This report describes the status of the Tri-Service Thermal Nuclear Flash Test Facility. It describes the improvements in facility capabilities that were incorporated during the the past 12 months to enhance thermal flash simulation. The report also summarizes all tests for the continuation of a comprehensive data base.


A numerical simulation of the heat transfer and temperature distribution through the layers of a photovoltaic (PV) solar panel is performed in this study to explore its electrical performance and efficiency while being subjected to forced convection due to the surrounding wind. A commercial PV panel was taken as a basis to model this work. A mechanical meshing system and the finite volume method computational fluid dynamics (CFD) system were used to simulate the air flow on top and below the panel. By varying wind velocity, tilt angle and ambient temperature, different working conditions are considered. The surface convection coefficients resulting from the CFD calculations were introduced into the transient thermal analysis system which provided the heat transfer results within the solar panel. Under the conditions simulated, the thermal benefit of forced convection, as compared to natural convection, is found to be of significance depending on the air flow properties and above certain wind speed values. The wind vector direction (or conversely the solar panel's orientation) is found to be of importance as separated flow situations may rise and negate the effect of forced convection in panel's leeward regions due to the air speed dropping to 0 and recirculation. Further investigation is in order, to determine the possibilities of harnessing the effects of wind vector orientation.


In this review the structural and physical–chemical properties of nanoscaled metal oxide films (SnO2 and In2O3), aimed for solid state chemical sensors were analyzed. It has been shown that structural factor even for nanoscaled materials is complicated conception. One has to consider not only size, but also such a parameters as crystallite shape; nanoscopic structure; crystallographic orientation of nanocrystallites planes, forming gas sensing surface; film agglomeration; phase composition; surface architecture. The methods suitable for control of these structural and physical–chemical parameters have been discussed. Results, mainly obtained during study of both SnO2 and In2O3 thin films deposited by spray pyrolysis have been used for showing an opportunity of structural engineering of metal oxides for optimization of gas sensing characteristics.


Hmong Veterans' Service Recognition Act Authorizes burial in any open national cemetery under the control of the National Cemetery Administration of the remains of any individual: (1) who was naturalized pursuant to the Hmong Veterans' Naturalization Act of 2000 and who resided in the United States at the time of death; or (2) who the Secretary of Veterans Affairs determines served with a special guerrilla unit or irregular forces operating from a base in Laos in support of the U.S. Armed Forces between February 28, 1961, and May 7, 1975, and who, at the time of death, resided in the United States and was a U.S. citizen or an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence.


Self-continuity is the subjective sense of connection between one's past and present selves (past-present self-continuity), between one's present and future selves (present-future self-continuity), or among one's past, present, and future selves (global self-continuity). We consider the motivational character of the three forms of self-continuity, their regulatory properties, and the internal or external factors that consolidate them. We also review their consequences for attitudes and judgments or decisions, motivation, intentions and behavior, and psychological and physical health. We further the detail psychological and behavioral benefits of self-discontinuity (i.e., a sense of disconnect among temporal selves). We next turn to the brain regions that are activated synchronously with self-continuity. We consider developmental perspectives on self-continuity, discuss collective self-continuity (along with its consequences and regulatory properties), and elaborate on cultural differences in self-continuity. This inaugural Annual Reviews chapter demonstrates the breadth, excitement, and sense of synergy among self-continuity researchers and points to promising research directions. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Psychology, Volume 74 is January 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.


Professor Karl-Heinz Mehlan, one of the founding fathers of German family planning in the post WWII area, celebrated his 75th birthday of July 18, 1991. The celebration took place in Rostock and Dr. Mehlan was in the best of health. As part of the occasion, Dr. Hans-Georg Neumann conducted an interview with Dr. Mehlan about the beginnings of family planning in what was then the Soviet occupied zone of Germany as well as its further development up to the present day. In the course of the interview Dr. Mehlan discussed the history of abortion in East Germany during the period of recovery immediately after WWII. He related his experiences working as a general practitioner in Calau and the committees he served on that were related to the study and delivery of abortion. During this time there were 80,000 recorded cases. After this he went to Berlin to the Institut fur Sozialmedizin der Chartie to write about the Calau experience. This was the 1st time that the abortion problem was discussed in German in a scientific context. He studied mortality, morbidity, and after effects.


The regularity of P uptake,accumulation and distribution with winter potato were studied by NPK allocation as base fertilizer and top dressing.The results showed that compared with the concentration of potassium and nitrogen,the concentration of phosphorus within the leaf,stem and tuber of potato was low.Phosphorus concentration in leaves kept decreasing,that in the stems reached a peak 15 days after full seedlin emergence and then gradually decreased,while that in tuber exhibited a single peak 55 days after full seedlin emergence and then gradually decreased.Phosphorus absorbed for 1 000 kg tuber in 2009~2010 was 0.62 kg while that in 2010~2011 was 1.02 kg.The distribution rate of phosphorus in the leaves was the highest during the early growth stage(5 days after full seedlin emergence) and then fallen gradually till 5% kep;The distribution rate of phosphorus in the stem kept a high level 5~25 days after full seedlin emergence and then decreased gradually.The distribution rate of phosphorus in the tuber rose quickly with the growth process.It illustrated that a large number of phosphorus transfered to the tuber after the formation of tubers and the tuber is the ultimate storage organ of phosphorus.


Under the worst-case attack assumption, profiling side-channel analysis is recognized as one of the most potent attack methods for cryptographic implementations. The success of such attacks relies on the effectiveness of the profiling model in retrieving the leakage information. Previous research indicates that a proper selection of the input features could significantly increase the attack performance. However, due to the countermeasures and technology nodes' advances, such features become more difficult to extract with the conventional approaches. In extreme cases, manual inspection has to be performed, where extensive device knowledge is needed. To this day, an optimal feature selection method has not yet been found. This thesis proposes an automatic framework based on Proximal Policy Optimization to find, select and scale down features. The input features are first grouped in small regions. The best candidates selected by the framework are further scaled down with an online-optimized Dimensionality Reduction Neural Network. Finally, the framework rewards the performance of these features with the results of a Template Attack. Based on the experimental results, the proposed framework is able to extract features that lead to near state-of-the-art performance on several commonly used datasets.


Ab initio quantum mechanical methods, including the self-consistent field (SCF), single and double excitation configuration interaction (CISD), the single and double excitation coupled cluster (CCSD), and the single, double, and perturbative triple excitation coupled cluster [CCSD(T)] have been applied to study the ground-state cyanovinylidene-cyanoacetyleneisomerization reaction. The classical barrier for the isomerization from cyanovinylidene to cyanoacetylene is found to be 4.3 kcal/mol and is 2.2 kcal/mol when the zero-point vibrational energy corrections are included. Cyanovinylidene is predicted to lie 47 kcal/mol higher in energy than cyanoacetylene. Some comparisons of cyanovinylidene with vinylidene and fluorovinylidene are presented and suggest that cyanovinylidene is a genuine minimum on the potential energy hypersurface. Thus, the probability of observing cyanovinylidene spectroscopically is substantial, particularly via negative ion photodetachment spectroscopy. Two low-lying triplet states [tilde a][sup 3]A[prime] and [tilde b][sup 3]A[double prime] of cyanovinylidene have also been studied. 27 refs., 1 fig., 9 tabs.


The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of numerical quadrature on the finite element approximations to the solutions of hyperbolic intego-differential equations. Both semidiscrete and fully discrete schemes are analyzed and optimal estimates are derived in L ∞(H 1)L ∞(L 2) norms and quasi-optimal estimate in L ∞(L ∞) norm using energy arguments. Further, optimal L(L 2)-estimates are shown to hold with minimal smoothness assumptions on the initial functions. The analysis in the present paper not only improves upon the earlier results of Baker and Dougalis [SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 13 (1976), pp. 577-598] but also confirms the minimum smoothness assumptions of Rauch [SIAM J. Numer. Anal. 22 (1985), pp. 245-249] for purely second order hyperbolic equation with quadrature.


Advanced airbreathing propulsion systems used in Mach 4-6 mission scenarios, usually involve turbo-ramjet configurations. As the engines transition from turbojet to ramjet, there is an operational envelope where both engines operate simultaneously. In the first phase of our study, an over/under nozzle configuration was analyzed. The two plumes from the turbojet and ramjet interact at the end of a common 2-D cowl, where they both reach an approximate Mach 3.0 condition and then jointly expand to Mach 3.6 at the common nozzle exit plane. For the problem analyzed, the turbojet engine operates at a higher nozzle pressure ratio than the ramjet, causes the turbojet plume overpowers the ramjet plume, deflecting it approximately 12 degrees downward and in turn the turbojet plume is deflected 6 degrees upward. In the process, shocks were formed at the deflections and a shear layer formed at the confluence of the two jets. This particular case was experimentally tested and the data were used to compare with a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) study using the PARC2D code. The CFD results were in good agreement with both static pressure distributions on the cowl separator and on nozzle walls. The thrust coefficients were also in reasonable agreement. In addition, inviscid relationships were developed around the confluence point, where the two exhaust jets meet, and these results compared favorably with the CFD results. In the second phase of our study, a 3-D CFD solution was generated to compare with the 2-D solution. The major difference between the 2-D and 3-D solutions was the interaction of the shock waves, generated by the plume interactions, on the sidewall. When a shock wave interacts with a sidewall and sidewall boundary layer, it is called a glancing shock sidewall interaction. These interactions entrain boundary layer flow down the shockline into a vortical flow pattern. The 3-D plots show the streamlines being entrained down the shockline. The pressure of the flow also decreases slightly as the sidewall is approached. Other difference between the 2-D and 3-D solutions were a lowering of the nozzle thrust coefficient value from 0.9850 (2-D) to 0.9807 (3-D), where the experimental value was 0.9790. In the third phase of our study, a different turbo-ramjet configuration was analyzed. The confluence of a supersonic turbojet and a subsonic ramjet in the turbine based combined-cycle (TBCC) propulsion system was studied by a 2-D CFD code. In the analysis, Mach 1.4 primary turbojet was mixed with the subsonic ramjet secondary flow in an ejector mode operation. Reasonable agreements were obtained with the supplied I-D TBCC solutions. For low downstream backpressure, the Fabri choke condition (Break-Point condition) was observed in the secondary flow within mixing zone. For sufficient high downstream backpressure, the Fabri choke no longer exist, the ramjet flow was reduced and the ejector flow became backpressure dependent. Highly non-uniform flow at ejector exit were observed, indicated that for smooth downstream combustion, the mixing of the two streams probably required some physical devices.


