Dr. Nottis is an Educational Psychologist and Professor Emeritus of Education at Bucknell University. Her research has focused on meaningful learning in science and engineering education, approached from the perspective of Human Constructivism. She has authored several publications and given numerous presentations on the generation of analogies, misconceptions, and facilitating learning in science and engineering education. She has been involved in collaborative research projects focused on conceptual learning in chemistry, chemical engineering, seismology, and astronomy. Dr. Michael Prince is a professor of chemical engineering at Bucknell University and co-director of the National Effective Teaching Institute. His research examines a range of engineering education topics, including how to assess and repair student misconceptions and how to increase the adoption of research-based instructional strategies by college instructors and corporate trainers. He is actively engaged in presenting workshops on instructional design to both academic and corporate instructors. Margot Vigeant is a professor of chemical engineering at Bucknell University. She earned her B.S. in chemical engineering from Cornell University, and her M.S. and Ph.D., also in chemical engineering, from the University of Virginia. Her primary research focus is on engineering pedagogy at the undergraduate level. She is particularly interested in the teaching and learning of concepts related to thermodynamics. She is also interested in active, collaborative, and problem-based learning, and in the ways hands-on activities such as making, technology, and games can be used to improve student engagement. connection refine IDEAS extensive psychometrics social by in assessing learning and improving learning outcomes. Abstract Major chemical engineering concepts such as rate versus the amount of heat transferred and thermal radiation, can be difficult for undergraduates to understand. This can be due to prior knowledge built on what have been characterized as misconceptions [1]. Misconceptions about circumstances affecting the rate and amount of heat transferred have been observed in engineering students [2], [3]. Misconceptions about thermal radiation have also been documented [4], [2], [3]. Previous research has found that one way to facilitate conceptual understanding and alter misconceptions is with inquiry-based activities. However, there can be differing outcomes based on their method of implementation. This quasi-experimental study compared the learning that occurred when rate of heat transfer versus amount of heat transferred and thermal radiation were taught by two different computer simulation methods, students individually using simulations versus faculty demonstration of simulations. A secondary purpose of this study was to determine whether background information on concepts through previous coursework would impact students' conceptual understanding by each instructional method. Changes in conceptual understanding were assessed using the Heat and Energy Concept Inventory (HECI; [5], [6]) and two of its sub-tests: Rate versus Amount and Radiation. The majority of participants were White, male sophomores and juniors who were either chemical or mechanical engineering majors. Students using each instructional method showed improvement in understanding from pre- to post-test with each concept. However, the effectiveness of each approach varied by concept being taught. With rate versus amount, descriptive statistics showed greater improvement with the Student Simulation method. However, there were no significant differences between the two methods on the post-tests. With thermal radiation, there was greater improvement with Faculty Demonstration. Post-test results showed that those taught with the Instructor Demonstration method had significantly higher mean scores with a medium/moderate effect size, than those taught with the Student Simulation method. An examination of prior engineering coursework showed some variations that could possibly account for the findings. The differences found for concepts with simulation pedagogies raise questions about whether certain concepts require more scaffolding than others, especially if students are being introduced to a concept.


Moth-flame optimization will meet the premature and stagnation phenomenon when encountering difficult optimization tasks.

To overcome the above shortcomings, this paper presented a quasi-reflection moth-flame optimization algorithm with refraction learning called QRMFO to strengthen the property of ordinary MFO and apply it in various application fields.

In the proposed QRMFO, quasi-reflection-based learning increases the diversity of the population and expands the search space on the iteration jump phase; refraction learning improves the accuracy of the potential optimal solution.

Several experiments are conducted to evaluate the superiority of the proposed QRMFO in the paper; first of all, the CEC2017 benchmark suite is utilized to estimate the capability of QRMFO when dealing with the standard test sets compared with the state-of-the-art algorithms; afterward, QRMFO is adopted to deal with multilevel thresholding image segmentation problems and real medical diagnosis case.

Simulation results and discussions show that the proposed optimizer is superior to the basic MFO and other advanced methods in terms of convergence rate and solution accuracy.


Leucine aminopeptidase may contribute to the intrinsic resistance of cancer cells toward cisplatin as revealed by an ultrasensitive fluorescent probe.


A comparative study conducted among 46000 users and nonusers of OC (oral contraception) by the Royal College of General Practitioners showed that risk of venous thrombosis was 1.5 times higher in users of OC. A similar survey conducted by the College Francais de Pathologie Vasculaire gave the following results: 1) age does not influence the frequency of venous thrombosis; 2) obesity is not a contraindication to OC use; 3) smoking does not influence the frequence of venous thrombosis but it does influence the incidence of varicosities appearance; 4) varices and edemas can be related to high dosage of ethinyl estradiol; and 5) venous complications occur more often during the first 3 months of use. Further studies are needed to better clarify the problem. (Summary in ENG)


: Disaster, whether natural or human-made or hybrid are leaving indelible marks on humankind more often than what was experienced in the past and losses of both physical and financial possessions from these disasters, is extremely on the high side. Each time it occurs, it devastates the built environment and claims people live in significant numbers, leaving the victims in the affected locations in psychological trauma. Hence, the dire need for reconstruction surfaced and leaving room for an opportunity to build back better. This review paper focuses on the meaning, classification and benefits of Stakeholders of PDHR with emphasis on community involvement. As stakeholders' contributions to disaster recovery projects with a focus on three qualities, namely; power, legitimacy and urgency have fundamental outcomes on the objectives of PDHR projects. The paper believes that, for a successful project where targeted objectives in pertinent with cost, time, performance, quality and satisfaction are to be obtained, adequate representation of stakeholders (affected communities or beneficiaries) is non-negotiable as this will offer more resilient communities better than the disaster met them. It recommends current research should concentrate more on community participation practices; in its true letter in spirit, and their impacts, as this will break forth light in the nearest future thereby encouraging sustainability of post-disaster recovery projects where all stakeholders will have value for their contributions of knowledge and resources.


One way to encourage the safe use of potentially hazardous household products is to provide a warning message on the label. But will the consumer bother to look at the message? In Experiment 1 subjects were asked to imagine themselves purchasing a number of household products. They then rated the products on skin-contact hazard, inhalation hazard, swallowing hazard and overall hazard. They also rated the likelihood that they would look for a warning and how familiar they were with the product. In Experiment 2 more detailed information about familiarity with products was collected along with hazard ratings. Together the results of the two experiments indicate that subjects do discriminate products on overall hazard. They also rate skin contact hazard lowest, inhalation hazard intermediate and swallowing hazard highest. The more hazardous they perceive a product, the more likely they will look for a warning. Further, females are more likely to look for warnings than males. Also, perceived hazard varies inversely with familiarity. The principal conclusion is that factors such as perceived hazard, familiarity and sex influence the consumer's decision to look for a warning message on the labels of potentially hazardous household products.


This chapter addresses the role and impact of community colleges on the pursuit of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education and on the workforce. In order to understand the role of community colleges in STEM education and the related impact on the workforce, potential factors that may or may not contribute to the success of the implementation of new initiatives, programs, partnerships, and funding must be identified. In addition, the alignment needed between community colleges and workforce development programs in order to fulfill the demand of many STEM jobs across the nation must also be identified. Currently, community colleges are facing a number of challenges, and one of those is to become the main supplier of individuals with the right skills and training for the workforce to fulfill the needs of the community as well as different industries.


ABSTRACT Bob Dylan's song "Chimes of Freedom" marks a creative turning point in the evolution of his art. Dylan displays his debts to influential artists from Woody Guthrie to Allen Ginsberg, and he engages dialectically with iconic American artworks including "The New Colossus" and "The Star-Spangled Banner." Dylan also works through his grief over the Kennedy assassination and wrestles with his increasingly complicated relationship with the American political Left. "Chimes of Freedom" is at once the high-water mark of Dylan's achievement as a protest singer and his resignation letter as spokesperson for a political movement he had outgrown by 1964.


Electrons in the mono-layer atomic sheet of graphene have a long coherence length of the order of micrometers. We will show that this coherence is transmitted into the vacuum via electric field assisted electron emission from the graphene edge. The emission current density is given analytically. The parity of the carbon pi-electrons leads to an image whose center is dark as a result of interference. A dragonfly pattern with a dark body perpendicular to the edge is predicted for the armchair edge whose emission current density is vanishing with the mixing angle of the pseudo-spin. The interference pattern may be observed up to temperatures of thousand Kelvin as evidence of coherent field emission. Moreover, this phenomenon leads to a novel coherent electron line source that can produce interference patterns of extended objects with linear sizes comparable to the length of the graphene edge.


This paper assesses the effects of the community sex ratio on black family formation and family structure in nonmetropolitan parishes in Louisiana. As predicted the sex ratio is found to have strong positive effects on marriage prevalence for black women the prevalence of husband and wife families for black families and the percentage of black children residing in husband and wife families and strong negative effects on the nonmarital fertility ratio for black women. (EXCERPT)


Ozone is considered to be the single most important trace species in the atmosphere. It initiates photochemistry, it is a key non-CO? "greenhouse" molecule, and it can damage vegetation and human health. There are indications that ozone is increasing in the global troposphere, perhaps 20? over the past two decades. However, the data sets available for this period are too limited in global and temporal coverage and their long-term relative accuracy has been seriously questioned. Ozone measurements are also of value as a tracer in the dynamical processes of exchange between the stratosphere and troposphere. A high resolution ground-based instrument with a short measurement time and reliable long-term precision would help fill some of these needs. To this end, the lidar technique seems particularly well suited.


