Aims:  Drug safety evaluation plays an important role in the early phase of drug development, especially in the preclinical identification of compounds' biological activity. The Vibrio harveyi assay was used to assess mutagenic and antimutagenic activity of some aminoalkanolic derivatives of xanthone (1–5), which were synthesized and evaluated for their anticonvulsant and hemodynamic activities.


From motivation angle analyze cause of definition same or vague about pro-social behavior,help behavior and altruism behavior in the past study.Definition's same because research workers didn't think over its motivation,definition's vague because research workers thought over its' the nature of the motivation.Raise suggestion to definition three kinds behavior and summarize its relations in a broad and a narrow sense through comment on two kinds summarize way that from motivation angle to analyze relations about pro-social behavior,help behavior and altruism behavior in the past.


Background: Passion is an important motivational variable that profoundly affects athletes' cognition, emotion, and behavior. This study constructed a mediating model to explore the mechanism of cohesion toward passion and mental toughness of Chinese team sports athletes and to investigate the mediating effect of harmonious passion and obsessive passion on cohesion and mental toughness. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted on 326 Chinese active athletes (M = 19.63, SD = 6.51) aged 14–26 years (54% male, 46% female) from eight sports. Results: Cohesion and its dimensions can positively predict athletes' mental toughness, and ATG-T is more important in advantage analysis. The direct and indirect paths show that cohesion affects mental toughness through the mediating effect of harmonious passion and obsessive passion. Mediating effect model has a good fit and explained 22.1% of the variance in mental toughness. Conclusion: The relationship between cohesion, passion, and mental toughness reflects the psychological dynamic process from environment to motivation to sports performance. The development of team sports athletes' mental toughness can be carried out from the following points. First, the team should define a sports goal and take the needs of members into account in goal-setting. Second, the sports team should build a team culture that is enterprising, inclusive, and cooperative and emphasizes members' recognition of them. Third, the team should attach importance to the passion of the members and make good use of the team atmosphere. To protect the psychological health and long-term development of athletes, team culture should pay more attention to the cultivation of athletes' harmonious passion. Improving cohesion is beneficial to athletes' mental toughness in team sports. To protect the psychological health and long-term development of athletes, team culture should pay more attention to the cultivation of athletes' harmonious passion.


Starting from the problems existing in the co-constructing and sharing of the literature information resource of university library,this paper probes into the principles and measures of the co-constructing and sharing of the literature information resource.


• extend theories of human capital and new home economics in explaining women's and men's labour force participation; • map women's and men's work trajectories over their life course—from career entry into retirement—and to develop explanatory models of career trajectories; • identify those aspects of the family-household system and the labour market that facilitate or impede women's involvement with the labour market; • investigate the interrelationships between labour force decisions about family formation and household arrangements; • identify the portfolio of resources that women and men draw upon throughout their lives when making decisions about career and family; and • assess the policy implications of the findings of the project for the institutions of the welfare state, the labour market and the family.


We develop algorithms for sampling from a probability distribution on a submanifold embedded in R n . Applications are given to the evaluation of algorithms in 'Topological Statistics'; to goodness of t tests in exponential families and to Neyman's smooth test. This article is partially expository, giving an introduction to the tools of geometric measure theory.


Water is a very precious natural resource and the matter foundation that the whole lives rely on in the earth, and it is also the matter that cannot be replaced in the natural resources on the earth again. With increasingly intensive population, various community economy activity's demand for water increases, and the space-time distribution of water resource become uneven, and the supply of water resource in the whole world become tight. Soil erosion has taken away the mass of rich topsoil and makes soil become more and more thin, reduces land productive, and poses serious threat to water environment. In addition, water body pollution has negative effect on effective use of water resource and aggravates the contradiction. The management of point source pollution and circularly making use of in the developed countries currently up make more ideally, but a lot of still directly exhaust in various water body in the extensive developing countries.


The aim
of this thesis was to get a better understanding of the incidence and course of
neuropsychiatric symptoms in HD, particularly irritability that is a core
behavioral symptoms. Also, we aimed to investigate the realtionship between
activity of the immune system and presence of neuropsychiatric symptoms. In
this thesis, the psychometric properties of the Irritability Scale, and cross
sectional and longitudinal analyses of irritability are described. The role of
the innate immune system was investigated using both plasma acute-phase
proteins and cytokines.


A numerical method based on potential-flow theory using Rankine sources has been developed for the prediction of the flow past ship hulls. For purposes of validation, the method had been applied initially to the known analytical solution of flow past a sphere submerged in an infinite fluid. It was confirmed that a significant improvement could be obtained over the original method of Hess and Smith by projecting the collocation points back onto the actual surface of the sphere with additional smaller gains using submergence of the panels below the body surface. The method was then extended by the introduction of a free-water surface boundary condition and used to calculate the wave resistance of a Wigley hull for higher Froude numbers, up to 1.0. Raven's correction to Dawson's original formulation was included and evaluated. It was found that the correction made only a small difference to the calculated wave resistance. The results of the present work were seen to agree closely with experimental data for residual resistance up to a Froude number of approximately 0.65 but then give slightly lower values for higher Froude numbers. The difference was attributed primarily to the method of deducing the experimental values of the residual resistance from the total resistance where the frictional resistance had been based on the static wetted surface area.


Synthetic fuel production employing the Fischer-Tropsch (FT) technology will, most likely, play an important role in the future energy system. FT waxes can be upgraded to middle distillates through ...


Magnetic activated carbons (MACs) for gold recovery from alkaline cyanide solutions have been developed by mixing a magnetic precursor with a carbon source, and treating the mixture under controlled conditions. As would be expected, these activated carbons have high specific surface areas due to their microporous structure. In addition, the small particle size of the MACs produced allows rapid adsorption of gold in solution, and the magnetic character of these MACs enables recovery from suspension by magnetic separation.


Membrane-bound mucins belong to a heterogeneous family of large O-glycoproteins involved in numerous cancers and inflammatory diseases of the epithelium. Some of them are also involved in protein-protein interactions (PPI), with receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ErbB2, and fundamental and clinical data showed that these complexes have a detrimental impact on cancer outcome thus raising interest for therapeutic targeting. This paper aims at demonstrating that MUC3, MUC4, MUC12, MUC13 and MUC17 came from a common evolutionary origin and share a common structural organization with EGF-like and SEA domains. Theoretical structure-function relationship analysis of the conserved domains were performed indicating that the studied membrane-bound mucins share common biological properties along with potential specific functions. Finally, the potential druggability of these complexes were discussed revealing ErbB2-related pathways of cell signaling to be targeted.


Objective To summarize the treatment of thoracic spinal tuberculosis in our department and provide the reference for surgical treatment.Methods Totally 78 cases of tuberculosis of thoracic vertebra admitted to our department from Jan 2008 to May 2010 were treated with clearance of spinal tuberculous focus through the costal and transverse process approach and bone graft,then the clinical effects were evaluated.Results Clinical manifestations were improved after the operation in all the 78 cases.Clearance of spinal tuberculous focus through the costal and transverse process approach and bone graft was of little blood loss,low recurrence rate,fine recovery of spinal functions and high healing rate(about 92.3%).Conclusions Clearance of spinal tuberculous focus through the costal and transverse process approach and bone graft and radically clear the spinal tuberculous focus,release the compression of the spinal cord,diminish the recovery of tuberculosis and it's an effective method to treat tuberculosis of thoracic vertebra.


Abstract : This paper is a report on a continuing effort to develop a physical- numerical model suitable for use in predicting large-scale fields of low cloudiness. Included are a derivation of a basic prediction model and the results of a test series of 12-hr forecasts made with various versions of the model using synoptic data for the period: 12Z, 6 Feb.--00Z, 7 Feb. 1964. The tests were designed to assess the characteristics of the model and to indicate areas in which more study is required. The model tested differs broadly from previous boundary layer models in its use of all three space dimensions, a horizontal space mesh of 150 km, and a time step of 15 min. The model incorporates the computation of: eddy fluxes of heat and vapor, the transport of heat, vapor, etc. by ageostrophic horizontal winds, the influence of terrain- and frictioninduced vertical motion, and the heat and mass exchanges involved in water-substance phase changes.


The 'small commodity city' of Yiwu in China specialises in low-end products, enjoying economic success due to its early establishment of private enterprise, yet relying upon traditional forms of solidarity as well as those provided by the structures of the market. It has 'history', but one that has been reconstructed beyond all recognition. Drawing primarily upon the work of Doreen Massey, this article explores the burgeoning sense of place in Yiwu and the wider implications this has for thinking on place. The article analyses two specific elements: the 'Wenzhou model', on which China's small commodity economy is built, and the architectural form of the 'small district'. It argues that the use of the Wenzhou model in Yiwu situates it at the forefront of an economic national historical trajectory, and that the development of small districts, tied as they are to previous historical built forms, provides a sense of the past as an assemblage from which current identity can be forged. A sense of place, it proposes, has arisen precisely due to the unusual assemblage of those elements, but is less tied to traditional notions of place, being more grounded within moments and networks that resonate with current post-revolutionary lived experiences.


A survey for Beauveria bassiana infections in wild house fly ( Musca domestica L .) populations on New York State dairy farms during 1985 and 1988 demonstrated that house flies infected with B. bassiana were present on 12 of 15 dairy farms in three counties in central New York, overall prevalence of infection was 0.86% in 1985 ( n = 1,279) and 0.06% in 1988 ( n = 29,886), and infected house flies were found between August and November, with ≍85% found between 1 September and 7 October. No infected flies were collected between 31 May and 1 August during either year. Infection trials with B. bassiana isolated from wild house flies demonstrated that healthy laboratory-reared house fly adults were highly susceptible to infection, late third-instar M. domestica were susceptible and died in the pupal stage, and dry conidia stored at room temperature for 2 yr remained viable and infective to house fly adults.


