In this paper, we address the state-of-the-art of CMOS-based electronic sources and detectors developed for the THz frequency range. In particular, we present a system operating at 250 GHz exhibiting input power-related signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) exceeding 70 dB in the direct detection regime for one Hz equivalent noise bandwidth. It combines the state-of-the-art detector based on CMOS field-effect-transistors (FET) and a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) employing SiGe bipolar transistors provided by the BiCMOS process. The manuscript presents different emitter–detector pair operation modalities, including data transmission, spectroscopy, and imaging.


Silicon nanocone arrays are formed on porous silicon substrates by plasma etching in a hot filament chemical vapour deposition system. The as-formed Si nanocones were characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray analysis, and Raman spectroscopy. The results indicate that the nanocone is composed of a silicon core coated with a thin amorphous carbon (a-C) layer produced by carbon-bearing plasma etching. Plasma etching is a key factor in the formation of the nanocone arrays, while re-condensation of evaporated silicon atoms on the tip of the as-etched cone also occurs. Field emission measurements show that the a-C coating can effectively enhance the field emission ability of the nanocone arrays due to the decrease of the surface work function from 4.15 to 2.37 eV.


Over the last fifteen years, Sandia National Laboratories Security Systems and Technology Center, Department 5800, has been involved in several laboratory tests of various biometric identification devices. These laboratory tests were conducted to verify the manufacturer`s performance claims, to determine strengths and weaknesses of particular devices, and to evaluate which devices meet the US Department of Energy`s unique needs for high-security devices. However, during a recent field installation of one of these devices, significantly different performance was observed than had been predicted by these laboratory tests. This report documents the data analysis performed in the search for an explanation of these differences.


The paper addresses a new approach to supporting the continuous integration of modules for distributed applied software packages (scientific applications) that are developed in the Orlando Tools framework. We consider the packages for implementing experiments in heterogeneous distributed computing environments that integrate Grid systems, cloud platforms, and resources of public access supercomputer centers. Such packages are characterized by the modular structure, intense change of algorithmic knowledge implemented by modules, computations scalability, and execution in heterogeneous resources. In the packages, computational processes are represented by problem-solving schemes that closely correlate with the workflow concept. The essence and novelty of the proposed approach come from the merge of a methodology creating the packages with the modern practice of software development based on continuous integration. We automate and unify module assembly processes on both the dedicated servers and package developer machines through using the specialized virtual machines. In contrast to the well-known tools, we support the synthesis of the test problem-solving schemes in the automated mode. The practical applications of the developed prototype of the continuous integration system show the significant reducing the time of debugging, testing, and deploying the package modules.


Corn is one of the world's three major cereals. There are three major corn-producing areas in China. Comparing to other crops corn mechanization harvest develops slowly. With the development of agricultural mechanization,corn harvest has become one of the bottlenecks. In recent years with the impact of demand growth in the international and domestic markets,the economic benefits of corn planting are more and more obvious. The National Corn planting area is becoming more and more. Corn harvest mechanization to achieve both the increase grain production and ensure food security,or to enhance the comprehensive agricultural mechanization level of the entire process is very significant.


This study aims to predict the pollution level that threatens the Marilao-Meycauayan-Obando River System (MMORS), located in the province of Bulacan, Philippines. The inhabitants of this area are now being exposed to pollution. Contamination of this waterway comes from both formal and informal industries, such as a used lead-acid battery, open dumpsites metal refining, and other toxic metals. Using various water quality parameters like Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Potential of Hydrogen (pH), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Nitrate, Phosphate, and Coliform are the basis for predicting the pollution level. Base on the sample data collected from January 2013 to May 2018. These are used as a training data and test results to predict the river condition with its corresponding pollution level classification indicated. Random Forest decision tree model got an accuracy of 99.38% with a Kappa value of 0.8303 interpreted as "Strong" in terms of the level of agreement and GIS model shows the heat map of the different water quality parameter and Water Quality Index (WQI) spatial distribution, the majority of the sampling station are greatly polluted provided that they have "Poor" and "Very Poor."


Some aspects of crevice influence on fuel losses under different air-fuel mixtures and engine load were presented. Quantitative estimate of fuel losses were done. The real fuel losses (around 4% from cycle fuel amount) are larger than HC concentration measured in exhaust gases. These losses reduce significantly engine efficiency. It is possible to reduce these losses with lean mixtures and with stratified charge.


This paper explores the experiences of Zimbabwean rural women forced to relocate to the city of Harare during the liberation war in the 1970s. Women found themselves squeezed between a repressive colonial government and coercive guerrilla armies. The accompanying war-induced violence from both sides of the combattants led to massive displacements as women and their families fled from the war-torn areas to urban centres like Harare. Within women's stories of flight are reflections of gender relations in a war fought largely in the rural areas where women were the majority of the dwellers, and a war in which most of the combattants were male. Gender relations thus informed, and were influenced by the war. Women's narratives also reveal the socio-economic and emotional costs of the war hardly acknowledged in the nationalist discourse about the liberation war. At the centre of these accounts is a revelation of resistance, courage, fear, and above all agency by rural women under very difficult circumstances.


Digestion of bovine αs1-casein with bovine trypsin produced peptide(s) with an inhibitory effect on concanavalin A-induced proliferation of mouse spleen cells. One of these peptides was isolated from the αs1-casein digest following ultrafiltration, hydroxyapatite chromatography and reversed-phase HPLC, and amino acid composition and sequence analyses showed it to be sequence 59–79 from the phosphoserine-rich region of αs1-casein. The isolated peptide significantly inhibited the concanavalin A-induced proliferation of mouse spleen cells and rabbit Peyer's patch cells, whereas it enhanced the lipopolysaccharide- and phytohaemagglutinin-induced proliferation of both cells. The peptide displayed mitogenic activity in the cell cultures without the commercial mitogen, and significantly enhanced immunoglobulin production. Moreover, residues 1–25 from the phosphoserine-rich region of bovine β-casein had a similar effect on the proliferation of mouse spleen cells and rabbit Peyer's patch cells stimulated or not stimulated by the commercial mitogen. These results indicate that caseinophosphopeptides may act as a humoral immunostimulator in cell cultures.


Leakage current from portable appliances has been limited to 0.5 mA American National Standards Institute (ANSI), Committee C101.1. Typical leakage currents are presented, and the effects of temperature, humidity, grounding, bonding, and circuit conditions on the measured values are discussed. Information on the measurement instrument, its frequency response, input impedance, and sensing characteristics is given.


At least one of translucent and in parallel to each of the opposing surfaces and a plurality of conductive layers 11 and 18 a pair of substrates 10, 17 which are formed a plurality adjacent vital between a pair of substrates 10 and 17 adsorption electrically connected in series and formed photoelectric conversion element 1a, a 1b, adjacent photoelectric conversion element 1a, and an insulating layer 16 formed between 1b, the photoelectric conversion element 1a, 1b is a dye a porous semiconductor layer 12, the electrolyte layer 13 and catalyst layer 14 is, the insulating layer 16, dye-sensitized solar cell module characterized by comprising formed in two or more degrees substrate thickness direction.


Interactions with teachers and peers are critical for children's social, behavioral, and academic development in the classroom context. However, these two types of interpersonal interactions in the classroom are usually pursued via separate lines of inquiries. The current study bridges these two areas of research to examine the way in which teachers influence child-perceived peer social support and peer victimization for 2,678 children within 183 classrooms in preschool through grade three. Two levels of teacher influence are considered, namely teacher–child closeness and conflict relationships at the child-level, and teacher management of interpersonal interactions at the classroom-level. Results of multilevel regression models showed that teacher–child closeness was associated with the growth of child-perceived peer social support from fall to spring, whereas teacher–child conflict and teachers' behavior management practices were associated with the change in child-perceived peer victimization across the academic year. These associations were unique and above and beyond the influence of children's actual peer social interactions, including reciprocal friendships and the collective classroom reputation of peer victimization. Collectively, findings highlight the multi-faceted teacher roles in shaping children's perceptions of their peer social experiences during the earliest years of schooling.


Anomalies in computer networks has increased in the last decades and raised concern to create techniques to identify these unusual traffic patterns. This research aims to use data mining techniques in order to correctly identify these anomalies. Weka is a collection of machine learning algorithms for data mining tasks - was used to identify and analyse anomalies of a data set called SPAMBASE in order to improve this environment.


The complexity and resilience of urban public transit network (PTN) are the interdisciplinary study area between transportation engineering and system science, which is a good demonstration of applying complex network theory to promote the development of engineering science. The deep understanding of this study helps to provide a new perspective for analyzing the reliability of urban PTN. Following study process of the complexity and resilience of complex network, this paper reviews the complexity and resilience of PTN from four topics, i.e., the PTN complexity, the static resilience of PTN, the dynamic resilience (cascading failures based resilience) of single layered PTN, and the dynamic resilience of interdependent PTN. In the literature review, multiple key items are, respectively, extracted for each topic, and the engineering applicability of each topic is also analyzed, which are both for obtaining the key features of this study area. Finally, in order to realize the development trend of cyclic and forward—complex network theory, network resilience theory, transforming into a realistic model and method that is close to actual public transit operation, engineering application and practice, and contributing to complex network theory, the study status is summarized and the future development trend is prospected.