Anthony Sampson, an Englishman, is a highly respected journalist, and though this book is not, strictly speaking, scholarly history, it is as informed an account of the politics of international finance in the past two decades as we are likely to get for a while. His major purpose is to describe how banks have grown into the huge global organizations of the 1980s, how this growth has brought about new, yet undefined, relationships between international money lenders and nations, and how these new realities have made an impact on international politics and diplomacy. Sampson does refer occasionally to the written record: Congressional committee testimony and reports, speeches at bankers' meetings, and major secondary works on the subject. But by and large his ideas and narrative appear to have leaned heavily on interviews with numerous financiers, economists, and government officials. Some of his twenty-two chapters present a perceptive journalistic view of major financial conferences (such as annual meetings of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund); some deal with influential international personalities (Henry Kissinger, Willy Brandt, Walter Wriston of Citibank, David Rockefeller and John J. McCloy of Chase Manhattan, Eugene Black and Robert McNamara of the World Bank, Thomas Clausen of the Bank of America, and some leading German, British, and French bankers); and some are case studies of countries (South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore) that have been successful in "plugging into" the world grid of industrial powerhouses — the United States, western Europe, and Japan. Sampson attempts to make historical comparisons, when possible. Thus, in a background chapter leading up to a discussion of why present-day industrial money lenders persist in making risky, even dangerous, loans, he focuses momentarily on the fifteenth-century Medicis of Florence (with branches throughout western Europe) who could not bring themselves to refuse deposits and so yielded to the temptation of seeking questionable outlets for their surplus cash. He makes this point again in dealing with some American bankers' loans to Europe and Latin America in the 1920s, and by the time Sampson analyzes recent western loans to Zaire, Indonesia, Iran, and Poland, the pattern has become both comprehensible and reprehensible. Along the way, there are very good, often witty, summaries of the current financial status of a number of other countries, including Brazil, Turkey, the Cayman Islands, India, Chile, and some OPEC member states. In 1979 Sampson served as editorial adviser to the Brandt Commission on North-South relations, and the book is understandably sprinkled with facts and opinions about the effects of recent pronouncements on transfering resources from the industrialized nations to the less developed countries of the Third World. In sum, specialists in international finance may find little new here, but intelligent laymen will derive a rich portrait of the world economy from Sampson's broad canvas.


Over the past 30 years, mathematical models of the spread of epidemics and the dynamics of societal cooperation have gradually incorporated more and more information about social network structures. This information is important not just to improve the accuracy of models, but also to improve their qualitative behavior and provide an ever deeper understanding of the spread of diseases and the ways in which individuals interact. Some important questions probably cannot be answered without the use of stochastic simulations that account for the social networks of individual agents.


Zn dendrites growth and poor cycling stability are significant challenges for rechargeable aqueous Zn batteries. Zn metal deposition‐dissolution in aqueous electrolytes is typically determined by Zn anode–electrolyte interfaces. In this work, the role of a long‐chain polyethylene oxide (PEO) polymer as a multifunctional electrolyte additive in stabilizing Zn metal anodes is reported. PEO molecules suppress Zn2+ ion transfer kinetics and regulate Zn2+ ion concentration in the vicinity of Zn anodes through interactions between ether groups of PEO and Zn2+ ions. The suppressed Zn2+ ion transfer kinetics and homogeneous Zn2+ ion distribution at the interface promotes dendrite‐free homogeneous Zn deposition. In addition, electrochemically inert PEO molecules adsorbed onto Zn anodes can protect the anode surfaces from H2 generation and, thereby, enhance their electrochemical stability. Stable cycling over 3000 h and high reversibility (Coulombic efficiency > 99.5%) of Zn anodes is demonstrated in 1 m ZnSO4 electrolyte with 0.5 wt% PEO. This finding provides helpful insights into the mechanism of Zn metal anodes stabilization by low‐cost multifunctional polymer electrolyte additives that stabilize interfacial reactions.


A sensitive and selective analytical method for the determination and quantification of endogenous β‐galactosidase in crude E. coli cell lysates by immunoprecipitation combined with automated microchip capillary gel electrophoresis (IP‐MCGE) with laser‐induced fluorescence (LIF) detection was developed. Total cell lysates were derivatized minimally with a fluorescence dye, incubated with anti‐β‐galactosidase antibodies, and the antigen/antibody complex was precipitated with protein G‐coated magnetic beads. After capturing the complex, it was eluted from the beads under denaturing conditions and loaded directly onto a multisample microchip for analysis. The effects of antibody selection and the importance of preclearing steps were studied in detail. For quantification, an external calibration through spiking pure β‐galactosidase into E. coli lysate was performed. Recovery rates of immunoprecipitation after spiking experiments and the amount of unknown endogenous β‐galactosidase in E. coli lysates were determined. As proof of principle, E. coli cultures grown on nutrition media with several glucose/lactose ratios were analyzed. Differences in the expression level of β‐galactosidase could be detected and measured with the developed method. Detected amounts of β‐galactosidase in different culture media correlated with the β‐galactosidase activities in these cultures.


Bidirectional static load tests to evaluate the axial load-bearing capacity of large cross-sectional bored piles are indispensable. Nonetheless, this test is complicated, costly, and easy to fail. A case history of a bidirectional static load test conducted in HoChiMinh City is reported and analyzed. In particular, a bored pile with 1.8m in diameter and ∼60m in embedment length, located in Tan Binh district, HoChiMinh City, is tested using the bidirectional static load test. The testing load is close to 48MN. The state-of-the-art methods to analyze the data of bidirectional load tests such as back-calculation, constructing equivalent load-displacement curve as head-down static load test, will be adopted then the lessons learned from the case history are elucidated. A guideline to carry out a bidirectional load test is presented. In essence, this study could facilitate the success of bidirectional load tests conducted on large cross-section bored piles.


The present study tackles the problem of random wave diffraction through an opening between two breakwaters forming an arbitrary angle. The numerical scheme used is result-oriented and employs the solution regarding the diffraction coefficient k for the monochromatic case. The study comprises two parts, the first dealing with uni-directional and the second with multi-directional incoming spectra. A simple energy conservation principle applied to a number of components associated with the monochromatic solution of the diffraction problem, produced one-dimensional spectra of the diffracted waves at any point in the lee of the breakwaters. A compound diffraction coefficient K could thus be established in terms of the k's and the characteristics of the incoming spectrum. Graphs of equal K-values are presented for the various cases examined. The second part of the study deals with waves presenting spatial distribution of energy. A directional spreading function of the Mitsuyasu-type was assumed. The diffracted spectra yielded a composite diffraction coefficient by integrating through the directions as well as through the frequencies.


Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most common operations performed in general surgery worldwide. It may contain either the omentum or small bowel as its contents. However, during hernia surgery, there may be surprises due to encounter of rare or unexpected contents in the hernial sac. Among these are Meckel's diverticulum, Amyand's hernia, Rhicter's hernia, bladder, fallopian tube and ovary. We present a case of herniolithiaisis which was a term given for 'stone' in the hernial sac by Singal et al., in their case report. The first case of stone in the hernial sac was reported by Mazdak et al in 2007. Our patient, a 56 year old diabetic gentleman presented with bilateral inguinal hernia, left larger than the right with a left hydrocele. He was posted for left hernioplasty and hydrocelectomy. Intraoperatively, a direct hernia with omentum and bowel as contents was seen. There was a 2x2 cm stone adherent to the omentum at the fundus of the sac. Biochemical analysis of the stone revealed calcium and oxalate as its main constituents. Herniolithiasis or stone in the hernial sac is an exceedingly rare entity. Chronic infection and inflammation of part of the omentum has been hypothesised to cause saponification, calcification and stone formation. In this report, we intend to present such an encounter during hernia surgery and briefly outline the other rare contents in the herinal sac. It is important that the operating surgeon is aware of various unexpected contents in the hernial sac during hernia repair in order to plan proper surgery.


ARI PRIANTO. Addition of Google Maps Layer on Hotspots Spatial Data Warehouse in Indonesia. Supervised by HARI AGUNG ADRIANTO. Hotspots data warehouse in Indonesia is a system that stores the historical data of forest fires in Indonesia. This system serves to make the observation of hotspots in order to control the forest fire by the Directorate of Forest Fire Control Ministry of Forestry of Indonesia. A spatial system of on-line analytical processing (SOLAP) has been developed to help the observation of hotspots. The system is able to see the visualization and analysis SOLAP distribution of hotspots. However, these systems have drawbacks in its visualization module, Where there is an insufficient information about the circumstances surrounding the hotspots. This research tries to improve the quality of the visualization module by integrating the existing system with Google Maps. The result of this research is the spatial data warehouse system that is integrated with Google Maps as the base layer. .


