Holographic evaluations count among recent measurement tools in orthodontics and prosthodontics. This research introduces holography as an assessment method of 3D variations of gingival retractions. The retraction of gingiva on frontal regions of 5 patients with periodontitis was measured in six points and was evaluated by holographic methods using a He-Ne laser device (1mV, Superlum, Carrigtwohill, Ireland) inside a holographic bank of 200 x 100cm. Impressions were taken during first visit and cast models were manufactured. Six months after the end of periodontal treatment, clinical measurements were repeated and the hologram of the first model was superimposed on a final model cast, by using reference points, while maintaining the optical geometric perimeters. The retractions were evaluated 3D in every point using a dedicated software (Sigma Scan Pro,Systat Software, SanJose, CA, USA). The Wilcoxon test was used to compare the mean recession changes between baseline and six months after treatment, and between values in vivo and the values on hologram. No statistically significant differences between values in vivo and on the hologram were found. In conclusion, holography provides a valuable tool for assessing gingival retractions on virtual models. The data can be stored, reproduced, transmitted and compared at a later time point with accuracy.


Non-orthogonal multiple access techniques (NOMA) have been recognized as a paradigm shift for the design of multiple access techniques for the next generation of wireless networks. Many existing works on NOMA have focused on scenarios with low-mobility users (static), where users with different channel conditions or quality of service (QoS) requirements are grouped together for the implementation of NOMA. However, when increased, user mobility can strongly impacts on the performance of a NOMA systems, especially in the context of downlink perceived throughput, networ fairness and QoS fuilfilment of each users. This paper presents some of the main drawback which can be obtained if the user mobility is not taken into account in the design of NOMA communication systems. Future direction and challenges to address these issues are also discussed. Received on 02 October 2020; accepted on 16 October 2020; published on 21 October 2020


Escherichia coli strains MC4100 (parent) and a mutant strain derived from this (IC007) were evaluated for their ability to produce H 2 and organic acids (OAs) via fermentation. Following growth, each strain was coated with Pd(0) via bioreduction of Pd(II). Dried, sintered Pd-biomaterials (‗Bio-Pd') were tested as anodes in a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell for their ability to generate electricity from H 2 . Both strains produced hydrogen and OAs but ‗palladised' cells of strain IC007 (Bio-Pd IC007 ) produced ~ 3-fold more power as compared to Bio-Pd MC4100 (56 and 18 mW respectively). The power output using, for comparison, commercial Pd(0) powder and Bio-Pd made from Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, was ~100 mW. The implications of these findings for an integrated energy generating process are discussed.


The key and difficult content of Physical Chemistry can be taught in traditional teaching method.However some fundamental content which is comparatively easy can be taught in subjects oriented teaching methods to train students self-taught and innovative abilities.


Microbes are the most abundant lifeforms on the planet and perform functions critical for all other life to exist. Environmental 'omic' technologies provide the capacity to discover the 'what, how and why' of indigenous species. However, in order to accurately interpret this data, sound conceptual frameworks are required. Here I argue that our understanding of microbes will advance much more effectively if we adopt a microbcentric, and not anthropocentric view of the world.


Several off-the-shelf real-time control systems are available for industrial and academic applications. These systems enable real-time control and prototyping of power electronic applications. However, most of these systems have a considerable cost and are inflexible, limiting their teaching and academic research usage. Consequently, this paper presents the design and implementation of a control platform based on a low-cost easy-to-program microcontroller from Texas Instruments. The proposed control platform is intended for rapid-control-prototyping, and it considers optic PWM outputs, isolated sensing of voltage/currents, multipurpose input-outputs, and hardware protections. Experimental results are presented to validate the usefulness of the proposed control platform.


The environmental quality of soil and groundwater from 40 plots in east section of outer ring road and surroundings in Shanghai were investigated. The results show that the pollution status are different obviously at different plots and the pollutants of cupper, zinc and PAHs has been found in soil and groundwater at some plots.


There is no effective means for wholly comprehensive inspection of pipelines in the gas station because of the complex laying environment.In response to this situation,the UK GUL's WaveMaker G3 low-frequency ultrasonic guided wave testing system was introduced.In order to check the performances of this system,such as detection sensitivity,defects positioning accuracy,detection range and type of defect,and so on,the experiment of inspecting pipelines was carried in the gas station of PetroChina Southwest Oil Gas Field Company.The test results showed that WaveMaker G3 low-frequency ultrasonic guided wave testing system can be used for inspecting the location of corrosion and the decrease of wall thickness.It also can position the defects precisely through identifying the typical characteristics signal,e.g.,welds etc.Thus,the corrosion of the whole pipeline can be inspected.It will provide a strong technical support for detecting and evaluating the station pipelines,gathering transportation pipelines and long-distance pipelines in oil and gas fields.


Software development teams increasingly adopt platform-as-a-service (PaaS), i.e., cloud services that make software development infrastructure available over the internet. Yet, empirical evidence of whether and how software development work changes with the use of PaaS is difficult to find. We performed a grounded-theory study to explore the affordances of PaaS for software development teams. We find that PaaS enables software development teams to enforce uniformity, to exploit knowledge embedded in technology, to enhance agility, and to enrich jobs. These affordances do not arise in a vacuum. Their emergence is closely interwoven with changes in methodologies, roles, and norms that give rise to self-organizing, loosely coupled teams. Our study provides rich descriptions of PaaS-based software development and an emerging theory of affordances of PaaS for software development teams.


In philosophy proper, thus far, technology and technics have been rather poorly represented. Their stature is low because of a tendency to class them amongst merely practical things in merely practical realms—while "real philosophy" is thought of as dealing with fundamental, primarily theoretical problems. And this is so despite a respectable tradition in the modern era, notably highlighted by Immanuel Kant, of granting primacy to practical philosophy (unfortunately, most often only in principle or in theoretical terms).


Invasive alien species are non-native exotic organisms which can disperse and destroy the biodiversity and change the ecosystem. The present study deals with the comprehensive list of invasive alien plants (IAPs) of Rourkela Steel City, Sundargarh, Odisha, with background information on family, habit, and nativity. A total of 165 invasive alien species under 132 genera and 59 families have been recorded. From the nativity study, among 25 geographic regions, the majority of invasive plants reported from American continent (62%) with 103 species. While in life form analysis, the herbs (114 species) are dominant, followed by trees (23 species), shrubs (22 species), climber (5 species), and undershrub (1 species). Ageratum conyzoides , Blumea lacera , Cassia alata , Lantana camara , Cassia tora , Parthenium hysterophorus , Xanthium sp., Datura sp., Cardamine scutata , Argemone mexicana , Grangea maderaspatana , Hyptis suaveolens , and Gnaphalium polycaulon are some noxious species found during the study. Parthenium hysterophorus is the highly noxious plant which is grown every-where after Ageratum conyzoides and Lantana camara . Most of the invasive species are locally used for medicinal purposes as well as for food, fuel, and fodder purposes. A better planning and reporting of the spread of new plants in the area are needed for early identification and control of the invasive alien plant species in different seasons. Since the flora of Sundargarh districts has not been beneficially explored, this study will help in the compilation of flora of Sundargarh district and Rourkela in particular. Further studies will reveal the allelopathic effects on different agricultural crops as well as the different ethnobotanical values.


Traditionally, the critical current, <italic>Ic</italic>, of a superconducting wire, considered as the limit of DC operation, is experimentally verified on a sample few centimeters long. This approach could fail in case of high-temperature superconductor wires, where significant changes of <italic>Ic</italic> along the conductor length, <italic>x</italic>, are commonly observed. Then, the quantity that could replace the uniform critical current as the entry data in designing of a superconducting device is to be found. We have analysed the properties of 6 coated conductor tapes provided by 4 different manufacturers. First, the overall critical current of the full tape length, <italic>Ic,ovrl</italic>, has been evaluated from the <italic>Ic(x</italic>) data. However, the dissipation in a non-uniform conductor with fluctuating critical current concentrates in the "weak spots" with the lowest <italic>Ic</italic> values. Then, depending on the conditions of heat removal, thermal runaway in some location could happen before reaching <italic>Ic,ovrl</italic> during conductor testing or operation. Taking into account the conductor architectures and assuming the cooling in liquid nitrogen bath, we computed the thermal runaway current, <italic>Itr</italic>, at which the weakest location in each of the analysed conductors would convert to a "hot spot" with rapid increase of temperature. Then, comparing <italic>Itr</italic> to <italic>Ic,ovrl</italic> one can identify which of these two values is lower, i.e., represents the upper limit of transportable current. We discuss how the result of such analysis would be influenced by a metallic stabilisation that exhibits significant impact on cooling.


This research is aimed at (1) explaining the grammatical characteristics of African American Vernacular English (AAVE) in "Django Unchained" Movie (2) describing the differences between African American Vernacular English (AAVE) Standard English (SE) grammar in "Django Unchained" Movie. This is descriptive qualitative research with the data taken from "Django Unchained" movie script. This research uses documentation technique for collecting data. In analyzing the data the researcher uses theory by Rickford (1999) and Wolfram (2004) for presenting data with code, numbering of all and comparing AAVE grammar and Standard English grammar. As the results, the researcher found 5 types of verb phrase (copula/auxiliary absence 13,49%, completive done 4,29%, remote been 1,84%, irregular verbs 0,61%, subject-verb agreement 1,84%), 3 negation (ain't 35,58%, multiple negation 20,24%, negative inversion 3,68%), 4 nominal (absence of suffix –s in plural noun 3,68%, y'all 12,26%, absence of relative pronoun 1,84%, existential they got 0,61%). And the researcher also found the differences between AAVE and Standard English grammar. Missing (-) grammar found in copula/auxiliary absence, remote been, absence of suffix –s in plural noun, and absence of relative pronoun. Addition (+) grammar found in negative inversion, Equivalent (=) grammar found in completive done, irregular verbs, subject-verb agreement, ain't, multiple negation, y'all, and existential they got.


