The Wonogiri Regency served as the setting for this study. This study was done to find out how forest farmers' incomes differed before and after forestry cutting delay revolving funds were distributed. Purposive sampling was used to collect data from 46 PTT HR debtor questionnaires in Wonogiri Regency, Central Java Province, by conducting interviews with 91 PTT HR debtor respondents and completing the questionnaire's materials and information. The t-test was used for data analysis. According to the findings of the study, farmers' incomes. A value of 0.002 or 0.05 indicates this. These findings demonstrate that there is a significant difference in farmers' incomes before and following the disbursement of funds. This difference amounts to IDR 19,500,435, or an average increase of 81.32 percent between 2018 and 2020, with an average loan repayment success rate of 14.28 percent per year for an eight-year loan term. To increase the debtor's business income and ensure that they receive more effective benefits from both bureaucratic services and cooperation services with partners related to the debtor's business sector, service standards are required for both supervision and technical guidance. By continuing to utilize their business sector to increase productivity, Community Forest Farmer Debtors are anticipated to be able to maximize the utilization of revolving funds obtained through HR's revolving loan (PTT).


Disclosed is an object to provide a method for producing a long-term after storage also stable pesticidal composition. The present invention includes the steps of pulverizing a pesticidal active ingredient, at least water, polyhydric alcohols, inorganic salts and preparing a surfactant were mixed solution, agricultural chemical active ingredient which is the ground to the solution, preparing a mixture by adding a suspension stabilizer and step, heating the mixture under stirring to 40 to 70 ° C., the step of cooling to the heated mixture to 10 to 25 ° C., and the cooled mixture the provides a method for manufacturing a pesticidal composition which includes a step of wet grinding at 30 ° C. or less. Alternatively, the method, the pulverizing step, the step of preparing the mixed solution, the step of adjusting said mixture, the step of wet-grinding the mixture, heating the mixture obtained by the wet grinding under stirring 40 to 70 ° C. and a step, of cooling the heated mixture. .BACKGROUND


A method of pickled mustard greens, pickled products relates to the technical field, select vegetables fresh body, no pests of Brassica juncea, remove dead Ye Houqing clean; to wash dishes after marinated, pickled least one month; pickled ready-made dishes fish out to dry, dry day can be in better weather the sun; after drying dish into the cooking pot for the first time to cook, turning once and cook for 1-2 hours, then cook until the water boils, ie the heat source may be closed, after 12 hours incubation remove; fish dishes resting on the pole then drying, drying in the sun good weather 1-7 days; good food into the cooking pot and drying the second boiling, turning once boiled 1-2 hours, then turn off the heat source to boil the water boils, remove after 12 hours incubation; fish food on a bamboo pole further drying, to a moisture content of less than 4% can be eaten. The present invention uses multiple cooking, drying, good taste, and easy storage, do not contain chemical additives, preparation method is simple, easy to operate.


Deformed oil and gas pipelines will increase oil resistance,lower strength pipes to form a security risk.Thus,on a regular basis for oil and gas pipeline deformation inspection is necessary.The paper used low frequency eddy current method to study the pipeline deformation inspection,designed deflection detector probe layout program,and analyzed each eddy current displacement sensor in this program to detect a resolution of circumference 45°.To improve detection radial resolution of eddy current displacement sensor,it proposed digital AC bridge based on LMS algorithm applied to the sensor bridge measurement circuit.Experimental results show that digital AC bridge based on LMS algorithm greatly enhanced the resolution of eddy current displacement sensor,and was able to identify tiny 1mm deformation to meet the design requirements.


The landscape of southwestern North Dakota is a collection of rugged, spectacular landforms bordering the Little Missouri River. This region, called the badlands, encompasses abrupt changes in substrate, slope, soils and salinity. The result is a fragmented collection of habitats supporting a patchwork of plant communities. Many western North Dakota species have broad ecological amplitudes and grow in more than one plant community. Only a few species are limited to narrowly defined habitats. However, habitat diversity translates into floristic diversity as demonstrated by floristic studies, which have documented the presence in the badlands of a least half of the 1300 species present in the flora of North Dakota. The Little Missouri Badlands of western North Dakota is a collection of rugged and spectacular landforms bordering the Little Missouri River. These badlands extend from the South Dakota border to the point where the Little Missouri joins the channel of the 'Big' Missouri at Lake Sakakawea. They vary from 10 to 25 miles in width. Locally the badlands are often referred to as "The Hills" but rather than looking up at them when you approach, you look down into them. The change from the gently rolling plain immediately behind you is dramatic. The difference in topography is the result of erosion. Running water from rain and melting snow, frost, wind and other erosion processes sculpted the land into a collage of beautiful and fantastically shaped forms. The exposed rock layers in most of the Little Missouri Badlands are between 55 and 65 million years old. They were deposited during the Paleocene Epoch. At that time the newly-formed Rocky Mountains were very high and being eroded rapidly. Swift streams transported large amounts of eroded material. Coarse materials were deposited near the 1 Workshop Coordinator: Roger J. Andrascik, Resource Management Specialist, Theodore Roosevelt National Park, Medora, ND. Compiler: Nancy S. Ohlsen, Natural Resource Specialist, Theodore Roosevelt National Park, Medora, ND. Editor: Claude H. Schmidt, Agric. Exp. Stn., NSDU Extension Svc., NDSU, Fargo, ND.


The presented research concerns the triple activity of trans-cinnamic (tCA), ferulic (FA) and syringic acids (SA). They act as thyroid peroxidase (TPO) activators, lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitors and show antiradical activity. All compounds showed a dose-dependent TPO activatory effect, thus the AC50 value (the concentration resulting in 50% activation) was determined. The tested compounds can be ranked as follows: tCA > FA > SA with AC50 = 0.10, 0.39, 0.69 mM, respectively. Strong synergism was found between FA and SA. The activatory effects of all tested compounds may result from interaction with the TPO allosteric site. It was proposed that conformational change resulting from activator binding to TPO allosteric pocket results from the flexibility of a nearby loop formed by residues Val352-Tyr363. All compounds act as uncompetitive LOX inhibitors. The most effective were tCA and SA, whereas the weakest was FA (IC50 = 0.009 mM and IC50 0.027 mM, respectively). In all cases, an interaction between the inhibitors carboxylic groups and side-chain atoms of Arg102 and Arg139 in an allosteric pocket of LOX was suggested. FA/tCA and FA/SA acted synergistically, whereas tCA/SA demonstrated antagonism. The highest antiradical activity was found in the case of SA (IC50 = 0.22 mM). FA/tCA and tCA/SA acted synergistically, whereas antagonism was found for the SA/FA mixture.


This study attempts to examine the colligational use of the high-frequency verbs DO, HAVE and BE in Chinese EFL learners'written production in the CIA (Contrastive Interlanguage Analysis) approach. Findings of the study indicate that: Chinese learners use a much smaller variety of colligational patterns, they tend to underuse the inflected forms of these verbs in their colligations and they tend to use pronouns as the subject of these verbs. Though at advanced level, they still have difficulty with grammar in terms of tense, aspect and voice. The influence of L1 transfer, the learners'spoken style in writing, the classroom teaching and the learners'use of the avoidance strategy are thought to be the major reasons. The findings in this study may have some light to shed on the EFL teaching and research in China.


Objective To synthesis acephate molecularly imprinted polymer microspheres by multi-step sw elling method,and then to encode w ith quantum dot( QD) and research their properties of adsorption. Methods M olecularly imprinted polymer microspheres( M IPs) w ere prepared by multi-step sw elling method and encoded w ith quantum dots by solvent evaporation method. The morphological characterization of the M IPs w ere characterized by scanning electron microscopy( SEM) and fluorescence microscopy. Adsorption and selectivity of M IPs w ere evaluated by static adsorption experiments. Results Equilibrium adsorption time of quantum dots coding-acephate M IPs w as 2 h. The adsorption percentage of them w ere up to 92. 4% w ith a adsorption capacity( mmax) of 92. 5 mmol·kg- 1. QD-M IPs had a much higher selectivity to acephate than other organophosphorus pesticides. Conclusions QD-M IPs are proved to have high adsorption and selectivity,w hich could provide references for the fast real-time detection of pesticide residues.


This report consists of four appendices for the final report. They are: Appendix A: 700 C Vapor-Fed AMTEC Cell Calculations; Appendix B: 700 C Vapor-Fed AMTEC Cell Parts Drawings; Appendix C: 800 C Vapor-Fed AMTEC Cell Calculations; and Appendix D: 800 C Wick-Pumped AMTEC Cell System Design.


In the NU 205 course students are required to do a research paper on HIPAA - the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. The goal of this help guide is to provide suggestions and links to resources that will help you locate the information y Searching the literature for articles related to HIPAA can be challenging. Be creative in recognizing subject terms related to the topic!


In the present era of information explosion and media influence, advertisements play a major role in changing perception or thinking of consumer. Across the world, celebrities have been used for a wide variety of brands. Celebrity endorser is extensive; nevertheless there is limited study on Consumer perception of celebrity versus non celebrity advertisement on television commercials for the products come under FMCG. The aim of the study is to assess consumer's perception regarding to use celebrity and non celebrity endorsement in advertisements. The findings show there is a significant difference for all FMCG categories between advertisements for celebrity and non celebrity.


The view that it is symmetries, not particles, that are fundamental to nature is frequently expressed by physicists. But comparatively little has been written either on what this claim means or whether it should be regarded as true. After placing the claim into a general fundamentality framework, I consider whether the priority of symmetries over particles can be defended. The conclusions drawn are largely negative.


