The paper deals with the formation of transport and underground ventilation systems for mining and ore processing to facilitate the implementation of modern ways of the min-ing industry improving. The system performance dependence, of annual performance, principles of its formation, the scheme of autonomous transport and ventilation system of underground and processing complex are shown


4-(4-Phenylbutoxy)benzoic acid (2), which was prepared from tetrahydrofuran (4) by ring-opening, Friedel-Crafts alkylation, bromination and etherification, reacted with 3-amino-2-hydroxyacetophenone (3) to give 3-[4-(4-phenylbutoxy)benzoic amide]-2- hydroxyacetophenone (11), followed by reacting in the presence of 1H-tetrazol-5-ethyl formate (12) and cyclization to give pranlukast (1)with the overall yield of 24.7%(based on 4).


Continuing from the preceding article,this article was based on an example of some shale oil finery plant.After the analysis and solving schemes on low oil yield rate with Fushun retort on shale oil production,the Fushun retort unit,heat supply system and oil-gas recovery system were analyzed and researched.The traditional shale oil production technology with Fushun retort was reformed collectively,and a new process technology was performed.The result proves that 80% to 85% of oil yield can be obtained with this new technology.If it is under regular operation and management,the production effect is expected to be better.Besides,the new process can increase productivity and autoimmunization degree.The better environmental protection goal,saving water source and reducing pollutants discharge can be realized.It overcomes the drawback of traditional process by technical innovation and upgrading.The superiority of handling low grade oil shale,rich operation and managerial experience can avoid a series of problems from old industrial enterprises,such as high investment,difficult operation and management through replacing retort unit and technology.


Robotic manipulators have captured the attention of many specialists owing to its importance in academic research and industrial automation. This paper proposes a novel hierarchical self-organizing fuzzy optimal controller for the trajectory tracking control of robotic manipulator systems. The hierarchical self-organizing fuzzy optimal controller employs a self-organizing fuzzy logic system as a superior control strategy regulator for a subordinate optimal tracking controller. Using the self-organizing learning and fuzzy inference operation, the weighting matrix in the optimal controller is configured adaptively according to the robotic dynamical behavior. The optimal tracking control law under this hierarchical architecture is derived using the maximum principle. Stability and robustness of the hierarchical self-organizing fuzzy optimal controller are then analyzed and proved through the Lyapunov stability approach and Barbalat's Lemma. A simulation study demonstrates the effectiveness and feasibility of this hierarchical system, and compares it with a self-organizing fuzzy controller.


This study investigates the impact of political connections on the awarding of government contracts to Canadian companies. Two-stage least squares (2SLS) analyses were performed on a sample of S&P/TSX companies from 2010 to 2014 inclusively. The results show that political connections are positively and significantly associated with the winning of government contracts. Politically connected firms obtain more government contracts and higher contract values than non-connected firms. Political connections thus appear to be directly associated with securing government contracts in the Canadian context. Firms can view political connections as a non-market, long-term strategy to help them gain competitive advantages and improve their performance. Accordingly, they tend to appoint directors and managers taking these connections and the advantages that can be gained into account. However, they must seriously consider the cost-benefit ratio of this strategy. For example, the costs incurred could be ethical in nature and firms could find themselves in a position of conflict of interest that could lead to extensive negative media exposure. These results alert regulatory and governmental organizations to the need for them to remain vigilant and to strengthen corporate governance regulations to prevent the excesses and abuses that could arise from firms' political actions. Our study is the first to demonstrate a direct relationship between corporate political connections and government contracts in the Canadian context. The results confirm the growing interdependence between politics and business, particularly the increase in the number of corporate actions intended to influence government decisions.


Introduction: Chronic renal dysfunction is common in end stage heart failure. Left Ventricular Assist Devices (LVADs) are increasingly being used in such patients. In this study, we evaluated patie...


The effect of thermomechanical processing on the volume fraction and stability of retained austenite in a Nb microalloyed Mn-Si TRIP steel was investigated. In one set of tests, specimens were isothermally held at 400 °C for a series of different times, then air cooled to room temperature. In another set of tests, specimens were continuously cooled to room temperature at a cooling rate of 2 °C/s or 10 °C/s. The former generated a mixed microstructure of ferrite + bainite + retained austenite, while the latter produced a microstructure of bainite + martensite + retained austenite. It was found that the stability of retained austenite against a strain induced transformation to martensite increases with increasing carbon concentration, decreasing size and hard surrounding phase.


Objective To observe the efficacy and the safety of NB-UVB phototherapy in combination with tazarotene gel in the treatment of moderate and serious psoriasis vulgaris.Methods NB-UVB phototherapy was used three times weekly for 8 weeks in combination with 0.05% tazarotene gel every night in the treatment of 50 patients with moderate and serious psoriasis vulgaris.The efficacy was assessed by the change of PASI score and the adverse events were recorded.Results The efficacy appeared 1-2 week(s) later after treatment and the lesions were improved with time.At the end point,all the patients showed marked improvement with a cure rate of 92%.Only eight patients(16%) suffered from skin irritation during the treatment.The irritation was described as bearable and did not interfere with the treatment.Conclusion It is demonstrated that NB-UVB in combination with tazarotene gel is effective and safe in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris.


ABSTRACT Cake shortening contents were replaced with Nutrim oat bran (OB) and flaxseed powder, and the effects of these substitutions on the physical and rheological properties of cakes were investigated. Cakes with shortening replaced up to 40% by weight possessed a volume similar to that of the control cake produced with shortening. Replacement using Nutrim OB and flaxseed powder revealed significant color changes in both the cake crust and crumb. At high levels of substitution, the cake crust became lighter, while the crumb darkened. At >40% by weight substitution with either Nutrim OB or flaxseed, the cakes displayed increased hardness; however, cohesiveness and springiness increased gradually with increasing substitution. Increased substitution with Nutrim OB caused an increase in the measured shear viscosity and oscillatory storage and loss moduli of the cakes. Increased substitution with flaxseed caused decreases in these rheological parameters. Additional rheological experiments were performed to ...


We describe scalar-bimetric theories where the dynamics of the Universe are governed by two separate metrics, each with an Einstein-Hilbert term. In this setting, the baryonic and dark matter components of the Universe couple to metrics which are constructed as functions of these two gravitational metrics. More precisely, the two metrics coupled to matter are obtained by a linear combination of their vierbeins, with scalar-dependent coefficients. The scalar field, contrary to dark-energy models, does not have a potential of which the role is to mimic a late-time cosmological constant. The late-time acceleration of the expansion of the Universe can be easily obtained at the background level in these models by appropriately choosing the coupling functions appearing in the decomposition of the vierbeins for the baryonic and dark matter metrics. We explicitly show how the concordance model can be retrieved with negligible scalar kinetic energy. This requires the scalar coupling functions to show variations of order unity during the accelerated expansion era. This leads in turn to deviations of order unity for the effective Newton constants and a fifth force that is of the same order as Newtonian gravity, with peculiar features. The baryonic and dark matter self-gravities are amplified although the gravitational force between baryons and dark matter is reduced and even becomes repulsive at low redshift. This slows down the growth of baryonic density perturbations on cosmological scales, while dark matter perturbations are enhanced. These scalar-bimetric theories have a perturbative cutoff scale of the order of 1 AU, which prevents a precise comparison with Solar System data. On the other hand, we can deduce strong requirements on putative UV completions by analyzing the stringent constraints in the Solar System. Hence, in our local environment, the upper bound on the time evolution of Newton's constant requires an efficient screening mechanism that both damps the fifth force on small scales and decouples the local value of Newton constant from its cosmological value. This cannot be achieved by a quasistatic chameleon mechanism and requires going beyond the quasistatic regime and probably using derivative screenings, such as Kmouflage or Vainshtein screening, on small scales.


Researchers from the Particle Fluids Processing Centre at the University of Melbourne have devised a method to both directly measure and quantitatively model the dynamic forces between two liquid droplets in another immiscible fluid using atomic force microscopy for droplet radii, between 10 microns and 100 microns. These results suggest the traditional concepts of film drainage and droplet coalescence as a two-stage process are not appropriate for droplet sizes relevant to emulsions.


A method and control nodes for controlling load-based handover in a mobile telecommunications network is proposed and at least one logical control node (7) for controlling resources in said cell and at least one logical service node (9) for controlling quality of service, wherein said logical service node comprises terminal instruction means for instructing a mobile terminal communicating with said at least first base station to perform a handover, comprising the steps of-determining, in the CRNC, if the load in the cell exceeds a first threshold,-selecting, in the CRNC, a mobile terminal that should be moved to another carrier if the load in the cell exceeds the first threshold, and-instructing, from the CRNC, the SRNC to instruct the at least one mobile terminal to perform a handover.


The General Medical Council revalidation process1 re-licenses doctors through an absence of clinical governance concerns and the positive demonstration of continued competence by doctors, who collect, reflect on, and discuss a defined portfolio of supporting information in appraisal. This process is recognised internationally as world class.23 It is much more flexible than periodic high stakes examinations. It recognises the depth, breadth, and diversity of medical careers while identifying unsatisfactory performance due to conduct, capability, or health related issues. Its definition and purposes are clear and subtle enough to provide support for development while also providing a robust re-licensing process.4

Tzortziou Brown and …


The invention provides a composite dry-distillation type low-temperature cigarette device. The composite dry-distillation type low-temperature cigarette device comprises a battery section, a transition section, a heating section, a filter tip section and a cigarette holder which are sequentially sleeved and connected, wherein the battery section is internally provided with an electronic cabin; the heating section is internally provided with two cigarette chambers which are detachably arranged back and forth, a composite cigarette chamber is formed by the two cigarette chambers, the composite cigarette chamber is fixed through a clamping opening, the outer side of the composite cigarette chamber is sequentially provided with electric heating layers and a heat insulation layer, the electric heating layers are in two-section type series arrangement, and the number or length of heating pieces in the electric heating layer is arranged according to a certain proportion; the two cigarette chambers are internally and respectively added with smoke formation materials in different properties; an air duct at a cigarette holder end is provided with a one-way ventilating valve. According to the composite dry-distillation type low-temperature cigarette device provided by the invention, the structure is simple, the use is convenient, the cigarette chambers can be replaced, the fragrance of smoke generated by the device is sufficient, the natural fragrance of tobacco is strong, and the composite dry-distillation type low-temperature cigarette device is beneficial for market promotion.


