The downscaling of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) device has been tremendously feasible in the past couple of decades. This action has led to a constant escalation of devices count in a dense integrated circuit, hence an outstanding application of Moore's law to the industry especially in semiconductor sector. Nevertheless, the reduction in the sizing of features has bound to become an issue in providing excellent performance in CMOS circuits particularly in drive current maintenance and operating speed efficiency. Therefore, designers have proposed several solutions to replace the conventional metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) designs such as the implementation of strain/stress engineering technology, introduction of multi-gated MOSFET, adoption of group IV and III-V semiconductors into the device structure, and scaling specification validated with statistical techniques and numerical methods. This work presents a comprehensive simulation study and optimization analysis to study the impacts of stressor, geometric and process design considerations on novel FET devices, i.e. fin shaped FET (FinFET) and heterostructure FET (HFET), for low and high power applications, respectively. A technology computer-aided design (TCAD) based tools, i.e. Synopsys Sentaurus TCAD is used to demonstrate the design structures and analysis on the investigated FET devices. The impact of specific parameters selection on the device performance are considered based on standard CMOS manufacturing trends in recent years.
The implementation of germanium (Ge) and aluminium nitride (AlN) in 7 nm FinFET and gallium nitride (GaN) based HFET, respectively, as the stressor effects has allowed the adjustment of threshold voltage roll-off behaviour without dramatically degrading the device drive current. The incorporation of stress inside the channel layer can increase the drain current by ~110% and ~57% for p- and n-FinFET, respectively. For GaN based HFET, insertion of AlN as the interfacial layer with high Al mole fraction in the barrier can increase the current up to 48% and improve the mobility as well as carrier confinement. Besides that, device performances were explored through varied geometric and process design parameters of a certain range of values. The devices were electrically characterized by studying the current-voltage relation and several figure-of-merits were extracted to study the impacts of these design consideration. This work shows that both geometric and process considerations are affecting the FET performances with similar importance. An optimization process is also conducted onto the 7 nm Ge based FinFET by optimizing the fin geometry. Taguchi method and Pareto analysis of variance were implemented in order to achieve the best possible design for each specification and response with respect to threshold voltages, drive currents, and subthreshold leakages. The analysis shows that the device geometry designs are highly affecting device performances especially the gate length, top fin width, and the interaction of both for n- and p-FinFET by more than 50%. Since the geometries are related to each other in performance improvements, it is important to choose the most nominal design for threshold and current trade-offs achievements.
In conclusion, this work has characterized the impact of group IV and III-V stressor on the FET devices and considering the geometrical and process design, producing simulation results which were in qualitative agreement with published results by other researchers. It is important to understand and simulate accurately the effects of specific parameter selections in the initial design phase to guarantee the optimal operation and limitation of devices in order to realize acceptable CMOS performance for particular chip specifications.


The structural features of webs from different sized spiders of Leucauge blanda and Araneus ventricosus in the field conditions were examined.Results indicated that the capture thread length,capture spiral space,capture area and the number of the web radius were positively related to the weight of L.blanda under 35.1 mg.The ratio of capture thread length of upper to lower was negatively related the weight of L.blanda over 35.1 mg.The capture thread length,the capture spiral space and the capture area were positively related to the body weight of A.ventricosus under 144.9 mg.The numbers of the web radius were also positively related to the body weight of the spider under 103.8 mg.But there was no relationship between capture spiral space and spider weight.The ratio of capture thread length of upper to lower was negatively related the mass of A.ventricosus over 85.4 mg.The relationships between the features of web structure and the body weight of the spiders were the prey strategies under different habitat in different stages of growth.


Urban parks are often the main natural landscape, a key place for residents and visitors, and have important ecological, economic and social benefits. However, as cities grow, landscape planning and design commercializes, and recreational activity increases, urban parks are encroached upon and sometimes destroyed. This is mainly allowed to happen because public consciousness of resources and environmental protection is low. The economic development value of recreational resources is often emphasized, but the non-use value of recreational resources is neglected so that the total value of recreational resources is underestimated. The park of Xuanwu Lake in Nanjing is an example we profile in this paper. The non-use value of the recreational resources was researched quantitatively by adopting the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) and an investigation of the willingness of tourists to pay (WTP). Four hundred payment card CVM questionnaires were surveyed and 369 were returned. Distribution shape and rule of willingness to pay were probed. We found that most visitors (62.1%) have a willingness to pay the non-use value of the recreational resources at Xuanwu Lake Park. The total non-use value of this recreational resource was 473 × 10 6 Yuan in 2011, the existence value is 307 × 10 6 Yuan per year, the bequest value is 88 × 10 6 Yuan per year and the option value is 79 × 10 6 Yuan per year. The relationship between population features and WTP shows that educational level and age are significantly correlated with WTP; however, gender, guest source area, monthly income, tourist understanding about Xuanwu Lake park, and other factors were not correlated with WTP. Monthly income is obviously correlated with the value of WTP, though other factors are not. This study promotes visitor cognition of the recreational resource value of urban parks, strengthens their awareness of environmental protection, and provides a scientific basis for related organizations to plan, manage and protect urban parks. As economic conditions continue to improve in China and environmental awareness grows, the willingness to pay for recreational resources will increase.


ABSTRACT Purpose: To assess the offer of the maternal breast in preterm babies hospitalized at the Intensive Care Unit of the Hospital and Maternity Neomater, linking this datum with the manner to feed them (cup or bottle) in the absence of the mother, and the speech-language stimulation carried out. Methods: Forty-eight newborn preterm infants with gestational age less than or equal to 36 6/7 weeks, weighting ≤2500 grams and with stable respiratory pattern participated in this study. The newborns were divided into two groups: group A (35 newborns) with bottle feeding, and group B (13 newborns) with cup feeding. Speech-Language Pathology monitoring was organized in Stage 1 (non-nutritive sucking in "gloved finger" or "empty breast" concomitant with enteral feeding); Stage 2 (oral feeding offer – maternal breast, bottle or cup – with complement provided by enteral feeding); Stage 3 (exclusive oral feeding offer – maternal breast, bottle or cup); Stage 4 (effective breastfeeding offer). A comparison was carried out between the groups regarding the number of days in each phase. Data were statistically analyzed using the independent t-test, with significance level of 5%.


The municipality is an autonomous political society subordinated to the legal order
constitutional state, each municipality is a legal person
public law with its own assets and ability to perform acts
legal as may be necessary for the fulfillment of its purposes.
Municipal government and administration are exercised jointly by the
Council and Mayor, through separate functions that allow
achieving the aims of the municipality.
The Mayor is the superior of the municipal administration, for
achieve these aims, the municipal administration executes functions
branches of activity, planning and urban development; Public Works; finance; services
public; health and social care, education, culture; Justice and Police, if
as the Board.
The Council is the policymaking body of the municipal government, is responsible
exclusively, the regulatory powers that the Constitution assigns to
Municipality; This is the authority to issue ordinances, agreements and resolutions.


Cheiroseiulus reniformisn.gen., n. sp., a platyseiine mite from water pools on epiphytes in Jamaica, is described. The species is characterized by having a markedly hypotrichous opisthonotal chaetotaxy. A key is given to the genera of the Platyseiinae.


Objective : To evaluate the cytotoxic effect of different amounts of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), on a culture of human osteoblastos (HOB) cells. Method : Cultures of human osteoblasts (HOB) in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) supplemented with 10% of bovine fetal serum were incubated in sodium hypochlorite (concentrations of 0.5; 1.0; 2.5 and 5.25%) for 30 seconds. The control group was represented by cells incubated in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Cell viability was assessed by means of 0.4% trypan blue dye exclusion test, in triplicate. During the incubation period, images were recorded through an inverted optic microscope to evaluate the cellular morphology. Results : In the control group 98.7% of viable cells were verified, without morphology alterations, while no viable cells were observed in the experimental groups. The kinetics of cytotoxity was concentration-dependent. Conclusion : It was concluded that there was a cytotoxic effect on cultures of human osteoblasts incubated for 30 seconds in sodium hypochlorite in all concentrations (0.5; 1.0; 2.5 and 5.25%). Indexing terms : sodium hypochlorite; root canal irrigants; osteoblas; toxicity.


11556 Background: Anxiety and depression are associated with decreased quality of life, treatment adherence, and survival in patients with cancer. Mental Health Inventory (MHI-17) is a validated screening tool for psychological well-being, but cut points for older adults with cancer are unknown. The goal of this study is to identify cut points on MHI-17 Anxiety (MHI-A) and Depression (MHI-D) subscales which correlate with patient-reported anxiety and depression in older adults with cancer. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of baseline data from a randomized controlled trial in adults aged 65+ with solid tumors starting chemotherapy. At baseline, patients completed MHI-17. MHI-A and MHI-D were calculated (range 0-100; higher scores represent better mental health). Self-reported anxiety was obtained from single-item Linear Analog Scale Assessment (0-5 = low, 6-10 = high). Self-reported depression was obtained from Yale Depression Screen, "Do you often feel sad or depressed?" The association of MHI-A and MHI-D with the patient-reported outcomes was analyzed using logistic regression. Youden's index was used to determine the optimal cut points for MHI-A and MHI-D for identifying patients with high anxiety and depression. Results: 458 patients (median age 71 (range 65-91), 57% female, 55% non-Hispanic white) were included in this analysis. The most common cancer types were: GI (31%), breast (19%), GU (18%), and pulmonary (16%); 75% had stage IV cancer. Twenty-four percent (N = 110) reported high anxiety and 21% (N = 97) depression. Median scores for MHI-A and MHI-D were 75 (range 0-100) and 80 (range 0-100). The optimal cut point for high anxiety on MHI-A was 65; this had an accuracy of 76.1%, a sensitivity of 71.8%, and a specificity of 77.5%. The optimal cut point for depression on MHI-D was 70; this had an accuracy of 80.1%, a sensitivity of 80.4%, and a specificity of 79.8%. Conclusions: The current study identified optimal cut points for MHI-Anxiety and MHI-Depression subscales to identify older adults with cancer starting chemotherapy with self-reported anxiety and depression. In the absence of patient-reported anxiety and depression, these cut points could be used to identify older patients with cancer at risk for poor mental health.


