The morphing aircraft can obtain the best aerodynamic characteristics by changing its shape in order to adapt to the current mission and environment. In this paper, a non-affine parameter-dependent linear variable parameter (LPV) system model of a morphing aircraft whose wingspan and sweep angle can be changed is used as the object. First, the linear fractional form (LFR) is used to design an integral sliding mode that converges in a finite time. Then, the fuzzy switching gain adjustment method is introduced to eliminate the interference items and uncertain items in the nonlinear system. The simulation results show that the method can ensure the stability of the variant process in the presence of large disturbances and uncertainties. This controller design method has universal adaptability to LPV system.


A study was conducted in cooperation with NASA, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, to determine if normal incubation of fertile eggs of Japanese quail could occur in microgravity. Our role was to examine the eggshells using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to establish whether normal calcium loss had occurred. Based on a previous baseline study with Japanese quail, we predicted that the earliest calcium loss from mammillary cones of shells would be at 12 d of incubation. There were 5 experimental groups in the NASA study. The eggs of all groups were incubated at 37 to 37.5° C and turned hourly. Eggs in groups 1 and 2 were incubated in space in an Avian Development Facility (ADF) unit aboard the Orbiter Endeavour flight STS-108 for 12 days. Group 1 was in 0 g; group 2 was spun in a centrifuge at 1 g. Groups 3 and 4 were incubated in the ground control laboratory in an ADF unit. Group 3 was stationary at 1 g, while group 4 was spun vertically in a centrifuge, resulting in variable force from 0 to 2 g. Group 5 was incubated on Earth in a standard laboratory incubator. The incubation was interrupted at days 4, 7, and 12 in each of the test groups. The day 4 and 7 shells were injected with 4% paraformaldehyde in 50 Mm Cacodylate buffer, pH 7.4 to terminate incubation. Incubation of day 12 eggs was terminated by opening the shells; no preservative was used. Eggshell samples from each group were treated with 6% sodium hypochlorite for removal of shell membranes. The SEM examination revealed that calcium loss had occurred in some mammillary cones from each group, regardless of treatment or length of incubation. Fixative most likely played a role in the dissolution of Ca from the mammillary cones of shells from embryos incubated for 4 and 7 d. An ash analysis of the Ca content of the day 12 shells obtained from live embryos showed no significant difference among treatment groups. These results indicate that embryos incubated in microgravity for 12 d utilized Ca from the shell during development.


Here we devise a novel kind of parametric micro-resonators adopting monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides as quadratic nonlinear materials, showing that they are free of phase-matching requirements owing to their surface-like nonlinear interaction.


Abstract : The Navy requires an understanding of how markers of stress relate to marine mammal health. This information will inform Navy environmental stewardship efforts and will guide decision making regarding Navy actions with the potential to affect the health of wild marine mammal populations. The research program reported here aids our understanding of how the stress response operates in marine mammals by evaluating markers of stress in a captive dolphin population. It determines baseline levels of putative stress hormones and evaluates the functional consequences of increased stress in the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) through the assessment of non-traditional biochemical markers.


To be able to describe experimentally observed deviations in the initial yield surface from the von Mises ellipse as well as translation, rotation and distortion of a subsequent yield surface, a function of the second and third invariants of the translated deviator stress tensor was proposed. This relationship is further considered, and the manner in which various encountered parameters influence the fitting of an experimentally determined yield surface is discussed


Since the EU accession, Romania's agrifood trade increased significantly, in both volume and value terms. Although the old free trade agreements, that have been in force for the last 15 years, were discontinued when it joined the Single Market, Romania continued its trade relations with its traditional extra-EU partners, under the new EU rules. The EU is currently the largest player in the world agrifood markets, and the 2004 and 2007 enlargements contributed to the consolidation of that position. The present paper is empirically examining the position and contribution of Romania among the other EU member countries to the extra-EU agrifood trade, in terms of values, quantities and directions of flows. The competitiveness of the Romanian extra-community agrifood is analyzed as well, since it improved significantly for the last three years, shifting the trade balance from negative to positive.


The majority of patients are asymptomatic. The reported incidence in autopsy studies is 1 to 14% and it is encountered in one out of five hundred abdominal surgeries [2, 3]. This uncommon submucosal lesion is mostly found in upper gastrointestinal tract, such as duodenum (35%), stomach (30%) and jejunum (15%), but it can also be found in extra-abdominal location. Endocrine or exocrine pancreatic tissue or a combination of both cell types may be seen. Malignant transformation of the aberrant pancreas is very rare.


This report discusses risks associated with the underground storage of high-level radioactive wastes from the Purex Plant at Hanford in 1957. Radiation doses and contamination of the Columbia River resulting from storage tank leaks are discussed.


The Effects of the Childbirth Process on the Attitudes and Behaviors of New Fathers by Janice Ryser, Master of Science Utah State University, 1981 Major Professor: Dr. J. Craig Peery Department: Family and Human Development Atti tudes of 74 first-time fathers were studied as they varied vi by childbirth preparation and participation. A 50-variable questionnaire was used to tap fathers' attitudes towards their marital relationship and partner, their infants, themselves as fathers, and the pregnancy/childbirth experience . Fathers agreed on being ela ted with fatherhood, wanting tactile, verbal, and extended home contact with their infants, planning on a partnership in parenting, and seeing their marriage at a high point. They saw pregnancy as a time of stress and adjustment and felt father participation was important. Their attitudes varied most on wife's performance and their own helpfulness through labor a nd delivery. The variance and the numerous relationships of the 50 variables were consolidated through factor analysis. 2 x 2 ANOVA on eight factors revealed the effects of preparation and participation. It was found that participation increases the father's respect for his wife, gives him more purpose in the childbirth, and increases his


Objective To evaluate the safety of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) versus azathioprine (AZA) for rejection after renal transplantation.Methods We searched MEDLINE (1966Jun. 2004), EMBASE (1984Jun. 2004), The Cochrane Library (Issue 2, 2004) and Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM, 1979Jun. 2004). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing MMF with AZA for rejection after renal transplantation were included. The quality of included studies such as randomization, blinding, allocation concealment was evaluated and meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 4.1.1 software.Results Twenty-Four RCTs comparing MMF (2 g/day or 3 g/day) with AZA for rejection after renal transplantation were identified. The digest system morbidity of MMF group was higher than that of AZA group. The incidence of vomiting, bellyache and diarrhea of MMF 3 g/day group was statistical by higher than that of AZA group (P0.05). The cytom egalovirus (CMV) infection morbidity of MMF 3 g/day group during 6 months, 1 year and 2 years follow-up was higher than AZA group with statistical difference, but for MMF 2 g/day group, this difference was only seen during 1 year follow-up. Leukopenia incidence of MMF 3g/day group was higher than AZA group with statistical difference, but this difference was not seen in MMF 2 g/day group. Thrombocytopenia incidence of MMF 3 g/day group was lower than AZA group with statistical difference. For skin carcinoma morbidity, no statistical difference was found among MMF 3 g/day, MMF 2 g/day and AZA groups.Conclusions Compared with AZA, MMF represents higher digest system side-effects incidence, higher morbidity of leucopenia and CMV infection and lower incidence of thrombocytopenia. The dose-response relationship of adverse drug reaction is found.


[Objective] In order to study the mechanism of Tamarix hispida responsing to the salt stress, this study is committed to optimize the extraction method of total protein from the leaves of Tamarix hispida. The main purpose of this research is to explore the method of extracting total protein which is suitable for two鄄dimensional electrophoresis of Tamarix hispida leaves, and establish the differential protein expression map of Tamarix hispida leaves under NaHCO3 stress. [Method] Improved Tris / TCA, improved Tris / TCA / PVP40, improved Tris / TCA / Acetone and plant protein extraction kit methods were used to study the optional extracting protein methods of Tamarix hispida leaves. Differential expression of proteins in Tamarix hispida leaves under NaHCO3 stress were studied using two鄄dimensional electrophoresis. And the protein differential expression map of Tamarix hispida leaves under salt stress 北摇 京摇 林摇 业摇 大摇 学摇 学摇 报 第 40 卷 was established. [Result] This research revealed that we can obtain the high purity of protein sample and the map of two鄄dimensional gel electrophoresis which has good separation and high resolution using Tris / TCA method. The two鄄dimensional gel electrophoresis maps of proteins which were treated with NaHCO3 for 0 h and 12 h were analyzed by ImageMaster 2D Platinum 7. 0 gel analysis software. Twenty鄄 five differentially expressed proteins were detected, which were responded to salt stress and the changes of differentially expressed proteins were analyzed. [Conclusion] The results showed that the extraction of Tamarix hispida leaf protein by improved Tris / TCA method is suitable for two鄄dimensional electrophoresis system, and this method could be used to study the proteome of Tamarix hispida leaves. In this study, the differential protein expression map of Tamarix hispida leaves under NaHCO3 stress was established, and this result would be the foundation of the molecular mechanism of Tamarix hispida with salt tolerance for further analysis.


in 1836. However, unlike Gettysburg, the Alamo did not become a site of public culture soon after the battle. Instead, the physical structures of this former Spanish mission, already in ruins at the time of the battle, were used as a grain facility for the U.S. Quartermaster's Depot, a supply store, and a whiskey house, to name several of its functions after 1836. It was not until the late 1890s that


In this work, the stability and reversible aggregation properties of zwitterion-modified Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) were studied under acidic and alkaline conditions. The UV-Vis spectra of the Au colloids were measured under different conditions, and the stability and reversible aggregation properties of the Au colloids were revealed through the spectral changes. The results showed that the modification with zwitterionic ligands largely improved the stability of the Au NPs under both acidic and alkaline conditions. Under strongly acidic conditions, the modified Au NP colloids lost stability and aggregated, but the aggregated colloids could be redispersed once the pH of the colloids was returned to an appropriate value. By exploiting their pH-dependent reversible aggregation properties, dilute Au NP colloids were concentrated to give concentrated Au NP colloids or solid Au NP aggregates; these systems could be preserved for long periods of time, and if needed, could be recovered to give well-dispersed dilute dispersions simply by adding water.


