Judy Darragh emerged as an artist in the late 1980s. Renowned for embracing low-art and kitsch in her witty and lurid sculptures, she quickly established a reputation as the 'Queen of Kitsch'. Darragh has long since abdicated that tacky throne and, over the past eighteen years, has worked widely using video, photography, collage, installation and stage-production, synthetic, industrial and found materials. She continues to engage vigorously with issues of sex, politics and good taste with wit, pith and humour, and her artworks continue to charm, baffle and amuse all kinds of New Zealanders. Produced in association with the Te Papa exhibition of the same name, Judy Darragh: So...You Made It? is the first retrospective of Darragh's work and her first major project in a public gallery - as well as a first for Te Papa; a unique and collaborative 'artist's project' which explores Darragh's current practice alongside her past works. Here in over 100 full-colour plates and illustrations is a wealth of fresh and familiar Judy Darragh artwork, ranging from the high tack and plastic fantastic of the 'Queen of Kitsch' era to her provocative Wild things series using correction fluid and cheap poster art, to a brand new suite of sculptural works that will challenge even the highest expectations of the usd2 shop. With a major essay from curator Natasha Conland, essays and interpretation from Chris Kraus, Tessa Laird and Jon Bywater and an in-depth artist's interview by Gwynneth Porter, Judy Darragh: So...You Made It? is a timely new opportunity to engage with this always-relevant New Zealand artist and her ongoing assault on the everyday objects that surround us.


[Objective] The aim was to introduce a quality and efficient boom sprayer. [Method] The compare experiment of spray volume and chemical weeding effect between 3WXG-300 type boom sprayer and farmer,s homemade boom sprayer was carried out. [Result] The spray volume of 3WXG-300 type boom sprayer was less 418 L/hm2 than farmer,s homemade boom sprayer, that was the spray volume of 3WXG-300 type boom sprayer was less 59.7% than farmer,s homemade boom sprayer, meanwhile the working time of 3WXG-300 type boom sprayer was decreased by 7.4 min/hm2,that was the working efficiency was increased by 29.7%. The chemical weeding effect of 3WXG-300 type boom sprayer before corn emergence was also better than that of farmer's homemade boom sprayer. [Conclusion] If the sprayer is improved properly, it could be used for many spray operations in dry farmland.


In Winnipeg Canada 22 apparently healthy reproductive-age women with no history or evidence of clinical malabsorption were taking combination-type oral contraceptives and were included in an investigation of the absorption of folate polyglutamate. Those patients having normal serum folate while on therapy also had normal folate polyglutamate absorption while those subjects with low folate polyglutamate absorption while on therapy were among the contraceptors with low serum folate. It is conceivable oral contraceptives inhibit folate polyglutamate absorption in only a certain percentage of women. On the other hand the authors favor the idea that the patients with low serum folate and folate polyglutamate malabsorption suffer from a very mild and clinically unrecognized malabsorption unrelated to the therapy. The authors believe that oral contraceptives rather than causing folate polyglutamate malabsorption interfere with folate metabolism and reduce body folate stores thereby aggravating the folate deficiency state of some patients with occult malabsorption and producing folate-deficient megaloblastic anemia. The data indicate that at least in most women on oral contraceptives developing impaired folate metabolism folate polyglutamate absorption is noncausative. The absorption of the monoglutamate and polyglutamate forms of folates in the majority of the contraceptors was seen to be normal.


Web-based learning settings are more convenient than face-to-face learning settings, whereas they present additional opportunities for education that occurs in various environments. However, many educational institutions specially in the third world countries are not prepared for the challenges involved in offering quality Web-based courses. This research aimed to identify Web based courses effects on students' satisfaction and learning autonomy based on Moore's transactional distance theory (TDT) through web-based courses. Therefore, this study seeks to develop a model to measure students' background, students' experience, students' learning autonomy, students' dialogue with their instructor, and students' satisfaction. A quantitative approach was implemented in this study. Whereas a questionnaire was the major data collection tool, thus it was distributed amongst 377 learners. Furthermore, the obtained data was examined using AMOS-SEM. More specifically, SEM was applied for the independent variables which were dependent in a subsequent dependent correlation. The results showed that students' background, students' experience, students' learning autonomy, and students' dialogue there were positive and significant relationship with students' satisfaction. Additionally, the students had a feeling of satisfaction. Therefore, the results proposed a guideline for instructors of institutions of higher learning in Palestine to design and create web-based courses that would increase students' autonomy and satisfaction in the Web-based learning settings.


A study commissioned by northern European ports has confirmed that prevailing deepsea routes are the most efficient means of moving containers in and out of the continent. Jacqui Street reports.


Driven by the increasing complexity of global supply chain networks and the recent economic downturn, supply chain risk management has become an important field of study for researchers from different scientific domains. The interdisciplinary nature of risk management requires a holistic approach to correctly assess the risk profile of a firm and of the entire supply chain network. According to recent studies there is a growing need for a new, integrative framework to capture quantitatively the uncertainties stemming from the interconnectedness of the global supply chains. Additionally, the number of potential supply chain risks is evolving, predominantly driven by the operations activities being outsourced to emerging markets, but also to the regions exposed to natural catastrophes. This doctoral thesis is a contribution to the field of supply chain risk management. As it is a cumulative dissertation, it consists of the introductory chapter, followed by five scientific papers. The choice of methodologies is motivated by the multifaceted nature of risk management in supply chain networks. First, we examine how companies in the extended supply chain network default. We use an agent-based modeling approach to describe the interaction among heterogeneous agents. We show that companies should extend the level of analysis to the entire supply chain network in order to correctly assess the risk of supplier defaults. Based on the numerical results, we provide recommendations on which strategies companies should employ to improve their performance in the uncertain economic environment. We continue the discussion by investigating more closely the propagation of supply chain disruptions across the network. We incorporate stochastic point processes to model disruptions at the firm level. We aggregate losses and provide distributional risk measures, which allow for quantification of supply chain risk for a given supply chain network topology. We study the correlation effects and draw conclusions about diversification of supplier portfolios. In the next step, we focus on a methodology for bottleneck identification in supply chain networks. We compare some established network theory-based measures for identifica-


Abstract : An ability to simulate the flowfield produced in the wake of the Aerobraking Orbit Transfer Vehicle (AOTV) is needed to investigate mitigation of the expected ratio blackout by means of injecting SF(6) gas into the flow. This intense shock fronts in the ram flow. Consequently, the free molecular flow, transition flow, and continuum flow are simultaneous present in the AOTV problem. We show that Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DMSC) code can be used to simulate the flowfield in an AOTV wake. The DMSC code produces reasonable results for air only flow, including many of the features know the dominant species controlling the flow near the vehicle, is well mixed with the ambient gas, and is largely confined to the wake. While our results demonstrate the utility of the DMSC code for the blackout problem, we recommend additional effort to performed simulations in a 3-D axisymetric geometry and to anchor our input data to ram flow calculations by NASA-Langley. (RRH)


PurposeThe aim of this paper is to explore the relationship between perception of service quality, student satisfaction, switching barriers on behavioural intentions among private higher education institutions (HEIs) with self-accreditation status in Malaysia.Design/methodology/approachA total of 388 valid questionnaires were collected via a self-administered questionnaire from the undergraduate students of private HEIs with self-accreditation status in Malaysia. PLS-SEM has been employed for hypotheses testing.FindingsThe results show that student perceived service quality is positively influence student satisfaction and student behavioural intentions, particularly the positive word-of-mouth (WOM). The relationship of student perceived service quality and student behavioural intentions is fully mediated by student satisfaction. However, there is no mediating effect found for the switching barriers on the relationship between student satisfaction and behavioural intentions.Research limitations/implicationsThis study's findings are only generalizable to the private HEI with self-accreditation status in Malaysia. The paper contributes to the body of knowledge in the areas of service quality, satisfaction, switching barriers and behavioural intentions. These findings provide valuable insight to the private universities management and policymakers to improve existing policies and practices in order to formulate effective strategies to attract potential new students and retain the existing students through the delivery of high-quality services.Originality/valueThis study's findings have reconfirmed that the causal relationship of perceived service quality-satisfaction-behavioural intentions model. Switching barriers has treated as the mediator which received less attention in the context of private higher education sector. Thus, this study broadens the exiting body of knowledge and advances the understanding of how switching barriers play a crucial role by influencing students' behavioural intention, particular WOM.


Aim: To compare the bond strength of four different endodontic sealers to root dentin through push‐ out test design.Materials and Methods: Forty single‐ rooted teeth with completely formed apices were selected. Teeth were decoronated, and working length was determined. Instrumentation and irrigation were performed. The teeth were divided into four groups based upon the sealer used. Group 1: Bioceramic sealer (BioRoot TM RCS), Group 2: Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) based sealer (MTA Fill apex), Group 3: Epoxy resin based sealer (AH Plus Sealer), and Group 4: Calcium Hydroxide based sealer(Sealapex) Manipulation and application of the sealer was done as per the manufacturer instructions. All the teeth were obturated using 6% gutta‐ percha. After obturation, each tooth was prepared for push‐ out test with root slices of 2 mm thickness using universal testing machine. Results: The highest bond strength was found in Group 1 (BioRoot TM RCS) (P < 0.05) compared to other groups. The lowest bond strength was found in Group 2 (MTA Fill apex). Statistical analysis is done by two‐ way ANOVA and Newman‐ Keuls multiple post hoc. Conclusion: The push‐ out bond strength of Bioceramic sealer was highest followed by resin‐ based sealer and lowest bond strength was observed in MTA‐ based sealer.


