Mothbeanis a drought and heat tolerant pulse crop grown in arid and semi-arid regions of India. The extent of genetic variability, correlation, path analysis for seed yield and nine yield attributes was studied in thirty-eight genotypes during the kharif, 2019 in randomized complete block design in four replications. The differences among all the genotypes were significant for all the traits. Days to flowering recorded high genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation followed by plant height and low magnitudes were reported for protein content, pod length and the number of seeds per pod. The broad sense heritability was high for days to flowering, days to maturity, the number of pods per plant, hundred seed weight, plant height, seed yield per plant, the number of branches per plant and the number of seeds per pod. A low genetic advance as per cent mean was recorded for protein content and pod length. The trait, seed yield per plant was significantly and positively correlated with the number of pods per plant at both genotypic (0.662) and phenotypic (0.618) levels. The path analysis revealed that the number of pods per plant, days to maturity, the number of seeds per pod and plant height exhibited a high direct effect on seed yield per plant. The microsatellites were used to analyse the polymorphisms among mothbean genotypes. The polymorphic information content value of the microsatellites ranged from 0.23 to 0.57, while the heterozygosity value ranged from 0.26 to 0.64. The cluster diagram revealed a similarity index value ranged from 0.08 to 1.00 and the genotypes were clustered in two main groups. Based on the results it could be concluded that microsatellites are efficient in discriminating among the mothbean genotypes and the study showed a narrow gene base of the genotypes.


In vitro experiments indicate that components of the host present in body fluids may prevent the attachment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) to target cells. Fibronectin (Fn), a dimeric 440‐kDa extracellular matrix adhesion protein, is secreted by mesenchymal cells and assembled into insoluble matrices. Fn exerts important effects on cell growth and differentiation through a number of discrete functional domains. Several microorganisms are known to bind Fn. We show that, under physiological conditions, HIV‐1 gp120 and gp160 are capable of binding plasma and cellular Fn as well as laminin and vitronectin. Experiments were set up to analyze in detail the binding of HIV gp120 and gp160 to Fn. The gp120 and gp160 specifically recognize the C‐terminal heparin‐binding domain of Fn (Fn‐CTHBD) with a calculated KD of 2.8 × 10−7 M for gp160. Binding of gp160 to Fn‐CTHBD is a saturable and specific process that is blocked by antibodies to Fn‐CTHBD and by heparin and is inhibited to a minor extent by heparan sulfate and dextran sulfate. These observations suggest that gp120/160 specifically recognize the III15 repeat within Fn‐CTHBD. Intact Fn and Fn‐CTHBD strongly inhibit the interaction of gp120/160 with soluble CD4 and, under low serum conditions, are capable of neutralizing the infectivity of HIV‐1 for CD4‐positive T cells. Thus, Fn that is present in plasma and mucinous secretions may well affect HIV infectivity and virus distribution in vivo. J. Med. Virol. 54:44–53, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


The main goal of ACL reconstruction is to reproduce native knee kinematics in order to allow the patient to return to high-level activities. Orthopaedic surgeons achieve this objective in the overwhelming majority of cases, but complications can ensue. A rare technical complication is highlighted in the July 24 edition of Case Connector .

A twenty-one-year-old male college football player presented with gross instability of the knee after moving laterally during practice. The ACL in the affected knee had already been treated twice surgically. Three years before presentation, the patient had undergone a transtibial reconstruction with use of a hamstring autograft. Following a reinjury six months after that, he underwent a revision that involved inside-out femoral tunnel drilling and a posterior tibialis allograft. The graft was fixed on the femoral side with an Arthrex RetroButton, while tibial side fixation employed an interference screw with a screw-washer reinforcement.

During intraoperative stability testing, the RetroButton popped loose, presumably because the lateral cortex had been breached. The graft was taken down and was refastened with a 17-mm polyethylene button on the femoral side and with a reinforced interference screw on …


The factors affecting spark ultraviolet (UV) emission and transmission, photoionization, and photoelectron loss mechanisms in CO2 TEA laser gas mixtures have been investigated and compared with the results of other workers. We found two different sources of UV radiation: N2 and an unidentified emitter, postulated to be associated with ionized electrode material; C (from CO and CO2) appeared to have little effect. UV emission was directly proportional to the amount of stored electrical energy in the spark‐discharge circuit and to the cube of the peak current produced by the discharge of this energy. The uniformity of preionization produced by two kinds of spark‐free space and notched surface guided was examined and the free‐space spark was found to be superior. Photoionization was found to be due to the presence of low ionization potential (IP) alkenes in unseeded and fresh gas mixtures and also to NO and NO2 in sealed devices—these were formed as a result of spark plasma reactions. The nature of the photo...


This thesis deals with the organization of emergency survival and consists of theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is focused on individual measures to protect emergency survival and defining the legislative framework relating to the issue. The practical part is characteristic of the municipality to identify certain risks threatening the population, the design of a system of measures for surviving population in the event of natural and anthropogenic disasters in the municipality.


Granular cell tumour is a relatively uncommon benign tumour. It is commoner in women and usually occurs in the fourth to sixth decades of life. It occurs mainly in tongue, breast and subcutis but is occasionally found in muscle and skin, and more rarely in internal organs such as the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. In routine diagnostic practice, the vast majority of granular cell tumours are diagnosed on excision biopsy rather than on aspiration cytology. We present a case of this tumour, which we were able to diagnose on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).


This is an exciting time in the treatment of PTCL, but with this opportunity comes responsibility. The challenge of how to optimize a plethora of promising new therapies for a small number of patients will drive therapeutic decision making for the foreseeable future.


Tadmīn style, which we can briefly describe as "one word taking the place of two words" in its general meaning, has been handled by rhetoric scholars within disciplines of 'Ilm al-Bayān and Ilm al-Badi since a word contains more than one meaning. While compensation in the discipline of bayān means giving a different meaning to a word, compensation in the discipline of badi means that a poet takes the whole or a part of the couplet of another poet's poem. The tadmīn style is important in that it conveys refinement in wording, protects the speaker from making mistakes while expressing his meaning, briefly explains what he wants to convey to the interlocutor outside of the usual, and that what is told contains broad meanings. In the works on Arabic language, rhetoric and tafsir, the style of tadmīn is not included in an independent way, and different subjects are partially or scattered. The reason is that the art of tadmīn is included in the disciplines of syntax, bayān and badi. In our country, studies on the compensation of syntax are generally included, but no independent studies have been carried out on the compensation of rhetoric. In this research, necessary efforts have been made to fill the gap in the field by including the compensation style of the discipline of bayān and badi.


The Tomtor Massif, which is exposed over an area of more than 250 km 2 , belongs to the class of giant carbonatite-nepheline syenite massifs within the alkaline ultramafic association. The spatial restriction of the Tomtor Massif to a junction zone between mantle convective cells led us to suggest the existence of a giant long-lived mantle plume. Such plume could bring mantle matter rich in different trace elements related to different metasomatic processes at different depths. The uniqueness of the Tomtor Sc-REE-Y-Nb deposit, which jointly contains both Nb and REE ore mineralisations, can be explained by the genetic relation of the complex to a K-Ca parent mantle magma.


[Objective] Observation Wulingsan Danggui Buxue Method treatment of fractures after limb swelling effect.[ Methods] Using randomized controlled method,80 outpatients were randomly divided into two groups of methods.Are partial braking,raise the affected area.Control group,40 cases of 20% mannitol 250mL,1 times / d,intravenous infusion.Treatment group 40 cases Wulingsan Dangguibuxuetang(Zhuling,Fuling,Zexie each 12g,Baishu15g,Guizhi 12g,Huangqi 60g,Danggui,Zelan,Fangyi each 12g).Swelling stasis scar,pulse astringent,dark red tongue plus Taoren,Honghua,Danpi each 15g;limb swelling to reuse Baishu 20g,plus Jugeng,Sangbaipi 15g;leg swelling plus Houbu 9g,Niuxi 15g;gas there are less satisfied stagnation loose stools,pale complexion,pale tongue white veins big fat tires plus Muxiang 15g;limbs cold,cold,weak pulse Nougui 12g,Fuzi 3g.1 does/ day,Decoction,two minutes sooner or warm clothes.Continuous treatment 7 day as a course of treatment.Observation of clinical symptoms and adverse reactions.Continuous treatment of a course of treatment,to determine efficacy.[ Results] Treatment group,18 cases markedly effective in 20 cases,2 cases,the total efficiency of 95.00%;control group,14 cases markedly effective in 18 cases,8 cases,the total efficiency of 80.00%,the treatment group than the control group(P 0.05).[ Conclusion] Wulingsan Danggui Buxue Method swelling after fracture treatment effect is remarkable,worthy of promotion.


Persistent genital infection with high‐risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) is a prerequisite for cervical cancer development. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with type‐specific persistence of HR HPV infections. From a population‐based cohort of 40,399 women participating in cervical cancer screening established during 2002–2005, we selected all HR HPV‐positive women (N = 7,778). During follow‐up (2005–2008), we collected cervical samples from these women and tested them for HPV DNA to determine type‐specific HR HPV persistence in the interval 1–4.5 years after enrolment. Data on hospitalisations, prescriptions and socioeconomic factors were obtained from nationwide registers. Women with abnormal cytology at baseline or who had undergone conisation during follow‐up were excluded. Factors associated with persistence were identified by logistic regression analysis. The overall rate of HR HPV persistence was 31.4%. The risk for persistence was significantly increased among women with a previous episode of genital warts (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.04–1.74), current use of oral contraceptives (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.13–1.63) or use of systemic glucocorticoids (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.16–3.56). The number of pregnancies or births or use of a hormonal intrauterine device, hormonal therapy or nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs was not associated with risk for HR HPV persistence. A history of genital warts and current use of oral contraceptives or systemic glucocorticoids increased the risk, potentially indicating a decreased immune response to HPV infection. These findings suggest that host immune response characteristics are important in HR HPV persistence and consequently in cervical cancer development.


