Cloud computing is rapidly emerging as a new information technology that aims at providing improved efficiency in the private and public sectors, as well as promoting growth, competition, and business dynamism. Cloud computing represents, today, an opportunity also from the perspective of business process analytics since data recorded by process-centered cloud systems can be used to extract information about the underlying processes. Cloud computing architectures can be used in cross-organizational environments in which different organizations execute the same process in different variants and share information about how each variant is executed. If the process is characterized by low predictability and high variability, business rules become the best way to represent the process variants. The contribution of this paper consists in providing: (i) a cloud computing multi-tenancy architecture to support cross-organizational process executions; (ii) an approach for the systematic extraction/composition of distributed data into coherent event logs carrying process-related information of each variant; (iii) the integration of online process mining techniques for the runtime extraction of business rules from event logs representing the process variants running on the infrastructure. The proposed architecture has been implemented and applied for the execution of a real-life process for acknowledging an unborn child performed in four different Dutch municipalities.


Bowl and the consequent sense of temporal and spatial disconnectedness (ch. 5). He provides incisive readings of the discussions and the deployment of referentiality in the text (ch. 6). The chapter on narration uses the techniques and the vocabulary of structuralist narratology to support the "argument that the text challenges a realistic ontology, an ontology that valorizes a perceptual denominative vocabulary for regulating the interaction of subject and object" (104). Finally, Steele's discussion of the Bildungsroman in The Golden Bowl, that aspect of the novel he calls "Maggie Verver's Ontological Voyage," is a model of analytic acuity that sees the "Verver" and the "non-Verver" as competing "systems" of being, knowing, and referring, and Maggie's voyage between them not as a one-way trip towards "teleological closure," the "triumph" with which readers have often credited her, but as a gradual movement into "a space of desire where the reader joins the characters in the task of rereading" (130). These are valuable insights, and this is a valuable book. It does not, however, accomplish all that it proposes. The transition between the two sections glosses over the author's insufficiently justified presumption that his three fictional texts somehow "represent" the history of realism or even of "the novel." To state that after Flaubert "the project of the novel is no longer to depict the manners of society but to represent the ontological discontinuity of experience" is to ignore thousands of later novels. The last paragraph of the conclusion marks another of the limitations of the book when it avers that "the way a text reroutes reference becomes a concern not only for linguistics, rhetoric, and philosophy, but also ideology" (133). Steele's study is too strictly textual to answer the challenge that this statement implies; it nods occasionally in the direction of history and society, but does not make the connections that a genuine "concern for ideology" would demand. Like many other deconstructionists (and an even larger number of New Critics), Steele is a fine reader of texts. The insights provided by Realism and the Drama of Reference should help Steele and others move beyond close rhetorical, linguistic, and philosophical reading to a sophisticated understanding of the complicated relations between "realism," "reality," and history.


Abstract In this paper, we investigate on the characteristics of poly‐Si TFTs reuired for the implementation of analog circuits to be integrated with System‐on‐Glass (SoG). Matching requirements in terms of resistor values, threshold voltage and mobility of poly‐Si TFTs are derived as a function of the resolution of display system. Effective mobility of poly‐Si TFTs required for the realization of source driver is analyzed for various panel sizes.


Objective To summarize the work of hospital's drug counseling to improve the service quality of drug counseling.Methods Retrospective analysed the 856 drug contact information in hospital,and to sort out,on an advisory capacity,consulting and advisory content categories of drugs to make analysis and summary.Results The majority target of drug counseling were patients and their families,accounting for 82.01%;Mainly consulting content were drugs usage,dosage,adverse reactions dominated,accounting for 30.14%,21.61%;The main types of drug counseling were drugs to antibiotics and cardiovascular drugs,accounted for 25.12%,19.39%.Conclusion Drug consultation provides a favorable environment protection for patients to carry out drug safety,effectiveness and rationality,and truly embodies "the patient-centered service" concept,which is an important measure of health care reform.


By focusing on the case of the Italian political movement "Five Stars", founded in 2009 by former comedian Beppe Grillo, this article will analyze the resurfacing of a particular kind of power – charismatic authority – through a platform such as Web 2.0 that was expected to promote more rational consensus strategies. Although the political action of the Five Stars movement pretends to be inspired by a participative culture, it is in fact directly ruled by the founder via his blog, with a little space allowed for discussions. In this sense, the rise of Grillo as a political leader seems to both retrieve and renew an old form of authority grounded in a very traditional legitimacy – the charismatic and undisputed leadership of the boss – while at the same time being able to spread through the network. This article will offer an overview of events and also provide a theoretical interpretation.


Objective: To investigate the nursing method and effects in the dilated cardiomyopathy complicated with malignant arrhythmia patients treated with cardiac resynchronization pacing defibrillator. Methods: Ninety patients with the dilated cardiomyopathy complicated with malignant arrhythmia treated with cardiac resynchronization pacing defibrillator were randomly divided into the control group( treatment with routine care) and observation group( treatment with nursing intervention)( 45 cases each group). The quality of life in two groups was evaluated by WHO quality of life scale( WHOQOL-BREF) before and after treatment. The changes of clinical indicators,treatment effect,heart function classification,postoperative adverse events and satisfaction were compared between two groups. Results: The LVEF,6 min walking distance,WHOQOL-BREF score( including physical field,psychological field,social field and environment field) in two groups after treatment were significantly higher than those in before treatment( P 0. 01),but the QRS wave width and LVEDD after treatment were significantly lower than those in before treatment( P 0. 01). The LVEF and 6 min walking distance in observation group were significantly larger than those in control group( P 0. 01),the QRS wave width and LVEDD in observation group were significantly less than those in control group( P 0. 01). The WHOQOL-BREF score( including physical field,psychological field,social field and environment field),total effective rate and nursing satisfaction in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group( P 0. 05 to P 0. 01). Heart function classification in observation group was significantly better than that in control group( P 0. 01). The difference of the incidence of postoperative adverse events between two groups was not statistically significant( P 0. 05). Conclusions: When the patients with dilated cardiomyopathy complicated with malignant arrhythmia are treated with cardiac resynchronization pacing defibrillator,the effective nursing intervention can significantly improve heart function and quality of life.


Injection current generation method of the fuel cell stack in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention is applied to a first frequency current and a step of the second frequency current to generate a synthesized-frequency current of the as-synthesized form, and a fuel cell stack wherein the combined frequency current comprising the step of, each of the first frequency current and a second frequency current harmonic distortion: is used to calculate at least one of (THD Total harmonic distortion) or impedance. Accordingly, the invention is harmonic distortion (THD: Total Harmonic Distortion) an alternating current, and does not generate an alternating current to calculate the impedance, respectively, to the synthesized frequency current alternating current is synthesized for the two fuel cell stack to produce applied to it by reducing the hardware configuration has the effect of reducing the cost and size.


Invasive species have often been said to display r-selected traits. However, when ecologically similar species are already established, interspecific competition rather than the ability to colonize or rapidly grow in numbers at low density could be the limiting factor of invasion, favouring K rather than r traits. We tested this idea using the "invasive series" approach. We define an invasive series as a suite of ecologically and/or taxonomically similar taxa invading the same region, characterised by hierarchical invasive ranks, in terms of ability to competitively displace each other and become numerically dominant in the invaded area. Three species of polyphagous fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) that successively invaded the Reunion Island (initially occupied by a fourth, endemic species) together provide an example of such a series. We characterized life-history traits of these four species in optimal laboratory conditions, at all stages from egg to death in order to test whether invasive ranks were dependent on positions along an r-K gradient. Our results suggest an interspecific trade-off between K and r traits, and that the K lifestyle is associated with higher ranks in the invasive series. The resident endemic species is an exception, as it has low values for both r and K traits. Its competitive exclusion by the three invasive species is therefore explained by some form of maladaptation rather than by a strategy along an r-K trade-off. (Texte integral)


The basis for the study of complicated technological objects are mathematical models, which, as a rule, include models of physical processes occurring in the system, as well as models of technological automation, protection, interlocks and controls. The presented concept of teaching methods of developing and applying mathematical models in the process of training specialists in the automation of continuous technological processes is based on the constant increase of knowledge and skills in the formation and application of mathematical models as the curriculum disciplines are studied and research projects are carried out. An example is given of using a simulation model to optimize the parameters of the pressure control scheme in the main steam collector of the secondary circuit of a power unit with a WWER-440 with a constant-speed servo motor, a PI controller with a pulse output and a linear differentiator.The basis for the study of complicated technological objects are mathematical models, which, as a rule, include models of physical processes occurring in the system, as well as models of technological automation, protection, interlocks and controls. The presented concept of teaching methods of developing and applying mathematical models in the process of training specialists in the automation of continuous technological processes is based on the constant increase of knowledge and skills in the formation and application of mathematical models as the curriculum disciplines are studied and research projects are carried out. An example is given of using a simulation model to optimize the parameters of the pressure control scheme in the main steam collector of the secondary circuit of a power unit with a WWER-440 with a constant-speed servo motor, a PI controller with a pulse output and a linear differentiator.


Objective: The aims of the present study were to determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism, both subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) and overt hypothyroidism (OH), its correlation with dyslipidemia, and whether replacement therapy with levothyroxine has an effect on plasma lipid profile, i.e., total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) of hypothyroid patients. Materials and methods: A prospective, open-label, observational, clinical study was conducted by the Department of Pharmacology in collaboration with the Department of Medicine, Rohilkhand Medical College & Hospital, for a period of 10 months. A total of 50 patients, age 18 to 65 years, of both genders, who were newly diagnosed cases of hypothyroidism with dyslipidemia (Adult Treatment Panel III National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines) were recruited for the study. Levothyroxine replacement therapy was administered and the patients were reassessed at 6 and 36 weeks for an effect on lipid profile and body mass index. Results: In cases of OH, baseline TC, TG, LDL, and HDL were 231.01 ± 27.84, 148.18 ± 10.72, 149.07 ± 12.38, and 35.42 ± 6.73 mg/dL, which was reduced to 177.33 ± 23.17, 123.15 ± 29.50, 118.44 ± 29.85, and 47.86 ± 8.53 mg/dL after 36 weeks of levothyroxine therapy (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In cases of OH associated with dyslipidemia, levothyroxine therapy achieved a favorable lipid profile in significant number of cases.


