................................................................................................................... i Acknowledgements ................................................................................................. iv Chapter 1: General Introduction ............................................................................... 1 Nutrition Value of Chickpea ................................................................................ 1 Charcoal Root Rot (Macrophomina phaseolina) .................................................. 2 Using neem extract to control soil borne fungi ..................................................... 3 The aims of this study .......................................................................................... 4 Thesis Outline ...................................................................................................... 5 Chapter 2: Literature review..................................................................................... 6 Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) .............................................................................. 6 The chickpea crop ............................................................................................ 6 Mutualistic symbionts of chickpea ....................................................................... 7 Rhizobia ........................................................................................................... 7 Mycorrhizas ..................................................................................................... 8 Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) of chickpea ............................................. 9 Root exudates of chickpea .................................................................................... 9 Root exudates and rhizosphere ....................................................................... 10 Impacts of root exudates on soil microbial communities ................................. 10 Chickpea diseases .............................................................................................. 11 Ascochyta blight ............................................................................................ 12


Fractional calculus theory includes the definitions of derivatives and integrals with arbitrary order.  This theory is used to solve some classes of differential equations and fractional differential equations. One of these equations is the damped free vibration equation. This equation is a linear homogeneous differential equation with constant coefficients. In this paper, we intend to solve this equation by means of N-fractional calculus method.


Abstract Family interaction patterns were compared for children with depressive disorders and children with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). Results indicated that compared to SSD children, depressed children were less positive and more negative when interacting with their mothers. Additionally, depressed children did not significantly reciprocate positive or negative statements initiated by their mothers, whereas reciprocity of both positiveness and negativeness was a significant characteristic of the SSD children. While no between group differences were found in the base rates of mothers' positive and negative responses, mothers of SSD children were more likely than mothers of depressed children to reciprocate child negativeness. Maternal reciprocity of positive statements, while not discriminating diagnostic groups, was a significant characteristic only of mothers of depressed children. The implications of these results for theories of developmental psychopathology are discussed.


to monitor its progression or regression to optimal AbStrACt The work is theoretical in nature and was created to test the relationship between age and changes in astigmatism. The analysis was carried out on the basis of the available studies described in the literature on the subject. The collected statistical data and medical information allow for the conclusion that astigmatism may change with age. The implemented project presents results that have both cognitive and application value. The identified bindings can be used in the medical practice of patients with astigmatism.


A bulk Fe<inf>84</inf>Nb<inf>7</inf>B<inf>9</inf> alloy was produced by extruding amorphous powder at temperatures (T<inf>e</inf>) between 653 and 723K, at pressures (P<inf>e</inf>) between 824 and 1208 MPa, and at a speed (V<inf>e</inf>) of 5 mm/s. The subsequent annealing of the extruded bulk alloy for 3.6 ks at temperatures between 873 and 973K resulted in the formation of a (for the most part) single bec phase, with grain sizes near 10 nm. The bulk alloy, extruded at a P<inf>e</inf> above 1000 MPa, has a high relative density of 99%. The soft magnetic properties are better for bulk materials extruded at lower pressures, and the bulk alloy extruded at T<inf>e</inf>=698K and P<inf>e</inf>=870 MPa exhibits a magnetization (B<inf>800</inf>) of 1.40 T, a permeability of 1123, and a coercive force (H<inf>c</inf>) of 47 A/m, values which are inferior to those of the bec ribbon alloy (1.49 T, 22000, 8 A/m). The difference between the soft magnetic properties of the bulk material and the ribbon forms is presumably due to the inhomogeneity of the microstructure, oxidation of the powder, and the remainder of a higher internal stress in the bulk alloy.


Article is devoted to the substantiation of organizational-pedagogical conditions of research activity of the manager. Theo-retical aspects of the basic directions of research activity are con-sidered: forms, kinds, model of development of research compo-nent of an expert in sphere of service and tourism.


Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an inherited x‐link disease caused by the deletion of the dystrophin gene. DMD is characterized by progressive muscle weakness and degeneration of skeletal, cardiac and respiratory muscles resulting in severe functional impairment. The beta‐2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) plays a functional role in muscle size, strength and regeneration through regulation of multiple downstream mechanisms. Multiple polymorphisms of the ADRB2 have been identified as including a glycine (Gly) for arginine (Arg) substitution at amino acid 16. This polymorphism (Gly16) has been shown to have higher receptor density on lymphocytes and be more resistant to receptor down regulation. Although not specifically studied previously, human subjects with the Gly16 polymorphism tend to have a greater body mass index, despite greater fitness levels, possibly suggesting greater muscle mass. Therefore, the Gly16 polymorphism may attenuate skeletal muscle degeneration.


The commentaries on this forum's anchor article, 'China's Integration into the Global Financial System: Toward a State-led Conception of Global Financial Networks', examine how the state is shaping global financial networks (GFNs). In response to these reviews, this article discusses three common themes that bind the different commentaries: (1) different types of agency, power, and the rise of new actors; (2) the methodology behind studying state-led GFNs; and (3) the structural question of 'Chinese exceptionalism' as a mode of capitalism. Overall, this article affirms that the state remains central to our understanding of competitive hierarchies and firm behavior in financial networks.


Aldol condensation of the magnesium enolate derived from anhydro-6,6-dibromopenicillin with acetaldehyde allows for the stereospecific introduction of a 1-R-hydroxyethyl substituent at C-6. Protection of the hydroxy group followed by reductive dehalogenation provides anhydro-6(α)-[(1-R)-(tert;-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-ethyl]-penicillin, an intermediate in the synthesis of thienamycin. A high yield conversion of this anhydro derivative to (4-R)-acetoxy-(3-S)-[(1-R)-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy-ethyl]-azetidin-2-one (5) is also reported.


The invention discloses a preparation method of a waterborne mold-proof finishing paint. The method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing 22%-28% of a mixture composed of protective mold-proof capsule spore and rubber powder at the weight ratio of 3: 1, 20%-25% of de-ionized water, 8%-12% of a filler and 5%-7% of an additive, and stirring uniformly at 70-80 DEG C at a revolution speed of 400-800 r/min; (2) weighing and adding 30%-40% of a waterborne polyurethane emulsion to the step (1); (3) weighing and adding 0.2%-0.5% of a de-foaming agent, 0.1%-0.5% of a preservative and 0.5%-0.9% of a thickener to the step (2), stirring for 5-10 min at the revolution speed of 400-800 r/min, and filtering to obtain the waterborne mold-proof finishing paint. According to the reparation method of a waterborne mold-proof finishing paint, the obtained finishing paint is good in mold resistance and elasticity, and the process is simple.


In this paper, we study the effect of non deterministic CNOT gates on the success probability of Quantum CNOT-based circuits. Based on physical implementation, we define an abstract probabilistic model of the CNOT gate that takes into consideration error sources and realizability constraints. Using the proposed model, we simulate a three-qubit quantum adder and show the evolution of the probability of realizing correctly the SUM operation depending on the success probability and errors of the CNOT gates.


Portland concrete is a powdered that is the dynamic fixing in concrete. It is depicted as the holding material having firm and concrete properties which makes it skilled to join the undeniable improvement materials and structure the compacted get together. In this paper we have looking at changed kinds of Portland concrete.


This article analyzed the videos of the first six players'best achievements and got some kinematics data by using two Panasonic M9000 cameras shooting the woman-hammer finals of the Ninth Chinese Sports Meeting in 2001 on the spot.From the angle of kinematics,this article quantitatively analyzed the space-time charcteristics of rotated tehniques of Chinese outstanding woman-hammer players.The conclusions show that the hammer's velocity increment is low in the rotation process,and the hammer's velocity increment gradually decreases as rotating when the hammer's velocity increment reaches the maximum in the rotation process;in rotating,the timing of right foot's lift and drop exists"early lift and late drop","late lift and late drop""late lift and early drop"in rotating process,the included angle of shoulder-hip is wider than that of foot-hip when right foot dropping forms two feet standing,which gradually decreases as rotating.This is one of the reasons that make the ability of athletic continuous acceleration weak and the hammer's velocity increment decrease.


Seven genotypes of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were used (SK 95, Side14, Side 12, SK94, Giemiza 9, Giemiza 7, Al-Fayyad) and their 21 crosses from half diallel crosses, and they were planted at the Agricultural Research and Experiment Station of the Faculty of Agriculture. Agriculture - University of Kirkuk, using a randomized complete block design with three replicates in order to study the hybrid vigor, the genetic and phenotypic correlation, and the path analysis of the grain yield components. It is noted from the results that the hybrid 2*6 had the heterosis deviation from the average of the parents and the best of them are significant and in the desired direction in the number of active tillers plant-1, the number of grains spikes-1 and grain yield, and the genetic and phenotypic correlation was positive for the significant number of active tillers plant-1, the number of spikelet's spike-1 and the number of grain spike-1, and significant positive for the weight of 1000 grains with the grains yield plant-1, and the highest genetic and phenotypic correlation value of the number of grains spike-1 was 0.8** and 0.785**, respectively with grain yield, and when the correlations were divided into direct and indirect effects, the number of grains spikes-1 had the highest direct effect, which confirms the possibility of adopting it as a selective indicator to improve grain yield.


Leadless pacemakers (LPs) provide ventricular pacing without the risks associated with transvenous leads and device pockets. LPs are appealing for patients who need pacing, but do not need defibrillator or cardiac resynchronization therapy. Most implanted LPs provide right ventricular pacing without atrioventricular synchrony (VVIR mode). The Mode Selection Trial in Sinus Node Dysfunction (MOST) showed similar outcomes in patients randomized to dual‐chamber (DDDR) versus ventricular pacing (VVIR). We compared outcomes by pacing mode in LP‐eligible patients from MOST.