Seasonal variations of various physicochemical components (temperature, salinity, pH, DO, COD, DOC, nutrients-silicate, DIN, DIP) and potential limiting factor for phytoplankton primary production were studied in the surface water of semi-enclosed Masan Bay. Seasonal variations of nutrient concentrations, with lower values in summer and winter, and higher in fall, are probably controlled by freshwater loadings to the bay, benthic flux and magnitude of occurrence of phytoplankton communities. Their spatial distributional patterns are primarily dependent on physical mixing process between freshwater and coastal seawater, which result in a decreasing spatial gradient from inner to outer part of the bay. In the fall season of strong wave action, the major part of nutrient inputs (silicate, ammonium, dissolved inorganic phosphorus) comes from regeneration (benthic flux) at sediment-water interface. During the summer period, high Si:DIN and Si:DIP and low DIN:DIP relative to Redfield ratios suggest a N- and secondarily Pdeficiency. During other seasons, however, silicate is the potential limiting factor for primary production, although the Si-deficiency is less pronounced in the outer region of the bay. Indeed, phytoplankton communities in Masan Bay are largely affected by the seasonal variability of limiting nutrients. On the other hand, the severe depletion of DIN (relatively higher silicate level) during summer with high freshwater discharge probably can be explained by N-uptake of temporary nanoflagellate blooms, which responds rapidly to pulsed nutrient loading events. In Masan Bay, this rapid nutrient consumption is considerably important as it can modify the phytoplankton community structures.


We aim to report a case with bilateral obstetric brachial plexus paralysis rarely seen after cesarean section. A 28-month-old girl was admitted to our outpatient clinic with weakness in both upper extremities. Shoulders were adduc ted and internally rotated, elbows were extended with flexion fingers. The 37-year-old mother, fetal breech presentation, premature birth and probably traction forces applied at birth were considered among the risk factors. With this case, it is emphasized that obstetric brachial plexus paralysis occurs rarely bilateral and after cesarean section.


Positive administrative control uses social exchange theory to explain how management impacts institutional rates of inmate disorder. This study proffers that prison managers can use their relationship with staff to influence them to act in accordance with agency desires, which in turn affects institutional disorder rates. Using data from the Federal Bureau of Prisons, the model demonstrates an indirect connection exists between management/staff relationships and disorder. However, two of the scales used to explain positive administrative controls' sway—the leader-member exchange (LMX) and perceived organizational support (POS)-had opposing effects. Increases in the quality of the leader-member exchange (LMX) was associated with decreases in misconduct rates, while increases in perceived organizational support (POS) was associated with increases in misconduct rates.


Abstract 4457 Introduction Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease resulting from elevated reticuloendothelial destruction and decreased megakaryocytic production of platelets. The epidemiology of the disease remains inadequately described as frequencies of relapse, bleeding events, and co-morbid conditions among adult patients with primary ITP have been seldom investigated and limited long-term data are available. Objectives To document disease progression via longitudinal platelet counts and bleeding events, to evaluate treatment patterns and effectiveness, and to measure the pre- and post-diagnosis prevalence and incidence of co-morbid conditions (N=25) in a disease cohort representative of the general population of patients with primary ITP in the United Kingdom. For this report, we detail baseline demographics, prevalence of wet bleeding at presentation, and initial treatment modality utilized and subsequent response for patients whose hospital medical records have been extracted. Methodology We established a Registry of adult patients (≥ 16 years) diagnosed with primary ITP (N=790) as defined by 2003 British Committee for Standards in Haematology (BCSH) guidelines. Participants include patients having visited the hematology clinic at The Royal London Hospital (RLH) between 1998 and 2005, having been submitted for enrolment by collaborating hematologists throughout the United Kingdom between 2002 and 2005, and having joined the Registry following its re-launch in May 2008. In addition to undergoing a retrospective evaluation upon enrolment via hospital medical record extraction, participants are encouraged to volunteer whole blood (15 ML, ∼EDTA) or saliva (Qiagen® kit) for DNA extraction and will be prospectively assessed at annual intervals until study closure in 2017. Time intervals for periods comprising presentation and therapeutic response windows were left to the discretion of the collaborating investigator. For RLH-extracted records, the International Working Group-endorsed definition of complete response (CR) and times to peak response were adopted (Rodeghiero et al., Blood 2008).[1][2] A watch and wait strategy was defined as an absence of ITP-specific therapy during the one month period following diagnosis. Results In total, 308 (39.0%) Registry participants across 32 centers were evaluated. A 2.1:1 female to male ratio was observed. Median age and platelet count at presentation were 47.0 years (range: 16.0-94.0 years) and 19×109/L (range: 0-144×109/L) respectively. While platelet counts at presentation were similar between women (median: 20×109/L [range: 0-144×109/L]) and men (median: 14×109/L [range: 0-136×109/L]), presenting females were on average younger (43.6 ± 17.9 v. 51.5 ± 18.5 years; p Among first-line treatment modalities, prednisolone (N=172 [55.7%]) and watch and wait (N=92 [31.7%]) ranked first and second respectively. Combination therapy was utilized (N=24 [7.8%]), with dual prednisolone/IVIg administration featuring foremost (N=15 [4.8%]). Notably, 40 of 154 evaluable (26.0% [95% CI: 19.4% - 32.9%]) patients initially treated with prednisolone alone failed to achieve a CR (defined as a count > 100×109/L). Conclusion In this large and comprehensive Registry of adult patients with primary ITP, women outnumbered men and presented at a younger age. Over half of patients were treated with prednisolone as an initial therapy, though one-quarter failed to achieve a CR. Of note, approximately one-third of patients were prescribed a watch and wait strategy. For future updates, the Registry will help characterize disease progression and profile effects of novel therapies, such as thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor agonists, as more patients and follow-up time are accrued. [1] Owing to reported platelet count frequency, recommended one week intervals to gauge responses to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and anti-D were extended to two weeks. [2] Patients with presenting counts > 100×109/L were excluded from CR analyses. Disclosures: Sarpatwari: GSK: Consultancy, Research Funding; Baxter: Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees; Amgen: Research Funding. Bennett: GSK: Employment, Equity Ownership. Newland: GSK: Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Baxter: Honoraria, Research Funding; Amgen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding. Provan: GSK: Equity Ownership, Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; Baxter: Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau; Amgen: Honoraria, Membership on an entity9s Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding, Speakers Bureau.


We reviwed results of palliative drainage obstruction of ureters in 118 patients with several oncological diseases. In 48 patients drainage of upper urinary tract was performed by percutaneous nephrostomy, in 70 from them internal approach drainage renal stent. Received findings demonstrated good results medical and social rehabilitation of patients with tumor ureters obstruction with inner drainage of upper urinary tract.


A computational investigation is conducted on free convection from a thin plate having a surface heat source. The thermal configuration simulates the recently-proposed transparent film heater made of a single-walled carbon nanotube film on a glass substrate. The Navier-Stokes computations are carried out to study laminar free convection from the heater. Parallel numerical experiments are performed by using a simplified design analysis model which solve the conduction equation with the boundary conditions utilizing several existing correlations for convective heat transfer coefficient. Comparison leads to the most suitable boundary condition for the thermal model to evaluate the performance evaluation of a transparent thin-film heater.


Molluscs are the soft bodied invertebrates, which are protected by calcium carbonate shells. The shells are coated mostly with calcium carbonate and protein matrix in a process called bio-mineralization. Apart from playing a major role in the aquatic ecosystem, they are considered to be best bio-indicators of environmental pollution, as their soft tissues, and their shells are known to accumulate the pollutants. The divers patterns and different shell morphologies of the clams, snails and oysters, seem to be influenced by the solar radiation, predator stress and various environmental factors, which seem to regulate the gene expression patterns of the shell formation. In the present study, different molluscan shells were collected and studied for their diverse patterns. They were collected from Ennore, creek of Tamil Nadu, India as it is known to be a lagoon type of ecosystem and plays an important role in maintenance of the aquatic ecosystem surrounding it. The present study showed a diverse shell patterns mostly with reference to clam shells. A few, oyster shells, cerithiid shells and potaminind shells were also observed. A detailed analysis of the shell patterns under the influence of various external environmental cues may be investigated in future.


Cross sections for single and double ionization of K + and Na + by electron impact have been measured as a function of electron energy from their respective threshold to approximately 1500 eV with the use of the electron-ion crossed-beam technique. The results for single ionization of Na + and K + are in good agreement with the previous crossed-beam data within the experimental uncertainties. Contributions from an autoionization and an L-shell direct ionization followed by autoionization (Auger effect) have been found in the results of single and double ionization cross sections for K + .


Atmospheric fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) produces spent bed fly ash and bottom ash consisting primarily of lime (CaO), anhydrite (CaSO4), calcined clay materials and quartz. These materials have a much larger surface areas than conventional pulverized coal combustion (PCCA) fly ash. But, problems with swelling and strength loss have limited their usefulness. The potential of the CFBC fly ash as a pozzolanic additive to portland cement was investigated. The pre-hydrated CFBC fly ash was tested "as received" and as beneficiated by hydraulic classification or screening to remove the >200 mesh materials. The CFBC was also blended with PCCA fly ash. The mortar bar tests indicated that the CFBC fly ash was dimensionally stable and beneficiating the ash further reduced expansion. The CFBC materials did not lower water demand. The CFBC fly ash initially retarded strength development but by 7 days this was not a major factor. The CFBC materials performed well in concrete.


