This paper describes an improved method based on DAI(Depth Aspect Image) matching and HM-ICP (Hierar-chical M-ICP) which has been proposed as robust, fast and highly accurate 3D object recognition of model and scene data. DAI matching is robust and fast for objects in a cluttered scene and HM-ICP is fast and of high accuracy but requires good starting point for models. Our approach in proposed 3D object recognition method consists of two steps. In the first step, models are searched for in a scene with DAI matching and in the second step, these models are refined by the Hierarchical M-ICP algorithm. In this paper, some techniques for high-accurate object recognition with DAI matching and HM-ICP are designed. The first is modeling off the invisible area of recognized models in a scene(fig.1). The second is extension of selective partial region for HM-ICP to 3D(fig.2). The third is pre-teaching of selective partial region for HM-ICP(fig.3). These techniques were designed to work in actual fac-tory automation(FA) products line with practical processing speed and accuracy. This paper describes an improved method based on DAI(Depth Aspect Image) matching and HM-ICP (Hierarchical M-ICP) which has been proposed as robust, fast and highly accurate 3D object recognition of model and scene data. DAI matching is robust and fast for objects in a cluttered scene and HM-ICP is fast and of high accuracy but requires good starting point for models. Our approach to object recognition with 3D model recognition procedures is a two step procedure. In the first step, models are searched for in a scene with DAI matching and in the second step, these models are refined by the Hierarchical M-ICP algorithm. Some experiments for real objects show the effectiveness of the proposed method.


Summary form only given, as follows. A reduction in and disposal of harmful gases, such as global warming gases CO/sub 2/ and PFC, have become critical to global environmental protection. We developed a disposal reactor, which we named PACT, that uses plasma-assisted catalytic technology. It is based on a unique concept of using both glow plasma and a catalytic reaction in a metal electrode excited by high-energy photons from the plasma at room temperature in a atmospheric pressure. We describe PACT and discuss how it can be used for gas disposal. We also describe synergistic effects of plasma and the use of catalysts for effective gas decomposition. We used tubural-type PACT reactor. An inner electrode made of Cu and coated with a catalytic material was placed in a glass tube with an outer electrode. Reactant gases passed through a narrow cylindrical gap between the inner electrode and the glass wall, where a dielectric-barrier discharge (silent discharge) was induced by a low-frequency (up to several KHz) power supply. We also examined ways to optimize wave forms, voltages and currents. For PFC decomposition, we analyzed the use of a MnO/sub x/ catalyst for CO->CO/sub 2/ transformation using PACT. Residual gas analysis was done using FT-IR. We also conducted an optical emission analysis to understand the reaction mechanism.


Sample datas in multidimensinal space is mapped and reduced dimension to a two dimensional plane by a neural network, and the contours of fuction are produced automaticlly on the plane. The optimal operation point or region can be determined intuitively based on this mapping plane, by means of inversion mapping algorthm presented this paper, the optimal point or region is mapped inversely to original multidimensional and is can represented with operation variables. Example research shows that this statistic optimization method is intuition, accuracy and reliability, especialy, has very good effect in solving constrained optimization problems.


The stabilization and tracking control problems of asymmetric underactuated surface vessel are investigated in this work. For stabilization control, the model of asymmetric underactuated surface vessels is first converted to two subsystems by coordinate and input transformations, a simple smooth time-varying stabilization control law is then derived by constructing a Lyapunov-like function, achieving global uniform asymptotic convergence of the state trajectory to origin. For trajectory tracking control, the tracking error model is derived, and is converted to two subsystems by coordinate and input transformations, the tracking control law is then constructed based on back-stepping approach, guaranteeing global κ-exponential convergence of the state trajectory to the reference one under mild persistent exciting conditions of the reference trajectory. The effectiveness of the proposed control laws is verified by simulation examples.


We investigate the effects of light-induced wet etching (LIWE) on sidewall profile and etch rate for n- and p-type GaAs bulk, epitaxial AlGaAs layers and two different types of laser heterostructure using three different etch masks and three light-emitting diodes as light sources. The experiments show that the LIWE parameters (light-source wavelength, mask conductivity, sample layer structure) control the sidewall angle and etch rate. The technique successfully produced vertical sidewalls and "on-demand" etch-stop layers in laser heterostructure using sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ): hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ): DI water (H 2 O) etch system.


Biochemical events were investigated in the G1 to S phase progression induced in quiescent rodent cells by human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) and by serum. Thymidine kinase activity increased after infection of cells with Ad5 or addition of 10% serum. These stimulations were additive. An early viral gene was respnsible for induction by Ad5, but the early mutants ts36, ts37, and ts125 induced thymidine kinase at the permissive and nonpermissive temperatures. Several differences were found between cells stimulated by serum compared with Ad5. Induction of thymidine kinase was delayed in Ad5‐ infected cells, insensitive to 0.01 μ/ml actinomycin D and relatively resistant to reduced Ca2+ compared with induction by serum. Ornithine decarboxylase was induced by serum, but not by Ad5. α‐Methylornithine had little effect on the induction of thymidine kinase by Ad5, but reduced the induction of thymidine kinase by serum, suggesting that Ad5‐induced entry into S phase is uncoupled from polyamine biosynthesis. Methylglyoxal bis(guanylhydrazone), however, prevented the induction of thymidine kinase by both serum and Ad5. Adenovirus infection appears to induce cellular DNA synthesis and thymidine kinase in G1‐arrested cells by a mechanism different from serum, and by passes events in the normal G1 to S phase progression.


This work focuses on the automatic identification of forest fire risk areas along high-voltage power lines through the development of a tool and its validation on a real forest area. The tool allows one to automate the whole process, which includes the classification of the point cloud, the computation of the catenary of the wires using different calculation methods, the estimation of the vegetation growth and the identification of the risk areas. To this end, a coarse-to-fine approach is proposed, so that a preliminary analysis is performed with public airborne LiDAR data, and then a more detailed inspection is provided with drone LiDAR data over those areas classified as high risk. The tool and the methodology developed were validated along a high-voltage power line of 53 km in a real forest area. The results show that although the preliminary analysis based on public airborne LiDAR data is more conservative, it is very useful for selecting those areas of higher risk for further analysis with drone LiDAR data.


Since a novel technique called "high-speed vibration milling" (HSVM) was first applied to the Reformatskytype reaction of C60 in 1996, [1] this technique has been applied to various kinds of fullerene functionalizations including the preparation of C120. [2] Most recent reactions of fullerenes under HSVM conditions will be discussed: (1)reaction of C60/C70 with N-alkylglycines and aldehydes (Scheme 1); (2) reaction of C60 with active methylene compounds in the presence of bases (Scheme 2); (3) reaction of C6o with diazo compounds (Scheme 3); (4) reaction of C6o with anthracene derivatives (Scheme 4).……


The title compound, C24H19NO4, was obtained as a by-product in the synthesis of 1-phenyl-4-nitrophenylpropane-1,3-dione. The crystal structure is stabilized by several inter- and intramolecular C—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds.


This dissertation combine the practical situation of drive-through,analyze the main problem of the service process flow first by the method of Industrial Engineering in order to find out the bottleneck where the service efficiency is low,and to lower the service time.And then,we use Witness software to build up virtual model and carry out the analysis result of the former and im-proved process flow.In comparison with the former process,the result of "zero latency" queue is achieved and the production effi-ciency was improved greatly.


Falls in older adults are a major clinical problem often resulting in serious injury. The costly nature of clinic-based testing for the propensity of falling and a move towards homebased care and monitoring of older adults has led to research in wearable sensing technologies for identifying fall-related parameters from activities of daily living. This paper discusses the development of two algorithms for identifying periods of walking (gait events) and extracting characteristic patterns for each gait event (gait features) with a view to identifying the propensity to fall in older adults. In this paper, we present an evaluation of the algorithms involving a small real-world dataset collected from healthy adults in an uncontrolled environment. 92.5% of gait events were extracted from lower leg gyroscope data from 5 healthy adults (total duration of 33 hours) and over 95% of the gait characteristic points were identified in this data. A user interface to aid clinicians review gait features from walking events captured over multiple days is also proposed. The work presents initial steps in the development of a platform for monitoring patients within their daily routine in uncontrolled environments to inform clinical decision-making related to falls.


The performance of two Mn-based catalysts/sorbents developed for simultaneous low-temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3 and Hg capture was studied in the temperature range 50–250 °C. In particular, the effect of the type of support (TiO2 vs Al2O3) on both NOx conversion and Hg capture efficiency was investigated. The two catalysts displayed significant and quite similar NH3-SCR activity at low temperatures, showing an optimal performance in the range 80–140 °C. On the contrary, the Mn-based sorbent over TiO2 showed a much better Hg capture performance than that supported over Al2O3. The most likely reason was the higher proportion of Mn4+ sites, as revealed by H2-temperature-programmed reduction and X-ray diffraction analysis. The presence of NO in the simulated flue gas slightly decreased the Hg capture performance of the sorbents, while NH3 had a limited impact. Overall, MnOx-based catalysts appear to be well suited for the simultaneous SCR and Hg capture, with the TiO2-support...