The paper reviews the improvement obtained in the performance of side-vented explosion pots when they are shunted by resistors.First, it is shown that the rating of explosion pots is determined by two critical regions, one of which determines the maximum voltage rating, whilst the other determines the maximum breaking-current rating. The effect of resistors on these critical regions is first described and then illustrated by actual test results.Secondly, it is shown that the resistors shunting the pots can also be used to give even voltage-distribution over several pots in series.The application of resistors in practice is illustrated by the description of a 132-kV oil circuit-breaker rated at 2,500 MVA.The effect of the resistors when breaking small currents in inductive and capacitive circuits is discussed in detail.A discussion follows on the validity of testing separately one pole of a 3-phase separate-tank breaker, having two breaks per pole, by applying the full 3-phase output of the test plant, the third Jerminal being obtained by bringing out through the tank wall a connection from the moving cross-bar.In conclusion, actual performances are illustrated by test results obtained on one pole of a 3-phase, 132-kV, 2,500-MVA breaker.


We applied stereo-photogrammetric methods to more than 200 OSIRIS NAC images of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P/C-G) that have been acquired from onboard the Rosetta spacecraft in August/September 2014. From this high-resolution SPG shape model at 2 m lateralsampling and a typical vertical accuracy at the decimeter scale, we present global three-dimensional views of the
nucleus, as well as various regional and local close-ups of some prominent areas of this unique body


Mihail Manoilescu is part of the series of those economists criticized in different ways, from the exaggeratedly appreciatively reviews to those that do not recognize any of his merits. The success of an analysis to place him where he rightfully belongs is related to taking into consideration a criterion –that of historical time in which Mihail Manoilescu formed himself as a state man and a science man. Only like this, only when thinking about the inter-war period, of great creative effervescence, of real renaissance for Romania, of affirmation and consolidation of the economy and of the Romanian state, of his imposing in the world economy, we can understand better the logic of his starting premises and of his judgments he based his theory on.


Photopolymerizable nanoparticle-polymer composite (NPC) is a photonic nanocomposite material consisting of photopolymer uniformly dispersed with nanoparticles (e.g., SiO2 and ZrO2) [1]. The distribution of dispersed nanoparticles can be manipulated holographically by light. This technique, the so-called holographic assembly of nanoparticles in polymer [2], enables us to perform the single step formation of large area photonic lattice structures for photonic applications such as holographic data storage, holographic diffractive elements and nonlinear optics [1]. Furthermore, we showed that holographic NPC gratings could control slow-neutron (cold and very cold neutron) beams for neutron interferometer [3]. Here we demonstrate for the first time the use of nanodiamonds (NDs), an intriguing allotrope of carbon [4], in NPCs to construct holographic NPC gratings with very large refractive index modulation amplitudes (Δn) and thus to efficiently control light and slow-neutron beams. This is possible because NDs have very high bulk refractive index at optical wavelengths and very large coherent and very small incoherent scattering cross sections with low absorption at slow-neutron wavelengths.


The Peace-Athabasca Delta (PAD), Canada, has been the subject of much interest during the last 30 years, particularly with respect to apparent changes in flooding and potentially resulting changes in vegetation patterns and ecosystem function. Tracking these changes is exceedingly difficult using traditional hydrological and ecological monitoring techniques. This paper attempts to present a geomatics based approach for monitoring the spatio-temporal changes that occur within this productive wetland area. A combination of Radarsat SAR and visible-infrared satellite images was used to generate flood maps for the six-year period between 1996 and 2001. These maps clearly depict the extent of the 1996 and 1997 overland floods and the subsequent water level draw down. A spatial flood-duration map based on the flood maps of individual years was also generated, and shows regions in the delta where the frequency of flooding appears to be highest. Such maps are invaluable for any ecological change detection protocols that may be developed for this region. The general vegetation patterns in the PAD were also mapped using multi-temporal SPOT-4 images from the summer of 2001. The accuracy of the 2001 vegetation map was assessed to 86%. By comparing the vegetation and flood duration maps, the relationship between vegetation patterns and duration of flooding could be examined. Airborne scanning LiDAR data from the summer of 2000 were also used to generate a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of selected non-flooded areas. The LiDAR accuracy was satisfactory and the DEM proved to be quite detailed and useful for understanding the subtle topographic patterns in this relatively flat region. It was shown that a relationship existed between vegetation patterns and topography by comparing the vegetation map to the DEM. Because of the usefulness of these spatial databases, it is recommended that flood maps and vegetation maps are generated annually to monitor the changes that occur in the delta.


Copyright  2015 irjpbs. Aim of the present study is to evaluate the preventive role of phytic acid on mitochondrial lipid peroxides, antioxidants and lipids in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial infarction (MI) in male Wistar rats. Rats subcutaneously injected with ISO (85 mg/kg) at an interval of 24 h for 2 days resulted in a significant increase in the levels of mitochondrial lipid peroxides with a significant decrease in the activities of mitochondrial antioxidants (SOD, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-Stransferase and reduced glutathione). Induction of ISO also showed a significant increase in the levels of mitochondrial cholesterol, triglycerides and free fatty acids with a subsequent decrease in the levels of phospholipids. Oral pretreatment with phytic acid (25 and 50 mg/kg) to ISO-induced rats daily for a period of 56 days significantly decreased the levels of mitochondrial lipid peroxides with a significant increase in the activities of mitochondrial antioxidants and significantly minimized the alterations in the mitochondrial lipid levels in ISO-induced rats. Thus, the findings demonstrate that phytic acid prevents alterations in mitochondrial lipid peroxides, antioxidants and lipids in ISO-induced MI in rats.


The paper makes a study of how the knowledge network context contributes to the innovation performance of the firms in the network, and further establishes a regression analysis model, which takes objective, trust, communication, rules and risk control as independent variables and the firm's technological innovation performance as the dependent variable. Based on first-hand data of 74 software companies in China, the analysis shows that communication and risk control exert significant positive effects on the firm's technological innovation performance. The paper further explores, through regression analysis, the relations and effects among independent variables, finding that the maturity of rules have remarkable positive effects on the risk control of knowledge network, and that trust and rules have notable positive effects on communication effectiveness.


Purpose
This study provided empirical support for the model that explain the formation of privacy concerns in the perspective of Information Boundary Theory. This study investigated an integrated model suggesting that privacy concerns are formed by the individual`s disposition to value privacy, privacy awareness, awareness of privacy policy, and government legislation.
The Information Boundary Theory suggests that the boundaries of information space dependends on the individual`s personal characteristics and environmental factors of e-commerce. When receiving a request for personal information from e-commerce websites, an individual assesses the risk depending on the risk-control assessment, the perception of intrusion give rise to privacy concerns.
Design/methodology/approach
This study empirically tested the hypotheses with the data collected in a survey that included the items measuring the constructs in the model. The survey was aimed at university students. and a causal modeling statistical technique(PLS) is used for data analysis in this research.
Findings
The results of the survey indicated significant relationships among environmental factors of e-commerce websites, individual`s personal privacy characteristics and privacy concerns. Both individual`s awareness of institutional privacy assurance on e-commerce and the privacy characteristics affect the risk-control assessment towards information disclosure, which becomes an essential components of privacy concerns.


OBJECTIVE:To identify the structure of sesamin single crystal.METHODS:To analyse the data obtained from X-ray diffraction(XRD)of single crystal.The structure of sesamin single crystal was analyzed by means of IR spectrum,UV spectrum,MS,1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR.All the NMR signals were assigned.Based on the mass spectral data,the data of the main molecular ion was discussed.IR spectrum was analyzed to derive the types of vibration of the functional groups of this compound.RESULTS:The structure of sample was same to sesamin single crystal;IR,UV,MS and NMR spectrum were same to the spectrum of sesamin control.CONCLUSION:Spetrum and data of the trial can provide reference for the analysis of sesamin and similar compounds.


The distribution and abundance of selected benthic plants and animals were evaluated under varying current regimes at Dover Point, New Hampshire, U.S. A., an estuarine tidal rapid site. Pronounced spatial changes in current velocities occur across the tidal channel at Dover Point, varying from negligible at the margins to 5.5 knots in mid-channel. Two parallel bridges cross the channel, each having eight hexagonally shaped piers. The maximum number of taxa/pier were located in areas of moderate currents, where a variety of current-sensitive and current-tolerant species existed. In contrast, the lowest number of taxa/pier occurred in areas with strong ebb tidal currents. Of the seven most conspicuous intertidal organisms on the bridge piers, Semibalanus balanoides had the highest percentage coverage and the broadest tolerance to currents. Porphyra umbilicalis and Blidingia minima were found in high current regimes, with the latter missing some current due to its high level in the zonation. Mytilus edulis occurred in ebb-dominated areas, but it was sporadically distributed, presumably because of extensive predation. Gigartina stellata was restricted to intermediate currents with some reduced intertidal populations, perhaps due to ice scouring. Ascophyttum nodoswn and Fucus vesiculosus var. spiralis were absent and/or stunted in the mid-channel areas with strongest currents; they were also vertically restricted from Iow intertidal areas with strong currents. The abundance of Porphyra umbilicalis and F. vesiculosus var. spiralis, showed a significant inverse linear relationship suggesting the occurrence of interspecific competition. In addition, extensive interspecific competition between Chondrus crispus and Mytilus edulis was noted. Examples of widespread predation and grazing by several invertebrates are discussed. The average stature and abundance of Ascophyllum and Fucus were statistically ex am i n ed for correlations with current velocity. A variety of comparisons between the Dover Point and Lough Ine, Ireland tidal rapids are made.


