This paper reports on a few repair measures proposed for reinforced and prestressed concrete bridges and undertaken by the first author's design office during the last two years. The bridges in Germany are: (1) Seckenheim-Ilvesheim Neckar Bridge; (2) Kinzig bridge near Gengenbach; (3) Mannheim railway bridge; (4) Oelsnitz bridge; (5) Offenburg bridge; and (6) the Anna-Ebert and Zollbruecher in Magdeburg. The present safety levels, extent of damage, and traffic load capacities of these bridges were examined. (A) For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 850834.


Manuscript recipe books come in all shapes and sizes and run from tens to hundreds of pages. Those from the eighteenth century are not exclusively culinary, also incorporating medical, veterinary and household recipes. Surviving examples are almost all from genteel or elite households, the people who had time and resources to create them, and are preserved in local archives or dedicated collections. This thesis examines the medical recipes in particular and considers their role at a time when alternatives to domestic healthcare were proliferating: increasing numbers of physicians and surgeons, a growth in apothecaries' shops, commercial offerings such as proprietary medicines and a variety of irregular practitioners. Advice and remedies in print were also widely available in books, periodicals and newspapers. This is the largest study of eighteenth-century manuscript medical recipes yet undertaken, encompassing 241 collections and a total of 19,134 recipes. It begins by considering the collections themselves as material objects, rather than merely text, which no other major study in this area has done. The range of recipes and ailments are assessed against prevalent illnesses and causes of death, and variations in recipe types identified regionally and temporally. Detailed case studies of coughs and colds, gout, hydrophobia, diet drinks and Daffy's Elixir illustrate the variety of ingredients and methods, as well as regimens for health and differences by gender and age. Examination of compilers and contributors of recipes demonstrates that both women and men were involved in this practice. Recipe exchange is delineated as a form of social currency requiring trust and reciprocity, and case studies show how knowledge circulated through three forms of network: familial, sociable and 4 political. Finally, a major contribution of this thesis is that it identifies manuscript medical recipe collections as fulfilling four important functions for their compilers: oeconomic, symbolic, personalised and instrumental.


Studies demonstrate that the Chouniukou Formation of the Qilian Mountains represents a lithostratigraphical unit across series, with its lower part belonging to the Middle-Late Visean, middle part to E-zone of the Early Namunan, and upper part to the Middle-Late Namurian. The Mid-Carboniferous b...


Purpose
Open data and data sharing should improve transparency of research. The purpose of this paper is to investigate how different institutional and individual factors affect the data sharing behavior of authors of research articles in sociology and political science.

Design/methodology/approach
Desktop research analyzed attributes of sociology and political science journals (n=262) from their websites. A second data set of articles (n=1,011; published 2012-2014) was derived from ten of the main journals (five from each discipline) and stated data sharing was examined. A survey of the authors used the Theory of Planned Behavior to examine motivations, behavioral control, and perceived norms for sharing data. Statistical tests (Spearman's ρ, χ2) examined correlations and associations.

Findings
Although many journals have a data policy for their authors (78 percent in sociology, 44 percent in political science), only around half of the empirical articles stated that the data were available, and for only 37 percent of the articles could the data be accessed. Journals with higher impact factors, those with a stated data policy, and younger journals were more likely to offer data availability. Of the authors surveyed, 446 responded (44 percent). Statistical analysis indicated that authors' attitudes, reported past behavior, social norms, and perceived behavioral control affected their intentions to share data.

Research limitations/implications
Less than 50 percent of the authors contacted provided responses to the survey. Results indicate that data sharing would improve if journals had explicit data sharing policies but authors also need support from other institutions (their universities, funding councils, and professional associations) to improve data management skills and infrastructures.

Originality/value
This paper builds on previous similar research in sociology and political science and explains some of the barriers to data sharing in social sciences by combining journal policies, published articles, and authors' responses to a survey.


People suffering from epilepsy disorder are very much in need for precautionary measures. The only way to provide precaution to such people is to find some methods which help them to know in advance the occurrence of seizures. Using Electroencephalogram, the authors have worked on developing a forecasting method using simple LSTM with windowing technique. The window length was set to five time steps; step by step the length was increased by 1 time step. The number of correct predictions increased with the window length. When the length reached to 20 time steps, the model gave impressive results in predicting the future EEG value. Past 20 time steps are learnt by the neural network to forecast the future EEG in two stages; in univariate method, only one attribute is used as the basis to predict the future value. In multivariate method, 42 features were used to predict the future EEG. Multivariate is more powerful and provides the prediction which is almost equal to the actual target value. In case of univariate the accuracy achieved was about 70%, whereas in case of multivariate method it was 90%.


We prove an analogue of Alon's spectral gap conjecture for random bipartite, biregular graphs. We use the Ihara–Bass formula to connect the non-backtracking spectrum to that of the adjacency matrix, employing the moment method to show there exists a spectral gap for the non-backtracking matrix. A by-product of our main theorem is that random rectangular zero-one matrices with fixed row and column sums are full rank with high probability. Finally, we illustrate applications to community detection, coding theory, and deterministic matrix completion.


We present results for two ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs), IC 342 X-1 and IC 342 X-2, using two epochs of XMM-Newton and NuSTAR observations separated by ∼7 days. We observe little spectral or flux variability above 1 keV between epochs, with unabsorbed 0.3–30 keV luminosities being erg s−1 for IC 342 X-1 and 7.40 ± 0.20 × 1039 erg s−1 for IC 342 X-2, so that both were observed in a similar, luminous state. Both sources have a high absorbing column in excess of the Galactic value. Neither source has a spectrum consistent with a black hole binary in low/hard state, and both ULXs exhibit strong curvature in their broadband X-ray spectra. This curvature rules out models that invoke a simple reflection-dominated spectrum with a broadened iron line and no cutoff in the illuminating power-law continuum. X-ray spectrum of IC 342 X-1 can be characterized by a soft disk-like blackbody component at low energies and a cool, optically thick Comptonization continuum at high energies, but unique physical interpretation of the spectral components remains challenging. The broadband spectrum of IC 342 X-2 can be fit by either a hot (3.8 keV) accretion disk or a Comptonized continuum with no indication of a seed photon population. Although the seed photon component may be masked by soft excess emission unlikely to be associated with the binary system, combined with the high absorption column, it is more plausible that the broadband X-ray emission arises from a simple thin blackbody disk component. Secure identification of the origin of the spectral components in these sources will likely require broadband spectral variability studies.


Under the development of the new era, people have higher requirements for the demand of living environment and quality of life. In the landscape design of modern residential areas, combined with the actual situation, respect the needs of residents, but also need to follow the principles of ecology, humanity, science and technology, environmental protection and so on for the landscape design of the environment of residential areas. This paper analyzes the people-oriented spirit of the landscape design of urban community and improve the humanized characteristics of urban district landscape design, pay attention to the residential area residents on various physical and psychological needs, to create a better adapt to the modern living conditions, improve the quality of residents' daily life, so as to better promote the development of urban modernization.


In this paper we study the state's role in the modernization and urban transformation in Buenos Aires in the period 1850-1910. This transformation was connected with the economic movements of the second half of the nineteenth century. It was a modernizing movement, a radical alteration of the production-trade system, composition and population distribution and transport system. No "change" only the city of Buenos Aires. Transformed the campaign and its urban centers as the Atlantic orientation of the new state consolidated and eradicated and institutional instability and monetary policy. The "big village" became a big city, not only because the state wanted it that way. This modernization was not an imitation architecture. It was the economic growth in a time of global crisis which led to the break that caused the admiration of the witnesses of the Centennial, and consolidated national unity could be seen realized the dream of the generation of '37: Enabling Europe in South America.


Minimal spanning trees on infinite vertex sets are investigated. A criterion for minimality of a spanning tree having a finite length is obtained, which generalizes the corresponding classical result for finite sets. It is given an analytic description of the set of all infinite metric spaces which a minimal spanning tree exists for. A sufficient condition for a minimal spanning tree existence is obtained in terms of distances achievability between partitions elements of the metric space under consideration. Besides, a concept of locally minimal spanning tree is introduced, several properties of such trees are described, and relations of those trees with (globally) minimal spanning trees are investigated.


In the range of very low specific speed (n s <0.25, non-dimensional), the perfomance of a centrifugal pump is much different from that of a centrifugal pump of normal n s and the efficiency of the pump drops rapidly with the decrease of n s . In order to examine the reason of unstable performance characteristics of the very low n s centrifugal pump, the internal flow of the pump with a semi-open impeller is measured by a PTV(Particle Tracking Velocimetry) system. The purpose of this study is to make clear the internal flow characteristics and to obtain basic knowledge of the pump perfornance. The results show that the leakage flow through tip clearance give a strong effect on the flow pattern of impeller passage. A large vortex in the impeller passage and a strong reverse flow at impeller outlet are formed in the range of small flow rates, and the vortex and the reverse flow together reduce the absolute tengential velocity at the impeller outlet and cause the performance instability.


Abstract We evaluated the effectiveness of different types of spawning substrates in retaining the eggs of rosy red fathead minnow Pimephales promelas, the potential substrate preference of the fish, and the effectiveness of different concentrations of sodium sulfite for detaching eggs from substrates without affecting egg survival. Egg adherence was determined by placing replicate sections of four types of conveyor belt material of varying roughness into a pool stocked with fathead minnow. A screened tray was suspended below each substrate to catch the eggs that did not adhere. Substrate preference was evaluated by following a similar protocol, but only three males were stocked (equal to the number of replicates of each substrate). To test the efficacy of sodium sulfite in removing eggs, substrates with eggs were placed in 0.0, 1.5, and 3.0% solutions and uniformly agitated. The effect of exposure time and egg age was tested by exposing eggs to a 1.5% solution of sodium sulfite for 0 (control), 5, 10, 15...


