This study entitled "Analysis of Labor, Education and Poverty Rate Effect on Economic Growth in Central Java province in 2013". The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of variable amount of labor, education and poverty to economic growth in Central Java province in 2013.
Data used in this research is secondary data, regional gross domestic product (GDP), total employment, education (AHM) and the level of poverty in the province of Central Java. The analytical method used was Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) is to determine the direction and magnitude of the effect of one independent variable (independent) on the dependent variable (dependent).
The results of this study can be concluded that the variable labor has significant influence on the GDP with a coefficient of 0.901549. Things are not the same is also available on the education variable (AHM), which does not have a significant influence on the GDP with a coefficient of 0.030048. While the poverty level variables have a significant influence on the GDP with coefficient of .055922 ..


Objective To analyze sleep quality and sleep disturbances of low grade students in Anhui Medical University(AMU). Methods 500 students were cluster sampled. Results Their Pittsburgh sleep guality index (PSQI) score was lower than insomnia and depressive disorder, but higher than "Good" sleepers. The distribution of global PSQI scores differed between groups. The prevalence rate of sleep disturbance in boys was higher than in girls, in city students lower than in country students. Conclusions To enhance students' sleep quality, it is necessary to strengthen instruction in ideal and psychology and to change their ways in sleep duration.


Abstract. Trivalent cerium is an important luminescent center giving light emission in short wavelength region depending on host materials. Sol–gel formed silica glass is an ideal matrix due to its high transparency, robustness, and low-temperature processability, but the emission from cerium in silica matrix is often mixed up with that from defects in the matrix, making it difficult to obtain well-determined characteristics. Bright emission from Ce ions peaking at about 400 nm was observed in sol–gel silica glasses synthesized with aluminum co-dopant. From luminescence decay time, the origin was confirmed to be d−f transition in trivalent Ce. From dependence of emission characteristics and UV absorbance on aluminum concentration, it was found that the co-dopant plays an important role to convert the optically inactive tetravalent ions to emissive trivalent state.


The Viking Generator S/N 106 was vibrated to the Teledyne Isotope Flight Acceptance Schedule (Random Only) with no deviation from normal generator functional output. Radiographic analysis and power tests before and after the vibration test indicated no change in the condition of the generator. The work was conducted in the Alpha Fuels Environmental Test Facility at Mound Laboratory.


Energy, in the form of biofuel production through transesterification of vegetable oils and animal fats is rapidly increasing due to the hasty outgrowth of population and urbanization. Correspondent increase in the production of crude glycerol causes mixed effects. Sustainable biodiesel production requires optimization of its production process and drastic increase in the utilization of glycerol. To ensure high biodiesel yields and low environmental impacts, with respect to needless waste streams. Upgrading of crude glycerol to highly pure glycerol and subsequent utilization in producing value added products are emerging research areas. The production of such value-added chemicals requires new basic heterogeneous catalysts as well as optimization of the conventional catalyst materials. The clay especially mesoporous type clay have great potential as a catalyst. For present study Aluminum pillared clay (AlPC) was prepared by Al 13 precursors and treated with NaOH to modify as basic which enhance conversion of glycerol to polyglycerol (diglycerol, triglycerol). The modified AlPC samples were well characterized by different latest techniques. The modified ALPC was found stable with high mesoporousity and basicity that enhances etherification reaction. The glycerol conversion and polyglycerol production yield was noted maximum 98% and 80.5% over prepared stable modified AlPC catalysts respectively. Industrially, the findings attained in this study might contribute towards promoting the biodiesel industry through utilization of its by-products.


The use of synchrotron radiation has become an essential tool to investigate the properties of a wide range of materials. The highly energetic X-ray beam delivers high flux, short acquisition times and high penetration into the material.
The present work focuses on using synchrotron tomography and X-ray diffraction to study multi-metal matrix (3MC) composites during in-situ loading.
3MCs were produced via a process in which SiC fibres are coated with a primary matrix of Ti and then infiltrated with a low melting point filler material as secondary matrix. Two different filler materials Ag28Cu and Zr26Ti25Ni were used as secondary matrix. During the consolidation process, intermetallic phases form in the matrix. These intermetallic phases and their stress state are expected to critically influence the mechanical properties of 3MCs.
Beamline I12 at the Diamond Light Source (UK) provides the capability to conduct high resolution tomography (CT) and X-ray diffraction during in-situ loading.
CT was used to investigate the microstructure, to locate the origin of appearing cracks and to follow their dissemination during loading. The CT measurements reveal that cracks occur in the brittle zones of the matrix far below the ultimate tensile strength of the composite material. In the case of Ag28Cu, cracks appear in the brittle intermetallic transition zone between primary matrix and AgCu secondary matrix. In the case of Zr26Ti25Ni, cracks are located mainly in the secondary matrix.
The aim of the XRD measurements was to determine the internal stresses in the different constituents of the 3MC. Strains in the α-Ti phase follow the expected linear dependency when applying a tensile load. In contrast, the strain in other phases remains unchanged indicating that no load is transferred to these phases.


Although the current education for medical students has combined various teaching methods, cramming education is still the main way essentially, with relatively weak cultivation of innovative ability. The speed and strength of innovative education reform cannot meet the tremendous needs for talent-development. Education for innovation-type of medical talents will promote the emerging of excellent medical technology and medical means for development of the clinical medicine in China. Teachers should adequately recognize the importance of creative education for cultivating the innovative ability of medical students, and foster the education for innovation-type of medical talents by means of various education modes.

Key words:
Creative education; Medical students; Innovative ability


Starting from the data of sunshine duration and percentage of sunshine observed at Lingyuan Meteorological Station,Kazuo Meteorological Station and Yangshan Meteorological Station at upstream of Xiaoling River in west Liaoning from 1961 to 2010 and with modern climatological statistical and diagnostic techniques, we analyze both annual and crop-growth-seasonal variation trend and mutation characteristics of light resources in this area. The results show that in the past 50 years,annual total solar energy,annual total hours of sunshine, crop-growth-seasonal total solar energy and crop-growth-seasonal total hours of sunshine all experienced a fluctuant decrease,with the decreasing speed of 1.964 MJ/(m2·10 a), 56.224 h/10 a,1.357 MJ/(m2·10 a) and 38.705 h/10 a;the mutation of annual total solar energy and annual total hours of sunshine appeared at the year of 1979 and 1985,with the decrease of 5.5 MJ/m2and 162 h after the mutation;the crop-growth-seasonal total solar energy and crop-growth-seasonal hours of sunshine experienced a continuous decrease and there exists no mutation in the their data. We think to learn through the rules of light energy changes with the climate change in the upstream of Xiaoling River in west Liaoning creates a positive inspire for our proper exploitation of light resources with efficient handling of climate change.


Different approaches have been presented to classify web documents. The low precision of classification and low flexibility of models presented to classify web documents can however be mentioned as major problems among them. In this paper, we intend to model users' behavior by the ant colony algorithm to classify WebPages. This method is based on the idea that if users sequentially browse some WebPages, then these pages are the same and will be classified in one group. This of-course will apply if the user does not pause on a page until the threshold time and continuously performs their survey process. If a site has several users with different tastes and interests to visit the WebPages accordingly, then the site webpages will be classified into several groups according to users' tastes. By allocating an ant to each user in the proposed method & the amount of the pheromone existing on the users' survey graphs manes, it will be specified that which documents are similar and lie in one group of users' interests. Users will also be classified in cointerest groups using this same ants survey graph. The results of this study can be used in proposing and classification systems based on the documents users' behavior or documents clustering. Simulations results have shown that the proposed method enjoys higher precision compared with previous methods.


: The magnetic properties of the Fe 1 − x Ag x Cr 2 S 4 (0 < x < 0.2) solid solution were investigated in the temperature range 4–300 K in a DC field of 0.1 and 45 kOe. Fe 1 − x Ag x Cr 2 S 4 is characterized by the transition temperature from the paramagnetic to the ferromagnetic state (T c ) and the irreversibility temperature (T irr ). The replacement of iron with silver ions in Fe 1 − x Ag x Cr 2 S 4 leads to an increase in the Curie temperatures from 185 K (x = 0) to 216 K (x = 0.2) and T cusp from 45 K (x = 0) to 125 K (x = 0.2). A section of the Fe 1 − x Ag x Cr 2 S 4 magnetic phase diagram in the region under study has been constructed. The diagram reveals the following regions: paramagnetic, ferromagnetic, region of conditionally recurrent spin-glass (SG), and below 10 K a region associated with orbital ordering.


Species richness (S) and abundance of small mammals were studied for a total of 10,800 trap nights during autumn 1985 and 1986 in a mixed-oak (Quercus spp.) forest in central Pennsylvania, part of which was irrigated with wastewater (chlorinated sewage effluent). Understory tree and shrub densities were less (P 0.05) between irrigated and nonirrigated sites, whereas numbers of white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) and southern red-backed voles (Clethrionomys gapperi) were higher (P < 0.05) on irrigated sites. Populations of P. leucopus on irrigated sites also had significantly greater proportions of adults than on nonirrigated sites.


Bioassay-guided fractionation of an active organic extract of Piper caninum, using a sensitive yeast assay to monitor putative double-strand DNA-damaging activity, resulted in the isolation of the 4,5-dioxoaporphine alkaloid cepharadione A (1). Compound 1 exhibited potent inhibitory activity in a yeast cytotoxicity assay with IC(50) values of 50.2 nM toward RS321NpRAD52 grown on glucose versus 293 nM toward the same yeast strain grown on galactose.


Paleoparasitology is a discipline that search for endo and ectoparasites helping in the identification of disease and migration. The success of these analyses is influenced by the quality of the samples. Thus, this manual aims to guide anthropologists, archaeologists, paleontologists and other professionals involved in excavations and / or curators of museum collections to collect samples for studies of parasites and food remains in old materials. This text provides the guidelines to collect coprolites and sediments from human burials, fauna, structures used to dump waste and skeletal collections, and how to avoid contamination and to store samples. The close collaboration between sampling procedures and laboratory study will have as consequence better information to help in the reconstruction of past living conditions.


