In the paper we proposed a new method for the cardiac pulse wave base lines and peak lines estimation and correction. The proposed method is mainly directed, but not limited, to the Electrical Bio-Impedance (EBI) and Central Aortic Pressure (CAP) signals. However, the method can be extended to other signal kinds and application fields. Definitely, the proposed method can be applied to the PPG signals and blood pressure waveforms measured from different body locations, not only central aortic pressure. The base line correction approach, instead of filtering, is selected due to the physiological peculiarities of the cardiac cycle. The minimum value of a cardiac signal, which is the diastolic blood pressure (minimum pressure in the cardiac cycle), varies much less than the systolic peak value. Thus, in our research work we use the base line correction (subtraction) instead of mean value subtraction (filtering) to get cardiac signal's component. The proposed method is based on combination of the mathematical morphology and on the Hankel matrix. The method does not need separate estimates of peaks and valleys of the waveforms. Moreover, for correctly estimated signal frequency, the proposed method estimates the base line and the peak line as a piecewise lines between signal's minima or maxima. The result is a corrected cardiac signal that does not need additional processing, based on piecewise estimates of the base and peak lines.


PURPOSE
Severe anemias requiring RBC transfusions is a frequent complication of chemotherapy. A model elaborated by Ray-Coquard et al in adults pointed to three independent risk factors for RBC transfusion: performance status (PS) more than 1, hemoglobin less than 12 g/dL, and prechemotherapy absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) < or = 700/microL. This model is tested on a pediatric population.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
One hundred nineteen children with solid tumors consecutively admitted for conventional chemotherapy throughout 1 year were included. The study end point was the RBC-transfusion risk in the month following chemotherapy. Only one course was considered for each patient. Age, sex, number of courses, platinum-containing regimens, PS, and hemoglobin and lymphocyte count at day 1 were tested in univariate and multivariate analyses.

RESULTS
Thirty-one (26%) of 119 children required RBC transfusion within 31 days of chemotherapy. Three factors correlated to transfusion risk in the univariate analysis: PS more than 1 (P <.001), hemoglobin less than 12 g/dL (P =.007), and pretreatment ALC < or = 700/microL (P <.001). In the multivariate analysis, hemoglobin less than 12 g/dL, PS more than 1, and ALC < or = 700/microL were identified as independent factors predicting RBC transfusion. The calculated probability of receiving RBC transfusion within 31 days of chemotherapy was high with three risk factors (96%), intermediate with two risk factors (53% to 77%), low with one risk factor (10% to 26%), and very low when no risk factor was present (2%). The difference of transfusion needs was significant (P <.001).

CONCLUSION
The risk model elaborated for adults may also segregate children at high risk of postchemotherapy RBC transfusion, thus facilitating assessment of risk of transfusion and/or prophylactic erythropoietin support.


AWARENESS ABOUT ICT There is a rapid increase to the awareness of ICT in education settings in the 21st century. Inrecent years, there has been a groundswell of interest on how ICT can be used in the educationalsettings [2]. ICT (information communication technology) gives a vital platform for the learners in the current scenario where they can learn by discovering, exploring new facts about the learning material[3]. Available literature speci ed that Nigerian studentsare aware of the empowering potentials of digitaltechnology. Access to ICT by secondaryschool students helps them to download academicinformation that may not be readily available in theirtextbooks or schools libraries [4]. Many of researchers have investigated the attitude of Students and Faculty regarding ICT awareness.M. J. Philomina and S. Amutha (2016) concluded that science teacher Students and Faculty are more aware about ICT use in teaching as compare to arts teachers. Similarly female teachers won from male teachers in ICT awareness. Beena and Madhu Mathur (2012) found that male students have shown higher awareness as compare to female students for the use of ICT in education [5].


Femtosecond laser ablation of the moly-chrome deposited piston ring and the influence of laser fluence and number of laser pulses on dimple morphology and geometry were analysed. The increase of laser fluence and pulse numbers beyond 8.4 J/cm2 affected the dimple surface by inducing severe cracks due to heat accumulation. Based on the experimental investigation, the ablation threshold for moly-chrome film was found to be 0.36 J/cm2. Textured surface was formed on the moly-chrome film with laser fluence near the ablation threshold and the tribological characteristics were studied. The piston ring surface was textured with dimple diameter of 100 μm and dimple aspect ratio of 0.2. Effect of different dimple area ratios, such as 2%, 16% and 38% were analysed by reciprocating type tribology testing. The textured surface with 16% dimple area ratio showed a reduction in friction compared to the plain and the remaining textured piston rings.


In post-Classical Greek, declarative infinitive clauses (DInf) frequently contain a Perfect Infinitive (Pf. Inf.). According to Mandilaras (1973: p. 329), this is the most common form of DInf in Greek non-literary papyri. On the other hand, Rijksbaron (2006: p. 98) claims that such clauses were uncommon in earlier periods. It has been suggested that the spread of this construction is a result of intensified contacts between speakers of Latin and Greek, which is a hypothesis going back to Harry (1906: p. 69). Focusing on DInf containing the Pf. Inf. ἐσχηκέναι, this paper examines the Latin-contact hypothesis, as well as the hypothesis that the spread of this construction is an independent development of Ancient Greek (AG). It is claimed that the phenomenon can be accounted for in terms of independent development of AG. However, there is also evidence suggesting that some uses of the construction investigated were more acceptable for bilingual authors such as Polybius than for authors that had no significant contact with Latin.


PURPOSE: To provide a rather low price method and an apparatus for measuring a current and cos ϕ of a simplified motor by utilizing a frequency converter. CONSTITUTION: A current can be measured within the power supply of a frequency converter 1 and within a conduction converter branch 7 of the inverter 6 of this frequency converter 1 using measuring resistors Ru, Rv, Rw in a 3-phase asynchronous motor 2 controlled by the frequency converter 1. Thereby, an instantaneous motor current is defined. The information when each branch 7 becomes conductive can be obtained from a closed loop control circuit of the frequency converter 1.


We present high spatial resolution mid-IR images of the nuclear region of Centaurus A. Images were obtained at 8.8 um, N-band (10.5uem), and 18.3um using ...


Foreign publicity is unique in terms of its language and translation/interpretation objectives. Taking the approach of "dynamic equivalence" and "communicative approach" of translation, this paper aims to explore four different translation skills.


Some morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of the probiotic species of lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus reuteri are presented in the work. This species, according to literature sources, were isolated from the normal human microbiota, other members of the class Mammalia, as well as broilers and sourdough. The study of literature and Internet sources identified the importance of using different strains of L. reuteri in modern dietary supplements.Some physiological features of this microorganism in terms of positive effects on the functioning of the human gastrointestinal tract and the formation of immunity were considered. According to processed datait is concluded that there is a necessity for further practical study of L. reuteri as a potential probiotic for the pharmaceutical and food industries.


Abstract INTRODUCTION: Bloodstream infection due to Candida spp. is a primary cause of morbidity and mortality in tertiary hospitals. METHODS: In this retrospective study, we included patients with a positive blood culture for Candida spp. after 48 h of hospitalization. RESULTS A total of 335 patients who had candidemia were included in this study. Risk factors associated with mortality were hospitalization in internal medicine units and surgical clinics, age >60 years, mechanical ventilation, orotracheal intubation, hemodialysis, corticosteroids use, and C. parapsilosis infection. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the importance of health care related to invasive procedures and actions to improve patient immunity.


The food energy, macro‐, and micronutrient intake of 78 boys and 63 girls aged 8 years who have been studied since birth is reported. Nutrient intake was calculated from 4 day weighed records using the CSIRONET data bank based on British tables of food composition.


Abstract We study simultaneous binary collision (SBC) singularities ofLbinaries in the planarN-body problem, 2L≤N. We introduce the generalized Levi-Civita transformation and follow it by a new transformation which we call the projective transformation near a SBC singularity. We use this transformation to show the following near a SBC singularity: (1) In the generalized Levi-Civita variables, near a SBC singularity, the collection of collision and ejection orbits together with the singularity form a real analytic submanifold, which we call the collision–ejection (CE) manifold. (2) Let R c( R e) be the collection of SBC (SBE) orbits in phase space, i.e., in the original variables. Then, both R cand R eare real analytic. (3) Each collision orbit corresponds to a unique ejection orbit. Together, they form a real analytic orbit in the generalized Levi-Civita variables, which we call a collision–ejection orbit. (4) Let C ⊂ R c( E ⊂ R e) be a submanifold of initial conditions that end (start) in a simultaneous binary collision (ejection) singularity. We show that C ( E ) can be chosen to be a real analytic submanifold of codimension 1 in R c( R e), and that the correspondence in item (3) above defines a real analytic section mapping from C to E . (5) Collision and ejection orbits can be collectively analytically continued, i.e., each collision–ejection orbit can be written as a convergent power series int1/3, with coefficients that depend real analytically on the initial conditions in C . (6) SBC orbits ofJ (7) A single binary collision singularity in theN-body problem is real analytic block-regularizable. We also give the asymptotic behaviour of collision and ejection orbits.


Four homologue series of 4-cyano- and 4-nitro-substituted benzoate-tolanes were synthesized and characterized by IR, NMR, MS spectra and elemental analysis. Their phase transition behaviors were investigated by DSC and polarized optical microscope. The effects on the mesomorphic properties of different positions of the perfluorophenyl in the molecular core unit, the terminal cyano-substituted systems and the terminal nitro-substituted ones were discussed.


