The paper examines a significant phenomenon overlooked by the trade literature: internationally regulated goods. Contrary to the general trend of trade liberalization, specific goods, such as drugs, small arms, and antiquities, have come under increasing international control in recent decades through a set of global regulatory agreements. I argue that these goods are unique in that they involve transnational negative externalities. Whereas certain countries benefit from the trade in these goods, the trade inflicts negative effects on other countries. Examples of such negative externalities include fatalities and refugee flows resulting from rampant gun violence, high crime rates associated with widespread drug abuse, and archaeological destruction caused by antiquities looting. The paper develops a theory that first explains why national regulation is insufficient and why international regulation is necessary for curbing these negative externalities. The theory then analyzes why certain governments are strongly in favor of international regulation while others wish to maintain the trade uncontrolled. My analysis locates the sources of governments' conflicting preferences in the domestic political arena and considers how exporters, consumers, and civil society shape governments' views. The final part of the theory examines how the distribution of state power affects the establishment of the regulatory agreements. The paper makes several additional theoretical contributions by bridging rationalist and non-rationalist accounts of international law and by focusing on international cooperation in the absence of shared interest. ∗ Visiting Assistant Professor, Cornell Law School (starting Fall 2008); Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Government, Harvard University; LL.B., Tel Aviv University. For helpful advice and comments I thank Cosette Creamer, Jack Goldsmith, Michael Hiscox, Andy Kydd, Lisa Martin, Beth Simmons, Pierre Verdier, and participants at the Winter 2008 Roundtable at Vanderbilt Law School.


Background. The development of mixes containing Compositae plant extracts has improved the diagnosis of Compositae contact allergy, but none of them has fulfilled the criteria for an ideal European plant mix.


This article presents the results of the analysis of metaphorical actualization of curiosity as emotion in linguistic consciousness in English. Conceptual metaphor cognitive theory made it possible to distinguish and describe the cognitive metaphorical models basic for the phenomenon in focus. The set of five mo-dels with «curiosity» target-sphere form CURIOSITY concept.


This paper analyses and extends alternative procedures for converting qualitative expectations responses to quantitative expectations. A number of conversion procedures is investigated, including the probability model, the time-varying parameter probability model, and the regression approach. The informational content of the survey expectations is compared with simple time series models. It is found that the expectations models are superior for many series, both in terms of producing lower forecast root mean square error (RMSE) values and in detecting turning points in the actual data. Survey expectations are also tested for rational expectations in aggregate using the orthogonality test. Copyright 1995 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The evaluation of learning is a systematic process involving testing, measuring and evaluation. In the testing step, a teacher needs to choose the best instrument that can test the minds of students. Testing will produce scores or marks with many variations either in homogeneous or heterogeneous forms that will be used to categorize the scores based on the level of achievement or what the teachers desire to measure the achievements of students. The achievement measurement is measured using four types of scales normally used, i.e., the Ordinal Scale, Nominal Scale, Intermittent Scale and the Ratio Scale. The evaluation will be done based on the categories of the measurement used in which the item is used to test the effectiveness of teaching and learning in achieving its objective. The principals of authenticity, reliability, linearity, practicality, objectivity and easy-evaluation are to facilitate recording results so that the final results will not cause any questionings of reliability. There is also an example of difficulty percentage calculation and discrimination index manually done for the English Form 1 real test paper that was used in Bachok National Secondary School, Kelantan. In this example of evaluation, the analysis was made based on 40 test items on 40 students.


Portable electronic communication devices can be used for many purposes and they are capable of integrating with ubiquitous computing (UC) infrastructures to carry on mobile multimedia communications. As those devices become prevalent, they incur potential network security threatening to organizations. Nowadays, the Skype is the most popular P2P VoIP application program, which is being used by millions of global users to place IP phone calls, transfer files, or communicate via instant messaging (IM). This phenomenon already generates imminent network security issues that are indispensable to digital forensics researchers or the law enforcement agencies worldwide. Cellular phones, smart phones, and personal digital assistants (PDAs) are the representative ones of those devices and there are some open sources or commercial software toolkits that can be utilized to proceed the forensics investigation concerning the electronic crimes in next generation communications (NGCs). A case review was conducted to illustrate the hidden digital trails within the PDA from the Registry of the Windows Mobile and volatile data in the RAM to discover the possible network security leakage scenarios that resulted in the vandalism of intangible digital assets of the organization. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

(The essence of the paper is the research of the digital forensics concerning the portable electronic communication devices based on a Skype IM session of a Pocket PC for NGC. A case review was conducted to illustrate the hidden digital trails within the PDA from the Registry of the Windows Mobile and volatile data in the RAM to discover the possible network security leakage scenarios that resulted in the vandalism of intangible digital assets of the organization.)


Language-in-education policies in the South Pacific have arisen out of the historical circumstances of the countries and have been largely de facto 'policies' that have tended to emphasise a metropolitan high-status language to the comparative neglect of the development of the indigenous languages. This paper discusses research related to bilingual education as a means of providing background information for policy makers, and then discusses a number of bilingual education models. With this background, the paper then suggests separate models of language-in-education policies for the Melanesian, Micronesian/Polynesian parts of the South Pacific and for Fiji. It concludes with a suggestion how such policy making might proceed so that both costs and fear of the new can be contained.


A teacher considers resigning to return to his home village, but receives a letter telling him that he has already been transferred.  In this story, homesickness is presented as if it were a challenging opponent.Identity is usually connected with the place to which it belongs, even if it is a "barren, dry desert" as is the case in the story.  Yet one may have to move to another place for some reasons.  Such displacement may cause mental and psychological consequences that, in turn, affect one's work.  In the story, the teacher is not in a mood that helps him to teach; he is pulled "toward the place . . ." from which "a long distance . . . (Note 2) separates him."  What is left for him are "his thoughts and memories" that connect him with his place.  At the end of the story, the memo given to him symbolizes a new hope to restore what he has lost in the hijra (Note 3) school. Like other protagonists in this collection who are trying to make a living, this protagonist sacrifices everything, including peace of mind, so as to "make his living and his family's living."  He struggles for survival in a changing society.  Adaptation and change that become part of life are inevitable.  The main character is sent to the hijra , a small isolated village, in order to take part in its educational change.  On the other hand, the story illustrates the effects of the society on a newcomer; in a rural community, "he becomes an uncouth person" like other people in that hijra .  He is ready to do anything to get money.In a poor but changing society, money becomes the chief concern; even emotions become commodities exchanged for money: the protagonist "is in this exile . . . in order to exchange his tears, his sighs, his sadness and his troubles for money." The story also illustrates the importance of having a job and how difficult it is to find a good job in one's own area (Note 4). Finally, reading a story like this one will open the way for the readers of this popular journal a chance to know about this writer and may lead to searching for something related and/or written by the original writer whether in translation or the source language if the reader knows Arabic. Keywords: Khalil Al-Fuzai, Saudi, short story, "Elapsing Days" DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/10-4-03 Publication date: February 29 th 2020


In this paper, the thermo-mechanical modelling of an entire sensor structure, under hydrostatic pressure, is carried out using commercial FEM software COMSOL multiphysics. A comparison of the obtained results with those found in the literature, allows us to corroborate the well-known models. Furthermore, the design of high performance conventional silicon-based pressure sensors for low-pressure biomedical applications has been achieved by optimizing the influencing parameters on the two features mentioned above.For a specific biomedical application, a complete analysis, considering the impact of the device thickness, embedding type and diaphragm material, has shown that the highest performances are reached for a silicon diaphragm thickness of 65μm, a circular shape having a radius of 1750μm and a cavity thickness of 4.6μm. Simulation results show that the sensor under investigation yields a quasi linear response with pressure values lying in the range [0 ÷70kPa]. The pressure sensitivity is about 2 pF/bar, and the thermal drift is about 16 ppm/°C for a temperature range [-20°C÷ 150°C]. The obtained results may well contribute to the optimization of the device's performances and can provide to the designer several chosen criteria for a given application.