Joint Commission standards on eating disorders stress safety Storytelling used as counseling technique for immigrant youth Executive control problems, not sensation‐seeking, most likely to lead teens to regular drug use NIDA reports on loperamide misuse


Conventional energy consumption has increased every year, especially in the electricity sector, but is not balanced with available conventional electrical energy sources. So that the proposed effort related to these problems is the use of renewable energy, but in the implementation of the transition from conventional energy to renewable energy it still takes several processes and costs quite a lot. The proposal made by the author offers a solution in the form of an automatic switch that combines several renewable energy sources of electricity as a top priority and makes conventional electrical energy a backup source. The contribution of this research is to reduce the level of conventional energy consumption, in this study conventional energy is converted into a DC system. The goal is for the system to gradually enter a renewable energy DC system. The advantage of this research is that the system used in the automatic switch can be updated to adjust the load so that in the future the automatic switch system can work without using conventional energy. In this study using the switch case statement method, the advantage of this method is that it can avoid repeated statements in a system considering that the DC automatic switch system in this study uses four different sources namely energy sources designed for renewable energy (hybrid) as a priority supply. 1, battery 1 (from hybrid system) as priority supply 2, conventional energy(PLN) as priority supply 3, and battery 2 (from conventional energy) as priority supply 4. In testing the automatic switch conditions as many as 43 of the four sources there were 941 events to select the voltage a source that meets the criteria of 12 volts to supply the load and for the same voltage is passed according to the voltage priority and for a voltage of 10 volts is passed in the system. And on testing to load 40 watt a constant working voltage and current. in the range of 12–14 volts and a current of 2.8-3.4 A.


fond of invoking the paradox that it was precisely because of her humility that Mary was exalted. Yet paradox differs from ambivalence, in that it points to a fundamental harmony of concepts, not dissonance. Likewise, chansons de geste portray women as counseling and nourishing male warriors while remaining themselves segregated from the center of action (the battlefield). Yet Gold does not really show that the authors were struggling with contrary ideas of women or that their attitudes were essentially ambivalent. There may at times have been real though incidental ambivalence about women's essentially supportive role, but the fact that their main role was supportive (and thus related to battle but not in battle) does not in itself establish the ambivalence. I stress the point because the concept of ambivalence is central for Gold and because it seems only partly appropriate to her analysis. To suggest contradictions and unclarity where there was merely nuanced complexity is to distort the mentality revealed in the sources. No doubt there were medieval men who, like many of their modern descendants, were indeed ambivalent about women in general or particular women. But to suggest systematic ambivalence, deeply rooted in the medieval male psyche and inherent in the customs and artistic forms of the era, is surely to overstate the case. Images which brought diversity into harmony cannot be taken as evidence of psychological tension in the minds of those who produced them. The book remains, however, an important contribution both to medieval studies and to women's studies generally. It is particularly important because it so carefully avoids misleading value judgments. Because the book is valuable for its methodological contribution, this dimension of the work deserves particular scrutiny in the interest of even greater precision.


Twenty years ago, I remember reading and reviewing, revelling in and even raving about, a then new and rather wonderful musical history by the US academic Bernard Gendron, Between Montmartre and the Mudd Club: Popular Music and the Avant-Garde. As I began my present engagement with Ross Cole's The Folk: Music, Modernity, and the Political Imagination, I felt as if I was encountering a historic summary of similar scale and ambition, even if the material seemed to be almost the antithesis of the earlier Gendron overview: not a critical contemplation of the flashing blade of the fresh and novel and the groundbreaking, rather an analysis of the role of those wielding the solid shield of history, defending the bedrock of the past from the menacing tremors – spiritual and aesthetic, economic and social – of the present. Such extendedmusings on those diametrically different forces at play on the popular music that would become a central pillar in our entertainment, leisure, and pleasure in the twentieth century are both fascinating and vital: those powerful strands woven between, let us say, the rise of Impressionism and the explosion of punk and hip hop a hundred years later. They would feed our understanding of issues of high and low culture, our assessment of the manufactured and authentic, our consideration of mass production and mass consumption, the place of radical art, developing technology and invention, and the vernacular creativity of the grassroots and those fierce debates about authenticity and contrivance that have peppered the well-spiced academic gumbo of the modern and postmodern West. Cole's book, a developed version of his doctoral submission, considers a focused few decades in Anglo-America – from the 1870s to the 1930s, broadly speaking – and their relationship to folk culture – song and dance, though principally song – and how the meanings of the rustic past in both Britain (particularly parts of England) and the United States were adopted and adapted to suit the political positions of largelymiddle-class and educated thinkers who identified, within the practices of the previous centuries, an inspirational font so powerful and intriguing that they could tap into its waters to feed ideas across the breadth of the political spectrum, a compelling concept at a time when the extreme wings of left and right


This work deals with assessing the impact of compost of household waste and poultry manure on physical properties of red soils commonly called "Terre de barre" in southern Togo. Field experiments were conducted in coastal zone of Togo during four seasons of crops alternating tomato-maize-tomato- maize. Two types of composts were applied at doses of 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 t ha-1 respectively. One of the composts was elaborated with 100% of household solid wastes and the other with 70% of household wastes mixed with 30% of poultry manure. On each plot, composts were incorporated into the soil depth layers of 0 – 15 cm. Soil samples were randomly collected in surface layer (0 - 15 cm) from plots for measurement of organic matter content, bulk density, total porosity and moisture content. Soil water infiltration rates were measured in situ in the field using infiltration rate double ring cylinder. The results showed that composts affected the soil parameters studied. Soil bulk densities were reduced. However, organic matter content, total porosity, moisture retention and water infiltration rate increased with compost application doses increasing. Finally, it can be concluded that household waste compost has pronounced effects on the physical properties of red soils in southern Togo. Composting of household urban solid wastes will solve environmental problem and will contribute to improve soil quality and agricultural productivity.


Richard Gregory was a pioneer of cognitive psychology. Much of his scientific work involved the development and interpretation of visual illusions, which he used as a tool to work out the perceptual mechanisms involved in the way that the visual world is normally perceived. He was also an inventor, developing a technique for viewing microscopic objects in three dimensions, and a method for taking sharp telescope images through an unstable atmosphere. He was a man of great charm, enthusiasm and wit, who listed his hobbies as punning and pondering. He was to become an outstanding public communicator of scientific ideas. He gave the Royal Institution Christmas Lectures ('The intelligent eye') in 1967, was a founder member of the Experimental Psychology Society, set up his own journal, Perception, in 1972, and in 1978 founded the Exploratory, a hands-on science centre in Bristol. His work on illusions and his interest in painting led to a collaboration with the art historian Sir Ernst Gombrich, resulting in the book Illusion in nature and art (1973) and an exhibition at the Institute of Contemporary Art. Other books included Mind in science (1981) and The Oxford companion to the mind (1987), for which he was both editor and a major contributor. The book for which he is best known is the wonderfully accessible Eye and brain, whose five editions (1966–1997) and many translations have inspired students of all ages.


Problems which could be solved using proportional reasoning were administered nationwide by college faculty to their own science classes during a three year period. The reasoning of more than 8000 students covering three sections of the country was classified as concrete, transitional, or formal using Piagetian categories. Data from the West closely replicated that from the Midwest on similar metric conversion tasks. Student performance changed noticeably with a different problem format. The percentages of students using a ratio formula, ratio attempt, or intuitive methods of solution held approximately constant over time, task, and section of the country. The data shows the use of additive and conversion methods of solution depends upon the problem presentation.


A new grass carp reovirus (GCRV), healthy grass carp reovirus (HGCRV), was isolated from grass carp in 2019. Its complete genome sequence was determined and contained 11 dsRNAs with a total size of 23,688 bp and 57.2 mol% G+C content, encoding 12 proteins. All segments had conserved 5' and 3' termini. Sequence comparisons showed that HGCRV was closely related to GCRV-873 (GCRV-I; 69.57–96.71% protein sequence identity) but shared only 22.65–45.85% and 23.37–43.39% identities with GCRV-HZ08 and Hubei grass carp disease reovirus (HGDRV), respectively. RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RdRp) protein-based phylogenetic analysis showed that HGCRV clustered with Aquareovirus-C (AqRV-C) prior to joining a branch common with other aquareoviruses. Further analysis using VP6 amino acid sequences from Chinese GCRV strains showed that HGCRV was in the same evolutionary cluster as GCRV-I. Thus, HGCRV could be a new GCRV isolate of GCRV-I but is distantly related to other known GCRVs. Grass carp infected with HGCRV did not exhibit signs of hemorrhage. Interestingly, the isolate induced a typical cytopathic effect in fish cell lines, such as infected cell shrank, apoptosis, and plague-like syncytia. Further analysis showed that HGCRV could proliferate in grass carp liver (L28824), gibel carp brain (GiCB), and other fish cell lines, reaching a titer of up to 7.5 × 104 copies/μL.


. We investigate averages of long Dirichlet polynomials twisted by Kronecker symbols and we compare our result with the recipe of [CFKRS]. We are able to compute these averages in the case that the length of the polynomial is a power less than 2 of the basic scaling parameter on the assumption of the Lindel¨of Hypothesis for L -functions of quadratic characters, and we show that the answer is consistent with this recipe. This corresponds, in terms of the recipe, to verifying 0- and 1-swap terms.


In humans, low placental microbiome variation is associated with low birth weight and Proteobacteria and Tenericutes are associated with pre-term births. As current breeding strategies incorporate selection for decreased gestation length, the relationship observed in humans might also exist in dairy cows. Previous research suggests decreased pre-natal fetal growth is associated with mature animal lameness and decreased milk production. Composition of the placental microbiome and its impact on calf prenatal performance is not known. Therefore, we hypothesized that active bacteria within bovine placenta are associated with calf weight. The objectives of this study were to (1) quantify the presence of Proteobacteria and Tenericutes in the placenta, and (2) determine the relationships of these bacterial phyla and classes with calf birth weight and gestation length. Placental cotyledons without exposure to vaginal fluid were collected (n = 4) from multiparous Holstein cows. Total RNA was extracted and qRT-PCR was performed using 5 sets of primers: Eubacteria, Tenericutes, β-proteobacteria, ε-proteobacteria, and δand γ-proteobacteria. Pearson correlations were performed comparing bacterial group relative abundance with calf birth weight (kg) and gestation length using the rcorr package in R. Across all cotyledons tested, β-proteobacteria (56.82 ± 35.84%) was most abundant, followed by Tenericutes (3.18 ± 4.82%) and δand γ-proteobacteria (0.98 ± 0.97%). ε-proteobacteria was not detected. Both β-proteobacteria and δand γ-proteobacteria were negatively correlated with birth weight (R2 = −0.96 and −0.97, respectively). There was no correlation between bacterial phyla and gestation length. Similar to results in humans, we observed that Proteobacteria are associated with neonatal weight. Proteobacteria might directly divert placental growth factors intended for the calf, resulting in a lower birth weight, or placental microbiota might indirectly influence fetal growth through yet unknown means.


