The editorial team at Analytical Letters is pleased to publish a special issue on Micellar Chromatography organized by Dr. Rade Injac that consists of four original papers. Dr. Jin Sheng and colleagues have reported the determination of pharmaceuticals by micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Dr. Roberto Gotti and his coworkers have described the determination of cyclosporin A by a cyclodextrin modified technique. Micellar chromatography partition coefficients were employed by Dr. Olivera C̆udina and colleagues to characterize hydrophobicity in the prediction of oral drug absorption. Dr. Ilona Olędzka and coworkers determined vitamins in animal feed by micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Thanks to the authors for submitting their research results for the special issue and Dr. Injac for his excellent organization. Analytical Letters, 45: 651, 2012 Copyright # Taylor & Francis Group, LLC ISSN: 0003-2719 print=1532-236X online DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2011.653906


Compared with single Nanowire (NW) or NW array, the simpler preparation process of NW network (NWN) enables it to be fabricated in large scale, flexible, and wearable applications of photodetectors (PDs). However, the NWN behaves many micro-interfaces (MIs) between NWs, seriously limiting the device performance and stability. Here, we demonstrate a welding strategy for MAPbI3 NWN, which enhances the crystallinity of NWN, and enhances the radial transmission of photogenerated carriers, leading to the better device performance with ultrahigh stability. Our NWN PDs fabricated by using the welding strategy showed ultrahigh performance with the on/off ratio and detectivity of 2.8×104 and 4.16×1012 Jones, respectively, which are the best performance for the reported metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) perovskite NWN PDs and are comparable to those of single NW or NW array PDs. More importantly, our unpackaged NWN PDs show ultra-high storage stability in air with humidity of 55%-65% and the flexible NWN PDs can enable 250 bending cycles at different bending radii and 1000 bending cycles at fixed bending radii, and no performance degradation can be observed. These results indicate our welding strategy is very powerful for improving the performance of NW device with application in wearable field.


This is a modified version of the author's doctoral thesis (doctor philosophiae) .
 Published version is available at Wehrhahn Verlag


First year account holder attrition rates can be as high as 40% at some financial institutions.* Don't let that time slip by without making the most of the opportunity to connect, learn from and extend your relationships with new account holders. The SpringBoard program from Harland Clarke Digital allows financial institutions to establish and maintain a valuable line of communication through the email channel by distributing high-quality, relevant content that benefits account holders. Through automated campaigns and managed monthly newsletters, you'll be able to cross-sell additional services, improve financial literacy and stay top-of-mind during the first 12 months and beyond. Since engaged account holders are more likely to provide the type of valuable feedback that can help identify issues with processes or service, SpringBoard also incorporates online survey invitations at strategic points throughout the program to gather data for analysis by HCD research experts.


The benefit of indigenous knowledge can be harnessed and improved upon by its appropriate use, establishing validity of such knowledge and integrating it with development programmes. The present study was conducted to gain access to the indigenous knowledge of fishermen of Greater Mumbai and Sindhudurg districts of Maharashtra and its subsequent assessment by experts working in area of fisheries management. A total of 100 fishermen representing the two districts constituted the sample size of the study. The data reported here were gathered through a combination of personnel interview and non-participant observation methods. The study documented rich, varied and potential Indigenous Technical Know-How (ITKs) associated with the management of bag net, shore-seine, gill net, long line and traditional trawl fishery. The validity of few ITKs has also been established by the study.


Wastewater projects are one of the most important infrastructure projects, which require developing strategic plans to manage these projects. Most of the wastewater projects in Iraq don't have a maintenance plan. This research aims to prepare the maintenance management plan (MMP) for wastewater projects. The objective of the research is to predict the cost and time of maintenance projects by building a model using ANN. The research sample included (15) completed projects in Wasit Governorate, where the researcher was able to obtain the data of these projects through the historical information of the Wasit Sewage Directorate. In this research artificial neural networks (ANN) technique was used to build two models (cost and time) for the maintenance of wastewater projects. The output shows there is a high correlation (R) between real and expected cost with 95.4%, minimized testing error (8.5%), and training error (19%). The mean absolute present error (MAPE) and Average Accuracy Percentage (AA) are (13.9% and 86.1%) respectively. Also, the results showed a strong correlation (R) between actual and predicted time (99.1%), minimized testing error (8%), and an additional MAPE% and AA% with (11.7% and 88.3%) respectively. These models are in agreement with the real values, as well as gives good prediction for future maintenance projects.


The practice of contracting out various elements of the semiconductor design and production flow to various companies based all over the world has become more and more popular in the past few years. By contracting, the danger of harmful hardware Trojans—adversaries altering original designs—increases. The challenge of identifying hardware Trojans during the very beginning of creation and production rises due to the more complex nature currently available microprocessors. As a result, run-time screening techniques are required to catch Trojans which manage to avoid notice at these phases. The run-time hardware Trojan approach to detection for microprocessor cores is presented in this research study and is built on machine learning. To identify the installation of Trojans which incorporate strange trends in the information sources generated by efficiency indicators, this method employs an updated point-based detection of anomalies technique. Incorporating on-chip tracking devices won't change the initial microprocessor building design. By identifying the introduction of Trojans resulting in denial-of-service, a reduction of the system's efficiency, and modifications in the operation of a microprocessor core, the system can assess the effectiveness of proposed approach. The proposed system considers Linear pattern convergence model (LPCM)


Abstract:Pediatric spinal trauma is relatively rare with roughly 5% of injuries occurring in this group. Cervical spinal trauma is most common in the pediatric population, followed by thoracic and lumbar injuries. The biomechanics of the evolving pediatric anatomy alter the injury characteristics and radiographic interpretation of pediatric spinal trauma patients. Systematic assessment paradigms are necessary in the evaluation and treatment of pediatric spinal cord trauma patients. Common treatment modalities for this subgroup of patients include halo fixation, bracing, and surgical instrumentation. While the surgical management options for pediatric spinal injuries have improved, the anatomical considerations associated with the size and growth potential of pediatric patients provide room for improvement of these modalities.


Understanding the physics governing the interaction of sound with targets in an underwater environment is essential to improving upon existing target detection and classification algorithms. Simple models are viable tools for meaningful interpretation of scattering results. To illustrate this, two modeling techniques are employed to study the acoustic scattering from a water-filled cylindrical shell. The first model is a hybrid 2-D/3-D finite element (FE) model, whereby the scattering in close proximity to the target is handled via a 2-D axisymmetric FE model, and the subsequent 3-D propagation to the farfield is determined via a Helmholtz integral. This model is characterized by the decomposition of the fluid pressure and its derivative in a series of azimuthal Fourier modes, a technique that has previously facilitated mode identification [A. L. Espana et al., J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 130, 2332 (2011)]. The second is an analytical solution for an infinitely long cylindrical shell, coupled with a simple approx...


On the basis of the analysis of one famous narrative text,The Last Leaf by O·Henry,this paper gives an account of the common feature of textual metaphor of narrative text.Textual metaphor is a way of thinking and a figure of the mind,which is imbedded in the text.Textual metaphor contains conceptual mapping and image mapping,which observe the invariance principle.In the narrative text,textual metaphor contains a matrix and its analogue,which helps to construct coherent text with cohesive syntax and can be used to activate students'metaphorical schema,enabling them to study western culture through the text focus and certain thread.


In previous papers Herrera developed a theory of connectivity that is applicable to the problem of connecting solutions defined in different regions, which occurs when solving partial differential equations and many problems of mechanics. In this paper we explain how complete connectivity conditions can be used to replace boundary integral equations in many situations. We show that completeness is satisfied not only in steady-state problems such as potential, reduced wave equation and static and quasi-static elasticity, but also in time-dependent problems such as heat and wave equations and dynamical elasticity. A method to obtain bases of connectivity conditions, which are independent of the regions considered, is also presented. When numerical methods are applied to mechanical problems, usually the general analytical solutions are known in subregions. In order to profit from this knowledge, in many situations, e.g., in diffraction problems, boundary element methods are applied; most frequently, they are formulated by using boundary integral equations (1). A general theory of connectivity has been developed recently (2, 3) which offers an alternative to integral equations and can be used with advantage in many problems. This theory considers a class of functions called a connectivity condition. If one uses a boundary integral equation to characterize this set, one is led to standard formulations; however, the theory of connectivity (2, 3) shows that such a set can also be characterized by the fact that a certain bilinear functional is symmetric when evaluated on its members. When a denumerable basis of the connectivity condition is available, it is enough to impose the denumerable set of conditions, corresponding to the requirement that this bilinear functional, when evaluated on the trial solution, vanishes for every member of the basis. The problem is simplified further because in very general situations it is possible to construct bases of connectivity conditions that are independent of the regions considered. To illustrate the method, we apply it to both steady-state and time-dependent problems; more specifically, potential theory, wave and heat equations, and elasticity are considered. Bases of connectivity conditions for a region that is the exterior or, alternatively, the interior of a bounded region in twoor three-dimensional Euclidean space are constructed. They possess the remarkable property of remaining the same regardless of the specific region considered. This fact is very useful in numerical and other applications; e.g., in potential theory, when the region is bounded, these bases are harmonic polynomials. In previous work, the theory was formulated for formally symmetric operators only (2, 3). Although this assumption is essential for the variational principles to hold, many results remain valid even if the operators are not formally symmetric. The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U. S. C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. Application of the theory is simplified by the use of boundary operators that are not usually formally symmetric; therefore, a proof is supplied of the results required in this more general form. As in preceding papers (2, 3), systematic use is made of functional-valued operators defined on arbitrary linear spaces without any additional structure (i.e., not necessarily normed, or with an inner product, or complete). Preliminary results For operators (2-6) B:D -D* defined on a linear spaceD and with values in the space D* of all the linear functionals defined on D, let .N c D be the null set of A; i.e., N = fu E DIAu = 01 [1] where A = B B* and B* is the adjoint operator to B. Contrary to previous work (2, 3) no formally symmetric operators will be considered in this paper. Definition 1. A linear subspace 5 c D is said to be a connectivity condition if (i) WV cY, (ii) (Au,v) = VVu,v EY The connectivity condition is said to be complete when, (Mi) For any w E D, one has (Aw,v) = -vE =*wEY Definition 2. Let B:D D* be such that


A simplified cell model was used to investigate the behavior of the impulse response function (IRF) of cell models incorporating time delay elements, as the number of subdivisions increases. The simplified model used in this study was a single branch model consisting of a number of equal cells arranged in sequence. Two cell models were studied, a cascade model and a manifold model. In this study the model representing each cell is modified by the addition of a delay element which is taken to be linearly proportional to the distance of its corresponding cell from the outlet. The limiting forms of the IRFs are derived for the two models using Laplace transforms; the cascade cell model IRF is found to converge to a rectangle regardless of the values of its parameters, while the manifold cell model IRF converges to a family of curves whose shapes depend quite sensitively on the values of the parameters chosen. The expression derived contains the exponential integral function, which has not been used before in surface hydrology. For some combinations of the parameters, the IRF has the classical (or intuitively expected) shape consisting of a steep rise and mild recession. For other values, the IRF is reminiscent of the kinematic wave solution to the overland flow equations, and some comparisons are made. The manifold cell model is found to hold promise as a suitably behaved alternative to the cascade cell model in the context of distributed surface runoff systems.


