In March 1994 WHO hosted a Meeting on Improving Access to Quality Care in Family Planning in Geneva Switzerland. Participants reviewed the most recent scientific data on indications and contraindications among new acceptors of combined oral contraceptives progestin-only pills progestogen injectables (Depo-Provera) contraceptive implants (Norplant) and copper releasing IUDs. They proposed a new classification system to help family planning providers and new acceptors decide on a contraceptive method. It is based on an evaluation of the risks and benefits associated with the condition or current characteristics of the woman. The approach is comparable to that used to regulate traffic. The association between a condition or particular characteristics allows the placement of a given method in one of the following categories: no restriction of use (green light); advantages generally exceed the risks (orange light); the risks usually exceed the benefits and the method must not be used except in the case where more appropriate methods are neither available nor acceptable (flashing red light); and the method must not be used at all (red light). Community-based distribution programs or health agents providing family planning services can distribute contraceptives fitting into the first two categories. Work has begun on contraceptive methods not considered at the March 1994 meeting. The recommendations from the March 1994 meeting can be ordered from the Family Health Division WHO 1211 Geneva 27 Switzerland.


DYING ACTS The old order of the fili or Gaelic poets began to disintegrate after 1600, as the English extended their conquests over Ireland. In response, many poets began to proclaim the death of their tradition: but they did so in lines of such vibrancy and power as to throw the thesis into question. They were rather like those soldiers who play dead on a battlefield, the better to rise and fight again. Ever since the early 1600s, the Irish language has contained statements of its imminent doom in every generation, yet four hundred years later it faces into the new millennium still truculently alive. The best poems of the fili were in fact written after the crisis of 1600 and in direct response to it. 'Ceist, Cia Cheannoidh Dan?' (Question, who'll buy a poem?) captures the crisis of men deprived of ancient patronage and forced instead to contemplate the indignities of the open market. Like Baudelaire's flâneur they traverse their society, ostensibly to take a look at it but in reality to find a buyer. As such, these ruined bards provide a spectacularly early case of modernism avant la lettre . Their attempt to fit the old mandarin forms to the needs of a new social order put them in the classic predicament of the dandy – courtiers dispossessed of a court.


Abstract Food consumers often face a trade-off between taste and nutrition. This paper examines how consumers value food characteristics that simultaneously affect taste and nutritional value. As a case study, we focus on Swedish consumer preferences for food characteristics in breakfast cereals, hard bread, and potato products. We estimate the value attached to fat, fiber, salt, and sugar and the value of easily accessible nutritional information provided by a nutrition symbol. The results suggest consumers have context-dependent preferences for food characteristics; consumers who prefer nutrition over taste for some ingredient in a specific product may prefer taste over nutrition for other products. Consumer values of food characteristics also seem sensitive to changes in the mix of characteristics in a product. For instance, additional fiber may be positively valued for products high in taste enhancers, such as salt. Consumers may therefore prefer nutrition over taste as long as the product is tasty.


and overview We have observed very complex mathematics, namely attractors of complex Dynamical Systems, being approached experimentally. German universities are working towards an increased mathematics awareness among schools and the general public. Particularly effective is the organization of a yearly Mathematics Day ("Tag der Mathematik") at universities where classes of high school students participate in mathematics competitions and enjoy various other mathematical exhibitions. At the University of Hamburg such Mathematics Days have been held during the years 2008 through 2010, and each time the author was involved with organizing an "experimental attractor competition". This is a hands-on exploration opportunity where school students (as well as the interested public) can experiment with mathematics, in particular Dynamical Systems, attractors and their graphical representations. The participants included practically all ages, but most of them were between 7 and 20 years old due to the school-focused nature of the events. Illustration 1: Attractor with symmetry (chosen by Suzanne Linder) Dynamical Systems, orbits, and computer images of chaotic attractors We (Martin Kunkel, Reiner Lauterbach and the author) have created software that plots the orbit of certain mappings in the complex plane. The formula of the mapping itself is not actually the object to be studied. It is a fairly simple quotient of two complex-valued polynomials with the degree of the denominator large enough so that the trajectory of any point near the origin stays "on the computer screen". There is no need for the users (henceforth "participants") to know the formula, and it would be misleading since high school students may associate polynomials with the need to "solve them" (find zeroes) whereas here we have something entirely different in mind. What is visible to users of this software are various parameters of the mapping. What we want to investigate are orbits of the mapping: If z is a point in the complex plane ("on the computer screen") and the mapping is called f, then the so-called trajectory or orbit of the point z under f is the sequence of points z, f(z), f(f(z)), f(f(f(z))), ... This is an infinite sequence, but a (sufficiently long) part at the beginning will show its geometric structure. It is easy to understand f and to compute f(z) for one single point z, but the whole trajectory of z is very complicated. The image above shows how it can be very convoluted and intricate. This is the image of an attractor. (Mathematically speaking, the trajectory is only an approximation of the actual attractor, usually "similarly looking".) Such a mapping, a Dynamical System, can be (and in this case is) chaotic, meaning that the orbit and hence the shape of the attractor is difficult to predict theoretically (but easy to compute). Most of the resulting images have never before been seen by any human being in the world. This makes the exploration particularly exciting. The rest of this article can be understood without the preceding mathematical explanation. To increase the visual appeal of the resulting attractors, we constructed the mapping so that the resulting images are symmetric. The participant can choose between several rotational symmetries, e.g. by 1/3 of a full rotation. The mapping f depends on several parameters which change the shape and appearance of the attractor. The participants control these parameters. We had set up many computers (PCs, monitor, mouse, keyboard) in a public space, each running our software where participants control several parameters by simply clicking on appropriate control buttons, and our software would automatically create an image of the resulting attractor. Observations during the experimental phase of attractor exploration We then left the participants to explore and experiment on their own and in the process create images of different attractors, motivated solely by their own curiosity. We did also announce that people who would create the "most interesting" or "most beautiful" images would at the end of the day win a prize, and created an awards ceremony for this. Watching the participants explore these attractors offered some, possibly very interesting, insights into mathematics teaching and learning. As already explained, the resulting images can be very beautiful, yet cannot really be predicted without the help of a computer because the underlying mathematics is too difficult. The usual procedures and algorithms that school students have learned and practiced will not work: There is no "standard path" to take to find out what the attractors will look like; however, experiment and exploration work very well in this case. Note that the whole event focuses on mathematical exploration, and we tried to maximize student involvement, as opposed to merely creating a less appealing test where we could measure more precisely. This study observed what particular procedures the participants used to create interesting attractor images, the length of their attention span while exploring, how the participants reacted to surprising new discoveries, how "prolific" the participants were, whether the resulting images would show a particular "personal style" of the creator (which actually turned out to be the case), and how the participants organized themselves as teams or sole explorers. The observational findings are as follows: Procedures: Most participants used the easiest-to-reach controls in the graphical user interface of our software, which were sliders and arrow buttons that can be clicked with the mouse. There are also buttons for predefined values. Some participants were more meticulous, carefully writing down particularly interesting parameter values by hand. Some bypassed the graphical user interface completely and used the keyboard to manually type interesting parameter values, either values which were obtained from other participants on a nearby computer, or promising modifications of values presently in use. Hence some of the participants went beyond merely using a simple user interface and managed to focus their attention more on the underlying mathematics. Length of attention span: Most participants spent a few minutes at the display, which is already noticeably longer than the time people usually take to look at a single piece of art in a museum, or the time to look at a noninteractive mathematical exhibit. So the user-interactive methods of exploring mathematical content apparently generated more interest and longer attention span than passive presentations typically do. Moreover, some participants returned to the attractor exploration several times. A few also stayed for an extended period of time: In one instance a girl of age 7 tirelessly worked for more than an hour, producing a prolific output of images, systematically exploring wide ranges of parameters and even finding very rare images where the symmetry of the attractor disappears from the computed version. Reaction to new discoveries: Most participants reacted visibly to some of the attractor shapes, expressing surprise and sometimes open happiness, even though the attractor shapes are completely abstract. Assessment of "productivity" and development of personal styles: The setup included a color laser printer where participants could print for free as many of their works of art as they wished. These works also entered the prize competition automatically. Most participants produced one single piece of artwork, some produced a small number, and very few participants produced a substantial number of works of art, in some cases more than 20. Observing these latter participants showed (surprisingly) that each "artist" clearly has their own style which is optically evident in the resulting works. Our software encouraged individual styles by giving users some choices (e.g. what color the attractor is drawn in) which were not mathematically relevant but seemed to enhance participants' interest. Solitary exploration and the organization of teams: Most participants explored alone, each one on a separate PC, and this was in fact what we originally had in mind. However, some teams formed, with participants comparing parameter values and appraising each other's attractors. The effect of the team size could be investigated in further studies.


We present the tables of feasible parameters of primitive $3$-class $Q$-polynomial association schemes and $4$- and $5$-class $Q$-bipartite association schemes (on up to $2800$, $10000$, and $50000$ vertices, respectively), accompanied by a number of nonexistence results for such schemes obtained by analysing triple intersection numbers of putative open cases.


We study the soft behavior of string scattering amplitudes at three level with massless and massive external insertions, relying on different techniques to compute 4-points amplitudes respectively with open or closed strings.