In many control cases, we encounter the problem of tuning the coefficients of PID controllers. The often used methods such as the Ziegler-Nichols method can not guarantee to be the most effective one. This paper proposes a fuzzy PID gain conditioner algorithm (FPGA), a method based on the fuzzy control, which tunes the PID controller online. We probe into the VLSI architecture of the algorithm. The FPGA prototype implementation based on this VLSI structure is also given. Finally, a virtual control system is used to test the effectiveness of the design. The results obtained are encouraging.


The physical and chemical qualities of mozzarella cheese prepared from cow and buffalo milk were evaluated by a panel of judges (flavour and taste, body and texture, finish and colour) and by chemical tests (acidity, pH, fat, protein, lactose and ash). The flavour and taste, finish and colour of cow cheese were not significantly different from those of buffalo cheese. Fat, protein, lactose and ash content of cow cheese were significantly higher than those of buffalo cheese. (Bangl. vet. 2010. Vol. 27, No. 1, 36 – 42) DOI: 10.3329/bvet.v27i1.5913


In the serum of 155 patients being irradiated for different diagnoses investigations were made of the changes and activity of the following testing enzymes (excretory and secretory ones); glutamate oxalacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, malate dehydrogenase, cholinesterase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, smylase, and leucine aminopeptidase. Under the influence of the performed radiation therapy an increased frequency of cases with pathologicslly chsnged enzymatic activity was found being most pronounced in ChE, LDH, and Am; this increase is important for diagnosis and therapy. (auth)


.............................................................................................................................. ii 1.0 Introduction............................................................................................................. 1 Statement of the problem.................................................................................................... 2 Objectives of the study........................................................................................................ 4 2.0 Literature review..................................................................................................... 4 3.0 Methodology......................................................................................................... 10 The data............................................................................................................................. 11 4.0 Gender wage determination .................................................................................. 12 Regression results ............................................................................................................. 13 5. Estimation of gender wage discrimination ................................................................... 17 6.0 Conclusions and policy recommendations............................................................ 21 Recommendations............................................................................................................. 22 Reference .......................................................................................................................... 23 Appendix 1........................................................................................................................ 26


Forty-one New York State records of Arctic Tern, involving 57 individuals, are presented and analyzed with respect to historical, geographical, seasonal, and agelplumage criteria. The records show pronounced patterns with respect to all four criteria: all but three records are from 1975-2008; coastal Long Island records greatly outnumber those from the mainland and offshore waters combined; summer records from June and July greatly outnumber those from May and those from August-September combined; and immatures in their second or third calendar years of life greatly outnumber adults and juveniles combined. Thus, contrary to published summaries, non-breeding Arctic Terns appear to be regular summer visitors to coastal LI, whereas passage migrants remain poorly known anywhere in the state or its offshore waters. The abrupt recent increase in records of Arctic Tern in NYS is a consequence of a concurrent increase in deliberate searches for immature Arctic Terns around ocean inlets during June and July, a context historically regarded as unfavorable for this species. Moreover, recent, fully documented records of the species from New Jersey contain a higher proportion of June and July dates than do older, unreviewed sight reports, and specimen records from southeastern North America contain a higher proportion of second calendar year birds than do sight reports. These patterns suggest that summering non-breeders were overlooked in the past, and that the recent surge in records in NYS more likely reflects improved detection rather than a change in rate of occurrence.


IN December, 1883, at the completion of my Medical Registrarship at the Hospital for Sick Children I resolved to undertake the investigation of which the present communication is the first record. It seemed to me that the possible effects of genuine capillary embolism in cerebro-spinal pathology had been far from adequately considered. I commenced my experimental investigation on the lst of October, 1884, at the Brown Institution, to which my friend Mr. Victor Horsley had just been appointed Professor Superintendent. The material with which I began to work was guineapigs and rabbits as subjects and bismuth and starch as


We herein report a kind of nickel-doped ultrathin δ-MnO2 nanosheets prepared using a facile chemical bath deposition method. The obtained δ-MnO2 materials have 2D ultrathin nanosheet structures with a few atomic layers. Electrochemical measurements indicate that an appropriate amount of nickel doping can remarkably improve the specific capacitance of the δ-MnO2 and that 1.0 mol % nickel-doped δ-MnO2 nanosheets display the best specific capacitance of 337.9 F g–1 at 1 A g–1. The specific capacitance can maintain at 158 F g–1 even as the current density increases to 20 A g–1, demonstrating that the electrode material possesses good rate performance. In addition, the discharge capacity fading from 160.9 to 158.8 F g–1 is slight after 4000 cycles, and the corresponding capacitance retention is as high as 98.6%. The good rate capacity and stability of the δ-MnO2 nanosheets can be attributed to the ultrathin structure of a few atomic layers which provides large surface areas and lots of reactive active sites. M...


In this paper, we propose a vision-based robust vehicle distance estimation algorithm that supports motorists to rapidly perceive relative distance of oncoming and passing vehicles thereby minimizing the risk of hazardous circumstances. And, as it is expected, the silhouettes of background stationary objects may appear in the motion scene, which pop-up due to motion of the camera, which is mounted on dashboard of the host vehicle. To avoid the effect of false positive detection of stationary objects and to determine the ego motion a new Morphological Strip Matching Algorithm and Recursive Stencil Mapping Algorithm(MSM-RSMA)is proposed. A new series of stencils are created where non-stationary objects are taken off after detecting stationary objects by applying a shape matching technique to each image strip pair. Then the vertical shift is estimated recursively with new stencils with identified stationary background objects. Finally, relative comparison of known templates are used to estimate the distance, which is further certified by value obtained for vertical shift. We apply analysis of relative dimensions of bounding box of the detected vehicle with relevant templates to calculate the relative distance. We prove that our method is capable of providing a comparatively fast distance estimation while keeping its robustness in different environments changes.


Precise temperature measurements in the magnetic field are indispensable for MR safety studies and for temperature calibration during MR‐guided thermotherapy. In this work, the interference of two commonly used fiber‐optical temperature measurement systems with the static magnetic field B0 was determined.


In this paper was founded an exact error of quadrature formula of trapezium for classes of functions, with bounded derivative of second order in the space of integrable in average metric.


Effective treatment of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients is achievable within a short window of opportunity following diagnosis. T-cells are early drivers of synovial inflammation of RA, therefore, identification of pathogenic T-cell subsets at the synovial tissue of pre-RA, arthralgia subjects, would greatly improve our understanding of disease pathogenesis. Comparative analysis of healthy control, arthralgia subject and RA-patient derived synovial tissue T-cell responses will lead to the identification of pathogenic as well as protective cytokine milieu, thus enabling the identification of early therapeutic targets to help steer the immune response towards resolution.Characterization of T-cell polyfunctionality in the periphery and synovial tissue of 'at-risk; subjects (Arthralgia) RA-patients and healthy controls (HC).Identification of specific, pathogenic, synovial tissue T-cell subsets.Synovial biopsies from RA, AR and HC were obtained by arthroscopic surgery followed by RNAseq analysis (Guo et al., PLoS One, 2018). Single cell synovial tissue cell suspensions from RA, AR and HC and paired PBMC were stimulated in vitro and polyfunctional synovial T-cell subsets examined by flow cytometric analysis, SPICE visualization and FlowSom clustering. Flow-Imaging, was utilised to confirm specific T-cell cluster identification. Fluorescent Lifetime Imaging Microscopy (FLIM) was used to visualise metabolic status of specific T-cell populations.T-cell associated pro-inflammatory gene pathways were increased in RNAseq analysis of RA-patient and arthralgia subject compared to HC synovial tissue biopsies. Flow cytometric analysis of pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, GM-CSF, IL-17A, IL-22) production and SPICE analysis of ex vivo stimulated T-cells revealed marked polyfunctionality of arthralgia subject synovial T-cells, thus providing evidence for a dysregulated synovial T-cell response that pre-dates clinical onset of disease. Importantly, HC synovial tissue harbours a small, albeit surprisingly polyfunctional, CD4 T-cell population characterised by significantly increased IL-4 and GM-CSF cytokine production compared to arthralgia subject (P<0.001 and P=0.01) and RA-patient (P<0.001 and P=0.004) synovial tissue. However, not all polyfunctional T-cells are equal in their pathogenic potential. Therefore, in order to identify highly pathogenic synovial T-cells, cluster analysis of flow cytometric data using the unsupervised algorithm FlowSom was performed and led to the identification of specific T-cell clusters with unique polyfunctionality characteristics. Specifically a cluster of CD4+CD8+ double positive (DP) T-cells with high polyfunctionality scores was identified. Hybrid flow cytometry and imaging technique confirmed the co-expression of CD4 and CD8 by a synovial T-cell population. DP T-cells are enriched in RA-patient synovial fluid and synovial tissue and arthralgia subject synovial tissue, but are absent from HC synovial tissue. Importantly, DP T-cell synovial accumulation strongly (P=0.002) correlates with DAS28(CRP) of RA-patients. Initial studies utilising the novel, non-invasive FLIM technique for visualisation of cellular NAD, revealed that DP T-cells have a metabolic profile indicative of activated memory T-cells.These data highlight a key early loss of balance between protective and pathogenic synovial T-cell polyfunctionality and the emergence of specific, highly polyfunctional and pathogenic T-cell clusters in RA.Figure 1.Identification of highly polyfunctional and pro-inflammatory synovial DP T-cells. A. Cluster analysis of RA-patient synovial tissue T-cells (asterisks indicate DP T-cell clusters). B. Flow imaging of CD4+, CD8+ and DP synovial T-cells. C. SPICE flow cytometric data visualization of DP arthralgia subject and RA-patient synovial T-cells. D. Correlation between the frequency of RA-patient synovial DP T-cells and disease severity.Achilleas Floudas: None declared, Nuno Neto: None declared, Mary Canavan: None declared, Trudy McGarry Employee of: Novartis, Vinod Krishna Employee of: Janssen, Sunil Nagpal Employee of: Janssen, GSK, Michael Monaghan: None declared, Douglas Veale Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Janssen, Novartis, MSD, Pfizer, UCB, Consultant of: Abbvie, Janssen, Novartis, MSD, Pfizer, UCB, Grant/research support from: Janssen, Abbvie, Pfizer, UCB, Ursula Fearon Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Grant/research support from: Janssen, Abbvie, Pfizer, UCB.