The spinel LiMn2O4 was synthesized by high temperature solid phase method and modified by coating carbon nanotubes(CNTs),so LiMn2O4/CNTs composite material was obtained.The morphology,structure and electrochemical properties of LiMn2O4/CNTs were characterized by SEM,XRD and electrochemical tests,so as to investigate the effects of CNTs coating content on the rate capability and high temperature electrochemical performance of LiMn2O4 material.The results indicate that LiMn2O4/CNTs possesses better crystal structure,morphology than pure LiMn2O4,and the optimal CNTs coating content is 5% of mass fraction.The rate capability at room temperature and high temperature cycle performance of 5%(mass fraction) CNTs-coated LiMn2O4 are more excellent than those of the uncoated LiMn2O4.The capacity retention ratio of LiMn2O4/CNTs is 78.3%,while that of pure LiMn2O4 is only 63.5% after 18 cycles at 55 ℃ and 0.5C rate.


The paper deals with the study of 'et cetera' words and word combinations - the last, but non-final members of the equipotent chain - and the ways they are fixed in the dictionaries of the Middle Ob dialects. The questions of adequate headword description, explication of meaning and correct representation of examples of such kind are considered. A special attention is given to the interaction between lexicology, grammar and lexicography.


Gastro retentive drug delivery system (GRDDS) is one of the novel approaches in the area of oral sustained release dosage forms. Drugs that are easily absorbed from gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and have short half-lives are eliminated quickly from the systemic circulation require frequent dosing to achieve suitable therapeutic activity. To avoid this limitation, the development of oral sustained release GRDDS is an attempt to release the drug slowly into the GIT and maintain an effective drug concentration in the systemic circulation for a long time. After oral administration, such a drug delivery would-be retained in the stomach and release the drug in a controlled manner, so that the drug could be supplied continuously to its absorption sites in the GIT. The present review highlights the features of GRDDS specifically from a practical and industrial viewpoint.


It is highly desirable to reduce the need for medical services by maintaining the health of the population, and intensive monitoring of health parameters is likely to become necessary to attain this goal. A new concept of health monitoring is described, in which an individual's health parameters are automatically monitored at home without disturbing their daily activities. We review and show attempts at developing such monitoring techniques, which include monitoring during sleep, via the bathtub or toilet seat, daily activities and daily behaviors. These studies show that home health monitoring can be achieved with developed sensors and instruments. Also we show that monitoring daily behavior can be realized with only simple sensors and systems. To realize this concept, fully automated objective evaluations and/or analysis of data must be developed and large scale computational analysis is essential for those evaluations.


Many applications of passive RFID labels (tags) require a reading range larger than 10m compounded with the limited to 10mW power radiated by the interrogation system. In this paper it is shown that SAW-tags operating in 2.45 GHz ISM band can meet such criteria. The losses in a "D7" SAW-tag with 24 bit of code (∼1.7∗107) were minimized to a record level of about 37dB for code responses by using a uni-directional transducer (SPUDT, group type) and by decreasing the total number of reflectors. The reflectors were carefully weighted using FEM/BEM simulator FEMSAW and the code responses amplitudes had uniformity ±1.5dB. We use time-positioning coding with one reflector per 16 possible positions and, thus, sacrificed some code capacity, but visibly reduced the losses. The calibration reflectors, the check sum reflectors and increased guard time delays between possible time positions of responses were used to generate a robust reading algorithm. The tag and the reader antennas had directivities of 8dBi and 16.5 dBi respectively. The reading distance of the D7 tag was up to 11m for indoor measurements and 13m in open space. Such a distance is achieved with truly passive tags requiring no battery or other power supply. We show that the same loss level can be expected for D9 SAW-tag with 1 billion of possible codes. The read error rate as a function of signal-to-noise ratio is estimated.


We test the hypothesis that pitch angle scattering by electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves can limit ring current proton fluxes. For two chosen magnetic storms, during 17–20 March 2013 and 17–20 March 2015, we measure proton energy spectra in the region 3 ≤ L ≤ 6 using the RBSPICE‐B instrument on the Van Allen Probes. The most intense proton spectra are observed to occur during the recovery periods of the respective storms. Using proton precipitation data from the POES (NOAA and MetOp) spacecraft, we deduce that EMIC wave action was prevalent at the times and L‐shell locations of the most intense proton spectra. We calculate limiting ring current proton energy spectra from recently developed theory. Comparisons between the observed proton energy spectra and the theoretical limiting spectra show reasonable agreement. We conclude that the measurements of the most intense proton spectra are consistent with self‐limiting by EMIC wave scattering.


is. i-ssT»/.:; iCon i,' o.ciu«'? end" ta^ntily ty t>(OC*< Using a real-time Green's functions formalism, we investigate the influence of depletion charge scattering on the room temperature mobility in scaled silicon metal-oxidesemiconductor field-effect transistors and low-temperature transport in Ino.l|Alo.6As-Ino.l|Ga0.6As modulation doped heterostructures. Our simulation results suggest that depletion charge scattering, which is usually ignored, has considerable impact on the electron transport in silicon inversion layers near the threshold gate voltage, even at room temperature. We also find that the weighting coefficients a and b (for the inversion and depletion charge densities) strongly depend on the substrate doping and deviate from that reported in the literature. In the case of modulation doped heterostructures, the low-temperature mobility is limited by alloy and Coulomb scattering. Intersubband scattering considerably affects the broadening of the states which, in turn, leads to mobility reduction. I £ ~ T I O -,AvA.i_A6!l_lTO AES


P decisions are central to the success of any export marketing venture. A rationally determined price will often mean the difference between success or failure in a foreign market and will determine to a great extent the volume of the profits realised from ventures into the exporting field. The importance of this fact is often overshadowed by the attention given to the other elements in the marketing mix. This does not suggest that distribution, promotion or product are any less important than price. For the marketing mix to function effectively in achieving market objectives, each element must be given equ1l consideration in relation to the pricing decision. However, isolated from the other elements, it should be evident that rational export price decisions are a fundamental prerequisite for any venture into a foreign market.


The form of neutron spectra from ($p,n$) reactions has been studied by measuring proton recoil tracks in photographic emulsions which were exposed to neutrons produced by bombardment of 1-Mev thick targets of several elements with 16-Mev protons. The number of emitted neutrons with energy $\ensuremath{\epsilon}$ can be represented by $\mathrm{nd}\ensuremath{\epsilon}=\mathrm{const} \ensuremath{\epsilon}\ifmmode\cdot\else\textperiodcentered\fi{}\mathrm{exp}(\ensuremath{-}\frac{\ensuremath{\epsilon}}{T})d\ensuremath{\epsilon} \mathrm{for} \ensuremath{\epsilon}g2 \mathrm{Mev}.$


This paper presents evidence showing that since antiquity there have been two opposed types of institutional systems: one resembling central planning and present in ancient China, ancient Egypt, the Inca Empire and other territorial states, and another one with strong market institutions, protection of property rights present mostly in city-states not just in the Mediterranean but throughout the world. Evidence is presented that these institutional differences dating back to the antiquity, and shaped by special geographical conditions, can be seen to be at the root of the two cultural systems in today's world: individualism and collectivism. These cultural differences have effects on economic performance and institutions in today's world. * I am very grateful to Li Duan, Yunhao Zhang, Yue Ma and especially Shaoyu Liu for excellent research assistance.


A series of tests was conducted on two 12 ampere hour nickel cadmium batteries under a simulated cycle regime using the multiple voltage versus temperature levels designed into the modular power system (MPS). These tests included: battery recharge as a function of voltage control level; temperature imbalance between two parallel batteries; a shorted or partially shorted cell in one of the two parallel batteries; impedance imbalance of one of the parallel battery circuits; and disabling and enabling one of the batteries from the bus at various charge and discharge states. The results demonstrate that the eight commandable voltage versus temperature levels designed into the MPS provide a very flexible system that not only can accommodate a wide range of normal power system operation, but also provides a high degree of flexibility in responding to abnormal operating conditions.


The use of biomarkers is considered a promising alternative, or complement, to traditional ecotoxicological assays. Toxic effects are often initially manifested at the molecular or biochemical leve ...


SUMMARY The frequency of sexual intercourse was also increased significantly in the Tribulus group. No side effect was observed. We concluded that Tribulus terrestris L., given at 500mg three times a day for 60 days proved to be effective in restoring some of the sperm functions, such as motility and acrosome reactions. ABSTRACT The increasingly popular use of the herbal extract of Tribulus terrestris L, reflective of the increased use of traditional medications in the recent years, has resulted in scientific research efforts to identify the active components. The identification of protodioscin, a furostanol saponin as the active ingredient followed the findings of its beneficial effects on the improvement of spermatogenesis, and on the increase in sperm mobility and viability. In this study, we investigated the effects of Tribulus terrestris L. treatment on sperm morphology and acrosome reactions in subjects with oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. Here, a double-blind and placebo controlled clinical trial was performed at Academic Hospital Dr. Soetomo in Surabaya, Indonesia. This study consisted of 30 primary and secondary infertile men (age 25-40 years), half of which received 500 mg tablets of Tribulus terrestris L. extracts three times a day for sixty days. The other half were treated with placebo. Ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, fitness and morphology, acrosome reaction efficiency, as well as other parameters were evaluated before and after treatment. We found a significant increase in the motility of sperm in the treated group (1.666 ± 12.344) as compared to the control placebo group (-9.000 ± 10.889, p < 0.05). We also found the proportion of sperms with normal acrosome reactions was increased in the treated group (6.633 ± 6.282) as compared to the control group (-0.333 ± 3.406, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the proportion of immotile sperm in the treated group (-10.333 ± 16.198) was significantly decreased as compared to the control group (12.666 ± 21.865, p < 0.05). The ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, morphology and motility of rapid, progressive and non-progressive sperms did not differ significantly. The frequency of sexual intercourse of these subjects with their partners was also increased significantly in the Tribulus terrestris L. treated group (p < 0.05). No harmful or other side effects were observed.


