ABSTRACTDiffraction imaging aims to emphasize small subsurface objects, such as faults, fracture swarms, and channels. Similar to classical reflection imaging, velocity analysis is crucially important for accurate diffraction imaging. Path-summation migration provides an imaging method that produces an image of the subsurface without picking a velocity model. Previous methods of path-summation imaging involve a discrete summation of the images corresponding to all possible migration velocity distributions within a predefined integration range and thus involve a significant computational cost. We have developed a direct analytical formula for path-summation imaging based on the continuous integration of the images along the velocity dimension, which reduces the cost to that of only two fast Fourier transforms. The analytic approach also enabled automatic migration velocity extraction from diffractions using a double path-summation migration framework. Synthetic and field data examples confirm the efficienc...


This paper advances the training object geared to the need of market, based on researching the development on real estate in our country. Then discsses the building cutriculum on real estate.


Some pulmonate gastropods undergo aestivation for a long period. A hermaphrodite pulmonate gastropod, Achatina fulica, was selected for the study of some of the lipid components in active state and during aestivation of the snail. Thin layer chromatography and gas liquid chromatography were employed in the present study. Total lipid, phospholipid, cholesterol and triacylglycerol and the fatty acids of total lipid were studied in the digestive gland, ovotestis, mantle and foot of act ive and 7, 15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 days aestivated male and female A. fulica. The size of the albumen gland was the criteria of the identification of the sex and was confirmed through the present study. Percent lipid components in all the four organs exhibit clear male/female biasness. The digestive gland is the major lipid storage site over the other three organs and also plays important role in transportation of lipid to other organs during aestivation and maintains higher fatty acid percent than other organs. The other organs (albumen gland, mantle and foot) studied in this snail maintain a more or less steady lipid pool during aestivation. The fatty acid data also clearly indicate male/female dimorphism, and also emphasizes monoene to polyene conversion in this hermaphrodite gastropod.


We present results of the reconstruction of a saccharose-based activated carbon (CS1000a) using hybrid reverse Monte Carlo (HRMC) simulation, recently proposed by Opletal et al. [1]. Interaction between carbon atoms in the simulation is modeled by an environment dependent interaction potential (EDIP) [2,3]. The reconstructed structure shows predominance of sp2 over sp3 bonding, while a significant proportion of sp hybrid bonding is also observed. We also calculated a ring distribution and geometrical pore size distribution of the model developed. The latter is compared with that obtained from argon adsorption at 87 K using our recently proposed characterization procedure [4], the finite wall thickness (FWT) model. Further, we determine self-diffusivities of argon and nitrogen in the constructed carbon as functions of loading. It is found that while there is a maximum in the diffusivity with respect to loading, as previously observed by Pikunic et al. [5], diffusivities in the present work are 10 times larger than those obtained in the prior work, consistent with the larger pore size as well as higher porosity of the activated saccharose carbon studied here.


In this work, we examined the genotoxic effect of the antibiotic preparation ipronidazol (Gastrogal 10). An experiment was performed in vitro on human peripheral blood lymphocytes using the chromosome aberration and sister chromatid exchange tests. Clastogenic effects of ipronidazol were examined at three experimental concentrations (25 (g/ml, 50 (g/ml i 100 (g/ml) in eight experimental cycles. The results demonstrate that Gastrogal 10 has the ability to change the human lymphocyte kariotype, i.e. it induces numerical aberrations (aneuploidies and polyploidies), as well as chromosome gaps and breaks. Moreover, Gastrogal 10 induces a significant increase of sister chromatid exchange in human lymphocytes. The obtained results demonstrate that the examined preparation exhibits a certain genotoxic potential.


A source of information on early psychological laboratory apparatus. Schulze illustrated his account of the methods and data of experimental psychology with 314 figures, the majority of which depict apparatus as it was employed in early psychological experimentation.


In order to identify genes responsible for starch granule initiation during early development of wheat caryopsis, nine winter wheat breeding lines were studied. Two breeding lines, which are the most diverse in A-type granule size (26.85 µm versus 23.65 µm) were chosen for further differential gene expression analysis in developing caryopses at 10 and 15 days post-anthesis (DPA). cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism (cDNA-AFLP) analysis resulted in 384 transcript-derived fragments, out of which 18 were identified as being differentially expressed. Six differentially expressed genes, together with the six well-known starch biosynthesis genes, were chosen for semi-quantitative gene expression analysis in developing wheat caryopses at 10 and 15 DPA. This study provides genomic information on 18 genes differentially expressed at early stages of wheat caryopses development and reports on the identification of genes putatively involved in the production of large A-type granules. These genes are targets for further validation on their role in starch granule synthesis control and provide the basis for the development of DNA marker tools in winter wheat breeding for enhanced starch quality.


Considering Internet data stream dynamically in large volumes,this paper proposes a traffic classification method using data stream mining techniques,named Concept-adapting Very Fast Decision Tree(CVFDT).CVFDT is capable of processing dynamic datasets,coping with concept drift and updating the model catering to incoming data.The approach and naive Bayes method on network traffic data stream sets are tested, which has 12 significant attributes.Experimental result shows that the approach gets high performance on classification accuracy and spatial stability compared with naive Bayes method.


Guido Calabresi's book, THE COSTS OF ACCIDENTS, gives two contrasting examples which together prove that efficient decisions about car safety devices must be guided by individual costs. Part I of this essay reviews Calabresi's demonstration that, if charged accurate insurance costs, Taney would invest in improved brakes and Marshall would not. To show why this demonstration fails to inform debates over safety-device mandates, Part II builds a model composed of high-annual-miles Taney cars and low-annual-miles Marshall cars, which traditional insurance would not differentiate. But pooling cars driven different annual miles overwhelms safety-device savings from reduced risk per mile. Although Calabresi uncritically identifies insurance as a cost of car owning, the model shows why decisions instead must be guided by two interdependent variables that together would make insurance an operating cost. One is the continuous odometer-mile exposure unit variable for measuring individually how much each car is operated. The other is the cents-per-mile risk rate variable for measuring by category how cars are operated, e.g., driver-age and safety-device categories. To explain why insurers shun cents-per-odometer-mile prices, Part III reviews marketing decisions to disregard categories that would raise premiums for some high-annual-miles cars. The essential first step toward redeeming Calabresi's free-market approach to automobile accidents is to acknowledge that insurance charged as a cost of car owning produces nothing but wrong incentives for optimizing the costs of accidents.


We propose a root-N-consistent estimator for binary response panel data where the individual specific effect may be correlated with the regressors. The estimator is asymptotically normal with a simple variance matrix.


In the delivery of distance education programs to remote rural students the role of the home supervisor is absolutely critical. This paper examines how the central role of the home supervisor was changed through the introduction of an innovative educational delivery system. The existing delivery system using weekly School of the Air radio contact was replaced with an interactive satellite delivery system that provided support for the students on a daily basis. The results from this innovation clearly suggested that the home supervisor's role evolved in both expected and unexpected ways.


Abstract This article discusses the challenges faced by most families in Botswana and the familial and social nets these families rely on to overcome the challenges. Both primary and secondary data were used to gather information. In-depth interviews were conducted with represenatives of various tribes to get their perspective on the topic. HIV/AIDS was found to be at the centre of all social, economic, moral, spiritual, and emotional interaction among family members. Its impact is challenging traditional thinking about family structures and family life and necessitating their redefinition.


Several workers have attempted karyotypic analysis of ferns and con- cluded that the high chromosome numbers that characterize extant fern genera reflect high polyploidy. An examination of fern karyotypic data suggests that ob- served differences in total length and arm length ratio between chromosomes and chromosome groups are subject to many errors. The possibility of such errors sug- gests that karyotypic analysis in ferns is a dubious practice. We have applied graphic and statistical methods of analysis to karyological data previously published by Ta- tuno and others and conclude that unreasonable inferences have been made from the karyotypic data. These data are consistent with an hypothesis that fern evolution at the generic level occurred from ancestors that had essentially the same high chromosome numbers observed in living ferns. In a series of papers dealing with karyotypic analyses of ferns and fern allies, Tatuno (1963), Tatuno and Yoshida (1966, 1967), Tatuno and


Objective To introduce a
new method to build up double blood supply system in second toe to thumb transfer.
MethodsZAfter the second toe with its vascular pedicle was harvested and positioned to the
hand, the radial artery was cut in the snuff box area. The toe was then revascularized by
anastomosing the dorsalis pedis artery to the proximal end of the radial artery, and suturing the
lateral branch of the first common plantar digital artery to the distal end of the radial artery. The
procedure was performed in 11 patients clinically. Results Intraoperatively,restoration of the
blood supply of the hand via the deep palmar arch was promptly observed when the two cut
ends of the radial artery were anastomosed to the vessels of the toe. There was no
postoperative circulation crisis. All the reconstructed thumbs survived. Conclusions This
method of revascularization in toe to thumb transfer was not only a simple and effective
method to achieve double blood supply system for the transplant, but it also had the advantage
of not influencing the blood supply of the hand.


We present a novel waveguide electroabsorption modulator (EAM), integrated into the collector region of a heterostructure bipolar transistor (HBT). The novel device shows an optical modulation contrast of 7.5 dB and a 3 dB cut-off frequency of 7 GHz.