We found the review by [O'Brien & Oyebode (2003)][1] useful in its scope and breadth. It is worth emphasising that many potential cardiovascular side-effects are more likely to occur in old age. Moreover, we would add that the cholinesterase inhibitors, a class of psychotropic medication not


Bruce Pascoe provides evidence which might make you change your mind about Indigenous Australians being hunter-gatherers. And Flash Viola and his 4x4 club are assisting the family of a young boy who is losing his sight.


The optimal binary tree is also defined as Huffman tree.Its' encode is derived from the number of occurrences of a symbol that called its frequency.The choice of Binary tree with two same minimum weighted values is not exclusive,so method of determination of Huffman Encoding is not exclusive.by using the method in this paper,Its' encoding and translated code is the only determination.A example is also given in this paper to prove some practical value.


Prior to the launch of new cultivars, it is important to carry out studies to observe the productive behavior of plants in each soil and climatic condition. The objective of this study was to present production and physical-chemical characteristics of fruits of blackberry genotypes cultivated in the Campos de Cima da Serra do Rio Grande do Sul and to indicate genotypes with potential to be released as cultivars or to follow in the breeding program of culture. The experiment was conducted in 2018, in the municipality of Vacaria/RS, in the Embrapa Grape and Wine - Experimental Station of Fruticulture of Temperate Wheater. The following genotypes were evaluated: Cultivares Tupy, Xingu and Xavante, and selections Black 112, Black 139, Black 145, Black 181, Black 198, Black 212, Black 216 and Black 288. The following variables were analyzed: Production: Production per plant, production per hectare and number of fruits per plant. Post-Harvest: Average mass, length, diameter, soluble solids, juice pH and titratable total acidity. It was observed that the selections Black 145, Black 198 and Black 216, due to the high production of fruits, have the potential to be released as new cultivars, surpassing cv. Tupy and equaling the production of cv. Xingu. The Black 287, Black 288 and Black 212 selections are suitable for in natura consumption due to the chemical characteristics of the fruits.


The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of university student tutors on the self concept of third, fourth, and fifth grade pupils. The study took place in two elementary schools in East Baton Rouge Parish in Louisiana. Statement of the Problem The following null hypothesis was tested using the .05 level of significance: there is no significant difference in the self concepts of elementary school pupils who were in the control group (not tutored) and in the experimental group (tutored). Procedure The tutors who partieipated in the study were forty-eight students enrolled in Education 3111, at Louisiana State University in the fall semester, 1974. There were two sections, taught by the same instructor, included in the study. The course included instruction in methods of reading and language arts, Elementary pupils in the experimental group, children who were tutored, and in the control group, children who were not tutored, were randomly selected from eight classrooms in two schools in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Grades three, four, and five were used because the Piers-Harris Children's Self Concept Scale, the instrument used in this study, was not validated below the third grade. The tutoring lasted fourteen weeks. The first two weeks the tutors worked with the pupils twice a week for approximately thirty minutes each session. For the remainder of the semester tutorial sessions were held four times a week. A post-test, given by the experimenter, measured differences in self concepts of the experimental group and the control group. The Piers-Harris Children's Self Concept Scale was used for this purpose. The experimental design for this study was the randomized, control group, post-test only method. Analysis of Data In order to adequately test the hypothesis the students were divided into the following subgroups: group (experimental and control), race (black and white), sex (male and female), grade level (fourth, fifth, sixth), achievement (high, average, low), and school (University Terrace Elementary and Westdale Elementary). An analysis of variance was computed for each subgroup and the inter action of the subgroups. The F-ratio tested for signifi


Defect states in Cu2ZnSn(SxSe1� x)4 thin films with x ¼0.28, 0.36, and 1 were studied by combining photoluminescence (PL) and modulated surface photovoltage (SPV) spectroscopy. A single broad band emission in the PL spectra was observed and can be related to quasi-donor-acceptor pair transitions. The analysis of the temperature dependent quenching of the PL band (x ¼0.28, 0.36, and 1) and SPV (x ¼0.28) signals resulted in activation energies below 150meV for PL and about 90 and 300meV for SPV. Possible intrinsic point defects that might be associated with these observed activation energies are discussed. V C 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.


Blocking protein-protein interactions (PPIs) involved in the initiation of the cell attachment and entry of viruses is an important antiviral mechanism of action including for neutralizing antibodies. Doing it with small-molecule inhibitors (SMIs) is challenging, as it is for all other PPIs, and might require the exploration of chemical space beyond that of typical drug-like structures. However, it could lead to new antiviral agents suitable for oral administration and acting on alternative targets, considerations that are essential for the development of widely acceptable and broad-spectrum preventive or curative therapeutics. Fostemsavir, an antiretroviral that acts via blocking of the gp120–CD4 PPI, supports the feasibility of the concept. Here, a brief review of relevant drug design considerations is presented together with a summary of the progress made toward the identification of SMIs targeting the PPI between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and ACE2 that initiates the viral attachment and cellular entry of this coronavirus causing the COVID-19 pandemic. SMIs identified in various screening assays that were also confirmed to have antiviral activity in a live virus or pseudovirus assay with an IC50 < 30 µM so far include several organic dyes (methylene blue, Evans blue, Congo red, direct violet 1), verteporfin, DRI-C23041, and cannabigerolic and cannabidiolic acids. While specificity and activity profiles still need improvement, results so far already provide proof-of-principle evidence for the feasibility of SMIs targeting the SARS-CoV-2-S–hACE2 PPI. Methylene blue, which is approved for clinical use, is orally bioactive, and could act by multiple mechanisms of action, might have potential for repurposing for COVID-19 prevention and treatment.


In the present work I presented the risk of poverty in Romania considering the economic and social determination. I highlighted that poverty in Romania, is a mix of economic, educational, cultural etc. factors and reinforced by the lack of family or social support. Among the most significant correlative causes of poverty are: lack of money-unemployment, low salaries, lack of money, lack of food-hunger, deprivation, misery, lack of culture, lack of housing, disease, decay, addictions, political causes, individual causes, etc. I analyzed the dynamics of the decision-making behavior of the population of Romania both as a whole and as segments of the market, in terms of age, sex, residence environment, etc. in the market acts, regarding the purchase and consumption decision. The approach and treatment of the poverty must be understand regarding to the systemic economic-social-psychologically interaction. The impact of risk of poverty on the segments of the market is reflected in the production of goods and services; increasing of this type of risk lead to diminishing and modifying the request and further lead to diminishing supply, business failure, etc.


A method for diagnosing autoimmune hepatitis, characterized in that a patient a biological sample contacted with at least a fragment of Myosin-9 and / or Filamin A in contact, and the binding of antibodies is detected to the fragments, wherein one by the detection of antibodies against these fragments is diagnosed autoimmune hepatitis in the sample.


Most recent studies that have documented declining antibiotic use in young children were conducted in office-based settings. Now, researchers have done a national study in all 3 major outpatient settings: offices, emergency departments, …


Sea level rise and the increased power of storms have led to frequent flooding in low-lying coastal areas.1 The U.S. Federal Interagency Sea Level Rise and Coastal Flood Hazard Task Force predicts that by 2050, high tide flood frequencies will affect the Northeast Atlantic region of the United States between 45 to 130 days a year, compared to 3.4 to 6 days per year between 2000 and 2015.2 This increase in flooding will cause increased "sunny day" and nuisance flooding of coastal highways (including all types of streets and roads),3 requiring governments to make difficult choices about how to maintain and manage this infrastructure. This fact sheet provides information for municipalities about the legal context for three possible responses to highway flooding: elevation, discontinuance, and abandonment.


The sweetness of domestic life begins with the labor of mankind. The connection and happiness of the human relationship is due to the combination of the two hearts. The Ancient Tamil community has observed that although sexual desire is a fundamental characteristic of living organisms, morality, honesty and high character should be practiced in them. This article focuses on the sociological interpretation of the immoral attacks of the leader in tamil poems created by promoting morality, the physiological lying characteristics of the leader and the psychological implications they create.


New jaw crusher's mechanism is simplified based on wavelet transformation.The analysis and calculation results on wavelet hamming distance of test points' moving track indicate that the line-contact mechanism can reflect this machine's structure character when the restriction between elbow and elbow-seat is required to be simplified.So line-contact mechanism should be considered in the next dynamic analysis or modal analysis and this simplified method can ensure the analysis result can well describe the nature of its working.


The high frequency conductivity of thin metallic and graphitic nano-films attracts interest due to many potential applications in spin electronics, electromagnetic shielding, flexible antennas, displays, and in solar cells. Surface morphology of thin conducting nano-films typically consists of an isolated clustering structure, which can evolve into a conducting percolated network [1]. The high frequency conductance of such materials is not well understood. We present measurements of microwave conductivity of thin optically transparent films in a coplanar waveguide (CPW) configuration [2]. Fig. 1 shows a signal flow graph of a two port microwave network representing a section of CPW with a conducting thin film specimen. The CPW outside the specimen section has a real characteristic impedance Z0, while the material's properties in the specimen section are represented by the complex impedance Zs that depends on the reflection (Γ) and transmission (e ) coefficients; propagation constant (γ ) and propagation length (l). We determine the relation between the experimentally measured scattering parameters (S11) and (S21), complex impedance (Zs) and propagation constant (γ ) for the CPW test structure through a signal flow graph method. Once the signal flow is solved for γ and Zs , then the conductance Gs and the capacitance Cs of the specimen can be determined from conventional transmission line relations.


