In this study, we conducted in optimal conditions proteolytic lean pork ingredients with enzymes to produce meat protein powder products used as food for feeding patients through catheters. In particular we examine and select suitable for enzyme hydrolysis process; survey of conditions favorable for enzymatic hydrolysis is selected. Alcalase enzyme is chosen and favorable hydrolysis conditions are: fluid substrate/water ratio: 1/6; percentage of E/S (enzymes, raw materials) 3.0% (w/w); pH 7.5; temperatures of 55 o C; and the execution time is 180 minutes. The optimization process is done after already know almost exactly the value of the parameters in the process of hydrolysis of above. The result of the optimum process as follows: pH 7.49; temperature of 54.7 o C; E/S rate of 3.54% (w/w) and the duration were 197 minutes. Hydrolysis with optimum conditions the room hydrolysis to achieve the lowest viscosity 2.240 ± 0.092 cP and the degree of hydrolysis (DH) highest 31.390 ± 0.138%. The product of the hydrolysis process will be conducted by electrophoresis to determine the molecular size proteins. Then hydrolysis fluid is also performed under spray drying to reduce moisture content. The final product will be examined as part of the nutrition, amino acid concentrations, as well as biological indicators. The results showed a product of high nutritional content, easy to digest and satisfactory hygienic safety for the user.


FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to field of medicine. In the course of diagnostics quantitative ultrasonometry in cortical layer of tubular bones is carried out. Examination is carried out in critical periods of bone formation, namely at 4, 8, 18 and 24 months. At the age of 4 months reduction of index sound rate lower than 2776 m/s is considered to be impairment of bone formation. At the age of 8 months, reduction of index sound rate lower than 2970 m/s is considered to be impairment of bone formation. At the age of 18 months, reduction of index sound rate lower than 3223 m/s is considered to be impairment of bone formation. At the age of 24 months, reduction of index sound rate lower than 3235 m/s is considered to be impairment of bone formation. EFFECT: method makes it possible to detect presence of development of bone system pathologies in infants and young children due to estimation of bone strength in physiological critical periods of its formation. 7 dwg, 5 ex


In view of the problem of current one end voltage injection type of rotor ground fault protection used in brushless exciting generator,this paper advances changing the terminal lead of generator rotor by brush lifting device and using the principle of two ends voltage injection type to build one-point ground protection.This paper analyzes the principle of two ends voltage injection type rotor ground fault protection and what the emulation experiment based on Matlab/Simulink software manifest is that the scheme can satisfy the needs of preciseness and delicacy for brushless exciting generator.


encouraging local residents and visitors to enjoy the stunning scenery of the 75-mile long Borders section of the Scottish National Trail that runs from Kirk Yetholm to Carlops


A filtering antenna provides not only high skirt selectivity with transmission zeros (TZ) generated at both sides of passband, but also radiation characteristics as an antenna. In the conventional structure, two types of coupling, which are electric coupling and magnetic one, are required to generate a negative coupling for TZs in the folded coupling. Moreover, multiple coupling paths between antenna and resonators are required, leading to a complicated arrangement of resonators. In this paper, we propose a new simple structure of planar fourth-order filtering antenna with TZs. The negative coupling is easily produced by the odd-symmetrical electric-field distribution of a hairpin half-wavelength resonator. The effectiveness of the proposed filtering antenna is proven through design and measurements under specifications of center frequency 2.45 GHz, fractional bandwidth 5%, and two TZs.


This essay thought there exist interactions logically and historically between advanced cultures and literary ideals.Advanced cultures are the common creations by social groups,which have impacts on the literary ideals of artists and composers,hereby bringing about advanced ideals as well as their expressions in literary realism and romanticism.Advanced cultures and ideals are the manifestations of advanced world-view,life-view and value-view.And socialist spiritual civilization embodies literature and arts with new thoughts and connotations of times,and that it develops and expands is the advanced cultures and ideals of the contemporary times.


Granuloma annulare and localized morphoea are both well described in the dermatological literature. We now present two patients with both of these diseases, a comorbidity rarely described. A possible pathogenic relationship is discussed.


Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is known to be a group of metabolic disorders characterized by an elevated glucose level. Plants are the most promising causes of new therapeutic agents. The usual usage of plant products for the managing of DM has grown up because of the nominal side-effects with the minimal economy as controlling of diabetes without the side-effects is a challenge. The drugs prepared from the plants may play a major role in the treatment. This study aims to inspect the hypoglycemic with antioxidant potentiality of leaves extract from Delonix elata (DELE) and Vachellia farnesiana (VFLE) in streptozotocin (STZ) male rats with DM. This study incorporates 80 Wistar male rats categorized into eight groups. Normal control rats were appeared in groupr1. Untreated DM rats termed as DM controls as in group 2. Groups 3-5 involve the DELE, VFLE and DELE plus VFLE as DM rats. Groups 6-8 were treated as normal rats with DELE, VFLE and DELE plus VFLE respectively. The DM control group inhibited decrease in body weight and increased in the serum levels of glucose, HbA1c, protein and lipid profiles, creatinine, BUN. ALT, AST and MDA, whereas, serum insulin, GPx and CAT levels were reduced. In Gr3-5 of DM rats, extracts disclosed clear influence at body weight, glucose, HbA1c, protein and lipid profiles, liver and kidney functions parameter, and oxidative stress markers. The results revealed the extracts exhibited significant anti-oxidant and hypoglycemic activity which could be the appearance of pharmacologically active ingredients. However, these extracts can be applied alternatively in dealing DM and allied complications. In conclusion, the novel of these plant extracts further should be investigated to reconfirm for predicting their clinical potential as a phytomedicine for DM treatment.


Snakebite affects around 3 or 4 million humans annually leading to more than 100,000 deaths. Coagulopathy is one of the significant causes of both morbidity and mortality in these patients. Accordingly, it is of utmost importance to diagnose and treat coagulation disorder due to bites; in addition, it is accompanied by various clinical aspects, such as pre-coagulation, fibrinogen coagulation time, fibrinolytic, platelet activation, anticoagulant, thrombotic, and bleeding. The main cause of coagulopathy caused by snakebite is the presence of compounds found in snake venom. These compounds are mostly proteins with enzymatic activity and high stability; moreover, they rapidly react with factors in the blood circulatory system and disrupt their correct functioning. Regarding the snake venom compounds, especially their proteins, it should be mentioned that different snakes' venoms have different proteins, which can have a role in coagulation or anticoagulation depending on its amount. The coagulant proteins are subclassified as clotting factor activators and thrombin-like enzymes. The anticoagulant proteins can prevent blood clotting leading to coagulopathy and include phospholipases A2, fibrinolytic, protein C activator, and L-amino acid oxidase (enzymatic anticoagulants) or C-type lectin-like proteins, three-finger toxins (TFTs), and proteinase inhibitors (nonenzymatic anticoagulants). All of these factors cause coagulopathy due to snake bites, which is a clinically important phenomenon and should be carefully examined; otherwise, it would be difficult to make the diagnosis and treatment process. If untreated, coagulopathy can develop quickly and lead to the patient's death.


This article discusses how to plot the investigating special map of remote sensing of lower and middle reaches of Yellow River based on RS and GIS. And also the author discusses some problems on digital of the maps, the image of remote sensing, the precise geometry correction of photo map, the seamless enchase of photo map and the pick-up of information of remote sensing.


Combining fiber- and Innoslab technology enables up to 420W average output power at almost diffraction limited beam quality. Pulses compressible to τ=720 fs at 1MHz and 100kHz repetition rate have been achieved so far.


Designed and made a kind of lumbar vertebral fusion cage of titanium and then did research on the biomechanics properties. Got the lumbar vertebrae (L4 S1) from eighteen fresh corpses and made them into the needed samples. Then did the front flexion?back tensile?left and right bent?left and right torsion and axial compression test on them. After statistically analyzing the data got the load displacement curves and the torsion moment torsion angle curves by computer program. Also did research on the viscoelastic properties by simulating surgical operation. Got the lumbar vertebraes (L4 S1) from eighteen fresh corpses then measured the stress relaxation and the creep effects of the normal group (intact lumbar vertebrae L4 S1)? the first control group (simulating the operation of planting bones on the back route after excising disc intervertebrales) and the second control group (simulating the operation of inserting fusion cage after excising discs intervertebrales). Obtained the stress time?strain time curves and data under the condition of constant stress and strain of them. Processed the data by using regression analysis method and obtained the reduced stress relaxation and creep functions and curves. Finally, analyzed and discussed the effects on the spine′s stability of the planting bone on the back route operation and inserting fusion cage operation after excising disc intervertebrales.


With the recent increase in the quantity of high fidelity games appearing on mobile devices and the recent trend of gaming focused mobile devices, there is a new requirement for a clear and comprehensive measure of the quality of gaming performance on the mobile device platform. This paper proposes a conceptual framework for a user-experience and user-perception based set of performance measures for mobile devices. This paper presents a specific implementation and measurement use case which has been beneficial to Samsung Electronics when applied to our own product range, allowing us to better understand and quantify device performance. We believe that the methods outlined are potentially useful to the consumer, by providing an understandable public facing score for device performance to guide consumers with purchasing decisions. The methods may be useful to game developers and could better enable the developer to add new richer game features based on the performance of the device.