Objective: To investigate the efficacy of polypeptide-loaded dendritic cells(DCs) in combination with cytokine-induced killer cells(CIKs) against hormone refractory metastatic prostate cancer(HRPC) patients.Methods: Twenty-six HLA-A2+ patients with HRPC were enrolled from the Department of Chinese Traditional and Western Medicine of the Wuxi No.4 People's Hospital.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) were separated,and the adherent cells were induced into DCs by GM-CSF and IL-4.Then DCs were loaded with three peptides(prostate specific antigen,PSA;prostatic acid phosphatase,PAP;prostate specific membrane antigen,PSMA) to prepare DC vaccine and were injected intracutaneously.The un-adherent cells of PBMCs were induced into CIK by IFN-γ,IL-2,CD3 monoclonal antibody and IL-1,and were injected intravenously.Delayed type hypersensitivity(DTH) was detected one week after treatment,and cytokine and PSA in serum were determined before and after treatment.The short-term efficacy was evaluated 4 weeks after treatment.Results: DC-CIK therapy was well tolerated in 26 HRPC patients.The serum IL-2,IL-12,and IFN-γ levels after therapy were significantly increased(increased 65.07%,67.69% and 125.38%,P0.05 or P0.01),while TNF-α and IL-10 levels were unchanged.The positive rate of DTH was 43.5%(10/23).The proportion of CD8+IFNγ+ cells after therapy was significantly increased([8.95±2.74]% vs [0.39±0.15]%,P0.01).A decrease of PSA(13% to 66%) was observed in 8 of 26 patients.The short-term efficacy of 26 HRPC patients was evaluated,with 3 PR,4 PD,and 19 SD after treatment,and no severe adverse reaction was observed.Conclusion: The polypeptide-loaded DC in combination with CIK therapy can elicit specific immune responses in HRPC patients,and induce type I cytokine secretion with well short-term clinical efficacy,indicating that DC-CIK therapy is a safe treatment for HRPC.


To improve workflow products, handling of the validity of information, temporal workflow is presented as a new concept by introducing time into workflow concept model as a dimension, which leads to time attributes being assigned to all workflow basic concepts and relationships between them. Based on the research on the expression and calculation of temporal information and the process meta-model of temporal workflow, through mapping the concepts in the meta-model into the elements of Petri Net, a temporal workflow process model, TPWF-net, is presented, which can describe the process, resource, case and their time attributes in one model synthetically. Then, some theorems are proved, which include structural equipollence between TPWF-net and WF-net, and the soundness of free-choice synchronal TPWF-net. It is also proved that well-structured TPWF-net can be decided in polynomial time. Finally, a structured modeling method of TPWF-net and a structure-simplified method of model verification are presented. Temporal workflow makes it more comprehensive to describe and analyze the time-related problems in workflow area. A temporal workflow engine prototype based on TPWF-net has been implemented and applied in some projects supported by local government.


Georgia's location at the crossroads of East and West determined the character of its culture, expressed in architecture and the visual arts, among other spheres. Along with centuries-old original and uninterrupted local traditions, Georgia maintained a close relationship with the surrounding world and cultural circles throughout the Middle Ages. Particularly significant were aspirations of closeness to Byzantium and an active involvement in the Christian Orthodox commonwealth, based on common interests and confessional unity. All this is evident in the architecture and various artistic expressions of medieval Georgia, which are marked by a combination of original forms inspired by the Byzantine themes and elements.


The invention discloses a spring fixing structure. A fixing part and a spring hole are fixed in the spring fixing structure in a matched mode, and a withstanding part is pressed against the tail of the spring, so that limitation and fixation of the spring in a cylinder spring hole do not depend on a shell of a motor; specifically, the spring fixing structure can be in two forms, namely a nut cover structure and a barb type fixing structure. The invention also discloses a rotary compressor using the spring fixing structure. After the motor is increased, a conventional pump can be directly used, the spring is fixed, and a phenomenon that the spring is ineffective due to spring close-fitting separation is avoided even if shell wall protection is absent. Meanwhile, the spring fixing structure can be applied to a conventional compressor structure, the pump size is reduced, the cost of the pump material is reduced, and the length of a spring which does not participate in compression is reduced.


Soft Computing becomes visible in the field of computer science. The soft computing (SC) comprises of several basic methods such as Fuzzy logic (FL), Evolutionary Computation (EC) and Machine Learning (ML). Soft computing has many real-world applications in domestic, commercial and industrial situations. Edge detection in image processing is the most important applications where soft computing becomes popular. Edge detection decreases the measure of information and filters out undesirable information and gives the desirable information in an image. In image processing edge detection is a fundamental step. For this, high level Computational Intelligence based edge detections methods are required for different images. Computational Intelligence deals with ambiguous and low cost solution. The mind of the human is the key factor of the soft computing. In this paper, we included Binary particle Swarm Optimization (BPSO), Distinct Particle Swarm Optimization (DPSO), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Ant Colony optimization (ACO) techniques. The ground truth images are taken as reference edge images and all the edge images acquired by different computational intelligent techniques for edge detection systems are contrasted with reference edge image with ascertain the Precision, Recall and F-Score. The techniques are tested on 100 test images from the BSD500 datasets. Experimental results show that the BPSO provides promising results in comparison with the other techniques such as DPSO, GA and ACO.


An optical phase shifter based on phase-change materials (PCMs) is a promising building block of quantum photonic integrated circuits (QPICs) operating at mid-infrared (MIR) wavelengths on a Si photonics platform. In this article, we propose a record low-loss non-volatile PCM phase shifter operating at MIR wavelengths based on Ge2Sb2Te3S2 (GSTS), which is a new Se-free widegap PCM. On the basis of the refractive index and extinction coefficient spectra measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry, we show that GSTS has excellent material properties for optical phase shifters. By using GSTS in the MIR range, the optical absorption of a PCM phase shifter can be considerably reduced. We achieved an optical loss of 0.29 dB for a $\pi $ phase shift, which is the lowest loss ever reported for a PCM phase shifter integrated with a Si waveguide. We also demonstrate the non-volatile resonance wavelength tuning of a microring resonator (MRR) with a GSTS phase shifter and the optically induced phase transition of a GSTS phase shifter based on laser irradiation.


Based on ERA40,NCEP/NCAR and JRA25 reanalysis data,the observed upper-level data over Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and the First Meterorological Science Experiment data of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau in 1979,the characteristics of geopotential height were compared.Although there were some similarities,some differences among several reanalysis data are found.Comparatively,there was a significant positive correlation for reanalysis data with upper-level observation data,the maximum correlation value and minimum standard deviation of errors were found between JRA25 reanalysis data and upper-level observation data.The error of ERA40 reanalysis data was the smallest among several reanalysis data.There was a significant spatial similarity that increased with pressure and its maximum value was on 400 hPa and the difference was found in the same pressure between reanalysis data and the first experiment data.


This study is about micro credit and its contributi on to the improvement and poverty reduction for mil lions of the poorest people of Bangladesh. Micro credit h as a huge impact on the lives of millions of poor p eople particularly to women. Numerous scholars and NGOs have been working with micro credit to reach poor people, who are still not benefited by the conventi onal financial system. In this study, it has been t ried to present evidence of the important contributions mad e by micro credit in the eradication of poverty by increasing the income generating activities, empowe rment of poor people to access development services such as health and education, and reduction in vuln erability. Micro credit is now being considered as one of the most important and an effective mechanism for p overty reduction. Present study describes about mic ro credit activities and helps to investigate the impa ct of micro credit on the poor people of the societ y with the main focus on target people of the study area. Researcher mainly concise this study through client 's (the poor people, who borrowed loan from micro credit institutions) perspective and build up this research based on questionnaire survey and field observation. Ther efore, the objective of this study is to show how m icro credit works to improve the quality of poor targete d groups and reducing poverty and how it affects th e living standard (income, saving & health etc.) of t he poor people in study area. Several micro credit institutions are working in the study area. Grameen Bank, BRAC, ASA and PROSHIKA are some of the prominent of them. These institutions are working t remendously to the empowerment, poverty reduction and improvement of living standards for the poor pe ople in the study area.


Smart things, such as smart watches, are popular. Designing them requires technical skills and critical reflections in design, e.g., concerning safety risks due to their physical nature or data they exchange. Engaging end-users in design and reflections is thus complicated and yet beneficial, e.g., to make them aware of such risks. Play can help engage different end users, and especially teens. This paper reports on the latest evolution of the IoTgo playful toolkit for engaging different end users, and especially teens, in design and critical reflections. It presents a case-study across a pandemic with IoTgo used by teens and adults.


Background The increasing use of activity trackers in mobile health studies to passively collect physical data has shown promise in lessening participation burden to provide actively contributed patient-reported outcome (PRO) information. Objective The aim of this study was to develop machine learning models to classify and predict PRO scores using Fitbit data from a cohort of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Methods Two different models were built to classify PRO scores: a random forest classifier model that treated each week of observations independently when making weekly predictions of PRO scores, and a hidden Markov model that additionally took correlations between successive weeks into account. Analyses compared model evaluation metrics for (1) a binary task of distinguishing a normal PRO score from a severe PRO score and (2) a multiclass task of classifying a PRO score state for a given week. Results For both the binary and multiclass tasks, the hidden Markov model significantly (P<.05) outperformed the random forest model for all PRO scores, and the highest area under the curve, Pearson correlation coefficient, and Cohen κ coefficient were 0.750, 0.479, and 0.471, respectively. Conclusions While further validation of our results and evaluation in a real-world setting remains, this study demonstrates the ability of physical activity tracker data to classify health status over time in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and enables the possibility of scheduling preventive clinical interventions as needed. If patient outcomes can be monitored in real time, there is potential to improve clinical care for patients with other chronic conditions.