The memristive hyper-jerk system described in this study has a non-smooth Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU) memductance function. A non-smooth memductance function of this kind might cause the system to have three line equilibria within it, bring about the arrival of extreme multistability with infinitely many coexisting attractors. Analyzing the three line equilibria's stabilities and researching the intricate dynamical effects triggered by memristor and non-memristor initial conditions are related topic. Phase portraits, bifurcation diagrams, Lyapunov exponent spectra, and the basins of attraction all show the dynamical tendencies. According to the results, the novel system's dynamical behaviors depend on both the memristor initial condition and the non-memristor initial conditions. Moreover, PSIM circuit simulations and MCU-based hardware measurements are run to confirm the coexisting infinitely many attractors. The ReLU-type hyper-jerk system is then utilized to encrypt images. Experimental findings support its exceptional robustness against a range of potential attacks.


This research provides an account of the selection process whereby colonial art in nineteenth-century Ecuador is perceived. To this end, the appearance of a sort of budding art criticism is highlighted, one that is concerned about educating the modern observer. It also examines how the country's artistic canon was being tentatively shaped. In this framework, the liberals can be seen promoting a democratic society, whereas the views of conservatives were expressed by the contributions made by the thinker Juan Leon Mera.


ing of the Queen's "double nature" from the widely held view that Elizabeth exploited a traditional distinction between a monarch's natural and political bodies, and from the more recent argument, advanced by Constance Jordan, that the Queen and her court promoted a concept of "political androgyny" to explain how she could be both ruler and female. Levin's alternative interpretation draws less on early modern concepts of politics and gender than on simple biology, leading her to insist repeatedly that "Elizabeth might incorporate both male and female in her sovereignty, but her body was a very human female one" (147) — as if Elizabeth, her subjects, or modern scholars might be in doubt on this point. Levin's analysis of the English people's response to the Queen develops a stronger historical argument. In "Wanton and Whore," Levin provides a compelling survey of rumors about the Queen's sexual activity and supposed child-bearing. Taken together, these rumors from various letters, diary entries and legal proceedings paint an image of the Queen as tirelessly promiscuous and fertile, engaging in sex with bishops as well as the usual cast of courtiers, and stealing off periodically to give birth to yet another child — girl, boy or monster — whom she then conceals or kills. Levin suggests that the variety and persistence of such rumors express ambivalence over the image of the Virgin Queen, an image which, however widely embraced by the English public, continued to disturb strongly held gender and religious beliefs. In the succeeding chapter, "The Return of the King," Levin focuses on rumors that King Edward VI remained alive and in hiding during his half-sister's reign, and on claims by commoners, both men and women, to be the children of Henry VHI, Edward VI, or Mary I, and so potential heirs to the English throne. Levin convincingly demonstrates that these rumors and claims occurred most frequently in the early years of Elizabeth's reign, when the public was particularly anxious over having a woman ruler, and in the late years, when (the rumored illegitimate children notwithstanding) Elizabeth was too old to produce an heir. Here and in her last chapter on dreams of the Queen, Levin's work points to promising areas for further study, a testament to the continuing hold Elizabeth I exerts on our imaginations. CYNTHIA GARRETT Wells College


While thrombosis of the lateral sinus is the intracranial complication most frequently encountered after operations for mastoiditis, the number of cases observed by the average otologist is so small that he feels obliged to draw on the larger collective experience of his confreres in formulating criteria for the management of this serious condition. When he consults the literature, he finds many excellent reports of cases and the expression of a wide diversity of opinion regarding the efficacy of the surgical procedures used to combat thrombosis of the lateral sinus. It is difficult, if not impossible, to draw definite conclusions, for there are records which seem to substantiate each contrasting opinion. Since the individual series of cases reported are, as a rule, small, it occurred to me that to obtain the recent records from various parts of the country on the incidence of thrombosis of the lateral sinus following operations for


The communication system of things is an important part of the internet of things,becoming a focus of radio communication application.An online monitoring system of motor temperature was proposed based on communication system of things.System structure and working process were described.The problem of miscellaneous wiring in motor temperature online monitoring system was solved.It has easy installation,stable system,good manitainability and expansibility,and positive significance of integration of motor temperature online monitoring and internet of things.


Gold has a long history in trading over the past decades until its role in trading was replaced by the introduction of banknotes and coins. Gold is undeniably one of the prime commodities in investments and as well as a hedging tool. Thus, it is important to study the fluctuation in monthly gold price in Malaysia to extract useful information that could benefit investors and the government. In this paper, Box-Cox transformation was applied on the original data to deal with the presence of heteroscedasticity, non-normality and outliers. Monthly gold price data for the period of 2002 to 2011 were obtained to study its fluctuation using range as a measure of dispersion. It is found that the Malaysian gold price range is best described by the Normal distribution with parameters estimated using Maximum Likelihood Estimation.


Abstract Romania's recent expulsion of The New York Tribune's East European correspondent Peter Klebnikov for "actions incompatible with that of a journalist" brings into focus that nation's continued disregard for its own laws, for legality in general, and for the trend toward openness exhibited by at least some of its neighbors. The Romanian press law, the continuing call to respect the supremacy of legality, and the insistence that there is press freedom and a new form of democracy operational in Romania are exercises in cynicism and propaganda. It appears that foreign journalists are judged by the Romanian Communist Party's conceptions of what a journalist should be and do as spelled out in the press law. The law is the very embodiment of glasnost 's rejection in Romania. And until the political environment is sufficiently changed to allow for its abrogation or substantial alteration, Romanian journalism will not begin its road to resurrection, and there will be no openness for the Romanian press or f...


Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces(IRS) provide improved energy efficiency and consumes less transmit power in wireless communication systems, when the direct path between source to destination is weak. IRS surfaces contain an array of elements that reflect the incoming signal to the destination with beamforming. The new IRS technology is compared with MIMO technology and simulation results are plotted for transmit power, energy efficiency, and Bit Error Probability. It is seen that the for different performance metrics IRS performs better than MIMO.


Commercially available finite element modeling software (ABAQUS) was used to investigate the internal residual stresses that develop as a result of cooling from processing temperatures in ZrB2-SiC ceramics. The size and shape of the SiC particles were varied to evaluate their effect on the residual stresses. Results were compared to experimental data and showed similar trends, where increasing SiC particle size increased tensile stress and also decreased strength. Models were used to analyze benefits of novel shaped SiC inclusions and also better understand the short comings of the composites. An attempt to validate the models using neutron diffraction to measure residual stress led to the fabrication of ZrB2-SiC composites made using isotopically pure B and a reaction hot pressing technique. Natural boron in conventional ZrB2 ceramics had to be replaced with the B (0.0055 barns) due to the high thermal neutron absorption of natural boron (767 barns). Neutron diffraction experiments were successfully performed at Argonne National Laboratory, however, stress free reference samples for ZrB2 and SiC must still be measured to complete the residual stress analysis. ZrB2-SiC ceramics made from B were characterized to confirm a complete reaction and full density. The microstructure was compared to natural B ZrB2-SiC ceramics to confirm equivalent grain size. Effects on the thermal properties by the B isotope were studied by measuring thermal diffusivity of both natural boron and B containing ZrB2-SiC specimens at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The thermal conductivity and thermal expansion were both determined to be lower for the B containing materials.


Ronni Baer, with Arthur K. Wheelock, Jr. and Annetje Boersma, Gerrit Dou, 1613-1675: Master Painter in the Age of Rembrandt, ed. Arthur K. Wheelock, Jr., National Gallery of Art, Washington, New Haven and London, Yale University Press, 2000, pp. 159, hb. £30; ISBN: 0 300 08369 6In 1826, John Smith wrote that Gerrit Dou produced 'the most perfect specimens that ever came from the easel of a painter'. At that time Dou was as celebrated as Jan Vermeer is today; indeed, Dou's fall in favour with the critics took place at exactly the moment of Vermeer's rise. By the 1920s and 1930s this changed climate of opinion made it possible for the Alte Pinakothek in Munich to sell four of Dou's largest and most important pictures. These were The Quack and the Lady at her Toilet both now in the Boijmans Museum at Rotterdam, the Self-portrait now in Kansas City, and The Hermit now in Washington. This reversal of critical fortune is compellingly charted by Arthur Wheelock in an essay, 'Dou's reputation', included the catalogue of the exhibition of the artist's work recently held at the National Gallery of Art, Washington, Dulwich Picture Gallery, London, and the Mauritshuis at The Hague. Dou's rehabilitation now seems assured - not least because of Ronni Baer's catalogue, which provides a much-needed reappraisal of one of the most important but shamefully neglected artists of the period, whose work has been plundered in recent years by iconographers, but now gets the art historical attention it deserves. Baer's catalogue entries provide a great deal of new information and very full accounts of the history of each work; she whets the appetite for a full-scale monograph on the artist.From Dou's lifetime onwards his work was admired for its astonishing illusionism, but, with the invention of photography, it came to be seen as literal and meretricious. Paradoxically, the use that Vermeer made of the camera obscura appeared merely mechanical in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, and it was not until people became familiar with the photographic image that they truly appreciated the extent of his artifice. Visual technologies change with bewildering speed, and Dou's multi-figure compositions, such as The Quack, now have a surprising resemblance to digitally generated imagery. Crisply-defined figures are placed next to equally precisely described objects, rather as in a film where gladiators and tigers can be manoeuvred within a simulated Colosseum, but the separate parts do not quite cohere. Dou's solution to this was the creation of a distinctive type of composition in which a stone arch, often decorated with a bas-relief, acts as a precisely focused frame for the figure or figures, while details placed further back in space are painted with a softer, blurred focus which soothes the eye - Dou's technique may be meticulous but it is not uniform. Startling differences between foreground and background are to be seen in the Liechtenstein Violin Player (no. 20), and the privately owned Wine Cellar (no. 23). Numerous pentimenti are also evident, as in the Artist in his Studio (no. 1) where a bust of Vitellius is painted on top of the blue tablecloth; Dou's willingness to change his mind while he worked would repay more attention. …


This work presents a novel approach to quantify the nonlinear shear stress-strain behavior of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites without finite element stress calculation. Full-field noncontact deformation measurements using Digital Image Correlation are used to measure surface strains in Short Beam Shear IM7/8552 specimens. The presented spline-based optimization technique solves the inverse problem of generating both axial and shear stress-strain curves without ad hoc assumptions on the material model. Accuracy of the analysis method was verified by finite element analysis (FEA). This method improves on available closed-form and iterative FEA based solutions due to flexibility and accuracy without the computational expense.