With the lithium diiodosalicylate (LIS) extraction-phenol partition method, we have isolated a sialoglycoprotein fraction from DBA/2 mouse erythrocyte ghosts . We have demonstrated that the Laemmeli system for SDS PAGE can resolve this fraction into four monomers of which two (gp-2.1 and gp-3 .1) appear to be authentic, whereas the other two (gp-2 .2 and gp-3 .2) are probably generated from gp-2 .1 and gp-3 .1, by limited proteolysis during the isolation procedure. All four components contain O-acetylated neuraminic acid residues, can be stained with Periodic acid-Schiff reagent (PAS) and with Coomassie Brilliant Blue (CB), and can be radioiodinated with the lactoperoxidase-glucose oxidase (LPO-GO) method . All monomers but especially gp-2.1 and gp-3.1 generate characteristic aggregates during solubilization in SDS. The aggregation is enhanced by boiling at high concentrations, and can be reversed by boiling at low concentrations . In addition, the fraction contains a diffuse component present also in ghosts which stains poorly with CB and with PAS and cannot be radioiodinated by the LPO-GO technique. SDS PAGE in the Steck and Yu gel system does not give an accurate separation of the sialoglycoprotein monomers . In our previous work on murine erythrocyte ghosts, we detected three sialoglycoproteins by Periodic acid-Schiff reagent (PAS) staining after SDS PAGE carried out according to Steck and Yu (37), and we presented evidence for the existence and preferential localization of O-acetylated sialyl residues on two ofthese three sialoglycoproteins (32) . When the sialoglycoproteins were subsequently analyzed on Laemmli gels (20), however, we obtained a very different pattern. The discrepancy raised the following questions : Which of the visible bands are sialoglycoprotein monomers and which are aggregates? Which of the gel systems truly separates the monomers? And, if polymerization occurs, what are the conditions that can prevent it in vitro? Here we partially answer these questions. We eluted all resolved components from each of the two gel systems and reran each component in the same or the alternative system . Each band will be named by a prefix gp, (for glycoprotein), and a suffix: S to signify initial separation on a Steck and Yu gel ; or L to signify separation on a Laemmli gel. The prefixes will always be used in the text but may be omitted from the


Karachi city is a coastal city near the Arabian sea. Due to its location, wind speed may provide a sustainable small scale wind energy system as well as reduction in power shortage in the city. In this study, wind speed data of Karachi Airport station at 10m height is used to estimate wind speed in the surrounding area with reference to measured wind speed data of the station. This estimated wind speed will then be helpful to assess small scale wind power generation at the unsampled locations. Geo-Statics tool in ArcGIS version 10.1 software was utilised to estimate measured wind speed using different interpolation methods. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse and compare measured and estimated wind speed. The analysis summarises the effectiveness of the estimated wind speed. Time series variations of the wind speed data was also analysed. Temporal mapping showing seasonal variations of the wind speed. The descriptive statistics illustrated a high value of correlation coefficient 'r', coefficient of determination R2 which is 99.8% for Ordinary and Universal kriging interpolation methods, while it was calculated 99.6% for Simple kriging. A slightly higher coefficient of variation resulted in Ordinary and Universal kriging methods than the Simple kriging method. The results indicated that all three kriging methods performed better and are more effective to estimate wind speed and wind power in the surrounding area and for Temporal display.


Objective:To study the prevention and management of the toxicity and complications of interventional chemotherapy and embolization with radiotherapy for mataphase and advanced cervical cancer.Methods:8 cases of mataphase and advanced cervical cancer performed interventional chemotherapy and embolization with radiotherapy,partly arterial chemoembolization.Results:The commonest response and complication of chemotherapy was leucopenia and gastrointestinal complication,whih occured in all 8 cases.The second ones was abnormal liver function,obstructive nephropathy and embolism syndrome.All symptoms recovered after symptomatic treatment,and no case dead from chemotherapy.Conclusion:①The indiction of interventional therapy should be grasped strictly.②The arterial cannula should be exactly fixed and guided by DSA.The selective cannulation can guide the drug into target artery and prevent normal vessels from injury.③It should be accentuated to prevent and treat the complications of interventional therapy,specially embolism syndrome.The interventional chemotherapy and embolization can reduce the stage of cancer and increase the opportunity of surgery in stage Ⅱ.It was a safe and effective therapy for advanced cervical cancer.


Three cases of biphenotypic CD2 or CD8 positive chronic lymphocytic B-cell leukaemias are reported. This represents an incidence of 15% in the authors' series, a frequency never mentioned previously. CD2 expression could be an example of asynchronous expression of an early pre-B antigen. CD8 expression might probe a true mixed lineage phenotype. These aberrant phenotypes were not associated with any peculiar clinical presentation.


Purpose : To elucidate the characteristics of radiation carcinogenesis, the spectra of K- and N- ras oncogene mutations, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and their association in X-ray-induced thymic lymphomas (TL) were determined by comparing with those of N -ethyl- N -nitrosourea (ENU)-induced and spontaneously occurring TL. Materials and methods : TL that arose in untreated, X-ray-irradiated and ENU-treated B6C3F1 mice were examined both for K- and N- ras mutations by PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing and for LOH by PCR with polymorphic microsatellite markers. Results : (1) ras gene mutations were found in a proportion of TL from X-ray-exposed (~20%) and ENU-treated (30-40%) mice while no ras gene mutations were found in spontaneous TL. N- ras mutations were rare. (2) The spectrum of ras gene mutations was diverse and seemed to differ little between X-ray-induced and ENU-induced TL, even though there was a higher frequency of ras mutations in ENU-induced TL that clustered to K- ras codon 12. (3) The X-ray-induced TL showing K- ras mutation were associated with LOH on chromosome 6, while those showing no K- ras mutation were associated with high frequency of LOH on chromosomes 4, 11 and 12. Conclusion : These results demonstrate that, in the B6C3F1 mouse TL, X-ray-induced lymphomagenesis showed both the co-expression, yet low occurrence of allelic imbalance on chromosome 6 and K- ras mutation, and exclusive expression of frequent allelic imbalance on chromosomes 4, 11 and 12 and K- ras mutation.


We study the analogy between the geometrical vector flux, the light vector introduced by A. Gershun and Pharosage vector introduced by P. Moon. From this analogy we present a treatment of the design of concentrators in terms of field theory. We study first the symmetry of concentrators in different coordinate systems. In particular, we study concentrators in elliptical cylindrical coordinates as asymmetric concentrators linking rotational and translational concentrators. Following that symmetry we study the light field produced by an elliptical disk, and we show that onesheet hyperboloids behave as ideal 3D asymmetric concentrators. This result can be generalized to orthogonal surfaces by using field theory. Finally, we find higher order field lines by the study of the light field produced by a 2-D truncated wedge, which can be used to define a new higher order concentrator, the Hyperparabolic Concentrator (HPC). This concentrator has the profile of a hyperbola continuously joined with a tilted parabola. In the limit of infinite focal length of the hyperbola, the 3D HPC reaches the thermodynamic limit of concentration.


How to improve the employment rate of graduates is an important task for higher vocational colleges to solve. In order to effectively improve their Employment competitiveness, advice should be made to help students to enhance specific kinds of learning and ability. Association Rules Mining is one core of the Data Mining Association Rules, it's helpful in finding useful information hidden in complex data. By using Association Rules Mining in finding the knowledge and ability which helps employed students to earn their jobs, necessary ability for each kind of job can be found, and then advice offered for students to target their employment career will be more exact and proper.


This study explores primary children's perceptions of mathematical problem-solving. A review of current literature in this area indicated a need to focus on children's thoughts and ideas. The children's perceptions of what a math problem is, their problem-solving process and their stated use and preference for problem-solving strategies were investigated. For this study, seven grade two students from the researcher's primary classroom were interviewed individually. A set of research questions provided a guide for the researcher during the interviews, but allowed flexibility so that both the subject and the researcher could add questions or information as required. A natural conversational flow was desired. The interviews were transcribed and analyzed. Individual student descriptions as well as comparisons between students in significant areas were prepared. It was found that the children had varied definitions for what a math problem is. Although some children had difficulty articulating a definition, they demonstrated an understanding through their examples. Most of the children stated that a math problem has words and some math and is like a story. A few children also indicated that a math problem could just involve numbers, depending on the level of difficulty. All of the children indicated that they had a problem-solving process in place. This process ranged from "try to figure out the answer and write it down" to a multi-step metacognitive process that involved thinking about the problem, trying different ways to solve it and checking your work. Five of the seven children stated that they included a "looking back" step as part of their problem-


The utility model provides a driving circuit device for an LED lamp tube, which comprises a high-frequency magnetic core isolation transformer, a rectifying bridge connected at the output end of the isolation transformer in parallel, and a high-frequency capacitor connected at the output end of the rectifying bridge in parallel. The output end of the rectifying bridge is connected with positive and negative poles of the high-frequency capacitor and an LED lamp string in parallel, and one input end of the high-frequency magnetic core isolation transformer is connected with a dual-head contact pin of a daylight lamp tube; another high-frequency capacitor and a low-frequency rectifying bridge connected with the high-frequency capacitor in parallel are connected at the input end of the high-frequency magnetic core isolation transformer in series; the output ends of the rectifying bridge and the low-frequency rectifying bridge are connected with the positive and negative poles of the high-frequency capacitor and the LED lamp string in parallel at the same time, and the dual-head contact pin of the daylight lamp tube is respectively connected with one input end of the high-frequency magnetic core isolation transformer and one input end of the another high-frequency capacitor. With the characteristics of simple structure, low cost, high converting efficiency, stable performance and high safety, the driving circuit device can be used for a high-frequency electronic ballast or a lower-frequency inductance rectifier lamp rack, and can be directly installed in a global commercial power network.


Liquid inside a floating structure influences both hydrostatic and hydrodynamic response of the floating structure. Some examples of floating structure with internal liquid are: vessels with roll damping tanks, floating hydrocarbon storage facility, LNG tankers and etc. A floating oil storage tank is considered in this study, which has a cuboid shaped external wall, cylinder shaped internal wall and simple structure configurations for its roof and bottom. Influence of internal liquid on the hydrostatic response of floating structures is well established and must be taken into consideration. The internal liquid reduces the stability of floating structures. The focus of this study is the influence of internal liquid on the hydrodynamic response of floating tank. Frequency domain analysis is performed with WAMIT, for partially filled tank with both solid mass and liquid. mass. By comparing the different cases, the force induced by the internal liquid on the floating tank is illustrated. Based on the WAMIT calculated radiation damping force for the external flow, Impulse Response Function (IRF) connecting frequency domain and time domain solution is constructed and the force and moment induced by internal liquid is considered as an excitation force. By assuming linear tank motion, the internal liquid induced force is related to the incoming wave by a set of force transfer functions and it is moved to the right hand side of the tank motion equation. In practice, this set of force transfer function due to internal liquid has to be combined with the wave excitation force transfer function and it is the total force transfer function (internal liquid plus wave excitation) to be imported to SIMO. SIMO time domain simulation is performed in regular waves. Motion transfer functions from WAMIT frequency domain and SIMO time domain calculations are compared and reasonable agreement is achieved.