We present our experience of broadband seismic equipment application to detect changes of roadbed railway state in operation. Aim: to obtain experimental validation to expand the scientific basis of geophysical surveys in roadbed railway state monitoring and identifying hazardous processes at an early stage. Methods: seismic records were obtained by the authors on the Northern railway section. Seismic data were processed using a low-frequency filter of 0.5 Hz and analysis of points movement trajectories of the roadbed railway, we performed numerical modelling of the stress-strain state of the soil when specifying various physical parameters, the results were compared with the experiment. Results: We have shown experimentally and by numerical simulation that by conducting near the railway track vibrations registration formed by passing trains and analyzing the amplitudes change of these vibrations in the low-frequency band (periods of about 100 seconds), it is possible to identify potentially dangerous phenomena in the roadbed. Field observations showed changes in amplitude of oscillations during seasonal flooding; the results are consistent with modeling. The possibility of identifying the stages of freezing-thawing of the soil and associated negative processes is considered. By discussing the parameters of modern seismic equipment, the possibilities and applicability of different types of seismic sensors for roadbed railway monitoring as well as the organization of a smart monitoring system are shown. Conclusion : The possibility of using passing trains vibrations to detect changes of the roadbed railway state by analyzing the amplitudes of these vibrations is proved. Recommendations for seismic sensors choice and organization of smart roadbed state monitoring system are presented.


Abstract : The purpose of this study is to determine the mechanisms by which the posttranslational SUMO modification regulates the activity of the forkhead box protein A1 (Foxa 1). Major findings: We have demonstrated the sumoylation of Foxa 1 in several breast cancer cell lines. Analysis of the Foxa 1 protein sequence identified two potential sumoylation sites. Lysine to arginine substitution of the conserved lysine (K6) abolished Foxa 1 sumoylation suggesting that the K6 is the primary sumoylation site. In contrast to the related forkhead box protein A2 (Foxa 2) in which the K6R mutation induced protein destabilization, mutation of the conserved K6 sumoylation site did not strongly affect the stability of the Foxa1 protein. In transfection experiments, Foxa1 induced activation of the p27Kip 1 promoter activity was downregulated by SUMO-1 demonstrating that SUMO-1 negatively regulates Foxa 1 activity. On the contrary, the nonsumoylatable mutant of Foxa 1 (Foxa 1 K6R) activated the p27Kip 1 promoter to a lower extent compared with the wild type Foxa 1 suggesting that the K6 and its modification/s are required for the transcriptional activity of Foxa 1. Together, our results show that Foxa 1 is modified by sumoylation on lysine, K6, and the SUMO modification of Foxa1 modulates the activity of Foxa 1 on its target genes in breast cancer cells.


Three specimens of the family Epinephelidae and two specimens of the family Haemulidae with abnormal coloration, were obtained from Jubail City, Saudi Arabia, Arabian Gulf coast. The epaulet grouper Epinephelus stoliczkae specimens were obtained from the fish market at Jubail City originated from Sultanate of Oman, while the two haemulid species, Plectorhinchus stoliczkae and P. sordidus were collected from the Saudi Arabian waters of the Arabian Gulf at Jubail City. These are the first documented cases of color aberration in those species. A description of the color anomalies is provided.


Optical methods are widely used for structural and functional imaging of biological tissue. Recent progress in miniaturization of photonic systems has opened the possibility of integrated biointerfaces in a compact implantable or wearable form factor. However, traditional integrated photonics based on rigid dielectric materials cannot address the need for flexibility and compliance to the soft tissues of the body. Here, we present a flexible and biocompatible photonic platform realized entirely in Parylene C and Polydimethysiloxane (PDMS) with integrated micromirrors for out-of-plane input/output coupling as a new platform for biophotonics.


2014 Thin film superconducting microbridges which exhibit Josephson effects have been fabricated by electron-beam lithographic techniques. The experiments performed on these samples included the study of both the microwave-induced steps (at 35.80 GHz) in the I-V curves and the temperature dependence of the critical current near the superconducting transition temperature. The size of these rectangular bridges were measured by electron microscopy and had dimensions that were typically in the 0.1 to 0.4 03BC range. Samples were fabricated using a variety of vacuumevaporated metallurgies, e. g. Al, Sn, Pb and Nb. The fabrication technique affords the possibility of independently varying the length, width or thickness of the link. In this way, the turn-on of the Josephson effects or the transition from bulk-like superconducting properties to Josephson behavior can be studied. Thus for Nb links whose length and width were less than approximately 0.4 03BC and whose thickness was about 0.1 03BC, microwave-induced harmonic steps appear in the I-V curves in a range near Tc which satisfy the Josephson relation. As yet, no subharmonic steps have been observed. The sensitivity of the bridges to the rf power level appears to be quite high as will be discussed. Also as the size of these Nb samples is reduced, the behavior of the critical current near Tc also changes. An additional size effect is observed in some of the Nb bridges wherein the Tc of the link itself is reduced below that of bulk Nb. This effect will be discussed with reference to both sample size and fabrication parameters. JUNCTlON FA BRICA TION TECHNlQUES., Article published online by EDP Sciences and available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rphysap:0197400901016500


Swimming is an all-pervading movement.Now,more and more people have pay an attention to the effects on human skin and hair during swimming.In this paper,the influence on human skin and hair caused by chemical composition of swimming pool and ultraviolet ray were summarized separately,at the same time,the protective and restore measures during and after swimming were proposed.All of these indicated it is very important to develop and improve the cosmetics adapt to natator.


Coin Hoards formed with the last issues in the name of Theodosius and his sons stand out as one of the most important numismatic repositories of ancient Hispania. It comprises a large group of aes hoards and a non negligible list of solidi treasures of Arcadius and Honorius, marking the moment at which the Roman currency in Hispania was frozen, in the early 5th century. This paper studies the most typical of the hoards formed with bronze coins: that which preferably includes maiorinae -the so called AE 2- minted before 395. The unequal distribution pattern of these coins leads to the problema of economic compartimentalisation in the territory and to the probable distribution flows.


Written in the spirit of cognitive semantics, the paper is an attempt at analysing the limited understanding by Christian believers of the Trinitarian dogma as presented in biblical and theological texts. Though ultimately an insoluble mystery for human reason, the dogma can be shown to have ameasure of metaphorical and metonymic coherence. At the same time, the paper claims that human access to transcendental notions is, in a deep sense, inevitably metaphorical, and consists of an elaborate network of mappings of human-sized notions onto the domain of the divine. This network is claimed to be amanifestation ofthe root metaphor GOD-HUMAN. The author further claims that the opposite root metaphor, HUMAN-GOD, constitutes one of the warrants, together with divine inspiration and the context provided by Revelation, of the truth of statements about God made on the basis of the first root metaphor.


This third volume in the International Technology Education Series provides insights into developments in technology education research in terms of methods and techniques. The importance of the boo ...


An analysis of 25 libraries and 100 users of different categories have been conducted to measure the satisfaction level of users on library networking and resource sharing activities among the major libraries in Bangladesh. The key variables for this study include: the existing status of infrastructur es and facilities, collections, mode of subscription of journals, user's visit to the libraries, availability of services and use of databases. User's suggestions to improve the library services have also been included.


Objectives: To investigate what factors contribute to increased length of stay (LOS) and increased costs in treatment of elderly patients with hip fractures. Design: Retrospective chart review. Setting: All patients who presented to a large tertiary care center between January 2000 and December 31, 2009. Participants: Charts for all patients older than 60 years who presented with isolated low-energy hip fractures were reviewed. Of the 719 patients identified, 660 were included. Intervention: Patients who underwent operative fixation or hemiarthroplasty secondary to hip fracture were identified using a search of Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes search. Main Outcome Measurements: Gender, height, weight, body mass index, length of procedure, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, and medical comorbidities were gathered and compared with LOS and direct daily inpatient hospital cost. Results: No correlation existed between body mass index or specific comorbidities and LOS, but ASA classification was a predictor. For each ASA increase of 1, average LOS increased 2.053 days (P < 0.001). Given total daily cost to the hospital for these patients was $4530, each increase in ASA classification translated to an increase of $9300. Conclusions: ASA classification proved useful in estimating LOS and cost for patients undergoing operative fixation of hip fractures. Because ASA classification and cost are universally collected, this method can be employed in almost any hospital. This highlights a role for ASA classification in preoperative estimation of the elderly patient's cost and a potential advantage for incorporating patient factors in the development of tiered reimbursement models. Level of Evidence: Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.


Fault-tolerant system of Reconfigurable Hardware(RH) with centralized controller has the shortcomings of complex reconfiguration algorithm and long reconstruction time,and the system will be invalidation when the controller is in fail.To realize online distributed fault-tolerant in-chip,a new RH architecture of cell arrays was proposed,which has the ability to achieve in-chip self-repairing.The method of fault localization and self-repairing for interconnection circuit between electronic cells in RH are described in detail.The electronic cell circuit and a Fault-Tolerant Switch Block(FT-SB) in RH are designed.The fault-tolerant method of interconnection circuit includes two stages.Firstly,the MUXs in FT-SB and the connection lines between FT-SBs in the fault channels are detected,then the re-routing and line-shift methods in interconnection circuit are introduced to heal the fault MUXs and the broken lines respectively.The implementation and simulation experiment of a 4-bit serial-parallel multiplier are presented.The performance analysis of fault-tolerant time and hardware resources consumption show that the fault-tolerant performance of the interconnection circuits in new RH is improved greatly.


We look into the problem of recognizing citation functions in scientific literature, trying to reveal authors' rationale for citing a particular article. We introduce an annotation scheme to annotate citation functions in scientific papers with coarse-to-fine-grained categories, where the coarse-grained annotation roughly corresponds to citation sentiment and the finegrained annotation reveals more about citation functions. We implement a Maximum Entropy-based system trained on annotated data under this scheme to automatically classify citation functions in scientific literature. Using combined lexical and syntactic features, our system achieves the F-measure of 67%.