Objective To study the immune change of mouse cervical cancer cell U14 in vivo after transfected with B 7 1 gene (the costimulator for T lymphocyte activation).Methods (1)B 7 1 gene was transfected into U14 cell through LNSmB 7(group A) or pCEPmB 7(group B)with untransfected U14 as control group C.The postivie B 7 1 rate was determined by flow cytometry.(2)Group A,B or C U14 cells respectively were inoculated subcutaneously into mice, and the tumor size and pathological change were recorded four weeks later.(3)After immunizing mice twice with group A,B or C U14 cells respectively,the spleen cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTL)from immunized mice were tested for their cytotoxicity.Results The positive B 7 1 rates, the tumor mean diameters.The lymphocyte infiltration surround tumor,and the cytotoxicity of CTL in group A and B all showed a significant statistical difference with that in group C. Conclusions The U14 transfected with B 7 1 gene showed in vivo a weakened tumorigenecity and a stronger immunogenecity.$$$$


The electronic structures of ZrS with the NaCl‐type and the WC‐type lattice structures were calculated by the LAPW method. The results are interpreted in terms of chemical bonding effects in the two forms of ZrS. The results of the calculations are compared with photoelectron spectroscopic and low‐temperature heat capacity results. The agreement between the experimental and theoretical results is noted and the discrepancies are commented upon.


Referring to the experience of the earlier army logistics service reform,guided by the aim to satisfy the army logistics reform's general requirements,three viewpoints about the reform of army medical service safeguard pattern were proposed: First,strengthen high-end medical service and basic unit medical service in the meanwhile reduce the investment in intermediate section;Second,cut unnecessary staff but reserve the existent human affairs organizational structure;Third,solve the problem by invisible hand.In summary,the expectation is to satisfy the army and populace's request in wartime and peacetime.


Nowadays, one groundbreaking speech--TED is gaining great popularity, the foresight of which ranks the highest almostamong all domestic speeches. Speakers use languages to express thoughts, attitudes and to influence other people's attitudes or be-haviors, which is very corresponding to Halliday's theory of interpersonal meaning. In order to better appreciate the linguistic art ofTED public speeches, this paper makes a tentative analysis into twenty popular TED speeches from systemic functional grammar ofmood, modality and personal pronoun systems.


Summary form only given. Acceleration of particles driven by the interaction of a relativistic laser intensity, having femtosecond duration, with an under-dense plasma can produce plasma wave, in the form of bubble, delivering several hundred gigavolts per meter accelerating electric fields [1] and deliver high quality femtosecond-scale electron beams with relatively narrow energy spread [2] and low emittance [3]. We will discuss how the energy spread for such relatively small electron bunch is affected by beam loading in the bubble regime. Electrons that are accelerated in the wakefield also oscillate transversely and emit very bright x-rays and gamma-rays due to a harmonically resonant betatron oscillation [4]. This synchrotron-like radiation occurs in a "wiggler" formed by the electrostatic forces of the plasma wave. These results will have a strong impact on emerging applications such as short-pulse and short-wavelength radiation sources.


Multiple sclerosis (MS), as a progressive and degenerative illness, has an impact on different aspects of individual lives and may lead to difficulties, concerns, and worries in patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate concerns, worries and problems in patients with MS. We used a descriptive phenomenological qualitative approach. Participants were volunteers purposively selected based on their availability. We carried out deep interviews with 15 MS patients and analyzed the detailed information obtained from these interviews by using Colaizzi's method. We extracted six essential themes and thirty-four sub-themes associated with MS from the content of the interviews. The main themes were labelled "Confronting existential concerns," "Crisis of facing up with the illness," "Suffering from the illness," "Relationship," "Confrontation with spirituality and religion," "Searching for tranquility." Results of the present study also reiterated the following: Patients with MS seem to lose meaning of life and this together with problems in dealing with existential concerns, may lead to the "disintegration of self," hence resulting in considerable psychological disturbance and distress. It is concluded that the illness evokes psychological injury such as existential anxiety, relationship disturbance and hopelessness, and these psychological injuries can lead to relapsing of MS.


Developed through the rational exercise of thought, intellectual virtue was considered by Aristotle essential to the cultivation of excellence. When university teachers are exemplary, they instruct students on any number of levels. The exemplary teacher, for example, can awaken students to mystery through his or her teaching. What may seem paradoxical is that wisdom, an intellectual virtue, is built upon some acknowledgment of mystery. The best teaching in the arts and sciences will help students recognize that paradox. University educators must not only be scholars in their respective disciplines but also exemplars of intellectual virtue.


The primary aim was to assess metabolic flexibility as it relates to habitual diet, as well as in response to a high fat meal challenge (HFMC).


A MEMS mirror is provided to increase light efficiency of a driving mirror and reduce damping by solving a problem of resistance between a mirror and air in high frequency operation. A support frame(103) is supported by two torsion bars penetrating a silicon substrate up and down. A cantilever beam(101) has sharp both wings which is narrow compared to the width and is connected to two torsion bars symmetrically. A coil wire is placed at the backside of the cantilever beam pass a current.


We obtain an analytical expression for position-dependent diffusion coefficient which adequately describes wave transport through 1D random medium in localized regime.


Inversion therapy has attracted the attention for its application, in combination to rehabilitation therapy, to the treatment of back pain. Several tilt tables have been designed and commercialized for this scope, either motorized or gravitational. In this paper we present the mechatronic design and prototype of a novel tilt seat to be used for inversion therapy. The proposed device shows substantial improvements with respect conventional available tilt tables. It is actuated and controlled and is capable to perform static and intermittent inversion for any inclination defined by the end-user. The seat unit can be rocket forwardly and backwardly with full rotation of 360 degrees. Furthermore, the upright and inverted configurations are much more comfortable than those obtained with conventional tilt tables. In this paper a control scheme and numerical and experimental tests of the system are also shown.


The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) family and the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) play an important role in cancer. This intricate and complex signaling pathway provides many opportunities for therapeutic intervention, and several novel therapeutics aimed at the IGF-1R, particularly monoclonal antibodies and small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors, are under clinical investigation. This article provides a patent overview of the IGF signaling pathway and its complexity, addresses the justification for the use of IGF-1R-targeted therapy, and reviews the results of in vivo and in vitro novel therapeutics. Over the past year, the completion of several phase I, II, and III trials have provided interesting new information about the clinical activity of these novel compounds, particularly CP-751,871, IMC-A12, R1507, AMG-479, AVE-1642, MK-0646, XL-228, OSI-906, and BMS-754807. We review the important preliminary results from clinical trials with these compounds and conclude with a discussion about future therapeutic efforts.


Owing to their functions in the prevention of chronic diseases and the use of preservatives in food and cosmetics, antioxidant agents have gained much interest in recent years. Vtg and its related Pv also bear antioxidant anti-ROS activities. These proteins, being components of our food source, are therefore natural antioxidants. They can be an important antioxidant with potential for food and cosmetics preservation as well as for the stabilisation of chronic disease states. Vitellogenin (Vtg), the main precursor protein of egg yolk, is historically thought to provide protein- and lipid-rich nutrients to grow. However, Vtg 's roles extend beyond nutritional functions, as well as its related yolk proteins lipovitellin (Lv) and phosvitin (Pv). Accumulating evidence has shown that Vtg, Lv, and Pv engage with multifaceted roles in host innate immune response. They all can serve as multivalent receptors for pattern recognition capable of recognising invading microbes. Even Vtg and Pv can serve as immune Protection with multifaceted capabilities. They all can serve as multivalent receptors for pattern recognition capable of recognising invading microbes. Also, Vtg and Pv can serve as immune effectors which can destroy bacteria and viruses. In addition, Vtg and Lv as opsonins are shown to possess phagocytosis-promoting activity. Besides these immune-relevant functions, Vtg and Pv have antioxidant activity which can protect the host against oxidant stress. These non-nutritional functions clearly expand our understanding of the molecules' physiological roles, thus providing a solid foundation for the future application of the molecules in human health.


The taxonomy of the South-east Asian catfish genus Acrochordonichthys (Akysidae) is revised. The shapes of the snout, humeral process and adipose fins are diagnostic species characters. Only four out of 11 species and one sub-species described prior to this study are considered valid, namely A. rugosus (Blecker, 1847), A. ischnosoma Bleeker, 1858, A. chamaeleon (Vaillant, 1902), and A. pachyderma Vaillant. 1902. An additional five new species (A. guttatus, A. septentrionalis, A. mahakamensis, A. strigosus and A. falcifer) are described.


A method for the determination of rare earth elements(REE) in various samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) was established with microwave digesting and high pressure ashing to digest the tea and soil sample respectively.The detection limits of analytical elements are in range of 0.04~0.07 ng·g-1.The relative standard deviation(n=6)was among 1.78%~5.84%,and the relative error between measured value and certified value was less than 10%.The experimental result indicated that the distribution of REE in different regions presented obvious characteristics of zone,and the distinction in concentration was closely related to the environmental factors,such as soil and water.


A CMOS CDR and 1:16 DEMUX fabricated in a low-cost 90 nm bulk CMOS process operates at 40-44 Gb/s and dissipates 910 mW. A quarter-rate hybrid phase-tracking/3times blind-oversampling architecture is used to improve jitter tolerance, reduce the need for high-power CML circuits, and enable frequency acquisition without a reference clock. Input data are sampled using a 24-phase distributed VCO, and a digital CDR recovers 16 bits and a 2.5 GHz clock from 48 demultiplexed samples spanning 16 UI. Conformance to the ITU-T G.8251 jitter tolerance mask (BER <10-12 with a 231-1 PRBS source) is demonstrated using both an on-chip and an external BERT.


