The content of information control in complex organizations continues to be a source of interest for both researchers and business managers. This study attempts to demonstrate the application of model-sampling and its effects in relation to accuracy, frequency and recency of data under scrutiny. The study uses a linear model to measure and forecast. The findings of this study are applicable not only to banks but also to Accounting Information Systems (AIS) in general. Moreover, they are as applicable to a computerized follow-up survey as to the initial manual system survey. In fact, this study presents an approach for conducting a follow-up program using an on-line interactive evaluation system.


A wind energy turbine (10) includes a tower (12), a nacelle (14) rotatably supported by the tower, a rotor (16) rotatably supported by the nacelle, and at least one unit to be cooled and arranged in the tower and/or the nacelle. The unit is adapted to be cooled by a cooling medium flowing in a cooling circuit (28) from the unit to at least one heat exchanger (34). The at least one heat exchanger is located outside of the tower and/or nacelle and configured to be cooled by ambient air.


Variations of ammonia, nitrite and nitrate in a recirculating M. rosenbergii (Crustacea, Decapoda) hatchery, reusing natural and artificial brackish water, in two successive cultures, were studied. Ammonia and nitrite values oscillated between 1.1 to 74.0 µg/l and 1.1 to 34.6 µg/l, respectively, and did not differ among the tested water types. Nitrate concentrations (N) increased similarly with time (T), according to a linear model (N = 0,241T – 0,734) with both natural and artificial water. Data suggested that the use and reuse of the artificial water did not affect the nitrification process. Therefore, it can be used in recirculating systems for M. rosenbergii hatchery.


are used simply because the physician is ignorant of how to write the necessary prescription himself. Whichever way we look at it, it is certainly a breach of the ethics of prescribing to suggest that a patient should use some preparation the precise ingredients and the main action Of which are entirely unknown to the medical man conceraeid ; yet we fear this breach is, inadvertently perhaps, committed every day of the year. This and many other essential points were recently brought forward in our contemporary the Prescriber, and the profession are indebted "for some sound and outspoken comments. There is, for example, the breach of^ merely telling the patient what, to get.? It requires little-imagination and less actual experience of the possibilities to appreCl .jj the danger in this procedure. Our older colleagues ^ say that these points are obvious and the advice


The cellular cytoskeleton contains microtubules which function both as fundamental structural elements as well as motor protein tracks. While the structural property is connected to the properties of the tubulin dimer, its interactions with surrounding dimers and the geometric organization within the microtubule, the transport track properties are related to the interactions between the tubulin dimer and kinesin. Based on the atomistic structures of kinesin and the tubulin dimer, we used molecular modeling to examine the interaction energy and force as function of a spatial distance of separation. From the results, elastic constants describing the system stiffness are obtained. By using the results related to the structure alone, a model of a 1 μm long microtubule is constructed as a network of elastic elements, and its mechanical properties were obtained via finite element method and compared to experimental results. Concerning microtubule-kinesin complex, the interaction strength during a complete cycle...


Code selection has a large impact on the performance of a direct sequence-code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) system. A goal of spread spectrum system designers for a multiple access system is to find a set of such spreading codes that as many users as possible can use a band of frequencies with as little multiple access interference (MAI) as possible. If the number of active users in a DS-CDMA system using exponentially weighted despreading sequences is less than the number of codes in a given code set, it is very important in terms of the quality of the recovered information to determine the codes which will yield the best bit error rate (BER) performances. In this study, it is proposed that, a simple and efficient criterion which enables the determination of the spreading sequences in a given code set achieves better BER performances than others when used as references for a DS-CDMA system which employs exponentially weighted despreading sequences.


In a decision having much to do with what is implied in the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) but not explicitly stated, the Supreme Court ruled that federal sector employees are not precluded from filing retaliation lawsuits under the ADEA. Relying on precedent decisions as well as established legislative intent, the Supreme Court rejected several arguments of the government in what the Court considered a narrow interpretation of the federal sector provision of the ADEA statute at §633a. The ruling affirmed that federal sector employees have the same protection as do private sector employees in all aspects of the ADEA statute.


This paper proposes a dynamic matrix control (DMC) algorithm that uses the proper future target information to improve the tracking performance. A default choice of feed-forward implies no anticipation and could lead to degeneration of performance. By first illustrating the underlying feed-forward structure in the original DMC scheme without constraints, this paper gives a systematic method for selecting a good choice for advanced knowledge and proposes a feed-forward DMC algorithm with constraint handling. A typical case study demonstrates the efficacy of the proposal.


Palm surgery was first described in 1958 as a therapeutic option for the post-phlebitis syndrome. This procedure aims to relieve the high venous pressure established due to a chronic occlusion of large veins draining from the lower limb, and also to prevent the recurrence of post-thrombotic syndrome, being reported in the literature 90% success rates and patency of 83 % after four years. The technique aims to perform a crossed femorofemoral venous bypass [1], where the internal saphenous vein of the contralateral limb is mobilized, supra-pubic, to the affected limb, when it is anastomosed with the common femoral vein on the obstructed side, thus performing the blood flow deviation from the compromised limb to the other limb where drainage of the lower limb has no obstruction in the iliac limbs. This surgical modality is reserved, nowadays, for those cases resistant to pharmacological treatment for more than 12 months; with a deep femoral vein patent on the affected side; and pressure gradient between the two common femoral veins above 10 mmHg and in cases where there is no way to perform an endovascular procedure to clear the impaired iliac vein, such as extrinsic compression.


Classical prediction error minimization (PEM) methods are widely used for model identification, but they are also known to provide satisfactory results only in specific identification conditions, e.g. disturbance model matching. If these conditions are not met, the obtained model may have quite different dynamical behavior compared with the original system, resulting in poor long range prediction or simulation performance, which is a critical factor for model analysis, simulation, model‐based control design. In the mentioned non‐ideal conditions a robust and reliable alternative is based on the minimization of the simulation error. Unfortunately, direct optimization of a simulation error minimization (SEM) criterion is an intrinsically complex and computationally intensive task. In this paper a low‐complexity approximate SEM approach is discussed, based on the iteration of multi‐step PEM methods. The soundness of the proposed approach is demonstrated by showing that, for sufficiently high prediction horizons, the k‐steps ahead (single‐ or multi‐step) PEM criteria converge to the SEM one. Identifiability issues and convergence properties of the algorithm are also discussed. Some examples are provided to illustrate the mentioned properties of the algorithm. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


A digital camera of the present invention, the mobile information of the file to be deleted in the temporary storage folder of the file and storage means, characterized in that it displays the file capacity of the folder. A digital camera of the present invention, without deleting the selected file is deleted in real memory card, a memory card removed from the case corresponding to a predetermined condition, and also to enable recovery also necessary to delete the temporary file. Thus, the convenience of a selection of deleted files can be easily and recover files such as who deleted by mistake.


The thermal fluctuations of the order parameter affect the transport of Bose gas above the superfluid transition. Using the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau theory in the classical region, we calculate the fluctuation corrections to the coefficients of thermal conductivity and shear viscosity. Above the transition temperature Tc, the fluctuation contribution to the thermal conductivity diverges as (T−Tc)-2+d/2 for dimensions d. The viscosity drops near Tc since the fluctuation contributes a correction which varies as − (T−Tc)−2+d/2. The calculations are conducted under the condition that the fluctuation corrections are small compared with the normal part of the transport coefficients.


Combustion dynamics (or combustion oscillations) have emerged as a significant consideration in the development of low-emission gas turbines. To date, the effect of premix fuel nozzle geometry on combustion dynamics has not been well-documented. This paper presents experimental stability data from several different fuel nozzle geometries (i.e., changing the axial position of fuel injection in the premixer, and considering simultaneous injection from two axial positions). Tests are conducted in a can-style combustor designed specifically to study combustion dynamics. The operating pressure is fixed at 7.5 atmospheres and the inlet air temperature is fixed at 588K (600F). Tests are conducted with a nominal heat input of 1MWth (3MBTUH). Equivalence ratio and nozzle reference velocity are varied over the ranges typical of premix combustor design. The fuel is natural gas. Results show that observed dynamics can be understood from a time-lag model for oscillations, but the presence of multiple acoustic modes in this combustor makes it difficult to achieve stable combustion by simply re-locating the point of fuel injection. In contrast, reduced oscillating pressure amplitude was observed at most test conditions using simultaneous fuel injection from two axial positions.Copyright © 1998 by ASME


Two-leg t-J ladders are investigated in the framework of a combination of the phase string formulation and bond-operator representation. We develope a mean-field theory in the strong rung interaction regime, i.e. $J_{\perp}\gg J, t$, which provides a unified description of the undoped insulating phase and the low doping phase --- the so-called C1S0 phase. Both of them are characterized by the resonating-valence-bond (RVB) order parameter, with gap opened up in all spin excitations. The ground state of the doped phase is intrinsically a superconductor with a d-wave symmetry, which is driven by the RVB correlations. The ground-state energy is in good agreement with numerical results. Phase separation is shown to occur beyond some critical value of J/t for given doping concentration. We also show that the spin gap in the doped phase is determined by quasi-particle-like excitations. The local structure of hole pairs as well as the spectra of various spin and charge modes are analyzed in comparison with other approaches.


