The structure of amorphous electrodeposited Co‐P alloy foils has been examined by x‐ray scattering techniques. Samples with phosphorus contents from 18 to 26 at.% have been examined with large‐angle x‐ray scattering. Atomic arrangements in these alloys are described in terms of radial distribution functions. Effects of alloy composition on randomness of short‐range order, atomic‐pair distances, and strength of long‐range order have been observed. Evidence of large‐scale (10–104‐A) composition fluctuations has been obtained from small‐angle x‐ray scattering on amorphous Co77.5P22.5 samples. The composition fluctuation regions are anisotropically shaped (rodlike) with their largest extent (≳2000 A) perpendicular to the foil plane and their smallest extent (∼60 A) in the foil plane.


Background
There is extensive evidence for molecular heterogeneity in colorectal cancer (CRC) and CRC metastasis (mCRC). At the present, there are only few information regarding the immunological characterization of mCRC and about the effect of chemotherapy and targeted drugs on the interplay between tumour and the immune system of the host. It has been proposed an integrated classification molecular and of microenvironment of mCRC, considering that no data regarding the evolution over time of these features are available so far. New immunotherapeutic strategies are currently under development and will be further studied starting from refractory settings of heavily pre-treated mCRC patients. On this basis, a specific immunological characterization of mCRC will be relevant to direct future clinical and pharmacological research. We planned an exploratory, prospective, observational study for the immune phenotypical characterization of mCRC leukocyte infiltrate from pre-treated or chemo-naive patients undergone surgical metastasis resection.

Material and Methods
Patients will be divided in two groups according to previous administration of systemic chemotherapy (pre-treated or chemotherapy vs chemo-naive or not pre-treated group). Collected metastasis need to be at least 8 cm3 in volume to allow standard pathological and flow cytometry analysis. Flow cytometry samples were isolated in operating room selecting viable-tumor portion of metastasis, and then carried to the laboratory to be minced in small pieces and enzymatically digested. Tumor-infiltrating leukocytes have been characterized with three panels of different antibodies in terms of subset composition (CD45, CD3, CD20, CD56, CD68), maturation and activation grade (CD45, CD3, TCRγδ, CD4, CD25, CD127, CD8, CCR7, CD45-RO, PD-1, Tim-3), cytokine production, degranulation and cycling activity (IL-2, IL4, INFγ, TNFα, CD107a, Ki-67).

Results
Eleven liver metastases have been analyzed. Seven cases are in chemotherapy group and three patients were naive. Oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy was administered in 62.5% of patients, Irinotecan-based in 25% and immunotherapy (Ipilimumab/Nivolumab) in 12.5% (one case). One case received anti-VEGF (Bevacizumab) and four cases received anti-EGFR (Cetuximab) targeted therapy. Primary tumor location was right colon in 18.2% (2 cases), left colon in 63.6% (7 cases) and rectum in 18.2% (2 cases). One B-RAF and one N-RAS mutations were mapped, the other 80% of patients had no mutations in analyzed genes. There were two patients with micro-satellite instability (MSI-H), whereas the remainder 8 were stable (MSS). Five patients (62.5%) underwent on surgery within 6 months from the end of systemic chemotherapy administration and three (37.5%) after 6 months.
All patients are alive after a mean follow-up period of 12.19 +/- 3.3 months after operation. During follow-up, 60% of patients present a tumor recurrence with a mean progression-free survival (PFS) of 9.15 +/- 2.17 months. In particular, one case had a hepatic recurrence only, two cases pulmonary and lymph-nodal, one case peritoneal only and two cases peritoneal and pulmonary.
CT-patients have a higher percentage of infiltrating leukocytes among viable cells compared to naive patients (p=0,048). CT-patients show a polarized response towards CD4+ T-cells (p=0.0001), whereas naive patients towards a CD8+ T-cells response (p=0.05). CT-patients display a very consistent maturation signature independently from CT-regimen. Together TEM and TEMRA represent more than 95% of all T-cells in both CD4+ and CD8+, but with a different ratio. TEM were more than 80% of all CD4+T-cells; within CD8+, 60% are TEM and more than 35% are terminally differentiated effector. IL-7 receptor (IL-7R) is higher both in CD4+ (p=0.003) and CD8+ T-cells (p=0.045) in CT-patients compared to naive, as IL-7R expression intensity (p=0.043 in CD4+ and p=0.035 in CD8+).
Chemotherapy regimen analysis is limited because of the small sample, but the highest percentages of infiltrating leukocytes among viable cells have been found in the patient treated with immunotherapy and in the Oxaliplatin-Irinotecan-treated one; Oxaliplatin-treated patients display variable CD45+ percentage ranging between 10 and 60%, and Irinotecan-treated patient reveals the lowest leukocyte percentages among total viable cells.
To analyze time-dependent differences of immune response in liver metastases, we divided patients in two categories considering a cutoff of 6 months from the end of chemotherapy. Patients operated later than 6 months have higher percentage of infiltrating leukocytes among viable cells (p=0.0008).
and in particular of B-cells (p=0.024). On the other hand, IL-7Rexpression among CD8+ was higher near the chemotherapy (p=0.043), even though the CD4+ degranulation activity in these patients was lower (p=0.033).

