Along with the completion and put into service of Baiyin 750 kV project,multilevel electromagnetic loop circuits of 750 kV,330 kV and 220 kV have been existed in Baiyin that may be not propitious for security and stability of power system. According to the network planning of Northwest China Power Grid and structure change of Baiyin 330 kV and 220 kV network,main facts of breaking mode of electro-magnetic loop circuits correspond to every stage has been studied and feasible proposal and solution has been proposed in this paper. On the basis of cost-effectiveness analysis,some reasonable proposal has been put forward for breaking the electro-magnetic loop circuits and the expansion of power grid.


The polytellurium and organotellrium complex are characterized by their unique
structure and used widely. In recent decades the complex of tellurium, a trend in the field of
scattered elements, has been developed rapidly.


T NHE ANLYSIS of religion presented here is only one aspect of a broad cultural study of Ruralville,1 an open-country community in southwestern Tennessee. A modified anthropological approach was followed in securing and analyzing the data. There were approximately 252 families in the community area. Cotton farming is the dominant type of agriculture. Small farms predominate. Though not excessive, tenants are more numerous than owners. With the exception of one Negro family, the population is entirely white. Throughout the study, emphasis was placed on comparison of owners and tenants to present the tenancy problem in its cultural setting. Although no claim is made for the universality of the religious pattern described, some years of residence in the South, combined with a personal interest in religion, leads the author to believe that the complex described is fairly common to many rural communities of the area. I. Magic: Good and Bad Luck Signs. No person in Ruralville would ever dream of associating his belief in good and bad luck signs with religion, yet the belief in signs is closely akin to religious faith. A vague, amorphous conception of a Power which manipulates events for or against the individual is frequently embodied in both. Just how extensively belief in good and bad luck signs controls conduct in the community is not known, but in view of the rather long list of such signs which school children secured from their parents and neighbors, one would suspect that belief in them frequently controls conduct in a subtle and unconscious fashion. "Put 'wish bone' over door," "Set your shoes side by side when you go to bed," and "Good luck for a hen to crow" are illustrative of the good luck signs that are current. Characteristic bad luck signs are: "Bad luck to put your left shoe on first"; "It is bad luck to let any child under the age of one year look in a mirror"; and "If you see a star shoot, it is the sign that some one is dead."2 II. Religious Beliefs: Meaning of Religion. The vague, generalized nature of the people's religious faith was brought out by the question: "Will you make a statement of what religion means to you?"' The answers given and the effort involved in giving them were revealing. To most of those who were asked the question, it came as a surprise. They had no ready answers. Some


This paper presents pre-layout simulation results on a CMOS implementation of a capacitance-to-time converter-based electronic interface for differential capacitive sensors. Its simple architecture, comprising only three operational amplifiers (OA) and a digital mixer (inverted XOR gate) allows, by properly setting the values of seven biasing resistors, to fit the working range anywhere from few fF to hundreds of pF, giving the output quasi-digital signals (T and PW) in the useful μs-ms range (appropriate for direct interfacing with general purposes microcontrollers). A couple of illustrative examples are provided.


This paper is devoted to develop the theory of temporal intuitionistic fuzzy sets. The matrix representation of a TIFS is also introduced for easy symbolization. In addition to a few basic operations, length of a TIFS and its properties are discussed. Morphological operations on temporal intuitionistic fuzzy sets are defined using (i) mathematical operations, (ii) structuring element, (iii) inclusion indicators, and (iv) temporal intuitionistic fuzzy divergence and verified with suitable examples.


Objective:To study the effect of Cu (Ⅱ)_2(acetylsaiicylate)_4 on the inhibition of growth and the induced apoptosis in HCT-116 cells.Methods:The toxicity of Cu(Ⅱ)_2(acetylsalicylate)_4 to HCT-116 cells was detected by MTT assay,and the effect on the induced apoptosis was detected by Fluoroscope and flow eytometer.Results:When HCT-116 cells were treated by Cu (Ⅱ)_2(acetyl-salicylate)_4 for 48h and 72h,the IC_50 were 6.10μmol/L and 4.48μmol/L respec- tively.Nucleus cleavage and apoptotic bodies were observed when HCT-116 cells were treated by Cu (Ⅱ)_2(acetylsalicy- late)_4(10μmol/L) for 24 h;and an obvious subdiploid peak exhibited when HCT-I16 cells were treated by Cu(Ⅱ)_2 (acetylsalicylate)_4 (10μmol/L) for 48 h,trod the rate of apoptosis was 34.1%.Apoptosis was dependent on concentra- tion and time.Conclusion:The results suggest that Cu (Ⅱ)_2(acetylsalicylate)_4 can significantly inhibit the growth of HCT- 116 cells and induce the apoptosis.


[1] The High Lakes Project is a multidisciplinary astrobiological investigation studying high-altitude lakes between 4200 m and 6000 m elevation in the Central Andes of Bolivia and Chile. Its primary objective is to understand the impact of increased environmental stress on the modification of lake habitability potential during rapid climate change as an analogy to early Mars. Their unique geophysical environment and mostly uncharted ecosystems have added new objectives to the project, including the assessment of the impact of low-ozone/high solar irradiance in nonpolar aquatic environments, the documentation of poorly known ecosystems, and the quantification of the impact of climate change on lake environment and ecosystem. Data from 2003 to 2007 show that UV flux is 165% that of sea level with maximum averaged UVB reaching 4 W/m2. Short UV wavelengths (260–270 nm) were recorded and peaked at 14.6 mW/m2. High solar irradiance occurs in an atmosphere permanently depleted in ozone falling below ozone hole definition for 33–36 days and between 30 and 35% depletion the rest of the year. The impact of strong UVB and UV erythemally weighted daily dose on life is compounded by broad daily temperature variations with sudden and sharp fluctuations. Lake habitat chemistry is highly dynamical with notable changes in yearly ion concentrations and pH resulting from low and variable yearly precipitation. The year-round combination of environmental variables define these lakes as end-members. In such an environment, they host ecosystems that include a significant fraction of previously undescribed species of zooplankton, cyanobacterial, and bacterial populations.


We measured woody tissue respiration on boles of desert and montane populations of Pinus ponderosa growing in the Great Basin Desert and on the east-slope of the Sierra Nevada as part of a study of responses of P. ponderosa to global climate change. The differences in temperature and precipitation between desert and montane populations match changes in climate predicted from a doubling of atmospheric CO[sub 2]; therefore, these naturally occurring populations represent the difference between present and future climatic conditions for these trees. Allometric relationships derived previously, indicate that for trees of equal diameter, desert trees predicted that desert trees would have lower Q[sub 10] responses for respiration (increase in respiration with a 10[degrees] increase in temperature) volume was not different between populations (Desert: 3.24; Montane: 3.13 moles m[sup [minus]3] sec[sup [minus]1]). Moreover, between population differences in Q[sub 10] for respiration were not statistically significant (Desert: 2.27; Montane: 2.39). Results suggest that under predicted future climatic conditions increased respiratory losses from woody tissue resulting from increased allocation to sapwood may offset increases in carbon uptake due to enhanced photosynthesis from elevated CO[sub 2].


Received 30 November 2009; revised manuscript received 2 February 2010; published 26 February 2010The deformation mechanisms in Cu-Ni-Cu composite nanowires subjected to uniaxial tensile loading areinvestigated using molecular-dynamics simulations. We particularly explore the coupled effects of geometryand coherent interface on the tendency of nanowires to deform via twins and show pseudoelastic behavior. Itis found that the critical size to exhibit pseudoelasticity in composite nanowires is 5.6 5.6 nm


The sisal stem rot caused by Aspergillus niger is a devastating disease which seriously threats sisal production in China.Inhibition effect of 14 fungicides on Aspergillus niger was measured.The results showed that the EC50 of 50% prochloraz manganese chloride complex WP was the smallest.The sensitivity of pathogen to this fungicide was the highest,and its inhibitory effect was best.The EC50 of 3% polyoxin WP and 40% five nitro badistan WP were smaller,the sensitivity of pathogen to them was higher,and their inhibitory effect was better.The EC50 of 70% topstn-methyl WP was the largest,the sensitivity of pathogen to it was the lowest,and its inhibition effect was the worst,and the cost analysis of these fungicides showed that prochloraz manganese chloride complex 50% WP,3% polyoxin WP and 40% five nitro badistan WP could be applied in the control of the sisal stem rot.


Wayne State University School of Medicine, Departments of Pharmacology (R.R.M., J.T.D., J.J.R.) and Neurology (B.B., J.A.B.), and Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics (J.A.B., M.A.T.), 540 East Canfield Ave, Detroit MI 48201. Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Programs in Molecular Biology and Human Genetics (R.R.M., J.A.K., J.E.N., M.A.T.) and in Proteases (J.J.R.), 110 East Warren Ave, Detroit MI 48201. Wayne State University, Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P.M., J.J.R.) and Environmental Health Sciences Center for Molecular & Cellular Toxicology with Human Applications (R.R.M., J.A.B., M.A.T., J.J.R.), 2727 Second Ave, Detroit MI 48201. JPET Fast Forward. Published on October 20, 2005 as DOI:10.1124/jpet.105.091454


This thesis examines the pervasiveness of nationalistic rhetoric and narratives in soccer-related media. The rhetorical strategies used by commentators, analysts, and fans to fit the United States Men's Nation Team into the myth of American Exceptionalism are analyzed. First, four broadcasted soccer matches in which the United States played Mexico are analyzed, along with the available prematch, halftime, and postmatch studio coverage, in order to explain the growth of an exceptionally American storyline known as the Dos a Cero myth. Afterward, an analysis of fan responses to World Cup-related threads on a popular social media site are analyzed for nationalistic rhetoric and narrative content. This thesis offers insight into the ubiquitous nature of the myth of American Exceptionalism, showing the tactics used by Americans to rhetorically twist the facts to fit their preferred reality of an America that always triumphs in the end.


