TRP channels are present in most eukaryotes but best understood in mammalian, worm, and fly genetic models, where they are expressed in diverse cell-types and commonly associated with the nervous system. Here, we characterized TRP superfamily gene and genome evolution to better understand origins and evolution of molecular sensors, brains, and behavior in animals and help advance development of novel genetic technologies, like sonogenetics. We developed a flexible push-button bioinformatic and phylogenomic pipeline, GIGANTIC, that generated genome-based gene and species trees and enabled phylogenetic characterization of challenging remote homologs and distantly-related organisms deep in evolution. We identified complete sets of TRP superfamily ion channels, with over 3000 genes in 22 animal phyla and 70 species having publicly-available sequenced genomes, including 3 unicellular outgroups. We then identified clusters of TRP family members in genomes, evaluated gene models per cluster, and repaired split gene models. We also produced whole-organism PacBio transcriptomes for five species to independently validate our gene model assessment and model repairs. We find that many TRP families exhibited numerous and often extensive expansions in different phyla. Some expansions represent local clusters on respective genomes, a trend that is likely undercounted due to varied quality in genome assemblies and annotations of non-model organisms. Our work expands known TRP diversity across animals, including addition of previously uncharacterized phyla and identification of unrecognized homologs in previously characterized species.


Ten nadicimide/methyl nadicimide end-capped oligomeric resins were prepared by reacting endo-5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride (methyl nadic anhydride), pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA)/3,3',4,4'-benzophenone tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (BTDA)/2,2-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane dianhydride (6F), and bis(3-aminophenyl) methyl phospine oxide (BAP) in glacial acetic acid/ acetone. Structural characterization of the resins was done by elemental analysis, IR, and 1 H-NMR. Multistep decomposition was observed in the TG scan of uncured resins in a nitrogen atmosphere. Residual weight at 800°C depended on the structure and ranged between 25 and 51%. Isothermal curing of the resins was done at 300°C for 1 h in an air atmosphere. These cured resins were stable to 350 ± 30°C and decomposed in a single step above this temperature. The char yield of the resins increased on curing and was in the range 34-70%.


Argentina is home to the largest Jewish community in the Hispanic world and the second largest in the Western hemisphere. During successive political and social regimes, Argentina alternately barred Jews from entering the country and recruited them to immigrate; persecuted Jews as heretics or worse and welcomed them as productive settlers; restricted Jews by law and invested them with the fullest rights of citizenship. This volume traces the shifting patterns of Jewish immigration and Argentine immigration policy, both as manifestations of cultural and historical processes and as forces shaping the emergence of a large and energetic Jewish community. Within Argentina, many Jews followed traditional immigration strategies by consolidating communities and institutions in Buenos Aires and other cities. But many others settled on the land, in agricultural colonies sponsored by Baron Maurice de Hirsch's Jewish Colonization Association, a group with far-reaching impact that is examined closely in this book. The Israeli kibbutz movement drew strength from the Argentine farming colonies, when beginning in 1949 groups of Argentine Jews emigrated to Israel to found kibbutzes. Eventually, in the face of political and economic upheavals with anti-Semitic undercurrents, almost 40,000 Jews left Argentina for Israel. A country of absorption became a country of exodus, and Zionism became a central focus of Argentine Jewry, interlocking families and fates separated by oceans and continents.


Loegering. IgG-coated erythrocytes augment the lipopolysac-charide-stimulated increase in serum tumor necrosis factor- (cid:97) . Am. J. Physiol. 276 ( Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 45): R171–R177, 1999.—Previous studies have shown that the injection of IgG-coated erythrocytes (EIgG) caused an increase in the mortality rate due to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This observation led to the present evaluation of the effect of EIgG on the LPS-stimulated increase in serum tumor necrosis factor- (cid:97) (TNF- (cid:97) ) levels and TNF- (cid:97) secretion by macrophages. The prior injection of EIgG augmented the increase in LPS-stimulated serum TNF- (cid:97) levels ninefold at 1 h after LPS. Serum TNF- (cid:97) levels were augmented when LPS was injected 2 or 6 h after EIgG but not at 0.5 or 12 h after EIgG. Complement activation caused by EIgG may contribute to the priming for TNF- (cid:97) , because activation of complement with cobra venom factor caused a threefold augmentation of the LPS-stimulated serum TNF- (cid:97) levels. Isolated macrophages that had ingested EIgG or were adherent to immobilized IgG showed augmented TNF- (cid:97) secretion in response to LPS. Thus clearance of immune complexes from the blood can augment the LPS-stimulated increase in serum TNF- (cid:97) levels that is due, in part, to complement activation and signaling via Fc (cid:103) R. horse-radish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG. Horserad- ish peroxidase substrate was reaction was stopped with phosphoric acid. Absorbance was TNF- (cid:97) was determined from a stan-dard curve of recombinant murine TNF- (cid:97) (Genzyme). TNF- (cid:97) results from the L929 assay and were compared by linear regression analysis of samples measured with both assays. Twenty serum samples and twenty-nine samples r of 0.867 ( P (cid:44) and 0.767 ( P (cid:44) 0.001), respectively. Compari-sons


In semiconductor laser diodes, high refractive index epitaxial layers can act as parasitic waveguides and cause severe losses to the mode propagating in the laser waveguide. For (Al,In)GaN laser diodes the parasitic modes are typically caused by the SiC or GaN substrate or buffer layers. Substrate modes have an impact on near-field and far-field of the waveguide mode, on laser threshold, and on gain spectra. We present scanning near-field measurements of the substrate mode and demonstrate that the period of the standing wave in the GaN substrate varies over a wide range and critically depends on the effective refractive index of the waveguide mode.


Chen Shaomo is a well-known scholar,who always smartly to walk on the tumultuous earth,he had grasped extraordinary wisdom,which can lead him to the clarity of the life.On the other hand,Chen Shaomo is a poetic artist,who had constructed a poetic habitat for himself by the creation of beauty.After entering old age,Chen Shaomo had not experienced the Hovering and hesitation,between into the world and out of the world,or human society and the great beyond.On the contrary,he finally had chosen the poetic habitat in the blatant city.As the choice that based on the nature of poet,Chen Shaomo had accomplished spirit'save oneself and soul's return.