The sections in the Supplemental Material contain the following: (I) simulation parameters and additional details of the derivation of the thin-film lubrication approximation used in this work, including the justification of the assumptions, the generalization to the case when the two surfaces of the air film have different scattering properties, and the boundary conditions used; (II) the interpolating formulae for the kinetic factors ∆ { Φ ,τ } { C,P } used in our computations; (III) the details of the computational implementation; (IV) a discussion of the approach used for our drop-drop collision simulations, their results and the comparison with those of J. Li [Phys. Rev. Lett. 117 , 214502 (2016)]; (V) results for the case of partially specular reflection of air molecules off the solid boundary; (VI) a discussion of van der Waals instabilities leading to contact between the drop and the surface; and (VII) some additional details of simulation results.


Pectinases are widely used in food processing, textile and other allied industries. Cassava peels generated from cassava processing outfits constitutes one of the major environmental pollutions in Nigeria and there is need to find alternative economic value of the waste instead of indiscriminately disposing them as currently done. This study reports the optimization of pectinase production from Bacillus subtilis PSE-8 using cassava peels as substrate in submerged fermentation through response surface methodology. The pectinase-producing bacterium was isolated from a dump site at a fruit market in Oyigbo, Rivers state. Pectinase production was screened on agar plate with pectin as sole carbon source and zone of clearance recorded. Optimization was performed using central composite design of RSM. Four independent variables (pH, temperature, incubation time, and cassava peel concentration) at five levels each were used in the design which generated a total of twenty-five runs. The responses monitored were pectinase production (U/mL) and biomass (mg/mL). The bacterial isolate was identified using cultural, biochemical, and molecular (16S rRNA gene) analyses. Out of 8 bacterial isolates screened for pectinase-producing potential, 5 isolates showed varying zone of inhibition. PSE-8 showed highest zone of inhibition of 9 mm when screened on Agar plate using pectin as sole carbon source. Data obtained from RSM indicated the highest pectinase production (117.5 U/mL) at pH 9, temperature 45oC, cassava peel concentration 3 % w/v and incubation time of 3 days. The pectinase-producing bacterium was identified as Bacillus subtilis PSE-8 based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. This study demonstrated that inexpensive cassava peel can be used as carbon source to produce pectinase by Bacillus subtilis PSE-8. Thus, will help to reduce the environmental pollution posed by the usual indiscriminate disposal of the waste as well as encourage reduction in the cost of pectinase production. RSM technique effectively showed a positive interaction between the different factors studied. The pectinase produced by this bacterium could be applied in various food processing and other allied industries.


Objective To explore the etiology and complication of liver cirrhosis patients.Methods 56 patients with liver cirrhosis were investigated retrospectively from Jan 2008 to Jan 2010.Results The 56 patients,17 cases had simple hepatitis B virus infection;5 cases had simple hepatitis C virus infection;2 cases had overlapping infection of hepatitis B and C virus;11 cases had simple alcoholic cirrhosis;8 cases had co-injury caused by alcohol and hepatitis virus;the rest included 4 cases with primary biliary cirrhosis and 9 cases with cryptogenic crirhosis.In addition to spider telangiectasia,other sign and symptoms had no significant differences between viral infection patients and heavy drinker.Upper gastrointestinal bleeding,primary hepatic carcinoma,secondary infection and hepatic encephalopathy were main complications in liver cirrhosis.Conclusion Hepatitis B virus infection is the main cause of liver cirrhosis.Portal hypertension often happens in simple viral infection.


Ultrashort pulse lasers have allowed probing of molecular dynamics in real time on the femtosecond time scale, with exotic behavior ranging from alignment of molecules and clusters, structural deformation, phase transitions on solid, and electron localization in magnetic materials. A recent progress in high power ultrashort pulse lasers has opened new frontiers in physics and technology of light-matter interactions from X-ray generation, nuclear fusion, laser surgery, integrated and fiber optics, optical data storage, to 3D micro- and nano-structuring. An intriguing phenomenon that currently attracts a lot of interest is the self-assembly of periodic nanostructures in the direction perpendicular to the light polarization. Uniaxial birefringence observed after femtosecond laser irradiation of silica glass has been explained by induced nanogratings and referred as self-assembled form birefringence. Self organization process has been interpreted in terms of the interference of electron plasma waves resulting in electron concentration modulation, followed by freezing of the interference pattern by structural change in glass. However, the mechanism including dynamics of self-organized nanostructures formation is still not fully understood. Recently, a double-pulse pump-probe configuration was used to enhance ablation in fused silica and silicon. In similar experiments molecular ensembles with an oriented angular momentum were produced. Here, we describe the ultrafast writing dynamics of form birefringence produced by self-organized nanogratings in double pulse experiments. Rewritable five-dimensional (5D) optical data storage using self-assembled form birefringence was demonstrated.


On August 20, 2012, Ethiopia lost its brave son the late prime minster Meles Zenawi. When the state media announced his death, various international news agencies reported about the death of the prime minster the way they perceived him. Many newspapers presented his significant contribution in social, economic and political development in the country. In contrast to these, few individual and organization tried to write a report against the fact that prevailed in the country. For instance International Crisis Groups (ICG) said that Ethiopia's much praised economic development was not as robust or cost free as Meles would have wanted or as the international community believes (ICG, 2012). Such kind of flawed report or analysis arose mainly due misunderstanding the recent social and economic development in the country or purposely construed to undermine the contribution of our late Prime Minister Meles Zenawi. Chicago boys like ICG and Mesay Kebede who would like to shape Ethiopia in their own image cannot understand the prevailed structural transformation observed in Ethiopia during the last eight years. It is the responsibility of all Ethiopians to remember and maintain the legacy of our late Prime Minster. We want stable and prosperous Ethiopia as well as independent nation that depend on the vision of its leaders. I think this is against of the interest ICG and its scholars.


N.m.r. chemical shifts of the ethylenic protons of maleic anhydride, N-n-butyl, N-phenyl-, and N-2,6-xylylmaleimide have been compared in carbon tetrachloride and benzene solutions. Large upfield chemical shifts are induced by the benzene solvent, and these are attributed to a 1 : 1 exo-stereospecific association of the solute and solvent molecules. In the case of the maleic anhydride–benzene complex, a model in which the hydrogen atoms of the exo-oriented maleic anhydride are located at a mean position 2·55 A above the plane of the benzene ring provides the best fit with the experimental results.The relevance of these findings to the stereochemistry of corresponding photoaddition reactions is discussed.


In order to study the advantages of frame support structure composed of rigid joint between steel strut and retaining pile in restraining the lateral displacement of retaining structure and maintaining the stability of foundation pit, foundation pit failure test was carried out. Compared with the traditional support structure, which can only bear pressure composed of steel strut and retaining pile lap joint, the variation characteristics of pile lateral displacement and support axial force of frame support structure under the influencing factors, such as weak stratum, pit side loading, groundwater level rise, and support drop, are studied. The test results show that, compared with the traditional steel strut, the pile-strut frame support structure can not only bear the compressive stress, but also the tensile stress caused by the lateral displacement of the top of the retaining pile outside the foundation pit. The overall stability is better, and the axial force distribution of each layer of support is more uniform so as to reduce the overall lateral displacement of the retaining pile. In the process of foundation pit collapse, the frame support structure will not have the problem of strut falling, which can maintain part of the support capacity, prolong the collapse time of retaining piles, strive for more escape time for front-line construction workers, and reduce the number of casualties.


Improving energy efficiency of datacenters and studies of green energy integration into the datacenters are important research problems. Recent studies include design of power management mechanisms, scheduling policies, and efficient cooling methods. However, deploying a new policy in a datacenter and verifying its effects is time consuming and often infeasible. Therefore, it is important to effectively and accurately model and simulate datacenter environments. This paper provides a survey and comparison of recent simulation platforms for datacenters. Additionally, it presents a case study of how datacenter simulation enables design and evaluation of algorithms for using green energy to improve the datacenter


This paper presents a 3-D object localization and tracking technique based on the CAD model and multi-view image captures of the object. From the given projected 2-D pose model in the image, the matching lines between the model contour and the object's edge feature are used for nonlinear 3-D pose computation. The object location information in the real world is then identified. The method presented in this work has been validated on several experiments with various test objects. The results demonstrate that the proposed approach is robust to the partial occlusion and provides accurate positioning of the real object.


Observational terms should be distinguished from theoretical ones. Sounds of spoken language are observational terms. We can hear them or record them as real entities. What are the connections between the various terms? All phones (sounds of speech) that relate to a certain phoneme share some phonetic features, and these features define a theoretical term which is the certain phoneme. The phoneme itself cannot be heard, since the realization of a phoneme is a phone, an observational entity which always has more external features.We show that /b/, /k/, and /p/ are each one phoneme, which is realized in certain phones. The claim that each of them split into two phonemes is dealt with, and our conclusion is that there is no basis to suggest it. We show that other languages also have some phonemes that are in a similar situation, for example, English delete—deletion or produce—product. The split to two phonemes that Weiman and Rosén suggested emerged not from the facts but from false principles in structural linguistics. Rosén had later to follow it up by the idea that there are "complex roots" in Hebrew. Thus the problem is shifted from philology to morphology and to the lexicon. Some further deficiencies in structural lore are noted.We also show that there is no need to apply to other related languages (Aramaic or Arabic) to discover theoretical forms in present Hebrew. They are not historical remnants but living entities existing in the linguistic knowledge of every Hebrew speaker.


