Background: General Hospital Pandan Arang well as hospitals to provide services
(Public Hospital) is also an education where students from several universities
(Theaching Hospital). But most of the students at the General Hospital have not
implemented optimally obligations. Many of the factors that affect student
performance practice, such as self efficacy and social support.
Objective: To analyze the relationship between self efficacy and social support on the
performance of college students practice midwifery in the General Hospital Boyolali.
Methods: This study uses quantitative research design. Research conducted at the
General Hospital Boyolali. The number of samples of 50 students who conducted the
performance academy midwifery practice in the General Hospital Boyolali, using a
random quota sampling technique. Independent variables were self-efficacy and
social support, while the dependent variable of performance practice. Collecting data
using questionnaires and secondary data that exist in the hospital. Data analysis
using normality test, linearity and multiple linear regression analysis.
Results: show that there is a very significant positive relationship between self
efficacy and social support on performance practice, with a correlation coefficient (r)
of 0, 696, p = 0.000 (p <0.05) (self efficacy), 0.775; p = 0.000 (p <0.05) (social
support).
Effective contribution of the variable self-efficacy and social support is 67.9% which
is shown by the determinant coefficient (r2) of 0.679.
Conclusion: there is a relationship between self efficacy and social support on the
performance of college students practice midwifery either partial or jointly
significantly.


Objective: Changes in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), known for its critical role in the regulation of blood pressure and sodium homeostasis, may contribute to aging and age-related diseases. Here we characterized the RAS and kidney pathology in mice with genomic instability due to a defective nucleotide excision repair gene (Ercc1d/- mice). These mice display premature features of aging, including vascular dysfunction. Design and method: Studies were performed in male and female Ercc1d/- mice and their wild type controls (Ercc1+/+) at the age of 12 or 18 weeks before and after treatment with losartan. The renin-activatable near-infrared fluorescent probe ReninSense 680™ was applied in vivo to allow non-invasive imaging of renin activity. Plasma renin concentrations (PRC) were additionally measured ex vivo by quantifying Ang I generation in the presence of excess angiotensinogen. Kidneys were harvested and examined for markers of aging, and albumin was determined in urine. Results: Kidneys of 12-week old Ercc1d/- mice showed signs of aging, including tubular anisokaryosis, cell-senescence and increased apoptosis. This was even more pronounced at the age of 18 weeks. Yet, urinary albumin was normal at 12 weeks. The ReninSense 680™ probe showed increased intrarenal renin activity in Ercc1d/- mice versus Ercc1+/+ mice, both at 12 and 18 weeks of age, while PRC in these mice tended to be lower compared to Ercc1+/+ mice. Renin was higher in male than female mice, both in the kidney and in plasma, and losartan increased kidney and plasma renin in both Ercc1d/- and Ercc1+/+ mice. Conclusions: Rapidly aging Ercc1d/- mice display an activated intrarenal RAS, as evidenced by the increased fluorescence detected with the ReninSense 680™ probe. This increased RAS activity may contribute to the disturbed kidney pathology in these mice. The increased intrarenal activity detected with the ReninSense 680™ probe in male vs. female mice, as well as after losartan treatment, are in full agreement with the literature, and thus not only validate the specificity of the probe, but also support its use for longitudinal imaging of altered RAS signaling in aging.


Juvenile systemic sclerosis (jSSc) is an orphan disease with a prevalence of 3 in 1 000 000 children (1). In adult patients there are significant differences between the clinical presentation of diffuse and limited subtypes (2). We reviewed clinical differences in presentation of subtypes in patients in the juvenile systemic scleroderma inception cohort up to 2021.To study the clinical presentation of jSSc patients with diffuse (djSSc) and limited (ljSSc) subtypes.We reviewed the clinical baseline characteristics of the patients, who were recruited to the juvenile scleroderma inception cohort (jSScC) (3, 4) till 1st of December 2021. jSScC is a prospective cohort of jSSc patients, who developed the first non-Raynaud´s symptom before the age of 16 years and are under the age of 18 years at the time of inclusion.210 patients with jSSc were included in the cohort, 71% (n=162) had diffuse subtype. The median age at onset of Raynaud phenomenon was 10.4 years (7.3 – 12.9) and the median age at the first non-Raynaud symptom was 10.9 years (7.4 – 13.2). Median disease duration was 2.5 years (1 – 4.4) at the time of inclusion. The female/male ratio was significantly lower in the djSSc subtype (3.7:1 versus 5:1, p<0.001). Antibody profile was quite similar, with the exception of a significantly higher number of anticentromere positive patients in the ljSSc (12% versus 2%, p=0.013). Decreased FVC < 80% was found in approximately 30% and decreased DLCO < 80% was found in around 40% in both subtypes. Pulmonary hypertension assessed by ultrasound was identified in 5% in both groups. Patients with diffuse subtype had significantly higher modified Rodnan Skin Score (mRSS) (16 versus 4.5, p<0.001), sclerodactyly (84% versus 60%, p<0.001), history of digital ulceration (62% versus 31%, p<0.001), decreased Body Mass Index (BMI) < -2 z score (20% versus 4%, p=0.003) and decreased joint range of motion (64% versus 46%, p=0.019). Patients with ljSSc had significantly higher rate of cardiac involvement (13% versus 2%, p=0.001).Regarding patient related outcomes djSSc patients had more severe disease, looking at patient reported global disease activity (VAS 0 – 100) (40 versus 25, p=0.039), patient reported global disease damage (VAS 0 – 100) (40 versus 25, p=0.021) and patient reported assessment of ulceration activity (10 versus 0, p=0.044). Regarding physician related outcomes the physician reported global disease activity (VAS 0 – 100) (32 versus 20, p<0.001) and physician reported global disease damage (VAS 0 – 100) (30 versus 15, p=0.014) was significantly higher in djSSc.In this jSSc cohort, the largest in the world, djSSc patients have a significantly more severe disease than ljSSc patients. Interestingly, we found no differences regarding interstitial lung disease and pulmonary hypertension.[1]Beukelman T, Xie F, Foeldvari I. Assessing the prevalence of juvenile systemic sclerosis in childhood using administrative claims data from the United States. Journal of Scleroderma and Related Disorders. 2018;3(2):189-90.[2]Dougherty DH, Kwakkenbos L, Carrier ME, Salazar G, Assassi S, Baron M, et al. The Scleroderma Patient-Centered Intervention Network Cohort: baseline clinical features and comparison with other large scleroderma cohorts. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2018;57(9):1623-31.[3]Foeldvari I, Klotsche J, Kasapcopur O, Adrovic A, Terreri MT, Sakamoto AP, et al. Differences sustained between diffuse and limited forms of juvenile systemic sclerosis in expanded international cohort. www.juvenile-scleroderma.com. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2021.[4]Foeldvari I, Klotsche J, Torok KS, Kasapcopur O, Adrovic A, Stanevica V, et al. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FIRST 80 PATIENTS AT TIMEPOINT OF FIRST ASSESSMENT INCLUDED IN THE JUVENILE SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS INCEPTION COHORT. WWW.JUVENILESCLERODERMA.COM. Journal of Scleroderma and Related Disorders. 2018;4(1-13).None declared


Most bacteria are stabilized by the polymeric glycopeptide murein (peptidoglycan), a network of glycan strands interlinked by short peptides (see Fig. 1). The murein completely encloses the cell, thereby forming a kind of bag-shaped exoskeleton called a sacculus (Weidel & Pelzer, 1964; Mirelman, 1979; Tipper & Wright, 1979; Rogers et al., 1980). Expansion of the wall during bacterial growth and splitting of the septum for cell separation call for enzymes that cleave covalent bonds within the murein sacculus. Thus, bacterial growth depends on murein hydrolases, a class of enzymes ubiquitous among bacteria (Ghuysen, 1968). Such simple statements, however, belie the complexity and remarkable activity of these enzymes on the bacterial surface. New insight gained over the past decade has led to an emerging picture of a rather dynamic state of the bacterial sacculus in which the murein net is continuously subjected to intense hydrolytic attack, as indicated by insertion of new material, and remodelling and release of aged material. In addition to acting as pacemaker and spacemaker enzymes for cell wall growth (Weidel & Pelzer, 1964; Tomasz, 1983, 1984) some of the murein hydrolases can act as autolysins, thereby representing potential suicide enzymes. This life and death dichotomy of function demands efficient and strict regulation of murein hydrolase activity, a highly sophisticated physiological task. The enzymes, which must be controlled at their extracytoplasmic location, are required to act coordinately to govern orderly growth and division of the cell with its specific shape preserved. Antibiotics such as penicillin induce bacteriolysis by interfering with the control of the endogenous autolytic enzymes (Tomasz & Holtje, 1977 ; Tomasz, 1979), indicating the major chemotherapeutic relevance of this class of enzymes. Fine tuning of 1 1 . . . GlcNAc-MurNAc-GlcNAc . + .


The Astronomical Diaries are a unique corpus of documents from Babylon containing daily observations of celestial and terrestrial phenomena in the last half millennium before the Common Era. They provide direct information on how Babylonian scholars conducted scientific research and viewed political, economic, and religious events of their time—in other words, how they experienced their era. The book under review is a good introduction to this corpus.