This paper presents a modified taught data method for accurate contour control of mechatronic servo systems by using a Gaussian network. The Gaussian network reflects an inverse dynamics of the second order model for the mechatronic servo system. The input data for the contour control of the servo system are modified from objective trajectories by using the Gaussian network to attain the accurate contour control. Effectiveness of the proposed method was assured by experimental results of an X-Y table.


The article is devoted to studying the evaluation of the determinant factors of the value of state-owned companies, which present the competitive and investment-attractive segment of the economy with high export potential. There are considered the applied aspects of the problem and the influence of financial and non-financial factors on the value of companies, such as: return on assets, return on equity, return on invested capital, leverage, earnings per share, dividends per share, company size, company age, share of fixed assets. The research hypothesis that the selected determinants are significant and affect the value of companies with state participation are examined. The analysis is based on data from public reports of Russian producing and processing companies. The sample includes the data for 2010-2019. Companies with state participation and industry affiliation were selected; a database of indicators of financial statements of selected companies was formed; the financial indicators-factors have been calculated; the relationship of factors with the resulting indicator is determined. It has been inferred that the determinants "earnings per share" and "net working capital" are statistically significant and have an impact on the enterprise value in the industry under study


The development and design of 500 k V three-phase shell-type shunt reactor,which includ basic design, calculation of vibration, analysis of electric field calculation,earthquake-resistance measures, and so on, are introduced.


BACKGRAOUND
Myasthenia gravis is a rare immunological illness that impairs neuromuscular transmission. Myasthenic patients are usually hypersensitive to non-depolarising muscle relaxants, and reversal with neostigmine is rarely effective. We report the successful reversal of rocuroniuminduced neuromuscular block in a morbidly obese myasthenic patient.

CASE REPORT
A 38-year-old morbidly obese (body weight 160 kg, BMI 48.8 kg m⁻²) woman was scheduled for elective laparoscopic gastric banding. She was anaesthetised with propofol-based TIVA; intubation was facilitated by 24 mg of rocuronium. After spontaneous recovery of T1, she received 200 mg of sugammadex, which completely restored the NMT ratio (TOF=100%) within 2 min and 48 sec., and she was extubated. No postoperative complications were observed.

CONCLUSION
Sugammadex can be successfully used in myasthenic patients, allowing for the safe use of muscle relaxants in these patients.


This paper presents psychedelic drugs as treatment for various psychological disorders. The categorization and history of psychedelic drugs are being reviewed and the main related scientific findings are outlined accordingly. Moreover, the therapeutic capabilities of psychedelics are critically evaluated and discussed in relation to the current treatment methods. Finally, the text concludes by suggesting that psychedelics are brought back into the surface again since they have proven to be a very effective method of treating psychological disorders and can be very efficiently combined with all the psychotherapy techniques. Keywords: psychedelic drugs, psychotherapy, hallucinogens, psychological treatment;


Background: Brain abscesses are intracerebral infections with pus accumulation that can be fatal in most cases without appropriate treatment. The most common cause of brain abscesses are infections with streptococci and staphylococci. Streptococcus anginosus is a group of streptococci that are part of the normal flora of the oropharynx and are rarely the cause of severe bacterial infections.
Case Report: Our patient is a 64-year-old man who underwent a dental procedure, and presented a few days later with a high-grade fever and decreased level of consciousness. He was found to have multiple brain abscesses and a liver abscess, and blood cultures revealed Streptococcus intermidius, which belongs to the Streptococcus anginosus group. The patient received appropriate treatment and recovered completely.
Conclusion: Dental procedures, even simple tooth brushing, can cause bacteremia leading to multiple abscesses in different parts of the body, especially if a germ of the Streptococcus anginosus group has been detected in the blood culture.


Polyaniline/MnO2/graphite felt (PMGF) composite, which can be used as a novel free-standing, flexible electrode for supercapacitors, was fabricated via a facile electrochemical method. Polyaniline/graphite felt (PANI/GF) electrode was prepared by electropolymerization of PANI onto the GF. Subsequently, manganese dioxide (MnO2) was electrodeposited on the surface of the PANI/GF electrode to prepare PMGF electrode. The microstructure and morphology of the as-prepared samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Specific surface area was examined using N2 adsorption/desorption test. Cyclic voltammogram, chronopotentiometry techniques and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were introduced to investigate the electrochemical performance of the composites. The PMGF electrode exhibited specific capacitance as high as about 630 F g−1 at the current density of 0.5 A g−1, which is much higher than that of PANI/MnO2 composites reported previously. The high specific capacitance of PMGF may be attributed to the fact that the porous GF is a good conductive matrix for the dispersion of PANI/MnO2 and it can facilitate easy access of electrolytes to the electrode, which results in enhancement of the electrochemical performance of the composite. Moreover, the specific capacitance of PMGF is much larger than that of MnO2/GF (MGF), which may be ascribed to the participant of PANI, which contributes additional pseudocapacitance and electron transport path. POLYM. COMPOS., 34:819–824, 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers


Fiber reinforced concrete is becoming increasingly popular as a construction material, as it can potentially form a ductile concrete. The properties of the fiber reinforced concrete depend on the concrete recipe, the flow of the fresh concrete into the formwork, possible vibrating of the concrete and the fiber orientations. This contribution presents the results of bending tests performed on fiber reinforced concrete beam specimens, which have been cut out of a larger plate. These beams have different fiber orientation distributions, due to being taken from different parts of the plate and with different orientation with respect to the flow of the fresh concrete. Further, the microstructure of the concrete was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM shows no obvious differences in the microstructure between beams of different strength and shows good adhesion of fiber and concrete matrix in all investigated samples.


A 24-hour patch test was performed to verify the safety of stable sodium hypochlorite (test sample material, 200 ppm, AirRish) with twenty healthy research participants ranging from 20-60 years old (four males and nineteen females, age: 39.5 ± 10.7). The safety evaluation was performed in accordance with the determination criteria of a research group for patch tests in Japan. It was indicated that the rating score was 0.0 and that no adverse events were observed. This product was judged to be classified as "anzen-hin," a safe product by the skin irritation index in perfumery and cosmetics. It was suggested that there were no safety issues regarding contact with this test sample product for the disinfection of hands and fingers. Kyle Haasbroek 1), Miho Hashimoto 1), Saki Yokota 1), Nobuya Ishikawa 2), Masayuki Yagi 1), Yoshikazu Yonei 1) Contact information: Professor Yoshikazu Yonei, MD, PhD Anti-Aging Medical Research Center / Glycative Stress Research Center, Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University 1-3, Tatara Miyakodani, Kyotanabe-shi, Kyoto, 610-0394, Japan TEL & FAX: +81-774-65-6394 e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com. jp Co-authors: EHaasbroek K, firstname.lastname@example.com. jp; Hashimoto M, email@example.com; Yokota S, firstname.lastname@example.com; Ishikawa N, email@example.com; Yagi M, email@example.com Introduction Sodium hypochlorite (SH) is used for its effects in disinfection, stain removal, and bleaching. It is the main component of chlorine-based agents used for antibacterial or bleaching purposes. SH has been extensively used for disinfection due to its low cost and usability 1). Its effectiveness has been confirmed for eliminating norovirus, influenza virus, Salmonella, and Escherichia coli. It is diluted to 0.1% (1,000 ppm) or 0.02% (200 ppm) for disinfection. Usage of sodium hypochlorite is broadly observed in the dental field. However, there have not yet been sufficient safety assessments in human usage for hand sanitization. Therefore, its usage for the human body has not been recommended in attached documents and guidelines by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. In addition, a challenging problem has been that effective concentrations of chlorine are difficult to maintain and store for extended periods. A stable-type sodium hypochlorite (s-SH, AirRish, Osaka, Japan) was developed using a unique production method. The component is maintained within a container in a stable manner, which enables its quality retention period to be approximately three years (a product stored in a cool, dark place/a refill product: five years). The present study performed a 24-hour human patch test of s-SH 200 ppm with twenty healthy male and female adults at 20–60 years of age to verify safety. We report the obtained findings. Methods Target Participants Among twenty-two potential participants, who were healthy males and females ranging from 20 60 years old and provided written informed consent, two individuals


midline fluid brain second trimester, a normal transient fetal structure, the cavum velum interpositum and to refute the theory that it is the 3rd ventricle. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 90 3DUS volumes of the brain, acquired from normal fetuses between 14–17weeks by transvaginal US. The median view was studied using multiplanar imaging, and the fluid collection over the choroid plexus of the 3rd ventricle was measured. We calculated the correlation between the gestational age and the TCD, and the fluid length. Colour Doppler images (2D image or a video-clip) were analysed to locate of the internal cerebral veins (ICV's), with respect to the fluid collection three observations:


(Cytosine-5)-DNA methyltransferase SsoII (M.SsoII) functions as a methyltransferase and also as a transcription factor. Chemical and photochemical crosslinking was used for exploring the structure of M.SsoII–DNA complexes and M.SsoII in the absence of DNA. Photocrosslinking with 4-(N-maleimido)benzophenone demonstrated that in the M.SsoII complex with DNA containing the regulatory site, the M.SsoII region responsible for methylation was bound to DNA flanking the regulatory site, which contained no methylation sequence. This required high flexibility of the linker connecting the M.SsoII N-terminal domain and the M.SsoII region responsible for methylation. The flexibility was demonstrated by crosslinking with bis-maleimidoethane and 1,11-bis-maleimidotetraethyleneglycol.