Discussion and conclusion
The leading aim of our exploratory study is to describe and characterize immune infiltrate in mCRC of naive and pre-treated patients. Results can drive further studies and possibly identify the most favorable subset of patients for receiving novel immune modulating therapies.
In all samples, cytotoxic potential of infiltrating lymphocytes is a quite variable among CD4+, but high and uniform in CD8+, consistent with a T-cell effector pattern. Almost all infiltrating Tlymphocytes are CCR7-negative effector memory cells and express high levels of IL7-R that allows the maintenance of this memory pool in the metastases.
Chemotherapy reduces tumor cells leaving a higher amount of immune infiltrating cells in liver metastases (p=0.048). Moreover, our results demonstrate that chemotherapy treatment polarizes immune response towards CD4+ T-cells (p=0.0001). This effect could be partially explained by tumor microenvironment modification induced by chemotherapy, in particular because the treatment induces tumor cell death, promoting antigen presentation and CD4+ T-cells expansion. In pre-treated patients T-cells display higher level of IL7-R+ and at higher expression intensity compared to naive patients, both in CD4+ (p=0.003 and p=0.043, respectively) and in CD8+ T-cells (p=0.045 and p=0.035, respectively). Data display that chemotherapy increases the support to memory pool maintenance inside the mCRC.
Analysis of immune infiltrate in liver metastases according to chemotherapy regimen is limited by the small sample size of patients that have been enrolled for each regimen. Nevertheless, we find some differences among regimens that can be use as working hypothesis in further works.
Analysis of immune response variation according to time from the end of chemotherapy before surgery, shows that infiltrating leukocytes in general (p=0.0008) and B-lymphocytes in particular (p=0.02) are higher after longer period from CT suspension. These patients display also a higher degranulation activity (CD107a) especially in CD4+ (p=0.03). On the other hand, there is a timedependent affection of CD8+ memory pool maintenance through a lower IL7-R expression in CD8+ of late operated patients (p=0.043). This finding could open an interesting research field about the optimal moment for surgical resection.
The main limitation of this study is the reduced sample size. We analyzed only three naive patients (and in some tests only two), but there were objective difficulties in enrolling such patients. Further developments of the present study will necessary include an extension of sample size, aimed to enroll more naive, Irinotecan-treated and Oxaliplatin plus Irinotecan-treated patients.


A regression for feed-to-faeces ratio on faecal nitrogen percentage was formulated from trials in which perennial irrigated pasture cut to ground level was fed to cattle and sheep at various times over several years. Similar data derived from 'top' (mainly leaf) and 'bottom' (mainly stem) cuts of a spring and of an autumn stand of pasture from the same vicinity did not conform with the 'whole' cut relationship and the three regressions which were established were heterogeneous. It is suggested that due to selectivity, the application to grazing animals of a regression derived from pasture cut to ground level may result in considerable error.


In an effort to determine which measure of airway dynamics was the most sensitive to airway obstruction, comparisons were made between a variety of tests. Twenty cigarette smokers were studied both before and immediately after smoking a cigarette. The maximum midexpiratory flow (FEV25-75) and the FEV1/FVC per cent were abnormal in the largest number of cases. Closing volume was abnormal in only one case. Significant worsening in function after smoking a cigarette occurred in airway resistance and specific conductance. A lesser degree of impairment in airway dynamics was evident from FEV25-75 and first-second expired volume. The closing volume showed no change.


This paper discusses the actual recovery and installation of a longwall in a bituminous coal mine in Western Pennsylvania. The coal bed mined is in the Lower Freeport seam which averages 42 inches (1.07m) in height locally. Drainage from the mine is approximately 3.5 million gallons of water per day (13.25 million liters per day). This water deteriorates the mines predominately fire clay bottom making it extremely difficult to move equipment. Support removal is accomplished by pulling the 6 ton (5443 kg) shields out under their own hydraulic power and transporting them by track over four miles (6437m) to the next longwall panel. This paper also discusses the changes that will be made to aid in the succeeding longwall recoveries and installations.


In modern semiconductor and optics industries, there is a strong demand for a highly sensitive and non-contact surface profilometer. This paper describes an optical heterodyne surface profiling interferometer for on-line non-contact measurement with automatic focusing which has been developed recently. The essential feature of the profilometer is a newly designed common-path configuration to minimizes the effects caused by vibration, air turbulence and other environmental variations. A single-mode frequency-stabilized laser diode (780 nm) serves as the light source to make the whole system compact (total volume 250L x 200W x 100Dmm). A powerful signal processing scheme is also developed, which includes three parts: automatic voltage control, phase measurement and automatic focusing control. All these make the repeatability and stability of the profiling interferometer greatly improved. The system has vertical resolution of 0.39 nm and lateral resolution of 0.73 micrometer. During approximate an hour, the stability is within 1.95 nm (3σ).