The bachelor thesis deals with natural and anthropogenic hazards and their solution in the territorial jurisdiction of Slavkov u Brna. In the theoretical part, it defines the basic characteristics of the municipality with extended powers Slavkov u Brna, transport infrastructure, describes possible risks and extraordinary events. Furthermore, the theoretical part defines the identification of risks, their analysis and possible methods. The practical part specifically identifies the risks in the municipality, their analysis by the matrix assessment method. In conclusion, the model situation of ethylene oxide leakage from Lohmann & Rauscher, s.r.o. The bachelor thesis is completed by an analysis of the current state with suggestions for risk reduction measures (possible proposals for the treatment of risks) that emerged from the analysis and suggestions for improvement of the current situation.


This article explains why more stringent standards are needed when underwater divers are hired for bridge inspection work. The question that continues to be asked is, "Who is qualified to do underwater bridge inspections?" The federal government has never been clear on this point nor does it specify what minimum standards an underwater bridge inspector must meet to be hired for a job. Some states use commercial divers in the water communicating their findings to an engineer on the surface, while others employ scuba divers to perform the inspection. Several states - including Nebraska, New Mexico and Virginia - have taken the lead and developed training programs and minimum criteria that divers must meet to qualify for inspection contracts. Safety is the main concern here, given that many bridges are at least 30 or 40 years of age and in danger of collapse.


The person In the middle of first line is Dr. T. Kojima (Professor). Saga University is located in Saga prefecture in the north-western part of the island of Kyushu in Japan. The region is blessed with natural beauty and to preserve this environment, six prefectural parks and one quasi-national park have been designated. The climate is mild with an average temperature of about 16 °Celsius. Affluent agricultural and fishery products from the fertile land and sea, together with traditional industries such as porcelain, are the prides of the people of Saga. The predecessor of Saga University is Saga Normal School established in 1884. Saga University was established in 1949 following Saga National Higher School, Saga Normal School and Saga Normal School for Youth Education in old school system. Today, Saga University consists of four faculties (Science and Engineering, Agriculture, Economics, Education) and one college (Liberal Arts) on the same campus. About 700 faculty and Staff are engaged in research and education with about 6000 students including 200 foreign ones. Our research group Studies on near infrared spectroscopy started in 1989 in the faculty of agriculture at Saga University. Current members of the group are located in two laboratories. T. Kojima (Professor), M. Tanaka (Assistant Professor), J. Liu and S. Panmanas (graduate students) and M. Fukami (undergraduate student) are in Agricultural Production Engineering and S. Fujita (Professor), N. Hayashi (Associate Professor), H. Saito (graduate student) and T. Miyasato (undergraduate student) are in Food Resource Science. The group is involved in investigations on the development of nondestructive evaluation methods for agricultural products and the food industry. Our first approach by NIR spectroscopy was the trial of non-destructive measurements for Brix in ripe fruits and vegetables, e.g. Japanese pear, strawberry, tomato etc. Recently we are mainly concerned with the application of NIR spectroscopy as the monitoring technique on growing plants and food processing. In general, these materials containwater which exerts a crucial influence upon some physical and chemical properties, e.g. texture, taste, maturity etc. Therefore we are also eager to reveal the structureof water and characteristicsof aqueoussolutions.


Parallel test structures (PTA) is provided to facilitate simultaneous access to the plurality of electronic circuits (i.e., parallel) for optimized testing, debugging, or programmable configuration of the circuit. PTA is engageable to each of the electronic circuit a parallel test bus (PTB), and including a plurality of addressable PTB controller connected to the test controller and the PTB is connected to the PTB, each addressable PTB controller is accessed. Test controller is configured to transmit at least one control signal via the PTB to the respective addressable PTB controller to initiate a scan for parallel access of electronic circuits coupled by a respective addressable PTB controller. In addition, each addressable PTB is uses a scan protocol to access the respective electronic circuits combinable based on a control signal transmitted over a PTB by the test controller, responsive to access the respective electronic circuits of the first It is configured to transmit the scan result data via the PTB to the controller.


The success of small, medium, and micro enterprises (SMMEs) is especially important for increasing employment and economic growth that is sustainable in developing nations. SMMEs are reported to be more successful if they use particular business management strategies compared with those that do not implement such strategies. Service-learning projects (S-LPs), in the form of student-led advertising agencies (SLAAs), can assist SMME clients (community partners) with customer research, knowledge transfer and skills training, advertising, and marketing and business services, as well as provide students with practical experience. However, most research is directed at the student benefits, and few empirical studies investigate the advantages for the clients. Therefore, the main objective of this inquiry was to examine SMMEs' satisfaction in terms of the perceived influence of a SLAA S-LP on lasting impact and business performance. A total of 107 SMME clients were surveyed via a structured questionnaire. The findings indicated that the SLAA S-LP had a significant positive influence on the lasting impact, and business efficiency, brand awareness, competitive advantage, employee motivation, customer loyalty, new customers, and sales of the participating SMMEs. Therefore, the SLAAs provided the SMMEs with low-cost marketing and advertising options that improved the performance of their businesses.


Set to the distinctly Latin beat of Miami, C. C. Medina's debut novel introduces four Hispanic women, their lives, loves, and, most of all, their friendship. From the bedrooms to the bars, from the dance floors to their kitchen tables, follow these amigas—Isabel Landon is a successful engineer reeling from a tough divorce who meets a freespirited writer who will shake her to the core. Maria Mercedes Virtudes, aka Mercy, careens through life with a zest for fun and men until her mama urges her toward el matrimonio. Lucinda Portes de Colon had a charmed existence but is forced by her husband's betrayal to survive for the first time on her own. Julia Velasquez is a writer facing a moral crossroads, yet even her dearest friends may not stand beside her.


For the time-variant registration errors of multi-sensor fusion tracking system in practical applications,an bias estimation algorithm based on Mean-Shift is proposed.This method emploed the character of mean-shift that different sample contribute different for estimation,and weight coefficient establised by sample time and the difference between sample and mean.This algorithm avoids the influence of random noise and abnomal sample,and can get more moderate estimation,the simulation results proved the effectiveness.


The irradiation of aqueous solutions of Cr{sup 2+} and RX (R = primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl; X = Br, Cl) at 254 nm and pH 3 yields the organochromium cations (H{sub 2}O){sub 5}CrR{sup 2+}. The method is based on the photochemical generation of hydrated electrons and subsequent reduction of the alkyl halides to carbon-centered radicals. The colligation with Cr{sup 2+} then yields the desired organochromium complexes. In the presence of alcohols as cosolvents, the nature of the group R in (H{sub 2}O){sub 5}CrR{sup 2+} depends on the pH. At pH 3, R is derived from RX, and at pH 0, from the alcohol. The photochemical method was used to prepare, among others, the novel tert-butylchromium(III) ion (H{sub 2}O){sub 5}CrC(CH{sub 3}){sub 3}{sup 2+}. In the presence of scavengers for Cr{sup 2+} and/or {sm bullet}C(CH{sub 3}){sub 3} this complex decomposes rapidly by homolysis of the Cr-C bond, k{sub h} = 0.60 s{sup {minus}1} at 25C.


The invention relates to an ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain antenna. The ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain antenna comprises a bottom board, a plurality of antenna arrays, a plurality of impedance conversion units and a radio frequency connecting head, wherein the plurality of the antenna arrays are respectively arranged on the bottom board; the radio frequency connecting head is arranged on the bottom board and used for inputting or outputting a radio frequency signal; the plurality of antenna arrays are connected on the radio frequency connecting head by the plurality of the impedance conversion units which are divided into at least two stages; through the impedance conversion units, the equivalent impedance of the connecting part is 50ohms; the plurality of antenna arrays are uniformly distributed on the bottom board along one direction of the bottom board; and the distance among the antenna arrays is smaller than or equal to one half of the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave received or emitted by the antenna. The ultrahigh frequency broadband high-gain antenna has the following beneficial effect: the gain is high and the band width is broad; and the multi-stage impedances are matched, so that the antenna does not need to be debugged in a large-scale production process.