Background: Calcification of root (calcific metamorphosis) is usually seen as defensive reaction of pulp to trauma. Intensity of trauma/hit, time span since trauma, pulp response to trauma are multiple factor deciding degree of calcification. Calcification may be seen partially or entirely in root canal. Usually calcified tooth remain asymptomatic, but when tooth becomes symptomatic endodontic treatment need to be done. Treatment of calcified canal is challenge to dentist. Case report: A female patient reported to the department of conservative dentistry and endodontics at sharad pawar dental college with chief complain of pain in upper front region of jaw. On radiographic examination calcified root canal was associated with upper anterior teeth. Root canal treatment was planned for calcified tooth. Access opening was carried out using BR45. To achieve patency within canal file#8, 10 were used, but initally patency could not be achieved due to calcified canal. With help of chelating agents 17% EDTA liquid and gel and small size K file #8,10 canal negotiation was carried out to achieve patency. Working lengh was then determined and canal was instrumented. Naocl, EDTA was used as intermittent irrigant. Final rinse was done using 2%CHX. Canal was obturated using cold lateral condensation technique followed by permanent restoration. Entire procedure was carried out under magnification. Conclusion: Calcified canal treatment is bit tedious then routine endodontic procedure. But it can be managed if procedure is carried out under proper illumination, magnification, CBCT, understanding root canal anatomy, use of dye, modified access bur, files, chelating agent, irrigants and irrigation activation system.


The specific heat of the diluted magnetic semiconductors Hg1-x-yCdyFexSe has been measured for temperatures below 25K. The excess specific heat (Cm) has been extracted by scaling of nonmagnetic lattice contributions. The resulting Cm of these systems reveals a broad maximum at T?10 K, whereas for low temperatures a Schottky-type exponential decay of Cm can be observed. These phenomena can be fairly well understood on the basis of a simple crystal-field model and a random distribution of Fe2+. On the other hand, no drastic effect of the energy gap is clearly reflected by our data and therefore we suggest that only Fe2+ states involving the valence bands dominate the antiferromagnetic d-d interactions, analogously to the Mn2+ case.


We present the results of Large Eddy Simulation of a turbulent jet discharging into a confined slot with the wall spacing to jet inlet width ratio = 0.1 and Re = 104. The jet exhibits a meandering motion accompanied by formation of checkerboard pattern of large vortices in the mixing layer. A passive scalar transport was simulated with uniform inlet distribution of the scalar. It was found that the fluctuations of spanwise velocity component grow downstream and their maximum location is migrating from the lateral boundaries of the jet (free-shear layers) to the wall-boundary layers. Some evidence of counter-gradient turbulent scalar transport was found in the mixing layers of the jet, which may be attributed to the influence of observed large-scale checkerboard-type vortices.


Extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) are nectar‐secreting glands found on plants independent of their flowers. EFNs are diverse in form, present on a wide variety of plants, and their secretions are known to recruit ants. However, much less information has been published on insects with known EFN associations other than ants. Two distinct species groups of Orasema Cameron (Hymenoptera: Eucharitidae) deposit their eggs close to the EFNs of their plant hosts. The simulatrix group comprises six species found in deserts and xeric shrublands of the southwestern United States and Mexico. This species group is revised, retaining O. aureoviridis, O. beameri and O. simulatrix as valid species, and describing O. cancellata sp.n., O. difrancoae sp.n. and O. zahni sp.n. The wayqecha group is from Peru and Colombia and includes the newly described O. wayqecha sp.n. and O. quadrimaculata sp.n. Members of the simulatrix group oviposit near EFNs of Chilopsis linearis Cav. (Bignoniaceae), Prosopis glandulosa Torr. (Fabaceae), Prosopis velutina Wooton (Fabaceae) and Populus angustifolia James (Salicaceae), whereas Orasema wayqecha oviposit on leaves of two species in the family Primulaceae. Monophyly of the two species groups is proposed based on a molecular analysis of ribosomal (28S and 18S) and mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) DNA, morphological features of the adults and planidia larvae, and their shared behavioural association with EFNs. Adults of both species groups have an expanded postgena that encloses the mouthparts, but are otherwise morphologically divergent. The planidia of both groups also share several features, including long cerci that may facilitate their movements within EFNs. Oviposition near EFNs is proposed as a means of increasing encounter rates of the first‐instar larvae with their myrmicine ant host; however, it remains unclear whether the planidia are transported directly by the foraging workers of their host Pheidole (Formicidae: Myrmicinae) or indirectly with the help of an intermediate host.


Introduction: Pneumonia is an acute infection of the lungs and can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, chemical exposure or the influence of other infections. Pneumonia is one of the diseases that cause the most deaths in the world after diarrhoea. Pneumonia caused by several microorganisms includes Haemophilus influenza type B (HiB), Streptococcus pneumonia, influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The use of antibiotics is now one of the important treatments for the management of pneumonia. However, with the challenge of antimicrobial resistance, therapy is needed to eradicate pathogens and prevent resistance. One probiotic drink that has potential in the treatment of pneumonia is kefir. The development of science now shows the potential of kefir probiotic drinks to prevent pneumonia infection.
Discussion: This literature study proves that probiotic drinks have an antibacterial effect to prevent pneumonia infection. The complex content of probiotic bacteria between specific lactic acid bacteria, acetic acid-producing bacteria and lactose and non-lactose fermenting bacteria that symbiotic with each other stimulates the immune system to be used for pathogens of pneumonia infection. The component of probiotic bacteria in kefir can reduce the level of antibiotic and antimicrobial consumption which can complicate the treatment of pneumonia infections.
Conclusion: Probiotic drinks from kefir which have a high content of probiotic bacteria can reduce the risk of pneumonia infection


THE oestrous or progestational changes produced in the sex organs of ovariectomized rats by injections of oestrogens alone, or in combination with progesterone, were described in our previous paper (Korenchevsky and Hall). ' The metaplastic changes found in the uterine epithelium of some of these rats were sufficiently important to make further histological investigation necessary. These changes are described in the present paper. The interest of the results obtained lies in the fact that the metaplastic changes were produced in the short period of 3 to 4 weeks with comparatively moderate doses of oestrogens, and that this pathological condition could be considerably decreased or, in most cases, completely prevented by the simultaneous administration of a moderate dose of progesterone.


. Recruitment, migration, growth and longevity of populations of Penaeus semisulcatus along the southeastern coast of the Mediterranean were investigated. The general pattern of the life cycle of P. semisulcatus and the parameters affecting it were identified.

Relative population density, measured by catch per unit effort, as well as relative age estimated by age group body length were used to study the pattern of the benthic phase of the life cycle.


The primary focus of this research was to investigate the parameters that influence the wear rate of a hybrid composite material. The parameters used are the percentages of two reinforcements used, applied weight, and sliding velocity. The methodology involves the production of the hybrid composite utilizing the stir casting process. The ASTM G99 standard is used to evaluate the produced composite materials utilizing a pin-on-disc equipment. The testing settings include changing weights of 10 [N], 20 [N], and 30 [N], as well as sliding velocities of 1 [m.s -1 ], 2 [m.s -1 ], and 3 [m.s -1 ] using RSM technique. The obtained results of wear rate for the composite materials were analyzed for the most influencing parameter and it was found that the sliding velocity is the major factor influencing the wear rate followed by applied load. The weight percentage of cenosphere and weight percentage of MoS 2 are least influencing factors in linear terms and the applied load factor was the only factor having influence in square term also. Interaction plot shows the combinational effect of the weight percentage of cenosphere - weight percentage of MoS 2 , weight percentage of MoS 2 – applied load, weight percentage of MoS 2 – sliding velocity and applied load – sliding velocity majorly influencing the wear rate. The weight percentage of cenosphere and MoS 2 found to have a significant influence on the wear behaviour of the composite material even though their percentage contribution is relatively low and the wear rate decreases as the weight percentage of cenosphere and MoS 2 tends to increase.


H.R.H. the Prince op Wales, who is at present home on leave, formally opened ithe Prince of Wales' Hospital for Limbless Sailors and Soldiers, Cardiff, on Wednesday, February 20. His Eoyal Highness's visit was of a semi-private nature, and the opening ceremony of a simple character, in accordance with His Eoyal Highness's expressed wish. The hospital was opened for the reception of patients in May 1917, and over 300 artificial limbs have already been fitted. The formal opening was delayed, however, in the hop? that the Prince of Wales would be able to visit Cardiff for the purpose, seeing that the hospital had been named after His Eoyal Highness with his express permission. An interesting feature of the visit will foe the presentation to His Eoyal Highness by the donors of cheques for one thousand guineas or upwards for the Endowment Fund of ?100,000 to establish the hospital permanently as a memorial


In order to give full play to the advantages of wireless sensor and make use of the restriction of it, it is very important to study and design the proper routing protocol and data fusion. In this paper, the basic structure, characteristics and classification of wireless sensor networks were discussed systematically, and several typical routing protocols were introduced and compared. Based on the analysis of existing network layer routing protocols and key technologies, the network layer routing protocols and their key technologies in wireless sensor networks were studied. Finally, the conclusions that the data compression rate is basically a fixed value, and the influence of the depth of the ternary tree is very small, which can greatly increase the scalability of the network were drawn.


