Recursive Auto-Regressive (AR) identification algorithms, applied to the study of Heart rate Variability (HRV), allow to investigate transient biological phenomena. Each time the AR parameters are updated, the positions of poles must be evaluated in order to quantify frequency and power of spectral peaks by means of a spectral decomposition based on the residual integration method. We describe a recursive method for pole tracking that estimate the new pole positions on the basis of the AR parameters variations, in a more efficient way than traditional factorization algorithms. The method is suitable for an on-line monitoring of traditional HRV parameters, which measure the symphato-vagal balance elicited by the control mechanisms of cardiovascular system.


In four patients with anorexia nervosa, investigations were made on (a) the relation of the psychopathologic reactions to the somatic changes, and (b) the energy metabolism and the absorption and metabolism of food stuffs. Weight changes were found to be the resultant of the caloric intake and energy output which were influenced considerably by anxiety and resentment. Anxiety was manifested physiologically by a change from a slow pulse to tachycardia, increased hyperkinesis, and decrease in glucose tolerance without characteristic changes in appetite. Observations on the metabolism of various dietary constituents gave no evidence of a "primary" metabolic disorder. The balance of energy changes was similar to that seen in inanition. During most periods the intake of calories was abnormally low, but even with a diet which would have been adequate for the average normal person weight could be lost because of muscular overactivity induced by anxiety. Thus, most of the symptoms of anorexia nervosa can persist ...


This book is an attempt to highlight the trends in the access and use of scholarly electronic journals by faculty members at Dar es Salaam University College of Education (DUCE), Tanzania. The book analyses the level of awareness of electronic journals, frequency of use of electronic journals, reasons for use of electronic journals, pattern of use of electronic journals, perception on the usefulness and ease of use of electronic resources, methods used to locate electronic journals and the criteria used to evaluate electronic information resources. Key findings of the study reveal that, there is still a low level of access to and use of scholarly electronic journals amongst faculty members, while search engines such as Google are frequently consulted. Moreover, the book succinctly explains factors influencing usage of scholarly electronic journals by faculty members with some constructive suggestions for improving access to and utilization of scholarly electronic journals. The thematic issues covered in this book are expected to be of interest for researchers, policy makers and library planners.


A structure made out of an n-type semiconductor can mimic some properties of a p-type semiconductor. A structure made out of an n-type semiconductor can mimic some properties of a p-type semiconductor.


Approximately 50% of doctoral students in social science, humanities, and educational doctoral programs fail to earn their Ph.D. This number is 10% to 15% higher for students enrolled in online or limited-residency programs. Using in-depth interviews and qualitative data analysis techniques, this grounded-theory study examined participants' recollections of their experience as students in a limited-residency doctoral program and their reasons for withdrawal while working on their dissertation. The study was guided by the central question "What is the nature of the participants' experiences of doctoral attrition in a limited-residency doctoral program?" The resultant theory clarified relationships between attrition and a support issues (i.e., advisor support, dissertation process support and program office support). The theoretical model helps identify steps faculty and administration may take in order to reduce high levels of attrition. Recommendations for effective doctoral education practices from existing literature are supported in the findings of this study. Keywords: Doctoral Study, Dissertation, Attrition, Limited-Residency, Qualitative Research, Grounded Theory, Persistence.Approximately 50% of doctoral students enrolled in the social sciences, humanities and education fail to earn their degree (Bowen & Rudenstine, 1992; Council of Graduate Schools, 2008; Lovitts, 2001). Non-traditional schools (e.g., limited residency, hybrid or online) experience rates 10% to 15% higher. There is little evidence this pattern will change (Halse & Malfoy, 2010, Willis & Carmichael, 2011), supporting Golde's (2000, p.199) observation that "the most academically capable, most academically successful, most stringently evaluated, and the most carefully selected students in the entire higher education system - doctoral students - are the least likely to complete their chosen academic goals." The words of Breneman (1977, p.54) still ring true: "Attrition rates of 50% or more would be a scandal in any professional school, but seem to be accepted in doctoral education as part of the natural order."A significant number of educational leaders and researchers rate the quality of online education as equal to, or better than, traditional education (e.g., Allen & Seaman, 2006; Borthick, Jones and Wakai, 2003; Kuo et al., 2013; Lorenzo & Moore, 2002; Ulmer, Watson, & Derby, 2007) concluded that quality online education better prepares learners for collaboration, distance communication and presentation. These characteristics provide greater opportunities than traditional education for learner-to-learner and learner-to-teacher connectedness. Yet, the attrition rate in online education is inversely proportional to that of traditional education programs (Patterson & McFadden, 2009).The doctoral degree program investigated in this study is a limited-residency program. The courses are offered primarily online with students required to participate on campus for either two extended weekends or one full week each five month semester. Students have access to content and may engage, through a variety of asynchronous tools, in instructional activities at any time; this allows students to balance family and career commitments with their doctoral studies. Given the uniqueness of the population, it is reasonable to assume that these students will have different experiences during their doctoral studies than students in traditional programs. Because of this, their decision to leave the program could be based on factors different from those of traditional students.GoalThe goal of this study was to develop a theory to help understand and explain attrition from a limited-residency doctoral program (LRDP), specifically, the reasons for attrition by students who had finished coursework and left the program while working on their final dissertation (i.e., they were in candidacy). It was felt that by identifying barriers to completion it would be feasible for faculty and administrators to develop tools, processes and procedures to help improve the doctoral experience and lower levels of attrition. …


Since VDSM designs tend to be much faster and denser, inductive effects is of VLSI interconnects are becoming more and more important. While parasitic inductance is taken into account, most IC design and verification methodologies are significantly complicated. In this tutorial paper we reviewed recent developments in inductance extraction for on-chip interconnects, and discussed some resulting analysis and verification problems. A subset of recent results for partially addressing the challenge was presented. We hope that the paper will be a good guidance for VLSI design, analysis and verification.


Corn is the basic input of the Mexican diet. It is grown in one-third of the country, with Sinaloa being the leading producer of irrigated corn in Mexico, mainly by surface irrigation. It has become increasingly urgent to optimize the use of water due to competition from non-agricultural sectors for water resources, as well as the high spatial and temporal variability of annual volumes available for irrigation, . An alternative in dry years is to apply regulated deficit irrigation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate this technique in surface-irrigated corn, with three deficit treatments and a control, to which the water requirement demanded by the crop was applied. The water deficit levels applied were: 10, 20, 30 and 0 %, for T1, T2, T3 and C (control), respectively. An irrigation scheduling system based on the concept of degree days was used. The effect of water deficit levels was evaluated in terms of application efficiency, water productivity and yield. The treatment with the highest deficit generated the best application efficiency and water productivity. Yields were statistically similar in the treatments and the control. Results indicated that using the deficit irrigation technique is a viable option in critical water availability conditions, by having a reduced effect on yields obtained in relation to conventional methods.


A corner cube constructed using three long radius spherical mirrors has been found to correct for astigmatism and can produce diffraction limited focused retroreflected light. Laser resonators using focusing corner cubes exhibit alignment insensitivity and an ability to track a wandering gain medium. These are both very desirable properties for long FEL lasers. A computer analysis of various types of misalignments is presented.


The red thread in the programme for working group 11, Applications and Modelling, was to identify and discuss different theoretical perspectives found in research on the teaching and learning of mathematical modelling. Particular emphasis was placed on the relation between research and development of practices of teaching. The presentation: A survey of theoretical perspectives in research on teaching and learning of mathematical modelling were given by Morten Blomhøj and Gabriele Kaiser to set the scene for the working group. And the work was ended with a closing panel discussion with Javier García, Gabriele Kaiser, and Hugh Burkhardt as panellists and Susana Carreira as moderator. In addition Hugh Burkhardt gave a historical perspective on the field by his presentation: The challenge of integrating modelling in mathematics teaching practices – a historical view by.


To obtain information about the relationship between different types of circulatory insufficiency, a series of oxygen parameters and plasma lactate, we have performed a pilot study comprising five patients with circulatory insufficiency.


e20055Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) is the most common histological type of non-small-cell lung cancer and is one of the malignancies with the most evolved personalized treatments based on ...


For bright transients such as gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), the Ultra-Violet/Optical Telescope (UVOT) operates under event mode at early phases, which records incident positions and the arrival time for each photon. The event file is able to be screened into many exposures to study the early light curve of GRBs with a high time resolution, including the rapid brightening of the UV/optical emission in particular. Such a goal, however, is hampered for some extremely bright GRBs by the saturation in UVOT event images. For moderately saturated UVOT sources, in this work we further develop the method proposed in Jin et al. to recover their photometries. The basic idea is to assume a stable point-spread function of UVOT images, for which the counts in the core region (i.e., an aperture of a radius of 5″) and the wing region (i.e., an annulus ranging from 15″–25″) should be constant, and the intrinsic flux can be reliably inferred with data in the ring. We demonstrate that in a given band, a tight correlation does hold among the background-removed count rates in the core and the wing. With the new method, the bright limit of measuring range for UVOT V and B bands increases by ∼1.7 mag, while only by ∼0.7 mag for the U band due to the lack of bright calibration sources. Systematic uncertainties are ∼0.2 mag for the V, B, and U bands.


