Teaching English for Academic Purposes (EAP) courses is highly demanding for EAP teachers as they are faced with diverse pedagogical and administrative challenges in such courses. This study addressed the level of burnout among EAP teachers and variations in relation to their demographic and organizational characteristics. To this aim, a demographic questionnaire along with the Persian version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was administered to 276 EAP teachers from state universities in Iran. The results revealed that a considerable number of EAP teachers reported mid-levels of personal accomplishment. Moreover, variations in degree of burnout were found among EAP teachers in relation to marital status, age, years of experience in teaching EAP and content/general English courses, educational background, and the field and number of EAP courses taught. Also, EAP teachers with different demographic and organizational characteristics who were more susceptible to burnout were identified. Finally, implications for enhancing the working conditions of EAP teachers are presented.


Thank you for downloading lab supplement for corbins concepts of physical fitness and wellness. Maybe you have knowledge that, people have look hundreds times for their chosen novels like this lab supplement for corbins concepts of physical fitness and wellness, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some harmful virus inside their computer.


An article is dedicated to subject of anti-totalitarian expressions in the language, which we define as an alternative communicative discourse in conditions of the rule of soviet totalitarian ideology. On Ukrainian territory an alternative discourse was forming in the medium of creative intelligentsia — the members of the national support movement in the second half of the XX century. The specifics of language forms in resistance to totalitarian system, especially in the idiostyle of particular linguistic identity, has not become the subject of research in Ukrainian linguistics yet. Such review is important for understanding the universal system of similar language forms with a description of their mechanisms, means and techniques. The purpose of article is to detection of linguistics forms and means an anti-totalitarian communication in Ukrainian dissident environment, based on Ivan and Nadiia Svitlychni' epistolary, journalistic, artistic and memoir texts, and making its linguistic description. For this work were used an empirical observation, descriptive and analytical, contextual analysis methods with some elements of biographical analyzing. Factual material analyze gives reason to believe that the communist totalitarian system and the newspeak, as an outfitting of ideological dogmas have triggered the appearance of a language resistance in the environment of Ukrainian dissidents-sixties. Study of the contents of the letters, articles, artistic works and memoirs of Ivan and Nadiia Svitlychni shows the presence of idiostyle features, which we consider as language forms of resistance to the Soviet ideology. There are the parody of the official discourse, introduction of units of the soviet newspeak in the ironic, comic and critical context, deformation of precedent texts of the newspeak — slogans, stable expressions, stamps, cliche, etc., the combination of contrast components for its functional purposes of presentation, application of the Aesopian language and elements of the language game. Lexical units of newspeak were implemented into text for its stylization under totalitarian discourse. This allowed to go around censorship, and at the same time, due to by getting into an unusual context, these units lost a positive connotative color, acquiring the opposite. Deformation of precedent texts caused the destruction of official ideological standards, totalitarian myths, propaganda narratives and exposing true essence of the Soviet system. Further studies perspective lies in the study of language practices other representatives of the Ukrainian resistance movement from the point of view of their opposition to the Soviet ideological discourse. Keywords: Anti-totalitarian language, the Resistance Movement, linguistic forms of resistance, alternative discourse, ironic context, critical context, reception of contrast


The essence of HUANG Ting-jian's "source for every word" is to teach people to use words correctly;the key point of "to turn iron into gold" lies in " to cultivate everything";the aim of "duo tai huan gu"(to learn from predecessors without making any sign while creating something new) is to inherit and develop the tradition in the long history of the development of poetic meaning.This article tries to illustrate the meaning of "duo tai huan gu",and expound and prove the wrong use of "tuo tai"(coming out from the original womb) as "duo tai"(seizing another womb) and the wrong use of "bu yi"(not dependent) as "bu yi"(not easy).


A hybrid predictive control strategy is proposed which can efficiently deal with the speed regulation control of permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) in wind-energy conversion system. A single linear MPC controller is designed with a simpler linearization model. Model predictive controller generates control voltages which are iuput into PWM controller. Thus PMSG can be controlled by three-phase inverter while the duty cycles are generated by PWM predictive controller. Simulation results indicate that the proposed control strategy has the simple structure, small calculation demand, and good control performance.


Abstract : The United States fields the most capable military the world has seen. Some are concerned that the Nation will settle into complacency and wait for the historic norm -- for the high cost of military failure to stimulate change. Such repose would be inconsistent with the record of innovation the Armed Forces have realized over the past two decades and with the goals of current Department of Defense (DoD) leadership. Secretary Donald Rumsfeld and senior military leaders are intent on transforming U.S. forces to better prepare for 21st century challenges. Among other things, according to the DoD Transformation Planning Guidance of April 2003, pursuing transformation means the Department must align itself with the information revolution not just by exploiting information technology, but by developing information- enabled organizational relationships and operating concepts. Put differently, the emerging American way of war means fighting first for information dominance. Nothing better exemplifies this bold push for transformation and information dominance than the DoD commitment to make information operations (IO) a core military competency. On October 30, 2003, Secretary Rumsfeld signed the Information Operations Roadmap, a detailed plan being implemented by the Pentagon. This article introduces the IO roadmap to a broader military audience to stimulate debate on its implications. The article summarizes the roadmap's contents in five major areas: IO policy, effective command and control and supporting organizations, a trained and ready career force, focused analytic and intelligence support, and enhanced core information capabilities.


Botulinum toxin type A (BTX‐A) has been used experimentally under various dermatological conditions. Recent studies have revealed a preventive effect of BTX‐A against ultraviolet B (UVB)‐induced skin hyperpigmentation.


Many of the stories that have appeared in this column recount the way in which the timely appearance of a paper catalyzed the pursuit of a new line of research. The experience is, happily, not limited to new papers. One of the greatest pleasures in research is to discover (or more accurately, to rediscover) a gem of a paper that has been in the literature for some time but whose findings or promise have not yet been realized. The rediscovery of Mendel's work or the re-examination of Walcott's interpretations of the Cambrian fauna of the Burgess Shale are famous examples of this, but our more modest excursion from the comfortable confines of Drosophila melanogaster developmental genetics to the psychedelic world of butterfly wing patterns was also triggered by such a rediscovery. In the early 1980s, I was prompted to work on the developmental genetics of Drosophila melanogaster by the conviction that the way to achieve an understanding of morphological evolution was through the genetic basis of animal form. Yet, for the next decade, I did not initiate any comparative or evolution-oriented work. In part, my hesitation was due to a sense that, because we had so much to learn about developmental regulatory mechanisms in model systems, comparative studies would be superficial at best. Part of the problem, however, was my failure to identify tractable models for such comparative work. A casual conversation on a seminar visit at Duke University in 1991 turned things around. While hurrying across a parking lot to make my next appointment, Fred Nijhout asked me, quite innocently, whether the mechanisms we were studying that position bristles on the fruitfly could help explain what really interested him — the formation and diversity of butterfly wing color patterns. "I don't know," was my lame answer but I promised Fred I would think about it. As I knew nothing about butterflies (I was not a collector as a kid because houseflies were about the most exciting fauna in Toledo, Ohio), I went to the literature to find out about their wing patterns. Much of what had been published, I learned, had been written by Fred. I found a pair of papers written in 1980 that describe some remarkable manipulations of butterfly wing patterns [1,2]. The central interest was in eyespots, the variously colored concentric rings of pigmented scales that are used by Lepidoptera to avoid predation. Fred surmised that these rings were organized by a focal source at their center so he tested this idea by ablating small areas of the developing wing. Sure enough, the presumptive centers were necessary for the formation of the eyespots. More spectacularly, when Fred transplanted these centers to other sites on the wing, new eyespots were induced. The eyespot center, or focus, was clearly a developmental organizer on a par with more famous regions or zones of amphibian embryos or vertebrate limb buds. Moreover, the organizer and eyespot patterns had evolved within this order of insects. So, Fred's experiments had identified two big questions in one sweep. First, what are the developmental mechanisms underlying the formation and activity of the focus? And second, how does a new organizer evolve, superimposed on the conserved general ground plan of an insect wing? Fred's results had been known for a dozen years, but no molecular studies of the eyespot focus had materialized. This was our golden opportunity because, although we knew very little about butterflies, we were immersed in the genetic dissection of Drosophila wing development. We just used our knowledge from flies to take a look at how butterflies might do things similarly, or better yet, differently. We did, indeed, discover that eyespots were special and formed from unique patterning systems operating within the butterfly wing. Our migration into butterfly wing development opened our eyes to many questions that could be pursued with these beautiful animals and served as our training ground for comparative approaches to more exotic creatures. It has fostered interdisciplinary and collaborative approaches to ecology, genetics, development and evolutionary biology that were not foreseen when we began. Our initial rediscovery of Nijhout's work has led to our rediscovery of classic work on mimicry, melanism, plasticity and other phenomena that beg for a developmental and genetic explanation and that frame our current agenda. Most scientists will admit to occasional serendipitous discoveries. Magazine R511


The joint education programs between Sino-Russian universities are the main forms of cooperation in higher education. This article briefly reviews the history, current situation and characteristics of higher education cooperation between China and Russia, and analyzes the main problems in Sino-Russian cooperation in higher education concerning laws and regulations, safety, educational levels, language competence, student distribution and discipline selections.


As enterprising is nowadays considered to be an activity orientated on reaching benefit, i tis important to realize that enterprising activity is connected with responsibiity of subjects towards their employees, state economy and environment. In our bachelor thesis socially responsible enterprising is analysed. In the teoretical part basic terms sucha s enterprising, enterpreneur and socially responsible enterprising are defined. Than it analyses teoretical knowledge about responsible enterprising, principles of responsible enterprising and it also dedicates to the most famous world movements of socially responsible organization. In the practical part of the thesis an analysis is made which is based on questionnaire research carried out by addressed enterprising subjects. The aim of analysis is to refer to contemporary condition of responsible enterprising, to behaviour of enterprising subjects in te social, economical and enviromental area. At the end of the thesis there are some recommendations for the practice.