Update: Measles Outbreak in Haiti ......................................................... 1 Measles Outbreak in Venezuela ............................................................ 2 XIV Technical Advisory Group Meeting .................................................. 3 In 1994, Haiti completed a nationwide catch-up vaccination campaign against measles resulting in an estimated level of vaccine coverage of over 95% of children age 9 months to 14 years. Following this campaign, Haiti remained free of measles for 6 years, but during these years the level of routine immunization remained low. Consequently, there was an accumulation of over 1 million susceptible children below age 5, and Haiti was therefore at risk for a new measles epidemic. A follow-up campaign was conducted in 1999, but the campaign did not reach the majority of children in the target population.


The purpose of this paper is to examine the nature of the trading relationship in agricultural goods that the United Kingdom (UK) will have when it leaves the European Union (EU). The decision of the UK to leave the EU has raised many questions, including some on the nature of the trading relationship that the UK will have with the EU and third countries once it leaves the EU.,For agriculture, the UK will need to develop its own agricultural policy as it will no longer be subject to the Common Agricultural Policy and one constraint on the development of that policy will be the Agreement on Agriculture concluded at the end of the Uruguay Round negotiations.,This paper examines the three pillars of that Agreement – market access, domestic support and export competition – to determine the commitments that the UK may make in each pillar and then looks at two other relevant agreements, the SPS Agreement and the TBT Agreement, to complete the discussion of the scope of the UK nascent agricultural policy.,The value of the paper lies in the discussion of the obligations to be assumed by the UK under the Agreement on Agriculture and the contours of UK agricultural policy once it leaves the EU.


By exploring how my/a tattooed body functions as becoming through the concept of bodies without organs (BwO), this work pushes the edges of qualitative inquiry. Following St. Pierre's call to deconstruct the concepts on which qualitative research is built, this inquiry troubles the I/we of authorship and linear meaning making as it examines the tattooed body functioning as becoming a BwO. The nodal ethnography is a Deleuzo-Guattarian-based methodological inquiry in which interruptions and layers of narrative are used to create spaces for conversation between my multinodes. The tattoos on my semipermeable corporeal flesh tell multilayered stories that are constantly moving and shifting, and I (re)make meaning of these stories within, amongst, and between the nodes that constitute this disorganized body while approaching the limits of a BwO, always in progress, becoming. There is no beginning or end, only a middle, made up of lines that can be read in any order, as linearity does not live here. The Laminar Express iPhone/iPad photography application allowed for the layering of images, text, and color to rupture and even to distort the lines of ink on my body as a plane of representation adds yet another collaborative space to have dialogue(s); thus offering endless possibilities for the nodes of my ethnography to be (re)connected and (re)produced. My tattooed body evokes response from my multiselves as well as from others; ergo, I invite the reader to become a cocollaborator of this nodal ethnography, and to take lines of flight with/in this experimental space of what may appear when tattoos/images/multinodes/selves and storied lines of inked/textured text collide with Deleuzo-Guattarian theory in exploring my tattooed skin as becoming a BwO. INDEX WORDS: Qualitative inquiry, Deleuzo-Guattarian inquiry, BwO, Poststructural, Nodal ethnography, Autoethnography, Tattooed body, Becomings A NODAL ETHNOGRAPHY OF A (BE)COMING TATTOOED BODY


Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha has been identified as a major inducer of colony stimulating factor (CSF)-secretion by human vascular endothelial cells and fibroblasts. In the present study we assessed the capacity of TNFs to induce release of CSF-1 from highly purified peripheral blood monocyte preparations. Whereas monocytes do not accumulate CSF-1 messenger (m)RNA constitutively and consequently do not produce CSF-1 protein, CSF-1 mRNA and protein secretion became detectable, when monocytes were cultured in the presence of TNF-alpha, that was synergistically enhanced by interferon-gamma (IFN-gam-


Hardfill dam is a new type dam.Because its material and construction way are different from general concrete dams,the stress distribution possesses the features in itself.The elasticity modulus and specific creep of the Hardfill material are studied at first,and then,on the basis of the characteristics of material,structure and construction of the dam,a whole simulation procedure is developed by using the finite element method so as to analyse the temperature and stress fields of the Hardfill dam.The research results show that the foundation temperature difference is not a critical factor,and that tensile stresses still exist because of the temperature difference between the surface and inside of the dam.A corresponding improved design scheme is proposed,in which setting surface joints substitutes for penetrating joints to guarantee the anti-fracture safety of the dam surface and decrease the disturbance to dam construction.


In this study, an Augmented Reality (AR) system is developed to be used for visualizing design projects of buildings. In such design projects, it is desirable to enable design stakeholders visualizing the outcomes of different design options to reduce the resistance and hesitation towards new design challenges. The research proposes an outdoor mark-er-less AR using Simultaneous Localization andMapping (SLAM) for the AR tracking. Our proposed system performs reconstruction and localization steps in real-time, as opposed to similar methods in which the reconstruction step is done offline. A case study has been performed for a de-sign scenario of buildings. The case study verified the performance of visualization and tracking.


Mucin-producing gallbladder carcinoma (MPGBC) is a rare and aggressive subtype of gallbladder carcinoma. We present a case of MPGBC with associated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) / magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) findings that may raise suspicion of this diagnosis preoperatively.


We demonstrate a silicon photonic integrated circuit for all-optical demultiplexing of and selective coupling to the six spatial and polarization modes of a few-mode fiber (FMF). We successfully demultiplex all six modes after transmission through 30 km of FMF.


SUMMARY One hundred and sixty-eight wool samples were collected from commercial flocks of Karadi sheep raised in the five provinces of northern Iraq. The wool characteristics dealt with were staple and fibre length, crimps, fibre diameter, medullation, fibre strength and elongation. The results showed that the Karadi wool is a long type of carpet fleece with average staple and fibre lengths of 19·3 and 23·5 cm, respectively. It had an average fibre diameter of 48·1 μ and contained 19·45 % medullated fibres. The number of crimps per 2 cm was 2·4. Average fibre strength and elongation were 24·8 g/5 cm and 31·8 % respectively. Phenotypic correlations between wool traits were studied.


Social science analyses which try to incorporate human mental processes are fraught with problems. The very existence of "mind" as a distinct structure has been debated at length with no resolution (Hook, 1960). Could we agree on useful definitions, there would remain a host of epistemological issues since inferences about psychological conditions must necessarily be drawn from observed indicators. Nowhere has controversy about mental processes been more salient than in theories of crowd behavior. Turner and Killian note that the issues of "group mind" and "irrationality" thread the literature, and the debates have been often marked by "semantic confusion, obvious oversimplification, and sheer dogmatism" (Turner and Killian, 1972:6). At one extreme is the early work by LeBon (1960) and Freud (1957) who viewed crowd participants as creatures of passion, acting on impulse, and unable to exercise the most elementary forms of cognition. In marked contrast is work by game theorists (Raiffa, 1970; Schelling, 1963) who apply prescriptive strategies for decisions under uncertainty and risk to explain certain group processes. Brown (1965) and Berk (1972b) have applied gaming approaches to actual crowds. Despite varying assessments of the psychological states of crowd members, the dominant view in social science emphasizes emotion, suggestion, and irrationality (Couch, 1968). Smelser defines all collective behavior in terms of "generalized beliefs" (Smelser, 1962:8) clearly implying crippled cognition. Turner (1964) emphasizes "suggestibility" which Turner and Killian (1972:80) characterize as a "tendency to respond uncritically to suggestions that are consistent with the mood, imagery and conception of appropriate action that have developed and assumed normative character." Earlier, Blumer (1946) argued that crowds evolve through "circular reaction . . . a type of interstimulation wherein the response of one individual reproduces the stimulation that has come from another individual and in being reflected back to this individual reinforces the stimulation." He compared crowds to stampeding cattle claiming that all collective behavior participants react uncritically to each other and the environment. Shibutani (1966) and Klapp (1972) also employ Blumer's circular reaction, while Canetti (1966) simply takes the dominance of emotion as given. Unfortunately, this preoccupation with crowd irrationality has reinforced a type of social inequality Becker (1967) calls the "hierarchy of credibility." He argues that societies habitually give credence to the views of people in "superordinate positions" while dismissing the views of "subordinates." Becker's insights can be usefully extended if we recognize that credibility is not only a concomitant of high status, but one of its *1 wish to mention the crucial aid provided by Alan Berger in collecting the data. I also want to acknowledge the assistance of Howard S. Becker, John Walton, John I. Kitsuse, Deborah Lubeck, and Dianne LaFaver. Finally, the ASR referees, the people you love to hate, deserve mention for their thorough, insightful, and often blistering comments.


Objective: To observe the clinical effect of modified Zhenwu Tang (MZT) with small dose of L - sodium thyroid tablet (LTT) for hypothyroidism (HT) . Methods: 60 cases were allocated to 2 groups randomly (each group 30 cases). The treatment group was treated by MZT (composed of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, Radix Paeoniae Alba, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Poria, Radix Glycyrrhizae and Rhizoma Ziniberis Recens) associated with small dose of LTT; the control group by LTT alone. The clinical effect, the changes of thyroxin (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxin (FT4) and thyrotropic hormone (TSH) were observed before and after treatment. Results: The total effective rate was 93. 3% and 70. 0% in treatment group and control group respectively (P 0.01). After treatment, the comparison of T3, T4, FT3, FT4 and TSH between treatment group and control group showed very markedly significant difference (P 0.01). Conclusion: MZT associated with small dose of LTT possesses a better curative effect for HT with low side effect.


A well-educated workforce is crucial for Indonesia as it engages with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) Economic Community because the country must foster the ability to compete in an increasingly fluid and competitive regional landscape. However, Indonesia's international standard research output has been inadequate. Although the country has over 3,000 universities, these institutions vary widely in their quality and face a shortage of qualified academics with doctoral degrees on their staff. It is commonly known that Indonesian scientists living and working abroad are very reluctant to return to Indonesia due to the lack of material and non-material rewards they are offered in their home country. The State Budgeting and Expenditure allocation on Research and Development (R&D) evinces a pattern of exponential decline from 1969 to 2009. The total R&D budget ratio assigned by the Jokowi administration is still the same as previous years at 0.8 percent. Using the new institutionalism perspective offered by Charles E. Bidwell, the current study found that the R&D sector is not accorded priority by either the public or the government. As the executor, the government's development plan is grounded on issues raised by the community (decentralization). However, the community itself is still fueled by a consumerist egotism and is thus struggling at the ideological, prestige, and psychological levels.