The paper dates from the origin and discusses the name of the Plyometrics, and also it's physiological mechanism is analyzed to increase power, and finally, puts forward the problems being noticed when it is designed.


Credit is an important instrument that can enable small-scale business operators overcome their liquidity constraints. The objectives of the study included to determine the effect of management skills on credit access among small-scale youth enterprise projects, find out whether interest rates affect credit access among small-scale youth enterprise; evaluate the effect of the number of lenders on credit access among small-scale youth enterprise projects and to find out the effect of collateral on credit access among small-scale youth enterprise projects in Kiambu County. This study adopted a cross-sectional survey design of the factors affecting credit access among small-scale youth enterprise projects in Kiambu County. The study population of the study consisted of all the small-scale youth enterprise projects in Kiambu County and the ministry of youth and sports department in Kiambu County. Primary data was collected by the use of questionnaires. Data was analyzed by the use of qualitative and quantitative techniques. The data was analyzed using SPSS to generate frequency distributions and percentages to assist the researcher in answering the research questions. From the study findings some of the factors that the respondents stated affected credit access were: interest rate charged by the banks, level of literacy, the number of lending institutions and the demand for collateral by banks. The coefficient for interest rates negatively relates to credit access among small-scale youth enterprise farming projects in Kiambu County. A unit decrease in interest rate leads to an increase in credit access by 31%, other factors remaining constant. It is indicated from the study findings that the number of lenders positively relate to credit access among small-scale youth enterprise farming projects in Kiambu County. The study findings show that the coefficient for collateral positively relates to credit access among small-scale youth enterprise farming projects in Kiambu County. It can be concluded that management skills, interest rates, the number of lenders and collateral affect credit access from micro financial institutions among small-scale youth enterprise farming projects. High interest rates charged by banks lead them to prefer personal savings and family sources of income. Since majority did not own assets they could not provide collateral for loans which is a requirement to access loan. Key words. Credit Access, Youth Enterprises, Microfinance Institutions. Credit is an important instrument that can enable small-scale business operators overcome their liquidity constraints. The objectives of the study included to determine the effect of management skills on credit access among small scale youth enterprise projects, find out whether interest rates affect credit access among small scale youth enterprise; evaluate the effect of the number of lenders on credit access among small scale youth enterprise projects and to find out the effect of collateral on credit access among small scale youth enterprise projects in Kiambu County. This study adopted a cross sectional survey design of the factors affecting credit access among small scale youth enterprise projects in Kiambu County. The study population of the study consisted of all the small scale youth enterprise projects in Kiambu County and the ministry of youth and sports department in Kiambu County. Primary data was collected by the use of questionnaires. Data was analyzed by the use of qualitative and quantitative techniques. The data was analyzed using SPSS to generate frequency distributions and percentages to assist the researcher in answering the research questions. From the study findings some of the factors that the respondents stated affected credit access were: interest rate charged by the banks, level of literacy, the number of lending institutions and the demand for collateral by banks. The coefficient for interest rates negatively relates to credit access among small scale youth enterprise farming projects in Kiambu County. A unit decrease in interest rate leads to an increase in credit access by 31%, other factors remaining constant. It is indicated from the study findings that the number of lenders positively relate to credit access among small scale youth enterprise farming projects in Kiambu County. The study findings show that the coefficient for collateral positively relates to credit access among small scale youth enterprise farming projects in Kiambu County. It can be concluded that management skills, interest rates, the number of lenders and collateral affect credit access from micro financial institutions among small scale youth enterprise farming projects. High interest rates charged by banks lead them to prefer personal savings and family sources of income. Since majority did not own assets they could not provide collateral for loans which is a requirement to access loan. Key words: Credit Access, Microfinancial Institutions, Youth Enterprises


This article analyzes the process and probable effects of China's entry into the WTO from several different angles. The prospect of China's membership has been controversial, both within China and in the international community, slowing the process considerably. A key factor pushing China's application forward has been China's significant move toward a market-oriented economy in the 1990s. However, adapting to the negotiated WTO package will be only part of the major changes China is likely to experience in the coming decade. This article benefited from information and insights gained during five months of research, teaching and travel in China in 2000.


In borehole seismics several methods are in use while drilling. In the case of small layer structures, for instance thin layers or faults, the resolution of surface seismic methods is often not sufficient to determine and locate these structures for exploration. Combining a seismic source and receiver in a common device in the drill string would increase the seismic resolution. In the project SPWD such a prototype of a device has been designed, manufactured and tested. The used source signal frequencies are up to 5000 Hz, which allows a resolution of up to one metre. The resolution is therefore significantly higher than for VSP and SWD. With a penetration depth of about 100 metres an exploration of the borehole surrounding is possible. By applying this method while drilling the risks and costs of drilling can be minimized because of the possibility of adjusting the drill path and locating small sought-after structures.


Predicting the success of Conversational Task Assistants (CTA) can be critical to understand user behavior and act accordingly. In this paper, we propose TB-Rater, a Transformer model which combines conversational-flow features with user behavior features for predicting user ratings in a CTA scenario. In particular, we use real human-agent conversations and ratings collected in the Alexa TaskBot challenge, a novel multimodal and multi-turn conversational context. Our results show the advantages of modeling both the conversational-flow and behavioral aspects of the conversation in a single model for offline rating prediction. Additionally, an analysis of the CTA-specific behavioral features brings insights into this setting and can be used to bootstrap future systems.


Interaction systems.- Strong normalization of typeable rewrite systems.- A transformation system combining partial evaluation with term rewriting.- Prototyping relational specifications using higher-order objects.- Origin tracking for higher-order term rewriting systems.- Theory interpretation in simple type theory.- The semantics of SPECTRUM.- ATLAS: A typed language for algebraic specification.- Compilation of Combinatory Reduction Systems.- Specification and verification in higher order algebra: A case study of convolution.- Ordered and continuous models of higher-order specifications.- Rewriting properties of combinators for rudimentary linear logic.- Comparing combinatory reduction systems and higher-order rewrite systems.- Termination proofs for higher-order rewrite systems.- Extensions of initial models and their second-order proof systems.


Are you familiar with the abbreviation IoT? You soon will be if the big consumer tech brands have anything to do with it.


