Background Cyberbullying includes bullying behaviors on the Web; these behaviors are inconsistently measured and lack standardized definitions. The Uniform Definition of Bullying provides a consensus-based definition of bullying, and it highlights the need for an evidence-based definition of a model for cyberbullying. Objective Toward understanding the key elements and constructs defining cyberbullying, the objective of this study was to develop a stakeholder-driven conceptual model of cyberbullying. Methods Concept mapping is a validated research method that leverages both qualitative and quantitative approaches to integrate stakeholder input on complex topics. This process was used to develop a concept map and adapt it through participant input to a conceptual model. The validated concept mapping approach includes 5 steps: preparation, generation (brainstorming), structuring (sorting), representation (statistical analysis), and interpretation. We recruited stakeholder participants, including adolescents, as well as parents and professionals representing education, health, and the justice system. Analysis included hierarchical cluster analysis to develop a cluster map representing cyberbullying, followed by adaptation of that map to a conceptual model through qualitative participant feedback. Results A total of 177 participants contributed to the concept mapping process, including 69% females, 50% adults, and 68% Caucasian, representing each of our stakeholder groups. A total of 228 brainstorming items were generated and sorted into a concept map that included 9 clusters. Clusters included topics that had strong overlap with traditional bullying, such as consequences for perpetrators and targets, with example items "alienating" and "crippling." Some clusters were unique, such as cyberbullying techniques, with example item "excessive messaging," and characteristics of the cyberbullying experience, with example item "constant." Through the interpretation step, a conceptual model emerged, illustrating connections and distinctions between traditional bullying and cyberbullying. Conclusions We found that in generating a stakeholder-driven concept map of cyberbullying, participants could not describe cyberbullying without integrating key concepts from traditional bullying. On the basis of our conceptual model, there are unique characteristics of cyberbullying that suggest that uniform definitions of bullying need to be evaluated to ensure their application to cyberbullying.


E-commerce is a strategic issue in Chinese enterprises. But at present, they have six mistakes-incomplete understanding of the significance of e-commerce, unknowing of its conditions and requirements, ill-timed entrance, unscientific fixation of strategic targets, ambiguous strategic guiding ideology and false developing priorities and approaches.


For phase space manifolds which are compact K ahler manifolds relations between the Berezin Toeplitz quantization and the quantization using Berezin s coherent states and symbols are studied First results on the Berezin Toeplitz quanti zation of arbitrary quantizable compact K ahler manifolds due to Bordemann Meinrenken and Schlichenmaier are recalled It is shown that the covariant sym bol map is adjoint to the Toeplitz map The Berezin transform for compact K ahler manifolds is discussed Talk presented at the XVII workshop on geometric methods in physics Bia lowie za Poland July July


BackgroundA prospective study evaluated the prevalence of 40% to 100% extracranial carotid arterial disease (ECD) by carotid duplex ultrasonograms and its association with coronary artery disease (CAD) and incidence of new coronary events in 949 patients with a mean age of 82 ± 8 years. MethodsTechnically adequate bilateral carotid duplex ultrasonograms were obtained in 949 unselected patients, mean age 82 ± 8 years, in a chronic care facility. The prevalence of CAD and incidence of coronary events were determined in patients with and without ECD. Follow-up was 45 ± 22 months. Data were analyzed by chi-square analyses. ResultsCAD was present in 87 of 150 patients (58%) with ECD and in 314 of 799 patients (39%) without ECD (P < 0.001). Coronary events occurred in 70 of 87 patients (80%) with ECD and CAD (group A), in 188 of 314 patients (60%) with CAD and no ECD (group B), in 28 of 63 patients (44%) with ECD and no CAD (group C), and in 133 of 485 patients (27%) with no ECD and no CAD (group D). Significant P values were P < 0.001 comparing A with B, A with C, A with D, and B with D; P < 0.01 comparing C with D; and P < 0.025 comparing B with C. ConclusionsPatients with ECD have a higher prevalence of CAD and a higher incidence of coronary events than patients without ECD. Patients with CAD and ECD have a higher incidence of coronary events than patients with CAD and no ECD. Patients with ECD and no CAD have a higher incidence of coronary events than patients with no ECD and no CAD.


Abstract Heat-treated and corresponding conventionally cured tobacco have been subjected to comparative studies. The heat-treating process has been carried out under laboratory and curing barn conditions. Analyses of the three different tobaccos show that the heat treatment leads to a considerable reduction of the polyphenols and a less pronounced reduction of nicotine. Determinations of the amount of total particulate matter, dry condensate, nicotine, and "phenol" in the smoke from cigarettes manufactured from the three types of tobaccos show that the heat treatment in the barn gives rise to a small but relevant lowering of these values. Examination of the ciliotoxic effect of the smokes on rabbit trachea in vitro reveals that there is a significant, although moderate, difference between the tobacco heat-treated in the laboratory and the control as regards the number of puffs required to achieve complete ciliostasis. A detailed gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric study using a high resolution glass capillary column and computerised data-acquisition demonstrates the absence of significant differences in the gas phases of the smoke derived from the differently treated tobaccos.


Contribution: This article describes the implementation, assessment, and evaluation of conceptual-based writing exercises in an introductory course on electric circuit analysis. Background: Students' struggles in gateway courses such as circuit analysis are often traced to inadequate metacognitive skills on the part of the student as well their misconceptions regarding fundamental phenomena related to the course. Writing is known to be a powerful tool for insight into a student's thought process and to foster metacognitive activity. Research Questions: What effect does the use of short writing exercises have on students' understanding of fundamental concepts related to the behavior of electric circuits operating at dc? What effect does the use of the conceptually based writing exercises have on students' ability to justify their responses when answering conceptual questions related to basic electric circuit concepts? Methodology: In the first semester of the study, a single writing exercise was given and in the second semester, a total of five such exercises were administered. In each semester, students were separated into "at-risk" and "not at-risk" groups based on their responses to the first writing exercise. A $2 \times 2 \times $ (2) mixed analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted, with at-risk/not at-risk and semester/semester between-subjects factors and pre-test/post-test on a multiple-choice conceptual-based exam a within-subjects factor. Findings: Results suggest that only the at-risk group may have benefited in terms of deepened conceptual understanding and the ability to justify their responses from the use of multiple conceptual-based writing exercises.


A polyimide is a polymer composed of alternating units of diamine and dianhydride, linked to each other via an imide bond. PMR polyimides, commonly used in the aerospace industry, are generally capped at each end by a norbornene endcap which serves a double function: (1) It limits the number of repeating units and, hence, the average molecular weight of the various polymer chains (oligomers), thereby improving processibility; (2) Upon further treatment (curing), the endcap crosslinks the various oligomer strands into a tough heat-resistant piece. Norbornenyl-end capped PMR polyimide resins' are widely used as polymer matrix composite materials for aircraft engine applications,2 since they combine ease of processing with good oxidative stability up to 300 C. PMR resins are prepared by a twestep approach involving the initial formation of oligomeric pre-polymers capped at both ends by a latent reactive end cap. The end cap undergoes cross-linking during higher temperature processing, producing the desired low density, high specific strength materials, as shown for PMR-15.


The most outstanding problem militating the production of earth block in Nigeria, is the exorbitant prices of cement, rice ash replaced with cement, stabilized compressed earth block to carry load. The main objective of this study was to investigate the sustainability of earthen construction block with a partial replacement of cement using Rice Husk Ash (RHA). RHA is a bye-product material obtained from the combustion of rice husk which consists of non-crystalline silicon dioxide with high specific surface area and high pozzolanic reactivity using a set of sieves 3.35um 63um, weigh balance, oven maintained at a temperature of 105°C and 110°C, six meta trays, a bucket, a soap, wire brushes, and a mechanical shaker. It is used as pozzolanic material in earth block. Testing specimen were determined and examine in structural composition by means of unconfined compressive strength hydraulically compressed for crushing the composition of mix with RHA content ranges from 10% to 50% to respectively. The result of the compressed earth block shows a significant resistance of shear strength of 30 to 90 kg/mm 2 , proving that stabilized earth block can satisfactorily carry load when structurally loaded and can resist tensile and compressive stresses. Original Research Article Ubi et al.; CJAST, 40(12): 12-22, 2021; Article no.CJAST.68014 13


This work presents the characteristics of the Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) in the determination of gold in voluminous mineral samples using a linear particle accelerator (Linac) as source of irradiation. The used volumes are one or two orders of magnitude higher than the ones that can be used in nuclear research reactor, which is the source usually used to determine through the NAA. This study was encouraged by a specific legal requirement to determine the gold law in a small Patagonian gold deposit.


There are many histories of the chemical industry but very few systematic studies that portray the changing relations between chemistry and industry. This essay tackles the issue by looking to evolving practices and to changes in semantics in particular. On the practical level, both chemistry and industry changed greatly between about 1750 and 1950, which led to different types of interactions over the course of time. Special attention is paid to the emergence and subsequent history of the concept of the "Second Industrial Revolution" (ca. 1870–1900). It is argued—and illustrated by several examples—that historians using that concept have tended to underestimate the role of chemistry in industry before about 1870 and have overestimated its role after that date. The rhetorical repertoires of historical actors had great influence on the ways historians later perceived the period of the Second Industrial Revolution. Moreover, the meanings of the key words that we use to describe historical processes have changed considerably over time. The meanings of the terms "chemistry" and "industry" both changed, as did those of terms such as "technology," "art," "science," "philosophy," and "knowledge." This happened most fundamentally between about 1750 and 1850, a period called a Sattelzeit (transition period) by the German historian Reinhart Koselleck for that very reason. Awareness of those semantic changes is crucial for a better understanding of the changing relationships between chemistry and industry, especially for the period before about 1850.


in lysine catabolism, lead to the rare neurometabolic disorder Glutaric Aciduria type 1 (GA1). There is a rationale that inhibition of the fifth lysine catabolising step, catalysed by the DHTKD1 enzyme, could provide therapeutic benefit for GA1 by means of substrate reduction. This TEP provides early tools to develop DHTKD1 inhibitors, including recombinant protein, structure, biophysical (activity and stability) assays and fragment hits of human DHTKD1. This work also reports the interaction of DHTKD1 with its functional partner DLST as a binary complex, and an EM reconstruction of the DLST catalytic core.


