Psoriasis is a long‐term skin disorder that currently does not have a cure. Many people with psoriasis also suffer from social or emotional problems, called psychosocial comorbidities. Suggested explanations for mental illness in people with psoriasis include the considerable impact that psoriasis has on people's quality of life, mainly related to how their skin looks and how this impacts on their lives. It is thought that the psychological burden in people with psoriasis may lead to elevated risk of self‐harm and suicide. This study, from the UK, examined this theory by comparing medical data from 56,961 people with psoriasis and 876,919 without. This data showed higher prevalence of alcohol misuse, bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety disorders, self‐harm, and psychotropic drug (for mental health) prescription in people with psoriasis. However, while there was a 15% increase in self‐harm risk in the psoriasis group versus the general population, the overall risk of suicide in people with psoriasis was 40% lower compared to peers without the condition. The risk of suicide varied according to age: it was 60% lower among individuals with psoriasis diagnosed at age 40 or over, compared to people without the disease of the same age group, whereas if the diagnosis occurred prior to age 40 years there was no difference in risk between the two groups. Healthcare professionals caring for patients with psoriasis should continue to monitor and tackle effectively the psychological needs of these individuals.


In terms of the need to increase the sustainability of growth in production, the level of food consumption in the region does not yet significantly reach the rational stand-ards of healthy nutrition, the sectoral features of the work of agricultural organizations producing fruit and vegetable products are highlighted and the need to take them into account in the system of state regulation of the development of the fruit and vegetable canning subcomplex of the region is shown. the basis of increasing the coherence of the socio-economic interests of producers and the state.


Synthetic chemistry of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots) has attracted substantial interest in recent years. A key concept for formation of nearly monodisperse nanocrystals, namely focusing of size distribution, was discovered upon studying the growth of high-quality CdSe quantum dots. This concept implies that if all nuclei are formed in the beginning and stop growing promptly, as triggered by a decrease in monomer concentration or lower reaction temperature, the subsequent growth process will focus the size distribution of the nanocrystals. This is so because the smaller nanocrystals should grow faster by consuming the residual dissolved monomer if the monomer concentration is higher than the solubility of all nanocrystals in the solution. The key feature of this method is the constant particle concentration during particle growth. Computer simulations revealed that the size distribution of nanocrystals could also be focused through Ostwald ripening, but the final size distribution would still be quite broad. Herein, we demonstrate that InAs nanocrystals with well-controlled size and size distribution can be formed by a special ripening process, called self-focusing of size distribution (in short, selffocusing). Different from traditional focusing of size distribution, the particle concentration decreases drastically in the growth process, and the monomers are driven from small nanocrystals to larger ones by interparticle diffusion, owing to solubility gradients between neighboring nanoparticles. An additional feature is that the temperature for self-focusing is much higher than the nucleation temperature. To our knowledge, this is the first time that interparticle diffusion and self-focusing have been purposely employed for the controlled synthesis of nanocrystals. High-quality InAs nanocrystals are likely the best candidates for quantum-dot emitters in the near infrared (NIR) window (700–1400 nm) among II–VI, III–V, and IV–VI semiconductor nanocrystals if Class A elements, such as Cd, Hg, and Pb, are excluded. NIR emitters are important for both in vivo biomedical imaging and telecommunications. Because of the extreme sensitivity of InAs nanocrystals to air oxidation and the large exciton size, such NIR emitters should be epitaxially coated with other types of wideband-gap semiconductors. Given the narrow bulk band gap of InAs (ca. 0.4 eV), core nanocrystals of this material for building core–shell nanocrystals that emit in NIR range should be smaller than roughly 3 nm. Experimental details are provided as Supporting Information; a brief procedure is as follows. A mixture of indium stearate (0.4 mm), trioctylphosphine (0.5 mL), and octadecene (ODE, 3.5 mL) was heated to 150 8C under an argon flow. As(Si(CH3)3)3 solution made in the glove box (ca. 0.1 mmol) was introduced into the reaction solution, and the reaction was held at 150 8C for a couple of minutes to convert all arsenic precursors to InAs nanoclusters. Subsequently, the reaction solution was heated to a desired temperature (up to 300 8C) for the growth of InAs nanocrystals with different sizes. Synthesis of III–V quantum dots has been a challenging task, 12,13–21] and their development lags substantially behind that of their II–VI and IV–VI analogues. The synthetic procedure described above was developed after our failed efforts to extend the recently developed synthetic scheme for InP nanocrystals to InAs. Comparing InAs quantum dots with those made of InP, initial efforts revealed that the more reactive precursor (As(Si(CH3)3)3 vs. P(Si(CH3)3)3) always generated small nanoclusters (less than 1 nm) with a fixed spectrum using the same synthetic scheme as for InP (see the Supporting Information, Figure 1S). Elimination of the activation reagent (fatty amine) and addition of free fatty acids as inhibitors still yielded magic-sized nanoclusters with two distinguishable and persistent absorption peaks at 420 and 460 nm (the first spectrum in all plots in the left panel of Figure 1). Interestingly, the particle concentration was found to decrease by adding free fatty acid to the reaction system. When the fatty acid concentration was high, some grayish deposition (likely arsenic metal) on the dry part of the reaction flask was observed. Similarly, at high reaction temperatures, the intensity of the two peaks at 420 and 460 nm decreased as the reaction temperature increased. Furthermore, the particle concentration did not increase by using excess indium stearate. Because of the high reactivity of the arsenic precursor, almost immediately after the reaction started, all molecular arsenic species would be consumed by either forming InAs nanoclusters or being decomposed (decomposition was accelerated by the presence of fatty acids and by high temperature). The direct consequence of this conclusion is [*] Dr. R. G. Xie, Prof. X. G. Peng Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 (USA) Fax: (+1)479-575-4049 E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com


We present an analysis of the effects of different information flow patterns on the growth of spatial structure in a broad class of systems. Examples are drawn from plant and message diffusion processes, the growth of herding in animal populations and, in particular, the evolution of cities in human populations. We model the actions of an "individual" as a response to gradients in a transformation of the "real" space, this transformation being the individual's information map of the space. Interesting deductions occur as a result of allowing the individual's information map to vary from extremely local to extremely global. In the city growth model for example, if migration decisions are based upon extremely local information, then the system is characterized by instability and the lack of any well-defined spatial structure. As the localness of this information map decreases, the system is characterized by the development of well defined spatial structure with a characteristic distance separating the "cities." In a particular case, we show that the wavelength of the dominant spatial structure is directly related to the size of an individual's information field. These effects are a consequence of interactions between individuals that arise from the nonlocalness of the information fields. We interpret the early growth stages in these models in terms of linear filters.


The authors performed a series of hepatic function tests (bromsulfalein test, serum cobalt reaction and hippuric acid test) in 136 hospitalized patients with diabetes mellitus, and obtained the following results : (1) Considerable percentage of those studied were found to have evidence of liver dysfunction as is reported by several other authors, but hardly found a close relationship between liver dysfunction and clinical state of diabetes, namely, blood suger curve after administration of glucose, age, body weight, insulin sensitivity and duration of diabetes. (2) The incidence of hepatic dysfunction seemed to increase slightly in diabetic patients wtih hypertension.


Electronystagmography (ENG) instrumentation records eye movements by measuring the change provided through the corneal-retinal potential. The eye is positively charged at the front (cornea) and negatively charged at the back (retina). As the eye moves horizontally or vertically in its socket, this change in charge is measured at the electrodes and recorded. The corneal-retinal potential varies greatly from individual to individual but in general measures approximately 1 to 6 μV and is recorded from electrodes placed either vertically or horizontally to the eye. The corneal-retinal potential is thought by most authorities to be the major potential measured in ENG techniques. There is some doubt as to the contribution of ocular muscles to the ENG recording. The muscles surrounding the eye are responsible for eyelid movement and thus these movements result in artifacts. The muscles that move the eye in its socket, however, may contribute to the ENG recording. Under normal clinical circumstances, it is assumed that the major electrical potential contributing to the ENG recording is from the corneal-retinal potential. Of importance in recording eye movements, however, is an awareness of potential artifacts. The corneal-retinal potential is infinitely smaller than the electrical potentials generated by muscles. The greater voltage associated with eye muscle movement creates bothersome artifacts associated with random eye movement. In situations in which only a single channel recorder is being used to measure horizontal eye movements, artifacts from eyelid and supraocular muscles can be of serious concern, since they will often look like nystagmoid movements as they are recorded. If, however, a two-channel recorder is being used, the muscle potentials associated with eyelid and forehead movements are readily seen as high amplitude pen excursions on the vertical channel. In this man-


PURPOSE
Radioactive atoms attached to monoclonal antibodies are used in radioimmunotherapy to treat cancer while limiting radiation to healthy tissues. One limitation of this method is that only one radioactive atom is linked to each antibody and the deposited dose is often insufficient to eradicate solid and radioresistant tumors. In a previous study, simulations with the Monte Carlo N-Particle eXtended code showed that physical doses up to 50 Gy can be delivered inside tumors by replacing the single radionuclide by a radioactive nanoparticle of 5 nm diameter containing hundreds of radioactive atoms. However, tumoral and normal tissues are not equally sensitive to radiation, and previous works did not take account the biological effects such as cellular repair processes or the presence of less radiosensitive cells such as hypoxic cells.

METHODS
The idea is to adapt the linear-quadratic expression to the tumor model and to determine biological effective doses (BEDs) delivered through and around a tumor. This BED is then incorporated into a Poisson formula to determine the shell control probability (SCP) which predicts the cell cluster-killing efficiency at different distances "r" from the center of the tumor. BED and SCP models are used to analyze the advantages of injecting radioactive nanoparticles instead of a single radionuclide per vector in radioimmunotherapy.

