The mechanisms and processes driving change and variation in the genome size (GS) are not well known, and only a small set of ant species has been studied. Ants are an ecologically successful insect group present in most distinct ecosystems worldwide. Considering their wide distribution and ecological plasticity in different environmental contexts, we aimed to expand GS estimation within Formicidae to examine distribution patterns and variation in GS and base composition and to reconstruct the ancestral state of this character in an attempt to elucidate the generalized pattern of genomic expansions. Genome size estimates were generated for 99 ant species, including new GS estimates for 91 species of ants, and the mean GS of Formicidae was found to be 0.38 pg. The AT/GC ratio was 62.40/37.60. The phylogenetic reconstruction suggested an ancestral GS of 0.38 pg according to the Bayesian inference/Markov chain Monte Carlo method and 0.37 pg according to maximum likelihood and parsimony methods; significant differences in GS were observed between the subfamilies sampled. Our results suggest that the evolution of GS in Formicidae occurred through loss and accumulation of non-coding regions, mainly transposable elements, and occasionally by whole genome duplication. However, further studies are needed to verify whether these changes in DNA content are related to colonization processes, as suggested at the intraspecific level.


This study aims to describe the integrated anti-corruption values in Islamic Religious Education courses at the University of Lampung. The research method used is qualitative with a phenemological approach. Data obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation, data analysis steps using condensation, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results of this study indicate that the internalization of anti-corruption values uses an integrative model. The nine anti-corruption values are integrated into four materials, namely God and religion, human nature and the universe, the sources of Islamic teachings; and creed, sharia, morality and muamalah. Internalization of these values uses the method of Small Group Discussion, Role-Play and Simulation, Discovery Learning, Self-Directed Learning, Cooperative Learning, Collaborative Learning, Contextual Teaching and Learning, Project Based Learning.


Repeated games and long-term best-response play. We consider the problem of learning during a play of a a repeated game. Existing approaches often focus on algorithms that asymptotically achieve an equilibrium of the one-shot game. We shift away from that paradigm to consider learning strategies that attempt to play long-term best-response to the opponent's observed strategy. This goal may be more appropriate for several reasons:


Ad hoc networks are self-configuring networks of mobile nodes, connected by wireless links. If a destination node is beyond the transmission range of an origin node, then the nodes must cooperate to provide a multi-hop route. Any node can act as a sender, receiver or transit node. It is clear that it is in a nodepsilas interest to be a sender or receiver, but it is less clear what the value is of forwarding traffic on behalf of other nodes. The nodes should therefore be given incentives to act as transit nodes, because otherwise the network would fail to function. A way to do so is by introducing for each node a credit balance, where nodes use credits to pay for the costs of sending their own traffic, and earn credits by forwarding traffic from other nodes. In this paper we focus on the situation where each node can move to improve its utility expressed in terms of either credit balance or throughput. Here radio interference plays a pivotal role, as it defines an interesting trade-off: nodes may prefer to be close together in order to reduce the energy needed to transmit data, but on the other hand proximity increases interference, and has therefore a negative effect on connectivity. Simulation experiments reveal that the positions of the nodes converge to (non-trivial) optimal operating points.


Objective To study the microanatomical structures of sellar region and related structures and evaluate the clinical application of the operating spaces in clinical microsurgical operation.Methods Sellar region and related structures were dissected on 38 adult head specimens,which were filled with red color lacteprene through vertebral artery,and observed in detail under operative microscope.Results The structures of the operating spaces Ⅰ~Ⅴ were described.Conclusion To understand the microsurgical anatomy of the operating spaces in sellar region and protect the perforating branches are the key during the operation.


A follow-up study of 157 consecutive patients who had hyperbilirubinemia was undertaken by questionnaire. Parents of 153 patients answered the questionnaire. Complete examination was carried out on 131 (83.4%) patients and, if the 17 who died are included, a 94.2% follow-up was made.
 The relationship between the level of the serum bilirubin and the development of cerebral palsy showed that 90% of the patients who had a bilirubin level of 35 mg/100 ml and above either died or had cerebral palsy or physical retardation. Of the 131 cases followed up, there were 17 (13.0%) patients who had definite cerebral palsy, 21 (16.0%) who were physically retarded, and 93 (71.0%) who were normal.
 In 129 infants checked for developmental retardation, no instances were found when the serum bilirubin level was below 20 mg/100 ml. There was developmental retardation in 15 patients who had a bilirubin level of 20 mg/100 ml and above. It is felt that this shows there is a definite relation between the height of the bilirubin and the development of cerebral palsy and/or developmental retardation. In this series there were 26 infants with bilirubin levels of 30 mg/100 ml and over. Based on our results, we would suggest that the indication for exchange transfusion should be a total bilirubin level of 20 mg/100 ml for full-term, incompatible infants and for all premature infants; the level for full-term, compatible infants should be 25 mg/100 ml.


Recently, Ostad-Sharif et al. pointed out the susceptibility of three different authentication schemes themed for telecare medicine/medical information systems to key compromise impersonation attack (KCIA). To further address this issue, they proposed an ECC-based authentication and key generation scheme for healthcare applications. In this paper, we show that Ostad-Sharif et al.'s scheme is not only affected with key compromise impersonation attack but also suffers from a key compromise password guessing attack. Several papers have been published by the researchers by applying KCIA on existing authentication protocols. Before any further move in research in this direction, researchers must contemplate about KCIA. We conclude this article with a rigorous analysis of KCIA along with two questions to ponderon for the research community working in this field.


This paper presents the design, development and evaluation of an electromagnetic shock absorber which is to be integrated with a semi-active damper for energy harvesting vibration control of smart structures or vehicles in future studies. The proposed electromagnetic shock absorber mainly consists of a hydraulic motor and a DC generator. A scale-down prototype system and a test-bed which employs a pneumatic actuator were developed to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed electromagnetic shock absorber. Before the construction of the hardware, a preliminary simulation test was done in SimscapeTM physical modeling environment with the aim to ensure the correctness of the proposed design. The built device is also aimed for performing a Hardware/Controller in the Loop Simulation together with the simulation models of the semi-active damper, and the structure/vehicle. The results of the preliminary simulation and the hardware experiment are given to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed energy-harvesting shock absorbing device in this paper.


This paper studies the stability of a class of neutral delay integrodifferential system. A necessary and sufficient condition of stability for its analytic solutions is considered. The improved θ-methods are developed. Some numerical stability properties are obtained and numerical experiments are given.


The purpose of this study is to investigate Bahraini Working Women in Selected Business Industries in the Kingdom of Bahrain. To determine the profile of the respondents; to know the level of employability of Bahraini women in terms of the variables cited; to validate current findings of job opportunities of Bahraini women; and to provide recommendations as to the problems encountered by Bahraini women in relation with their job opportunities.
The researcher conducted interview to the following number of categories, such as banking, education, and marketing, in which the number of years of Bahraini working women (BWWSBI) starts from three (3) years employment onward. The findings revealed that 65% of the BWW engaged in banking sectors, 21% on education, and 14% on marketing aspect relative to the profile of the Bahraini women.
On the motivations of Bahraini working women in terms of the salary benefits; indemnity; and seminars/ travel abroad. It was noted that 73% enjoyed salary benefits and 17% received an indemnity, while only 10% attended seminars/travel abroad. This implies that very few Bahraini women have a chance to travel abroad to attend seminars and trainings as part of their professional as revealed by the respondents.
On the level of performance of Bahraini working women along human relations; leading; and planning. It was noted that 31% employed in human relations and 21% on leading. This implies that some Bahraini women are entrepreneurs; and they have their own business, while only 14% on planning. Hence, the BWWSBI assigned in planning section.


The molecular weight of poly-hydroxybutyric acid (PHB) produced by Alcaligenes sp. K-912 is an important parameter characterizing the physical properties of the polymer. The effects of temperature and the levels of glucose, ammonium, phosphate and amino acids on the molecular weight of PHB were investigated. Molecular weight of PHB by temperature varied in the range of 380,000 to 550,000, 400,000 to 600,000 by glucose, 300,000 to 380,000 by phosphate, 400,000 to 1,000,000 by amino acids, respectively under the experimental conditions.


We are grateful to Professors Nick Fotion, Bashshar Haydar and David L. Perry for their illuminating discussions of our paper, 'Military ethics of fighting terror: An Israeli perspective', published in the present issue of the Journal of Military Ethics. We also thank the editors of the Journal for allowing us to add the present response. Professors Fotion, Haydar and Perry raise many significant issues. We will, however, presently address just a few of them, leaving the discussion of the other interesting points to other occasions.


Emergence of hickory shuckworm, Cydia caryana (Fitch), adults from larval overwintering sites was bimodal. The major emergence peak occurred during the period of mid-March to mid-May and the smaller activity period during July and August. Pheromone trapping was effective for monitoring population trends during generations 1 and 5 of C. caryana but less so during generations 2, 3, and 4. Activity patterns suggest the species is crepuscular rather than truly nocturnal.