The current increase in the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generation is a great challenge in both the developed and developing countries. The difference is that developing countries struggle in keeping up pace with rate at which MSW is being generated vis-à-vis the population growth. This has resulted into a big challenge of MSW collection, transportation and disposal. Lesotho is one of the developing countries with poor waste management. However, the challenge of Lesotho is not only waste management but inadequacy of electricity generation. The total electricity demand of Lesotho is about 153MW, of which only 76MW is locally generated from the local hydropower Plants. The balance of the demand is imported from South Africa and Mozambique at a very high cost. Hence, there is a need to look inward into possibility of local electricity generation. One of the ways to achieve this is the development of the country's waste to energy facilities for electricity generation. In this way, the energy deficit gap could be bridged leading to electricity/environmental sustainability for Lesotho. As part of our ongoing research, this paper presents the overview of MSW in Lesotho in terms of waste collection and management. It also gives an overview on state of electricity generation in terms of availability and affordability for Lesotho. The feasible waste to energy technologies are suggested based on the waste profile of Lesotho.


This work evaluates the effect of plasma treatment on the wettability, dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of compression-molded composite panels produced from wood fiber (WF) and polypropylene (PP). Initially, WF was treated with different plasma durations (60, 120, and 180 s radiation). Afterward, the contact angle, moisture uptake, storage modulus, loss modulus, damping loss, and weight loss of the specimens prepared from untreated and plasma-treated were evaluated. Results revealed that the plasma treatment facilitates the interactions between WF and PP, and increases the adhesion properties. Compared with the lowest contact angle of 74.8° for the untreated specimens, the highest contact angle was found in the treated specimens around 79.06°, 81.29°, and 82.7°, using 60 and 15 using 180 s plasma radiations. Furthermore, the water absorption of the specimens reduced as a result of plasma treatment. The plasma-treated specimens demonstrated better molecular restriction and larger dynamic modulus than the unmodified ones. The tan δ peak signifying the glass transition temperature of composites shifted to a higher temperature, in the presence of plasma treatment. It was noted that the thermal stability of the composite panels produced from plasma-treated wood was remarkably improved.


Triaxial dynamic tests at the temperature −6 °C were performed on frozen subgrade soil to study accumulative deformation and resilient deformation properties. Based on the shakedown theory, a reliable evaluation for the long-term serviceability of the frozen subgrade was further presented. The influences of confining pressure, dynamic stress amplitude, initial stress path and initial stress ratio on dynamic properties of frozen subgrade soil were analysed. The evolution features of accumulative permanent strain under cyclic loading were experimentally determinated. The boundary functions for plastic shakedown area and plastic creep area were further established. Critical dynamic stresses for the different deformation areas can be calculated by the experimental data and the proposal formula. The influences of consolidation pressure and initial stress ratio on critical dynamic stress were discussed in detail. The distribution characteristics (envelope line loci) of the critical dynamic stress were investigated in the mean stress-the shear stress space.


Debaryomyces hansenii TMW 3.1188 is a halotolerant diploid yeast that was isolated from lupine moromi fermentation. Here, we report on the 24.77-Mbp genome of a diploid strain of the species D. hansenii. ABSTRACT Debaryomyces hansenii TMW 3.1188 is a halotolerant diploid yeast that was isolated from lupine moromi fermentation. Here, we report on the 24.77-Mbp genome of a diploid strain of the species D. hansenii.


Earlier, Chicone, Latushkin and Montgomery-Smith [Comm Math Phys (1997)] have proved the existence of a fast dynamo operator, in compact two-dimensional manifold, as long as its Riemannian curvature be constant and negative. More recently Gallet and Petrelis [Phys Rev \textbf{E}, 80 (2009)] have investigated saddle-node bifurcation, in turbulent dynamos as modelling for magnetic field reversals. Since saddle nodes are created in hyperbolic flows, this provides us with physical motivation to investigate these reversals in a simple kinematic dynamo model obtained from a force-free non-geodesic steady flow in Lobachevsky plane. Magnetic vector potential grows in one direction and decays in the other under diffusion. Magnetic field differential 2-form is orthogonal to the plane. A restoring forcing dynamo in hyperbolic space is also given. Magnetic field reversals are obtained from this model. Topological entropies [Klapper and Young, Comm Math Phys (1995)] are also computed.


This paper introduces the write-once/read-many XMLtape/ARC storage approach for Digital Objects and their constituent datastreams. The approach combines two interconnected file-based storage mechanisms that are made accessible in a protocol-based manner. First, XMLbased representations of multiple Digital Objects are concatenated into a single, valid XML file named an XMLtape. The creation of indexes for both the identifier and the creation datetime of the XML-based representation of the Digital Objects, facilitates OAI-PMH-based access. Second, ARC files, as introduced by the Internet Archive, are used to contain the constituent datastreams of the Digital Objects in a concatenated manner. An index for the identifier of the datastream facilitates OpenURLbased access. The interconnection between XMLtapes and ARC files is provided by conveying the identifiers of ARC files associated with an XMLtape as administrative information in the XMLtape, and by including OpenURL references to constituent datastreams of a Digital Object in the XML-based representation of that Digital Object.


We have demonstrated, to our knowledge for the first time, a monolithically integrable bandgap-tuned Mach Zehnder modulator in GaAs-AlGaAs QWs in which no regrowth or overgrowth technology is involved. Switching voltages are in the vicinity of 9 V mm/sup -1/.


BELIEVE on balance it will be right economically, but the political argument is stronger.' With these words, on May 8, 1967, -Mr. Wilson justified his decision to apply for membership of the EEC. In this article I do not wish to question the fundamental rightness of this decision, but to examine critically the political ideas and motives which have inspired the movement towards closer European integration. For convenience, the political motives have been divided into four: the search for power, the federalist ideal, the functional ideal, and, what I have termed rather loosely, the cultural impulse. In making this division it is not suggested that all those who support further integration can be neatly fitted into one of these four compartments, but rather that their motives can be usefully ordered and discussed in this way, on the grounds that there is no logical reason why a person who is impelled by one of these motives should also be impelled by another.


This study examines an original dramaturgical method for creating virtual world experience called virtual world drama. The instructional focus is improving students aptitude for analyzing ethnic identity by instilling both conceptual and multicultural competency. An exploratory research method is used, relying on observation (disguised and non-disguised) and survey information collected from a student sample spanning four academic quarters. Findings suggest that virtual world drama deepens the specificity of ethnic culture analysis and broadens the spectrum of ethnic culture awareness. In addition learning outcomes are evaluated based on improvements in ethnic aptitude collaboration, competence, and community.


The global positioning system (GPS) is a satellite-based radio navigation system to provide extremely accurate three-dimensional position fixes and system time to users anywhere on the Earth at any time regardless of weather conditions. The most significant performance parameter of the GPS is the degree of navigation accuracy which is strongly coupled to the choice of orbit configuration. The 3 X 8 orbit configuration has been considered as an operational GPS which consists of 24 satellites deployed in circular 63° inclined, subsynchronous 12-h orbits. In this paper, the geometric performance of several orbit configuration, including a 3 X 8 orbit configuration, is analyzed numerically by altering orbit period and elevation mask, respectively. It will be shown that 1) there are a few orbit configurations which are comparable to or better than the baseline 3 X 8 orbit configuration, and 2) for higher elevation mask, the geometric performance can be improved effectively by increasing orbit period to some extent.


Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV1) Rev has been reported to act by inducing the nucleocytoplasmic transport of unspliced and singly spliced RNAs that encode viral structural proteins. However, our initial experiments indicated the cytoplasmic expression of intron-containing mRNAs in Rev-cells [12]. To determine whether or not the post-transcriptional induction of gene expression by Rev extends to the level of increasing the efficiency of translation, Rev+ and Rev-cells were morphologically examined by means of in situ hybridization and immunofluorescence assays. Hybridization to an intron-specific probe revealed that the transfection of HeLa cells with a rev-defective HIV-1 expression plasmid caused the export of overexpressed, unspliced gag mRNAs, possibly through a default process of nuclear retention. However, subsequent immunofluorescence assaying demonstrated that mRNA exported by Rev, but not mRNA directed through the default process, was translated into the corresponding protein. The findings were extended to a group of singly spliced viral mRNAs that produce Env in the following biochemical analyses. These findings suggest that Rev is directly or indirectly involved in the translational regulation of HIV-1 structural gene mRNAs. We discuss the possibility that Rev could cause the intron-containing transcripts to follow the appropriate pathway to reach the translational machinery.


This chapter describes the most prominent non-benzylidene families. The chemistry revolving around ruthenium-indenylidene complexes is one of the fastest growing areas of olefin metathesis, and nowadays these catalysts represents alternative to the benzylidene congeners. The development of Ru-indenylidene complexes has paralleled the development of ruthenium benzylidene complexes, and the plethora of catalysts developed can be grouped in generations according to structural motifs. An alternative synthetic pathway to Ru-alkenylcarbene complexes involves cross metathesis of butadiene with first-generation catalysts. Ru-vinylidene complexes can be easily accessed by reaction of the appropriate ruthenium source with an alkyne. Most Ru-allenylidene or Ru-alkenylcarbyne complexes are prepared following Selegue's protocol. Furstner and Dixneuf also developed an alternative procedure that circumvents the use of protic solvents and results in a more practical and flexible method for the preparation of Ru-allenylidene complexes.


Painful stimuli are processed in the dorsal horn, a region in the spinal cord where several types of fibers send information to groups of neurons. We modify a mathematical model of the behavior of the neuron populations in the dorsal horn circuit by adjusting parameters of fiber and neuron behavior, and use this to simulate the body's response to pain. In this way, we are able to qualitatively match experimental results observed in neurological studies. Our model incorporates Spinal Cord Stimulation (SCS), a procedure that often inhibits several types of pain. For example, SCS has been shown to be more effective in treating neuropathic pain, which results from damage to the nervous system, than nociceptive pain, which is more common and results from injury to the body [1]. With our model, we have found that we are able to capture the results of SCS, but further adjustment will be necessary to show that repeated SCS pulses yield a net decrease in pain.