Micron-level alignment of the undulator line is required for successful operation of linear accelerator based high gain free electron lasers to produce powerful radiation at X-rays' wavelengths. Such precision in the straightness of the trajectory allows for an optimal transverse superposition between the electrons and the photon beam. This is extremely challenging and can only be achieved via beam-based techniques. In this paper we will report on the dispersion-free steering approach implemented at SwissFEL, that helped achieving improved performance for both the hard and soft X-ray beamlines.


cedure." Older Ss had significantly higher F scores (s = 0.41, n = 51, rwo-tailed p < 0.01) and significantly lower K scores (s = -0.33, fi < 0.02). They tended to have lower Hy scores (r = -0.24, p < 0.10) and higher Pa scores (r = 0.25, p < 0.10). They did not differ from the younger Ss on the other standard scales: L (r = 0.05), Hs (s = -0.14), D (s = 0.005), Pd (r = -0.22), Mf (I = 0.12), PC (r = -0.07), Sc (s = 0.005), and Ma (r = 0.20). The influence of age on MMPI scores is not well documented (Dahlstrom & Welsh, 1960). Brozek (1955) compared male college students with older male professionals and businessmen and found the older males to have significantly higher K, Hs, D, Mf, and Pa scores, significantly lower Pt, Sc, and Ma scores, and similar L, F, Pd, and Hy scores as compared to the younger males. The pattern of differences in the completed suicides differed considerably from this pattern. Older complered suicides showed significantly more response conformity (F scale) and less denial of personal inadequacies (K scale). They also had a tendency to less often use physical symptoms as a means of resolving conflicts (Hy scale) and a greater tendency to paranoia (Pa scale). However, there did not appear to be a general trend for older Ss to obtain higher scores on all scales, on those scales considered to tap psychotic processes, or on those scales considered to tap neurotic processes. Although Ss' age range was large, only 5 Ss were 50 yr. of age or older. The inclusion of more older Ss may provide larger differences than those noted here.


Fowler–Nordheim tunneling of holes through thermally grown silicon dioxide on 6H–silicon carbide is reported. Oxides of 5.2, 10, and 14.2 nm thickness were grown on the p+ face of a p+n SiC junction. The p+n junction served to separate the electron and hole tunneling currents. Hole tunneling was found to be the dominant current mechanism through the oxide. Fowler–Nordheim analysis, using a parabolic E–K relationship, was performed to extract a barrier height–effective mass product, ΦB3/2(mox/m0)1/2, for electrons and holes of 2.88%±4.9% and 2.38%±3.8% (V3/2) respectively. An estimate for the effective mass of holes within the oxide was made using both the parabolic and Franz dispersion relations.


The present invention discloses a quick warm lighting means to solve the known techniques disclosed can not make the problem of lighting the lighting load to achieve rapid warm, light and unstable because the instantaneous interruption when the temperature drops again quickly start caused by case, which is the energy storage circuit, oscillation circuit, consisting of a transformer, in an initial state of the power supply to the energy storage circuit is charged and the start of the lighting load, the circuit the stored energy can be stored by the energy, accelerating the lighting load warmed rapidly to stabilize the emitted light, in addition, the circuit may be stored in the energy storage by the energy, so that the lighting load when the interruption instant re-start, can continue until a stable operating state, without affecting the stability of the light source .


Recognizing the most influential operational parameters and quantifying their effects in CO2 injection process by commercial software and validated compositional reservoir model can play an important role in optimizing the development scenarios. The most important operational parameters are injected CO2 volume, injection rate, location and number of injected wells, perforated intervals, GOR constraint of production wells, and CO2 solubility in the aquifer. Simulation results have shown that increasing the injected volume of CO2 causes increase in storage capacity, but not in the oil recovery factor necessarily. The most significant parameters on oil recovery factor are injection rate and perforated intervals. Injection in lower layers increases the recovery factor and storage capacity simultaneously. In field-scale simulation, injection pattern, well spacing and injection rate should be optimized concurrently. CO2 solubility in aquifer and limiting the production wells with GOR constraint increases the storage capacity and reduces the oil recovery factor. Finally, at the best scenario, secondary recovery factor obtained by continuous CO2 injection is around 7.5%, and CO2 storage capacity is 33 BSm3 equal to 60 MM metric Ton. Economical evaluation indicates that the best case scenario has IRR and NPV of 37% and 8 BUSD, respectively.


The structure of the insurance gross tariff on contracts other than life insurance is investigated. The notion of "office premіum" is introduced, the detailed formula for gross rate calculation is given.


Background: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of implementing an educational program on health status outcome for patients congestive heart failure. Subject and Methods: A quasi-experimental design was used to evaluate the effect of implementing an educational program on health status outcome for patients congestive heart failure. The subjects of the study was conducted in the cardiac care units in three selected governmental hospitals in Port Said city  , El-Nasr Hospital, General Port Said Hospital and Al-Tadamon Health Insurance Hospital (The total sample size was 108 patients).Two tools was developed and used by the researcher for data collection. Tool: Congestive heart failure patients Questionnaire is divided into two parts. Part (1): This part included practice assessment regarding congestive heart failure and clinical data questionnaire as sociodemographic data and patient history and clinical data. Part (2): This part included educational program for patients with congestive heart failure. Results: After the educational program the results showed a positive statistically significant difference in the study group than control group in household activity(96.3%) , self-care(100%), decrease load of work by others(62 .6%)., sporting activity(72.2%), take rest during work(82.3%) and regular vacation(53.7%), know hazards of smoking(98%), not excessive salt and fat(13.0% and 5.6%) in the diet, and positive aspect of the life(72.2%).  , in the first second evaluation (after 3 months).Conclusion: Educational program has a significant improvement on health status outcome for patients congestive heart failure. Recommendation: education program for nurses working with CHF patient's concerning improve their information.


Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is thought to develop as a result of inflammatory processes in the aortic wall. In particular, mast cells are believed to play a central role. The AORTA trial was undertaken to investigate whether the mast cell inhibitor, pemirolast, could retard the growth of medium‐sized AAAs. In preclinical and clinical trials, pemirolast has been shown to inhibit antigen‐induced allergic reactions.


GASTROPOD-borne parasites may cause debilitating clinical conditions in both animals and people when the infected intermediate or paratenic hosts are ingested. Gastropod mucus and water have been suspected as a source of infection for some zoonotic metastrongyloids. The feline lungworms Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and Trichostrongylus brevior have been increasing in cat populations; the epidemiology is poorly understood but gastropods have been suspected as being a factor. The aim of this study was to assess the potential of alternative transmission pathways for A abstrusus and T brevior, via the mucus of infected Helix aspersa snails and the water where snails die.


The potencies of anesthetics are often discussed in relation to the lipid solubility expressed by oil/water partition coefficients. It has been demonstrated that the biologic activities of a number of drugs unrelated to anesthetics also can be expressed by a primary function of their lipophilicity or hydrophobicity derived from oil/water partition coefficients [see, for instance, Hansch and Clayton (l)]. The values of oil/water partition coefficients vary by the choice of the organic solvents for the oil phase. Octanol is probably most often used for the oil phase. It has been generally accepted that octanol represents


The method of extremal filtration implementing the decomposition of signals into alternating components is considered. The history of the method development is described, its mathematical substantiation is given. The method suggests signal decomposition based on the removal of known components locally determined by their extrema. The similarity of the method with empirical modes decomposition in terms of the result is shown, and their comparison is also carried out. The algorithm of extremal filtration has a simple mathematical basis that does not require the calculation of transcendental functions, which provides it with higher performance with comparable results. The advantages and disadvantages of the extremal filtration method are analyzed, and the possibility of its application for solving various technical problems is shown, i.e. the formation of diagnostic features, rapid analysis of signals, spectral and time-frequency analysis, etc. The methods for calculating spectral characteristics are described: by the parameters of the distinguished components, based on the approximation on the extrema by bell-shaped pulses. The method distribution in case of wavelet transform of signals is described. The method allows obtaining rapid evaluation of the frequencies and amplitudes (powers) of the components, which can be used as diagnostic features in solving problems of recognition, diagnosis and monitoring. The possibility of using extremal filtration in real-time systems is shown.


Reliable and accountable data management is critical in large-scale studies with regulatory implications. In a 36,000-animal low dose/response carcinogenesis study using medaka (Oryzias latipes) and conducted under EPA Good Laboratory Practices (TSCA), four replicates of 9,000 fish each were exposed to diethylnitrosamine, grown out in clean water and sampled for histopathoological examination at about two-month intervals. Fifteen-member teams took about 3 days per sample to capture, examine, and fix fish, as well as record hardcopy data on specimen numbers, abnormalities, and sex determination. Aliquots were measured for standard length and weight and abnormal fish photographed. Animal data were transferred to a customized diagnostic computer program (dBase IV format). Approximately 72,000 H and E-stained slides are being evaluated by six pathologists. Each batch of slides is accompanied by the correlating computer data on disk. Each pathologist assesses slide quality, examines twelve organs and tissues from each fish, and records diagnoses on the computer program. Standardized diagnoses used in the program resulted from a National Toxicology Program Pathology Working Group meeting where pathologists experienced in rodent and fish tumor diagnosis set the criteria for lesions in fish. As diagnoses are completed, slides and data on disk are returned to the study laboratorymore » where the computer data is proofed and transferred to a dedicated computer. Data analyses are done from the dedicated database. Study quality depends on data quality which, in turn, demands that procedures be repeatable and that data can be tracked from origin to analysis and maintained securely.« less


Over the past four years, Sandia National Laboratories has conducted a number of large pool fire tests to evaluate the design of radioactive material (RAM) shipping containers. Some of these tests have been designed to define the thermal environment and some have been used for certification testing. In each test there have been a number of fire diagnostic measurements. The simplest sets of diagnostics have involved measurements of temperature at several elevations on arrays of towers, measurements of hot wall heat flux with small calorimeters suspended from the towers, the average fuel recession rate, and the wind speed and direction. The most complex sets of diagnostics have included the above and in various tests added radiometers in the lower flame zone, centerline velocity measurements at a number of elevations, radiometers and calorimeters at the fuel surface, large cylindrical and flat plate calorimeters, infrared imaging, time resolved fuel recession rates, and a variety of soot particle concentration and size measurements made in the plume with a tethered balloon and an instrumented airplane. All of the large fires have been conducted in a 9.1 m by 18.3 m pool using JP-4 as the fuel. Typical duration is one-half hour. Covering all ofmore » the results is beyond the scope of a single paper. Conditionally sampled temperature and velocity measurements from one fire will be presented; for this fire, a 20 cm layer of fuel was floated on 61 cm of water. Pool surface heat flux, fuel recession rate data, and smoke emission data from a second fire are given. Because the wind has a strong effect on the temperature and velocity measurements, conditional sampling has been used to try to obtain data during periods of low winds. 10 refs., 3 figs.« less


A ten-year-old dog was presented with pancreatitis and increased hepatic enzymes. On necropsy a large firm mass was observed in the liver extending to the gall bladder. Smaller masses with similar texture were found in multiple organs including lung, stomach, pancreas, lymph nodes, omentum, and mesentery. Neoplastic cells were spindle shaped with prominent osteoid production and occasional trabeculae of woven bone. Tumor cell emboli were observed in the blood vessels and lymphatics of the omentum and stomach. Hepatic osteosarcoma with systemic metastasis is very rare and may serve to broaden the diagnostic spectrum of hepatic and pancreatic diseases in dogs.