Commercially available and laboratory-prepared multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are systematically investigated by the use of micro-Raman spectroscopy (MRS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and complementary techniques (scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)) with the aim of establishing a standardised post-growth diagnostic protocol for the assessment of their overall crystalline quality. By studying a set of 'reference' samples, clear correlations are evidenced between the Raman graphitisation indexes (D/G, G′/G and G′/D intensity ratios) commonly adopted to describe the crystalline arrangement of nanotubes, and their reactivity towards oxygen, as measured by the apparent activation energy needed for their oxidation, inferred from the kinetic analysis in quasi-isothermal conditions. The higher the crystalline perfection degree, the higher the energy needed for oxidising them. The efficacy of the found correlations in indirectly assessing the reactivity of nanotubes prepared under different conditions is successfully demonstrated by the use of a second set of samples. The physical meaning and range of validity of the shown correlations are further discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


In a time study at the Petawawa Forest Experiment Station, pruning white spruce to a height of 17 feet took about twice as long as pruning red pine to the same height, owing to differences in the branching habit, length of live crown, and the persistence of the branches of the species. Under present local market conditions, pruning spruce grown in plantations to increase timber quality would be profitable if the operator had access to a market for clear spruce lumber.


Coexisting voiding and bowel dysfunction in children are common in the clinic. The idea that overactive bladder (OAB) and constipation arise from one single pathophysiology has been reinforced in many studies. In Korea, a nationwide multicenter study conducted in 2009 showed that overall prevalence of OAB in children, 5-13 years of age, was 16.59% and this number has increased more recently. The initial step to manage coexisting fecal retention and OAB in children is to characterize their bowel and bladder habits and to treat constipation if present. Although diagnosing constipation in children is difficult, careful history-taking using the Bristol Stool Form Scale, and a scoring system of plain abdominal radiography, can help to estimate fecal retention more easily and promptly. Non-pharmacological approaches to manage functional constipation include in creasing fluids, fiber intake, and physical activity. Several osmotic laxatives are also effective in improving OAB symptoms and fecal retention. Additionally, correction and education in relation to toilet training is the most important measure in treating OAB with fecal retention.


We have made some progress in studies towards formation and measurement of the behavior of asphaltene micelles nano-structures that might be formed to serve as elements of nano-materials and also on synthetic strategies for creating such structures. An investigation of the micellization and coacervation measurements of some well-characterized asphaltene molecules in polar solvents at various concentrations and temperatures are made. The critical micellization concentration (CMC) and the micelle coacervation point (MCP) of nano-structure asphaltene micelles are measured using viscometry. At concentration above the CMC, asphaltene in the solution will self-associate, saturation phase will be formed and then at a higher concentartion asphaltene nano-structure micelles in the solution will coacervate represented by a second sharp point of inflection corresponding to the asphaltene MCP and finally, at a higher concentration the aggregation of asphaltenes coacervates will occur. As a result of these measurements, for the first time it has become possible to produce phase diagrams for the whole range of asphaltene micellization and micelle coacervation.


This document offers an analysis about possibilities to implement a concession system in the recollection and disposal of non-hazardous trash collection service in Ciudad Juarez. The recognition of view points from different actors in the timeframe, applying a survey to home heads and interviews to opinion leaders, as actors key in city´s production, let us to identify a high politized item that keep off efficient and transparent public participation.


Laser radiation has a very high power density so it has been used in accelerating seed germination and mutation breeding, and can be applied in new technical methods to improve the genes of trees and plants. We discuss the mechanism of the biological effects of laser radiation, then review the applications of lasers in accelerating seed germination, mutation breeding and gene engineering of forest trees and horticultural plants.


Ureteral triplication is a rare malformation of the upper urinary tract; it is classified into four types. We report a case of type IV triplication with ureterolithiasis that was managed by ureteroscopic manipulation. A 38-year-old woman presented with left flank pain. Intravenous urography (IVU) showed bilateral complete renal duplication with hydroureteronephrosis in the left lower moiety with two stones. On cystoscopy, there were two orifices on the left trigone with a normal right orifice. Another, flat-shaped orifice was found on the bladder neck. A ureteroscope was introduced into the two left orifices revealing no stones. Retrograde pyelography was performed simultaneously on the two left orifices; both had identical routes to the upper moiety. We inserted a guide-wire into the lower orifice on the left and a ureteroscope into the upper orifice on the left. The wire was seen through the ureteroscope suggesting an inverted Y bifurcation of one ureter from the upper moiety. The ureteroscope in the orifice on the bladder neck revealed the route leading to the right upper moiety. However, the course of the ureter with stones from the left lower moiety was not found. A percutaneous nephrostomy was performed at the left lower moiety and a guide-wire was passed antegradely 3 days postoperatively. On cystoscopy, the wire protruded from the upper orifice on the left. Introducing the ureteroscope along the wire, we found a new orifice upon entering the upper orifice on the left; the terminal portion was dilated in a round shape suggesting a ureterocele. Further advancement revealed two stones that were fragmented by a ballistic lithotripter and removed. The 1 month postoperative IVU showed the disappearance of the hydroureteronephrosis with intact excretory function. Figure 1 shows a schematic drawing of the urinary tract of this patient. Since the first description of ureteral triplication in 1870, about 100 cases have been reported. Smith classified it into four types: type I (35%), three separate ureters from the kidney with three separate draining orifices to the bladder; type II (21%), three ureters arising from the kidney with two of these joining and draining into two orifices; type III (31%), all three ureters joining together before reaching the bladder and draining through a single orifice; and type IV (9%), two ureters arising from the kidney with one becoming an inverse Y bifurcation and draining into three orifices. With ureteral triplication, three ureteral buds likely develop independently from the mesonephric duct, or from early fission of one or more of the ureteral buds to join the metanephros. Most ureteral duplications follow the Weigert-Meyer law. However, as in our case, the type IV triplication did not conform to this law. The differences might be explained by early splitting of a single ureteral bud rather than ureters arising from separate buds. The most frequently encountered anomalies with ureteral triplication are contralateral duplications (37%), renal ectopia (28%) and renal dysplasia (8%). In our case, contralateral duplication with ureteral ectopia, and ipsilateral type IV triplication with ureterocele without renal dysplasia were present.


We present a technique for rendering highly complex 3D scenes in real-time by generating uniformly distributed points on the scene's visible surfaces. The technique is applicable to a wide range of scene types, like scenes directly based on complex and detailed CAD data consisting of billions of polygons (in contrast to scenes handcrafted solely for visualization). This allows to visualize such scenes smoothly even in VR on a HMD with good image quality, while maintaining the necessary frame-rates. In contrast to other point based rendering methods, we place points in an approximated blue noise distribution only on visible surfaces and store them in a highly GPU efficient data structure, allowing to progressively refine the number of rendered points to maximize the image quality for a given target frame rate. Our evaluation shows that scenes consisting of a high amount of polygons can be rendered with interactive frame rates with good visual quality on standard hardware.


The three dimensional (3D) microstructural evolution of A206 (AlCu4.5Mg0.3) and AlCu7 alloys is studied as function of solution treatment (ST) time by synchrotron tomography. 3D microstructural parameters of rigid phases such as volume fraction, interconnectivity (volume of biggest aluminide/total aluminide volume) and contiguity (touching surface) are presented. In situ synchrotron tomography is carried during tensile deformation out to characterize the damage mechanisms and evolution.


The potential advantages of afterloading techniques are widely accepted and have resulted in the extensive use of 192Ir wire and pins for interstitial treatments. Caesium (or radium) needles, however, appear likely to maintain an important role in interstitial treatment techniques and several authors have published descriptions of methods which apply the afterloading principle to needle implants (e.g. Bier et al, 1973; Ellingwood et al, 1976).


This article analyzes Shanghai's suburban development during the first two Five-Year Plans (1953–1962). The development trajectory of Shanghai's inner suburban industrial zones and satellite towns was shaped by Maoist geopolitics, economic realities, the urban–rural nexus, regional spatial strategy, and radical political campaigns. Shanghai's strategy promoted the homogenization of suburban industrial development and employment patterns, and the city's suburban industrial zones and satellite towns were subordinate to the central city. The effective functioning of industrial zones and satellite towns was probably secondary to the political goals behind China's grand development plans and initiatives, which were intended to demonstrate the superiority of socialist industrialization.


Needs and organization bureaucracy markets and association as modes of organization types of team client pathways and team resource management team member's role team leadership decisions and conflict in teams communications and co-service co-ordinating community health and social care.