THIS paper on non-union of fractures deals with two classes of cases typical of the end-results of bone injuries which have resisted treatment to bring about union :- Cases in


Thermal radiation is transferred by electromagnetic waves or photons. Thermal radiation is a very complex phenomenon and although the governing equations are known but they are difficult to solve. The analysis of radiative heat transfer in presence of participating medium is very difficult because radiative intensity as function of position, direction, wavelength, temperature and time. In some cases, these dependencies are not straightforward.The transient term of the radiative transfer equation (RTE) can be neglected i.e. steady-state RTE assumption does not lead to significant errors, since the temporal variations of the observables are in the range of 10-9 to 10-15. The problem has been solved using the FLUENT software to analyze the radiative heat transfer problems, based on finite volume method (FVM). The available computational fluid dynamics software package FLUENT is applied to various test problems using DISCRETE ORDINATE MODEL (DOM MODEL) and the results obtained have been compared with other published results. The test problems include Isothermal Absorbing-Emitting medium in square enclosure, purely scattering medium in square and rectangular enclosure, three-dimensional heat generation in cuboid enclosure, collimated incidence in square enclosure, non-isothermal gray participating medium between two parallel surfaces and also anisotropically scattering gray planar medium in square enclosure. The medium is homogeneous and diffuse gray surface is used.The user defined function (UDF) has been written in C programming language for temperature profile, linear anisotropic phase function and Rayleigh phase function. The effect of absorption coefficient, scattering coefficient, scattering albedo, emissivity, anisotropic factor, grid size, angular discretization and angle of incidence on heat flux and temperature in the medium has been studied. The effect of Rayleigh phase function on heat flux has also studied.


Modern morals are characterized by the loss of moral bottom line,which causes the inefficiency of morals in ruling human being′s behavior and leads to the moral crisis in modern society.To solve puzzles and relieve crises in morality,modern ethics need to find moral bottom line with an emphasis on morals of the whole society.As the basic level of social morals,moral bottom line consists of bottom lines of moral psychology and specifications.


To observe the effect of Combined TCM and WM on refractory fever after kidney transplantation.Methods:Forty-nine cases of refractory fever after kidney transplantation were selected and divided randomly into 2 groups:the treatment group (26 cases) were treated with modified Qinwen Baidu Decoction(清瘟败毒饮,QBD) and WM,the control group were only treated with WM.Result:In the treatment group,23 cases were cured,2 cases were improved,1 cases died and the total effective rate was 96.15%(95%CI=80.4%~99.9%).In the control group,12 cases were cured,3 cases were improved,8 cases died and the total effective rate was 65.22%(95%CI=42.7%~83.6%).The difference of two groups was significant (u=2.327 1,P=0.020 0). Conclusion:The effect of modifid QBD combined with WM was better than WM routine therapy.OR=0.08(95%CI=0.01~0.66),NNT=3(95%CI=1.9~10.9).


Abstract In most contexts, personal names function as identifiers and as a locus for identity. Therefore, names can be used to trace patterns of kinship, ancestry, and belonging. The social power of naming, however, and its capacity to shape the life course of the person named, becomes most evident when it has the opposite intent: to sever connections and injure. Naming in slave society was primarily practical, an essential first step in commodifying human beings so they could be removed from their roots and social networks, bought, sold, mortgaged, and adjudicated. Such practices have long been integral to processes of colonization and enslavement. This paper discusses the implications of naming practices in the context of slavery, focusing on the names given to enslaved Africans and their descendants through baptism in the Lutheran and Moravian churches in the Danish West Indies. Drawing on historiographical accounts and a detailed analysis of plantation and parish records from the island of St. Croix, we outline and contextualize these patterns and practices of naming. We examine the extent to which the adoption of European and Christian names can be read as an effort toward resistance and self-determination on the part of the enslaved. Our account is illuminated by details from the lives of three former slaves from the Danish West Indies.


This paper addresses a multilevel decomposition procedure, for efficient design optimization of helicopter blades, with the coupling of aerodynamics, blade dynamics, aeroelasticity, and structures. The multidisciplinary optimization problem is decomposed into three levels. The rotor is optimized for improved aerodynamic performance at the first level. At the second level, the objective is to improve the dynamic and aeroelastic characteristics of the rotor. A structural optimization is performed at the third level. Interdisciplinary coupling is established through the use of optimal sensitivity derivatives. The Kreisselmeier-Steinhauser function approach is used to formulate the optimization problem when multiple design objectives are involved. A nonlinear programming technique and an approximate analysis procedure are used for optimization. Results obtained show significant improvements in the rotor aerodynamic, dynamic, and structural characteristics, when compared with a reference or baseline rotor.


Long term reliability of piezoelectric micro-electro mechanical systems (pMEMS™) resonators and oscillators has been characterized for high performance frequency reference applications. In particular, high-Q piezoelectric bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonators exhibit aging (frequency drift) within measurement system accuracy (±2ppm) under two long-term measurement conditions: over 9 months at 25°C, and over 1400 hours at 125°C.


Background: Studies have shown that cardiovascular disease is associated with an increased risk of mortality in patients with COVID-19. The incidence of tachyarrhythmias and how it affects prognosis is not well determined. This systematic review and metaanalysis aimed to evaluate the incidence of tachyarrhythmias in patients with COVID-19 and their implications on patient prognosis. Methods: We performed a search PubMed, and BVS Salud databases. The primary endpoint of the study was poor outcomes including mortality, tachyarrhythmias, and COVID-19. Results: A total of 6 studies including 2232 patients were analyzed. The incidence of tachyarrhythmias in patients with COVID-19 was 7.9% (95% CI: 15.39, 143.26; I2: 0%). Supraventricular tachycardia was common, occurring in 5% (OR: 40.79, [95% CI: 11.18, 148.83, I2: 0%]). All-cause mortality had an (OR: 27.96, [95% CI: 7.59, 102.98, I2: 37%]) and arrhythmia-related mortality had an (OR: 4.21, [95% CI: 0.91, 19.45, I2: 8%]). Conclusion: Tachyarrhythmia incidence and tachyarrhythmia-related mortality appears to be low in patients with COVID-19.


Simultaneous inventory and angle of arrival (AoA) measurement of UHF RF tags is strongly demanded for item searching in warehouses and offices. Existing high accuracy AoA measurements of RF tags mainly employ a radio comprised of multiple antennas and coherent receivers to produce synchronized multiple IQ streams. Such radio is usually realized as a dedicated hardware and software, which is not suitable for prototyping new ideas. This paper proposes a method to realize simultaneous inventory and AoA measurement with multiple commodity software defined radios (SDRs). In the proposal, the cancellation of mutual phase offsets, an well known problem of multiple commodity SDRs, is done by physically switching the combination of receiving antennas and receivers with an external RF switch and subtracting the two phase differences. This way, the calibration before AoA measurement can be done during the process of phase measurement with no human intervention. The antenna switching is integrated into a SDR Gen2 interrogator developed on a dual RF-ports USRP. The external RF switch is synchronously controlled with Gen2 inventory progress using Gen2 protocol features called action and target. The accuracy of phase offset cancellation was evaluated with wired and wireless experiments with commercial Gen2 RF tags. The experiments revealed that AoA measurement can be simultaneously performed with Gen2 inventory without any intervention achieving less than 3 degree of phase offset cancellation error.


As a result of neutron diffraction study of cubic titanium carbohydrides TiCxHy at the lower limit of the carbon homogeneity region, a number of temperature ranges of structural changes are found out. Heat treatment was carried out using special regime for preventing exit of hydrogen out of the lattice. It is shown that in the TiCxHy prepared by means of quenching from1200 °C carbon atoms occupy octahedral interstices, hydrogen atoms - tetrahedral interstices of the disordered cubic structure (space group Fm3m). It is found that carbon and hydrogen atoms are partially ordered when annealing at 900-800 °C. The ordered structure is face-centered cubic (space group Fd3m), where the carbon atoms occupy mainly octahedral interstices16(c) and the rest part of carbon and all hydrogen atoms -the other type of octahedral interstices16(d). According to the model of completely ordered structure, carbon atoms occupy one type and hydrogen atoms - the other type of octahedral interstices. At further decreasing temperature to 600 °C the formation of small impurity of α-Ti is observed. It is found that at temperature of 450 °C the formation of metastable ordered cubic phase with forming of periodic antiphase domains is observed, at this temperatures process of the decay is hindered.


This article examines clinical data management from a research context. It describes the experience of the authors' in the collation and analysis of computerized general practice records. In particular, the authors' examine some of the issues associated with obtaining consent, data deidentification, data quality, ownership, data value, and cost.


236 © 2007 The Authors JEADV 2008, 22 , 235–262 Journal compilation © 2007 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Cutaneous reactions, and moreover granulomatous dermatitis, to black pigments employed in permanent tattoos, like in our case, are seldom reported in dermatologic literature. 8–10 Red pigment is generally involved in cutaneous complication to tattoos. The first case of a skin reaction to black pigment in a tattoo was reported in 1996; in that case, tattooing was done more than 10 years before the reaction developed and non-caseating epithelioid granulomas with pigment inside macrophages were found in histopathology. 8 After that report, other granulomatous reactions to black pigment have been described, 10 including some of the cases of blepharopigmentation granulomas. 5,7


A long-standing argument in the political sciences holds that high levels of inequality are incompatible with democracy. Although a number of studies have by now investigated whether income inequality endangers democratic consolidation and stability through corroding popular support, the findings remain inconclusive. This study provides new evidence for a sociotropic effect of macroeconomic income inequality on trust in the institutions of representative democracy by making use of the random effects within between specification in multilevel models for data from 28 European democracies over a period of 16 years. The findings show that both long-standing differences in income inequality between countries and changes in inequality within countries over time are negatively related to trust in institutions. While the spirit-level thesis states that this effect should be more pronounced among rich democracies, the findings show that the effect of inequality is stronger in countries that are less affluent. Further analyses on whether the social-psychological mechanism proposed by the spirit-level thesis mediates the effect of inequality on trust document a partial transmission via status concerns and social trust. However, the study suggests that income inequality primarily influences trust in institutions through evaluation-based processes as captured by economic evaluations.