Chronic pulmonary disease alters skeletal muscle in humans and horses. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a possible effect of the ß2-sympathomimetic agent clenbuterol, known for its bronchodilatory and anabolic effects on skeletal musculature, on mitochondrial activity and histopathologic changes of skeletal musculature horses suffering from recurrent airway obstruction (RAO). We hypothesized that clenbuterol treatment has an effect on mitochondrial activity and histopathologic changes of RAO patients. Therefore 14 healthy horses (control) and 18 RAO patients without primary muscle disease were examined in a prospective clinical trial. In all horses a complete lung examination was performed. All horses received clenbuterol at a dosage of 0.8μg/kg BDW bid for 2 intervals of 12 days and a 4-day-break. Muscle enzymes and muscle biopsies (M. gluteus medius) were examined histologically and histochemically at rest and 24h after exercise before and after clenbuterol treatment. Clinical, laboratory and histopathologic examination of skeletal muscle samples excluded primary myopathies in all horses. A significant increase of mitochondrial activity was found in RAO patients compared to healthy controls. A significant reduction in mitochondrial activity was obvious after clenbuterol application in RAO patients. An effect of standardized exercise on mitochondrial activity in skeletal musculature could not be found. In conclusion clenbuterol therapy reduces skeletal muscle changes in RAO patients.


Significance There is a strong need for new analgesic and antiinflammatory medicines that are both effective and safe. Animal studies have shown that inhibition of N-acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA)—an intracellular enzyme that degrades the lipid mediator palmitoylethanolamide—causes profound analgesic and antiinflammatory effects. To facilitate the discovery of drugs targeting this protein and to better understand its mechanism of action, we determined its 3D structure. Our results illustrate the sequential steps leading to the activation of NAAA at lipid membranes, and reveal how current inhibitors block this enzyme. Palmitoylethanolamide is a bioactive lipid that strongly alleviates pain and inflammation in animal models and in humans. Its signaling activity is terminated through degradation by N-acylethanolamine acid amidase (NAAA), a cysteine hydrolase expressed at high levels in immune cells. Pharmacological inhibitors of NAAA activity exert profound analgesic and antiinflammatory effects in rodent models, pointing to this protein as a potential target for therapeutic drug discovery. To facilitate these efforts and to better understand the molecular mechanism of action of NAAA, we determined crystal structures of this enzyme in various activation states and in complex with several ligands, including both a covalent and a reversible inhibitor. Self-proteolysis exposes the otherwise buried active site of NAAA to allow catalysis. Formation of a stable substrate- or inhibitor-binding site appears to be conformationally coupled to the interaction of a pair of hydrophobic helices in the enzyme with lipid membranes, resulting in the creation of a linear hydrophobic cavity near the active site that accommodates the ligand's acyl chain.


The zinc–nickel single-flow battery is a new and special type of flow battery with a number of promising features, such as membrane free and high scalability, and thus has attracted substantial interests in recent years. However, the cyclability of alkaline zinc cells is rather poor, with sharpened capacity degradation resulted from undesirable zinc deposition formation. Yet, little has been done so far to investigate how to effectively and reliably manage this new type of battery. In this article, an open-circuit-voltage estimator based online joint estimation of both the state of charge (SoC) and the state of health (SoH) is proposed. A second-order equivalent circuit model is applied to improve the accuracy. Meanwhile, an extended Kalman filter with reduced state dimension is formulated to estimate the SoC assisted with the proposed estimator, which solves the increased complexity issue in a higher order model. An SoH indicator is then derived from capacity estimate and employed to determine the time for reconditioning maintenance, which is a key stage to update capacity and prolong service life. The method is finally applied to a bench-scale cell demonstrator, and the experimental results confirm the efficacy of the proposed method.


Let Z(t) be a stationary centered Gaussian process with a Markovian structure. In some fluid models, the stationary buffer content V can be expressed as and P(V>u)=Ce −γu (1+o(1)). The asymptotic constant C can be expressed by the so called generalized Pickands constants H. In most cases no formula or approximation for C are known. In this paper we show a method of simulation of C by the use of change of measure technique. The method is applicable when Z(t) is a stationary Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process or where (X 1(t),…,X n (t)) is a Gauss-Markov process. Two examples of simulations are included. Moreover we give a formula for a lower bound for generalized Pickands constants.


This article makes a literary review to the linguistic research in the use of metaphor in didactic discourse; especially the religious one. Acknowledging Conceptual Metaphor Theory as the primary theory in the field, the researcher embarks upon how metaphor is perceived and analysed in discourse in order to pertain its persuasive function. The article presents different approaches to metaphor analysis and their interconnection. The implications of these approaches are later deduced and interpreted within the scope of Islamic religious discourse as an example of didactic discourses. Keywords : Metaphors, Metaphor Analysis, Didactic Discourse, Persuasion


Decreasing the usage of profanity terms can reduce a toxic environment, create a clean language culture towards the z-generation who is now exploring the online world. To understand how intensive is profanity usage in social media platforms, we collected a sample of tweets for the year 2020, from Jan 2020 to Dec 2020. A total of 4,175,516 tweets that contained the reference list of various profanity words is collected, with its geographical country compiled. Each of the tweets included at least a profanity term from the categories set of profanity. This study intends to visualise the profanity classes in text communication among users from different countries. This idea is to create awareness of language usage and suggest a possible mechanism to assist or investigate a potential crime, such as racism or cyberbully detection.


An idea to regenerate sulfur-poisoned Ni catalyst in flowing H2 was tried. That is, sulfur-poisoned Ni catalyst particles are mixed with ZnO fine particles in a H2 atmosphere at 600K, then the each poisoned catalyst particle would releases a few ppb of H2S through the H2 atmosphere and the released H2S would be accepted on neighboring ZnO particles. Then, a million-fold effective improvement in the regeneration of sulfur-poisoned Ni catalyst in a flow of H2 would be realized. After only a 90h of trial operation, sulfur-poisoned 60% Ni/Al2O3 catalyst was regenerated. Applying this idea, 12.3% Ni/ZnO was prepared and tested as a model catalyst for adsorptive ultra-deep hydrodesulfurization (UD-HDS) of kerosene in a stream of H2 containing 25% CO2 at 600K. Residual sulfur in the treated kerosene was not detectable (<0.06 wt ppm) by the ready-made sensitive sulfur analyzer even after 800h of operation. Comparing with the conventional Ni/Al2O3 catalyst, the Ni/ZnO catalyst did not produce any CH4. The ZnO support is regarded to serve as a kind of SMSI and to regenerate Ni catalyst automatically in the HDS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that the regeneration of the sulfur-poisoned Ni catalyst in a H2 stream was realized and the automatic regenerative Ni catalyst for adsorptive HDS was demonstrated. Other materials for the catalyst of adsorptive UD-HDS were investigated. Al2O3 and Fe2O3 were useful as sub-materials, however, Cu, Co, Mo, Pd, and Pt were not comparable to Ni and ZnO.


Taking "CXSTAR" as the conformity example,this article thoroughly analyzes OPAC longitudinal resources conformity mechanism and characteristics based on its conformity way.A horizontal conformity contrast is done in accordance with the relevant parameters in several ways.Finally,the future trend of integration of library resources is introduced.


reciprocal responsibilities. Such concepts dated back centuries, and Green suggests that they still had purchase even after the New Poor Law tried to erode these early modern social bonds. Green closes his book with two chapters exploring how London's welfare system faced a crisis by the 1860s that drove reforms at the national level. Poor migrants continued to flood in, taking up residence – though frequently not poor law settlement – in poor suburbs offering cheap housing. Such parishes faced growing relief demands and diminishing tax bases. Two solutions presented themselves: moving people or moving money. Green explores removals, by which paupers could be passed to their home parishes. Such procedures could be time consuming and expensive, so officials focused on low cost, high reward removals, like those of single mothers and their children who only needed shifting to another parish within the city. Removal, however, could never solve the basic growing inequity; too many propertied Londoners inhabited parishes with low relief demands, effectively immune from shouldering London's booming poor relief burden. The jealously guarded local system, in which another parish's poor were seen as someone else's responsibility, had to be overcome. Green's final chapter shows how the crisis in London drove a series of parliamentary acts that recast parochial citizenship by reforming residency requirements and, potentially even more important, the Metropolitan Poor Act (1870), which redistributed relief costs across the city by creating a central fund. Poor sections of the city quickly built new workhouses they could not previously afford, helping to sustain London's unique pauper experiences. By the 1890s London paupers were more than twice as likely as other Englishmen to be relieved in a workhouse. It is ironic that a book that charts such a seismic policy shift ends with a point of continuity, for this was essentially already the case in the 18th century. One can only hope that a scholar of Green's daring and talent will someday soon undertake a similar study for 18th-century London. Pauper Capital is a major achievement. Kevin Siena Trent University


An efficient apparatus for hot filtration is described. It is constructed from recycled glass laboratory material (Erlenrneyer flask and funnel), modified by simple glass blowing techniques.


The dietary fiber is a indispensable composition in human food and it possesses some important physiological functions.The definition,composition and classification,the physiological functions of dietary were reviewed in this paper.


The contribution of the lowly doped region to the transient overshoot voltage of a junction diode, a bipolar transistor and a SCR is investigated with vf-TLP measurements and calibrated TCAD simulations. The effect of the conductivity modulation is stronger for a BJT and SCR than for a forward biased diode.