. For determination of ploidy levels in bivalves, three techniques are now routinely used: karyological determination, microfluorimetry and flow cytometry. This paper proposes an alternative technique which is based on determination of the optical density (OD) of stained nuclei using image analysis. A karyological and image analysis comparative experiment conducted on juveniles of Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg) and Ruditapes philippinarum (Adam & Reeve) is described and highlights the advantages of the image analysis technique. Initially developed on C. gigas and R. philippinarum, the image analysis method was easily extended to other bivalve species and to different developmental stages, as demonstrated by two experiments conducted on Ostrea edulis (L.). First, percentage of triploids was consistent from the D-larval to the adult stage of development, despite the use of different preparation techniques depending on the stage examined. Second, a rise in ploidy percentage demonstrated a differential mortality between diploid and triploid animals. Image analysis techniques are cheaper than flow cytometry but more expensive than microfluorimetry. However, image analysis equipment can also be used for algae, eggs and spermatozoa counting, and other purposes such as fluorescence measurements, analysis of autoradiographs and electrophorcsis gels, and measurement of immuno-histochemical reactions.


There are two independent variants of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) with totally independent functions. Both forms share the 92 amino acid α-subunit and the 145 amino acid β-subunit. Regular hCG is a hormone with eight sugar side chains, four biantennary N-linked sugar structures and four trisaccharide O-linked sugar structures (molecular weight: 36,700). Hyperglycosylated hCG is an autocrine with eight sugar side chains, four triantennary N-linked oligosaccharides and four hexasaccharide O-linked oligosaccharides (molecular weight: 40,500). Hyperglycosylated hCG is produced by cytotrophoblast cells and regular hCG is formed by fused differentiated syncytiotrophoblast cells. These two molecules together coordinate most aspects of pregnancy. Research over the past 40 years has demonstrated that regular hCG promotes progesterone production by the corpus luteum, promotes angiogenesis of uterine spiral arteries, inhibits macrophage rejection of the implanting placenta, promotes growth of the umbilical co...


In 1995, an outbreak of a leaf beetle, Phratora californica Brown (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), began in a three-generation Populus trichocarpa Torr. & Gray × Populus deltoides Bartr. pedigree planting near the lower Columbia River in Oregon. This outbreak provided us with an opportunity to assess leaf beetle feeding patterns and the genetics of cottonwood resistance to defoliation. We developed a method for estimating damage levels by training personnel to visually estimate percent damage in leaf samples. Digital image analysis was used to measure damage to the leaves used in the training. Based on a sample of 300 trees from 100 genotypes, herbivory was found to be greatest in the upper canopy and in the fall. Broad-sense heritability was estimated to be 0.88 and 0.80 for July and October, respectively, demonstrating that resistance to P. californica is under relatively strong genetic control. Resistance in the F2 likely came from the P. trichocarpa parent, because this parent was less susceptible, on ave...


Hydrophobic silica aerogels with ultra-low densities have been designed and developed as cosmic dust capture media for the Tanpopo mission which is proposed to be carried out on the International Space Station. Glass particles as a simulated cosmic dust with 30 µm in diameter and 2.4 g/cm 3 in density were successfully captured by the novel aerogel at a velocity of 6 km/s. Background levels of contaminated DNA in the ultra-low density aerogel were lower than the detection limit of a polymerase chain reaction assay. These results show that the manufactured aerogel has good performance as a cosmic dust collector and sufficient quality in respect of DNA contamination. The aerogel is feasible for the biological analyses of captured cosmic dust particles in the astrobiological studies.


We used immunohistochemistry to study glomerular expression of the proliferation-associated antigen Ki-67 and ƒ¿-smooth muscle actin (ƒ¿SMA) in kidney biopsies from IgA nephropathy (IgAN), a type of proliferative glomerulonephritis. The non-proliferative glomerular disease, diabetic glomerulosclerosis (DGS) and idiopathic membranous nephropathy (MN) were also examined. Quantitative evaluation of the immunostaining results showed a significant increase in the number of Ki-67-positive (Ki-67+) cells in IgAN as compared to both DGS and MN, while glomerular ƒ¿SMA expression was significantly higher in DGS and IgAN compared to MN. There was a significantly positive correlation between the number of Ki-67+ cells and ƒ¿SMA expression in the glomerulus in IgAN ; however, there was no correlation between the expression of these factors in DGS or MN. Furthermore, in IgAN, the number of Ki-67+ cells in the glomerulus was significantly correlated to both urinary protein excretion and serum creatinine levels, but there was no relationship between the glomerular expression of ƒ¿SMA and these clinical features. In addition, neither DGS nor MN exhibited a correlation between the number of Ki-67+ cells or ƒ¿SMA expression and clinical findings. The estimation of urinary protein excretion is one of the most important laboratory measures for human glomerular diseases. Therefore, using Ki-67 expression to evaluate the proliferative activity of mesangial cells in renal biopsies may be useful for evaluation of both disease severity and activity in IgA nephropathy.


Based on successful selection of Actinidia deliciosa Jiangshan 90-1, observations were made on properties of botany and biology for understanding genetic stability of the new variety. Extension experiment of the new variety demonstrated the ecological adaptability, meanwhile studies were carried out on high yield cultivation technique of the variety.


S. Kubie, The Neurotic Distortion of The Creative Process (Lawrence: University of Kansas, 1958) and "The Fostering of Scientific Creative Productivity," Daedalus, Spring 1962. I have observed typical such cases of once-fertile minds gone sterile some time after 25 or even earlier. The extreme case of combined intellec tual and moral sterility, is typified among the radically empiricist mathematical formalists, such as the followers of Bertrand Russell. I have compared the onset of this type of neurotic disorder, as I observed it first among members of my own generation, and, since the mid-1960's, among the "Baby Boomer" generation. Typical onset in both cases, occurred some time between the mid-twenties and mid-thirties. The typical difference between those two genera tions on this account, is the effect of the mid-1960's transition from a production-oriented culture, to a "consumer society," and, later, the hedonistic depths of a "credit-card-with-sex culture."


LHCb is a dedicated experiment to study new physics in the decays of beauty and charm hadrons at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The Vertex Locator (VELO) is the silicon detector surrounding the interaction point, and compared to the vertex detectors of the other LHC experiments, it is the closest LHC vertex detector to the beam interaction point, being located only 7 mm from the beam during normal operation. The detector operates in an extreme and highly nonuniform radiation environment. The VELO consists of two retractable detector halves with 21 silicon micro-strip tracking modules each. The VELO has been commissioned and successfully operated during the initial running period of the LHC. The preliminary operational results and detector performances are reported.


Bachelor´s thesis deals with the issue of thromboembolic disease in orthopedy. It is divided into theoretical and research parts. In the theoretical part there is described the anatomy of the vein system of hindlimbs and the disease of thromboflebitis, deep vein thrombosis and acute lung embole. Another part deals with risky factors, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment of thromboembolic disease in orthopedy where is described nursing care of a patient with deep vein thrombosis. The research part is divided into statistics data from the documentation of the orhopedic department in a district hospital and the ones from the consequent research in this department. In the final discussion there evaluated the aims and research questions.


The laser welding process is a typical nonlinear system with disturbances and noises. To obtain unbiased estimation of unknown parameters,the correlation-least square method is used to identify nonlinear system and does not require a large number of sample data. Aiming at the high-power diode laser welding control system,this paper adopts a nonlinear identification method of the correlation-least square to establish a nonlinear model in which parameters are linear. The actual step response data show that this model can represent the steady-state and dynamic characteristics of welding process very well.


This study aimed to reflect on narratives and experiences of communication professionals with regard to madness. To understand this experience, we interviewed 14 communication professionals in Salvador: five journalists from four newspapers, five journalists from four television stations and four broadcasters from four radio stations (AM and FM radio). We chose social constructionism as the methodological approach to guide this research because it allows for broader capture of the sense of madness. The views about madness that arose in the narratives took on three dimensions: conceptions of madness; experiences and living with madness; and the relationship between madness and the media. The narratives produced took positions taken from past experience and reflected social practices, such as activity in the media.


We propose a privacy preserving access control scheme for data storage, which supports anonymous authentication and per forms decentralized key management. As people are becoming more concerned about their identity privacy these days, the identity privacy also needs to be protected before the cloud enters our life. Cloud computing system should be resilient in the case o f security breach in which some part of the system is compromised by attackers. In several distributed systems a user should only be able to access data if a user posses a certain set of credentials or attributes. AnonyControl to address not only the data privacy, but also the user identity privacy in existing access control schemes.


Introduction: The ears are one of the most important organs of sense, which allow humans to hear, receive information, communicate, interact, and socialize with others. The hearing impairment will hinder the life and socialization of human beings. Children who are born with hearing impairment will become deaf-mute; therefore, hearing impairment must be detected and managed early and thoroughly. The outbreak of COVID-19 has an impact on the early detection and management of hearing impairment. Socialization in the form of education on early detection and management of hearing impairment in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic to frontline medical personnel is needed. The educational activities aim to increase the medical personnel's knowledge to conduct early detection and management of hearing impairment in the COVID-19 pandemic.


Utility is an important factor for serviceproviders, and they try to increase their utilities through adopting different policies and strategies. Because of unpredictable failures in systems, there are many scenarios in which the failures may cause random losses for service providers. Loss sharing can decrease negative effects of unexpected random losses. Because of capabilities of learning automata in random and stochastic environments, in this paper, a new learning automaton based method is presented for loss sharing purpose. It is illustrated that the loss sharing can be useful for service providers and helps them to decrease negative effect of the random losses. The presented method can be used especially in collaborative environments such as federated clouds. Results of the conducted experiments show the usefulness of the presented approach to improve utility of service providers.


