This paperinitiates an investigation of processes in wlhiclh cooperative games determine at each moment the directioni of motion of the social state. Attentioln is focused upoIn simple games, i.e., uponl games in which a coalitioni cani prevenit either every direction orno direction from beinig choseni. As motivation, conisider the problem of COInStlruCtinlg a planning pr^ocedule to allocate goods. Existing procedures, as surveyed in Tulkenis [1978], specify a local (instantaneous) game that determnines the direction of change of the allocation vector. For example, the MDP procedure of Malinvaud [1970-1] and Dreze and de la Valee Poussin [1971] specifies the direction of change at each moment as a function of reported marginal rates of substitution. Assuming that individuals are concerned only with mnaximizing thleir rates of utility increase, local games can be constructed so that their diiectionial equilibria will lead the allocation vector to the Pareto set. Various equiilibriuml concepts have been used. In MDP local games, for exanmple, maxmiin equilibria (Dreze and de la Valee Poussin [1971]), Nashi equilibria (Roberts [1979], SchoLumaker [1979]), and certain cooperative equilibria (Tulkens and Zamir [1979]) have been shown to cause convergence to the Pareto set. Whenever a procedure is actually to be implemented, account should be taken of the fact that it will be constrained by rules that are effective in the society. For example, in a dictatorship the social state must move in a direction that is most preferred by the dictator; the dictator will simply not abide by the equilibrium direction of a local game unless it is one of his most preferred directions. Less trivially, whenever unanimous disapproval of a motion can prevent its occurrence, the society will only agree to a procedure whose equilibrium direction of motion cannot be feasibly changed to a direction that increases everybody's utility at a greater rate. These two examples of constrainits on motion are not of the type that is usually imposed in the literature on allocation procedures and, furthermore, in areas like tax reform (e.g., Guesnerie [1977]) and majority rule dynamics (e.g., McKelvey [1976], Schofield [1978a]). The constraints oni motion in these studies call be viewed as resulting from a requirement that any motioni must increase the utility


We investigate the optimal performance of dense sensor networks by studying the joint source-channel coding problem. The overall goal of the sensor network is to take measurements from an underlying random process, code and transmit those measurement samples to a collector node in a cooperative multiple access channel with imperfect feedback, and reconstruct the entire random process at the collector node. We provide lower and upper bounds for the minimum achievable expected distortion when the underlying random process is Gaussian. In the case where the random process satisfies some general conditions, we evaluate the lower and upper bounds explicitly and show that they are of the same order for a wide range of sum power constraints. Thus, for these random processes, under these sum power constraints, we determine the achievability scheme that is order-optimal, and express the minimum achievable expected distortion as a function of the sum power constraint


The invention concerns the use for coating keratinous materials of a cross-linked hybrid polymeric material obtainable from an aqueous solution comprising: (a) at least a water soluble polymer comprising at least functional groups capable of forming hydrogen bonds; and (b) at least an organic or mineral ammonium or polyvalent or monovalent metal cation salt; and by physical cross-linkage of said polymer resulting from hydrogen interactions between said polymer functional groups and the water molecules in said hydrated cation hydration sphere, for preparing cosmetic or dermatological compositions. The invention more particularly concerns the use of said coating agent for make-up products in particular make-up foundations, lipsticks, mascara, eye-liners and nail care bases; for capillary formulations in particular for hair styling and/or hair care products or for skin care products.


There is a growing interest in characterizing circular data found in biological systems. Such data are wide ranging and varied, from signal phase in neural recordings to nucleotide sequences in round genomes. Traditional clustering algorithms are often inadequate due to their limited ability to distinguish differences in the periodic component. Current clustering schemes that work in a polar coordinate system have limitations, such as being only angle-focused or lacking generality. To overcome these limitations, we propose a new analysis framework that utilizes projections onto a cylindrical coordinate system to better represent objects in a polar coordinate system. Using the mathematical properties of circular data, we show our approach always finds the correct clustering result within the reconstructed dataset, given sufficient periodic repetitions of the data. Our approach is generally applicable and adaptable and can be incorporated into most state-of-the-art clustering algorithms. We demonstrate on synthetic and real data that our method generates more appropriate and consistent clustering results compared to standard methods. In summary, our proposed analysis framework overcomes the limitations of existing polar coordinate-based clustering methods and provides a more accurate and efficient way to cluster circular data.


The articles describes the life sentence as a pre-modern form of justice that denies the humanity of condemned people and reproduces a camouflaged death penalty. Retracing the beginning in Italy of a campaign called "Never say never", through which Italian lifers were calling for a death penalty, the Author argues that, as long as the humanization of punishment fails to reach the darkest corner of the penal system, it will be impossible to give radically new shape to the field of penality.


We have studied the cholesterization of discotic and calamitic lyotropic ferronematics by addition of brucine sulphate. The techniques used are optical microscopy for the textures and X-ray diffraction for the structures. The results concerning the pitch and the rotatory power of oriented samples containing or not ferrofluids are discussed in terms of de Vries theory. We have also examined the possibility of micellar deformation by addition of brucine sulphate. Finally, we have studied the hydrodynamic instabilities created in the sample of calamitic ferrocholesteric initially untwisted in a magnetic filed Etude de la cholesterisation des ferronematiques lyotropes discotiques et calamitiques par addition d'un agent chiral le sulfate de brucine. Etude des textures par microscopie optique et des structures par diffraction RX. Les resultats concernant le pas et le pouvoir rotatoire d'echantillons orientes sont discutes en termes de la theorie de Vries. Etude des instabilites hydrodynamiques creees dans des echantillons de cholesterique calamitique orientes par un champ magnetique


The research area "Media products: Journalism and Entertainment" at Casper Libero's Master's degree in Communication investigates journalism and fiction discourses, its production and fruition dynamics, tools, genres and formats, its languages and relations between form and content. The media production of sound and image composes the investigative board in a context of audiovisual prevalence. There are three investigation axes: contemporary narratives, spectacularization and visualities. The authors are the four professors of this research area.


Optimal control methods provide an effective way to determining the best polymer injection strategies to maximize the profits from oil recovery.The objected oriented design and implementation details are presented for the numerical solution of the optimal control problem,which involves the sub problems of reservoir simulation,adjoint equation and nonlinear programming.The polymer flooding model is discretized in a full implicit scheme and the derived nonlinear equations are handled by Newton Raphson method,in order to construct the adjoint equations during the solution of forward model.An example of three-dimensional polymer injection problem is solved illustrating the practicality and efficiency of the realized algorithms.


It is common to see newly emerging fast food restaurants in today's world. Although some have said that balanced diet is now a trend among teenagers which obviously seems irrelevant and contradicts the authors' observation. In order to find an answer to this question, the authors conducted a survey asking teenagers about their eating habits.


The molecular structures of two 2,6-dimesitylphenyl derivatives of trivalent ytterbium are reported, representing first examples of organolanthanide complexes with a sterically demanding terphenyl ligand system as the only organic substituent at the metal center. For example, the molecular structure of a base adduct of DmpYbCl2 (shown) features a monomeric complex with a distorted octahedral coordination environment about the metal center.


In this paper, a quick recognition method of bank card number based on MATLAB is designed, which can identify bank card number automatically. Through the gray processing, edge cutting processing, card number positioning processing, template matching card number recognition and other processing of the bank card image, an accurate and clear bank card number is obtained, which has a certain use value in e-commerce and the Internet. it also provides some reference for image processing and character recognition.


Tracer diffusion coefficients for Cr(III), H/sup 3/HO, and H/sub 2/ /sup 18/O in aqueous chromium(III) perchlorate solutions are reported for the concentration range 0.05-2.5 mol dm/sup -3/, at 298 K. D(H/sub 2/ /sup 18/O) is usually greater than D(H/sup 3/HO) even after correcting for isotope effects. A simple hydration model is proposed which takes into account both (a) fast proton exchange between water molecules and water coordinated to Cr(III) and (b) slow exchange between bulk water molecules and the coordinated water. The model enables the H/sup 3/HO diffusion coefficients to be predicted quite well from D(H/sub 2/ /sup 18/O) and D(Cr(III)).


This paper introduces an anomaly detection method based on a combination of nonparametric models of the process and multivariate analysis of residuals. This method basically intends to recognize abnormal conditions in the operation of a monitored system, considering for this purpose the definition of "baseline" operation through historical datasets. In particular, the proposed anomaly detector utilizes similarity-based modeling (SBM) techniques to represent the process behavior and principal component analysis (PCA) for the study of model residuals. The methodology not only helps to detect changes in the operation of the system, but also provides a structured algorithm for the inclusion of representative samples in the data set that is used to define the baseline of the system. The method is validated using data from a power generation plant.


This article reflects on an experiment in drawing, titled Surrogate Drawing, in which an assemblage of people, materials and artefacts engaged in a live, improvisational process of co-production. The group was interested in how empathy might be cultivated through architectural drawing.
The article develops an argument across three main parts. The first part offers a brief overview of the drawing experiment, situated relative to some key assumptions and conventions of architectural drawing, via the work of Robin Evans and others. In particular, this involved unsettling the idea of translation and its underlying premise of projection—a premise that resonates with the concept of empathy. The second part moves into a series of first-person accounts, one from each author. This experiential access reveals degrees of complexity that question the model of projection as a primary operative principle for either drawing or empathy, calling for an alternative conceptual framework. The third part offers such an alternative, via Jakob von Uexkull's work concerning the Umwelt, or perceptual life-worlds. Via Uexkull we come to better understand drawing as less of a process of translation or transmission, and more of a process of creative world-making. Through Uexkull's depiction of the Umwelt as a 'bubble,' the paper offers an alternative diagrammatic to that of projective geometries: that of a foaming.
The manifestly collective world-making inherent in this drawing experiment leads us to conclude by opening up something we discuss as 'ecological empathy'—or sympathy. It is proposed that drawing, if conceptually liberated from projective models, may be an important technique to cultivate ecological-empathy, or sympathy. This points toward a way that architecture might be reoriented toward sympathetic world-making.