Effects of a unilateral medial forebrain bundle (MFB) stimulation unconditioned stimulus (US) on conditioned head turn and bilateral cingulate cortex field potentials were studied in cats. Conditioned stimuli (CSs) of different frequences were given randomly to either ear. The CS+ was followed by the US, and the CSwas presented alone. Before conditioning most cats predominantly turned toward the ear to which the CSs were presented, whereas after conditioning the head turns were in one direction, most prominently contralateral to the US. Negative field potentials were greater in the cingulate cortex ipsilateral to the US than in the cingulate cortex contralateral to the US. Cross correlations indicated similarities between the waveforms recorded for the CS and the US within each cingulate cortex, but differences between the two sides of the cingulate cortex. It is suggested that the unilateral MFB system has brain side specific effects on conditioned orienting head turns and cingulate cortex neuronal activity.


The paper examines the process by which men and women finish formal employment. It presents evidence that straightforward retirement is the experience of a diminishing proportion of the population, and explores the implications both for our image of the life-cycle and for social policy.


A simple, easy-to-use optoelectronic tool projects scale marks that become incorporated into photographic images (including film and electronic images). The sizes of objects depicted in the images can readily be measured by reference to the scale marks. The role played by the scale marks projected by this tool is the same as that of the scale marks on a ruler placed in a scene for the purpose of establishing a length scale. However, this tool offers the advantage that it can put scale marks quickly and safely in any visible location, including a location in which placement of a ruler would be difficult, unsafe, or time-consuming. The tool (see Figure 1) includes an aluminum housing, within which are mounted four laser diodes that operate at a wavelength of 670 nm. The laser diodes are spaced 1 in. (2.54 cm) apart along a baseline. The laser diodes are mounted with setscrews, which are used to adjust their beams to make them all parallel to each other and perpendicular to the baseline. During the adjustment process, the effect of the adjustments is observed by measuring the positions of the laser-beam spots on a target 80 ft (approx.24 m) away. Once the adjustments have been completed, the laser beams define three 1-in. (2.54-cm) intervals and the location of each beam is defined to within 1/16 in. (approx.1.6 mm) at any target distance out to about 80 ft (approx.24 m). The distance between the laser-beam spots as seen in an image is strictly defined only along an axis parallel to the baseline and perpendicular to the laser beam (also perpendicular to the line of sight of the camera, assuming that the camera-to-target distance is much greater than the distance between the tool and the camera lens). If a flat target surface illuminated by the laser beams is tilted with respect to the aforesaid axis, then the distance along the target surface between scale marks is proportional to the secant of the tilt angle. If one knows the tilt angle, one can correct for it. Even if one does not know the tilt angle precisely, it may not matter: For example, at a tilt of 10 , the secant is approximately 1.0154, so that the tilt error is only about 1.54 percent, which is negligibly small for a typical application in which only approximate measurements are needed.


In this paper we propose to study an extension of the classical RCPSP called the Multi-site RCPSP. This extension allows to take into account transportation times (both for resources and tasks) between several sites and has some medical or industrial applications for instance. We design an approximate resolution method in which three solution encodings are proposed. Each of them is coupled with a dedicated list algorithm which build feasible schedules. The results obtained on a benchmark inspired by literature are presented and discussed. The methods are also compared with a mathematical model.


In practical industrial world, achieving the entire manufacturing task by coordination of multi workshop manufacturing process is generally applied. So Coordination of multi workshop manufacturing process plays important role and constructs indispensable constitutes in Manufacturing Execution System (MES) which bridges manufacturing management level with equipment control in workshop, and this issue is focused on in this paper. Based on deeply investigating multi workshop coordination process in MES and current technique of multi stage manufacturing, GPGP (generalized partial global planning) and TAEMS (task analysis, environment and simulation) are applied to solve the multi workshop manufacturing coordination for order driven discrete manufacturing execution system, and coordination mechanism of multi workshop manufacturing considering comprehensive functional model architecture of MES is constructed. And this proposed coordination mechanism was applied to a particular apparel manufacturing execution system.


Synopsis Two-dimensional differential systems are considered, where P and Q are polynomials. The question of interest is the maximum possible numberof limit cycles of such systems in terms of the degree of P and Q. An algorithm is described for determining a so-called focal basis; this can be implemented on a computer. Estimates can then be obtained for the number of small-amplitude limit cycles. The technique is applied to certain cubic systems; a class of examples with exactly five small-amplitude limit cycles is constructed. Quadratic systems are also considered.


A preliminary process analysis of selenization of copper/indium (Cu/In) bilayers in a flowing H/sub 2/Se reactor has been completed. The analysis includes evaluations of heat treatments of Cu/In bilayers and of the relationship between the composition and structure of the bilayer and the resultant CuInSe/sub 2/ film, and an investigation of selenization reaction kinetics, including comparisons between the reaction of H/sub 2/Se with bilayers and with single copper and indium layers. X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AA), and scanning electron (SEM) and optical microscopy have been used to study the selenization process. CuInSe/sub 2//(CdZn)S devices were also used to evaluate the quality of the CuInSe/sub 2/ films. Devices with efficiencies greater than 10% have been fabricated.<<ETX>>


A strain isolated from infected ducklings in Hubei was identified as serotye ⅠRiemerella anatipestfer(RA). Artificial infection was established with this isolated strain. We prepared four inactivated vaccines against RA. At the age of 8 days every duckling in the experimental groups were inoculated subsul tanously with a dose of 0.5ml vaccine. After 4,7,10, 14,21,28,35 days, the ducklings were challenged with RA virulent strain. The average protective rate of the experimental groups against RA to be 54.0%-67%.1%.