This paper develops a conceptual framework to understand the value of an increasing number of university study programmes that send students to the global south by learning through volunteering. We ask the research question what determines the benefit that these activities bring to the host community. To understand this, we conceptualise these activities as academic student volunteerism and propose a framework to understand the value of these activities using Callahan & Thomas's (2005) volunteer tourism framework. We examine our research question using a single case study of a Minor programme in a Dutch university, exploring how course design and student selection affect student behaviour as an antecedent step to creating student benefits. We identify six kinds of factors that appear to promote 'deeper' (better) contributions and argue that these six factors require further analysis to better realise university contributions to societal development in Global South contexts.


Abstract A 31-year-old man developed diarrhea, fatigue, and intermittent fever for 2 weeks. The past few days he had experienced increasing dyspnea and dry cough. Ambulatory reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction testing was positive for SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). Because of elevated d-dimer (1.5 mg/L), a lung scintigraphy (V/Q scan) was performed as SPECT/CT. Ventilation SPECT showed reduced ventilation with central nuclide deposition, whereas perfusion SPECT was inconspicuous, excluding pulmonary embolism. However, the low-dose CT revealed bilateral ground-glass opacities as previously described in COVID-19. This case highlights the procedure and findings of V/Q scanning (without embolism) in COVID-19.


Multicentric Castleman's disease is a rare condition in HIV-infected patients that poses several difficulties in terms of diagnosis and treatment. The association of Multicentric Castleman's disease with the hemophagocytic syndrome is even less common and worsens the prognosis. Here we report a case of an HIV-infected patient with low-grade fever and pulmonary involvement with polyadenopathies diagnosed as multicentric Castleman's disease associated with the hemophagocytic syndrome, successfully treated with the combination of rituximab and etoposide.


The Ammonium Nitrate explosion that shook West, Texas in April 2013 revealed deficiencies in the current regulatory enforcement system used for chemical safety and security in the United States. This cannot be said to be a failure of existing regulations. Rather, it is a failure in enforcement as federal regulators either had not inspected the site in decades—as with OSHA—or had not been aware of its existence at all, as with Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Regulations cannot be effective if they are not enforced and cannot be enforced unless the regulator knows who the members of the regulated community are. Methods for identifying the regulated community and moving past the voluntary reporting and compliance system currently in place have become topics of acute interest and paramount importance. This article discusses existing data sources at federal, state, and local levels that could be exploited immediately to help DHS and other regulators identify regulated facilities and begin more concerted outreach programs. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog 35: 47–52, 2016


identification of those 'essentials' that form history. The meta-language/objectlanguage relation is as well examined with regard to the notion of 'Reconquista' by Nikolas Jaspert, which can be found as a concept in the sources, but is, still, an emotive word in the meta-language of scholarship. Jaspert deals with the difficulties of a deconstruction of concepts by means of a critique of ideologies. Here, the 'mytho-motoric' thrust of the concept is, on the one hand, subject to criticism, but also, on the other hand, indispensable in order to grasp the complexity of the guiding motivations of the process described by it (comprising elements of a struggle of belief, re-conquest, re-establishment, and expansion at the same time). Jaspert shows that these notions are to be used in a formally indicating way in order to guide research, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, have to be accompanied by 'helpless gestures' in order to show the ideological perils of the notions. Robin J. E. Vose provides a fruitful application of Dawkins' theory of memetransmission. Examining the limits of Dominican mission in the Western Mediterranean, Vose convincingly shows that even twenty-first century scholarship has inherited a long legacy of historical assumptions, i. e. it is influenced by a handful of ambiguous documents spawning 'memes' that, via repetition and footnote referencing, have successfully immunized themselves against any attempts (including Vose's own) to prove them wrong. Thus, the question as to how to deal with these 'memes', apart from simply trying to refute them, gains greater significance in methodology. The volume also provides an abundance of enlightening case studies for the specialist. It is, however, due to its theoretical merits, already a worthy subject of study and an eminent contribution to analysis of transcultural transfer processes in general.


The emergence, formation, and development of the Kazan school of criminal law, which was created by G.I. Solntsev, A.P. Chebyshev-Dmitriev, and G.F. Grigorovich, were discussed. Its contribution to the social and political life of the Republic of Tatarstan and Russia was considered. At the early stage, the activity of the Kazan school of criminal law was based on A.A. Piontkovsky's research works pub-lished in 1899–1915. In these works, the nature and social role of the following criminal law institutions were viewed from a different perspective: conditional sentence, release on parole, time limitation for criminal prosecution, death penalty, etc. Subsequently, A.T. Bazhanov, B.S. Volkov, V.P. Malkov, M.D. Lysov, and others continued to develop the ideas and concepts of the Kazan school of criminal law under the conditions of shaping and strengthening of the status of the Republic of Tatarstan.


This article introduces two approaches to develop block methods for solving second order ordinary differential equations directly. Both approaches, namely a new linear block approach and the modified Taylor series approach are capable of producing a family of methods that will simultaneously approximate the solutions of any ordinary differential equation at the respective grid points of the block method. The computational complexities of both approaches are examined, and the results show the new linear block approach require less computations compared to the modified Taylor series approach.


C l i n M e d International Library Citation: Meyer MMMMDE, Santos EC, de Souza TE, Neto PV, França LM, et al. (2016) Profile of 151 Patients Undergoing Open Gastrostomy an a Cancer Hospital. J Clin Gastroenterol Treat 2:030 Received: May 24, 2016: Accepted: July 06, 2016: Published: July 08, 2016 Copyright: © 2016 Meyer MMMMDE, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Meyer et al. J Clin Gastroenterol Treat 2016, 2:030


AbstractOne of the ways to reduce anxiety during pregnancy is by doing yoga exercise. It is a recommended method of physical exercise because it is cheap, easy to operate, and beneficial for physical and mental health so that mothers can accept the physiological changes during pregnancy and childbirth. This study aimed to examine the effect of the exercise on the anxiety level of pregnant women in facing their childbirth. To be known, it is a literature review. HARS (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale) was appliied as the questionnaires in the articles. The process of collecting data was conducted by searching Google Scholar, it obtained 5 articless published during 2011-2021. Besides, JBI critical appraisal checklist for quasi-experimental was used as critically reviewed instruments.Based on the reviewing literatures from 5 articles, it showed the yoga exercise has an effect on reducing anxiety level of pregnant women in facing childbirth, with the result of p value was <0,05. A yoga exercise is one of some physical exercises which be able to reduce anxiety of pregnant women.Keywords : anxiety,yoga exercise, childbirth
AbstrakLatihan fisik terbukti dapat mengurangi kecemasan selama kehamilan. Latihan yoga adalah metode latihan fisik yang direkomendasikan karena murah, mudah dioperasikan, dan bermanfaat bagi kesehatan fisik dan mental sehingga ibu dapat menerima perubahan fisiologis selama masa kehamilan dan persalinan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh senam yoga terhadap tingkat kecemasan ibu hamil dalam menghadapi persalinan melalui literature review. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literature review. Adapun kuesioner yang dipergunakan didalam artikel menggunakan kuesioner HARS (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale). Mengakses database menggunakan Google Scholar 5 artikel yang dipublish pada tahun 2011-2021. Instrumen telaah kritis yang digunakan yaitu dengan menggunakan JBI critical appraisal checklist for quasi-eksperimental. Hasil literature review dari 5 artikel menunjukkan bahwa senam yoga berpengaruh terhadap kecemasan pada ibu hamil dalam menghadapi persalinan dengan hasil p value < 0,05. Senam yoga merupakan salah satu latihan fisik yang dapat mengatasi kecemasan pada ibu hamil. Kata Kunci : Kecemasan, Senam Yoga, Persalinan


increased risk of infection in patients receiving such treatment. Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), a progestational agent and partial glucocorticoid agonist/antagonist, differs strikingly from glucocorticoids in the degree to which it activates genes associated with glucocorticoid side effects. MPA has been evaluated with encouraging results in an animal model for IBD and in three open-label clinical trials in three disorders responsive to glucocorticoid therapy: Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and the autoimmune disorder, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Methods: We determined serial lymphocyte and granulocyte counts prospectively in patients during 6-8 week clinical trials in IBD and ITP. Results: In contrast to glucocorticoids, MPA did not cause a decrease in the absolute lymphocyte count. Rather, MPA induced an increase in the lymphocyte count in each trial. The increase in lymphocyte count was observed after one week of treatment and was sustained over 6-8 weeks of therapy. MPA did not induce a consistent increase in the percentage of neutrophils, also differing in this respect from glucocorticoids, which typically induce an increase in neutrophil count. Conclusions: A possible explanation for the differential effects of MPA and classic glucocorticoids is that MPA-bound glucocorticoid receptors may have conformational changes that differentially affect interactions with genes related to glucocorticoid side effects, but not genes related to glucocorticoid anti-inflammatory effects. In summary, data derived from 3 clinical trials indicate that the use of MPA as an anti-inflammatory agent to treat glucocorticoid responsive disorders protects against the glucocorticoid lymphopenic effect.


drishtiias.com/printpdf/global-talent-competitiveness-index Why in News India has moved up eight places to the 72 position in the Global Talent Competitiveness Index (GTCI) 2020. Switzerland topped the list of 132 nations, followed by the US and Singapore . Rank Country Score 1 Switzerland 81.23 2 US 79.09 3 Singapore 78.48 4 Sweden 75.82 5 Denmark 75.18 6 Netherlands 74.99 7 Finland 74.47 8 Luxembourg 73.94 nd


Digital mismatch calibration for quantized analog (QA) signal processing is proposed for the first time. Since the proposed calibration mechanism does not require uniform QA slicer levels, non-uniform quantization can be applied to improve the system performance. We propose two methods utilizing the genetic algorithm and $\mu $ -law to find non-uniform slicer levels offering superior performance compared to uniform levels. Simulations show that for a QA amplifier consisting of 32 slices, the signal-to-noise-and-distortion ratio (SNDR) under a multitone input can be doubled by adjusting only the quantization levels while maintaining the same structure and same power, compared to uniform quantization levels that provide 54 dB of SNDR.