The Lamb shift calculation achieved during the years 19481949 is a great work, certainly the most admirable after the publications in 1928 (Darwin, Gordon, Tetrode,..) on the Dirac theory of the electron. It is presented as an "outstanding triumph" of the so called Quantum Fields Theory. But though the caculation is mathematically irreproachable, it contains a nonsense, unsurpassable in the story of sciences : the introduction of the Planck constant in the number π. The origin of this nonsense is based on the fact that the i which lies, multiplied by the Planck constant, in the Dirac equation is a bivector of the spacetime (Hestenes, 1967) and has nothing to do in the electromagnetic potentials as they are presented in the so-called " Theory" of the Quantum Fields. 1. The Quantum Fields Theory The quantum fields theory (QFT) was built on ground of the works of Dirac (1927), Jordan and Pauli (1928), Heisenberg and Pauli (1929). It seems that its purpose is to express as closely as possible the photon as a particle. For describing the two ways of its construction we follow the treatise of W. Heitler [1], considered as the usual reference for the statement of the QFT : 1. A mathematical construction. One considers a "vector potential A which, according to Par. 6 eq. (14) may be written as a series of plane waves" ([1] Par. 7, p. 56, lines 1-3)


The creative industry is one of the industries that currently supports the Indonesian economy. The purpose of this study is to formulate the distribution model of Jember's creative industry towards the international market. This study is quantitative-descriptive research conducted in Jember using SMEs as population. Furthermore, samples were taken by using a non-probability sampling technique with a convenience sampling method. The analytical tool used in this study was a fishbone diagram. The results of the fishbone diagram analysis showed several causes of SMEs growth problems such as the lack of HR skills in foreign languages, the inadequate of sophisticated technology in business, and the minimal amount of business capital. The inappropriate adoption of the technology was then identified as the root cause of the problem. Thus, the distribution model for the creative industry to increase competitiveness in the international market is the technology application in every element of the SMEs.
Keywords: creative industry, distribution model, fishbone diagram, international market


Deficiencies of micronutrients and responses of crops 10 application of micronutrients had been increasingly reported in recent times. With the use of high analysis fertilizers in large amounts. Particularly for high yielding
crops grown under irrigated condition. The removal of micronutrients from the soil through crop uptake had been proportionately high, resulting in depletion of micronutrient reserves from the soil...


The acquisition of the competences of a subject established in the study plan encourages the search for new methods that improve the teaching-learning process, especially in the qualifications that enable the exercise of a profession with legal attributions.Through this text, the results of the application of the peer evaluation system and the co-evaluation of the subject Valuations of Real Estate and Expert reports of the Degree in Building Engineering are explained throughout 5 academic years, allowing to conclude the benefits on the acquisition of skills and improvement of success rates, as well as the implementation of professional powers.


The realization and well application of file system is one of the key partitions to implement the system function in embedded devices.Considering the characteristics of the flash device and the functions of the car-navigation system,the authors analyzed some embedded file systems-Tmpfs、Cramfs and YAFFS,then designed a multi-file system based on ARM microprocessor S3C2410 and embedded linux.This paper describes the details of the method to realize the multi-file system.Through repeated testing in a prototype,it is proved that the file system is feasible and reasonable,and its performance meets the system requirements.


The limited coverage extension of mobile edge computing (MEC) necessitates exploring cooperation with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) to leverage advanced features for future computation-intensive and mission-critical applications. Moreover, the workflow for task offloading in software-defined networking (SDN)-enabled 5G is significant to tackle in UAV-MEC networks. In this paper, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) SDN control methods for improving computing resources are proposed. DRL-based SDN controller, termed DRL-SDNC, allocates computational resources, bandwidth, and storage based on task requirements, upper-bound tolerable delays, and network conditions, using the UAV system architecture for task exchange between MECs. DRL-SDNC configures rule installation based on state observations and agent evaluation indicators, such as network congestion, user equipment computational capabilities, and energy efficiency. This paper also proposes the training deep network architecture for the DRL-SDNC, enabling interactive and autonomous policy enforcement. The agent learns from the UAV-MEC environment through experience gathering and updates its parameters using optimization methods. DRL-SDNC collaboratively adjusts hyperparameters and network architecture to enhance learning efficiency. Compared with baseline schemes, simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in optimizing resource efficiency and achieving satisfied quality of service for efficient utilization of computing and communication resources in UAV-assisted networking environments.


By allowing chlorine gas to flow over solid aluminum at temperatures above 100 8C and under standard pressure conditions, gaseous AlCl3 is formed: Al(s)+ =2 Cl2!AlCl3(g). The experimentally determined reaction energy is 585 kJmol . To understand the fundamental process of dissolving of a metal in an oxidizing atmosphere—this is analogous to dissolving a metal in aqueous acid—intermediate products of individual reaction steps on the metal surface have to be identified. Because of varying surface properties, however, it is difficult to study local (microscopic) reactivity on macroscopic metal surfaces. "Naked" aluminum (Aln) clusters, on the other hand, are well-defined molecular model compounds and as such are well-suited for such investigations. Furthermore, the reactions of [Al13] with iodine and hydrogen iodide have recently attracted significant interest. Here, we report our Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometric investigations on isolated [Al13] clusters and their reactions with chlorine. This is the first time that it has been possible to detect the intermediate products of such reactions, in a time-resolved manner. In particular, single elementary steps of these oxidation processes were identified. Owing to the combination of experimental results and accompanying quantumchemical calculations, a plausible mechanism for the stepwise reactive decomposition of the [Al13] cluster during its reaction with chlorine will be proposed. These elementary steps revealed during the "dissolving" of "naked" metal atom clusters in the gas phase provide topologic and energetic arguments for the understanding of analogous oxidation processes taking place on the bulk metal. After laser desorption ionization (LDI) of LiAlH4 a homologous series of Aln cluster anions was observed by mass spectrometry. Each of these mass spectra were dominated by an intense signal at m/z 350.8, the mass of [Al13] . The stability of these icosahedral [Al13] ions with their 40 valence electrons has been discussed in the past in terms of the jellium-like shell model. In the experiment described here, [Al13] ions were first isolated (stored wave inverse Fourier transformation: SWIFT) in the Penning trap of a FTICR mass spectrometer and then cooled using argon as a collision gas. 6] Upon exposing these [Al13] ions to a chlorine atmosphere of approximately 10 8 mbar, new signals, attributed mainly to [Al11] , [Al9] , and [Al7] (Figure 1), were observed after several tens of seconds. Thus, the [Al13] cluster was decomposed in a stepwise manner to smaller aluminium clusters according to the reaction sequence (1).


Poly(hydroxamic acid) (PHA) chelating resin was synthesized utilizing poly(methylacrylate) (PMA) grafted sago. The PMA grafted copolymer was obtained by free radical initiating process where eerie ammonium nitrate was used as an
initiator. Ester group of PMA were converted to hydroxamic acid groups by treatment of hydroxylamine under alkaline solution. The PHA resin was characterized using FTIR
spectra to determine the functional groups of the ligand. The prepared resin was used to separate heavy metal pairs (Cu-Cd, Cu-Zn, Zn-Cr and Cu-Cr). The separation was done by column technique with HCI as an eluent. It is found that Zn and Cd ions were eluted using 0.001M, 0.01 and 0.1M HCI. Whereas, Cu ion was eluted with 0.lM and 0.5M HCI. Finally Cr ion was eluted with 0.5M and 1.0M HCI. The selectivity of the resin toward the metal ions used was in the following order: Cr³â�o> Cu²â�o> Zn²â�o> Cd²â�o. The rate of exchange of copper, cadmium and chromium ion was rapid where the t½6, 5 and 4 min, respectively and the swelling of the resin was
40.382 g water g�¹.


Lactic acid bacteria isolated from local raw cow's milk are still not well known about their potentialities and genetic performances. Many research group are interested by the different biologicals properties carried by plasmids of these bacteria. Extraction and purification of a 5,3 Kb cryptic plasmid was established in Lactobacillus casei. This plasmid, designed pSU100, has been cloned in the vector of transformation pUC18 localized in the EcoRI site of E. coli JM103. Electrophoretic properties of restriction which has been obtained by simple, double and treple digestions with 33 endonucleases, those digestions permitted the construction of a restriction map of this plasmid. Five single sites have been identified, as well as double and many other sites. A preliminary examination of the physiological properties permitted to identify an antibiotic resistance for Kanamycine.


A transmitter and other features of a communication system include means for determining power of a signal to be pre-distorted for quantizing the power in a predetermined way and for selecting a corresponding power interval. The transmitter and other features also include means for deriving parameters defining a linear curve segment of the selected power interval are disclosed. The transmitter and other features also include means for calculating a gain factor by using the parameters defining the linear curve segment of the selected power interval and means for obtaining a pre-distorted signal.


Analytic phase of the speech signal plays an important role in human speech perception, specially in the presence of noise. Generally, phase information is ignored in most of the recent speech recognition systems. In this paper, we illustrate the importance of analytic phase of the speech signal for noise robust automatic speech recognition. To avoid phase wrapping problem involved in the computation of analytic phase, features are extracted from instantaneous frequency (IF) which is time derivative of analytic phase. Deep neural network (DNN) based acoustic models are trained on clean speech using features extracted from the IF of speech signals. Robustness of IF features in combination with mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) was evaluated in varied noisy conditions. System combination using minimum Bayes risk decoding of IF features with MFCCs delivered absolute improvements of upto 13% over MFCC features alone for DNN based systems under noisy conditions. The impact of the system combination of magnitude and phase based features on different phonetic classes was studied under noisy conditions and was found to model both voiced and unvoiced phonetic classes efficiently.


Peer to peer (P2P) networking has important applications in Internet telephony, online gaming, multimedia communication, instant messaging, file and workspace sharing which raises the need for robust and reliable NAT traversal techniques. This paper discusses current and developing techniques and challenges posed by NAT traversal in P2P networks. Initially Network Address Translation (NAT) detection is categorised and both UDP and TCP traversal techniques are discussed. Methodologies such as Relaying, Connection Reversal, and Hole Punching are then analysed. Finally the development of a testbed is described which can be used to evaluate NAT traversal techniques and to determine appropriate configurations in order to achieve P2P networking.