Abstract This paper reports on multidisciplinary research into the setting up of local development areas in France known as pays. Under the impetus of the 1999 blueprint legislation on territorial development, the pays policy is designed to encourage local economic actors to put together a development project. These structures have two distinctive characteristics in the context of French institutions: they are devised for the micro-regional scale and are to be established on a voluntary basis through the free association of local councils. Pays are more obviously suited to rural areas but they may also bring together urban and periurban councils. This means that those pays that have been formed exhibit a wide variety of sizes and structures. First, a snapshot of this diversity is presented by proposing a typology of all the pays in France. This is then extended to a sociological and economic analysis of the corresponding territories. The sociological analysis focuses on the role of local councillors in constructing pays and on the roles of other categories of actors. The economic analysis raises the issue of just how relevant the areas thus delimited are for local and regional development. The method adopted combines two complementary approaches: the statistical analysis of a national data base and the in-depth analysis of four study areas in Burgundy. The data relate to the delimitation of the pays, the characteristics of the local councillors and the socio-economic characteristics of each council area (size, social make-up, employment, demography, among other characteristics). The field-study areas are representative of the variety of pays in Burgundy and are studied through direct surveys. From the data collected, a map of the pays has been drawn and a typology established. The 291 pays formed as of 1 January 2004 involve more than two-thirds of French local councils and 40 % of the population, with the major cities remaining apart. The typology was constructed by classifying councils as belonging to predominantly rural areas (i.e. towns with 1500--5000 jobs (rural employment centres) and employing more than 60 % of the resident working population) or predominantly urban areas (i.e. towns with more than 5000 jobs (urban employment centres) and council areas where more than 40 % of the working population work in the employment centres), by counting the number of employment centres in each pays; in the urban area category, periurban councils were also distinguished. Cluster analysis identified five types of pays: (i) urban, (ii) peri-urban, and (iii) rural pays, with a subdivision of this latter class into (iiia) sparsely populated areas with one market town at most, (iiib) pays with two or more market towns and (iv) composite pays combining rural and urban areas structured by a medium-sized town or a network of such towns. It is observed that the pays policy covers all categories of territory, that the internal heterogeneity of the pays is a relative matter (4 out of 5 groups are connected with a dominant territorial category) and, lastly, that rural pays are predominant. The role of towns is not negligible since 160 pays (more than half the total) contain at least one urban employment centre with more than 5000 jobs. The sociological analysis revealed that the involvement of local councillors in delimiting the pays can be explained by their role in earlier development actions and their understanding of groupings among councils. In all cases, the opening up of the pays to actors from the business and community spheres has relied on local councillors and on their local support networks and apparatus. Pays are a breeding ground for professional politicians, bringing together traditional and modern political notability based on competence (qualifications, occupations). This professionalization is leading to a standardization of the social profiles of local councillors. The development council is a participative democracy body devised to involve members of local civil society in defining the development plan for the pays, in conjunction with the public body of elected representatives which takes the decisions and ensures the financial and administrative management of the pays. …


This paper deals with a two-step segmentation algorithm for 2-D convex objects. First the objects are approximated by an elliptic shape description, and then the boundary of the object is refined using dynamic programming. The reason for refinement is accurate shape classification.


This two-part paper discusses developments at the beginning of the 21st century, using the comparative world-systems perspective to see disturbing similarities, and important differences, between what happened during the late 19th century and the first half of the 20th century and what seems to be happening in the early 21st. We then use this perspective to consider possible scenarios for the next several decades. In Part One, published in the preceding issue, we considered the major challenges of massive global inequalities, ecological degradation, and a failed system of global governance in the wake of US hegemonic decline. In Part Two that follows, we discuss the major structural alternatives for the trajectory of the world-system during the 21st century, positing three basic scenarios: (1) another round of US economic hegemony based on comparative advantage in new lead industries and another round of US political hegemony—instead of supremacy; (2) collapse: interstate rivalry, deglobalisation, financial and economic collapse, ecological disaster, resource wars, and deadly epidemic diseases; and (3) capable, democratic, multilateral and legitimate global governance strongly supported by progressive transnational social movements and global parties, semiperipheral democratic socialist regimes, and important movements and parties in the core and the periphery.


A multiridge model that is based on the surface roughness measurements of machined electrodes is presented. Containing three independent parameters which specify the essential geometry of a ridged surface, the model can quantitatively predict the effect of surface roughness formed by machining on the discharge of SF/sub 6/ gas by means of the charge simulation method and the streamer breakdown criterion. Two turned electrodes and one electrode with a fine copper wire wound on it to form multiple semicylinder ridges were tested, and the model predictions were calculated. The results indicate that within the engineering pressure range the validity of model predictions is well ensured provided that the streamer criterion is decisively effective in the actual breakdown process.<<ETX>>


Under the premise of contrasting with different methods of image-hiding, we propose a method of new image-hiding, triangular algorithm, which is lower distortion and higher security, by exploring the differences between the blocks of cover-image and secret-image. This algorithm is simple and practicable. It has greatly improved the security of the system, robustness of image-hiding, and verified the advantage of the algorithm.


These two books are welcome contributions to the ongoing assessment of Northrop Frye's impact as a literary and cultural theorist. New Directions from Old, edited by David Rampton, is a collection of essays from a symposium commemorating the passing of fifty years since the publication of Anatomy of Criticism in 1957. A number of the essays in the volume are particularly noteworthy. Sarah Toth's paper on Frye and Buber is a deeply thoughtful unpacking of the dialectic of the Word and Spirit addressed by Frye in chapter 4 of Words with Power; this is one of the more difficult zones of Frye's thought, and Toth does a commendable job of elucidating it. Michael Dolzani's essay, an exploration of Frye's understanding of the role of utopian fiction in the literary and social universe, is another excellent piece, focusing as it does on a genre not usually thought of as central to Frye's criticism. Russell Perkin's essay turns to another aspect of Frye's work not often attended to: his relationship to the Victorians, most particularly Frye's affinity for the critical views of Oscar Wilde, who, like Frye, was a great defender of the romantic tradition in an age largely antithetical to its emphasis on the creative imagination. Robert Denham's essay is a vintage piece from the dean and arch-archivist of Frye studies. There is no one better positioned to pronounce withering judgment on the oft-repeated assertion that 'no one reads Frye anymore.' Whatever the judgment of post-structuralist and cultural studies scholars within many English departments, rumours of Frye's obsolescence have been greatly exaggerated, and Denham provides the evidence. As he points out, '[D]uring the past two decades, about twice as much has been written about Frye than in the previous forty or so years.' Some of the more original treatments in the volume include David Jarraway's engaging application of Frye to the reading of one of Hitchcock's early films and Michael Sinding's essay outlining some of the possible links between cognitive literary studies and Frye's schematic conceptions of the verbal universe. There are also some serious disappointments in the volume. The fact that Garry Sherbert's essay immediately follows Toth's lucid exposition only accentuates the obscurantism of his own take on Frye's exposition of the prophetic and meta-literary registers of language. The method 322 letters in canada 2009


This paper investigates the feedback guaranteed cost control problem for a class of uncertain discrete-time systems with input quantization. The plant with polytope type uncertainties is considered. The input signal will be quantized by a dynamic quantizer before it is transmitted from the controller to the system under digital communication channels. First, a design method of the feedback control for the quantized closed-loop system is given to attain the same guaranteed cost performance as the one without signal quantization. Then, by introducing some useful auxiliary scalars, the dynamic parameter of the quantizer is also designed effectively so that the desired performance level can be achieved. A simulation example is provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed design method.


RICHARDSON, NICHOLAS J. Place, Space, and Residential Burglary: A Multilevel Spatial Analysis and Theoretical Integration. (Under the direction of William R. Smith.) It is accepted as commonplace that crime is not randomly or evenly distributed across spatial locations. A long line of research has investigated the spatial, temporal, and social processes of geographic areas where crime occurs. Ecological theories of crime such as Social Disorganization and Routine Activities have provided unique insights into the causal mechanisms of these processes. Using hierarchal linear models and testing for cross-level interaction effects, the present study investigates how the broader, community-level characteristics (community is defined as a Census block group) moderate the relationship between micro-level processes (micro level is defined as a faceblock) and residential burglary. Findings provide moderate support for an integrated, multi-level ecological theory of crime. Relevant policy implications and directions for future research are discussed. © Copyright 2012 by Nicholas James Richardson All Rights Reserved Place, Space, and Residential Burglary: A Multi-Level Spatial Analysis and Theoretical Integration by Nicholas James Richardson A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of North Carolina State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science


A total of 23 people have now been arrested in connection with incidents of disorder in Chapeltown, Deighton and Sheepridge earlier this week. Over ...


Abstract Hapuku (Polyprion oxygeneios) were tagged in south‐east South Island (SESI), Cook Strait (CS), and Poor Knights Islands (PKI), New Zealand, to determine their movements. 1623 fish were tagged and the overall recapture rate was 16.3%. Some hapuku were recaptured from the tagging sites (SESI 13%, CS 39%, PKI 40%), often after long periods at liberty, whereas others travelled substantial distances. The greatest distance travelled was 1389 km (by two fish) and the maximum period at liberty was 10.2 years. SESI hapuku tended to migrate northwards towards CS. The median distance travelled increased with hapuku length at recapture, suggesting that maturation and spawning stimulate migration. However, some of the smaller, immature hapuku also travelled several hundred kilometres. CS hapuku appeared to travel much shorter distances than SESI hapuku, but this may have been an artifact of the lower hapuku fishing effort outside the CS‐Kaikoura region. PKI hapuku showed very limited movements, and no interac...


This research addresses optimal orbit determination for a cluster of satellites such that the cluster optimally observes and tracks a target in an orbital trajectory segment. We have focussed on synthesizing stationary Keplerian orbits from which the cluster of satellites can optimally observe and track the target, and thus no orbit changes and associated thrust firing solutions are considered. We present a two-step approach to synthesizing the optimal target viewing orbits for a cluster of N satellites. The first step abstracts the cluster into a centroidal Formation Center orbit and solves a nonlinear, nonconvex search problem for this central orbit. The next step "explodes" the formation center to obtain N distinct orbits in some bounded regime about the formation center. This second step is a high-dimensional search (parameterized by number of satellites, N) posed in a linear perturbational form about the formation center. The overall search is rapid and converges within several seconds. We present simulation results from the target estimator, obtained from running the experiment along the orbital trajectories computed by this algorithm on our multi-satellite simulation testbed.


A meander microstrip antenna was designed to operate in the UHF and microwave bands. Laser direct structuring (LDS) and the flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) method were used to fabricate the antenna, and their results were compared. A dual-band low-powerconsumption active radio frequency identification (RFID) tag based on the present antenna was developed and fabricated for an automated subway vehicle maintenance system. The recognition distance of the active tag is more than 20 m at 900 MHz and more than 170 m at 2.4 GHz, while the recognition rate is >95% at 900 MHz and 100% at 2.4 GHz. The 100% recognition rate was obtained when the RFID readers were placed in a line parallel to the subway track. Therefore, we have shown that our active RFID tag can be used in a subway vehicle management system.