In a Karnataka, a school survey of 1st to 5th standard students between the age of 6 and 12 years was conducted to assess the impact of snake & ladder game on their understanding and practice of hygiene. Amongst the selected students, 76.65 percent had disorders of skin and its appendage due to lack of personal hygiene. Nevoid conditions were seen in 21.96 percent students. Communicable dermatoses were noted in 19 percent students and nutritional deficiencies were seen in 6.71 percent students. The students were made to practice the snake & ladder game. The post-test revealed that the snake & ladder game helped students develop better understanding of concept of hygiene.


To raise the accuracy of the fault diagnosis of the gear,through the study on resonance-demodula- tion technology of picking up the shock pulses,and combining"the matrix distinguishing sieve method and"the double characteristic analysis method",this article concludes the basic diagnosis rules of the wire rolling mill gear box based on analysis of a great deal experimented and tested data,and identification of twenty-one hidden troubles.The rules have been applied in the real fault diagnosis,and are proved to work well.


Background Robust venous outflow (VO) profiles, measured by degree of venous opacification on pre-thrombectomy CT angiography (CTA) studies, are strongly correlated with favorable outcomes in patients with large vessel occlusion acute ischemic stroke treated by thrombectomy. However, VO measurements are laborious and require neuroimaging expertise. Objective To develop a semi-automated method to measure VO using CTA and CT perfusion imaging studies. Methods We developed a graphical interface using The Visualization Toolkit, allowing for voxel selection at the confluence and bilateral internal cerebral veins on CTA along with arterial input functions (AIFs) from both internal carotid arteries. We extracted concentration–time curves from the CT perfusion study at the corresponding locations associated with AIF and venous output function (VOF). Outcome analyses were primarily conducted by the Mann-Whitney U and Jonckheere-Terpstra tests. Results Segmentation at the pre-selected AIF and VOF locations was performed on a sample of 97 patients. 65 patients had favorable VO (VO+) and 32 patients had unfavorable VO (VO−). VO+ patients were found to have a significantly shorter VOF time to peak (8.26; 95% CI 7.07 to 10.34) than VO− patients (9.44; 95% CI 8.61 to 10.91), P=0.007. No significant difference was found in VOF curve width and the difference in time between AIF and VOF peaks. Conclusions Time to peak of VOF at the confluence of sinuses was significantly associated with manually scored venous outflow. Further studies should aim to understand better the association between arterial inflow and venous outflow, and capture quantitative metrics of venous outflow at other locations.


Maternal mortality and its social consequences present a global health problem. There are at least 500000 cases a year 99% of them in developing countries. More than 95% of motherless infants die before they reach the age of 5. In Sweden 100 years ago maternal mortality now among the lowest in the world was at the present level of the poorest developing countries. This could provide strategies for global application to reduce maternal mortality. The 1987 Safe Motherhood Conference held in Nairobi stimulated interest and so did a book published by the World Health Organization entitled "Preventing Maternal Deaths." The majority (80%) of maternal mortality is attributable to direct obstetrical causes bleeding sepsis and eclampsia. Childhood malnutrition causes stunting that predisposes women to having a narrow pelvis. Maternal health care is important for risk selection health education checkups and delivery room referral where potentially dangerous complications can be avoided. 3/4 of maternal mortality happens during unassisted labor. 70% of deliveries in Africa take place without professional assistance therefore traditional birth attendants have been trained in elementary hygienic routines. In China cleanliness of hands perineum and navel care of the newborn are stressed. In Brazil active involvement of traditional birth attendants with delivery clinics was initiated. The most decisive factor for reduction of maternal mortality is assess to 1st referral level care: lifesaving obstetric care in eclampsia bleeding obstructed labor and infection. Training of nurses and midwives in the management of such complications has produced results in Mozambique. In the puerperal ward childbed fever is a major cause of maternal death. Child spacing and sterilization are integral parts of appropriate maternal care for the prevention of maternal mortality.


In this paper, for the very flrst time, a general algorithm for designing rectangular microstrip patch antenna, partially loaded with SNG (Single Negative) (MNG (" Negative) and ENG (" Negative)) metamaterial has been proposed to achieve better radiation performance. Then, applying our proposed algorithm, theoretically we have predicted novel dual band miniaturized rectangular patch antennas (loaded with MNG metamaterial) for two difierent bands using unconventional interface resonance mode under fundamental TM010 mode. Then we have proposed a complete design of magnetic inclusions, presenting full wave numerical simulations of the structure, which efiectively supports the theoretical expected resonant modes as well as satisfactory radiation pattern performance. Prior to our current work, impossibility of sub-wavelength or electrically small rectangular patch antenna has been demonstrated using ENG metamaterial. However, in this paper, we have indicated a direction towards the real-life implementation of possible miniaturized rectangular patch antennas partially loaded with MNG metamaterial. The algorithm proposed in this paper is the key to choose the appropriate material parameter to design all such antennas.


Statistical two-group comparisons are widely used to identify the significant differentially expressed (DE) signatures against a therapy response for microarray data analysis. We applied a rank order statistics based on an Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH) residual empirical process to DE analysis. This approach was considered for simulation data and publicly available datasets, and was compared with two-group comparison by original data and Auto-regressive (AR) residual. The significant DE genes by the ARCH and AR residuals were reduced by about 20% - 30% to these genes by the original data. Almost 100% of the genes by ARCH are covered by the genes by the original data unlike the genes by AR residuals. GO enrichment and Pathway analyses indicate the consistent biological characteristics between genes by ARCH residuals and original data. ARCH residuals array data might contribute to refining the number of significant DE genes to detect the biological feature as well as ordinal microarray data.


Abstract : A digital library taking advantage of the subthreshold mode of operation is studied and different gate topologies are explored for trade-offs in area, power, and propagation delay. Lowering the supply voltage allows for significant reductions in power consumption due to the squared dependence on voltage in switching logic. Dynamic-threshold metal-oxide semiconductor (DTMOS) inverters were used to improve the speed of inverters and buffers. Transmission gate logic was used to implement arbitrary logic gates to avoid PUN/PDN imbalances of static logic gates in subthreshold. These modifications result in the added benefit of smaller and simpler implementation of XOR/XNOR, making for a more modular nature to implement the common logic gates. The library is used to implement 1-bit full adders and a CIC filter with low power consumption.


Experimental and CFD analysis is conducted in order to establish effect of geometrical fin parameters for mixed convection heat transfer from vertical rectangular fin arrays. Mixed convective heat transfer from rectangular vertical plates has been reviewed. Study revealed that most of the work was carried out considering various configurations. Experimental work carried on steady state mixed convection heat transfer from vertical rectangular fins made of aluminum. Experimental work carried investigates the effect of fin spacing, fin height, fin length on the performance of heat dissipation from the fin arrays.
How to cite this article: Daund VS, Bhangale JH. Effect of Low Aspect Ratio on Convective Heat Transfer from Rectangular Fin Array in Mixed Convection. J Adv Res Mech Engi Tech 2020; 7(1&2): 1-8.


The high temperature strength and oxidation resistance of many transition metal aluminides makes these intermetallic materials attractive for high temperature applications. However, these aluminides are generally brittle at low temperatures and this restricts their technological applications. However, these aluminides are generally brittle at low temperatures and this restricts their technological applications. It has been demonstrated that the addition of more than 200 ppm of boron to the L1{sub 2}-ordered Ni{sub 3}Al changes the fracture behavior from intergranular to transgranular and increases the ductility. The B2-ordered NiAl nickel aluminide is particularly attractive because of its low density and high melting temperature. This aluminide also fractures intergranularly at room temperature. However, no improvement in ductility is observed with similar boron additions even though the intergranular fracture is suppressed and there is a significant increase in the yield strength. In this paper, the results of an atom probe field ion microscopy investigation of the compositions of the grain boundaries in undoped and boron-doped NiAl are presented. The suitability of the atom probe field ion microscopy technique for the characterization of boundaries has clearly been demonstrated in many previous investigations including the characterization of boron segregation to grain boundaries and other planar features inmore » Ni{sub 3}Al.« less


Drawing on the theory of planned behaviour, this research aims to investigate systemically if and how incumbents and successors share attitudes, social norms and perception of the feasibility of their business succession.,Qualitative research carried out on a group of small Italian family firms (N = 10).,This study provides evidence of background mechanisms (attitudes, social norms and perception of feasibility) affecting the implementation of business succession planning in family SMEs. Moreover, this study provides further evidence supporting the role of social norms in strategic decision-making processes within family firms.,Findings from this study contribute to current literature in multiple ways and have several research implications.,This study highlights that it is more appropriate to adopt a systemic rather than an individualistic approach in investigating/managing business succession.,Family firms are the most widespread type of firms in the world; thus, a systematic failure in business transmission represents a prominent socioeconomical problem for policy-makers and institutions.,This study leads to further developments in exploring business succession from a psychological point of view. Findings also highlight the limits of how a theory applied in order to predict individual behaviour can provide insight into collective behaviour involving a family.