Malignant tumors have been seriously threatening human's life and health.Genetically engineered T cells can reprogram antigen specificity and functions.Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells, also called as the CAR-T cells, is a kind of innovative adoptive therapy based on receptor synthesis.It carries specific antigen receptors and immunoregulatory co-stimulatory molecules independent of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) to achieve efficient response to tumor targets.CAR-T cell therapy is effective in the treatment of hematological tumors, especially CD19-positive leukemia.However, this therapy still faces some obstacles in the treatment of solid malignant tumors.Targeted to overcome these problems, the development of new CAR-T cell therapy strategies for solid tumors is highly anticipated and has promising prospects.

Key words:
Chimeric antigen receptor T cells; Solid tumors; Adoptive T cell transfer


In this month's «GC Troubleshooting», John Hinshaw continues the topic of optimization begun in an earlier column and discusses the effects of column flow rate


The bottleneck of received signal strength (RSS) fingerprinting-based indoor Iocalization is the extensive human effort that required to collect, construct and update radio maps. In this paper, we propose a multi-sensor fusion based method to recover pedestrian (taking smartphone) trajectories and extract fingerprints from the recovered trajectories for radio map construction. The key idea of this method is to employ multi-sensor information to reconstruct the geometry of trajectories and spatially estimate the trajectories in a reference coordinate system (RCS). The fingerprints collected from the trajectories can be integrated to construct radio map without user collaboration or prior knowledge. Experiment results show that the average location labeling error of the fingerprints is 0.67m. By using the constructed radio map, the average Iocalization error is about 3.2m, which is at the same level as the site surveying based radio map. However, this method can significantly the human labor required for radio map construction and updating, which will facilitate the application of fingerprinting-based indoor Iocalization and navigation services.


The effect of Sb doping on 2223 phase of BSCCO system has been studied via XRD and resistance measurement to determine its crystalline structure and critical temperature, TC respectively. Generally, all samples exhibit metallic behaviour above TC onset. The value of zero resistance temperature, TC(R=0) decreased as the content of Sb increased except for sample x = 0.2 that shows the improvement of TC(R=0) by 4 K. This value was compared to that of the pure sample (Sb-free). The Sb2O3 was incorporated into the crystalline structure of BSCCO system since no peaks belong to this oxide was detected in XRD pattern. Samples with Sb content of x ≤ 0.3 were dominated with 2223 phase while other samples (x > 0.3) were dominated with 2212 phase. All samples remain in tetragonal form which is a = b ≠ c. The length of c-lattice that plays an important role of superconducting properties was found to decrease and hence contract the volume of unit cell as the content of Sb increased.


A brief history of the observations which have led to the hypothesis that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH's) are the carriers of the widespread interstellar emission features near 3050, 1615, '1300' and 890 cm(exp -1) (3.29, 6.2, '7.7', and 11.2 mu m) is presented. The central role of airborne spectroscopy is stressed. The principal reason for the assignment to PAH's was the resemblance of the interstellar emission spectrum to the laboratory absorption spectra of PAH's and PAH-like materials. Since precious little information was available on the properties of PAH's in the forms that are thought to exist under interstellar conditions -isolated and ionized in the emission zones, with the smallest PAH's being dehydrogenated- there was a need for a spectral data base on PAH's taken in these states. Here, the relevant infrared spectroscopic properties of PAH's will be reviewed. These laboratory spectra show that relative band intensities are severely altered and that band frequencies shift. It is shown that these new data alleviate several of the spectroscopic criticisms previously leveled at the hypothesis.


If you really want to be smarter, reading can be one of the lots ways to evoke and realize. Many people who like reading will have more knowledge and experiences. Reading can be a way to gain information from economics, politics, science, fiction, literature, religion, and many others. As one of the part of book categories, psychiatric and cognitive disorders in parkinson s disease always becomes the most wanted book. Many people are absolutely searching for this book. It means that many love to read this kind of book.


This paper presents a Gabor-domain scrambling scheme which enables a variety of scrambling options-in time, in frequency, and in the combined time-frequency spaces. The proposed scheme can perform any invertible modification, and not necessarily the commonly permutation operation, rendering the scheme more secure. It is shown that when the oversampled Gabor expansion is used there are modifications which are not legal, and the class of all legal modifications is determined. The synchronization problem usually accompanying the scrambling process is studied. The effect of the Gabor expansion parameters on the synchronization problem and on the security level of the scheme is examined. The performance of the proposed scheme is demonstrated by simulations.<<ETX>>


The DC plate power for the four push-pull power amplifiers of the Tri-University Meson Facility (TRIUMF) RF system is provided by a single DC power supply at 20 kV, 130 A, and the amplifiers are protected by a single ignitron crowbar circuit. Frequent failure of the crowbar ignitrons, following an external DC voltage breakdown, led to the investigation of the crowbar performance. Current transformers have been installed in the common B/sup +/ line to the power amplifiers and the anode circuit of the ignitron crowbar in order to measure amplitude, duration and time delay of various DC currents under fault conditions. Similar current transformers were installed in the individual anode circuits of the power amplifiers to provide protection to the complete system in case of an external DC voltage breakdown. The results of these measurements and recommended solutions for operations are reported.<<ETX>>


The primary aim of this study was to assess the absolute and relative time difference, agreement, sensitivity and positive predictive value of the adapted algorithm of the Activ8 to detect 'active wheelchair use' compared to observations through video recording. Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the criterion validity of the Activ8 to detect "active wheelchair use" and to distinguish 6 types of wheelchair activities using video recordings as a gold standard. Methods: Ten participants who use a manual wheelchair were participants in this study. Data of 2 participants were used for adapting the algorithm and data of 7 participants were used for assessing the criterion validity. Results: Criterion validity for detecting "active wheelchair use" had a relative time difference of 7.4%, agreement of 96%, sensitivity of 98.3%, and positive predictive value of 90%. Results for distinguishing 6 types of wheelchair activities had an agreement of 73%, sensitivity of 67.1%, and positive predictive value of 65.5%. Conclusions: The Activ8 is able to detect "active wheelchair use" in youth using a manual wheelchair. Further development of the algorithm is necessary to distinguish between different types of wheelchair activities.


AbstractRisk compensation theory attempts to explain why and how workers modify their risk-taking behaviors in response to the level of safety intervention they receive. One ramification of this th...


Liversidge Research Lecture delivered before The Royal Society of New South Wales at Sydney University, 1st July, 1998. Reproduced by permission of the Royal Society of New South Wales from J. Proc. Roy. Soc. N.S.W., 1998, 131, 65-75. "New macrocyclic and cage-like receptors have been synthesised. The host-guest complexation behaviour of these species with metal cations and, in one instance, organic guests has been investigated using a range of physical and computational techniques. Emphasis in these studies has been given to the development of systems showing selective host-guest complexation behaviour."


The effect of aligned magnetic field is numerically investigated for mixed convection flow of dusty Casson fluid over a stretching sheet. The governing equations of flow and heat transfer for the two-phase model (fluid and dust) with an appropriate thermal boundary condition which is Newtonian heating (NH) is presented. The similarity transformation is employed to transform the nonlinear governing equations for each phase into the ordinary differential equations which then solved numerically using Runge-Kutta Fehlberg (RKF45) method. Numerical solutions obtained for velocity and temperature distributions are illustrated through graph by varying several physical parameters. It is observed that the fluid velocity decreases with an increase in aligned magnetic field and particle-fluid interaction parameter.


In our current project, we undertake an R&D of a new type of PED device which can be produced with a much lower cost yet has a better spatial resolution, compared to the currently used devices. In the course of this development, we encountered a difficulty of light cross-talk between the scintillator crystals. Large amount of effort has been paid to find out the best material to be used to reduce this cross-talk without reducing the light output and the spatial resolution. The experimental result shows that a black flock paper has the most promising features.


Bismuth-based erbium-doped glass with compositions of 43Bi2O3-30B2O3-27SiO2 are prepared,and the spectroscopic properties such as the intensity parameter,spontaneous emission probability,absorption and emission cross-section of Er3+ ions are calculated and analyzed according to the Judd-Ofelt and McCumber theory,respectively.The signal amplifying characteristics of bismuth-based erbium-doped fiber amplifier(Bi-EDFA) are investigated theoretically based on a three-level model of Er3+ ions under bi-directionally pumped at 1480nm.The numerical simulations show that Bi-EDFA has a signal gain over 40dB and a 3-dB bandwidth of over 75nm when single-wavelength signal is inputted.In addition,Bi-EDFA has a perfect multi-wavelength signal broadband amplification and low noise figure(NF) compared with that of silica-based EDFA,and its low NF(~5.5dB) can sustain beyond 1610nm.The results indicate that Bi-EDFA is a new type of erbium-doped amplifier suitable for WDM system application with a high signal gain per unit length and amplifying bandwidth.