Transportation industry, comprising of freight transport and warehousing, contributes to around 4% of Canada's GDP, while trucking contributes to one-third of the industry GDP (Transport Canada, 2013; Statistics Canada, 2012). Also, trucking saw higher growth (25%) during the last decade, compared to 20% overall growth of the industry (Statistics Canada, 2012). It is, therefore, important to study how efficiently truck traffic is using the transport system. Analyzing freight performance involves, among other things, calculating congestion in the form of delays or speed, but unfortunately the availability of such data are limited at best (Gordon Proctor & Associates et al., 2011). Automatic speed recorders (dual loop vehicle detectors) on highways provide speed only at certain segments of the road network. The traditional sources of freight performance data are limited to large geographic scales and are not suitable for local planning purposes (Chase et al., 2013). Global Positioning System (GPS) data, derived from trucks, has addressed many of these issues and data gaps, and has been increasingly used in freight analyses. Since 2002, Federal Highway Administration, in partnership with the American Transportation Research Institute, has been studying truck performance on major highways (Jones et al., 2005). Similar attempts have been made to study state level highways (Golias et al., 2012). However, there have been limited attempts, if any, in terms of looking at freight performance in urban areas. This study addresses the gap. Specifically, the study looks at how efficient the freight system is in Halifax. In this study, the focus is on both the road transport network and container operations at the Port of Halifax.


Nine non-obese patients with hyperlipidmmia were studied on a regime of six weeks' placebo and 26 weeks' gemfibrozil in a dosage of 1200 mg daily. No side effects attributable to the drug were seen. A lowering of the mean plasma triglyceride and plasma cholesterol levels was observed which was most marked in the higher ranges, but this was not consistent, particularly at the lower range of Dr I McLean Baird


A financially stricken clinical commissioning group (CCG) has advised patients to pay privately for treatments that it plans to stop funding on the NHS.

Mid Essex CCG, which needs to make drastic savings of £15.7m (€22.4m; $24m) this year to balance its books, is consulting publicly on plans to stop routine funding of vasectomy and sterilisation of women and to limit or stop patients' access through referral by GPs to physiotherapy services.1

The CCG also wants to stop routine funding of hearing aids for people with mild hearing loss and to stop issuing prescriptions for gluten free foods.

Its consultation advises patients to consider paying privately for services that are likely to be restricted under its cost cutting drive.

The CCG is the latest to announce plans to ration care …


This invention relates to polypropylene blends and more particularly to vulcanized blends of polypropylene and rubbery polymers. Prior to the present invention, it was known that poly propylene could be cured by curing agents such as sulfur and a mixture of paraquinone dioxime and benzothiazyl disulfide. It was also known that blends of polyethylene and butyl rubber could be cured with a combination of a bi-functional aromatic compound having two nitrogen containing groups and a free radical catalyst Such as a peroxide catalyst. Recent attempts were made to sub stitute polypropylene for polyethylene in the above blend but attempts to cure this blend were unsuccessful since polypropylene decomposed rapidly at curing temperatures under the influence of the peroxide catalyst. It has now surprisingly been found that blends of poly propylene and vulcanizable rubbery polymers can be cured with curing agents that do not contain peroxides to vulcanizates having tensile strength properties superior to both of the components of the blend. From about 50 to 95 parts of polypropylene and from about 5 to 50 parts of vulcanizable rubbery polymer are used to form the vulcanized blends of the invention. The polypropylene used as a component of the novel vulcanized blends of the invention is the so-called "low pressure' polypropylene, i.e. polypropylene prepared by the polymerization of propylene in an inert diluent with catalyst systems made up of reducible transition metal compounds and reducing metal containing compounds under relatively mild conditions of temperature and pres sure. The general process for polymerizing alpha olefins using such catalyst systems is well-known to the art; see Belgian Patent 533,362, 538,782, "Chemical and Engi neering News,' April 8, 1957, pages 12 through 16, and "Petroleum Refiner," December 1956, pages 191 through 196. The preparation of low-pressure polypropylene is not within the scope of this invention and good descrip tions of processes for its preparation can be found in co pending applications Serial Nos. 578,198, filed April 16, 1956, to Tornqvist et al., and 667,277, filed June 21, 1957, to Langer et al. The polypropylene preferred for use in the invention has a crystallinity above 20%, a viscosity average molec ular weight using the Harris correlation in the range of from 40,000 to 500,000, a tensile strength of from 1,000 to 6,000 p.s. i., a softening point above about 140° C., an apparent modulus of elasticity at 25° C. of from 20,000 to 160,000 and an intrinsic viscosity in tetralin at 125° C. at a concentration of 1. g. per liter of 1.0 to 6.0 The Vulcanizable rubbery polymers useful as the other polymer component of the Vulcanized blends of the inven tion are those rubbery vulcanizable polymers commonly known to the art for use as rubbers, such as butyl rubber, chlorinated butyl rubber, natural rubber, GR-S, neoprene, butadiene acrylonitrile copolymers, polybutadiene, and polyisobutene. Methods for their preparation are well known to the art and are not within the scope of this invention. Chlorinated butyl rubber is a chlorinated copolymer of isobutylene with a conjugated diolefin such as isoprene, butadiene, dimethyl butadiene, piperylene, etc. which contains from about 0.1 to 10 wt. percent, 0.


Abstract Hemochromatosis includes a variety of chronic syndromes of genetic origin with iron overload, which can be classified according to genetic mutations in four groups, from type 1 to type 4. Of these, the most frequent type is type 1 hereditary hemochromatosis, which corresponds to over 90% of cases. Hereditary hemochromatosis is a recessive disorder in which a dominant mutation of the hemochromatosis gene (HFE) generates an increased absorption and severe iron overload. The American study showed that a multi-ethnic population of every 227 white people is homozygous for the C282Y HFE gene mutation, implicated in hemochromatosis type 1. The HFE, is located on chromosome 6, and may have three types of mutations of this gene, however the most common mutation is C282Y. Key words Iron, hemochromatosis, iron homeostasis, iron overload, HFE, genetic disease. INTRODUCTIONHemochromatosis includes a variety of chronic iron over-load syndromes of genetic origin. They can be classified into 4 groups from type 1 to type 4 according to genetic mutations. The most frequent is type 1, hereditary hemo-chromatosis, which accounts for more than 90% of all cases (1). Hereditary hemochromatosis is a dominant recessive disorder in which mutation of the HFE hemochromatosis gene generates increases in iron absorption and severe iron overload. A North American study of a multiethnic popula-tion showed that 1 out of every 227 white people is homo-zygous for the mutation of the HFE C282Y gene involved in hemochromatosis type 1 (2, 3).HFE has been located in chromosome 6. Possibly there are 3 types of mutations of this gene. However, the most frequent mutation is C282Y (4).CLINICAL CASE REVIEW A 45 year old male patient came to the emergency ser-vice after three days of melenas and massive hematemesis. Concomitantly he had asthenia, adynamia, dizziness and orthostatism. He had a record of diabetes mellitus treated with insulin for 6 years with periodic check-ups. The patient regularly drank aguardiente until intoxication, with significant ingestion of aguardiente 5 days before hospital admission.• Patient was admitted in generally bad condition with generalized mucocutaneous paleness, but patient was conscious and alert.• Blood Pressure 90/60; Heart Rate 96/min; Respiratory Rate 20/min • Cardiopulmonary assessment: Satisfactory• Abdomen: No collateral circulation, ascites or hepatos-plenomegaly.


The ecological ideal of 'sustainability' is defensible, but controversial. It valorizes a certain way of inhabiting the world not by defining it directly, but by imagining its perpetual reproduction. I argue that what sustainability offers us is a way of being nostalgic for the future.The sustainable present will become our true home because it is the point to which the future will always recur; we look nostalgically to the future because it is there that the present will be inhabited as our home. Nostalgic imaginings are not, then, just a regulative ideal for ecological praxis. Nostalgia is called upon as an ethical principle, and the characteristics of this memory-work will affect the shape of our future.


Although agile development promises better customer response and quality, not all who attempt agile seem to get such desired results. The issue is context – understanding the context in which agile is being adopted and choosing the right practices. Our research question is how agile-coaches can best elicit and communicate the agile adoption context with development teams and organizations. In this paper, we propose capturing and describing agile adoption context visually using a set of architectural views. This is analogous to describing architectures, but now applied to the context of agile adoption. We propose a set of views and applied it in the agile adoption of a company's internal social network system (SNS). Our experiences taught us that context evolves as agile coaches interact with development organization and teams, and the context description evolves and converges to the team's desired way of working after the agile coach leaves the scene. It is also the basis for drawing upon past experiences and building experiences for the next agile adoption engagement.


The biomechanics of glenohumeral stability involve several static and dynamic mechanisms to achieve the intricate balance between shoulder mobility and stability. In conjunction with recent in vitro studies, two important stabilizing mechanisms, concavity compression and scapulohumeral balance, were described. Concavity compression refers to the stability obtained by compressing the humeral head into the concave glenoid fossa. Increasing the magnitude of the compressive load, as provided by dynamic muscle contraction, and the depth of the glenoid concavity, which varies from the asymmetric geometry, enhance concavity compression stabilization


Nine articles, plus bibliography and subject and authors' index are divided into two parts—each preceded by remarks summing up the studies. I Part One, "Linguistic Diversity in Southwest Spanish," by G. Bills and J. Ornstein offers an overview of the heterogeneity Spanish commands but advocates the need to comprehend its unity. The second group represents studies on data from the Cross-Cultural Southwest Ethnic Study Center at the University of Texas at El Paso. David Foster's "The Phonology of Southwest Spanish" is a modest attempt at ascertaining implications of Chicano phonology. "Toward a Grammatical Analysis of Southwest Spanish," by Fritz G. Hensey, is an examination ofgrammatical variations in the Chicano dialect. Jerry R. Craddock's "Lexical Analysis of Southwest Spanish" regards the influence/ interference of English on Spanish (e.g. loanwords, loanblends, and loanshifts). Part Two attests to the scope of Spanish dialectology of the Southwest. Robert N. Phillips Jr.'s "The Segmental Phonology of [East] Los Angeles Spanish," is a semi-technical study of consonantal and vowel phonemes. His findings are, however, encountered elsewhere. J. Donald Bowen's "Structural Analysis of the Verb System in New Mexican Spanish," utilizes data over twenty years old to analyze and describe morphological, phonological and lexical patterns. Regrettably, his comments are presumptuous and perfunctory. In "The English and Spanish Grammar of Chicano Primary School Students," Andrew D. Cohen analyzes the degree of language deviation from "school" Spanish and "school" English. Bernardo Vallejo's "Linguistic and Socio-Economic Correlations in the Spoken Language of Mexican-American Children" merely corroborates an old hypothesis. In "Language Mixing in Chicano Bilingual Speech," Rogelio Reyes contends that "linguistic interference" in bilingualism overloads linguistic processes and hence proposes terms like "spontaneous borrowing" and "incorporated borrowing." Studies in Southwest Spanish is testimony to the importance of Spanish in this region and inducement to renew interest.


