The purpose of the paper is to bring together the two newly elaborated concepts of Digital Territories (DT) and Design Construction Continuum (DCC) in order to approach the design of evolving – intelligent environments. Digital Territories is a concept elaborated 2005 by a Core Expert Group, conceived as an ephemeral Ambient Intelligence (AmI) space. DTs formed through the interconnection of physical objects embedding digital technologies, postulate the integration of the physical and the digital world, searching for operative definitions of new evolving in time functionalities. In DT's, bridges between the physical and the digital are discrete elements disposing of certain autonomy in their conception and internal structure. Bridges have to be designed and located. The DCC proposes to relate design, fabrication and construction through information networks (it is in fact a DT). Through the DCC approach, design information is becoming construction information and industrial fabrication information. The DCC has to integrate interaction design and respond to questions posed by DTs design. DTs are integrated to DCC by constituting an intermediate level between building programming and design. Intelligent Building Components, that is AmI components operating as bridges between the physical and the digital in Digital Territories formations, cooperating to develop swarm intelligence applications to architectural space, are elements managed by the DCC. DT's are about spaces communicating and the DCC is about communicating (design) space.


In this article, a novel microstrip grid array antenna is presented. For achieving a high gain and good impedance match, its structural parameters were optimized by a parallel genetic algorithm. A prototype antenna measures a gain of 18.3 dBi with an input return loss of −15.0 dB at its working frequency of 2.45 GHz. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 50: 2976–2978, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.23856


Here we study the existence of codimension one subvarieties of Mg parametrizing curves with very low gonality with respect to balanced line bundles (i.e. the line bundles with multidegrees satisfying certain inequalities introduced by D. Gieseker and L. Caporaso). We also study the gonality se- quence of certain hyperelliptic stable curves. AMS Subject Classification: 14H51, 14H10


We performed reactive meso-scale simulations of short-pulse experiments to study the influence of flyer velocity and pore structure on shock initiation of LX-10 (95wt% HMX, 5wt% Viton A). Our calculations show that the reaction evolution fit a power law relationship in time and increases with increasing porosity, decreasing pore size, and increasing flyer velocity. While heterogeneous shock initiation modes, dependent on hot spot mechanisms, are predicted at lower flyer velocities, mixed heterogeneous-homogeneous shock initiation modes, less dependent on hot spots, are predicted at higher velocities. These studies are important because they enable the development of predictive shock initiation models that incorporate complex microstructure and can be used to optimize performance-safety characteristics of explosives.


Non-linear filter has been widely used in many applications, and particle filter (PF) is a promising approach because it can treat the non-linear and non-Gaussian system. If there are correlations between process noise and measurement noise in the non-linear system, the performance of general PF degenerates. The study addresses that there are correlated measurement and process noise at the same time in the non-linear system. Aiming at this problem, the authors decouple the correlation and rearrange the state transition equation to a new one, and remove the correlation. And then apply the general PF based on the new state transition equation and the original measurement equation. From the derivation, it is easy to know that the proposed method is equal to general PF when there are no correlated noises. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the general PF when there are correlated noises.


In order to understand the impact of anthropogenic emissions upon the earth's environment, scientists require remote sensing techniques which are capable of providing range-resolved measurements of clouds, aerosols, and the concentrations of several chemical constituents of the atmosphere. The differential absorption lidar (DIAL) technique is a very promising method to measure concentration profiles of chemical species such as ozone and water vapor as well as detect the presence of aerosols and clouds. If a suitable DIAL system could be deployed in space, it would provide a global data set of tremendous value. Such systems, however, need to be compact, reliable, and very efficient. In order to measure atmospheric gases with the DIAL technique, the laser transmitter must generate suitable on-line and off-line wavelength pulse pairs. The on-line pulse is resonant with an absorption feature of the species of interest. The off-line pulse is tuned so that it encounters significantly less absorption. The relative backscattered power for the two pulses enables the range-resolved concentration to be computed. Preliminary experiments at NASA LaRC suggested that the solid state Raman shifting material, Ba(NO3)2, could be utilized to produce these pulse pairs. A Raman oscillator pumped at 532 nm by a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser can create first Stokes laser output at 563 nm and second Stokes output at 599 nm. With frequency doublers, UV output at 281 nm and 299 nm can be subsequently obtained. This all-solid state system has the potential to be very efficient, compact, and reliable. Raman shifting in Ba(NO3)2, has previously been performed in both the visible and the infrared. The first Raman oscillator in the visible region was investigated in 1986 with the configurations of plane-plane and unstable telescopic resonators. However, most of the recent research has focused on the development of infrared sources for eye-safe lidar applications.


INTRODUCTION: Brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI) affects 1-3 in every 1,000 births, making it the most common nerve injury in children [1]. Sequelae depend on the location of the injury, with nerve rupture (postganglionic) causing muscle weakness, disuse, and contractures [2] and nerve avulsion (preganglionic) leading to muscle weakness and disuse without contracture [3]. Using rat models of these injury locations, we previously showed that postganglionic injury results in more severe gross morphological changes at the glenohumeral joint than preganglionic injury [4]. However, the effect of injury location on bone microstructural changes is unclear. We hypothesized that both injuries would be detrimental to trabecular microstructure, with more severe changes in postganglionic than preganglionic BPBI.


We are pleased about the considerable interest in our target article and that there is overwhelming agreement with our central thesis that, if the term implicit is understood as unconscious in reference to bias, implicit bias (IB) should not be equated with bias on implicit measures (BIM) (Cesario, this issue; Corneille & B ena, this issue; Cyrus-Lai et al., this issue; De Houwer & Boddez, this issue; Dovidio & Kunst, this issue; Melnikoff & Kurdi, this issue; Norman & Chen, this issue; Olson & Gill, this issue; Schmader et al., this issue; but see Krajbich, this issue; Ratliff & Smith, this issue). We are also grateful for the insightful commentaries, which continue to advance the field's thinking on this topic. The comments inspired us to think further about the relation between IB and BIM as well as the implications of a clear distinction between the two. In the current reply, we build on these comments, respond to some critical questions, and clarify some arguments that were insufficiently clear in our target article. Before doing so, we would like to express our appreciation for the extreme thoughtfulness of the commentaries, every single one of which deserves their own detailed response. For the purpose of this reply, we will focus on recurring themes and individual points that we deem most important for moving forward. We start our reply with basic questions about the concept of bias, including the difference between behavioral effects and explanatory mental constructs, the role of social context, goals, and values in evaluating instances of bias, and issues pertaining to the role of social category cues in biased behavior. Expanding on the analysis of the bias construct, the next sections address questions related to the implicitness of bias, including the presumed unconsciousness of BIM, methodological difficulties of studying unconscious effects, and the implications of a broader interpretation of implicit as automatic. The next sections again build on the discussions in the preceding sections, addressing questions about the presumed significance of IB research for understanding societal disparities and the value of BIM research if IB is treated as distinct from BIM. The final section presents our general conclusions from the conversation about our target article and several suggestions on how to move forward. Reflections on Bias


The projection-operator formalism of Feshbach is applied to resonance scattering in a single-channel case. The method is based on the division of the full function space into two segments, internal (localized) and external (infinitely extended). The spectroscopic information on the resonances is obtained from the non-Hermitian effective Hamilton operator $H_{\rm eff}$ appearing in the internal part due to the coupling to the external part. As well known, additional so-called cut-off poles of the $S$-matrix appear, generally, due to the truncation of the potential. We study the question of spurious $S$ matrix poles in the framework of the Feshbach formalism. The numerical analysis is performed for exactly solvable potentials with a finite number of resonance states. These potentials represent a generalization of Bargmann-type potentials to accept resonance states. Our calculations demonstrate that the poles of the $S$ matrix obtained by using the Feshbach projection-operator formalism coincide with both the complex energies of the physical resonances and the cut-off poles of the $S$-matrix.


This case report describes the autotransplantation of a third molar with developing roots in a young female patient. Following transplantation into the socket of mandibular first molar, the tooth was stabilized with sutures and a custom made semi rigid splint. On recall examination one year after completion of the surgical technique, the transplant responded positively to electric pulp testing and showed absence of infection, ankylosis or progressive resorption. The transplantation of a third molar can be seen as a promising method to replace a lost permanent tooth. Clinical relevance :The permanent first molar is the most caries prone permanent tooth, probably because of its early exposure to the oral environment. Unrestorable teeth need to be extracted. Its extraction leads to unfavorable occlusal changes . Fixed prosthesis and implants are not feasible in growing patients because they may impede the normal growth of facial bones, in particular, of the alveolar process. This case report describes autotransplantation of third molar with incompletely formed roots as a viable treatment option when permanent first molar needs to be extracted. The use of semirigid splint has been demonstrated and follow up showed good prognosis.


Existing studies by our study group have indicated connexins to be involved in oral carcinogenesis of the squamous cell carcinoma, so the objective of this trail was to investigate the gene expression of connexin 26, 43 and 45 in the course of carcinogenesis by using hamsters for an in-vivo study design.
By applying 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-Benzanthrazen (DMBA) into the hamster pouches, we were able to induce carcinomas that could be examined macroscopically, histologically, as also the scale of inflammation to evaluate the effectiveness of this technique. Furthermore we analyzed gene expression by performing RNA isolation, PCR and applying statistical analysis.
Overall we were able to demonstrate a distinct carcinogenic effect of DMBA application in accord with the length of treatment by inspecting the macroscopic changes, the histology and inflammation. We found significant correlation between the histopathological grading and duration of treatment. Considering gene expression, we detected a significant increase in gene regulation of connexin 26 and 45. Connexin 43 showed no changes in gene regulation. Comparing histolpathological grading and gene expression no relation was comprehensible.