A process for the preparation of a mono-metallic or mixed-metal phosphate of the type (M1 M2 M3 ... Mx) a) preparing an aqueous solution (I) containing at least one or more of the metals Mn, Fe, Co and / or Ni as divalent cations by oxidic metal (II) - (and / or metal - metal (III) IV) compounds or mixtures thereof, or compounds with mixed oxidation states, selected from hydroxides, oxides, oxide hydroxides, hydrated oxides, carbonates and Hydroxidcarbonaten, of at least one of the metals Mn, Fe, Co and / or Ni together with the elemental forms, or alloys of at least one of the metals Mn, Fe, Co and / or Ni-containing introduced in a phosphoric acid aqueous medium and the metal oxide compounds with the elemental forms of the metals or alloys are reacted (in a redox reaction) to the bivalent metal ions, b) optionally contained solids (from the phosphoric acid aqueous solution I) is separated, c) when the phosphate is a mixed metal phosphate, and in addition to the introduced in step a) in the solution metals further below (M1, M2, M3 ... Mx) containing selected metals, the aqueous solution (I) further comprises at least one compound of at least one of the metals (M1, M2, M3 ... Mx) is added in the form of an aqueous solution or as a solid in the form of a salt, wherein the at least one compound preferably selected from hydroxides, oxides, oxide hydroxides, oxide hydrates, carbonates, Hydroxidcarbonaten carboxylates, sulfates, chlorides or nitrates of the metals is selected, d) a mold made of an aqueous phosphoric acid solution by neutralization with an aqueous alkali hydroxide solution or a template solution prepared from an aqueous solution of one or more alkali metal phosphates (II) provides a pH of 5 to 8, e) the aqueous solution (I) (to the receiver solution II) is metered in at the same time so that the pH of the reaction mixture obtained in the range of 5 to 8, preferably 6 to 7, held metered in a basic aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution, wherein the phosphate type (M1 M2 M3 ... Mx) f) separating the precipitated phosphate from the reaction solution.


Some Exceptional Minimal Situations by Finite p-Groups (Z Janko) Character Tables of Groups Where All Nonlinear Irreducible Characters Vanish Off the Center (M L Lewis) Large Normal and Characteristic Subgroups Satisfying Outer Commutator Identities and Their Applications (E I Khukhro) Some Simple Locally (Soluble-by-Finite) Groups (M R Dixon et al.) Regular Limits of Infinite Symmetric Groups (O H Kegel) Varieties of Groups and the Restricted Burnside Problem (P Shumyatsky & J Caldeira Silva) The Fundamental Group of a Connected Non-Direct Profinite Graph (W Herfort) On Blichfeld's Like Congruences and Other Close Characters - Conjugacy Classes Analogs (D Chillag) On Abnormal Maximal Subgroups of Finite Groups (A Ballester-Bolinches et al.) Some Results and Questions Related to the Generating Graph of a Finite Group (A Lucchini & A Maroti) Soluble Linear Groups with Some Restrictions on Subgroups of Infinite Central Dimension (L A Kurdachenko et al.) Restrictions of Brauer Characters and -Partial Characters (J Sangroniz) Permutation Groups Defined by Unordered Relations (F Dalla Volta & J Siemons) Transitivity of Properties of 2-Generator Subgroups (C Delizia et al.) and other papers.


Yoga is essentially a spiritual discipline based on an extremely subtle science, Flexibility in some joints can be increased to a certain degree by exercise, with stretching a common exercise component to maintain or improve flexibility. The multiple ways and the different contexts in which it is used make it a problematic term. contractility, preload, and after load. The age of the subjects ranged from 16-22 years. The subjects were (n=15) randomly assigned as to three equal groups of college players. Experimental Group –I act as control (CG), Group –II acted as Yogic training group(YTG), Group –III acted as flexibility training exercises (FTG)for a period of 6 weeks training except Saturday and Sundays every weeks as in stipulated time . The subjects were tested in order to find out felxibility. The data were collected before and after the training period, pre and post test were analyzed by using ANACOVA. The levels of significance for the study were chosen as 0.05 level. felxibility has significance difference among in three groups. Yogic training flexibility training proportions are the better proportion to increases the flexibility ultimately it leads to increase the physical fitness.


This study was conducted to study the effect of fiber sources on ruminal pH and buffering capacity and whole digestive tract digestibility with five ruminally fistulated sheep. Evaluated fiber sources were alfalfa hay cube (AHC), corn cob (CC), com silage (CS), cotton seed hull (CSH), peanut hull (PHL), rice straw (RS), and sugarcane bagasse (SCB). Sheep were fed consecutively a diet containing each tested fiber source with a corn-based concentrate diets during each experimental period. Ruminal pH showed no difference among fiber sources except the significantly lower pH at 8h (p


Aim To investigate the risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)in Hefei city and to study the influence of these risk factors on pregnancy outcomes.Methods All women received 50g glucose loading tests in clinics of Baohe People's Hospital.Related factors such as age,pregestational body weight index,pregnancy and parturition histories of the pregnant woman were analyzed by SPSS to reveal influence of these risk factors on glucose tolerance abnormality of pregnant women with GDM.Results The prevalence rate of GDM in Hefei city was 2.7%.As compared with normal control group,age,pregestational BMI of the pregnant women in abnormal OGTT group were older and higher,and the differences were significant(P0.05).The analysis of risk factors associated with GDM showed that rate of age and pregestational BMI of the pregnant women(P0.05)were very high.Conclusion(1)The prevalence rate of GDM in Hefei city is the same as that in other regions of China.And parturition histories of the pregnant woman,age,the pregestational BMI and age of pregnant woman are risk factors of GDM.


In recent years,video conferencing system is widely applied in distant learning,thus caused the distant learning the(instructional) model to have the enormous change.This article briefly introduces the basic concept about video conferencing system.This article importantly analyzes and discusses video conferencing system′s application in distant learning and its influence.


Abstract : An attempt is made to establish the fundamentals of a general theory of thin plates in which the simultaneous appearance of such phenomena as large deflections, thermal effects, inhomogeneity, and plastic strains would be considered. The work is based on the theory of small elastic-plastic deformations, assuming that the plate material is compressible only in the elastic range, that the hypothesis of straight normals is valid, and that the deflections are comparable with the thickness of the plate. The discussion is limited to the case when the temperature varies linearly over the plate thickness, and all the mechanical characteristics and the thermal-expansion coefficient of the plate material are considered as known functions of the plate coordinates.


Running shoes are the footwear, that has been explored the most by scientists in the field of biomechanics. Following the running shoe research peak between 1980 and 1990 other products became the focus of interest. In particular, many shoe studies were performed in the field of basketball and other indoor sports. Only recently, soccer boots have received a lot of attention and were explored by various research groups. Other than in running shoes, soccer boots have additional tasks to perform. These shoes are used for kicking, they should provide sufficient traction for rapid cutting manoeuvres and assist the players in rapid acceleration and stopping movements. Especially, the often conflicting demands of injury prevention and high performance properties remain to be solved. Test methods for athletic footwear as well as research results will be presented here. This will demonstrate how important biomechanics has become in providing the necessary knowledge for the design of functional footwear.


In rural applications various converters are developed and the characteristics has been experimentally verified with the change in parameters like harmonic distortion, power factor, change in voltage, load current and load characteristics. The current source PWM Inverter (CSPWMI) is developed and the characteristics are evaluated in harmonic spectrum. All the parameters has been considered in the design of proper current source PWM Inverter (CSPWMI) selection to obtain maximum voltage in induction generator, build-up voltage, duty ratio, load current, power factor, load voltage and voltage regulation. In MATLAB Simulink model of current source PWM Inverter (CSPWMI) is developed and the output voltage variation is evaluated and tabulated to control load in specific speed determination.


is disclosed a purification process of liquid hydrocarbon feedstocks containing antimony hydride by passage over an absorbent material comprising 10-80% by weight of nickel deposited on a support, the nickel being present as metallic nickel and as nickel oxide in a weight ratio between 2/5 and 2/1, the amount of metallic nickel being at least 6% by weight of the material. The method is particularly suitable for the purification of propylene fillers for the polymerization and purification of C4 hydrocarbon charges.


Li1 − 3xFexNiPO4 (0 < x < 0.15) solid solution phases have been synthesized by solid state reaction. X-Ray studies on polycrystalline samples show that all phases are isostructural with the parent LiNiPO4 compound, crystallizing in the orthorhombic system, space group Pnma. The evolution of the lattice parameters with the iron content follows Vegard's law. The IR spectra show split bands for the phosphate groups, in good agreement with the distortion observed in the crystal structure. The EPR spectra for all phases show a broad band centred at zero field. The absence of a signal corresponding to Fe3+ ions suggests the presence of FeIII–NiII interactions strongly affected by the zero field splitting of the nickel(II) ions. The magnetic behaviour of the Li1 − 3xFexNiPO4 (0 < x < 0.15) phases can be described as antiferromagnetic with the presence of weak ferromagnetism below the ordering temperature. The magnitude of the remanent ferromagnetic moment is indicative of the existence of iron clustering in the samples. The FeO6 octahedra form finite chains in which the magnetic moments of the Fe3+ ions are antiferromagnetically aligned with a small canting angle.


Childhood feminising surgery remains standard clinical practice for those born with ambiguous genitalia, such as women with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH). The aims of such an intervention are to promote "normal" female appearance, allow comfortable penetrative intercourse with unimpaired sensation, avoid increased psychological sequelae and prevent urinary difficulties due to anatomical variations. However, these aims remain largely unevaluated. Little is known about the range of normal female genital appearance with few objective measurements in the literature. Scanty long-term data is available regarding sexual function and sensation following childhood feminising surgery. To date there is no evidence to suggest that childhood surgery reduces psychological distress compared with those who did not have operations. Finally, no studies are available assessing urinary outcomes following surgery. These areas are assessed in turn, starting with a study to ascertain normal female appearance of the genital area, and to illustrate the variations of normality. Genital sensation is next considered, with a study of 28 women with CAH who underwent objective sensation testing to the clitoris, where surgery had taken place, and to the upper vagina, where no operations had been performed. This data was compared with 9 normal subjects who had no history of sexual function difficulties or previous operations to the genital area. Clitoral sensation was significantly impaired in those who had undergone surgery, but not vaginal sensation. Sexual function and subjective views regarding surgery were assessed, with 32 women with CAH recruited to complete a detailed questionnaire assessing various aspects of anatomical and psychosexual function. This was then compared with data from 10 normal controls, showing women with a history of surgery had increased sexual function difficulties. Finally, a further study assessed the degree of lower urinary tract symptoms in those who had undergone surgery, and compared this with a normal control group. This showed increased urinary tract symptomatology in the group who had undergone childhood surgery. The results of these studies are discussed and considered in the context of current knowledge of intersex research. Recommendations for clinical practice and future research are given.