Estimating the empirical entropy of the elements in a dataset is an important task in data analysis. In particular, empirical entropy can be effectively used to detect anomalies in network traffic. However, computing the empirical entropy of a large dataset is computationally expensive and requires a large amount of memory. This is particularly important in high-speed network traffic analysis, where computing the entropy of a data flow in real time requires using hardware accelerators with restricted on-chip memory and arithmetic resources. In this work, we propose a method to estimate the entropy using a streaming algorithm with sublinear space requirements. Our approach uses a sketch to estimate the frequency of the elements in the stream, and a priority queue to store the top-k most frequent elements. We show that our method can provide a good approximation of the entropy of the dataset, and present the design of a hardware accelerator that can compute the entropy of the stream with a throughput of one packet per clock cycle. Implemented on a Xilinx Zynq UltraScale + MPSoC ZCU102 FPGA, our accelerator can operate at line rates above 181 Gbps, consuming 511 mW and using less than 24% of the resources available on the device.


: An effective free vibration optimization procedure in combination with the isogeometric approach (IGA), particle swarm optimization (PSO) and an integrated global and local parameterization is presented. The natural frequency of functionally graded (FG) plates is calculated by the IGA based on the B é zier extraction of non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBS) with the cubic NURBS basis function. The material composition is assumed to vary only in the thickness direction, and the volumetric fraction is described by the NURBS basis function in light of the superior properties of NURBS curves. The volume fractions of the control points are then optimized by the PSO. In most of the previous work, the control points for the volume fraction are usually equally spaced, which is incapable of identifying the optimal location of the graded zones in most cases. To overcome this bottleneck, a novel local refinement strategy is proposed. The reliability and effectiveness of the proposed approach are demonstrated through several numerical examples. It is interesting to observe that the optimal results are sandwich or laminate plates, and few parameters are involved in the integrated global and local parameterization.


This thesis investigates the behavioural and anatomical correlates of recovery from motor cortex damage in rats. The effectiveness of behavioural, pharmacological, and regenerative treatments was investigated using models of focal stroke. Chronic bilateral motor deficits were found after motor cortex damage induced by various methods. These behavioural deficits were similar in severity and duration although they were correlated with different patterns of cortical reorganization seen in Golgi-stained tissue. Animals with motor cortex injury benefited from postinjury olfactory stimulation, chronic administration of nicotine, and infusions of epidermal growth factor followed by erythropoietin. Different mechanisms of plasticity in remaining cortical circuits are discussed as possible candidates responsible for the behavioural improvement. The current thesis expands the current knowledge of the effects of adult cortical damage to areas critical to motor control. It also may stimulate research on therapies and possible mechanisms that might enhance recovery after stroke.


Provided are an electromagnetic-induction-type position detector which can be small sized and in which interference errors do not occur, and a detection method. The present invention has: a stator (11) having first and second main patterns (13, 14) and first and second sub-patterns (15, 16); and a rotor (12) having a main pattern part (17a) and a sub-pattern part (17b), in which adjacent comb-shaped electrodes of the main pattern part (17a) and the sub-pattern part (17b) are connected to form a single loop; and when an excitation electric current is supplied to the first and second main patterns (13, 14), an excitation voltage excited in the main pattern part (17a) is detected in the first and second sub-patterns (15, 16) via the sub-pattern part (17b), and when an excitation electric current is supplied to the first and second sub-patterns (15, 16), the excitation voltage excited in the sub-pattern part (17b) is detected in the first and second main patterns (13, 14) via the main pattern part (17a).


Technology intelligence is rapidly becoming a widely recognized and important subset of the broader process of competitive intelligence. This article describes what the author views as the differentiating characteristics of business intelligence, competitive intelligence, and technology intelligence, and how external technology scouting—seeking new ideas in science and technology for further development—is filling a major and integrated role. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


The study was carried out to evaluate the proximate and nutrient contents of Almond (Terminalia catappa) seeds obtained from three states of eastern Nigeria, namely: Imo, Enugu and Anambra states. Hundred seeds were handpicked from each state. The physical characteristics (length, circumference, whole weight, weight of kernels (nuts) and the hull) of the fruits were measured. Proximate, physiochemical and anti-nutritional content analysis were performed on triplicate samples of raw or roasted kernels across the locations after sun drying. The treatment means (location x processing) were compared using Steel and Torrie (1960) procedure. Location significantly (p<0.05) affected the protein, fibre and carbohydrate (CHO) contents of the seeds. Protein content of T. catappa seeds was highest (24.2%) in Anambra and lowest (14.5%) in Imo. Roasting decreased the CHO content from 35.6 to 33%. Roasted seed is advantageous since it increased protein, fat and fibre content of T. catappa. Calcium, iron, zinc and tannin were influenced by location. Seeds from Enugu had the least content of these nutrients. However, those from Imo were the largest in size and had the highest kernel and seed weights. As judged by the results the concentration of macro and micronutrients in this lesser known legume have promising potentials to alleviate the risk of some nutritional deficiency diseases in Nigeria.


Dear readers, It is with pleasure and pride that we present the first issue of the IEEE Open Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems (OJ-ITS). Responding to a world-wide demand for Gold Open Access Journals, 'OJ-ITS' has been developed as one of seven new Open Journals published by IEEE. Published by the IEEE Intelligent Transportation System Society, OJ-ITS publishes both scientific as well as application oriented work covering the full scope of ITS. OJ-ITS is an on-line journal, with rapid publication through IEEE Xplore.


Knowledge Management is a relatively new field, but KM practices around the world show a rich variety of lessons learned, and the body of literature is growing rapidly. Organisations implementing Knowledge Management generally have two objectives. First they nurture the creation of new knowledge in order to speed up innovation and gain a competitive advantage. Second, by sharing existing knowledge they try to increase efficiency, i.e. prevent the wheel from being reinvented too often. Three practices to achieve these goals are described: knowledge bases, Yellow Pages and communities. This analysis is based on Beep 1 , an on line knowledge base with good practices and a literature review of some of the most important KM books. The cases described come from large multinationals, as they are at the forefront of KM developments.


The Swiss Swiss Consultant Trust Fund (CTF) support covered the period from July to December 2007 and comprised four main tasks: (1) Analysis of historic land degradation trends in the four watersheds of Zerafshan, Surkhob, Toirsu, and Vanj; (2) Translation of standard CDE GIS training materials into Russian and Tajik to enable local government staff and other specialists to use geospatial data and tools; (3) Demonstration of geospatial tools that show land degradation trends associated with land use and vegetative cover data in the project areas, (4) Preliminary training of government staff in using appropriate data, including existing information, global datasets, inexpensive satellite imagery and other datasets and webbased visualization tools like spatial data viewers, etc. The project allowed building of local awareness of, and skills in, up-to-date, inexpensive, easy-to-use GIS technologies, data sources, and applications relevant to natural resource management and especially to sustainable land management. In addition to supporting the implementation of the World Bank technical assistance activity to build capacity in the use of geospatial tools for natural resource management, the Swiss CTF support also aimed at complementing the Bank supervision work on the ongoing Community Agriculture and Watershed Management Project (CAWMP).


In this article, the authors propose a reflection on the idea of negativity in  a critical and philosophical perspective that can approach in other ways the meanings and purposes of the formation of both the individual and the thought in current times. The denial, or yet, a philosophy of negativity (Adorno, 2009) is presented as a breeding ground for a reconfiguration of the pedagogical ideal and its possibilities to question the anthropological and historical features of what is introduced to us as the truth. The attitude of resistance is, in this text, a key component to the possibility of this philosophy of negativity, which allows us to expand our horizon of thinking and action. The actual intent couldn't be further from an irrefutable conclusion, quite the contrary. We intend to inspire a provocative debate that destabilizes both the idea of the selfconscious individual and of how they relate with the world. We understand that this is a way to open possibilities to other experiences and narratives about the process of formation and (de)formation in the education.


Short-term load forecasting (STLF) is of great value in power system operation. This paper proposes an STLF method based on the broad learning system (BLS). First, factors that have major impacts on load demands are selected as input variables of STLF. Then, the construction of BLS is discussed. The original input is mapped into feature nodes using the sparse autoencoder, and the network expands in width through the enhancement nodes which are generated from the mapped features. Both the feature and enhancement nodes are directly connected to the output layer. Such a flat structure is exploited to implement incremental learning, which updates BLS dynamically without retraining. Finally, the proposed model is tested on the ISO New England dataset. Test results indicate that BLS is accurate and efficient compared with the existing machine learning techniques. Moreover, the incremental learning capability improves the efficiency of the update of STLF models remarkably.


Visual records, radio interviews and onboard observ ations of the fishing activities during a 58 days s cientific expedition to Trindade Island and the Martin Vaz Ar chipelago were obtained from February to April 2007 . The regular activities of four different fisheries were observed: pelagic longline, bottom line, trolling and handline. These fisheries caused mortality of at least seven species with some level threat, according to the In ternational Union for Conservation of Nature list. The establis hment of specific restriction norms for hook-and-li ne activities around the oceanic islands was seen as an alternati ve for the conservation of the ichthyofauna of the region. Satellite monitoring to track the fishery vessels c ould be established through the national program as another legal mean to diminish fishing the impact.


Aim at the general problems of digital anti-counterfeiting system,according to the software engineering methods, this paper analyses the design and implementation of digital anti-counterfeiting public service system,and exploit the risk man- agement theories to control and manage its development.The new system is able to provide service interfaces and a variety of query methods for companies and manufacturers;moreover,it is capable of collecting and summarizing the feedback from market.Our practical work shows that it can ease the development,and improve reliability and maintainability,by combining the software engi- neering methods with digital anti-counterfeiting public service system,which will meet the anti-counterfeiting requirements of corporations.


There are two major types of production transfer in the global production networks: FDI and outsourcing. The level of production transfers can be directly measured by the import volumes of processing trade. This paper empirically studies and compares the different determinants of import volumes of processing trade in both FDI and outsourcing,using the panel data sets of the processing trade in Jiangsu Province during 2002-2006. The overall regression results show that economies of scale,low tax burden and good development prospects of a certain industry have significantly promoted the import volumes in processing trade. Comparative analysis reveals that the imports determining factors of the two types of production transfer have remarkable differences. Under the FDI production transfer,the enterprise technological innovation is one of the determining factors of processing trade's import increases,while under the outsourcing transfer,the influence is not significant,so the import increase relies more on economies of scale and low tax revenue. This study also finds that when considering the labor cost as an "influencing factor" of imports,there is a "threshold effect" in outsourcing industries.