This fully-automated 3D photo booth uses a single-or dual-lens camera or other depth sensors. Depth algorithms process the pictures taken, which can be inserted into themed templates. A novel method of coarse segmentation separates the foreground and background. The photo booth dispenses an interlaced print and snap-in photo frame, or gives the option of viewing on a mobile device or sending via email or social media. On a mobile device, the 3D viewing is with a snap-on or adhesive optical overlay if available, using novel lenticules that solve Moire artifacts. In the absence of an optical overlay, tilt sensors are used to move the viewpoint of the 3D scene model, to look around objects in the foreground, the same as if real objects were being tilted back and forth.


In his book, Being Singular Plural , Jean-Luc Nancy articulates a theory of Being that moves beyond singular, coherent subjectivity. Instead, Nancy postulates, existence can – and must – be understood only as co-existence. Key to this configuration is the concept of touch because following Nancy, Being is grounded in touching. As apparently individual beings, none of us is responsible for our own existence – no one can be their own origin – we exist in a state of contact with other beings, even when we do not touch them physically. Co-existence, then, is framed as singular-plurality in order to articulate the point of contact between a seemingly singular being and the others with which s/he always exists even as s/he remains simultaneously distinct. For Nancy, this moment of touch reveals the always-operative relationship between self and other – singular and plural – such that these distinctions become negotiable, or, at the very least, fluid. He explains that this contact allows for one to understand oneself through another as well as another through oneself, collapsing the sense of boundary between them. This paper will extend Nancy's notion into a particular form of filmmaking: avant-garde found footage. Using Martin Arnold's piece touchee (1993), I will argue that this genre highlights how filmmaking can become a process whereby filmmaker and image enter into a reciprocal relation – the filmmaker both touches and is touched by the images. Through the use of the optical printer, Arnold makes these registers of touch possible and legible. On the one hand, the nature of this touching is certainly metaphorical, in that, when choosing which texts to remix, the filmmaker must first have an experience – presumably a memorable one – of viewing the film. "Finding" the footage occurs when the filmmaker is touched by the it – akin to the way in which we might speak of being touched by an image as a means of describing its emotional resonance. Additionally, Arnold's process of found footage filmmaking involves a physical touch. By literally touching the celluloid, he opens a space in which the ontological touch can be considered. The collaboration between the found footage filmmaker and the material serves to highlight the unique ontological possibilities of being-with moving images enacted by touch. Though, in a certain sense, this practice of touching is not specific to piece touchee – since Arnold is far from the only filmmaker to use the optical printer – but, as I will show, in its very title, the film announces the role touching plays in both its origins and the artist's approach. Translated a "touched piece" the title refers to both a chess rule (related to the illegality of touching a piece on the board and then refusing to move it) and to Arnold's own contact with the celluloid. Ultimately, then, what this paper suggests is that the film explicitly engages with its material in reciprocity; reciprocity that begins with physical touch in such a manner that reveals the ontological touch.


Haemophagocytic reticulosis is characterized by pancytopenia and an increased mass of reticuloendothelial cells in various organs containing engulfed blood cells (see Buist, Jones, and Cavens, 1971; Oehmichen, Narita, and Roloff, 1972; Nezelof and Eliachar, 1973). The pathogenesis is obscure. Autoimmunity, primary histiocytic proliferation, and a graft versus host reaction have been suggested. A case diagnosed during life is described where cytological and immunological studies as well as experiments with erythrophagocytosis in vitro suggest an immune reaction rather than a neoplastic histiocytic proliferation as the pathogenetic mechanism.


This paper derives a parameterization of the rate at which thermally-controlled shear margins migrate outwards based on several physical parameters that can be constrained observationally or theoretically. The model is based on a boundary-layer approximation published previously by the authors and the resulting governing equations are solved through the standard software package Elmer/Ice. The paper is well structured and clearly written.


Cutting-tool technology is an important ansurance of high efficiency cutting.This paper mainly introduces the technical characteristics of cutting tool systems,including new types of cutting-tool structure,tool material,coating technology and clamping systems.


A simple and effective electrochemical deposition method to fabricate lead oxide micro-octahedrons is reported. Unlike previous reports in which the current densities of electrochemical deposition were normally not more than 5 mA/cm2 and resulted in the deposition of lead flakes, the current densities in our process were improved to more than 15 mA/cm2 which results in the deposition of lead oxide micro-octahedrons. Our results indicated that well-shaped lead oxide micro-octahedrons could form at current densities in the range of 15–25 mA/cm2.


A simple method has been proposed here to get an enhanced and constant-value transient diffraction efficiency for a large time scale from a recorded grating in an undoped BaTiO 3 crystal. After writing a steady-state grating by two cw recording beams ( λ =514.5 nm), when the recording beams are switched off, the recorded grating as well as the diffraction efficiency decreases at a faster rate initially, and  thereafter reaches to almost a stationary level for some few seconds. The diffraction efficiency for this level is very small compared to that for a steady-state grating and it becomes smaller slowly with time. We can increase (about twice the initial stationary-level value) this small diffraction efficiency from its any initial value and have this value (increased) constantly for a large time scale by using a suitable backward-pulsed reading beam containing the same properties as the recording beams. Keywords: Photorefractive effect; Transient diffraction efficiency; Steady-state volume grating; Ferroelectric perovskite crystal. © 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i2.5593                J. Sci. Res. 3 (2), 217-224 (2011)


The modern conception of individual rights took many centuries to emerge in its current state. The Europeans trace the origin of representative traditions of democratic political system and many aspects of their culture to ancient Greek and Roman civilizations, collectively referred as the 'Western Heritage'. The idea germinated during the intellectual, cultural, and religious reform movements, and this growth took speed during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The movements of Renaissance, Reformation and Humanism played a key role in the emancipation of people. This paper recaptures the history of the origin and development of individual rights within European context.

Key words: Renaissance, Reformation, Humanism, English Bill of Rights, French Revolution, Declaration of Independence, Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen


The sexual self-concept is a major component of sexual health. The aim of this study was to investigate associations of different dimensions of the sexual self-concept with sexual activity, sexual satisfaction, and importance of sex-life of German men.

 Included were 2,349 heterosexual men from the Bavarian Men's Health-Study. Parameters of sexual life were "sexual activity within the past three months" (sexual activity), "sexual satisfaction", and "sexual importance". We assessed four dimensions of the sexual self-concept, namely "body image", "masculinity", "sexual self-esteem", and "perceived social pressure with regard to sexual performance". For each dimension, a linear regression model was performed to assess associations with sexual activity, sexual satisfaction, and sexual importance controlling for the sexual parameters with adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, anxiety and depressive symptoms.

 At the time of the survey, 18.7% of the men (mean age 50.4±0.8 years) were sexually active at least 2 times per week, 66.6% at least several times per month and 14.7% reported no sexual activity in the last 3 months. 45.9% reported being (very) satisfied with their sex-life, and 60.9% considered sexuality as (very) important. Higher sexual activity, higher satisfaction, and higher importance were associated with a more positive body image (each p<0.001), and a more positive sexual self-esteem (each p<0.001). Higher sexual activity, higher satisfaction and higher importance were associated with lower perceptions of social pressure (each p<0.01). There was no association between masculinity and sexual activity, sexual satisfaction, and sexual importance.

 Higher sexual satisfaction, higher sexual importance, and higher sexual activity were associated with dimensions of the sexual self-concept. Positive perceptions of one's sexuality are associated with a more positive sexual self-concept.

 The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.


Abstract On the basis of an analysis of the European Union's common definition of the post-9/11 terrorist threat, this article provides a critical assessment of the EU's response. The EU has arrived at a reasonably specific definition of the common threat that avoids simplistic reductions and is a response that is sufficiently multidimensional to address the different aspects – internal and external, legislative and operational, repressive and preventive – of this threat. Yet the definition is undermined by differences between national threat perceptions. The preference for instruments of cooperation and coordination rather than integration, and poor implementation are having a negative impact on the effectiveness of the common response, the legitimacy of which is also weakened by limited parliamentary and judicial control.


Myth and Measurement: The New Economics of the Minimum Wage (Princeton University Press, 1995), by David Card and Alan B. Krueger, is an extraordinarily important book. Announced to the world in stories in the New York Times, the Washington Post, and the Chronicle of Higher Education, the book provoked swift reaction. On the one hand, it was widely cited by proponents of minimum wage increases; on the other, vituperative denunciations by critics of its findings appeared in numerous editorial and op-ed articles in a wide range of publications, including the Wall Street Journal and Business Week. Why has Myth and Measurement engendered so much controversy? In part, because it deals with the minimum wage. The minimum wage was the first piece of protective labor legislation adopted at the national level, and proposals to increase the minimum wage invariably lead to heated debate between labor and business interests. When a book co-authored by the then chief economist in the Clinton Labor Department purports to show that, contrary to


The concept of using amplitude variations with offset (AVO) for the direct detection of hydrocarbons was introduced to the oil and gas industry in the early eighties. In the late eighties Rutherford and Williams proposed a model representing different classes in normally pressured gas sand formations. In this paper, a model for the AVO response for overpressured clastic formations is proposed based on the rationale that abnormally high pore fluid pressure leaves its own pronounced effects on clastic formations: such as abrupt increase in porosities, decrease in interval velocities, high fluid content, and lower bulk densities. The implication is that overpressured formations should show a different trend for AVO response compared to normally pressured formations. The AVO response in overpressured formation was modeled using both synthetic well data representing an overpressured sandstone and also typical values of seismic velocities reported from overpressured formations. The results suggest that a characteristic polarity reversal from negative to positive reflection coefficients can be observed as the offset increases.


Innovation is a key factor for economic growth and wealth accumulation and a constant preoccupation for governments around the world. This study reviews the theoretical foundations and existing evidence for using public procurement to stimulate innovation. The focus is on procurement programs at subnational level, since in Canada almost ninety per cent of procurement is undertaken by subnational governments. I review current public procurement programs in OECD countries and Canada to develop a set of recommendations for increasing the use of public procurement programs to stimulate innovation, particularly in the education sector.


The aim of my work is to present the subject of financial situation in the chosen village according to the financial statement. In my work, I deal with the financial situation of Babindol village on the basis of balance sheet and financial ratio. In the work, I offer some ideas and recommendation for the concrete usage in the practice. The literature from different authors and financial statement of Babindol village were used in my bachelor work.


