New data  on  distribution  of  15  species  of megachilid  bees  are  given. Pseudoanthidium melanurum (Klug, 1832) is recorded from Russia for the first time; Hoplitis fulva (Eversmann, 1852) is newly recorded from Crimea; 13 species are found in the North Caucasus for the first time. Eight species listed for the European part of Russia in the "Fauna Europaea" Internet database must be excluded from the Russian fauna.


Many alternative medicine sites include clickable buttons for linking to information about acupuncture practitioners. There is wide variation in the number of practitioners listed at the sites, in the search capabilities provided for locating this information, and in the scope of the information provided for the individual practitioner listings. Searching for this kind of information is complicated because sites may include multiple modalities of alternative medicine or specialize in a particular modality. This article will explore search strategies for locating quality acupuncture practitioner information and compare some of the sites. When looking for the quality or credentials of a practitioner, it is important to note that there are many variables to consider. One would be the state requirements for licensing practitioners. It was impossible to find a site that listed the state licensing requirements with contacts and/or links for state offices. There were several listings of states that had requirements. The National Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine Alliance (NAOMA) has a list of states with statutes, regulations, and bills in progress, but it is dated November 1998. The National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (NCCAOM) site lists 33 states and the District of Columbia that have NCCAOM Certification as an integral part of their acupuncture licensure protocol, and three states that have practice acts that don't specify NCCAOM as of June 1999. It is important to note that there are two competing groups of practitioners in the United States: those who are medical doctors and


Abstract : A modified split-dose technique was used to measure the accumulation of injury during protracted exposures of the domestic sheep to Cobalt-60 gamma radiation. An initial or conditioning exposure of 165 R was given at 0.5, 0.95, 1.85, and 3.94 R/hr, and the acute exposure LD50/60 was determined immediately thereafter. These studies indicate that there is a dose rate threshold for injury accumulation under these conditions or protracted irradiation and that the threshold lies between 1.0 and 1.5 R/hr. Recovery from injury accumulated during protracted exposures has been studied by determining the LD50/60 at various times after protracted exposures. These studies indicate a rapid recovery without a lag period that proceeds to a transient acquired radioresistance 15 days after the conclusion of the protracted irradiation. (Author)


Today, financial institutions as financial intermediaries use methods and appropriate mechanisms to facilitate and accelerate international trade, reduce risks in transaction, and reduce abuses. In this regard, the quality of services provided by these institutions and their customers' satisfaction is very important. The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting the quality of services and its relationship to customer satisfaction in financial institutions in Tehran. The study sample included all clients of financial institutions in Tehran. Sample size was determined based on Morgan table to be 73. For data collection, a questionnaire was used, therefore, a questionnaire with 30 items on 5-point Likert scale was administered. This research was fundamental in terms of objective of and used regression analysis model and was descriptive and used Spss software. For data analysis in situ path analysis technique was used. Furthermore, to ensure greater knowledge of relationships with customer satisfaction Pearson's test was also used. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between knowledge and skill and customer satisfaction, also innovation and trust had no significant relationship with the customer satisfaction. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n4S2p32


obvious RV dysfunction on echocardiogram and exercise intolerance (6MWT < 330 m) or dyspnea at rest (NYHAS > 2) as adverse outcomes. This endpoint was the most common adverse outcome at 6 months, observed in 12% of survivors. An elevated troponin, a BNP > 90 pg mL, a D-dimer > 8ug L and a low pulse oximetry reading (< 95%) had diagnostic accuracies of 72%, 74%, 72% and 66%, respectively, all with lower limit 95% confidence intervals above 50% for the detection of the composite endpoint, suggesting some prognostic utility. I believe the Bova et al. report was limited by absence of a 3– 6-month endpoint that included testing for evidence of persistent, significant RV dysfunction. The outcome of RV dysfunction, together with either dyspnea at rest or exercise intolerance can cause a poor quality of life, and should be considered as an important, patient-oriented adverse outcome in studies of PE.


The introduced the applied conditions of the GDT mechanized vibration screen jig in Huangyanhui Mine.According to the design shortages and the coal leakage problems of the vibration screen jig occurred by the low technical skill of the operators,the technical reconstruction solution was provided.The paper had a discussion on how to optimize the technique measures,to fully improve the product coal quality,to improve the enterprise's economic benefit and market competitive power and other problems.And those could provide the references to the operators of the same equipments.


Summary The Development Leases operated by Shell Egypt in the Abu El-Gharadig Basin are covered by six 3D seismic, cross-spread, orthogonal seismic surveys acquired during the period from 2002 to 2008. The acquisition parameters for those surveys generated low to medium fold datasets with critical geophysical limitations impacting the overall data quality. All of these seismic surveys were processed using a basic shot processing and Pre-stack Time Migration (PSTM) workflows at the time of acquisition. In order to maximize the value of these legacy surveys a mega in-house re-processing project was kicked off to re-process the six seismic datasets covering all of the development leases in the basin. The objective of the re-processing was to deploy the latest processing technology on these surveys with acquisition limitations.


he implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) reduces mortality when used for primary or secondary prevention of sudden cardiac death in patients at high risk for life-threatening arrhythmias. In the era of singlechamber ICD, atrial fibrillation (AF) was the most common cause of inappropriate shocks, responsible for up to 62% of these.1 The issue still constitutes a major challenge, even after the advent of dual-chamber ICD and sophisticated detection criteria/algorithms.2,3


Dimensionality reduction based on random projection (RP) includes two problems, namely, the dimensionality is limited by the data size and the class separability of the dimensionality reduction results is unstable due to the randomly generated projection matrix. These problems make the RP algorithm unsuitable for large-size hyperspectral image (HSI) classification. To solve these problems, this paper presents a new partitioned RP (PRP) algorithm and proves its rationality in theory. First, a large-size HSI is evenly divided into multiple small-size sub-HSIs. Afterwards, the projection matrix that maximizes the class separability is selected from multiple samplings in which the class dissimilarity measurement is defined as large inter-class distance and small intra-class variance. By using the same projection matrix, each small-size sub-HSI is projected to generate a low dimensional sub-HSI, thereby generating a low dimensional HSI. Next, the minimum distance (MD) classifier is utilized to classify the low dimensional HSI obtained by the PRP algorithm. Finally, four real HSIs are used for experiments, and three of the most popular classification algorithms based on RP are selected as comparison algorithms to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The classification performance is evaluated with the kappa coefficient, overall accuracy (OA), average accuracy (AA), average precision rate (APR), and running time. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm can obtain reliable classification results in a very short time.


The purpose of this two-group, quasi-experimental study with repeated measures was to examine the effects of a 5-weekly health promotion cancer support group intervention with three monthly telephone support on health promoting behaviors and quality of life in Thai women with recently diagnosed breast cancer. The sample consisted of 59 breast cancer women receiving treatment; 29 women were assigned to experimental group and 30 women to control group. Data were collected at three times: baseline prior to the intervention (T1), within two weeks of completion of 5-weekly 1 ½ hour group sessions (T2), and at six months (T3).  Research instruments for data collection were Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Breast scale and Health Promotion Life Style Profile II for assessing quality of life and health promoting behaviors respectively. Using repeated measures ANOVA, the results revealed that women in experimental group, compared with those in control group, demonstrated significant improvement of health-promoting behaviors (p<.001) and quality of life (p<.001)both in short-term (Week 5-7) and long-term (6 months). These findings suggest that the health promotion cancer group support may be an efficacious psychosocial intervention for changing health behaviors and improvement of quality of life in Thai women with breast cancer during and after treatment. Nurses should promote cancer support group participation aiming at changing health promoting behaviors for patients with cancer as a crucial part of their nursing care.


: Saunas are very popular around the world, especially in some specific regions like Finland. Sitting in a temperature of 45-110°C with intervals often including cold baths influence our bodies in different aspects. Apart from being an addition to asthma or depression treatment, it works well as prevention of heart diseases and hypertension. Sauna is also believed to be able to reduce increased blood pressure values. Because of its safety it can be easily prescribed for all patients without few contraindications.


Teaching speaking communicatively is a need if you try to develop students ' entire personality. The applied methods and research techniques show an insufficient level of development of speaking as a communicative skill, because of a teaching-learning process which emphasizes language and activity and not speech and awareness, as well as an abse nce of tasks and procedures to potentiate the strategic dimension of interpersonal communication and a lack of awareness of the criteria for success of this dimension. The tasks and procedures designed and applied show its validity and feasibility.


CdSe quantum dots (QDs) were fabricated by using an alternate supply of Se- and Cd-molecular beams on ZnSe (100) films. The reflection high-energy electron diffraction and its specular beam intensity were used to investigate the moment of dot-generation, dot-coalescence and the alloying of the CdSe wetting layer (WL) and QDs due to the Zn beam irradiation. The alloying of CdSe WL under Zn beam irradiation, increased the critical thickness for the CdSe QDs generation, and the composition of the alloy depended on the irradiation period of Zn beam. The alloying speed of CdSe QDs was found to be fairly fast, but the alloying stopped at a certain Zn composition (self-limiting of diffusion). [DOI:10.1380/ejssnt.2010.283]


A short inflationary phase may not erase all traces of the primordial universe. Associated observables include both spatial curvature and "anomalies" in the microwave background or large scale structure. The present curvature $\Omega_{K,0}$ reflects the initial curvature, $\Omega_{K,\mathrm{start}}$, and the angular size of anomalies depends on $k_\mathrm{start}$, the comoving horizon size at the onset of inflation. We estimate posteriors for $\Omega_{K,\mathrm{start}}$ and $k_\mathrm{start}$ using current data and simulations, and show that if either quantity is measured to have a non-zero value, both are likely to be observable. Mappings from $\Omega_{K,\mathrm{start}}$ and $k_\mathrm{start}$ to present-day observables depend strongly on the primordial equation of state; $\Omega_{K,0}$ spans ten orders of magnitude for a given $\Omega_{K,\mathrm{start}}$ while a simple and general relationship connects $\Omega_{K,0}$ and $k_\mathrm{start}$. We show that current bounds on $\Omega_{K,0}$ imply that if $k_\mathrm{start}$ is measurable, the curvature was already small when inflation began. Finally, since the energy density changes slowly during inflation, primordial gravitational wave constraints require that a short inflationary phase is preceded by a nontrivial pre-inflationary phase with critical implications for the expected value of $\Omega_{K,\mathrm{start}}$.