Grounding system is one of the lightning protection system that meant to provide protection for a power system, equipment in it and any personnel whom might accidently in touch with it, during both normal and fault conditions. It must with a low impedance path, ensuring all fault currents to be dispersed into earth at the shortest time possible. This could be achieved by treating grounding enhancement materials with the surrounding soil to reduce its earth resistance effectively. Grounding enhancement materials could be natural or chemical based, i.e. CEM and NEM, respectively. Only NEMs were considered in this study where four grounding systems were installed near to SGS, UPM with 100% Bentonite, 100% Peat Moss, Bentonite and Peat Moss Mix A, and Bentonite and Peat Moss Mix B. These NEM were mixed with water for their performances were compared to a Reference grounding system which is without any NEM added to the vicinity of the ground conductor. The performances of all installed grounding systems were evaluated by the percentage reductions of their measured earth resistance values against the Reference grounding system, with Fall-of-potential method, 62% rule and 0o separation angle were employed. The earth resistances were measured daily for 120 days, i.e. from 1st Feb 2019 to 1st Jun 2019 and it has been found that the best performed grounding system in descending order were 100% Bentonite, Bentonite and Peat Moss Mix A, 100% Peat Moss, Bentonite and Peat Moss Mix B, and Reference grounding systems. Note that Bentonite ratio was more in Mix A compared to Mix B.


A range of trigonometric methods for measuring tall tree heights is described and reviewed. The Sine method using a range-fi nding laser is recommended as the simplest and most accurate technique, providing the top of the tree does not comprise fi ne dead branches, and there are clear lines of sight to the candidate high points. The Tan method, which triangulates the high point of the tree, is relatively complex but inherently accurate. The conventional method used in forestry, the Simple Tan, is not recommended for accurate estimation of tall tree heights unless it is used with surveyed plumb lines.


MICRORNA-146A IS CRITICAL FOR ENDOTOXIN-INDUCED TOLERANCE. IMPLICATION ON INNATE IMMUNITY Md A. Nahid, Kaleb M. Pauley, Minoru Satoh, and Edward K.L. Chan From Department of Oral Biology, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, and Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, and Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610 Running head: miR-146a for endotoxin tolerance Address correspondence to: Edward K.L. Chan, Ph.D., 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 326100424. Fax: 352-273-8829. Email: firstname.lastname@example.com.


Aiming at that the control object model of the industrial process is time-delay,an internal model control method based on the filter parameter self-adjusting is designed.Meanwhile,the decimal coded genetic algorithm and its specific operation process for avoiding the mapping erros caused by binary coded genetic algorithm are presented.The simulation results show that this method is not only effective for the dynamics and the stability of control system but also effective for the process robustness when the object model of the industrial process is changing or the object model of the industrial process and prediction model is not equal to.It is fit in for engineering application.


The invention provides an assembling device for a display screen. The assembling device comprises a first support body and a second support body matched with the first support body to connect two adjacent display screen units or display screen cases, and also comprises a locking mechanism; the locking mechanism has a locking state and an unlocking state and comprises a first clamping part and a second clamping part matched with the first clamping part, the first clamping part has a first position and a second position, the first clamping part is clamped with the second clamping part in the first position and is separated from the second clamping part in the second position. According to the assembling device disclosed by the invention, the display screen can be quickly assembled and dismounted.


In India, with the launch of INSAT-2C satellite which carries cross-strapped transponders in C and S band, India's own Mobile Satellite Service (MSS) has become possible. This paper carries out a comparative analysis of INSAT-MSS with similar services on a worldwide basis, keeping in view the newer technologies that are emerging in this field.


Corresponding author: Abbas Basiri, MD Urology and Nephrology Research Center, 9th Boustan St, Pasdaran Ave, Tehran, Iran Tel: +98 21 2256 7222 Fax: +98 21 2256 7282 E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com CASE PRESENTATION A 37-year-old man was admitted with a hard large mass in the right testis in 1992. Serum levels of β-human chorionic gonadotropin and α-fetoprotein (α-FP) were 280 IU/mL and 0.5 IU/mL, respectively. After right inguinal orchidectomy, pathologic examination result was reported as teratoma with choriocarcinoma without involvement of the spermatic cord. The patient was followed up with laboratory tests and computed tomography (CT).


PURPOSE
To improve understanding of how nurses define or redefine medication error.

DESIGN
Qualitative descriptive.

METHODS
This 18-week ethnomethodological study in one hospital used participant observation, documentary analysis, and validation criteria. Ethnomethodology is useful for making clearer the every-day, taken-for-granted understandings and practices of people as they make sense of their world. It hinges on the use of tacitly held knowledge in practical situations.

FINDINGS
Nurses adopted practices and embodied logic to accomplish tasks. They created criteria to decide when incidents were "real errors" and used institutional rules to create order.

CONCLUSIONS
The findings provide a body of tacitly held knowledge about medication error that is shared among clinical nurses and redefines medication error using six criteria. The study calls into question the way institutions seek to identify, document, and reduce medication errors by nurses and the validity of nursing research based on reported error rates.


Multicomponent solids such as cocrystals have emerged as a way to control and engineer the stability, solubility, and manufacturability of solid active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). Cocrystals are typically formed by solution- or solid-phase reactions of APIs with suitable cocrystal coformers, which are often weak acids. One key structural question about a given multicomponent solid is whether it should be classified as a salt, where the basic API is protonated by the acid, or as a cocrystal, where the API and coformer remain neutral and engage in hydrogen bonding interactions. It has previously been demonstrated that solid-state NMR spectroscopy is a powerful probe of structure in cocrystals and salts of APIs; however, the poor sensitivity of solid-state NMR spectroscopy usually restricts the types of experiments that can be performed. Here, relayed dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) was applied to reduce solid-state NMR experiment times by 1–2 orders of magnitude for salts and cocrystals of a compl...


Obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) is a common preventable cause of anal incontinence. Both diagnosis and primary repair of OASI are often suboptimal, partly owing to the absence of effective clinical audit. The aim of this study was to evaluate the location of scars or defects of the external anal sphincter (EAS), diagnosed by translabial ultrasound (TLUS), following primary OASI repair.


17O NMR longitudinal and transverse relaxation rates and chemical shifts were measured at variable temperatures at 9.4 T magnetic fields for aqueous solutions of two Gd(III) TTDA-like complexes (TTDA = 3,6,10-tri(carboxymethyl)-3,6,10-triazadodecanedioic acid), [Gd(TTDA-PY)(H 2 O)] - (TTDA-PY = 3,10-di-(carboxymethyl)-6-pyridylmethyl-3,6,10-triazadodecanedioic acid) and [Gd((S)-4-Bz-TTDA)(H 2 O)] 2 - ((S)-4-Bz-TTDA = ((S)-4-benzyl-3,6,10-tri(carboxymethyl)-3,6,10-triazadodecanedioic acid). The results were analyzed in terms of the water-exchange kinetics and the rotational motion of the complex. The water-exchange kinetic (k c x 2 9 8 ) parameters for [Gd(TTDA-PY)(H 2 O)] - ((30.3 ′ 1.8) x 10 6 s - 1 ) and [Gd((S)-4-Bz-TTDA)(H 2 O)] 2 - ((115 ′ 2.5) x 10 6 s - 1 ) are lower than that of [Gd(TTDA)(H 2 O)] 2 - (k e x 2 9 8 = (330 ′ 4.0) × 10 6 s - 1 ) and are significantly higher than that of [Gd(DTPA)(H 2 O)] 2 - (k e x 2 9 8 = (4.1 ′ 0.3) x 10 6 s - 1 )(DTPA = diethylenetriamine-N,N,N',N",N"-pentaacetic acid). The higher k e x 2 9 8 values for [Gd((S)-4-Bz-TTDA)(H 2 O)] 2 - and [Gd(TTDA)(H 2 O)] 2 - suggest that the longer backbone of the multidentate ligand may be pulled tightly into the first coordination sphere, resulting in high steric constraints at the water binding site. The rotational correlation time (τ R ) for [Gd(TTDA-PY)(H 2 O)] - (129 ps) and [Gd((S)-4-Bz-TTDA)(H 2 O)] 2 - (141 ps) are significantly higher than those of [Gd(DTPA)(H 2 O)] 2 - (103 ps) and [Gd(TTDA)(H 2 O)] 2 - (75 ps), and this is owing to that τ R is related to the magnitude of their molecular weight.