Polarized Raman scattering measurements were made of a single crystal of α-pseudouridine by the use of a Raman microscope with 488. 0 nm exciting radiation from an argon ion laser. The crystal belongs to space group P21 (monoclinic), and Raman scattering intensities, corresponding to the a′a′, bb, cc, a′b and bc components of the crystalline Raman tensor, were determined for each prominent Raman band. Here the a′-axis was defined as an axis perpendicular to the c-axis in the ac plane. From the experimental results, the shapes and orientations of the Raman scattering tensors were derived for 12 base vibrations in pseudouridine. By comparing these tensors with those determined previously for uracil and thymine vibrations, the polarizability oscillations caused by normal vibrations localized in the pyrimidine base are discussed. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The article is devoted to investigation of the physico-chemical properties of magnetites in nanocomposites on the textile bases. It studies of the structure and phase composition of nanocomposite materials on the polyamide and viscose textile bases. It is shown that magnetite particles synthesized in textile material with average sizes of 9.4 nm in viscose textile material and 9.7 nm in polyamide textile material. The influence of synthesis conditions on the size of magnetite nanocrystallites in textile material is established.


Tissue Doppler Imaging (TDI) can assess tissue motion in vascular and cardiac imaging. However, a major drawback of these measurements is that the motion estimation is limited to the component along the ultrasound beam axis. Cardiac and vessel wall motion studies have shown that complex three-dimensional motions can be observed, and that there is a clinical need to fully assess the three components of the vector motion. This work describes how TDI can be extended by acquiring a real time two-component velocity vector via a dual beam vector Doppler technique. A vector Doppler velocity estimator using a small interbeam angle can suffer from both bias and large variance. This estimator is also strongly dependent on the settings of the echographic system. To reduce the large bias and variance, most vector velocity techniques use a very large ensemble length (EL) (>20), which does not allow real time implementation. We propose a new processing technique, which reduces the bias and the standard deviation of the vector velocity estimate. The new method assumes that the vector velocity angle varies slowly over the cardiac cycle. The angle can then be estimated using a large time window. The performance of this new technique has been tested experimentally using a tissue mimicking rotating phantom. It is shown that the factors influencing the results are the EL, the precision of the TDI estimates and the time window. The results indicate that the variance and bias of velocity magnitude and orientation estimates decrease with increasing EL, increasing precision of the TDI estimates and increasing time window. Using an EL of 9, 8 bits for the velocity estimate, and an observation time of one second, a 5-degree bias of the angle estimate is observed, with a variance below 7 degree averaged over all angles. A 10% bias of the velocity magnitude is observed, with a variance of 1%. In conclusion, TDI can be improved with vector Doppler providing two-dimensional tissue motion estimation, enabling more accurate biomechanical tissue property assessment.


The VRM design involves meeting many requirements that oppose each other. A fast dynamic response of the VRM is of major importance to reduce the size and cost of the output capacitance. Meanwhile, the efficiency of the converter should be very high to meet specifications. This paper analyzes how this solution can be found, assuming no limitations in the control performance. The key design parameters will be highlighted (low inductance, output capacitance technology, multiphase converters) and design guidelines will be provided. A procedure to determine approximately the maximum number of phases that can make sense for a particular specification is derived.


The present invention relates to a prosthesis (10) a device intended for implantation at the site of implantation, which comprises: i) is referred to as the base fabric (2) and having at least one perforated surface (3) at least one fabric; ii ) and at least one sheet (4), the sheet is provided with a protrusion from one surface and said base fabric in the upper surface of the sheet clamping hole fastened at a certain position to the base fabric said apertured surface of the at least one barb (5), said sheet comprising at least one radiopaque element. The present invention further relates to a kit and comprises a fabric sheet.


A truncated version of α-glucosidase gene (AglA) from Aspergillus niger, named as AglA-t in this study, was expressed in Pichia pastoris, and the enzyme was purified and characterized. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that AglA was most close to the α-glucosidase from Aureobasidium pullulans. In our research, we found that AglA-t could promote the formation of 2-O-α-d-glucopyranosyl-l-ascorbic acid (AA-2G) under optimized conditions. The major product was detected by high performance liquid chromatography, and confirmed to be by LC-MS analysis. The optimum pH and temperature for the transglucosylation reaction were 6.0°C and 40°C, respectively. The yield of AA-2G was significantly enhanced by metal ions Fe3+, Zn2+, Mg2+, and Al3+, and organic solvent isopropanol.

Practical applications
Here, we described the biochemical properties of recombinant enzyme AglA-t which was used to promote AA-2G production. The high yield of AglA-t in Pichia pastoris makes it potentially useful for large-scale industrial application. Meanwhile, the chemically stable AA-2G, enzymatic product of AglA-t, could be applied to a wide range of fields due to its antioxidative ability, iron absorption, and carnitine synthesis. AA-2G plays an important role in maintaining skin elasticity and repairing damaged skin. Therefore, AA-2G could be used as a primary skin care ingredient in commercial cosmetics. In addition, AA-2G has great potential in human food and medical industries. In the animal husbandry and aquaculture fields, AA-2G is also widely added to forage as an important nutrition component. Taken together, the characterization of AglA-t in our research provides an alternative way for mass production of AA-2G which could be used for a variety of commercial applications.


Smoking is a prominent environmental factor and ATG16L1-T300A an important risk allele associated with Crohn's disease (CD). The ATG16L1-T300A allele is enriched in CD patients who smoke. Here, we studied separate and combined eff ects of ATG16L1-T300A and cigarette smoke on phagocytosis, autophagy and bacterial killing (collectively xenophagy) of commensal and pathogenic E. coli strains in mouse and human monocytes. Mouse macrophages (RAW264.7) and human peripheral blood monocytes of ATG16L1 -genotyped healthy individuals were isolated using CD14 + magnetic beads and exposed to diff erent concentrations cigarette smoke extract (CSE). FITC-labeled zymosan, E. coli or adherent invasive E. coli (AIEC) were used to analyze monocyte phagocytotic activity. AIEC were co-cultured with human monocytes to determine intracellular survival of the pathogen. Autophagy was analyzed by LC3 lipidation and LC3 mRNA levels, by Western blotting and Q-PCR, respectively.


The subject innovation is to rising movement of offshore structures by reducing the resistance and is lowered when working on the offshore structure with a device and the munpul munpul device capable of reducing the influence of the blue. According to the present invention, between the offshore hull upper deck and the floor as munpul device installed on munpul inside is formed so as to penetrate in the vertical direction, the top and bottom are open, and the side wall portion has a closed wall structure, the interior of the munpul in the frame, which is installed to be movable in the vertical direction; A drive unit for driving the frame in a vertical direction; Includes the frame during movement of the offshore structure is located in the munpul inside moved upwards by the drive unit, the frame at the time of work with the munpul is the hull to move downward by the drive unit of offshore structures with munpul munpul device and the device characterized in that the position so as to project the bottom of the floor is provided. Munpul, the frame, the vertical movement, a work opening, the lower plate, the reinforcement protrusion, offshore structures


This study aimed to determine the physicochemical, microbiological, and sensory qualityies of steamed chicken samples by prepared with combined additions of oregano-allspice and Ascorbic acid (OA/AA), and processed by a sous-vide cook - chill system. The hurdle effect of the OA/AA addition was examined in terms of microbial stability improvements and their effects on sensory were also evaluated. First, the microbial risk was lowered and chicken quality was good with the addition of the OA/AA hurdle as compared to the control. Second, over various days of storage, the microbial quality of the OA/AA samples was relatively high. In standard plate counts, the control group presented a bacteria level of 2.75 LogCFU/g at 10 days of storage, but the OA/AA groups were had counts of 2.38, 1.89 and 1.81 LogCFU/g, respectively. And at 15 days of storage, the control group had a level of 3.65 LogCFU/g whereas the OA/AA groups had counts of 3.55, 3.54, and 3.24 LogCFU/g, respectively. Lastly, the sensory scores of the OA/AA groups were higher than those of the control group. Accordingly, overall microbial and sensory characteristics were better in the OA/AA hurdle groupsf than in the control group. Thus, the combined addition of Oregano-allspice and Ascorbic acid may be and alternative means for extending shelf - life.


Studying the integration of new professions in the welfare bureaucracy is one of the best ways to explain the modernization of public services. In this article, we examine how social workers were involved into the Beneficencia Publica del Distrito Federal. We propose that, along the decade of 1930's, these employees fulfilled various tasks and strenuous working days in exchange for low wages. Despite this conditions, they gain a place as employees of public social services. Also in this process, schoolar formation, the recognition of the government and the feminization of their activities, institutionalized the profession of social work in Mexico. In the text, it is shown that the transformation of the state does not arise only from the enunciation of an administrative, secular and progressive reform in favor of social rights, because the hard work of people is necessary to archive it.


The Sardis Synagogue is a key monument of diaspora Judaism, whose rich visual language runs through its decoration and furnishings. Votive texts, inscribed reliefs, and freestanding lampstands found in the building make clear the central importance of the menorah as a resonant religious image but also a functional object. Differences in material, size, form, and decoration reflect multiple sources for the Sardis menorahs, with imported examples apparently guiding the production of distinctive local versions over two centuries. As a group, they document the diffusion of visual ideas as well as contacts with other Jewish communities in late antiquity.