The contents of amino acids, conventional nutrients, microelements and vitamins of T.giganteum and P.eryngii cultivated with cotton seed hull compost were analyzed and compared.The experiments results showed that the total amino acid contents of T.giganteum and P.eryngii were 18.67g/100g and 12.72g/100g resp, in which the essential amino acid contents, the delicious amino acid contents and the sweet amino acid contents made up 45.47%, 21.06%, 16.77% and 43.24%, 24.84%, 16.27% of the total amino acid contents resp..And it was also confirmed in our experiments that the contents of protein, fat, total sugar and crude fibre in T.giganteum and P.eryngii cultivated with cotton seed hull were 35.28%, 2.91%, 53.74%, 8.76% and 15.4%, 0.55%, 52.1%, 5.4% resp..While the contents of Fe, Ca, Zn, Se, VB1 and VB2 in T.giganteum and P.eryngii cultivated with cotton seed hull compost were 33.21mg/100g, 49.34mg/100g, 37.08mg/100g, 0.051mg/100g, 24.5mg/100g, 0.248mg/100g, 2.12mg/100g and 2.9mg/100g, 14.2mg/100g, 38.01mg/100g, 0.023mg/100g, 25.3mg/100g, 0.193mg/100g, 1.43mg/100g resp.It was therefore clear that the nutritional value of T.giganteum and P.eryngii was both high, but compared with the protein contents, the nutritional value of T.giganteum was higher than that of P.eryngii.


He has taught and published extensively on racism, whiteness, and nationalism in several historical and geographical contexts. He is the author of Whiteness: An Introduction (Routledge), Racisms (second edition Sage), and A Moral Economy of Whiteness (Routledge). He previously Senior Research Fellow at the University of Cardi ff . His work focuses on sociology and racism and on the racialisation of white identities and whiteness . He speaks to Professor Nicola Rollock about whiteness and White Supremacy in higher education, ' allying ' , cricket, and hope .


The aim of the thesis is to verify possible link between contrast effect in persuasive message and its effect on various factors of efficient messages, which include change of attitude index, message evaluation and cognitive effort. Except for the main interaction of the contrast effect and predictors of message efficiency, intervening variables of subject's arousal and involvement were taken into consideration. There was a research done prior to the main research, in order to choose suitable stimulus, which will be in line with commercial format and will evoke negative emotions among the audience enabling to study possible contrast effect. Based on the results of the pre-research, the most suitable video was chosen. The chosen video allowed author to study possible contrast effect. The study was using SAM scale, which helped to generalize the sample and allowed to implement stimuli from different cultural background. The final sample considered 149 subjects. The study confirmed the existence of contrast effect and its effect on message evaluation. However, its effect on other variables was not supported at desired significant level. Despite the results, the study calls for another research on the effect of contrast onto individual variables of message efficiency, which would also consider repeated exposure to messages. The conclution offers possible implication of the study results within various fields.


Partial Differential EquationsBoundary Value Problems of Linear Partial Differential Equations for Engineers and ScientistsFormal Properties of Over-determined Systems of Linear Partial Differential EquationsFundamental Solutions of Linear Partial Differential OperatorsAnalysis of Finite Difference SchemesHandbook of Linear Partial Differential Equations for Engineers and ScientistsHandbook of Linear Partial Differential Equations for Engineers and ScientistsPartial Differential Equations IIThe Analysis of Linear Partial Differential Operators IILinear Partial Differential EquationsNonlinear Partial Differential EquationsSeminar on Singularities of Solutions of Linear Partial Differential EquationsLinear Partial Differential Equations for Scientists and EngineersPartial Differential Equations with Numerical MethodsSome Recent Results in Linear Partial Differential EquationsThe Analysis of Linear Partial Differential Operators IIIPartial Differential EquationsBasic Linear Partial Differential EquationsIntegral Operators in the Theory of Linear Partial Differential EquationsTheory of Separation of Variables for Linear Partial Differential Equations of the Second Order in Two Independent VariablesPartial Differential EquationsBasic Linear Partial Differential EquationsBasic Linear Partial Differential Equations. TrevesLinear Partial Differential Equations for Scientists and EngineersLectures on Cauchy's Problem in Linear Partial Differential EquationsTheory of Differential EquationsLinear Partial Differential Equations with Constant CoefficientsLinear Partial Differential EquationsSingular Nonlinear Partial Differential EquationsNumerical Methods for Nonlinear Partial Differential EquationsSolving Linear Partial Differential Equations: SpectraThe analysis of linear partial differential operatorsLinear Partial Differential OperatorsLocally Convex Spaces and Linear Partial Differential EquationsNon-Linear Partial Differential EquationsAnalysis of Finite Difference SchemesLectures on Linear Partial Differential EquationsLectures on Linear Partial Differential EquationsIntroduction to the Theory of Linear Partial Differential EquationsAnalytic Methods for Partial Differential Equations


In discussing the course and the teaching material of College Chinese, one should detach oneself from the former set thinking model of an ordinary Chinese scholar and directly have one' s eyes on the interpenetration and the mutual movement between natural science and the humanities, and between the specific subjects in the system of human studies, and on the practical needs of the non-Chinese specialty students at higher schools. It would be better to teach, within the specified teaching hours, the ABC of Chinese language and culture so as to broaden their academical vision rather than teach them the knowlege of language and words of Chinese specialty or about language and literature. As for the name of this com-mon reguired course, Reader of Chinese Language Literature would be better than College Chinese.


The construction of microsatellite‐enriched libraries is an indispensable tool to search for molecular markers as complete genome sequences are still not available for the majority of species of interest. Numerous protocols are available in the literature for the construction of these libraries; however, sometimes their low efficiency or lack of optimization in the protocols can restrict their efficacy. We have designed and tested various adapters and ligation methods; we also tested oligo‐repeat combinations and hybridization temperatures, and created libraries with this new protocol for four organisms: Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam, Chionanthus retusus Lindley & Paxton, Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford & Olivera and Puccinia kuehnii W. Krüger. The number of microsatellites detected for these species ranged from 2494 to 3919 per Mb of nonredundant sequence, that was 0.86 and 1.53 microsatellites per contig, with 37–66% of di‐nucleotide motifs and 21–49% of tri‐ to octa‐nucleotide repeats combined. A simplified protocol is provided for the successful generation of SSR‐enriched libraries.


According to the World Health Organization tooth retention is defined as any tooth that arriving the normal time of eruption is being stopped partially or completely and remains in the maxillary unerupted. Many diseases are associated with dental retention, one of them are dentigerous cysts. It is presented a male patient of 56 years old, who was attended at the Stomatology Consultation for odontology, in the realization of a X-ray of lower molars the discovery of two mandibular third molars was found upside; around crowns a radiolucent image was observed which impressed a pericoronary widening space. Surgical excision was performed and sent a pericoronary tissue sample to pathology; the diagnosis of dentigerous cyst in both cases was received. The patient evolved satisfactorily after performing surgery.


THOUGH the influence of 'the Orient' on Greek art and Greek science has long been axiomatic, in the field of literature, mythology, and philosophy little solid ground has yet appeared from the waters. Hesiod's flag stands in the middle of that little. Walcot's book is a study of the various points of contact between Hesiod's poems and the surviving remains of Egyptian, Mesopotamian, Phoenician, and Hittite literature. The first two chapters deal with the Theogony, particularly with the Succession Myth, though the argument wanders so as to take in other material. A discussion of the later Greek versions of the Typhoeus myth leads to the suggestion of some (rather wispy) eastern parallels for passages of Theocritus and Ovid, and from there to Pherecydes and Sanchuniathon. The account of Enutna Elil is followed by discussion of a Babylonian poet's claim to divine inspiration. The third chapter concerns Pandora, and its main thesis is that the description of her preparation in the Theogony derives from Egyptian official accounts of the birth and upbringing of pharaohs. The fourth chapter is devoted to didactic literature as a genre in'Greece and the Near East. The fifth, entitled 'Hesiod and Boeotia', is an attempt to put Hesiod in his historical setting, and to show by what route eastern influences are most likely to have reached him. Walcot admits some Mycenaean borrowings, but lays particular stress on eighth-century connexions between Euboea (which Hesiod once visited) and Al Mina. Those are the main outlines of the book, but it is impossible to summarize the variety of material that is worked in incidentally. It is likewise impossible within the limits of a review to undertake detailed criticism, and some general remarks must suffice.


For different modulus of asphalt semi-rigid base,these factors,such as the vertical stress on surface,the tensile stress on the bottom layers of surface and base,the deflection on surface and surface shearing stress,were analyzed to find out the location of each maximum value of them,and the change trend with various semi-rigid modulus.The results show that too large modulus of asphalt semi-rigid base will lead to pavement rut,shear failure,base course crack and reduction of fatigue life of surface.But too little modulus will be lack of strength.By overall analysis,the modulus of asphalt semi-rigid base shall be selected from 1000~1600MPa.


Introduction Ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) results in the pathophysiological generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with concurrent activation of the complement cascade. This manifests as delayed graft function, which has a significant impact on the longevity of the graft. We aimed to evaluate if ROS scavenging nanoparticles can be used to mitigate IRI related injury during normothermic machine perfusion (NMP). Methods A randomised, two-stage, preclinical trial was used to assess the impact of poly(propylene sulfide) (polysulfide) nanoparticles (PPS-NPs) on parameters associated with IRI in a renal NMP system (experiment 1, n=6 vs 6). Paired porcine kidneys were randomised to receive either an NP-preservation flush followed by 6 hours of NMP with NP-perfusate, or control preservation flush and standard NMP. Following this, an allogeneic transplant-reperfusion model was used to evaluate if treatment with PPS-NPs improved renal haemodynamics post-transplantation (experiment 2, n=6 vs 6). Kidneys were perfused for 3 hours with or without NP, before being reperfused on a circuit primed with matched blood from genetically different donor pigs for 6 hours, without immunosuppression. Results In experiment 1, all kidneys perfused well for 6 hours with physiological renal haemodynamics and biochemistry. Kidneys perfused with PPS-NPs had improved regional tissue perfusion on infra-red imaging. In experiment 2, renal haemodynamics were significantly improved during allogeneic reperfusion (post-transplant) after treatment with NP. Complement activation remained significantly lower in treated kidneys with a diminished TNF-α response. This translated into an improvement in tissue integrity. Conclusion IRI was ameliorated following treatment with NPs during preservation and NMP. This was evidenced by an improvement in renal haemodynamics and diminished inflammatory markers upon reperfusion with allogeneic blood.