Objective: In clinical practice, hypercalcemia may not be observed with very high serum 25 OH vitamin D levels. The reason for this is unknown. Our aim in this study is to reveal the percentage of hypercalcemia in patients with very high serum 25 OH vitamin D levels. Methods: Between January 1, 2016 and October 31, 2017, 22996 patients who were referred to hospital and examined 25 OH vitamin D levels from all patients were screened at the Dicle University Medical Faculty Hospital. Patients with 25 OH vitamin D levels> 150 μg / L were included in the study. The calcium, phosphorus, creatinine, albumin and parathormone values of these patients, if any, were checked. Rates of hypercalcemia in patients with hypervitaminosis D were evaluated. The vitamin D preparations they used were recorded. Serum 25 OH Vitamin D was measured by HPLC method. Results: A total of 27 patients with serum 25 OH vitamin D> 150 μg / L were detected. The ratio was approximately 1/1000 (0.0013). The mean age was 56 ± 20 (24-90) years. Twenty-one of the 27 patients in our study were female (78%) and 6 were male (12%). Serum 25 OH Vitamin D level averaged 184.81 ± 35.37 (150.51-279.64) μg / L, serum 25 OH vitamin D levels after replacement were measured after a mean of 2.10 ± 1.58 months. The mean serum calcium level was 9.48 ± 0.52 (8.4-10.9) mg / dL, and the serum calcium level of one patient was above normal (10.9 mg / dL). The percentage of hypercalcemia in patients with serum 25 OH vitamin D level> 150 μg / L was 3.70%. Conclusion: As a result, very high levels of vitamin D do not show hypercalcemia. When vitamin D level is above the level of toxicity, calcium and phosphorus control should be performed. Very high vitamin D levels are often attributed to too much ampoule use. Close follow-up and appropriate dose treatment of the patients will solve this problem.


 Abstract — In compression of medical image using feed-forward neural network trained with the back-propagation algorithm and lefted wavelet transformation is proposed to compress high quality medical images. Medical image processing process is one of the most important section of research in medical applications in digital medical information. In this new approach , a three hidden layer feed-forward network (FFN) is applied directly as the main compression algorithm to compress an MRI, X-ray, computer tomography images. After training with sufficient sample images, the compression process will be carried out on the target image. The coupling weights and activation values of each neuron in the hidden layer will be stored after training. Compression is achieved by using smaller number of hidden neurons as compare to the number of image pixels due to lesser information being stored. experimental results proves that the anticipated algorithm is superior to another algorithm in both lossy and lossless compression for all medical images tested Experimental results show that the FFN is able to achieve comparable compression performance to popular existing medical image compression schemes such as JPEG2000 and JPEG-LS. The Wavelet-SPIHT algorithm provides PSNR very important values for MRI and CT scan images.


We studied pot cultivated Haloxylon ammodendron's growth,physiological changes and drought resistance under NaCl,H2SiO3 and NaCl+H2SiO3 treatments.Results show that 0.3 g·kg-1 NaCl,0.2 g·kg-1 H2SiO3 or 0.3 g·kg-1 NaCl+0.1 g·kg-1 H2SiO3 treatments can effectively promote the growth and improve the drought resistance ofHaloxylon ammodendron.Compared with that under no NaCl treatment,Haloxylon ammodendron's height,crown diameter and fresh weight increased by 42%,91% and 62% respectively under 0.3 g·kg-1 NaCl treatment,and its main stem diameter,main root diameter and main root length increased by 40%,39% and 23%,respectively.Compared with that under no H2SiO3 treatment,Haloxylon ammodendron's height,crown diameter and fresh weight increased by 36%,45% and 27% respectively under 0.2 g·kg-1 H2SiO3 treatment,and its main stem diameter,main root diameter and main root length increased by 23%,23% and 20%,respectively.Compared with that under 0.3 g·kg-1 NaCl treatment,Haloxylon ammodendron's height,crown diameter,fresh weight and main root length increased by 9%,10%,17% and 12% respectively under 0.3 g·kg-1 NaCl+0.1 g·kg-1 H2SiO3 treatment.Compared with that under 0.1 g·kg-1 H2SiO3 treatment,Haloxylon ammodendron's height,crown diameter and fresh weight increased by 28%,76% and 68% respectively under 0.3 g·kg-1 NaCl+0.1 g·kg-1 H2SiO3 treatment,and its main stem diameter,main root diameter and main root length increased by 30%,32% and 27%,respectively.It suggests that moderate level of NaCl+H2SiO3 interaction can more effectively promote growth ofHaloxylon ammodendron and improve drought resistance ofHaloxylon ammodendron than separate application of NaCl or H2SiO3.


This paper introduces the process of the overlay way of conduction electricity plastic.Can bark and conduction electricity plastic,which can quick the solidification as outside packing sealing,.Conductive electricity function of carbon staple is studied,The effect of electrostatic shielding is produced.It has trait which technology of wrap up simplicity,cost underrate,protection of length,effect well,quickly unwind.


Background Insomnia treatment using an internet-based cognitive–behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) program reduces depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms and suicidal ideation. However, the speed, longevity and consistency of these effects are unknown. Aims To test the following: whether the efficacy of online CBT-I was sustained over 18 months; how rapidly the effects of CBT-I emerged; evidence for distinct trajectories of change in depressive symptoms; and predictors of these trajectories. Method A randomised controlled trial compared the 6-week Sleep Healthy Using the Internet (SHUTi) CBT-I program to an attention control program. Adults (N=1149) with clinical insomnia and subclinical depression symptoms were recruited online from the Australian community. Results Depression, anxiety and insomnia decreased significantly by week 4 of the intervention period and remained significantly lower relative to control for >18 months (between-group Cohen's d=0.63, 0.47, 0.55, respectively, at 18 months). Effects on suicidal ideation were only short term. Two depression trajectories were identified using growth mixture models: improving (95%) and stable/deteriorating (5%) symptoms. More severe baseline depression, younger age and limited comfort with the internet were associated with reduced odds of improvement. Conclusions Online CBT-I produced rapid and long-term symptom reduction in people with subclinical depressive symptoms, although the initial effect on suicidal ideation was not sustained.


Bragg Gratings are waveguides, typically single-mode optical fibers, into which a periodic refractive index modulation has been imprinted by a patterned UV exposure. Fiber Bragg Gratings separate telecom frequency bands or compensate for optical dispersion in long-haul fiber networks, and also serve as strain sensors for civil engineering or geophysical studies and oil, gas or mining exploitation. A Bragg Grating writer is an interferometer for generating the UV exposure pattern. It is one of the unusual cases where an interferometer is a production tool, rather than a metrology instrument. In this paper, we review the most common Bragg Grating writing geometry and propose an opto-mechanical structure having minimal adjustment and very high mechanical stability.


We introduce a method based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) to simulate molecular spectra under experimental conditions. The spectra of a nitrogen discharge were measured under variable pressure ranging from 0.3 to 2.0 Torr and discharge current varying from 5.0 to 50.0 mA and they have been used as a training set. Our procedure uses a system of two ANNs. The first one extracts the physical characteristics of the training set. The second one uses the information collected from the first to simulate the spectra under conditions that have not been presented in the training sample. The parameters used to assure the quality of the simulated spectra were the temperatures. Our simulated spectra have agreed with those measured experimentally. These results have indicated the robustness of the ANN in simulating molecular spectra. These facts stimulated us to investigate the ability of our system in generating spectra under different conditions of experimental resolution. The results show that our method could be used to improve the accuracy of experimental temperature whenever the experimental spectrum has a poor resolution.


In this study, a model is developed and tested that examines the degree to which Including Logistics in Strategic Management (ILSM) influences the participation of manufacturing managers, investment in technology, the organisation's ability to modify products and services, Customer Satisfaction (CUS) and Firm Performance (PRF). Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) is employed to aid in developing measures that operationalise the constructs and to test relationships among them. The results indicate that a strategic management process that includes logisticians will result in appropriate investment in modern technology and enhance the firm's ability to customise products and services. This translates to a distinctive competitive advantage resulting in improved organisation performance.


In order to generalize Arakelov's arithmetic intersection theory from arithmetic surfaces to higher dimensions, Gillet and Soule introduced an intersection product with supports for any Noetherian separated regular scheme, after tensoring the Chow groups with support by Q. We develope an alternative approach for such an intersection product, which uses Fulton's method of deformation to the normal cone and de Jong's result on alterations.


Summary

Water stress is the main environmental factor limiting cereal yield in Mediterranean environments. For particular regions, such as the Mediterranean basin, the agroecological conditions are expected to get worse. In response to this challenge attempts are being made to improve crop yield through farm- management practices and plant breeding efforts. Here we examine traits that may be used as selection criteria for breeding C3 cereal crops with improved yield and stability in Mediterranean conditions. Emphasis is made on the potential implications of defining proper selection traits and target environments when adopting biotechnology approaches in breeding programmes.


Abstract The aim of this article is to study the fully degenerate Bernoulli polynomials and numbers, which are a degenerate version of Bernoulli polynomials and numbers and arise naturally from the Volkenborn integral of the degenerate exponential functions on Z p {{\mathbb{Z}}}_{p} . We find some explicit expressions for the fully degenerate Bernoulli polynomials and numbers in terms of the degenerate Stirling numbers of the second kind, the degenerate r r -Stirling numbers of the second kind, and the degenerate Stirling polynomials. We also consider the degenerate poly-Bernoulli polynomials and derive explicit representations for them in terms of the same degenerate Stirling numbers and polynomials.