The Rome Statute regime departs from the traditional approach of criminal justice. The latter stresses on punishing the offender and pays less regard on the welfare of the victims of crimes, let alone the participation of victims in criminal proceedings. However, merely punishing the perpetrators is insufficient if the aim is justice for the victims. Retributive justice deprives the victims of the opportunity to have their voices heard, and to obtain, where appropriate, reparations for their sufferings. This book unfolds the solid embedment of victim-based justice into ICC legal regime, and extensively highlights the participation of victims in various stages of ICC proceedings. It also elucidates the right of the victims to receive reparations. In respect to reparations, the book highlights their rationale and forms. It also examines the reality of reparations by dissecting the awards of reparations in two cases: the Katanga case and the Al Mahdi case. The book is relevant as reference for law students, researchers and legal practitioners.


1. From Peacekeeping to Intervention United Nations peacekeeping operations in the late 1980s and early 1990s registered several successes, which bred the belief that the UN offered, if not a new world order, a new capacity to deal with disorder. UN intervention started to be seen as a solution for increasingly complex and violent problems. Peacekeeping was no longer an adequate term. The rubric was expanded, not least by the Secretary-General (Boutros-Ghali, 1992). The argument was that if there were no peace to keep, the UN would have to make peace and enforce it. 'Blue Helmets' would intervene with armed force for humanitarian reasons. Thus, humanitarian intervention became the term for a range of military operations from pure peacekeeping to robust policing, air strikes, major ground war and long-term military occupation. However, the case for intervention is more difficult than its keenest advocates concede. The tasks are complex, demanding and dangerous. In Europe and North America, the most heated debate on intervention has concerned ex-Yugoslavia. It has been shallow and confusing. The advocates of the stronger versions of intervention (air-strikes and up) have ignored the political complexities, the dangers and operational military realities. Most sceptics have made a limited, opportunist and pragmatic case dominated by short-term self-interest. Alternatives to largescale military action have been at best ill-defined. Neither group has clearly specified its goals. Crowl's (1982) strategic catechism' forms a useful check list for gauging the quality of the debate. It demands answers to the following questions: * What is the objective? Even after UN forces in Sarajevo began enforcing the February 1994 ceasefire, no political objective worthy of the name had been established. * Does the strategy fit the objective? Not if there is no objective. * What are the limits of military power? No case for intervention has acknowledged the limits. By contrast, the sceptics see nothing but limits. * What are the alternatives? The advocates' failure to consider alternatives is partially excused by the sceptics' failure to present them. * How strong is the home front? The durability of domestic political support for intervention is another question the advocates have not discussed. If multilateral military intervention is to be a prominent international response to conflict, we need a better way to debate it than the current pattern of selective indignation and evasive pragmatism.


This bachelor thesis submits the problem of deformed self-confidence, its negative influence over the efficiency and the behaviour of a person. It deals with the support of healthy self-confidence development, which constitutes the best premise for a full development of individual's abilities. It describes the function of teachers in educational process while supporting children's healthy self-confidence development. Teachers have a possibility to help the children get greater success in education, future employment or social life but also prevent socially pathologic phenomenons using their conscious approach to pupil's problems and supporting their self-confidence. The research part of the thesis deals with an inquiry if the teachers at the second-degree of primary schools devote more to pupils with higher self-confidence or to pupils with lower self-confidence.


The invention provides a thermothickening terpolymer and its preparation method. The water solution viscosity of the copolymer provided in the invention increases with the rise of temperature within a certain temperature range. The water solution of the copolymer has a thermothickening property, and has high apparent viscosity under high temperature and high salinity conditions. Thus, the terpolymer of the invention boasts good application prospects in tertiary oil recovery of high temperature and high salinity oil reservoirs.


In social e‐commerce environment, consumers share commodity information with others frequently. It is urgent for social e‐commerce enterprises or merchants to learn rules about commodity information dissemination so as to improve the purchase rate of goods and predict the sales trend at the same time. In this paper, we extend the social e‐commerce customers' purchasing behavior game model (SECPG model) to simulate multiple complex social e‐commerce networks, so as to further quantify internal relation between users' information dissemination and online shopping behavior to a certain extent and predict the purchase rate in diverse social e‐commerce networks. The concept of relationship update frequency is introduced to the updating mechanism in social e‐commerce, and simulations are carried out for networks with various update frequency of social relations. Numerical simulations show that individuals' reputation and cost‐to‐benefit ratio both have specific ranges of influence on the purchase rate in social e‐commerce environment. And relationship update frequency is also a key factor for users to spread purchase information.


U.S. Modernism at Continent's End: Carmel, Provincetown, Taos historicizes and theorizes the significance of the early twentieth-century little arts colony as a uniquely modern social formation within a global network of modernist activity and production. Emphasizing communities rather than single artists, and modernist activity instead of products, this study considers modernism as social, aesthetic, and political processes that developed differentially in response to local and global pressures. In addition to offering a historical overview of the emergence of three critical sites of modernist activity—the little art colonies of Carmel, Provincetown, and Taos—this study offers new critical readings of major authors associated with those places: Robinson Jeffers, Eugene O'Neill, and D. H. Lawrence. Continent's End tracks the radical thought and aesthetic innovation that emerged from these villages and reveals a surprisingly dynamic circulation of persons, objects, and ideas between the country and the city and back again, producing modernisms that were cosmopolitan in character yet also site-specific.


Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a relatively new non-invasive, cross-sectional imaging technology that describes the internal structures of the retina. The thickness of various retinal layers such as Internal Limiting Membrane (ILM), Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer (RNFL) and Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) in OCT are imperative in the diagnosis of different ophthalmic disorders like Glaucoma. For medical examiners, segmentation of images is a cumbersome task and demands expertise. This paper proposes an algorithm that can assist in segmenting the layers in an OCT image for glaucoma examination. Graph cut method shows promising results in OCT segmentation when compared to conventional algorithms. The proposed algorithm employs a graph cut based OCT segmentation schema, with Dijkstra algorithm using min-heap to reduce the computation time. The algorithm also effectively addresses blood vessel discontinuity with the help of adjacency matrix.


Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is greater than 200nt in length, having no protein coding function, lncRNA is greatest concerned because it plays an important role in tumor occurrence and development. By far the incidence and mortality of lung cancer are the highest in malignant tumors. Although the survival and quality of life of a few hmg cancer patients have improved in recent years, the overall prognosis remains very poor. Therefore,it has become an urgent task for physicians to find more effective methods of early diagnosis and treatment. Understanding the regulation mechanism of lacRNA in lung cancer will provide a new idea for the early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.

Key words:
Long non-coding RNA ;  Lung cancer ;  Early diagnosis ;  Mechanism ;  Treatment


s:Objective To observe the serum leptin content in elderly patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus and the clinical significance of related parameters.Methods 152 examinees were divided into elderly patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus group (group ED),non-elderly-patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus group (group NED) and healthy elderly group (group C) according to their condition of illness and age.The fasting serum leptin (F-Lp) content and other related parameters were determined.Results In both group ED and group C,the F-Lp content in males was higher than that in males of group NED (P0.05), and that in females was lower than that in females of group NED (P0.05). In both group ED and group C,the testosterone content in males was lower than that in males of group NED (P0.05~0.01), and the estradiol content in females was lower than that in females of group NED (P0.05). There was no significant difference in F-Lp and testosterone content in males of group ED as compared with males of group C,nor significant difference in F-Lp and estradiol content in females of group ED as compared with females of Group C (P 0.05). The body mass index (BMI),testosterone and estradiol were independently correlated with F-Lp content.Conclusion The difference in serum leptin content between elderly patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus and healthy elderly people has no apparent significance,but that between the elderly patients and non-elderly-patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus has apparent significance.


Michael Fowler offers an insight into the organisational role of a arson task force and its impact in reducing arson in a rural area.


Numerical simulations are presented of steady state, hypersonic blunt body flows and the influence of multi-quantum vibrational energy exchange assesed for vibrational heating and cooling conditions. The objective is to understand the thermodynamic nonequilibrium phenomena encountered along the trajectory of hypersonic aerospace vehicles. The nonequilibrium vibrational energy distributions were modeled by the master kinetic equation and the population distributions in the quantum energy states of the diatomic molecule evaluated under multiple-quantum vibrational-translational (VT) and vibration-vibration (VV) energy exchanges. The competing effects of resonant and non-resonant VV exchanges and VT de-excitation rates were studied for Treanor distributions that exist for conditions typically encountered in expanding nozzles. For vibrational cooling flows, additional uppumping of energy in the intermediate quantum levels due to enhanced VV exchanges of the double quantum transitions was captured in the numerical simulation. Results from a newly developed dissociation model compared with existing experiments in pure nitrogen suggest that the ladder model with strong vibrational bias is suitable at temperatures 10,000 K and below; at much higher temperatures a weak bias is favored.


Introduction. This paper is the report of a study of experimental pneumonia in the rabbit, in which the interest is centered particularly upon the earlier stages of the pathologic process. In carrying out the experiments the aim was to use a constant small dose of pneumococci of practically uniform virulence, and to vary only the time factor. The inevitable variability of resistance on the part of the rabbits is apparent in the records of the experiments, but so far as could be determined they were all normal healthy animals. The work was stimulated by the studies of pneumonia in monkeys reported in I920 by Blake and Cecil" 23. They offered a new viewpoint on the question of pathogenesis, stating that in lobar pneumonia the pneumococcus primarily invades the lung tissue at some point or points near the root of the lobe, whence the organisms spread throughout the lobe by way of the interstitial tissues and the lymphatic system. The alveolar involvement they found to be primarily central, extending radially to include more or less of the lobe or lobes in a massive lesion. They concluded, therefore, that lobar pneumonia is primarily an interstitial infection of the lung. It was with the idea of studying more closely this early process of invasion that the present work was undertaken.