Due to the fluctuation of the bandwidth consumption of mobile users, the availability of a more flexible bandwidth pricing structure becomes important. Unfortunately, most mobile service providers only offer long-term contracts. Hence, wireless bandwidth sharing has a potential to become a niche market. In this paper, we propose the pay-per-second model, in which the price is based on the mobile net speed. Our analysis also takes into account the buffet plan, which is available from service providers in several countries to offer mobile users unlimited bandwidth. First, a survey is conducted to collect the data from mobile users. The data are then used to obtain the parameters in our pricing model. The model is verified to be appropriate by Bayesian data analysis. In the experiments, our model is compared against the pay-per-byte model, and the results indicate that our model generates more profit for bandwidth sharing.


Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 12 of 2012 states that higher education is part of the national educa- tion system that has a strategic role in educating the nation's life and advancing science and technology by paying attention to and applying humanities values as well as the sustainable culture and empowerment of the Indonesian nation. The research objective was to examine the role of students as agents of change in sustainable livestock far- ming development. The research variables consisted of students as academicians and 5 dimensions of sustainable livestock development (ecological, economical, socio-cultural, institutions, and technological). The research was conducted using a digital survey method with a likert scale questionnaire +1 to +5 using the google form feature. Respondents are students of the Animal Husbandry Study Program, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Jember. Data were analyzed partially using simple linear regression using IBM SPSS Statistics 26. The results showed that the role of students had a positive and significant effect on the ecological, the economical, the social-cultural, the institutional, and the technological. The conclusion of the research shows that students have a role as agents of change in sustainable livestock farming development. Research recommendations regarding the role of students in supporting sustainable livestock farming development deserve attention of stakeholders, moreover, this role can be implemented with the support of the independent learning curriculum according to the Circular of the Minister of Education and Culture Number 1 of 2020 concerning the Policy of Free Learning.


Pure community rating, which was enacted to improve access to health insurance in New York's small group market in 1993, prevents carriers from charging different premiums based on the ages of a firm's workers. If small firms were adjusting compensation packages prior to reform to offset higher health care costs of older workers, then community rating could lead to greater relative wages for older workers post reform and not necessarily induce adverse selection that results in changes in who is insured. I present evidence showing that relative wages of older workers increased in comparison with other states and large firms within New York following reform. Effects among men were much stronger than the effects for women, which is consistent with more variation in their costs by age. *Address: Department of Economics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201; Phone: (414) 229-4212; firstname.lastname@example.com


A common method of detecting weak signals in the presence of noise is to digitize samples of the signal and average the samples to reduce the effect of noise. It is shown that errors in the digitizer can affect this process even if they are much smaller than the noise variance.


Rheumatic heart disease is still very common in the developing world.Nepal is no exception.lack of health insurance for most people and monitoring of the PT/INR in a long run pose a significant financial challenge to an ordinary Nepalese family and is associated with significant lifestyle issues of the patients. This article presents the surgical issue in the management of rheumatic heart disease in Nepal. Nepalese Heart Journal 2016; 13(2): 11-14


Research shows that the difference between men and women's body postures causes others to perceive their power levels differently. Due to an increase in women's labor force participation, perceptions of the gender differences in body language have generated much research interest. This study examined gender and the perception of power as related to nonverbal behavior with particular emphasis on a comparison of an undergraduate sample with a corporate sample. The hypotheses for this research were that participants would associate dominant body language with males more so than with the females and that professionals would rate females as more dominant than professionals would. Fifty five undergraduates (20 male, 35 female) and thirty-four professionals (14 male and 20 female) rated either a photo of a man and woman both in submissive positions or a photo of a man and woman both in a dominant position. Both the students and the professionals perceived the stimulus individuals sitting in the dominant positions as more dominant than the stimulus individuals in the submissive position. It was also found the male participants perceived the female stimulus person as less dominant than the male stimulus person.


Large aperiodic bursts of activations named neuronal avalanches have been used to characterize whole‐brain activity, as their presence typically relates to optimal dynamics. Epilepsy is characterized by alterations in large‐scale brain network dynamics. Here we exploited neuronal avalanches to characterize differences in electroencephalography (EEG) basal activity, free from seizures and/or interictal spikes, between patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and matched controls.


A gel-precipitating (GP) antigen was purified from rubella-infected BHK-21 cells. The purification procedure included DEAE-cellulose chromatography and ultracentrifugations. The purified antigen also had CF antigen activity which represented about 10 per cent of the original amount of CF antigen in infected BHK-cells. This GP antigen sedimented at about 3.5 S in sucrose gradient centrifugations and equilibrated at about 1.30 g/ml in CsCl gradient centrifugations. Immunization of guinea pigs with this antigen resulted in the production of rubella GP antibodies as well as HI and CF antibodies to purified rubella virus. The gel precipitating antibody response was measured with this purified antigen. After natural rubella infection a slow increase in GP titres was found until the end of the observation period which covered 3 to 4 months. A tendency to slow development of rubella GP antibodies was observed in rubella vaccinees. Animal immunizations confirmed the slow increase of GP antibodies. Rabbits responded better than guinea pigs when measured by GP, although the latter produced high rubella HI antibody titres.


We have undertaken quantitative analysis of four LMC and SMC O4–9.7 extreme supergiants using far-ultraviolet FUSE , ultraviolet IUE/HST and optical VLT UVES spectroscopy. Extended, non-LTE model atmospheres that allow for the consistent treatment of line blanketing (Hillier & Miller 1998) are used to analyse wind and photospheric spectral features simultaneously. Using Hα to constrain Ṁ , He i-ii photospheric lines reveal stellar temperatures which are systematically (5–7.5kK) and substantially (15–20%) lower than previously derived from unblanketed, plane-parallel, non-LTE photospheric studies. We have confidence in these revisions, since derived temperatures generally yield consistent fits across the entire λλ912–7000Å observed spectral range. In particular, we are able to resolve the UV-optical temperature discrepancy identified for AzV 232 (O7 Iaf) in the SMC by Fullerton et al. (2000). The temperature and abundance sensitivity of far-UV, UV and optical lines is discussed. 'Of' classification criteria are directly linked to (strong) nitrogen enrichment (via N iii λ4097) and (weak) carbon depletion (via C iii λλ4647-51), providing evidence for mixing of unprocessed and CNO processed material at their stellar surfaces. Oxygen abundances are more difficult to constrain, except via O ii lines in the O9.7 supergiant for which it is also found to be somewhat depleted. Unfortunately, He/H is very difficult to determine in individual O supergiants, due to uncertainties in microturbulence and the atmospheric scale height. The effect of wind clumping is also investigated, for which Pv λλ1118–28 potentially provides a useful diagnostic in O-star winds, unless phosphorus can be independently demonstrated to be underabundant relative to other heavy elements. Revised stellar properties affect existing calibrations of (i) Lyman continuum Dept. of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, England Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, 3941 O'Hara Street, PA 15260 Dept. of Physics & Astronomy, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3055, Victoria, BC, V8W 3P6, Canada Center for Astrophysical Sciences, Dept. of Physics & Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21286 Department of Astrophysics, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th St, New York, NY 10024


The purpose of this report is to document the investigation into the cause of the spread of radioactive contamination in September and October 1998 at the Hanford Site's 200 East Area and its subsequent spread to the City of Richland Landfill; identify the source of the contamination; and present corrective actions. The focus and thrust of managing the incident was based on the need to accomplish the following, listed in order of importance: (1) protect the health and safety of the Site workers and the public; (2) contain and control the spread of contamination; (3) identify the source of contamination and the pathways for its spread; and (4) identify the causal factors enabling the contamination.


To investigate the relation between root traits and growth duration in japonica rice cultivars,a total of 94 conventional japonica rice varieties were solution-cultured in 2008 and 2009,respectively,and growth duration(GD),dry matter weight of different part in rice plant,and root related traits were measured for each cultivar.Based on GD,the rice varieties were clustered,by MinSSw method,into six types(namely A,B,C,D,E,and F in the alignment from low to high).Then the differences of root related traits for various types were analyzed.Results showed that with prolonging GD,no significant change in the numbers of adventitious roots was observed,while root dry weight,total length of adventitious roots per plant and the maximum root length increased or significantly increased.In general,total/active root absorption area and root activity per plant increased or increased at first then decreased with the elongation of GD.Similar but year-related trend was observed in root traits on panicle basis.The cultivars with longer GD had the medium numbers of adventitious roots,higher root dry weight,longer total/maximum length of adventitious roots,higher root total/active absorption area and higher or medium root activity,calculated on both of plant and panicle basis.Except for number of adventitious roots,the tested traits on the basis of plant or panicle differed significantly among cultivars.The length and weight of single adventitious root were significantly affected by GD,while the single root diameter was not affected by GD.The japonica rice varieties with longer GD had obvious advantages on the most of root traits per plant,due to the improvement of root traits including root length and root dry weight on a basis of panicle or single adventitious root.