In a famous essay written more than twenty years ago, Bartolomé Benassar underscored the crucial role played by the 'pedagogy of fear' as a deterrence mechanism privileged by the Inquisition in its struggle against heresy. As Bennassar pointed out, however, the roots of popular fear were not in the edifying and elaborate ceremonies of public punishment exalted by early modern theologians such as Francisco Peña, but in the secrecy surrounding the Holy Office's procedures, the fear of misery resulting from the sequestration of personal property, and the horror of living the rest of one's life in infamy (Benassar 1979, 1987). But if these widespread concerns made fear a useful tool against heterodoxy, they also turned the Holy Office into a source of constant abuses of power, particularly at the hands of familiares and comisarios (commissioners) on both sides of the Atlantic. The instructions given to the inquisitors of Mexico City in 1570 asked them to be especially careful when appointing these officers, a mandate rarely obeyed, and clearly specified the jurisdictional boundaries of these functionaries. In the case of comisarios, for example, it was stipulated that they could conduct investigations and take testimony,


The Taylor series method is one of the earliest analytic‐numeric algorithms for approximate solution of initial value problems for ordinary differential equations. The main idea of the rehabilitation of these algorithms is based on the approximate calculation of higher order derivatives using well‐known technique for the partial differential equations. The implicit extension based on a collocation term added to the explicit truncated Taylor series. This idea is different from the general collocation method construction, which led to the implicit R‐K algorithms [1].


An accurate in situ digestion method was developed for this approach to separate the traces of Pb Mn and Zn from their concomitant in serum samples prior to determination by ETAAS Pd was used as a modi er to stabilize the analyte from decomposition at C Stabilization was much more e ective if the mixture modi er and digested sample were rst pre pyrolyzed on the furnace prior to the atomization Determination of Pb Mn and Zn in serum at a concentration of ppb ppm was performed by this method Percent relative standard deviations for seven replicates in measurements were found to be and respectively The accuracy of technique was established by analyzing standard reference materials The results for determination of the tested elements were within the range of certi ed values


The frequent pattern mining algorithms determine the frequent patterns from a transaction database. When the database is updated, the frequent patterns should be updated as well. However, running the frequent pattern mining algorithms with every update is not adequate. This is called the imperative update problem of frequent patterns and the solution is to formulate an algorithm that can with vitality mine the frequent patterns. In this study, an imperative frequent pattern mining algorithm, which is called Imperative Tabularized Apriori Algorithm (ITAA), is proposed and explained. Performance evaluation is given to prove the proposed work.


A six degrees-of-freedom Dynamic Bearing Model (DBM) was modified to include a novel cage pocket lubrication model. The motion of the cage was determined using the finite difference method to solve for the pressure generation and resultant forces inside of each cage pocket at each time step of the dynamic model. The computational domain of the finite difference model was designed to reflect the specific cage pocket geometry of four common cage designs. Additionally, a bearing cage friction test rig was utilized to characterize the lubrication state inside of each cage. Experiments were performed that reveal the relationship between cage shape, ball speed, and relative ball – cage position. Specifically, information on the occurrence of kinematic starvation, the speed dependent evacuation of oil from a cage pocket, was collected for use as an input condition to the dynamic bearing model. An inverse distance weighting scheme was utilized to predict starvation parameters for a general ball position inside of the cage pocket. Results from the dynamic simulation reveal new knowledge on the effect of cage geometry and lubrication on dynamic behavior. The inclusion of lubrication effects inside of the cage pocket reduces the median contact force between the balls and cage pocket and improves the stability of the predicted cage motion.


Confidence in economics has been dented by the global financial crisis. But what is reasonable to expect of economists? People joke about economists disagreeing, but is it feasible for there to be one best analysis, one best set of predictions and one best policy? There are different theories within the standard, mainstream approach to economics. But there is a shared underlying framework which does presume that, in principle at least, it should be possible to come up with one best set of answers. The implication is that, if the answers were inadequate before the crisis, then a new and better set of answers is required. After the global financial crisis, a more restrained and openminded approach to economics is needed.


The paper presents a short introduction into auditorium acoustics and reports on a few new developments in this field, which are believed to be of great benefit both for the acoustical design of auditoria and for research in practical room acoustics. The first part describes in a rather elementary way the basic facts of sound propagation in enclosures, including the effects of reflections and the role of reverberation. Furthermore, some of the numerous objective parameters are discussed which have been introduced in order to characterize particular aspects of sound fields. In the second part, recently developed methods of sound field simulation are described by which such parameters can be predicted. Methods of "auralization" are briefly discussed by which aural impressions from non-existing halls can be created on the basis of digital sound field simulation.


Polyimide/diamond nanocomposites were prepared using 4,4′-diaminoiphenyl ether and 3,3 ′,4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride. The structure of the polyimide/diamond nanocomposites was characterized by Fourier transform infrared, ultraviolet and transmission electron microscopy. Agglomeration of nano diamond particles is observed in polyimide matrix as revealed by transmission electron microscopy micrographs which is ascribed to the high surface free energy of particles. Both tensile strength and failure strain of polyimide are obviously enhanced with incorporation of nano diamond particles though tensile modulus only shows slight increase. The reinforcing effect of nano diamond on polyimide is discussed. Thermal stabilities of the polyimide/diamond nanocomposites are evaluated using a thermogravimetric analyzer. The thermal stability of nanocomposites is slightly reduced as indicated by a small decrease in onset degradation temperature.


Infection of the gastrointestinal tract are still amongst the most common infections of childhood. Despite improvements in the standard of living over the last fifty years, gastroenteritis still constitutes a sizeable amount of general practitioner consult ations and hospital admissions. Although most infections are mild and self-limiting with the minimum of active treatment, a small proportion require more aggressive management and hospital admission. With the advent of oral rehydration solutions the management of gastroenteritis has become simpler and the complication of hypern atraemic dehydration rare.


Background:Injury to the cavernous portion of the Internal Carotid Artery (ICA) during nasal endoscopic sinus surgery is a rare complication, which is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. ICA is more vulnerable to iatrogenic injury inside the sphenoid lateral wall when it runs in a more medial course which although is uncommon but a normal variant and when the ICA runs only in sphenoid sinus mucosal cover.


Abstract This study is integrated in the field of Dance in Education, focusing on the instrumentalist aspect of art. We focused on creative dance as a catalyst to learn Mathematics' contents. This interdisciplinary work can enhance the learning, as far as the understanding of Mathematics' concepts is achieved through the body and revealed by expressive and creative movement. The main purpose of the investigation, quasi-experimental, was to analyze the impact of creative dance in the learning of Mathematics' concepts in children (7/8 year old) in primary education, in two Portuguese schools. The sample included 8 classes, 117 children in total, of both genders. The intervention has taken place in two groups (experimental group and control group), with four sessions of creative dance in the experimental group. Both groups were assessed on three different occasions (pre-test, post-test and retest). The statistical techniques used for processing the data were the analysis of variance of mixed plans and the Student's t test for paired samples. The conclusions showed that the students who consolidated the knowledge in the creative dance classes, exhibited significant differences in their learning gains in Mathematics, as compared to the control group.


Molecular glass resists are low molecular-weight organic photoresist materials that readily form stable amorphous glasses above room temperature. They can lead to high resolution patterns. New families of ester acetal molecular glass materials have been created by the reaction between monocarboxylic acid and divinyl ethers. These organic materials are monodisperse and amorphous. They can be dissolved in common solvents and possess high thermal stability. The ester acetal compounds can be quickly decomposed at the presence of strong acid generated by photoacid generator (PAG) at room temperature or higher temperature and become easily soluble in dilute aqueous base. They can form positive photoresists together with PAG. The lithographic performance of the resist materials is being evaluated.


Introduction: Despite advances in the management of diabetes, the rate of control of diabetes in the population remains modest. Perception of diabetes control is a key to patient empowerment. The aim of this study was to describe the perception of diabetes control among patient with poorly controlled diabetes.
Materials and method: A cross sectional study was done involving 276 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the out-patient settings. After obtaining an informed consent, the socio-demography and medical history of each patient was recorded. Their most recent available blood investigations were documented. Patients were then asked on their perception of diabetes control whether it was excellent, moderate or poor. Analyses were descriptive and exploratory.
Results: The median age of subjects was 56.0 (48.0,62.0) years old, with a median duration of diabetes of 8 (4,13) years. The median HbA1C was 9.5 (8.3,11.4)% with a fasting blood sugar of 9.7 (7.1,13.8) mmol/L. Despite having poor HbA1C, 28.4% of patients perceived that their diabetes control was excellent; 58.9% perceived moderate� and only 12.7% accurately perceived poor control. The reverse relationship between perception of disease and education may indicate that other factors such as effective communication might need to be considered. The absence of association between perception and duration of diabetes may suggest that information given to patient over the years had poor impact on their understanding of disease control.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that there was presence of discordance between perception of diabetes control and HbA1C. Identifying the discordance between perception of diabetes control and HbA1C should be the first step in delivering a personalized diabetes education for patient.


The invention relates to a device for measuring characteristics of an X-ray beam, comprising two superimposed stages, each stage having a chessboard structure, the first box corresponds to ionization chambers (21, 31) and whose second boxes correspond to pads (22, 32) of an arresting material electrons but not X-rays, the first cells of a floor being opposite the second cells of the other stage.


Professors such as Li Angang make considerable achievements about A Westward Journey to Buddha from the religious and cultural angle which can be regarded as an approach of originality.But it can't deny the works' quality of being novelistic and it can't substitute for the reading and analysis and research of the novel from the sociolgical point of view.Especially it can't mention the theory of the Taoist self cultivation can′t be mentioned togeher with the proletariat's unselfishness.


Subtitle: A continuing strong economy and recovery from the hurricanes are driving purchases. Plus, a pre-buy could develop next year.


In the past decade, the use of cold-formed steel either as structural and non-structural member in Indonesian has been increasing significantly. Unfortunatelly, it is also followed by many structural failures due to the lack of design code applied nationally. The condition forces Indonesian Department of Public Work to construct a design code for the application of cold-formed steel in 2010. In 2012 the committee has succesfully prepared the draft for the code, and now has been validating as a national code (Standar Nasional Indonesia, SNI).
The Indonesian code draft (RSNI) for cold-formed steel is adopted from Australian Standard AS 4600:2005, considering the wide application of this code among Indonesian construction industries. On the other hand, almost Indonesian design code refer to American code such as ACI 318 and ASCE 2010. Therefore Indonesia needs comparison study between both references, RSNI and American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) S100-2007, to check the compatibility and to recommend for the application of RSNI in the next future. The study concentrates only on the sections which are contain dissimilarities and different point of view. Study shows that in general AISI is more conservative than RSNI, and some clauses in RSNI need further adjustment.