on them. Believing that they had to quickly approve a flawed invasion plan before Soviet weapons reinforced Castro's military preparations, the Americans had been extremely rash. "Such a hurried atmosphere," writes Jones, "resulted in careless policymaking, faulty execution of a poorly conceived plan, a mindless faith in luck and ingenuity, and a nonsensical political fear of attribution that undermined an already weak military operation" (p. 129). Rather than learn from his and the administration's numerous mistakes, Kennedy opted to unleash his brother, Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy, on the CIA, riding herd over the agency as it sought new plans for Castro's elimination throughout the remainder of the Kennedy presidency. These schemes continued to evolve well into the presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson, ending in 1965, only after Washington became deeply distracted by Vietnam. Jones' account will prove highly useful to scholars needing an overview and level-headed analysis of the shattering embarrassment at the Bay of Pigs. However, Jones leaves some questions unresolved, sometimes due to silences or gaps in the documentary record, and sometimes as a result of his methodology. Political scientists and cultural historians will not find in this account either institutional theory about decision making or analysis of the deeper cultural origins of US misconceptions of Cubans. Why, for example, did the Joint Chiefs so readily cede operational turf to the upstarts from the CIA? Why did American planners so consistently underestimate Castro, his military, and the support of the Cuban people for the regime? Can these questions be answered solely by focusing on the record of the deliberations of policymakers in 1960–1, or is a longer and broader view necessary? Moreover, despite his thorough use of official documents, Jones' bibliography of pertinent scholarship is quite short, and it is odd to find the novel The Godfather listed in a bibliography citing few journal essays and no Spanish-language studies. Nevertheless, thanks to Jones, scholars will no longer be able to treat the Bay of Pigs catastrophe as a sideshow, to minimize its importance in the Kennedy years and beyond, or to view it as but a prelude to the more important Cuban missile crisis. This authoritative study establishes the central importance of one of the most deeply disturbing episodes in American history.


Al67Mn8Ti24Nb1 alloy powders, prepared by 10,15 and 60 h high-energy ball-milling respectively, were consolidated separately by sintering and hot-pressing. The microstructure of hotpressed alloys consists of L12 matrix and DO22 second phase. The grain size of the powder- consolidated anoy is much smaller than that of the cast alloy, the second phase particles are finely dispersed in the matrin. The compressive yield strength, fracture strength and ductility of the Al67Mn8Ti24Nb1 alloy consolidated with 10 h ball milled powder are much higher than those of the cast alloy. But the σf and ef of the alloy consolidated with powders having longer ball-milling times are decreased and the alloy consolidated with 60 h milled powder behaves no plastic strain, the cause of this effect has been analyzed and discussed. A proper annealing treatment could improve the ductility of the powderconsolidated alloys.


A microbial dissolved oxygen (DO) uptake model was developed for a stream bed, including the effect of turbulence in the flow over the bed and pore water flow in the porous bed. The fine-grained sediment bed has hydraulic conductivities 0.01≤k≤1  cm/s, i.e., sediment particle diameter 0.006≤ds≤0.06  cm. The pore water flow is driven by pressure fluctuations at the sediment-water interface, mostly attributable to near-bed coherent motions in the turbulent boundary layer above the sediment bed. An effective mass transfer coefficient (De) coupled to a pore water flow model was used in the DO transport and DO uptake model. DO flux across the sediment-water interface and into the sediment, i.e., sedimentary oxygen demand (SOD), was related to hydraulic conductivity and microbial oxygen uptake rate in the sediment and shear velocity at the sediment-water interface. Simulated SOD values were validated against experimental data. For hydraulic conductivities of the sediment bed up to k≈0.01  cm/s, the pore water f...


There is a perception, held by many caregivers, that they have few if any legal rights as caregivers. This article sets out to present and discuss 3 pieces of legislation, the 1995, 2000 and 2004 Carers Acts. It looks at the various carer's strategies that derive from these Acts, along with the role of the healthcare assistant/assistant practitioner and nurse in promoting caregivers' rights.


Abstract Excessive chemical fertilizer application in croplands and untreated discharge from livestock and poultry industries have resulted in serious nonpoint pollution in China. In 2014, geograph...


A numerical solution of the boundary integral equation for the exterior Helmholtz problem in three dimensions, leads to the solution of a dense linear system. In order to have a well conditioned system, we consider the Despres integral equations (see J. Electromag. Waves and Appl., vol.13, p.1553-68, 1999). An iterative method is given by Despres to solve this system. If Niter is the number of the iterations, the complexity of this resolution is of order Niter k/sup 4/, where k is the wave number. In order to speed up the iterative solution of the system, we have considered the coupling of two methods, the microlocal discretization method and the fast multipole method (FMM). The microlocal discretization method of T. Abboud, J.-C. Nedelec and B. Zhou (1995), enables one to consider a new system whose size is of order k/sup 2/3//spl times/k/sup 2/3/ instead of k/sup 2//spl times/k/sup 2/ for convex geometries. However, due to the geometrical approximation of the surface, the fine mesh of the standard case is still considered. Another method, the fast multipole method, is one of the most efficient and robust methods used to speed up the calculation of matrix-vector products, with a cost of order k/sup 3/ instead of k/sup 4/ for the one level FMM. In this paper, a coupling of these two methods is presented. It enables one to reduce the CPU time very efficiently for large wave number, with a complexity of order k/sup 3/+Niter k/sup 4/3/.


This paper presents a multi-component chirp signal detection with new methods of parameter estimation. The method using spatial characteristics of the antenna array. By array average fractional Fourier domain weighting function is introduced to reduce noise and suppress mutual interference between the signals from different sources. And compared to a single array element method. The proposed method greatly improves the multi-component chirp signal detection and parameter estimation performance. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the method.


Though they may appear traditional people are often willing to adopt new attitudes behaviours or practices if they are convinced that such change will improve their lives. In Kenya for instance women who traditionally performed female genital mutilation/cutting have turned into powerful allies in the fight against it. The creation of alternative livelihoods for these women as well as awareness-raising campaigns highlighting the dangers of the practice were important factors in their decision. In Bangladesh despite long-standing traditions of child marriage and the giving and receiving of dowries many villagers now recognize these practices as harmful and are pressuring their peers to reject them. Local imams who were encouraged to speak out about violence against women in the context of the Koran were crucial in changing public opinion. (excerpt)


EU integration and globalization trends require new mechanisms and methods of regulating economic processes to transform Ukraine into an economically developed powerful state. Innovation is an integral part of any production cycle, but to achieve better results, innovation processes and relationships in the creation and implementation of innovative technologies in the national economy require active participation and great attention from the state. The main emphasis of such attention should be focused on organizational, legal and institutional support of innovation, which requires solving a vast number of problems of intensive development. The end of the twentieth century was a period of spreading ideas about the need to change the paradigm of public administration. Scientists began to realize the need to move to a new model of public administration based on strengthening the social nature of government. The change in approach implies an essential change in the state's role: from the producer of public goods to the regulator of market processes. During the implementation of this model, the most crucial effect is possible if the principles of openness, innovation, decentralization, and a combination of market and state regulation, individual freedom and new forms of individual and collective responsibility.


Objective Burnout is a negative affective state consisting of emotional exhaustion, physical fatigue, and cognitive weariness symptoms. This study was designed to evaluate prospectively the association between burnout and coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence and to test the possibility that this association is nonlinear. Methods Participants were 8838 apparently healthy employed men and women, aged 19 to 67 years, who came for routine health examinations at the Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center. They were followed up for 3.4 years on average. Burnout was measured by the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure. CHD incidence was defined as a composite of acute myocardial infarction, diagnosed ischemic heart disease, and diagnosed angina pectoris. Results During follow-up, we identified 93 new cases of CHD. Baseline levels of burnout were associated with an increased risk of CHD, after adjustment for various risk factors (hazard ratio = 1.41; 95% confidence interval = 1.08–1.85). In addition, we observed a significant threshold effect of burnout on CHD incidence. Participants who scored high on burnout (scores in the upper quintile of the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure scores distribution) had a higher risk (hazard ratio = 1.79; 95% confidence interval = 1.05–3.04) of developing CHD on follow-up compared with others. Conclusions Burnout is an independent risk factor for future incidence of CHD. Individuals with high levels of burnout (upper quintile) have a significantly higher risk of developing CHD compared with those with low levels of burnout. Abbreviations CI = confidence interval CHD = coronary heart disease IHD = ischemic heart disease SMBM = Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure BMI = body mass index ECG = electrocardiogram LDL = low-density lipoprotein


The article is dealing with the theory of Crossed Field Antenna -CFA. This type was patented recently and sees its practical application particularly in area of long and medium waves. A brief theoretical analysis of the principle of radiation of this new type of antenna, which is not wave dependent to its physical dimensions, is present in this article. The independence on waves of the current CFA s enables substantial reduction of mechanical dimensions for medium wave (MW) antennas. Thereby, the dimensions of MW antennas reduces from hundreds of meters to structures measuring only several meters without affecting their electrical parameters -like power, impedance and radiation. The article is presenting a proposal and an analysis regarding the potentials in using CFA in high frequency (HF) and very high frequency (VHF) frequency bands. From this point of view, reducing the size of the airborne communication antennas is among the long-term goals of the authors research conducted at the educational institute.