In a group of 25 selected children with asthma associated with repeated, severe respiratory tract infection, a high incidence of IgA deficiency and elevated IgE levels were found. This may be of importance in the evaluation of such patients.


Compatibility of different based superplasticizers with air-entraining admixture has been investigated. Physical and mechanical properties such as flow, setting time and compressive strength of cement mortars incorporating an air-entraining admixture (HS) with naphthalene sulfonate (SPNS) and modified polymer (SPMP) based admixtures have been determined. Also, the effects of their combinations on the freeze-thaw resistance of cement mortars have been determined. All admixtures are used with three different ratios and one of them is for overdosage effect. Results indicate that cement mortars having lowest early strength values are mortars incorporating 1.5% SPMP and 2.0% SPNS by mass of cement. The most effective series for the ultimate highest strength values were series with 0.05 % HS and 0.8 % SPMP. The freeze-thaw resistances of cement mortars were investigated for 50, 100, 150 and 200 freeze-thaw cycles. Indeed, the most effective series for freeze-thaw resistance were series with 0.05 % HS and 0.8 % SPMP.


Idea comes from think tanks. And the policy relevant idea that does not exclusively come from other source but think tanks to play an important role in the policy-making process of a country. From this point of view, the notion of think tank has significantly been the magnetic phenomenon to the policy makers, statesmen, administrators, donor agencies, civil society, and other stakeholders. In this backdrop, the study mainly aims to look into the rise and trend of think tanks in different countries, such as US, China, India and Bangladesh, and identify the potentials of global think tanks to exploit these into the policy-making process of Bangladesh. Based on the secondary data, the study is carried out following the content analysis method to reach the study objective. The study argues that the rise of think tanks worldwide is time-necessitated and their current trend in policy-making process is enormously traced out with their rigorous potentials. Therefore, Bangladesh as a developing country can exploit the potentials of think tanks into its policy-making process as followed by the global think tanks.


The OpenQuake-engine is the open-source software for seismic hazard and risk analysis developed by the Global Earthquake Model (GEM) Foundation. This paper describes some of the recent advancements in the risk component of the OpenQuake-engine. This tool now incorporates a probabilistic damage calculator using seismic hazard derived using the classical CornellMcGuire approach. This calculator is particularly useful in studies where the probability of exceedance or occurrence of different damage states for a single site over a certain time period needs to be estimated. Key metrics such as the annual probability of collapse of structures can be computed using this calculator. Furthermore, this calculator also enables performing comparative assessments of the seismic collapse risk for different structures at different locations in a region. In a demonstrative study, this module is used to perform a probabilistic seismic collapse risk assessment for buildings of different classes located in the city of Oakland, CA. Such studies for appraising the collapse risk are useful for the development of policies for region-wide risk mitigation strategies for existing structures, or to assess the most adequate seismic design for the region of interest. The capabilities of the scenario damage and loss calculators of the OpenQuake-engine are illustrated by simulating a possible repeat of the destructive 1906 M7.9 San Francisco earthquake on the San Andreas fault. The potential structural damage and loss due to this event are estimated using the OpenQuake-engine and the effect of various modelling choices such as the ground motion prediction equation or the site conditions model are studied. The OpenQuake-engine makes it possible to model both the spatial correlation in ground motions and the loss correlation amongst assets of the same class, and also to propagate uncertainties in the hazard and risk models right up to the final loss results. Epistemic uncertainty in the choice of a source model, or the ground motion model for a particular tectonic region type, or in the parameters of the source model are handled within the OpenQuake-engine through the use of logic-trees. The stochastic event-based loss calculator based on the Monte Carlo approach is employed in a set of case studies involving a residential exposure model located in the San Francisco Bay Area, CA. Keywords: Global Earthquake Model; OpenQuake; scenario risk assessment; probabilistic seismic risk assessment; open source software 16th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 16WCEE 2017 Santiago Chile, January 9th to 13th 2017 1. Introduction The OpenQuake-engine is the state-of-the-pratice seismic hazard and risk analysis software developed by the Global Earthquake Model in collaboration with a worldwide community of experts on earthquake engineering and seismology [1, 2]. Development of the software follows the continuous-integration approach and the latest builds are always available at a public web-based repository at the following address: http://github.com/gem/oqengine. Significant updates to the codebase are packaged and released with the corresponding documentation and user manuals on a monthly basis. The latest version of the OpenQuake-engine (v2.0) is optimized for efficient performance on both single machines as well as computing clusters comprising several cores. All core modules and functionality of the hazard and risk calculators undergo regular and rigorous quality assurance testing. Contribution to the source code by users of the OpenQuake-engine is highly encouraged through the use of public issue-tracking, pullrequests, and code-reviews. The risk component of the OpenQuake-engine can compute both scenario-based and probabilistic seismic damage and risk using various approaches. The following types of analysis are currently supported: • Scenario Damage and Loss Assessment, for the calculation of damage distribution statistics, or for the calculation of individual asset and portfolio loss statistics for a portfolio of buildings from a single earthquake rupture scenario taking into account aleatory and epistemic ground-motion variability.
 • Classical Probabilistic Seismic Damage and Loss Analysis, for the calculation of damage state probabilities over a specified time period and probabilistic collapse maps, or for the calculation of loss curves and loss maps, starting from the hazard curves computed following the classical integration procedure [3–5]. A probabilistic retrofit cost-benefit analysis calculator is also included within the risk component of the OpenQuake-engine. • Stochastic Event Based Probabilistic Seismic Risk Analysis, for the calculation of event loss tables starting from stochastic event sets. Other results such as portfolio loss-exceedance curves, probabilistic loss maps, average annual losses, and insured loss statistics can be obtained by post-processing the event loss tables. 2. Inputs for OpenQuake Risk Calculations The OpenQuake-engine risk calculators are neatly integrated with the OpenQuake-engine hazard calculators [6]. Thus, any previously completed hazard calculation can be used as the starting point for a subsequent risk calculation. It is also possible to start risk calculations based on hazard inputs computed using a different software, such as ground motion fields or hazard curves, after importing them into the OpenQuake-engine in the correct format. The following subsections describe the basic inputs required for a OpenQuake-engine risk calculation, including exposure models, fragility models, consequence models, and vulnerability models. 2.1 Exposure model All OpenQuake risk calculations require an exposure model, which defines a set ("portfolio") of assets and their properties. An asset may comprise a single structure or a collection of structures at a particular geographic location that share similar characteristics, allowing them to be grouped together for the purposes of seismic risk analysis. A typical residential exposure model is shown below in Table 1 using data for the San Francisco Bay Area. Mandatory fields for each asset in an exposure model include a unique ID to identify the asset, the coordinates (latitude and longitude), and the building class assigned to the asset. For damage calculations, the number of structural units comprising the asset must also be provided. For loss calculations, the appropriate replacement costs should be provided. The costs can be specified per unit area, per structural unit, or as an aggregated value for each asset. Furthermore, the OpenQuake-engine permits the replacement or disruption costs to be specified for one or more of the following loss categories: structural components, nonstructural components, contents, and


Beech bark disease (BBD) is an insect-fungus complex involving the beech scale insect (Cryptococcus fagisuga Lind.) and one of two canker fungi. Beech scale was introduced to Halifax, Nova Scotia around 1890, presumably with the fungus Neonectria coccinea var. faginata Lohm. The disease has subsequently spread through a large portion of the range of beech. We used historical maps of the extent of the advancing BBD front (defined by presence of scale insects) in North America to estimate its rate of spread as 14.7 + 0.9 kmlyear. This estimate did not account for stochastic "jumps" by the scale insects to several disjunct locations; therefore, this rate is a conservative estimate. Comparison of the year of scale colonization with beech density did not suggest a relationship between the scale spread rate and beech density. Our analyses also indicated that BBD has invaded less than 30% of regions where beech is present, but it has in- vaded most of the regions where beech is a dominant component of stands. Despite regional increases in beech mortality following invasion, considerable amounts of live beech remain in invaded areas. Moreover, the volume of beech has in- creased in most areas, though generally at lower rates than that observed for associated tree species. RCsurnC : La maladie corticale du hCtre est le risultat d'une association entre un insecte et un champignon impliquant la cochenille du hCtre (Cryptococcus fagisuga Lind.) et un ou deux champignons qui causent un chancre. La cochenille du httre a it6 introduite vers 1890 i Halifax, en ~ouvelle-~cosse, vraisemblablement accompagnee du champignon Neonec- tria coccinea var. faginata Lohm. La maladie s'est par la suite ripandue dans une grande partie de l'aire naturelle du h6tre. Nous avons utilisi de vieilles cartes qui retracent l'avance du front de la maladie corticale du hztre (dCterminC par la prisence de la cochenille) en AmCrique du Nord pour estimer son taux de progression B 14,7 + 0,9 kmlan. Cette estima- tion n'a pas tenu compte des > aliatoires de la cochenille vers plusieurs endroits isolis. Par consiquent, il s'agit d'une estimation conservatrice. Une comparaison entre l'annie de la colonisation par la cochenille et la densiti du h6tre n'a pas montri qu'il y avait une relation entre le taux de progression de la cochenille et la densiti du hztre. Nos analyses indiquent Cgalement que la maladie corticale du hetre a envahi moins de 30 % des rigions oii le hetre est prisent mais elle a envahi la plupart des rigions oii le hztre est une composante dominante des peuplements. MalgrC des augmentations rigionales de la mortalit6 du h6tre i la suite d'une invasion, des hCtres vivants sont toujours prisents en grande quantiti dans les zones qui ont it6 envahies. De plus, le volume de hCtre a augment6 dans la plupart des regions quoique ginirale- ment B une taux plus faible que ce qui a CtC observe chez les espkces qui y sont associCes. (Traduit par la Ridaction)


Objective
To evaluate the effect of managed health education on psychological and nutritional status of patients with HBV-related cirrhosis and ascites.