The realization of the new curriculum ideas and the effective transformation of teachers' teaching behaviors is the urgent need in the development of education and instruction,and is also the key to improve the qualities of education and instruction and to promote the educational reform.By analyzing the new teaching behaviors the new curriculum ideas have entrusted teachers with,the essay sums up four important trends of teaching behaviors and proposes the effective teaching behavior patterns with the intention of promoting the new curriculum reform.


The cover shows acetylation sites, located on the histone tails and on the structured regions. See "Mini‐Review" in this issue by Hansen et al, pages 289–299.


The nine men who assembled in the office of Secretary of Defense James V. Forrestal on a Thursday afternoon in September 1947 were there for a rehearsal. The following day they would join President Harry S. Truman for the very first meeting of the National Security Council (NSC). Although the purpose of the NSC had been spelled out the previous July in the National Security Act, the relationship of this unique advisory body to the president, the military establishment, and the State Department remained unclear. Thus those in Forrestal's office had a keen sense that the precedents they set would be crucial to its success or failure. Because it was important, for example, that the NSC discuss matters of substance, Forrestal and Undersecretary of State Robert A. Lovett had agreed that the situation in Italy would be the first issue on the agenda. As the secretary of defense, his military advisers, and the civilian secretaries of the army, navy, and air force listened, Lovett discussed the situation in Italy "as something of a dry run." 1 Forrestal, more than any other individual, was responsible for the creation of the NSC. Yet even as he prepared for its first meeting, at work were other forces that would irrevocably influence the character of the NSC and its relation to United States foreign policy. There is agreement among students of foreign policy that even though the NSC first met in September 1947, President Truman did not "use" the NSC until the outbreak of war in Korea. Truman rarely attended NSC meetings, and he made important policy decisions with the help of only a few trusted advisers.2


We consider the emergence of flocking on the unit-speed model with a time-varying delay. We assume that the delay between two particles is a composition of a delay functional and the spatial distance between the particle's position and the other delayed particle's position. Therefore, the delay depends on the ensemble of all particles and is defined implicitly. For the local existence of the solution, we assume that the delay functional is a function and its norm is less than the speed of the particles. Using the unit-speed property and the local solution, we can obtain the global solution. To obtain the asymptotic flocking estimate, we assume that the delay functional is bounded by a linear function of the spatial distance and the coefficients of the linear function are sufficiently small. Under these assumptions on the delay functional, we present a sufficient condition of the initial configuration to obtain the exponential decay for the velocity diameter. We also validate our analytical results with several numerical experiments.


The present study was designed to analyze the relationship of dietary behavior change and nutrient intake status owing to a depression degree for 143 people over 65 years old living in Echeong and Hansan islands area, South Korea. The depression degree was classified into non depression, minor depression and depressive disorder groups using. The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale for 143 subjects. The results are as follows; the depression degree significantly made differences according to sex (p, , and . Concerned about the nutrients over 1.0 index of nutritional quality(INQ) 8 nutrients of protein, Phosphorous, iron, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin , niacin and vitamin C belonged to the non depression group. Additionally, 6 nutrients of protein, Phosphorous, iron, zinc, vitamin and niacin were included for minor depression and depressive disorder groups.


Lipoprotein(a) concentrations (median and 95% confidence intervals) in matchedpatients with coronary heart disease, controls, andpatients with varying degrees ofcirrhosis (Child's stageA-C). Coronary heart disease>control>cirrhosis (p<OO1) detectable in seven of the 10 patients in group C. There was no difference between those with alcohol related cirrhosis and those with non-alcohol related cirrhosis. In controls and patients with heart disease there was no association between alcohol consumption (based on recall and expressed as units/week) and lipoprotein(a) concentrations.


A rate-compatible puncturing algorithm for network LDPC codes is proposed to achieve the minimum error probability,and decoding error probability is derived.The algorithm for finding variable nodes to be deleted based on the tanner graph of network LDPC codes is proposed,which is aimed at minimizing the decoding error probability and optimizing the puncturing pattern.Simulation results illustrate that,at BER=10-4,the proposed rate-compatible network LDPC codes have a coding gain of about 0.4 dB compared with the codes obtained via the existing punctured methods.


Evaluating in-field performances of our proposed MIMO turbo equalizer, soft canceller (SC) followed by MMSE (SC/MMSE) space-time (S/T) MIMO turbo equalizer, is the primary objective of this paper. The SC/MMSE S/T MIMO turbo MIMO turbo equalizer discussed in this paper performs joint MIMO channel estimation, SC/MMSE MIMO signal detection, and decoding of the channel code used, all in an iterative manner. Full diversity gain can be achieved with practical computational complexity in the presence of rich scattering in space and time domains in MIMO communication environments. A series of field measurement campaigns took place in an urban area of Tokyo using a channel sounder system, and sets of collected channel impulse response data were used in off-line simulations to evaluate in-field performance of the MIMO turbo equalizer. In 2-user 2-receive antenna MIMO uplink environments, bit error rate performance was evaluated for the two simultaneous users. Results of the simulations are presented in this paper. (5 pages)


This lecture is taken by Diane Marie Amann for the United Nations Audiovisual Library. This lecture examines the interactions between international child law and international efforts to combat such crimes against and affecting children. She explains development and child rights first. Then she describes parallel development in two related legal fields, that of international humanitarian law and international criminal law. After looking at relevant provisions of the child rights convention and other instruments, in particular the Rome Statute of the ICC, she concludes by evaluating efforts to ensure the rights of the child by preventing and punishing international crimes against and affecting children.


Cannabis dependence is responsible for a quarter of all inpatient substance use admissions globally and is associated with prominent cognitive, work, and social dysfunctions. Several medications with different mechanisms of action have been found ineffective against cannabis dependence. Researchers conducted a pilot, 12-week, randomized, placebo-controlled trial to test the efficacy of …


Objectives of the Study The main objective of this study was to identify possible inertia in SMEs and its effects on decision making. The secondary objective was to observe differences in adoptive decision making factors between large companies and SMEs using technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework as a comparison theory. The purpose was to gain understanding of SME decision making and factors that influence it. Academic background and methodology This study was conducted in form of qualitative multiple case study and included eight SME case companies. The case companies were selected from various industries. Their sales invoicing process and adoptive decision making was analyzed. The research was conducted using a predetermined and mostly open-ended questionnaire in face-to-face situation. Existing studies in the field of adoption were utilized. Findings and conclusions Inertia in this study was identified as a decision maker's inertia because the term "inertia" is commonly used in multiple functions. The factors affecting adoption were divided to drivers and barriers. These drivers and barriers were identified from the observations and their rationality in practice with decision making was analyzed. Multiple cases showed similarities with factors that can be argued to be irrational. Inertia was identified in seven out of eight cases. The TOE frameworks capability to explain adoption in SMEs was concluded to be insufficient, so the appropriate extensions were made to further explain adoptive factors in SME decision making. This study's limits were accounted and the extensions were made broad enough to cover different varieties of behavior, and not only what was found on this study.


Unexpectedly, bone matrix–embedded osteocytes, not osteoblasts, maintain the uncertain balance between bone formation and resorption that goes awry in osteoporosis.


Research question: What are the emotional impacts of infertility on patients and/or partners, and how can qualitative thematic analyses (TA) and natural language processing (NLP) help evaluate textual data? Design: This was a cross-sectional, multi-country survey conducted from March to May 2019. A total of 1,944 patients and/or partners from nine countries responded to the open-ended question asking about their initial feelings related to an infertility diagnosis. A mixed-method approach that integrated NLP topic modelling and TA was used to analyse responses. Sentiment polarity, which expresses the valence of respondent sentiments in NLP, was quantified for each response. Linear regression was used to evaluate the association between patient characteristics and sentiment negativity. Main results: NLP and TA showed that the most common emotional reactions to infertility diagnoses were sadness, depression, stress, disappointment, anxiety, frustration, confusion, and loss of self-confidence. NLP topic modelling found additional reactions such as shared feelings with partners, recollections about causes of infertility, and treatment experience. Responses to the open-ended question were brief (median: three words) with 71.8% conveying negative sentiments. Some respondent characteristics showed small but significant associations with sentiment negativity, such as country (Spain, China, and France were more negative than the United States), treatment engagement (no treatment was more negative than one or more treatment), and marital status (missing/other was more negative than divorced). Conclusion: Infertility diagnoses create an emotional burden for patients and partners. The mixed-method approach provides a compelling synergy in support of the validity of these findings and shows potential for these techniques in future research.


IL-1Ra is the natural antagon of cellular factor which was found firstly.And its binds receptor of IL1-Ra but not causing any reactions of IL-1.In this study,cloning of IL-1Ra gene from placenta tissue of human by RT-PCR and recombinant expression of this gene in E.coli DH5α which is prokaryotic organism were completed.As a result,a DNA which was about 450 bp was cloned and IL-1Ra which was about 18 ku was expressed.IL-1Ra expressed in E.coli(DE3) was about 20% of the total proteins.It makes possible to study and utilize IL1-Ra further.


This article describes the experience of the Ulyanovsk region in the theoretical development and implementation of the Concept of development of human resources in accordance with the requirements of socio-economic development of the Ulyanovsk region in the medium term. The results of the analysis of the situation and evaluation of human resources are based on Monitoring the need for specialists and skilled workers for Ulyanovsk region industries in the medium term. The author proves the importance of research in this direction for the development of human resources. Low extend of coverage by the state statistic of regional labor markets determines prospects of using the presented experience in the analysis of workforce needs in other regions.


