The difference between Macro-literature﹠arts is that the former doe not just eyes upon a certain part, but investigates its systemic existence and essence from the angle of overlook. This thesis analyses the three basic characteristics of Macro-literature and arts referring to the present status contemporary literature and arts. It also preliminarily describes the whole pattern and characteristics of Marxian Macro-literature and arts which possesses Chinese characteristics.


The high phenol-degraded bacteria have been cultivated from domestic sludge,and their biofilms have been obtained successfully in the processing of the waste water treatment.The authors have acclimated,fostered and screened two kinds of bacteria with powerful phenol degrading capability.The high phenol-degraded capacities for these bacteria and factors influencing the capacities have been studied in this paper.The results show that the phenol degrading rates for the wastewater can reach 80 percent of the total phenol-content wastewater,under the conditions of pH=5~7,and 25~35℃.


The main objective of the paper is to overview of the actual and potential capabilities of some complex multilayers to enhance, and control the microwave absorption. Going through available literature data we emphasize the role of interphase coupling, and material resonances in enhancing phenomena of importance for internal scattering, di usions, and intrinsic material absorption of propagating EM wave, especially in microwave and mm wave ranges. The theoretical background is consequently formulated in terms of transmissions line approach.


It comes as no surprise to many that house prices vary from region to region. London, for example, which has a sizable prime property sector, is home to ...


Background Breast-feeding has beneficial effects in the mother and toddler, the absence of it has been implicated in numerous adverse effects [1]. According to UNICEF if everyone would be nourished nice the first hour of birth by breastfeeding and continued to do so during the first 6 months of life, by the year of two, eight thousand lives would be spared [2]. Breast milk has proven benefits regarding nutrition, gastrointestinal function stimulation growth and development, boosting the inmune system by decreasing the incidence of infection and promoting psychological wellness [3].


A viewgraph presentation on Quasi-biennial Oscillations (QBO) from Global Positioning System/Challenging Mini-Satellite Payload (GPS/CHAMP) tropospheric and ionsopheric data is shown. The topics include: 1) A brief review of QBO; 2) Characteristics of small-scale oscillations in GPS/CHAMP 50-Hz raw measurements; 3) Variations of lower atmospheric variances; and 4) Variations of E-region variances.


Objective To compare the capability of evaluate tumor angiogenesis between Gd-DTPA and self-made USPIO in rabbit VX2 tumor.Materials and Methods Six rabbits underwent MR imaging with gadopentetate dimeglumine and USPIO after two weeks of VX2 tumor inoculation in both thighs.Maximum enhancement ratio(ERmax)、rate of curves(Slope)and the time point to reach peak(Tmax)was assessed,and then analyzed the correlation between these enhancement parameters and pathologic index.Results The achievement ratio of VX2 carcinoma model was a hundred percent.All tumors showed no enhancement at the nonage,and then exhibited gradually enhancement.The enhancement parameters had highly statistical difference between different scan series(P values all 0.01).The rank correlation coefficients which had statistical significance mainly existed in the tumor rim;and All in all,the rank correlation coefficients of Gd-DTPA between enhancement parameters and pathologic index were lower than USPIO-T1WI enhancement scanning.Conclu-sion USPIO-T1WI enhancement scanning can preferably substitute the pathologic index to monitor the tumor angiogenesis quantitatively and dynamically.


The state of the art in medical informatics is presented, in science as well as in the technological field. After the inventory of the solutions provided it is postulated that informatics and medicine are inevitable partners, but it is a globally positive marriage.


Natural Language Processing (NLP) constitutes a fundamental module for a plethora of domains where unstructured text is a predominant source. Despite the keen interest of both industry and research community in developing NLP tools, current industrial solutions still suffer from two main cons. First, the architectures underlying existing systems do not satisfy critical requirements of large-scale processing, completeness, and versatility. Second, the algorithms typically employed for entity recognition and disambiguation — a core task common to all modern NLP systems — are still not well-suited for deployment in a real industrial environment, for evident issues of efficiency and result interpretability. In this paper we present Hermes, a novel NLP tool that overcomes the two main limitations of existing solutions. By employing an efficient and extendable distributed-messaging architecture, Hermes achieves the critical requirements of large-scale processing, completeness, and versatility. Moreover, our tool includes an entity-disambiguation algorithm enhanced with a two-level hashing-based approximation technique to considerably improve efficiency, as a well as a densest-subgraph-extraction method to increase result interpretability.


32 33 CD4 downregulation on infected cells is a highly conserved function of primate lentiviruses. It 34 has been shown to positively impact viral replication by a variety of mechanisms including 35 enhanced viral release and infectivity, decrease of cell reinfection and protection from antibody36 dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), which is often mediated by antibodies that require CD4 37 to change envelope (Env) conformation. Here we report that incorporation of CD4 into HIV-1 38 viral particles affects Env conformation resulting in the exposure of occluded epitopes 39 recognized by CD4-induced antibodies. This translates into enhanced neutralization 40 susceptibility by these otherwise non-neutralizing antibodies but is prevented by the HIV-1 Nef 41 accessory protein. Altogether, these findings suggest that another functional consequence of 42 Nef-mediated CD4 downregulation is the protection of viral particles from neutralization by 43 commonly-elicited CD4-induced antibodies. 44 45 46 Importance 47 It has been well established that Env-CD4 complexes expose epitopes recognized by 48 commonly-elicited CD4-induced antibodies at the surface of HIV-1-infected cells, rendering 49 them vulnerable to ADCC responses. Here we show that CD4 incorporation has a profound 50 impact on Env conformation at the surface of viral particles. Incorporated CD4 exposes CD451 induced epitopes on Env, rendering HIV-1 susceptible to neutralization by otherwise non52 neutralizing antibodies. 53 54 on S etem er 9, 2019 at U N IV O F C A IF S A N D IE G O http/jvi.asm .rg/ D ow nladed fom Introduction 55 56 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) entry, mediated by the trimeric viral envelope 57 glycoproteins (Env), is the first step of the viral replication cycle. The Env trimer is the only virus58 specific antigen present on the surface of viral particles; as such, it is the target of neutralizing 59 and non-neutralizing antibodies. Env is a highly dynamic molecule that, upon binding the 60 receptor, CD4, transitions from a "closed" conformation (State 1) to an "open" CD4-bound 61 conformation (State 3). CD4 engagement induces an asymmetric intermediate (State 2) 62 adopted on the pathway to State 3 (1-3). The mature HIV-1 Env trimer is derived by proteolytic 63 cleavage of a trimeric gp160 precursor (4, 5) and is composed of the exterior gp120 and 64 transmembrane gp41 subunits. The gp120 is retained on the trimer via non-covalent 65 interactions with the gp41 ectodomain (6-8). The gp120 glycoprotein is responsible for 66 interactions with CD4 (9, 10). CD4 binding triggers conformational changes in gp120 that 67 promote its interaction with one of the chemokine receptors, CCR5 or CXCR4 (11-18). CD4 68 binding also induces conformational changes within the gp41 ectodomain (19-22). The 69 conformational transition of the gp41 ectodomain into a six-helix bundle composed of the HR1 70 and HR2 heptad repeat regions results in the fusion of the viral and target cell membranes (2371 25). 72 73 CD4 downregulation is a highly conserved function of primate lentiviruses (26, 27). It has 74 been shown that HIV-1 uses different mechanisms to downregulate CD4 from the cell surface 75 (reviewed in (28-30)). HIV-1 uses its Nef, Vpu and Env proteins to decrease CD4 cell surface 76 expression. Nef is expressed early during the replication cycle and downregulates CD4 from 77 the plasma membrane by directing the receptor to lysosomal degradation (28, 31-35). Vpu is 78 expressed late in the replication cycle from a bicistronic mRNA also coding for Env. Vpu 79 interacts with newly-synthesized CD4 in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and induces its 80 on S etem er 9, 2019 at U N IV O F C A IF S A N D IE G O http/jvi.asm .rg/ D ow nladed fom degradation through an endoplasmic-reticulum-associated protein degradation (ERAD) 81 mechanism (36-39). The action of Vpu liberates Env from CD4-dependent retention in the ER 82 (40) allowing trafficking in its unliganded form to the plasma membrane. 83 84 CD4 downregulation appears to be important for viral replication at different levels (2885 30) and was shown to be important for Env incorporation into viral particles, viral infectivity (4186 44) and to avoid reinfection of the cell (26, 45-47). CD4 downregulation also prevents exposure 87 of otherwise occluded CD4-induced (CD4i) epitopes which are recognized by easily-elicited 88 non-neutralizing antibodies (nnAbs) (48). In HIV-1-infected individuals, CD4i antibodies are 89 present in different biological fluids, including sera, breast milk and cervicovaginal lavages (4990 52). Some of these antibodies have been shown to possess potent antibody-dependent cellular 91 cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity against cells expressing Env in its "open" CD4-bound conformation 92 (48, 51, 53-56). This "ADCC susceptible" conformation was recently identified as a fourth Env 93 conformational state named State 2A (57). This new conformation is asymmetric and was 94 shown to be stabilized by a combination of small CD4 mimetics (CD4mc) and two types of CD4i 95 antibodies, anti-coreceptor binding site (CoRBS) and anti-cluster A antibodies. Alternatively, it 96 could be stabilized through Env-CD4 cis interactions. Accordingly, Nef-mediated CD4 97 downregulation prevented the spontaneous sampling of this antibody-vulnerable conformation 98 at the surface of infected cells (57). This finding raised the intriguing possibility that another 99 functional consequence of HIV-1-mediated CD4 downregulation is to prevent neutralization by 100 otherwise non-neutralizing CD4i antibodies. 101 102 Here, using a combination of virus capture assay (VCA), infection, neutralization and 103 cold-inactivation assays, we have investigated the functional consequences of CD4 104 incorporation on Env conformation. We report that CD4 incorporation has a significant impact 105 on S etem er 9, 2019 at U N IV O F C A IF S A N D IE G O http/jvi.asm .rg/ D ow nladed fom on Env conformation, stabilizing "open" conformational states and increasing the susceptibility 106 of viral particles to neutralization by commonly-elicited CD4i antibodies. 107 108 Results 109 110 CD4 interaction exposes CD4i epitopes on viral particles 111 To investigate the impact of CD4 on Env conformation at the surface of viral particles we 112 adapted a previously-described virus capture assay (58, 59). This virus capture assay relies on 113 the binding of HIV-1 virions by anti-Env Abs that are immobilized on ELISA plates. The viral 114 particles used in this assay are generated by transfecting HEK293T cell with the pNL4.3 Nef115 Luc Envconstruct (8, 59-61). This construct is co-transfected with a plasmid encoding HIV-1 116 Env and a plasmid encoding the G glycoprotein from vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV-G), 117 resulting in a virus capable of a single round of infection. Virus-containing supernatants are 118 added to the antibody-coated plate and unbound virions are washed away. Retention of virions 119 on the surface of the plate by anti-Env Abs is visualized by the addition of HEK293T cells that 120 do not express CD4. Infection of the HEK293T cells is mediated by VSV-G and measured by 121 luciferase activity 2 days after infection. A scheme of the assay is depicted in Figure 1A. VSV-G 122 must be present on the virion in order to allow viral infection and subsequent luciferase 123 expression. If only HIV-1 Env is present and that Env is recognized by the capture antibody, the 124 virions are captured but unable to infect HEK293T cells and therefore no signal is obtained 125 (Figure 1B). Similarly, if only VSV-G is present, the anti-Env Abs are unable to capture the 126 virions and therefore no signal is obtained. Only the presence of HIV-1 Env and VSV-G on 127 virions results in a signal when using anti-Env Abs such as 2G12, which recognizes an exposed 128 glycan-dependent epitope on the State 1 Env. Since the epitope recognized by the A32 129 antibody, which targets the gp120 inner domain, is buried in the closed trimer, it fails to capture 130 the virus (Figure 1B). 131 on S etem er 9, 2019 at U N IV O F C A IF S A N D IE G O http/jvi.asm .rg/ D ow nladed fom