Question: A 67-year-old man was referred and admitted because of massive ascites that had been identified 2 weeks earlier. He had been healthy without any previous history of disease. Physical examination revealed his abdomen to be markedly distended; however, no tenderness or muscle defense was observed. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed massive ascites containing fibrin-like precipitates. The gallbladder seemed to be filled with mass shadow with an irregular and mosaic echo pattern, and the gallbladder wall was absent. The radial mass shadow was also observed to continue into the abdominal cavity like seaweed through the ruptured gallbladder wall (Figure A). No bloodstream sign was observed in the mass shadow in the gallbladder by Doppler ultrasonography. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) also showed massive ascites. There seemed to be an absence of the gallbladder wall, as observed by ultrasonography, and the gallbladder was filled with ascites through the wall. A tumor with contrast enhancement was observed in the neck of the gallbladder by contrast enhanced CT (Figure B, arrows). There was no tumor observed in the liver. No dilation of the intra- or extrahepatic biliary duct was observed. The initial laboratory tests included a white blood cell count of 8200/uL, a C-reactive protein level of 6.05 mg/dL (normal range, up to 0.20), and a total


The variation of the microstructure and hardness of a Cu-Cr-Zr alloy in various strains and ageing temperatures is investigated. The results show that the hardness of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy can be increased by the cold deformation and the ageing heat treatment, respectively, and the comprehensive result of ageing treatment after cold deformation for the Cu-Cr-Zr alloy is more remarkable. The hardness of the alloy appears a peak while ageing at 480℃.


We report first-principles calculations, within density functional theory, on the lead halide compounds PbCl2, PbBr2, and CH3NH3PbBr3-xClx, taking into account spin-orbit coupling. We show that, when the modified Becke-Johnson exchange potential is used with a suitable choice of defining parameters, excellent agreement between calculations and experiment is obtained. The computational model is then used to study the effect of replacing the methylammonium cation in CH3NH3PbI3 and CH3NH3PbBr3 with either N2H+5 or N2H+3, which have slightly smaller ionic radii than methylammonium. We predict that a considerable downshift in the values of the band gaps occurs with this replacement. The resulting compounds would extend optical absorption down to the near-infrared region, creating excellent light harvesters for solar cells.


Abstract This study determined the level to which the learners' errors and misconceptions were reduced when a teaching intervention was directed at their learner challenges. Data was collected from a sample of four boys and six girls of varying mathematical ability from a grade 10 classroom. Participating learners wrote pre-intervention tasks on simplifying rational algebraic expressions. After identifying the errors and misconceptions exhibited by the learners, lesson plans where developed, followed by teaching, which focused on the identified er rors and misconceptions. Post-intervention tasks were then written with similar items to the pre-intervention tasks. Post intervention results showed that teaching directed at identified errors and misconceptions helped reduce the errors learners make on average. However, there are some errors that remained difficult to remediate as they kept on appearing even among good mathematics learners. The study recommends further research on algebraic errors, which could not be alleviated by the teaching intervention.


BACKGROUND
Pathogenic antiphospholipid antibodies studies are usually conducted on populations of adults. Studies involving normal children are scant.

METHODS
Antibody reactivity against CL alone (true aCL), CL-complexed to bovine beta(2)GP-I (aCL-bovine beta(2)GP-I), or human (aCL-human beta(2)GP-I) beta(2)GP-I, or to phospholipid-free human beta(2)GP-I (anti-human beta(2)GP-I) was determined by ELISA in serum samples from 360 Mexican children ranging from 1 month through 8 years of age.

RESULTS
Statistical analysis of variance and rankings of Kruskal-Wallis demonstrated no significant difference in all tested antibody activities between ages and genders of the study population. Values are presented as a percentile distribution included between 5 and 99, corresponding to the percentages of the studied population. Normal arbitrary units (AU) for IgG, IgA, and IgM true aCL that correspond to the 95 and 99 percentiles are as follows: 2.15 and 3.5; 2.35 and 5.0, and 3.15 and 4.5, respectively. IgG, IgA, and IgM aCL-bovine beta(2)GP-I activities are 2.6 and 5.0, 3.0 and 5.0, and 2.7 and 6.0 AU, respectively, while IgG activities of aCL-bovine and human beta(2)GP-I are 1.45 and 1.80, respectively. Normal values for IgG anti-human beta(2)GP-I are 1.85 AU.

CONCLUSIONS
While elevated serum levels of antibodies to CL and/or beta(2)GP-I have been associated with thrombotic and hematologic manifestations, the majority of reports deal with adult populations. We report the cut-off values (in AU, international PL units, and international units for beta(2)GP-I) of the specific serologic response of true aCL, aCL-bovine beta(2)GP-I, aCL-human beta(2)GP-I, and anti-human beta(2)GP-I in healthy Mexican children.


The troubles often occurred on the communication line in Qingshan Thermal Power Plant,and it was not convenient to communicate with local trunk.The telephone charge for each subscriber is not clear and hard to manage.To start with the analysis of digital exchanger system,the corresponding measures for improvement were put forward.


Energy flux of stress waves propagating through anisotropic crystals has been shown by previous investigators [1,2] to deviate from the direction of the normal to the plane wave. Fiber-reinforced materials, which are also anisotropic, exhibit the same phenomena [3].


. In this paper, the static mechanical properties of a spherical magnetically suspending rotor are studied based on the finite element analysis method. The structure of the spherical magnetically suspending rotor is designed. The characteristics of the spherical magnetically suspending rotor are analysed and the necessity of static analysis is pointed out. The main content and general flow of statics analysis are discussed. The two working modes (GUI mode and command flow mode based on APDL) of the finite element software ANSYS are compared and analysed. Then the finite element model of the spherical magnetically suspending rotor is established by the command flow method, and the detailed modelling steps are given. On this basis, the static characteristics of the spherical magnetically suspending rotor are simulated and analysed. The simulation results show that the maximum equivalent stress and rigid body displacement of the rotor are within the safety threshold at a design speed of 10000rpm.


The utility model provides a pressure -bearing rock failure mechanism of rock unstability process and developments infiltration characteristic test device, utilize jumbo size pressure -bearing permeability of rock test device, through pressure -bearing rock failure mechanism of rock unstability in -process stress and strain signal, the data acquisition and processing system of acoustic emission signal and apparent resistivity signal, obtain the stress and strain relation of jumbo size pressure -bearing rock failure mechanism of rock unstability in -process, acoustic emission event quantity, position and pressure -bearing water logging are led thoroughly and are risen the rock apparent resistivity change rule who arouses, rock failure mechanism of rock in -process crack is expanded under obtaining water - power coupling, link up with the dynamic evolution law of unstability and corresponding developments infiltration characteristic with it. Research rock water - couple of force closes failure mechanisms and pressure -bearing infiltration characteristic, and the deformation of rock link up and destroys characteristic and the permeability evolution law of pressure -bearing water in - lining up - destructive process is expanded in the crack with strength property, crack extension under water - power coupling. Has important construction value in the aspect of realizing pressure -bearing safe mining under safe water pressure of aquifer on water.


The antioxidant activities of ethanolic crude extract (ECE) and its five different solvent sub-fractions (namely, petroleum ether fraction (PEF), dichloromethane fraction (DMF) ethyl acetate fraction (EAF), n-butyl alcohol fraction (BAF) and the rest fraction (RF) from Clerodendrum inerme were investigated using several in vitro antioxidant assays. ECE and five sub-fractions possessed different antioxidant and radical-scavenging activities in different assays. BAF showed the most potent radical-scavenging activity on DPPH radicals with EC50 value of 0.28 mg/ml. EAF exhibited the highest ABTS radicals with EC50 value of 0.46 mg/mL. The total phenolics contents (TPC) and total flavonoid contents (TFC) were also determined. RF had the highest TPC (10.73 mg GAE/g DW), and BAF had the highest TF contents C (3.81 mg RT/g DW). Our work offers theoretical basis for C. inerme as a potential source of natural antioxidants.


The control system of accelerator which is situated in CSR. Because of the narrow space we should use small keyboard. The author designed and developed an IME on this system. By designing and developing the IME,we achieved an essential understanding of the basic principles and fundamental methods for IME on the Windows platform. This article conducted an in-depth anal-ysis of the two major processes in the development and design of IME on the Windows platform:the development of the IME and the design of the installation process. We also provided a summary of the principles of developing IME on the Windows platform.


When prevalence data or other statistics related to overweight and obesity are presented the criteria used to obtain such information must be defined. As described by Kuczmarski and Flegal the definitions of overweight and obesity in adults have varied over time and sometimes from study to study. Editors of both scientific and lay publications should be aware of the consequences and confusion of reporting statistics without providing the criteria used to define overweight and obesity. Overweight and obesity constitute an important public health problem because of the associated increased risk of hypertension coronary heart disease type 2 diabetes stroke gall bladder disease certain types of cancer osteoarthritis sleep apnea and other disorders. A World Health Organization (WHO) Consultation described obesity as a chronic disease that is so prevalent in both developed and developing countries that it is replacing the more traditional public health concerns such as undernutrition and infectious diseases as a significant contributor to ill health. In the United States the significance of this observation has been emphasized in Healthy People 2010 a comprehensive nationwide health-promotion and disease-prevention agenda prepared under the leadership of the US Department of Health and Human Services. In fact monitoring the proportion of children and adolescents who are overweight or obese and of adults who are obese has been identified as 1 of the 10 leading health indicators associated with Healthy People 2010. (excerpt)


ABSTRACT We investigated the relationship between stomach capacity and total body length in bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), spotted bass (Micropterus punctulatus), white crappie (Pornoxis annularis), black crappie (Pornoxis nigrornaculatus), channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), and white bass (Morone chrysops). The rate of change in stomach capacity for a given change in fish length was greatest for spotted bass and channel catfish, which may indicate greater ontogenetic shifts in feeding strategies. Fish with larger stomach capacities should have more plastic diets because they are capable of consuming a wider range of prey sizes, particularly when they already have prey present in their stomach, compared to fish with smaller stomach capacities and similar feeding strategies.