Discourse is one of the basic notions in linguistics due to its specificity which lies in representation, interpretation and conceptualization of any activity including professional one. In the host of institutional discourse types media discourse is quite prominent as it provides a communicative and cognitive representation of professional or other activities and reflects a combination of conceptual, linguistic, extralinguistic, sociocultural, pragmatic, psychological and cognitive features of the media product author and the consumer (both individual and society as a whole). The research shows that the main functional component of the media discourse is actualized in the informative and impact function, with impact tending to prevail. From this perspective the involvement of the British press discourse in building up the recipient's conceptual vision of the world is analyzed; the article exemplifies linguistic means of explicit or implicit instilling in readers' minds of the addresser's subjective interpretation of information instead of presentation of pure facts. This leads to the inference about an inextricable connection between the conceptual and the discursive world pictures. The article contains the press discourse typology based on cognitive and sociocultural criteria. The most interesting representatives of the binary opposition of the press discourse types are the discourse of the British quality press and the discourse of the British popular press. The author discloses three aspects (stylistic, structure- and content-related, pragmatic) of the British press specificity exemplifying them by the analysis of sample texts of both types. The revealed features of the said discourse types are compared, and certain findings are presented on the identity and difference in their use of tools of the author's intention verbalization. The main tools of verbalization are linguistic means of expression, recurrent constructions, modal constructions, introductory words, contracted negative forms and others.


Two sensor network protocols for the monitoring of packed food products were tested in different sea containers. The packet rate and the signal strength of all sensor-to-sensor links were recorded in the flash memory of the sensor nodes. The performance of the two protocols was compared and protocol improvements were tested by simulation based on this data. The high signal attenuation by water-containing products was identified as the major problem. One of the two tested protocols was newly developed with a focus on low energy consumption. A simplified link estimator, which required only a minimum number of control messages, detects the correct routing in most cases.


A group of Wistar strain rats were repetitively exposed to a salt aerosol containing small amounts of Po/sup 210/. Tissue distributions and excretion of the radionuclide were determined and compared with those following a single inhalant exposure. The excretony rate following multiple inhalation appears to be 2 to 3 times more rapid than that following a single exposure. Accumulatory rates of organ activity are fairly similar with each exposure regimen but the amount of activity in the organs is larger relative to the postexposure body burden following the repetitive inhalation. The advantages of a multiple inhalant exposure for determining some of the parameters useful in assessing radiological injury are indicated. (auth)


By using Walsh functions to analyze bilinear systems, it is shown that the nonlinear differential system equation can be converted to a linear algebraic generalized Lyapunov equation that can be solved for the coefficients of the state x(t) in terms of the Walsh basis functions. This Lyapunov equation provides an approximate closed-form solution for a bilinear system. Some guidelines are given for selecting the number of terms in the Walsh approximating series. >


Discharge based EUV sources offer a compact and cost effective alternative for metrology and irradiation applications. The concept allows efficient generation of radiation in the soft x-ray to extreme ultraviolet spectral range. Such sources are commercially available and are being used in the environment of EUV lithography development, e.g., for optics lifetime experiments and mask inspection as well as resist or pellicle development.


The utility model discloses a heating device of oil product storage tank, which comprises a storage tank body and a heater. The heating device of oil product storage tank is characterized in that the heater is installed on the lower portion of the outside wall of the storage tank body and is communicated with the storage tank body, and the storage tank body is connected with a flange of the heater. The heating device can change integral heating into local heating, intensifies the heat exchange effect, and greatly improves the heat exchange efficiency.


The ability to produce large-grain REBCO (RE=Y, Rare Earth) bulk superconductors by melt texturing growth has been improved and refined significantly over the last 20 years. Magnetic bearings, transportation systems, and scientific instrumentation are becoming major innovations of HTS bulk materials. Large grain production is dominated by cold top-seeding melt growth (TSMG). For material optimizing we demonstrate strictly application-oriented fabrication close to the final geometry and thus reducing mechanical machining and assembling work. YBCO hollow cylinder design for journal bearings with radial c axes orientation are obtained by radial-seeding geometry (RSMG). YBCO ring tiles up 120 mm show a perfect cylinder geometry with in-wall a, b orientation and radial c axes. We report improved electric and mechanical bulk properties and demonstrate great production effectiveness. For achieving high field permanent magnets up to 10 T we compare YBCO bulk and ring geometry. Top/bottom double seeded melt growth (DSMG) grain samples provide better magnetic flux trapping capability and show more homogenous properties.


Aim: Demonstrate that from the numerous methods of detecting explosive materials, ion-mobility spectrometry can be one of the most effective approaches for use in laboratory and field conditions. Methodology: During research performed and recorded ion mobility spectra (drift time spectrum) with the aid of a spectrometer and conducted an effectiveness analysis of explosive material identification based on a series of performed measurements. Results: A critical analysis of contemporary techniques for detecting explosive materials included: electrochemical methods, chemiluminescent, optical, optoelectronic, biochemical and methods based on terahertz imaging. Special attention was devoted to ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) and to the testing of effectiveness of the IMS analytical technique in the detection of explosive materials. Conclusions: Threats associated with the potential use of explosives by groups endangering public security e.g. terrorist organizations, culminate in a search for effective ways to counteract such hazards. A solution may lie in a broad application of techniques, which facilitate 1 Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna, Warszawa; email@example.com; /Military University of Technology in Warsaw, Poland; BiTP Vol. 39 Issue 3, 2015, pp. 149–159 DOI:10.12845/bitp.39.3.2015.13 150 TECHNIKA I TECHNOLOGIA quick detection of explosive materials in public areas. The task is not straightforward because in practice one may encounter the use of numerous materials and detonation systems, including Improvised Explosive Devices (IED). The explosives used may come from various sources. Apart from traditional explosives, materials used in mining as well as mixtures of generally available chemical substances may be used. Analytical chemistry techniques, for use in the detection of explosive materials are effective, mainly in laboratory conditions, because, in essence, the techniques make use of stationery measuring equipment. Ion Mobility Spectrometry is the most universal method. Because of its characteristics; chemical ionisation under atmospheric pressure and simplification of construction, provides a potential for application in diverse conditions.


Myth: Knowledge of language is present at birth. It is encoded in the microcircuitry of the human brain. This allows children to learn language without parents (or anybody else) trying to teach them, or correcting their mistakes (e.g ., I sitted down, versus I sat down ). Language is therefore an instinct, emerging naturally, rather than being learned by imitation, for instance; a minimum of exposure to the sounds and words of a specific language is sufficient for a language to grow in a speaker's mind . Children come into the world biologically prepared for language – from speech-production apparatus, to information-processing capacity, human infants are neurobiologically equipped to acquire spoken language in a way no other species is. And, although there are precursors of language evident in the communication systems of other animals, human language is qualitatively different from other non-human systems of communication in a number of ways, as I pointed out in Chapter 2.


This paper describes the effect of stocking density and bait density on the growth and survival of juvenile Lateolabrax japonicus by the method of orthogonal design. Groups of juvenile Lateolabrax japonicus and bait (artemia nauplii) were separately reared at five different densities (stocking density of juvenile Lateolabrax japonicus: 5,10,15,20,25 ind/ L; densities of prey: 250~1 125,500~2 250,1 000~4 500,2 000~9 000,4 000~18 000 ind/L) for 30 days.The results show that the treatment density of prey had a significant effect on growth rates and survival rates over the experimental period. growth rates and survival rates of juvenile Lateolabrax japonicus held an increamental trend as the density of prey increased from 250~1 125 ind/L up to 2 000~9 000 ind/L,and went the density of prey increased to 4 000~18 000 ind/L the growth rates and survival rates of fish was suppressed.Fish held at higher stocking density showed lower growth rates and survival rates than fish held at lower stocking density.But variance analysis of the experimental results showed that the stocking density of fish had not significant effect on growth rates and survival rates.It is considered that 15~20 ind/L in stocking density and 2 000~9 000 ind/L in bait density may be suitable in culturing juvenile Lateolabrax japonicus.


In Kate Chopin's "D sir e's Baby",there is a nameless woman who hardly attracts readers' attention. She never presents herself in the scene of the story, and the author's mentioning her seems only to enhance the dramatics of the ending of the story. But if it is read in a new perspective, this nameless woman can become a key figure who plays an important role of subversion. In a sense, she subverts the whole story and adds to it some unexpected meaning; above all, she subverts L'Abri, the life of her beloved son, and the dominant power relations in American society. The subversive power she has derives from the distorted race-gender situation of the time. Thus it is important to historically contextualize the story in order to reach a more insightful understanding of its meaning.