This paper provides a general overview of recent developments in the study of the flexural post‐cracking behavior of steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC). The results of three‐point‐bending tests (3PBTs) performed at the University of Brescia during the last lustrum were collected in a broad database consisting of 81 series for a total amount of 528 beams. Several experimental parameters were investigated: strength of concrete matrix, fiber dosage, fiber aspect ratio, fiber filament tensile strength, as well as fiber orientation. The latter was deeply studied by means of image analysis of cut cross sections. The results, discussed in terms of post‐cracking flexural residual strengths, highlight that all the parameters studied contribute to the post‐cracking performances exhibited by SFRCs.


Silicon carbide (SiC) is a very attractive material for high voltage, high power switching devices. Power MOSFETs in SiC have received the most attention, but high performance SiC MOSFETs have yet to be developed due to poor MOS mobility and reliability, especially in 4H-SiC. On the other hand, bipolar devices such as GTOs (Agarwal et al, 1999) have demonstrated high blocking voltages and high on-currents, taking full advantage of the material properties of SiC. In this paper, we report the first demonstration of high voltage NPN bipolar junction transistors in 4H-SiC. The BJTs were able to block 1800 V and showed an on-resistance of 10.8 m/spl Omega/cm/sup 2/ (I/sub C/=2.7 A at V/sub CE/=2 V for a 1 mm/spl times/1.4 mm active area), which outperforms all previously reported SiC power switching devices. Moreover, these transistors show a negative temperature coefficient in the on-resistance characteristics, which enables easy paralleling of the devices. The BJTs were fabricated in 4H-SiC with a 20 /spl mu/m thick, 2.5/spl times/10/sup 15/cm/sup -3/ doped collector layer, 1 /spl mu/m thick, 2.5/spl times/10/sup 17/cm/sup -3/ doped base layer, and 0.75 /spl mu/m thick N+ emitter layer. The N+ emitter fingers were isolated by RIE, and then aluminum was implanted to form base contact regions. The base layer was then RIE etched to isolate the devices, and boron ions were implanted to form JTE termination regions. Alloyed Ni was used for both N-type and P-type ohmic contacts. A Ti/Au layer was then deposited and patterned as overlayer and probing pads.


The proposed IEEE Floating Point Standard, which is being prepared with unprecedented reliance on the advice of experienced numerical analysts, appears to be the answer to long-standing pleas for sensible floating-point arithmetic systems. The committee drafting the standard has not settled some of the details, but it has agreed that the standard is intended to encourage high-quality numerical programming. To this end the committee agrees on basic arithmetic operations that round correctly and are otherwise clean and free of anomalies. Many of us applaud that accomplishment and eagerly await the appearance of standard-conforming machines. Our frustrations with arithmetic systems in which multiplication is not commutative, in which X+X differs from 2.0×X by a decimal place or more, and in which the least significant half of a double precision number underflows and flushes to zero independent of the most significant half thus abruptly dropping the computation to single precision (without warning, of course) are almost over. The new machines will have none of these or the even more exotic mathematical atrocities existing in our current machines. But our joy at the dream we see materializing before our eyes must be tempered by the realization that the new machines will not solve all of our problems immediately and may even introduce a few new ones.


This article provides an overview of related literature covering the wide range of issues pertaining to the problems and coping strategies in general from the Islamic worldview. There are many integrative methods and means provided in the Islamic authentic sources of the Holy Qur'an, Sunnah and the Islamic heritage as well as the modern methods. The novel aspect of this article is that apart from drawing theoretical conclusion from the existing work of coping mechanism, it is to integrate the Islamic principle pertaining to helping others in a way to address obvious inadequacies in the existing services offered to the Muslims. Therefore, it is appropriate to unearth the influence of Islamic belief and practices on man's relationship with Allah and his relationship with mankind, on his ways of coping with the challenges and problems in his daily lives. From a review of literature, faith or belief influences the way individuals view and relate to God; and how religion in general is used to cope with difficult life circumstances. Besides that, the collaborative religious coping strategies balance an individual's own efforts for managing stress with seeking help and support from others. Therefore, coping strategies of Muslims are approached from integrated and holistic perspective based on the understanding that man is created not from mere physical entity but also spiritual,psychological and intellectual entities. In conclusion, the Islamic coping mechanism should be planned in a way that all these dimensions of man can be better served.


In this paper, we undertake an exploratory investigation of how service innovation is achieved in the context of a service triad arrangement. The service triad refers to end customer-service buyer-...


The concept of freedom of the will is discussed in the context of neuropsychiatric disease. Psychiatric conditions or neurological disease affecting the brain can modify freedom of will to varying degrees depending upon severity and response to treatment. Milder psychiatric disorders are common and exact thresholds for making diagnoses may be difficult to define reflecting a continuum between abnormal and normal. The study of these neuropsychiatric conditions may provide insight into the role of neurological and psychological factors in freedom of the will in both the mentally healthy and mentally ill. The author suggests a dynamic view of freedom of will with changes in degrees of freedom occurring throughout the life-cycle. The study of neuropsychiatric conditions has implications for any discussion of freedom of will.


Granular formulations of Counter 15G and Mocap 10G, and liquid Mocap were compared in Clay County, Nebraska. Granular insecticides were applied in a 7 in (17.5 cm) band over the row. Liquid insecticides were applied broadcast within 2 hr after planting. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block with 4 replications. Each plot was 4 rows wide and 38.5 ft × 30 in centers. The 2 center rows were used for data collection. The experiment was planted on May 15, stand counts made on July 11, roots dug for evaluation on July 23, and plots harvested on October 17. The experiment was irrigated. Data was subjected to analysis of variance and means separated by Duncan's Multiple Range Test where appropriate.


Isolated spontaneously beating rat and guinea-pig hearts were used to investigate the direct dilator action of adenosine (5 μg./ml.) on the coronary vasculature. Phenoxybenzamine (10 μg./ml.) blocked the coronary dilator effect of adenosine and of another coronary dilator drug, dipyridamole, but failed to block adenosine-induced bradycardia. These results are interpreted to mean that adrenergic receptors may be involved in the coronary-dilator effect of adenosine.


This articlepoem is about educational justice and research in a new material and posthumanist perspective: embodied contextual monstrous diffractive pedagogies in the service of the—quality as in qualia—moment. It is about writing as slow walking and seeing as spirit through wicked and uncomfortable topics and what they might produce: vulnerable knowing, storied matter and subjective professionalisms of polyvocality, heterogeneity, and even heterodoxy. Naked realisms . . . I discuss a/un/grammaticality, corpovirtualities, and futuring and/as innovation. Through animating what I call Pikettydata on inequality ultimately inequity. My aim is to expand on notions of the learning self and expanded social contracts. Unleashing "mad" elements in language through poeticalization is seen as both a political and ethical imperative and method activating differences building in perhapses and never "is-ness" constantly possibilizing becoming and/as learning and justice. Learning aporetically and affectively conceptualized as working memory with/in floating representation. It is a move from hermeneutic to immanent and affirmative theories of assessment and/as learning. Furthermore, it is a move from normative to stretched and complex scientific analysis in both education and research: natural, human, and social sciences and research are process-ontologically written together. It is a move away from preoccupation with concepts of identity and culture toward particularity and commonality as in a walking withness for both teaching and learning . . . research. The inner logic of this text is to avoid closure. That is my social contract with you as reader.


Traffic performance has many positive and negative consequences to the environment and society. These external effects are ever more often considered in the traffic system planning and administration. Desired effects of traffic can be thought as traffic performance policies. It is also possible to support these policies through traffic management and traffic signal controllers. In this study we introduce a general framework for a process flow which allows signalised junction controllers to adapt into desired policy. Also, we present an example implementation of the processes of the framework, and experiment with it by optimising a signal controller in a microscopic traffic simulation environment.


The study investigated subject integrated teaching and vocational knowledge in one Health and Social Care program. The material was collected ethnographically, during a period of a school semester ...


The research aims to examine the effect of treatment with the application of problem-based learning (PBL) on learning outcomes of student. The topic of teaching biology in this research is invertebrate material. During the conduct of this research, a quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group program was done. A total of 45 students who were divided into two classes (control = 20 students, experiment = 25 students) were taken randomly from a total of eight classes. The instrument for measuring student learning outcomes is seven items and has been validated by experts and empirically. The t test was used to compare data. The results of the research show that there is no difference in learning outcomes in the two classes (experimental and control) with sig. 0.825. This research concludes that problem-based learning has no impact on student learning outcomes on invertebrate material. The future research recommendation is to provide innovation in problem-based learning to increase its effectiveness on student performance.


The investigation of VHE gamma-ray sources by any methods, i ncluding mirror Cherenkov telescopes, touches on the problem of the cosmic ray origin and, a ccordingly, the role of the Galaxy in their generation. The SHALON observations have yielded t he results on Galactic supernova remnants (SNR) of different ages. Among them are: the shelltype SNRs Tycho's SNR (1572y), Cas A (1680y), IC 443 (age ∼ (3÷ 30)× 103 y), γ Cygni SNR (age∼ (5÷ 7)× 103 y) and classical nova GK Per (Nova 1901). For each of SNRs the observ ation results are presented with spectral energy distribution by SHALON in comparison w ith other experiment data and images by SHALON together with data from X-ray by Chandra and radio-data by CGPS. The collected experimental data have confirmed the prediction o f the theory about the hadronic generation mechanism of very high energy 800 GeV 100 TeV gamma-ra ys in Tycho's SNR, Cas A and IC443. Recently, unique data on GK Per TeV gamma-ray emissio n were obtained with SHALON experiment. The X-ray data shows that, the nova remnant of GK Per could be a younger remnant that will resemble older SNRs (like IC 443) which interact wi th molecular clouds. GK Per is supposed to be a candidate for TeV gamma-ray emission due to t h accelerated particles in the reverse shock region. The analysis of SHALON observation da ta revealed the main TeV-emission region coinciding with the position of central source of GK P er and the weak emission of shell, that is also observed in X-ray by Chandra.