Modeling Exposure to Persistent Chemicals in Hazard and Risk Assessment Christina E. Cowan-Ellsberry, Michael S. McLachlan* † , Jon A. Arnot ‡ , Matthew MacLeod § , Thomas E. McKone ║ , Frank Wania # The Procter & Gamble Company P.O. Box 538707 Cincinnati, OH 45253-8707, USA † Department of Applied Environmental Science (ITM) Stockholm University SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden The Canadian Environmental Modelling Centre Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zurich Wolfgang Pauli-Strasse 10 Zurich, Switzerland CH-8093 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Environmental Energy Technologies Division School of Public Health University of California Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences University of Toronto Scarborough Toronto, Ontario, Canada M1C 1A4 November 2008 This work was supported in part by the US EPA through Interagency Agreement DW-89- 93058201-1 with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory through the US DOE under Contract Grant No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.


them. From a practical standpoint attention has been chiefly focussed on determining whether benign hyperplasia, as the commoner condition, plays any part in influencing the onset of malignancy. Some guidance on this point may be provided by the usual sites of the two diseases. Whereas benign hyperplasia arises in the inner periurethral group of prostatic glands, the consensus of histological opinion favours the outer zone of peripheral glands as the primary site of origin for cancer. Though it is not uncommon clinically for cancer to coexist with hyperplasia, the early malignant lesion is characteristically discrete, and the occasional chance detection of unsuspected cancer in an enucleated or resected "adenomatous prostate" may generally be ascribed to infiltration. Consequently simple enucleation prostatectomy-the removal ofthe benign adenomatous element-does not confer immunity from the possible later development of cancer in the residual peripheral remnant of the gland. But can the presence of benign hyperplasia, by either its proximity or other local effect, predispose to malignant change in the remainder of the organ? Alternatively, could some unknown factor, possibly hormonal or immunological, account for both benign and malignant prostatic disease? Fortunately neither possibility receives any support from the findings of a recent retrospective review undertaken under the auspices of the Lahey Clinic Foundation.' Over 800 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were matched and compared with a similar series of controls over a period of more than 10 years. The average age of entry into the study was 63 years for both patients and controls, with 66% of both groups in the 60-69 year age group; 23% were below the age of60 and 11% were 70 or over. Transurethral resection was performed in 89-5% of the patients with prostatic hyperplasia, suprapubic subtotal prostatectomy in 9.9%, and perineal prostatectomy in 0.6%. A condition for inclusion in the study was a pathological report on the resected tissue that was negative for cancer. In the event 24 patients (benign hyperplasia) and 26 controls subsequently developed cancer -a proportion corresponding closely to the natural expectancy of the disease according to age, and giving no indication of cause or effect. If any criticism were to be made of the study it might be levelled at the justification of excluding cancer purely on the basis of histological examination of resected prostatic material. However, from the duration of the review and the stringent guidelines imposed, there seems little reason to doubt the validity of the findings, which confidently exclude benign enlargement of the prostate as either a premalignant condition or a cause of cancer.


Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) is an opportunistic pathogen now acknowledged as an urgent threat to human health because it is multi-drug resistant bacteria. The role of food as reservoir or carrier of Kp is under investigation, at the same time the optimization of the method to detect Kp in food is ongoing. The study was aimed to detect Kp in carrots using conventional method and to screen Real-time PCR performances, targeting intergenic sequence between zur and khe, based on INRA and Pasteur Institute method

 A total of 60 samples of carrots were tested. The samples (25 g) were added to 225 ml of Buffered peptone water and incubated at 37 °C and at 44 °C for 24h. After incubation broths were subjected to Real-Time PCR, and one loop streaked on SCAI + inositol agar. Plates were then incubated at 37 °C and at 44 °C for 48 h. After incubation a maximum of 5 typical colonies were selected, subcultered on Nutritive agar and identified by MALDI-TOF MS.

 The RT PCR gave 29 positive samples, according to the presence of Kp detected at least in one of the two temperature conditions of broths incubation and 31 negative samples. Conventional culture gave, instead, 13 positive and 47 negative samples. Discordance was highlighted in 16 samples, all positives in RT-PCR and negatives with culture method.

 Real-Time PCR gave not false negative results, then PCR decrease the time needed to perform the detection in negative samples. The discordance of results could be linked to lack of selectivity of the SCAI agar + inositol, not able to distinguish colonies of Klebsiella spp. Vs similar colonies not Klebsiella spp., the presence of DNA and not viable cells. The process of validation of the detection method is still ongoing, trying to improve selectivity using two selective media for plating. It's necessary to do new trials and to select more typical colonies to increase the probability to detect Kp colonies.

 Real-Time PCR is able to detect all positive samples, and to shorten the length of the analytical method. To improve sensibility of the analytical method more selective media need to be used.


Innovative research has been done to develop and validate the performance of low-pH concrete used in high level radioactive nuclear waste containment structures. The unique type of concrete is used for deposition tunnel end plugs acting as hydraulic and mechanical barriers in Finland's deep underground repository. Due to long-term material safety requirements, the concrete pH leachate must be lower than normal, thus the concrete mixtures have been made with very low amounts of cement while utilizing 40% or more of alternative binders such as silica fume and fly ash. The mixtures must also have high workability, thus the research has focused on both rheology and high durability performance to ensure the long service life in the challenging environmental conditions. It was possible to achieve two different mixtures, having compressive strengths over 50 MPa, adiabatic temperature rise under 10°C, minimal shrinkage, extremely low permeability and a pH under 11 in groundwater leachate. These excellent performance results provide two new potential concrete alternatives, either as binary or ternary blends of binder, to be used in nuclear repository conditions very long-service life structures. The results are being utilized in the design specifications and construction of the Finnish repository facility of Posiva Oy.


BACKGROUND
Neural stem cells (NSC) in divide asymmetrically to generate a cell that retains stem cell identity and another that is routed to differentiation. Prolonged mitotic activity of the NSCs gives rise to the plethora of neurons and glial cells that wire the brain and nerve cord. Genetic insults, such as excess of Notch signaling, perturb the normal NSC proliferation programs and trigger the formation of NSC hyperplasias, that can later progress to malignancies. Hes proteins are crucial mediators of Notch signaling and in the NSC context they act by repressing a cohort of early pro-differentiation transcription factors. Downregulation of these pro-differentiation factors makes NSC progeny cells susceptible to adopting an aberrant stem cell program. We have recently shown that Hes overexpression in Drosophila leads to NSC hyperplasias that progress to malignant tumours after allografting to adult hosts.

METHODS
We have combined genetic analysis, tissue allografting and transcriptomic approaches to address the role of Hes genes in NSC malignant transformation.

RESULTS
We show that the E(spl) genes are important mediators in the progression of Notch hyperplasias to malignancy, since allografts lacking the E(spl) genes grow much slower. We further present RNA profiling of Hes-induced tumours at two different stages after allografting. We find that the same cohort of differentiation-promoting transcription factors that are repressed in the primary hyperplasias continue to be downregulated after transplantation. This is accompanied by an upregulation of stress-response genes and metabolic reprogramming.

CONCLUSIONS
The combination of dedifferentiation and cell physiology changes most likely drive tumour growth.


The wavenumber integration model is the most precise approach for assessing arbitrary horizontally stratified media within the sphere of computational ocean acoustics. Unlike the normal-mode approach, it considers not only discrete spectra but also continuous spectral components, resulting in fewer model approximation errors for horizontally stratified media. Traditionally, the depth-separated wave equation in the wavenumber integration model has been solved using analytical and semianalytical methods, and numerical solutions have been primarily based on the finite difference and finite element methods. This paper proposes an algorithm for solving the depth equation via the Chebyshev–Tau spectral method, combined with a domain decomposition strategy, resulting in the development of a numerical program named WISpec. The algorithm can simulate the sound field excitation not only from a point source but also from an infinite line source. To that end, the depth equations for each layer are first discretized through the Chebyshev–Tau spectral method and subsequently solved simultaneously by incorporating boundary and interface conditions. Representative numerical experiments are presented to validate the accuracy and speed of WISpec. The high degree of consistency of results obtained from different software tools running the same configuration provides ample evidence that the numerical algorithm described in this paper is accurate, reliable, and numerically stable.


1. Three members of a family with a haemorrhagic tendency are described. The hereditary features of the condition are presented, with the suggestion that the bleeding tendency is inherited either through a recessive gene or through a dominant gene with poor penetrance.

2. The deficient factor in the coagulation mechanism of these patients is shown to be associated with prothrombin activation. The children of the affected individuals, though without symptoms, are shown to have a mild coagulation defect of the same type. Other factors concerned in blood coagulation, viz. platelets, calcium, and fibrinogen, are normal. The deficiency is reflected in the prolongation of the prothrombin time as estimated by Quick's one-stage method.

3. Experimental evidence is produced showing that the patients' plasma contained a normal concentration of prothrombin, but that the labile factor of Quick (ac-globulin of Seegers; factor v of Owren) was lacking.

4. The first reported case of an undoubtedly similar deficiency was that of Owren (1947). In Owren's patient, however, the condition did not appear to be hereditary. More recent reports by Frank, Bilhan, and Ekren (1950) and de Vries, Matoth, and Shamir (1951) bear out the hereditary nature of the condition.

5. Fresh plasma has been found therapeutically effective in controlling the haemorrhages. The alterations in prothrombin time after transfusions were compared during haemorrhage and when no bleeding was taking place. From the results it is concluded that the deficient factor acts like a catalyst, and not as a substance used up during clot-formation.

6. Observations were made on the effect of vitamin K, protamine sulphate, and aminophylline on the level of the labile factor in the plasma. Varied fluctuations in the prothrombin time made it difficult to form conclusions as to the way in which any of these substances might alter it, especially if the change brought about was a small one. No regular pattern of fluctuation could be detected in the course of days or weeks.