The Liaoxi Uplift is one of the most petroliferous uplifts in the Bohai Bay Basin of China and accounts for more than 63% of the total oil reserves in the Liaodong Bay Sub-Basin. Almost all oils discovered on the southern end of this uplift are heavy oil (ρ≥0.934 g/cm3, 20°C). The heavy oils have shallow burial depth ranging from 880 m (2887 ft) to 1619 m (5312 ft) with high density ranging from 0.949 to 1.011 g/cm3 (20°C) and high viscosity ranging from 305.3 to 74462 mPa s (50°C). The heavy oils on this uplift are characterized by sharp lateral oil-water contacts and oil-water inversion. The Liaoxi Uplift is sandwiched by two generative kitchens (the Liaoxi Sag to the west and the Liaozhong Sag to the east) containing multiple mature source rock intervals. Biomarker associations of crude oil and source rock samples were analyzed to investigate the origin of oils on the uplift. Multiple parameter oil-source correlation and hierarchical cluster analysis using 11 selected biomarker parameters allowed the identification of two source-related oil groups. Group 1 oil mainly comes from the third member of Shahejie Formation (Es3), and group 2 oil is interpreted to be a mixture of the first and the third member of Shahejie Formation (Es1, Es3). The homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions combined with burial-thermal history of individual well were taken to define the hydrocarbon charging time of reservoirs. The Dongying and Guantao reservoirs on this uplift have been charged during 26-22Ma and 5-0Ma, namely, the Late Oligocene and the Early Pliocene Quaternary respectively. The eastward decreases in gammacerane index and ETR[ETR=(C28+C29)/(C28+C29+Ts)], combined with the eastward increases in Ts/Tm and 4-methyl sterane indices, indicate decreasing proportions of Es1-sourced oil and increasing proportions of Es3-sourced oil from west to east. The compositional heterogeneity within fields and between oils from nearby wells in different fields was an effective means of determining the infilling histories of heavy oil fields in cases where multiple source rock intervals and multiple generative kitchens exist. The overall oil migration orientation on the southern end of Liaoxi Uplift is generally from west to east. Therefore, the source kitchen for the southern end of Liaoxi Uplift is predicted to be the Liaoxi Sag. The western slope of the Liaoxi Uplift, along the oil charging pathways, is identified as the most promising region for oil exploration. Charging of Heavy Oil Fields Surrounding the Southern End of Liaoxi Uplift From Multiple Lacustrine Source Rock Intervals and Generative Kitchens, Bohai Bay Basin, China Rucai Zhang; Derui Tian; Changgui Xu; Kui Wu; Wenjing Pan (Bohai Oilfield Research Institute, CNOOC Ltd. _Tianjin, China) Abstract: The Liaoxi uplift is one of the most petroliferous uplifts in the Bohai Bay basin of China and accounts for more than 63% of the total oil reserves in the Liaodong Bay sub-basin. Almost all oils discovered on the southern end of this uplift are heavy oil (ρ≥0.934g/cm3, 20 C). The heavy oils have shallow burial depth ranging from 880m (2887ft) to 1619m (5312ft) with high density ranging from 0.949 to 1.011 g/cm3 (20 C) and high viscosity ranging from 305.3 to 74462 mPa s (50 C). The heavy oils on this uplift are characterized by sharp lateral oil-water contacts and oil-water inversion. The Liaoxi uplift is sandwiched by two generative kitchens (the Liaoxi sag to the west and the Liaozhong sag to the east) containing multiple mature source rock intervals. Biomarker associations of crude oil and source rock samples were analyzed to investigate the origin of oils on the uplift. Multiple parameter oil-source correlation and hierarchical cluster analysis using 11 selected biomarker parameters allowed the identification of two source-related oil groups. Group 1 oil mainly comes from the third member of Shahejie Formation (Es3), and group 2 oil is interpreted to be a mixture of the first and the third member of Shahejie Formation (Es1, Es3). The homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions combined with burial-thermal history of individual well were taken to define the hydrocarbon charging time of reservoirs. The Dongying and Guantao reservoirs on this uplift have been charged during 26-22Ma and 5-0Ma, namely, the Late Oligocene and the Early Pliocene Quaternary respectively. The eastward decreases in gammacerane index and ETR[ETR=(C28+C29)/(C28+C29+Ts)], combined with the eastward increases in Ts/Tm and 4-methyl sterane indices, indicate decreasing proportions of Es1-sourced oil and increasing proportions of Es3-sourced oil from west to east. The compositional heterogeneity within fields and between oils from nearby wells in different fields was an effective means of determining the infilling histories of heavy oil fields in cases where multiple source rock intervals and multiple generative kitchens exist. The overall oil migration orientation on the southern end of Liaoxi uplift is generally from west to east. Therefore, the source kitchen for the southern end of Liaoxi uplift is predicted to be the Liaoxi sag. The western slope of the Liaoxi uplift, along the oil charging pathways, is identified as the most promising region for oil exploration. The Liaoxi uplift is one of the most petroliferous uplifts in the Bohai Bay basin of China and accounts for more than 63% of the total oil reserves in the Liaodong Bay sub-basin. Almost all oils discovered on the southern end of this uplift are heavy oil (ρ≥0.934g/cm3, 20 C). The heavy oils have shallow burial depth ranging from 880m (2887ft) to 1619m (5312ft) with high density ranging from 0.949 to 1.011 g/cm3 (20 C) and high viscosity ranging from 305.3 to 74462 mPa s (50 C). The heavy oils on this uplift are characterized by sharp lateral oil-water contacts and oil-water inversion. The Liaoxi uplift is sandwiched by two generative kitchens (the Liaoxi sag to the west and the Liaozhong sag to the east) containing multiple mature source rock intervals. Biomarker associations of crude oil and source rock samples were analyzed to investigate the origin of oils on the uplift. Multiple parameter oil-source correlation and hierarchical cluster analysis using 11 selected biomarker parameters allowed the identification of two source-related oil groups. Group 1 oil mainly comes from the third member of Shahejie Formation (Es3), and group 2 oil is interpreted to be a mixture of the first and the third member of Shahejie Formation (Es1, Es3). The homogenization temperatures of fluid inclusions combined with burial-thermal history of individual well were taken to define the hydrocarbon charging time of reservoirs. The Dongying and Guantao reservoirs on this uplift have been charged during 26-22Ma and 5-0Ma, namely, the Late Oligocene and the Early Pliocene Quaternary respectively. The eastward decreases in gammacerane index and ETR[ETR=(C28+C29)/(C28+C29+Ts)], combined with the eastward increases in Ts/Tm and 4-methyl sterane indices, indicate decreasing proportions of Es1-sourced oil and increasing proportions of Es3-sourced oil from west to east. The compositional heterogeneity within fields and between oils from nearby wells in different fields was an effective means of determining the infilling histories of heavy oil fields in cases where multiple source rock intervals and multiple generative kitchens exist. The overall oil migration orientation on the southern end of Liaoxi uplift is generally from west to east. Therefore, the source kitchen for the southern end of Liaoxi uplift is predicted to be the Liaoxi sag. The western slope of the Liaoxi uplift, along the oil charging pathways, is identified as the most promising region for oil exploration. 1. Geological setting Fig 4. Generalized Cenozoic stratigraphy of the Bohai Bay Basin (modified from X. N. Xie, 2005). Fig 1. Sub-basins of the Bohai Bay basin (sub-basin classification from Allen et al., 1997). Fig 3. Location of study area Fig 2. Location of study area N Charging of Heavy Oil Fields Surrounding the Southern End of Liaoxi Uplift From Multiple Lacustrine Source Rock Intervals and Generative Kitchens, Bohai Bay Basin, China Rucai Zhang; Derui Tian; Changgui Xu; Kui Wu; Wenjing Pan (Bohai Oilfield Research Institute, CNOOC Ltd. _Tianjin, China) Fig 8. Variation of Gam/C30H with 4-MSI. Gam = gammacerane; C30 H = C30 hopane; 4-MSI = 4-methylsteranes/C29 steranes. Fig 5. Variation of S2 with total organic carbon (TOC) content for samples from Liaodong Bay Fig 6. The crossing plot for HI (hydrogen index) and Tmax for samples from Liaodong Bay. Classifications after Tissot and Welte (1984). Fig 9. Variation of ETR with H/S. ETR=(C28+C29)/(C28+C29+Ts), H/S = hopane/sterane Fig 7. Variation of measured temperature (A), Rock-Eval Tmax (B), vitrinite reflectance (Ro, %) (C) and C29 20S/(20S + 20R) sterane ratio with depth in the Liaodong Bay. The Liaodong Bay has a relatively high thermal gradient (about 33 /km, Fig. 7A). Rock-Eval Tmax (Fig. 7B) and measured vitrinite reflectance (Ro, Fig. 7C) increase regularly with increasing depth. Tmax reaches 440 (Fig. 7B) and measured Ro exceeds 0.6% (Fig. 7C) at about 3050 m and suggesting that rocks below 3050 m are mature for oil generation. Comparison between the both parameters shows that Ro = 0.6% and 0.8% correspond with C29 20S/(20S + 20R) sterane ratios = 0.3 and 0.4 respectively (Fig. 7C, D). 2. Oil-source correlation The relatively high fluorescent AOM contents and high HI (Figure 6A) show that organic matter in Es3 is hydrogen rich, oil prone, and has good hydrocarbon-generating potential. The Es1 also displays widely variable HI, suggesting different organic matter types (Figure 6B). Many Ed3 samples have TOC content greater than 2.0% (Fig. 5C), S2 values higher than 10 mg HC/g rock (Fig. 5C) and hydrogen indices higher than 500 mg HC/g TOC (Fig. 6C), suggesting relatively high hydrocarbon-generating potentials. (A) (B) (C) (A) (B) (C


This chapter describes clinicians' filtering religion approaches to Buddhist traditions. Contemporary psychotherapists often express a prodigious enthusiasm about neuroscientific research purporting to prove the healing potential of Buddhist practices. Here scientific experimentation is seen as filtering away the taint of the religious or as leaving only a religious essence that is compatible with science – a "filtered religion" akin to filtered coffee. The seeds of filtering religion approaches lie in the work of early psychologists of religion like William James and James Bisset Pratt who also sought to filter Buddhist teachings through the high-technology psychologies of their own day in a search for new therapeutic religious forms (epitomized by "mind-cure" and James' "religion of healthy-mindedness"). Today, experimental research design is applied to Buddhist meditation and Christian petitionary prayer practices alike in order to validate their so-called secular biomedical use. The chapter thus concludes that therapists' filtering religion approaches to Buddhist traditions destabilize religion/secular binaries even as they submit the religious to the scientific or biomedical.


The conservation of recent heritage is contentious, and the issue of large-scale city centre Brutahst postwar buildings has proved more contentious than most. Many of these buildings have attracted neither widespread public support nor positive critical response. The example of Birmingham's Central library if used to explore these issues, as it has produced conflicting responsesfrom expert organisations, politicians, professionals and the public. The structure occupies a high-value site and, if realised, the income from its sale could be used for a range of civic activities. The intensely polarised debate was unsuccessful in changing entrenched opinions, and the building was prepared for demolition in mid-2015.