Keywords: cold-formed steel, Indonesian cold-formed steel, AISI S100-05.


This article presents an analysis of U.S. national newspaper coverage of the 2015 mass shooting at the Emanuel African Methodist Episcopal Church in Charleston, South Carolina. A two-dimensional measurement scheme of time and space is used to examine media frames. Results suggest that journalists incorporated attributes unique to this tragedy into their reports by using a wide variety of frames that remained relatively consistent throughout the first 30 days of coverage. Compared with the results of studies of similar events, our analysis finds that news coverage of the Charleston shooting was more likely to use the past time frame (36%) and the societal/past combination frame (18%).


Pull-up pre-driver output to the data output driver in accordance with an embodiment of the invention, the pull-up the data to be pulled up in accordance with the driving voltage and the driver mode signal for outputting the at least one pull-up signal; The driving voltage and the output pull-down pre-driver pull-down by the pull-down a data to be pull down data based on the driver mode signal for outputting the at least one pull-down signal; And a said at least one pull-up signal, the driver output capability and a data pull-up or pull-down data, in accordance with one or more pull-down signal is a variable output driver circuit.


The adherence property of 70 verotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC) strains, not belonging to O157: H7 serotype (non-O157) was checked on HeLa cells adherence assay. These strains were isolated from patients with diarrhea and healthy individuals. The results obtained in this study revealed that localised adherence (LA) was manifested by 3 strains of which two belonged to serogroups O111, O127 and the third one was non-enteropathogenic E. coli. The LA pattern was not found among strains isolated from healthy persons (P<0.001). Diffuse adherence (DA) was exhibited by six strains equally distributed among both groups and none of them belonged to enteropathogenic strains. However, aggregative adherence (AA) was manifested by 9 strains and was the most frequent among VTEC strains isolated from diarrheal cases (P<0.001) and was comprised of non-enteropathogenic E. coli strains. Non-specific adherence (NSA) was observed in 17 strains. Overall, the results obtained revealed that AA and LA adherence were significantly (P<0.001) associated with strains isolated from patients . Iran. Biomed. J. 3 (3 & 4): 71-75, 1999


The study aims to analyze the concept of violence, in an attempt to delineate it from related concepts. The goal is the extensional and intentional fixation of this term, as well as the identification of the main theories on the causes of violence and highlighting its consequences. The importance of the research is to map out an expanded concept of violence, to restructure and streamline the forms of manifestation of this phenomenon. The novelty consists in linking the concept of violence with the pyramid of needs.


Over the next 5 years, the NIH will award US$15 million to the Center for AIDS Research (CFAR) of the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF; CA, USA) and the Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology (GIVI) in order to continue its pioneering translational research. This is a doubling from the previous 5-year award. "The UCSF–GIVI Center for AIDS Research is absolutely crucial to maintaining and extending the leadership role of San Francisco in responding to the HIV epidemic. It brings together a true community of HIV investigators who represent the many disciplines and campus sites involved in this effort," said Paul Volberding, codirector of the center. The NIH CFAR program, which began in 1988, provides strategic, educational and scientific services to HIV/AIDS researchers, and focuses on the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration, particularly between basic and clinical investigators, with an emphasis on the inclusion of minorities and of prevention and behavioral change research. The program supports 19 centers located at leading HIV/AIDS research and academic institutions throughout the US. "CFAR is particularly vital in encouraging the collaborations across conventional scientific disciplines that can direct the amazing expertise of UCSF scientists to address the newest challenges of HIV disease. As we address scientific and clinical challenges here in San Francisco, as well as in the worldwide epidemic, CFAR will provide the essential infrastructure to facilitate the most important and innovative science we all depend on," said Warner Greene, who is also a codirector of the UCSF–GIVI center. The CFAR program already provides infrastructure support to over $80 million of funded HIV/AIDS research at UCSF and affiliated institutions. In the future, the CFAR plans to expand the number of pilot awards available, including for basic science pilots and for mentoring foreign scientists. There will also be increased direct support for international collaborations, specifically in East Africa.


We have constructed a quasimonolithic crystal consisting of two offset, parallel-mounted quartz (1010) crystals for determining the wavelengths of x-ray transitions on an absolute scale without the need for reference lines. The design and organization of the quasimonolith crystal device, as well as the determination of the relevant parameters and their corresponding uncertainties are discussed. A calibration chain is established that enables linking any wavelength measurement directly to optical wavelength standards and thus to SI units. Our analysis shows that absolute wavelength measurements with an uncertainty of one part per million are in principle possible with the device. Implementation of the quartz quasimonolith in a high-resolution vacuum spectrometer used to study x-ray line emission from an electron beam ion trap is described.


Fog and mobile edge computing is a paradigm that augments resource‐scarce mobile devices with resource‐rich network servers to enable ubiquitous computing. Smartphone applications rely on code offloading techniques to leverage high‐performance computing opportunities available on edge and cloud servers for compute‐intensive applications. Mobile (ARM) and edge/cloud (x86) architectures are heterogeneous and necessitate dynamic binary translation for compiled code migration that increases the application execution time. The application execution time and energy consumption should be lesser on the edge/cloud server as compared with the local mobile execution for optimal offload. Multimedia‐based applications contain a large set of single instruction multiple data (SIMD) instructions that are compute and resource intensive. However, dynamic binary translation techniques of SIMD instructions lose the parallelism and optimization because of inefficient vector‐to‐scalar translation. We present a framework for SIMD instruction translation and offloading for mobile devices (SIMDOM) in cloud and edge environments. The SIMDOM framework reduces the execution overhead of migrated vectorized multimedia application by using vector‐to‐vector instruction mappings. The framework maps and translates ARM SIMD intrinsic instructions to x86 SIMD intrinsic instructions such that an application programmed for the mobile platform can be executed on the cloud server without any modification. The offload decision is based on inputs from the device energy, network, and application profilers. Experiments show that SIMDOM framework provides 84.78%, 3.41%, and 79.93% energy, time, and performance efficiency, respectively, compared with local offload‐disabled execution. Compared with compiled code offloading, the SIMDOM framework provides 55.99%, 57.50%, and 96.23% energy, time, and performance efficiency, respectively.


Summary. The histological evaluation of the mandibular bony and periodontal structures of 17 adult Cercopithecus aethiops monkeys revealed that slight alteration of the occlusion was followed by limited adaptation and remodelling, while severe alteration was followed by massive adaptation and remodelling after 18 and 24 weeks. The changes were observed by examining ground sections for the presence of fluorescent dyes which had been injected every 14 days during the experimental period.


The method of minimum norm quadratic unbiased estimation (MINQUE) is applied to the estimation of the variances o-2 in the following problems: (1) Combining k independent estimators yi (i = 1, * , k) of a parameter g, where Ad is the arithmetic mean of ni (>1) observations Yi; (j = 1, * , no) normally and independently distributed with mean A and variance o-J; (2) estimating the parameters a and i3 in a linear regression model with replicates: yij = a + xix + ei1 where the et; are normally and independently distributed with mean 0 and variance o-J. The variance-covariance matrix of the MINQU estimators 6J is derived and, using the trace and determinant criteria, the gains in efficiency over the customary estimators s2 = (ni )-1 Es (yj gj)' are tabulated. A simple modification of 67, which is always positive and analytically tractable, performed better than the 6T, especially when k is small. The MINQU estimator of the variance of ordinary least squares (OLS) estimator of q (or a, Al) is obtained and the gains in efficiency over those estimators employing the s2 are evaluated. The MINQU estimators lead to substantial gains in efficiency when m is small and k is relatively large. Explicit expressions for the 62, which can be computed for any value of k, are given.


A collection of tweets from Twitter users about PSBB can be used as sentiment analysis. The data obtained is processed using data mining techniques (data mining), in which there is a process of mining the text, tokenize, transformation, classification, stem, etc. Then calculated into three different algorithms to be compared, the algorithm used is the Decision Tree, K-NN, and Naïve Bayes Classifier to find the best accuracy. Rapidminer application is also used to facilitate writers in processing data. The highest results from this study were the Decision Tree algorithm with an accuracy of 83.3%, precision 79%, and recall 87.17%.


In levels of competence,moral quality can reflect the students' quality more deeply than their professional knowledge or abilities. Morals education is the soul.With the transformation of economic systems,college students 'idealogical and moral sense seem to be of new characteristics,which sets the new challenge for our idealogical and moral education.In order to reach the goal of cultivating qualified personnal,the competence education should focus on morals education;to establish morals education's nucleus position in the competence education,we must set up scientific patterns for morals education contents.


emphasis on black people of AfricanCaribbean descent when earlier statistics in the handbook have told us that the majority of the black population in the west country is of Asian descent. A further problem with the examples used is that there is too much reliance on Syd Jeffers' research for the Inner London Probation Service; consequently the same quotes crop up again and again. A large proportion of quotations and other information are either poorly referenced or not referenced at all, either in the main text or in the book list. Other gripes included describing feminist works from 1972 and 1981 as &dquo;current&dquo;; the use of the phrase &dquo;fiercely protective&dquo; in describing single parent African -Caribbean women; and the switch from &dquo;we&dquo; to &dquo;I&dquo; in the


Objective: The goal of the current work is to study the possible neuroprotective effect of aqueous extract of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) on ions homeostasis, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and the oxidative status in different brain regions of adult male Wistar albino rats which were intoxicated by aluminium chloride (AlCl3). Methods: Rats were divided into four groups, Group I was received normal saline; Group II was administered orally with AlCl3 (150 mg/kg b. wt.); Group III was received aqueous extract of clove (200 mg/kg b. wt.) and Group IV was received combined treatment with AlCl3 and clove. All the groups were treated for 14 days. Results: The treatment with AlCl3 caused a significant elevation in the concentration of aluminium (Al) and calcium (Ca2+) ions, AChE, malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitrite/nitrate levels, while a significant reduction in the level of magnisium (Mg+) and sodium (Na+) ions, reduced glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity was observed. Meanwhile, the combined treatment with AlCl3 and clove was found to restore the investigated parameters to be near the normal values. Conclusion: The results presented here, indicate that the toxic effects of AlCl3 could be mediated through modifying the intracellular brain ions homeostasis, cholinergic dysfunction and oxidative damage in rat brains which may lead to impaired neuronal function. Taken together the results of this study also showed that clove offers neuroprotection against AlCl3-induced neurotoxicity.