Objective:To determine the safety, feasibility, and lung-recruitment efficacy of an explicit ventilation protocol combining high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and recruitment maneuvers. Design:Prospective, multiple-center, single-intervention pilot study. Setting:Four university-affiliated intensive care units. Patients:Twenty-five patients with early acute respiratory distress syndrome and severe oxygenation failure. Interventions:Patients were transitioned from standardized conventional ventilation to high-frequency oscillatory ventilation beginning with an initial cycle of up to three sustained inflation recruitment maneuvers (40 cm H2O × 40 secs), followed by a decremental titration of Fio2 and then mean airway pressure. Recruitment maneuvers were repeated for hypoxemia and routinely at least twice daily if the Fio2 was >0.4. A specific protocol was used for weaning high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, for transitioning to conventional ventilation, and for judging intolerance of conventional ventilation whereby patients should be put back on high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. Measurements and Main Results:Patients (median [interquartile range] Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II, 24 [19–32]; age, 50 [41–64]) were enrolled after 13 (range, 6–51) hrs of conventional ventilation. Following the initial cycle of recruitment, the mean (±sd) Pao2/Fio2 increased significantly compared with standardized conventional ventilation (200 ± 117 vs. 92 ± 36 mm Hg, p < .001). After a mean of 12 hrs of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, the mean Fio2 was significantly reduced compared with prestudy levels (0.5 ± 0.2 vs. 0.9 ± 0.1, p < .001). A median of seven (four to 11) recruitment maneuvers was performed per patient over the study period, with only eight of 244 (3.3%) being aborted. Six of 19 patients transitioned to conventional ventilation (32%) were deemed intolerant and were switched back to high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. Protocol adherence was excellent with documented rates >90%. Conclusions:The combination of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and recruitment maneuvers resulted in rapid and sustained improvement in oxygenation, likely through lung recruitment. This explicit high-frequency oscillatory ventilation protocol appears well tolerated, feasible, and physiologically sound.


Abstract : This paper presents a new integrated artificial-intelligence model, Connecting Analogies With Rules and Explanations (CARE), which combines analogy, rule use, and the assessment of explanatory coherence. The model is applied to complex problem-solving and decision-making tasks in a variety of domains. (kar) p.3


Political turbulence in the South Pacific John Ravenhill The New Zealand perspective on ANZUS and nuclear weapons Michael McKinley France in the South Pacific Robert Aldrich Soviet interests in the Pacific Graeme Gill The ascendancy of the economic dimension in Australian--American relations Richard Higgott Australian defence policy and the ANZUS alliance Andrew Mack American perspectives and policy options on ANZUS Henry S. Albinski Policy implications: an antipodean perspective John Ravenhill


Cultural default refers to the omission of cultural backgrounds information in the communication with the prospective audience.Legal culture is the unique expression for the people who use legal language.The author tries to study the origin of cultural default in legal language translation,and to achieve the function equivalence by conveying original cultural implications through translation.


Distributional and ecological observations of mammals of Salta Province, Argentina, are summarized in this preliminary report. Data are presented which pertain to macroand microhabitat preferences, molting, reproduction, and natural history, as well as standard external and cranial morphological measurements. Fifty-eight species belonging to 19 families and seven orders are considered in this paper; this represents 41% of the total mammal fauna of the province. Fieldwork was conducted over an 8-year period and included all major macrohabitats of the province (that is. Puna, Precordillera, (Ihaco, Moist Forest, and Transitional Forest). Species accounts are included, and the current status of all species occurring within the province is discussed. The ranges of two species (Tadarida laticaudata and Auliscomys sublimis) are extended.


List of Illustrations. About the Editors. List of Contributors. Foreword by Heather B. Weiss. Acknowledgements. PART I: THE NEED FOR INTERNATIONAL COMPARISON. 1. Perspective through International Comparison in the Evaluation of Family Support (John Pinkerton and Ilan Katz). PART II: UNDERPINNING ISSUES. 2. Political and Technical Issues Facing Evaluators of Family Support (Jane Tunstill). 3. Social Exclusion, Family Support and Evaluation (Corinne May-Chahal, et al.). 4. The Value of Resilience as a Key Concept in Evaluating Family Support (Robbie Gilligan). 5. Issues in Evaluating Family Support Services: An American Perspective (Peter Pecora). 6. Comparative Research as a Method of Evaluating Systems (Rachael Hetherington). PART III: 'CASE STUDIES' FROM AROUND THE WORLD. 7. National Policy Making and the Need to Evaluate Family Support in the Republic of Ireland (Catherine Hazlett). 8. A Culturally Relevant Model for Evaluating Family Services in Hong Kong (Monit Cheung and Chi-Kwong Law). 9. Lessons from the Evaluation of Fa mily Support in New Zealand (Jackie Sanders and Robyn Munford). 10. A Nationaln Evaluation of Family Support Services: An Evaluation of Services Provided by the NSPCC in the United Kingdom (Ruth Gardner). 11. Empowering Parents: A Two-Generation Intervention in a Community Context in Northern Ireland (Nuala Quiery, et al.). 12. The Indicators Study: An Cross-Site Implementation Evaluation of the Community Partnerships for Protecting Children Initiative in America (Stephen Budde). 13. Policy Roots and Practice Growth: Evaluating Family Support on the West Coast of Ireland (John Canavan and Pat Dolan). 14. The Resourceful Adolescent Project: A Universal Approach to Preventing Adolescent Depression through Promoting Resilience and Family-Well Being in Australia (Ian Shochet and David Ham). 15. Evaluation of the Contact Family Service in Sweden (Gunvor Andersson). PART IV: TOWARDS AN INTERNATIONAL AGENDA. 16. International Convergence and Divergence: Towards an Open System Model in the Evaluation of Family Support (Ilan Katz and John Pinkerton). Index.


Mobile devices are an important part of the online video landscape. The latest 2014 figures show that smartphone and tablet access represent close to a third of all online video views, which is double the share from the prior year. Industry experts cite more robust networks, increasing access and use of mobile devices, and growing availability of mobile content (including "TV everywhere" by broadcasters) as fueling this rapid rise2.


We observed the behavioral activity of adult females and larval sap beetles Phenolia (Lasiodites) picta (MacLeay) in response to several potential attractant odors. We observed the arrival rates within 15 min of females and larvae to flavor components derived from yeast and fruits as attractants. All adult females and 93% of larvae arrived at the banana within this time frame. Adults were attracted to banana-flavored castella but displayed little attraction to other odor sources. Larvae showed attraction to the mixture, the essence, and pure ethanol. Larvae also showed lower activity in response to the castella than did adult females. Differences in adult and larval behavioral responses to various odor sources may reflect changes in feeding habits during progressive life stages.


To investigate the relation between the roughness of hull surface and increase of skin frictional resistance, following procedures. were taken;i) preparation of a portable roughness recorder, ii) roughness measurements of hull surface of newly built ships and of a ship after 1 & 5 years service, iii) resistance test of steel plates similarly treated as actual ship hull, iv) the same plates were submerged in sea water for 10 to 49 months, v) resistance test of the submerged plates after cleaned and repainted, as ships in docking Main results of the above research are summarized as follows.a) Roughness of newly built hull are expressed byH_??_ (3060) λ0.7, where H : apparent amplitude in micron.λ : apparent wave length in centimeter.b) Roughness configuration of the ship in service and of the submerged test plates are coincident in tendency. From this, the results of our resistance tests can be applied to estimate the augmented resistance of actual ships.c) Approximate relation between ΔCfs and ΔCfm, can be expressed byΔCfs_??_ΔCfm· (Cfs/Cfm) 2·where ΔCf : augmentation of Cf due to roughness, Cf : frictional resistance coefficient of smooth surface, "s", "m" : suffix representing "ship" and "model".


As is already known, the `Learning of Subject-Matters` and `Socialization` as two modes of education are the central concepts of education, but the relation between those concepts is not clear to us. The purpose of this study is to understand the relation between two concepts with reference to The Awakening of Faith(literally, The Discourse on the The Awakening of Mahayana Faith, hereafter `the Discourse`). The general thesis of the Discourse may be summarized as follows; First, the Mind is one entity with two aspect, the Suchness(眞如, Reality) and the Illusions/Thoughts(妄心/想念, Phenomenon). Second, The movements between the Suchness and the Illusions can lead a man to wisdom that is the aim of Buddhism. And the movements from the Illusions to the Suchness come about through two ways. One is through the Attributes of Suchness(眞如自體相), another is through the Influences of Suchness(眞如用). From the viewpoint of this study, these ways of the movements correspond to the Learning of Subject-Matters and Socialization. For the Attributes and the Influences of Suchness designate, in effect, the forms of knowledge and institutional activities. Therefore the relation between the Attributes and the Influences may be suggestive of the relation between two concepts of education. According to the Discourse, the Attributes and the Influences are not only two ways by which the belief in the Suchness is awaken, but also internal and external conditions of that awakening. In other words, the Attributes and the Influences are not two `ways` but two `aspect` of awakening. In respect of this, we can say that the Learning of Subject-Matters and Socialization that are two representative concepts of education designate two aspects of education. Education is only one activity. The one aspect of it is the Learning of Subject-Matters by which we can understand the forms of knowledge, the another aspect of it is Socialization by which we can acquire the institutional activities. In conclusion, the Learning of Subject-Matters and Socialization as two concepts of education are constitutive elements of education.


We describe a highly unusual case of solitary rectal ulcer syndrome in a 90 years old African American female patient with a history of distal sigmoid colon resection for colon cancer with hysterectomy for uterine cancer. This patient presented with constipation, abdominal discomfort. Rectal showed positive fecal occult blood test. This finding raised suspicion for a possible recurrent malignancy.  Colonoscopy shows the presence of an ulcerative rectal lesion. Histopathology study of the Biopsy showed granulomatous lesion with no evidence of neoplastic tissue.


This paper presents a VLSI architecture for implementing the Partial-Rank Algorithm used in adaptive beamforming. The architecture depends on VLSI computational hardware for vector operations which are the main computations needed for the algorithm. The systolic-like architecture presented is as flexible as the algorithm itself in the sense that higher order algorithms can be implemented by adding identical hardware. The implementation is shown to be extendable from an LMS algorithm to a full matrix algorithm.