Leakage power dissipation is projected to grow exponentially in the next decade according to the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS). This directly affects portable battery operated devices such as cellular phones and PDAs since they have long idle times. Several techniques have been proposed that efficiently minimize this leakage power loss. A comprehensive survey and analysis of various subthreshold leakage power reduction techniques that are applicable to current battery operated devices is presented in this work with an emphasis on static CMOS circuits. Results show a clear tradeoff between leakage power and other circuit performance parameters. Based on this analysis, a designer or an automation tool would be able to select the appropriate leakage control technique for a particular application.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the number, course and distribution of normal dorsal penile nerves and their clinical significance for selective neurectomy of the dorsal penile nerve in the treatment of primary premature ejaculation.

METHODS
We dissected 38 cadaveric adult penises and recorded the number, course and distribution of the dorsal penile nerves. A total of 314 cases of primary premature ejaculation underwent selective neurectomy of the dorsal penile nerve. The patients ranged between 20 and 45 years in age and from 1 to 22 years in disease course.

RESULTS
The dorsal penile nerves were distributed in parallel bilaterally in all the cadaveric penises and branched into the ventral side in 4 of them. The total number of dorsal penile nerves was (3.6 +/- 1.2) in the 38 cadaveric penises, 7 in 1 case, 6 in 1 case, 5 in 6 cases, 4 in 9 cases, 3 in 14 cases and 2 in 7 cases, while that of the 314 patients with primary premature ejaculation was (7.0 +/- 1.9), 5 in 64 cases, 6 in 56 cases, 7 in 52 cases, 8 in 40 cases, 9 in 33 cases, 10 in 28 cases, 11 in 25 cases, 12 in 11 cases and 13 in 5 cases. Selective neurectomy of the dorsal penile nerve achieved an intravaginal ejaculation latency of (4.31 +/- 1.87) minutes and sexual satisfaction rate of (61 +/- 17) %, significantly different from those before the operation ([1.24 +/- 0.32] min, [23 +/- 6] %; all P < 0.01).

CONCLUSION
The abnormal increase of dorsal penile nerves possibly lies at the bottom of the pathogenesis of primary premature ejaculation. Selective neurectomy of the dorsal penile nerve is safe and effective for the treatment of primary premature ejaculation.


The present study investigated the tonic vibration re ex (TVR) in humans elicited by vibratory stimulation applied to the muscle of the triceps brachii and examined the effects of rotation of the neck on misperception of movement of the elbow. Fifteen healthy subjects actively exed their elbows from 0° to 90° for 3 s with their eyes closed. During the time that the elbow was exed, vibratory stimulation (100 Hz) was applied to the tendon of the right triceps brachii. In the rst experiment, only the right elbow was exed (one-arm experiment), whereas in the second experiment both elbows were flexed simultaneously (two-arm experiment). In the two-arm experiment with vibratory stimulation, the mean (± SD) angle of the elbow was 63.2 ± 11.2° with neck rotation at 0°, which decreased signi cantly to 53.0 ± 15.5° (P< 0.05) when the neck was rotated back to 0° from the position of maximal right rotation. This suggests that there is an asymmetric tonic neck re ex as a result of neck movement, with the pathways involved in the crossed extension re ex enhanced by the simultaneous movement of both elbows. The TVR is an effective tool with which the convergence of various re exes on α-motor neurons innervating the muscles of the extremity can be examined.


The present study was undertaken to determine the relationship between a persistent elevation in circulating estrogens and the lack of a stimulatory feedback of ovarian steroids on LH secretion in old persistent estrous (PE) rats and to investigate whether, under experimental conditions in young cyclic females, a chronic rise in circulating estradiol inhibits the positive feedback action of steroids on LH secretion. Eighteenmonth-old PE rats and 4-month-old regularly cyclic females were ovariectomized (OVX) and immediately primed with estradiol benzoate (EB; 8 /μg/100 g BW, sc). Three days later, progesterone injection (0.5 mg/100 g BW, sc) elicited a LH surge in formerly cyclic but not PE rats. Five weeks later, however, EBprogesterone administration to the same animals elicited a LH surge not only in OVX young rats but also in OVX old females which had previously been in the PE state, although the magnitude of the LH surge was significantly less in OVX-PE than in OVX young rats. In long term OVX old and...


RF MEMS switches offer a substantially higher performance than pin or FET diode switches. In this paper, a push-pull type RF MEMS switch is proposed, which utilizes mono crystal silicon cantilever structure for low-voltage operation and long-term reliability.


A series of computations based on the Fourier spectrum of vibration signals collected in artificial aging processes have been applied in order to tackle trends existing in the signals' sequence. In this study, features extracted from the (Fourier) spectrum of the vibration signal and expressing monotonic changes with respect to the motor age namely mean frequency, low order statistics of the power spectral density and cepstrum are used. Independence of the time domain data allows independent analysis. Results obtained in case of artificial aging are compared with results in case of controlled bearing faults with increasing severity. Clear distinctions are made and conclusions are drawn from the different behavioural patterns. Future research directions are indicated both in practical and theoretical sense.


Sober, Laius recalls Apollo's threat: our son will kill him, beget upon me. Nine months drag like oxen ploughing. With icy eyes Laius watches me swell. I fear the gods and beg Hera for a girl, but as foretold, I give birth to a son. Laius takes the child to bind its feet. The baby cries, and Laius turns away. He summons a servant and orders me to hand my baby over, threatening me when I cry. The king will keep his own hands clean.


LH regulation and lordosis were compared in groups of young (3 months old) and middle-aged (8–14 months old) female rats, all of whom were exhibiting regular estrous cycles at the beginning of experimentation. There were four main findings. First, in females having 4-day estrous cycles, the preovulatory surges of LH and progesterone were significantly lower in middle-aged animals. Second, phasic LH release, elicited in ovariectomized females with either estradiol benzoate (EB) and progesterone or EB and mating, was significantly reduced in middle-aged females by 8 months of age. This effect was evident in short and long term ovariectomized females. Third, the postovariectomy rise in LH and the negative feedback response to EB were attenuated in middle-aged females, but not until 11 months of age. Fourth, middle-aged and young females were equivalent in lordotic responses after ovariectomy and EB administration. Plasma steroid measurements at selected time points during the experiments confirmed that the s...


Recent years, there were many red tide incidentsall over the world, especially in most coastlands of China. Some toxins produced by the red tide algae are not only poisonous to the sea lives, but also have potential danger to human health. The research on the red tide toxins is very important to the marine environmental science. In this paper, harmful effect of algal toxins of the red tide are reviewed. Besides, the detection analytical techniques of algal toxins are described in detail.


Aim: This study investigated the effect of an in-office bleaching technique on lightness, color and surface roughness of two commercially available materials: a resin-modified glass-ionomer cement and a nanohybrid resin composite. Methods: Twelve disk-shaped specimens were prepared with both materials. The samples were bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide. Bleaching was tested initially onto a smooth surface and later onto a polished one of the same specimens. The effect of the treatments on lightness and color was verified with a spectrophotometer. Surface roughness was measured with a digital surface roughness tester. The data were statistically analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA and post hoc Tukey's test (alpha = 0.05). Results: Significant variation in lightness and color was observed on the resin-modified glass-ionomer cement after the first bleaching procedure. Roughness increased significantly only after polishing the resin-modified glass-ionomer cement surface. Composite color variation was evident in the last observation period, but roughness and lightness variation due to bleaching and polishing was not significant. Conclusion: The bleaching treatment caused significant color alterations on the materials tested. This study observed that the application of in-office bleaching onto the glass-ionomer cement promoted clinically observable color alteration, and polishing after bleaching is contraindicated for this material.


Surely the tension between LAaa and C LAbb C Aab LAab cannot be so easily resolved. Aristotle nowhere explicitly rejects LAaa nor does he explicitly accept the above substituted form of Barbara LXL. One might well argue that although an adequate formalization of Aristotle's theory will omit LAaa since Aristotle is silent on this point, any formalization which (like McCalPs) has "dire consequences" when LAaa is added is a fortiori defective. Note that in his Aristotle's Syllogistic, 2nd edition (Oxford, 1957), Lukasiewicz too rejects LAaa. Lukasiewicz attempts to motivate rejection of LAaa by appealing to a "general view according to which no apodeictic proposition is true" (p. 190). Surely this view cannot be attributed to Aristotle and hence it has no bearing on the proper interpretation of Aristotle's theory. Still, there is the tension between LAaa and C LAbb C Aab LAab that needs resolving. This last formula is an instance of Barbara LXL assuming McCall's rule of substitution. But, while Aristotle is committed to Barbara LXL, there seems to be no textual basis for attributing McCall's rule of substitution to him. Indeed, as Lukasiewicz writes (p. 9): "There is no passage in the Prior Analytics where two different variables are identified. Even where the same term is substituted for two variables [An. pr. ii. 15, 6423], these two variables are not identified." So, McCall's rule can safely be omitted in favor of the weaker rule:


A W(inner) T(akes) A(ll) circuit of neural type with O(N2 ) interconnections capable of detecting the largest item in a list, is considered. The nonsymmetric crosstalk capacitances between all input pairs are proved to impact strongly on the WTA behaviour. Closed-form approximations of the critical values of defect capacitances are inferred and verified by numeric simulations


The pandemic has indeed provided students and teachers worldwide with the experience of technology-infused teaching. Even though the pandemic is almost over, the utilization of technology in mathematics education is still needed and inseparable. Relying on cross-sectional design and phenomenological approach, this research investigates senior high school students' perceptions towards AI-based learning, particularly about their understanding and suggestions towards AI-based learning in mathematics in the context of post-pandemic. The participants of the study were 107 students coming from several islands in Indonesia, ranging from grade 10-12, with an age interval of 15-18 years old. The instruments used were the questionaries with open-ended questions in Microsoft forms distributed to mathematics teachers in several WhatsApp groups. The data were then analyzed through a multistage descriptive and pattern coding process. The findings showed that students need to be facilitated with AI, which can display understandable visualization and provide guidance to solve mathematical problems. It is expected that the present study's findings offer researchers in Indonesia and abroad to disseminate and/or implement AI learning in the form of Intelligent Tutoring Systems.