Functionally graded piezothermoelastic material (FGPM) is a new piezothermoelastic material. Research work on its mechanical behavior has still been inadequate so far, which leaves room for a further discussion on the three-dimensional piezothermoelastic coupled analysis of FGPM annular plates. Suppose that all the electric, thermal and mechanical material properties have the same exponential distribution, a model of piezothermoelastic coupled FGPM annular plate fixed at two boundaries is obtained from the basic equations of isotropic FGPM 3-D problem. Examples are presented to prove the correctness and show the superiority of this method. The influences of the different functionally graded material properties on the static analysis of the plates are investigated through numerical examples.


Introduction: This theoretical paper is a scenario-based account of interprofessional healthcare work that highlights tensions between desired and actual practice behaviour in clinical settings. Case Study: In this account, against his best clinical judgment and because of situational ward pressures, a junior doctor prescribes antipsychotic medication for a high-risk confused, frail, elderly patient. A healthcare assistant, who possesses key patient-specific information, holds back on sharing this information because of similar pressures.  Analysis: Sociocultural analysis of this account identifies three epistemological factors constraining an individuals' discretion and behaviour. First, situated team collective practice overrides individual knowledge. Secondly, collective practice, though held strongly by core members of clinical teams, may in fact be erroneous, and fail to support new learning about and through practice, to the detriment of patient care. Thirdly, situated practices of the ward community may marginalise some team members and inhibit their contributions to patient safety. Conclusions: To redress such constraints, we propose the development of, and engagement with, artefacts or tools that shape inclusive practice and assist improvements in practice. Such an approach can lead to productive learning through practice in interprofessional healthcare teams. To elaborate the case, the illustrative example of the Delirium Early Monitoring System (DEMS) is used. This artefact can be effective in socioculturally mediating unhelpful situational pressures that impact on clinical teams' management of delirium, by including and legitimising a range of professional voices. This mediation can also include voices that are external to the immediate clinical situation, which can inform interprofessional care, promote interdependence and foster patient-centred working communities of healthcare practice.


A device and a method for providing SOC-based anti-malware service are provided. The device includes: a storage unit which stores a function library which is a collection of operations provided for use in the SOC providing the anti-malware service; and a scanning data sender which forms SOC transmission data with data to be scanned for viruses by calling at least one of the operations, and transmits the SOC transmission data to the SOC. Accordingly, a mobile device scans files for viruses and filters packets at a high speed.


Turn-taking is an important attribute of conversation. Non-verbal behavior is very important for analyzing the turn-taking in multi-party conversation. In this study, we focused on the gaze behavior and improved the framework for predicting turn by analyzing the gaze transition patterns in a four-participant conversation. We define a set of gaze labels for the changes in the gaze of the speaker and the listener, and then encode them into different patterns. We also give an effective predictive model based on Naïve Bayes classifier for predicting turn shift. Experimental results show that our framework performs better than previous works.


Chapter 1 Chronology Part 2 Introduction Part 3 Part I Yesterday Chapter 4 Chapter 1: The Unsolved Problem Chapter 5 Chapter 2: Nasser Eddin Nashashibi: Palestinian Patrician Chapter 6 Chapter 3: Lova Eliav: Israeli Pioneer Part 7 Part II Today Chapter 8 Chapter 4: The Reluctant Warriors Chapter 9 Abdulla Abu-Hadid: For a Two-State Solution Chapter 10 Nir Shoshani: "Each Time It's More Difficult" Chapter 11 Adi Eilat: Courage to Refuse Chapter 12 Jonathan Kuttab: The Nonviolent Militant Chapter 13 Chapter 5: The Price Chapter 14 Yitzhak Frankenthal, Israeli Bereaved Parent Chapter 15 Tariq Essawi, Palestinian Bereaved Parent Chapter 16 Mariet Khouri: Ubiquitous Trauma Chapter 17 Zehava Solomon: Selective Trauma Chapter 18 Baiga Shochat: Peace Means Prosperity Chapter 19 Samir Huleileh: Preventive Action Now Chapter 20 Chapter 6: The Entanglement Chapter 21 Meira Dolev and Amit Segal, Second-Generation Settlers Chapter 22 Sayed Kashu, The Invisible Man Chapter 23 Menahem Froman, The Maverick Settler Part 24 Part III Tomorrow Chapter 25 Chapter 7: The Impossible Solution Chapter 26 Chapter 8: The Improbable Solution


are acylated sugar derivatives; a similar glycolipid has also been isolated from a Gram-positive organism. Mycobacteria are known to contain esters of mycolic acids and various carbohydrates, e.g. cord factor (Lederer, 1967), and an extracellular rhamnolipid has been isolated from the culture medium of P8eudomonaa aeruginosa (Jarvis & Johnson, 1949), but as far as we are aware no information is available on the occurrence of acylated sugar derivatives in other bacteria. Four methods of extraction have resulted in the isolation of these lipids from freeze-dried cells: (1) chloroform-methanol (2:1, v/v) at 210; (2) extraction of cells defatted by procedure (1) with boiling chloroform; (3) phenol extraction followed by acid hydrolysis of the lipopolysaccharide (0-1 N-HCI at 1000 for 30min.) and extraction of the hydrolysate with chloroform; (4) acid hydrolysis (0-1N-HCI at 1000 for 30min.) of cells defatted by procedure (1), followed by extraction of the hydrolysate with chloroform. The first procedure is that normally used for the extraction of lipids from bacteria, and only small amounts of the glycolipids were removed by this method; considerably higher yields were obtained byprocedure (2). The thirdmethod is that generally used for the isolation of lipid A (Westphal & Luderitz, 1954; Burton & Carter, 1964), crude preparations ofwhich contain considerable amounts of acylated sugars other than glucosamine. Procedure (4) has been used in this Laboratory as an alternative method for the isolation of lipid A. The yields of glycolipids obtained were approx. 1 mg./g. of dry cells. Non-lipid contaminants were removed by the method of Wells & Dittmer (1963), and thinlayer chromatography on silicic acid in chloroformmethanol-water (65:25:4, by vol.) provided a convenient method for separating these lipids; in this system they all have Rp values approaching unity and are usually well separated from other lipids. The products of hydrolysis with acid (2N-HCI for 3hr. at 1000) and alkali (Marinetti, 1962) were examined by paper chromatography in the system butan-l-ol-pyridine-water (6:4:3, by vol.) and were detected with alkaline AgNO3 reagent (Trevelyan, Procter & Harrison, 1950). The


The purpose of this work was to study from a couple of teachers perspective how concentrations difficulties is being described and also how pupil.s concentration difficulties influence other pupils/the class. I chose to do an interviewstudy, where I interviewed four teachers from out of their experiences. I asked questions which touched diffuculties and how it manifests, the other pupils reactions and the influence on the class. The result of the study showed that the teachers experience that pupils can feel that it is hard and can get disturbed by the child with concentration difficulties. It also came to light that the children around is making up strategies to handle the situation, for an example by ignoring. The teachers pushed for an open and straight communication and valued discussions with the class highly, all to build understanding between the children. There is a lot of research about concentration difficulties. The medical, social and pedagogic pieces are there, but there is less about how the environment is effected. Therefore I chose to also shed a light on the pupils around the pupils with concentration difficulties from teachers' perspectives.


The paper begins by a brief review of the main ideas associated with Hyman Minsky and their implications for economic policy and the achievement of full employment. There is a focus on the financial instability hypothesis, the role of the central bank as lender of last resort and the requirements for regulation of the financial system. The implications of these ideas for economic policy are then explored at the level of the European Union and the global economy. It is argued that the Minsky analysis would suggest that at the level of the nation state, the general drift of economic policy and changes in institutional arrangements have made the prospects for full employment bleak. For the European Union, the institutions which are emerging in the context of EMU and the euro are considered in terms of their impacts on the level of economic activity. At the global economy level, the paper considers the need for international institutions to regulate the global financial system.


Objective: We investigated the efficiency and reliability of treatments with alfuzosin alone and in combination with tolterodine in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia accompanied by lower urinary system symptoms. Material and Methods: Forty-five males, ages over forty that applied to the clinic between April 2007 and July 2007 were included in the evaluation. As the initial examinations, international prostate symptom score, peak floq rate in uroflowmentry and post-voiding measurement of the residual urine were performed. Treatment of the patients who were included in the study was started with 10 mg alfuzosin (Group 1). At the end of the third month, tolterodine 2 mg taken twice a day was added to the treatment (Group 2). Results: Thirty-seven patients (82%) out of 45 patients were able to complete the six-month study. Average age of these patients was 59.2 ± 7.2 years. The average prostate specific antigen value of the patients was found as 1.4 ± 1.0 (ng/mL), and the average prostate volume as 34.8 ± 13.1 ml. Four patients left the study after tolterodine was added because of intensive dryness in the mouth. According to the statistical data, at the end of the study, significant improvement was found in both groups when compared to baseline. Conclusion: When the two treatments were compared, no statistical differences were noted between the two groups.