RESULTS
Calculations of BED and SCP for different distances r from the center of a solid tumor, using the non-small-cell lung cancer as an example, were investigated for 90Y2O3 nanoparticles. With a total activity of about 3.5 and 20 MBq for tumor radii of 0.5 and 1.0 cm, respectively, results show that a very high BED is deposited in the well oxygenated part of the spherical carcinoma.

CONCLUSIONS
For either small or large solid tumors, BED and SCP calculations highlight the important benefit in replacing the single beta-emitter 90Y attached to each antibody by a 90Y2O3 nanoparticle.


: Recent advances in molecular biology techniques have opened the door for culture-independent diagnostic methods. Immunological detection and identification by use of distinctive metabolites and nucleic acid probes are the tools most often used for diagnosis. One such technique is PCR, which has been shown to be useful for the culture-independent diagnosis of various microbial infections. Sequence similarity tools, such as BLAST, seek sequences most similar to a query from a database of sequences. They return results significantly similar to the query sequence and that are typically highly similar to each other. Most sequence analysis tasks in bioinformatics require an exploratory approach, where the initial results guide the user to new searches. However, diversity has not yet been considered an integral component of sequence search tools for this discipline. We evaluate the effectiveness of the targeted sequence with its similarity by BLAST results. It has been demonstrated that the utility of dendrograms at representing the essential features of the hierarchical structure of the isosurfaces for molecular line data cubes. The conclusions from this study were obtained by analyzing the gene sequence from the molecular analysis through different sequence analyzer and techniques.


Children with intellectual disability across the world are facing several issues. In most situations, they have problems in motor activities such as sitting, lying, walking, jumping and crawling. Many therapies have been researched for improving the quality of life of these children. Sensory integration therapy (SIT) is one of the many therapeutic modalities used for promoting motor activity in these children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of SIT on motor activity amongst children with intellectual disability. A randomised control trial design was adopted for the study. Sixty children who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected and randomly allocated to the experimental and control groups. A structured observational checklist for motor activity assessment was used to collect the data and analysed using SPSS software version 17. The results of the study revealed a significant improvement (P < 0.01) in the level of motor activity amongst children in the experimental group after SIT. SIT is found to be effective in improving the motor activity of children with intellectual disability. However, the study can be replicated with large samples to enable generalisation of findings.


Purpose

Riding on the wave of intelligent transportation systems, the vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is becoming a popular research topic. VANET is designed to build an environment where the vehicles can exchange information about the traffic conditions or vehicle situation to help the vehicles avoid traffic accidents or traffic jams. In order to keep the privacy of vehicles, the vehicles must be anonymous and the routing must be untraceable while still being able to be verified as legal entities. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

The exchanged messages must be authenticated to be genuine and verified that they were sent by a legal vehicle. The vehicles also can mutually trust and communicate confidentially. In VANETs, road-side units (RSUs) are installed to help the vehicles to obtain message authentication or communicate confidentially. However, the coverage of RSUs is limited due to the high cost of wide area installation. Therefore the vehicles must be able to obtain message authentication by themselves – without an RSU.

Findings

The authors take the concept of random key pre-distribution used in wireless sensor networks, modify it into a random secret pre-distribution, and integrate it with identity-based cryptography to make anonymous message authentication and private communication easier and safer. The authors construct a two-tier structure. The tier 1, trust authority, assigns n anonymous identities and embeds n secrets into these identities to be the private secret keys for the tier 2, registered vehicles. At any time, the vehicles can randomly choose one of n anonymous identities to obtain message authentication or communicate confidentially with other vehicles.

Originality/value

The processes of building neighbor set, setting pairing value, and message authenticating are proposed in this paper. The proposed method can protect against the attacks of compromising, masquerading, forging, and replying, and can also achieve the security requirements of VANET in message authentication, confidential communication, anonymity, and un-traceability. The performance of the proposed method is superior to the related works.


Acknowledgments Introduction: The Social Science Wars Social Science Wars I Social Science Wars II Debating the Foundations of Political Science Sciences of Uncertainty I: Science Turned Upside Down Philosophy, Foundationalism, and Linguistic Pragmatism Rorty's View of Natural Science Conclusion II: In Defense of Disunity Pragmatic Naturalism and the Social Sciences Hermeneutics Revisited Conclusion III: The Politics of Redescription Redescription Applied Contingency, Self-Creation, and Change Redescription and Politics Conclusion IV: Reclaiming the Language of Emancipation Roy Bhaskar's Critical Realism Critical Realism as a Philosophy for the Sciences Critical Naturalism, and the Stakes of Social Inquiry Ontology, Causation, and Social Criticism, and Social Criticism Conclusion V: Sciences that Disturb Pierre Bourdieu's 'Fieldwork in Philosophy' From the Practice of Theory to the Theory of Practice Ordinary Violences Conclusion Conclusion: Pluralism, Power, Perestroika, and Political Inquiry Perestroika and Methodological Pluralism Hegemonic Political Science and Methodological Monism The Contest of Methodological Disunity Revitalizing Political Inquiry Notes Index


Recently, we proposed a novel differential encoder for non-constant energy signals, by a look-up table instead of a rule. In this paper, we present further research results on this subject. We first propose a new bit-assigning algorithm and some constellations maximizing minimum noncoherent distance. Then we show that differential encoding by a table is equivalent to differential encoding by a trellis, so we use the Viterbi algorithm at the differential detector to improve the error performance. A theorem about the sufficient number of states for various modulations is proposed. Finally, we extend the proposed differential encoding and detection to differential space-time modulation (DSTM). We propose a new definition of DSTM, by which the transmitted block is determined according to the previously transmitted block and current data bits. The encoding table that determines the transmitted block can be optimized. We also propose a theorem to reduce the number of states of the decoding trellis. The proposed DSTM has satisfactory error performance without constellation expansion.


The demands of the rural recreational market have increased in recent years. Taiwan's rural area is also a popular travel destination for inbound tourists. Taiwan's recreational farms are the destinations that best represent the rural recreational experience. Taiwan's recreational agriculture association data show that Taiwan had 377 legal recreational farms in the year 2014. However, recreational farms face an area of management difficulty: how to achieve a fixed flow of human resources management. Hence, this study aimed to explore the optimal human resources in recreational farms by using system dynamics theory and modeling the financial, tourism and human resources subsystems as the decision making supports. Vensim 5.2 for Windows (Ventana Systems, Inc., 2012) was used as a research tool to test and verify two recreational farms in Taiwan as empirical cases. The results were used as the basis of the human resources requirements for recreational farm.


Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are the preferred producers because of their capacity to perform proper protein folding, assembly, and post‐translational modifications, similar to human cells. When CHO cells are used to produce recombinant drug proteins, it is critical to maintain stable subculture of transgenic CHO cells and high expression levels of target genes when the recombinant expression seed cell bank is expanded to a large scale bioreactor. However, at present, the instability of recombinant protein expression during prolonged culture is one of the most common bottlenecks in mammalian protein production restricting the development of CHO cell expression system. It is believed that the instability of transgene expression in CHO cells is closely related to DNA methylation. DNA methylation was mainly catalyzed by the de novo methyltransferase Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b and DNA methylsustaining‐enzyme Dnmt1. DNA methyltransferase Dnmt3a and 3b play an important role in gene silencing induced by epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation. It has been found that epigenetic modification mediated by Dnmt3b is more closely related to gene expression regulation. Therefore, in this paper, Dnmt3b gene‐deficient CHO cells were established through knock out of the Dnmt3b gene by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology. Furthermore, the stability and efficiency of the expression system based on the Dnmt3b KO CHO cells were evaluated by determining the expression levels of the recombinant proteins. The results indicated that the long‐term stability of the green fluorescent reporter gene EGFP in the transfected Dnmt3b KO CHO cells over 30 passages increased regardless of the presence or absence of G418, compared with the normal transfected CHO cells. We also found that the expression of recombinant human‐vitronectin(VN) and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in the stable cell pools of the transgenic Dnmt3b KO CHO cells were at least 1.6 folds higher than those of the normal CHO cells. Under the condition of not increasing the cost of culture, it is beneficial to the screening of high yielding cells and industrial production. The findings indicated that the Dnmt3b‐deficient CHO cells could significantly improve the stability of target gene expression, which provide theoretical significance and application value for developing novel effective and stable CHO cell expression system.


Chronic demyelination is theorized to contribute to neurodegeneration and drive progressive disability in demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis. Here, we describe two genetic mouse models of inducible demyelination, one distinguished by effective remyelination, and the other by remyelination failure and persistent demyelination. By comparing these two models, we find that remyelination protects neurons from apoptosis, improves conduction, and promotes functional recovery. Chronic demyelination of neurons leads to activation of the mitogen-associated protein kinase (MAPK) stress pathway downstream of dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK), which ultimately induces the phosphorylation of c-Jun in the nucleus. Both pharmacological inhibition and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated disruption of DLK block c-Jun phosphorylation and the apoptosis of demyelinated neurons. These findings provide direct experimental evidence that remyelination is neuroprotective and identify DLK inhibition as a potential therapeutic strategy to protect chronically demyelinated neurons. Highlights Characterization of a mouse model of demyelination without subsequent remyelination Remyelination protects neurons from axonal damage and apoptosis MAPK and c-Jun phosphorylation are increased during remyelination failure DLK is necessary for the apoptosis of chronically demyelinated neurons


The landfill leachate from Waste-to-Energy Plant can be efficiently treated by Membrane Bio-reactor(MBR) process.The MBR plant consists of the equipment of biology and ultrafiltration(UF) system,The biological zone consists of the bioreactors,where the organic material and NH3-N are biodegraded in the presence of oxygen.The wastewater permeation leaving the ultrafiltration plant will be pumped to the sewer.The inlet concentration of leachate is CODCr 65 000mg·L-1,NH3-N 1 200mg·L-1;the outlet of UF has reached the Standard for Pollution Control on the Landfill Site hr Domestic Waste(GB16889-1997) third-class and second-class standard(ρ(CODCr)≤800mg·L-1、ρ(NH3-N)≤25mg·L-1) respectively.