Abstract : The overland dynamic behavior of an air-cushion-supported vehicle is investigated. Experiments have been performed by running the craft over repeated rigid wave forms and allowing it to pitch and heave. Transfer functions relating response variables to the excitation variables are presented. The linearity of the vertical plane dynamics is investigated through a comparison of the response for two different wave heights. Variations in fan speed and fan discharge are also examined. The cobblestone effect, created by exciting the craft at a very high frequency, is investigated. (Author)


A simple, rapid, sensitive and accurate UVSpectrophotometric method has been developed for estimation of lercanidipine hydrochloride from pharmaceutical formulations. In (50% v/v) acetonitrile, lercanidipine hydrochloride showed absorbance maxima at 237 nm. Linearity was observed the concentration range of 4 24 μg/mL (r2= 0.9999). The amount of drug estimated from the formulation was found to be in the good agreement with the label claim. The recovery studies were carried out at three different levels i.e. at 80%, 100%, and 120%. The mean percentage recovery was found to be in the range of 99.55 -100.05. The method was validated statistically.


In a ferroelastic crystal, a change of state1 (switching) may be accomplished by applying suitable components of the stress tensor σij. Mechanical switching is normally studied under a quasihomogeneous stress. The stress field is produced either by suitable clamps acting directly on the sample2 or by cementing a thin sample on a thick substrate plate which is then subjected to a three- or four-point bending3,4. In the present contribution we wish to describe domain patterns arising in ferroelastic ferroelectric GMO samples subjected to bending deformation, i.e. in a strongly nonuniform stress field.


This stated preferences survey determines the willingness to pay (WTP) for climate change mitigation policies using a representative sample of the German population. WTP is compared across three valuation question formats in a split sample design: the dichotomous choice (DC) referendum, the dissonance minimizing (DM) referendum and the two-way payment ladder (TWPL). The influence of multinational cooperation on WTP is assessed by variation in the hypothetical scenarios. We demonstrate that the DM referendum and the TWPL, two question formats that induce similar response incentives, yield equal mean WTPs. Multinational cooperation did not change WTP in any of the question formats. Implications for current contingent valuation practice are discussed.


This is a decision of the UK Gas and Electricity Markets Authority (the Authority) rejecting allegations of abuse of dominance following EDF Energy's (EDF) decision to cease offering data…


We have synthesized and X-ray characterized a series of six diaryl-substituted heteroarenes in order to analyze unconventional intramolecular CAr–H⋯N/O in comparison to conventional H-bonds.


We describe the evolution of projection methods for solving convex feasibility problems to optimization methods when inconsistency arises, finally deriving from them, in a natural way, a general block method for convex constrained optimization. We present convergence results.


According to the real meaning of applying epistemic or modal logic to theoretical study on agent or multi-agent system,through detailed and strict analysis of the two basic premises upon which scholars draw their assertion of logical omniscience problem,it was argued clearly that neither of their two premises can stand.In this sense,their conclusion is just drawn illogically.It is important to point out these premises do not solve the important problem that baffles application of modal logic to theoretical study on agent or multi-agent system.If the realized meaning of applying logic theory to agent study is not neglected,the sharp difference between intentional system and pure logic system is not neglected,and the process character of logic reasoning is not neglected,the above unsound conclusion cannot drawn.


Abstract Blood isotope levels for three hours following a test meal of 100 μc iodinated albumin and 0.5 Gm. gelatin per kilogram of body weight serve to distinguish the rate of protein digestion and absorption in 16 persons with normal digestive processes from that in three persons with marked pancreatic insufficiency.


This paper considers how the formal and real subsumption of academic labour in UK higher education are exposed and exacerbated by the move towards online teaching, assessment and communication. These processes have been expedited by the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak and attention is drawn to the technology-driven organisational and operational innovations that are transforming academic divisions of labour and labour processes. These changes, particularly in relation to the separation of research and teaching, and to the deprofessionalisation, modularisation, and outsourcing of the latter, are the focus of the paper. We argue that the formal subsumption of knowledge production (research) through commercialisation dovetails with a real subsumption of socially reproductive work (teaching) that is undergoing qualitative transformation in an increasingly marketised higher education sector. We show how digitalisation actively contributes to the growing standardisation and flexibilisation of work, deepens long-standing gendered divisions of labour, and dissolves even further the blurred work/life boundaries for precariously employed workers. These new hallmarks of the contemporary subsumption present new challenges to workers and their collective organisations in Higher Education.


The purposes of this study were to develop an efficient method of labeling D-glucosamine hydrochloride with gallium 68 ( 68 Ga) and investigate the imaging properties of the resulting radiotracer in a human tumor xeno- graft model using micro-positron emission tomography (µPET). The precursor compound 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclodo- decane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA)-2-deoxy-D-glucosamine (DOTA-DG) was synthesized from D-glucosamine hydrochloride and 2-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-DOTA. Radiolabeling of DOTA-DG with 68 Ga was achieved in 10 minutes using microwave heating. The labeling efficiency and radiochemical purity after purification of 68 Ga-DOTA-DG were ~85% and greater than 98%, respectively. In A431 cells, the percentages of 68 Ga-DOTA-DG and 18 F-FDG uptakes after 60 min incubation were 15.7% and 16.2%, respectively. In vivo, the mean ± standard deviation of 68 Ga-DOTA- DG uptake values in A431 tumors were 2.38±0.30, 0.75±0.13, and 0.39±0.04 percent of the injected dose per gram of tissue at 10, 30, and 60 minutes after intravenous injection, respectively. µPET imaging of A431-bearing mice clearly delineated tumors at 60 minutes after injection of 68 Ga-DOTA-DG at a dose of 3.7 MBq. 68 Ga-DOTA-DG displayed significantly higher tumor-to-heart, tumor-to-brain, and tumor-to-muscle ratios than 18 F-FDG did. Further studies are needed to identify the mechanism of tumor uptake of this new glucosamine-based PET imaging tracer.


Energy recovery is a technique originally developed for low power digital circuits. Energy recovery circuits achieve low energy dissipation by restricting current to flow across devices with low voltage drop and by recycling the energy stored on their capacitors by using an AC type supply voltage. In this paper there apply energy recovery technique to the logic circuits since the clock is typically the most capacitive signal in the chip. The purposed energy recovery logic circuit scheme recycles the energy from the capacitance in each cycle of the clock. In this paper an 1-bit Full Adder energy recovery logic is purposed with the design of advanced Energy Recovery Logic Inverter circuit. This purposed Full Adder circuit is designed with low power energy recovery techniques and is compared with conventional efficient charge recovery logic circuit and this is done by using 0.25 μm CMOS technology in SPICE.


The relationship between the onset of seizures, immunisation dates and degree of mental handicap was reviewed among children with tuberous selerosis. Profound handicap occurred in those children who had an early onset of seizures. There was no evidence that pertussis vaccine caused additional brain‐damage.


The aim of present study was to investigate the efficacy of MXSGT, a traditional Chinese medicine formula used for treatment of respiratory system diseases, in the LPS‐induced rat ALI particularly with a focus on its effect on lung microvascular hyperpermeability and inflammatory reaction.


To investigate the response of E-glass/epoxy laminated plates subjected to low velocity impact loading. using nonlinear explicit finite element software LS-DYNA. The samples used for this study was 8 plies laminated symmetric composites. These composites were characterized by three different stacking sequences (0/90)2s, (-30/30)2s, ( 45/45)2s. Different parameter are considered here such as by varying the velocity, orientation, boundary conditions etc. And the obtained results are compared against the experimental results. Comparisons is made of finite element results to the experimental data obtained from the literature where the contact force versus time graphs are obtained. Results indicate that the general shapes of the force versus time curve histories are co-relate well with the experimental test data results. Thus this analysis work demonstrates the accuracy and effectiveness of finite element simulation of low velocity impact test on laminated composite plate with LS-DYNA and predicting good simulation results with published journals for various parameters.