3 men showing autoagglutination of spermatozoa were given 250 mg depot injections of testosterone enanthate once or twice weekly for 6 weeks then 250 mg every 2 weeks once sperm density had been reduced for a total dosage of 2000-3500 mg. Acrosin activity fell along with sperm density and trypsin-inhibitor activity showed a concomitant rise. Autoagglutination disappeared. Some wives became pregnant under these conditions.


Using wide angel X-ray scatter and RDF(Radial distribution function),the amorphous structure of polycarbosilane(PCS)has been studied.The results show that polycarbosilane is a amorphous polymer,whose structure is probably built with hexagonal cycles of alternating Si and C atoms.It has a short-range order,the average distance of the nearest atoms of PCS is about 1.86×10-10m,which is most likely attributed to the distance of silicon and carbon.So the main-bond structure of PCS is probably built with silicon and carbon atoms and that is the key factor for PCS to become the precursor of SiC ceramic.Furthermore,it is made up of medium range ordering domains with approximate periodicity(r1)of 12×10-10m and that the distance of short-range order(rs)is about 5.12×10-10m,because r1 equals to 2rs,it concludes that the structure of PCS becomes disordered beyond two repeated units.


To allow the release of a resource by avoiding potential replay interpersonal or free flight, there is provided an RFID-type contactless device responsive to a challenge and to securely transmit an authenticator of the device of the wearer. The response to the challenge ensures a variation of the transmitted signals which guarantees the impossibility of flying rights. The authenticator allows, via a seizure, to ensure that the person using the contactless device is the one to which he belongs.


The research employed the definition of executive function(EF for short),namely effects of inhibition,shifting and updating,proposed by Miyake and his research fellows,and the very definition confirmed by latent variable analysis.The paper discussed the effects of three subfunctions of EF on verbal fluency.The experimental results were as follows:As for phonemic fluency,terms production by initials showed a higher predictive validity than terms by character components,so it may be better representative of phonemic fluency in Chinese.Phonemic fluency was characterized with language-specific.The role of the subfunction of shifting and inhibition,in both phonemic fluency and semantic fluency tasks,was quite similar.Semantic fluency relied more on memory updating.


Aron Sol'ts : It seems to me that the draft suggested by the Commissariat of Justice is only a formal "step forward." It has nothing in common with the real steps forward we must take in the areas of culture, life, and development. Nikolai Krylenko : So, Comrade Sol'ts wants what we now already have. All these countless babi with children, wives suing communists, and communists running from their wives … in one word, all those who protest to him about the current situation. Are they really protesting against the draft? What does Comrade Sol'ts want to change? The draft, which is not yet in effect, or the current law? Sol'ts : The draft and the current law! Krylenko : How do you want to change it? Tell us, Comrade Sol'ts, do you want to provide a legal basis for only the first marriage, to establish the right to enter marriage only once? Is that what you want? Is this so, or not so? Sol'ts : Not so. Krylenko : No, it is so. If we are to call ourselves Marxists, we must affirm that we cannot struggle with a definite phenomenon of life by punitive norms. Sol'ts : I didn't suggest this. Krylenko : Then tell us concretely, what are you suggesting? By October 1925, the final draft of the new Family Code was affirmed by Sovnarkom (Council of People's Commissars) and submitted to the Central Executive Committee (VTsIK) for ratification. Jurists had taken two years to agree on an acceptable draft, discarding at least three previous versions in an attempt to meet various needs and interests.


This study aims to explore and strengthen the concept of narratology as one of the theories of contemporary literature. The study focuses on three aspects, namely the various forms of the narrator, the dominant type of greeting, and the unique characteristics of the work. The object of this study is 38 short stories by Herman RN which were published in various media and anthologies from 2005 to 2020. This research uses an objective approach, with qualitative-descriptive methods and content analysis techniques. The research findings are (1) the form of the narrator in the Herman RN's short stories consisting of the first-person narrator (55.26%) and the third-person narrator (44.74%); (2) the dominant type of greeting used by the narrator who tells the story by referring to himself as "Aku = I" or "saya = I" (or other synonyms) or by referring to the object being told, such as 'dia = he, -nya = his, (or the name of the character); and (3) the short stories have not shown certain characteristics that have become a trend in the use of these narrators. The research concludes that the storytelling system of Herman RN's short stories is simple, easy to understand, and consistent with one choice.


Increasing power quality disturbances is one of the significant concerns of power systems that have attracted attention in recent years. One of the most important power quality disturbances is flicker. Flicker not only leads to flickering lighting systems but also damages network equipments, especially those with a high degree of sensitivity. As power systems are restructured, it is possible to take some measures against polluting subscribers. In this article, a new short-circuit-based method is proposed for determining the flicker transfer coefficient. Moreover, four new indices are introduced to assess the effect of flicker sources on target buses' voltage. In the proposed indices, the flicker sensitivity coefficient and the amount of load supplied by each target bus are considered. Using these indices, one can take an accurate impression of the effect of one or more flicker sources on the target buses' voltage. Finally, using the proposed indices, a new flicker propagation pricing method is presented, which can be used to penalize the flicker sources based on their flicker contribution in the target buses. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in determining the contribution of flicker sources, the simulations are conducted on IEEE 14-bus test system. The simulation results show that by doing so, while taking into account the introduced indices, it is possible to identify and evaluate the contribution of different flicker sources. Moreover, experimental measurements are conducted on Isfahan region power system as a part of Iran transmission network. Finally, as a result, by applying proper penalty fees to subscribers, it is possible to reduce the flicker level of the network.


1. Schinzel A, Schmid W, Prader A. Turner phenotype: mosaic 45,X/47,XY,+18. J Med Genet 1974; 11: 101–104. 2. Serville F, Fontan D, Laurent C, Cazauran JM, Verger P. Mosaic 45,X/47,XY,+18. Hum Genet 1977; 36: 351–353. 3. Franceschini P, Guala A, Camerano P, Franceschini D, Vardeu MP, Signorile F. Ulrich–Turner phenotype with unusual manifestation in a patient with mosaicism 45,X/47,XX,+18. Am J Genet 1996; 62: 26–28. 4. Genuardi M, Pomponi MG, Torrisi L, Neri G, Stagni ML, Tozzi C. 45,X/47,XX,+18 constitutional mosaicism: clinical presentation and evidence for a somatic origin of the aneuploid cell lines. J Med Genet 1999; 36: 496–498. 5. Schubert R, Eggermann T, Hofstaetter C, von Netzer B, Knopfle G, Schwanitz G. Clinical, cytogenetic, and molecular findings in 45,X/47,XX,+18 mosaicism: clinical report and review of the literature. Am J Med Genet 2002; 110: 278–282. 6. Surana RB, Bain HW, Conen PE. 18-Trisomy in a 15-year-old girl. Am J Dis Child 1972; 123: 75–77. 7. De Pater JM, Smeets DF, Scheres JM. Unique mosaicism of structural chromosomal rearrangement: is chromosome 18 preferentially involved? Am J Med Genet 2003; 15: 26–31. 8. International Human Genome sequencing Consortium. Initial sequencing and analysis of the human genome. Nature 2001; 409: 860–921. 9. Plessis G, Le Treust M, Lemaire F, Maugard T, Cau D. Trisomy 18 mosaicism in a mildly retarded boy with postnatal overgrowth. Ann Genet 1997; 40: 235–237. 10. Bettio D, Levi Setti P, Bianchi P, Grazioli V. Trisomy 18 mosaicism in a woman with normal intelligence. Am J Med Gen 2003; 120: 303–304.


In a molecular level of water structure, clusters exist in a combination of continuous composition and decomposition. Purpose of this work is to find out how these structures can be connected with the Mongolian and the Earst medicine understanding. Has been done number of works on this subject and resently used cluster structure model in order to investigate the phase structures in water.


Both sides of the Taiwan Strait come into GTSE new stage, the higher education development of Fujian and Taiwan are all facing new trends and new challenges,which needs scientific analysis and chooses the best strategic active plan to promote the higher education of west of Taiwan Strait to try first.Using SWOT reviews the strengths,weaknesses,opportunities and threats of Fujian higher education,combining with the outward-oriented development status of social economic and educational culture of Fujian province in the GTSE,proposes the action plans of "Fujian Model" of higher educational strategy in the future five years,to promote the west and east of Taiwan Strait to whole communicate each other.


A InGaP/GaAs heterojunction bipolar transistor structure is proposed in which the base epi-layer underneath the extended ledge works as a base ballast resistor. The structure eliminates the critical alignment for a passivation ledge formation as well as additional process steps for external base ballast resistors. Both ballasted and unballasted devices were fabricated and compared. A small signal equivalent circuit gives us the magnitude of the effective ballast resistance. The thermal characteristics, including gain-collapsed I-V and V/sub be/ regression curve are shown and modeled. The temperature dependency of base sheet resistance and its influence on the device performance are also discussed.