The delay time of discharge triggered by a laser-produced plasma is investigated in a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen. When oxygen exists in the mixture, the delay time of discharge has two styles of "late discharge" and "early discharge". The delay time of "late discharge" agrees with the transit time of oxygen negative ions between electrodes. The delay time of "early discharge" approaches the transit time of electrons between electrodes as the applied voltage between the electrodes increases. There exists a threshold voltage at which the delay time leaps from "late discharge" to "early discharge". Calculation of the electron detachment cross section reveals that the leap of the delay time is caused by changing of negative particle triggering discharge from oxygen negative ions to electrons due to an increase in electron detachment as the applied voltage becomes higher.


Joint Operating Body Pertamina-PetroChina East Java (JOB P-PEJ) Tuban
Jawa Timur is a one of oil and gas industries, it has process production which
separates crude oil in to oil phase, gas phase, and water phase. This industry uses
machines that make a noise which exceeds the limit point (NAB) 85 dB(A) and the
industry has a hearing conservation program. Every year, the industry has
audiometric test program to employees. Statistical analytic hasn't been done by them,
especially in correlation the age and the exposured periode with hearing capability.
Therefore, the goal this research is to know correlation the age and exposured periode
with auditory threshold of employees.
This research is a explanatory research with cross sectional approach. The
population of the research is all of employees in production unit Central Processing
Area which is amount 37 persons. By using purposive sampling technique, there are
35 persons as subjects. Datas are shown in to age and exposured periode distribution
frequency table and it is processed by Pearson Product Moment analytic test.
The result for analytic test in correlation the age with auditory threshold
shows "r" value=0.749 (r= 0.51-0.75) and "p" value=0.000 (p≤0.01). It means that
there is a correlation the age with auditory threshold on strong correlation. The result
for analytic test in correlation the exposure periode with auditory threshold shows "r"
value=0.635 (r= 0.51-0.75) and "p" value=0.000 (p≤0.01). It means that there is a
correlation the exposured periode with auditory threshold on strong correlation. The
increasing of age and exposured periode, it is followed by the increasing of auditory
threshold. It means that the hearing capability decreases because of age and
exposured periode.
From this research, it can be concluded that there is a correlation the age and
exposured periode with hearing capability base on audiometric test result of
employees in Production Unit JOB P-PEJ. For suggestion, JOB P-PEJ should make a
statistical analytic after they had done audiometric test to employees. It used for next
evaluation how the result of audiometric test is.
Keywords : Age, Exposured Periode, Audiometric Test, Threshold Auditory


Background: Transhiatal esophagectomy (THE) has been gaining popularity for the past two and a half decades. In 1978 Orringer and Sloan renewed interest in this procedure, presenting it as an alternative approach to the more traditional transthoracic esophagectomy. This is done without a thoracotomy and the physiologic impact on the body is minimized, resulting in decreased morbidity and mortality rates. Patients and methods: this is retrospective and prospective study include total number of 93 patients underwent surgical esophagectomy for different reasons during period of time from December 2003 until


A cross-sectional sample of a silicon-metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor, which was directly cut from an integrated circuit wafer, has been prepared carefully using a focused-ion-beam technique and examined by means of off-axis electron holography. In the reconstructed phase image, heavily doped source, and drain regions are revealed clearly as bright contrast, from which an n-channel transistor is identified. In addition, two-dimensional phase distributions around both source and drain regions show a core area with relatively high phase in the heavily doped region, which may be attributed to the effect of doping atoms and residual defects and strains remaining after implantation. The electrostatic potentials across the core area and depletion layer are estimated and discussed. This work demonstrates the feasibility of using a focused-ion-beam technique to prepare electron holographic sections of a wide range of semiconductor devices.


While realizing a task, human-beings are able to use grasping inside their environment in order to keep the most stable balance. Although such a behavior is quite natural for humans, it is very difficult to find the best formulation to adapt human motion to humanoid robots. This paper proposes a conceptually simple framework of human posture control based on optimization which takes into account grasp and friction and achieves robustness against external disturbances. A new stability criteria is also introduced. Contrary to most other approaches, our method deals not only with unilateral contacts with friction but also with bilateral grasps. This allows for arbitrarily pulling, pushing or twisting on a handhold. Additionally, and in contrast to classical methods based on ZMP, our method also accounts for contacts not being all in the same plane.


RAS GTPases are important mediators of oncogenesis with nearly 20% of human tumors harboring mutant RAS proteins. However, pharmacological inhibition of RAS has proven challenging. We have employed Monobody technology to discover novel vulnerabilities in RAS that can be exploited to inhibit RAS signaling and tumorigenesis. Monobodies are single-domain synthetic binding proteins that achieve levels of affinity and selectivity similar to antibodies. In contrast to antibodies, Monobodies are fully functional in the reducing environment of the cytoplasm and thus are particularly suitable as genetically encoded "tool biologics". We previously developed the NS1 Monobody that inhibited RAS by targeting the α4-α5 allosteric lobe to prevent RAS self-association and nanoclustering, and NS1 has become a widely used tool in the RAS research community. Following on this success, we sought to identify additional vulnerabilities in RAS. Based on our discovery that nucleotide-free RAS (apoRAS) inhibits PIK3C2B function, we assessed the feasibility of selectively targeting this state of RAS as an approach to inhibit RAS. Here, we have developed several Monobodies and extensively characterized one of them, R15. Although NS1 was agnostic to the nucleotide state of RAS, R15 bound exclusively to the apo state of all three RAS isoforms but did not interact with nucleotide-loaded RAS. When expressed in cells, R15 inhibited the signaling and transforming activity of RAS mutants with elevated intrinsic nucleotide exchange rates (i.e., "fast exchange mutants"), such as G13D and Q61L, but was ineffective against slow exchange mutants such as G12V. Surprisingly, R15 also bound and inhibited RAS(G12D), the most common oncogenic KRAS mutation in pancreatic cancer. Biochemical studies demonstrated that R15 captured RAS from cell lysates in the nucleotide-free state, suggesting that R15 traps apoRAS and prevents nucleotide reloading. Disruption of SOS binding by mutation of D69N further enhanced R15 binding to these fast exchange RAS mutants. Finally, inducible expression of R15 selectively inhibited the tumor forming capacity of tumor lines and patient derived xenografts driven by fast exchange RAS mutants, including RAS(G12D), but not RAS(G12V). Thus, in contrast to conventional wisdom, our approach has established a new opportunity to selectively inhibit the tumorigenic activity of certain RAS mutants by targeting the apo state of RAS with drug-like molecules. Citation Format: Imran Khan, Akiko Koide, Mariyam Zuberi, Eric Denbaum, Gayatari Ketavar, Kai-Wen Teng, Matthew Rhett, Russell Sepncer-Smith, Ernest R. Camp, Shohei Koide, John O'Bryan. Inhibition of RAS signaling and tumorigenesis through novel targeting novel vulnerabilities [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Virtual Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer; 2020 Sep 29-30. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(22 Suppl):Abstract nr PO-064.


The purpose of this paper is to discuss techniques developed in a study undertaken in Queensland to determine the effect of unsignalized intersection geometry on accident rates. This paper discusses four problems identified with using a multi-factor approach and discusses numerous techniques to mitigate these problems. Application of the techniques has resulted in numerous relationships being identified between unsignalized intersection geometry and accident rates. This approach was chosen because numerous studies in the literature review that identified opposite relationships to that expected used a multi-factor approach. This study used a multi-factor approach, which considers simultaneously the effects of many factors on the incidence of accidents. By undertaking a study using this approach, reasons for the previous results could potentially be identified and new techniques developed.


The Long Life Family Study (LLFS), funded by the National Institute on Aging, is an international collaborative study of the genetics and familial components of exceptional longevity and healthy aging. We phenotyped 4,953 individuals from 539 two-generational families (1,727 proband; 3,226 offspring) at baseline (2006-2009). A second visit (2014-2017) was conducted for 2,904 (478 proband; 2,426 offspring) participants. The longitudinal, comprehensive in-person visits measured domains of healthy aging, including physical performance, cognition, and blood markers. Extensive genetic analyses were performed using the baseline blood draw, including genotyping with the Illumina 2.5M Human Omni array, linkage analyses with the families, whole genome sequencing using the TopMED protocol, and metabolomic assays. Collectively, this symposium will present novel findings that elucidate new potential genes and genetic interactions, investigate metabolomics profiles among APOE4 carriers, and refine phenotypic cognition definitions. Specifically, Dr. Santanasto will share results flanking the mesothelin gene associated with longitudinal gait speed. Then, Dr. An will share his findings of a new intronic variant in PKD1L2 gene associated with adiponectin, a marker of insulin resistance. Next, Dr. Arbeev will discuss genetic interactions between candidate genes for physiologic dysregulation and candidate genes for Alzheimer's disease (AD, UNC5C gene). Ms. Yao will examine metabolomic profile differences between APOE4 carriers who develop AD and those who do not. Lastly, Mr. Xiang will introduce a method for combining multiple cognitive tests into a more sensitive overall cognitive score. As Discussant, Dr. Evan Hadley will share insights and propose future directions for LLFS.


Objective To assess whether the Couinaud's segmengtation of the liver in transaxial imaging is an accurate indicator of hepatic segment with 16-slice spiral CT hepatic portography and venography.Methods One hundred healthy subjects underwent 16-slice spiral CT hepatic portography and venography.Three-dimensional maximum intensity projection(MIP) and volume rendering(VR) of the portal and hepatic venous structures were created.The portal and hepatic vein branches were observed and the relationship between portal and hepatic veins was evaluated with tracking the branches of portal vein.Results Segmental branches of portal vein supplied correspondingly hepatic segment,and hepatic vein and its branches located between adjacent hepatic segments.Branches of portal vein could cross the adjacent hepatic vein.The boundaries of hepatic segments were not simple straight lines or flat planes.Conclusion Couinaud's segmengtation of the liver in transaxial imaging has limitations.Three-dimension(3D) angiography of portal and hepatic venous systems can be applied to divide hepatic segment accurately.Hepatic segment analyzed by tracking the branches of portal vein is of more clinical value.