(five to six years) to be categorized as ''transitional LATs,'' a reasonable enough assumption but complicated by increasingly long engagements in the United States. A related question is the extent to which LAT reflects sliding into LAT or deciding to LAT, which has implications for relationship quality and stability. Another source of variation was sexual identity. David Eichert, author of a chapter on gay male couples, found that LAT was practical in cases in which one partner is not fully ''out'' or when the couple is not sexually exclusive. How LAT unfolds over the long term is somewhat unclear. For example, despite Bowman's criterion of economic independence, some older-age LATs in her study had a history of economic interdependence. And only a minority of survey participants (17 percent) reported splitting expenses 50/ 50, although a ''common pot'' was even less common (6 percent). Bowman concedes that LAT relationships ''may not be easy to construct or maintain.'' The book closes with a discussion of the current legal status of LATand recommendations for change. LATs exist within a social, political, and legal environment that continues to privilege marriage and blood ties. Bowman explains that LATs are ''caught in the net'' of state laws and legal precedents related to cohabitation on the one hand and singlehood on the other. When LAT relationships dissolve, the courts must decide on the appropriateness of palimony (continued financial support of an ex-partner) and the termination of alimony should an ex-spouse enter into an LAT relationship. The overall lack of legal guidance necessitates scrutinizing and dissecting LAT relationships from beginning to end in court. While the examples Bowman provides make for fascinating reading, it doesn't help the plaintiffs. Because legal issues most often come into play when LAT relationships dissolve, it is important to know just how stable these relationships are, an important area of further inquiry. Bowman argues that the mutual support LATrelationships provide benefits the public good and should be supported. The rights and protections desired by the LATs she interviewed are minimal and doable (e.g., eligibility for health insurance, hospital visiting privileges), and she says they can be accomplished through an ''opt-in'' registration system, not unlike domestic partnerships in some states. Given that LAT partners are largely economically self-sufficient, she is not in favor of laws specifying economic arrangements upon separation or death, nor laws that punish LATs by using their status as a cause to terminate alimony. This book fills an important gap in our understanding of the ways the postmodern family is continuing to split and diversify. LAT would appear especially appealing to independent-minded, economically selfsufficient women adverse to the domestic drudgery that comes with living with men (for heterosexual women). As women continue to make strides in education, employment, and income, we can expect to see millions more couples LAT. The proliferation of LAT does not have to come at the expense of other living arrangements, however. Bowman is hopeful: ''This is not a zero-sum game; one can develop alternative family forms and simultaneously work to democratize traditional forms'' (p. 77).


AMNIOTIC-FLUID infection, a common event during pregnancy, occurs most frequently in association with rupture of membranes, particularly prolonged rupture, and with premature delivery. It has been an important cause of perinatal mortality.1 , 2 Only a portion of amniotic-fluid infections are clinically apparent intrapartum3; they are usually recognized only on the basis of maternal leukocytosis, maternal or fetal tachycardia, uterine tenderness and irritability, or foul-smelling amniotic fluid.4 These signs represent late findings of amniotic-fluid infections; contamination of the fluid by pathogenic bacteria probably occurs several hours before the appearance of clinical signs of infection.5 , 6 Because of the difficulty of applying clinical . . .


Localizing images by visual information is a very challenging task in image-based travel recommendations. Travelers take a large number of pictures every day and share them on social networks (Facebook, Sina Weibo, Yelp, etc.). Many of these images are associated with the location where they are taken. But for images that do not associate with geographic location information, how to estimate where they are taken? With the rapid development of social media, the increasing number of shared geographic-labeled images brings an opportunity to address this problem. Using geographic-labeled images to estimate the location of unlabeled images is a popular approach. In this paper, we propose an image geographic location estimation model via multi-task learning (GLML). It combines the classification task and retrieval task to calculate the similarity between the query image and dataset images. Additionally, it fuses multi-global features through multiple global pooling techniques to enhance feature extraction. Each part of the proposed GLML model is flexible and extensible. Experiments on seven public datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed model.


Dissociative recombination (DR) of the hydrocarbon ions C2H+ and C2H4+ has been examined at the heavy-ion storage ring CRYRING (Manne Siegbahn Laboratory, Stockholm, Sweden). Absolute DR cross sections were measured for center-of-mass collision energies between 1 meV and 0.1 eV for both ions, giving cross sections at 1 meV of 7.6 × 10−13 cm2 for C2H+ and 1.7 × 10−12 cm2 for C2H4+. The dissociative recombination branching ratios were determined at minimal collision energy, showing that the carbon bond is broken in 57% of the dissociative recombination events for C2H+, while this happens in only 7% of the events for C2H4+. In the case of C2H4+, three-particle breakup into C2H2 and 2H is the dominant product channel with a branching ratio of 66%. The present results are compared with previous DR measurements made at CRYRING for DR of C2H2+ and C2H3+.


CORRIGENDUM TO CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ABSOLUTE SUMMING OPERATORS IN A BANACH SPACE USING µ-APPROXIMATE l1 SEQUENCES Le Matematiche Vol. LX (2005 - Fasc. I, pp. 121-128)


In the last five years shop talk among arbitrators has tended increasingly to drift into an area vaguely and uneasily identified as "due process."' The due process problems arbitrators are concerned with and which are the subject of this paper relate to procedural protections for individuals whose rights are being affected by an arbitration between two other parties-the company and the union. Due process thus may be an even more difficult problem in labor arbitration than in its judicial context, since in addition to the need for standards of fair procedure, the arbitration process raises the question of adequate representation of an affected individual who is not a party to the collective bargaining agreement nor to the arbitration being carried out under that agreement. Professor Willard Wirtz brought the due process issue into sharp focus in his paper, "Due Process of Arbitration."2 As Professor Wirtz noted, "'due process' is a symbol borrowed from the lexicon of law, and therefore suspect in this shirtsleeves . . . business of arbitration."3


In this work, the heat treatments were performed by three types of processes: normalizing, quenching and tempering, where the samples were heated to 900°C and held for 1 hour inside the furnace at that temperature. The first group of hot samples was cooled by air to room temperature through the normalizing process, but the second group was rapidly cooled by two types of the quenching media: (cold water at 5°C and polymer solution). The samples after quenching processes were tempered by heating to 450°C for one hour as a soaking time at this temperature. The samples were then taken out of the furnace, and cooled by air. The machinability, tensile strength, hardness, ductility and microstructure tests of carbon steel (GOST 50) have been achieved after the completion the heat treatment processes. The results appeared improvement and change in these properties after the heat treatments due to the change of the hardness, ductility and toughness of samples.


Purpose: The financial market liquidity of an asset has always been an important concept in banking and financial markets because it keeps leveraging in check. The objective of this study was to investigate the market liquidity of the level 2B common equity in the Liquidity Coverage Ratio and Net Stable Fund Ratio. Market liquidity measures where modelled and tested empirically to validate whether the LCR and NSFR needs to be improved.
Methodology: This study used a sample period from May 2016 – May 2021, and a fixed effect model to investigate the market liquidity of the selected level 2B High Quality Liquid Assets.
Findings: The findings of this study indicates that the common equity securities that qualifies to be included in level 2B HQLA category lack market depth. This was evident in the significant relationship between the independent and dependent variables used in this study although there was no significant relationship between transaction cost and price effect. Therefore, there was sufficient evidence that the LCR and NSFR measures for liquidity management in the banking sector needs to be improved.
Originality/Value: An improved LCR and NSFR was suggested in addition to a specialist system in order to capture the volatility of the level 2B equity securities and improve the market liquidity of these assets. As per the author's knowledge, this study is the first study to empirically investigate the liquidity of the selected level 2B HQLAs.


Stone-mound-tombs are being found in the up and mid stream of Han River around the 3rd Century B.C. In the distribution region of stone-mound-tombs, conventional native groups who used plain coarse pottery resided. This study is conducted to examine the relations with plain coarse pottery(nonstylobate) that existed in the up and mid stream of Hanseongbaekjae by reviewing the existence of stone-mound-tombs found in the up and mid stream of Han River and data reported. First, some stone-mound-tombs revealed in the up and mid stream of Bukhan River seem to disappear now or be wrongly perceived. In case of the up and mid stream of Namhan River, those in Pyeongchang River basin are not reliable except in Eungam-ri. In addition, tombs in Dong River basin look like stone-mound-tombs but most of them are not considered as stone-mound-tombs. Regarding remains in the up and mid stream of Han River, those in Bukhan River are Jikgudangyeongho(a short-necked jar) with Hanseongbaekjae style that were revealed as the form of toms and localized pottery with three legs are also buried. In comparison, remains in Namhan River are cooking pottery, soft & hard patted lattice, and short-necked jars with patted fish bone patters. The appearance of stone-mound-tombs in the up and mid stream of Han River seems to be related to the growth of Hanseongbaekjae. It seems that as polity in the up and mid stream of Han River rapidly integrated politics around the 2nd Century B.C, the polity highlighted geopolitical advantages of location in the interior route for trade relations with Hangunhyeon(漢郡縣) and Yougnam region(嶺南地域), and obtained the power for growth. The archeological material evident is cooking pottery shown in residential areas. The polity in the up and mid stream of Han River began to build stone-moundtombs by positions of each region. The powerful groups of the polity seem to make divisions of the place with the best excellent landscape by gathering residents in order to build their own tombs. In particular, multi-burials of the chamber are also shown to be stone-covered mound tombs, and application of the idea is likely to be deeply related to stone-covered mound tombs in Hanseongbaekjae.


A number of corrections must be made to a first-principles defect supercell calculation if the results are to be of use in calculating properties of isolated defects. These are illustrated for a tetrahedral self-interstitial in silicon, which places two electrons in the conduction band. One correction arises from the familiar Coulomb enhancement of the gap relative to local-density-approximation (LDA) calculations. The second is for the capture of these electrons in a double donor state. The third arises from the extra kinetic energy of the electrons due to their partial filling of the conduction band for a finite-sized supercell. The fourth is the partial occupation of the defect resonance, lowering the kinetic energy but increasing the Coulomb energy. A model is introduced which allows estimates of each of these corrections, with parameters which can be tuned to LDA supercell calculations. It allows then prediction of a wide range of properties dependent upon the defect in question.