Virtual reality systems often make use of spatially tracked handheld props in the form of controllers or specialized objects to add realism and interaction. Tracking these objects today relies on the use of expensive, bulky, and power-consuming trackers that must be attached to an object. We propose a passive tracking technique that works with existing low-cost, off-the-shelf optical tracking components and is capable of turning any object into a tracked virtual reality prop. Our method utilizes paper-thin retro-reflective markers that can be placed in any free-form on everyday objects. The proof-of-concept prototype acts as a simple add-on for an existing tracking system and requires only a minimal amount of compute overhead. We demonstrate that our method allows bringing physical real-world objects to virtual worlds with ease, and provides an object identification technique using patterned retro-reflective markers.


Based on a comprehensive insight of the nature of family enterprises,the paper analyses the status quo, advantages and disadvantages,and the ownership of China's private family enterprises.


The Mexican economy is characterized by unequal growth and development among regions and productive sectors; it is recognized that financing and productivity can accelerate the development process and breach the economic gap among regions. The principal objectives of the present study were: a) to analyze the distribution of rural credit among the states of the Mexican republic; b) to determine the existence of regional convergence processes in financial penetration and agricultural productivity. With official data, it is shown that the distribution of rural credit among the states of the country is asymmetrical, and that there is growth in variance of rural financial penetration and mean productivity of labor, which is indicative of the absence of sigma type convergence. With the beta type convergence equations, it is shown that in the variables productivity and financial penetration, there is evidence of a slow process of regional convergence, given that the convergence rate of each variable is 2.6 and 6.3 per cent annually.


Objective:To study integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment of gastroparesis of non gastric abdominal postsurgical.Methods:Chose 20 gastroparesis cases of non gastric abdominal postsurgical,on the basis of routine treatment of Western medicine,injected traditional Chinese medicine Heweiliqi decoction,about 30 ml,3 times a day into the nasal enteral nutrition tube or gastrostomy tube.Results:20 patients were cured,treatment time was 7-25 d,the average 14.3 d,after treatment the normal gastric electric rhythm was significantly higher than before treatment(P0.01),1-2 years follow-up in 18 patients,all normal diet,symptoms without recurrence.Conclusion:Gastroparesis of non gastric abdominal postoperative should be treated with integrated Chinese and Western medicine,and pay attention to the role of psychotherapy.


Research was undertaken into the organic semiconductors tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq 3 ) as well as bis(8-hydroxyquinoline)zinc (Znq 2 ) to the effect of improving achievable morphological control using an inexpensive evaporation-based solution synthesis method. By varying experimental parameters such as ambient temperature, vapour pressure, choice of anti-solvent used and exposure time, growth and nucleation were optimized so as to produce organic single crystals. Two methods were discovered to grow arrays of vertically-aligned Alq 3 nano/micro rods out of a thin film of Alq 3 . Afterward, dielectrophoresis (DEP) was studied as a means to align linear nanostructures onto testing pads for characterization. To that effect, a DEP alignment platform containing seventy-four testing devices was designed and then constructed using microfabrication techniques such as electron beam evaporation and photolithography. Alignment of individual nanowires have been successful, and electrical measurements have been performed on p-type copper oxide yielding a hole mobility of 25.5 cm 2 /Vs.


Objective: Once benign prostatic obstruction (BPO) is diagnosed, the urologist is confronted with an array of therapeutic modalities, from which he has to choose. The decision can be based on the patient's desire, deobstructing efficacy, durability, cost and on the physician's experience as well as availability of modalities. Methods: A therapeutic spectrum is constructed for individualization of therapeutic options in evaluation of the relevant factors based on the published studies. Results: In treating BPO the surgical treatment (TURP, TUIP) is still the most reliable in experienced hands, and its cost-efficacy has to be weighed against durability. If LUTS without intravesical obstruction dominates, α-blocker or finasteride (prostates >40 g) are useful and more efficient than watchful waiting when symptom relief and uroflow improvement are outcome parameters. Interventional treatment modalities remain a moving target, since even high-energy TUMT does not overcome obstruction. Ablation techniques (Holmium laser, TEVAP) have not been used with regard to durability. Conclusion: Picking an inappropriate modality or selecting the wrong patient may lead to a cascade of therapies. One can obtain a change in paradigms to measure the outcome putting emphasis on cost, need to retreat and, last but not least, quality of life.


Statement of the problem. The paper deals with extreme situations, border situations, situations on the verge of human capabilities or even beyond them, presented in Notes of the Blockade Man by L.Y. Ginzburg. The purpose of the article is to describe ways of expressing methods of control, selfcontrol, maintenance of ritual and culturally normalized forms of behavior in the text of notes about the siege of Leningrad. Materials and Methods. The work continues the study started by A.V. Mikhaylov and T. V. Mikhaylova on the material of Notes by L.Ya. Ginzburg. The author grounds her research on the works of V.V. Kolesov about the theory and history of concepts in the Russian language. Works on the involvementby I.E. Kim, S.V. Uskova come into contact with the problems raised by the current research, as well as the works by R.O. Jacobson on the relations of the automatic, conscious and unconscious elements in a language, T.I. Steksova on semantics and categorization of involuntary realization, T.V. Bulygina and A.D. Shmelev on means of conceptualization of the world. The psycholinguistic experiments byA.V. Vdovichenko are also of interest. Results. The siege of Leningrad is described as a border situation in which the blockade manmaintained control and ritualism in his behavior and speech. Conclusions. The study of human states, presented in the Notes by L. Ya. Ginzburg and similar texts, in the aspect of studying the role of ritualization of behavior, in relation to the explication in the text of the degree of reflexivity and controllability of actions, allows us to determine the possibility of correlation of elements of the system "human behavior – the text describing human behavior".


The theoretical asymptotic bounds provided for many Monte Carlo methods cannot be calculated using known quantities during search. Often search results provide no principled measure of con-fidence and may be sub-optimal due to premature termination. In this work, we prove two sets of bounds on the error rate of Monte Carlo search over non-stationary bandits and Markov decision processes. The presented bounds hold for general Monte Carlo solvers meeting mild convergence conditions. These bounds can be directly computed at the conclusion of the search and do not require knowledge of the true action-value, allowing them to be used as search stopping criteria. We also provide a simple sub-optimality probability estimation method based on the presented bounds. We empirically test the tightness of the bounds and accuracy of the estimator through experiments on a multi-armed bandit and a discrete Markov decision process.


Fusing acoustic and visual data has the potential to significantly improve target tracking performance by exploiting the complementary and redundant information. However, it is not clear how to efficiently fuse these two modalities and how to reduce the high energy consumption of video sensors to improve network lifespan. High energy requirement of video sensors is mainly due to the high sample acquisition cost and high computational complexity of target detection algorithms. We address the computation energy by performing target detection in a region-ofinterest and studying target detection algorithms' computational complexity and data fusion architecture. Some strategies are proposed to help video sensors in performing target detection and reducing the power consumption by incorporating the acoustic detection result. We study two widely used target detection algorithms, background subtraction and snake, for their use in joint acoustic-video tracking, and analyze their computational complexities and memory requirements. We hope that the analysis can effectively guide the designer to select the most suitable algorithm and architecture for a given scenario or application.


Hypothesis / aims of study Anti-cholinergic drug therapy for overactive bladder (OAB) is associated with improvemenrs in symptoms and quality of life, but the shortand long-term adherence and persistence is suboptimal [1]. A study of US Medicaid patients found that only 32-44% of those prescribed OAB medications (anti-cholinergic) continued treatment beyond 30 days, eventually declining to a 5-9 % persistence rate at 1 years [2]. Mirabegron (MI) is the first β3-adrenoceptor agonist to enter clinical practice, and has been approved for the treatment of symptoms of OAB in countries including Japan, the USA, Europe, Canada, and Australia. Recent study proved that combination therapy with MI and an antimuscarinic agent such as solifenacin may provide an attractive therapeutic option to maximize efficacy and minimize the burden of adverse event (AE)s[3]. In Japan, MI has been launched on September 2011, hence, we have more than 3 years' experience of prescription. The aims of this study were to analyse the adherence rate of MI in Japanese patients with OAB, to compare the persistence rate between male and female, and to compare single and combined pharmacotherapies.


This paper introduces the conception of Electronic Commerce ,the hiddentrouble of safety in Electronic activifies and the Technical merhods on solving these unsafe elements.And the paper also puts emphasis on setting up a safe technical system of Electronic to guarantee its healthful development.


The nanocrystalline diamond films were prepared by DC hot-cathode PCVD (plasma chemical vapour deposition) process where the nitrogen was added in CH4-H2 gas to form a mixed atmosphere to change the energy distribution of plasma, thus improving the proportion of secondary nucleation for preparing nanocrystalline diamond films. The effect of the nitrogen concentration in CH4-H2 gas on the film growth was investigated under different pressure/temperature during plasma discharge. SEM, Raman spectroscopy and XRD were used to characterize the samples, and the results showed that the grain size of diamond films is smaller than 100nm if prepared by DC hot-cathode PCVD process in CH4:N2:H2 atmosphere under the pressure 6×10^3Pa at 850℃ with the N2 flowrate less than 50% of total gas flowrate. It was observed by Raman spectroscopy that the characteristic absorption peak around 1332cm^(-1) is spreading with high intensity, and the intensity of XRD peak is high as well. All of these revealed that the PCVD process proposed is available to diamond nanofilms.