The study was conducted in a ferralitic soil with hydromorphic segregation in Anwai, Asaba, Delta State. A grid of 12m x 12m were mapped out and pegged 4m apart to give a total of sixteen (16) experimental points. At each point, soil samples were taken at a pre-determined depth of 0-20cm and routinely processed and analyzed for particle size fractions, bulk density, particle density and total porosity. Saturated hydraulic conductivity was determined using a locally fabricated 12 cm iron core-cylinder which was carefully driven into the soil and core samples collected for laboratory determination and conductivity calculated using Darcy's law. Data collected were analyzed using mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation, while the relationship between saturated hydraulic conductivity was established using regression models. The results of the study showed that the particle size fractions of the soils varied from sandy loam to clay loam. Bulk density and particle density were low to moderate with mean values of 1.44 gcm -3 and 2.34 gcm -3 . Total porosity was low with mean value of 38.06% and a coefficient of variation of 9.56%. Saturated hydraulic conductivity correlated positively with total sand (0.98 xx ), Clay (0.52 x ), bulk density (0.94 xx ) and total porosity (r = 0.56 x ) silt content showed poor correlation significant (r = 0.34 ns ). The general results showed that key soil physicl properties such as sand, clay, bulk density and total porosity can be used to predict hydraulic functions in the soil matrix. Keywords: Saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil physical properties, hydromorphic segregation, Delta State Nigerian Journal of Technological Research, 8(2), 2013


The importance of Nutrition's is underestimated whereas; it is the foundation for healthy development of baby. Due to the lack in nutrition of child leads to the ill-health and this leads to deterioration in nutritional status. We observed in infants and young children that bear the brunt of the beginning of malnutrition and undergo the utmost risk of death and disability. The major risks are seen on maternal malnutrition and inappropriate breastfeeding and the complementary feeding represent the health and its development of survived children. The Inappropriate feeding practices are a major cause of the onset of malnutrition in young children. Here comes the need of the proper feeding practices. In this paper, an attempt has been made to highlight the Child Rearing Practices among Nyishi Women in Relation to their Feeding Practices in Seppa Block under East Kameng Districts of Arunachal Pradesh by Survey method of the study. The simple random sampling procedure was used to collect 50 samples from the Seppa Block in East Kameng District of Arunachal Pradesh. The research was done to find out the Child rearing practices in relation to the feeding practices among Nyishi Women. The result shows positive responses towards feeding practices. The main focus of this paper is to study the child rearing practices in relation to feeding practices among Nyishi women in East Kameng District of Arunachal Pradesh. Hope the research work will be benefit the Teachers, Nyishi Women, Research Scholar and Students in Teaching and learning of Child Rearing Practices.


Pulsed power technology has an important trend in the world,which has high power,long pulse,high operating frequency and miniaturization.Thus all-solid-state pulsed power technologies based on semiconductor devices have drawn more attention and widely used.This article introduces several kinds of semiconductor switches,such as SCR,IGBT,and SOS.The charging system based on SCR,the Marx generator,and pulsed transformer topology using IGBTs,and the system using SOS are described in detail.Some experimental results are also given.The use of semiconductor switches technology in solid state Marx generate can solve the disappointments such as short life time, low operating frequency,low reliability of conventional pulsed power equipments and has extensive perspective.


The success of a neuro-fuzzy network is influenced by both its architecture and its learning algorithm. Currently, C.-J. Lin and C.-T. Lin's (1997) FALCON-ART algorithm ranks amongst the best structure/parameter learning algorithms yet devised. The FALCON-ART algorithm is adapted for use in neuro-fuzzy networks responsible for pattern recognition tasks. In contrast with FALCON-ART, each cluster is issued with its own vigilance parameter. Consequently, the sizes of individual rule antecedents can be controlled. A fuzzy logic controller is employed for this purpose. When it was applied to the Iris recognition problem, the neuro-fuzzy network attained an average recognition rate of 95.07%. However, it fared slightly worse than a conventional neural network on a seismic discrimination task. The main advantages of the improved rule extraction algorithm are its speed, and the compactness of its resulting rule databases.


The change in the dielectric properties of frozen 200 g kg−1 maltodextrin solutions upon warming has been recorded using a capacitance meter and a dielectric thermal analysis instrument. The capacitance and permittivity increased by several orders of magnitude after melting, and higher values were obtained at a higher measurement frequency or with added NaCl, while a marked increase (labelled Trise) was seen close to the glass transition temperatures measured by differential scanning calorimetry. The transition temperatures shifted to more negative values by 4–6 °C upon the addition of 0.1 mol kg−1 NaCl, consistent with the freezing point depression of the freeze-concentrated solutions. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry


Observations reveal a universal stellar mass–stellar metallicity relation (MZR) existing in Local Group dwarfs of different types, Z * ∝ M * α with α = 0.30 ± 0.02. In this work, we investigate the "universality" of the MZRs for both satellites and central galaxies in a large number of different host dark matter halos covering a large mass range of 109–1015 h−1 M ⊙ , by using a semianalytical galaxy formation and evolution model. We obtain the following results: (1) The exponents (α) for the MZRs of the satellites in halos with the same mass as the Milky Way halo, but different individual assembly histories, are mostly ∼0.2–0.4, i.e., having a scatter of ∼0.2; and the scatter of α increases with decreasing halo masses. (2) The MZR relations are changed little by the variation of halo masses and the classification between central galaxies and satellites, if many halos with the same mass are stacked together. (3) A double power law exists in the MZR relations for both central galaxies and stacked satellites, with α ∼ 0.2–0.4 at 103 M ⊙ ≲ M* ≲ 108 M ⊙ and a relatively higher α ∼ 0.5 at 108 M ⊙ ≲ M* ≲ 1011 M ⊙ . (4) The high-mass satellites (M* ≳ 108 M ⊙ ) existing mostly in high-mass halos can lead to an apparent increase of α (from ∼0.2 to ∼0.4) with increasing host halo masses shown in the single-power-law fitting results of stacked satellites. The universality of the MZR suggests the common physical processes in stellar formation and chemical evolution of galaxies can be unified over a large range of galaxy masses and halo masses.


Short-term electricity load demand forecasting is a critical process in the management of modern power system. An ensemble method composed of Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) and Random Vector Functional Link network (RVFL) is presented in this paper. Due to the randomly generated weights between input and hidden layers and the close form solution for parameter tuning, RVFL network is a universal approximator with the advantages of fast training. By introducing ensemble approach via EMD into RVFL network, the performance can be significantly improved. Five electricity load demand datasets from Australian Energy Market Operator (AEMO) were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The attractiveness of the proposed EMD based RVFL network can be demonstrated by the comparison with six benchmark methods.