A concept of multiscale modeling of a tubular solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system was presented. The major features of two basic modeling tools were described and explained by auxiliary examples: a process simulator for the system level at macro scale and computational fluid dynamics tools used in cell and stack-level modeling. Guidelines for the integration of the two numerical tools were presented along with the implementation of merging a SOFC CFD model with an ASPEN Plus one by means of an in-house interfacing software.


logous or isologous hrematopoietic tissue has been given intravenously after irradiation. The injected myeloid cells occupy the bone marrow spacesof the animal whose own bone marrow has been destroyed by radiation and there actively multiply until they are able to supply the needs of the host. These animals have continued to do well apart from the increasedaging effect brought about by radiation and the concomitant increased cancer incidence in younger age groups. In contradistinction, hrematopoietichomografting of foreign cells, although it gives initial recovery from the acute effects of lethal whole body irradiation, is usually followed by death some months later due to the immunological incompatibility of host and donor.' Animals which survive by virtue of this bone marrow graft exhibit limited recolonization of lymphoid tissue; so that, although the homologous chimrera is not entirely immunologically neutral, to say the least its immunological responsesare impaired. They are very prone to infection. In mice the incompatibility has been shown to be in the direction of grafted cells against the antigens of the host, and the immunological turmoil is manifested in this mammal by diarrhrea and progressivewasting leading to death. This immunological disease, or secondary radiation disease, as it is called. has not yet been observed in man. It is hoped that it may be avoided,' now that homologousmarrow treatment is being envisaged,by invoking the principle of actively acquired tolerance in the utilization of embryonic heematopotettchomogratts. Billingham defined actively acquired tolerance as representing "the specific and "Systemic failure of the mechanism of immunological response which is brought about by exposing embryos and very young animals to antigenic stimuli". The principle is used in reverse in radiation chimrerism by introducing these immunologically null embryonic cells into a lethally irradiated host. This host having received probably permanent depression of its immune powers cannot in turn reject these donor cells. The donor cells tolerate the host, and immunological secondary diseaseis avoided. In some strains of mice the state of "tolerance" extendseven a day or two into neonatal life. It would be as well to know the duration of tolerancein human embryos. A guessmight be that embryonic tissue older than 32 weeks would not succeed in avoiding secondary disease. Other obstacles confronting the application of human homografting were discussed in an editorial in this journal on November 1, 1958.


In urban gas network with multiple pressure ranges, there is an optimal effect radius, for which the annual calculating cost is minimal. According to the analysis of technology and economy about the gas supply with the medium pressure in urban gas transmission and distribution system, the optimal effect radius of regulator station in medium pressure gas network has been obtained.


Traumatic dental injuries in permanent teeth, especially the maxillar incisors, are very common. The ultimate goal of any dental emergency treatment is to re-establish normal tooth position together with normal function. Numerous techniques to restore fractured crowns can be used. The reattachment of fractured fragment is an option that can provide immediate esthetic, functional and biologic restoration.


Entering new century, the problem of development becomes a vital problem with overall importance, strategicness and timesness. Three generations leaders attache great importance to the problem, made many important expositions, regard development as the prerequisite solving all problems the key to national promotion and country's growth and flourishment.Use philosophic mode of thinking to study the law of the development of socialist construction thoroughly, set a complete new thinking of development, correctly handle vital social relations in development, this is inevitable strategic selection that Chinese economic society develop in an all-round way in new century, has vital theoretical and practical significance to guiding the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristic.


The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of careful verbal instruction on the ability of men to correctly contract the pelvic floor muscles. The participants were men before robotic-assisted prostate surgery for cancer. After careful verbal instruction, participants had bladder neck movement in the cranial direction assessed by two-dimensional transperineal ultrasound. All 31 participants were able to move the bladder neck in the cranial direction.


Grounded on the practical data of projects' reliability increasing tests,this paper sets up the fuzes' reliability increasing techological system based on the Gompertz model, it makes a comprehensive analysis and study on the reliability increase of fuzes' design and test. Further more, the model is testified by the X2 distributing theorem. Finally, the conclusion that tallies with the practical test data is drawn. Thus, the theoretic foundation is presented in the field of fuze design,manufacture,and test in the proving ground.


This paper presents experimental studies from the road profile measurements by employing accelerometers and international roughness index - IRI assessment tools and practical guidelines with respect to measured acceleration data processing in terms of digital filter design and conversion of vertical acceleration data into displacement data. In addition, it shows comparative analysis of measurements with accelerometers and Rod & Level (Leica TS 06 Plus), and gives some recommendations how to process measured data.


In one embodiment, a method includes receiving an unstructured text query from a first user of an online social network; and accessing, from a data store of the mobile client system, a set of nodes of a social graph of the online social network. The social graph includes a number of nodes and edges connecting the nodes. The nodes include a first node corresponding to the first user and a number of second nodes that each correspond to a concept or a second user associated with the online social network. The method also includes accessing, from the data store of the mobile client system, a set of grammar templates. Each grammar template includes one or more non-terminal tokens and one or more query tokens. The query tokens include references to zero or more second nodes and one or more edges and each grammar template is based on a natural-language string.


ASTER is a high-spatial resolution, multispectral imaging system flying aboard TERRA, a satellite launched in December 1999 as part of NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS). An ASTER scene covering 61.5 km x 63 km contains data from 14 spectral bands. An ASTER Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is generated using bands 3N (nadir) and 3B (backward) level 1A images acquired by the Visible Near Infra-red (VNIR) along-track stereo data in the spectral range of 0.78 to 0.86 microns. The aim of this study is to assess the accuracy and reliability of a 15m spatial resolution DEM generated from ASTER data. Ground Control Points (GCPs) are used to establish an accurate relationship between a projected image, the sensor, and the ground. The quality of the DEM will depend both on the accuracy of the GCPs and on their number. This assessment is carried out by verification of the DEM against a number of check points (CPs) collected independently from GCPs and acquired using differential GPS. This was undertaken in a semi-arid region of Jordan. The results show that ASTER DEM with 15 m spatial resolution has the majority of height differences of less than 20m and the best potential accuracy for the DEM from ASTER using the root mean square error (RMSE) is about ±9.42 m. Further work will focus on the accuracy of an InSAR derived DEM over the same area and the implications of these elevation models for hydrological process modelling in the region.


Each electric motor has a temperature rating that is related to the insulation grade of its winding. Exceeding the maximum temperature will lead to motor destruction. In this study, the temperature rise of components in a 250W brushed DC motor including the brush, bearing, permanent magnet and casing are observed as the speed of the motor changes. Knowing that the speed is proportional to the voltage supplied, the temperature of these components was observed at voltages ranging from 8 to 24 V with no load. The results show that despite running without load, the current increase proportionally due to resistance torque that increases with the speed. The maximum temperature attained in the brush at the maximum speed tested at 55°C. The following orders are the bearing, casing and permanent magnet. The order are the same regardless the speed level.


In the last two centuries the Lake States forest has been transformed by a succession of fur trappers, lumbermen, miners, farmers, and finally tourists. Each period of activity has contributed elements to the overlapping pattern of placenames found on present-day maps of Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin, and these names tell us a great deal about the history of the region. Naming topographical features-indeed, even deciding which among countless topographical features should be named-was part of the process of taking possession of the land and imposing economic and cultural meaning on its forms. The scattered reminders on Lake States maps are part of a broader legacy of toponymy in the United States-a legacy that includes overlays of Indian, French, Spanish, English, Scottish, German, and other cultural inputs as well as a rich variety of truly American amalgamations, corruptions, and innovations. The galaxy of placenames not only reinforces unique regional characteristics but records a complex and changing history of land use. Although not the first to inscribe "names on the land," Lake States loggers left the richest legacy upon modern maps of the region.' The names that remain from the colorful lumbering era-the second half of the nineteenth century-hint at the preoccupations of the loggers, their changing technologies, their methods of integrating topography and industry, and their sometimes whimsical memorializations of lumbering events and personalities, both important and mundane. Like old logging road grades, scattered clearings, and scraps


This note describes the rediscovery of $B\to\eta' K$ decays in Belle II data, both in the charged and neutral final state: $B_0\to\eta' K_S$ and $B^\pm\to\eta' K^\pm$. The $\eta'$ is searched for in two decay modes: $\eta'\to\eta\pi^+\pi^-$ with $\eta\to\gamma\gamma$, and $\eta'\to\rho\gamma$. The analysis uses data collected in 2019 and 2020 at the SuperKEKB asymmetric $e^+e^-$ collider, with an integrated luminosity of $62.8~fb^{-1}$, corresponding to $68.2$ million of $B\bar{B}$ pairs produced. The signal yield is obtained via an unbinned maximum likelihood fit to signal sensitive variables, obtaining branching ratios: $$\mathcal{B}\left(B^\pm\to\eta'K^\pm\right) = \left(63.4~^{+3.4}_{-3.3}\,(stat)\,\pm3.2\,(syst)\,\right) \times10^{-6} $$ $$\mathcal{B}\left(B_0\to\eta'K_S\right) = \left(59.9~^{+5.8}_{-5.5}\,(stat)\,\pm2.9\,(syst)\,\right) \times10^{-6} $$ which are consistent with world average.