Objective: To clarify the effect of cigarette smoking on the development of conditions associated with HIV infection. Design: Prospective and retrospective cohort study, with interview and examination twice a year since 1988. Methods: Data on 516 HIV‐infected men from cohorts of homosexual and bisexual men in San Francisco, Denver and Chicago, who were repeatedly interviewed and examined between 1988 and 1992, were analysed. After excluding men who did not have well‐defined dates of seroconversion and those who were classified as ex‐ or intermittent smokers, 232 men remained for analysis: 106 were smokers and 126 were non‐smokers. Univariate and Kaplan‐Meier survival analyses were performed to assess the relationship between cigarette smoking and loss of CD4+ T‐lymphocytes, diagnosis of any AIDS‐defining illness, and specific diagnosis of Kaposi's sarcoma, Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), oral candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, and community‐acquired pneumonia. Results: By univariate analyses, cigarette smoking was not associated with clinical AIDS, loss of CD4+ cells, Kaposi's sarcoma or PCP, but was significantly associated with oral candidiasis [relative risk (RR), 1.32; 95% confidence interval (Cl), 1.02–1.70], hairy leukoplakia (RR, 1.51; 95% Cl, 1.15–1.99), and community‐acquired pneumonia (RR, 2.62; 95% Cl, 1.30–5.27). Dose‐response effect was also evident for these three conditions (all P < 0.01). Kaplan‐Meier survival analysis indicated no association between cigarette smoking and time of progression to clinical AIDS, Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), or PCP (P = 0.62, 0.54 and 0.11, respectively) but showed that cigarette smokers developed oral candidiasis, hairy leukoplakia, and pneumonia more quickly than non‐smokers (P = 0.031, 0.006 and 0.009, respectively). Conclusions: Cigarette smoking was not associated with an increased likelihood or rate of developing KS, PCP or AIDS, but was associated with developing communityacquired pneumonia, oral candidiasis, and hairy leukoplakia in these HIV‐infected men.


The article discusses the issue of correlation between urban identity and Izhevsk identity as the capital of Russia's region. The discussion is underpinned by the notion of urban identity which is understood as self-identification of an individual against city residents; city identity is understood as an image of city territory, city communities and urban society. The analysis of correlation between urban identity and city identity shows that identity of the city is cognitive component of urban identity, alongside with its affective and praxeological component. The aim of the research was to identify the issue of Izhevsk identity as a component of urban identity of Izhevsk residents. Based on the results of empirical research, which was carried out through surveys, semi-structured interviews, focus groups, it was stated that the identity of Izhevsk is of controversial character, and can be seen from binary positions: "capital-region", "uniqueness-typicality", "innovation-tradition", "social stability-social instability", "initiative-passive". The hypothesis that the identity of Izhevsk as a cognitive component of urban identity is controversial and ambivalent has been proved. It is underpinned by the opinion of respondents who found the city identity problematic and motivates to develop urban identity via activating its praxeological component.


The traditional dental prostheses components often need to be molded by the plaster, it makes the patients uncomfortable. After the mold is taken from the patient's mouth, it then be used as the coarse mold for further casting and sintering. The shape is then modified by CNC machining to fit the patient. However, it is difficult to confirm adaptation of tooth installed in patient's mouth. If adaptation of tooth is not suitable, the tooth will be taken out soon. The reason is that the teeth are decayed again in the future and cause bad breath. The above steps are not only time-consuming, high cost, but also easily cause patient's discomfort and medical problems. The 3D printing method for the human teeth is another choose of the manufacture. CAE analysis and experimental design investigated here could be applied to predict shrinkage of different dentures shape. Then the dentures shape can be reversed amplifier. It will be close to patient requirement who needs the precise dentures shape, also it can avoid complicated procedure of CNC machining and reduce dentists finishing time.


32 Introduction 33 Changes in Entrepreneurial Passion 35 Role Ambiguity and the JD-R Model 38 The Moderating Role of Feedback-Seeking Behavior 40 Outcomes of Entrepreneurial Passion 41 Method 42 Results 45 Discussion 48 Conclusion 54 References 56


Natural disaster risk theory was applied to establish a real-time rainstorm-flood disaster risk assessment model in Liaoning Province.Disaster-inducing factors,exposure of disaster bearing body,sensitivity of disaster environment and ability of disaster prevention and reduction were considered.Indicator weights in the model were determined through Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP).This model and GIS spatial analysis were used to assess real time risk of rainstorm-flood disaster on August 16,2013 in Liaoning Province on both municipal scale and 1km×1km grid scale.The result was presented as integrated index flood disaster risk index(FDRI).Risk was found to be generally higher in east area and lower in west area of Liaoning Province.High and sub-high risk area distributed in the north and northeast of Liaoning Province,and the east low hilly area in the southwest of Liaoning Province,including Tieling,Fushun,Liaoyang and Anshan.Slight and low risk area distributed in the west low hilly area and the midwest of Liaohe River plain,including Chaoyang,Huludao,Panjin and Jinzhou.The risk distribution of assessment was basically in accord with the actual disaster area distribution on both municipal and county scales.Significant positive correlation was found between disaster statistics and flood disaster risk index especially on municipal scale.The above results indicate that the present model has strong practical significance and application value.


Ficus ingens commonly called fig is a plant of high medicinally values possessing many of the biological activities like antibiotic and analgesic. The medicinal potentials of this plant lies in its phytochemical constituents. Hence the present study was carried to evaluate and compare the phytochemical and proximate composition of the bark, leaf and root of this plant. The results of the phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, phenols, flavonoids and glycosides. Aside glycosides, the leaf and root showed significantly higher quantity of aforementioned phytochemicals than those recorded from the bark. Tannins had the highest mean values of 12.30 ± 0.11 mg/100 g) followed by phenols (3.67 ± 0.03 mg/100 g), glycosides (3.60 ± 0.08 mg/100 g), flavonoids (2.69 ± 0.02 mg/100 g) and saponins (0.64±0.02 mg/100 g). Results of the proximate composition showed the root had significantly higher amount of ash, crude protein, crude fat and carbohydrate with lowest moisture when compared to the other plant part. Fibre was highest in leaf followed by root and bark. Generally, the plant a good source of fibre and poor source of fat as indicated by mean values of 37.26 ±0.04% and 2.19 ± 0.02% respectively. The present investigation revealed that the leaf and root of Ficus ingens contained bioactive substances that are attest to their usefulness in the treatment of several ailments. The parts could also find their usefulness in drug making.


Minerals are commonly identified by searching a file of standard X-ray powder diffraction patterns for a match with the pattern of the unknown. Such searching is generally done by hand, but the APL language, now available on most computers, allows direct expression and execution of these search procedures. Two features of APL make solution of the search problem particularly simple. The membership function, e , permits immediate comparison between an entire file of standards and the unknown; consequently mixtures are matched as easily as single phases. APL also allows the analyst to control the tolerance used by the computer in making comparisons. We have implemented a search program on a desk-top IBM 5100 computer, which students use routinely in an elementary mineralogy class at Pomona College. Although the entire Jcpos file can be searched, we illustrate the logic by use of a file small enough that each step can be performed by hand. The method demonstrated its effectiveness by successful identification of the minerals in a test mixture whose 2d values were supplied by the Computer Subcommittee of Jcpps.


Near-field scanning optical microscopy has been developed as a combination of scanning probe microscopy and optical microscopy in which the spatial resolution is determined by scanning probe microscope resolution while the signals detected are coming from several optical interactions. As a result, near-field scanning optical microscopy has achieved higher spatial resolution than that of the classical optical microscopy that uses a conventional lens, which is strictly limited by the diffraction limit of light. In this paper, recent advances in near-field optical microscopy and spectroscopy are reviewed, particularly, the metal tip based probes. The discussion covers tip-enhancement effect in various wavelength regions, deep ultraviolet (DUV), ultraviolet (UV), visible (vis), and infrared (IR) up to terahertz (THz) frequency.


In this paper, we describe an audio watermarking algorithm that can embed a multiple-bit message which is robust against wow-and-flutter, cropping, noise-addition, pitch-shift, and audio compressions such as MP3. The algorithm calculates and manipulates the magnitudes of segmented areas in the time-frequency plane of the content using short-term DFTs. The detection algorithm correlates the magnitudes with a pseudo-random array that maps to a two-dimensional area in the time-frequency plane. The two-dimensional array makes the watermark robust because, even when some portions of the content are heavily degraded, other portions of the content can match the pseudo-random array and contribute to watermark detection. Another key idea is manipulation of magnitudes. Because magnitudes are less influenced than phases by fluctuations of the analysis windows caused by random cropping, the watermark resists degradation. When signal transformation causes pitch fluctuations in the content, the frequencies of the pseudo-random array embedded in the content shift, and that causes a decrease in the volume of the watermark signal that still correctly overlaps with the corresponding pseudo-random array. To keep the overlapping area wide enough for successful watermark detection, the widths of the frequency subbands used for the detection segments should increase logarithmically as frequency increases. We theoretically and experimentally analyze the robustness of proposed algorithm against a variety of signal degradations.


The identity of Peridermizl?~~ stalactiforwze Arth. & Kern and its occurrence on Pi7zzls banksia7za Lamb. in Saslcatchewan are established. Alrelampyrzlnz lineare Desr. and Castilleja rherifolia Rydb. were infected with this rust experimentally. For the first time, C. rherifolia was discovered to be llat~lrally infected with a species of C~o?zartitl?n. The minimum period from inoculation to production of mature spores was 14 days for uredinia and 16 for telia. In 18 experiments, 17 inoc~~lations on C. rhexifolia produced sparse infection in 30 of the 37 clusters inoculated, and 6 inoc~~lations of -elampyrzlm lineare plants produced more severe infection in 48 OLI~ of 97 plants. In contrast, 59 experiments with Pe,-idernzizl~n lta~knessii J. P. Moore involving 109 inoculations of 1344 $1. linen~e plants and 48 clusters of Caslilleja rlterifolia failed to produce infection, indicating that these suspects are not hosts of P. ltarknessii.