This chapter examines oral traditions as they pertain to the origins and historical contexts of Ottoman monuments erected in the Balkans. The author focuses on one specific monument, a sixteenth-century mosque in the Bosnian-Herzegovinian town of Foca, which was destroyed during the war in 1993. He evaluates how the content of an oral tradition recorded in the late nineteenth century, that narrated the foundation of this mosque three centuries earlier, relates to information gathered from textual sources and material evidence. The Mosque of Focan included a detailed oral tradition about the circumstances of its construction. In its design, the monument is a typical example of a medium-sized provincial congregational mosque: it is a near-cube measuring approximately 14 m square, constructed of limestone blocks, surmounted by a hemispherical dome with an internal diameter of approximately 11 m, and it is entered through a three-bay portico with three cupolas. Keywords: Balkans; Bosnian-Herzegovinian town; Foca; sixteenth-century mosque


The development of Boy Scout movement and the place of Boy Scouts in history of Turkish education were analyzed. Firstly, a conceptual analysis was carried out, a general scope was presented and the scouting and its development in the world was studied. The beginning of scouting in Ottoman State and its aims, pioneers and its inheritance to Republican Period were examined. The developmental stages of scouting in Republican Period were determined in the light of the stages of modern scouting of the World


Abstract : In order to embed intelligence into automated systems, we must be able to identify basic principles upon which an intelligent information processing model can be constructed. This means that we must be able to describe the 'process' of intelligence. However, the foundations of intelligence do not exist in a tangible form. As a step towards addressing this unwieldy situation, we discuss various related topics involving several disciplines. These and other important concepts must be considered in concert if intelligence is ever to be automated. Artificial intelligence and neural network technologies hold much promise for the automation of intelligence. These technologies are also relevant to various missions at Rome Laboratory. We discuss how the automation of intelligent information processing impacts the methods of reliability science and electromagnetic technologies.


PURPOSE
To investigate the cross-sectional relationships among multiple quantitative brain magnetic resonance (MR) imaging measurements in patients with relapsing-remitting versus chronic progressive multiple sclerosis (MS).

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Thirty-eight patients with MS (relapsing-remitting, 26, chronic progressive, 12) were examined. Lesion volume on T2-weighted MR images, contrast material-enhancing lesion volume, percentage of brain parenchymal volume (brain volume/[brain volume + cerebrospinal fluid volume), and magnetization transfer ratio histogram peak height for the whole brain were calculated.

RESULTS
Significant negative correlation was noted between volume on T2-weighted images and magnetization transfer ratio histogram peak height for both the relapsing-remitting and chronic progressive groups (P < .001 for both). A positive correlation was demonstrated for lesion volume on T2-weighted images and enhancing lesion volume in the relapsing-remitting group (P < .01) but not in the chronic progressive group. Negative correlations were demonstrated for enhancing lesion volume and magnetization transfer ratio histogram peak height (P = .02), for Expanded Disability Status Scale score and magnetization transfer histogram peak height (P = .02), and for Expanded Disability Status Scale score and percentage of brain parenchymal volume in the relapsing-remitting group (P = .004) but not in the chronic progressive group.

CONCLUSION
The cross-sectional relationships among multiple quantitative brain MR imaging measurements are different between relapsing-remitting and chronic progressive MS.


1 TR4979, an analogue of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) was evaluated on respiratory and non‐respiratory isolated tissues known to contain heterogeneous or homogeneous populations of the two classes of prostanoid (prostaglandins and thromboxanes) receptors. These receptors are classified as 'χ' the contractant/stimulant receptor with 'χ1,2,3' being three subdivisions and 'ψ' the relaxant/inhibitory receptor(s). 2 On a respiratory tissue (cat trachea) containing predominantly 'ψ'‐receptors, TR4979 was 26 times less potent than PGE1 or PGE2. 3 On other respiratory tissues known to contain mixtures of the 'χ1,2.3'‐ and 'ψ'‐receptors (guinea‐pig trachea and lung strip, cat lung strip and human bronchial muscle), TR4979 consistently acted as a potent relaxant whereas PGE2 and to a lesser extent PGE1 had significant contractant activities. 4 Human pregnant uterus, guinea‐pig and rat pseudo‐pregnant uteri, rat colon and fundic strips and chick ileum are known to contain one or more of the three subclasses of the 'χ'‐receptor. TR4979 (10−9 − 10−5 M) was inactive on all these tissues whereas all of the reference prostanoids were contractants of varying potencies. 5 PGE, and histamine‐induced contractions of the guinea‐pig isolated ileum were both noncompetitively antagonized by increasing concentrations of TR4979 suggesting that 'ψ'‐receptors also exist on this tissue. 6 TR4979 is a highly selective agonist of prostanoid 'ψ' (relaxant/inhibitory)‐receptors which at present have been demonstrated to exist mainly in the lung. This prostaglandin analogue is a useful new selective pharmacological tool for revealing as yet unidentified prostanoid 'ψ'‐receptors and actions in a wide range of non‐respiratory tissues/organs such as the guinea‐pig ileum.


| There has been worldwide emergence of a multi-drug resistant S. typhimurium phage type DT104. It is reported to be resistant to five antibiotics viz., ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulphonamide and tetracycline (ACSSuT) and a major health concern for human and animals alike. A study was undertaken to illuminate the MIC levels of five antibiotics among Indian isolates of S. typhimurium. Examination of 100 strains of S. typhimurium revealed that all the strains were sensitive to chloremphenicol and streptomycin and 95% of tested strains were sensitive to ampicilline. However, sulfisoxazole and tetracycline expressed resistance of 93% and 57%, respectively. The MIC values of all the antibiotics determined in this study were much below the break point except for one isolate, which showedMICvalue of >240 μg/ml for sulfisoxazole. The study provides valuable information on the MIC value of S. typhimurium and it appears that this organism circulating in India have not yet acquired resistance against most of these antibiotics. Judicious use of these antibiotics in human and veterinary practice and regular monitoring is required to keep a check on the situation.


Assembly-process charts are generally used in industries to assist assembly operators in carrying out workshop assembly tasks and have an important influence on the final quality of products, therefore, the generation of accurate and detailed assembly-process charts is a key step in assembly process planning. The traditional approaches to generate assembly-process charts are time and energy consuming and can not meet the needs of most industries. PAPPM (Post Assembly Process Planning Manager), a function module developed on the Pro/Engineer platform, generates assembly-process charts partially automatically, according to the design results of CAD and CAAPP (Computer Aided Assembly Process Planning) under the assistance of computer. In this paper, the key skills for automatic generation of assembly-process charts are discussed and the framework of PAPPM is addressed.


Three regions of the world – Western Europe, North America, and Australia – are probably the most popular options when families of emerging countries decide to emigrate in order to better their economic future. As the flow of immigrants establishing themselves in the receiving societies allows for these countries to get culturally richer, it creates, on the other hand, legal tensions as to the extent religious practice is to be accommodated by the governments of secular societies in order to facilitate the insertion of the newcomers into the workplace, social networks, and education system. In order to eliminate or diminish the effect of legal provisions that cause an indirect harm to religious minorities, several countries have taken steps in order to 'reasonably accommodate' them. This paper looks at these efforts made by receiving states, taking into account both the legislative aspect and the interpretation of the statutes and constitutional provisions by national as well as international tribunals; it also gives a critical appreciation of the results that have been obtained in the societies that have implemented those shifts in their legal system.


Recently, various research fields have begun dealing with massive datasets forseveral functions. The main aim of a feature selection (FS) model is to eliminate noise, repetitive, and unnecessary featuresthat reduce the efficiency of classification. In a limited period, traditional FS models cannot manage massive datasets and filterunnecessary features. It has been discovered from the state-ofthe-art literature that metaheuristic algorithms perform better compared to other FS wrapper-based techniques. Common techniques such as the Genetic Algorithm (GA) andParticle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm, however, suffer from slow convergence and local optima problems. Even with new generation algorithms such as Firefly heuristic and Fish Swarm Heuristic, these questions have been shown to overcome. This paper introduces an improved memetic optimization (EMO) algorithm for FS in this perspective by using conditional criteria in large datasets. The proposed EMO algorithm divides the entire dataset into sample blocksandconducts the task of learning in the map steps. The partial result obtained is combined into a final vector of feature weights in the reductionprocess which defines the appropriate collection of characteristics. Finally, the method of grouping based on the support vector machine (SVM) takes place. Within the Spark system, the proposed EMO algorithm is applied and the experimental results claim that it is superior to other approaches. The simulation results show that the maximum AUC values of 0.79 and 0.74 respectively are obtained by the EMO-FS model.


In this paper,combined with GIS and RS,the INFIL3.0 model which is based on the regional water balance to evaluated potential recharge,is used to calculate the temporal and spatial distribution of net infiltration and potential recharge coefficient in the Shijin Irrigation District,and the main factors influencing potential recharge are analyzed.The model is modified to improve its applicability and realibility in irrigation area.The results show that the net infiltration and potential recharge coefficient have obviously space and temperal variability,depending on water balance process of the root zone.The potential recharge mainly occurred in the irrigated area.The potential recharge coefficient is 0.21,0.16 and 0.09 for canal,well and well-canal irrigation area,respectively.The peak of the net infiltration emerged in May and irrigated water are the main sources for groundwater recharge.The spatial and profile analysis of the potential recharge indicates that there is a large water-saving potential in the Shijin Irrigation District.