In single electron tunneling through clean, suspended carbon nanotube devices at low temperature, distinct switching phenomena have regularly been observed. These can be explained via strong interaction of single electron tunneling and mechanical motion of the nanotube. We present evidence that the switching phenomena are absent if the sample is kept in a viscous medium, additionally supporting this interpretation.


Masked learning, geometry-only decoder, and iterative inference: Table 1 complements the Table 4 of the main paper by providing more details about the masked learning strategy the geometry-only decoder, and the iterative inference.. The masked learning strategy alone marginally improves the region scores while adding the geometry-only decoder clearly boosts the region-level performance. These results suggest that the image-aware decoder might overfit to the image features and neglect the geometric patterns revealed by the coordinate features. The geometry-only decoder could effectively alleviate the above issue as a regularization by sharing weights with the image-aware decoder and conducting geometry-only inference. Choice of positional encoding: Table 2 provides an ablation study for the choice of positional encoding for edge coordinates. The first row shows that a proper positional encoding is vital for region-level performance. Besides, the learnable embedding is worse than the trigonometric encoding, potentially because the trigonometric positional encoding preserves useful ordinal priors (e.g., relative distance) that are hard to be learned automatically from data. Table 1. Detailed ablation study for masked learning strategy, iterative inference, and the geometry-only (geom-only) decoder. "Iter" denotes the number of inference iterations. The pre-trained Faster-RCNN from ConvMPN [6] is used for corner detection.


This article reevaluates critical distinctions between so-called 'art-horror' and 'natural' or real-world horror to challenge larger modal distinctions between fiction and documentary film and their ostensibly divergent spectatorial practices. It focuses on images of animal slaughter, which traverse boundaries between fiction and documentary, art-horror and natural horror. The indexical force of animal slaughter may displace or undo the metaphorical in fictional horror film, producing a spectatorial wavering between the registers of the figurative and the literal. Shaun Monson's documentary film Earthlings (2005) demands of viewers a mode of spectatorial discipline derived from the horror film experience. Earthlings and its viewer reaction videos reinvent the collective performance of terror among theatrical horror film audiences for a documentary context and for online media platforms like YouTube. Earthlings functions as a form of spreadable media in which viewers' horrified reactions are harnessed in the production of knowledge and political commitment.


This paper extends the shirking model of efficiency wages by introducing worker heterogeneity with respect to the disutility of effort. Heterogeneity leads to a problem of adverse selection in addition to the moral hazard problem that is present in the original model. As a result of adverse selection, an equilibrium in which all firms offer the same efficiency wage cannot exist; rather, a continuously differentiable distribution of wages will be offered in equilibrium. The authors demonstrate this equilibrium by construction and derive it explicitly in the case of a uniform distribution of the effort aversion parameter. Copyright 1998 by Economics Department of the University of Pennsylvania and the Osaka University Institute of Social and Economic Research Association.


The invention discloses an MPMC (Multi-Port Memory Controller) for controlling image storage in a DIBR (Depth-Image-Based Rendering) system. An external memory is used as an external caching storage mechanism; reference images and depth images needed by a DIBR algorithm are stored in the external memory, and then read for a DIBR algorithm module, so that the reference images and the depth images can be guaranteed to be transmitted to the DIBR algorithm module for treatment. Experiments show that the MPMC for controlling the image storage in the DIBR system has very good operability, is easy to realize and can greatly reduce resource consumed by an internal memory. Therefore, the MPMC for controlling the image storage in the DIBR system, disclosed by the invention, can serve as a feasible program for a common DVD (Digital Video Disk) video stream at prevent to realize the DIBR technology.


Lepipaschia gen. n. is comprised of two new species, L. inornata, the type species, described from Aldabra Atoll in the western Indian Ocean and recorded from Madagascar, and L. limbata described from Burkina Faso, West Africa. Illustrations of adults, wing venation, male antennae, heads, genitalia of both sexes, and the male eighth abdominal segment are included for both species.


(Di-tert-butylphosphanyl-P-ethyl)cyclopentadienylcobalt(I) complexes 1 and 2 were treated with 3,3-disubstituted cyclopropenes to give isoprene and vinylcarbene complexes. The diphenylvinylcarbene complex reacted with tert-butylphosphaethyne to give unusual coupling products.


OBJECTIVE
To assess the European Association of Urology (EAU) risk groups for biochemically recurrent (BCR) prostate cancer relative to PSMA-PET status and oncological outcomes.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
A retrospective analysis of a study that incorporated PSMA PET for men with BCR after radical prostatectomy (RP) was undertaken. EAU risk groups were considered relative to clinical variables, PSMA PET findings, and deployment of salvage radiation treatment (SRT). The primary oncological outcome was event-free survival (EFS) and analysed relative to clinical and imaging variables. An "event" occurred if PSA rose > 0.2ng/ml above nadir or additional therapies were introduced.

RESULTS
137 patients were included, with most high EAU risk (76%) and/or low PSA (80% <0.5ng/ml) at time of PSMA PET. EAU risk was not associated with PSMA PET regional nodal/distant metastases. Regional nodal/distant metastasis on PSMA PET (compared to negative/local recurrence; HR 2.2; p=0.002) and SRT use (versus no SRT; HR 0.44, p=0.004) were associated with EFS. High EAU risk was not significantly associated with worse EFS (HR 1.7, p=0.12) compared to low EAU risk. Among patients who received SRT, both regional/distant metastasis on PSMA PET (HR 3.1, p<0.001) and high EAU risk (HR 2.9, p=0.04) were independently associated with worse EFS, which was driven by high EAU risk patients with regional/distant metastasis (38%; HR 3.1; p=0.001).

CONCLUSIONS
In men with post-RP BCR, PSMA-PET findings and receipt of SRT predicted EFS. In men receiving SRT, PSMA status combined with EAU risk grouping was most predictive of EFS. These findings suggest that the EAU risk groups could be improved with the addition of PSMA PET.


Electronic waste is widespread across the globe comprises wide range of elements, growing exponential recent years and even categorized as hazardous if the elements like lead, mercury, arsenic, cadmium, selenium, and hexavalent chromium etc. are present beyond the permissible quantities. They may also be important secondary resources if processed in eco-friendly manner for secured supply of contained metals. Bio-extraction of metals from E-waste with microbes such as bacteria and fungi is being increasingly explored to meet the twin objectives of resource recycling and pollution mitigation. This review focuses on the biological extraction techniques including an assessment has been made to quantify the different E-waste and their metal compositions, microbes used, metal leaching efficiency etc. and proposes that the biological recovery allows the cycling of metals by a process close to natural biogeochemical cycles reducing the demand for resources such as ores, energy, or landfill space.


Small field-of-view Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) systems employing pixelated Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CdZnTe) detectors were computationally modelled using a comprehensive framework that integrates Monte Carlo and Finite Element numerical methods. The PET/SPECT systems consisted of multiple detector heads oriented in cylindrical configuration. Realistic and accurate system models were constructed and their performance was computationally investigated using the NEMA standards. The potential use of thick CdZnTe detectors was assessed by employing detector modules with total thickness equal to 15 mm. The outcome of the project will assist in the determination of an optimum configuration for medical imaging applications and the improvement of the read-out electronics.


This study is one of a series in which operant research equipment and information-theory findings are used in an experimental analysis of human information processing of auditory stimuli. Right hemiplegics, left hemiplegics, non-brain-damaged patients, and normal adults were presented three levels of tasks ranging from easy to moderately difficult. The brain-damaged Ss showed greater inter-subject differences and were less proficient than the control groups on the moderately difficult tasks. It was suggested that laterality differences may only be apparent on more difficult tasks. The study demonstrated the feasibility of rigorous research procedures for assessing individual patients' auditory information processing.