Lipid and immune pathways are crucial in the pathophysiology of metabolic and cardiovascular disease. Arachidonic acid (AA) and its derivatives link nutrient metabolism to immunity and inflammation, thus holding a key role in the emergence and progression of frequent diseases such as obesity, diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular disease. We herein present a synopsis of AA metabolism in human health, tissue homeostasis, and immunity, and explore the role of the AA metabolome in diverse pathophysiological conditions and diseases.


An order–disorder transition occurs in 1-adamantanol at 359 K on heating and at 342 K on cooling, with transition entropies of 36 and 34 J K−1 mol−1, respectively. FT-ir spectra show that free hydroxyl groups exist in the high temperature phase, but the majority of the O—H groups remain hydrogen bonded. The barrier to adamantyl group rotation in the low-temperature phase, determined from proton spin–lattice relaxation time measurements, is 20.9 Kj mol−1, and the barrier to rotation in the high-temperature phase is 35.0 kJ mol−1.


Even in the era of the COVID‐19 pandemic, trauma remains the global leading cause of mortality under the age of 49. Trauma‐induced coagulopathy is a leading driver of early mortality in critically ill patients, and transfusion of platelet products is a life‐saving intervention to restore hemostasis in the bleeding patient. However, despite extensive functional studies based on viscoelastic assays, limited information is available about the impact of platelet transfusion on the circulating molecular signatures in trauma patients receiving platelet transfusion.


【Objective】 The objective of the study was to explore the effects of rain-shelter cultivation on ecological environment and physiological characteristics of sweet cherry. 【Method】 The 8-year-old 'Lapins', 'Wanhongzhu' and 'Yellow star'/'Daqing-ye' were used as materials, and the temperature, humidity and light intensity under rain-shelter cultivation were surveyed by recording instrument. Meanwhile, the main phenophase was observed. At the harvest time, the physiological index including chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, shoot growth and fruit quality were investigated. The fruit cracking percentage was surveyed after the rain. 【Result】 The results showed that the temperature and humidity were relatively stable under rain-shelter cultivation covered by polythene paulin of 80% light transmittance.The light intensity was significantly lower in rain shelter cultivation than in open field, the new shoot was longer but thinner, the leaf area was larger and the chlorophyll content increased, but the leaf photosynthetic rate decreased. The maturation period was delayed by 2 to 3 days, The rain shelter cultivation had no significant effect on the fruit quality. The fruit cracking rate was below 5% and significantly lower than that of control. 【Conclusion】 The studies suggested that the fruit cracking of sweet cherry can be effectively controlled by the rain-shelter cultivation.


A series of osteological characters of Taverneichthys bikanericus from the continental Paleocene of India are studied, allowing specifying its systematic position within the Osteoglossidae. It is shown that on the basis of its peculiar snout morphology this species occupies an intermediate position between genera such as Chanopsis and Phareodus, which possess a primitive snout with a large dermethmoid reaching the frontals and separating the two nasals from each other, and such as Brychaetus, Musperia, Opsithrissops, Osteoglossum and Scleropages, which exhibit an evolved snout. The latter presents nasals, which are articulated to the frontals, meeting each other on the mid-line, except at their anterior edge, where a small dermethmoid, largely separated from the frontals, is inserted between.


With the exponential rise of human activities in the past decades, majority of studies conducted in Taal Volcano Protected Landscape (TVPL) are geared towards the conservation and preservation of Lake Taal's remaining biodiversity. However, the current structure and assemblage of its terrestrial biotic communities remain relatively unstudied. In this study, we conducted biodiversity censuses in the four sites in TVPL to provide baseline information regarding the community structure of the selected study sites. Comparison of the plant diversity in Taal Volcano Crater Island and Romandan Falls within the forested areas of Mataas na Kahoy, Batangas reveal that both sites support remarkably different vegetation, with the former supporting a smaller floral diversity. The fairly small number of animal samples present difficulty in providing conclusive findings to the wildlife structure of the two study sites. However, the presence of 11 animal species exhibit valuable results in determining the ecological status of TVPL. It is deduced that several ecological barriers exist between the sites, which is attributed to their unique terrestrial biota.


Preface 1. Inaugural ceremony 2. Business sessions 3. Closing ceremony 4. Resolutions 5. Report of executive committee 2006-9 6. Reports on divisions, commissions and working groups 7. Statutes, bye-laws, and working rules 8. Rules and guidelines for scientific meetings 9. Composition of divisions, commissions and working groups 10. National membership 11. Individual membership by national members 12. Individual membership by commission Index.


Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide an empirical analysis on aid-related misconduct and sectoral regulatory failures. Via a series of Oxfam revelations, this paper aims to highlight potential civil and administrative remedies to rectify wrongdoings and increase accountability in aid organizations.

Design/methodology/approach
Chronicling recent revelations of misconduct by aid workers, this paper begins with an overview of moral and legal responsibilities of the entrusted; then it illustrates how the Oxfam misconduct violates those moral and legal responsibilities in aid delivery. The author draws upon legal and administrative dilemmas on regulating the aid sector and aid workers' behavior. Finally, this paper offers practical civil remedies for the harmed and administrative remedies for long-term institutional reforms.

Findings
The damage – across a broad spectrum of interests, caused by aid workers engaging in exploitative conduct – not only is a betrayal of the trust reposed by vulnerable people in these individuals but also a failure with far-reaching implications on the part of the donor organizations. The use of the criminal law in aid-related misconduct is highly problematic, assuming a specific offense is committed (which, in many cases, it may not have). There are jurisdictional limitations on the ability of donor countries and international regulations other than in regard to peacekeepers are almost nonexistent. Given such context, civil and administrative remedies provide a viable alternative for the harmed who seek justice.

Research limitations/implications
Legal remedies can be highly jurisdictional contingent. Depending on the specific jurisdiction where misconduct takes place, there are potentially other suited remedies not mentioned in this paper to address aid workers' unethical behavior.

Practical implications
This paper provides tips on using existing legal channel (the civil law) and available pro bono resources to hold transgressors and their employers accountable.

Social implications
Effective regulating aid-related conduct prevents further harm on vulnerable people and restores public trust in the aid sector.

Originality/value
This paper addresses the regulatory blind spot on aid workers' exploitative conduct through the context of Oxfam revelations. Second, it provides practical policy recommendations for navigating legal and administrative dilemmas on regulating aid workers' behavior.


The Wagner theory for the bending and buckling of straight bars of thin-walled open section is extended to circular curved bars and rings. The differential equations of equilibrium are determined by a summation of force components, whereas the natural boundary conditions are derived by the minimum potential energy principle. The effects of nonuniform torsion, unsymmetrical loading, elastic foundation, and axial extension are included. The buckling of a ring subjected to a uniform external pressure is treated. The critical pressure is found to be the root of a cubic characteristic equation. Simplified solutions are found by restricting the generality, thereby reducing the characteristic equation to the first order.


The Kerr (MIT Rad Lab Vol. 13) graphical approximation for the height-gain functions used in trans-horizon diffraction propagation field strength computations are modified so as to be valid, assuming wavelengths of 3 meters or less, for all surface media, both polarizations, and low antenna heights down to zero. The modifications are particularly important for VHF-UHF vertically polarized propagation over sea water between low altitude electromagnetic platforms.<<ETX>>


The article analyzed about the developing possibility and necessity of traditional sports in background of modern sports,then it was thought that traditional sports has its opportunity through probing the form of activity,the meaning of culture and organization.


The bactericidal properties of the combined inhibitor with respect to two types of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans and Desulfomicrobium sulfate-reducing bacteria were studied. The effect of the inhibitor on the number of bacterial cells and the formation of hydrogen sulfide in Postgate nutrient Postgate "B" was evaluated. It has been shown that the combined inhibitor exhibits a bacteriostatic effect on to sulphate-reducing bacteria. It was revealed that the degree of suppression of the number of microorganisms Desulfovibrio desulfuricans at a concentration of the combined inhibitor 100,0 mg/L is higher than Desulfomicrobium. In the latter case, to achieve this effect, 120,0 mg/L concentration of the combined inhibitor is required. The studied combination inhibitor causes the inhibition of hydrogen diffusion in steel St3 in the MI medium saturated with H2S and CO2 separately and together, and also contributes to preserving the ductile properties of the steel St3 after exposure to solutions compared to non-inhibited media.


Strategic management is a critical component for the effective performance of an organization. Many successful organizations have consistently performed better than their competitors mainly because they have implemented strategic management. The Ministry of Education (MOE) in the Republic of Kenya expects that all secondary schools put in place strategic management for performance improvement and the realization of the national goals of education. The Principal plays a pivotal role in the adoption of school improvement initiatives such as strategic management. This study sought to find out the effects of Principals' team work capabilities on the adoption of strategic management in Public Secondary Schools. The study found out that Principals' team work capabilities had a significant effect on the adoption of strategic management in Public Secondary Schools. Keywords: Principals, Team work capabilities, Adoption, Strategic Management


Polylactic acid (PLA) is a thermoplastic polyester produced from lactic acid. It has become a popular material due to its economic cost and renewable resources. It is the most widely used filament material in 3D printing process. Its biocompatibility and biodegradability made it a perfect choice for medical implants. Its usage in 3D printing also provided flexibility in implant design and production. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of printing parameters, namely layer height, print speed, infill and shell number, on the tensile and flexural properties of PLA test samples produced by 3D printing. Taguchi method was used to design the experiments. During the optimization of the parameters larger the better signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ratio) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used with the aid of Minitab 2019 software. The most effective first and second parameters for tensile loading were infill and number of shells and for bending they were number of shells and infill then followed by printing speed and layer height for both. The optimum parameters for tensile properties were obtained as 0.15 mm layer height, 60 mm/s print speed, 50 % infill and 5 lines of shell. For flexural properties they were 0.10 mm, 100 mm/s, 25% and 5 lines, respectively.