Turkish and German Metrology Institutes (UME and PTB) performed an intercomparison of 10 mH inductance standards at 1 kHz. The measurements of the thermostatically-controlled transfer standard of PTB were taken by new Maxwell-Wien bridge with a Wagner arm made in UME. Relative difference of UME and PTB measurements on the same standard was found to be 5.10/sup -6/. Results have shown that this type of Maxwell-Wien bridge is capable of producing very precise measurements on standard inductors and promised further developments that will increase the accuracy of the system.


Coccidiosis caused by Eimeria spp. infection can be a serious problem and a significant cause of economic losses in rabbit farms. The aim of the study was to identify the coccidian species and evaluate the variability in prevalence and OPG (oocysts/gram of faeces) number of Eimeria infections in small meat rabbit farms in Poland. To this end, individual faecal samples were collected from animals from 14 different backyard farms and quali-quantitatively analysed by a flotation method (Willis-Schlaaf) and a McMaster technique to assess the presence and the number of Eimeria oocysts per gram of faeces, respectively. In addition, Eimeria oocysts were identified at species level following sporulation. Ten coccidian species were identified, including nine intestinal Eimeria species (E. exigua, E. perforans, E. media, E. magna, E. irresidua, E. coecicola, E. flavescens, E. piriformis, E. intestinalis) and one liver species (E. stiedai). The OPG number showed large fluctuations throughout the year. The highest Eimeria spp. OPG mean number (21100 OPG) was observed in mid-May. The result obtained revealed that the prevalence of rabbit coccidiosis in Poland backyard farms is high and may contribute to the development of effective control programmes.


Submitted for the MAR11 Meeting of The American Physical Society Thermodynamic Analysis of Nanoporous Membrane Separation Processes1 DAVID ROGERS, SUSAN REMPE, Sandia National Laboratories — We give an analysis of desalination energy requirements in order to quantify the potential for future improvements in desalination membrane technology. Our thermodynamic analysis makes it possible to draw conclusions from the vast array of equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations present in the literature as well as create a standardized comparison for measuring and reporting experimental reverse osmosis material efficiency. Commonly employed methods for estimating minimum desalination energy costs have been revised to include operations at positive input stream recovery ratios using a thermodynamic cycle analogous to the Carnot cycle. Several gaps in the statistical mechanical theory of irreversible processes have also been identified which may in the future lead to improved communication between materials engineering models and statistical mechanical simulation. Simulation results for silica surfaces and nanochannels are also presented. 1Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory operated by Sandia Corporation, a subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation, for the U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration under contract DE-AC0494AL85000. David Rogers Sandia National Laboratories Date submitted: 19 Nov 2010 Electronic form version 1.4


The solubilities of ofloxacin, norfloxacin, lomefloxacin, ciprofloxacin, pefloxacin, and pipemidic acid in water have been determined experimentally from (293.15 to 323.15) K. The experimental data were correlated with the modified Apelblat equation. The calculated results show good agreement with the experimental data.


In Computer Vision the ability to recognize objects in the presence of occlusions is a necessary requirement for any shape representation method. In this paper we investigate how the size function of an object shape changes when a portion of the object is occluded by another object. More precisely, considering a set X = A[ B and a measuring function ϕ on X, we establish a condition so that '(X;j) = '(A;jjA) + '(B;jjB) '(A\B;jjA\B). The main tool we use is the Mayer-Vietoris sequence of Cech homology groups. This result allows us to prove that size functions are able to detect partial matching between shapes by showing a common subset of cornerpoints.


The present paper introduces the construction of Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation based sequences having a zero-correlation zone. For a zero-correlation zone sequence set of N sequences, each of length L, the cross-correlation function and the side lobe of the autocorrelation function of the proposed sequence set is zero for the phase shifts τ within the zero-correlation zone z, such that |τ| ≤ z (τ ≠ 0 for the autocorrelation function). The ratio N(z+1) over ℓ is theoretically limited to one. When the ratio of a sequence set is equal to one, the sequence set is called an optimal zero-correlation sequence set. The proposed zero-correlation zone sequence set can be generated from an arbitrary Hadamard matrix of order n. First, the proposed sequence set is generated as a set of 4n sequences of length 8n with the zero-correlation zone z = 1. The length of the proposed sequence set can be extended by sequence interleaving, where m times interleaving can generate the 4n sequences, each of length 2m+3n. The proposed sequence set is optimal for m = 0,1 and almost optimal for m > 1.


Abstract This essay addresses the question posed by Brian Victoria's description of "moral blindness" in twentieth-century Japanese Zen masters by claiming that since Zen monastic training does not include practices of reflection that cultivate the moral dimension of life, skill in this dimension of human character was not considered a fundamental or necessary component of Zen enlightenment. The essay asks what an enlightened moral sensitivity might require, and concludes in challenging the Zen tradition to consider reengaging the Mahayana Buddhist practices of reflection out of which Zen originated in order to assess the possible role of morality in its thought and practice of enlightenment. This essay responds to Brian Victoria's critique of Zen social ethics by attempting to answer his question about Japanese Zen masters before and during the Second World War: how could they seemingly act without moral conviction in confronting the crisis of their time? How could Zen "enlightenment" manifest itself in anything less than morally admirable actions? By assessing the role of morality in Zen tradition, the paper considers how the Zen tradition might extend itself in response to the moral impasse that these questions bring to light. Although himself a fully ordained Zen priest in the Japanese tradition, Victoria's publications have shaken the world of Zen in Japan and in the West. His books aspire to document how Zen masters became advocates of Japanese military values, co-opted by the Japanese government into rationalizing the militarization of Japanese society in the 1930s and 40s by proclaiming the "unity of Zen and war." (1) Beyond this willingness to construct ideological links between military aggression and the teachings of Zen, Victoria describes how certain acclaimed Zen masters showed "complete and utter indifference to the pain and suffering of the victims of Japanese aggression." (2) He asks how it was possible that acknowledged Zen masters had witnessed "what were so clearly war atrocities committed against Chinese civilians, young and old, without having confronted the moral implications of (...) this mindless brutality." (3) Some have responded to this critique of twentieth-century Japanese Zen by saying that those who demonstrated such "moral blindness" were obviously not enlightened--they were not true Zen masters. (4) Given the sheer numbers of authenticated Zen masters whose actions in the war fit this pattern, however, and the scarcity of those who can be held up as exemplars, this response is inadequate. In my judgment, a more honest and historically disciplined conclusion would be that these Zen masters were indeed "enlightened" according to the tradition's own criteria, but that, by these internal, defining criteria, Zen enlightenment has tended not to include a substantial moral dimension. This understanding will of course be counterintuitive for many of us because by "enlightenment" we want to mean an attainment of human excellence that is comprehensive and complete. That desire, however--to interpret particular concepts of enlightenment in terms of contemporary ideals--undermines our efforts to understand them historically. Historically considered, every attainment of enlightenment, like everything else human, has a particular character, one that takes different forms in different settings, cultures, and epochs. And in Zen, enlightenment has often been conceived and experienced in a way that does not include morality as a substantial or central element. This is not to say, of course, that Zen masters are necessarily immoral, or even amoral. No doubt some masters in Zen history have been moral exemplars in their communities. But I conclude, following Tom Kasulis, Chris Ives, and others, that this is not directly attributable to their Zen training so much as it is to their participation in the traditions of East Asian Confucian morality, as well as to the moral teachings of the broader Chinese Buddhist tradition. …


The utility model discloses a rotary stand of a chair conveying line. The rotary stand is characterized by comprising a pedestal, a bracing frame and a conveying assembly; the conveying assembly is fixed to the bracing frame; a driving device for driving the bracing frame to rotate is disposed between the pedestal and the bracing frame; and a balance device for keeping the bracing frame rotating in a balanced manner is also disposed between the pedestal and the bracing frame. The driving device is adopted to drive the bracing frame to rotate on the pedestal, the conveying assembly is mounted on the bracing frame, and the balance device for keeping the bracing frame rotating in a balanced manner is disposed between the bracing frame and the pedestal. Through the above technical solution, the rotary stand has the following advantages: goods that are being conveyed can be swerved without an increase of workload of workers, and the balance device is employed to ensure that the bracing frame keeps balanced during rotation.


Samples of human blood-lymphocytes from patients with cancer, multiple sclerosis or cerebral haemorrhage were separated on a discontinuous Ficoll gradient. Six to eight fractions were obtained in which one or two fractions contained a large number of small lymphocytes. The fractions were incubated with encephalitogenic factor or tumour antigen and guinea-pig macrophages, after which the macrophages' electrophoretic mobility (EMR) was measured. The fractions with a density between 1·075 and 1·090, and containing a high percentage of small lymphocytes, produced a significant EMR in these patients and it was concluded that the cells responsible for cellular immunological activity were also responsible for reductions in the electrophoretic mobility.


space. Having established the connection between Paris and the category of abstract space in terms of the relation between city and planner, we may now move on to consider how the city itself fulfills Lefebvre's characterization. First and foremost for the theorist, abstract space is intensely political – not just as a setting, but also as a political object itself. In its abstract form, space is produced "according to the viewpoint of strategy." (Lefebvre 1991 312) Heavily administered, it comprises the spatialization of state interests and agendas. This aspect of the production of abstract space is easily identified in Haussmann's redevelopment of the city. Most scholarship on the subject situates the prevention of rebellion at the center of the Empire's objectives. This goal, no doubt, was warranted by history: "Eight times between 1827 and 1849 barricades had been thrown up in the streets of Paris, always in the crowded eastern half of the city, and on three occasions they had been the prelude to revolution." (Pinkney 36) The width of Haussmann's boulevards, as well as the materials used (asphalt in place of easily removed cobblestones), were clearly informed by to other considerations as well, but such choices nonetheless made barricade-construction considerably more difficult. Haussmann's destruction of vast swaths of eastern Paris, uprooting thousands of the city's working-class inhabitants, can be similarly understood: apolitical justification masked political motivations. The political content of Haussmannization is even more apparent in the planner's attention to the actual or evoked presence of structures of power, namely the church and the state. To walk in Haussmann's Paris is to be confronted by the overwhelming presence of both. At times, this consideration clearly took precedence


This paper proposes a new cooling method which integrates steam and air for gas turbine vane cooling with the aim to solve the problem of a very high thermal load at the trailing edge region of a steam-cooled gas turbine vane. The influence of coolant inlet conditions on the temperature and cooling effectiveness distribution of the experimental vane surface has been investigated in a hot wind tunnel test facility with a three-vane cascade. The test vane external aerodynamic and heat transfer were investigated experimentally and numerically. Two improved arrangement of cooling working fluid flow direction were designed to reduce the temperature gradient along the vane height. The following conclusions can be made: the thermal load at the trailing edge region is reduced for this integrated air and steam cooled gas turbine vane; the surface temperature uniformity is improved. Under an optimal thermal physical parameters of the cooling fluids, the cooling effectiveness of the trailing edge region and the leading edge region are 50% and 55%, respectively; the cooling effectiveness of the mid chord region is the highest and reaches 67%; The cooling method and structure have more influence on the cooling effectiveness compared with the cooling fluids inlet conditions.