Increasing urban traffic performance is a technical problem that has been investigated by many researchers these days. Traffic performance can be increased in many ways, as part of the transportation planning process, on smaller scales, or with different methods and techniques. The determination of traffic intervention areas in urban transportation planning is an intervention type that determines the rate at which the traffic performance will increase. Although transportation planning is an integrated issue, the type of traffic modification and prior intervention on intersections are often determined with partitive paradigms and strategies. It is a significant opportunity for decision makers to be informed in advance of the effects of intersection characteristics on the overall traffic performance. However, it is not an attempted or tested concept to perform a general assessment of the impact of the intersection characteristics on the overall performance of the intersections. In this study, a four-stage integrated analysis including the multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) method is proposed for the overall traffic performance evaluation. The traffic characteristics of intersections are first indexed and categorized. The intersection performance results are then obtained using the VISSIM traffic simulation software. Subsequently, the relationship between them is determined with the MARS method, and the effects of the intersection characteristics on the traffic performance are investigated. Tekirdağ, a metropolitan city located in northwestern Turkey, is selected for the case study. According to the obtained simulation results, the suggestions related to the development of intersection performances are developed and tested. Note: This paper has been received on April 8, 2019 and accepted for publication by the Editorial Board on May 23, 2020. Discussions on this paper will be accepted by xxxxxxx xx, xxxx.  https://dx.doi.org/10.18400/tekderg.551032 1 Pamukkale University, Dept. of Urban and Regional Planning, Denizli, Turkey email@example.com https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2715-0984 2 Dokuz Eylül University, Department of Civil Engineering, İzmir, Turkey email@example.com https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3276-3075 3 Pamukkale University, Department of Civil Engineering, Denizli, Turkey firstname.lastname@example.com https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-4936 Evaluation of Intersection Properties Using MARS Method for Improving Urban ... 2


We have found the following typographical errors, which do not alter any conclusions of the paper. In the abstract, "Although . . ., and the same energy, . . ." should read "Although . . ., and almost the same energy densities. . . ." On p. 691, below Eq. (20), "Furthermore, all of these states have the same energy, i.e., the differences of Ĥ are only . . ." should read "Furthermore, all of these states have almost the same energy densities, i.e., the differences of Ĥ V are only . . . ." "For example, . . . , by neglecting terms of O 1 V , a, GjĤja, G Ejaj2,G E N ,G" should read "For example, . . . , by neglecting terms of O 1 V , a, GjĤja, G V Ejaj2,G V E N ,G V ."


Haze is air vapor as a result of condensation that is still close to the ground that occurs due to rotating air or air, this causes the impact on the vision to decrease. it is a common happened on fire Mountain. The observers need video images of the crater activity to be analyzed. When the activity of fire mountain increases, the production of gas or haze coming out of the crater is also increasing, causing it to no longer be able to monitor the crater conditions directly. Of course, this will be very dangerous if there is a dangerous activity in a volcanic event. However, the officer cannot anticipate it. the development of a remote monitoring system based on video image with a haze reducer tool, the foggy image obtained from the camera could be reduced. It is expected that the monitor system can visualize video images that are clearer and better than the source image which is foggy.


The invention discloses a process for synthesizing ethylenediamine-N-N'-disodium oxalic acid, and belongs to the field of technologies for synthesizing chemical compounds. The process includes carrying out reaction on glycolonitrile aqueous solution and ethylenediamine to obtain an intermediate ethylenediamine-N-N'-diacetonitrile; carrying out alkaline hydrolysis on the intermediate and dehydrating and drying the intermediate to obtain the ethylenediamine-N-N'-disodium oxalic acid. The intermediate and liquid caustic soda are mixed with each other to obtain mixtures when alkaline hydrolysis is carried out on the intermediate, the mixtures are heated until the temperature of the mixtures reaches 60-65 DEG C at first, then heat is preserved for 2-2.5 h, the mixtures are further heated until the temperature of the mixtures reaches 110-115 DEG C, and reflex heat preservation is carried out for 2-2.5 h to obtain alkaline hydrolysis liquid. The process has the advantages that the process is environmentally friendly, ammonia gas which is a byproduct can be absorbed by water to obtain ammonia water, and accordingly generation of waste gas, wastewater and industrial residues can be prevented; the alkaline hydrolysis temperatures are controlled, accordingly, generation of impurities such as disodium ethylenediamine nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediamine-sodium acetate and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt can be effectively controlled, and the ethylenediamine-N-N'-disodium oxalic acid which is a product is high in purity.


Solar irradiance forecasting is an inevitable and most significant process in grid-connected photovoltaic systems. Solar power is highly non-linear, and thus to manage the grid operation efficiently, with irradiance forecasting for various timescales, such as an hour ahead, a day ahead, and a week ahead, strategies are developed and analysed in this article. However, the single time scale model can perform better for that specific time scale but cannot be employed for other time scale forecasting. Moreover, the data consideration for single time scale forecasting is limited. In this work, a multi-time scale model for solar irradiance forecasting is proposed based on the multi-task learning algorithm. An effective resource sharing scheme between each task is presented. The proposed multi-task learning algorithm is implemented with a long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network model and the performance is investigated for various time scale forecasting. The hyperparameter estimation of the proposed LSTM model is made by a hybrid chicken swarm optimizer based on combining the best features of both the chicken swarm optimization algorithm (CSO) and grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm. The proposed model is validated, comparing existing methodologies for single timescale forecasting, and the proposed strategy demonstrated highly consistent performance for all time scale forecasting with improved metric results.


Abstract A nickel-based alloy was selected for cladding the fuel elements of a gas-cooled nuclear reactor. Criteria were good corrosion resistance to the coolant gas (300 psi 99.5 vol percent N 2 and 0.5 vol percent O 2 ) and reasonable mechanical strength at 1750F. Fuel element lifetimes of up to 10,000 hours were the ultimate aim. Materials tested include Hastelloy X, Inconel, Inconel X, Inconel 702, Hastelloy R-235 and Inor 8. A representative cross-section of commercially available solid-solution and precipitation-hardened alloys were screened under the reactor conditions above. Hastelloy X showed the best properties and was therefore designated as the reference alloy toward which all design calculations and further evaluations would be directed. Inconel and Inconel 702 were somewhat less attractive but demonstrated sufficient promise to be considered as backup alloys. 8.4.5, 6.3.10, 4.3.5


We describe a framework for extending the asymptotic behavior of a short-range interaction from the unit cube to general compact subsets of $ \mathbb R^d $. This framework allows us to give a unified treatment of asymptotics of hypersingular Riesz energies and optimal quantizers. We further obtain new results about the scale-invariant nearest neighbor interactions, such as the $ k $-nearest neighbor truncated Riesz energy. Our generalized approach has applications to methods for generating distributions with prescribed density: strongly-repulsive Riesz energies, centroidal Voronoi tessellations, and a popular meshing algorithm due to Persson and Strang.


Zn, without question, has important functions related to gene expression. Newer technologies applied to address these functions are providing answers relating to the importance of this micronutrient in human and animal health.


In the field of teleoperation, visual or tactile information obtained by the operators is restricted (e. g., limited or delayed sight) because of communication constraints. Therefore, it is difficult for the operators to operate the system. In this paper, a bilateral control system using the environmental information about the position and posture of a target as obtained by a camera is proposed. The proposed method reduces the workload of the operators by taking some of their tasks. An experiment is conducted to prove the benefit of the proposed method by using a 1-DOF master robot and a 2-DOF slave robot.


Case hardening processes such as carburizing are extensively applied in heavy-duty gears used in wind turbines, ships, high-speed rails, etc. Contact fatigue failure occurs commonly in engineering practice, thus reduces reliabilities of those machines. Rolling contact fatigue life of a carburized gear is influenced by factors such as the gradients of mechanical properties and profile of initial residual stress. In this regard, the study of contact fatigue life of carburized gears should be conducted with the consideration of those aspects. In this study, a finite element elastic–plastic contact model of a carburized gear is developed which takes the gradients of hardness and initial residual stress into account. Initial residual stress distribution and the hardness profile along the depth are obtained through experimental measurements. The effect of the hardness gradient is reflected by the gradients of yield strength and fatigue parameters. The modified Fatemi–Socie strain-life criterion is used to estimate the rolling contact fatigue life of the heavy-duty carburized gear. Numerical results reveal that according to the Fatemi–Socie fatigue life criterion, rolling contact fatigue failure of the carburized gear will first initiate at subsurface rather than surface. Compared with the un-carburized gear, the rolling contact fatigue lives of the carburized gear under all load conditions are significantly improved. Under heavy load conditions, the carburized layer significantly reduces the fatigue damage mainly due to the benefit to inhibit the accumulation of plasticity. Influence of the residual stress is also investigated. Under the nominal load condition, compared with the residual stress-free case, the existence of the tensile residual stress causes remarkable deterioration of the rolling contact fatigue life while the compressive residual stress with the same magnitude leads to a moderate growth of the rolling contact fatigue life. As the load becomes heavier when plasticity becomes notable, the influence of the initial residual stress on the life is somewhat weakened.


The inherent contrast between the priorities of public health and the goals of for-profit companies becomes overwhelmingly obvious when examining the "public health" efforts/policies for-profit industries support and oppose. The purpose of this commentary is to highlight the divergent goals of public health and for-profit industry, as well as the risks associated with collaboration between public health and for-profit entities. Ongoing alcohol industry-supported endeavors, such as wait-staff training, alcohol education programs, and promotional advertising, are presented as heuristic examples. By collaborating with the alcohol industry, public health officials and organizations become more willing to compromise standards and adopt values of the industry, and less likely to oppose values, operations, and products of the industry. The heuristic examples provided make overwhelmingly clear, advertising, partnerships, and program involvement by the alcohol industry are only intended to sell more alcohol.