#1 Bioimpedance and Impedance Vector Patterns as Pr edictors of Male Elite Soccer Players Authors: Micheli ML, Pagani L, Marella M, Gulisano M, Piccoli A, Angelini F, Burtscher M, Gatterer H. Reference: Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2013 Jul 22. [Epub ahead of print] Summary: Bioelectrical impedance standards (resistance, reactance and phase-angle) are well established for the normal population or within the clinical setting and are considered indicators for cell mass, cell function and hydration status. However, such standards do not exist for the male soccer population. Therefore, the goal of the present investigation was to provide a set of bioelectrical impedance data of a large sample of soccer players with different performance levels. 893 players, registered within all Italian soccer divisions, were divided into 5 groups according to their performance level. Whole-body impedance measurements were performed during the first half of the competitive period. Besides estimation of body composition, the bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) was performed. BIVA does not depend on equations and displays differences in hydration and body-cell mass (BCM). Individual vectors can be classified by using the 50%, 75% and 95% tolerance ellipse. Results: In comparison to the other divisions and to the normal population, the mean vector of the elite-level showed a shift to the left (p<0.001). When compared to the elite-level, players of a lower performance level had lower phase-angles, BCMs and fat-free masses. Conclusions: In conclusion, soccer players belong to a specific population. Muscle mass and function, as indicated by BCM and phase-angle, increase with increasing performance level. The soccer specific tolerance ellipses might be used for classifying individual vectors and to define target regions for low level players


We present optical subwavelength nanostructure architecture suitable for standoff radiation dosimetry with remote optical readout in the visible or infrared spectral regions. To achieve this, films of subwavelength structures are fabricated over several square inches via the creation of a 2D non-close packed (NCP) array template of radiationsensitive polymeric nanoparticles, followed by magnetron sputtering of a metallic coating to form a 2D array of separated hemispherical nanoscale metallic shells. The nanoshells are highly reflective at resonance in the visible or infrared depending on design. These structures and their behavior are based on the open ring resonator (ORR) architecture and have their analog in resonant inductive-capacitive (LC) circuits, which display a resonance wavelength that is inversely proportional to the square root of the product of the inductance and capacitance. Therefore, any modification of the nanostructure material properties due to radiation alters the inductive or capacitive behavior of the subwavelength features, which in turn changes their optical properties resulting in a shift in the optical resonance. This shift in resonance may be remotely interrogated actively using either laser illumination or passively by hyperspectral or multispectral sensing with broadband illumination. These structures may be designed to be either anisotropic or isotropic, which can also offer polarization-sensitive interrogation. We present experimental measurements of a radiation induced shift in the optical resonance of a subwavelength film after exposure to an absorbed dose of gamma radiation from 2 Mrad up to 62 Mrad demonstrating the effect. Interestingly the resonance shift is non-monotonic for this material system and possible radiation damage mechanisms to the nanoparticles are discussed.


The Basin ofPhlious in southern Greece is known for its thick colluvial and alluvial deposits from the Holocene. It offers a good opportunity to reconstruct the history of Holocene soil erosion and its interaction with historical farming activities. In this study, we present new results based on optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating from the Basin of Phlious. The comparison between OSL and 1 4 C AMS ages shows good agreement, and demonstrates the need for the detection of insufficiently bleached OSL samples in order to obtain accurate results. The discovery of a Neolithic site, buried under thick alluvial deposits, confirms the hitherto postulated Neolithic human impact on the landscape.


In this article the notion, the main point and the criterion of efficacy of legal adjustment are analyzed.
The author offers the ways of improving the legal adjustment.


Dear Editor, Recurrent Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare condition that reportedly appears in 2–5% of patients with GBS.1 The clinical and pathophysiological characteristics of recurrent GBS have not been fully elucidated. Anti-ganglioside antibodies have been reported in a small number of cases of recurrent GBS. Herein we report on a case of recurrent GBS with anti-GT1a and anti-GQ1b ganglioside antibodies. A previously healthy 63-year-old man arrived at the emergency room with a 1-day history of dysarthria and right facial sensory change. Additional symptoms of facial diplegia, external ophthalmoplegia, truncal ataxia, and areflexia developed on the third day of admission. The findings of a nerve conduction study (NCS) and CSF analysis were unremarkable. Antiganglioside study was performed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antiganglioside antibodies as described previously,2 and revealed positivity for anti-GT1a (3+) and anti-GQ1b (1+) IgG antibodies. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) was administered at 0.4 g/kg/day for 5 days from the sixth day after onset. The symptoms of the patient improved gradually after IVIG termination. At 10 days after the 5-day course of IVIG, his neurological deficits had fully recovered except for the ophthalmoplegia. The remaining ophthalmoplegia improved following bilateral medial rectus muscle resection at 6 months after symptom onset. The patient could perform all of the normal activities of daily living, including driving, after the procedure. The patient was readmitted 12 months after the first attack complaining of paresthesia in both legs. An upper respiratory infection had appeared 1 week previously. These symptoms progressed from both lower extremities to both upper extremities and his face. A neurological examination revealed truncal ataxia and hyporeflexia in both upper and lower extremities along with paresthesia. A CSF analysis produced unremarkable findings, while a motor NCS revealed prolonged distal motor latency with conduction blocks in the bilateral median and ulnar nerves. A sensory NCS revealed the absence of distal sensory nerve action potentials in the median, ulnar, peroneal, and sural nerves. The anti-ganglioside antibody assay was positive for anti-GT1a (1–2+) and anti-GQ1b (1–2+) IgG antibodies, which were the same antibodies present during the previous attack. A laboratory test indicated that the vitamin levels and thyroid function were within the normal limits. Brain MRI findings were unremarkable. Following a diagnosis of GBS, IVIG was administered at 0.4 g/kg/day for 5 days from the day after symptom onset, but his symptoms worsened. Ophthalmoplegia and quadriplegia developed on the fifth day from symptom onset. His symptoms appeared to gradually improve after IVIG termination, but they worsened again 2 weeks later. A second cycle of IVIG at 0.4 g/kg/day for 5 days was administered from day 20 after symptom onset. The patient had recovered fully at 1 month after the second cycle of IVIG treatment. This patient had experienced two independent episodes of GBS involving the presence of Jihyeon Hwang Ye-Ji Kwon Jong Kuk Kim Nam Jun Kim Seol-Hee Baek


aFood Science Research Institute, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre, H-1022 Budapest, Herman Ottó út 15. Hungary bDepartment of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18. 1190 Vienna. Austria cVegetable Crop Research Department, National Agricultural Research and Innovation Centre, H-6000 Kecskemét, Mészöly Gyula út 6. Hungary dBethesda Children's Hospital, H-1146 Budapest, Bethesda u. 3. Hungary


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Many studies conclude that the prognosis of gliomas can be determined using the DWI sequence and ADC value on MRI
The correlation between DWI and ADC values with glioma grading is related to tumor cellularity, nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, and extracellular space, which affect the movement of water molecules.

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Glioma grading is crucial to know its prognosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used as a preoperative examination that contains diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) sequences confirmed by an apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value that helps assess tissue based on water diffusion. Objective: To prove the relationship between DWI and ADC values with cerebral glioma grading in patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital in 2016—2020. Methods: This retrospective study collected medical records and MRI files in DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) format. Gender, age, tumor histopathology, and glioma grading were collected. DWI and ADC values were obtained using the RadiAnt DICOM Viewer application. The data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. The chi-square test was used to analyze the relationship of DWI with glioma grading, and the spearman rank test was used to analyze the relationship of ADC value with glioma grading. Results: The majority of 35 patients were male (54.3%), aged 31–40 years old (22.9%), and the most common histopathology was glioblastoma (37.1%), WHO grade IV. On DWI, most low-grade glioma (LGG) patients showed unrestricted diffusion, and most high-grade glioma (HGG) patients showed restricted diffusion. The ADC value of HGG was lower than the ADC value of LGG. Statistical tests showed a relationship between DWI and glioma grading (p<0.05) and a relationship between the ADC value and glioma grading (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was a relationship between DWI and ADC with glioma grading in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital patients for the period 2016—2020


Through an engineering example,a comprehensive treatment technology of wastewater from production of concrete tubular pile is introduced.The monitoring results show that this treatment process can realize the recovery of residual heat of the pressure steam wastewater and the comprehensive treatment of boiler flue gas,and can ensure that the effluent quality meets the first class criteria specified in the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard(GB 8978-1996).


a-C:H films were coated on windows of mobile telephone by RF plasma chemical vapor deposition equipment made in our company. Thickness of the coatings is about 0.7 micrometers and they have high hardness, low friction coefficient, good adhesion, high optical transparency and chemical inertness. Knoop hardness of the diamond-like carbon films on glass substrate is 2328 ㎏/㎣. The adherence between films and substrate is good and shows to be 69 N by scratching test. The optical performance is improved obviously owing to coat the film on it. The index of the coated windows is 2.5, transmission of visible light is larger than 90%, and transmission of ultraviolet light decreases by 30% and the ultraviolet light can be obstructed obviously. The coated glass also has self-clean effect and decontamination ability. The films have hydrophobic character and the soakage angle of water drop is larger than 90 degrees. The windows have fog-proof ability owing to eliminate the capillary phenomena in the inner surface. The physics and chemical properties of the coated windows are steady. Study indicates that the performance of a-C:H coated mobile phone windows are improved notably on wear-resistance, corrosion-proof and optical properties and it is excellent mobile windows protective coatings.


This issue of Kappa Omicron Nu FORUM is about using the critical science approach and critical discourse analysis (CDA) as tools to help members of the profession understand the messages they are sending to themselves and others and to understand the meanings of the words spoken and written by others. I ask that you not be "put off" by the theoretical jargon of critical science and critical discourse; instead, ask yourself if you ever read something or listened to someone's words and asked yourself, "How can they even think that way? What are they really saying? Do all people believe this? What else could have been said?" This paper was written in an attempt to help you figure out the real meaning behind the spoken and written word in hopes that the insight gained can be used to bring about more equity, justice, freedom, peace, and hope—the betterment of the human family.


The environmental education with ideal teaching tools (e.g., a small-scaled experimental kit) is essential for raising the public's, especially student's, awareness of many environmental issues. This study was undertaken to develop a do-it-yourself model instrument of acid rain and estimating its applicability to the environmental education. Our novel model tool consists of a body (17 cm width, 6 cm depth, and 17 cm height), an acid gas injector, acid four rain reservoirs, and a drop supply pump. An alternative model instrument that can be more readily assembled was also suggested. Based on our novel approach, we carried out several model experiments with educatees (i.e., high school and college students, and adults). The results of questionnaires indicated that educatees achieved a very deep understanding of acid rain through an experienced model experiment. A 77 to 89% of educatees experienced the reappearance experiment of acid rain by our model instrument felt that it was very useful as a teaching tool of environmental education.