The basic characteries of alginate/BSA microcapsule processed in high-voltage electrostatic field have been studied.The results showed: BSA was in the crystal form inside the microcapsule ; the ratio of ingredients, added the concentration ofchitosan and the pH of CaCl2 could directly affect the encapsulation efficiency and the core material loading ; and chitosan mightimprove release in vitro considerably. In addition, different drying methods could also influence release performance.


In this paper, new classes of sets in general topology called a supra-β-open (closed) ( an infra-β-open (closed) ) set are introduced. Using new concepts, the fundamental properties and special results are highlighted. The relations between supra-β-open (closed) ( an infra-β-open (closed) ) set and other topological sets are investigated. Moreover, counter-examples are given to show that the converse of these relations in Diagram 1 need not be true, in general. Finally, some special theorems are introduced by adding condition to achieve the converse relations in Diagram 1.


The threshold fines content of a sand with non-plastic fines represents the silt content where the 10 soils transitions from being a sand matrix, with silt particles are entirely contained in the voids 11 between the sands, to being a silt matrix that contains isolated sand grains. A laboratory-testing 12 program was performed on a series of mixtures of sand and silt, with silt contents ranging from 13 zero to 45%, to determine if the friction angle, the cyclic resistance, and normalized dissipated 14 energy per unit volume required to initiate liquefaction changed based upon the silt content of the 15 soil relative to the threshold fines content. This data was evaluated with respect to whether the silt 16 content of the specimens was below the lower-bound threshold fines content or above the upper-17 bound threshold fines content. It was determined that soils above the upper-bound threshold fines 18 content had lower friction angles, lower cyclic resistances and required less normalized dissipated 19 energy per unit volume to initiate liquefaction than soils below the lower-bound threshold fines 20 content. It was also shown that under the larger strains experienced during monotonic testing, the 21 friction angle did not reach a constant value until it was well above the upper-bound limiting silt 22 content.


Aerial photograph taken by Whites Aviation. Shows Naenae College at the bottom left, with the Park Avenue shops and market gardens in the foreground. View looks south along High Street, with Petone and Wellington Harbour in the distance.
Quantity: 1 b&w original negative(s).
Physical Description: Cellulosic film negative, 1/2 plate


Friedel-Crafts reaction of triphenyleno[1,12-bcd]thiophene (2) by means of aluminum chloride, nitrobenzene, and a limited excess of acetyl chloride yielded 3-acetyl-2 (78%) and 3,5-diacetyl-2 (7%). Use of a large excess of acetyl chloride gave yields of 42% and 22%, respectively. Wolff-Kishner reduction of the acetyl compounds produced 3-ethyl-2 (15%) and 3,5-diethyl-2 (8%). Structures were assigned largely on the basis of 1H nmr and ultraviolet absorption spectra of the products.


"WELL said, by *corpus Domini,"* quoth our Host; *the Lord's body* "Now longe may'st thou saile by the coast, Thou gentle Master, gentle Marinere. God give the monk *a thousand last quad year!* *ever so much evil* Aha! fellows, beware of such a jape.* *trick The monk *put in the manne's hood an ape,* *fooled him* And in his wife's eke, by Saint Austin. Drawe no monkes more into your inn. But now pass over, and let us seek about, Who shall now telle first of all this rout Another tale;" and with that word he said, As courteously as it had been a maid; "My Lady Prioresse, by your leave, So that I wist I shoulde you not grieve,* *offend I woulde deeme* that ye telle should *judge, decide A tale next, if so were that ye would. Now will ye vouchesafe, my lady dear?" "Gladly," quoth she; and said as ye shall hear.


Key Points • A new TMTV/ECOG-PS prognostic score was validated in 2174 patients of all ages with DLBCL treated in clinical trials and real-world series.• The combined TMTV and ECOG-PS prognostic score allows identification of patients with high-risk DLBCL before first-line treatment.


Acrobeles ciliatus Linstow, 1877 is redescribed from specimens collected in Germany and The Netherlands. A. ensicaudatus n. sp. from Florida is distinguished by its sword-like tail, relatively large cephalic region, long membranous tine on one side of each cephalic probola, excretory pore about the twelfth annule and short postuterine sac. A. cbelatuJ n. sp., from Australia, is distinguished from other Acrobeles species by the possession of a subterminal spur on the labial probolae in addition to a pair of slender terminal spurs; apposition of the subterminal spur with the forward directed member of the terminal pair provides a claw-like appearance.


Poor water penetration constitutes a major production constraint for more than 400, 000 acres of agricultural land in California. The associated economic losses are particularly appreciable in the production of fruit and nut crops. In response to a hypothesis that cover crops may improve water infiltration in orchards, studies were conducted at Davis and Ceres. After 3 years' study, results indicate major benefits are possible with the planting of cover crops.


Decision gathering process in target‐detection wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has an essential impact on the overall performance. Among the different decision gathering approaches, a recently proposed scheme, denoted by index modulation based WSN (IM‐WSN), has shown a significant enhancement in the decision error rate (DER). The IM‐WSN scheme exploits the concept of IM to convey sensing results from distributed clusters in cluster‐based WSNs. In this work, we aim at further enhancing the decision accuracy of IM‐WSN by improving the transmit diversity of each cluster. Specifically, two schemes, referred to as group‐based IM (GIM‐WSN) and combination‐based IM (CIM‐WSN), are proposed. Both schemes rely on increasing transmit diversity by allowing more than one node to act as cluster head and forward sensing results to the sink node. The average decision rate is formulated in a unified closed form expression for both schemes. In comparison with the state‐of‐art schemes, simulation results show that the proposed schemes exhibit better performance in terms of DER without additional complexity or energy consumption.


The population size of watermelon F2 generation were determined according to the genetic theory of the combination numbers of the male and female gametes produced by F1 generation which possessed multiple relative characters is 4 n.Using the theory,the pure lines accorded with the objective characters could be selected in F3 or F4 generation,which shortened the breeding period and enhanced the breeding efficiency.The selection and elimination were carried out at the early-middle growth period of watermelon,which could reduce the workload,save the experimental land,decrease the production cost greatly,and mad the selection of F2 generation from a big group practicable.


An experimental section of P.C.C. pavement on U.S. 23 in Ross County, Ohio is studied. Variables included in the study are: (1) Joint spacing; (2) Sub-base stabilization; (3) Coating of dowel bars; (4) Configuration of the saw cut; and (5) The use of skewed joints. The yearly curve of joint movement is plotted from hand gage readings. Electronic instrumentation is used to give a continuous record of daily horizontal slab movements. Deflection of the slab ends under known axle loads is measured. A complete record to date is given of the progress of mid slab cracking. Spalling at the bottom of the pavement is measured and plotted for each of the 101 contraction joints in the project.


We seek to achieve characterization or application signature from a parallel application that will allow us, through the execution of this signature, to evaluate its performance in different computers. Sequential applications behavior can be understood by means of tools such as SimPoint. This tool can identify and select significant phases describing the applications behavior. Our proposal is to extend those concepts towards parallel applications, with the goal of modeling and predicting the parallel application. To achieve this, we developed a methodology, enabling us to identify and extract repetitive behavior to create the application signature. We have validated our proposal using scientific applications such as the NAS Parallel Benchmarks, Sweep3D. We could predict the execution time of the entire application.


Objective To study the changes of plasma brain natriuretic peptide(BNP) levels before and after cardioversion in non-permanent atrial fibrillation(AF) patients with normal left ventricle function,and to explore the role of BNP in AF.Methods Plasma BNP levels were measured in 128 non-permanent atrial fibrillation patients and 67 health persons with sinus rhythm.Results Two hours after successful cardioversion,plasma BNP levels were decreased significantly in all the patients.Fifty four patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation were all restored to sinus rhythm,and the average level of plasma BNP was dropped from 68.4±(18.7)ng/L to 28.1±14.9ng/L.Seventy four patients with persistent atrial fibrillation were restored to sinus rhythm,and the average level of plasma BNP was dropped from 75.8±20.9ng/L to 29.1±18.1ng/L.Conclusion Increasing of plasma BNP in normal low level maybe predict AF occurrence in asymptomatic patients with heart disease,and the decreasing within the normal range in AF patients maybe predict AF termination.


It is widely known that bubble domains can exist when the bias field is between the elliptic instability (runout) field H e and the bubble collapse field H bc . Values for H e and H bc were calculated by Thiele. It is not widely recognized that long stripe domains can also exist in the bottom 20% of this range. Stripes are stable up to the "stripe contraction" field, H sc , which is about 0.02 M/μ 0 above H e for thickness over intrinsic length, h/l , values from 4 to 10. (H bc is about 0.10 M/μ 0 above H e .) Values for H sc were calculated by Kooy and Enz of Philips Research Labs. in 1960, although the importance of their result to bubble-domain devices was not apparent at the time. The velocity of the domain tip during stripout and contraction such as occurs during domain detection or transfer is important for calculating maximum circuit speeds. This is given by V = cG (H-H_{sc}) , where H is the field (bias field plus local field from currents or Permalloy elements), G is the wall mobility, and c is a constant approximately equal to 0.5.