The study aims to observe the critical success factors (CSFs) of the technology transfer (TT) process within a developing country context. Based on a literature review, a list of 15 CSFs is created. Then, these CSFs are examined empirically in the context of technologies transferred into the health sector in Bangladesh. The study uses data collected from 35 experts and adopts two techniques, namely interpretive structural modelling (ISM) and DEcision MAking Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL), in order to understand the causal relationships among CSFs that have influenced TT. The findings show that among the studied factors, 'Management Support', 'Strategy and Goal' and 'Government Regulation' has the most significant impact on the success of TT implementation in the Bangladesh health sector. The paper is one of the rare studies in technology management literature by brings together ISM and DEMATEL techniques as well as offering an empirical study carried out in the health sector of a developing country context. The findings will enable TT practitioners to select the most appropriate CSFs for successful TT in context to developing countries. The paper ends with a summary and put forward suggestions for future studies.


Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is a frequent disease which occurs in the female genital tract, being very often misdiagnosed or mistreated. PID and its complications, such as infertility, ectopic pregnancy or pelvic chronic pain, can be prevented through a screening of the sexually transmitted infections for the sexually active, non-symptomatic individuals who are at risk of developing these infections or through an efficient treatment for the females affected by PID.


In Malaysia, peat, add' sulfate soils, soil on sandy beach deposits, saline soils and soils on ultrabasic rocks are commonly referred to as problem soils. These soils are being actively studied to optimize their utilization and productivity for suitable crop establishment. This report will only deal with the distribution, characterization and utilization of peat, acid sulfate soil and sandy beach deposits, as these soils constitute the major portion of the problem soils in Malaysia.


ABSTRACT
We reported a 73-year-old man who was diagnosed with the recurrence of bladder tumor received 177Lu-FAP-2286 treatment. Encouragingly, radiological remission and alleviation of his symptom were noted. In addition, the patient did not have any adverse effects.


The stock market can reflect the economy of a country. The movement of the stock market index may imply the economic condition in general. The 1997 Asian Financial Crisis and the 2008 Global Economic Crisis are examples of share depressions that impacted countries' inflation, unemployment rates and gross national product (GNP). This study investigates how oil and gold prices impact the stock exchange using a linear vector error correction model (VECM) and a Markov switching vector error correction model (MS-VECM). The results show that oil and gold prices affect the stock market returns for the four selected countries, namely Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand and Indonesia. The MS-VECM is able to capture every change in the transition probabilities of the financial time series data and is more reliable than the linear VECM for examining the effect of oil and gold prices on the stock market.


In the present paper geometric properties are investigated for a hyperbolic octahedron having rororo-symmetry.Trigonometrical identities connecting lengths ofedges and dihedral angles ofthe polyhedron under consideration are obtained (the sine-tangent theorem). It gives the key to express lengths through dihedral angles. Further, we find the volume of the octahedron in very important geometrical cases by making use the Schlafli formula.


The necessity of functioning of the automatic systems of control of the condition of the electric power system (EPS) with consideration of sensitivity is presented. It is advisable to carry out optimal control of the system conditions by introducing control parameters into the optimality (insensitivity) area. The permissible range of deviation of the control parameters from their optimal values is defined by the solution of the direct and indirect sensitivity tasks. The direct and indirect sensitivity tasks can and should be solved in relative units using similarity theory methods. It is shown that in this case the limits of the permissible optimality range are determined analytically. Comparing the allowable values of the optimality of individual control parameters, it is possible to rank them and set the appropriate order and intensity of their actions. This makes it possible to compensate for disturbances in the EPS in the most rational way with the least amount of optimizing influences.


Samples of La1 – xCaxMn1 – zO3 + δ (x = 0.05–0.15) with deficient manganese and excess oxygen δ do not pass into a metallic state and have low spin ordering temperatures TC at acceptor Mn 4+ concentra tions near the percolation threshold. These results are explained by carrier localization in clusters near cation vacancies. A break in the carrier transport chain Mn–O–Mn in the form of absent manganese favors cluster formation and decreases the double exchange energy and TC of the samples. Closeness to the percolation threshold results in strong (more than four orders of magnitude) changes in the electrical resistivity in a mag netic field. The changes in the cluster sizes with the temperature and the magnetic field that are determined from the magnetotransport properties are satisfactorily described in the model of phase separation into small radius metallic droplets in a dielectric paramagnetic and an antiferromagnetic matrices. DOI: 10.1134/S1063776113010172 ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF SOLID


Male secondary characters and, especially, female characters, constitute the means by which Lucanus gives fundament and strength to the Caesar's image he wants to offer as an example of lust, squandering, dishonesty and of all the remaining dark forces that threatened the Urbs Aeterna, and to Pompeius' image as champion of freedom and mirror of traditional Roman virtues, which to the poet, as to Ennius, constituted the sustenance of Rome's greatness.


METAGENE, a simulation tool based on finite loci approaches: new developments to consider phenotypic plasticity in forest tree breeding. Final Conference Noveltree project "Tree Breeding, Genomics and Evolutionary Biology"


We study the effects of a series of post-deposition ligand treatments on the photoluminescence (PL) of polycrystalline methylammonium lead triiodide perovskite thin films. We show that a variety of Lewis bases can improve the bulk PL quantum efficiency (PLQE) and extend the average PL lifetime, ⟨τ⟩, with large enhancements concentrated at grain boundaries. Notably, we demonstrate thin-film PLQE as high as 35 ± 1% and ⟨τ⟩ as long as 8.82 ± 0.03 μs at solar equivalent carrier densities using tri-n-octylphosphine oxide-treated films. Using glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we show that the ligands are incorporated primarily at the film surface and are acting as electron donors. These results indicate it is possible to obtain thin-film PL lifetime and PLQE values that are comparable to those from single crystals by control over surface chemistry.


English (4),' algebra (4), ancient history (3), botany (3), and Latin (4) or German (4). Last year ancient history was taken out and a course in elementary science substituted for botany. The three hours formerly given to ancient history were divided among English, algebra, and Latin or German, one period to each. The essential difference between this and the remaining four periods consists in the one restriction that no assignment of lessons is to be made, no preparation required of the pupils. One night in the week-the night before this special lesson-the pupils are to be relieved of this one study and to feel free to devote their entire time to other branches. But while the assignment or non-assignment of work is the original difference, a more important one has arisen, due to the possible methods of disposing of this period, In consequence, it has been variously called the conducted-study period, the conference period, and the unassigned-lesson period. The purpose of this period is threefold: first, to relieve the pupils in the first year from the severe pressure caused by a too heavy schedule, and to enable them to strengthen the courses which they do carry; second, to enable the teacher, by a judicious investment of this free time at his disposal, to inculcate at the beginning right habits of thinking, to develop proper methods of attacking a new topic, and to secure careful and accurate reviews of previously acquired knowledge; third, to afford opportunity for special and individual help in the case of pupils, naturally weak or temporarily disabled through absence or sickness, who need a greater amount of attention than the average of the class.


This paper discusses numerical experiments by the fast computation method of hydraulic robot dynamics. This paper shows a new proposed model with a special nondmensional representation which is based on the proposed model. The four methods are compared with each other with respect to computation time.


A view on the role of doctors coats in spreading and preventing nosocomial infections has been presented. Although traditionally a big attention is put on wearing white coats by ward staff, in many instances it's protective effect is overestimated, while other factors may be of importance.


Title of Thesis MEDICAL STUDENTS' BELIEFS TOWARDS SCREENING FOR INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE: A QUALITATIVE STUDY Oluwatoni Aluko Master of Public Health, 2012 Directed By Dr. Kenneth H. Beck, Professor Department of Behavioral and Community Health Researchers have found that medical students receiving training on intimate partner violence (IPV) report greater comfort with screening for IPV, and improved IPV interviewing skills than their counterparts. However, more information is needed about medical students' intention to screen, and beliefs towards screening for IPV. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to qualitatively assess these beliefs by conducting semistructured interviews with medical students (N=15) using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) as theoretical frameworks for the interview instrument. Most students felt that screening for IPV could help to identify victims, but also offend patients. Reported barriers included time, while reported facilitators included receiving IPV training. Interviewees identified physicians as both supporters and non-supporters of IPV screening. Behavioral intention scores ranged from 17 to 50. Findings from the study can help inform the IPV training needs of medical students. MEDICAL STUDENTS' BELIEFS TOWARDS SCREENING FOR INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE: A QUALITATIVE STUDY


. We build representations of the affine and double affine braid groups and Hecke algebras of type C ∨ C n , based upon the theory of quan- tum symmetric pairs ( U , B ). In the case U = U q ( gl N ), our constructions provide a quantization of the representations constructed by Etingof, Freund and Ma in [EFM], and also a type C ∨ C n generalization of the results in [J].


In service industries, hierarchical loyalty programs are common relationship marketing instruments that award elevated status to customers who exceed a certain spending level (e.g., gold membership). In practice, service companies offer elevated status to some customers who do not meet the required spending level, in an attempt to profit from the profound allure of status. Relying on social psychology research and a mixed-method approach, this study analyzes the loyalty impact of status endowments, defined as awards of elevated status to customers who are not entitled to it. An exploratory qualitative study identifies customer gratitude and customer skepticism as positive and negative mediators, respectively, of customers' attitudinal responses to endowed status. Quantitative studies—two experimental and one survey—substantiate these bright and dark sides of endowed status. The efficacy of status endowment is contingent on the context. To alleviate the dark-side effect, managers can allow target customers to actively choose whether to be endowed, especially those who are close to achieving the status already, and provide valuable preferential treatment to customers elevated by either endowment or achievement. These insights offer guidelines for whether and how to use status endowment in hierarchical loyalty programs.