The utility model provides a three-shaft machine with a brake, which comprises a bottom frame, wherein an X axis mechanical arm, a Y axis mechanical arm and a Z axis mechanical arm which are respectively moved on the X direction, Y direction and Z direction are arranged on the bottom frame, a main board which controls the X axis mechanical arm, the Y axis mechanical arm and the Z axis mechanical arm to move through a motor is arranged in the bottom frame, the Z axis mechanical arm comprises a Z axis main synchronizing wheel, a Z axis synchronizing belt, a Z axis step motor and at least one Z axis following wheel, the Z axis step motor is fixedly connected with the Z axis main synchronizing wheel, the Z axis main synchronizing wheel and the Z axis following wheel are connected through the Z axis synchronizing strip in a transmission mode, and a brake is connected on a main spindle of the Z axis step motor. The three-shaft machine with the brake enables a rubber discharge needle tube to move on arbitrarily positions in a three-dimensional space automatically, movement with high precision and high speed can be realized, the brake is connected on the main spindle of the Z axis step motor, and when the Z axis step motor abruptly breaks electricity, objects on the Z axis mechanical arm can be prevented from sliding under the effect of gravity.


This research aimed to develop and evaluation the mechanical properties of a particleboard produced with bamboo particles and coconut fiber in three different experimental conditions. The panels were manufactured with castor oil based polyurethane bi-component resin in three different ratios of the adhesive components (pre-polymer and polyol). Mechanical characterization was conducted to determine modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) in static bending. For the static bending test the better values were to the experimental condition 2, which relate de proportion of 1:1.5 of pre-polymer and polyol, respectively. This best solution is to reduce the amount of pre-polymer in the formulation of the adhesive, due to decreased of use of chemicals most polluting.


Despite the widespread use of self-compacting concrete (SCC) in construction in the last decades, there is not yet a robust quantitative method, available in the literature, which can reliably predict their strength based on the mix components. This is mainly due to the highly non-linear behaviour exhibited by the compressive strength in relation to the components of the concrete mixtures. In the present paper, the application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict the mechanical characteristics of SCC has been investigated. Specifically, ANN models for the prediction of the 28-days compressive strength of admixture-based self-compacting concrete (based on experimental data available in the literature) are presented. The comparison of the derived results with experimental findings demonstrates the promising potential of using back propagation neural networks for the reliable and robust approximation of the compressive strength of self-compacting concrete.


We conducted visible/near infrared optical measurements on the forearm of human subjects using a commercial diffuse reflectance spectrophotometer, and a breadboard temperature- controlled localized reflectance tissue photometer. Calibration relationships were established between skin reflectance signal and reference blood hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, or hematocrit values (Hct). These were then used to predict Hb and Hct values from optical measurement in a cross validation analysis. Different linear least- squares models for the prediction of Hb and Hct are presented and shows the ability to predict both. It was possible to screen prospective blood donors with low Hb concentration. It was possible to predict anemic subjects in the limited prospective blood donor population.


Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to analyse how lawyers in two of the largest European economies manage the contradictory requirements set by anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism finan ...


X-ray pulsar is an effective tool for navigation in deep space exploration. However, the noise contained in X-ray pulsar signal may severely decrease the accuracy of navigation system. This paper presents a signal denoising method based Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) method with thresholding method. For thresholding method, we propose a new adaptive thresholding method which can overcome the shortcomings of fixed thresholding method. In this method, the X-ray pulsar signal is decomposed into several Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs). By analyzing the decomposition procedure, these IMFs are divided to three parts: the noisy part, the useful structure, the IMFs which contain noise and useful structure simultaneously. Then, an adaptive threshold is set to remove the noise from the third part mentioned above. Finally, the signal is reconstructed. In order to demonstrate the validity of the proposed method, this improved method is compared with the conventional EMD based method. Simulation results show the proposed method can achieve better performance than the conventional EMD based denoising method.


The invention from a coherent jet lance assembly copper anode of the solid deposit with the outgoing face of the solid deposit on the bottom of the copper anode furnace in order to melt the solid deposits over a time extension without damage to the furnace refractory material close to the point in the stream conflicts removal or to a system and method for a method for maintaining the furnace.


Under the impression that there would be high load increases and the target levels of service reliability should be ensured, the German utility Hamburgische Electricitats-Werke AG (HEW) of the city-state of Hamburg constructed a large number of 110 kV substations between 1950 and 1970. Given the specific age structure of the substations and the current state of the electrical equipment in use, HEW has taken advantage of the planned renewal of a large 110 kV substation to develop a strategic approach to the timely evaluation of existing high-voltage plant which also allows long-term maintenance measures to be planned. Future refits will be largely influenced by revised considerations of the company's philosophy on service reliability, by the inclusion of long-term load forecasts, and by an integrated rolling planning system for the entire 110 kV distribution network. In view of the expected changes and greater competition on the international electrical energy market, the remaining life time of system equipment must be exploited more strongly in order to reduce high investments for the necessary functional substance conservation of the high-voltage power system. (6 pages)


Together with advanced technologies, internet and cell phone usage became essential components of human life. By the courtesty of increasing * Bu çalışma, 23-25 Kasım 2012 tarihinde Bakü, Azerbaycan'da düzenlenen "I. Uluslararası ve Kurumsal Sosyal Sorumluluk Kongresi"nde özet olarak kabul edilen bildirinin yeniden düzenlenmiş ve genişletilmiş halidir. İnternet ve Cep Telefonu Kullanımının Lojistik Regresyon Yardımıyla Analizi: Atatürk Üniversitesi Lisans Öğrencileri Örneği 480 internet users, Turkey accomplishes to become one of the top ten countries in Europe by the end of 2011. Furthermore, according to the bulletin of Turkish Statistical Institute in 2011, the number of cell phone subscribers exceeded 65 million people by increasing 5,8 percent with respect to previous year, while, third generation (3G) subscribers raised to 35 million people. Monthly mobile usage time of Turkey reaches to 252 minutes and strongly competes with the numbers of European Union member states. All these numbers indicate that internet and cell phone usage are frequently used by young and educated population in Turkey. This paper purposes to determine the frequency of internet and cell phone use of undergraduate students and to introduce the factors affecting internet and cell phone usage. For these purposes, a questionnaire was performed to undergraduate students of Atatürk University. Logistic regression method is a user-friendly technique which does not require normality assumption, when the dependent variable is a binary variable such like 0-1, or when it involves more than two discrete levels. Cross-section data being obtained were evaluated by logistic regression analysis to determine the factors effecting the usage of internet and cell phone usage of undergraduate students.


Objective To establish an efficient wound model with spherical explosive for the study on blast injury and its wound characteristics in maxillofacial region Methods The different spherical explosives were used to produce blast wave The fresh sheep heads as the targets and spherical explosives which explosive energy equal to 1 0 g TNT were used to establish the wound model Wounding parameters of the model and the changes of targets after explosion were observed Results The overpressure of blast wave decreased exponentially according to the distance from explosive,and so does the tissue damage The blast injury with its own characteristics is quite different from other else injury and more serious Especially at the distance of 1 0 cm ,the explosive caused split mandible Conclusions The new explosive wound model with spherical explosive can be used for the study of blast injury in laboratory The injury manner of blast wave and the local anatomy resulted in the special wound characteristics


Cosmic ray interactions with lunar rocks and meteorites produce small amounts of radionuclides and stable isotopes. Advances in Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) allow production rates to be measured routinely in well-documented lunar rocks and meteorites. These measurements are analyzed using theoretical models to learn about the object itself and the history of the cosmic rays that fell on it. Good cross section measurements are essential input to the theoretical calculations. Most primary cosmic ray particles are protons so reliable cross sections for proton-induced reactions are essential. A cross section is deemed accurate if measurements made by different experimenters using different techniques result in consistent values. Most cross sections for proton induced reactions are now well measured. However, good cross section measurements for neutron-induced reactions are still needed. These cross sections are required to fully account for all galactic cosmic ray interactions at depth in an extraterrestrial object. When primary galactic cosmic ray (GCR) particles interact with an object many secondary neutrons are produced, which also initiate spallation reactions. Thus, the total GCR contribution to the overall cosmogenic nuclide archive has to include the contribution from the secondary neutron interactions. Few relevant cross section measurements have been reported for neutron-induced reactions at neutron energies greater than approximately 20 MeV. The status of the cross section measurements using quasi-monoenergetic neutron energies at iThemba LABS, South Africa and white neutron beams at Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE), Los Alamos are reported here.


Florida has laws for both the resident and landlord. This document is FCS5231-02, one of a series of the Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, UF/IFAS Extension. Original publication date: May 2002. Reviewed: December 2005.


A linear ferroresonant machine is described. It is shown with the aid of a digital computer solution of the representative differential equations that the electromechanical system described functions as a nonlinear oscillator with the mechanical member exhibiting self-sustained linear oscillations.


3A1 Electrical conductivity (EC) of 1:5 soil/water extract This test on milled air-dry sample at a soil/water ratio of 1:5 for 1 h is suitable for use on all soils, irrespective of whether acidic or alkaline. It usually underestimates the soluble salt status of soils containing natural or added gypsum, particularly if ≥ 1% of gypsum is present. Such soils would have an EC of about 2 dS/m. Soil EC x 0.336 (Method 3B1) approximates percent total soluble salts, while approximate soil ionic strength (Method 3C1) at 0.1 bar (I0.1) can be calculated as follows: I0.1 = [0.0446*EC1:5 – 0.000173], where I0.1 has units of mM, and EC1:5 has units of dS/m @ 25 o C.


This paper introduces a design method of a kind of Microcomputer Controlled Oblique Cutting Machine Controller .The con-troller takes the MCS51 MCU as the main controller, uses CH451 driving LED and keyboard, uses step motor driving synchronous belt and has the photoelectrical switch as the limit switch. This controller reveals intuitively, accurately. It has high control precision, high an-ti-jamming ability, the ease of operation, high performance-to-price ratio and advanced merit of security. It has represented the develop-ment trend of oblique cutting machine controllers. The anti-jamming design of the controller is also introduced in this paper.