Attractiveness of the newly explored Cu-Au porphyry Borov Dol ore deposit gave us an initiative to
calculate several important techno-economical parameters, which can define the economic type of this
mineralization. Namely, the degree of ore bearing in these types of ore mineralization is variable, but
calculation at particular levels and different drill holes gave the more realistic ratio of mixed types of
mineralizations within this ore body. Calculated ore-bearing coefficient was 0.78%, meaning that within the
ore body boundaries only 22% of mass is not mineralized somehow, which is highly compatible with
neighboring Buchim porphyry deposit and its four ore bodies. The calculated value of variation coefficient
(V) has shown value of 52% that is in the range of 43-100%, which displays that this ore body belongs to the
third group of deposits with uneven mineralization. An average copper, gold and silver concentrations were
determined as 0.247% Cu, 0.19g/t Au and 1.34 g/t Ag, respectively. Minimal economic content (MEC)
within the Borov Dol ore deposit, as represent of this kind of mineralizations, was determined as 0.204% Cu.
In similar manner was calculated the lowest copper boundary, which have shown value of 0.159% Cu and
thus allowing certain decrease of contents in the eventual process of exploitation of ore. Also, there were
calculated so called copper monometal values, which included influence of the present gold and silver in the
ore. Calculated copper monometal was set at relatively fair 0.272% Cu that repre-sents solid mainstay for
exploitation of copper in these low percentage ores. Calculated ore reserves in this particular ore body were
60 Mt of ore with 0.247% Cu, 0.19 g/t Au and 1.34 g/t Ag and projected life of eventual open pit mine of
promising 12 years.


The large amount of calculation always severely restricts the application domain expansion of particle filter, a novel multi-sensor multiple model particle filtering algorithm based on particle weight optimization is proposed. In the multiple model particle filter framework, the optimization method of particle weight is realized by the extraction and utilization of redundancy and complementary information from latest multi-sensor observations. Due to weaken the adverse influence of random observations noise, the stability and reliability is effective improved. The theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the new algorithm can improve the filter precision but also lessens computational burden in nonlinear system estimation with multi-sensor multiple model characteristic.


This paper explores the potential vulnerability of solar energy systems to future extreme event risks as a consequence of climate change. We describe the three main technologies likely to be used to harness sunlight -- thermal heating, photovoltaic (PV), and concentrating solar power (CSP) -- and identify critical extreme event vulnerabilities for each one. We then compare these vulnerabilities with assessments of future changes in extreme event risk levels. We do not identify any vulnerabilities severe enough to halt development of any technology, although we do find a potential value in exploring options for making PV cells more heat resilient, and for improving the design of cooling systems for CSP.


Development of research on chlorine nutrition of plants is reviewed. Imbalances of supply and recovery of chlorine are discussed. Results elucidate losses to be related to moisture percentages of tissues in preparation for analysis and to ashing techniques. Accretions are related to various advertent contaminations and inadvertent accessions through aerosols in the atmosphere during growth.


The invention discloses a high-hexene grafted high-density polyethylene geomembrane blow-molding material, of which the weight-average molecular weight is 200000-300000, the melt flow rate is 10.0-13.0g/10min, the density is 0.937-0.937 kg/m , the 1-hexene content is greater than or equal to 1.20%, and the crystallinity is 46.5-49.5%. The blow-molding material mainly comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 99.5-99.9 parts of an ethylene/hexene copolymerized polyethylene resin, and 0.20-0.50 part of a composite antioxidant. The geomembrane blow-molding material is relatively high in hexene content and molecular weight, broad in molecule weight distribution, more in long-branch chain, and good in rigid-tough balance, environmental stress cracking resistance, creep resistance, oxidation resistance and chemical corrosion resistance, and therefore, the geomembrane blow-molding material is applicable to the machine shaping of various geomembranes, especially rough surface membranes.


Single component waterborne polyurethane adhesives were synthesized and the effect of the reaction conditions on the performance of the adhesives was also investigated.The results indicated that crosslinking agents A and B can react with waterborne polyurethane,therefore strengthening T-style peel strength of the polyurethane adhesives,which was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic(FTIR) analysis.The polyurethane prepared by the mixture of polyesterdiol and polyetherdiol showed enhanced comprehensive performance.When the mole ratio of isocyanato NCO to hydroxyl OH was controlled at 1.3, and the content of carboxyl COOH 1.2(wt %),the polyurethane emulsion with good appearance and excellent performance was obtained.The addition of appropriate amount of either bisphenol A or butanediol to the reaction system can increase T-style peel strength and hardness,and decrease water absorption of the polyurethane adhesives.


Because the partition coefficient is one of the most important parameters affecting microsegregation, the aim of this research is to experimentally analyse the partition coefficient in Al-Mg alloys ...


Summary form only given. DNA is one of the most promising molecules which may act as the scaffold for molecular nanotechnology and nanoelectronics. DNA has the special double helix structure with /spl pi/-electron cores of well-stacking bases for the use of long-distance (e.g. 200 /spl Aring/) and one-dimensional charge transport. The investigations of DNA in terms of the nanostructure, electrical conductivity and electronic states have significant implications for the application of DNA in electronic devices and in DNA-based electrochemical biosensors.


Octahedral (O), tetrahedral (T), and square pyramidal (SP) co-ordination polyhedra of the transition metal ions are shown to coexist in oxides of the type Ca2Fe2–xMnxO5; these oxides transform on heating to the brownmillerite structure with only O and T co-ordination polyhedra.


In this paper we establish some companions of perturbed Ostrowski type integral inequalities for functions whose second derivatives are bounded. Some applications to composite quadrature rules, and to probability density functions are also given.


The information in data depends on the subjective value system that the receiver of the data uses to interpret them. This paper looks at the information in a theory of first order logic (a knowledge base) from the perspective of a decision maker for whom the validation of formulae (facts and rules) have varying importance. The decision maker's preferences and prior knowledge are both incorporated into the information measure. The value of information is determined by what it conveys about the formulae of importance to the decision maker. The information measure is applied as a heuristic in commonsense reasoning; in relevance assessment ; and as a preference function in belief revision.


: This study aims to explain the transformation of the education system in the Tegalrejo Islamic College Dormitory, Magelang, Central Java. Change of education in Islamic college dormitories requires various kinds of knowledge and skills that support the observation, recording, management, and description of the facts on the phenomena that occur in the field have scientific power. For this reason, this study uses two approaches, namely socio-anthropological and phenomenological. Observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies, data collection techniques were carried out. The collected data is then organized, interpreted, and critically analyzed through case analysis and cross-case analysis. Thus to compile the concept and abstraction of research findings. The results showed that there had been a transformation of the education system at the Tegalrejo Islamic College Dormitory in Magelang as evidenced by changes in the institutional management side; pesantren curriculum; educational methods; educational goals.


AIM
This study aim was to investigate the changes of lipid profile, thyroid function and Magnesium (Mg) level in type I diabetic children.

METHODS
This descriptive cross-sectional stu-dy was done on fifty type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients and fifty age-matched healthy children from Rafsanjan city, Iran. After completing questionnaire for demographic information, blood glucose, lipid profile, Mg, thyroid hormones, height, weight and waist circumference were measured.

RESULTS
No significant differences between the groups in body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, lipid profile, and T4 level were found. The mean T3 and serum TSH levels in cases were significantly different from the control group (P=0.046 and P=0.039, respectively). The most of patients in both groups had serum Mg level more than 2 mg/dl with no significant difference.

CONCLUSION
According to the results, there was a significant association between type I diabetes and serum TSH and T3 levels. Considering this finding, assessment of thyroid hormones in diabetic children is recommended.


Abstract Background: In China, two common methods are used to detect serum glucose, glucose oxidase (GOD) and hexokinase (HK) methods. We evaluated five commercially available glucose reagent kits with the Center of Disease Control (CDC) HK reference method. Methods: Five routine methods were compared with the HK reference method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guideline (EP9-A2). These five routine methods were performed on an "open channel" Olympus 5400 analyzer. Results: All five evaluated methods were closely correlated to the reference method (r>0.9998). Compared to the HK reference method, the Olympus-HK method and Roche-GOD method showed a very small positive bias (mean±SD: 0.08±0.09 mmol/L and 0.03±0.08 mmol/L); while the Biosino-HK method, Osborne-GOD method and Baiding-GOD method showed a very small negative bias (mean±SD: –0.07±0.06 mmol/L, –0.09±0.07 mmol/L and –0.01±0.04 mmol/L). Conclusions: All five reagents we evaluated using matching calibrators showed good correlation to the reference method and small bias. These five glucose reagents are acceptable for use in clinical laboratories. Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:361–4.


Magnetic fields of about 1012 G have now been measured in several astrophysical objects (Trümper etal. 1978, Wheaton et al. 1979, Mazets et al. 1981). In the case of pulsating X-ray sources, the presence of a companion star indicates that accretion is probably the energy source for the X-rays.


When human decision makers deal with (even simple) decision situations, they intuitively deal with the interactive structure of the decision goals and reasons about relationships between goals. For instance, let us consider a decision maker who intends to earn money (goal 1) and to have fun (goal 2) simultaneously. If the only way to earn money is to work, then at least two situations are possible:


ABSTRACT
This final report is made in order to determine premiums receivable record
companies presented using descriptive method is the method of assessment that
compares an observed problem directly into the field with the existing theory.
Premiums receivable are analyzed to investigate the implementation of accounting
information systems premiums receivable records, internal controls, and the problems
faced by the company.
From the results of the field work practices can be seen that the accounting
information system of premiums receivable PT.TASPEN (PERSERO) in premiums
receivable is effective recording and performance PT.TASPEN (PERSERO) is
considered good.
Keywords : premiums receivable records, internal controls, and problems.


Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and poor general health reported by female victims of intimate partner stalking (IPS) and victims' forgiveness or lack of forgiveness towards their perpetrators, controlling for escalation of stalking, age of victims and dispositional forgiveness.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 120 Italian female victims of IPS, who had obtained an administrative protective order (PO) issued by police in stalking cases (Ammonimento), took part in a retrospective study that examined the relationship between the presence or absence of victims' forgiveness of perpetrators and victims' PTSD symptoms and general well-being. Interviews took place after one, two or three years following the PO.

Findings

All participants reported some level of direct or indirect stalking, and up to 98 per cent had suffered both. In half of all cases, a PO had been breached within a year of its issuance. Positive forgiveness was not associated with lower PTSD symptoms and was marginally associated with well-being. Negative forgiveness (e.g. holding a grudge, desiring revenge) was associated with greater PTSD symptoms; holding a grudge was significantly associated with poorer general health.

Research limitations/implications

Victims of IPS experience a state of fear and anxiety due to the constant risk of being attacked, followed and controlled. Compared to studies about the protective role of forgiveness in community couples, this study found that among couples where stalking is present not only positive forgiveness does not take place at the same rate, but it is also not associated with the increased well-being. On the contrary, lack of forgiveness by stalked victims was related to PTSD symptoms and poorer health. Harbouring negative feelings, such a desire for revenge and holding a grudge towards a perpetrator, worsened woman's mental health. These findings are novel and may assist the criminal justice system, law enforcement and service providers in their efforts to help women who are victims of IPS.

Originality/value

This study addresses the relationship between forgiveness and lack of forgiveness among victims of IPS and PTSD symptoms and victims' poor health. Although longitudinal studies are needed to establish any causal relationship between stalking and mental health and the possibly mediating effects of forgiveness, this study is a first contribution to this important field of inquiry.


Introduction: The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that definitive surgery (extraperiosteal excision) is required in patients with osteofibrous dysplasia (OFD) due to the risk of recurrence and co-existent adamantinoma. The possible link with adamantinoma is controversial with some authors believing that they are part of one histological process. This therefore provides difficulty in recommending treatment options. Methods: Using our database 22 cases of OFD were identified. Management was diverse. Results: Definitive (extraperiosteal) surgery, in the majority of our patients, was localized excision for small lesions (less than 50% of the bony circumference) and segmental excision followed by reconstructive surgery for more extensive ones. Seven patients had a "shark-bite" excision and a further seven were treated with fibula autografting. Of the latter group, one required further excision and bone transport due to recurrence of OFD. Five underwent bone transport & distraction osteogenesis and one had a proximal tibial replacement. Nine initially underwent curettage, but eight recurred. No recurrences occurred following localized extraperiosteal excisions and bone transport. There were three confirmed cases of adamantinoma. Discussion: In view of the risk of association of OFD with adamantinoma, and to some extent the continuous morbidity of OFD if left untreated, we believe that radical extraperiosteal excision is indicated in most if not all cases of OFD.


The asphericity, (A), of a random walk is defined and calculated for non-self-avoiding walks. The definition of (A) generalises to self-avoiding walks, percolating clusters and other fractal objects and thus provides a generalised quantitative measure of the departure from spherical symmetry of the gross shape of these objects.


Nikhil Mistry Master of Science (2017) Graduate Department of Physiology University of Toronto ASSESSMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR ADAPTATION, ORGAN PERFUSION, AND TISSUE HYPOXIA IN AN ANTIBODY MEDIATED MODEL OF MODERATE ANEMIA Anemia is associated with increased brain and kidney injury, and mortality in surgical patients by undefined mechanisms. We hypothesize that anemia-induced tissue hypoxia is a potential unifying mechanism. A transgenic mouse model(HIF-ODD Luciferase) was utilized to assess the impact of antibody-mediated anemia on adaptive cardiovascular responses, tissue PO2(PtO2), and hypoxia-inducible factor(HIF)-expression. Red blood cell(RBC)-specific antibody(TER119) induced anemia via intravascular hemolysis, and splenic and hepatic RBC sequestration. Anemia-induced cardiovascular adaptations included increased: 1)peripheral arterial oxygen saturation, 2)cardiac output, 3)internal carotid blood flow, and 4)cerebrovascular reactivity. These mechanisms contributed to maintain brain PtO2. By contrast, renal perfusion was not increased, leading to a reduced renal PtO2. Also, increased HIF-1α expression was observed in renal, hepatic, and gut regions. These findings demonstrate that anemia-induced tissue hypoxia occurs in an organ specific manner. These data support the hypothesis that renal and splanchnic hypoxia may contribute to increased organ injury and mortality in anemic patients.


Aims:  To evaluate the role of the peptidase activities from sourdough lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in the degradation of α‐gliadin fragments.


The By-laws of the American Medical Association provide that the chairman of each section shall present "an addressn recent advances in the branches belonging to his Section, including such suggestions in regard to improvements or methods of work as he may deem important." This defines the character and limits the scope of his address and is, no doubt, a wise provision. Certain departures from the letter of the law are, I infer, permissible and, in pursuance of this belief, I shall digres sufficiently to welcome you all most heartily to this session of the Section, also to offer you my sincere thanks for the splendid manner in which you have supported the officers of the Section in their endeavor to present a program full to overflowing of valuable papers. Some years ago Dr. Casey A. Wood, acting under Section 3 of the Constitution, which empowers officers of Sections to invite


The invention provides a wireless positioning method and device. The method includes: respectively collecting the receiving signal strength of multiple know reference points at a to-be-measured point; estimating the value space of the to-be-measured point according to the receiving signal strength; dividing the estimated value space into a plurality of equal grids; solving corresponding Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients, determining the minimum Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient rho L, and using the grid of a position corresponding to the rho L as the position space of the to-be-measured point. By the wireless positioning method, high-precision wireless positioning can be achieved through low calculation complexity.


In this study, a new fiber-reinforced composite material with jute fabric on the surface has been prepared by four layers of carbon fiber fabric (carbon fiber was unidirectional), one layer of jute fabric as strengthen body and E51 epoxy resin as matric through hand lay-up molding process. The orthogonal test was conducted based on three factors of A: (content of T31 curing agent), B: (content of polyamide203#), and C: (content of methyl silicone oil) and each factor has three different values. Instron3369 type universal material testing machine is used to evaluate the tensile and bending properties of the test specimen, and an impact testing machine (Dynatup9250HV type) was used to test the samples' shock resistance. After orthogonal test and a serious different analysis, the optimal parameters can be created by adhesive resin solution containing 25% curing agent, 10% deforming agent, and 0.3% polyamide203#.


Illness anxiety disorder is intense enough to cause great distress or to interfere with daily functioning and may cause the person to miss work or cancel social engagement. Homoeopathic medicines are effective in treating diseases which are arising from emotional causes. This study is conducted to prove the effectiveness of Homoeopathic Constitutional medicines/anti miasmatic medicine in illness anxiety disorder.


Forward thermodynamic modelling is a commonly used tool for examining the thermobarometric history of a rock. Such models are being applied to a widening range of rock types using increasingly complex model systems. A useful aspect of phase equilibria modelling using pseudosections is the ability to calculate the modal abundance and compositions of phases, in addition to overall phase relations. However, calculating and plotting such data with thermocalc, a popular modelling program, is time consuming. In this article, we provide the methods and a description of a Matlab® computer program, TCInvestigator, which uses thermocalc 3.40 to automatically contour pre‐calculated pressure–temperature pseudosections with modal abundance and mineral composition parameters. The ability to calculate, plot and visualize these parameters automatically and rapidly, allows for a more in‐depth investigation into the metamorphic evolution of a rock. Data can be contoured for all minerals that are present in all fields on the pseudosection, rather than a selection of fields or phases that are a priori considered relevant. Examples of contoured pseudosections for pelitic and greywacke bulk compositions are presented, along with accompanying data sets, to illustrate the applications of this program. The software and example files are available from the CSIRO Data Access Portal at the following address: doi:10.4225/08/54C99E2D47150.


This research Aims to study Evaluation of the teacher training experience teaching in schools. Faculty of Education Loei Rajabhat University.Using survey research The population in this research area.Students may experience the teachers teaching in schools in year 5. University's Faculty of Education268 people Tools used to gather data. questionnaire The statistics used in data analysis were percentage, mean, standard deviation.The results showed that the1 ) Most of the population in the study were male , 78 were female, 29.1 percent were 190 persons or 70.9 percent .2)the professional experiences of the teachers teaching in schools. Faculty of Education Loei Rajabhat University In general, there is much work all aspects mean 4.78 , standard deviation 0.22 when considering each side. Found to be the most practical level . The desirable one . The second is the car for me to teach. And operational features of the previous teachers respectively.


Abstract Wiregrass (Aristida beyrichiana Trin. & Rupr.) seedlings were germinated and grown in trays of 96 medium-filled conical tubes. Four-month-old seedlings were treated with Aatrex 4L (atrazin...


In recent years, a variety of nonlinear dimensionality reduction techniques (NLDR) have been proposed in the literature. They aim to address the limitations of traditional techniques such as PCA and classical scaling. Most of these techniques assume that the data of interest lie on an embedded non-linear manifold within the higher-dimensional space. They provide a mapping from the high-dimensional space to the low-dimensional embedding and may be viewed, in the context of machine learning, as a preliminary feature extraction step, after which pattern recognition algorithms are applied. Laplacian Eigenmaps (LE) is a nonlinear graph-based dimensionality reduction method. It has been successfully applied in many practical problems such as face recognition. However the construction of LE graph suffers, similarly to other graph-based DR techniques from the following issues: (1) the neighborhood graph is artificially defined in advance, and thus does not necessary benefit the desired DR task; (2) the graph is built using the nearest neighbor criterion which tends to work poorly due to the high-dimensionality of original space; and (3) its computation depends on two parameters whose values are generally uneasy to assign, the neighborhood size and the heat kernel parameter. To address the above-mentioned problems, for the particular case of the LPP method (a linear version of LE), L. Zhang et al.1 have developed a novel DR algorithm whose idea is to integrate graph construction with specific DR process into a unified framework. This algorithm results in an optimized graph rather than a predefined one.


