In recent years, increasing studies have shown that neutrophils have phenotypic and functional plasticity. On one hand, neutrophils could exert anti-tumor activities through cytotoxicity and activation of innate and adaptive immune responses. On the other hand, tumor and its microenvironment could induce the conversion of neutrophil phenotype and function, leading to the promotion of tumorigenesis, tumor growth and metastasis,  the stimulation of tumor angiogenesis, and the induction of immunosuppression. The clinical studies have shown that increased number of neutrophils in the blood and tumor tissues is associated with disease progression and poor prognosis of cancer patients. This paper summarizes the advances in the role, mechanism and clinical value of neutrophils in cancer. DOI:10.3781/j.issn.1000-7431.2017.55.607


We study Veech surfaces of genus 2 arising from quadratic differ- entials that are not squares of abelian differentials. We prove that all such surfaces of type (2,2) and (2,1,1) are arithmetic. In (1,1,1,1) case, we re- duce the question to abelian differentials of type (2,2) on hyperelliptic genus 3 surfaces with singularities at Weierstrass points, and we give an example of a non-arithmetic Veech surface. A Veech surface is a Riemann surface with a quadratic differential, such that the derivatives of its affine deformations with respect to the flatstructure induced by the quadratic differential, form a lattice in PSL2(R). Classification of Veech surfaces in genus 2 has been the subject of several recent works by McMullen ((McM2), (McM3)) and Calta ((Ca)). These works classify all genus 2 Veech surfaces given by quadratic differentials that are squares of abelian differentials. In this paper, we attempt to classify genus 2 Veech surfaces given by a general quadratic differential. Given a quadratic differential on a Riemann surface one can construct a double cover on which this quadratic differential pulls back to a square of an abelian differential. This provides a way to reduce the study of quadratic differentials to the study of abelian differentials on Riemann surfaces of higher genus. We extend this construction, and use it to describe genus 2 Veech surfaces given by general quadratic differentials. We prove that all Veech surfaces of genus 2 given by quadratic differentials with two double zeroes that are not squares of abelian differentials arise from tori: Theorem 1.1. All Veech surfaces in QM − 2 (2,2) are arithmetic.


Manuscript and Archival Resources Writings of Herbert Hoover Biographical Publications Early Years, 1874-1895 Mature Years, 1896-1928 Herbert Hoover: A Bibliography The Presidential Election of 1928 The Hoover Administration, 1929-1933 Foreign Policy The Presidential Election of 1932 Administration Associates Post-Presidency of Hoover, 1933-1964 Philosophy of Herbert Hoover Personal Lives of the Hoovers Historiographical Materials Iconography of the Hoovers Periodicals Index to Authors Index to Oral History Interviews Index to Subjects


The main purpose of this paper is to explore the acceptance of the business process orientation (BPO) in management practice of Serbian companies. The paper investigates the effects of business process management (BPM) on organizational performances. The empirical research was conducted on a sample of 120 enterprises by interviewing the managers , identifying their opinions and practices for the period 2012-2014. The research results demonstrate that the BPM elements have a positive influence on the performances of business processes. The obtained results are very useful for managers in Serbia, since they point out the relevance of more consistent application of business process management concept in day-to-day business activities with the aim of effective decision-making.


The Inquiry Mode Questionnaire by Harrison and Bramson was administered to 58 Japanese college students in the USA to measure their thinking styles. The analysis showed that these Japanese students scored higher on the idealist, analyst, and pragmatist styles than on the realist and synthesist styles. It was also observed that the 9 junior and 34 senior students scored as more idealistic than the 15 sophomores, and the 44 men scored higher than the 14 women on the synthesist style. A positive correlation was found between academic achievement (GPA) and scores on the analyst style. Negative correlations obtained between academic achievement and scores on the synthesist style and among scores on the thinking styles.


Abstract : This paper continues the development of the theory of Stochastic Duels to include the distribution of the number of rounds fired. Most generally, the duel between two contestants who fire at each other with constant kill probabilities per round is considered. The time between rounds fired may be either a continuous random variable or it may be constant. These two cases are treated separately. The number of rounds available to each contestant at the beginning of the duel may be limited and is a discrete random variable. Besides the distribution of rounds fired, its first two moments and right tail are obtained. In addition to general results, special cases and specific examples are worked out. (Author)


Objective: To obtain an optimum and validated method for analyzing lercanidipine in plasma using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography of Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS).Methods: The separation was carried out using 1.7μm (2.1 x 100 mm) Waters AcquityTM UPLC C18 column, a mobile phase of the 0.1% formic acid-methanol mixture (20:80 v/v) with isocratic elution, 30 °C column temperature, 0.2 ml/min flow rate and amlodipine as an internal standard. Mass detection was performed with a positive XBL TQD type Electrospray Ionization (ESI) in Multiple Reaction Monitoring modes. Lercanidipine was detected at m/z value of 612.11>280.27 and amlodipine was detected at m/z value 409.1>238.15. The optimum sample preparation method was a liquid-liquid extraction using 5 ml of n-hexane-ethyl acetate (50:50 v/v), vortex mixed for 3 min, centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 20 min, evaporated with nitrogen at 50 °C for 30 min, and the residue was reconstituted with 100 μl of mobile phase.Results: The method was linear in the range of 0.025-10 ng/ml with r ≥ 0.9986. Accuracy and precision within-run and between-run met the requirements with %diff and %CV, not exceeding ± 15% and not more than ± 20% for Lower Limit of Quantification (LLOQ) concentration.Conclusion: It was concluded that the developed method met the requirements of selectivity, carry over, stability, the integrity of dilution, and matrix effects under the Guideline on Bioanalytical Method Validation by the European Medicines Agency in 2011.


INTRODUCTION For quiet standing, the ankle strategy is used for the control of human posture in which the body moves as a rigid mass around the ankle joints. In its simplest form, the body is regarded as a single-link inverted pendulum with movement at the ankle joint controlled by the human postural control system. In patients with neurological impairment, this function might be restored by functional electrical stimulation. A critical part of such a neural prosthesis is the control algorithm. The control techniques used for such dynamic and nonlinear models need to be robust, such that they can perform well in spite of variations in the dynamics and parameters when applied on a real human. Hence, it is the purpose of our study to develop such robust control algorithms for postural control and to evaluate their performance using a computational model of musculoskeletal dynamics.


With the advance on computer science technology, the attackers' ability has continuously improved as well, and their artifices are getting more and more sophisticated. To secure the system, an intrusion detection system is usually deployed to notice the administrator when abnormal events happen. However, due to the poor quality of IDS alerts, massive quantity of alerts will hold analysts back when defending. Furthermore, it is not enough to avoid the attacking threats only knowing current crisis. With the assist of prediction, defenders can one step ahead of the attackers to increase the successful defense rate. In this paper, we propose a network attack prediction framework based on the improved attack graph. Two probability propagation functions are designed to update the probabilities for the next connected nodes. Through the pre-drawn probability attack graph, the administrator can realize all possible weak spots and attack paths in the system. Moreover, this paper provides a mapping function to map the exact alert as an evidence to the node of the attack graph to recalculate the probabilities in the attack graph and predict the most likely attacking path in the current situation.


The stability of tailings dam is a multifactor-influenced and highly nonlinear problem. In this paper, an Evolutionary Artificial Neural Network (EANN) model was proposed to deal with this problem. In the proposed model, 9 influence factors are adopted as input variables, which are divided into three main categories, i.e., topography, geology and external influence factors. The Genetic Algorithm is used to optimize initial weight distribution of a Back Propagation network. The factor of safety predicted by the EANN model has an error less than 3% as compared with that value calculated by Bishop's method. This justifies that the EANN is an effective method for assessing the stability of tailings dam. From saliency analysis, it is found that the gradient of tailings dam, friction angle of tailings and the surface flow are the predominant influence factors to the factor of safety.


JEL classification: F37 F33 G11 G15 F21 C25 Keywords: Euro International diversification Volatility Serial correlation stability European stock markets Prospects of the Euro Benefits of monetary union a b s t r a c t By examining the impact of the introduction of the Euro on stock markets and on country diversification within the Eurozone, the evidence does not suggest a high risk to the stock market to justify a risk premium as a result of currency union. Although the Euro market integration has increased inter-country correlations, it does not preclude gains from international diversification, which partially rely on the non-Eurozone countries for an optimal portfolio in a mean-variance framework. Furthermore, the empirical evidence supports that there is a significant stationarity of average correlations over time between pre-Euro and post-Euro periods, and it has improved since the introduction of the Euro. Also, results show that the Euro produced a change in volatility with a different pace within the Eurozone vis-à-vis non-Eurozone countries, to support a direct and opposite relationship between volatility and correlation.


A method using beamforming algorithm has been developed to measure oblique incidence reflection coefficients of sound absorption materials. MUSIC(multiple signal classification) method detects the angles of incidence and reflection. By separating the incident and reflected waves using beamforming method, the reflection coefficient is calculated. Spatial smoothing technique Is also used to reduce the coherence between the incident and reflected waves. Numerical and experiment results are performed to verify the accuracy of proposed method.