The utility model provides a blanking die for lock cushion punching. The blanking die comprises an upper die and a lower die, wherein the upper die comprises an upper die seat, a die handle, a cushion plate, a convex die fixing plate and a convex die; the die handle penetrates through the upper surface of the upper die seat and then extends out; the bottom end of the die handle is connected with the cushion plate below the upper die seat; the convex die fixing plate is connected with the cushion plate and is provided with the convex die; the size of the bottom end of the convex die is smaller than that of the top end of the convex die; the upper die also comprises a discharging plate which is positioned below the convex die and is connected with the upper die seat through a spring; a guide sleeve is arranged on the lower surface of the upper die seat; the lower die comprises a lower die seat, a concave die and a guide column; the concave die is positioned above the lower die seat; the edge wall of the concave die has a slope; the section of a cutting edge of the concave die is greater than the size of the top end of the convex die; the guide column is correspondingly arranged on the upper surface of the lower die seat; and the upper die and the lower die are opposite to each other. According to the blanking die, the size of the bottom end of the convex die is reduced so as to improve the pressure intensity, the edge wall of the concave die has the slope so as to ensure that a punching piece smoothly passes through an edge hole, and a cutting edge clearance is formed so as to reduce the abrasion of the edge wall of the concave die. Therefore, the punching accuracy and the production efficiency are improved, the production cost is reduced, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.


An open circuit aerosol wind tunnel with heating and humidity control was designed and constructed for testing particulate control devices. The facility supplies air flows up to 100 m/sup 3/ per minute and has an air jet particle dispersion device providing particle loadings with fly ash up to about 10 g/m/sup 3/. The test section cross section is 0.25 m by 0.75 m.


Dinitro pentamethylene tetramine (DPT) is an important precursor of octogen (cyclotetrame- thylene-tetranitramine. Starting from urea without isolation of intermediates, DPT was obtained by nitration, hydrolysis and Mannich condensation, in total yield of 63.2%. The reaction mechanism of one-pot synthesis of DPT was studied by isolating and capturing intermediates, and isotope tracing experiments. The stable in- termediates dinitrourea, nitramide and bis(hydroxymethyl)nitroamine were isolated, and the active interme- diate 1-nitro-hexahydrotriazine was captured by benzenesulfonyl chloride. The H 2 labeled DPT (DPT-D) was synthesized by the reaction of CD2O with NH3 and bis(hydroxymethyl)nitroamine. The analysis results from 1 H NMR and MS of DPT-D indicate that in the course of the reaction bis(hydroxymethyl)nitroamine is decomposed into CH2O and nitramide, and the small molecule species make up randomly to form triazine,


Flexible pressure sensors have been extensively employed in a range of fields, such as electronic skin (E–skin), humanoid robots, and personal health care. Laser–induced graphene (LIG) is an ideal active material to produce flexible sensors due to its advantages of one–step fabrication, excellent mechanical performance, and high conductivity. This paper presents a flexible capacitive pressure sensor (FCPS) consisting of LIG and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) foam. LIG can be fabricated by using a laser to directly write on polyimide (PI) film. By transferring the LIG to a porous PDMS foam, the FCPS acquired a plate–foam–plate integrated structure and it had high sensitivity (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim 0.026\,\textit {kPa}^{-1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$15\sim 40\,\textit {kPa}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) and a fast response time (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\sim 120\,\textit {ms}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>). In dynamic testing, the FCPS exhibited a stable (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\delta _{r}=\sim 1.785$ </tex-math></inline-formula>%) and low–hysteresis (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${h}=\sim 9.762$ </tex-math></inline-formula>%) response to pressure. Furthermore, no significant signal distortions were identified in 5000–cycle press/release testing, which demonstrated the long–term durability of the FCPS. The FCPS was capable of distinguishing between different external mechanical stimuli, including stretching, pressing, bending, and twisting by multiple responses (i.e., two electrode resistances and the capacitance between the electrodes). The FCPS was also employed to detect joint movements, body pressure, and arterial pulse. To study the spatial pressure distribution in depth, an FCPS array was developed by designing a LIG pattern into an electrode array. As a result, there was a mapping between the measurements and the spatial pressure. In our study, FCPS and its array were prepared for multiple stimuli identification and tactile sensing using a simple, efficient, and low–cost technique. The results from this study demonstrated that the FCPS and its array demonstrated potential for being fabricated into wearable medical devices, virtual reality/augmented reality (VR/AR) devices, or E–skin.


Abstract In contrast to current notions of globalization having resulted in a diminution of state sovereignty, capitalism is better able to reproduce itself within a national formation. There is thus no such thing as global capitalism but merely imperialism, i.e., an uneven articulation of national formations. Within this framework the state and its mechanisms are there to ensure the unimpeded reproduction of capitalist relations. Each instance of class struggle modifies the structures of the state. What characterizes the contemporary state is thus not diminution of its activities, but its transformation from a social state to a headquarters state. This second type of state embodies the downturn in popular assertiveness in recent years, one symptom of which is contraction in the state's social functions, changing it into an authoritarian institution elaborating bourgeois strategies.


The invention discloses an ageing testing device for insulating paper of a power transformer. The ageing testing device comprises an oil tank, a heat radiator and a circulating pump, wherein an oil outlet and an oil inlet are formed in the bottom of the oil tank; a circulating channel is formed among the oil tank, the heat radiator and the circulating pump; the oil tank is internally provided with an insulating paper bracket with a cylinder structure; the insulating paper bracket is fixedly arranged in the oil tank through a connection rod; heating temperature control units are uniformly distributed on the surface of the insulating paper bracket; an oil taking opening for sampling is formed in the side face of the oil tank. The ageing testing device and the ageing testing method for the insulating paper of the power transformer have the characteristics of simplicity in operation, capability of simulating the operation state of solid insulation in the transformer, capability of improving the operation temperature of the solid insulation in oil to accelerate ageing, capability of simultaneously determining a mathematic relation between an oil-soluble ageing product (the content of furfuraldehyde in the oil) and an ageing state (the polymerization rate of the insulating paper) of the solid insulation and the like.


On the basis of a four-week study carried out in 122 patients suffering from treatment-resistant depression, Poirier & Boyer ([1999][1]) claimed that " venlafaxine showed some evidence of superiority to paroxetine in this difficult-to-treat population". Careful analysis of their results, however


City engineers and planners have a critical role to play in the advancement of sustainable transportation systems at the local level. Practices that promote water quality and/or public health through transportation infrastructure are two central components of this role. Yet, little is known about the decision processes local governments use to adopt these sorts of new practices. This study explores innovations related to sustainable transportation systems using the Kansas City, Missouri, metropolitan area. Interviews with engineers and planners reveal that the automobile still dominates planning and decision making. However, when water quality or public health goals come to the fore, important decision factors include the relative advantage and observability of the strategies themselves, leadership of elected officials and public works directors, perceptions of funding levels, educational opportunities provided by professional organizations, and federal mandates.


— Observations on the effects of chlorprothixene on thirty-nine dogs attended in practice are reported. The use of the drug as a sedative, narcotic and premedicant is discussed and the opinion is expressed that it is a useful improvement in its field. A notable feature is the marked potentiation of general anaesthesia with very smooth induction and recovery.


ABSTRACT The spin-component scaling is employed in the energy evaluation to improve the distinguishable cluster approach. SCS-DCSD reaction energies reproduce reference values with a root-mean-squared deviation well below 1 kcal/mol, the interaction energies are three to five times more accurate than DCSD, and molecular systems with a large amount of static electron correlation are still described reasonably well. SCS-DCSD represents a pragmatic approach to achieve chemical accuracy with a simple method without triples, which can also be applied to multi-configurational molecular systems.


Two nurse practitioners surveyed a limited sample of nurse practitioners working in occupational health settings. The purpose of the study was to identify "common practice" which would serve as a basis for writing a functional job description for the nurse practitioners' role in these settings.


Describing data sets measures of central tendency and dispersion probability probability distributions sampling distributions confidence intervals hypothesis tests two population tests analysis of variance regression analysis Chi square tests time series and index numbers quality control. Appendices: how to write a business report answers to even numbered problems statistical tables.


PURPOSE: To provide a circuit connected with the control system of a pair-wire for a variable analog DC input for attaining bi-directional digital communication along the pair-wire for the diagnostic operation of a transducer. CONSTITUTION: This system incorporates a switching circuit for providing the first impedance for a DC signal and a second substantially high impedance while the same pair-wire system is used with a first position to which a capability to accept both a variable DC analog signal and a bi-directional digital communication signal is applied by applying a second switching position. Also, this system includes an analog input signal which is auxiliary to a circuit capable of further control as current feedback to a control algorithm in a microcontroller 59. An auxiliary process transmiter detects a variable related with a pressure, temperature, flow, or several other processes, and connects it with a circuit for the control of a transducer 34. At last, this system includes a new voltage adjuster and a capacity voltage supplying source, and the voltage is used on the two conductors from the controller for supplying a power source to the device. COPYRIGHT: (C)1994,JPO


As a wide forbidden band,ZnO is a direct band gap semiconductor,which has been widely used because of its superiorities of luminance,piezoelectricity,electrical conductivity,gas sensitivity,photocatalysis and so on. ZnO with the advantages such as the wide resource,low cost,nontoxic and harmless property,as well as various methods of preparation gets much attention. This paper summarizes the experimental survey and characteristics of the preparation of ZnO,providing suitable preparation method for researchers to choose according to specific needs. Moreover,the main application of nanometer ZnO is introduced.


Tobacco Control: An International Journal Ronald M. Davis; ed. London: BMJ Publishing Group. Subscription price: $140.00 institutional; $87.00 personal. A new quarterly journal offering reports of original studies, reviews, commentaries, book reviews, and news on effects of tobacco on health and disease and on the control of tobacco use. Articles submitted for possible publication should be sent to Dr. Ronald Davis, Editor, Tobacco Control, Michigan Department of Public Health, 3423 North Logan, P.O. Box 30195, Lansing, MI 48909; telephone: 517-335-8402; fax: 517-335-9476.