Self-lubricating bearings liner is a fabric that can extend the period of use of spherical plain bearing. In this paper, the structural parameter of self-lubricating bearings liner was discussed. Taking MPIA as warp, respectively the MPIA/PTFE twisting yarn and PET/PTFE twisting yarn as weft, we obtained 12 fabrics by changing the weft surface effect of fabric structure, linear density and twist of weft. Then, the wear resistance and frictional property of the fabrics were tested, and the relationship between the factors was analyzed. The data shows that the wear resistance and frictional properties of the fabric with change of different factors. In comprehensive, more suitable self-lubricating bearings liner can be made by selecting MPIA and MPIA/PTFE twisting yarn intertwined, increasing weft surface effect, with moderate weft twist factor, and increasing weft linear density.


The article describes the design and implementation of adaptive lighting on the road, or dynamic regulation of lighting in Ústí nad Labem, and the experience acquired from the assessment of benefits of this solution. Important aspects for installing the public lighting on the road include traffic safety and correct illumination of the road according to the legislation in effect. Within new researches, requirements for suitable temperature set-up, chromaticity, dazzling prevention, reduced light pollution and other parameters having impact not only on the quality of lighting but also on the ambient life are specified more precisely. Dynamic regulation modifying the lighting intensity depending on the amount of vehicles and their presence is to help not only meet the requirements of the standard, but also include other parameters of the illumination system, and last but not least to increase power savings and reduce CO2. This text also mentions a suitable method of output regulation using DALI and the use of wireless communication through the MESH network using the non-licence band.


If we know the basketball players' personality traits, training can be organized and developed so that it stimulates the improvement of their psychic capacity, as a constitutive element of the performance capacity in its


The procurement agency of the French ministry of defense has developed large test facilities to study the susceptibility of electronic-based weapons to HPE. To illustrate a methodology and its associated tools, this paper focus on the High-Power Microwaves whose methodology needs the use of original capabilities. At first, the best coupling and susceptibility are studied in terms of frequency, polarization and incidence. Then, the vulnerability is determined with high-level test systems.


Communication problems contribute enormously to medication errors and adverse events. Encouraging patient engagement can help to facilitate effective medication management.


Aim. To study the relation of autonomic disorders severity, energy and lipid metabolism parameters, immune, hormonal disorders and structural and functional changes of the myocardium in patients with chronic prostatitis. Methods. The study included 75 patients with chronic prostatitis, who were divided into two groups: the first group consisted of 48 patients with the sympathetic autonomous nervous system hyper activation, the second group - of 27 patients with autonomic balance. Echocardiography, 24-hour ECG monitoring with heart rate variability analysis were performed in all patients. The overall serum level of non-esterified fatty acids and glycerol, red blood cells levels of macroergic substances, lipid and long-chain fatty acids fractions were measured. Hormonal profile included estimation of total testosterone level, sex hormone-binding globulin, calculated free testosterone index. Serum cytokines profile was also studied. Results. In patients with sympathetic activity and prostatitis, most of heart rate variability parameters were significantly lower compared to patients with autonomic balance and controls. Patients with left ventricle diastolic dysfunction had higher serum concentrations of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Dysautonomia with prolonged sympathetic autonomous nervous system hyper activation was frequently found in patient with chronic prostatitis (64% of cases), contributing to low fatty acids utilization in myocardium and reduced levels of glycerol (by 32.3%) and adenosine triphosphate (by 49.5%) in erythrocytes. These disorders were accompanied by left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in 19.2% of patients and by arrhythmias in over than a half of patients. Conclusion. Autonomic disorders (sympathetic autonomous nervous system hyper activation associated with decreased parasympathetic control of the cardiovascular system) are quite common in patients with chronic prostatitis, leading to fatty acids utilization impairment, resulting in blood accumulation of non-esterified fatty acids, low serum glycerol levels, adenine nucleotide imbalance) accompanied by low unbound testosterone level, serum cytokines profile imbalance, reduction of cardiac hemodynamic indicators and development of cardiac arrhythmias.


I would like to congratulate Muneshwar JN, Mirza Shiraz Baig, Zingade US, Khan ST for highlighting a very important issue regarding the teaching methods for health care professionals. Study has proved the Chinese proverb: "If I hear, I forget; if I see, I remember; if I do, I know". Along with this I want to focus little on "podcast" as new teaching method.

At present, education trend have changed from pedagogy to andragogy i.e. from a teacher-centered learning to a student-centered learning. These methods of education trends have identified many different learning styles as well. So, now it has become necessary for educators to train themselves to upcoming teaching methods.

Many new teaching methods are evolving in the current electronic world. In which Podcasts as a supplement to live lectures is one of the teaching method, which have been adopted by many universities. Podcasting is user friendly, where information is recorded, then uploaded to a website or published through programs like iTunes and made accessible to students. The file can then be played on a computer or digital player.

Recently many studies have been conducted using podcast as a new aid and its effectiveness. Studies have shown that audio podcasts as an effective aid for review before exams, enhancing student performance; acceptability and perceived utility of podcasts was good among students. Introduction of podcasts in the beginning will offer the students a lot of flexibility in learning, with regard to place and time.

Podcasts as a supplement to live lectures as teaching method has open up for future research to assess their utility on a long-term basis so as to pave the way for introducing podcasts as one of the teaching method.


CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have transformed the treatment of patients with relapsed or refractory CD19-positive hematologic malignancies. However, a significant subset of these patients either fails to respond or eventually relapses. Moreover, patients who are candidates for CART-19 therapy often have symptomatic disease that requires some form of treatment to support them during the manufacture period. An ideal bridging therapy would simultaneously both (1) sensitize the tumor to CART-19 attack to increase antitumor control and (2) debulk the disease during manufacture. Radiotherapy (RT) is an established curative and palliative cancer treatment regimen, with approximately half of cancer patients with solid tumors receiving RT some time during their disease. Several reports have underscored the existence of threshold doses (and regimens) that are able to switch on different damage programs that profoundly affect responses to therapy by eliciting potent immune modulatory effects, prompting immunologically mediated tumor cell death. These effects have been attributed to multiple pathways, including the activation of the cGMP-cAMP Synthetase (cGAS), Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) pathway with Type I Interferons expression, and tumor associated antigen (TAA) cross priming with anti-tumor CD8+ T cell elicitation, ultimately inducing "abscopal" effects. By virtue of the immunomodulatory effects of RT, we hypothesize that RT could serve as a successful bridging strategy for CAR T-cell therapy. To investigate this hypothesis we established the A20 Lymphoma CART-19 therapy mouse model in our lab and use it to perform preliminaries experiments. A20 cells were implanted into both flanks of the animals. Mimicking human immune adjuvant dose used in our institute for RT bridging, 20 days after the A20 challenge we RT treated one of the two tumors using a dose of 8Gy divided in two fractions of 4Gy each. Twenty-four hours later 1x10ep6 CART-19 cells were infused intravenously. While the effects of RT in combination with CART-19 have similar impact on the tumor growth of the irradiated mass a significant increase of the antitumor effects of the single therapy was observed on the non-irradiated tumor. FACS studies demonstrated heavy leukocytes infiltration with increased presence of infused CART-19 as well indigenous T cells. To investigate possible molecular mechanisms involved in the increased effects on the non-irradiated tumor, we perform a qPCR array and observed increased expression of genes linked to cross priming, including IFN type I and Batf3. A20 cells express the ectopic retroviral antigen gp70 with well characterized AH1 immune-dominant epitope. AH1 tetramer staining on infiltrating T cells demonstrated increase staining in tumor from mice treated with the combination. Overall these results suggest RT may serve as optimal debulking and adjuvant bridging therapy for CAR-T cells therapy.
 Citation Format: Nektarios Kostopoulos, Costanitnos Koumeins, John P. Plastaras, Stephen J. Schuster, Andrea Facciabene. Radiation therapy for bridging and improving CAR-T cells therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3449.


Self-mutilation behavior is defined as the deliberate,iterative and nonlethal destruction or alteration of body tissue without conscious suicidal intention.This paper briefly reviews the definition of self-mutilation behavior,and summarizes some influential models of self-mutilation abroad,including environment functional model,drive functional model,emotional regulation functional model,boundary functional model,and experiential avoidance functional model.Finally,it suggests that further research is needed to improve the measurement aspects of functions and points out the importance of this research field in China.


Electroluminescent diodes with active layers of Al0.5Ga0.5P bulk alloy (b‐AL), (AlP)5/(GaP)5 ordered superlattice (o‐SL), and (AlP)m/(GaP)n (m,n=3,6,9) disordered superlattice (d‐SL) are fabricated by organometallic vapor phase epitaxy using tertiarybutylphosphine. Stronger injection electroluminescence is observed from the d‐SL diode as compared with the b‐AL and the o‐SL diodes. The total light output of the d‐SL diode is about 4–5 times stronger than that of the b‐AL and the o‐SL diodes. The result indicates the remarkable luminescence capability of the d‐SL.


uncover. In his editorial preface, Craig Calhoun makes a valiant effort to bring everything together under the roof of 'the politics of identity', but, as the essays themselves reveal, even that phrase covers an enormous range of ideas and interpretations. For Norbert Wiley, for example, 'the politics of identity is the struggle over the qualities attributed, socially and institutionally, to individuals and groupings of individuals' (p. 131). For Todd Gitlin, on the other hand, 'identity politics is a form of self-understanding, an orientation toward the world, and a structure of feeling which is characteristic of developed industrial societies' (p. 153). Now these two definitions are not necessarily mutually exclusive, in fact they could rather easily be cojoined, providing there was some sort of exchange between these two authors.


Shugoshin proteins are evolutionary conserved across eukaryotes with some species-specific cellular functions ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation. Shugoshin being present at various subcellular locales, acts as an adaptor to mediate various protein-protein interactions in a spatio-temporal manner. Here, we characterize shugoshin (Sgo1) in the human fungal pathogen, Candida albicans. Interestingly, we discover a novel in vivo localization of Sgo1 along the length of the mitotic spindle. Further, Sgo1 performs a hitherto unknown function of facilitating timely disassembly of spindle in this organism. We observe that Sgo1 retains its centromeric localization and performs its conserved functions that include regulating the centromeric condensin localization, chromosome passenger complex (CPC) maintenance and sister chromatid biorientation. We identify novel roles of Sgo1 as a spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) component with functions in maintaining the SAC proteins, Mad2 and Bub1, at the kinetochores, in response to faulty kinetochore-microtubule attachments. These findings provide an excellent evidence of the functional rewiring of shugoshin in maintaining genomic stability.


We present the results of our calculations for the elastic scattering of 800 MeV/[ital c] charged pions from the [sup 12]C and [sup 40]Ca nuclei using a strong absorption approximation. These results are found to be in excellent agreement with the experimental data. We also discuss the validity of this approximation within the context of high energy pion-nucleus elastic scattering.


We have discussed a new cluster model of α-decay and cluster radioactivity: the density-dependent cluster model(DDCM),which is based on the microscopic nuclear potential and Coulomb potential.DDCM can give accurate theoretical half-lives for various decays of nuclei in a unified framework.Through a systematical calculation of half-lives of α-decay and cluster radioactivity,we find that the deviation between DDCM and experiment is usually less than a factor of 3.This good agreement shows that the density-dependent cluster model can further provide reliable predictions for future experiments.


Job-shop scheduling problem(JSP)is one of the most difficult combinatorial optimization problems which are widely applied to the practical production.The purpose of job-shop scheduling is to minimize the completion time.Aiming at batch process scheduling problem,several schemes are analyzed and compared.A partheno-genetic operation(PGO)for crossover operation in JSP is proposed in order to avoid unfeasible solutions. Finally,an example is given and the results of these schemes show that the different optimal scheduling results will be obtained by different schemes.Therefore,these schemes can provide certain instructional significance for practical production.


OBJECTIVE To investigate the features and epidemiological characteristics of human granulocytic anaplasmosis(HGA).METHODS The relevant information on clinical cases and laboratory diagnostic data were gathered.The risk factors for infections and epidemiological characteristics were analyzed.RESULTS The secondary patient had close contact with the patient with primary infection.All the patients were characterized by fever,progressive leucopenia and thrombocytopenia of unknown causes,elevated serum aminotransferase level,negative PCR diagnosis for HGA and peripheral suspected moruloid inclusion body.CONCLUSION Human granulocytic anaplasmosis can be transmitted through certain body fluids.The medical workers should pay attention to the protective isolation in the diagnosis and treatment.