The idea of combining spatial modulation (SM) with massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, i.e. massive SM-MIMO, has recently attracted plenty of academic interest, as it could simultaneously harness the advantages of SM and massive MIMO. However, the spectral efficiency (SE) analysis for massive SM-MIMO is still lack of exploring. To this end, a novel SE expression is derived in this paper to provide a tight lower bound for massive SM-MIMO systems, in which the impacts of imperfect channel estimation and random user locations are all accounted for. The new SE expression enables an efficient system-level analysis, via which we can investigate the optimal number of user antennas for SE maximization. Interestingly, we found that massive SM-MIMO maintains a higher SE than the conventional massive MIMO with single-antenna users when a limited number of users are scheduled, while conventional massive MIMO is more suitable when a large number of users are served.


James Morgan believes the other major powers are allfacing challenges which offer unusual opportunitiesfor Britain. The developing world is evolving in a manner that is peculiarly favourable to British interests. By refusing to make a full commitment to the Maastricht Treaty Britain isfaced with a complex dilemma. It has lost influence in the coming debate on implementation, thereby permitting others afree hand to deploy whatever methods are needed to fabricate what will be presented as a full realization of the aims of Economic and Monetary Union, and which will be damaging to this country's interests.


The study aims to describe the implementation of a primary practitioner physiotherapy service within a large regional ED and to evaluate its impact on waiting time and length of stay.


This paper reports on a mesa structured force plate for measurement of jumping force of a fruit fly. The proposed force plate is 5 mm × 5 mm × 20 μm in size. The thickness of the sensing beams is 7.5 μm which is thinner than that of the plate to increase the sensitivity in response to normal force. Using the fabricated force plate, the jumping force of a fruit fly was measured when it took off from the plate surface. The measurement result shows that the maximum value of the jumping force is approximately 8 times larger than the weight (mG, where m and G are the fruit fly mass and gravitational acceleration) of a fruit fly.


The absorption of polarized light by single crystals of NaMgAl(C2O4)3·9H2O with part of the aluminum isomorphously replaced by the trivalent ions of Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Co is reported. Assignments of the observed transitions are made. The polarizations prove that both the spin‐allowed and spin‐forbidden transitions are electric dipolar. They are made allowed by the static asymmetric ligand field and not by coupling to vibrations. The trigonal field strength is evaluated in terms of the parameter K which is found to range from —350 to +500 cm—1.


Image compression can be achieved by using stochastic artificial neural networks (SANN). The idea is to store an image in stable distribution of a stochastic neural network. Given an input image f (epsilon) F, one can find a SANN t (epsilon) T such that the equilibrium distribution this SANN is the given image f. Therefore, the input image, f, is encoded into a specification of a SANN, t. This mapping from F (image space) to T (parameter space of SANN) defines SANN transformation. To complete a SANN transformation, an SANN equation has to be solved. In this paper, we will first introduce two types of SANN equations. Then, we will develop an algorithm to solve SANN equation.


Congratulations and best wishes for many productive years to the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society members of the 2012 class of IEEE Fellows (asterisks denote those evaluated by AP-S).


The Task Force recommends that price regulation should be on the basis of 'Essentiality' of the drug and it should be applied only to formulations and not to upstream products, such as bulk drugs. No effort should be made to impose a uniform price, and only a ceiling price should be indicated. The regulatory mechanism should be significantly strengthened both at the Centre and in the States. A process of active promotion of generic drugs should be put in place including mandatory debranding for selected drugs. A new legislation viz, Drugs and Therapeutics (Regulation) Act (DATA) should be enacted for price control on drugs. As a long term objective, the Task Force endorses the proposal made by the Planning Commission in the Mid-term Appraisal of the Tenth Five Year Plan to establish a National Authority on Drugs and Therapeutics (NADT). The Task Force recommends that the National List of Essential Medicines (NLEM) 2003 should form the basis of drugs for price control/monitoring.


In the competitive market model,the performance of city gas station is created by the acts of sales,while the sales are generated by the behavior of consumer awareness,consumer behavior,the competitive environment,marketing innovation and other elements of composition,performed by the sales marketing common elements of the result.Based on this understanding,such factors as sales of consumer awareness,buying behavior,market structure,innovation constitute the overall index,and according to intron system,the main indicators of the indicators are decomposed,the city gas stations Marketing Performance Evaluation System is constructed,in accordance with the index system level nature,by using hierarchical analysis methods and selection of specific stations,the construction of the index system is tested.The results show that consumer satisfaction,loyalty and recognition of the quality of service performance of gas stations have an important impact on marketing.


We report the distribution of black hole (BH) masses and Eddingont ratios estimated for a sample of 131 low luminosity quasars in the early cosmic epoch ($5.6<z<7.0$). Our work is based on Subaru High-$z$ Exploration of Low-Luminosity Quasars (SHELLQs) project, which has constructed a low luminosity quasar sample down to $M_{1450} \sim - 21$ mag, exploiting the survey data of Hyper Suprime-Cam installed on Subaru Telescope. The discovery spectra of these quasars are limited to the rest-frame wavelengths of $\sim$ 1200 -- 1400 \AA, which contains no emission lines that can be used as BH mass estimators. In order to overcome this problem, we made use of low-$z$ counterpart spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, which are spectrally matched to the high-$z$ spectra in overlapping wavelengths. We then combined the C~{\sc iv} emission line widths of the counterparts with the continuum luminosity from the SHELLQs data to estimate BH masses. The resulting BH mass distribution has a range of $\sim 10^{7-10} M_{\odot}$, with most of the quasars having BH masses $\sim 10^{8} M_{\odot}$ with sub-Eddington accretion. The present study provides not only a new insight into normal quasars in the reionization epoch, but also a new promising way to estimate BH masses of high-$z$ quasars without near-infrared spectroscopy.


The increasing demand for high throughputs in transaction processing systems leads to high degrees of transaction concurrency and hence high data contention. The conventional dynamic two-phase locking (2PL) concurrency control (CC) technique causes system thrashing at high data contention levels, restricting transaction throughput. Optimistic concurrency control (OCC) is an alternative strategy, but OCC techniques suffer from wasted resources caused by repeated transaction restarts. We propose a new technique, ORDER, that enlists the aid of the interconnection network in a distributed database system in order to coordinate transactions. The network in an ORDER system provides total ordering of messages at a low cost, enabling efficient CC. We compare the performance of dynamic 2PL and ORDER, using both an analytical model and a simulation. Unlike previously-proposed models for 2PL, our analytical model predicts performance accurately even under high data contention. We study the effects of various parameters on performance, and demonstrate that ORDER outperforms dynamic 2PL for a wide range of workloads.


G029 Integration of Wide Azimuth Seismic with Static and Dynamic Well Data for Fractured Reservoir Characterization H.H. Veire* (Statoil ASA) O.P. Wennberg (Statoil ASA) R. Basquet (Statoil ASA) & P. Ingsoy (Statoil ASA) SUMMARY Open fractures can have a significant influence on porosity and permeability of hydrocarbon reservoirs. In such cases knowledge about the lateral distribution of fracture parameters such as preferred orientation and density is crucial for deciding drainage strategies. Well data like FMI logs cores and well tests are commonly used to analyze open fracture properties of the reservoir. Seismic data has a wider spatial coverage than well


The nonlinear optical response of some carbon-based nanomaterials, namely some nanodiamonds and carbon nanoparticles (C-dots) are investigated using infrared nanosecond laser pulses. Both nanocarbons had similar sizes (<; 10 nm) and exhibited measurable nonlinear absorption and refraction. Their optical limiting behaviour has been also investigated. Nanodiamonds were found to exhibit remarkable optical limiting response in the infrared, being therefore promising candidates for potential opto-electronic and photonic applications.


This paper describes an approach to forest management decision-making. Acknowledging both objective and subjective elements, the approach offers a methodology to encourage more creative design in forest planning. It uses the descriptive capabilities of simulation modeling in tandem with the prescriptive capabilities of graphical evaluation techniques, to facilitate the use and interpretation of technical forestry information in decision-making problems. It emphasizes a need for an overview of long-term resource behavior as a prerequisite to, and a framework for, forest planning.


A method and system for analyzing sounds produced in at least one portion of the cardiovascular system of a human. N number of transducers N is an integer that is fixed on the body surface on the thorax of the person. i-th transducer is fixed in position x The signal P (x The filtered signal can be used to generate an image of at least a portion of the cardiovascular system.


In Indonesia's tax system of self assess- ment which means that taxpayers are given the trust and responsibility to calculate, calculate, and report on their own pay the tax due, the government's obligation in this case the tax authorities (tax authorities) is to provide guid- ance, care and supervision through a series of activities tax audits and tax compliance obligations under the provisions outlined in the invitation taxation laws. So by this au- thor conducted research in scienti c writing with the title "Fiscal Correction in installment Determining Income Tax (VAT) Board Article 25 At the CV. Indopulley Perkasa". This study aims to determine the income statement accord- ing to the scal rules to address the dierences between Financial Accounting standards and tax laws to the income statement. The research was done by correcting the income statement of commercial into scal income statement. The results showed that: pro t before tax of commercial income statement in 2008 of Rp. 385 349 409 while the pro t before tax in the income statement of scal year 2008 amounting to Rp. 375 140 209. And pro t before tax of commer- cial pro t and loss statements for 2009 at Rp. 428 698 567 while the pro t before tax in the income statement of scal year 2009 amounting to Rp. 407 887 067. Positive correc- tion in 2008 amounted to Rp 10,290,800 and Rp negative correction. 25,000,000. And a positive correction in 2009 amounted to USD 4.1885 million and a negative correction amounting to Rp. 25,000,000. Based on the above analy- sis suggests researchers should use in preparing the Income Tax Act are applicable.