Studied the effect of crossing Bestuzhev and red Danish breed. To obtain the test herd there was selection of Bestuzhev purebred cows of I and II lactation with milk yield in 305 days from 2436 to 2532kg, when the fat content in milk from 3,81 to 3,90% and live weight from 443 to 459kg. In this case, one half of the cows were inseminated by sperm of purebred breeding bull Rostka 2377 and the other with the sperm of the bull of the red Danish breed Torpana 2379 MN-31. 2 groups of experimental heifers were formed on the principle of analogues (10 heads) from the resulting offspring after birth, in the I group (control) heifers from the bull Rostka 2377 were, and in the II group (experienced) from the bull Torpana 2379 MN-31. The experience lasted from birth to 18 months of age. Feeding heifers was carried out on a balanced and nutritious diets and 1 fodder unit had 109 g of digestible protein. Animal welfare conform to the hygienic standards. The results showed that heifers of the experimental group exceeded their peers in the control group on body weight both at birth and at 6, 12 and 18 months of age, respectively, and they had higher average daily gains and higher energy growth. On a higher level of occurrence of assimilation processes in the body of experienced heifers against control is evidenced by the increased content in the blood of erythrocytes and hemoglobin. Thus, crossing Bestuzhev and red Danish breed has had a positive impact on the growth and development of heifers during growth, which contributes to better implementation of bioresource potential of their meat productivity with greater payment of forage by growth and reduction of its cost.


WIFI technology is the emerging technology of wireless field which have the features of high-speed transmission and wide range covering.It received increasing attention.In view of WIFI network has many security problems,the paper briefly introduces the concept and characteristics of WIFI,on the basis of which analysis the WIFI network security mechanism in detail.And then,the article focuses on the core technology of the WPA and the safety problems.Finally,safety precautions should be taken to use the WIFI network is put foreword.


This paper makes discussion on digitalized construction of minor public libraries in less-developed inland areas from aspects of the provision of hardware and software and personnel training,etc.


Pinch analysis is now the main method to synthesize mass exchanger networks,usually minimum external lean stream flow-rate as objective.The capital cost could not be considered in the network analysis or it is difficult to take capital cost into consideration.With the deficiency of pinch analysis in mind,this paper presents a method for synthesizing the mass exchanger networks considering not only operating cost but also capital cost by using Genetic-Alopex mixing algorithms.According to the peculiarity of Genetic-Alopex algorithms and mass exchanger networks,a mathematical model for mass exchanger networks synthesis is developed.The model uses the total annual cost as objective.A simplified capital cost law is used for determining the number of stages required,which is then converted to a capital cost.The solving process for mass exchanger network synthesis by using Genetic-Alopex algorithms is introduced.This method is applied to a coke-oven gas-sweetening examples to contrast with the pinch technology.The examples computed by Genetic-Alopex algorithm show that the total annual cost is lower though the operating cost is sometimes higher.


The present invention provides a kind of copper gluconate preparation method and the copper gluconate prepared using this method, is related to nutrition fortifier, food additives field, and the present invention adds basic copper carbonate using to glucolactone solution, stood still for crystals after stirring;And the crystal prepared by the method for semi-solid phase crystallization is used, and crystallization cost is greatly reduced, crystallization yields are effectively improved, good product quality, and also production equipment is simple, and energy consumption is low.The present invention solves copper gluconate solubility height and to temperature-insensitive, and crystallization is difficult, and copper gluconate volume water alcohol method or condensing crystallizing production cost height are produced at present and has certain influence, the problem of yield is relatively low on product quality.


The tantaium-niobium alloy system was investigated by means of x-ray, electrical resistance and metallographic methods. The constitution diagram is an unbroken series of solid solutions. No evidence of a solid transformation was found in any of the alloys. The solidus line rises smoothly from the melting point of niobium, 2420 deg C (4388 deg F), to the melting point obtnined for tantaium, 2940 deg C (5324 deg F), and the liquidus was found to follow quite closely the path taken by the solidus. Experimental results are given and equipment is described. (auth)


,The U.S. Supreme Court is currently in the process of establishing a revolutionary doctrine that assures the right of consumers to receive certain information and the right of proprietors of the information to disseminate it. In establishing this doctrine, the Court is pulling together dicta from both "access" and "commercial speech" cases. At the same time, there appears to be a movement under way in some segments of society that in many ways is in direct conflict with the Court's developing doctrine. The resolution of this conflict may have profound implications for the future of advertising.


Bidirectional effects in airborne remote sensing data are governed by land surface reflectance characteristics, atmospheric scattering and the sun‐object‐sensor angular relationship. These factors introduce brightness variations in the data that render quantitative analysis more difficult. On the other hand, bidirectional reflectance distribution functions (BRDF) of land surfaces provide information about the physical characteristics of the surface. This study has two objectives. The first is to reduce brightness variations in aerial false colour imagery using empirical methods. The second is to test if bidirectional effects must be modelled using sample data only for the land surface type under analysis or can another surrogate land cover type, which may be easier to sample in the imagery, be used. The method is based on multiple view angle imaging of two reference land surfaces using highly overlapping stereo frame format imagery. Reduction of BRDF effects includes derivation of a quantification factor used in a formula based on the Rayleigh scattering function. The performance of the method is determined by evaluating the residual variations in mean digital number (DN) of several test plots located in two overlapping images. The study area is a temperate deciduous forest damaged to varying degrees by a severe ice storm in 1998. For sixteen test plots throughout the forest, it was found that the mean DN values of the plots in the two images became more similar when the correction model was derived from samples of the same deciduous forests. However, a BRDF model derived from samples of vegetated fields nearby reduced the variations between images for some of the sixteen forest plots more than the forest BRDF model. These plots were less damaged, had high canopy cover, and were located on steep slopes oriented towards the sun. They had scattering characteristics more similar to the fields than to the deciduous forest as a whole. Two principal conclusions were derived. First, it is essential that the model used to derive the BRDF correction be from the same land cover as the land cover type under study. Second, the suitability of the quantification factors for the BRDF correction provided additional information about the forest structure and damage level.


AIM
To analyze the pathological electrical activity during the acute period after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to search for potential morphological correlates of this activity in the neocortex and hippocampus.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
The study was performed on male Sprague Dawley rats. TBI was modeled using a lateral hydrodynamic impact in the sensorimotor cortex area. ECoG was continuously recorded one week before and one week after TBI. A histological analysis was performed one week after TBI. Brain slices were Nissl stained as well as immunohistochemically stained for astrocytes (GFAP) and microglia (Isolectin B4). The damage to the neocortex and hippocampus was evaluated.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
The slowdown of the background activity one and six hours after TBI and appearance of epileptiform activity in a half of animals one week after TBI were shown. The number of discharges was correlated with the area of astrocyte gliosis in the neocortex and with the number of dark (ischemic-like) neurons in the hippocampus. Microglial activation did not correlate with the epileptiform activity. These data are important to understanding early mechanisms of post-trauma epileptogenesis.


Harsh environments, such as those found near the mouths of flare stacks in petroleum refineries, present substantial challenges for quantitative detection of pollutant gases. The flare setting presents difficulties not only for controlling the electronic-based response of a sensor, but also for long-term mehanical stability and overall device integrity due high maximum temperatures (> 500 °C), large temperature gradients, and the possibility of steam and/or liquids travelling through the stack with the expelled gas stream. With high surface reactivity and an ability to withstand extreme temperatures, metal oxide ceramic materials are prime candidates for gas sensing in harsh environments (1). However, the complex surface chemistry that allows these materials to be electronically sensitive to surface-adsorbed gases also introduces a host of difficulties including photoactivity, poor selectivity among different target gases, and interactions with water. Addressing this issue in the context of off-shore petroleum flares, our investigations focus on identifying factors that adversely affect the selective gas sensing abilities of ZnO-based materials under the wide range of humidity conditions that are present in flare stack environments. Our sensor elements consist of substrate-supported ZnO thin films produced by drying a suspension of nanoscale ZnO particles. The ZnO was prepared using a solid-state metathesis reaction, which is a versatile technique for producing metal oxide particles with sizes ~10-1000 nm (2). ZnCl2 and NaOH salts (1:2 mass ratio) were manually pulverized and blended together to initiate the following reaction:


A dynamic test of-chin strap strength was introduced into the British Standard BS 2495 in 1980. This test has subsequently been adapted for bicycle and horse riding helmets without the same correlation between accident and test failures being established. The causes of force peaks and oscillations in the test traces have been identified, and a means was found of obtaining reliable chin strap force measurements. Recommendations are made for improving the test so that chain straps and buckles are adequately strong but not over-designed.


(57) Abstract: the A mucosa, particularly oral examination, particulate conjugate vaccines against certain pathogenic microorganisms, particularly intracellular pathogenic microorganisms, are disclosed. Ingredients in the immunization of this type of vaccine, the biodegradable microparticles (especially starch microparticles), such as tuberculosis or S. Enteritidis (multiplied the linked starch particles (e.g. polyacryl starch microparticles), possibly through a linker consisting generation test - such as are utilized), the recovery from a particular pathogenic microorganisms. Furthermore, the recovery - to a mammal and use certain pathogenic microorganisms of generating test method of inducing protective immunity is to biodegradable microparticles for the production of particulate conjugate vaccine mucosa, perhaps leverage through a linker has been described was derived from a particular pathogenic microorganisms.


In the rapid development of GaAs Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors (QWIPs) we have fabricated a 1,024 x 1,024 (1K x 1K), 8-12 μm infrared focal plane array (FPA). This focal plane array is a hybrid using an L3 Cincinnati Electronics silicon readout integrated circuit (ROIC) bump bonded to the 1 megapixel GaAs QWIP. This effort was a collaboration of engineers at the Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) and L3 Cincinnati Electronics (L3). We have integrated this focal plane into an SE-IR based imaging camera system and performed tests over the 55K-77K temperature range. As in previous developments the ease of fabrication of the GaAs array continues to be a valuable asset. The overall focal plane development costs are currently dominated by the costs associated with the silicon readout/hybridization. The GaAs array fabrication is based on a high yield, well-established GaAs processing capability. The broadband long wavelength response of this array combined with markedly improved quantum efficiency is of particular value in science applications where spectroscopy is required. One of the features of GaAs QWIP technology is the ability to precisely design and fabricate arrays responsive to a particular IR spectral region but the spectral response is typically only a few tenths of a micrometer wide limiting the spectral information content. By broadening the spectral response of this device the applications for imaging and spectroscopy are substantially increased. In this paper we will present the latest results of our corrugated 1K x 1K, 8-12 μm infrared focal plane array development including fabrication methodology, test data and experiments.