The author of the article considered the experience of urbanization of the regions of the Far North-East of Russia. The transformations taking place with urban settlements in the Magadan Oblast and the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug under the influence of socio-economic factors were analyzed.


Field experiment was conducted to know the efficacy of plant products viz.,Neem oil 3.0%, Illupai oil 3.0%, Neem cake Extract (NCE) 5.0%, Neem Seed Kernel Extract (NSKE) 5.0%, Eucalyptus Leaf Extract 5.0%, Acacia holosericia leaf extract 5.0% as well as NSKE combined with half dose of monocrotophos 0.025%, chlorpyriphos 0.025%, endosulfan 0.035% in comparison with conventional insecticides,endosulfan 0.07% and dichlorvos 0.08% against the spotted pod borer, Maruca vitrata (Geyer) in short duration pigeonpea APK 1 during Kharif 2004 and 2005 at National Pulses Research Centre, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Vamban. The results showed that Neem oil 3.0% and NSKE 5.0% were found effective in reducing the larval population and obtaining higher yields, followed by the NSKE combined with half dose of insecticides. However, the conventional insecticides endosulfan 0.07% and dichlorvos 0.08% were superior to all other treatments.


Objective To assess revascularization and vessel anastomosis in digital replantations with DSA.Methods Twelve cases of digital replantations underwent digital subtract angiography during 2 to 4 days after fingers reattachment. The vessel anastomosis,hemodynamics,stenosis and discontinuation were investigated.The unobstructed and smooth anastomosis was suggested as early stage survival of the reattached fingers,the spasm and stenosis of the reattached vessels were considered as mild vascular crisis,and the discontinuation of hemodynamics were indicated as severe vascular crisis.Results The total 27 vessels were clearly displayed on DSA.Of these vessels,23 vessels were unobstructed and smooth,all digits were survived.Diagnosis coincidence of early stage survival was 100%(23/23). Two vessels were obstructed,which were testified having thrombus by operation research.The other 2 vessels were spasm,the digits were also survived ultimately by expectant treatment.All 4 abnormal vessel anatomosis were found by DSA.Conclusion DSA is important modality in assessing revascularization and blood circulation for digital replantations,guiding in dealing with the vascular crisis,and in predicting early stage survival of the reattached digits.

Key words:
Anatomosis; surgical; Angiography; digital subtraction; Arteries; Veins


3D ultrasound tomography is effective in breast, orthopedic and pediatric scenarios. However, the images often rely on 2D arrays which are difficult to manufacture and can have 'dead' elements. It is desirable to have a criterion to distinguish useable from unusable arrays a priori. Isolated dropouts can be easily ameliorated by using spline interpolation to 'remove' them and is standard procedure. If there are many dropouts in one row, or if a whole column is missing the interpolation may fail and the array may be unusable. We establish quantitative estimates of dropout effects in a 2D array used with 3D ultrasound tomography using a cross section of breasts.


While migration has become emblematic of an era of accelerated globalization in Ireland, public and political discourse rarely approaches migration and migrant lives with the same attention to connexity and flow evident in discussions of economic transformation, national 'brand management', and the banal and aspirational transnationalism of consumerist lifestyles, investment opportunities and privileged mobilities. Concomitantly, while discussions of diaspora in Ireland have shifted from the Robinson-era rehabilitation of transnational affect and historical bonds to considerations of the 'Global Irish' as a diasporic network of expertise, investment, and political and cultural capital (Boyle and Kitchin, 2008), the transnational connections inhabited by those moving to and dwelling in Ireland are largely disavowed in policy and official discourse. By way of example, the government strategy document on integration, Migration Nation (2008), invokes a titular concept suggesting transformative change while proceeding to discuss the integration of 'minority ethnic communities' without a single reference to the transnational socioscapes within which such communities are embedded, contested, reworked and evaded. Undoubtedly, the varying intensities with which the nationalist horizon of 'integration' is pressed, and the insistent sense of migrants as 'needed but unwanted' (Appadurai, 1996), serves to frame these connexities as potential barriers to integration. Axiomatically, perspectives committed to the legitimate presence and belonging of migrants in the nation-state may also pay attenuated attention to these dimensions in an era when migrant transnationalisms have become the focus of what William Walters (2004) terms 'domopolitics'; a politics of protecting the national home from bad, inutile or suspicious mobilities.


The first two insulator units at line end of UHV insulator string without corona rings bear extremely uneven voltage stress of about 14.4%and 11.1% respectively. The size and cover depth of corona rings of UHV suspension porcelain insulator stings were calculated by electric-network method. The results showed that for a better voltage distribution, the stray capacitance between corona ring and insulators should be large enough within limit of 33 F to obtain best distribution, which appeared when corona rings were installed at 3-unit-long cover depth at both ends of insulator string. It is suggested that triangle cup tower should be chose in engineering practice to minimize unconsistency of voltage distribution between string of 3 phases.


Changes in road conditions and friction wheel slip can result in the vehicle causing inconvenience to the user of the vehicle. To overcome this it is necessary to control the vehicle to slip in a state of minimal slip. In this study developed a method of control of the Direct Torque Control (DTC) in the three-phase induction motor is used as a vehicle to haul truck. By looking at the methods of the selected settings existing sliding mode method to overcome the problem of slip that occurs on the vehicle. DTC method is used to set the torque value directly, while the sliding mode method is used to regulate and minimize slippage that occurs in the vehicle. Simulations conducted in this research. The results of the simulation study shows that the method of sliding mode controller can minimize the slip according to setpoin 0.2. Slip the resulting values are in the range of provisions that slip occurs in a vehicle with a value of μ = 0 to μ = 1.


This chapter explores the responsibilities of sober people for intoxicated people. It first explores general duties created by relationships and employment law. It then examines responsibilities in two specific contexts: university tragedies in which students, often because of peer pressure, die from alcohol poisoning, and insurance cases in which intoxicated people or their heirs sue their insurers for damages incurred while drunk. In general, absent extreme circumstances, courts place liability with the intoxicated and not people around them. Although some of these outcomes might be attributable to specific legal doctrines or facts, the cases nevertheless stand in contrast with social science literature that finds that people in Japan tend to place responsibility for behavior with groups and circumstances, not individuals.


one specific, would the present reviewer be inclined to differ with this first-rate study. It is difficult to accept the author's contention that the Prussian experience in bureaucratic, aristocratic, and autocratic rulership was &dquo;on the whole representative of general European trends.&dquo; Notwithstanding the claims of area research, there is precious little parallel between the Prussian experience and that of the West. This is precisely the key to the tragedy-the yawning chasm between &dquo;the German


Surface wettability of living mammalian cells is
important for many physiological processes including adhesion of
bacterial and cancer cells to tissue surfaces. We employ contact
angle measurements with polymeric aqueous two-phase systems (ATPS)
to develop a method which will help to characterize wettability of
cell layers. Living cells grown to a confluent monolayer are
immersed in the lighter aqueous phase. A drop of the denser phase
is dispensed to form a sessile drop on cells. The asymmetry of the
drop due to roughness of the cells layer and the lack ofreflection
of the drop on the surface hinders using conventional drop shape
methods to determine contact angles from the drop image. Thus, we
develop a numerical module that employs a series of image
processing techniques to extract the drop profile, fit polynomials,
and apply statistical criteria to resolve contact angles. We
demonstrate the utility of this approach to determine contact
angles on cell monolayers.


Retinal defects evolving whole neural layers in the macular area especially in the fovea are being called macular hole (idiopathic macular hole; IMH). It causes painless central visual loss and deterioration of vision that is called metamorphopsia. Antero-posterior dynamic forces (vitreomacular traction; VMT) caused by tangential tractional vectors of the prefoveal vitreous cortex and progression to full-thickness macular hole due to weakening of the inner retinal layers are attributed for the etiology of macular hole. IMH is seen frequently unilaterally in females and patients > 65 years of age. An approach for IMH treatment, aiming to release the traction and closure of the macular hole by pharmacological vitreolysis is the use of ocriplasmin, which is a plasmin derivative. To release the synechia on the vitreomacular interface and to normalize the abnormalities of the retinal surface are the aims of IMH surgery. Besides, vitreoretinal surgery constitutes suitable conditions for the closure of the hole. Separation and detachment of the posterior hyaloid, core vitrectomy, removal of the peripheral vitreous, and Internal Limiting Membran (ILM) peeling are the standard stages of the classic IMH surgery. Condition of the other eye, presence of Epiretinal Membran (ERM), hole width, patient's age, and quality of life are important factors when evaluating the patients. Ocriplasmin alternative must be kept in mind in holes smaller than 400 μ especially if VMT is existent. IMH is such a pathology that can be treated successfully by vitrectomy and ILM peeling at the present situation.