Adaptive algorithms which perform minimum phase all pass ( MP-AP) decomposition of a finite impulse response (FIR) system are proposed. The first algori thm models the MP component of the system as a lattice filter cascaded with a gain stage. The algorithm h as a low misconvergence probability, and is capable of detecting misconvergence during or after adap t tion. Two further algorithms are proposed based on the theory of the bicepstrum. One adaptively solves a finite linear system of equations, and the other an augmented nonlinear system. The first has an error se nsitiv to the proximity of the system zeros to the unit circle, while the second, although more computat ion lly intensive, may approach the exact MP-AP decomposition given a sufficient number of iterations . These real-time MP-AP decomposition algorithms have applications in the stabilization of compo und precoding, which is a pre-equalization technique included as an option in the V.92 high-speed modem standard. Index Terms Minimum phase systems, all pass systems, adaptive filtering , lattice filters, bicepstrum. This paper is a preprint of a paper accepted by IET Signal Processing and is subject to Institution of Engineering and Technology Copyright (http://www.ietdl.org/journals/doc/IEEDRL-home/in fo/support/copyinf.jsp). When the final version is published, the copy of record will be available at the IET Digital Library (h ttp://www.ietdl.org/). M. F. Flanagan and A. D. Fagan are with the Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland (e-mail: email@example.com, tony.fa email@example.com). M. McLaughlin is with DecaWave Ltd., Digital Depot, Thomas St., Dublin 8, Ir eland (email:firstname.lastname@example.com). March 13, 2009 DRAFT 2 I. I NTRODUCTION It is well known (see e.g. [1]) that any finite impulse respons e (FIR) systemG (z) of orderp may be uniquely decomposed into the cascade of a minimum phas e (MP) component W (z) (FIR, of orderp) and an all pass (AP) component. This decomposition may of co urse be effected by invoking standard rootfinding algorithms; in this paper how ever, adaptive algorithms are proposed which may effect this decomposition in a real-time digital s ignal processing (DSP) application. To the authors' knowledge such algorithms have not been repo rted previously in the literature. Our motivation is the fact that in compound precoding, a powe r efficient method for combining decision-feedback equalization (DFE) with trellis codinga modem transmitter, a real-time MPAP decomposition of the precoder feedforward filter is neces sary for implementation stability [2], [3]. Compound precoding is an option in the V.92 modem sta ndard [4]. The lattice filter is a linear filter structure commonly used i n linear prediction of signals (see e.g. [5]), and the least-squares lattice predictor has been successfully applied to problems in speech coding [6] and blind equalization [7]. It may be sho wn [5] that every transversal implementation of a minimum phase FIR filter has an equivalen t implementation in the form of a lattice filter followed by a gain stage. The bijective mappi ng from one filter implementation to the other may be achieved via the Levinson-Durbin and invers e Levinson-Durbin recursions. We derive and evaluate a gradient adaptive algorithm to achiev e this decomposition where the MP component is implemented as a lattice filter followed by a gai n stage, and updated accordingly. All stochastic updates are derived by substituting sample c orrelation for true correlation in the steepest descent updates, as in the ordinary least-mean-sq u re (LMS) algorithm. The lattice structure has the advantage that upon convergence we may eas ily t st whether the filterW (z) given by the algorithm is actually minimum phase. A necessar y and sufficient condition for the filter to be minimum phase is that the reflection coefficien ts of the lattice filter all have magnitude less than unity; therefore failure of this condit ion, and hence misconvergence of the algorithm, may be detected at any stage during adaptation. I n [8] a gradient-adaptive lattice filter was proposed for linear prediction; here the cost func tio was taken to be the sum of the forward and backward prediction energies, which is specific to the linear prediction problem. The matching (in the MMSE sense) of the lattice filter output t o a desired output signal, which is proposed in this paper, is of more general application. DRAFT March 13, 2009 3 The bicepstrum is a signal representation with application s in blind deconvolution [9], [10] as well as signal time delay estimation and system identifica tion [11]. In these applications, the algorithms usually involve estimation of the higher-order statistics of a (possibly noisy) data sequence. We propose two gradient-adaptive algorithms for performing MP-AP decomposition of an FIR system based on the theory of the bicepstrum. Our pre sent work differs fundamentally from the previous works described, in that we target decompo sition of a known system in the absence of noise. Thus, our problem lies in how to handle a n infinitely large but exact system of linear equations, as opposed to problems of moment or cumulant estimation and noise suppression. The theory of the bicepstrum yields a rel ationship between the infinite set of differential cepstrum parameters and a certain finite set of third-order cumulants, in the form of an infinite system of linear equations, these cumulants being g enerated in a straightforward manner from the coefficients of the filter G (z). If this system could be solved exactly, the exact MP-AP decomposition ofG (z) could be computed using simple recursion formulas involvin g o ly a small subset of the differential cepstrum parameters. The fi rst algorithm solves the truncated linear system via steepest descent, and involves an approximation err r dependent on the proximity of the filter zeros to the unit circle. The second algorithm, bas ed on steepest descent solution of an nonlinearly augmented system, is more computationally int ensive, but simulations show that it may converge to the exact MP-AP decomposition. The paper is organized as follows. Section II describes the p roposed gradient adaptive lattice filtering algorithm for MP-AP decomposition, and Section II I describes the bicepstrum-based algorithms. Section IV presents simulation results for all algorithms and Section V concludes this work. II. MP-AP DECOMPOSITIONBASED ON ADAPTIVE LATTICE FILTERING A. Adaptive Lattice Filtering for Desired Response First we address the general problem of updating the reflecti on oefficents of a lattice filter in order to obtain minimum mean-squared error (MMSE) between t h upper output signal and a desired response. Consider the circuit shown in figure 1. The e quations governing the operation of the lattice filter are f (m) k = f (m−1) k + γmb (m−1) k−1 b (m) k = γmf (m−1) k + b (m−1) k−1 (1) March 13, 2009 DRAFT 4 for m = 1, 2, . . . p. Given the input signal {xk} and the desired response {dk}, the problem is to adapt the reflection coefficients γj, j = 1, 2 . . . p in order to minimize the mean-squared error (MSE) J ({γj}) = E { ek } whereek = f (p) k − dk. In order to derive a stochastic gradient algorithm, we need to estimate ∂J ∂γj for eachγj. It is easy to see that for any j ∈ {1, 2, . . . p}, ek can be written asA + Bγj, whereA,B are independent of γj. Therefore ∂J ∂γj = ∂ ∂γj E { (A + Bγj) 2} = 2E {AB} + 2γjE { B } = 2E {(A + Bγj) B} = 2E {


Abstract Let X denote an arbitrary separable Banach space over the field of complex numbers and B(X) the Banach algebra of all bounded linear operators on X. We prove the following results. (1) An element of the space X is hypercyclic (supercyclic) for all positive powers Tn of an operator T in B(X) if it is hypercyclic (supercyclic) for T. (2) Under some condition on the spectrum of the adjoint of a cyclic operator, the set of all cyclic vectors of the operator is dense. This result extends to any cyclic commutative subset of B(X). (3) Under a mild condition on the spectrum of a cyclic operator T the set of all separating vectors for the commutant {T}′ of T is dense. This also extends to any cyclic commutative subset of B(X). (4) A slightly stronger version of a theorem of K. F. Clancey and D. D. Rogers on cyclic vectors. Finally, we define and discuss hereditarily hypercyclic operators.


A century ago Cassirer has suggested that Cusanus (1401-1464) has by ingenuity introduced a new logic. As a fact, Cusanus, in opposition to the "Aristotelis secta [logica]" and by going beyond even the 'negative theology', wanted to find out a new way of arguing in order first of all to discover new names of God. Cusanus has invented several names which actually belong to modal and intuitionist logic. In particular, his more important book suggests the name Non Aliud 1462). Being Aliud a negative word (= not the same), the new name is a double negation which he stresses that it is not equivalent to the corresponding affirmative word, Idem; it represents a failure of the double negation law and hence it pertains to intuitionist logic. Moreover, by avoiding Aristotle's syllogisms, Cusanus has reasoned so precisely that he has organized almost all his books in a different way from the apodictic-axiomatic way. In a previous paper I have proved that there exists an alternative organization of a theory; it is aimed at discovering, by means of indirect proofs, a new method for solving a general problem. An inspection of the logical features of both a summary of the above book (in De Venatione Sapientiae, 1463, chp. 14) and the antecedent short writing De Deo Abscondito (1440-5) (also it is full of doubly negated propositions of the intuitionist kind) shows that Cusanus has reasoned in a substantial agreement with the above logical features of the alternative model of organization and moreover in the latter writing he has improved his reasoning up to define some basic laws of the intuitionist logic. I conclude that, although Cusanus has illustrated his ideas in several other ways, in some writings he has closely approached the typical way of reasoning pertaining to intuitionist logic. Hence, Carnap's appraisals of an essential irrationality of religious thinking and a similar Hopkins' negative appraisal of Cusanus' arguing 4) are wrong, having ignored both ad absurdum arguments and nonclassical logic. In addition, through the intuitionist name of God Cusanus has suggested a surprisingly suitable definition of the Tri-Unity: "The Not-Other is Not-Other than the Not-Other". This proposition represents at the same time the trinity and the unity. Being his entire thinking addressed to this tri-unity, called by him "tri-unity of concordance", his logical reasoning made reference to instead of Aristotle's square of opposition, a tri-unitarian logical structure, which represents through intuitionist logic the inner relations of the three divine Persons.


The probability theory is a mathematical discipline studying the regularities of random or stochastic events,whose history is over three hundreds years.This paper divides the history of probability theory into three stages as viewed from mathematical tools,and try to analysis its characters in each stage.It points out that the development of mathematical techniques is one of main factors promoting the evolution of probability.The paper attempts to explore the dialectic relationship between probability and mathematical technique.


Is there a sense in which society makes rational decision in a democratic way
 that is similar to individual rational decision-making? Social choice theory
 claims that rational social choice is not possible. Or, at least, that if
 possible, then the social choice must be dictatorial. I shall present a
 deliberative solution to the social choice problem. This solution is called
 deliberative, because it is based on the assumptions of deliberative
 democracy.


Cancer antigen 125 (CA-125)has been used for screening and diagnosis of ovarian carcinoma. In this study we wanted to explore the role of CA-125/CEA ratio as a biomarker of carcinoma ovary and its utility in differentiating different stages of the cancer. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ability of the tumour marker cancer antigen 125 (CA-125) in combination with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA to differentiate between different stages of ca ovary.


Seed dispersal kernels of wind‐dispersed species imprint the initial spatial template over which later demographic processes such as establishment or re‐colonization operate from. A major knowledge gap in seed dispersal modeling by wind is the role of complex topography in modifying the kernel shape when referenced to the flat‐world case. How complex topography modifies the dispersal kernels of inertial particles such as seeds is explored here via novel flume experiments. A train of gentle cosine hills and a canopy composed of densely arrayed rods with a roughness density resembling the leaf area density profile of hardwood species at maximum leaf area were used to represent a canopy‐hill system. Spherical inertial particles having a coefficient of variation in terminal velocity commensurate with values reported from field studies were employed as model seeds. It was demonstrated that the seed dispersal kernel maintained its canonical 'Wald' form as derived from simplified turbulent dispersion theories for flat terrain and vertically uniform flow field. Seeds released near the canopy top and from the top of the hill have a dispersal kernel mean distance that was about 35% times larger than its counterpart for releases from the bottom of the hill. Moreover, the probability of occurrence of long‐distance dispersal (LDD) events, defined here as seeds traversing a longitudinal distance exceeding 10 times the canopy height, were one order of magnitude larger for seeds released near the canopy top and from the hill top when compared to their counterpart released from the hill bottom.


Manganese-based Prussian Blue, Na2-δMn[Fe(CN)6] (MnPB), is an auspicious candidate for sodium-ion battery cathode materials due to its high capacity. However, it suffers from severe capacity decay during battery cycling due to the destabilizing Jahn-Teller distortions it undergoes as Mn2+ is oxidized to Mn3+. In this work, the structure is stabilized by a thin epitaxial surface layer of nickel-based Prussian Blue (Na2-δNi[Fe(CN)6]). The one-pot synthesis relies on a chelating agent with an unequal affinity for Mn2+ and Ni2+ ions, which prevents Ni2+ from reacting until the Mn2+ is consumed. This is a new and simpler synthesis of core-shell materials, which traditionally require several steps. The resulting material has an electrochemical capacity of 93 mA h g-1, of which it retains 96% after 500 charge-discharge cycles (vs 37% for MnPB). The material's rate capability is also remarkable: at 4 A g-1 (ca. 55 C) it can reversibly store 70 mA h g-1, which is also reflected in its diffusion coefficient of ~10-8 cm2 s-1. The epitaxial nature of the outer layer appears to exert an anisotropic strain on the inner layer, which may prevent the Jahn-Teller distortions it normally undergoes during de-sodiation.