Methods
One hundred and twenty one patents with decompensated HBV-related cirrhosis were enrolled for health education and randomly divided into two groups: 61 patients received managed health education (trial group) and 60 received conventional health education (control group). In control group patients were informed with their condition and diet note by medical orders. In control group the hepatologists evaluated the baseline condition, nutritional status and quality of life, set up personal files of patients and followed up with communication and counselling periodically from June 2010 to August 2012. The psychological conditions were assessed with self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS); nutritional status was assessed with triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) and mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC) and the quality of life was assessed with MOS 36-item shoort from healthy survey (SF-36).

Results
Before health education, there was no statistical difference in the scores of SAS, SDS, TSF, SF-36 and blood Hb, albumin (Alb) levels between two groups. After health education, scores of SAS and SDS were decreased in both groups (P<0.01), however, which in trial group were lower than those in control group (39.9±8.8 vs. 49.0±9.4 and 40.6±8.8 vs. 51.9±10.1 respectively, both P<0.01). The TSF scores and blood Hb and Alb levels in trial group were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). The accumulated scores of 8 dimensions in SF-36 forms in trial group were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.01).

Conclusion
The managed health education model can better release psychological pressures, decrease mental disorders, elevate nutrition status, promote health and improve quality of life than conventional health education for patients with HBV-related cirrhosis and ascites.

Key words:
Liver cirrhosis; Patient care management; Psychotherapy, multiple; Quality of life


With the rapid increase in air transportation occurring in this country, the effects on certain disease processes of reduced barometric pressure take on growing clinical importance. The levels attained in commercial airline transportation today at times are sufficient to allow of a 50 to 100 per cent expansion of air or gas contained in one of the body cavities. It has long been recognized that reduced barometric pressure with its attendant reduction in the partial pressure of inspired oxygen affects unfavorably some pathologic states, particularly cardiac and pulmonary diseases. Especially interesting, however, have been those cases in which the expansion of air or gas at a reduced barometric pressure of itself has led to untoward symptoms. Lovelace and Hinshaw 1 have recently drawn attention to the hazards of air transportation to patients with pneumothorax. They point out that the expansion of the air introduced into the pleural cavity may cause


A general expression for the autocorrelation function of the transmittance of Fresnel holograms made of diffuse objects, recorded on fine grain emulsions, is obtained. The expression is general in the sense that the irradiances of reference and object, the type of the hologram, and the nature of the recording medium's non-linearity are taken to be arbitrary. The effect of the non-linearity is shown to be the generation of higher-order terms for each individual term in the input exposure. This expression predicts distorted multiple images. While the multiplicity of the images is due to the generation higher harmonics, the distortions are partly due to the multiplicity of these harmonics. The first harmonic predicts a distorted version of the usual virtual and real images, their positions and their irradiance distributions.


The quality and user acceptance of personalized services such as personalized information retrieval and navigation or content recommendation depends depends besides the personalization mechanism on the quality, validity and accuracy of the employed user model. In literature a variety of user model construction methods based on tagging activity in social tagging systems (STS) are presented, relying on different user contexts, e.g., the personal or social context. But up to now there is neither a concise overview of existing construction methods available nor a deeper analysis and discussion of the differences between these models. Such an analysis would for example ease evaluation but also enable system designers to choose the most appropriate one. Our work tackles this problem by providing a short overview of state-of-the art user model construction methods which employ social tags. This is followed by a statistical comparison of four different user model construction methods for STS based on tag-frequency. This analysis unveils that depending on the method chosen (based user's personal tagging behavior as well as community-based social strategies), the user model consists of different tags and tag frequency rankings, thus services employing different models will lead to different results.


With it's dedicated marketing strategy the German natural gas industry leads the movement towards natural-gas powered vehicles (NGV). To develop this future market, gas industry, oil companies and automobile industry must enhance their offers to potential customers: a broad variety of NGVs, an increasing number of gas filling stations, an attractive pricing policy and an efficient communication and distribution policy are a must for the success of NGVs.


Firms' inability to commit to future funding choices has profound consequences for capital structure dynamics. With debt in place, shareholders pervasively resist leverage reductions no matter how much such reductions may enhance firm value. Shareholders would instead choose to increase leverage even if the new debt is junior and would reduce firm value. These asymmetric forces in leverage adjustments, which we call the leverage ratchet effect, cause equilibrium leverage outcomes to be history-dependent. If forced to reduce leverage, shareholders are biased toward selling assets relative to potentially more efficient alternatives such as pure recapitalizations. In this paper we show that the inability of firms to commit to future funding choices has profound and previously unexplored consequences for understanding capital structure outcomes and dynamics. Once debt is in place, shareholders will resist any form of leverage reduction no matter how much the leverage reduction may increase total firm value. At the same time, shareholders would generally choose to increase leverage even if any new debt must be junior to existing debt. The resistance to leverage reductions, together with the desire to increase leverage, creates asymmetric forces in leverage adjustments that we call the leverage ratchet effect. We first study shareholders' attitudes toward one-time changes in leverage achieved by buying back or issuing debt of various seniorities. We show that the leverage ratchet effect is *Admati, DeMarzo, and Pfleiderer are from the Graduate School of Business, Stanford University; Hellwig is from the Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn. A previous version of this paper was circulated in March 2012 under the title "Debt Overhang and Capital Regulation." We are grateful to Jonathan Berk, Eli Berkovitch, Bruno Biais, Jules van Binsbergen, Rebel Cole, Doug Diamond, Christoph Engel, Michael Fishman, Francisco Perez Gonzalez, Oliver Hart, Florian Heider, Gérard Hertig, Oliver Himmler, Arthur Korteweg, Peter Koudijs, Alexander Ljungqvist, Alexander Morell, Adriano Rampini, Michael Roberts, Mark Roe, Steve Ross, Klaus Schmidt, David Skeel, Chester Spatt, Ilya Strebulaev, Jeff Zwiebel, several anonymous referees, and seminar participants at the Bank of England, Boston College, Carnegie Mellon University, FDIC, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, Harvard Law, Imperial College, INET 2012 Annual Conference, MIT, NYU, NBER, Princeton University, Oxford University, Stanford University, Tel Aviv University Finance Conference, University of North Carolina, University of Pennsylvania, University of Southern California, University of Utah, Vienna Graduate School of Finance, Washington University, Wharton, and the 2016 WFA annual conference for useful discussions and comments. Anat Admati is a member of the FDIC systemic resolution advisory committee. During the time when this research was done, Martin Hellwig served as Vice Chair of the Advisory Scientific Committee of the European Systemic Risk Board. His research has in part been funded by the 2012 Max Planck Research Award from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research.


The approach of our cry investigations is explained on the background oflong-term analysis in singletons and twins. The focus is set on analyses of the fundamental frequency and its variations in time. Time variations of the fundamental frequency on different time scales are characterised with concern to their importance for the description of developmental stages. Behind a high variability of most cry features a universal program for prespeech development is hypothesised. Introduction For many years paediatricians have been searching for non-invasive tools to measure brain function of infants. Meanwhile there is growing evidence, that signal analysis of cries and non-cry vocalisations might be such a tool in future. The analysis of cries in their ontogenetic development might offer possibilities to assess vocal neuro-muscular maturation or to diagnose brain dysfunction ("cry-diagnosis"). Cry analysis might also provide understanding disturbances in speech acquisition in the light of developmental biology. Within the first months of life anatomical and functional maturation steps are reflected in changing cry features. Crying represents the first stage of speech acquisition [1, 2, 3, 4]. Two aspects of cry research, cry-diagnosis and tracking of prespeech acquisition, are strongly related and both fields require a suitable data base of normative cry data. In spite of intensive cry analysis over the last 30 years such a data base is not yet available. One reason is the lack of standards for cry analysis, generally accepted by the community of cry investigators. In order to obtain reliable and reproducible results an essential precondition is a standardisation of data acquisition (better homogenisation of subjects, choice of highly standardised environments and recording conditions). But the most interfering obstacle for cry-analysis consists in the fact, that infant sounds exhibit a very high intraand interindividual variability in many signal parameters. Even under strongly defined social and physical conditions an infant produces a variety of cry types characterised by a high variability in most acoustical parameters. Cry series of different children, recorded under "natural" conditions in a hospital, show such a high degree of variability that cry-diagnosis is almost impossible. So, a rigorous reduction of variability is essential. Moreover, longitudinal investigations of individual children are necessary to track changes of variability structure as well as variability ranges for selected cry parameters during development. Such investigations require recording intervals, which are frequent enough to detect developmental regression phases [5]. Such phases interfere the monotonous improvement of vocalisation development. The transition between two stages of development is often connected with (so called) regressionphenomena: formerly well-trained elements suddenly (temporarily) disappear. According to our opinion this kind of regression is not a MAVEBA 1999, Firenze, Italy 98 Models and Analysis of Vocal Emissions for Biomedical Applications


We designed and synthesized several nanomaterials 3 of three-layered core-shell (γ-FeOx@AuNP)@[C60(>DPAF-C9)1or2]n nanoparticles (NPs). These NPs having e−-polarizable fullerosome structures located at the outer layer were fabricated from highly magnetic core-shell γ-FeOx@AuNPs. Fullerosomic polarization of 3 was found to be capable of causing a large amplification of material permittivity that is also associated with the photoswitching effect in the frequency range of 0.5‒4.0 GHz. Multilayered synthetic construction allows Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) of photoinduced accumulative surface plasmon resonance (SPR) energy in the gold layer to the partially bilayered C60(>DPAF-C9)1or2-derived fullerosome membrane shell layer in a near-field of direct contact without producing radiation heat, which is commonly associated with SPR.