Direct comparison of the ostensibly competing principles embedded in rival theories of Justice is often complicated by differences of view as to the nature and scope of the concrete Judgments a theory of Justice must attempt to illumine. Aristotle's official view, for example, is that Justice is a disposition or character trait. This commits him to scrutiny of Judgments about the Justice of particular actions since it is actions which serve to reveal, and to help form, the disposition in question. But it also stands in the way of any proper recognition of the fact that the competing principles of Justice he examines apply in the first instance neither to actions nor to dispositions but to states of affairs or situations: actions are Just for Aristotle when they help to bring about a Just distribution.


A collection of the work of some of the 18th century's finest women playwrights which includes Katherine Philips, Aphra Behn, Catherine Trotter, May Delariviere Manley, Mary Pix and Susannah Centlivre.


The invention provides a round sliding block group which comprises at least two round sliding blocks, wherein the adjacent round sliding blocks are provided with dowel holes which are mutually corresponding, a guide pin is inserted into the dowel holes so as to obtain the orientation of the adjacent round sliding blocks; the axial middle part of the guide pin is provided with a boss, a left pin pillar on the left side of the boss is inserted into each dowel hole on the left side of the round sliding block, a right pin pillar on the right side of the boss is inserted into each dowel hole on the right side of the round sliding block, and the boss is used for separating the adjacent round sliding blocks from each other; and in the round sliding block group, the opposite end faces of the adjacent round sliding blocks are no longer mutually fitted so as to divide a definite distance by the boss on the middle part of the guide pin, thereby eliminating the abrasion of end faces. The round sliding block group provided by the invention has the advantages that lubricating oil in a crank pin bearing is convenient to outflow, the adjacent end faces of each sliding block are not provided with an end face oil groove, thereby reducing the process. Meanwhile, the invention provides a round sliding block used for the round sliding block group, as well as a combustion engine and a compressor using the round sliding block group.


The thesis is mainly concerned with two fields: coherent feedback control for linear quantum systems and two-strategy evolutionary game theory. Three topics are considered: 1. Design mixed linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) and H∞ coherent feedback controllers for linear quantum systems. 2. Develop a new classical strategy model to solve the problem that defectors always dominate cooperators in a static two-strategy game. 3. Generalize the classical game theory into the quantum domain and state the advantages of quantum strategies over classical strategies. For topic 1, a class of closed-loop linear quantum systems is formulated in terms of quantum stochastic differential equations (QSDEs) in quadrature form, where both the plant and the controller are quantum systems. Under this framework, the mixed feedback control problem is synthesized. After proving a general result for the lower bound of LQG index, two methods, rank constrained LMI method and genetic-algorithm-based method, are proposed for controller design. A passive system (cavity) and a non-passive one (degenerate parametric amplifier, DPA), used as numerical examples, demonstrate the effectiveness of these two proposed algorithms. Furthermore, the superiority of genetic algorithm (GA) is verified by the comparison between the numerical results of two proposed methods.


A defining feature of inflammation is the accumulation of innate immune cells in the tissue that are thought to be recruited from the blood. We reveal that a distinct process exists in which tissue macrophages undergo rapid in situ proliferation in order to increase population density. This inflammatory mechanism occurred during T helper 2 (TH2)‐related pathologies under the control of the archetypal TH2 cytokine interleukin‐4 (IL‐4) and was a fundamental component of TH2 inflammation because exogenous IL‐4 was sufficient to drive accumulation of tissue macrophages through self‐renewal. Thus, expansion of innate cells necessary for pathogen control or wound repair can occur without recruitment of potentially tissue‐destructive inflammatory cells. (HEPATOLOGY 2011)


The syndrome known most widely as "Meigs' syndrome" is so named as a result of the description of it by Dr. Joe V. Meigs (a gynecologist with a strong interest in pathology) and Dr. John W. Cass (an internist with a major interest in pulmonary disease) in 1937. In his final writings on the topic 17 years later, Dr. Meigs reviewed the literature prior to his first report in more detail than he had initially and credited appropriately those who had noted the association of ovarian fibromatous tumors, ascites and pleural effusion in earlier times. He did not, however, record the description of the association by the great physician, Dr. Richard C. Cabot in 1912 even though they worked in the same hospital and the case in question was one of those that formed the basis of the report of Meigs and Cass.


First Amendment | U.S. Constitution | US Law | LII / Legal ... Christian Rights in the Workplace | American Center for ... Suffrage and Religious Principle: Speeches and Writings of ... The First Amendment, corporations and religious freedom ... Suffrage and religious principle : speeches and writings ... Women's Suffrage Speech Clara Barton Missing Soldiers ... The right to freedom of religion or belief and its ... The First Amendment in Schools: Resource Guide: Religious ... Heschel, "Religion and Race," Speech ... Voices of Democracy Human rights Wikipedia First Amendment to the United States Constitution Wikipedia 0810816652 Suffrage and Religious Principle:


One of the most important tasks of urbanization in China today is to accelerate large amount of migrants integrating into urban society.Different from existing researches which focus on hukou system and institutional reforms,this paper emphasizes the role of social capital and social mechanism in improving social integration of migrants,calling for a closer relationship between migrants and urban local residents.Improving the quantity and quality of Localized Social Capital(LSC) would be a crucial factor contributing to social integration of migrants.The paper defines and measures LSC in three dimensions: Social Participation(SP),Social Trust(SC) and Social Intercourse(SI),and analyzes how those LSCs have influenced social integration of migrants.While SP and ST have significant effect on migrants' social integration,the effect of SI is not significant.The paper discusses policy implications for enhancing migrants' LSCs to promote their social integration: encouraging more social participation and involvement in public affairs;cultivating mutual trust between migrants and local residents;and developing more positive intercourse and communications between migrants and local residents.


Compared with conventionally vibrated concrete (CVC), the rheological properties of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) should be closely controlled in order to satisfy fresh property requirements. Rheology of concrete is normally described by Bingham model. To investigate the effects of various aggregate properties on rheology of SCC, 25 mixtures were studied. It was found that higher aggregate volume, higher fine aggregate to coarse aggregate ratio, smaller aggregate size, and lower aggregate packing density may increase yield stress of SCC mixture. Aggregate size has an insignificant effect on plastic viscosity. Mixtures with slump flow less than 580 mm exhibited anti-thixotropy manner, whereas mixtures with slump flow 630 mm or higher showed thixotropy manner. No clear correlation was observed between plastic viscosity and T50 and Tf in the slump-flow test.


Abstract Benzylic alcohols and ethers were oxidized to their corresponding carbonyl compounds using dinitrogen tetroxide impregnated on activated charcoal (N2O4/charcoal) in CH2Cl2 at room temperature. Efficient oxidative cleavage of trimethylsilyl (TMS) and tetrahydropyranyl (THP) ethers to their corresponding carbonyl compounds was also performed by this reagent. High selectivity was observed for oxidation of benzylic alcohols and ethers and also trimethylsilyl ethers in the presence of tetrahydropyranyl ethers.


The invention relates to a method for producing optical components, by contacting a deformation element comprising a support having a first contact surface and a second contact surface is formed by the application of a functional element on the deformation element, which overlaps the first contact surface, at least partially, so that by the area of the deformation element which is formed between the overlapping portions of the two contact surfaces, a deformation region is formed, wherein at least a portion of the deformation region is heated and deformed so that the functional element is deflected, in particular displaced and / or tilt, and the functional element is connected to the deformation element during the step of applying the functional element on the deformation element and / or in a step of heating and deforming the deformation portion.


We present different ways, coming from Finite Volume or Mixed Finite Element
frameworks, to discretize convection terms in Hybrid Finite Volume, Mimetic Finite Difference
and Mixed Finite Volume methods for elliptic equations. We compare them through several numerical tests,
deducing some generic principles, depending on the situation, on the choice of an apropriate method
and its parameters. We also present an adaptation to the Navier-Stokes equations, with a numerical tests in the case
of the lid-driven cavity.


Contram is a traffic assignment model for use in the design of traffic management schemes. The model predicts vehicle routes, flows and queues in a network of streets and junctions; junctions may be controlled by traffic signals or "give-way" rules. It is assumed that the numbers of trips between each origin and destination are known and that they may vary with time so that the growth and decay of congestion in peak periods can be studied. Allowance is made for the physical size of queues which may block back and restrict the throughput capacity at upstream junctions. Up to three classes of vehicles (eg cars, buses and lorries) can be represented, and selected vehicles (usually buses) can be sent along fixed routes. Contram provides comprehensive information on traffic conditions, including link delay times, turning movements and fuel consumption, to help the traffic engineer to understand and assess the merits of alternative traffic management schemes. This user guide gives a brief description of the model, details of data input and output, a test example to illustrate the use of the model and an outline of the structure and operation of the computer program. (Author/TRRL)