The current paper presents an assessment of the depletion model in CASMO-4 based on highly-burnt MOX fuel data from the Programme ARIANE. Isotopic compositions calculated with CASMO-4 for a sample irradiated for 6 cycles in the Swiss PWR Beznau-1 have been compared


Contents: All tracks    Poetry reading [part I]
 All tracks    Poetry reading [part II]
 Track 01
    O Taste and See
 Track 02
    A Dark Summer Day
 Track 03
    Living
 Track 04
    Somebody Trying
 Track 05
    from From a Notebook: October '68-May '69 (1)
 Track 06
    from From a Notebook: October '68-May '69 (2)
 Track 07
    from From a Notebook: October '68-May '69 (3)
 Track 08
    from From a Notebook: October '68-May '69 (4)
 Track 09
    "I Thirst"
 Track 10
    from From a Notebook: October '68-May '69 (5)
 Track 11
    A Place to Live
 Track 12
    To Kevin O'Leary, Wherever He Is
 Track 13
    White Phosphorous
 Track 14
    The Day the Audience Walked Out on Me, and Why
 Track 15
    Brass Tacks (fragment)


This paper presents a self-organizing adaptive fuzzy controller that works online. No prior knowledge about the differential equations governing the plant nor offline training is needed. Starting from very simple topologies, the algorithm uses the data obtained online during the normal operation of the system to modify the structure of the fuzzy controller. This is achieved in two phases: first, the consequents of the current fuzzy rules are adapted; in the second phase, new membership functions are added online. To show its capabilities, a real experiment with a nonlinear servo system has been carried out with satisfactory results.


Biologging refers to the use of animal-borne recording devices to study wildlife behavior. In the case of audio recording, such devices generate large amounts of data over several months, and thus require some level of processing automation for the raw data collected. Academics have widely adopted offline deep-learning-classification algorithms to extract meaningful information from large datasets, mainly using time-frequency signal representations such as spectrograms. Because of the high deployment costs of animal-borne devices, the autonomy/weight ratio remains by far the fundamental concern. Basically, power consumption is addressed using onboard mass storage (no wireless transmission), yet the energy cost associated with data storage activity is far from negligible. In this paper, we evaluate various strategies to reduce the amount of stored data, making the fair assumption that audio will be categorized using a deep-learning classifier at some point of the process. This assumption opens up several scenarios, from straightforward raw audio storage paired with further offline classification on one side, to a fully embedded AI engine on the other side, with embedded audio compression or feature extraction in between. This paper investigates three approaches focusing on data-dimension reduction: (i) traditional inline audio compression, namely ADPCM and MP3, (ii) full deep-learning classification at the edge, and (iii) embedded pre-processing that only computes and stores spectrograms for later offline classification. We characterized each approach in terms of total (sensor + CPU + mass-storage) edge power consumption (i.e., recorder autonomy) and classification accuracy. Our results demonstrate that ADPCM encoding brings 17.6% energy savings compared to the baseline system (i.e., uncompressed raw audio samples). Using such compressed data, a state-of-the-art spectrogram-based classification model still achieves 91.25% accuracy on open speech datasets. Performing inline data-preparation can significantly reduce the amount of stored data allowing for a 19.8% energy saving compared to the baseline system, while still achieving 89% accuracy during classification. These results show that while massive data reduction can be achieved through the use of inline computation of spectrograms, it translates to little benefit on device autonomy when compared to ADPCM encoding, with the added downside of losing original audio information.


The effect of impurities on the phonon-drag part ${S}_{g}$ of the thermoelectric power at very low temperatures is examined for alloys of copper, silver, and gold. ${S}_{g}$ is separated into three terms corresponding to: (1) the neck regions in the $〈111〉$ directions, (2) the convex belly regions around the $〈100〉$ directions, and (3) the concave belly regions around the $〈110〉$ directions. We find that in gold the concave belly region is most important and in silver the necks are most important. The sign of the neck contribution is examined through the behavior of the $〈110〉$ phonons at the zone boundary, and it is found that the positive contributions dominate there. The experimental results for three types of impurities, (A) uncharged, (B) charged, and (C) transition-metal, are discussed, and qualitative agreement with the theory is found.


This study determined the association between the population density of Ranitomeya opisthomelas with the environmental and habitat variables in four forests. Four samples per site were carried out in dry and rainy seasons. The number of individuals, and the environmental and habitat variables (environemntal temperature, canopy coverage percentage, amount of bromeliads,, the herbaceous percentage, amount of fallen logs, ampunt of trees with CHD>10 and environmental humidity in each forest) were registered. Data were statistically processed with logistics regression and canonical correspondence analysis. Results indicated that R. opisthomelas population density was very variable; Isla del Sol showed the greatest number of individuals followed by El Carmen, Isla Cantarina and Guatape respectively Population density in the rainy season was different from that in the dry season in Guatape and Isla Cantarina,. Finally, the canonical correspondence analysis shows that apparently there is no association between density of frogs and types of forest.


The history of guilds is closely tied to political, economic and social history. For this reason, the organizations called guilds can vary widely over time and space. In Japanese history there are two organizations usually translated as guilds that are quite different from each other because they flourished in very different periods of Japanese history. Both organizations were associations of people with the same trade or similar commercial interests and both organizations took steps to protect and advance the commercial rights of their members including attempts to gain monopoly control of certain commodities or markets, but otherwise they were quite different from each other. The structure that represents guilds in medieval Japan (794-1573) is the za. Za literally means "seat" and may refer to a seat in village or shrine brotherhood meetings, these brotherhoods being one origin of the medieval guild organization. Za may also have referred to a seat or stall in a market or a seat at a ceremonial


Widely regarded as the greatest writer of all time, Kalidasa occupies a position unique in world literature. His works, written centuries ago, are even today performed and read more often and even in more countries than before. The stories of his works are fascinating to all, generations after generations. They have been translated into almost all languages of the world. A self-effacing writer, like other Indian poets, has revealed little of himself in his works. Nothing is known, or certain, about the life and time of the great Kalidasa. Various anecdotes are though popular, truth of which cannot yet be determined. This is a topic for discussion for years and theories assigning him from first century B.C. to eleventh century A.D.


The utility model discloses a breaker line detection device. The detection device comprises a housing. The upper surface of the housing is provided with a display system. The housing is internally provided with a breaker detection circuit. The breaker detection circuit is electrically connected with the display system. A side of the housing is provided with a secure socket matched with a breaker aviation plug. The breaker aviation plug is inserted in the secure socket and forms a circuit with the breaker detection circuit and the display system. The device is simple in structure, and can detect internal circuit conditions when the breaker respectively stores energy, switches on, and switches off, so as to check whether wiring of circuits in the breaker is correct.


According to the situation of power system in Wuhan ,this subject anal yses and researches how to guarantee the power system safe and economic running and the influence of the reactive power toward power system.Addtionally,the plan for to compensating the reactive power is presented.


Objective: To investigate the optimal extent of primary thyroidectomy and cervical lymphadenectomy in patients with bilateral thyroid carcinoma(BTC) Methods:To analyze retrospectively the data of 21 BTC cases.Subtotal thyroidectomy was performed in 3 cases,total thyroidectomy was performed in 18 cases.Unilateral functional cervical lymphadenectomy was performed in 5 cases and Unilateral traditional cervical lymphadenectomy in 2 cases,bilateral funtional cervical lymphadenectomy was performed in 7 cases,bilateral traditional cervical lymphadenectomy in 1 case.Results:Among 21 patients with followed up period of 2~13 years(average:5 years and 2 months),only 1 case died,20 cases were alive with no evidence of disease(NED).There was no hypoparathyroidism and recurrent nerve paralysis occurred postoperatively.Conclusion:We suggest total thyroidectomy for BTC.Unilateral or bilateral cervical lymphadenectomy should be done if there were Cervical lympho nodes metastasis,but it is not nccessary for No Cases. [


The purpose of this study is to analyze seasonal distribution of insects, birds, fishes, and benthos for Gongji stream in Chuncheon and to explore some strategies towards creating a desirable close-to-nature stream. The number of species occurred in the study stream was 23 for butterflies and 149 for other insects, 23 for birds, 15 for fishes, and 47 for benthos. The study stream was dominated by Artogenia rapae, Polygonia caureum, Cyntia cardui for butterflies, and Passer montanus, Anas crecca, Anas platyrhynchos for birds. The dominant species were Rhynchocypris oxycephalus, Zacco plutypus, Carassius auratus for fishes, and Limnodrilus sp. 2, Chiranumus sp. 2, Hydropsyche KUb for benthos. Attracting insect species of higher density requires planting of host plant species and stabilization of plant coverage against disturbances. To enhance species diversify and density of birds, it is desirable to provide diverse habitats including preservation of downstream wetland and natural vegetation, creation of sand bars and islands with sand and gravel, and restriction or traffic passing and parking. Restoring fish and benthos habitats needs improvement of water quality, layout of gravels and stones on sand-dominant streambed, and use of close-to-nature revetment techniques.


The inclusive education policy agenda has not made a signi fi cant impact on the global problem of educational exclusion. Explanations for this lack of impact include inadequate teacher education, lack of resources, negative attitudes, and a policy-practice gap. This paper takes a di ff erent turn and, using the concept of classi fi cation, argues that the challenge to achieve more inclusive education is more fundamental than has been previously articulated. Key tenets of the inclusive education agenda demand a weakening of the insulation between categories that are sustained and advanced by current marketised and standards-driven education systems. Inclusive schooling weakens spatial insulation, collaboration weakens professional insulation, transformability weakens ability insulation, intersectionality weakens identity insulation, and inclusive pedagogy weakens pedagogical insulation. When inclusive education is mapped onto strongly classi fi ed education systems, limited instantiations of inclusive education are inevitable, and di ff erence and exclusion are re-inscribed. Change is possible if 1. Those advancing the inclusive education agenda acknowledge the identities and defences that classi fi cation constructs. 2. The workings of power that sustain insulation between categories in education are identi fi ed. 3. Counter-hegemonic action that weakens insulation and blurs boundaries is encouraged.