We examine the impact of the tick size reduction introduced by the CBOE in 2007 in its second pilot program on the simultaneous price discovery process in the markets for options and their underlying securities. We first document a major dependence in both the Information Shares (IS) and Component Shares (CS) approaches to the estimation of the price discovery metrics on the inversion method of the option value to find the implied stock price. We then introduce a more accurate inversion method that results in a major increase in the information shares of option markets for both IS and CS metrics compared to the dominant Lagged Implied Volatility (LIV) inversion method. In all cases, however, we document a major impact of the tick size reduction in the option market that increases the option market information shares for all metrics and all inversion methods.


To solve the end effect occurring in empirical mode decomposition adopted in the course of decomposition, we propose an improved method on the basis of time-sequence analysis and cosine window function. First, the ARMA (Autoregressive Moving Average) of time-varying parameter is adopted to extend signals, and thus the extended data can be smoothly connected with the original signal at the end. Second, the extended signals are processed with cosine window, so that the extended errors will exert no impact on the existing data. Finally, the signals processed as above mentioned will be decomposed with EMD to confine the end effect to the ends of the signal. The simulation and fault signal analysis prove that the proposed method can effectively reduce the impact of the end effect and be applied in rotating machinery fault diagnosis.


In this work, we forge a powerful, easy-to-visualize, flexible, consistent, and disciplined abstract vector framework for particle and astro physics that is compliant with the holographic principle. We demonstrate that the structural properties of the complex number and the sphere enable us to introduce and define the triplex number—an influential information structure that is similar to the 3D hyper-complex number by D. White and P. Nylander—which identifies a 3D analogue of (2D) complex space. Consequently, we engage the complex and triplex numbers as abstract vectors to systematically encode the state space of the Riemannian dual 3D and 4D space-time topologies, where space and time are dual and interconnected; we use the triplex numbers (with triplex multiplication) to extend 1D and 2D algebraic systems to 3D and 4D configurations. In doing so, we equip space-time with order parameter fields for topological deformations. Finally, to exemplify our motivation, we provide three example applications for this framework.


The eastern part of coastal area is one of the fast growing urban area in Surabaya. Increasing in population and industrial growth have driven increasing demands for natural resources, particularly water. The objectives of this study are to identify the quality of the coastal groundwater through insitu measurement and laboratory analyses, and to find out its potential to be utilized as a source of water for coastal aquaculture. Groundwater samples from 70 sampling stasiun have been taken from east Surabaya coastal area. Measurements of the temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen of the samples carried out directly insitu, and measurements of concentration of nitrate, nitrit, ammonia, sulphide, and posphate conducted in the Environmental Laboratory of ITS. The results show that coastal groundwater in west part of the study area, in only very small area, can be used as a drinking water, and in almost


Six strains of house flies, Musca domestica L. (4 resistant and 2 susceptible) were studied in relation to their moisture preference for pupation through the use of 2-section and 4-section dishes containing media with various moisture. In both cases the resistant strains selected drier areas to pupate than the susceptible strains. Statistically significant differences were found in moisture preference between media with 20, 10, and 5% moisture differences and also between strains when there were moisture differences of 5 and 10%.


The olive tree (Olea europaea), a venerable plant indigenous to the Mediterranean Basin from time immemorial bears fruits -olives- the oily flesh of which can be consumed by humans without much processing. Olive oils, which traditionally are produced by pressing the whole fruits followed by washing with water, are used primarily in human nutrition. In addition, olive oil is of value in various pharmaceutical applications. As integral constituents of the Mediterranean diet, olives and olive oils contribute in large measure to the well balanced food of the southern European countries.


Recent studies on the impact of peaking hydropower have indicated that impacts directly associated with peaking releases can be categorized as those which result from the hydraulic surge during start-up of generation and the chronic effects of frequent flow fluctuations to biota occupying the fluctuation zones. The instream flow incremental methodology (IFIM) was not designed for application to dynamic flows. In order to determine if such an application was appropriate, we chose to conduct exacting habitat descriptions at the unique zones associated with peaking hydropower (degradation, aggradation, and recovery) and combine this information with suitability criteria for the banded sculpin (Cottus carolinae) and stage/discharge records to obtain weighted usable habitat estimates under typical peaking releases. The results demonstrate that habitat declines as the peaking surge passes an area and rises during low flow periods. However, the difficulties in interpretation of the results remain. That is, the biological response (lateral or longitudinal movement or entrainment) as well as the refuge value of certain hydraulic conditions remain to be investigated. This suggests that the present management value of IFIM applied to peaking hydropower is in examining minimum habitat values that occur during the generation cycle and a comparison of gains or losses in the minimum (greatest amount of hydraulic refuge available) WUA estimates under various proposed release scenarios.


An 85 yearold male, who hadbeenon omeprazole for 18 months, was admitted with sub acute small bowel obstruction of 2 weeks duration. His past medical history was Type 2 diabetes mellitus and warfarin for atrial fibrillation. Prior to commencement of omeprazole, he had been investigated for weight loss with positive faecal occult blood test positive, an oesophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (OGD) which revealed avery mild streaky gastritis andnegative H. pylori test, and a complete colonoscopy that showed three histologically confirmed metaplastic polyps. He had no history of PUD, was not on NSAID's or steroids, smoked about 15 cigarettes / day and drank alcohol occasionally.


This article analyzes the European Union's strategy towards the Western Balkans as a hegemonic project. The European Commission's strategy is neither total exclusion nor rapid integration. The Commission's aim is to restructure the Western Balkans in line with neoliberalism to prepare the region for the "preincorporation stage." The Commission's major initiatives show that this neoliberal restructuring need not end in full membership but remains an open-ended process. Two components of the Commission's formula, neoliberal economy and democracy, have not fed one another; rather, the opposite has occurred. Local crises have exacerbated and been exacerbated by the Commission's strategy, whereby existing social forces and structures have been dismantled, leading to the reproduction of authoritarianism. Despite the continuously shifting hegemonic discourses of ethnopolitical groups, their ultimate objective is integration with the EU. However, cycles of crises in the region have, in neo-Gramscian terms, undermined the formation of a historic bloc, and thus the EU's hegemonic project is rather daunting.


As use of electronic ticketing systems increases, the size and richness of available datasets that can be used for transport planning similarly grow. But in systems where alighting location is not consistently recorded, deriving complete origin-destination information can be challenging. Arup is developing a new strategic model for Greater Wellington Regional Council (GWRC) with demand matrices developed from observed data sources. The origin-destination patterns for bus travel were generated from over 2.9 million unique bus trip records extracted from the two Electronic Ticket Machine (ETM) systems of the local bus operators. The largest database was from the SNAPPER swipe on-swipe off system. This allows both boarding and alighting stops to be identified. However, in practice, for some 40 per cent of records, the specific alighting stop is not recorded. A methodology was devised to determine the alighting stop, in order to use the data for building stop-to-stop trip matrices and other useful analyses. There were three stages to processing: 1) pre-processing the ETM data to remove unusable records and to relate the data to route and stop information from General Transit Feed; 2) a five-stage alighting stop selection process using travel patterns of the card-holder, aggregate relationships from other card users, and the boarding location of reverse-direction trips; 3) aggregation of multi-leg trips into start to end trips. An alighting stop was determined for over 90 per cent of ETM records to produce a comprehensive database for deriving public transport matrices, and to provide management information to GWRC and bus operators for service planning and fare analysis.


In this article, the pedagogical, psychological and methodological features of the development of the axiological position in the process of teaching history to students of higher educational institutions are widely covered.


The present invention can handle the sewage sludge or the like containing, discloses a sludge treatment apparatus using the dynamic repair of cavitation that can produce biogas through the sludge. And a sludge storage tank for storing the sludge to this, the anaerobic a cavity mutator and the cavity the sludge discharged from the mutator to decompose through the cavitation the discharge sludge from the sludge storage tank provides a fermentation strain to produce a biogas and sludge residue the sludge residue discharged from the anaerobic digestion tank, and the anaerobic digestion tank for discharging the water provides a sludge treatment apparatus comprising a sedimentation tank for separating into solid and liquid. According to the present invention, it is possible to process the sludge to the low cost and high efficiency, it is possible to maintain the solubilization ratio of the sludge at a certain level or higher.


Based on the results of sociological research the present work examines philosophical, behavioral and emotional aspects of the historical memory of students in a family''s life and a recreation sphere. The research shows the specificity of functioning of the historical memory of students in the ratio of traditional and innovative spheres.


Over the years, there have been many changes in public policies focused on children and teenagers abandoned by their families or removed from their homes. However, the institutional dynamics of the shelters still needs to be reorganized in order to break with the classical asylar


Taking Beijing as the convergence-diffusion point and with the help of the principle of lever,the paper analyzes the dynamic shift regulation of inbound tourism flow equilibrium points between Beijing and 15 hot tourist provinces and municipalities in the years 1996~2006.The result shows that among 15 tourism flows,the highest intensity flows were Beijing←→Shanghai and Beijing←→ Guangdong and the overall equilibrium point presented the trend of nearing Beijing with each passing year.Judging from the shift range,we can see that the equilibrium point presented a "U" shaped structure,which means China's inbound tourism flow is developed from the model of monopole to the mature model of multipolar network.