During August to October 2019, Catharanthus roseus plants with root and stem rot symptoms were collected from a greenhouse which belongs to farmers in Chiang Mai, Thailand. The causal agent was isolated from the roots and rhizosphere soil of C. roseus showing symptoms of root and stem rot disease in plantation areas in Chiang Mai, Thailand. The pathogen was studied by morphological characteristics and molecular analysis based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region it was determined to be Phytopythuim sp. The pathogenicity of the isolate was tested by inoculating detached C. roseus leaves with an agar disc containing mycelium of the fungus compared with a sterile agar disc as the control. It was found that Phytopythium sp. isolate MCRCPp021 infected the C. roseus leaves causing a brown rot. Moreover, Phytopythium sp. MCRCPp021 infected and caused rot symptoms on plant crowns in 14 d after inoculation with a mycelial suspension. This research finding is the first record of Phytopythium sp. MCRC-Pp021 causing root and stem rot of C. roseus in Thailand. In addition, in a fungicide test, it was shown that dimethomorph and phosphorous acid were less effective against Phytopythium sp. MCRC-Pp021 at the recommended rate than mancozeb, propineb, thiram, fosetyl-aluminium, tridemorph and metalaxyl which exhibited high efficacy.


The investigation on professional development of the novice primary teachers graduated from normal universities during 2003~2005 indicated that the novice teachers were confident to themselves,and were praised by their managers in elementary schools;they had to teach several courses and some of them were not their majors,which proves that training all-round professionals in normal universities is appropriate;their professional spirits got high score,but their abilities should be promoted.


The first measurement of ion photodissociation product recoil velocity and angular anisotropy in an octopole ion guide are presented. The experimental and numerical procedures required to obtain photofragment ion translational energy and angular distributions are discussed. Cluster ions are photodissociated in an octopole ion guide, and photofragment ion velocity distributions are measured using time-of-flight (TOF). The instrumental discrimination function is determined using guiding field variation (VAR). A validation study using the 2Σg+←2Σu+ transition of Ar2+ probed at 300 nm and a photodissociation dynamics study of (N2O⋅H2O)+ to form N2OH++OH, N2O++H2O, and H2O++N2O in the 458–657 nm range are presented. The H2O+ and N2O+ photofragment translational energy and angular distributions are derived, and new information regarding the photodissociation of the (N2O⋅H2O)+ cluster ion is obtained.


Dynamics of the symbiote was monitored in different geographic and virulent populations of the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens Stl, to determine its role in nymphal feeding selection, development and adult reproduction.Effect of symbiote on the activity of transaminases in BPH feeding on different resistant rice varieties was also examined. The results showed that the virulence of BPH to rice resistant varieties was closely related to number of the symbiote in BPH from the paddy fields, and abundance of the symbiote in BPH from Guangxi Province was markedly greater than that from Hangzhou and Longyou in Zhejiang Province, while no obvious differences in numerical dynamics of the symbiote were found among the three purified populations with different virulence to the resistant varieties (biotype Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ) from the greenhouse in International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). Number of the symbiote reduced significantly in female adult of BPH biotype Ⅰ on resistant rice varieties IR26, Mudgo and ASD7 compared with that on susceptible rice variety TN1. The aposymbiotic nymph of biotype Ⅰ and Ⅱ treated by high temperature in egg stage preferred TN1 and ASD7 to Mudgo. The markedly lower nymphal survival rate, adult fecundity and activities of alanine transaminase and aspartic transminase, and longer nymphal duration were recorded in the three aposymbiotic biotypes than in control ones on susceptible and resistant rice varieties, however, the much greater changes occurred in the three tested biotypes when they fed on inadaptable resistant rice varieties. These results implied that the symbiote should play an important role in change of virulence of BPH population to resistant rice varieties.


The research of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) uses a qualitative approach. The purpose of this research is to obtain the Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) of prospective teachers of English Courses in terms of academic ability during the Covid-19 pandemic, as it is known that the pandemic has changed the structure of life that has been neatly arranged in this world. Data were analysed in the form of documents, observed, and interviewed with prospective English teachers on SMAN 15 SURABAYA. The technique of taking the data in this study was purposive sampling. The subjects in this study are teachers with more learning hours because in general they are categorized as professional teachers, then teachers with many teaching hours will be examined how the PCK is. The instruments in this study used CoRe and Vignette. The data analysis technique uses the Miles and Huberman model, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it shows that the pedagogical content knowledge of English teachers on reading comprehension during the pandemic still needs more creative and innovative adjustments, this is indicated by the number of teachers who are still hampered during learning hours.


SUMMARY In this article, we explore and discuss the implications and relevance of the concept of co‐production to the design of performance measures. Such a co‐production approach to performance management is grounded upon a conception of public management that emphasizes collective problem‐solving involving not only government officials but also citizens. We argue successful application of such an approach requires that both officials and citizens be cognizant of their role as co‐producers in the process of public service delivery. Whether such a cognitive basis exists in a particular context will affect the utility and viability of the co‐production approach and is an important question that needs to be addressed empirically. To illustrate the importance of the cognitive basis for co‐production, we have conducted an empirical analysis of data collected in a survey in three cities in China. Our analysis suggests that the officials and citizens in the sample generally do not recognize that public administration is a co‐production process involving the efforts of both officials and citizens. Yet, our analysis identifies a number of leverage points for building the cognitive basis. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Evidence-based information accumulated over the years has demonstrated the importance of having a culturally embedded temperament assessment instrument. Thus, the aim of this article was to investigate the psychometric properties of a Lithuanian version of the adult temperament scale derived from the Chess–Thomas Adult Temperament Questionnaire. The sample consisted of 654 participants between 13 and 79 years of age (M = 30.9, SD = 11.9). The structure of the questionnaire was validated using confirmatory factor analysis, the measurement invariance (configural, metric, and scalar) was evaluated to demonstrate equivalence under different conditions, and the reliability was tested using internal consistency and test–retest methods. A confirmatory factor analysis of nine theoretically based scales demonstrated a good model fit (χ2 = 4928.6, df = 1137, p < 0.001; CFI = 0.916; TLI = 0.909; RMSEA = 0.071). The scales evidenced equivalence across age, gender, education, and social status. Reliability analyses also showed adequate results: Cronbach's alpha fell within a range of 0.61 to 0.86 (Mdn = 0.73) and retest within one month ranged between 0.65 and 0.95 (Mdn = 0.73). These findings suggest that the Lithuanian version of the questionnaire measures dimensions similar to the original nine Chess–Thomas temperament characteristics.


The paper focuses on the implications of changing phases of property and land ownership on the physical development of Nigeria cities with special reference to the core area of Akure, Ondo state. Cities in Nigeria are characterised by multiplicity of conversion, which is now threatening the peaceful co-existence of in Nigeria. This alarming situation is calling for the immediate attention of the spatial planner to address its attendant problems. Method implored in the study includes direct observations, measurements and oral interview. The study reveals rapid urbanisation, competition for property at the city centre for locational advantage, diverted interest, poor density, inadequate and poor implementation of land development policies in the state as some of the factors responsible for changes in phases of property and land ownerships. The paper advocated for quick domestication and implementation of Ondo State Urban and Regional Planning Law that has been underway for sometimes, public enlightenment campaign, strict enforcement of existing Urban and Regional Planning Laws, proper monitoring of development projects among others with a view to ensure strict compliance of the laws towards sustainable city development.


To describe the degree of events occurred in the flight,a new method of flight operation safety on event margin was proposed. Based on the QAR data recorded by the sensor,with the concept of the control system stability margin,the " event margin" was firstly defined. Then from the eigenvalues of skewness and kurtosis,as the 10 events occurred in 40 consecutive flights for the object,the event margin of geometric mean and arithmetic mean,maximum and minimum values was verified. Finally the geometric average value was selected as the optimal description of event margin. Experiment results show its efficiency. The method is more meaningful to improve the reliability analysis and precision analysis of flight quality monitoring.


Some problems about airborne refueling were discussed in the paper.By the comparison of chief aircraft′s maximum flying range under different cases,the optimal scheme about how assistant aircraft refueled the chief aircraft was found.And some solutions were given according to the analysis of the location of one or more air bases,to which the number of assistant aircraft belonged,and the optimal flying route in two-dimension coordinates.Firstly the number of assistant aircraft was supposed to be special value,like 1,2,3,4.Then a table of experimental data with more values and some figure were resulted,from which a general rule was lastly concluded.At the end of the paper,it was suggested that the influence of wind power,wind direction and some other random factors be taken into consideration,so that the model could be developed into three dimensions and the study would be more practical.


Objective To observe the effect of multidrug therapy(MDT) of leprosy.Methods The leprosy cases were treated by MDT.They were regularly monitored and followed for a long-term.The mean time of clinical cure was 3 year.Results 91 leprosy cases had been cured by MDT.The treated rate of regular MDT and cured rate was all 100%.The annual average of the bacterial density index(B1) of BT, BL and LL had declined 0.6, 0.58, and 0.63 in the entire period, respectively.12 cases had leprosy reaction and 4 new cases had deformity during the treatment period.No recurring case was found in the monitoring period after cured.Conclusion The effect of MDT was good;its treatment time was shorterned and recurring rate was low.So MDT was an effective treatment for leprosy.MDT should been implemented to improve the regular treatment rate and cure the patients.The leprosy reaction should be treated to reduce deformity.