The modern world has not succeeded in reaching the grandeur and noble monumentality, which characterized the buildings of Greek and Roman antiquity, qualities that were based on certain building rules, handed down as precious secrets from generation to generation. The rules were at once practical and theoretical or esthetic, but first of all practical. They aimed primarily at the adoption of simple functions of particular dimensions or measures chosen as units, the functions being generally simple multiples leading to certain integer relations between the various principal dimensions. Thus in the temples, the diameter of the columns or the dimensions of the triglyphs served as units. The Pythagorean theory of numbers and the division of a line in extreme and mean ratio seemed to play an important part in sacral architecture throughout antiquity and the middle ages. None of the inscriptions preserved from antiquity gives so complete information concerning the details of construction as the socalled Arsenal Inscription found in 1882 in Piraeus. It is cut in a slab of blue-grey Hymettos marble and is uncommonly well preserved; in fact, only 24 out of the 5161 letters are illegible and they can be interpolated with certainty. The inscription dates from about 347 B. C. and gives a complete specification of the famous Skeuothek or Naval Arsenal in Piraeus, which was one of the most admired buildings of antiquity. The inscription was found near the south-east harbour of Piraeus, the ancient Zea, which at the time of the Arsenal was the most important of the Athenian Navy Yards. KOEHLER gives an excellent transcription of the Greek text in Inscriptiones Graecae (I. G., II, 1054) and a translation in the English language is given by THOMAS W. LUDLOW in the American


This paper contains a summary of selected aspects of the epitaxial growth of rare-earth nitride thin films and the recent progress achieved in this field. The discussion is focussed on GdN, SmN, EuN compounds grown by both pulsed laser deposition and molecular beam epitaxy on different substrates including YSZ (001), c-plane (0001) AlN and GaN. While a N2 plasma cell is used as a nitrogen source for growing EuN, we take advantage of the catalytic breakdown of molecular nitrogen by rare-earth atoms to grow GdN and SmN in the absence of activated N2. The structural, magnetic and transport properties of the thin films are assessed by reflection high-energy electron diffraction, x-ray diffraction, Hall Effect, temperature-dependent magnetization and resistivity. (© 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Christopher Hight seeks to find out what might be left over after the death of theory. Have theoretical questions become merely replaced by reproducible techniques and business plans? How should architects think and practise if they no longer - in the wake of Koolhaas - solely think architecturally? Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


The utility model relates to a spin-on filter outer shell power spraying and curing automatic production line which comprises a curing device (100) and a spray gun (22); the curing device comprises a drying tunnel (3); a frame (1) is arranged in the drying tunnel, and is provided with a transmission chain (6); the transmission chain is provided with a hanger (2); a heating device is arranged in the drying tunnel and is matched with the hanger; the automatic production line is characterized by also comprising a power spraying device (300) and an outer shell adapting device (200); and the outer shell adapting device is arranged between the power spraying device and the curing device. The utility model has the beneficial effects that the power spraying device, the adapting device and the curing device form the automatic production line; because the automatic production line adopts rotary power spraying and is provided with a device for recovering powder, thereby reducing the possibility that the hanger greatly absorbs plastic powder and saving plastic powder and electric power; the pollution to the air and the environment is eliminated; the equipment repairing cost is reduced; the production efficiency is improved; and the production cost is saved.


This article presents an analysis of two fourth-grade students discussing The Circuit (Jimenez, 1997) and finding ways to express their understandings and misunderstandings with a critical encounter in the text. The students' use of freestyling enabled them to recontextualize (Dyson, 2001, 2003; Gilmore, 1983) the literature discussion. This recontextualization provided the students with a way to remain engaged in the discussion and with each other when tension arose from having different interpretations. The student selected format and use of quality Latinx children's literature, enabled the students to draw on multiple literacies.


Abstract : The relationship of aptitude, attitude, biographical data, army area, rank, AFSC, job preference to reenlistment was examined in a sample of some 9,000 airmen who enlisted between 31 May 1948 and 1 February 1950. Low but generally significant relationships were found. On the basis of these results, reenlistment appears to be more likely to occur when attitude toward the Air Force and interests and background are favorable, when aptitude is not too high, when the men come from the south rather than the north, and when rank at the end of service is high. Agreement between job preference and job assignment seems to have no relation to reenlistment.


The invention discloses a method, terminal and server for acquiring a flight label. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a takeoff geographic position of a first unmanned aerial vehicle when the first unmanned aerial vehicle takes off; transmitting the takeoff geographic position of the first unmanned aerial vehicle to the server; and acquiring the flight label returned by the server, wherein the flight label is used for indicating whether the first unmanned aerial vehicle at the takeoff geographic position of the first unmanned aerial vehicle is an unmanned aerial vehicle which is taken off for the first time or not. By virtue of the method, terminal and server for acquiring the flight label, the technical problem that the flight label of the unmanned aerial vehicle cannot be acquired by adopting the prior art is solved.


We have studied polluting gases in tobacco smoke by investigating the phenomenon of capturing and photocatalysis effects of ZnO nanowire array (NWA). Capturing and photocatalysis reactions were continuously tracked by FTIR spectroscopy. The presence of ZnO improves the capture rate at room temperature, while the photocatalytic reactions can lead to a further reduction of the pollutants. MEMS-FTIR spectrometer operating in the Mid-Infra-Red appeared as a very promising tool for the online monitoring of air purification process.


The list of nearly 300 serial titles covers the Latin American literature of entomology comprehensively. Titles in the areas of general zoology plus plant and animal pathology are also included when they are substantially entomological in content. Serials included are published by governmental agencies at various levels, as well as commercial firms and scientific societies.


MPLS is the heart and soul of the service provider network. MPLS can
carry anydata payload which gives the flexibility to the service
provider to provision new service with any expense.The benefit of this
technology is core router need not understand the full customer route.
If the service a layer 2 then thereis no need of vrf, for customer the
service provider cloud is like a virtual switch.The protocol used for
label distribution is LDP, BGP,RSVP. The most popular protocol for
outer label distribution is LDP. LDP has the benefit of adding more
TLV to its payload. In this the possibility of using ldp for
generating labels for mac address rather for ip address which gives
the benefit to service provider not to run complex routing protocol on
core, this does not require ip address. This gives service provider
the flexibility to deploy any services, there is no need for changes
in network layer when the customer goes for ipv4 to ipv6. This can
reduce the CAPEX and OPEX of the customer and reduces the hardware
cost too.


Abstract: Hydroturbine blades in hydroelectric power plants are subjected to erosion. Currently these blades are made of 13/4 martensitic stainless steel (ASTM grade A743). This steel suffers from several maintenance and welding related problems. Nitronic steels are being considered as an alternative to martensitic stainless steels since they have good weldability. In present work, erosive behaviour of 13/4 Martensitic and Nitrogen alloyed austenitic stainless steel (23/8N steel) has been studied. Cavitation erosion tests were carried out in distilled water at 20 KHz frequency at constant amplitude. Microstructure of eroded surface, mechanical properties and erosion rate were characterized. It was observed that 23/8N steel possesses excellent resistance to erosion in comparison to 13/4 martensitic steels. 23/8N steel showed good hardness coupled with high tensile toughness and work hardening ability, leading to improved erosion resistance.


The effects of impregnation ratio on characteristics of activated carbon from bagasse and banana stem were analyzed. The precursors were impregnated using phosphoric acid (H3PO4) solution as the activator at a ratio of the activator to the precursor (w/w) of 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1. Pyrolisis was conducted at 400 °C for 15 minutes. The results showed that activated carbon from bagasse has better yield, surface area and total pore volume compared to activated carbon from banana stem. The increased of impregnation ratio decreased the yield and surface area, but increased the total pore volume and pore radius. The highest yield of activated carbon from bagasse and banana stem were 61.87% and 45.53%, respectively. Whereas the highest surface area of activated carbon from bagasse and banana stem were 1,070 m2/g and 915 m2/g, respectively. The activated carbon produced from both precursors contained both micropores and mesopores structures.


PURPOSE: A system for designing a virtual design of an incoming/distributing board and a method for controlling the same are provided to enhance a productivity of a product by storing information with respect to various kinds of products of the distributing board or an automatic control board and a plurality of elements being mounted in the distributing board or the automatic control board and enabling a user to design a distributing board or a control board on a three-dimensional state virtually. CONSTITUTION: A user(1) is connected to a server(2) through the Internet for a virtual design of a distributing board. Elements of the server(2) are described as follows. A communication unit(3) performs a data communication between the user(1) and the server(2). The first memory(5) stores data of a distributing board according to capacities, shapes, and sizes. The second memory(6) stores various kinds of elements being used in the distributing board. A control unit(4) outputs a main screen to the user(1) for selecting a distributing board and elements and controls a virtual design using selected elements. A simulation module(7) designs the elements being supplied in accordance with a control of the control unit(4) on a screen virtually and outputs the design to the user(1). If the output result is normal, the simulation module(7) outputs a two-dimensional working drawing of the virtually designed distributing board and an estimate.