Improvements in both the yield strength and ductility were noted in mild steel at elevated temperatures (greater than or equal to315 K) following neutron irradiation to 2 X 10/sup 22/ n/m/sup 2/, in contrast to hitherto observed radiation hardening and embrittlement. This beneficial effect was shown to be due to the interaction of interstitial impurities with radiation-produced defects resulting in reduced concentration of interstitial carbon and nitrogen in solution, and thus blue brittleness is suppressed following radiation exposure. Consequently, the energy absorbed by the irradiated material (a measure of toughness) improved at these temperatures. In the temperature range examined, namely from 300 to 550 K, Luders strain increased following neutron irradiation. While the Luders strain of unirradiated material exhibited a peatk at about 460 K due to dynamic strain aging, it decreased continuously with test temperature following neutron irradiation. Radiation exposure resulted in decreased rates of work hardening at all of the test temperatures. Peaks in the temperature dependence of the work-hardening parameter are noted for the unirradiated material in the serrated flow regime. Thermal recovery of radiation damage resulted in increased rates of work hardening at elevated temperatures.


The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to comprehensively analyze the existing information on the prevalence of the need for orthodontic treatment in the permanent dentition stage among populations in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. For observational studies in GCC countries, the key terms were electronically searched in Science Direct, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Reviews, Google Scholar, and Sage databases (1990–2021). The bias risk for the selected studies was evaluated using the modified Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement. Thirteen studies reported on the prevalence of orthodontic treatment needs among 33,134 children in GCC countries in permanent dentition with an age range of 11–19 years satisfied the inclusion criteria. Out of the 13 studies, 9 reported on the prevalence of malocclusion, 11 reported on the prevalence of occlusal traits, and 12 reported on the prevalence of orthodontic treatment needs as per the Dental Health Component (DHC) of Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN), 4 reported as per both DHC and Aesthetic Component (AC) of IOTN, and 1 reported as per only AC of IOTN. Meta-analysis of the included studies indicated that the pooled malocclusion prevalence rate was 10.60% (confidence interval [CI] 95%: 0.093–0.076) with 8.58% Class I (CI 95%: 0.074–0.188), 2.09% Class II (CI 95%: 0.014–0.058), and 0.93% Class III (CI 95%: 0.005–0.018) malocclusions. The most prevalent type of occlusal trait was spacing (13.10%, CI 95%: 0.018–0.169), followed by crowding (4.96%, CI 95%: 0.017–0.091). The pooled prevalence of borderline and definite needs for orthodontic treatment based on DHC and AC of IOTN was 0.82% (CI 95%: 0.014–0.035), 1.13% (CI 95%: 0.011–0.091), 4.08% (CI 95%: 0.009–0.114), and 2.06% (CI 95%: 0.002–0.048), respectively. The findings were heterogeneous (P < 0.05). These findings indicated that the prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs was not high in the GCC population.


Abstract Computational chemistry can be applied to vibrational spectroscopy in different ways, such as for a better characterization and assignment of all the bands of the experimental spectra, as a tool in the identification of the tautomers present in the gas phase and in the solid state through their spectra and for the simulation of the solid and liquid phase of a compound and the consequent simulation and interpretation of their spectra. In the present study, as an example of the applicability of computational chemistry, the structure and spectra of cytosine and uracil nucleic acid bases and two cytosine derivatives are shown. The FTIR and Raman spectra were analysed with the support of ab initio (Hartree-Fock (HF), MP2) and density functional theory (DFT) (B3LYP, PBE, B-P, etc.) calculations using several basis sets and several scaling equations. The calculations predict an easier tautomerization of cytosine than uracil molecule, but the tautomerization is hindered in the 5-bromocytosine molecule. Thus, in the solid state, this molecule only exists in the amino-oxo tautomeric form.


A low-cost and minimal-processing-step method is demonstrated to synthesize Yb2O3-ZrO2 system by laser excitation catalyzed solid-state reaction. With 980 nm CW laser irradiating, near-resonant excitation of Yb3+ ions can obviously enhance solid state reaction. As the molar content of Yb2O3 rises from 12.5% to 50%, the lattice parameter of Yb2O3-ZrO2 ceramic increases distinctly. Among them, high crystal quality of Yb2Zr2O7 and Yb0.2Zr0.8O1.9 are synthesized at the laser power of 400 W for 10 s. Two obvious Raman peaks of Yb2Zr2O7 represent increased Raman activity. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Impedance spectroscopy demonstrate the huge amount of the oxygen vacancies in Yb0.2Zr0.8O1.9. Yb2Zr2O7 shows lowest thermal conductivity among all the ceramics studied, within the range of 0.497–0.730 W mK−1 from 25 °C to 1200 °C, which indicates a promising thermal barrier material.


Drift studies are central to stream and river ecological research. However, a fundamental aspect of quantifying drift — how net clogging affects the accuracy of results — has been widely ignored. Utilizing approaches from plankton and suspended sediment studies in oceanography and hydrology, we examined the rate and dynamics of net clogging across a range of conditions. We found that nets clog nonlinearly over time and that suspended solid concentrations and net mesh size exerted a strong effect on clogging rates. Critically, net clogging introduced unpredictable biases in resultant data due to the inaccuracies in water volume estimates introduced by progressive clogging. This renders the widespread approach to linearly "correct" for clogging inadequate. Using a meta-analysis of 77 drift studies spanning 25 years, we demonstrate that the detrimental effects of net clogging are routinely unappreciated, even though the results of most of these studies were likely affected by clogging. We close by describing...


Over the years, microbioreactors have been equipped with a variety of tools for online monitoring and measuring of environmental conditions and assessing the physiological state of microorganisms. Microorganisms have played an essential role in producing everyday commodities, such as alcohol, beverages, enzymes. Micro scale system such as microbioreactor offers the potential to develop disposable and miniaturized version of conventional bioreactor. Microbioreactors systems combine the ease of handling of shake flask operations while preserving the online sensing and control capabilities of stirred tank bench-scale bioreactors. It offers academia and the industry the capacity to acquire real-time experimental data through cheap and high-throughput experimentation under well-controlled conditions. However, in spite of development of microbioreactor technology, new challenges still exist. One obvious challenge is the need for efficient strategies for determining the optimal operating condition where both the design and control objectives of obtaining optimal throughput screening in a microbioreactor can be best achieved. Such strategy will increase the efficiency of the reactor and reduce its working hours drastically in addition to other advantages of performing experiments in a microbioreactor system. Current microbioreactor process design and control is analyzed in this review paper, focusing on state-of-the-art and proposing a new strategy for determining the optimal operating conditions where both the design and control objectives of obtaining optimal throughput screening with a microbioreactor can be achieved.


In this work, rain totals from 1960–2014, obtained during the warm season (May to October) from 52 meteorological stations, over Xinjiang, China were classified as either light, moderate, or heavy rain in two sub-regions (northern and southern). Spatial and temporal trends for rain amounts and days for the three rain classes were determined. All light, moderate, and heavy rain amounts displayed increasing trends over the two sub-regions. Furthermore, heavy rain amounts contributed the most to changes in total rain amounts. Light rain days in northern Xinjiang significantly decreased, in contrast to increasing light rain days in southern Xinjiang and moderate and heavy rain days within two sub-regions. Results obtained from correlation and relative weights analyses implied that lower-tropospheric specific humidity was the main factor responsible for light rain day trends in Xinjiang. Increasing temperatures were not found to have a significant effect.


Sishen Iron Ore Mine is one of the largest open-pit mines in the world, and loading and hauling constitutes one of the major cost items on the mine. Because high productivity in loading and hauling results in large financial benefits, the following projects to improve productivity were implemented at Sishen: - a computerized truck-allocation system, - an overhead power-supply system for the diesel-electric driven rear-dump trucks, - an in-pit crusher and a belt-conveyor system. This paper concentrates on the truck-allocation system, with special reference to the improved productivity of loading and hauling resulting from the implementation of this system. Because of the large amount of primary production equipment in operation (16 face shovels and 81 rear-dump trucks) and the distribution of mining activities over a large area, the method of fixed truck allocation (Le. a fixed number of trucks allocated to each shovel) that was used until 1979 became inadequate to ensure the optimal utilization of equipment. Fixed allocation suffered from insensitivity to equipment breakdown or other changes in operating conditions, and resulted in queuing problems and poor utilization of loading and hauling equipment. In a study in which identical conditions were simulated, it was found that dynamic truck allocation could increase the productivity of the loading and hauling equipment by between 7 and 10 per cent. An objective was set to optimize production, and a manual system was designed by which trucks were allocated to shovels displaying numbered boards to the truck operators. This manual system served as a basis for the development of a computerized truck-allocation system. The system was based on that used by Palabora Mining Company, and was improved by the incorporation of the latest technology in this field. Owing to the extent of the mining area, various control areas are defined. Control stations, each consisting of a receiver, an annunciator display, and a trailer containing electronic and radio equipment, monitor the entry points to the control areas for ingoing trucks. Each truck is fitted with a transmitter that continuously beams a unique truck identification. When a truck passes a control station within a radius of 10 m, the identification signal is picked up via the receiver on the side of the road, validated, and transmitted by means of a VHF signal to a control tower. At the control tower, a minicomputer with a 64 K core-memory receives the truck identification, identifies the control area, scans the available shovels within the control area, and returns the shovel identification with the highest priority to the control station, where it is validated and displayed on the annunciator, thus dispatching the truck to the selected shovel. The annunciators are placed 50 m down the road from the control stations, and, with a response time of 0,1 second, the truck drivers have ample time to observe the annunciator display without slowing down. The shovel priority is updated continuously by means of an algorithm that takes into account lapsed time, the total capacity of trucks dispatched to a specific shovel, and the loading rate of the shovel. The system is controlled by production controllers using a concise easy-to-use command language that allows for any schedule or production parameter to be addressed, examined, or changed. In addition, the system also provides for availability and production reporting. The first phase was implemented at Sishen during May 1979. In a subsequent evaluation, it was found that the productivity ofthe haul trucks increased by 27 per cent. Although this increase can be attributed partly to more efficient mining techniques, the truck-control system can claim at least 10 ofthe 27 per cent. After the first phase of the system had been implemented during May 1979, the system was allowed to function under normal mining conditions for more than a year to enable all users to become fully familiar with the system and to identify any shortcomings. Subsequently, based on the success of the system and the realization that it should be expanded, specifications were drawn up for an extension ofthe system into production and maintenance areas. With the improved system, production control is achieved by the setting of dynamic production standards for continuous comparison between actual and expected performances of equipment, thus permitting the identification and correction of any serious deviations. By enabling the system to identify haul trucks scheduled for refuelling, the computer optimizes the allocation for this purpose. Furthermore, the maintenance controller is provided with an on-line computer terminal that continuously supplies him with information concerning the availability of equipment. Planned down-time for equipment is entered into the system, giving a target time for control purposes. Grade classification and an analysis of material are provided for each block loaded in the mine. The linking of each shovel by computer to the block it is loading provides accurate accounting of both the waste rock and the grades of ore handled. The Sishen system has come up to expectations in all respects, and has resulted in a substantial increase in produc, tivity. Since the system was implemented, the general control of production activities has also improved greatly. One of the most important reasons for this is that shift supervisors are provided with information on a continuous and hourly basis, and they can give immediate attention to anomalies and take rectifying action.