The palladium nanoparticles supported on the Mg-Al mixed metal oxide catalysts were prepared by coprecipation.X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),X-ray photoelectron spectrometer(XPS),Transmission electron microscope(TEM),etc.were used to characterize the materials,and the results indicated that the palladium n anoparticles with small particle size(3.5 nm) were homogeneous dispersed on the surface of the supports.The catalysts exhibited high catalytic performance and selectivity in one-pot synthesis of N-benzylideneaniline from benzyl alcohol and aniline under the optimized conditions.The recycle experiments revealed that the obvious losses of conversion and selectivity were not observed,and the supported Pd nanoparticle catalysts showed high stability.


The present invention relates to a film-coated tablet for treating gynecological diseases, which is prepared by the raw materials with the following mix ratio by weight: 0.35 to 0.85 part of dahurian patrinia herb, 0.15 to 0.55 part of coix seed, 0.12 to 0.45 part of Szechwan Chinaberry fruit, 0.12 to 0.45 part of Chinese thorowax root, 0.12 to 0.45 part of baical skullcap root, 0.12 to 0.45 part of red paeony root and 0.08 to 0.35 part of tangerine peel. The preparation method of the present invention is that: the medicines are taken, except part of the coix seed is smashed into coarse powder, others are respectively boiled and extracted for three times by taking the water as the solvent, and finally the film-coated tablet is prepared by filtration, concentration, granulation and compression. Compared with the congeneric gynecological products, the present invention has good efficacy, small dosage, no sugar or other excipients and broad application scope. The present invention can be used by the women with obesity and diabetes, as well as the patients with saccharocoria; the present invention has special and novel appearance, easy carry and storage, which can reach the leading domestic level.


Acceptor doping combined with reducing atmospheres causes defect induced lattice dilation in lanthanum chromite SOFC interconnect materials. Energy minimization techniques were used to simulate this dilation on the atomistic scale. To test the extrapolation capabilities of the technique, interatomic potentials were derived using minimal data bases. Lattice expansions were well predicted for 16 mol% Sr doping, but underpredicted by 33% at 30. mol% Sr. Approaches to improve the extrapolative prediction capabilities of the model are described.


Static VAR compensators (SVC) have been developed and introduced in the power industry and such equipment improves the quality of electrical transmission systems due to regulation of active and reactive power. Devices known as FACTS (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) operate at voltages of 35 kV, 110 kV and above. At such high voltage levels, the use of vacuum switch devices becomes competitive with semiconductor devices. The fact is that vacuum devices provide high voltage levels (100 kV and above), in comparison with semiconductor devices (6-7 kV). For use in high-voltage converters consecutive connection of many semiconductor devices with control circuitry is necessary. There are also other advantages of vacuum devices: high speed switching, stability of influence of electromagnetic interferences and heating. High-voltage breakdown in vacuum devices does not carry catastrophic character, unlike breakdown in semiconductor devices.


Human power plays a great importance in agriculture system since agrarian and they are involved in various farm operations. Hence in the design of farm tools and equipment, everything known about operator is very important, as they have to work with the designed/developed equipment. It is reported that many agricultural projects aimed at men with the assumption that they will some how automatically benefit women though the ergonomical characteristics of women are different than men workers. The contribution of women is very high in the farm sector as they are involved in majority of farm operations and are therefore subjected to extra harsh conditions of work that leads to drudgery. Introducing women friendly improved farm tools and equipment can reduce drudgery in farm operations. Benchmark study conducted in Madhya Pradesh regarding involvement of farm women in agriculture and allied activities revealed that the adoption level of improved farm tools and equipment w.r.t. its operation, was 4.78% which is quite low. Keeping this in view, based on ergonomic studies 20 hand operated improved farm tools and equipment namely, hand ridger, seed treatment drum, CIAE fertilizer broadcaster, CIAE seed drill, PAU seed drill, Naveen dibbler, TNAU four row paddy drum seeder, CRRI two row and four row rice transplanters, twin wheel hoe, cono weeder, improved sickle, groundnut stripper, groundnut decorticator (sitting and standing type), tubular maize sheller, rotary maize sheller, cotton stalk puller (wheel type), OUAT pedal operated paddy thresher, CRRI paddy winnower and CIAE hanging type grain cleaner with sack holder was found suitable for farm women to perform various farm operations. In addition to this, groundnut stripper was also found very good equipment during demonstration for custom hiring. Thus, these equipment have potential for commercialization so that same may be provided to farm women for increasing efficiency and reducing drudgery.


Research libraries are now operating in an environment that provides less funding, more competition and greatly expanded options for brokering access to high-quality resources. All of these realities suggest a need to rethink, radically, not just the ways libraries build collections, but the very nature of the library collection itself. If online resources can be purchased at point of use, does it still make sense to purchase them before need is demonstrated? If books can now be printed on demand, does it still make sense to buy them on the basis of speculation about future need? What might the practices of collection building and access brokering look like ten years from now?


Objective To investigate the efficacy of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS) in diagnosis and treatment of small pulmonary nodules.MethodsFrom February 2004 to July 2010,62 patients with small solitary pulmonary nodule(3cm in diameter)were treated by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.The nodules were removed during the operation,and then based on the results of quick pathological examination,malignant cases received further surgeries.ResultsTotally 38 patients were diagnosed with malignant disease.32 of them received small-incision radical lobectomy for primary lung cancer,small-incision resection of the lesions were performed on 6 patients who had bilateral(2 cases)or metastatic lung cancer(4 cases).Benign lesions were confirmed in 24 patients during the operation,and were removed by local resection.The 24 benign cases were followed up for 3 to 12 montha(mean,7.5 months),none of them had recurrence.ConclusionVATS is effective in the diagnose and treatment of small pulmonary nodules.


The medial axis can be viewed as a compact representation for an arbitrary model; it is an essential geometric structure in many applications. A number of practical algorithms for its computation have been aimed at speeding up its computation and at addressing its instabilities. In this paper we propose a new algorithm to compute the medial axis with arbitrary precision. It exhibits several desirable properties not previously combined in a practical and efficient algorithm. First, it allows for a tradeoff between computation time and accuracy, making it well-suited for applications in which an approximation of the medial axis suffices, but computational efficiency is of particular concern. Second, it is output sensitive: the computation complexity of the algorithm does not depend on the size of the representation of a model, but on the size of the representation of the resulting medial axis. Third, the densities of the approximated medial axis points in different areas are adaptive to local free space volumes, based on the assumption that a coarser approximation in wide open area can still suffice the requirements of the applications. We present theoretical results, bounding the error introduced by the approximation process. The algorithm has been implemented and experimental results are presented that illustrate its computational efficiency and robustness.


Reactions of the N-substituted diethanolamine ligand N-n-butyldiethanolamine with chromium(II) and lanthanide(III)/rare earth salts (Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Y) in the presence of coligands give access to three series of isostructural 1:1 3d(Cr(III))/4f(Ln(III)) coordination cluster compounds that can be designated in terms of octanuclear "square-in-square" (Ln = La-Tb), hexanuclear "triangle-in-triangle" (Ln = Dy, Ho, Y) and tetranuclear "butterfly" or defect dicubane core (Ln = Er-Lu) topologies as revealed by single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis. The bulk magnetic properties were also measured. The influences of the various components in the reaction system on the final topology and the role of the ionic radius are discussed.


This essay looks at the historical significance of two APS classic papers that are freely available online: Ingraham RC and Visscher MB. Further studies on intestinal absorption with the performanc...


ADR - Origins, Contextual Background and Purpose The ADR Spectrum Principles of Negotiation Mediation Processes and Skills Acquisition Principles of Arbitration - Domestic and International Dispute Resolution Mechanism in the World Trade Organization ADR and the Criminal Justice System Caseload Management.


The invention relates to a water permeable brick. A base layer of the water permeable brick is prepared from the following raw materials: 3-12% of acetylene sludge, 2-8% of cement, 0.016-0.02% of soil stabilizer and soil; the materials of the base layer and the materials of a surface layer are pressed and molded one time to form the base layer and the surface layer by a mechanical mold; the soil stabilizer is a mixture of a strong oxidant, a dispersing agent, an ionic macromolecule activating agent and a curing catalyst. The water permeable brick has the advantages that the water permeable brick adopts soil universally existing in natural environment as a coarse aggregate, and the coarse aggregate is matched with the soil stabilizer, therefore, the raw material sources are abundant, local materials can be used, and the water permeable brick up to the standard can be prepared.


ment of the PC (August Tepper) and text processing (Jeanette Hoffmann). The last follows the cycles of changing Leitbilder in the development of networking (Ralf Klischewski) and the shift from time-sharing (computer utility) to the "interactive on-line community" (Hellige). Generally, guiding visions do not perform well on the test bed of history. As Hellige points out in his informative introduction, what we take to be a Leitbild depends on our commitments on a range of theoretical and ideological issues. That is reflected by the difficulties we can face in trying to distinguish a Leitbild from a metaphor, model, paradigm, or style. Tepper observes that we can only approach the notion only through case studies, but that the case we choose and the manner in which we interpret it run the risk of making the Leitbild a selffulfilling prophecy. As if to bear him out, Klotz unwittingly shows how the history of objectoriented programming can be tailored to fit a Leitbild, instead of being guided by it. Eulenhöfer finds that the theory of programming languages was developed by negotiation among various approaches, rather than by any single vision shared by practitioners. Indeed, by documenting how the guiding vision shifts during the process of development, Klischewski and Hellige question whether the vision follows the project, rather than leading it. These brief remarks do not do justice to the issues raised when history is used to put sociological and policy models to the test. Indeed, beyond the immediate subject, the articles themselves and the literature they point to offer a glimpse of the wealth and variety of projects in the history, sociology, and philosophy of computing that have been going on in Germany, and especially Berlin, over the past decade. Unfortunately, little of the resulting literature has made its way into English or, as frequent checks of RLIN showed, has crossed the Atlantic even in its original form. That is regrettable, for it is work worth knowing about. Michael S. Mahoney firstname.lastname@example.com