An "interview" is more specific way of talking, and it is the technique to gain the particular data effectively which the interviewer wants to know through the conversation. In this paper, English interviews: Larry King Live on CNN were metrically analyzed. Larry King Live is one of the CNN's highest-rated shows, and Mr. King is regarded as the first American talk show host to have a worldwide audience. For comparison, English news materials from CNN Live Today as well as the inaugural addresses of the three U.S. Presidents were analyzed. In short, frequency characteristics of characterand word-appearance were investigated with a program written in C++. In this analysis, an approximate equation of an exponential function [y = c * exp(-bx)] was used to educe the characteristics of each material. Moreover, to obtain the difficulty-level, the percentage of the American basic vocabulary as well as the value of K-characteristic was calculated. As a result, it was clearly shown that the interviews have the same tendency as English journalism in character-appearance. Moreover, it was shown quantitatively that the interviews are a little easier to listen than CNN news. Introduction Human beings often talk with other people. We are getting information from others as an everyday experience using many effective arts in order to obtain a cooperative response. An "interview" is more specific way of talking, and it is the technique to gain the particular data effectively which the interviewer wants to know through the conversation [1]. In this paper, English interviews: Larry King Live on CNN were metrically analyzed and compared with English news (CNN Live Today) and the inaugural addresses of the three U.S. Presidents. In short, frequency characteristics of characterand word-appearance were investigated with a program written in C++. These characteristics were approximated by an exponential function: [y = c * exp(-bx)]. As a result, it was clearly shown that the interviews have the same tendency as English journalism in character-appearance. Moreover, it was shown quantitatively that the interviews are a little easier to listen than CNN news. Method of Analysis and Materials The materials analyzed here are as follows: Larry King Live (Jan. 21, 2004-July 13, 2004; 20 materials in total). Larry King Live is one of the CNN's highest-rated shows, and Mr. King is regarded as the first American talk show host to have a worldwide audience. He was born at Brooklyn in New York on November 19 in 1933 and educated at the Lafayette High School [2]. 20 interviews were selected, and whose interviewer's English, that is, the utterances of Mr. King were analyzed. For reference, the interviewees' data are shown in Table 1.


Abstract This first IAMMM report concerns the evidence for efficacy in the lumbar region only for those interventions which are common in manual/musculoskeletal medicine.


The security of wireless Internet of Things (IoT) communication is a complex challenge due to not only growing attack surfaces and threats but also the limitations of energy consumption. As a significant portion of the IoT market is composed of both security- and energy-critical sectors, e.g., smart homes and e-health, there is a pressing demand for solutions to secure billions of IoT devices while minimizing energy footprint. To this end, this article proposes a transport layer security (TLS) extension to integrate a lightweight and self-monitored mechanism that dynamically balances communication security and power consumption according to the IoT device's current battery level. Integrated within the TLSv1.3 protocol, the secure extension automatically adjusts the encryption round number of the negotiated cipher according to an operator-defined policy while ensuring the minimum required security level. A Proof-of-Concept (PoC) has been implemented on the wolfSSL library and a real-world IoT platform, on which the performance of the proposed mechanism has been reported for various lightweight ciphers. The results showed an energy reduction of encryptions by 57.1% and a battery saving of 9.4% when encrypting at 4 kBps with reduced-round encryption, demonstrating the potential of the proposed extension into the TLS protocol.


e16073Background: Most of the treatment guidelines for advanced renal cancer (RCC) agree about what drugs must be used, but don't indicate when the treatment should be started. This decision is lef...


Summary

Reproductive assurance is often invoked to explain the repeated transition from outcrossing to selfing among plants. The most common experimental test of this hypothesis uses floral emasculation (anther removal) to manipulate the capacity of flowers for autogamous self-pollination.
The coastal dune endemic Camissoniopsis cheiranthifolia exhibits striking variation in floral morphology and the mating system across its geographic range in California, and reproductive assurance is likely to have played a role in the transition from large flowers and predominant outcrossing to small flowers and predominant selfing. To compare variation in the timing of self-pollination and the extent to which it provides reproductive assurance in large- vs. small-flowered populations, we emasculated flowers at different times during anthesis and measured the effects on both seed production and the proportion of seeds self-fertilized vs. outcrossed estimated using marker genes. We also manipulated large- vs. small-flowered phenotypes within two morphologically variable populations.
As predicted from floral development, small-flowered plants self-pollinated before flowers open, whereas large-flowered phenotypes did not. Comparing flowers that were emasculated before closing suggested that a seemingly well-developed mechanism for delayed selfing (anthers contacting the stigma when flowers close) does not increase seed production.
Using emasculation to manipulate selfing assumes that removing anthers from flowers does not compromise outcrossing. However, while not affecting the capacity of flowers to produce seed, emasculation shortened floral longevity, thereby reducing opportunities for outcrossing. Genetic estimation of the mating system revealed a negative effect of emasculation on the proportion of seed outcrossed, even in small-flowered populations, further suggesting that flowers lacking anthers are unattractive to pollinators. These side effects of emasculation prevent a clear interpretation of the reproductive assurance value of selfing.
Given that much of what we know about reproductive assurance in natural populations comes from emasculation experiments, our results suggest that the assumptions of this approach, which are rarely verified, require much more serious consideration.


The image of a destination goes beyond what it has, tangible and intangible resources, reflects its identity. Forming this image is a complex process, since it depends on several factors. The tourists combine in their minds a series of variables (cognitive, affective and conative) that give rise to the image of a destination. That is why it varies from one tourist to another. The previous perceptions, the own visit to the destination and the information received from family and friends are forming the image of the destination. But this image will positively or negatively influence the re-visit to the destination and the information transmitted to other tourists. Therefore, this is a growing field of study, in which we try to have more information about this complex process.


In this paper we show that the peak of the type I error rate of the Oochran-Armitage trend test could be greater than the nominal level when contingency tables obtained from two multinomial distributions are extremely unbalanced. This result justifies the use of the exact Cochran-Armitage trend test in extremely unbalanced contingency tables.


Hospitalizations for heart failure (HF) are common and are associated with significant morbidity, mortality and cost. However, precipitating factors leading to HF hospitalization and their importance with respect to subsequent outcomes are not well understood.


Local Lipschitz continuity of local minimizers of vectorial integrals ∫Ω f(x,Du)dx is proved when f satisfies p-q growth condition and ξ↦f(x,ξ) is not convex. The uniform convexity and the radial structure condition with respect to the last variable are assumed only at infinity. In the proof, we use semicontinuity and relaxation results for functionals with nonstandard growth.


The putatively toxic dinoflagellate Pfiesteria piscicida (Steidinger et Burkholder) has been reported to have an unusual life cycle for a free‐living marine dinoflagellate. As many as 24 life cycle stages were originally described for this species. During a recent phylogenetic study in which we used clonal cultures of P. piscicida, we were unable to confirm many reported life cycle stages. To resolve this discrepancy, we undertook a rigorous examination of the life cycle of P. piscicida using nuclear staining techniques combined with traditional light microscopy, high‐resolution video microscopy, EM, and in situ hybridization with a suite of fluorescently labeled peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probes. The results showed that P. piscicida had a typical haplontic dinoflagellate life cycle. Asexual division occurred within a division cyst and not by binary fission of motile cells. Sexual reproduction of this homothallic species occurred via the fusion of isogamous gametes. Examination of tanks where P. piscicida was actively feeding on fish showed that amoebae were present; however, they were contaminants introduced with the fish. Whole cell probing using in situ hybridization techniques confirmed that these amoebae were hybridization negative for a P. piscicida‐specific PNA probe. Direct observations of clonal P. piscicida cultures revealed no unusual life cycle stages. Furthermore, the results of this study provided no evidence for transformations to amoebae. We therefore conclude that P. piscicida has a life cycle typical of free‐living marine dinoflagellates and lacks any amoeboid or other specious stages.


The influence of static high pressure (600MPa) on physical and chemical properties of maltodextrin powders, which have had low degrees of hydrolysis (DE 2-8%) and water contents of 5-24% w/w, and maltodextrin gels (15 % w/w) have been investigated. No cleavage of covalent bonds has been proved. High pressure treatment results in structural changes depending on water content, ageing and specification of the material. Structural changes concern the physical micro- and macro-structure. In comparison with the untreated material, a more compact maltodextrin powder with an increased solid-density density has been produced. The physical-chemical properties have changed after high pressure treatment. We found a series of weak glass transitions with pressure-treated as well as non-treated maltodextrin powders, which appear as series of local extreme values in the first derivative of DSC thermograms. Maltodextrin powders, which have aged after high pressure treatment, show increased peak temperatures and extrapolated onset temperatures of the 50-70°C endothermic event and increased glass transition temperatures in DSC above a water content of 12% (w/w). Glass transition temperatures between 22°C and 155°C have been determined within the investigated moisture range of 24-5% (w/w). Maltodextrin gels are more homogeneous after high pressure treatment and keep a stable consistency, also after ageing (48 h), whereas the untreated sample separates out. It has been shown, that pressure-treated maltodextrin gels have a higher mechanical and thermal stability. Presumably, the use of pressure results in a deformation of the network of the concentrated solution and primary gel respectively, but chances for restructuring arise from this deformation.


This study investigates both the short- and long-term effects of splenectomy on platelet count.

 Patients treated at our tertiary care center in years 2012-2016 with a history of splenectomy (assessed by corresponding ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes) were included if they had platelet count data available within the first 5 years postsplenectomy. Indication for and date of splenectomy as well as all platelet counts were extracted. Patients were sorted by splenectomy indication into ITP, clonal myeloid neoplasm, nonmyeloid malignancy, and trauma/other categories. ITP patients were divided further into responders, partial responders, and nonresponders. The 180-day time course of the platelet counts was graphed for patients who had at least five platelet counts performed 1 to 180 days after splenectomy. For each group of patients, a curve of best fit was identified, from which peak platelet count, days to peak platelet count, platelet count at stable state, and days to stable state were calculated. Additionally, average platelet counts for time intervals extending from prior to splenectomy to 5 years postsplenectomy were calculated for each group, including all counts available from any patient in that group.