Ultra-high-count combing wool blended fabric is characterized in that the linear density of the ultra-high-count combing wool blended fabric is equal to or smaller than 8.3*2 Tex, or equal to or higher than 120/2Nm, and wool fiber fineness of the ultra-high-count combing wool blended fabric ranges from 13.5 mu m to 15.0 mu m; and the ultra-high-count combing wool blended fabric consists of superfine wool fiber spun yarn, and the single yarn count of folded yarn count of the superfine wool fiber spun yarn is 175-180Nm, and the folded yarn count is 175-180/3Nm. The ultra-high-count combing wool blended fabric and a weaving method thereof are particularly suitable for high-grade fabric such as a shawl, a scarf, accessories and the like, shell fabric for the fabric has higher requirements, and the shell fabric not only is light, thin and soft, but also has texture, grade, application and values of the high-grade superfine pure wool fiber combing fabric.


The ultrasonic backscatter difference technique analyzes the power difference (in dB) between two gated regions of a backscatter signal and is being used to detect changes in bone caused by osteoporosis. The current study investigates correlations with bone density for these parameters determined from clinical ultrasound data. Ultrasonic backscatter images and signals were acquired from the hip and two vertebral bodies of human subjects using a 2.5 MHz phased-array transducer. Three backscatter parameters- normalized mean, slope, and intercept of the backscatter difference- were determined from the power difference between two gated regions of the signal. All three parameters were analyzed for 25 different gate choices. X-ray bone mineral density data for each subject were acquired for the three anatomical regions. Significant linear correlations (p<0.05) were found for all three ultrasonic parameters for at least one choice of gate parameters. R values ranged from to 0.38 to 0.63. For the first time, bac...


This paper presents the content of an analysis of available relevant accelerometric data, which aimsat identifying a group of nationally determined parameters in the field of seismological activity thatwas used in the preparation phase of the B&H national annex for Eurocode 8. Seismological dataanalysis related to parameters that are in Eurocode 8 open to national choice, refer to the: soilclassification, horizontal elastic response spectrum and reference ground acceleration, respectivelyseismic hazard map.


The development of Both microsatellite and small rocket has constituted a new space industrial form, which is signifi cant to enhance building space systems. In respond to strategic demand and the problems in the development of microsatellite, we put forward some countermeasures which include strengthening civil-military integration, motivating innovation and constructing favorable ecological environment of industrial development.


The principle and present status of Cold Neutron Source(CNS) are introduced. It is also analyzed and compared that what are their typical characteristics of many kinds of the moderators,moderator cells,materials and shapes of cell,cooling methods and so (on.)


Traditional high performance computer (HPC) architectures are facing innovation. The design and running models of application, reconfigurable computing, grid and optical interconnection will affect the future architecture of HPC deeply. In this paper the dynamic self-organized architecture based on grid-components (DSAG) is presented. DSAG is based on the concept of de-clustering, that is to divide the different functional components of a traditional computer apart and reorganize them dynamically. The separated functional components (grid-components) provide service independently via optical interconnection network. Then an HPC system is built with grid-components dynamically according to the requirements of application. DSAG enables very large scale HPC system to be built. Based on DASG a new HPC design model--"architecture on demand" is presented. In this model the architecture is adjusted corresponding to the application characteristics instead of rewriting program to adapt to architecture change. The supporting optic technology and operating system for DSAG are also discussed. Finally other levels system design that may apply the DSAG concept are presented.


Development of the human gut microbiota commences at birth, with bifidobacteria being among the first colonizers of the sterile newborn gastrointestinal tract. To date, the genetic basis of Bifidobacterium colonization and persistence remains poorly understood. Transcriptome analysis of the Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 2.42-Mb genome in a murine colonization model revealed differential expression of a type IVb tight adherence (Tad) pilus-encoding gene cluster designated "tad2003." Mutational analysis demonstrated that the tad2003 gene cluster is essential for efficient in vivo murine gut colonization, and immunogold transmission electron microscopy confirmed the presence of Tad pili at the poles of B. breve UCC2003 cells. Conservation of the Tad pilus-encoding locus among other B. breve strains and among sequenced Bifidobacterium genomes supports the notion of a ubiquitous pili-mediated host colonization and persistence mechanism for bifidobacteria.


One of the most active fields of machine learning research is natural language processing (NLP). Although existing linguistic machine learning models excel numerically on a variety of linguistic comprehension tasks, they frequently lack implicit bias reduction optimization. To ensure that deep learning models can avoid the traps of implicit bias and that robots can make fair judgments, bias in NLP must be addressed adequately. The ramifications of permitting biased models to reach the actual world are serious. Thus must address this issue as quickly as feasible. This paper conducted data validation-bias experiments on several real datasets to verify the presence of gender bias in the pre-trained models, then proposed a word vector balancing algorithm to modify the actual vector representation of words by biasing the models and verifying the effectiveness of the debiasing method through debiasing experiments to mitigate the gender bias of the models while ensuring data accuracy, thereby improving the fairness of the classification results. Furthermore, this paper provides more accurate information for the future development and use of deep learning.


E-commerce must work [1]. After years of private research into XML, we disconfirm the visualization of RAID. here, we introduce a relational tool for enabling write-ahead logging (LINK), which we use to show that redundancy and RPCs are never incompatible.


In this article we will focus on the development of domed structures in the world. Appearing as a variant of the completion of the building of a religious cult, in modern architecture they already cover public buildings. The article shows their improvement and acquisition of new functionalities to outstanding examples of architectural monuments.


We report an inelastic-neutron-scattering experiment on single crystals of the one-dimensional spin-one antiferromagnet Y2BaNiO5. The data show that this compound is a nearly ideal material for studying the Haldane conjecture in the Heisenberg limit. In particular, the Haldane gap at (q) over tilde = pi is almost isotropic, taking on the values of 7.5(1), 8.6(1), and 9.6(1) meV for polarizations parallel to the three principal orthorhombic axes respectively. Interchain coupling along the edges of the orthorhombic unit cell is found to be very weak (J'/J less than or equal to 5 x 10(-4)). Finally, we show that defects in our sample at the 1% level cause visible broadening of the excitation at (q) over tilde = pi.


Argon and xenon ion velocity distribution functions are measured in Ar-He, Ar-Xe, and Xe-He expanding helicon plasmas to determine if ion beam velocity is enhanced by the presence of lighter ions. Contrary to observations in mixed gas sheath experiments, we find that adding a lighter ion does not increase the ion beam speed. The predominant effect is a reduction of ion beam velocity consistent with increased drag arising from increased gas pressure under all conditions: constant total gas pressure, equal plasma densities of different ions, and very different plasma densities of different ions. These results suggest that the physics responsible for the acceleration of multiple ion species in simple sheaths is not responsible for the ion acceleration observed in expanding helicon plasmas.Argon and xenon ion velocity distribution functions are measured in Ar-He, Ar-Xe, and Xe-He expanding helicon plasmas to determine if ion beam velocity is enhanced by the presence of lighter ions. Contrary to observations in mixed gas sheath experiments, we find that adding a lighter ion does not increase the ion beam speed. The predominant effect is a reduction of ion beam velocity consistent with increased drag arising from increased gas pressure under all conditions: constant total gas pressure, equal plasma densities of different ions, and very different plasma densities of different ions. These results suggest that the physics responsible for the acceleration of multiple ion species in simple sheaths is not responsible for the ion acceleration observed in expanding helicon plasmas.


This article will provide a rationale for why high school humanities classes need to discuss the sensitive topics surrounding terrorism and counter-terrorism. It will provide lesson plan ideas on the topics of lone wolf killings, domestic terrorism, the language of terror, related current events and larger social issues, and counter-terrorism. These lessons have the potential to reimagine secondary English and Social Studies classrooms to further focus on human development, relationships, and social justice.


The web-based system Peerwise allows students to submit their own multiple-choice questions (MCQs) about course content, complete with distractors and an explanation of the 'correct' answer. Other students can then attempt their peers' questions and provide feedback on the quality of each question. To date, Peerwise has been used mostly in subjects where typical MCQs have a finite number of correct answers. This paper – a work-in-progress – suggests that Peerwise is potentially useful in units with a more 'discursive' orientation, such as MUS100, offered at Macquarie University, Australia. The system provides a good forum in which students can test each other on both lower-order and higher-order tasks. Future research will explore the efficacy of the tool across multiple iterations of the unit MUS100.


Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally and the increase in cardiovascular mortality and heart failure are common in all age groups. This may be due to accelerated atherosclerosis and compelling epidemiological and clinical data indicate that diabetes mellitus increases the risk of cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. The present study was conceived to explore the cardioprotective activity of cucurbitacin enriched fraction of Momordica dioica Roxb (MDR) fruit (CEFMD) against isoproterenol (ISO) and stress-induced cardiotoxicity on normal rats. CEFMD was prepared and standardized by precipitation test and TLC fingerprint. The fraction was evaluated for in vitro antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities like DPPH and reducing power. The in vivo cardioprotective activity of CEFMD was done at three doses (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) for 15 days and activity was compared with that of carvedilol. The various parameters like non-serum parameters- ECG, heart rate, wet heart weight, serum biomarkers (CKMB, LDH, SGOT), endogenous antioxidant enzymes like SOD, CAT, GSH and MDA were determined in heart tissue homogenate. To support the activity histopathological observations were also done. The results of our study reveal the cardioprotective activity of CEFMD and significant activity was observed at low dose and activity was decreased as the dose increases. The same was observed in all parameters and further research is required to find out the exact reason for it.