Relevance. Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women. Tumor biopsy, a key diagnostic approach, is required to evaluate the nature of tumor and to determine the therapeutic strategy. In clinical practice methods are being applied: trepan-biopsy and fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). The latter is less traumatic however is used less often because it provides with less information. Moreover, dependence from quality of biopsy and qualification of morphologist are attributes of both techniques. A possibility to use biopsy material for farther analysis of tumor-markers would open a perspective to obtain more information and to improve objectivity of traditional diagnostic approaches, including FNAB. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), regulatory molecules involved in control of virtually all physiologic and pathologic process, emerged as promising tumor markers. Malignant transformation of mammary gland epithelia is associated with specific alterations of cellular miRNAs profile. Analysis of these alterations is of great diagnostic potency. Objective. Development of method for miRNAs analysis in cytological smears material and evaluation of its practical applicability. Material and methods. Archived cytological material (smears on the glass slides) from patients with benign tumor and breast cancer was used. Analysis of miRNAs expression was performed by reverse transcription followed by quantitative PCR. Results of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were analyzed with use of relevant cytological and morphological data. Results. Method of miRNAs analysis in material of cytological smears was developed. Expression of 9 miRNAs in 80 samples was evaluated. Statistically significant expression difference between benign and malignant tumor samples was found for 5 miRNAs: miR-21, miR-205, miR-125b, miR-200a, miR-221. MiR-125b exhibited most prominent expression dysregulation: malignant transformation of mammary epithelium is associated with 500 fold decrease of miR-125b expression level. Expression alterations of several miRNAs were revealed to correlate with clinically relevant characteristics of tumors. Conclusions. Results of our study indicated the possibility of miRNAs expression analysis in the FNAB material and the applicability of this method as additive approach to the convention cytological examination. Application of this method will allow to specify diagnosis and to optimize choice of the therapeutic strategy.


In this study, the heat transfer and temperature distribution in a moving fin have been analyzed. The fin velocity was considered constant, and the thermal conductivity coefficient was variable with temperature, and the fin was under the effect of convection, radiation, and conduction heat transfer. The main equation of the problem was solved by the radial basis function method and validated by the numerical 4th‐order Runge–Kutta method. Several parameters such as thermal conductivity parameter from 0 to 1, sink temperature parameter from 0.2 to 0.8, and Nr, Nc, Pe number from 1 to 4, were examined. The outcomes illustrate that increasing the thermal conductivity by 51.5% raises the conduction heat transfers as well as the dimensionless temperature by 3.42%. Moreover, increasing the sink temperature leads to a slow rise in ambient temperature by 22.8% in the maximum state. By raising the Nc and Nr parameters, near 33.3%, the temperature distribution profile is declined by 4% and 10.5%, respectively. And increasing the Pe number by 100% results in a rise in the temperature distribution by about 7%.


[RuCl2(CO)2(dtbpe)], dtbpe = tBu2PCH2CH2PtBu2 is synthesized as a mixture of two isomers and is converted to [RuHCl(CO)2(dtbpe)], then [Ru(H)2(CO)2(dtbpe)]. The chloride trans to hydride in [RuHCl(CO)2(dtbpe)] can be replaced by BF4- or PF6-, and reaction with NaB(3,5-(CF3)2C6H3)4 gives authentic, five-coordinate [RuH(CO)2(dtbpe)]+, characterized structurally by X-ray diffraction, which reveals the lack of agostic interactions. [Ru(H)2(CO)2(dtbpe)] reacts under mild conditions with CO to give [Ru(CO)3(dtbpe)], with ethylene to give C2H6 and [Ru(C2H4)(CO)2(dtbpe)], and with D2 to give some [Ru(H)(D)(CO)2(dtbpe)]. These results are interpreted in terms of relatively facile dissociation of one end of dtbpe from the metal.


3D-IC technology is supposed to be the most promising solution for the growing transistor density in semiconductor industry,and microbump bonding is one of the key technologies for realizing 3Dstacking.In this paper,high density Cu/Sn microbumps of 50μm in diameter and 130μm in pitch were fabricated by electroplating,and the influence of different preelectroplating time and current density on the quality of copper bumps were analyzed.Then high density Cu/Sn microbump bonding were performed by using a flip chip bonding equipment.Radiography and laminography were carried out for nondestructive detecting of the bonding samples,and the results show that the bonding alignment accuracy is quite high,while a small amount of Sn is squeezed out at the edge of the bumps owing to the excessive thickness of the Sn layer.By observing the bonding interface morphology,it is found that the Cu layer and the Sn layer are not tightly combined with voids exist at the interface.The spectral analysis is utilized to confirm the ingredients of the bonding intermetallic compounds,and the results prove that the intermetallic compounds are composed of Cu3 Sn and Cu6Sn5,indicating the bonding reaction of Cu6Sn5 and Cu is inadequate to the stable and planar intermetallic compound Cu3 Sn.The formation of Cu3 Sn can be promoted by increasing the bonding time,decreasing the thickness of Sn layer or introducing the anneal process.


An information fusion method is proposed for the shortcoming of reciprocating compressor gas valve fault diagnosis using single signal in this paper.Pressure signal and vibration signal of valves are fused,and RBF neural network is used to diagnose fault by the information feature vectors constructed in this method.The example shows that various faults of valve can be diagnosed more exactly using this method.


A synergetic aerosol retrieval exploiting a radiometer-spectrometer sensor combination onboard ENVISAT has been developed and evaluated (Holzer-Popp, et al., ACP, 2008). This retrieval algorithm SYNAER exploits the complementary spectral and geometric resolution of the two instruments, which enables retrieval of aerosol optical depth and composition in major optical components (water-soluble, mineral dust, soot, sea salt). Based on this estimation of aerosol type and consecutively its size distribution characteristics and with auxiliary model information on the vertical structure of the aerosol profile also retrieval of particulate matter mass concentrations (PM10, PM2.5, PM1.0, and their composition) can be retrieved. SYNAER is currently being transferred to a similar sensor combination onboard the METOP-1 satellite in order to improve the temporal-spatial coverage.


Trace impedances are specified and controlled on PCBs as their nominal impedance value and variations are key factors in establishing system I/O bus performance. PCB trace impedances are evaluated and controlled during manufacturing using impedance coupon structures. An issue critical to many high performance I/O busses is that the actual bus impedance is shifted and the intra-bus variation is larger than measured using the impedance coupons, leading to PCB motherboards being Out of Specification. Recent work has shown that shifts in measured impedances across a PCB layer is correlated to localized changes in copper density within the PCB fabrication panel due to both the motherboard design and the PCB manufacture's selection of fill pattern and impedance coupon location. Managing the copper density across the fabrication panel through proper coupon design, placement, and copper fill pattern selection is required to minimize impedance shifts between coupons and product. This paper highlights the impact of copper density on PCB trace impedances and provides a BKM (Best Known Method) for managing copper density and designing impedance coupons to minimize impedance shifts and variations that otherwise could lead to Out of Specification impedances on PCB motherboards. Introduction Copper density and copper density transitions drive changes in trace impedance by altering the dielectric thickness and electrical properties of traces. The impact of copper density transitions have also been shown to extend to adjacent layers of the PCB. As a result, localized copper density and copper density transitions must be managed within both the design and the fabrication panel. Recent desktop designs implemented a Partial POOL (Planes On Outer Layer) structure on the PCB motherboard for DDR bus Channel B to improve signal margins at equivalent bus lengths and routing rules. The Partial POOL structure as implemented in a four layer PCB inset the DDR channel B routing into the Layer 3 plane and placed the DDR reference plane on the Layer 4 outerlayer. This resulted in a localized region of low copper density on Layer 3. During the test board builds, two issues were discovered within the Partial POOL DDR implementation. First, the trace impedances near the center of the Partial POOL DDR region were notably lower than impedances at edge of the region as shown in Figure 1. Secondly, a significant impedance offset was observed between the impedance coupons used by fabricators to select line widths and the impedance values across the DDR Channels. Figure Error! No text of specified style in document. Intra-channel Impedance Variation across Multiple Motherboards Measured impedance of DDR data signals at the center of the Partial POOL DDR Channel B extended ~3-5 ohms lower than measured DDR data signal impedances at edge of the routing channel. The measured decrease was significant in that the 3-5ohm increase in intra-bus variation consumed roughly 50% of the allowable impedance tolerance for 40ohm +/-15% DDR signals. The measured change in variation exceeded the modeled intra-bus variation and required Signal Integrity engineers to update simulation models for the DDR channels. Conversely, measured impedances within the Layer 1 microstrip DDR Channel A generally followed trends measured on previous platform builds and had both low intra channel impedance range and expected board to board variation. Investigation across multiple OEM motherboards that implemented Partial POOL as well as internally purchased PCBs built at different fabricators with various materials showed that all designs which implemented Partial POOL had a similar impedance profile +5


A new system 0.1BiFeO3-0.9SrBi2Nb2O9 thin films have been successfully prepared by an ethanolamine-modified sol-gel technique. The precursor solution was synthesized from compounds, Bi(NO3)3·5H2O, Sr(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3·9H2O and Nb(OC2H5)5 in solution ethylene glycol monomethyl ether. The thin films were deposited on Si single crystal by spinning coating, and heat-treated at temperatures ranging from 400°C to 700°C. Crystallization of thin films occurred at about 500 ~ 600°C and the films exhibit a pure phase of layered perovskite ferroelectric structure. The grain of films is well distributed and the average grain size of the film is about 100nm.