The largest earthquake swarm ever recorded in Japan began off the islands of Miyake‐jima, Kozu‐shima and Nii‐jima, and was linked to volcanic activity on Miyake‐jima, at the northern end of the volcanic front of the Izu‐Ogasawara (Bonin) arc. Ocean bottom seismographic observations made directly above the swarm region gave clear indication of a magmatic intrusion. The hypocenter distribution shows a vertical sheet, 2 km wide and at a depth of 12–20 km, that broadens markedly at depths up to 12 km. The P wavespeed structure obtained from a seismic refraction survey shows no significant difference in the characteristics of the shallow crust between the strong swarm region and inactive region. However, a low wavespeed region was detected 10–15 km northwest of Miyake‐jima.


the Department of Biblical and Patristic Greek in the University of Chicago. Of the first we may say that it is a very brief discussion of the etymology and use of these two significant words as found in all forms and classes of Greek literature up to the end of the New Testment period. The results of the study are quite in line with the well-known explanations of these words which convey the New Testament teaching as to repentance. It is well to have this confirmation from a careful examination of every use of the terms. The work is rather mechanical and shows no marked appreciation of Greek. The work of Dr. Norton i~ presented in more complete form and elicits admiration and gratitude for the extensive pains involved in seeking and cataloguing all the uses of this term in the period undertaken. One can hardly feel that any great advantage is gained by publishing long lists of every use of the word, but it was greatly worth while to have consulted and recorded them all. They will be of service, when the studies are extended to the later period, in fixing the significance of this vital term in the teaching of Jesus and the Apostles. The second half of the work discusses the origin and use of the will (testamentary) in Greek law. It is an interesting study. W. O. CARVER.


Objective To investigate the changes of ATPase activity on erythrocyte membrane during different anaesthesia.Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ patients undergoing elective stomach radical surgery were randomly divided into two groups:isoflurane general anesthesia (IGA,n=30) and intravenous propofol and ketamine general anaesthesia (PGA,n=30).Blood samples were collected before induction,1h after incision and the operation ended,24h postoperation for determination Na +-K +-ATPase content.Results There was only a significant difference between the two groups at operation completed.Enzymology activity in PGA group:there was a significant difference between 24h postoperation and before operation (P0.05).Enzymology activity in IGA group:compared operation completed and 24h postoperation with before operation,there was a significant difference (P0.05).Conclusion Na +-K +-ATPase,Ca 2+-ATPase,Mg 2+-ATPase activities of erythrocyte membrane affected by intravenous propofol combined with ketamine general anaesthesia and isoflurane inhalation general anaesthesia,PGA is less than IGA.


The objective of this study was to examine the effect of inulin powder on chemical, organoleptic and microbial properties of Kalakand. It is observed that addition of inulin powder content in Kalakand up to 2% level had significantly ( P <0.05) decreases moisture, fat, protein, total carbohydrates content in Kalakand whereas, ash, fiber, total solids content increases significantly ( P <0.05) as compare to control. It was observed that addition of inulin powder had significant ( P <0.05) effect on body and texture as compare to flavour, color and appearance, sweetness and overall acceptability of the Kalakand. In respect to the microbiological properties, increasing the level of inulin powder decreases the Total Plate Count and Yeast and Mould count in Kalakand. Our results suggest that inulin powder can be added into Kalakand up to 2% without affecting its overall quality characteristics.


Medication adherence is often suboptimal for adolescents with HIV, and establishing correct weight‐based antiretroviral therapy dosing is difficult, contributing to virological failure. This review aimed to determine the proportion of adolescents achieving virological suppression after initiating ART.


We found that a huge enhancement of electrical spin accumulation in n-type Ge(001) with the MgO/Co40Fe40B20 (CFB) spin-tunnel contact (STC) is realized by postannealing. The spin-resistance–area product (RsA) of this STC on n-type Ge after postannealing at 350 °C (1.97 × 106 Ω·µm2) is nearly one order of magnitude larger than that of the as-deposited one (2.34 × 105 Ω·µm2). The dependence of RsA on contact resistance, a scaling property, is also greatly modulated after postannealing. The epitaxial growth of CFB on an MgO(001) template and the consequent TSP improvement are responsible for such changes.


Paralarvae of the common squid, Todarodes pacificus Steenstrup were sampled with the bongo net (diameter: 60 cm, mesh: ) by using oblique tow method with the oceanographic research vessel (Tamgu 12) at 21 stations along the southwestern coastal waters of the East Sea in August and September, 2013. Paralarvae were collected 16 ind./ in August and 7 ind./ in September at approximately, and bottom depth was from 70 m to 500 m. Mantle length of paralarvae was from 1.7 to 6.0 mm. Paralavae were distributed mainly in offshore stations in August and near by Cape Janggi in September. Optimum embryo survival temperature () was formed shallower than 35 m depth for almost stations where paralarvae were existed, and survival temperature () for embryo stage was located shallower than 75 m.


To enhance the temporal resolution of calibration‐free dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE‐MRI) by implementing compressed sensing assisted turbo spin echo (CS‐TSE) acquisition.


2-Diethylaminoethyl p -aminobenzoate is unstable at elevated temperatures and evolves carbon dioxide, 2-diethylaminoethanol, and N , N -diethyl- N ′-phenylethylenediamine. The pharmacological properties of the diamine correlate with some of the actions of systemic procaine.


The invention discloses a preparation method of Chinese traditional medicine aconite root; the preparing process of black prepared lateral root of aconite includes that aconite root is firstly immersed in water solution; then the aconite root is washed by clean water to be vertically cut into slices with the thickness of approximate 0.5 cm; then the slices are steamed completely and rinsed by clean water, then the aconite root slices are dripped and dyed brown through toning solution; then the aconite root slices are steamed until an oil surface is formed and the aconite root slices have luster; finally, the aconite root slices are dried in the sun or dried under low temperature; the preparing process of white prepared lateral root of aconite includes that aconite root is firstly immersed in water solution; then the aconite root is taken out and peeled to be vertically cut into slices with the thickness of approximate 0.3 cm; the slices are steamed completely and rinsed by clean water, the aconite root slices are dripped and steamed until an oil surface is formed; finally, the aconite root slices are dried in sun or dried under low temperature. The preparing method enables the toxic ingredient aconitine in aconite root to hydrolyze sufficiently so that the application of the aconite root is safer; meanwhile, the total content of effective alkaloid in the aconite root products is maintained to be high and the efficacy is improved. Besides, the preparation method of Chinese traditional medicine aconite root has no environmental pollution and is applicable to industrialization production.


AIMS
Minimum unit price (MUP) of 50 pence per unit of alcohol was introduced in Scotland on the 1 May 2018. We assessed alcohol-related liver disease (ArLD) discharges from Glasgow Royal Infirmary (GRI) before and after the introduction of MUP.

METHODS
Medical records of all patients discharged from Gastroenterology wards at GRI in the fourth quarter (Q4) of the years 2015-2019 were reviewed. All patients with ArLD were identified, and detailed hospitalization data were collected retrospectively. Active drinking, severity scores, presence of alcoholic hepatitis (AH) and 90-day mortality and readmission rates were assessed.

RESULTS
There were fewer ArLD discharges per quarter after MUP than before (mean 80.3 pre-MUP; mean 68 post-MUP), and the proportion of active drinkers was lower post-MUP (64.7 vs. 70.5%). There was a significant fall in the mean number of weekly discharges of individual patients who were actively drinking (4.0 ± 2.0 pre-MUP, 2.8 ± 1.5 post-MUP, P = 0.01). There were no differences in the proportion of patients presenting with ascites, encephalopathy or AH; however, there was a reduction in presentations with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding from 15.8% pre-MUP to 7.4% post-MUP (P = 0.02; odds ratio 0.42). Severity of liver disease remained unchanged. The 90-day mortality and readmission rates were not significantly different.

CONCLUSION
Since the introduction of MUP there has been a reduction in the absolute numbers of patients discharged with ArLD and the number of individual patients involved at GRI. The pattern of clinical presentation was largely unaffected with overall ArLD severity, readmission rates and 90-day mortality similar pre- and post-MUP.


BACKGROUND
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) generates reactive oxygen species in skin that can play a role in skin damage, but reports about the photoprotective properties of oral antioxidant supplements are conflicting.

OBJECTIVE
We examined the ability of 2 lipid-soluble antioxidants, vitamin E and beta-carotene, to reduce markers of oxidative stress and erythema in human skin exposed to UVR.

DESIGN
Sixteen healthy subjects took either alpha-tocopherol (n = 8; 400 IU/d) or beta-carotene (n = 8; 15 mg/d) for 8 wk. Biopsy samples before and after supplementation were taken from unexposed skin and skin 6 h after 120 mJ/cm(2) UVR. The effects of supplements on markers of oxidative stress in skin and the minimal erythema dose to UVR were assessed.

RESULTS
Supplementary vitamin E was bioavailable, the plasma concentration increased from 14.0 +/- 0.66 (x +/- SEM) to 18.2 +/- 0.64 mug/mL (P < 0.01), and the skin concentration increased from 0.55 +/- 0.09 to 1.6 +/- 0.19 ng/mg protein (P < 0.01). Supplementary beta-carotene increased plasma concentrations from 1 +/- 0.3 to 2.25 +/- 0.3 mug/mL (P < 0.05), but skin concentrations were undetectable. Before vitamin E supplementation, UVR increased the skin malondialdehyde concentration from 0.42 +/- 0.07 to 1.24 +/- 0.16 nmol/mg protein (P < 0.01), whereas oxidized or total glutathione increased from 9.98 +/- 0.4% to 12.0 +/- 1.0% (P < 0.05). Vitamin E supplementation significantly decreased the skin malondialdehyde concentration, but neither vitamin E nor beta-carotene significantly influenced other measures of oxidation in basal or UVR-exposed skin.

CONCLUSIONS
Vitamin E or beta-carotene supplementation had no effect on skin sensitivity to UVR. Although vitamin E supplements significantly reduced the skin malondialdehyde concentration, neither supplement affected other measures of UVR-induced oxidative stress in human skin, which suggested no photoprotection of supplementation.


After tracing the developments of the arch dams‡ the various methods used in the design are briefly explained. The limitations of the various methods indicate that Model Analysis alone can give a quick and satisfactory solution,. The design criteria for modern arch dams is then outlined. It is to be noted that the volume of some of the recent arch dams are very small compared with those of the gravity dams. These values areas small as 18 per cent. to 40 per cent. in some of the modern dams. It is, therefore, very necessary that arch dams are built in our country wherever sites are suitable.