Objective To assess the effectiveness of an improvement programme to reduce the number of interruptions during the medication administration process in a paediatric hospital. Design and methods A prestudy–post study design was used to monitor nursing interruptions during medication cycles in a paediatric hospital. Interruptions were reported on an observation sheet (MADOS-P) adapted to the paediatric context. Setting A 600-bed tertiary paediatric research hospital in Italy. Intervention The interventions included a yellow sash worn by nurses during medication cycles, a yellow-taped floor area indicating the 'No interruption area', visual notices in the medication areas, education sessions for healthcare providers and families, patient and parent information material. Results 225 medication cycles were observed before the intervention (T0) and 261 after the intervention (T1). The median of interruptions occurring in each cycle decreased significantly from baseline to postintervention (8.0 vs 2.0, p=0.002), as the rate ratios (interruptions/patient post–pre ratio: 0.34; interruptions/medication post–pre ratio: 0.37; interruptions/hour of medication cycle post–pre ratio: 0.53, p<0.001). During preintervention, the main causes of interruptions were 'other patients' (19.9%), 'other nurses' (17.2%) and 'conversation' (15.7%); during postintervention, they were 'other nurses' (26.1%), 'conversation' (18.2%) and 'other patients' (17.4%). Conclusions This bundle of interventions proved to be an effective improvement programme to prevent interruptions during medication administration in a paediatric context.


OBJECTIVE
To see if diagnostic accuracy and perforation rate in acute appendicitis is associated with age and sex of the patients and with the appendicectomy rate.

DESIGN
Retrospective study of consecutive patients from a defined population. Study of associations between diagnostic accuracy and perforation rate and appendicectomy rate in published reports.

SETTING
Jönköping county, Sweden.

SUBJECTS
3,029 patients operated on for suspected acute appendicitis from 1984-1989.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Findings at laparotomy for acute appendicitis, confirmed with histological examination in 83% of the cases.

RESULTS
Diagnostic accuracy was low at the extremes of age and in women (60% compared with 79% in men, p less than 0.001). When all intra-abdominal conditions were considered the percentage of negative laparotomies among women (24%) was twice that among men (12%, p less than 0.001). This difference between the sexes was also seen in nonfertile ages. Perforation rate was higher among men (18% compared with 13%, p less than 0.01) and at extremes of age. According to correlation analysis of published reports the perforation rate is unrelated to either diagnostic accuracy or appendicectomy rate while diagnostic accuracy is inversely associated with the appendicectomy rate.

CONCLUSION
A low diagnostic accuracy is a problem mainly at extremes of age and in females. A low appendicectomy rate is associated with a high diagnostic accuracy, while the perforation rate is unaffected. A conservative attitude to exploration therefore seems justified.


A 1998-99 household survey was conducted among 5184 households in Morocco to assess living standards healthcare expenditures and some anthropometric characteristics of the population 18 years and older. Anthropometric assessment determined the average Moroccan to be 163 cm tall and weigh 63.4 kg. On average Moroccan men are 11 cm taller than Moroccan women and 4.1 kg heavier. However regardless of sex urban Moroccans are more than 2 cm taller and 4.3 kg heavier than their rural counterparts. 43.2% of the population is statistically overweight; 51.4% of women and 33.7% of men and 48.2% and 36.3% of urban and rural populations respectively. 12.5% of the population however may be classified as considerably overweight. Overweight status involves 33.6% of Morocco's poorest households and 53.2% of the country's wealthiest households. The prevalence of underweight status declines with rising living standard. While a segment of Morocco's population is overweight and obese the scale of problematic obesity has yet to reach that currently observed in countries like the US and Sweden.


This article examines the informal learning of two principal HRD practitioners working at the Sydney 2000 Olympic Games construction sites, highlighting tensions between individual experience and the workplace. The article is based on an interpretive study in which findings are "counterpointed" by postmodern and critical perspectives. Key questions include these: Why is informal learning, at this particular moment, an important research focus in HRD? What are the problems of defining informal learning? How does one learn informally, and what affects it? The article concludes by rethinking informal learning and discussing implications for future HRD research and practice.


The present invention monitors the electronic data structures comprising the benchmark definition, the electronic data structure is a file having a format readable by the SGML language. The present invention relates to a method for processing and storing data objects by one or more processes executed in the further computer system. The method includes the step of receiving one or more electronic data structures by electronic means.


The so called IMO 2020 will enter into force on 1 January 2020. The article tries to collect, at a glance, the situation of the world fleet, the different positions and ways forward, took by different shipping interest in order to face the new regulation issued by the International Maritime Organization, IMO, regarding the content of Sox within the ship's exhaust gas emissions to the atmosphere. Some different solutions based in the use of scrubbers or very low sulphur fuel oil: as well as the LNG are contemplated, their different pros and cons also looking the horizon of the future more strong restrictions in 2050.


Blood samples taken from 11 dairy farms in Shihezhi and Kuitun of Xinjiang were determined qualitatively and quantitively of the ketone bodies and the morbidities of sub-clinical ketosis were studied. The results indicated that the morbidities of ketosis in Shihezhi were a little higher than that in Kuitun. The morbidities of the dairy farms in Shihezhi was 3.33%. The morbidities of the dairy farms in Kuitun was 1.52%. It could be better for detecting the disease to treatment and prevent of ketosis, then could improve the production efficiency of dairy farms.


Pleural effusion occurring in a young adult with a positive tuberculin skin test should be considered tuberculous until proved otherwise. Additional diagnostic technics include demonstrating tubercle bacilli by sputum or gastric culture or guinea pig inoculation and needle biopsy of pleural fluid for bacteriologic and histologic study. Recommended therapy is a regimen of isoniazid and PAS. A period of sanatorium treatment is desirable.


Elementary Abelian "p"-group actions on lens spaces, C. Allday a note on two-orbit varieties, M. Brion Hochschild homology for a polynomial cochain alegbra of a nilmanifold, B. Cenkl recent applications of universal connections, C.T.J. Dodson dimension theory and the Sullivan conjecture, J. Dydak and J.J. Walsh cyclic homology of triangular matrix algebras, L. Kadison topological problems arising from real algebraic geometry, H.C. King an invariant of 3-valent spatial graphs, K.C. Millett energy functionals of knots, J. O'Hara basic relative Nielsen numbers, X-Z. Zhao and others.


Today, the study of the development of Holocene nature and its individual components within the territory of Ukraine is quite active. The research results are reflected in dissertations and monographs as well as in numerous publications. But there is no separate generalizing scientific work linking all the available information. The aim of our work was the creation and maximum filling of the spatial database according to the results of paleosoil study of Holocene deposits of the plain territory of Ukraine on the basis of the conducted researches and to highlight perspectives of the development of such database. In the course of work an unified database of paleosoil researches of Holocene deposits of the territory of Ukraine was created. We used Opensource programs for the database creation. Some criteria for the implementation of the modern paleogeographic databases have been established. The attributive structure of the main paleosoil characteristics of the Holocene period has been formed and substantiated. The following blocks have been identified to characterize the paleosoil section as an object of study: 1) spatial reference (administrative, physical-geographical, geographical coordinates); 2) information about the study of the object (the name of the scientist and the year of study); 3) characteristics of the section (used research methods, type of modern and buried soil, thickness of the soil profile); 4) dating of deposits (paleogeographic and archaeological) 5) graphic materials; 6) references. The created database made it possible to determine the current state of paleosoil studies of the Holocene of the plain part of Ukraine in the territorial and chronological context, and also determined further perspectives for its development.


Abstract In recent years there have been a number of efforts across Africa to develop the field of astronomy as well as to reap benefit from astronomy for African people. This presentation will discuss the case of the SALT (Southern African Large Telescope) Collateral Benefits Programme (SCBP) which was set up to ensure societal benefit from astronomy. With African society as the target, the SCBP has embarked on various projects from school level education to public understanding of science to socio-economic development, the latter mainly being felt in the rural communities surrounding the South African Astronomical Observatory (home to SALT). A development plan for "Astronomy in Africa" will also be discussed. This plan has been drawn up with input from all over Africa and themed "Astronomy for Education". The Africa case stands as a good example for the IYA cornerstone project "Developing Astronomy Globally" which focuses on developing regions.


Patterning is essential for the fabrication of the integrated circuitry. Although current lithographic techniques for inorganic semiconductor chips produce feature sizes as small as a few tens of nanometers, these techniques are incompatible with organic materials. [7] For example, organic substrates can be damaged by wet chemical treatments and are vulnerable to mechanical stress from the patterning process. These constraints demand either the modification of photolithography [7] or newly devised schemes applicable to organic materials. [8] However, the performance of these circumvented strategies is still far from that of current photolithographic techniques in terms of minimum feature size, reliability, and throughput of patterning. [9] The ability to produce dense patterns of sub-micron features over the entire area of the substrate is limited by insufficient adhesion [7] which results in mechanical failures,


Today, using computer technologies in quality education and teaching is very beneficial. Everyone can teach subject not leaving the house by using computer and pedagogical programming tools which named e-learning. The experience of prestigious higher education institutions has shown that today's modern education is becoming more and more popular, and the main interests of prestigious higher education institutions are focused on distance learning. Particularly, in teaching oriental languages. This article includes the history of e-learning, the types of education, the types of popular e-learning systems and their analysis which named of Rosetta Stone, Lingualeo, Smart Notebook. Regulatory legal acts about teaching oriental languages, presidential orders and decrees, their actual expressions, distance learning and performance mechanism in using these pedagogical programming tools are analyzed in the article. Throughout the current globalization process, internet access and computer technologies are explained worldwide, with the opportunity to get a quality education at world-renowned universities without leaving home. Especially, to learn oriental languages without computers is impossible. This article is devoted to analyzing works of online language courses named Rosetta Stone, Lingualeo, Smart Notebook which everyone has used. There are things about regulatory legal acts, President Decrees and Orders and their using to learning oriental languages in Republic. The offers and conclusions about online language courses and their participation on learning oriental languages, their advantages and defects and practice them are given.