This study implemented a qualitative approach to examine the phenomenon of "inquiry-based science pedagogy or inquiry instruction" as it has been experienced by individuals. Data was collected through online open-ended surveys, focus groups, and teacher reported self-reflections to answer the research questions: 1) How do middle level science teachers conceptualize "inquiry-based instruction?" 2) What are preferred instructional strategies for implementation in middle level science classrooms? And 3) How do middle level science teachers perceive the connection between science instruction and student learning? Findings support the need for strong, job-embedded professional development, the cultivation of learning communities dedicated to the investigation and implementation of inquiry-based science, the focusing of curricular programming to allow for in depth investigation of scientific concepts, and the commitment of time and resources to support effective science instruction. It is recommended that additional support be provided to teachers of science to engage in job shadowing, field experiences and internships to allow for the uncovering of applications of science beyond the classroom. These research findings could inform the work of the educational reformers, professional developers, teacher preparation programmers, and researchers as they aspire to improve the quality of student learning and science instruction.


The general computation of Single Crane and Open Complex Restrained Rope System is chiefly presented in this paper. It is with Picard iteration that general iteration formula of the dynamic point coordinate and general formula of rope inner force, with respect to Single Crane and Open Complex Restrained Rope System, have been established, and the key programming technique that performs general computation have been described. Analysis of the typical example resultant make known that the general computation is very efficient and Picard iteration is of important engineering value.


Effect of irradiation processing in combination with retort (thermal) processing on the shelf life and safety of ethnic Indian food products namely chicken pulav was investigated. Ready-to-eat chicken pulav was irradiated in air atmosphere at room temperature with 60Co gamma source and retort processed at F0 value of 3.0. Dosimetry was carried out using Ceric-Cerous dosimeter to determine the delivered dose to each sample and found to be in the range of 2.0 kGy to 5.0 kGy at a dose rate of 0.6 kGy/h with an accuracy of ± 5%. The combination processed chicken pulav was analysed for microbiological, sensory and chemical characteristics. Microbiological analysis indicated that irradiation in combination with retort processing has significantly reduced the microbial loads (P ˂ 0.05). The changes in chemical characteristics and sensory quality on storage were insignificant. The combination of irradiation with retort processing resulted in greater overall reduction in microbial loads, extended shelf life and improved organoleptic qualities.


International tourism is expected to be a major vehicle of economic development in industrializing countries in the twenty-first century. Countries with tourism-based economies must develop approaches for employing their comparative advantages to achieve competitive advantages. However, competitiveness in the tourist industry is multi-dimensional and complex. This study proposes that the competitiveness of a tourist destination should be composed of (1) Ricardo's comparative advantages (RCA), including the conditions of natural endowments (exogenous comparative advantages) and the degree of technological change (endogenous comparative advantages); (2) Porter's competitive advantages (PCA), explaining the increase in trade among countries with similar factorial portfolios than in trade pattern determination; (3) tourism management, providing high-quality education and training to enhance RCA and PCA; and (4) environmental conditions, including the domestic and the global environmental conditions. Analytic hierarchy process is employed to weight these evaluation dimensions, elements, and indicators in the proposed tourism competitiveness measuring model, and application discussions are also given.


This is to call attention to some misleading statements in the paper. In the abstract of that paper, the author states "Also, no relationship between density and the occurrence of oil and gas fields was apparent." He then reenforces that statement later in the paper. To the casual reader, this would appear to imply that rock bulk density is unrelated to the occurrence of hydrocarbons. I believe this is misleading for two reasons.


Roller Coaster Dream, a Chinese roller coaster enthusiast club, is a good example of an emerging fanbase in a rapidly developing theme park market.


Learning outcomes
The learning outcomes are as follows: to understand why talent management is a vital component of a company's broader strategy for long-term operational excellence; to understand the impact of generation, life stage and career stage on an employee's professional needs, goals and expectations of their firm; to understand how organisational culture contributes, in this case, to ineffective people management practices; and to develop a talent management strategy: new policies, processes or practices that will address the identified issues and create a sustainable pipeline of talent.

Case overview/synopsis
This case finds the successful agro-processing firm Namib Mills in a state of internal tension in April 2019. As Namibia's premier supplier of staple food products, Namib Mills is performing well in a struggling economy. Then yet, CEO Ian Collard is concerned that his senior management team is not exhibiting the kind of leadership and strategic management needed to take the company into the future. As Ian examines the issue further – with the aid of a report from an external consultant – he begins to see that the weaknesses of his senior managers, who are prone to micromanaging and poor communication, are part of a bigger issue of talent management in the firm. The junior employees, who are energetic and ready to innovate, are growing restless as they wait for career growth and promotion opportunities. The rising leaders in middle management are also struggling to break through. Ian must confront how organisational culture and generational diversity within this family-owned business have created talent management barriers and develop a strategy for sustainably developing employees into the leaders of the future.

Complexity academic level
This case is designed for a master's level management program and is well-suited for courses that deal with organisational behaviour, people management or human resources management. Specifically, the case is aimed at students interested in talent management, generational diversity and organisational culture.

Subject code
CSS 6: Human Resource Management.


A voltage monitor according to an embodiment of the present invention includes receiving a clock, a being connected to at least one of the pre-delay cells, the data path for receiving an output of the at least one pre-delay cell having a first delay in size, the second delay series-connected data delay cells having a size, is coupled to the clock path for receiving the clock, the third delay connected in series clock delay cells having a size, and the data delay cells in response to each of the delayed clock of the clock delay cell It may include a latch circuit for latching the output values of each.


After the death of Gerold I of Bavaria in 799 his command was divided between two independent functionaries, and a genuine frontier organisation was set up in order to defend and secure the marches, rather than to expand them. This radical change of policy was brought about by the end of the military expansion of the Carolingians. In the «division of the kingdom» in 806 Charlemagne urged his sons to be content with their kingdoms and to protect them against external threat, and in the «disposition of the empire» of 817 Louis the Pious attempted to further reduce the possibility of war of aggression. A period of consolidation and containment asked for an effective defence system and, consequently, a march organisation came into being. A prefect commanded a given border region, holding sway over other Prankish counts, and also over tribal princes, duces. The Ottonians did not renew the Carolingian march system with a hierarchy of counts and tribal princes. Their marches were to become small and effective un...


For k ? 0, 0 ? ? ? 1, and some convolution operator 1, the object of this
 paper is to introduce a generalized family TUnp (1, ?, k, b, ?) of
 p-valently analytic functions of complex order b ? C \ {0} and type ? ? [0,
 p). Apart from studying certain coefficient, radii and subordination
 problems, we prove that TUnp (1, ?, k, b, ?) is convex and derive its
 extreme points. Moreover, the closedness of this family under the modified
 Hadamard product is discussed. Several previously established results are
 obtained as particular cases of our theorems.


Corresponding author: Francisco Javier Peris-Felipo, E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Copyright © 2016, Safahani et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Braconidae (Hymenoptera) communities of Iranian alfalfa fields at high altitudes


This thesis is concerned with defining and solving the supply vessel weather routing problem. The particular problem in focus will be Statoil's supply circuit in the middle North Sea, including the Johan Sverdrup oil field. The thesis considers a single platform supply vessel doing a single trip to supply a given number of platforms. The goal is to find the cost optimal route. The approach will use standard weather forecasts and ship resistance models to calculate the cost for each candidate route. The supplying of offshore installations are done with platform supply vessels. Today, these PSVs follow a weekly schedule in order to supply the installations and do not automatically account for severe weather. This can cause unwanted delays, extra vessel days, and in worst case installations shutting down production due to lack of supplies. The main objective of this master thesis is to explore the topic of weather routing for supply vessels. The approach is to develop and document a 'proof-of-concept' MATLAB program, attempting to solve the supply vessel weather routing problem. The core part of the program is the cost function, which can be tow energy, brake energy, fuel consumption, CO2-emissions or operational costs for the supply vessel. This function is subject to be minimised in order to find the cost optimal route. Some restrictions apply: Crane operations on rigs are subject to wave height limitations, typically 4 meters. Cranes stop due to severe weather and nightly close-downs (of crane operations) introduce dynamic time windows.


The periodic mesoporous organosilica having the tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP) unit was successfully synthesized by the direct co-condensation method using microwave with the corresponding tetra-silane. The tetra-silane precursor, TCPP-silsesquioxane was prepared through the reaction of TCPP with the APTES(3-Aminopropyltrietoxysilane). And TCPP-PMOs were synthesized with sodium metasilicate as a silica source and P123 (EO20PO70EO20) as a supramolecular template at 100 °C. The TCPP-PMO-n (n = 2.5 and 5.0, n refers to the molar percentage of TCPP precursor per silica) materials had >400 m2 g−1 of specific surface areas with ∼8.7 nm of pore diameter. TCPP-PMOs were illustrated to give superiority in the organocatalytic hydrogen transfer reactions of various ketones such as acetophenone, cyclohexanone and pinacolone as well as good activity in the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) without metal incorporation. Fe-TCPP-PMO prepared by ion-exchange method gave also good activity and selectivity in the oxidation of cyclohexene.


There has been developed a method for calculation of the power required for drive of ridged combing and hauling drams of flex-harvesting machines. The method considers power consumption for combing of seed boxes from stems, bending of stems with ridge teeth and ridge penetration through the mass, overcoming of tilts and tangling of stems, suppression of stems in the layer and overcoming of friction between stem mass and teeth.


Application of a modified form of weighted least squares estimation in radioactivity assay utilizing the entire pulse-height distribution (spectrum) obtained from the scintillation counting of radionuclide mixtures is discussed. It is assumed, in the model used in applying this procedure, that the pulse-height spectrum resulting from a mixture of radionuclides is a linear combination of the spectra associated with the constituent nuclides with superimposed statistical variations described as the error structure. In this paper problems associated with incomplete and overspecified regression models, as applied to radionuclide assay, are investigated from the point of view of residual analysis. Use is made of a modified von Neumann ratio statistic as an overall index for judging model adequacy, and its approximate probability distribution is empirically evaluated by using radioactivity as a random distribution generator. Examples are given of applications to ashed tissue samples. Illustrations of the manifes...