Nanostructured polyaniline (PANI) has the ability of fast and reversible acid/base doping/dedoping, multicolor changes and electron-donating/accepting using surface or near-surface reactions. Here we report PANI films with 3D ordered nanostructures through template-assisted electrodeposition method and aim to study the ion diffusion behavior as well as optical switching properties. It is found the ion diffusion coefficient is greatly increased because of the chain and crystalline structural modulation of deposited polyaniline arising from the template confinement effect. The ion diffusion reversibility and ion storage olyaniline rdered macroporous on diffusion ptical switching of 3D ordered macroporous (3DOM) PANI is highly improved due to the interconnected porous structure, which benefits for the fast penetration of ions. The optical switching properties of 3DOM PANI are also highly enhanced especially in the infrared region mainly because of the extended optical transmission path associated with the interconnected porous structure. The outstanding ion/electron doping/dedoping performance and better interaction with lights shown here render the ordered porous polyaniline a promising candidate as high-density electrochemical/electrochromic energy materials.


ABSTRACT Distribution of maximum or minimum values (extreme values) of a dataset is especially used in natural phenomena including sea waves, flow discharge, wind speeds, and precipitation and it is also used in many other applied sciences such as reliability studies and analysis of environmental extreme events. So if we can explain the extremal behavior via statistical formulas, we can estimate how their behavior would be in the future. In this paper, we study extreme values of maximum precipitation in Zahedan using maximal generalized extreme value distribution, which all maxima of a data set are modeled using it. Also, we apply four methods to estimate distribution parameters including maximum likelihood estimation, probability weighted moments, elemental percentile and quantile least squares then compare estimates by average scaled absolute error criterion and obtain quantiles estimates and confidence intervals. In addition, goodness-of-fit tests are described. As a part of result, the return period of maximum precipitation is computed.


This paper analyses the competitive equilibrium dynamics of a decentralized production economy populated by infinitely lived boundedly rational households. At every time period, I assume that the representative household uses simple least squares learning schemes consistent with the economy's balanced growth path to predict oneperiod ahead real input prices along with future streams of physical capital holdings and consumption. Under these hypotheses, future plans can be revised as time unfolds, and analytical solutions to the representative household's lifetime planning problem exist for a standard class of preferences. For some specifications of the model's main functional forms, competitive equilibrium trajectories may exhibit opposite dynamic properties depending whether the underlying information set accommodates all contemporary data. Calibrated to the U.S. economy, the model in its deterministic version may generate cyclical or chaotic competitive equilibrium trajectories that do not exist under perfect foresight. If random productivity shocks are introduced, the competitive equilibrium trajectories under least squares learning are more volatile than under the rational expectations hypothesis.


Abstract Interfaith engagement provokes discomfort and concern for many student affairs professionals who feel unprepared to facilitate constructive, interactive initiatives regarding the challenging area of religious and worldview diversity. Goodman, Giess, and Patel respond to these challenges with Education About Religious Diversity and Interfaith Engagement: A Handbook for Student Affairs, which they intend as a practical guidebook for practitioners to develop professionally and create effective programs that contribute to their diverse campus communities. Their edited work highlights a model of religious pluralism, inclusive of all religious, spiritual, and secular worldviews, and recommends numerous efforts to strive toward that ideal. Their work represents a valuable resource for student affairs professionals in addressing the complex dynamics inherent in interfaith work, an arena that needs substantial attention within the context of a divided and polarized American and global society.


Compound 1, the structure of which has been assigned to the marine natural product haliclorensin, was prepared by an unambiguous synthetic pathway and subjected to spectroscopic analysis. The derived data do not match those reported for the natural product.


Abstract Three ensiled barley varieties ('CDC Cowboy', 'CDC Copeland', and 'Xena') selected for differences in 30 h neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD30h) were fed at two (LOW and HIGH) inclusion rates to study their effects on performance of crossbred steers (n = 288) in a 3 × 2 factorial design. Diets with the LOW inclusion level during backgrounding had a 1:1 barley silage:barley grain ratio, whereas HIGH diets had a 2:1 ratio (% DM basis). Respective ratios during finishing were 1:17 and 1:5. Actual NDFD30h averaged 37.6% ± 3.5%, 34.7% ± 3.8%, and 36.9% ± 3.0% for 'CDC Cowboy', 'CDC Copeland', and 'Xena', respectively. Backgrounding diets containing 'CDC Cowboy' as well as the HIGH diets had greater (P < 0.01) acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content. Steers fed 'CDC Cowboy' as well as the HIGH diets during backgrounding had lower (P < 0.01) dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), and end of backgrounding body weight. During finishing, ADG and DMI were greater (P < 0.01) for steers fed HIGH barley silage diets. The results indicate that barley variety and inclusion level had the greatest impact during backgrounding and highlight the difficulty in choosing barley varieties for silage based on a single nutritional parameter like NDFD30h.


Disclosed is a light emitting module wherein a foot portion (12) is formed so as to protrude from the back surface (11B) of a lens surface (11S) and a lens (11) is attached to a mounting substrate (21) by having the tip (12t) of the foot portion (12) and a mounting surface (21U) of the mounting substrate (21) closely adhere to each other.


To study the properties of moisture absorption and retention by polysaccharides from Enteromorpha linza.The polysaccharides were purified by anion-exchange chromatography(a DEAE-Sepharose FF column).The monosaccharide residues were analyzed by HPLC(SHIMADZU-20A).The properties of moisture absorption and retention of polysaccharides from Enteromorpha linza were investigated by controlling the relative humidity,and compared with glycerol and hyaluronic acid.The main composition of the polysaccharides was glucurono-xylomannorhamnan.The polysaccharides had two sub-fractions;the ratio of xylose/rhamnose for one fraction was 1.1:11,and 1:3.28.for the other.The polysaccharides and hyaluronic acid had similar properties of moisture absorption and retention.The Polysaccharides from Enteromorpha linza had distinct moisture-preserving activity,and can be further studied as a type of natural moisturizer.


Air pollution data obtained using automated machines often contain missing values which can cause bias due to systematic differences between observed and unobserved data. We used interpolation and mean imputation techniques to replace simulated missing values from annual hourly monitoring data for PM10. The most effective method for generating the missing data points was to replace each missing value with the mean of the two data points before and after the missing value. This approach was referred to as the mean-before-after method.


The analytical closed-form solution for the deflection of a novel beam-shaped shear-mode PZT actuator is derived. The actuator can be applied in a microfluidic system. Its active region possesses two oppositely poled segments separated by one non-poled segment. The deflections in four cases of segment dimensional designs are compared between the analytical solution and the ANSYS FEM solution. The two solutions show good agreement. And the maximum deflection of the case with a symmetrical design is the largest. Moreover, an experiment for the sample with symmetrical design is performed and the actual shear piezoelectric coefficient is obtained. Based on the actual coefficient, the experimental result agrees with the analytical solution very well.


Summary

The hygroscopic behaviour of freeze dried bananas at several temperatures is presented. The adsorption isotherms were of sigmoid shape and the particle size of the freeze dried materials did not affect the general isothermal behaviour. The limits for caking were found at a water activity (aw) of about 0.33 at 38°C. The results fit the Henderson equation quite well at the four temperatures under test.


【In order to study effects of Yukmiziwhang-Whan on the growth of rats, we divided the experimental rats into two groups(Control&Sample groups) and peformed the experimental study. Sample group was administered the extract of Yukmiziwhang-Whan 1.6ml/100g for 4 weeks, and Control group was administered equal dose of normal saline. We measured the body weight, the length of femur and tibia, the level of serum growth hormone, T3, T4, Insulin and testosterone. The results are summarized as follows : 1) The body weight was not changed compared with Control group. 2) The lengths of femur and tibia in the Sample group was longer than that of Control group, but it was not statistically significant. 3) The level of serum growth hormone in the Sample group significantly increased compared with Control group(p ${\ulcorner}Yukmiziwhang-Whan{\lrcorner}$ are assumed to have effective activity on the growth of rats.】


Imazethapyr (2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-ethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid,) alone and in combination with other herbicides, was applied preplant incorporated, preemergence, and postemergence (PPI, PRE, POST) to pinto beans to determine weed control and selectivity to the crop. All of the herbicides improved pinto bean yield as compared with the unweeded control. Imazethapyr applied PPI and POST provided excellent control of black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.), kochia (Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad), Russian thistle (Salsola iberica Sennen & Pau), prostrate and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus blitoides S. Wats and Amaranthus retroflexus L.). Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.) control with imazethapyr ranged from 58 to 96% and increased to 98% or better when imazethapyr was combined with metolachlor (2-chloroN-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl)acetamide), pendimethalin (N-(1-ethylpropyl)-3,4dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenenamine), trifluralin (2,6-dinitroN,N-dipropyl-4-(trifluoromethyl)benenamine), or EPTC (S-ethyl dipropyl carbamothioate). Pinto bean yield was not reduced from any herbicide treatment compared to the hand-weeded control. CONTENTS Materials and methods .................................................1 Results and discussion .................................................2 References ...................................................................4


LEED analysis of the clean annealed surface of a {l angle}110{r angle} oriented Pt{sub 3}Sn single crystal surface indicates the formation of a multilayer surface phase which does not have the L1{sub 2} bulk structure. LEISS analysis indicates a surface stoichiometry of ca. 1:1 with Sn atoms displaced ca. 1.4 above the plane of Pt atoms. The surface phase is hypothesized to be a rhombic distortion of the {l angle}0001{r angle} plant of PtSn, which has a B8{sub 1} (NiAs-type) bulk structure. It is not clear whether the phase forms by precipitation of PtSn due to a slight (0.5%) stoichiometric excess of Sn in the bulk, or due to multilayer reconstruction driven by surface segregation. 20 refs., 3 figs.