To investigate the optimum irradiation conditions for the transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMLR), ablation characteristics have been explored in vitro with porcine myocardium tissues. With a nanosecond optical parametric oscillator (OPO), the ablation depth and the thickness of thermally damaged tissue were measured at a constant peak intensity or fluence in the ultraviolet spectral region of 230 - 400 nm. It was found that at a peak intensity of 80 MW/cm2, the ablation depth steeply increased for < 300 nm, while the thickness of thermally damaged tissue decreased with decreasing the wavelength. To understand the wavelength dependence of the ablation characteristics, we measured the optical properties of the tissue. This showed that the total attenuation coefficient largely increased with decreasing the wavelength for < 300 nm. Therefore, it is considered that at the shorter wavelengths the optical energy density deposited in the tissue would be high enough to ablate the whole region of the light-penetrated tissue. However, the wavelength dependence might be changed at some higher intensities or fluences. But our experiment using the 3rd and 4th of a Q- switched Nd:YAG laser, the shorter wavelength (266 nm) still gave the deeper ablation for up to 2 - 5 J/cm2. The influence of photochemical effects on the ablation mechanism is also discussed.


Leap-frog migration, i.e. when a northerly breeding population/species migrates further south compare to southerly breeding population/species, is a common migration pattern in birds. However, it is still unknown which factors facilitate the evolution of such a migration pattern pattern. A textbook example of a species exhibiting leap-frog migration is the Common Ringed Plover Charadrius hiaticula hiaticula. However, it has been debated weather the pattern is as clear as initially described. In this study, I use light level geolocators to evaluate the geographical segregation during winter for two populations of Common Ringed Plover (breeding in northern and southern Sweden, respectively), as well as describe and compare migration strategies and annual time budgets to better understand the evolution of leap-frog migration. Here I present tracks from 4 individuals breeding in Abisko (N Sweden) and 9 breeding in Ottenby (S Sweden). Average wintering positions for birds breeding in Ottenby corresponded to NW Iberian Peninsula, while it was situated in W Mali for the birds breeding in Abisko. Measured in N-S direction, the spatial segregation during winter was thus 2999 km. Autumn migration was commencing on average July 30 and Aug 10, from Ottenby and Abisko, respectively. Only 2 individuals migrating from Ottenby had longer stopovers in Europe, but total duration of migration was on average 7.8 d. This suggests that birds breeding at Ottenby are using an energy minimization strategy because the distance could easily be covered within 2 d. Arrivals at the wintering grounds were on average Aug 7 and Sep 25, and thus birds from Ottenby had prior occupancy at the Iberian sites. Departure from the wintering ground was on average March 2 and May 3, respectively. Birds arrived to their breeding grounds on average March 8 and May 31, respectively. There was no large difference in duration of the stay at the wintering grounds between the two populations. However, there was a twofold difference in time spent at the breeding grounds, where birds breeding in Ottenby spent on average 40% of the total time budget there, whereas the Abisko birds only spent 20% on the breeding grounds. Prior occupancy at wintering sites observed in this study is in agreement with several hypotheses regarding leap-frog migration. One hypotheses regarding dominance by body size can be rejected. However, I cannot based on these data conclude if there is actually competition between birds of the two population at the northerly wintering grounds in Iberia. Early arrival to the breeding grounds for birds breeding in Ottenby, as well as late departure, suggests that the relative importance of the breeding grounds is high in this population. In addition, the large proportion of time spent on the breeding ground in the southern population is in agreement with the time allocation hypothesis. However, neither of the hypotheses can at present be rejected until further data regarding winter survival, reproductive success and cost of migration is available. (Less)


This case follows the financial-statement forecasting decisions of a Deutsche Bank research analyst for the natural and organic retailer Whole Foods Market in May 2014. Students evaluate the associated financial ratios with the forecast to ascertain whether the industry dynamics and company strategy are consistent with the forecast. The case expressly focuses on the asset side of the balance sheet as a preview for other cases using free cash flow forecasting. The forecast exercise exposes students to the mechanics of financial statement modeling and sensitivity analysis. Using a supplementary exhibit, the case can also be used to explore techniques in firm valuation with students debating whether the analyst should recommend a "buy" or a "sell."
Excerpt
UVA-F-1776
Rev. Sept. 24, 2018
Whole Foods Market: The Deutsche Bank Report
The latest numbers coming out of Whole Foods Market, Inc. (Whole Foods), in May 2014 took Deutsche Bank research analyst Karen Short and her team by surprise. On May 6, Whole Foods reported just $ 0.38 per share in its quarterly earnings report, missing Wall Street's consensus of $ 0.41 and cutting earnings guidance for the remainder of the year. The company's share price fell 19% to $ 38.93 the next day as Whole Foods' management acknowledged that it faced an increasingly competitive environment that could compress margins and slow expansion. The only upbeat news was the 20% increase in the company's quarterly dividend, up from $ 0.10 to $ 0.12 per share. Short and her team knew this was not the first time the market believed Whole Foods had gone stale. In 2006, Whole Foods' stock had also declined 20% over fears of slowing growth and increasing competition, but had since bounced back and outperformed both its competition and the broader market (see Exhibit1 for stock price performance). Nevertheless, it was time for Short and her team to discuss how the news altered their outlook for the company in a revised analyst report. The main point of discussion would certainly be whether Whole Foods still had a recipe for success.
. . .


This paper studies the sliced nearby cycle functor and its commutation with duality. Over a Henselian discrete valuation ring, we show that this commutation holds, confirming a prediction of Deligne. As an application we give a new proof of Beilinson's theorem that the vanishing cycle functor commutes with duality up to twist. Over an excellent base scheme, we show that the sliced nearby cycle functor commutes with duality up to modification of the base. We deduce that duality preserves universal local acyclicity over an excellent regular base. We also present Gabber's theorem that local acyclicity implies universal local acyclicity over a Noetherian base.


The share of the population that has symptoms of intolerance or allergic reactions to food is increasing. Having in mind diversity of food ingredients, consumers are increasingly demanding avoidance or clear labelling of these substances, thus a challenge faced by the producers and distributors of food products is great. This paper presents a developed allergen management system in the production and packaging of powdered food products with different allergens contained. The key elements of established system are related to effective planning of production, cleaning of production lines, separation, and proper food product labelling. Verification procedures for implemented allergen management system and possible cross-contamination was performed by ELISA method. The following ELISA methods were carried out: ridascreen 7100, veratox 8410, veratox 8470, respectively gluten, soya, and milk allergens. Established methods for the validation of allergen management system showed that the system is set up effectively. Established verification procedures in the allergen management system confirm that system implementation is performed according to the defined plans and that with the application of other prerequisite programs, this system guarantees that the allergen contamination of food products is reduced to a minimum.


This paper proposes a robust optimization model for probabilistic protection with multiple types of resources to minimize the required backup capacity for each type of resource against multiple random failures of physical machines in a cloud provider. If random failures occur, the required capacities for virtual machines are allocated to the dedicated backup physical machines, which are determined in advance. Probabilistic protection restricts the probability that the workload caused by failures exceeds the backup capacity by a given survivability parameter. We introduce three survivability parameters for central processing unit (CPU), memory, and the entire cloud provider considering both CPU and memory. By using the relationship between the three survivability parameters, the proposed model guarantees probabilistic protection for each resource, CPU and memory, and the entire cloud provider. By adopting the robust optimization technique, we formulate the proposed model as a multi-objective mixed integer linear programming problem. To deal with the multi-objective optimization problem, we apply the lexicographic weighted Tchebycheff method with which a Pareto optimal solution is obtained. Our proposed model reduces the average value between the backup capacity ratios of CPU and memory compared with the conventional model.


Widely differing success rates have been reported with this approach in the treatment of endometrial carcinoma, especially in the metastatic and recurrent stages of the disease. The depot preparation, 17·hydroxyprogesterone caproate, has been used widely. Kelley and Baker (1961) produced six worthwhile remissions in 21 patients with advanced disease; Kistner and Baginsky (1961) eight remissions in 35 patients; and Frick et alii (1963) two remissions in 15 patients. Anderson (1965) treated 20 patients with medroxyprogesterone acetate and achieved prolonged remission in six. Melengestrol acetate, an acetoxyprogesterone derivative with orally active progestational and antiovulatory properties and free from oestrogenlc, androgenic, and anabolic effects, has been used by Liggins (1963, 1964) with remissions in four of seven patients.


Objective
To evaluate the efficacy of electromechanical gait training (EGT) versus treadmill training with partial body weight support (TTPBWS) on lower limb motor performance (MP) and on motor evoked potential (MEP) in patients with chronic stroke.
 Patients and Methods
Fifty patients (age 43-75 years) with hemiparetic stroke (7-72 months' duration) were allocated randomly to two groups. Patients of group I ( n = 25) received EGT and those of group II ( n = 25) received TTPBWS (20 min/day, 6 days/week for 8 weeks). Main outcome measurements: Fugel-Meyer lower extremity (FMLE) MP test and MEP were assessed in all patients before rehabilitation (A-begin), at the end of rehabilitation (A-end), and 3 months later (A-3m). By transcranial magnetic stimulation, MEP threshold, MEP amplitude (MEPamp), and cortical latencies to the rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius (GC) muscles were assessed.
 Results
Better improvement in FMLE was observed in group I compared with group II. In group I, FMLE scores improved significantly at A-3m compared with A-end. A significant reduction in GC cortical latencies and increase in GC MEPamp on the second and third follow-up were observed in group I compared with group II. Although all MEP parameters of the three lower limb muscles tested improved throughout the follow-up periods on intragroup compression, they did not reach statistically significant levels. More patients in group I (unlike group II) with unobtainable MEP at A-begin had obtainable MEP at A-end and A-3m from rectus femoris and GC muscles. The change in MEPamp was the most frequent MEP variable that correlated with the change in FMLE scores (in either group).
 Conclusion
Better improvement in MP was observed following EGT at A-3m. Therefore, one EGT rather than TTPBWS may be recommended to improve lower extremity MP in chronic ambulatory stroke patients.