The effect of photosynthetic bacteria on rice pigment and antioxidant enzyme systems was studied which irradiated by ultraviolet.The results showed that catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),the chlorophyll content had change after ultraviolet radiation,the ultraviolet radiation had the induce function on rice catalase,superoxide dismutase activity and chlorophyll content,while photosynthetic bacteria played protective role on rice in the ultraviolet radiation.


This study concludes by summing up the recent evolutionary pattern of the department store and discount store formats, and reappraising the application to the Korean case of the evolutionary theory of retail development. In that respect this chapter moves away from the structure of the previous chapters in focussing on analysis of the present shape of these formats rather than their historical evolution. Nevertheless, the conclusion retains the historical perspective, in as far as it analyzes the current situation, through identifying a causal relationship between present and past retail formats. This chapter contends that the department store enjoyed only a short heyday, but that this phenomenon was the natural result of the evolution of Korean retail institutions. It can be said to be an integral and unavoidable part of Korea's retail evolution. It was the outcome of the range of interactions between the three 'actors' in retail development that have been described, namely the government, the retailers and the consumer. This will therefore also continue to influence retail evolution in the future. This in turn leads to a need to re-examine application of the conflict theory of retailing, which argues that competition between different retailing formats is integral to the development and evolution of retailing. As we have seen, the absence of any serious survival game between the department store and discount store formats in Korea, calls this accepted theory into question. The department store has compliantly withdrawn from its existing market, and the discount store has quietly replaced it. We therefore have a relationship of cooperation, rather than conflict, between the two. The short heyday of the department store is closely related to this cooperation and peaceful situation. In other words, conflict theory is of limited explanatory power in relation to Korea's retail evolution. I argue for a distinctive pattern of evolution resulting from the distinct ownership structure in the Korean retail industry, one of the three elements mentioned above. Whatever the reason for this distinctive evolution, there is no doubt that it is likely to play a significant role at the next stage of Korea's retail development. The Korean department store format occupied a significant part of the mass


(...) Infection of oil palms caused stunting of growth, vascular plugging and discoloration, and high in vivo production of pectolytic and cellulolytic enzymes. The xylem members of infected plants were shorter but wider in diameter than unifected plants. The severity of pathogenicity effects varied with strain of inoculum. Three of the ten strains consistently caused greater pathogenicity effects than the mixed culture inoculum. Also, culture filtrates of these three strains caused greater degrees of potato tissue maceration and cell death


The resource of capsicum is abundant in our country,and the output of capsicum is the first in the world,presently the manufacture of capsicum' products is various.The process of capsicum not only includes the production of traditionary spice,but also the exploitation of capsanthin、capsaicinoids and oil of capsicum' seeds which have more value in economy and society,which actualizes general use of capsicum and makes waste become treasure,at the same time increases the value of capsicum.In this article,the situation of research and exploitation in capsicum is generalized,also the present production of spice of capsicum and output and information of capsanthin、capsaicinoids、oil of capsicum' seeds、natural antiseptic substance and natural antioxidant substance in capsicum is introduced.


Objective:Statistical analysis of second molar extraction in orthodontic treatment.Method:35 patients with second molar extraction were selected.12 males and 23 females,age 12 to 43,average 17.8 years old.All patients were treated with straightwire appliance.Result:Treatment cycle were 7~28 months,average 16.7 months.When treatment finished,canines and molars were Class Ⅰocclusion.Anterior tooth gained correct overbite and overjet.Tooth roots were parallel.Facial profile were ideal.Conclusion: Second molar extraction was the first choice of molar extraction design.It can take anterior and posterior problems into account at the same time and implement the treatment design of 28 teeth reservation.


The novel 2,7-di which is further substituted by one or more crosslinkable moiety at position 9 (arylamino) - Preparation substituted fluorene, the crosslinking moiety oligomer or polymer formed by crosslinking of them methods, and electronic devices, their use for forming the solvent film in particular have utility as an intermediate layer in the electroluminescent device.


Phosphoglycolate (G-2-P), an important intermediate in the photorespiratory carbon oxidation cycle in plants, is a potent activator of 2,3-DPG phosphatase (DPGP), the enzyme that degrades 2,3-DPG. This has led to the speculation regarding its role in the regulation of red cell 2,3-DPG level, although its existence in red cells has been controversial. Therefore, the authors set out to isolate and quantitate G-2-P, if any, from human red cells. They purified endogenous G-2-P by Dowex-1-Cl/sup -/ chromatography of perchloric acid extracts of fresh, heparinized blood using (/sup 14/C)-G-2-P (2.5 nmoles) as an internal standard of recovery. The putative purified compound and appropriate controls were assayed for G-2-P using (a) a spectrophotometric assay that measured the rate of degradation of 2,3-DPG by DPGP in the presence of G-2-P, linked to the oxidation of NADH via phosphoglycerate kinase and glyceraldehyde-3-P dehydrogenase; and (b) a radiometric assay in which (/sup 32/Pi) is released quantitatively from (/sup 32/P)-2,3-DPG by DPGP in the presence of G-2-P. The lowest limits of detection of these assays are 3 nmoles and 50 pmoles of G-2-P respectively. The results by both assays consistently demonstrated the presence of an average 1.3 ..mu..M (range 0.7-2.7 ..mu..M) G-2-P in red cells from severalmore » different individuals. These results confirm those of Rose and Salon and implicate G-2-P in the regulation of red cell 2,3-DPG level. The investigations of the metabolism of G-2-P and its biosynthesis are in progress to define the role(s) of the compound, if any, in human physiology.« less


Dichotically presented CV syllables were presented to 24 normal subjects under two contrasting performance requirements: consonant identification and consonant discrimination. In the identification task, subjects made more errors identifying stimuli distinguished by two as opposed to one distinctive feature. Conversely, in the discrimination task, subjects made more errors for stimuli distinguished by one as opposed to two distinctive features. It was proposed that the results of the identification task reflect the degree of information load in short-term memory. The results of the discrimination task, on the other hand, reflect the degree of perceptual similarity between contrasting stimuli. Both results were accounted for within a distinctive feature framework. Analyses of the individual features which comprised one and two feature distinctions demonstrated the perceptual prominence of the feature [voice] in contrast to the two place features [compact] and [grave].


Fuzzy logic controllers have gained popularity in the past few decades with highly successful implementation in many fields. Fuzzy logic enables designers to control complex systems more effectively than traditional methods. Teaching students fuzzy logic in a laboratory can be a time‐consuming and an expensive task. This paper presents a low‐cost educational microcontroller‐based tool for fuzzy logic controlled line following mobile robot. The robot is used in the second year of undergraduate teaching in an elective course in the department of computer engineering of the Near East University. Hardware details of the robot and the software implementing the fuzzy logic control algorithm are given in the paper. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 19: 639–646, 2011


▪ Abstract Developments during the past eight years have refuted the folklore that chiral symmetries cannot be preserved on the lattice. The mechanism that permits chiral symmetry to coexist with the lattice is quite general and may work in nature as well. The reconciliation between chiral symmetry and the lattice is likely to revolutionize the field of numerical QCD.


A program to examine the efficiency of boilers and to identify the techniques and equipment available for improving this efficiency is presented. Operating efficiency of boilers and the importance of boiler room function are stressed. Elements of boiler efficiency are described in Chapter III and operational and maintenance procedures are given in Chapter IV. Normal retrofit energy measures given in Chapter V precede a list of sources of test equipment available and a bibliography. (MCW)


The operating theory of the system hydraulic of radial ram pump test-bed and the construction method of the virtual instrument system were introduced.The efficiency and accuracy of measurement were improved greatly by using industrial PC and data acquisition card to achieve the automation of test data sampling and test system controlling.The instrument panel constructed by VB made the operation more concision,intuitionistic and easy-to-use.The practical application shows that the system possess perfect interference immunity,reliability and extendibility.


The needs of future as well as those of the present generations are at the heart of sustainable development. Weak sustainability addresses specific concerns for the depletion of exhaustible resources such as minerals. So long as such natural capital is converted into reproducible machines, it is argued that the inevitable time when resources are depleted can be postponed, giving human ingenuity time to resolve the dilemma. But such machines require exhaustible energy to drive them and when they become obsolescent, other exhaustible resources such as iron ore to replace them. Further, with the underdeveloped parts of the world yet to experience the benefits of the industrialised, consumer society, there will be greater rather than lesser consumption of exhaustible resources in succeeding generations. The continuing need for exhaustible resources, therefore, argues against the arrival of a post-industrial society.


The square-lattice eight-vertex model with vertex weights a,b,c,d obeying the relation (a2+ab)(b2+ab)=(c2+ab)(d2+ab) and periodic boundary conditions is considered. It is shown that the transfer matrix of the model for L  =  2n  +  1 vertical lines and periodic boundary conditions along the horizontal direction possesses the doubly degenerate eigenvalue Θn=(a+b)2n+1. This proves a conjecture by Stroganov from 2001. The proof uses the supersymmetry of a related XYZ spin-chain Hamiltonian. The eigenstates of the transfer matrix corresponding to Θn are shown to be the ground states of the spin-chain Hamiltonian. Moreover, for positive vertex weights Θn is the largest eigenvalue of the transfer matrix.