Information security issue becomes increasingly concerns in the current environment with fast development of information technology, in which most of the concerns are rising from legal and ethical aspect. It is always questioned that are individuals and organizations aware of information security and the relevant regulations. How would they act when encountering information security misuse? How much power do regulations and ethics have on restricting information security misuse? This research study will mainly analyse legal and ethical issues in information security including the public awareness of information security and their impact. We formed three hypotheses based on the relevant court case review and the related literature, and have discussed whether the hypotheses are supported or not and several interviews to the victim of information security victim.


In Reply.— Dr Eickhoff presents a cogent argument for the use of rifampin prophylaxis when meningococcal disease has been diagnosed in one member of a family. Indeed, a number of authorities hold the same opinion. However, in the absence of proved (controlled) efficacy of the drug in preventing meningococcaldisease, the controversy becomes merely a matter of divergent opinions based on circumstantial evidence. Minocycline was the choice of some until the recent reports of serious side reactions. I am tempted to predict, therefore, that rifampin, which has immunosuppressive effects and inhibits RNA and DNA polymerases, will eventually be considered too hazardous a drug to be used for a purpose of unproved benefit.


In the audit of capital construction in colleges and universities, reduction in amount and rate is attached importance while process audit is neglected. This goal deviation leads to superficial audit. The department of audit administration should make research into goal management and apply the result to the practice of process audit, setting concrete audit tasks to reach the abstract audit goal.


Abstract : The ionization of H2O was investigated, using charge exchange in a double mass spectrometer. The breakdown graph was constructed. A break in the electron impact ionization efficiency curve is explained as being due to preionization, as its explanation as being due to an ion-molecule reaction between H(+) ions and H2O seems to be less probable. The appearance potential of OH(+) was found to be considerably higher with charge exchange than when electron impact was used, which agrees with an earlier finding that intercombination transitions seem to be more strictly forbidden in charge exchange than in electron impact. CH3NH2 and CH3OH were investigated, using charge exchange at elevated pressures. The breaks in the ionization efficiency curves for these molecules are discussed and ascribed to preionization or secondary processes.


An integral domain D is weakly Matlis if the intersection D = \{DP |P 2 t-Max(D)} is independent of finite character. We investigate the question of when D(X) or DS is weakly Matlis.


Settlement patterns and path networks represent different but connected perspectives on human-environment interaction through movement, manifested through the appropriation and organisation of landscape by societies. Settlement patterns and path networks evolve with unharmonized temporalities, but in constant interaction which render the territorial studies very challenging. Remote sensing, GIS and 3D modeling have greatly contributed to our knowledge and understanding of movement as encapsulated in routes, but the methods employed make it difficult to connect with theories of engagement through travel. Pragmatically, it is difficult to integrate LiDAR-detected traces of pathways, which conflate temporalities, with network analysis techniques and settlement pattern analysis which focus on changing patterns over time.
This paper argues for an integrated approach. After a general review of the main methods developed to detect and model movement, pathways and networks of transportation, a conceptual framework will be presented that will enable us to make the connection between the material evidence of routes and various computer-based models of movement, and thus better understand territorial dynamics. This conceptual framework investigates connectivity at various spatiotemporal scales. Most importantly, it creates an explicit framework for research using both detection and modelling-led approaches. A comparison of regional case studies from the literature will be presented to discuss the balance between general models and specific contextualisation.


Objective To observe the changes of C-reactive protein(CRP),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α) and interleukin 6(IL-6) in the patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS),and to discuss the relationship between PCOS and the former three indicators,and the correlation among the three indicators.Methods 27 cases of PCOS(PCOS group) and 15 cases of infertility(control group) due to tubal factors or male inferltility were enrolled.CRP,TNF-α,and IL-6 in both groups were detected,the correlation among CPR,TNF-α and IL-6 and the correlation between the former three indicators and POCS were analyzed.Results The levels of TNF-α,IL-6 in PCOS group were higher than that in the control group(P0.05,P0.01);the levels of CRP in PCOS group were a little higher than that in the control group,but the difference was not significant(P0.05).TNF-α was positively correlated with IL-6(P0.01).CRP was not related to TNF-α and IL-6,and the three indicators were not related to insulin resistance index(P0.05).Conclusion When compared with CRP,TNF-α and IL-6 may be much more stable inflammatory factors in the further discussion of the pathogenesis of PCOS and predicting long-term complications.


The news is full of headlines about the increasing number of school teachers leaving the profession. Almost half of all new teachers will leave their chosen profession within the first five years in Australia (Schapp 2017) and New Zealand (NZEI 2019). The trend is significant and worrying. There are broad social and policy issues behind this trend that each nation needs to wrestle with and address. Where are all of these teachers going? The answers are as different as each teacher, but one natural career transition is to training and development in corporations, higher education, and non-profits. Many teachers find that their skills are readily transferable and training and development offers better pay, better work/life balance, and greater growth and development opportunities.


The trend toward the inclusion of students with special needs in classrooms in which there is ambitious instruction places complex and multiple demands on teachers. These challenges suggest the need for research investigating powerful ways of supporting teachers to critically reflect upon and revise their instructional practices. Using interactional ethnography, we report on the process and outcomes of engaging in conversations with teachers when the purpose of the conversation is to interpret and respond to vignettes characterizing the participation and learning of students with special needs. Specifically, we focus on how teachers' thinking about the use of small-group work changed over the course of the conversations and led to modifications in teachers' practices relative to constituting and employing small-group work in their classrooms.


This paper copes with some of the implementation issues in the systems with filtered multitone (FMT) modulation. Considered FMT transmultiplexer structure is based on Mbranch uniform filterbank. In order to reduce remaining intersymbol interference, reference structure has time domain equalizer. Equalizer is predefined according to the response of channel filter. Important aspects of the development of such system are presented on the specific example. The design of transmitter and receiver prototype filters has to provide that the channel spectral mask is satisfied. In the same time, their impulse responses must be tailored so the channel filter response can be efficiently equalized with short equalizer. In this work, solution is presented where desired degree of freedom is made available by using receiver filter which is slightly unmatched with transmitter filter. This procedure provides very short transmitter, receiver, and equalizer filter responses, having a receiver with lower latency. In addition, simple and very efficient method of peak-to-average power ratio reduction is introduced, based on exhaustive search. Overall Eb/N0 performance of the considered FMT system is simulated and analyzed.


The overall purpose of this study was to find a way to identify incorrect data in Sida's statistics about their contributions. A contribution is the financial support given by Sida to a project. Th ...


The gas phase adsorption properties of a microporous polymer modified with sulfone groups, soPIM-1, were studied with a combined Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics technique. The sulfone-modified polymer was shown to have twice the stiffness of the parent compound, PIM-1, and a greater affinity for CO2. Significance and Impact Identifying adsorbent materials through computational studies is important for the development of sustainable and environmentally conscious technology. Tailoring the chemistry of known polymers with simulations is an efficient strategy for designing promising new materials. Research Details GCMC and GCMC/MD simulations were used to describe the adsorption of a diverse set of gasses and adsorbate-induced dynamics on soPIM-1.


Abstrat: Many of the problems that have cumntly beset the c0"crcial egg layer indushy have arisen becaw of methods of handing the manure output !+om large flocks. Alternative techniques for handling of animal manure within animal production facilities will need to be developed to sat& current and future zoning and environmental criteria placed on these types of operations. This paper discusses tests umducted in a commercial high-rise laycr house involving an in-house deep litter manure management system. This involves layers at Oammtrcial densities. depositing their manure onto stacked litter materials located directly beneath the cages. Regular turning of the litter facilitates composting within the layer house resulting in a reduction of manure volume and weight


Closing of an elevator box for a telescopic door with at least one door leaf (1) and a door frame (2), forming a door leaf (1a) on the closed side with a door frame (20) on the closing side a closing edge area (3) characterized in that the door frame is structured in the area of the closing edge with at least a first part of the door frame (20a) and a second part of door frame (20b) the two door frame parts (20a, 20b) being joined together in a thermally separable manner, at least partially, and because the first door frame part (20a) modifies, at least partially, its position referring to the second part of the door frame (20b) under a defined thermal stress.


Methods and systems for detecting NOx sensor degradation are provided based on the results of a NOx sensor self-diagnostic (SD) test. In one example, a method may include determining that a nitrogen oxide (NOx) sensor is degraded when the outputs received from the sensor via a CAN bus during a self-diagnostic test are out of a threshold range. In addition, only the outputs from the sensor that are received during a self-diagnostic (SD) test performed after a first completed SD test after an ignition-off event, the outputs may be generated under conditions where a temperature at the sensor is lower than a threshold and an oxygen concentration within a threshold range to determine if the sensor is degraded.


PT. Pegadaian Syariah in increasing gold sales by communicating gold products to consumers, so that consumers after knowing the advantages of buying gold become a profitable purchase option. The problems in this research; how PT. Pegadaian Syariah communicates products, advantages and services in selling gold to consumers and potential consumers. The company's marketing communication process to consumers with the aim of increasing understanding, attracting buying interest and increasing sales of gold products can be achieved. Qualitative research methods - a case study used to research with descriptive design and data collection techniques with participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation study. Companies in increasing sales to consumers by communicating variations of precious metal gold products, prices, procedures for calculating precious metal gold investment through brochures, price tables, promotions through advertising, personal selling, face-to-face communication / direct selling, to consumers who make purchases, seminars and Pegadaian Digital Service (PDS) in the form of web and mobile-based applications. Consumer backgrounds determine how to make purchases and the reasons for consumer purchases vary, so that marketing communication methods are always adapted to the unique needs of consumers.