For the first time the synthesis of covalently linked very water-soluble chiral perylenediimides (PDIs) is presented. The PDIs carry the amino acids alanine or lysine as imide substituents, respectively, which are coupled to Newkome-type dendrimers acting as hydrophilic groups. The tert-butyl-protected precursors 5 as well as its water-soluble free acid compounds 6 were investigated by absorption, fluorescence and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Except for the sterically most crowded 2nd generation alanine compounds 5f and 6f all chiral dyes show bisignate CD effects which indicate helical aggregation. The 1st generation alanine compound 6b shows the greatest CD effects in buffer solution and its aggregation behaviour was also directly proven by the use of cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, the formation of chiral superstructures of 6b was found to be pH- and concentration-dependent. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)


The law enforcement of the urban management is a microcosm of social management. The law enforcement by urban management agencies in the risky society has long been situated in the volcanic crater of social conflicts,which mixes together almost all the conflict nodes and contacts of policies and laws,and also is an epitome or a portrayal of interest fight and contradictions between government officials and the public. The urban management law enforcement is entangled among policies and laws,puzzled in balancing the city image and civil service,and lost in the conflicts among the officials' performance and the livelihoods of the unprivileged populace. As a result,the key node of urban management has become the ignition point of social contradictions. The comprehensive breakthrough of the predicament in urban management relies on the compression of administrative space in policy conflicts,the system innovation in the prediction of policy conflict,the democratic participation in the process of policy making,and integration and optimization of public policy resource.


Natural amorphous photonic crystals benefit from reflectance at selective wavelengths in some specific existing natural systems. Non-iridescence from natural organisms has also attracted great interest for various examples in bionic colors, pigments and paintings. Here, Air@C@TiO2 sphere was obtained by the first calcination of PS@TiO2 core-shell nanoparticles (NPs) in nitrogen to make sure the integrity of the shell structure and followed a low-temperature calcination to obtain appropriate color saturation. We demonstrate that compared with prepared colored PS@TiO2/CB pigments, angle independent hollow Air@C@TiO2 nanoparticles own an enhanced color stability under the action of in situ synthesized carbon black (CB). Our results suggest that these Air@C@TiO2 spheres are easy to change the color by adjusting sphere structure size, which have the potential to show visual signaling.


This study aims at identifying the impact of SCAMPER and Baron `s models on the development of English Language critical thinking. The sample consisted of (112) of the 10th grader's students at Asma Bent Abi Baker secondary school (ABAB) in the first educational directorate of Amman, the capital. The current study used the semi-experimental method to apply both models on two experimental groups and one control group. The study instruments developed according to SCAMPER, teaching thinking model , to be applied on the first experimental group of (36) students ; and Baron , good thinker model , to be applied on the second experimental groups of (38) students ; whilst the control group of (38) students taught by the conventional teaching method .All experiments separately conducted using the designed critical thinking skills, test, which evaluates the English language skills of (interpretation, inference and deduction) against the SCAMPER and Baron `s techniques based on the content of the first two units in the first term of 10th grader's English curriculum . The results showed that there are slight statistically significant differences between the experimental groups, SCAMPER's group and Baron `s, in favor of SCAMPER; however, there was a considerable significant difference when compared with the control group. This ensures the effectiveness of applying both models on developing critical thinking skills among 10th students with the superiority of the SCAMPER model. Finally, the current study recommends conducting future studies to investigate the impact of SCAMPER and Baron techniques.


DHT-based structured P2P networks have difficulties in supporting complex queries due to the use of hashing. A work around is to use flooding, as in unstructured P2P networks, to disseminate the queries. The question is how to reach a sufficient number of nodes so that the query may be answered. A k-node scoped broadcast is a broadcast operation that reaches at least k nodes. It can be controlled by setting an appropriate TTL value. Because of the dynamic nature of P2P networks, the TTL value must be chosen carefully to reach at least k nodes while keeping the number of messages to a minimum. In this paper, we investigate ways of performing k-node scoped broadcast in DHT-based P2P networks. We evaluate our approaches through simulations.


A nearly pole‐to‐pole survey near 140°E longitude on Europa revealed many areas that exhibit past lateral surface motions, and these areas were examined to determine whether the motions can be described by systems of rigid plates moving across Europa's surface. Three areas showing plate‐like behavior were examined in detail to determine the sequence of events that deformed the surface. All three areas were reconstructed to reveal the original pre‐plate motion surfaces by performing multi‐stage rotations of plates in spherical coordinates. Several motions observed along single plate boundaries were also noted in previous works, but this work links together isolated observations of lateral offsets into integrated systems of moving plates. Not all of the surveyed surface could be described by systems of rigid plates. There is evidence that the plate motions did not all happen at the same time, and that they are not happening today. We conclude that plate tectonic‐like behavior on Europa occurs episodically, in limited regions, with less than 100 km of lateral motion accommodated along any particular boundary before plate motions cease. Europa may represent a world perched on the theoretical boundary between stagnant and mobile lid convective behavior, or it may represent an additional example of the wide variations in possible planetary convective regimes. Differences in observed strike‐slip sense and plate rotation directions between the northern and southern hemispheres raise the question of whether tidal forces may influence plate motions.


O peration Research (OR) is one of the popular managerial decision science tools used by profit and non-profit organizations. Operation research has gained significance in applications like world-class Manufacturing systems lean production quality management and so on..The growth of global markets and the resulting increase in managerial skills is ability to allocate and utilize resources appropriately environment, decision based on intuition with minimal quantitative basis may be reasonably acceptable and practical in achieving the goal of the organization. Present paper is an attempt to study the importance of Operation Research and various techniques used to improve the operational efficiency of the organization.


While Deleuze and Guattari's passion for certain literature is well known, the nature of a 'Deleuzian' literary criticism remains an open question. However, most critics appear to agree that Deleuze and Guattari's comments on meaning and interpretation offer an ontological alternative to the textual focus of deconstruction. Through an interrogation of the difficult style of their books in relation to Plato, Nietzsche and Derrida, this paper offers a different reading of Deleuze and Guattari in relation to literary criticism. Despite appearances, transcendental empiricism and the project of 'overturning Platonism' provide a Deleuzian theory of reading that attends to textuality.


Abstract We demonstrate the reconstruction of theWigner function from marginal distributions of the motion of a single trapped particle using homodyne detection. We show that it is possible to generate quantum states of levitated optomechanical systems even under the efect of continuous measurement by the trapping laser light. We describe the opto-mechanical coupling for the case of the particle trapped by a free-space focused laser beam, explicitly for the case without an optical cavity. We use the scheme to reconstruct the Wigner function of experimental data in perfect agreement with the expected Gaussian distribution of a thermal state of motion. This opens a route for quantum state preparation in levitated optomechanics.


The optical absorption edges and the dispersion behaviour of the refractive index have been determined as a function of composition x for thin films of a-SiNx(:H), prepared (i) by glow-discharge decomposition of a gaseous mixture of silane and ammonia and (ii) by radio-frequency sputtering of silicon in an argon-nitrogen(-hydrogen) atmosphere. The data for films with and without hydrogen have been used to evaluate certain characteristic energies and these are then related to other experimental results, in particular those from photo-emission measurements.


Effects of the contrast agent, acetic acid, on mammalian cells are studied using light scattering measurements, viability and fluorescence pH assays. Results depend on whether cells are in PBS or are live and metabolizing.


This article explains the causes of poor indoor air quality,analyses the damage that is possibly caused by the IAQ to our health,and sets forth some feasible ways of improving the indoor air quality.


samples, porosity and permeability were measured and mercury was injected into the samples with pressure The quality of reservoir rock is determined by ranging 3 to 2000 psi. Pore size, pore distribution reservoir rock characteristics influenced by pore size, and drainage efficiency can be determined by means pore distribution and drainage efficiency.


Introduction: Adolescence is a significant period in the life of a woman. Menstruation is a naturally occurring physiological phenomenon in adolescent girls and premenopausal women. Menstrual hygiene and management is an insufficiently acknowledged issue and has not received adequate attention. The lack of menstrual hygiene among rural population is alarming, and there is a need for policy-making and awareness programs to be initiated.
Aim: Hence the present study was aimed to compare the status of menstrual hygiene among rural and urban adolescent girls. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among 250 adolescent girls (rural & urban), aged between 13 to 19 years residing the in field practice area of IIMSR Medical College, Badnapur, Jalna. Data was analyzed by using MS
Excel 2010.
Results: Out of 250 participants, 48.8% girls from rural area and 51.2% from urban area. The mean age of the menarche was
12.3 ± 1.4 and 12.34 ± 1.43 in rural and urban girls, respectively. Knowledge of menstruation prior to menarche was found to be less in rural girls compared with urban girls. Regarding menstrual hygiene practices during menstruation, out of the total girls residing in rural area 49.18% girl and out of the total girls residing in urban area 62.5% girls were using sanitary pads. Restriction during menstruation was observed more in rural girls than in urban areas.
Conclusion: More awareness regarding menarche and menstruation was among urban girls than. Hygienic practices observed by girls were also more satisfactory in the urban area as compared with rural ones.