The SU(2)I×U(1)Y structure of the electroweak interactions has been consolidated by an enormous wealth of experimental data during the past three decades. The canonical way to generate masses for the fermions and intermediate bosons without violating this gauge symmetry in the Lagrangian is by the Higgs mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking. In the minimal standard model (SM), this is achieved by introducing one complex SU(2)I -doublet scalar field Φ with Y = 1. The three massless Goldstone bosons which emerge via the electroweak symmetry breaking are eaten up to become the longitudinal degrees of freedom of the W± and Z bosons, i.e., to generate their masses, while one CP -even Higgs scalar bosonH remains in the physical spectrum. The Higgs potential V contains one mass and one self-coupling. Since the vacuum expectation value is fixed by the relation v = 2−1/4G−1/2 F ≈ 246 GeV, where GF is Fermi's constant, there remains one free parameter in the Higgs sector, namely MH . In fact, one has V = λH2(v +H/2)2 + · · ·, where λ = M2 H/(2v). The Higgs boson has the quantum numbers of the vacuum, namely electric charge Q = 0, spin, parity, and charge conjugation J = 0++. It has tree-level couplings to all massive particles with strengths that are determined by their masses, viz. gffH = Mf/v, gV V H = 2M2 V /v, gV V HH = 2M 2 V /v 2, gHHH = 6vλ, and gHHHH = 6λ, where f denotes a generic fermion and V = W,Z. At a future e+e− linear collider (LC), an important experimental task will be to determine of the Higgs quantum numbers and couplings in order to distinguish between the minimal SM and possible extensions. In particular, the measurement of the Higgs self-couplings will allow one to directly test the Higgs mechanism. Roughly speaking, the requirement that the running Higgs self-coupling λ(μ), where μ is the renormalization scale, stays finite (positive) for all values μ < Λ, where Λ is the cutoff beyond which new physics operates, leads to the triviality upper bound (vacuum-stability lower bound) on MH [1]. Assuming the SM to be valid up to the grand-unified-theory scale Λ ≈ 1016 GeV, one thus obtains 130 ∼ MH ∼ 185 GeV [2] [see Fig. 1(a)]. This range comfortably lies between the lower bound on MH from direct searches at CERN LEP2, 113 GeV, and the 95% confidence level upper bound from electroweak precision tests [3], 212 GeV, based on ∆α had(M 2 Z) = 0.02738± 0.00020 [4], and it is compatible with the 1σ range 76 < MH < 181 GeV resulting from the latter [3] [see Fig. 1(b)].


Novae in M31 are often associated with the bulge component of the light from this galaxy, i.e., more novae are assumed to be produced in the bulge of M31. But examining this from a population synthesis approach, one expects that evolved binaries in the disk should produce more novae. We strive to understand this bulge to disk nova ratio (Rbd) puzzle in M31 by exploring two scenarios. The nova rate normalized to the K-band luminosity for different galaxy Hubble types is approximately constant. We utilize this observed correlation to model the bulge and disk nova distribution. However, the decomposition of K light into bulge and disk does not yield a good match to the observed spatial distribution of novae in M31. Therefore, we conclude that the assumption that the nova rate follows total K light is too simple to explain the actual distribution of novae in this galaxy. Second, we examine the role of dust in the disk of M31 in extinction novae, possibly more so in the disk, which would increase the relative number of observed bulge novae compared to those in the disk. We construct a three dimensional multi-component dust model (uniform background, 10 kpc ring, 2 logarithmic spirals) and apply it to novae in the bulge and the disk of M31. With model parameters calibrated from infrared emission models, this results in hiding only ∼ 1% of the novae in the disk and 0.3-0.4% in the bulge. We, therefore conclude that dust in M31 does not play a significant role in shrouding novae in the disk. In fact, the effect of the dust is not much higher for disk novae in comparison to bulge novae. Therefore, we conclude that the common assumption that "novae trace the ii K-band light" is not supported by the detailed spatial models of novae in M31, and that extinction by dust is insufficient to resolve the puzzle of the relative scarcity of disk novae in M31.


A material set that can be used for making high aspect ratio lines includes a sacrificial feedstock comprising an organic polymer, a solvent, and one or more optional additives, and a functional material that forms a ribbon with the sacrificial feedstock without the sacrificial feedstock and the functional material substantially intermixing, wherein the sacrificial feedstock has a yield strength of greater than about 100 Pa or a viscosity of greater than about 10 4 cP at a shear rate of less than about 10 sec -1 to enable the ribbon to maintain structural integrity, and the sacrificial feedstock can be removed from the ribbon, leaving the functional material in place with an aspect ratio of greater than about 0.3.


Magazines are increasingly released and consumed on digital platforms such as laptops, tablet and smartphones. Most of these digital magazines replicate the appearance of well-established print magazine titles. Though, a vital difference between digital and print is that digital content can be enriched with interactive features, such as audiovisual content, hyperlinks, comment buttons, and search functions. This dissertation examines whether consumers actually use the interactive features placed in digital magazines, and the persuasive impact of these features on consumers' attitudinal responses toward the magazine content. The four experiments in this dissertation lead to four important insights. First, this dissertation reveals that even though consumers do not use the interactive features in digital magazines very often, consumers still like the presence of the features in the magazine. Second, this dissertation demonstrates that consumers develop more positive attitudinal responses toward the magazine content (both editorial and advertising content) when it is enriched with interactive features. Third, the positive attitudinal responses can be explained by the activation of three psychological processes, namely perceived interactivity, social presence, and perceived surprise. These processes can be activated by the presence of an interactive feature; however, not every interactive feature activates the same underlying processes. Fourth, even though the mere presence of an interactive feature can already improve consumers' attitudinal responses toward the magazine content, the strongest effects are realized when consumers have actually used the feature. It could therefore be profitable for magazine publishers to give consumers small incentives to stimulate use of the interactive features.


A unilateral tax on CO2 emissions may drive up indirect carbon imports from non-committed countries, leading to carbon leakage. Using a gravity model of carbon trade, we analyze the effect of the Kyoto Protocol on the carbon content of bilateral trade. We construct a novel data set of CO2 emissions embodied in bilateral trade flows. Its panel structure allows dealing with endogenous selection of countries into the Protocol. We find strong statistical evidence for Kyoto commitments to affect carbon trade. On average, the Kyoto protocol led to substantial carbon leakage but its total effect on carbon trade was only minor.


A comparative study of drunk driver defendants in Massachusetts (February and October 1979) was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of the new law (S. 1727, amended) which raised the legal drinking age from 18 to 20 years on 16 April 1979. The study found a 26% increase in the number of teenagers (15-19 years) who were charged with driving under the influence of liquor (DUIL); teenagers comprised about 14% of the February defendants, and 17% in October. Intensive policy enforcement may have contributed to the increase, together with increased drinking in cars instead of in bars or taverns. The majority of drunk drivers were found to be over 20 years of age; the mean age approximated 30 for both males and females. Teenagers had a higher than predicted frequency of multiple offenses, including operating to endanger, use of a motor vehicle without authority, leaving the scene of an accident with property damage and personal injury, crimes against property and public order offenses. Drivers 21-25 years of age represented the highest absolute frequency of DUIL defendants in both studies. The study will be repeated in October, 1980.


The application provides a method and a device for initiating a web conference. The method comprises the steps of acquiring mail information related to the web conference; recognizing sender address information, receiver address information and mail subject information in the mail information; determining a sender address expressed by the sender address information as the first participant address of the web conference, determining receiver addresses expressed by the receiver address information as second participant addresses of the web conference; determining a mail subject expressed by the main subject information as the conference subject of the web conference; transmitting a conference appointment request including the conference subject, the first participant address and the second participant addresses to a conference appointment server. By adopting the method or device provided by the application, information related to the web conference can be automatically generated, the initiator of the web conference does not necessarily need to manually input the participant address information and the subject information of the web conference, and thus the efficiency of initiating the web conference is improved.


The periodically forced cylinder wake exhibits complex but highly symmetrical patterns. In recent work, the authors have exploited symmetry-group equivariant bifurcation theory to derive low order equations describing, approximately, the dominant nonlinear dynamics of wake mode interactions. The models have been shown to qualitatively predict the observed bifurcations suggesting that the Karman wake remains, dynamically, a fairly simple system at least when viewed in 2D. Preliminary experimental data are presented supporting the feasibility of using 2D simulation results for the derivation of the low order model parameters. A POD analysis of the wake PIV velocity field yields flow modes closely similarly to those obtained via 2D CFD computations for Re in the 1000 range. The paper presents new results of simulations for Re = 200. For this low Reynolds number, the forced Karman wake exhibits rich dynamics dominated by quasi-periodicity, mode locking, torus doubling and chaos. The low Re torus breakdown may be explained by the Afraimovich-Shilnikov theorem. Interestingly, in a previous analysis for the higher Re number, Re = 1000, transition to a period-doubled flow state was found to occur via a route akin to the Takens-Bogdanov bifurcation scenario.Copyright © 2009 by ASME


Abstract The present paper deals with the mathematical modeling of the propagation of torsional surface waves in a non-homogeneous transverse isotropic elastic half-space under a rigid layer. Both rigidities and density of the half-space are assumed to vary inversely linearly with depth. Separation of variable method has been used to get the analytical solutions for the dispersion equation of the torsional surface waves. Also, the effects of nonhomogeneities on the phase velocity of torsional surface waves have been shown graphically. Also, dispersion equations have been derived for some particular cases, which are in complete agreement with some classical results.