There is a growing need to make sense of all the raw data available on the Internet, hence, the purpose of this study is to explore the capabilities of data mining algorithms applied to social networks. We propose a system to mine public Twitter data for information relevant to obesity and health as an initial case study. This paper details the findings of our project and critiques the use of social networks for data mining purposes.


Abstract A mathematical model of cooling and solidification, coupled with gravity induced flow during the cooling of extruded plastic pipe is set up and solved by the finite element method. Detailed and comprehensive experimental data are obtained from a commercial extrusion line producing 315 mm O.D. SDR 11 MDPE pipe using vacuum sizing and external spray cooling, including temperatures measured within the pipe wall using embedded thermocouples, which are carried down the entire cooling line. The computer simulations are successfully fitted to experimental temperatures by adjusting transfer coefficients for the outer surface. The deduced values are: tank (1) (vacuum) 750 W/m2 K; (2) 200 W/m2 K; (3) 150 W/m2 K. Heat loss to the bore is shown to be negligible. Predicted final pipe wall thicknesses – starting with a concentric extrudate – agree within 4 % with measured values. Wall thickness variation is predicted to be 16.6 %, compared with 13.9 % measured.


Topical hemostatic agents are used to stop bleeding in a wide range of surgical procedures. Many of the products currently available are not effective in controlling blood loss as quickly as desired, therefore, it has become common to soak hemostatic agents with thrombin, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. The preparation of thrombin requires additional preparation time and exposes the patient to a potentially hazardous reaction to the drug. The use of topical bovine thrombin preparations has occasionally been associated with the formation of antibodies against bovine thrombin and/or factor V which in some cases may cross react with human factor V, potentially resulting in factor V deficiency. Patients with antibodies to bovine thrombin preparations should not be re-exposed to these products to avoid abnormalities in hemostasis (Thrombin-JMI package insert, GenTrac, Inc., Middleton, Wisconsin 53562). The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two hemostatic agents Gelfoam, a gelatin derived from porcine skin, and Ultrafoam, a collagen which is made of lyophilized Avitene flour and water. A comparison was also made of both products soaked in thrombin. The studies were conducted in a highly controlled swine spleen laceration model, which provides data amenable to statistical analysis.


The invention relates to a method for grinding a toothing axis having toothed workpiece in at least two stages, wherein in a first step a grinding region of a determined by the grinding process around a rotation axis rotating and delivered in the direction of the center distance between the gearing axis and the axis of rotation type grinding tool to a tooth flank the workpiece is brought into grinding engagement and the tooth flank is brought into grinding engagement in a subsequent second step with a grinding region of a determined by the grinding process and delivered in the feeding direction of the first working passage the grinding tool, wherein the grinding in the first step the grinding region by a first dressing with a dressing tool and the grinding in the second stage grinding area to be dressed by a second dressing with a dressing tool, wherein the first dressing to a first a breaking area and brings a spatially separated from the first dressing area in the second dressing area Abrichteingriff the second dressing with the respective grinding area.


Abstract This article presents a comparative analysis of the metaphorical expressions of "child" in Mongolian and Korean. Therefore, we used the methods and principles of comparative linguistics and language evidence as well as the cognitive metaphors of proverbs, riddles, intuitions, and dream interpretations in the two languages. In Mongolian, the word "child" is defined as "a person who starts a new life by bringing forth a mother's body". Likewise, it means "the beginning of something new" in Korean. Thus, the definitions of this word in both languages include "the beginning" and similar semantic meanings. A cognitive metaphor including this word in Mongolian is "a child is a blessing"; a similar metaphor in Korean is "a child is a job". These metaphors demonstrate features of the languages, cultures, and mentalities of the two languages and the two cultures' similarities and differences using a human-centered approach.We consider conceptual metaphor as expressed in Lakoff and Johnson's theory. Metaphor is one of the most important terms in cognitive linguistics and refers to the process of establishing cognitive links, or mappings, between several concepts (conceptual structures) pertaining to different domains. Metaphors help in the "understanding and experiencing of one kind of thing in terms of another" (Lakoff, Johnson 2003).


The present invention, enantiomeric purity higher lactam-substituted propanoic acid derivatives and their methods of making and using. The present invention includes a multi-stage synthesis to produce a lactam compound. In one step of a series reaction, lactam - enamide asymmetric hydrogenation was performed in, eventually produced a convertible intermediates to a series of pharmaceutical compounds. The present invention also provides economic advantages in the overall synthesis of lactam compounds, related scene synthesis of intermediates of the multi-stage synthesis.


According to the design dimensions, the small cotton bowl-making machine is modeled and assembled by 3D software Solid Edge, and the whole assembled system is simulated and the movement interfering is analyzed. The results show that 3D modeling is intuitive and can be modified efficiently; the movement simulation and interfering of the assembled system can check the rationality and the validity of this machine rapidly.


Wake locks are widely used in Android apps to protect critical computations from being disrupted by device sleeping. Inappropriate use of wake locks often seriously impacts user experience. However, little is known on how wake locks are used in real-world Android apps and the impact of their misuses. To bridge the gap, we conducted a large-scale empirical study on 44,736 commercial and 31 open-source Android apps. By automated program analysis and manual investigation, we observed (1) common program points where wake locks are acquired and released, (2) 13 types of critical computational tasks that are often protected by wake locks, and (3) eight patterns of wake lock misuses that commonly cause functional and non-functional issues, only three of which had been studied by existing work. Based on our findings, we designed a static analysis technique, Elite, to detect two most common patterns of wake lock misuses. Our experiments on real-world subjects showed that Elite is effective and can outperform two state-of-the-art techniques.


The purpose of this article is to discuss some important issues regarding cross-cultural personality and career assessment. Within the last decade, this topic has received increased attention because of a growing awareness of the cultural bias inherent in many of our major personality assessment instruments (e.g., Dana; 1993, Marsella & Kameoka, 1989). The present article is divided into four major sections. The first section discusses the importance of the cross-cultural perspective in psychology and discusses such issues as reducing ethnocentric bias in psychology through the use of comparative cultural studies and culturally sensitive research methods. This section also includes a brief discussion of the concepts of ethnocentricity, culture, and ethnocultural identity, all of which are essential for understanding the assessment of personality across cultures. The second section discusses the complex relationships between culture and personality, including the possibility that the very concept of personality may be culturally constructed. The third section discusses some of the conceptual and methodological issues involved in personality assessment across cultures, with a special emphasis on psychometric equivalency (i.e., linguistic, conceptual, scale, and normative) across cultures. The fourth section provides a conceptual framework for integrating the cross-cultural issues of personality assessment to career assessment.


autism spectrum disorder. In: Abstracts of Plenary Sessions and Posters Accepted for Presentation at the 2017 Annual Meeting of the Society for Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics; 2017:#66. 52. McLaughlin L, Keim SA, Adesman A. Wandering by children with autism spectrum disorder: key clinical factors and the role of schools and pediatricians. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2018;39:538–546. 53. Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, Pub. L. No. 101-336, 104 Stat. 328 (1990). 54. US Department of Justice Civil Rights Division. Addressing Police Misconduct Laws Enforced by the Department of Justice. Available at: https://www.justice.gov/crt/addressing-policemisconduct-laws-enforced-department-justice. Accessed July 23, 2018.


This thesis, by way of analysis construction of middle and small travel agency, announce the superiority and inferior position of them when they compete with large travel agency in China, give the method of them to exist and develop.


Mathematic models of three types of heat transfer for electromagnetic system of AC contactor were analyzed, and through further-developing the ANSYS software, firstly heat generation power of coil electromagnet and shadow ring were calculated with magnetic circuit method considering nonlinear character of electromagnet,secondly thermal load was applied to make steady-state thermal analysis with finite element method,iterations continued between thermal analysis results and temperature-dependent parameters until the calculation was convergent. The test results show that the analysis result has high precision.


The Department of Information Science is one of six departments that make up the Division of Commerce at the University of Otago. The department offers courses of study leading to a major in Information Science within the BCom, BA and BSc degrees. In addition to undergraduate teaching, the department is also strongly involved in postgraduate research programmes leading to MCom, MA, MSc and PhD degrees. Research projects in software engineering and software development, information engineering and database, software metrics, knowledge-based systems, natural language processing, spatial information systems, and information systems security are particularly well supported. The views expressed in this paper are not necessarily the same as those held by members of the editorial board. The accuracy of the information presented in this paper is the sole responsibility of the authors. condition that the authors and the Series are given due acknowledgment. Reproduction in any form for purposes other than research or teaching is forbidden unless prior written permission has been obtained from the authors. Correspondence This paper represents work to date and may not necessarily form the basis for the authors' final conclusions relating to this topic. It is likely, however, that the paper will appear in some form in a journal or in conference proceedings in the near future. The authors would be pleased to receive correspondence in connection with any of the issues raised in this paper, or for subsequent publication details. Please write directly to the authors at the address provided below. (Details of final journal/conference publication venues for these papers are also provided on the Department's publications web pages: Abstract Modelling the structure of data is an important part of any system analysis project. One problem that can arise is that there may be many differing viewpoints among the various groups that are involved in a project. Each of these viewpoints describes a perspective on the phenomenon being modelled. In this paper, we focus on the representation of developer viewpoints, and in particular on how multiple viewpoint representations may be used for database design. We examine the issues that arise when transforming between different viewpoint representations, and describe an architecture for implementing a database design environment based on these concepts.