Background: We explored the cost-effective usefulness of oral iron absorption test (OIAT) to predict gastrointestinal lesions associated with iron malabsorption in premenopausal iron deficient women. Materials and Methods: 238 premenopausal women referred to the haematology for evaluation of Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) were prospectively recruited by consecutive sampling. Patients with an identifiable cause of iron deficiency were not enrolled in the study. If any patient with abnormal OIAT was further investigated with IgA anti-TTG, IgG H pylori and IgG anti G-PCA antibody levels and 36 of those patients with abnormal OIAT also had gastrointestinal endoscopy and biopsy. Results: Among the 238 study population 85 patients had an abnormal test. A high prevalence of celiac disease (7.5%), H pylori positivity (62%) and autoimmune gastritis (9.4%) was found among iron deficient women who had an abnormal OIAT. No significant difference was found in the occurrence of these gastrointestinal conditions with respect to menstrual flow. All patients who had a normal OIAT had a successful response to therapeutic iron supplementation. The OIAT based approach is 17-fold more economical compared to blanket approach which include serological tests and endoscopy and biopsy in all patients. Conclusion: OIAT is a useful simple inexpensive test which helps to target the appropriate patients for invasive and expensive tests for the evaluation of unexplained iron deficiency anemia. Iron Deficiency Anemia; G-PCA: Tissue Transglutaminase, Gastric Parietal Cell Antibody; DALYs: Disability-Adjusted Life-Years; GI: Gastrointestinal; H pylori : Helicobacter Pylori; CRP: C-Reactive Protein; ESR: Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate; MVC: Mean Corpuscular Volume; Hb: Hemoglobin; FBC: Full Blood Counts; EDTA: Ethylene Di-amine Tetra-acetic Acid; ELISA: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay pathology including hematochezia, recent change in bowel habits, diarrhea, constipation and lower abdominal pain that was colicky or relieved by defaecation; positive faecal occult blood test; known coeliac disease; severe nutritional problems including anorexia nervosa; inflammatory bowel disease; parasitic infestation; known bleeding diatheses.


Potassium chloride (KCl) preplant or foliar applied with fungicides to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] may allow farmers to increase yields when soil K availability is reduced and/or when Septoria brown spot (SBS) (Septoria glycines), frogeye leaf spot (FLS) (Cercospora sojina), or sudden death syndrome (SDS) (Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. f. sp.glycines) are present. Interactions between fertilizer and fungicide management programs have not been examined in the central United States. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of preplant- and foliar-applied KCl alone or combined with pyraclostrobin, azoxystrobin, or azoxystrobin plus lambda-cyhalothrin on soybean response and severity of SBS, FLS, and SDS. Experiments were conducted in northeastern (Novelty) and southeastern (Qulin) Missouri in 2006 and 2007 on soils with low to medium K. Leaf K concentrations increased 1.4 to 6.1 g kg -1 following preplant KCI compared to nontreated or foliar KCl. Leaf Cl concentrations increased significantly with preplant KCl at Qulin and foliar KCI at R4 at Qulin and Novelty. At Novelty, preplant KCI reduced the severity of SBS and FLS up to 6%, and increased yield 340 kg ha -1 , while foliar KCl increased yield 110 kg ha -1 An R4 application of strobilurin fungicides increased yields 230 to 360 kg ha -1 at Novelty. At Qulin, soybean yield increased 390 kg ha -1 with preplant KCI, while there were variable effects of fungicides on the severity of SBS, FLS, or SDS, and no yield increase due to fungicides or foliar KCl. Foliar applications ofKCl were no substitute for preplant KCl.


The corrosion of reinforcing bar is the chief factor that affects the durability of reinforced concrete structure.The corrosion of reinforcing bar can weaken its strength and ductility,and then cause structural bearing capacity to reduce.By the research on a group of corrosion reinforcing bars,the influence of the mechanical property of corrosion reinforcing bars was formed by the combining action of three kind factors.The dependency relation of the property index and corrosion level of reinforcing bars was summarized.The conclusion that the property of reinforcing bars should be reduced when the weight loss rate is more than ten percent was suggested.The relations of the weight loss rate and the average and maximum corrosion depth was established,which can offer a basis for evaluate the corrosion level of reinforcing bar and the analysis of the structural durability.


This paper deals with Nd-doped ceria solid solutions: Ce1-xNdxO2-d with "x" ranging from 0 to 0.25. Six different powders were synthesized by applying the method based on selfpropagating room temperature reaction (SPRT) between metallic nitrates and sodium hydroxide. The method is known to assure very precise stoichiometry of the final product in comparison with a tailored composition. Rietveld refinement was employed to get structural information on the synthesized powder. An increase of Nd ion concentration increases the unit cell parameters and average bond distances. We have shown that all obtained powders were solid solutions with a fluorite-type crystal structure and all powder particles were of nanometric size (about 3 nm).


Education is the most powerful weapon for a person's life which will never be stolen throughout the journey of one's own life. Being educated will never be perishable as it is a lifetime validity given for one's persona career. As a consequence, it is obvious that education plays a vital role. In the process of being educated, higher education took a prominent place as it is one of the life indicators. A serious and a growing problem was identified in the higher education where geographical barriers, venue, time hinders the higher education with the passage of time. As a solution to all these problems, current educational trends have influenced the higher education to enhance learning process more technologically.
This review intended to carry out a detailed analysis on Learning Management Systems and find out the untouched areas or else the points that won't talked about and still not yet developed up to a good level. The review is conducted with the objective of investigating the success of LMS, features of existing LMS, how the educational institutions make use of new technology and what are the areas that need further attention in future or in other words what are the features that should be developed further with the aim of looking more advancement. Identifying the available spaces for further enhancement or the development is the main aim of this review paper and this study investigates more about Learning Management System in advance


Indian court always efficaciously established the importance of protecting the suffering of women from economic abuse, inspite of that still the term economic abuse causing rigmarole in the society. In this article we did a perusal of certain ongoing confusion based on Economic abuse. We've elucidated this concept with respect to the provision of Domestic violence under the Hindu Marriage. Economic abuse isn't a propriety behaviour but still many women are suffering by the same. Grant of maintenance to wife has been perceived as a measure of social justice by the Indian Court. Many enunciation of law concluded that once husband is an able bodied person he cannot simply deny his legal obligation to maintain his wife. We'll also discuss the concept within the ambit of Judgements given by various Indian Courts. Statistics of various data collected in this research will help you to analyze the importance of delineating and abolish this Practice.


Background and objective: The present work reviews the nutritional options during the first year of life that may affect the development of atopic diseases. The main preventive measures are introduced and their role in allergy prevention is evaluated. Method: Based on previously defined criteria, a total of 18 prospective studies on primary alimentary prevention is included in the review. Their results are summarized and discussed. Results: Apart from partially controversial results, current data supports the protective effect of breastfeeding for at least 4 months. If breastfeeding is insufficient, the use of hydrolyzed formula is recommended. For both measures, preventive effects can particularly be obtained in case of atopic eczema, wheezing, and asthma in early childhood. Apart from that, there is no evidence for any beneficial effect of delayed introduction of solid food after the sixth month of age. Complementary food should be introduced one at a time to detect reactions to specific food components. Discussion: The controversial data results from serious methodological differences. Thus, a direct comparison of the studies results seems not feasible. Even though there is strong evidence that allergy prevention can benefit from exclusive breastfeeding and the use of hydrolyzed formula, the optimal timing for the introduction of complementary foods yet has to be studied in a comprehensive manner. On the basis of available data, detailed recommendations for infant feeding after the sixth month of age cannot be formulated. Moreover, the deficiency of risk cohorts and the fact that available data are almost exclusively from observational studies restrict the studies validity concerning the allergy prevention in children with a genetic predisposition for atopic diseases. Conclusion: Further research on primary alimentary prevention of atopic diseases in children at risk needs to be conducted.


) were germinated at 20° C in the darkand in the presence of NaCl (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 g/l) during 14 days. The resultsobtained showed that germination is possible until the highest concentration of salt (16 g/l) butgermination and speed of germination decrease according to the concentration, so the accessionL


. The authors study the contraction of a convex immersed plane curve with speed 1 α k α , where α ∈ (0 , 1] is a constant, and show that, if the blow-up rate of the curvature is of type one, it will converge to a homothetic self-similar solution . They also discuss a special symmetric case of type two blow-up and show that it converges to a translational self-similar solution . In the case of curve shortening flow (i.e., when α = 1), this translational self-similar solution is the familiar " Grim Reaper " (a terminology due to M. Grayson).


Parasitic disease is a public health problem in tropical areas. Eating and drinking contaminated food and water is the main reason of infection. Samut Songkhram is a small province in central Thailand, which has become famous because of its local market, Romhoob, a popular tourist destination. The purpose of this study was to detect parasitic contamination of 10 types of raw vegetables: lettuce, Chinese cabbage, parsley, scallion, mint, Chinese leek, celery, collard, cabbage, and canton. Detection of parasitic contamination in this study used a sedimentation technique. Samples were taken from eight stores from September–October 2016. The number of eggs was counted and the results were expressed as a percentage. We found four species of parasite eggs contaminated with Ascaris spp., Enterobius vermicularis, Fasciola spp., and hookworm in eight types of vegetables: lettuce, Chinese cabbage, parsley, scallion, mints, Chinese leek, celery, and collard. The results show that there is a risk of parasitic infection when consuming raw vegetables and consumers should be careful when selecting and eating raw vegetables.


Collecting massive seismic signals is a high-priority task in seismic risk evaluation, especially in densely populated areas, with cases of strong magnitude earthquake occurrence. At the same time, with the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm, distributed and real-time environmental monitoring, supported by device interoperability, enhances the ability to collect data and make decisions especially in critical domains such as the seismic one. A crucial role is played by Semantic Web technologies that, in IoT ecosystems, promote syntactic and semantic interoperability, by enhancing the data quality that becomes ontology-annotated. This article introduces an IoT-oriented framework to collect seismic data, process and store them into a knowledge base. An ontology called Volcano Event Ontology (VEO) modeled for the seismic domain aims at gathering seismic signals collected by sensors for seismic event detection. The ontology is built on the well-known SSN/SOSA ontology, modeled to describe the systems of sensors, actuators, and observations. Seismic data have been collected by monitoring networks at Mt. Vesuvius (Naples, Italy) and Colima volcano (Mexico) and consolidated in the ontology. Moreover, the seismic data are also processed by a classification module to detect different seismic events (Volcano-Tectonic and long-period earthquakes, underwater explosions, and quarry blasts) and then stored in the knowledge base. Prompt detection and classification are, indeed, relevant to track any variation in the volcano dynamics, becoming crucial in cases of explosive crises. Finally, the VEO-driven knowledge base can be queried to get time-based seismic data and detected events, by queries.