Taxonomic recommendations On the basis of the findings from this study, previous published studies, and also incorporating unpublished findings based on morphometric data, we suggest a number of changes in the taxonomic treatment of African-Arabian mainland Zosterops, including those from the islands of Pemba and Socotra, relative to the classification used in van Balen (2019). Comprehensive inclusion of African subspecies revealed widespread mainland taxa Z. abyssinicus and Z. senegalensis as non-monophyletic (Fig. 2), supporting previous findings (Cox et al., 2014), who included a small subset of these taxa (three and five subspecies respectively). The exceptionally widespread Z. senegalensis (Fig. 1B) occupies a diversity of habitats from acacia woodland to evergreen forest (Moreau, 1957) and, despite its remarkably homogenous appearance (yellow-bellied birds with a green back, see Plate 1A), fourteen subspecies tend to be recognised (Dickinson, 2003), based largely on plumage, which inter-grade widely across the species range (Clancey, 1967; Moreau, 1957). Based on the results of our study we suggest major revision to the current taxonomy is required. We therefore make the following recommendations of twenty lineages that should be treated at species rank as independent taxonomic units. However, we take a conservative approach to this, as several taxa require substantial further research to establish their appropriate ranking.


Reducing the waste of resource usage (e.g., CPU-cycles) when a causality error occurs in speculative parallel discrete event simulation (PDES) is still a core objective. In this article, we target this objective in the context of speculative PDES run on top of shared-memory machines. We propose an Operating System approach that is based on the exploitation of the Inter-Processor-Interrupt (IPI) facility offered by off-the-shelf hardware chipsets, which enables cross-CPU-core control of the execution flow of threads. As soon as a thread T produces a new event placed in the past virtual time of a simulation object currently run by another thread T', our IPI-based support allows T to change the execution flow of T'---with very minimal delay---so to enable the early squash of the currently processed (and no longer consistent) event. Our solution is fully transparent to the application level code, and is coupled with a lightweight heuristic-based mechanism that determines the actual goodness of killing thread T' via the IPI (rather than skipping the IPI send) depending on the expected residual execution time of the incorrect event being processed. We integrated our proposal within the speculative open-source USE (Ultimate Share Everything) PDES package, and we report experimental results obtained by running various PDES models on top of two shared-memory hardware architectures equipped with 32 and 24 (48 Hyper-threads) CPU-cores, which demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposal.


ABSTRACT Hudson, Ohio, Feb. 8, 1898.To the Editor: —In a recent Journal Dr. Taylor has a communication with this heading "Do adult squirrels castrate each other?" A better heading would be "Do any squirrels castrate each other?"In Vol. iii, page 646 of Owen's "Anatomy of Vertebrates" you will find a description of the male organs of the rodentia. Among other things he says: "The testes undergo a periodical increase of size and change of position, passing from the abdomen into a sessile scrotum and being again retracted, after the rut, within the abdomen." This change of position involving the disappearance of these glands, which are very conspicuous during the rutting season, has given origin to the belief that the males were often castrated. The Doctor notes a very significant fact that this supposed castration by another squirrel leaves no visible scar. If a surgeon will perform the operation with


A generalized three-layer analytical solution for the wave attenuation by suspended and non-suspended vegetation canopy is developed in this study. The analytical solution reduces to the two-layer analytical solution by Kobayashi et al. (1993) for the non-suspended vegetation canopy rooted at the sea bed. The present theory is verified using laboratory experiments and field observations of a suspended and non-suspended as well as emerged and submerged vegetation canopy. The wave attenuation increase with the drag coefficient, blade diameter and length, canopy density and length, the elevation of the bottom of the canopy and the incident wave height. The influences of wave frequency and water depth on wave attenuation are more complex. They affect the wave attenuation mainly by changing the wave flow velocity encountered by the vegetation canopy. As a result, the canopy vertical position has significant impact on the relationship between the wave attenuation and wave frequency.


The purification of 1-hexene from Fischer−Tropsch products requires the removal of the close-boiling isomers 2-methyl-1-pentene (2M1P) and 2-ethyl-1-butene (2E1B), by double bond isomerization and etherification with methanol. These reactions were found to be inhibited by oxygenates. The contribution of heavier alcohols, carbonyls, carboxylic acids, and esters were investigated at a methanol-to-tertiary olefin molar ratio of 2.5:1 and 70 °C over an acidic resin catalyst (Amberlyst 15). All oxygenate classes caused a decrease in etherification selectivity, either by reducing the activity coefficient of methanol or via side reactions that shifted the etherification equilibrium. Side reactions likely to produce water were expected to suppress conversion, but the extent of such reactions in the present investigation was insufficient to result in a decrease in conversion, except in the case of carboxylic acids.


This research examined how Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) fits the paradigm model, focusing on the use of communication media from human communication perspectives. There are two hypotheses addressed: (a) Computer and Internet knowledge and skill, and (b) Face-toFace (FTF) communication and global awareness. The hypotheses were tested using frequency count and cross tabulatioh data treatment by an online and offline questionnaire survey. The results from this data treatment showed that many users are resistant to adopting CMC not because of a lack of technical knowledge and computer skill, but because of each individual's emotions toward unfamiliarity with the CMC culture. Therefore, this study proved that hxaman communication perspectives are the core of CMC.


In this paper,we establish the following results:For the uniformly almost periodic function t(t, x)if i) f(t, 0)=0;(II) Dxf(t,x) is bounded on R×D(D is a domain,0 D=Rn);iii) Dxf(t,0)= tim Dxf(t,x) uniformly forx→0t R,then,(1) the locally structural stability with respect to the space B1 of the differential system x'(t)= f(t, x) in a neighborhood of the orgin is equivalent that the variation system of zero solution has an exponential dichotomy on R;(2) in this case the structural stability has the inherited property; (3) the local structurally stable system in (1) is dense everywhere in a subspace of B1 whose member satisfies iii), where B1 is a normed linear space of uniformly almost periodic functions which satisfy i) and ii), with the norm B1=sup(t,x).


We compared the pharmacokinetics of rifampicin (RMP) during daily and intermittent (thrice weekly) anti-tuberculosis treatment in human immunodeficiency virus infected tuberculosis patients. Patients treated with a thrice-weekly regimen had significantly lower plasma peak concentration, area under the time concentration curve from 0 to 24 h and higher oral clearance of RMP than those treated with the daily regimen. The median values were respectively 3.7 and 6.4 μg/ml (P < 0.001), 20.7 and 29.4 μg/ml.h (P = 0.03) and 21.7 and 15.3 ml/min (P = 0.03).


The sequence of human foetal l iver aldose reductase cDNA obtained from a \-gtlO l ibrary 1s presented. This cDNA encodes a protein of 316 ami no adds with a 45 bp 5'-non coding region and a 356 bp 3 non coding region. Aldose reductase Is of wide cl in ical Interest 1n that Inhibitors may prevent the complications associated with diabetes melHtus. The cDNA clone was Ident i f ied using ol1gonucleot1des based on rat lens(l) cDNA and bovine lens protein sequence(2). Aldose reductase constitutes one member of the aldo-keto reductase enzyme family. The data herein confirm recent assignments of sequence to various members of th is NADPH-dependent carbonyl oxidoreductase superfam1ly(3).


The pharmaceutical sector is one of the most profitable industries, the value of which has been growing even in the period of the global financial crisis. One of the primary characteristics and a trend on the rise in the pharmaceutical industry is the increase in the number of acquisitions. Blockbuster drug patent exploration, widening the manufacturing portfolio and compensating for not developing their own products are among the chief reasons why so many acquisitions in the pharmaceutical industry have been taking place. Today, major pharmaceutical companies are hesitant to invest into research and development due to high risk factors and small probability of product success, due to which, instead of developing products themselves, they opt for investment in the form of acquiring business with promising products under development.
In 2006, after several months of competing with the Icelandic Actavis, the largest Croatian pharmaceutical company Pliva was acquired by the US producer of generic pharmaceuticals Barr Pharmaceuticals. The primary objective of said integration was the company's expansion onto new markets, i.e. Barr's expansion into Europe and Pliva's to the US market. Soon after, in 2008, Teva acquired Barr Pharmaceuticals, making Pliva integral part of Teva Group. Teva is a leading global producer of generic pharmaceuticals, with annual output of 73 billion medicines. The objective of this integration was to strengthen Teva's leading position on the US generic pharmaceuticals' market, as well as its position on key European markets.
Teva has been investing heavily into Pliva's research and development segment, which provides the foundation for the development of new pharmaceuticals. Furthermore, it has been investing into production plants, resulting in increased production and export. Zagreb has also become the biggest Centre for Human Resources in Europe, and the Procurement Service Centre is to be launched soon. Apart from employment possibilities, Teva's investments have had a positive influence regarding Croatia's image.


We have investigated the effect of a Mo interlayer on the electrical properties of Ni-silicided n + /p diodes and n+ poly-Si gate electrodes. It is shown that the use of the Mo interlayer results in reduction of the reverse leakage current of the Ni-silicided n + /p diodes. It is also shown that the interlayer effectively serves as a barrier to the in-diffusion of interconnection Al, leading to the formation of the uniform silicide layer. It is further shown that the Ni-silicided poly-Si gate electrodes with the interlayers produce similar equivalent oxide thickness and a positive shift of flatband voltage (V FB ), compared to the samples without the interlayers. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy results show that Ni is segregated at the poly-Si/SiO 2 interface and the Mo interlayer affects the redistribution of phosphorus.