An ants Pheidole megacephala is a highly invasive insect, although the degree of invasiveness differs geographically. Collection of Pheidole megacephala (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) was obtained and their behavior towards decomposed animal tissues was investigated. This study focused on three parameters: Use of animal grazing chickens, cow liver, chicken gizzard, and sardine. After calculating the number of ants that colonized on each of the mentioned bait, chickens attracted the largest number of ants followed by the tissue of chicken gizzard. The other side of the study was done by place the carcass of hens in a cage for three days. By observing the behavior of the attracted ants, large numbers of ants (371) were found to transport the fly eggs in the body out. The other (78) fed on the body's discharge, while another bitten the body and another died on the body. Thirdly, three bodies of chickens were placed closed to the ant's nests and three others were placed away from them. Decomposition speed in both cases was calculated and temperature and humidity were recorded. Showing that the rate of decomposition of the carcass in the presence of ants was slower than none. This is due to the effectiveness of ants that hinder the effectiveness of other insect larvae feeding on this carcass. Ants feed on eggs and other insect larvae, especially dipteran insects. This led to reduces the consumption rate of the carcass by those infected insects (Necrophagous species). This due to misleading the calculation of the real death time of a body by criminal investigators.


The present invention is a long term non-circulation of the for parenteral administration - provides a pegylated liposomal doxorubicin compositions and methods for their preparation. Circulation time of the composition of the non-common in the Swiss albino mice at least 25 times longer than the liposomal composition. Non-pegylated liposomes are stable, and shows a low toxicity has been found to be effective in other tumor models.


Spatial distribution of pacific herring Clupea pallasii in the Okhotsk Sea waters at the northeastern coast of Sakhalin Island is described on the data of surveys conducted in June-October of 1989 and 1997-2020 using bottom and midwater trawls and Danish seine. The herring distribute widely, with the main aggregations in the area with depth up to 100 m between the Lunsky Bay and Piltun Bay. These aggregations are formed by the native herring of the North-East Sakhalin population, whereas the herring in the deeper waters belong to the Okhotsk population.


This book constitutes the proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Conceptual Structures, ICCS 2014, held in Iai, Romania, in July 2014. The 17 regular papers and 6 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 40 and 10 submissions, respectively. The topics covered are: conceptual structures, knowledge representation, reasoning, conceptual graphs, formal concept analysis, semantic Web, information integration, machine learning, data mining and information retrieval.


As the technology develop rapidly, people's life is more convenient in many aspects. For instance, technology is facilitating the way people shop. In this day and age, people does not need to go to market to buy things they want as they can get it by online shopping. This way is certainly saving the time, the money as well because they do not need to pay the transportation cost. However, with the assistances that technology offered, not all people are overly dependent on technology. Some of them, mostly baby boomers gen, tend to life the old-fashioned way. This research aims to find out the difference among three generations, including baby boomers, millennials, and digital natives in their dependence on technology and how it affects their shopping behavior including the shopping objective, shopping frequency, deciding online or offline, shopping hour as well as brand choice. This study investigated about 138 persons, consisted of 30 (22%) baby boomers, 34 (25%) millennials, and 74 (53%) digital natives. The data were collected using the questionnaire consisted of 29 questions related to daily interaction to technology and shopping behavior. Oneway ANOVA was used to analyze the data. The result shows that among baby boomers, millennials, and digital natives have different responses of their technological dependence relating to shopping behavior. However, there is no significant difference among three generations. Each generation have different trait of shopping. Thus, the marketer should to know what kind of generation of their target in order to give the appropriate marketing.


xix CHAPTER 1: Introduction 1 1.1. Problem Background 1 1.2. Aims of the Dissertation 5 1.3. Dissertation Structure 5 CHAPTER 2: Literature Review 7 2.1. Internal Combustion Engines 7 2.1.1. The Four Stroke Cycle 8 2.1.2. The Otto and Diesel Cycles 9 2.1.3. The Dual-Combustion Cycle 14


Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate the usefulness of laparoscopic myomectomy after hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women with uterine myoma. Methods: The total number of patients with uterine myoma in a postmenopausal women from March 1999 to December 2002 in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Chonnam University Hospital was 137. Patients underwent laparoscopic myomectomy are 12 (Group B) and only hormone replacement therapy without operation are 83 (Group A). The others are not undertaken any treatment (Group C). The number and size of myoma and the development of estrogen-dependent tumor periodically followed up. Results: There were significant differences among three groups with respect to myoma dimension, number. And the risk of developing of estrogen dependent tumor is not increased with Hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. So, laparoscopic myomectomy in a postmenopausal patients would be performed carefully. Conclusion: We are not sure whether HRT increases the number and size of the myoma and malignant change when compared with untreated with postmenopausal women. So, laparoscopic myomectomy in a postmenopausal patients would be performed carefully. Further prospective studies with larger groups and a long-term would be helpful in deciding which treatment modality would be appropriate in a postmenopausal patient with myoma.


A projector for a squash is provided to project a video or an image on three walls by the projector lens of an LCD(Liquid Crystal Display) projection device and output sound through a speaker if the position of a squash ball is tracked by three sensors, thereby raising interest in indoor exercise to enable users to practice exercise in life. A projector for a squash comprises three sensors(110a,110b,110c), three projection devices(112a,112b,112c), a CPU(Central Processing Unit)(120), a speaker(130), and a memory(140). If the position of a squash ball is detected by the three sensors, the CPU loads various multimedia contents stored in the memory and displays the images of the squash ball or outputs sound through the speaker in correspondence to the detected position of the squash ball. Data detected by the three sensors is transmitted to the CPU. The CPU receives and analyzes the detected data to recognize the position of the squash ball.


Science and technology,known as the primary productive forces,taken as the powerful weapon for mankind to understand and build the world.To construct a harmonious society reflects the primary demand of socialism,guaranteeing a country′s prosperity and well-being.Considering the particularity and the complexity of this subject,the paper holds that under the guidance of the View of Scientific Development,the task of building the harmonious society in the wester areas is to enhance the local applied technology,which will be chosen as a breakthrough and an in evitable choice.The sucessful examples in this aspect inclue"Gongcheng Mode","Xiangzhou Practice"and "Helinger Phenomenon"while the case of failure is represented by the desertafication in Minqin County.


The indescribable idea of the sublime fascinated and challenged the famous nineteenth century artist Ivan Konstantinovich Aivazovsky, whose dwelling upon this concept gave rise to countless visual responses. In this paper, we examine the earliest known version of his piece known as Walking upon the Sea, dated 1849, from the State Art Collection of the Royal Compound in Serbia. This particular image is a peculiar combination of the stormy sea at night and religious theme that embodies the artist's inner self- observations, thoughts, worldview, and the perceptive power of the years to come. Aivazovsky was a man of Romanticism and a visionary genius as well. He was occupied with the ideas of infinity, great drama and of the divine that challenges viewers' senses of space and time. Walking upon the Sea, the art piece of its time, is a manifest reflection of skepticism of the era, groundbreaking experiments, innovations, and discoveries.


Ingestion of certain unsubstituted sulphonamides causes an increased excretion of sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate ions. The effects are probably due to reduction of the quantity of hydrogen ions available for secretion by the renal tubules, with consequent impairment of the Na+- H+ exchange postulated by Pitts and Alexander as being responsible for the tubular reabsorption of bicarbonate ( 1 ).


PRAM (Post Randomization Method) was introduced in 1997 but it is still one of the least used methods in statistical categorical data protection. This fact is because of the difficulty to obtain a good transition matrix in order to obtain a good protection. In this paper, we describe how to obtain a better protection using an evolutionary algorithm with integrated information loss and disclosure risk measures to find the best matrix. We also provide experiments using a real dataset of 1000 records in order to empirically evaluate the application of this technique. Source URL: https://www.iiia.csic.es/en/node/54316 Links [1] https://www.iiia.csic.es/en/staff/jordi-mar%C3%A9s [2] https://www.iiia.csic.es/en/staff/vicen%C3%A7-torra [3] https://www.iiia.csic.es/en/bibliography?f[author]=537 [4] https://www.iiia.csic.es/en/bibliography?f[keyword]=465 [5] https://www.iiia.csic.es/en/bibliography?f[keyword]=519 [6] https://www.iiia.csic.es/en/bibliography?f[keyword]=464 [7] https://www.iiia.csic.es/en/bibliography?f[keyword]=518 [8] https://www.iiia.csic.es/en/bibliography?f[keyword]=520


The strength of briquette is the key factor to briquette,improving the briquette's strength is urgent to be solved when the briquette technology is turned into labor force.By using briquette's strength measurement,the strength of three kinds of processed briquettes is tested.Then the factors that are influent to briquette's strength are pointed out.