While recent history arguably demonstrates a high level of nuclear stability in South Asia, this article argues that this stability has historically been a function of India's relative weakness. It argues that, as India becomes stronger, attention must be paid to the technical and political requirements of nuclear stability: the reliability of weapons and command and control and the political conditions that underpin stable relations between nuclear-armed states. It concludes by recommending the United States aim to modify the perceptions of regional elites about their various intentions and decision-making processes and the role of the United States as crisis manager.


[Objective] The research aimed to find out an economical way of chemical pruning for a hedge plant,Euonymus japonicus.[Method] The effects of different concentrations of paclobutrazol on the dwarfing effect and the economic benefit of E.japonicus were studied.[Result] The optimum combination was as follows:6 667 mg/kg paclobutrazol,drugs dose of 500 ml/m2 and the spraying frequency of 3 times.The cost could be saved by 4.6 yuan/m2 annually by using that technique.[Conclusion] Artificial pruning could be replaced by spaying certain concentration of paclobutrazo on E.japonicus.And it had remarkable economic and landscape benefits.


Energy security is a key objective for any modern society. While the concept has traditionally implied security of supply, it should include economic, technological, environmental, social and cultural, and military/security dimensions as well. In this context, grid interconnectivity potentially has a positive impact on energy security. Nevertheless, several barriers constrain the development and deepening of regional power agreements. Among all, lack of political will is commonly highlighted. The Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) has shown the largest progress of regional power trade in Southeast Asia. Even tough, it is also currently facing challenges to move forward the program. This paper reconstructs the development process of the program in order to better understand how the political will was formed or created and what is currently blocking it. Doing so, it identifies four moments when that was needed. Three of them successfully overcome, and one remaining as a challenge for the near-term future. In total eight critical factors are considered to be behind. Based on them, and the understanding of the current situation, recommendations for the near-term are also proposed.


The utility model provides a mine lot distributing type coal mine gas near-zero emission poly-generation energy supply system and belongs to gas near-zero emission energy supply systems. A gas extraction pump station is connected with a gas density controller, a cyclone dewaterer is provided with two outlets, the output end of a fuel gas power machine is connected with a first generator, a mine main ventilator is sequentially connected with a gas mixer and a ventilative gas oxidization device, an outlet of a water storage tank is connected with a water-feeding pressure pump which is provided with two outlets, a steam outlet of the ventilative gas oxidization device and a steam outlet of a waste heat boiler are connected with an inlet of a steam mixer, an outlet of the steam mixer is sequentially connected with a steam power machine, a condenser and the water storage tank, the output end of the steam power machine is connected with a second generator, and a cold-hot water outlet of a waste heat type double-effect lithium bromide absorption type cold-hot water unit and a cold-hot water outlet of a fuel gas type double-effect lithium bromide absorption type cold-hot water unit are combined and then are connected with a main cold-hot water pipeline. Clean production utilization of coal mine gas and circular economy development are achieved.


The authors of the article have presented the retrospective of innovational activity of the laboratory of physical development and healthy lifestyle of the Institute of Problems on Education of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine (NAES of Ukraine) during 2009-20017 years; have substantiated the topicality of problems of physical and military-patriotic education of children and youth and the need of their solving. The unsatisfactory state of health and physical development of Ukrainians have served as determinants in defining the lines of scientific research of the laboratory of physical development and healthy lifestyle during 2009-2013 years. The main goal of activity of research scientists of the laboratory was to upgrade physical education and training in general educational institutions, to improve the physical state and health of children and student youth, to prevent spreading of negative phenomena: alcohol and drug addiction etc. The urgent issues investigated by the laboratory in 2014-2016 years: "Military-patriotic education of students of general educational institutions in out-of-class work". Since 2017 (until 2019) the research scientists of the laboratory have performed the scientific research work "Methods of formation of high school students' readiness to the defence of homeland". The aim of this activity is to improve the state of student youth's readiness to defend their nativeland. The article's main information covers the results of the research work, innovational activities, scientific achievements of the laboratory of physical development and healthy lifestyle of the Institute of Problems on Education of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine.


What to conduct on the part of a passenger in an automobile constitutes contributory negligence barring a recovery in case of an accident? What affirmative steps must of passenger take for his safety? This paper is an attempt to answer these questions in the light of the changing technology of automobile travel. At the outset, a few definitions are in order. Many states have an active statutes limiting their liability of a driver of an automobile for injuries to guests to situations involving either gross negligence, willful misconduct, or intoxication. In such jurisdictions a "guest" is defined for the purpose of applying to statutes, as a person whom the owner or possessor of a motor vehicle invites to ride with him as a gratuity. A "passenger" conversely, is defined as a person conveyed for hire from one place to another, and the relationship between carrier and passenger is contractual. This latter definition is, for purposes of the present discussion, somewhat too restrictive in character. It has been as strictly observed that whatever the technical legal significance of the term passenger may be, in common parlance it means an occupant of a motor vehicle other than the person operating it and describes the physical status rather than a technical legal status.... Language: en


A 16-year-old boy was referred with a 12-year history of progressive atrophic indurated plaques over his right inner thigh and extending to involve the lower leg, flanks and more recently the upper back, associated with pain (Fig. 1). Based on the clinical appearances the main initial diagnostic consideration was morphoea. Thermography showed a small mildly hyperthermic area on the medial right thigh, but otherwise did not indicate warmth at any of the affected sites. Magnetic resonance imaging of both legs showed no signs of active oedema to suggest inflammation.


Five hundred and sixty-one managers in Central and Eastern Europe were asked how much they relied on each of eight sources of guidance in handling eight relatively routine work events. A previous study indicated particularly strong reliance on one's own experience and training in the Czech Republic and Hungary. Managers from Poland and Slovakia relied more on superiors, while in Romania and Bulgaria proportionally greater account was taken of "beliefs that are widespread in my country as to what is right". These analyses are extended by examining respondents' ratings of how well each work event was handled. Overall, most events were seen as best handled on the basis of one's own experience and training. However, substantial divergences between the more northerly and more southerly nations were again found, and these are discussed in terms of locally differing circumstances.


Early American twentieth century societal concerns about Latino and Asian immigrants focused on race mixing and the "mongrelization" of the U.S. More recently, Eduardo Bonilla-Silva has argued that shifting definitions of race are occurring within the U.S., resulting in the latinamericanization of society. Measures of social intimacy examined to support this argument have typically disregarded private infant adoption. This article examines the discursive practices of private adoption agencies with respect to Latino and Asians. It looks as well, at the current adoptive parent demand as another indicator of our changing racial structure. The question raised is whether adoption of Latino and Asian children represents what Robert Suro calls the new mestizaje or simply the assimilation of children as (honorary) members of the dominant society?


Grassland degradation and fragmentation produced by land use have globally impacted biodiversity. In the Neotropics, the Pampas Grasslands have been greatly altered by agriculture and the introduction of exotic trees. To evaluate the effects of changing habitat features on indigenous grassland fauna, we studied a breeding population of a ground-nesting bird, the Spotted Nothura (Nothura maculosa (Temminck, 1815)), in a natural grassland under cattle grazing in central-east Argentina. We estimated daily nest survival rate (DSR) and modeled it as a function of habitat (distance to habitat edges, cattle density, and nest concealment) and temporal factors. Of the 80 nests found, 64 (80%) failed, predation being the principal cause of failure. DSR was 0.874, estimating a cumulative survival of only 6.8% throughout egg laying and incubation. DSR increased with distance to continuous forests and decreased with nest age. Nests located near forest edges could have increased predation risk because they are potentially exposed to forest-dwelling predators in addition to grassland-dependent predators. Considering the low success found and the ongoing invasion of exotic trees in the region, we encourage governments to protect large areas of grassland to ensure adequate nest success for Tinamous and other ground-nesting birds.


Recently, in Romania the Pacient's Rights Law has been adopted that entirely reconsiders and stipulates the rights established through consultations between the implicated organisms at the European level. It hasn't been yet achieved an unanimously adopted view concerning the responsibilities of the health care providers, finantiators or reglementation authorities, the application procedure hasn't been elaborated. The identification of the causes of its lack of application allows us the propose concrete measures consisting of normative acts in the law applications and responsibilities sharing.


Abstract The probing behaviour of woolly apple aphid, Eriosoma lanigerum (Homoptera: Aphididae), was monitored on woody tissues of the susceptible apple (Malus domestica) cultivar 'Royal Gala', using the Electrical Penetration Graph (EPG) technique. The stylet penetration pathway of the probing aphid was studied by analysing the waveforms of different patterns and voltage levels. The waveforms A, B, C, G, E1, and E2 were recorded from E. lanigerum and have known correlations with probing events of aphid species that feed on soft plant tissues. The differences in frequencies and relative amplitude of A and E1 waveforms are discussed in relation to the probing behaviour of woolly apple aphid on woody plant tissues.


Ontology is increasingly seen as a key factor of semantic Web. It makes information on the Web more readily accessed and processed by applications. Ontologies mapping is required for combining independent and heterogeneous ontologies, which implements the interoperability across semantic Web applications. This paper presents a new approach for ontologies mapping. We introduce the inference techniques of description logic, and transform the ontologies mapping from the computing of linguistic or structural similarities to the logical reasoning between concepts of different ontologies, implementing the semantic mapping of ontologies. Experiments show our approach outperforms the CTXMATCH algorithm in recall and precision when the rich relations exist between concepts of ontologies.