From the onset of the Arab-Israeli conflict, the major Israeli leaders looked for opportunities to invade and annex southern Lebanon and install a friendly Christian and anti-PLO government in the rest of the country, working closely with Israel in its conflict with the Palestinians and other Islamic organizations. After the PLO established its main bases and headquarters in the region, there were a series of Israeli-PLO-Hezbollah cross-border attacks, culminating in the 1978, 1982, 1993, 1996, and 2006 wars. Although Israel "won" the wars and the PLO was expelled from Lebanon, Hezbollah recovered and grew stronger after each one. It now has an estimated 130,000 rockets and missiles and can hit almost every part of Israel in case of new wars. As a result, since 2006 a state of acknowledged mutual deterrence and an uneasy peace has emerged between Israel and Hezbollah, except for Israeli attacks on Hezbollah forces cooperating with Iran in the Syrian civil war.


The principle of equal rights of churches and other religious organizations is a principle of Catholicism. It can be read from the principle of the pluralistic society contained in the model of the relations between Church and State developed by the Second Vatican Council. Under Polish law it is regulated in Article 9(2/3) of 17 May 1983 Act on the Guarantees of the Freedom of Conscience and Faith and in Article 25(1) of the 2 April 1997 Constitution of the Republic of Poland. In the axiological and legal basis of the principle of equality of churches and other religious organizations we can also include equal rights and dignity and freedom of conscience and religion. The principle of equality means that churches and other religious organizations have the right to be treated in the same way whenever each of them in the same degree is endowed with a certain trait, "as well as due to this trait", and where between the entities, i.e. churches and other religious organizations, there are substantial variances, each of them should be treated differently and always according their dissimilarity.


High-energy pulsed-power devices routinely access field strengths above those at which broad-area, cathode-initiated, high-voltage vacuum-breakdown occur. Examples include magnetically-insulated-transmission lines and current convolutes, high-current-density electron and ion diodes, high-power microwave devices, and cavities and other structures for electrostatic and RF accelerators. Energy deposited in anode surfaces may exceed anode plasma thermal-desorption creation thresholds on the time-scale of the pulse. Stimulated resorption by electron or photon bombardment can also lead to plasma formation on electrode or insulator surfaces. Device performance is limited above these thresholds, particularly impulse length and energy, by the formation and expansion of neutral and plasma layers formed, primarily from electrode contaminants. In-situ conditioning tech&ques to modify and eliminate the contaminants through multiple high-voltage pukes, low base pressures, RF discharge cleaning, heating, surface coatings, and ion- and electron-beam surface treatment allow access to new regimes of performance through control of plasma formation and modification of the plasma properties. Experimental and theoretical progress from a variety of devices and small scale experiments with a variety of treatment methods will be reviewed and recommendations given for future work.


E-mail system is one of the main tools using in social communion on the web.Web service with its broad prospects of development is a new technology based on XML technology. This article will describe how to use Web services to e-mail system, design the response mechanism and the Web Services.


Let the sequence (vk) is assumed to be either constant or strictly decreasing sequence of positive real numbers satisfying limk?? vk = L > 0 and supk vk ? 2L. Then the generalized difference operator ?v is ?v x = ?v (xn) = (vnxn ? vn?1xn?1)? n=0 with x?1 = v?1 = 0. The aim of this paper is to obtain the approximate point spectrum, the defect spectrum and the compression spectrum of the operator ?v and modified of the operator ?v on the sequence spaces c and ????p (1 < p < ?).


In recent years temporary bonding has evolved to a widely used process technology as it is an enabling process for many products relyinnovel solutions are typically assessed on two key criteria which are a broad process window and cost effectiveness. Thus in this paper these criteria will be discussed in more detail for the case of UV laser debonding with respect to wafer level packaging. By temporary bonding the thin or to be thinned device wafer is bonded to a carrier wafer by an adhesive interlayer to provide sufficient mechanical support which is crucial for many downstream processes. In the past several different technologies have been studied and implemented. A major differentiation factor between the offered solutions is the debonding method, including separation processes at room or elevated temperatures. Nowadays a particular focus is on UV laser debonding as it offers several advantages, as the debonding process can be performed at room temperature with fast process times and force free separati...


The author describes a process of systematic integration of aerial and satellite imagery, which has provided a huge increase in the number of known burial mounds in the area where the Danube meets the Black Sea. Careful evaluation of newly acquired and archival imagery from satellites and lower level platforms shows where data is comparable and how visibility varies with imagery type. Excavations to date suggest the majority of the mounds are of Greco-Roman date and associated with the large towns and their road networks. Clusters of barrows exist, hinting at associated settlement aggregation, but a large proportion are single tumuli, raising interesting questions about their social role in this period. Above all, the large numbers revealed by the survey must invite new thoughts on whether, or in what way, the mounds reflect social ranking.


Microwave-assisted magnetization reversal (MAMR) characteristics of a single-exchange-coupled composite nanopillar, which consists of ferromagnetically coupled soft and hard magnetic sections, have been discussed in terms of Gilbert damping constant using micromagnetic simulation. The results indicate the occurrence of significant MAMR even when the damping constant of the hard magnetic section is large. The results obtained in this paper greatly contrast those obtained with single-phase hard magnetic pillars. We also found that the magnetization switching time tends to be shorter when the damping constant of the hard magnetic section is large.


X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT) has become a well-established technique in many fields of science. Its application in wood research is also increasing considerably. Thanks to the non-destructive nature of the imaging process as well as the internal view on the three-dimensional structure, it is one of the pre-eminent techniques for multi-scale studies of wood. With standard cone-beam tomography, however, long samples with limited cross-sectional dimensions are hard to scan at high resolution. Stacked scanning and volume stitching are necessary for such samples. Tree-ring research mainly uses increment cores or generally speaking pith-to-bark trajectories which are typically long but with rather small cross-sectional dimensions. Such samples, therefore, could benefit from other acquisition routines, such as the helical scanning protocol. The sample is not only rotated 360° but is also moved along the z-axis, resulting in a helical movement. We will show how helical X-CT (HXCT) can be of use in tree-ring research, giving examples of its use on oak (Quercus spp.), limba (Terminalia superba) and teak (Tectona grandis). Custom-made sample holders enable scanning of several pith-to-bark trajectories sawn from wood disks simultaneously. Reconstructed volumes can be converted to absolute densities without classical time-consuming calibration methods and density profiles can be obtained. Furthermore, the 3D volume can also be used for accurate ring width measurements taking into account ring and grain angle. In some cases, quantitative wood anatomical measurements are also feasible. Finally, dedicated scans at higher resolution can resolve finer anatomical details.


In general,"all aspects attack" means the all aspects attack of the target,which is different from the concept of "all aspects attack of the launch platform".In this paper,the concept of the later is analyzed in detail.It is considered that for missile weapon system,there is a trend of changing from the former to the later.The technical basis for all aspects attack of the launch platform and its influence of future air combat are also studied.


Conscientiousness and truth are as necessary in research in pure science as in practical life. The experimenter must not be blinded by the first results of a new intellectual discovery and must not neglect to prove conscientiously and thoroughly the results obtained in his researches. He must keep his mind fixed firmly on his original starting-point and the methods he employs. I t may happen in a day that his hardly-won position is assailed and made untenable against severe criticism. Therefore, the experimenter cannot afford to close his eyes to a new discovery, obtained from another point of view, which will not fit in with his own ideas, nor must he treat it as unimportant, if not incorrect. Such unforeseen and unexpected discoveries occur in all sciences, particularly when they are permeated with the spirit of youth. For every science, not even excluding mathematics, is to some extent the result of observation, whether the subject be natural or intellectual. The chief problem in every science is that of endeavouring to arrange and collate the numerous individual observations and details which present themselves, in order that they may become par t of one comprehensive picture. Now, considering the different subjects comprised in the various branches of science, their laws are by no means so diverse in their natures as might appear from a glance at the marked contrasts presented, for example, by questions in history and physics. At least it would be quite incorrect to look for a fundamental difference in the fact that in the domain of natural science a law must everywhere, without exception, be absolute, and the sequence of phenomena certain. In intellectual work, however, the pursuit of causal relations leads, here 56 Dynamical Laws and Statistical Laws 57


Anthropogenic carbon dioxide emission from its sources must be reduced to decrease the threat of global warming. Calcium oxide is considered as an effective carbon dioxide absorbent in biomass or coal gasification process as well as conventional power plants. It reacts with carbon dioxide to form calcium carbonate which can be decomposed into the original oxide and carbon dioxide at high temperature by calcination. In order to make this method practical for the carbon dioxide capture and sequestration, the performance of the calcium oxide absorbent must be maintained over a large number of carbonation/calcination cycles. For this reason, loss in the surface area of the absorbent due to pore plugging and sintering of particles in cyclic operation must be avoided. To prevent or minimize this problem, a simple and effective procedure for immobilization of calcium oxide on a fibrous alumina mat was developed in this study. The prepared samples were observed by SEM and the cyclic performance of the calcium oxide absorbent was evaluated by TGA experiments and compared to the previous studies in literature. 75% and 62% maximum carbonation conversions of the prepared absorbents with 23 wt % and 55 wt % calcium oxide content were achieved respectively and remained stable even after ten cycles whereas conversion in the literature data dropped steeply with the number of cycles.Copyright © 2008 by ASME


In this paper we reveal electrical detection properties of planar MBE grown GaAs/Al0.25Ga0.75As heterojunction diode at different ambient temperatures. These investigations enabled to reveal the reasons of voltage signal rise across the heterojunction diode placed in a microwave electric field. Different temperature dependences of the detected voltage for different types of microwave diodes fabricated on the base of GaAs/Al0.25Ga0.75As heterostructures have been measured.