To see objects not just through the lens of human agency but through the lives of nonhuman beings that both shape and are shaped by relationships and processes embodied in material forms is to invite stories – in fossilized bones, decaying tissue and living flesh. (Mitman et al., 2018, p. xi) Several scholars within the field of human-computer interaction (HCI) have identified time and materiality as fundamental analytical facets of relevance to both the use and design of computer technologies (Berzowska et al., 2019; Odom et al., 2018). However, with some exceptions, there has been a (very reasonable) tendency to focus on relatively short-term interactions, delimited to situations of use or specific devices (although acknowledging, for example, issues of sustainability and temporal relationships and negotiations that take place across individuals, groups, and institutions). As a contrasting example of particularly long-term interactions, humanistic research fields, such as media archeology, critical posthumanism, and the environmental humanities, have recently directed attention to the notion of deep time as a long-term perspective providing new analytical and ethical traction on both temporalities and materialities of media technologies (Fredengren, 2016; Mattern, 2015; Parikka, 2017; Taffel, 2016). Put simply, deep time refers to temporalities that include the fundamentally perdurable geological processes of the Earth – effectively considering the pace, rhythm, causalities, and materialities by which durable ecological changes occur. While such a perspective may at first seem difficult to grasp and remote to HCI and design, we take stock in environmental anthropologist Richard D.G. Irvine's argument that "deep time is not an abstract concept, but part of the phenomenal world impacting on people at the level of experience" (Irvine, 2014, p. 157). Paraphrasing Irvine, we thus suggest that one challenge for HCI and design is to find new ways of exploring the interactions between humans, technologies and geological temporalities. As far as the authors of this paper can tell, the notion of deep time has not been specifically theorized in the realm of HCI and design. While this in itself does not mean that there are no academic overlaps already, it also calls for an exploration of theoretical and practical intersections and synergies between deep time and related areas within HCI. As such, the main contribution of this paper is an initial outline of how HCI can take aspects of, what we may call 'deep time design thinking', into consideration. Having said that the suggestions and implications in this paper come from approaching deep time and related areas in HCI analytically. Our theoretical analysis of overlapping concepts and the proposed implications are not meant to be read as decisive evidence, but rather as analytical and practical tools that highlight how materiality (and thereby design) can be understood, and reflected upon, in terms of 'deep' temporalities. We consequently regard this paper as a first attempt at analyzing and articulating the potential of deep time design thinking in HCI.


The world of the alehouse and tavern in early modern England has generally been
regarded as primarily male, a view that was deeply embedded in the period itself.
This essay explores the place of women within the public house, in serving, buying
and consuming alcohol, and the unwritten conventions that underpinned social
practice. It argues that while some female customers matched their contemporary
image, as disorderly, immoral and dishonest, it was also possible for respectable
women to visit a tavern or alehouse without risking their good name, provided they
adhered to the conventions. Middling-sort and elite women might drink and dine in
London taverns with their husbands, or in mixed parties; throughout England married
couples, and mixed groups of young folk, might drink, dance, and socialise; marketwomen
might assemble at the end of the day, and chapwomen often lodged overnight.
And, at least in London, respectable women might enter a public house alone, by
day, without meeting disapproval. Many establishments provided private as well as
public rooms, and these created social spaces for female customers, couples and
mixed parties, serving different needs than those met within the main public space.


A method for the detection of regime shifts in univariate time series is investigated in this paper by combining nonparametric regression and density estimation techniques with prediction tests for structural changes. An application of the method to US quarterly ex-post real interest rates is presented.


The practice of enriching nutrient-poor soils with large quantities of chemical fertilizer has contributed significantly to the boost in agricultural productivity witnessed over the last century. Plants also require minute quantities of micronutrients, such as iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn). Inadequate micronutrient concentrations in the soil are a crucial problem for crop production that can severely reduce yield and nutritional quality of crops. Modern agriculture can further promote micronutrient deficiency through excessive irrigation and imbalanced application of chemical fertilizers. Anecdotal evidence suggested that irrigation of crops with FFC H2O, a commercial product currently utilized by the agriculture, fishery, and food industries in Japan, improved crop yields. Our study quantified the biomass of radish and shirona plants watered with FFC H2O. These plants developed larger leaves, greater dry weight, and longer stems than plants watered with deionized H2O. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy revealed the presence of several biologically relevant micronutrients in FFC H2O. Radish plants watered with an FFC H2O solution that lacked micronutrients, or nutrient solutions that lacked either iron or zinc failed to increase plant size relative to controls. These results provide quantitative evidence that FFC H2O operates via micronutrient supplementation, and may alleviate micronutrient deficiencies through the addition of critical elements such as Fe and Zn. FFC H2O offers agriculturalists a simple and effective tool for the fortification of irrigation waters with micronutrients.


This article is a report of Colciencia investigation project, called: young population of Risaralda's Department. Criminality Vs prevention and sanction; executed during the period of July 2014 to July 2015. The aims of the investigation were to do a comparative study among the sanctions imposed on the teeenagers that are in conflict with the penal law in Pereira's judicial district, between the 2008 and 2013 years, and applying days of training according to the prevention program, Risaralda: a territory of crime's prevention. The research's development was of the juridical partner type with a mixed approach. There were used three techniques for the research; documentary review, a survey and a semi structured interview. It was possible to obtain like proved the estimation of 7.845 teenagers linked to the penal young system between 2008 and 2013 years, of which 84.7% was men and 15.3% women. Equally, they present the diagnosis results made in enrolled teen in the school population, on the knowledge of prevention measures, of the penal infractions committed by teenagers


The report on the problems of national self-identification is devoted to the analysis of the survey data of the students of International Sakharov Environmental Institute of Belarusian State University.The results reflect the difficulties in national self-identification of modern students.


Direct cyanation of protected amines will be achieved using electrochemical method in water. Sunlight will be utilised as a source of energy thus making the reaction sustainable and green.Oxidation reactions are powerful synthetic tools because they allow us to selectively increase the functionality of a molecule 1 . For this reason, a wide variety of oxidation protocols affecting an impressive range of transformations have been developed. However, many of them utilise stoichiometric amount of metal oxidants which are environmentally unfriendly 2 . Electrochemical oxidation is among a few methods that solve this problem by use of nonmetal oxidants. In my previous work 3 , I have shown that oxidation of cyclic amines can be prepared by this method. Unfortunately, the process is not environmentally friendly since it utilises energy generated sometimes from fossil fuels or nuclear source and more so uses non green solvents. If the energy can be generated from a renewable source, then it will be a plus, unfortunately, it is difficult to know the source of industrial electricity. Thus, use of sunlight will be an excellent alternative 4 . However, this has been a challenge due to different seasons in a year. Fortunately, my research will be based at the equator where sunlight is available 365 days a year. Moreover, this work has already been pioneered by Moeller et al 4 .


The present study investigates the compressive strength of cement-stabilized earth block masonry prisms with a number of masonry units and joint layer mortar combinations. The compressive strength of masonry was determined to be performed by uniaxial tests on 144 masonry prisms. The simple relationship has been identified for obtaining the compressive strength of stabilized earth block masonry from their corresponding block and mortar compressive strength. The predicted compressive strength of masonry prisms using the proposed expression is compared with 14 empirical equations and experimental data of past research available in the published literature. The compressive strength predicted by the expression proposed in the present study was found to be in good agreement with corresponding experimental data compared with other empirical equations available in the published literature.


Background  Patients' as well as doctors' expectations might be key elements for improving the quality of health care; however, previous conceptual and theoretical frameworks related to expectations often overlook such complex and complementary relationship between patients' and doctors' expectations. The concept of 'matched patient–doctor expectations' is not properly investigated, and there is lack of literature exploring such aspect of the consultation.


Healthcare system in this contemporary time is moving towards digitalization with respect to management of patients' health information, this is however pertinent to achieve improved healthcare quality, Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in hospital settings. The process therefore requires migrating from paper records to Electronic Health Records (EHRs) particularly in Africa where it has been a lingering challenge. However, adopting technology in the management of patient records will provide more accurate and details patient's profile. This study therefore investigated perceptions of health Information Management Professionals on the importance of computer system in health information management in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital ,Ile-Ife, Osun- State, Nigeria. A descriptive survey design was adopted and thirty (30) Health Information Management Professionals were randomly selected from Obafemi Awolowo Teaching Hospital.


The purpose of this investigation was to study rate variability during normal everyday activities among physiologically paced patients. A comparison of the spontaneous occurrence of arrhythmias with ventricular inhibited pacing was also mode. VDD pacemakers in 44 patients were randomly programmed to three‐week long periods of VVI (70 bpm) or VDD (back‐up rate 40‐50 bpm, upper rote 125–150 bpm) pacing, respectively. A Holter ECG was recorded during the last 24 hours of each period. Although the total number of QRS complexes was similar in the two pacing modes (4.3 × 106/24 hours), the rate span was extensively utilized during VDD pacing. During VDD pacing, only five patients of 39 with a programmed upper rate of 150 bpm reached this limit, while one of five with 125 bpm reached that rate. Occasional episodes of pacing at the back‐up rate of 40 or 50 bpm were recorded in 33 patients. Episodes of asymptomatic rhythm disturbances were recorded in both pacing modes. No significant differences existed as regards ventricular tachyarrhythmias between the two modes of pacing and it did not seem that the incidence was higher than could be expected in a patient population of the present age. Since severe AV block does not permit conduction of atrial impulses during VVI pacing, no direct comparison between the two pacing modes can be made concerning atrial tachyarrhythmias. Only one episode of pacemaker‐mediated SVT was found, and this was unsymptomatic.


The need to create a cloud architecture is due to the fact that most people do not pay proper attention to their health, often putting off an appointment with a doctor indefinitely. This circumstance in some cases can lead to grave consequences. Using the remote cloud monitoring model will allow patients registered in a medical institution to receive medical care in a timely manner due to remote automated health monitoring. The provision of services and emergency decisions with various levels of complexity is realized through the interaction of the web interface, the layer of intelligent data processing, the agent unit, the accumulation and analysis of experience, as well as by adapting the neural network data processing for high-performance computing systems.


We find the observation of David F. Aldridge concerning the length of the Rayleigh pulse valid and constructive. It should contribute to make the Rayleigh pulse for practical applications even more attractive.