Accurate predictions of the properties of interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME)‐driven disturbances are a key objective for space weather forecasts. The ICME's time of arrival (ToA) at Earth is an important parameter, and one that is amenable to a variety of modeling approaches. Previous studies suggest that the best models can predict the arrival time to within an absolute uncertainty of 10–15 h. Here, we investigate the main sources of uncertainty in predicting a CME's ToA at Earth. These can be broken into two main categories: (a) the initial properties of the ejecta, including its speed, mass, and direction of propagation and (b) the properties of the ambient solar wind into which it propagates. To estimate the relative contribution to ToA uncertainties, we construct a set of numerical experiments of cone‐model CMEs, where we vary the initial speed, mass, and direction at the inner radial boundary. Additionally, we build an ensemble of 12 ambient solar wind solutions using realizations from the ADAPT model. We find that each component in the chain contributes between ±2.5 and ±7 h of uncertainty to the estimate of the CME's ToA. Importantly, different realizations of the synoptic produce the largest uncertainties. This suggests that estimates of ToA will continue to be plagued with intrinsic uncertainties of ±10 h until tighter constraints can be found for these boundary conditions. Our results suggest that there are clear benefits to focused investigations aimed at reducing the uncertainties in CME speed, mass, direction, and input boundary magnetic fields.


The causal index method is one of the most applied techniques in extracting meaning from neural networks. We have derived a measure of the significance coefficients for input variables using the weight distribution in the first layer of back-propagation trained multi-layer perceptrons, called hidden indexes which we compare to causal indexes. We have also studied finding a degree of importance for each input value depending on its coefficient in a system equation represented as in a multivariate linear regression model, by passing the weight matrix of a trained network to another network. This is an analyser neural network.


I am honored to receive the Association for Evolutionary Economics Veblen-Commons Award. It goes without saying that Thorstein Veblen and John R. Commons are among the economists whom I most revere, as do we all. To receive the award that bears their names is far beyond any expectations that I ever have held. To receive it from the Association for Evolutionary Economics, a group to which I feel greater loyalty and allegiance than any other, magnifies that feeling. There is no greater tribute than the regard of one's peers. I will treasure this award always. As I note the names of the persons who preceded me in receipt of this honor I must, however, admit to certain discomfiture. It was unlikely on many grounds that I would ever be a member of so distinguished a group. I will treat only one of those grounds. It truthfully may be said that my entire career in economics was something of an accident, shaped by two occurrences, neither of which I had any hand in planning. Accident Number One: Little did I dream when as a college freshman I found my way, entirely by happenstance, into one of multiple sections of a course called "Problems of Modern Society" that my life would be changed forever. Members of the faculty from the various social sciences at the University of Denver taught different sections of this course. It is my recollection that I was taking the course as a means of fulfilling basic requirements. I don't remember why it was that I registered for that particular section-possibly because it was held at a convenient time. The section that I registered for was to be taught by an economist. His name was J. Fagg Foster. Not fifteen minutes into Fagg's first lecture, I was asking myself-"This is economics?" Of course, as a college freshman I had no way of knowing that many, especially many professional economists, did not think that it was. Perhaps sociology, possibly philosophy, but surely not economics. I doubt that if that fact had been known to me at the time it would have made much difference. What I heard from this professor on that first and subsequent days, and stretching into years, opened for me a new world of ideas. It seemed to me to go a


Well characterized poly[bis(p-methoxyphenoxy)phosphazene] (PB(4-MeO)PP) has been investigated employing X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The DSC heating scan of the original PB(4-MeO)PP specimen exhibits one exotherm at 110°C and two endotherms at 106°C and 126°C, respectively. Only a single endotherm at 131°C appears on the second heating. X-ray diffraction measurements at elevated temperature reveal that PB(4-MeO)PP crystal is monoclinic (β-form) with unit cell dimensions a = 2,47 nm, b = 1,98 nm, c = 0,983 nm and y = 102° in the range of 106–126°C. Initially PB(4-MeO)PP specimens are observed to be orthorhombic (α-form) with a = 2,39 nm, b = 1,79 nm and c = 0,983 nm. The crystal transforms at 106°C and then changes into the β-form at 110°C according to DSC measurements. At 126°C the β-form crystal changes into a mesophase with an intermolecular distance of 1,44 nm at 150°C. The 3-dimensional orthorhombic γ-form with a = 2,21 nm, b = 2,01 nm and c = 0,963 nm is found at room temperature after specimens are cooled through T(1) = 126°C from the mesophase.


Cardioversion was employed in 33 episodes of supraventricular tachycardia in 25 patients. Of these, 18 were episodes of paroxysmal atrial tachycardia with block and the remainder were atrial, junctional, and undefined supraventricular tachycardias. Cardioversion was successful in restoring sinus rhythm in 23 (70%). A major problem was to identify when digitalis intoxication was the cause of the supraventricular mechanism. By progressive titration of the shock energy, it was possible to determine the presence of digitalis intoxication. This was manifested by emergence of ventricular ectopic beats and acceleration in atrial rate. The use of lidocaine abolished the ventricular extrasystoles. Of the 10 patients failing to revert, seven had digitalis toxic arrhythmias. No complications were encountered.


Excerpt To the editor: An article (1) and a recent letter (2) have emphasized both the usefulness of naloxone in the treatment of acute alcohol intoxication and our poor understanding of how this o...


The utility model relates to a coaxial line stripping machine which comprises a machine foundation, a knife blade group with one end based on a fixed block that is rotatablely fixed on the machine foundation table board, an adjustable positioning pin that is positioned at one side of the knife blade group for convenient limiting the coaxial line end part, a tight clamping mechanism that crosses through and tightly clamps the coaxial line, and a rotation driving mechanism that drives the rotation of the tight clamping mechanism. Wherein, based on a stretching spring, the middle part of the knife blade group is connected with the table board, the knife group is made up of a plurality of knife blade shelves that are arranged side by side and a plurality of knife blades that are respectively fixed on a plurality of knife blade shelves. The tight clamping mechanism comprises a blocking plate and a fixing seat that are positioned at the other side of the knife blade group which are opposite to the positioning pin and fixed in line on the table board. Based on the opposite positioning pin, the rotation driving mechanism comprises a rotation gear wheel that is fixed on the fixing seat, a transition gear wheel that is joggled with the rotation gear wheel and a stepping motor that is joggled with the transition gear wheel and is fixed inside the machine foundation. After fixing the knife blade group of a cable stripping device according to the different cable types, super small layers of the cables with a plurality of layers can be cabled stripped by using the cable stripping device.


A mode equation is derived for surface wave propagation along a rectangular bonded wire mesh over a lossy half space. The mode equation is solved numerically for the complex propagation constant of the surface wave. For a sufficiently small mesh size, the attenuation rate of this surface wave is considerably less than that of the Zenneck surface wave for an isolated half space or homogeneous ground.


RATIO TEMPORUM
(The Prophet Daniel and Hungarian Historiography)

The study discusses time schemes of Early Modern historiography and their Hungarian reception. The structuring of time – should it be based on linear or cyclical progression with rising and declining periods added or perhaps the combination of the two in an organic model – is of utmost importance: it provides the deep structure of historical writings, affects the choice of sources and helps define the limits of investigation as regards both time and space. Nonetheless, in actual historical narratives this understanding of time, however seminal it might be, is hardly ever explicit, mostly remains hidden. In case of a modern historical work it is the relevant contemporary philosophical (mostly historico-philosophical) works that establish the framework for historical investigation. What concerns Early Modern times, however, it is contemporary theological theories and trends as well as denominational dogmatic differences in the interpretation of the Scripture that provide the contextual clues to an author's understanding and treatment of time. In this regard the reception of the Book of Daniel has assumed special importance. The most discussed question of Early Modern Daniel commentaries was whether the events in the Book of Daniel should be attached unique historical significance, or whether the prophecies of Chapters 2 and 7 could be applied to the times after Christ or to the postbiblical period, i.e. the times of the commentaries. The two different readings (by Luther, Melancthon and Sleidan, and Calvin and Bodin respectively) can be be seen as the matrixes of modern historical thinking; they offer two different ways of structuring time, of ratio temporum. The latter, allowing of the further application of prophecies, offers a strong interpretation, a fixed, clear vision, and at the same time opens up world-historical horizons; the former leaves the reader to his own devices, its present and future appear as a space open to all kinds of possibilities, its relative lack of interpretive tools allows for imprecise predictions, and world history can only be dimly perceived heuristically, by examining and comparing the roles particular nations play in God's plan of salvation (which nation when and for how long is the "chosen one"). By adding this element of uncertainty this conception has proved to be the most direct route to our modern mainstream understanding of history, which, however, does not mean that the stronger interpretive trend has no modernist followers. The study discusses this turn brought about by the teachings of Calvin and Bodin in Hungary, by examining Janos Kecskemeti Alexis' commentaries on the Book of Daniel, written in the form of sermons around 1609. It claims that the immediate source of the Hungarian preacher's work is In Danielem prophetam ... commentarius, the Daniel commentary written by Amandus Polanus, a Ramist theologian from Basel in 1599. The life of Kecskemeti Alexis' work also serves as an example for how authorial intentions can be overridden by the interpretation of subsequent generations: the Daniel commentary was introduced by its first publisher (Margittai Peter, 1621) as a work propagating the "four monarchies" theory, and its author has been considered a representative of the Wittenberg school of historical thinking. Furthermore, the lessons drawn from the history of the book's reception can have wider implications as well, since the rivalry between the two schools of thought still exists, both in the realm of public history and historiography.


study, the statistical analysis, the protocol, the of the and the literature searches. field work managed the analyses of the study. ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine the perception and practice of Organic Farming (OF) by secondary school Agricultural Science teachers in Ahoada East Local Government of Rivers State, Nigeria. A descriptive design with a structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Ten out


Mere exposure, generally, entails influences of familiarity manipulations on affective dependent variables. Previously (Phaf & Rotteveel, 2005), we have argued that familiarity corresponds intrinsically to positive affect, and have extended the correspondence to novelty and negative affect. Here, we present two experiments that show reverse effects of affective manipulations on perceived familiarity. In Experiment 1 affectively valenced exteroceptive cues of approach and avoidance (e.g., apparent movement) modulated recognition bias of neutral targets. This finding suggests that our correspondence hypotheses can be generalised to an important aspect of emotion, namely approach and avoidance tendencies. In Experiment 2 participants' emotional mood was manipulated within the Jacoby–Whitehouse paradigm and a pattern of results was obtained as if consciousness was manipulated. We interpret the latter results within the affective modulation framework (AMF), which postulates facilitation of nonconscious processing by positive affect and an enhancement of conscious processing by negative affect.