We provide a macroeconomic theory where demand for goods has a productive role. A search friction prevents perfect matching between producers and potential customers. Larger demand induces more search, which in turn increases GDP. We embed the product-market friction in a standard neoclassical model and estimate it using Bayesian techniques. Business cycles are driven by preference shocks, true technology shocks, and investment-specific shocks. Preference shocks account for a large share of the fluctuations in consumption, GDP, and the Solow residual. The dynamics of the model's implied search effort matches the empirical fall in U.S. shopping time during the Great Recession.


The aim of the paper is to evaluate the technological and economic demands on the construction of multi-storey reinforced concrete monolithic buildings for administrative purposes incorporating the stages of construction, technological stages and selected partial construction processes. The entry criteria for objects that are included in monitoring and evaluation are their identical location, used technologies, mechanization, built-in materials and their purpose. The purpose of the paper is to prepare tables for the professional and academic public for a rough idea of the proportional representation of time and financial consumption in the construction of this type of object, for selected stages of construction, technological stages and selected partial construction processes.


Expressions of the genes involved in the cytokinin (CK) phosphorelay signaling circuitry in petunia (Petunia hybrida Vilm.) were investigated with regard to the large-flowered trait induced by the semidominant Grandiflora (G) gene. We isolated three cDNAs encoding type-A response regulators (RRs, PhRR1-3) and one cDNA encoding CK receptor histidine protein kinase (PhHK). Expression levels of PhRR1-3 and PhHK in the developing corolla were markedly higher in large-flowered cultivars with the Gg genotype than in small- and medium-flowered cultivars with the gg genotype. Higher expression levels of PhRR1-3 and PhHK in the Gg than in the gg genotypes was also consistent in BC4 plants in which the genetic background except for G allele was mostly uniform. These results suggest that Gg genotype induces a high expression level of PhRR1-3 and PhHK. These changes in expression caused by the G allele were the same as those caused by the CK response. Since type-A RRs repress CK signaling, the G-allele-induced high expression levels of PhRR1-3 presumably have partial inhibitory effects on G-allele-induced corolla enlargement.


Using the traditional Sagdeev pseudopotential approach, the existence of large amplitude solitons is investigated for a plasma composed of cold negative dust, adiabatic positive dust, non‐thermal ions and Boltzmann electrons. The lower and upper soliton Mach number limitations are determined as a function of various parameters and physical reasons are provided as to why these Mach number limits occur. Some regions in parameter space have been identified where only negative or positive solitons occur, whereas, other regions support the coexistence of both positive and negative potential solitons.


The main topic of my bachelor's desartation is analysis of teenagers free time spending with regards to different types of high schools. The main subject was the research on selected types of schools followed by in-depth analysis. In the theoretical part the definitions of free time activities and life style were explained. There are many points of view on free time activities with regards to the environment, history, present situation, children and teenagers perspectives and problems. The practical part was focused on the questionnaire design and analysis of the results regarding to the adolescent free time activities. The tables are followed with the relevant comments and are organised in accordance with the type of high school and than summarised for demonstrative comparison.


Three days following admission to hospital for dehydration and renal failure a 71-yearold man developed inflammation of the eyes. An ophthalmic ointment containing 10 per cent sulfacetamide sodium and 0. 025 per cent prednisolone was to be placed in the patient's eyes every 6 hours. Twenty-four hours after treatment with the ointment was begun the patient developed weeping and swelling of the eyes; the ointment was discontinued. The


Through SOWT approach,this paper analyzes the strength,the weakness, the opportunity as well as the threat in Hunan Liling electronic appliance and porcelain Torch Co.Ltd,offering a theoritical basis for the scientific development strategy.


The technological training and the entrepreneurial preparation as its part are compared. Their characteristic features are reviewed. Recommendations are made on initial entrepreneurial education.


Section heading: Love. Reference: J Ortega, 1967, On Love: Aspects of a Single Theme, J Cape, London. Notes: The more a man one is, the more he is filled to the brim with rationality Back of card is blank.


Objective To investigate the pathological characteristics of intestinal neuronal dysplasia type B ( IND(B))on conventional histological sections. Methods The morphology and number of plexus and ganglion cell of the resected specimens from 48 cases with Hirschsprung's disease (HD) and allied HD were studied. The specimen were resected by the longitudinal, whole layer, same length, and compared with the normal controls. Results In IND (B) cases, the numbers of ganglion cell were increased in myenteric plexuses.The giant ganglia ( 81.25 %) and isolated ganglion cell (50%) were observed. Conclusion The appearance of giant ganglia and isolated ganglion cell, increasing in ganglion cell density are important fefatures of IND (B) .


CFD software was used to separately simulate and study benzene pollutant concentration distribution in an office under natural ventilation,the replacement ventilation and single side supply side return ventilation by changing the position of pollution source.Proper position of pollution sources and the most reasonable ventilation mode were obtained by analyzing and contrasting.Results showed that the most proper position of pollutant sources was the position 3 under three ventilation modes.When benzene pollutant sources were at position 3,average concentration of benzene of various planes for natural ventilation was relatively the maximum value,while indoor air pollutant concentration was relatively the lowest for single side supply side return mode,and replacement ventilation was between the two ventilation modes.The condition that pollution sources at position 3 under single side supply side return mode was finally determined as the best physical model.Ventilation effect in the office was relatively the best under the model and indoor air pollution could be effectively removed.Different position of pollutant sources could result in the change of air quality in the office.


This article is within the field of historical and cultural studies. Thus, the historical analysis employed here aims at understanding the literary artistic phenomenon, namely the XIX century Romantic Indianism. In this aspect, Indianism is seen as a historical invention, that is, it arises involuntarily within the European thought and within the Romantism aesthetic precepts, which later became the result of writers' conscientious work and project in order to create both a national culture and literature, having the Indian as its central figure. Thus, the role of the Instituto Historico e Geografico Brasileiro (Brazil's Historical and Geographical Institute - IHGB) is analyzed in this historical invention process. Furthermore, the IHGB was the main stage of a fierce argument on the viability of making literature having the Indian as its central figure, showing the different positions the intellectuals of the period held about the Indianist Literature.


The water distribution problem of the Mexican Valley is modeled as a three-person no uncooperative Game in which agriculture, industry, and domestic water users are the players and the total water Amounts supplied to the users are the payoff functions. The equilibrium is determined by solving a nonlinear optimization problem, which can be derived based on the Kuhn-Tucker necessary Conditions. All constraints are linear and the objective function is quadratic, so standard solution Algorithm and software can be used.


FIELD: medicine, pharmaceutics. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to method of obtaining highly dispersed meloxicame by fast cooling of meloxicame solution in 1,4-dioxane to the temperature of liquid nitrogen with further removal of solvent from formed mixture of solid phases in vacuumed thermostated vessel at pressure <5·10 -2 mm Hg and temperature lower than temperature of 1,4-dioxane melting. Fast cooling of solution is performed by dispersion of solution into vessel with liquid nitrogen or spraying solution on copper plate at liquid nitrogen temperature. Solvent removal is performed mainly at temperature 3°C, drying being carried out in flow of dry gas (nitrogen of argon) at pressure 100 Pa. EFFECT: obtaining of highly dispersed meloxicame. 5 cl, 3 dwg, 2 ex


This paper has firstly illustrated the general developing situation of imaging fuze both at home and abroad and the imaging theory of one-off passing by the targets, furthermore, the paper has introduced an automation target and its portion recognition method of fuze. Therefore it has improved the technical performance, such as automation target recognition, intelligence igniting and the anti-jamming capability.


ABSTRACT By means of the high ratings that they awarded to subprime mortgage‐backed bonds, the three major rating agencies—Moody's, Standard & Poor's, and Fitch—played a central role in the current financial crisis. Without these ratings, it is doubtful that subprime mortgages would have been issued in such huge amounts, since a major reason for the subprime lending boom was investor demand for high‐rated bonds—much of it generated by regulations that made such bonds mandatory for large institutional investors. And it is even less likely that such bonds would have become concentrated on the balance sheets of the banks, for which they were rewarded by capital regulations that tilted toward high‐rated securities. Why, then, were the agencies excessively optimistic in their ratings of subprime mortgage‐backed securities? A combination of their fee structure, the complexity of the bonds that they were rating, insufficient historical data, some carelessness, and market pressures proved to be a potent brew. This combination was enabled, however, by seven decades of financial regulation that, beginning in the 1930s, had conferred the force of law upon these agencies' judgments about the creditworthiness of bonds and that, since 1975, had protected the three agencies from competition.


[Objective]The study aimed to investigate the yield-increasing effect of formula and zinc fertilizer on winter wheat planted in the soil with different zinc content.[Method]It was carried out on the field with different gradient zinc soil in Pingxiang County.[Result]Zinc fertilizer had the most obvious effect on increasing winter wheat yield by 10.8%,when the content of available zinc in tilth soil was 0.68 mg / kg.Compared with the yield of formula fertilizer treatment,the yield of formula fertilizer and Zn treatment had no obvious change in the tilth soil,which kept the content of available zinc 1.34 mg / kg and 1.57 mg / kg,respectively.Zinc fertilizer had the most obvious effect on decreasing winter wheat yield,when the content of available zinc in tilth soil was 2.26 mg / kg,and the amount was 390 kg / hm2.In contrast to the convention and formula fertilization treatment,the treatment of formula fertilizer and Zn(15 kg / hm2ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O) increased the content of available zinc in tilth soil significantly.There was no significant difference to be found between conventional and formula fertilization treatment.[Conclusion] Based on the yield responses and the content of available zinc in tilth,zinc fertilizer should be applied to the soil,in which the content of available zinc in tilth was lower than 1.0 mg / kg.11.3-15 kg / hm2ZnSO 4 ·7H 2 O was preferred every other year.It wasn't necessary to apply zinc fertilizer,when the content of available zinc in tilth was higher than 1.0 mg / kg.Compared with conventional fertilization,formula fertilization had good economical and ecological efficiency that should be popularized vigorously.