To characterize intracellular energy transfer in the heart, two organ-level methods have frequently been employed: P{NMR inversion and saturation transfer, and dynamic O labeling. Creatine kinase (CK) fluxes obtained by following oxygen labeling have been considerably smaller than the fluxes determined by P{NMR saturation transfer. It has been proposed that dynamic O labeling determines net flux through CK shuttle, whereas P{NMR saturation transfer measures total unidirectional flux. However, to our knowledge, no sensitivity analysis of flux determination by oxygen labeling has been performed, limiting our ability to compare flux distributions predicted by different methods. Here we analyze oxygen labeling in a physiological heart phosphotransfer network with active CK and adenylate kinase (AdK) shuttles and establish which fluxes determine the labeling state. A mathematical model consisting of a system of ordinary differential equations was composed describing O enrichment in each phosphoryl group and inorganic phosphate. By varying flux distributions in the model and calculating the labeling, we analyzed labeling sensitivity to different fluxes in the heart. We observed that the labeling state is predominantly sensitive to total unidirectional CK and AdK fluxes and not to net fluxes. We conclude that measuring dynamic incorporation of O into the high-energy phosphotransfer network in heart does not permit unambiguous determination of energetic fluxes with a higher magnitude than the ATP synthase rate when the bidirectionality of fluxes is taken into account. Our analysis suggests that the flux distributions obtained using dynamic O labeling, after removing the net flux assumption, are comparable with those from P{NMR inversion and saturation transfer. Citation: Schryer DW, Peterson P, Illaste A, Vendelin M (2012) Sensitivity Analysis of Flux Determination in Heart by H2 18 Isotopologue Model of Energy Transfer Pathways. PLoS Comput Biol 8(12): e1002795. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002795 Editor: Edmund J. Crampin, University of Auckland, New Zealand Received December 23, 2011; Accepted August 9, 2012; Published December 6, 2012 Copyright: 2012 Schryer et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This work was supported by the Wellcome Trust (Fellowship No. WT081755), Estonian Science Foundation (grant no 7344, PhD stipend for A.I), and European Union through the European Regional Development Fund. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: email@example.com


The molecule of the title compound, C16H17N3O2S, adopts an E conformation with respect to the azomethine C=N bond. The hydrazinecarbothioamide fragment is close to planar, with a largest deviation from the least-squares plane of 0.079 (2) Å for the hydrazide N atom. This fragment forms a dihedral angle of 9.43 (9)° with the central benzene ring. The benzene rings are inclined to one another by 67.55 (12)°. The molecular conformation is stabilized by an intramolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond involving the azomethine N atom. In the crystal, molecules are linked through weak N—H⋯S and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds into double ribbons along [010]. The crystal packing also features C—H⋯π interactions.


Objective To deter mine the content of heavy metal elements in two pollen.Method The content of four elements arsenicum(As),mercury(Hg),selenium(Se) and cadmium(Cd) in tea pollen and buckwheat pollen were determined by using microwave digestion-atomic fluorescence spectrometry.Result Under the optimum experimental condition,the detection limits of As,Hg,Se,Cd four elements were 0.305,0.016,0.082 and 0.039 ng/mL resp.And their recoveries were 97.2%~105.4%.Conclusion The method is easy,quick,accurate with a higher sensitivity,which can be used in the quantitative determination of heavy metal elements in Chinese traditional medicines with a satisfactory result.


Provided are an electronic device sealing resin sheet that can be easily aligned and can also prevent a positional shift when the resin sheet is placed over an electronic device, and an electronic device package production method. The invention relates to an electronic device sealing resin sheet provided with a flat portion and a raised portion protruding from the flat portion in the thickness direction.


The main skill innovation of Yu Qiuyu's prose is at five ways : the conceptive method in a dilemma; strengthening plot by suspense and coincidence; pursuing the art form of novel; exceeding traditional writing form; constructing the lingual intuition. So the representation skill of prose is enriched.


Terrorism is one from the overall spectrum of global security threats. In this multiply connected modern world, terrorism has become one of the forms of struggle against the new colonizers, i.e. the negative consequences of globalization processes. The paper argues that it is wrong to consider only western democratic and developed countries as vulnerable to terrorist attacks, it is developing countries where terrorist attacks actually leave the long-term consequences. To eradicate terrorism means to remove its causes, the importance of which is discussed in this paper with an emphasis on the basic human rights of every individual. 51 K. Kardov – O. Žunec, n. dj., str. 962. Primjer takva "ne-mjesta", logora, jest Guantanamo, zatočenički logor u istoimenoj američkoj vojnoj bazi na Kubi, logor u kojem zakoni SAD-a ne vrijede, jer, kako se službeno pravdaju, logor se ne nalazi na američkome teritoriju. Zatočenici u ovome logoru izvan su svakoga redovitog pravosudnog sustava. Usp. K. Kardov – O. Žunec, n. dj., str. 956. 52 Isto, str. 961. 292 Anita Bušljeta Tonković SUVREMENI TERORIZAM – GLOBALNA SIGURNOSNA PRIJETNJA... Terrorism is a result of political and social crisis, as well as an expression of dissatisfaction with the political, social, economic, religious and other trends. As a global phenomenon, it can be considered as one of side effects of globalization, the other side of the coin of globalization processes, in other words, a negative consequence of the spread of economic and political achievements of the developed West. Therefore, this phenomenon is both a global security threat, and a form of the antiglobalization action. The paper's main goal is to explain, on a theoretical level, the modern concept of terrorism and its causes with a critical view of globalization processes.


Without the use of halogen-based flame retardant and has a high degree of flame retardancy, and an object thereof is to obtain a for electrical and electronic components made of a high temperature and can withstand use for a long time the flame-retardant polyester resin composition. And 5 to 80 parts by weight of the parts for electric and electronic of the present invention is a thermoplastic polyester resin (A) and 100 parts by weight of the main chain type polymer having a polyester structure, an organic phosphorus-based flame retardant (B), an amorphous thermoplastic super engineering plastics (C) 1 ~ 20 parts by weight of the fibrous inorganic compound (D) 5 ~ 120 parts by weight of the non-fibrous inorganic compound (e) is for electrical and electronic components made of a 5-50 flame retardant polyester resin composition comprising by weight parts of .


Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a RNA virus which infects both human beings and animals. COVID-19 infection is presently a very important, global health related problem. It is contagious. The COVID-19 or severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 virus affects the lungs very commonly through the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptor which is present in abundance on the surface of type II alveolar cells. It leads to SARS. The severely ill COVID-19 patients suffer from massive intra vascular clot formation. Therefore, coagulation tests are very useful to assess the severity of the cases.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of our study is to assess, that whether by examining the blood of a COVID-19 patient for D-Dimer, the treating physician can judge the severity of the case and come to a conclusion regarding the line of management.
Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted in the departments of Pathology and Radiology of RG Kar Medical College. Records of the patients who were admitted for COVID-19, from September 2020 to September 2021, have been studied for their D dimer levels. The computed tomography (CT) scan findings of the respective patients have also been studied from the departmental records.
Results: In our study, the median value of D-Dimers of 80 samples came out to be 1.4. (1) CT scores, (2) presence or absence of crazy paving sign, and (3) perilobular fibrosis in CT scan have been studied and compared with the median D Dimer values. It has been seen from our study that out of 54 cases whose D-Dimers were <1.4, 41 cases had moderate CT score, and 13 had CT score in the severe range, 26 cases had crazy paving sign in their CT findings, and 28 cases did not show crazy paving sign in their CT findings, and 22 cases had perilobular fibrosis in their CT reports, and 32 cases did not have perilobular fibrosis. The P-values came out to be <0.05 for all the three parameters.
Conclusion: We concluded from the study that D-Dimer levels can reflect the severity of lung parenchymal injury and can be used to judge the severity and to plan the line of management of COVID cases.


An increasing number of studies have reported the presence of microplastics in marine organisms such as bivalves. Ingestion of microplastics can affect organisms and transport pollutants such as organic chemicals and heavy metals. In this study, the presence, quantity, and size of microplastics ingested by the three commercially important bivalve species Perna viridis, Crassostrea iredalei, and Venerupis philippinarum harvested from Bacoor Bay, Philippines, were investigated. The microplastics were extracted from the soft tissues of the bivalves using base digestion, recovered by filtration using 150 µm wire mesh, and analyzed microscopically. The results demonstrated that the quantity of recovered microplastics from the soft tissues of mussels, oysters, and clams are 0.93±0.12 items/g, 0.42±0.07 items/g, and 1.71±0.34 items/g, respectively. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) shows that the quantity of microplastics ingested by the three bivalve species was significantly different (α = 0.05, p =0.0031). The average size of microplastics ingested by mussels, oysters, and clams was 1.72±0.13 mm, 1.26±0.18 mm, and 1.21±0.1 mm, respectively. A slightly significant difference between the sizes of microplastics ingested by the three bivalve species (α = 0.05, p =0.049) was observed. This study presents preliminary data on the quantity and size of microplastics ingested by bivalves in Bacoor Bay. The results of this study further proved the necessity of determining programs and projects to reduce the potential risks of microplastics on the environment, economy, and, more importantly, on the safety of human food consumption. Further studies are needed to identify the specific polymers of plastics ingested by the three bivalve species harvested in Bacoor Bay.


As we learned in chapter 1, HFC networks have evolved from traditionally broadcasting only multichannel analog video signals to a two-way mixture of analog and digital signals carrying both digital video and high-speed data. This chapter provides the basic technical background of cable TV systems carrying analog and digital video signals. Section 2.1 will explain the most commonly used analog video modulation formats, while Section 2.2 will discuss the different digital video and audio signal standards. The primary cable TV frequency plans that are used in the U.S. are reviewed in Section 2.3. In Section 2.4, the basic characteristics of multichannel coaxial systems are reviewed in terms of the properties of their components such as coaxial cables, taps, and RF amplifiers. The different degradation mechanisms over multichannel coaxial cable plants such as secondand third-order nonlinear distortions, multipath micro-reflections or echoes, group delay, and AM hum modulation are reviewed in Section 2.5. The last section will discuss the sources of upstream noise, including ingress noise, and their impact on the return-path transmission over cable TV networks.


The structure of a new chromophore in II has been confirmed by the synthesis of the tetraene III containing the tetrahydroindene skeleton.


Advertisers in the western countries have exerted direct and indirect pressure on the media which directly leads to the loss of media credibility and homogenization of content.Chinese advertisers have not had the same degree of influence on the media but the situation is worsening.The government and the media should take immediate actions to combat this issue.