Baitul Maal wa at-Tamwil Tamzis Inggit Garnasih is a Sharia Cooperative that is very strategically located with Micro business in Kebon Kelapa ITC Market Bandung. That small capital deficit entrepreneurs can do mudharabah financing at Tamzis. The number of small entrepreneurs who do the financing Tamzis needs to be careful in running his business. Considering that the mudhârabah contract is a contract of cooperation between Shahibul Mal and Mudharib, both must hold to full trust, it is necessary to implement Islamic ethics in carrying out the contract.  The purpose of this study was to eximine the susccesful implementation of business ethics in mudharabah contracts at BMT TAMZIS KCP Bandung Inggit Garnasih. The research method is based on a sociological juridical approach. Research methods conducted based on the normative juridical approach. This research is understood as filed research, which is collecting documentation data that is located in BMT TAMZIS KCP Bandung Inggit Garnasih.The research used is analytical descriptive, that is, research to describe current problems or based on reality in the field, and the type of data used in this research, namely primary data, material or data and secondary data in the form of supporting books. related to the object. The results showed that the Islamic business ethics carried out in the mudharabah contract at BMT TAMZIS KCP Bandung Inggit Garnasih showed an example of its success in helping members (customers) who are traders in the Kebon Kalapa ITC market enivironment. Keywords: BMT, Islamic Business Ethics, and Mudharabah.


social perspectives. The physical approach involved several field studies at both the urban and green spaces scale, covering measurements of air pollutants concentrations (ozone, nitrogen dioxide, volatile organic compounds and PM10), sound pressure levels, meteorological and other parameters related to thermal comfort (Figure 3). The social approach consisted in assessing perceptions of citizens over green spaces and their influence on the environment, alongside with the assessment of their attitudes towards those spaces, by means of domiciliary questionnaires applied to a representative sample of local inhabitants as well as to on-site users of such spaces. Physical analyses were then related with social perception on green spaces characteristics and users attitudes. Users were asked about their preferences and the way they perceive the environmental quality of each green space. BENEFITS OF URBAN GREEN SPACES IN NOISE, AIR QUALITY AND THERMAL COMFORT: THE CASE STUDY OF BRAGANCA


Different chiral operation modes of high performance capillary electrophoresis has been demonstrated.The influence of experiment conditions on separation is discussed. The current research progress and the application of chiral selectors in chiral drug separation are reviewed.


The Quinns Rocks coastline is an area of ongoing coastal erosion which has been actively managed by the City of Wanneroo (the City) since 1996, ensuring the ongoing protection of coastal assets including public and private infrastructure, beach amenity and the natural dune environment. Quinns Rocks is listed as a coastal erosion hotspot within the Assessment of Coastal Erosion Hotspots in Western Australia, which was published by the Government of Western Australia in 2019. The Quinns Rocks coastline is an area of ongoing coastal erosion which has been actively managed by the City of Wanneroo (the City) since 1996, ensuring the ongoing protection of coastal assets including public and private infrastructure, beach amenity and the natural dune environment. Quinns Rocks is listed as a coastal erosion hotspot within the Assessment of Coastal Erosion Hotspots in Western Australia, which was published by the Government of Western Australia in 2019.


Our focus is on the imaginative dimension of Roger Frison-Roche's fictional work, which has more often than not been taken into consideration only from a documentary or ethnographic angle. Based on an awareness that, like their creator, the characters in these novels are wanderers, this study questions what triggers their setting off and their progress. Their quest, which turns out to be both an initiation and a salvation, enables them to free themselves from the fatal bonds that restrained them and to tie new, positive bonds. Indeed, those characters cross through mythical or primeval regions to reach the sacred, and yet, in spite of their nomadism, they are firmly rooted in a certain territory and a certain community. Thanks to his writing, which used to be improperly labeled as reporting or documenting, the artist makes the communion with the spiritual world as well as with other men possible; he links the individual and the universal together. Throughout this study, the profusion of images and symbols based on bonds is therefore shown to be ambivalent: bonds are either fetters that are severed, or ties that are established, and these novels celebrate the transition from one to the other.


Introduction The public highway systems are used to transport a constantly increasing number of goods and people. In spite of that high increase in traffic, the number of fatal accidents is falling yearly, because of the ever increasing use of technology to develop safer vehicles. Meanwhile, the environmental impact of each vehicle decreases proportionally in that technology partly compensates for the environmental pressure exerted by the increase in number of vehicles on the roads. On the other hand, technology still has not been used to alleviate another problem caused by the number of vehicles on the road: road congestion. Because adding more lanes is becoming less desirable or practical, means must be found to increase the capacity of the existing network. This must be done while keeping in mind the safety of the travelers. Enters collaborative driving. For many years, this field has received increasing interest around the world. Research on collaborative driving strives to create vehicles that are able to cooperate in order to navigate through urban traffic by using communications. In this paper, we will describe three degrees of collaborative driving, and what challenges each offers to system designers. We will also review some of the research made worldwide to meet these challenges. Definitions To better understand the discussed matters, the reader should understand some basic concepts. Collaborative driving is a research domain which aims to create automated vehicles which collaborate with another in order to navigate through traffic. Collaborative driving is different from automated highway systems (AHS) in that the vehicles in AHS do not directly cooperate to achieve safe and efficient driving. A platoon is a group of vehicles whose actions on the road are coordinated by the mean of communications. The first vehicle of a platoon is called the platoon leader. Its role is to manage the platoon and guide it on the road. We distinguish three degrees of collaborative driving: a) Longitudinal control, in which the platoon members' controllers are controlling the speed and distance of each member vehicule to the preceding one, leaving the steering to the human driver, b) Semi-autonomous control, in which the platoon members are automatically controlled, but the leading vehicle must still be driven by humans, and c) Fully-autonomous control, in which all platoon members, including the leading vehicule, are autonomously controlled until the platoon is disbanded. Introduction As has been stated earlier, the longitudinal control of a platoon …


plain solution was used throughout. The infusion was maintained by a small battery-powered syringe driver (Graseby Dynamics MS 16), fitted with a 30-ml syringe and a filter. Both groups were well matched for maternal characteristics and the length of time the epidurals were maintained. We found no difference in the mode of delivery or the incidence of side-effects. Both techniques had similar analgesic efficacy. There was no difference in the condition of the babies as measured by the Apgar minus colour score at 5 minutes. The infusion increased the interval between boluses from an average of 121 to 243 min (p < O.OOO5). 58% of the women who received an infusion delivered without a repeat bolus compared with 18% in the control group (p < 0.005). We consider this reduces the risk of the rare but potentially fatal 'total spinal' block. The medical time involved in maintaining the epidural fell from an average of 40 min to I3 min when the infusion was used (p < O.OOO5). More than 60% of the epidurals were started after 13.00 h. The demands of their maintenance were therefore greatest during the period when only emergency staff were on duty. The infusion was an advantage in this situation. The mean total dose of bupivacaine was increased from 1 17 mg to 180 mg when the infusion was used (p < 0.005). This is below the recommended maximum dosage of 320 mg2 No woman in either group exhibited signs of toxicity at any time. We do not therefore consider this contraindicates the use of the infusion. The syringe driver was reliable and unobtrusive. It requires neither external electrical connexions nor additional drip sets. Rate adjustments are by screwdriver and the inadvertent high rates of flow, which can occur with gravity drip-feed system^,^ are unlikely. In contrast to high pressure capillary flow devices4 it forms a sealed system and has no side ports at which inappropriate substances may be injected. The syringe driver is, in our opinion, the most suitable device yet described for maintaining epidural infusion in labour. The combination of constant infusion with intermittent bolus injection as required is now the standard technique in this unit.


We study the first eigenvalue of the Laplace equation in a bounded domain in with mixed Neumann–Dirichlet (Zaremba) boundary conditions. The Neumann condition is imposed on most of the boundary and the Dirichlet boundary consists of a cluster of small windows. When the windows are well separated the first eigenvalue is asymptotically the sum of eigenvalues of mixed problems with a single Dirichlet window. However, when two or more Dirichlet windows cluster tightly together they interact nonlinearly. We compare our asymptotic approximation of the eigenvalue to the escape rate of simulated Brownian particles through the small windows.


Objective To study the binding, degradation and concentration time profiles of 125 I kallidinogenase in plasma after i v injection in rabbits The distribution and excretion of kallidinogenase and its metabolites in urine and bile were also studied in rats Methods Using 125 I kallidinogenase combined with size exclusive high performance liquid chromatography (SHPLC) or trichloroacetic acid precipitation method Results Determined by hydrolysis of chromogenic substrate (S 2266) of kallidinogenase, demonstrated that the enzymatic activity of 125 I kallidinogenase was similar to that of unlabelled enzyme SHPLC analysis of plasma revealed that plasma protein bound 125 I kallidinogenase and 125 I degradation products were found after intravenous injection of various doses of the agent Terminal half lives of 125 I kallidinogenase protein complex (AUC) after i v 5×10 -3 , 15×10 -3 , and 45×10 -3 pNAu·kg -1 were (1 28±1 31), (2 18±1 08) and (2 03±0 32) h, respectively AUC increased with dose while clearence was similar Maximal percentage of bound serum 125 I kallidinogenase in vitro was (94 3±0 77)% and equilibrium dissociation constant (K d) was 8 9×10 -8 mol·L -1 Levels of acid precipitable radioactivity in different organs were in a decending order: urinary system, the highest blood abundant organs the next and cerebral cortext the lowest (96 9±3 3)% of injected radioactivity was excreted within 2 days and the major route was urinary system Conclusions 125 I kallidinogenase was rapidly bound to plasma protein with high affinity after i v injection The pharmacokinetics of 125 I kallidinogenase protein complex was linear within dosage range studied in rabbits 125 I kallidinogenase was mainly distributed in blood abundant organs, not able to across blood brain barrier and excreted through urine after i v injection in rats


Windows network packets capture technology is closely related with Windows network protocol architecture. Paper first introduces the Windows network protocol implementation, then analyze the network packets capture technology in the user mode and kernel mode, moreover discuss the data capture technology at the application layer, including API interception technology, dynamic library replacement technology and database trigger technology, finally, the various network data acquisition technology are analyzed, and what kind of data acquisition technology is used depends on the purpose of data capture and the characteristics of the target information system.


The author has identified the following significant results. An inexpensive, integrated drogue-aircraft-satellite approach was developed which is based on the Lagrangian technique and employs remotely tracked drogues and dyes together with satellite observation of natural tracers, such as suspended sediment. Results include current circulation studies in Delaware Bay in support of an oil slick movement model; investigations of the dispersion and movement of acid wastes dumped 40 miles off the Delaware coast; and coastal current circulation. In each case, the integrated drogue-aircraft-satellite approach compares favorably with other techniques on the basis of accuracy, cost effectiveness, and performance under severe weather conditions.