The reasons for death of newborn babies in during 1983~1997 in Huiyang Mother and Child Health Care Center were reviewed and analyzed.The results showed that the death rate significantly decreased after the health care network was set up for pregnant women in 1991.The reasons of newborn babies death mainly rooted at premature birth,congenital malformation and newborn suffocation.It indicated that related methods for health care management and birth quality control should be enhanced.


A total of 127 patients with salmonellosis were studied for the effect of the disease severity on the central and peripheral hemodynamics, and catecholamine excretion. Introduction of indomethacin into a complex of treatment measures resulted in a more rapid recovery of the parameters of the central and peripheral hemodynamics and made catecholamine excretion return to normal.


By means of the documents and material, authou analysesed and inquired into the problem of the engeraving and printing in the Tang Dynastry and the Five Dynasties, which the early days of the engeraving and printing in our courtry, and discussed some characteristics of the engeraving and printing in the Tang Dynastry and the Five Dynasties.


The present invention is the main phase of the doped aluminum titanate (phase) and a mullite phase (phase) to the base and, Al


High intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a novel physical tumor therapeutic technology which applies the ultrasound well targeting, focusing, tissue absorbing property, and so on. It focused outer transducer low intensity ultrasound wave and targeted in the tumor, whichcan raise the temperature above 60℃ rapidly and induce tissue irreversible coagulation necrosis, with no damage to the surrounding normal tissue. It is a new physical tumor treatment technology.


It has been shown experimentally that the channel wall material has a substantial effect on the behaviour of Hall discharges. For this reason, the radial profile inside the Hall thruster SPT‐100 is investigated in detail. This is done by a one‐dimensional fully kinetic self‐consistent Particle‐in‐Cell model between the two walls in the acceleration region of the channel. A detailed Monte Carlo probabilistic model for secondary electron emission is implemented as boundary module. Using the local field approximation, two different operative conditions (axial electric field Ez =100 V/cm and 300 V/cm) have been simulated. For high discharge voltage case, a strong radial asymmetry and a stream instability propagating all along the radial domain are detected, while in the low voltage case a stable classical situation is recovered. The critical parameters for triggering this unstable regime are the electron azimuthal drift energy and the induced secondary electron emission, while the saturation mechanism is the increasing of the temperature of the initially cold secondary‐electrons. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


The 2016 Summer Olympic Games1 bids were selected as a case study to explore how the focus on social responsibility (CSR) and community development (CD) differs in traditional versus nontraditional bid cities. We employed a media framing methodology to examine how the bids were represented through media and articulated by various stakeholders. Of specific interest was the finding that the discourse surrounding the Rio de Janeiro bid put a greater focus on the capability of sport to reach out to disadvantaged populations and create balance within the global economy. The results from this study will provide insights into how the global media has framed megaevent bids from nontraditional cities, and the social and economic benefits event proponents argue can be accrued from hosting.


The present paper explores the application of bootstrap methods in testing for serial dependence in observed driven Integer-AutoRegressive (models) considering Poisson arrivals (P-INAR). To this end, a new semiparametric and restricted bootstrap algorithm is developed to ameliorate the performance of the score-based test statistic, especially when the time series present small or moderately small lengths. The performance of the proposed bootstrap test, in terms of empirical size and power, is investigated through a simulation study even considering deviation from Poisson assumptions for innovations, i.e., overdispersion and underdispersion. Under non-Poisson innovations, the semiparametric bootstrap seems to "restore" inference, while the asymptotic test usually fails. Finally, the usefulness of this approach is shown via three empirical applications.


The metal-rich carbonaceous chondrites (CB and CH) have the highest whole-rock {sup 15}N enrichment ({delta}{sup 15}N up to +1500{per_thousand}), similar to {delta}{sup 15}N values reported in micron-sized regions (hotspots) of Interplanetary Dust Particles (IDPs) of possibly cometary origin and fine-grained matrices of unmetamorphosed chondrites. These {sup 15}N-rich hotspots are commonly attributed to low-temperature ion-molecule reactions in the protosolar molecular cloud or in the outer part of the protoplanetary disk. The nature of the whole-rock {sup 15}N enrichment of the metal-rich chondrites is not understood. We report a discovery of a unique type of primitive chondritic clasts in the CH/CB-like meteorite Isheyevo, which provides important constraints on the origin of {sup 15}N anomaly in metal-rich chondrites and nitrogen-isotope fractionation in the Solar System. These clasts contain tiny chondrules and refractory inclusions (5-15 {micro}m in size), and abundant ferromagnesian chondrule fragments (1-50 {micro}m in size) embedded in the partly hydrated, fine-grained matrix material composed of olivines, pyroxenes, poorly-organized aromatic organics, phyllosilicates and other hydrous phases. The mineralogy and oxygen isotope compositions of chondrules and refractory inclusions in the clasts are similar to those in the Isheyevo host, suggesting formation at similar heliocentric distances. In contrast to the previously known extraterrestrial samples, the fine-grained material in the clasts is highly and rather uniformly enriched in {sup 15}N, with bulk {delta}{sup 15}N values ranging between +1000 and +1300{per_thousand}; the {delta}{sup 15}N values in rare hotspots range from +1400 to +4000{per_thousand}. Since fine-grained matrices in the lithic clasts are the only component containing thermally unprocessed (during CAI and chondrule formation or during impact melting) materials that accreted into the metal rich chondrite parent body(ies), the {sup 15}N-enriched clasts as present in Isheyevo probably represent the major primordial carrier of {sup 15}N anomaly in these meteorites. The rather uniform and very high bulk {sup 15}N enrichment of the Isheyevo chondritic clasts, in contrast to rare hotspots of possibly molecular cloud origin in cometary IDPs, indicates that the nitrogen-isotope fractionation recorded by these clasts, containing abundant solar system materials, could have resulted from processes in the protoplanetary disk (e.g., ultraviolet photodissociation of {sup 15}N{sub 2} followed by trapping {sup 15}N atoms into NH-bearing ices) rather than solely by inheritance from the protosolar molecular cloud. If this is the case, the unique {sup 15}N-rich signature of the clasts could have resulted from nitrogen-isotope fractionation in cold and optically thin parts of the protoplanetary disk.


Abstract The cement based grouts, as functional performance composite materials, are widely used for both immobilisation and encapsulation as well as for stabilization in the field of inorganic waste management. Also, to ensure that low level radioactive waste (LLW) are contained for storage and ultimate disposal, they are encapsulated or immobilized in monolithic waste forms, with cement –based grouts. The paper includes some research data referring to cement based grout mix design for use as encapsulating/immobilizing system for low level radioactive waste. The work includes cement-based-grout mix design method used practically into establishing of the optimum grout mix based on the water/cement ratio, cement/sand ratio in order to achieve application requiered values of fluidity, segregation resistance, shrinkage and mechanical strengths. These engineering grout characteristics present relevance for simulation experiments of radionuclide leaching from LLW – cement grout encapsulation system.


In order to adapt the need of the large discharge and long time running, the NO.3 Pumping Station of JiangDu, the first station of the South-to-North Water Diversion Projection, bring forward the higher requirement to the equipment of the water-guard bearing of special position. The bearing was so important that infect the security.The paper advanced the basis requirement of the water-guard bearing system combining running characteristic of the pumping station. The complexion of the management of the ordinary water-guard bearing was expatiated, compared and analysed.The feasibility of the elastic-metal-plastic water-guard bearing in the operation of pumping station was analysed. The preventing instrument is brought forward. The application proved that the bearing is able to fit the environmental and the scheme is economy and feasibility.


Homogeneous 3a-hydroxysteroid  dehydrogenase (3a-HSD, EC 126.96.36.199) of rat liver cytosol is potently inhibited at its active site by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Using 3a-bromoacetoxy-5aandrostan17-one (BrAnd, a substrate analog) and 1 la-bromoacetoxyprogesterone (Br l lP , a glucocorticoid analog) as affinity-labeling agents, kinetic evidence was obtained that these agents alkylate this site. Inactivation of 3a-HSD with either ['"CIBrAnd or ['"C] B r l l P led to the incorporation of 1 mol of affinitylabeling agent per enzyme monomer. Complete acid hydrolysis of 3a-HSD radiolabeled with either agent followed by amino acid analysis led to the identification of ['"C]carboxymethylcysteine indicating  that ['"CIBrAnd and ['"CIBrllP covalently tag discrete reactive cysteine(s) at the enzyme active site. Trypsin digestion of ['"CIBrAnd-inactivated 3aHSD followed by peptide mapping led to the purification of a single radiolabeled peptide (3A1) which gave the following sequence: H2N-Ser-Ile-Gly-Val-Ser-AsnPhe-Asn-X-Arg-C02H. Identical experiments on ['"C] BrllP-inactivated 3a-HSD led to the purification of three radiolabeled peptides (11P1-llP3). The major radiolabeled peptide (1 1P1) had an identical sequence to 3 A 1 which was tagged with [I4C]BrAnd. The minor radiolabeled peptides had the following sequences: H2N-Ser-Lys-Asp-Ile-Ile-Leu-Val-Ser-Tyr-X-ThrLeu-Gly-Ser-Ser-Arg-COzH (1 1P2) and H2N-Ser-ProVal-Leu-Leu-Asp-Asp-Pro-Val-Leu-X-Ala-Ile-AlaLys-COzH (11P3). In each peptide group X was identified as carboxymethylcysteine. Alignment of the peptide sequences with the primary structure of 3a-HSD, deduced from its cDNA clone, assigned peptide l l P l to residues 162-171, peptide l l P 2 to residues 208223, and peptide l lP3 to residues 232-246 of the amino acid sequence. The reactive cysteines correspond to CYS'~", Cys217, and CysZ4'. We propose that CYS'~" labeled by BrAnd may lie within the catalytic pocket of the enzyme. By contrast the lla-bromoacetoxy group in B r l l P labeled several reactive cysteines


The invention discloses a production method of an animal manure carbon fertilizer. Raw materials are animal manures. The production method of the animal manure carbon fertilizer comprises the following steps of: a, mixing organic granules; b, dryly granulating; c, carrying out carbonization processing; d, water-cooling; e, screening; and f, backmixing, and granulating. The animal manure carbon fertilizer is produced by adopting the animal manures such as pig manures, cow manures, sheep manures, horse manures, and the like as the raw materials and converting the organic matters contained in the animal manures into biological carbon by heating the animal manures at high temperate in a low-oxygen environment, has the characteristics of self multihole, large specific surface area, high absorbance, and the like, improves the soil ecological environment, can enhance the fertilizer utilization ratio through the characteristics of absorption and slow release, also has a soil improvement function, fertilizer synergy and higher content of fertilizer components such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and the like, and can be used by partially replacing a fertilizer; and in addition, the animal manure carbon fertilizer can be used as a slow release synergist of the fertilizer, plays a role of fixing the fertilizer and moisture, achieves the purposes of prolonging fertilizer effect and enhancing fertilizer utilization ratio.