This quantitative research focuses on integration in the content environment in learning at Madrasah Aliyah Mamuju, West Sulawesi. From the results of this study found that the integration of the environment has been applied in several fields of study, namely geography, economics, art and culture, sociology, biology, physics, history, and sport, in accordance with applicable national syllabus. However, the devel opment of PLH in MAN Mamuju can not be developed to its full potential as a teacher resource area of study is still very limited.


This study examines labour markets in Scandinavia. Scandinavian labour market policies have always represented one of the strongest alternatives to those adopted by recent governments in the UK and USA, and the ability of these countries to maintain such low unemployment is currently of great interest to the economists. The key issue in the book concerns the possibilities of combining wage moderation with active employment policies. Other central issues concern the impact on wages of productivity changes, tax policies, devaluations and working time development as well as of changing institutional conditions. The book analyzes both wage formation in the individual Nordic economies and general aspects of Nordic wage-setting institutions, in particular the relation between centralized bargaining and wage drift. The aim has been to apply modern union and bargaining theories of wage formation.


Abstract Although prior research on late-career entrepreneurship has explored the effects of financial, human, and social capital on the intentions to engage in entrepreneurial activity within the domains of a developed economy, little research has investigated this scholarship in the context of a push perspective within a developing economy. This study endeavors to meet this gap by investigating the effects of financial, social, and human capital and the personal dispositional traits on the entrepreneurial intentions among early retirees in the ICT sector of Pakistan. Based on the collected data from the web-based questionnaire and personally administered surveys and interviews from 345 respondents who face a survival challenge in the aftermath of a job loss, we make use of hierarchical logistic regression to periodically explore the independent and combined effects of the financial, social and human capital and the impact of a stable dispositional trait of fear of failure on the entrepreneurial intention. Being one of the foremost studies to address the late-career entrepreneurship phenomenon in a developing economy, this study has to offer notable contributions to entrepreneurship literature. Consistent with prior research, we observe support for the individual influence of various elements of financial, social, and human capital and the fear of failure on the intentions to engage in an entrepreneurial career. Results also demonstrate considerable evidence for the interaction effects among financial, human, and social capital as well as among different measures of financial capital, human capital, and the fear of failure. Discussion about the results is furnished followed by limitations and future research implications.


The condition of any system deteriorates overtime due to usage, environmental effect and aging. Preventive maintenance is often conducted to restore the system's condition and to prevent failures. Preventive maintenance activities are usually imperfect, meaning that the system failure rate increases with the increase in the number of repairs being carried out. Monitoring the time between failures can help in deciding whether further maintenance is beneficial or is no longer effective. In this paper, we introduce a Time Between Events chart for monitoring the failure events of imperfect maintained Weibull distributed system. We study the performance of the chart various performance measures. We provide an illustrative example using a dataset from the literature and an extensive case study from a painting shop, where a robotic system is operated. Further, we introduce a reliability scheme for monitoring the process where the application of the developed chart is elaborated.


It is important t hat find out the characteristics of 137 Cs dist ribution at karst slopes and for determi2
ning t he feasibility of estimating soil loss for karst slopes by t he 137 Cs t racing technique. The st udy for 137 Cs
dist ribution characteristics at a talus2type karst slope was carried out at Huanjiang Experimental Station of
Kar st Ecosystem , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Huanjiang County , Guangxi , sout hwestern China recently.
The p reliminary result s showed t hat 137 Cs dist ribution characteristics at t he st udy slope without soil erosion
including : (1) the 137 Cs areal activities of the slope soils were much lower t han t he local reference inventory ;
(2) t he surface soil s at study slope had high 137 Cs specific activities ; (3) t he 137 Cs spatial dist ribution had a
great variation. It is very important to find out t he characteristic of 137 Cs dist ribution in soil s at kar st slope
for distinguish t he applicability of 137 Cs technique for estimating t he soil losses. The reasons why t he 137 Cs
areal activities of non2soil erosion slope soils were much lower than t he local reference inventory possibly in2
cluding : (1) t he 137 Cs absorption amount were limit due to t he coarse granularity and thin soil covering ; (2)
t here are large area bared rocks dist ributing at t he karst slopes. The 137 Cs dust reaching t he land surface wit h
precipitation were not absorbed by bared rock basically , and t hen a greater proportion of 137 Cs lost wit h run2
off during t he nuclear bomb test s ; (3) t he dissolutions of carbonate grain in soil s promoted the losses of 137 Cs
dust . It is recommended that t he current 137 Cs t racing met hods could not be used for estimating t he soil losses
at kar st slopes.


The works of Bhatt, Khan, Jaju and Bhatt, Owen, Jaju, which deal with two prey species living in two different habitats with one predator specie, which is allowed to switch towards the most abundant prey specie, are extended by allowing the predators to attack the two prey species in two different ways and allowing harvesting of the prey species to be different for each specie and different from the predator-prey interactions. The stability of non-zero equilibrium states is examined and conditions for stability are obtained. Using the conversion rate of prey to predator as a bifurcation parameter, conditions for a bifurcation to occur are obtained. A Hopf bifurcation theorem is also presented. Six hypothetical systems are considered and corresponding bifurcation points determined. Graphic results for only one such system are displayed.


It is commonplace in higher education institutions, for a large number of informal business processes to be handled through e-mail. However, e-mail fails to properly support traceability, and it fosters artifact duplication. This paper introduces GEARS: a solution to the e-mail overuse phenomenon. GEARS is a new approach to ad-hoc workflow systems that focuses on keeping the simplicity of the email user experience while implementing a participation-driven process execution.