Simmondsia chinensis , a multipurpose, drought resistant, perennial plant belonging to Simmondsiaceae family has started to gain a lot of importance because of unusual oil which is actually a liquid wax i.e., an ester of long chain fatty acids and alcohols. Jojoba was introduced to India near the year 1965 and since then it has been a major source of income for both local farmers (having cultivations in locations like Sriganganagar, Sikar, Jhunjhunu, Churu and Jodhpur) and those who are working in jojoba oil trade. Jojoba oil has many usages depending on the site where the modification is being done. Virtually no traces of glycerine makes it a very unique plant based oil along with the fact that it can be modified via hydrogenation, sulfurization, halogenation, sulfurhalogenation, phosphosulfurization, ozonization, hydrolysis, amidation and many other techniques. With uses in industries like cosmetic, pharmaceutical, lubricant and petrochemicals, the importance of jojoba oil in the market is high. Before exploiting any plant for industrial application, it is imperative to have complete information about its biology, chemistry and all other applications so that potential of plant could be utilized maximally. Overall this paper introduces the shrub in its botanical totality, informs about its growth requirements and its local distribution in India. The purpose of this paper is to review the available propagation techniques, inform about its oil and seed meal processing and give detailed physico-chemical description of jojoba oil and cake. Moreover it also informs about the importance of jojoba oil and its applications.


Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a highly vascular tumor in which surgical excision is the main treatment modality. Wide exposure of the surgical field helps in complete surgical excision by subperiosteal dissection with a good vascular control. Conventional maxillary swing is a suitable approach for tumor with lateral extension. Palatal fistula is the major drawback of this approach. To avoid this complication, suprastructure maxillary swing is a suitable approach in which only the suprastructure of the maxilla needs to be swung instead of whole of the maxilla. The palatal cuts and lip split can be avoided with very little compromise in exposure.


Cone penetration testing (CPT) is one of the most versatile devices for in situ soil testing. With minimal disturbance to the ground, it provides information about soil classification and geotechnical parameters. Several researchers have used different numerical techniques such as strain path methods and finite element methods to study CPT problems. The Discrete Element Method (DEM) is a useful alternative tool for studying cone penetration problems because of its ability to provide micro mechanical insight into the behaviour of granular materials and cone penetration resistance.

This study uses three-dimensional DEM to simulate the cone penetration testing of granular materials in a calibration chamber. Due to the geometric symmetry of this study a 90 degree segment of the calibration chamber and the cone penetrometer was initially considered followed by a 30 degree segment to allow for the simulation of smaller particle sizes and to reduce computational time. This research proposes a new particle refinement method, similar to the mesh refinement of finite-element modelling, in the sense that a large number of small particles were brought into contact with the cone tip, while the large particles were distanced further away from the cone, to reduce computational time effectively. Using a radius expansion method for sample preparation and assigning a constant mass to each particle in the sample was found to reduce computational time significantly with little influence on tip resistance.

The effects of initial sample conditions and particle friction coefficient were found to have an important influence on the tip resistance. In addition, prohibiting particle rotation was found to increase tip resistance significantly compared to when the particles were permitted to rotate freely. Particle shape in this study was simulated by replacing the spheres with simple two-ball clumps and was found to have an important effect on the tip resistance.

DEM simulations of biaxial tests were conducted to investigate the effect of initial sample conditions, particle shape and particle friction coefficient on the stress-strain behaviour of granular materials. All the above mentioned parameters were found to have a significant effect on the stress-strain behaviour of granular materials. Biaxial test simulations were also conducted to obtain basic granular material properties to derive analytical CPT solutions from continuum mechanics principles. Some of the DEM simulation results were found to be in good agreement with the analytical solutions that used a combined cylindrical-spherical cavity expansion method.

Particle crushing was simulated during the cone penetration tests by replacing a broken particle with two new equi-sized smaller particles with mass conserved. The results showed considerable reduction in the tip resistance for the crushing model compared to the non-crushing model and this reduction increased as the confining stress increased.


Combined with the structure characteristics and working principle of the existing forage processing machine, a wheel knife type forage shredder with higher efficiency, better reliability and novel structure was designed. This paper describes the structure and working process of the machine, designs the structure and parameters of its main components, and determines its main technical parameters. Using ABAQUS software, the finite element analysis of the shaft and blade under working condition is carried out, and the maximum stress and strain of the shaft and blade are obtained.


On 29th october I had the pleasure of shooting Gemma and James' Wedding with Paul Goode Photography at Warwick House, Southam, Warwickshire. It was a lovely Autumn Wedding and fortunately for all of us the weather was being kind with mild temperatures...


New algorithms for the optimization of alloy nanoparticles (nanoalloys) are presented. The new algorithms are based on the concept of multiple basin‐hopping walkers running in parallel, each with its own specialized task—the flying walker, exploring the energy landscape at high temperatures to sample different geometric structures, and the landing and hiking walkers mainly refining the optimization of chemical ordering at low temperatures. These algorithms are referred to as flying‐landing (FL) and flying‐landing‐hiking (FLH). The algorithms are tested against several benchmarks (AuCu and AuRh clusters of 400 atoms and PtNi clusters of 38 and 55 atoms). In all cases, both FL and FLH are shown to perform very well compared to previous results in the literature. In addition, the algorithms are applied to the optimization of larger AgCu nanoparticles, with sizes up to 4000 atoms, in order to establish the behavior of the mixing energy and to compare full global optimization of shape and chemical ordering with optimization of chemical ordering alone at a fixed shape. In general, the results show that the simultaneous optimization of shape and chemical ordering is necessary in many cases, and that the FLH approach is especially efficient for that purpose.


In this article an attempt has been made to apply hybrid units formulation of energy input-output analysis for the energy intensity variations in the different sectors of the economy for a period often years i.e. from 1979-80 to 1991-92. The analytical results indicate that about 56 per cent of the economic sectors showed remarkable downward trend in the total primary energy intensity, implying the effectiveness of energy conservation measures.


Impedance pneumography is a technique which allows the monitoring of respiratory activity through the measurement of variations in the impedance between two points located on the thoracic surface. In this paper, a low-cost, easily portable, and re-configurable measurement system is presented, suitable to perform impedance pneumography investigations. The system is based on a LabVIEW virtual instrument and employs only a data acquisition card. A preliminary metrological assessment of the system is performed, showing that the basic accuracy of the instrument is adequate for monitoring patients lying in a bed. Acquisitions made on several volunteers have evidenced the feasibility of the proposed system in monitoring the breath activity of a patient and in extrapolating the relevant diagnostic parameters. With the aid of suitable signal processing and hardware optimizations the instrument might become a truly portable and non-invasive breath rate monitoring system.


Red ginger extract instant drink is used to create practical and efficient products, so that health benefits are expected. The purpose of this study was to analyze the strategy of developing instant red ginger agribusiness produced by farmer groups in Banyuwangi Regency. The methodology used is the evaluation of internal and external factors which are then mapped in the IFE EFE matrix, followed by a SWOT analysis to generate alternative competitive strategies and implement development strategies. SWOT analysis is used to compile strategic factors in the development of this instant red ginger agribusiness, followed by analysis using AHP to find out alternative strategies that are the main priorities in the development of this agribusiness. The results showed that the IFE value with the total score of the overall internal indicators was 3.48, meaning that this instant red ginger agribusiness was in the strong or high category. The total score of all external indicators in the EFE matrix is 2.76, which means instant red ginger agribusiness is in the average or medium category. Mapping the IFE-EFE matrix followed by a SWOT analysis provides eight alternative strategies, then 8 alternative strategies produce a priority strategy, namely maintaining red ginger development by farmer groups in order to minimize fluctuations in raw material prices with a total value of 1.30. So that an alternative strategy to maintain the development of red ginger by farmer groups in order to minimize fluctuations in the price of raw materials can be applied to build a competitive advantage and the progress of Instant Red Ginger Agribusiness Production of Farmers Groups in Banyuwangi Regency


We calculate the lambda-nucleon scattering phase shifts and mixing angles by applying time-ordered perturbation theory to the manifestly Lorentz-invariant formulation of SU(3) baryon chiral perturbation theory. Scattering amplitudes are obtained by solving the corresponding coupled-channel integral equations that have a milder ultraviolet behavior compared to their non-relativistic analogs. This allows us to consider the removed cutoff limit in our leading-order calculations also in the $^3P_0$ and $^3P_1$ partial waves. We find that, in the framework we are using, at least some part of the higher-order contributions to the baryon-baryon potential in these channels needs to be treated nonperturbatively and demonstrate how this can be achieved in a way consistent with quantum field theoretical renormalization for the leading contact interactions. We compare our results with the ones of the non-relativistic approach and lattice QCD phase shifts obtained for non-physical pion masses.


This paper studies three-dimensional (3D) formation flight problem of networked UAVs in non-holonomic kinematics under the bidirectional communication links with time delays, which makes an identity distinct from the literatures without communication delay. A novel Lyapunov function is built base on neighbors' delay information, which results in the algorithms for the surge velocity, pitch velocity and yaw velocity associated with neighbors' delay information. The system stability is proven by the Barbalat lemma. The numerical simulation result has been presented to support the theoretical results.