This essay examines the use of camouflage, artifice, and abstraction – as strategies of surface-play – by Mickalene Thomas, a contemporary painter. Many scholars have focused on Thomas's use of painting materials (e.g. enamel, rhinestones, glitter) that locate her work within discourses of consumer culture and beauty in hip-hop aesthetics. While providing a different orientation to the look through the black queer gaze, the author argues that Thomas's method (e.g. photography, collage-painting, installation) and use of materials signify the surface of her work as a corporeal topography of black interiorities. Camouflage, artifice, and abstraction reveal interiorities hidden in plain sight. The first part of this article examines camouflage and artifice as porous surface-play, while the second part turns to a discussion of abstraction in Thomas's work as a method that pushes the boundaries of representation and abstractionism.


Highlights:

A patient had a long segment of total occlusion to the proximal right common iliac and anterior tibial artery.
The treatment is a combination of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) using vascular stent and the Fogarty thrombectomy.
Hybrid procedure can treat multilevel artery occlusive diseases, with shorter hospitalization, less perioperative morbidity, and similar early- and long-term efficacy.

Abstract:
Critical limb ischemia is a condition that threatens the viability of lower extremities and must be treated promptly to avoid major amputation. Revascularization is the most effective treatment method for critical limb ischemia. Revascularization using a hybrid of endovascular and open surgery is a minimally invasive procedure that performs well as the treatment for medically high-risk patients. A hybrid procedure should be considered for patients with high surgical risk. However, there are factors that could compromise its long-term patency, such as critical limb ischemia and diabetes. This study reported a case of a 53-year-old Asian male with history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and long-standing tobacco use, presented with pain in the right leg at rest approximately 30 days prior  to  admission.  Physical  examination  revealed  a  low  temperature  and  remarkable  non-palpable  pulses  in  the  right  femoral, posterior tibial, and dorsalis pedis segments. Arteriography with run-offs revealed a long segment of total occlusion from the proximal right common iliac and anterior tibial artery. There was non-significant stenosis in the right popliteal artery. The patient was treated using a combination of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) of the right common iliac artery using vascular stent and the Fogarty thrombectomy of the common femoral artery, equipped with an X-ray system and a moveable radiolucent surgical table. The anticoagulant  used  on  the  patient  during  the procedure  was  heparin.  There  was  no  residual  stenosis  after  the  procedure  on  the occlusion along the right common iliac artery to the common femoral artery. In conclusion, multilevel artery occlusive diseases could be treated by hybrid procedure, with shorter hospitalization, less perioperative morbidity, and similar early- and long-term efficacy compared with open revascularization.


Daylighting is an efficient method for providing better learning conditions and health in schools. Poor daylighting causes discomfort, which reduces learning and it is detrimental to the physical and mental health of students. This study focuses on the effects of daylighting on the physical health, psychological well-being, and performance of students in schools. The paper aims to provide architects, building designers, and researchers with additional information and a better understanding of the effects of daylight on student health and performance.


The AMADEUS experiment aims to provide unique quality data of K− hadronic interactions in light nuclear targets, in order to solve fundamental open


Highly nonlinear solitary waves (HNSWs) are compact nondispersive waves that can form and propagate in slightly compacted 1D chains of identical particles. Such a 1D chain is a heterogeneous lattice, which holds nonlinearity due to geometry and periodicity. Depending on the dynamic excitation, the particles support linear, weakly nonlinear, or highly nonlinear waves. The latter are triggered when the excitation generates a dynamic force much higher than the initial precompression.
Over the last decade, there has been a great effort to use HNSWs in engineering applications such as shock absorbers, energy harvesting, and nondestructive evaluation (NDE). For NDE application, many examples available in the literature show that the stiffness of the material/structure in contact with a chain of particles, where HNSWs are generated, affects the number, amplitude, and arrival time of the solitary waves.
In this dissertation, the dynamic interaction between HNSW and structure is investigated for three NDE applications: (1) determination of the elastic modulus and ultimate strength of concrete material, (2) measurement of the internal pressure and bouncing characteristics of tennis balls, and (3) estimation of axial stress in beams and continuous welded rails (CWRs). In the concrete application, the aim is to study the effect of water-to-cement ratio on the entire mix and on the surface of fresh concrete (simulating the undesirable water added to the fresh concrete by rain) on the solitary wave features. An experimental setup including seven solitary wave transducers and a numerical analysis simulating concrete samples as semi-infinite material is conducted to prove the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed HNSW method.


[1]{Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Center for 8 Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China} 9 [2]{State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, 10 School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China} 11 [3]{Decision and Information Sciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 12 Argonne, IL, USA} 13 [4]{Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, 14 Germany} 15 [5]{Atmospheric Chemistry Division, National Center for Atmospheric Research, 16 Boulder, CO, USA} 17 [6]{Institute of Energy, Environment and Economy, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 18 China} 19 [7]{State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, 20 College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 21 China} 22 [8]{Beijing Green Resource Research Co. Ltd., Beijing, China} 23 [9]{Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State 24 University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA} 25


In view of the enormous interest and high demand for Aluminium/Rice Husk Ash (Al/RHA) based composites with improved thermal, tribological and physico-mechanical properties for automotive applications, an exhaustive and all-encompassing review of the data on morphology, properties and processing methods of different hybrid composites of Al/RHA based seems timely. Hybrid Aluminum Matrix Composites (HAMCs) are the most recent generation of composites that have potential to replace monolithic aluminium alloys and single reinforced composites due to improved properties. This paper is aimed at reviewing current researches and development in RHA based Al hybrid composites and identifying the possibility of developing a novel low cost-improved property of RHA hybrid composites of aluminium for automotive applications. Hybrid composites of aluminium reviewed in this study include; rice husk ash/alumina, rice husk ash/silicon carbide, rice husk ash/fly ash and rice husk ash/bagasse. Based on the database for material properties, the application area of HAMCs has been proposed in the present review. It has been concluded that the hybrid composites offer more flexibility and reliability in the design of possible automotive components depending upon the reinforcement's combination and composition. As a result of some observables in the properties of rice husk ash, it is recommended that low concentration rice husk ash reinforcement could be used to solve the dispersion challenges of graphene in molten aluminium to produce hybrid composites free of harmful intermetallic compound like aluminium carbide.


The invention discloses a wind stop device which is arranged in a fan array, wherein the fan array comprises at least two fans for producing a forward air flow and producing a reverse air flow when a fan in the fan array fails. The wind stop device comprises a body, a first movable ball and a thin film, wherein the body comprises an annular pipe and at least one reverse air flow inlet hole; the first movable ball is positioned in the annular pipe; the thin film is provided with a first end, a second end and a third end; the first end is connected to the first movable bal; and the at least one reveres air flow inlet hole is used for filling the reverse air flow into the annular pipe to drive the first movable ball to slide in the direction away from the third end by taking the second end as the axis so as to expand the thin film to obstruct the reverse air flow. According to the wind stop device provided by the invention, the problem of heat dissipation caused by fan failure can be easily solved by fully utilizing driving power produced by the reverse air flow.


Stable water isotopes are useful tracers in the hydrological cycle that preserve integrated histories of water transport. Water isotope archives such as speleothems (calcium carbonate cave deposits) and ice cores provide evidence of past changes in the atmospheric water cycle. Climatic interpretations from past isotopic variability in proxy records often consider changes as an index of a single climate parameter, such as temperature or precipitation amount. The isotopic composition of precipitation, however, more accurately integrates multiple variations in atmospheric circulation from source to site. In this study, the impact of abrupt and orbitalscale climatic changes on the tropics and poles is examined using geochemical and modelling techniques. The dominant climatic influences on variability in water isotopes in precipitation are investigated for a variety of different types of climatic change, and the climatic interpretations applied to speleothem and ice core records are evaluated using general circulation model simulations of isotope and climate variability. Results for comparison with proxy records are obtained from a suite of simulations of past and present climates using the coupled atmosphere-ocean Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) ModelE-R. Water isotope tracers are incorporated into the model and are tracked through all stages of the hydrological cycle, where appropriate fractionations are applied at each phase change. In addition, simulations utilise a novel suite of generalised vapour source distribution (VSD) tracers, whereby the sources of water vapour to a location can be traced back through any cloud process to the site of original surface evaporation. Firstly, geochemical analyses from a speleothem from southern Indonesia are combined with model results to constrain the spatial and temporal evolution of abrupt climate change in the low latitudes. This demonstrates that Heinrich stadial hydrological changes in the southern tropics are more complex than inter-hemispheric anti-phasing and are dependent on the magnitude of the perturbation and its ability to propagate southwards. Secondly, using this hosing simulation, modelled oxygen isotopic (5"*0) changes are compared with reconstructed values from numerous lowlatitude proxy records covering Heinrich events and sites are classified according to the dominant modelled influence on S'**© variability. The prevailing amount effect interpretation is found to be most useful for coastal or tropical sites under direct Intertropical Convergence Zone influence. Lastly, the skill of deuterium excess as a tracer of oceanic source conditions in the high latitudes is evaluated using a suite of VSD-enabled model experiments and deuterium excess is found to record complex changes in the atmospheric water cycle in both the northern and southern polar regions. Water isotope variability integrates a complete air mass history from the evaporative source to the site of rain-out. Isotope-climate relationships are generally complex and dynamic; site-specific, multi-variable interpretations are often warranted. This study demonstrates the utility of generalised VSD-tracers as a circulation diagnostic and of combining multiple approaches to improve site-specific interpretations from water isotope archives. Overall, palaeo-simulations using isotope-enabled models allow the climatic influences on isotopic variability to be evaluated and the signals recorded in archives to be more precisely understood.