Background: Actins are structural components of the cytoskeleton and muscle, and numerous actin isoforms are found in most organisms. However, many actin isoforms are expressed in distinct patterns allowing each actin to have a specialized function. Numerous studies have demonstrated that actin isoforms both can and cannot compensate for each other under specific circumstances. This allows for an ambiguity of whether isoforms are functionally distinct. Results: In this study, we analyzed mutants of Drosophila Act79B, the predominant actin expressed in the adult jump muscle. Functional and structural analysis of the Act79B mutants found the flies to have normal jumping ability and sarcomere structure. Analysis of actin gene expression determined that expression of Act88F, an actin gene normally expressed in the flight muscles, was significantly up‐regulated in the jump muscles of mutants. This indicated that loss of Act79B caused expansion of Act88F expression. When we created double mutants of Act79B and Act88F, this abolished the jump ability of the flies and resulted in severe defects in myofibril formation. Conclusions: These results indicate that Act88F can functionally substitute for Act79B in the jump muscle, and that the functional compensation in actin expression in the jump muscles only occurs through Act88F. Developmental Dynamics 247:642–649, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


We develop an information-theoretic model to explain and predict the coding gains of the incre- mental redundancy over the Chase combining scheme. From this analysis, we identify a new approach to im- prove the spectral efficiency of the conventional in- cremental redundancy scheme, which uses the same modulation and coding formats and, most notably, the same amounts of channel resources for retransmissions as those for the initial transmissions. Depending on the relative channel conditions between the transmissions, fewer incremental redundant bits than those employed in the first transmission might be enough to guaran- tee high probability of successful decoding. Hence, we propose a new scheme that adapts the modulation and coding formats according to simple feedback informa- tion to minimize unnecessary channel usage. Our sim- ulation results demonstrate system throughput gains up to 25% in certain conditions can be achieved by the proposed scheme without modifying the existing WCDMA specifications.


This publication looks at the history of the establishment and subsequent development of Helen Springs Station. It is the story of the difficulties and problems encountered by those who chose to live and work in the challenging environment of the Northern Territory cattle country.


Padang City is the capital city of West Sumatra Province which is located on the west coast of the island of Sumatra which is generally associated with tectonic earthquakes. This condition causes the city of Padang to become a disaster-prone area, one of which is land surface changes. The earthquake that occurred caused shocks to the rock and soil layers, causing water below the earth's surface to come out and resulting in changes to the soil surface. Besides, changes in soil surface are also caused by several things, including excessive groundwater extraction and soil type factors. To reduce the bad impacts, it is necessary to monitor the ground surface and to reduce the risk of a disaster. In a broad scope, the use of SAR imagery using the DinSAR method can monitor changes in the land surface in the city of Padang. The data used were Sentinel -1A imagery based on 3 earthquakes with a strength of more than 5 magnitudes centered on the Mentawai Islands, on September 8, 19, and 21 October 2020. From this research, the results obtained from the earthquake 8 September 2020 with satellite recording data 28 August (slave) and September 9, 2020 (master), there was land subsidence with a range of 0 - 25 mm along the coast of Padang City. The 19 and 21 October 2020 earthquakes with satellite recording data of 27 October 2020 (slave) and 15 October 2020 (master) obtained almost even surface subsidence with a range of 0 - 40 mm throughout the residential area of Padang City.


Considering the importance that represents the study of identities processes involved in the development of social protests, the present article sets two objectives. On the one hand, to make visible the main difficulties of the study above-mentioned from the point of view proposed by North-American theories. And, on the other hand, to identify the contributions of the hegemony theory elaborated by Ernesto Laclau for the analysis of the social protest. In this way, the intention  is to show the potentialities of the latter perspective in relation to the theories considered dominant in the field of study of collective action.


Glucocorticoid (GC) resistance is a continuing clinical problem in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. A proteomic approach was used to compare profiles of the B‐lineage ALL GC‐sensitive cell line, PreB 697, and its GC‐resistant sub‐line, R3F9, pre‐ and post‐dexamethasone exposure. PAX5, a transcription factor critical to B‐cell development was differentially regulated in the PreB 697 compared to the R3F9 cell line in response to GC. PAX5 basal protein expression was less in R3F9 compared to its GC‐sensitive parent and confirmed to be lower in other GC‐resistant sub‐lines of Pre B 697 and was associated with a decreased expression of the PAX5 transcriptional target, CD19. Gene set enrichment analysis showed that increasing GC‐resistance was associated with differentiation from preB‐II to an immature B‐lymphocyte stage. GC‐resistant sub‐lines were shown to have higher levels of phosphorylated JNK compared to the parent line and JNK inhibition caused re‐sensitization to GC. Exploiting this maturation may be key to overcoming GC resistance and targeting signalling pathways linked to the maturation state, such as JNK, may be a novel approach.


In the present study, we used the FORTH deterministic spectral Radiation Transfer Model (RTM) to estimate detailed three-dimensional distributions of the Direct Radiative Effects (DREs) and their consequent modification of the thermal structure of the regional atmosphere during an intense dust episode that took place from 16 to 18 June 2016 over the Mediterranean Basin (MB). The RTM operated on a 3-hourly temporal and 0.5 × 0.625° spatial resolution, using 3-D aerosol optical properties (i.e., aerosol optical depth, single scattering albedo, and asymmetry parameter) and other surface and atmospheric properties from the MERRA-2 reanalysis and cloud properties (i.e., cloud amount, cloud optical depth, and cloud top height) from the ISCCP-H dataset. The model ran with and without dust aerosols, yielding the upwelling and downwelling solar fluxes at the top of the atmosphere, in the atmosphere, and at the Earth's surface as well as at 50 levels in the atmosphere. The dust direct radiative effect (DDRE) was estimated as the difference between the two (one taking into account all aerosol types and one taking into account all except for dust aerosols) flux outputs. The atmospheric heating rates and subsequent convection induced by dust radiative absorption were calculated at 50 levels to determine how the DDRE affects the thermal structure and dynamics of the atmosphere. The results showed that such a great and intense dust transport event significantly reduces the net surface solar radiation over the MB (by up to 62 W/m2 on a daily mean basis, and up to 200 W/m2 on an hourly basis, at 12:00 UTC) while increasing the atmospheric solar absorption (by up to 72 W/m2 daily and 187 W/m2 hourly, at 12:00 UTC). At the top of the atmosphere, both heating (over desert areas) and cooling (over oceanic and other continental areas) are observed due to the significantly different surface albedos. Transported dust causes considerable heating of the region's atmosphere, which becomes maximum at altitudes where the dust loadings are highest (0.14 K/3 h on 17 June 2016, 12:00 UTC, at 3–5 km above sea level). The dust solar absorption and heating induce a buoyancy as strong as 0.014 m/s2, resulting in considerable changes in vertical air motions and possibly contributing to the formation of middle- and high-level clouds over the Mediterranean Basin.


Purpose: To evaluate the change in retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL) using Optical Coherence Tomography after trabeculectomy in adult patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).
Methods: A total of 40 eyes (30 patients) with POAG, uncontrolled on medical management were enrolled. Average and quadrant wise RNFL thickness were measured pre and post operatively at 1 week, 1 and 3 months. Data was analysed using SPSS software.
Results: Intraocular pressure (IOP) reduced from 28.55+ 8.47 mm Hg, 14.8+ 5.97 mm Hg at 1 week, 14.25 + 4.47 mm Hg at 1 month, 14.9 +4.8 mm Hg at 3 months (p50 years and analyzed the data but no statistically significant changes were found.
Conclusion: In this study, post glaucoma filtration surgery, there was significant lowering of IOP but no difference in RNFL thickness, visual field parameters in adult POAG patients.

Keywords: Optical coherence tomography, Trabeculectomy, RNFL thickness variation.


Market identification calls for the right segmentation base. Hence, research works should be undertaken to test the usefulness of other variables in painting a picture of the consumer. Because merchandise uniqueness has become one of the most defining criteria of a successful retail store and since retail brands are the main source of creating this uniqueness, consumer retail brand lifestyle orientation is taken as the variable to be 'experimented'. As the first step to grouping customers, factor analysis was applied to the 14 retail brand statements (posed to the respondents) to determine the possible retail brand dimensions. At the end, the researcher's attempt to draw out a number of factors underlying the input variables was unsuccessful. A startling insight of the meaning of retail brands from the consumer's perspective was uncovered and could be the cause to this unsuccessful attempt.