Objective:To study on protective mechanism of some medicines from skin injury after ultroviolet radiation.Methods:Protective effect of panoxatriol (PT),Vit E and VitC were respectively tested through examination of cell apoptosis,intracellular SOD and H 2O 2 from UVB injary in cell line Colo16. Results :The data showed that certain doses of UVB might induce many changes including S block, the increase of H 2O 2,development of apoptosis and the decrease of SOD level. While the three antioxidants might reverse the above mentioned changes caused by ultraviolet radiation.Conclusion:Decrease of intracellular free groups may be involved in mechanism of skin damage after ultraviolet radiation.


1Associate Professor, Department of Applied Mechanics, Government College of Engineering, Amravati, Maharashtra, India 2P. G. Student, Department of Applied Mechanics, Government College of Engineering, Amravati, Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------Abstract: During strong earthquakes the nonlinear performance of building structures is determined by the response reduction factor (R) which is a seismic design parameter. Whereas, an extensive review of related literature indicates that the effect of viscous dampers on the response reduction factor is not considered. Therefore, this study proposed the response reduction factors for reinforced concrete structures equipped with viscous damper devices and investigated the effect of implementing such devices in reinforced concrete structures on the response reduction factor. Response reduction factor was formulated based on three aspects, namely, overstrength, redundancy, and ductility factors. Fluid viscous damper is a device that enhances the performance of the building by adding damping. A nonlinear dynamic analysis was performed with ETABS-2016 software using structural models with damper devices installed in different locations at various story levels. Results revealed that the response reduction factors for reinforced concrete structures with damper devices are higher than those for reinforced concrete structures without damper devices and the effect of nonlinear viscous damper on overstrength, ductility and response reduction factor of special moment resisting frame (SMRF) frames is evaluated. From this result we came to know that the Indian standard recommends a higher value of R than that of actual value, which is potentially dangerous. Some limitations and other significant conclusions are also provides in this paper.


The component of the surface and profile of AlN films have been investigated using X ray photoelectron spectrometry(XPS). The results show that the surface of the films was composed by Al, N, O and C elements. C and O contaminations are attributed both to the sputtering chamber venting and to exposure of the films to air. According XPS depth profile analysis, it is found that the composition of the film along the growth axis is nearly uniform, and Al/N ratio is close to that in the AlN stoichiometry. Beneath the surface, the amount of O in the film is found below 5%.


As crucial urban resources, industrial heritage occupies an important geographic location of the city, and it is generally of historical value, social value, technological or scientific value, economic value, and aesthetic value. The paper selected TESTBED2 as the case to study for it is the typical light industrial remains after the industrial revolution in Chongqing. This paper tried to discuss conservation of industrial heritage from multi-sensory marketing and Sustainable development. The paper evaluated the industrial heritage TESTBED2, and provided new methods for the reform of the industrial wasteland, and brought new landscape forms and looked forward to the model and tracks for the protection and reuse for the industrial industry, so as to realize the sustainable development of the industrial heritage.


The problems requiring managerial decisions are common for all countries in the Euro-Atlantic community regardless of the status of each individual country. Regardless the involved state is a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) or its partner. Some of these problems have already existed for decades but have become particularly acute over the last twenty years. These problems include the reduction of troops and spending on post-Cold War peace dividends as well as the need of an increase in the number of mobile armed forces capable of operating far beyond the borders of their countries and whose actions have to be supported for a very long periods of time.


Much of the previous research examining the differences that an increased number of women make in state legislatures has been done by comparing women's actions and behaviors to those of their male colleagues. Most of these studies have discovered behavioral and attitudinal differences between female and male legislators, but few seek to examine the source of these differences. Conover demonstrated that, among the mass public, a feminist identity can help explain political differences between women and men and also among women. In this research, the authors seek to examine elite behavior in the same context by focusing on state legislators. Specifically, the authors investigate the degree to which possessing a feminist identity influences the legislative behaviors and priorities of female state legislators.


BACKGROUND
Influenza cause high hospitalization rates and complications in children.

OBJECTIVE
To describe clinical and epidemiological characteristics of influenza infection in hospitalized children.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
In Universidad Católica Hospital, all hospitalizations due to influenza in children aged 15 days to 14 years, occurring between January 2001 and December 2005 were reviewed.

RESULTS
Of a total of 3570 admissions associated with a respiratory illness, 124 (3.5%) were due to influenza, of which 75% presented between the months of April and June. Median age was 20.5 months (60% younger than 2 years) and 24% had an underlying risk factor. Most common symptoms were fever (94%) and dry cough (61%) and 75% of the children required oxygen. The most frequent complication was pneumonia (53%). The mean duration of hospitalization and oxygen use were 4.4 and 2.5 days respectively. Fifty two children (49.1%) received an antibiotic and nine children were admitted to intensive care unit. No deaths were recorded.

CONCLUSION
Influenza virus cause serious complications and affects mostly healthy children younger than 2 years.