With the increasing demand for vast storage repositories, network storage become s important to mass data storage and processing, scalable addressing and availab ility, the quality of service (QoS) and security of data storage. In this pape r, authors gave a design and implementation of storage area network system with the name TH-MSNS, which has high scalability. With dual HBA, dual I/O nodes it has high availability and high performance, and the total capacity reaches on 26 0TB. An introduction of TH-MSNS's architecture, SCSI Target Simulator, embedde d operating system (EOS) and storage management. The basewares of TH-MSNS hav e following characteristics: the SCSI Target Simulator adopts layered implementa tion, which provides compatibility for different SCSI devices and different netw ork protocols; all key software run in the EOS kernel, which improves the perfor mance greatly; storage management adopts distributed architecture. It is fully i ndependent to OS and has functions such as the object management, device auto-d etection, access controller and log, etc. Compared with other FC-SAN system, it shows some characters such as scalability, high performance, and high compatibi lity, and the whole system is easy to be maintained.


Activated carbon, oxidation, conventional treatment, filtration, and membrane studies are conducted to determine which process is best suited to remove the herbicide glyphosate from potable water. Both bench-scale and pilot-scale studies are completed. Computer models are used to evaluate the results. The activated-carbon results show that glyphosate adsorbs very strongly in distilled water, but has a much lower capacity in Ohio River water that is not fully explained. The jar-test studies with an alum coagulant show that as turbidity is removed, so is glyphosate. The majority of the glyphosate removal occurs as turbidity is reduced below 2 NTU. Powdered-activated-carbon treatment is ineffective. Ultra-filtration membranes and 0.45 μ\Nm filters do not remove glyphosate in Ohio River water even though the effluent turbidity is reduced to below 0.2 NTU. The oxidation results indicate that glyphosate is easily destroyed by chlorine and ozone. Chlorine dioxide, permanganate, and hydrogen peroxide are less successful. These conventional-treatment and adsorption results are confirmed by pilot-scale studies.


The purpose of this research was an analysis of the effects created by an application of experimental treatment on functional abilities of middle-aged women. The research included 45 female subjects. The sample of subjects included women aged 35 to 50 years. The walking program was designed so as to keep the subjects in aerobic working zone at any moment of exercise. On the grounds of the obtained results it was determined that the changes in functional abilities of the subjects happened in the course of longitudinal processes. In the final measurement, three variables including diastolic blood pressure at rest, and working pulse at 65% and 85% of loading have shown lower results after treatment of the walking program.


wherein R represents the residue obtained by removing the isocyanate groups from an organic monomeric diisocyanate, a polyisocyanate adduct or an NCO prepolymer containing hydantoin groups or hydantoin group precursors, R and R. may be identical or different and represent organic groups which are inert towards isocyanate groups at a temperature of 100° C. or less, R. and R may be identical or different and represent hydrogen or organic groups which are inert towards isocyanate groups at a temperature of 100° C. or less, Rs represents the hydrocarbon radical obtained by removing the amino and hydroxyl groups from an amino alcohol, n has a value of 1 to 3 and m has a value of 2 to 6.


The application of ingredients from marine and maritime origins is increasingly common in skin care products, driven by consumer expectations for natural ingredients. However, these ingredients are typically studied for a few isolated in vitro activities.


The paper presents the principal aspects regarding the obtaining of the mixture aluminium - silicon carbide particles. It is discussed about the wetting conditions and the critical acceleration necessary for the incorporation of particles into the melt. The high values obtained for this parameter involve applying some methods to improve the wettability: the covering of the complementary material with a thin layer of Ni, the alloying of the aluminium melt, the overheating of the metallic bath and the heat treatment of the silicon carbide particles. Also, the mechanical stirring conditions necessary to realize the mixture are presented. The settling process of the silicon carbide particles in the melt as a function of particles size, shape and volumetric concentration is also analysed. The presence of complementary material leads to the growth of the mixture viscosity. Therefore, the liquid alloy was investigated like a continuous medium in connection with the apparent viscosity. The main aspects regarding the solidification of metallic composites processed by casting method based upon theoretical concepts, general knowledge about casting of composites and experimental data are discussed. Finally, the specific defects caused by an insufficiently controlled solidification process and prevention measures are shown.


Viaducts are more and more widely used in China. How to ensure the safety of the bridge deck has become a hot issue of concern? Based on the above problems, the application of porous asphalt pavement in bridge deck pavement is also increasing. Based on the porous asphalt pavement project of Shijiazhuang City Ring Road (West Second Ring of Heping West Road), the performance differences between porous asphalt pavement and stone matrix asphalt pavement were studied. By comparing the gradation characteristics and performance of porous asphalt mixture and stone matrix asphalt mixture, the advantages and disadvantages of the two mixtures in road performance were analyzed. At the same time, we carried out on-site braking test, noise test and long-term temperature monitoring on two types of pavement. By comparing the test results, we thought that porous asphalt pavement could reduce the braking distance by up to 7 m in mid-to heavy rain weather, and porous asphalt pavement could reduce 2-6 dB noise, Porous asphalt pavement has better cooling effect than stone matrix asphalt pavement, and the higher the external temperature was, the better the cooling effect of porous asphalt pavement was, and it could reduce 6-8°C in summer. Through the test comparison, we draw the conclusion that the pavement performance of porous asphalt pavement is better than that of stone asphalt pavement.


The generation of terahertz radiation is examined when two-color laser fields are mixed in pre-formed plasma created by another laser pulse. The result confirms the key role of tunneling ionization in the terahertz generation mechanism.


The spatial and scale characteristics of metropolitan areas make an effect on the expansion of cities and the coordinated development between areas in a certain extent.Firstly,based on fractal theory,this paper used the cluster dimension and correlation dimension to analyze the spatial characteristics of the Urumqi urban system.Secondly,utilizing social and economic statistical data of 2007 and 2011,combined with the Zipf model of fractal theory,and through comparison with other Chinese metropolitan areas,this paper used grade-scale dimension to analyze the change of fractal characteristics related to grade-scale of the Urumqi urban system.The results showed that the Urumqi urban system has already formed the self-organization of space fractal characteristics.It presents a state of agglomeration,with Urumqi as the center.The cities within the system keep a close relation and strong interactions.The grade-scale difference of the total retail sales of social consumer goods showed a trend of widening,and the factor of the non-agricultural population,GDP and general budget revenue showed the opponent trend in 2007-2011.In all,through the analysis we can see that the spatial system of the Urumqi Metropolitan Area has been formed,though it's still in an immature condition.The center city of Urumqi plays an important role that it developments fast and strong itself,though,its leading role to the surrounding cities is weak and the radiation effects dose not act well.In short,the grade-scale and spatial structure need a further improvement and optimization so as to promote a coordinated regional development.


historical treatment of the Catholic parish is belied in the footnotes and references. Even though the overwhelming number of accounts about parishes are simple histories of the priests and people, editor Dolan feels that American Catholics have an "aversion to religious history." He says that this work is significantly different from all previous studies of the Catholic parish because it "includes history in its arsenal of intellectual analysis." The fact is that relatively little writing other than historical has been done on the Catholic parish as a community of religious people. The rationale for the subdivision of the American Church into these six regions is not clear, especially when the 742 parishes of the Intermountain West are granted "equal treatment" with 6,457 parishes of the Midwest. The authors were constrained to compress an enormous amount of material within the pages allotted to them, which results in a certain unevenness of content. Nevertheless, these two volumes may well become a popular source of reference for students of the Catholic Church in America. A useful list of recommended readings is specific to each region. Each volume has its own general index, as well as an index by States of places and parishes. The whole work is both readable and informative.


The law of succession is a critical aspect of the law which ensures and guarantees the rights of parties particularly upon the passing away of a person. Hence, the law of succession which is concerned with the legal consequences flowing from death on the deceased person's property, has several issues worth looking at. However, the major worry becomes the management of the deceased's estate especially when there arise a conflict of laws in the realization of that. That burden motivates this paper which has as aim to investigate the conflicts of laws that exist under Cameroonian legal system in relation to the management of the deceased estate. To achieve this objective, data is collected with the use of the doctrinal method and the data collected is analyzed with the use of the thematic content approach method. The ensuing result reveals the various conflicts that arise in the law when the managements of the deceased estate is concern under the Cameroon legal system.


Objective To study the relationship between the of Pregnancy-induced hypertension with retinopathy and perinatal fetus.Methods The retinopathy,blood pressure,protein urine,clinical conditions of patients were investigated in 496 cases of pregnancy induced hypertention.Results Changes in retinopathy were observed in 90.1% of 496 cases.The more severe the retinopathy,the more severe the clinical process including FGR,neonatal asphyxia,illness rate and death rate of neonate.According to the rate of fetal distress,there was no significant difference among all groups(P0.05).Conclusion Eyeground examination is a valuable means in predicting the development of fetal disease.According to the results of eyeground examination,doctors can choose the appropriatal time for the teminition of pregnancy,and make for proper measures.


Magnetic susceptibilities, electrical resistivities and specific heats of Ce 2 Sb, Ce 2 Bi and CeLaBi were measured to clarify these physical properties. The most characteristic points of these compounds are the following. Ce site are two dimensional and the distance between Ce atoms are very small. The similarity between these compounds and CeRh 3 B 2 , in which Ce sites are one dimensional and the distance between Ce atoms are very small, are discussed.


ABSTRACT The prevalence of abnormalities on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) varies in primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients and they are generally multiple hyperintense areas in the subcortical and periventricular white matter on T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences. Here, we report brainstem involvement in a patient with pSS that was extensive on MRI, but reversible. The patient's outcome was positive. To our knowledge, a similar case has not previously been described.