In recent decades we can see around the business that the things are changing like never before due to technological advancement, change in economy and political influences. It has been also observed in two decades that there is a major shift in consumers taste and preferences. The companies who are continuous monitoring and focusing on these issues are much more successful than the rest. There is a cut throat competition in the market and every company wants to fill the vacuum of the market by providing desired product and services to the consumers. In current market scenario, the studies show that consumers are now health and environment conscious. Perhaps this is the reason, that the concept of green product and green marketing are taking place slowly and steadily in the market. It can be also as an opportunity for those companies, who believe in innovation and redesigning their products and services in ecological manner. It is a perfect time for those entrepreneurs who want to come and be a part of this emerging green market. The purpose of this paper is to aim in general to understand the opportunities for green entrepreneurs in the changing scenario of market shift. The study is based on available literature, various facts and figures, on this issue. It tries to bring a novel study which can be applied in current market scenario. The study is conceptual in nature and validates its findings with the help of a proposed model.


We combined ultra‐high resolution X‐ray crystallography, cryogenic trapping and in‐crystal photoactivation to show that subtle picometer‐scale variations in protein structure have dramatic effects on the function of the bacterial photoreceptor


The construction security electronic commerce information environment,the safeguard transaction process and the transmission information security is affects the electronic commerce development a very important question.This article stresses discussed at present electronic commerce information security primary coverage and the solution.Simultaneously introduced the second generation of computer network,the goal is causes everybody no longer is merely the attention pure technical question,but is various multi-level constructs one kind of brand-new electronic commerce from the social angle the security system.


As an emerging art form, digital media art has a rapid development in recent years. This essay gives a detailed analysis of reverse thinking and its concrete manifestation in digital media art. And also the application of reverse thinking in digital media art are discussed and studied.


We will demonstrate the Beetle-Grow intelligent tutoring system, which combines active experimentation, self-explanation, and formative feedback using natural language interaction. It runs in a standard web browser and has a fresh, engaging design. The underlying back-end system has previously been shown to be highly effective in teaching basic electricity and electronics concepts. Beetle-Grow has been designed to capture student interaction and indicators of learning in a form suitable for data mining, and to support future work on building tools for interactive tutoring that improve after experiencing interaction with students, as human tutors do. We are interested in partnering with teachers and other education researchers to carry out large-scale user trials with Beetle-Grow in the classroom and remotely.


The IGF-1R signalling pathway can positively regulate cell-cycle progression and thus play a critical role in cancer development. Although recent studies provide sufficient evidence supporting the functional importance of IGF-1R in cancer, the prognostic significance of IGF-1R expression levels to colorectal cancer (CRC) remains obscure. Expression of IGF-1R mRNA was examined in paired samples of CRC and adjacent normal mucosa, as well as in CRC patients' venous blood. We also investigated the effect of two monocytes stimulus—C3bgp and LPS on induced mRNA of IGF-1R from normal and colorectal human monocytes. The role of a member of MAPK signal transduction pathways—JNK in IGF-1R expression was assessed. The expression of IGF-1R mRNA was measured by relative RT-PCR. The results demonstrated that expression of IGF-1R mRNA in venous blood from CRC was down-regulated compared to venous blood from healthy donors (1.426 vs. 0.645; p=0.024). Mean IGF-1R mRNA level was found to be approximately 5.8 fold higher in tumour tissue compared to adjacent normal mucosa (p=0.02). Strong IGF-1R mRNA expression was found for early stages of CRC. The results showed that both stimuli used, strongly up-regulated mRNA expression for IGF-1R in CRC monocytes, then in monocytes from healthy donors. The highest level of IGF-1R expression was detected after C3bgp stimulation, regardless of JNK inhibitor presence. The significance for increasing expression of IGF-1R was observed for early CRC when patients were divided according to the tumour stage. We can conclude that downregulation of mRNA expression of IGF-1R in peripheral blood cells and stimulated monocytes from patients with advanced stages of colorectal cancer are a hallmark of tumour progression and can be used as a prognostic factor.


A 63-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with chronic partial intestinal obstruction and at the time of operation was found to have an internal omphalocele. All of the midgut was trapped in the peritoneum; an incidental carcinoid of the duodenum was present. Partial release of the small intestine (performed by peeling off the sac) and gastrojejunostomy cured the patient. In an internal omphalocele, the whole midgut, with its sac (the fusion of the external peritoneum and the body peritoneum), is reduced into the peritoneal cavity. It is thus to be differentiated from paraduodenal hernia, where the contents of the sac include only the prearterial segment of the midgut and where the hernia is retrocolic.


Scientifically constructing the content system of ideological and political education in my country's universities, guiding and helping university students to establish correct outlook on life, world outlook and values, and correcting their ideological and political deviations are the fundamental manifestation of the important political advantages of ideological and political work in my country's universities, and it is also the construction of a harmonious society. Implement the strategy of strengthening talents, highlight social fairness and justice, and reflect the needs of a responsible government. At present, ideological and political education in my country's colleges and universities still has problems such as idealization, insufficient effectiveness, poor pertinence, and unclear content levels. According to the group characteristics of college students in my country in the new century and the actual status of ideological and political education in colleges and universities, the fundamental goal of ideological and political education in colleges and universities is to promote its all-round development, and the realistic goal is to enhance their enthusiasm, initiative and creativity. Work should be political and democratic. The fundamental principles of equality and the combination of virtuality and reality focus on the use of fundamental methods such as theoretical indoctrination, practical exercise, educating through the Internet, and network edification. The content of education focuses on strengthening the education of political, moral, employment, mental health, and creativity.


OH have been considered. The highest level employed in this study is TZP CCSD(T) level of theory. Thepossible four low-lying excited states can result by the excitation of the lone pair electron (n) in oxygen to σ*molecular orbital in C-O or O-H bond. The vertical transition (n → σ*) energy is predicted to be 220.5 kcal/mol (130 nm) at TZ2P CISD level to theory. The bond dissociation energies of CF


This research is conducted under the needs of education to solve ineffectiveness of traditional experiment method which could not provide enough facility in developing student skill of problem solving in science Instruction. This research is aimed to investigate the improvement problem solving skill in 1) domain of problem analysis, 2) domain of problem solving planning, 3) domain of conducting problem solving, and 4) domain of problem solving evaluating as the result of problem based experiment implementation. The method which is used in this research is descriptive quantitative method. Sample of research is gained by using purposive sampling which sample is students in higher achiever class of secondary 2 in one of Cambridge based International School in Bandung. According to research result, it can be concluded that the improvement of students 'skill in problem understanding is categorized as low with n-gain value is 0.1.The improvement of students' skills in problem solving planning domain is classified as medium with n-gain value is 0.6, The improvement of problem solving skill in domain of conducting problem solving is medium with n-gain value is 0.5, and domain of problem solving evaluating improved in high category with value is much as 0.8.

Keyword: Problem based Experiment, Problem Solving Skills, the concept of separation method


Studies on the virus-vector interaction between the grapevine fanleaf virus (GFV) and its nematode vector, Xiphinema index, indicate the virus had no measurable effect on the rate of reproduction of its vector, but significantly influenced survNal of the nematodes.


The parameters of the passive suspension system should be such that they provide an optimized ride comfort and ride stability. As the suspension characteristics such as stiffness and damping coefficient etc., are static, no much improvement was possible. There was a requirement for these characteristics to be varied dynamically to achieve ride quality and ride stability. Hence suspensions with variable stiffness were introduced. This paper reviews technologies involved in passive suspension system having variable stiffness using the patent


While the media is rightly concerned about protecting freedom of expression, this paper argues that this must not be to the exclusion of privacy rights. This paper, presented at the 2010 Conference of the Centre for Media and Communications Law, argues that there are at present significant gaps in privacy laws. People's privacy rights are unprotected in significant areas. The way forward is to ensure that a serious breach of an individual's privacy is protected through a statutory right of action. Technology no longer allows information to be forgotten. It is time that the gaps in the law are filled.


Creating all components from scratch is impractical for the joint synthetic battlespace (JSB) due to the huge scope that JSB needs to cover. Spanning training, acquisition, test and evaluation, and research and development, JSB supports the DoD from the detailed engineering level, entity level, mission level, to the operational and strategic levels, while supporting community users. Thus, the JSB must leverage all existing investments to the fullest extent possible. It is expected that existing simulations cannot cover some of the JSB space even though all the existing components are fully integrated under the JSB infrastructure. The missing pieces will need to be created to achieve the goal and vision of the JSB. The JSB will therefore be a combination of legacy simulations and the newly created JSB components in future. We discuss the JSB component integration framework that facilitates integration of the existing legacy simulation systems as well as one of the new JSB components, the JSB common synthetic environment (JSB CSE). It also presents the on-going high performance computing (HPC) applications of the JSB as its computing infrastructure.


In this work we propose a non-conventional electrospinning setup that can be used to obtain a netlike structure with nanofibers entangled and connected through ramifications/nodes. The nanofibers were obtained using a solution with poly (ethylene oxide), a biodegradable polymer, dissolved in commercial aloe vera juice, aiming at applications in tissue engineering. The structure results with the extremities connected to grounded electrodes (separated by 5 cm) and can be easily removed/transferred. SEM analysis reveals that the nanofibers have a uniform diameter of the order of 180 nm. FTIR results show the interaction of aloe vera with PEO, confirming the presence of aloe vera in the nanofibers.


Proceeding from the library public welfare,the paper analyzes in depth how to take the library own advantage to serve socialistic new countryside construction in the following seven aspects: grasping propaganda correct guidance,carrying forward excellent culture,developing social education,carrying out "all-purpose card",intellectual resource development,information radiation and navigation,pleasure sentiment.


We often mix up two concepts of audit responsibility and account responsibility of registered accountants.To master and distinguish them is not only helpful to affirm the responsibilities and perform judicial justice but also to enhance the responsible sense of registered accountants and the sectors audited, to standardize the audit and accounting action,to improve the reliability of accounting information,and thus to reduce the public's misunderstanding to audit work.On the basis of the definition and content of registered accountants' audit and account responsibilities,the essay gets deep analysis into the difference and relationship of the two,gives reference to responsibilities.