The Bellman Special Issue of the Transactions on Automatic Control is a first in the history of the Control Systems Society. Never before has the Society dedicated a special issue to an individual - and especially an individual who is a mathematician rather than an engineer. The papers appearing in the special issue deal with a variety of topics which in one way or another reflect the influence of Bellman's ideas-ideas contained in over six hundred papers, thirty-six books, and seven monographs. All of the papers in the special issue have beenc ontributed and all have been subjected to a rigorous review process. In addition, a brief biography of Richard E. Bellman is given highlighting his professional achievements.


A genetic variant in the gene PTPN22 (R620W, rs2476601) is strongly associated with increased risk for multiple autoimmune diseases and has been linked to altered TCR regulation. Here, we utilize Crispr/Cas9 gene editing with donor DNA repair templates in human cord blood-derived, naive T cells to generate PTPN22 risk edited, non-risk edited (silent modification), or knock out T cells from the same donor. PTPN22 risk edited cells exhibited increased activation marker expression following non-specific TCR engagement, findings that mimicked PTPN22 KO cells. Next, using lentiviral delivery of T1D patient-derived islet-antigen specific TCRs, we demonstrate that loss of PTPN22 function led to enhanced signaling in T cells expressing a lower avidity self-reactive TCR. In this setting, loss of PTPN22 mediated enhanced proliferation and Th1 skewing. Importantly, expression of the risk variant in association with a lower avidity TCR also increased proliferation relative to PTPN22 non-risk T cells. Together, these findings suggest that, in primary human T cells, PTPN22 rs2476601 contributes to autoimmunity risk by permitting increased TCR signaling in mildly self-reactive T cells, thereby potentially expanding the self-reactive T cell pool and skewing this population toward an inflammatory phenotype.


To evaluate the spatial and temporal soil water availability (SWA) and improve the soil water use efficiency in agriculture, this study established a new index system for SWA evaluation considering the soil storage capacity, the temporal and spatial matching degree between soil water supply and crop water demand, and the soil water transformation and utilization efficiency. To quantitatively calculate the indexes, a self-developed hydrological model (MODCYCLE) was introduced and applied in Handan City. The results show that MODCYCLE performed well in simulating the soil hydrological processes. A comparison of the observed soil moisture data and the simulated values revealed relative errors below 10% and correlation coefficients all above 0.7. According to the evaluation results, the SWA for different typical years was very unevenly distributed in Handan City. The average SWA in a normal year is 0.71, which is higher than that in dry years at 0.62 and in wet years at 0.65. Regarding different regions, the average SWA was generally much higher in the eastern plain area than that in the western mountainous area. Generally, there is a great potential for improving SWA and further the sustainable development of soil water resource, particularly for dryland farming in similar areas.


This article investigates the robustly asymptotical stability(RAS) and the robustly asymptotical stability with exponential rate γ(RASγ) for linear time-invariant parameter-polynomialsystems.By adopting the parameter-dependent Lyapunov function method and the S-procedure technique,the article presents a novel approach to transform the problems presented,respectively into the feasibility test of a linear matrix inequality(LMI).The result of RAS is obtained from the one of RASγ as the exponential rate tends to zero.A numerical example shows correctness and calculation validity of the results.


: In this paper the electronic structure of AlB 2 -type USi 2 has been explored using DFT, DFT+U and hybrid functional (HSE) methods. It reveals that c/a has great effect on the electronic structure, particularly the f orbitals, and there exists strong hybridization between the Si- p and U- d orbitals in AlB 2 -type USi 2 . These calculations uncover that there exists similarities on the crystal structure and the electronic structure between AlB 2 -type USi 2 and U 3 Si 5 . Present calculations provide a further insight on the U 3 Si 5 , a heavy-fermion system.


A simulated negotiation experiment was designed to explore the different effects of social motive between high power and low power negotiators under either holding accountability or not holding accountability condition by using the negotiation task of job interview.One hundred and fifty-six undergraduate students(78 dyads) took part in a simulated one-to-one negotiation.The players in the same negotiation didn' t know each other and had the same sex.The results indicated:(1) Dyads including one prosocial recruiter held less fixed-pie perceptions than dyads including one proself recruiter for dyad-level outcomes.(2) Dyads consisting of two pro-social or two pro-self negotiators achieved higher joint outcomes and engaged in more problem solving while holding accountability rather than not.Dyads consisting of one pro-social and one pro-self negotiators achieved lower joint outcomes and engaged in more problem solving while holding accountability rather than not.


In order to achieve improved calculation accuracy and reduced calculation time in a simulation for predicting dynamic behavior of a system that includes a biological macromolecule, providing a simulation apparatus (10),including: a coordinate setting means (16) for setting slow coordinates and fast coordinates based on mass point coordinates; a coordinate extraction means (18) for obtaining a structure of the fast coordinates by subordinating the fast coordinates to the slow coordinates and obtaining, by taking into account influence of a change in the fast coordinates on the slow coordinates due to a change in the slow coordinates, a structure of the slow coordinates as a function of collective coordinate(s); and an inverse transformation means (20) for predicting time evolution of the mass point coordinates based on the collective coordinate(s), which can be obtained as a solution of a motion equation, structure of the slow coordinates, and structure of the fast coordinates.


We can improve the performance of deflection-routed FPGA overlay networks-on-chip (NoCs) like Hoplite by as much as 10× (random traffic) at the expense of modest extra storage cost when combining static scheduling with packet switching in an efficient, hybrid manner. Deflection routed bufferless NoCs such as Hoplite, allow extremely lightweight packet switched routers on FPGAs, but suffer from high packet latencies due to deflections under congestion. When the communication workload is known in advance, time-multiplexed routing can offer a faster alternative by eliminating deflections but require expensive storage of routing decisions in context buffers in LUT RAMs. In this paper, we propose a hybrid Marathon NoC that combines the low packet latencies of deflection-free time-multiplexed routing with the low implementation cost of context-free packet-switched Hoplite NoC. The Marathon NoC requires a deterministic routing function to be implemented in the switch along with time-stamped packet injection in the PEs to ensure deflection-free routing in the network. The network also needs a one-time offline static scheduling stage that determines the appropriate time to inject a packet to guarantee conflict-free deflection-free route on the shared network. For random traffic patterns, Marathon outperforms Hoplite by as much as 10× and time multiplexing by as much as 1.2× when considering total communication time at identical area costs. For other synthetic patterns, Marathon outperforms Hoplite in all cases except local pattern and is within 2 - 5× of best time multiplexing performance at large system sizes. For communication workloads extracted from real-world sparse matrix-vector multiplication kernels, Marathon outperforms both Hoplite and Time Multiplexing by 1.3 - 2.8×.


A new architecture for multidisciplinary optimization of rotorcraft systems is presented and compared to those previously used. This architecture rearranges the inner loop (soft coupling between a high-fidelity aerodynamics and comprehensive structural dynamics), moving the expensive computational fluids analysis out. Continuous adjoint surface sensitivities and free-form geometric deformation are used for aerodynamic shape optimization with the corresponding surface sensitivities used to approximate small changes in the aerodynamic loading on the blade in a modified coupling procedure. The resulting framework allows for a lower-cost optimization process to be performed using only the comprehensive rotorcraft code with a large number of design variables. Preliminary results are presented for a single-blade model and future research directions are discussed.


In this paper, the effects of Ge content and profile shape on the performance of a SiGe‐based heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) are investigated. The common‐emitter current gain, the early voltage, and the transit time of SiGe HBTs are calculated and computed for different Ge profiles as well as the total Ge content in the base, considering uniform base‐doping. Then the effects of the above on the cutoff frequency fτ and the maximum oscillation frequency fmax of the HBT are shown. It is seen that both the forward current gain and the transit time decrease with the change in profile from box to triangle, but the early voltage increases with a similar change. The increase of Ge content for the same profile results in a decrease of transit time. From the analysis, a large increase in fτ and fmax can be predicted with a suitable choice of Ge profile and the total Ge content in the base. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 47: 247–254, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21138


An encyclopedia seeking to present in totality the people and cultures of the world as such. It covers various aspects and angles of all these different people, in their traditions, customs, art, religions, music and architecture.