This paper presents a $64\times64$ dual mode flash LIDAR sensor that utilizes a triple integration timing technique. The sensor, fabricated in 130 nm HV CMOS, is capable of operating in both a direct time-of-flight (ToF) mode where the timestamp of the first arriving photon is recorded per-pixel, as well as a photon counting mode where the number of photons is recorded over a time interval. The timing technique utilizes both a time-to-digital converter (TDC) and a time-to-amplitude converter (TAC) with a counter measuring global clock cycles and the triple integration interpolator (TII) measuring between clock cycles. The TII uses an analog integration with an additional two reference integrations allowing the time measurement to be resistant to PVT variation and in turn, allowing the circuit to be miniaturized without causing a large timing non-uniformity across the array. Utilizing the TII, the sensor achieves a state-of-the-art timing performance, with a resolution of 13 ps (1.95 mm depth resolution), a maximum range of 220 $\mu \text{s}$ (32 km), a single-shot jitter of 233 ps, and a differential non-linearity (DNL) of 6 ps (0.47 LSB). The sensor captures at a maximum frame rate of 8,300 fps and consumes 733 mW during operation. Experimental scenarios demonstrating the operation of the sensor are also provided.


As the complexity of software is increasing,the cycle of software development and cost are also increasing. And people have paid more and more attention to the question that how to assure and improve the software quality. This paper not only explains the definition of software quality and developing phases of quality model,but also analyses the process of software quality metrics and validation of quality metrics. At the same time,it introduces several methods of software quality metrics. Finally,related future trends of research in this field is listed.


The aim of this work was to implement an automatic application (AA) for the quantification of the striatum transaxial slices based on [123I]FP-CIT SPECT (Single Photon Emission Tomography) images.A sample of 68 subjects with and without pathology was collected from the nuclear medicine department of the Hospital Particular de Almada.In order to compare the striatum specific uptake ratios (SUR), a semi-automatic application (SAA) was also developed allowing manual adjustments by a specialist operator. The obtained results were compared with the DaTSCAN® V4 application, from General Electric Healthcare. The experimental results based on SUR demonstrate that the AA can successfully discriminate the healthy patients from the pathological subjects. Additionally, a strong correlation was verified between the AA and the semi-automatic methods (DaTSCAN® V4 and the SAA). These methods also evidence intra and inter-operator variability, suppressed by the AA.The proposed methodology for segmentation and quantification of the striatum transaxial images obtained by [123I]FP-CIT SPECT demonstrated that the developed application can accurately complement the visual analysis, requiring future optimization.


The Project will provide the funding for the Taze Ay Group to expand and build the processing capacity of the halal-type meat products. The Project will also involve an increase in the working capital (additional raw materials, etc.) and expansion of the d


The invention discloses a dynamic random access memory comprising a substrate, bit lines, word lines, a concave channel, a conductive plunger and a trench type capacitor, wherein the bit lines are configured on the substrate in a first direction, and the word lines are configured on the bit lines in a second direction. The concave channel is positioned in the substrate between the two bit lines below the word lines, and the conductive plunger is connected with the concave channel and the bit lines. The trench type capacitor is configured in the substrate between the two bit lines outside the concave channel. The word lines can be electrically connected with the concave channel directly in the mode of without increasing a chip area, so the access time of the word lines can be accelerated without increasing the chip size.


Let f and g be two linear forms with non-zero rational coefficients in k and ' variables, respectively. We describe all separable polynomials P with the property that for any choice of (not necessarily distinct) roots 1; . . . ; kþ' of P the quotient between fð 1; . . . ; kÞ and gð kþ1; . . . ; kþ'Þ 61⁄4 0 belongs to Q. It turns out that each such polynomial has all of its roots in a quadratic extension of Q. This is a continuation of a recent work of Luca who considered the case when k 1⁄4 ' 1⁄4 2, fðx1; x2Þ and gðx1; x2Þ are both x1 x2, solved it, and raised the above problem as an open question.


Lattice network coding is recently proposed as a practical implementation of Nazer-Gastpar's compute-and-forward relaying strategy. Previous investigation of lattice network coding is mainly over finite fields. In this paper, we extend lattice network coding from finite fields to finite rings. In addition to having its own theoretical interest, this extension provides an alternative viewpoint of Nazer-Gastpar's relaying strategy and this extension expands the design space of lattice network codes. In particular, we show that this extension enables the use of complex Construction D to design lattice network codes, leading to potentially higher encoder rates.


PURPOSE: A heterodyne laser interferometer with an improved phase detector is provided to enhance precision in phase difference detection and measure the displacement of an object caused by micro-vibration with high resolution and high repetition rate. CONSTITUTION: A heterodyne laser interferometer comprises a laser source(100) which creates a laser beam having at least two frequency components(f1,f2), an interference optical system(110) which splits the path of the laser beam to provide a reference beam and a measurement beam, and a phase detector(130) which comprises a TDC(Time to Digital Converter) module and a logic module. The TDC module detects the phases of electro-optical signals corresponding to the reference beam and the measurement beam by measuring each zero-crossing time of the electro-optical signals. The logic module calculates the phase difference between the electro-optical signals.


Tailor (Pomatomus saltatrix) is a schooling species with a world-wide distribution in subtropical waters that inhabits the coastal waters of southern Australia (Williams 2002). Its distribution in Australian waters ranges from the northern tip of Fraser Island in Queensland to Onslow in Western Australia (Kailola et al. 1993).
Queensland commercial and recreational fishers target these schools on ocean beaches between Fraser Island and the New South Wales border, during their annual spawning migration between late winter and spring (Leigh and O'Neill 2004). The estimated harvest of tailor for the commercial sector is 155 t (2004–05), and between 450 and 540 t (2002) by recreational fishers.
The Queensland tailor fishery is managed by the Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries under the Fisheries Regulation 1995. The current management arrangements include spatial and seasonal closures, minimum legal size limit, limited commercial entry, annual commercial quota and recreational possession limit.
The Long Term Monitoring Program (LTMP) monitors the tailor stock by investigating the length, weight, sex and age of the commercially and recreationally caught tailor from the ocean beach sector. This report presents a summary of the data collected from 1999 to 2004.
Since 1999, the LTMP has collected 14 486 tailor with over half of those fish collected from zones not included in the seasonal closures. The modal length frequency of tailor was between 300 and 370 mm for all years, sexes and regions. There was a significant relationship between length and weight of tailor, yet no difference between sex or region. The majority of tailor collected were aged as one and two year olds, with very few tailor collected of age three or older. The growth of tailor was similar for both sexes and all regions.
The majority of the length and age frequency data are representative of the recreational ocean beach fishery on Fraser Island, which is only part of the fishery. It is therefore suggested to extend the monitoring of the commercial catch samples and the recreational catch samples to other regions of the sampling area. There were also limited samples collected of tailor larger than 500 mm and at the age of three years or older. Any extension of the program should also focus on acquiring samples of larger fish to help complete the tailor growth curve.


Confucian theory of human nature considers that the integration of heaven and man is the state of benevolence of the unity of 'goodness' noumenon and 'honesty' reality from the human being.In order to bring about this state,man must make the most of himself,the others and the substance in reality.This theory can provide not only a theoretical frame for explaining the contemporary separation of sports noumenon and sports reality,but also a reference way to achieve the realistic integration of noumenon of humanity sports with reality of morality sports.