 We identified 129 patients with a history of splenectomy. Median age at splenectomy was 36 years (range, 2-94) with 59 females and 70 males. Eighty patients underwent splenectomy for trauma/other, 21 for nonmyeloid malignancy, 6 for clonal myeloid neoplasm, and 22 for ITP. Among the ITP patients, 16 experienced complete response (2 with subsequent relapse), 3 were partial responders, and 3 were nonresponders. Overall, the trauma/other group showed the greatest degree of postsplenectomy thrombocytosis, rising from a preoperative platelet count of 154 K/µL to a maximum of 807 K/µL at postoperative day 15.4. In comparison, the nonmyeloid malignancy group rose from 95 K/µL in the week presplenectomy to a maximum of 345 K/µL at day 23.7. The trauma/other group also reached stable state more quickly (day 21.4 vs 38.0) and at a higher stable platelet count (586 K/µL vs 240 K/µL) than the nonmyeloid neoplasm group. By 1 to 5 years postsplenectomy, 95% of patients in our analysis had platelet counts within the standard normal range of 150 to 450 K/µL, albeit trauma/other and ITP responder patients had platelet counts toward the upper end of the normal range. Comparing ITP responders to partial responders, both groups showed a relative increase from baseline platelet count by days 22 to 29. Both groups also reached a stable platelet count by >5 years postsplenectomy with responders averaging 263 K/µL vs partial responders at 88 K/µL.

 Our results support the well-known phenomenon of postsplenectomy thrombocytosis and illustrate the difference in platelet count response by surgical indication. Furthermore, our results suggest that postsplenectomy patients should be considered to have a different "normal range" for platelet count than nonsplenectomized patients.


Some problems in TDR design:the max-distance of detect,the methods of fault location,the resolution and anti-jamming technique e tc.are analysed in this paper,and solution scheme based on my experience of th e research and development are given.


EEG feature extraction problem is studied in this paper. EEG analysis is the core content of the Brain-computer interface technology research. How to effectively extract the reflect people's behavior intention characteristic from EEG signals, it's a hot spot in this neighborhood research. According to the characteristics of EEG signal, the single method of feature extraction can't describe the characteristics of the signal very well. So We have own designed experiment, and put forward a combination feature extraction method, which contains calculation the maximum Lyapunov exponent and use wavelet packet transform to calculate the rhythm average energy with wavelet energy entropy, then, the extract feature vector is inputted into the binary tree support vector machine (SVM) and the extreme learning machine (ELM), respectively. From the recognition result show that, when use the combination method of feature extraction to solve the problem of feature extraction and classification about this subject acquisition EEG, it's feasible and effective. At the same time, it also provides a new thought and method.


Hawthorn, which is known for its beneficial effects on health, grows in large quantities in our country. Despite the high level of phenolic compounds and the prevention effects towards various diseases; it is consumed locally in limited quantities and not widely used in the food industry. Therefore, it is important to provide various value-added products of this fruit. The aim of this study is to produce puree from hawthorn fruits grown in Erzincan and Sivas (Suşehri). A pilot and industrial scale puree production line was designed according to general quality and sensory analyses out without using sweetener during production. The properties of puree were determined in the R&D laboratory. As a result of this study, hawthorn puree with a brix of 7.37±0.01 and a Bostwick of 5.5±0.1 was obtained, which was evaluated as neutral in taste, homogeneous in texture and having slight spots that could be preferred by consumers.


Effect of hypernatremia on injury caused by energy deficiency: role of T-type Ca 2 (cid:1) channel. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 299: C289–C297, 2010. Hypernatremia exerts multiple cellular effects, many of which could influence the outcome of an ischemic event. To further evaluate these effects of hypernatremia, isolated neonatal cardiomyocytes were chronically incubated with medium containing either normal (142 mM) or elevated sodium (167 mM) and then transferred to medium containing deoxyglucose and the electron transport chain inhibitor amobarbital. Chronic hypernatremia diminished the degree of calcium accumulation and reactive oxygen species generation during the period of metabolic inhibition. The improvement in calcium homeostasis was traced in part to the downregulation of the Ca V 3.1 T-type calcium channel, as deficiency in the Ca V 3.1 subtype using short hairpin RNA or treatment with an inhibitor of the Ca V 3.1 variant of the T-type calcium channel (i.e., diphenylhydantoin) attenuated energy deficiency-mediated calcium accumulation and cell death. Although hyperosmotically stressed cells (exposed to 50 mM mannitol) had no effect on T-type calcium channel activity, they were also resistant to death during metabolic inhibition. Both hyperosmotic stress and hypernatremia activated Akt, suggesting that they initiate the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt cytoprotective pathway, which protects the cell against calcium overload and oxidative stress. Thus hypernatremia appears to protect the cell against metabolic inhibition by promoting the downregulation of the T-type calcium channel and stimulating cytoprotective protein kinase pathways. experiments initiated after a 3-day incubation 37°C under 5% CO 2 -20% O 2 environment. The study adheres to American Physiological Society's Guiding Principles in the Care and Use of Animals Induction of metabolic inhibition. In most experiments, metabolic by cells to glucose, mM Na (cid:1) , and 3 and fatty metabolic inhibitory some of cells were 167 Na (cid:1) the effect of metabolic a hypernatremic preconditioned


: Hemodynamic information in the carotid artery bifurcation is very important for understanding the development and progression mechanisms of cerebrovascular disease and for its early diagnosis and prediction of the progress. In this paper, we constructed a mock pulsatile blood circulation system using an anthropomorphic elastic vessel of the carotid artery bifurcation and ex vivo pig blood to acquire ultrasound images from blood and vessels synchronized with internal pressure while controlling the blood flow. Echogenicity, blood flow velocity, and blood vessel wall motion from the ultrasound images, and internal blood pressure were extracted over a cycle averaged from five cycles when the pulsatile pump rates are 20 r/min, 40 r/min, and 60 r/min. As a result, respectively, the peak systolic blood flow velocities were 20 cm/s, 25 cm/s, and 40 cm/s, the blood pressure differences were 30 mmHg, 70 mmHg, and 85 mmHg, the arterial walls were expanded to 0.05 mm, 0.15 mm, and 0.25 mm. Time-delayed cyclic variation of echogenicity compared to blood flow and pressure was observed, but the variation was minimal at 20 r/min. Time-synchronized cyclic variations of these parameters are important information for accurate input parameters and validation of the computational hemodynamic experiments which will provide useful information for the development and progress mechanisms of carotid artery stenosis.


Dopingless devices have shown significant improvement over doped devices in terms of doping fluctuations and thermal dependency. In this paper we designed and simulated dopingless/charge plasma diodes where the diode action is implemented by creating a charge plasma under the metal contacts. Two different gate metals or metal silicides are chosen having a work function different from that of the underlying thin silicon body. The gates are separated by a dielectric layer. Several gate combinations are chosen for the diode and performance is evaluated under variation in different process parameters. Good rectifying properties are obtained along with thermal stability of the device. High ON current of 10−8 A μm−1 is obtained for a 20 nm thick device. The simulated results are compared with experimental data and show good agreement.


This review presents the 1976 petroleum developments in 6 countries, of which 5 are hydrocarbon producers. At year end, the total area covered by petroleum rights was 2,920,000 sq km, an increase of 9.2% compared with 1975. Most of these rights (85%) were located on land, 9% were on the shelf, and 6% in deep water. Onshore and offshore seismic activity decreased (-13%) in all the countries except Morocco and Sudan. Reconnaissance geophysical surveys (gravity) took place in Egypt, Morocco, and Sudan and (air-magnetometer) in Egypt, Libya, and Tunisia. Field geologic activity remained at a low level. Wildcat drilling activity was at about the same level as in 1975, with 87 wildcats drilled for a total of about 270,000 m. A good exploratory success rate was obtained (25%) with 22 discoveries: 10 in Libya, 6 in Egypt, 2 in Tunisia, 1 in Algeria, and 1 in Morocco; in addition, 2 gas discoveries in Sudan seem to be non-commercial at present. Half of the discoveries are located offshore and 19 are oil, 2 gas, and 1 oil and gas. Development drilling decreased 25% since 1975, with 204 wells and 327,000 m drilled. Oil production in North Africa, with a daily average of 3,347,000 b/d increased by 21.4% since 1975 (2,757,000 b/d). Crude production rose in all the countries under review except Tunisia. During 1976, 7 new fields were put on stream--2 in Algeria, 1 in Egypt, and 4 in Libya. Only fragmental information is available for gas production in North Africa which is estimated at about 400 Bcf or a daily average of 1,100 MMcf. One gas field came into production in Egypt (Abu al Gharadiq, 12,000 MCFGD) and 1 in Morocco (Mechra bel Ksiri, 1,355 MCFGD).


A method of using a plurality of display means for presenting text. The display device includes a plurality of master and at least one device, wherein the master device having a primary display and the secondary device having a display screen. The method comprising the host device communicating with a secondary device, a second display according to a first dimension of a dimension of the main display device and sub-device content into text data of a first portion and a second portion of data, the first two partial data transmitted to the secondary device, and simultaneously displaying on the main unit of the first partial data and displaying the data on a second portion of the secondary device. The text of each column is divided into two separate parts, one displayed on the host device, the other part on the sub-display device.


Cryptographic systems, developed on the basis of nonpositional polynomial notations, are called nonconventional or modular. In this paper modelling of the encryption algorithm based on nonpositional polynomial notations is described. The development of the model of block cipher system comprises the construction of the modified nonpositional block cipher algorithm, using an analog of the Feistel scheme and a mode of application for this modified algorithm. Keywords-cryptosystems; encryption; block cipher; nonpositional polynomial notation; cryptostrength; cipher mode I. INTRODUCTION The model of the encryption algorithm described in this paper applies nonconventional algebraic method. This method is based on the theory of nonpositional polynomial notation systems (NPNs) in residue classes, which is also called polynomial notations in residue numeral system (polynomial RNS).