Projection pursuit is a statistical method to process and analyze high dimensional data. The basic idea is to find the projection which can reveal the internal structures and characters of high dimension by projecting high dimensional data to low dimension space, so that we can analyze and research the high dimension data better. Projection pursuit has been extensively applied in many fields. Among it, the key issue is to select the appropriate projection index. By PPDA projection index for example, this article proves that it's mean square convergent with the relevant knowledge about wavelet estimation, which provides the convenience for us to select the optimum projection index.


When a patient presents with abdominal pain, which investigations should clinicians use to establish whether the pain results from pancreatic cancer?


Planning for future military capabilities assumes the availability of highly mobile, agile, rapidly deployable forces. Incorporation of robotic systems into future force structure to reduce casualties, increase tactical reach, counter battle fatigue, and reduce logistics burdens for rapid reaction forces offers one potential pathway for achieving this goal. The Demo III Unmanned Ground Vehicle Program is designed to advance and demonstrate the technology required to develop future unmanned ground combat vehicles through three major thrusts: (1) concerted technology development; (2) modeling, simulation and experimentation; and (3) technology integration and evaluation with users. Demo III focuses on demonstration of technology that will enable the development of small, highly agile, unmanned vehicles capable of off-road, semi- autonomous operation at speeds of up to 32 km/hr during daylight and 16 km/hr at night by summer 2001.


Let those who read these pages reflect upon the numberless instances, which must have come within the observation of all medical or lay observers, of youths who stood high in their classes, and ranked quite as intellectual prodigies up to or a little beyond the age of puberty, say from fourteen upward-who suddenly, without obvious cause, became stupid as dunces, or losing their vivacity, seemed to fail rapidly in intelligence, and to disappoint the high hopes which had been entertained of them.' -Nicholas Francis Cooke, Satan in Society (1880)


Changes in medicine, media, and mores in the last forty years have repositioned the discussion of illness in society. In particular, the emergence of AIDS, and its growth from what was thought to be an illness attacking only gay men to a widespread epidemic (although often considered a "manageable" disease for those with access to the right medications), has forced the public to look at the politics and social structures that shape our understanding of particular diseases. AIDS helped make the topics of medical research, health education, and sexual and racial stereotyping pressing issues, and in the process it placed the particulars of the disease and the people with it in the public eye. Although the symbol of illness as punishment perseveres, a greater openness toward the personal experience of disease complicates and diminishes that signifi cation. The sophisticated discourses emerging out of this openness consequently suggest new ways of defi ning disease and new methods of narrating the stories of the ill.1 Because of the long gestation period of the HIV virus, medicine's increasing ability to treat HIV, and improvements in the treatment of cancer, many people are able to live quite long periods with these stillfrightening diseases. The result is a body of writing perhaps unique in the history of literature. Although many artists have written under the burden of terminal disease, especially tuberculosis, never before has such candor emerged in speaking of illness, nor has such writing become so enmeshed in the political, cultural, and sexual issues of its day. In addition to creating works of art that include terminal


The aim of this work is to observe invitro cytotoxic effect of methanolic crude extracts of Terminalia chebula (Family: Combretaceae). The bark of Terminalia chebula were soaked with methanol and then methanolic crude extract was fractionated into n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and chloroform soluble fractions. The methanolic crude extracts (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and chloroform soluble fractions) of Terminalia chebula were screened for cytotoxic activity using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. A reputed cytotoxic agent vincristine sulphate used as a positive control. From the results of the brine shrimp lethality bioassay it can be well predicted that methanolic crude extracts (n-hexane, ethyl acetate and chloroform soluble fractions) of Terminalia chebula possess cytotoxic principles, (LC50 1.413 mg/mL, 1.492 mg/mL and 1.496 mg/mL respectively) comparison with positive control, vincristine sulphate (LC50 0.563 mg/mL). key words: Terminalia chebula, Fabaceae , Combretaceae, methanolic crude extract and cytotoxic effects. INTRODUCTION Terminalia chebula (Local name: haritaki, family: Combretaceae) is a tree tall about 50-80 ft in height. It has rounded crown and spreading branches. The bark is dark brown with some longitudinal cracks. Leaves are ovate and elliptical, with two large glands at the top of petiole. The fruit or drupe is about 1-2 inches in size. Fruit is green when unripe and yellowish grey when ripe. Fruits are collected from January to April. Each fruit has a single seed that is light yellow in color. The flowers are dull white with spikes and can be found at the end of the branches. Terminalia chebula is called the "king of medicines" in Tibet and is always listed first in the Ayurvedic materia medica because of its extraordinary powers of healing. Many medicinal compound have been isolated from Terminalia chebula like tannins, chebulagic acid and tannase production. Terminalia chebula has been used as a potencial medicinal agent in HIV-1 integrase inhibition, radiation protection, growth inhibition, antioxidant effects, cytoprotective effect, renoprotective, cancer cell growth inhibitor, liver toxic agents and myocardial infection and in elucidation of antimicrobial & metabolic constituents. METHODS AND MATERIALS Collection of the Plant Plant sample of Terminalia chebula (bark) was collected from Noakhali, April 2010. Extraction of Plant Material The powdered material of Terminalia chebula (bark, 700 g) were soaked with methanol (2.0 L) in August 15, 2010 in a desicator with occasional shaking and stirring for 25 days. The extract was then filtered through filter-cloth. The filtrate was kept to dry in fresh and clean air to afford a mass of cytotoxic investigation. Preparation of mother solution Methanolic extract of Terminalia chebula bark (5 g) was triturated with ethanol (100 mL) containing distilled water (10 mL). The crude extract went to the solution completely. This is the mother solution, which was partitioned off successively by three solvents (n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate) of different polarity by kupchan method (Figure-1). The amount of crude extracts were found in nhexane (1.5 g), chloroform (1 g) and ethyl acetate (0.5 g). RESULT AND DISCUSSION The brine shrimp test (BST) represents a rapid, inexpensive and simple bioassay for testing plant extract lethality which in most cases correlates reasonably well with cytotoxic and anti-tumour properties. Following the procedure of Meyer and persoone the cytotoxicity of the methanolic crude extracts (n-hexane, ethyl acetate and chloroform fractions) of Terminalia chebula were determined The LC50 values of nhexane, ethyl acetate and chloroform soluble fraction found to be 1.413 mg/mL, 1.492 mg/mL and 1.496 mg/mL respectively. The positive control vincristine sulphate showed LC50 at a concentration of 0.563 mg/mL (Table-1). From the results of the brine shrimp lethality bioassay it can be well predicted that the n-hexane, ethyl acetate and chloroform soluble fractions possess cytotoxic principles. The cytotoxic effect of methanolic crude extracts on brine shrimp nauplii are given in table-2. CONCLUSION The present study indicates that the crude extracts of Terminalia chebula have got intense cytotoxic effect and may have potential use in medicine. From the previous studies and our current investigation it may be concluded that further study can be carried out to investigate the individual bioactive principles. Mohammad Musarraf Hussain et al. IRJP 2012, 3 (9) Page 95 Terminalia chebula (powdered bark) Cold extraction with methanol n-hexane extract Partitioning by modified Kupchan method Chloroform extract Ethyl acetate extract Figure-1: Schematic diagram of the crude extracts of Terminalia chebula Table -1: Cytotoxic effects of crude extracts of Terminalia chebula Sample (soluble fractions) LC50 (mg/mL) based on log C Regression equation R n-hexane 1.413 y = 48.89x 19.10 0.780 Ethyl acetate 1.492 y = 45.46x 17.81 0.848 Chloroform 1.496 y = 44.65x 16.80 0.847 Vincristine sulphate (positive control) 0.563 y = 30.056x + 56.016 0.9168 Table-2: Cytotoxic effect of methanolic crude extracts on brine shrimp nauplii


Let N be a 3−prime near-ring with a nonzero generalized semiderivation F associated with a semiderivation d and an automorphism g associated with d and U be a nonzero semigroup ideal of N. In this paper, it is shown that N is commutative ring, if any one of the following conditions are satis ed: (i) F (U) ⊆ Z, (ii) F ([u, v]) = 0, (iii) F ([u, v]) = ±[u, v], (iv) F ([u, v]) = [F (u), v], (v) [F (u), v] ∈ Z, for all u, v ∈ U.


Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death in the world due to infection with a single microbial agent, being mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Zahrt, 2003). According to the World Health Organization (WHO), one third of the world population is infected with the tubercle bacillus, nearly 2 billions worldwide, however only 5-10% of the infected people will developed the disease. The co-infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases greatly the chances of the TB reactivation (WHO, 2005). Regardless of the availability of effective short-course chemotherapy (DOTS), which is preconized by the WHO, and the Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, the bacillus continues to claim more lives than any other infectious agent (Cole et al, 1998). Due to the outburst of resistant MDR-TB and XDR-TB strains to the classics agents of treatment, a novel line of treatment should be developed with the conception of a new drug and/or vaccine. The enzyme polynucleotide phosphorylase, PNPase (EC 184.108.40.206), encoded by gpsI gene (Rv2783c), catalyses the de novo synthesis of polyribonucleotide using nucleoside diphosphates as substrates (Littauer, 2005). Once the role of the PNPase in M. tuberculosis has not been determined yet, it becomes necessary to study this enzyme and its possible role in the bacillus invasion and persistence. The objective of this work is the amplification and cloning of the gene gpsI, the overexpression, purification and characterization of recombinant enzyme to determine its role in M. tuberculosis.