The work proves the possibility of testing the speed-force readiness of the swimmer from the perspective of implementation they developing power in rowing movements on land under overcoming hydro resistance in speed and power modes. The expediency of planning the training process aimed at the preparedness weaknesses in the speed and power of the swimmer compared to the phased development methodology of accentuated powers with the subsequent implementation of the increased power potential in the structure of hoe-type motions of the swimmer. Developed and tested in the experiment, the methodology of determining the backward links in the speed and power of preparedness of the swimmer allows individualizing the process of strength training, purposefully to plan the training load.


Aim: The aims of this study were: i) to isolate coagulase positive Staphylococcus (CPS) and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CNS) in milk from dairy cows with chronic recurrent mastitis, ii) to verify isolates in terms of Staphylococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by multiplex PCR, and iii) to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates by disk diffusion method. Materials and Methods: A total of 52 milk samples were collected from the dairy cows with chronic recurrent mastitis in Hatay province. Isolation and identification of CPS and CNS were detected by using classical culture method. All CPS and CNS isolates were investigated for antimicrobial susceptibility and also, were confirmed as Staphylococcus spp., S. aureus and MRSA by multiplex PCR based on 16S rRNA , nuc, and mecA gene sequences, respectively. Results: Positive results were found in 48.0% of the milk samp-les. A total of 56 Staphylococcus spp. isolates (22 CPS and 34 CNS) were obtained from the positive samples. Twenty (90.9%) of the CPS isolates were detected as S. aureus. The mecA gene was detected in 18 (90%) of the S. aureus isolates. By disk dif-fusion method, resistance to erythromycin (66%), tetracycli-ne (62.5%), ampicillin (60.7%), penicillin (60.7%), cefoxitin (50%), oxacillin (46.4%), and chloramphenicol (5.3%) was also determined in this study. Conclusion: In the study, the detection of antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus strains and especially MRSA in milk from dairy cows with chronic recurrent mastitis should be taken into acco-unt for potential spread through the dairy food chain.


We have analysed the treatment results in 159 esophageal or esophagogastric junction cancer patients who have undergone intrapleural esophagoplasty. The total morbidity after surgery makes up 45,28% and mortality was 18,87%. The statistical analysis shows that among all the complications only pneumonia after surgery (p=0,000), transplant necrosis (p=0,038) and also inconsistency of anastomosis sutures (p=0,025) contributed to the frequency in mortal cases. Failure of tracheobronchial drainage function on the background of postoperative ischemic bronchitis was a risk factor of postoperative pneumonia. Systemic arterial hypotension and hypofibrinogenemia affected transplant viability. Frequency of anastomotic leakages significantly depended on anastomosis construction. Improvement of immediate outcomes of intrapleural esophagoplasties was achieved by working up of new surgical technique of esophageal anastomosis and procedure of tracheal catheterization with permanent sputum aspiration.


Abstract : The purpose of this study was to observe by routine histologic and fluorescent microscopic technics the effect of oxytetracycline dental cone implantation of the osseous healing of extraction wounds. (Author)


"I have come to look upon poetry as a sort of escape from a good many things these days. I do not know whether it is due to my physical condition or not, but I find every other aspect of my existence intinitely wearying or worse." Robert Penn Warren to Allen Tate, March 26, 1924 Popeye began to jerk his neck forward in little jerks. "Psssst!" he said., the sound cutting sharp into the drone of the minister's voice; "pssssst!" The sheriff looked at him; he quit jerking his neck and stood rigid, as though he had an egg balanced on his head. "Fix my hair, Jack," he said. William Faulkner, Sanctuary On the evening of May 20, 1924, Charlie Moss entered number 911 in Wesley Hall to find Robert Penn Warren unconscious. Though a chloroform-soaked towel lay nearby, by some accounts the towel was draped over his face or wrapped around his head. Moss immediately alerted Edwin Mims, and Mims's son, Puryear, drove the 19-year-old Warren to the nearby Woman's Hospital. When Warren regained consciousness the next morning, his father was at his bedside, and by that afternoon, Warren was taken home to Guthrie where he spent the summer (Blotner 47, 49). During his summer at Guthrie, Warren worked at the Litchfield Shuttle Company, and for a time, his parents refused to allow him access to pencil and paper. (1) His letters to Allen Tate reflect his frustration, his boredom, and his impatience with his surroundings (Clark 4 1-60, passim). But it was not a fallow period, for during this summer, Warren wrote three poems that suggest a dramatic change in his style. These poems, "Praises for Mrs. Dodd" and the two-sonnet se quence "Sonnets of Two Summers," utilize the people and places of Warren's native region and are among the first poems to do so. After this summer, Warren increasingly would use imagery and characters from his own region as vehicles for his thematic concerns. This shift in settings and characterization is generally accounted for by three separate events. First, Warren himself tells of a picnic on July 4, 1924, in which John Crowe Ransom read aloud the poetry of Thomas Hardy. According to Warren, the event made him realize the potential of regional materials. (2) Second, Warren, in his own words "became a Southerner by going to California and to Connecticut and New England" (Connelly 383). Whatever emotional defenses were necessary when living near Guthrie became more permeable in Berkeley, New Haven, and Oxford, and Warren's first years away from the South enabled him to access the rich resources of his upbringing and culture in creating "Prime Leaf," his first fiction, and poetry that he would include in every volume of selected and collected poems he ever compiled. A final factor influencing Warren's turn to regional materials was the Agrarian controversy (see Ellison 35; Walker 184-85). Allegedly, as Warren became more involved in regionalist polemics, his poet ry began to reflect the concerns and difficulties of contemporary Southerners in poems like the "Kentucky Mountain Farm" sequence (1927-32), "Grandfather Gabriel" (1928), "Eidolon" (1934), and "The Return: an Elegy" (1934) (see Grimshaw 185-87). Certainly, all these factors played a significant role in Warren's recognition of the importance of using his own time and place as materials for his poetry and fiction. (3) There is, however, a final factor influencing Warren's adaptation of regional materials that has never adequately been examined, and perhaps the best way to begin its consideration is to ask a very basic question: in the poems written after the suicide attempt, who dies? In the poems written before the May 20 incident, the answer is less complicated, for in every poem, it is the narrator who anticipates, dreams of, or is on the verge of death. (4) In those poems written after his suicide attempt, Warren consigns others to death, and the fated include characters disturbingly similar to family members and stock figures of his native region. …


The article discusses one of the technologies of corporate education distance learning. Distance learning is regarded by the author in relation to the ideas of programmed training and theory of stage formation of mental actions.


III. Reflections. When the Prime Ministers of the Commonwealth were assembling in London towards the end of June I welcomed the Quarterly's invitation to attempt an appreciation of the 1956 Conference. By the time the Prime Ministers had issued their communique of sweet nothings and were packing their homeward bags I began to regret my enthusiasm. Now that I sit down and try to pull the all too few published threads together I'm tempted to write off the Conference as one of the most disappointing and least productive of all the Commonwealth's post-war gatherings.


The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of climate change on the changes on summer surface temperatures between present (2006-2010) and future (2056-2060) over the Arabian Peninsula and Kuwait. In this study, the influence of climate change in the Arabian peninsula and especially in Kuwait was investigated by highresolution (48, 12, and 4 km grid spacing) dynamic downscaling from the Community Climate System Model (CCSM 4) using the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) model. The downscaling results were first validated by comparing NCEP model outputs with the observational data. The global climate change dynamic downscaling model was run using WRF regional climate model (WRF) simulations (2006-2010) and future projections (2056-2060). The influence of climate change in the Arabian Peninsula can be projected from the differences between the two period's model simulations. The regional model simulations of the average maximum surface temperature in summertime predicted an increase over the next 50 years.


Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the major food and cash crop in the highland regions of Rwanda. However, farmers are not integrated into the potato breeding process. The objectives of this research were to identify farmers' key potato production constraints and establish preferred traits in potato cultivar development in Rwanda. A participatory rural appraisal (PRA) study was conducted through structured survey involving 144 households and 22 focus groups with 258 participants in Musanze, Gicumbi and Nyamagabe districts. The structured survey used a questionnaire administered to farmers to collect information on importance of potatoes and other main crops. While focus groups discussions used matrix scoring of key production constraints and pair-wise ranking of traits. Potato is the most important food and cash crop, followed by maize, beans and wheat. The dominant potato varieties are Kirundo, Cruza, Mabondo and Victoria. The most important potato production constraints are lack of access to credit, lack of high yielding cultivars, insufficient clean seeds and late blight disease. Variety Mabondo is the most tolerant to late blight, followed by Cruza, Kirundo, Kinigi and Rutuku in all the districts. High yield, disease tolerance and high dry matter content are the most important attributes preferred by farmers. Active farmer participation in early breeding stages is critical for a successful potato breeding programme.


A blogpost in response to the 2018 HM Inspectorate of Probation report into work undertaken by CRC organisations with perpetrators of domestic abuse and the risk to victims.

At the end of 2013 an article I wrote was published in the British Journal of Community Justice, a Special Edition: Transforming Rehabilitation (TR) Under the Microscope. In this article I considered the risks inherent within the TR model, and the impact this would have on women and children as it would jeopardise the work undertaken with perpetrators of abuse by highly skilled, qualified probation officers In September 2018 HM Inspectorate of Probation found poor practice was widespread within the privatised section of probation, that is Community Rehabilitation Companies (CRCs). Inspectors found probation staff within these organisations did not have the skills, experience or time to supervise perpetrators properly.


In this paper, we study the homogenization and localization of a spectral transport equation posed in a locally periodic heterogeneous domain. This equation models the equilibrium of particles interacting with an underlying medium in the presence of a creation mechanism such as, for instance, neutrons in nuclear reactors. The physical coefficients of the domain are ε-periodic functions modulated by a macroscopic variable, where ε is a small parameter. The mean free path of the particles is also of order ε. We assume that the leading eigenvalue of the periodicity cell problem admits a unique minimum in the domain at a point x0 where its Hessian matrix is positive definite. This assumption yields a concentration phenomenon around x0, as ε goes to 0, at a new scale of the order of √ ε which is superimposed with the usual ε oscillations of the homogenized limit. More precisely, we prove that the particle density is asymptotically the product of two terms. The first one is the leading eigenvector of a cell transport equation with periodic boundary conditions. The second term is the first eigenvector of a homogenized diffusion equation in the whole space with quadratic potential, rescaled by a factor √ ε, i.e., of the form exp − 1 2ε M (x − x0) · (x − x0) ¡ , where M is a positive definite matrix. Furthermore, the eigenvalue corresponding to this second term gives a first-order correction to the eigenvalue of the heterogeneous spectral transport problem.


Chapter 2 discusses the characteristics of and the relationship between European and local social and employment policies. It starts with an overview on EU cohesion policy and characterises the ESF as a specific governance tool which nowadays combines financial, programmatic and procedural aspects in a unique manner. In a second step, the chapter discusses the crucial role of the local level in current activation policies. Chapter 2 argues that the local level deserves specific attention and should not be subsumed under national welfare systems. Furthermore, the streamlined EU cohesion policy and particularly the ESF establish a stronger direct link between the European and the local level and confront local actors with new opportunities and challenges.


The present invention relates to a method for marking a number of products, the method comprising forming a composite hologram image (20) on each product, said hologram further using phase encoded key, the batch image comprising different products, products of the same first portion (22) and for different products, each second portion (24).


............................................................................................................................ vii Chapter I: Introduction .........................................................................................................1 Statement of Need ............................................................................................................1 Statement of Problem .......................................................................................................4 Purpose of Project ...........................................................................................................4 Statement of Significance ................................................................................................5 Terminology .....................................................................................................................6 Layout of Project ..............................................................................................................9 Chapter II: Literature Review ............................................................................................10 Intimate Partner Violence ..............................................................................................10 IPV Among the Latino Population ................................................................................12 Ecology of the Latino Culture ........................................................................................14 Children of Women Victims of IPV ..............................................................................18 IPV and Adolescents ......................................................................................................21 Development of Adolescent Girls ..................................................................................23 Applicable Theories .......................................................................................................24 Group Therapy for Adolescents .....................................................................................27 Conclusion .....................................................................................................................28


This book presents a provocative debate between parapsychological advocates who claim that Western science's worldview is incomplete, and counteradvocates who insist that parapsychological data is either spurious or can be explained by standard scientific principles. * Includes contributions from 14 scholars weighing in as advocates, counteradvocates, or contributors * 20 examples of original artwork by Dierdre Luzwick, a world-class surrealistic artist * The bibliography contains a reference list at the end of each contributor's section * A glossary of key terms used in the book is supplied


In this paper we propose an approximated structured prediction framework for large scale graphical models and derive message-passing algorithms for learning their parameters efficiently. We first relate CRFs and structured SVMs and show that in CRFs a variant of the log-partition function, known as the soft-max, smoothly approximates the hinge loss function of structured SVMs. We then propose an intuitive approximation for the structured prediction problem, using duality, based on a local entropy approximation and derive an efficient message-passing algorithm that is guaranteed to converge. Unlike existing approaches, this allows us to learn efficiently graphical models with cycles and very large number of parameters.


Hearths are an accident-prone component in blast furnaces. Accidents, especially hearth burnthrough, cause substantial economic losses and even casualties. Ensuring safe operations is a challenging task as it is impossible to directly observe the internal state of a hearth. Measured data from thermocouples arranged in the hearth lining are often used to evaluate the furnace safety status. However, thermocouples are easily damaged due to their long-term operation at high temperatures. This paper proposes an approach to assist in the safety monitoring of a hearth using heat flux from cooling staves. The method is proposed through a series of finite element simulations to construct the heat flux monitoring calculation model. The No. 3 blast furnace of an iron making plant is taken as an example. The three-dimensional finite element simulation method to calculate the monitoring value of the cooling stave heat flux is described in detail. The simulation results demonstrate that the heat flux monitoring of different cooling staves can vary. Even for the same cooling stave, the monitoring value varies with the increased lining erosion. To ensure safe operations, the monitoring value should be updated when the erosion profile of the lining changes significantly.Hearths are an accident-prone component in blast furnaces. Accidents, especially hearth burnthrough, cause substantial economic losses and even casualties. Ensuring safe operations is a challenging task as it is impossible to directly observe the internal state of a hearth. Measured data from thermocouples arranged in the hearth lining are often used to evaluate the furnace safety status. However, thermocouples are easily damaged due to their long-term operation at high temperatures. This paper proposes an approach to assist in the safety monitoring of a hearth using heat flux from cooling staves. The method is proposed through a series of finite element simulations to construct the heat flux monitoring calculation model. The No. 3 blast furnace of an iron making plant is taken as an example. The three-dimensional finite element simulation method to calculate the monitoring value of the cooling stave heat flux is described in detail. The simulation results demonstrate that the heat flux monitoring of diff...


This paper presents the design and implementation of a position controller for a rotary platform driven by a DC motor through state feedback. The main objective in this development is to make an electromechanical system and position control for a rotary platform using a 12 volts DC motor with quadrature encoder. The design and development stages were executed using computational tools such as Matlab and Labview. A DSPIC-30F4011 digital processor is used to implement the real-time controller. Is important to highlight the robustness of the space state controller developed even in the presence of adverse conditions such as non-linearity of electromechanical system. In this case the mechanical system of the rotary platform and the motor gearbox cause a dead zone in the response of the engine, which makes that the system presents a high nonlinearity and does not respond to over the minimum excitation voltages. Further it is interesting that the design process was based on the initial analysis of the problems presented by using a linear controller applied to a nonlinear system.


Methods of functional diagnosis should comply with two requirements: The function to be tested should be precisely known, and quantitative results should be obtained. Neither of these has been exactly fulfilled by the existing methods of functional diagnosis of the heart, first, because the exact nature of the function tested is not given and, second, because the results are not quantitative. In this paper, attention is called to the possibility of elucidating one definite function of the heart by the means of certain graphic methods, phonocardiography and sphygmography. I call these cardiodynamic records. This function, the tonicity, can be considered to depend on the isometric contraction of the myocardium, as expressed in its time element. I will try to bring out some facts in favor of this assumption, after pointing out some well known experimental data on which the hypothesis is based. THEORETICAL CONSIDERATIONS Two different forms of contraction occur


The role of initial hemodialysis vascular access in the subsequent kidney transplant outcome is unclear. Study population was derived from the United States Renal Data System and included adult patients with end‐stage renal disease who started HD 1/1/2005–9/1/2009 and subsequently received at least one kidney transplant. Primary outcome variables were death‐censored graft loss and all‐cause recipient mortality. Among the study population (n = 17 157), 12 428 (72.4%) patients were initiated on HD with a catheter, 4090 (23.8%) patients with an arterio‐venous fistula (AVF), and 639 (13.7%) patients with an arterio‐venous graft (AVG). The rate of death‐censored kidney allograft loss in AVF and AVG groups was not significantly different from the catheter group (HR, 0.82; p = 0.07 and HR, 0.68; p = 0.13, respectively). All‐cause mortality of patients initiated on HD with AVG (HR, 0.761; p = 0.21) was not significantly different compared to those with catheters. However, all‐cause mortality in the AVF group was lower compared to patients initiated on HD with catheters (HR, 0.65; p = 0.001). AVF used at the initiation of HD was associated with lower rate of all‐cause mortality after kidney transplantation compared to the catheter. The type of initial vascular access for hemodialysis was not associated with kidney allograft survival.