Bread dough is a foam and the stability of the gas bubbles towards disproportionation and coalescence during the breadmaking process determines for a large part the final appearance of the baked bread with respect to crumb structure and loaf volume. Gas bubble behaviour in bread dough is determined by both surface and bulk rheological properties of dough (components). These properties were studied and their relevance to breadmaking was established. Surface dilational moduli of different dough components were determined. It appears that wheat lipids and added surfactants as SSL and DATEM can retard disproportionation to a large extent if these components are present in the right concentration and modification. Wheat proteins will hardly retard this foam instability mechanism. Dynamic measurements and biaxial extension tests on wheat and rye flour as well as wheat gluten doughs were performed. Both flour and gluten doughs show strain hardening at 20 and at 55°C. Wheat cultivars with good breadmaking performance exhibit stronger strain hardening properties than poor baking ones and rye. Next to strain hardening, biaxial stress and extensibility are important parameters determining bread quality. During mixing both the surface tension and the viscosity of the dough determine the (minimum) radii of the entrapped gas bubbles. Directly after mixing surface properties dominate primarily gas bubble behaviour by retarding disproportionation, especially if surfactants like SSL or DATEM are added. Already during first proof bulk properties, especially biaxial stress, extensibility and strain hardening, start to dominate gas bubble stability and this remains as such during almost the remainder of the breadmaking process. In the final stage of oven rise surface properties may contribute to the stability of some dough films that have become very thin.


The invention relates to a standard Z source three-level T-shaped inverter and an SVPWM method thereof. A topology has boost features identical to boost features of a standard Z source network three-level NPC inverter, however, few switching elements are utilized, and efficiency is high. Compared with a three-level T-shaped inverter, functions of boost and voltage reduction of the topology can be achieved, direct connection of an upper bridge arm and a lower bridge arm is allowed, reliability is improved remarkably, dead time is eliminated, and waveform distortion is prevented. Compared with a Z source three-level diode clamped inverter, current at an input end is continuous, ripple waves are small, and the input end does not need to be connected with a large-capacitance array set in parallel. Compared with a standard Z source two-level inverter, output voltage has neutral point electric potentials, therefore, high frequency harmonic waves are small, a required filter is small, a switching frequency can be reduced, and switching loss is less. The SVPWM method is adopted to control the inverter, so that switching frequencies are decreased, switching loss is reduced, and harmonic contents of the output voltage are reduced.


Cooking banana is a type of banana mainly cultivated for its fruit, which is eaten as cooked as a vegetable in many food insecurity areas. The experiment was conducted at Dasenech Woreda where food insecurity and malnutrition is the main problem to evaluate the performance of cooking banana varieties for Fruit yield and boiling suitability. Four improved cooking banana verities (Cardaba, Nijiru, Matoke and Kitawira) were used as a treatment and arranged in RCBD with three replications. All the growth, agronomic and sensory acceptability data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SAS 9.0 computer software. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant (P≤0.05) differences among the varieties on day of flowering, day of maturity, plant height, fruit weight, number of hands per bunch, bunch weight and total fruit yield. The early date flowering (112) and date of maturing (203.33), as well as the highest number of hands per bunch (8.66), were observed on the variety Matoke. The higher mean value of average fruit weight (168.33 g), bunch weight (15.66 kg) and total yield (23.46 ton ha-1) were observed on the variety Kitawira followed by Mattoke. For panelists scoring preference, the sensory acceptability means scores of boiled Mattoke, Cardoba and Nijru verities showed positive acceptability value from like slightly (Nijiru) to like very much (Mattoke) while Kitawara showed a negative acceptability level. Therefore, the variety Mattoke was identified as the early maturing, moderately yielder and best sensory quality accepted as compared to other varieties that could be recommended to demonstrate in the study area.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 12(1): 161-165, June 2022


Islamic education is a fundamental thing that should be given to all
learners including to children with special needs in the context of formation of
Islamic human being. Therefore, in determining materials, objectives and method
of learning, Islamic education teachers need to consider the ability, the depth of
materials and time allocation to regular students as well as students with special
needs in inclusive schools.
This research used field research with descriptive qualitative approach. The
data was gathered from interview, observation, and documentation by using
Islamic teachers, special counselor teachers, students, and documents as source of
data. Analyzing data procedure consisted of data reduction, data display, and
drawing conclusion. While checking the validity of data was through 4 stages,
they are trust, flexibility, dependability, and certainty. In addition, in the validity
of the data also carried out the process of source triangulation.
The result of this research showed that: 1) The teaching of Islamic education
in inclusive schools include; a. Lesson plan made by Islamic teachers is similar
with other schools in general, not modified or made individually; b. The
implementation of teaching Islamic education in inclusive schools used traditional
way accompanied by special counselor teachers for students with special needs,
the strategy used was expository strategy (teacher as the central of teaching) by
using individual approach; c. Evaluation used by Islamic teachers in inclusive
schools was in written or practice, and there was no difference in minimal passing
grade. 2) The obstacles encountered were on the different needs of each student in
teaching and learning process and unpreparedness of teachers in understanding the
differences in learning needs; 3) The efforts done by Islamic teachers were by
studying the learning needs of each student and using variety of methods to be
easily accepted by all students.


Abstract A late eighth-century Latin translation of a Greek Alexandrian chronograph of the second quarter of the sixth century contains a reference to a Sosates, who is described as a "Jewish Homer" who lived in Alexandria. The first, and most complicated, difficulty with this short entry is determining Sosates' date, which would seem to be the second quarter of the first century B.C.E. The next difficulty is working out what "Jewish Homer" means. Clues are provided by the Jewish poets Philo, Theodotus, and Ezekiel, who used Greek tragic and epic verse to describe Jewish content including the Old Testament, and by the later tradition of Christian Biblical epic in Greek and Latin, which we know of from the fourth century onwards. These examples suggest that Sosates turned some part of the early books of the Old Testament into Homeric verse.


A method of providing a medical image about a patient, performed by a medical image providing apparatus. The method includes receiving patient identification (ID) information from a patient terminal via near-field communication (NFC), searching for information about an object to be diagnosed, based on the patient ID information, and obtaining a medical image about the object, based on the searched for information.


Objective To investigate the expression of astrocyte elevated gene-1(AEG-1)in colorectal carcinoma and its clinical-pathological significance.Methods The expression of AEG-1 in normal colorectal tissues,adenoma and colorectal carcinoma was detected using immunohistochemical method.Results The positive rate of AEG-1 in the colorectal carcinoma was 91.7% and that in the adenoma was 90.9%.The result was significantly higher than the normal colorectal tissues.The difference between the two groups was significant(P0.001).The moderately positive rate and strong positive rate of AEG-1 in the colorectal carcinoma was 31.7% and 60%,respectively,and that in the adenoma was 63.6% and 27.3%.The difference between the two groups was significant(P=0.019).Correlation between the expression of AEG-1 in the colorectal carcinoma and clinical-pathological characteristic was analyzed.The expression of AEG-1 was positively correlated with T and N stage.Conclusion The expression of AEG-1 was upregulated in colorectal carcinoma and adenoma.AEG-1 may play an important role in the tumor progression and development.It can also be used as a biomarker for diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma.


This essay has introduced the application and development of aluminum heat transfer used in automobile field;the production of Chinese heat transfer,the demand import and export of heat transfer.China is a net import country of aluminum 3layer composite foil,and the import price is(23.67%) higher than the export price of heat transfer.At present,there are five plants in China can produce heat transfer,and three plants are in construction at the same time.The total capacity of these seven plants has reached(71.7 kt/a).And the demand predictions are(58.8 kt) in 2008 and(92 kt) in 2010.


Rabies viral vectors have become important components of the systems neuroscience toolkit, allowing both direct retrograde targeting of projection neurons and monosynaptic tracing of inputs to defined postsynaptic populations, but the rapid cytotoxicity of first-generation (ΔG) vectors limits their use to short-term experiments. We recently introduced second-generation, double-deletion-mutant (ΔGL) rabies viral vectors, showing that they efficiently retrogradely infect projection neurons and express recombinases effectively but with little to no detectable toxicity; more recently, we have shown that ΔGL viruses can be used for monosynaptic tracing with far lower cytotoxicity than the first-generation system. Here we introduce third-generation (ΔL) rabies viral vectors, which, like first-generation vectors, have only a single gene deleted from their genomes (in this case the viral polymerase gene L) but which appear to be as nontoxic as second-generation ones, based on in vivo longitudinal structural and functional two-photon imaging and ex vivo electrophysiology. Although third-generation vectors are therefore phenotypically very similar to second-generation ones, we show that they have the major advantage of growing to much higher titers, and this key difference results in significantly increased numbers of retrogradely labeled neurons in vivo. These ΔL rabies viral vectors therefore constitute a new state of the art for minimally perturbative, pathway-specific expression of recombinases and transactivators in mammalian neurons selected on the basis of their axonal projections. Because replication of deletion-mutant rabies viruses within complementing cells is precisely the process that underlies monosynaptic tracing, the higher replication efficiency of this new class of rabies viral vectors furthermore suggests the potential to provide the foundation of an improved nontoxic monosynaptic tracing system.


Three generalizations of broadcasting and gossiping are considered: conference broadcasting in which broadcasting is done by conference calls, partial gossiping in which every gossip must learn at least k pieces of information, and set to set gossiping in which one subset of the members must learn all of the messages of another subset of the members.


The applicability of a regression model of the form Y = m(x) + e can be expanded by allowing a response transformation of the form Y = tλ0(Z) = m(x)+e. A graphical method for selecting the transformation is given. Note that models with additive errors include linear models such as multiple linear regression and many experimental design models, nonlinear and nonparametric regression, generalized additive models and single index models.


Higher education should adapt to the local economic development and serve the local economic development, and therefore the training of foreign language talents in local colleges and universities should be based on the needs of local socio-economic development and the local market. It is necessary for the foreign language talents to participate in the regional economic development in Baoding City. The needs of foreign language talents have shown a trend of diversification, which requires the training of foreign language talents in local colleges and universities to be combined with the characteristics of economic development. In this paper, after the investigation including questionnaires, interviews and analysis of the recruitment information online, the author sums up the situation of the demand for foreign language talents and proposes some suggestions.