Unusually-large, widely-distributed H k S are found on Os-doped γ-Fe 2 O 3 thin films. The average H k s are 10, 18 and more than 20 kOe for 0.9, 2.0 and 7.0 at.% Os-doped films, respectively. Large W r (3-12×105erg/cc ) remain even at a high magnetic field of 14 kOe, because of the H k distributions. Uniaxial anisotropy energy of 2×105erg/cc, which is induced through magnetic-annealing, is because of the orientation of a small portion of the intrinsic anisotropy axes. Film characteristics indicate that lattice spacing of the γ-Fe 2 O 3 structure and Mossbauer parameters of Fe3+ions stay constant, irrespective of Os content. Os4f photo-electron binding energies agree with those for Os metal. An Os-deficient layer 200-400 A in thickness at the top surface is detected.


Through the experiment on shoot and timber use stand in Zaoxia forest center, Fengxin County, the influence of balance fertilizer on the yield factors has been studied, which are shoot numbers and shoot base diameter. Through the analysis of the year 2000's soil samples, the correlation equations between the contents of the elements N, P, K, Ca, and the unit area mean shoot yields of the 28 divisions respectively have been established. The experiment result indicates: the influence of balance fertilization on shoot numbers per stand is not marked; the shoot mean base diameter of every fertilizer treatment division is not larger than that of CK, but the shoot mean base diameter of year 2001's is remarkably larger than those of 1997's and 1999's; different effect orders of the five elements on the increase of unit area shoot yield is NMgPCaK; the optimum ratios of N, P, K are 1∶0.3∶0.43 and 1∶0.68∶0.98 respectively.


The aim of this research is to find a proposed vision for developing distance education programs in border schools in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and to explore the reality of the proposed educational programs for developing distance education programs. In order to achieve the research objectives, the descriptive and analytical approach was used for its suitability for this research, as the questionnaire was used as a research tool. The research sample consisted of (150) female teachers from border schools. The results of the research revealed that the reality of female teachers 'practice on distance learning programs in border schools in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is central. And that the use of technology is the most important requirement for developing distance education programs in border schools from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The results also showed the achievement of leadership in diversifying and developing teaching and learning methods through the distance education system based on employing modern information and communication technology, equipping schools with all technological equipment, and supporting students with modern equipment and teachers with modern training to achieve the goals of distance education. In light of the results, the research paper presented a proposal for developing distance education programs in border schools in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.


Water supply is the main focus in Indonesia, because water is a basic and very important requirement for human life and health. Sources of water that can be used to meet the needs of clean water for human settlements can come from surface water, river water, lake water, shallow ground water, deep ground water, and springs. Alternative water sources from the use of rainwater need to be considered, especially in areas where there is no clean water supply system, low surface water quality and no ground water available. Research Center For Water Resources in 2002 used rainwater in the building ABSAH (Akuifer Buatan Simpanan Air Hujan) on the roof of the building, which then flowed into an artificial aquifer (groundwater layer), and finally accommodated in a water storage tank (reservoir). ABSAH is the development and modification of a PAH (Rainwater Collection) building made of concrete. In 2018 ABSAH was developed into a modular system and located in SDN Sampawardi 2 Puser Village, Serang. The method used is to calculate rainfall, design, to build, consisting of a rainwater tank, a filtration tank and a filtration tank with a service capacity of 1.21 m 3 / hr. The results of the study based on calculations for initial and final storage are 20 m 3 and 22.5 m 3 with reliability more than 90%. Whereas the Slow Sand Filter filtration unit with a processing discharge of 0.2 liters / sec with a flow rate of 0.336 m/h has a dimension of 22.5 m 3 while the water quality meets the clean water standard according to The Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 32/2017. Keywords: ABSAH Modular, clean water, water quality, water availablity


The intent of this Master Thesis is to provide an insight into issues and potential of urban areas which lost their function over time and became useless or abandoned – urban voids. This paper tends to clarify those areas based on works of architectural and urban theorists, it attempts to create a simple classification and suggests how to proceed towards regeneration. Furthermore, it aims to stress the importance of these misunderstood urban holes as a different perspective on the development of today's already overcrowded cities. The paper further discusses the concept of urban regeneration and its tools in practice. Finally, by providing a methodology for applying the practices of urban regeneration on urban voids as areas of intervention, it aims to show the immense potential for future of architectural and urban planning hidden within these forgotten areas.


Abstract This article proposes a differential evolution algorithm to solve the unit commitment problem with ramp constraints. Two implementations of the proposed algorithm—the first one using the binary code, and the second one using the integer code—have been developed. Both of these implementations have been found to converge to the same optimum solution requiring a different number of generations and a different CPU time. The proposed algorithm shows competitive performance with the best of the similar methods proposed earlier.


As one of hot research topics in the area of computer,digital watermarking technology has gained wide applications nowadays. This paper makes an introduction of the basic working principle,characteristics and classifications of digital watermark technology,makes discussion and analysis of typical algorithm and its application. Finally,it gives the recent research circs and the prospect of digital watermarking technology.


Background A report of multiple cases of bile duct cancer at a Japanese printing company raised concern about such cancers. We examined long-term trends in bile duct cancer in Japan. Methods Data from 4 population-based cancer registries were used to calculate incidence between 1985 and 2007, and vital statistics were used to estimate mortality between 1985 and 2011. Age-standardized rates were calculated and analyzed using a joinpoint regression model. Results Among men, the incidence rate of intrahepatic bile duct cancer increased throughout the observation period; among women, it increased until 1996–1998 and remained stable thereafter. The incidence rate of extrahepatic bile duct cancer was stable in men and decreased from 1993–1995 in women. In people aged 30 to 49 years, the incidence rates of intra- and extrahepatic bile duct cancer remained stable or decreased. The mortality rate of intrahepatic bile duct cancer increased in both sexes and in all age groups since 1996, while that of extrahepatic bile duct cancer decreased since 1992. In people aged 30 to 49 years, the mortality rates of intra- and extrahepatic bile duct cancer remained stable and decreased, respectively. Conclusions The incidence and mortality rates of intrahepatic bile duct cancer remained stable or increased throughout the observation period. The incidence rate of extrahepatic bile duct cancer remained stable or decreased, and the mortality rate decreased since 1992. In people aged 30 to 49 years, the incidence and mortality rates of intra- and extrahepatic bile cancer remained stable or decreased.


Several years ago Dean (1948) showed how to solve the linearized potential problem of water waves passing over a submerged circular cylinder. He discovered the remarkable fact that there is no reflexion from the cylinder; the transmitted waves have the same amplitude as the incident waves, but they suffer a phase shift in passing the cylinder. Soon after the publication of Dean's paper, Ursell (1950) investigated the problem anew. He placed the solution on a rigorous basis, supplied a uniqueness proof, and developed a form of the solution with which it was reasonable to perform calculations.


Flours were produced from sorghum, soybean and rose lle calyces after subjecting them to varying proces sing treatments (germination, fermentation and roasting) ; and blends were produced using the Nutri Survey L inear Programming Package 2004 Version . Subsequently, pasting and functional properties of blends were determined using standard methods. Swelling capacit y values ranged between 2.60 g/g for blend containi ng germinated sorghum and roasted soybean flour (GSRS) and 6.95 g/g for sorghum flour (SF). Water absorption capacity of the blends ranged from 1.20 ml/g to 2.40 ml/g for blend containing fermented so rghum and roasted soybean flour (FSRS), and blend of soyb ean flour and germinated soybean (SFGS) having the lowest and highest values respectively. Oil absorpt i n capacity values ranged between 0.84 mL/g for bl end of sorghum flour and roasted soybean flour (SFRS) and 1 .67 mL/g for blend of sorghum flour and germinated soybean flour (SFGS). Packed bulk density ranged be tween 0.71 g/cm for FSRS and 0.86 g/cm 3 for SF. Blends containing fermented sorghum flour had signif icantly (p≤0.05) higher peak viscosity values than blends containing germinated and untreated sorghum flour. There were significant differences (p ≤0.05) in trough, breakdown, final and setback viscosities of samples. Values obtained for these parameters rang ed from 14.00 to 444.50 RVU; 4.50 to 262.50 RVU; 24.50 to 993.50 RVU and 10.50-549.00 RVU, respectively. SF had lowest pasting temperature of 81.53 C while SFGS had the highest value of 85.98 C. The results from this study showed that blends containing germinated an fermented fractions of sorghum performed significantly (p≤0.05) better in most of the parameters studied than t e untreated sample.


High-accuracy positioning is applied in a variety of modern computer-controlled machines. The achievable precision is not only determined by the mechanical properties of the systems but strongly depends on the utilized control algorithms and the quality of the sensor signals. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate how alternative position sensors influence the performance of a robust digital tracking controller consisting of a disturbance observer in the velocity loop, a feedback controller in the position loop, and a zero phase error tracking controller as feedforward controller. Two different sensor systems for an x-y positioning table are considered. While a digital encoder is attached to the actuating motor, a laser interferometer with a significantly higher resolution directly measures the position of the compliantly coupled table. The latter case represents a noncollocated system. After introducing the hardware setup, both the system identification and the controller design are briefly reviewed. The impact of the measurement device on the control performance and the optimal choice of the controller parameters are investigated in extensive experiments.