With the emerging of global economy and the development of the technology in computer and communications, the enterprises are facing to new opportunities but also more challenges, which led to the concept of SC (Supply Chain). By controlling and collaborating each part of the supply chain, SCM (Supply Chain Management) reaches the aim of reducing the cost, improving the quality as well as service level, and so on, further enhances the integrated competition ability of the whole supply chain. SCM includes many aspects of the management activity, and the inventory management is one of the key aspects among them. In this chapter, the research focuses on inventory control strategy optimization related to activities, such as the purchase, production, storage and transportation of material, work in process and finished goods inventory within up-stream and down-stream enterprises along the serial supply chain. The main research aspects are as follows: 1. To review the state of art of inventory control strategies of supply chain. 2. Supply chain inventory control strategy optimization is based on the simulation of supply chain inventory system. So, in this chapter, the general model of serial supply chain inventory control strategy is addressed. 3. Model for single objective control strategy optimization is established, which describes the optimization problem of serial supply chain inventory control strategy with the objective of minimum cost and the constraint of the customer service level and average input standard deviation. 4. The algorithm of GA (Genetic Algorithm), Random-PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) and PEA (Pheromone Evolutionary Algorithm) are designed for the model. Simulation studies suggested that each of the algorithms can solve this problem efficient, and Random –PSO algorithm is most efficient one. O pe n A cc es s D at ab as e w w w .in te ch w eb .o rg


Abstract The following short article is important for several reasons. It illustrates the fact that despite the extremely exacting nature of crystallography, it is still difficult for even the most experienced mineralogists to instantly and on-sight identify all forms and twin laws for even the most common species, no matter how large and perfect the crystals. For the observant collector, interesting and occasionally unidentified or questionably identified specimens still abound, many times at prices all of us can afford. Therein lies the challenge and, to a large degree, the charm of mineral collecting.


Many concurrency models have been developed for high-level programming languages such as Java. A trend here is towards more flexible concurrency control protocols, going beyond the original Java multi-threading treatment based on lexically-scoped concurrency control mechanism. Two proposals supporting flexible, non-lexical concurrency control are the lock-handling via the Lock-classes in Java5 and Transactional Featherweight Java (TFJ), an extension of Featherweight Java by transactions. Even if these two take quite different approaches towards dealing with concurrency —"pessimistic" or lock-based vs. "optimistic" or based on transactions— the added flexibility of non-lexical use of the corresponding concurrency operators comes at a similar price: improper usage leads to run-time exceptions and unwanted behavior. This is in contrast with the more disciplined use under a lexically scoped regime, where each entrance to a critical region is syntactically accompanied by a corresponding exit (as e.g. with traditional synchronized methods or as with so-called atomic blocks).To assure safe use of locking, resp. transactions in these settings, we present in this paper abstractions in the form of two static type and effect systems, which make sure that for instance, no lock is released by a thread which does not hold it, resp., that no commit is executed outside any transaction. We furthermore compare the two mentioned approaches to concurrency control on the basis of these type abstractions.


Common-mode voltage output is closely associated with switching states in three-phase three-wire neutral point clamped converter. Detailed analysis shows avoiding redundant states can effectively improve the common-mode voltage, so this paper proposes a pulse width modulation (PWM) technique with zero redundant state to reduce the common-mode voltage output, and evaluates their performance with the conventional PWM schemes. This paper also takes the compensation of neutral point potential deviation into consideration. Laboratory test results are presented to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.


Since the flow in tubular pumping systems is basically along axial direction and passes symmetrically through the impeller, most satisfying the basic hypotheses in the design of impeller and having higher pumping system efficiency in comparison with vertical pumping system, they are being widely applied to low‐head pumping engineering. In a pumping station, the fluctuation of water levels in the sump and discharge pool is most common and at most time the pumping system runs under off‐design conditions. Hence, the operation of pump has to be flexibly regulated to meet the needs of flow rates, and the selection of regulation method is as important as that of pump to reduce operation cost and achieve economic operation. In this paper, the three dimensional time‐averaged Navier‐Stokes equations are closed by RNG κ‐e turbulent model, and two tubular pumping systems with different regulation methods, equipped with the same pump model but with different designed system structures, are numerically simulated respe...


Received: 16.07.2019 Accepted: 18.11.2019 Online: 23.01.2020 The issues with traditional maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) testing include an inability to regulate intensity due to fixed resistance and a lack of conscious decision making during the test (Noakes, 2008). Depending on the test and conditions, some athletes do not reach V̇O2max despite reaching volitional exhaustion, and in this case, the result is recorded as the highest, or peak oxygen uptake attained in this test, known as V̇O2peak. To investigate this, a study was conducted to determine if a field-based test would result in a higher V̇O2peak value than a lab-based test. Twelve highly trained cyclists performed a 20w/minute ramp test on a cycle ergometer and a 3.2km hill climb on their own racing bike wearing a portable gas analyser (MetaMax 3b, Cortex GmbH, Leipzig, Germany). A paired t-test revealed that the hill climb resulted in a higher but not statistically significant absolute V̇O2peak: lab 5.49 ± 0.8 L·min vs. field 5.59 ± 0.7 L·min, p = .189 and relative V̇O2peak: lab 71.9 ± 10.0 ml·kg·min vs. field 74.0 ± 9.9 ml·kg·min, p = .060. Additionally, field testing resulted in a significantly higher RERmax: lab 1.07 ± 0.0 vs. field 1.16 ± 0.1, p = .019, end lactate: lab 9.24 ± 1.6 mmol·L vs. field 11.99 ± 2.3 mmol·L, p = .039, and 5-minute-post lactate: lab 7.56 ± 1.4 mmol·L vs. field 11.87 ± 2.0 mmol·L, p < 0.001. There was no difference in HRmax between tests: lab 187.9 ± 11.6 b·min vs. field 187.6 ± 10.6 b·min, p = .952. Slightly higher V̇O2peak values recorded during the field test may be explained by the closedloop format allowing riders to pace their effort better, the cooling effect of the wind outdoors, freedom to ride out-the-saddle (leading to greater muscle recruitment), or perhaps the sub-optimal length of the lab test 20.4 ± 3.0 mins vs 8.4 ± 1.2 mins field test. Findings suggest the increased ecological validity of field testing led to higher (but not statistically significant) V̇O2peak values and can be considered a viable alternative to labbased testing if a climb with suitable length and gradient is available.


The decision of young drivers to drink and drive is influenced by various determinisms: self perception of intoxication, environmental pressures, possibility of alternative behaviour. For example, we know from previous works that three types of self-estimates of BAC exist. underestimators, overestimators, even estimators. The probability or the frequency of drunk driving are different between the three groups. Five breathanalyzers have been set up in five French discos. We have conducted interviews with a sample of French young drivers (N=71). The interviews, the subjective estimates and the objective measures of BAC took place when the young driver was entering the disco and when he was leaving. We will present: the correlates of under- or over-estimation of BAC (age, sex, social background, traffic safety records, attitudes); the implications for road safety of: the underestimation and over-estimation of BAC by young people, the introduction of breathanalyzers in discos and bars; an analysis of young drivers attitudes, knowledge and opinions (for example, knowledge about the legal limit, about the impairment thresholds; strategies used for decision making of young riders such as the evaluation of the state of drunkenness of a driver; opinions about the effects of alcohol on driving, the countermeasures of DUI; etc.)


This article summaries the situation of port logistics information platform construction of Shanghai,Tianjin,Qindao and Ningbo,and reveals five problems in this field.Through the example of designing the port logistics information platform,it puts forward five tactical proposals: integrated lead and enhancing coordination,government taking part in investment and sharing equal profit,regional unifying program and developing the platform,together,third parties implementing under the government push and operation following up the market system,more international cooperation and joint fostering talent with colleges.


Clustering algorithms are used in wide varieties of fields in many contexts. In these cases the behavior of the datasets are different to each other. Their sizes, density or the distribution may vary from one another. In data mining, clustering algorithms are implemented to build clusters with respect to a given dataset. But it is not an easy task to find the most suitable clustering algorithm for the given dataset. Therefore this study is done on several datasets using four clustering algorithms to identify the most suitable algorithm. This study is based on comparison of clustering data mining algorithms by using WEKA machine learning software.


Objective To analyse the cause of low vision after the non-phaco small incision cataract extraction surgery and intraocular lens implantation.Methods Of 54 eyes(54 cases) out of the 500 eyes(500 cases) with low vision(0.3 of international visual acuity test thart) 3 months after non-phaco cataract surgery were analysed.Results Among 54 low vision eyes,10 eyes(18.52%) including after-cataract 5 eyes,uveitis 3 eyes,corneal edema and decompensation 2 eyes were complications related to the operation,and 44 eyes(81.48%) including high myopia macutopathy 13 eyes,senile macular degeneration 12 eyes,diabefic retinopathy 5 eyes,vitereous opacity 3 eyes,lenkoma 3 eyes,glancomatous optic nerve damage 2 eyes,pigmenary degeneration of retina 2 eyes,fraumatic updrawn pupil 2 eyes,optic atrophy 1 eye,and old chorioretinopathy 1 eye were not related to the operation.


The tidal freshwater monitoring (TFM) project reported herein is part of the research, monitoring, and evaluation effort developed by the Action Agencies (Bonneville Power Administration, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers [USACE], and the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation) in response to obligations arising from the Endangered Species Act (ESA) as a result of operation of the Federal Columbia River Power System. The project is being performed under the auspices of the Northwest Power and Conservation Council's Columbia Basin Fish and Wildlife Program (Project No. 2005-001-00). The research is a collaborative effort among the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, the National Marine Fisheries Service, and the University of Washington.


The complete teaching should include basic theory teaching and socail practice these two main parts.Now the basic theory is running well in most colleges,whereas the socail practice is not really pracricable.The main reason is that we haven't actually understood it.We preliminarily discussed the connotation,status and the function of socail practice in this article.


In order to solve the problems of the coal mining wall spalling and the roof falling at the front of the powered support in the coal mining face in an extreme broken and soft seam,taking the fully mechanized top coal caving mining in No.9 extreme broken and soft seam as an engineering background,the paper analyzed the features of the conventional fully mechanized top coal caving mining technique.In combination with the site engineering practices,a study on a holding mining top coal caving mining technique with non beam distance was conducted.The features would be that with the length expansion of the powered support beam,thus a coal mining operation could be conducted under the non beam end distance.The expansion beam with a distance of 800 mm could ensure the pilot support.With the spade plate to level the top coal and the powered supports moved forward with pressures,the coal wall spalling could be applied for coal mining.According to the echnioue feafures,the rational three machines matched technology was provided for the coal mining technique and applied to the industrial trial in Luling Mine under the special geological conditions.The coal production of the coal mining face could be reached at 100 000 t per month with good benefits.