Creep sliding mechanism of the reservoir landslide and creepage property of the sliding-zone soil are theoretically studied from the viewpoint of dynamics. The results show that the increase and decrease of the shearing stress ratio for the sliding plane of a reservoir landslide and the viscosity coefficient of the soil in the sliding zone are the essential conditions which can define whether the creep sliding of the landslide will turn to a violent sliding. It has proved that the slide acceleration test by simulating the operational conditions of the reservoir with a representative sliding block under appropriate environmental conditions is a reliable approach to verify the creep sliding mechanism of reservoir landslide and an effective method to treat the landslide and eliminate in advance the danger of landslide surge.


In this issue of Peritoneal Dialysis International, Pozdzik et al. describe a case of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) that occurred post-transplantation and speculate on whether a switch of immunosuppressive therapy from everolimus to tacrolimus had a role in unmasking the condition. An interesting observation, but difficult to substantiate, particularly as the patient had several other risk factors for EPS. Exploring the epidemiology of EPS is fearfully complicated, and, as a result, we are still not in a position to be able to recommend a robust risk-avoidance strategy. In their invited commentary, Nitsch and Davenport discuss some of the problems faced by those attempting to study this challenging condition, including case ascertainment and the identification of populations at risk. They conclude that the best study design required to minimize the risk of bias comprises adequately powered cohort studies that include prospective biomarker measurement. Despite best efforts, it is important to recognize that bias cannot be completely eliminated from epidemiological studies, and although adjustments are commonly made for measured variables, unmeasured influences present a problem. The quotation in the title has been described as "the epidemiologist's motto" (1). We include 3 metabolic studies led by Jie Dong from Peking University. The first is a 6-month randomized, unblinded, controlled trial of keto-acid supplementation in peritoneal dialysis (PD) (Dong, Li, Xu, Ikizler, and Wang) evaluating the impact on an indicator of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Although the primary outcome measure was not met, there were differences in secondary outcome measures—high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) and the leptin/adiponectin ratio—between the groups by the end of the study. The potential effects of vitamin D on the immune system have stimulated considerable interest over the last decade or so, with associative studies linking deficiency to poorer patient outcomes. This provided the rationale for a study (Dong, Pi, et al.) that evaluated the impact of baseline 25 (OH) vitamin D levels on the subsequent development of peritonitis in 326 PD patients, divided according to tertile of vitamin D concentration. After adjustment for confounders including age, gender, dialysis duration, diabetes, albumin, residual renal function, and history of peritonitis, baseline 25 (OH) vitamin D level was an independent predictor for the subsequent occurrence of peritonitis with each increase of 1 nmol in the concentration being associated with a 6% reduction in risk. Our reviewer was keen to explore the question of whether patients with lower vitamin D levels were just sicker, and, to address this, Charlson and Karnofsky indices were included in the statistical model. It is important to note that the mean vitamin D level in this study was low at 16 nmol/L. The use of active vitamin D supplementation was not associated with a lower risk of peritonitis. The third study (Dong, Li, Xu, et al.) compared several different mechanisms to calculate lean body mass (LBM) using a validation cohort to test precision and accuracy. The methods investigated included dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), anthropometry, handgrip strength, and creatinine kinetics. Each of these techniques is subject to a different range of confounders—e.g. methods that rely on anthropometry may overestimate LBM in obese patients or those with fluid retention. The newly developed equations that used anthropometrics and handgrip strength compared well with DEXA—importantly avoiding the requirement to use ionizing radiation. Two papers report initiatives from Australia to tackle peritoneal infection. Readers will be aware that the HONEYPOT study reported in 2014 that daily antibacterial honey as part of exit-site care was not superior for the prevention of overall PD infections to standard exit-site care plus the intranasal application of mupirocin in Staphylococcus aureus carriers (2). Secondary outcome measures reported in this issue of PDI include organism-specific peritonitis rates and infection-related hospitalization—reporting no difference between the groups (Zhang et al.). Mean peritonitis rates were 0.41 episodes per year in both intervention and control groups, which is much lower than that reported at the start of a quality improvement initiative from Western Australia between 2008 and 2013 (Chakera et al.). This involved using a state-wide protocol for the management of PD-related peritonitis based on weight-adjusted doses of vancomycin and gentamicin as first-line therapy. Notably, peritonitis rates were 0.75 per year at the start of that period, falling to 0.41 by the end. Importantly, resistance rates to both antibiotics remained constant during the course of the study. This study provides some evidence that consistent application of evidence-based guidelines has the potential to reduce unwarranted variation, leading to improvements in clinical care. We have updated the instructions for authors for PDI—and I acknowledge support in this from Laura Hope at Multimed, Professor Olivier Devuyst, and Dr. Ags Odudu. To improve the reporting of clinical studies, we have recommended that authors follow the CONSORT (3) and STROBE (4) statements for clinical trials and observational epidemiological studies. To enhance our governance processes, we will be routinely applying plagiarism software to new articles from 2016 onward. Peritoneal Dialysis International is indeed indebted to our dedicated reviewers, who take time from their busy clinical


AbstractPoor mixing in storage tanks can cause stagnant zones that could pose negative public health effects. To eliminate stagnant zones in a cylindrical water storage tank, this study investigate...


In the modern world of information technologies and projects, simulation modeling is experiencing a new birth. Interest in this kind of computer modeling has been revived in connection with the significant technological development of programs, projects and simulation systems, which today are a powerful analytical tool that has absorbed the entire arsenal of the latest information technologies, including advanced graphical shells for the purposes of projects and model design and interpretation of output results modeling, project-oriented programming. Due to their attractiveness and accessibility, these simulation technologies are still being mastered by IT-specialists in business projects. It should be noted that the success of innovative projects depends on a clear definition of goal setting of motivational activities of the project team, providing control functions on the results of the ІТ-project, development of the concept of interaction of stakeholders within the project-oriented knowledge-based organization. The project managers of the enterprise are to make management (capital, human resources, and projects) economically more efficient, which, as a rule, requires the introduction of a number of innovations at the enterprise.


The El Niño phase of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is typically associated with below‐average cool‐season rainfall in southeastern Australia (SEA). However, there is also large case‐to‐case variability on monthly time‐scales. Despite recent progress in understanding the links between remote climate drivers and this variability, the underlying dynamical processes are not fully understood. This reanalysis‐based study aims to advance the dynamical understanding by quantifying the contribution of midlatitude weather systems to monthly precipitation anomalies over SEA during the austral winter–spring season. A k‐means clustering reveals four rainfall anomaly patterns with above‐average rainfall (Cluster 1), below‐average rainfall (Cluster 2), above‐average rainfall along the East Coast (Cluster 3) and along the South Coast (Cluster 4). Cluster 2 occurs most frequently during El Niño, which highlights the general suppression of SEA rainfall during these events. However, the remaining three clusters with local above‐average rainfall are found in ∼52% of all El Niño months. Changes of weather system frequency determine the respective rainfall anomaly pattern. Results indicate significantly more cut‐off lows and warm conveyor belts (WCBs) over SEA in El Niño Cluster 1 and significantly fewer in El Niño Cluster 2. In El Niño Cluster 3, enhanced blocking south of Australia favours cut‐off lows leading to increased rainfall along the East Coast. Positive rainfall anomalies along the South Coast in El Niño Cluster 4 are associated with frontal rainfall due to an equatorward shift of the midlatitude storm track. Most of the rainfall is produced by WCBs and cut‐off lows but the contributions strongly vary between the clusters. In all clusters, rainfall anomalies result from changes in rainfall frequency more than in rainfall intensity. Backward trajectories of WCB and cut‐off low rainfall highlight the importance of moist air masses from the Coral Sea and the northwest coast of Australia during wet months.


This study focused on the status quo, differences, and relationships among self-concepts, teaching beliefs, attribution of success and failure in teaching, and teaching self-efficacy of physical education teachers at junior high schools, and verifies the fit of their linear structural model. To serve the abovementioned purposes, this study compiled and produced the Questionnaire of the Relationships among Self-Concepts, Teaching Beliefs, Attributions of Success and Failure in Teaching, and Teaching Self-Efficacy of Physical Education Teachers at Junior High Schools by first conducting literature research and establishing a theoretic ground. The questionnaire survey was implemented with stratified random sampling among all junior high schools nationwide. 650 physical education teachers in active service were drawn and 592 questionnaire forms were retrieved at a response rate of 91.01%. A total of 571 questionnaire forms were valid, accounting for a valid response rate of 96.45%. The data extracted from the questionnaire were processed and analyzed with frequency distribution, mean calculation, standard deviation, ANOVA, MANOVA, product- moment correlation, canonical correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, and structural equation modeling analysis. The important conclusions derived included: (1)The self-concepts and teaching beliefs of physical education teachers at junior high schools were prone to progress orientation; the majority believed that the commitment to teaching was the key element to the success of teaching and that luck was the least important factor. In addition, most of the physical education teachers at junior high schools were highly aware of teaching self-efficacy. (2)The self-concepts, teaching beliefs, and teaching self-efficacy of physical education teachers at junior high schools slightly varied with teacher characteristics and teaching environment, while the attributions of success and failure in teaching showed no influence from teacher characteristics and teaching environment. (3)The self-concepts, teaching beliefs, and teaching self-efficacy of physical education teachers at junior high schools exhibited a high correlation, while a minimal correlation was observed between the self-concepts and attributions of success and failure in teaching. (4)The teaching beliefs and teaching self-efficacy of physical education teachers at junior high schools were closely related, but teaching beliefs and attributions of success and failure in teaching were related at an insignificant level. (5)The internal factors of attributions of success and failure in teaching of physical education teachers at junior high schools were comparatively more related to teaching self-efficacy; (6)The self-concepts, teaching beliefs, and attributions of success and failure in teaching of physical education teachers at junior high schools had predictability on overall teaching self-efficacy, individual teaching efficacy, and general teaching efficacy. (7)The linear structural relation model for self-concepts, teaching beliefs, attributions of success and failure in teaching, and teaching self-efficacy of physical education teachers at junior high schools created by this study has a good fit; the variables showed a linear structural relationship. Based on the above conclusions, this study provides the following practical suggestions for physical education teachers at junior high schools, education administration agencies, and schools authorities: (1)Teachers should constantly self-review and self-correct their concepts and teaching beliefs in order to enhance their teaching self-efficacy; (2)It would be better for young and novice teachers to ask for advice from older and senior teachers; (3)Sponsor all counts of on-the-job training and workshops and provide a professional support system for physical education teachers; (4)Establish an inter-school collaboration mechanism for remote and small schools to balance the urban-rural difference; and (5)Pay attention to the method used to determine the attributions of the teachers' success or failure and provide proper consultation.