Abdominal pain-predominant functional gastrointestinal disorder(FGID) plays an important role in inducing functional chronic abdominal pain in children.It has been confirmed that early-life adverse events,such as neonatal maternal separation,infection,pain stimulation,acute stress,will result in the onset of the FGID in childhood and even in adult.The food allergy,particularly milk allergy,is the most common anaphylactic disease in infants,which is the main reason leading to the onset symptom of the FGID in later life.It has practical significance that the early detection and timely treatment of food allergy will prevent and treat the symptoms of FGID.This review summarizes the correlation and the progress of prevention and treatment between food allergy and FGID.

Key words:
Food allergy; Abdominal pain-predominant functional gastrointestinal disorder; Mast cell; Visceral hyperalgesia


The practical application of ultrasound was initiated in France in 1916 with the study of underwater echo.1Mulwert and Voss2,3attempted to treat the hard of hearing with ultrasound from 1928 to 1933. Their apparatus produced waves of low intensity and afforded no convincing results. In 1948, Austrian investigators Wiethe, Wyt, and Vyslonzil4,5reported the treatment of various ear diseases with ultrasound. The results of treatment varied considerably; they were usually doubtful, and treatment failed in several cases. A comparison of these results is difficult. Naumann6concluded that the treatment of ear diseases with ultrasound was useless, as the total quantity of ultrasonic waves reaching the inner ear was insignificant. This was due to the fact that the air in the mastoid cells prevented the ultrasonic waves from reaching the inner ear. Only in patients with a sclerotic mastoid could a significant intensity of ultrasonic waves


: © 2014. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Observations and regional climate modeling (RCM) studies demonstrate that global climate models (GCMs) are unreliable for predicting changes in extreme precipitation. Yet RCM climate change simulations are subject to boundary conditions provided by GCMs and do not interact with large-scale dynamical feedbacks that may be critical to the overall regional response. Limitations of both global and regional modeling approaches contribute significant uncertainty to future rainfall projections. Progress requires a modeling framework capable of capturing the observed regional-scale variability of rainfall intensity without sacrificing planetary scales. Here the United States summer rainfall response to quadrupled CO 2 climate change is investigated using conventional (CAM) and superparameterized (SPCAM) versions of the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model. The superparameterization approach, in which cloud-resolving model arrays are embedded in GCM grid columns, improves rainfall statistics and convective variability in global simulations. A set of 5 year time-slice simulations, with prescribed sea surface temperature and sea ice boundary conditions harvested from preindustrial and abrupt four times CO 2 coupled Community Earth System Model (CESM/CAM) simulations, are compared for CAM and SPCAM. The two models produce very different changes in mean precipitation patterns, which develop from differences in large-scale circulation anomalies associated with the planetary-scale response to warming. CAM shows a small decrease in overall rainfall intensity, with an increased contribution from the weaker parameterized convection and a decrease from large-scale precipitation. SPCAM has the opposite response, a significant shift in rainfall occurrence toward higher precipitation rates including more intense propagating Central United States mesoscale convective systems in a four times CO 2 climate. Key Points Large-scale dynamics are critical to regional rainfall climate change responses Superparameterization captures expected increases in rain and storm intensity Extreme rain may be decoupled from key climate change drivers in standard GCMs Abstract Observations and regional climate modeling (RCM) studies demonstrate that global climate models (GCMs) are unreliable for predicting changes in extreme precipitation. Yet RCM climate change simulations are subject to boundary conditions provided by GCMs and do not interact with large-scale dynamical feedbacks that may be critical to the overall regional response. Limitations of both global and regional modeling approaches contribute significant uncertainty to future rainfall projections. Progress requires a modeling framework capable of capturing the observed regional-scale variability of rainfall intensity without sacrificing planetary scales. Here the United States summer rainfall response to quadrupled CO 2 climate change is investigated using conventional (CAM) and superparameterized (SPCAM) versions of the NCAR Community Atmosphere Model. The superparameterization approach, in which cloud-resolving model arrays are embedded in GCM grid columns, improves rainfall statistics and convective variability in global simulations. A set of 5 year time-slice simulations, with prescribed sea surface temperature and sea ice boundary conditions harvested from preindustrial and abrupt four times CO 2 coupled Community Earth System Model (CESM/CAM) simulations, are compared for CAM and SPCAM. The two models produce very different changes in mean precipitation patterns, which develop from differences in large-scale circulation anomalies associated with the planetary-scale response to warming. CAM shows a small decrease in overall rainfall intensity, with an increased contribution from the weaker parameterized convection and a decrease from large-scale precipitation. SPCAM has the opposite response, a significant shift in rainfall occurrence toward higher precipitation rates including more intense propagating Central United States mesoscale convective systems in a four times CO 2 climate. The projected response of rainfall variability and the intensity of extremes to climate change are regionally consistent for each model, despite discrepant predictions of regional mean changes. SPCAM simulations indicate a significant increase in convective storm activity with 4 3 CO 2 , projecting greater longwave cloud forcing, precipitation, and storm duration in association with a general increase in overall rainfall intensity throughout the Central-Eastern United States, in line with current theory. On the other hand, CAM does not simulate propagating convective storms and shows an opposite, unexpected effect—a small reduction in rainfall intensity. It is well known that conventionally parameterized GCMs do not simulate extreme precipitation; they rain too weakly and too often compared to observations. Here this is confirmed and it is further illustrated how changes in the extremes in these conventional models may be unrealistically controlled by the physics that affect large-scale (resolved scale) precipitation, rather than environmental parameters affecting subgrid-scale parameterized deep convection. PDF decomposition emphasizes that this factor contributes to the opposite response between the two models and provides some cautionary evidence that even the direction of the change in ''what is extreme precipitation for conventional GCMs'' may not be reli-able in some regions and during some seasons.


This paper describes the Microvision, a multipurpose robotic platform developed at the University of Minnesota's Center for Distributed Robotics. The Microvision is equipped with a scanning laser range finder, RGB cameras, depth sensor, IMU sensor, and audio stream capture ability that allow it to navigate and sense the surrounding environment. Created with the goal of being a small, low-cost robot, the Microvision provides the functionality to process multi-sensory data on-board in real-time. Robotic applications are readily developed using open source software and commercially available hardware making the Microvision a robust research platform.


The reduction of NO by CO was proposed to apply in regeneration gas to remove the NOx from industrial flue gas with activated carbon purification technology. To improve the activity...


PURPOSE: An electronic device and a payment method in the device are provided to enhance payment security. CONSTITUTION: A communication unit performs a communication function with a payment system according to a communication protocol. A control unit distributes payment information to a plurality of protocol layers defined by a specific communication protocol in order to transmit it to the payment system (S120). The control unit transmits a part of the payment information to the payment system by using a text message service provided by a first protocol layer and transmits the other part of the payment information to the payment information by using a packet data service provided by a second protocol layer. [Reference numerals] (AA) Start; (BB) End; (S100) Creat information about a payment; (S110) Divide the payment information into multiple payment information groups; (S120) Distribute the multiple payment information groups to multiple protocol layers defined by a certain communication protocol and transmit them to a payment system; (S130) Receive the results of a payment settlement process


Inherently iconicity is an interdisciplinary phenomenon, involving linguistic and textual aspects and linking them to visual and acoustic features. It is obvious that iconicity can be discovered in all circumstances in which language is created, ranging from language acquisition and processes of language change, to translation and the more literary uses of language. This paper presents a historical overview of the iconicity arbitrariness and dilemma from ancient times to modern day. The two opposite patterns appear. One holds that language and reality are quite independent, and do not resemble each other, in other words, language is arbitrarily structured. The other claims that language and reality must resemble each other to some extent, and language thus has the iconic nature. In essence, whether there is a natural connection between the form of a linguistic sign and what the sign depicts has been the focus of the dispute. In addition, through the sociolinguistic experiment we will try to prove the second principal of the iconic theory that the form resemblance does not exclude the acoustics system as such which makes onomatopoetic words sound differently in different languages.


OBJECTIVES
To develop a formalized, comprehensive, peer-driven teaching assessment program and a valid and reliable assessment tool.

METHODS
A volunteer taskforce was formed and a peer-assessment program was developed using a multistep, sequential approach and the Peer Observation and Evaluation Tool (POET). A pilot study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency and practicality of the process and to establish interrater reliability of the tool. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated.

RESULTS
ICCs for 8 separate lectures evaluated by 2-3 observers ranged from 0.66 to 0.97, indicating good interrater reliability of the tool.

CONCLUSION
Our peer assessment program for large classroom teaching, which includes a valid and reliable evaluation tool, is comprehensive, feasible, and can be adopted by other schools of pharmacy.