The treatment of goodwill, whether to capitalise or expense in the year of acquisition, has been a topic of debate over the last two decades. Since 1998, the Financial Reporting Standard (FRS 10) in the UK requires firms to capitalise purchased goodwill and amortise it through periodic charges to the profit and loss account rather than expense in the year of acquisition. The FRS 10 remained effective until 2003 and was since replaced by the International Financial Reporting Standard 3 (IFRS 3). The purpose of this study is to examine the association between purchased goodwill and market value of the firm by using a market valuation model that includes both balance sheet and income statement items, after controlling for the valuation effects of other intangibles assets: research and development (R&D), and advertising. Empirical results suggest a strong positive association between capitalised goodwill and firm market value, after controlling for other intangible assets such as R&D and advertising.


This study aims to present a suggested framework for Corporate Social Responsibility (hereafter CSR) and to examine if there is a relationship between (CSR), bank size, the level of risk in the bank and Advertising Intensity (hereafter ADINT) on one hand and the Corporate Financial performance (hereafter CFP) on the other hand in the Jordanian banking companies.As such, this study relied on the financial reports from banking companies listed in Jordanian Stock Exchange for the year 2011 and conducted literatures and empirical studies to obtain the results. statistical techniques are used to analyze data. Throughout this study, it is concluded that there is a significant positive relationship between (CSR), bank size, the level of risk in the bank and ( ADINT) on one hand and (CFP) on the other hand in the Jordanian banking companies.The study has insisted on the importance of adopting (CSR) in the banking sector and the importance of preparing more researches related to (CSR) field.


Irradiation of cyclononene and cycloundecene in pentane afforded cis-bicyclo[4.3.0]nonane and cis-bicyclo[6.3.0]undecane, respectively. Small amounts of the fragmentation products 1-undecene and 1-undecyne were also obtained from cycloundecene. The photobehavior of the series of medium- and large-ring alkenes is compared. Aside from E⇄Z isomerization, the principal pathway in each case involves rearrangement of the π,R(3s) excited to a cycloalkylidene intermediate which undergoes predominant, if not exclusive, 1,5-transannular insertion to afford the corresponding cis-bicyclo[n.3.0]alkane


Muslims in Electoral Politics Sanjay Kumar Muslims have generally been regarded as a vote bank for the Congress and have tended to vote en bloc. On the basis of a micro-level study of five constituencies in the Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh during the 1993 assembly elections, this paper argues that the Muslim community is no longer an electoral monolith and there are differences in the voting behaviour of its members in terms of socio-economic status, educational attainments, occupational structure and mobility patterns, etc.


An introduction to and overview of the Council of Europe's Committee of Ministers' standard-setting activities in respect of freedom of expression and the media.


The citations in this section represent a selection from the periodicals which are received through an exchange relationship with the COMPARATIVE EDUCATION REVIEW. Certain other references to recent periodical articles which have been brought to the attention of the editors are also included. For convenience of organization the articles listed below are grouped, where feasible, according to a standard geographical classification. Other items are listed under the "General" category, including those which relate to more than one geographical area. In order to make this section as complete as possible, readers are invited to submit citations of recent articles (giving full bibliographical information) or copies of material to the COMPARATIVE EDUCATION REVIEW, 208 Education Building, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706. The editor acknowledges the assistance of Janice Currie of the Comparative Education Center, University of Chicago, in preparing this section.


Purpose: To evaluate the volumetric coverage of Head and Neck patients planned using the 3D technique of 7040cGy/38fx dose schema versus modified IMRT RTOG 0022 multi‐tier dose schema with (High Risk) HR PTV 6784cGy/32fx; (Intermediate Risk) IR PTV 5760cGy/32fx and (Low Risk) LR PTV 5440cGy/32fx. We evaluated 4 patients whose diagnoses were Oropharynx, Supraglottis and 2 Base of Tongue carcinomas.Materials and Methods:Treatment plans using traditional 3D planning technique and Inverse Planning IMRT were developed using CMS XiO treatment planning system. The same targets and critical structures were used for both dose schema. The dosimetric plans were compared with respect to dose conformability and dose to the critical structures, using dose volume histograms to evaluate volumetric coverage. Results: Our Modified IMRT RTOG plans showed more conformal isodoses and provided better coverage around the various PTV than the traditional 3D. Also the Dose Volume Histogram evaluation showed better sparing of organ of risk especially the Parotids with the IMRT plans. Conclusion: The Modified IMRT RTOG dose schema gave a better volumetric target coverage, better organ at risk sparing, better biological effect with 32fx versus 38fx, more skin sparing, less parotid dose, but required stringent immobilization criteria. The treatment is completed solely with photon fields and there is no need for field matching of photon and electron as with the traditional 3D. Further studies are needed to establish the true clinical advantage of this multi‐tier dose schema.


U.S. County Population Estimates 2000 (table) represents the county population attributes from the Federal State Cooperative Program for Population Estimates (FSCPE). The program promotes the cooperation between the States and the United States Bureau of the Census. These population estimates contain revisions of estimates from previous years and the results of special censuses and test censuses conducted by the Census Bureau. These population estimates are for 3,141 counties or county equivalents.


This article explores the Canadian province of Ontario's approach to environmental assessment and SEA to electricity issues, its efforts to adapt these processes to facilitate the rapid development of renewable energy sources, and the potential contributions that an SEA approach might have made to these efforts. The province's experience may carry useful lessons for other jurisdictions considering the interplay between environmental assessment processes and strategies designed to move energy systems in the direction of greater sustainability.


Introduction: Lima and Callao are high risk areas for tuberculosis active transmission in Peru. Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis represents 5.54% of the new ...


Objective To investigate the role of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF) in the effect of tumor necrosis factor-related apop-tosis-inducing ligand(TRAIL) promoting primary hepatic satellite cells(HSCs) apoptosis and the possible mechanisms involved.Methods Proliferation HSCs was used in the experiment when be recovered.HSCs were divided into four groups:HSCs blank,HGF,TRAIL,HGF+TRAIL groups.The morphology of HSCs was observed by the inverted phase contrast microscope.HSCs proliferation rate was measured by MTT assay when using exogenous HGF and TRAIL.Cell apoptosis and the expression of DR5 on HSCs surface were measured by Annexin-V-FITC/PI double staining flow cytometry and Western blot respectively.Results MTT method indicated that HGF and TRAIL had no effect on HSCs proliferation(P0.05).Under the concentration of 50~200 ng/ml and 0.5~1.5 μg/ml respectively.Under the 2 μg/ml con-centration of TRAIL could inhibit HSCs proliferation.Growth inhibition rates of 24 h and 48 h were:(8.03±1.2) %,(24.6±0.8) %(P0.01).Apoptosis of HSCs were detected by flow cytometry:HGF+TRAIL group was higher than that of HSCs group and HGF group(P0.05);The expression of DR5 protein in HGF+TRAIL group was higher than that of HSCs group,HGF group and TRAIL group(P0.01).Conclusions Under the action of the TRAIL,HGF can promote apoptosis of HSCs and inhibit proliferation.The possible mecha-nism is HGF can increase expression of DR5 protein on HSCs surface.


Pt-Mo alloy films were obtained by electrodeposition from a plating bath containing H2PtCl6 and Na2MoO4, using ammonia alkaline baths, and the effects of electrolysis parameters on Pt and Mo content, the total current efficiency and the structure and thermal stability of Pt-Mo alloy films were investigated under varying conditions of electrolysis.Electrodeposited Pt-Mo alloy films were then studied by X-ray diffraction, DSC analysis and ESCA, and information on the structure of the alloy films was obtained. X-ray diffraction patterns showed that films containing about 10∼15 wt% Mo consisted of a mixture of amorphous and crystalline alloys. ESCA spectra of Mo 3d levels for the alloy films showed that these elements existed in a metallic state.


It has happened once again: Earnings at major chemical companies have fallen. Granted, the decline did not affect all companies, but the fact remains that for the 30 major companies regularly surveyed by C&EN, aggregate earnings have declined on a year-to-year basis in 13 of the past 14 quarters. The only exception was second-quarter 1992, when earnings for the group were essentially flat compared with the year-earlier three-month period. In the first quarter this year, earnings for the 30-company group dropped 6% from first-quarter 1992 to $1.12 billion on a sales increase of 1% to almost $20.8 billion. This resulted in profit margins falling to 5.4% in the first quarter from 5.8% in the same period last year. In contrast, other chemical-producing companies fared much better. Earnings increased for oil and natural gas companies and diversified firms that produce chemicals, and for pharmaceutical companies. For a group of 13 oil and natural gas companies, total ...


The present work focuses on the thermal radiation effect in Hydro Magnetic peristaltic pumping of Jeffrey nano fluid in an unsymmetrical channel. The present work looks at the radiation effect, magnetic field, Brownian motion, thermophoresis, and buoyancy forces. Well established high wavelength and tiny Reynolds number assumptions are invoked. The exact solution for the velocity, concentration, temperature has been evaluated. It has been observed that temperature is reducing with increasing of Radiation parameter.


In the transport industry, the number of air transport arrivals and departures increased steadily during the quarter. Specifically, the number of passengers arriving at Entebbe airport steadily grew by 96.8 percent between October and December 2020. In the same period, departures grew by 40.3 percent. This increase is attributed to the resumption of flights by the Uganda airlines at the start of October after 6 months of closure due to the COVID 19 lockdown.