The Multimedia Broadcast / Multicast Service control device according to the user's location are disclosed. Multimedia Broadcast / Multicast Service control device according to the user location, receiving a multicast control channel information, and by using the received multicast control channel information, and periodically updated to the mobile terminal services available list, the when requested to provide a non-contained service on the service list, when registering the requested service in the open list, the mobile terminal reaches the position that can provide the service registered in the pending list, the pending list to provide a service registration. MBMS, user location, service list, open list, PMCH


: Electron beam lithography (EBL) is one of the few "top-down" methods and EBL is becoming increasingly widespread in R&D and small volume production due to its flexibility and mask-less nature, very high (sub-10 nm) resolution and accuracy and in many cases EBL is the only possible alternative. In this paper, obtained experimental and simulation results for EBL nano-patterning using the high-resolution electron beam resist Hydrogen Silsesquioxane (HSQ) are presented and discussed. The influence of EBL process parameters such as exposure dose, resist thickness and development process conditions on the obtained developed images is studied. The applied simulation tool for the resists' characteristics evaluation is suitable for a precise control of obtained image dimensions in the resist applied as a masking layer for nano-patterning. This investigation and simulation of the characteristics of the studied e-beam resist aim to improve the resolution of the nano-dimensioned electron beam lithography and results for nano-lithography applications are also presented. for the production of nanostructures in R&D, for prototyping, production of photomask and imprint mold. Application range is wide, i.e. the development of sensors, nanophotonic devices, high frequency electronics, spintronics, molecular electronics, Bit-patterned media, quantum dots, nanowires, nanomechanical devices, etc.


We present here the iteration procedure for the determination of free energy ǫ 2 -expansion using the theory of KdV - type equations. In our approach we use the conservation laws for KdV - type equations depending explicitly on times t 1 , t 2 , . . . to find the ǫ 2 -expansion of u ( x, t 1 , t 2 , . . . ) after the infinite number of shifts of u ( x, 0 , 0 , . . . ) ≡ x along t 1 , t 2 , . . . in recurrent form. The formulas for the free energy expansion are just obtained then as a result of quite simple integration procedure applied to u n ( x ). This work is devoted mainly to the calculation of low-dispersion expansions of the solutions of KdV type equations and their using for calculation of Weil-Petersson volumes of moduli spaces. More precisely we obtain a recurrent procedure for the formulas presented in [2] for such expansions and will refer here to the papers [2] and [3] where the more detailed information and references can be found. Our procedure is based on the quasi-classical expansion for Schr¨odinger operator and uses also the times-dependent inte-grals for KdV type equations which, as far as we know, were not mentioned in the previous papers.


A study is made of the requirements on the properties of a beam injected into accelerating sections with a constant equilibrium phase of ..pi../2 and with a constant wave phase velocity, equal to the speed of light. Analytic expressions are derived for the entrance phase-energy distributions for these sections for a given energy spread of the beam at the exit. (AIP)


Randy W. Dipner ACM Membership Survey of Disability and Disability Issues I n an effort to better serve its members, the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) conducted a survey of its membership regarding computing and disability issues. The survey will focus on ACM's efforts to provide special accommodations to its members with disabilities. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of individuals with disabilities in the computing professions. This survey will contribute to the growing body of data that addresses the magnitude of disability among members of the science and engineering industry. This survey will help to determine 1) the percentage of members who have some form of disability, 2) the adequacy of disability accommodations in the workplace, and 3) ACM's need to provide special accommodations for individuals with disabilities. The results of this study will help ACM continue to provide quality service to all its members. In addition, ACM's proactive effort to understand the breadth of disability among its members is setting the pace for other professional organizations. individuals. Additionally, the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) indicates that "some 43 million Americans have one or more physical or mental disabilities, and this number is increasing as the population as a whole is growing older" [5]. The National Science Foundation Task Force on Persons with Disabilities [3] reports that of the 5 million scientists and engineers in the U.S., at least 2% have disabilities. The Task Force also reported that of "experienced" scientists and engineers (i.e., individuals who reported a science or engineering profession), the number of individuals with disabilities ranges from roughly 2% to 16%. The method in which the question of disability is addressed and the definition of disability appears to affect the findings. For example, the Task Force noted that the lower estimate (2%) was obtained when the survey participants were asked if they had a physical disability, and if so, to identify the nature of the disability. The higher estimate was obtained when respondents were asked to indicate the degree of difficulty they had in seeing, hearing, and walking and to what extent those functional limitations impacted their education, employment, and career. A major issue highlighted by the Task Force is the need for accurate data on the existence of disability. The following is an excerpt from the Task Force's report:


There has been paradigm shift in the distance and open learning system all over the world. The major shift has been noticed in the area of focus on the learners, their choice and integration of interactive technologies in the system. The technologies are intensively used in distance teaching-learning process. This paper presents the status and recent developments in distance education in Newzealand and Australia.


We consider F-term hybrid inflation and supersymmetry breaking in the context of a model which largely respects a global U(1) R symmetry. The Kaehler potential parameterizes the Kaehler manifold with an enhanced U(1)x(SU(1,1)/U(1)) symmetry, where the scalar curvature of the second factor is determined by the achievement of a supersymmetry-breaking de Sitter vacuum without ugly tuning. The magnitude of the emergent soft tadpole term for the inflaton can be adjusted in the range (1.2-460) TeV -- increasing with the dimensionality of the representation of the waterfall fields -- so that the inflationary observables are in agreement with the observational requirements. The mass scale of the supersymmetric partners turns out to lie in the region (0.09-253) PeV which is compatible with high-scale supersymmetry and the results of LHC on the Higgs boson mass. The mu parameter can be generated by conveniently applying the Giudice-Masiero mechanism and assures the out-of-equilibrium decay of the R saxion at a low reheat temperature Trh<~163 GeV.


The radial modes 1S0–5S0 axe clearly observable on several long-period seismic records from the 5/23/89 Macquarie Ridge earthquake. Observations of 0S0 are weaker, but stacking demonstrates significant excitation. Calculations suggest that, for spherical-earth models, no simple double couple in the uppermost mantle can explain the excitation amplitudes of 1S0–5S0 relative to 0S0. Calculations suggest that the anomalous amplitudes of 1S0–5S0 can be explained by coupling to other modes induced by plausible levels of deep-earth lateral structure. The coupling of 0S0 is much weaker, and its observed amplitude suggests that roughly 4% of the total moment release inferred from surface wave studies deviated from pure strike-slip geometry. This can be modeled by ⪎8° deviations from λ = 0°, δ = 90° in a simple double-couple point source, or by thrust subevents within the main shock.


Future high performance structural and multifunctional composites may utilize continuous carbon nanotube reinforcements. The nano-scale interactions between carbon nanotubes and epoxy macromolecules in such composites open new areas of research and technology. Tensile mechanical tests and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis are used here for gaining an initial understanding of such interactions and explaining some unusual mechanical properties on the studied nanocomposites.


Bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato)zinc [Zn(TMHD)2] is a relatively uninvestigated precursor that was used in this work to grow highly c-axis-oriented ZnO films on Si(100). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies before and after Ar ion sputtering indicated that surface carbon on several samples was reduced from as much as 34 at.% to much less than 1 at.% within the first 5 nm, indicating very clean Zn(TMHD)_2 precursor decomposition. Microstructural and compositional analysis revealed columnar ZnO grains with domain widths of approximately half the total film thickness and a Zn-to-O atomic percent ratio indicative of stoichometric ZnO.


This study aimed to investigate couple relationship and related variables of women immigrants. Especially, the study focused on curve term between...


The cervical spondylosis is common in the middle-aged and elderly.During the management of cervical spondylosis,joint mobilization is mainly applied in the clinic,which has much benefit to this disorder.This paper summarizes the clinical application in recent years and provides some suggestion to the present existing problems.


In the conditions of the continued growth of multiple- and extensive drug-resistant tuberculosis, use of the new highly effective anti-tuberculosis drugs in this patient category is of great relevance. The aim of the study was determination the efficacy of treatment in patients with multidrug- and extensive drug-resistant tuberculosis using bedaquiline based on studies published in the Russian Federation. Materials and methods: The authors analyzed data published in studies from 2014 to 2022; 41 publications were included in total and 17 articles corresponded to the study design. The results of treatment of 1404 tuberculosis patients with MDR/XDR TB were described. Bedaquiline was used according to the standard scheme with a description of the treatment results after 24–26 weeks. Treatment efficacy was estimated according to accepted criteria. Results of the study: The analysis showed that the treatment efficacy on conversion was achieved in 79.5% of cases (95% Cl 76.5–82.3), and recovery was observed in 82.0% of cases (95% Cl 78.6–85.1). Departure from the therapy was observed in rare cases (9.8%; 95% Cl 7.9–12.2). Deaths were recorded in 6.5% of cases (95% Cl 4.9–8.3), which were associated with the severe disease and concomitant pathology in 74.3%. The development of adverse events was noted in half of the patients (55.7%); however, bedaquiline cancellation occurred in a few cases (7.0%; 95% Cl 3.0–13.0). From analyzing data in patients with MDR and XDR TB, the efficacy of treatment was 89.9% (95% Cl 85.9–93.2) and 71.9% (95% Cl 66.2–77.1), respectively. Conclusion: Use of bedaquiline in treatment makes it possible to achieve recovery of patients with MDR/XDR TB in 82.0% of cases with patients dropping out of treatment in 9.8%. At the same time, in patients with MDR TB, recovery was achieved in 89.9% of cases, while in patients with XDR TB, 71.9% of cases recovered.