Chinese classroom efficiency can be examined by both the interaction between teacher's questions and student's answers and the realization of the teaching goals.Effective listening is helpful for teachers to understand the listeners better,study the learner's needs,get ready for them to fulfill teaching tasks or to improve the teaching.


This study offers a plot-structure analysis approach in analyzing narratives on problematic intercultural encounters for teaching cultural values in the foreign language classroom. It argues that the plot-structure of narratives about such intercultural communication situations have characteristic features which are related to key elements of intercultural communication. Foreign language learners' awareness on reasons of conflict in intercultural encounters, including lack of knowledge on cultural values, can be increased by exploring these characteristic elements. This study, first of all, presents a plot-structure analysis of two personal narratives written by foreigners who lived in Turkey. Then, based on this analysis, it proposes the distinctive features of plot-structure in narratives about a  difficult intercultural encounter. Both of the narratives are about hospitality which is an important value in Turkish culture. Therefore, the analysis would be especially useful for learners of Turkish as a foreign language who would like to explore and learn Turkish cultural values. The two personal narratives which are "Rescued by Village Intelligence" and "Hediye" are chosen among the collection of memoirs titled Tales from the Expat Harem: Foreign Women in Modern Turkey first published in 2005. While one of the narratives reflects on how a display of hospitality turned out to be almost life-saving for the author when she was in desparate need for help, the other deals with the author's experience about  Turkish hospitality as an unfamiliar and quite disturbing issue for her.


Yi, Jing. Ph.D., Purdue University, May 2015. Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Rhenium Catalysts for Sustainable Transformations of Polyols, Alcohols, and Amines. Major Professor: Mahdi Abu-Omar. Biomass-derived molecules, such as sugar polyols and lignin, are promising feedstock for making small and useful organics (SUO) and high value-added organics (HVO). However, the high oxygen to carbon ratio (C:O ≈ 1) prohibits the direct use of biomass-derived molecules as energy carriers and chemicals. Deoxygenation of polyols has become an important challenge in the utilization of biomass resources. Oxorhenium complexes show excellent oxophilicity to transfer oxygen and deoxygenate alcohols. Oxorhenium(VII) complexes can efficiently catalyze the transformation of glycerol to allyl alcohol, acrolein, and propanal. The volatile SUO products were easily separated from the nonvolatile residues via simple distillation. Based on kinetic studies and isotope labeling experiments, an oxo-Re(V) diolate intermediate was proposed as both a proton acceptor and a hydride acceptor to facilitate hydrogen transfer and deoxygenation reactions. In contrast to high valent oxorhenium complexes, a nanoparticulate Re metallic catalyst shows great ability to activate C-H bonds in alcohols and amines. Dehydrogenation of alcohols into carbonyl groups is an important reaction. Acceptorless dehydrogenation is a novel, green, and atom-economical reaction, which has attracted


Subchondral cyst is a benign cystic lesion, and it is often found in patients with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis. However, its occurrence in those joints without preexisted disease is rare. Furthermore, there has been no report in the medical literature regarding pathologic fracture in the bony plate of a subchondral cyst at the superior acetabulum. We report here on a case of the 44-year-old woman for whom a pathologic fracture was found in the bony plate of a subchondral cyst at the superior acetabulum.


The article informs that British law firms Berwin Leighton Paisner (BLP) and Greenberg Traurig are all set to merge, as of March 2016 and discusses consequences of this merger on law service industry in the country.


This paper analyzes the characteristics of drivers' workload observed from with 30 participant drivers with respect to two physio-physiological parameters. For investigating physio-physiological characteristics of road drivers, bio-signals from brain's occipital lobe between simulation experiment and real driving experiment are collected and analyzed. The major findings from the analysis are summarized as follows: First, the drivers' physio-physiological workload is a good parameter for explaining the workload characteristics of road drivers. Secondly, the two physio-physiological workload parameters selected, i.e., beta value and relative energy parameter, are revealed to be statistically significant. Thirdly, it is also revealed to be statistically significant to select 90 percentile measurements in simulator experiment to explain the road drivers' characteristics. Finally, the maximum workload of road design driver is 31.72 in beta parameter, whereas the minimum workload is 1.296 in relative energy parameter.


The principal resonance response of a Duffing oscillator subject to a random narrow-band excitation with delayed feedback is investigated in this paper.The method of multiple scales is used to determine the equations of modulation of amplitude and phase.The stability and bifurcation of the steady state response are studied by means of qualitative analyses.And the effects of delay,detuning,bandwidth and magnitude of random excitation on dynamics of the original system are investigated.The results show that the complex dynamics such as bifurcation,jump domain and so on are induced by time delay and the phenomena that multiple solutions or bifurcation are induced by noise.Moreover,as the bandwidth of noise increases,the nontrivial steady state solution may change from a limit cycle to a diffused limit cycle.All the results are verified by numerical simulation and well agreements are obtained.


T HE FRACTIONAL CARBON MONOXIDE uptake, which is the percentage of inspired carbon monoxide absorbed in the lungs, and the pulmonary diffusing capacity are both measurements of gas exchange. Both are influenced by minute volume,' by the state of the alveolar capillary membrane, and by ventilation-perfusion relationships.8 Even bronchospasm will affect the results of these tests (Table 1). In the present investigation, the fractional carbon monoxide uptake and pulmonary diffusing capacity were measured at rest and during exercise in normal subjects and in patients with chronic chest disease. It will be shown that the fractional carbon monoxide uptake has a narrower range than diffusing capacity and that it may reveal abnormalities of gas exchange in the presence of a normal diffusing capacity. The fractional carbon monoxide up


Infant botulism is a national problem with over 1000 confirmed cases in the United States since it was first recognized as a distinct clinical entity in 1976. The disease is characterized by a progressive, symmetrical descending paralysis of cranial nerves with eventual involvement of axial and trunk muscle innervation. Most infants progress to complete respiratory failure.


A theoretical assessment is made of the impact of initial cloud condensation nuclei concentrations on the formation and stability of marine stratocumulus. It is found that the initial CCN concentration, through modulation of the drizzle process, has significant impact on the formation and stability of stratocumulus cloud layers for low CCN levels. The low levels examined are typical of both preindustrial oceanic areas in the North Pacific and the Southern Ocean today.


An improvement in the synthesis of high-pitched voices and sounds is provided by downshifting the pitch 11 of the original input voice or sound before LPC analysis 13. This downshifting of the pitch is provided by upsampling 21, low pass filtering 22, downsampling 23, and performing time scale modification 24.


The long adaptations of Dioscorea zingiberensis type low-light intensity to 1.5,10,15,30,55,100 and 270 μmol·m~(-2)s~(-1)light were tested.The results show that the leaves of D.zingiberensis under 100 μmol·m~(-2)s~(-1)light had the maximal oxygen evolution rate and photorespiration rate.The leaves of D.zingiberensis type low-light intensity under 10,30 and 55 μmol·m~(-2)s~(-1)light had higher effective quantum yields.While the effective quantum yields of the leaves of D.zingiberensis type low-light intensity under 100 μmol·m~(-2)s~(-1)light decreased 9.7 percent,the maximal quantum yields and effective quantum yields of the young leaves and mature leaves almost kept constant.The leaves of D.zingiberensis under 100 μmol·m~(-2)s~(-1)light had the maximal oxygen evolution activities and electron transport rates.The oxygen evolution activities and electron transport rates of the isolated chloroplast were lower than those of the leaves containing equal chlorophyll.


Recycling of asphalt concrete is increasingly used as a major rehabilitation method in Japan because it can conserve natural resources, reduce costs and save energy. In this study, reclaimed asphalt concrete from Tokyo International Airport was evaluated for use in four types of base materials : recycled granular material, recycled cement stabilized material, recycled cement-emulsified asphalt stabilized material and recycled hot-asphalt stabilized material. The results of laboratory tests indicated : 1) These materials can satisfy base course and subbase requirements, and 2) they are sensitive to temperature and water.


In this paper, ferroelectric materials suitable for realizing high-density 1T1C-type (capacitor-type) FeRAM are first reviewed. It is found in BiFeO3 (BFO) films formed by chemical solution deposition that leakage current density at a low electric field increases by substitution of Mn and Cr atoms for Fe atoms. But, it is also found that the breakdown characteristic is much improved by substitution of these atoms. Because of the better breakdown characteristic, the leakage current densities in the 3 and 5% Mn-substituted films are lower than that in an undoped BFO film at an applied electric field of 1MV/cm at room temperature, and thus well saturated hysteresis loops in P-E (polarization vs. electric field) characteristics are observed in these films. Next, recent technological progress in transistor-type FeRAM, in which data are stored in a single ferroelectric-gate FET(field effect transistor), is discussed. It is demonstrated that the data retention time of ferroelectric-gate FETs is much improved by use of HfO2-based buffer layers which are inserted between the ferroelectric film and Si substrate for preventing interdiffusion of constituent elements. Particular attention is paid to FETs with a Pt/SrBi2Ta2O9/HfO2/Si gate structure, in which the data retention time longer than 30 days has been attained. Finally, the cell structure and operation principle of 1T (one transistor)-type FeRAM are discussed.


The intraarterial injection of an isotope before arteriography or aortography has been described in the literature as a means of determining the most suit able moment for obtaining roentgen films (SCHUMACHER & W I T T 1964). Isotopes have also been employed for studying the arterial flow through calf and foot, both in normal cases and in atherosclerosis, and for the measure ment of the retardation of flow in obliterative disease (WAGER 1961, CUYPERS 1964). We have tried to find out whether painless arteriography, with a small amount of isotope, may be used for determining the presence of an occlusion and for localizing it with a satisfactory degree of accuracy. If this were possible, we would have a method acceptable to the patient and of great value, partic ularly in control examinations following vascular surgery with a view to establish if the operation has been successful. It would also be useful for demonstrating the functional aspects of the blood supply of a lower limb, much better than arteriography because the injection of 20 to 40 ml of contrast medium into the arterial bed almost certainly affects the hemodynamics.