Summary Trituration of substances deriving from the human body started in the late nineties of the last century. One important substance, fitting in the row of Placenta, Umbilical cord, DNA, Lac humanum, etc. is Amniotic fluid. Initiated by the Hahnemann Institute of the Netherlands, triturations of Amniotic fluid were carried out in different countries. The results of these triturations are presented in this article on the 1 C to 4 C levels. Next to the materia medica information, insight into the working of the remedy is given by presenting a case of Amniotic fluid and two examples of the way this remedy influences people, both the homeopath and the patient.


This review article presents various multi-DOF application systems that utilize smart magnetorheological (MR) fluid. It is well known that MR fluid has been actively studied and applied in many practical systems such as vehicle suspension dampers. The design requirements for the effective applications of MR fluid include geometry optimization, working principles, and control schemes. The geometry optimization is mostly related to the size minimization with high damping force, while the working principles are classified into the shear mode, the flow mode, and the squeeze mode depending on the dominant dynamic motion of the application system. The control schemes are crucial to achieve final targets such as robust vibration control against disturbances. It should be addressed that advanced output performances of MR application systems heavily depends on these three requirements. This review article presents numerous application systems such as sandwich structures, dampers, mounts, brakes, and clutches, which have been developed considering the three design requirements. In addition, in this article some merits and demerits of each application system are discussed to enable potential researchers to develop more effective and practical MR application systems featuring the multi-DOF dynamic motions.


In-situ TiB2/7055 composites were fabricated from K2TiF6 and KBF4 by mixed-salt reaction method.The effects of rare earth element on as-cast microstructure and properties of composites were investigated.The results show that adding about 0.3% rare earth element can refine the as-cast microstructure of composite matrix significantly,and make the grain size reduce from 200 μm to 40 μm.Meanwhile,the size of TiB2 particles decreases to about 100 nm and the distribution of TiB2 particles becomes more homogeneous.The tensile strength and elongation of composites can reach 690 MPa and 5.5%,respectively,after being solution-treated at 480 ℃ for 60 min and then aged at 120 ℃ for 24 h.


ABSTRACT Recently, a gene from Campylobacter jejuni encoding a putative GTPase was identified. Based on two semiconserved GTP-binding sites encoded within this gene, PCR primers were selected that allow amplification of a 153-bp fragment from C. jejuni, C. coli, C. lari, and C. upsaliensis. Sequence analysis of these PCR products revealed consistent interspecies variation, which allowed the definition of species-specific probes for each of the four thermotolerantCampylobacter species. Multiple probes were used to develop a line probe assay (LiPA) that permits analysis of PCR products by a single reverse hybridization step. A total of 320 reference strains and clinical isolates from various geographic origins were tested by the GTP-based PCR-LiPA. The PCR-LiPA is highly specific in comparison with conventional identification methods, including biochemical and whole-cell protein analyses. In conclusion, a simple method has been developed for rapid and highly specific identification of thermotolerant Campylobacter species.


The purpose of the present research was to develop general guidelines to assist practitioners in setting up operational computerized adaptive testing (CAT) sys tems based on the graded response model. Simulated data were used to investigate the effects of systematic manipulation of various aspects of the CAT procedures for the model. The effects of three major variables were examined: item pool size, the stepsize used along the trait continuum until maximum likelihood estima tion could be calculated, and the stopping rule em ployed. The findings suggest three guidelines for graded response CAT procedures: (1) item pools with as few as 30 items may be adequate for CAT; (2) the variable-stepsize method is more useful than the fixed- stepsize methods; and (3) the minimum-standard-error stopping rule will yield fewer cases of nonconverg ence, administer fewer items, and produce higher cor relations of CAT θ estimates with full-scale estimates and the known θs than the minimum-information stop ping rule. The implications of these findings for psy chological assessment are discussed. Index terms: computerized adaptive testing, graded response model, item response theory, polychotomous scoring.


The quark-gluon vertex describes the electromagnetic and the strong interaction among these particles. The description of this interaction at high precision in both regimes, perturbative and non-perturbative, continues being a matter of interest in the context of QCD and Hadron Physics. There exist very helpful models in the literature that explain perturbative aspects of the theory but they fail describing non-perturbative phenomena, as confinement and dynamic chiral symmetry breaking. In this work we study the structure of the quark-gluon vertex in a non-perturbative regime examining QCD, checking results with QED, and working in the Schwinger-Dyson formalism.


The main binding phases of calcium aluminate cement (CAC) concrete, CaO·Al2O3·10H2O (CAH10) and 2CaO·Al2O3·8H2O (C2AH8), slowly convert to 3CaO·Al2O3·6H2O (C3AH6) and Al(OH)3 (AH3). This reaction significantly speeds up at a temperature higher than ∼30 °C, and over time leads to significant strength loss in CAC concrete. Because of the lack of direct evidence that simultaneously probes morphological and chemical/crystallographic information, intense debate remains whether the conversion is generated by a solid-state or through-solution reaction. The conversion of CAH10 at an elevated temperature is studied herein using synchrotron-radiation-based X-ray spectromicroscopy capable of acquiring near edge X-ray absorption fine structure data and ptychographic images with a resolution of ∼15 nm. We show that, when stored at 60 °C, CAH10 first converts to C2AH8 by solid-state decomposition, followed by the through-solution formation of C3AH6. The C3AH6 crystallizes from both the relics of dissolved C2AH8 and fro...


The complexities inherent in CCA pose a number of thorny challenges for evaluators.This report represents a synthesis and summary of frameworks for the monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of climate change adaptation (CCA) interventions, with a specific focus on international development projects and programs. Tags: adaptation_climat


New selective sensors based on potentiometric transduction for iodide assessment were described. The sensors based on the use of a newly synthesized copper (II) [N, N- bis-(1carboxy-2-(p,hydroxy benzyl))–2,6-(diamino carbonyl)-pyridine] complex (CuL) as neutral ionophore in plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membranes. The influence of lipophilic cationic and anionic additives on the response properties of the sensors was evaluated. The fabricated sensors exhibited enhanced response towards iodide ions over the concentration range 6.3×10 -6 to1.0 ×10 -2 mol L -1 with a detection limit 0.33µg mL − 1 and a slope of -63.6±0.2 mV per decade. These sensors showed a fast and stable response, good reproducibility, and long-term stability. The sensors showed a stable potential over a wide pH range (4.5–9) and exhibited high selectivity for I − ion in the presence of many common anions. The sensors were applied for direct potentiometric measurements of iodide ions over the concentration range 0.8–1270 µg mL − 1 and also for the titration of some metal ions (e.g. Ag + , Hg 2 + ) and MnO 4 - through sequential monitoring. The sequential binding of these ions with I − ensured share stepwise titration curves with consecutive end point breaks at the equivalent points.


The integral expressions for spe tral{angular and spe tral distributions of the radiation power of the system of harged parti les moving on an arbitrary traje tory in nonabsorbing isotropi medium and in va uum are obtained using Lorentz's self{a tion method. It is shown what the redistribution e(cid:11)e ts of energy in the radiation spe trum of the studied system are aused by the oheren e fa tor. The radiation spe trum of the system of ele trons moving in a ir le in this medium is dis rete. The Doppler e(cid:11)e t auses the appearan e of new harmoni s for the system of ele trons moving in a spiral. These harmoni s form the region of ontinuous radiation spe trum.


A new kinetic spectrophotometric procedure for the analysis of Quercetin in Chinese traditional medicine has been described.This method was based on its catalytic effect of Quercetic on the redox reaction of methylene blue-hydrogen peroxide system in ammonium chloride cushion solution medium.The action of Quercetin in this system was studied.The linear range of determination is 1.5×10-5μg/ml-4.5×10-4μg/ml with detection limits of1.2×10-5μg/ml.The procedure was proved to be suitable in terms of selectivity for the micro amount of Quercetin in Chinese traditional medicine.


This Conference is the fifth of a series of Workshops on High Energy Gamma- ray Experiments, following the Conferences held in Perugia 2003, Bari 2004, Cividale del Friuli 2005, Elba Island 2006. This year the focus was on the use of gamma-ray to study the Dark Matter component of the Universe, the origin and propagation of Cosmic Rays, Extra Large Spatial Dimensions and Tests of Lorentz Invariance.


Are they different or are they the same? They appear different, but are they different? Do they belong to separate species? Those were the kind of questions that raced through my brain when I first embarked upon a study of the diversity of invertebrates in the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands of South Africa. As if it was not enough that this was a region renowned for its high levels of faunal and floral diversity, I was now also bombarded with the high levels of within-species variation. Of course, this was much to my delight!


Abstract The residue levels of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were quantified and assessed in five seafood species from Al-Jubail, Arabian Gulf, Saudi Arabia during spring 2017. Samples were subjected to extraction by ultrasonic and cleanup by column chromatography followed by separation and quantification by HPLC. For quality control of analytical results, the range of recovery of PAHs obtained from spiking was 62.54-108.91%, with exceptions in three PAHs. The two pelagic fish recorded the highest residue levels of ∑PAHs (541.31 and 545.52 ng/g), followed by bottom-dwelling fish (341.01 and 403.14 ng/g) and Crustaceans (312.10 ng/g). The samples recorded moderate contamination by ∑PAHs based on an international scale. The diagnostic ratios and principal component analysis identified the petrogenic (dominant) and pyrolytic sources of PAHs in samples, besides other unknown sources. The cluster analysis shows similar composition of PAHs in both examined bottom-dwelling fish species. The highest concentration of ∑PAHCARC was recorded in Scomberomorous commerson (0.051 ng/g) with the highest ∑PAHCARC% (10.87). This indicates a slight adverse effect of these species on human health. The human health risk assessment also revealed possible non-carcinogenic adverse effect in the long term of consumption.