When underbalanced drilling or drilling easy leaky zone by using aeration fluid,the determination of fluid density and downhole fluid column pressure is very important.Based on the drilling date gathered in field,the paper presents the calculation method of foarm fluid,aeration fluid density and fluid column pressure and works out relative computer software.It has directive function to drilling design and field operation of foam and aeration fluid.


The development of the sharia banking industry is increasingly diverse, with many sharia products and services, with good corporate governance that is important to practice. The purpose of this study is to prove whether or not there is an effect of the implementation of Good Corporate Governance on financial performance. The type of research used is quantitative with an associative approach and secondary data. Purpose sampling technique is used as a sampling technique. Sources of data taken using secondary data are time series obtained from the company. The data analysis technique in this research uses data analysis in the form of panel data. The study found that only the audit committee board has a significant effect on financial performance. Meanwhile, other results prove that good corporate governance has a significant role in the company's financial performance.


Nuclear power plants are protected from potential security threats through a combination of robust structures around the primary system and other vital equipment, security systems and equipment, and defensive strategy. The overall objective for nuclear power plant security is to protect public health and safety by ensuring that attacks or sabotage do not challenge the ability to safely shutdown the plant or protect from radiological releases. In addition, plants have systems, features and operational strategies to cope with external conditions, such as loss of offsite power, which could be created as part of an attack. Westinghouse considered potential security threats during design of the AP1000 PWR. The differences in plant configuration, safety system design, and safe shutdown equipment between existing plants and AP1000 affect potential vulnerabilities. This paper provides an evaluation of AP1000 with respect to vulnerabilities to security threats. The AP1000 design differs from the design of operating PWRs in the US in the configuration and the functional requirements for safety systems. These differences are intentional departures from conventional PWR designs which simplify plant design and enhance overall safety. The differences between the AP1000 PWR and conventional PWRs can impact vulnerabilities to security threats. The NRC addressed security concerns more » as part of their reviews for AP1000 Design Certification, and did not identify any security issues of concern. However, much of the detailed security design information for the AP1000 was deferred to the combined Construction and Operating License (COL) phase as many of the security issues are site-specific. Therefore, NRC review of security issues related to the AP1000 is not necessarily complete. Further, since the AP1000 plant design differs from existing PWRs, it is not obvious that the analyses and assessments prepared for existing plants also apply to the AP1000. We conclude that, overall, the AP1000 is less vulnerable to security threats such as malevolent use of vehicles (land, water or air), than are conventional PWRs. Further, the AP1000 is less vulnerable to external events (e.g., loss of transmission) than conventional PWRs. For some of the threats evaluated the AP1000 is comparable to conventional PWRs, while for other threats the AP1000 is inherently less vulnerable. (authors) « less


The article presents the results of hydrochemical studies of water objects, located in the impact zone of one of the largest mining enterprises in the Russian Federation – JSC "Apatite". According to the monitoring studies, the source of surface water pollution with molybdenum was determined, geochemical assessment of the molybdenum transformation in the system "ore-bearing rocks – mine water – surface water" was performed. In order to reduce the technogenic load on the surface water located in the considered area, the way of large-tonnage mine waters purification from molybdenum was proposed. The method involves using the chemical sorbent based on waste metals. The method of sewage purification will allow solving one of the key environmental problems of the considered enterprise and, in addition, to improve the environmental situation in the considered area as well as the quality of the local population life.


Cairo Down-Town is known as Khedival Cairo. It is famous for its rich architectural heritage buildings designed by many European architects during the 19th and the 20th c. Many of these buildings have deteriorated due to misuse and lack of maintenance. In this paper, the survival of a historic balcony of one of these buildings (dating back to 1911) due to extensive intervention works is presented. The leaked water from air-conditioning resulted in corrosion of the steel beams carrying the balcony. Subsequently, the decorative units at the balcony bottom were detached and started to fall down. An intervention was carried out to allow the balcony to survive. The adequacy of the intervention was ensured by numerical analysis and in-situ static loading test. It was found that the adopted intervention represented a good example that could be applied to many other similar balconies widely found in Khedival Cairo.


This article furthers our understanding of the work by Tomas Yepes (ca. 1600-1674) as a still-life painter, emphasizing the decisive role he played in the development of this genre in Valencia. The article begins with an overview of the significance of Yepes in Valencia, and goes on to analyse the characteristic features
of his work against the broader backdrop of the painting of his period.


OBJECTIVES
Renal mesangial expansion has been identified as a major factor contributing to glomerulosclerosis, a typical symptom of diabetic nephropathy. It is unclear whether microvesicles, known as a mediator for cross-talk between cells and organs, are involved in a profibrotic process. In this study, we are the first to investigate the effect of monocyte-derived microvesicles induced by high glucose on renal mesangial cells.

METHODS
THP1 cells were evoked by high glucose to generate microvesicles, quantified by ELISA. Glucose uptake by THP1 cells was measured using fluorescently-labeled deoxyglucose analog 2-NBDG as a probe. The contents of inflammatory cytokines in microvesicles were detected by western blot. The expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF in human renal mesangial cells after treatment with THP1-derived microvesicles were examined by western blot.

RESULTS
The glucose uptake by THP1 cells was significantly increased after high glucose treatment. High glucose significantly evoked MV generation, which contained increased protein level of IL-6, 8 and MCP-1. The expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF in HRMC were augmented by microvesicles.

CONCLUSIONS
Our study indicates that monocyte-derived MVs induced by high glucose can carry proinflammatory factors, and enhance the expression of the HIF/VEGF pathway in human renal mesangial cells. Our findings may provide a novel potential mechanism in the progression of diabetic nephropathy.


The research was performed on three Hu ewes with rumen fistula and duodenal fistula.After wheat as diet was treated with formaldehyde,total opioid-like bioactivity of duodenal digesta,NAN and VFA of ruminal digesta,total nitrogen and ADF flowed into duodenum,and plasma insulin levels was analyzed.Results showed that comparing with that of control period,intake of coarse fodder increased by 7.99%(P0.05),NAN flowed into duodenum increased by 20.16%(P0.01),digestion of ADF increased by 8.79%(P0.01),BPN increased by 38.70%(P0.01),total opioid-like bioactivity of duodenal digesta increased by 72.30%(P0.01),plasma insulin levels increased by 104.91%(P0.05).It was concluded that formaldehyde treatment of wheat in diet can improve digestion metabolism and endocrine of the sheep.


Graber, Harris and Starr proved, when n ≥ 2d, the irreducibility of the Hurwitz space H0 d,n(Y ) which parametrizes degree d coverings of a smooth, projective curve Y of genus ≥ 1, simply branched in n points, with full monodromy group Sd. We sharpen this result and prove that H0 d,n(Y ) is irreducible if n ≥ max{2, 2d − 4} and in the case of elliptic Y if n ≥ max{2, 2d− 6}. We extend the result to coverings simply branched in all but one point of the discriminant. Fixing the ramification multiplicities over the special point we prove that the corresponding Hurwitz space is irreducible if the number of simply branched points is ≥ 2d−2. We study also simply branched coverings with monodromy group 6= Sd and when n is large enough determine the corresponding connected components of Hd,n(Y ). Our results are based on explicit calculation of the braid moves associated with the standard generators of the n-strand braid group of Y .


Necati Cumalı is an important Republic writer who has devoted his entire life to writing in a very productive way. Cumalı has twenty-nine plays written in addition to his stories, novels and poems. Some of these works have been staged as theater. Some of his novels have been the subject of Yeşilçam movies. When looking at Necati Cumalı's processing of his works, rural relations and human relations in town life draw attention. These relationships are emphasized as family life and neighborhood relationships of quite ordinary people. The messages of these relations critically show the place of women in the traditional culture of the young Republic in patterns such as sexuality, deception, quarrel, gossip and land fight. In his works, Cumali, has covered the roles and status of female characters in traditional culture. While describing the ordinary woman, he gives the feelings of the woman being oppressed and destroyed in the culture. In addition to the female figure who succumbed to this destruction, he also included female figures surrendering to her feelings and desires. The most interesting of these female figures is the female model in Dila Hanım 's work. Dila Hanım has gone beyond ordinary female figures. Dila Hanım appears before the reader as a female figure riding a horse, using a gun, holding her grudge and blood on the ground. Dila Hanım, who is a strong character, could not oppose the tradition. She preferred to commit suicide instead of love. For this reason, Dila Hanım from the stories of Cumalı was examined in this study.


In previous editorials in this series (1, 2), we described a path that leads from health care research evidence to evidence-based health care. The steps include getting the evidence straight, developing evidence-based clinical policy, and then applying the policy.


Neuropathy is the most common perplexity of diabetes type 1 and 2.
About 50% of diabetic patients develop diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP). At the beginning of diabetic
neuropathy, there is a loss of sense, especially in the lower limb, accompanied by pain, and
difficulty in movement. Glucose regulation effectively prevents the development of diabetic neuropathy
in type 1 diabetic patients, but the consequences in type 2 diabetic patients are more drastic.

No single treatment exists to prevent or renovate the pain caused by diabetic neuropathy.
The drugs used for the treatment of DNP come in various formulations and with different storage
conditions. To date, a number of analytical methodologies have been reported for the analysis
of DNP drugs. Few reports are published describing analytical methods of single DNP drugs.