An optimum flexible wing structure with enhanced roll maneuver capability at high dynamic pressures is designed. A flexible wing optimized for weight with constraints on strength for 9-g symmetric pull-up maneuver at M=0.85 and constraints on the frequency distribution were used. Elastic twist and camber are achieved by providing a system of actuating elements distributed within the internal substructure of the wing to provide control forces. The modal approach was used to develop equilibrium equations for the steady roll maneuver of a wing subjected to acrodynamic loads and actuating forces. The distribution of actuating forces to achieve a specified flexible roll rate was determined by using an optimal control design approach. Here, a full-scale realistic wing was considered for the assessment of strain energy as a measure of the necessary power required to produce the antisymmetric twist and camber deformation to achieve the required roll performance


Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of breast conserving surgery for early stage breast cancer,provide a basis for breast conserving surgery and comprehensive treatment for early stage breast cancer.Methods:68 patients undergoing breast conserving surgery were analyzed retrospectively from January 2005 to July 2008.The mode of surgery was segmental mastectomy plus axillary lymph node dissection,postoperative adjuvant comprehensive treatment was given.Results:All the patients were alive and followed up for 4~42 months,only 5 patients were recurrent.Conclusion:Satisfactory clinical effect can be achieved by breast conserving surgery for early stage breast cancer,which is worthy of clinical expansion.


Abstract
Preferential carbon monoxide oxidation in rich-H2 (PROX) is very important for polymer electrolyte fuel cells to efficiently remove CO from hydrogen. Several kinds of bimetallic heterogeneous catalysts have been found to be highly active and selective in the PROX reaction. Among them, supported bimetallic MFe (M = Ir and Pt) catalysts are proved to be the most promising candidates for practical applications. In this presentation, the novel results will be reported on the main application of Mossbauer spectroscopy in ambient and quasi in-situ conditions to understand the structural property and catalytic mechanism of the MFe catalysts in the PROX reaction.


In this work we present the characterization of CMOS Active Pixel Sensors (APS) manufactured in a standard twin-tub 0.18μm technology conceived for direct soft X-rays and MIP detection applications, i.e. without the adoption of scintillating and/or photomultiplier layers coupled to the chip. To this purpose, different pixel options have been exploited, looking for the best trade-off between full-well capacity and noise degradation effects. For test purposes, different X-rays radiation sources have been used, allowing for the sensor calibration with respect to radiation of different energies. X-rays imaging capabilities and spatial resolution analyses have been carried out, along with energy resolution analyses, looking for potential applications of such a class of sensors in material analyses and/or medical imaging.


A 50-item questionnaire designed to assess information on attitudes about women and work was mailed to a sample of ACES members. Responses from 128 males and 64 females were analyzed. On the basis of an earlier survey of school counselors, it was expected that females would be better informed and express more positive attitudes than males. It was also expected that younger members would express more positive attitudes than older ones. It was found that, in general, ACES members are well informed and express positive attitudes. However, substantial numbers of members made incorrect or unfavorable responses to at least 25 percent of the items. Such responses appeared as likely to occur for either sex and irrespective of age, but men appeared to be misinformed about more fundamental matters than women.


Based on geological background and features of ore formation in the Tongling area,including genetic analysis of already found deposits and discussion of deep-seated ore-forming geological conditions,this paper made a preliminary study on the ore-prospecting depth,deposit types to prospect,ore-prospecting direction and sections in the Tongling area.


Several wastewater treatment plants technologies have been set up in the Egyptian villages; however, the most efficient and economical technology hasn't been determined. This research aims to distinguish between the wastewater treatments plants which are used in rural Egypt to find out the best between them. The data about Centralized and Decentralized wastewater treatment plants which are used in rural Egypt using group of factors has been collected to distinguish between the characterizations of these plants by doing a questionnaire to evaluate the weight of these factors. The questionnaire has been given to experts to evaluate the factors for getting relative weights of them. Expert evaluated the factors according to his importance by choosing a mark from the lowest value one to the highest value ten. After receiving the results of the questionnaire from the experts, the data were processed to find out the best group of results of these plants. The largest percentage of Relative Weights of factors is Efficiency, followed by Costs, Average load removed, Specific surface area, Average flow and Average population. The best three centralized wastewater treatment plants were from the aerobic treatment.


A manufacturing method forms solid dosage decay rapidly, characterized by the fact that we proceed to dispense one or more components to build the structure as a mixture solid powder into the cavities of containers strips of packaging blisters or molds, dosed and the remaining components dissolved in water, the solid mixture powder to form a moistened, plasticized mass, is frozen at a temperature below a level of -20 was added, and the water is sublimed in high vacuum.


Effect of external radiation on flame propagation phenomena of ethylene premixed gas was investigated. The mixture is charged in the combustion tube of 50 mm in diameter at 0.1 MPa and CO2 laser was used as an external radiation source. We found that flame oscillation phenomena occurred in some conditions. The results showed that when CO2 laser power was stronger than a given value and the Full-Width-Half-Maximum (FWHM) of CO2 laser was 5 mm, flame oscillation occurred clearly. The flame oscillation pattern was influenced by the component of gas mixture and gravitational condition. It was suggested that this phenomena is caused by the transformation of flame front curvature by locally increased flame speed which closely relates with thermal-diffusive flame instability in combination with flame stretch effect.


The invention discloses a melting solidification integrated method and a melting solidification integrated system for the incineration of hazardous wastes and incinerated fly ash. The method comprises the following steps of: incinerating and melting the hazardous wastes by using a multi-section incinerator which consists of a slag rotary kiln and a secondary combustion chamber; recovering the heat of smoke generated during incineration by using an afterheat boiler; conveying fly ash collected by a bag-type dust collector to the slag rotary kiln by using a silo pump and a fly ash return pipeline; performing compatibility on the fly ash and medical wastes, so that the fly ash is melted at a high temperature in the slag rotary kiln; and performing water quenching to form vitreous slag, and wrapping heavy metal by using the slag to realize the stable solidification of the metal. In the method, heat energy generated by combusting the hazardous wastes is utilized fully to provide energy for the melting solidification of the fly ash, the problem of high cost of stabilization treatment of the fly ash is solved while the innocent treatment of the hazardous wastes is realized, running cost is reduced, and the important effects of energy conservation, emission reduction and waste control by the wastes are achieved; and due to the adoption of an integrated design, the integrated system is reasonably and compactly connected and has a mature equipment structure and higher economy.


The CD23 antigen, a low-affinity receptor for IgE (FceRfl), is a type I membrane-bound glycoprotein exprs on various cells, particularly mature B cells. A number of fnts have been ascribed to CD23, including specific regulation of IgE production, IgE-medlated yotoxicIty and release of mediators, IgE-dependent anten fang, promotion of B-cell growth, prevention of genal center B cells from apoptoss, p ife of myelold precursors, and maturation of early thymocytes. It is not clear whether these activities represent invivo fons. To explore us vivo functim of CD23, we have produced CD23-deflcient mice. These mice displayed normal lymphocyte differentiation and could mount normal antibody iespuding gE responses upon Immnization with T-dependent antgs and infection With Npeuoslrongrus brwsensis. Germinal center formation after immunization and in vitro proliferative response B cells were not afected in mutant mice. However, antigen-pecific IgE-medlated enhancement of antibody responses was severely hpiced CD23 is a type II membrane-bound glycoprotein expressed mainly on mature B cells (1, 2). The extracellular carboxylterminal of this molecule is released from cells as soluble CD23 (3). This molecule has been originally identified as a low-affinity Fc receptor for IgE (FcERII) expressed on human peripheral blood B cells and some lymphoblastoid cell lines by Spiegelberg and his colleagues (4, 5). Independently, CD23 has been described as a B-cell activation antigen expressed on Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed B cells (6, 7). Molecular cloning of FceRII has demonstrated the identity between FceRII and CD23 (2, 8). The IgE binding activity ofCD23 implies its role in effector functions of IgE and regulation of IgE synthesis (9). In fact, CD23 on monocytes, macrophages, and eosinophils has been reported to be involved in IgE-dependent cytotoxicity and mediator release (10, 11). Some anti-CD23 antibodies and soluble CD23 have been shown to modify in vitro IgE secretion of human B cells (12-14). Recently, it has been reported that an interaction of CD23 with CD21, a molecule known as an EBV receptor or a complement receptor 2, is involved in IgE production in humans and rats (15, 16). However, a role of CD23 in regulation of IgE production is still controversial since most of these functions cannot be reproduced in the mouse system (17). A tight correlation between CD23 expression and EBV transformation ofB cells suggests a possible role of CD23 in the transformation and growth of B cells. Affinity-purified soluble CD23 promotes the proliferation of both activated normal B cells and EBV-transformed B cells (18). Gordon et al. (19) have reported that purified native and recombinant soluble CD23 induced the proliferation of activated human B cells. However, experiments by other groups, including ours, have failed to reproduce this activity in human and mouse systems (17, 20). In addition, CD23 has been shown to induce the proliferation ofhuman myeloid precursors (21) and the maturation of human early thymocytes (22). A question may be raised whether all of these activities really represent in vivo functions of CD23. To reevaluate the functions of CD23 in vivo, we have produced CD23-deficient mice. These mice displayed normal lymphocyte differentiation and could mount normal antibody responses; however, antigen-specific IgE-mediated enhancement of antibody responses was severely impaired. MATERIAL AND METHODS Gene Targeting. The targeting vector contained a 4.1-kb segment of the mouse CD23 gene encompassing exon 2 to exon 4 (23) (Fig. 1A). The CD23 mutation was created by inserting a neomycin-resistance gene cassette (neo) of the vector pMC1 neo-poly A (24) into the Pvu II site within exon 4. The herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene (25) was added to the 5' end of the genomic sequence. Twenty micrograms of the vector was linearized at the 3' end with Xho I, mixed with 107 E14-1 embryonic stem (ES) cells (kindly provided by R. Kdhn, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Germany) in 0.8 ml of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; Ca2+ and Mg2+ free), and electroporated at 500 juF and 230 V (Bio-Rad Gene Pulser). Twenty-four hours after electroporation, the selection was started with the medium containing 300-400 pAg of G418 per ml (GIBCO) and 2 pM gancyclovir (gift from Syntex, Tokyo). Individual drug-resistant colonies were picked and expanded for further analysis. Targeted ES clones were injected into blastocysts isolated from C57BL/6 and transferred to foster mothers. Southern Blot and Northern Blot Analysis. Genomic DNA was prepared from ES cells and adult tail tips as described (26, 27). To ascertain targeting of the CD23 allele, 15 ptg of DNA was digested with Sph I or Aat I and probed with a 0.4-kb BstEII/Xba I (Probe A, Fig. 1A) or a 0.6-kb BamHI/ Xba I genomic DNA fragment (Probe B, Fig. 1A), respectively. Incorporation of the single neomycin-resistance gene Abbreviations: ES, embryonic stem; DNP, 2,4-dinitrophenyl; OA, ovalbumin; CFA, complete Freund's adjuvant; Nb, Nippostrongyrus brasiliensis; FITC-, fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated; PNA, peanut agglutinin; EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; IL, interleukin; TNP, 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl. §To whom reprint requests should be addressed. 6835 Tle publication costs of this article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U.S.C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. 6836 Immunology: Fujiwara et al. was further confirmed using a neo probe. For analysis of CD23 mRNA, total RNA was prepared from splenic B cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 10 ug/ml) in the presence of interleukin 4 (IL-4; 60 units/ml, Genzyme) for 36 hr as described (28), electrophoresed, transferred to Hybond-N (Amersham), and hybridized with a CD23 cDNA fragment or a jactin probe. Immunization and ELISAs. Seven-week-old mice were immunized i.p. with 50 Ag of 2,4-dinitrophenyl ovalbumin (DNP-OA) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) to induce IgM, IgG, and IgA, or in alum to induce IgE, at day 0 and given booster immunizations on day 14. DNP-specific antibody responses after immunization were measured by ELISA with DNP-bovine serum albumin-coated plates except for the IgE class. Alkaline phosphatase-labeled isotypespecific antibodies (Southern Biotechnology Associates) were used for detection. For the DNP-specific IgE antibody assay, plates were coated with anti-IgE monoclonal antibody 77, diluted sample and standard antibody SPE-7 (29) (antiDNP monoclonal IgE antibody) (both antibodies were kindly provided by Y. Hattori, Kowa Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan) were added, and bound DNP-specific IgE was detected by biotinylated DNP-human serum albumin followed by avidin-horseradish peroxidase.