Purpose: The aim of this paper is to compare the Nation Branding initiatives of Sweden and Germany in order to identify important factors while navigating their Nation Brand.
A framework has been developed on the basis of existing theory which has been tested on the objects of the case study. The purpose was to demonstrate possible empirical correlations not described by the theory.
Finally the paper provides an analysis of the deduced theoretical framework which subsequently has been developed and expanded with the new theoretical aspects. Methodology: The paper presents the output of qualitative case study research of the Nation Branding initiatives of Sweden and Germany. An abductive approach was used whereby a deduced framework has been used which subsequently has been expanded through induction. Empirical foundation
The empirical material consists of semi-structured interviews with persons from the respective initiatives and specialists in the field of Nation Branding, as well as information from the websites of the initiatives. Results
The paper has contributed with the addition of three further factors: the learning organization, structure and multipliers which complement the existing theory.


Fluorescent Pseudomonas are known for their plant growth promoting and disease protection abilities. In past years, a number of studies have focused on how these bacteria suppress disease and induce resistance. They are known to produce antibiotics and siderophores, promote growth, and induce systemic resistance in the host plant. This bacterium has come out as a model organism for ecological studies going on in rhizosphere and for studying plant-beneficial microbe interaction. This review focuses on the current state of knowledge on biocontrol potential of fluorescent Pseudomonas strains and the mechanisms adopted by them.


PARHAM, Iris, ed., GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIAL WORK: An Annotated Bibliography. Westport, CT: The Greenwood Press, 1993, 224pp., $49.95 hardcover.What is the purpose of an annotated bibliography? To help scholars, teachers, and practitioners find sources of specific information, without having to search through the literature themselves. To help them find the book or article they need for a particular purpose, as quickly and as easily as possible.Gerontological Social Work: An Annotated Bibliography offers clear descriptions of the works listed, describing the primary focus of the work, as well as how it might be most useful. For example, in the "General Works" section, one book is described as focusing on "particular aspects of housing needs of the elderly" (p.17), while another "provides background on the problem of family abuse and neglect of the elderly" (p.16).One book "would be of particular usefulness in practica which teach group counseling methods" (p.16), while another "could also serve as a good bibliotherapy or self-help tool for family members of older adults."(p.19) As a teacher, I found these descriptions helpful in locating readings to assign my students, as well as in choosing potential textbooks to review.Other strengths of this annotated bibliography include a section on "Resource Information and Materials," with information on relevant professional journals, an extensive subsection on audio visuals, and a listing of key institutions and associations. Most of the audio-visual selections were recent, with clear descriptions as well as information on purchase or rental. This section should be very helpful for teachers and practitioners in developing course content, training modules, and community presentations. This is a good beginning effort to provide the linkage between gerontology and social work.However, this book has several problems which flaw an otherwise fine effort. It is sometimes difficult to find a work, even with a general topic in mind, since: (1) the subject index is limited; (2) the placement of works is confusing; and (3) the subject area of Dying, Death, Grief and Loss, which has long been assumed under gerontology, is practically ignored.For example, the subject index has no listings for "social support", "social networks", or "support networks", even though social support is a key concept in both gerontology and social work, and several works (1-007, 1-016, 1-039,1-149) use these terms (or a variation thereof) in their titles. …


Two modified pitches with softening points of 70 °C (LPA) and 110 °C (HPA) produced from modification of naphthenic vacuum residue were cocarbonized with polystyrene (PS), respectively, and the mesophase pitches were obtained. The effects of reaction time, PS addition, pressure, and properties of raw materials on cocarbonization behavior were analyzed by H/C, quinoline insoluble content (QI), carbon residue value, density, polarized optical images, X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) analysis. Comparing with HPA, the cocarbonization process showed more suitable for LPA to prepare the mesophase pitch due to the favorable occurrence of radical chain transfer reactions between LPA and PS components which contributed to the existence of aliphatic side-chains and naphthenic structures in mesogens as well as the formation of a well-developed mesophase pitch. Mesophase pitch with larger...


Background/aim This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of blood gas and end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2) measurements for predicting return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and for evaluating post-ROSC neurological survival. Materials and methods This was a prospective case control study utilizing Atatürk University's database of adult nontraumatic patients (over 18 years old) with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) over the course of a year. The neurological status of the patients was evaluated after 1 h at ROSC and at hospital discharge, as defined by the cerebral performance category score. The blood gas parameters pH, PO2, PCO2, lactate, and BE were compared with EtCO2 from capnography and arteriol/alveolar carbon dioxide difference (AaDCO2) by using both blood gas and capnography upon admission to the emergency department and at ROSC. Results A total of 155 patients were included in the study to form the control group with ROSC. The PO2, PCO2, and AaDCO2 values showed a prognostic marker for the supply of ROSC (P < 0.05). The EtCO2, lactate, and BE values measured by the blood gas were found to be insignificant in the prediction of ROSC (P > 0.05). Conversely, AaDCO2 was found to be significant in ROSC estimation (P < 0.05), but not in neurological evaluation (P > 0.05). Conclusion Blood gas parameters and EtCO2 are sufficient in predicting ROSC. The value of AaDCO2 calculated using EtCO2 and PO2 may be used in predicting the prognosis of OHCA patients, but this value does not provide any conclusions concerning neurological survival.


Laparoscopic hysterectomy is a common minimally invasive gynecologic surgery in which an assistant is required to manipulate the uterus during the procedure according to the verbal commands of the primary surgeon. However, uterus manipulation is a lengthy and laborious task, where human fatigue may lower operating safety. This paper presents a novel robot-enabled uterus manipulation system that provides accurate, tireless, and direct uterus manipulation. The system consists primarily of a 7-DoF robotic arm tailored for uterus manipulation in laparoscopic hysterectomy. The primary surgeon can directly control the robot using a footswitch pedal to move within the constraint of the Remote Center of Motion (RCM) via software and achieve the desired range of pitch and yaw motion. An additional rotational motion around the instrument axis is provided for twisting the uterus to enhance the exposure of the ligaments and peritoneum for resection. In addition, the robot arm consists of 7 compact modular actuators that provide the target payload for holding the uterus while maintaining a small footprint in a constrained operating environment. To facilitate operation, a passive mobile base is provided for supporting and positioning the robot. A 6-D force sensor is equipped that allows the assistant to quickly guide the robot into the work area and move the robot under RCM constraint using an admittance control approach. The uterus manipulation rod can be easily detached from the robot body by a quick pluggable mechanism for preoperative sterilization. A quick pluggable mechanism was proposed for easy separation and mounting of the uterus manipulation rod from the robot body for preoperative sterilization. Experiments were performed to measure the performance of the modular joints, RCM repeatability, and evaluate the feasibility of the robot in the simulated laparoscopic hysterectomy.


This deals with one of the most memorable parts of Sahajanand's life story. With the formation of the All India Kisan Sabha in 1936, Sahajanand emerged as the topmost peasant leader, and in the process he made a serious attempt to build the Kisan Sabha as an independent and militant organization. With the formation of the Congress Ministry in 1937 and their anti-peasant policy, he held many demonstrations against the Bihar Government. He led the Anti-Compromise Conference in 1940 with the support of Subhas Chandra Bose. In the process, he also tried to work out the consolidation of the left, but to no avail. All this led to his imprisonment in April 1940. He was released from jail in March 1942. Towards the end, Sahajanand makes it clear that he stands for social, political, and economic revolution.


The mechanistic underpinnings of the complex process of plant polysaccharide biosynthesis are poorly understood, largely because of the resistance of glycosyltransferase (GT) enzymes to structural characterization. In Arabidopsis thaliana, a glycosyl transferase family 37 (GT37) fucosyltransferase 1 (AtFUT1) catalyzes the regiospecific transfer of terminal 1,2-fucosyl residues to xyloglucan side chains - a key step in the biosynthesis of fucosylated sidechains of galactoxyloglucan. We unravel the mechanistic basis for fucosylation by AtFUT1 with a multipronged approach involving protein expression, X-ray crystallography, mutagenesis experiments and molecular simulations. Mammalian cell culture expressions enable the sufficient production of the enzyme for X-ray crystallography, which reveals the structural architecture of AtFUT1 in complex with bound donor and acceptor substrate analogs. The lack of an appropriately positioned active site residue as a catalytic base leads us to propose an atypical water-mediated fucosylation mechanism facilitated by an H-bonded network, which is corroborated by mutagenesis experiments as well as detailed atomistic simulations.


The experiments described in this paper have been performed in the physiological laboratories of the University of London, and my best thanks are due to Dr. Augustus Waller, the Director, and to Mr. E. Legge Symes, the Demonstrator in Physiology, for the many facilities that were kindly placed at my service. Especially would I like to add my testimony to the value of the Dubois chloroform apparatus as a means of easily and safely administering chloroform to animals. The cost of these experiments has been defrayed from a grant of the Government Grant Committee of the Royal Society.


The paper entitled "Similes in Novel Looking for Alaska by John Green" focuses on the kinds of simile and the meaning of simile found in the novel. The data was collected by reading the novel intensively, giving underline and taking note the similes found in the novel. The collected data was analyzed using qualitative method based on theory of figurative language, particularly simile. The main theory used in the analysis of the kinds of simile is proposed by Zhang Xiu Guo in a book entitled English Rhetoric (2005) and the analysis of type of meanings uses theory proposed by Leech (1981) in his book entitled Semantics. From the analysis of the data, there were two types of similes found, namely simile in terms of function and structure. Functionally there were three kinds of simile found, they are descriptive, illuminative, and illustrative similes, meanwhile structurally two kinds of similes were identified, they are closed and open similes. The meanings of similes found are connotative and conceptual meanings. Keyword: Simile, Types, Meaning


Artillery's aiming accuracy is affected by various errors when using attitude angle transducer for automatic aiming.To provide theoretical bases for the error correction,it is necessary to identify the major error sources affecting the aiming accuracy.In this paper the error model of automatic aiming is established and primary errors are analyzed and simulated.