The age distribution of acute myeloid leukemia is unusual among malignancies, with onset spanning from early infancy until past the 9 th decade. Despite similar histology, cytogenetic abnormalities and recent identification of somatic mutations (e.g., DNMT3A mutations) have highlighted differences in the events driving adult compared to childhood de novo AML. However, the full extent of these differences remains unknown and is likely to have relevance to treatment approaches. The TARGET AML initiative is an effort of the Children9s Oncology Group (COG) and the National Cancer Institute to comprehensively characterize the molecular abnormalities of pediatric AML. The dataset comprises 1) whole genome sequencing (WGS) of AML and matched remission bone marrow in 197 cases, 2) mRNA transcriptome sequencing of 284 cases, 3) miRNA sequencing of 692 cases, 4) methylation array data on 289 cases, and 5) targeted capture sequencing of 174 candidate genes identified from WGS in 800 diagnostic samples, including 182 with WGS (Figure 1). The majority of patients (93%) studied were uniformly treated on COG study AAML0531 or its pilot safety precursor study, AAML03P1. Relapsed specimen data (not shown) are available for a subset of these cases. All patient samples were obtained by written consent upon enrollment in the clinical trial. Consistent with adult studies, we identified a relatively low mutational burden, with 2206 somatic tier 1 mutations resulting in a coding change in 1682 genes (median 6 per patient) from the WGS discovery data. We successfully verified 70-90% of variant calls by secondary methods. Also as with adult data, there were relatively few recurrently mutated genes, with fewer than 40 genes altered in >2% of samples. However, there were marked differences in somatic mutation frequencies in comparison to adult TCGA data, both by raw frequency and after adjustment for cytogenetic subtypes present among the two cohorts (Figure 2). Mutations in TP53 , NPM1 , IDH1 , IDH2 , TET2 and DNMT3A are more frequent in adult compared to pediatric disease; in contrast, mutations in NRAS , KRAS , WT1 , FLT3 , PTPN11 , GATA2 , ASXL2 , MYC , SETD2 , EZH2 and IKZF1 appear more common in pediatric AML. Mutations of several genes, including CEBPA , ASXL2 and KRAS are not only more common in pediatric AML, they show peak prevalence within specific pediatric age groups. In addition, several genes, including FLT3 , WT1 , and KIT show significant differences in mutational hotspots compared to adults. Pediatric-adult differences in AML were not limited to somatic gene mutations, but extended to focal and chromosomal copy number alterations (CNA), translocations, miRNA expression, and methylation-induced gene silencing. We identified recurrent focal CNAs in multiple regions not reported in adult AML including 15 heterozygous focal deletions impacting ELF1 , an ETS-family transcriptional regulator of hematopoiesis and leukemia driver as well as deletions of the splicing regulator MBNL1 in 10 cases, 8 of which co-occurred with focal deletions of the hematopoietic transcriptional regulator, ZEB2 . De novo assembly of mRNA sequencing data identified fusion transcripts in 63% of cases compared to 45% of TCGA LAML. In addition to cytogenetically evident fusions with well-described enrichment for MLL translocations in pediatrics, we identified 29 diagnostic samples (10%) with nucleoporin family fusions ( NUP98 with NSD1, KDM5A, PHF23, HOXD13, HMGB3, BRWD3, and CLINT; NUP214 with DEK and SET ), CBFA2T3 - GLIS2 fusions in 5, and rare fusions of ETS transcription factor genes ( FUS-FEV, ETV6-INO8D ). Comparison of miRNA expression patterns between adult and pediatric specimens similarly showed marked differences in expression of key regulatory miRNAs including let-7 family members. Finally, analysis of mRNA expression and DNA methylation for the identification of epigenetically silenced genes suggested that, although specific events favor silencing in adults or children, an overall pattern of gene silencing was more prevalent in pediatric compared to adult cases. This work extends our understanding of the heterogeneity of AML, demonstrates fundamental differences in the biology of pediatric- and adult-onset disease, and suggests important age-related differences within "pediatric" AML. This rich dataset should provide a foundation for the establishment of biologically-guided treatment in children with AML. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Human skin offers some resistance to current and voltage. This resistance changes with the emotional state of the body. The circuit proposed here measures changes in our skin resistance following changes in our mental state. In the relaxed state, the resistance offered by the skin is as high as 2 mega‐ohms or more, which reduces to 500 kilo‐ohms or less when the emotional stress is too high. The reduction in skin resistance is related to increased blood flow and permeability followed by the physiological changes during high stress. This increases the electrical conductivity of the skin. This circuit is useful to monitor the skin's response to relaxation techniques. It is very sensitive and shows response during a sudden moment of stress. Even a deep sigh will give response in the circuit. The circuit uses a sensitive amplifier to sense variations in the skin resistance. IC CA3140 is designed as a resistance‐ to‐voltage converter that outputs varying voltage based on the skin's conductivity.


Influence of Bi element on the frictional behavior of A390 alloy was investigated in this paper.It was found that addition of Bi element improved the frictional performance of A390 alloy greatly.Because the melt point of Bi element is low than 270 ℃,it melted out during friction,then formed effective "lubricant monolayer" at the friction surface.Consequently, it reduced the friction coefficient and enhanced the stability of friction performance,it also reduced both the wear value and the temperature of the frictional surface,and it so prolonged wear life of A390 alloy.The optimal addition of Bi element is between 2%~3%.When the optimal addition of Bi element is 3%,the alloy exhibited the best wear resistance and antifriction performance.While friction coefficient was 0.386 and wear volume was 22.5 mg.


Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a recently recognized viral zoonosis characterized by a febrile prodrome progressing to severe noncardiogenic pulmonary edema.1-4 This syndrome is caused by at least three newly described hantaviruses: the first, Sin Nombre virus, is the Southwestern hantavirus that caused an outbreak of respiratory failure during the summer of 1993; the second, Black Creek Canal virus, caused a case of HPS in Florida; and the third hantavirus was identified in lung tissue from a patient in Louisiana. Diagnosis is by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) serology with elevated immunoglobulin M (IgM) titers against heterologous and homologous hantaviral antigens, positive immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed tissue, or reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification of hantaviral nucleotide sequence from frozen tissue.


The book examines the problem of narcissism. The old myth of Narcissus is reinterpreted in a completely new discourse — political narcissism.


Phase defect printability and imaging characteristics were investigated by using aerial image simulation to clarify the phase defect impact on patterns depending on defect types, and on exposure conditions. In particular, the difference between the impacts caused by the same size bump phase defect and pit phase defect on 28 nm ~ 16 nm L&S projected patterns were investigated by calculating line width variations. Aerial images of phase defects in an absence of any absorber pattern were also calculated, and the image intensity losses of the two types of defects were compared. For a dipole illumination with 0.25 NA (numerical aperture) the pit phase defect impact was found to be stronger than the bump phase defect impact, when the two defect widths were less than 70% of the half-pitch of L&S patterns on the mask. This occurrence was not foreseen by the defect image calculation. On the other hand, for circular illumination with 0.33 NA, the bump defect impact was found to be stronger than the pit phase defect impact, which was consistent with the defect image calculation results. The contribution of dipole illumination in lowering the phase defect impact was confirmed for both bump and pit phase defects.


Capacity increased by more than 4.6% when one dynamic matrix multivariable controller began operating in Valero Refining Company`s MTBE production complex in Corpus Christi, Texas. This was on a plant that was already running well above design capacity due to previously made process changes. A single controller was developed to cover an isobutane dehydrogenation (ID) unit and an MTBE reaction and fractionation plant with the intermediate isobutylene surge drum. The overall benefit is realized by a comprehensive constrained multivariable predictive controller that properly handles all sets of limits experienced by the complex, whether limited by the front-end ID or back-end MTBE units. The controller has 20 manipulated, 6 disturbance and 44 controlled variables, and covers widely varying dynamics with settling times ranging from twenty minutes to six hours. The controller executes each minute with a six hour time horizon. A unique achievement is intelligent surge drum level handling by the controller for higher average daily complex capacity as a whole. The ID unit often operates at simultaneous limits on reactor effluent compressor capacity, cold box temperature and hydrogen/hydrocarbon ratio, and the MTBE unit at impurity in butene column overhead as well as impurity in MTBE product. The paper discusses ethermore » production, isobutane dehydrogenation, maximizing production, controller design, and controller performance.« less


The 0.5 power relation adopted by ACI Committee 318 predicting the splitting tensile strength of concrete from its compressive strength has been investigated. Research has consistently indicated that the relation in the Building Code Requirement does not agree particularly well with test results. Consequently, researchers have proposed alternative relations. The research for this paper investigated the validity and accuracy of these alternate relations. Tensile strength preditions from these relations were compared with test results assembled from various sources. It was found that the splitting tensile strength is not proportional to the 0.5 power of compressive strength. Although most of the alternate relations appear to be good, the assembled test data revealed that 0.69 is the most accurate power relation. Thus 0.69 power relation is proposed as an alternative to the ACI 318 relation.


In this paper, extract a particular channel from digital content that user have created on particular channel and creating new digital contents. In particular, the digital content is a legitimate user to authenticate and contents's life cycle management for authorization acquisition of new digital content.


The flame retarded materials were prepared which used wear-resistant PA6 composite (PA6/GF/PTFE/UHMWPE/CG, 85/15/5/5/5 by weight) as matrix, red phosphorus (RP), expansible graphite (EG), and zinc borate (ZB) as fire retardant. The flame retarded properties were characterized by LOI and UL-94 testing. PA6 composite with 15 wt% RP reached V0 rating and had a high LOI value (27.3 vol%). When a combination of 7 wt% ZB and 8 wt% RP was added, increases in LOI (27.9 vol%) and UL-94 rating(V0) were both observed. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and char residue characterization showed that the combination of RP and ZB can promote the formation of char barrier, reduce the mass loss rate, and thus improve the flame retardancy of PA6 composites. The wear test showed that, the composite filled by 15 wt% RP or a combination of 7 wt% ZB and 8 wt% RP both possessed a low wear rate and a much stable friction coefficient. The presence of EG could also improve the flame retardance but was harmful to the mechanical property as well as wear performance. The results indicated that ZB and RP had synergy effect on improving both flame retardance and wear performance of PA6 composites. POLYM. COMPOS., 2015. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers


This paper discusses a study that was performed to optimize the design of the Target Rock vacuum relief valve for nuclear power plant applications. The valve design optimization was performed using the CFD-ACE+ software package. A key portion of the study was a fully coupled transient simulation of the valve opening that was performed using CFD-ACE+ and MDICE. The moving body simulation was set up to mimic field conditions during the opening of the valve. It was performed to ensure that the valve would perform its required function.


Gliadins composition of 25 wheat cultivars was analyzed by acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Electrophoregrams obtained by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were used for estimation variability of gliadin components and identification of gliadin alleles. Alleles at Gli-B1 locus were identified on the base of gliadin block components by compare electrophoregrams of investigated cultivars with electrophoregrams of check cultivars. Variability of determined block components indicates that existing high polymorphysms of gliadins alleles. Six alleles at Gli-B1 locus were identified in analyzed wheat cultivars. Frequency of alleles was different and varied from 4% to 44.