This article discuss on the urgent of developing Islamic law method with syariah cum reality
method. This article based on history analysis, through the history of first Islamic law development
method. This article based on history analysis, through the history of first Islamic law development
or the development of Islamic law in Indonesia, and the diversification of Islamic law discover
or the development of Islamic law in Indonesia, and the diversification of Islamic law discover
methodology from the ancient schools and contemporary Islamic law scholar. The core of all
methodology from the ancient schools and contemporary Islamic law scholar. The core of all
discuss, it€™s needs seriously effort to formulate the Islamic law paradigm, the Islamic law approach,
discuss, it€™s needs seriously effort to formulate the Islamic law paradigm, the Islamic law approach,
the Methodology of Islamic law discovery and the application of the method on new case of
the Methodology of Islamic law discovery and the application of the method on new case of
social problem. The expectation of this studies, the transformative, humanize and practice
social problem. The expectation of this studies, the transformative, humanize and practice
Islamic Law. Not, the dogmatic and formality fiqh.
Islamic Law. Not, the dogmatic and formality fiqh.
Keywords: Fiqh, Metode Penemuan Hukum, Sejarah Hukum Islam
Keywords: Fiqh, Metode Penemuan Hukum, Sejarah Hukum Islam


Qualitative simulation is the process of deriving a partial characterization of the behavior of a dynamic system given only weak information about it. For example, if we see an irregularly shaped can of water with a hole in the bottom, we can predict that the water will drain out with a steadily decreasing rate of flow, but without more precise information we cannot state what the rate of flow will be, or how long it will take for the can to empty. The AI study of qualitative simulation began with Johan de Kleer's Newton program of 1977. The field rapidly gathered momentum, and in 1984, a special issue of Artijicial Intelligence was devoted to the subject (reprinted as Qualitative Reasoning about Physical Systems, MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1985). Particularly notable in that issue were descriptions of three systems that have become standards in the field: de Kleer and Brown's Envision, Forbus' QP, and Kuipers' QSIM. Since that time, these programs -particularly QP and QSIM -have been widely studied, applied, and extended, both by their original creators and by researchers worldwide. Now, in Qualitative Reasoning, Ben Kuipers describes QSIM and its many extensions, including their theoretical foundations, implementations, and domain applications. The book is written in textbook style, with careful explanations, a wealth of examples worked through in detail, and exercises ranging from simple homework problems to doctoral-level research projects. The style is consistently clear, precise, and engaging. A student with a minimal background in differential equations will find it a pleasant and easy introduction to the field of qualitative simulation. The student will also gain a solid knowledge of the techniques involved, as well as a gut feeling for the kinds of problems the techniques reasonably address and the kinds of information they provide. Chapters 1-7 present the basic QSIM program as described in Arti$cial Intelligence. This is well-worn ground, but the


Three poly(vinylidene fluoride) whole polymers were fractionated according to their head-to-head concentrations. Their melting temperatures and fusion properties were studied. Although small but significant differences were found among the fractions obtained from a given parent polymer, a wide range in chain compositions was not obtained. The equilibrium melting temperatures were determined by extrapolating the dependence of the observed melting temperature on the crystallization temperature. A critical analysis is given of this extrapolation method as applied to poly(vinylidene fluoride) and the results are compared with literature reports. The problems involved in explaining the dependence of the equilibrium melting temperatures on the structural irregularities of the chain are given. Possible reasons for the relatively high level of crystallinity that is observed, for what is essentially a copolymer, are also discussed.


The purpose of this article is to present a case of phalanx osteoblastoma. We will start by saying that osteoblastoma is rare, it ac- counts for 1% of primary bone tumors; it is most frequent in the posterior spine, and is very unusual in the phalanges. Early diagnosis is desirable due to its similarity, mainly radiologic, with other en- tities that result in similar bone lesions. Clinical case. We present the case of a 39-year-old male who presented with swelling of the proximal pha- lanx of the 5th digit of the left hand that began one year before. The histopathologic study of the tu- mor lesion showed that it was composed of promi- nent osteoblasts. No mitoses were observed. En- block surgical resection of the lesion and curettage were performed.


Purpose: To compare the ultrasonographic image quality of fundamental imaging (FI), tissue harmonic imaging (THI), fundamental compound imaging (FCI), and harmonic compound imaging (HCI) in the evaluation of focal hepatic lesions. Materials and Methods: Ninety-four focal hepatic lesions (27 hemangiomas, 15 hepatocellular carcinomas, 14 metastases, and 38 cysts) in 74 patients [30 males and 44 females aged 33-82 (mean, 55) years] were included in our study. All patients underwent FI, THI, FCI, and HCI using an HDI 5000 Sono CT scanner (Advanced Technology Laboratories, Bothell, CA., U.S.A.) with a 2-5MHz convex transducer. Images were analysed by two abdominal radiologists who used a 4-point scale and reached a consensus. In the case of solid lesions, four parameters, as follows, were evaluated: lesion conspicuity, internal morphology, overall image quality, and peripheral halo. For cysts, three parameters (internal artifact, sharpness of margin, and posterior enhancement) were assessed. For statistical analysis, the Scheffe method (ANOVA test) was used. Results: For solid lesions (hemangioma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and metastasis), THI, FCI and HCI were superior to FI in terms of lesion conspicuity, internal morphology and overall image quality (p


Over the past fifteen years I have been involved in the collection and analysis of information on a wide variety of areas within the fmancial services industry. I must confess that my first feelings when asked, many years ago, to research these markets were those of trepidation. Compared with the more comfortable and safer areas with which I was familiar, namely the fast moving consumer goods and even the so-called industrial (business-to-business) markets, finance was an uncharted area on my information map.


The A. discusses about the relationships between aesthetics, culture and churchyards. During the 18th and 19th centuries, the aesthetics of the churchyard changed and it became the vizualisation of the symbolic universe of the domestic circles. The churchyard of the 20th century represents another cultural construction of landscape: the aesthetics of social equality.


Cultural quality education is an importance measure to improve the quality of talent education in college.However,due to the features of subjects,there still exist some problems needed to be modified in terms of cultural quality education in universities of science and technology.By analyzing the existing problems on the topic,this paper puts forward some measures of improving cultural quality education in these universities.