The Christmas we know is a relatively modern invention. The Penny Cyclopedia of 1829 lamented that Christmas was dying out completely, that almost the only survival was the decking of doors with greenery in remote rural areas, and soon even this would be gone. But Christmas came back with a rush. The reason was the cultural shift of the 1840s which gave us the Oxford Movement, Ultramontanism, the Gothic Revival and so much else. From a gloomy view of human nature and creation the world swung to a positive view, and the emphasis was no longer on salvation and Good Friday but on God taking human nature, which was now worthy of being taken, and on Christmas. And since creation was good, revelation could and should be through created matter, in images and not directly, and ideally in images of images. This would also mean that the all-holy would not be exposed to the gaze of the unholy, and the unholy would not be endangered by too close proximity to the all-holy. Henceforth things would be seen in a dim religious light, or expounded in poetry which used metre and rhyme to shroud the meaning, and for the impious it would not be seen at all. This view was summed up in Isaac Williams' tract, Reserve in Communicating Religious Knowledge, but modern readers may find it in Kenneth Clark's The Gothic Reoioal' and it was well expressed by John Ruskin. This was particularly true when Ruskin wrote about Turner, 'whose drawings contain thousands of characters which are mere shorthand writing for things not otherwise representable'r' More generally, Ruskin held that 'All high art ... has always subject or meaning ... something that it sees and believes in ... " and which could not be portrayed directly, since 'light untempered would be annihilation', 'pure light is fearful and unendurable by humanity'. Rather, 'That man is always happy who is in the presence of something which he cannot know to the full ... " and, 'In all first definitions of very great things, there must be some obscurity and want of strictness ... '3 But perhaps a more modern description of this doctrine is in Nora Crook's work, Kipling's Myths of Love and Death, which is about more than Kipling. Crook argues that


From Generations, Security methods have always been improvised on the basis of modernisation of Technology. Now a day's using man power for security have become less reliable as Humans can be manipulated using social/emotional hacking. Today most of the family members are employed and only the old aged members or toddlers of the family are left alone at home unattended and unguided. One of the best solutions to these problems is to use the things that are reliable and can't be socially hacked. The primary aim that is achieved by this technology is to look after the unattended and other important activities. Problems like this can be handled by using IOT which involves Surveillance System, remote access, automated security systems, Cloud Computing and many more. Vast variety of problems can be solved by this technology. This can be used at personal level, organisational level or national level. This paper basically describes how Internet of things (i.e. Connecting multiple uncommon devices using internet and giving them instructions remotely as per required) can be used to achieve reliable high level security and can be used to make working simple and easy in some other important fields. IOT has limitless potential; it has the capacity to replace some previous technologies.


Energy losses in power systems are due to technical reasons and "non-technical" order. In the first case, electricity is lost in its journey through the lines and grids. Basically due to Joule's law (resistive losses) and secondarily as a result of "corona" and the eddy currents that occur in the different elements of the electrical system, a process that goes from the transmission of energy through large distances, transforming voltages to enable, first, such a transfer, and then make it available to users through distribution networks.


The single particle motion analysis and particle-in-cell merged with Monte Carlo collision (PIC/MCC) simulations are compared to explain substantial breakdown voltage reduction for helium microwave discharge above a critical frequency corresponding to the transition from the drift-dominant to the diffusion-dominant electron loss regime. The single particle analysis suggests that the transition frequency is proportional to the product of p − m and d − ( m + 1 ) where p is the neutral gas pressure, d is the gap distance, and m is a numerical parameter, which is confirmed by the PIC simulation. In the low-frequency or drift-dominant regime, i.e., γ ‐ r e g i m e , the secondary electron emission induced by ion drift motion is the key parameter for determining the breakdown voltage. The fluid analysis including the secondary emission coefficient, γ , induces the extended Paschen law that implies the breakdown voltage is determined by p d , f / p , γ , and d / R where f is the frequency of the radio or microwave frequency source, and R is the diameter of electrode. The extended Paschen law reproduces the same scaling law for the transition frequency and is confirmed by the independent PIC and fluid simulations.


Functional Size Measures are often used for effort estimation. However, these measures do not take into account the amount and complexity of elaboration required, concentrating instead on the amount of data accessed or moved. Methods for measuring the functional complexity have been proposed, but, being based on the textual description of requirements, are not very easy to apply. In this paper we show that measurement-oriented UML modeling can support the measurement of both functional size and functional complexity. We show, by means of a case study, that it is reasonably easy to derive different types of functional size measures, as well as complexity measures, from UML models. We show also that it is possible to build models for effort estimation that use the functional size and complexity measures as independent variables.


This paper deals with the comparison approach of operational cost and demand response effort of consumers in a smart grid system. There are two objectives considered for this proposed research i.e. the minimization of the operational cost and labor of consumers for demand responses. Normally, consumers do not want to make much labor (or demand response effort) for reducing or increasing their loads that is why this research is done for reducing consumers toil as well as reducing the cost of generations. Labor of consumers has been considered through the real-time pricing of electricity. Mainly a multi-objective algorithm such as Non-Dominated Sort Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) has been utilized to determine the optimum Pareto solution. Also, optimal values of NSGA-II has been compared with Epsilon Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm (ε-MOGA. The computer simulation has been performed by the MATLAB® software.


This expository paper features a few highlights of Richard Stanley's extensive work in Ehrhart theory, the study of integer-point enumeration in rational polyhedra. We include results from the recent literature building on Stanley's work, as well as several open problems.


Fractured bone 62 and 62 of the patients 'apparatus 1 according to the present invention for securing the externally, a plurality of coupling elements 2, 2 are joined together' with a support 11 made, outside the supporting body of the patient It can be placed in. Proximal end 41 of the pin 4 that is disposed at least two percutaneously is fixed to the bone tissue 61 of a patient, the tip 42 is secured to the support 11. Coupling element 2 is held together on the tension element 3, together form a ball joint having a coupling element adjacent two 2 and 2 'are in each case a spherical cap 21 and the coupling socket 22. By applying a tension of the central tension element 3, each ball joint, thus the support member 11 can be fixed in a reversible frictional engagement manner. The coupling elements 2, 2 'are formed so as to be fastened to the support 11 by fastening pins 4 and / or frictional engagement manner by applying a tension of the central tension element 3. .The


The CAPM is a common method to calculate the return on equity. This paper examines the application of the CAPM in the context of the errors and uncertainties in performing an actual calculation and asks if it is worth the effort. It is concluded that the method is no better than rule of thumb methods.


By making use of the diagonal coherent state representation of an optical field, together with the operator relations between dynamic variables at the input and output of a beam splitter, we have derived a general relation between density operators of input and output states. As an illustration of the general procedure we consider two orthogonally polarized photons at the beam splitter input and derive the output state. We show that in the special case in which the reflectivities and transmissivities of the beam splitter are equal, this state exhibits certain features of the well-known singlet state for orthogonally polarized photons.


The paper reviewed the current advancement of the development of EGB agents including pharmaceutical.activities,clinical effects,exfraction,isolation and analysis of the major active components.


Purpose of the study : Stroke is defined as the sudden loss of neurological function caused by an interruption of the blood flow to the brain. Almost 80% of the stroke patients have middle cerebral artery as the most commonly involved artery both due to hemorrhage as well as infarction. The prevalence of spasticity in the post stroke population is estimated at 38-60%of patients one year after stroke6. The Modified Ashworth Scale is the most frequently used and valid scale for measurement of both upper and lower limb spasticity. The Dynamic Gait Index is also a reliable and valid scale used for measuring gait outcome in chronic stroke patients. The aim of the study is to find whether there exists correlation these two measures in patients with MCA involvement thus helping us determine if a correlation exists between spasticity and gait. Objective : To correlate the MAS scores of upper l Balaji old age centre, Koparkhairne Navi Mumbai. Participants : patients with more than 3months of post stroke duration with involvement of MCA and able to walk atleast 10meters with or without support. Interventions : Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures : All subjects were evaluated for the MAS (Modified Ashworth scale) grading and DGI (Dynamic Gait Index) scores. Results : The MAS scores of the lower extremity correlates significantly with DGI scores (p 0.0043), also the subjects with left hemispherical involvement had good correlation with MAS scores (p U/L 0.0458 p L/L 0.0368). Staircase climbing is the most affected DGI component.(31.20%) Conclusions : The MAS scores of lower extremity in chronic MCA stroke patients show correlation with the DGI scores with Staircase climbing being the most affected component and correlation between MAS and DGI exists strongly in subjects with Left hemispherical involvement.