Warring States period, the rise of the philosophers learn stage,"Hanshu Yiwenzhi"to"the philosophers of school for Wangguan "to explain the rise of the doctrine of the philosophers.Firstly, according to "Hanshu Yiwenzhi", to reveal its first six arts and then the concept of academic philosophers, to its respected the basic position of the King in the official ancient science; further for Mohist school lid for the gatekeeper of Qingmiao "and speculated that"Hanshu Yiwenzhi"pushsource the Mohist Origins reason. Second exposition Mozi good "poetry" book "," Spring "," at the ceremony then the law summer Deficit weeks music nor the ink learn why being detained "Hanshu Yiwenzhi" as the "Six Classics" support and flow-American. " This is because Confucius、Mozi regarding the ritual, they are not so by the external form, two sub-completely is not by no means same.Mozi regarding the ritual, the happy innovation is actually aims at has not conformed to Confucian of and the villain Confucian the Confucius ritual study real significance again the philosophy breakthrough.


The objective of this paper is to give a closer insight into the motion of multiphase flows in a stirred media mill by means of simulation and measurement. For the investigation of motion in the stirred media mill, the grinding beads and the fluid were taken into consideration, neglecting the product particles. The turbulent two-phase flow is modeled with an Eulerian-Lagrangian approach. Turbulence is modeled with the k-e-model. For measurements of the fluid and grinding beads in the grinding chamber particle-image velocimetry and particle-tracking velocimetry are used, respectively.


The full-thickness Plicator® (Ethicon Endosurgery, Sommerville, NJ, USA) was developed for endoscopic treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The goal is to restructure the antireflux barrier by delivering transmural pledgeted sutures through the gastric cardia. To date, studies using this device have involved the placement of a single suture to create the plication,

 To evaluate clinical efficacy of endosural suturing using gastroscope for patients with resistant GERD,

 This is A Prospective study, was carried out on 25 adult patients having resistant GERD or Hiatus hernia at Gastroenterology outpatient's clinic, endoscopic center, From September 2020 to March 2020,

 According to Endoscopy, there were 20 with Esophagitis in found GERD, and 1 case with Incompetent cardia in no GERD finding,

 Endoscopic full-thickness plication using the GERDx™ device improves the distal acid exposure of the esophagus, typical reflux-related symptoms and QoL in well-selected patients. This procedure might constitute an option for patients with mild GERD. Long-term outcomes are required to expand our knowledge on the effects of this procedure,


The synthesis of 2,3-butane diacetal protected dimethyl tartrate (R′,R′,R,S)-1 using a chiral memory protocol and its utility for the preparation of desymmetrised meso-tartrate derivatives through selective transesterification and aminolysis of the spatially different carboxylate termini is described.


Beri-Beri is caused by vitamin B1 (thiamine) deficiency. Thiamine is essential for carbohydrate metabolism and the generation of energy. Depending on age and calorie intake, 1-1.5mg/day are required with a 50% increase during pregnancy and lactation. Fever and increased muscular activity will also increase thiamine requirements (storage in muscles is limited, and reserves are quickly depleted). The sources of thiamine are meat, the outer layer of cereal grains and pulses, nuts, and leafy vegetables. The vitamin is lost during milling and processing and during excessive cooking. Beri-beri takes 2 forms: wet beri-beri which has a high output biventricular failure with edema associated with profound peripheral vasodilation and tachycardia (this also occurs in an acute fulminating form known as shoshin beri-beri) and dry beri-beri with symptoms of peripheral neuropathy with taxia, weakness, paraesthesia, and patchy sensory loss with areflexia. In this form, foot and/or wrist drop may occur. Thiamine deficiency can also produce Wernicke-Korsakoff psychosis characterized by vomiting, horizontal nystagmus, ophthalmoplegia, memory loss, and confabulation. Wet beri-beri is a medical emergency treated by intravenous administration of thiamine for several days. 38 patients (27 men and 11 women) were identified with beri-beri in urban Banjul in the Gambia. 14 had wet beri-beri, 11 a mixed presentation, and 13 dry beri-beri. Most of the patients were disabled for many months. Risk factors were pregnancy, alcohol consumption, fever, exercise, diabetes, and dysentery. 4 of the patients died (2 were in the last trimester of pregnancy). The staple diet in urban areas of the Gambia is imported, polished white rice in a groundnut- or oil-based sauce with fish and vegetables such as peppers, onions, and tomatoes. Meat is too expensive for the urban poor, and fruit and vegetable consumption is highly seasonal and income-dependent. There is little chance that this diet will be changed for the 46% of the population who live in urban areas. It is likely that a substantial proportion of the population has subclinical thiamine deficiency and are at risk of beri-beri. Since thiamine added to imported rice will be destroyed by traditional means of cooking, adding the vitamin to wheat flour may be an appropriate public health measure.


сокра-were used as hypertensive agents. Hypotensive effect was estimated every 15 to 30 minutes according to the level of systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreasing, heart rate falls and improvement of common condition. Results. Moxonidine and urapidil proved to have the most evident hypertensive properties. When the Medical Emergency service goes for a call about hypertensive crisis, it is recommended to use as antihypertensives moxonidine and urapidil in individual doses. Conclusion. However, the time spent on calls doesn't allow full control for the rate of blood pressure decreasing in the course of several hours. The creation of unified emergency aid informative base with outpatient-clinical net makes it possible to observe the patients under control in the emergency aid departments and to improve succession in various stages of providing medical aid.


The utility model discloses a cabinet type multifunctional folding bed comprising a vertical cabinet as well as a bookshelf assembly and a bed frame assembly arranged in the vertical cabinet, wherein the bookshelf assembly and the bed frame assembly are arranged on an inner base plate, and a planar runner trolley is fixedly connected with the middle part of the lower surface of the inner base plate; a lower telescopic guide rail is longitudinally arranged between the planar runner trolley and an outer base plate of the vertical cabinet; an inner top plate is horizontally arranged at the top end of the bookshelf assembly, and an upper telescopic guide rail corresponding to the lower telescopic guide rail is arranged between the inner top plate and the inner wall of an outer top plate of the vertical cabinet; guide wheels are arranged at two ends of each of the inner top plate and the inner base plate and can slide in corresponding guide slots formed in the outer top plate and the outer base plate. According to the cabinet type multifunctional folding bed disclosed by the utility model, through the design of a bidirectional rotation structure, the functions of placing articles and resting are independent while the floor area of living room furniture is reduced, so that the cabinet type multifunctional folding bed further improves the utilization ratio of placing articles, and is simple in structure, convenient to operate and flexible to switch.


Purpose To investigate the clinicopathologic features,diagnosis and differential diagnosis of sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation(SANT) of the spleen.Methods Five cases of SANT of the spleen are described.Their clinical data,pathologic characteristics,immunophenotype and postoperative follow up were analysed.Results The most common presentations were incidental finding of an asymptomatic splentic mass(4 patients).Only one patient presented with abdominal pain and discomfort.The splenic lesion was solitary and sharply demarcated from the surrounding parenchyma with a white scar-like center.The non-fibrous areas were beefy red.All cases showed a remarkably consistent multinodular appearance.The individual nodules had an angiomatoid appearance,in which they were composed of slit-like,round of irregular-shaped vascular spaces lined by plump endothelial cells and interspersed by a population of spindly or ovoid cells.Immunohistochemistry revealed 3 distinct types of vessels in the angiomatoid nodules: CD34-/CD31+/CD8+,CD34+/CD31+/CD8-and CD34-/CD31+/CD8-.The spindly or ovoid cells showed variable staining for SMA,CD31 and CD68.The internodular stroma was scattered lymphocytes,plasma cells and histocytes.None of the patients had evidence of recurrent disease after splenectomy.Conclusions SANT is a relatively new,benign neoplasm arising within the red pulp of the spleen,which should be distinguished from hemangioma,inflammatory pseudotumour and littoral cell angioma of the spleen.It could be cured by splenectomy.


In two studies in this series (litis 1954, 1958) it was maintained that the common American Polanisia graveolens Rafinesque should properly be called P. dodecandra (L.) DC., the latter based on Oleome dodecandra of Linnaeus's Species Plantarum (1753). However, in a recent generic review of the Caper family for the Southeastern United States, Ernst (1963: 90-91, footnote 6) casts serious doubts on the validity of this disposition, suggesting instead that the C. dodecandra L., based as it is on a description in the Flora Zeylanica (No. 242, p. 109), a work based in turn on Paul Hermann's Ceylon plants and drawings, is actually a hitherto unrecognized or misunderstood Asiatic species which should not be equated with the well-known American Polanisia graveolens Raf., the two being presumably totally different taxa. The present paper attempts to show that on the basis of the critical collections housed in London (and 1[Ed.: Published as Capparidaceae rather than Capparaceae at the


The cost budget plan is one of the controls in the management of a project that will be planned in the company, if in the planning of a project there is no budget plan then a project will be ambiguous in making the report, it also needs to be applied to PT. Bumitangerang Mesindotama to facilitate companies in planning the costs. Therefore, it is necessary to have a system that can produce output in the form of detailed reports for planning company budget costs in meeting the procurement system of a project plan. In this study a web-based system is implemented for planning project cost budgets in companies, therefore it is necessary to design a web-based company budget plan system. This system uses web-based input in the process of filling out project activities, details of required materials and budget planning of the required costs so that it can produce final reports in the form of the neat recapitulation. With the creation of a cost budget plan system is expected to solve existing problemsand the company no longer needs to use a manual way to plan budget costs, so that the budget planning process can run more quickly and accurately. In this study, researchers used the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) method which was supported by data collection through observation and literature study.


Transpubic urethroplasty was performed in 13 patients of membranous urethral strictures secondary to fracture of the pelvis and followed up for more than 6 months. Pubectomy was not associated with orthopaedic problems and provided an easy access to the membranous urethra for primary urethral anastomosis. The post operative results were good in 6, moderate in 4 and poor in 2 patients. In one case it is too early to assess the results. Post-operative sexual functions and continence has been good in all patients. We believe that the transpubic approach to these difficult urethral strictures is a useful operative procedure (JPMA 31:78, 1981).