PRECISE ALIGNMENT OF MAGNETS IN THE TRISTAN RING A. Kabe, K. Egawa, Takayama and Endo National Laboratory for High Energy Physics Oho-machi, Tsukuba-gun, Ibaraki-ken, 305, Japan The magnets of a synchrotron ring require high positional accuracy to reduce a closed orbit distor- tion. To obtain the satisfactory results, magnets were installed at the fairly accurate places first according to an elaborate survey before the installa- tion and aligned accurately according to the results of the precise survey. The misalignment of magnets de- creased gradual.ly with the repeated cycles of sur- vey and re-alignment procedures. The installation of the magnets in TRISTAN main ring began August, 1984 and the precise alignment finished at begin- ning of October, 1986. Introduction The TRISTAN main ring is a electron-positron col- liding synchrotron having the circumference of 3 km. Its construction was divided into two periods. The main ring tunnel is composed of four sections - that is, west 1 north, east and south tunnels - and four ex- perimental halls where the electron-positron collisions take place are placed between two sections. Initially, a part of west and south tunnels, one fourth the circumference altogether, was completed in July of 1984 and then the installation program started leaving both ends of the partially completed tunnel open. The next installation in the rest of tunnel was delayed after the completion of whole tunnel which was due in May of the following year. Prior to the installation coordinates of magnets were marked by the geographical survey with an accuracy of i 1 mm. The tunnel. floor is 11 m under- ground. As it was constructed excavating the ground deeply, several standard points of survey were marked on the floor while it could be looked down from the surface. They were used to determine the positions of all bending and quadrupole magnets after the completion of the tunnel. The markings of the projected coordinates entrance and exit centers of the magnet aperture allow- ed easy placement. Magnets were hoisted down into the tunnel at the installation halls and carried by special carriages to their places. The rate of instal- lation was 10 bending magnets or 20 quadrupole a day. The TRISTAN main ring consists of 272 bending, 392 quadrupole, 240 sextupole and 256 steering magnets [ll. The bending and quadrupole magnets were installed fol- lowing the completion of tunnel, whereas other magnets after the insertion of vacuum chamber. After finishing the installation of all magnets, the precise survey of magnet positions was done for the final alignment. Aligning the quadrupole magnets at first by an astral survey method, the bending and correction magnets were placed relative to the quadru- poles. Initial alignment The magnet alignment was done in two steps - the first stage alignment at the installation and precise alignment at the second step. As soon as tunnel was delivered, the magnet positions were surveyed, which were points marked on the tunnel floor showing thr azimuthal quasi-centers of the bending and quadru- pole magnets. The former gives the crossing point of the beam inlet and outlet lines projected on floor. Thereior the quadrupole center is on the line connect- ing the nearest neighbor centers of the bending mag- nets. Tllese centers were surveyed by the similar meth- od to the precise survey to determine the initial coor- dinates with an accuracy i 1 mm. To make sure an accuracy the high precision surveying instruments were adopted, such as one-second reading theodolite, Wild T2, for an angle measurement, laser interfero- meter, HP 5526A, for distance measurement and electro-optical distance meter, Kern mekometer ME3000. For the distance measurement at curved sec- tion, laser interferometer was used. It was mount- on the long straight rail which was used as pre- cision guide of retroreflector (cube corner). The position of rail was adjusted to be parallel line connecting two points and then the distance was measured moving the cube corner from one point to an- other. The tilt of the cube corner was also corrected at both points to avoid the tilting error. As this method needed the skill in the measurement, therefore the additional measurement using calibrated steel or invar tape was required to refine the data. The makometer was used to measure the distance at the four experimental insertions, each being 200 m, 112 quadrupoles were installed in all. It af- fords the means of the very accurate long sur- vey and was especially useful at the places where floor level was different. In the measurements, optical reflector was centered accurately on a tripod using a zenith and nadir plummet, Wild ZNL the translation stages, Wild GMT5. The centering accuracy is + 0.03 mm and the inherent accuracy mekometer is _+ (0.2 mm + l.E-6 x D), where D distance in mm. An offset, which is defined as the distance from the straight line stretched between next nearest neighbor marks, measured with the theodolite. At the curved section, the marks bending magnets were used as survey points and angles between two straight lines stretched from one point to the nearest neighbor and the next points were measured with T2. The offset was calculated using both the angle and distance obtained above. At the straight section, however, the offset was measured directly with optical micrometer attached to theodolite, Kern DKM3. survey was also divided into two periods due to the construction schedule of tunnel. At first one fourth of the circumference was surveyed and surveyed data were analyzed assuming the rest marks were on the correct points. The marks displaced more than I mm were corrected. After correcting these marks, supplemental survey were followed. These data were used together with the surveyed of rest ring obtained in following years for the complete analysis coordinates marks. It was impossible to correct the marks of previous year, because they were under the magnets. So the high precision measurement was essential even at this stage. The positional error of the marks was estimated as 1 mm from the accuracy of measurements. The positions, where the magnets were settled, were deter- mined from the marks with an accuracy of + 1 mm. Thus, the overall error of installation was esti- mated as + 2 mm. Fig. I shows the displacements of marks which was left uncorrected. Misalignments at this stage corrected at the next stage. Fig. 2 is the photo of magnets in main ring tunnel. Precise alignment All magnets were separated at medi- an plane, that is devided into two pieces, and lowered by 50 mm for the insertion of vacuum chamber. For this purpose the special jack was devised to lower and fJ1'7X7.9'87 0000-164x $1.00 %" IEEl: 1646


CCTIILYSPWXT LUSC" is a vaguely defined syndrome of pulmonary insufficiency that occurs after renal allotmnsplantation. "Transplantation pneumonia" was originally described by Rifkind in 1964," hut subsequcnt reports adopted the tcrm "transplant lung" since it did not necessarily suggest :an infections etiology.'"'" Episodes of tmnsplant lung frequently follow a rejection crisis or a reduction in the dosage of prednisone.!' The clinical picture is characterized by fever,',"J1.lH pulmonary infiltrates,'."ll.1:I.1" and arterial hyp~xcmin.'.*.".~" A variety of infecting agents and pathologic changes have been found a t post-mortem We have recently reviewed the clinical patterns of pulmonary complications sccn after renal transplantation \vhich might have been previously ch;lr;ictcrized as "transplant lung": ( a ) pulmonary edema, ( b ) interstitial viral pneumonia, ( c ) bacterial pneumonia, ( d ) fungal pneumonia, ( e ) pneumocystis carinii, and ( f ) pulmonary embolus.'" The present report documents the clinical p ~ t t c m and predisposing causes of interstitial pulmonary edrma in 13 patients after renal transplantation. Six of these 13 pntients had clinical courses consistent with those described by most investigators as ern us plant lung." Since pulmonary edema is rasily controlled in these


Once again the world of condensed matter has been surprised by the discovery of yet another class of high-temperature superconductors. The first reactions would of course be that these iron-pnictide– and iron-chalcogenide–based materials must in some way be related to the copper-oxide–based superconductors for which a large number of theories exist although a general consensus regarding the correct theory has not yet been reached. Here, we point out that the basic physical paradigm of the new iron-based superconductors is entirely different from the cuprates. Their fundamental properties, structural and electronic, are dominated by the exceptionally large pnictide electronic polarizabilities.


We propose a new countermeasure to protect sand beds from erosion, called mattress-curtain sets. Physical model tests in a rectangular flume with suspended sediments were carried out to investigate stability of the sandbed around a mattress-curtain set, and the working mechanism of a mattress-curtain set is discussed. Moreover, based on the experimental results and simulations with software FLUENT, the interactions between sand beds and near bed flow were investigated when a mattress-curtain set was installed on the sand beds. The results show that the stability of sand beds is closely controlled by the seepage under the fabricated mattress, and is affected by liquefaction, excess pore pressure buildups in the sand beds when subjected to changing flow or wave current.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


This paper discusses practical and cost-effective ways of evaluating the performance of active antenna array systems (AAS) using the two-stage MIMO OTA measurement method. The paper first introduces the concept of the two-stage method which is based on a first stage of antenna pattern measurement followed by a second stage of throughput measurement using a signal generated by convolving the device antenna pattern with the desired spatial channel model. The resulting signal is applied to the DUT either through a conducted or radiated connection. The radiated version of the two-stage method was recently approved by 3GPP in Technical Report 37.977 v12.0.0 [1]. The primary advantage of the two-stage method is that arbitrary 2D or 3D spatial channel models can be emulated without the need for the conventional multi-probe anechoic chamber approach which is significantly more complex and expensive. The extension of the two-stage method to active antenna systems is possible due to the unique ability of the two-stage method to provide intermediate antenna pattern measurements as part of the process. By measurement of a finite set of possible antenna pattern states the performance of the device for any orientation in the chosen spatial channel model can be evaluated for each antenna state and the optimum performance identified. The antenna state which is shown to provide the best performance can then be compared with the state chosen by the device when a known channel is applied through any particular state. To allow active antenna analysis to work, a proprietary feedback mechanism between the device and the test system is necessary to indicate the device's chosen antenna pattern to the test system. The described concepts apply to both mobile devices and base stations, and are particularly suited to the latter due to the size of the device which makes evaluation in a 2D or 3D anechoic chamber impractical.