Despite having been formulated in the most complete way almost two centuries ago, the Hegelian theory of punishment remains convincing because it understands justice in terms of recognition and not in a vengeful or corrective key. The problem we are facing can be summarized in the phrase "justification of the punishment". The most radically new thing in Hegel's philosophy is that the penalty, as shown in paragraph 100 of the Elements of Philosophy of Right, is considered as "a right" of the offender. Thus, the penalty imposed on the person who decides to commit a crime would not turn out to be anything more than an acknowledgment of his rationality. This is so since, in the eyes of Hegel, if he were not a rational being, it would be incoherent to punish him. We then find a direct relationship between punishment and a certain conception of rationality that, as known, for Hegel is related to freedom and its development in history. This conception has its difficulties, to which we will try to approach: how can something be simultaneously a right and a punishment for the same person? In the first part of this article we will draw Hegel's theory of punishment as one that must neither reform the individual nor avenge damage. This allows us to think of justice in terms that leave both revenge and correction behind. A reading of Hegel would lead us today to adopt a perspective of a great moral commitment, which does not pathologize the criminal just because he is a criminal, and which, at the same time, does not eternally criminalize the guilty. We are inserted in a complex framework of social relationships where it is impossible not to act badly in the eyes of someone. This does not mean that we should remain in inaction, because, what use would autonomy be to think morally, if we do not have it to act according to it? Legislation and morality cannot be fully understood if we do without one of the two terms. For this reason, the second part of the work will try to analyze this problem in an ethical key, underlining Hegel's criticism of Kantian formalism and the beautiful soul.


The increasing penetration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) is changing grid dynamics and challenging grid planning, operation, and protection. Particularly, the increasing integration of IBRs may drive the power grid towards weak grid conditions, where potential dynamic stability issues may become significant. Recently, it was reported that the unintended loss of solar generation occurred in Southern California over a large geographic area. One of the major reasons for this generation loss is the tripping of solar generators due to the overvoltage in a less than one cycle time frame (i.e., sub-cycle overvoltage) experienced by solar photovoltaic (PV) inverters, especially when solar PV inverters enter the momentary cessation operation mode in response to abnormal grid disturbances. In this paper, the impact of grid strength on sub-cycle dynamics resulting from momentary cessation is investigated in a power system with distributed solar PV integration. In this investigation, distributed solar PVs are modeled with detailed grid-following inverter models considering inverter switching dynamics and momentary cessation function. It is found that undesired sub-cycle overvoltage has a positive relation to grid strength at points of integration (POIs) of solar PVs. At the weak POIs, server sub-cycle overvoltage occurs not only when momentary cessation starts to cease energy injection but also when momentary cessation restarts to inject energy into the system during the restoration process. Furhtermore, the interaction between solar PVs making POIs weak exacerbates the severity of the sub-cycle overvoltage at the POIs. Thus, in the power system with high penetration of solar PVs, it is important to improve grid strength in power system planning and quickly recover grid strength in power system operation following disturbances.


The repair of capillary membrane dialyzers that are found to be leaking during production has always been part of standard operating procedure in the manufacturing of these devices. It was introduced more than 30 years ago and involves a technique known as "the reverse air pressure test." Essentially, after the capillary bundle is housed and potted, the dialyzer can be pressure tested for capillary leaks in one of several ways, including a simple measurement of the rate of pressure drop after inflation of the blood compartment. Whichever method is used, a percentage of dialyzers will fail the pressure test and are then either scrapped or repaired. The repair of a leaking capillary dialyzer requires identification and sealing of the leaking fibers. One way of achieving this is by filling the blood compartment with a liquid and then applying air pressure to the dialysate compartment with one port closed. The leaking fiber is identified at both ends by the emergence of air bubbles from its lumen. This fiber can then be marked at both its ends; hence the descriptive name "the reverse air pressure test." Once the leaking fiber has been identified, it can be sealed with the potting material used for routine potting of the bundle. This manual technique requires a skilled person who is able to seal an individual fiber at both its ends by introducing the sealing material into the lumen of the fiber with a fine glass needle. However, if several fibers adjacent to the marked one are also accidentally sealed, nothing in the standard operating procedure requires the dialyzer to be scrapped; the resultant loss of surface area in a capillary dialyzer with more than 10,000 fibers would be undetectable (Figure 1). The frequency with which accidental sealing of intact fibers adjacent to the leaking fiber occurs as a result of the potting sealant spilling out of the lumen of the leaking fiber is presumably a function of manual operator skill and experience. As no bubble will emerge from the open end of the lumen of the intact fiber when the dialyzer is inverted and pressure reapplied to the dialysate compartment, the possibility of having intact fibers sealed only at one end is very high. In addition, there is no way that these partially sealed fibers can be identified with certainty. Thus, whereas it is possible to seal the individual leaking fiber and control it with a repeat standard pressure test, as long as no quality assurance tests exist for detecting partially sealed intact fibers, the scene is set for the disaster which befell the Baxter Company in September 2000, when to increase productivity and reduce the 10% to 20% dialyzer scrap rate, the company decided to introduce a dialyzer repair program into its manufacturing process for the Althane cellulose diacetate capillary dialyzer at its recently acquired plant in Ronneby, Sweden.1 To perform the "reverse air pressure test" with cellulose diacetate, it is necessary to use a hydrophobic fluid, as the pores of the partially hydrophobic cellulose acetate membrane are prevented from collapsing during the sterilization process by glycerol, which would dissolve in a hydrophilic liquid with resultant collapse of the pores. The state of the art hydrophobic liquid was a fluorocarbon manufactured by 3 M and known as PF5070. Previously, Freon had been used, but its use had been discontinued for ecologic reasons as its vapor was contaminating the environment. PF5070 was an apparently nontoxic fluid, which had no adverse effects on cells and was considered to be completely safe from a biocompatible viewpoint, although the 3 M data sheet states that it is "for industrial use only, not intended for use as a medical device."2 Nevertheless, Gambro AB had been using it for years, presumably to "repair dialyzers", and no untoward reactions had been reported.3 The possibility that this claim is overoptimistic will be discussed later. The use of PF5070 to aid in the repair of the Althane Dialyzer has resulted in more than 50 known deaths of patients on dialysis from many countries, including Spain, Croatia, the United States, Taiwan, and Columbia; it has also attracted two invited editorials in leading journals.4,5 Both editorials are remarkable for what they do not state and also for their attempts to share the responsibility for this epidemic between the manufacturer and the end user. A more informed explanation of the mechanisms involved in this tragedy would demonstrate that the end user, a dialysis nurse, technician, or doctor, could not in any way be held responsible, even if inadequate air rinsing was the cause, as a standard low pressure saline rinse would not remove hydrophobic PF5070 residues. Furthermore, the possibility that there were many patients exposed to the estimated 30,000 "repaired" Althane Dialyzers and 150,000 "repaired" Gambro Dialyzers (based upon the Gambro statement that PF5070 was used in only 0.3% of its dialyzer production over 5 years2) that did not die directly from exposure to PF5070, but may have sustained gas emboli in the cerebral or coronary arteries with consequent infarction of the affected cerebral or myocardial tissue, must be considered. The causes of death were finally established after autopsies of Croatian patients showed massive gas formations in the right side of their hearts and pulmonary-alveolar capillary beds.6 The discovery of residual perfluorocarbon (PF5070-perfluoroheptane C7F16) in certain lots of the Althane dialyzer indicated that this volatile hydrophobic fluid was responsible for the gas formation. The underlying hypothesis explaining these findings requires first that PF5070 is insoluble in plasma water and, hence, fails to traverse the pulmonary alveolar capillary membrane (according to the data sheet of the manufacturer, PF5070 is completely insoluble in water2). Thus PF5070, once it has entered the circulation, cannot equilibrate across the pulmonary alveolar capillary membrane, and, in consequence, the vapor pressure of PF5070 contributes to the total vapor pressure in the pulmonary capillary blood, but does not make a similar contribution to the vapor pressure in the alveolar air. Second, the vapor pressure of the PF5070 must exceed a limit of approximately 55 mm Hg at body temperature to produce fatal gas embolization.7 The vapor pressure of PF5070 at 20°C is ca. 79 mm Hg;2 at body temperature, the vapor pressure of PF5070 is even higher. Consequently, the total gas ASAIO Journal 2002


This paper shows that there are significant prospects of rise in intra-regional trade among the four Eastern South Asian countries. The partial equilibrium modelling exercise helps identify the products with high export potentiality. Simulation exercise based on a global general equilibrium model suggests that though there are prospects of welfare gains for India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka, there are risks of welfare loss for Bangladesh and other LDCs in South Asia out of FTA in goods under the SAFTA agreement because of the fact that the trade diversion effects could be larger than trade creation effects for these countries. However, such welfare loss could be well compensated by the rise in welfare due to improvement in trade facilitation among the South Asian countries. It also appears that the gains from trade facilitation are much bigger than the gains from trade liberalisation. Interactions with the stakeholders in Bangladesh helped identify a number of factors which are constraining trade in Eastern South Asia sub-region. These include inadequate facilities at the land and sea ports, weak physical infrastructure, inefficient bureaucracy, corruption and several forms of NTBs. Removal of such trade barriers though improvement in trade facilitation measures will generate significant rise in trade among these countries.