One incident in the life of David Garrick—Shakespeare's Priest—has subsequently evoked the harshest kind of criticism even from his professed admirers, namely, his alteration of Hamlet. James Boaden, who prefaced an edition of the actor's letters in 1831 with a biographical sketch, wrote: If there be any one act of his management which we should wish to blot out from these pages it is his rash violation of the whole scheme of Shakespeare's Hamlet … All the contrivances of Shakespeare by which he added absence from the scene to the melancholy irresolution of the character were rendered abortive. It became as much a monodrame as Timon; and the passive Hamlet was kept on the rack of perpetual exertion. His very speeches were trimmed up with startling exclamations and furious resolves: even Yoric himself was thrown out of the play to render the wit and pathos of Sterne inapplicable and unintelligible. It was an actor's mutilation of all parts but his own.


The pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of ACP‐103, a selective serotonin 5‐HT2A receptor inverse agonist, were evaluated in 2 double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, dose escalation studies in healthy male volunteers. Pharmacokinetic sampling was measured up to 216 hours after single oral/nasogastric doses of ACP‐103 and after the last dose of once‐daily oral administration of ACP‐103 for 14 days. Single doses of ACP‐103 (20–300 mg) resulted in dose‐proportionate mean Cmax values (9–152 ng/mL) and AUC0–∞ (706–10 798 h·ng/mL), and multiple doses (50–150 mg) resulted in dose‐proportionate mean Cmax, ss (93–248 ng/mL) and AUC0–∞,ss (1839–4680 h·ng/mL). The half‐life of ACP‐103 was approximately 55 hours, with a tmax at 6 hours. ACP‐103 was well tolerated at single doses up to and including 300 mg and multiple doses up to 100 mg once daily for 14 days.


A Chinese medicine in the form of capsule for reinforcing the vital energy of kidney, invigorating Yang, and treating impotence is prepared from 14 Chinese-medicinal materials including ginseng, pilose antler, cinammon bark, wolfberry fruit, etc.


Academia focuses highly on circulation efficiency because it is the core content which reflects circulation industry's sustainable development potential.Most researchers believe that our country's circulation industry is inefficient.By building the Indicator System to measure China's circulation efficiency,which includes 3 first-degree indexes involving turnover index,size index,effectiveness index and 10 second-degree indexes,the paper uses the Factor Analysis to analyze China's circulation efficiency.Finally,we explain the reasons why the circulation efficiency fell from 1995 to 1999 and rose from 1999 to 2007.


The process of accreditation at present has a great importance as it serves to assure and promote the quality of the Institutions of Higher Education and the careers that they impart. In compliance with the functions granted by the LOES in Article 174, the CEAACES assesses, accredits and categorize to all the careers of the Institutions of Higher Education. The career assessment is a complex task that requires the intervention of experts in the area of specific knowledge to be assessed. The CEAACES has determined a generic assessment model that meets the common and fundamental aspects to all the careers. This research was conducted at the School of Applied Computer Science Education at the National University of Chimborazo, due to the needs arising from the process of evaluation and accreditation of courses imposed by the CEAACES in 2013, by Resolution No. 001-071 -CEAACES-2013. For which the discussed indicators of the Academy and Institutional Ambience criteria included in the model of Assessment of the Careers of Higher Education were analyzed. By means of the Bibliographical and documentary analysis of the evidences that lie in the different departments involved jointly with the descriptive study of the Assessment Process of the school of Computer Science helped to design a model of business processes, and came to determine a level of compliance with 63,66% for the Academy criteria and 84,87% for the criterion of Institutional Ambience.


We give a complete characterisation of univalent logharmonic mappings from the do- oo main D of C such that C \ {D} has countable many components onto 0. = C\ (J {pj} j=\ where pj is a singleton in C.


Invasive disease caused by Hemophilus influenzae type b (HIB) is recognized as a leading pediatric health problem. This agent is the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in the United States and, in addition, causes a wide variety of other serious infections. It is estimated that approximately 20,000 cases of invasive HIB disease occur annually in the United States, affecting one in every 200 children during the first five years of life. This incidence exceeds that of meningococcal disease by several fold and is similar to the peak incidence of paralytic poliomyelitis during the early 1950s. Furthermore, despite the availability of effective antimicrobials, significant morbidity, especially postmeningitic sequelae, and mortality continue. Consequently, there is no debate about the need for an effective vaccine, especially for young infants who are at greatest risk. It has been known for many years that antibody to the capsular polysaccharide of HIB, polyribosylribitol-phosphate (PRP), is protective


firm to the touch, smooth-surfaced and slightly umbilicate, brownish-red in color, and situated on the outer side of the upper third of the right arm (Fig. 1). These lesions on the vaccine injection site appeared 3 months after each of the three intradermal injections of an antityphoid-paratyphoid A and B (Pasteur Reg.) primary vaccination received in December 1985, and then in January and February 1986. Tbe size of the lesions increased during the first 6 weeks. They remained unchanged for the 2 months before medical advice was sought. The patient had no particular pathologic or dermatologic disorders. She was never subject to spontaneous or posttraumafic nodular lesions, and no cutaneous reactions occurred after previous vaccinations. The histologic examination (Fig. 2) of one of the nodules revealed, beneath a normal epidermis, areas centered on a degeneration of collagen. Around these necrotic centers was a palisaded pattern composed of histiocytes, which were sometimes epithelioid. Furthermore, one of these centers, a superficial one, was situated just above the epidermis, which at this point was subject to degeneration of its stratum basale. Thus, the necrotic center was in immediate contact with the stratum spinosum. The histologic lesions were similar to granuloma annulare with a perforating pattern. To reproduce these cutaneous lesions, intradermal injections were given on the external side of both forearms with various antigens and with antityphoid-paratyphoid A and B vaccine excipient: tuberculin (Pasteur, 1:10 IU), candidin (Pasteur, 1:10,000 lU/ml : 1 ml), trichophytin (Pasteur, 1:10,000 lU/ml: 1 ml), epidermophytin (Pasteur, 1:10,000 lU/ml: 1 ml), staphylococcic antigen (Pasteur, 1:10,000 lU/ml : 1 ml), streptococcic antigen (Pasteur, 1:10,000 lU/ml: 1 ml), CCB vaccine (Pasteur, 1:10,000 lU/ml: 1 ml), sodium chloride (9 g/l:0.5 ml), calcium chloride (2.6 mg/ml: 0.5 ml). No cutaneous reaction was observed on the injection site of any of these intradermal injections throughout a 10-month period of regular examination. Persistent nodular cutaneous reactions after vaccination have been described in several case studies: the histology of these nodules, when examined, shows foreign-body granulomas.'"^ Some bistologic features''^ are close to granuloma annulare because of the size of the central collagen necrosis surrounded by a palisade-like ring composed mainly of histiocytes and lymphocytes, with some fibroblasts and plasma cells and a few giant cells. Most authors''' found aluminium to be the cause of the pathogenesis of these postvaccination granulomas. Specific chemical coloration tests'and spectrophotometer analyses'"' have detected the presence of aluminium either within or outside the cells of these granulomas. Experimental intradermal injections of solution containing aluminium on guinea pigs also reproduced granulomatic lesions^'' similar to those affecting humans after the injection of vaccines containing adsorbed aluminium. The pathogenesis of the granuloma annulare-type nodules in our case study cannot, however, be explained by the presence of aluminium, because this metal is absent in the antityphoid-paratyphoid A and B vaccine (Pasteur), or can it be explained by the role of traumatism, resulting from the absence of cutaneous reactions to the various intradermal injections carried out on our patient.


We report the serendipitous detection of a very bright, very nearby microlensing event. In late 2006 October, an otherwise unremarkable A0 star at a distance of ~1 kpc (GSC 3656–1328) brightened achromatically by a factor of nearly 40 over the span of several days and then decayed in an apparently symmetrical way. We present a light curve of the event based on optical photometry from the Center for Backyard Astrophysics and the All Sky Automated Survey, as well as near-infrared photometry from the Peters Automated Infrared Imaging Telescope. This light curve is well fit by a generic microlensing model. We also report optical spectra and Swift X-ray and UV observations that are consistent with the microlensing interpretation. We discuss and reject alternative explanations for this variability. The lens star is probably a low-mass star or brown dwarf, with a relatively high proper motion of ≳20 mas yr−1, and may be visible using precise optical/infrared imaging taken several years from now. A modest, all-sky survey telescope could detect ~10 such events per year, which would enable searches for very low mass planetary companions to relatively nearby stars.


A set of reformulated theoretical formulas was developed to measure the relationships between moisture content (MC) and stress wave propagation velocity, dynamic modulus of elasticity ( "E" _"d" ), and modulus of stress-resistograph of the wood. The theory of wood science, elastic mechanics, wave science, and stress wave propagation were used as the theoretical basis. Using larch as the material, both stress wave and micro-drilling resistance technologies were used to study the timber property changes under different moisture contents. The results showed that when the MC of wood did not reach the fiber saturation point (FSP), the wood property decreased sharply with increased MC. However, the study also found that when the MC of wood was higher than the FSP, the wood property decreased with increased MC. In addition, the experimental results showed that the variation trend calculated by the new set of theoretical formulas was consistent with the numerical variation trend measured by the experiment, and the coupling effect of stress wave and micro-drilling resistance was high. This set of theoretical formulas can provide a reference for the research on nondestructive testing and performance evaluation of ancient building timber.


After the collapse of Carillion Plc, the big four audit firms received criticisms. This report focuses on the audit expectation gap and the audit market to explain this phenomenon and solve it. The audit expectation gap indicates the gap between what the audit report users expect the auditors to do and what they have done. The audit market contains the competition in the audit industry, and the breaking up of the big four can increase the competition in the audit market. Thus, the public's trust in audit firms can be increased.