The Regional Transportation District's (RTD's) first light rail system, the Central Corridor, is a 5.3-mi (8.5-km)-long at-grade rail line that runs from a southern terminus, through the central business district (CBD), to a northern terminus in metropolitan Denver, Colorado. This first line is the spine of a planned regional rapid transit system and was designed with simplicity and the ability to expand as demands require. RTD modified and accentuated its organization in order to design, construct, and implement this transit system to ensure it would be both usable and acceptable to the Denver metropolitan communities. To enhance RTD's experience in light rail transit (LRT) construction, administration was conducted in-house, whereas design and construction management were performed by professional consultants and construction contractors. A small but very motivated RTD team was created and trained in construction procedures and standards, quality assurance, project management, materials management, and RTD's procurement and contracting procedures. This team, which included an operations superintendent, worked together, communicating and coordinating all activities to meet the priorities set by RTD's general manager to ensure that the objectives of safety, quality, budget, and operational effectiveness were achieved. As construction progressed, a larger integration/activation team evolved and a small operations start-up team was created. Operations, training, maintenance, safety certification, and staffing plans were developed, and operations personnel became involved in preparations for revenue start-up by participating in the integrated systems testing and activation. All equipment was tested, safety was certified, and revenue service was simulated to ensure that all LRT system elements functioned together to provide a safe, reliable, and efficient service. RTD's light rail system started revenue service on October 10, 1994. Typical of all new systems, the first few months were tests of flexibility and patience. It was a time of learning; adapting to equipment problems, customer needs, procedural problems, and training needs; and preparing for expansion and growth. By using the experienced professionals, technology, and innovations available, RTD has inaugurated a successful light rail system and now is looking to the future for further expansion.


In the paper the polynomials generated by differentiation of the composition of certain functions are discussed. New, as well as old exponential polynomials are presented here. New types of Dobinski's formula are also created. Moreover, a new kind of the reduction formulae for "the old" exponential polynomials is given.


The influence of increasing concentrations of calcium ions on the mixing properties of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidic acid (DMPA) with 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) ...


There exists a problem of instability in optimizing bandwidth by RCM(Reverse Cuthill-Mckee)algorithm in finite element analysis.Through systemic analysis on the algorithm,it is found that the key issue results from incomplete dependence on the topological relationship between the nodes during sequential arrangement.The instability of RCM algorithm is solved by increasing the column height sum as a new criterion for node sequential arrangement,on the base of considering layer and number of neighbor nodes as two old criterions.Via a real structure as an example,the stability of the modified RCM Algorithm is verified,an optimized scheme with less column height sum is achieved,and thus the goal is realized for saving computer memory and raising calculation efficiency.


This article focuses on the use of smart cards that are accepted by parking meters. It describes the experiences at the University of Maryland in implementing smart card technology for university parking programs.


Comparing the willingness of courts in post-apartheid South Africa to provide tort remedies for omissions on the part of public officials and institutions, especially when they have breached duties arising from fundamental rights, with the reticence characterising English law, this paper explores the contemporary divergence of two historically intertwined jurisdictions.The paper explains how, after an initial displacement of Roman-Dutch by English legal principles, the South African law of tort/delict gradually reverted to a civilian approach in respect of liability for failures by public authorities to safeguard people against physical injuries, and this prepared the way for a constitutionally-inspired expansion of state liability when the post-apartheid constitution entered the scene. The crucial role played by this 're-civilization' in facilitating and supporting the impact of the new constitutional dispensation becomes clear when this course of events is compared to the altogether more modest effects of the United Kingdom Human Rights Act, 1998 on English tort law. South Africa's greater willingness to impose liability in tort for omissions, a trait shared with the civil law tradition, both epitomises and partly explains its striking contemporary contrast with English law. In both jurisdictions attitudes deeply embedded in tort law interacted with the peculiarities of their newly enacted rights instruments in a process of mutual reinforcement and amplification. Taking our cue from popular music, we might say that South Africa's new constitutional dispensation brought about a 'remix', creating a new version of the original by altering the relationship among the existing components. The paper concludes that the complexity of the South African remix tends to hide its true character from view, and shows that this has resulted in this development being left unfinished and in danger of being killed off by ignorance.This is the final pre-print version of an article published in the Tulane European and Civil Law Forum, 2010.


Bobillier construction approach for the inflection circle of a four bar linkage is an easy and practical synthesis approach for approximate straight line linkages. Bobillier construction approach and its characteristics was introduced in detail. Two approximate straight line linkages were synthesized using this approach.


The service work of the reference room is an important component p ar t of the foreign language teaching and scientific research work in Foreign Langu ages Dept., the service quality of which has direct influence on the increase of teachers' teaching ability and scientific research level. This paper probes int o the effective ways for doing well the reader service work of the reference roo m of the Foreign Language Dept., from aspects of the construction of the literat ure resources, the development of the reading guidance work, the improvement of librarians' quality, and the construction of the environment of the reference ro om, etc.


Product Lead Time (PLT) is the period of time from receiving a customer's order to delivering the final product. PLT is an indicator of the manufacturing controllability, efficiency and performance. Due to the explosion in the rate of technological innovations and the rapid changes in the nature of manufacturing processes, manufacturing firms can bring the new products to market quicker only if they can reduce their PLT and speed up the rate at which they can design, plan, control, and manufacture. Although there is a substantial body of research on manufacturing relating to cost and quality issues, there is no much specific research conducted in relation to the formulation of PLT, despite its significance and importance. This paper analyzes and formulates PLT which can be used as a guideline for achieving the shorter PLT. Further more this paper identifies the causes of delay and factors that contributes to the increased product lead-time. Keywords—Manufacturing Control, Manufacturing Lead Time, Manufacturing Planning, Product Design, and Product Lead Time.


The aim of this study was to test the validity of Creemers' model of educational effectiveness in relation to different criteria of measuring effectiveness. It was also examined whether the variables "personality" and "thinking style" could be included in Creemers' model. Achievement in mathematics, Greek language, and affective aims of schooling were measured at the beginning and at the end of school year 2001 – 2002. Data on most of the variables included in Creemers' model were collected through external observations and questionnaires to students, teachers, and headteachers. Most of the variables of the model showed the expected effects, irrespective of the criterion used to measure effectiveness. The inclusion of the variables "personality" and "thinking style" significantly improves the explained percentage of achievement variation in each outcome measure. Implications for the development of both generic and differentiated models of educational effectiveness are drawn.


This research entitled The Supervision of Regional House of Representatives (DPRD) towards The implementation of Regional Regulation Number 1 of 2006 on State Regional Regulation in Central Maluku (Mollucas)
Regency focused on issues among others: mechanism of Regional House of Representatives supervision, obstacles facing and solution to overcome supervision obstacles towards the implementation of State Regional Regulation.
The writer was interested to that title due to he/she wished to know the performance of people represntatives (DPRD) who behave and on behalf of people and was also luxurious facilitated by people fund to conduct their supervision function towards the implementation of State Regional Regulation that so far conceived it did not run well.
 This research was aimed to examine and to analyze the machanism of Regional House of Representatives supervision towards the implementation of Regional Regulation Number 1 of 2006 on State Regional Regulation, to know obstacles facing by House of Representatives of Central Maluku in implementing supervision towards the implementation of State Regional Regulation and to seek solutions to overcome the obstacles. This was a normative research that used legislation and also examine them from democracy, decentralization, supervision theories and local wisdom.
 This research results showed that: (1) the mechanism of supervison conducted by DPRD towards the implementation of Regional Regulation Number 1 of 2006 on State Regional Regulation in Central Maluku had not been implemented well in its supervision functions, (2) inhibiting factors in supervision implementation by DPRD members of Central Maluku related to Central Maluku Regency region that was an archipelago so that it complicated transportation access and rather far control range among regions and was also not explicitly regulated by legislation on supervision mechanism conducted, (3) the efforts conducted by DPRD members of Central Maluku Regency towards inhibiting factors of implementation supervision function of Regional Regulation Number 1 of 2006 on state regional regulation namely by accepting inputs from the community both written and orally.


The article is devoted to the problems of academic mobility development in Russian high schools. The basic documents confirming the right of high schools to develop and carry out the academic mobility as one of directions of educational activity are revealed. The purposes, problems, forms, methods and means of academic mobility organization in high schools of Russia are resulted. The complex of work directions is presented, allowing to expand academic mobility of students.


Today's companies, especially large multinationals, are supposed to be financially successful in accordance with the shareholders' expectations, to operate in compliance with the requirements of sustainable development, taking into account the interests of future generations, as well as to act in a socially responsible manner, serving the interests of key stakeholders, including the interests of the community. In such circumstances, managers are expected to create enough value to satisfy all these interests. The adoption of Value-Based Management (VBM) approach has contributed to a better understanding of shareholders and managers and the alignment of their interests. In this paper, we analyze the compatibility of VBM with the requirements of other stakeholders, including the requirements regarding sustainability and corporate social responsibility. In this context, it could be said that a broader concept of VBM further enhances the interest-based logic behind the corporations' functioning, but at the same time it enables the integration of the requirements related to sustainability and corporate social responsibility.


Background: Maximal oxygen uptake ( V̇ O2max ) has important implications for current and future health in children. There is ongoing debate on how to express V̇ O2max in children and adolescents. Objectives: Are scaling factors di erent in obese and normal weight children and between genders? How does percentage fat in uence aerobic tness? Methods: 57 obese (30 girls) and 79 children of normal weight (38girls) in the age 7-17 years were include in the present study. V̇ O2max were measured during a treadmill running test, were both the incline and speed increased until subjects were exhausted. Body compositions were measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) or a Harpenden fat caliper. Allometric scaling factors were calculated using linear regression of log-transformed data. Results: Allometric scaling factors were 0.51 for obese girls, 0.53 for normal weight girls, 0.47 for obese boys and 0.27 for normal weight boys. Obese boys had almost the same allometric scaling factor (0.47) as girls, and normal weight boys (0.27) had the lowest scaling factor of all subjects. Conclusion: ndings in the present study demonstrate that use of mass exponent when comparing V̇ O2max in obese and normal weight children. It seems that percentage fat doesn't have a great in uence on children's V̇ O2max . The di erence between obese and normal weight children has to be due to other factors than percentage fat.