This application discusses payments for vehicle parts products that will be carried out through an Android-based point of sale application that uses barcodes as prices and information about goods, own selling points in the business world, POS can also be said to be cashiers at the time of buying and selling transactions, at Point application of sale can also print transaction notes. This application discusses product payments consisting of vehicle parts that will be carried out through the application of sales points based on Andoid that uses barcodes as access to prices and information on goods, Barcode itself is an information storage technology in the form of a line arrangement with certain arrangements and patterns that can be used in a product consists of goods to identify the name, price and some information about the product. In this final project the Android-based point of sale application will discuss this barcode by using a camera so that it can decode the information in it and it will be processed in the transaction process.


The present study provides a theoretical investigation on pioneering advantage based on reference dependence and loss aversion effect under prospect theory (Kahneman and Tversky, 1979). Behavioral explanations for pioneering advantage are provided from two different perspectives: one based on the prototypicality and the other on the utility uncertainty of the option. A pioneer brand creates the product category and makes a strong impression in customers' mind, and thus becomes the most representative or prototypical option of the category. In addition, the pioneer brand becomes the first option to be experienced by the majority of consumers in the product category, thus has the lowest level of utility uncertainty compared with the late movers. This study integrates the previous accounts for pioneering advantage by showing that consumers have higher preferences for the most prototypical and the least uncertain option based on loss aversion and reference dependence effect. This study suggests that firms should carefully analyze the consumers' loss aversion and perceived uncertainty and prototypicality of their products in order to develop effective market entry strategies.


The goal in this paper is to find closed form solutions for linear recurrence equations, by transforming an input equation L to an equation Ls with known solutions. The main problem is how to find a solved equation Ls to which L can be reduced. We solve this problem by computing local data at singularities, data that remains invariant under the transformations used.


The use of Government "Tsars" - experts brought in to advise Ministers on particular policy areas – has exploded in recent years, with the current Government appointing over 100 since coming to office in May 2010. Here, Ruth Levitt and William Solesbury show that the role of these "Tsars" is ill-defined and poorly recorded, and conclude that they fail to meet the standards of proper democratic accountability..


A new family of attitudinal discrete choice models is proposed by considering the attitudinal character and the weight vector, both of which are specific to a decision maker (DM). Given the attribute values of different alternatives, the proposed models give varying choice probabilities, as per the DM's‐specific attitudinal character and the weight vector. It is also shown that the conventional discrete choice models are the special cases of the proposed attitudinal models. The proposed choice models are also generalized through an additional parameter to add to their capabilities. An application on real data is included to demonstrate their usefulness in the real world.


Abstract : Epoxy and ionic conducting poly(ethylene oxide)-salt complexes form inter-penetrating polymer networks. The co-continuity of the two phases are tested independently using mechanical and electrical measurements. Examination of the network using transmission electron microscopy suggests that the size scale of the phases ranges from 0.1 to 0.5 microns.


Abstract The effect of traffic signs in the driving behavior is not fully understood yet. The knowledge of humans' cognitive processing of the meaning of traffic signs will improve response time to those signs and the decision making carried out by drivers. Literature shows that signs – that are not-well designed – produce counterproductive effects on movement. This study sounds out which are precisely the Ecuadorian, informative traffic signs more cognitive ergonomic for participants and classify them by using the criteria of representativity, univocity and numbers of errors provoked by them. Doing so, it can be detected which traffic signs need to be redesigned. The economic, social and psychological consequences of car accidents are enough important to carry out this study, which aims to increase road safety.


In this day and age we are accustomed to our way of living and telling people to change their lifestyle is one of the most significant challenges we as humans must face if we keep exploiting our planet. Therefore, Architecture could serve as a means to change the ideology of humans to facilitate a more eco-friendly living style. Architecture is mostly seen as a profession of aesthetics, where we as architects want to create something that show-cases a building's true beauty. But what is beauty? Isn't aesthetics something subjective? How do we need to think about our buildings when we're talking about the environmental crisis? Daniel Jauslin states in the of sustainable architecture book that ends up being a matter of subjective preference disconnected from the context of the natural condition. The matters of subjectivity and preference and the resulting lack of perception focused on the natural condition, have everything to do with the aesthetics of architecture." natural buildings design. architects must their design choices as every choice can have a certain impact on the building's footprint. Thus, to advance us into a more sustainable architecture Jauslin playing up the polemics of opposition between sustainability and the avant-garde will not lead to a resolution. Rather, a renewed environmental consciousness may be triggered with an aesthetic sensitivity toward the natural environment that provides the context for each piece of architecture, developed in tandem with a wider understanding of the human dimensions and aesthetics qualities implemented in the built en-vironment." 2011) Meaning we need to change our process of design to ensure that we have a more integrated design where we do not see sustainability as a restriction of our design freedom but as a new path to design with materials in mind.


The previous article in this series presented rhetorical analysis as a tool for analyzing the Bible. A six-step procedure was adopted and the first four steps were discussed. 1. Determine the rhetorical unit to be studied, which corresponds to the pericope in form criticism. (Obviously the unit in this study is the Epistle to the Galatians.) 2. Define the rhetorical situation of the unit. This roughly corresponds to the Sitz im Leben of form criticism. (The situation in Galatia that called forth Paul's epistle is the entry into the region of Jewish Christian teachers, apparently from Jerusalem or elsewhere in Judea, who advocated the long-held Jewish model of Gentile attachment to Israel by becoming proselytes. Perhaps they questioned Paul's credentials and appealed to the Jerusalem apostles. They taught that Gentile Christians must be "Judaized" if they were to become a part of God's people I Gal. 2:141.) 3. Determine the one overriding rhetorical problem that may be present and particularly visible at the beginning of the discourse. (The rhetorical problem that functions as an organizing principle for Galatians is twofold: Paul was responding to the two problems created by the Judaizers regarding the Galatians' identity and their behavior as the people of God. Should they adopt Jew-


Moviken-SLE I is part of the Moviken group of companies. that specializes in the dissemination of passenger information on the web, by mobile phones and by dedicated signs at stops and stations. The cartographic skills complement the groups' electronic design capability and allows to present a range of highly innovative products relevant to both transport operators and organizing authorities. The products are designed to make public transport services easier to use for the most important people, the passengers. The itransports.fr web-site and Navibus on-vehicle equipment are particularly noteworthy


Pursuant to result of observation, attainment of result learn student a long way off from what expected, that is in course of study of teacher more is predominating. Study method which tend to to take place one way generally from teacher to student, while student tend to only hearing and is passive. Intention of this research is to mendeskripsikan of is make-up of result learn IPA aspect of afektif, psikomotor and cognate by using method of Question Student Have in Class of V SD Country 04 Lembah Melintang. Type Research the used is Research Of Action Class ( PTK). its Subjek Research that is Class student of V SD Country 04 Athwart Dale with amount 24 student. Instrument used to obtain;get data in this research [is] aspect student observation sheet of afektif and of psikomotor, teacher observation sheet, sheet of tes field note and. Pursuant to result of research known by percentage mean result of learning aspect student of afektif at cycle of I equal to 49,31%, cycle of II become 77,95%, meaning happened the make-up of that is 75%, aspect of psikomotor at cycle of I equal to 41,15 , cycle of II become 80,21%, happened improvement 75% and cognate aspect, cycle of I equal to 56,25% and cycle of II mount to become 78,75%, happened improvement 75%. From result of research concluded that by using method of Question Student Have in class of V SD Country 04 Lembah Melintang of study of IPA can improve result learn aspect student of afektif, psikomotor and is cognate. Pursuant to result of research, suggested by teacher apply method of Question Student Have better in study of IPA as according to taught items  Keyword : Result Learn, Question Student Have


We describe how an index table for a finite field can be constructed easily by hand, provided that a primitive polynomial for that field is given. Let q be a prime number and let n be a positive integer. Addition in the finite field Fqn of qn elements is very easy if one views it as an n-dimensional vector space over Fq (the integers modulo q). Likewise, multiplication in Fqn is very easy as its multiplicative group F*n is cyclic. In order to illustrate arithmetic in Fqn, involving both operations, most undergraduate algebra texts use the representation of Fqn as the factor ring of Fq [x] modulo the principal ideal generated by the minimal polynomial of Fqn over Fq. Certainly, this illuminates the concept of factor rings, but actual computations can become tedious, as reduction modulo the ideal requires long division. A very useful tool for finite field arithmetic is an index table. Before we explain this, let us briefly recall some theory of finite fields. As F*n is cyclic, every nonzero b E Fqn can be written as a power b = ai of a generator a of that group, with a unique integer exponent 0 < i < qn _ 1. This exponent is called the index of the element b, denoted by i = ind,, (b). Such a generator a is a called a primitive element of Fqnl; it is a root (in Fqn) of a primitive polynomial f (x) E Fq [x]. Conversely, every root of a primitive polynomial is a primitive element. Suppose that we are given a primitive polynomial f (x) for Fqn over Fq. Then we can tie together the multiplicative structure of Fqn with its additive structure. We fix a root a of f, and the former is just the cyclic group generated by a. The latter is a vector space, having a basis B = I 1, a, ... ., an-l1 . So every nonzero field element can be viewed as a power of a and as a linear combination of powers of a with coefficients in Fq, The index table establishes the correspondence, listing for every exponent 0 < i < qn _ 1 (as a column) the coordinates of the vector ai with respect to B. It works like a logarithm table, as the exponentiation laws for rings imply that ind,x (b . c) = ind,x (b) + ind,x (c). Hence, all arithmetic in Fqnl becomes easy: addition is vector addition modulo q, and multiplication is carried out using the table. But where do we get the index table from? For example, the standard reference for finite fields conveniently contains nearly four pages of index tables [3, pp. 546-549]. However, we can construct our own tables very easily by hand (if n and q are not too large), provided that we know a primitive polynomial f of Fqn over Fq. This construction is the aim of this Note. The reference [3] contains many primitive polynomials, too. Before we illustrate the method, let us make the notion of an index table precise:


Hard X-ray spectra of black hole binaries in the low/hard state are well modeled by thermal Comptonization of soft seed photons by a corona-type region with $kT$\thinspace$\sim 50${\thinspace}keV and optical depth around 1. Previous spectral studies of 1E{\thinspace}1740.7$-$2942, including both the soft and the hard X-ray bands, were always limited by gaps in the spectra or by a combination of observations with imaging and non-imaging instruments. In this study, we have used three rare nearly-simultaneous observations of 1E{\thinspace}1740.7$-$1942 by both XMM-Newton and INTEGRAL satellites to combine spectra from four different imaging instruments with no data gaps, and we successfully applied the Comptonization scenario to explain the broadband X-ray spectra of this source in the low/hard state. For two of the three observations, our analysis also shows that, models including Compton reflection can adequately fit the data, in agreement with previous reports. We show that the observations can also be modeled by a more detailed Comptonization scheme. Furthermore, we find the presence of an iron K-edge absorption feature in one occasion, which confirms what had been previously observed by Suzaku. Our broadband analysis of this limited sample shows a rich spectral variability in 1E{\thinspace}1740.7$-$2942 at the low/hard state, and we address the possible causes of these variations. More simultaneous soft/hard X-ray observations of this system and other black-hole binaries would be very helpful in constraining the Comptonization scenario and shedding more light on the physics of these systems.