The need forfresh waterandcleanis always top priorityin human life. Not least for the people who live around the coast. Small Siak district community and Bukit Batu Bengkalis get clean water tasted salty. This research will be to process sea water into fresh water potable through steam generator. This process utilizes thermal energy to evaporate salt water. The water vaporis then cool edin to water drop let sand collected as are sult of fresh clean water. The clean water produced from the distillation process has a very good level of health when compared with water that comes from processing using chemicals. The quality of water produced by 22ppm (parts per million) using a TDS meter. Keywords: ppm, sea water, steam generators , tds


A revolutionary new construction technique for continuously extruding buildings-literally, spinning them out in one piece, on site, with minimum labor, in minimum time, and at costs never before possible-has been announced by the Midwest Applied Science Corp. of West Lafayette, Indiana. With the technique, a 1,000 sq. ft building can be erected in 6 hours by a crew of 2 at a cost of $3800, $3.80 a square foot. Applicable to structures of all types and sizesincluding warehouses, factories, farm shelters, low and high rise housing, overseas military housingthe technique was developed by Midwest Applied Science Corp. (MASC) a Purdue University spinoff, in association with Amicon Corp. of Lexington, Mass., a Massachusetts Institute of Tech-


Using a new electro-immunodiffusion assay, serum and salivary immunoglobulin levels were measured in patients with SjOgren's syndrome (SS) and in normal control subjects. Salivary IgG level


A 21-year-old woman presented with progressive spastic paraplegia, dysarthria, and strabismus since 7 years of age (video on the Neurology® Web site at Neurology.org). Brain MRI disclosed white matter changes and iron accumulation (figure). Whole exome sequencing detected in fatty acid 2-hydroxylase (FA2H) gene 2 variants never reported: c.169_170insGCGGGCCAGG (p.Asp57Glyfs*66), leading, if translated, to a truncated protein, and c.117C>A (p.Phe39Leu), predicted by computational algorithms to be deleterious.


ABSTRACT An aqueous leaf and root/tuber extracts of three important medicinal plant species (e.g., Bergenia ciliata, Hedychium spicatum and Potentilla fulgens) were tested for their allelopathic effects on germination, radicle and plumule elongation of Amaranthus caudatus, Eleusine coracana, Fagopyrum esculantum, Phaseolus mungoo, Phaseolus vulgaris and Triticum aestivum. The results revealed that: the allelopathic effects increased with increasing concentration of leachats from 2%, 5% to 10%. The susceptible crops were Amaranthus caudatus and Phaseolus mungoo whose germination, redicle and plumule growth were reduced significantly under aqueous extracts of all three medicinal species. The results suggested that all the three species can be grown satisfactorily under traditional agriculture systems of subtropical-sub temperate region if whole plants of these medicinal species are harvested from the agricultural fields and nothing is left in the fields for allelopathic influence. Domesticated cultivation of medicinal plants is clearly a sustainable alternative in order to preserve this wild wealth and increase the farm income of local farmers.


Performance management is the core content of the human resources management system.It is a system composed of pre-plan,management in procedure and evaluation finally.The paper describes the meaning of the performance management and analyzes the present state of the prison performance management.Then it proposed the thoughts of building the prison performance management and the way to build the software.To build it is of great significance to the prison's sustainability,and it also can enhance the overall quality of Prison Police.It lays a solid human resource foundation for the prison to execute sentences and rehabilitation of offenders.


Responding to the social and economic development, Japan has set up a nation wide "recyciling system", in addition to a series of rules and regulations to protect its ecosystem and recycle the waste. Through the rational treatment of the waste, Man is able to reuse the resource as well as minimize the amount of the waste and the consequent pollution to the environment, which guarantees a sustainable social and economic development.


The role of force measurements in vibration testing is discussed. The rational for a vibration test based on the extremal control of force and acceleration is developed. The differences between force measurements in vibration testing and modal testing is discussed. Several methods for estimating the input force in a vibration test are outlined.


Eleven existing, sediment‐transport formulas were tested against the field data measured at two United States Geological Survey (USGS) gauging stations along the Sacramento River in California, whose bed‐material sizes are classified as those ranging from fine sand to coarse gravel. They include the Ackers‐White Einstein‐Brown, Engelund‐Fredsoe, Engelund‐Hansen, Inglis‐Lacey, Karim, Meyer‐Peter and Mueller, Rijin, Schoklitsch, Toffaleti, and Yang formulas. General flow and sediment input variables required by each transport function, as well as dependent variables, are summarized and detailed, and measured hydraulic and sediment quantities including bed‐material size distributions are presented. The computed sediment discharges are tabulated for comparison, and are directly compared against the measured suspended‐sediment discharges. The computed values, however, are found to deviate significantly from the measured values except for a very few cases. The test results clearly demonstrate how difficult a ta...


Abstract. The present paper is concerned with the acoustical properties of the archeological site designated as the underground crypt of the Acheron Nekromanteion, located in the prefecture of Preveza in northwestern Greece. A series of measurements, during 1997-2008, of the reverberation time (Rt) results together with 3D computer models of the space were then used with acoustic simulation software so that the measurements could be evaluated and explained meaningfully. It is noted that the Rt measured was more than 85% lower than that expected of a simple model of the room and 75% lower than the result obtained with a very detailed model of the room. The background noise measured was also extremely low, which combined with the low Rt make a very interesting combination that is rarely if ever found in nature but which approximates the soundscape found in a modern anechoic chamber (with all its intense psycho-acoustic phenomena). Searching for the explanations for such a deviation from the computer model predictions it was found that a quite simple and mathematical in nature explanation of at least a part of the phenomenon exists based on a law of acoustics called "Sabin's Law", which means that the conscious design of the place so as to have these properties by its designers is plausible and even probable.


Since 1982, Helicobacter pylori (Hp) has been successfully isolated and cultured[1], and the fact many diseases such as gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric carcinoma and gastric lymphoma were related to Hp, and Hp as an etiological organism, has attracted much attention. In 1991 Yokata et al[2] first induced the Hp infection in Mongolian gerbils. From then on researches on Hp infection and its eradication exploded worldwide. Nakajima et al[3] reported that mast cells were increased in gastric mucosa and submucosa of patients with Hp infection and found degranulated mast cells in these tissues. Now it is known that high affinity IgE and Fc segment receptors exist on the mast cell surface. When IgE bound to these receptors, mast cells degranulated and then many kinds of bioactive mediators were secreted so that the inflammatory process could be effected. Therefore it is extremely important to understand the relationship between degranulation of mast cells in the mucosa infected with Hp and the inflammatory response, and to conjecture of the effect of mast cells on the pathogenesis of Hp infection. This study observed the inflammation of gastric mucosa and the morphology, density, distribution and degranulation of mast cells in the infected gerbils using the histochemical or immunohistochemical methods and electron microscopy to elucidate the effect of mast cells on the pathogenesis of Hp infection.


Temperate forest ecosystems and their N-cycle have been strongly influenced by increased atmospheric N-inputs in the last decades. Increased and prolonged atmospheric N-input can lead to saturation of N in naturally N-limited forest ecosystems. In the status of saturation the supply of nitrogen exceeds the capability of plants and soil-microorganisms to compensate or absorb for this macro nutrient, with the consequence of increased ecosystem N-losses in form of environmental important N-trace gases (N 2 O, NO) to the atmosphere and/or nitrate to the hydrosphere. The latter playing a key role in eutrophication of aquatic systems as well as a pollutant in the context of drinking water quality. This is especially true for Germany since the predominant part of drinking water is gained from groundwater under forests. In this thesis, the process oriented model PnET-N-DNDC was further developed and validated to allowing the prediction of nitrate-leaching from forest ecosystems in Germany. By improving the PnET-N-DNDC (Photosynthesis-Evapotranspiration-Nitrification-Denitrifcation-Decomposition-Modell) a new model version, the Forest-DNDC, was developed. Afterwards the model was evaluated on a large number of sites by simulating and testing the soil biogeochemical processes, the plant growth and the water balance including associated matter fluxes of nitrate out of the rooting zone. In a next step, the model was coupled with a GIS-database holding the relevant information for initialising and driving the model on a regional scale in order to calculate ecosystem N-losses (N-trace gases and N leaching) from forests in Germany. Finally, extensive sensitivity-analysis and scenarios (influence of climate change and N-deposition on nitrate-leaching) on plot and regional scale were accomplished. Model testing e.g. showed that the average measured soil water content on all sites and depths (max. 140 cm) matched the observations with a variance of 60%. The validation of seepage water (mm a -1 ) from 252 sites and years, produced a R 2 of 0.6. A comparison of simulated nitrate leaching (kg N ha -1 a -1 ) with the estimated (Chlorid-Mass-Balance) nitrate leaching on 48 Level-II-sites showed for 44 of 48 plots an R 2 of 0.51 and for 41 of 48 sites an R 2 of 0.71. In the frame of a regional sensitivity study using 1000 randomly selected plots could be shown that precipitation is the most sensitive parameter for predicting nitrate leaching, followed by N deposition and the pH-Value, the organic carbon content and the soil texture. Forest-DNDC underestimated the average measured daily N-trace gas emissions at the sites of the NOFRETETE-project by 39% for the N 2 O-emissions and by 26% for the NO-emissions. Applying the model GIS framework on forests ecosystems of entire Germany resulted in an average nitrate leaching of 4.5 kg N ha -1 a -1 . Simulation for N trace gases revealed average losses of 1.1 kg N 2 O-N ha -1 a -1 and 0.7 kg NO-N ha -1 a -1 . A comparison of the regional simulations of nitrate leaching for Bavarian forests (n = 5112) with the results of the "Nitrat-Inventur" (NI) (n = 373) showed a good agreement for the different categories of nitrate-leaching (0-5, 5-15, >15 kg N ha -1 a -1 . 66% of the plots which were examined in the NI had an amount of 0-5 kg N ha -1 a -1 of leached nitrate, whereas the Forest-DNDC simulated for 74% of the plots an amount of 0-5 kg N ha -1 a -1 . Both the NI and the model had 20% of the plots in the range of 5-15 kg N ha -1 a -1 . Nitrate leaching above 15 kg N ha -1 a -1 occurred on 14% of the NI plots and on 6% of the simulated plots. The impact of climate change on ecosystem N losses from German forests were based on a comparison of the actual climate (1991-1999) and the predicted climate conditions for the year 2031-2039. The results showed that nitrate leaching from forest ecosystems in Germany will decrease by approximately 23% whereas N 2 O-emissions from forest ecosystems will increase by 21% and the NO-emissions by approx. 13%.