Best Books for First Graders Image not found https://www.bcls.lib.nj.us/sites/default/files//articles/1stgradebooks.png First grade readers, just beginning to appreciate the joy of independent reading, will love these books for the zany characters, the life lessons and active minds imagining new worlds. Suggestions for early reader books help round off this list of beautifully crafted and vivid picture books.


The scientific paper output of the United Nations University (UNU) was bibliometrically analysed.It was found that (i) a noticeable continous paper output starts in 1995, (ii) about 65% of the research papers have been published as international cooperations and 18% as single-authored papers, (iv) the research papers rank above world average according to Pudovkin-Garfield Percentile Rank Index, and (v) paper content indicate the wide variety of scientific topics UNU has been and is working on.


widely dilated, the right rather more so than the left, and both were insensible to light. The pulse was quick and feeble. There was no stertorous breathing. lie had occasional convulsions up to 3 P.M. after which he lay quite still till he died, two hours afterwards. Post mortem examination, forty-eight hours after death. The body was moderately well nourished. On removing the calvarium, the vessels were found greatly congested ; and on the left side, in the cavity of the arachnoid, there was a thin layer of blood effused over the whole surface of the left hemisphere. Upon carefully washing away the clots, the blood was found to have escaped from the rupture of an aneurism, about the size of a pea, on the left internal carotid artery. The brain was healthy, with the exception of a small portion of the middle lobe, at the inner part of the fissure of Sylvius, which was broken down by the effused blood. There was no disease of the heart or arteries, and the other organs were also healthy. Death from intracranial aneurism at so early an age as thirteen years is very rare. Sir William Gull, in reporting some cases of aneurism of the cerebral vessels in Guy's Hos,pital Reports (vol. v, page 284) says that the youngest recorded case in which aneurism within the cranium has been fatal is fourteen years. Since then, however, Dr. Clhurch has recorded in the Patholok,ical Transactions (vol. xx, I869, page IO9) a case of death from intracranial aneurism in a boy thirteen years old. In this case, there were long vegetations on the mitral valve and hypertrophy of the heart, which condition, Dr. Church says, has been found in most recorded cases where mention of the state of the heart is made. In my case, there was no disease of the heart ; and the previous history was that the boy had never suffered from any illness or cerebral symptoms since he was nine months old (when he had convulsions) until the present attack.


Abstract Undergraduate research experiences (UREs) have been shown to facilitate students' pursuit of graduate studies and careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields, including geoscience. Less is known about why or how UREs have a lasting impact on participants, particularly through graduate school and into careers. Furthermore, few studies have captured the views and experiences of former URE participants no longer in STEM. The present study used purposive sampling and semistructured interviews to explore the long-term academic and career impacts of a summer-long geoscience URE (4 to 7 years post-URE; M = 5.4) on 10 former participants: 4 in STEM graduate school, 4 in STEM careers, and 2 in non-STEM careers. During interviews, participants described key long-term URE impacts within three interrelated domains: research/science, graduate school, and careers. These came about through a combination of significant relationships (e.g., mentors) and heightened self-awareness (e.g., clarity of career aspirations), which participants developed during the URE. Often, participants spoke of seemingly proximal URE outcomes that retained or gained significance over time. For example, the URE offered immersive experiences (e.g., in laboratory science) and opportunities for professional development (e.g., programing) that gave participants insight and skills related to their future endeavors. Drawing on these emergent themes, we discuss the importance of examining long-term URE impacts towards a deeper understanding of their benefits and toward the design of more effective URE programs.


of Buchanan's life prior to 1857. Mr. Klein has studied every facet of his subject's career, and has spared no effort in making his work definitive. His bibliography is impressive both in size and in quality. One is particularly struck with the number and variety of manuscript collections upon which he has drawn. He presents his subject clearly, and the over-all effect of his book is to induce the fairminded reader to view Buchanan in a more


A numerical model named 'B-Oil' is developed, based on the solution of the governing partial differential equations of flow and immiscible pollutants to backtrack oil slick incidents in both Kuwaiti offshore regions and the Arabian Gulf waters.The model was coupled with the KGulf Model, a hydrodynamic numerical model,which supplies the necessary 2-D flow fields of the surface waters. The Lagrangian discrete parcel algorithm was adopted to backtrack oil spills, and the Monte Carlo statistical technique was applied to overcome the random walks in the Lagrangian discrete parcel algorithm. The adopted technique was investigated with three previous oil incidents, documented in literature, which occurred in the Arabian Gulf. The model performed adequately in predicting the source of the oil spill, with general higher accuracy, when the distance between the transported and original oil spill locations were shorter, compared with larger distances. This was mainly attributed to the lack of representation of surface flow fields, particularly rising from the application of the average wind conditions. However, conducting larger test numbers, that in principal increases the computational times, have shown to improve the model predictions. Having said that, limitations and sensitivity of the model was addressed by means of numerical scenarios and testing the significance of effective numerical parameters. Such technologies could be used on a real-time basis to predict the source of an oil spill (or any floating matter following lagrangian mechanics) that helps decision makers in responding on timely basis to oil spill accidents in the offshore regions.


Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is triggered by pulmonary vascular endothelial cell apoptosis and microvascular loss; therefore, therapies that can regenerate lost vasculature may offer therapeutic benefit. Endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) can directly repair damaged blood vessels and may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of PAH. However, poor retention of ECFCs in the lungs following intravenous delivery greatly limits their therapeutic application. Therefore, we studied whether cellular microencapsulation could enhance ECFCs viability and retention in the lung after systemic delivery and improve therapeutic efficacy of ECFCs in a rat monocrotaline (MCT) PAH model. Methods ECFCs were encapsulated by vortex-emulsion using various concentrations of agarose, and capsule size and initial cell viability were assessed. Encapsulated and free ECFCs were transduced with luciferase and administered to Sprague-Dawley rats three days after injection of MCT. ECFCs were tracked in vivo by bioluminescence imaging (BLI) to assess cell persistence and bio-distribution. At end-study, right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and right ventricular hypertrophy were assessed for therapeutic efficacy. Results Microgel encapsulation using 3.5% agarose improved cells survival and supported cell migration from capsules. At 15 minutes after delivery, BLI radiance were similar for free and microencapsulated ECFCs; however, only encapsulated cells could be detected by BLI at 4 and 24 hours. Transplantation of microencapsulated ECFCs led to significant improvement in RVSP three weeks after delivery compared to non-encapsulated ECFCs. Conclusion Together, microencapsulation increased retention of ECFCs within the lungs. Furthermore, even a modest increase in ECFCs persistence over 24 hours can provide an important therapeutic benefit in the rat MCT model of PAH.


Presentation of Case A 52-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of pancytopenia and a question of enteric fever. Three years earlier a cadaveric renal transplantation was performed at t...


This essay revisits and reframes The Sundowners as a key work in the 'transnational' phase of director Fred Zinnemann's career, while also re-examining the film's production and reception, representation of place or geography, position within international film production models of the period, and direct influence on seminal works of the 1970s Australian feature-film revival such as Sunday Too Far Away (Ken Hannam, 1975). It also explores the place of The Sundowners within various discourses of Australian national cinema.


The preparation of a novel polyurethane resin and its related down product one pack varnish is reported.The operation cost is lowered significantly owing to the ultilization of waste PET as raw material and all property indexes of the product are up to standard.Greater worth of spreading of this technology is forcasted.


Due to the extension of communication ways (metro, highways, railways), hence, to improve traffic flow imposes often the difficult crossing that generally drive to the construction of underground works (tunnel, water conveyance tunnel...) plays a major role in the redevelopment of urban areas. This study is focused on the assessment of the interaction response of parallel tunnels, so this study uses the results from the simulation of two tunnels to illustrate a few observations that may aid in practical designs. In this article, simultaneous drilling of highway\'s twin tunnels is simulated by means of Finite Element Method (FEM) implemented in Plaxis program. So the treated subject appears in a setting of geotechnical where one can be to construct several tunnels sometimes in a ground of weak mechanical characteristics. The objective of this study is to simulate numerically the interaction effects caused by construction of two parallels tunnels. This is an important factor in the study of the total answer of the problem interaction between parallels underground works. The importance of the effects transmitted is function of several parameters as the type of the works, and the mechanical characteristics (tunnel size, depth, and the relative position between two tunnels, lining thickness...). This article describes numerical analyses of two parallels tunnels interaction. This study will be applied to a real case of a section tunnel T4 of the highway East-West (Algeria); the study presented below comprises a series of numerical simulations of two tunnels using the computer program Plaxis which is used in the analyses is based on Finite Element Method.


Anggraini Febraningrum. K7113019. APPLICATION OF PAIR CHECK LEARNING BASED ON FLASHCARD MEDIA TO IMPROVE FRACTION COUNTING SKILL (Classroom Action Research at Fifth Grade Students of Bratan II Surakarta Elementary School in Year 2016/2017). Thesis, Surakarta: Teacher Training Education Faculty, Sebelas Maret University, July 2017. The purpose of the research is to improve fraction counting skill with Pair Check learning based on Flashcard media to fifth grade student of Bratan II Surakarta Elementary School in Year 2016/2017. The form of the research is classroom action research with consist of two cycle. Every cycle consist of four phases namely: planning, implementation the action, observation, and reflection. The subject of the research is teacher and fifth grade student of Bratan II Surakarta Elementary School in Year 2016/2017, totalling 38 students. The techniques of data collections is use interview, observation, test, and documentation. The techniques of data analysis use interactive model (Miles & Hubermen) with consist of data reduction, data display, and conclusion. The techniques of data validation is triangulation of source and triangulation of techniques. The result of the research show that application of Pair Check learning based on Flashcard media can improve fraction counting skill to fifth grade student of Bratan II Surakarta Elementary School in Year 2016/2017. This result can be proved by the average value in the initial conditions before applying Pair Check learning based on Flashcard media is 70,97 with percentage of class completeness is 39,47, in the first cycle the average value increase to 80,17 with percentage of class completeness is 55,26%, and in the second cycle the average value increase to 87,3 with percentage of class completeness is 92,11%. Based on the research, it can be concluded that application of Pair Check learning based on Flashcard media be able to improve fraction counting skill at fifth grade student of Bratan II Surakarta Elementary School in Year 2016/2017. Key words: Pair Check Learning, Flashcard Media, Fraction Counting Skill