The main objective of this review is to compile the different analytical methods developed
at UV-Vis (Ultraviolet-visible) spectrophotometer, HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography),
and LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography-Mass spectrometry) to identify and quantify the
drug content in various formulations, which are used to treat or prevent the diabetic neuropathic
pain mainly focusing on γ-aminobutyric acid analogues, anti-depressants, Serotonin Noradrenaline
Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs), aldose reductase inhibitors, opioids, and dietary supplements.

We have compiled UV-Vis, HPLC, and Liquid Chromatography-Mass
spectrometry analytical methods developed to study the pharmacokinetic profile, quantify drug content,
and their metabolites in plasma as well as pharmaceutical formulations.

The authors believe that the mentioned studies in the report will help audible readers
to select a suitable method for analysis of these drugs and also help researchers to develop a more
convenient, fast, and sensitive method for these.


The Yellow River water environment information management system is a computer network system covering the whole basin,the construction of which includes a computer network construction and software development.The software involves database,GIS,and man machine interface.The investment in the system is huge and the period of construction is long,thus,a good design is very important.The design schemes are summarized in this paper.According to the present computer technology,some new methods used in network design and software development are introduced,and it is suggested that expandability and opening of the system should be considered in system construction.


Continued research and development efforts are being pursued to improve accuracy, minimize costly overestimates, and increase analysis throughput for non-destructive analysis (NDA) of radioactive waste containers. An imaging detector capable of locating and identifying source distributions in a waste container can improve the estimates obtained from an NDA system. This paper presents the approach taken to data handling and analysis for a simulation-based system design study. Simulations were first performed to sample a large, multiparameter design space and were then refined to focus on candidate geometries that proved to have acceptable performance. To handle the anticipated volume of data and to allow efficient search and analysis, a system was devised to organize the simulation and analysis effort, track data files, and construct a data base. Data were evaluated to determine functional relationships between design parameters and performance. A set of performance metrics were developed and applied to compare the results of the simulations.


Tapered nanowire antennas have emerged as a versatile solid-state platform for quantum optics. These broadband photonic structures efficiently funnel the spontaneous emission of an embedded quantum dot into a directive free-space beam. They find application in the realization of bright sources of quantum light, and enable the implementation of giant optical non-linearities, at the single-photon level.

In this work, we discuss advances aiming at further optimizing this light-matter interface. In particular, recent measurements revealed that the thermal excitation of a single nanowire vibration mode can have a sizeable influence on the quantum dot optical linewidth. This motivated a comprehensive theoretical analysis, which shows that the thermally-driven vibrations of the nanowire have a major impact on the quantum dot light emission spectrum. Even at liquid helium temperatures, these prevent the emission of indistinguishable photons. To overcome this intrinsic limitation, we propose several designs that restore photon indistinguishability thanks to a specific engineering of the mechanical properties of the nanowire. We anticipate that such a mechanical optimization will also play a key role in the development of other high-performance light-matter interfaces based on nanostructures.


Following Shastry and Sutherland I construct the super Lax operators for the Calogero model in the oscillator potential. These operators can be used for the derivation of the eigenfunctions and integrals of motion of the Calogero model and its supersymmetric version. They allow us to infer several relations involving the Lax matrices for this model in a fast way. It is shown that the super Lax operators for the Calogero and Sutherland models can be expressed in terms of the supercharges and so-called local Dunkl operators constructed in our recent paper with M Ioffe. Several important relations involving Lax matrices and Hamiltonians of the Calogero and Sutherland models are easily derived from the properties of Dunkl operators.


S a result of cotton collecting expeditions in southern Mexico and Central AAmerica by J 0. WARE, T. R. RICHMOND, C. W. MANNING, and S. G. STEPHENS during 1946-48, some 600 introductions were brought to the United States. In the past two years, STEPHENS made additional collections in Central America and the West Indies; but only a few of these cottons have been studied in new plantings. Parts of the earlier collections have been grown at College Station, Texas; Santa Rita, Puerto Rico; Shambat, Sudan; Namulonge, Uganda; and Iguala, Mexico. On the basis of the African plantings and other studies, HUTCHINSON ( 195 1 ) described seven taxonomic races of Gossypium hirsutum L. In the tropical locations, the G. hirsutum introductions flowered the first season they were grown; but many of them failed to initiate fruit forms before frost in the latitude of the Cotton Belt of the United States. Almost without exception, the stocks which flowered in the Cotton Belt belonged to the race which HUTCHINSON described as latifolium. This race was considered by HUTCHINSON (1951) to be an annual form while the other six races-morrilli, richmondi, palmeri, punctatum, yucatanense, and marie-galante-were classified as perennials. A. LANG (unpublished) found that types of cotton which failed to flower in the field at College Station, Texas, could be induced to flower by subjecting them to photoperiods of nine to ten hours; therefore, he considered them to be short-day plants. He was also able to induce flowering of the short-day types during long days by grafting them on a two-branched, day-neutral stock and then removing terminal buds, juvenile leaves, and fruit forms from the day-neutral portion after the branch had attained a length of 14 to 16 inches. At the same time, mature leaves were removed from the grafted branch. A series of experiments was conducted to determine the inheritance of fruiting response in cotton. In the first paper LEWIS and RICHMOND (1957) reported the results of studies involving marie-galante and a day-neutral variety. In the second paper LEWIS and RICHMOND (1960) worked with crosses between short-


Despite the general evaluations that the migrations caused by the Mongolian destruction of the towns, cities and states had become very influential on the Anatolian sufism, the thorough investigation of this process has not been adequately elucidated upon. In the same regard, the question of which sheikhs and derwishes found their way to Anatolia from Central Asia as a result of the Mongolian invasions has not been decidedly answered. Another issue waiting for a comprehensive analysis is what kind of the power, society and tasawwuf structure that these sheikhs and derwishes encountered and how these groups transformed the religious and sufi aspects of the society. This study seeks the answers to the questions and issues above by taking Kübrevi derwish Necmeddîn-i Daye's life and Anatolian adventure into consideration. In his work titled Mirsâdü'l-İbâd dedicated to the Seljukid ruler Alaeddin Keykubad, Daye narrated what he experienced during the Mongols period, why he migrated to Anatolia, and which route he passed during the migration. In this respect, his accounts are distinctive. Another aspect that underlines his peculiarity as a source is that his accounts reveal some significant elaborations on the Anatolian sufi life. In another work titled Mermûzât-ı Esedî, and dedicated to the sovereign of Erzincan Alaeedin Davudşah, Daye told the story of why he left Anatolia where he came to start a new life. Although his descriptions of the events and the situations in this work were subjective in some aspects, they contribute to our understanding of the aforementioned structures in Medieval Anatolia from the perspective of a derwish. In this sense, every line in the scope of this subject he revealed carries significance distinctively. In this study, in addition to contemporary and modern research, some aspects of the story that are waiting for an answer were tried to be clarified, based on menakbnames considered as the sources of cultural history.


The status of the soft x‐ray beamline BL25SU at SPring‐8 is reported. The beamline performance for circular dichroism measurements using the helicity switching of helical undulator radiation is focused on. Light spots on a sample of the opposite helicities have been observed with a photoelectron emission microscope. The vertical profiles of the spots have almost the same line shape and a positional difference of ∼ 0.5 μm. The horizontal spot positions coincide, but the horizontal spot widths are different by ∼ 7 %. The energy difference of the monochromatized light between the opposite helicities has been estimated to be less than or comparable to 1 meV in the Ne 1s absorption region. The kick angle of the kicker magnets has been increased from 0.2 to 0.3 mrad to avoid penetration of the higher harmonics.


In Mureş County, year 2015, the secondary sector comprised a total number of 42,427 workers, fifth place of the 10 Transylvanian counties (11.2% of the 377,517 employees). Thusly, the values of industrial production were structured as follows: light industry (18.3%, 7,763 employees), wood processing industry (17.7%, 7,513), food industry (16.8%, 7,129), machine industry (16.5%, 6,989), chemical, cellulose and paper industry (8.8%, 3,739), construction material industry (7%, 3,003), extractive industry (6.2%, 2,661), other industrial branches (4%, 1,662), electricity industry (3.3%, 1,398), and metallurgical industry (1.4%, 570).


In the transformation process of the ethical norm from the traditional to the modern in today's Chinese society,the ethical concepts and the morality changes of the Social Vulnerable Groups is an important aspect.Based on the survey and theoretical analysis,the current ethics relations of urban vulnerable groups basically extended the "tradition",but the "nature" tended to be "modern".On this basis,focus on the potential risks and and its reasons of the ethical conflict between Vulnerable groups with other groups,and sociaty,and point out the corresponding ethics measures.


The term "halal" has spread to the everyday language of non-Muslims. Originally connected to a complex theological-doctrinal practice, the word has taken on new meanings from usages growing out of Muslim immigration and the consequent development of commercial halal markets. Against this background, the uncertain and inconsistent response of institutions stands out: defenseless against the aggressiveness of the market and inclined to intermittent and often contradictory responses to challenges posed by cultural diversity and religious pluralism


Objectives/Hypothesis: This experiment studied a new aerodynamic parameter, phonation threshold flow, along with phonation threshold pressure, by varying prephonatory glottal width in canine larynges ex vivo. Goals were to examine phonation threshold flow as a measurable parameter sensitive to physiologic changes in the vocal folds and compare the relative sensitivities of phonation threshold flow and phonation threshold pressure.