Abstract A one-step synthesis of 1,3-bis[2′ -hydroxy-5, - substituted-benzyl] imidazolidines (3a-d) using a mannich type reaction in basic media is described.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Therapeutic hypothermia is now the standard of care for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Treatment should be started early, and it is often necessary to transfer the infant to a regional NICU for ongoing care. There are no large studies reporting outcomes from infants cooled passively compared with active (servo-controlled) cooling during transfer. Our goal was to review data from a regional transport service, comparing both methods of cooling. METHODS: This was a retrospective observational study of 143 infants referred to a regional NICU for ongoing therapeutic hypothermia. Of the 134 infants transferred, the first 64 were cooled passively, and 70 were subsequently cooled after purchase of a servo-controlled mattress. Key outcome measures were time to arrival at the regional unit, temperature at referral and arrival at the regional unit, and temperature stability during transfer. RESULTS: The age cooling was started was significantly shorter in the actively cooled group (46 [0–352] minutes vs 120 [0–502] minutes; P ,.01). The median (range) stabilization time (153 [60–385] minutes vs 133 [45–505] minutes; P = .04) and age at arrival at the regional unit (504 [191–924] minutes vs 452 [225–1265]) minutes; P = .01) were significantly shorter in the actively cooled group. Only 39% of infants passively cooled were within the target temperature range at arrival to the regional unit compared with 100% actively cooled. CONCLUSIONS: Servo-controlled active cooling has been shown to improve temperature stability and is associated with a reduction in transfer time. Pediatrics 2013;132:841–846 AUTHORS: Rajiv Chaudhary, MBBS, MRCPCH,a Kate Farrer, MBChB, FRCPCH,a Susan Broster, BA, MBChB, MRCPCH,a Louise McRitchie,a and Topun Austin, BSc, MBBS, MRCPCH, PhDb aAcute Neonatal Transfer Service for the East of England and bNeonatal Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom


Introduction: the aim of this systematic review is to explore the published literature to analyze the relationship between polymorphism of interleukin 1-beta (IL-1 β ) and orthodontics. Methods: the search strategy developed for Medline, Scopus and Embase was used, verifying search records and selecting articles according to the guidelines set forth by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Two researchers evaluated studies in humans undergoing orthodontic treatment that evaluate IL-1 β polymorphism, movement speed and/or root resorption, including clinical trials, case-control studies, cross-sectional studies, and cohort studies, published up to April 2017. Results : of the 123 relevant articles identified, 9 studies published between 2001 and 2016 were included in the detailed analysis. Studies on tooth movement generally agree that there is an increase in IL-1 β levels in the first hours after starting the orthodontic treatment. Conclusion : an association of IL-1 β polymorphism with external root resorption and tooth movement speed was found.


Editor—The paper by Diggle and Deeks was fast tracked in the hope of avoiding the five year delay that often occurs between the emergence of new evidence and a change in practice.1

I think that in this case there has already been major delay. A Medline search quickly produces several papers on this subject. Ipp et al noted that more redness and swelling occurred in children injected in the thigh with a 16 mm needle than with a 25 mm needle.2

The nature of the evidence also needs to be considered. This study used a standardised injection technique, but other techniques are used in practice, and Groswasser et al reported that injection technique is the most important variable in ensuring efficient delivery of intramuscular vaccine.3 Consequently, the injection technique chosen determines the appropriate needle size.

The question of which needle length is preferable has been around for a long time, and the answer is relatively easy to obtain. We might still have to wait several years, however, for any change in practice.


The impact of bridge scheduling on the performance of two Bluetooth piconets with a MS-type bridge is analyzed. We consider bridge scheduling both with and without the precomputed schedule of rendezvous points, and derive the probability distribution for the bridge-master exchange time, as well as for the access delay and end-to-end delay for both intra and interpiconet traffic. We also discuss the stability limits under both bridge scheduling policies.


Aim: The aim of this prospective cross-sectional study was to investigate the morphological variation and sexual dimorphism of Palatal Rugae (PR) in Libyan Subjects. Materials and Methods: The sample comprised dental casts of 103 Libyan school children, aged 6-12 years; 51 males [mean age (SD): 7.3 (1.1) years], and 52 females [mean age (SD): 8 (1.7) years]. Each maxillary dental cast was explored for PR morphology (straight, wavy, curved, circular, unification and cross-link) and their prevalence was recorded. Paired Student t-test was used to assess the symmetry between the paired palatal rugae. Correlation between PR morphology and males and females was explored employing chi-square analysis. Results: There was no significant correlation between sex and prevalence of PR as revealed by chi square analysis (P>0.079). Paired student t-test revealed that there are no significant discrepancies between the shapes of the paired PR. Wavy (38.01) and curved (24.39) PR were the most prevalent shape, followed by cross-linked (14.96%) and then by diverging unification (14.96%) and straight (14.28) PR, while, circular and converging PR were not found in Libyan schoolchildren. Conclusion: Wavy and curved were the most observed PR shape in Libyan subjects. Furthermore, the present findings were in agreement with the reported similar studies on different populations that there is lack of sexual dimorphism in PR morphology.


In order to provide the theory basis to improve the surface quality,the main factors affecting the upper surface roughness of metal parts fabricated by selective laser melting(SLM)were studied.By studying the single track melting,the upper surface roughness of SLM parts was analyzed from the view of melting track lapping.The metal parts were fabricated by using the self-developed fabrication equipment Dimetal-280 and the measure roughness parameters were compared with the theoretical value.The theoretical value of arithmetical mean deviation of the profile Ra was 3.21μm and the theoretical value of ten-point height of irregulartlies Rz was 12.79μm.The actual value was Ra=7.36μm and Rz=40.01μm.After electrochemical polishing,the surface roughness was reduced to Ra=2.34μm and Rz=10.86μm.The results prove that upper surface roughness of the metal part was influenced by melting track width,scanning space and layer thickness altogether.The reason of the discrepancy between theoretical value and actual value was some defects such as instability in melting track,spheroidization on the surface and dust adhesiveness.The quality of surface roughness was greatly improved after electrochemical polishing.The metal parts processed by selective laser melting could obtain satisfied surface roughness in this experiment.The results provide guidance to surface research and industrial application in the future.


This paper analyses the supply and demand of styrene in the global and domestic markets by actual datum, changing in price of styrene with prices of crude oil, benzene and ethylene and styrene price's influence on polystyrene market. It refers to influences of sale styles and CEPA on our polystyrene industry. This paper also expounds the situation of supply and demand of polystyrene in China and the relations with price, and puts fonvard some proposals for the future of our polystyrene.


The free flow of international capital is the breeding ground of the macro hedge funds.Although the specific reasons that leads to the European currency crisis,Mexico's financial crisis,and the Asian financial crisis are largely different,the common characteristics is that people intentionally or unintentionally expand the imbalance of the macro-economic fundamentals,gain huge profit by forcing adjustment at the crisis moment of the financial market.There is nothing wrong with the behavior of the macro hedge funds,as they are profit organizations,the key to the hedge funds,however,is to avoid serious macroeconomic imbalances.


The latest UK annual tuberculosis (TB) report shows that the rates of TB have remained at a more consistent level in the UK over recent years; however, the incidence of TB in the UK remains high (13.9 per 100 000 population) in comparison to most other Western European Countries. The proportion of multi-drug-resistant (MDR-TB) cases is stable at 1.6% with two cases of extensively drugresistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) reported in 2012 [1]. However, worldwide, 10% of MDR-TB cases are XDR-TB [2]. XDR-TB is defined as resistance in vitro to isoniazid, rifampicin, any fluoroquinolone and at least one of three injectable second-line drugs (amikacin, kanamycin or capreomycin) used to treat TB. Treatment with at least five drugs to which the organism is susceptible is recommended [3, 4]. Treatment of XDR-TB is only successful in 40% [5]. The incidence of drug-resistant TB is higher in patients who have had previous TB treatment and in individuals born outside of the UK [1]. The treatment for TB continues to be a balance of benefit and risk to the patient and the wider population and is outlined in Table 1. Inadequate treatment leads to an increased risk of further resistance and increases morbidity and mortality. XDR-TB is best treated with six agents in the intensive phase (6–9 months) and then four agents during the continuation phase (21–25 months) [5]. Regimes for anti-TB therapies are guided by local microbiology advice, based on sensitivities and there is still considerable toxicity from current TB therapy, especially agents used to treat XDR-TB. We present a case of acute kidney injury (AKI) secondary to capreomycin toxicity in a young female receiving treatment for XDR-TB.


Objective To ohaerve the behavior of PD rat models treated with different dosages of levodopa and analyze the relation- ship between levodopa - induced dyskinesia (LID) and dosage of levedopa. Method The successful PD rat models were set up by 6-OHDA injection into right MFB. Two groups were divided according to the different treatment dosages of levodopa, which were given through perito- neal injection twice a day for 21days. One group was given for 10 mg/kg body weight, the other for 50 mg/ kg body weight. The score of AIM and rotational behavior were observed. Results Among altogether 28 female SD rats, 22 were chosen as the successful PD models and the successful rate arrived at 78. 57%. LID could be induced in both groups, but there were great differences in occurrence and duration time of AIM, AIM score, pharmacodynamic action time, and rotational behavior between these two groups( P<0.05). Conclusions The be- havior of LID has great relationship with the given dosage of levodopa.

Key words:
Levedopa;  Parkinson disease;  Movement disorders


Within the framework of a new enterprise direction towards the client, based upon the supply chain, the present paper purpose is to investigate the creation of logistics platform networks all around Europe, as well as research into the excellent combined use of harbours as goods stop and manipulation spots for different types of transport. Upon the previous antecedents and the current condition of the intermodal transport, this paper develops a set of representative indicators of the multimodal goods transport chains organization. Next, management will be analysed by means of a multivariable analysis technique, the cluster analysis, applied to built indicators and a set of strategies to develop the competitiveness in the intermodal chains of goods transport between Spain and Europe will be suggested.


From the standpoint of the nuclear many·body problem, a possible microscopic description of nuclear collective rotation in the band-crossing region is proposed, with the purpose to disclose dynamical interweaving between the particle motion and the collective rotation. According to the theory, a microscopic background of both the "particle·plus·rotor model" and the "rotating shell model" is given, and occurrence mechanism of the s-band is clarified.