The rise of energy demand and ecological contaminations encourage the utilization of alcohol bases on substitutes fuels in spark ignition (SI) engine. The fusel oil is a byproduct acquired from fermentation process with higher alcohol content. It has high-octane and less exhaust emissions; therefore, it takes significant place between the substitutes fuels. During this study, the impact of utilizing mixtures of pure gasoline & fusel oil on engine exhaust emissions & performance has been evaluated after water extraction from fusel oil. A single-cylinder, four-stroke SI engine has been utilized in these tests. The examinations execute at different speeds. The experiment fuels mixed with fusel oil at proportions of 5%, 10%, 20%, and 30%. At each speed, the engine's performance & emissions measurement have been conducted. During the experimentations, it has been noticed that the torque (T) and specified fuel consumption (SFC) rises as the quantity of fusel oil risen in the mixture. Carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are decreased as the quantity of fusel oil is raised in mixtures.


We consider the 2D simplified Bardina turbulence model, with horizontal filtering, in an unbounded strip-like domain. We prove global existence and uniqueness of weak solutions in a suitable class of anisotropic weighted Sobolev spaces.


The Micali-Vazirani (MV) algorithm for finding a maximum cardinality matching in general graphs, which was published in 1980, remains to this day the most e ffi cient known algorithm for the problem. The current paper gives the first complete and correct proof of this algorithm. The MV algorithm resorts to finding minimum length augmenting paths. However, such paths fail to satisfy an elementary property, called breadth first search honesty in this paper. In the absence of this property, an exponential time algorithm appears to be called for — just for finding one such path. On the other hand, the MV algorithm accomplishes this, and additional tasks, in linear time. The saving grace is the various "footholds" o ff ered by the underlying structure, which the algorithm uses in order to perform its key tasks e ffi ciently. The theory expounded in this paper elucidates this rich structure and yields a proof of correctness of the algorithm. It may also be of independent interest, as a set of well-knit graph-theoretic facts.


In the present article the author analyzes the New Media as the factor of the emergence of a fundamentally new culture of communication in modern society. To determine the New Media as a term the author analyzed the interpretations that exist in contemporary sociological literature. Moreover, the author suggests her own definition of «New Media». As a result the author gives methodological research of New and traditional («Old») Media and considers the main benefits of the global network in comparison with traditional media. The author found that there are a number of theoretical concepts to describe the type of society that is transformed under the influence of the mass use of modern communication technologies. The benefit of this study is the research of the social nature of the New Media. Moreover, the author has revealed that New Media technologies have af- fected even on traditional printed and electronic media, and it led to the formation of new types of social interaction. The author analyzes the key characteristics of the New Media, such as interactivity, individualization, multimedia and the lack of intermediaries. The author researched the key principles of modern communication technologies, which have the greatest impact on the nature of social interaction. Consequently, it was found that New Media can play a key role in political communication. The author found that the political structures, parties and leaders are becoming more active «newsmakers» – the creators of the news. At the same time they become their carriers, which contribute to the conversion of New Media in the factor of transformation of political actor role characteristics. So, the author came to the conclusion that today the relationship between New Media and politics arises because the media are dependent on political information and politicians are directly dependent on the media. The author also analyzed the impact of the Internet and New Media on the process of changing of the working person portrait in the world and the growth of multi-ethnicity and multiculturalism.


The depletion of the siderophile elements in the Earth's upper mantle relative to the chondritic meteorites is a geochemical imprint of core segregation. Therefore, metal/silicate partition coefficients (Dm/s) for siderophile elements are essential to investigations of core formation when used in conjunction with the pattern of elemental abundances in the Earth's mantle. The partitioning of siderophile elements is controlled by temperature, pressure, oxygen fugacity, and by the compositions of the metal and silicate phases. Several recent studies have shown the importance of silicate melt composition on the partitioning of siderophile elements between silicate and metallic liquids. It has been demonstrated that many elements display increased solubility in less polymerized (mafic) melts. However, the importance of silicate melt composition was believed to be minor compared to the influence of oxygen fugacity until studies showed that melt composition is an important factor at high pressures and temperatures. It was found that melt composition is also important for partitioning of high valency siderophile elements. Atmospheric experiments were conducted, varying only silicate melt composition, to assess the importance of silicate melt composition for the partitioning of W, Co and Ga and found that the valence of the dissolving species plays an important role in determining the effect of composition on solubility. In this study, we extend the data set to higher pressures and investigate the role of silicate melt composition on the partitioning of the siderophile elements W, Ge, Ga and Ni between metallic and silicate liquid.


A 76-year-old woman was hospitalized with an asymptomatic liver tumor detected by ultrasonography during a health check-up. A physical examination produced no pertinent ˆndings. Blood test results were negative for hepatitis virus markers and tumor markers. Ultrasonography showed a hypoechoic tumor in segment 6 of the liver with a distinct margin and smooth contour, measuring 10×10 mm in diameter. Computed tomography demonstrated contrast enhancement in the periphery of the tumor. From pathologic examination of a needle biopsy specimen a necrotic hepatocellular carcinoma could not be ruled out, so resection was performed. 'e ˆnal diagnosis was solitary necrotic liver nodule, a rare mimic of hepatocellular carcinoma. Although this is a rare disease, it is necessary to consider it as one of the di'erential diagnoses if an atypical neoplastic lesion di'ering from typical hepatocellular carcinoma is detected intrahepatically on imaging.


ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the effects of thermal modification at different temperatures and for different durations on the mechanical strength of wood of selected species from an agroforestry system. To this end, three 9-year-old (approximate age) individuals, each from four species of forest trees-Parapiptadenia rigida (Benth.) Brenan, Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub., Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla hybrid, and Schizolobium parahyba (Vell.) Blake-were evaluated. After obtaining initial measurements, samples from the four species under went heat treatment for 2 h and 4 h and were subsequently subjected to heat using an oven at temperatures 120°C, 150°C, 180°C, and 210°C; respectively, in addition to the control. For evaluating mechanical strength, the technical standard ASTM D 143-94 was used to obtain the values of the moduli of elasticity and rupture, tension at the proportional limit, and maximum force of the subjects. It was observed that different durations and temperatures altered the mechanical strength of the wood of the four species studied. The 2 h residence time is the most recommended for conducting thermal modification. This procedure modifies the mechanical resistance of wood in a positive manner, with exposure temperatures ranging between 120 ºC and 180 ºC being the most recommended. The thermal treatment carried out for 4 h is not recommended for structural purposes because of the decrease in flexural strength.


Virtual customer integration and open innovation are considered as appropriate means to improve the success of new product development. However, only when consumers are qualified and motivated to contribute promising ideas and relevant know‐how they are able to add value to a producer's innovation process. In this study, we explore the symmetric and asymmetric impact of various creativity components on consumers' idea generation, concept development, or prototype building abilities as well as interest in co‐creation projects. Our results show that creativity components are of different importance. While some characteristics are needed above certain thresholds to successfully accomplish a certain development task, exceeding those does not necessarily lead to better outputs. Other characteristics improve the creative output only if they exceed specific levels.


The field of image retrieval has been an active research area for several decades and has been paid more and more attention in recent years as a result of the dramatic and fast increase in the volume of digital images. Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) is a new but widely adopted method for finding images from vast and an annotated image databases. CBIR systems index the media documents using salient features extracted from the actual media rather than by textual annotations. Query by content is nowadays a very active research field, with many systems being developed by industrial and academic teams. Results performed by these teams are really promising. Data clustering is an unsupervised method for extraction hidden pattern from huge data sets. With large data sets, there is possibility of high dimensionality. Having both accuracy and efficiency for high dimensional data sets with enormous number of samples is a challenging arena. The proposed CBIR technique uses more than one clustering techniques to improve the performance of CBIR. This optimized method makes use of Hierarchical clustering technique to improve the execution time and performance of image retrieval systems in high dimensional sets. In this similarity measure is totally based on colors. In this paper more focus area is the way of combination of clustering technique in order to get faster output of images.


We report observations of Pitohui incertus, one of the least-known species of bird endemic to New Guinea, along the upper Fly River. Previous knowledge was based on its having been collected three times but no field observations had been reported. P. incertus occurs in parties of three to six inside the dense lower canopy of annually flooded lowland forest on flat terrain. The song is a striking duet and the call resembles that of King Bird-of-Paradise Cicinnurus regius. P. incertus may associate with mixed flocks of babblers, other pitohuis, drongos and birds-of-paradise and its plumage and call may be conver- gent with those of some other members of these flocks. It may be confined to the flood-plain of southern New Guinea in areas where annual rainfall exceeds 3,750 millimetres.