In the present paper, inhomogeneous cosmological model with electromagnetic field is obtained in the context of Lyra's Geometry. The metric potentials are functions of x and t both. We have assumed that F12 is the only non-vanishing component of electromagnetic field tensor Fij. To find the deterministic solution of line element we assume that B = C, C=f(x) g(t). It is observed that the model has a Barrel type singularity. Some physical and geometrical properties of the model are also discussed in the presence of electromagnetic field.


The following paper puts forward 45 combination schemes of different‐type pumps in different daily‐average heads and operation loads in Jiangdu Pumping Station. Based on every scheme, the minimum electricity consumption cost selected as the objective function, this paper gives the results of variable speed optimal operations with dynamic planning methods in both considering time‐sharing electricity prices and not, simultaneously, it gives the results of fixed speed conventional operation considering time‐sharing electricity prices. Then according to the unit energy consumption cost, the paper gives comparison analysis of the effect of different‐type pumps in variable speed optimization operation, the conclusions can offer decision‐making bases for optimization research of pumping stations considering time‐sharing electricity prices and tide levels of Yangtze River, and offer references for transformation and economical operation of large and medium‐size pumping stations.


The influence of parasitic elements such as wire bonding and ribbon connections on laser driver performances is analysed. In order to minimize parasitic effects, an interconnection geometry is suggested for a best module response. A simplified method based on the partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC) has been established to model and characterize the inductance of these parasitic elements. Analytical formulas easy to use in CAD applications are derived from the numerical results using the least square method.


This article presents a case study, and puts forth an approach to social justice work with young people, that impacts youth development, empathy, and social change by applying two social work models, Self-directed groupwork, and its model for stages of group development, along with concepts of expressive and instrumental social roles in groups. The personal growth for the youth was demonstrated by their increased confidence, greater academic interest, and more positive perceptions by teachers. Socially they exhibited heightened understanding of others, communication skills, and teamwork. The result for the community was seen in the social change skills they acquired and the project they implemented.


important that a user says a workshop on how to use a certain database was useful, and more important to note a subsequent rise in usage of the database following the workshop. This book was filled with these types of useful, focused tips and suggestions. Key to the success of this book are the exercises at the end of each chapter. The questions are thought provoking and are intended to be discussed with other members of the department/library. They provide a means for practical application of the material covered in the book and as a way of generating important conversations with colleagues. At the end of the book are some suggested answers for the questions posed in each chapter. This book is useful on many levels. Whether you are just starting an evaluative process for your library or library department, are looking to evaluate your evaluation processes, or would like some new ideas for ways to gather more meaningful statistics on how well your library is meeting its goals—or even in determining what those goals should be—this book will provide you with important tools and resources. Use it to set up a framework for an ongoing, comprehensive evaluation of your library or to assist in the evaluation of an individual, completed program. The writing is concise, terms are clearly defined, the information is presented logically, and the chapters are well organized with clear headings. This book will challenge you to think, and the exercises are an excellent way to facilitate discussion within your departments/libraries while reinforcing the collaborative work that is necessary for success.


The study of man's evaluation of the physical characteristics of perceived signals is important for many types of practical activity related to the reception and processing of information, in which the adequacy of the subjective assessment of the parameters of signals and their variations or, in other words, the adequacy of psychophysical scaling is of fundamental importance. Since the '20s and '30s, studies in this area have made up a considerable portion of the whole of experimental psycho-physics. Nevertheless, it is still unclear how the sensory process is organized in the subjective evaluation of signals and what determines the specifics of the activity of the observer as he deals with these tasks.


During the 1980s, American cinema underwent enormous transformations. Blockbusters like Raiders of the Lost Ark, E.T., and The Empire Strikes Back grabbed huge revenues for the studios. At the same time, the growth of home video led to new and creative opportunities for independent film production, resulting in many of the decade's best films. Both large- and small-scale filmmakers responded to the social, political, and cultural conditions of the time. The two-term presidency of Ronald Reagan spawned a new Cold War with the Soviet Union, which Hollywood film both embraced and critiqued. Also during this time, Hollywood launched a long-awaited cycle of films about the Vietnam War, exploring its impact both at home and abroad. But science fiction remained the era's most popular genre, ranging from upbeat fantasies to dark, dystopic visions. Bringing together original essays by ten respected scholars in the field, American Cinema of the 1980s examines the films that marked the decade, including Ordinary People, Body Heat, Blade Runner, Zelig, Platoon, Top Gun, Aliens, Blue Velvet, RoboCop, Fatal Attraction, Die Hard, Batman, and sex, lies & videotape. Stephen Prince is a professor of communication at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and the author of Screening Violence (Rutgers University Press), and Classical Film Violence (Rutgers University Press), among many publications in film and media studies. A volume in the Screen Decades: American Culture/American Cinema series, edited by Lester D. Friedman and Murray Pomerance


The Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE), the Final Act of which was signed at Helsinki in August 1975 by 33 European countries and the United States and Canada, was treated in many early commentaries as a discrete and essentially competitive event to be analysed in terms of who won. This approach has not proved very productive, and the more recent tendency has been to focus attention on the provisions of the Final Act as a yardstick against which actions of the participating states can be judged. The follow-up meeting of the 35 this year at Belgrade will further emphasize this aspect of the question, and it is likely to remain of importance thereafter. For the Belgrade meeting is a reminder that the CSCE should not be analysed only in static terms: the Final Act notes the resolve of the participating states "to continue the multilateral process initiated by the Conference" and provides that they should at Belgrade inter alia "define the appropriate modalities for the holding of other meetings." It seems probable that the CSCE will remain in some way or other part of the European security picture, and thus appropriate to ask what it may be able to contribute. To the extent that East-West negotiations are seen as a zero-sum game, the CSCE can do little but serve as an arena and scoreboard for the contest as it develops. There would seem little point in continuing it for this purpose, and the process may be better viewed as a means of testing a more optimistic hypothesis: that there is a possibility of mutual gain; and that a multilateral framework, comprising the neutrals and nonaligned as well as the members of the two alliances, offers a useful means of identifying and building upon the common ground. This in turn requires that each participant should feel reasonably confident that the process will not be exploited by others in a way which would be damaging to its security; and it seems clear that this essential element of confidence cannot at present be taken for granted. On the Western side, there is still much concern about Soviet intentions. Western Europe can be said to have three main politico-military options: to continue to rely for its security on the alliance with the United States; to substitute for the American commitment an increased defense effort of its own; or to accept and adapt to the fact of Soviet military preponderance. The text of the 1966


Breast cancer detection is still complex and challenging problem. Diagnosis of cancer tissues in mammograms is a time consuming task even for highly skilled radiologists as it contains low signal to noise ratio and a complicated structured background. Therefore, in digital mammogram there is still a need to enhance imaging, where enhancement in medical imaging is the use of computers to make image clearer. Studies show that relying on pure naked-eye observation of experts to detect such diseases can be prohibitively slow and inaccurate in some cases. Providing automatic, fast, and accurate imageprocessing-and artificial Intelligence-based solutions for that task can be of great realistic significance. This paper discusses about different techniques used to scans the whole mammogram and performs filtering, segmentation, features extraction.


1ME-Power Electronics and Drives, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Government College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil nadu, India 2Associate Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Government College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil nadu, India ----------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract In this project, a new configuration of Multilevel Inverter (MLI) topology based on modified H-bridge seven level inverter is proposed, which can produce more voltage level with reduced number of switches when compared with cascaded H-bridge topology. In proposed MLI topology, only eight switches are required to generate seven level output, whereas twelve switches are required for conventional cascade H-bridge topology. Moreover, to resolve problems related to dc source fluctuations with Solar Photovoltaic, the Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) technique is developed. The switching losses, voltage stress on power devices and cost are reduced due to less number of switches. Further, Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of load current less than 2% is achieved with small size low pass filter. Simulation results has been done in MATLAB and to validate the feasibility and performance of seven level Multilevel Inverter hardware setup has been developed. The PIC Microcontroller is used to produce gate signals based on SPWM technique for the gates of the MOSFET switches. The results are verified experimentally with seven level Multilevel Inverter circuit for 10 W Solar Panel with resistive load.


Objective: We describe a rare case of non-HIV/AIDS related cryptococcal neurological infection with a very unusual presentation in the form of a radiculopathy. Background Cryptococcal Neurological infections have been well described in patients who are immunocompromised secondary to HIV/AIDS but less well described in patients immunocompromised secondary to other etiologies. Design/Methods: Our patient is was a 70 year old right handed man with myelodysplastic syndrome, on chemotherapy and platelet transfusion-dependent who presented with acute onset of left leg weakness. Seven days prior to presentation he developed numbness and tingling in his left leg following a fall, which progressed over an hour into left lower extremity weakness with inability to ambulate without a walker. Also, he had intermittent diffuse headache and episodic confusion. On neurological examination, his left lower extremity power was (3/5), absent left patellar reflex, diminished sensation in the left lower extremity below the knee. He underwent a head CT, MRI of the cervical, thoracic and lumbar spine were significant for degenerative changes of the vertebra most prominent at C3-C4, a small posterior disc bulge T8-T9 with no cord compression and pelvic MRI which was negative for retroperitoneal hemorrhage; a normal EEG; EMG was consistent with a subacute left high lumbar through L4 radiculopathy with active denervation. CSF analysis revealed a lymphocytoc pleocytosis with low glucose (16) and elevated protein (146) with 2+ yeast on gram stain and he was initiated on ambisome for presumed fungal meningitis. Serum cryptococcal antigen was negative. CSF cryptococcal antigen was positive with a titer of 1:4096. Results: Our patient was discharged on long-term ambisome infusions with little recovery in the function of his left leg. Conclusions: Cryptococcal neurological infections need to be considered in patients with other underlying immunocompromised states besides HIV/AIDS so that appropriate therapy can be instituted in a timely manner. Disclosure: Dr. Goldstein has nothing to disclose. Dr. Dangayach has nothing to disclose. Dr. Riley has received personal compensation for activities with Allergan, Ipsen, Lundbeck, Merz and Teva as a consultant.Dr. Riley has received research support from Cleveland Medical Devices.