Breathtaking is a word easily applied to the setting of The Hymn Society's 2011 conference, Colorado Springs. From the beautiful urban campus of Colorado College, the majestic Pike's Peak and Cheyenne Mountain tower over the city. This environmentally conscious campus and city were an inspired choice for our theme, "Touch the earth lighdy." For July 17-21, a total of 268 registrants attended: 248 from 39 states, 16 from Canada, and one each from Brazil, Taiwan, Liberia, and the UK. The rich landscape and heritage of the West, including the Native American peoples, were a backdrop to our week together in Colorado. Many people worked for months to provide a warm and gracious welcome to all conferees; as always, abundant thanks go to Deborah Carlton Loftis, our HSUSC executive director, and also to Sherry McCormick, administrative assistant at the HS offices in Richmond, Virginia. Other conference staff included Kelly Grooms and David Cashwell. Local arrangements in Colorado were led by Mark Alan Filbert, Thomas Strickland, and Joanne Reynolds. We also thank Mark Alan and Tom for organizing the Denver church and organ tour on Tuesday. The executive committee of The Hymn Society, with leadership from president John Thornburg, always plays a crucial role in our conference week hospitality and they worked tirelessly on everything from registration to driving golf carts, to introducing each sectional, festival, and plenary. In addition, many others attending the conference pitched in readily, providing a real spirit of "What can I do to help?" A large part of the assistance came from our Lovelace Scholars. We were blessed with the presence of eleven scholars (our largest group ever) from across the United States: * Suzanne Byrd, MTS student, Perkins School of Theology, Southern Methodist University * Ying (Emma) Diao, PhD student in ethnomusicology, University of Maryland, College Park * Jonathan Jakob Hehn, DMus student in organ performance, Florida State University * Rebecca Dawn Hoeksema, MArts student, Calvin Theological Seminary * Allison Renee Hoffman, MDiv student in history of sacred music, Boston University School of Theology * Kit Ying Law, PhD student in liturgy and ethnomusicology, Garrett-Evangelical Theological Seminary * Kyle Matthew Miller, MSM student in organ, Perkins School of Theology, SMU * Thomas Wesley (Wes) Moore, TV, MSM student in sacred music, Perkins School of Theology, SMU * Marybeth Sanders, MSM student, Perkins School of Theology, SMU * Audrey Seah, MA student in liturgy, Saint John's School of Theology-Seminary * Budi Taniwan, MSM student, Perkins School of Theology, SMU This year the Lovelace Scholars were more deeply involved in the conference than ever before. A number of them led sectionals, most participated in leadership for morning prayer, and all helped in providing musical backup (instrumental and vocal) at die Wednesday evening and Thursday morning hymn festivals. They also drove golf carts, hauled boxes of books, and generously helped whenever there was a need. What a joy to have them with us at Colorado College! Finally, my thanks to the members of The Hymn's Editorial Advisory Board, and editor-designate Robin Knowles Wallace, for their reports on our daily activities during the conference week. Because of their eyes and ears, we all have a record of the memorable and outstanding 2011 Hymn Society conference held under such beautiful and "spacious skies." NANCY HALL Sunday, July 17 Unto the hills around do I lift up my longing eyes. Throughout the 2011 annual conference of The Hymn Society, like many Canadians I kept singing in my heart this paraphrase of Psalm 121 written in 1877 by John Douglas Campbell, the ninth duke of Argyll and governor general of Canada from 1878-1883. Every time we looked out the window or up to the sky, we understood why the executive committee had chosen Colorado Springs for our gathering with the theme "Touch the earth lightly. …


The invention relates to a superfine fiber filament. A single fiber 1F comprises 20-30 colored filament-shaped components A ( the fineness of a single filament is about 0.2 d tex) and components B which surround and fill the peripheries and gaps of the components A; the mass percentage content of the components A ranges from 75% to 95%; the mass percentage content of the components B ranges from 5% to 25%; the crystallinity of the components A ranges from 60% to 90%; the crystallinity of the components B ranges from 5% to 40%. The superfine fiber filament provided by the invention has the following benefits: dye is not required, so that dyeing wastewater is not generated and the environment is not subject to the dyeing pollution; the quality of the chamois leather fabric is greatly improved.


Bi‐reforming of methane (BRM) is gaining an increase interest due to the critical requirements to mitigate global warming and provide alternative energy resources. However, there has been a serious challenge to the scale‐up of the process to commercial production due to the catalyst deactivation. In the present study, the influence of ZrO2 modifications on the activity and stability of MgO‐supported Ni catalyst in the BRM reaction was investigated. The ZrO2‐MgO mixed oxide support was prepared by co‐precipitation method with variation in the ZrO2 composition and subsequently impregnated with Ni. The characterization of the freshly prepared Ni/MgO and Ni/MgO‐ZrO2 catalysts using N2 physisorption analysis, X‐Ray Diffraction (XRD), FESEM, XPS, H2‐TPR, and CO2‐TPD techniques revealed suitable physicochemical properties for the BRM reaction. The Ni/MgO‐ZrO2 catalysts showed an improved performance in the BRM reaction in terms of activity and stability compared to the Ni/MgO at 800°C and CH4, H2O, CO2 ratio of 3:2:1, respectively. The best performance was obtained using the Ni/15%ZrO2‐MgO for the BRM with CO2 and CH4 conversion of 81.5% and 82.5%, respectively. The characterization of the spent Ni/MgO catalyst using Raman spectroscopy, FESEM, and High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) analysis revealed the formation of amorphous carbon that could be responsible for its fast deactivation.


CERN, CH 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland(Received 14 August 2009; published 11 January 2010)The CLIC study is exploring the scheme for an electron-positron collider with a center-of-mass energyof 3 TeV in order to make the multi-TeV range accessible for lepton physics. The current goal of theproject is to demonstrate the feasibility of the technology by the year 2010. Recently, important progresshas been made concerning the high-gradient accelerating structure tests and the experiments with beam inthe CLIC test facility, CTF3. Several important aspects of the project are dealt with through internationalcollaborations, which has considerably boosted the CLIC study.


This paper presents a new frequency compensation approach for three-stage amplifiers driving a pF-to-nF capacitive load. Thanks to the cascode Miller compensation, the non-dominant complex pole frequency is extended effectively, and the physical size of the compensation capacitors is also reduced. A local Q-factor control (LQC) loop is introduced to alter the Q-factor adaptively when loading capacitance CL varies significantly. This LQC loop decides how much damping current should be injected into the corresponding parasitic node to control the Q-factor of the complex-pole pair, which affects the frequency peak at the gain plot and the settling time of the proposed amplifier in the closed-loop step response. Additionally, a left-half-plane (LHP) zero is created to increase the phase margin and a feed-forward transconductance stage is paralleled to improve the slew rate (SR). Simulated in 0.13-µm CMOS technology, the amplifier is verified to handle a 4-pF-to-1.5-nF (375× drivability) capacitive load with at least 0.88-MHz gain-bandwidth (GBW) product and 42.3° phase margin (PM), while consuming 24.0-µW quiescent power at 1.0-V nominal supply voltage.


Metaphor has long been recognized as a central process or tool in human reasoning and cognition, and it has been pointed out that human sensorimotor processes serve as a primary source of metaphors which are mapped onto abstract processes outside the body. (Lakoff & Johnson 1980, Simon-Vandenbergen 1991) In investigating the use of body-based metaphor, research has often focused on the range and function of metaphors derived from a particular human sensorimotor process. In the present study, the use of body-based metaphor is investigated from a different perspective in that I am starting with two lexical items, tongue and cheek , and looking at their occurrence in phrases and the metaphorical and evaluative meanings associated with them. This line of research follows earlier studies by Lindquist and Levin (2007) who investigated the metaphorical use of phrases including the lemmas foot and mouth , and another study by Levin and Lindquist (2007) which looked at the phraseology and evaluative functions associated with the lemma nose . Along the same lines, an earlier study of mine (Morrow 2009) dealt with the phraseology associated with hand and heart. For the present study I have consulted a number of general and specialized dictionaries, but I have also made use of corpus resources to investigate the use of lexical items. By utilizing standard corpora it is possible to get a clearer picture of language use in a variety of genres and contexts and in both the written and spoken modes.


Abstract : An investigation at low scale has been made in the Langley stab unity tunnel in order to determine the effect of linear spanwise variations of twist and circular-arc camber on the low-speed aerodynamic characteristics and static-stability and rotary-stability (rolling and yawing) derivatives of a wing of aspect ratio 4, taper ratio 0.6, and with 45 deg sweepback of the quarter-chord line. Results of the investigation indicate that twist or camber produced only small changes in the maximum lift coefficient. A combination of camber and twist was more effective than twist alone in providing an increase in the maximum lift-to-drag ratio in the moderate lift-coefficient range for the wings investigated. The variation of static longitudinal stability through the lift-coefficient range was less for the twisted wing than for the twisted and cambered or plane wing. A combination of twist and camber generally extended the initial linear range of several of the static- and rotary-stability derivatives to a higher lift coefficient and, although these effects were small, higher Reynolds numbers may result in larger effects.


On account of its dynamic, distributed and complex characteristics, it is demanded to develop an efficient and distributed supply chain management system (SCMS). A brief survey of unified modeling language (UML) and common object request broker architecture (CORBA) is given and a method of integrating UML and CORBA to develop distributed SCMS is presented in this paper. Three steps which should be followed for modeling supply chain by UML are proposed and the mapping from UML to OMG IDL is also described. An example of inventory system has demonstrated the effectiveness of this method.


Jatropha curcas is considered to be one of the greatest potential biofuel plants. However, the application of J. curcas is limited by a lack of high yielding varieties. Polyploids often generate useful germplasm for genetic improvement in many plants. Here, tetraploid and octoploid J. curcas were obtained by treating the shoot tips of seedlings with colchicine. The ploidy of J. curcas was determined by measuring the nuclear DNA content with flow cytometry and by counting chromosomes. Treatment with 0.1% colchicine for seven days was the most effective condition for producing polyploid plants, yielding 15% tetraploids. There was no significant plant height difference between tetraploid and diploid plants, but octoploid plants grew slowly and were about one-third the height of diploid plants. With increased ploidy, the stomata and pollen grains became larger, stomatal density decreased, the leaves became thicker, and the net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance decreased. Compared with diploid plants, the tetraploid plants had larger leaves, male and female flowers and pollen, but the octoploid leaves were about half the size of the diploid leaves. The fruits and seeds of the tetraploid plants were larger than those of the diploid, but the single seed weight and oil content were decreased. The octoploid plants were sterile, with no flower buds on three-year-old plants. The polyploid plants obtained in this study could be useful for breeding programs and for studies of flower development and abiotic stress tolerance in J. curcas.