Reason for posting : In a letter to health professionals,[1][1] Health Canada and GlaxoSmithKline stated that 1127 reports of suspected adverse drug reactions for bupropion were received between May 1998 and May 28, 2001. Included were reports of 19 deaths (including 1 case of liver failure, 1 case


This article discusses measures proposed to counteract residential segrega tion. Two fundamentally differing strategies are treated: those aiming at the achievement of a greater degree of social mix in local populations, and those whose primary aim is to compensate areas with limited resources. These two kinds of measures are contrasted and compared on several bases, including their political realism, their sensitivity to political and economic swings, and their social consequences for residents.


Nowadays we find more and more videos, especially music videos, that were released on a vertical or portrait format. These format certainly were uncommon ten to fifteen years ago, but nowadays videos that use vertical format can be found anywhere, from amateur youtube videos to professionally made music videos. Certainly, the development of mobile phone technology plays a significant part in how the format came to be but does the mobile phone itself creates the advent of the vertical format? This paper attempts to explain how the vertical format became a format that slowly became popular. From looking at various vertical format videos from the past, examining the technological advances and other contexts that may also influence the format's formation, and also the way people captures moving images; the author attempts to provide an insight on how the vertical format videos became a common thing nowadays.
Based on several literature reviews, the author also compares the vertical format and the horizontal format in hopes to provide insight on how these formats differ. The author also tries to predict how the future of the vertical format may influence cinematography on other media in the long run. The paper concludes by pointing out several ideas on how to respond to the vertical format itself.


classification and comparison with an apt use of circumstantial evidence from history. Nearer home, H. Bott (Munich) discusses an early Lombard brooch from west Bavaria (26-32). R. Egger (Vienna) demonstrates with skill and charm (51-60) the existence of a 'Church of Raetia Secunda' among the eastern Alps in the sixth century, due to the zeal of Bishop Marcian, in the archbishopric of Aquileia. On the nature and topography of Alamannic settlement in south Germany (61—66), P. Goessler (Tubingen) shows cemeteries begun c. 450 at Ulm and Pfullingen lasting till c. 800. And on a similar 'Merovingian to Carolingian' theme, more formally archaeological, the late H. Zeiss (173-80) has left a characteristically exact and intelligent study of the tall or 'sugar-loaf form of Germanic iron shield-boss. Altogether this is a rich miscellany, with something good in it for nearly all tastes.


In snowy areas, snow removal operations cause damage to road markings, so every year there is a considerable amount of money spent on repainting these markings. In this study, we analyze relationship between stripping ratio ( DSR ) calculated from images taken at 20-m intervals from a traveling vehicle and conventional stripping ratio ( ASR ), and relationship between DSR and reflectivity ( RF ) representing nighttime visibility. A method of estimating ASR and RF using sequent images taken from the travelling vehicle is developed. In addition, this method was applied to two national roads in Sapporo City, and the sections where the road markings need to be repainted are identified using the criteria for repainting.


We establish a central limit theorem for multivariate summary statistics of nonstationary α‐mixing spatial point processes and a subsampling estimator of the covariance matrix of such statistics. The central limit theorem is crucial for establishing asymptotic properties of estimators in statistics for spatial point processes. The covariance matrix subsampling estimator is flexible and model free. It is needed, for example, to construct confidence intervals and ellipsoids based on asymptotic normality of estimators. We also provide a simulation study investigating an application of our results to estimating functions.


Risks associated with deliberate use of biological agents to harm human health and the need for a strong public health system are well recognized. In spite of infrequent occurrences of such episodes, the potential use of selected biological agents, with or without genetic alterations, is mounting everyday especially with growing political dissidence as well as religious and resource conflicts in several countries. Countries in the South-East Asia Region of WHO have considerable vulnerability because of dense susceptible populations, poverty, inadequate response capacity and large number of outfits having continuous low intensity conflicts with the established administrative system. Though the high prevalence of communicable diseases and frequent epidemics have stimulated national health authorities to strengthen their early recognition and response systems; these may not be adequate to combat a deliberate onslaught with biological agents. WHO has been sensitizing the countries with the need to integrate preparedness against biological weapons in their national disaster preparedness plans as well as strengthen their core competences in early detection of biological agents, mounting a quick response; strengthening public health and case management infrastructure; creating mechanism for risk communication and forging strong collaborations with other national agencies namely intelligence, defense sector and police.


In this letter we discuss the energy dissipation of short-lived para-positronium (p-Ps) in polymers and silica glass. The S parameter characterizing the Doppler broadening of p-Ps annihilation is determined from the previously reported systematic data of positron annihilation age momentum correlation for various polymers and silica glass. A comparison of the S parameter with that expected for thermalized p-Ps trapped in a free volume reveals that p-Ps is not thermalized and possesses excess energy in fluorinated polymers and silica glass, indicating that it is difficult for Ps to lose energy in substances containing heavy elements such as fluorine and silicon.


This article examines an unpublished film script for The Wings of the Dove, written by Robert Stevenson and commissioned by David O. Selznick in 1949. The article discusses how James's text was deliberately reshaped as a vehicle for one of Selznick's contract actresses–Ingrid Bergman, Jennifer Jones–and subsequently discusses how Stevenson incorporated elements commonly found in women's films of the '40s. It will also show how the novel is rewritten so that the main focus of attention centers on the romantic triangle of Milly, Kate and Densher–a characteristic convention of many women's films of the period.


The interferon-stimulated gene 15 ubiquitin-like modifier (ISG15) encodes an IFN-inducible, ubiquitin-like protein. The ISG15 protein forms conjugates with numerous cellular proteins that are involved in a multitude of cellular functions, including interferon-induced immune responses and the regulation of cellular protein turnover. The expression of ISG15 and ISG15-mediated conjugation has been implicated in a wide range of human tumors and cancer cell lines, but the roles of ISG15 in tumorigenesis and responses to anticancer treatments remain largely unknown. In this review, we discuss the findings of recent studies with regard to the role of ISG15 pathways in cancers of the digestive system.


Granitoid rocks are widely distributed in Motianling Area and Yanbaoshan Area in northern Guangxi.According to rock geochemistry,these granitoid rocks are characterized by relatively enriched in Si、K and poor in Na、Ca、Ba、Sr、Eu,and have higher LREE.These rocks belong to alkaline——calcium-alkaline granites,and have high fractional crystallization.Based on the analysis of their petrogenesis,it is concluded that the granitoid rocks are formed at the collision between the Cathaysia block and the Yangtze block or between the Yangtze block and a certain island arc block,and are postorogenic granites.


Organic bioelectronic sensors are gaining momentum as they can combine high‐performance sensing level with flexible large‐area processable materials. This opens to potentially highly powerful sensing systems for point‐of‐care health monitoring and diagnostics at low cost. Prominent to detect biochemical recognition events, are electrolyte‐gated organic field‐effect transistors (EGOFETs) and organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) as they are easily fabricated and operated. EGOFETs are recently shown to be capable of label‐free single‐molecule detections, even in serum. This progress report aims to provide a critical perspective through a selected overview of the literature on both EGOFET and OECT biosensors. Attention is paid to correctly attribute them to the potentiometric and amperometric biosensor categories, which is important to set the right conditions for quantification purposes. Moreover, to deepen the understanding of the sensing mechanisms, with the support of unpublished data, focus is put on two among the most critical aspects, namely, the capacitance interplay and the role of Faradaic currents. The final aim is to provide a rationale of the functional mechanisms encompassing both EGOFET and OECT sensors, to improve materials and devices' designs taking advantage of the processes that enhance the sensing response enabling the extremely high‐performance level resulting in ultimate sensitivity, selectivity, and fast response.


Flutter means the vibration of an aircraft or glider in flight caused by elastic, mass and aerodynamic forces.  Flutter calculations determine the minimum flight speed at which un-damped vibrations may occur.  The results presented here were obtained using the flutter calculation program founded by IPPT PAN in Warsaw.  The program determines the aerodynamic forces from Theodorsen's in-stationary aerodynamic theory. The calculations showed that critical flutter speed decreases as altitude increases.  There are also some kinds of flutter which are possible only at high altitudes.  The possibility of changing the regulations should be considered for well documented cases.  Because of the possibility of new instability areas at altitudes exceeding the test flight altitude, the flutter analysis should be extended up to the estimated operational ceiling of the sailplanes before test flights are started.  A wider flutter analysis would involve slightly higher cost of calculations.


IntroductionMotion analysis is a validated method of assessing technical dexterity within surgical skills centers. A more accessible and cost-effective method of skills assessment is to use a global rating scale (GRS). We aimed to perform a validation experiment to compare an arthroscopic GRS against motion analysis for monitoring orthopaedic trainees learning simulated arthroscopic meniscal repairs.MethodsAn arthroscopic meniscal repair task on a knee simulator was set up in a bioskills laboratory. Nineteen orthopaedic trainees with no experience of meniscal repair were recruited and their performance assessed whilst undertaking a standardized meniscal repair on 12 occasions. An arthroscopic GRS, assessing parameters such as "depth perception," "bimanual dexterity," "instrument handling," and "final product analysis" was used to evaluate technical skill. Performance was assessed blindly by watching video recordings of the arthroscopic tasks. Dexterity analysis was performed using a motion analysis tracki...


In early 2015, the Indiana State Department of Health received a report of 11 confirmed HIV cases occurring among injection-drug users in a rural


A characterization of eroded soil properties, especially size, is required for proper usage of modern process-based soil erosion models. In a study addressing reclaimed mine land erodibility, over 350 measured eroded aggregate size distributions were collected from erosion plots created on reclaimed and nearby unmined soils at three separate strip mine sites. The experimental design allowed for a comparison of eroded aggregate size distributions as a function of land slope, run sequence, and reclamation treatment. No influence of slope was apparent, as distributions collected from plots constructed at 6% slope were coarser than those collected from 18% slope, but finer than those collected from 12%. Samples collected during extra inflow runs, in which runoff rates, flow velocity, and rill erosion were greatest, had coarser distributions than samples collected during rainfall only runs, which tended to have similar distributions. Distributions from reclaimed topsoil treatments were similar to nearby unmined soils and were distinct from subsoil reclamation treatments. At two sites, topsoil treatments had coarser distributions, while the converse was true at the third.