WITH THE USED AIRCRAFT INVENTORY DIMINISHING, BUYERS ARE LOOKING AT NEW PLANES AGAIN. THOUGH THE MARKET'S REVIVAL IS SLOW, THERE ARE FEWER DEALERS NOW TO DIVIDE WHAT CAN BE A PROFITABLE PIE


Objective: Our study aims at assessing the outcomes and survival after completion pneumonectomy (CP) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: We restrospectively recorded all CP performed in our centre for NSCLC from January 1st,1999 to December 31st, 2015. Immediate post-operative outcome and overall survival were studied. Results: A total of 48 patients underwent CP. All patients had a previous pulmonary resection for NSCLC except for one with previous benign disease. Most of patients were male (81,3%), and weaned smoker (70.8%). Ten (20,8%) patients received neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. A post-operative complication occurred in 62,5% patients: haemorrhage requiring blood transfusion (33,3%), lung infection (16,7%), recurrent nerve paralysis (10,4%), and atrial fibrillation (8,3%). Only 6,3% of patients required a re-operation for bleeding. None of the patients presented with bronchopleural fistula as a post-operative complication of CP. Inhospital mortality occurred in four (8,3%) patients. Despite the need for CP, 35,4% of patients had a stage I disease, and 43.8% had a stage II disease. Recurrence occurred in 47,9% of patients with a mean disease-free survival of 11 months. Mean overall survival following CP reached 45 months (>3 years). Conclusions: In experienced hands, CP is a safe curative treatment for NSCLC. Despite its complications, the mortality rate was low. A further prolonged overall survival was offered by CP to patients who already had a previous NSCLC treated with surgery.


menological to psychoanalytic. The 1950s saw a new approach: the relationship between a schizophrenogenic mother and her psychotic child spurred examination of the complexity of family relations in general. This broadened the scope of inquiry, and psychiatry was forced to venture beyond its own limits to seek contributions, interchanges, and points of contiguity with other sciences. Since 1956 many scholars have attempted to shed light on particular aspects of family relationships, defining the concepts that today constitute the basis of family therapy. The "pathological interdependence in family relations" of N. Ackerman, Wynne's "pseudomutuality," Bateson's "double bind," and Bowen's "undifferentiated mass of the ego" are the basic concepts developed by those pioneers. Next came study of the family, and doctors and epistemologists zealously accumulated a wealth of data to be used both as "identity matrix" and as therapeutic aid. Bowen's position is particularly interesting: his concept of id differentiation opened the way to the multigenerational view of the family that has now become the standard frame of reference in therapeutic work: the family as a trigenerational system. The inadequacy of already codified theories and techniques in the difficult treatment of psychoses was an effective incentive for shaping this multigenerational perspective into the conceptual tool we have today. These brief considerations help us to explain how viewing psychosis exclusively from the standpoint of individual pathology impeded our using the family as one of the resources to draw on in the treatment and cure of mental illness. In fact, in the overall process from the onset of illness to institutionalization in an asylum, the family traversed Dr. Soccorsi is a community psychiatrist and an instructor at the Family Therapy Institute, Rome. Her address is Centro Salute Mentale U.S.L. RM/20, Via San Godenzo, 204, 00198 Rome, Italy.


Blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) is a rare inherited disorder with characteristic oculofacial affection of the eyelid region. Recent results of genetic analysis of the causative gene, as well as a hitherto unknown association with hormone-dependent endometrial carcinoma, motivated us to review this syndrome.


The purpose of the article is to implement music studies analysis of «Karpatske kaprytchio» by Viktor Telychko, to reveal the key biographic dominants of the opus, to confirm the master's subjective concerns implemented through the prism of creativity ascending the level of defining the region's chronicle concepts. The research methodology encompasses a range of the following approaches: music studies, hermeneutic, biographic, culture studies, analytical, systemic, and theoretic generalization. The music studies method has been used to grasp the style and genre parameters of the suggested creative pattern. The hermeneutic method has been applied to interpret the senses presupposed by the author of the masterpiece. The biographic method has enabled considering Viktor Fedorovych's chronicles, while the culture studies method has helped revealing various processes of the locus existence. The analytical method has been used to study the literature referring to the research issue. The systemic method has enabled comprehensive review of the question under consideration; the theoretic generalisation method has been used to summarise the research outcomes. Scientific novelty. For the first time ever in national humanitarian studies, «Karpatske kaprytchio» by Viktor Telychko was researched, and the idea of the artwork featuring the master's biography and Zakarpattia's history indirectly, was justified. Conclusions. «Karpatske kaprytchio» is a significant phenomenon of contemporary Ukrainian artistic domain. It reflects psychological characteristics of the regional dwellers (their optimism, humor, expressiveness, religiosity, and admiration of the nature); the paradigm basis of regional composer's school (interpreting the microcosm images, reflecting the region's polyethnic individuality, philosophic features, and the chamber nature of the utterance); the specifics of Viktor Telychko's personal style (the grasp of a considerable range of avant-garde, traditional technologies of composing music, national identity, and autobiographic characteristics). Biographic dominants within the opus are revealed not as a consistent development of the plot or a definite narration of essential events, but as those through the cultural symbols, codes, and semantic prognostications. By decoding them, the recipient obtains information about the genesis, development of the master's talent, civil position, outlook focuses, and relationships with people. By manifesting the concepts of personal biography, the master demonstrates the fundamental chronical parameters of the locus ontology and transfers the political, social, spiritual vicissitudes, as well as displays its mental and civilisational features.
Key words: biography; Viktor Telychko, «Karpatske kaprytchio», Zakarpattia, music art.


With the aim to improve the reliability of calculating and thus predicting the thermal deformation of cryogenically cooled silicon monochromators for intense synchrotron x-ray beams, we have measured the thermal conductivity of several specimen with different purities: float zone (FZ), Czochralski (CZ) single crystal materials and a Si99.3Ge0.7 (SG) crystal between 85 K and room temperature with 1% accuracy. We have shown by finite element analysis that a measured 30% increase of conductivity between the FZ and the CZ crystals leads to an increase of 30 to 40% of the thermal slope. Whereas the performances of these two materials were just acceptable, the 9 times reduced thermal conductivity of the SG crystal turned out to increase the thermal slope error by a factor 19 to a prohibitive value of 143 (mu) rad, as compared to 7.6 (mu) rad for the FZ crystal. Therefore, the application of SG crystals to cryogenic cooling cannot be recommended. In addition, we determined the thermal conductivity of germanium single crystals in the same temperature range. For the silicon FZ and the germanium materials, excellent agreement with recommended values was found. Moreover, we detected a small, but non-negligible dependence of thermal conductivity on the crystallographic direction (a few % at 85 K) that, to our knowledge, has not been published in previous papers.


total CK was selected to evaluate how effectivelythe CK-M antibody inhibits CK-MM, because at higher total CK concentrations, more MM-in absolute terms-will be eluted through the column. All specimens were stored at 0 to 4#{176}C until analysis. CK-MB was measured simultaneously by the two aca methods within 12 h after the electrophoresis. Total CK and agaroseelectrophoresis procedures were as previously described (1). Linear regression analysis of the data from Group 1 gave the following correlation: MBR = 0.48 MB 0.02 (S = 14.4, r = 0.946). For Group 2 we obtained the following correlation for the MB and MBR methods,respectively:MB = 0.037 total CK + 5.9 (S = 43.5, r = 0.895) and MBR = 0.012 total CK 4.3 (S = 24.8, r = 0.819). Thus we have establisheda correlation between the two aca methods: MBR = 0.48 MB 0.02. Becausethe new method does not correct for the baa of M subunit activity in the MB molecule, this correlation corresponds to the theoretical correlation, MBR = 0.50 MB. In an earlier study (1) we established a decision value for acute myocardial infarction for CK-MB, as measured by the aca MB method, of 18 U/L and 6% of total CK. This value, established by using receiver operating characteristic curves to obtain a sensitivity of 100%, left us, however, with an 8% false-positive rate for our study population. Many of these false positives were the result of CK-MM not being retained onthe ion-exchangecolumn in specimenswith high CK activity and correspondingly high CK-MM activity. When we applied the equation obtained from the present linear regressionanalyses to our previously established decisionlevels, we obtained decision values of 8 U/L and 3% of total CK for the new aca method (MBR). If one compares the false-positive results obtained in the present study for the 16 patients' samplesthat had,no detectable CK-MB by electrophoresis,the older aca methodhasfour false-positive results,whereasno falsepositive results were obtained with the newer method.Thus the newer method is much less susceptible to interference by CK.MM, and so there should be fewer false-positive results for patients suspected of having myocardial infarction.


The contribution summarizes previously unpublished data and adds records of newly collected cave-dwelling spiders from Bulgaria. A total of 51 species which belong to 13 families found in 154 underground sites (caves and galleries) is reported. 18 species are new to the spider fauna of the caves in the country. Porrhomma microps is new-found for the Bulgarian fauna. New drawings based on the Bulgarian material are also presented. The number of spiders established in Bulgarian caves increases to 97 species.


1- Relevant in vitro assays for MPER membrane activity should include:- MPER peptide redefined to bear the hydrophobic-at-interface region plus the Nterminalresidues of the TMD.- A lipid bilayer whose composition includes concentrations of cholesterol as highas those present in the viral envelope.2- Preliminary results support that in vitro assays for MPER activity, optimizedaccording to those parameters, are useful tools for new HIV-1 inhibitor and immunogendevelopment.


Geothermal energy and Aquifer thermal energy storage can provide beneficial ways of storing energy in excess and providing energy when needed. North Dakota's renewable energy system is impacted by its harsh winters. Geologic aquifer thermal aquifer storage system is a large scale geothermal system that can act as energy storage media. Aquifer thermal storage systems are dependent on heat conductivity of rocks, storage capacity of aquifer, fluid flow, geochemistry and geo-mechanics. The goals of the project are to 1) evaluate the amount of energy that can be stored in deep aquifers; 2) access the amount of energy that is thermally recoverable; 3) monitor changes in geo-mechanical parameters. CMG STARS, a three-phase multi-component thermal and steam additive simulator, was used for the thermal numerical simulation which takes into account the geo-mechanics (thermal dilation and re-compaction). A conventional reservoir with representative porosity and permeability is modelled in CMG and Semi Analytical Model (SAM) was used to calculate the wellbore dynamics involved with geothermal operations. This is used to calculate heat transfer to the surrounding formation and determine our heat loss. Our preliminary results show us the reservoir pore volume dilation re-compaction model changes from cold water injection. The grid block void porosity dilation re-compaction model changes are greatly influenced by grid block pressure.