The population dynamics of Praty/enchus scribneri and P. agilis in endophyte-infected (E+) and endophyte-free (E-) tall fescue were examined with particular attention given to possible reproduction suppression or enzymatic degradation of eggshells. E+ and Eclonal pair tillers of tall fescue were planted in Conetainers and inoculated with 1,000 vermiform P. scribneri or P. agilis per Conetainer. P. scribneri trials were incubated at ambient temperature (ca. 25°C) and included a 14-week short-term study and a 30week extended study. Short-term P. agilis trials were incubated at 30°C or 16.5°C to examine effects of temperature on endophyte-mediated resistance. Roots were harvested at 20, 40, and 60 days after inoculation, and the number of eggs and vermiform nematodes in each root system was counted. The first 50 vermiform nematodes or as many as possible up to 50, were dissected from each root system, mounted, and traced. The life-stage of traced nematodes was determined based on length and presence of a vulva. At all harvest dates during the short-term study, the mean number of vermiform P. scribneri in E+ roots was significantly lower than in Eroots. A persistent difference could not be established between P. scribneri populations in E+ and Etall fescue during the extended study. Life-stage distributions during both the short-term and extended studies seemed to indicate a decrease in juvenile development in E+ tall fescue. Adult


Abstract : This thesis considers the effects of cyber operations on kinetic warfare, by exploring and building on two recently proposed extensions to traditional Lanchester models of combat. In one model, we consider instantaneous changes to kinetic fighting capability resulting, for example, from the disruption or restoration of communications or other supporting cyber systems. Such changes create discontinuous shocks in the overall combat dynamics and can dramatically affect the outcome of a battle. In the second model, we represent cyber operations as a continuous process of degradation and recovery in fighting capability based on the dynamics of epidemic spread. By using analytical and numerical approaches, we obtain insights about the effect of cyber operations on battle duration and attrition, how cyber operations can affect victory conditions, and tradeoffs in the allocation of limited resources to cyber operations and kinetic operations. Building on a common model framework, we develop several additional models that can be used to investigate specific aspects of cyber operations on kinetic combat.


This paper empirically examines the role of religion on immigrant integration outcomes. Specifically it focuses on Islam and tests the validity of the 'clash of cultures' hypothesis to find out whether high levels of attachment to Islamic values, practices and Muslim identity impede the cultural and civic integration of Muslim immigrant women into American society and polity. The statistical analysis of two original surveys administered to first- and second-generation Muslim immigrant women in Southern California indicated a paradox in their integration patterns. Commitment to Islam increased Muslim immigrant women's civic and political engagement but decreased their cultural and psychological integration into US society. The findings from the narrative analysis of in-depth interviews conducted with a selected subgroup of survey respondents help to explain Islam's paradoxical impact on Muslim immigrant communities' integration outcomes.


This investigation analyses the relation between natural resource management practices and vulnerability in the process of adapting to climate change in Tam Thanh, a rural commune in midCentral Vietnam. The concept of vulnerability is examined and divided into physical and social vulnerability. Physical vulnerability corresponds to external stress from natural hazards exacerbated by climate change. Social vulnerability is the ability of a given group or individual to cope with and adapt to any external stress. Based on interviews with households the differences of social vulnerability are analysed through the Environmental Entitlements Framework and the Sustainable Livelihood Approach. We find that significant spatial and socio-economic differences exist in access to natural resources and endowments between the households, which result in unequal levels of social vulnerability. These differences are reinforced by the impacts of climate change which are characterised by increased intensity and frequency of typhoons and heavy rainfalls as well as prolonged periods of water scarcity. Natural resource management practices influence social vulnerability. Poorer households dependent on rice production are specifically vulnerable to water scarcity whereas wealthier households endowed with large plantations of production forest to a higher degree are impacted from typhoons. A diversification of income sources reduces the level of social vulnerability. However, alternative income sources beyond climate sensitive natural resources are lacking in the commune. The study concludes that a reduction of social vulnerability is essential for a successful adaptation to climate change.


Increasing the instruction level parallelism (ILP) exploited by the processor is one of the key issues to boost the performance of future generation processors. Current processor organizations include different mechanisms to overcome the limitations imposed by name and control dependences but no mechanism targeting to data dependences. Thus, these dependences will become one of the main bottlenecks in the future. Data speculation is gaining popularity as a mechanism to overcome the limitations imposed by data dependences by predicting the values that flow through them. In this work, we present a study of the potential benefit of data speculation in order to boost the limits of instruction level parallelism sing both perfect and realistic predictors. Results show that arithmetic prediction is the most important source of improvement. Speedups obtained by data speculation are very huge for an infinite window and still significant for a limited window. Different prediction schemes oriented to single thread and multiple threads (from a single program) architectures have been studied. The latter shows a significant improvement respect to the former for FP benchmarks but for integer programs the difference is much smaller.


At least two sides, namely at least one layer containing contactor module at least one feeding step the membrane extraction unit including an extraction cell having a gas side and liquid side; initial gas stream contactor containing the phosgene compound step flow to the gas side of the modules; extractant liquid stream suitable for dissolving the and phosgene compounds, absorb phosgene compound from the initial gas stream to provide a second extractant liquid stream of phosgene compound high content , the step of flowing the extractant liquid stream into the liquid side of the membrane contactor module; including, how to extract the phosgene compound. .FIELD 1


The aim of the paper is to replicate the methodology used by Easterly and Pftuze (2008) in their analysis of the effectiveness of foreign aid providers, and apply it to the field of service providers to the homeless community in Melbourne. The homeless sector is of particular interest, as it is a significant social issue where non-trivial amounts of government funds are spent, mostly through third-party service providers. For example, in metropolitan Melbourne, the Federal Government alone spends over $67 million through 278 different agencies (AIHW 2010, p3). The foreign aid sector provides an interesting starting point for analysing the homelessness sector, as the two have a number of similarities. Both are involved in providing socially beneficial services, both are often dominated by third-party service providers who spend large amounts of Government money, and the transparency and efficiency of the sector is of interest to policy makers and the general public whose money largely funds their operations.


A new rare earth complex was synthesized by the reaction that neodymium nitrate with Hippuric acicl(C9H9NO3) and pyridine(C5H5N) in 95% alcohol.Composition of the complex was identified as,by chemical and elemental analysis,Nd(C9H8NO3)3(C5H5N)·4H2O,and the title complex was characterized by IR spectra and Uv spectra.The thermal decomposition of the complex was studied via TG-DTG curve.By means of Satava-Sestak integral method and Achar-Brindley-Wendworth differential coefficient method,the non-isothermal kinetic data of the dehydration stage of the complex was analyzed.The most probable reaction mechanism was suggested by comparing the kinetic parameters.The kinetic equation for the dehydration stage could be expressed as dα/dt=A/[β·e-E/RT(1-α)].The antibacterial activity of the complex has been studied and the result indicates that the complex has differ antibacterial activity against Escherich coil,Staphy lococcus aureaus and Bacillus subtilis,but has no antibacterial activity against Bacillus thuringiensis.


A cross-sectional gut microbiome analysis of 23 non-diarrheal and 5 diarrheal fecal samples was conducted by employing 16s rRNA amplicon sequencing and subsequent analysis for taxonomic profiling of OTUs and abundance interpretation of reads. Significant differences in the structural composition of the two groups were observed. In both Firmicutes was the most abundant phylum in majority of the samples. B/F ratio was consistently <1 in all diarrheal samples. Significant difference in mean B/F ratio of the two groups was found. Proteobacteria was significantly more abundant in the diarrheal group. Prevotellaceae was the most abundant family in non-diarrheal samples and was suppressed significantly in diarrheal samples. Streptococcaceae was the most abundant family in 60% diarrheal samples and where Streptococcaceae was suppressed, Bacteroideaceae and Nocardeaceae were the most abundant. In non-diarrheal samples where Streptococcaceae was almost completely suppressed Bifidobacteriaceae was the most abundant and suppressed other families significantly. A negative correlation was observed between Prevotellaceae and Bacteroideaceae in the non-diarrheal group. Prevotella copri was the most abundant species in 70% non-diarrheal samples and was significantly suppressed in diarrheal samples. Proteus mirabilis was identified in all the non-diarrheal samples while they were absent in diarrheal samples. The OTUs associated with diarrheal dysbiosis can serve as prognostic markers. This is the first report on the comparative analysis of diarrheal and non-diarrheal microbiome, to our knowledge, and distinctly addressing the gut microbiome dysbiosis from the context that can lead to the development of prognostic markers and probiotics for protecting the endemic population from diarrhea.


The present paper is part of a broader study of the authors, consisting in the design of production systems layouts. In this paper is studied the influence of the supply method of an assembly line with mostly manual activities, in two hypotheses: mono-product and multi-product, supplied based on stock or synchronous, on its performances. The considered performance indicators are: the space needed for plant layout, the flexibility of the operator and an ergonomic indicator. These had been determined analytically or by 3D modeling of the assembly line. The obtained results show that, although the overall space of the system increases on the synchronous supply, the indicators for flexibility and ergonomics are significantly superior comparing to the ones from the supply based on stock.