This paper describes a demonstration of synthetic aperture ladar imaging at 1.5 micron wavelength from an airborne platform at a distance of 1.6 km showing a 30× cross range resolution improvement over the spot size.


A full analysis of random double blood samples taken in 2002 (n = 434) revealed only three cases with a blood alcohol concentration exceeding 0. 1 (per mille). From an expert point of view all double blood samples were not actually required for assessing post-offence drinking claims. One regular blood sample is sufficient to perform a congener analysis.


This publication is a presentation, made by the author at CityTech College of New York in October 2014. The Presentation reveals some specific features of the Field Gyroscope (FG) -the phenomenon of a localized spinning electromagnetic field. As any spinning object, this field produces another profound phenomenon of Physics- Torsion Fields. The Presentation considers analytic relations between parameters of FG. In particular, it shows origination a torque of FG. FG phenomenon can be both dangerous and useful for the Mankind, depending on its manifestations. In particular, it can negatively affect blood vessels and manifests itself in Geo-Pathogenic zones and, on the other hand, can be used for a new type of telecommunication.


Composition of the magma-mixed complex in Gangbian of Hengfeng, northeast Jiangxi Province is very complicated. It includes near-acid, basic and mixing magmatic end-members, with clear characteristics of magmatic mixing. The single zircon U-Pb age of the pinkish-color hornblende quartz syenites from the near-acid magmatic end-member is 445±4Ma, indicating that these rocks are Caledonian. The syenites yields an age of 2 958±62Ma based on the U-Pb zircon concordia upper intercept. This old age suggests the existence of Meso-Archean inherited zircons in the magma-mixed complex, and is the oldest U-Pb age for inherited zircons in Jiangxi Province.


Estimation of sediment yield in large river basins has great importance for the analysis and monitoring of water availability and, consequently, for water resources management. However, there are several difficulties related to such estimation. Thus, the scope of this study was to propose a methodology to estimate sediment yield in large river basins with a large number of dams. The study basin is located within the Upper Jaguaribe basin and presents an area, obtained by SRTM data, of 20,670 kmÂ. The sediment yield estimation was based on a suspended sediment rating-curve, obtained by measurements of liquid and solid discharges at the basin outlet. The bedload was estimated using the model of Einstein and Brown. Also, the estimation of sediment retention in reservoirs located upstream the basin outlet was carried out. They were classified as small dams ( 50 hmÂ). Note that sediment yield was obtained for a 25-years period (1984-2008). The results obtained for total sediment yield within the basin was about 450 t.km-Â.year-1. From this total, about 130 t.km-Â.year-1 reach the basin outlet, of which 79% correspond to suspended sediment and 21% is bedload. On the other hand, approximately 320 t.km-Â.year-1 are retained in the surface reservoirs: 91% are trapped in small reservoirs and 9% are trapped in the large dams of the basin. It can be concluded that the results obtained in this study for the total sediment yield in a large river basin is in agreement to that obtained by other authors in South America. It should also be pointed out that the small dams play an important role in the region, not only in relation to the accumulation of water, but also to the retention of sediment generated in the basin. Such retention prevents that the sediment reaches the strategic dams (OrAs, for instance), reducing their sedimentation rates and thus, minimizing the impact of sedimentation on overall water availability in the basin.%%%%A estimativa da produAAo de sedimentos em grandes bacias hidrogrAficas possui vasta importAncia para a anAlise e o monitoramento da disponibilidade hAdrica e, por consequAncia, para a gestAo dos recursos hAdricos. Todavia, vArios sAo os Abices relacionados a tal estimativa. Desta forma, o escopo geral deste estudo foi propor uma metodologia para estimar a produAAo de sedimentos em grandes bacias hidrogrAficas com nAmero elevado de aAudes. A bacia estudada encontra-se inserida na bacia do Alto Jaguaribe e apresentou uma Area, obtida atravAs do SRTM, de 20.670 kmÂ. A estimativa da produAAo de sedimento foi realizada com base na curva-chave de sedimento em suspensAo, obtida atravAs de mediAAes de descargas lAquidas e sAlidas no exutArio da bacia. A carga de sedimento de leito foi estimada aplicando-se o modelo Einstein e Brown. Procedeu-se, ainda, a estimativa do total de sedimento retido em reservatArios a montante do exutArio da bacia monitorada. Estes foram classificados em pequenos aAudes (<50…


Graphic methods can be used when teaching Building Structures to solve some problems such as analysis of cables and arches through funiculars tracing; analysis of trusses with the Cremona method; graphically obtaining the lateral earth pressure of the ground on a wall and many other problems. This article presents some tools to solve these problems using GeoGebra, a free interactive mathematical software for education created by Markus Hohenwarter. The usefulness of Geogebra in teaching Building Structures will be presented through specifically created resources. These are new resources with approaches and utilities that commercial software does not have either. For each problem studied, the theory on which it is based is shown, the general description of the parameters used in Geogebra, and the application that has been created. In addition, the learning objectives to be achieved and the results docents will be shown


Adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are the most frequently diagnosed histological subtype of bronchogenic carcinomas. Though metastatic lesions in lung are common in both the varieties, cavity formation has been documented only with squamous cell type. Here we are going to report a case of pulmonary adenocarcinoma with multiple nodular metastases in both lungs which show central necrosis mimicking cavities. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v13i1.13037 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 13 No. 01 January2014: 70-72


Sexual dysfunctions are prevalent in breast cancer survivors (77%). In cancer patients, anxiety is related to worse sexual functioning, especially in women undergoing chemotherapy. The relationship between phobic anxiety and sexual dysfunction has been studied in general population with controversial results, but there are no previous data in breast cancer survivors about the possible relations between specific anxiety traits and sexuality. A more detailed evaluation of anxiety in this population may help to prevent the appearance of sexual impairments in survivors and to implement adjusted interventions. The objectives of this research were to evaluate different dimensions of anxiety, in the context of sexual dysfunction in a group of breast cancer survivors compared to a control group, and an attempt to find correlations between them.


Most use-of-force policies utilized by U.S. police agencies make fundamental ordinal assumptions about officers' force responses to subject resistance. These policies consist of varying levels of force and resistance along an ordinally ranked continuum of severity. We empirically tested the ordinal assumptions that are ubiquitous to police use-of-force continua within the United States using 1 year's use-of-force data from a municipal police department. Applying a quantitative technique known as categorical regression with optimal scaling, we found the assumptions of ordinality within the studied department's use-of-force continuum (which is similar to many police use-of-force continua within the United States) are not met. Specifying physical force as a "lower" force option than less-lethal tools is associated with increased officer injury and decreased subject injury. Our findings call into question use-of-force continua featuring ordinal rankings for varying categories of less-lethal force.


Network-on-chip (NoC) is a key component for boosting the system performance of future chip multiprocessors. With the projected increase in the number of cores on the chip, the NoC is perceived to be the limiting component for performance and scaling. Photonic NoCs are under serious consideration for scaling future multicore architectures. In this paper, we propose two photonic NoC architectures based on an optical multilevel signaling technique that can double the transmission bandwidth and reduce the area requirements. Simulation studies show that the proposed methodology saves up to 53% of power and reduces the area overhead by as much as 81% compared with metallic-based NoCs.


Abstract : How do we give Russia a voice but not a veto in crafting a new European security system? This question has preoccupied analysts in Brussels, Moscow, and Washington ever since Russian President Dmitry Medvedev proclaimed that the existing one was deeply flawed. Vladimir Putin's prot g observed last summer that the American "unipolar moment" upon which it rested was over. The United States could no longer dominate the international agenda nor could NATO do the same thing in Europe. The purpose of this monograph is to provide insight into the problems and prospects of the United States and Europe creating a new security relationship with Russia-one that can enhance the national security of all three of them. It will be comprised of three parts. First, it will address several compelling questions: What is the Russian case for a new security system? What are the arguments in opposition to it? And why, in spite of profound reservations about cooperation with Moscow, are Western statesmen prepared to consider it? In this connection, the factors that prevented a nuclear war between the Soviet Union and the West will provide a framework for our analysis: in sum, the triangular relationship between deterrence, arms control, and conflict management. Second, points of conflict between the Western alliance on the one hand and Russia on the other will be assessed: for example, friction associated with NATO, its eastward enlargement in particular; a U.S. missile defense system in Eastern Europe; the future of the Conventional Forces in Europe Treaty (CFE) and the Organization of Security Cooperation in Europe (OSCE); and of most urgent significance the need to reconfigure the strategic nuclear balance between Washington and Moscow by providing a new START.


Objective To research the feasibility and clinical values of 125I seeds implantation in liver cancer patients by ultrasound(US) guided percutaneous free-hand multilayer fan-shaped implantation.Methods Thirty-two cases of liver cancer were designed to treat by US-guided percutaneous free-hand multilayer fan-shaped implantation,The plan was tested by treatment plan system(TPS).The Results was verified by CT scan.The complication and effects were followed.Results All the implantition were completed successfully.The distribution and arrangement of 125I seeds were achieved.The short-term efficacy was satisfactory,no severe complication.Conclusion US-guided percutaneous free-hand multilayer fan-shaped implantation is a safe,feasible and effective method.


This paper describes a long-term laboratory test designed to examine the sensitivity of gas flow in Mx80 buffer bentonite subject to a constant volume boundary condition. A constant volume and radial flow (CVRF) apparatus was designed to enable gas flow from a centrally located injection filter to be independently monitored at three sink-filter arrays mounted around the circumference of the clay specimen. Axial and radial total stresses and internal porewater pressure were continuously monitored. Gas entry, breakthrough and peak gas pressures were found to be systematically higher under constant volume boundary conditions than under previously reported constant stress and radially-constrained test conditions [6, 9, 10]. The observation that gas pressures are sensitive to test boundary conditions supports the hypothesis that gas entry is accompanied by dilation of the bentonite fabric. Gas penetration of the clay caused a substantial increase in total stress and internal porewater pressure. Abrupt drops in gas pressure, accompanied by similar drops in total stress, were interpreted as fracture propagation events. The outflow of gas was always non-uniformly distributed between the sinks. Furthermore, the distribution of flow between sinks often changed abruptly during the course of an experiment indicating that gas pathways were very unstable. When gas injection stopped, the gas pressure and rate of outflow spontaneously declined with time. Under constant volume conditions, the gas pressure at the asymptote exceeded the internal porewater pressure by an amount equal to the capillary pressure. In constant volume tests on clay with high water saturation, capillary pressure has a value close to the measured swelling pressure of the clay.