We have measured the pressure dependence of the energy levels of the deep traps E2, E3, and E4 produced by irradiation of GaAs with 1‐MeV electrons. All three traps have pressure coefficients which are an appreciable fraction of that of the direct gap, with values relative to the bottom of the conduction band of 8.8, 13.5, and 10.5 meV/kbar, respectively, being obtained. We conclude that the previous identification of the E3 level as being the isolated Ga vacancy is far from certain.


ABSTRACT Considering information security, reversible data hiding methods provide an efficient and simple way to prevent illegal accessing and unauthorized tampering. Adopting converted techniques, original images are going to be transferred to a collection of coefficients to be altered for embedding secret message. Then, the coefficients are converted to stego-images inversely. And stego-images are able to be a cover image to embed secrete message at the next stage. The horizontal operation of Haar digital wavelet transformation transfers images format from spatial domain to frequency domain in this paper. Then, decimal of coefficients will be altered for hiding secret bits. Finally, the modified coefficients are inversely transformed to stego-images. Our scheme has high peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) when bits per pixel are near one bit. In this paper, we are concerned about data hiding for a special kind of image.


The area, production and productivity of pulses in UP including district Azamgarh is quite low as compared to other states in respect of national acreage and production. Among various constraints poor crop management and protection technologies assume primary position. Considering the facts of low yield of pulses due to technological gap and various other constraints Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Azamgarh conducted frontline demonstration continuously for five years on improved agricultural technologies of pulses viz pigeon pea, chickpea, field pea and lentil in scientific manner at farmers' fields during 2008-09 to 2012-13. A total of 241 demonstrations of pulses were conducted in an area of 90.0 hectares. The results of five years under frontline demonstration on pulses revealed that the average grain yield of pigeon pea (19.1 q/ha), chickpea (19.7 q/ha) field pea (23.5 q/ha) and lentil (17.8 q/ha) with 56.5, 43.6, 40.8 and 45.1 per cent increase in yield respectively over farmers practice was recorded under demonstration plots. Implementation of improved technological interventions in all demonstrated crops were also found remunerative in terms of B:C ratio over existing practices. The enhanced yield achieved through adoption of improved production and protection technology in pulses maintained the soil health, incremental sustainable development in production, enhanced nutritional security and improved the livelihood of the farmers. The outcome of the trial inspired the farming community to replace their old non-descriptive varieties with resistant and high yielding varieties and other production and protection related technological options which were being implemented.


The symmetry properties and the pseudo‐orthogonality relations of the super‐rotation Clebsh–Gordan coefficients for the tensor product of two irreducible representations of the super‐rotation algebra are derived. The symmetric super‐rotation 3‐j symbol and the symmetric and invariant super‐rotation 6‐j symbol are defined, their basic properties are described, and their relations to the usual 3‐j and 6‐j symbols are given.


The fact that strong general practice is an essential component of a high quality and cost-effective healthcare system is a message that has never been fully absorbed by successive ministries of health in the UK. (The over-worked and almost meaningless term 'primary care led' seems to have been used in the mistaken belief that it just meant cheap.) Ironically, it is a message that has been stated clearly in the US, where Barbara Starfield, the distinguished health services researcher at Johns Hopkins, has published high quality research to make the point1,2 and where Don Berwick, President of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement, wrote in his essay celebrating 60 years of the NHS that, 'General practice is the jewel in the crown of the NHS. Save it. Build it'.3 We have done neither but instead, with the encouragement of the government, have half-dismantled it and sleep-walked into a time of peril for general practice and for patient care.4 Almost all of the core characteristics of general practice identified by Starfield are in danger of becoming eroded by successive and often poorly-informed lurches in health policy.

General practice in the UK was never perfect — there was never an unalloyed golden age …


The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating ovotoxicity and, more specifically, to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating ovotoxicity, containing an Evodia rutaecarpa Bentham extract. According to the present invention, the Evodia rutaecarpa Bentham extract concentration-dependently increases DPPH free radical scavenging activity so as to have excellent antioxidant activity, inhibits apoptosis of ovarian cells, and activates a PI3K/Akt signaling pathway so as to have a significant protective effect against ovotoxicity to be caused by 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD), thereby being usable as a medicine and a dietary supplement, which are useful for alleviating, preventing, inhibiting or treating ovotoxicity, premature ovarian failure and the like. Therefore, subfertility treatment or prevention, premature ovarian failure, a menopausal disorder in the premenopausal period, and the like can be considered application examples related thereto.


The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of two-dimensional media on the understanding of mathematical concepts in the fourth grade students of SD Negeri 09 Seluma. This research is a quantitative study on the effect of two-dimensional media on understanding the concept of Mathematics in the fourth grade students of SD Negeri 09 Seluma. Data collection techniques used in this study were observation, tests and documentation. Data analysis techniques used are data analysis requirements test and hypothesis testing. The data analysis technique consisted of normality test, homogeneity test, t-test. This can be seen from the t-test value of -4.228 with P of 0.001 because the P value <0.05 which means the working hypothesis (Ha) in this study is accepted, namely there is a difference between the use of two-dimensional media on the understanding of Mathematics concepts for fourth grade elementary school students. Country 09 Seluma. It was concluded that two-dimensional media had an influence on understanding the concept of mathematics.

Keywords: Media, Two Dimensions, Concepts, Mathematics.


Drawing on the latest information available on health, wealth, and retirement in America, this work offers new perspectives on ways to support the expanding population of older citizens.'


ABSTRACT We examined the relationship between sleep habits and executive function (EF) in Japanese junior high school students.This study was conducted using an online survey involving 1,919 boys and girls (aged 12–15 years) and their caregivers.Sleep habits were measured with the Japanese Sleep Questionnaire for junior high school students (JSQ-JH). EF was measured with the parental form of the Japanese version of Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (J-BRIEF). A U-shaped relationship was found between total sleep time (ST) and behavior regulation index, metacognition index, and Global Executive Composite Score of the J-BRIEF (i.e., both short ST and long ST students showed wrong EF). Adjusted logistic regression analyses revealed that short ST group showed significantly higher scores on the J-BRIEF Shift, Emotional Control, and Initiate subscales, and the long ST group showed significantly higher scores on almost all the J-BRIEF subscales compared to the mean ST group. Regarding lifestyle, the short ST group seemed to be active until midnight leading to the shortage of ST; however, the long ST group seemed to be inactive during the day, not enjoying their school life, and difficult getting a deep sleep. Executive dysfunction was significantly associated with not only the short ST, but also excessively long ST. Education regarding the importance of sleep is required for short ST students. For long ST students, further investigation is needed to evaluate their EF and the presence of maladjustment.


The mothod of concrete reinforcement with CFRP mostly according to a great deal of experiment.data foundation of empirical formula,the result is coarseness.To develop a more thorough understanding of the bending behavior of reinforced concretc beams,the study on nonlinear finite analysis is very imperial.The paper sets up finite element models of 4-point RC beam strengthened with CFRP sheet.Not only material nonlinear of concrete and steel bar but also bond style of longitudinal steel and CFRP are taken into account.And also put forward a method to study the basic mechanics performances of RC simply supported beams strengthened by CFRP with nonlinear finite element analysis in the ADINA software environment.


Two bandanna-wearing students leaning backwards, having just assisted in the pushing off of a Lovett College contender during the Beer Bike cycling event. A large crowd of onlookers are in the background. Original resource is a black and white photograph.


The utility model discloses a road-edge isolator cleaning mechanism, which comprises at least two nozzles (1) for spraying cleaning water and an assembly carrier for assembling the nozzles (1). The road-edge isolator cleaning mechanism is characterized in that the nozzles (1) have different ground clearances (H1 and H2) and can be arranged in a rotatable manner, and the spraying directions of the nozzles (1) can be adjusted up and down. Furthermore, the utility model also provides a sanitation vehicle with the road-edge isolator cleaning mechanism. The cleaning mechanism is provided with at least two nozzles with different ground clearances; and the spraying directions of the nozzles are adaptively combined and adjusted according to shapes of isolators, so that various types of road-edge isolators can be effectively cleaned. The road-edge isolator cleaning mechanism is low in cost, high in operability and high in working efficiency and can effectively clean the road-edge isolators different in height and shape.


3′ tRNA‐derived fragments (3′ tRFs) are important epigenetic regulators in normal and pathological conditions. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential value of a 3′ tRF as a prognostic and/or screening biomarker for B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B‐CLL).


According to the existing problems in coal mines today,taking gas explosion as the study object,and with the methed of AHP,the reinforcemtnt of various gas accidents in mines are confirmed,the key fartors influencing the safety against the accideits are confirmed,and the real reinforcement result is gained,which prived more accurate basis for mine safety assess.


Collection of clean water from humid air has attracted immense attention in recent years due to the lack of access to pure drinking water among large section of population in several parts of the world. Hence, there is a persistent demand for the fabrication of robust, scalable membranes for efficient harvesting of pure water, especially in fog-laden areas. Herein, three different membranes based on neat nanofibers, nanofibers with microparticles, and nanofibers with hierarchical structures (nanopillars) are successfully fabricated using poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) and fluorinated polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane composite mixture. Neat nanofibers and nanofibers with microparticles are fabricated by employing direct electrospinning and electrospinning combined with electrospraying process, respectively. Hierarchical structured fibers are fabricated by growing nanopillars on the surface of the fibers using electrospinning combined with template-wetting method. The wettability properties including water contact angle and hysteresis of these membranes are investigated. Due to the increased surface roughness and low surface energy, the hierarchical fibers exhibit higher contact angle (153°) and lower hysteresis (3°) compared to the neat nanofibers and nanofibers with microparticles. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that the presence of nanopillars on the surface of the nanofibers improves the membrane's water collection efficiency when exposed to humid air.