The present study aims to assess the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the Infidelity Questionnaire (INFQ). Specifically, INFQ assesses the possible elements of sexual and emotional infidelity. The instrument was translated through the back-translation strategy and revised by three panels. The validity and reliability of the INFQ were examined in the current study. Results showed that the Persian version of the infidelity questionnaire has reasonable internal consistency. The validity was achieved when the results showed that there were significant relationships between personality issues and seduction, leisure activities and social background, and between parenting, social background and sexuality. These findings proved the validity and applicability of the Persian version of INFQ in the Iranian community.


This report contains a summary of the findings resulting from the BT-funded research project entitled 'Families and the Internet', 1999-2001. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors.


Tonsillitis is a very common clinical condition in E.N.T practice. The aim of this study is to find out the age distribution, the causative pathogenic organisms and their antibiotic sensitivity, in cases of Acute tonsillitis attending our OPD.


The invention discloses an improved synthesis method of 2-nitro-4-substituted phenylacetic acid. The synthesis method is characterized by comprising the steps of: nitrifying 4-substituted halogeno benzene used as a raw material in a polar solvent by using a mixed acid of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid to obtain 2-X-5-substituted nitrobenzene; carrying out substitution with excess malonic methyl ester nitrile or ethyl cyanoacetate on an alkaline condition; then reacting with excess concentrated hydrochloric acid to obtain 2-nitro-4-substituted benzyl cyanide; and finally hydrolyzing in a strong acid or strong alkaline aqueous solution to obtain the 2-nitro-4-substituted phenylacetic acid. Compared with the prior art, the synthesis method has the advantages of simple synthesis, no special demands on synthesis condition, high raw material convention rate, high overall yield of 40%-70%, no raw material surplus or generated needless by-products, no needs of additional operation process for removing raw material residual after reaction and separation by-products, no need of anhydrous solvents or equipment and no need of highly toxic substances; in addition, the synthesis method only needs to adopt filtering, extracting and other simpler separation processes for post-purification; and therefore, the synthesis method is quite suitable for industrialized production.


The Most Controversion Mode of Production The Antecedents of the Asiatic Mode of Production Marx and Engels on the Asiatic Mode of Production and India The Theory Dilemmas and Contradictions of the Asiatic Mode of Production The Asiatic Mode of Production and Varieties of Historical Materialism Wittfogel and Oriental Despotism The Asiatic Mode of Production and Indian History.


Abstract The UNIFAC group contribution method is applied for the prediction of the solubility of hydrocarbons in water. Liquid‐liquid binary interaction parameters were employed in the calculations. The average absolute deviation between the experimental and calculated solubilities is 23 percent which is a marked improvement over the results of previous applications of the UNIFAC method.


It is known that information systems play an important role in the company in providing useful information for the operation and management interests. Therefore, many companies use computer based information technology plays an important role in the process of presenting the information. So was UD TIRTA RAYA, a company engaged in mineral water sales in Yogyakarta. UD TIRTA RAYA still uses a manual system to handle activities such as recording transactions and preparing reports. In this context, there is an interesting question: How to design data processing system sales in the UD TIRTA RAYA become more effective? In this case, the author tries to analyze the points of discussion and the results are intended to provide suggestions for UD TIRTA RAYA in managing information systems. In addition, the authors also recommend the UD TIRTA RAYA to always analyze whether the information system is feasible or not, so that can know whether or not the development of existing systems to meet the needs UD TIRTA RAYA itself with the aim of providing better services for customers.


The covering surfaces of a Hele-Shaw cell may be roughened mechanically, or modified by random chemical patches which change the wetting properties. We discuss first the quasi-static injection of a single fluid (with a finite contact angle θ e ) in an imperfect cell. The shape of the injected region depends critically on a dimensionless number τ (ratio of the boundary energy τ over the capillary energy fluctuations in one patch). At τ Analyse de l'injection quasistatique d'un fluide partiellement mouillant dans une cellule de Hele shaw


We investigate the behaviour of agents in bilateral contests within arbitrary network structures when valuations and efficiencies are heterogenous. These parameters are interpreted as measures of strength. We provide conditions for when unique, pure strategy equilibria exist. When a player starts attacking one player more strongly, others join in on fighting the victim. Different efficiencies in fighting make players fight those of similar strength. Centrality of a player (having more enemies) makes a player weaker and her opponents are more likely to attack with more effort.


The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study a new kind of strongly non-linear operator inclusions involving generalized m-accretive mapping in Banach spaces. By using the resolvent operator technique associated with the generalized m-accretive mappingdue to Huang and Fang, we prove the existence theorems of the solution for this kind of operator inclusions in Banach spaces, and discuss the convergence and stability of a new perturbed iterative algorithm with mixed errors for solving this class of nonlinear operator inclusions in Banach spaces. Our results improve and generalize the corresponding results of recent works.


The contribution of thiosulfate reductase to chlorate sensitivity in Salmonella typhimurium was examined. Electrophoresed extracts of nitrate-grown cells of both the wild type and a chlC mutant were shown to contain chlorate reductase activity of the same relative mobility as a thiosulfate reductase activity which was present in the chlC mutant, but not in the wild-type grown under these conditions. A mutation is phs, which is essential for thiosulfate reductase by S. typhimurium, was shown to confer some chlorate resistance in the wild-type background and to increase the chlorate resistance obtained with a chlC mutation. Finally, thiosulfate in the anaerobic growth medium was shown to protect a chlC mutant growing in the presence of chlorate, but it did not protect the wild type. The results are consistent with a picture in which thiosulfate reductase can function as a chlorate reductase in both the wild-type and chlC backgrounds, although its capacity to reduce thiosulfate is diminished by the presence of an active nitrate reductase encoded by chlC.


To prepare Ni(OH)2 of high electrochemical activity and bulk density,with urea and nickel nitrate as the raw materials,the ultrafine particles of nickel hydroxide is prepared with homogeneous sendimentation method.The optimum processing conditions are found through desinged orthogonal experiments.Microstructure and morphology of nickel hydroxide are investigated by means of IR,XRD and SEM.The results indicate that highyield and fine granular nickel hydroxide can be achieved when the temperature is above 95 ℃ and the mol rate of urea and nickel nitrate is 3∶1.Nickel hydroxide power in the diameter of 04~05 μm is available by controlling reaction conditions.


Dara Musher-Eizenman, Advisor Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors significantly contribute to poor health and obesity risk, which in turn impact chronic illness outcomes. Thus, improving individual health behaviors remains a vital target to improving overall well-being. A possible mechanism for improving health outcomes is to capitalize on the link between social movement involvement and overlapping health behaviors. Targeting social movement involvement may be a viable stealth intervention for health outcomes, utilizing intrinsic motivators to improve health without an explicit focus on changing health behavior. For the current study, two samples from the college population and the general population were recruited to participate in an online survey, which included measures of social movement involvement, social movement behaviors, and questionnaires on health outcomes. Results revealed that social movement-related behaviors mediated the relationship between social movement involvement and numerous health outcomes among both samples, particularly fruit and vegetable consumption, fiber intake, whole grain intake, and average daily MET minutes of physical activity in both samples. Additionally, no movement was significantly related to greater health indicators compared to the others in either sample. These findings suggest that behaviors associated with social movement involvement are an important mechanism in promoting health among social movement members. This research adds to existing literature on stealth interventions as a viable means of improving human health and social movements as a potential form of stealth intervention. SOCIAL MOVEMENTS AND HEALTH iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my advisor, Dara Musher-Eizenman, for her invaluable support and her dedication to the development of this project. I would also like to thank my committee members Abby Braden and Cathy Stein for their continued support and guidance. SOCIAL MOVEMENTS AND HEALTH iv


Rearrangement of α-amino acid or oligopeptide derived diazoketones in the presence of N-benzylbenzaldimine, α-amino acid, or tripeptide derived imines, respectively, led to peptidyl-substituted β-lactams. The trans-substituted diastereoisomers are formed exclusively.


A review of the region located between latitudes 12° and 20°S and longitudes 57° and 63°W, encompassed by Mato Grosso and Rondonia States (Brazil) and the eastern portion of Bolivia, is presented. Field, petrographic and geochronological data found in the literature were taken into account. Most of the work done since 1970 integrate regional mapping projects, not only by Brazilian, but by Bolivian institutions as well, the latter with the British Geological Survey (BGS). The Author of this review tried to gather information from 1943 to 1989, year in which he would continue the field work, aiming to his M. Sc, dissertation. Tragically, the Author passed away on 19th August, 1990. This review was his sole recovered work, presented as a seminar at the Geociences Institute at Sao Paulo University (IGc-USP). To homage their forever friend, geologist Francisco Joao de Sousa, his colleagues from the IGc-USP are publishing this work, with minor corrections of the original, in Revista Brasileira de Geociencias.


The article deals with the SCISIP program, which is a program for analysis of switched as well as general type electronic circuits. SCISIP is being developed in mathematical and programming tool Matlab. The reader can find the description of an open and modular structure of the program as well as the algorithms used in the simulation core. In the end one can find an example of the analysis of SI lossless integrator and its graphical results


Objective To detect recombinant Hantavirus antigens by using a quantum dots(QDs) fluorescent probe.Methods The probe of water-solubility QDs fluorescence nanoparticle was synthesized and modified with protein G and anti-HV Antibodies.We detected recombinant Hantavirus antigens by probe combining immune method,and optimized the detecting conditions.Results The optimum reaction time,pH and goat antibodies concentration for conjugating the QDs were 2 h,6.0,and 20 μg/ml,respectively.The limit of detection of recombinant antigens was 5 ng/ml.Conclusion The fluorescent probe could effectively recognize HV antigens.The method was specific,sensitive and convenient.We developed a new method for HV antigens detection.