 Geothermal energy refers to the earth's thermal energy that can be converted into electrical energy. Emissions from the geothermal energy industry are substantially low, which is an excellent asset to reaching a low-carbon economy. Hot dry rocks and hydrothermal resources are the primary geothermal energy sources. Water from surface seeps through faults and cracks of earth and is warmed by hot rocks or water is trapped by impermeable layers to create geothermal reservoirs. Sedimentary basins have great geologic and reservoir properties for low-cost energy generation for geothermal energy. Hot water moves from deep sources to shallow reservoirs for hot water geothermal reservoirs. Hydrothermal systems use steam or water for electricity generation. Enhanced geothermal systems extract thermal energy from geothermal resources with lower permeability and fluid saturation. (Grant & Bixley, 2011)(Barbier, 2002)


Purpose: The aim of this survey was to review the different stud- ies regarding the occurrence of second primary tumors (s PT) among survi- vors of retinoblastoma. Methods: Ovid (Medline, Current contents life, Psychlit, Embase) was searched for the years 1966 - 1995 using the mesh head- ings: 'retinoblastoma', 'second primary neoplasms', and 'multiple primary neoplasms'. The inclusion criteria were: the study should involve 50 patients or more and should not be limited to one specific SPT. A checklist with crite- ria regarding the study design and the results was applied to each study. Re- sults: Eleven studies were identified which met the inclusion criteria. Thirty- five different types of SPT (Ntotal=z43) were reported. Most of them were os- teosarcomas (37.0%), followed by melanomas (7.4%), soft-tissue sarcomas (6.9%), brain tumors (4.5%), fibrosarcomas (3.3%), chondrosarcomas (3.3%), and sarcomas (3.3%). Less frequently reported were leukemias (2.4%), sebaceous cell carcinomas (1.6%), and non-Hodgkin lymphomas (1.6). Pineoblastoma, which in fact is a trilateral retinoblastoma and not an SPT, was found in 2.4%. Despite the differences, all 11 studies showed a high- er incidence of SPT compared to the general population. Only 4 studies were judged to be free from selection bias, reporting a cumulative incidence of SP T of 8.4% 18 years after diagnosis, 15.7% at the age of 20 years, 19% at the age of 35 years, and a relative risk of 15.4 for s P T, respectively. Conclusion: s P T is a serious problem for the survivors of hereditary retinoblastoma and its impor- tance shoud be recognized in (genetic) counseling of patients.


An adapted version of the Three Words Three Shapes Test (3W3S) is conducted for old Brazilian adults. This study describes the translation, back‐translation, and pilot study of 3W3S‐Br senior Brazilian adults' adaptation process.


PurposeMany organizations struggle to utilize security-as-a-service (SecaaS) advantages effectively, thus challenging the assumption that adopting the SecaaS model will necessarily lead to post-adoption satisfaction. This research paper draws on the organizational mindfulness theory and investigates the factors that lead to satisfaction with SecaaS.Design/methodology/approachThe key informant-based survey approach was employed to collect data from 215 organizations that were using the SecaaS model. PLS was used for data analysis.FindingsOrganizations with greater extents of internal security resources report higher satisfaction levels with SecaaS, thanks to the mediating effect of organizational mindfulness, and that organizations with extensive and mature security auditing were especially well-positioned to experience satisfaction with SecaaS.Originality/valueThis research provides new theoretical insights into the conditions under which organizations' post-adoption satisfaction with the SecaaS model is shaped by investigating the role of internal security resources and organizational mindfulness.


Postoperative deaths Olivecrona stated that most fatal cases are caused by lesions of the large arteries. Among his patients, 14 died. A postoperative haematoma was the cause of death iri two, meningitis in two, and pulmonary embolisni in one. 'The remaining nine patients died from lesions of the carotid artery or one or both of the anterior cerebral arteries with softening of the hypothalamus. In the series of Cassinari & Bernasconi (1957), five of seven operative deaths were caused by haemorrhage. In our series 32 operations were performed in 30 patients. Three cases of postoperative deaths occurred, on the 7th, 13th and 21st day, respectively. I n one of the patients (case 8) , both anterior cerebral arteries had to be ligated. Autopsy showed a perforated duodenal ulcer, and death was probably caused by a hypothalamic lesion. The two other patients who died probably also had lesions in the hypothalamus (cases 3 and 10). A case similar to No. 10 (their case 1 ) was briefly reported by Holmes & Sargent (1927). The patient was a 30-year-old niari who for 3 years had noticed failing vision, and for 3 weeks had had headache and a few attacks of dizziness, but no vomiting. There were no clinical signs of pituitary insufficiency. Vision in the right eye was so reduced that he could not count fingers, with the left he read 6/36. The tumour was partially removed. After a period of restlessness the patient died 13 days after the operation without any apparent cause. Guillaume et al. (1957) mentioned that all 5 deaths in their series occurred under a picture of ,,dkri.glement vkgetatif aigu grave".


An expeditious method is developed for systematically evaluating Steck's determinant for rectangle probabilities of uniform order statistics as polynomials generated by a binary tree.


One type of soil that has weak bearing capacity is clay. One parameter that can be reviewed is the soil shear strength value in the form of cohesion value (c) and internal shear angle (φ). To increase the bearing capacity of the soil can be done using stabilization materials. In this research, coconut shell charcoal powder is used to increase the shear strength of the soil so that it does not become a waste and can be used as a stabilizing material because coconut trees are quite widely available on the island of Bangka. Variations in the addition of coconut shell charcoal powder are 5%, 10%, and 15% of the dry weight of the soil. Tests conducted in this study are sieve analysis, consistency limits, specific gravity, compaction, and direct shear test. The testing standard used is SNI. Soil classification using the USCS method. The value of shear strength of clay soil increased with the addition of the percentage of coconut shell charcoal powder from 26.844 kN/m2 for clay soil to 59.845 kN/m2 for clay soil with 15% coconut shell charcoal powder so that the coconut shell charcoal powder can be used as soil stabilization material.


Abstract: Resilience skill in children is necessary to help them balance their stress during adverse conditions. This study examined the effects of the Family-Based Life Skills Training Intervention on the Resilience of Children. The program combined parent training with child life skills training. The study was conducted in a central province of Thailand from January-March 2014, where three elementary schools were randomly selected and all eligible 4th grade students and their parents were randomly assigned to either an experimental group (n = 80) or a control group (n = 82). Data were collected from all participants prior to implementation, and one week and two months after completed intervention via the Proactive Coping Inventory. The repeated measures ANOVA and the independent t-test were used to test the effect of the program. The results indicated that participants in the experimental group had significantly higher resilience scores than before receiving the intervention and higher than those in the control group over time. The interaction effects of intervention by time on the resilience bmean score changes were found. These findings suggest the intervention require an active parent involvement in child skills intervention to improve resilience skill. An implication for nursing practice is that school nurses should use the family-based intervention to develop child resilience skills but further research is required on the intervention over a longer duration.


The resonator length and displacement distribution of the composite ultrasonic horn was calculated by computer-aided design, using the theoretical design formulas. Then, we carried out modal analysis and resonance analysis, and got the result and theoretical value. In the displacement distribution curve, it meet sinusoidal curve intuitively. Besides, the precision met the need of engineering design.


Contemporary cultural criticism has celebrated the potential of the idea of the "traveling native" for disrupting cultural assumptions about the modern "nation." The focus has been on movements across contemporary national borders and boundaries—fundamentally, on transnationalism. However, nations also make sense of themselves through internal spatial and social divisions. Challenging these divisions also disrupts definitions of "nation." The urbanization of First Nations people in Canada provides a telling illustration of this point. First Nations people were systematically dispossessed of their lands, which were "emptied" for colonial resettlement. Colonial constructions of the Canadian "nation" involved the creation of narrowly circumscribed native territories or reserves, separate from metropolitan centers. Arguably, reserves were viewed as temporary enclaves, places where First Nations people would either be civilized through agriculture, Christianity, or education to take their place in emerging Canadian society, or where First Nations people could live in peace while their "races" died out. The invention of reserves as temporary and "primitive" spaces of First Nations culture and history, secured a "place" for First Nations people in the spatial order of the Canadian nation. By the early decades of the 1900s, almost all First Nations people were settled on reserves, and almost all reserves were located at a distance from urban centers. Through a variety of mechanisms, many of which remain to be fully documented, these largely segregated patterns of settlement persisted unaltered into the 1950s (Table 1). Increasing population pressure and a chronic lack of economic possibilities on the small and often resource-poor reserves resulted in a gradually rising number of First Nations people migrating from reserves to cities after mid-century. Despite their initially very small numbers, non-aboriginal people perceived First Nations peoples' presence in urban centers as extremely problematic. The conference referred to in the title of this paper, one of a number of events during this period involving a variety of non-


There's a higher relevance between test case and test module in the process of test case reusing.Focusing on this point,this paper puts forward a method,in which the test items is extracted to generate a test-item suite,then retrieve the test-item suite to achieve reusing of test cases during the new testing work.In addition,the using of XML makes it easy to manage test cases.The application of the method reduces the relevance of test cases and test modules and improves the efficiency of testing.


Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to design a tool for quantifying agility in organisations and test its practical compatibility.Design/methodology/approach – An agile quantification tool was designed initially by referring to a 20 criteria agile model. A scoring pattern with a maximum 1,000 marks was incorporated in the agile quantification tool which was then subjected to experimentation in an Indian electronics switches manufacturing company.Findings – A feedback session was conducted among the executives of the company to test the practical acceptability of the agile quantification tool. A statistical analysis of the study revealed that 90 per cent of their views were in favour of adopting it.Research limitations/implications – The marks allotted against the 20 agile criteria incorporated in the agile quantification tool are not supported with research findings. This leads to the questioning of the rationale behind allotting the marks against these criteria. In order to overcome this limitation, ...