Objective:To compare curative effect of the treatment of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion by active immunotherapy with different periods.Methods:One hundred and sixty Anti-paternal lymphocyte antibody(APLA) negative patients were divided into three groups.Sixty positive group were pregnant for four times after one therapy period.Seventy-eight control group were not pregnant until APLA changed to be positive with the treatment of one time at an interval of three weeks.22 negative group were pregnant without treatment.Then we compare the pregnant results in the three groups.APLA were analysed by the lymphocytotoxin test.Results:The APLA positive rate was 8.57% before immunotherapy.The positive rate in the positive group and the control group was 41.67% and 94.87%.After immunization,the APLA positive rate increased significantly(P0.01).But the positive rate was not different between the two immunotherapy groups(P0.05),The successful pregnancy rate in the positive group was 88.64%;The rate in the control group was 90.77%,The results in the two groups have no difference(P0.05).However the successful pregnancy rate in the negative group was 43.75%.The active immunotherapy appeared superior to the negative group(P0.01).Conclusion:The immunotherapy can effectively stimulate the maternal to produce the blocking antibodies.The positive group have the excellences of short period、significant curative effect,successful pregnancy and so on,Who have received immunotherapies for four times during one therapy period before the pregnancy.


Autonomy in learning has been viewed by many scholars in 21 st as an approach enabling to hold the power or right to regulate, control and govern own learning activities. The idea of autonomy is fundamental to liberal philosophies which see the central goal of self-improvement as the development of independent minds and hence the capacity for independent action. The Latter traces back its origin in ancient Greek philosophy in the idea of self-mastery and determination for both Plato and Aristotle in Nicomachean Ethics (1166a 17-19). However, this approach is still a debatable subject when a critic scholar comes to evaluate its application in ELT. Teachers in DRC still play dominant role; hence, learners' autonomy toward decision-making and problem -solving is still ignored. The latter spend 11 years in ELT Class learning from secondary school to university but unable to communicate in English. The present paper has raised the question of how to improve English Language Teaching and learning curriculum from Teacher to Learner Self-directed learning toward communicative competence .To answer to this question, the study has applied qualitative research grounded classroom observation, focused groups interviews, and learners' self-directed tasks based learning exercises, video-filming tasks performance and learning theories criticism. As a result, this pilot study has found that developing learning autonomy in English language teaching and learning not only improves significantly learner's self-governance, but also self-improvement toward communicative language competence. Therefore, to promote language learning climate, teachers are recommended to provide variety of communicative language activities to promote independently learners own learning. Article visualizations:


Through comparison and selection of foundation treatment schemes,this paper takes reducing burying depth of foundation,using CFG pile composite foundation in attached annex and using bored cast-in-situ pile in main building as the construction scheme,analyzes and calculates the design process of CFG pile composite foundation in attached annex and bored cast-in-situ pile in main building,and shows by computing results that this construction scheme can not only satisfy the design requirement of intend building but also ensure the safety of neighboring buildings.


Energy requirements of blacksmithing, welding, filing, hack-sawing and grinding were basically studied in this research. Subjects with four different age groups were calibrated on a bicycle ergonometer in different weather conditions. The subjects were then engaged in the various tasks in turn under similar environmental conditions. Their heart rates were measured and the energy requirements calculated. It was discovered that all the selected tasks studied were high energy demanding and could not be continued for prolonged periods without rest stops. The studies showed that blacksmithing - forging (with long- handled hammer) required 7.76kJ/min, forging (with short-handled hammer) required 8.61kJ/min, fire poking with bellows required 6.60kJ/min, hack-sawing required 6.14kJ/min, welding (in bending posture) 8.45KJ/min, welding (standing posture) 7.14KJ/min and grinding (hand grinder) required 5.90KJ/min. It was shown also that bending posture increases human energy requirements. Lastly, this research supports the fact that hot environments significantly increase the energy requirements of the selected Agricultural workshop tasks.


A great deal of knowledge relating to sugarcane genornics has been accumulated during the past decade. Research has focused on the use of DNA markers for phylogenetic studies, gene tagging and mapping as well as in the area of genetic transformation. Recent efforts in discovery of sugarcane ' genes and the analysis of their expression will establish new paradigms for future sugarcane breeding programs.


Process for the continuous atmospheric pressure plasma treatment of in particular electrically insulating workpieces, in particular material plates or sheets, wherein a workpiece to be treated successively arranged at a distance below one of at least two in the direction of movement to leave a gap, transversely to the direction of movement at least over the width of the existing surface treated of the workpiece extending barrier electrodes electrode is arranged and the electrode and the workpiece are set in motion relative to each other in a moving direction, wherein a high voltage is applied in the form of an AC voltage to the barrier electrodes to ignite a plasma discharge at least in the gap and wherein by means of a gas flow, the plasma discharge from the gap in the direction of the driven of the workpiece surface to be treated, characterized in that the surface to be treated of the We rkstuckes facing surfaces of the barrier electrodes are applied with the high voltage, such that due to the emerging from the gap in the region between the barrier electrodes and to be treated ...


(2001). The Push and Pull of Action and Research in Feminist Media Studies. Feminist Media Studies: Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 11-15.


Background and AimsThis randomized, open label experimental study was undertaken to observe the ease of insertion, time taken for insertion of LMA supreme and ease of gastric tube insertion. Thirty adult patients undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia were assessed. Ease of insertion of LMA supreme and Gastric Tube was assessed with number of attempts required for insertion. Time taken for insertion and post-operative side effects of LMA supreme insertion were also observed. The demographic profile of patients was comparable. In our study out of 30 patients, LMA supreme was inserted in first attempt in 27 (90.00%) patients, only 3 (10.00%) patients required second attempt. Mean time taken for insertion of LMA supreme was 7.30±3.03 seconds. Gastric tube insertion was Easy in 29 (96.7%) and Impossible in 1 (3.33%). Hemodynamic response to insertion were similar in all patients and adverse effects were not significant. The LMA supreme takes 8 seconds for insertion, with post-operative sore throat in 1 (3.33%) patient after 24 hours of surgery. LMA supreme can be considered as preferred choice of airway for elective surgeries under general anaesthesia


Aim To explore the role of emodin in trigeminal neuralgia mediated by P2X2/3 receptor.Methods The trigeminal neuralgia rat model(a chronic constriction injury of the infraorbital branch of the trigeminal nerve,ION-CCI) was established.The mechanical hyperalgesia threshold of trigeminal neuralgia(TN) rats was tested by the von Frey filaments.The change of the expression of P2X2/3 receptors in rat trigeminal ganglion(TG) was detected with in situ hybridization,RT-PCR,immunohistochemical staining,immunofluorescence,and Western Blot.Results 14 days after operation,compared withⅠ group(saline control group),Ⅱ group(sham operation group) or Ⅳ group(TN model+emodin intervention group),Ⅲ group(TN model group) had a significant decrease of mechanical hyperalgesia threshold in the territory of ligated infraorbital nerve(P0.01),and an obvious increase in expression of P2X2/3 receptor in rat TG(P0.01);there was no significant differences of mechanical hyperalgesia threshold amongⅠ,Ⅱ and Ⅳ group(P0.05);the expression of P2X2/3 receptor of TG in Ⅳ group was lower than that in Ⅲ group(P0.01).Conclusion P2X2/3 receptor may play a key role in the pain transmitting of trigeminal neuralgia,and emodin has inhibitory effect on trigeminal neuralgia.