As in many other countries, in Bangladesh there is an increasing public dissatisfaction with the medical profession. In the observation of the researcher, this dissatisfaction is not due to the lack of clinical competence but due to problems of communication. A qualitative survey was done to find out the extent to which the intern doctors display communication skills. The study was conducted among 25 intern doctors of Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Bangladesh by using three sets of research instruments. The results indicated that intern doctors were very poor in communicating with their patients during history-taking. The major incompetences observed in communication skills during history-taking were: exploring patients' psychosocial concerns, providing empathy, discussing patients' personal issues and beginning and ending interviews. Other deficit areas identified were lack of warmth towards the patient, failure to keep the patient to relevant matters and the use of poor question styles during history-taking. The identified areas of deficit in competences in the sample can help to derive a prioritized checklist to organize the course content of communication skills training for history-taking in Bangladesh.


Abstract : Procedures have been developed for preparing ferroelectric film samples for electrical and radiation characterization. The procedures discussed herein focus on quick turnaround of samples and the ability to handle a number of different kinds of ferroelectric materials and substrates. New methods of defining the sputtered platinum electrodes and attaching the sample die to suitable packages are also discussed. Techniques have been developed for preparing ferroelectric films for electrical characterization studies and radiation hardness assessments. In recent years, considerable interest has been rekindled in the use of these ferroelectric materials in nonvolatile memory applications. The evaluation of such characteristics as dielectric constant, coercive field, remanent polarization, fatigue , retention, and radiation hardness are especially critical to assessing the use of these materials in nonvolatile memories intended for Army advanced electronics systems. Evaluating many different samples given time is of particular importance, since no single ferroelectric material has not yet emerged as the optimum material for nonvolatile memory applications, and many different material samples must therefore be studied.


The effects of temperature and humidity on the amylase activity in flue-cured tobacco during curing were experimented.The results showed that: 1) in the curing process,for leaves in a fresh state,there were two peaks on amylase activity curve,one at 36℃,when the amylase activity was the highest,another at 38℃;for leaves in a wilted state,the amylase activity was highest at 38℃;for leaves in a minor curl state,the amylase activity increased with the increase of temperature,when the temperature was in the range of 37℃-40℃;2) when the temperature was at 38℃ and the difference between dry and wet bulb temperatures was in the range of 3℃-1.5℃(RH79%-89%),fresh leaves maintained higher amylase activity,after that the activity descended quickly with the increase of relative humidity.When the temperature was at 40℃,and the dry and wet bulb temperature difference was in the range of 3℃-2℃(RH80%-86%),the amylase activity in wilted leaves was higher,it decreased slightly when the said temperature difference was less than 1.5℃;for leaves in a state of minor curl the amylase activity(increased) gradually with the rise of relative humidity.


Surveys for lobster larvae in offshore waters of the north-eastern Gulf of Maine in 1983, 1987 and 1989 confirm that local hatching occurs mainly at depths <100 m over the banks, including Georges and Browns Banks. Detailed studies in the vicinity of Georges Bank in late July of both 1987 and 1989 indicate that the first and second moult stages were located primarily over the bank whereas stages III and IV lobster were collected both over and off the bank. At times stage IV lobster were more abundant off the bank than over it. The condition of stage III and IV lobster, as measured by a lipid index, was better off than over Georges Bank in 1988 and 1989 indicating a possible physiological advantage to being off the bank. In addition, the higher surface temperatures off Georges Bank would shorten larval development time to settlement. To determine the probable hatch sites of stage IV lobster collected off of Browns Bank in 1983 and off of Georges in 1987 and 1989, a 3-D circulation model of the Gulf of Maine was used to simulate larval lobster drift backwards in time. In all cases, areas off Cape Cod, MA, and off Penobscot Bay, ME were suggested as the source of the larvae, although most of the larval trajectories never reached these near-shore waters that are well-known, larval hatching areas. The model-projected larval release times match most closely the observed inshore hatch off Massachusetts but model uncertainties mean that coastal Maine cannot be ruled out as a source. Georges Bank is also a potential source because the present model does not take into account short-term wind events, off-bank eddy transport or the possibility of directed off-bank larval swimming. Examination of weather records prior to and during our 1988 and 1989 sampling periods indicates that winds were not of sufficient intensity and duration to induce larval transport off Georges Bank. The shedding of eddies from the northern flank of Georges Bank into the Gulf of Maine are a relatively common phenomenon during summer but not enough is known about them to evaluate their contribution to possible cross-bank transport of lobster larvae. Directed larval swimming is another possible source for the stage IV lobster found near Georges Bank. Plankton distributions across the northern frontal zone of Georges Bank in 1988 were used as proxies for the scarce larval lobsters. The more surface distribution of the microplankton, in particular, supports the possibility that wind and eddy events may be important in the transport of stage III and IV lobsters off of Georges Bank. Further studies are needed to evaluate these possible additional sources of advanced stage lobster larvae found off of the offshore banks.


Two sera,which recognize 230 000 BP antigen and 160 000 BP antigen respectively,were selected by Western blot.Twenty two skin pieces which were taken from different areas of cadavers were tested with the above sera by IIF.The results showed that there were regional variations on the expression of 230 000 antigen and 160 000 antigen.The concentration of 230 000 antigen was highest in the skin of upper chest,abdomen and the flexor aspect of thigh,and lowest in the scalp and planta.The concentration of 160 000 antigen was highest in the skin of upper chest and the abdomen,and lowest in the scalp and neck.There was hardly any difference on the same area between the two antigenic expression,but 230 000 antigen was markedly expressed than 160 000 antigen in several areas.The regional variation of BP antigens reVeals some relation with the predilection of skin lesions in different areas.The regional variation of the target antigens may be a significant cause for disease specific distribution of skin lesions of autoimmune dermatoses.

Key words:
Pemphigoid,bullous; Antigens,bullous pemphigoid


Gamma ray source detection above 30 TeV is an encouraging approach for finding galactic cosmic ray sources. All sky survey for gamma ray sources using wide field of view detector is essential for population accumulation for various types of sources above 100 GeV. In order to target those goals, a large air shower particle detector array of 1 km2 (the LHAASO project) at 4300 m a.s.l. is proposed. By adding two MagicII-type telescopes in the array as proposed, LHAASO will be enhanced in source morphologic investigation power. The proposed array will be utilized also for energy spectrum measurement for individual cosmic ray species above 30 TeV. By re-configuring the wide field of view telescopes into fluorescence light detector array, the aperture of the detector array can be enlarged to cover an energy region above 100 PeV where the second knee is located. Cosmic ray spectrum and composition will be measured in order to transfer an energy scale to ultra high energy cosmic ray experiments.


424 The scientists at Mexico isolated allyl, benzyl, 2-phenylethyl and phenyl isothiocyanates in a ratio of 1:3.5:5.3:9.6, respectively, in cabbage leaves through solid phase microextraction and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The same proportion was used to prepare an isothiocyanate mixture from reagent grade isothiocyanates (MCIT) to test the effect on Alternaria alternata growth in vitro. Application of 0.28 and 0.56 mg/ml of MITC, with or without More recently attention has been turned to microorganisms as sources of insecticidal compounds with the overmectins being an example of insecticidal microorganisms derived compounds with significant commercial potential. Another group of tremor inducing compounds, the territrems have also been isolated from the fungus Aspergillus terreus. The insecticidal properties of compounds derived from these fungi have prompted the examination of moulds for new insecticidal compounds. The preponderance of moulds, most especially the aspergilli and penicilli in the environment provides an adequate means of their utilization as a cheap source of biological agent for studies on the production of bioinsecticides. In addition to their high sporulation rate, their ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions, and to utilize a wide range of substrates including hydrocarbons for growth is of uttermost importance to their utilization in the production of bioinsecticides. The insecticidal activity of Aspergillus niger IHCS-4 metabolic extract against Chrysomya chloropyga larvae was examined in vitro by researchers at Department of Microbiology, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria. The toxicity test revealed that 0.04 mg/g and 0.08 mg/g extract concentration significantly (P>0.05) affected the insect larvae, inducing 20% and 65% mortality respectively, within 24 hours. Larval growth was inhibited only at concentrations of 0.04mg/g or higher. Survivors of the toxicity treatment at 0.04mg/g and 0.08mg/g recorded significant reductions in weight over time. These observations have indicated the potential of A. niger as a simple, inexpensive and accessible source of bioinsecticide. This study has further confirmed the insecticidal potential of metabolic compound produced by the aspergilli. However, the accessibility for large scale use is hindered by lack of detail information on the chemical stability, photostability, phytotoxicity and non-target of the active compounds in the metabolites. To enhance knowledge on these factors routine analytical studies on the active properties and their specific toxicity are necessary [Essien JP, Insecticidal Potential of an Orally Administered Metabolic Extract of Aspergillus niger on Chrysomya chloropyga (Green bottle fly) Larvae, J Appl Sci Environ Manage, 2004, 8 (1), 45-48].