In view of the status quo of small banks in China, the study put forward a strategic transformation framework for them based on the perspective of Composition-based View which provides a new strategic transformation path. Moreover, the appropriate measures that proposed for the implementation of small banks in transition provide a new way of thinking. Entrepreneur ability and collaboration-oriented are internal drivers of banks to implement the strategy while availability of external resources and customer demand areexternal drivers. According to the framework of the compositional strategic transformation, compositional strategy can be implemented by banks via compositional-offering and compositional-competition.


The authors report on the fabrication, characterization, and transport properties of TlBaCaCuO (TBCCO) high-T/sub c/ superconducting films made from a low-cost, simple spray pyrolysis technique. This technique is applicable to the fabrication of large-area films for the design and fabrication of conformal superconducting coatings and large-area microwave devices. A high annealing temperature, close to the melting point of TBCCO, is needed in order to eliminate flaws, voids, and cracks. Measurements on the films showed relatively modest critical current densities. There was significant improvement in the critical current density by using an annealing temperature of approximately 895 degrees C. At this temperature, the material melted partially and showed improved surface morphology. >


Six species of Criconematidae recently found in Iran, are reviewed. Criconemoides decipiens is described as a new species, characterized by very low number of annules (36-41) and strongly crenate posterior margins of annules. C. paragoodeyi known only from Korea so far, is recorded from Iran.


Hyaluronic acid (HA), a large non-sulfated glycosaminoglycan, is one of the major components of extracellular matrix (ECM) in connective tissues and other organs. Currently, it is widely used as a dietary supplement, especially for treatment or prevention of aging-related disorders. On the other hand, HA has been reported with an increased risk of kidney stone disease, particularly calcium oxalate (CaOx) type, but with unclear mechanisms. We therefore performed systematic analyses for its modulatory effects on CaOx monohydrate (COM) crystal at various steps of kidney stone formation processes.

 HA at 1, 10, 100, 1000 and 10,000 ng/ml was tested in various assays for COM crystallization, crystal growth, aggregation, crystal-cell adhesion and invasion through ECM.

 COM crystallization and crystal aggregation were not affected by HA at all concentrations. However, HA significantly promoted COM crystal growth and adhesion onto renal tubular cells in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, COM crystal invasion through the ECM was dramatically enhanced by HA even at very low concentration (such as 1 ng/ml).

 Our findings provide evidence for promoting effects of HA on COM crystal growth, adhesion on renal tubular cell surface and invasion through the ECM, all of which are the important steps for kidney stone formation.

 TRF-IRN grant.


The primary function of air locks in nuclear process facilities is to control the spread of radioactive contamination. Proper architectural and ventilation design of air locks is essential for this effective contamination control; however, there are no industrial standards for air lock design despite its importance. To develop air lock design guidelines, tests, along with an extensive literature search, were conducted at the Savannah River Plant (SRP) in Aiken, South Carolina. Three different air lock design methods were evaluated, and it was found that the Combined Ventilation Air Method is the most effective. The literature search supported the tests, and design guidelines were developed that enhanced the process of contamination control. 5 refs., 10 figs.


This article analyzes the strategic use of public policy as a tool for reshaping public opinion. In the 1990s, "progressive revisionists" argued that, by reforming welfare, liberals could free the Democratic Party of a significant electoral liability, reduce the race-coding of poverty politics, and produce a public more willing to invest in anti-poverty efforts. Connecting this argument to recent scholarship on policy feedback, we pursue a quantitative case study of the potential for new policies to move public opinion. Our analysis reveals that welfare reform in the 1990s produced few changes in mass opinion. To explain this result, we propose a general framework for the analysis of mass feedback effects. After locating welfare as a "distant-visible" case in this framework, we advance four general propositions that shed light on our case-specific findings as well as the general conditions under which mass feedback effects should be viewed as more or less likely. *For helpful comments and advice on earlier versions of this material, we thank Fred Block, Maria Cancian, David Canon, John Coleman, Scott Gehlbach, Jacob Hacker, Eric MacGilvray, Suzanne Mettler, Erin O'Brien, Frances Fox Piven, Gina Sapiro, Lee Sigelman, Kathy Cramer Walsh, David Weimer, participants at the conference, Making the Politics of Poverty and Inequality, and the anonymous reviewers of our manuscript. An old saw in political science, often attributed to E.E. Schattschneider (1935), holds that "new policies create a new politics." It is an insight lost on few successful politicians. Like good chess players, lawmakers must often "think two moves ahead" when designing policy. As they gauge how a new policy will affect relevant social problems, strategic politicians also consider its potential to mobilize or mollify the opposition, create pressures for further action, appease or outrage the party faithful, redistribute political resources, change the terms of political debate, and so on. In the iterative game of politics, it pays to design policies in ways that yield advantages in the next round. As a result, policies must be analyzed, not only as efforts to achieve expressed social and economic goals, but also as forms of political action designed to enhance particular actors' abilities to achieve long-term political goals. In this article, we analyze welfare reform as a political strategy designed to move public opinion in directions more conducive to liberal political goals. Specifically, we ask whether "ending welfare as we knew it" made the public more willing to help the poor and support the Democratic Party, and we use this case to theorize the conditions under which policy change can produce "mass feedback" in public opinion. The idea that "new policies create a new politics" has drawn renewed attention in recent years, as students of policy feedback have sought to show more precisely how specific types of policies set particular political forces in motion (Skocpol 1992; Pierson 1993). In most of the empirical literature on this topic, the political effects examined have been largely unintended and have focused on either elites and organized interests (Hacker 2002) or the proximate targets of public policies (Campbell 2003; Mettler 2005). In this article, we address the use of policy design as a conscious political strategy and extend the study of feedback to elite efforts to alter the preferences, beliefs, and behaviors of broad mass publics. In the 1990s, an influential group of political actors argued that, by reforming welfare and making aid recipients "play by the rules," the Democratic Party could shed an electoral liability, free poverty politics from the crippling effects of racial resentment, and create a public opinion environ ment more favorable to anti-poverty


A multi-edge framework for unequal error protecting (UEP) LT codes is derived by distinguishing between the edges connected to each protection class. Under the framework introduced, two existing techniques for the design of unequal error protecting LT codes can be evaluated and explained in a unified way. Furthermore, a simple and flexible design technique is proposed for UEP LT codes with good performance.


Ocean wave spectrum are mainly estimated from wave surface records, and traditional methods involve physically-based modeling of wave dynamics and frequency analysis. In this paper, we employ machine learning strategy and propose a Seq2Seq (sequence to sequence) model which connects the encoder and decoder with an attention mechanism. This model can both effectively predict wave spectrum and be easily implemented. Experiments on numerical simulations show the feasibility of the proposed model in wave spectrum estimation and the accuracy comparing with traditional methods.