Novozym342 enzyme and Enzynk E1688 enzyme were applied to the deinking of mixed office waste.Using orthogonal design method, the experiment was to study the influences of process time,hydrogen ion index, temperature,consistency,and enzyme dosage on the effects of deinking,and the effects of enzymes treatments on the properties of the deinking pulp were compared. Also the effect of two kinds of enzyme and ordinary deinking pharmaceutical were compared. The results showed that the addition of cellulase and cellulase preparation could decrease the dirt count of the deinking pulp obviously and improve brighness of pulp .Compare with Enzynk E1688,deinking effects of Novozym342 enzyme is better.


The sequence of events following a noxious stimulus which we recognize as an inflammation is conditioned not only by the type and severity of the stimulus but by variations in the host response, and the degree of resulting structural damage to the tissue will depend on the balance between these two factors. The authors of this book have attempted to describe the clinical manifestations of ocular inflammation in terms of the stimulus, the host response, and the structural changes which take place, in such a way that a logical framework for diagnosis, investigation, and treatment can be devised for each clinical entity. The first section concerns the mechanisms of inflammation as applied to the eye, and the remainder of the book is concerned with diagnostic and therapeutic principles and their application to a wide range of specific inflammations of the eye and orbit. Actual case histories are quoted to demonstrate the management advised. One must applaud the effort to provide a systematic approach to ocular inflammation, but although the book makes very interesting reading for those concerned with research the application of the theories to clinical situations does not produce any very new therapeutic concepts. The only new form of treatment is the use of heparin for retinal vasculitis and for peripheral corneal ulcers and scleritis considered to be due to ischaemia. No statistics are given with respect to vasculitis, but some improvement was obtained in 22 eyes with primary ischaemic necrosis. Although this book contains many interesting and stimulating ideas and represents a useful step forward in the understanding of ocular inflammation, there is clearly much more to be learnt before we can solve the many problems which present in everyday practice.


An implant (10) for placement within a hollow body organ is disclosed. The implant has a member (14) with distal and proximal ends. The member has an undeployed shape for delivery to the hollow body and a deployed shape for implantation therein. The implant has at least one tensioning tether (80) with a first end attached to at least one of the distal and proximal end and a second ends attached to the member between the distal and proximal ends. Wherein applying tension to the tether to move the member towards the deployed shape. The member preferably has a first rate at which it initially resists bending, and a second substantially higher rate at which it resists further bending.


Abstract Lipo-phosphoramidates constitute an interesting class of synthetic vectors for gene delivery. A structure–activity relationship study points out that the incorporation of the linoleyl polyunsaturated lipid chains produces efficient vectors for gene delivery in the lung. In addition, neutral lipo-phosphoramidates possessing an imidazole motif in the polar head region have been successfully employed in association with a cationic lipophosphoramide to improve in vitro transfection efficiencies. Our recent achievements on this topic are briefly summarized here.


Current study deals with the kinetics and mathematical modelling of osmotic dehydration of pineapple. Pineapple (Ananas comosus), 10 mm thick slices weighing 50 g each, was studied for the osmotic dehydration using hypertonic solutions of sucrose and fructose. The osmotic dehydration process was performed using three levels of temperature 40°C, 50°C and 60°C, three levels of osmotic solution concentration (40%, 50% and 60%) with sample to solution ratio maintained at 1:4, 1:5 and 1:6 respectively. After each interval of time, moisture loss and solid gain was recorded. It was found that moisture loss and solid gain increased with increase in osmotic temperature and osmotic solution concentration. The highest mass transfer was observed at concentration of 60% and temperature of 60°C. Three models (Handerson and Pabis model, Logarithmic model and Lewis model) were used to analyze osmotic dehydration data. Among the three models, Logarithmic model showed a best fit to the osmotic dehydration data with higher value of coefficient of determination (R2).


An improved polymerase chain reaction test has been developed to detect Tritrichomonas foetus, the causative agent of trichomoniasis in cattle. The test amplifies a region of the 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene of T. foetus, and it is simple, sensitive, and specific when compared with traditional methods to examine field samples.


The BR1 research reactor at SCK•CEN has a spherical cavity in the graphite above the reactor core. In this cavity an accurately characterised Maxwellian thermal neutron field is present. Different converters can be loaded in the cavity in order to obtain other types of neutron (and gamma) irradiation fields. Inside the so-called MARK III converter a fast 235 U(n,f) prompt fission neutron field can be obtained. With the support of MCNP calculations, irradiations in MARK III can be directly related to the pure 235 U(n,f) prompt fission neutron spectrum. For this purpose MARK III spectrum averaged cross sections for the most relevant fluence dosimetry reactions have been determined. A calibration factor for absolute measurements has been determined applying activation dosimetry following ISO/IEC 17025 standards.


As part of our special focus issue on pharmacotherapy for hypertension, we had the opportunity to interview one of contributors, Professor Gregory Lip. Professor Lip currently serves as Price-Evans Chair of Cardiovascular Medicine and Director of the Liverpool Center for Cardiovascular Science at the University of Liverpool in the United Kingdom. He is a Distinguished Professor at Aalborg University in Denmark and serves as an Adjunct Professor at both Yonsei University and Seoul National University in Seoul, Korea. Professor Lip spends half of his time as a clinical cardiologist at Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital, including outpatient clinics (leading atrial fibrillation and hypertension specialist services) and acute cardiology. We were delighted to have the opportunity to put the following questions to him.