Background:  Mastocytosis is a heterogenous disease involving mast cells (MC) and their progenitors. Cutaneous and systemic variants of the disease have been reported. In contrast to cutaneous mastocytosis (CM), patients with systemic mastocytosis (SM) are at risk to develop disease progression or a nonMC‐lineage haematopoietic neoplasm. Little is known, however, about factors predisposing for the development of SM. One factor may be cytokine regulation of MC progenitors.


The evolving nonprofit–government relations in China have attracted increasing attention from scholars over the past four decades. The complexity and fluidity of the relations, however, pose substantial challenges to analysis. Recently, to disentangle the myth of the important relationships, research has been progressing primarily in three directions toward greater methodological diversity, stronger focus on the behaviors of nonprofit organizations vis-à-vis the governments, and more research synthesis. This symposium brings together three studies that represent these trends. After providing a brief historical overview of the study on nonprofit–government relations in China, individual contributions to this symposium are characterized.


The method of preparing copper powder by chemical reduction way was studied in this paper.NaH 2PO 2 was affirmed the very good reductant in the experiments.What's more,the arts process were attained as follow.Under pH1.5~2.0,temperature 60℃,stirring in high rotating rate for 20min,a purple powder can be attained from the CuSO 4 solvent.From the results analyzed by XRD we see the powder is copper,but it is oxygenized easily in the air.At the same thime the diameter of the first particle was affirmed 10nm about by the picture of SEM,however,they are used to gather together as the bigger particle.


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To avoid the occurrence of under flow and over flow in demultiplexing buffers by selecting a stream by means of considering the tendency of data quantity in a decoder input buffer. SOLUTION: The streams compressed in encoders CD1...CDM are successively written into the multiplexing buffers BM1...BMN. The encoded data blocks in size D h are simultaneously taken out at encoding time th . Then, data quantity A (tc ) which previously arrives at present time tc and data quantity E (tc ) which is previously taken out are obtained by an expression I for the respective input steams S . Then, data quantity BF (tc ) at present time tc is obtained by an expression II. Then, a parameter X showing emergency for a next access unit which is not decoded yet is obtained and the stream S having minimum relaxing is identified and a packet containing the prescribed data byte of the basic stream S is constructed.


In a recent paper [S. Bagherinezhad and V. Karimipour, Phys. Rev. A 67, 044302 (2003)], a quantum secret sharing protocol based on reusable GHZ states was proposed. However, in this comment, it is shown that this protocol is insecure because a cheater can gain all the secret bits before sharing, while introducing one data bit error at most in the whole communication, which makes the cheater avoid the detection by the communication parities.


A Solid phase-polymerized polyamide produced by Solid phase polymerization of a melt-polymerized polyamide which has a Specific relative Viscosity and end group balance and is obtained by polycondensing a diamine component mainly comprising m-xylylenediamine with a dicarboxylic acid component mainly comprising adipic acid in molten State. The Solid phase-polymerized polyamide is a medium to high Viscosity polymer having a specific relationship between the relative Viscosity and the number average molecular weight. With Such particular properties, the Solid phase-polymerized polyamide contains gels and fish eyes in extremely Small amounts, and is Suitable as a material particularly for producing bottle, sheet, film and fiber.


In this paper, we will provide a methodology for head phantom development based on in vivo imaging data attained utilizing MRI. The anthropomorphic phantom can be designed to mimic human anatomy.


This diploma thesis aims at the development of the HPLC method for identification and quntification of chosen bioactive substances from herbal extracts. More specifically, the thesis deals with the separation of particular flavonoids (rutin, hesperidin, naringin), phenylpropanoids (dihydrocoumarin, aesculin, aescin) and anthraquinone derivatives (hypericin). These substances originate from the following herbs: European horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum), tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.)), yellow sweet clover (Melilotus officinalis (L.)), St John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) and grapefruit (Citrus paradisi). For the above-mentioned determination, three methods were developed. The gradient method was used in the identification and quantification of rutin, hesperidin, naringin, dihydrocoumarin and aesculin. Aescin and hypericin were then analyzed by means of isocratic methods.


Knowledge on below‐ground plant distributions is almost lacking to date, despite the fact that such information would be very valuable in understanding below‐ground competition and species‐specific interactions, processes that are expected to shape community structure. Methods available so far for below‐ground species determination have drawbacks that we tried to challenge. Some methods make use of differences in the chemical composition between species, but this is highly variable upon environmental factors. DNA‐based techniques — far less dependent on chemical composition — such as polymerase chain reaction on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) primers can so far only determine presence–absence of a species in a mixed root sample. Here, we present a quantitative DNA‐based technique that allows investigation of relative species abundances in experimental mixed root samples. We used quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on species‐specific markers obtained from intersimple sequence repeat (ISSR) analyses in root samples. This molecular technique is novel in the field of root ecology and its development overcame three challenges: (i) determination of species‐specific DNA fragments, (ii) development and optimization of the real time PCR protocol, (iii) designing a data treatment method based on a modified delta–delta‐cycle threshold (CT) analysis. The method gained robustness from using relative DNA abundances in species mixtures rather than absolute concentration readings. This requires accurate multispecies reference series as a calibration. Test samples with different known biomass ratios of all species showed proof of concept of this method. The pro's and contra's of this method are discussed in the light of its contribution to advancing ecological research on below‐ground plant–plant interactions.


Novel Corona virus-2019 (SARS-CoV-2) has been spreading in continents around the globe and effective treatment has yet not been developed against this novel infection. The victims of COVID-19 tend to develop abnormal neuroimaging features on brain-CT and MRI Imaging. Objective: To assess the incidences of abnormal neuroimaging features in the sufferers of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: PubMed, Science Direct. Research Gate, Medline and Google Scholar were searched till 28th March 2021 to highlight the incidences of abnormal neuroimaging features in the sufferers of SARS-CoV-2 infection. After screening of literature, only twenty-one (21) articles were included. All data extracted from them was further analysed through meta-analysis. Results: Twenty-one (21) eligible articles with one thousand six hundred and forty-four (1644) verified COVID-19 patients were included. The average age of SARS-CoV-2 patients is 65.20 years with 67.1% males and 32.9% females. Brain CT scan (46.2%), brain MRI (41.3%) and both brain CT and brain MRI (12.5%) were used to detect neuroimaging features. The pooled incidences of acute or sub-acute infarctions were most common (25.88%), followed by cerebral micro-bleed (20.05%), encephalitis/encephalopathy (14.53%), and acute spontaneous non-traumatic intracranial haemorrhages (7.55%). Conclusions: The current systematic review concluded that during the spread of the current COVID-19 pandemic, many SARS-CoV-2 patients manifested neurologic symptoms. Out of these neurological manifestations, acute or sub-acute infarction and cerebral micro-bleed are most common.


The various glaze-fit test methods are described, and the results of the ring, flat-plate, and tuning-fork tests on semivitreous types of bodies and glazes are compared.


There are two main requirements for effective advertising in social networks. The first is that links in the social network are relevant to the targeted ads. The second is that social information can be easily incorporated with existing targeting methods to predict response rates. Our purpose in this paper is to investigate these requirements. We measure the relevance of a social network, the Yahoo! Instant Messenger graph, to classes of ads. We investigate the degree to which social network information complements existing user-profile information for targeting. We find that there is significant evidence in our social network of homophily, that links in the network indicate similar ad-relevant interests. We propose an ensemble classifier to combine existing user-only models with social network features to improve response predictions.


In this article author analysed the corellation of anemia and gastroesophageal refluxe disease (GERD) by patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Author offers personal experiences (110 cases). The main pathogenetic links of anemias and heterogeneity of anemia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis have been elucidated. The frequency of occurrence of GERD and pathogenetic mechanisms of GERD in these patients were studied. Relationship between anemia and GERD in patients with RA has been established.


P M A Sherwood Cambridge University Press 1972 pp ix + 254 price £590 There has long been a need for a fairly elementary text and guide to the literature on the vibrational spectroscopy of solids, and Dr Sherwood is to be congratulated on producing this concise textbook which will be found useful by physicists as well as the chemists for whom it is primarily intended. The monograph is mainly devoted to the analysis and interpretation of the infrared and Raman spectra of solids.


The quality of the human resources colleges and universities supply for the regional development is determined by the extent of the match between the schools' specialty structure and the local economic structure,and the schools' teaching quality.Taking the case of Guangxi's local colleges and universities,the current paper studies how the local institutions of higher education produce talents suited for the economic development of the major cities in the region,how a reasonable spatial layout of higher education should be created to offer disciplines and specialties closely related with the development of industries with over one hundred billion yuan of output and emerging industries of strategic significance in Guangxi Province.


BACKGROUND
Despite the new surgical approach with "tension free" techniques, recurrent inguinal hernia repair remains a difficult surgical problem.

METHODS
Personal experience in 61 cases of recurrent inguinal hernia is reported; in all patients a new hernioplasty with a "tension free" technique was performed. Medium follow-up of the study was 27 months (min 6 mm, max 56 mm); 3 recurrences were observed, 2 in Lichtenstein "plug" hernioplasty and 1 with the Trabucco technique.

RESULTS
No recurrences were observed in Lichtenstein "mesh" hernioplasty group.

CONCLUSIONS
Lichtenstein "mesh" hernioplasty can solve every anatomical situation in hernia recurrence and good results, with little or any complications, are achievable; "plug" technique is easier but recurrences in other sites of a weak inguinal wall are possible.


The article presents the principles of cough management in children and the requirements to drugs administered in the paediatric practice. The efficiency and safety of acetylcysteine as mucolytic drug are confirmed by the long-term clinical experience and results of numerous researches. Integrated effect on the child's respiratory tract, including mucolytic, muсokinetic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, allows considering acetylcysteine as one of the promising mucolytic and pneumoprotective agent in the respiratory disease treatment.


The formulation of herbal preparations with hemostatic and antibacterial action has been developed. Recommendations on the use of created drugs.