We read with interest the recent article, "Alexander disease mutant glial fibrillary acidic protein compromises glutamate transport in astrocytes," by Tian et al (1). The authors documented impairment of glutamate transport in aberrant astrocytes bearing mutant glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) that may play an important role in the pathogenesis of oligodendrocyte and neuronal degeneration in Alexander disease (AxD). …


A MACROSCOPIC ANALYSIS IS DESCRIBED OF LANE-CHANGING BEHAVIOR ON MULTILANE HIGHWAYS. IT INCLUDES DESCRIPTIONS OF THE PATTERN AND FREQUENCY OF LANE-CHANGING MANEUVERS OBSERVED UNDER VARYING ROAD AND TRAFFIC CONDITIONS, THE DISTRIBUTION OF MANEUVER LENGTHS AND TIMES, AND THE ACCEPTANCE AND REJECTION OF GAPS BY LANE-CHANGING VEHICLES. DATA FOR THE STUDY WERE COLLECTED AT A SAMPLE OF 30 FREEWAY-LOCATIONS IN CHICAGO. /AUTHOR/


A biological basis for learning reconfigures our ways of thinking about learning generally (as we argued in the first of this set of papers). In this second paper, we argue the worth of this new view of learning and its fruitfulness for technology-and-science education in particular. In support, we cite seminal writings on learning by theorists (such as Dewey, Peirce and Piaget among others) which can now be corroborated neuroscientifically. We demonstrate the potency of this new view of learning in making sense of the findings of empirical studies of technology-and-science learning, modelling technologyand-science education as a set of five natural and contiguous acts. We conclude by considering some technology-and-science teaching and curriculum implications of adopting this biological view of learning.


Objective:To evaluate the effect of traction reduction and locking compression plates(LCP) for the treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly.Methods:From February 2008 to May 2009,41 old patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures were treated with traction reduction and LCP internal fixation.The therapeutic effect was investigated based on the preoperative and postoperative hip X-ray film and post-operative recovery of joint function.Results:Patients were followed up for 6 to 13 months,9 months averagely.Excellent effect was observed in 34 cases and good effect in 7 cases according to Harris scores.Conclusion:Traction reduction and LCP has a preferable clinical value in the treatment of aged patients with femoral intertrochanteric fracture,especially those with osteoporosis.


Plasma is a very versatile tool for many applications. Due to its high reactivity and harsh environments, sealing materials are crucial for safety, process stability and productivity. Seals made from perfluoroelastomers and fluoroelastomers are normally used in critical locations in plasma environment due to their extraordinary chemical inertness, high thermal stability and cleanness. Elastomeric sealing materials made from perfluoroelastomers and fluoroelastomers as well as other elastomers are studied in various plasma environments and plasma attack mechanism will be discussed.


The authors prepared a new type of the Sn-Ni-coated calcium-magnesium silicate whisker/nickel powder/epoxy resin electromagnetic shielding composite coating by preparation methods of paints using Sn-Ni-coated whisker and nickel powders as filler and using epoxy resin as binder.This paper studies the effect of the whisker on the electric conductivity and electromagnetic wave shielding effectiveness of the coating.The experiment shows that the optimum addition amount of the Sn-Ni-coated calcium-magnesium silicate whisker is 5% of the filler content in the coating.When the coating layer thickness is 0.3 mm of the Sn-Ni-coated calcium-magnesium silicate whisker/nickel powder/epoxy resin electromagnetic shielding composite coating,the resistivity is 1.32 Ω·cm and reduced by 1.08 Ω·cm and the shielding effectiveness is 37.197~46.139 dB and increased by 5.385~9.854 dB in the frequency range of 300 kHz~1.5 GHz compared with the nickel powder/epoxy resin coating.This paper introduces a new method for enhancing the level of the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources and the prevention of electromagnetic environmental pollution.


This paper discusses the dynamics of continuum-wise hyperbolic surface homeomorphisms. We prove that $cw_F$-hyperbolic surface homeomorphisms containing only a finite set of spines are $cw_2$-hyperbolic. In the case of $cw_3$-hyperbolic homeomorphisms we prove the finiteness of spines and, hence, that $cw_3$-hyperbolicity implies $cw_2$-hyperbolicity. In the proof, we adapt techniques of Hiraide [11] and Lewowicz [15] in the case of expansive surface homeomorphisms to prove that local stable/unstable continua of $cw_F$-hyperbolic homeomorphisms are continuous arcs. We also adapt techniques of Artigue, Pac\'ifico and Vieitez [6] in the case of N-expansive surface homeomorphisms to prove that the existence of spines is strongly related to the existence of bi-asymptotic sectors and conclude that spines are necessarily isolated from other spines.


When implementing MBSE in complex systems development, it is never about only ONE model or only ONE language. Instead, there is a need to be able to handle different aspects over time, i.e., to separate what it shall become at the end (the future) from what it is for each specific product configuration (the present). This is especially evident in large‐scale projects with complex products having very long life cycles. Therefore, there is a need for models capturing the long‐time perspective, i.e., defining the desired future state of a system, together with models representing the current state of design, and models describing in detail how it will be in the near future. In the paper, a structured way to separate those tenses is presented in a context of the complex systems development of a fighter aircraft, allowing for representing multiple realisation models for a system element. Enablers for achieving this separation over tenses is discussed, where extensive configuration management is one key aspect.