With progressive emphasis on ecological and environmental quality from the state and society in recent years, it has become a major and urgent front-edge issue to protect ecological systems while developing small hydropower in mountainous areas. Guangdong has the largest number of small hydropower plants in China, but insufficient research efforts have been put on the impacts of these plants on ecological systems and environments. Based on field investigation of four small hydropower plants in the mountainous areas, this study evaluated ecological flow of dehydration river reaches by using two hydraulic methods: the wetted perimeter and the ecological water depth-velocity. We measured the morphology of river cross sections, assessed the habitat conditions of representative fishes and benthic macroinvertebrate, and analyzed the reasonability of evaluation and the applicability of methods. Results shows that the calculated ecological water demands exceed the supply potential of the existing hydropower plants, or even exceed the rainfall over the watersheds. Therefore, we suggest that in flood seasons, the flow released by small hydropower station should meet the demand of ecological flow. In dry seasons, rather than a minimum flow but enough water is released to compensate the water loss in downstream river depressions and wetlands, so that enough water area and depth are maintained to fulfill their ecological functions.


Total number of failures of a software system can help practitioners to have a better understanding of the software quality. In this paper, we propose a model to predict the total number of software failures in a software system by analyzing the failure data from testing using models based on Zipf's law together with the information on code coverage. Failure data and code coverage are combined in a Bayesian way. The methodology is applied to real world failure data to validate its predictability. The predictive accuracy of our model is also evaluated with different methods. The results of our experiment show that our proposed model can provide a very good estimation of the total number of failures. The estimation is stable from a very early point on.


Remote meter reading is an important study in electric energy metering.The paper has studied the realization of automatic remote meter reading based on mobilecom network technology,and realized the reading system based on GSM technology.This system which is a dual processor system made of two new single chip processors is the site control module of the reading system.It operates GSM module through a microarray named MAX232,and communicates with the supervisory computer by SMS.Meanwhile,the system communicates with the electric power meter for acquiring the data through a microarray named MAX485.The experiment result shows that data acquired is correct and all performances satisfied.


The distribution, sources and contamination levels of heavy metals in soil around iron ore area in the upper reaches of Miyun Reservoir were researched in the article. The results indicated that the metal concentrations in the soil samples ex-ceeds that of the background levels in Beijing, with Pb, As as exceptions. The pollution produced by Hg is the most serious,whose concentration is 14 times higher than the soil background values in Beijing. Correlation analysis showed that it is sig-nificant positive correlations(p0.01) between Be, Pb and As, it is significant negative correlations between Cd, Hg and the three before. The PCA and CA showed that Ba, V belong to the mixed source, mainly impacted by both rock weathering and agricultural activities, articles for daily use, the burning of fossil fuel etc. Be, Pb and As belong to the natural source, mainly affected by weathering and erosion of parent material rock. Hg belongs to anthropogenic source, mainly impacted by mining,beneficiation, smelting and acid mine drainage waste, etc. The Enrichment Factor and Geo-accumulation Index suggested that Cd belongs to moderate concentration and contamination, Hg belongs to significant enrichment and serious contamination,which is directly related to mining activities. The pollution has reached a certain level,which requires high attention. The conclusion will provide scientific basis for the mine environmental pollution prevention and protection of Miyun Reservoir in Beijing, and provide certain reference value for further study of heavy metals in soil around mines.


In "ac" scanning thermal microscopy, an "active" thermal probe is used also as a heater, so as to inject evanescent temperature waves into a sample and to allow sub-surface imaging of polymers and other materials [1]. The sub-surface detail detected corresponds to variations in heat capacity or thermal conductivity. By suitably choosing the temperature modulation frequency, and hence the penetration depth of the wave, we control the depth of material below the sample surface that is contributing to the image. Micro-Thermal Analysis [2, 3] builds upon this technique, in order to add spatial resolution to two well-established methods of chemical fingerprinting, DTA and DMA. In both cases, a temperature ramp is used to subject the sample to "events" such as a glass transition or melting. The chief advantages of using the active thermal probe to provide the temperature ramp as well as the modulation, without the use of a heating stage, are: (a) the data are obtained from localised regions chosen from a previously-obtained thermal image, (b) apart from these regions, the rest of the sample is preserved in its original unheated state.


'Cantrang' (danish seine) is considered as an un-environmentally friendly fishing gear in
Indonesia. Enhancement use of 'cantrang' caused a decrease in gill net fisheries production, including in
Pati regency. Therefore, the Indonesian government issued a regulation prohibiting 'cantrang'. However,
this regulation has caused a conflict of interest, between pros and cons. Then 'cantrang' ban regulation
move from technical and regulation issues to social, economic and political issues. This research
purpose was to analyze the effect of 'cantrang' to gill net fisheries production in Pati regency. This
research used the Gordon-Schaefer model that has been modified by our research team. This research
proved that our research model can be applied to estimate a relationship between gill net fisheries
production and fishing effort of 'cantrang'. It is estimated that an average loss value of gill net fisheries
production due to increase of 'cantrang' fisheries was 257 624 Kg per year during 2014 to 2017 that
equal to IDR. 18 557 416 577 per year


When the medical clinic elected not to renew the physician's contract, the physician started working in a competing business and chose not to follow the buy-out provisions contained in his non-competition agreement. The medical clinic attempted to enforce the noncompetition agreement, claiming that it had a protectable business interest in retaining its patient base. On the other hand, the Court noted that enforcing the non-competition agreement could impair or even deny the patients' rights to choose their physician and to continue an ongoing professional relationship with that physician.


Introduction: The effects of pesticide application on the health of the individuals living in the same environment should be considered as a public health problem.Objective: We aimed to compare respiratory complaints and respiratory functions of people living in agricultural areas, before and after pesticide application which cause air pollution. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and fifty two individuals (144 women, 108 men) living in Sanliurfa Province in Turkey (widespread cotton farming area) were asked about respiratory and systemic complaints, lung function tests were applied. After administration of pesticide, 66 individuals were examined. PM2.5 (μgr / m3) and PM10 (μgr / m3) were measured. Results: The mean values of PM2.5 (7.9 μg / m3 and 13.0 μg / m3, p Conclusion: Pesticide administration leads to decrease in respiratory function and increase in respiratory complaints of adults living in the area.


Abstract. Seasonal transitions in Arctic sea ice, such as the melt onset, have been found to be useful metrics for evaluating sea ice in climate models against observations. However, comparisons of melt onset dates between climate models and satellite observations are indirect. Satellite data products of melt onset rely on observed brightness temperatures, while climate models do not currently simulate brightness temperatures, and therefore must define melt onset with other modeled variables. Here we adapt a passive microwave sea ice satellite simulator (ARC3O) to produce simulated brightness temperatures that can be used to diagnose the timing of the earliest snowmelt in climate models, as we show here using CESM2 ocean-ice hindcasts. By producing simulated brightness temperatures and earliest snowmelt estimation dates using CESM2 and ARC3O, we facilitate new and previously impossible comparisons between the model and satellite observations by removing the uncertainty that arises due to definition differences. Direct comparisons between the model and satellite data allow us to identify an early bias across large areas of the Arctic at the beginning of the CESM2 ocean-ice hindcast melt season, as well as improve our understanding of the physical processes underlying seasonal changes in brightness temperatures. In particular, the ARC3O allows us to show that satellite algorithm-based melt onset dates likely occur after significant snowmelt has already taken place.


ESSENTIAL CONDITIONS FOR EXPLOITATION OF SHALLOW LAYER SULPHUR DEPOSITS BY HOT-WATER MINING

Summary
The concept of "shallow-seated" sulphur deposits exploited by hot water melting method is introduced for deposits with an impermeable blank-et 30 to 75 m thick. The equation for hydrodynamic equilibrium of pressures of pumped-in and deposit waters and the problem of repressional pressure are discussed. Attention is drawn to difficulties which may occur during the exploitation of very shallow deposits with the blanket 30 to 50 m thick.


In the present study evaluation of the efficacy of glossopharyngeal nerve block (GNB) was done for the control of posttonsillectomy pain in 50 patients equally divided into two groups (n=25 each), group B bupivacaine group received bilateral GNB with 0.25% bupivacaine 5ml and group C control group received no intervention . To evaluate the effects of GNB, we assessed throat pain (0-10 cm visual analog scale), in the immediate postoperative period, pain scores at rest and when swallowing.


Zhong Rong's Shi Pin commented on four woman poets—Ban Jieyu,Xu Shu,Bao Linghui and Han Lanying.Based on a research in the characteristics and styles of their poems,Shi Pin outlined the evolution of woman poets' poems with five characters to a line that reflected women's complaints about love in different historical periods.The four woman poets formed an independent and closed system in Shi Pin.Zhong Rong classified them into three grades according to their achievements and the gradation was in accordance with the chronological order of the times they lived in.


The invention provides a secret key distribution method and a system. The secret key distribution method includes that a radio frequency identification device (RFID) reader recognizes a RFID tag in the range of inquiry, and a first random number is formed, the first random number is sent to the RFID tag which is recognized, the RFID tag receives the first random number and forms a second random number, a sharing secret key is formed by the first random number and the second random number based on a first rule, in addition, first information which contains the second random number is sent to the RFID reader, the RFID reader receives the first information, and another sharing secret key is formed by the first random number and the second random number of the first information based on the first rule. The secret key distribution method and the system can achieve to distribute a secret key to the RFID tag, and further achieve to independently distribute different secret keys to various amounts of RFID tags and distribute the secret keys to a RFID tag group. According to the secret key distribution method and the system, extra hardware apparatus are unnecessary to add and complex mathematical operation is unnucessary either. So that the secret key distribution method and the system are simple to achieve.