Online users engage in self-disclosure - revealing personal information to others - in pursuit of social rewards. However, there are associated costs of disclosure to users' privacy. User profiling techniques support the use of contributed content for a number of purposes, e.g., micro-targeting advertisements. In this paper, we study self-disclosure as it occurs in newspaper comment forums. We explore a longitudinal dataset of about 60,000 comments on 2202 news articles from four major English news websites. We start with detection of language indicative of various types of self-disclosure, leveraging both syntactic and semantic information present in texts. Specifically, we use dependency parsing for subject, verb, and object extraction from sentences, in conjunction with named entity recognition to extract linguistic indicators of self-disclosure. We then use these indicators to examine the effects of anonymity and topic of discussion on self-disclosure. We find that anonymous users are more likely to self-disclose than identifiable users, and that self-disclosure varies across topics of discussion. Finally, we discuss the implications of our findings for user privacy.


AbstractThe following sections are included:Agribusiness Strategies in Emerging Economies: Forces and OutcomesDistributional effects of contracts in emerging economies: Lessons from AfricaDistributional effects of joint venturesDistributional impacts of foreign direct investmentNegotiating an enabling environment: The role of the public sectorPrivate sector initiatives in emerging marketsConclusionsReferences


A bstrAct Madras motor neuron disease (MMND) is a rare childhood/juvenile motor neuron disease reported from various parts of southern India, the first report being from Chennai. This case report is about a young girl who presented with insidious onset, a gradually progressive neurological illness characterized by bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, wasting, and weakness of all four limbs along with bulbar paralysis. On examination, she had involvement of lower cranial nerves, tongue fasciculation, generalized amyotrophy, and bipyramidal features. Electrophysiological studies showed features of chronic denervation. A provisional diagnosis of MMND was made. MMND resembles Brown–Vialetto–Van Laere (BVVL) syndrome and some of the other complex childhood motor neuron disease syndromes, like Boltshauser syndrome, Nathalie syndrome, and Fazio–Londe syndrome. Early diagnosis of BVVL, which is a riboflavin transporter deficiency, is essential, as it is fully responsive to high-dose riboflavin supplementation. In BVVL syndrome, a female predominance has been documented (1:5), while in MMND, an equal distribution is noted. In BVVL, at least half of the reported cases are familial whereas in MMND most of the cases are sporadic. In BVVL, lower motor neuron signs in the limbs are infrequently present and pyramidal signs are rare, whereas in MMND lower and upper motor neuron signs are seen in the majority of the patients. Third, fifth, or sixth cranial nerves are never noted to be affected in MMND, but they may rarely be involved in BVVL. The etiopathophysiology of MMND is still unclear and supportive or symptomatic therapy forms the mainstay of treatment of this orphan disease.


This issue of Impact Assessment and Project Appraisal (IAPA) provides a series of papers with a special topic focus on understanding and managing trade-offs in impact assessment, as well as three other papers on a range of impact assessment topics submitted to us in the normal open process. It also marks the publication of a complete volume of IAPA (vol 30, no's 1-4) with our new look cover and updated paper format by Taylor & Francis. Firstly, why a special topic focus on trade-offs? Tradeoffs undermine the sustainability potential of impact assessment. It is therefore important to understand what gives rise to trade-offs during impact assessment and how they can be effectively managed. To borrow a phrase employed by Cashmore et al. (2004) in relation to effectiveness, trade-offs are an interminable issue in impact assessment and yet are not all that often openly discussed in the literature. The recent debate on trade-offs was first introduced through a paper by Morrison-Saunders and Pope (2013) aimed at conceptualising the topic along with paper and discussion sessions on 'Managing Tradeoffs and Offsets in Impact Assessment Decision-making' at both the 2012 annual conference of the International Association for Impact Assessment (IAIA) conference in Porto (May 2012) as well as the subsequent annual conference of the South African affiliate of IAIA in Cape Town (August 2012). The call for submissions to this issue of IAPA emphasised papers that provide new insights or practical experience with respect to improving understanding and management of trade-offs in impact assessment. The first paper comes from Robert Gibson, a renowned leader in the field of sustainability assessment. Using the benefit of hindsight, he provides two historical case study examples from Canada in which significant potential tradeoffs were successfully avoided. The second paper is a contribution of our own, co-written with Davide Geneletti and Jenny Pope, in which we share key learning points from a psychology perspective with the aim of providing pointers to practitioners on how difficult trade-off decisions might be approached andmanaged.We thankAlanBond for acting as guest-editor for this paper with respect to handling the independent peer-review process. The remaining three special topic papers focus on trade-offs within the context of off-sets and compensation. Susie Brownlie, Nicholas King and Jo Treweek address the alarming trend for biodiversity loss and trade-offs in favour of short-term socio-economic benefits of development. They provide some practical guidance for practitioners on how biodiversity offsets can be effectively handled to curtail and ideally reverse biodiversity loss. Next, Marie Brown, Bruce Clarkson, Barry Barton and Chaitanya Joshi also address biodiversity offsets, presenting a detailed empirical analysis of regulatory compliance with ecological compensation conditions in New Zealand. This is one of the few follow-up studies of offsets and the authors provide some valuable understanding of the nature of non-compliance in practice. Finally Carlo Rega provides an empirical analysis of ecological compensation provisions within Italian spatial plans, one of the first studies of offsets in strategic levels of impact assessment that we are aware of. He shows that while there is increasing use of this approach within spatial planning in Italy, methodological and operational aspects appear to be weak and he provides some suggestions for fostering better implementation through better stakeholder collaboration during ecological compensation design. Moving away from the trade-offs topic this issue of IAPA is rounded off with three regular papers addressing important issues related to cumulative effects and social impact assessment. Looking back, we can report that the transition from Beech Tree Publishing to Taylor & Francis has been very smooth. In particular we are, as editors, greatly appreciative of Glyn Lavers and his copy-editing staff who handle all aspects of the publication process once we receive a final version of each paper from the author. Based on the success of the first full volume of papers with the new publisher we are excited about the future of IAPA and look forward to going from strength to strength in 2013.


We present the development and evaluation of a gamified rhythmic dictation application for music theory learning. The application was developed as a web application in the existing Troubadour platform for music ear training. The focus of the developed application was on user experience and engagement. With regards to the former, we developed a responsive and intuitive user interface; for the latter, we included several gamification elements and assessed the impact on the students' engagement. We report on students' experience analysis done through questionnaires and background data collected through the platform. We evaluated the rhythmic dictation application with the conservatory-level music theory students through A/B testing in order to independently evaluate the application's impact. The results show a significant impact of the application on the students' exam scores.


Objective To discuss the CT features and differential diagnosis in peripheral pulmonary hamartoma(PPH),in order to improve the diagnostic accuracy.Methods Twenty-one patients of PPH confirmed by pathology and clinic.Eight patients performed the plain CT and enhanced CT scanning,thirteen patients only with the plain CT scanning.CT finding of PPH were observed lesion density,edge,peritumoral lung field and enhanced CT features.Results All cases were smooth and clear margins,and shallow lobulated or irregular shape in 7 cases,deep lobulated in 2 cases,elongated burr and pleural indentation with vascular convergence in one case,popcorn calcification with fat inside in 2 cases,none of the fat and calcification in 14 cases.Eight cases had slight enhancement(CT value20HU).Conclusions There are some specific CT features of PPH,including smooth and regular edge,calcification and fat inside.Follow-up review and dynamic enhanced CT scanning is useful to differentiate between PPH and other solitary pulmonary nodule.


The structures of the heterotrinuclear complexes, [(NH_3)_5ColmCu(dien)ImCo(NH_3)_5]-
(C10_4)_6·4H_20 and [(NH_3)_5CoImZn(dien)ImCo(NH_3)_5]-(ClO_4)_6·4H_2O, are reported. Co--Cu--Co
crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c with a =32.414(4), b= 9.421(1), c=
15.167(5)?,β= 90.91(2)°, Z=4 and Co--Zn--Co in the same space group with a = 32.578
(2), b = 9.419(1), c = 15.125(3)?, β=91.10(1)°Z=4. The Cu(Ⅱ) and Zn(Ⅱ) geometries
are intermediate between a trigonal bipyramid and a square pyramid,the Co(Ⅲ) is a-
hexagonal coordination and the dien ligand shows a disordered contribution in the respective
structure.The magnetic properties of Co--Cu--Co are investigated. From the single crystal
ESR spectra studies, the anisotropic g and A tensors and electronic spin-density of Co--Cu
--Co are obtained and the nature of the bonding for Cu~(2+) is discussed.


A B S T R A C T 'Alaska' peas (Pium sativurm L.) grown under a 16-hr photoperiod at 20 4t 1 C and an 8-hr dark period at 16 i 1 C in their ontogeny exhibit two periods of sensitivity to applied gibberellin (GA), namely, prior to and subsequent to but not during the linear phase of stem elongation. This paper describes experiments conducted primarily with seedlings. Growth-saturating doses of GA, applied to dry seeds before planting (10-3 M) and to the shoot tips of 3-day-old seedlings (10,ug), evoked growth rates equal to the growth rate of etiolated seedlings. Sensitivity of seedlings to applied GA decreased with age through the first 2 to 3 weeks of development; by the time seedlings were about 14 days of age and had four elongating internodes they no longer responded to applied GA. As endogenous growth rate diminished late in ontogeny, the plants again became sensitive to applied GA. Growth response was used as a criterion for determining apparent translocation of applied GA. 'Alaska' pea seedlings appeared to transport GA, both acropetally from the cotyledons and basipetally from the shoot tip, to all internodes with remaining extension potential. Excision of both cotyledons at any time during the first 9 days of development caused a significant reduction of growth rate, and applied GA did not restore normal growth rate. No evidence was found that the cotyledons supply endogenous GA to the shoot axis in normal seedling development. It is suggested that the normal growth rate of light-grown 'Alaska' peas is correlated with the rate of synthesis of GA and that GA is rate-limiting for stem elongation during early seedling development and during the period of decreasing growth rate and onset of apex senescence.