Because of the bad nature environment and the methods of construction,craze appears in the surface of the pier.Through the understanding of the environment,analyze the process of construction and analyze by finite elements method,reasons of crazing is summarized in this paper,some measures are applying to ensure the weak points,and the quality of the pier can get better.


This paper describes the experience of awareness-raising workshops of the National Forum on Education of Health Professions (FNEPAS), which aimed to contribute to the process of change in undergraduate studies for health professionals, based on comprehensive training and health care. Nine workshops were held involving a total of 1,461 delegates, organized according to the Hubs for Continuing Education in Health in the state. There was a process of mobilization for changes, with training on active methodologies, institutional partnerships and intercourses, leaving the region with the challenge of achieving sustainability in the processes triggered.


Let L be a commutative ring with identity and let W be a unitary left L- module. A submodule D of an L- module W is called  s- closed submodule denoted by  D ≤sc W, if D has   no  proper s- essential extension in W, that is , whenever D ≤ W such that D ≤se H≤ W, then D = H. In  this  paper,  we study  modules which satisfies  the ascending chain  conditions (ACC) and descending chain conditions (DCC) on this kind of submodules.


Not long ago a Torontonian shopping in a large department store just across the border asked where he could find chesterfields. On following directions, he was somewhat dismayed to find himself at the cigar counter! Such experiences often occur in life along the border, as any Ontarioan who has tried to buy blinds or serviettes in New York or Michigan will know. When he has been across the line for some time, however, he discovers that most of his neighbours pull down their shades before retiring and tuck in their table napkins before eating spaghetti Italian style. The visitor from Ontario who stays with American friends just south of the line learns that they turn on faucets at the kitchen sink rather than taps and hold up their pants with suspenders, not braces (trousers is "elegant diction" for most men in both countries.)


Abstract This paper introduces the idea of studying the decision citation network of the US Supreme Court in a new fashion by focusing on this Court's overturning of some of its prior decisions. Two departures from current practices were developed. One was to consider the phenomenon of overturning in a broader network context. The second was to treat the citations between overturning decisions and the overturned decisions as negative ties. This led to the creation of multiple signed citation networks. These networks were studied to get a better understanding of the operation of this Court. The results show that, frequently, when decisions are overturned, this is not done in a logically consistent fashion. A research agenda is proposed regarding a reexamination of stare decesis, thought to be a bedrock of the US legal system, and calling it into question as a genuine operating legal principle.


Reinforcement learning, as an important direction of machine learning, has huge development potential due to its unsupervised and model-free characteristics. Deep Q-Learning Network(DQN) is a neural network combining Q-learning and deep learning, which can effectively approximate the Q-learning function. This paper proposes a feedforward feedback control system based on the DQN algorithm, which uses the strong generality of reinforcement learning to solve the difficult problem of feedforward controller design for nonlinear systems. A single-loop water tank liquid level control system model is built, and artificial disturbance factors are introduced to check the performance of the control system. Based on the water tank liquid level control, a simulation experiment is designed to compare the feedforward feedback control system based on DQN with a feedback control system with the same parameters. The simulation results show that the feed-forward controller based on DQN can significantly improve the control effect of the control system, verifying the effectiveness of the algorithm.


Although theories of disenchantment have been both utilized and critiqued by scholars of Islam, they have not received sufficient critical scrutiny within historical studies on Islamic reformism, a novel religiosity associated with modernity's emergence in Muslim societies. Indeed, histories of Islamic reformism often portray this novel religiosity as an exclusive force of disenchantment, which is unhelpful for understanding the views of Muslims with reformist commitments and attachments to Sufi practices that invest supernatural powers into bodies and objects. Through an analysis of the Sufi Islamic reformist project of the ʿAshira Muhammadiyya organization in Egypt during the Nasser years (1954–1970), this article highlights how the history of Islamic reformism resonates with and diverges from disenchantment theories. Specifically, it foregrounds the way this Sufi reformism not only framed its objectives in terms of progress, science, and socialism but also presumed a reformist Sufi subject constituted through encounters with unseen supernatural agents.


The present invention is directed to a composition containing the reaction product of: (A) a cyclic compound containing a 5, 6, or 7-member ring, the ring containing at least one nitrogen and at least one carbonyl group, at least one carbonyl group being adjacent to at least one said nitrogen; (B) an aldehyde or ketone of 1 to about 15 carbon atoms, or a reactive equivalent thereof; and (C) an etheramine represented by the formulaR4(O(CH2CH(R)O)n-R3-NH2)y(C-I)wherein in formula (C-I), each n independently is a number from 0 to about 50; each R independently is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydrocarbyl groups of 1 to about 16 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof; R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbylene groups of about 2 to about 18 carbon atoms and groups represented by the formula wherein R5 and each R6 are independently hydrocarbylene groups of about 2 to about 10 carbon atoms and p is a number from 1 to about 4; y is 1, 2 or 3; and R4 is a hydrocarbyl group having a valence of y and containing 1 to about 50 carbon atoms when y is 1, and 1 to about 18 carbon atoms when y is 2 or 3. These compositions are useful as fuel additives for reducing intake valve deposits and advantageously, they do not contribute to an increase in combustion chamber deposits in port fuel injected internal combustion engines. The invention also relates to concentrates and fuel compositions containing the foregoing fuel additive compositions and to a method for reducing intake valve deposits in an internal combustion engine.


Euph. fr. 75 Powell probably comes from a narrative passage about Hylas appearing to Heracles in a dream, as is the case in Val. Fl. 4.1-37. Valerius may draw on either Euphorion or another Hellenistic source.


The thesis covers the topic of criminal implications managing a company crisis and is focused on inspecting connections between traditional criminal offences expected by Regio Decreto n. 267/1942 and the new alternative solutions to bankruptcy generated by civil section of bankruptcy law's last reforms, i.e. new "concordato preventivo" (art. 160 l.f.), "accordo di ristrutturazione dei debiti" (art. 182-bis l.f.) and "piano attestato di risanamento" (art. 67, comma 3, lett. d) l.f.).
 In recent years, to increase indeed the intended-to-overcome-bankruptcy-crisis agreement instruments' appeal, the Legislator worked for a substantial modification of original bankruptcy law fundamentals.
 From this didn't ensue however a corresponding coordinating process between renewed institutes and traditional criminal disposals. As a result of this an obvious imbalance between aforementioned institutes arose, thus lacking the parallelism that conveniently marked the birth of 1942 bankruptcy law, which – as stated by best legisltory politic's practice - punished criminal behavior enacted within the range of liquidatory or based-on-agreements instruments of before-mentioned civil section.
 After an analysis on bankruptcy law's evolutionary path from 1942 to this day - in a way that outlines the current shape of institutes whose purpose lies in regulating the timing of company crisis and seizing the evolution of legal protection guidelines emerged around recent reforms - the research mostly expands along two paths.
 The first considers the issues about the chance that behaviors performed in accordance with new civil instruments available to the entrepreneur in trouble could be punished by usual criminal offence - i.e. different kinds of bankruptcy, kept unaltered - in the unfortunate chance that the company's rescue plan wouldn't succeed.
 For this eventuality to be avoided , along with law n. 122/2010 converting d.l. n. 8/2010, art. 217 bis regarding bankruptcy frauds, indexed "Esenzione dai reati di Bancarotta", was introduced.
 Such norm, clearly born with the purpose of assuring protection, even from a criminal point of view, to the entrepreneur making preferential payments only to a subset of his debtors in accordance with an agreed plan, carries a set of issues, first and foremost its dogmatic characterization and actual range of implementation, that casts doubt on the norm's adequacy to settle all existing critical matters.
 On the other hand, the second research path inspects the Professional Attestator's criminal responsibility. This figure - present with different characterizations in all three institutes of agreement introduced - constitutes a significant novelty, given the characteristic role it conducts during the delicate phase of company crisis resolution.
 In short summary the Legislator assigned to the aforementioned Professional the power to judge rightness and feasibility of the plan arranged unilaterally by the entrepreneur or agreed upon by his debtors. Such crucial topic, traditionally belonging to bankruptcy court's competence - due to obvious interest implied in such inspection - is assigned now to a private individual of entrepreneur's choice, in order to speed up the process of moving forward to a fruitful crisis's resolution.
 About this issue the introduction by d.l. n. 83/2012 of a new norm, art. 236 bis l. fall. ("Falso in attestazioni e relazioni"), punishing exposition of false information or omission of relevant information by Professional Attestators in charge of redacting programs and guaranteeing economic and patrimonial firmness of plans.
 This work moreover takes account of consequences derived by the new concordato preventivo structure as opposed to the unaltered criminal offence of art. 236 l. fall., the only one directly focused on safeguard of instruments alternative to bankruptcy.
On a broader level, with regard to the results of these and other hermeneutic topics, the research exposes a general view on the new balance between the two sections of bankruptcy law, especially with reference to the new legal goods upheld by Bankruptcy law, where a substantial constriction of the traditional principle of par condicio creditorum can be perceived, on behalf of the need of protecting "company value".


We demonstrated an efficient system for multifocal structured illumination microscopy (MSIM) utilizing a spatial light modulator (SLM). Nine phase profiles of chessboard phase plates loaded on the SLM in sequence are used to generate nine multifocal arrays on the focal plane. Subsequently, nine raw multifocal images are acquired. Finally, by extracting the parameters of the illumination patterns from the raw images precisely, a final super-resolved image is reconstructed by performing the standard reconstruction procedure of structured illumination microscopy (SIM). Our MSIM system realized nearly a 1.5-fold enhancement in spatial resolution compared with wide-field (WF) microscopy. The feasibility of the present system is validated on experiments and the results show its great performances along with good compatibility.