Objective To observe the curative effect of chronic nephritis which deficiency type of both Qi and Yin and study the therapy mechanism. Methods 61 cases of patients were randomly divided into two groups. Compared with control group, therapy group was treated with herbs besides bromatotherapy and control blood pressure. To observe 24 h urinary volume and quantitative proteinuria, urinary red blood cell count, serum creatinine ( SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum albumin. Results In therapy group, 24 h urinary volume and quantitative proteinuria, urinary RBC count were improved. There was significantly difference contrast to control group (P0.01), and SCr and BUN were decreased (P0.05). Before and after treat in therapy group, 24 h urinary volume and quantitative proteinuria, urinary RBC count, SCr and BUN also had significantly difference (P0.01). Conclusion In base of bromatotherapy and control blood pressure, treated with syndrome differentiation by herbs of reinforcing Qi nourishing Yin in chronic nephritis of deficiency type of both Qi and Yin could improve the curative effect. it had an important significance of preventing and delaying kidney failure.


Accounting policy is the basis of producing accounting information.It is very necessary and important to control the accounting policy choices of listed companies because of the uncompleted market,agency costs,information asymmetric and external in reality.The theory and practice of the accounting policy choices is an important research topic because the regulation of accounting policy choices was strengthened from 1930.This paper firstly analyzes literature about the accounting policy choices regulation in world,retrospects the practice of accounting policy choices regulation from 1990 and lastly offers the suggestion about the research of the accounting policy choices regulation in China.


This paper introduced the basic situation of Xiaolangdi Reservoir operation,analyzed the impacts of reservoir operation to the surrounding water environment,geological and ecological environment.The results show that,Xiaolangdi project plays a significant comprehensive benefits,a reasonable method of ecological operation can reduce the adverse effects to the minimum level,meanwhile the positive impact holds a dominant position.


All-dielectric resonant micro-and nanostructures emerge as a promising platform, which can complement the metal-based counterparts in routine biosensing measurements based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). However, lack of in-situ temperature control limits performance of nanostructures for precise SERS-based applications. Here, we present an approach for SERS measurement with simultaneous temperature control and employ Raman spectroscopy to mapping of temperature-dependent Raman signal distribution. We attest a chemically inert black silicon (b-Si) substrate for a non-invasive (chemically non-perturbing) SERS identification of the molecular fingerprints at low concentrations. Additional studies of the slow daylight-driven para-aminothiophenol (PATP)-to-4,4'-dimercaptoazobenzene (DMAB) catalytic conversion in the aqueous methanol solution loaded with colloidal silver nanoparticles confirm the non-invasive SERS performance of the all-dielectric crystalline b-Si substrate. Proposed SERS substrates can be fabricated using easy-to-implement scalable technology of plasma etching making such inexpensive all-dielectric substrates promising for routine SERS applications, where the temperature-feedback and the noninvasiveness are of mandatory importance.


Currently the increase in fuel costs and the need to reduce Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions have encouraged the search for even more efficient solutions to be adopted in energy conversion systems for ship installations. These systems generally include thermal prime movers consisting mainly of two-stroke or four-stroke diesel engines, a waste heat recovery (WHR) plant, a steam turbine and possibly a gas turbine, as well as electric machinery. These components may be used in various ways and through different plant configurations, whose optimization is under investigation by researchers and diesel engine manufacturers. In this paper four schemes of ship propulsion plants, using a two-stroke diesel engine equipped with waste heat recovery system are presented, analysed and compared by simulation. Some of the considered layouts can include also an electric motor to support the main engine in providing power to the propeller. On the other hand the electric power can be generated from both the diesel generators and the WHR plant. The considered propulsion plant schemes are compared in order to identify the configuration that meets in the best way the request of propulsive, electrical and thermal power of a 158000 dead weight tonnes (DWT) crude oil tanker ship, belonging to the Premuda Company, taken as a reference unit in this study. The comparison is carried out taking into account the payback time of the installation, the annual saving in the fuel outlay and the CO2 emissions. This last parameter is considered through the evaluation of the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI).


Berger-Tal O, Greggor A, Macura B, Adams CA, Blumenthal CA, Bouskila A, Candolin U, Doran C, Fernández-Juricic E, Gotanda K, et al. 2019. Systematic reviews and maps as tools for applying behavioral ecology to management and policy. Behav Ecol. 30:1–8. Borah R, Brown AW, Capers PL, Kaiser KA. 2017. Analysis of the time and workers needed to conduct systematic reviews of medical interventions using data from the PROSPERO registry. BMJ Open. 7:e012545. Collaboration for Environmental Evidence. 2013. Guidelines for systematic review and evidence synthesis in environmental management. Version 4.2. Environ. Evid. Haby MM, Chapman E, Clark R, Barreto J, Reveiz L, Lavis JN. 2016. What are the best methodologies for rapid reviews of the research evidence for evidence-informed decision making in health policy and practice: a rapid review. Health Res Policy Syst. 14:83. Ihle M, Winney IS, Krystalli A, Croucher M. 2017. Striving for transparent and credible research: practical guidelines for behavioral ecologists. Behav Ecol. 28:348–354. Nakagawa S, Noble DWA, Senior AM, Lagisz M. 2017. Meta-evaluation of meta-analysis: ten appraisal questions for biologists. BMC Biol. 15:1–14. Parker TH, Griffith SC, Bronstein JL, Fidler F, Foster S, Fraser H, Forstmeier W, Gurevitch J, Koricheva J, Seppelt R, et al. 2018. Empowering peer reviewers with a checklist to improve transparency. Nat Ecol Evol. 2:929–935. Simmons LW. 2017. Guidelines for transparency and openness (TOP). Behav Ecol. 28:347. Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA, and mSchool of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia


Anatomical models for learning dental anatomy Naira B. B. da Silva (EM), Tamires S.Pereira (EM), Felipe S. Santiago (EM), Cristiano Manoel (PQ), Paulo H. F. Caria (PQ). Abstract Knowledge of tooth morphology and function is essential of dental practice. Anatomical and morphological characteristics of human dentition are presented in preclinical Dental course. To teach dental anatomy is used natural tooth specimens combined by manufacturing drawings and progressive teeth sculpture. However, many dental structures are not well recognized as well as their function understandable due to its small size. The purpose of this study was build macro models of teeth in plaster to facilitate observation and understanding the function of anatomical elements of teeth. After built macro models to teach dental anatomy its learning efficiency were evaluated in two class of students (N = 160).


Abstract A general non-dimensional mathematical model of cooling towers is improved by including evaporation of water. The solution still consists of adjusting the assumed straight air-saturation line to the real air-saturation data, but a new constant (H) is added as well. Two solutions are proposed and the accuracy of each method is checked against data from the literature and also compared with the original solution. The first method shows a maximum decrease of 4.4 per cent in error, whereas in the second method, the maximum error was found to be 3.3 and 6.8 per cent when the inlet air was unsaturated and saturated, respectively.


The Xihanshui river is in the south of Qinling Mountains.In the upstream of the river,there is a loess area of 2 350 km\+2,being a major sediment yielding area in Jialing river basin.Since the execution of "Soil-water conservation project in middle and upstream area of Yangtze" from the end of 1980s,large-scale soil-water harnessing works was carried out in the major sediment yielding area of the Xihanshui river basin,up to 1996,the harnessed area amounted to 40% of the total soil-water loss area.The measures of soil-water conservation had played an important role in controlling the soil-water losses in the Jialing river basin.Taking the Shunlixia hydrometric station in the upstream of the river as a major analysis point and based on the measured data,this paper analyses the empirical models of precipitation-runoff and precipitation-sediment of upper Xihanshui basin under the natural condition and the variation of discharge and sediment after the execution of soil-water conservation measures in the region.


The discount rate is what allows determining the current value, discounting the expected payments with future maturity to the profitability, offered by the equivalent alternative investments available in the capital market, also called capital opportunity cost. The objective of this article lies in the proposal of a procedure for the selection of the discount rate in the financial evaluation of investment projects in the food sector; which allows quantifying the expected return and the risk assumed by the shareholders or investors for said investment. To achieve this objective, it is proposed to adapt to the Cuban reality the capital asset valuation model developed by William Sharpe; which will facilitate estimating the results in the preinvestment phase of the projects.