The present study focuses on the Regression based inequality decomposition at household level consumption expenditure in Uttar Pradesh using NSSO 62nd, 63rd and 64th rounds of unit level data. An attempt has been made to measure the inequality decomposition based on regression analysis developed by Morduch and Sicular (2002), Fields (2003) and Fiorio and Jenkins (2007). The variables used for the decomposition based on regression for AMPCE are age of the head of households, gender of the head of households, marital status of the head of households, education level of the head of households, household size, household type, religion, social group, land possession, dwelling unit, type of structure, primary source of energy for cooking, primary source of energy for lighting and sector (Rural and Urban). Regression result shows that coefficient of education of the head of households followed by household size and type of household, social group and energy for light significant. Education level of the head of household is contributing as main factor for inequality followed that size of household and region (rural or urban). Regression based inequality decomposition reveals that in society there is urgent need for the enhancement in government expenditure in Uttar Pradesh on education especially in technical and higher level of education.


The author examines the evidence in the famous O.J. Simpson murder case where Simpson was acquitted. His conclusion is that the prosecution did prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Simpson was guilty. The author discusses some implications of the fact that Simpson was acquitted for reasons not related to the evidence in the case. He argues that it might be justified to acquit for other reasons than lack of evidence in cases where the political system is unable to solve severe conflicts in society or between individuals. In cases of unjustifiable violence, acquittals on other grounds than lack of evidence undermines the jury institution.


Demonstrated in this paper is a technique for automatic circuit resizing between different technologies. This technology is not based on any optimization techniques, but rather relies on a new algorithm based on knowledge extraction, which makes it a very fast technique. This technique studies the original design and extracts its major features (basic devices & blocks features, device matching, parasitics, and symmetry) and then reproduces a new sized design in the target technology with the same performance as the original design. The migration of a low voltage delta sigma A/D is presented in this paper to validate the migration engine.


This diploma thesis deals with the quality of life of seniors living in the nursing homes as well as the quality of life of elderly persons living at their own homes. The main goal of this work is to evaluate the quality of services provided in nursing homes and the quality of life of seniors in terms of the sense of satisfaction of the men and women living here. The quality of life is a multidimensional phenomenon which is very subjective and individual. It is influenced by several factors like health, life style, social environment, medical care, social services, personal safety, housing and also ethical principles used in the society. The quality of senior?s life should meet certain reguirements which should reflect also the changes in the society as well as current level of scientific knowledge and it should have been constantly improved. The practical part of this diploma thesis is based on the processing of empirical data obtained from the survey and it is partly enriched with the findings from targeted interviews with seniors. On the basis of all these finding and of the results of data analysis preliminary hypothesis are verified.


Chlamydia trachomatis causes inclusion conjunctivitis in newborns1 and is etiologically associated with urethritis in men2 and cervicitis in women.3 Recently, C. trachomatis has been identified as ...


Seed dormancy (SD) is controlled by its own complicated genetic factors and environmental factors. SD is an important trait affecting grain yield and quality in cereal crops. A population comprising 240 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) was used for detecting quantitative trait locus (QTL) for SD in rice. To minimize the effect of environment, data for lines for which the optimum temperature during the late ripening stage is either below 20C or above 30C were excluded from the analysis, which left 185 lines. In a dynamic germination test of the parents of the population, Minghui 63 showed clear SD and Zhenshan 97 showed none. The seeds of each RIL, harvested 32 days after heading, were divided into two lots: seeds in one lot were sown immediately, without any treatment to break their dormancy, whereas seeds in the other lot were sown after they had been exposed to dry heat (50C) for 72 h. Composite interval mapping showed the presence of qDGE1, qDGR5a, qDGR5b, and qDGR7 in the first lot whereas only qDGR7 was detected in the second lot--which had been treated to break SD--indicating the strong influence of qDGR7 in controlling SD. A recently cloned Sdr4 is also located in the qDGR7 region. Coincidently, three rice homologues of Ara- bidopsis SD gene DOG1 were found in qDGE1 and qDGR5b regions where no SD QTL had been reported so far. These results indicate that the QTL found in this study are reliable, and that it would be worthwhile to clone qDGE1 and qDGR5b.


This paper introduces the standards and fixed differences used for the program design of the third-class,fourth-class and fifth-class leveling record based on PC-E500 computer,and expounds in detail the application of this software in the observation record,angle i detection and other aspects in the field surveying from the operation procedures of PC-E500 computer.


There remains a widely perceived notion that ― Muslim societies are especially resistant to embarking upon the path of demographic and familial change that has transformed population profiles in Europe, North America, and other more developed areas. In reality, however, fertility levels are falling dramatically for countries and sub-national populations throughout the Ummah — and traditional marriage patterns and living arrangements are undergoing tremendous change. This paper will highlight some of these changes, examine some of their correlates and possible determinants, and speculate about some of their implications.


Mentoring programs have proven highly successful in many industries, and therefore there is an increasing demand for such programs in other fields. Therefore, this study proposed to design and operate an LIS student-librarian mentoring program. To accomplish this, mentees were selected


Malware is pernicious software in networks and spreading widely throughout in network area and cause a critical threat to network security. Till date we are not aware of malware behavior in networks. In this paper, we will find how malware propagates in networks and build a two layer epidemic model for malware propagation. In proposed model our analysis says that distribution of a given malware follows exponential distribution and power law distribution with a short exponential tail and power law distribution at its early, late and final stages and experiments also done by taking two real world malware data sets and results confirm our theoretical values.


An object of the present invention suppress the occurrence of abnormal vibration by increasing the damper spring stiffness of the damper clutch by one, and one providing a damper clutch of the torque converter to improve the fuel efficiency by lowering the complete direct connection time a slow booming and simultaneously reducing it is. The present invention to achieve the above object, according to relational Sat damper of the damper clutch being applied to the torque converter, Circumferential direction or the like is interposed between the plurality of damper springs disposed in a space to form a support tool spring for pressing the damper spring which is located in the direction of rotation when made a power transmission to the turbine from the piston, a spring holder which is located in mutually opposite directions two twos 1 provides a damper clutch of the torque converter is made in the same manner so that the shoe and the circumferential gap to increase the earth in sequence whether each pair of the spring in a circumferential direction gap. The torque converter, the spring holder, the damper spring


Highly trained singers know what a registration shift feels like, where in their ranges it is likely to occur, and how to make small adjustments to make it less abrupt. They also know that the location of register changes differs depending on vowel choice and the style in which they are performing. Changing registers while singing can result in a significant timbral shift and, if approached unexpectedly, an abrupt jump in fo. If the source and filter interact in a purely linear fashion, fo should not be influenced by the shape of the vocal tract(vowel). This paper will demonstrate how nonlinear source-filter coupling may explain the strong relationship between vowel and registration. Eight volunteers performed fo glides while altering the dimensions of their vocal tracts, predictably changing the formant frequencies. It was hypothesized that if the source and filter operated as a purely linear system, fo stability should not be perturbed by formant/harmonic crossings in a linear system. Acoustic analysis revealed, however, that 85% of fo instabilities were aligned with a crossing of one of the first four harmonics with the first three formants, indicating that source-filter coupling likely occurred.


This paper presents an efficiency enhanced Doherty power amplifier at 3.45 GHz for future communications. The carrier amplifier adopts harmonic controlled design strategy to obtain high efficiency. The transmission-line harmonic suppression network designed by using impedance buffer technique is employed to control the second and third harmonics. Measurement results show that drain efficiency of the proposed DPA can achieve higher than 55% at 6 dB back-off power at the operation frequency of 3.45 GHz, while the saturation power is larger than 49.5 dBm.


Combined with practical works the construction of curved stone arch bridge is briefly introduced in this paper and the bridge position control method based upon rectangular coordinate system is mainly discussed. In the end calculation method is proposed to instruct the arch stone processing.


Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) has been regarded as the holy grail of cryptography and supports meaningful computations on encrypted data. Recently, Kumer et al. proposed a symmetric FHE scheme based on the Euler theorem. However, we illustrate in the paper that the secret key can be recovered from the homomorphic computation key and only a pair of known plaintext/ciphertext by computing the greatest common divisor with the Euclidean algorithm. Our observations are well supported by the numerical experiments on the suggested parameters. Furthermore, an improvement in the scheme is presented. We mimic Dijk et al.'s idea to illustrate that the improvement can be reduced to the approximate greatest common divisor (AGCD) problem. Several known attacks, including the proposal in this paper, are also examined.


The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is developing a new robotic scanning system, the CROMMA (Configurable RObotic MilliMeter-wave Antenna) Facility, for performing near-field measurements at frequencies above 100 GHz. This cost-effective system is designed for high-frequency applications, is based on an industrial robot (pictured), is capable of scanning in multiple configurations, and is able to track measurement geometry at every point in a scan. The RF measurements are made with a vector network analyzer. At every measurement point, relative position and orientation are also recorded with a laser tracker system. The system has been used to achieve a positioning accuracy of about 22 µm RMS, which should be sufficient to allow near-field measurements up to about 500 GHz. We are currently qualifying the CROMMA Facility and evaluating its limitations. The system is capable of planar, spherical, cylindrical, or mixed-geometry scanning. Position and orientation information allow us to assess the quality of the alignment and will eventually allow implementation of position and orientation correction algorithms for canonical geometries and mixtures of them. This system is described in more detail in (M.H. Francis et al., Proc. AMTA 2014, pp. 231 – 234).