Ti-Ta films were deposited out of Ti and Ta targets on glass and kapton substrates. The co-deposition leaded to the formation of a compositional spread in the Ti-Ta system, a continuous variation of the Ta/Ti ratio along the full range of the film. The typical microstructure observed for the films deposited at RT consisted of columnar grains with dotted Ta-rich particles, reflecting a relatively nonhomogenous structure. Annealing at 400 °C leaded to the individualization of grain boundaries and to a coalescence of the Ta-rich particles. Annealing at 500 °C further reduced the amount of particles, but also appeared to be associated with the cracking in the stressed area of the film/kapton structure.


A singular system with primary constraints of the first kind and a singular system with primary and secondary constraints are investigated. The equations of motion for these systems are written as total differential equations and the set of Hamilton jacobi partial differential equations is obtained. Besides, it is shown that the original action (in configuration space) can be recovered from the Hamiltonian formulation (in phase space) using the inverse of the Legender transformation without introducing the Lagrange multipliers. The equations of motion are integrable iff the total differential of the primary constraints is equal to zero.


The contribution is part of a dissertation dealing with what could be concluded from fibulas of the Imperial Period when technologically analyzed. Single elements of their construction (Sehnenhaken, Kamm, Fusteil etc.), the traces of tools (punch) as well as the repair work were examined.
As regards Armbrust and Rollenkappen fibulas, the corresponding of the numerous groups of fibulas of the same Workshop type with certain areas of Germanic settlement became evident. The merely sporadically overlapping of finds of fibulas of the same Workshop type between the single areas of settlement exclude long-distance trade. On this basis the absence of any indication of mass production can no longer be surprising. Consideration of the technical skills and the required knowledge clearly suggested though trained Germanic craftsmen in all probability working polytechnically.
On this outlined background the Augenfibeln (type Almgren 45) make a striking exception. Apart from Bohemia they appear in their 'genuine' form in a relatively dense distribution of finds also in the area of the Middle and the Lower Elbe river. The examination, moreover, revealed that – technically – the Augenfibeln (type Almgren 45) show an exceptionally strong influence of Roman Provincials. The state of the fibulas even favours the conclusion that they were made by Roman Provincial artisans in Bohemia. These quite obviously translated the Bohemian form of the Augenfibel and set up mass production. Besides the 'genuine' Bohemian Augenfibeln (type Almgren 45) relatively numerous indigenous imitated fibulas of this form appear in the area of the Middle and Lower Elbe. It becomes evident that for the distribution of the Bohemian Augenfibel we need not look to a booming long-distance trade. In connection with the Bohemian Augenfibeln a Statement by Tacitus is of interest. He reports that Provincial Romans had stayed at Marbod's Court, and moreover, that Marbod's sphere of influence had even embraced the peoples of the Lower Elbe. Thus the distribution of the 'genuine' Bohemian Augenfibel (type Almgren 45) is closely connected with Marbod's realm. Instead of taking them to be objects of some long-distance trade, we must look upon the 'genuine' Augenfibeln found outside Bohemia as presents rather, or, even more probable still, as the possession of Germanic warriors having served in Marbod's army. This phenomenon abruptly disappears with Marbod's fall.
During the Earlier Roman Imperial Period practically none of the ascertained groups of fibulas of the same Workshop type spreads over several areas of Germanic settlement.


Magnesium alloy AZ63 (Mg−6Al−3Zn) was deformed at temperatures between room temperature and 300 °C. Stress relaxation tests were performed in order to reveal features of the thermally activated dislocation mechanism. Internal and effective components of the applied stress were estimated. Very high values of the internal stress estimated at lower temperatures decrease rapidly with increasing deformation temperature. The apparent activation volume decreases with increasing effective stress. The values of the activation volume as well as the activation enthalpy indicate that the main thermally activated process is most probably the glide of dislocations in non−compact planes. Non-monotonous temperature dependence of the flow stress was observed. Post relaxation effect was detected. Strain ageing effects are explained by the dynamic solute-dislocation interaction.


A large number of single‐ and cross‐hole pneumatic injection tests have been conducted in shallow vertical and inclined boreholes in unsaturated fractured tuff at the Apache Leap Research Site (ALRS) near Superior, Arizona. Previously, direct and indirect evidence for a permeability scale effect was provided through the analysis of these tests. Direct evidence was based on the comparison of small‐scale single‐hole and larger‐scale cross‐hole test results obtained through the type curve and steady state analysis of these data separately. Indirect evidence was provided by comparing cross‐hole test analyses conducted at fine and coarse scales of resolution by means of a three‐dimensional numerical inverse model. The latter study also provided indirect evidence for a porosity scale effect. However, there were no small‐scale porosity data from single‐hole tests to directly verify this indirect evidence. This paper presents such data generated through the type curve interpretation of the recovery phase of the single‐hole tests conducted at a nominal 1‐m scale providing direct evidence for a porosity scale effect at the site. Statistical analysis of results revealed a strong porosity scale effect confirming an earlier finding obtained indirectly. These results also showed that (1) the injection phase of the pneumatic single‐hole tests do not yield reliable estimates of porosity but the recovery phase are amenable to type curve interpretation, (2) flow dimensionality of single‐hole tests at 1‐m scale are three‐dimensional across the site except for a few tests which exhibited two‐dimensional and fracture flow behavior, (3) there is a very weak correlation between permeability and porosity, and (4) there is a lack of correlation between fracture density and both permeability and porosity.


Thesis/Novel The Real Story Pg The Beginning 1 Chapter 1. Losing Things 2 Chapter 2. Party On 7 Chapter 3. Global warming in the Rest Home 13 Chapter 4. Better off Dead 16 Chapter 5. Off to Windy Wellington 24 Chapter 6. B a Good Girl 29 Chapter 7. Roast Pork and Cabbage 34 Chapter 8. Just another Monday 40 Chapter 9. The Visit 50 Chapter 10. Going Home 55 Chapter 11. Secrets and Surprises 59 Chapter 12. Falling 69 Chapter 13. In the Lap of the Gods 72 Chapter 14. Old Wounds and New Ones 77 Chapter 15. Broken at Last 87 Chapter 16. Visits in the Night 89 Chapter 17. After the Dawn 91 Chapter 18. Getting a Life 94 Chapter 19. Out in the Storm 107 Chapter 20. Seeing Things 109 Chapter 21. Hanging On 113 Chapter 22. Home at Last 118 Chapter 23. Letting Go 120 The Beginning (again) 132 Exegesis: What is the Real Story?


From the Republic of China to the early years of new China,activities organized by Fujian Broadsword Society were widespread in every corner of Fujian.The paper mainly relates and analyzes the social functions of activities organized by Fujian Broadsword Society.


The behavior of YBa2Cu3Ox crystals upon annealing was investigated by a polarizing microscope. Gradual transformation between the orthorhombic and tetragonal phases was observed in situ on heating and on cooling in oxygen atmosphere. An obvious change was recognized between twin domain structures before and after annealing. It is indicated that there is a possibility of reducing the number of twin domains in the crystal.


The primary purpose of the present study was to examine what good teaching is and what characteristics good teachers carry for preservice teachers who were registered in an introductory teaching class at a land-grant university in Midwest, USA. Participants included 18 teacher candidates. I collected the data by conducting semi-structured interviews with the participants. The findings of the study indicate that good teaching is (1) creative, (2) studentcentered, (3) stimulative, (4) relevant, (5) adaptable, and (6) challenging. Similarly, the findings also reveal that good teachers (1) build personal relationships with their students, (2) mentor their students, (3) are enthusiastic, (4) respect their students, and (5) are experts in their field. Based on the findings of the study, I argue that the conception of good teaching and good teachers that emerged from this study is congruent with other teaching frameworks such as culturally relevant teaching.


In this laboratory exercise we will separate and identify the cations in an aqueous mixture that possibly contains Fe 3+ , Ni 2+ or Cu 2+ salts. The separation will be achieved using Paper Chromatography. Identification of the cations will be affected by simultaneously running separate solutions, each containing a single salt of these ions, through the chromatographic system and comparing the results against those of the unknown solution.


Few studies have evaluated single‐gene changes modulated by spinal cord stimulation (SCS), providing a narrow understanding of molecular changes. Genomics allows for a robust analysis of holistic gene changes in response to stimulation.


People of non-European origin form around 7% of the total UK population. Most of these are of South Asian (that is, from the Indian subcontinent) or Black African (that is, from the Caribbean and West Africa) descent. For these migrants, as for virtually all population groups living in the western world, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the main cause of death. But there are striking ethnic differences in CVD risk. Disease presentation may differ, challenging diagnostic skills, and therapeutic requirements and responses may also not be uniform. The study of ethnic differences in CVD has provided valuable aetiological clues, not just for ethnic minority groups but also for the majority population.

Migrants of South Asian descent worldwide have elevated risks of morbid and mortal events because of ischaemic heart disease (IHD).1 In the UK, mortality from IHD in both South Asian men and women is 1.5 times that of the general population (fig 1),2 and South Asians have not benefited to the same extent from the general decline in deaths caused by IHD over the last few decades. These ethnic differences are greatest in the youngest age groups.

 Figure 1
Standardised mortality ratios (SMR) for heart disease and stroke in South Asians and African Caribbeans compared to Europeans, age 20–69, from 1989–92. Adapted from Wild and McKeigue,2 with permission from the BMJ Publishing Group.

These ethnic differences have been extensively studied, and while classical risk factors, such as smoking, blood pressure, obesity, and cholesterol vary substantially between subgroups of South Asians—such that in some cases, levels are equivalent to, or lower than, a comparable European population—levels of glucose intolerance, central obesity (as measured by waist to hip ratio), fasting triglyceride, and insulin are uniformly elevated compared to Europeans (table 1).3 As the elevated risk of IHD is shared by …