The preceding chapters on growth and level of agricultural development bring out wide regional and inter-district disparities in Uttar Pradesh. The present chapter is devoted to rigorous examination of convergence/divergence of the inter-district disparities in the state. Such information is essential input for planners and policy makers in the state to device and implement inclusive economic policy and development strategy for the state. In case, the regional differences in agricultural development are converging, there is not much need to deviate from the present policies. However, if the disparities are persisting and/or diverging then planners and policy makers have to rethink and redesign appropriate plans and programmes for more inclusive balanced regional development of the state. This is highly desirable because persistence/widening of regional disparities have serious economic and political implications. Disillusionment among the underdeveloped regions may lead to social unrest and demand by the people from underdeveloped regions for independent states. Many of the new emerged states like Uttarakhand, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Telangana have their origin in underdevelopment and predominance of rulers from developed parts of the state. Economically also, persistence of regional disparity leads to undesirable capital and labour flight from underdeveloped regions to developed ones and further aggravating problem in the underdeveloped regions.


Measurements of the string lengths of the extant Highland and Irish harps and the harps of the Baroque period show that there has been a consistent scaling rule used in the construction of the harp from the 14th Century to modern times. Acoustical measurements on extant instruments in museums using portable equipment show that modes of vibration of the soundboards of these instruments can be correlated. Over this period the method of construction of the harp has altered considerably from the Highland and Irish, made of a sound chest hollowed from the solid with string arm and column without any glued joints to the modern harp made of many pieces with a spruce soundboard. The change in construction took place in the Baroque period and measurements show that the modern harp maintains the string scaling rules of the earliest harps of the western seaboard of Europe but incorporates the lighter and more complicated construction of the Spanish type of harp played in the Baroque period. The measured acoustical m...


Filter press mud (FPM) is a waste product of the sugar manufacturing industry that is primarily composed of soil, finely ground sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) stalks, and lime. It is widely used as a s...


Clinical observations and bacteriological studies have shown that the silver iodide ointment has bactericidal properties and accelerates the cleaning of purulent wounds with the rapid appearance of good granulations.


Through the discussion of the basic color teaching process in industrial arts specialty, the article specifies the fundamental roles of color teaching. It also brings forward the novel concepts,paying attention to fostering students' creative thinking, color intuition, ability of modeling as well as combining traditional ideas of colors with the new ones.


Hone your existing crafting skills or pick up a new hobby. Needle crafts, handicrafts, beading, collecting and more. If you're interested in collecting, look no further than these librarian selected resources for collecting antiques, books, cars, models, records, coin, stamps, Disney memorabilia and more.


Since it was first described by Virchow in 1852 many studies have been made and these are well discussed in recent reviews." 2 Wilks in 1858 recognised the association of amyloid disease with chronic infections, especially chronic tuberculous infections, and with rheumatism. An association with multiple myeloma was noted by Adams and Dowse in 1872. Soyka in 1876 recognised that it could occur with no identifiable cause. Lubarsch in 1929 described such cases and those associated with multiple myeloma as primary amyloid disease. This form most commonly appears in the heart, the blood vessels, and the smooth muscle of the intestinal tract. Senile amyloid found in the heart of patients over 80 years of age is usually included as primary and is so classified in this study. Secondary amyloid is that associated with chronic infections, such as tuberculosis, osteomyelitis, syphilis and bronchiectasis, or with chronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. This group also includes amyloid associated with renal cell carcinoma and sarcoid, and the heredofamilial forms. Secondary amyloid most commonly affects the adrenals, kidneys, liver and spleen. Endocrine amyloidosis is that associated with the endocrine tumours such as medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. It is interesting in that it is thought to be related to altered synthesis of the hormone secreted by the tumour.


This article contains analysis of factors, which define immediacy of call and timely arrival of efficient emergency services at the place of an accident, and also considers key features of the Computerized Emergency call system based on technologies and software of the Communication centre of security.


Summary The database established during 1989 by the A‐level Information System (ALIS) was utilized to consider the amount of part‐time work which A‐level students reported and their subsequent A‐level results. Data were also available on prior achievement, ability tests, gender and home background. About half of all A‐level students reported being engaged in part‐time work and they tended to get slightly lower A‐level grades than A‐level students, with similar characteristics, who were not involved in part‐time work. The lower grades are, however, not interpreted as being caused by involvement in part‐time work, but simply as being associated with it. This conclusion is reached by consideration of the relationships found between A‐level grades and part‐time work across different subjects on the one hand, and the lack of connection between part‐time work and the number of hours spent on homework on the other.


Interfacial fracture toughness acting as true adhesion strength has been identified as a key factor in evaluating delamination problems of IC plastic packages. However, since most conventional adhesion tests are not configured to obtain this bi-material fracture toughness constant (only apparent adhesion strengths varying with specimen geometry and loading position), their results cannot be used for structural design and material selection purposes. This study employed an end notch flexure (ENF) test to determine, by means of finite element analysis (FEA), the true adhesion strength expressed in terms of resultant stress intensity factor of mixed mode I and mode II fracture. The ENF test was successfully applied to specimens composed of epoxy moulding compounds (EMCs) and 3 different leadframes such as bare Cu, Ni plated Cu and black oxide Cu for adhesion evaluation without any moisture preconditioning. The results indicated that most epoxy compounds adhering to black oxide Cu can achieve relatively high fracture toughness, but in opposite behaviour to Ni plated Cu. It has been verified that there is a strong correlation between these findings and the occurrence of package delamination in real cases. Indeed, for a specific IC package, the selection of plating materials for adhesion improvement may directly rely on the corresponding fracture toughness found, as the mechanical effect of thin plating material can be negligible.


Abrasion and Stain Removal by Different Manual Toothbrushes and Brush Actions: Studies in vitro. D. Dyer, E. MacDonald, R.G. Newcombe, C. Scratcher, F. Ley and M. Addy. Journal of Clinical Periodontology 2001; 28: 121–127.


Technology development is a core area of agricultural research, and the increasing global focus on client-demand and market opportunities is intended to increase its relevance and effectiveness. This theme focuses on the achievements of and lessons learnt from technological options developed for crop and livestock systems including breeding, management practices and processing and appropriate technologies, knowledge, information and methods that enhance productivity, value addition and the competitiveness of the products in both national and international markets. A number of research providers as well as public sector bodies such as national agricultural systems and universities, non-governmental organisations which have links to broad farmer networks have become increasingly involved in research activities. Consequently, agricultural researchers have and are continually developing a broad range of technological options to secure the production of safe food and non food cash crops and to achieve the most efficient and ecologically sound use of natural resources; soil, water and energy. It is however apparent that farmers prefer packages of information-not just pest management strategies alone but a total package including other aspects such as soil and weed management options.


Purpose The endothelial cell density is the most important morphological factor of the corneal endothelium. Morphometry of the corneal endothelium is an important part of several clinical applications. Morphometry of the endothelium is presently carried out by semi automated analysis of pictures captured by Clinical Specular Microscopy (CSM). The need of operator involvement makes this process time consuming. This study presents a method for fully automated analysis of a large range of in vivo images of the corneal endothelium, captured by CSM, using Fourier analysis.


Rhenium may be separated from V by passing a 0.3N HCl solution containing both ions through a column packed with MMG-1 anion exchange resin (OH form). Washing with O.3N HCl solution elutes the V, and then the Re retained on the resin is eluted with 2.5N NaOH. The separation may also be effected with SBS cationexchange resin (hydrogen form). In this case the Re is eluted with acidified water, and then the V is eluted by washing with a 1:4 NH/sub 3/ solution. For the separation of V from W the solution with a pH 1 is passed through a column packed with anion-exchange Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/. The V is eluted by successive washing with a pH 1 solution containing H/sub 2/O/sub 2/ and then the same solution with no peroxide. The W is then eluted with an ammonia solution. The V and W are determined in the filtrates by the usual methods. For the separation of Re from W the solution, acid to congo paper, is passed through a column of W/sub 2/O/sub 3/. The Re is eluted with HCl, and the W is then eluted with an ammonia solution. The Re and W may be determined in themore » filtrates. The method for the preparation of the Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ amion-exchange column is described. (J.S.R.)« less


The extensible monitoring system is very critical to monitor information resource in Grid. The paper gives a detailed presentation of object, event, data of a Grid monitoring system and analysis two kinds of monitoring architecture: GMA and MDS, one is model on theory and other is information component in Globus.


Selection of project start time is a problem that decision makers often face. This is important when, e.g., the final results depend on currency exchange rates. Sometimes more favourable rates can be expected in the future, but postponing the project start date involves the risk of delay beyond acceptable limits. In the paper, the Cox-Ross-Rubinstein method (CRR), based on binominal trees, is applied. Two criteria are taken into account: project cost and the probability of project delay. It is assumed that the parameters of probability distribution are specified by experts. The problem is presented as a dynamic process. An interactive technique of multi-criteria decision-making about problems under risk is proposed. The procedure uses trade-offs to select a proposal, which is next evaluated by the decision maker.


The monomeric complex Cp'Cr(CO) 2 S(C 5 H 4 )FeCp (Cp' = MeC 5 H 4 , Cp = C 5 H 5 ) (I) and the dimeric complex [CpCr(CO) 2 ] 2 [μ 2 -SC 5 H 4 Mn(CO) 3 ] 2 (II) were synthesized by the reaction of [Cp'Cr(CO) 3 ] 2 or [CpCr(CO) 3 ] 2 with metal-containing disulfides (CpFeC 5 H 4 ) 2 S 2 or [C 5 H 4 Mn(CO) 3 ] 2 S 2 , respectively. The complexes were studied by X-ray crystallography, IR spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. Complex I contains a short double bond Cr=S (2.136 A), whereas, in II, the Cr-S bonds with two thiolate bridging groups are single (av. 2.448 A), and a Cr-Cr bond is absent (Cr(1)...Cr(2), 3.672 A).