Second and third osmotic virial coefficients (A 22 and A 222 ) of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) in aqueous solution were determined from a simultaneous evaluation of laser-light scattering data (diluted solutions) and isopiestic data (concentrated solutions). In contradiction to literature data, it is found that neither A 22 nor A 222 depends on the molecular mass of PEG. The reasons for the lacking accuracy of previously reported data are discussed. With virial coefficients independent of molecular mass, the osmotic virial equation describes well the available reliable experimental data, which cover PEG 200 to PEG 40000 at temperatures between 278 and 333 K, up to polymer concentrations of about 0.6 g cm -3 . An extrapolation indicates that at about 376 K, both A 22 and A 222 are zero


Blood serum epidemic research which to find the immune effect of partial hogpen from 2009 to 2010 in Yunnan province after major porcine infectious disease vaccine injection had been taken by ELISA test and latex agglutination test.The result showed the positive rate of porcine antibody respectively against CSFV,PRRSV,PCV2,PRV,PPV and Japanese encephalitis virus made up 84.33%(1211/1436),74.84%(803/1073),0.00%(0/80),62.26%(287/461),54.25%(83/153) and 63.33%(76/120).After considering all the results presented above,we can safely predict that it's high time we prevent and lessen sow aborted by improving PRRSV,PRV,PPV and Japanese encephalitis virus vaccine using effect.


This study uses data from repeatedly measured forest monitoring plots (20 × 20 m) (n = 32) and nine ungulate exclosures (paired fenced and unfenced plots; 20 × 20 m) to show the effects of introduced ungulates on tree regeneration in Pureora Forest Park, central North Island, between 1974 and 2002. Results show that introduced ungulates, particularly red deer (Cervus elaphus scoticus), have suppressed the regeneration of hardwood species such as Coprosma grandifolia, Elaeocarpus dentatus, Griselinia littoralis, Melicytus ramiflorus , Schefflera digitata and Weinmannia racemosa. These species were only common as saplings and small trees in the complete absence of ungulate browsing. The results of this study suggest that red deer will need to be culled to low densities to assure regeneration of palatable tree species in Pureora Forest.


Based on the analysis of the desiderated problems of current macro economic control,the world economy turmoil means not only the challenge,but also the opportunity to our country.China must solve seven problems if it wants to properly deal with the world economy turmoil and grasp the opportunity for its economic development.


The purpose of this seminar is to apply appropriate software tools for conferences. This tool is applied to a specific web space of University of Pardubice due to better conference form, its administration, user administration and archiving. This seminar describes a software tool Open Conference Systems as a convenient method for organizing the conference.


Various epidemological studies have investigated the possible associations between blood rheology (i.e. haematological characteristics that could influence blood flow) and coronary heart disease rates. Some involved whole blood viscosity (i.e. bulk blood's intrinsic resistance to flow), but most involved its major determinants: haematocrit, plasma viscosity, and red cell aggregation (as indicated by the erythrocyte sedimentation rate) (Table 1). There is an elevated risk of occlusive vascular disease in patients with poorly controlled polycythaemia (in whom the haematocrit is markedly elevated), and both prospective and retrospective epidemiological studies of the general population have reported some association between determinants of blood rheology and coronary heart disease risk. Prospective epidemiological studies, in which coronary heart disease events are recorded for some years after 'baseline' blood collection, should be less prone to bias than retrospective epidemiological studies because they limit the influence of pre-existing disease itself on the factors being investigated. This should still be the case even in long-term prospective studies among patients with previous vascular disease since, in such studies, subsequent 'cases' are compared with 'controls' with similar disease at baseline selected from within the same study. Hence, to help determine whether there is any real association between coronary heart disease and various measures of blood rheology, we report a


In this study, response surface models (RSMs) based on limited data are developed. Experimental cutting force data for the flat end milling process are employed to build these models. Four RSM models are developed in terms of process variables. The first model is used to build the mean cutting force. Similarly, the second, third and fourth models are used to build models for the variance, skewness and curtosis coefficients of the cutting forces. A bi-objective optimization procedure is developed and solved to generate a set of optimal process settings. An approximation scheme resulted in 6 possible objective combinations. The Pareto set of solutions (or part of) are generated for the six possible combinations. The merit of this study lies in the fact that response surfaces are built from limited data, often experienced in reality.


The system analysis method and ASM2d activated sludge model technology were applied to optimize the design of upgrading reconstruction of conventional activated sludge process in Beijiao WWTP in Baotou. The key factors in the upgrading reconstruction were found by analyzing the influent and effluent quality, operational parameters and activated sludge degradation performance. On the basis, the combined process of the modified A2/O process and the advanced treatment technologies of high den-sity sedimentation tank and microfiltration was selected as the upgrading reconstruction process of the plant. The modified AVO process model was built to simulate and forecast the different operation condi-tions at disadvantaged temperature of 12℃, and the optimal technology parameters including MLSS, RAS, IRR, DO and so on were determined. All these provide the feasibility prediction and optimized de-sign for the upgrading reconstruction and extension solutions of WWTP.


This work deals with improvements of the calculation and design methods of rotodynamic pump volutes taking into account viscous liquid flow. The research was performed with torque flow pump of "Turo" type. The analytical solution for the problem within the one-dimensional model of viscous liquid allowed to obtain a viscous liquid flow pattern in the volute. The law of velocity variation of viscous liquid flowing through the volute was obtained. There are numerical solutions of the problem concerning of viscous liquid flow in the pump with volute designed for traditional model of non viscous and viscous fluid. The research results are given by means of head-capacity and power input curves. To estimate the results of numerical study the tests were performed on the test stand.


This is a brief report on a part of Chapter 2 of K. Lefèvre's thesis [5]. We sketch a framework for Koszul duality [1] where the Koszul dual algebra is replaced by a coalgebra. This allows us to free ourselves from many assumptions (e.g. finiteness assumptions) and leads to clean statements about equivalences between the derived category and a suitably defined coderived category. These results are related to work by G. Fløystad [2]. Our approach is based on classical developments in topology [6] [4] and inspired by [3].


A Thai traditional medicine called Benjathiposoth has been reported to possess hypotensive activity. The recipe for preparing medication contains 10 types of herbal materials. An acute toxicity study in mice by gavaging the ethanolic extract of Benjathiposoth at single doses of 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 g/kg showed that the extract produced neither abnormal signs nor mortality and its LD50 value was more than 10.0 g/kg, which is approximately 1,000 times greater than the human therapeutic dose. The oral six-month chronic toxicity study of the extract was investigated in 144 Wistar rats divided into six groups (each of 12 per sex). Groups 1 and 2 were control groups given with distilled water orally and 1.0% tragacanth solution respectively. Groups 3 to 6 were experimental groups administered orally extract of Benjathiposoth at doses of 10, 100, 500 and 500 mg/kg/day. After six months, the last group (500-R) was further raised without the extract for two weeks in order to assess reversibility of any adverse effects. The results revealed that the Benjathiposoth extract did not affect growth, food intake, health and behaviors of the test animals. The extract at the doses given caused no significant differences in any hematological parameters between the treatment and control groups. Clinical chemistry assays revealed a significant increase in total serum protein in the female group treated with the highest dose of the extract, which was still within the reference interval of normal rats, whereas other parameters showed no significant deviation from the controls. Histopathology of various visceral organs showed that the male groups receiving the extract at 100 mg/kg and higher have a higher incidence of fatty liver. Moreover, these male groups as well as the 500-R group, had higher incidence of kidney congestion when compared with their corresponding control groups. Nevertheless, no pathological change was found in glomerular and tubular kidneys. The incidence of histopathological findings in some organs did not show any dose dependency; therefore, it was considered as not having been contributed by the extract. In summary, the extract of Benjathiposoth produced no serious acute or chronic toxicity in experimental animals. Key words: Benjathiposoth, acute toxicity, chronic toxicity


Human recombinant interleukin 4 (IL‐4) was studied for its effects on the erythroid burst forming unit (BFU‐E) from human bone marrow cells. IL‐4 alone neither supports nor suppresses the erythropoietin (Epo)‐dependent colony formation. Different results were obtained when IL‐4 was combined with interleukin‐3 (IL‐3) in the presence of Epo. IL‐4 suppressed the IL‐3 supported erythroid colony formation in all cases (an increase of 58 ± 8% with IL‐3 versus an increase of 14 ± 7% with IL‐3 plus IL‐4, n= 8). This antagonizing effect was dependent on the continuous presence of IL‐4 in the culture medium, but was independent of adherent cells. B‐, T‐cells, or the presence of serum in the culture medium. Finally, the effects of IL‐4 and IL‐3 were studied on the 'Epo‐independent'BFU‐E by adding Epo on day 3. A decline of the IL‐3 supported BFU‐E was observed in the presence of IL‐4 but the degree of reduction was equivalent to the results obtained when Epo was supplied at day 0. These findings indicate that IL‐4 acts as suppressive growth factor for the IL‐3 supported erythroid colony formation from human bone marrow cells.