s From Other Journals Sarowitz BN, Davis GJ, Kim S Outcome and prognostic factors following curative-intent surgery for oral tumours in dogs: 234 cases (2004 to 2014). J Small Anim Pract. 2017;58(3):146-153 Objectives: To describe the long-term outcomes and prognostic factors associated with curative-intent surgery for oral tumours in a large series of dogs. Methods: Retrospective review of records for dogs with oral tumours treated with curative-intent surgery. Data collected included signalment, weight, surgical procedure, lymph node staging results, computed tomography results, tumour size, histopathology results including margin evaluation, complications, adjunctive therapies, local recurrence or metastasis, date and cause of death and owner satisfaction. Results: Median cause-specific survival was shortest for malignant melanoma (206 days) and osteosarcoma (209 days). Local recurrence rate was highest for fibrosarcoma (54.2%) and distant metastatic rate was highest for malignant melanoma (30%). Curative-intent surgery resulted in complete surgical margins in 85.2% of cases. Clinical Significance: Results suggest tumour type, completeness of excision, tumour size, and age may affect disease-free interval and cause-specific survival. Fibrosarcoma had a higher risk of recurrence compared to other tumour types. Liptak JM, Thatcher GP, Bray JP Reconstruction of a mandibular segmental defect with a customized 3-dimensional-printed titanium prosthesis in a cat with a mandibular osteosarcoma. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2017;250(8):900-908 Case Description: A 12-year-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat had been treated for a mass arising from the lingual aspect of the caudal right mandibular body. Cytoreductive surgery of the mass had been performed twice over a 2-year period, but the mass recurred following both surgeries. The mass was diagnosed as an osteosarcoma, and the cat was referred for further evaluation and treatment. Clinical Findings: Clinical findings were unremarkable, except for a 2-cm-diameter mass arising from the lingual aspect of the right mandible and mild anemia and lymphopenia. Preand postcontrast CT scans of the head, neck, and thorax were performed, revealing that the osteosarcoma was confined to the caudal right mandibular body, with no evidence of lymph node or pulmonary metastasis. Treatment and Outcome: The stereolithographic files of the CT scan of the head were sent for computer-aided design and manufacture of a customized 3-D-printed titanium prosthesis. Segmental mandibulectomy was performed, and the mandibular defect was reconstructed in a single stage with the 3-D-printed titanium prosthesis. The cat had 1 minor postoperative complication but had no signs of eating difficulties at any point after surgery. The cat was alive and disease free 14 months postoperatively. Clinical Relevance: Reconstruction of the mandible of a cat following mandibulectomy was possible with computer-aided design and manufacture of a customized 3-D-printed titanium prosthesis. Cats have a high rate of complications following mandibulectomy, and these initial findings suggested that mandibular reconstruction may reduce the risk of these complications and result in a better functional outcome. Bray JP, Kersley A, Downing W, Crosse KR, Worth AJ, House AK, Yates G, Coomer AR, Brown IWM Clinical outcomes of patient-specific porous titanium endoprostheses in dogs withtumors of the mandible, radius, or tibia: 12 cases (2013-2016). J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2017;251(5):566-579 Objective: To characterize the processes involved in and outcomes achieved with custom-designed patient-specific implants to provide functional replacement of skeletal structures in dogs with tumors of the mandible, radius, or tibia. Design: Prospective case series. Animals: 6 dogs with mandibular tumors, 5 with tumors of the distal aspect of the radius, and 1 with a tumor in the distal aspect of the tibia treated from June 2013 to September 2016 at 3 referral centers. Procedures: After tumor staging, implants were designed from patients' CT scans by means of various computer-aided design applications and printed by means of selective laser melting in titanium-6 aluminum-4 vanadium alloy. A cutting jig was created in thermoplastic to ensure each osteotomy was performed as planned. Following ostectomy, the implant was secured into the defect with screws of appropriate size and length. Results: Initial return to normal clinical function was good to excellent for 11 of the 12 dogs. However, major complications resulted in revision of the implant or amputation of the limb in 5 dogs, and at least 3 of these complications were considered a consequence of faulty implant design or manufacturing. Infection developed in 2 dogs and was successfully treated in 1 dog. The longest-surviving dog maintained good limb function for 2 years. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: This is the largest reported series of dogs managed with customized 3-D-printed titanium implants. The 3-D Journal of Veterinary Dentistry 2017, Vol. 34(4) 288-289 a The Author(s) 2017 Reprints and permission: sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav DOI: 10.1177/0898756417742251 journals.sagepub.com/home/jov printing allowed complex and patient-specific 3-D geometries to be fabricated, enabling function-sparing treatment of bone cancer affecting multiple anatomic sites. Greiner CL, Verstraete FJM, Stover SM, Garcia TC, Leale D, Arzi B Biomechanical evaluation of two plating configurations for fixation of a simple transverse caudal mandibular fracture model in cats. Am J Vet Res. 2017;78(6):702-711 Objective: To evaluate biomechanical properties of intact feline mandibles, compared with those for mandibles with an experimentally created osteotomy that was stabilized with 1 of 2 internal fixation configurations. Samples: 20 mandibles from 10 adult feline cadavers. Procedures: An incomplete block study design was used to assign the mandibles of each cadaver to 2 of 3 groups (locking plate with locking screws [locking construct], locking plate with nonlocking screws [nonlocking construct], or intact). Within each cadaver, mandibles were randomly assigned to the assigned treatments. For mandibles assigned to the locking and nonlocking constructs, a simple transverse osteotomy was created caudal to the mandibular first molar tooth after plate application. All mandibles were loaded in cantilever bending in a single-load-to-failure test while simultaneously recording load and actuator displacement. Mode of failure (bone or plate failure) was recorded, and radiographic evidence of tooth root and mandibular canal damage was evaluated. Mechanical properties were compared among the 3 groups. Results: Stiffness, bending moments, and most post-yield energies for mandibles with the locking and nonlocking constructs were significantly lower than those for intact mandibles. Peak bending moment and stiffness for mandibles with the locking construct were significantly greater than those for mandibles with the nonlocking construct. Mode of failure and frequency of screw damage to tooth roots and the mandibular canal did not differ between the locking and nonlocking constructs. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Results indicated that both fixation constructs were mechanically inferior to intact mandibles. The locking construct was mechanically stronger than the nonlocking construct. Ng KK, Fiani N, Peralta S. Diagnostic imaging in veterinary dental practice. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2017;251(3):281-283. No abstract available. Skinner AA, Niemiec BA. Diagnostic imaging in veterinary dental practice. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2017;250(12):1373-1376. No abstract available. Collados J, Rice CA. Diagnostic imaging in veterinary dental practice. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2017 Jun 1;250(11):1239-1241. No abstract available. Castejon-Gonzalez A, Villamizar-Martinez L, Reiter AM. Diagnostic imaging in veterinary dental practice. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2017;250(10):1101-1103. No abstract available. Tjepkema J. Diagnostic imaging in veterinary dental practice. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2017;250(8):847-850. No abstract available. Departments, Announcements, and News 289


647 construction is computationally intensive and thus for many years was not suitable for CT because of the inability to reconstruct images based on the large amount of CT projection data in a timely fashion. With advancements in computing power, iterative reconstruction techniques can now be applied to CT and, in fact, a blend of both iterative reconstruction and FBP may be used. This issue of the American Journal of Roentgenology features two articles by Leipsic et al. [2, 3] on the use of iterative reconstruction for coronary CTA, a technique with substantial implications for radiation dose reduction. The first article explores different blends of FBP and iterative reconstruction. With adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR, GE Healthcare), the vendor implementation of iterative reconstruction used in the authors' study, it has been recognized that CT images reconstructed with 100% ASIR, which allows the largest reduction of noise and radiation, can manifest a "plastic" quality that is displeasing to interpreters. The authors found that the best image quality scores were obtained using 40% or 60% ASIR. In the second article, they assessed 574 patients from three institutions, of whom 331 underwent scanning with FBP reconstruction and the remainder with ASIR using similar gating, kVp, and scan length. There was a 27% reduction in radiation dose without an adverse effect on signal, noise, and signal-to-noise ratio. There are some limitations to the study, including the use of only a single interpreter and the lack of blinding to the type of protocol. These studies signal an important advance in managing radiation dose for patients undergoing coronary CTA. A major advantage of iterative reconstruction is that it is supplemental to other radiation reduction techniques, and thus it is not necessary to compromise on the choice of protocol. Moreover, in patients with borderline image quality due to noise for Radiation Redux for Coronary CT Angiography: How Low Can We Go?


Traditional culture of ethnic groups is an indispensable component of Chinese culture. Strengthening legislation and perfecting the protection of ethnic groups' traditional culture have an important significance for inheriting and developing Chinese culture.At present,there are still many faults and deficiencies in protecting ethnic groups' traditional culture in our country,thus legislation in this field and the protection of ethnic groups' traditional culture should be further enhanced.


After remarking that the perfect strictness of the demonstrations in Geometry is generally admitted, the author of the paper cited the almost universal belief in the soundness of Euclid's reasoning as a notable example of wide-spread credulity. He then enunciated the proposition that our knowledge of the truths of geometry is altogether derived from experience.


The invention relates to a light emitting device and the light emitting device package thereof. The light emitting device includes a light emitting structure including a second conduction type semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a first conduction type semiconductor layer, a second electrode layer arranged under the light emitting structure, a first electrode layer having at least portion extending to contact the first conduction type semiconductor layer passing the second conduction type semiconductor layer and the active layer, and an insulating layer arranged between the second electrode layer and the first electrode layer, between the second conduction type semiconductor layer and the first electrode layer, and between the active layer and the first electrode layer, wherein said at least one portion of the first electrode layer contacting the first conduction type semiconductor layer has a roughness.


Several recent studies have demonstrated that percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stenting improves outcomes in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). These Canadian authors calculated the hospital, investigation, materials, drug, and physician costs incurred during 6 months in 123 patients randomized to PCI plus stenting …


A brief account of the development of the concept of the gravitational constant and the debate around in in Britain at the end of the 19th century.


The purpose of this study was to examine how to effectively further empowerment among organizational members based on empowerment theories. And it's also meant to investigate the influential relationship between job characteristics, which are the variables that organizational members should consider, and empowerment in an effort to provide more autonomy for the members of enterprises in Korean society. As a result of making the study, there were a significant positive influential relationship and significant correlation between job characteristics and empowerment. In the future, it seems necessary to make research to determine the process and way of furthering empowerment among organizational members and the characteristics of empowerment-boosting organizational culture, and more research should be implemented to apply the findings of these research efforts in various fields.


The behavior of nickel adsorption during caustic etching of boron-doped silicon wafer is investigated. Caustic solutions considered for investigation are sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH). In addition to the amount of nickel present in the caustic solution, the degree of nickel contamination of the wafer is also affected by the dopant concentration, temperature and nature of the caustic solutions used. Control of nickel contamination by various additives to the caustic solution is found to be effective and comparable to each other. The possible mechanism of nickel adsorption is explained by considering metal stability in specific caustic solution and the electro-chemical potential of the silicon surface in presence of etching solution.


Objective To introduce the design's background of an online questionnaire survey wjx.cn and its application and effect in collecting information at holding facilities for coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Methods After analyzing the problems in collecting information of patients with suspected COVID-19 at a Class A tertiary comprehensive hospital, an online questionnaire survey wjx.cn was designed.A total of 40 nurses who were selected in random collected the information by printed questionnaire from 22nd January to 28th January 2020 and by online questionnaire survey wjx.cn from 29th January to 4nd February 2020. The parameters were compared between two groups. Results Compared with printed questionnaire, the nurses in the digital group exposed less time in isolating rooms and cost less time in copying the information and determining the admission time (P<0.05), and they made less errors in transferring materials and copying the messages (P<0.05). Conclusion The online questionnaire survey wjx.cn worked well at the holding facilities and can be promoted in similar situation.