This study attempts to understand one of the most fundamental and challenging problems in fluid flow and heat transfer for rotating machines. The study focuses on electric generators for high energy density applications, which employ rotating cooling channels so that materials do not fail under high temperature and high stress environment. Prediction of fluid flow and heat transfer inside internal cooling channels that rotate at high rotation number and high wall heat flux is the main focus of this study. Rotation, buoyancy, and boundary conditions affect the flow inside these channels. A fully computational approach is employed in this study. Reynolds stress turbulence model with enhanced near-wall treatment is validated against available experimental data (which are primarily at low rotation and buoyancy numbers). The model was then used for cases with high rotation number (as much as 0.35) and high wall heat flux. Particular attention is given to how turbulence intensity, Reynolds stresses, and transport are affected by Coriolis and buoyancy/centrifugal forces caused by high levels of rotation number and wall heat flux. Variations of flow total pressure along the rotating channel are also predicted. The results obtained are explained in view of physical interpretation of Coriolis and centrifugal forces.


The Symbolism of Mirror in the Poems of  Alvarli Hace MuhammedLutfi Efendiother prophets via its heavenly light and the mirrors of Velis via its soul. Inour study, the poems of Alvarli Efe are analyzed from the tasavvufiperspective in the context of mirror symbolism.


A TWT designed with DVT(Dynamic Velocity Taper) technology can gain quite high electronic efficiency.Work is in progress to develop a slow wave structure with DVT,and then this structure will be compared with another structure designed with general technology through simulation.Finally,a tube of this structure will be tested to prove the results of simulation.All of these speak volumes for the advantage and feasibility of DVT.


The Lake Calumet and Calumet River area is highly urbanized. The economy was once completely dominated by manufacturing, particularly the steel industry. The large mills are now gone, totally demolished and sitting idle as "brownfields". However some steel-related and other heavy industries remain in the area. They transfer coal, lime, slag and other products to and from the Indiana mills. Large industrial structures still line the 8-mile length of the Calumet River, from its mouth on Lake Michigan to Lake Calumet. Historic, beautifully-designed steel bridges cross over the river at several points. Working class neighborhoods surround the lake and river. They include South Chicago, South Deering, East Side, Pullman, and Hegewisch. Together these five neighborhoods hold nearly 100,000 people. Other nearby neighborhoods include West Pullman, Roseland, Calumet Park and Riverdale. The Calumet area contains very important natural areas. Remnant prairie and wetland systems exist throughout the area on public and private lands. Some are recognized statewide for their high levels of native plant and animal species. Many are recognized by the state as Illinois Natural Area Inventory Sites. This unique mixture of industrial and natural lands gives the Calumet region a remarkable landscape. It is a landscape of extremes, of remarkably valuable habitats amidst vast spent fields of industry. It offers enormous potential for community revitalization in a post-industrial era. Local residents and planners are now struggling to conceptualize this landscape and shape it for the future. Calumet River Originally the Calumet River drained an area in excess of 700 square miles. It meandered across northwestern Indiana and part of southern Cook County before heading back into Indiana and draining into Lake Michigan. Several artificial additions were made to the river system since the early 1800s, one of which was an outlet channel that was created between the river and Lake Michigan. This made two rivers. The Little Calumet flowed westward across the region and into Lake Michigan at South Chicago. The Grand Calumet flowed eastward into the Calumet Lagoons in Gary. Another major alteration occurred in 1922 with reversal of the flow of a lower portion of the Little Calumet. This caused the entire system to flow predominantly toward the Illinois River. Then the O'Brien Lock/Dam was built in 1960 to control the water level in the Calumet-Sag channel (below the dam) and reverse the flow of water to Lake Michigan (above the dam). This left the main stem ‐ the Calumet River ‐ with a predominant flow into Lake Michigan. However, the Little Calumet below the dam continues in a predominant flow westward into the Cal-Sag Channel.


There are various ways of using the affine geometry of a compact convex set K to topologize its extreme boundary ∂eK (see [2, 7, 10] and the references quoted therein). The best-known method is to take as closed sets the traces on ∂eK of the closed split faces of K. This topology is known as the facial topology [1, 2, 4], and is significant because the facially continuous functions correspond to the order-bounded linear operators on A(K) and to the multipliers in A(K) [1, 3, 20]. Typically, split faces are scarce, so that the facial topology is coarse. The Choquet topology [7, 15, 18], whose closed sets are the traces of compact extremal subsets of K, is finer, but is usually less easily recognized. The Bishop–de Leeuw theorem was extended in [5] by showing that a maximal measure on K induces a measure on a σ-algebra on ∂eK containing the Choquet closed sets as well as the traces of the Baire subsets of K. The maximal topology is finer even than the Choquet topology, and the Bishop-de Leeuw theorem was further extended in [18] to a σ-algebra including the maximally closed sets. Although the definition of the maximal topology in [18] made use of integral representation theory, a geometrical description of it will be given in Proposition 2·1 below. The Choquet and maximally continuous functions on ∂eK were characterized in [18] in terms of the geometry and integral representation theory of K, respectively. It will be shown in Theorem 2·4 that the Choquet and maximally continuous functions coincide if is a union of faces of K, even though the topologies may differ.


Three pairs of Red-capped Robins Petroica goodenovii were studied on the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales during a temporary invasion in 1981-1983, at the end of a drought. The birds arrived in spring, the males ahead of the females, and defended territories against Scarlet Robins P. mullticolor . One male Red-capped Robin uttered the Scarlet Robin's song during territory advertisement. After raising one or two broods the birds dispersed for the winter, the adults either at the same time as or after the departure of juveniles . After breeding the adults moulted , the females starting before the males. Nests were built, by females only, at a height of 2-6m (mean 3.6 m), and took 5-9 days (mean 8 days) to complete. Eggs were laid between mid October and late December. Mean clutch size was 1.9 eggs (1-2, mode 2), and mean brood size at fledging was 1.4 (1-2, mode I). Incubation lasted 14 days (three clutches), the nestling period was 11-16 days (mean 12.5 days) and the post fledging dependence period lasted at least two weeks. The breeding success rate was 54% (7 fledglings from 13 eggs), and the nest success rate was 63% (5 nests successful out of 8 for which the outcome was known). Nest-building, courtship, parental behaviour and vocalisations are described .


When Hydra japonica was treated with 2 mM D,L-c-propargylglycine, a specific inhibitor of γ-cystathionase, for 75 h, the number of desmonemes present in the tentacles dropped drastically. H. isorhiza and A. isorhiza numbers also showed smaller drops, but the stenotele number remained unchanged. Total cell numbers and cell composition except for the battery cells and nematocytes, remained unchanged. The disappearance of the mature desmonemes was apparently due to their specific disintegration in the living hydra, and not to inhibition of differentiation from interstitial cells to nematocytes, and/or their migration, nor accelerated nematocyst discharge from the battery cells. Hydra lacking desmonemes may be useful in investigating how the proportions of each nematocyte type are kept constant, and how nematocyte differentiation is regulated.


Fit error function and related function widely used in physical calculation by non linear fitting method i.e.least square method and obtain a high precision.And also it meets the need of calculation.


In this review paper we discussed analysed the present case of epidemics or pandemics. In Homoeopathy as an adjuvant to the standard of care should be evaluated for the management of COVID-19. The Ministry of Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homoeopathy (AYUSH) have suggested the use of Arsenicum album - 30 for its possible role in preventing COVID-19 infection.


IN the first instalment of this study, published in the January number of THE DOWNSIDE REVIEW, I discussed the conflicting historiographical traditions concerning the import of Friedrich von HUgel's involvement in the modernist controversy (pp. 13-25) and examined the problems raised by the existing sources for the Baron's life and thought, concentrating especially on those which have until now remained unconsulted (pp. 25-34). The third section of this study, in the journal's April number, was given over to that period in von HUgel's life about which least has been known: his formative years during the 1870's, 1880'S and early 1890's (pp. 123-40). In this, the final instalment, appear the fourth and fifth sections of this study, devoted respectively to the years of the modernist crisis itself (from about 1895 to 1910) and to the Baron's post-modernist period to his death in 1925. If it proved necessary in the third section of this study to devote more space than anticipated to the Baron's formative years and to delineating his place in the Catholicism in which he matured, I believe the trouble taken more than justified, and this for several reasons. To subject to close examination the pre-modernist years of those Catholic scholars who later found themselves embroiled, however briefly, in the modernist controversy is a useful exercise, not least at a time when it has become de rigueur in certain circles to fasten almost exclusively and with uncritical admiration on the 'modernist' element in these men and to interpret their years before and after that controversy in terms of the controversy alone. The present method of enquiry, one which has meant prescinding until now from the Baron's 'modernist period', may serve as a corrective to the present state of von HUgel research and may even edge us closer to an understanding of the importance, not least for the Baron personally, of the simple truth to which he himself called our attention: combien differents, au fond, restent les plus solides


The present invention relates to a device (20) for transporting and / or storing a value of the ticket. The device (20) comprises a roller memory (20), the winding drum roller having a memory (1,30). Furthermore, the device (20) of the sensor for detecting the winding drum (1, 30) of the rotational movement (26, 34) comprises a.