Treatment of allyl-1,1-dichlorovinyl ethers with n-BuLi at -78 °C, followed by quenching with ketones, epoxides, and oxetanes, leads to highly substituted β-, γ-, and δ-lactones in good to excellent yields.


T his is a soft-cover paperback book directed to plastic surgeons in practice. The text consists of a table of contents, the main text, and an index. No references have been used. The purpose of the book was to better prepare plastic surgeons in practice on understanding risks and malpractice exposure involved with the practice of plastic surgery. The authors of the text, Drs Phil Haeck and Mark Gorney, are well-known figures in the world of plastic surgery. Dr Haeck has written the column entitled, ''On legal grounds'' for Plastic Surgery News for many years and is currently the president of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons. Dr Mark Gorney is a former president of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons and is intimately involved with The Doctors Company (a malpractice insurance carrier). This text is divided into 14 chapters. Chapters are dedicated to cosmetic surgery topics ranging from the genesis of the dissatisfied patient and malpractice claims to legal definitions, patient centered aspects, and claims related to specific procedures. There is a chapter dedicated to the male patient and one chapter on reconstruction. Similarly, there is a section on psychological aspects and one chapter discussing the office staff. Then there are some interesting chapters dedicated to some of the newer trends in plastic surgery practice, including digital simulations, minimally invasive office procedures (neurotoxins, lasers, and fillers), and other emerging surgical trends like Medi-Spas. The text concludes with chapters discussing the insurance carriers' viewpoint and serving as an expert witness at trial. The overarching theme of this book is that plastic surgery is a very special kind of practice where one takes otherwise well patients and attempts to make them better with surgery; but during this transition phase, a particular surgeon's skill and interpersonal approach is what generally determines if a claim arises. One of the most interesting chapters in the book discussed the risk ratio of various plastic surgery procedures. I was under the mistaken assumption that breast reduction surgery was the most highly litigious procedure in plastic surgery. According to the book, which extrapolates it data from records of The Doctor's Company, it turns out that breast reconstruction is currently the most highly contested. This is followed by rhytidectomy, bilateral breast reduction, abdominoplasty, and then breast augmentation. Reconstruction seems to be given relatively short shrift in this text; being relegated to a simple chapter, but there are, in fact, various portions of the book that discussed specific reconstructive procedures. Reconstructive surgeries are not immune to malpractice, and it turns out that the general reconstructive procedures that are most susceptible to malpractice claims in the plastic surgeon's hands are as follows: 1. tumor removalVwhere it seems that inadequate discussion of Moh's technique and poor follow-up of pathology are to blame, 2. facial traumaVwhere inadequate occlusion results, and, 3. limb salvageVwhere it seems donor site morbidity and unrealistic expectations are mostly to blame.


The present investigation was carried out at Post Graduate Laboratory of Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture and Forestry, A.N.D. University of Agriculture & Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U.P.) during the year 2019-2020. Mango (Mangifera indica L.), Citrus (Citrus aurantifolia Swingle.), Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller.) and Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) have nutritional, spicy, medicinal and therapeutic values. In the present study, the mango pulp, kagzi lime juice, aloe vera gel and ginger juice were blended in different ratios viz., 100:00:00:00 (T1), 00:100:00:00 (T2), 00:00:100:00 (T3), 00:00:00:100 (T4), 25:25:25:25 (T5), 40:20:20:20 (T6), 70:10:10:10 (T7), 20:40:20:20 (T8), 55:25:10:10 (T9) and 50:20:15:15 (T10) for the preparation of squash. The squashes were prepared using 50% TSS, 1.20% acidity, 350 ppm SO2 and 25% blend from each blend combination. Among different proportions, the treatment (T9) comprising 55 percent mango pulp, 25 percent kagzi lime juice, 10 percent aloe vera gel and 10 percent ginger juice was found best on 9-point hedonic scale for the preparation of squash by the panel of semi trained judges during organoleptic evaluation. The squash were filled into glass and polypet bottles and stored at ambient conditions (20.1-29.4C), and subjected to chemical and organoleptic evaluation at an interval of 30 days for a period of 150 days (5 months). During the storage period Total Soluble Solids, acidity, reducing sugars and total sugars increased whereas vitamin-A, vitamin-C, non-reducing sugar and organoleptic score decreased with the advancement of storage period. The beverage was organoleptically acceptable upto 5 months of storage in case of both glass and polypet bottles. This study indicated that mango, kagzi lime aloe vera and ginger can be utilized for palatable squash making which can be beneficial for the consumers in terms of taste, colour, flavour and overall acceptability.


The present invention, pyraclostrobin, orysastrobin, azoxystrobin, dimoxystrobin, enestroburin, fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, metominostrobin, orysastrobin, picoxystrobin, pyribencarb, trifloxystrobin, 2 - (2- (6- (3-chloro-2-methyl - phenoxy) -5-fluoro - 4-yloxy) - phenyl) -2-methoxyimino -N- methyl - acetamide, 3-15-methoxy-2 - (2- (N-(4-methoxy - phenyl) - cyclopropane - dicarboximide ylsulfanylmethyl) - phenyl) - acrylic acid methyl ester, methyl (2-chloro-5- [1- (3-methyl-benzyloxy imino) - ethyl] benzyl) carbamate and 2- (2- (3- (2,6-dichlorophenyl) -1-methyl - ant-aminooxy-methyl) - phenyl) -2-methoxyimino -N- methyl - A At least one strobilurin selected from the group consisting of Toamido (Compound A), comprises applying to the plants after the vegetative growth period, to a method of increasing the free amino acid levels in storage tissues of perennials. Furthermore, the present invention is to increase the free amino acid levels in storage tissues of perennials, pyraclostrobin, orysastrobin, azoxystrobin, dimoxystrobin, enestroburin, fluoxastrobin, kresoxim-methyl, Metominosuto robin, orysastrobin, picoxystrobin, pyribencarb, trifloxystrobin, 2- (2- (6- (3-chloro-2-methyl - phenoxy) -5-fluoro - 4-yloxy) - phenyl) - 2-methoxyimino -N- methyl - acetamide, 3-15 methoxy -2- (2- (N- (4- methoxy - phenyl) - cyclopropane - dicarboximide ylsulfanylmethyl) - phenyl) - acrylic acid methyl ester, methyl (2-chloro-5- [1- (3-methyl-benzyloxyimino) - ethyl] benzyl) carbamate and 2- (2- (3- (2,6-dichlorophenyl) - 1-methyl - ant-aminooxy-methyl) - it relates to the use of at least one strobilurin selected from the group consisting of acetamide (Compound A) - phenyl) -2-methoxyimino -N- methyl. .BACKGROUND


Surface pores effect on frictional behavior of lubricated point contacts was scrutinized under different entrainment speed and slide-to-roll ratios (SRR). The lubricant film thickness has also been measured through a specific interferometry technique designed for rough samples [2]. The experimental methodology comprised the manufacturing of samples by powder metallurgy, both balls and discs, which were tested separately against non-porous samples (NP reference material). Sintering parameters were varied to obtain different surface features. Main results showed that the decrease of porosity led to friction reduction. Furthermore, surfaces with reduced dimensions pores (sintered at 800 oC) improved tribological performance compared to NP material in harsh conditions (SRR 120%) and in similar specific film thickness range (see Figure 1). Figure 1 – COF x measured specific film thickness (Λ) for non-porous (NP-reference material) and porous (sintered balls) using SRR 5% and 120%. 800, 900 and 1000 oC are the sintering temperatures. The volume fraction of porous decreased with the increase of temperature. The study has contributed to evaluating and understanding how random micro-irregularities (surface features) could change lubricated conditions. This work will also support the exploration of the use of sintering in large-scale manufacturing processes, aimed at reducing production costs, which will be beneficial to the economy. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors recognize the Funding Agency for Research in São Paulo State, Brazil (FAPESP) and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Brazil (CNPq) for their generous financial support and also to Imperial College (UK). REFERENCES [1] C. Gachot, A. Rosenkranz, S.M. Hsu, H.L. Costa, "A Critical Assessment of Surface Texturing for Friction and Wear Improvement," Wear, 372–373 (2017), pp. 21–41, doi:10.1016/j.wear.2016.11.020. [2] J. Guegan, A. Kadiric, H. Spikes, "A Study of the Lubrication of EHL Point Contact in the Presence of Longitudinal Roughness," Tribol. Lett. 59 (2015), pp. 1–18, doi:10.1007/s11249-015-0549-7.


AbstractMicrowave-deicing technology is a clean and efficient method, but due to the inefficient microwave absorptivity of pavement materials, this technology is difficult to apply in large-scale a...


The Indian state made coherent attempts for effective decentralisation of forest governance, with the initiatives of the Joint Forest Management (JFM) way back in 1988. However, this kind of decentralisation has resulted in a plethora of conflicts over the issues of devolution of powers and responsibilities to the communities. Local communities' dissatisfaction and discontentment with the exclusionary model of forest conservation has manifested itself in ways that have been detrimental to the forest resources.뀀ഀȠIn that context, the newly implemented Scheduled Tribes and the Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of the Forest Rights) Act 2006, popularly known as the Forest Rights Act (FRA) 2006 is seen by many as a saviour of forest dwelling communities which is hailed as a historic endeavour to 'undo' the wrongs committed against them, providing rights to land and resources within the forests. This paper looks at various issues with regard to the implementation of the FRA 2006 in the forest villages of Assam, a state in northeast India. No doubt that the Act has a sensitive approach and a broader framework for recognising the long denied rights of the forest dwelling communities in India. However, certain definitional problems in the Act have raised questions and concerns about its prospects in the state. The paper also makes an attempt to address the broader issues of land, forest and livelihood in the forest villages of Assam.