A recent analysis of Paleolithic signs have described which signs are more frequent and which are less frequent. In this paper, we show that this relative frequency can be (at least partially) explained by the symmetries of the signs: in general, the more symmetries, the more frequent the sign. 1 Different Paleolithic Signs Occur with Different Frequencies: Formulation of the Problem Interesting empirical fact. In a recent book [1], the author analyzes Paleolithic signs. In particular, in Chapter 16, she lists seven most frequent signs: • the most frequent sign is a set of parallel lines (P); • next in frequency are dots (D); • then the following signs are of approximately the same frequency: halfcircles (C), crosshatches (CH, see below), and finger fluting (F, see below); • even rarer are zigzags (Z); • finally, the least frequent of the seven symbols are spirals (S). P r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r


The compositions of hemp included cellulose,half cellulose,lignin,pectin,fat waxs and ash content.The method of quantitative analysis used GB 5889-86(weight method) was overelaborate.The method combining weight method(half cellulose,lignin,fat waxs and ash content) and volume method(cellulose,pectin) was used to measure the mass fraction of hemp constituents was simple and accurate.


The last few years have seen dramatic rise in the demand for water in India due to a variety of socio-economic processes and demographic trends. Supplies have also grown manifold, to keep pace with the demand through exploitation of surface and groundwater. The result: groundwater resources are over-exploited in many arid and semiarid regions, leading to falling water levels, deteriorating groundwater quality causing groundwater scarcity. Surface water resources are over-appropriated in many basins. Surface reservoirs are fast depleting due to siltation. Freshwater supplies are increasingly coming under threat of pollution from industrial effluents and municipal waste. The situation has developed steadily and dramatically with the per capita freshwater availability declining from 6008 M3 per year in 1947 to approximately 2200 M3 per annum after 50 years. Water scarcity is becoming a major constraint in producing food for growing population, ecosystem protection, and maintaining health and social security. Increasing competition and conflicts pose social and ecological risks.In this paper, the authors analyze the water problems, emerging issues and management challenges in India. The authors argue that the demand for water will grow by leaps and bounds during the next few decades due to population growth, especially in urban areas, concentration of urban population in a few urban cities, rising income levels, and rapid industrial growth. While water resources would continue to deplete due to groundwater degradation, surface water pollution, and depletion of existing surface reservoirs, water scarcity problems would grow in terms of both intensity and extent. Along with scarcity, the conflicts are likely to grow not only between sectors, but also within sectors. Challenges to evolving sustainable, equitable and efficient management of India's water resources are several. First, the non-availability of adequate scientific data on quantity and quality of water, demand for water in different sectors, nature and extent and causes of water problems become major hindrances to developing sustainable water management strategies. Technology poses another set of challenges. Advancements in water technology aimed at evolving technically feasible, economically viable, environmentally and ecologically sound and socially acceptable solutions in water management are not occurring. Secondly, existing institutions in the water sector are technically oriented, sectoral, and centralised, having the mandate of managing supplies. They adopt piece-meal approaches to solve sectoral problems, and seriously lack capabilities to alter social systems to promote efficient water use and control pollution. The agencies fail to respond to the conflicting needs and interests of different stakeholders due to poor organizational co-ordination. They also lack institutional capabilities to ensure equitable allocation and efficient use of water across sectors and to resolve conflicts.


Objective:To explore the clinical value of CEUS in renal occupied lesions.Methods:CEUS examination was performed in 16 patients with renal occupied lesions.The characteristics and perfusion of kidney neoplasms were observed by CEUS.All lesions were confirmed by pathology or following results.Results: The contrast-enhanced imaging features of renal cell carcinomas were multiple.Two cases of renal cell carcinomas washed in contemporarily and 7 cases with renal cell carcinomas washed in quickly.Three cases with renal cell carcinomas washed out quickly.Three cases with renal cell carcinomas washed out contemporarily.Three cases with renal cell carcinomas washed out slowly.Six cases with renal cell carcinomas showed hyper-enhancement and 3 cases with renal cell carcinomas showed iso-enhancement.Three cases with renal cysts showed more clearly without contrast enhancement inside.Two cases with renal angiomyolipomas washed in slowly and washed out slowly with iso-or hypo-enhancement.Two cases with renal columnar hypertrophy were as same as kidney parenchyma in enhancement and dynamic time.Conclusion: The perfusion of renal occupied lesions can be observed with CEUS and showed high clinical value in the differential diagnosis of renal occupied lesions.


The article deals with a new find of a decorated battle-axe head, which can be dated with a high degree of certainty to the Great Moravian period. The axe head was found in the Oblekovice cadastre in Znojmo in 2021 during metal detecting and handed over to the South Moravian Museum. Subsequent prospection of the site surroundings did not reveal any other related finds. In Moravia, the Oblekovice axe head is unique for its decoration.


The light verb hypothesis was put forward at the end of the 80's. Owing to the works of Grimshaw Mester, Larson, Hale Keyser, it is now becoming one of the most important parts of the generative grammatical theory. Ten years later, based on the HK-Chomsky theory, James Huang developed a new idea which opened a new area in the study of Chinese syntax.


Oxygen-containing functional groups can be present in considerable amount intentionally or unintentionally on graphene, and a complete reduction of graphene oxide is difficult to achieve. To address the origin of this behavior, we have performed pseudopotential density functional theory calculations to investigate in particular the adsorption of hydroxyl (OH) on perfect and defected graphene, individually and in the presence of other coadsorbed functional groups. We found that hydroxyl groups weakly adsorb on perfect graphene, easily aggregate, also with coadsorbed epoxy groups, and can react with each other with a barrier of about 0.5 eV forming water. Defect sites are more reactive for OH adsorption but play different roles. At variance with single vacancy defects where the OH adsorption is highly dissociative, Stone−Wales defects could stabilize the hydroxyl groups on the graphene basal plane, with a much stronger binding and higher barriers for recombination and water formation than pristine.


Across Australia there are many courses preparing graduates to work with children in various capacities, child care workers, teachers, play leaders and other positions too numerous to mention. Many of these courses recognise the importance of practical experience and have incorporated practical components within their courses. However, many of these practices are located in the city giving new graduates little practice in the specific needs faced by children and families in rural communities. In an attempt to address this situation one of these courses, currently operating in Western Australia, decided to incorporate a Rural and Remote Practice into its program. Each year this practice is offered in a different setting, depending upon the needs of the rural community. It would appear that there are four key stake holders in this practical arrangement, the students, the staff, the university and the community. All seem to gain a great deal from their involvement in such a practical experience. This paper will describe the type of experiences offered and look at the gains made by each of these stake holder groups. Unfortunately it is not possible to capture on paper all the golden moments that were had during these experiences and therefore a video and pictorial presentation accompanied the paper at theconference.


_________________________________________________________________________________ Placide Tempels was a pioneer in presenting Bantu philosophy in the mid-20th century as a serious ontological and metaphysical system. His book stands in the context of Europe's discovery of African art and of its aesthetics. In this article the conditions for this reception and the resonance of key motifs of Bantu philosophy with developments in European culture are discussed. Fields of cultural and epistemic difference which persist are identified for further consideration and suggestions for further reception are indicated. __________________________________________________________________________________


This paper deals with the numerical analysis of the behavior of diffracting perforated shields, and in particular of h~neycomb structures. For the numerical computation a Yee's finite difference algorithm with Mur's absorbing boundary conditions is employed. A particular technique allows to limit the spatial dimension of the simulatiug grid, suitably taking into account the external field source. The computed results that the dsturbances gveS the follovnng alculating the attenuation in 2 1% ctiveness and the accuracy of the method.


Spectral imaging is a powerful tool for remote sensing applications. Among other valuable options, acousto-optical tunable filters (AOTF) offer interesting properties to this class of instruments. When sensitivity to ultra-violet (UV) light is required, KH2PO4 crystal (KDP) is a good choice for the acousto-optic (AO) interaction medium as its AO figure of merit is relatively large compared to other materials transparent in UV. However, it generally requires more acoustic power than well-known TeO2-based devices to achieve the highest diffraction efficiency. We report on measurements performed with a KDP-based AOTF (9 ◦ ?> -cut) driven with RF signals up to 3 W. It has been found that owing to various effects (Joules, acoustic wave attenuation,…) the heating of the crystal by a few degrees yields severe alteration of the AOTF spectral transmission function (STF): shift of the central wavelength, increase of the bandwidth and decrease of the peak filter efficiency have been observed. These three effects degrade the AOTF overall performance if not taken into account. This paper presents the experimental evidences and shows how a temperature-dependent AOTF model allows to derive the inner temperature of the device. Possible reasons for the flattening of the STF are also discussed.


The planting design that simulating zonal forest community is an approach of planting design which taking zonal forest community for original version and obeying ecological principles come from the community,it has been become a designing direction nowadays.Fundamental principles of the planting design had been put forward with the analysis suitably.


Trains are one of the main transportations for people, and track maintenance has become an important topic today. In the past, maintainer walked through the track to see if the track is damaged or not, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. This study utilizes Yolov4-tiny neural network to automatically identify 10 classes of track missing from the forward and 4 classes of track missing, 2 classes of normal track from the sideways in real time. Each of the precision is 92% and 96%, and the recall rate is 91% and 94%, which can effectively improve the maintenance efficiency and reduce the manpower demand.


eCare - Health Science System is develop to overcome the current system
existed. This system is build as a combination of various application or sub modules such
as registration for join discussion, share and upload file, calculating BMI, search disease,
quizzes and health news configuration. Besides that, this system is develop using OOAD
approach that applies object modeling techniques to analyze the requirements for a
context to design a solution. It is develop to help user more concern to take care their
health and add their knowledge how to prevent the disease. This system allows them to
share tips, and changing idea with other user. This system can help them to solve and
reduce their fearless about the diseases by let the user know and read the current news
regarding health and new disease. eCare - Health Science system also provide the health
quizzes to test their knowledge about health. Besides that, this system also suggests the
best solution to control their diet based on their BMI status. The implementation of this
system is hoped can provide ease of use to the user and help them to keep their body
healthy and free from disease. This system will be improve and adding new features from
time to time in order to provide good health services to the user.