The invention relates to a C-10 site carbamido substituted artemisinin derivative (I), and relates to a structure, a preparation method and an application of the novel artemisinin 10 site derivative. The structural formula is shown as a formula I, and relates to its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, a solvate, an optical isomer or a polymorphic substance and a pharmaceutical composition which takes the compound as an active component. Being as a new antimalarial agent, an antitumor agent and an antifungal agent, the compound can be used for treating or preventing malaria, fungal infection, malignant tumor and the like. The compound takes substituted carbamide as an initial raw material, and is obtained by reacting with dihydroartemisinin under catalysis of Et2O.BF3.


The esterase activity of bile-salt-stimulated human milk lipase has been measured against several 4-nitrophenyl alkanoate esters, including 4-nitrophenyl propionate, in reversed micellar solutions of several surfactants. The reaction media used were Aerosol-OT in isooctane, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide in chloroform/n-octane (1 : 1 v/v) or in chloroform, Triton X-100 in carbon tetrachloride or isooctane, lecithin in n-octane or diethyl ether/methanol (95 : 5 v/v) or benzene, and Brij 56 in cyclohexane . The reaction conditions varied over a range of cosolubilized water concentrations and initial pH values of added borate, glycine and Tris buffer solutions. In all cases decreased enzymic activity was observed, even if sodium taurocholate was present in the reaction medium. A detailed examination has been made on the effect of changing concentrations of 4-nitrophenyl propionate and of Aerosol-OT on the esterase activity of bile-salt-stimulated human milk lipase at 298 K in aqueous solutions of Tris buffer at pH 7.5. The inhibition induced by Aerosol-OT was identified as being reversible and mixed. The dissociation constants of the enzyme-surfactant complex and of the (enzyme-ester)-surfactant complex have been calculated to be equal to 0.125 and 0.48 mmol 1-1, respectively.


surveys; these are presented separately, with little correlation, so that (for example) the field numbers used for the latter two surveys do not correspond. But persistence pays off because in the next chapter, on the topography of Butrint, the setting and early history of the city are clearly discussed and illustrated by a sequence of coloured maps. Here we can see the geophysics in context, indicating the line of the aqueduct across the Vivari Channel (it limited shipping inland) and revealing traces of the suburb, and, from early RAF air photographs, the possible lines of centuriation associated with the early colony.


In this paper, we calculate the electromagnetic form-factor of the π meson with the light-cone QCD sum rules. The numerical value is in excellent agreement with the experimental data (extrapolated to the limit of zero momentum transfer or the normalization condition Fπ(0) = 1). For large momentum transfers, the values from the two sum rules are all comparable with the experimental data and theoretical estimations.


To compare haemostasis and other outcomes after the use of bovine‐derived or porcine‐derived gelatine matrix‐thrombin sealants (GMTS) in a continuous series of patients during and for 6 months after laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN).


In the repeated-measures data model,in order to deal with the multiconllinearity,a new class of estimator d*ω=(C'M- 1C + I)- 1(C'M- 1Z + ωd*) for the parameters in mixed effect linear model is proposed. Under certain conditions,the new estimator is shown to be superior to the GLS estimators and Ridge estimators. Its admissibility is discussed,and a generalized form of the estimator is presented.


With Congress again considering federal privacy legislation, the idea of personal data property rights is being explored as one policy mechanism for securing privacy.[1] The very phrase "personal data" conjures up the notion that individuals own that data and firms are merely taking it. Data propertization, which is the creation of property rights in law, has been seen as an attractive alternative since the 1970s, for two reasons.[2] First, it would grant individuals the ability to sell their personal data, thus allowing them to recapture some of its value. Second, propertization would force companies to internalize the costs of disclosure, thereby aligning firm and user expectations about data collection and use since users would be able to bargain over the terms of the deal.[3]


The incidence of oral cancer is rising in India. Mortality from the disease remains high and survival has not improved significantly. Both prevention and early detection within the general dental practice setting have a potential impact on overall incidence, morbidity and mortality from oral cancers. The primary dental health team has an integral role in the early detection of oral malignancy and potentially malignant lesions. However, the clinical features may sometimes be ambiguous. The aim is to present two cases of tongue ulcers with ambiguous clinical presentation. One was innocuous tongue ulceration, not responding to conservative treatment modality and found to be squamous cell carcinoma on biopsy, treated successfully at referral center; while the other was mimicking a malignancy at initial presentation, but turned out to be innocent one. Thus, emphasizing the need of thorough routine clinical examinations as an essential mean so as to improve the survival of patient.


The invention relates to the technical field of electric switch cabinet detection, in particular to a rapid detection tool at any angle. The rapid detection tool comprises a detection rod, a supporting rod and a movable rod, the supporting rod is perpendicularly arranged at one end of the detection rod, a first through hole is formed in the supporting rod, a second through hole is formed in the movable rod, and first through hole and the second through hole are fixed through a bolt. In the detection process, the opening angle of the movable rod and the opening angle of the supporting rod are adjusted, the first through hole and the second through hole are aligned, and the bolt sequentially passes through the first through hole and the second through hole and then is matched with a nut to be fixed. The movable rod and the supporting rod which are fixedly connected are matched with the detection rod to form a detection frame with an opening in one face, the detection frame can slide in the vertical direction of the edge of a door panel bent to be at any angle in an attaching mode, so that the tool portably and rapidly detects the door panel bent to be at any angle, and simple in structure and convenient to use.


Simple Summary Bovine mastitis is an inflammatory disease of the mammary glands that causes serious harm to cow health and huge economic losses. Susceptibility or resistance to mastitis in individual cows is mainly determined by genetic factors, including coding genes and non-coding genes. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNA molecules with a length of more than 200 nucleotides (nt) that have recently been discovered. They can regulate a variety of diseases of humans and animals, especially the immune response and inflammatory disease process. This paper reviews the role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in inflammatory diseases, emphasizes on the latest research progress of lncRNA expression and the molecular regulatory mechanism in bovine mastitis, and looks forward to the research and application prospect of lncRNA in bovine mastitis, intending to provide a reference for scientific researchers to systematically understand this research field. Abstract Bovine mastitis is an inflammatory disease caused by pathogenic microbial infection, trauma, or other factors. Its morbidity is high, and it is difficult to cure, causing great harm to the health of cows and the safety of dairy products. Susceptibility or resistance to mastitis in individual cows is mainly determined by genetic factors, including coding genes and non-coding genes. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of endogenous non-coding RNA molecules with a length of more than 200 nucleotides (nt) that have recently been discovered. They can regulate the immune response of humans and animals on three levels (transcription, epigenetic modification, and post-transcription), and are widely involved in the pathological process of inflammatory diseases. Over the past few years, extensive findings revealed basic roles of lncRNAs in inflammation, especially bovine mastitis. This paper reviews the expression pattern and mechanism of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in inflammatory diseases, emphasizes on the latest research progress of the lncRNA expression pattern and molecular regulatory mechanism in bovine mastitis, analyzes the molecular regulatory network of differentially expressed lncRNAs, and looks forward to the research and application prospect of lncRNA in bovine mastitis, laying a foundation for molecular breeding and the biological therapy of bovine mastitis.


The modern stage of searching the most effective ways of reforming the system of higher education in Ukraine requires an unbiased analysis of the best achievements of the long-term educational history and its critical understanding. For successful educational model, it still remains important to solve the problem of updating of the teaching corps and constantly improve its professional competence. Therefore, analysis of the achievements and shortcomings of the experience of the process of preparation of scientific and pedagogical staff of the universities of Ukraine in the second half of XIX – the beginning of XX century will have a significant contribution to the further modernization of the high school. To the subject of our research the special interest are the works ofI. Beritova, V. Buzeskula, O. Zharova, L. Petrazhytskiy, N. Terentieva and others. The historical and pedagogical analysis of relevant problems of training of scientific and pedagogical staff in universities of Ukraine  in the second half of XIX – the beginning of XX century is made in the article. It is specified that the analysis of the mechanisms of the manning of the scientific and pedagogical staff at St. Vladimir University, Novorossiysk University and Kharkiv University could not happen without the assessment of the role of the privat assistant professorship as a crucial factor in improving the quality of scientific and educational process. It is indicated that privat assistant professorship as well as a system of associate professorship were considered as a reserve for the manning of future academic and teaching staff. The attention is focused on the fact that privat associate professors, who worked at the universities of Ukraine in the particular period, provided considerable information and scientific momentum of the educational process. They became authors and initiators of new courses and special courses, thereby preventing stagnation of the extended character in the conservative mostly academic environment.


CASE REPORTS Case 1 A 42-year-old woman was admitted to the Tetanus Ward of SCB Medical College Hospital, Cuttack with the complaint of stiffness in the jaw, inability to open her mouth, difficulty in swallowing and inability to close her left eye for 5 days. All these symptoms started 12 days after an injury over her left cheek. Four days after the onset of trismus, she developed generalized rigidity and spasm. She had been immunized against tetanus. Examination revealed a well oriented, conscious but febrile (lOO°F) woman having generalized spasms. Each spasm continued for a few seconds without any overt sign of respiratory embarrassment. There was trismus and evidence of infranuclear VIIth cranial nerve palsy of left side. Other cranial nerves were intact. There was an inflamed laceration on the left cheek about 3 ern in length and 0.5 ern in depth. There was no foreign body in the wound. Laboratory investigations did not reveal any abnormality. The patient was diagnosed as having cephalic tetanus progressing to generalized tetanus of moderate severity. The incubation period and onset time were 12days and 96 h respectively. The patient was treated with parenteral equine tetanus antitoxin, crystalline penicillin and diazepam in adequate doses, along with nasogastric tube feeding and intravenous fluid as required. Artificial ventilation was not necessary. The patient recovered fully within 4 weeks.