Histamine metabolism in the mouse is greatly altered during pregnancy (Rosengren, 1963). The foetus develops a high histidine decarboxylase activity whilst the ability of the maternal kidney to produce histamine also rises to high levels. The maternal excretion of urinary histamine during pregnancy rises steadily to a peak just before term and then falls sharply; the return to non-pregnant levels, however, is delayed for several days. Using a non-isotopic method, we have studied in detail the histidine decarboxylase activity of mouse foetuses from the 14th day of gestation until term, mouse tissues in early life, and adult mouse tissues. The results are compared with those obtained by Rosengren, who used an isotopic method.


PURPOSE: To wash and dry a closet seat automatically at a proper time by changing over a wash-water feed path to the private-part washing nozzle side and the closet-seat washing nozzle side by a feed-path changeover means. CONSTITUTION: In normal private-part washing, a feed-path changeover means 19 changes over a wash-water feed path 11 to the private-part washing nozzle 16 side. When the fouling of a closet seat is conspicuous, stool covers 2, 3 are closed and a closet-seat washing driving switch 22 is turned ON, thus changing over the wash-water feed path 11 to the closet-seat washing nozzle 9 side by the feed-path changeover means 19, then washing the closet seat U Leakage to the outside of the closet seat 1 of wash water is prevented by a leakage preventive member 15 at that time. When the closet seat is washed for a fixed time, the supply of wash water is stopped automatically, a blast means 13 is driven and the closet seat 1 is dried. Washing is controlled by a control means 21 so that the closet seat is washed only when the closing range of the stool covers is detected by a closet-seat opening-closing detecting means. COPYRIGHT: (C)1993,JPO&Japio


Summary form only given. This paper presents a holonic system framework for engineering data management to support allied concurrent engineering by providing functions for product and process item definition and management, project planning and management, system configuration and management, activity work. area service, information service and library management. The framework is designed based on the concepts of holonic systems to reflect the distributed, collaborative, agile, dispersed and heterogeneous natures of allied concurrent engineering processes. In the proposed framework, key elements such as information items, libraries, and information management units etc. are defined as "holons" which have autonomous, cooperative and configurable properties.


Among Wolof farmers in Senegal's Peanut Basin, patriarchal control of household dependents has diminished in conjunction with economic liberalization, state disengagement, and the formation of rural weekly markets. This article builds on twenty-six months of ethnographic fieldwork to explore a crisis of masculinity expressed by men in their oral testimonies and everyday discourse. In domestic struggles over labor and income, male control over women has decreased in the postcolonial epoch. Male household heads, in wrathful fashion, condemn women for their individualism, selfishness, and open sexuality. Men's discourse of social decay contrasts with the more neutral narratives produced by women, who stress household solidarity and the pragmatics of household survival in response to economic insecurity. Wolof husbands and wives confront economic change through different discourses and practices, all the while renegotiating domestic authority. (Wolof women, economic liberalization, masculinity crisis, Senegal) One day, while conducting fieldwork with Wolofpeanut farmers in Senegal, my moped broke down. Waiting under a shade tree for the mechanic to repair the carburetor, I worried about the interview that I was missing, and noticed that I was not the only woman there anxious about her work. The mechanic's young wife stood quietly nearby as she kept a donkey-cart in rein, surveying the landscape impatiently. She wanted to go to the water tower, a kilometer away, and fill two barrels with water for cooking and washing. She was obliged, however, to wait for her husband's navetane, a hired farm hand who had mentioned earlier that he needed the woman's assistance to weed her husband's peanut field. It appeared that the woman was no longer needed but, having no word, she sent a child to the fields to confirm this. The wait was frustrating and the woman revealed, through her body language and comments, her annoyance at having to sit about idly when she had water to fetch and other tasks to complete. Then a male customer of the mechanic chided her for her impatience. "Women don't own the world," he announced, and told her she had no right to complain. The woman immediately retorted, "Men don't own the world either, only Allah owns the world!" Ten minutes later, she wordlessly rolled the heavy barrels from her cart and gave up with a sigh. She had waited too long and the pump would soon shut down until evening. Her morning's work was lost.


Purpose
Cascaded DC-DC converters system is the main structure of distributed power system, and it has complex nonlinear phenomena during operation, which affect the power quality. Therefore, the dynamic behavior of the cascaded buck converter and boost converter system, as one of the typical cascaded DC-DC converters systems is analyzed.

Design/methodology/approach
Firstly, the studied cascaded system of the buck converter with peak current control and the boost converter with PI current control is introduced and its discrete modeling is built. Then, the Jacobian matrix of the cascaded system is calculated to research the stability when the parameter change. Finally, simulation by PSIM and experiments are carried out to verify the theoretical analysis.

Findings
The coexistence of fast and slow time scale bifurcations with the changes of reference current and input voltage are studied in the cascaded system, and using simulation analysis to further study the sensitivity of the inductor current of the front-stage converter and back-stage converter to different parameters.

Originality/value
A discrete model of the cascaded buck converter and boost converter system is established, and its dynamic behavior is analyzed in detail for the first time.


College English design system should base on social demands and students' requirements,combining the knowledge of relative language teaching and language learning with all kinds of factors brought into classroom by learners reasonably and flexibly.In the course of designing,teaching contents,teaching methods should be multiple,and the attention should be paid to micro teaching.


Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) possess exceptional properties which have promoted their use in many fields, such as biomedical imaging and diagnostic tests, biological applications, catalysts and for uses based on their enhanced optical properties such as absorption, enhanced Rayleigh scattering or surface-enhanced Raman scattering of adsorbed molecules [1]. Infrared spectroscopy has been usually employed until now for the characterization of functionalized gold nanoparticles, due to the vibration features of ligands attached to the nanoparticles. Hartstein at al. [2] reported for the first time the socalled surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) effect. Two enhancement mechanisms – electromagnetic and chemicalare thought to mainly contribute to the total enhancement in SEIRA spectroscopy. Electromagnetic mechanism increases the local electric field at the surface and the chemical one assumes an increase of the absorption thanks to chemical interactions between molecules and gold nanoparticles. In this work, photoenhanced adsorption of water on gold nanoparticles has been employed for the insitu monitorization of the synthesis of bare gold nanoparticles by surface-enhanced attenuated total reflection (ATR) infrared spectroscopy. Gold nanoparticles are synthesized directly inside the ATR unit by means of the stainless steel ring forming the walls. While synthesizing, AuNPs adsorb in the SiO2 ATR surface (Figure 1). When increasing the number of gold nanoparticles at surface coverage, Coulomb repulsion from the already adsorbed AuNP film increases and leads to saturation. Despite the IR inactivity of gold nanoparticles, their formation can be monitored by measuring the increase in water absorption bands during the synthesis process, arising from the so-called surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) effect. The deposition of gold nanoparticles on the SiO2 ATR surface enhances the absorption signal from water. According to literature [3], the vibrational modes of water in the infrared region are the H2O bending mode at 1644 cm -1 , the combination of H2O bending and libration at 2128 cm -1 , and one around 3404 cm -1 . This one is composed by the overtone of bending mode at 3250 cm -1 , symmetric OH stretch at 3450 cm -1 and the antisymmetric OH stretch at 3600 cm -1 [4]. As gold nanoparticles are formed and deposited on the ATR surface an increase in the H2O bending (see Figure 2) and the OH stretching bands is observed, despite a decrease in the amount of water molecules present in the evanescent field during the deposition and exchange of water molecules by gold nanoparticles. This increase can be attributed to the so-called SEIRA effect of water molecules in the enhanced field created by formed nanoparticles. This enhanced near-field decays when increasing the distance from the particle surface and it compensates the loss of water molecules replaced by nanoparticles. The influence of gold(III) precursor concentration as well as ATR unit temperature has been investigated. A similar effect has been observed in the case of gold nanoparticles synthesized in deuterium oxide media, the band of deuterium being enhanced during the formation of AuNPs. Moreover, the suitability of infrared (IR) spectroscopy for the investigation of gold solutions has been proved by studying the effect of salts and pH on the aggregation state of gold nanoparticles in solution. Finally, it has been shown that IR spectroscopy can be used to evaluate the sedimentation process of gold nanoparticles on the surface.


OBJECTIVE To investigate the epidemiology and antibiotic resistance of clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae so as to provide reference for clinically reasonable use of antibiotics.METHODS The specimen sources and the clinical distribution of 266 isolates of K.pneumoniae were investigated.Referring to National Guide to Clinical Laboratory Procedures,the identification of the bacteria was carried out by the routine methods.Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by K-B methods and the result was read according to the latest version of CLSI.The WHONET software was used to analyze the data.RESULTS K.pneumoniae isolates were mainly isolated from the respiratory tract,accounting for 60.5%;the isolation rates of K.pneumoniae were relatively high in department of respiratory medicine(20.7%),ICU(19.2%),department of cerebral surgery(15.8%),and department of neurology(14.3%).The result of the drug susceptibility testing showed that K.pneumoniae was 100.0% suscertble to carbapenems such as imipenem and meropenem and varied in the drug resistance to other commonly used antibiotics.CONCLUSION The hospital should continue to adhere to the monitoring of bacterial resistance so as to prevent and control the outbreak and prevalence of nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant strains.


Today rural areas are suffering the slow of the foundation of growth and continuity, resulting from population decline, aging, and persistent income gap. Thus, it is right time to catalyze rural economic by building a new business and markets through a variety of techniques and information based on rural resources. There have been diverse policy aids by the central government and local governments in order to strengthen competitiveness and the economic stimulation of the rural. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the qualitative and quantitative performance towards the business targeting on villages, which conducted a variety of characterized business.