Abstract – The aim of this paper is to present a full digital implementation of a sensorless speed direct field oriented controlled induction motor drive. Thanks to its advantages, the neural network is used to simultaneously control and reconstruct the induction motor rotor speed. Experimental results for a 1kw induction motor are presented and analyzed using a dSpace system with DS1104 controller board based on digital signal processors (DSP). Obtained results demonstrated that the proposed sensorless control scheme is able to obtain high performances.


This article deals with the approximate boundary controllability problem for a semi-discrete 1-D wave equation. By using a Fourier method, we show that there exists a sequence of approximate controls for the semi-discrete wave equation which remains uniformly bounded when the mesh size tends to zero. These approximate controls will be explicitly constructed and estimates for their norms will be given in function of the discretization step. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 65M06; Secondary 35L05.


SiC Schottky Barrier diodes (SiC SBD) are known to oscillate/ring in the output terminal when used as free-wheeling diodes in voltage-source converters. This ringing is due to RLC resonance among the diode capacitance, parasitic resistance, and circuit stray inductance. In this paper, a model has been developed for calculating the switching energy of SiC diodes as a function of the switching rate (dIDS/dt of the commutating SiC MOSFET) and temperature. It is shown that the damping of the oscillations increases with decreasing temperature and decreasing dIDS/dt. This in turn determines the switching energy of the diode, which initially decreases with decreasing dIDS/dt and subsequently increases with decreasing dIDS/dt thereby indicating an optimal dIDS/dt for minimum switching energy. The total switching energy of the diode can be subdivided into three phases namely the current switching phase, the voltage switching phase, and the ringing phase. Although the switching energy in the current switching phase decreases with increasing switching rate, the switching energy of the voltage and ringing phase increases with the switching rate. The model developed characterizes the dependence of diode's switching energy on temperature and dIDS/dt, hence, can be used to predict the behavior of the SiC SBD.


OMPUTERIZED axial tomography with contrast enhancement' has added a new dimension to the otologist's diagnostic capabilities. Although this radiographic technique is extremely useful, clinicians must be aware of possible diagnostic pitfalls. We shall report on the clinical application of computerized axial tomography (CT scan) in three patients with meningiomas thought to be localized to the middle ear, four patients with cerebellopontine angle tumors, and one patient with an intracranial complication of chronic mastoiditis with cholesteatoma.


Paraspinal muscle degeneration, defined by changes to muscle cross-sectional area and fatty infiltration of the muscle, has been linked to the presence of low back pain, sagittal imbalance, and overall functional limitations. As a result, there is a significant clinical value in efficiently evaluating muscle degeneration. Segmentation of the paraspinal muscles is difficult due to the considerable inter- and intra- patient variability in the muscles and ambiguous boundaries between muscles. Identification of the adipose infiltration adds to this challenge due to the presence of fatty streaks within and around the muscles. In this work, we propose a method for segmenting the erector spinae autonomously and identifying the fatty infiltration into the muscle semi-autonomously. We combine segmentations from two deep U-Nets, each trained to segment on different scales. Training for both networks used manually segmented maps of the muscles on 21 axial MRIs and was validated on 10 images. Automated segmentation of the erector spinae was compared to segmentations done by an expert rater, producing an average Dice score of 0.75. Based on these segmentations, we identified the fat infiltration of the erector spinae muscle using a fuzzy c-means algorithm for generating a probability map. The accuracy of fat identification was qualitatively assessed by three independent neurological surgeons on a scale from 1 (unacceptable) to 5 (perfect). The average rating of our model was 3.87. By using this combination of supervised and unsupervised machine learning methods, we hope to quickly generate a large amount of data for fat vs. muscle segmentation in tissues of the lower back. Successful identification of fatty infiltration of the erector spinae can help us better assess paraspinal muscle degeneration and possibly uncover the etiology of low back pain.


Highway construction is currently in a period of rapid development, and construction planning is whether to adapt to the regional economic and social development needs, which is a standard and the future development construction plan important basis, therefore the objective, comprehensive evaluation of the highway construction and the development of society and economy adaptability problem is very timely and necessary. In this paper, based on the principal component analysis method, AHP, evaluation index system of highway construction and regional socio-economic development adaptability evaluation system was established to evaluate the adaptability of highway construction and development of regional social economy in Heilongjiang province, to provide decision-making reference for the future development of Heilongjiang province highway construction.


There is currently no established UK database establishing reliable outcome data for surgical repair of incisional herniae (IH). Their heterogeneity (variability in size, patient comorbidity, and multiple repair techniques) has resulted in no surgical management or outcome reporting consensus.
 This study aims to utilise national trainee led research collaboratives to perform a multi-centre, observational, prospective study to assess variation in IH defects (by utilising pre-defined criteria from The European Hernia Society (EHS) classification for IH and a Modified Ventral Hernia Working Group) and their subsequent operative management. This study will yield valuable, standardised data on variation in practice and outcomes (complications and 3 and 12-months follow-up) to provide a platform for expanding IH research.

 All NHS hospitals in England undertaking elective IH repair will be eligible for inclusion. Dissemination of and recruitment to the study will be driven by regional research collaborative networks.
 This study will include all elective adult IH repairs with. Data will be collected and managed using REDCap electronic data capture tool. There will be three distinct phases comprising;
 The study is currently unfunded. Funds are sought to obtain NHS Trust sponsorship and proceed to phase 3 of the study.


The worm grappite cast iron has the better mechanical behaviour and good performance of wear resistance and resistance to heat corrosion Substituting grey cast iron by worm graphite cast iron as a material of the cap iron of oven,making an accounting to the strength of oven gate,oven frame and large armour plate,it is proved that the worm graphite cast iron is suitable for the cap iron of oven,and has considerably economical benefits


A method of drawing graphs of cycloid formwork on AutoCAD R14 by AutoLISP language is introduced.With the drawing software,secondary developed the drawing figures,checking coordinate points and coordinate points showed in figures are realized.


Insulators icing and electrical tests methods, which is not proposed at any standards by now ,are important for the external insulation design of HV transmission lines in severe icing districts. Based on the used methods by researchers and referenced on IEC507 and IEEE Std 4, This paper indicates the characteristic parameters specialized insulators icing. It proposes that the insulators icing can be divided into natural icing and artificial icing which includes energized icing and non-energized icing, that the electrical tests methods can be described as a withstand method, an average flashover voltage method and a U-type method, the former two can be used in icing or ice-melting, but the last can only be used in the ice-melting period, and that the test power supply used for iced insulator is according with the polluted insulator.


ABSTRACT A side-sensitive modified group runs double sampling (SSMGRDS) chart for detecting mean shifts is proposed. The average number of observations to signal (ANOS) and expected average number of observations to signal (EANOS) performances of the SSMGRDS, , double sampling (DS), side-sensitive group runs double sampling (SSGRDS), side-sensitive modified group runs (SSMGR) and exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) charts are compared. For the zero-state case, the SSMGRDS chart outperforms all charts under comparison, for all sizes of mean shifts. For the steady-state case, the EWMA chart prevails for small and moderate mean shifts but the SSMGRDS chart prevails for large shifts.


Although billions of battery-free backscatter devices (e.g., RFID tags) are intensively deployed nowadays, they are still unsatisfying in performance limitations (i.e., short reading range and high miss-reading rate) resulting from power harvesting inefficiency. However, applying classic beamforming technique to backscatter systems meets the deadlock start problem, i.e., without enough power, the backscatter cannot wake up to provide channel parameters; but, without channel parameters, the system cannot form beams to provide power. In this work, we propose a new beamforming paradigm called transfer beamforming (TBF), namely, beamforming strategies can be transferred from reference tags with known positions to power up unknown neighbor tags of interest. Transfer beamforming (is accomplished) via (launching) beamforming (to reference tags firstly) for (the purpose of) transfer. To do so, we adopt semi-active tags as reference tags, which can be easily powered up with a normal reader. Then beamforming is initiated and transferred to power up passive tags surrounded by reference tags. A prototype evaluation of TBF with 8 antennas presents a 99.9% inventory coverage rate in a crowded warehouse with 2,160 RFID tags. Our evaluation reveals that TBF improves the power transmission by 6.9 dB and boosts the inventory speed by 2 × compared with state-of-art methods.


In AUTOCAD secondary development area,the parametric design has already been one of the most popular CAD application technologies.The parametric design for standardization has been realized,but it is difficult to do the parametric design for non-standardization.This paper takes the parts of butterfly valve as an example to discuss the relationship between the multi-parametric design for non-standardization and parameter constraint,which is a significative exploration on the parametric design for non-standardization.


Abstract Seven plant species i.e., Adhatoda vasica, Andrographis paniculata, Azadirachta indica, Lawsonia inermis, Moringa oleifera, Ocimum sanctum and Trigonella foenum‐graecum have been screened out systematically for their effectiveness in inhibition of bacterial population of raw water (in vitro) at variable pH level i.e., 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, 7.5 and 8.0. Maximum percentage inhibition was observed in three plant species at 6.5 pH level while in four plant species at 7.0 pH level. Among all the studied plants, maximum inhibition was recorded in case of L. inermis (93.97%) which was followed by M. oleifera (89.72%) and A. vasica (81.75%). In order of maximum to minimum inhibition, individual plant species depicted their effectiveness in the following manner : L. inermis > M. oleifera > A. vasica > A. indica > O. sanctum > A. paniculata > T. foenum‐graecum. Besides, MPN coliform and E. coli were also inhibited maximum at 7.0 pH level by the extract of L. inermis which was followed by A. vasica and M. oleifera...