This paper discusses E-Government and the basic of GIS technology and application,Web GIS and its methods of realization in brief.In author's company,the Web GIS intergration information platform is realized successfully,that uses Go2map-Mip middleware bassed on MapXtreme.


High infrared-absorption films having low cost and light weight are indispensable for infrared sensors. We developed IR-adsorption coatings with low-reflectance and low-transmittance at wavelengths of 3–13μm, based on a copper electroplating film pretreated with chemical etching and subsequent blackening. The chemical etching and blackening respectively produced columnar and feather-shaped structures on a copper surface. The reflectance and the transmittance of the films were below 15% and below 1% at wavelengths of 3–13μm, respectively. The current coating technique might be useful to develop high absorption, low cost, and lightweight infrared absorbers. © The Electrochemical Society of Japan, All rights reserved.


In this paper, the small- and large-signal modeling of InP heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) in transferred substrate (TS) technology is investigated. The small-signal equivalent circuit parameters for TS-HBTs in two-terminal and three-terminal configurations are determined by employing a direct parameter extraction methodology dedicated to III–V based HBTs. It is shown that the modeling of measured S-parameters can be improved in the millimeter-wave frequency range by augmenting the small-signal model with a description of AC current crowding. The extracted elements of the small-signal model structure are employed as a starting point for the extraction of a large-signal model. The developed large-signal model for the TS-HBTs accurately predicts the DC over temperature and small-signal performance over bias as well as the large-signal performance at millimeter-wave frequencies.


Ramucirumab plus docetaxel (RAM+DOC) is expected to prolong survival in patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, the efficacy and safety for older patients remains unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of RAM+DOC in patients 75 years and older.


Case: The PIONEER phase 3 program investigated glycemic response and other efficacy endpoints in patients (pts) with type 2 diabetes randomized to the glucagon-like peptide-1 analog oral semaglutide (sema; 3, 7 or 14 mg once daily), placebo (pbo) or an active comparator (empagliflozin [empa] 25 mg, sitagliptin [sita] 100 mg or liraglutide [lira] 1.8 mg once daily). This post-hoc analysis of the PIONEER 1-5 and 8 trials evaluated the response of any reduction in HbA (%) and/or body weight (%), and a clinically relevant composite endpoint of HbA1c reduction ≥1% and body weight loss ≥5%, with oral sema 14 mg vs. comparators at the end of treatment (26-78 weeks). Across trials, any reduction in HbA1c was observed in higher proportions of pts with oral sema (89- 95%) than with pbo (51-64%) or active comparators (82-88%). A simultaneous reduction in both HbA1c and body weight was seen in 72-86% of pts treated with oral sema. The composite of HbA1c reduction ≥1% and body weight loss ≥5% was achieved by 27-41% of pts with oral sema, 1-8% of pts with pbo, 11% with sita 100 mg, 18% with lira 1.8 mg, and 20% with empa 25 mg. Within each trial, the odds of achieving HbA1c reduction of ≥1% and body weight loss of ≥5% with oral sema 14 mg were significantly greater vs. all comparators.


We perform a systematic study of the antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on the Husimi lattice using numerical tensor-network methods based on projected entangled simplex states. The nature of the ground state varies strongly with the spin quantum number $S$. For $S=\frac{1}{2}$, it is an algebraic (gapless) quantum spin liquid. For $S=1$, it is a gapped, nonmagnetic state with spontaneous breaking of triangle symmetry (a trimerized simplex-solid state). For $S=2$, it is a simplex-solid state with a spin gap and no symmetry breaking; both integer-spin simplex-solid states are characterized by specific degeneracies in the entanglement spectrum. For $S=\frac{3}{2}$, and indeed for all spin values $S\ensuremath{\ge}\frac{5}{2}$, the ground states have ${120}^{\ensuremath{\circ}}$ antiferromagnetic order. In a finite magnetic field, we find that, irrespective of the value of $S$, there is always a plateau in the magnetization at $m=\frac{1}{3}$.


Children too can now take advantage of e‐book technology. E‐book titles for children are becoming popular as more and more e‐publishers are producing and selling children's books. This paper discusses and presents some of the latest e‐books initiatives for children. Firstly, e‐book definitions are explained in two categories: concept and devices. Then their formats, active e‐publishers and examples are outlined. Next, book builders that allow users to build books while maintaining the book metaphor are discussed with particular attention to a book builder designed specifically for children. Fifteen children participated in an evaluation to verify the ease of use of the selected book builder. An ease of use index was constructed from the addition of four variables: learning time, questions asked during learning, book building time and questions asked during building. Finally, this paper concludes that children are very much at ease with e‐book technology. They are able to use e‐books and e‐book builder without much effort.


Retroviral-mediated delivery of the P140K mutant O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) into hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) has been proposed as a means to protect against dose-limiting myelosuppressive toxicity ensuing from chemotherapy combining O-alkylating agents (e.g., temozolomide) with pseudosubstrate inhibitors (such as O-benzylguanine) of endogenous MGMT. Because detoxification of O-alkylguanine adducts by MGMT is stoichiometric, it has been suggested that higher levels of MGMT will afford better protection to gene-modified HSC. However, accomplishing this goal would potentially be in conflict with current efforts in the gene therapy field, which aim to incorporate weaker enhancer elements to avoid insertional mutagenesis. Using a panel of self-inactivating gamma-retroviral vectors that express a range of MGMT activity, we show that MGMT expression by weaker cellular promoter/ enhancers is sufficient for in vivo protection/selection following treatment with O-benzylguanine/temozolomide. Conversely, the highest level of MGMT activity did not promote efficient in vivo protection despite mediating detoxification of O -alkylguanine adducts. Moreover, very high expression of MGMT was associated with a competitive repopulation defect in HSC. Mechanistically, we show a defect in cellular proliferation associated with elevated expression of MGMT, but not wild-type MGMT. This proliferation defect correlated with increased localization of MGMT to the nucleus/chromatin. These data show that very high expression of MGMT has a deleterious effect on cellular proliferation, engraftment, and chemoprotection. These studies have direct translational relevance to ongoing clinical gene therapy studies using MGMT, whereas the novel mechanistic findings are relevant to the basic understanding of DNA repair by MGMT. [Cancer Res 2008;68(15):6171–80] Introduction Retroviral-mediated transfer of drug resistance genes into hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) has been investigated for its potential to achieve the dual aim of preventing severe dose-limiting toxicity of cancer chemotherapy and enrichment of gene-modified cells in vivo (reviewed in ref. 1). Of several drug resistance genes proposed for this application, one of the best characterized is O-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT ; ref. 2). MGMT confers protection against clinically relevant O-alkylating agents, such as 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU; Carmustine) and temozolomide (Temodar), which are used in the treatment of a variety of tumors, predominantly brain tumors (3, 4). Hematotoxicity is dose limiting in many treatment protocols using O-alkylating agents (5, 6), likely due to low expression of MGMT in the HSC and progenitor (P) compartment (7). In addition, elevated expression of MGMT has been found to be a mechanism of drug resistance in tumor cells, particularly glial tumors, which have poor prognosis (8, 9). To circumvent tumor resistance, pseudosubstrate inhibitors of endogenous MGMT, such as O-benzylguanine and O-(4-bromothenyl)guanine (lomeguatrib), have been developed. These agents ablate MGMT activity and sensitize tumors to the cytotoxic effects of O-alkylating agents (10, 11). However, in human clinical trials the combination of O-benzylguanine or lomeguatrib with temozolomide or BCNU has been shown to exacerbate myelosuppression (12–14). This increased toxicity likely relates to the depletion of MGMT activity in bone marrow HSC/P. Several mutant versions of MGMT are resistant to such pseudosubstrate inhibitors, yet retain alkyltransferase activity. Of these, the P140K mutant (MGMT) seems to be optimal, combining resistance to pseudosubstrate inhibitors with efficient repair of cytotoxic O-alkylguanine adducts (15–18). Thus, one goal of current studies is to achieve transgenic expression of MGMT in bone marrow HSC/P. Coupled with O-alkylating agent treatment and O-benzylguanine depletion, tumor cells will be sensitized while simultaneously protecting the bone marrow compartment to effect a widened therapeutic window. Clinical studies are currently under way using gamma-retrovirus vectors expressing MGMT in patients with poor-prognosis brain tumors (19). In addition, we and others have shown that treatment of mice and dogs that have been transplanted with HSC transduced with O-benzylguanine–resistant MGMT vectors allows significant in vivo selection of transduced cells (16, 20–23). Note: Supplementary data for this article are available at Cancer Research Online (http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/). Requests for reprints: David A. Williams, Children's Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Avenue, Karp 07212, Boston, MA 02115. Phone: 617-919-2697; Fax: 617730-0934; E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com. I2008 American Association for Cancer Research. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-0320 www.aacrjournals.org 6171 Cancer Res 2008; 68: (15). August 1, 2008 Research Article American Association for Cancer Research Copyright © 2008 on February 21, 2013 cancerres.aacrjournals.org Downloaded from DOI:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-0320


The changes in recent decades in the world of work have legitimized the emergence of policies of recognition of prior learning acquired in informal and non-formal contexts. In Portugal, the Recognition, Validation and Certification System (RVCC) was implemented in 2001, supported on the balance of skills and on the autobiographical approach. In this article we analyze the use of autobiography in the context of adult education based on the Accreditation of Prior Experiential Learning. We look with particular attention to the professional episodes trying to identify the narrative strategies that candidates use in valuing and legitimizing their learning. Using an analytical corpus of one hundred autobiographies, we have identified the existence of a set of narrative resources used by the candidates in the autobiography, due to the nature of the professional episode, in an attempt to ensure the pertinence of the process.


beneficial to postoperative recovery compared with a vertical incision. In patients in whom laparoscopic assistance was employed it was possible to use a very small transverse incision because the colon and rectum could be mobilized and divided laparoscopically. The small transverse incision was ma& mainly for specimen retrieval and to facilitate stapled anastomosis. The improved recovery after the laparoscopic procedure, we believe, is a benefit of the small incision made possible by the technique. It matters very little whether the benefit to the patient is a direct or indirect effect of the laparoscopic approach. Our study was comparative albeit clearly not randomized. Patients for laparoscopic surgery were highly selected to be elderly (over 65 years) or to have disseminated disease, as described in the paper. We had some concern when we first started on laparoscopically assisted colectomy because of uncertainty whether as radical a resection could be achieved as in open operation. With the experience gained from over 80 laparoscopic procedures, we are now certain that the clearance can indeed be as radical. We therefore believe that further studies of the randomized nature suggested by Drs Eu and Milsom can now be justified.