: Network virtualization technology such as cloud edges (CEs) will contribute to the cost-e ff ective construction of carrier networks while maintaining saving of hardware and bandwidth resources. In this letter, we propose a future metro network architecture based on Next-Generation Passive Optical Network Stage 2 technologies to support CEs. This makes it possible to reduce the number of transmitters and receivers for the accommodation of both user tra ffi c and tra ffi c between CEs cost-e ff ectively by sharing burst-mode transmitters and burst-mode receivers between CEs. We execute the preliminary evaluation of network capital expenditure with the proposed method by numerical simulation.


Understanding users' intentions in e-commerce platforms requires commonsense knowledge. In this paper, we present FolkScope, an intention knowledge graph construction framework to reveal the structure of humans' minds about purchasing items. As commonsense knowledge is usually ineffable and not expressed explicitly, it is challenging to perform information extraction. Thus, we propose a new approach that leverages the generation power of large language models~(LLMs) and human-in-the-loop annotation to semi-automatically construct the knowledge graph. LLMs first generate intention assertions via e-commerce-specific prompts to explain shopping behaviors, where the intention can be an open reason or a predicate falling into one of 18 categories aligning with ConceptNet, e.g., IsA, MadeOf, UsedFor, etc. Then we annotate plausibility and typicality labels of sampled intentions as training data in order to populate human judgments to all automatic generations. Last, to structurize the assertions, we propose pattern mining and conceptualization to form more condensed and abstract knowledge. Extensive evaluations and studies demonstrate that our constructed knowledge graph can well model e-commerce knowledge and have many potential applications.


The invention discloses a PID (Potential Induced Degradation)-resistant circuit and a monitoring device thereof. The PID-resistant circuit comprises a photovoltaic cell, an inverter and a ground circuit, wherein the anode of the photovoltaic cell is connected with the anode of the direct-current input of the inverter through an anode relay; the cathode of the photovoltaic cell is connected with the cathode of the direct-current input of the inverter through a cathode relay; the ground circuit comprises a fusing protection circuit and a current sensor; the fusing protection circuit consists of a fuse and a protective resistor which are connected in parallel; and one end of the ground circuit is connected with the cathode of the direct-current input of the inverter, and the other end of the ground circuit passing through the fusing protection circuit and the current sensor is grounded. Due to the adoption of the PID-resistant circuit, the phenomenon of PID existing in a photovoltaic cell panel can be eliminated effectively; and meanwhile, ground leakage protection and detection are performed on an entire photovoltaic cell panel array, so that electric shock accidents are avoided and rapid detection of ground short-circuit fault is realized.


The system we discuss in this paper is: dx/dt = x(a0+ a1x- a2x2- a3y3) -h0, dy/dt =y(x-1), where a0 0, a2 0, a3 0, h0 0, a1 can be positive or negative. We study thebehaviors of the equilibria and the stability of the system. The nonexistence of closed orbit is exploited by Pioncare and Dulac function. The conditions of existence and uniqueness of the limit cycle around the neighborhood of the positive equilibrium exploited by Hopf burfication and Uniqueness Theorem of Zhang-zifen,respectly. The significance of the conclusions we get are interpreted at the same time.


I'd like to thank Dick Nance and Randy Sadowski for inviting me to give this address. I was somewhat reluctant to do so, as I have been out of touch with the simulation community and was afraid that too much had changed since I was active to make me feel comfortable as a keynote speaker. They persuaded me otherwise. However, review of material I received in the mail over the past few months has convinced me that little has changed: a new book by Michael Pidd, Computer Modeling for Discrete Simulation contains a "brilliant debate" on whether C or Pascal is better for simulation, according to a review in Computer magazine. I thought we had gotten beyond low-level languages years ago. A 1991 issuance from Computer Science Press, Modern Statistical, Systems, and GPSS Simulation: The First Course is centered on GPSS, the granddaddy of simulation languages. A review of a message I wrote as General Chairman for the Fourth Conference on Applications of Simulation in 1970 is frighteningly similar to a message I might write today:


The nitrogen-sulpher linkage in compounds of the type RNSO is capable of undergoing addition. For N-sulfinylsulfonamides in particular, the reactivity is increased so greatly that new type of compounds may be obtained by cyclic addition or migration of the sulfinyl group.


Internal Audit is the countable specialization directed to test the effectiveness of the operational and countable controls implanted by the administration, with the purpose to restrain the processes of errors and frauds in the organizations. Nowadays the great amount of fraudulent scandals in the countable and financial areas of the companies leads to a reflection about the role and the effectiveness of this department in the processes of detention of frauds.  It is stressed that frauds can occur in the countable environment, financial, of internal and ethical control. In this way the article considers an empirical research in order to put into evidence the effectiveness of the Internal Auditorship in the processes of detention of frauds. As a conclusion, the article emphasizes the importance of the auditing tools and procedures in the task of detecting frauds as well as the effectiveness of internal auditors in such type of work. Key-words: Internal audit. Frauds.  Audit procedures.


For glass sheets (180, 190) deforming device comprises a reshaping central portion (110), a first edge of the mold (130a), a first edge of the mold (130a) a first end movably connected with the central portion and is configured to move along a linear axis of a mold (120) in a first direction toward the center portion of the linear translation. The apparatus further includes a second deformable mold edge (130b), the second edge of the mold (130b) and the second end of the central portion may be connected and configured to be moved along the mold line a first direction relative to the axis of the first the second direction toward the center portion of the linear translation. Also provided are a method comprising cooling a glass sheet and then formed, wherein at least a first edge of the mold by causing a first direction toward the central portion of the deforming device is moved to hold the glass sheet with respect to reshape shrinkage equipment greater contraction.


Telemetry signal fading due to the effects of multipath propagation may cause loss of data. Development of a computer model defines the characteristics of multipath propagation, and the benefits provided by space combining: two space separated antennas used in conjunction with a dual channel receiver-combiner. Results of field tests are presented.


Russia and the CIS: Janus-faced Democracies : The Cost of Freedom: Economic Viability and Editorial Freedom in the Russian Mass Media


I was just 5 years old when the first issue of the Australian & New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology was published in March, 1961. The USA had just seen the inauguration of JFK as its 35 President, the Cold War was at its height and the Beatles were still finalising their line-up and yet to have a hit record. In those days, the journal was published only four times a year with an average of about 10 articles per issue so, we are now publishing more than three times the number of manuscripts each year. The content was mainly clinical and often with only one author, unlike the multi-author papers we see today. It would be fair to say that much of the published work was 'experience-based' rather than 'evidence-based'. The great majority of the articles were from Australia and New Zealand, although with a sprinkling of articles from the UK and elsewhere. Now nearly fifty years on, ANZJOG is a truly international journal with a rising impact factor and a very broad readership throughout the world. To celebrate this fact, we are planning to showcase an article from each of the first five decades in the first five issues of this volume. The article will be reproduced in full with a short editorial commentary by one of our Associate Editors. For the sixth, we will republish the most cited article ever published in our journal. Perusing the contents pages of the first 10 volumes published throughout the 1960s reveals a myriad of interesting articles, some written by names still very familiar to many of you. It is a lesson in the history of O&G to scroll down the pages and look at what was being written about then. Interestingly, I could easily have chosen an article about the increasing risk of placenta accreta, something which we think of as a very modern problem! However, I have chosen an article by the highly respected Western Australian-based GC Bird, who published in 1966 (just after England last won the football World Cup), this article titled 'The Use of the Malmström Vacuum Extractor in Operative Obstetrics'. Although he reported very good results for the time, he concluded that 'The writer does not think the time has yet come for the vacuum extractor to replace the forceps completely'. Fifty years on, we are now at a point where vacuum has appropriately replaced obstetric forceps as the instrument of choice for assisting vaginal delivery. I can remember being


When an odonate larva loses a leg, it has the ability to regenerate it in the next moult. In this study, our goal was to test whether this ability affects fluctuating asymmetry analyses (FA) using Calopteryx virgo (Linnaeus, 1758) larvae. We observed that asymmetries in the femur and tibia caused by regeneration in field samples are not always detected as outliers, and therefore they are not automatically eliminated by statistical tests. However, they increased the value of the composite index of asymmetry by approximately 30 % with respect to the sample where all of the cases of regeneration were eliminated. Next, we wanted to test whether costs associated with leg regeneration had an effect on the development of other structures by increasing the level of fluctuating asymmetry in this species. The results confirmed that the value of the composite index of asymmetry calculated using antennal and mask measures was significantly higher for individuals that had a regenerating leg. Thus, prior knowledge of the biology and the physiology of the traits of the species under study should be an essential topic in fluctuating asymmetry studies to guarantee reliable results, as regeneration ability clearly interferes in fluctuating asymmetry analysis in odonate larvae.


W e have been running a problem-based learning (PBL) curriculum in Liverpool for 8 years. The whole exercise of changing from a proudly traditional course to a student-centred course, which meets the aims and objectives set by successive versions of Tomorrow's Doctors has been, and remains, a challenge. The invitation to write this came after a chance conversation on a bleak day, beset by problems and bad news. I felt as though I had served my time in the salt mines of medical education. Mercifully, not all days are like that.


The developing trend of electronic products in current world is miniaturization and integration. Integ rating micro batteries with micro electronic mechanical system(MEMS) and microchip on a substrate to produce the individual micro electronic system chip, i.e. the SOC(system on a chip), will be realized in not far future. The updated research progress on micro Zn Ni battery, micro lithium battery with solid electrolyte, micro solar cell, micro thermoelectric battery and micro fuel cell at abroad are introduced.