To evaluate the role of transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) in the diagnosis of acute bacterial prostatitis (ABP) and to analyse the possible relationship between sonographic findings and clinical presentation and evolution, a prospective study using TRUS in patients with ABP was conducted. 45 patients (aged 58.2±14.6 y; mean±SD) with a clinical diagnosis of ABP admitted to a university hospital were studied prospectively. Clinical, analytical and microbiological data were recorded. TRUS was performed on admission and after 1 month of antibiotic therapy. Findings were correlated with clinical and evolutive data. The mean prostatic volume on admission was 40.5±17.9 ml. 21 patients (46.6%) had sonographically demonstrable lesions in peripheral prostatic lobules. One month later, when treatment had ended, lesions had disappeared or improved in 61.1% of patients, and the mean prostatic volume was 24.3±10.5 ml (p<0.0005). Clinical, analytical and microbiological data and evolution of ABP were not significantly different in patients with or without sonographically demonstrable lesions. TRUS does not need to be performed in every patient with suspicion of ABP; the only indication for TRUS in ABP is the exclusion of prostatic abscess.


This study was conducted to compare the effects of thermal stress on growth performance and some immunity variables of broiler chickens. Birds were randomly assigned to one of three thermal treatments as follows: cold stress (CS, 12±1°C), (b) heat stress (HS, 33±3 °C) and (c) thermoneutral (TN, 24±2 °C). Body weight gain (BWG), feed intake (FI), water intake (WI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were recorded. In order to evaluate the primary and secondary humoral immune responses, two birds per replicate were intravenously administrated with a suspension of 7% sheep red blood cell (SRBC) at 28 and 35 days. The heat-stressed broiler chickens had lower FI (-14.90%), BWG (-25.71%) and higher FCR (+13.06%) in comparison to broiler chickens reared under TN condition (p<0.001) from 1 to 42 days of age. The cold-stressed broiler chickens showed lower FI (-22.05%), BWG (-38.32%) and higher FCR (+22.47%) in comparison to birds reared under TN conditions (p<0.001). Stressed birds (CS and HS) showed decreased antibody titer against SRBC, lymphocyte count and the relative weights of lymphoid organs and increased heterophil count, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio and the serum concentration of corticosterone, in comparison to birds in TN group (p<0.001). In conclusion, HS and CS conditions have similar negative effects on performance and immunity of broiler chickens.


The article examines how "culture in rural areas" is conceptualized by cultural policy and cultural actors and which potentials of valorization are attributed to it. In doing so, I highlight the tensions that become evident in talking about arts and culture in rural areas and how these affect funding policies and self-perceptions of cultural actors. The effect of a distinction-oriented cultural dispositive is elaborated and its interaction with structures of cultural policy is presented. Finally I reflect on the effect of scholarly contributions in an application-oriented way to the debate on the value of arts and culture with a plea for a broad concept of culture.


Hawaiite which distributed in Sanjideungdae of Sarabong cinder cone and Biseokgeori area in northern part of Jeju island, contains phenocrysts of titanium-rich hornblende (kaersutite) and plagioclase with microphenocrysts of olivine, pyroxene and very small amounts of K-feldspar lath and apatite. Kaersutite is mostly euhedral or subhedral phenocrysts having opaque reaction rim. And kaersutite in Sanjideungdae area completely replaced to opaque minerals showing pseudomorph. Also it may be seen partly replacement of pyroxene by kaersutire as reaction rim. It is considered that hydration reaction had occurred with fluids. The crystallization pressure of kaersutite using pressure- geobarometer is approximately 6.3 kb in Sanjideungdae area and 4.9 kb in Biseokgeori area, respectively. As a result, fluid injection to magma and crystallization of kaersutite of Sanjideungdae hawaiite is deeper than that of Biseokgeori hawaiite, and it was growed to phenocrysts through crystallization. It is estimated that kaersutite of Biseokgeori hawaiite originated from crystallization from the host magma, based on the euhedral nature of the phenocrysts and on the presence of apatite inclusions.


Microbes are an integral part of all earth particles and contribute to soil and plant health. Microorganisms have the
ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen, solubilize and mobilize phosphorus, produce antibiotics and disease suppressing
molecules. Owing to these properties, they are used in agriculture as biofertilizers and bio pesticides. They are also
important in the treatment of solid waste and sewage. They clean up the environment by degradation of several
pollutants like pesticides, hydrocarbons, dyes and paints. They also help in the enhanced recovery of oil and metals
from low grade ores or aqueous streams. This article focuses on presenting a brief analysis of some of the best
known microbes that are helpful to the soil and agriculture and describes methods for incubating them in
laboratories. This work collects the aspects of different studies and compiles them to make a simple, general report
on the beneficiary activities of the microbes specialized to the field of agriculture. The major goal of studying about
these microbes is to help the farmers and other agricultural professionals to adapt themselves and increase the yield
without degrading the soil nutrients.


Recent advances of transformers have brought new trust to computer vision tasks. However, on small dataset, transformers is hard to train and have lower performance compared to convolutional neural networks. We make vision transformers as data efficient as convolutional neural networks by introducing focal attention. Inspired by the local attention networks, we constrained the self-attention of ViT to have multi-scale localized receptive field. We provide empirical evidence that proper constrain of receptive field reduce the amount of training data for vision transformers. Our best model reaches 83.16% accuracy when training from scratch on CIFAR-100 which is a significant improvement in data efficiency over the previous transformer. We also perform analysis on ImageNet to show our method does not lose accuracy on large datasets.


In this paper, we revisit the classical mechanism to produce [Formula: see text]-dimensional spacetimes via Kaluza–Klein compactification. We made the assumption that the [Formula: see text]-dimensional bulk geometry [Formula: see text] admits a Homothetic Vector Field (HVF) [Formula: see text] relaxing the existence of a zero i.e. [Formula: see text] holds on [Formula: see text] and the homothetic bivector [Formula: see text]. Under these circumstances, we identify the origin of a positive cosmological constant in the [Formula: see text]-dimensional spacetime as the homothetic factor representing a geometrical artifact of late time state of the [Formula: see text]-dimensional bulk spacetime.


The composition of multi-element thin films deposited by magnetron sputtering of a compound target may significantly differ from the target composition. Differences in the sputter emission characteristics (angle and energy distributions) and transport of the sputtered species through the gas phase for different elements were shown to be responsible for this phenomenon (Neidhardt et al 2008 J. Appl. Phys. 104 063304). The evolution of the composition of Cr–Al–C thin films deposited by magnetron sputtering of a compound target is investigated as a function of the deposition pressure. The pressure was varied from 0.2 to 3.0 Pa, corresponding to a pressure–distance product range 1.4–21.0 Pa cm. Additionally, the influence of the angle between the target normal and the line between the target and the substrate on the composition is investigated in the range 0°–67.5°. Good agreement between the experimental data and an extended Monte Carlo model based on dynamic (TRIDYN) and static transport of ions in matter (TRIM) simulations is observed for a ternary compound target with a mass ratio of the target constituents of up to 4.3. Furthermore, the influence of the surface binding energies (SBEs) of the target constituents on the thin-film composition is discussed. The simulations indicate that scattering within the collision cascades in a compound target rather than the SBEs determine the character of the angular distribution functions of the sputtered species and, consequently, the thin-film composition. The extended Monte Carlo model employed here predicts variations in composition between the compound target and the as-deposited thin films as the pressure–distance product and the angular orientation of the film with respect to the substrate are varied.


Summary: A case is reported of the velamentous insertion of the umbilical cord into the membranes of the placenta, unsuspected until delivery, in an in vitro fertilization pregnancy. Abnormal placental development adds a new dimension of risk to these pregnancies.


The doctrine of the equality of states has undergone gradual modifications, especially in more recent times—since the establishment of the League of Nations. The great Powers have probably at all times dominated the political scene, particularly during the nineteenth century. But since there existed no international organization, this predominance did not express itself in legal, but only in political terms, although it may at times have assumed a quasilegal status, such as in regard to the lawmaking provisions of various treaties of the nineteenth century, sponsored mainly by the great Powers, which acquired the character of general international law. It was only when international organizations were established, based on legal principles, that the dominant position of the great Powers received legal sanction.


The present study aimed at characterizing a long term experimental rabbit alkali wound healing model. The original purpose was to find how healing in the different layers influenced the other layers and to have a fine tuned quantitative repair model that could be used for therapeutic trials. From preliminary experiments it was found that the wound size and intensity should be chosen neither to cause melting or perforation, nor to cause vascular ingrowth or rapid spontaneous healing. The repair process was followed separately for each of the three layers, epithelium, stroma, and endothelium, by applying different quantitative methods for each layer. The monkey corneas were used for a comparison with the rabbit corneas. On the basis of current pathophysiological understanding in the corneal alkali wound healing, two possible therapeutic substances were tested on the rabbit model. Furthermore, an in vitro rabbit corneal alkali wound model was characterized to improve the resolution in quantification of therapeutic trials mainly aimed at the endothelium.


Current m-learning media are available in both native application and web-based application forms which create different user experience. Also, as the learners generally have diverse preferences and needs, a single style of m-learning may not meet such requirements. In order to formulate better and more attractive interaction between the learner and m-learning system, this study introduces augmented reality (AR) to both native and web applications as a means to improve captivation and create new user experience. A single group of learners is selected to try both types of application. The researcher groups the learner by learning style, using Felder-Silverman Learning Style Model, and then determines effectiveness of both forms of m-learning through an experiment. Experiment showed that all 4 learner groups were more satisfied with AR-enhanced native application based on user experience design due to its attractiveness and entertainment.


How do industry structures and other institutional arrangements affect growth and innovation in the New Zealand agricultural sector? Put another way how can those structures and arrangements be improved to better facilitate growth and innovation in the New Zealand agricultural sector? Addressing such questions is the ambitious aim of this report.


We disprove a conjecture of Petrovic (Graphs $\&$ Combinatorics, 2019) on 4-kings in bipartite hypertournaments and provide a sufficient condition for the conclusion of the conjecture to hold.


Abstract in Undetermined
In this paper, the agricultural status in Syria regarding virtual water flow is presented. Crop patterns, area, yield, and water consumption in agriculture are discussed. The historical change in crop pattern and the cultivated land is analyzed. The embedded water in different crops and the virtual water flow due to agriculture products were estimated. It was found that the annual imported and exported virtual water from agricultural products are about 14580 and 1790 Million Cubic Meters (MCM), respectively. The economic analysis shows that citrus, tomatoes, and potatoes have high values of gross profit to water use ratio GP/WU, while sugar beet and cotton have low values.