BACKGROUND: Combining anti-PD-1/L1 antibodies and agents that restore cancer cell susceptibility to apoptosis may enhance antitumor activity. We report results from a phase 1b dose-expansion cohort of xevinapant, a first-in-class, oral, small-molecule IAP (inhibitor of apoptosis protein) inhibitor that restores cancer cell sensitivity to apoptosis, and avelumab (anti-PD-L1) in pts with advanced NSCLC.
 METHODS: The recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D; 28-day cycles of xevinapant 200 mg/day [days 1-10 and 15-24] + avelumab 10 mg/kg [days 1 and 15]) was previously established during the dose-escalation part of this phase 1, open-label study. In this dose-expansion cohort, pts with advanced NSCLC who progressed on first-line (1L) platinum-based chemotherapy (CTx) or anti-PD-1/L1 ± platinum-based CTx received xevinapant (at RP2D) + avelumab for 13 cycles. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) per RECIST 1.1. Secondary endpoints included duration of response (DoR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), safety, and pharmacokinetics (PK).
 RESULTS: 38 pts were treated: most had squamous cell carcinoma (45%) or adenocarcinoma (42%) of the lung, 11% had prior anti-PD-L1 therapy, 71% were men, and median age was 62 years (range, 35-75). 1 pt completed 13 cycles, and 37 permanently discontinued treatment; most common reasons were progressive disease (PD; 70%) and adverse events (AEs; 27%). ORR was 10.5% (95% CI 2.9-24.8). Best overall response (BOR): 4 pts had a confirmed partial response (PR), 19 had stable disease, and 15 had PD. Median DoR in responders was 15.9 months (95% CI 3.5-29.7); DCR was 60.5% (95% CI 43.4-76.0). Median PFS was 3.5 months (95% CI 1.9-5.1); median OS was 9.4 months (95% CI 6.7-16.2). Most pts (n=37; 97.4%) had treatment-emergent AEs (TEAEs); 21 (55.3%) had grade ≥3. Most common TEAEs were decreased appetite (n=13; 34.2%) and ALT increase (n=11; 28.9%). Nine pts died due to TEAEs; none were considered treatment-related. Xevinapant and avelumab PK were comparable to monotherapy at the same doses. In exploratory biomarker analyses, plasma IL-10 levels increased during the study treatment period. In blood, activated CD4 T cells and Tregs increased during cycle 1, and activated CD8 T cells increased during the treatment period; however, these did not correlate with antitumor activity. In tumor samples, low Ki67 expression was associated with BOR of PR (n=4), and increases in macrophages, Tregs, Th1 cells, and dendritic cells were associated with disease control.
 CONCLUSION: Xevinapant + avelumab had tolerable safety in pts with advanced NSCLC who progressed on 1L platinum-based CTx or anti-PD-1/L1 ± platinum-based CTx; however, the study did not meet its primary endpoint as antitumor activity was comparable to historic data for avelumab second-line monotherapy.
 Citation Format: Quincy Chu, Tudor Ciuleanu, Rodryg Ramlau, Daniel Renouf, Rosalyn Juergens, Ewa Kalinka, Piotr Sawrycki, Jonathan Bramson, Brad Nelson, Rafael Crabbé, Daniela A. Sahlender, Philippa Crompton, Elisabeth Rouits, Dany Spaggiari, Franck Brichory, Luke Piggott, Mike Schenker, Glenwood Goss. Xevinapant plus avelumab in patients (pts) with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Phase 1b dose-expansion results and exploratory biomarker analyses [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 2 (Clinical Trials and Late-Breaking Research); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(8_Suppl):Abstract nr CT202.


This bibliography contains 3832 citations, most with abstracts, from the DOE Energy Data Base concerning social and economic impacts of energy and resource development. The period from January 1975 through June 1980 is covered. References include books, monographs, journals, and reports. Included are references to impacts from the development and utilization of fossil fuels, nuclear energy, hydrogen, synthetic fuels, electric power, solar energy, geothermal energy, and other renewable energy sources. (DMC)


Chemical hybridizing agents (CHAs) are the key factor for producing hybrid seed in CHAs hybrid development system. Generally the field test was conducted to screen optimum CHAs and costs a lot and reguires a lot of labour. Based on the effects of CHAs on isoenzymes, the method of adding CHA (BAU-9403) in vitro was employed to test the possibility to screen CHAs in vitro. It was proved that CHA had similar effects on isoenzymes activity of peroxidase and esterase when added in vitro to field test but the effects on esterase was not distinct. The results suggested CHAs could be screened by in vitro methods and the further work is (valuable.)


ABSTRACT Scholars of Radclyffe Hall's fiction have focused primarily on her advocacy for human gender and sexual freedom; however, closer attention to human-animal connections in her work reveals concern for equity across species lines as well. The Well of Loneliness (1928) in many ways challenges the human-animal binary just as powerfully as it does gender and sexual binaries. By narrating multi-species relationships marked by kinetic body play, the novel suggests that eroticism can be a harmonizing force that traverses deeply-ingrained social boundaries between animals of all kinds. By examining the protagonist's interactions with her animal friends, I argue that Hall's text privileges intimate, unspoken gestures of body and voice over the more confining structures of human language. Hall also implements grammatical constructs in animal scenes that open possibilities for co-forming, co-shaping interrelationality, a narrative move that acknowledges and appreciates, rather than ignores, radical alterity between species. Ultimately, I argue, Hall envisions a rehabilitative ecological vision for human and nonhuman animals, writing all creatures as co-constitutive actors within the intimate spaces they share.


The effect of increasing reheat pressure on the exergy efficiency of a coal-fired steam power plant is investigated. The results show that although the irreversibility rate associated with heat transfer in the steam generator decreases as reheat pressure increases, the overall-plant exergy efficiency decreases, mainly owing to the relatively large decrease in shaft power output. The results suggest, therefore, that investigations into the effect of decreasing reheat pressure may be merited.


Dear Editor, Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma remains a difficult management problem despite recent advances in therapeutic techniques. The morbidity and mortality of treatment and disease still remains high. Several factors contribute to the poor prognosis, which include late advanced stage at initial presentation, significant co-existing co-morbidities and the high incidence of second primary carcinomas. A significant proportion of patients with head and neck cancer may present with one or all of these factors that render them unsuitable for curative treatment. In addition, patients may be unable to accept the morbidity of radical therapy and refuse treatment. It is important to understand the natural history of untreated head and neck cancer to counsel patients appropriately what is the likely sequela if no active treatment is provided. There is very little in the way of published data that allow significant insight into this important population of patients with head and neck cancer. The purpose of the study is to analyse and present the outcome of patients in our institution who have not undergone any form of curative treatment.


Values are a precipitate of behaviour. They are established predispositions of behaviour. They are what is attractive to a person, they operate as criteria for making judgment between alternative cause of action and they directly influence the quality of the person's behaviour and decision as a rule, the person adopts those values which help him to achieve the ends he desires and which are at the same time sanctioned by the group with which he is identified, his values are thus influenced by and are reflections of his personality. The main purpose of the research was to study the value of prospective teachers as they are the future teachers and many at times become the role models for their students. The researcher took 100 prospective teachers from two colleges of education under C.C S University. The sample was selected using random stratified sampling method. Teacher values inventory by Dr. (Mrs.) Harbhajan. L. Singh and Dr. S.P. Ahluwalia were used for the study. The analysis and interpretation of the data was done by calculating the Mean scores of the values and assigning ranks to those scores. The major findings of the study were: Male and female prospective teachers differ in their value and its Dimensions. The Male prospective teachers gave first preference to Aesthetic, Social, political, and theoretical value and female prospective teachers prominence to overall value, Religious and economic values.


This paper mainly studies initial stages support of the highway tunnel in the aeolian sand area with jet grouting pile pre-support.By using data analysis software FLAC,calculate the distributing rules of displacement and stress in space of the interaction in construction period,and carry on the qualitative analysis.Meanwhile,reference to existing weak rock stability evaluation method and analysis the surrounding rock evaluation criteria of the stability for the project,and then evaluate the stability of the interaction,in order to provide certain reference value for follow-up studies.


Controversial claims that proteinaceous residues have been detected on two-million–year-old stone tools from the stratigraphic unit Member five (M5) of the Sterkfontein site, South Africa, are examined through analysis of the microstratigraphy of M5's cemented breccia infill. This study was undertaken to determine the composition of the burial matrix and to understand the post-depositional processes at the site, as a means of examining the feasibility of proteinaceous residue preservation. Petrographic analysis of the samples revealed the main constituents of the M5 breccia to be calcite and clay. Two calcite structural types were observed, which may indicate two or more phases of cementation through calcification. The clay minerals appear to have bonded with the residues to create a fixed and stable environment. Chemical experiments found the M5 breccia had a relatively high potential for cation exchange and both rock types (breccia and dolomitic bedrock) were basic.