OBJECTIVES. Our aim was to determine the frequency of genomic imbalances in neonates with birth defects by using targeted array-based comparative genomic hybridization, also known as chromosomal microarray analysis. METHODS. Between March 2006 and September 2007, 638 neonates with various birth defects were referred for chromosomal microarray analysis. Three consecutive chromosomal microarray analysis versions were used: bacterial artificial chromosome–based versions V5 and V6 and bacterial artificial chromosome emulated oligonucleotide–based version V6 Oligo. Each version had targeted but increasingly extensive genomic coverage and interrogated >150 disease loci with enhanced coverage in genomic rearrangement–prone pericentromeric and subtelomeric regions. RESULTS. Overall, 109 (17.1%) patients were identified with clinically significant abnormalities with detection rates of 13.7%, 16.6%, and 19.9% on V5, V6, and V6 Oligo, respectively. The majority of these abnormalities would not be defined by using karyotype analysis. The clinically significant detection rates by use of chromosomal microarray analysis for various clinical indications were 66.7% for "possible chromosomal abnormality" ± "others" (other clinical indications), 33.3% for ambiguous genitalia ± others, 27.1% for dysmorphic features + multiple congenital anomalies ± others, 24.6% for dysmorphic features ± others, 21.8% for congenital heart disease ± others, 17.9% for multiple congenital anomalies ± others, and 9.5% for the patients referred for others that were different from the groups defined. In all, 16 (2.5%) patients had chromosomal aneuploidies, and 81 (12.7%) patients had segmental aneusomies including common microdeletion or microduplication syndromes and other genomic disorders. Chromosomal mosaicism was found in 12 (1.9%) neonates. CONCLUSIONS. Chromosomal microarray analysis is a valuable clinical diagnostic tool that allows precise and rapid identification of genomic imbalances and mosaic abnormalities as the cause of birth defects in neonates. Chromosomal microarray analysis allows for timely molecular diagnoses and detects many more clinically relevant genomic abnormalities than conventional cytogenetic studies, enabling more informed decision-making and management and appropriate assessment of recurrence risk.


Novosibirsk, Russia (630092, Novosibirsk, avenue of K. Marx, 20) firstname.lastname@example.com, firstname.lastname@example.com In the global economy during the last century, is made permanent search of successful collective organizational forms of different unions. Active formation of inter-organizational relationships necessitates interstate regulation aimed at ensuring the free movement of goods, services, money and labor between countries within the region, to interact and conduct general financial, monetary, scientific, technical, social, foreign and military policy. One of the questions in the theory of innovation management is to evaluate the effectiveness of the integration of organizations engaged in innovative activities. The article deals with current approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of integration organizations. The paper considers the main problems of their application. It has been proved necessity of working out of new methods of a mark of efficiency of integration of the organizations. Algorithm and method for efficiency estimation of integration of the organizations in the multisectoral innovative integrated structure are given.


In this paper we consider the evolutionary Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, for the minimization of a computationally costly nonlinear function, in global optimization frameworks. We study a reformulation of the standard iteration of PSO [KE95, CK02] into a linear dynamic system. Then, the latter is partially investigated in order to provide indications for the parameters selection in PSO. We carry out our analysis on a generalized PSO iteration, which includes the standard one proposed in the literature. In our scheme the path of any particle is possibly affected by the trajectories of all the other particles in the swarm. Then, for any particle we give indications on both the starting point and the trajectory, in terms of the PSO coefficients. We analyze the scheme assuming either deterministic and uniformly randomly distributed coefficients. Convergence analysis is partially provided.


Managing quality processes can be challenging for small firms due to the need to rapidly change to fluctuations in the market and also because the products and services created are typically customised, making standardisation difficult. Modifying quality control methods from large corporations is considered, but was not proven beneficial. By surveying small and medium-sized service firms, several suggestions for creating and implementing quality were discovered. This paper also examines the internal quality-control measures currently in place for two small service firms with specific recommendations presented for each of these firms.


The Gulf states – Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which are the members the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) – have the highest proportion of migrant workers in the world. Collectively, they comprise the third largest destination for global migrants, after North America and the European Union. In contrast with its overwhelming importance for economies and societies, migration to the Gulf states is under-documented and under-researched and the region has not received the place it deserves in migration studies. Moreover, the terms "migration" or "immigrant" are not part of the official lexicon of GCC states which prefer to speak of "expatriate manpower" or "guest workers" thereby affirming that however massive their number may be, the presence of foreign-born populations is essentially temporary. This special issue has two broad aims. First, it assesses the current trends and patterns of migration to the GCC states, appraising its positive and negative consequences for sending as well as


The ethanolic extract of the leaves of Cassia occidentalis (Co) were subjected to phytochemical analysis by standard
qualitative analysis and the invitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by determination of total antioxidant capacity, 1.1-
diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) radical scavenging activity,
superoxide scavenging activity and Ferric reducing anti oxidant potential (FRAP). The analyses revealed that the ethanolic
extract of Co was able to efficiently scavenge the free radicals in a dose dependant manner. The results were compared
with the standard antioxidant ascorbic acid. The results have shown that crude ethanolic extract of the leaves of Co showed
excellent antioxidant activity due to the presence of bioactive compounds namely alkaloids, betacyanin, cardiac glycosides,
coumarins, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, anthraquinones and emodins.


White top-emitting organic light-emitting devices (WTOLEDs), emitting white light through a transparent top metallic electrode, have emerged as promising candidates as energy-efficient solid-state lighting sources and full-color flat-panel displays. The microcavity effect due to usage of metallic electrodes results in emission enhancement solely at a particular color, and therefore sets an obstacle for WTOLEDs, where at least two colors with balanced intensity should be emitted. Current efforts solving the problem basically rely on the relaxation of the microcavity effect, resulting in sacrificed light outcoupling efficiency in the original resonance region. Here, we demonstrate that by integrating a photonic crystal structure upon the top metallic electrode, an additional emission enhancement peak other than the one determined by the microcavity resonance could be provided by the Tamm plasmon-polariton mode. Mode hybridization induced dual hybrid modes with comparable light outcoupling efficiency can then be excited, from which two colors with balanced intensity could be emitted. Both experimental and theoretical results demonstrate that the proposed mode hybridization strategy may pave the way for the realization of WTOELDs towards high white color quality, improved viewing characteristics, and electroluminescence efficiency.


Mechanical vibration pendulum is a kind of dynamic model for analyzing vibration of object with hanging support. It plays an important roll in understanding and research for vibration problems of handling objects. But, the solve procedure of mathematics model for mechanical vibration is relatively tedious and complicated. This article describes the method of how to develop the software for mathematics model solve of mechanical vibration and visualization of its motional disciplinary curves with the combined utilization of VB and MATLAB, and the illustrations taking the hinge joint two-pendulum as an example are given. The relevant software designed possesses the characteristics of convenient control, fast computation and result curve visualization.


Optical path computation element and its interwork with the network management system are investigated for planning and operation of all-optical networks. We successfully verified fast optical-path computation considering physical impairments and wavelength continuity.


S (PH D FOR GRADUATE SCHOOL OF INFORMATICS) Wind observations around the tropopause over Sumatra, Indonesia by the Equatorial Atmosphere Radar


The aim of this paper is to present the measurement results of the transmitted (Tx) power levels of mobile phones in currently operating wireless communication networks in Seoul in 2015 and 2017 and the calculation results of the specific absorption rate (SAR) in the brain for voice calls while holding a mobile phone against the user's ear when operating at the measured mean power level. The Tx power levels of mobile phones using Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) 2000, Wide CDMA (WCDMA), and Long-Term Evolution (LTE) networks were compared for the three main mobile network operators in South Korea. The actual mean Tx power level was less than 0.5% of the maximum power for the CDMA2000 and WCDMA networks. In the LTE networks, however, an extremely wide gap in Tx power was observed between the operators; two of the operators showed a mean power of less than 0.1% of the maximum, whereas the other showed mean powers of the three bands within the range of 0.8%–20% of the maximum power. The measurement results suggest that the SAR in the user's brain is strongly dependent on the year the phone was used, the user-subscribed mobile operator, and the proportion of time connected to the network/technology. The maximum 1-g peak spatial-average SAR (psSAR) level at the mean Tx power in an LTE network was 4.8 mW/kg (for a child head model). A maximum gap of 25 dB in the psSAR was observed between all networks considered.


Superbugs are bacteria that have grown resistant to most antibiotics, seriously threating the health of people. Silver (Ag) nanoparticles are known to exert a wide‐spectrum antimicrobial property, yet remains challenging against superbugs. Here, Ag clusters are assembled using porphyrin‐based linkers and a novel framework structure (Ag9‐AgTPyP) is produced, in which nine‐nuclearity Ag9 clusters are uniformly separated by Ag‐centered porphyrin units (AgTPyP) in two dimensions, demonstrating open permeant porosity. Ag9‐AgTPyP eliminates over 99.99999% and 99.999% methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) within 2 h upon visible‐light irradiation, which are superior to a majority of bacteria inactivation photocatalysts. The novel‐established long‐term charge‐transfer states from AgTPyP to adjacent Ag9 cluster that has preferential affinity to O2 greatly promote reactive oxygen species (ROS) production efficiency; and its unique framework accelerates the ROS transportation. Personal protective equipment (masks and protective suits) incorporating Ag9‐AgTPyP film also shows excellent performances against superbugs. This superbugs‐killing efficiency is unprecedented among silver complexes and porphyrin derivatives. Utilizing efficient photogenerated electrons and holes between metal cluster and linkers can open up new interests of research in photocatalytic areas.


Presenting convergences between mindfulness and somatic practices, this article makes a case for somatic practices as embodied mindfulness. It discusses historical origins as well as brief comments supporting some shared value systems and qualities espoused in both practices. After giving an overview of embodied cognition theory and the Interacting Cognitive Subsystems model, I trace how developing expertise in both somatic and mindfulness practices create the same cognitive repatterning to support the argument that somatics is a field of embodied mindfulness practices.