Books reviewed: Does Education Matter? By A. Wolf. Pp. 332. London: Penguin. 2002. £10.99 (pbk). ISBN 0-14-028660-8 (pbk). A Contested Landscape: International Perspectives on Diversity in Mass Higher Education. Edited by Jim Gallacher and Michael Osborne. Pp. 224. Leicester: NIACE. 2005. £18.95 (pbk). ISBN 1 86201 233 4 (pbk). A History of Education for Citizenship. By Derek Heater. Pp. 255. London: RoutledgeFalmer. 2004. £80 (hbk). ISBN 0-415-30477-6 (hbk). A Passion for Teaching. By Christopher Day. Pp. 204. London: RoutledgeFalmer. 2004. £22.99 (pbk). ISBN 0 415 25179 6 (hbk), 0 415 25180 X (pbk). Consulting Pupils: What's in it for Schools? By Julia Flutter and Joan Rudduck. Pp. 162. London: RoutledgeFalmer. 2004. £15.99 (pbk). ISBN 0415263050 (pbk). Birth to Three Matters: Supporting the Framework of Effective Practice. Edited by Lesley Abbott and Ann Langston. Pp. 178. Maidenhead: Open University Press. 2005. £55 (hbk), £16.99 (pbk). ISBN 0335 21541 6 (hbk) 0 335 21540 8 (pbk). Leading the Curriculum in the Primary School. By N. Burton and M. Brundrett. Pp. 216. London: Paul Chapman Publishing. 2005. £60.00 (hbk), £19.99 (pbk). ISBN 1-4129-0252-5 (hbk), 1-4129-0253-3 (pbk). Developing Leadership, Creating the Schools of Tomorrow. Edited by Martin J. Coles and Geoff Southworth. Pp 173. Maidenhead: Open University Press. 2005. £60.00 (hbk), £19.99 (pbk). ISBN 0335215432 (hbk), 0335215424 (pbk). Assessment and Learning. Edited by John Gardner. Pp. 230. London: Sage Publications. 2006. £60.00 (hbk), £19.99 (pbk). ISBN 1-4129-1050-1(hbk), 1-4129-1051-X (pbk). Understanding Early Childhood: Issues and Controversies. By Helen Penn. Pp. 198. Maidenhead: Open University Press. 2005. £55.00 (hbk), £18.99 (pbk). ISBN 0-335-21135-6 (hbk), 0-335-21134-8 (pbk). Documentary Research in Education, History and the Social Sciences. By Gary McCulloch. Pp. 148. London: RoutledgeFalmer. £22.99 (pbk). ISBN 0415272874 (pbk).


In this study concentrated on the development of GPC by using industrial waste products such as fly ash, alccofine (1203) and GGBS. GPC is an advanced eco-friendly concrete manufactured by activating source minerals rich in alumina and silica by alkaline liquids to form aluminosilicates based on inorganic polymers. Where cement was complete replaced with mix proportion of 50% fly ash, 25% alccofine (1203) and 25% GGBS for different molarities (8M, 10M and 12M) of alkaline activators which is solving the problem of unsustainable usage of limestone and pollutant related to the manufacturing process of cement. The present paper reports the cube compressive strength, cylindrical split tensile strength and flexural strength of GPC and which is compared with M25 grade of control specimens. It was observed that the strength of GPC is increased than normal concrete as molarities increases of 8 M, 10M and 12M. The paper explains about the effectiveness of fly ash, alccofine (1203) and GGBS materials.


In modern data-driven analysis it becomes quite typical to process not only the datasets you own, but to collaborate with other organizations to receive data and analysis results from them as well. It is performed to achieve much more accurate analysis results, make better predictions, and be able to provide better decision-support mechanisms. However, to analyze data in a cross-organizational environment is not the same as to analyze your own data: there are many limitations and conditions from the collaborators to allow access to their data and/or analysis models. This paper presents a methodology called CO-ARCH dealing with the process of choosing the suitable data-driven architectures for collaboration on data analysis between different organizations having their own conditions and limitations.


Montrul's study is an important contribution to a recently emerged research approach to the study of bilingualism and languages in contact, characterized by its sound theoretical basis and its reliance on data from different – and traditionally non-integrated – domains of language development: bilingual first language acquisition (Müller and Hulk, 2001; Paradis and Navarro, 2003; Serratrice, 2004; Serratrice, Sorace and Paoli, in press), adult second language acquisition (Filiaci, 2003; Sorace, 2003), and native language attrition (Gurel, 2002; Tsimpli, Sorace, Heycock and Filiaci, in press). The generalization that is emerging from this approach is that interfaces between syntax and other cognitive systems (i.e. discourse pragmatics, lexical-semantics) exhibit more developmental instability than narrow syntax. For L1 attrition, which is the specific focus of the paper, this means that aspects of grammar at the syntax–discourse interface are more vulnerable to attrition than purely syntactic aspects. The identification of restrictions on the domain of occurrence of attrition is consistent with much previous descriptive research on this topic (e.g. Seliger and Vago, 1991). More recently, the same conclusion has been reached by a study on individual language attrition by Tsimpli et al. (in press), who investigated knowledge of the referential pronominal system in Greek and Italian in very advanced speakers of English. In this paper, Montrul tests the generalization on second-generation speakers of Spanish – or "heritage speakers" – a bilingual group that presents different characteristics from the adult L2 speakers investigated in Tsimpli et al.'s study. In addition to referential subjects, she also focuses on a different interface area of grammar – direct objects – that had not been investigated before. In these respects, Montrul's study is a welcome development. In other respects, however, the data are less than convincing and do not allow a straightforward interpretation. My commentary focuses on three fundamental questions raised not only by this study, but also by this type of research in general. The main focus will be the expression of referential subjects since this aspect of grammar has been investigated in other studies and therefore offers the possibility of direct comparison among results.


Sun, 16 Dec 2018 00:26:00 GMT elegant scipy the art of pdf Elegant SciPy: The Art of Scientific Python 1st Edition Pdf Download For Free Book By Juan Nunez-Iglesias, Stéfan van der Walt, Harriet Dashnow Elegant SciPy: The ... Mon, 22 Oct 2018 23:57:00 GMT Elegant SciPy: The Art of Scientific Python Free Pdf ... Download Elegant SciPy : The Art of Scientific Python (PDF) or any other file from Books category. HTTP download also available at fast speeds. Sun, 16 Dec 2018 07:36:00 GMT Download Elegant SciPy : The Art of Scientific Python (PDF ... 1st Edition of Elegant SciPy (O'Reilly Publishers) elegant-scipy/elegant-scipy Sun, 10 Jul 2016 23:58:00 GMT GitHub elegant-scipy/elegant-scipy: 1st Edition of ... Welcome to Scientific Python and its community. If youâ€TMre a scientist who programs with Python, this practical guide not only teaches you the fundamental parts of ... Thu, 13 Dec 2018 04:26:00 GMT Elegant SciPy: The Art of Scientific Python 1st Edition ... Elegant SciPy The Art of Scientific Python. ... Youâ€TMll learn how to write elegant code thatâ€TMs clear, concise, and efficient at executing the task at hand. Sat, 15 Dec 2018 17:09:00 GMT Elegant SciPy O'Reilly Media Elegant SciPy: The Art of Scientific Python by Juan Nunez-Iglesias. Read online, or download in DRM-free PDF or DRM-free EPUB format Thu, 13 Dec 2018 17:12:00 GMT Elegant SciPy by Juan Nunez-Iglesias (ebook) ebooks.com Home; Elegant SciPy The Art of Scientific Python (EBook, PDF) Elegant SciPy The Art of Scientific Python (EBook, PDF) Sun, 25 Nov 2018 20:54:00 GMT Elegant SciPy The Art of Scientific Python (EBook, PDF ... Reviews Author: Juan Nunez-Iglesias, Stéfan van der Walt, Harriet Dashnow Pub Date: 2017 ISBN: 978-1491922873 Pages: 268 Language: English Format: PDF/EPUB/AZW3 Size ... Wed, 19 Dec 2018 03:57:00 GMT Elegant SciPy: The Art of Scientific Python – ScanLibs Elegant SciPy: The Art of Scientific Python by Juan Nunez-Iglesias, Stéfan van der Walt, Harriet Dashnow English | 2017 | ISBN: 1491922873 | 268 Pages | True PDF ... Mon, 10 Dec 2018 06:45:00 GMT Elegant SciPy: The Art of Scientific Python – CoderProg elegant scipy the art of scientific python Sat, 15 Dec 2018 21:27:00 GMT elegant scipy the art of pdf Data structures. The basic data structure used by Tue, 04 Dec 2018 05:12:00 GMT Elegant Scipy The Art Of Scientific Python b-designed.org Welcome to Scientific Python and its community! With this practical book, youâ€TMll learn the fundamental parts of SciPy and related libraries, and get a taste of ... Sat, 24 Nov 2018 17:13:00 GMT Elegant Scipy: The Art of Scientific Python [Early Release ... Elegant Scipy The Art Of Scientific Python.pdf #nerd (618 reads) The Good Soldier (311 reads) Unbranded: Four Men And Sixteen Mustangs, Three Thousand... Tue, 27 Nov 2018 20:58:00 GMT Elegant Scipy The Art Of Scientific Python PDF Read Elegant SciPy The Art of Scientific Python PDF book e36bc8a4 http://daily.pdfbooksread.sp ace/?book=1491922877 Fri, 07 Dec 2018 14:41:00 GMT Read Elegant SciPy The Art of Scientific Python PDF book ... Access Google Sites with a free Google account (for personal use) or G Suite account (for business use). Fri, 16 Nov 2018 13:19:00 GMT Google Sites: Sign-in Title *+CaiP= Download 'Elegant SciPy; The Art of Scientific Python' Pdf Downloaded Books Created Date: 10/4/2017 11:15:00 AM Wed, 19 Dec 2018 14:13:00 GMT *+CaiP= Download 'Elegant SciPy; The Art of Scientific ... Please go to official sources for the Elegant SciPy book. Official site, content continuously updated: http://elegant-scipy.org Thu, 22 Nov 2018 21:04:00 GMT Please go to official sources for the Elegant SciPy book. elegant scipy the art of scientific python


Optical fibers can be used as promising sensors in smart structures due to their novel characteristics. This paper presents a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technique in order to improve the application capacity of single reflective grating based fiber optic sensors to monitor large industrial structures at multiple points. The models are appropriate for the general extrinsic fiber optic sensors such as the grating panel-based fiber optic sensor. The manufactured WDM fiber optic sensor system was examined in order to demonstrate the feasibility for two parameter detections at two points using mirror mounted grating based fiber optic sensor.


In this paper,the oscillation for a class of nonlinear neutral partial differential equation systems is studied with high order Laplace operator and continuous distribution delay,The oscillatory problem of solution to the systems of nonlinear neutral partial differential equntions is reduced to the problem to which the neutral differential inequality has not eventual positive solution by using the Green's formula and boundary value condition,and thereby some sufficient conditions are obtained for oscillation of all solutions to such systems under the given boundary condition via the definition of eventually positin solution and the method of differential inequalities.