The presented design and parameters of a three-phase AC plasma torch with the power up to 500 kW, flow rate of air 30–50 g/s (temperature up to 5000 K) could be used in different plasma chemical processes. Range of measured plasma temperature is 3500–5000 K. The paper presents investigations of the plasma torch operation modes for its application in plasma chemical technologies. Plasma chemical technologies for various purposes (processing, destruction of various wastes, including technological and hazardous waste, conversion or production of chemicals to obtain nanoscale materials, etc.) are very promising in terms of the process efficiency. Their industrial use is difficult due to the lack of inexpensive and reliable plasma torches providing the desired level of temperature, enthalpy of the working gas and other necessary conditions for the process. This problem can be solved using a considered design of a three-phase alternating current plasma torch with power of 150–500 kW with working gas flow rate of 30–50 g/s with mass average temperature up to 5000K on the basis of which an industrial plasma chemical plant can be created. The basis of the plasma torch operation is a railgun effect that is the principle of arc movement in the field of its own current field. Thanks to single supply of power to the arc, arcs forming in the discharge chamber of the plasma torch move along the electrodes under the action of electrodynamic forces resulting from the interaction of the arc current with its own magnetic field. Under the condition of the three-phase supply voltage, arc transits from the electrode to the electrode with change in the anodic and cathodic phases with frequency of 300 Hz. A special feature of this design is the ability to organize the movement of the arc attachment along the electrode, thus ensuring an even distribution of the thermal load and thus achieve long time of continuous operation of the plasma torch. The parameters of the plasma jet of the plasma torch and the single-phase three-phase plasma injector for use in a plasma-chemical unit for production of nano-dispersed materials are described in the paper.


Film has now become one of the indispensable art form today,song and dance movies is an important category of the film,the song and dance movies Chicago as an example to try the development that study of the art of dance to the movie plot,character emotion transfer,inner world of and the scene atmosphere of foil and other aspects of the meaning,value and function. Dance art not only can show the real life of the characters in the film,but also can show their spirit world,not only can give the audience visual experience,but also can give the audience to imagine,make the film more artistic expression. Therefore,the dance of the role of the film art is huge.


Socio-technical developments in computing have resulted in the emergence of innovative mobile systems which exploit the information available on the Internet to optimize the performance of hosted applications and services. One of the challenges in the real-time critical mobile applications such as remote patient monitoring is to ensure optimal power usage. We consider herewith a case, where context-aware middleware hosted on the mobile device uses wireless networks availability data obtained from the remote QoS Information Service to selectively turn on the network interface and handover to the wireless access network which results in the optimal power consumption on the mobile device. We evaluate the power savings potential of the proposed concept using close-to-real life simulations and compare the results with the network selection mechanism which uses only information locally available on the mobile device. The results obtained from the simulations encourage applying the proposed concept in real operational remote patient monitoring systems.


A canonical correlation analysis(CCA)-based method is proposed for prediction of future climate change which combines information from ensembles of atmosphere-ocean general circulation models(AOGCMs) and observed climate values. This paper focuses on predictions of future climate on a regional scale which are of potential economic values. The proposed method is obtained by coupling the classical CCA with empirical orthogonal functions(EOF) for dimension reduction. Furthermore, we generate a distribution of climate responses, so that extreme events as well as a general feature such as long tails and unimodality can be revealed through the distribution. Results from real data examples demonstrate the promising empirical properties of the proposed approaches.


We report on the development of nanowire-based field-effect transistors operating as high sensitivity terahertz (THz) detectors. By feeding the 1.5 THz radiation field of a quantum cascade laser (QCL) at the gate-source electrodes with a wide band dipole antenna, we record a photovoltage signal corresponding to responsivity values >10 V/W, with impressive noise equivalent power levels <6 × 10−11 W/√Hz at room temperature and a wide modulation bandwidth. The potential scalability to even higher frequencies and the technological feasibility of realizing multi-pixel arrays coupled with QCL sources make the proposed technology highly competitive for a future generation of THz detection systems.


In the modern competitive landscape for global economic leadership, it is crucial to analyze the trends in enhancing China's competitiveness, currently the world's second-largest economy. This article examines a comparison of GDP growth dynamics among leading countries – the United States, China, and Japan. It is determined that China has begun to outpace the United States in terms of growth rates from 1970 to 2022, indicating the potential for China to become the largest economy. These trends are also evident in the increasing share of China in global GDP alongside a decrease in this indicator for the United States and Japan. Some impetuous transformations are taking place in the realm of international trade, as China's exports and imports continue to grow, allowingto maintain a dominant position. In terms of quantity, China demonstrates a competitive position (second place) in attracting and exporting foreign direct investments. Also according to other analyzed quantitative indicators, China is competing with the United States for leadership. However, the analysis reveals a gap compared to developed countries concerning GDP per capita and overall competitiveness levels. Regarding the former indicator, there is an overall positive trend, despite a significant gap compared to developed countries. As for the latter, which is an integral measure, a negative trend is observed in 2022. Furthermore, the carried out analysis highlights an increase in competitiveness in the field of innovation, which serves as a driver for the development of all sectors of the economy and influences the competitiveness of Chinese goods and services in the global economy.


Reports on the relation between anthropometric variables (height, weight) and physical activity with ovarian cancer have been inconclusive. The objective of the current study was to extend investigation of potential associations in the Iowa Women's Health Study cohort.


Tm Pad-Bunnell test has been in general use for many years but relatively little attention has been paid to the immunochemical properties of the antibody which mediates it-referred to, in this paper, as the Paul-Bunnell antibody. The importance of characterizing any antibody at least as a 19s or 7s y-globulin is now f d y recognized, although the factors which determine 7s or 19s status are complex and imperfectly understood. The best documented of these is the phase of immunization: early synthesis of 19s (yM) antibody, later followed by formation of 7s (yG) elements, is a well-established sequence which has been observed in many experimental animals (e.g. Stelos, 1958; Uhr, Finkelstein and Baumann, 1962; Bauer, Mathies and Stavitsky, 1963) and in man (LoSpalluto, Miller, Dorward and Fink, 1962; Fink, Mdler, Dorward and LoSpalluto, 1962; Uhr, Dancis, Frankh, Finkelstein and Lewis, 1962) after exposure to a wide range of different antigenic materials. The amount of antigen, its chemical composition, and various obscure individual and species variations in the recipient are probably also relevant (Bauer et al., 1963 ; F r a h , 1964). Although some antibodies seem to occur almost exclusively as yM or yG globulins, others exist as complex mixtures with both 19s and 7s components. A few experiments with mercaptoethanol (Grubb and Swahn, 1958), chromatography (Pike and Schultze, 1960), and ultracentrifugation (Kunkel, Fudenberg and Ovary, 1960) have shown that the Paul-Bunnell antibody is a 19s 7-globulin but the number of sera examined was small and no attention was paid to the phase of the disease-two features which prompted the present investigation. A large number of sera have been obtained at known stages of the disease and the properties of the Paul-Bunnell antibody have been investigated by a number of different techques in an attempt to establish, frstly, whether it is invariably a 19s (yM) substance; secondly, whether 'incomplete' 7s sheep cell agglutinins-particularly of the G variety-are ever formed.


Value-added measures are becoming a critical piece of compensation reform, but buyers should be wary that any single number can express the effect teachers have on students.


This paper mainly deals with efficient retrieval of Dunhuang Frescoes from large image databases based on similarity calculation of color and texture features. In this paper, we firstly give out a survey of research on Dunhuang Frescoes by artists from all over the world. Therefore, these research achievements can provide us a new clue to organize and manage Dunhuang Frescoes databases, and guide us to find an efficient way to retrieve Dunhuang Frescoes from large-volume image databases. We present a similarity calculation method from multi-source analogy. Then we describe several techniques for extracting the color and texture features of Dunhuang Frescoes. Finally, we calculate the comprehensive similarity between Frescoes using color and texture features. By means of the similarity computation, we can carry on an efficient and fast image database retrieval. A Dunhuang Frescoes retrieval and analysis system demonstrates that retrieval using the combination of color and texture features can assure high precision and robustion.


Simultaneous estimation of variances of normal distributions with known means is considered under squared error loss. We show inadmissibility of the usual estimator (best multiple of sum of squared deviations from mean) by giving a class of improved estimators which expand the usual one towards infinity. The improvement is possible if the number of populations is greater than one.


The matching of keypoints present in two images is an uncertain process in which many matches may be incorrect. The statistical properties of the log distance ratio for pairs of incorrect matches are distinctly different from the properties of that for correct matches. Based on a statistical model, we propose a goodness-of-fit test in order to establish whether two images contain views of the same object. This technique can be used as a fast geometric consistency check for visual search.


'Innovation Now' was the over arching theme of the 11th GE Oil & Gas annual meeting held in Florence early February. Meg Chesshyre was among the 930 industry attendees from 69 countries.


This work carried out collaboration between all authors. Authors RA and EBB designed the study, performed the statistical analysis, wrote the protocol and first draft of the manuscript. Authors DW and SAK managed the analyses of the study and the literature searches. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. ABSTRACT Globally, there is an increasing number of vehicles being manufactured to looks into the use of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) as a fuel for commercial vehicles in Ghana, using Tema Community 1 as a case study. Questionnaires were distributed to 100 out of estimated 160 LPG powered vehicle users to sample their views on the use of LPG to fuel vehicles. It was revealed that 81% of LPG vehicles in the metropolis were converted from an originally run gasoline fuel. Also, the only means for leakage detection employed by most LPG vehicle drivers is by the use of smell; a very unreliable and unsafe practice. The LPG automobile users show inadequate safety knowledge on LPG usage. It is recommended that government should establish by-laws to regulate the operations of all LPG automobile users, perform regular training, education, inspection and enforce all LPG automobile users install safety devices in their vehicles for safety purposes.


Framed incentive structures and context effects may have training implications for applied visual search tasks such as airline luggage screening. Participants were trained with various incentive structures that focused, or were sensitive to, various signal detection outcomes. Also, participants were trained with different context representations (weapons or produce search). Twenty-four hours later, participants performed a transfer session in which the incentive structure and target set was unknown. Incentive structures that focused on negative outcomes (misses) led to a response bias that was closer to optimal compared to structures that focused on positive outcomes (hits). Task context affected response bias but had mixed effects on sensitivity. Results of this study may better inform the design of training and automated support for airline luggage screening and similar applied visual search tasks.