On 28 May 2012 registration of business names became national rather then state based and is now handled by ASIC.


The Young Entrepreneur Development Programme was designed to help increase awareness of entrepreneurship, stimulate start-up of new technology-based firms among university students and graduates, and create new jobs. It has been run together with universities since 1998. During a 66-hour course, students are assisted with developing their business ideas and business plans. Country: Turkey [1] LinkToContentAt: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264080355-34-en Knowledge Type: Country report [2] Other Tag: technical university [3] development programmes [4] product market [5] financial support [6] business plans [7] incubators [8] public research and development lab [9] Parent URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264080355-en [10]


is applied (90) to multiple objects synchronously an initiating event, such as a double power failure. Is sent (92) then - for example by one of the objects that have undergone the initiating event, a message containing a group identifier. An object having subjected to the initiator event and receiving the message stores (94) the group identifier, and then considers it is part of the group defined by this identifier. The initiating event of the time of application can be used in each time reference object to secure the definition of groupe.La group definition applies in particular to pairing of different objects.


We examined shrimp and bycatch species composition in the shrimp beam trawl fishery off Wan-do, Korea(in the major or fishing ground)from December 2004 to November 2005. We observed a total of 103, 072 individuals in 96 taxa. By densities of individuals, 96.97% were shrimps, 1.20% decapods, 1.10% fish, 0.30% cephalopods and 0.43% other species. By catch weight, 57.29% were shrimps, 26.33% fish, 6.82% decapods, 4.64% cephalopods and 4.92% other species. In spring, the dominant bycatch species by biomass were Okamejei kenojei, Lophiomus setigerus, and Charybdis bimaculata. In summer, the dominant species were Charybdis bimaculata, Muraenesox cinereus, and Paralichlhys olivaceus. In autumn, dominants were Okamejei kenojei, Conger myriasler, and Sefipinna tenuifilis, and in winter they were Okamjei kenojei, Chaeturichthys stigmatias, and Sillago japonica. Bycatch species composition and individual species abundances differed significantly among seasons, probably indicating that variations were related to the life history characteristics of bycatch species. The diversity index was highest in October (2.797) and lowest in July (1.012). The July dominance index (0.569) was much higher than in other months; evenness was highest in September (0.856) and lowest in July (0.374). During the study period, the bycatch-to-shrimp ratio of this fishery varied from 0.063 in February 2005 to 11.031 in May 2005, with a mean of 3.363 These temporal variations may be linked 10 variations in reproductive behaviors and migration patterns of the marine animals sampled.


With the development of rail transit, interchange efficiency is more and more important. This paper conducted model based research on interchange evaluation based on Yishan Road station in Shanghai, China. Interchange evaluation model was established by combing Fuzzy Method and Analytic Hierarchy Process. Calculation result showed that established model can be used to evaluate the interchange performance of Yishan Road station. The implementation of this model is demonstrated its usage on interchange efficiency evaluation. Further study should be conducted to optimize the interchange arrangement in Yishan Road, to improve interchange efficiency.


This study examined the management of family financial resources in a period of economic challenges. The study is a descriptive survey, the comprised of 300 men and 291 women from Ado local government Education zone. The instrument for data collection was 21 questionnaires. The statistical tools were mean, standard deviation and t-test. The findings of the study revealed that adequate financial budget, prudent financial planning and proficiency in financial management are some of the approaches for managing family financial resources. The finding also showed that low standard of living, high rate of poverty and unemployment are the major factors of economic challenge in some families. It is suggested that government and financial institutions should provide Nigerian families with micro-finance facilities for small scale business. Corruption should be addressed by different levels of government to allow the use of available funds in Nigeria. Keywords: family, financial management and economic challenge.


Asian American literature is arguably the most dynamic and prolific of all the voices that currently comprise the 'multiethnic' American...


In this paper we propose a new bottom-up query evaluation method for stratified deductive databases based on the Magic Set approach. As the Magic Sets rewriting may lead to unstratifiable rules, we propose to use Kerisit's weak consequence operator to compute the well-founded model of magic rules (guaranteed to be two-valued). We show that its application in combination with the concept weak stratification, however, may lead to a set of answers which is neither sound nor complete with respect to the well-founded model. This problem is cured by introducing the new concept soft stratification instead.


This essay examines the connection between Thomas Gray's later poems and Celtic oral culture. Scholars believe Gray to be nostalgic for medieval modes of literary authority and have tended to see the latter half of his career as a retreat from the literary marketplace. I suggest instead that in "The Bard" (1757) and in imitations of Celtic oral poetry from the 1760s Gray invents and refines a poetics of printed voice that simulates the sense of immediacy that he perceives to exist between bards and their audience. Rather than disengaging from the literate in favor of the oral, these poems simulate bardic voice in print and thus make a concerted attempt to counter the sense of alienation and misunderstanding that for Gray characterizes the relationship between modern authors and readers in print culture.


Abstract . This research aim to descri ptionabout how using wayangmatika media to improve students comprehension of multiplication and division of integers. W ayangmatika media used to concretize dthe integer operation concept , in particular multiplication and division of integers. The method is using classroom action research with 35 students of 5 th SDN Kebonsari 1 Malang. The products of this research is the design of learning by usingwayangmatika media . The results showed the use of wayangmatika media can enhance the comprehention concept of multiplication and division of integers with a percentage of success that has been established researchers reached the second cycle is the average percentage score of final test results increased from 72 % to 88 % , this shows that the comprehention concept of student better. Keywords : wayangmatika media , comprehention concept, integers .


Abstract The potential applications of β-mannanase in bioenergy, biorefinery, detergent, fodder, food processing, oil and gas, pharmaceutical, pulp and paper and textile industries, and the high cost of commercially available enzyme have attracted considerable research efforts to identify potent microbial strains for cost-effective production of this enzyme. The advantage of microbial biocatalyst is that the crude enzyme can be used directly in bioprocessing instead of the purified enzyme. In this study, β-mannanase was extracted from a novel Streptomyces sp. Alg-S25 (GenBank accession no. MK494177) and immobilized onto chitosan nanoparticles using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker. The covalent binding of β-mannanase onto chitosan nanoparticles was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The functionalized chitosan nanoparticles retained 83.6% ± 3.46% of β-mannanase activity. Free and immobilized β-mannanase of this novel Streptomyces sp. Alg-S25 displayed maximal activities at pH 7.5 and at temperature 50 °C and 55 °C, respectively. Immobilized β-mannanase exhibited higher values of activation energy (47.4 kJ/mol), enthalpy (44.9 kJ/mol) and entropy (–73.5 J/mol/K) of catalysis compared to the free enzyme. The substrate-specific kinetic analysis suggested that the immobilized β-mannanase had a strong affinity toward locust bean galactomannan by showing a low K m (4.94 mg/mL) and a high V max (93.5 U/mg-protein) values. Furthermore, the immobilized β-mannanase was not affected by 2% NaCl and retained 81.2% of the maximal activity after 10 cycles of successive reuse. These results indicate the potential of chitosan nanoparticle-immobilized β-mannanase for sustainable and cost-effective bioprocessing of mannan-containing agricultural, forest, seaweed and industrial wastes.


ABSTR•CT.--The Powerful Owl (Ninox strenua) is Australia's largest owl and is considered of least concern nationally. Although a number of studies have reported on the ecology of Powerful Owls inhabiting forests, few have focused on these owls living in urban areas. We report on the characteristics of different roost trees used by Powerful Owls in a continuum of habitats from urban Melbourne to the more forested outskirts. Records of weather conditions and daily temperatures were also analyzed to determine whether the owls were selecting particular roost trees for specific climatic conditions. We found that roost-tree height and perch height was highly correlated, with the owls always roosting in the top one-third of the tree, regardless of the tree height. As ambient temperature increased perch height decreased, and vice-versa, but owls always roosted in the top one-third of the roost tree. Powerful Owls did not simply move up and down the one tree, but moved to more suitable trees according to the weather conditions. Hence, the species requires a structurally heterogeneous habitat to provide roost trees for different temperatures. Furthermore, successful management of this species in the future will require the protection of structurally diverse vegetation.


Children have been shown to respond differently to the hurt that they suffer at the hands of others. Some of these responses involve internalised behaviours (i.e., repression of feelings, bodily symptoms, etc.); whilst others hurt manifest as externalised behaviours, such as physical attacks on others. These may include sexualised behaviours. The latter is particularly common amongst (but not restricted to) children who have been sexually abused (The American Psychological Association, 2001). For the purposes of this study a distinction is made between developmentally appropriate sexual behaviour and non normative sexualised behaviour which evoke complaints from and discomfort in those involved in the behaviour. The manifestation of these sexualised behaviours is especially pronounced amongst children in institutional care; and hence, it calls for constructive and effective management by the child care workers who are primarily responsible for their safe care and behaviour modification whilst in the institution. This qualitative study – with an exploratory, descriptive and contextual research design – served to explore how the child care workers' effective management of such behaviours could be enhanced, so that the emotional wellbeing of both the "offender" and the "perpetrator" of this behaviour can be promoted. A non-probability purposive sampling technique was employed to recruit research participants from three different child and youth care centres in Port Elizabeth. A total number of 10 research participants were involved and data was collected up to the point of data saturation. Thematic content analysis was utilised for the analysis of the data and the necessary strategies were employed to enhance the trustworthiness of the data and to meet all the ethical requirements of the study. The main findings alert to the key requirements of Child and Youth Care Workers; it confirms the occurrence of sexualised behaviours; the urgent need for a consistent approach to the management of such behaviours; and for enhanced team work between the helping professionals in the team. The value of the study is embedded in the contributions it can make to practical interventions for children in institutional care, and to the sparse body of knowledge in this area.