This issue of DMD marks the beginning of a year-long celebration of the 50 anniversary of the journal. The content of the first (Jan–Feb 1973) issue of DMD consisted entirely of the proceedings of the Second International Symposium on Microsomes and Drug Oxidations (MDO, https://MDO.pharmacy.arizona.edu), which took place in July 1972 at Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. The issue contained 64 articles and was literally a "book," as it was referred to in the Preface of that issue, written by Ronald W. Estabrook, James R. Gillette, and Kenneth C. Leibman. The contributors to that issue included most, if not all, of the major figures in the drug metabolism field from that period. The Preface also credited the First MDO meeting, held in 1968 at the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA, for fueling the rapid growth of the scientific literature in the field of drug metabolism, which in turn led to the establishment of this new journal. The journal was titled Drug Metabolism and Disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, until 2000, when it became just Drug Metabolism and Disposition (DMD). The Editorial to launch the new journal by the founding Editor, Kenneth C. Leibman, was published in the second DMD issue (Leibman, 1973). The Editorial elegantly reviewed the history of drug metabolism studies, quoting Paracelsus and recounting the progression from Buchheim's student Schmiedeberg to E. K. Marshall, R. T. Williams, and then B. B. Brodie and "the renaissance of interest in drug metabolism and disposition." Dr. Liebman credited "the development of still more powerful techniques for the separation and characterization of drugs and their metabolites, and for probes of their molecular interactions with cellular constituents" for the "remarkable advances in our understanding of the fate of foreign chemicals in living matter and of the mechanisms of their biotransformation and translocation," as well as the pressure to institute "new journals devoted exclusively to this subdiscipline." The inaugural Editorial also expressed a wish to make DMD "an instrument of greatest usefulness to the community of workers in the field." This noble wish has been an important guiding principle for the journal as it has stood the test of time and become the leading journal in the DMD field. Over the past 50 years, DMD has published nearly 9000 papers. It is the journal of choice for publishing first-rate fundamental as well as translational DMD research, where new trends, regulations, and concepts are introduced, differing opinions are debated, and important works from PhD dissertations and new drug approval pipelines are archived. The topics covered by DMD have evolved along with the rapid changes in the broader biomedical science fields. However, the focus on drug metabolism and disposition has remained true through the past 50 years. Frequency analysis of relevant title words of all papers published in the first 5 years and those published in the past 5 years suggests a dominance of studies on "rats" and "microsomes" in the early years and of studies on "drug", "humans," "transport," and "pharmacokinetic models" in recent years. The words "metabolic" and "cytochrome/CYP" studies appeared to be equally well-represented in both periods (Fig. 1). The success of DMD can be attributed in part to the vision and leadership of its Editors. A total of eight individuals have had the opportunity to lead the journal in the last 50 years, as shown in Table 1. The journal's success is also due to the combined efforts of everyone else involved, the Associate Editors (AEs), Editorial Advisory Board (EAB) members, reviewers, staff, ASPET Publications Committee and Council, and, perhaps most importantly, our authors, who placed their trust in the journal. Fig. 2 displays the last names that appeared 50 times or more as authors of a DMD article in the past 50 years. Particularly noteworthy are four authors who have published 80 or more papers in DMD (Table 2). Of these, Scott Obach is a current AE; Miki Nakajima is a current EAB member; Yuichi Sugiyama is being featured in a DMD special section on "Mechanism-Based Predictive Methods in Drug Discovery and Development" in 2023; and Curtis Klaassen was featured in a recent special section on "Bile Acids, Drug Metabolism, and Toxicity (https://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/ 50/4/422). A token of appreciation will be presented to each of them as "Most Prolific Author in DMD" in the near future. Congratulations! A number of special sections and commissioned articles are planned as a special 50 Anniversary Celebration Collection. The current (January) issue contains five papers from this collection. Fred Guengerich wrote an insightful historical as well as future perspective titled "Drug Metabolism: A Half-Century Plus of Progress, Continued Need, and New Opportunities" (Guengerich, 2022). Five former DMD editors (Edward T. Morgan, Raymond F. Novak, James R. Halpert, Eric F Johnson, and Jeffrey C. Stevens) have worked together and contributed unique and valuable perspectives on the evolution of the journal from 1994 to 2020 (Morgan et al., 2022). James R. Halpert and his former associates also provided a historical perspective on "Four Decades of CYP2B Research: From Protein Adducts to Protein Structures and Beyond" (Roberts et al., 2022). Hiroshi Yamazaki and Makiko Shimizu wrote a mini-review on "Species Specificity and Selection of Models for Drug Oxidations Mediated by Polymorphic Human Enzymes" (Yamazaki and Shimizu, 2022). Kerry B. Goralski and colleagues provided an ASPET symposium report on the very timely topic of "COVID-19 Vaccines and the Virus: Impact on Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics" (McColl et al., 2022). 96 1521-009X/51/1/96–98$35.00 dx.doi.org/10.1124/dmd.122.001179 DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION Drug Metab Dispos 51:96–98, January 2023 Copyright © 2022 by The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics


Lysine and glucose‐containing food ingredients, a new amadori reaction compound lysinyl‐fructose (LF) was synthesizd and purified. Amino acid derivatives such as LF are formed through Amadori rearrangement, the early step of Maillard reaction from lysine and glucose. Millard reaction products were prepared by heating of Lysine and glucose at 70 °C for 3 hours. After cooling to a certain temperature and the reaction solution was heat treated for 10 minutes centrifuged (10,000 × g), and concentrated using a vacuum rotary evaporator taking the supernatant. The sample was concentrated and purified by cation exchange resin to obtain a purified product. To confirm the structure and purity of the sample, LC/MS/MS and HPLC systems were performed. In order to evaluate the bioactivities of LF, antioxidant activity was investigated using oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) method. The inhibitory activity of LF against porcine pancreatic α‐amylase and rat intestinal α‐glucosidases(sucrase, maltase, glucoamylase) was also investigated. LF had a high α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity as well as the antioxidant activity. These results might be helpful to understand the action activities mechanism of LF.


SUMMARY: Andrei Skorobogatov addresses the figure of Paul I, one of the most controversial monarch of the Russian eighteenth century. Apart from the psychological drama that forced Paul to denounce his mother's rule, the author argues that the symbolism of the Paul's "scenario of power" focused on legitimacy and hereditary power, which was characteristic of the Muscovite period rather than imperial. Paul's interest in the Muscovite doctrine of Filofei led to intensified attention to matters of spirituality. The identification of the monarch and the sacred was also reflected in the attempts of Paul to intervene in the spiritual life and to promote spiritual orders in Russia.


Objectives: Healthy aging is a natural human right and emotion regulation is an important factor in improving mental health promotion in different developmental ages. This study aims to compare emotion regulation in older and younger adults. Methods & Materials: This is a causal-comparative study. The study population includes all older and younger adults in Tehran in 2019. Of these, 235 were selected using a convenience sampling method. They completed Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), Mentalized Affectivity Scale (MAS), and Emotion Regulation of Others and Self (ERO and ERS) questionnaires. Data analysis was performed using multivariate analysis of variance, independent t-test, and paired t-test in SPSS v. 20 software. Results: The scores of DERS (F= 17.08, P<0.001), ERQ (F= 16.07, P<0.001), and ERS (t = -12.2, P= 0.35) were significantly higher in older adults than younger adults, while there was no significant difference between them in MAS (t = -1.29, P= 0.198) and ERO (F= 0.256, P= 0.614) scores. Conclusion: The scores of DERS, ERS, and cognitive reappraisal subscale of ERQ are higher in older adults, but there is no significant difference between older and younger adults in the scores of MAS and ERO. Mental health professionals can take effective measures at the community level based on these findings to promote emotional health and psychological well-being of older people.


providers of maternity care and between the medical profession and the users of maternity services, feminists have made important contributions to rewriting the history of maternity care and also to the contemporary debates about obstetric practices, and these too are reflected in Marjorie Tew's 'complicated tapestry'. In her final chapter, the Epilogue, Tew argues that pressure for change must come from ' users of the services and from society as a whole, its political leaders and its social policy makers', since it cannot be expected from those who will not benefit from it, the medical profession. The time, she feels, is ripe for counterrevolution and for the end of a harmful professional monopoly. This book does at least deserve a considered response from the medical profession and obstetricians. LYN HARRISON University of Bristol


Objective
To explore the effect of rational emotion therapy on negative emotional effects such as anxiety and depression in night nurses.

Methods
36 night shift nurses were selected as the research subjects.According to the different means of intervention, the nurses were divided into two groups, 18 cases in each group.The control group was not given psychological guidance, the observation group was given reasonable mood therapy.The negative emotions such as anxiety and depression were recorded in the nurses.

Results
After intervention, the anxiety self-rating scale, depression self-rating scale of the observation group were (48.05±2.54)points and (44.65±2.03)points, respectively, which of the control group were (54.02±4.93)points and (48.77± 4.26)points, respectively, the differences were statistically significant (t=4.567, 3.704, all P<0.05). After intervention, the depersonalization score, emotional exhaustion, personal achievement, total occupational burnout feeling of the observation group were (10.05±1.32)points, (14.43±2.13)points, (20.09±2.23)points and (44.65±3.76)points, respectively, which of the control group were (20.03±3.27)points, (34.65±5.19)points, (31.83±3.87)points, (75.54±8.71)points, respectively, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (t=12.007, 15.291, 11.151, 15.291, all P<0.05). The solve problems score, remorse score, help score, fantasy score, retreat score, rationalization score in the observation group were (0.92±0.14)points, (0.76±0.18)points, (0.88±0.19)points, (0.67±0.13)points, (0.54±0.19)points, (0.85±0.21)points, which were higher than those in the control group, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (t=9.300, 11.392, 7.499, 15.944, 9.104, 15.944, all P<0.05).