The quinolizindine alkaloid compound, oxymatrine pesticide, was analysis in the river water samples collected from different agriculture areas in the Iraqi city of Kerbala and also in its formulation using developed reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method. Acetonitrile:methanol (60:40 v/v) was chosen as mobile phase at pH (7.0), flow rate 0.5 mL/min, and 20 µL as volume injection. Modified ecological-friendly method, dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, was used for the extraction of oxymatrine from water samples. Linearity study was constructed from 0.1 to 70 μg/mL at λmax 205 nm. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.025 and 0.082 μg/mL, respectively, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) % was 0.518%. Three spiked levels of concentration (20.0, 40.0, and 70.0 μg/mL) were used for the validation method. The percentage recovery for the three spiked samples was ranged between 98.743 and 99.432 and the RSD% was between 0.051 and 0.202%, the formulation studies of oxymatrine between 99.487 and 99.798, and the RSD% was ranged from 0.045 to 0.057%. The developed method can be used accurately and selectively for the determination of oxymatrine in environmental samples and in the formulation.


Variants in RNF213 lead to susceptibility to moyamoya disease, a rare cerebral angiopathy characterized by bilateral stenosis of the internal carotid arteries and development of a compensatory collateral network. We describe a 3‐month‐old female with seizures, arterial narrowing involving the internal carotid and intracranial arteries and inferior abdominal aorta, and persistently elevated transaminases. Whole exome sequencing demonstrated a novel de novo variant in RNF213, securing a molecular diagnosis and directing appropriate intervention. This report underscores the role of whole exome sequencing in cases for which a complex and atypical presentation may mask diagnosis. Furthermore, the early and severe presentation in our patient, in conjunction with a novel de novo RNF213 variant, suggests that specific variants in RNF213 may lead to a Mendelian form of disease rather than simply conferring susceptibility to multifactorial disease. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


This paper reported a method to measure moisture swelling of amorphous PET films using Rayleigh interferometer. Plots of the optical path of light transmission in the polymer vs soaking time were obtained, and from the same curves, time dependence of the moisture swelling, saturated (equiliorium) water apsorption and diffusion coefficient of PET films were estimated. These results are in agreement with those obtained by the weighting method. It is shown that optical interference method is a simple but sensitive method for the study of water absorption and swelling in transparant polymer films.


A new method creating 3D hybrid electrodes could improve the ability of supercapacitors to store energy.A new method creating 3D hybrid electrodes could improve the ability of supercapacitors to store energy.


The procedures for analyzing pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are typically tedious and expensive and thus, it is necessary to synthesize all available information from previously conducted research. An extensive collection of PPCP data from the published literature was compiled to determine the occurrence, pathways, and the effectiveness of current treatment technologies for the removal of PPCPs in water and wastewater. Approximately 90% of the compiled published papers originated from Asia, Europe, and the North American regions. The incomplete removal of PPCPs in different water and wastewater treatment processes was widely reported, thus resulting in the occurrence of PPCP compounds in various environmental compartments. Caffeine, carbamazepine, diclofenac, ibuprofen, triclosan, and triclocarban were among the most commonly reported compounds detected in water and solid matrices. Trace concentrations of PPCPs were also detected on plants and animal tissues, indicating the bioaccumulative properties of some PPCP compounds. A significant lack of studies regarding the presence of PPCPs in animal and plant samples was identified in the review. Furthermore, there were still knowledge gaps on the ecotoxicity, sub-lethal effects, and effective treatment processes for PPCPs. The knowledge gaps identified in this study can be used to devise a more effective research paradigm and guidelines for PPCP management.


AbstractThis study was undertaken to evaluate the potential use of electrolysis process for waste sludge stabilization in decentralization practices by focusing on the operating parameters such as sludge composition, detention time, and electric voltage. The laboratory batch scale results show that the sludge extracted from a packed bed biofilm reactor can reach the minimum concentration of 659 mg/L volatile suspended solids (VSS) merely within 5 h detention time at an applied voltage of 2 V, whereas the most identical level is obtained from activated sludge by 7 h with 3.6 V. The soluble COD in the supernatant phase of the former process would be increased to 297 mg/L by means of 27% VSS reduction. The economical pre-estimation indicates that electrolysis is more sustainable if stand as a preconditioning stage of biological digestion by 70% capital and operating cost reduction. This configuration can also cause occupying 54% lesser footprint area of aerobic digestion with total average reduction of 56% V...


The tomato is the most widely cultivated vegetable crop, both in glasshouses and walk-in tunnels. The objective of the trial is to make a recommendation for tomato hybrids intended for protected crops production in the Republic of Macedonia. It was carried out in the region of Sv. Nikole (Central Macedonia) in glasshouses. The following newly introduced tomato hybrids, made by four different producers, have been examined: Fito Meriva F1, Enza Zaden Lezoforta F1 and Amaneta F1, Syngenta Zouk F1, Clause Loreli F1. The applied experimental design was a randomized block system in five replications. Aside from the dynamics of germination, flowering, and ripening and harvesting, the productive traits of each hybrid were analyzed using ANOVA. It was confirmed that the hybrids Zouk F1 and Loreli F1 had the earliest germination and the latest germination was exhibited by the Amaneta F1. The shortest period between germination and flowering was recorded in the hybrid Loreli F1, and the longest in Lezoforte F1. The period between flowering and fruit ripening was shortest in the hybrid Zouk F1, and the longest one in Amaneta F1. The shortest period starting from germination to the beginning of ripening was recorded in the hybrid Amaneta F1 and the longest in Zouk F1. In reference to the productive traits, it was recorded that the largest number of flowers per cluster had the hybrid Loreli F1. The hybrid Loreli F1 exhibited the largest percentage of fruit sets. The lowest percentage of fruit sets per plant was found in the hybrid Lezoforta F1. The largest average fruit mass was observed in the hybrid Meriva F1. The largest yield per plant was recorded in the tomato hybrid Meriva F1. Finally, the highest yield was recorded in the hybrid Meriva F1(173,73 t/ha).


Abstract This study examines how contextual, structural and functioning characteristics of industrial clusters influence their effectiveness. We develop a conceptual framework that identifies potential influencing factors, validate the factors statistically, and estimate the factors' impact on cluster effectiveness. Our results show that among the important determinants of cluster effectiveness are long-term planning security and procedural trust among the cooperating firms (contextual conditions), formalized rules and sustainable structures (structural elements), and clear goals and tasks (functioning characteristics). However, the results also reveal that some determinants assessed as important in the literature do not seem to have a positive impact on effectiveness. Our results not only modify general assumptions in cluster research concerning the drivers of cluster effectiveness, but also assist firms and policy-makers in conceptualizing successful new clusters.


The 2003 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome experience had readied Hong Kong well for the COVID-19 outbreak The epidemic provided the Hong Kong government with a respite from the political protests and an opportunity to return to governing This respite does not spell the end of Hong Kong's political troubles With the passage of the National Security Law, Hong Kong might be able to endear itself once more to the Mainland and position itself for greater integration and development


The St. Petersburg game is a well-known example of a random variable which has infinite expectation. Csorgo and Dodunekova have recently shown that the accumulated winnings do not have a limiting distribution, but that if measurements are taken at a subsequence b, , then a limiting distribution exists exactly when the fractional parts of log2 b, approach a limit. In this paper the characteristic functions of these distributions are computed explicitly and found to be continuous, self-similar, nowhere differentiable functions. A single trial in the St. Petersburg game consists in tossing a fair coin until it falls heads and then the player receives 2k dollars if this happens at the kth throw. The expected value comes out to be 1 2 2k I 2 + + Tk + =o, so the St. Petersburg game gives an example of a random variable which has infinite expectation. However, the probability that this game last long enough to get large paybacks is quite low and the law of large numbers still holds. In fact, Feller showed [3, p. 237] that if one only allows a finite number n of trials, then for any fixed c > 0 Pr{ Sn 1'>6l > -}-*0 as n oo, where Sn denotes the accumulated winnings in n trials of the St. Petersburg game and lg2 n = l . In this sense the game can be given a "fair" entrance fee of n lg2 n dollars . It follows from Feller's result that a way of generating a fair entrance fee independent of the number of trials is to find a sequence ai, a2, ... satisfying a1 + * + a1n n lg2 n Received by the editors December 10, 1993. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 60F05. ? 1995 American Mathematical Society


Capitalists enjoy an excellent reputation with the Polish media. Journalists seem to have fallen for them head over heels. They stare awe-struck into the capitalists' eyes while singing their praises with such eagerness that they often embarrass them since, as is well known, these praises are not disinterested. The greater the number of supporting advertisements, the deeper the paper's uncritical affection for them. Still, Polish capitalists do not feel sufficiently pampered. They complain about being unappreciated, neglected and hindered in their work. Nevertheless, their dynamism is undeniable. A significant number of personal fortunes have been made during the short existence of a free market economy in Poland.


Estimation of the communication system configurations such as DSL systems are based on operational data collection network element management system, protocol, from the user and / or similar. Operational data collected from the system can include operational data characterizing typically available performance in DSL systems by the element management system protocol. Generating estimated and / or approximation to evaluate the system performance, it is used to recommend directly or indirectly the transmitter and / or to command / request to change the operation by the other part of the communication system, or improvements be able to. Data and / or other information may be obtained from system elements and components via the "external" means capable or e-mail and / or other be collected using the "internal" means. Likelihood model, normal operation data to be observed can be based on various data, information and / or system performance metrics, such as operational data to test data and / or extraction, etc. These data are based on stimulation signals Operation It shows the performance. An example of such extraction data, use the Hlog of a given channel, bridged taps, the information about the missing connection failure and microfilters available.


The goal of this article consists in analysis of the novels of A.V. Ivanov "Community" and "Tobol" from the perspective of using the images of the Apocalypse. Examples of referring to apocalyptic symbolism in the prose A. V. Ivanov are demonstrated. Multiple examples of interpretation of Biblical symbolism of the Apocalypse are featured in popular culture; A. V. Ivanov uses the experience of such interpretations with regard to the genre of horror novel. The article considers the examples of realization of apocalyptic motifs, and their role in the works of A. V. Ivanov, namely motif of the end of the world and related cataclysms (including the phenomena of monsters and demons of the End of Time), spiritual apocalypse, and rise of the dead. The scientific novelty consists in the analysis of the aforementioned imagery as technique of horror literature. It is proven that Ivanov refers to the images of the Apocalypse through the prism of popular culture, as well as resorts to the original strategy of interpretation of the materials, where the images of the End of Time serve as the language of consciousness of the heroes as the people of their era. The conclusion is made that apocalyptic symbolism, on the one hand manifests as the marker of horror in the genre of popular literature, while on the other hand is used by the for articulation of ethical criticism of modernity.