Microvoids in carbon fibers and their precursors were investigated by two-dimensional small angle X-ray scattering(SAXS).Combined with tangent method,normal distribution and Maxwellian distribution function,the pore size distribution of the microvoids in those two samples were analyzed.Result indicated that conspicuous difference existed in their scattering figures.In the aspect of pore size distribution,microvoids in precursor fibers centered in the region of 4-8 nm,while this center moved to 1.3-1.8 nm in carbon fibers.FWHM of those figures showed a narrower size distribution in carbon fibers than that in the precursors,indicated a distinct transformation happened in microstructure especially the voids inside for carbon fibers after the downstream processing.The data also indicated,for tangent method,scattering caused by density differences in the fiber surface may induced error in low angle area of Guinier plot and noises can made the data erroneous in large angle.Normal distribution showed a relatively narrow size distribution while may be erroneous in small size area due to such a small FWHM.Maxwellian distribution well solved the problems above,and displayed a pore size distribution figure for both carbon fibers and their precursors with higher credibility.Compared with other two methods,Maxwellian distributin might be a good choice in fitting the size distribution of fiber samples.


With a Mattauch-Herzog type of mass spectrometer the positive ion composition was measured in the mesosphere between 80 and 98.4 km over Kiruna, Sweden, in summer 1993. During the rocket flight an intense noctilucent cloud (NLC) was present and detected by a particle impact sensor at 83.0–83.6 km and 82.5–85.6 km on ascent and descent, respectively. For the first time a significant depletion of the main positive proton hydrates was observed on ascent and a complete disappearance of these ions on descent in the entire NLC-layer. The observation is associated with an atypical low ion production of 0.01–0.1 cm−3s−1, which favors the ion loss by particle attachment and/or vertical transport. In order to explain the loss of mobile charge a second population of at least 105 cm−3 1–2 nm ice particles is required in the NLC.


The thesis analyses selling prices for flats and single-family houses in Slovenia on the basis of real estate transactions carried out in 2013. Analyses are presented for the Republic of Slovenia as a whole, as well as on the level of statistical regions and selected municipalities. The analyses indicates that average selling price of flats per square meter was the highest in Osrednjeslovenska and Obalno-kraska statistical region and the lowest on the other hand in Zasavska, Koroska and Pomurska statistical region. Furthermore, average selling price of single-family house was the highest in Osrednjeslovenska and Obalno-kraska statistical region and the lowest on the other hand in Pomurska and Spodnjeposavska statistical region. The volume of transactions with flats and single-family houses in 2013 was, as expected, highest in Osrednjeslovenska in Podravska statistical region.
Another analysis was carried out in order to compare selling prices of housing within municipal centre with selling prices of housing on its surrounding. Analysis was based on housing transactions within municipality of Skofja Loka for the period 2007-2014. Findings suggests that the average selling price of flat per square meter is 3% higher within the municipal centre than the average selling price of flat in the surroundings. The same tendency can be determined for single-family houses: the average selling price of single-family house per square meter is 10% higher in the municipal centre than the average selling price of single-family house per square meter in the surroundings.


Introduction
Microwave devices and communication devices produce electric fields which may be dangerous to surrounding applications. These field can be shielded using conductive shells that are closed on all sides. These close conductive shells are often designed using thin metal foils. However, for many applications these enclosures can add significant cost and weight to a product and a minute gap in the enclosure can completely damage the benefits of the enclosure. Moreso, the metal foil are not flexible to complex geometry. The solution to the gap identified is to use a material that is light, flexible and durable which can shield unwanted electromagnetic wave (EM) waves. For this work, treated and untreated corn husk powder (CHP) was produced from agricultural waste residues by grinding into powder form, while polycaprolactone (PCL) was commercially obtained.

Method
The composites of the materials were synthesized using melt blending technique. The dielectric property of the produced materials were investigated using open ended coaxial probe technique. The dielectric constant values was used in the computational study of the composites using finite element method.

Result
Results indicates that the dielectric property of the treated was greater than the untreated composites. The alkali treatment affected the value of the dielectric constant, shielding effectiveness, and transmission coefficients of the composites. The highest dielectric property obtained was 3.42 for the 30 % filler with a loss factor of 0.47. The filler played significant role in the values of shielding effectiveness (SE) obtained, where the highest filler was able to shield radiation by up to -4.21 dB at the frequency range measured.

Conclusion
From the electric field intensity, it was observed that the highest filler had the minimum transmitted intensity of 2185.87 v/m. Due to the high loss factor of 0.47 obtained for the 30 % filler content, waveguide terminators and other microwave components can be produced from this composite.


With the emergence of Semi-structured data format (such as XML), the storage of documents in centralised facilities appeared as a natural adaptation of data warehousing technology. Nowadays, OLAP (On-Line Analytical Processing) systems face growing non-numeric data. This chapter presents a framework for the multidimensional analysis of textual data in an OLAP sense. Document structure, metadata, and contents are converted into subjects of analysis (facts) and analysis axes (dimensions) within an adapted conceptual multidimensional schema. This schema represents the concepts that a decision maker will be able to manipulate in order to express his analyses. This allows greater multidimensional analysis possibilities as a user may gain insight within a collection of documents.


[Objective]The aim was to discuss the the key factors which influenced semi vitro culture of Rosa rugosa Thunb.style.[Method] Taking 1 wild germplasm of R.rugosa Thunb.Huichun,2 cultivars of R.rugosa'Zizhi'and R.rugosa'Chongban',and 2 cultivars of R.chinensis'Red Hat'and R.Chinensis'Pink Peace'as test materials,the effects of two flower branches got by water culture in greenhouse and open field culture,two test time of the middle ten days of May and the middle ten days of June,on semi vitro culture of Rosa rugosa Thunb.style were comparatively analyzed.[Result]The results indicated that there was no significant different effects of between the flowers from the water culture in greenhouse and the open field culture in orchards on the semi vitro culture results of Rosa rugosa Thunb.style;The semi vitro culture results of Rosa rugosa Thunb.style in May was better than that of in June.[Conclusion]The study provides a theoretical and technical support for overcoming interspecific hybridized incompatibility between R.rugosa Thunb.and R.chinensis and the Semi vitro culture of style.


Abstract The problem of political abstention of voters leaves democratic institutions without content. That is why the role of political communication in the context of the essential development of democracy is becoming very relevant today. We are interested in how deliberative communication, as a model of political communication, is connected with the mobilization of voters in political processes, which is how democracy is realized. The meaning of deliberatization is based on the idea of bringing stakeholders closer to a consensus through a free and equal dialogue of political communication in the communication community. In this way, a better legitimacy of political decisions is achieved. It is a process of discursive political communication that "creates and maintains" the actions of the government. The research question of our article was how scientific and professional theory look at the role of deliberative communication, as a model of political communication, in the process of political participation of political stakeholders in the communication community today. We assumed (the hypothesis) that scientific theory looks optimistically at the role of deliberative communication. In the article, we used the descriptive method and the method of analysing scientific and professional texts. We carried out the research with a review of domestic and foreign editions of professional books, monographic publications, original scientific articles, and research results. We obtained data using the Cobiss and Google Scholar databases. The results of the research showed that scientific theory views deliberative communication as a promising experiment and evolution in the realization of deliberative democracy..


This paper deals with the descriptions of seven new species of the genus Hishi-monus Ishihara and a new species of the genus Hishimonoides Ishihara collected from China.All type specimens are deposited in Anhwei Agricultural College.Hishimonus reflexus sp.nov.(fig.1)This species differs from all other species in the genus by the marked turning at the apical edge of the shafts of the aedeagus.Holotype and allotype Chekiang. Hishimonus rectus sp.nov.(fig.2)Allied to H.sellatus (Uhler),separated by the absence of the concavity on the lateral margin of the shafts of the aedeagus,and the gonopore apical on posterior surface.Holotype Kwangsi.Hishimonus hamatus sp.nov.(fig.3)Allied to H.callisto Linnavuori,separated by the medial spot on the tegmina not extending to posterior apex of scutellum,the relatively slender stem of connective and relatively wider shafts of the aedeagus.Holotype and allotype Kiangsi.Hishimonus dichotomous sp.nov (fig.4)Allied to H.dividens Knight,separated by the relatively shorter shafts bifurcate apically of the aedeagus as well as the mesal branch not elongate.Holotype and allotype Yunnan.Hishimonus truncatus sp.nov.(fig.5)Allied to H.sellatus (Uhler),separated by the absence of the concavity on the lateral margin of the shafts of the aedeagus and the pointed apex a little truncated.Holotype and allotype Kwangtung.Hishimonus tortuosus sp.nov.(fig.6)Allide to H.amabilis Knight,separated by the shafts of the aedeagus gradually narrowed to a tortuse sharp apex,the basal processes straight.Holotype and allotype Hainan.Hishimonus spiniferous sp.nov.(fig.7)Allied to H.aberrans Knight,separated by the subgenital plates gradually narrowed posteriorly,the shafts of the aedeagus directed dorsoposteriorly from base with a pair processes arising near basally from posterior surface.Holotype and allotype Yunnan.Hishimonoides aurifascialis sp.nov.(fig.8)Allied to Hishimonoides sellatiformis Ishihara,separated by the vertex with a pale orange-yellow transverse fascia,the aedeagus outer margins of preventral para-physes with a acute angle,the styles long,extending beyond apices of the shafts.Holotype Szechwan,allotype Yunnan.