Introduction Provision of prehabilitation prior to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) through a digital mobile application is a novel concept. The primary aim of our research is to determine whether provision of prehabilitation through a mobile digital application impacts length of stay (LOS), requirement for inpatient rehabilitation and hospital-associated costs after TKA. Our study hypothesis is that a mobile digital application provides a low resource, cost effective method of delivering prehabilitation prior to TKA. Methods An observational, retrospective analysis was performed on a consecutive case series of 64 patients who underwent TKA by a single surgeon over a 21-month period. Pre operative Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) were collected on all patients. The first group of patients (control) did not undergo prehabilitation, the subsequent group of patients (experimental) were offered prehabilitation through a mobile application called PhysiTrack. The e...


Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody against CD20. It leads to the activation of antibody and complementmediated cytotoxicity, which induces apoptosis and depletion of B cells. It is used in the treatment of many rheumatological diseases and malignancy. It is well known for inducing cytopenias, its role as an immunosuppressant, and association with JC virus (Jacob Cunningham virus).1 It is not known for its affect on inducing tuberculosis (TB) reactivation. At the current time, the recommendation is to consider screening before initiation of biologic therapy. It is not mandatory as postmarketing surveillance of rituximab has shown that the risk of reactivation is negligible.2


The ring-mode to red-mode transition in alkali metal inductively coupled plasmas (ICPs) (i.e., rf-discharge lamps) is perhaps the most important physical phenomenon affecting these devices as optical pumping light sources for atomic clocks and magnetometers. It sets the limit on useful ICP operating temperature, thereby setting a limit on ICP light output for atomic-clock/magnetometer signal generation, and it is a temperature region of ICP operation associated with discharge instability. Previous work has suggested that the mechanism driving the ring-mode to red-mode transition is associated with radiation trapping, but definitive experimental evidence validating that hypothesis has been lacking. Based on that hypothesis, one would predict that the introduction of an alkali-fluorescence quenching gas (i.e., N2) into the ICP would increase the ring-mode to red-mode transition temperature. Here, we test that prediction, finding direct evidence supporting the radiation-trapping hypothesis.The ring-mode to red-mode transition in alkali metal inductively coupled plasmas (ICPs) (i.e., rf-discharge lamps) is perhaps the most important physical phenomenon affecting these devices as optical pumping light sources for atomic clocks and magnetometers. It sets the limit on useful ICP operating temperature, thereby setting a limit on ICP light output for atomic-clock/magnetometer signal generation, and it is a temperature region of ICP operation associated with discharge instability. Previous work has suggested that the mechanism driving the ring-mode to red-mode transition is associated with radiation trapping, but definitive experimental evidence validating that hypothesis has been lacking. Based on that hypothesis, one would predict that the introduction of an alkali-fluorescence quenching gas (i.e., N2) into the ICP would increase the ring-mode to red-mode transition temperature. Here, we test that prediction, finding direct evidence supporting the radiation-trapping hypothesis.


Automated solutions for executing services in urban areas have become a trend in the past years. Examples of such services are: package delivery, transportation, street cleaning, waste disposal or vegetation care. They are also part of new concepts of smart cities. The vision is to have a vehicle fleet that provides these services at demand of inhabitants or authorities in urban areas. These vehicles have the capability to drive autonomously and interact with other traffic participants in order to accomplish a specific task. An important aspect is the mission planning of the vehicles. We present a concept of an interactive planning and management of a vehicle fleet that executes requested service demands in urban areas and the interaction between the involved stakeholders. The service requester gets immediate response regarding their request and can track, change or cancel it with immediate adaption of the plan. The concept was implemented and the system was used a few months for delivery services during a real world laboratory in a new built district in Heilbronn (Germany), with about 800 inhabitants.


Purpose
This study aims to investigate the controlling mechanisms of ambient oxygen and pressure on piloted ignition of solid combustibles under external radiant heating.

Design/methodology/approach
The numerical simulation method was used to model the influence of ambient oxygen concentration on the piloted ignition of a thermally irradiated solid sample in reduced pressure atmospheres. The solid phase decomposition and gas phase kinetics were solved simultaneously.

Findings
It was determined that the elevated oxygen atmospheres resulted in a higher flame temperature and a thicker temperature profile over the solid surface. Also, increasing oxygen and reducing pressure had a similar effect in the decrease of the ignition delay time. The shorter ignition time in reduced pressure was mainly because of the decreasing of convective heat losses from the heated solid. As oxygen was reduced, however, ignition occurred later and with a greater mass loss rate because more volatiles of solid fuel at transient ignition were required to sustain a complete reaction under an oxygen-poor condition.

Research limitations/implications
The results need to be verified with experiments.

Practical implications
The results could be applied for design and assessment of fire-fighting and fire prevention strategies in reduced pressure atmosphere.

Originality/value
This paper shows the effect mechanism of ambient oxygen and pressure on piloted ignition of solid combustibles.


The present invention provides a lithium secondary battery negative electrode material which uses a layered structure of porous graphene and metal oxide nanoparticles, and exhibits extremely fast charge-discharge properties and long lifespan properties, wherein macropores in the porous graphene and the short diffusion length of the metal oxide nanoparticles allow rapid movement and diffusion of lithium ions. It was announced for the first time that highly electrically conductive porous graphene having low sheet resistance (of about 4.53 Ω·sq -1 ) is directly connected with a current collector in the absence of conducting agents and adhesives to form an electron passageway, and metal oxide nanocrystals having open passages function as fast ion-transport paths on the surface of graphene network structures. In addition to extremely high speed charge-discharge behavior, the present invention exhibits an unprecedented lifespan performance of 10,000 or more cycles, even under a current density condition of 30,000 mA·g -1 . Thus, in combination with negative electrode nanostructures in porous graphene network structures, the present invention may be widely utilized in various fields of application as a high-capacity structure that achieves extremely fast charge-discharge speed properties and stable lifespan properties.


Purpose: This study compared and analyzed the difference of counseling on parent between in-service and pre-service teachers in virtual reality based parent counseling simulations and obtained implications for the development of pre-service teacher curriculum and simulations to enhance parental counseling competency.
Methods: Twenty-one in-service teachers with more than 5 years of teaching experience and twenty-one pre-service teachers who had taken a teaching practice had a conversation with a virtual parent and the basic attribute of semantic network analysis, centrality analysis and word-level semantic clustering were conducted.
Results: The semantic network of in-service teachers had higher index values such the number of ties, average degree, and density than the network of pre-service teachers. The semantic network of in-service teachers had more words with high degree, closeness, betweenness centralities than the words of pre-service teachers. There was a difference in the context of the keywords used by each group in counseling.
Conclusion: Through the difference in the semantic networks, the criteria necessary for the development of parental counseling capabilities of pre-service teachers were prepared.


For the binary mixtures of nematic 4-pentyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl (5CB) with some kinds of nonnematic solutes, which showed `unusual' increase in nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature compared with that of pure 5CB, we have measured the temperature dependence of the IR dichroic ratio for several bands of 5CB and of the solutes. The dichroic ratios and their temperature dependence distinctly showed the presence of rather firmly hydrogen-bonded complexes in these binary systems. We found some interesting results, e.g., the dichroic ratios for the –OH stretching mode of phenol, which is hydrogen bonded to the –CN group of 5CB, and for p-ethyl benzoic acid were larger than the dichroic ratio of the –CN band. The temperature dependence of the second-order parameters derived from IR dichroic ratios was analyzed based on a Maier-Saupe-type mean field theory.


Abstract The topic of the article is the analysis of the influence of selected design parameters and operating conditions on the radial steam micro-turbine, which was adapted to operate with low-boiling agent in the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC). In the following parts of this article the results of the thermal load analysis, the residual unbalance and the stiffness of bearing supports are discussed. Advanced computational methods and numerical models have been used. Computational analysis showed that the steam micro-turbine is characterized by very good dynamic properties and is resistant to extreme operating conditions. The prototype of micro-turbine has passed a series of test calculations. It has been found that it can be subjected to experimental research in the micro combined heat and power system.


A conceptual model of the major phases and tasks involved in establishing a systematic personnel preparation program is summarized. Such programs involve seven phases of activity: (1) formulating an overall program rationale, (2) curricular planning, (3) evaluational planning, (4) administrative planning, (5) instructional planning, (6) implementation, and (7) an evaluation phase. Each phase encompasses a set of sequential tasks. The major tasks involved in the first phase, formulating a program rationale, are discussed. Examples are provided as to how the nature and scope of the rationale shapes subsequent program development.


Purpose – Demotion is sometimes recommended as an instrument for extending older workers' labor force participation. There is, however, very little research on the effects of demotion on employees. The purpose of this paper is therefore to investigate these effects, and to test whether they differ for older and younger workers.Design/methodology/approach – The data come from a biannual panel study among employees working in health care or social services. There were 45 cases of demotion among older employees (aged 45 or over) and 62 cases among younger employees in the data set. The control group consisted of 7,727 cases in which there had been no change in function.Findings – Employees who were demoted had more feelings of exhaustion prior‐to the demotion than employees who did not change function. The demotion only reduced the levels of exhaustion in the case of older employees who moved to a less physically demanding position. Satisfaction with job content decreased regardless of age group or changes i...


Anaerobic co-digestion of peanut hulls and swine manure was investigated. The interaction effects of the total solid percentage (TS%), carbon–nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio), and inoculum volume percent...