A 42-year-old male patient presented to an outside hospital for right pleuritic chest pain. Physical examination revealed left supracervical, axillary, and bilateral inguinal lymphadenopathy and a 1-cm irregularly shaped hyperpigmented lesion over his left scapula, of which the patient had known for at least 2 years without previously seeking medical attention. Imaging additionally revealed an expansile lytic lesion of the anterior 4th rib and a 0.4 cm nodule in the right lung base. A fine needle aspiration (FNA) with subsequent core needle biopsy of the enlarged axillary lymph node was performed. The Diff-Quik and Papanicolaou stained smears were composed predominantly of large cells with low nucleocytoplasmic ratios admixed with lymphocytes, occasional smaller neoplastic cells, and naked nuclei in a foamy ("bubbly") background without necrotic debris (Figures 1AD and 2A-D). The large ovoid/polygonal neoplastic cells (60–120 mm) showed ill-defined cytoplasmic borders and were present both singly and in small syncytial sheets. Cells were both uninucleated and multinucleated with centrally or eccentrically located round to ovoid large nuclei (10–16 mm) demonstrating finely granular chromatin, central macronucleoli (3–8 mm), and occasional nuclear pseudoinclusions. No mitoses were identified. The large cells had abundant pale nonpigmented finely granular cytoplasm showing delicate condensations and wrinkled paper-like creases imparting it a honeycomb or waffle-like appearance. Occasional cells showed peripheral cytoplasmic vacuoles or blebs (4–10 mm) seen with both Romanowsky and Papanicolaou stains. Rarely, larger vacuoles (>20 mm) occupied most of the cytoplasm of the tumor cells. In addition to these large cells, smaller cells (20–25 mm) and "intermediate" cells (40–50 mm) with scant to moderate amounts of ill-defined to dense cytoplasm and large nuclei with prominent macronucleoli were also present. On core needle biopsy (H&E stained), sections showed the large pale cells with finely granular cytoplasm as seen on fine needle aspiration along with a minority of cells with similar nuclei but smaller amounts of eosinophilic cytoplasm, lipoblast-like cells with large vacuoles indenting the nucleus, and sebocyte-like cells with numerous small vacuoles occupying the entire cytoplasm (Figure 3A-D). Immunohistochemical stains performed on the cell block and core biopsy showed no reactivity for epithelial markers (cytokeratins 8/18 and AE1/AE3, EMA) and histiocytic markers (CD68) and showed positivity for melanocytic markers (S100, MITF, HMB45, MART1, Figure 4A-D), confirming the diagnosis of metastatic balloon cell melanoma (BCM). Interestingly, both HMB45 andMART1 showed a checkerboard-like alternating dark and pale staining. The MART1/Ki67 cocktail showed that the large pale "balloon" cells were largely negative for Ki67 while the smaller cells were almost uniformly positive, suggesting that the balloon cells are not mitotically active and may represent a degenerative change in melanoma cells. Molecular testing showed no BRAF mutations. Subsequently, the patient was started on dual checkpoint blockade with ipilimumab (a monoclonal antibody targeting CTLA-4) and nivolumab (a human IgG4 anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody). Malignant melanoma metastases are frequently diagnosed by FNA cytology. The diagnosis is usually relatively straightforward when the aspirates show abundant cellularity with predominance of single tumor cells with obvious cytologic features of malignancy, prominent macronucleoli, binucleation, nuclear eccentricity, and nuclear pseudoinclusions. If melanin pigment is present, the diagnosis is even clearer. However, melanin pigment is only identified in a minority of cases, and metastatic melanomas can show a bewildering variety of cytomorphologic patterns. Malignant melanoma has gained a well-deserved reputation as a "great imitator" as it can mimic many other neoplastic conditions. Melanoma cells can vary in size from small, lymphocyte-like cells to very large multinucleated giant cells, in shape from round/oval or polygonal epithelioid cells to spindle cells, and in appearance with occasional resemblance to plasma cells, lipoblasts, or rhabdomyoblasts. Amongst the rarest cytomorphologic variants of melanomas are those characterized by a predominance of clear cells, sebocyte-like cells, or balloon cells, which appear to represent a spectrum of


Abstract Four species of Timandromorpha Inoue are treated, viz., T. discolor (Warren), T. enervata Inoue, T. energes (Prout), and T. olivaria, sp. nov. Lectotypes are designated for T. discolor and T. ener vate.


The article explains the essence of regional management, identifies the role of regional economy in the modern national science. On the basis of the content analysis, the etymological research to define the categories of "human capital", "intellectual capital", "social capital" is presented. The author's interpretation of synthesized capital that combines human, intellectual and social capital is offered. The relationship between the efficient distribution of the synthesized capital and a sustainable development of the region is proved. The author's recommendations, which will provide an increase in management efficiency of the synthesized capital and all the processes, related to its formation and use at a regional level, which in turn ensures the stability of social and economic development of the region, are formulated and offered.


How to decrease the volume in DNA computers is of a great significance in the research of DNA computing.For the objective to decrease the DNA volume of the maximum clique problem which is a famous NP-complete problem,the pruning strategy is introduced into the DNA supercomputing and a new DNA algorithm is proposed.The new algorithm consists of a Degree Searcher,a Clique Generator,a Dense Parallel Searcher,a Sparse Parallel Searcher and a Maximum Clique Searcher.In a computer simulation,the DNA strands of maximum number required is O(3~(1/2)~n)on the condition of not varying the time complexity where n is the number of the vertex in a graph,while O(2n)DNA strands are needed in present molecular algorithms for the maximum clique problems.Furthermore,this algorithm is highly space-efficient and error-tolerant compared to conventional brute-force searching.


A no& organometallic dithionite complex, [$-C5H5Fe(CO)$02] 2, in which the -S(O),S(O),ligand bridges two iron atoms has been synthesized by four methods: treatment of Na[$-CSHsFe(CO),] with a large excess of SO*, insertion of SOa into [$-C5H5Fe(C0)JzSOz, reaction of [$-CsH5Fe(C0)J2Hg with SOZ and irradiation of [$-C5HsFe(CO),] 2 in the presence of SO*. Of the four preparative routes, photolysis proved to be the most general one and also afforded the analogous complexes [M(CO)5S0,]2 (M = Mn or Re) from [M(CO),], and SOZ. However, irradiation of [q'-C5H5M(CO)J2 (M = MO or W) and SO2 yielded [q5-C5HsM(0)S]2 instead. The new dithionite complexes were characterized by elemental analysis and infrared and NMR spectroscopy. Photolysis of each of [$-C5HSFe(CO)$30,] 2 and [Mn(CO)&30J2 resulted in loss of SO2 to produce [$-CsHSFe(C0)2]ZS02 plus [$-CsHsFe(C0)J2 and [Mn(CO)S],, respectively. The complex I$-CsHsFe(C0).$30 2 2 reacted with alkyl iodides ] (RI) on heating to give q5-C5H5Fe(C0)21 and $-C5H5Fe(CO),[S(0),R], and underwent alkyl&ion by (&Hs)~OPF~ to yield ~5-CsHsFe(CO),[S(0)~OC~Hs], among other products_ However, no reductive cleavage of [$-CSHSFe(C0)2SOZIZ occurred with KH.


With the advent, in 1927, of Gonin's 1 report on a procedure for the cure of detached retina, interest in this subject was stimulated anew. Numerous reports of cases in which treatment was given have appeared in the literature, and at times some inference was made as to the etiology of the condition. Because of the time element and the rarity of cases, little has been written on biopsy or autopsy material. Exactly what occurs when a detached retina is treated has not been thoroughly studied. With these thoughts in mind, I began this study two years ago at Northwestern University. This must be considered a preliminary report, as the investigation is still being carried on, and the results are not conclusive. The initial problem was to produce detachment of the retina in animals. That this was not an original idea is attested by the extensive work of Weekers.


Purpose: To compare the characteristics and outcomes of multimodal endovascular therapy (EVT) in patients with acute basilar artery occlusion (BAO) with and without underlying intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS). Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data from 50 patients w...


We have developed a mode-locked ultra-short pulse C :YAG laser, as well as a continuous wave C :YAG laser. The laser was pumped by a Nd:YAG laser and its characteristics were investigated. In continuous wave mode, we obtained as much as 600 mW at 1.436 with pumping power of 6 W, by using an output coupler with a reflectivity of 98%. The power slope efficiency was 10%, when the gain medium was cooled to 19. The tuning range was varied from 1.39 to 1.55 and the maximum power was 400 mW at 1.492 with a 3-plate birefringent filter. The C :YAG laser was mode-locked by a Kerr lens mode locking method. Mode locking at 1.436 was initiated by slightly rocking a mirror mount. But the pulses were very unstable because of the strong water absorption at this region. So we shifted the lasing wavelength to 1.492 by using a 3-plate birefringent filter. Then we obtained stable state mode-locking with the maximum average power of 280 mW for a pumping power of 6 W. The pulse width of 43 fs was measured using an autocorrelator and the repetition rate was 104.5 MHz.