Abstract Objectives: to analyze the temporal trend and spatial distribution of infant mortality in Pernambuco from 2001 to 2019. Methods: an ecological study involving all deaths in children under one year of age living in the state. Data were collected from the Mortality Information System and the Live Birth Information System. Four mortality rates were calculated and the temporal analysis was performed by applying the regression model by inflection points of the rates at different spatial levels. Results: 47,949 deaths were recorded, of which 51.0% (n=24,447) occurred in the first six days of life. A statistically significant downward trend was observed in all the rates analyzed (-4.5%/year in overall mortality, -3.6%/year in early neonatal mortality, -1.9%/year in the late neonatal component, and -6.3%/year in the post-neonatal component). Additionally, 64.3% of the municipalities (n=119) showed a declining trend in the overall infant mortality rate. Less than 50% of the municipalities showed a downward trend in early neonatal and late neonatal mortality (41.08%; n=76 and 43.2%; n=80, respectively). In post-neonatal mortality, 57.3% (n=106) showed decreasing trends. Conclusions: there was a temporal trend of decline in overall infant mortality, although there is an important portion of municipalities with a stationary trend, justifying the need to reduce social inequalities and geographical asymmetries.


Abstract: This paper proposes an application of some particular theories, known as the 'polysystem' theories of translation, to the study of film adaptation. A preliminary and experimental analysis of a series of film adaptations made in the American film noir of the 1940s and 1950s shows that this approach provides the basis for a systematic and coherent method with theoretical foundations, and that it permits the study of aspects of film adaptation which have been neglected or ignored so far.Resume: L'article propose une application de quelques theories de la traduction specifiques dites 'polysystemiques' a Vetude de Vadaptation filmique. Une analyse preliminaire et experimentale d'un corpus d'adaptations filmiques realisees dans le film noir americain des annees '40 et '50 permet de constater qu'une ap-proche polysystemique du phenomene de V adaptation filmique fournit les bases d'une methode systematique, coherente et theoriquement fondee, et qu'elle permet d'elargir le champ d'etude et d'examiner des aspects de l'adaptation filmique negliges ou ignores jusqu'ici.


The invention relates to the detection of the binding of analyte molecules, such as biopolymer molecules to immobilized capture substance molecules. The invention is to use semiconductor plates (chips) with electrical circuits in close proximity to the surface occupation of scavenger molecules and to charge the bonds of the analyte molecules to the scavenger molecules by mitgebundene electrically conductive nanoparticles so that the nanoparticles by changes in the electrical environment capacity or by can influence the production of electrochemical voltages to the electrical circuits and thus the bonds of the analyte molecules are electronically detectable.


Managing conflict in Dempster–Shafer theory is a popular topic. In this article, we propose a novel weighted evidence combination rule based on improved entropy function. This newly proposed approach can be mainly divided into two steps. First, the initial weight will be determined on the basis of the distance of evidence. Then, this initial weight will be modified using improved entropy function. This new method converges faster when handling high conflicting evidences and greatly reduces uncertainty of decisions, which can be demonstrated by a numerical example where the belief degree is raised up to 0.9939 when five evidences are in conflict, an application in faulty diagnosis where belief degree is increased hugely from 0.8899 to 0.9416 when compared with our previous works, and a real-life medical diagnosis application where the uncertainty of decision is reduced to nearly 0 and the belief degree is raised up to 0.9989.


This letter deals with the joint design of transmit waveform and receive filter bank for airborne multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar under the target uncertainties. Assuming that the spatial angle and the Doppler frequency of the target are unknown, we formulate the maximin joint design problem by maximizing the worst-case signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) under the energy constraint, flexible modulus constraint, and similarity constraint on the transmit waveform. To tackle this problem, we develop a computationally efficient algorithm based on iterative feasible point pursuit successive convex approximation (FPP-SCA). Numerical results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed algorithm.


Assessment in Singapore: Perspectives for classroom practice, edited by Poh-Guan Toh and SeeCheng Leong, comprises 26 short chapters on topics in educational assessment written to commemorate the 10th anniversary of the establishment of the Singapore Examinations and Assessment Board (SEAB). The first published collection of essays by SEAB, this book draws together expertise and skills from within the Board. It not only presents SEAB's recent research and empirical findings, but also provides an authoritative account of SEAB's views on key assessment concepts and how these concepts can be translated into practice. This volume is aimed primarily at practitioners teaching at the primary, secondary and junior college levels in Singapore. It is unlikely that teachers will read this book from cover to cover; most will browse through before perusing chapters that address their concerns. In other words, the book serves fundamentally as a reference handbook for teachers 'to pick up some pointers and general principles that can help them in their work as assessors in schools' (p. iii). It is therefore not written in the format of scholarly research work, which could render it cumbersome to read and thus limit the accessibility of its contents. It, however, may also be of interest to researchers with an academic interest in the Singapore education and assessment system. While I recognise that the book is targeted at teachers in Singapore, further improvements could have been made to increase its relevance to researchers, thereby broadening the readership of this book. The Preface states that the chapters are organised broadly around three themes: assessment concerns in Singapore schools; best practices in assessment and the development of assessment in Singapore. The chapters, however, appear to be largely focused on the first two themes. Several contributions touch upon the evolution of assessment in Singapore but only one examines the developments per se (Chapter 26, 'How to better align classroom assessments to changes to the English language functional writing tasks at primary level'). As the book title suggests, classroom practice takes a prominent position within and among chapters in this collection, although some chapters are centred solely on theoretical discussions. It is interesting to note that chapters are not categorised in line with the two main themes as might be a more natural order for readers and would have lent greater clarity to the central messages. The significance of the book is twofold. First, it demonstrates SEAB's sustained effort to improve teachers' assessment literacy. The distilled knowledge and experiences of SEAB's specialists and lecturers are now made readily available through this publication. Second, the book is a welcome addition to the educational assessment literature, given the lack of major works in this field written from a Singapore perspective. Being the sole developer of national examinations for the Singapore Ministry of Education, SEAB plays an integral role in stimulating debate and shaping thinking on assessment issues; yet many of the operations that take place behind the scenes at SEAB remain fairly obscure. The appearance of this book could be said to mark the start of a genuine and constructive dialogue between SEAB and its stakeholders, including researchers, teachers, parents, users of its examinations and the general public. My review is framed in the context of the two main themes, namely (1) assessment concerns and (2) best practices. The former encompasses theories and rationales behind assessment practice (the whats and whys); while the latter concerns implementation advice for teachers (the hows and whens). Assessment in educAtion: PrinciPles, Policy & PrActice


This article focuses on the poetry composed by Fernando Correia Pina and J. J. Sobral/Antonio Galrinho, two contemporary portuguese poets whose writings, contradicting the conservative assumption that considers licentious poetry a minor genre, present formal and aesthetical qualities and offer a critical approach to cultural values, thus constituting a valuable object of analysis.


To clarify the relationship between the amount of anti blast substances, momilactones, in rice leaves and the degree of horizontal resistance to rice blast disease, the quantitative estimation of these substances in leaves of several cultivars which are different in their resistance was conducted by GLC. The authentic momilactone A showed Rt 26.8min and momilactone B-TMS showed Rt 21.1min on OV-17 at 213C and N2 flow rate 45ml/min. While, momilactone A showed Rt 16.4min and momilactone B-TMS showed Rt 22.1min on OV-101 at 188C and N2 45ml/min. These results were quite different from the data of the original report of Cartwright et al. The peaks of momilactones A and B-TMS were analyzed by GC-MS and identified. No momilactones were detected in the extracts from the healthy and blast-infected rice leaves of several cultivars. Although eight-times higher concentration compared with that of the original report was subjected to GLC, momilactones could not detect. These results indicate that the amount of momilactones in infected leaves may be quite lower than the amount reported originally.


The design of a printed slot antenna with broad circular polarization (CP) bandwidth is presented. The proposed antenna is excited by an L-shaped strip with a taper end, connected in series to a microstrip-line-fed located along the diagonal line of the square-slot. Genetic local search (GLS) algorithm is initially used to determine the dimensions of the proposed antenna with optimum impedance matching and CP bandwidth, follow by employing the commercial software IE3D to simulate the performances of the proposed antenna. The measured results demonstrated a wide 10dB impedance bandwidth of 48% and a broad CP bandwidth of 42%, which in comparison is larger than those of antennas found in the literature.


Objective To investigate the difference of immunologic reaction between with and without basement membrane xenogeneic acellular dermal matrix(Xeno-ADM) grafting.Methods The Sprague-Dawley rat was used as a model for subcutaneous implantation over a 32 week period.Experiment is divided into four groups:1.Xeno-ADM group with integrity of the basement membrane;2.Xeno-ADM group with removing of the basement membrane;3.Autologous group;4. The control group.Histological dynamic changes of ADM were observed 2-32 weeks after grafted.The levels of expression of IgG,TNFα,IL-6,IFNγin serum were detected by Elisa and qRT-PCR.Results The highest expression level of TNFα, IFNγand IL-6 in serum was observed when Xeno-ADM transplanted at 8 weeks. However the highest expression level of IgG at 2 weeks.But the level in the basement membrane group was higher than that in the other two groups before 16 weeks. All the levels tend to be stable and close to normal after 16 weeks.Conclusion The removed basement membrane Xeno- ADM has more advantage over the retained integrity basement membrane when transplanted at early stage (16 weeks).Tbe basement membrane is one of factors to promote immune response of Xeno-ADM transplanted at early stage.


Modern magnesium alloys containing rare earth (RE) elements from the Mg-Y-RE-Zr and Mg-Al-RE systems are characterized by low density and good mechanical properties. Therefore, these alloys are used in the automotive and aerospace industries. However, magnesium alloys offer insufficient corrosion resistance in environments containing electrolyte solutions. Hydrogen is themain corrosive factor appearing during chemical reactions between magnesium and water in anelectrolyte solution. The results showed that when samples were immersed in 0.1M sodium sulfate solution, some cracks were observed inside the Al11RE3 and Al8CeMn4 intermetallic phases. Phase identification was performed by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis. The microstructure of the alloys before and after corrosion was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).