Current models of innovation development assume cooperation between multiple entities. The inclusion of consumers is treated as an essential condition for the effective marketability of innovative solutions. Innovations that start with understanding of the current behavior of target customers have a much greater chance of success. Therefore, satisfying the needs of a customer is no longer the primary objective of a company. It is the search for opportunities and ways of enriching the lives of consumers by goods and services which are co-created by them. An important aspect is also the current trend of product-centric firms, which in order to remain competitive in the market, add services to their portfolio, which requires a greater focus on service innovation for all kinds of companies. The objective of the paper is to present the concept of the Consumer Voice and to present and analyze research methods that enable active involvement of the consumer into the process of searching and creating ideas for innovative products. The products are classically understood as "anything that can be offered to a market to satisfy a need or a want" – so by products authors mean both tangible goods and services, with a special emphasis on services. The paper uses the methods of literature review, case study analysis and synthesis. There are 2 case studies presented and analyzed. The conclusion is that companies that properly use VOC research methods are successful on the market, which has been confirmed by the conducted case studies analysis. This conclusion is based on literature research and presented case study analysis.


Infrared absorption due to a collective excitation of a two-dimensional electronic gas was observed in GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs multiple-quantum wells when the incident light is polarized parallel to the quantum-well plane. We attribute this phenomenon to a plasma oscillation in the quantum wells. The measured wavelength of the absorption peak due to the plasma oscillation agrees with our theoretical analysis. In addition, in this study the plasma-phonon coupling effect is also fitted to the experimental result. We show that the absorption is not related to the intersubband transitions but to the intrasubband transition, which originates from a plasma oscillation.


We describe a simple linear filtering technique for transforming individual femtosecond light pulses into terahertzrepetition-rate bursts of femtosecond pulses. By using phase-only filtering, high efficiency is achieved. Pulse repetition rates approaching 6 THz are obtained.


In this paper, we study the joint source-channel coding of object-based video, and propose a data hiding scheme that improves the video error resilience by adaptively embedding the shape and motion information in the texture data. Within a rate-distortion theoretical framework, the source coding, channel coding, data embedding, and decoder error concealment are jointly optimized based on the knowledge of transmission channel conditions. The problem is solved using Lagrangian relaxation and dynamic programming. Experimental results indicate that the proposed hybrid source-channel coding scheme significantly outperforms methods without data hiding or unequal error protection


Abstract The present article, which is a revised version of part of [Hu1], deals with various relations between models which might serve as exact formulations for the vague concept "similar" or "almost isomorphic". One natural class of such formulations is equivalence in a given logic. Another way to express similarity is by potential isomorphism, i.e., isomorphism in some extension of the set-theoretic universe. The class of extensions may be restricted to give different notions of potential isomorphism. A third method is to study the winning strategies for an Ehrenfeucht-Fraïssé-game played between the two models, and the properties of the resulting equivalence and nonequivalence trees. The basic question studied here is whether one such notion of similarity implies another. Some implications and counterexamples listed in this part are previously known or trivial, but all are mentioned for completeness' sake. Only models of cardinality ℵ1 are considered. Some results are therefore connected with the Continuum Hypothesis.


In this paper, we evaluate different lexico-syntactic patterns in regard to their usefulness for ontology building. Each pattern is analysed individually to determine its respective probability to return the hyponymy relation. We also create different ontologies according to this accuracy criteria to show how it influences the resulting ontology. Using patterns with a success rate over 80% leads to an approximate accuracy of 77% in the final ontology.


Background: Obstetric hemorrhage is one of the most important causes of maternal mortality. Severe postpartum hemorrhage is known to raise the mortality rate. There is a higher incidence of death from obstetric hemorrhage in developing countries as opposed to developed countries Objective: To emphasize the role of interventional radiology in the management of obstetric and gynaecological haemorrhage in under developed countries like Pakistan. Methods: The retrospective data of all patients requiring pelvic artery embolization for the control of pelvic hemorrhage was studied at Ziauddin University Hospital during the period from April 2011 to June 2014. Main outcome measure was the effectiveness to control hemorrhage. Technical success was defined as the cessation of bleeding on the post embolization angiogram and cessation of vaginal bleeding at speculum inspection performed immediately after PAE. Clinical success was said when the bleeding stopped completely after the first course of PAE and no additional PAE or surgery was required. Results: A total of 13 patients underwent pelvic artery embolization (PAE) during this period. Five patients had primary postpartum haemorrhage (PPH), in which 3 patients had PPH after caesarean sections, one due to uterine atony secondary to t riplets delivery, second had placenta praevia and third had placenta accreta. Two patients had uterine rupture, one following the normal vaginal delivery & other had previous 2 caesarean sections, uterine scar ruptured at 28 weeks of gestation. Two patients had secondary PPH, one due to uterine artery pseudo aneurysms after caesarean section and other had normal vaginal delivery. Six patients underwent pelvic artery embolization due to gynaecological cause i.e. heavy menstrual bleeding & pain secondary to fibroids. One patient had total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingoopherectomy due to fibroids but she continued to have bleeding from vaginal vault .Laparotomy was done twice but she continued to bleed so finally underwent pelvic arterial embolization after which bleeding stopped. All patients underwent selecti ve embolization of the uterine artery or


Even when the ICT industry in the Slovak Republic has been one of few industries in which the employment has grown last years, the socio and economic regional disparities in Slovak regions influence an economic development in Slovak Republic (further SR). The purpose of this study is to analyze clusters from the 8 regions in the Slovak republic in terms of the ICT sector. The paper deals with the problem of socio-economic disparities in the Slovak Republic and their impact on the development of the ICT sector. Through hierarchical clustering and Cophenetic Correlation Coefficient the socio-economic regional disparities and their impact on the ICT sector in SR have been researched. Based on the research results and findings, the impact of regional disparities on the ICT sector has been evaluated. Keywords—ICT sector, Regional Economy, Regional Disparities, Cluster analysis, Cophenetic Correlation Coefficient


9529 Background: Delirium is the most frequent neuro-psychiatric complication in patients with advanced cancer. The frequency of DR and its impact on P and CG distress level are not well understood. Method: In this exploratory study, we included inpatient with advanced cancer who completely recovered from an acute delirium episode within 3 days (Memorial Delirium Assessment Scale <13), and their CG who were at bedside during delirium. The Delirium Experience Questionnaire was conducted in P. In addition, we assessed recall of specific delirium symptoms and related distress in P, CG, bedside nurse (RN) and palliative care specialist (PCS). Results: A total of 99 P/CG dyads participated in the study. Delirium subtype included hypoactive (20%), hyperactive (13%) and mixed (67%). DR in 99 patients included confusion (73%), time disorientation (58%), psychomotor agitation (56%), space disorientation (53%), delusion (33%) and hallucinations (visual 51%, auditory 18%, and tactile 12%). There was significant univ...


Flexible and composite structures often develop hidden damages, e.g. cracks or delamination between laminae or phases. Such events could be sensed through embedded structural health monitoring (SHM) systems, but past experimental studies in the literature proved that embedding sensors for SHM purposes may decrease the reliability of the structure, as the sensor acts as an inclusion. In former studies, the authors proposed to adopt a surface-mounted SHM approach based on inertial MEMS (micro electro-mechanical systems) sensors, which has two advantages: it is low cost and also it avoids the afore-mentioned detrimental effects on the endurance limit state of the structure. However, the low accuracy of the MEMS sensors and the type of response that they can measure may hinder an effective monitoring of the structural state; this can be overcome through redundancy and an efficient sensor placement. In this article, an automated approach is discussed for obtaining the optimal topology of a sparse MEMS sensor network. In this regard, the scenarios are assumed unknown in terms of extent and location of stiffness degradation due to damage. The optimal sensor locations are obtained via maximization of the global sensitivity of the measurements to damage. The method can be also implemented in a multi-scale framework, to efficiently handle (micro) sensors, (meso) damaged regions and (macro) structural components of (by far) different sizes. Data related to composite specimens and panels are discussed, with the aim of assessing the identifiability of damage through self-adapting theoretical/numerical (digital) twins of the monitored structures.


In recent years, software development outsourcing has become even more complex. Outsourcing partner have begun're-outsourcing' components of their projects to other outsourcing companies to minimize cost and gain efficiencies, creating a multi-level hierarchy of outsourcing. This research in progress paper presents preliminary findings of a study designed to understand knowledge transfer effectiveness of multi-level software development outsourcing projects. We conceptualize the SD-outsourcing entities using the Agency Theory. This study conceptualizes, operationalises and validates the concept of Knowledge Transfer as a three-phase multidimensional formative index of 1) Domain knowledge, 2) Communication behaviors, and 3) Clarity of requirements. Data analysis identified substantial, significant differences between the Principal and the Agent on two of the three constructs. Using Agency Theory, supported by preliminary findings, the paper also provides prescriptive guidelines of reducing the friction between the Principal and the Agent in multi-level software outsourcing. on outsourcing level 2 and it discusses the effective knowledge transfer factors of the outsourcing process from Principal–L2 to Agent-L2 of the outsourcing partner 1. The preliminary survey was conducted at outsourcing partner 1 as an exploratory exercise designed to elicit knowledge transfer perspectives of; 1) Principle-L2: Business Analysts, Senior Business Analysts, Business Consultants and Senior Business Consultants, 2) Agents-L2: Software Engineers, Senior Software Engineers, Tech Leads, Tech Specialists and Software Architects.


Drawing upon Smith's [16] participation theory, it is proposed that consumers who complain are also very likely to be active in other areas of social, economic and political life. The relationship between consumer complaining behavior and political and citizen participation is investigated in this paper. Using data from a 1980 survey of Pennsylvania adults, it was found that complaining behavior was significantly related to community involvement in a multivariate analysis in which other key variables were controlled. Implications are explored for both consumer education and the study of consumer complaining behavior.


Recently, some conservative members of the National Assembly pushed a new proposal for regulating online games, because negative aspects of the game are being emphasized. It is needed to try to make good games that exert a good influence on game users. This paper proposes the new game design of a Bible Smart Phone Game for Sunday school. To support this idea, the play system of popular running games is used for fun, and players are quizzed about sunday school lesson for education. Also, we made a game prototype of this Bible Game in android platform.