Background and Purpose— To study the longitudinal relationship of functional change in walking ability and change in time-dependent covariates and to develop a multivariate regression model to predict longitudinal change of walking ability. Methods— A total of 101 acute stroke patients with first-ever ischemic middle cerebral artery strokes was used as the population. Prospective cohort study based on 18 repeated measurements over time during the first poststroke year. Baseline characteristics as well as longitudinal information from functional ambulation categories (FAC), Fugl–Meyer leg score (FM-leg), Motricity index leg score (MI-leg), letter cancellation task (LCT), Fugl-Meyer balance (FM-balance), and timed balance test (TBT) were obtained. Intervention consisted of a basic rehabilitation program with additional arm, leg, or air splint therapy. Main outcome measure constituted change scores on FAC over time. Results— In total, 1532 of the 1717 change scores were available for regression analysis. The regression model showed that TBT change scores were the most important factor in predicting improvement on FAC (&bgr;=0.094; P<0.001) followed by changes scores on FM-leg (&bgr;=0.014; P<0.001) and reduction in LCT omissions (&bgr;=−0.010; P<0.001) and MI leg test (&bgr;=0.001; P<0.001). In addition, time itself was significantly negatively associated with improvement (&bgr;=−0.002; P<0.001). Conclusion— Improvement in standing balance control is more important than improvement in leg strength or synergism to achieve improvement in walking ability, whereas reduction in visuospatial inattention is independently related to improvement of gait. Finally, time itself is an independent covariate that is negatively associated with change on FAC, suggesting that most pronounced improvements occur earlier after stroke.


There are many things in Place Saint-Sulpice.... A great number, if not the majority, of these things have been described, inventoried, photographed, talked about, or registered. My intention in the pages that follow was to describe the rest instead: that which is generally not taken note of, that which is not noticed, that which has no importance: what happens when nothing happens other than the weather, people, cars, and clouds (Perec 2010).


The history of digital image compositing—other than simple digital implementation of known film art—is essentially the history of the alpha channel. Distinctions are drawn between digital printing and digital compositing, between matte creation and matte usage, and between (binary) masking and (subtle) matting. The history of the integral alpha channel and premultiplied alpha ideas are presented and their importance in the development of digital compositing in its current modern form is made clear. Basic Definitions Digital compositing is often confused with several related technologies. Here we distinguish compositing from printing and matte creation—eg, blue-screen matting. Printing v Compositing Digital film printing is the transfer, under digital computer control, of an image stored in digital form to standard chemical, analog movie film. It requires a sophisticated understanding of film characteristics, light source characteristics, precision film movements, film sizes, filter characteristics, precision scanning devices, and digital computer control. We had to solve all these for the Lucasfilm laser-based digital film printer—that happened to be a digital film input scanner too. My colleague David DiFrancesco was honored by the Academy of Motion Picture Art and Sciences last year with a technical award for his achievement on the scanning side at Lucasfilm (along with Gary Starkweather). Also honored was Gary Demos for his CRT-based digital film scanner (along with Dan Cameron). Digital printing is the generalization of this technology to other media, such as video and paper. Digital film compositing is the combining of two or more strips of film—in digital form—to create a resulting strip of film—in digital form—that is the composite of the components. For example, several spacecraft may have been filmed, one per film strip in its separate motion, and a starfield may have also been filmed. Then a digital film compositing step is performed to combine the separate spacecrafts over the starfield. The important point is that none of the technology mentioned above for digital film printing is involved in the digital compositing process. The separate spacecraft elements are digitally represented, and the starfield is digitally represented, so the composite is a strictly digital computation. Digital compositing is the generalization of this technology to other media. Alpha and the History of Digital Compositing Microsoft Tech Memo 7 Alvy 2 This only means that the digital images being combined are represented in resolutions appropriate to their intended final output medium; the compositing techniques involved are the same regardless of output medium being, after all, digital computations. No knowledge of film characteristics, light sources characteristics, film movements, etc. is required for digital compositing. In short, the technology of digital film printing is completely separate from the technology of digital film compositing. The technology of digital film scanning is required, perhaps, to get the spacecrafts and starfield into digital form, and that of digital film printing is required to write the composite of these elements out to film, but the composite itself is a computation, not a physico-chemical process. This argument holds regardless of input or output media. In fact, from hereon I will refer to film as my example, it being clear that the argument generalizes to other media. Matte Creation v Matte Usage The general distinction drawn here is between the technology of pulling mattes, or matte creation, and that of compositing, or matte usage. To perform a film composite of, say a spacecraft, over, say a starfield, one must know where on an output film frame to write the foreground spacecraft and where to write the background starfield—that is, where to expose the foreground element to the unexposed film frame and where to expose the background element. We will ignore for the moment, for the purpose of clarity, the problem of partial transparencies of the foreground object that allow the background object to show through partially. In classic film technology, predating the computer by decades ([Beyer64], [Fielding72], [Vlahos80]), the required spatial information is provided by a (traveling) matte, another piece of film that is transparent where the spacecraft, for example, exists in the frame and opaque elsewhere. This can be done with monochrome film. It is also easy to generate the complement of this matte, sometimes called the holdout matte, by simply exposing the matte film strip to an unexposed strip of monochrome film. So the holdout matte film strip is placed up against the background film strip, in frame by frame register, called a bipack configuration of film, and exposed to a strip of unexposed color film. The starfield, for example, gets exposed to this receiving strip where the holdout matte does not hold out—that is, where the holdout matte is transparent. Then the same strip of film is re-exposed to a bipack consisting of the matte and the foreground element. This time the spacecraft, for example, gets exposed exactly where the starfield was not exposed. Digital film compositing technology is, in its simplest implementation, the digital version of this process, where each strip of film is replaced with a digital equivalent, and the composite is done with a digital computation. Once the foreground and background elements are in digital form and the matte is in digital form, then digital film compositing is a computation, not a physico-chemical process. As we shall see, the computer has caused several fundamentally new Alpha and the History of Digital Compositing Microsoft Tech Memo 7 Alvy 3 ideas to be added to the compositor's arsenal that are not simply simulations of known analog art. The question becomes: Where does the matte come from? There are several classic (pre-computer) answers to this question. One set of techniques (at least one of which, the sodium vapor technique, was invented by Petro Vlahos [Vlahos58]) causes the generation of the matte strip of film simultaneously with the foreground element strip of film. So this technique simultaneously generates two strips of film for each foreground element. Then optical techniques are used, as described above, to form the composite. Digital technology has nothing new to contribute here; it simply emulates the analog technique. Another technique called blue-screen matting provides the matte strip of film after the fact, so to speak. Blue-screen matting (or more generally, constant color matting, since blue is not required) was also invented by Petro Vlahos [Vlahos64]. It requires that a foreground element be filmed against a constant-color, often bright ultramarine blue, background. Then with a tricky set of optical and film techniques that don't need to concern us here, a matte is generated that is transparent where the the foreground film strip is the special blue color and opaque elsewhere, or the complement of this. There are digital simulations of this technique that are complicated but involve nothing more than a digital computer to accomplish. The art of generating a matte when one is not provided is often called, in filmmaking circles, pulling a matte. It is an art, requiring experts to accomplish1. I will generalize this concept to all ways of producing a matte, and term it matte creation. The important point is that matte creation is a technology separate from that of compositing, which is a technology that assumes a matte already exists. In short, the technology of matte creation is completely separate from the technology of digital film compositing. Petro Vlahos has been awarded by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for his inventions of this technology, a lifetime achievement award in fact. The digital computer can be used to simulate what he has done and for relatively minor improvements. At Lucasfilm, my colleague Tom Porter and I implemented digital matte creation techniques and improved them, but do not consider this part of our compositing technology. It is part of our matte creation technology. It is time now to return to the discussion of transparency mentioned earlier. One of the hardest things to accomplish in matte creation technology is the representation of partial transparency in the matte. Transparencies are important for foreground elements such as glasses of water, windows, hair, halos, filmy clothes, motion blurred objects, etc. I will not go into the details of why this is difficult or how it is solved, because that is irrelevant to the arguments here. The important points are (1) partial transparency is fundamental to convincing com1 I have proved, in fact, in [Smith82b] that blue-screen matting is an underspecified problem in general and therefore requires a human in the loop. Alpha and the History of Digital Compositing Microsoft Tech Memo 7 Alvy 4 posites, and (2) representing transparencies in a matte is part matte creation technology, not the compositing technology, which just uses the result.


The paper reveals changes in seasonal and day activity of females of oxflies in conditions of their population decrease caused by anthropogenic influence. The data provided proves there is shift of start of oxflies flying and of optimization of temperature threshold of flies' activity during the period of animal infection. Dates and possibility are substantiated to combine treatments against flies and other bloodsucking insects.


Summary A method for the isolation of highly purified plasminogen activator from porcine heart was developed. Fresh, frozen tissue was homogenized and extracted with 5 M urea. Upon dilution of the urea extract with 0.02 M acetate buffer, 0.05 M NaCl, pH 5.0, a large amount of inert protein precipitated. It was removed by low-speed centrifugation, leaving an active, cell-free supernatant. CM Sephadex C-50, added to this solution, adsorbed the active material quantitatively. Washing of the ion exchanger with 0.02 M acetate buffer, 0.26 M NaCl, pH 5.0, removed additional impurities. The activator was eluted by increasing the NaCl concentration of the acetate buffer to 0.6 M. Further purification was achieved by a fractionated precipitation with ammonium sulfate at 30% saturation, pH 7.5. The precipitated activator was solubilized in 0.02 M acetate buffer, 0.6 M NaCl, pH 5.0. The resulting active solution was subjected to gel filtration in a column of Sephadex G-200, in the same buffer medium. In this step, a substantial amount of inert, higher molecular weight material was eliminated. The active fractions were pooled and diluted with 0.02 M acetate buffer, pH 5.5, to reduce the NaCl concentration to 0.15 M. This solution was passed through a column of SE Sephadex C-50, in 0.02 M acetate buffer, 0.15 M NaCl, pH 5.5, which adsorbed the active material. The activator was eluted from the column with a salt gradient (0.15 M to 0.4 M NaCl) in 0.02M acetate buffer,pH 5.5. From 3kg of heart tissue, about 1.5 mg of highly purified activator were obtained, in a yield of 35% (with respect to the urea extract). The preparation had a specific activity of 38,900 CTA units per mg protein, determined with a fluorometric assay method, using fluorescence labeled fibrin substrate and a calibration curve with a urokinase standard for conversion of the activity to CTA units. The product was highly stable, and it was devoid of unspecific protease activity. Disc electrophoresis in Polyacrylamide gel at pH 9.5 showed a single sharp band.