This paper evaluates whether the Swiss monitoring programme for foreign substances in animal products fulfils basic epidemiological quality requirements, and identifies possible sources of bias in the selection of samples. The sampling was analysed over a 4-year period (2002–05). The sampling frame in 37 participating abattoirs covered 51% of all slaughtered pigs, 73% of calves, 68% of beef and 36% of cows. The analysis revealed that some sub-populations as defined by the region of origin were statistically over-represented while others were under-represented. The programme that is in accordance with European Union requirements contained some relevant bias. Patterns of under-sampled regions characterized by management type differences were identified. This could lead to an underestimate of the number of contaminated animals within the programme. Although the current sampling was stratified and partially risk-based, its efficiency could be improved by adopting a more targeted approach.


A process for the production of acetic acid from methanol to yield space-time of at least 15 g-mol / l / hr, by a catalytic carbonylation reaction, comprising reacting a compound selected from the group consisting of methanol and reactive derivatives thereof, in the presence of carbon monoxide and a catalyst based on rhodium in a reaction mixture wherein the reaction mixture comprises less than 2.0% by weight water system at least 1000 ppm of a metal selected from the group consisting of rhodium, and combination of rhodium and iridium, an iodide ion at a concentration in the range of 2 to 20% by weight, 2 to 15% by weight of methyl acetate, and halogen promoter at a concentration of 2.0 wt% to 30.0 wt%, wherein carbon dioxide and methane are produced in the reaction mixture and wherein the space-time yield for the production of methane exceeds the performance space-time to produce carbon dioxide.


T he professional occupational health nurse faces monumental responsibility to employees. The Occupational Safety and Health Act 1970 (PL 91-596) has prompted employers to offer periodic job-related health evaluations. The Federal Government, as an emp loyer (Executive Order 11807), is not exempt from this obligation . The rapidly increasing responsibilities of occupational health are not always, however, proportionate with increases in staffing and technology of record keep ing , necessitating soph ist icated management of resources. The following project was undertaken to address the problem of mounting nursing paperwork and to maximize professional nursing time. The Systems Approach to problem solv ing and planning had been utilized in the overall Occupational Health Program design, and was found an invaluable tool in this project to streamline charting. Essentially, the Systems Approach to problem solving focuses on a work unit , relating it to the " ideal" outcome (objective). This structured analys is of the goals or objectives of a unit often rises above entanglements in existing problems, allowing the end-product to more closely approximate the ideal or theoretical possibility. For example, charting care given was examined in terms of the actual objective of charting, ignoring the time required by the nurse . The objectives of charting were defined in terms of the patient's need and not in terms of staff desires.


Background: The symptoms of somatoform disorders are very distressing to the sufferer as well as pose significant burden on the health-care delivery system. Although the nature of symptoms is physical, the underlying mechanisms are not clearly understood. Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the explanatory models of patients with somatoform disorders presenting to a tertiary care hospital in Northern India. Method: A total of 99 consecutive adult patients (≥18 years) with diagnosis of somatoform disorders according to the International Classification of Diseases–10th Revision (ICD-10) were evaluated for their explanatory models using the causal models section of Explanatory Model Interview Catalogue (EMIC). Results: The mean age of the study sample was 36.52 years, and the mean duration of illness was 59.39 ± 57.68 months. The most common clinical diagnosis was that of persistent somatoform pain disorder. The most common explanations given belonged to the category of psychological factors (68.7%) followed by weakness (67.7%), social causes (51%) and karma–deed–heredity (53.5%) category. The mean number of etiological categories reported were 2.6 (standard deviation (SD) = 1.7). Among the various specific causes, the commonly reported explanations by one half of the sample in decreasing order were general weakness (63.6%), mind–thoughts–worry category (59.6%) and loneliness (53.5%). The mean number of specific etiologies was 4.9 (SD = 3.83). Conclusion: Most of the patients with somatoform disorder attribute their symptoms to psychological factors. It also becomes imperative to understand the physical symptoms in somatoform disorders from the sociocultural aspects of patients.


Type of funding sources: None.

 Patients with severe mitral regurgitation (MR) unsuitable for standard therapy (i.e., open-heart surgery and transcatheter edge-to-edge repair [TEER]), often remain on medical therapy (MT) alone. Transcatheter mitral valve implantation (TMVI) may represent an alternative treatment option for these patients.

 We aimed to investigate differences in anatomical baseline characteristics and echocardiographic outcomes between MR patients unsuitable for standard therapy, that were either treated with TMVI or remained on MT.

 Between 05/2016-02/2021, 121 high-risk patients with severe MR were evaluated for TMVI. Clinical, echocardiographic and functional outcomes between the subgroups of patients treated with TMVI and MT were compared. The primary combined endpoint was all-cause death or heart failure (HF) hospitalization at 1 year. Subgroup analyses were performed to define specific patient subsets favouring either TMVI or MT.

 At baseline, there were no differences between the TMVI group (n = 38) and the MT group (n = 44) regarding age (all TMVI vs. MT: 77.0 years [IQR 72.9, 80.1] vs. 79.0 [IQR 76.0, 81.7], p = 0.13), gender (42.1% female vs. 56.8% female, p = 0.27) and estimated surgical risk (EuroSCORE II 4.4% [IQR 2.8, 13.6] vs. 6.4 [IQR 3.4, 10.1], p = 0.72). Patients undergoing TMVI were more frequently treated for secondary MR (68.4%), while primary MR was the most prevalent MR etiology in patients remaining on medical therapy (50.0%). Left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic diameters (LVEDD) were larger and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was lower in the TMVI group (LVEDD 58.0mm [IQR 51.4, 65.0], LVEF 37.0% [IQR 31.4, 51.2]) compared to the MT group (LVEDD 52.0mm [IQR 46.2, 58.8], LVEF 54.5% [IQR 40.8, 60.0]) (p = 0.02 for LVEDD, p < 0.001 for LVEF). MR was effectively reduced to ≤ mild MR in all patients undergoing TMVI. In the MT group, MR remained severe in 90% of patients after 1 year. The primary composite endpoint occurred numerically more often in the MT group (72.2%) compared to the TMVI group (51.6%, p = 0.061). Regarding the primary endpoint, the subgroups of patients with LVEF 30-49% (HR 0.28 [95%-CI 0.11-0.67], p = 0.004), effective regurgitant orifice area (EROA) <0.4 cm2 (HR 0.30 [95%-CI 0.13-0.71], p = 0.006), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) ≥17mm (HR 0.27 [95%-CI 0.11-0.67], p = 0.005) and New York Heart Association functional class III (HR 0.38 [95%-CI 0.18-0.81], p = 0.012) were more likely to benefit from TMVI compared to MT.

 In patients with severe MR unsuitable for standard therapy, TMVI represents a reasonable therapeutic alternative yielding effective elimination of MR. While most patients eligible for TMVI suffer from secondary MR, the majority of patients remaining on MT has primary MR. The primary endpoint occurred numerically, yet not statistically, more often in patients on MT. Baseline echocardiography was able to identify subgroups of patients with beneficial outcome after TMVI.


other western states, including Utah before and since its interesting 1939 legislation,2 emphasizes the soundness of Mr. Kletzing's conclusions. The issue discussed in most of the western appellate courts is whether the so-called "water codes," now adopted in some form in every western state, provide an exclusive or only an alternative method for acquiring new water rights by physical diversions of water. On United States lands new water rights are acquired only by appropriation, since according to well-known principles prescriptive rights can never be acquired against the government.3 However, where watercourses traverse private lands, rights may be acquired by prescription in most of the western states." The codes usually provide for filing formal applications, accompanied by maps and engineering data, with some state officer who then holds hearings and grants permits, often on conditions protecting the rights of other water users, present or future. The officer, of course, has the power to deny permits for good cause shown. The majority of the western courts have held that these codes are in the nature of recording acts, giving priority to applicants as of their filing dates regardless of the length of time of use, and are not the exclusive method for acquiring new rights. The "continued, open, notorious, exclusive, uninterrupted, and adverse use and enjoyment of the water under a claim of right" for the statutory period (in California five years)5 in most western jurisdictions constitutes the perfection of new water rights as of the end of the statutory period. These rights often are not matters of public record and when in question require proof of all the necessary facts to the satisfaction of a court.


This paper presents a reflection and discusses about the role of design in the complex context of media. Such environment encompasses information and communication technologies and the cultural communities where they have origin and develop. It also encompasses protocols, practices, products and institutions and power involved in creating and disseminating this media. Such reflections and discussions are important and necessary in order to understand the social responsibility of designers as producers and creators of systems, information and communication, as well as of aesthetic standards that will, certainly, have influence in the culture and structure of the society. Design, as producer of contemporaneous languages – among them the hypermedia and the transmedia – has an active and determinant role in the society where it acts, as one of the main builders of culture. To make flourish, unequivocally, the perception and awareness about this role of design is one of the main objectives of this research project. A Workshop will be presented, aimed at investigating the interrelationship between Design, Communication and Technology. It was performed during the event entitled Intentions: Conversations, Experiences and Knowledge  held in the School of Communication – RCA  Participants had opportunities of understanding how much transformations of the visual represent an instigating and challenging social interaction. Keywords: Design, communication, technology, interdisciplinary, workshop


When I began this research in 2003, I had little idea of the scope and duration of the work that it would involve. More than three years is a long time in which to be engaged in a single project, albeit part-time and with the assistance of many volunteer assistants, co-authors, reviewers, and others along the way. In total the study has generated 8 papers and about 100,000 words. Many practitioners, both actuaries and non-actuaries, have downloaded one or more of the papers from the Society of Actuaries Web site, and have used some of the principles we have discussed in their work. Some of the terms that we have coined in the course of the study, for example "migration bias", have found their way into day-to-day discussion of disease management (DM) outcomes. The popularity of the papers vindicates the Society of Actuaries Health Section's and the Committee on Knowledge Extension Research's decisions to support the research.