The provision of occupational therapy (OT) interventions for people with neurodegenerative disorder (NDD) requires advanced clinical competency; therefore, a means to evaluate that competency is needed. The Clinical Competency Assessment Tool for Occupational Therapists Treating Patients with Neurodegenerative Disease (CAT) was recently developed as a self-report assessment that aims to identify gaps in clinical competence and measure outcomes of professional development programs specific to occupational therapists treating patients with NDD. The purpose of this study is to explore preliminary content validity of the CAT. Classical test theory was used to test for content validity. A panel of 10 expert occupational therapists, who met specific inclusion criteria, rated the 24 items on the CAT. The number of participants who rated each item as essential was used to quantify each item's content validity using the content validity ratio (CVR). A CVR of .62 was sought for each item on the CAT, based on the size of the panel of expert occupational therapists. At least half of the expert clinicians rated 16 of the 24 items on the CAT as essential, resulting in a 0 or positive CVR. Six items met the researchers' criteria of a .62 CVR. Three items on the CAT were rated as essential by all members of the expert panel. This study demonstrates some degree of content validity that supports the CAT in its initial form and provides direction for further development as a tool to inform and measure outcomes of OT educational programs focused on increasing the clinical competence of occupational therapists who treat patients with NDD. Comments The authors declare that they have no competing financial, professional, or personal interest that might have influenced the performance or presentation of the work described in this manuscript.


1Il:Jl\'TONV1LLE:, Al'k ., May 26 ( 1'1-01'. Andr~w J , BltH8, TeUred w llthy den [J . t ot Columbia, Mo., to' nlll'll\ wu on his way to the penl· [rnliary at Little Rock to begin tne life .entcnc(' Impolled on him fOl' the killing of William R. Pearman, Co· IUlnbla g'"1\ge mechanic and his co· con.plra lor In a f200.000 Insurance frau~ lliot. Abl'Ullt1y endIng hIs cllse before the 11'1 I bl'gan at a specllllterm of circuIt tourt hpre today, BaS8 on advice of hI eou n 1'1, entrred a plea Of guilty 10 the charge o( killing Pearman, who" body wIth three bullet wounds In Ihe hrad WItS (ound by the high· 1\'0 nPllr Gravette, Ark .. exactly Caul' month, ago, 'r~al'~ Cllm~ 10 the ~y~S or the 55· ),MI'-Dld denll.t lUI he heard Judge garl ll1ansett pronounce the sent· n'·C'. rrcommend d by Prosecuting ,\ltorIlfY John \0;. CombH by agrre· mrnl with drlrnar coun8el. He ac· Ilt It ami refu. <>d Lo mllke ,udale'


Background: We validated a new method of identifying patients with incident myasthenia in automated Danish registers for the purpose of conducting epidemiological studies of the disorder. Methods: For residents of a Danish county (population 484,862) in 1993–2008, we identified any hospital contacts coded for myasthenia in a nationwide patient register and any prescriptions for pyridostigmine in the county prescription register. Results from an acetylcholine receptor antibody register were linked to the data. We verified the diagnosis by a review of medical records. Results: Subjects identified in the Patient Register (n = 83) were comparable with individuals found in the Prescription Register (n = 89) with regard to age and gender, but were more often seropositive (83.1 vs. 74.2%). Seropositivity increased to 91.6% by restricting the data to individuals recorded in both Patient and Prescription Registers (n = 71). We found that for subjects identified in both Patient and Prescription Registers the positive predictive value of the register diagnosis was 92.9% (95% confidence interval, CI, 84.3–97.7), the false-positive rate was low (2.8%), and the sensitivity was acceptable (81.2%; 95% CI 71.2–88.8). Conclusions: Our data indicate that this novel approach of combining diagnosis register and prescription register information provides a feasible and valid method to trace incident myasthenia patients for population-based epidemiological studies.


New antimalarial drugs are required, partly because of the emergence of drug resistant strains of malaria parasites and partly because better compounds are needed to cure relapsing tertian malaria. In reviewing the diverse modes of action of currently used anti-malarials, against a background of the pathogenesis of malaria, attention is drawn to deficiencies in our knowledge. Even less do we understand how the malaria parasite becomes resistant to certain drugs, in particular chloroquine. New approaches to the problem include the application of combinations of existing antimalarials, and the search for new drugs on an unprecedentedly vast scale. Out of over a quarter million compounds that have recently been screened, a handful are now in clinical trial and are showing great promise for the treatment of multiple resistant falciparum malaria. The paper concludes by summarizing current recommendations for the prophylaxis and therapy of malaria due to drug resistant parasites.


The objectives of this study were (1) to analyze the role and interests of the KPH Lakitan Musi Rawas Regency in the development of honey business, (2) to analyze the financial feasibility of forest honey management in KPH Lakitan Musi Rawas Regency and to ( 3) to analyze strategies for developing forest honey in KPH Lakitan Musi Rawas District based on financial feasibility and the results of mapping the roles and interests of KPH Lakitan. The sample in this study consisted of 20 of which 3 of them were expert samples from internal KPH Lakitan and 17 of them were forest honey hunters. This paper concludes that based on mapping the roles and interests of KPH Lakitan are dominant in quadrant B, which means that the contribution of facilities and involvement of stakeholders as well as contribution of human resources and linkages between programs from the planning stage to the monitoring stage has been implemented properly. Meanwhile, the result of financial feasibility analysis of the forest honey management business is feasible to continue because, the NPV results were positive > 0, that means the investment will get net benefits. After that, from the result of the SWOT analysis of KPH Lakitan forest honey management, the strategy that can be formed is SO strategy formulation namely by utilizing government support in expanding the marketing network and developing honey bee cultivation technology.


Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is a widely distributed pest species of soft‐skinned fruits. Recent studies suggest the use of sterile insect technique (SIT) as a control method for this species; however, many factors can impact effectiveness of a SIT programme, including the environmental conditions. Environmental condition is critical at the time of the release and in the days afterwards, since it may impact sterile insects' survival and ability to mate. Thus, we verified the influence of temperature and relative humidity on mating and survival of fertile and sterile D. suzukii, when insects were food provided or deprived. Highest mating rates occurred when sterile or fertile flies provided with food were exposed to 25ºC or 81%–100% relative humidity, while temperatures of 10 and 35ºC and humidity below 60% impaired mating. Overall, mating rate among food‐deprived flies was low in all temperatures and humidity levels tested, but fertile insects were more prone to mate when compared to sterile flies. Survival was negatively influenced by high temperatures, low relative humidity and food deprivation. The information present in this study is useful to be considered for release of sterile D. suzukii.


The invention includes transformer, separate type heat pipe, and heat exchanger. Oil tank of the transformer and heat source box of the heat exchanger is interconnected. Transformer oil is as heat source of the heat exchanger. Heat sink box of the heat exchanger is as heat absorber of the separate type heat pipe, and heat absorption medium in the heat sink box is also as working fluid of heat pipe. Absorbing quantity of heat from transformer oil, heat absorption medium in heat sink generates steam. Through pipe, steam is transported to radiator, where condensed steam becomes liquid. Under action of gravity, through pipe, the condensed liquid returns back to the heat absorber so as to complete cyclic process: heat absorption and elimination, vaporization and condensation, steam transportation and returning liquid back. Advantages are: circular flow based on gravity without need of circulating pump so as to save energy and eliminate noise, no inference on insulation of transformer oil.


Recent research reveals that single neuron with flexible dendritic plasticity can perform computation and information processing. Several dendritic neuron models have been proposed and achieving great success in various applications. All previous models use error back-propagation (BP) training method to adjust weights and thresholds in the model. Due to the inherent local search properties of BP, their performance usually suffers from the local optima problem. In this paper, we propose a biogeography-based optimization method to train the dendritic neuron model. Experiment is conducted for crude oil price forecasting and the results suggest that the proposed method can perform very well in comparison with the traditional multiple-layered perceptron.


The Bragg reflection of neutrons by vibrating perfect crystals is considered. The additional possibilities offered by the Doppler effect for shaping neutron beams in the k space are discussed. A simple model for computing the vibrating crystal reflectivity is proposed.


The endangered white pines, whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) and limber pine (Pinus flexilis), are crucial for Alberta alpine ecosystems. A province-wide species distribution map for whitebark and limber pine does not exist and will be important for future management strategies. An initial attempt to model whitebark and limber pine using the pre-existing dataset found that an insufficient density of presence data for the province resulted in an oversimplified, overabundant estimation of whitebark and limber pine presence. To address this, our study conducted ground surveys and acquired high resolution aerial imagery throughout the foothills and mountain ranges of Alberta. This data was analyzed and filtered to produce a large, high-precision inventory of whitebark and limber pine locations in Alberta. Through field observations, aerial photo analysis and extensive literature review, whitebark and limber pine habitat was characterized as having a multivariate dependency on elevation, hillslope profile, hydrologic regime, natural disturbance regime, and the relative abundance of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), alpine larch (Larix lyallii), alpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa), and Engelmann spruce (Picea


One of the greatest issues of project-driven organizations is the delay in their completion. Delay which has a nature of deviation basis and sometimes look so normal. Delay which instead of playing the role of a caution to managers, acts as a repetitive action. In such a situation the managers prefer to use the control tools and management of projects so that they can take a step for betterment. From these kinds of graphs we can mention Bullet Graph, Bar Graph, Pie Graph and S-Curve. Among these tools, S-Curve can be mentioned as one the essential ones. In this article, first we are going to define this curve; analysing its different usages, we will start with evaluating the role of this curve in management of deviation in the project and identify the problems and issues related to the usage of this curve in the second place. Finally, we will consider solving this problem, develop the S-Curve and introduce a new curve with the title of OS-Curve and apply it in two different projects and present its conclusions.


In this paper, we compare two families of Lattice Boltzmann (LB) models derived by means of Gauss quadratures in the momentum space. The first one is the HLB(N;Qx,Qy,Qz) family, derived by using the Cartesian coordinate system and the Gauss–Hermite quadrature. The second one is the SLB(N;K,L,M) family, derived by using the spherical coordinate system and the Gauss–Laguerre, as well as the Gauss–Legendre quadratures. These models order themselves according to the maximum order N of the moments of the equilibrium distribution function that are exactly recovered. Microfluidics effects (slip velocity, temperature jump, as well as the longitudinal heat flux that is not driven by a temperature gradient) are accurately captured during the simulation of Couette flow for Knudsen number (kn) up to 0.25.