Objective To determine whether a two-hole locking plate has biomechanical advantages over conventional screw stabilizsation of the syndesmosis in this injury pattern.Methods Six pairs of embalmed human cadaver lower legs were prepared to simulate an unstable Maisonneyve fracture.Each limb had randomly selected to receive either a 3.5 mm distal fibula locking plate with two 3.5 mm screws,or two parallel quadricortical 3.5 mm screws.The limbs were then mounted on a servo-hydraulic testing rig and axially loaded for 1200 cycles.Each limb was then externally rotated until failure occurred.Fibula diastasis,torque and angle were measured.Results Both constructs effectively stabilized the syndesmosis during the cyclical loading (0.07 mm vs.0.06 mm,P > 0.05).However the locking plate group demonstrated greater resistance to torque than quadricortical screw fixation (40.48 Nm vs.20.17 Nm,P<0.05).Conclusion A two-hole locking plate provides significantly greater stability of the syndesmosis to torque than 3.5 mm quadricortical fixation.

Key words:
Maisonneuve fracture ;  Syndesmosis;  Locking plate ;  Biomechanical


Objective To study the effect from the content change in hydroxyapatite(HA) on mechanical properties of polyvinyl alcohol/hydroxyapatite(PVA/HA)composite hydrogel and its load bearing characteristics based on experiment and finite element simulation.Methods The compression and stress relaxation tests of PVA/HA composite hydrogel were performed on the UMT test machine.Through the simulation and experimental results,the load-bearing characteristics of PVA/HA composite hydrogel and the effect of HA on PVA/HA composite hydrogel performance were investigated.Results With HA content increasing,the compression modulus of PVA/HA composite hydrogel was first increased and then decreased,while its permeability coefficient was first decreased and then increased.When the HA content was 3%,the compression modulus of PVA/HA composite hy-drogel reached maximum(1.25 MPa)and its permeability coefficient reached minimum(1.59×10-3 mm4 · N-1 · s-1).The fluid bearing proportion of PVA/HA composite hydrogel was first increased and then decreased with the loading time increasing,which presented a nonlinear change.The proportion of the fluid bearing was significantly increased after HA added into PVA / HA composite hydrogel.The stress relaxation rate was first increased and then decreased with HA content increasing.Under the same loaded displacement,PVA / HA composite hydrogel with 3% HA content could disperse more contact stress.Conclusions The internal bearing characteristics of PVA / HA composite hydrogel have a great impact on its mechanical properties.When the HA content is 3%,the PVA / HA composite hydrogel has the best mechanical properties,which are closer to those of the natural articular cartilage.


The emergence of intelligent control has seen a focus of attention on the ideas of learning control. This paper explores the relationship between the performance of learning algorithms and the structure of the system to be controlled. The importance of system's relative degree (pole-zero excess) and the system's zeros are described and the role of prediction in improving performance is demonstrated using ideas from iterative learning control.


Owing to their high nutritional value and medicinal properties, garlic chives, a representative of the genus Allium, are a valuable vegetable. The edible parts are green leaves and young stalks with flower buds and the bulbs. Allium tuberosum, known as garlic chives, Chinese chives or Oriental garlic, is a perennial species, adapted to a moderate climate. Of special concern is the fact that this species is readily infested by weeds, especially when grown on the same stand for many years. One possible measure to combat weed infestation is mulching. The aim of our study has been to make an assessment of the effect of mulching on yielding and biological value of Oriental garlic in the second and third year of its growth. The mulches used in the experiment were black and white polyethylene foil, black polypropylene agrotextile, black biodegradable foil and miscanthus chaff. The research results proved that the leaf yield significantly increased in the subsequent years of plant cultivation. The highest leaf yield from garlic chives was obtained on the plots mulched with black polypropylene agrotextile, black polyethylene foil and black biodegradable foil. Two-year-old plants contained significantly more dry matter, chlorophyll, carotenoids and potassium but less of nitrates. Mulching with white polyethylene foil considerably favoured the accumulation of dry matter, carotenoids, phosphorus, potassium and nitrates by garlic chives.


A conviction, however, the shape is not born from empty space, including a religious sect. He comes from a special variety of life experiences that a person experiences appropriate yan g embraces these beliefs. In practice a cult require means to be recognized. This research seeks to understand the characteristics of a sect that has a very unique, with different religious backgrounds but to sustain an existence of their religion, they establish sect. By using a kulitatif method in Darma Ramsi monastery Cibadak an object of study, researchers sought explores the other side of this sect. The results of this study concluded that the concept of many according to Ramsi Vihara Dharma is by giving what is needed other people, namely in the form of staple food, because in a way it is similar to a living person, when the  activity was undertaken gods will be happy and radiated to the monastery pilgrims themselves.


In the paper, the author develops experimental research methods and studies the specifics of gas mixture dissolution in a liquid where gases have different Henry's constants as well as the mutual interference of gases with different solubilities in a liquid during the dissolution process. It is shown that the dissolution rate of the studied pure gases in a liquid is proportional to their Henry's constants, and the dissolution rate of a gas mixture in a liquid is close to the dissolution rate of that gas in the mixture that has a higher Henry's constant. It was found that when a gas mixture containing a highly soluble gas is dissolved, interfacial surface turbulence (interfacial surface convection) occurs, which leads to an increase in the dissolution rate of the gas with lower solubility, that is, to an increase in the mass transfer coefficient (β) for that gas. The experimental studies showed that when several gases dissolved in a liquid are simultaneously desorbed into a floating-up bubble, the contribution of each gas is proportional to its solubility coefficient and does not depend on the concentration of these gases in the liquid.


The Fermat numbers have many notable properties, including order universality, coprimality, and definition by a recurrence relation. We use arbitrary elliptic curves and rational points of infinite order to generate sequences that are analogous to the Fermat numbers. We demonstrate that these sequences have many of the same properties as the Fermat numbers, and we discuss results about the prime factors of sequences generated by specific curves and points.


We have investigated efficient light outcoupling from light- emitting diodes (LEDs) by introducing lateral tapers. The concept is based on light generation in the very central area of a circularly symmetric structure. After propagating between two highly reflecting mirrors light is outcoupled in a tapered mesa region. By proper processing we achieve quantum efficiencies of almost 40% for outcoupling via a planar surface or quantum and wallplug efficiencies of 52% and 48%, respectively, for encapsulated devices. Neglecting reabsorption, approximative equations yield optimum design parameters.


Combining a time-dependent astrochemical model with a model of planet formation and migration, we compute the carbon-to-oxygen ratio (C/O) of a range of planetary embryos starting their formation in the inner solar system (1–3 AU). Most of the embryos result in hot Jupiters (M ≥ MJ, orbital radius <0.1 AU) while the others result in super-Earths at wider orbital radii. The volatile and ice abundance of relevant carbon and oxygen bearing molecular species are determined through a complex chemical kinetic code that includes both gas and grain surface chemistry. This is combined with a model for the abundance of the refractory dust grains to compute the total carbon and oxygen abundance in the protoplanetary disk available for incorporation into a planetary atmosphere. We include the effects of the refractory carbon depletion that has been observed in our solar system, and posit two models that would put this missing carbon back into the gas phase. This excess gaseous carbon then becomes important in determining the final planetary C/O because the gas disk now becomes more carbon rich relative to oxygen (high gaseous C/O). One model, where the carbon excess is maintained throughout the lifetime of the disk results in hot Jupiters that have super-stellar C/O. The other model deposits the excess carbon early in the disk life and allows it to advect with the bulk gas. In this model the excess carbon disappears into the host star within 0.8 Myr, returning the gas disk to its original (substellar) C/O, so the hot Jupiters all exclusively have substellar C/O. This shows that while the solids tend to be oxygen rich, hot Jupiters can have super-stellar C/O if a carbon excess can be maintained by some chemical processing of the dust grains. The atmospheric C/O of the super-Earths at larger radii are determined by the chemical interactions between the gas and ice phases of volatile species rather than the refractory carbon model. Whether the carbon and oxygen content of the atmosphere was accreted primarily by gas or solid accretion is heavily dependent on the mass of the atmosphere and where in the disk the growing planet accreted.