Seismic tomography technique has been widely applied to different tectonic environments around the world and proved as a powerful tool to retrieving the information of Earth's interior. The understanding of complex tectonic processes largely relies on how extensive and accurate structural imaging we can resolve, and is therefore of primary importance to proceed. In this dissertation, we attempted to improve our imaging ability in a scale of crust-to-upper mantle by the joint inversion with multiple datasets, including various phases of seismic waves and geotechnical data, to better clarify the tectonic interpretations for the Vietnam and the Taiwan region.
The dissertation mainly consists of three projects. In the first, with a newly deployed portable broadband array and the local seismic network in northern Vietnam, we used the crustal P-wave (Pg) and uppermost-mantle head-wave (Pn) data to obtain the first local 3-D P-wave velocity model and the related Moho depth variation. Our results show a good correlation with the surface geology and major structures, and reveal that the RRSZ is likely a lithospheric-scale structure penetrating to the uppermost mantle with mantle thermal anomalies. The northern Vietnam in general appears to possess a weak crust and hot upper mantle with a long and complex thermo-tectonic history probably induced by the past delamination.
In the second project, we studied the velocity structures of Taiwan orogen by jointly using the seismological and geotechnical data with a highly dense seismic network. Although the previous tomographic achievements in Taiwan region have been fruitful, most of them were P-wave velocities (Vp), or with Vp/Vs ratio jointly, but few for S-wave velocities (Vs). However, to better unravel the tectonic complexity of Taiwan, interpreting with all three indicators could be crucial. But models from different studies are hard to compare and verify to each other due to different datasets and inversion settings. Therefore, we attempted to provide a new set of Vp, Vs, and Vp/Vs models in comparable resolution and internal consistency by an elaborate joint-inversion scheme; in which a special constraint by the borehole logging data was also imposed on the near-surface part of model where is usually poor-resolved by ordinary inversion. Derived models show tremendous changes of shallow velocities than previous studies and copious information with mutual verifications of Vp, Vs, and Vp/Vs, rendering us to clearly delineate the west-dipping interaction between the Eurasian lithosphere and the subducting Philippine Sea plate, and the southward evolution of the Coastal Range and forearc basement. To further expand the model resolution to the deeper depth to explore the slab geometry beneath Taiwan region (especially for north of 23°N latitude), in the third project we measured and combined the teleseismic data into tomographic inversion. Rather than the direct joint inversion, we adopted a two-step strategy to invert an accurate local model first by local data only, and then implement a nonlinear joint inversion with the teleseismic data together (without fixing the ray-incident points at the model bottom). Results show that the deep extension of the eastward subducting Eurasian plate can be retrieved readily to ca. 200 km deep with a plausible slab deflection around the latitude 23.2°N. We then constructed a 3-D schematic model accordingly for Taiwan region.
We ultimately summarized the achievements for respective projects, and their prospections for future works. In addition, two side projects done in my Ph.D period are also briefly introduced and supplemented: One is studying the out-of-ordinary Jiasian, Taiwan earthquake (Mw=6.3) for its tectonic implications, and the other is using the spatial seismicity and stress pattern to explore and construct the northern-Taiwan kinematic model.


The invention provides a manufacturing method and a manufacturing apparatus for an electrical device with film covering. The manufacturing method for the electrical device with film covering according to the invention can be employed to realize the effect that electrolyte is hard to be uneven in permeation in a battery set so that the electrolyte can be filled within a short time period. The manufacturing method for the electrical device with film covering comprises a pressure reducing procedure for reducing the pressure inside an electrolyte filling cavity equipped with a bag-shaped laminated film package body to lower than the atmospheric pressure, wherein the bag-shaped laminated film package body is provided with an opening part and accommodates the battery set, and the battery set is provided with an anode and a cathode which are laminated up and separated by an insulating film; an electrolyte filling procedure for filling the electrolyte of a specified amount from the opening part into the package body, after the pressuring reducing procedure; and a pressuring increasing and reducing procedure for increasing the pressure inside the electrolyte filling cavity to higher than the pressure in the electrolyte filling procedure and then reducing the pressure, after the electrolyte filling procedure and before sealing the opening part.


Video monitoring system, which is based on computer technology and combined with multimedia, network, is a new kind of surveillance system. This paper introduces the process of the construction of a video monitoring system, makes a demonstration of the realization of the main function modules, including multi-channel monitoring, motion detection, video compressing and transferring.


In the present study, amylose tris(phenylcarbamate)(ATPC) and amylose tris(3,5 dimethylphenylcarbamate)(ADMPC) were synthesized, and used as the chiral stationary phases upon adsorption over silica gel. These stationary phases offered a practically useful chiral column with a high enantiomer separability. Amylose was allowed to react with an excess of phenylisocyanate or 3,5 dimethylphenylisocyanate in pyridine for 48 h. The carbamates obtained were dissolved and adsorbed on silica gel which had been treated with 3 aminopropyltriethoxysilane. The weight ratio of the carbamate to the silica gel was 0 45/2 55. The eight thio glycidyl ethers were resolved on the two chiral stationary phases. Separation was carried out with a hexane/2 propanol mixture at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min at room temperature. The effects of chiral stationary phases and 2 propanol concentration on the retention and resolution were investigated.


A54-year-oldwomanpresentedwitha6-monthhistoryofwaterydiarrheaandseverehalitosis. She also lost more than 30 kg of weight during this period. Physical examination revealedacutecachexiawithconjunctivalpallorandan immobile nontendermass in the left upper abdomen.Her laboratory test results revealedamicrocytic anemiaand hypoalbuminemia. Abdominal computed tomography was performed (Figure 1). The patient was scheduled for exploratory laparotomy and resection. Quiz at jamasurgery.com Figure 1. A large central necrotic mass is shown in this computed tomography image of the abdomen.


If one is sick of wading through a clogged email inbox or scrolling through endless Twitter timelines, Jorg Muller has a more fun way of sifting through messages: sound. In his audio-enabled "BoomRoom" at the Technical University of Berlin in Germany, emails and tweets fly around like a flock of birds, each chirping a subtly different sound that identifies the sender. Being able to direct sound in such a focused way has only recently become possible thanks to smarter audio processing algorithms, directional loudspeakers and gesture-recognition technology, says Muller. His flying email concept might still seem a bit far-fetched, but steering sound exactly where it is wanted is already catching on elsewhere in a number of different real-world applications. One day, it might even help create smart homes that can speak to their visually impaired owners. Here, Marks discusses the ability to place sound exactly where one wants it that has all kinds of unusual uses.


As domestic coke requirement diminished in the 1980`s, Clairton reduced the number of operating batteries to 12 with an effective annual capacity of 4.6 million tons. Replacement of 35 existing shell and tube-type gas coolers with six new direct spray-type coolers is demonstrating that lower outlet temperatures are obtained on a consistent basis, provide preheated feed stream to boilers, as well as being simpler to operate and maintain.


The increase in smartphone ownership presents new opportunities for libraries to reach their users beyond traditional communication channels. This article describes a grant-funded project to design and develop a smartphone application to enhance library outreach activities at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte's J. Murrey Atkins Library. Adapting strategies commonly used by retailers in proximity marketing, the application utilizes technologies such as Bluetooth and iBeacon to deliver information about resources and services directly to mobile devices when users enter the library. The authors describe the project's initial development process and offer future directions for mobile marketing technology in libraries.


This paper presents the weather data, solar insolation and Scheffler concentrator energy availability analysis at Al Seeb, which is one of the most populated regions in Muscat, Oman. This analysis is based on the data recorded using an all-in-one weather station installed at our institute. The solar insolation, wind velocity, and atmosphere temperature data have been analyzed and presented on a daily, monthly and yearly basis along with their minimum, maximum and average values. The solar thermal energy availability for the 16 m2 standing type Fixed focus Scheffler concentrator has been assessed at Al Seeb, Muscat, Oman location. The loss of energy due to optical losses, tracking errors, mirror specular errors, mirror and receiver misalignments, etc., along with the aperture area calculations have been considered while estimating the available energy for the Scheffler concentrator. This analysis can be used for developing medium-temperature industrial applications in the region using Scheffler concentrators. The weather data and solar energy availability analysis presented in the paper may be useful to the designers to design and simulate solar and wind energy-based systems at the location. Apart from this, the information presented in the paper can also be useful to planners and contractors for the selection of energy systems and energy-related projects at the location.


Oxide superlattices provide a platform for leveraging charge, orbital, and lattice degrees of freedom to manipulate order parameters and access exotic phases and phenomena. A prominent example is the family of SrTiO 3 /PbTiO 3 superlattices, which exhibits a variety of topological phases tuned by the periodicity of the paraelectric and ferroelectric layers. In short-period structures interfacial coupling of rotational distortions gives rise to improper ferroelectricity [1], while in long-period structures flux-closure domains emerge [2], and in the intermediate range (tens of unit cells) exotic topologies such as waves, vortices, and skyrmions can be observed [3]. In this intermediate range (SrTiO 3 ) 16 (PbTiO 3 ) 16 has been shown to host ferroelectric polarization vortex arrays which exhibit long-range order at room temperature [4]. Spatially resolved electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) measurements on this system have shown that the material's electronic structure is modulated within the polar vortex structures that emerge in the ferroelectric PbTiO 3 layers. Changes to the local crystal field are reflected in the