INTRODUCTION: It is well accepted that females sustain a higher incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injuries than males. Fatigue has been shown to alter landing kinetics in males by impairing neuromuscular function (Komi, 2005). The research to date neglected to examine the role of fatigue on jumping mechanics in females. Therefore, the purposes of this study are: to examine fatigue induced changes in jump kinetics and kinematics, and to identify gender differences. METHODS: Thirty subjects (15 females, 15 males) volunteered to participate in this study. Subjects signed an informed consent waiver in accordance with the rules of the University Human Subjects Board. Subjects were instructed to perform a maximum counter movement jump every 15 seconds for 25 minutes (100 jumps). Data were collected for every even numbered jump. Kinematic data was collected using 2 digital cameras set up to capture sagittal and frontal plane movement. The analyzed parameters were: knee angle at landing (sagittal plane and frontal plane), minimum knee angle (sagittal and frontal plane), horizontal distance between the knees at landing and the minimum distance after landing, and flight time. Force time data were collected for the same jumps using a Bertec force plate. The parameters that were analyzed using the force time curve were: jump height, peak impact force at landing, and the slope of the force curve from landing until the peak impact force. The jumps that were analyzed were jumps 6, 8, 10 and 12, considered non fatigued, and 88, 90, 92, 94 (considered fatigued). RESULTS: Cronbachs alpha scores for the nonfatigued (fatigued) jumps were: jump height 0.994(0.987), impact force 0.985(0.961), slope 0.958(0.722). Jump height decreased insignificantly and impact force and slope increased insignificantly for both males and females. With regard to the kinematic parameters the only significant difference was the dominant leg of the female jumpers showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in abduction at the knee. DISCUSSION: Because an increase in abduction at the knee has been associated with injury. These results seem to support the hypothesis that fatigue can contribute to non contact landing injuries. REFERENCES: Komi, P. (2000) Stretch-shortening cycle: a powerful model to study normal and fatigued muscles. Journal of. Biomechanics 33; 1197-1206.


This paper contributes an overview and our considerations on the recent standard and technical developments of 100G and beyond 100G client as well as line side optical transceiver modules for long-distance DWDM transport applications.


Salidroside and its aglycone tyrosol are natural anti-oxidants from the plants of Ligustrum Linn., Rhododendron L., Vaccinium L., Rhodiola L., and so on. Salidroside could both produce anti-inflammation and prevent carcinogenesis through increasing the anti-oxidative potency of cells, scavenging the reactive oxygen species, modulating the expression of inflammatory cytokine, inhibiting the inflammatory mediators synthesis, and preventing the canceration. Salidroside up-regulates the expression of various cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, down-regulates the expression of cycin-dependent kinase Cdc-2 and cyclin B1 for the cell cycle G2-phase retention, and results in the inhibition on the growth of cancer cells. Salidroside promotes nonspecific, humoral, and cellular immunocompetence, and antagonizes to the immunosuppressants in depressing the hematopoietic function of the bone marrow. The contents of salidroside and tyrosol are considerably high in Ligustri Lucidi Fructus, and so it is significant to strengthen the studies of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus in chemistry, pharmacology, and pharmacodynamics.


The present invention provides a cucurbituril derivative and a copolymer polymerized by ultra-thin film formed of a polymer and a method of manufacturing the same. A polymer ultra thin film according to the present invention is less than 10 nm in thickness, and then came up peeling from the substrate surface, it is possible to maintain a film form.


Objective:To study the role of VEGF,ICAM-1 and ADA in the pathogenesis of benign and malignant pleural effusions. Methods:Eighty-one patients with pleural effusion were categorized into 4 groups:27 cases of lung cancer with malignant pleural effusion,16 cases of lung cancer with pleural effusion of negative cytological findings,26 cases of tuberculosis and 12 cases of other diseases (including 8 cases with hypoproteinemia and 4 cases with congestive heart failure with pleural effiesou).The levels of soluble VEGF sVEGF,sICAM-1 and ADA pleural fluid were mearured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA).Results:The values of sVEGF in the 4 groups were (1017±730),(610±520),(458±531),(116±78)pg/mL,respectively,with significant differences amony the 4 groups (P0.05).The values of sICAM-1 were (1510±597),(951±390),(1037±371),(88±43)ng/mL,respectively,the values of ADA were (149± 102),(126±78),(179±132),(39±12)ng/mL,respectively.sICAM-1 and ADA were found to be significantly higher in the patients with lung cancer and tuberculosis (P0.01).sVEGF and sICAM-1 were correlated closely with LDH level (r=0.58,0.38;P0.05) and ADA correlated closely with ADA (r=0.38,P0.05).Conclusion:VEGF is closely related to malignant pleural effusion,while ICAM-1 and ADA may also play a role in the pathogenesis of malignant pleural effusion. Moreover,ADA may be responsible for the tissue reconstruction during the fibrotic process of tuberculosis pleuritis.


Transmission Ball screw with a housing (3), in which is disposed a spindle nut (9) on a spindle ball screw (7), with an overload coupling (10), to achieve a force activation acting on the threaded spindle bearing (7) is activated with a preloading device (13) which can be adjusted with at least one adjusting element (5) to a preloading force and acts on the overload coupling (10), and at least one movable pressure element (11) on which can act the preloading device (13), to transmit the preloading force to the overload clutch (10), characterized in that the housing (3) is formed integrally and in that each pressure element (11) is arranged slidably on a housing surface (3a, 3b) and on a peripheral surface (9a) of the spindle nut (9).


Public Goods aim to improve individual welfare. We investigate the causal consequences of roads on well-being in 24 African countries, instrumenting paved roads by 19th Century hypothetical lines between major ports and cities. We have data on over 32 000 individuals, and consider both their objective and subjective well-being. Roads reduce material deprivation, in terms of access to basic needs, but at the same time there is no relation between roads and subjective living conditions. The benefit of roads in providing basic needs then seems to be offset by worse outcomes in non basicneeds domains.


The Belief-Desire-Intention (BDI) model is amongst the most popular approaches to design agents with flexible behaviors. It is based essentially on the processing of beliefs and goals. On the other hand, it is well accepted that the motive is another relevant concept for the agent's reasoning and its flexibility. As the BDI model does not include this important concept, several BDI agent' s extensions, with a new and a special component expressing the motive, were proposed in the literature. In this paper, we show that it is not necessary to add this new component to express a motive, as a motive can be expressed by a particular type of goal. This allows including and taking advantage from the reasoning about motives without additional components.


The aim of the contribution is to highlight university inclusion paths that offer educational opportunities and university life.Specifically, the next article outlines a training path for a group of students with and without dyslexia, dealing with learning the Chinese language.The project made it possible to experiment innovative paths of Chinese language teaching and to detect the major errors of Italian students with dyslexia and those without dyslexia in learning the Chinese language.


Objective: To compare the effects of various interleukin-1 beta inhibiting drugs on the risk of hypertension in users. Design and method: Various meta-analyses and systematic reviews of randomised-control trials (RCTs) were identified using relevant electronic databases, including MEDLINE Ovid, EMBASE Ovid, and CENTRAL. These were then examined to assess current approaches towards analysis of the effects of interleukin-1 beta inhibitors in adult patients in terms of hypertension. Results: A total of 3,522 patients were enrolled in the qualitative and quantitative studies synthesised for the final review. Seven studies included in the meta-analysis compared anti-IL1B to a placebo, with a total of 2,506 and 1,016 patients included in the anti-IL 1B and the placebo arms, respectively, with event rates of 1.1% and 1.8%. The risk of hypertension was thus not significantly different between groups (RR = 0.82, 95% 0.45; 1.5, P = 0.52) and no heterogeneity was observed between studies (I2 = 0%, P = 0.92). The effect size was not statistically significant in any of the included studies. The Howard study contributed to one-third of the meta-analysis weight, while those by Ridher and Choudhury contributed 21.5% and 18.6%, respectively. Conclusions: The final results of this meta-analysis based on the hypothesis that interleukin-1 beta inhibitors, namely Canakinumab and Anakinra, do not cause any changes in levels of blood pressure and thus pose no additional risk associated with the hypertension demonstrated that while some previous studies indicated a non-statistically significant increase in risk with Canakinumab, re-investigation is required to fully understand the occurrence of hypertension during the use of inhibitors of interleukin-1 beta at standard doses.


Objective: Prostate cancer is detected in pathology specimens in 3% - 16% of patients undergoing Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) surgery. There is no consensus about the optimal treatment plan for these patients. In this study, T1a,b and T1c patients were compared oncologically and in terms of operative morbidity. Materials and Methods: This study included 54 patients (Group 1) undergoing RP based on the detection of incidental prostate cancer and 54 patients (Group 2) undergoing RP based on the diagnosis of carcinoma by biopsy in three different centers. The parameters that may affect the recurrence were investigated and compared between the two groups. Additionally, patient complaints after RP such as stress urinary incontinence, lower urinary tract symptoms and erectile dysfunction were evaluated according to questionnaires and were compared between the groups and within the group in which incidental carcinoma was identified. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 15. Results: The mean age of the patients was 63.8 years (range 51 - 78 years) with a mean follow up of 60.4 months (range 12 - 82 months). There were statistical differences in age (p = 0.036), pre-RP PSA (p < 0.001) and pre-RP prostate volume (p < 0.001) between Group 1 and Group 2. Despite the absence of a statistically significant difference in PSM between the two groups (p = 0.09), ECE was more common in Group 2 patients (p = 0.014). None of the patients with T1a disease had biochemical recurrence which was observed in 9 patients (27.3%) with stage T1b disease (p = 0.007). There were significant differences in Gleason scores in BPH specimens and RP specimens, PSM, ECE and T stages between the two subgroups. The assessment of the morbidities that are likely to affect the quality of life by questionnaires revealed that there were no significant differences between Group 1 and Group 2 however significant differences were noted in the erection quality between the subgroups (p = 0.006). Conclusion: The course of the disease is determined by the stage of the disease (pT1a, pT1b) that indicates tumor burden in these patients. With regard to postoperative complications, the problems affecting the quality of life were not poorer in patients with T1a and T1b disease than that in patients with T1c disease, which is encouraging for radical surgery.