In this paper we examine the circumstances under which a discrete-time signal can be exactly interpolated given only every M-th sample. After pointing out the connection between designing an M-fold interpolator and the construction of an M-channel perfect reconstruction filter bank, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions on the signal under which exact interpolation is possible. Bandlimited signals are one obvious example, but numerous others exist. We examine these and show how the interpolators may be constructed. A main application is to iterative interpolation schemes, used for the efficient generation of smooth curves. Conventional bandlimited interpolators are not suitable in this context. We illustrate that a better criterion is to use interpolators that are exact for polynomial functions. We show how these may be designed for any polynomial degree N and any interpolation factor M.<<ETX>>


We have used magnetically induced birefringence to study the susceptibility for the tilt order parameter in nonyloxybenzylidene butylaniline (90.4). This material is thought to undergo a smectic A-smectic F phase transition. The transition was observed to be first order, with Tc T* ~ 0.5 K, and the critical exponent 03B3 was consistent with the mean-field-like tilt susceptibility exponent characteristic of a smectic A-smectic C transition. J. Physique 44 (1983) 383-386 MARS 1983,


In mobile telecom networks, Base Transceiver Station (BTS) is a key infrastructure that connects customers with the mobile network. BTSs are geographically scattered across the networks service area and thousands of fault indicating alarms are generated by a typical BTS on a daily basis. Thus, proactively maintaining the BTS before faults happen is beneficial to guarantee proper operation of the network and reduce operational costs. In the mobile networks installed in the city of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, failure in power supply system of BTSs takes the biggest share for mobile services interruption. This work investigates the early prediction of BTS failures due to power system and environmental abnormalities using recurrent neural networks (RNN) with long short term memory (LSTM) and gated recurrent unit (GRU) cells. Eleven power-supply system related features and alarms were collected from a real-time power and environmental monitoring system installed in each BTS. Moreover, the experiments were performed on five BTS sites with sixteen weeks of observations. The experimental results show that GRU using sigmoid activation function with feature reduction achieves better performance than using LSTM with the different configurations investigated. Unlike the prevailing practice in the network operator, which is taking corrective actions in response to alarms, the results in this experimental provide a new insight to the mobile operator to exploit patterns inherent in the daily measured data and predict the well-being of its infrastructure.


ABSTRACT Signals produced during social interactions convey crucial information about the sender's identity, quality, reproductive state and social status. Fishes can detect near-body water movements via the mechanosensory lateral line system, and this sense is used during several common fish behaviors, such as schooling, rheotaxis and predator–prey interactions. In addition, many fish behaviors, such as aggressive lateral displays and reproductive body quivers, involve fin and body motions that generate water movements that can be detected by the lateral line system of nearby fish. This mechanosensory system is well studied for its role in obstacle avoidance and detection of inadvertent hydrodynamic cues generated during schooling and predator–prey interactions; however, little research has focused on the role of mechanosensory communication during social interactions. Here, we summarize the current literature on the use of mechanosensation-mediated behaviors during agonistic and reproductive encounters, as well as during parental care. Based on these studies, we hypothesize that mechanosensory signaling is an important but often overlooked mode of communication during conspecific social interactions in many fish species, and we highlight its importance during multimodal communication. Finally, we suggest potential avenues of future research that would allow us to better understand the role of mechanosensation in fish communication. Summary: Many fish social behaviors generate water movements that are detectable by the lateral line system of nearby conspecifics, suggesting that mechanosensory signaling may be an important mode of communication during social interactions such as reproduction, aggression and parental care.


In recent years, there has been a growing body of literature investigating metacognition in second language (L2) listening. The theoretical underpinning of the majority of these studies is that metacognition and listening are individual psychological processes. This paper contributed to the existing body of literature by positioning metacognition in L2 listening from a sociocultural and dialogical perspective. The study provided empirical evidence with regard to the ways in which L2 learners co-construct and negotiate shared understanding in the listening process.


Although versions of Poisson's Summation Formula (PSF) have already been studied extensively, there seems to be no theorem that relates discretization to periodization and periodization to discretization in a simple manner. In this study, we show that two complementary formulas, both closely related to the classical Poisson Summation Formula, are needed to form a reciprocal Discretization-Periodization Theorem on generalized functions. We define discretization and periodization on generalized functions and show that the Fourier transform of periodic functions are discrete functions and, vice versa, the Fourier transform of discrete functions are periodic functions.


ObjectivesHypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) is an aggressive disease in the head and neck region. Therefore, simple and useful prognostic predictors of HPSCC are needed for clinical practice. This study investigates the prognostic significance of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with HPSCC who received radical resections. MethodsRetrospective review was conducted on medical records at a tertiary referral hospital involving 146 consecutive patients who underwent radical resection for HPSCC between January 2000 and December 2010. The prognostic significance of NLR and other clinicopathologic factors was analyzed. The relationships between the NLR value and clinicopathologic factors were also evaluated. ResultsThe study cohort consisted of 146 patients with HPSCC, with a mean age of 57.5 years (range, 34–89 years). The median number of NLR was 2.28 (range, 0.71–8.75). On the basis of this median value, the cutoff value of NLR was set as 2.3. The patients were divided into 2 groups: a low (<2.3) NLR group and a high (≥2.3) NLR group. Patients with NLR of 2.3 or more had significantly higher incidence of wound complications (P = 0.026). The 3-year overall survival rate was 69.9% in patients in the low NLR group and 27.4% in those in the high NLR group (P <0.001; hazard ratio;2.99; 95% confidence interval, 1.91–4.67). ConclusionsResults showed that high preoperative NLR is associated with increased wound complications and poor survival in patients with HPSCC.


—The state of urban road traffic flow shows discontinuity and jumping phenomenon in the process of running. There was a data gap in the collected traffic flow data. Through the data analysis, it was found that the traffic flow state had the characteristics of multimode, mutation, inaccessibility, divergence and hysteresis, which were similar to the mutation characteristics of the basic model of catastrophe theory when the system state changed. The cusp catastrophe model of traffic flow based on traffic wave theory was established by analyzing the movement process of traffic flow. In this model, the traffic density was taken as the state variable, and traffic flow and wave speed were taken as the control variable. Referring to the basic idea of catastrophe theory, the solution method of the model was given, and the structural stability of the traffic flow state was analyzed. Through the critical equilibrium surface equation, the stability of the extreme value of the system potential function can be analyzed, and the bifurcation set equation when the traffic flow state changed can be obtained, which can be used to determine the critical range of the structural stability of the system. This paper discussed and analyzed the changing trend and constraint relationship among the wave speed, traffic density and traffic flow when the traffic flow state changed suddenly in different running environments. The analysis results were consistent with the actual road traffic flow state. A case was given, and the results showed that the cusp catastrophe model could describe the relationship among the three parameters of traffic flow from three-dimensional space, and could effectively analyze the internal relationship of the parameters when the traffic flow state changed. The validity of the model and analysis method was verified. The goal of this paper is to provide an analysis method for the judgment of urban road traffic state.


Abstract : This handbook is a collection of summary accounts of events that illustrate some of the problems frequently encountered by Americans working overseas, particularly those providing technical assistance in developing countries. It is intended primarily as a source book for instructors in area training programs who are searching for appropriate true-life examples that will give their classroom presentation more impact and meaning. The illustrations were taken from published and unpublished sources.


The cosmic ray proton rigidity spectra have been investigated with data collected in the Low Energy Antiproton (LEAP) balloon flight experiment flown from Prince Albert, Canada in 1987. The LEAP apparatus was designed to measure antiprotons using a superconducting magnet spectrometer with ancillary scintillator, time-of-flight, and liquid Cherenkov detectors. After reaching float altitude the balloon drifted south and west to higher geomagnetic cutoffs. The effect of the changing geomagnetic cutoff on the observed spectra was observed during analysis of the proton data along the balloon trajectory. This is the first measurement of the primary and splash albedo spectra over a wide rigidity range (few hundred MV to about 100 GV) with a single instrument.


The excitation mechanism of any musical instrument is a key component of the sound production and resulting sound of the instrument. In the case of the guitar, the manner and object with which the strings on the guitar are plucked determine, to some extent, the sound of the instrument. Parameters such as the plucking position, initial displacement, and deformation of the string have a strong influence on the resulting sound and its spectrum. In this talk, these and other parameters, as well as how they influence the sound, will be explained in detail, reviewing the studies available on this subject.


In the paper electric resistance (conductance) and thermal electrical phenomenon of golden and semiconductor nanowires are mentioned. we've analysed and measured nanowires created of gold, copper, tin, Si and element as a result of victimization them for producing of integrated electronic devices. Electrical electrical phenomenon GE and thermal electrical phenomenon GT of a nanostructure describe the result of lepton transport in nanowires. Electrical electrical phenomenon division in nanowires has been determined in units of G0 = 2e2 /h = (12.9)-1 up to 5 quanta of electrical phenomenon in line with in line with projected by Landauer [1]. Within the paper we tend to gift our measurements of electrical electrical phenomenon division in Au nanowires at temperature [2]. The division of thermal electrical phenomenon is taken into account during a similar approach just like the electrical electrical phenomenon. In one-dimension systems ar shaped semiconducting channels. Every channel contributes to a complete thermal electrical phenomenon with the quantum of thermal electrical phenomenon GT0. Measure thermal electrical phenomenon and its quantum (unit) GT0 were confirmed by Schwab [3]. The


We propose a non-invasive ultrasound theragnostic system that tracks movement in an affected area (kidney stones, in this study) by irradiating it with high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). In this paper, the concept behind a novel medical support system that integrates therapy and diagnostics (theragnostics), is illustrated. The required functions for the proposed system are discussed and an overview of the constructed system configuration is illustrated. Problems of stone motion tracking by ultrasonography are described. To overcome with this problem, we should take 2 approaches. The first approach is to minimize the servoing error to enhance both the efficiency of the therapy and the safety of the patient. The second approach is to reduce the effect of the servoing error. Concerning the first approach, we showed 2 solutions. One is robust detection of the stone position by shape information. Another is the controller that compensates for periodic motion of the affected area. Concerning the second approach, we propse a solution to control HIFU irradiation power in accordance with the servoing error, mainly to enhance the safety of the patient.


Color change theory of OVI was analyzed with emphases on the film theory of OVI.A general spectral reflectance prediction model for halftones prints of OVI was established based on the analysis.The model can better predict the color of anti-forgery printed matter and ink,so as to provide a theoretical criterion for spectral analysis of OVI and to better control the color change of anti-forgery ink.