Anton Ficai, Maria Sonmez, Roxana Doina Trusca, Bogdan Stefan Vasile, Denisa Ficai, Ecaterina Andronescu Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest 1-7 Gh. Polizu St., 011061-Bucharest, Romania firstname.lastname@example.com; email@example.com National Research & Development Institute for Textiles and Leather–division: Leather and Footwear Research Institute, Bucharest, Romania


Objective To explore the biocompatibility of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and composite microspheres of decellularized matrix loaded chitosan/nanohydroxyapatite (DMCS/nHA) in co-culture.Methods After preparation of composite microspheres of DMCS/nHA and isolation and purification of BMSCs from SD rats,the culture was conducted in 4 groups (6 specimens at each time point for each group).BMSCs were cultured with the composite microspheres in the experimental group,with decellularized matrix in control group 1,with nHA in control group 2,and with nothing in the blank control group.The osteogenic differentiation capability of BMSCs in vitro was assessed by alizarin red staining at 14 and 21 days after culture.The activity of alkaline phosphate (ALP) was assessed by ELISA and the expression levels of type Ⅰ collagen and oesteopontin by RT-PCR at 3,7,10,14 and 21 days after culture.Results The composite microspheres were spherical in shape and the particle diameters ranged from 3.52 to 29.65 μm.At 21 days,the experimental group had a greater amount of calcified tubercle with positive alizarin red staining than both control groups and the blank control group.After 7 days,the expression levels of ALP and type Ⅰ collagen were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the other 3 groups,and in both control groups than in the blank control group (P < 0.05).After 10 days,the expression of oesteopontin was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the other 3 groups,and in both control groups than in the blank control group (P < 0.05).The expression of ALP,collagen Ⅰ and oesteopontin reached the peak values at 21 days in the experimental group and both control groups.Conclusion The composite microspheres of DMCS/nHA may have excellent biocompatibility with BMSCs.

Key words:
Mesenchymal stem cells;  Bone marrow;  Chitosan;  Hydroxyapatites;  Materials testing


The boron requirements of filamentous and non-filamentous species of green and blue-green algae have been investigated. A primary feature of this study was the quantitative analysis of the cells for boron. This permitted expression of the degree of purification of the environment and the boron requirements of the organisms in terms of cell content. Three species of green algae were shown neither to require boron nor to absorb it in appreciable amounts. In contrast, three species of blue-green algae readily absorbed boron and nitrogen fixing species showed a marked growth response to boron when nitrate was omitted from the culture medium. The response to boron was less with nitrate in the medium, probably due to increased contamination from the nitrate salt rather than an involvement of boron in the fixation process. The boron content of the deficient blue-green algae was 1–2 μg/g, suggesting a requirement below dicot angiosperms and comparable to monocots. In agreement with other reports, the fungus Penicillium chrysogenum neither required nor absorbed boron.


That ingenious and inquisitive gentleman, Master Thomas Henshaw, having had occasion to make use of a great quantity of May-dew, did, by several casual essayes on that subject, make the following observations and tryals, and present them to the Royal Society.


: This article reexamines Émile Bernard's painting Ragpickers of Clichy (1887), drawing attention to its relationship with the archaic French custom of arti fi cial cranial modi fi cation. Although Bernard is best known as an innovative symbolist who worked alongside Paul Gauguin in 1888–89, this work was transitional, made while the young artist experimented with styles and subjects that were indebted to impressionism, post-impressionism, and neo-impressionism. While Ragpickers of Clichy reveals elements of exaggeration and abstraction that mark his later work, it also owes a debt to the impressionist concern with naturalism because Bernard portrayed a factual anatomical di ff erence as he contrasted industrialization with antiquated tradition.


Two schools dominate the field of international conflict resolution theory: the pragmatic-realist school and the structural problem-solving school. In the age of neoliberal globalization, conflict has taken on novel manifestations and has materialized between a variety of new actors not traditionally dealt with by the literature. This has created a theoretical gap for interventionists. The Nieuw Koffiekamp case study from Suriname manifests this emerging genre of conflict that we have labelled Structural Global-local Discord and Democratic Deficit (SGDDD). The following study examines what role the Organization of American States, as third party intervener and as a regional IGO, played in its attempted resolution of this specific case of SGDDD. Our hypothesis will be confirmed when it becomes clear how the structural problemsolving approach to conflict resolution is deemed the preferred theoretical approach to adopt when dealing with protracted social conflict of a structural nature. ----------------------------------------------------------Gordon Mace Christopher Louis Yeomans Thesis Supervisor M.A. Candidate


Advances in high brightness electron sources and aberration correction of electron probe result very flexible probe sizes and currents. Introduction of multiple windowless SDD detectors [1] increased the collection efficiency greatly (from about 0.15 to 0.7 sr) and light element sensitivity. Furthermore using different combination of probe sizes and beam currents, analytical electron microscopy using EDX spectrometry (EDXS) can be realized from nm scale to Ångstrom scale [1]. It is therefore obvious that EDXS analysis of various materials will definitely benefit from increase in count rate performance and collection efficiency resulting shorter experiment times, decreasing the total dose used and therefore limiting the extent of the sample damage.


In its October 1989 issue, an article in this journal called it a textbook "gap," and one writer scored textbooks as nothing less than "impediments" to good teaching. The fear that some textbooks reflect a "dumbing down" of knowledge is still with us, years after the phrase became popular, and the struggle to add minority writers to literature texts and process theory to writing texts goes on, unabated. In 1991, the Handbook of Research on Teaching the English Language Arts concluded that "current theory and research about reading and writing are not reflected in the reading and writing practices of current textbooks" (526). Yet the textbook has a presence in the languagearts classroom: two 1980s surveys cited all teachers using textbooks about seventy percent of instructional time (Komoski 1985) and ninety-one percent of respondents/writing teachers using textbooks regularly (Applebee 1981). Surveys aside, most of us can confirm from experience and observation that the staple of the language-arts classroom is the text or texts; literature, writing, and language instruction come, in most school districts, through multiple or single texts. Across this country, textbooks are big business: the publishers are major presences at national professional conferences and underwriters of speakers at regional and state meetings. Their products, the textbooks, are advertised, marketed, examined, selected, purchased, stamped, recorded, distributed, and used in English language-arts classes in every state in this nation.


Esophageal cancer is the sixth most common cause of cancer death in the world [1]. Over 80% of esophageal cancers occur in developing countries [1], and in these areas, 90% of these cancers are esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) [2]. The precursor lesion of ESCC is squamous intraepithelial neoplasia (squamous dysplasia), defined histologically as nuclear atypia (enlargement, pleomorphism, and hyperchromasia), loss of normal cellular polarity, and abnormal tissue maturation [3,4]. The World Health Organization (WHO) subclassifies squamous intraepithelial neoplasia into low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN) and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN), depending on the extent of the nuclear atypia and the involvement of the epithelium [4]. In China, where ESCC and its precursors are very common in some areas, a three-tier system is used, including LGIN (mild dysplasia, involving the lower third of the epithelium), medium-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (MGIN, moderate dysplasia, involving the lower two-thirds of the epithelium), and HGIN (severe dysplasia, involving the full thickness of the epithelium) [3]. Followup studies in China have shown that the rate of progression to ESCC differs significantly between LGIN (5.3% over 3.5 years), MGIN (26.7%), and HGIN (65.2%), and because of their significant risk of progression, MGIN and HGIN are targets for screening and therapy [5,6]. Current treatment of esophageal squamous cell neoplasia (ESCN, including squamous intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive squamous cell carcinoma) involves surgery for lesions invading into the deep submucosa or beyond and endoscopic treatment for lesions restricted to the epithelial layer (intraepithelial neoplasia; m1) or the lamina propria (m2). Lesions invading into the muscularis mucosae (m3) or superficial submucosa (sm1) are considered the "grey zone" between endoscopic and surgical treatment. One option for endoscopic treatment of early ESCN involves endoscopic resection of unstained lesions (USLs) after Lugol's chromoscopy, as USLs are predictive for the presence of neoplasia. Endoscopic resection allows for histologic staging of infiltration depth, tumor differentiation, and lymph-vascular invasion, while completely removing the visible lesion. USLs larger than 15mm require either piecemeal resection with the standard cap-based endoscopic resection techniques or endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for complete resection. Widespread endoscopic resection/ESD, however, is technically demanding, with procedure times of many hours; it is also associated with severe esophageal stenosis for lesions that encompass > 75% of the circumference and a significant risk for esophageal perforation and bleeding. Complete endoscopic resection is also not necessarily the best approach for all patients with early ESCN. Large flat-type lesions (i. e. type 0-IIb), which carry a very low risk for deeper invasion, can be effectively treated by an endoscopic ablation technique that is much easier to apply and is associated with a very low rate of complications, such as esophageal stenosis. A safe, effective, and technically easy-to-administer ablation method is especially attractive for geographic areas where ESCN is endemic and most endoscopists have a lower level of expertise in endoscopic resection/ESD. In China, there are many high-risk areas for ESCN, such as the Taihang mountain range in NorthCentral China and areas in Sichuan, Shandong, Jiangsu, and Fujian Provinces and the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region [7]. These high-risk areas in China are estimated to include a total of over 100million people, and invasive ESCN occurs here at rates approaching or surpassing 100/ 100000 people per year [2], an incidence approximately 30-fold that of Barrett's-related


This article is the second part of an examination of field theory in psychoanalysis. In this article, contemporary Bionian field theory, primarily the work of Antonino Ferro, is compared with contemporary interpersonal and relational psychoanalysis.


With the ever-growing demand for further increase in the integration density of semiconductor devices, silicon wafers as the substrates for most devices are required to be extremely flat. In particular, it is strongly required to suppress edge roll-off, which seriously deteriorates the surface flatness near the wafer edge during polishing process in the final stage of the wafer manufacturing. In this study, we investigate the properties of polishing pads required for decreasing edge roll-off and propose the evaluation method of the properties. Polishing experiments with silicon wafers and evaluation tests for polishing pads reveal that the proposed method can estimate the obtained edge surface flatness.