Unorganized sector was coined by the British economist Keith Hart in 1971, which emerged as a one of the dynamic and vibrant sector. This sector broadly corresponds to the household sector which includes private unincorporated enterprises. The unorganized sector also includes some formal activities on which there is no regular system of data availability. Unorganized sector contributed significantly and expanded rapidly in the Indian economy. The contribution of formal activities in the unorganized sector is quite small. High population, unemployment and ample number of degree holders are some of the reasons for self- employment generation in an unorganized sector. The Government of India set-up a 'National Commission on Enterprises in the Unorganized/Informal Sector through a resolution dated 20th September, 2004 as an advisory body and watchdog for the informal sector . As per the Economic Survey 2007-08, 93% of Indias Work force including the self-employed and employed in unorganised sector. The Ministry of Labour, Government of India Has categorised the unorganised labour force under various groups such as occupation, nature of employment,distressed category and service category. This paper is based on role of entrepreneur and Challenges before the present youth in taking up such job in unorganized sectors as self- employment .It highlight about present scenario of unorganized sector, Status, role of entrepreneur in creating interest for self employment, Challenges and problems faced in selecting self- employment.


We report on gold (Au)-doped multi-layer graphene (MLG), which can be used as a transparent conducting layer in near-ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (NUV-LEDs). The optical output power of NUV-LEDs with thermally annealed Au-doped MLG was increased by 34% compared with that of NUV-LEDs with a bare MLG. This result is attributed to the reduced sheet resistance and the enhanced current injection efficiency of NUV-LEDs by the thermally annealed Au-doped MLG film, which shows high transmittance in NUV and UV regions and good adhesion of Au-doped MLG on p-GaN layer of NUV-LEDs.


T he Hausdroff, Normalized Geometric and Normalized Hamming distance measures of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Multi sets (IFMS) are compared in this work. Also this paper constitutes of identifying the best Distance measures of IFMSs. The comparison analysis is done by applying them in pattern recognition problems.


Let X be a set with a symmetric kernel d (not necessarily a distance). The space (X,d) is said to have the weak (resp. strong) covering property of degree = m [briefly prf(m) (resp. prF(m))], if, for each family B of closed balls of (X,d) with radii in a decreasing sequence (resp. with bounded radii), there is a subfamily, covering the center of each element of B, and of order = m (resp. splitting into m disjoint families). Since Besicovitch, covering properties are known to be the main tool for providing derivation theorems for any pair of measures on (X,d).
Assuming that any ball for d belongs to the Baire s-algebra for d, we show that the prf implies an almost sure derivation theorem. This implication was stated by D. Preiss when (X,d) is a complete separable metric space. With stronger measurability hypothesis (to be stated later in this paper), we show that the prf restricted to balls with constant radius implies a derivation theorem with convergence in measure.
We show easily that an equivalent to the prf(m+1) (resp. to the prf(m+1) restricted to balls with constant radius) is that the Nagata-dimension (resp. the De Groot-dimension) of (X,d) is = m. These two dimensions (see J.I. Nagata) are not lesser than the topological dimension ; for Rn with any given norm (n > 1), they are > n. For spaces with nonnegative curvature = 0 (for example for Rn with any given norm), we express these dimensions as the cardinality of a net ; in these spaces, we give a similar upper bound for the degree of the prF (generalizing a result of Furedi and Loeb for Rn) and try to obtain the exact degree in R and R2


Trichoderma harzianum of resistant to carbendazim are obtained by UV-light and carbendazim stress on PDA medium. They could be used as the isolates with good colonization ability for further research.


This graduation thesis deals with analyzis and exploration of humorous print ads of cars. The theoretical part is based on the study of literature in the field of advertising, history of advertising, humour, psychology and marketing research. The practical part analyzes the perceptions and attidudes of humorous print ads by Czech public. The project part provides manual for creation of humorous ads.


Investigation of the possibility of studying the Bauhaus painting heritage with deep learning techniques. The efficiency of this approach is basically limited by the small size of the dataset, limited possibilities of using augmentation and significantly different nature of the images studied in comparison to typical datasets such as ImageNet. The example of classifying World War II posters using transfer learning and fine-tuning of the MobileNetV2 network illustrates the basic points regarding the use of deep learning to solve typical research problems in the Bauhaus heritage. The effects of augmentation, batch size, learning rate, and number of pre-training layers on the quality of learning are investigated. Practical recommendations useful to humanities researchers of art collections are presented.


The classical Romberg's test based on stabilometric tests in eyes open (EO) and closed (EC) conditions was used for investigating the influence of visual feedback in the body sway control in healthy adult subjects. Stabilograms from 144 subjects (aged 18-40) resting over a force platform were recorded for 30 s in EO and 30 s in EC conditions. The mean velocity was obtained for EO (VmEO) and EC (VmEC) in both anterior-posterior (y) and medial-lateral (x) directions and in the (x,y) plane, and thus used for computing the respective Romberg's quotient (RQV). All Vm and RQV parameter histograms presented unimodal asymmetric shapes, which were adequately fitted to lognormal distributions (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, p > 0.05). These findings suggest a single homogeneous group in terms of visual strategy. Taking the threshold scores (95% confidence interval) of the Vm and RQV distributions, only four subjects (2.7%) presented values below the lower limit, as expected by the confidence level (two tailed, 5%). A strong dependence was also found between each RQV and the respective VmEC (Spear correlation > 0.86, R2 > 74.0%), with VmEO presenting almost negligible coefficients of determination (R2 < 2.9%). One can conclude that RQV derived from a single stabilometric trial could be not sufficient for the diagnosis of body sway control impairment by vision. Nevertheless, the RQV could be useful to indicate subjects to carry out additional tests to investigate a possible deficit in the integration of the visual information in the postural control system.


The objective of this work is to establish the anthropometric, clinical and serum profiles of acute malnourished children, seen in consultation and / or hospitalized in the pediatric emergency and nutrition services of Treichville University Hospital Center. The study covers 290 children aged 06 to 59 months. A questionnaire gathering anthropometric parameters as well as clinical signs, allowed the diagnosis of the nutritional status of each child. The serum examinations resulted in drawing up the sub-clinical profile of acute malnourished children. The results of this study are presented in the form of tables and figures. Statistical analyzes are made with Statistica version 7.1 and EPI-Info version 3.5.4 software. The results indicate that the acute malnourished child in hospital, presents a Weight / Height Z-score less than -2.9 ET, a brachial Perimeter less than 11.3cm, a collapse of serum proteins, infectious diseases, hyponatremia and moderate anemia.


noticed what she took to be double vision Mariotte's blind spot. onl glanicinig to the riglht. For instance, clhair appeared to have six legs. Whereupon she consulted Gar(den of Ovenden, who referred her for examination. examination on April 16th the vision in each eve was 6 12. Thje ocular muscles were normal. The red band of the 1addox rod running hojizontally passed normally through the liglht, but thevertical resibandaappearedcur'vedroundthelight. 'Upright lparalel lines drawn upon a wvhite card 'seemned to be


Based on the introduction of mechanism of biological phosphorus removal,the influence of microorganisms' population balance,wastewater quality,environmental factors,operating parameters and manner on phosphorus removal effect was adequately analyzed in this paper.Among all influencing factors,too high dissolved oxygen(DO) concentration must be avoided,which in aerobic zone should be less than 2.0mg/L and which in anaerobic zone less 0.2mg/L;Nitrate in anaerobic zone exhibited negative effect on phosphorus release,but certain concentration of nitrate in anoxic zone was beneficial to phosphorus accumulation;Carbon source must be adequate and easily degraded.


A multi-layered graded porous airborne nose-cone radome design for radar antenna system with surveillance and tracking capabilities at X and K bands, respectively, is presented. The radome wall structure has five layers and is symmetrically constructed with the dielectric constant increasing gradually from the outer layer to the middle layer on either side. The inner layers are made up of silicon nitride with varying porosity for attaining variable dielectric parameters, whereas the outermost layers are composed of quartz lamination for better impedance matching. The analysis shows that the proposed radome design gives excellent EM performance characteristics in the EM window regions at both X and K bands. The novel dual-band radome design presented has potential application in airborne radar antenna system incorporating both surveillance and tracking capabilities.


The quality of safe and clean drinking water is becoming more important. Therefore, harmful pollutants in the surface and ground water need to be detected before drinking water is prepared from this. With the current methods, it is not possible to continuously monitor the intake water for the presence of genotoxic compounds (Woutersen, 2013). Therefore, a new monitor system is developed to detect the genotoxic compounds in surface water before this water is used to prepare drinking water. In this study, a biosensor is used to detect genotoxic compounds in water by recA controlled expression of the lux gene cluster in Escherichia coli strain DPD2794. This is done by continuously testing the surface water in a 3D-printed bioreactor with a working volume of 16 mL. Surface water is continuously added to a small chemostat using a ceramic hollow fiber. The ceramic hollow fiber is placed inside the bioreactor and the water with the genotoxic compounds is pushed through the wall of the hollow fiber from the inside by a syringe pump. Organisms and bigger particles flow through the tube. The water which is pushed through the wall of the hollow fiber goes directly into the bacteria culture in the bioreactor. In this way, organisms in the surface water cannot contaminate the bacteria culture. The bacteria culture is continuously pumped from the bioreactor to a 3D-printed flow cell placed in a dark cabin and back to the bioreactor. The presence of genotoxic compounds in water leads to the expression of the lux genes and the luminescence is detected with a photomultiplier placed above the flow cell. Currently the biosensor responds to nalidixic acid with a minimum concentration of 1 mg/L and several biological and physical options are investigated to obtain a higher sensitivity. When the concentration of naladixic acid decreases the lux genes are not induced anymore the luminescence fades out and the biosensor is ready to register the next event. The bioreactor consists of three 3D-printed parts and the flowcell is printed as a one piece. The 3Dprinting is performed with the stereolithography technique (SLA) using the Form 1 (Formlabs Inc., USA) with their optimized transparent resin. The biosensor requires only low and simple maintenance. Replacing fresh medium and discarding the culture waste is required to keep the system running for at least 30 days. This study showed an improved design of a biosensor for detecting genotoxic compounds using the stereolithography 3D-printing technique and is a useful addition to the current monitoring systems for surface water. By optimizing the flow cell, media composition, light harvesting and/or recA promotor sequence alterations the biosensor has the potential to detect lower concentrations of genotoxic compounds in surface water. Woutersen, M. (2013). Development And Validation Of An On-Line Water Toxicity Sensor Based On Genetically Modified, Luminescent Bacteria (Doctoral Dissertation).