Renewable energies have gained the attention of society, governments, and researchers for bringing solutions to the growing need of continuous energy supply for homes and industries. Great efforts are being made to develop and adapt technologies that make possible to harvest inexhaustible energy sources such as wind, solar, waves, etc. There are different stages associated to renewable energy injection: first one is the energy extraction, this can be implemented with solar panels, turbines, etc.; the second stage considers power conversion, and in the final stage, transformers make possible energy transmission to users. This paper focuses in the design of a suitable control strategy for a power converter to inject energy from solar panels, tracking the maximum power point. In this paper, an optimal control strategy is tested in a Buck-Boost power converter which is capable to vary the voltage at the first stage to follow the inputs and extract the maximum amount of power, in spite of bounded variations in irradiance and temperature. Particularly, a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) is combined with a Kalman Filter (KF) to regulate a Buck-Boost output for the rejection of constant disturbances, thus mitigating measurement noise. Obtained results show that the proposed controller achieves an acceptable performance for the target setting.


I am not alluding to the holism of idealists, the spirit of the religious nor to the absolute of philosophers. I allude to mathematics of complex systems, to systemic biology, to the physics of many bodies, to sustainable global development. No doubt, the notion of complexity is a significant advance, although its influence is not felt everywhere. We are still in a phase of transition, of reductionist complexity. We have already risen our eyes to a wider view, but we are still afraid of what we see. Transition creates instability and fear, but we cannot advance without them!


In order to enhance the transmission efficiency and encryption intensity of data in the network, this paper introduces a ethernet encryption chip based on FPGA. The RC6 algorithm is one candidate algorithm of the AES, which is one kind of new symmetric block cipher algorithm developed by RSA Corporation. In this paper we use FPGA technology to complete Triple RC6 algorithm, show the result of timing synthesis simulation and design detail, and these methods or means have enlighten and reference effect to design encryption chip.


Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV‐1) infection often results in central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction, yet the mechanism(s) of action for HIV‐1 in the CNS are not fully understood. In the present study gp120, the HIV‐1 envelope glycoprotein, was shown to selectively inhibit N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor function. In addition to inhibiting radioligand binding to rat NMDA receptors, gp120 inhibited NMDA‐induced currents in Xenopus oocytes, attenuated NMDA‐stimulated calcium flux and cytotoxicity in cultured cerebellar granule cells, and provided partial protection against NMDA‐induced lethality in vivo. These findings suggest that NMDA receptor complex is a possible site of action of HIV‐1 within the CNS.


A new, simpler device called a catalytic recombiner or passive autocatalytic recombiner (PAR) has been developed for cost-effective control of combustible gases. PARs, which are stainless steel sheet metal boxes open at the top and bottom and contain many vertical flat catalytic cartridges or plates, recombine hydrogen and oxygen in the 1-cm-wide flow channels between them. For an implementation of PARs into the Korean Next Generation Reactor (KNGR), the number of PARs within the containment was derived out with a conservative approach to meet design requirements, based upon an evaluation of different PAR performance models under design basis accident. Whereas the Passive Hydrogen Recombination System (PHRS) for combustible gas control consists of two redundant PAR groups, it was evaluated that four PARs should be provided inside the containment above the operating deck and two PARs inside the IRWST steam space above normal water level. At detailed design stage of the KNGR, if PARs are practically implemented into KNGR design, the design of KNGRspecific PAR equipment depending upon allowable spaces and anticipated gas flow pattern within the containment will be required.


Market economy is developing in a wider and deeper path,and characteristic economy is a way which meets the requirment of market economy,also a reason to justify industry and products.


Lipid-rich atherosclerotic plaques are vulnerable, and upon disruption trigger intraarterial thrombus formation. Tissue factor activating blood coagulation is viewed as the major prothrombotic stimulus within the plaque. We isolated lipid-rich atheromatous plaques from 50 patients with carotid artery stenosis and identified morphologically diverse collagenous structures within in the plaques. They stimulated platelet adhesion, dense granule secretion and aggregation, and triggered thrombus formation in hirudin-anticoagulated blood under arterial flow conditions. Even in fully anticoagulated flowing blood, i.e. in the absence of tissue factor-mediated coagulation, plaques were able to activate platelets. Thrombus formation was more rapid and stable when blood was anticoagulated with a low concentration of heparin, but, although fibrin was detectable within the thrombus, the initial step was always single platelet adhesion and not fibrin formation. In contrast, absence or inhibition of the platelet collagen receptor glycoprotein VI prevented platelet adhesion to atheromatous plaques and thrombus formation. We thus identified platelet glycoprotein VI as being essential and sufficient to mediate plaque-induced thrombus formation. Our study suggests a novel anti-thrombotic strategy to prevent and treat atherothrombosis in patients with vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques.


The authors focused on the study of a type of nonlinear system of time-fractional differential equations,and obtainsed the system of the integral equations which is equivalent to the system of nonlinear partial differential equations with time-fractional derivative via the approach of Laplace transformation,and proved the existence of local solutions to the system of the integral equations.In addition,we investigated the blowing-up solutions to the nonlinear system of fractional differential equations using Hlder's inequality,and obtained the blowing-up solution of equation set in a finite time.


A quasi experimental study to assess the effectiveness of garlic on blood pressure among hypertensive patients in Kaduthuruthy Co-operative Hospital, Kottayam District in selected was undertaken by 30083601 as a partial fulfillment of the requirement for the Degree of Master of Science in nursing at Annai JKK Sampoorani Ammal College of nursing ,under the Tamil Nadu Dr.MGR Medical University during the year 2008-2010.
The objectives of the study were, to compare blood pressure before and after garlic administration among hypertensive patients in experimental group, to compare the mean difference in blood pressure among hypertensive patients in experimental and control group, to test the association between the mean difference in blood pressure in relation to selected factors of hypertensive patients in experimental group.
The research hypotheses formulated were; H1—There will be a significant difference in systolic blood pressure before and after garlic and administration among hypertensive patients in experimental group,H2—There will be a significant difference in diastolic blood pressure before and after garlic administration among hypertensive patients in experimental group,H3—There will be a significant difference in mean difference in systolic blood pressure among hypertensive patients in experimental and control group,H4-There will be a significant difference in mean difference in diastolic blood pressure among hypertensive patients in experimental and control group, H5---There will be a significant association between mean difference in systolic blood pressure in relation to selected factors among hypertensive patients in experimental group,H6—There will be a significant association between mean difference in diastolic blood pressure in relation to selected factors among hypertensive patients in experimental group.
The investigator organized the review of literature under three section as follows, studies related to hypertension and management, studies related effect of garlic on health, studies related effect of garlic on hypertension.
The conceptual framework for this study was based on CIPP model. The research design used was quasi experimental design to be specific repeated measures time series design. The samples for the study were chosen by quota sampling technique. 20 in experimental group and 20 in control group. Background factors of each sample was collected by interview technique from the hypertensive patients attending OPD at Kaduthuruthy co-operative Hospital, Kottayam. Preparation of garlic was explained to experimental group. Pre test, Post test blood pressure were measured in experimental and control group. Garlic was administrated to experimental group. Data obtained were edited, organized, analyzed by using SPSS (version 10) and interpreted by descriptive and inferential statistics.
The findings of the study shows that there was a significant (p<0.05) reduction in both systolic and diastolic pressure after garlic administration among hypertensive patients in experimental group. Selected background factors such as sex, nature of work, duration of illness and exercise also had significant association in mean difference in systolic blood pressure.
The conclusion of the study was that increased intake of garlic was an effective technique for reducing blood pressure among hypertensive patients. Reducing demands in job and doing the required exercise are equally important to reducing hypertension. Implication, limitation and recommendation based on the findings were clearly spelt.


Abstract : The evaluation of air traffic controller performance is a complex process. While there are standard forms in field use, there is currently no comprehensive system for reliable observer evaluation. This research involves the development of a new form along with a training package for use in research and possibly operational testing. The form consists of 24 rating scales. These scales focus on observable actions that trained air traffic control specialists could identify to make behaviorally based ratings. The study evaluates the reliability of the rating form by determining the consistency of ratings obtained from six observers who viewed videotapes of a previously recorded simulation study. These observers were supervisors and training staff specialists from Terminal Radar Approach Control facilities nationwide. Prior to making formal ratings, the observers participated in a training program designed to help them become proficient in observational rating. During the evaluation phase of the study, the observers viewed 20 one hour videotapes of controllers working different traffic scenarios. The results indicated that most of the rating scales had reasonable inter-rater reliabilities ranging from r=.7 to r=.9. The study also identified the performance areas that were more difficult for observers to evaluate consistently, possibly due to misunderstanding rating criteria or overlooking critical controller actions.


In this paper, a semi-dual-active-bridge (S-DAB) DC/DC converter with primary pulse-width modulation plus secondary phase-shifted (PPWM + SPS) control for boost conversion is analyzed in detail. Under the new control scheme, all effective operation modes are identified at first. Then, the working principle, switching behaviour, and operation range in each mode are discussed. Compared with conventional secondary phase-shifted control, PPWM + SPS control with two controllable phase-shift angles can extend the zero-voltage switching (ZVS) range and enhance control flexibility. In addition, an effective control route is also given that can make the converter achieve at the global minimum root-mean-square (RMS) current across the whole power range and avoid the voltage ringing on the transformer secondary-side at a light load. Finally, a 200 W prototype circuit is built and tested to verify correctness and effectiveness of theoretical results.


In living cells, molecular motors convert chemical energy into mechanical work. Its thermodynamic energy efficiency, i.e. the ratio of output mechanical work to input chemical energy, is usually high. However, using two-state models, we found the motion of molecular motors is loosely coupled to the chemical cycle. Only part of the input energy can be converted into mechanical work. Others are dissipated into environment during substeps without contributions to the unidirectional movement.