Morphometric properties of channel networks are useful tools to classify catchments and calculate their hydrological response. Scaling laws have been established for Optimal Channel Networks (OCNs), which are defined based on a generative geomorphological mechanism of minimizing the total energy dissipation. However, sewer networks obey engineering efficiency rules and are conceived based on local optimizations, both in time and space, for minimal costs. Not all the scaling laws have been verified for artificial sewer networks found in urban areas. This raises questions regarding the applicability of OCN scaling laws to sewer networks and their potential impact on the shape of the Geomorphological Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph (GIUH). Hence, this work aims to study the morphometric properties of the Greater Paris combined sewer system through a case study on twelve nested subcatchments. A two‐step methodology is used. First, the morphometric properties are analysed using the reference Horton‐Strahler, Rodríguez‐Iturbe and Moussa‐Bocquillon scaling laws. The results show that Horton‐Strahler's laws of bifurcation are verified while the length and area laws are not always verified. Rodriguez‐Iturbe and Moussa‐Bocquillon laws are verified with slightly different values of the descriptors in comparison to OCNs. Second, these morphometric properties are used to calculate four GIUHs: the reference Width Function (GWF), the Nash unit hydrograph (GN) using Horton‐Strahler ratios, the Nash Unit Hydrograph equivalent (GNe) using Moussa‐Bocquillon descriptors, and the Hayami function (GH) solution of the diffusive wave equation. We identified four catchments for which the scaling laws are verified and therefore all GIUHs are similar while for four other catchments the scaling laws are not verified and strongly impact the GIUHs. These morphometric descriptors and the GIUHs can be considered as 'hydrological signatures' of Combined Sewer Systems (CSSs) and are useful for the comparison and classification of hydrological responses.


The efficiency of stochastic ALOHA to solve tags collision is very low,and deterministic tree searching algorithm has the limitation that the number of the tags in the area doesn't change.This algorithm gets over this disadvantage,According to the reader's identifying result each time,the tags can modify their responsive probability in the incremental or degressive mode.Finally,its identifying efficiency can steadily attain 0.322 in the dynamic condition and a lot of tags simultaneously appearing.This article describes it by Markov chain.This article also analyses what value k should be in the case that the identifying efficiency of this algorithm initially reaches the best and how much the changing range of the increase or decrease should be in the dynamic situation to make this algorithm more appropriate and efficient.


The Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews produced The Gifts and Calling of God Are Irrevocable (Rom 11:29), in which supersessionism is firmly rejected. In this document, the term fulfillment occurs frequently to describe the relationship between the Old and New Covenant. It implies an evolutionary development from old to new, or from promise to fulfillment. Therefore, the use of this term may lead one to suspect that it is merely a synonym for supersession or a progression from good to better. To avoid this connotation, I redefine this term by locating it within the Israelite cult. Through a study of Aaron's ordination to the high priesthood in Leviticus and the claims for Jesus's high priesthood in the Epistle to the Hebrews, I show that fulfillment already occurs in the Old Covenant by relating the historical, earthly cult to the eternal, heavenly cult.


As the herringbone-grooved journal gas bearing can rotate silently at high speed with low friction, and moreover it can be small-sized, it is used a lot in the fields such as information appliances. In this paper, the equation of motion of the herringbone-grooved journal gas bearing is derived using the gas force which can be obtained by applying the Navier-Stokes equation for the grooved and the ridged parts of a journal. The stability analysis can be performed when a journal rotates with a high speed by using the stability analysis method of Routh-Hurwitz, the root locus of complex eigenvalue analysis, and the time history analysis due to transient response vibration. Comparing with the already published analytical results, the physical meanings which have not been clarified in the conventional study are reported as for the stability of herringbone-grooved journal gas bearing. The stability chart is shown to be determined by considering the forward whirl and the backward whirl. In addition, it is reported that the present analysis results show a good agreement with the already reported experimental results. Furthermore, the parameters study as for the specification of gas bearing is performed, and it is shown that the stability chart changes due to the influence of specifications complicatedly.


Objective To explore the relations between pulse pressure and LDL-C for elderly patients with hypertension. Methods A total of 451 elderly patients with hypertension were selected and divided into four groups. Group A was 65 to 69 years of age, group B was 70 to74 years of age, group C was 75 to 79 years of age, and group D was ≥80 years of age. They were also divided into four groups according to PP levels: PP1 group ≤40 mm Hg, PP2 group41 to 60 mm Hg, PP3 group 61 to 80 mm Hg, and PP4 group 80 mm Hg. They were divided into LDL-C group 1(≥2.6 mmol/L) and LDL-C group 2(2.6 mmol/L) according to their LDL-C levels. Distribution of different age groups in four PP groups and the effects of different levels of LDL-C on pulse pressure were analyzed. Results(1) The proportions of PP2 group among the four age groups were 59.41%, 48.84%, 55.45% and 51.67%. The proportions of PP4 among the four age groups were 4.95%, 3.88%, 3.96% and 7.50%.(2) Compared with PP1 group, the proportion of LDL-C ≥2.6 mmol/L in PP2 group, PP3 group and PP4 group was significantly increased. Conclusion(1) PP levels in different ages groups are concentrated on 41-60 mm Hg. Among elderly patients with hypertension 80 mm Hg, the proportion of patients with advanced age(≥years of age) is relatively higher.(2) LDL-C is the risk factor of increased pulse pressure for elderly patients with hypertension.


Second-order rate constants, Arrhenius parameters, and isokinetic temperatures are presented for the reactions of 2-chloro-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine and 4-chloro-2,6-dimethylpyrimidine with some n-alkyl-, branched alkyl-, and dialkylamines in the absence of a solvent. The differences between these values and those available for the same reactions in a solvent are briefly discussed. An equation is derived for satisfactorily converting the apparent first-order rate constants previously reported by us into second-order rate constants.


Objective: To conceptualize in that economy based on knowledge remarks a qualitative difference in organization and behavior of modern economic life of developed economies. Methodology: It was revised a broad literature about knowledge management to obtain conclusions about its relationship with development in XX! Century. Results: It is emphasized in that Intellectual Capital is the expression of a group of actives of knowledge or of intellectual assets, of intangible nature that it has left creating and are controlled by organization thanks to the setting in action of people knowledge that integrate it. Limitations: It aims the necessity to prepare and to take advantage of intellectual capital in function of development. Conclusions: It concludes that preparation of Cuban human capital constitutes an opportunity in a country with limited material and financial resources that needs to penetrate in international market under conditions of competitiveness to be able to develop it.


Doors and windows are of profound cultural significance in the history of Chinese architecture.The exquisite decorative doors and windows of the Ming (1368-1644) and Qing (1644-1911) dynasties,in particular,which are of high collectible and decorative value,have become fashionable architectural adornments.


Matrix crack is one of the primary damages for composite pressure tank.This paper analyzes pressure tank with micromechanics in damage mechanical methods.Stress at any point of matrix is analyzed by the equivalent mixture when the stress reaches the critical value,and matrix begins to crack,and evolution of matrix crack is described.The relative formulas between crack density and elastic modulus shows the effect of crack on rigidity of pressure tank.Elastic modulus of pressure tank defines damage variables,and the relations between elastic modulus and load cycles are constructed.


According to data from the Andalusian Energy Agency (Agencia Andaluza de la Energía, 2013), the implementation of renewable energies in the Andalusian Autonomous Community raised the level of energy self supply to 13.6% in 2012, compared to 5.8% in 2006. Of this, 98.1% was renewable in origin, and renewable energies contributed 14.4% of the primary energy structure, with wind energy having the highest installed power (around 3252 MW from 144 different wind farms). The positive connotations associated with renewable energies (they allow a reduction in high energy dependency and lower the amount of Greenhouse Gas emissions, which is one of the main vectors of action in the fight against climate change) mean that, broadlyspeaking, a positive social, political and environmental view is held of these in Spain (ASIF, 2007). In addition, these energies are increasingly being understood to provide real opportunities for the promotion of endogenous and more balanced regional development (Díaz, Rodríguez and Zoido, 2010). Despite all the positive connotations associated with these types of energy, their rapid rate of implementation, their excessive concentration and their competition with other land uses have led to numerous disputes associated with their development. These have mainly been connected with the siting of the infrastructures and their implications for the landscape, and have resulted in strong criticism of specific implementations in Spain (Frolova and Pérez, 2008).


Serpentine belt drives with multi-ribbed belt are commonly used in the automotive industry.In this paper,a rotational motion model for n-pulley serpentine belt drive systems was developed in which the multiribbed belt damping and the effect of the belt deflection along contact arc of the pulley on the tension were considered.The rotational motion model was solved numerically by the forward Gear method is some with the nonlinear equilibrium model was solved by Newton-Raphson iteration method.It is shown that the forward Gear method was faster than the fourth/fifth order Runge-Kutta integration method.The rotational motion model of the n-pulley serpentine belt drive system and the numerical methods solving the model presented in this paper were useful for the design of the belt drive system.


This paper presents a new model for term risk, yield curve, and credit risk in spreads in a unified approach. The originality lies in the structuring of the Poisson stochastic of risk in a form suitable for finding the differential equation for the yield curve and its spreads as the Poisson Yield Spread Model (PYSM). A new P to Q change in measure is found for the purpose of parameterizing the stochastic component of the yield curve, based on a frequency specified version of the single event Poisson process. The PYSM determines the behaviour of discount rates and yield spreads over EU debt risk extremes.