We develop a general holographic superconductor away from the probe limit by considering the corrections both in the gravity and in the gauge matter fields. We find the consistent effects of the high curvature correction in the gravity, the nonlinear correction in the gauge matter field and the backreaction on the dynamics of bulk AdS background and boundary CFT. They all have the effect to protect the stability of the bulk spacetime and hinder the formation of the scalar hair condensation on the boundary.


The concept of space charge neutralization of positive ion beams is well documented but the theory has only been applied marginally to negative ion beams. The two systems differ primarily in the relative masses of the beam ions and the neutralizing ions and this gives rise to observable differences in the particle distribution within the two beam systems. Results presented here show that for negative hydrogen beams circumstances can pertain which lead to non-gaussian beam particle distributions which can be described in terms of a Bennett-like distribution function as often seen in self pinched electron beams. The origins of this distribution are discussed in terms of the space charge neutralization model of Holmes and its consequences for beam optic calculations and measurement are explored.


duction abnormalities within the distal segment of the median nerve. Brain 1979;102:619–635. 8. Kimura J: Principles and pitfalls of nerve conduction studies. Ann Neurol 1984;16:415–429. 9. Maynard FM, Stolov WC: Experimental error in determination of nerve conduction velocity. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1972;53:362–372. 10. Miller RG: The cubital tunnel syndrome: diagnosis and precise localization. Ann Neurol 1979;6:56–59.


Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the distribution and risk from hand positions applied at the center of the chest (CoC) versus the inter-nipple line (INL) during external chest compression by novice rescuers. Methods: This simulation study included 105 participants. The participants were given photographs of the unexposed male chest and asked to mark a cross at the center of the chest and at the midpoint of the inter-nipple line. The range of contact with the chest was estimated by measuring the participants` palm width. The median and distribution of the two points were then compared and analyzed to determine whether the range in contact with the chest involved the xiphoid process. Results: The level of the INL was approximately 0.8 cm higher at the sternum than the CoC (p<0.001), while the standard deviation of the CoC [1.8(0.6-3.8)] was higher than that of the INL [1.2(0.4-2.4)] (p<0.001). There were more cases in which the palm range involved the xiphoid process in the CoC group [15(14.3%)] than the INL group [1(0.9%)] (p<0.001). Conclusion: For male adult patients, chest compression at the level of the INL by novice rescuers is safer and more intensive than compression at the level of the CoC.


The terminal parts of the influenza hemagglutinin (HA) receptors α2,6‐ and α2,3‐sialyllactoses were conjugated to an artificial carrier, named sequential oligopeptide carrier (SOC4), to formulate human and avian receptor mimics, respectively. SOC4, formed by the tripeptide unit Lys‐Aib‐Gly, adopts a rigid helicoids‐type conformation, which enables the conjugation of biomolecules to the Lys‐NεH2 groups. By doing so, it preserves their initial conformations and functionalities of the epitopes. We report that SOC4‐glyco‐conjugate bearing two copies of the α2,6‐sialyllactose is specifically recognized by the biotinylated Sambucus nigra (elderberry) bark lectin, which binds preferentially to sialic acid in an α2,6‐linkage. SOC4‐glyco‐conjugate bearing two copies of the α2,3‐sialyllactose was not recognized by the biotinylated Maackia amurensis lectin, despite its well‐known α2,3‐sialyl bond specificity. However, preliminary immune blot assays showed that H1N1 virus binds to both the SOC4‐glyco‐conjugates immobilized onto nitrocellulose membrane. It is concluded that Ac‐SOC4[(Ac)2,(3′SL‐Aoa)2]‐NH2 5 and Ac‐SOC4[(Ac)2,(6′SL‐Aoa)2]‐NH2 6 mimic the HA receptors. These findings could be useful for easy screening of binding and inhibition assays of virus–receptor interactions. Copyright © 2011 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Efficacy of organic amendments viz., neem cake, vermicompost, neem seed kernel, sawdust and carbofuran 3G against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita in brinjal under field condition was tested by applying individually and in combinations. All the treatments showed significant effects on plant growth parameters and yield of brinjal with corresponding decrease in the nematode populations both in soil and roots. Among all the treatments, the treatment with neemcake + carbofuran 3G showed superior over control in respect of plant growth parameters and yield of brinjal and decrease in nematode multiplication.


Accounting Data for Decision Making Variable Costing Systems Absorption Costing Systems and Cost Allocations The Use of Data in Making Decisions Planning and Control Systems for Decision Implementation Appendix: Present-Value Tables.


In this paper, we propose a novel 3D human motion sequence retrieval method based on the similarity of the motion data distribution. First, for each motion sequence in the database, the self-organizing maps (SOM) clustering algorithm is adopted to partition the frames into different classes to get the associated class reference vectors. Then given a query motion, probabilistic principal component analysis (PPCA) is applied to estimate the distribution of its data. We adopt two different approaches to model the query data. In the first one, we directly estimate the distribution of the original data. For the other one, we estimate the class reference vectorpsilas distribution after training by SOM, instead of that of the original data. Both of these approaches model the data using a Gaussian distribution. Finally the similarity between the query example and the motion sequence in a database is measured using the Mahalanobis distance. Experimental results on the CMU database demonstrate that the proposed method achieves good performance.


ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A new orange oil based soil ameliorant is available on the market. Apart from the orange oil, the other main constituents of the product are a nonionic surfactant and an anionic surfactant. Surfactants are used in the agricultural sector, amongst others, as a countermeasure for soil with poor infiltrability or with hydrophobic characteristics. Farmers who applied the orange oil based soil ameliorant to the soil observed a positive growth response by the crop. However, the main concern about surfactants is that it can cause the soil to disperse and thereby decrease the infiltration and saturated hydraulic conductivity thereof. The aim of this study was therefore to determine the effect which this product might have on the following selected soil physical properties: bulk density, aggregate stability, soil strength and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. The product was applied on four farms on soils with different textures: Dublin Farm (22% clay), Wansbek (20% clay), Toitskraal (7% clay) and Two Rivers (3% clay). Field studies were repeated at Dublin Farm and Toitskraal to study the longevity effect of the product. Differences in bulk density were not attributed to the effect of the product, but to spatial variation. The aggregate stability at the 50 mm depth tended to decrease after application of the product at Dublin Farm trial 1, Toitskraal trial 1 and at Wansbek. At Dublin Farm trial 2 and Toitskraal trial 2 the application of the product tended to increase the aggregate stability. For Dublin Farm trial 2 and Wansbek the shear strength at the 50 mm depth tended to increase with increased application rates. The opposite was observed at Toitskraal and Two Rivers. The unsaturated hydraulic conductivity tended to be higher at the 0 mm depth for the treated soils at all of the trials except Toitskraal trial 2. From the aggregate stability results it is clear that the initial effect of the product was detrimental which can be attributed to the anionic surfactant. The long term effect can be attributed to the effect of the nonionic surfactant. The differences in shear strength can be attributed to aggregate stability (for Dublin Farm trial 2) and bulk density (for Two Rivers). There is however no explanation for the results found at Toitskraal and Wansbek. From the linear regression of bulk density against unsaturated hydraulic conductivity for Wansbek and Two Rivers it is clear that the application of the product definitely had an influence on the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity. For both farms, the correlation between bulk density and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity was better for the control than for the treated soils. To conclude with, the application of the product according to the recommended application rate, resulted in a slightly detrimental effect to the soil on the short term, but on the long term it tended to have a slightly positive effect on the soils.%%%%AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: 'n Nuwe grondverbeteringsproduk met lemoenolie as 'n basis en 'n nie-ioniese en 'n anioniese…


ORNITHINE carbamoyltransferase deficiency is an X-linked disorder of urea synthesis. Its clinical manifestations — lethargy, vomiting, coma, and cerebral edema — are related to hyperammonemia and hyperglutaminemia. Other laboratory findings include low plasma levels of arginine, citrulline, and urea. Orotic aciduria also occurs commonly during hyperammonemic episodes.1 The phenotypic consequences of mutations at the ornithine carbamoyltransferase locus in children are well known; they are less well described in adults. In newborn boys, ornithine carbamoyltransferase deficiency is manifested by hyperammonemic coma that often leads to death or, in those who recover from coma, mental retardation and cerebral palsy.1 Older boys may . . .


The corporate culture plays restrain function on the full play of the scale effect after the enterprise's annexation.The cul-ture combination is the important support of the enterprise's operation t after the enterprise's annexation.The culture combination is the important support of the enterprise's operation after the enterprise's annexation.As different enterprises have different corporate cultures characteristic,should combine the culture characteristic which annex enterprises and the enterprises was annexed,adopt the corresponding measure according to certain principle and guarantee that enterprise annexation succeeds.


Some studies suggest that creep parameters should be determined using a greater quantity of creep test data to provide more reliable prediction regarding the deformation of soft soils. This study aims to investigate the effect of loading duration on model updating. One‐dimensional consolidation data of intact Vanttila clay under different loading durations collected from the literature is used for demonstration. The Bayesian probabilistic method is used to identify all unknown parameters based on the consolidation data during the entire consolidation process, and their uncertainty can be quantified through the obtained posterior probability density functions. Additionally, the optimal models are also determined from among 9 model candidates. The analyses indicate that the optimal models can describe the creep behavior of intact soft soils under different loading durations, and the adopted method can evaluate the effect of loading duration on uncertainty in the creep analysis. The uncertainty of a specific model and its model parameters decreases as more creep data are involved in the updating process, and the updated models that use more creep data can better capture the deformation behavior of an intact sample. The proposed method can provide quantified uncertainty in the process of model updating and assist engineers to decide whether the creep test data are sufficient for the creep analysis.