An assessment of /sup 222/Rn releases (curies/year) from major natural and technologically enhanced sources in the United States is presented. The resulting inhalation population dose commitments to the bronchial epithelium of the lung (lung-rem) are also estimated. The sources of radon considered are natural soil, evapotranspiration, potable water supplies, building materials, natural gas, uranium mining and milling, coal and phosphate mining, phosphate fertilizer, liquefied petroleum gas, geothermal power facilities, coal-fired power plants, and gas and oil wells. The most important natural source of /sup 222/Rn is decay of /sup 226/Ra in the soil and rocks of the earth's crust. This source results in approximately 40% of the total population dose from all sources of radon. The largest technoligcally enhanced contributor to population dose is airborne /sup 222/Rn in building interiors, which is estimated to contribute 55% to the total population exposure to /sup 222/Rn. Each of the other sources is estimated to contribute less than 3% to the total.


In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), off-veld ruminant livestock and commercial poultry production fail to meet the demand for meat and eggs. Intensified production to meet the demand requires nutritionally balanced feeds. Competition between humans, livestock and poultry for feed resources present a challenge hence the need for alternative feed resources. Indigenous trees seeds are potential sources of nutrients. Senna siamea, widely distributed in SSA, produces an abundance of seed. We evaluated, by chemical analyses, the potential of hulled (HSSM) and dehulled (DSSM) in S. siamea seed meal to supply nutrients in feeds. DSSM had higher DM, CP, EE, ash, P and gross energy (92.71±0.08%, 47.89±0.03%, 11.39±0.16%, 6.17±0.07%, 1.01±0.03% and 23.13±0.05 MJ/kg DM, respectively) content than HSSM (P<0.05). Amino acids were more concentrated (P<0.05) in the DSSM. HSSM's CF, NDF, ADF and Ca content was significantly higher (P<0.05) compared to that of the DSSM. The DM, CP, EE and gross energy (GE) content (89.48±0.09%, 21.75±0.09%, 4.71±0.41%, and 20.46±0.04 MJ/kg DM, respectively) of the HSSM though lower compared to in DSSM, are within range of conventional plant-derived dietary protein and energy sources for feeds. DSSM's CP and GE is higher than that of conventional dietary protein and energy sources for feeds. The TSFAs (27.88±1.36% vs 27.53±0.59%) and TPUFAs (50.42±5.18% vs 53.42±2.12%) proportion of the HSSM and DSSM, respectively were similar. HSSM (21.69±0.18%) had a significantly higher proportion of TMUFAs than DSSM (19.03±0.21%). DSSM had a higher concentration of the fatty acids per unit mass since it had more than double EE content of the HSSM. In HSSM and DSSM palmitic (19.18±0.44% vs 18.63±0.37%), oleic (21.15±0.09% vs 18.45±0.01%) and linoleic acid (43.35 vs 50.62%), respectively were the dominant saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. S. siamea seed meals can potentially be exploited as oleic- and linoleic acid-rich dietary energy and protein sources in livestock and poultry feeds.


In 3-methyl-2-oxa-6-azaspiro[4.5]decane-1,7-dione, (1) (C 9 H 13 NO 3 ), and 3-methyl-2-oxa-6-azaspiro[4.6]undecane-1,7-dione, (2) (C 10 H 15 NO 3 ), the lactone rings are in an envelope conformation. The lactam rings are in a distorted half-chair conformation in compound (1) and in a chair conformation in (2). Molecules are joined through hydrogen bonds in both compounds.


At present,the salary system of hotel industry is still the traditional system which is based on the position.This system can't attract,retain and stimulate modern employees any more.The self-service overall salary is a brand-new and diversified salary system which focuses on the central position of employees, emphasizes the suitability and diversity and tackles some urgent salary contradictions in the traditional salary system.This paper analyses the connotation of the self-service salary management,tries to apply this new system to the hotel salary system,and comes up with the preliminary design of hotel overall pay.


The invention relates to a preparation method for a multi-layer abrasion resistant carbon fiber continuous sucker rod. Firstly, carbon fibers and glass fibers on a creel are introduced into a dust-free constant-temperature chamber, and the carbon fibers and the glass fibers pass through resin tanks separately; secondly, the carbon fibers coated with resin are arranged in a gathering mode through a line supporting plate A and a round line arranging disc; thirdly, the glass fibers coated with the resin in the last step are around a sucker rod semi-finished product through the round line arranging disc; fourthly, the sucker rod semi-finished product is continuously introduced into a drying device A to be dried; fifthly, the sucker rod semi-finished product is continuously introduced into a plastic extruding machine; and sixthly, the sucker rod semi-finished product is continuously introduced into an atomization chamber, grapheme is sprayed to the surface of the sucker rod semi-finished product in an atomization spraying mode in the atomization chamber, and then after spraying, drying is conducted through a drying device B to obtain a finished product. By means of the method, the multi-layer abrasion resistant continuous sucker rod can be produced, and the continuous sucker rod has the advantages of small weight, abrasion resistance, high torsional strength, shearing strength and tensile strength and the like.


New treatments are needed for cholangiocarcinoma, an aggressive cancer with a poor prognosis. Combination of statins and bisphosphonates may be useful in treating cancer through influencing the mevalonate pathway. We studied the synergistic effects of simvastatin and alendronate against cholangiocarcinoma cells, looking first at cytotoxic, apoptotic and anti-migratory effects, then possible mechanisms of action. Individually, both simvastatin and alendronate increased cholangiocarcinoma cell death and the combination was more effective. Additionally, the combination treatment inhibited colony formation, reduced protein-related cell proliferation, NF-κB and cyclin D1, and increased p53 protein-related cell death. Apoptosis was induced by the combination treatment through activation of early apoptotic cells and stimulation of the caspase 3 enzyme. The combination treatment also decreased cancer cell migration by suppressing matrix metalloproteinases, metalloproteinase-2 and metalloproteinase-9 levels. Finally, the combination treatment reduced Rac1 protein expression in the mevalonate pathway. Our study shows that a combination of simvastatin plus alendronate has a direct anticancer and anti-migratory effect on cholangiocarcinoma cells in vitro . Mevalonate inhibitors could be used as therapeutic options for cholangiocarcinoma and perhaps, as chemotherapy-sensitizing agents.


The treatment of zero energy modes which arise due to one-point integration of first-order isoparametric finite elements is addressed. A method for precisely isolating these modes for arbitrary geometry is developed. Two hourglass control schemes, viscous and elastic, are presented and examined. In addition, a convenient one-point integration scheme which analytically integrates the element volume and uniform strain modes is presented.


This article has the aim to explore how Freud treated the problem of the etiology of the neurosis. To do so, we detach three key-notions: (1) etiological equation, (2) complementary series & (3) drive intensity at the moment. With these notions, we are able to percieve that, for Freud, the decision about the first cause of neurosis,


Considering that three-phase dispersions are common in chemical engineering and biotechnology, and with increasing airlift reactor applications to chemical and biotechnological processes, a experimental study was undertaken in order to investigate the liquid phase hydrodynamics and dispersion in an external-loop airlift reactor on laboratory scale. Experiments were conducted in order to find a relationship between relevant hydrodynamic and mixing parameters of a solid-suspended external-loop airlift reactor of laboratory scale, and operating variables such as gas velocity, solids loading and solids density, which should be the basis for extending the study to larger scale contactors. It was found that these parameters affect the hydrodynamic characteristics of the investigated external-loop airlift reactor and empirical correlations for gas holdup and liquid circulation velocity were obtained as functions on the above-mentioned operating variables. The lateral and axial mixing of dispersed particles in a circulating fluidized bed were measured by using the phosphor tracer technique. The dispersion model satisfactorily described the measured residence time distribution.


Solar energy is an unlimited amount of renewable energy and can be used as a power plant that can be used to meet the electrical energy needs of an area, especially areas affected by the equator. Utilization of solar energy still cannot be applied optimally in some areas. In this study, the use of solar energy is used as the main source of electricity to be used by a minimarket. The use of this solar energy generator is equipped with a backup generator, namely the PLN generator, the selection is intended so that the utilization of solar energy can be maximized. The use of these two power plants in a hybrid manner requires a device so that the transfer from one generator to another can be done automatically. In this study, the tool used is the automatic transfer switch (ATS). The work parameters carried out by ATS are based on reading the battery voltage value. If the battery voltage is 10.8V – 13.2V, the solar energy generator will work to supply the minimarket load, and if the battery voltage does not reach 10.8V, the PLN generator will work to supply the minimarket load.


Roof's form,line,color and texture show the vitality and charm of monolithic architecture,and concern the formation and sight of city horizon outline.The roof called as" the fifth facade" is more and more valued by developers and consumers.


Abstract Rationale Low mood may affect developing relationships with a new baby, partner and family. Early identification of mood disturbance is crucial to improve outcomes for women perinatally. Instruments such as the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) are used routinely, with evidence that some women do not feel comfortable with how they are asked about their mental health. Objective To develop a mood checklist as a user‐friendly, effective measure of well‐being in post‐partum women, for use by health professionals. Methods Cognitive interviews with women who had recently given birth assessed response format and face validity of a prototype measure. A cross‐sectional survey followed. A random split‐half instrument development protocol was used. Exploratory factor analysis determined factor structure with the first sample,. The second sample confirmed factor structure and evaluationof key psychometric variables and known‐groups discriminant validity (KGDV), requiring a supplementary between‐subjects design with stratification based on case negative/case positive classification using EPDSscreening cut‐off criteria. Results Cognitive interview data confirmed the face validity of the measure. Exploratory factor analysis indicated an 18 item two‐factor model with two (negatively) correlated factors. Factor 1 loaded with items reflecting positive mood and factor 2 negative items. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit to the two‐factor model across the full spectrum of fit indices. Statistically significant differences between groups were observed in relation to as EPDS caseness classification. Cronbach alpha coefficients for the positive and negative subscales revealed acceptable internal consistency of 0.79 and 0.72, respectively. Conclusion The outcome checklist may be appropriate for use in clinical practice. It demonstrated effective psychometric properties and clear cross‐validation with existing commonly used measures.