When using the method based on the first generation wavelet transform of sub-band RMS for power measurement,the algorithm speed is low and unsuitable for the hardware realization.As results,the algorithm is not used popularly in practical application.Considering the problems above,at first the lifting process is deeply studied and the coefficients of Db4 lifting wavelet are deduced,secondly a novel sub-band RMS and power measurement method is proposed,which is based on the second generation wavelet.According to the computer simulation experiment using Db lifting wavelets,the algorithm accuracy is better than 10~(-3),and the speed is twice faster than the algorithm based on the first generation wavelet transform.


Background: Recently, immune check-point inhibitors have shown efficacy in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Since Hedgehog (Hh) signalling mediates crosstalk between breast cancer cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells, we investigated the mechanisms by which Hh can modulate PDL1 expression and the tumor-immune microenvironment. Methods: TNBC tumors from untreated patients were subjects to PDL1 and Gli1 expression analysis by IHC. The correlation of Hh pathway activation and PDL1 expression was assessed in TNBC cells treated with the SMO-inhibitor NVP-LDE225. The main aim was to study the PDL1/Gli1 cross-talk. Results: The expression of PDL1 and Gli1, the major indicator for the canonical Hh signaling activation, were assessed by IHC in a tissue microarray (TMA) of TNBC samples from 237 untreated patients. In 203/237 cases we could analyze both PDL1 and Gli1 protein expression. A significant correlation between PDL1 and Gli1 expression was found. Indeed, of 77/203 (38%) PDL1 positive tumors 42/77 (54%) expressed Gli1. In order to explore correlations between other Hh pathway members and PDL1 in TNBCs, we interrogated the open-access database TCGA; PDL1 positive TNBCs showed high levels of SMO and PTCH1, Hh pathway receptors (Q-value 0.018 and 0.010). To better understand the link between Hh pathway and PDL1, we selected a panel of TNBC cell lines; the pharmacological Hh pathway inhibition led to a reduction of PDL1 protein and mRNA. On the other hand, engineered cells harbouring Gli1 overexpression showed higher levels of PDL1. Therefore, we hypothesized that Hh pathway could be involved in the PDL1 transcriptional modulation. To address this issue, we performed a luciferase reporter assay and a ChIP analysis following by PCR amplification of the PDL1 gene promoter. We found that Gli1 binds the PDL1 promoter, indicating that Gli1 transcriptionally enhances PDL1 expression. Gli1 expression was evaluated also in 4T1 cells, a TNBC murine model; furthermore, in 4T1 cells PDL1 protein expression was inhibited by NVP-LDE225. In vivo experiment will be performed in Balb/C mice orthotopically xenografted with 4T1 cells to confirm the role of Hh pathway to modulate the PDL1 expression and the tumor microenviroment in vivo. Conclusions: Our results suggest that Hh pathway has a crucial role in cancer immune evasion trough PDL-1 modulation. Due to their ability to target both tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment, Hh inhibitors could represent promising therapeutics to be clinically investigated in Gli1 overexpressing TNBC patients. Citation Format: Pietro De Placido, Concetta Di Mauro, Daniela Esposito, Ada Pesapane, Stefania Belli, Fabiana Napolitano, Antonio Santaniello, Priscilla Cascetta, Annachiara Carratu, Eleonora Mozzillo, Roberta Marciano, Alberto Servetto, Roberto Bianco, Luigi Formisano. Hedgehog pathway is involved in cancer immune surveillance through PDL1 modulation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2019 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2019 Dec 10-14; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-04-17.


The integrated circuit of the present invention uses a MOS transistor having a large channel width to provide a static discharge capability to its input pads. Pattern by a plurality of MOS transistor cells are arranged in a side in a single well region is taken as a wide channel width it is highly integrated ladder network structure. A drain region of MOS transistor cells are connected to the I / O pads to be protected a source region of the MOS transistor cells are connected to the reference signal line. The gate electrode of the MOS transistor cells are interconnected and are indirectly connected to the reference signal line through the well region. Specifically, the gate electrodes are connected to the well region and therefore one or more of the drain region and the well station inter-region of the PN junction break-in will be increased to the gate voltage of the MOS transistor in the cell down the starting point. The increase in the gate voltage of the break-down voltage thereby reducing the brake of the other non-conductive the drain region to start down. This electrostatic discharge current is distributed evenly to all MOS transistor cells.


This paper discusses the problem of specification of the requirements for a project from the point of view of requirements as a representation of the hypothetical or target product. The relationship between the description and nature of things presented by epistemology is considered. Project requirements introduce the further problem of knowing the essence of things through the representation provided by a description, and that before construction the proposed product is hypothetical. This is presented and discussed.


UNLABELLED
•

PREMISE OF THE STUDY
Fahrenholz's rule states that common ancestors of extant parasites were parasites of the common ancestors of extant hosts. Consequently, parasite phylogeny should mirror host phylogeny. The smut fungi genus Anthracoidea (Anthracoideaceae) is mainly hosted by species of the genus Carex (Cyperaceae). Whether smut fungi phylogeny mirrors sedge phylogeny is still under debate.•

METHODS
The nuclear large subunit DNA region (LSU; 57 accessions) from 31 Anthracoidea species and the ITS, ETS, and trnL-F spacer-trnL intron complex from 41 Carex species were used to infer the phylogenetic history of parasites and their hosts using a maximum likelihood approach. Event-based and distance-based cophylogenetic methods were used to test the hypothesis of whether the phylogeny of smut fungi from the genus Anthracoidea matches the phylogeny of the sedge Carex species they host.•

RESULTS
Cophylogenetic reconstructions taking into account phylogenetic uncertainties based on event-based analyses demonstrated that the Anthracoidea phylogeny has significant topological congruence with the phylogeny of their Carex hosts. A distance-based test was also significant; therefore, the phylogenies of Anthracoide and Carex are partially congruent.•

CONCLUSIONS
The phylogenetic congruence of Anthracoidea and Carex is partially based on smut fungi species being preferentially hosted by closely related sedges (host conservatism). In addition, many different events rather than only codivergence events are inferred. All of this evidence suggests that host-shift speciation rather than cospeciation seems to explain the cophylogenetic patterns of Anthracoidea and Carex.


Health and Safety is the main concern for car companies in the modern world as they ensure to keep the passengers comfortable and safe while driving or during a collision by maintaining standards and requirements. A study conducted in 2012 reveals that fatal road traffic occurs every 50 seconds on average and there are 1.35 million deaths caused every year due to road accidents according to the WHO. The inability of drivers to control a vehicle at its friction limits is the main cause of accidents. As a result, this study aims to maintain a safe distance between two vehicles contributing to traffic safety, traffic capacity, and efficiency. The main objective of this research is to design, implement and evaluate Machine Learning based Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) for collision avoidance of autonomous vehicles. The research aims to develop a scalable solution for Adaptive Cruise Control using Deep Reinforcement Learning in Traffic simulation. With the recent development of Autonomous vehicles, extensive research are made in Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) technology. Autonomous Vehicles (AV) is an interesting topic that plays a lead role in future transportation and has potential benefits to society by reducing traffic congestion and reducing the number of fatalities. With Reinforcement Learning techniques traffic optimizations are done by learning optimal policy in order to solve decision-making problems without any human interactions. Deep Reinforcement learning has been used to optimize vehicle speed control and avoid collisions. Therefore, this thesis is focused on using the Deep Reinforcement Learning method with Double Deep Q Learning (DDQN) by training two agents with different scenarios. The CARLA traffic simulator is used for these simulations where key metrics such as environment, number of agents, number of collisions, etc are initialized and detected. Throughout the simulation, three sets of actions are analyzed and tested. Double Deep Q Learning (DDQN) Method is implemented to


The HVDC busbar corona characteristic is the main factor taken into account for choosing busbar of HVDC converter substation. By establishing the calculation models of electric field strength along the busbar surface, ground total electric field strength, radio interference and audible noise, the paper computes and analyses the corona starting gradient, corona starting voltage, total electric field strength, radio interference an audible noise level of tubular busbar in ±800 kV HVDC converter substation. The control indexes of tubular busbar corona characteristic parameters for ±800 kV HVDC converter substation are confirmed in combination with calculation results and related standards. Based on the control indexes, the paper assesses the corona characteristic parameters with different busbar types and collocations, and the tubular busbar type and collocation for ±800 kV Yun-Guang HVDC converter substation are obtained. The tubular busbar with diameter of 300 mm is chosen for sending terminal, and that with diameter of 250 mm is for receiving terminal, under the height above 12 m.


An 18-year-old woman was referred to the local hospital by her primary care physician because of severe nausea accompanied by bifrontal headaches and photophobia. Three days prior to admission, she had undergone microendoscopic discectomy (MED) at the level L 5 /S 1 for subligamentous left paramedian disc hernia. The procedure was performed under spinal anesthesia with no intraoperative complications. Postoperative the patient health the 2nd postoperative day.


We developed a novel metabolic imaging approach that provides direct measures of the rate of mitochondrial energy conversion with single‐cell and subcellular resolution by evaluating NADH autofluorescence kinetics during the mitochondrial redox after cyanide experiment (mitoRACE). Measures of mitochondrial NADH flux by mitoRACE are sensitive to physiological and pharmacological perturbations in vivo. Metabolic imaging with mitoRACE provides a highly adaptable platform for evaluating mitochondrial function in vivo and in single cells with potential for broad applications in the study of energy metabolism.