Most markets are partitioned into segments that can be quite different from one another. In other words most markets consist of structures that make up a mosaic which add up to one rather than being a unified entity that acts as one. Market microstructure -- the study of these market substructures and their effects on market outcomes -- is applied to the taxicab market in New York City. Using a richly detailed database on taxi cab rides, origins, destinations and time-of-day patterns are presented and assessed and then categorized in terms of the market microstructures they constitute. The implications of these microstuctures for policy in New York City and beyond are then discussed.


A self-consistent-field method for calculation of the electronic structure of localized defects in semiconductors is described. The method is based on Green's-function theory and follows the original idea of Koster and Slater and its developments by Callaway and coworkers. The Wannier functions of the original formulations are, however, replaced by a more flexible set of linear combination of atomic orbitals. This choice and an accurate evaluation of the perfect-crystal Green's function bring this method to the level of sophistication, accuracy, and rigor characteristic of state-of-the-art band-structure and surface calculations. The efficiency of the method stems largely from the fact that it exploits both the translational symmetry of the host crystal and the short range of the defect potential. Thus, all bulk properties (e.g., band gaps, bandwidths, etc.) are built in from the start via a band-structure calculation and are preserved. One then focuses on the changes produced by the defect potential, so that the interpretation of the results is straightforward and unambiguous. In this paper, we report an application of this method to an isolated vacancy in Si assuming no lattice relaxation. The unrelaxed vacancy introduces a bound state of ${T}_{2}$ symmetry at 0.7 eV above the valence-band edge and a number of resonances and antiresonances within the valence bands. A detailed analysis of these states in terms of their origin, orbital content, and of state and charge densities is presented. We find that, while many of these states are individually quite extended, they combine destructively to produce a very localized net change in the charge density. We also find that the resulting localized potential can be well approximated by a negative of an atomic silicon potential extracted from a self-consistent bulk calculation. Finally, we compare the relative merits of the three increasingly more sophisticated, but also more costly, approaches to the defect problem, namely, (1) tight-binding, (2) non-self-consistent, and (3) self-consistent calculations.


Variable Message Signs(VMS)provides drivers with real-time guidance information for better route choice.There are various factors which can determine drivers'behaviors,including driver's personal attribute,road property and VMS's attribute,etc.This paper,based on the data obtained by the revealed preference survey approach,explored the effect of traffic guidance information on driver's behaviors.The statistical analysis shows that VMS has a distinct effect on driver's behaviors.In driver's personal attribute,driving age and familiarity of the road serve as the major factor.In road property,the driver is most sensitive to congestion.In VMS's attribute,senior drivers prefer real-time information while junior drivers prefer to adopt the driving suggestion.


This study examines the role of specialist auditors in enhancing the quality of financial statements by taking into account industry complexity. The test of hypotheses are conducted in two steps. The first step is to provide evidence that earnings quality, measured by earnings persistent, of firms operating in the complex and non-complex industry are different. The second step is to compare the absolute abnormal accruals of companies engaged in the complex industry with those from non-complex industry audited by non-specialist and specialists auditors. Results show: 1) earnings persistence of firms in complex industries are lower than those in non-complex industries. 2) absolute abnormal accruals of firms operating in complex industries are higher than those in non-complex industries regardless industry specialization. Overall, the results suggest that auditor industry expertise does not play a significant role in improving the quality of audited earnings in complex business environment.


The purpose of this study is to explore the educational needs of learning supporting program on the students` perception of current competencies and important competencies. The data was collected by using the online type (e-mail survey) and the offline type (printed survey) with survey instrument developed by researcher. Survey instrument was composed of 3 categories and 10 competencies. Collected data was analyzed using the SPSS 21.0 for Windows statistical package. And 159 cases were analyzed finally. The paired t-test was conducted to analyze the difference between importance-performance of students' competencies. The educational needs of learning supporting program were calculated by using the Borich's formula. The findings were as follows: The first, 3 categories and 10 competencies were significant difference exists statistically. The second, The high ranks of the educational needs of learning supporting program were 'Major field knowledge', followed by 'Creativity', 'Problem solving ability', 'Global capability', 'Technology capability' in sequence. The results of this study reflected the authentic needs of students will be used a basic data to establish the curriculum for learning supporting program.


The present paper holds that Zhao Yiheng's monograph on narrative theory When a Speaker is Talked about has quite a few flaws, contradiction and ambiguity and advances ideas for discussion about main aspects.


1 Base flow is a part of flow that comes from aquifer. This section of flow is important in water resource management and hydrologic researches for e.g. in precipitation-runoff modeling and water quality evaluation. Also base flow is used calibration and validation of these models. By dividing base flow on total flow, the Base Flow Index (BFI) is derived, that shows the amount of ground water portion in total flow. The aim of this research was to choos the best method of hydrograph separation and estimating base flow. 21 years daily recharge data of Tamar station in upstream of Bustan dam in Gorganrood river catchment was separated by Local minimum, fixed interval, Sliding interval and Recursive Digital Filter (RDF) or BFLOW algorithm by filter coefficients same as 0.9, 0.925, 0.95, 0.975, 0.99. Results were compared with recession curve by MAE, RMSE and Nash & Sutcliffe coefficient (E). This comparison showed that RDF by filter coefficient of 0.9 was the most suitable method for hydrograph separation in this region and 89% of total flow was base flow.


Both English handkerchief and Chinese shoupa are of linguistic value and cultural significance.Based on ontology and etymology,the paper reviews lexical motivation and evolution of handkerchief,and outlines the cultural phenomena of shoupa.Epistemologically,the author interprets such functions of handkerchief as health,environment protection,decoration,emotional transmission,and dialogue to reveal life wisdom,moral rational,civilization heritage,emotional sustenance,and cultural conventions.


The authors discuss the selection of contrast media for radiographic examination of patients with suspected esophageal disruptions, and offer their recommendations.


The recent outbreak of the respiratory ailment COVID-19 caused by novel corona virus SARS- Cov2 is a severe and urgent global concern. In the absence of vaccine, and also treatment of COVID- 19 WHO (World Health Organization) had informed that Social distancing is the only way to avoid this pandemic and also made clear that Prevention is better than Cure. The main containment strategy is to reduce the contagion by the isolation of affected individuals. Earlier stage this pandemic was declared as a sort of Pneumonia where an individual gets affected by cold, fever and headache. Later, some new symptoms are seen in affected people like sore throat, breathing problems, and sometimes constipation. To make rapid decisions on treatment, and isolation needs, it would be useful to determine which symptoms presented by suspected infection cases are the best predictors of a positive diagnosis. This can be done by analyzing patient's symptoms and its outcome. Here, we developed a model that employed supervised machine learning algorithms to identify the certain features predicting COVID-19 disease diagnosis with high accuracy. Features examined includes details of the concerned individual, e.g., age, gender, observation of fever, breathing difficulty, and clinical details such as the severity of cough and incidence of lung infection and congestion. We had implemented some Machine Learning techniques with algorithms and found out the highest accuracy more than (50 %) of individual patient for all age groups. The following data is collected from COVID-19 positive patients, online survey and social survey done at testing centres. After that we had applied various methods as Data Preprocessing, Model Validation and Statistical analysis, etc. The probability and accuracy of a patient is shown in using various methods of Machine learning algorithm for a better understanding.


The purpose of this paper is to describe two cases of a hitherto unknown syndrome superficially resembling myotonia. Detailed studies have helped to separate this syndrome of continuous musclefibre activity from a group of 100 myotonic subjects, and it will be referred to in this paper as the 'syndrome of continuous muscle-fibre activity'. This descriptive label has been chosen, though the more imaginative may favour 'armadillo disease', a name by which these cases are likened to the slow moving, armour-plated quadruped.


Disparate educational outcomes persist for culturally and linguistically diverse learners despite numerous efforts to encourage pre-service and in-service teachers to adopt culturally relevant education. The operationalization of culturally relevant education, however, remains relatively unexplored as an explanation for teacher resistance. Culturally Responsive Teaching (CRT) and Culturally Relevant Pedagogy (CRP) are among the most empirically and practically warranted educational approaches to serve diverse learners. We posit that combining CRT and CRP to create an inclusive hybrid conceptual framework creates a stronger empirical case for utilizing culturally relevant educational practices. The proposed framework would offer new possibilities for increased quantitative research, which remains underutilized to examine culturally relevant education. Despite their uniqueness, CRT and CRP are often applied interchangeably in the literature. Therefore, we argue that a logical step forward would be establishing an approach whereby CRT and CRP are operationalized as instructional approaches and learning outcomes, respectively. We proffer culturally informed education as a conceptual framework that places CRT and CRP in tandem. To this end, we first examine notable challenges to the current implementation of CRT and CRP by examining the literature on teacher resistance to culturally relevant education using the Diffusion of Innovation (DOI) theory. Then we present a merger between CRT and CRP as a new conceptual framework that supports a shared understanding through operationalization.


This study developed an extension of the Hollander and Sethuraman (1978) statistic (B2 ) for testing discordance among intra-block rankings of K elements for multiple groups (J ≥ 2) of raters. B2 was demonstrated to be equivalent to the Pillai-Bartlett trace (V) from a multivariate profile analysis performed on the ranks such that B2 = V (N - 1) Results confirmed the utility of B2 as an omnibus test of interaction (i.e., discordance) among intra-block ranks and demonstrated that it was more powerful than the multivariate approach to ranked data suggested by Serlin and Marascuilo (1983). An extension of the Friedman (1937) two-way ANOVA for intra-block ranks was also developed. The adequacy of these procedures for testing interactions in multiple group repeated measures designs was investigated. The Friedman model demonstrated adequate statistical properties only when covariance matrices were spherical. Results also demonstrated that the Hollander-Sethuraman model was useful in testing interaction contrasts.


Both fixed-price and dutch auction repurchases offer large premiums over current values to tendering shareholders. And, because announcements of such offers are generally accompanied by significant increases in stock prices, economists view selftender offers as mechanisms for signaling undervaluation. 1998 Morgan Stanley.