In night vision applications, because the light reflected by a target is very weak, the image captured by the Low-Light- Level camera has a great deal of noise attached on it. To remove such noise, the image must be processed in time. In this paper a real-time image processing system with a high- speed DSP device embedded in is constructed. The system employs an Analog Front End (AFE) device as the analog video digitalizer, and a DA converter with video synthesizing function in the analog video output channel. The whole processing board is small in size, and easy in use.


SUMMARY In marine CSEM (controlled source electromagnetic) exploration and SBL (SeaBed Logging), the seabed subsurface is investigated by emitting low-frequency signals from a dipole source close to the seabed. The resulting electromagnetic (EM) field is recorded by receivers that usually sit on the seafloor. The main goal is to describe possible thin resistive layers within the conductive surroundings beneath the seabed. In the following, various anisotropy effects in a stratified earth are studied. The synthetic data examples that are presented have been generated by a modelling tool for stratified media that handles arbitrary anisotropy models. The results show that a model without a thin resistive layer, but with anisotropy effects in the overburden, might resemble the response from a thin resistive layer in an isotropic model.


Inhibitory synapses in the CNS can exhibit a considerable stability of neurotransmission over prolonged periods of high-frequency stimulation. Previously, we showed that synaptojanin 1 (SJ1), a presynaptic polyphosphoinositide phosphatase, is required for normal synaptic vesicle recycling (Cremona et al., 1999). We asked whether the stability of inhibitory synaptic responses was dependent on SJ1. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings of unitary IPSCs were obtained in primary cortical cultures between cell pairs containing a presynaptic, fast-spiking inhibitory neuron (33.5–35°C). Prolonged presynaptic stimulation (1000 stimuli, 2–20 Hz) evoked postsynaptic responses that decreased in size with a bi-exponential time course. A fast component developed within a few stimuli and was quantified with paired-pulse protocols. Paired-pulse depression (PPD) appeared to be independent of previous GABA release at intervals of ≥100 msec. The characteristics of PPD, and synaptic depression induced within the first ∼80 stimuli in the trains, were unaltered in SJ1-deficient inhibitory synapses. A slow component of depression developed within hundreds of stimuli, and steady-state depression showed a sigmoidal dependence on stimulation frequency, with half-maximal depression at 6.0 ± 0.5 Hz. Slow depression was increased when release probability was augmented, and there was a small negative correlation between consecutive synaptic amplitudes during steady-state depression, consistent with a presynaptic depletion process. Slow depression was increased in SJ1-deficient synapses, with half-maximal depression at 3.3 ± 0.9 Hz, and the recovery was retarded ∼3.6-fold. Our studies establish a link between a distinct kinetic component of physiologically monitored synaptic depression and a molecular modification known to affect synaptic vesicle reformation.


Linear permanent magnet (PM) synchronous machines have been and continue to be viable candidates in many industrial applications where they exhibit higher performance than their rotating counterparts. In this paper, an analytical model-based optimization procedure of interior PM tubular linear synchronous machines (IPM-TLSMs) with fractional-slot-arranged winding in the armature, is developed in an attempt to enhance their electromagnetic force production capability. The proposed optimization procedure is initially-applied to an elementary concept. The force of the optimized concept is validated by a 2D finite element analysis (FEA). Then, the optimization procedure is extended to the entire machine. In spite of the force enhancement, it has been found that the machine is penalized by asymmetrical phase flux linkages. An approach to counter this limitation, through the reduction of the end effect, is proposed and validated by 2D FEA.


Clarification is provided for certain expressions quoted in Hedlund and Pendrill (2006 Meas. Sci. Technol. 17 2767–72). There is a need to clarify certain expressions quoted in Hedlund and Pendrill (2006). The following addendum is therefore made. Derivation of gas flow as a function of gas density (section 2 in Hedlund and Pendrill (2006)) The basis of the proposed method of determining gas flow more accurately with the continuous expansion method is to replace the measurement of the pressure in the flowmeter, as in the case of traditional throughput systems (section 1.1 in Hedlund and Pendrill (2006)), with a measurement of the gas density, ρ. The key expression (equation (4) in section 2 of Hedlund and Pendrill (2006)) has raised a number of questions amongst readers, which are as follows. • The expression appears to give the flow q in units of Pa s−1, at variance with other previous formulations. • The conditions under which the expression applies are not clearly defined; for instance, are there requirements that the pressure or the volume of the flowmeter need to be kept constant or not? A fundamental expression for the gas flow is (Ehrlich 1986) q = N t (mol s−1), (2) where N is the number of gas molecules in the flowmeter. The equation of state of an ideal3 gas is p = ρRT = N V · RT, (3) where R is the molar gas constant and ρ is the gas density. The flow, q, generated by the flowmeter can then be expressed in general in terms of the pressure, p (in chamber 1, see figure 1 of Hedlund and Pendrill (2006)), volume, V, and temperature, T, of the flowmeter, and their rates of change (Jousten et al 2002): q = 1 RT [ p · ( V


Starting with the conflict and integration between technological development and the institution of intellectual property (IP), how a perfect IP protect including patents is required for the professionalism of technical inventions and high cost is discussed. The fact is analyzed RD in depth more problems face the IP institution in the process of modern technology development, such as the change in views on science, more sophisticated technologies, globalization of technology and emergence of brand-new technologies. Technologies still needs a society-oriented restraint and shall meet the applicable requirements though they have their own rules in development. The IP institution is thus regarded as a system coordinating technology, economy and laws, and it integrates technology as economic system, political instrument and technical policy.


We observed the supernova remnant IC 443 with the IRSF 1.4-m telescope, using the narrow-band filters tuned for the [Fe II] 1.257, 1.644 μm, Paβ , and H2 1–0 S(1) lines. Comparing these results with the intensities of thermal emission from the warm dust associated with IC 443, derived by AKARI and Spitzerimages, we find that the [Fe II] emission is enhanced relative to the dust emission in the central region of IC 443. The Pa β emission is also detected in the regions where the [Fe II] emission is bright. In contrast, the H 2 emission is limb-brightened in the southern ridge. We also derived the highly-ionized Fe line intensity map from the data obtained by Suzaku. From these results, we have investigated the origin of the [Fe II] emission, which is difficult to be explained simply by considering the lifetime of 0.1μm silicate dust grains against sputtering destruction and the time for Fe to reach an ionization equilibrium in the hot plasma of IC 443.


An essay examining the various theories underlying the practice of divination, and the nature of its value to the aspirant.


The importance of minimum capital adequacy ratios in preventing banks from going bankrupt and losing depositor money is underscored by their ability to absorb a reasonable amount of losses. This work contributes to the literature on bank capital and, in particular, delivers a thorough analysis of bank capital in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia contexts. This analysis refers to the strand of literature on non-performing loans and bank capital that has been of continuous interest to researchers. It is a relevant area of research because it discusses the most important part of the banking business, especially in the context of increasing global competition and crises. In this scientific area, we inquire whether and how leverage rate, gross domestic product rate, and return on equity affect the capital adequacy ratio. In this respect, this study advances the literature of effects on bank capital that have not been analysed by other scholarly contributions, especially as it discusses the impact of leverage rate, gross domestic product rate, and return on equity in the context of the entire banking systems of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia. The study is limited to a six-year period from 2016 to 2021. Empirical evidence based on the application of a model suggests that both countries resulted in different correlations between countries. Modelling was done to determine the relationship between the independent variables LR, GDP Growth, ROE, and effect on CAR. In addition, the capital adequacy ratio proves to be more and more important for banks.


Mutant sublines of HeLa S3 cells resistant to growth inhibition by bromodeoxyuridine (BUdR) have been isolated. The resistant cell lines (HeLa BU‐10, HeLa BU‐15, HeLa BU‐25, HeLa BU‐50, and HeLa BU‐100) proliferated in the presence of 10, 15, 25, 50, and 100 μg/ml BUdR, respectively. Extracts from HeLa BU‐25, HeLa BU‐50, and HeLa BU‐100 cells exhibited 2–5 per cent of the thymidine‐3H, deoxyuridine‐3H, and bromodeoxyuridine‐3H phosphorylating activities of parental HeLa S3 cells. HeLa BU‐10 and HeLa BU‐15 cell extracts were also deficient in thymidine kinase activity, yielding approximately 43 per cent and 8 per cent, respectively, the thymidine kinase activity of parental HeLa S3 cells.


An automatic tracking method of space objects, namely, the circular orbit tracking method, is presented, in which a circular orbit is assumed and calculated, then the position extrapolation is made on the orbital plane. Compared with the position tracking method, this method will not be affected by nonuniform apparent motion of the object, and it has a very high tracking accuracy. With this method, even if the telescope is equipped with a low framefrequency (l-2 Hz) CCD detector, accurate tracking can still be realized. It can offer many CCD coordinate points to sample the objects at multiple points in different regions, thereby improving the positioning accuracy.


Objective: This study was conducted in order to evaluate the frequency of GCK gene mutations in exons 7, 8 & 9 in women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and their relationship to some biochemical parameters as compared to healthy controls.
Methods: Samples were collected from 45 GDM women and 42 apparently healthy pregnant women. DNA was extracted and the samples were screened for GCK exons 7, 8 & 9 mutations at positions C.682A>G (p.Thr228Ala); C.895G>C (p.Gly299Arg) and C.1148C>A (p.Ser383X), respectively. The mutations were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methodology. Investigated biochemical features included: fasting blood glucose (FBG), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), HbA1c, insulin and the lipid profile.
Results: The results showed that 9 out of the 45 (i.e., 20%) GDM subjects harbored the exon 8 (895G>C) mutation. Neither exon 7 (c.682A>G) nor exon 9 (c.1148C>A) was encountered in the study population. Moreover, the level of FBG, OGTT and HBA1c were higher in the c.895G>C mutation-positive subjects, as compared to mutation-negative ones.
Conclusions: The screening of GDM patients for GCK gene mutations allowed for the identification of glucokinase-deficient patients diagnosed as GDM. Therefore, molecular screening is important for the differential diagnosis of GDM and MODY2 and consequently, proper patient management.