Background and aims: The aims of this study were to investigate the ligand binding properties and structure of dual chain hybrid avidins (dchAvd) as well as to discuss their applicability in biotechnological applications. Another aim was to optimize the production and purification of these fusion proteins. The study focused on dchAvd structures where a cpAvd5 4 is genetically combined with a cpAvd6 5 streptavidin, AVR2 or AVR4 protein (dcASA, dcAA2, dcAA4). The sequences and biochemical properties of these proteins differ from those of avidin thus serving as a good evaluation basis for the functionality of dual chain hybrid avidins. Methods: dchAvd were produced in E. coli in bottle and in pilot–scale fermentor as well as in Bac–to–Bac insect cell production system. The proteins were purified with affinity chromatography and the purification, yields and purity were monitored by SDS–PAGE and Western Blot. The biotin binding properties of dcAA4 were studied with fluorescence spectroscopy and Biacore optical biosensor. The oligomerization state of dcAA4 was studied with HPLC and its heterogeneity was shown by immunological methods where monoclonal antibodies against avidin and AVR4 were used. Results: dcAA4 was produced significantly better than dcAA2 and dcASA in E. coli bottle production. dcAA4 was produced very well in the fermentor. All three proteins were produced to certain extent in insect cell production system but none of them could be isolated. According to HPLC measurements dcAA4 is a pseudotetramer. dcAA4 bound biotin with high affinity but with lower affinity than avidin and AVR4. Both avidin and AVR4 monoclonal antibodies recognized dcAA4. Conclusions: According to the ligand binding studies dcAA4 had two distinct biotin binding sites. The other one bound biotin with higher affinity and resembled wt avidin biotin binding site, and the other one bound biotin with weaker affinity. dcAA4 was a heterogenic, pseudotetrameric protein. The dchAvds are promising fusion proteins for a variety of biotechnological applications raging from material cross–bridging to diagnostics.


THE CIVIL litigation system in England and Wales is facing major changes as legislators try to maintain, and even improve, access to justice while reducing the financial burden on the taxpayer. In short, the government hopes to control legal aid costs by removing all money and damages cases from legal aid and relying on expanded conditional fee arrangements (CFAs) to pick them up.


It was studied the relationship between psychological control and loneliness in adolescents from 12 to 17 years from two private schools in Lima. Likewise, the Psychological Control Scale Dependency oriented and Achievement oriented (DAPCS) and the Children and Adolescence Loneliness Scale (LACA) were administered to a sample of 242 participants. It was found that the dimensions of loneliness in relation to the pairs and loneliness in relation to the parents presented highly significant correlations with the variable of psychological control. In the first dimension of loneliness the correlations were positive and, in the second, negative. On the other hand, the dimension of affinity to loneliness was related in a positive and significant way only with the psychological control in relation to the father; While the dimension of aversion to loneliness was only positively and significantly related to psychological control in relation to the mother.


The present developing situation and main questions of our country's science and technology intermediary industry are:The structure among regions is not balanced, the opening and cooperation among regions just start;The main body structure is not balanced and the function localization is fuzzy;The profession structure level is somewhat low, lacking competitive flagships;The developing soft environment of technical intermediary service industry is weak, and so on. In order to speed up constructing our open style science and technology intermediary information service system, we should do in three levels:First, construct the science and technology intermediary information service system that relates the regions in our country;Second, construct the science and technology intermediary information service system, which relates each kind of innovation main body in the boundaries and beyond the boundaries;Third, construct the science and technology intermediary information service network that relates our native enterprises and multinational corporations.


The milled and non-milled Si C/Fe-Al composite powders as cladding materials were used to produce Si C reinforced Fe-Al coatings by laser cladding on Cr12 Mo V cold-working die steel.The microstructure,phases and electrochemical corrosion resistance of coatings were investigated.The results show that,after the composite powder is milled,the primary spherical morphology is transformed into the polygonal structure.Correspondingly,the average diameter decreases from 54 μm to 38 μm.Moreover,Si C particles are completely dissolved during the laser cladding and interact with Fe-Al alloy to form Fe2 Si,Fe Al,Al0.7Fe Si0.3and M7C3 in the milled coating,whose electrochemical corrosion resistance is higher than that of substrate Cr12 Mo V and non-milled coating.


Management of tooth mobility with composite fiber splinting case report. Tooth mobility occurs due to trauma to the periodontal tissue by accident. Periodontal tissue trauma occurs in the teeth 12,11 with third degrees. The mobility of teeth is one of the periodontal diseases caused by bone damage that supports the teeth, the trauma of occlusion, and the expansion of inflammation of the gingiva into the deeper supportive tissues and the process of frequent jaw pathology occurs in patients with trauma due to occlusion with chronic periodontitis. Tooth shake is classified into three degrees. The 1st degree is a slightly larger gait than normal. The second degree is about 1 mm slump, and the degre third degree is jiggle> 1 mm in all directions and / or teeth can be pushed toward apical. One of the treatments for stabilizing tooth agitation is splinting. Splint is a stabilizing tool and immobilization of wobbly teeth due to a lesion, trauma, or periodontal disease. Splinting composite fibers are used because they are easy to apply with minimal tooth preparation with good results. In this case an evaluation was performed for 2 weeks after treatment and showed good results.


Purpose: To find out how transformational leadership affects professional commitment among judo team members. Methods: We sampled 618 judo athletes form judo school teams of 26 senior high schools and colleges in Taiwan. Results: Controlling the influence of satisfaction, transformational leadership of coach positively associated with professional commitment of athlete. Further analysis also shows significant interaction between satisfaction to team and idealized behavior, satisfaction to training and individualized consideration also interact significantly. Conclusion: When the coach influences the team with idealized behavior, the satisfaction-especially satisfaction to team-positively moderates professional commitment; Moreover, satisfaction to coach has negatively moderating effects on professional commitment while coaching with individualized consideration.


N. Hayashi is with Dept. of Computer Science, Univ. of Electro-Communications. From Digests of the Eighth Annual Conference on Magnetics in Japan 1984, page 103. The copyright for the original Japanese article is held by the Magnetic Society of Japan. The copyright for the English version of this article as it appears here is held by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. containing the point P.


This study examined the complex associations among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) risk perception, social distancing, social connectedness, and loneliness, as well as the mediating effects of social distancing and social connectedness in these associations in younger, middle-aged, and older Korean adults. We used multigroup structural equation modeling to analyze the results of a cross-sectional survey of 2,400 Korean adults aged 20 years or older. We found statistically significant age group differences in the mean values of COVID-19 risk perception, social distancing, social connectedness, and loneliness. The younger group showed significant associations among all major variables in the structural equation model, while their older counterparts demonstrated a significant association between COVID-19 risk perception and loneliness. Social distancing and social connectedness mediated the effect of COVID-19 risk perception on loneliness only for the younger group. In addition, we found significant mediating effects of social connectedness on the association between COVID-19 risk perception and loneliness in the middle-aged and older groups. Our findings imply that social distancing and social connectedness have impacted Korean adults' mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.


The space-to-ground kinetic weapon(SGKW) from space is mainly used to rapidly and exactly strike high-worth strategic targets on the ground.According to shortest time hit requirement,the optimization design method for SGKW coplanar hit orbit was investigated.Firstly the dimensionless planar motion model of SGKW was established;then the optimal control problem of shortest time coplanar hit orbit was transformed into two-point boundary value problem by means of Pontryagin maximum principle.As there exist the optimization parameters in the constraint conditions,a combined optimization algorithm based on genetic algorithm and sequential quadratic programming was used for solving some unknown parameters.The effectiveness of the above method is verified by the simulation results.