Abstract The multifactorial model of disease causation constitutes the dominant conceptual framework underwriting the epidemiology of chronic illness. Under this rubric, factors correlated with disease are analysed at the individual level; accordingly, race, social class and gender are routinely conceptualised and incorporated into epidemiological research as individualised measures of racial category, socioeconomic status and sex. This paper employs three concepts from the field of technoscience studies to elucidate how epidemiological constructions about bodily 'differences' are infused with authority and legitimacy. The multifactorial model and accompanying representations of race, class and gender can be usefully conceptualised as a black box (Latour 1987, Latour and Woolgar 1986), in which individualised inputs to epidemiological studies are routinised while the interior workings of the black box – how exactly 'differences' come to affect health – are taken for granted. Second, processes of triangulation (Star 1985, 1986) are evident, as results from multiple lines of research on an array of different diseases are used to enhance the stability of the multifactorial model and associated constructions of 'difference'. A final illuminating technoscience concept is that of the boundary object (Star and Griesemer 1989), whose dual properties of conceptual flexibility and integrity help in understanding the proliferation and institutionalisation of epidemiological methods of studying race, class and sex/gender in chronic disease.


Abstract An inverse model to infer the near-surface velocity from the heat equation was applied to a series of six infrared satellite images from northern California. The inversion used a two-dimensional nondiffusive heat equation with a simple representation of surface heat fluxes and vertical entrainment. The along-isotherm component of the velocity was in the null space of this problem. An overdetermined problem was defined by adding weighted constraints on the energy, divergence and curl of the velocity and representative solutions were chosen from the family of solutions corresponding to a designated misfit level for the heat equation. A series of solutions with an average energy of 250 km2 d−2 and a divergence of 0.36 d−1 compared well with simultaneous Doppler acoustic log (DAL) measurements in regions with strong temperature gradients. The decorrelation time for the solutions was about one day. Horizontal advection accounted for about 40% of the variance of the temporal temperature derivative. The...


In the context of future global warming, Antarctic contribution to sea level rise (SLR) depends on several processes leading to opposite impacts. First, under a warming climate, precipitation is supposed to increase, inducing a plausible negative impact on SLR. Contrary to the Greenland ice sheet case, ablation should stay a marginal process at least on grounded ice. Second, oceanic warming and/or surface ponding on ice shelves may trigger a Marine Ice Sheet Instability by reducing the backforce they exert on outlet glaciers. Once engaged on such a self-entertained retreat a large positive contribution to SLR may be expected. This dynamic process is already going on in the Admundsen sea sector. Although these two processes (surface mass balance – SMB – and ice dynamics) have been modeled separately to infer sea level contribution, little work has been done to study their interactions.


A new species of the genus Parapharyngodon, Parapharyngodon anomalus, is described from the Australian echidna, Tachyglossus aculeatus. This nematode is morphologically similar to 2 previously described species which occur in Australian reptiles. This is the first report of a member of this genus occurring in amammal. The significance of this finding is discussed.


Because the brake and turn of automobile is completed by transmitting the force and torque to the ground through the tire, tires can influence the handling and stability of automobile. The impact of the unloaded radius of tire on the handling and stability of automobile was studied on the basis of ADAMS/CAR in this paper. The unloaded radius of tire was only changed and other parameters remain unchanged, then full vehicle analysis was carried out to get the simulation curves. The impact of the unloaded radius of tires on the handling and stability of automobile was obtained from the curve of simulation. The results of simulation are conducive to designing the shape and dimension of tires.


This paper briefly introduces the development history,development mode,and planning and design principle of MTR superstructure.Combining with comprehensive scheme design tendering project in subway section,it explores the MTR superstructure design,with a view to guide practice.


COVID-19 pandemic dramatically changed the face of the world, including Indonesia. With more economic relief packages injected into public spending, corruption opportunities have risen, especially under the weakening corruption monitoring system. This article presents significant findings from the survey on the practice of corruption during the pandemic that can paint an understanding of corruption in Indonesia. Two survey rounds were conducted with respondents around Indonesia starting mid-to-end 2020, gathering 2,093 responses. The ordinary least-square (OLS) regression unveils that people who live in rural areas or spend less than the common people tend to commit or be involved in the practice of corruption. People who live in the rural areas or receive less income tend to perform corruption to close the income gap. It is also found that people with higher education levels tend to perform corruption. Higher corruption rents and broad opportunities for power abuse promote corruption in a well-educated society.


For a long time past,the question of the study object for library science has puzzled a lot of library scholars.To solve this problem needs to analyze the essential factors and fundamental contradictions of library.The object of study for library science is the library itself.Future library science will develop toward technology science.


Abstract Farmers must frequently decide when to stop breeding cows if cows fail to conceive. Four culling decision rules were defined and economically evaluated using a stochastic simulation model (DairyORACLE), which models the management of a dairy herd. Two rules are based on a fixed cutoff point for service and two varied according to production and reproductive status of individual cows. Decision analysis techniques were used. For maximum profit the reproductive culling policy should not be too restrictive. Income over variable costs per cow decreased if maximum allowable number of days for breeding was reduced from 250 to 165 d, despite the positive effect on calving interval of the herd. The advantage of a shorter calving interval was outweighed by the negative effects of increased culling, especially in herds with poor reproductive performance. In these herds the most profitable strategy was a flexible culling criterion based on production and reproductive status of the cow. With better reproduction, it was worthwhile to continue breeding all cows until 250 days after calving, provided that the lowest producing cows were not bred but were culled for low production irrespective of reproduction.


1. Bacteria can be an important resource for zooplankton production in aquatic food webs, although the degree to which bacteria sustain zooplankton growth and reproduction is not clear. We performe ...


Classical and quantum annealing are two heuristic optimization methods that search for an optimal solution by slowly decreasing thermal or quantum fluctuations. Optimizing annealing schedules is important both for performance and fair comparisons between classical annealing, quantum annealing, and other algorithms. Here we present a heuristic approach for the optimization of annealing schedules for quantum annealing and apply it to 3D Ising spin glass problems. We find that if both classical and quantum annealing schedules are similarly optimized, classical annealing outperforms quantum annealing for these problems when considering the residual energy obtained in slow annealing. However, when performing many repetitions of fast annealing, simulated quantum annealing is seen to outperform classical annealing for our benchmark problems.


The author considers optimization of material flows within freightage market, transportation costs, marketing objectives, economic meaning of logistics. The author points out that the marketing permits to see the outlooks for economic situation, regional deployment of industries, forthcoming goods' flows, sphere of circulation and thus has a special role in forecasting of freightage. The article contains a brief review of existing and prospective forms of analysis and prognostics of the freight market (EUIndex ofInland Freight Transport Volume relative to GDP, cargo-index of Gudok newspaper, goods traffic rate), as well as of structural support of such activities within the Russian Railways. The author outlines the positive role of JSC Russian Railways-Logistics and proposes to found a marketing and logistics council to promote long-terms end-to-end links.


Copyright: 2011 LiveDiverse. This is a post print version of the work. The definitive version is published in LiveDiverse Newsletter.


Small-scale enterprises have been given an important place in the framework of Indian planning for both ideological and economic reasons. Development of small-scale enterprises has been imbued with a multiplicity of objectives such as generation of immediate employment opportunities with relatively low investment, promotion of more equitable distribution of national income and effective mobilization of required capital and human skills. In order to achieve these objectives the Government of India has started various programmes for the development of smallsector in India. It is worth mentioning that over the last six decades, India has built up perhaps one of the world's most elaborate programmes for small enterprise development for providing assistance to the entrepreneurs for setting up small-scale enterprises. The government's objectives and intentions towards industry including small-scale industry were announced through her Industrial Policy Resolutions (IPR 1948, 1956, 1977, 1980, 1990 and 1991) and Five Year plan. This paper aims to focus on studying policy initiatives towards the development of small scale industries in India. This paper also includes the operations and role of the Indian government as a participant, regulator and facilitator in the growth of small scale industries. Introduction Since India got its independence, we are working our economy as per the Five Year Plans. These mega plans have served us as building blocks of our national economy. A brief overview of these plans would give us a fairly clear picture of our developmental program. These plans would also highlight for us the targets set through these sixty five years of India's independence. In this analysis I have reviewed all the Five year plans, Industrial policy resolutions, LPG policy's for the development of small scale industry. Review of Literature Before Independence, the present small scale industry was meant to denote the village and the urban cottage industry. This group included a variety of industries ranging from manufacturing of Iron safes, locks, carpets, marble jigs, baskets and hand-loom cloth. In fact, at that time the term "cottage and Small scale industries" was used in juxtaposition to large scale industries, which were established under the British patronage. Small scale industries were indigenous with a historical background of ages. They received encouragement and support during the freedom movement. The nationalists considered it to be their patriotic duty to develop them. The cottage and small scale industries found a prominent place in the economic programme envisaged by the National Congress. Grabam Bannock. (1969) stated that Indian economy is an under developed economy. Its vast resources are either unutilized or underutilized. A major section of manpower is lying idle. The per capita income is low. Capital is shy and scarce and investment is lean. Production is traditional and the technique is outdated. The output is insufficient and the basic needs of the people remain unfulfilled. Nisae Ahmad. (1970) stated that the planners and the economists in India took recourse to small scale industry because most of these industries existed in the traditional form, which symbolize our heritage and past glory. These still serve as the back bone of our economy, which is mostly rural. It is with this view that an assessment of growth, development and working of small scale industries in the specific region is attempted in this research study. Prof. K.T. Sash was the first Indian economist, who realizing the importance of Small scale industries in India, tried to give a workable definition of these industries. He defined "A small scale or cottage industry as an enterprise or series of operations carried on by a workman skilled in the craft on his responsibility, the finished product of which, he markets himself" In contrast Jawaharlal Nehru seemed to be clearer in his mind when he maintained separate entities of cottage and small scale industries. He was of the view that a small industry was the middle sector and it would overlap both the cottage and the large industries. The basic policy support of SSI sector had its roots in the Industrial Policy Resolution 1977, laid emphasis on reservation of items. The reservation economically viable and technologically feasible products to be exclusively manufactured by small scale industry began with a list of 47 items which was gradually extended to too many products. At Present 812 items are in the reserved list. Mathew P.M. (1970) stated that The other policy support which could be listed are excise exemption, credit under priority sector lending from banks and financial institutions, marketing support through reservation of items for products from small scale industry sector for government purchases, providing infrastructure facilities like sheds, plots in industrial estates, technological support, new management techniques, training and entrepreneurship development programs. Nikhil Bhusan Dey, deals with the role of Government and various institutions in developing and financing small scale industries in Cacber district in particular and the state of Assam in general. Gholam Ali, (1999) in his study entitled, "Help makes small scale industries viable" revealed that big and small industries have their share in the development of a nation and the prosperity of its masses. A balance must be struck in the development of these industries. The thrust on the development of SSI through successive Five year plans and Government Policies had helped this sector. K.M Rostagi, (1997) in his study entitled, "Employment Generation through Small Scale Village and Cottage Industries – A case study in Madhya Pradesh" has also reported that unique case of growing unemployment and poverty amidst plenty. He is in favour of only small and village industries which make optimum use of indigenous resources and techniques. According to him, there are hundreds of items which can be produced in rural and in small scale industrial units more economically than in a large sector. Minocha, A.C. (1997) in his study entitled, "Industrial development in Madhya Pradesh Regional Structure and Strategy for employment Oriented Industrialization" has suggested that the strategy of employment oriented industrialization should aim at the development of SSI in rural areas. Father of our Nation, Mahatma Gandhiji had strongly advocated the development of Indian villages by making them financially viable through small and village industrial units. Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru, First Prime Minister of India said, "Sky is