We have used biochemical and morphological techniques to demonstrate that hepatocytes in the perfused liver bind, internalize, and degrade substantial amounts of murine epidermal growth factor (EGF) via a receptor-mediated process . Before ligand exposure, about 300,000 high-affinity receptors were detectable per cell, displayed no latency, and codistributed with conventional plasma membrane markers . Cytochemical localization using EGF coupled to horseradish peroxidase (EGF-HRP) revealed that the receptors were distributed along the entire sinusoidal and lateral surfaces of hepatocytes . When saturating concentrations of EGF were perfused through a liver at 35°C, ligand clearance was biphasic with a rapid primary phase of 20,000 molecules/min per cell that dramatically changed at 15-20 min to a slower secondary phase of 2,500 molecules/min per cell . During the primary phase of uptake, approximately 250,000 molecules of EGF and 80% of the total functional receptors were internalized into endocytic vesicles which could be separated from enzyme markers for plasma membranes and lysosomes on sucrose gradients . The ligand pathway was visualized cytochemically 2-25 min after EGF-HRP internalization and a rapid transport from endosomes at the periphery to those in the Golgi apparatus-lysosome region was observed (t,% = 7 min) . However, no 1251-EGF degradation was detected for at least 20 min . Within 30 min after EGF addition, a steady state was reached which lasted up to 4 h such that (a) the rate of EGF clearance equaled the rate of ligand degradation (2,500 molecules/min per cell) ; (b) a constant pool of undegraded ligand was maintained in endosomes; and (c) the number of accessible (i .e ., cell surface) receptors remained constant at 20% of initial values . By 4 h hepatocytes had internalized and degraded 3 and 2.3 times more EGF, respectively, than the initial number of available receptors, even in the presence of cycloheximide and without substantial loss of receptors . All of these results suggest that EGF receptors are internalized and that their rate of recycling to the surface from intracellular sites is governed by the rate of entry of ligand and/ or receptor into lysosomes . Receptor-mediated endocytosis (REM)' is well-recognized as a general mechanism used by many cells to take up biolog' Abbreviations used in this paper: APDE, alkaline phosphodiesterase; ASGP, asialoglycoprotein ; ,B-NAG, a-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase ; EGF, epidermal growth factor ; EGF-HRP, conjugateofEGF to HRP, horseradish peroxidase ; 5'-NUC, 5'-nucleotidase ; Gal-Trans, galactosyl-transferase ; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; RME, receptor-mediated endocytosis; S1, 0 .25 M sucrose in 3 mM imidazole, pH 7.4; TCA, trichloroacetic acid; 12-K fraction, liver fraction sedimenting at 12,000 g. ically important molecules. The variety of molecules taken up by RME include polypeptide hormones (e .g ., epidermal growth factor [EGF] and insulin), transport proteins carrying nutritional and regulatory substances (e .g., low density-lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, transcobalamin 11-vitamin 1312), lysosomal enzymes, asialoglycoproteins (ASGPs), and immunoglobulins (reviewed in reference 1) . The destinations of these interiorized molecules vary from degradation in the lysosomal system with release of amino acids and monosaccharides (e .g., ASGP [2]) orof regulatory molecules (e.g ., LDL THE JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY " VOLUME 98 JUNE 1984 2148-2159 0 The Rockefeller University Press 0021-9525/84/06/2148/12 $1 .00 on A uust 8, 2017 jcb.rress.org D ow nladed fom and cholesterol [I]) to intracellular sequestration in an undegraded form (e.g ., yolk proteins [3]) to transport across the cytoplasm and subsequent exocytosis (e .g ., immunoglobulins [3, 4]) . The fates of the surface receptors interacting with specific ligands also vary from apparent reutilization during prolonged periods of activity (e.g ., LDL and ASGP receptors [5, 6]) to loss of receptors after an initial wave of RME and subsequent desensitization of cells (e .g., hormonal "downregulation" of EGF [7-11] or insulin [12, 13]). Thus, it is clear that eucaryotic cells carry out diverse functions that rely on the selective process of RME. The principle cell in the liver, the parenchymal cell or hepatocyte, takes up many different molecules from the circulation via RME. These include ASGPs (2, 14), insulin (15), glucagon (16), prolactin (17), EGF (9, 18), transcobalamin II (19), haptoglobin-hemoglobin complexes (20), hemopexiniron (21), glycoproteins with oligosaccharide chains terminating in a1,3 fucose residues (22), and immunoglobulin A (4). All of these molecules are internalized via receptor-mediated processes occurring at the sinusoidal surface ofthe hepatocyte. In addition, the fates of the ligands and of their receptors appear to encompass all currently established fates in RME. Therefore, the hepatocyte is particularly suitable for a comparative study of selected ligand-receptor systems, each having a different fate . In recent years, we have been studying various aspects of ASGP endocytosis by hepatocytes (14, 23-26) . This RME system represents one in which the ligand is ultimately delivered to and degraded within lysosomes but the receptor is reused . Hepatocytes also endocytose and degrade substantial amounts of EGF from the circulation but, unlike the ASGP receptor, they appear to down-regulate the EGF receptor . There is some evidence in cultured cells that the EGF receptor is delivered to lysosomes and degraded together with the ligand. However, no correlation has yet been made between the amount of EGF processed by these cells and the number ofreceptors lost . Using the perfused liver, we have examined the kinetics of EGF uptake and degradation and the pathway of ligand entry from the cell surface to the lysosomes, both morphologically and biochemically. We have quantitated the amount ofligand internalized and degraded and compared these values with the number of receptors (i .e., nonlatent, latent, and total) present . Our results demonstrate that exposure to EGF induces a redistribution of hepatocyte receptor from the cell surface to an internal site (endosomes) but that these receptors are reutilized, since more ligand molecules are internalized than total functional receptors present, even when protein synthesis is inhibited . Portions of this study have been presented elsewhere in abstract form (27) . MATERIALS AND METHODS


LGBT students encounter boundless school-related problems including depression, suicidal tendencies, and drug abuse, among others. LGBT youth in school are subjected to constant bullying and discrimination from students, teachers, and the school's administration who often fail to defend them against this. Often, LGBT students drop-out of school. Therefore, the LGBT community is socially disadvantage within our society. With this background, this study identified established laws to safeguard LGBT rights. Furthermore, the study examined the role of School Psychologists in reducing challenges faced by LGBT students in the schools based on analysis of the 10 NASP (The National Association of School Psychologists) domains, and made vital recommendations to reduce challenges faced by LGBT students with a view to lessen cases of LGBT stigmatization. The recommendations stipulated include; development of laws prohibiting discrimination and abusive language against LGBT, and the development a curriculum that suits LGBT needs. It is imperative to train teachers to aide LGBT groups attain equal universal access to core learning facilities acts.


ABSTRACT This study focuses on police legitimacy and cooperation in high-crime neighbourhoods. Residents' perceptions of victimisation risk and reduced collective efficacy are investigated as potential threats that may promote police legitimacy and cooperation. An integrated model applying systems justification theory, along with the instrumental and process models, provides potential mechanisms for understanding legitimacy and cooperation in crime hot spots. The multi-level regression analysis uses 947 surveys conducted in 71 crime hot spots. Results demonstrate the value of diffuse support for police and uphold the procedural justice and instrumental models of legitimacy in high-crime contexts. Results also support that risk and collective efficacy affect views. Findings point to the importance of how perceptions about context may foster a perceived dependence on police and, through this mechanism, promote cooperation. Results point to the value of further investigating risk, parochialism, and other aspects of context on police legitimacy and cooperation in future research.


The undrained strength of ko-consolidated clays sheared under plane strain condition is formulated as a function of the direction of the major principal stress on the basis of an elasto-plastic constitutive equation. The equation for the anisotropic undrained strength is applied to the theory of characteristic line field as well as to the conventional circular slip line method. The bearing capacity factor and the factors of safety of embankments at failure calculated based on the theory are shown together with the experimental and field data. Laboratory and field data are in good agreement with the theoretical values. For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 287689. (Author/TRRL)


In recent years, the use of Role-based Access Control (RBAC) has evolved within organizations such as the Government of Canada (GoC). However, it is not clear that existing on-boarding and off-boarding workflows have been influenced by the emergence of this technology. In this work, an Information Management (IM) case study is executed for one employee in the GoC. Results are summarized by human resource and staffing position and the advantages of onboarding and off-boarding by staffing position are discussed. As the number of applications by employee increase, so too does the cost of the administrative processes. RBAC reduces the cost of administration at the authorization layer and its concepts can be applied at the authentication layer.


Quantum networks provide the framework for quantum communication, clock synchronization, distributed quantum computing, and sensing. Implementing large-scale and practical quantum networks relies on the development of scalable architecture and integrated hardware that can coherently interconnect many remote quantum nodes by sharing multidimensional entanglement through complex-medium quantum channels. We demonstrate a multichip multidimensional quantum entanglement network based on mass-manufacturable integrated-nanophotonic quantum node chips fabricated on a silicon wafer by means of complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor processes. Using hybrid multiplexing, we show that multiple multidimensional entangled states can be distributed across multiple chips connected by few-mode fibers. We developed a technique that can efficiently retrieve multidimensional entanglement in complex-medium quantum channels, which is important for practical uses. Our work demonstrates the enabling capabilities of realizing large-scale practical chip-based quantum entanglement networks. Description Editor's summary The realization of a scalable quantum entanglement network relies on the development of a scalable architecture and on incorporating hardware components that are mass manufacturable. Zheng et al. proposed and demonstrated a scalable architecture using photonic hybrid multiplexing. They realized a toolbox of integrated nanophotonic hybrid multiplexing devices that can be manufactured using standard industrial fabrication processes. Their chip-based quantum entanglement network could find important applications in quantum communications, metrology, and distributed quantum computing. —ISO A multichip quantum network was realized using silicon-photonic hybrid multiplexing technology.


This thesis is intended to be the first detailed account of the craftsmanship, iconography and background of the Balinese shadow play. The theatre has an important place in Balinese culture both as it is seen to be the original art form and also as it is an essential part of religious rites. The stories upon which the plays are based are taken mainly from the Hindu epics, the Mahabharats and Ramayana. The characters, most of who are derived from the epics, are first introduced. This is a relevant background for understanding the iconography. The thesis then turns to look at the making of the puppets. From this it emerges that complex cultural and ritual regulations underpin the craft. This leads into the largest section of the work which deals with an examination of the principles underlying the depiction of the mythical characters and their significance in terms of both the texts and the oral tradition. It is evident that the puppets are composed of standard parts which carry a more or less defined meaning. There is one important class of figures which stand out by the uniqueness of their depiction, but do not exist in the epics at all. These are the servants who are studied in some detail. It is useful further to stand back and survey a collection of puppets as a whole. This reveals complex forms of connections with social institutions and cultural beliefs. A study of the Iconography is incomplete however without an examination of the performance itself in which the puppets are seen as part of a more elaborate system including other dramatic elements. This provides the means by which cultural ideas are portrayed both through the visual form and the spoken word to the Balinese.