Participants and Method : It was a questionnaire based descriptive study conducted during the period of August 2015 till March 2016 . In this study all data was collected by the co-investigators during a period of 15 th august 2015 to 15 th march 2016, 200 patients were selected on the basis of internationally used equations used to calculate the sample size, and in the end data was analyzed by using SPSS 20.0 version. Results : This study shows that most common risk factor associated with diabetic foot disease is neuropathy which forms 61% cases in case of males and 77% cases in case of females, being seconded by smoking among men with a frequency of 43% and high fasting glucose level among women with a frequency of 62%. Also this study shows that that 93% of males knows that they should take medications because they are much prone to the complications while on the other side among females great number of 90% of females knows that they should take medications because they are much prone to the complications. Also this study shows that about 96% of males practices to wash their feet daily with warm water while on the other hand 95% (great number of females) practices to wash their feet daily with warm water. Conclusion : this study shows that there are few most common risk factors associated with Diabetic foot disease, and all of these risk factors can be controlled by maintaining blood glucose level both fasting and random within normal reference range as by doing this we can reduce the risk of Diabetes complications, ultimately we can cut down the frequency of Diabetic foot disease. Also this study shows that our subjects although have much knowledge and also practices few aspects but in general they are lacking in other aspects so by increasing awareness about diabetes and diabetic foot care we can cut down the rate of diabetic foot disease, a great threat to the world. MesH words : Awareness; Foot care; Diabetes; Civil Hospital; KARACHI


At room temperature, Natural gas in its gaseous form is very energy consuming for transportation as well as its use, because of large volume. So, it is compressed to transport through cylinders and expanded again at the point of its distribution/use. Two of the most important factor influencing the energy consumption in compression of gases are the type of compressor control and proper compressor sizing [1]. It is expected that the current work through this paper will create awareness on the potential energy savings in CGD system.


This paper extends a new, informational-based cybernetic conception of the early development of child consciousness. A solution is suggested to the fundamental problem of formulating and creating the optimal cognitive preconditions of successful child-computer interaction. Some negative aspects of using intelligent computer and communications technology at school and in everyday life are analyzed. The concept of the 'Thought-Producing Self' of the child is introduced. A way of realizing the 'Thought-Producing Self' of average 7-9 year olds is outlined. The key idea is the early development of children's symbolic information processing skills. The first element is natural-language-processing abilities. The suggested approach has been successfully used during more than 9 years of teaching more than 360 4-19 year old pupils in languages (mainly English and also Russian), literature, poetry, and art. Underpinning this approach are the Theory of Dynamic Conceptual Mappings (the DCM theory) and the System of Emotional-Imaginative Teaching. The DCM theory is based upon ideas drawn from Artificial Intelligence (mainly), Philosophy of Language, Cognitive Science and Semiotics.


Exploiting the coupling of laser beams to atomic force microscopy probes, both scattering and absorption of mid-infrared radiation (wavelengths of 5 to $11\ \mu \mathrm{m}$) have been measured in the near field region of single patch-antennas, strongly coupled to the intersubband transition of an InGaAs/AlInAs quantum well.


INTRODUCTORY GENETICS Molecular Genetics Formal Genetics Genetic Markers Data Quality LINKAGE ANALYSIS AND FAMILY STUDIES Genetic Map Distances Model Based Linkage Analysis Model Free Linkage Analysis for Binary Traits Model Free Linkage Analysis for Quantitative Traits Family Studies not Involving Genetic Markers ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS Fundamental Concepts of Association Analyses Association Analysis with Unrelated Individuals Family Based Association Analysis Haplotypes GWAs Appendix Solutions References


The article is about the essence of education quality and system features of quality management higher education in the competition context. Competition in the educational market requires choosing science-based objectives and implementation of quality management of the educational process from higher education institutions. An important question any management activities is the use of performance potential and expansion of existing capacity. This determines the quality of educational services and the competitiveness of universities.


Pressure-medium cylinder with a pressure medium of a cylinder housing (1) arranged for generating a mechanical force piston (3), goes off from which a piston rod (4), the sealed penetrates at least one cylinder cover (2), for the positive fixing on the cylinder housing (1 ) of the at least one cylinder cover (2) comprises a partial groove (11b) (with an opposite partial groove 11a) (on the cylinder housing 1) corresponds to form a circumferential mounting groove, in which a worm spring element (12) is inserted, wherein the insertion of the worm spring element (12) from the outer surface (16) is provided for fastening at an angle in the range 0 DEG to 90 DEG with respect to a tangential line (17) extending channel section (18), so that the worm spring element (12) due to its bias by the complete insertion of the curved shape of the attachment bac adapting kfedert.


Our goal in this Bible reflection is to look at Paul's ecclesiology in 1 Corinthians and lift up and explore its profound legacy to the Church's understanding of itself in the context of the dynamics of reconciliation. 1 Corinthians is Paul's fervent attempt to reunite a Church torn apart by factions. In that process the apostle draws upon contemporary political lore and commonplaces to paint what is perhaps the most eloquent call for ecclesial unity in the New Testament. At the same time, his strategy raises significant questions for contemporary Churches about the nature of compromise in the pursuit of concord, the extent of conformity required for unity, and the social and power dynamics involved in such negotiations. This dilemma is not one which Paul himself created, but it is the dilemma inherent in his call for unity in 1 Corinthians, which remains alive and well into this generation and beyond. The reason for this, as Paul understood so well, is that the Church is a social/political body which faces the same conundrum all such bodies face: how to form a unified group from varied, isolated individuals? This fundamental issue of human political theory and practice is also the fundamental issue of Christian practical ecclesiology. Because the focus of 1 Corinthians is internal Church unity, we shall be looking at the phenomenon of reconciliation though that lens. I invite us all to think and imagine how our learnings from this text might apply to wider global, political contexts, and even smaller, personal contexts which require reconciliation.


In this paper we propose the way to improve broadband characteristics of Marchand balun using vertical solenoid coupled transmission lines with a high coupling coefficient k = 0.6. Balun shows the maximum amplitude imbalance of 0.7 dB and the maximum phase imbalance of 6deg in the 0.7 - 3.5 GHz frequency band. Balun has been designed using low temperature cofired ceramic technology (DuPont system 951)


Enzyme-catalysed kinetic resolution and asymmetric dihydroxylation routes to enantiopure cis-diol metabolites of arenes and benzocycloalkenes of either absolute configuration have been developed using appropriate strains of the bacterium Pseudomonas putida.


An efficient pulsed gas-discharge inductive CO2-laser with a radiation energy of 1.05 J has been developed for the first time. In this case, the pulse duration of the laser radiation was about 10 msec. The maximum efficiency of 21.1% was obtained at a radiation energy of 340 mJ. RF current pulses propagated along the inductor conductor and, thus, an inductive discharge was formed to create an inverse population at the infrared (IR) transitions of CO2* molecules. The temporal and energy characteristics of the radiation of the inductive CO2-laser depending on the duration of the pump pulse are investigated. The spatial characteristics and spectrum of the radiation of the developed laser are estimated. The divergence of the laser radiation was 0.52 mrad. The cross-sectional dimension of the laser output beam was about 35 mm in diameter.


Background: Staplers make it possible to create a gastrointestinal anastomosis quickly, easily, and securely. Staplers have undergone several improvements. We herein evaluate the effect of a new stapler with unique surface gripping technology that provides a superior tissue grip without trauma during firing. Methods: Porcine small bowel was used. The stapling devices compared were the ECHELON FLEX with White (E) and GST System White (G). The number of total malformed staples, severely malformed staples, staples malformed to the cutting side, and the absolute value of the degree of malformation were evaluated. Results: The number of malformed staples and the absolute value of the degree of malformation were significantly lower in group G. The number of occurrences of total malformations <0 was greater in group G. Comparing the inner, middle, and outer staple rows, the number of occurrences Original Research Article of malformations were lower on the outer row in group E. Comparing the front, middle, and back parts malformation was lower in the front. Conclusions: We found that a new stapler is superior to a standard stapler with regard to a reliable "B" shape formation of sta staple malformation and the strength of the suture line.


The Goddard Earth Sciences (GES) Distributed Active Archive Center (DAAC) is responsible for the distribution of the Level 1 data, and the higher levels of all Ocean and Atmosphere products (Land products are distributed through the Land Processes (LP) DAAC DAAC, and the Snow and Ice products are distributed though the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) DAAC). Ocean products include sea surface temperature (SST), concentrations of chlorophyll, pigment and coccolithophores, fluorescence, absorptions, and primary productivity. Atmosphere products include aerosols, atmospheric water vapor, clouds and cloud masks, and atmospheric profiles from 20 layers. While most MODIS data products are archived in the Hierarchical Data Format-Earth Observing System (HDF-EOS 2.7) format, the ocean binned products and primary productivity products (Level 4) are in the native HDF4 format. MODIS Level 1 and 2 data are of the Swath type and are packaged in files representing five minutes of Files for Level 3 and 4 are global products at daily, weekly, monthly or yearly resolutions. Apart from the ocean binned and Level 4 products, these are in Grid type, and the maps are in the Cylindrical Equidistant projection with rectangular grid. Terra viewing (scenes of approximately 2000 by 2330 km). MODIS data have several levels of maturity. Most products are released with a provisional level of maturity and only announced as validated after rigorous testing by the MODIS Science Teams. MODIS/Terra Level 1, and all MODIS/Terra 11 micron SST products are announced as validated. At the time of this publication, the MODIS Data Support Team (MDST) is working with the Ocean Science Team toward announcing the validated status of the remainder of MODIS/Terra Ocean products. MODIS/Aqua Level 1 and cloud mask products are released with provisional maturity.