Abstract. This study aimed to analyze the influence of investment opportunities, leverage on the dividend policy and the value of the company on the companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Variables used in this research is an investment opportunity, leverage, dividend policy and the value of the company. The population used in this study are manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange 2008-2012 period. The samples in this study using purposive sampling with a sample of 170 manufacturing firms. Based on pre-defined criteria, only 34 companies were eligible to be sampled. Statistical analyzes were used to examine the effect of investment opportunities, leverage on the dividend policy and the value of the company is the analysis of pathways that can explain the relationship between the variables, both directly and indirectly. The results of this study indicate that the investment opportunity to have a direct influence on the value of the company, but the investment opportunities through dividend policy has no effect on firm value. Leverage does not have a direct effect on firm value, but leverage through dividend policy has no effect on firm value. Dividend policy has no direct effect on firm value. Keywords: investment opportunities, leverage, dividend policy and the value of the company.


As follows from Gott's discovery, a pair of straight string-like singularities moving in opposite directions, when they have suitable speed and impact parameter, produce closed timelike curves. I argue in this paper that there always is a not-so-frightening alternative: the Universe may prefer to produce a certain (surprisingly simple and absolutely mild) singularity instead.


This paper summarizes the outcomes of research performed under REORIENT project, which the European Commission awarded to a consortium of seven European and American research institutions under the 6 Research Framework. The overall objective of the project was 1) to identify and develop new business concepts for trans-European rail freight transport that will make rail conveyance more competitive that truck, and 2) to assess the extent to which the EC rail liberalization legislation contributed to transfer of freight from roads to rail.


Background: The female genital tract includes the uterine corpus, cervix, fallopian tubes and ovaries. Women worldwide suffer from gynaecologic and obstetric disorders that require hysterectomy as a treatment option. Hysterectomy is a definite treatment of pelvic pathology including fibroid, abnormal heavy bleeding, chronic pelvic pain, endometriosis, adenomyosis, uterine prolapse, pelvic inflammatory disease and cancer of reproductive organs. Hysterectomy specimens contribute a major component of histopathological work in Pathology laboratories.
Methods: This is a prospective study carried out in the Department of Pathology, SPMC, Bikaner for two years from October 2018 to September 2020. All surgically excised hysterectomy specimens received by the department during study period were included in the study. Tissues were fixed and processed as per departmental protocols. Pieces taken from ectocervix, endocervix, uterine canal and fundus. Pieces also taken from any abnormal area. Tissue bits routinely processed 3 to 6 micron thick sections made from paraffin embedded blocks and were stained with H&E stain.  Special stains will be done whenever necessary.
Results: We included a total of 148 cases of hysterectomies received to our department during the study period in our study. Of total 148 cases, 87.83% hysterectomies were abdominal and 12.16% were vaginal and TAHBSO was the commonest procedure. In myometrium the most common finding was leiomyoma and adenomyosis with 79.73% and 43.92% cases respectively. In cervix, most cases were inflammatory lesions with chronic nonspecific cervicitis was the most common histopathological finding. Two cases (1.37%) of carcinoma cervix were reported.
Conclusions: Most of the cases which underwent hysterectomy were for symptomatic untreatable benign conditions and few for malignancies. Majority of the cases were histopathologically consistent with clinical diagnosis. Histopathological examination and its correlative study with preoperative clinical diagnosis is very important. Thus, histopathological examination is still the gold standard test to diagnose and rule out malignancy and must be compulsory for all the surgical specimens.
Keywords: Hysterectomy, Uterocervix, Pathology


Depletion mode insulated gate AlGaN/GaN power switching HEMTs were evaluated for stability under heavy-ion irradation. Experiments were performed for different types of heavy-ion species, values of gate bias, drain bias, and device geometry. For the insulated gate AlGaN/GaN devices, an as-of-yet unobserved single-event occurred, which we have termed single-event switching (SES). These SES events occurred next to previously observed single-event gate rupture (SEGR) events. It was found that the SES events were gate leakage dependent and stopped occurring above a certain threshold value of gate leakage. Statistical analysis showed that the cross section for single SES events exhibited a lognormal distribution with a median value close to the gate area, and the capture cross section exhibited a slight voltage dependence. The gate leakage after irradiation, on the other hand, was exponentially distributed and was strongly voltage and geometry dependent, indicating an electric field dependency.


The comprehensive bio-engineering specialty experiment is composed of antibiotic experiment system and enzyme preparation experiment system. The experiment,which has strong comprehensiveness,including many design contents from the students themselves,is closely related to the actual production process,and it is the typical representative of promotion of teaching through scientific research. The significance of comprehensive bio-engineering specialty experiment is set forth and it is introduced that when the experiment begins and how to assess the grade.


Bismuth vanadate is a promising photoanode material for photoelectrochemical water splitting due to its relative stability, low cost, and nontoxic properties. However, its performance is limited by the large bandgap (Eg) of 2.4 eV, and the record photocurrent is already within 90% of its theoretical limit. Further photocurrent enhancement could only be obtained by increasing its optical absorption, for example, by reducing Eg. Herein, sulfur‐incorporated bismuth vanadate (S‐BiVO4) thin films are synthesized via spray pyrolysis combined with post‐treatment in hydrogen sulfide environment. Under optimal H2S treatment conditions, sulfur can be incorporated successfully into the BiVO4 lattice, without the formation of any secondary phases. The use of reactive H2S, instead of solid sulfur powders, allows us to decrease the required annealing temperature and increase the kinetics for sulfur incorporation into BiVO4. The Eg of the resulting S‐BiVO4 films is decreased by >200 meV (vs. pristine BiVO4), which theoretically corresponds to a 20% increase in the theoretical photocurrent limit. Finally, the stability limitation of S‐BiVO4 is overcome by introducing pulsed‐laser‐deposited NiOx protection layers. The modified S‐BiVO4/ NiOx film exhibits higher photocurrent density with no reduction of photocurrent during the 9 h stability test with AM1.5 illumination.


View of the current AFC,descried of the main applications of the phenomenon and defects about the lower scraping module at home and abroad,designed of a new type upper scraping module.Descried the control about the module hardware and software design based on LPC2214(ARM7) from the designing ideas and methods;proceeded on the difficult control from the upper scraping module,through the clever design of Hooke's Law,selected the spring,through the error analysis,so that supplied a stable ticket of the upper scraping module to barrels of storaging.


International Private law, in its process of development, on the one hand, emphasizing the necessity and importance of application of law, on the other hand, it enacts a series of regulations in excluding the application of foreign law, such as Renvoi, Evasion of law, Public order, and Ascer tainment of foreign law, etc. Actually, these two views are not mutually exclusive. This article, on the foundation of analysizing these two contradictory and contrasting aspects, reachs a conclusion, that is, they are Unity of opposites, their common ground is the interest of sovereign state. In any case, one court merely uphold the stand of its motherland of application of law or excluding foreign law and make a final selection. Furthermore, we puts forward some suggestion in dealing with such a pair of contradictions.


Voltammetric measurements of dissolved surface-active substances in aqueous solutions, as specific commercial detergents, are described in the present paper. Two voltammetric methods based on the adsorption phenomena at mercury electrode/aqueous solution interface were performed in order to obtain the analytical signal for the detergent analysis. The first method was direct current polarography (DC), based on the suppression of polarographic maxima of mercury (II) and the second method was the alternative-current polarography (AC)-the tensammetric method. Both methods are very sensitive, allowing to determine the traces of surface active substances in aquatic media, but the tensammetric method has the advantage to be easier to carry out for surfactants determinations. In order to evaluate the content of surfactants in the analysed water samples, the TRITON-X-100 equivalent values obtained have been correlated with the concentration of the detergents in water samples. Both proposed methods allow to determine the content of the surfactants in very low concentration and have been applied on real water samples.


Since the end of the second world war, Europe has been searching for its unity. Integration has taken place in virtually all areas of life even though very unevenly, and sometimes with ambiguous results. The aims of European unification, the form this should take and the philosophical basis of future European society are the subject of much disagreement. This article outlines an approach to these questionsthat of personalism-many of whose concepts find their practical expression in the proposals of what in Europe are known as the "integral" federalists.


1050 Background: Taselisib (T) is an oral, potent, selective inhibitor of Class I PI3-kinase with enhanced activity against PIK3CA mutant cancer cells. Results from the LORELEI trial have demonstrated a significant improvement in ORR (objective response rate) by centrally assessed magnetic resonance imaging in all randomized patients as well as in the PIK3CA mutant (MT) cohort treated with neoadjuvant T plus letrozole (L) compared to placebo (P) plus L. Here we present the results of exploratory analyses of selected pathway-related phosphoproteins. Methods: Baseline (BL) and week3 (W3) tumor biopsies were obtained from 334 patients enrolled in the trial. Phosphoproteins (pAKT, pPRAS40 and pS6) were analyzed by IHC. BL levels as well as changes from BL to W3 were correlated with response assessed either by ORR or cell cycle arrest (Ki67 at W3 < 2.7%). Results: In the overall population, BL phosphoproteins levels were similar between the T and P arms. Higher pAKT (p < 0.001) and pPRAS40 (p = 0.004) levels were observed in MT vs wild-type (WT), whereas the opposite result was found for pS6 (p = 0.03). Treatment-induced absolute changes of phosphoproteins adjusted for BL levels were not significantly different between the T and P arms in the overall population, except for pPRAS40 with higher decrease in the T arm (p = 0.014). After stratification for PIK3CA genotype, a significantly greater decrease in expression levels was observed for pPRAS40 (p < 0.001) and pS6 (p = 0.020) in MT tumors treated with T. The treatment effects were not significantly different in the WT population. A trend for an association between decrease in pS6 levels at W3 and improved ORR was observed in the MT (p = 0.08) and T (p = 0.09) subgroups. The magnitude of pS6 suppression at W3 was higher in tumors achieving a cell cycle arrest in the MT/T subgroup (biserial correlation = -0.473). Conclusions: Exploratory analyses of phosphoproteins showed bioactivity of taselisib as indicated by downstream pathway suppression. Translational research aiming to integrate these results with additional exploratory biomarkers data is currently ongoing. Clinical trial information: NCT02273973.