The Fermi-Dirac (FD) and Bose-Einstein (BE) integrals were applied to a quantum system to estimate the density of particles and relaxation time in some magnetic alloys at low temperatures. An integral part in the energy equations of vibrations (phonons), spin waves (magnons), and electrons was mathematically treated. Comparison between theoretical and experimental results gave good semi-empirical relations and some physical constants.


This disclosure relates to a fermentation broth formulation, and the dosage form manufacture and how to use the water containing the organic acid and / or organic acid salt.


Abstract-  This study aims to analyze the effect of price and promotion on the sales level of Pizza Hut in the Covid-19 era. This research is a basic research to fill the research gap in sales level studies. two hypotheses and tested using data collected from 150 respondents of pizza hut customers. This research is driven by the Covid-19 pandemic which has brought a downturn for companies in marketing products produced by these companies, especially companies in the field of food and beverage. Researchers use quantitative research with multiple linear regression analysis techniques to analyze how much influence the independent variables interact with. dependent variable. Researchers found that the variable that had the most significant influence on Pizza Hut sales in the Covid-19 era was promotion. The decline in Pizza Hut prices did have an effect on the increase in Pizza Hut sales but the effect was not too significant. This is due to the intense price competition to attract consumers' attention in this pandemic. Thus, it is evident that the Pizza Hut promotion strategy by attracting public sympathy can increase sales in the Covid-19 era.Keywords: price, promotion, sales level, covid-19


Urinary tract infections (UTIs) often are diagnosed in older hospitalized patients. Sometimes, presumed UTI is the reason for admission; sometimes, it


Abstract : This report describes enhancements made to the CSC meteor burst model in 1985 and presents and analyzes the effects of the enhancements on model results. The enhancements made include the effects of: overdense bursts, transverse resonance, burst formation, atmospheric refraction, ionospheric absorption, shower meteors and the earth's gravitational effect on meteor radiants. Keywords included: Meteor Burst communications, Absorption (PCA), Airborne terminals, Overdense bursts, Shower meteors, and Physical modeling.


Since the inception of Operation Gatekeeper along the U.S.–Mexico border, there has been an increase in environmental impacts on the Cleveland National Forest, in eastern San Diego County, California. This is almost certainly due to an increase in the number of undocumented immigrants using the area as a gateway to the interior of the United States. In this research, we use the tools of geographic information systems (GIS) to measure the scope and extent of this impact, focusing on the creation of illegal trails and the impact of illegal campsites and campfires on the environment of the Descanso Ranger District within the national forest. Our findings suggest that between the start of Operation Gatekeeper in late 1994 and the end of the study period in 1999, there were 772 meters of new trail created per 1,000 unauthorized immigrants, accompanied by 656 square meters of area disturbed per 1,000 immigrants, fifty kilograms of litter left behind per 1,000 immigrants, eleven illegal campfires per 1,000 immigrants, and 1.7 hectares burned by wildfires attributed to illegal immigrants.


As soon as I see the terms automation and optimization linked to productivity and patient outcomes, I prepare for some challenging philosophies. Follow this with the assertion that financial competitiveness depends on implementation of an automated and robotic clinical laboratory, then I become distinctly worried. My worry is that focusing on the efficiency of the analytical process loses sight of the fact that pathology is a clinical subject, and this focus may be detrimental to patient diagnosis and management-and all of this contention arises in the preface!! If I were a picky individual, I would also question the title of the book in relation to the context and the declared objectives ofthe editor 'to assemble a comprehensive handbook that would meet the future needs of medical diagnosis, from basic science to bedside'. Clinical automationpardon, robotics--GK, optimization-of what? and a handbook to boot. So let's agree the title is, maybe, misleading-what about the content? In fact, it is extremely informative and very challenging in part, albeit rather lacking in evidence to support the thesis advanced in the preface. Automation in this book is used to describe the formalization of any element of the process or activity in laboratory medicine into a machine operation from the assembling of the question, through preparation of analytical devices, analytical equipment, sample and information transfer, to information gathering and interpretation. Given the breadth of the definition, the book splits into two sections dealing with, on the one hand the concepts and logic of process engineering and design and on the other hand with the hardware. The discussion on hardware ranges from a rather incomplete description of current concepts and examples of automation through to the exciting, sometimes staggering, innovation that may impact on the analytical and information sciences in laboratory medicine in the future. The idea of an immunoassay performed in a total volume of 4 JlL with a detection limit


towards successful treatment. The role of new and advanced procedures like laparoscopy needs to be established for evaluation of infertility in order to get benefit of this procedure. Diagnostic laparoscopy is the standard method proceeded as the ultimate test in the infertility work up before advancing to infertility treatment. A number of researches have shown that diagnostic laparoscopy is an effective procedure for assessment of long standing infertility. Laparoscopy reports unusual findings in 21.68% of cases and can be used for work up of the various reasons of female infertility. One of the key health problems among women affecting the quality of their life is infertility. It leads to social and psychological upsets and is a major cause of depression along with a sense of insecurity to many couples. An abundance of research on genital tuberculosis (GTB) causing infertility around the world is available, with numerous studies have been conducted in low-pay ABSTRACT:


Occupational skin diseases among dental health personnel, particularly involving the hands, have been an issue in recent years. Dental personnel come into contact with (meth)acrylate, which can cause skin irritation as well as contact allergy. In addition, they frequently wash their hands and use natural rubber latex (NRL) gloves, increasing their susceptibility to hand dermatitis. We surveyed the staff members of a university dental college and hospital.


A learning algorithm based on the state superposition principle is presented. The theoretical analysis shows that the needed fundamental transformations to realize this algorithm are the same as those needed in the Grover algorithm and are within current state-of-the-art technology. The simulated experiment shows that the quantum learning algorithm can help robots to learn faster and to become more intelligent.


Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to the admittance spectra of a single quartz-crystal microbalance (QCM) in contact with a liquid phase for the first time. Fifteen characteristic parameters on the admittance locus were selected as different measurement channels. Four eigenvectors were obtained, which represent directions and magnitudes of factors affecting the QCM responses, including mass loading, viscous coupling, liquid permittivity and conductivity changes. These effects were also successfully separated and displayed as different trends in eigenvector plots. Using copper deposition and glycerol solutions a reference system was built to distinguish contributions from mass loading and viscous coupling in a specific process. By observing the position and the direction of the unknown process in this reference system, much information concerning its nature was obtained. The proposed method was found to be more advantageous than qualitative comparisons of height and width of the conductance peak in normal methods. This new method was used to investigate different behaviours of Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) films depositing onto the QCM above and below the critical temperature (Tc). The adsorption of surfactant onto quartz crystal was also studied.


Cover title. "February 1970." Includes bibliographical references (p. 10). Also available on the World Wide Web. Also available in microfilm under: State agricultural papers.


Objective To analysis proteins expressed by dermal papillae cells in aggregative character. Methods Endochylema proteins of passage 3 and 10 dermal papillae cells were extracted and subjected to two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and were compared using coomassie brilliant blue G250 stained gel images with PDQuest image analysis software. Protein spots were digested and analyzed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry,and were identified based on the NCBI database by a peptide mass finger printing method. Results The good 2-DE images were got. The image analysis showed that there were 608±39 and 595±31 protein spots in passage 3 and 10 dermal papillae cells,respectively. Comparative proteomic analysis showed 24 protein spots were differentially expressed. 17 protein spots had good pectrum and matched with 15 known proteins. Database searching revealed that these proteins were connected with metabolism,signal transduction,apoptosis and protein synthesis. Conclusion The protein expression model was related to the aggregative growth.


Research Objectives to find out and measure how employee performance appraisal systems at PT. JTEKT Karawang West Java The methodology of writing uses qualitative descriptive involving all employees of PT JTEKT Karawang West Java by using random sampling with proportional random sampling of 50 employees Data collection techniques through questionnaires in support the documentation method while the data analysis technique is based on the employee performance appraisal system in accordance with the standards set by the company, using future-oriented methods, namely self assessment and evaluation by superiors. The results of the employee performance assessment will be used as material consideration in determining bonuses and increasing levels / employees Keywords : Employees, Policy ,Performance and asessment


Introduction In-vitro studies are required to predict the outcomes of in-vivo studies. Reliability of simulation protocols used in in-vitro test is an indication for its creditability. Up to our knowledge, no in-vitro method is yet available based on which resin material discoloration can be assessed with a high degree of sensitivity and specificity. Likely, there will never be a single laboratory test or a collection of tests that will accurately predict the clinical performance on specific materials. This, however, should not be an excuse for not improving and validating the laboratory test methods. Purpose To evaluate the effect of two different simulation protocol using the same discoloring agents and effect of brushing on color stability of heat cure acrylic resin denture base. Materials and Methods One hundred twenty heat cure acrylic resin disk samples, all were exposed to coffee, roselle, and cigarette smoke for a simulation period representing three months: half of samples were immersed in simulation mediums continuously without artificial saliva. Group A, the other half was exposed to simulation mediums and artificial saliva in a term of cycle repeated daily. Group B, each half was subdivided into two subgroups, one subgroup was brushed with soft toothbrush under water (A2, B2) while the other subgroup was rinsed with water (A1, B1). Color measurement was conducted by portable spectrophotometer. Results Statistically significant difference between the four subgroups, the highest color change was reported for subgroup (A1) followed by subgroups (A2, B1, B2) in order. Conclusion Simulation protocol in term of a cycle repeated daily is more representative to the oral cavity than continuous protocol, patients must be instructed to perform hygienic procedures daily to maintain the denture esthetics.