When exposed to stress, human organism re-distributes its sources of energy in the expectation of the coming danger. In such cir cumstances motor and sensory systems are activated at the most, whereas digestive, immune, reproductive and other systems, not essential in the situation of imminent danger remain temporarily suppressed. This, of course, is beneficial in case of real physical dan ger, however, if such a state lasts for too long or recurs too often, the suppressed systems inevitably get impaired. Stress and its consequences are one of key issues of the modem society. Somewhere between one and two thirds of all doctors' vis its is stress-related. Numerous epidemiological and experimental researches in recent years have clearly documented the correlation between stress and incidence of many diseases. The most recent studies estimate two thirds of all doctors' visits to be caused by stress. Intensive research into molecular mechanisms of responses to stress, conducted in many laboratories, gradually explains the correla tion between stress and its consequences. Glycoconjugates and their receptors the lectins seem to be directly involved in that process. Detailed understanding of the biochemical basis of those complex processes will create possibilities for the development of new drugs to alleviate some of the negative impacts of stress.


The California Islands off the Pacific coast of southern and Baja California display almost diagrammatically the insular phenomena that characterize fringing archipelagos. To a lesser extent they also illustrate some of the insular features associated with oceanic islands. Several of these islands have been much studied and are relatively accessible. The location, size, elevation, and geological history of the islands are described. To determine the degree of disharmony of the island floras, they are analyzed in comparison with selected California mainland floras. The degree of richness of the island floras is discussed in relation to size of the islands, proximity to the mainland, and other variables. Such phenomena of island life as the immigrant pattern of vertebrate distribution, relict versus autochthonous endemism of plants and animals, insular gigantism, continuous flowering, high degree of hybridization, vulnerability, and loss of dispersibility in island species are considered in reference to the California Islands. Some suggestions as to available facilities on the islands and persons or institutions to contact are given in an epilogue. Off the Pacific coast of southern California and Baja California, Mexico, lie the islands variously called the Channel Islands or California Offshore Islands and the Baja California Islands or, collectively, the California Islands. Although they are in no sense tropical, they are worthy of mention in this symposium because they are a good example of a fringing archipelago and because they illustrate many of the insular phenomena that one might otherwise have to travel far to tropical areas to study. Some of them are quite accessible from the heavily populated areas of southern California, and some of them have been rather thoroughly studied by biologists. Although they are, thus, rather well known to California biologists, they are surprisingly little known to non-Californians. It is hoped that this short discussion of them and of some of their insular characteristics will create more interest in them among those biologists concerned with evolutionary and environmental phenomena. The Southern California and Baja California Islands consist of 16 major islands or island groups spread over some 500 miles between Point Conception, California, and Punta Eugenia, Baja California, Mexico (Fig. 1). From east to west the Northern Channel Islands are Anacapa, Santa Cruz, Santa Rosa, and San Miguel. The Southern Channel Islands are San Nicolas, Santa Barbara, Santa Catalina, and San Clemente Islands. The Baja California Islands include Los Coronados just south of San Diego, Todos Santos off Ensenada, San Martin off San Quintin, San Geronimo south of El Rosario, the San Benitos, Cedros, and Natividad off Punta Eugenia, and Guadalupe 157 miles off the Baja California peninsula. In order of size, with area in square miles, the islands are: Cedros (134), Guadalupe (98), Santa Cruz (96), Santa Rosa (84), Santa Catalina (75), San 11 am grateful to Dr. Reid Moran for critically reviewing the manuscript, for making many valuable suggestions, and for supplying useful unpublished information. 2Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, California 91711. ANN. MISSOURI BOT. GARD. 56: 391-408. 1969. This content downloaded from 22.214.171.124 on Wed, 27 Apr 2016 05:48:03 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms [VOL. 5 6 392 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN Clemente (56), San Nicolas (22), San Miguel (14), Natividad (2.8), San Benito (2.5), Anacapa (1.1), Santa Barbara (1.0), Los Coronados (1.0), San Martin (0.9), Todos Santos (0.5), and San Geronimo (0.2). Their distances from the mainland, in statute miles, are: San Martin (3), Todos Santos (4), Natividad (5), San Geronimo (6), Los Coronados (8), Anacapa (13), Cedros (14), Santa Cruz (19), Santa Catalina (20), San Miguel (26), Santa Rosa (27), Santa Barbara (38), San Benito (41), San Clemente (49), San Nicolas (61), and Guadalupe (157). All these figures are from a summary by Philbrick (1967). The highest elevations on the largest islands, in feet, are: Guadalupe (4,257), Cedros (3,950), Santa Cruz (2,165), Santa Catalina (2,069), San Clemente (1,965), Santa Rosa (1,574), and San Nicolas (907).


The purposes of this predictive correlational research were to study the level of adherence to  regimens, examine the relationships and predictability of predicting factors. The subjects of the study selected by multi-stage random sampling were 158 adolescent  out-patients with HIV/AIDS visiting HIV clinics in 5 regional hospitals: Lampang Hospital, Sappasitthiprasong Hospital, Choaphraya Yommarat Hospital, Chonburi Hospital, and Maharaj Nakhonsithammarat Hospital. Data were collected by questionnaires. All questionnaires were tested for content validities by a panel of experts. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients were adherence to  regimens .81, perceived benefits to treatment .75, perceived barriers to treatment .90, self-efficacy .87, social support .94, disclosure to diagnosis .63, and stigma questionnaires .85.  Multiple regression was used in statistical analysis. The major findings were as follows: 1. Mean score of adherence to regimens of adolescents living with HIV/AIDS was at a good level (  =  3.29, SD = 0.33) 2.  Perceived benefits to treatment, Self efficacy, Social support and Disclosure to diagnosis were positively related to adherence to regimens among adolescents living with HIV/AIDS (r = .373, .559, .463, and .370, respectively). Perceived barriers to treatment and Stigma were negatively  related to adherence to regimens among adolescents living with HIV/AIDS (r = -.252, and -.194, respectively). 3. Self efficacy, Social support, Disclosure to diagnosis, Perceived benefits to treatment, Stigma, and Perceived barriers to treatment increased the explained variance in adherence. Variables accounted for 42.3% of total variance in adherence. The equation derived from the standardized score was: Adherence to  regimens =   0.361 Z Self-efficacy* +  0.210 Z Social Support* + 0.258 Z Disclosure to diagnosis * + 0.090 Z Perceived benefits to treatment + 0.124 Z Stigma – 0.077 Z Perceived barriers to treatment


The anonymous author of a paper published in the November 1857 issue of The Nautical Magazine, introduced a novel philosophy in relation to the location of lighthouses. At the same time he discussed the proposition for a coastal traffic separation scheme for the English Channel — notorious then, as it still is, for its high incidence of collisions and groundings. The proposal was made just two years after Walter R. Jones of New York made his suggestion to Lieut. M. F. Maury of the United States Navy for an ocean traffic separation scheme which materialized in the form of Maury's 'steam lanes' for the North Atlantic.


In this work the supercapacitive behavior of electrochemically synthesized polyaniline/nano-structural manganese dioxide composite (PANI/NsMnO2) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was studied. NsMnO2 was synthesized by an ultrasound method. PANI/NsMnO2 was synthesized by cyclic voltammetry in a 1 M H2SO4 solution containing the aniline monomer (0.03 M), NsMnO2 (0.2% wt) and 5 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The average size of the NsMnO2 which was distributed uniformly throughout the composite was 60 nm. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge (CD), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and fast Fourier transform continuous cyclic voltammetry (FFTCCV) methods were used for the study of the supercapacitive properties of the composite electrode. For morphology and structural characterizations of the composite electrode scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fast Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used. Using cyclic voltammetry the specific capacitance values of PANI and PANI/NsMnO2 were calculated to be 190 and 507 F g−1 respectively. The stability of the two electrodes were measured and compared together with the FFTCCV technique. The presence of NsMnO2 caused an increase in the stability of electrodes from 30% for PANI to 90% for the PANI/NsMnO2 electrode. Furthermore by using the FFTCCV technique changes in the electrochemical behavior of the PANI/NsMnO2 composite electrode over time were scrutinized.


The development of high‐performance porous electrode is highly desired in microfluidic fuel cells (MFCs) to improve their output for real‐world applications. Previous studies have mainly focused on the electrochemical modification of the porous electrodes to enhance their reaction kinetics. Yet, less attention was paid on the optimization of the electrode porous structure for improved mass transport. To identify proper optimization strategies, a computational model of flow‐through type MFC with porous electrodes is established in this work and systematic numerical analyses are conducted to compare the effects of the kinetic and structural parameters of the anode and cathode on the cell performance. Simulation results show that the constraint from the anode is more severe and concentration polarization brought by the insufficient mass transfer in the porous electrodes dominates the cell performance. Thus, structure optimization of the porous electrode for enhanced mass transfer is more promising in the performance enhancement of MFCs in comparison with the electrochemical modification. The specific surface area of the anode is identified as the most influencing factor. After proper structure optimization, an increase of 62.2% can be obtained in the current density at 0.8 V, which is three times of that in the electrochemical modification case. Based on the results, useful guidance is provided for the future development of MFCs.