The Department of Materials Science and Engineering at MIT has for many years offered a graduate subject in Mechanical Properties of Polymers, which includes such topics as rubber elasticity, anisotropic elasticity, mechanics of composites, viscoelasticity, yield and fracture. In recent years this subject has made increasing use of web-based delivery, which offers a number of conveniences and enhanced topic coverage. This web-based coverage is now part of MIT's Open Courseware Initiative, so it is available worldwide. Most recently, the availability of the web material along with videotaped lectures has been important in making the subject a part of a distance-learning venture MIT is conducting with the Malaysia University of Science and Technology (MUST). The subject will be offered for the first time in Malaysia in Spring 2004, and this paper will outline steps taken by MIT and MUST in implementing it. I. The Overall MUST Program The Malaysia University of Science and Technology (MUST) is a recently-founded academic institution intended to provide a dramatic improvement in Malaysia's infrastructure for research and development, principally by educating highly skilled persons for that country's technical industries. In 2002, MIT and MUST entered into a collaborative agreement in which MIT would provide assistance to MUST in several areas, in particular the development of academic and research programs at the Masters Degree level 1 . The MUST/MIT subjects are taught in Malaysia by MUST faculty, with MIT faculty providing assistance to MUST faculty in subject development and delivery. This differs from other MIT distance-learning subjects in which MIT faculty deliver lectures either in person at the remote site or by electronic transmission from the MIT campus in Cambridge, MA USA. MIT subjects selected for replication at MUST are videotaped as they are taught at MIT, and the videotapes of lectures along with web-based courseware are made available to MUST. MIT faculty also travel to MUST for direct discussions with the MUST instructor of the subject to assist in lecture development. MIT provides assistance when MUST students or faculty have questions regarding the content or homework as they are delivered at MUST. To prevent MIT faculty workloads from being overloaded by these additional demands on their own regular teaching duties, an MIT teaching assistant at MIT funded by the MUST/MIT program is appointed to act as an intermediary between the two institutions. P ge 937.1 Proceedings of the 2004 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition, Copyright © 2004, American Society for Engineering Education There are currently 7 MUST/MIT academic programs either underway or planned for implementation later in 2004: 1. Biotechnology 2. Transportation and Logistics 3. Information Technology 4. Construction Engineering and Management 5. Materials Science and Engineering 6. Systems Engineering and Management 7. Energy/Environment II. The MUST Program in Materials Science and Engineering This presentation will address one of the subjects in program #5, Materials Science and Engineering, which began development in Fall 2003. A brief description of this program's academic requirements follows: Total credits: = 144 units 2 Thesis: = 36 units Core = 36 (three subjects) 6 Required Subjects = 72 units MSE 501 Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Materials MSE 502 Materials Selection, Design, and Economics MSE 503 Mechanical Properties of Materials MSE 504 Fabrication Technology MSE 505 Mechanical Behavior of Plastics MSE 506 Magnetic Materials: Principles and Applications MSE 507 Electronic Materials Design UCC 501Core Subject Being Offered: Systems Analysis and Design UCC 502 Sustainable Development: Theory, Economics and Policy MSE 600 Thesis (Required) In preparation for taking the graduate subjects, MUST students first take the following fundamental subjects during the summer months: FNC001 Mathematical Methods for Engineers FNC002 Engineering Probability and Statistics FNC003 Introduction to Computers and Engineering Problem-Solving FNC004 Economics FNC006 Biology FNC008 Mechanics of Materials FNC009 Introduction to Materials Science Page 937.2 Proceedings of the 2004 American Society for Engineering Education Annual Conference & Exposition, Copyright © 2004, American Society for Engineering Education FNC010 Mathematics for Biotechnologists FNC011 Fundamentals in Chemical Engineering In addition to subject work, every MUST graduate student is required to complete an individual research thesis continuing over two semesters. The thesis is a scholarly treatment of a subject or an investigative treatment of a problem, which is sufficiently limited in scope to ensure thoroughness. A thesis advisor and thesis committee supervises the work on the thesis, but the student is expected to take the initiative at every stage. MIT faculty also act as coadvisors for MUST thesis students, and funding is available when appropriate for collaborative research projects to be conducted both in Malaysia and at MIT. III. The MIT Subject in Mechanical Behavior of Plastics Mechanical Properties of Plastics (MIT subject 3.91 3 ) is one of MIT's principal graduate subjects in polymeric materials. It is a core subject in the doctoral Polymer Program of the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and also in the MIT interdepartmental Program in Polymer Science and Technology (PPST). 3.91 was developed originally by Prof. F.J. McGarry in the 1960's, and has been offered continually at MIT ever since. Prof. D. Roylance has co-taught the subject since the mid-1970's, and became the sole instructor with Prof. McGarry's retirement in June 2002. As its name implies, 3.91 is aimed at presenting the concepts underlying the response of polymeric materials to applied loads. These include both the molecular mechanisms of the response and the mathematical description of the relevant continuum mechanics. It is dominantly an "engineering" subject, but with an atomistic flavor. The subject content follows approximately that of the excellent text by I.M. Ward 4 , which is the assigned text for the subject: • Polymer structure • Deformation of elastic solids • Rubber-like elasticity • Linear viscoelasticity • Composite materials and laminates • Yield • Fracture The subject is delivered at MIT in a conventional lecture format, but with projection of webavailable notes 5 replacing most of what formerly had been chalked on the blackboard. Students are given hardcopies of the notes before lecture, so note-taking is largely devoted marking up the copies with comments on the content rather than rote copying of the blackboard. Even though it is sometimes claimed, only partly in jest, that copying the blackboard is the only thing that keeps students awake during lecture, this web-enhanced approach seems to be an improvement over the traditional chalk-based method for both undergraduates and graduates. It is also helpful to the instructor in organizing the subject and keeping on schedule.


Rational Drug Design still faces a major hurdle for the prediction of drug efficacy in vivo solely based on its binding affinity for the target in vitro. The traditional perspective has proven to be inadequate as it lacks the consideration of essential aspects such as pharmacokinetics and binding kinetics in determining drug efficacy and toxicity. Residence time, the average lifetime of drug-target complex, has gained broader recognition as a better predictor for lead optimization. Long residence time could contribute to sustained pharmacological effect and may mitigate off-target toxicity as well. To unravel the underlining mechanism for variation of residence time and determine the ligand features governing the unbinding kinetics, unbinding kinetics of two distinct type II inhibitors of p38α MAP kinase were investigated and compared by molecular dynamics and metadynamics simulation approaches. Free energy landscape of key motions associated with unbinding was constructed for both inhibitors. Multiple unbinding pathways and rebinding were revealed during the drug-target dissociation process of faster unbinder Lig3 and slower unbinder Lig8 respectively, suggesting a novel mechanism of unbinding kinetics. This comparative study implies that hydrophobic and hydrogen-bonding interactions in the R1 group of ligands are crucial for slow unbinding. Such kind of structure-kinetics relationship approaches could also be applied to predict unbinding pathways and kinetics of many other small molecules, and facilitate the design of efficient kinase inhibitors.


1 What is the essence of night, if not lack, need, and longing?-Schelling Climacus reports a scene overheard, seen in a fugitive glance through leaves as he sat on a bench at twilight in 'the garden of the dead', a cemetery, most likely Copenhagen's Assistens Kirkegård. The scene is the grief of a grandfather mourning at the grave of his son, and speaking tearfully of the meaning of that death to a ten-year-old boy, his grandson, now fatherless. The 'garden of the dead', as it is called, is not at the city's center, but at some remove, not out in the wooded parklands, but nevertheless sufficiently alive with nature's leafy shadows and open skies that Climacus can exalt in a kind of minor ecstasy over the coming of night-as if night were an invitation for a " nocturnal tryst " , a beautiful prelude to the more tearful tableau ahead, where a grandfather's grief will spill over as an anguished admonition to his barely understanding grandson. But what can the night tell us of mood, yearning, and heartache? Night beckons with promise of a tryst. .. with the infinite, persuaded by the night's breeze as in a monotone it repeats itself, breathing through forest and meadow, and sighing as though in search of something, urged by the distant echo in oneself of the stillness as if intimating something, urged by the sublime 1 This essay is to appear in a collection published by Cambridge University Press, edited by Rick Furtak, to accompany Alastair Hannay's 2009 Cambridge translation of Kierkegaard's Concluding Unscientific Postscript to Philosophical Crumbs.


To contruct amylolytic industrial strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae which produce ethanol efficiently from raw starch, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens α-amylase genes (Amy) or Aspergillus awamori glucoamylase genes (GA1) was separately introduced into the ribosomal DNA loci in the chromosomes of the raw starch fermenting-parental strain (ATCC 9763/YIpδAGSAδ), using double 18S rDNA-integration system. Ethanol production after 3 days of fermentation by the strain that produced ethanol most efficiently from raw starch (ATCC 9763/YIpδAGSAδ/YIpAG2rD) among the transformant strains was 1.5-times higher than that by the parental strain. This new strain generated 9.2% (v/v) ethanol (72 g/L) from 20% (w/v) raw corn starch and consumed 75% of the raw starch content during the same period.


Tubercular esophagocutaneous fistula is a very rare complication arising either due to erosion by caseating cervical lymph nodes or due to tuberculosis (TB) of the esophagus. Both of these conditions are themselves rather sporadic. A young male presented with a passage of "orally taken liquids" from an opening in the neck. He had no primary foci of TB detected whatsoever, which was unusual. He was started on antitubercular treatment (ATT) for 8 weeks, but due to nonclosure of tract, the fistula had to be excised. Histopathology confirmed the tubercular nature of tract. ATT was continued postoperatively. There has been no recurrence even after 1½ years of follow-up.