I met Mr. W when he was searching for a doctor. His physician, a patient of mine, had been disabled by a stroke. While in Austria, several months before we met, Mr. W had been diagnosed with a pulmonary embolism. He'd found a replacement for his long-time primary care physician but was unhappy with the care he had received. The family of his previous physician had referred him to me. Mr. W was a congenial man with broad shoulders and thick, white hair who spoke English with a strong German accent. He smiled easily and graciously. He expressed his gratitude for my willingness to see him. He conveyed an eagerness to please and reported several complimentary things he'd heard about me. Mr. W made a good first impressionhe was friendly and direct, someone I would enjoy having as a patient. In addition to enumerating his medical problems, Mr. W dedicated himself to gestures of courtship at his initial visits. He generously brought chocolate-covered cherries and other treats to my office staff. He was extravagant in his praise and appreciation. He even invited me to be his guest at his mountain home in Bavaria. He brightened as he spoke of the beauty of the countryside. He assured me I would always be welcome. His strenuous efforts to please made me uncomfortable. I observed myself become more reserved and cautious. I had in the past experienced unwarranted praise turn to unwarranted criticism. I politely declined his favors and invitations, expecting that a satisfactory professional balance would eventually be established. Other subjects made me even more ill at ease. Mr. W wanted me to know how happy he was to have a Jewish doctor. He catalogued the Jewish physicians and dentists he'd known through the years, including his former primary care physician. These relationships had been uniformly wonderful. He got along so well with his Jewish doctors. He was delighted to count me in their ranks. I felt uncomfortable being assessed in this way. Mr. W traveled to Bavaria for the summer and fall. On his return, I saw him for a few follow-up visits, with his chocolate gifts in hand, and then asked him to schedule a complete physical examination. I hoped I might learn more about him. Mr. W was a year older than my father. He had been born in a German town near Leipzig. I was interested in the prewar years and asked about his youth. I also asked about the war years. I presumed that he had served in the German military during World War II as my father had in the U.S. forces. He was slow to respond, perhaps considering whether to proceed, but I encouraged him to tell his story. Gathering his thoughts, Mr. W answered in a reserved, frosty tone. His face tightened. He spoke bitterly of the poverty and hardship of his childhood years immediately after World War I. Work and food were in limited supply. He joined a Nazi youth group with enthusiasm. When I pressed further, he explained without apology that Hitler had inspired him. Later, he was recruited to the SS. In fact, he served in Hitler's personal honor guard, traveling with him throughout Germany and to Berchtesgaden in the Bavarian Alps. I tried to collect my thoughts. Mr. W broke the silence. After 1938, he was reassigned as a machinist. In 1941, he was sent to the eastern front and spent three grueling winters in Russia. He had done what was necessary to survive, claiming never to have killed anyone. At the fighting's end, he was a prisoner of war, subsequently lived in East Germany, and immigrated to the United States in the late 1950s. Increasingly defensive, with an edge of defiance, he reported that his past had been thoroughly vetted during the immigration process. He had nothing to hide. As we talked, Mr. W grew angry. Forty-five years after World War II, he acknowledged some German mistakes but spoke of other nations' war crimes as well. What Germany had done was no different. He felt no remorse. He had done what anyone else in his circumstance would have. I was stunned. The history of World War II had shadowed my consciousness since early childhood. Born shortly after the war, I was named for two uncles who had not come home from Europe. Overheard conversations about Hitler gave me a child's awareness of evil. My moral education was determined in large measure by wrestling with that historya history that had compelled me to responsibility. Now I was closer by proxy to that evil, of Hitler and Nazism, than I had ever imagined. I felt driven to confront him, not with argument, but with exposure. I wanted to know why. I think it was less what I said than how I listened and looked. He reacted as if he were in retreat when suddenly he attacked. The Jews were responsible for everything that happened to them. The Jews had grown rich while native Germans suffered. The Jews had victimized Germans, exploited them. The Jews got what they deserved. Yes, many Jews died, but far fewer than the 6 million claimed. The Jewish claims of suffering in World War II libeled Germany. Look at Israel. In Israel, one could see the true nature of the Jew. I left the examination room. I had nothing more to say, and I certainly didn't want to hear any more from Mr. W. I managed to complete his examination, order lab work, and end the appointment quickly. I ruminated at length about what I should do next. Looking back, I am uneasy trying to explain why I didn't dismiss Mr. W immediately. When I told my story to colleagues, several advised me to let him go. I felt, however, that I wasn't done. I believed that there was more to be settled between us. Settling unfinished business proved confusing. Here was a man whose life and convictions were anathema to me. He remained an unreconstructed Nazi defender and anti-Semite. Problematically, he also remained my patient for whose welfare I was responsible. Mr. W returned in a few weeks to review test results and to finish the tasks left incomplete when his previous appointment had veered off track. I was withdrawn and unsettled. He appeared to be in a self-protective crouch, as if he anticipated a blow. I wish I'd known what blow to deliver. I didn't examine him, engaging as little as possible before ending the visit. Two days later, he left for his annual trip to Bavaria. Months passed before I heard from Mr. W again. He had a cough, sputum production, pleuritic chest pain, and shortness of breath. I treated him over the telephone, choosing not to evaluate the potential significance of chest pain and shortness of breath in a man with a history of pulmonary embolism. He came to my office later in the week, but I arranged for someone else to see him. I heard from him again about increased chest pain and prescribed an opioid analgesic without either seeing or speaking to him. This was not like me. I had often contemplated my responsibilities to hateful patientsthose of my acquaintance and my imagination. First, do no harm was the moral compass that had guided me in caring for the infrequent detestable patient. Now I was avoiding this patient, making decisions at a distance. It was a corruption of my customary practice. There was no indication that I had harmed Mr. W, but failure to take proper care of him haunted me. I felt I had lost my bearings. My patient's beliefs conflicted with my personal identity and responsibility. I hated how I was treating Mr. W. I felt I had compromised my integrity as a physician. Mr. W hadn't been harmed. But I had been. I was contaminated by this hatred. I arranged to see Mr. W in my office. My uncertainty about how to proceed had resolved. Primum non nocere. I told Mr. W that he needed to find another physician. I told him I thought it best for both of us. I couldn't ignore historyhis or mine. He was expecting my decision. He offered no comment or resistance but wanted to know whether his medical records would follow him. I promised that without his consent I would not transfer them. Within 30 days, Mr. W had found a new Jewish doctor. Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "The Nazi Patient," by B.L. Sussman.


TEMPORARY, ARTIFICIAL LININGS TO BE USED TO PREVENT EROSION IN DRAINAGE CHANNELS UNTIL VEGETATION CAN BE ESTABLISHED ARE ANALYZED. A VARIETY OF LINER MATERIALS WERE TESTED ON A SERIES OF TEN TEST SOILS. LINERS INCLUDED EROSIONET, JUTE MESH, FIBERGLAS MATS, EXCELSIOR MATS, STRANDED FIBERGLAS, STRAW, AND GRAVEL. LOOSE MATERIALS REQUIRED A COVER OF MESH PINNED TO THE CHANNEL. BARE SOIL CHANNELS AND CHANNELS WITH A GROWTH OF 2-1/2 INCH BERMUDA GRASS WERE ALSO STUDIED. CHANNEL CAPACITY INFORMATION IS PRESENTED IN THE FORM OF STATISTICALLY DERIVED EQUATIONS AND GRAPHS FOR EACH LINER RELATING VELOCITY, HYDRAULIC RADIUS, AND SLOPE. EROSION RESISTANCE IS EXPRESSED IN TERMS OF THE MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE DEPTH OF FLOW AS A FUNCTION OF SLOPE FOR EACH LINER. A RANGE OF VALUES IS PRESENTED BASED SUBJECTIVELY ON THE RELATIVE SOIL EROSION RESISTANCE. THE GOOD CORRELATION BETWEEN RESULTS OF THIS STUDY AND OTHER STUDIES CONCERNING SHORT BERMUDA GRASS PERMITS APPLICATION OF THE PROCEDURES OF THIS REPORT TO OTHER VEGETATIVE LININGS. COMPREHENSIVE DESIGN EXAMPLES ARE INCLUDED. /BPR/


Aim The change of injured aortic endothelium, GMP-140, and D-dimer and the plasma concentration of ET and the serum concentration of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-αat different time points were studied to evaluate the effects of PGE_1 preventing RS after balloon injury and its mechanisms. Methods Used a balloon injury to make the rat model of abdominal aorta endothelium injury. Three PGE_1 dost (8、24、72 μg·kg -1) was injected via tail vein 5 days before operation, equal volume of normal saline was injected in model and sham operation groups. The underlying experiments were performed in each group at the 6th, 24th and poth, 21st day after opcration: Collected the blood sample after operation, then the plasma was assayed of GMP-140, D-dimer and ET concentration of the plasma and IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α concentration of the serum was measured by balanced method. Results The plasma levels of GMP-140 and D-dimer in model group were significantly higher than that in sham group (P0.01). PGE_1 (8、24、72 μg·kg -1) could significantly decrease the plasma levels of GMP-140 and D-dimer (P0.01). The plasma level of ET increased at 6th hour after PTCA, reached maximum in 24th hours, then reduced normal level. PGE_1 (24、72 μg·kg -1) could significantly decrease the plasma levels of ET in 6th hour 24th hour groups (P0.01). The serum level of TNF-α quickly renched maximum in 6th hours, the scrum levels of IL-1β, IL-6 reuthed maximum in 24th hours. PGE_1 (8、24、72 μg·kg -1) could significantly decrease the maximum serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α. Conclusions The reduction of GMP-140,D-dimer and the plasma levels of ET and the serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α plays an important role in the protective mechanisms against vascular RS of PGE_1.


The purpose of this thesis is to design a scanning mirror system using piezoelectric actuators. A dual-cantilevered bimorph electromechanical coupling is presented, which maximizes the amount of angular deflection possible with an applied field. Two types of feedback methods are employed: rate sensing, which provides resonance damping, an~ position sensing for increased bandwidth and decreased hysteresis. A prototype system, including the actuator and feedback mechanisms, is developed. Its performance compares favorably with its model and is capable of plus and minus five degrees of angular deflection with a bandwidth of 300 Hertz.


This article explained the tolerance analysis method in the micro-manufacture area on the keychain cranioplasty plate product dimensions. This research aimed to compare the simulations of keychain cranioplasty plate product dimensions using the ISO 286 tolerance standard. The manufacturing process to produce the keychain cranioplasty plate used the blanking process. The dimensions analysis aimed to observe the effect of punching speed and tool punch material on the product's quality. The ISO 286 tolerance on blanking product used IT Grade of 10 for the punching process. The keychain cranioplasty plate dimensions from the blanking process simulation had an excellent quality if the sizes were close to the actual product's dimensions. The keychain cranioplasty plate product had to have a high precision level between 10–100 μm so that the medical field could use it.


This study develops a theory of the rm in which the knowledge distribution of
the manager plays a key role. First, some important determinants of the optimal
knowledge distribution are identied. Both the relative importance of the task
and the observability of the task appear to be relevant. Second, building on these
insights, the make-or-buy decision is studied. There exists a trade-o between
transaction cost when outsourcing a task and informational rent when supervising
employees. It is never optimal to outsource a task if there is a less important task
not outsourced. When transaction costs go down, more tasks get outsourced.


Context: Children and adolescents with cerebral palsy may present with lower urinary tract dysfunction which increases their risk for urinary tract infection (UTI). Whereas few studies reported low prevalence rates of UTI in these patients, several studies documented high prevalence rates. Thus, it appears there is no unanimity about the burden of UTI in affected children and adolescents to justify routine screening and treatment of the infection. This systematic review aims to determine the risk and pooled prevalence rate of UTI in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. Evidence Acquisition: Using appropriate descriptors, we searched the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Eligible papers were primary studies published in English language: reporting an association between cerebral palsy and UTI or UTI prevalence in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy and healthy comparators, with a clear definition of UTI and cerebral palsy. We assessed the quality of included studies with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and resolved inter-rater discrepancies by consensus. We independently retrieved relevant data from these studies using a preconceived data-extraction form. We analyzed the aggregate data on UTI prevalence in these pediatric patients, using the log odds ratio (OR) at 95% confidence interval as the summary estimate. Results: Of the seven included studies, only two (28.6%) were case-control studies, while five (71.4%) were cross-sectional studies. There was no uniform definition of UTI in these studies. Prevalence rates varied widely from as low as 2.2% to as high as 56.7%. The mean UTI prevalence rate estimated for six of the included studies was 31.8%. The log OR at 95% CI computed for the case-control studies was 10.9 (95% CI: 9.0, 12.9). Conclusions: The prevalence and risk of UTI in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy are significantly high. Routine screening and treatment for UTI may be justified in these pediatric patients. We however recommend more prospective case-control studies to strengthen the current evidence of the high UTI burden in these patients.