Cluster policy is an important component in the innovative development of certain regions and States. Improving the efficiency of production and achieving economic growth through cluster components is the main goal of the cluster policy implementation. In the article the results of the implementation of cluster policy in Russia. Given the international experience of realization of cluster policy. Given the international experience of implementation of cluster policy. Also examines the problems and prospects of development of territorial clusters. Selected economically important for the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania clusters: energy, tourism and agribusiness. The implementation of which will enable the economic growth of North Ossetia-Alania, will improve the quality of life of the population will create a tremendous number of jobs and reduce social tensions.


Objective: The identification of the most common aeroallergens causing allergic rhinitis (AR) in a specific geographic area is important in the diagnosis and treatment of AR. This study evaluates the prevalence of sensitivity to aeroallergens among patients with AR who live in Kocaeli province, Turkey.
Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study included a retrospective review of skin prick test (SPT) results from patients with suspected AR who were examined at a tertiary hospital rhinology clinic.
Results: The SPT results of 85 patients with an AR diagnosis were included in this study. House dust mites (HDM) had the highest frequency of positive test responses (57.6%), followed by tree pollen (40.0%), grass pollen (36.5%), weed pollen (32.9%), cockroach (18.8%), animal dander (14.1%), and mold (11.8%). The majority of the AR patients were polysensitized (57.6%), and the most common allergens in polysensitized patients were tree pollen (61.2%), grass pollen (57.1%), and HDM (55.1%), respectively. The strongest single allergen in monosensitized subjects was HDM, with a rate of 61.1%.
Conclusion: The most prevalent allergen was HDM among AR patients in the Kocaeli region, followed by tree pollen and grass pollen. Polisensitization occurs more frequently than monosensitization. These allergens should be prioritized in the diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis in Kocaeli region patients.


: Hajj contain pilgrims from 185 countries including the resident of Saudi Arabia, the total population of the pilgrims approximately 2 million. The pilgrim population is extremely diverse regarding the ethnic origin, socioeconomic status, sex, age, and health status, travel to holy site to accomplish same activities within comparatively short period over limited area of land. Archaeologically hajj has experienced high morbidity and mortality due to pre-existing comorbidities, outbreaks, accidents, and disasters. This study should be considered with its limitations. The sample was biased since the participants were attending PHCCs. Also, the data was collected from PHCCs; thus, it is likely that individuals with severe conditions were not included. A random sample would have been more representative of the population. Also, there was no information about referrals to tertiary hospitals or mortality-related information. However, the study design made it possible to obtain information about the chief complaints among pilgrims attending PHCCs.In conclusion, the most common chief complaint was respiratory-related illness followed by trauma/injury-, musculoskeletal/pain- and gastrointestinal system-related illnesses. Our data showed that the peak of the visiting PHCC occurred in day 9.


We present new accurate near-infrared (NIR) spheroid (bulge) structural parameters obtained by a two-dimensional image analysis of all galaxies with a direct black hole (BH) mass determination. As expected, NIR bulge luminosities Lbul and BH masses are tightly correlated, and if we consider only those galaxies with a secure BH mass measurement and an accurate Lbul (27 objects), the spread of MBH-Lbul is similar to MBH-σe, where σe is the effective stellar velocity dispersion. We find an intrinsic rms scatter of ≃0.3 dex in log MBH. By combining the bulge effective radii Re measured in our analysis with σe, we find a tight linear correlation (rms ≃ 0.25 dex) between MBH and the virial bulge mass (∝Reσ), with ⟨MBH/Mbul⟩ ~ 0.002. A partial correlation analysis shows that MBH depends on both σe and Re and that both variables are necessary to drive the correlations between MBH and other bulge properties.


Herein, we demonstrated the S2− anion incorporated into BiVO4 for converting an oxidative-type BiVO4 photocatalyst into a reductive-type BiV(S,O)4-x sulfo-oxide photocatalyst for efficient N2 fixation under an ambient environment. The...


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EPA's Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation provided a grant through the National Network for Environmental Management Studies to research in situ bioremediation in DNAPL source areas. This report was prepared by an undergraduate student from Tufts University during the summer of 2005. The report is available on the Internet at www.cluin.org/studentpapers/. The objective of this report is to provide an overview of in situ bioremediation of DNAPL source areas. This report discusses the integral steps when implementing bioremediation, such as site characterization, design considerations, and post-treatment monitoring. In addition, this report also examines the use of bioremediation as a polishing treatment for the source zone. Case studies are included as examples of the use of bioremediation as a stand-alone and a polishing treatment for DNAPL source areas. Acknowledgment The author gratefully acknowledges the support received from the EPA's Technology Information and Field Services Division (TIFSD), and particularly from the Technology Assessment Branch (TAB), while working on this report. Linda Fiedler deserves particular thanks for providing invaluable assistance and direction. The author would also like to acknowledge the resources and guidance given by Dr. Andrew Ramsburg, Dr. Kent Sorenson, and Dave Major. In Situ Bioremediation of DNAPL Source Zones


1555. ANDERS, T. F., WEINSTEIN, P. (1972) 'Sleep and its disorders in infants and children: a review.' Pediatrics, 50, 312-324. 1556. ANNETT, M. (1973) 'Laterality of childhood hemiplegia and the growth of speech and intelligence. Cortex, 9, 4-33. 1557. BARSON, A. J. (1972) 'Craniospinal dysraphia in the chick embryo produced by tissuespecific antibodies.' Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, Suppl. 27, 17-24. 1558. BAUER, G. (1973) 'Catamnestic studies with 3/sec spike and wave carriers.' (German.) Fortschritte fur NeuroIogie und Psychiatrie, 41, 177-224. 1559. BIRD, M. T., RATCHESON, R. A., SEIGEL, B. A., FISHMAN, M. A. (1973) 'The evaluation of arrested communicating hydrocephalus utilizing cerebrospinal fluid dynamics : a preliminary report.' Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 15, 474-482. 1560. CALLAWAY, E., HALLIDAY, R. A. (1973) 'Evoked potential variability: effects of age, amplitude and methods of measurement.' Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 34, 125-133. 1561. CLAVERIE, P. ALEXANDRE, F. NICHIL, J., BONNET, C., CAHUZAC, M. (1973) 'Tonic reflexes in the infant.' (French.) Pkdiatrie, 28, 661-679. 1562. COOPER, I. S., AMIN, I., CHANDRA, I. WALTZ, J. M. (1973) 'A surgical investigation of the clinical physiology of the LP-pulvinar complex in man.' Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 18, 89-1 10. 1563. COURSIN, D. (1972) 'Nutrition and brain development in infants.' Merrill-Palmer Quarterly,


An investigation has been made into the dosage distribution resulting from the irradiation of the breast by two tangential fields not filled with bolus, and graphs have been drawn which enable the mean surface dose over the breast or chest wall to be predicted with an accuracy of about 3 per cent. The method can be applied to all cases, both preand post-operative. Details are also given of the possible variation of skin dose about this mean value and of the dose distribution to be expected within the breast. This system of dosage estimation necessitates two measurements of the patient being made, and a simple instrument is described which enables this to be done easily and quickly.


Most of the suicides and suicide attempts are result of depressive disorders. Due to a pandemic increase of such disorders, most suicides and suicide attempts are committed by depressive persons, reliable biomarkers of the suicide risk are needed. Measurement of elements concentration in specific biological samples gives us an insight into metabolic dynamic change in normal and pathological processes. Metabolic status of bioelements as well as hormones and amino acids levels could be the biomarkers of suicidal behavior.The aim of research was to analyze concentracions of electrolytes and trace elements, plasma amino acids and vasopressin in depressed hospitalized suicide attempters (n=38) and to correlate the results with those in control subjects (n=47). The main hypothesis of this research was that there is a significant difference in above mentioned parameters between suicide attempters with major depression disorder and healthy control subjects. Significantly higher concentration of sodium (Na) has not been observed in suicide attempter group. Suicide risk increases with decreased or average concentration of iodine (I) and lithium (Li), increased or average concentration of barium (Ba) as well as the age > 43.5 years. We determined significantly decreased concentration of asparagine in suicide attempters. Negative correlation between arginine vasopressin and suicidal behaviour was found (p<0,001). This study could be the basis for potential development of neuro-specific biomarkers in personalized medicine.


RONI LUHTALA: Adaptive Control of Grid-Connected Inverters Tampere University of Technology Master of Science Thesis, 69 pages May 2017 Master's Degree Programme in Computing and Electrical-Engineering Major: Power Electronics Examiners: Academy Research Fellow Tomi Roinila, Assistant Prof. Tuomas Messo


A guide which contains everything required to develop and implement successful referenda campaigns. This work offers an analysis of capital referenda results since 1987. Chapters include: statistical information on referenda; campaign organization; market research; and campaign strategy.


Histone modifications that are deposited during transcription elongation impact the recruitment and activities of proteins that further restructure the chromatin template. The Paf1 complex (Paf1C) functions at the intersection of transcription elongation and histone modification by associating with RNA pol II and facilitating the modification of histones. We are exploring three aspects of Paf1C function in yeast: the mechanism by which it stimulates histone H2B K123 ubiquitylation, the nature of its physical interaction with RNA pol II, and its involvement in transcription termination. We have recently described a small domain within the Rtf1 subunit of Paf1C that is necessary and sufficient for promoting H2B ubiquitylation. Using a multidisciplinary approach, we are currently investigating how this histone modification domain interacts with chromatin and stimulates histone modification. In a separate study, we have recently identified a domain within Rtf1 that tethers Paf1C to RNA pol II through an interaction with the elongation factor Spt5. This interaction ensures that the diverse functions of Paf1C are properly targeted to active genes. Finally, using high‐resolution tiling array studies, we have demonstrated broad and gene‐specific effects of Paf1C on the termination of snoRNAs, revealing genes that differ in their dependence on Rtf1‐mediated histone modifications. Funded by NIH and CIHR.