The combination of the high levels reached by health care expenditures and the resource
constraints due to the ongoing economic crisis makes the analysis of efficiency in the health care
sector very attractive for both researchers and policy makers. The present study focuses on the
performance of primary health care centres (PCC), which represent the main access to the health
care system in Spain. The intention is to contribute to extending the literature on measuring
efficiency in this context by considering conjointly the influence of quality indicators and
environmental variables in a case study. Our dataset includes information about 94 PCCs in the
Spanish Region of Extremadura. In particular, environmental variables are represented by
patients´ characteristics and quality indicators are based on technical aspects. We apply different
extensions of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) methodology. Specifically, we use weight
restrictions to ensure that the efficiency scores assigned to the evaluated units take quality data
into account. Likewise, we employ a four-stage model to identify which exogenous variables have
impact on performance as well as to compute efficiency scores that explicitly incorporate this
information. The results provide evidence in support of the importance of including quality
information in the analysis so that the efficiency measures obtained are an accurate reflection of
performance.


Marginal Fisher Analysis(MFA) algorithm is inadequate when it keeps the intrinsic geometric structure of images,and it only utilizes labeled data and wastes rich unlabeled data.This paper proposes a novel tensor subspace learning algorithm: semi-upervised discriminant analysis algorithm based on tensor.The method adopts the two-dimensional tensor to show the image samples,so it can perfectly detect the intrinsic geometric structure of the data manifold.Moreover,it sufficiently utilizes the labeled data which contains discriminant information and rich unlabeled data,which can maximize the discriminant between classes of data in low dimension subspace and assure the distant points in the high dimension space is distant in the low-dimensional space.Experimental results on PIE and FERET face databases show that this algorithm can achieve higher recognition rate.


A stereo matching algorithm implemented in the stereovision system is presented. The algorithm provides dense depth or disparity maps necessary to perform 3D reconstruction of the observed scene. The term "dense" refers to the fact that the algorithm calculates depth value for each pixel of one of stereo images. Along with the implemented stereo matching algorithm, a method of its verification is proposed, by means of generating for each disparity map, a respective certainty map which holds information about likeliness that the respective disparity value was well chosen.


The study investigates the relationship between personality and situational factors on perceived stress level during the global COVID-19 pandemic. Analysis of data collected from people across different territories confirms the association between personality traits and perceived stress level. Furthermore, the paper shows that people are experiencing moderate stress, which is affected by where they are residing, whether their personal finance is at risk, and their usage of social media during the pandemic.


Three patients with rheumatoid arthritis who developed cicatricial pemphigoid during treatment with D‐penicillamine are described. The possible role of this drug in the pathogenesis of the skin and mucosal lesions is discussed.


electrical insulation formulti-stress andhighrepetition rate(highfrequency operation) compactand/or high Surface flashover across solid insulators invacuum voltage/power electrical systems [4]. hasfound applications intheareaofspace powersystems. Onescenario wheresurface flashover invacuumcanbea Insulating materials playa significant roleinthe problem inspace powersystems isaspacecraft operating design andperformance ofhighvoltage powersystems. ingeosynchronous orbit (GEO)orlowearth orbit (LEO) Theycanbeusedforbothinsulation purposes andfor interacts withthelocal space environment resulting inthe charge storage, inaddition toother purposes likeheat differential charging ofthespacecraft to electrical conduction (asinliquids) andmechanical support (asin potentials ofmanyhundreds tofewthousand volts. When solids). Despite thebasicunderstanding ofelectrical this charging reaches acritical value, surface flashover on breakdown ofmaterials, electrical surface flashover thesolid dielectric insulator mayoccur, resulting inlossphenomena, physical mechanisms responsible forthe ofhighvoltage isolation anddamagetothespace power initiation ofsuchunwanted electrical activities within an systems onboard.Similarly, surface flashover canalso insulation system composed ofsuchadvanced materials occuracross insulators intheutility powersystemin mustbeinvestigated before theycanbecommercially atmospheric pressures aswell.Ingeneral, random available. Thefindings ofsuchstudies areessential for emission ofasmall numberofelectrons atthecathodethedevelopment ofnano-electric andotheradvanced results inpositive charging ofthedielectric surface atthe materials andthetechniques topredict thereliability of triple junction, thusinitiating surface flashover across the theadvanced electrical systems whichutilize these dielectric. materials. Inthispaper, we present experimental results of Itiswidelyaccepted thatthesurface flashover surface flashover characteristics ofepoxyresin andepoxy phenomenon isduetofield emission ofelectrons atthe resin castwithpowdered A1203. Thesamples usedinthe cathode'triple-junction


There has been some speculation that the C-6 position in UMP may be unusually acidic, stabilizing a carbanion that is generated at this position during OMP decarboxylation. On the basis of the rate of OH- catalyzed deuterium exchange at elevated temperatures we estimate that the pKa value for ionization at C-6 of dimethyl uracil is 34 +/- 2 in water. The same method yields a value of 37 +/- 2 for ionization at C-2 of thiophene in good agreement with the value determined by polarographic methods. The barrier to proton release (46 kcal/mol) is even higher than that for CO2 release from orotic acid derivatives.


This article examines links, contradictions, and impacts around the arrival of television in Colombia and Mexico in the 1950s. It will be argued that a global dimension is perceivable in this historical process. This approach allows for the reconstruction of interwoven histories. This argument is developed through five subjects: 1. The nature of television; 2. The political and economic projects implied in its installation; 3. The press expectations regarding the event; 4. The nationalistic approach that governments had towards the beginning of television, and the beneficiaries of the concessions; 5. The international models, influences, and exchanges. In order to grasp the global scope of this phenomenon, this research considers a wide variety of sources and bibliography. The article focuses on each country's experience; without disregard the uniqueness of each case, however, the emphasis is on the similarities between countries. Considering the opposite broadcast models adopted in Mexico (private) and Colombia (public), readers of this article will find an interwoven history of television, instead of a simple comparison table.


Microwave interconnect configurations composed of single wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are studied in this paper. Specifically, an atomic layer deposition (ALD) enabled nano-coaxial line with individual CNTs comprising the inner conductor, CNT Goubau line with ALD enabled alumina coating, a nano-coaxial line with inner conductor composed of CNT bundles, and Goubau lines of CNT bundles are discussed. The characteristic impedance and losses of these interconnects are compared with the similar size copper-based transmission lines. Full wave simulations with incorporated quantum effects are conducted using finite element and method of moments tools ANSYS HFSS 1 and EMSS FEKO1, respectively. A thorough modeling validation, interconnect design and analysis are carried out over the wide microwave spectrum. Obtained results clearly show that although their inherent loss and impedance are high, the CNT interconnects can indeed outperform their copper counterparts with lower loss and impedance, and that observation is reinforced with decreasing the CNT radius.


In this paper two different control methods are combined for controlling a typical nonholonomic device (a bicycle) the dynamic model and parameters of which are only approximately known. Most of such devices suffer from the problem that the time-derivatives of the coordinates of their location and orientation cannot independently be set so an arbitrarily prescribed trajectory cannot precisely be traced by them. For tackling this difficulty Optimal Control is proposed that can find acceptable compromise between the tracking error of the various coordinates. Further problem is that the solution proposed by the optimal controller cannot exactly be implemented in the lack of precise information on the dynamic model of the system. Based on the decoupled nature of the dynamic model of the longitudinal and lateral behavior of the engine special fixed point transformations are proposed to achieve adaptive tracking. These transformations were formerly successfully applied for the control of holonomic systems. It is the first time that the combined method is checked for various trajectories and dynamic model errors via simulation. It yielded promising results.


This article utilizes the State of Colorado as a case study in how individual states are adapting and applying federal capabilities-based planning models to their homeland security programs. The article reviews the corrective change in direction taken by Colorado in implementation of homeland security organizational strategies, structures, policies and procedures. The authors' findings lead to conclusions about Colorado's beginning phase of transforming deficient homeland security strategy, incoherent organization, and fragmented planning processes into sound strategy, focused structure, and organized methods. In November 2008, the Center for Homeland Security (CHS) at the University of Colorado at Colorado Springs began a research and mutual support effort with the Colorado Governor's Office of Homeland Security for the purpose of immersing in the state's revitalized homeland security planning cycle. The intent was to gain insight into the state's creation of a new homeland security organization, the application of a new homeland security strategy, and the efficacy of implementing federal capabilities-based planning processes from a strategic and operational perspective, rather than a federal grant application focus. Colorado's shift to a capabilities-based planning process was largely in response to criticism from both the Department of Homeland Security and Colorado state auditors on the use of federal homeland security funds. Audits described the state's strategy as disorganized and its homeland security structure as fractured with poor accountability and little meaningful oversight. This article examines the initial findings of the CHS immersion experience.


The Monk Parakeet ( Myiopsitta monachus ) is native to South America and has been introduced by the pet market to several countries around the world. In this note, we compiled records for this species in Mexico, also reporting the first sight-recording of this species in the state of Michoacan and several nesting localities within the Metropolitan area of Mexico City. Most records are from escaped/released individuals from captivity. Also, we review the negative effects that this invasive species has had around the world. All records for this species in Mexico suggest the possible beginning of a massive invasion that could have dramatic negative ecological and economical effects throughout this biodiverse country.


The advantages of graph neural networks (GNNs) in leveraging the graph topology of wireless networks have drawn increasing attentions. This paper studies the GNN-based learning approach for the sum-rate maximization in multiple-user multiple-input single-output (MU-MISO) networks subject to the users' individual data rate requirements and the power budget of the base station. By modeling the MU-MISO network as a graph, a GNN-based architecture named CRGAT is proposed to directly map the channel state information to the beamforming vectors. The attention-enabled aggregation and the residual-assisted combination are adopted to enhance the learning capability and avoid the oversmoothing issue. Furthermore, a novel activation function is proposed for the constraint due to the limited power budget at the base station. The CRGAT is trained in an unsupervised learning manner with two proposed loss functions. An evaluation method is proposed for the learning-based approach, based on which the effectiveness of the proposed CRGAT is validated in comparison with several convex optimization and learning based approaches. Numerical results are provided to reveal the advantages of the CRGAT including the millisecond-level response with limited optimality performance loss, the scalability to different number of users and power budgets, and the adaptability to different system settings.