Conclusion
Adopting rational emotion therapy can effectively reduce the psychological resistance of night nurses, relieve psychological pressure, enhance the ability to cope with stress, and improve the well-being of nurses.

Key words:
Emotions; Anxiety; Depression


Ultraviolet (UV) lamp is the simplest method for sterilizing operating theatre. This method is effective, easily operated, and does not require high cost. Furthermore, there were several studies of microorganism contamination in the air and surface at human operating theatre. However, studies in veterinary operating theatre related to the effectiveness of UV light on sterilization process is still limited, especially in Indonesia. Bacterial contamination samples were collected three times each in three different conditions: A) before surgery and without UV, B) before surgery but UV was already used, and C) after surgery and UV was already used. Samples were taken with settle plate and swab method for collecting the air and operating table contamination, respectively. One-way repeated measures ANOVA determined that there was statistically significant difference in the number of bacterial contaminations between three conditions (A, B, and C) in settle plate method (p=0.009), as well as in swab method (p=0.010). The result revealed that the UV light was effective to sterilize operating theatre, which can be seen from the significant decreases on the number of bacterial contaminations before and after the UV was used, both in settle plate and swab method. The result of this study supported the theory that the UV light can reduce the air bacterial and surface contamination at operating theatre. However, the result of microorganism contaminations in this study was still not appropriate based on the standard minimum of total bacterial in the operating theatre from The Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia. Consequently, the use of another method of sterilization at the operating theatre is still required for a better sterilization result.


PURPOSE: To lower the false alarming ratio by carrying out exclusively processing of input spectra of multi-spectra including signals and background and separating the signals from the background. CONSTITUTION: A sensor 16 collects photons from a target. After decomposing the optical spectra into multi-spectra as input spectra and converting the analog signals into digital values, a spectrometer 18 produces input spectra V, which are multi spectra, and sends out to an electro-optical processor 20. The processor 20 separates the signals which the spectra V include and the signals from background. That is, the processor 20 has N channels, makes (N-1) channels work on targets and the Nth channel work on the background, respectively, and detects a target. Mismatched remaining spectra show the classification precision and a target is characterized by changing the matching filters and further, the matching filters are quantified. Consequently, the processor 20 can send a quantified measured value of a target.


The first category includes endemic African diseases which have evolved with and cycle in the various indigenous wildlife populations which, in turn, act as sylvatic reservoirs of the infectious agents. These diseases usually cause only minimal debility or mortality in indigenous wildlife and the infections are often subclinical. In contrast, infection of domestic livestock with these agents usually results in high morbidity and variable mortality. They are thus of considerable agricultural economic importance. African swine fever, African horse sickness, foot and mouth disease (SA T virus types), bovine malignant catarrh, bluetongue, Rift Valley fever, trypanosomiasis and theileriosis are good examples of this disease category. The second category includes exotic diseases which have been, or are suspected of having been introduced onto the African continent (by domestic animals). These diseases are capable of infecting certain species of indigenous wildlife, often causing large-scale morbidity and mortality. Rinderpest, rabies, anthrax and brucellosis are good examples of this category. This paper reviews our present knowledge and the current status of such diseases in South Africa.


REPORT OF A CASE A 29-year-old man was admitted to the hospital, complaining of progressive weakness, chills, headache, nausea, and vomiting. On admission, he was cyanotic and in moderate distress. Cardiac examination disclosed a laterally displaced apex beat, a powerful right ventricular parasternal lift, and a loud pulmonary component of the second heart sound. All peripheral arterial pulses were decreased. Other significant findings included asymptomatic yellow papules on the neck and lower abdomen (Fig 1) and abnormal findings on fundus examination (Fig 2). He had been well until three years previously, when he developed progressive dyspnea on exertion and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. Chest roentgenogram showed an enlarged cardiac silhouette with prominent central and pulmonary arteries, consistent with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Echocardiography showed enlargement of all chambers and extensive calcification of the left ventricular and left atrial endocardium. Computed tomographic scans confirmed the presence of calcifications in the endocardium (Fig 3,


This paper analyzes the authentication security of lightweight authenticated cipher ACORN, a second-round candidate of the CAESAR competition. We first put forward the necessary and sufficient conditions for state collisions of ACORN. Then we point out the errors of the designer's analysis and utilize a reverse derivation method to find proper input differences to the registers which can ensure that the state differences get eliminated in certain rounds. Last but not least, we redefine the differential properties of the overall feedback function to compute the probability of state collisions more precisely and improve the security margin of ACORN given by the designer.


Objective To improve the diagnosis of and treatment effect on patients with severe pneumonia.Methods Retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 40 cases with severe pneumonia was conduted.Results People caught severe pneumonia mostly in spring and winter,the clinical characteristics were not typical,and the symptoms were complications outside the lung.Conclusion Improving the prognosis of pneumonia in the patients relies on early diagnosis and timely accurate treatment,In order to shorten the course and reduce the cost of treatment.


The necessity of the introduction of the «time-space» concept's sociological context («chronotope» by M. Bakhtin) has been grounded. Theoretical and methodological basis of the study are some chronotop ideas, which had been described in the papers of M. Bakhtin, E.Giddens, who are the representatives of phenomenological sociology, etc. In these papers, time and space are understood as a fundamental interrelated forms that give sense to human experience and which are consistent. The purpose of the article is to analyze the concept of «time-space» from a sociological point of view, as well as to suggest the pos- sibilities of its use in a sociological context. The main categories are the chronotope social time and social space. It has been shown that the idea of the chronotope reflects the significant importance of temporal and spatial relations. All processes, phe- nomena and conceptualized events, existing in society and human life, are included not only in the sphere of temporal-spatial existence, but also in the realm of sense. Such senses doesn't have material reality, they have a subjective meaning. In social sciences, chronotope definition is inseparable from space. Due to the indissoluble unity (without merger), temporal and spatial definitions of chronotope has a clear but abstract character. Chronotope is interpreted as a combination of temporal and spatial characteristics (it is impossible to separate them), which are seen as set of changes from general social to specific ones. The necessity to describe chronotope as the social sense of reality in a whole or some of its specific component in particular, has been proven. The chronotopes of time and space are united not only mechanically, the necessary alternation between subjective – objective ones can be detected. Sometimes space is an objective then it is subjective. This alternation enables the communication of internal and external. Thus, social space and social time in the modern sociology of scientific thought act mainly as concepts that have mutual dependencies and are not united by the single concept. Due to this, the concept of «time-space» («chronotope») can be used in measuring of the social time and space, as well as in finding a common direction and understanding of the socially significant importance of the social reality's description.


The invention discloses a method for preparing gas-phase hydrogen chloride by utilizing chlorosilane residue and belongs to the field of polycrystalline silicon residue treatment. The method comprises the following steps: performing hydrolysis reaction on the chlorosilane residue under a high-concentration sulfuric acid atmosphere, wherein hydrogen chloride gas is difficult to dissolve in liquid and can volatilize under the water absorption effect of the sulfuric acid; guiding the hydrogen chloride gas, the hydrogen generated from hydrolysis reaction and vaporized chlorosilane residue into a condenser and a high-pressure separator in turn; and treating and then separating, thereby acquiring a hydrogen chloride product. According to the invention, the production process is simple and reasonable, the resource utilization problem of the chlorosilane residue can be solved and the hydrogen chloride can be effectively recycled.


Abstract The professional activities of 20 randomly-selected internists and general practitioners, in both group and solo practice in San Diego, Calif., were observed for 1 week in order to determi...


A compact analog programmable multi-dimensional radial basis function (RBF) based classifier is demonstrated. The probability distribution of each feature in the templates modeled by a Gaussian function is approximately realized by the transfer characteristics of a floating-gate bump circuit. The maximum likelihood, the mean, and the variance can be inde- pendently programmed. By cascading these floating-gate bump circuits, the transfer characteristics approximate a multivariate Gaussian function with a diagonal covariance matrix. An array of these circuits constitute a compact multi-dimensional RBF- based classifier. When followed by a winner-take-all circuit, the RBF-based classifier forms an analog vector quantizer. We use receiver operating characteristic curves and equal error rate to evaluate the performance of our analog classifiers. We show that the analog classifier performance is comparable to that of digital counterparts. The proposed approach can be at least two orders of magnitude more power efficient than the digital microprocessors at the same task.


A method to calibrate the geometries of hydrophone arrays using the sound emitted from nearby ships, is presented. The calibration problem is formulated as a simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) estimation problem, where the locations and geometries of the arrays are viewed as unknown map states and the position of the source is viewed as the unknown dynamic state. Two models for the geometry of the arrays are presented. The first model does not impose any constraint on array geometry, whereas the second model takes into account the known maximum distance between the hydrophones. The performance of the proposed calibration method is evaluated using data from two PASS-2447 Omnitech Electronics Inc. 56-element hydrophone arrays. Tests with three data sets show that array geometries in the north-east plane can be consistently estimated. Only the second model provides consistent results in the depth direction. The calibration of the array geometries is shown to increase source localization accuracy significantly.


Photonic technology is widely based on anisotropic (and) nonlinear materials, which allow light modulation and parametric light conversion. Because the number of naturally occurring crystals is limited, there is a growing demand for artificial metamaterials with optical properties specifically tailored to a given application. Here, we utilize the top-down method to synthesize sub-wavelength periodic nanostructures inside a uniaxial optically nonlinear crystal (lithium niobate, LiNbO3) by irradiating it with multiple femtosecond laser pulses. By superimposing form-birefringence associated with the light-induced nanostructures onto natural birefringence of the host crystal we create macroscopic domains of a biaxial metamaterial embedded into otherwise uniaxial medium.