Geolocation errors in excess of 20-30 km have been routinely observed in SSM/I data. Potential error sources due to inaccurate spacecraft ephemeris, spacecraft predict ephemeris, and the geolocation algorithm are examined. In addition, the effects of possible misalignment of the SSM/I instrument about its spin axis or to the spacecraft and potential spacecraft attitude errors are considered. It is found that the use of accurate spacecraft ephemerides removes about half of the geolocation error. In the cases studied, the remaining error can be reduced to below 7 km by employing a fixed set of effective spacecraft attitude corrections in the geolocation algorithm; 85-GHz imagery is presented to provide a visual evaluation of the geolocation errors along with the reduction of these errors. >


We read journal articles for interest, or in an attempt to keep up to date, or to help us to solve problems. It is essential not to incorporate false information into our practice and thus it is important to be able to critically assess journal articles. This paper gives a step-by-stepguide. More comprehensive coverage of this topic is available in the two excellent, and entertaining, series from the Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics of the McMaster University Health Sciences Oenter.':? This paper draws upon these and also on a worksheet used in the Master of Medical Science degree course at the University of Newcastle, New South Wales.


Under the development of global economic condition, supply chain management is developing to the mode based on Internet/Intranet. The paper analyses the base of supply chain and supply chain management, expatiates structure of network and support system integrated information technology and based on supply chain management information system on Internet/Intranet. Finally, the paper gives module structure of management information system by a case.


passages within the Rabbinic literature of the early period. In the igth century a movement began in Eastern Europe which sought to emphasize the study of ethics above all else in Judaism. This movement, known as the musar movement, was strenuously opposed by the rabbinical 61ite who saw it as a direct challenge to the primacy of Talmudic studies in Judaism. However, its insistence that what was central to Jewish religion was the development of the inner man, rather than the mere intellectual book knowledge then current in the centres of Jewish learning, eventually won through. (3) A systematic attempt to understand the role of morals within Jewish theology was first made by the philosophers who had inherited Greek ideas about morality as a sphere distinct from other spheres of human activity, and the mystics who saw within moral behaviour some-


Looking for understand which is the profile aromatic's complexity in Brazilian's sparkling wines, this study's objective was to evaluate 5 samples of commercial sparkling wines by sensory analysis, and also by a gas chromatography (GC), and mass spectrometry (MS). At the sensory analysis, in Brazil's panel, from a total of 5 sparkling samples, were made 155 determinations of aromas found at wines, with 31 distinct descriptors. The same process was realized at the Italian's panel, and at this time we found 188 determinations of aromas from all the 5 sparkling's samples, with 31 distinct descriptors. For the volatile compounds analysis the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) identified 26 compounds, the most of them have a fruity characteristic. This study demonstrated the Brazilian's sparkling wines have a profile fruity and floral, with maturation notes.


Atypical antipsychotics are widely used and have been shown to be effective against both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. Through this study we intended to bring to the forefront attention the implications of pharmacogenetics for obtaining the optimum results after antipsychotic treatment in a very sensitive category of patients: children and adolescents. This study was performed between 2009 and 2013 and includes children and adolescents with a diagnosis of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder. 81 patients, aged between 9 and 20 years were included in this study (median age was 15.74±4). The efficacy of the therapy was evaluated through the mean change in the PANSS total scores from baseline- T0, through every timepoint - T1=after 3 months, T2=after 6 months, T3=after 12 months, till endpoint - T4=after 18 months. Genotypes were determined by measuring allele-specific fluorescence using the software for allelic discrimination. Our results, showing statistically significant differences of the clinical score between the groups classified based on the genotype, sustain the use of the pharmacogenetic screening in clinical practice for the personalization of the therapy. Rezumat Antipsihoticele atipice, sunt utilizate pe scară largă și s-au dovedit a fi eficiente impotriva simptomelor pozitive și negative ale schizofreniei. Prin acest studiu am dorit să aducem in prim plan implicațiile farmacogeneticii pentru obținerea rezultatelor optime după


The Trichoderma viride pgk gene was isolated from a genomic library cloned in pT 3 T 7 lac using a synthetic oligonucleotide probe derived from the sequence of the pgk gene of T. reesei (1). Four clones were obtained and hybridized with 750-bp fragment of T. reesei pgk. Only one of the clones showed high h6mology using these hybridization conditions. We suggest, deduced from comparisons with other sequences of the pgk gene, that there are introns at nucleotide positions from 135 to 325 and from 747 to 819, respectively. The deduced amino acid sequence comparison showed a high homology with pgk from other species:


Silicon wafers especially prepared to meet a customer's needs in the production of semiconductor memory circuits are studied with synchrotron section topography. A well-defined uniform denuded zone below the surface with a width of 12 to 24 μm is observed. The concentration and the size of the oxygen-related defects in the bulk are independent of the location along the crystal ingot, from which the wafer originates, and of that along the wafer diameter


Due to the lack of a free neutron target the structure function of the neutron cannot be measured directly and is therefore extracted from deuteron and proton DIS data. Because the deuteron is a bound nuclear system, in order to extract the neutron structure function, one needs to apply model dependent theoretical corrections which dominate the uncertainty at the large xB region. We present here a correlation between the magnitude of the EMC effect and the amount of two nucleon Short Range Correlation (2N-SRC) pairs in nuclei. Using this correlation we propose a phenomenological procedure to extract the free neutron structure function in the xB range of 0.3 to 0.7.


Analyzes methodological changes in the practices of the restoration workshop of old Russian paintings of the Russian Museum, and their conformity to the fundamental principles of scientific restoration. Compares the results of cleaning icons using traditional methods and those recently adopted. Discusses the trend toward limiting the use of solvents during the cleaning. Presents observations on the role of the techniques of execution in the artistic structure of icons. Studies old Russian paintings in the complex light of technological, art historical, and iconographical research methods. Describes the practical application of this approach to the restoration of 14th-century Boris and Gleb icon.


To determine the temperature preference for juvenile Westslope Cutthroat Trout, we conducted an experiment using an automated shuttlebox design (Loligo® Systems), whereby fish regulated ambient temperature by freely moving between cooling and warming chambers. The duration of the acclimation and experimental periods and effect of photoperiod were also evaluated, guiding future thermal preference experiments.


The article starts with a reflection of the major social ills afflicting our country: violence and corruption, as well as the historic opportunity that unfastens if the Colombian government can implement the peace accord with the Fuerzas Armadas Revolutionaries de Colombia (FARC) and sign a peace accord with Ejército de Liberación Nacional (ELN). It shows the importance of the development of the ethical dimension in citizenship education, pinpointing some of its features. The text also mentions some regulatory elements within the national and international contexts that address the horizon which we can, and must, head towards as a nation. In addition to, the author highlights some examples of concrete contributions in the field of civic education for peace, with an emphasis on the various dissertation projects developed by some students of the Master on Pedagogy program at the Universidad Industrial de Santander. These investigations have had a positive impact on the education of students, in the communities of the educational institutions and in their respective municipalities, all belonging to the department of Santander, Colombia.


This paper scrutinizes giftedness and gifted learners under the implications of multiple intelligence theory with regard to coaching young scientists. It is one of the pluralistic theories toward intelligence while supporting to view individuals as active participants during teaching and learning processes which correspond with the applications of gifted education. The history and general characteristics of the theory is explained to figure out why using multiple intelligence theory is beneficial for gifted learners, candidate of young scientists of the future under the reflection of some sample activities. Although benefits of the theory for the aforementioned era have been talked comprehensively, there are some criticisms toward theoretical perspectives and its applications, especially in Turkey. Generally, the paper tries to contribute the literature on the issue of gifted education by pointing out the use of multiple intelligence theory in several domains.


The ability of live attenuated mumps virus to induce delayed hypersensitivity and humoral antibody was studied in a prospective fashion. Thirty-five children between 15 months and 5 years of age with no history of overt mumps in the past received the attenuated virus subcutaneously. At the beginning of the study there was complete correlation between delayed hypersensitivity and neutralizing antibody in 83% of the children (26 skin-test negative and seronegative, 3 skin-test positive and seropositive).
 In the group initially seronegative and skin-test negative, 88% developed mumps neutralizing antibody following attenuated virus infection, and 91% of these seroresponsive children developed a positive mumps skin test. Therefore, a positive mumps skin test can serve as a simple marker for vaccine-induced immunologic response. Application of the mumps virus and avian placebo antigens simultaneously is necessary for meaningful interpretation of the mumps skin test.
 Two patients developed delayed hypersensitivity following vaccination without developing detectable humoral antibody. The possible significance and explanation of this partial, dissociated immunologic response is discussed.


In order to establish quantitative PCR for detecting Chlamydia suis,based on the MOMP gene of C.cuis,this study selected specific primers and probe from highly conserved region,the PCR reaction was developed by building the recombinant plasmid.The results showed that the detection limit of the assay was 1.7×102 copies/μL,the calibration curve equation:Y=-3.214 7x+41.218,a correlation coefficient of R2=0.999 1,expanding efficiency rate 104.6%.The method used to detect Chlamydophila psittaci,Chlamydophila abortus,Chlamydia trachomatis,Chlamydophila pneumoniae,Chlamydophila pecorum,Chlamydia muridarumhad no cross reaction.The real-time PCR was reproducible,the test of its intraand inter-coefficients of variation from 0.495%to 1.752%.Compared with conventional PCR method,the detection rate of the method established in this study is higher.This method is important for detecting C.cuis and epidemiological investigation.


In this paper, a collocation method is presented for the solutions of the system of the Riccati-type differential equations with variable coefficients. The proposed approach consists of reducing the problem to a nonlinear algebraic equation system by expanding the approximate solutions in terms of the Bessel polynomials with unknown coefficients. The unknown coefficients of the Bessel polynomials are found by using the matrix operations of derivatives together with the collocation method. The proposed method gives the analytic solutions when the exact solutions are polynomials. Also, an error analysis technique based on the residual function is introduced for the suggested method. The reliability and efficiency of the proposed scheme are demonstrated by some numerical examples. Comparing the methodology with some known techniques shows that the presented approach is relatively easy and highly accurate. All of the numerical calculations have been done by using a program written in Maple.