In acidic alcohol/aqueous solution, simple solvo(hydro)thermal self-assembly between Pb(II) salts, KI and pip/dabco (pip = piperazine; dabco = 1,4-diazabicyclo[2,2,2]octane) created three new organically templated iodoplumbates as the chained [H2dppip][Pb2I6]·H2O 1 and [H2depip][Pb2I6]·H2O 2 and the layered [H2dabco][Pb3I8] 3 (dppip = N,N′-dipropylpiperazine; depip = N,N′-diethylpiperazine). Note that dppip/depip were derived respectively from the solvothermal in situ N-alkylation reactions of pip with ethanol/propanol in acidic KI solution. Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrum analysis indicates that the three compounds are all potential semiconductor materials with energy gaps of 3.46 eV for 1, 3.02 eV for 2 and 3.31 eV for 3.


Currently, there are three different methodologies for evaluating the aerodynamics of trains; full-scale measurements, physical modeling using wind-tunnel, and moving train rigs and numerical modeling using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Moreover, different approaches and turbulence modeling are normally used within the CFD framework. The work in this paper investigates the consistency of two of these methodologies; the wind-tunnel and the CFD by comparing the measured surface pressure with the computed CFD values. The CFD is based on Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) turbulence models (five models were used; the Spalart–Allmaras (S–A), k-e, k-e re-normalization group (RNG), realizable k-e, and shear stress transport (SST) k-ω) and two detached eddy simulation (DES) approaches; the standard DES and delayed detached eddy simulation (DDES). This work was carried out as part of a larger project to determine whether the current methods of CFD, model scale and full-scale testing provide consistent results and are able to achieve agreement with each other when used in the measurement of train aerodynamic phenomena. Similar to the wind-tunnel, the CFD approaches were applied to external aerodynamic flow around a 1/25th scale class 43 high-speed tunnel (HST) model. Comparison between the CFD results and wind-tunnel data were conducted using coefficients for surface pressure, measured at the wind-tunnel by pressure taps fitted over the surface of the train in loops. Four different meshes where tested with both the RANS SST k-ω and DDES approaches to form a mesh sensitivity study. The four meshes featured 18, 24, 34, and 52 × 106 cells. A mesh of 34 × 106 cells was found to provide the best balance between accuracy and computational cost. Comparison of the results showed that the DES based approaches; in particular, the DDES approach was best able to replicate the wind-tunnel results within the margin of uncertainty.


Over 95% of bladder cancers are urothelial in origin (i.e., transitional cell carcinomas). Nonetheless, transitional cell bladder carcinoma includes a heterogeneous group of tumors that occupy a spectrum extending from papillary Grade 1 lesions, which have been considered virtually benign, to poorly differentiated cancers, which often lead to a fatal outcome. The term "superficial" bladder carcinoma, as used by Fleshner et al. in this issue of Cancer, should probably be abandoned. Even within the category of tumors with depth of infiltration superficial to the detrusor muscle of the bladder, there is marked variation in tumor behavior. Thus, the term "superficial" can be misleading. Some 70% of transitional cell bladder carcinomas are non-muscleinvasive at the time of presentation. Tumor infiltration of the muscular wall of the bladder has been considered a poor prognostic feature that usually triggers aggressive therapeutic intervention, such as radical cystectomy. Most often, high grade tumors tend to be invasive, whereas it is unusual to find low grade tumors that infiltrate into muscle. Furthermore, regional lymph node metastasis or distant metastasis is unusual in the absence of demonstrable muscle invasion. The primary clinical problem with non-muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma is not the management of existing, visible lesions, but the implications for future tumor behavior. Transurethral resection or laser ablation effectively eradicates non-muscle-invasive bladder carcinomas and the risk of local recurrence from persistent, inadequately treated tumor is low. However, recurrent tumor, or, more accurately, new tumor occurrence, is a frequently observed phenomenon. Overall, over half of patients who present with a non-muscle-invasive bladder carcinoma are destined to have a new tumor develop within the bladder, often at a site remote from the initial lesion. Some of these recurrences may be a consequence of tumor cell implantation. Transitional cell carcinoma is known to be a tumor that readily implants in extravesical tissue if spillage occurs during open surgical procedures. Likewise, intravesical implantation can occur either as a consequence of surgical manipulation during tumor resection or from malignant cells shed from the tumor surface during the course of normal bladder filling and emptying. The clinical observation that tumor recurrence is often seen on the bladder dome is 2192


North ern Van cou ver Is land is richly en dowed in a va ri ety of base and pre cious-metal de pos its. For ex am ple, the Cu-Mo-Au por phyry de posit at the for mer Is land Cop per mine (1971–1994) pro duced ap prox i mately 345 mil lion tonnes of ore with av er age head grades of 0.41 wt% Cu, 0.017% Mo, 0.19 g/t Au and 1.4 g/t Ag (Perello et al., 1995). Other por phyry de pos its are known to ex ist in the re gion (e.g., Hushamu [MINFILE oc cur rence 92L 240] and Red Dog [92L 200]; MINFILE, 2005) and, thanks to a re cent surge in metal prices, the po ten tial for bring ing these and fu ture dis cov er ies into production is currently high.


The structure, organization and integration it is crucial to improve global supply chains performance and help them to achieve strategic and operational goals. Literature suggests that agile, resilient and sustainable supply chains strategies enable them to be more competitive in order to adapt to the dynamic and unstable scenario. This paper aims to present a model for implementing a strategy based on LARG paradigms (Lean philosophy, Agility, Resilience and sustainability-"Green"), used to denote the necessary strategy for competitiveness in an international automotive supply chain. Using "building theory approach", supported by a case study, conducted in four companies that integrated automotive supply chains, three hypotheses were defined to be validated through an explanatory model and Key Performance Indicators (KPI's) were defined to measure supply chain overall performance. This study brings contributes to management knowledge by empirically investigate the main effects of LARG strategy on supply chain performance, proposing a process approach applied to a collaborative virtual network structure, in order to improve network efficiency. Data analysis supports some interesting conclusions, as the more important KPI's to measure LARG strategy, and the evolution from Supply chain to Supply Network.


Abstract The effectiveness of chemotherapy in elderly patients is still a matter of debate. We analyzed the toxicity and efficacy of the original FOLFOX2 regimen in middle aged and elderly patients affected by metastatic colorectal cancer. Consecutive patients with metastatic CRC and measurable disease were eligible. Seventy-eight partially pre-treated patients were enrolled: 58 patients were defined as middle aged (<70 years) and 20 were elderly patients (≥70 years). Elderly patients in comparison to middle-aged patients in a higher percentage were males. No significant differences were found in hematological and non-hematological toxicity between the two groups. No significant differences were found in the response rates, time to progression (5.9 vs. 6.0 months respectively), or median overall survival (20.9 and 21.8 months, respectively) between middle aged and elderly patients. The FOLFOX2 regimen provides equivalent feasibility, efficacy, and survival gain in middle-aged and in elderly patients with metastatic CRC.


Heliconia bihai is a highly polymorphic species. Populations of the species are distributed throughout the Lesser Antilles and northern South America; the most obvious sign of polymorphism is manifested through differences in bract color. This variation has been attributed to pollinator‐mediated selection, but other processes are also plausible. To test the potential contribution of drift in the evolution of phenotypic variation in this system, we examined the distribution of morphological and genetic variation within and between populations of H. bihai in the Caribbean islands of St. Vincent and St. Lucia. Morphological characterization was limited to flower and inflorescence characteristics, including bract color. AFLPs were used to investigate levels of genetic diversity within and between populations. Genetic similarity among individuals was equivalent to that expected for conspecific individuals. Levels of AFLP and population subdivision were high and were comparable to those of outcrossing species in one island, but they were low and comparable with selfing or clonal species in the other, indicating that genetic variation between islands may be under different evolutionary regimes. There was a significant geographical structure in morphological variation, but this was considerably less pronounced than that found at the genetic level except for bract color patterns, which were different for different islands. We found no correlation between genetic similarity and geographic distance or between genetic similarity and morphological similarity. Observed patterns of genetic and morphological variation in H. bihai suggest that genetic drift is likely to have had a minor role in their development. Instead, these patterns are consistent with phenomena such as selection, inbreeding, and habitat fragmentation that may be operating independently at different spatial scales.


A consultant anaesthetist who was told that she would not face charges of misconduct over allegations that she hastened the deaths of patients in the intensive care unit where she worked now faces a hearing after the General Medical Council changed its mind.

The GMC has decided to go ahead with charges that Ann David made an "inappropriate and premature" decision to withdraw treatment from a comatose patient, Robert Symons; that she took the decision without consulting professional colleagues or the patient's relatives; and that she withdrew treatment in a way which "was inappropriate and brought Mr Symons' life to an end earlier than would …


This paper examines the influence of consumers' moral intensity, perceived risks and moral judgment on their purchase intention of pirated software. The aspects of moral intensity include magnitude of consequence, social consensus, probability of effect and temporal immediacy. The perceived risks of consumers are related to financial, performance, prosecution and social risks. Moral judgment is based on cognitive moral development and reasoning. Ten hypotheses were developed and tested with data collected using a scenario‐based questionnaire. A hierarchical regression analysis is used to control for variations that are attributed to factors such as gender, age, educational attainment, income, price levels and past software experience of consumers. Results revealed that consumer purchase intention is influenced by certain aspects of their perceived moral intensity, magnitude of consequence, temporal immediacy and social consensus; perceived risks, financial, prosecution and social; and moral judgment, cognitive moral development and moral reasoning. Applicability and implication of the findings as well as suggestions for further research are discussed.


The electrical conductivity of CaFexTii_xO3-§ (0.10 < x < 0.40) was measured by an AC van der Pauw technique versus oxygen partial pressure (10'20-l atm) and temperature (650-1100 °C). For substitution up to x=0.20 the conductivity was nearly independent of Po2, while at higher degrees of substitution, a ±1/6 dependence was observed over the entire range, with a minimum at intermediate Po2- The results are accounted for by a theory which includes equilibrium between tri- and tetra-valent iron.