'In controversies about technology and society', Langdon Winner's (1980) famous article on the 'Politics of Artifacts' begins, 'there is no idea more provocative than the notion that technical things have political qualities' (p. 121). Indeed, in media and communication research, the idea that media should have any kind of demonstrable effect is usually treated with profound scepticism. The field has, at least in its Anglo-American tradition, largely concerned itself with media content, rather than media technologies, and relegated research that zeroed in on the structural qualities of the technologies themselves to its margins, under the label 'medium theory'. The figure at the helm of this tradition, Marshall McLuhan, arguably posed the biggest provocation of all; his work lacked all the usual markers of academic rigour: linearity, structured argument, empirical evidence. His one-liner 'the medium is the message' is, in the words of Paddy Scannell (2007), 'brilliant' and 'illuminating' – a shame he rarely allowed himself to be 'intimidated by facts' (p. 132). All the more reason, then, to carry on ignoring a thinker whose writing is at least as idiosyncratic as that of McLuhan, for whom Martin Heidegger is the greatest philosopher of all time, and whose thesis, in brief, is that 'media determine our situation' (Kittler, 1999: xxxix). Friedrich Kittler (1943–2011), the German literary scholar and media historian, has long been read in departments of German, English Literature and, at times, philosophy. He has been notably absent, however, from bookshelves and reading lists in departments of Media and Communication. There are plenty of reasons not to read Kittler. First, most of his work is only available in German. Second, it is difficult to read, even for speakers of German. As an undergraduate student of Medienwissenschaft at a University in Southern Germany, I spent 3 years reading mostly Kittler, to the extent that when I applied for doctoral study in the United Kingdom, I was told that I would have to simplify my writing – English had little tolerance for the heavily inflected style that has since become known as Kittlerdeutsch. Kittler writes in ellipses – and in a way that suggests he takes it as given that you have read the German Romantics, are familiar with European military history and are well versed in the philosophy of the Ancients. Some call it arrogance. Most culpably, though, Kittler is unapologetic about his technological determinism: he has no interest in hermeneutics and cultural studies. Machines, he was adamant throughout his career, determine our situation. 618866 MCS0010.1177/0163443715618866Media, Culture & SocietyBook Review research-article2015


Genomic DNA samples from 63 unrelated patients with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (ADRP) and 33 patients with autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa (ARRP) were screened by single-strand conformational polymorphism analysis followed by direct sequencing. Clinical features associated with a mutation were demonstrated by visual acuity, visual field testing, fundus photography, and electroretinography. Subjects and methods


The author sums up the results of the 20-year activity of the Dissertation Committee of the Novosibirsk State Conservatory in defenses of dissertations for the academic degree of Candidate of Arts and the academic degree of Doctor of Arts in the ield of "The Art of Music," No. 17.00.02. After a brief excursus into the history of its creation, information is provided about the structure of the Committee, represented by 18 Doctors of Science – researchers of various branches of musical scholarship, well-known in Russia. Notice is given of the main trends of dissertations related to issues of historical and theoretical musicology, philosophy and aesthetics, culturology, stylistic orientations of the art of music, synaesthesia and interaction of music with contiguous forms of art, studies of medieval music, traditional and academic music of Siberia, the musical culture of the countries of South, South-East Asia and Central Asia, the Middle and Near East, studies of local musical lore, the art of musical performance, musical education and pedagogy, informational technologies and musical activities. The geography of the Committee's scholarly inluence is immense, spanning the entire territory from Vladivostok and Khabarovsk to St. Petersburg and Krasnodar. The author illuminates the subject matter of defended dissertations (1-30, including 20 dissertations for the degree of Doctor of Arts), representing a diverse palette of Russian musicology. Special mention is made of dissertations the subject matter and academic level of which are of special interest for present-day studies of the art of music. Keywords: Dissertation Committee, Novosibirsk Conservatory, scholarly trends in musicologists, Doctor of Arts, Candidate of Arts, opponent, musical culture of Siberia


This work focuses on the analysis for multicast services in fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication system. We investigate the physical- layer wireless multicast technology in massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) mutual coupling channel model, and proposed the hybrid unicast/multicast transmission system. The mutual coupling channel model is adopted to describe the channel characteristics under the linear antenna array scenario and the rectangular antenna array scenario. The proposed hybrid transmission scheme adopts multicast beamforming in the multicast groups as well as multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) linear precoding in the unicast group to increase system throughput. The null-space method based interference cancellation is further performed between each group to eliminate signal leakage generated from each group. Comparisons between two types of antenna array configurations, different channel models, linear precoding as well as multicast beamforming, and user grouping strategies for multicast services are presented and analyzed by simulation.


Background: The application of technology in this digital era is diverse, especially in the academic field. Students use AI tools to complete academic assignments for a variety of reasons. ChatGPT is one of the AI tools used. Study aims: The purpose of this study is to measure the academic resilience of graduate students and to investigate the rationale behind the decision of ChatGPT usage. Method: The mix-method was used in this study. The sample was determined using simple purposive sampling with criteria determined by the researchers. The quantitative data of this study was by distributing questionnaires about academic resilience using ARS-30 and analyzed it using SPSS 26.00. And for the qualitative data, the researchers used forum group discussion to investigate the rationale behind the decision of ChatGPT usage. Results: The findings showed that Academic Resilience affects how student manage their coursework responsibilities and how they use ChatGPT. Conclusion: The usage of ChatGPT has for academic purposes must be encouraged by emphasizing ethical and responsible manner.


We establish a connection between the general equations of nonlinear elastodynamics and the nonlinear ordinary differential equation of Pinney [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 1 (1950) 681]. As a starting point, we use the exact travelling wave solutions of nonlinear elasticity dis-covered by Carroll [Acta Mechanica 3 (1967) 167]. The connection provides a method for finding new exact and approximate dynamic solutions for neo-Hookean and Mooney-Rivlin solids, and for the general third- and fourth-order elasticity models of incompressible solids.


Manganese (Mn)‐based compounds are important materials for both energy conversion and energy storage. Unfortunately, it has been a significant challenge to develop highly ordered microporous/mesoporous structures for them to provide more active sites for these applications. In order to do so using the soft‐templating method, three conditions have to be met, namely, a strong interaction between the inorganic precursor and the organic templates; eliminating the formation of bulk manganese phosphate; and the preservation of the manganese phosphate framework without it collapsing upon template removal. Herein, a soft‐templating approach is reported using an organophosphonic acid (n‐hexylphosphonic acid) as both the etching and the templating agent, followed by high‐vacuum‐assisted annealing. This approach simultaneously satisfies the above conditions. Both microporous and mesoporous manganese phosphates with uniform pore sizes and well‐defined pore structures are obtained. The utilization of the organophosphonic acid is shown to be the key in the transformation from bulk manganese oxide into a highly ordered microporous phosphate. A very high surface area of 304.1 m2 g−1 is obtained for the microporous manganese phosphate, which is the highest among the reported values for Mn‐based compounds. The ultrafine micropores and high specific surface area of our manganese phosphate promote electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen evolution reaction.


The propagation of waves in the solar atmosphere is investigated with respect to the problem of the chromospheric spiculae and of the heating of the solar chromosphere and corona. In particular the influence of external magnetic fields is considered. Waves of finite amplitudes are numerically calculated by solving the time-dependent magnetohydrodynamic equation for two spatial dimensions by assuming axial symmetry. For the case without a magnetic field the comparison between one dimensional and two dimensional treatment shows the strong influence of the radial propagation on the steepening of waves in the vertical direction. In the presence of a magnetic field it is shown that the propagation is strongly guided along the lines of force. The steepening of the waves along the field is much larger as compared to the case where no field is present.


Cooperation and the allocation of common resources are core features of social behavior. Games idealizing both interactions have been studied separately. But here, rather than examining the dynamics of the individual games, the interactions are combined so that players first choose whether to cooperate, and then, if they jointly cooperate, they bargain over the fruits of their cooperation. It is shown that the dynamics of the combined game cannot simply be reduced to the dynamics of the individual games and that both cooperation and fair division are more likely in the combined game than in the constituent games taken separately.


Inpatient podiatry services were newly established in the South West of England following a peer review process and recommendations. The formation of the Podiatry InPatient Skills Set (PIPSS) group in 2016 allowed for peer learning and improved inpatient care across Trusts. A multi-centred survey demonstrated the value of inpatient podiatry services as an integral member of the multidisciplinary diabetic foot team (MDFT), as well as improved patient care, discharge planning and education of staff. This article describes the successes and challenges of setting up inpatient podiatry services.


The Dialogue has received great attention from the media.China Central Television,Xinhua News Agency,Xinhuanet,People's Daily,People's Daily Online,the website of China News Service,China Daily Website,China Radio International,Jiangxi Daily,Information Daily and many other news


We discus Lipschitz continuity of the class of K-q.c. self-mappings of the unit disk satisfying elliptic differential inequality. This cl ass contains conformal mappings and quasiconformal harmonic mappings. We prove the following theorem which can be considered as an extension of


We study positive entropy birational automorphisms of threefolds. We identify some conditions which imply that such an automorphism is non-regularizable. We show that this criterion applies in the example of a positive entropy birational automorphism of $\mathbb{P}^3$ constructed by J. Blanc, thus showing that for a general choice of parameters it is non-regularizable. Additionally, we establish a criterion which proves that the automorphism in this example does not preserve a structure of a fibration over a surface.