X-ray imaging is one of the most important imaging technologies in medical applications. It allows to look into the human body by exhibiting it to radiation that is emitted from an X-ray source and measuring intensities with a detector on the other side of the object. When using a so-called C-arm device for image acquisition, source and detector are placed on an arm that allows the rotation of both around the object. If enough images are collected, a 3D volume can be reconstructed from these 2D projections. Reconstruction from cone beam projections that are measured on a circular trajectory can be done with the Feldkamp algorithm which is used in many practical applications due to its simplicity.


A large literature finds that cognitive behavioral therapy programs for disruptive students can reduce their disruptiveness and improve their academic outcomes. However, the literature has mostly considered demonstration programs implemented with significant researcher involvement, and has not studied the spillover effects on ineligible students. In this paper, we use a randomized controlled trial to estimate the direct and spillover effects of one such program, implemented as a nationwide policy in Chile. The program has no effect on eligible students' disruptiveness and academic outcomes. It increases the disruptiveness of ineligible students. Finally, it increases the segregation between eligible and ineligible students. ∗We thank the Junta Nacional de Auxilio Escolar y Becas (JUNAEB) for allowing us to randomize the timing of the Habilidades para la vida program, and for providing us with some of the data used in this research. The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Centre for Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy at Warwick University, and from the Economics department at Warwick University. We would also like to thank Romina Guzmán, Juan Pablo Arias, Antonio Figueroa and Gerardo Alvarez for outstanding research assistance. Finally, we also thank Miya Barnett, Peter Kuhn, Zoe Liberman, Shelly Lundberg, Kyle Ratner, Fabian Waldinger, and seminar participants at INSEAD, UC Santa Barbara, University of Bologna, and University of Virginia for their useful comments. This research has been approved by the University of Warwick Research Ethics Committee (approval date: 2014-11-03, approval number: 111/13-14), and has been registered on the social science registry website (RCT ID AEARCTR-0001080). † Clément de Chaisemartin: UC Santa Barbara; J-Pal. ‡Nicolas Navarrete H: Paris School of Economics. For questions please email: firstname.lastname@example.com or firstname.lastname@example.com.


In our earlier work with arsenic trioxide (ATO) resistance in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), we observed that ATO resistant cells reprogrammed their metabolism from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) as a mechanism of resistance. We further demonstrated that it could be overcome by targeting this metabolic switch using FCCP (mitocan) in combination with ATO (Balasundaram N et al. Biorxiv 2020). There is increasing evidence that acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells have a greater metabolic plasticity unlike ATO resistant APL cells and most cancers that rely on glycolysis. AML leukemic stem cells preferentially utilize OXPHOS for their survival (Lagadinou ED et al. Cell stem cell 2013).
 Mitocans like venetoclax used in combination with hypo-methylating agents are already well established in the management of AML (Pollyea D, et al. Nat Med 2021). ATO is also an effective glycolytic inhibitor (Zhang H, et al. PNAS 2015) hence we hypothesized that a combination of ATO and mitocans could potentially target the metabolic plasticity of AML cells. As the combination of ATO and FCCP was found to be non-specific we performed a small-scale screening on an AML cell line (U937) using FDA-approved compounds that are reported to target mitochondria (Gohil V et al. Nature Biotechnology, 2010). Though most of the mitocans showed predicted synergy with ATO. We focused on artesunate (ART) as a candidate for further evaluation due to its specificity for malignant cells, high therapeutic index, bioavailability, route of administration, cost-effectiveness, and global usage as an antimalarial.
 The combination of ATO+ART significantly reduced the viability of different subtypes of AML cell lines (THP-1, MV4:11, and Kasumi-1) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines (Jurkat E6.1, SUP B15, and MOLT-4) with minimal effect on the normal cells (CD34 and peripheral blood mononuclear cells; n=10; 48hours) (figure 1a). We noted that the selective specificity of the combination was primarily due to the iron metabolism of the leukemic cells and a requirement of iron for the activity of ART. When an iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) was used in combination with ATO+ART there was a significant reduction in the activity of the combination on the AML cells (Figure 1b, U937; n=10; 48hours). Seahorse extracellular flux analysis validated that ART (5uM) as a single agent promoted uncoupled mitochondrial respiration and the addition of ATO resulted in a metabolic catastrophe (figure 1c and d).
 Chemical drug proteomic analysis using biotinylated artesunate and pull down from the leukemic cells revealed that the top interacting partners were localized in the mitochondria. We also noted that ART treatment significantly affected the mitochondrial dynamics of leukemic cells, where ART and ATO+ART treated cells had fragmented mitochondria in comparison to the control and ATO alone treated cells where the mitochondria were more elongated (figure 1e, U937 cells; n=3). We evaluated the effect of ATO+ART and their combination with azacytidine (triplet) in-vitro. Dual and triple combinations showed greater toxicity on AML cell lines and primary AML cells (Figure 1f, n=50) in comparison to the normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) and normal CD34+ cells. Taken together, these findings highlight the selective specificity of these combinations and its clinical potential in AML.
 Figure 1 Figure 1.

 Augustin: Christian Medical College: Patents & Royalties: US 2020/0345770 A1 - Pub.Date Nov.5, 2020; AML: Other: Co-Inventor. Krishna: Christian Medical College: Patents & Royalties: US 2020/0345770 A1 - Pub.Date Nov.5, 2020; KCM Vellore: Patents & Royalties; SGUL: Patents & Royalties; AML: Other: Co-Inventor. Mathews: Christian Medical College: Patents & Royalties: US 2020/0345770 A1 - Pub.Date Nov.5, 2020; AML: Other: Co-Inventor.


Objective. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cases of COVID-19 infection in people >18 years old and to investigate attitudes against vaccination and vaccine hesitancy and the factors affecting them. Methods. The data collection form used in the study was prepared by the researchers by screening the relevant literature. People over the age of 18 who agreed to participate in the study were invited to the family health center, and a questionnaire was applied by face-to-face interview method. The application time of a survey was 5-10 minutes. A total of 229 people were reached. Percentage of reaching was 95,4%. Results. The mean age of the participants was

 44
 ,
 13
 ±
 14
 ,
 18

 years. 31,9% of the participants in the study had COVID-19 infections. 69,9% of those who had COVID-19 infection caught the disease in the last year, and 93,2% were followed at home. Among the people with whom the participants lived, 21,6% of those who had COVID-19 infection were hospitalized and 5,7% died. Of the participants who expressed their opinion, 32,1% think that COVID-19 vaccines have serious side effects. Postvaccine side effects developed in 32,9% of the participants who had the COVID-19 vaccine, and 11,0% had a postvaccine infection. Conclusion. The results of our study revealed that the COVID-19 vaccine was highly accepted among the adult population in Turkey during the pandemic period. However, through this study, we found concerns about the side effects of the vaccine, the lack of confidence in the vaccine ingredient, and the effectiveness of the vaccine.


System for managing an interactive way of digital goods, including: multi-user devices interconnected by a network, typically the Internet; a central storage that is available over the network, and which comprises a storage portion for each user; a management server for managing the central storage, and for managing a plurality of databases; several databases which include planning database for scheduling live broadcast media content; wherein each user equipment includes a media control component.


Recently, bio‐adrenomedullin (bio‐ADM) was proposed as a congestion marker in heart failure (HF). In the present study, we aimed to study whether bio‐ADM levels at discharge from a hospital admission for worsening HF could provide additional information on (residual) congestion status, diuretic dose titration and clinical outcomes.


Clumped isotopes provide a theory‐based proxy to reconstruct formation temperatures of carbonates. With the introduction of the empirical transfer function (ETF) and several carbonate standards, interlaboratory comparison has become achievable. Due to the rare occurrence of the multiply substituted isotopologues, the analytical precision of these measurements is very low. In order to improve precision, we investigate the optimal strategy for the conversion into the absolute reference frame using a simulation approach. We find that changing the relative proportions of the standards to include more standards that are closer to the unknown target Δ47 value can greatly improve attainable precision. The inclusion of a hypothetical 4 °C standard results in only modest improvements in final temperature estimates for Earth surface temperature (0 and 40 °C) samples, indicating that the set of ETH‐1–3 standards is suitable for most applications. Full interpolation between two subsequent hypothetical standards, with Δ47 values of CO2 equilibrated at 1000 and 25 °C, results in modest improvements for samples with extreme Δ47 values. With a more optimal distribution of standards it is possible to measure more sample replicates before the uncertainty derived from the ETF becomes limiting. We provide suggestions for the optimal distribution of standards for all target sample Δ47 values and the R code to perform these simulations based on different laboratory settings. These optimizations can also be applied for ETFs using heated and equilibrated gases. We demonstrate numerically how optimizing the distribution and relative abundance of standards can increase measurement precision.


In advancing the achievement of further improvement in the material and cultural living standard of the people as the main target of the Ninth Five-Year Plan, the Twenty-Fourth Congress of the CPSU has based its projections on the potential created by the development of socialist production to date and on the growing store of resources in our economy.


Laundry detergent containing anionic surfactants was used to test their effects on plant growth through irrigation water. Lettuce and okra were cultivated in pot experiment and irrigated with distilled water containing domestic detergent at three different concentrations: low concentration (LC) of 0.1 g L-1; normal concentration (NC) of 1.0 g L-1 and high concentration (HC) of 5.0 g L-1 and distilled water (DW) used as control. The experiment was conducted during three months from July to October in a green house in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. Lettuce leaves, okra fruits and both crops shoots were measured at harvest period as dry and/or fresh weights. Soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC) were analyzed to evaluate changes caused by watering. Soil pH and EC tended to increase with detergent concentration in irrigation solutions. They were no significant difference in okra's fruit growth (fresh and dry weight) for DW, LC and NC treatments. However plants in HC died 20 days after planting (DAP). Similarly, no significant difference was noticed in lettuce shoots (dry weight) between LC, NC and DW treatments but lettuce in HC died 12 DAP. After harvest, irrigated soils EC for all treatments were significantly increased in contrast to pH where no significant difference was obtained.The study show that more than 1.0 g L-1 of laundry detergent can inhibit plant growth and application of high concentrate greywater on detergent can exacerbate soil salinity.


or the first volume of the Journal of Hygiene would have enabled him to write a more correct history of the disease rather than blindly follow Hirsch's history from his splendid but now out of date book on Geographical Pathology. After all this is a minor blemish, for otherwise the book gives a singularly full account of the clinical history, the laboratory diagnosis, the blood-pressure and the treatment by serum, etc., of this highly fatal disease.