IN A RECENT ISSUE of this Journal, Frank Steindl (1974), drawing on his previous article in the Journal of Political Economy (Steindl, 1971) which contained a reduced form of Carl Christ's "A Simple Macroeconomic Model with a Government Budget Restraint" (Christ, 1968), purported to show that the money multiplier is negative. The purpose of this paper is to show that Steindl's definition of equilibrium might be theoretically as well as empirically uninteresting, both because his model is largely vacuous and because it depends on a reaction between the economy and the government which may make his solution unachievable. Steindl's analysis explicitly specifies two equations from the Christ model. The first is the government budget identity (Steindl, 1974, p. 1143):


The oil industry has conducted extensive research on many different oil recovery methods in its effort to recover more oil from petroleum reservoirs than is economically possible using conventional primary and secondary methods. Although these improved oil recovery methods are frequently referred to as "tertiary oil recovery" processes, this name has gradually been replaced by "enhanced oil recovery" or "EOR, methods since in some applications it is desirable to initiate the process before the reservoir has been depleted by conventional primary or secondary methods. The amount of oil that can be recovered using conventional recovery methods and therefore the amount remaining as a target for EOR techniques varies considerably from reservoir to reservoir. The East Texas Reservoir in the United States is an example of a reservoir in which over 80% of the OOIF' can be recovered using conventional production technology. However, in many other reservoirs, the application of conventional recovery methods alone would frequently leave as much as 40 to 80% of the original-oil-in-place unrecovered at abandonment. It is these latter reservoirs which provide the incentive and challenge for the development of the sometimes simple, sometimes exotic recovery processes referred to above as enhanced oil recovery, or EOR methods.


Gamma irradiation of red capsicums (cv. Five Star) at 75 and 300 Gy had no significant effects on the carotene level of unstored red capsicums or red capsicums stored at 5°C for 3 wk. Gamma irradiation of mangos (cv. Kensington Pride) at 75, 300 and 600 Gy had no significant effects on the carotene content. Altering the conditions of irradiation (lower temperature, nitrogen atmosphere, lower dose rate) resulted in slightly higher carotene levels than those associated with irradiation under normal ambient conditions.


Neurodegenerative diseases (NDD's) such as Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), Leigh's syndrome (LS) and Kearns-Sayres syndrome (KSS) can arise from point mutations (LHON, LS) or deletions (KSS) in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). In sporadically occurring NDD's such as Alzheimer's (sAD) and Parkinson's (sPD), mtDNA abnormalities are suspected. Substantia nigra neurons from sPD brains show highly abundant, variably sized mtDNA deletions that contribute to bioenergetic failure. We have developed a protein-mediated transfection ("ProtoFection") that uses recombinant human mitochondrial transcription factor A (rhTFAM) designed to pass through membranes and target the mitochondrial matrix, either alone or following complex formation with mtDNA. Exposure to rhTFAM -/ intact human mtDNA of LHON or sPD cybrids (based in SH-SY5Y cells), or LS or KSS fibroblasts increased respiration and mitochondrial biogenesis. Normal mice treated with weekly rhTFAM i.v. injections increased abundance of multiple electron transport chain proteins, mitochondrial respiration in brain and skeletal muscle and motor endurance, while showing reduced oxidative stress damage. ProtoFection using rhTFAM increases mitochondrial biogenesis and energetics. While much remains to be elucidated about its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, ProtoFection holds promise as a treatment for NDD's characterized by mitochondrial energy failure.


The regular expression and its construction tactics are introduced,through verifying the legality of the URL address in a string and through the application instance of using regular expression to search and substitute text and code.The application of regular expression in Visual Basic 6.0 is illustrated.


Evapotranspiration(ET)is the major process of Earth's surface water and heat exchange,and has obvious spatial variation.The development and application of remote sensing technology make the regional estimation of ET realistic.This paper reviewed the research progress in the remote sensing regional ET estimation models,including single and two-layer models based on land surface energy balance,with the focus on the algorithm and characteristics of the Atmosphere-Land Exchange Inverse model(ALEXI)developed in recent years.To overcome the limitation of meteorological data,the ALEXI was coupled with Two-Source Energy Balance model(TSEB)and simplified atmospheric boundary layer model,and thereby,improved the estimation accuracy.Substantial studies showed that the ALEXI evaporative stress index(ESI)had strong capacity in regional drought monitoring.In order to give a better operational drought monitoring service,the combination of multi-source remote sensing data fusion technology,land surface data assimilation system,and remote sensing ET estimation models could be an important research field in the future.


A model consisting of a rigid wing with an integral, flexible beam support that was cantilever mounted from the wall in the NASA LaRC 0.3-m transonic cryogenic tunnel was used in a flutter analysis study. The wing had a rectangular planform of aspect ratio 1.5 and a 64A010 airfoil. Various considerations and procedures for conducting flutter tests in a cryogenic wind tunnel were evaluated. Flutter onset conditions were established from extrapolated subcritical response measurements. A flutter boundary was determined at cryogenic temperatures over a Mach number M range from 0.5 to 0.9. Flutter was obtained at two different Reynolds numbers R at M = 0.5 (R = 4.4 and 18.4 x 10 to the 6th power) and at M = 0.8 (R = 5.0 and 10.4 x 10 to the 6th power). Flutter analyses using subsonic lifting surface (kernel function) aerodynamics were made over the range of test conditions. To evaluate the Reynolds number effects at M = 0.5 and 0.8, the experimental results were adjusted using analytical trends to account for differences in the model test temperatures and mass ratios. The adjusted experimental results indicate that increasing Reynolds number from 5.0 to 20.0 x 10 to the 6th power decreased the dynamic pressure by 4.0 to 6.5 percent at M = 0.5 and 0.8.


Chronic ulcerative colitis(UC) repeated attacks,and the condition tangled up is difficult to recover.In accordance with years of clinical observation and summarization,Yan Qing-hai points out'deficiency of spleen-kidney,retention of heat-damp and toxicity'is the basic pathological mechanism,and'tonify kidney-spleen,clean damp-heat'is the therapy principle.He uses ShenlingBaizhu Decotion,Baitouweng Decotion,and Sishen Pill to treat UC,and has observed remarkable clinical curative effect.


Do web-based crowdfunding platforms expand the possibilities for new forms of long-distance and transnational association? This paper explores the relationship between a proliferation of web-based platforms in the last decade with the development of new forms of philanthropic, fraternal and cooperative association. This paper uses the process tracing case study methodology to demonstrate the causal relationships between the emergence of new platforms and the development of new forms of association. Specifically, I examine whether particular rule structures associated with the platform tend to promote a particular associational form. In addition to tracing the development of associations, I attempt to quantify the effect of funding platforms in terms of network scope, revenues generated and substantive outcomes. I argue that these technologies have and will continue to expand the possibilities for substantive forms of mutual aid.


Design details are given for a 205-270 GHz fixed-tuned SIS receiver in which the SIS mixer and HEMT IF amplifier are integrated into a single compact unit. The mixer and IF amplifier are connected with an inductor which provides the reactive part of the optimum input impedance for the HEMT. This simple coupling circuit gives an IF bandwidth of /spl sim/4 GHz. The receiver has a DSB noise temperature in the range 35-80 K over the 205-270 GHz local oscillator band and 0.5-4.5 GHz IF band.


Background
Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne infectious disease endemic in over 100 countries around the world. Among the complications that dengue can cause the Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis is one of great concern for its severity and complex diagnosis.

Case report
Hereby we document a case of this disease expressed on a previously healthy 6-year-old female patient whose dengue infection was so severe that needed intensive care management with vasoactive drugs and diuretics. After a short period of wellness began newly with fever, pancytopenia, hepatitis, and inflammatory response symptoms.

Conclusions
A Dengue associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis syndrome was suspected and treated with intravenous corticosteroids on a 3-day scheme at no signs of malignancy with excellent response. The health care professionals must know about this not novel entity in order to reach an efficient diagnosis and treatment mostly, but not only, those in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the word were dengue virus is endemic.


In general, a healthy placenta appears to protect the fetus in utero from HIV in maternal blood for most of gestation. The integrity of the placental protection against HIV may, though rarely, be breached by infections or drugs (e.g. toxoplasma) which can damage the vasculature and allow mixing of the two circulations", If the fetus is infected with HIV in utero then the virus can be detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in infant white blood cells on the first day of life. The virus is usually not detected that early in those infected during the birth process, but by 4 weeks of age more than 90% are PCRpositive/. In a non-breast-feeding population, modelling backwards from the earliest detection of HIV in the infant's blood in the first days/weeks of life, it has been suggested that the majority of transmissions occur around the time of the delivery (60-70%), with the remainder mostly late in the third trimester3. This means that, for the majority of women with HIV, interventions to reduce the risk of transmission can be focused on the last trimester of pregnancy, giving women and clinicians time to plan ahead. For those who breastfeed, the risk of transmission extends beyond delivery and throughout the breastfeeding period. A meta-analysis is under way to better determine the risk at different periods of breast-feeding, but much evidence points to a cumulative risk with time4,5. Whether the first few weeks of feeding are a time of increased risk or not is difficult to ascertain, as it is not currently possible to distinguish whether detection of HIV in the infant in these early weeks is from breast milk or delivery transmission. The overall risk of transmission of HIV from mother to child is around 15-25% for nonbreast-feeding mothers, and doubles to 25-45% for breast-feeding motherss-",


Theodor John Stewart was born in Cape Town on 16th September 1943. He obtained a bachelor's degree in chemical engineering from the University of Cape Town (UCT) in December 1963. After embarking on a career as chemical engineer in 1964 he continued his tertiary education on a part-time basis, obtaining an honours degree in operations research (OR) from the University of South Africa in May 1972 and a master's degree in OR from the same institution in April 1973 on a dissertation entitled A production scheduling algorithm for the multi-product, multi-facility situation with capacity constraints. In May 1976 he obtained his PhD in mathematical statistics, also from the University of South Africa, on a thesis entitled Bayes optimal experimental design for determination of a response surface maximum.


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