. However, over the past 30 years, a marked change in the epidemiology of esophageal malignancy has been reported in many Western populations. While the frequency of esophageal squamous cell car-cinoma has remained relatively stable, inci-dence rates for primary esophageal adeno-carcinoma (EADC) and adenocarcinomas involving the esophagogastric junction (cardia) have increased steadily, exceeding that of any other human solid tumor


The problem of oral health in the last five years increased by five years, by 25,9% to 57.6% of the total population of Indonesia. BPJS is a government health service facility that provides various dental health services. Community participation in the Health BPJS is critical to guarantee the right to obtain a healthy life. This study aims to determine the relationship between understanding and compliance with the obligations and rights of BPJS Health participants to the use of dental health services. The method in this study was observational with a cross-sectional design. The research sample was 117 people. Data were analyzed using a statistical application program consisting of a single univariate analysis, presented in the form of a frequency distribution and then described as well as a bivariate analysis to see the relationship of understanding and compliance regarding the obligations and rights of BPJS Health participants to the utilization of dental health services using the statistical test Spearman Rank. The results showed a significant relationship between the level of understanding and compliance regarding the obligations and rights of BPJS health participants, with p-value = 0,000 for the aspect of the level of understanding and p-value = 0.017 for the aspect of the level of compliance. It is recommended that the community further improve the level of understanding and compliance related to the obligations and rights of the health BPJS participants so that they can efficiently utilize the available health services.


The objective of the present study was to characterize the scientific production regarding the factors that influence broiler chicken production, and that were published from 2000 to 2015 in journals indexed in the database of Google Scholar, Scielo, and ScienceDirect. The research was done in the Thermal Comfort Laboratory at FEAGRIUNICAMP, and the concept of the systematic review was applied. The research criterion was initially defined (the keywords) aiming to identify and evaluate the variables that describe the experimental characteristics and the animals. The primary keywords identified were: broiler chicken from commercial strains, broiler production, rearing conditions, thermal environment, air quality, acoustic environment, light intensity, management, and heat stress. Those were the key words searched in the database of the online libraries. The selected articles were registered into an electronic spreadsheet with the title, the name of the authors, year of publication, language, the journal where it was published, the keyword, the period when the research was done, source/ database, and the abstract. A total of 167 articles were selected, and only 34 were added to the review. The use of the systematic review of the literature allowed identifying the main variables that positively influence the broiler performance, such as the temperature near the thermal comfort, the use of roof lining, besides the use of adiabatic cooling and cast bricks in the laterals. The presence of positive ventilation, as well as the use of yellow curtains and constant lighting, has also influenced a better performance to broilers.


A veterinarian and parasitologist who travelled widely and became an expert on tropical diseases of animals. His work directly helped to improve the lives of animals and people in developing countries.


Abstract The U.S. public health response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been widely criticized as having downplayed the potential implications COVID-19 could have on one's personal health. Despite the unprecedented threat of COVID-19, many individuals still believed that it was not at all likely that they would become infected. We sought to investigate trends in adults' perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 over the first year of the pandemic, whether distinct trajectories emerged, and if these trajectories differed by participant socio-demographic characteristics. This was a longitudinal cohort study with 5 time points of data collection (March 13, 2020–March 3, 2021). Subjects included 627 adults living with ≥1 chronic conditions, who completed a baseline interview and at least one follow-up interview. In addition to collecting relevant socio-demographic characteristics, participants' perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 across time was assessed and classified into distinct trajectories. Nearly two-thirds (62.2%) of participants perceived themselves to be highly susceptible to COVID-19 from the onset of the pandemic ("early responders") and sustained this over a year, a third (29.0%) eventually perceived themselves to be highly susceptible ("late responders"), and 8.8% maintained a low likelihood of susceptibility throughout the pandemic ("non-responders"). In multivariable analyses, compared to White participants, Latinx participants were significantly more likely to be non-responders and report low likelihood of perceived susceptibility (Risk Ratio [RR]: 3.46; 95% confidence interval: 1.19, 10.1), as were Black participants (RR: 5.49; 95% confidence interval: 2.19, 13.8). A year into the COVID-19 pandemic, 1 out of 11 participants persistently did not think they might be susceptible and potentially infected. Future studies are needed to understand reasons why certain individuals, particularly those of racial/ethnic minorities, did not perceive themselves at risk for infection.


The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing the thermally galvanized steel, hot galvanized steel mainly to solve the conventional process for producing cold-rolled substrate, resulting in high production cost of the technical problem. Method comprising: a thickness of 1.5 ~ 3.5mm original hot rolled sheets were pickled, horizontal continuous annealing furnace heating, hot galvanized, air cooled to room temperature after plating, fingerprint-resistant coating film, the step of coiling the finished product obtained, wherein said wrinkle-free unwinding roller using the acid washing step, acid elongation level from 0.6% to 1.4%; horizontal continuous annealing furnace of the heating step is controlled to increase the temperature of the fire 585 ℃ ~ 600 ℃; the hot dip step aluminum zinc aluminum zinc bath temperature is controlled to 590 ℃ ~ 600 ℃, the steel sheet is controlled to 60m / min ~ 68m / min by the speed of the zinc pot. The present invention is mainly used in electrical cabinets.


An in-house direct numerical simulation (DNS) code SBLI has been developed and used extensively for high-performance computation (HPC) of transitional and turbulent flows, most related to shock/boundary-layer interaction problems. The code has also proved to be very adaptable with its variants being used for a wide range of turbulent flows, including transonic cavity flows, turbulent spot interactions and separation bubbles on an airfoil at incidence. Recently the code has been re-engineered to include modern software engineering techniques that allows it to achieve better parallel scalability on various HPC platforms.


The main objective of the paper is to devise and implement the algorithmic solution of problem of optimal location of set of facilities so that all demands of customers will be satisfied and the relevant costs of creating and maintenance of facilities are minimal. This optimization task can be modelled by capacitated facility location problem, which is the special class of integer linear programming problems. The output parameters of solution of such problems are the number of facilities actually used, the location of facilities and the assignment of individual customers to the concrete facility from the optimal set of facilities. When a distribution system is to be designed, limits on terminal capability often must be taken into account. The capacity constraints in this case and also in other problems dealing with facility locations cause the severe difficulties in exact solving procedures because the underlying mathematical models are NP-hard. One possible approach is approximate method based on Lagrangean relaxation of the capacity constraints, which has several advantageous properties. In capacitated location problems, the capacity of a facility as an upper limit of its ability to satisfy a given volume of demands cannot be precisely determined in most of practical applications. This circumstance evokes an idea to employ fuzzy approach for handling of the capacities and to utilize suggests an idea the fuzzy description in capacity constraint relaxation. The relaxed problem is exactly solvable even for real-world instances. It has been used in the heuristic method exploring the concept of measure of infeasibility.


With the microprocessor performance becomes more and more high,the processor package become a critical issue in processor applications.A high-quality package can not only protect processor IC from electrostatic interference,moisture environment,but also transform the heat to outside air generated by processor.This paper proposes a package solution to Loongson3A processor.It analyzes the requirement of Loongson3A and chooses FC-BGA1121 package for Loongson3A to solve the heat dissipation issue.


In MLED curved backlight products, studying the film layer, component peeling and failure of MLED light plates is an important research point. In this paper, simulation analysis and actual testing were conducted to address the question of whether the internal stress caused by the bending of MLED light plates would lead to LED failure. According to the simulation results, when the curvature radius of the light board is less than R630mm, the LED will be peeled off due to the internal stress caused by bending. Meanwhile, based on the simulation and test results, the applicable curvature radius range of the glass‐based MLED light board was derived and an improvement scheme for the longitudinal alignment of LEDs was proposed. In addition, reliability tests (temperature 60°C, humidity 90, 1000h) were conducted to test the cumulative effect of the internal stresses generated at the LED solder pin positions in the time axis under different radii of curvature. The results showed that no LED peeling and failure occurred in all cases, which verified that it is feasible to make curved products with Glass‐based MLED light board.


List of Contributors. Preface. Biodiversity (Kevin J Gaston). Extinction (Stuart L Pimm). Introductions (H Charles J Godfray and Michael J Crawley). Pollutants and pesticides (Ian Newton). Sustainable and unsustainable exploitation (William J Sutherland and John D Reynolds). Small and declining populations (Daniel Simberloff). Metapopulation, source--sink and disturbance dynamics (Martha F Hoopes and Susan Harrison). Implications of historical ecology for conservation (Oliver Rackham). Selecting areas for conservation (Colin J Bibby). Managing habitats and species (William J Sutherland). Economics of nature conservation (Nick Hanley). Conservation education (Susan K Jacobson and Mallory D McDuff). Conservation policy and politics (Graham Wynne). Conservation and development (William M Adams). References. Index


Plants are in constant communication with a multitude of diverse organisms. Some symbioses, such as the association of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and mycorrhizal fungi with plant roots, are beneficial to the plant. Others, such as the interaction of plants with viral, microbial, fungal, and nematode


Event synopsis: Focusing on South America, this interdisciplinary symposium aims to foster discussion on the multiple ways of ordering, representing and 'othering' nature and society within different experiences of colonial encounters.


The article reviews the exhibition "If You Lived Here, You'd Be Home By Now" at the Hessel Museum of Art in Hudson, New York from June 25 to December 16, 2013.


Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the ethical values of dental hygiene students and set up the way of ethic educationin educational course. Methods: The subjects in this study were 948 students in four colleges located in the metropolitan area, on whom a survey was conducted. Results : 1. Regarding values of human life, they got a mean of 3.01, which showed that they sort of took a deontological view. 2. As to values of dental hygiene duties, they got a mean of 3.62, which indicated that they took a deontological view. 3. Concerning values of clients, they got a mean of 3.22, which implied that they took a deontological view. 4. As for values of collaborators, they got a mean of 3.90, which denoted that they took a very deontological view. 5. In regard to correlation among each part of their ethical values, there was a very significant correlation between their views of dental hygiene duties and human life, and between their views of clients and collaborators(p


Objective To investigate the influence of intraoperative blood cell salvage on erythrocyte immunity and the expression of CD35 and CD58. Methods Sixteen patients undergoing total hip replacement or artificial femoral head arthroplasty were chosen. Blood (5 ml) was collected from operation field and from cell saver, respectively to measure rosette rate of RBC · C3b receptor (RCR) and immune complex rosette rate of red cell (RICR). The expression of CD35 and CD58 on erythrocytes was detected with flow cytometer. Results Both RCR and RICR from cell saver, and the expression of CD35 and CD58 on erythrocytes from cell saver were significantly lower than those from operation field. Conclusion Intraoperative salvage of blood cells inhibits the erythrocyte immunity, which may be related to the inhibition of CD35 and CD58 expression on erythrocytes.