The aim of the work was to compare the microwave-assisted extraction of coriander, black cumin and milk thistle seeds with the conventional process of extraction. Before the extraction material was crumbled, sieved and defatted. Obtained extracts were analyzed by means of the content of the antioxidants using ABTS, DPPH, Folin - Ciocalteu methods as well as the content of silibinin by HPLC (in case of milk thistle). By using these methods the content of reducing compounds, ability to scavenge free radicals and antioxidant capacity was evaluated in each case. It was shown that for the black cumin and milk thistle more effective was microwave extraction, but for the coriander conventional seems to be better. Extracts of black cumin and milk thistle obtained by microwave extraction have higher concentration of antioxidant compounds as compared to extracts from coriander. In case of coriander most effective a conventional extraction have been designated as more effective one.


Abstract : Contents: Biographies, Rocket plane flights, Jet propulsion study groups, Space carrier rockets, Gliding, Aviation and cosmonautics, Ramjet engines, Rocket technology, Conquest of the stratosphere, and Hydroaviation.


Picrorhiza Kurroa (Kutki) is the crop grown in India which we are analyzing here in Himalayan region. Farmers face a great loss of production as well as economic loss due to the disease in plants or may be pest attacks on immense level. So, they use pesticides and fertilizers for better crop growth but these chemicals harm the crops in excess quantity. And also inhaling of these chemicals leads to liver disorder, asthma, cancer etc. The use of pesticides can be reduced with the help of forecasting of diseases and pest infection in limited time framework. So in this paper we are presenting the development of system using beta regression model for early warning plant protection and pest control. This system also has a mechanism to alert farmers via email/Short Message Service (SMS) technology regarding the plant disease of Picrorhiza Kurroa (kutki) plant.


Students play an integral part in deciding the future of a nation. Their academic learning trains them to visualise problems differently and come up with effective solutions. This paper deals with the analysis of problems that hinder this particular 'intellectual trait' in children to learn which in turn leads them to perform very poorly in academics. Fuzzy clustering is employed for this analysis. A total of twenty attributes have been chosen for this study and distributed along a 10-point rating scale based upon the level of distraction that causes students in the city of Chennai to perform poorly in their academics. The average rating scale is used to cluster the attributes with Fuzzy c- means clustering which in-turn classifies these attributes into - low, medium, and high levels of distraction. A proactive approach can then be taken to ensure that students perform well in their fields of study. The advantage of fuzzy clustering is that attributes can be a part of more than on cluster to a varying degree, thus giving a better result with respect to the student problem attributes.


A number of South African photovoltaic- based rural electrification projects have experienced problems, which in retrospect can be ascribed to a failure by decision makers to acknowledge the inherent design- stage project uncertainties. PV array energy output estimation is a typical uncertainty. This paper reports on the results of a modeling and simulation process that explored the impact of various factors on the accuracy of PV energy estimation software like HOMER and RETScreen. The process explores the impact of 1) weather data measurement interval, 2) synth esized instead of measured diffuse irradiation, 3) tilted surface diffuse irradiation models, and 4) PV array electrical performance models. A MATLAB -based software package, SunSim, was developed for this research. SunSim is capable of mirroring the methodologies used by HOMER and RETScreen, while also offering a 'best-case' methodology as a baseline for comparison. This 'best case' methodology uses 5-minute weather data as input, the Perez tilted surface diffuse model (recommended for South African conditions), and Sandia's King PV array performance model. Conclusions are reached that make explicit the impact of certain uncertainties on PV energy estimations. By informing decision makers of these impacts, the probability of success of rural electrification projects in South Africa is increased.


The method of the two-time Green's function is applied to the Heisenberg ferromagnet. The equations of motion for the lowest order and the next higher order Green's functions are solved in an approximation which leads to the first nonvanishing contribution of the spin-wave interaction to the spontaneous magnetization at low temperatures. It is shown that this contribution is of order ${T}^{4}$ and is the same as Dyson's result.


Data quality is an important factor affecting the accuracy of transformer fault diagnosis. In order to reduce the impact of missing data, an on-line fault diagnosis method using a loop iterations of improved k-Nearest Neighbour (kNN) and multi-class SVMs based on the missing data repair is proposed in this paper. In the kNN method, the improved Manhattan distance weighted by the negative exponent of the correlation coefficient is designed to measure the distance between samples. On one hand, the influence of the strong correlation indicators on the missing data can be highlighted to improve the accuracy of data repair. On the other hand, the improved Manhattan distance is suitable for an efficient search strategy based on the k-d tree which can achieve the fast search for massive historical data and meet the real-time demand of on-line diagnosis. Diagnosis test results show that the proposed method can keep the high diagnostic accuracy on the incomplete data and realize the efficient on-line fault diagnosis for transformers.


The propose of this work was to implement a management environment for ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) networks integrated with the Web technology. To reach this goal, a MIB {Management Information Base) study was elaborated. The analysed variables are related with traffic and virtual connections in ATM. These variables was correlated with conceptual questions about traffic, virtual connections and resource monitoring in ATM networks. By means of this study a management environment was developed. This tool can be handled both by network managers and users. The managers may intend to control and monitoring the utilization of network resources. The final users can verify the amount of shared resources that are being utilized at any time. These facilities only may be possible with the Java code implementation. In this way, any point at Internet with a Browser may access the management environment. The implemented environment have control over many network traffic and resources parameters, like physical interface traffic, virtual link traffic, alocated bandwidth at any interface and ATM addresses of devices conected through a virtual channel.


.In this study, we present fixed-point results for various contractions in E - Metric Space along with severalcorollaries. Finding a fixed point result in E - Metric Space can also be done via implicit relations. In theinvestigation of our primary result stands, all the theorems will be in non-solid cone and we cannot assumeinterior point is non-empty.


Inflatable spherical antenna is a sort of antenna system for the emergency telecommunication application.Based on the functional requirements such as portability and multiple packaging and deployment,the reflector material should be uneasy to get plastic wrinkle and the material properties have effect on the surface accuracy of the reflector.Then a silver-plated nylon cloth membrane was utilized as reflector material.The uniaxial and biaxial tensile tests and the tests for bond strength of seam were conducted.A numerical methodology for the profile analysis was developed.The orthotropic property of the material was considered to deal with the solving of initial profile by the corresponding programs.Results illustrate that the material properties fit the application requirement and the analysis methods are right.


Yi" is a very important category in Chinese traditional aesthetics. Originally it referred to one type of attitudes and spirits of subjects. Later on it became an aesthetical category. As "Yi" being used for labeling subjects, it referred to one who is a hermit, or one with retired spirit. After "Yi" became a category of aesthetics, it was used to comment on Chinese traditional arts. The theory about "Yi" was built up with the development of Chinese traditional arts.


To reduce the on-resistance of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs, the gate length (LG) and gate-source (LSG) length were reduced to submicron order. The reduction of LG and LSG effectively decreased the drain-source spacing (LSD), which led to the reduction of the on-resistance without degrading the breakdown voltage. Moreover, the reduction of LG and LSG enhanced the drain current and transconductance. The specific on-resistance of 0.1 mΩ-cm2 was achieved at a LG of 0.10 μm and a LSG of 0.5 μm. The breakdown voltage of 56 V was obtained at a specific on-resistance of 0.12 mΩ-cm2. This high breakdown voltage was achieved by extending the drain-gate spacing due to the short LG and LSG. These characteristics of the fabricated device are equivalent to the trade-off characteristics of the numerical calculation. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


As anticoagulant therapy has become more widespread and a greater knowledge has been accumulated regarding the mode of action of coumarin derivatives, problems arising from the use of different thromboplastin preparations have been subjected to greater scrutiny. This paper presents an evaluation of the dependability and significance of different types of tissue thromboplastin in the determination of effects of coumarin derivatives. The main difference between thromboplastin extracts seems to be that brain preparations have a factor VII-like activity. As the exact evaluation of factor VII activity appears to be of primary importance in patients treated with coumarin derivatives, a thromboplastin preparation that does not contain factor VII activity is recommended.


Combined xerographic measurements and a delayed‐collection field technique have been applied to a‐Si:H. to determine whether geminate recombination controls the photogeneration process in a‐Si:H. The delayed‐collection field method allows the photogeneration efficiency at low applied fields to be measured. The results show that, depending on sample preparation, the zero‐field quantum efficiency ranges from 0.44 to 0.55. The measured field dependence of the quantum efficiency give best fits to the Onsager theory with r0  ∼45 to 80 A for Φ0=1.


This study aims to determine the effect of transformational leadership style and training on motivation and its implications on the performance of both partially and simultaneously. Data collected through survey method and instrument questioner analysis to be distributed to the units of Mercu Buana University academic staff of 126 educators. Research analysis method is descriptive method and quantitative verification tool path analysis (path analysis) was then forwarded to the analysis of determination (R2), partial hypothesis test (t test) and test hypotheses simultaneously (F test). Prior to the analysis process has been tested intrument with validity and reliability. Results of this study were: 1) the transformational leadership style has no effect on work motivation of educators in Mercu Buana University; 2) Training effect on work motivation of educators in Mercu Buana University; 3) transformational leadership style and training of education personnel motivation to work directly and indirectly in Mercu Buana University; 4) transformational leadership style of the performance of educators at Mercu Buana University; 5) Training of educational personnel in the performance of Mercu Buana University; 6) transformational leadership style and training of education personnel performance both directly and indirectly in Mercu Buana University; 7) To analyze the effect of motivation on the performance of work at the University of Mercu Buana.


Abstract : This report documents the development of and provides basic user instructions for a program to perform life cycle cost analysis of new military facilities. The program is easy for personnel who have not had much experience with computers to use. It allows the user to select parameters that best describe his/her design project from a menu of choices. Responses to computer queries can often be answered in one word. The program output can either be displayed on the terminal or printed out as hard copy. The output contains much of the information needed for an economic review of a design. The program is written in FORTRAN 77 and will be made available on the Corps of Engineers' timesharing vendor, on District/Division Harris computers, and on Intel 8086 compatible microcomputers. The source code will be made available for conversions to other hardware, as well.