Islamic law as a sum total of juristic views believed and practiced by Muslims, by and large, is locked in interpretations made by legal scholars of the medieval ages. To relate it to contemporary needs of the Ummah, Muslim thinkers have been entangled with the question of its renewal for the past two centuries. In this pursuit, the thorniest question has surrounded the methodology of accomplishing such a renewal. This has given rise to three main trends, namely traditionalist, liberal and middle of the road approaches to the renewal of Islamic law. This paper, however, argues that rejuvenating Muslim religious law requires a synthetic method rather than a bigoted exclusivist approach as advocated by the proponents of renewal in our time.


Many smartphone operating systems implement strong sandboxing for 3rd party application software. As part of this sandboxing, they feature a permission system, which conveys to users what sensitive resources an application will access and allows users to grant or deny permission to access those resources. In this paper we survey the permission systems of several popular smartphone operating systems and taxonomize them by the amount of control they give users, the amount of information they convey to users and the level of interactivity they require from users. We discuss the problem of permission overdeclaration and devise a set of goals that security researchers should aim for, as well as propose directions through which we hope the research community can attain those goals.


Elder abuse is often the result of the organisation of health systems rather than the fault of individuals, argue Yuliya Mysyuk and colleagues. They call for system abuse to be acknowledged and addressed by incorporating older people's views when designing health services


Review-essay of:

ISMAIL, Salwa, The Rule of Violence: Subjectivity, Memory and Government in Syria, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2018, 225 pp. ISBN 978-1-107-69860-4.
POLESE, Abel y HANAU SANTINI, Ruth (eds.), Rethinking Statehood in the Middle East and North Africa: Security, Sovereignty and New Political Orders, Routledge, Oxon, 2019, 248 pp. ISBN 978-0367180881.


Due to their exponential complexity, designing adaptation control for Reconfigurable Systems-on-Chip (RSoC) is becoming one of the most challenging tasks, resulting in longer design cycles and increased time-to-market. This paper addresses this issue and proposes a novel adaptation control design approach for FPGA-based reconfigurable systems aiming to increase design productivity. This approach combines control distribution and high-level modeling in order to decrease design complexity and enhance design reuse and scalability. Control distribution is based on allocating local control aspects (monitoring, decision and reconfiguration) to distributed controllers, while respecting global system constraints/objectives using a coordinator. High-level modeling makes use of Model-Driven Engineering and the MARTE (Modeling and Analysis of Real-Time and Embedded Systems) standard in order to move from high level models to automatic code generation, which significantly simplifies the control design. The proposed design approach is integrated in a model-driven RSoC design flow and allows to model adaptation aspects at different design levels: application, architecture, allocation and deployment, which allows to target a wide range of control requirements. In order to validate our approach, a video processing application was implemented on a reconfigurable system that contained four distributed hardware controllers.


Research Spotlight on \\"Does Machine Translation Affect International Trade? Evidence from a Large Digital Platform.\\" Erik Brynjolfsson, Xiang Hui, and Meng Liu. National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper No. 24917, August 2018.


The multiplication of a variable by multiple constants, i.e., the multiple constant multiplications (MCM), has been a central operation and performance bottleneck in many applications, such as finite impulse response (FIR) filters and linear transforms. Although low-complexity high-performance multiplier architectures have been proposed for the constant multiplications, the area and delay optimization of the MCM operation has often been accomplished by synthesizing the constant multiplications using only addition/subtraction and shifting operations in the shift-adds architecture. To obtain further reductions in area, delay, and power consumption in the shift-adds design of the MCM operation, efficient high-level algorithms have also been proposed. In this paper, we introduce a computer-aided design tool for the synthesis of low-complexity digital FIR filters that includes both high and low level synthesis phases. In the high-level synthesis phase, the MCM operation is optimized in terms of high-level area and delay parameters and the digital FIR filter with the optimized MCM operation is implemented at gate-level in the low-level synthesis phase. It is observed from the experimental results that the design of the MCM operation in shifts-add architecture with the use of high-level algorithms achieves significant area improvements on filter implementations with respect to designs whose MCM operations are implemented in array multiplier architecture.


Objective To detect the level of adult serum total bilirubin (TBil) and uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT)1A1 gene mutations in people with different level of TBil,and try to improve gene UGT1A1 mutation library.Methods A total of 209 health check-up individuals were enrolled.Phenobarbital responsive enhancer module (PBREM) region,promoter region (TATA box) and the five exons of UGT1A1 of them were tested,chi-square was for rate comparison of count data.Results There were totally 11 polymorphic loci of gene UGT1A1 possibly associated with the elevated level of serum TBil detected.And there were three common variants with the detection rate more than 10% in general population,which was PBREM variant (c.-3275T>G),promoter TATA box duplication mutation (A (TA)7TAA) and p.G71R (c.211G>A).When TBil fluctuated within the normal range,all the detection rates of PBREM variant,promoter TATA box duplication mutation and p.G71R were high and kept certain level.The average detection rate of the three variants in normal population was up to 26.7 %,9.1 % and 15.7 %,respectively.Conclusions There is a certain mutation rate in elevated TBil associated with gene UGT1A1 in healthy people.The mutations of c.-3275T>G,A (TA)7 TAA and c.211G>A are the three common polymorphic loci of gene UGT1A1 in Shanghai area.

Key words:
Hyperbilirubinemia;  Polymorphism, genetic;  Mutation;  Gilbert syndrome;  UGT


Sprintdev an enterprise based in Kota Bharu, Kelantan specializing in housing constructing industry is facing problem. It has been recognized that the key issue of this case study is family business succession planning. Business succession is important to all family business to ensure business continuity and wealth can be handed down to next generation.


Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the incidence of inferior alveolar sensory deficits, its association with various intraoperative nerve encounter status and the possible outcome of neurosensory deficits (NSDs) of the bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) advancement, and setback procedures. Materials and Methods: This was an observational study among the oral and maxillofacial surgeons of south India who had expertise in the field of orthognathic surgery. A self-administered questionnaire (SAQ) with closed-ended answers was prepared using Google Forms (Google Inc.), pretested, and was sent to the prospective participants selected by convenience sampling through various social media outlets. A total of 1600 participants were included, and the sample size was estimated by the formula = 4pq/d2 and assessed 800 cases each of BSSO setback and advancement surgeries. Since the study focused on the NSD of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) post-BSSO, the advancement procedures, setback procedures, and various nerve encounter statuses were considered the variables. All the study procedures were performed as per the ethical guidelines laid down by the Declaration of Helsinki (October 2013) after approval by the Institutions Human Ethics Committee (IHEC), Rajah Muthiah Medical College, Annamalai University. Results: Chi-squared test was used to assess the qualitative variables. The incidence of NSDs was 17.7% in the setback cases and with respect to advancement, the NSD was 15.1%, P < 0.08 indicating no statistically significant difference. When comparing the independent nerve encounter status and NSDs between the groups, the cases where the nerve got transected post osteotomy, necessitating repair as well as those needing dissection due to its presence in the proximal fragment presented with a higher incidence of NSDs which was clinically and statistically significant, P < 0.001. Conclusion: No significant difference was observed in the NSD after mandibular sagittal split advancement and setback procedures. The status of the IAN intraoperatively can influence the incidence of postoperative prolonged IAN NSDs.


Fluorocarbon-containing hydrophobically associating polymers have been synthesized by copolymerization of acrylic acid with a small amount of C8 fluorocarbon-containing methacrylate. The associatio...


The present paper analysed TiO 2 nanophotocatalytic degradation of volantile organic compounds including gaseous trichoroethylene(TCE),methanol and toluene.Variable parameters were initial concerntration of VOCs,water vapor content,temperature and photon flux of ultra_violet(UV)light.The photocatalytic degradation rate increased with increasing the initial concentration of VOCs and photon flux,decreasing with increasing water vaper.It matched well with the L-H kinetic model.


Immobilization of tannase from Aspergillus heteromorphus was studied on DEAE-Sephadex A-50, Chitin and Ca-alginate. Among the three methods studied, DEAE-Sephadex A-50 was observed the best support to immobilize A. heteromorphus tannase with 91.5% immobilization. On the other hand Ca-alginate and Chitin supported 79.3% and 34.5% immobilization, respectively. When the immobilized enzyme was studied for its repeated use, a constant decline in the enzyme activity was observed. However, at the end of seventh cycle, operational stability of the immobilized enzyme was 88 %, 61.7 % and 55.7 % for Chitin, Ca-alginate and DEAE-Cellulose, respectively.


Cytosine-rich oligodeoxynucleotides (C-rich ODNs) play diverse roles in the regulation of protein expression at both transcriptional and translational levels. A repetitive C sequence can be responsible for some diseases. It is commonly known that C-rich ODNs form the stable i-motif structure, interesting due to a crucial role in the process of genetic information transfer. The aim of this contribution is to find out the relationship between the structure of homo-ODNs in buffered solutions with the same ionic strength (I = 0.18 M) but with a different number of cytosines (dCx; x = 3, 4, 5, 6, 9). Using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) and elimination voltammetry with linear scan (EVLS), electrochemical reduction signals studied on a mercury electrode reflect the conformation changes of the C-rich ODN chain.


After human-based scientific development outlook was pointed out, the Fourth Plenary Session of 16th CCCPC made the important policy of enhancing ruling ability construction of the Party. Human-based ideological idea and enhancing ruling ability construction of the Party are the important strategy in new century which has high unitarity .