Intrusion detection is a surveillance problem of sensible import that is nicely suited to wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we study the latency and power conscious reliable intrusion detection system, secondary cluster head section, modified genetic algorithm, dynamic key generation, secured statistics encryption the use of AES. AES Advanced Encryption Standard contains three block ciphers: AES-128, AES-192 and AES-256. Each cipher encrypts and decrypts data in blocks of 128 bits using cryptographic keys of 128-, 192and 256-bits, respectively. As the use of pc gadget and network increases, securing information is one of the important in order to obtain tightly closed information transmission barring hacking so two Intrusion detection is the one of the foremost problem in community security. Various numbers of techniques and intrusion detection structures have been proposed to observe intruder and anomaly detection, but most of the strategies and system tries to notice the fees of the attackers and wonderful costs in one of a kind kinds of attacks. Digital security in many organizations is no longer properly implemented. Even if high-standard security measures—effective community hygiene; up-to-date, timely patched software; ample software security; employees nicely educated in safe computing practices—were rigorously deployed, networks would nonetheless be attacked for the easy motive that all networks related to the internet are attacked. Something more than safety is needed to shield any network; networks want measures that create and promote resilience. The word "resilience" is no longer commonly used in civilian organizations' networks, but frequently used when discussing military networks. An IDS is also referred to as a second line of defence, which is used for intrusion detection only; that is, IDS can detect attacks but cannot stop or respond. Once the assault is detected, the IDSs elevate an alarm to inform the controller to take action. The fundamental features of IDS are to reveal users' things to do and community behaviour at one of a kind layers. Thus the great practice to tightly closed wi-fi networks is to implement multi lines of security mechanisms; that is why IDS is extra imperative in wi-fi networks. The paper concludes by means of presenting some recent research results to evaluate the overall performance of Latency and Power conscious Reliable Intrusion Detection System(LP-RIDS) in order to make certain community security in navy applications.


An explicit classification of the simply connected homogeneous spaces G/L of a compact Lie group G, admitting a G-invariant CR structure of codimension one and Levi non degenerate, is given. For each such a homogeneous space, all admissible G-invariant CR structures are listed and classified up to CR equivalences. It is also proved that if a compact homogeneous CR manifold G/L is not the covering space of a G-orbit in TSn, THPn or TOP 2, then there exists a holomorphic fibration π : G/L→ G/K, where G/K is a flag manifold endowed with an invariant complex structure and the typical fiber K/L is S1 or it is equivalent to (the universal covering of) a K-orbit in TS2 or in TS2n−1 with 2 ≤ n ≤ 7.


In 1890 H. Carvalho published an oral tradition which told how Kinguri, a son of the Lunda chief Yala Mwaka, quarrelled with his sister Lueji and with her husband Kibinda Ilunga, a Luba who had taken over the government of the Lunda chiefdom. Kinguri migrated to Angola where he offered his services to a governor who was called Manuel. This governor used the immigrants as auxiliary troops to fight the Ngola. After the war he allowed Kinguri to settle near Ambaka. A few years later Kinguri emigrated and went to found the state of the Imbangala, better known as the kingdom of Kasanje, between the Lui and the Cuango.


Spin cast and Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of atactic PMMA (poly(methyl methacrylate)) were studied at 25 "C by FTIR ATR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, attenuated total reflection) spectroscopy before and after annealing at 140 "C and after contact with water vapor or liquid. The dichroic ratios of the carbonyl groups revealed that the average molecular orientations of the films remained unchanged upon annealing and also upon exposure to water. However, annealing helped avoiding cracks which appeared in the nonannealed film after contacting liquid water. The absorbances of individual water bands (of the non-hydrogen-bonded monomers, hydrogen-bonded dimers, larger clusters, and associated chains of water) were determined by detailed spectral analysis and compared with a one-dimensional Fickian model. The absorbance data for the annealed spin cast film of thickness of 5.4 pm showed poor fit to the one-dimensional Fickian diffusion model, but the apparent diffusion coefficient, DBpp, ranged from 5 x to 4 x lo-" cm2/s. The process of film hydration was found to precede the transfer of bulklike water. For the annealed LB and spin cast films of thickness of 0.1 pm, Dapp ranged between and cm2/s. It was estimated from ATR carbonyl band intensities that the thin films were about 44% more dense than the thick film, indicating that they had a tighter structure with fewer structural defects or voids. Having more hydrophobic and less rough surface, the LB film showed a longer initial delay in liquid water transport than the spin cast film of the same thickness.


Aim: To study the efficacy and safety of deep sclerectomy (DS) augmented with intraoperative low dose mitomycin C (MMC) in a west African population. Methods: Prospective,randomised,controlled trial. Trial participants were Nigerian patients with medically uncontrolled primary open angle glaucoma undergoing primary surgery at Maja Hospital,Lagos,Nigeria. 39 eyes of 39 patients undergoing DS were randomised into receiving intraoperative MMC 0.25 mg/ml for 2 minutes at the end of procedure (DS-MMC) and a control group (DSnoMMC). Results: There were 21 patients in the DS-noMMC and 18 in the DS-AAMC group with no difference in the preoperative characteristics of the groups. Mean follow up was 16.4 (SD 11.3) months. The probability of maintaining an intraocular pressure less than 18 mm Hg with or without additional medications (95% confidence intervals) at 1 year was 70% (47-92% ,95% ) and 79% (57-100% ),and at 18 months was 35% (8-62% ) and 38% (7-69% ) for the DS-noMMC and DS-MMC groups,respectively,with no difference in success rates (p = 0.6). An IOP of less than 18 mm Hg without additional medication was maintained in 65% (41-89% ) and 73% (49-96% ) at 1 year and 24% (8-48% ) and 13% (13-46% ) at 18 months for the DS-noMMC and DS-MMC groups,respectively (p = 0.5). There were no serious complications related to the procedure. Conclusions: The success rates of DS in black west African glaucoma patients,as performed in this study,were low. The study did not achieve sufficient power to detect whether low dose intraoperative MMCapplication can increase success rates of DS.


Welding thermal cycles with heat inputs ranging from 25 to 75 kJ/cm were performed on a Gleeble 3500. The impact energy improved significantly (from 10 to 112 J), whereas the simulated coarse-grain heat-affected zone (CGHAZ) microstructure changed from lath bainite ferrite (LBF) and granular bainite ferrite (GBF) + martensite/austenite (M/A) to acicular ferrite (AF) + polygonal ferrite (PF) + M/A as the heat input increased. Simultaneously, the mean coarse precipitate sizes and the degree of V(C,N) enrichment on the precipitate surface increased, which provided favorable conditions for intragranular ferrite nucleation. The Ar3 of CGHAZ increased from 593 °C to 793 °C with increasing heat inputs; the longer high-temperature residence time inhibited the bainite transformation and promoted the ferrite transformation. As a result, acicular ferrite increased and bainite decreased in the CGHAZ. The CGHAZ microstructure was refined for the acicular ferrite segmentation of the prior austenite, and the microstructure mean equivalent diameter (MED) in the CGHAZ decreased from 7.6 µm to 4.2 µm; the densities of grain boundaries higher than 15° increased from 20.3% to 45.5% and significantly increased the impact toughness. The correlation of heat input, microstructure, and impact toughness was investigated in detail. These results may provide new ideas for the development of high welding heat input multiphase steels.


The study aimed to determine whether pig responses to heat stress (HS) were directly due to heat exposure (regardless of feeding level and pattern) or were indirectly due to the reduction of feed intake, and to determine if increasing feeding frequency (splitting heat increments) can improve pig response to HS. A total of 48 pigs (66.1 ± 1.7 kg) were allocated to 4 groups in 3 replicates. After 7 d in thermoneutral conditions (TN; 22°C; P1), pigs were placed in either TN or HS (32°C) conditions for 20 d (P2). The diet was provided either ad libitum (AL; 2 distributions/d) or pair-fed (PF8; 8 distributions/d) using HS-AL pigs as the reference group. Thus, the 4 experimental groups were TN-AL, HS-AL, TN-PF8, and HS-PF8. Daily ration of PF8 pigs was distributed at every 90-min intervals from 09h00 to 19h30. Data was analyzed using the PROC MIXED procedure with replicate (n=3), experimental group (n=4), and their interactions as fixed effects and the REPEATED statement was used to for repeated measures data. Pigs had similar ADFI during P1 (P>0.05). In P2, HS-AL and PF8 pigs had lower ADFI (-19%), ADG (-25%), and final BW (-6.1 kg) than TN-AL pigs (P<0.01). TN-AL pigs had thicker backfat than TN-PF8 pigs (P<0.05) while the HS pigs had intermediate results. HS pigs had higher perirenal fat percentage based on the contrast analysis between PF8 pigs (P<0.05). Thermoregulatory responses of pigs increased with HS exposure but did not differ between HS nor between TN groups (P>0.05). For TN pigs, variation in muscle temperature (Tmuscle) depended on feeding and physical activity while for HS pig, Tmuscle gradually increased throughout the day. The Tmuscle of PF8 pigs increased with each additional meal but plateaued earlier for HS-PF8 than TN-PF8 pigs; increase in Tmuscle per meal were also lower in HS-PF8 than TN-PF8 (P<0.05). Exposure to HS decreased plasma T3 and T4 (P<0.05), and increased plasma creatinine (P<0.05). Between the PF8 groups, HS pigs also had a transient increase in plasma insulin on d 8 (P<0.05). The effect of HS on feed intake decreased growth rate of pigs but there are heat-induced effects such as altered physiological responses which might explain direct HS effects seen in other literature especially in terms of increased adiposity. The increased feed provision frequency in the present study did not improve HS response of pigs.