In construction projects, contractors have prioritized risks due to abandonment of operations and events, interruptions, time, and cost overruns. Construction hazards are linked to the ambiguity and unpredictability of the timely delivery of a project, with standard quality and within an allowable budget. The bid process is heavily reliant on economic considerations which include the exchange market, rate of interest and cost inflation for equipment and workforce. Project failure takes place if economic considerations have not complied for effective management of risks in construction. The research framework is founded on Organization Control Theory and focused on the PLS-SEM approach which addresses the effect of economic factors with moderating government regulatory procedures on the management of risks in construction within 303 large (higher than 250 workers) Saudi Arabian contractors. In the PLS-SEM approach, complicated models are effectively analyzed with higher statistical power. The findings show that economic factors and government regulatory procedures have a favorable impact on the management of risks in the Saudi Arabian development industry. Additionally, moderating government regulatory procedures has a favorable correlation to the management of risks in the Saudi Arabian construction sector. By addressing economic considerations, this study enables practitioners, experts and stakeholders involved in construction industries to conduct effective management of risks in the construction sector.


Crotonic acid has the potential to be produced from renewable resources at low cost but currently has a limited market. We are investigating catalytic routes to exploit the functionalities of crotonic acid to produce a range of established industrial chemicals. Here we report our work on converting crotonates to acrylates, where a cost-competitive bio-based alternative can provide a market advantage. Our optimized reaction conditions for the cross-metathesis between crotonates and ethylene resulted in an increase in catalyst turnover numbers by 2 orders of magnitude compared with literature values. Control experiments showed the cross-metathesis with ethylene to be an equilibrium reaction. The turnover-number-limiting factor was found to be the stability of the metathesis catalyst.


Fractal and spherical aggregates of whey globular proteins are formed under conditions that coupled heating and shear flow in a plate heat-exchanger at high temperature and for short holding time. Their properties upon adsorption and spreading at the air–water interface have been studied at neutral pH and two subphase conditions. The surface activity of mixtures of aggregates and residual proteins is enhanced and the adsorption behaviour depends strongly on the denatured native-like monomers and the charge screening. After long hours of adsorption, they form a weakly dissipative viscoelastic network, with strong interactions. When spread at the air–water interface, protein aggregates dissociate and form monolayers whose properties are described by scaling laws in the semi-dilute regime. The scaling exponents found in charge-screening subphase conditions correspond to values for polymer in θ-conditions, whereas the values determined in long-range repulsion subphase conditions are intermediate between an ideal (θ-conditions) chain and a chain in good solvent.


The Systems Architecting and Engineering Graduate Program at the University of Southern California began as a graduate educational program primarily focused on aerospace and defense. Founded by Eberhardt Rechtin in 1987, the program today is a science, technology, engineering, and math success story in terms of its growth, teaching approach, and contributions to the engineering workforce in aerospace and defense. Systems Architecting and Engineering is a multidisciplinary field that cuts across science, technology, engineering, and math, and draws on concepts from psychology, sociology, biology, and economics. This paper presents the genesis of this program, its teaching philosophy, its evolution in response to the demands of the marketplace, and its vision for the future.


Objective: To explore the chronic obstructive emphysema patients complicated with spontaneous pneumothorax after cure rate and recurrence rate,and analysis of its causes.Methods: the clinical data of 56 patients were collected in our hospital from 2010 September to 2011 November of chronic obstructive emphysema combined with spontaneous pneumothorax underwent operation of patients with basic information,statistics and operation method of treatment,and follow-up of patients with postoperative cure rate and recurrence rate,analysis of possible causes.Results: 50 cases were cured,6 cases died,in which 2 people died of infective shock,4 cases died of old age patients with respiratory failure,the cure rate was 89.2%,mortality 12%,7 relapsed,the relapse rate was 14%.Conclusion: Chronic obstructive pulmonary emphysema complicated with spontaneous pneumothorax was quickly,the condition is complex,clinical should be diagnosed as soon as possible,reasonable plan,according to the situation of the early operation,paying attention to preoperative attack times,predicting postoperative recurrence rate.


The Federal Law on the Special Economic Zone (SEZ) adopted in 1996 has become the impetus for social and economic development of the Kaliningrad region. The law provides the removal of customs duties on imported raw materials and manufactured end products exported in other regions of Russia under condition of sufficient processing of imported raw materials. A new Federal Law on the SEZ adopted in 2006 establishes the 10-year transitional period (2006 to 2016) for companies using the preferences set out in the previous law. During the transitional time, enterprises should re-arrange their activities in a manner to be able to work after the removal of customs benefits.It should be noted that the regime of customs benefits within SEZ has significantly improved the competitiveness of regional enterprises, e.g. the furniture industry is successfully developing.The article analyzes the development of furniture manufacturing in the Kaliningrad region. The research results given in the paper may be used to build up the strategy for further development of furniture enterprises after the completion of transition period stated by the SEZ law.Also, the obtained results may be helpful while developing measures aimed at supporting enterprises after the removal of customs benefits.


Background: Thyroid swelling is one of the concerned health issues in middle age female patients. Though majority of the thyroid lesion were benign in nature but its cost-effective preliminary diagnosis is a big challenge.  Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) is a simple, cost-effective, highly sensitive and specific test for preliminary diagnosis of thyroid swelling. FNAC accompanying with the thyroid function tests (TFT) may be helpful in the proper assessment and management of thyroid swellings. We aimed to evaluate the thyroid swellings by FNAC and correlate FNAC findings with the TFT. Material & Methods: This study was performed in the Sampurna Sodani Diagnostic Clinic, Khandwa (M.P) for the period of one year from July 2019 to July 2020. Total 50 patients with thyroid swelling enrolled in the current study. Assessment of cytomorphological features of thyroid swelling by using FNAC and also the thyroid function test (TFT) by using chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) method. Results: Most of the cases belong to age range 41 - 50 years with female predominance.1:4.6 was male to female ratio. Cytological diagnosis comprised benign thyroid lesion was 88% amongst them colloid goiter (30%) was predominant.


Budgetary participation not always has a linear effect on budgetary slack. This is because the contingency factors, four of them are asymmetry information, self-esteem, locus of control, and individual capacity. The research aimed to determine whether asymmetry information, self esteem, locus of control, and individual capacity capability to moderate the effects of participatory budgeting on budgetary slack. The data was collected using questionnaire. The amount of samples in this research were 110 echelon SKPD's Jembrana selected by purposive sampling method. The analysis technique used regression analysis moderation. The result showed that participatory budgeting had a positive effect on budgetary slack. Self-esteem and locus of control weaken the effect of participatory budgeting on the budgetary slack, while asymmetry information is not be able to strengthen the effect of participatory budgeting on budgetary slack, and the individual capacity is not be able to weaken the effect of participatory budgeting on budgetary slack.


Pollen of seven date cultivars was stored at 4.5 -5.0'C using desiccator with or without silica gel and in vials outside the desicator as a control. Germination percentage was determined microscopically with a hemacytometer after harvest and at three and six months of Storage, respectively, using a boric acid-sucrosce medium. Cultivar genotype did out influence the viability of pollen. Pollen stored for six months gave a higher germination percentage (45.9%) than three months (40.9%) indicating that pollen requires more than three months at 4.5 - 5C for the reactivation or its growth factors. An increase in relative humidity in storage containers resulted in reduced germination profiles. Germination percentages were 62.2, 42.9 and 22.79% at 18. 55 and over 55 relative humidity, respectively. Pollen stored in desiccator with and without silica gel gave a higher germination profile after six months than at three months storage whereas the control gave the lowest. The highest germination percentage was observed in pollen kept in a desiccator in the presence of silica gel for six months.


The Department of Energy's Geopressured Geothermal Program has sponsored a series of geoscience studies to resolve key uncertainties in the performance of geopressured reservoirs. The priority areas for research include improving the ability to predict reservoir size and flow capabilities, understanding the role of oil and gas in reservoir depletion and evaluating mechanisms for reservoir pressure maintenance. Long-term production from the Gladys McCall well has provided the basis for most of the current research efforts. The well was shut-in on October 29, 1987, for pressure recovery after producing over 27 million barrels of brine with associated gas. Geologic investigations are evaluating various mechanisms for pressure maintenance in this reservoir, including recharge from adjacent reservoirs or along growth faults, shale dewatering, and laterally overlapping and connected sandstone layers. Compaction studies using shale and sandstone core samples have provided data on the relationship between rock compression and reservoir pressure decline and the correlation to changes in porosity and permeability. The studies support the use of a porosity-coupled reservoir simulation model which has provided an excellent match to the well's production history. 10 refs., 3 figs.


Abstract. In order to explored a feasible method to monitor the nitrogen content of potato in the field. The spectrum and multi-spectral imagery techniques were applied. A portable spectrometer and a MS4100 multispectral camera were used to collect spectral reflectance and multi-spectral image in the field. The experiments were conducted under three different fertilizer treatments with Low, High and Meddle Nitrogen (N) availability. The leave of potato plants were sampled for N analyses. The image of potato canopy was processed following the image calibration, image segmentation, and image parameter calculation. Each channel of multi-spectral image was used to calculate the detecting parameters including blue (B IA ), green (G IA ), red (R IA ) and near-infrared (NIR IA ). Meanwhile, the vegetation indices (DVI, RVI, NDVI, SAVI, et al.) widely used in remote sensing were selected as the parameters for nitrogen monitoring of potato in the field. Then, the correlation between image parameters and nitrogen content of potato plant was analyzed under different fertilizer treatments and different growth stages. It was showed that the middle treatment was best level to evaluate the nitrogen content using multispectral image, and it was sensitive to evaluate the nitrogen content at maturity stage. The PLS models were built to estimate the nitrogen content of potato. The results indicated that when NIR IA , R IA and RVI were applied, the predicting r 2 was 0.30; When NIR IA , R IA , RVI, NDVI and SAVI were used, the predicting r 2 was 0.35.