he Omnibus Reconciliation Act of 1987 requires all T nursing homes in the United States to complete the Minimum Data Set (MDS) for Medicare reimbursement.' In some states, the MDS is also required by Medicaid. Widespread use of the MDS has the potential to influence positively the quality of care provided to a large number of Americans, assuming this use is appropriate and scientifically justified. It is, therefore, essential to recognize the relative strengths and weaknesses of the instrument in order to capitalize on those strengths, utilizing methodology robust to its potential weaknesses. The premise of the study by Gruber-Baldini et al.' is that use of research-trained staff to complete the MDS (as has been done in most previous studies) may result in overly optimistic assessments of its reliability and validity compared with its actual field implementation. This is of critical concern because MDS data is being applied increasingly in research studies and as a guide to policy determination. In their study of 1939 new admissions to 59 nursing homes, Gruber-Baldini et al. address convergent and divergent construct validity of two MDS scales of cognitive impairment reported previously in the literature: the MDS Cognition Scale (MDS-COGS)3 and the Cognitive Performance Scale ( CPS).4 These scales are compared with several well known and accepted gold standard functional measures, including, among others, the MiniMental State Examination (MMSE)' and the Katz Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Index.6 Few studies to date have addressed MDS validity in a non-research setting. Also, few studies have addressed the validity of MDS scales developed by aggregating components. If the MDS-COGS and the CPS are proven to have acceptable convergent validity with regard to correlations with the MMSE (or other generally accepted measures of cognitive impairment), their use would then be justified in large epidemiological studies as proxies for the underlying dimension of cognitive impairment. Moreover, validation of the MDS cognitive scales against established gold standards would support their use in clinical management and in developing policies. Table 2 in the Gruber-Baldini et aL2 article demonstrates an extremely high correlation between the CPS4 and the MDS-COGS3 ( I = 0.91). This high correlation provides strong evidence of convergent validity between the two MDS scales. However, this assessment of convergent validity is biased as a result of the two scales sharing three of the same 10 MDS items. There is also a potentially much larger source of bias. Because some nursing homes hire specialists or assign a single employee to complete the MDS,7 these measures could be highly correlated, even if they were completely independent of patients' true cognitive states. The authors' report of validity against external (i.e., non-MDS) criteria through correlations with the MMSE is a much better assessment and does not suffer from these two sources of bias. The MMSE is a widely used and well respected screen for mental status impairment and, as such, serves well as a gold standard criterion. Moreover, it was determined in this study through direct assessment by research personnel (i.e., other than those who had completed the MDS). Correlations between the MMSE and the CPS and MDS-COGS were T = -0.63 and T = -0.68, respectively, supporting the authors' conclusions that the CPS and MDS-COGS are moderately valid measures of dementia when collected and applied to residents in nursing homes in the usual fashion. Inconsistencies between the MDS-derived measures and the MMSE were most marked in residents with at least moderately severe impairment. Moreover, Lawton et aL8 reported previously that the factor analytic structure leading to MDS composite indices was not confirmed for the subset of nursing home patients with cognitive impairment, thus further drawing attention to the relative weakness of the MDS in assessing the most cognitively disabled subset of nursing home residents.


deliver goods. There is also a tendency to cover everything in a training programme as training programmes are syllabi oriented. Consequently, it is difficult for a participant to grasp of what is covered. The evaluation of training could, therefore, be judged by four major areas, viz., (i) reactions of the participant, (ii) learning process, (iii) changes in behaviour, and (iv) results obtained as a result of this training. There is also considerable dearth of structured material on training. It is interestng to note that in a bibliography of select readings on police, prepared in 1978 by the Bureau of Police Research and Development, out of 131 readings only one article directly dealt with training. The author has devoted one chapter each on th~ functioning of National Police Academy at Hyderabad and Internal Security Academy at Mount Abu. Both the chapters tend to reinforce the view that much needs to be desired, including the scales of pay for the faculty. 1be book has lists of Police Training Institutions in India, fol lowed by Police Research Centres in India and at the end a fairly exhaustive bibliography has been appen:ied. It is hoped that those in the profession of police training 11W01Jld be considerably benefited by this publication and may be that some research group pinpoints follow-up action to be pursued. Probably it would have been appropriate if the author himself had indicated researchable areas in the field of training for subsequent studies/ publications to be tmdertaken covering those critica 1 themes. It looks the publisher has used the price mechanism to discourage in:iiviclual l:uyers to go in for this publication. By all standards the publication is priced on the high side (Rs. 400.00).


This study aims to describe the representation of female characters in the novel Woman at Zero Point by Nawal El Saadawi in terms of the subject-object position and in terms of the reader's position using the Sara Mills perspective approach. This research is qualitative with a qualitative descriptive method. The data source is the novel Woman at Zero Point by Nawal El Saadawi. The research results are as follows. First, the position of the female character as the subject describes the female character who is considered to have committed a rebellion in the form of resistance against men through physical violence. Second, in the position of the character as an object, the female character suffers injustice throughout her life from childhood to adulthood, causing her to fall into the valley of humiliation. Third, in the reader's position, female characters are described as experiencing injustice in the form of stereotypes, prostitution, and violence.


This study assesses the effects of infusion of 1200 ml of four different intravenous solutions before epidural anesthesia for cesarean section on maternal and neonatal whole blood lactate (L), pyruvate (P), excess lactate (XL), L/P ratio, and base excess (BE) in four equal groups of patients. Patien


SPM-based nanolithographic and radiation-induced manipulation of polymer surfaces deal with recent phenomenology that has, as yet, not been subjected to intensive or systematic investigation. Such manipulation has the potential to contribute greatly to the enabling technologies for exploitation in the broad fields of nano(bio)technology and nano-engineering. This book provides an in-depth analysis of the effects of physical and chemical manipulation utilizing both SPM and UV techniques on various model polymers. The book centres upon the identification and characterization of the nano-mechanical factors governing the processes which lead to the creation of 3-dimensional polymeric architecture, and to appreciably extend the current primary technologies employed to individually modify small areas of a surface. The book will aid researchers and students alike to better understand the various processes associated in polymeric chemi- and physico-mechanical alteration via UV and SPM based manipulation, as well as aiding in identifying these various outcomes which may or may not be intended.


The purpose of this short communication is to establish the similarities and differences between two periods and two processes of "senhorializacao (aristrocratization)" and "centralizacao do poder regio (centralization of royal power)" in disparate geographic territories: one, the already well-established European territory of the Portuguese Kingdom in the time of D. Dinis; the other, the vast and undefined space of the recently discovered Brazil in the time of King John III. The comparison is an insignificant (and even debatable) one, until we take into account the differences in centuries, the disparate geographic areas, and the fact that it arises from two unequal legal and political practices: a court ruling and a government ruling. Meanwhile, the text also analyzes the relevance of the expression Idade Media brasileira - The Brazilian Middle Ages - (1520-1580), which was the title of one of the volumes of the well-known Historia da Colonizacao Portuguesa do Brasil, coordinated by Carlos Malheiro Dias and edited between 1921 to 1924 to commemorate the first centennial of the independence from the old colony, in Portugal and Brazil. Comparing the kinds of economic systems, the aristocracy models of society and the forms of articulation with the royal power, it is clear that there is a lack of economic and social research on that sad history, and that this is one of its main gaps. Finally, this paper calls for a critical reading of a monumental (albeit incomplete) work on the historiography of the Portuguese Expansion, relatively ostracized and forgotten, but which, paradoxically, is widely used and cited, not completely hiding the discretion with which it makes use of the wealth of documentation transcribed in its appendices and in some of its summaries.


Despite the widespread use of aquatic macroinvertebrates in basic and applied studies of aquatic ecology, little is known of Providence, even more when the biota of the islands represents itself a subject of interest because of its relationships with the mainland and other nearby islands. This study described the composition and structure of the island's aquatic macroinvertebrates communities during three periods related to hydrologic cycle, and identified the geographic distributions of the faunal elements found.  Five sites of the island (Lazy Hill, Bailey, Fresh Water, El Pico and Old Town) in which physical and chemical parameters were measured, and organisms were collected in the available microhabitat.  Descriptors (species richness and abundance) and diversity indexes (Margalef diversity index, Simpson's dominance index and Shannon-Wiener index) of the population were calculated. Kruskal Wallis test was applied to establish differences between abundance and seasons, and a CCA test for establish the association of the organisms with physical and chemical parameters.  It was found that Lazy Hill and The Peak are the most diverse sites (DMg 7.15 and 8.40, respectively) and they may be a valuable refuge for the communities during the dry season.  Geographic distributions did not allow recognition of endemism at the genera level, but the communities studied are mainly a combination of cosmopolitan and Central and South American elements. Seasonality has a remarkable effect on the composition of communities, being greater at sites with less intervention, as Lazy Hill and The Peak.


N i604 a volume was published entitled Foure Paradoxes, or politique Discourses,' containing two essays by Thomas Digges concerning military discipline, "written long since", and two essays by his son, Dudley Digges, "of the worthiness of warre and warriours". The "paradoxes" of the father call for no particular comment. They are well-reasoned and sensible, and their line of argument can be deduced from the tides:


Nowadays, enhancing the quality in educational systems of different countries has gained especial importance and stand. Improving utilizing and increasing the quality in our country's educational system is felt too. One of the utilizing factors in education system is to improve the educational management quality. In this article, effective factors in educational management quality and one of its improving solutions, thorough management quality, is analyzed.


Urbanization in outer city areas leads to conversion of agricultural land and formation of new urban settlements among agricultural communities. This can create adverse impacts on agricultural ecosystem as well as the traditional unitary habitats. This paper reveals the outcomes of three decades of planning interventions in an outer district of Bangkok and the transformation of habitats. It shows that a unitary habitat can be transformed to a multi-habitat while creating symbiotic relationships between agricultural and non-agricultural functions through planning interventions. The paper recognizes the change in focus and of successive planning interventions as the main factor responsible for this symbiotic relationship. Although this is an unexpected outcome of the planning interventions, the paper argues that progressive change of focus of plans can be a planning strategy to form multi-habitats and thereby plural societies. Moreover, it argues that such a planning intervention can counteract against the current trend of building unitary habitats by real estate developers which lead to segregate the urban society according to a new set of social classes based on economic strength.