Simple Summary Feeding is the most practical way to induce changes in the milk fatty acid profile of ruminants. The use of whole oilseeds is an available resource that farmers can use for improving animal´s performance and milk quality. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine productive performance, milk composition and milk fatty acids of goats supplemented with sunflower and linseed whole seeds in grass silage-based diets. Compared to the typical use of Megalac-R®, sunflower and linseed whole seeds did not affect nutrients digestibility and milk composition but reduced palmitic acid and increased oleic acid in milk. Overall, sunflower and linseed whole seeds resulted an effective strategy for altering the fatty acid composition of goat´s milk towards a healthier profile for humans without negative effects on animal performance. Abstract The objective of this study was to determine productive performance, milk composition and milk fatty acids (FA) of goats supplemented with sunflower and linseed whole seeds in grass silage-based diets. Nine Alpine goats were grouped in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design (n = 3), that included three 21-d periods. Treatments were based on grass silage offered ad libitum and a concentrate mixture supplemented with either 40 g/d of Megalac-R® (control), 80 g/d of sunflower seed (SF), or 80 g/d of linseed (LS). Dry matter intake (1292 ± 14.0 g/d) and digestibility (g/kg) of dry matter (640 ± 32.1), organic matter (668 ± 32.4), neutral detergent fiber (628 ± 41.4) and acid detergent fiber (567 ± 60.9) was not affected by treatments (p > 0.05). Treatment did not affect milk fat yield (39.9 ± 1.24 g/d), protein content (4.5 ± 0.03 %) and protein yield (34.7 ± 1.22 g/d). Compared to control, SF and LS, decreased C16:0 (28.2 vs. 23.1 and 22.4 g/100 g), and increased total C18:1 (24.1 vs. 27.6 and 28.4 g/100 g) respectively. Overall, SF and LS resulted an effective strategy for altering the FA composition of goat´s milk towards a healthier profile for humans without deleterious effects on animal performance.


Thousands of years of Chinese educational history is one involving with the contradiction between the supreme of study and uselessness of study. Therefore, no more attention is paid to the education of science and technology but relying on it. This results in our backward of science and technology, the weak of the country and benighted people. But the problem was solved by Xu Te-li. When he was vice-president of Education Department of China, he proposed this professional education thought and carried it out. his main professional educational thought is: professional education makes scientific research results directly and quickly used into the production development; the editing of professional textbooks from the point of living examples; laying equal stress on both of professional study and full-time study. This thought is still of great realistic significance to the present professional education.


The plasma diagnostics package (PDP) on the space shuttle STS-3 mission in March 1982 carried among its instrument complement a retarding potential analyzer. This instrument measured both the ambient ion plasma density and temperature, and perturbations to the plasma produced by shuttle orbiter effects. Whenever the plasma flow streamline at the instrument was more than a distance of the order of thermal ion gyroradii away from any orbiter surface, the measurements were characteristic of the ambient ionosphere. In several situations, the PDP was positioned so as to scan the wake in the plasma flow produced by orbiter surfaces. The density profile of the major species O+ was consistent with a classic Mach cone. However, strong perturbations extended for several meters outside the Mach cone which resulted in failure of flowing Maxwellian distributions to represent the data. Configurations where the plasma flow impacted orbiter surfaces downstream of the PDP resulted in generation of a suprathermal ion component. The observations are discussed in terms of a recent model of the mechanism for generation of shuttle glow.


The aim of this research was to develop and deploy efficient deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) frameworks for detecting and discriminating between various categories of designer drugs. These are of particular relevance in forensic contexts, aiding efforts to prevent and counter drug use and trafficking and supporting associated legal investigations. Our multinomial classification architectures, based on Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier-Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectra, are primarily tailored to accurately identify synthetic cannabinoids. Within the scope of our dataset, they also adeptly detect other forensically significant drugs and misused prescription medications. The artificial intelligence (AI) models we developed use two platforms: our custom-designed, pre-trained Convolutional Autoencoder (CAE) and a structure derived from the Vision Transformer Trained on ImageNet Competition Data (ViT-B/32) model. In order to compare and refine our models, various loss functions (cross-entropy and focal loss) and optimization algorithms (Adaptive Moment Estimation, Stochastic Gradient Descent, Sign Stochastic Gradient Descent, and Root Mean Square Propagation) were tested and evaluated at differing learning rates. This study shows that innovative transfer learning methods, which integrate both unsupervised and supervised techniques with spectroscopic data pre-processing (ATR correction, normalization, smoothing) and present significant benefits. Their effectiveness in training AI systems on limited, imbalanced datasets is particularly notable. The strategic deployment of CAEs, complemented by data augmentation and synthetic sample generation using the Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) and class weights, effectively address the challenges posed by such datasets. The robustness and adaptability of our DCNN models are discussed, emphasizing their reliability and portability for real-world applications. Beyond their primary forensic utility, these systems demonstrate versatility, making them suitable for broader computer vision tasks, notably image classification and object detection.


Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus and the infection of pregnant women can cause a wide range of congenital abnormalities, including microcephaly in the infant. However, there is no vaccine available yet. In this study, we intended to use PrM/E, which is the main target gene of neutralizing antibodies, for the development of a DNA vaccine for ZIKV. To enhance the gene delivery, a recombinant baculovirus whose surface was modified to express human endogenous retrovirus (HERV) envelope was constructed. Baculovirus with HERV envelope (AcHERV) showed distinguished higher gene delivery than wild type. Using the AcHERV as a delivery vector, we constructed major antigen (prM-E)-encoding DNA under the CMV promoter, AcHERV–ZIKA. Transducing of prM/E gene in a mammalian cell was confirmed by Western blot. Immunization in mice with 10e7 of AcHERV–ZIKA elicited high IgG and neutralizing antibodies. In the challenge test, AcHERV–ZIKA immunized A129 mice showed perfect protection. These results suggest that AcHERV–ZIKA could be a potential vaccine candidate for human application.


Nowadays, the flexibility has grown to be one of the major research topics in the area of workflow. In this paper, we discuss the necessities and the classifications of the flexibility in workflow management applications at first. Then we introduce our approach to realize the flexibility by adaptation based on the concept of Distributed Object Computing (DOC). The prototype system is on C/S architecture, RMI and Java. In the system, client computers distribute on the local network and own their own IP addresses. All of them flexibly cooperate to fulfil the common target under the controlling of the distributed workflow engine.


The operational matrix for performing integration of block-pulse functions is extended to inverse multidimensional Laplace transforms. The inversion algorithm only consists of two simple algebraic operations: multidimensional bilinear transformation and long division of multivariable polynomials. The method is very suitable for computer programming.


With the Internet of Things devices becoming more intelligent, the emergence of large-scale cloud edge collaborative computing networks has made many emerging applications such as online monitoring, simulation reality possible. However, online processing of large-scale computing tasks brings huge delay between cloud, edge and terminal devices. In order to meet the demand of delay sensitive tasks, a cloud side cooperation mode of multi-user and multi MEC servers is considered in this paper. An optimization model with the goal of minimizing the average system delay is proposed, and a joint offloading and resource allocation algorithm based on bi-level particle swarm optimization (BLPSO-JRAA) is proposed to solve the above problems. The algorithm divides the optimization problem into two levels: offloading strategy and resource allocation, and applies the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm to solve the problem iteratively. It is can be show that BLPSO-JRAA reduces the average computing and communication delay by 38% compared with the average communication resource allocation algorithm when users are dense by the simulation results.


Basing on Schegloff's theory of conversational repair,this text discusses how to implement the theory of conversational self-repair to improve oral English teaching in vocational and technical colleges from such four aspects as improving input and output,making better coversation environment and training conversational repair strategies.


This article focuses on the level of confidence in students exiting from three pre-registration programmes leading to a midwifery qualification. Confidence was explored using a tool covering 24 basic skills. This was given to students from 18-month, 3-year and 4-year courses on the last day of their course. A total of 45 responded. Results were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Generally all scores were similar from 18-month and 4-year students but this may have occurred because of curriculum similarities. Three-year students showed a wider variation of confidence levels in all skills. Multiple factors play a part in developing confidence, including the quality of the learning experience, the educational programme and personality. These need further exploration.


'Salve, regina, mater misericordiae … ad te clamamus … ad te suspiramus': when this lovely Marian antiphon is sung, whether by one person or many, it is intoned on behalf of all mankind. 'Ave sanctissima Maria … libera me ab omni malo; ora pro peccato meo': when this prayer is said, it is the individual who begs the Virgin's intercession, who pleads for her to free him from evil, who asks her to pray for his sins. Prayers in the first person singular, a direct address on the most personal level, I and thou, are usually private. It would seem surprising to find them set to music for several voices, and yet settings begin to appear towards the end of the fifteenth century. What does it mean to sing one of these prayers? For whom do the singers sing: each for himself? each for all the other singers? for the listeners?


This paper compared the winter diurnal variation rules of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of 6 Acacia species in Dahe State-Owned Shelterbelts Field in Changle City of Fujian Province. The result showed that the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Fv of all Acacia tree species from midday to afternoon achieved a relatively large value of the day; in one day,the maximum light convertion efficiency of PSII and its potential activity of Acacia cunninghamii was higher than the rest of the 5 kinds of Acacia on the whole,however,Fv/Fmand Fv/Fovalues of A. crassicarpa,A. auriculiformis and A. mangium were relatively low. Combined with the preserving rate of trees,A. cunninghamii,A. aulacocarpa and A. cincinnata were more adapt to the coastal sand in the winter.