The invention discloses a preparation method of a silicate powder material containing magnesium, aluminum and phosphorous. The preparation method includes following steps: 1), preparing deionized water, soluble magnesium salt and soluble aluminum salt into a water solution to obtain a water solution containing magnesium and aluminum; 2), preparing deionized water, a silicon source, disodium hydrogen phosphate and sodium hydroxide into a silicate emulsion containing phosphorous; 3), mixing the water solution containing magnesium and aluminum with the silicate emulsion containing phosphorous while strongly stirring, putting mixed liquid into a crystallizing kettle for crystallizing at constant temperature of 100-220 DEG C for 4-48h, cooling, centrifuging, washing with water, drying, smashing, and sieving with a 100-mesh screen to obtain a white powdery magnesium aluminum phosphorous silicate powder material product. The silicate powder material prepared by the method is wide in application range and can be applied in flame-retardant materials, catalyst carriers, high polymer additives, waterborne thickeners and rheological additives.


【Objectives : Many cancer patients use therapies promoted as literal alternative and complementary medicine to conventional medical care. So the health provider has to guide it by appropriate clinical guideline. The purpose is to indicate the international research tool of korean medical oncology for related investigators and help to make the clinical guideline for korean oncology. Method : We reviewed complementary and alternative therapies for cancer and cancer-related symptoms by searching MEDLINE, and using the name and synonyms of the therapy. Publications on complementary medicine were identified by searching the Cochrane Library. Results and Conclusion : Most complementary and alternative medicine used by cancer patients have demonstrable, important benefits, including decreased symptoms and better quality of life. We have to standardize the scientific research protocol for korean oncology and build evidence based medicine in the future.】


Sustainable development of hospital's library is required by the changes of social environment and by the development of the library itself.The new idea of developing hospital's library is to increase librarians' quality,to seek technological support and to reform holdings system and service mode.


A LITTLE BIT OF A BREAKDOWN Margaret Libby Old Dominion University, 2017 Director: Prof. Janet Peery These stories have to do with a little bit of a breakdown. The characters are old, young, and in between. Some are men; some are women. Some are breaking, some are broken, and some are coming out on the other side. This collection examines the lives of six people, their breakdowns, and what they do about it.


Data assimilation algorithms combine information from observations and prior model information to obtain the most likely state of a dynamical system. The linearised weak-constraint four-dimensional variational assimilation problem can be reformulated as a saddle point problem, which admits more scope for preconditioners than the primal form. In this paper we design new terms which can be used within existing preconditioners, such as block diagonal and constraint-type preconditioners. Our novel preconditioning approaches: (i) incorporate model information whilst guaranteeing parallelism, and (ii) are designed to target correlated observation error covariance matrices. To our knowledge (i) has not previously been considered for data assimilation problems. We develop new theory demonstrating the effectiveness of the new preconditioners within Krylov subspace methods. Linear and non-linear numerical experiments reveal that our new approach leads to faster convergence than existing state-of-the-art preconditioners for a broader range of problems than indicated by the theory alone. We present a range of numerical experiments performed in serial, with further improvements expected if the highly parallelisable nature of the preconditioners is exploited.


Atomic structure investigation has been carried out on inversion domain boundaries in GaN layer grown on Si(111) by molecular-beam epitaxy. The comparison of the stacking sequences between simulated and experimental high resolution electron microscopy images shows the existence of two different atomic configurations for the inversion domain boundaries: the Holt model coexists with the V model inside the same layers. A mechanism allowing the switch from one model to the other by the interaction with the I1 stacking fault is proposed.


Objective:To establish a method for the determination of monosaccharides of bletilla glucomannan by hydrophilic interaction chromatography-evaporative light scattering detection(HILIC-ELSD).Method:Bletilla glucomannan was hydrolyzed with trifluoroacetic acid(2.0 mol·L-1)at 120 ℃ for 2 h.D-Mannose and D-glucose were successfully separated on a Sugar-D waters(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm)column,using acetonitrile-water(85∶15,v/v)as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1.The drift tube temperature and air carrier gas pressure of the ELSD were set at 40 ℃ and 350 kPa,respectively.Results:As for D-mannose,the linear detection range was 0.07765-1.553 mg·mL-1(r=0.9983),the limit of detection(LOD)was 0.4659 μg,the average recoveries and relative standard deviations(RSD)were 99.4%-101.8% and 1.3%-2.0%,respectively.For D-glucose,the linear detection range was 0.08112-1.622 mg·mL-1(r=0.9988),the limit of detection(LOD)was 0.4730 μg,the average recoveries and RSD were 98.9%-102.0% and 1.1%-2.1%,respectively.Conclusion:This method is quick,simple and accurate.The method can be used for the quantitative determination and quality control of bletilla glucomannan.


A method for producing a fiber grating (6), wherein: in an irradiation step, a formed as an optical waveguide perfluorinated polymer fiber (1) comprising a fiber core and a fiber cladding, with coherent light (5) is irradiated such that the polymer fiber (1) in its longitudinal direction a periodic variation of its refractive index is effected, wherein includes the fiber core dopant molecules doped Polyperfluorobutenylvinylether, wherein the dopant molecules molecules with carbon-carbon double bonds include, with one or more aromatic rings and / or molecules with the constituents of chlorine and / or bromine.


Nearly exact six-dimensional quantum calculations of the vibration‐rotation‐tunneling ~VRT! levels of the water dimer for values of the rotational quantum numbers J and K <2 show that the SAPT-5s water pair potential presented in the preceding paper ~paper I! gives a good representation of the experimental high-resolution far-infrared spectrum of the water dimer. After analyzing the sensitivity of the transition frequencies with respect to the linear parameters in the potential we could further improve this potential by using only one of the experimentally determined tunneling splittings of the ground state in (H 2O) 2. The accuracy of the resulting water pair potential, SAPT-5st, is established by comparison with the spectroscopic data of both (H2O) 2 and (D2O) 2: ground and excited state tunneling splittings and rotational constants, as well as the frequencies of the intermolecular vibrations. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.@S0021-9606~00!30240-9#


Abstract An attempt was made to interpret the chromatic properties of osteoid seams and tetracycline labels in Rhesus monkey bone. Observation included counting the total number of different types of osteoid seams shown by the Bone stain, and the total number of tetracycline labels. Significant differences were found in the number of tetracycline foci adjacent to these seams. Of 734 osteoid seams identified by staining, 648 associated with tetracycline label. Percent labeling of different types of seams was (a) transitional seams, 99%; (b) green seams, 91%; and (c) red seams, 81%. Overall, there are 88% osteoid seams labeled by the antibiotic. The remaining 12% unlabeled may reflect quiescent bone mineralization during the period of tetracycline administration. Possibly in some instances the seams had just begun forming, and mineralization had not started.While tetracycline labeling seemed to be an index of bone formation, it was also observed that osteoid seams appeared to be another measure of this acti...


The circadian clock synchronizes the temporal activity of physiological processes with geophysical time. At the molecular level circadian rhythms arise from negative feedback loops between activator and repressor transcription factors whose opposite and rhythmic activity at gene promoters sustains cyclic transcription. Additional epigenetic mechanisms driving rhythmic transcription involve dynamic remodeling of the proximal and distal chromatin environment of cyclic genes around the day. In this context, previous studies reported that thousands of enhancer elements display rhythmic activity throughout the 24 h and more recently, 3C-based technologies have shown that circadian genes establish static and rhythmic contacts with enhancers. However, the precise mechanisms by which the clock modulates gene topology are yet to be fully characterized and at the frontier of chronobiology. Here we review evidence of the proximal and long-distance epigenetic mechanisms controlling circadian transcription in health and disease.


To have an environmental profile is more of a requirement than an objective for majorcompanies of today. As the world population and consumption habits are steadily increasing, thedemands of companies contributing to the society in terms of social-, economical- and ecologicalsustainability are increasing as well. At the same time this must be combined with a businessclimate were consumption and sales are what keeps a company evolving.The purpose of this study is to create a foundation and an understanding for different aspectswithin eco-design. It should also provide possible alternatives and aspects about the product andpossible concepts from a comfort- economical- and ecological perspective. The study isperformed at IKEA of Sweden and the product is the IKEA mattress range focusing onexchanging the foam material used as a comfort material.By using a qualitative research method and an explorative approach based on two series ofinterviews with experts within different areas valuable knowledge and information regardingmaterials and approaches were obtained.The study concludes the importance of having a structured and thought through strategy that isbased on ideology rather than a traditional mechanical product development strategy. Bymodularizing and redefining the product the possibilities of great environmental improvementpotentials are identified.The concept presented is based on a polypropylene design that with the assurance of a comfortaspect would have a significant potential in improving the products environmental impact. Froman economical point of view the product would be constructed by material that is competitivewhen it comes to raw material but probably be more expensive in producing than the product oftoday.The commitment necessary for creating a product that includes both a positive recycling and amaterial metabolism is obvious at IKEA, however it would demand restructuring and taking abusiness risk. To be the first manufacturer that is able to sell a product from a holisticenvironmental perspective would generate enormous business possibilities.


Anaemia is a common occurrence in the general population, affecting nearly one in three people worldwide, with peaks in the elderly and those with chronic diseases or micronutrient deficiency.
 If recognised, anaemia can often be treated through micronutrient administration, thus an early recognition of the disorder has a significant return in terms of Public Health and of investment.