In this paper we study a granuloma model in visceral leishmaniasis, which
 contains eleven coupled reaction diffusion equations. The existence and
 uniqueness of the model in the local solution is proved by using the Banach
 Fixed Point Theorem and theory of parabolic equation. Then, the existence
 and uniqueness of the global solution are obtained by using the extension
 method.


Sodium formate catalytic transfer reduction, in the presence of palladium on carbon, accomplishes not only the rapid dehalogenation of aromatic chlorocarbons in water at room temperature, but also the reduction of the aromatic moieties to alicyclic rings at 100 °C. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2004)


Donor-acceptor copolymers have become the most attractive photovoltaic materials. In this paper,recent research on the design and synthesis of donor-acceptor copolymers and the technology of device fabrication of polymer solar cells are reviewed. Porphyrin-based,naphthodithiophene-based,benzothiadiazole/ benzoxadiazolebased and indacenodithiophene-based polymer materials,as well as the application of solvent additives and interfacial layers along with their influence on the performance of polymer solar cells are included in this review.


The following tables outline the procedures recommended for the detection of viruses of small fruit crops in the genera, Fragaria, Humulus, Ribes, Rubus and Vaccinium. In cases where a test needs validation it is recommended that an additional test be performed on the test plants. These tests that need validation have only been used on one or a few isolates of a virus. Before they can be recommended tests they need to be evaluated on a broad range of isolates from multiple locations. In the case of polymerase chain reaction assays it is necessary to state primer sequences that have been shown to be useful for detecting a wide range of virus isolates when recommending a test. Only a subset of a virus sequence is likely to be highly conserved and suitable for detecting all strains of a virus. This is also true for monoclonal antibodies that will be recommended for ELISA tests. Some monoclonal antibodies will be strain specific as has been shown for tomato ringspot, tobacco streak, cucumber mosaic etc. In some cases, polyclonal antisera must be designated as well since strain specificity can be a problem with some polyclonal antibodies, this is notably so with many nepoviruses. At the meetings in Valencia, Spain in 2003, it was decided that a standard protocol should be used to validate new testing procedures before they are listed as recommended procedures. This protocol would apply to new biological indicators, serological assays or nucleic acid based assays. The data set that will be required before a new test is recommended is given in the Proceedings of the Tree Fruit Symposium from the meetings in Spain. Data sets for new test protocols will be presented at future symposia of the Small Fruit Working Group of the ISHS and the decision to accept the new tests will be made at the symposia. Acceptable tests will then be added to the list of recommended procedures.


The utility model discloses a fabric sample used for X-ray spectrofluorimetry. The fabric sample comprises a blank lithium metaborate fuse piece on which a standard adjacent fabric layer is compounded through a resin layer. The fabric sample used for the X-ray spectrofluorimetry is reasonable in structure; the lithium metaborate fuse piece serves as a substrate; the standard adjacent fabric layer or a quantitative filter paper is compounded on the fuse piece through the resin layer. Compared with a sample cup, the fabric sample has the advantages that few samples are needed while a liquid sample is detected, and the detection can be done at a vacuum condition; a working curve can be created through the fabric sample and can be used for detecting a corresponding fabric sample, and the characteristics of high linearity and high relevant coefficient are brought.


iagnosis of malignant hyperthermia (MH) can be made in vivo with a clinical history of hyD permetabolism during or after general anesthesia with drugs known to trigger this condition, or in ziitru by demonstrating abnormal muscle contracture responses to halothane, caffeine, or both drugs together. Contracture testing is considered highly sensitive and specific in determining MH susceptibility (1,2). However, there is evidence in the swine model that genotypic heterozygotes can show intermediate MH responses both in vivo and in ziitro (3-6). Clinical MH episodes are extremely variable in susceptible humans, probably reflecting the known genetic heterogeneity of the trait in humans (7-9). In vifro muscle contracture test responses, which are positive only during combined halothane plus caffeine testing, may represent an intermediate response. The combined test is used diagnostically by several biopsy centers, but is considered controversial by many MH experts due to reported oversensitivity. We present four cases in which the proband (the first individual within a family presenting with possible signs of MH) exhibited positive responses only to combined halothane plus caffeine during in vifru testing. Their responses could have been interpreted as negative had this test been omitted, but testing of the parents (and siblings in one case) showed unequivocally positive contracture responses to halothane or caffeine alone, thus strengthening the diagnosis of susceptibility in the probands.


Angiographic opacification of the main and branch pulmonary arteries is an infrequent but important procedure in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. The procedure was first reported by Robb and Steinberg in 1938 . Though the basic objective is unchanged, virtually unlimited catheter designs are available, iodinated contrast safety has increased by generations, and radiographic images can resolve seventh-order pulmonary arteries. Alternative technologies for capturing an angiographic image have also evolved, including computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. With the use of CT and MR angiography in the workup of suspected pulmonary embolism, fewer diagnostic pulmonary angiograms are being performed, but increasingly, more therapeutic options are catheter directed . Maintenance of technical skills in pulmonary arterial catheterization is therefore vital. The principles of pulmonary angiography should be part of the basic knowledge of all physicians performing catheterizations. (1)


Sponge iron produced by direct reduction is melted in an electric arc furnace, in which a pool of liquid metal is maintained. To ensure that liquid carbon-containing iron for forming the pool is available in adequate quanti ties and that the process can be carried out with the highest possible economy, the sponge iron is reacted in an electric arc furnace on a bath of liquid carbon-con taining iron (hot metal), which has been produced from sponge iron or from partly reduced ore in an electric reducing furnace, and in dependence on the electric load changes which are due to the operation of the electric arc furnace the operation of the electric reduc ing furnace is so controlled that a virtually constant load on the electric power supply system is maintained.


When a woman falls for her best friend's son, and her own son starts a relationship with her lover's mother - amid characteristically Australian white sand and azure waters - we get a uniquely beautiful yet salaciously superficial story.


1. Psychiatrist, Chief of the Eating Disorders Unit, "Salus" Private Hospital, Ferrara, Italy; 2. Medical Doctor, Internal Medicine, Member of AIDM and SISDCA, Ferrara, Italy; 3. Medical Doctor, Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, Italy; 4. Medical Doctor, AIDM President, Ferrara, Italy; 5. Internal Medicine Unit, S. Bortolo Hospital, Aulss 8 Vicenza, Italy; 6. Chief of the Internal Medicine Unit, S. Bortolo Hospital, Aulss 8 Vicenza, Italy. Received 13 June 2017; accepted 24 July 2017.


1 * "Role, Jenny Jenkins, Roll": Little Girls and Maidens in American Folksongs-An Analysis of Sexual Attitudes.- 2 * The History of Female Sexuality in the United States.- Discussion * A Historian's Approach.- 3 * Physiological Aspects of Female Sexual Development: Conception through Puberty.- 4 * Physiological Aspects of Female Sexual Development: Gestation, Lactation, Menopause, and Erotic Physiology.- Discussion * Psychological and Physiological Concepts in Female Sexuality: A Discussion of Physiological Aspects of Female Sexual Development.- 5 * Some Suggested Revisions Concerning Early Female Development.- 6 * The Early Stages of Female Psychosexual Development: A Kleinian View.- 7 * Femininity.- 8 * Masturbation in Women.- Discussion * Another Point of View.- 9 * The Misnamed Female Sex Organ.- 10 * Finding Self in the Lesbian Community.- Discussion * Random Comments.- 11 * Daughters and Lovers: Reflections on the Life Cycle of Father-Daughter Relationships.- 12 * Role of the Father.- 13 * Sex Education versus Sexual Learning.- 14 * A Sex-Information Switchboard.- 15 * Self-Help for Sex.- Discussion * Self-Help in Gynecological Practice.- 16 * Young Women and the Sexual Revolution.


Neurological complications are very relevant in the current pandemic scenario. The virus has the Spike protein, which binds to the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 receptor (ACE2), receptor present in the body, triggering the infection. This enzyme is present in abundance in the respiratory epithelium, which explains the predominance of respiratory symptoms; however it is still found in neurons and glial cells, making the Central Nervous System (CNS), a possible target of the pathogen. The objective is to highlight the main neurological complications resulting from infection by the coronavirus agent of acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2). Thus, we conducted a literature search based on the descriptors "Covid 19", "Neurological disease" and "Complications", with publication period between 2020 and 2021 on the MEDLINE, PubMed, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Science Sciences platforms (LILACS), UpToDate and World Health Organization. The most persistent neurological complications found were: aphasia, dysgeusia, cerebrovascular diseases and encephalopathies. The neurological manifestations arising from COVID-19 are a reality and very complex , so further studies are needed to further evaluation and analysis of the consequences caused by this virus infection.


Pulmonary artery endothelial cells(PAEC) of broiler were isolated by the methods of tissue transplantation and collagenase digesting.Obtained cells were subcultured.Identifications of the cells were performed with the morphological feature and immunohistochemical stain using specific antiserum against factor Ⅷ related antigen.The result showed that both methods could obtain the primary PAEC.A confluent monolayer of cells was formed 2 weeks after tissue transplantation.Cells obtained by colagenase digesting formed monolayer 3-5 days after isolation.Primary PAEC could be subcultured and had been survived for 5-6 passages in vitro.Phase contract microscopy and HE stain of the cultured cells demonstrated the morphological characteristics of endothelial cells.Immunohistochemical stain revealed that factor Ⅷ related antigen was positive in the cultured cells,indicating the specific characteristic of endothelial cells.