FENSON, LARRY, and RAMSAY, DOUGLAS S. Decentration and Integration of the Child's Play in the Second Year. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1980, 51, 171-178. 2 studies, 1 cross-sectional and 1 longitudinal, examined the relation between 2 developmental trends in play during the second year: the emergence of decentered acts, and the integration of separate acts into simple sequences. In both studies, infants were tested at 13, 19, and 24 months of age. Decentered acts directed toward inanimate as well as animate or lifelike objects had appeared for most children by 19 months. Sequences resulting from the repetition of a single theme generally emerged concurrently with the decentration measures. In contrast, sequences resulting from the coordination of 2 different acts did not emerge for most children until 24 months. It was suggested that the latter type of sequence may require an additional cognitive skill, specifically, the ability to mentally relate 2 different actions.


Synthetic methods for the selective formation of all carbon quaternary centres in non-cyclic systems are rare. Here we report highly enantioselective Cu-catalytic asymmetric conjugate addition of alkylzirconium species to twelve different acyclic trisubstituted enones.


Abstract Health technology assessment conducted to inform decisions during technology development (development-focused or DF-HTA) has a number of distinct features compared with HTA conducted to inform reimbursement and usage decisions. In particular, there are a broad range of decisions to be informed related to the development of a technology; multiple markets and decision makers to be considered; a limited (and developing) evidence base; and constrained resources for analysis. These features impact upon methods adopted by analysts. In this paper, we (i) set out methods of DF-HTA against a timeline of technology development; (ii) provide examples of the methods' use; and (iii) explain how they have been adapted as a result of the features of DF-HTA. We present a toolkit of methods for analysts working with developers of medical technologies. Three categories of methods are described: literature review, stakeholder consultation, and decision analytic modeling. Literature review and stakeholder consultation are often used to fill evidence gaps. Decision analytic modeling is used to synthesize available evidence alongside plausible assumptions to inform developers about price or performance requirements. Methods increase in formality and complexity as the development and evidence base progresses and more resources are available for assessment. We hope this toolkit will be used in conjunction with the framework of features of DF-HTA presented in our earlier article in order to improve the clarity and appropriateness of methods of HTA used in DF-HTA. We also seek to contribute to a continuing dialogue about the nature of, and the best approach to, DF-HTA.


In the article the features of formation of structure of ecological and economic mechanism of urban land use, land use planning process, cities, are analysed. The functions of urban land and land and resource potential conversion in a self-contained economic development are uncovered.


The objective of this paper focuses on evaluating the impacts of governance factors on the firm performance of Vietnamese listed consumer goods enterprises. The study uses 2 factors representing firm governance such as the size of the director board (BS), CEO Duality (CDU), and 4 controlling factors like the stock price (SP), capital expenditure to total assets (CAPEX), sale growth (GS), as well as firm size (AS) to assess the influence on firm performance. Firm performance is measured by Tobin Q (TOB). Three kinds of models like Pooled OLS, Random Effected, and Fixed Effected are applied to analyze data from 75 listed consumer goods firms with 825 observations in the period from 2010 to 2020. The study uses Stata software 15 for implementing the regression models as well as testing research variables. The findings show that there is an impact of governance factors on firm performance in which size of director board, stock price, capital expenditure to assets, sale growth express positive statistics significant on firm performance. CEO duality has an unclear result in all three models. Besides, total asset still indicates a different result. It proves that there is a negative relationship with firm performance. The findings are a necessary base for firms' managers as well as policymakers to issue suitable policies in the future.


Objective To study the effect and mechanism of glutamate in the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) injury after blast injury combined with hypoxia in rats. Methods A total 56 Wistar rats were divided into three groups randomly, ie, normal control group, blast injury group and blast injury combined with hypoxic group (Group HG). The injured rats were inflicted with blast injury by BST-Ⅰ bio-shock tube. Rats in Group HG were put into the hypoxic-cabin with mixed hypopxia of 12.5% for six hours immediately after blast injury. Posterior to blast injury, the rats were killed at days 1,3,5 and 7 respectively and the retina obtained for determination of the concentration of glutamate in the retina by a-mino-acid analyzer, detection of P20 subunit of Caspase-3 by immunohistochemistry and observation of the apoptosis by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-end labeling (TUNEL). Results The concentration of glutamate was (0. 245±0. 008)μg/mg in the normal retina but increased significantly at day 1 (P 0. 01 ) , fell gradually afterward and remained still higher than normal level after blast injury ( P 0. 01 ) . The positive cells of P20 subunit of Caspase-3 and TUNEL staining were absent in the normal control group, started to emerge at day 3 after blast injury, increased strikingly at day 5 (P 0.01 ) and remained high at day 7. The positive cells were mainly RGCs that could be occasionally detected in the inner nuclear layer. The above-mentioned indicators were in the dominance correlation. Conclusions Blast injury combined with hypoxia strikingly aggravate the retina lesion in rats. The apoptosis in RGCs mediated by glutamate exitotoxicity may be one of important mechanisms of the retina lesion after blast injury combined with hypoxia in rats.


Hair is something that comes out of the skin and has a shape like a thin thread. Hair has many things, including protection from the sun's function, adding beauty and color lines to the face, protecting the eyes from sweat, dirt and dust, and others. Hair is composed of a protein substance called keratin. To determine the VCO and PKO in the rate of growth activity and hair distribution rate. Extraction of PKO from palm kernel and VCO from the coconut fruit, characterization testing including fatty acids and squalene using the Gas Chromatography (GC) method, free fatty acids using the titration method with 0.01N KOH, and finally vitamin E using the Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) method. smeared every 2 times a day. Tests for the distribution rate of hair growth and daily hair growth rate were carried out every 5th, 10th, 15th, 20th, 25th, 30th day. And weight considerations were made on the 30th day. compared to Pure Coconut Oil in hair growth in rabbits.


Most of the current materials used in food packaging are synthetic and non-degradable, raising environmental issues derived from the accumulation of plastics in landfills/waterways. The food industry increasingly needs eco-friendly sustainable materials that meet the food packaging requirements. Bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), a biopolymer obtained by fermentation, offers very good mechanical properties as well as the ability to carry and deliver active substances. However, its water vapour permeability is too high for food packaging applications. In this work, a layered biodegradable composite based on BNC and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHBV) was produced, attempting to improve the overall barrier properties. PHBV is a biopolymer with high degree of hydrophobicity and biodegradability, also obtained by fermentation. Wet BNC membranes produced by static culture were plasticized by impregnation of solutions of either glycerol (BNCgly ) or polyethylene glycol (MW 600) (BNCPEG ). The plasticized BNC was then coated with PHBV solution dissolved in formic acid, and oven-dried at 148 °C.
 Overall, PHBV coating on plasticized BNC reduced significantly the water vapour permeability (from 0.990 to 0.032 g.μm.m−2 .day−1 .Pa−1 ) under 50% relative humidity. It increased the hydrophobicity (contact angle from 10-40° to 80-90°), but decreased the stiffness (from 3.1 GPa to 1.3 Gpa) of the composite.
 Overall, the mechanical and barrier properties of the obtained layered composite were considered suitable for food packaging applications. The plasticizing (with glycerol or polyethylene glycol) of BNC significantly improved the mechanical performance, while PHBV coating reduced the water affinity (vapour and liquid state) on BNC. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.


The policewoman is not only a woman, but she is a police officre, too, and she has hwer share in the prevention and deteciton of crime


MRI can produce quantitative liver fat fraction (FF) maps noninvasively, which can help to improve diagnoses of fatty liver diseases. However, most sequences acquire several two‐dimensional (2D) slices during one or more breath‐holds, which may be difficult for patients with limited breath‐holding capacity. A whole‐liver 3D FF map could also be obtained in a single acquisition by applying a reliable breathing‐motion correction method. Several correction techniques are available for 3D imaging, but they use external devices, interrupt acquisition, or jeopardize the spatial resolution. To overcome these issues, a proof‐of‐concept study introducing a self‐navigated 3D three‐point Dixon sequence is presented here.


Pros and cons as well as current usage of a variety of contraceptives are reviewed. 8 sources are cited. The physician in his clinical practice and through schools should play a role as educator stressing a philosophy of responsible sexuality. The combined pill is the most efficient means of contraception available but the risks of oral contraception (thrombo-embolism jaundice disturbed carbohydrate metabolism amenorrhoea depression hypertension possibly cancer) must be weighed against the problems of unwanted pregnancies. The IUD is a good alternative but complications can include method failure perforation abnormal bleeding and pain and pelvic inflammatory disease. The sheath and diaphragm are free from side effects but somewhat inconvenient. Coitus interruptus often fails and can cause psychogenic stress. The rhythm method should be accompanied by the use of a temperature chart. Due to fertility future family expansion and side-effect considerations a couple may progress from a combined pill to a low-dose progestogen pill to the IUD to sterilization.


1. List of Contributors 2. Introduction (by Alexiadou, Artemis) 3. On the deficient/strong Opposition in Possessive Systems (by Cardinaletti, Anna) 4. Possessors, Articles and Definiteness (by Schoorlemmer, Maaike) 5. Possession in Germanic (by Delsing, Lars-Olof) 6. Attributive Genitive Constructions in German (by Lindauer, Thomas) 7. Case Underspecification in Morphology, Syntax and the Lexicon (by Gallmann, Peter) 8. Predicate Inversion in DP (by Dikken, Marcel den) 9. Predicate Movement in Pseudopartitive Constructions (by Corver, Norbert) 10. A Theory of Kinds, Partitives and of/z Possessives (by Zamparelli, Roberto) 11. Adjectival Modification and Multiple Determiners (by Alexiadou, Artemis) 12. Fragments of Balkan Nominal Structure (by Dimitrova-Vulchanova, Mila) 13. A Note on Rigidity (by Uriagereka, Juan) 14. Subject Index