Despite its widespread use in multiple sclerosis, the effectiveness of ACTH remains unproven. Reports have appeared that suggest therapeutic value, but few of these are adequately controlled and none adequately large. Many who believe that ACTH does have an effect on acute exacerbations hold that the effect is limited to an amelioration of acute manifestations, unaccompanied by any beneficial long‐term effect such as the prevention of subsequent bouts, and of progressive deterioration. In view of the magnitude of the therapeutic challenge posed by multiple sclerosis, ACTH requires definitive evaluation. It would be a mistake, however, at this stage to mount a long‐term clinical trial aimed, even in part, at the prevention of bouts and progressive deterioration. The place to start is at the acute exacerbation and to determine the clinical nature of any therapeutic response to ACTH administered over a brief period to patients with fresh exacerbations.

The specific objective of this therapeutic trial is to evaluate ACTH as a therapy for patients in acute exacerbations of multiple sclerosis. Such exacerbations must have had their onset within eight weeks of enrollment in the study. Therapy will be administered in hospital for two weeks; and the period of observation will be four weeks in all, including the two weeks following administration of ACTH.

The general plan will be to administer therapy (ACTH or placebo), in double‐blind fashion, to all eligible patients for two weeks in hospital, to observe and record carefully the progress of the disease, both in hospital and for two weeks thereafter at clinic visits, and to compare patients on ACTH with those on placebo with respect to changes in neurologic signs and symptoms and in functional capacity.

### 2.1 Central Office

A Central Office to administer the therapeutic trial will be established in the Division of Neurology, UCLA Center for the Health …


The model of 200 MW integrated gasification combined cycle(IGCC) system was established by the software ThermoFlex for choosing reasonable gas turbine's regulation mode.Effects of gas turbine's regulation modes on off-design performance of gas top cycle system,steam bottom system and whole IGCC system were compared and studied from the point of system.Results show that adjusting compressor inlet guide vanes(IGV) angle makes for improving off-design performance of system.The closed IGV angle while using regulation mode for keeping turbine inlet temperature(T3) constant is smaller than while using regulation mode for keeping gas turbine exhaust temperature(T4) constant.Although system efficiency while using regulation modes for keeping T3 constant is little higher than while using regulation mode for keeping T4 constant,main steam temperature easily appears severe exceeding temperature,so regulation mode for keeping T4 constant is optimal.


Selenium contamination of environmental systems poses a threat to ecosystems and human health. Of the four valence states of selenium, the oxyanions selenate and selenite are the most mobile, and developing a complete understanding of the mechanisms of selenium cycling and selenium oxyanion immobilization is paramount in assessing the efficacy of natural attenuation and in developing efficient engineered methods for selenium removal. Compound specific isotope analysis is a tool that shows promise for identifying mechanisms of transport and transformation of environmental contaminants, and has been applied to some extent using selenium isotopes to examine selenium cycling. This work develops the applicability of oxygen stable isotope analysis for the purpose of identifying and examining selenium oxyanion transformations and immobilization in natural systems. Oxygen isotopes may be used in conjunction with selenium isotopes to provide a more complete picture of selenium cycling. The immobilization of selenate via reduction by the layered double hydroxide (LDH) chloride green rust was found to cause a fractionation in the oxygen isotope of selenate, resulting in enrichment of the heavier isotope (22.7‰) much larger than the one identified for selenium isotopes for reduction by green rust. The biotic reduction of selenate by the bacterium Sulfurospirillum barnesii resulted in enrichment of the heavy oxygen isotope (1.5-5.8‰) that was distinct from the value found for reduction by green rust, indicating that these isotopes may be useful for distinguishing between the two dominant methods of selenate reduction in natural systems. These experiments also suggest that mass transfer prior to reduction may have a muting effect on fractionation of the oxygen isotope. Kinetic questions raised by the isotope work with chloride green rust were addressed through sorption experiments of selenate and selenite by the non-reducing LDH pyroaurite. It was found that the affinity and capacity of the LDH for selenate was affected by the interlayer anion preference of the LDH; selenate exchanges rapidly with chloride but not as rapidly with sulfate, and very little exchange occurs when carbonate is the interlayer anion. This mass transfer trend extended to selenate reaction with different types of green rust, and may impact isotope fractionation. The impact of mass transfer on


Approximately 100,000 people are homeless in Australia each night, and the number of homeless in Australia is increasing (Australian Government, 2008b). Domestic and family violence are now acknowledged as the largest single cause of homelessness in Australia (Australian Government, 2008a). Existing research has found that sexual assault is also of significance to the homelessness problem, particularly for the most disadvantaged, for whom the situation of homelessness has become entrenched. However, the relationship between homelessness and sexual assault has received little recognition in policy, research or service provision. Being homeless has profound implications for a person's overall life and wellbeing, but when a homeless person experiences sexual assault(s), before and/or during the experience of homelessness, their lives are made significantly more difficult.


Strong patent rights are not responsible for a so-called knowledge gap between developed and developing countries. Contrary to the anti-patent writings and speeches of Joseph Stiglitz, the Nobel-Prize winning economist at Columbia University, who asserts that patents restrict the dissemination of information and contribute to a "knowledge gap," knowledge is disseminated through patent disclosure. Stiglitz's claim that researchers principally seek status, as opposed to profits, from their work is deficient, given the economic involvement of patents in sustaining the quantity and quality of applied as well as basic university research. In addition, strong patent rights do not breed anti-competitive conduct, rather anti-competitive concerns should be addressed through antitrust and consumer protection law, not through reform of intellectual property rights. Stiglitz's proposed alternatives to the U.S. patent system is also questionable. While increased government spending and use of "prizes" may have their place, there is no reason why they cannot coexist with strong patent rights. The suggestion that developing countries should impose compulsory licenses that enable them to produce technologies without payment to patent holders is also unreasonable, and past justification of such licenses have relied on misrepresentations of U.S. practice. Moreover, such compulsory licensing proposals are not limited in scope and could be used to justify condemnation of intellectual property "at-will."


The increased exploration of deeper Arctic waters motivates the designs of new floating structures to operate under harsh Arctic conditions. Based on several model tests and investigations, structures with conical sections at the waterline have been shown to be a good design for waters where drifting ice is present, because the approaching ice fails in bending which induces smaller loads than crushing failure. However, in most Arctic waters ice features are only present parts of the year and a large portion of the operation time of these structures will be in open water. Therefore, the floating structures must perform well in both these conditions. Conical sections at the waterline will induce nonlinear coupling in the hydrostatic restoring forces and moments. It is important to understand how this affects the behaviour in both ice and open water conditions. In order to investigate the nonlinear coupled hydrostatic restoring forces, an exact analytic expression for the metacentric height of a regular cone is presented. This is further derived to a frustum cone that can be used to develop an exact analytic expression for the hydrostatic restoring forces and moments for any conical body. A platform of the shallow draught-type is used as a basis for the discussion and the effect of the coupled nonlinear restoring forces is illustrated by two-degrees-of-freedom (2DOF) pitch-heave time domain simulations.Copyright © 2009 by ASME


The p–n typed sulfide/nitride heterostructures embedded onto carbon hollow nanosheet arrays for highly stable lithium–sulfur batteries owing to anchoring-conversion of polysulfides.


A new stream of research was born in the last decade with the goal of mining itemsets of interest using Constraint Programming (CP). This has promoted a natural way to combine complex constraints in a highly flexible manner. Although CP state-of-the-art solutions formulate the task using Boolean variables, the few attempts to adopt propositional Satisfiability (SAT) provided an unsatisfactory performance. This work deepens the study on when and how to use SAT for the frequent itemset mining (FIM) problem by defining different encodings with multiple task-driven enumeration options and search strategies. Although for the majority of the scenarios SAT-based solutions appear to be non-competitive with CP peers, results show a variety of interesting cases where SAT encodings are the best option.


The utility model discloses a double layered yurt which comprises an outer wall body, at least an inner wall body and a yurt top cover. The outer wall body is of a cylinder shape and is provided with at least one door and window; the inner wall is of cylinder shape and is placed inside the outer wall body, while the outer wall body and the inner wall body form a ring structure, and at least a door is arranged in the inner wall body to connect with the outer wall body; the inner wall body is taller than the outer wall body and a skirt shaped glass fabric reinforced plastic glazed tile is arranged between the top of the outer wall body and the inner wall body, and the yurt top cover is arranged on the top of the inner wall body. The utility model is light and beautiful, and the integral structure is favorable. The utility model with multiple functions is characterized in short construction duration and low cost.


Abstract. This research paper centred on how the global silver price can be estimated and predicted by implementing the Evans Price Adjustment model (EPA). Firstly, we derived the equation that can represent and capture data involving price, demand, and supply of global silver price 2013-2021. We deployed two different numerical methods of solving ordinary differential equation (ODE). The first method is 4th order Adam Bashforth-Moulton method and the second is Euler numerical method. Same problem were solved using the two numerical methods, an attempt to check the effectiveness of the deployed methods. From there, we were able to affirm more suitable technique for this problem. Evans Price Adjustment model which is based on the fundamental principle of economics was chosen because it established a relationship between the price, demand and supply. The data used in this research work were collected from World Bank, a public open-source and trustable website that arbour data regarding the price of commodities. From our findings, this research work can be proclaimed to be successful, since the results obtained using Adam Bashforth-Moulton and Euler numerical methods follow the trend in the real data. Although, ABM4 model predictive model outperformed its counterpart in predicting the price of silver more accurately, but both approaches were able to capture the trend in real price of silver within the time frame. Hopefully, this research work would be a useful reference materials for investors and other shareholder in silver business.
Keyword:  EPAM, Euler method, Numerical solution, predictive model