A three-component mineral material consisting of mica, clay and carbonate was used to make a composite characterized by heat insulation, insulation, anti-static pressure. Its chemical composition, mineral phase, electric property, mechanical property and temperature in use were analysed. The ordinary procedure has been established for composing the mica composite and the thin board. The test under high temperature and medium pressure shows that the mica composite has good properties of heat insulation, insulation, and anti-static pressure. It can replace the asbestos board in the process of firing the man-made diamond products.


With the advantages of lightweight,corrosion resistance,remarkable strengthening effect,FRP grids have good application prospects in the field of civil engineering.However,the manufacturing technology of traditional hand lay-up affects the quality of the products and the stability of their performance and limits their applications in engineering.The technology of Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion(VARI) was employed and developed to manufacture the FRP grids in this paper,and two types of FRP grids made of basalt fiber and carbon fiber were manufactured.The corresponding three kinds of tensile specimens cut from the FRP grids were tested.The experimental results indicate that the elastic modulus of FRP grids is stable,whereas the ultimate strength and ultimate strain show large deviation.With the increasing of the fibers of FRP grids,the failure probability due to defects of fibers increases,and the available strength and strain ability decrease,and the elastic modulus is not significantly varied.The different FRP grids reinforced with various types of fibers exhibit different mechanical properties.Basalt fiber reinforced plastic grids have lower ultimate strength and elastic modulus than carbon fiber reinforced plastic grids,but the former has larger ultimate strain than the latter.The effectiveness of underwater concrete columns strengthened with FRP grids was validated,and the strengthened columns have a significant increase in load carrying and deformation ability.


In my experience, many newly qualifi ed health professionals feel thrown in at the deep end when they start work or move to a new specialty as part of their internship or postgraduate rotation. These highly stressful points in their career, when the learning curve is at its steepest, are logically an important time for educators to focus upon. Learning is both formal and informal for any new health professional. All members of a team in which a new professional works – doctors, nurses, allied health professionals and patients – play a part in their education, whatever their background.


A study of the existing facility, input from test engineers, and input from facility operators has been integrated into a set of functional requirements for a replacement control system for the Building 836 vibration control facility at Site 300.


Design and construction principles of pressure vessels for gas-cooled graphite-moderated reactors are presented. Design of the pressure vessel is determined primarily by the general level of stress to be used, the stresses around openings, and the stresses in the region of supports. The stresses determine the plate material and the forging requirements. Welding methcds and operations, stress relief methods, and pressure testing of the vessel are also discussed. (N.W.R.)


The karyotype of Oryzias minutillus was examined with specimens collected from 18 localities in Thailand. Specimens from the south and the northeast had 2n = 42 acrocentric chromosomes; the arm number (NF) was 42 and NORs-chromosomes were acrocentric type (2n = 42, NF = 42, NORs-A). Specimens from the central and the north were characteristic by having 8-12 large metacentric chromosomes (LM-chromosomes). They had 2n = 28–34 chromosomes, and shared the same NF and NORs-chromosomes of submetacentric type (2n = 34-28, NF = 44, NORs-SM). Specimens from the southeast had 2n = 42 or 40 chromosomes. Their karyotypes had the same NF and NORs-chromosomes as those from the central and the north (2n = 40–42, NF = 44, NORs-SM), though they had no, or only one pair of, LM-chromosomes. The karyotype with 42 acrocentric chromosomes seems to be basic for O. minutillus, and consequently those with NORs-SM and LM-chromosomes seem to be caused through pericentric inversion and centric fusion, respectively. We confirmed that the karyotype evolution had occurred in drainage areas of the Mae Nam Chao Phraya and collaterals (the central, north and southeast). On the other hand, the basic karyotype was preserved allopatrically in the peninsula (the south) and the basin of the Mae Nam Mun, a tributary of the Mekong (the northeast).


Like most historians, I am here to tell you a story, this one about two men who began their most important work together approximately 100 years ago. Unlike most historians, I will be explicit about my message.In November 1911, Woodrow Wilson and Edward House met for the first time. When he was a teenager, House, a wealthy Texan, decided that he wanted to become an advisor of presidents. He got his start working with governors in Texas, but when he tried to move to the national level, he was blocked by William Jennings Bryan. Democrats loved Bryan and nominated him for the presidency three times, but House saw two huge flaws. One, Bryan could not win a national election, and two, he would not listen to advice. House needed a candidate who could win and would take advice, and Wilson looked like that candidate. Wilson, meanwhile, knew that he could not win the Democratic nomination for the presidency or a national election without the support of Texas. Friends said that House could win that support. A man who made quick decisions, Wilson fell in love with both his first and second wives at first sight, and he did the same with House in 1911.2Wilson's best biographer wrote that they were an "odd couple"- the intellectual academic and the wily politician-but they had much in common.3 Both were grandfathers in their 50s, political outsiders in Washington, expatriate-southerners, fathers of daughters, dreamers from boyhood of political careers, and relative late-comers to progressive reform movements. Both viewed themselves as physically frail, and both were incredibly ambitious in their desires to do something big and important in the world.Over the year following their meeting, they became intimate (this word is used over and over) friends. Wilson later said that he felt as if "they had known one another always . . . for our purposes and thoughts were as one." House added, ". . . I had begun to despair, believing my life would be more or less a failure, when he came into it, giving me the opportunity for which I had been longing."4In 1912, Wilson sought advice from House on political strategy, speeches, and how to deal with William Jennings Bryan. However, other advisors played a bigger role in Wilson's nomination by the Democratic Party, particularly his wife Ellen, and Louis Brandeis offered crucial economic and political advice in the presidential election. House was not present at the Democratic Party Convention, and he played only a fitful role in the campaign of 1912. His best biographer calls him Wilson's "right hand," but it is a poor right hand that is not attached to the body. House was simply not present at crucial moments in the campaign.5Once Wilson was elected president, however, House became more important. Today, when a new president is elected, a "transition team" has already been working for months to prepare for taking over the executive branch of government, but in 1912-13, Edward House was Wilson's transition team. He proposed candidates for the cabinet, he vetted them, and he and the president-elect made final decisions together. Mostly they met in House's New York City apartment. Sometimes they went to Broadway plays together, and they often enjoyed far-ranging conversations, especially when Wilson spent the night.On several occasions, Wilson asked House to join his cabinet, offering any position except that of Secretary of State, which was reserved for William Jennings Bryan, but the Texan refused, saying that he preferred "being a free lance . . . and to have a roving commission to serve wherever and whenever possible."6 House had discovered long before that he could best serve ambition by appearing to reject it. One reason why Wilson believed that House was selfless, disinterested, and totally devoted to his presidency was because the Texan was the only person in Washington who did not want a job from the new president.After the inauguration, House considered moving to Washington but rejected the idea. …


Although Xiaoqingxin Film has been widely recognized as a new sub-genre in Chineselanguage film circle, it rarely received sustained academic attention in either Chinese or English publications. In this article, I would explore the contours of Xiaoqingxin Film in four aspects: (1) a tentative definition; (2) a style analysis; (3) a cause analysis: why Taiwan has overwhelming superiority in making this sub-genre; (4) a unique distribution mode. To provide a style analysis of Xiaoqingxin Film, I will not only observe its script, sound and cinematography, but also look into its genre bending. To conduct a media capital analysis of Xiaoqingxin Film, I would borrow the concept of "media capital" from Michael Curtin and pay particular attention to the fact that co-productions between Taiwan and Mainland China are popping up as Taiwan has relaxed trade embargoes with Mainland China. As shown by the successive box-office hits, the pan-Asian commercial success of Xiaoqingxin Film is not a onehit wonder. Rather, in this sub-genre, I believe, lies the possible prospect of Taiwan popular cinema.


Between 1846 and 1858 Ernest Jones was one of the foremost Chartist leaders. He has recently come under scrutiny for the 'particular version of his own life' – as a gentleman-leader and fallen aristocrat – which he created and protected to secure his place upon the popular political platform. His life, as Miles Taylor notes, is 'a case study of the increasingly contested role of gentlemanly radicalism in the nineteenth century'.1 The Christian discourses present in his poems, written mostly between 1846 and 1852, were an important means by which his role as a committed gentleman leader was mediated. Publicly feted at Chartist rallies, mass meetings and extensively published in the Northern Star, Jones's speeches, journalism and poems reached large audiences during his rise to prominence.2 He was imprisoned between 1848 and 1850, but following his release he became the movement's leader and took Chartism in a more centralised direction.3 After his death in 1869, Jones was popularly remembered as a prison martyr, an industrious Chartist leader and latterly a Reform League leader and lecturer. He was revered by remaining grassroots Chartists, viewed as a man exhausted by his commitment to radical causes and remembered as martyr who attained a place in 'the pantheon of the elect', while the Liberal tradition also tried to claim him as a reformer.4 As such, his life and death became synonymous with competing trends within radicalism. Just as Jones's death was associated with the Christian symbolism of his personal sacrifice, his poems often project in Christian terms the very virtues he was understood to have died for. This article will demonstrate the importance of Christianity to the models of political conduct Jones projected through his Chartist poetry. The specific Christian elements through which the poets of the movement conceived Chartist identities however, have been largely overlooked in Anne Janowitz's Lyric and Labour in the Romantic Tradition. The attention to Christianity


PURPOSE: A mask for measuring flare is provided to determine whether flare of a lens occurs by performing a photolithography process while using a mask having a light blocking region and a light transmitting region which have a plurality of light transmitting patterns. CONSTITUTION: The light blocking region and the light transmitting region are defined on a mask substrate. A plurality of line patterns blocking light and a plurality of light transmitting patterns transmiting light are formed in the light blocking region and the light transmitting region, respectively. The line patterns and the light transmitting patterns correspond to each other in the light blocking region and the light transmitting region. The line patterns have the same line width. The light transmitting patterns have the same line width. The line transmitting pattern is a groove between the line patterns.