Many language education scholars and professionals consider that the ideal way to connect their classrooms to the Internet is to use Internet-connected computer labs in the school. Many publications cater to the needs of teachers who work in such ideal environments (Dudeney 2000; Eastment 1999; Teeler and Gray 2000; Warschauer, Shetzer, and Meloni 2000; Windeatt, Hardisty, and Eastment 2000). Yet many teachers work in situations where computer availability, and lab access to the Internet, are less than ideal. This article suggests several activities for teachers to use in these situations. The activities involve students using Internet-connected computers outside the classroom, including computers in school walk-in computer labs, self-access study areas, libraries, computers in local public libraries, community centres, and where possible at home.


RNA tertiary structure prediction has been based almost entirely on base-pairing constraints derived from phylogenetic covariation analysis. We describe here a complementary approach, inspired by the Rosetta low-resolution protein structure prediction method, that seeks the lowest energy tertiary structure for a given RNA sequence without using evolutionary information. In a benchmark test of 20 RNA sequences with known structure and lengths of ≈30 nt, the new method reproduces better than 90% of Watson–Crick base pairs, comparable with the accuracy of secondary structure prediction methods. In more than half the cases, at least one of the top five models agrees with the native structure to better than 4 Å rmsd over the backbone. Most importantly, the method recapitulates more than one-third of non-Watson–Crick base pairs seen in the native structures. Tandem stacks of "sheared" base pairs, base triplets, and pseudoknots are among the noncanonical features reproduced in the models. In the cases in which none of the top five models were native-like, higher energy conformations similar to the native structures are still sampled frequently but not assigned low energies. These results suggest that modest improvements in the energy function, together with the incorporation of information from phylogenetic covariance, may allow confident and accurate structure prediction for larger and more complex RNA chains.


Diseases localized in the central nervous system (CNS) are of hard diagnostic and therapeutic target. The blood brain barrier (BBB) plays a fundamental role on this drawback, as it prevents most drugs to reach their site of action within the CNS. To overcome this big issue and to avoid the use of invasive methods of administration (dangerous and costly) brain drug delivery systems have been conceived. Among this, colloidal systems and nasal administration are very attractive non-invasive strategies. Embedding neuro-drugs within nanoparticulate matter can ensure their protection from peripheral degradative mechanisms, that for their cause, the drug can not reach the CNS in sufficient amount. Micro and nanoparticles are also exploited to improve the achievement of a drug to CNS by nasal administration, as alternative to the oral and parenteral routs. Through nasal route, the carriers are able to increase drug amounts in CNS compared then the drug is administrated in the free form, and, thanks to the existence of pathways for the direct transport nose-to-brain, it is possible for a drug to bypass the BBB and to rapidly reach the brain.
 This work has been aimed at the design, development and characterization of non-invasive delivery systems for neuro-drugs with particular attention paid to colloidal and to nose-to-brain strategies, in order to encourage the use of neuro-drugs which that is currently restricted to the treatment of a few CNS diseases.


Abstract Data from a 1982 nationwide American Cancer Society survey of more than a million Americans show the most common surnames among American Jews as well as the percent of those reported as Jewish with these particular surnames. Comparison with data for Israel shows some similarities in the surnames among Jews in the two countries (e.g., Cohen is the single most common surname in both) but also some very marked differences in rankings.


It is required that a picture image is processed in realtime for the position measurement of a robot vehicle. This paper describes the method which detects artificial patterns of slit code with high precision and speed. Slit codes are constructed by arranging slits so that the intervals among their center lines are of definite lengths. Detection of a slit code is done in two steps. In the first step, each slit pattern is detected by a finite automaton which inputs sampled data of two-valued image in the direction of the length. In the second step, the projective invariant of the visual angles among center lines of four neighbouring slits is computed from the slit pattern. If the invariant value is zero, then the pattern is accepted as a subsequence of a slit code. Otherwise they are rejected. The detection method is implemented in a system which scans the robot's environment by a TV camera through a rotating periscope. The experiments show its high reliability, that is, it accepts slit codes and rejects other noise slit patterns. Also the system makes it possible to follow a specified slit of the slit code using the method of slit pattern detection, while the robot is moving. Thus visual feedback is attained.


Research has indicated that the fluent speech of stutterers is different from normal speech. A previous experiment suggested that part of the difference between the fluent speech of normals and stutterers is to be found in the number of brief pauses, but varying recording gain levels could have affected the measurements. The present paper reports an attempt to resolve the gain problem and to examine brief pauses in the speech waveform. Twenty‐five normal subjects and 25 fluent stutterers were employed as S's. Taped samples of reading were processed, using a computer of average transients as the basic unit. An analysis of variance showed decisively that in our method of processing the speech samples, gain had affected pause length but had done so in the same manner for both stutterers and nonstutterers. There was no interaction. Stutterers were found to have a significantly greater number of pauses 150 to 250 msec long. A simple counter, called a "speech‐pause counter," was devised that was able to give results as reliable as those of the computer, using a single sample of speech from each subject.


The main purpose of this thesis is to get to know the work of a social pedagogue, that works with a mobile educational service in a school with adapted program, and to learn how they maneuver between the needs of children (especially the needs of children with problems in social integration) and the demands of the system, that determines how successful these children should be. While researching the work of the mobile educational service, our main question was, how social pedagogues work inside the rigid system that works with children with special needs.
At the beginning of this thesis, we explore the process of coordinating children with special needs in a regular elementary school, with emphasis on directing children with problems in social integration. The next chapter presents the first attempts of a mobile educational service and the main characteristics and guidelines for a mobile social pedagogue.
In the empirical part of this thesis we tried to see the reality of a mobile educational service by analyzing the interviews that were conducted with seven mobile social pedagogues. We wanted to find out, what role does a social pedagogue have in a mobile educational service, what is his field of work, what is their opinion on today's system of directing children with needs, what are the working conditions that are provided by this system and what are the main problems they face in their work. By analyzing the interviews we got a glimpse into the important work that is provided by a mobile social pedagogue.
The results of the research shows that the professional profile of social pedagogue is still not sufficiently recognized in the field of elementary education of children with special needs. Participants in the interviews mostly want higher professional support, networking and the exchange of methods and tools.


Seed production and cultured pearl farming techniques of pearl oysters, Pinctada fuctata and P. margaritifera.
Seed production and farming techniques of edible oyster, Crassostrea madrasensis;
Seed production and farming techniques of clams, Anadara granosa, Meretrix meretrix, M. casta, Paphia malabarica & Marcia opima.
Technology for seed production of sea cucumbers, Holothuria scabra and H. spinifera
Breeding and rearing of cephalopods i.e., Sepiella inermis
Breeding and rearing of mud crab i.e., Scylla serrata
Breeding and seed production of conservation important gastropods
Basic techniques for tissue cultured pearl production
Documentation of rare/endangered/vulnerable species from Gulf of Mannar


Heart failure (HF) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are current global epidemics with increasing prevalence that show no signs of slowing down. Of particular concern is the burden that both of these disorders place on individuals and society as a whole. Individually, both are expensive in resources, have high mortality rates, and cause significant reductions in quality of life. However, 30% to 45% of patients with HF have DM, and DM is an independent risk factor for the development of progressive HF and cardiovascular death, complicating management for physicians and further raising
pressures on health and social care systems. Breakthroughs in the medical management of DM and HF have reduced mortality rates, meaning that the current epidemic is largely fueled by increased prevalence of the two disorders. Of particular concern is the rise of DM in developing countries, as these areas of the world become more prosperous, with the trappings of Western civilization rapidly infiltrating their cultures. Subsequent declines in physical activity and increased consumption of refined foods, drastically removed from indigenous eating habits, are resulting in DM sweeping the globe.


This review discusses statin treatment in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), including acute coronary syndrome (ACS), based on the results of the latest clinical trials. The modern views on statin mechanisms of action are presented, including their pleiotropic effects, important for CHD and ACS treatment. Currently, the most effective and safe statin is atorvastatin.