The genetic correlation coefficients between body weight at 150 days and age at first egg, egg weight at the first egg, body weight at 270 days, egg weight, the number of egg production based on the average of the five lines were 0.27, 0.43, 0.59, -0.13 and -0.03, respectively. The genetic correlation coefficients between body weight at 270 days and age at first egg, egg weight at the first egg, egg weight at 270 days, the number of egg production were 0.33, 0.26, 0.22 and -0.16 respectively. Positive genetic correlation was observed between body weight and age at the first egg. On the other hand, negative genetic correlation was observed between body weight and egg weight at 270 days. The genetic correlation coefficients between the age at first egg and egg weight at the first egg, egg weight at 270 days, the number of egg production were 0.91, 0.54 and -0.71 respectively. Highly positive genetic correlation was observe between the age at first egg and egg weight. However, highly negative genetic correlation was observed between the age at first egg and the number of egg production. The medium negative genetic correlation coefficients were observed between the number of egg production at 270 days and egg weight at the first egg, egg weight at 270 days as -0.32 and -0.39 respectively.


In this paper, a variable quantization coefficient scanning for macroblock considering the histogram value of previous macroblock's quantization coefficient is proposed. In order to scan a quantization coefficient, the proposed method makes 4×4 histograms for various prediction modes(16×16, 16×8, 8×16, 8×8) by adding 1 if the value of quantization coefficient is not 0. After a final mode decision procedure, the 4×4 histogram of the final mode will be sorted. Then, quantization coefficients in corresponding macroblock of the next frame are scanned using the sorted order. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme reduces the total bits by approximately 0.01 ~2.25% with similar PSNR performance compared with the previous method.


SINCE Sequeira (1903) described lupus erythematosus in two sisters, forty further examples with a familial background have been reported. The majority had the discoid form. In only eight families was there evidence of systemic involvement and these have been reviewed by Leonhardt (1957). This author added a further family in which three members out of eight with hypergammaglobulinaemia had systemic lupus eruthematosus. Although Kaposi (1872) first suggested a relationship between the discoid and systemic forms of lupus erythematosus, there is still no agreement that they are forms ofthe same disease. There are many experienced dermatologists and general physicians who believe that the two diseases are distinct, or have never seen the discoid form develop into the systemic (Reiches, 1957). Reiches himself disagrees with the latter view, as do Cohen and Cadman (1953), Harvey et al. (1954) and Marten and Blackburn (1956) who believe that the division is artificial, that the disease categories often overlap and that discoid lupus erythematosus may progress into systemic lupus erythematosus. The view of the majority appears to be that the two diseases are closely related. The following case reports describe a mother and daughter with lupus erythematosus and show certain unusual features, in particular the clinical dissimilarity of the two cases, contrasting with previously published reports.


It discloses a method for providing content on a computing device. In the partial display area defined by the display device provided in a computing device providing content according to the execution of the application. The defined portion comprises a first set of attributes. To change the first set of attributes of one or more attributes based on one or more inputs detected by one or more sensors. The one or more properties of a set of independent setting provided by the display device of the display region is changed for.


We investigate the problem of community detection in bipartite networks that are characterized by the presence of two types of nodes such that connections exist only between nodes of different types. While some approaches have been proposed to identify community structures in bipartite networks, there are a number of problems still to solve. In fact, the majority of the proposed approaches suffer from one or even more of the following limitations: (1) difficulty in detecting communities in the presence of many non-discriminating nodes with atypical connections that hide the community structures, (2) loss of relevant topological information due to the transformation of the bipartite network to standard plain graphs, and (3) manually specifying several input parameters, including the number of communities to be identified. To alleviate these problems, we propose BiNeTClus, a parameter-free community detection algorithm in bipartite networks that operates in two phases. The first phase focuses on identifying an initial grouping of nodes through a transactional data model capable of dealing with the situation that involves networks with many atypical connections, that is, sparsely connected nodes and nodes of one type that massively connect to all other nodes of the second type. The second phase aims to refine the clustering results of the first phase via an optimization strategy of the bipartite modularity to identify the final community structures. Our experiments on both synthetic and real networks illustrate the suitability of the proposed approach.


We argue that it is not meaningful to discuss the vector-dominance model using the language of longitudinal projections. We find that a more suitable language for vector dominance is in terms of electric and magnetic couplings rather than in terms of longitudinal and transverse ones. We advocate the use only of the off-shell invariant amplitudes ("Ball amplitudes"). The experimental failure of the model for polarized photoproduction of pions then implies either that some of the Ball amplitudes require subtractions in k2, the mass of the current, or that states other than ρ, ω, and I also couple to the electromagnetic current. © 1971 The American Physical Society.


In 2011, the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) confirmed its intention to adopt new definitions for four of the base units of the SI based on fixed numerical values of selected constants. These will be the kilogram, the ampere, the kelvin and the mole. The CGPM was not able to adopt the new definitions at that time because certain experimental and coordination work was not complete. This paper reviews criteria proposed by the Consultative Committees of the CIPM for such a 'new SI' to be adopted and reports on recent progress with work to address them. We also report on work being undertaken to demonstrate that the most important technical aspects of realizing such a new system are practicable. The progress reported here confirms the consensus developing amongst the Consultative Committees and the National Metrology Institutes that it will be possible for the CGPM to adopt these new definitions in 2018.


The paper deals with mechanical testing of an intentionally damaged six meter long model of a steel / composite hybrid ship hull. One of the benefits of the hybrid concept presently investigated is the potential to incorporate efficient "blow-out panels" in the design. These panels are designed to quickly release pressure from an internal blast. The residual strength of the hull girder after an internal blast was determined experimentally, using the hybrid hull model with a number of panels removed to simulate the blast damage. The specimen was extensively instrumented. The experiments proved that the hull had considerable strength even with nine panels removed.


This book is confined to the presentation of photogrammetric techniques which are necessary in the general use and interpretation of aerial photographs. "Aerial Photographs" has been thoroughly tested by the author in class‐room use, and represents the greatly expanded eighth edition of the author's "Interpretation of Geologic Maps and Aerial Photos" which has heretofore been available only in lithoprint form.


The embodiment of the invention discloses a medical operation channel stent. The medical operation channel stent comprises an expandable stent body, an expansion tube and a retraction membrane used for making contact with a human body, wherein the retraction membrane wraps the expandable stent body, the expansion tube is closely attached to the inner side of the expandable stent body, the two ends of the expandable stent body are connected into a cylindrical shape through meshed connecting devices, each connecting device comprises a fixed connecting piece, a first connecting part and a second connecting part, the first connecting parts and the second connecting parts are connected to the two ends of the expandable stent body alternately, a wedge-shaped surface is arranged on the side, away from the retraction membrane, of each first connecting part, the second connecting parts are provided with round holes, and the fixed connecting parts penetrate through all the round holes in a connected mode. When the channel stent is put in or pulled out of the human body, due to the fact that the tube diameter can be adjusted, the problems that operation is difficult and a patient feels painful are solved.


The presented thesis claims to the dialectic operation from a "polyphony of the look" and, through this proposal, shows how multiple in meaning are the narratives, beyond agree itself directly with the cultural context of the present time. The look is, in this proposal, considered a flexible vector that instruments itself to (re) elaborate by the said and writing word, new literary and cultural panels. The selected theoretical suplements link themselves to the textual plurality and enclose the fields of history and many " lines" of the theory of literature. The selected narratives are analyzed with the intent of attest the pertinence of the developed idea and therefore, already aware of the " polyphony look ". Here they are the "hibridization look" of O queijo e os vermes ; the "broken pacts look" that O resto é silêncio extends; Terra Papagalli and "genealogy look"; the "absent looks" of the Ensaio sobre a cegueira and the "errant look" situated by Imitação da morte.


Evaporation duct is an imporatn factor affecting the near sea surface radio wave propgation. Based on the atmospheric boundary turbulence theory and the parabolic wave equation, the propagation model considing the randomized refractivity is proposed. The numerical simulation compared the influence of theturbulence the results shaows that accounting for the physical mechanism of the atmosphere turbulence is s an important factor. It can reduce the propagation distance of radar wave propagation and affect the detection probability and range of radar to the tarbet beyond the horizon.


The area around the spring is a conservation area that functions as a habitat for tree communities to grow and the existence of trees has a positive impact on the balance of the ecosystem. The area condition around springs in Malang Raya was converted became the settlement and tourism development. Based on these problems, it is necessary to know the current condition of the tree community by conducting a vegetation analysis to saw the character of tree communities and the diversity index in the area around springs in Malang Raya, East Java. The plot method was used to retrieve data, by dividing the area into four stations in five different springs, namely Petirtaan Yai Beji Sari Lowokwaru, Malang City; Sumber Sira Gondanglegi, Sumber Wendit Pakis, Sumber Waras Lawang, Malang Regency; and the Sumber Cangar in Batu City. Every research station was divided into three plot points with a total of 12 plots in one research location. Data collection was carried out by purposive sampling starting from the edge of the spring to a maximum distance of ± 50m around the spring. In this research it was found the tree communities which characterizes springs with varying IVI values at each observation location. Based on the highest IVI, it can be concluded that the tree community characters found include (Myrta-Moraceae) in Petirtaan Yai Beji Sari; (Meliaceae) at Sumber Sira; (Areca-Meliaceae) at Sumber Wendit; (Melia-Poaceae) at Sumber Waras; and (Araucariaceae) in Sumber Cangar. Based on the diversity index H' high values were found in Sumber Waras springs, while other springs were observed to have moderate values.