The following are the main characteristics of the general circulation of atmosphere in May 2013.There is one polar vortex center in the Northern Hemisphere,and the strength is 2—4 dagpm lower than normal years.The circulation presents a four-wave pattern in high latitudes,of which there is a cut-off low votex in Novosibirsk,bringing cold air mass to Northern Xinjiang.The south branch trough is more active than normal years.Monsoon starts earlier than normal years over South China Sea,and the subtropical high moves towards west and north gradually.The monthly mean temperature is 16.9℃,which is 0.7℃ warmer than normal years.The national average precipitation is 85.5 mm,which is 23%more than the normal and recorded as the 2nd largest amount for the corresponding period since 1961.The main weather characteristics in this month is as follows:heavy rainfalls occur in Southern China frequently,high winds and hails hit more than 20 provinces and cities,and one sand-dust event is seen in the Northern China.


Due to their similarity to the major mineral constituent of bone, synthetic ceramic hydroxylapatite implants have been shown to provide strong attachment to hard tissue via chemical bonding mechanisms. This unique property has been utilized for over a decade in experimental and clinical applications of hard tissue augmentation and reconstruction. Recently, hydroxylapatite coatings have been investigated as mechanisms to provide fixation of metallic implant devices to bone. Clinical experience using HA coated revision stemmed prostheses supports the positive findings of earlier animal investigations, where decreased time to healing and the development of stress-transferring trabeculae to the implant surface were observed despite minor imprecisions in the initial fit.


The present invention relates to the use of the product in the compounds, their preparation and solid-phase peptide synthesis of the general formula I. A compound of formula (I) is a versatile intermediate for the peptide Glu- fat alkyl side chain building blocks, solid phase peptide synthesis of the peptide drug, including (SPPS) Lys- attached to the portion of the peptide chain. [Formula I] Wherein R


Aporocotyle argentinensis n.sp. from the bulbus arteriosus of Merluccius hubbsi is described and figured and compared with the other four known species of the genus. Of 240 hake caught at 12 localities off the coast of Argentina, 54 were infected with a total of 83 flukes, 33 fish with one fluke each, 15 with 2 flukes each, 4 with 3 flukes each, and 2 with 4 flukes each. The incidence of infection at individual localities varied from 0% to 45%. The phylogeny of Aporocotyle in hake is discussed; of the three species occurring in hake, A. spinosicanalis appears to be the most highly evolved.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine whether online bidders adjust their offers downward to compensate for shipping fees; whether shipping fees affect the number of bids in an auction, and thus indirectly influence winning bid prices; and whether experienced bidders more fully compensate for shipping fees, as compared to less experienced bidders.Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected from eBay, covering 530 auctions of 19‐inch LCD monitors and 242 auctions of 1921 Morgan Dollar coins. Several regression models were employed to test the hypotheses.Findings – Shipping fees had a large, negative effect on winning bids in monitor auctions, but had no effect in coin auctions. Auctions with larger shipping fees resulted in fewer bids, which in turn lessened winning bid prices. Experienced bidders adjusted more fully than inexperienced bidders in monitor auctions, in which the fees are more substantial.Research limitations/implications – Data should be collected on additional product ca...


This paper investigates empirically the role of Portuguese deregulation in shaping the structure of local markets for driving instruction and competition among driving schools. We develop a framework that integrates quality and price competition among horizontally and vertically dierentiated driving schools. We estimate the model using detailed data on the market structure, firm attributes and prices, and consumer preferences for 593 schools in 117 local markets. We use the estimated parameters of our model to predict the eect that the 1998 easing of price and entry restrictions governing the sector had on firm profits and consumer welfare. We also explore the eect of new


In recent years the canon has been, depending on one's point of view, either opened up or debased. In addition to listening seriously to once marginalized or suppressed voices, academic literary criticism has shown an increasing interest in what were once considered at best paraliterary genres: the detective novel, speculative fiction, the western, the romance (we refer of course to the popular variety, in which nurses fall in love with handsome young doctors on tropical islands). In part, this attention is the result of contemporary fiction's incorporation of pop culture materials, in part an indication of proliferating aesthetic criteria and an awareness of all fiction's potential relevance (if only as an index of social values and preoccupations). Modern Fiction Studies—which, after all, once shared a department with Ray Browne—has attempted to respond to these new interests of its readers by devoting recent special issues to detective and suspense fiction and to science and fantasy fiction. Trading in its wingtips for sneakers, MFS continues its efforts along these lines by paying attention in the present issue to a subgenre too long dismissed as "merely" sports fiction. (Although a body of work including fiction by Hemingway, Uwe Johnson, Malamud, Sillitoe, Mailer, Coover, Updike, Exley, and others has not been, in truth, easily dismissible.) That fans of the literature of sport are many is apparent: in the last few years, sport literature classes have been springing up in the course offerings of college and university English departments across the country. (Most informed sources agree that there are about 300 such courses presently being offered, and this is in addition to other similar courses


This study examines how Northern California adoption agency caseworkers assess prospective adoptive parents who are gay, lesbian, or bisexual (GLB). A questionnaire was distributed which explored the biases of 47 caseworkers from 7 county agencies. The study looked for relationships between caseworker opinions, training received, and caseworker demographics. More than 95% of questionnaire respondents stated that GLB people should be allowed to adopt. Significant differences were found in the respondents when grouped by race and by age. Unexpected findings included that only 68.1% of respondents stated that atheists should be allowed to adopt; and caseworkers were strongly divided on the issue of transracial adoption.


It is very important for coding and uncoding to use suitable technology of error-control coding in data transmission procession. The concept of error-control coding is simply described, and according to practical application, the Hamming Coding method is introduced in detail. Then,the disadvantage of this method is discussed at present and an appropriate method is proposed.


It was carried two experiments to study the new probiotic on the base Bacillus subti-lis: mono-component additive and complex of diluted probiotic with enzymes in starters for the growing dairy calves prior to weaning. Results demonstrated that the mono-component probiotic at the level 0,05 and 0,1% (on the starter mass) increased daily gain of calves for 11,9 and 13,1% (р


The persistence of donor-derived leukocytes, which are capable of proliferating, trafficking, and interacting within the recipient tissues, has been proposed as a biological mechanism which facilitates the induction of acquired tolerance after whole organ transplantation.1 Although the details of the intrinsic mechanisms which underlie the bidirectional immune modulation are unknown, it is speculated that augmentation of chimerism will favor graft acceptance and may eventually lead to a drug-free existence.

Rat hind limb contains mature lymphocytes (regional lymph nodes), nonparenchymal tissue (skin and muscle), and vascularized bone marrow, which after transplantation provides a continuous supply of donor-derived progenitor cells. In the present study, we compared the level of chimerism induced experimentally by either vascularized bone marrow transplantation (VBMTx) using the rat hind limb allograft model, or else by infusion of either lymph node or bone marrow cells. Their influence on the incidence and severity of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) was also assessed.


Objective To explore the early intervention and regular assessment of high risk infants,the development scale to evaluate the therapeutic effect of early intervention.Methods From 2010 January-2011 year in December 100 cases of high risk infants newborn Department of Pediatrics in our hospital 50 cases(male 23 cases,female 27 cases) as intervention group,set up 50 over the same period in high-risk infants(male 21 cases,female 29 cases) as the control group,the results of the evaluation are analyzed through the scale,risk factors and the the two groups of children: maternal age,birth weight,mode of delivery,fetal position,pregnancy complications were retrospectively analyzed.Results The intervention group development quotient and motor developmental quotient was significantly higher than that of the control group;the sequelae of nervous system was significantly lower than the control group;and the maternal age,birth weight,mode of delivery,fetal position,pregnancy complications analysis was found in the control group,the treatment group had no statistical significance.Conclusion Early intervention had significant promoting effect on the intelligence development of high-risk infants,and can prevent the sequelae of nervous system;hospital,rehabilitation room,family intervention model combined,objective,accurate evaluation of therapeutic effects.


Photocatalytic and metal-free protocols to access various aromatic and heteroaromatic nitro compounds through ipso-nitration of readily available boronic acid derivatives were developed using non-metal-based, bench-stable, and recyclable nitrating reagents. These methods are operationally simple, mild, regioselective, and possess excellent functional group compatibility, delivering desired products in up to 99% yield.


3-(4'-Methoxyphenyllpentan-3-ol (3a) and 3-(4'-methoxypheny1)-2,4-dimethylpentan-3-ol (3b) underwent catalytic hydrogenolysis over 10% palladium/charcoal at moderate temperatures and pressures. The more hindered tertiary-benzylic carbinols 3-(4'-methoxypheny1)-2,2,4-trimethylpentan-3-ol (6), 3-(4'-methoxyphenyl)-2,2,4,4-tetramethylpentan-3-ol (3c), 1-(4'- methoxyphenyl )-2,2,6,6-tetramethylcyclohexan-l-ol (8) and 1-(1',1'-dimethylethy1)-6-methoxy- 2,2-dimethyl-l,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-ol (10) were completely resistant to hydrogenolysis, even under vigorous conditions. While the hindered tertiary-benzylic carbinols (6),(8) and (10) readily underwent Birch reduction, the analogous di-t-butyl anisyl carbinol (3c) was unchanged. The failure of (3c) to undergo Birch reduction is probably due to a hitherto unrecognized stereoelectronic effect: the C-OH bond of (3c) is constrained to lie more or less in the plane of the benzene ring, and addition of an electron to the benzene ring of the derived oxyanion (31) is inhibited in this conformation.


The invention provides a processing method and a processing device for automatically setting the Internet surfing mode. The method comprises the steps that a PPPoE request message and a DHCP request message are respectively sent; if a DHCP response message corresponding to the DHCP request message is received firstly within set time, the Internet surfing mode is determined as the DHCP mode, and if a PPPoE response message corresponding to the PPPoE request message is received after the set time, the Internet surfing mode is changed into the PPPoE mode from the DHCP mode. According to the processing method and the processing device, mode detection accuracy can be improved.