In order to further regulate the transmission format of the electrolysis aluminum production data, simplify operations, improve operational precision, this paper proposes a solution program based on XML, WebService, the program involves on-site production data collection, transmission, processing and presentation etc. Technically, the program fully performs the advantage of using XML to organize data, also makes perfect combination with the WebService, Windows Mobile OS and .Net platform, so the system is great flexibility and scalability, which is a direction of deeply informationizing the industry of aluminum electrolysis.


Real property activity comes from the highly abstract thinking process of German conceptual legal doctrine, having great influence in the Chinese regard.Many scholars have provided a lot of proof and criticize for its value and whether it exists or not.However, there are disputes over real property activity contains only agreement over property or that and formalism which informs the public.The author ,from the angel of history and theoretic constructre, proves the activity must contain the agreement and the form then its goal can be realized.


This article focused on Minimum Support Price (MSP) policy and it impact on important crops in India. In this study tested the hypothesis of "MSP has positively affects and correlates with area under cultivation and production of those crops" after examination of this hypothesis. It is found that, this hypothesis is not matching set to production of each crops and their area under cultivation. While the study concludes that, MSP is not affecting positively on agricultural production.


The high performance DDS chip AD9951 produced by ADI is adopted to design a frequency synthesizer in this paper.A design scheme of DDS +DSP is adopted.The designed synthesizer adapted PLL ADF4113 to offer a reference clock for AD9951.The whole system adopts high-performance DSP as the control circuit.The main performance characteristics of AD9951 chip and its application to frequency synthesizer with fast frequency hopping is mainly introduced in detail.


There are many methods of authentication in use today; however they all have rather similar problems in common. Ruling is a rule based authentication method that works between a user and a system, and seeks to rectify some of these problems. First this paper will analyse the current level of research in the field of authentication methods. The common problems will be discussed, followed by the proposed solution called Ruling. Ruling's main aim is to keep the secrets of an individual's authentication method a secret. The rules, which this method is based on and the user creates, are only transmitted once during registration. Challenges are randomly generated for the user to apply their set of rules against in order for them to create an appropriate Response. The implementation of Ruling used in this paper successfully demonstrated the proof of concept. Ruling's trade-offs were that it was that it appeared more difficult for an observer to replicate the necessary information in order to reliably authenticate, but it also seemed more difficult for a user to remember their Ruleset. Different styles of setting rules would also affect how secure, precise, and rememberable the authentication steps were.


Let be the class of functions w(z) regular in the unit disc D = {z : |z| < 1} with w(0) = 0, and |w(z)| < 1. For arbitrarily fixed real numbers A 2 ( 1,1) and B 2 ( 1,A), let P(A, B) be the class of regular functions p(z) in D such that p(0) = 1, and p(z) 2 P(A, B) if and only if p(z) = 1+Aw(z) 1+Bw(z) for every z 2 D, for some w(z) 2 . In the present paper we apply the subordination principle to give new proofs


Based on the homogeneous model, a mathematical model of the adiabatic capillary was established with metastable influence considered. A simulation program was developed according to the refrigeration system with the refrigerant R22. The results were proved to be feasible by comparing with the experimental and simulation results of published references


Based on the continuum damage description, a continuum damage model was establishd and modified. The modified model was implemented in transient dynamic explicit finite element code LS-DYNA3D and used to simulate the reinforced concrete perforation.The numerical simulation results show a good agreement with the measured data.The model is capable of to predict the behavior of the dynamic reinforced concrete.


Preface Partial Differential Equations Elements of the Theory of the Stochastic Processes Partial Differential Equation in the Consumer Theory Partial Differential Equations in the Producer Theory Partial Differential Equations and Pricing of the Financial Derivatives A Theory of Boundedly Rational Behaviour Partial Differential Equations in Game Theory The Multi-dimensional Screening Model Conclusions References.


Aircraft icing is the phenomenon that forms an ice layer on the solid surface by impingement of supercooled water droplets in the atmosphere. In icing on rotor blades, ice is shed from the blade surface by centrifugal force as the accumulated ice grows. The ice shedding on rotor blades is a dangerous phenomenon, but the physical mechanism and properties are unclear, and most simulations have not considered it. Therefore, it's necessary to establish an ice shedding model for icing simulations. In this study, we proposed an ice shedding model in which the condition for ice shedding is that the centrifugal force exceeds both the adhesion and tensile forces. Centrifugal force exceeding adhesion force expresses adhesion failure, while centrifugal force exceeding tensile force expresses cohesion failure. We also proposed functions of temperature and medium volume diameter (MVD) as adhesion strength and tensile strength for ice shedding judgment. Numerical simulations were performed to validate the model, and the ice shedding conditions were investigated through comparison with the experimental results. The progress of icing on the rotor blade was simulated by UPACS, which is composed of the flow field and droplet trajectory computations and the extended Messinger model (Ozgen, S. and Canibek, M., 2009) to simulate the thermodynamics. In the icing process, we simulated the change of centrifugal, adhesion, and tensile force over time. The results showed that icing simulation using UPACS can reproduce the experimental ice shapes, and the present ice shedding model can predict both the shedding timing and location with reasonable accuracy.


Introduction: Uruguay as a Question From Alienation to Integration: Intellectuals, Politics & Polemics From FIDEL to the Frente: The Uruguayan Left Looks for Someone to Talk to Dialogue Engaged: The Frente Amplio as Coalition Interlude: The Armed Forces and Failure The Revenge of the Foreign: Uruguay on the Eve of De(con)struction Dialogue Resumed: Democracy, Intellectuals and the Frente Amplio in Post-Dictatorship Uruguay Dialogue Outside Politics: Uruguay as Problem in the Twenty-first Century Conclusion.


Objectives: to identify adolescents' knowledge of safe sexual practices and to identify adolescents' information needs about sexually transmitted infections and pregnancy. Method: cross-sectional study conducted with 499 adolescents in public school, from February to April 2017, by using a self-applied and structured questionnaire. Results: the best known method was the male condom (94.4%); among male adolescents, 22.7% considered condom use unnecessary in all sexual relations (p<0.01) and 24.6% stated that oral contraceptives protected against sexually transmitted infections (p=0.04). Conclusion: the adolescents presented previous and eventually superficial conceptions regarding the prevention of STI and pregnancy. Female participants presented greater knowledge about contraceptive methods, sexually transmitted infections and safe sex practices. The identification of disabilities in the knowledge presented by the group recommends activities related to sexual education in schools.


A contour edge detector combing SUSAN principle and surround suppression is proposed in this paper. Specifically, the operator follows the flow of the Canny edge detector. Firstly, the edge gradient information and modified SUSAN principle are utilized to classify contour edge points and texture edge points approximately. Secondly, surround suppression is applied on the texture edges to suppress them. Finally, contour map is constructed through two hysteresis thresholding procedures. Performance comparison with three other detectors is made and experimental results show that our contour detector performs better.


A high-power diode-end-pumped continuous-wave (CW) passively mode-locked picosecond (ps) 1319 nm Nd:YAG laser was demonstrated with a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM). The oscillator cavity was accurately designed to optimize the laser beam radii in the centre of crystal and on the SESAM. At an absorbed pump power of 102 W, the maximum mode-locked output power of 10.3 W was achieved with pulse width of 27.1 ps and a beam quality factor M2  =  1.38 at the repetition rate of 76 MHz, corresponding to an optical-optical efficiency of 10.1%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of diode-pumped passively CW mode-locked ps Nd:YAG laser at 1319 nm with a SESAM.


PURPOSE
This study aimed to determine the attitudes and beliefs of the nursing students toward sexual healthcare and the obstacles they encounter.

METHODS
This descriptive study included 475 nursing students.

FINDINGS
The total Sexual Attitude and Belief Survey score was associated with many characteristics such as nursing year, mothers' educational status; talking about sexuality, receiving sexual health education, the status of clinical sexual health evaluation; having difficulty in providing sexual healthcare to the opposite sex, feeling shy about providing sexual healthcare (p < 0.05).

PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS
The result of this study showed that nursing students have negative beliefs and attitudes toward sexual healthcare.


First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Journal of Cell Science, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Ambuja Navalkar is first author on 'Direct evidence of cellular transformation by prion-like p53 amyloid infection', published in JCS. Ambuja conducted the research described in this article while a research fellow in Professor Samir K. Maji's lab at the Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India. She is now an Institute Postdoctoral Fellow in the Maji lab, investigating protein aggregation linked with cancer and neurodegeneration.


A dynamic technique for establishing a three dimensional (3D) mouse is possible by combining holography with a microstrip antenna in order to enter 3D data into a computer. The idea depends on two techniques, the first generates a point source hologram from a dipole antenna. Secondly a receiving microstrip antenna will be attached to operator's hand. A practical system for this purpose is constructed and performances are evaluated theoretically and tested experimentally. Scanning time is improved by replacing the antenna element with an array to achieve reasonable or real time results in editing 3D images. A simulation model is developed to create similar holograms. Experimental and simulation results give excellent agreement.


ABSTRACT Using an approach derived from material culture studies and semiotics, this speculative paper addresses possible relationships between humans and horses in the British Iron Age. Through a study of dominance of horse imagery found on Iron Age British coinage, specifically the Western coins traditionally attributed to the 'Dobunni', the author explores what these coins may be able to inform us regarding the possible relationships between humans and horses and their personhood therein. Drawing on wider evidence including faunal remains and other horse-related metalwork, it is argued that these coins could be interpreted as a manifestation of the complex perspectives surrounding a symbiotic relationship between humans and horses.