The invention discloses a fiber grating railway switch close contact monitoring device, which consists of a fiber grating close contact sensor, a fixed clamp assembly and a rigid baffle plate. The fiber grating close contact sensor comprises a fiber grating pair, an elastic rod, an adjustable ejector rod, a sensor protecting box and a fiber protecting hose; fiber gratings are jointed to the surfaces of two sides of the elastic rod, and the adjustable ejector rod is arranged on the elastic rod; and the fixed clamp assembly comprises a fixed clamp, fastening bolts, a sensor protecting box fixing plate and fixing bolts. The fiber grating close contact sensor is fixed at the inner side of a basic rail of a switch by the fixed clamp assembly, and the rigid baffle plate is fixed at the end of apoint rail. When the point rail moves and is in close contact with the basic rail, the rigid baffle plate is gradually contacted with the adjustable ejector rod, the elastic rod is deformed, the central wavelengths of the two fiber gratings jointed to the surfaces of the two sides of the elastic rod offset in opposite directions, and the close contact state of the point rail is represented by using the absolute value of the offset. The device has the advantages of long close contact monitoring distance, small volume, easiness in installation, interference resistance and convenience for maintenance.


A sensitivity analysis on test outcomes from the microscale combustion calorimeter was performed using flexible polyurethane foam as the sample material. Three input factors were investigated: samp...


Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has attracted much attention since it can break the depth-penetration barrier of phototriggered therapeutic strategies. However, developing sonosensitizers with a high rea...


Hail events have the potential to destroy grapevine shoots, reduce yield, and inflict economic loss upon growers. As a result, many grape growers have adopted the use of hail-netting to mitigate potential vine damage. Although hail-netting has been observed to prevent hail damage, Texas High Plains grape growers have expressed concerns regarding effects hail-netting may have on vine canopy microclimate, grapevine health, fruit maturity, fruit quality and yield. Therefore, over three growing seasons (2018 – 2020), field-grown vines (Vitis vinifera L. 'Malbec' and 'Pinot gris') were exposed to hail-netting, or grown without hail-netting. Each growing season canopy microclimate, leaf gas exchange, fruit maturity, yield parameters, and vegetative growth were monitored. Netting reduced canopy air and leaf temperature and decreased canopy vapour pressure deficit. By modifying light infiltration and leaf temperature, hail-netting altered leaf gas exchange. In addition, gas exchange differences were found between cultivars. Although fruit pH and total acidity were not different at harvest, fruit maturity measurements revealed total soluble solid development was influenced by netting and cultivar. Vine cluster numbers were greater for vines without netting and yield parameters were generally lower for 'Malbec' vines. Pruning weights indicate decreased vegetative growth for hail-netting and 'Pinot gris' vines. Results suggest grape-growers' use of hail-netting may allow growers to achieve fruit production goals. However, when using hail-netting, growers should consider possible management modifications due to changes in vine physiology, fruit maturation, and harvest schedules.


Journal "7th Mo. 16th [1830]. Left Barton and proceeded north through Brownington [Vermont] to E. Davis' Inn and dined. The roads were good, and soon after leaving Barton the country assumed a richer, handsomer form and better cultivated. From thence we rode to Georgeville on Lake Memphismagog [sic] and staid at Charnel's Inn. We entered this Province [Lower Canada] about 3 o'clock this afternoon; soon after passing the lines we enquired of an intelligent farmer whether we were in Canada; he pointed to a long red store which we had just passed, and said one end of it was in the United States and the other in Canada, with a horse shed between them. Upon asking him in a pleasant mood, what was necessary for us to do whether it was necessary we should report ourselves he said, "Oh, no! If you have brought nothing to sell." I told him we had nothing to dispose of but Gospel love and good will to the people. He raised his eyes upon us, and in a serious manner said, "God prosper you in your undertaking," and kindly invited us to go home with him and spend the night. But as we had time to reach Georgeville by sunset we pursued our journey. The country as we entered the Province in the township of Candish is very handsome, and of rich soil. In many places it is well cultivated and populous. Their grass, wheat, corn, and potatoes are fine. No cultivated fruit that we noticed except apples and currants ; of the former some trees were full.


Tongguan, Shaanxi Province was found to suffer the influence of mining activity. The contamination status of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn and As in both farmland and main crops wheat and corn was investigated. 83.6% of farmland soils were polluted to different extent, mainly by Hg, Cd and Pb, which exceeded the standard by 89.8%, 57.1% and 12.2%, respectively. Crops were also mainly polluted by Hg, Cd and Pb, which exceeded the standard by 39.1%, 39.1% and 47.8% in wheat and 44.4%, 33.3% and 33.3% in corn, respectively. The soils with low, moderate, high and very high values of potential ecological risk index were 44.9%, 38.8%, 12.2% and 4.1%, respectively. The soils with low values of potential ecological risk index mainly occurred in northwest and east, the soils with moderate values of potential ecological risk index were mainly distributed in the middle and south and the soils with high and very high values of potential ecological risk index were primarily located in the south. Correlation analysis between metal concentration in farmland soils and crops showed a significant correlation between the Hg in wheat and corn and the Hg in soil. Overall, immediate action was needed to remediate the heavy metal pollution in the farmland of Tongguan.


Plague spread throughout Senegal's coastal region following its introduction to the country in 1914 subsequently re-emerging in sporadic serious epidemics until 1945. Only Senegal's coastal region was affected with the country's interior spared as in the cases of Sudan Niger Guinea Upper Volta Dahomey and Cote d'Ivoire despite the considerable circulation of population and goods between Dakar and different territories. The author explores the initial phase of plague's endemic epidemic in Senegal. That period was characterized by a rather lengthy epidemic from April 1914 through January 1915 hitting Dakar and the regions of Diourbel Guelor Yoff Rufisque and Kaolack. In addition to its deadly impact upon Senegal's population this epidemic shed light upon a colonial regime well installed since 1914 yet deeply contested through direct political conflict. The epidemic crisis also revealed incoherences pettiness and secret governmental doubts as well as the fragility and inadequacy of African health services' medical practices the range of attitudes about and reactions to disease and death and indecision.


In part 1 of this paper some linear weighted generalized Fibonacci number summation identities were derived using the fact that the Fibonacci number is the residue of a rational function. In this part, using the same method, some quadratic and cubic weighted generalized Fibonacci number summation identities are derived, including some infinite series and generating functions. In addition some quadratic and cubic weighted generalized Fibonacci number summation identities with binomial coefficients, and some cubic and quartic Fibonacci and Lucas number summation identities are derived.


In this poster, we present a virtual car showroom. The use of virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR) becomes increasingly popular in various application domains, including prototyping, marketing and merchandising. In car industry, VR/AR systems enable rapid creation and evaluation of virtual prototypes by domain specialists as well as potential customers. In this work, we present a virtual car showroom implemented using the Unity game engine, an HMD and a gesture tracking system. The application enables immersive presentation and interaction with 3D cars in a virtual environment.


ZnSe as a surface passivation layer in quantum dot-sensitized solar cells plays an important role in preventing charge recombination and thus improves the power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, as a wide bandgap semiconductor, ZnSe cannot efficiently absorb and convert long-wavelength light. Doping transition metal ions into ZnSe semiconductors is an effective way to adjust the band gap, such as manganese ions. In this paper, it is found by the method of density functional theory calculation that the valence band of ZnSe moves upward with manganese ions doping, which leads to acceleration of charge separation, wider light absorption range, and enhancing light harvesting. Finally, by using ZnSe doped with manganese ions as the passivation layer, the TiO2/CdS/CdSe co-sensitized solar cell has a PCE of 6.12%, and the PCE of the solar cell increases by 9% compared with the undoped one (5.62%).


The main objective of the present investigation is to study the polymerization of PDMA by using AgNO3 as oxidant in a microreactor, comprising of the electronic conductive polymer, poly (2,5-dimethoxyaniline) (PDMA) and a polyelectrolyte, poly (styrene sulfonic acid) (PSS). Poly(2,5-dimethoxyaniline) was polymerized and Ag+ ions was reduced to Ag nanoparticles in the reaction, simultaneously. First, a novel method for simultaneous synthesis of silver nanoparticles and poly(2,5-dimethoxyaniline) (PDMA) in the existence of poly (styrene sulfonic acid) (PSS) has been demonstrated. In-situ UV-Visible spectroscopy was used to monitor the simultaneous formation of silver nanoparticles and PDMA. The presence of peaks corresponding to PDMA at 357 nm, 443 nm, 530 nm and 770 nm in the in-situ UV-Visible spectra provide evidences for the simultaneous formation of silver nanoparticles and PDMA. The rate of polymerization is very fast by catalyst of silver. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and size distribution analysis reveal the presence of spherical silver nanoparticles with an average diameter of 12 nm, and the particles are homogeneous distribution in PDMA-PSS matrix. The analysis of the PDMA-PSS-Ag nanocomposite using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) informs that the in presence of silver nanoparticles makes the interconversion of leucoemeraldine to emeraldine more easily and leads the enhancement of conductivity. Second, the effect of the condition of polymerization on the structure of composite and the particle size distribution of silver has been studied and compared. The evidences can be obtained by in-situ UV-Visible, FT-IR and TEM. The main influence on the properties PDMA-PSS-Ag is dominated in the concentration of PSS. Further, we offer a simple way to synthesis of silver nanoparticles and conducting polymer simultaneously by using metal ions as oxidant agent and electron rich monomer in the sulfonic group polyelectrolyte.


This paper reports on a research project about Chilean students' argumentation competency. Our thesis is that ethical issues are an impediment for the teaching of argumentation at high school level. To prove this, we analyze students' discussions and we compare them with standard philosophical discussions to show the breach between them. We use the pragma-dialectical approach to contrast the different kinds of argumentation.


Six experiments examine the determinants of survival in the sudden swimming death paradigm. It is argued that housing-induced motor differences are a major determinant of survival. This conclusion is supported by comparing rats' performance in the swimming tank to their performance on other motor tasks, i.e., rotarod, passive avoidance, and open field. The deleterious effects of individual housing upon survival in the sudden swimming death paradigm can be reversed by giving animals access to running wheels. Little support could be found for "autonomic" or "critical period" explanations for sudden swimming deaths. Finally, mortality and behavioral differences between individually and socially housed animals are discussed from a motivational perspective.