A group of generic radio-frequency-based ultrafast imaging techniques using DANTE principles is reviewed and a new frequency-modulated DANTE (FM DANTE) fast-imaging sequence is discussed together with several application areas developed recently. In the past, the DANTE (delays alternating with nutations for tailored excitation) pulse sequence, based on Fourier transform principles, that were originally developed for solvent suppression in NMR spectroscopy, has been used in motion and flow imaging for tagging purposes. More recently, it has been used for imaging. The major drawback of DANTE fast imaging has been the poor signal-to-noise ratio because of the small excitation profile of DANTE excitation when it is used as an imaging sequence. Several advances have been made in DANTE fast imaging, notably the phase-modulated OUFIS (optimized ultrafast imaging sequence) and FM DANTE. This paper reviews the principles and developments of the DANTE-based, or more generally radio-frequency based, ultrafast imaging techniques, particularly FM DANTE and its applications, such as extended three-dimensional gradient echo imaging, chemical shift imaging, and susceptibility compensation imaging. ©1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson 10: 33–54, 1998


With the recent entry into force of the European Dispute Resolution Directive, the term international double taxation has gained legal relevance. This calls for revisiting the definition of international double taxation. This contribution presents the main approaches in the scholarly literature and demonstrates that the widely accepted definition of international double taxation is imprecise. Considering the function of tax treaties, it should instead be understood as a specific disadvantage to cross-border situations resulting from taxation by two or more states. Thus, neither discrimination by solely one state nor virtual double taxation constitute international double taxation in this context. The opposite is valid for intertemporal double taxation when new treaty rules must be created. The European Dispute Resolution Directive accords with the discrimination approach advocated here and substantiates the requirement of discrimination through three different variants.
International double taxation, dispute resolution directive, juridical double taxation, economic double taxation, virtual double taxation, intertemporal double taxation, credit method, exemption method, single taxation, double non-taxation.


Better-performance wound dressing has substitute for traditional wound healing materials in medical field. This study purposes to prepare high-absorbent composite fabric by compounding Tencel®/high-absorbent nonwoven fabrics and silver nanoparticles antibacterial agent. Nonwoven fabrics with different contents of high-absorbent fibers are discussed in terms of burst property and water absorption. Antibacterial agent is formed using 10 wt% chitosan and 100 mM silver nitrate solution after reaction for 6 h. Result showed that, 30 wt% high-absorbent fibers in nonwoven fabrics had 184 N burst strength and 38 times water absorption. Swelling dynamic result displayed that nonwoven fabric absorbed water within 5 min and water absorption presented saturation condition after 10 min. SEM observations showed that blood cells were attached on the surface of fiber and fibrin was formed around the blood cell after blood absorption evaluation of high-absorbent nonwoven fabrics. Antibacterial evaluations of composite fabrics revealed obvious inhibition zone to E. coli after incorporation of 9.7 mg/mL antibacterial agent.


The theory of the linear response of a single-determinant wavefunction and the associated molecular properties is reviewed briefly, and the current status of the RPAC molecular properties program system is described. The program is capable of calculating electronic excitation energies and intensities and of various analyses of the nature of the excitations with the aid of localized molecular orbitals. In addition, nuclear magnetic shielding tensors can be computed and analyzed in a localized orbital framework. As an example of the program's present capabilities, we present calculations of the nuclear shielding tensors of a series of six-membered aromatic compounds containing one or more nitrogen atoms in the localized orbital-local origin (LORG) method, using extended basis sets. The properties of the shieldings are discussed with the aid of a novel scheme for visualization of tensorial properties.


steroid receptor superfamily ofproteins and review its role in reproductive dei'elopment and function. METHODS: Hde reviewed all pertinent articles that describe structural orJfilictional aspects of SF1. Ve also introduced results obtained recently by our group. RESULTS: Unlike other steroid receptors, SF-1 binds as a monomer to a DNVA response element, which is composed (f an estrogen receptor "half site. " Furthermore, SF1 lacks a specific ligand that is requiredfor either interaction ivith DNA or modulation of its transactivation finction. Steroidogeniicfactor1 is highly expressed in steroid-producing tissues and in gonadotrophs and plays a pivotal role in regulating the expression ofenzymes and hormones essentialfor steroid biosynthesis pathways. A dramatic phenotype was revealed using SF-1 deficient nice: these mice lack gonads and adrenal glands, establishing SF-1 as an essential embryonic regulator ofsteroidogenic organ dei'elopinent. 14hile SFI is requiredfor basal expression of steroidogenic enzymes, its role in hormone-dependent regulation of reproductive finction in vivo is uncertain, but itsfiunction may be subject to modulation by coactivators or corepressors and hormones, as uwell


The effect of Mo addition of Fe50Mn25Ni10Cr15 medium‐entropy alloy (MEA) on its cryogenic mechanical properties is investigated. It is found that the optimized (Fe50Mn25Ni10Cr15)99.5Mo0.5 MEA exposes the yield strength, tensile strength, and ductility of 690 MPa, 1148 MPa, and 63% at 77 K, respectively. Especially, the yield strength increases by 29% after Mo addition. Herein, the solid‐solution strengthening, twinning‐induced plasticity, and transformation‐induced plasticity are beneficial to reveal the high work hardening capability and good strength‐ductility synergy at 77 K. This research can offer guidance for the design of low‐cost and high‐performance MEAs for cryogenic applications.


The Boltzmann Transport Equation (BTE) for phonons is often used to predict thermal transport at submicron scales in semiconductors. The BTE is a seven-dimensional nonlinear integro-differential equation, resulting in difficulty in its solution even after linearization under the single relaxation time approximation. Furthermore, parallelization and load balancing are challenging, given the high dimensionality and variability of the linear systems' conditioning. This work presents a 'synthetic' scalable parallelization method for solving the BTE on large-scale systems. The method includes cell-based parallelization, combined band+cell-based parallelization, and batching technique. The essential computational ingredient of cell-based parallelization is a sparse matrix-vector product (SpMV) that can be integrated with an existing linear algebra library like PETSc. The combined approach enhances the cell-based method by further parallelizing the band dimension to take advantage of low inter-band communication costs. For the batched approach, we developed a batched SpMV that enables multiple linear systems to be solved simultaneously, merging many MPI messages to reduce communication costs, thus maintaining scalability when the grain size becomes very small. We present numerical experiments to demonstrate our method's excellent speedups and scalability up to 16384 cores for a problem with 12.6 billion unknowns.


Abstract Solar co-generation applied in buildings has the advantage of increasing the energy output per unit installed collector area. This paper investigates a centralized photovoltaic and hot-water collector system that can serve as a water pre-heating system for a multistory apartment building in a warm climate region. Collectors are mounted on vertical facades. Electricity generated by the system is consumed by the circulation pumps and the water heaters. The facade integration, together with the heat and electricity co-generation, are features embedding both active and passive solar technology. A numerical model that analyzes its energy performance in an apartment building in Hong Kong is described. The study has been based on practical design requirements. It is estimated that, with the use of amorphous-silicon hybrid collectors which cover two-thirds of the west- and south-facing facades, the system is able to support one-third of the thermal energy required for water heating.


The policy of openness toward immigration from developing countries is strongly debated in the industrialized countries. Existing indicators of immigration policy are however unsatisfactory because they don't allow to assess the restrictiveness or openness of immigration policies of industrialized countries. In this paper we build an indicator of the « revealed » openness policy to migration by computing the difference between the observed migration flows and the « predicted » migration flows that depend on economical, geographical and cultural structural determinants of migration. Using OECD's annual data on migrations, the indicator is built for 21 industrialized countries over the period 1990-2006, allowing us to compare policies between countries and throughout the years. We can now distinguish countries with relatively closed migration policies from those with relatively opened policies. Then, we compare the changes in the indicator with the official changes in the migration policy for some countries over the period 1990-2006.


Composting To Eradicate Fusarium Graminearum From Infested Livestock Feed Investigators: Francis J. Larney, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Centre, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada; T. Kelly Turkington, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Research Centre, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada Objectives: Fusarium head blight, caused by Fusarium graminearum, could potentially become a major concern for Alberta's cereal industry. Infested feed grain in feedlot manure may act as a means of spreading the disease when manure is land-applied. The ability of manure composting to eradicate the pathogen on infested grain (wheat, barley, corn) was evaluated. F. graminearum was rapidly eradicated from infested grains buried in compost windrows with no recovery after 2 d where windrow temperature attained 51°C. Composting represents an effective strategy in mitigating the dissemination of F. graminearum via manure should land application occur on fields that are subsequently used for cereal or corn production.


At the Information Age,the informationazition in businesses is instrumental in enhancing their competitiveness at home and abroad. It also lays a foundation for national economy.Small-and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) have been the main force of economic development in Jiangsu province,therefore,the informationazition is crucial to small-and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) in Jiangsu.However,such problems as inadequate investment and shortage of human resources in this field do exist in Jiangsu,so the government,SMEs and system developers should work together to boost the informationazition in small-and medium-sized enterprises.