The utility model discloses a biogas experiment device with the function of pressure automatic control. The device comprises a fermentation device, an insulation increase device and an exhausting and metering device which is automatically controlled by pressure. The fermentation device comprises a tank body and an exhaust valve, the exhaust valve is arranged on the top of the tank body. The exhausting and metering device which is automatically controlled by the pressure comprises a biogas pressure gauge, an exhaust pipe, an explosion-proof electromagnetic valve and a flow meter, the exhaust pipe is connected with the exhaust valve, the biogas pressure gauge, the explosion-proof electromagnetic valve and the flow meter are sequentially connected in series on the exhaust pipe. A pressure adjusting device which is used to adjust the starting pressure of the explosion-proof electromagnetic valve is also connected on the explosion-proof electromagnetic valve. When the biogas pressure of the device reaches a certain value, the device can meter and exhaust automatically, the accuracy of metering is increased, and the time of test personnel is saved, moreover, the safety of a laboratory is also ensured.


The photoreactivity of cyclic vinyl azides 1 (3-azido-2-methyl-cyclopentene-1-one) and 2 (3-azido-2-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one), which have five- and six-memebered rings, respectively, was characterized at cryogenic temperature with EPR, IR and UV spectroscopy. EPR spectroscopy revealed that irradiating (λ > 250 nm) vinyl azides 1 and 2 in mTHF at 10 K resulted in the corresponding triplet vinylnitrenes 31N ( D/hc = 0.611 cm-1, E/hc = 0.011 cm-1) and 32N ( D/hc = 0.607, E/hc = 0.006 cm-1), which are thermally stable at cryogenic temperature. Irradiation of vinyl azides 1 (310 nm LED at 12 K) and 2 (xenon arc lamp through a 310-350 nm filter at 8 K) in argon matrices showed that in competition with intersystem crossing to form vinylnitrenes 31N and 32N, vinyl azide 1 formed a small amount of ketenimine 3, whereas vinyl azide 2 formed significant amount of azirine 7 and ketenimine 6. Thus, vinyl azide 1 undergoes intersystem crossing more efficiently than vinyl azide 2. Similarly, vinylnitrene 31N is more photoreactive than vinylnitrene 32N. Quantum chemical calculations were used to support the mechanism for forming vinylnitrenes 31N and 32N and their reactivity.


In January 1995, the Recommended Childhood Immunization Schedule, developed by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAF'P), was published. This unified schedule represented the first such schedule developed through a collaborative process among the recommending groups, the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry, and the Food and Drug Administration. This process is intended


Foreword- P. Hall The Problem of Policy Change Competing Elites, Legitimate Authority, Structured Ideas Interests in Question Elite Actors and Policy Innovation Responding to External Shocks Pre-emptive adaptation Accounting for Change: The Role of Programmatic Elites


We carried out a quantitative study of 50 placentas micro tall (Juliaca, Peru 3,840 m) and 50 placentas from Lima, 150 m (Maternity hospital).


Since the introduction of dynamical simulated annealing (DSA) by Car and Parrinello in 1985, there has been growing interest in the use of nonlinear optimization to perform electronic structure calculations. We review here the complementary method of steepest descents (SD), a first-order treatment designed for local optimization. Modifications are discussed to adapt SD to a supercell treatment of metallic systems using a plane wave basis. An application to the Zintl phase compound NaTl is presented. The application of separable nonlocal pseudopotentials to improve this momentum space formalism is discussed. 18 refs., 1 fig.


Abstract Like individuals, communities maintain records of their self-definition, creativity, constructions of the past and the future, and experiences of suffering – either in texts or in memories. However, there are domains that the textual cannot enter. These domains remain mnemonic or memory-driven and cover some of our intimate relationships, private hatreds, traumatic or life-altering experiences, dreams and encounters with the sacred. These memories constitute a secret self in all cultures, but some cultures are entirely mnemonic. They usually occupy no space in our knowledge systems and in our visions of the future and survive as inaudible stories of human potentialities and creativity, suffering, exploitation and violence. Following Freud's idea of dream work, one can call the vicissitudes of collective memory, its "distortions," condensations and "secondary elaborations," memory work. The memory of the world has been diminished by the dismissive attitude towards the memory banks of the silenced and the marginalized, which survive outside the known world of knowledge or in its interstices. These dismissed memories wait for appropriate moments to return as a form of resistance, to outmanoeuvre the certitudes of policy elites, official histories and familiar canons of scholarship.


Today, computers commonly have graphics hardware with a processing power far exceeding that of the main processors in the same machines. Modern graphics hardware consists of highly data-parallel processors, which are user programmable. However, software development utilizing these processors directly is reserved for platforms that require a fair bit of intimate knowledge about the underlying hardware architecture. The need for specialized development platforms that expose the underlying parallelism to developers, elevates the learning threshold for newcomers, which obstructs the general adaption of gpu support. However, there are many frameworks that build upon, and elevate the abstraction level of, these specialized development platforms. These frameworks strive to provide programming interfaces less dependent on graphics architecture knowledge, and better resembling how you would program traditional software. They all come with their own quirks, and many of the abstractions they provide come with a considerable computational overhead. This thesis aims to catalog relevant kinds of high-level gpgpu frameworks, and to evaluate their abstractions, and the overhead these abstraction impose on their applications. The experiments are based on real-world sar processing problems that physicists at the university are exploring the possibility of accelerating on gpus, and the experiments compare frameworks against each other and against a baseline low-level cuda implementation. The results show that the overhead most frameworks impose are moderate for data-intensive problems, considerable for compute-intensive problems, and typically higher for high-level interpreted language bindings than for native frameworks. Libraries with thoroughly tested general-purpose gpu functionality (e.g. ArrayFire) help in the development process, but must work on moderately sized data structures to amortize their overhead sufficiently. gpu code generators (e.g. VexCL) also have great potential, but their abstractions tend to add complexity to the code, which make them better suited for advanced gpu programmers, than regular developers.


In this work, we describe the simplifications to the Extremely Correlated Fermi Liquid Theory (ECFL) \cite{ECFL, Monster} which occur in the limit of infinite spatial dimensions. In particular, we show that the single-particle electron Green's function G(k) can be written in terms of two momentum-independent self-energies. Moreover, we elucidate the nature of the ECFL \lambda expansion in the limit of infinite dimensions and carry out this expansion explicitly to O(\lambda^2). Additionally, we demonstrate the vanishing of vertex corrections to the optical conductivity in general and to each order in \lambda in the limit of infinite dimensions. We generalize the ECFL formalism to the infinite-U Anderson impurity model (AIM) , and demonstrate a Dynamical Mean-Field Theory (DMFT) like mapping between the ECFL objects of the infinite-dimensional t-J model and the infinite-U AIM, and show that this mapping holds to each order in \lambda. We compute the spectral function for the AIM to O (\lambda^2) and make comparisons with results obtained through Numerical Renormalization Group (NRG) computations. Finally, we develop a novel formalism for the high-temperature expansion of dynamical correlation functions in the infinite-U Hubbard model which is more efficient than any used previously and gives results for an arbitrary number of spin species. We use it to calculate the single-particle Green's function G(k) to fourth order in (\beta t) for m spin-species on a d-dimensional hypercube.


A novel micro-hotplate was designed for gas sensor. It took metal platinum as the electrode material,SiO2 as the thermal and electricity insulation layer. The temperature distributions were analyzed for different thickness of SiO2 and Si,by using finite element analysis tool,and the measuring electrode structure was optimized. When the thickness of front SiO2,Si and rear SiO2 are 50 μm,150 μm,100 μm respectively,and the measuring electrode is without interdigitated structure,the micro-hotplate can obtain the highest temperature and the best temperature distribution. The new micro-hotplate structure is beneficial to the improvement of the whole sensor performance.


Orthetrum taeniolatum, collected from the Patnitop area of Jammu and Kashmir, has been cytogenetically studied. The species possesses diploid chromosome number 2n=21m with X0 type sex determining mechanism. During the course of meiosis, two autosomal bivalents are distinctly large as compared to the remaining autosomal bivalents. The X chromosome also shows the phenomenon of precocious segregation. The reduction in chromosome number from the type number (2n=25m) is due to the fusion of two autosomal pairs, which is very common in case of holokinetic chromosomes. This type of karyomorphological variations in the species has been observed for the first time.


Summary form only given. The authors propose a network that uses the simplest learning rules but exhibits a high storage capacity. This increase in storage capacity is achieved by introducing error correction on the output of traditional low-capacity networks. Experimental error-corrected recall indicated that the error-correcting network had the ability to recall very nearly all of the available information produced by a simple Hopfield-type network long after the Hopfield-type network had failed to recall any association by itself.<<ETX>>


A fillet from a blue rockfish (Sebastes mystinus) had large, dark solid nodules simular to those occasionally reported from other specimens of Sebastes spp. by local anglers. These nodules contained an acid-fast bacterium similar to Mycobacterium sp. The nodules decrease the food value of the fish and may indicate a potential human health hazard.