Cho, Euiyon. 2013. On the pragmatic nature of empty nominal pro in Korean null object constructions: A Relevance account. Linguistic Research 30(1), 51-66. In this paper I argue that the empty nominal pro used in the Korean null object constructions is semantically indeterminate and its content, being controlled in discourse, is recovered through inferential processes called enrichment. It will be shown within the framework of Relevance Theory which draws a distinction between what is coded and what is inferred. By reanalyzing Ahn and Cho`s (2012a) previous explicature analysis of a null object construction whose pair of the construction contains the NPI amwuto anybody,` this paper argues that there is nothing semantically encoded in the pro used in the null object constructions. It also gives a Relevance account of how such sloppy-like and strict readings are inferentially derived. (Dongguk University).


A state-dependent control law is proposed using the Lyapunov stability theorem and its usefulness for closed-loop control of a synchronous orbit is investigated. It is shown that a sequential scheme using a modified control law provides a more practical means of orbit control.


The design of LIMA is strongly influenced by the algebraic programming language OPAL (see [Pep 92], [FGGP 93]). The principal reason for this is the need for a high-level programming-and specification language, that is very efficiently implemented. Parts of implemented programs (assumed to be correct w.r.t. their specification) should be compiled separately and are then to be imported into LIMA documents. Consequently, LIMA inherits the concept of names and the concept of import from OPAL. In the original OPAL papers, it is often said that names are simply an abbreviation mechanism: A type expression seq[a] is simply considered as an abbreviation for an instantiation of the specification Seq with a and a renaming of the sort in seq with the identifier "seq[a]". Semantically, this is true since OPAL is in some sense a restriction to "monomorphic LCF", i.e. for all higher-order terms, which are interpreted as usual in cpo's, a non-polymorphic type can be inferred in each application context. From the type-inference point of view, however, this argument is not very helpful. The reason for this is the concept of uninstantiated import in OPAL-implementations; one may write: IMPLEMENTATION A IMPORT Seq ONLY seq ... This uninstantiated import introduces de facto a polymorphic signature with the sort seq α – the construction of monomorphic types in all expression contexts is a product of later stages of type checking. Since it is possible to import


This paper discusses the morphological properties of thermal-aged poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) resin by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and solid-state 13C-NMR. Also included is a method of applying the dynamic melt viscoelastic properties to determine the molecular weight distribution of the PPS resin. For virgin PPS resin, two resonance peaks were detected by NMR magic angle spinning (MAS) and cross polarization (CP) studies. However, four additional peaks can be seen for heat-treated PPS resin, indicating that the aromatic ring in PPS resin was attacked by sulfur-containing species or by the aryl ether group. The two most important reactions are crosslinking and chain extension. However, the chain extension is predominant when PPS is heated in nitrogen. The results coincide with the phenomenon observed in FT-IR studies. The molecular weight distribution of thermal-aged PPS resin was determined from dynamic melt viscoelasticity data. Results show that the longer the preheated time the broader the molecular weight distribution. It indicates that crosslinking and chain-extension reaction may have occurred when PPS resin was heated in air.


Aim:To investigate the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation on rats with pulmonary emphysema.Methods:Rat MSCs were separated,cultured,amplified and labelled with bromodeoxyuridine(Brdu).Thirty Wistar rats were randomized into three groups:normal control(NC) group,emphysema(E) group and transplantation(T) group,and ten rats in each group.The rats in E and T groups were to make pulmonary emphysema model by intratracheal instillation of lipopolysaccharide and daily exposure to cigarette,and the rats in T group were infused MSCs lablled by Brdu through tail vein.Pathologic analysis of the lung tissue was performed.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect Brdu and cytokeratin expression in the lung tissue.Results:Destruction of alveolar walls was observed in rat lungs of E and T groups,which was significantly ameliorated in group T.There were significant differences in the mean alveoli mumber(MAN) and pulmonary alveolar area (PAA) among the 3 groups(F=482.248,194.474,P0.001). MAN of T group was higher than that of E group(P0.05),but lower than that of NC group;PAA of T group was lower than that of E group,but higher than that of NC group(P0.05).Brdu-positive cells were detected in T group,and some Brdu-positive cells expressed cytokeratin (the marker of pneumocytes),but not in the other two groups.Conclusion:MSCs transplantation may reduce the lung inflammation and pathological changes,which may be related to the MSCs differentiation into alveolar epithelial cells.


A twice‐daily record of barometric pressure exists for Durham Observatory (54.768 °N, 1.584 °W, barometer cistern 107.3 m above mean sea level, MSL) from 23 July 1843 to 31 December 1960 and is published here for the first time. The Durham record, which is 98.7% complete, is by far the longest digital barometric pressure series in northern England and fills a very large temporal and spatial gap in the International Surface Pressure Database (ISPD: Cram et al, [2015] Geoscience Data Journal, 2, 31–46). In what is believed to be the first study of its kind, the record has been independently quality‐controlled against the NOAA–CIRES–DOE Twentieth Century Reanalysis version 3 (20CRv3; Slivinski et al., [2019] Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 145, 2876; Slivinski et al., [2021] Journal of Climate, 34, 1417–1438), which did not include the Durham records in its assimilation set. This paper describes the instruments used and their exposure, the sources of the record, digitization work undertaken to generate the digital time series (including quality control assessments using 20CRv3) and reduction to mean sea level pressure from station level observations, and examines consistency over the period of record against 20CRv3, concluding with a summary of monthly and annual means and extremes over the 117 year series and the details of the new dataset.


The reactions /sup 12/C(/sup 6/Li,/sup 8/B)/sup 10/Be ,/sup 6/Li(/sup 6/Li,/sup 8/B)/sup 4/H, /sup 12/C(/sup 7/Li,/sup 8/B)/sup 11/Be, and /sup 9/Be(/sup 7/Li,/sup 8/B)/sup 8/He have been studied at energies E/sub 6Li/ = 72 MeV and E/sub 7Li/ = 83 MeV at angles theta/sub lab/ = 10 and 12/sup 0/. The differential cross sections for the first two reactions are approx.10 ..mu..b/sr, and for /sup 9/Be(/sup 7/Li,/sup 8/B)/sup 8/He they do not exceed 0.1 ..mu..b/sr. An excited state of /sup 8/He with E* = 2.6 +- 0.2 MeV is observed. It is suggested that the spin and parity of this level are 2/sup +/.


Background: CLS causes severe yield loss in mung bean. To sustain mung bean health, it is vital to include alleles that may be useful in resisting CLS. Therefore, in the present study, 90 mung bean genotypes were included for assessing genetic diversity using 66 SSR markers for CLS resistance. Methods: The mung bean crop was regularly monitored for the presence of pathogen and development of CLS disease in natural field conditions during pre rabi 2018 and pre rabi 2019. CLS screening assessments of germplasms were carried out using a 1-5 rating scale. Total genomic DNA was isolated from the leaf samples of all the genotypes and SSR genotyping was performed. The genotyping data were analysed by using GenAlEx 6.51b2 and TASSEL 5.0 software programme for genetic diversity parameters.
Result: A moderate molecular diversity was observed in the panel population as a wide variation in alleles showed a range of 80 bp to 300 bp with the average PIC value of 0.40. The maximum percentage of polymorphic loci was 75.76% in the resistance genotypes followed by 56.06% in moderately resistant genotypes. The percentages of Shannon information among and within the population were found to be 44% and 56%, respectively. The archaeopterx tree differentiated the panel population into two major clusters, i.e., cluster I and cluster II, which were again sub divided into different sub-clusters and sub-sub clusters. These findings indicate that, the mung bean germplasm panel used in the present study could enrich the local gene pool and provide information for CLS resistance breeding.


Grossman investigated the influence of subject-specific course- work in the development of pedagogical content knowledge in English through contrasting case studies of six beginning English teachers, only three of whom graduated from teacher education. She describes the differences in the teachers' knowl edge regarding the purposes for teaching secondary English, curricular knowledge, and knowledge of student understand ing.


Objective:To investigate the clinical value of the mixture of ozone and air for enema reduction of intussusception in children.Methods:Data of 46 patients(ozone-group) treated by ozone-air mixture enema were studied,comparing with traditional air enema in 102 patients(air group).Results:In 45 of 46 cases in the ozone group,the intussusception was reduced successfully in one trial of ozone-air enema,the success rate was 97.8%(45/46).In one case the reduction was successful when the air enema was performed once again.The overall success rate was 100%.In the air group,the enema reduction was successful in one trial in 83 of 102 palients,the success rate was 81.4%(83/102).In 9 cases the reduction was successful when the air enema was carried out once again,and in 10 cases the reduction failed.The overall success rate was 90.1%(92/102).There was statistical siguificant difference in the overall success rate between the two groups(χ2=4.82,P0.05).There was also statistical significant difference in the success rate of once air enema between two groups(χ2=7.34,P0.01).The average radiation dose of the ozone group was(3.56±1.36)mSv,the average radiation dose of the air group was(5.82±2.25)mSv,the difference was statistically significant between the two groups(P0.05).Conclusion:The mixture of ozone and air enema for reduction of intussusception in children has a higher success rate with less radiation dose,being significantly superior to traditional air enema.


The invention relates to a building material dry mixture which is suitable for the production of fillers and next to hydraulic and / or non-hydraulic binders and mineral aggregates containing at least a lightweight aggregate. Those fillers obtainable starting from this building material dry mixture by adding water are characterized by a significantly reduced Frischrohdichte and better coverage in their application.