Extreme events will become more common due to global change, requiring enhanced monitoring and pushing conventional observation networks to their limits. This encourages us to combine all the possible sources of information to obtain a complete picture of extreme events and their evolution. This commentary builds on an example of the July 2021 catastrophic floods that hit northwest Europe, for which the use of seismometer and gravimeter captures complementary data and brings a new understanding of the event and its dynamics. A sudden increase in seismic noise coincides with the testimony reporting on a "tsunami" downstream of the geophysical station. Concurrently, the gravimeter showed increasing saturation of the weathered zone, showing less and less water accumulation and increasing runoff. When rain re‐intensified after a 3‐hr break, the subsoil's saturation state induced an accelerated runoff increase, as revealed by the river flow, in a much stronger way than during the rainy episodes just before. We show that the gravimeter detected the saturation of the catchment subsoil and soil in real‐time. When the rain re‐intensified, this saturation resulted in a sudden, devastating and deadly flood. Our study opens up the possibility of integrating real‐time gravity in early warning systems for such events.


A case of anesthesia for emergency laparotomy due to a ruptured ectopic pregnancy in a patient with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome is presented. It is a pro-thrombotic disorder characterized by the presence of two auto antibodies, lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibody. The syndrome is characterized by platelet adhesion, expression of prothrombotic molecules, and local complement activation leading to arterial and venous thrombosis.


Abstract We investigate some of the fundamental features of the interaction of squeezed light with two-level atoms in the framework of the Jaynes-Cummings model. We start our analysis by calculating the collapses and revivals of the atomic inversion. We discuss the degree of purity of the field (given by the entropy) and its disentanglement from the atomic source. The connection with the evolution of the Q-function is also made. We notice that contrary to the coherent state case, the field turns into a nearly pure (squeezed) state at the revival time as if the field was prepared in a coherent state. The field also becomes a superposition of squeezed states at half of the revival time, and this is confirmed by investigating the photon number distribution. The phase properties of the field are discussed using the Pegg-Barnett formalism.


This paper investigates and analyzes the Georgia's data of trade, export and import. The data cover the periods from 2000 to 2011 using the panel data gravity model of trade. For this purpose the large country sample and long time series and a balanced data have been used. The findings through results of analysis revealed that Georgia's trade is positively determined by the size of the economies, GDP per capita, and common history found to be significant factors influencing Georgia's trade pattern. The results also confirm the hypothesis that foreign direct investment (FDI) is positively correlated with trade.


A measure and test device in light of the preserve structure with thermal technical performance in sweltering area based on guarding head-box method acording to the GB/13475-92 standard is designed and builded. This paper introduces the design detail materials of parts; carries out useful investigation for something that appear in the experiment device contruction process. It would provide a few experiences in building the device to other municipal/province in this area.


 Abstract — Both daily and long-term management of a heavy-duty vehicles and construction machinery fleet is an extremely complicated and hard to solve issue. This is mainly due to the diversity of the fleet vehicles – machinery, which concerns not only the vehicle types, but also their age/efficiency, as well as the fleet volume, which is often of the order of hundreds or even thousands of present paper we present "InteligentLogger", a holistic heavy-duty fleet management system covering a wide range of diverse fleet vehicles. This is based on specifically designed hardware and software for the automated vehicle health status and operational cost monitoring, for smart maintenance. InteligentLogger is characterized by high adaptability that permits to be tailored to practically any heavy-duty vehicle/machinery (of different technologies -modern or legacy- and of dissimilar uses). Contrary to conventional logistic systems, which are characterized by raised operational costs and often errors, InteligentLogger provides a cost-effective and reliable integrated solution for the e-management and e-maintenance of the fleet members. The InteligentLogger system offers the following unique features that guarantee successful heavy-duty on machine, in a (c) Flexibility and both in terms of as error database; (e) Artificial (AI) software, time, generating alerts; (f) MicroStrategy enterprise BI, dashboards,


SUMMARY

The effects of the duration and degree of chilling, and the temperature of incubation, on hatching of winter eggs of Panonychus ulmi (Koch) were investigated. For chilling, 0°C and 5°C were more effective than — 5° and 9°, and the limits for the reaction were close to — 10° and 15°. As the chilling period was increased from 60 to 200 days, the percentage hatch on incubation at 21° increased, and the mean incubation time and its variance decreased. Before the maximum effect of chilling was achieved, percentage hatch on incubation at 9° and 15° was higher than at 21°; 27° was lethal to most winter eggs though not to summer eggs. After chilling, the later stages of diapause development could occur at temperatures from 0° to 21°) i.e. above and below the threshold temperature for morphogenesis, 6–7° in both winter and summer eggs. Diapause development cannot, therefore, be a unitary process. The significance of the results is discussed in relation to forecasting the time of hatch in the field, and to the phenological aspects of hatching in the spring.


The control of steam temperature in direct steam generation plants is challenging due to the complex physical process involved in turning water into steam, and the variable nature of solar radiation. This thesis explores the control of steam temperature at the outlet of a mono-tube cavity receiver powered by a 500 m2 dish concentrator, using state feedback control. The dish concentrator, receiver and ancillary equipment constitute the SG4 once-through steam generation system at the Australian National University in Canberra, Australia. The control of temperature in the receiver employs a linear full state feedback control strategy. The controller manipulates the feed-water mass flow entering the receiver, to maintain constant steam temperature at the receiver outlet under variations in solar radiation, inlet flow conditions and ambient temperature. To implement the temperature controller, this thesis develops a dynamic model of the steam generation process in the receiver. The mono-tube cavity receiver consists of a single path of steel tubing coiled to form a cylindrical cavity with a frustum opening. The cavity side of the tube intercepts concentrated radiation from the dish concentrator and heats up. Water passes through the inside of the tube and absorbs heat, turning into superheated steam before leaving the receiver. The dynamic model of the receiver is a switched movingboundary description of the heat exchange process taking place in the absorber tube, including the transition between single and two-phase flow that water undergoes as it turns into superheated steam. The advantage of this modelling approach is that it provides a state-space representation of the receiver that is suitable for the development of state feedback controllers. Computer simulations in this thesis validate the receiver model, as they show good agreement with experimental measurements of the SG4 steam generation system. The practical implementation of the receiver temperature controller in this thesis requires a state observer to estimate the state of the mono-tube cavity receiver during operation. This thesis proposes a modified Extended Kalman Filtering scheme to compute the state of the receiver, built around the switched moving-boundary receiver model. The filtering scheme is implemented in computer simulations and demonstrated experimentally in the SG4 steam generation system as part of this thesis. The linear full state feedback temperature controller proposed in this thesis generates a feed-water mass flow command to control the temperature at the receiver outlet. The mass flow command is generated from three separate regulation mechanisms: a set of full state feedback gains, an integrator and a feedforward law. The feedback and integrator mechanisms are designed from a linear approximation of the receiver model, and the feedforward law corresponds to a steady state energy bal-


The study seeks to explore different modes of teaching mathematics to students studying in a second language, and the effects of the varying approaches on student outcomes such as educational achievement and confidence in learning mathematics. Two case studies were used to examine the effectiveness of using worked examples versus the problem-solving approach for teaching mathematics to ESL students.


The micro-procedure involved interaction of benzene with phosphorus trichloride followed by addition of sulphur. Phenyl dichlorophosphine sulphide was condensed with methanol to form 0-methyl phenylthiophosphono-chloridate which was allowed to react with the sodium salt of 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorophenol to yield leptophos [O-(4-bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl) 0-methyl phenyl phosphonothioate]. Five radioactive leptophos compounds were prepared by substituting the cold chemicals with the appropriate radioactive precursor (32PCl3, 1-14C-benzene, 35S, 14C-methanol or tritiated 4-bromo-2,5 dichlorophenol).


Objective:To study the extraction technique of glaucocalyxin A in Rabdosia japonica var.Glaucocalyx.Methords:Using L9(34) orthogonal experiment to optimize methanol reflux extraction time,extraction times,and solid/liquid ratio,the content of glaucocalyxin A was determined by HPLC.Results:The conditions under which the extraction process was optimized is A2B2C3,each 1.5 hours,reflux extraction twice,S/L amount 1:15;the content of glaucocalyxin A was the highest.Conclusion:The method is simple,rapid and accurate.It can be used for determining the content of glaucocalyxin A in Rabdosia japonica var.glaucocalyx.


Given a triangulation of a simple n-gon P and two points a and b inside P, a parallel algorithm is presented for determining the path between a and b with the short-est Euclidean distance inside P. The algorithm has time complexity O(log n) on CREW PRAM with n/log n processors and thus is optimal in the sense that the time-processor product agrees with Q(n)-the lower bound of time complexity of the sequential algorithms


Aim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate risk factors for, and the relationship between, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and double J stent (DJS) colonization. Material and Methods: One hundred and thirty five patients aged 18 to 77 were included in this prospective study conducted at Urology Clinic in our university hospital between July 2012 and December 2013. Patients were followed clinically; we recorded any bothersome symptoms after treatment. Stents were removed under aseptic conditions. Their distal ends were removed and placed in a culture medium for evaluation. The relationship between colonization and LUTS was evaluated. Results: Bacteriuria and stent colonization were found in 10 (7.4%) and 35 (26%) patients, respectively. In the colonized stents, Candida spp. was the most commonly observed pathogen (40%). Mean indwelling times were different for the colonized (68.6 days) and non-colonized (46.2 days) groups. Similarly, the encrustation rate was significantly higher in colonized patients (42.8%) than in non-colonized cases (27%). In the colonized group, rates were significantly higher for irritative voiding symptoms such as polyuria (57.1% vs. 31%), nocturia (71.4% vs. 57%), and urgency (54.2% vs. 33%). Conclusions: LUTS, especially irritative voiding symptoms including polyuria and nocturia, are more frequent in patients with stent colonization. Patients at risk of stent colonization should be followed up for the development of infections, and prophylactic treatment should be administered. In addition, indwelling time may be shortened to prevent colonization.