Key words:
blood salvage;  erythrocyte immunity;  CD35 ;  CD58


FIELD: physics. SUBSTANCE: methods of formula calculation of mat, polished, pure tints used to evaluate proportion of flatting agents in formula without necessity to perform actual calculation of composition formula based on common spectrophotometric characteristics of mat sample using standardised measurement geometry 45°/0° in combination with established gloss measurement, or, alternatively using spectrophotometer provided with geometry measurement d/8° and analysing indications taken with included and excluded reflecting component. EFFECT: precise results without additional tinting stages. 10 cl, 8 dwg, 2 tbl


incestuous Lager heritage that stretched back to the 1880s. But his vision was radically situation-bound and premature. The fact that his notion of reform meant civil rights for former Nazis made the appeal to fairness seem an ethical stretch. Besides, the Lager format was still resilient, although it was rewritten in the 1950s as "consociationalism." Depending on shifting circumstances, the closely matched OVP and SPO encouraged or maligned the VdU, either to subvert one another or to rally their own camps. At the same time, they each coaxed segments of the Ehemaligen into their own folds. Thus, the VdU was able to enjoy some brief success as a "third force" in the chess game of realpolitik. But the nationalist tradition's undisciplined legacy of personality feuds and internecine bickering soon awoke to haunt the party. As laws against former Nazis were rescinded and the economy began to grow in the early 1950s, the VdU lost its raison d'etre. It was essentially a product of the Austrian provinces, with their own conflicting interests and identities, which also hastened its demise. Kraus and Reimann were eventually pushed aside by rivals, and what was left of the VdU by the mid 1950s was merged (with the quiet encouragement of OVP chief Julius Raab) with the new FPO, avowedly a Lagerpartei headed by three former Nazis—most prominently Anton Reinthaller. Ironically, according to Hobelt, the core leadership of the new party (if not all of its followers) was less ideological and more professional and pragmatic than many of the VdU Honoratioren had been. The FPO gradually found its own small niche on the fringes of the Second Republic's duopolistic postwar political culture, eventually as a tacit ally of Kreisky's SPO in the 1970s. Kraus's vision of the Lager tradition's demise had to await the shifting, post-Cold War political landscape of the 1990s. There is very little social-historical dimension to Hobelt's book. He stays mainly on the plane of personalities and histoire evenementielle, but on that level he seems like a good detective. His empathy for the German-national tradition spurs him to probe far behind the curtains in a quest to unravel the threads that brought the VdU together and the feuds and changes that pulled it apart, after little more than half a decade's existence. Sometimes the devil in the details threatens to bedazzle broader analysis, but Hobelt pulls the story together in the concluding chapter and a following resume of theses. Like his earlier work Kornblume und Kaiseradler, this book will therefore be important reading for students of Austrian politics—especially given the party realignments of February 2000.


Dear Editor, Suicide is one of the ten leading causes of death in Western countries and the second leading cause in people aged 15-19 years. In recent decades, annual suicide attempts reportedly ranged from 2.6 to 1,100 per 100,000 people, while the rate of lifetime prevalence ranges from 750 to 5,930 per 100,000 worldwide. 1 Studies regarding suicide in Iran showed that most attempts originated in urban areas, and a recent systematic review focusing on seasonal variation indicated that most suicides were committed in the spring and summer seasons. 2 The two leading models describing the effect of seasons on suicide are the bioclimatic and socio-demographic models. The bioclimatic model analyzes the ways in which climate-related and environmental factors (e.g. heat) influence the springtime peak in suicide rates, likely as a result of increased excitability in the nervous system. The socio-demographic model proposes that the spring peak is a consequence of increased occupational and public activity. 3 Utilizing a set of representative and fresh data, the present study aims at examining the seasonality of suicide. As the second objective, we also explored differences in seasonality between rural and urban areas, mental disorders, and genders. The data of suicide attempts were extracted from the systematic registration suicide data system The data included all suicide attempts by the residence of Ilam aged 6 years and older, who were admitted to medical centers in Ilam during the period of the present study. In the systematic registration suicide data system (SRSD), suicide attempts were determined by analyzing physicians' statements and hospital admission records. This was in addition to daily suicide counts according to a structured schedule that involved nine items, namely age, sex, marital status, educational level, job status, partners' job status and educational level, region of residence, race, and other demographic information. Data concerning mental disorders, addiction, methods of suicide attempt, and outcome were collected from individual outpatient visits on a monthly basis. Two methods, Chi-square, Edwards' T, were used independently to analyze the seasonality. Seasonal effect (" peak/trough seasons " and " deaths/suicide attempts ") was explored by ratio statistics; the null hypothesis assumes that completed suicides in each method group are evenly distributed over a year. Our findings showed that the number of suicide attempts in rural and urban areas fluctuated by season. The number was highest in spring/autumn for both genders, and for rural areas the highest was in spring/summer …


OBJECTIVE
To test the ability of a logistic regression model (LRM) that predicts acute cardiac ischemia to make an early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI); the ability of the LRM to predict AMI was also compared with the presenting electrocardiogram (ECG).

SETTING
A small rural Irish coronary care unit.

METHODS
Clinical and ECG data required by the LRM to predict acute coronary ischemia were recorded in 600 consecutive patients admitted with suspected AMI. Estimates of the LRM were ranked into equal deciles in declining probability of acute cardiac ischemia (pACI), and presenting ECGs were placed into one of seven categories.

RESULTS
At presentation 50% of AMI patients were in the two LRM deciles with the highest pACI, and 49% of AMI patients had ECGs with greater than 2 mm ST elevation associated with reciprocal changes. ECG categories had a 76% sensitivity for the early diagnosis of AMI and the LRM had an 84% sensitivity. The specificity, accuracy and positive predictive value for the ECG categories were 92%, 84% and 85%, respectively. The specificity, accuracy and positive predictive value of the LRM were 84%, 84% and 75%, respectively. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the LRM and ECG categories were almost identical (91% and 90%, respectively).

CONCLUSION
AMI can be diagnosed early with comparable accuracy either by placing presenting ECGs into one of seven categories, or by the LRM. The best method and 'cut-off' point for the diagnosis of AMI varies according to clinical circumstances. Categorizing ECGs requires more skill in ECG interpretation, but takes less time. The previously reported performances of the LRM were replicated, confirming portability of its use into different clinical settings and patient populations.


Marcoporous silica hollow microspheres were prepared by poly (acrylic acid)@poly (ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate-co-4-vinylpyridine) (PAA@P(EGDMA-co-VPy)) composite particles with raspberry-like structure as the template. P(EGDMA-co-VPy) and PAA microspheres were prepared by distillation precipitation polymerization respectively. The raspberry-like organic composite polymer particles were obtained through the self-assembly of PAA microspheres on P(EGDMA-co-VPy) microspheres. Then, Silica layer was coated on the composite particles with Stöber method in an alkaline environment. The marcoporous silica hollow microspheres were received after the calcination to remove the organic template. The diameter of the marcoporous silica hollow microspheres, hollow inner core and the pore size of silica layer was about 2.0 μm, 1.5 μm and 20-130 nm, respectively.


The perception of humanist literacy is an individual's or society's understanding of concepts that focus on human aspects, such as tolerance, empathy, justice and human rights. Humanist literacy perceptions can help individuals or communities to understand and respond to social and humanitarian issues in a wiser way and encourage them to participate in life. This paper aims to analyze the perceptions of PAI teachers about humanist literacy. This study uses a qualitative approach with field research methods to uncover and collect research data through interview techniques and document studies. Through this research, results were found, namely teachers considered that with humanist literacy they could understand and appreciate cultural diversity, outlooks on life, and have the ability to think critically and reflectively on humanitarian and social issues.


A hybrid nanoimprint soft lithography (HNSL) technique was used to fabricate nanopatterned sapphire substrates (NPSSs) for light-emitting diodes (LEDs). HNSL combines the high resolution of nanoimprint lithography (NIL) and the conformal contact of soft lithography. The key component of HNSL is the hybrid mold, which consists of rigid nanopatterns with an anti-adhesion coating on an elastic poly(dimethylsiloxane) support. The mold was used to fabricate nanopatterns on a 2-in. sapphire substrate through a soft UV-NIL system with a double-layer resist, a top UV-curable layer, and an underlying PMMA layer. Nickel dot arrays were formed from the imprinted patterns through a lift-off process and used as the etching mask during the sapphire etching process due to nickel's high etching resistance. A wafer-scale circular-truncated-cone shaped NPSS was achieved by chlorine-based inductively coupled plasma etching. Typical blue LEDs with emission wavelengths of 452 nm were grown by metal-organic chemical vapor depo...


A spatio-textual search engine, termed "STEWARD" is demonstrated where document similarity is based on both the textual similarity as well as the spatial proximity of the locations in the document to the spatial search input. STEWARD's performance is enhanced by the presence of a document tagger that is able to identify textual references to geographical entities. The user-interface of STEWARD provides the ability to browse results, thereby making it a valuable "knowledge discovery" tool.