In the first part of chapter 1, I examined the fight of Goguryo and Baekje to occupy areas from the opposite sides of former territories of Nakrang and Daebang described in Samguksagi (『三國史記』) and Jinseo(『晋書』). In this paper, I noticed King Geunchogo's title called 'Leader of Nakrang area'(領樂浪太守), which has not been discussed but has always been in doubt Baekje, which won the former territory fight of Daebang in 369, had another victory for the former territory fight of Nakrang in 371 and had occupied this area for some period as well. In this regard, I examined the possibility that Baekje had played a role of Daebang and Nakrang before being expelled from the Korean Peninsula. In the second part of Chapter 1, I found that Beakje's victory against Goguryo in this former territory fight resulted from its successful diplomatic negotiations with other countries. Especially, amicable relations with Gaya were found in King Seong's remoirs: "At the rule of my ancestor kings Sokgo and Guisu, we dispatched our diplomats to Anra, Gara, and Taksun for the first time, communicated and cultivated friendship each other. We hoped to make perpetual prosperity through fellowship." I took note the listed order to mention Anra, Gara and Taksun. Accordingly, I postulated that Baekje might make relationship with Gara on the listed order. Baekje established the friendly relation with Taksun before July 364. Therefore, Baekje set up the amicable relations in the order of Anra, Gara, and Taksun. In Chapter 2, I gave a general description to the existing history of the inscription of Seven-pronged Sword and linked the relations between Baekje and Wae to the literary historical materials such as NihonShoki(『日本書紀』). I tried to examine the reason that King Geunchogo of Baekje sent the Seven-pronged Sword to Wae in 372. At that year, Baekje had officially secured the dominion over 'Nakrang' and hoped to revive the role of Nakrang and Daebang before being expelled by Goguryo. Through its advanced cultures such as Seven-pronged Sword, Baekje tried to bring Wae to its side. On the other hand, Baekje might try to engage Wae by means of Seven-pronged Sword to conclude the diplomatic negotiation for checking the expansion of Goguryo. Finally Baekje succeeded in the relationship with Wae and besieging Goguryo in a semicircle. In Chapter 3, I examined the Gaya-Baekje-Wae Alliance made before 372 more concretely by comparison of literary historical materials and the inscription of Seven-pronged Sword. Baekeje's 'Conquer of Seven Gayas' was only a process to promote mutual amity between Baekje and Gaya, and the phrse of Nihonshoki "Baekje is the west subordinate state of Wae" was not true in light of the inscription of Seven-pronged Sword, but Baekje took active measures to take Wae to its side. The Gaya-Baekje-Wae Alliance in the late 4th century had been collapsed with face of the 'Southward Conquer' of Goguryo. I note that Gaya withdrew the alliance and triggered the reorganization of social and political situations in the Korean Peninsula from the early 5th century.


We propose to measure the neutron capture cross-section of the stable isotopes 152 Gd, 154 Gd, 156 Gd, 158 Gd and 160 Gd. This experiment aims at the improvement of existing data of interest for nuclear astrophysics. The measurement will be carried out under similar conditions of previous measurements successfully completed at n TOF with an optimized detection setup: a cutting-edge detector especially designed for accurate (n, ) measurement will be exploited in combination with a series of isotopically enriched samples. Concerning the correction related to isotopic impurities, we count on taking advantage of the result of the measurement on the 155 Gd(n, ) and 157 Gd(n, ), subject of a dierent proposal.


SINCE THE FIRST B O O K M O B I L E honked and wheezed through its backroads circuit in 1903,l the society in which libraries developed, along with the art of locomotion by gasolineengined vehicles, has changed tremendously. While libraries are by far the senior member of this particular combination of social needs and contrived satisfaction, the junior member has changed more rapidly. Mechanical developments in our society have come faster than the changes within libraries to match them. With respect to the bookmobile, its physical form has changed somewhat, but its basic service usefulness has not. Adjustment to itor acceptance of it-has come a long way, however, with considerable evidence that there will be even more widespread use and availability of bookmobiles in the future. Today's bookmobile is a tribute to the combined interest and genius of librarian and vehicle designers and manufacturers. On one not-toolarge unit is found a miniature collection of materials, minimum staff to service these, and a philosophy of service worthy of librarianship. True, the miniature collection is usually no more than that, even though other main resources stand ready to aid and round it out; the staff is not always as professionally capable as might be desired; and the general provision of service is limited both by the vehicle's ability to move and the places it can go. The bookmobile is an adjunct and no more to the services of its parent institution; in fact, as an adjunct it may have its main raison d'etre, going out of use as permanent service centers arise to replace partial facilities. This sketchy rationale is what the field generally has said about bookmobiles and their place in present day library operations. But what is equally true is that librarians have not gone much beyond this level of thinking or operation to prove whether the thesis is


Assessment of change in exercise capacity using the 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) tests has been the primary endpoint in many pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and neuromuscular disorder clinical trials. However, large power losses were observed in the primary endpoint of 6MWD analysis in well-powered placebo-controlled studies. One study is a new drug application (NDA) of drisapersen in 2015. The drisapersen NDA included 3 placebo-controlled studies to demonstrate efficacy for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, a rare progressive neuromuscular disorder that is ultimately fatal for boys at a young age. Change in 6MWD is the primary endpoint. While the two smaller proof-of-concept pilot studies showed consistent treatment differences, the larger and only well-powered placebo-controlled study failed to detect a treatment difference. The statistical power of the pre-planned primary analysis was reduced from the planned 90% to only 53% as a result of the increased standard deviation from the planned 55 meters to the actual 87 meters, based on the parametric model of mixed model repeated measurement (MMRM) assuming normal data distribution.


Abstract The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of extradyadic activity in older adults in four European countries and investigate factors associated with extradyadic sex. Postal questionnaire data were collected in probability samples among populations aged 60–75 years in Norway (N = 1271), Denmark (N = 1045), Belgium (N = 991), and Portugal (N = 509). Across the different countries, 1–4% of participants reported having had their last sexual intercourse with someone other than their regular partner. The multivariate logistic regression analysis for men showed that extradyadic sex was 2.5 times higher for every unit increase in not sharing sexual likes and dislikes with their regular partner, and 1.5 times higher for every unit increase in relationship unhappiness. Extradyadic activity decreased by a factor of 0.71 for every unit increase in the regular partner (not) having had sexual difficulties. Compared to Norwegian men, Belgian men had a 70% lower likelihood of having had extradyadic sex. In women, only one significant association emerged: extradyadic sex was 2.5 times higher for every unit increase in (not) perceiving intimacy with their regular partner.


The present invention relates to a three-layered composite packing film having dehumidification and deodorization functions and a manufacturing method therefor. The three-layered composite packing film: absorbs moisture by using fine pores formed in a resin to maintain the shape thereof so as not to be changed; adsorbs various molecules to use the same as a deodorant; absorbs moisture through the resin to remove ammonia nitrogen components and heavy metals of water through ion exchange; and has antibacterial power thanks to metal ions contained in the resin. The three-layered composite packing film comprises: a layer A that forms the surface of wrapping paper and is formed of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE); a layer B that is formed below the layer A to form an intermediary layer of the wrapping paper and is formed of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE); and a layer C that is located below the layer B to form the inner surface of the wrapping paper that makes direct-contact with contents, and is formed of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), a moisture absorbent, a dispersing agent, and a slip agent. In the case of manufacturing wrapping paper by using the three-layered composite packing film, contents can be prevented from spoiling and can be preserved for a long time even though a dehumidifying agent is not placed in the wrapping paper. In addition, it is possible to prevent, in advance, a problem caused by a dehumidifying agent (silica gel) that is packed together with contents.


ABSTRACT High-quality airborne display benefits pilots of making correct interpretation and operation in time, and avoids from moving body due to the unclear transmission of flight data which may lead to flying risk. A directional modulated light-emitting technology based on airborne display is proposed in this paper which can be used on Diamond DA42 New Generation aircraft. Using the proposed technology, a composite optical film with micro-structure is designed which can realise the redistribution of light intensity according to the viewing demand. A collimated display is introduced to reduce the colour shift. When the optical film is attached on a collimated display, the incident light of small viewing angles can be directionally modulated and concentrated to the large viewing angles which are just effective pilot and co-pilot viewing angles. The calculation results show that the brightness of airborne display on two pilots' viewing angles can be increased by 38.9% and 58.7% respectively after using the proposed technology. Meanwhile, the emergent angles from the collimated display are smaller than both two pilots' viewing angles, so the proposed optical film is beneficial to reduce the colour shift and resulting in a better display quality. Graphical abstract


Abstract 710 Next-generation DNA sequencing is opening new avenues for genetic association studies in complex diseases that, like deep vein thrombosis (DVT), have a strong genetic basis only partially accounted for by currently identified risk variants. Using next-generation DNA sequencing, we resequenced the entire protein-coding area and intron-exon boundaries of ≈200 hemostatic/pro-inflammatory genes (including all coagulation factor and anticoagulant protein genes) in 26 Italian individuals with idiopathic DVT of the lower limbs and 28 age-, gender- and ethnicity-matched healthy controls. In order to enrich for genetic component, DVT patients were selected from a cohort of 730 cases of idiopathic DVT referred to the Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center (Milan, Italy) on the basis of the following criteria: (a) negative for anti-phospholipid autoantibodies, anticoagulant protein deficiencies, factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A, (b) age of onset We produced more than 18 gigabases of raw sequence data to sequence at high depth of coverage (>40X after duplicate read removal) the 700-kilobase target region. A total of 2351 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and 121 short indels were identified. We developed a dedicated software in order to be able to run association analyses in our dataset using PLINK. A plain association analysis was used to compare the frequencies of common SNVs, whereas a gene-based analysis of restricted non-synonymous mutations was used to reveal potential associations of rare variants. Of 626 common SNVs tested for association, 32 SNVs from 13 genes were associated with p Although obtained in a relatively small number of patients and controls, our results illustrate the potential of next-generation sequencing for the discovery of genetic variation predisposing to complex diseases like DVT. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.


Massive industrial data collected from the Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT) assets improve data-driven methods for prognostics and health management (PHM) systems. As an important role in PHM, remaining useful life (RUL) prediction is essential to maintain the reliability and safety of industrial manufacture. However, recent data-driven approaches for bearing RUL prediction do not weight the contributions of data from different sensors and time steps, which decreases the efficiency in the big data era. In this context, we present a deep learning-based RUL prediction method with an attention mechanism to weight sequence data representations. Specifically, the proposed method weights different industrial sensors and time steps, respectively, based on the distributed attention mechanism. Then, temporal convolution modules with the shared weights are used for feature extraction of time series. Finally, the performance of the proposed method is verified using a popular data set C-MAPSS. The experimental results reveal that the proposed method has high accuracy and is efficient in practical applications.