On the 30th of March, 2004, the Supreme Court of Israel gave its decision in McDonald's v. Ariel McDonald. This decision raises interesting questions concerning the scope of protection of a trademark image. This article will examine the consequences of the decision in the light of the rationales of Intellectual Property law in general and Trademark law in particular.


North American medical students are more depressed and anxious than their peers. In the UK, the regulator now has responsibility for medical students, which may potentially increase scrutiny of their health. This may either help or hinder medical students in accessing appropriate care. The prevalences of anxiety, depression and psychological distress in medical students outside North America are not clear. A better understanding of the prevalence of, risk factors for and results of psychological distress will guide the configuration of support services, increasingly available for doctors, for medical students too.


Objective: To verify the interaction between apolipoprotein AI and scavenger receptors class B type I (SR-BI) , a key process of reverse cholesterol transport, by yeast two-hybrid method and to provide a new target for selecting active substance for reducing lipid in plasma. Method: Apolipoprotein AI and SR-BI gene cDNA from Wistar rat were cloned, and DNA/apoAI and AD/SR-BI were constructed, then co-transformed into yeast strain AH109. Transformants were selected on medium of SD/-Leu/-Trp/-His/-Ade/X-a-Gal and the putative positive clones were identified by yeast mating. Result: Transformants can grow on medium of SD/-Leu/-Trp/-His/-Ade/X-a-Gal and the colonies are blue, an (3- galactosidase assays show that the activity of ou [3-galactosidase are 8 ~ 12U and 10 ~ 40U respectively. After yeast mating, blue colonies can still be seen on medium of SD/-Leu/-Trp/-His/-Ade/X-a-Gal. Conclusion: It is true that there is interaction between apolipoprotein AI and SR-BI.


Objective:To study the effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on the angiogenesis and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in rat with acute myocardial ischemia (AMI). Methods:The rat model of AMI was established. A total of 104 Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,AMI control group,low-dose ginsenoside Rg1 (1 mg/kg) group,and high-dose ginsenoside Rg1 (5 mg/kg) group. The serum myocardial enzyme,infarct size,and microvascular density were determined 3,7,10,and 14 days after the operation,and the expression of VEGF mRNA were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results:The microvascular density and the expression of VEGF mRNA in sham operation group were lower than those in AMI control group,low-dose Rg1 group,and high-dose ginsenoside Rg1 group (P 0.01). Compared with AMI control group,the serum myocardial enzymes and infarct size significantly decreased and the microvascular density significantly increased in low-dose and high-dose ginsenoside Rg1 groups (P 0.05,P 0.01). The expression of VEGF mRNA increased from day 3 to day 10 after the operation,and it stopped increasing or decreased on day 14. Conclusion:Acute ischemia may stimulate the expression of VEGF mRNA in myocardium,which plays an important role in the autoprotection of ischemic myocardium. Ginsenoside Rg1 could promote the angiogenesis in the infarct area by up-regulating the expression of VEGF mRNA.


Tourism has long been considered by the Fijian government to offer the best prospects for building a viable economy and generating sustainable livelihoods in what is one of the world's least developed nations (Ministry of Information, Communications and Media Relations, 2005). Yet, systemic structural factors in the Fiji tourism industry, including substantial economic leakage and a high dependency on foreign capital, are endemic (Harrison, 2003). This study explores trends in the travel patterns and behaviours of international backpackers in Fiji. The research aims to improve understanding both of the prospects of this sector for Fijian tourism and of the multi-destination travel behaviour of international backpackers more generally. The study findings have clear implications for the Fijian tourism industry in terms of strategic development of backpacker visitation.


The effect of pregnancy on the clinical course of several putative autoimmune diseases has been investigated by many authors. Most have reported that partial or complete remissions tended to occur during the second half of pregnancy. When relapses occurred, they were generally observed during the first trimester of pregnancy and most often at the termination of gestation and the postpartum period. Such effects have been described in myasthenia gravis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and dysimmune thyroid disorders.'-' I t has been suggested7 that the altered hormonal relationship in pregnancy may be responsible for clinical relapses. This theory, however, does not seem to be sufficient to explain the remissions during the second and third trimesters. One of the possible explanations is the appearance of blocking factors in maternal serum during the second and third trimesters. Such factors, perhaps originating from the fetus, might inhibit the activity of autoantibody and/or sensitized lymphocytes at their target autoantigen. Support for this hypothesis stems from studies that have demonstrated nonspecific immunosuppressive effect of normal pregnancy serum on the immune response in vitio.8-10 One of the pregnancy-associated substances that may play a role in the immunosuppressive effect of pregnancy on autoimmune diseases is a-fetoprotein (AFP). AFP is a major component present in the fetus and in amniotic fluid." In the normal adult, serum levels of AFP are very low.'z AFP is produced in high quantity by the yolk sac and the fetal liver, with maximum production occurring during the second trimester. Concentrations of AFP drop gradually in fetal serum and amniotic fluid during the second half of pregnancy, and decline rapidly (with a half-life of 3 days) in the newborn infant. Concentrations in maternal serum are lower and increase gradually during the second and third trimesters. In vivo and in vitro immunosuppressive effects of AFP on the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses have been described by several authors during recent years."-'8 We have demonstrated an immunosuppressive effect of AFP on two models of autoimmune diseases. The first model is experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) induced in laboratory animals by immunization with acetylcholine receptor (AchR) antigen. EAMG is the experimental model for the human neuromuscular junction (NMJ) disease, myasthenia gravis." The second model is experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), induced in laboratory animals by immunization with brain tissue or the isolated myelin basic protein (MBP). Another possible antigen of EAE may be the myelin-oligodendrocyte unit-specific substance, the galactocerebroside (GalC). EAE may serve as a model for the human diseases of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADE) and multiple sclerosis (MS).Zo


King Oscar I (1799–1859) was the only child of Charles XIV John (Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte) and Queen Desiree (Clary). He came to Sweden from Paris with his father in 1810 and became crown prince in ...


The passage has been diversely commented by Epictetus' editors and translators. The author collects their opinions and offers a new interpretation based on the comparison between this text and Epictetus Discourses II, 4, 6.


A method for detecting possible non-deterministic dynamics underlying a time series is introduced. Non-deterministic dynamics may arise due to the failure of the Lipschitz condition in the equations of motion. At a singular point, the phase space trajectory of the system may jump from one solution to another. This discontinous change implies divergence of the second derivative of the solution whenever it passes near the singular point. A time series can be examined for such divergences, which may indicate non-determinism in the dynamical system. Examples with both simulated and actual data are given.


In open network, cryptographic operations are often performed on insecure, unprotected, and easily-stolen devices, therefore the threat of secret key exposure becomes more and more acute. The paradigm of forward security provides a promising approach to deal with the secret key exposure. This new paradigm guarantees that the compromise of current secret keys does not compromise past secret keys and past communications. Therefore, forward-security can minimize the resulting damage caused by the secret key exposure. In this paper, we present a practical forward-secure public-key encryption (FS-PKE) scheme and prove it to be forward-secure against selective-time period and adaptive chosen plaintext attacks in the standard model. The main performance parameters of our proposed scheme are independent on the total number of time periods in the scheme. When compared with the existing FS-PKE scheme, our proposed scheme is much more efficient and practical. We also discuss how our scheme achieves chosen ciphertext security in the standard model and in the random oracle model respectively.


The Next Generation Train Control and Monitoring System (NG-TCMS) represents a major innovation of the European Railway industry introducing a wireless architecture as an enabler to enhanced automation, flexible train management and increased railway capacity. This paper surveys various available and future wireless technologies matching the requirements both at train backbone and consist levels. Illustrating the challenges for a single technology to match all requirements, this paper also highlights the benefits of the upcoming 5G technology for future NG-TCMS.


The rapid growth of health tourism in recent years has created a special incentive among countries endowed with the natural resources for a health‐cure industry. Since the discovery that minerals from certain quarries and springs have special properties which can cure or ease the symptoms of various ailments, the tourist industry has envisioned the utilization of these resources to attract visitors from other countries.


The MinEpac ventilator has been designed for the immediate treatment of patients with respiratory insufficiency or arrest. It can be easily understood and used by non-medical personnel, as well as those with special training. The device (figure 1) consists of a box measuring only 7" x 34" x 2" (17.5cm~8.0cm~5.0cm) connected (a) to a source of oxygen via a thin nylon tube and (b) to the patient via a specially constructed non-return valve. The box is finished in anodised aluminium and full operating instructions are printed on the surface. It is coloured bright red to make it conspicuous and furnished with a hook which enables the apparatus to be hung on a bedrail, cylinder stand, etc. It also has a clip which retains the non-return valve neatly when not in use. At the top is a black control knob which shows graduations for CHILD, ADULT and LARGE ADULT. The movement of this knob gives a continuous variation of the tidal volume. The non-return valve is coloured green and has a pressure limiting valve which is coloured red. This pressure limiting valve may be set to give a range of pressures from 30 to 60cmlH20. The instructions on the box are as follows:


The invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine composition, a preparation method and an application. The traditional Chinese medicine composition comprises the following traditional Chinese medicines: Codonopsis pilosula, white peony root, sauted largehead atractylodes rhizome, Poria cocos, radix glycyrrhizae preparata, Radix Astragali, large jujube without cores, Chinese yam, pasque flower, stewed Terminalia, reed leaf, radix bupleuri, chickens gizzard membrane, root of large-flowered skullcap, scorched hawthorn fruit, dark plum, seed of Job's tears, root of kudzu vine, dried orange peel, coptis prepared by evodia, stewed Inula racemosa, gen-seng or white ginseng and the like. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is capable of increasing child immunization capability and rapidly inhibiting the diarrhoea symptom based on several pharmacology of resisting external evil, reinforcing spleen and stomach, rectifying qi and transferring wet, and lifting yang to stop diarrhea.