This article reviews the development of a patient and family education program through the collaboration of a broad range of people and departments at the University of Virginia Health System. The implementation of a patient education materials repository, and a Web site developed to provide information on effective patient communication across cultures, are described, along with activities designed to promote health literacy at the Health System and in the community.


Objective: To investigate the relation between social creative potential of primary school children and their teachers' leadership styles. Methods: Social Creative Potential Questionnaire for Primary School Children was administered to 411 primary school children randomly selected from Grades 3 to 6; structured interview was used to evaluate teacher's leadership style, and data were analyzed with correlation analysis, and regression analysis. Results: ①Significant negative correlations existed between social creative potential and teachers' indulging style, and the dimensions of problem-solving traits, steadfast and enterprising tendency, initiative and duteousness and social ability correlated significantly with teachers' democracy; ②Teachers' indulging style could negatively predict children's social creative potential, and teachers' democracy could positively predict problem-solving traits, steadfast and enterprising tendency and initiative and duteousness. Conclusion: The democratic leadership of teachers may facilitate the development of social creativity of primary school children, and the indulging leadership may hinder the development of their social creativity.


The study estimated quantitatively the technical efficiency of production and its determinants in grasscutter enterprise in Osun State, Nigeria, using a stochastic production frontier function approach. A total of Seventy-two grasscutter farmers across the three agricultural zones were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data were collected on the socio-economic characteristics and other variables of interest such as prices of production inputs and output, through a well-structured questionnaire. The Maximum Likelihood Cobb-Douglas estimation procedure was used. Careful analysis revealed that labour, concentrates, capital and farm size were identified as the major determinants of the total output of grasscutter enterprise in the study area. The study also showed that membership of cooperative, access to credit, level of education and extension contact significantly influenced efficiency level in the study area. The maximum technical efficiency attained by the farmers was 93% while the minimum technical efficiency was found to be 45%. The mean technical efficiency (MTE) was 86%. The sum of output elasticities which denotes returns to scale was established at 1.04 signifying increased returns to scale. In essence, the enterprise did not attain maximum production frontier. Based on these findings, it is recommended that efficiency could be increased through better use of available resources, access to credit facilities and assisting and encouraging the farmers in joining cooperative societies so as to have access to loans. Also, educational programmes should be organized to sensitize farmers more on how to improve on their efficiency level.


Initial volume fluctuation (VF) arising from the participant fluctuation would be the background which should be subtracted experimentally from the measured higher-order cumulants. We study the validity of the Volume Fluctuation Correction (VFC) on higher-order net-proton cumulants by using simple toy model and UrQMD model in Au+Au collisions at \sqrt s_{NN} = 200 GeV for various centrality definitions. The results are compared to the conventional data driven method called Centrality Bin Width Correction (CBWC). We find VFC works well in toy model assuming independent particle production (IPP), but does not seem to work well in UrQMD model. It is also found that cumulants are strongly affected by the multiplicity correlation effect as well as the centrality resolution effect.


Welding power source is an important research content in the field of welding technology. It is of significance to organize the design database of welding power source, develop its interactive website and construct its remote management platform based on web. In the scope of this paper, the core technology applied in above aspects were analyzed and summarized, the current development status and future trend of the application of computer and internet technology in welding power source areas were introduced.


Attenuation of EMI filters strongly depends on the mutual couplings among filter components and their parasitics. This paper explains and analyzes such effects of filter components. Analytical, numerical, and experimental methods are used in a systematic way, considering single- and three-phase EMI filters as examples. It is shown that several paths of couplings and parasitics reduce the filter performance significantly. A separate discussion of the impact on differential- and common-mode behavior is shown in detail, showing further potential in the methods for filter improvement.


weeks ago. Also small fluctuant swellings under scalp in vertex and occiput. Patient had been told he had tuberculosis. Had an operation for removal of glands of neck seven years ago. F%mily history.-Mother: one miscarriage; one child dead (breech presentation); one child healthy. Condition on admission. '̂Ears: normal. Nose: sunken bridge. Throat, normal. All other systems, normal. February 18, 1924.-Wassermann reaction: strongly positive. Treatment.-February 19, 1924: Neo-kharsivan, 0 3 grm.; mercury inunctions; potassium iodide, gr. viij, t.d.s., p.c. February 28, 1924.-Swellings smaller; less fluctuant. March 6, 1924.-Neo-kharsivan, 0 3 grm., continued. March 7, 1924.-Temperature, 102.40 F. March 17, 1924.-General condition greatly improved. Frontal and occipital swellings now almost di'sappeared and barely palpable. Neokharsivan, 0 3 grm. April 11, 1924.-Neo-kharsivan, 0 3 grm. April 13, 1924.-Contramine, 0'25 grm. Congenital syphilis of bone is not rare, but the particular form in which it appeared in this case rendered confusion with frontal sinus disease easily possible. The case was first treated at the Ramsgate Hospital, and the incision seen between the superciliary ridges was made there. The actual condition when seen by me was as follows:-


One of the problems with any deep space communication system is that information may be altered or lost during transmission due to channel noise. It is known that any damage to the bit stream may lead to objectionable visual quality distortion of images at the decoder. The purpose of this thesis is to design an error correction and data compression algorithm for image protection, which will allow the communication bandwidth to be better utilized. The work focuses on Sunsat (Stellenbosch Satellite) images as test images. Investigations were done on the JPEG 2000 compression algorithm's robustness to random errors, putting more emphasis on how much of the image is degraded after compression. Implementation of both the error control coding and data compression strategy is then applied to a set of test images. The FEe algorithm combats some if not all of the simulated random errors introduced by the channel. The results illustrates that the error correction of random errors is achieved by a factor of 100 times (xl00) on all test images and that the probability of error of 10-in the channel (10-4for image data) shows that the errors causes little degradation on the image quality. Stellenbosch University http://scholar.sun.ac.za


The isothermal vapor−liquid equilibrium (VLE) of binary systems of thiophene + butane, + trans-but-2-ene, + 2-methylpropane, and + 2-methylpropene was measured at (308 and 336) K with a static total pressure apparatus. The measured data (temperature, pressure, and amounts of moles) were reduced to phase equilibrium data with Barker's method. All binary systems exhibited a positive deviation from Raoult's law.


D.J. JACKSON, V.A. SAUNDERS AND A.M. HUMPHREYS. 1996. Microsomal chitinase from yeast and hyphal cells of Candida albicans was activated endogenously by incubation at 30°C and exogenously by trypsin. The putative activating factor of yeast cells was separated from chitinase activity by fractionation of lysed protoplasts on an Iodixanol density gradient. The vacuole fraction contained no significant chitinase activity, but was enriched in chitinase activating factor. Activity of microsomal chitinase increased upon incubation with this, but no other gradient factor. Results suggest that the regulatory system governing microsomal chitinase activity, like that governing chitin synthase, involves a 'vacuolar'activating factor in Candida albicans.


The aim was to investigate (a) the effect of five different time sampling intervals (epoch settings) on different intensity levels when assessing physical activity with an accelerometer (CSA, WAM 7 ...


This bachelor thesis is aimed at individual differences of the labour migration of citizens from the Czech Republic to the countries of European Union. Describes main rules about possibilities labour migration of citizens from the Czech Republic within the frame of European Union and acquaint the reader with the problems of labour migration. The thesis is divided into several parts. In the first part are represented general individual differences between aboriginal member states European Union, Switzerland and new member states neighbouring the Czech Republic. Foreshadowing statistics data and trends of labour migration of citizens from the Czech Republic into individual states EU15 by comparison with new member states EU10. In the second part I introduce most frequent reasons of labour migration, point onto problems from practical aspect with sequential draft of solutions. I am ending this thesis by recommendation for citizens from the Czech Republic, who are planning to travel for work to the states of European Union.


The right to free movement of eu citizens, and the right not to experience discrimination on the ground of nationality,1 are both fundamental principles of eu law, which have been recognised in the Treaties and, extensively, in case law of the european court of Justice. Both principles were at issue in the case of Gottwald, which concerned a claim of equal treatment (or equal entitlement) to a national disability related benefit, by a disabled holiday maker from another Member State. All Member States provide a wide variety of social benefits, or, to use the term found in regulation 1612/68, 'social advantages',2 to disabled citizens and residents, with a view to promoting their social and economic integration and compensating for disadvantages linked to impairment or disability. Such benefits range from free or concessionary rates for public transport to financial payments and grants. The key question in Gottwald was whether, under ec law, such a benefit also had to be made available to visitors from other Member States who had the required degree of disability needed to establish eligibility, but who only had a limited or transient link to the Member State providing the benefit.


A typical calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor of the maxilla was examined with the electron microscope. The tumor cell resembles the ameloblast at an early stage of enamel deposition. Formation of extracellular amyloid masses probably proceeds both by active cellular secretion and cell death, each process adding similar granulofibrillar material to these masses, which tend to calcify. The amyloid masses are probably a relatively homogeneous protein material and represent a specific tumor cell product. Further characterization of this neoplasm must include chemical and physical studies of this extracellular tumor product, which is an amyloid material because of classic staining characteristics.


Gili Indah is ecotone area, which is a combination between the two regions fauna, Wallacea and Oriental. This causes Gili Indah has a high bird diversity and unique. In addition, Gili Indah is a haven for migratory birds from the northern hemisphere is currently winter. This book is a practical guide to birdwatching in the field. This book includes 62 species of birds and about 70 photos, making it easier for observers to identify birds. A brief description of the characteristics of birds, habitat, behavior and distribution area also served to ensure the accuracy of the identification of birds. The book is organized for practical purposes, but does not eliminate the scientific side, so that it can be used for all people. For the traveler, this book is very appropriate as a guide. For the student who makes practical work or research thesis, this book will be very appropriate because it presents scientific information on bird in Gili Indah.