 Hospitalisation records from a large sample of ordinary admissions over a year (2016) were retrospectively analysed, in order to assess the impact of hospital stay on anaemia prevalence, defined according to WHO criteria. Prevalence was estimated by both haemoglobin levels and anaemia-related description codes (ICD9CM) at discharge.
 Furthermore, the main diagnoses associated with loss of haemoglobin were investigated, using binary logistic regression.

 Over the 15,624 ordinary admissions, we found the prevalence rate of anaemia was 47.2% at hospital admission, increasing to 63.9% at discharge.
 During hospital stay, a mean reduction of 0.323 g/dl (SD ± 1.39) haemoglobin was recorded, in particular those with neurological, circulatory, and haematological diseases (p < 0.001). By comparing the two diagnostic criteria, a great under-reporting occurred in 85.3% patients with haemoglobin levels predictive for anaemia at hospital discharge.

 Our results highlight the importance of correctly identifying anaemia in the hospital setting as a main Public Health concern. Since haemoglobin loss is recorded during hospital stay, we propose measuring haemoglobin levels not only at admission, but also at discharge, and to enhance proper ICD9CM code inclusion in discharge records. The achievement of both these good practices would have a double effect: to properly inform all the stakeholders and to allow more than half hospital patients, those with haemoglobin levels predictive for anaemia but without specific ICD9CM code at discharge, to be cured in the proper setting.

 Anaemia often remained misidentified during hospitalisation, thus inducing a decrease in mean inpatients haemoglobin levels and a consequent increase of anaemia prevalence at discharge. Despite this worsening during hospital stay, a significant underreporting was recorded: 85.3% patients with Hb levels predictive for anaemia at hospital discharge had no specific ICD9CM code.


our project describes the tactic of measurement of
the glucose concentration and simultaneously hemoglobin within
the human blood non-invasively using the painless near
infrared-based optical technique. In recent practice, the
concentration of glucose and hemoglobin in blood is measured
using invasive techniques which generally involve pricking
finger (commercial Glucometer and samples using spectroscopy).
The frequent finger pricking causes damages on the skin and
also increases the danger of spreading infectious diseases. So,
the development of non-invasive blood sugar and hemoglobin
measurement system are going to be a boon to diabetic patients.
The designed system uses Near Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to
work out blood sugar levels supported transmittance spectroscopy
emitting signals of 940nm wavelength. These optical signals are
sent through the fingertip and reflected signals are detected by
phototransistor placed beside. The glucose concentration and
therefore the hemoglobin within the blood are determined by
analyzing the variation within the intensity of the received signal
obtained after reflection. The described system is majorly useful
for diabetic patients. In our project, we used Ardunio Uno for the
acquisition and processing of the signals. The developed low-cost
device could avoid complicated procedures and provides
continuous monitoring of glucose and hemoglobin
concentration.


The invention provides a conveying apparatus and conveying system capable of transporting cargo smoothly transmitted efficiently force luggage in any direction. A the feeder 15 provided on the conveying apparatus of the present invention (10, 11), so positioned serves to twist gear 34 below the feed roller 17 of the twist base 16, As compared with the configuration of arranging the inside feed rollers of a conventional twist gear, increase the degree of freedom of each of the shape of the twist gear 34 and feed rollers 17. As a result, It is possible to reduce the size of the twist gear 34, with the feeder 15, 15 to each other can be arranged closer than the prior art, also becomes possible to reduce the size of the feed roller 17, and luggage it becomes possible to increase the contact area between the feed rollers 17. Thus, the luggage 90 smoothly convey efficiently force luggage 90 from the feeder 15 can be transported in any direction.


Social workers can facilitate the formation of a new form of resilience to cope with the ever-changing social context of individuals and families. The resilience can be established through a new form of "Body-Mind-Spirit Transformation Therapy". Through working with chronic patients, dying patients, bereaved families, infertile couples, divorced women and disadvantaged children, the authors have developed a new intervention approach of Transformation Therapy which emphasised the building strength and resilience of individuals. This approach incorporates the body, the mind, the spirit as well as the social participation to help transform clients in "turning curses into blessings" and "transformation through pain". This growth-oriented approach help build a healthy body, healthy mind and a healthy sense of meaning of life in society. Specific examples of individuals and groups are used to illustrate how individuals and families changed into being more resilient through transformation therapy.


The article considers the possibilities and limitations of the development of agriculture in regions with extreme natural conditions, which determine a special approach to the formation of a sectoral structure and the development of agrarian policy. The author analyses the development of the industry in the planned and post-Soviet periods. He outlines the positive impact of modernization processes in the period before the liberal market reforms on the development of the agricultural sector and food self-sufficiency. The study assesses the current state of the agrarian sector, and determines the reasons for the degradation of the material and technical base, the reduction of the agricultural potential, and the decrease in the coefficient of self-sufficiency in food products. Based on the socio-economic importance of agriculture in the zone of the North and the Arctic, the author justifies differentiated directions for strengthening the local food base and increasing the current level of food self-sufficiency. The priority measures include the acceleration of innovative modernization, the formation of a diversified economy, and the improvement of economic relations. The author advises to use the study results in programming the development of the agrarian economy of the Arctic zone of Russia and its northern regions.


This paper investigates the instability of the transverse vibration of a disk excited by two corotating sliders on either side of the disk. Each slider is a mass-spring-damper system traveling at the same constant speed around the disk. There are friction forces acting in the plane of the disk at the contact interfaces between the disk and each of the two sliders. The equation of motion of the disk is established by taking into account the bending couple acting in the circumferential direction produced by the different friction forces on the two sides of the disk. The normal forces and the friction couples produced by the rotating sliders are moving loads and are seen to bring about dynamic instability. Regions of instability for parameters of interest are obtained by the method of state space. It is found that the moving loads produced by the sliders are a mechanism for generating unstable parametric resonances in the subcritical speed range. The existence of stable regions in the parameter space of the simulated example suggests that the disk vibration can be suppressed by suitable assignment of the parameter values of the sliders.


In this paper, we investigated changes in cold waves in Kurdistan region over the period 2000–2017. Cold waves it means decrease 5oc minimum temperature degree at least from the average monthly minimum temperature for this month and continues for 3 days consecutive at least. The study found 132 cold waves repeat in Kurdistan region, that is 112 waves were the type of shortwave it means %84.85 of them were shortwaves, 18 waves medium and only 2 waves were the type of long waves. About severity of the temperature of cold waves the study also, found different types, for example in all cold waves about %67.42 or 89 waves were from the type of moderate waves, 30 waves strong and 13 waves were extreme. About of the cold days over the period of time include 904 threshold cold waves, in this number 530 days were in the type of the cold day of cold waves, and 374 days were the Temperature fluctuation of cold days. As well as the paper found that the annual repetition cold waves vary from month to month, and the season to season, it was found that cold waves were highest in spring and lowest in summer. The most geographical distribution of system atmospheric pressure effect on the weather and cold waves in study area is The Siberian Heights.


Whilst the Mental Capacity Act 2005 has added clarity to a complex area, many clinical psychologists feel underskilled, anxious and ethically compromised. This article proposes a model to guide clinicians seeking greater confidence, consistency and eventual competence.


Objective:To investigate the effect of laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy in gallbladder sparing surgery for patients with cholelithiasis or gallbladder polyp and fine gallbladder function.Methods:The data of 23 patients receiving gallbladder sparing surgeries by laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy were retrospectively analyzed.Results:All the patients got satisfactory corative effect.Conclusions:For patients with cholelithiasis or gallbladder polyp and fine gallbladder function,the gallbladder sparing surgery through laparoscopy and choledochoscopy meets the social psychological requirements of modern people and improves their life quality.


The studies on the effects of environment on inflorescence d velopment of whie clover is essential to provide a sound basis for the development of measures to irnprove seed production. The emphasis in studies on the effect of-environment on infiorescence development has . been on the grosser aspects such as rates of growth and ultimate size attained rather than on details of responses in the more important components of fiorets such as embryo sac$ and nectaries. There is considerable scope for further investigation into the effect oi environment on carpel fertility7). However, new cytological techniques are required for analysis of


An ethanol extract of the dried aerial of Pedicularis densispica Franch (Scrophulariaceae) afforded a new lignan, densispicoside (1), and two new iridoids, densispicnin C and D (14, 15), together with four lignans, (+)-isolarisiresinol 3a-O-β -D-glucopyranoside (2), (-)-pinoresinol-β - D-glucopyranoside (3), syringaresinol mono-β -D-glucopyranoside (4), longifloroside B (5), eight phenylpropanoids, 4-O-β -D-glucopyranosyl-sinapic acid methyl ester (6), 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)- 1,2,3-propantriol (7), citrusin C (8), robustaside B (9), verbascoside (10), martynoside (11), 2ʺ-O-acetylverbascoside (12), cis-martynoside (13), and two iridoid glycosides, shanzhiside methyl ester (16), and 8-epiloganin (17). Their structures were established on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic studies. Bioactivity results indicate that P. densispica shows activity on PAI-1 antithrombus assay in vitro and antifatigue activities in vivo. Graphical Abstract Chemical Constituents of Pedicularis densispica Franch


The serum markers of bone formation (carboxy‐terminal propeptide of type I collagen, PICP) and resorption (pyridinoline cross‐links containing telopeptide of type I collagen, ICTP), as well as urinary resorption markers, pyridinoline (Pyr) and deoxypyridinoline (Dpyr), were studied in 78‐year‐old women with high (n = 18) and low (n = 17) bone mineral density (BMD) measured from the calcaneus and tibia. The low‐BMD group had higher values for PICP (P = 0.025), Pyr (P = 0.001) and Dpyr (P < 0.001) than the high‐BMD group. No inverse relationship between these markers and BMD was, however, observed within the study groups. ICTP, Pyr and Dpyr correlated with each other in both groups and with PICP in the high‐BMD group. Higher levels of both the formation and resorption markers of type I collagen suggest an increased rate of bone turnover and remodelling in osteopenic elderly women.