The purpose of the current study were to examine how to implement the integrated communications (IC) concept in profit, non-profit, and governmental organizations, and measure corporate reputation among the organizations' consumers and stakeholders. Three organizations were studied : True Corporation Plc. (True), Thai Red Cross Society (TRCS), and Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT). Seven in-depth interviews were conducted with organizations' corporate and marketing communications executives. Questionnaire was then used to collect survey data from 400 organizations' consumers and stakeholders, aged 20-50 years old living in Bangkok. the findings showed that the three organizations performed their communications tasks following the first five IC characteristic ; communication at the level of corporate brand, equal focus on consumers and stakeholders, strategic management, symmetrical communication, and building and maintenance of corporate reputation. However, the sixth one, measurement of return on communications investment, was still not implemented. The quantitative results indicated that TRCS had highest level of corporate reputation among both target group, followed by TAT and TRUE, respectively. It is noted that IC is not the only factor affecting corporate reputation; other elements are also counted, for example, organization goals, time of operation, global awareness. Finally, corporate reputation was significantly and positively related with consumers and stakeholders' satisfaction and purchase intent on each organization.


The concept of psychological depressive symptoms affecting the terminally ill patient still stood as an unsolved mystery in many clinical practices. The psychological traumatic and depressive stressors are the factors responsible for destroying the quality of life, and affecting the terminally ill individual in the most degrading ways. Alongside the physical pain symptoms, the terminal ill experience is always accompanied by several unwanted mental disharmonies and emotional sufferings like toxins, mood disorder, trauma, and low self-esteem. The higher level of stress and depression determines the growth of tumors and cancer metastasis rate in any terminal diagnosis. This makes the assessment of the psychological non-pain symptoms essential alongside the physical pain symptoms. Failing to acknowledge the patient's traumatic experience, and depressive stressors will make the treatment unproductive and increase suicidal activities.


Phyllophorella was recently described from two localities on the central coast of Peru (12°S), based on the endemic species Phyllophora (Ph.) peruviana. The genus currently accommodates three species, Phyllophorella (P.) peruviana, P. humboldtiana and P. limaensis. Recent field surveys for Phyllophorella on the central coast of Peru led to the discovery of collections outside the originally reported ranges. Morphological, anatomical, and genetic characterization of the specimens confirms range extensions for P. peruviana to 9° S and 15° S, and P. humboldtiana to 12° S and 15° S. A combined phylogenetic analysis of rbcL and COI-5P gene sequences supports the taxonomic status of these two species and reasserts the genus as monophyletic. Anatomically, the two species differ in nemathecial structure. Phyllophorella peruviana displays dome-shaped and well-defined circular nemathecia, whereas in P. humboldtiana they are irregular and diffuse in form. Mature cystocarps were observed for the first time in Phyllophorella, in P. humboldtiana from Lima and Ica, Peru. Phyllophorella, as well as the other genera classified to the family Phyllophoraceae, have a procarpic sexual system, with a carpogonial branch of three cells; the cystocarp develops a thickened cortex, is immersed in the medulla, and lacks a pericarp and an ostiole. This study demonstrates that field work, together with morphological, developmental, and genetic analyses, are useful methods for improving our understanding of seaweed distributions and systematics.


Aim:  To assess the association between changes in plasma long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) profile and metabolic outcomes after 1‐year nutritional intervention in normolipidaemic obese children.


The triplet state of 4-methoxybenzophenone (4-MBP) has been investigated by laser flash photolysis and emission techniques in several solvents. In non-polar cyclohexane, 4-MBP triplet has an (n,p) configuration with the typical triplet–triplet absorption spectrum of benzophenone (?_max ca. 525 nm). However, due to the proximity of the two lowest triplet states of different configuration, some unusual features are observed in polar solvents. Thus, 4-MBP shows in aqueous solutions a transient absorption spectrum with?_max at 450 and 680 nm, which can be attributed to a T_1 (p,p) state. Further, transient absorption spectra due to T_1 (n,p) and T_2 (p,p) being simultaneously populated are observed upon laser xcitation of 4-MBP in polar solvents such as acetonitrile or methanol. The triplet state inversion (n,p to p,p) is also detected by the measurement of triplet quenching rate constants by 1,4-cyclohexadiene (a good hydrogen donor) in acetonitrile and water ( k _H ca. 2 × 10^8 and 5 × 10^5 M^−1 s^−1, respectively) and by the determination of room-temperature phosphorescence (the emission quantum yield at room-temperature decreases from 0.004 in acetonitrile to less than 1 × 10^−6 in water). Further, the energy of the 4-MBP triplet state is ca. 288 kJ mol^−1 both in polar and non-polar organic solvents, while in water it drops to 275 kJ mol^−1. The photophysical properties of 4-MBP are compared with those of 4-aminobenzophenone (4-ABP), which also possesses an electron-donating group. In polar organic solvents such as acetonitrile, the transient absorption spectrum and the quenching rate constant of hydrogen abstraction for triplet 4-ABP are practically the same as those obtained for 4-MBP in aqueous solutions. On the other hand, a small T_2 (p,p) contribution is observed in the triplet–triplet absorption spectrum of 4-ABP in cyclohexane.


For over two decades, our laboratories have been involved in translational research by designing nucleic acid probes and assays for karyotype analysis of mammalian cells and tissues. Due to its clinical significance, most probes and assays were developed for the analysis of human specimens ranging from oocyte and sperm to zygotes and in vitro fertilization embryos, fetal and extra‐embryonic tissues to somatic cells from childhood and adulthood tumors. The goals of our probe development efforts aimed at assays that provide the highest possible specificity, outstanding signal‐to‐noise ratios and excellent reproducibility, while minimizing the cost of multiplexed assays. Initial developments targeted gender determination of preimplantation embryos and/or the detection of numerical or structural chromosome abnormalities using single cell, multi‐probe/‐color fluorescence in situ hybridi‐zation (FISH). Many of the early probes based on chromosome‐ or locus‐specific DNA fragments, oligonucleotides, PCR products and plasmid clones are now commercially available. However, when multiplexed assays interrogate multiple loci, the cost per assay or test is often beyond the capabilities of individual labs. In our recent developments, we took advantage of resources generated in the Intl. Human Genome Project, such as large DNA insert bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries and validated physical maps to develop breakpoint‐specific probes or chromosome enumerator DNA probes. Using BAC's as starting material, we are now able to generate specific DNA probes of unsurpassed hybridization quality for very affordable, complex but easy‐to‐apply assays in just a matter of days.


SWING (SWedish INtonation Generator) is a new tool for analysis and modelling of Swedish in- tonation by resynthesis. It was developed in or- der to facilitate analysis of regional varieties, particularly related to the Swedish prosody model. Annotated speech samples are resynthe- sized with rule based intonation and audio- visually analysed with regard to the major in- tonational varieties of Swedish. We find the tool useful in our work with testing and further de- veloping the Swedish prosody model.


The purpose of this paper is to probe into the technical route and methods to estimate the potential capacity of the Linkage between Urban-land Taking and Rural-land Giving(LUTRG).Research method is quantitative analysis.Results show that the potential capacity of LUTRG in Tianjin is estimated based on the developed model.The LUTRG potential coefficient is 1.25 and the LUTRG potential balance is 4936.60 hm2 in the planned goal years.This means that Tianjin can meet the demand of new construction land within the round of the planned period through implementing LUTRG.It is concluded that the methods developed in the paper on estimating the LUTRG potential can reflect the actual area,and thus can serve as the basis for land consolidation planning and the references for the LUTRG policy reform and innovation.


Background Intensive support teams (ISTs) are recommended for individuals with intellectual disabilities who display behaviours that challenge. However, there is currently little evidence about the clinical and cost-effectiveness of IST models operating in England. Aims To investigate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of IST models. Method We carried out a cohort study to evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of two previously identified IST models (independent and enhanced) in England. Adult participants (n = 226) from 21 ISTs (ten independent and 11 enhanced) were enrolled. The primary outcome was change in challenging behaviour between baseline and 9 months as measured by the Aberrant Behaviour Checklist-Community version 2. Results We found no statistically significant differences between models for the primary outcome (adjusted β = 4.27; 95% CI −6.34 to 14.87; P = 0.430) or any secondary outcomes. Quality-adjusted life-years (0.0158; 95% CI: −0.0088 to 0.0508) and costs (£3409.95; 95% CI −£9957.92 to £4039.89) of the two models were comparable. Conclusions The study provides evidence that both models were associated with clinical improvement for similar costs at follow-up. We recommend that the choice of service model should rest with local services. Further research should investigate the critical components of IST care to inform the development of fidelity criteria, and policy makers should consider whether roll out of such teams should be mandated.


The advantages of a skew propeller related to an increase of the operational range without modifications of the optimum design are discussed. Special attention is paid to variations of blade area and radial loading distributions and the influence on pressure fluctuations on the hull, pressure side cavitation at zero thrust/full RPM and blade strength problems. Further, the effect of propeller position on total efficiency is discussed with respect to application and limitations of model testing procedures.


The inevitability of role transformations in adulthood — transformations that often involve crisis, conflict, and confusion — frame the case for adult guidance. To facilitate these changes and help clients regain a sense of control over their lives, counselors need to understand the dynamics of the decision-making process: they need to be aware of the salient issues of adulthood: and they need to confront their own age bias.