We will discuss superimposed codes and non-adaptive group testing designs arising from the potentialities of compressed genotyping models in molecular biology. The given lecture was motivated by the 30th anniversary of our recurrent upper bound on the rate of superimposed codes published in 1982. We were also inspired by recent results obtained for non-adaptive threshold group testing which essentially develop the theory of superimposed codes.


It is necessary to know how the members of a school perceive their school management to investigate how they are related to their organizations. In this case, we can refer to metaphors, which are excellent tools for people to express their subconscious thoughts and perceptions about their organizations. On the other hand, metaphors help us to understand the estimations of school management by the members of school organizations. In the literature review, no study could be found about perceptions of teachers, principals and also staff on school management. So, it can be said that conducting this research will fill this gap in the literature. The aim of this study is to examine metaphorical perceptions of teachers, principals and staff on school management. According to the findings; 45 metaphors by female participants, 20 metaphors by male participants, 50 metaphors by teachers, 9 metaphors by principals and 6 metaphors by staff,  42 metaphors by participants whose seniority in school is 1-5 years, 11 metaphors by participants whose seniority in school is 6-10 years, 8 metaphors by participants whose seniority in school is 11-15 years, 2 metaphors by participants whose seniority in school is 16-20 years, 2 metaphors by participants whose seniority in school is 21 years and over were created about their own school management. The most produced metaphor is a family metaphor. 41 metaphors by female participants, 25 metaphors by male participants, 50 metaphors by teachers, 10 metaphors by principals, 6 metaphors by staff, 43 metaphors by participants whose seniority in school is 1-5 years, 10 metaphors by participants whose seniority in school is 6-10 years,  6 metaphors by participants whose seniority in school is 11-15 years, 5 metaphors by participants whose seniority in school is 16-20 years and 2 metaphors by participants whose seniority in school is 21 years and over were created on ideal school management. The most produced metaphor again is family metaphor. Conducting metaphor researches about shool management is seen useful for school improvement and will ensure benefits to researchers and practitioners. Moreover, metaphors are valuable imagery tools can be used by reseachers and practitioners to provide clarity to complex issues to describe real situations in school management. Keywords: metaphor, school management, teachers, principals, staff


1.0. Introduction One of the most significant shifts in the labour market in the past decades has been the increase in the participation of women across the globe. This shift is widely highlighted for its positive impact on national productivity, economic growth and cultural implication for women's economic empowerment. In Nigeria, women's labour participation has begun to pick up in recent years after many years of stagnation. However, women's entry point into labour has been mainly through the informal sector or at the bottom pyramid of the formal labour market. Promoting women's inclusion in the top echelon of the labour market remains a knotty policy issue. This has become more important with the Nigerian government increasing priority around MSMEs as a tool for poverty alleviation and economic development. MSMEs can serve as both entry points and progression pathways for women. In this article, we examine the trend of female entrepreneurs joining the labour market and also explore other impediments and the various policy measures to empower more women entrepreneurs.


Objective To understand the serum level of Ca,Fe,Zn and Pb of children aged 1 to 7 at a mining area of Molybdenum in Huayin County,Shanxi Province. Methods Samples of blood serum of 348 preschool children were collected,and the serum level of calcium(Ca),iron(Fe),zinc(Zn) and lead(Pb) were tested by atom absorption spectrophotometer(Varian Spectr AA/240FS,made in USA). Results The proportion of microelement deficiency for zinc,iron and calcium were 25.86%,4.6%,and 13.51% respectively.Serum level of lead in 65 children(18.68 %) exceeded the poisoning level. Conclusion There were significant deficiency in Zn,Fe and Ca among children in the mining area of Molybdenum in Huayin County,and lead poisoning was also a serious problem.


This paper sums up the measures to treat cut slope in expressway and puts forward a new method to calculate the slope relability by the application of Dynamic Programming.


: Most formulated strategies do not end up being successfully implemented are a result of a number of factors leading to interest in examining how culture may be related to strategy implementation. In this study, we examined the relationship between organization culture and strategy implementation using a survey of 129 respondents from 43 commercial banks in Kenya. Trompenaars four culture types were used for organizational culture while strategy implementation was operationalised and measured using three sub-constructs:organization communication, policy framework and short-term objectives. We found significant relationship between organization culture and strategy implementation. Specifically cultures that are formal and task oriented (Guided missile and Eiffel tower)were more significantly related to strategy implementation (organization communication, policy framework and short-term objectives), compared with those that were person oriented, such as family cultures. Being among the first attempts to use Trompenaars culture topology to study the relationship between organization culture and strategy implementation, these findings have important implications for managers with regard to what cultures to promote in the banks and possibly other organisations in order to improve strategy implementation, and hence successful organization performance. and ever increasing complexity demands greater competitiveness in all aspects of the organization's Organization culture is a force that in a unique way influences the internal environment of every firm. Successful strategy implementation requires right strategy- culture fit. When organizations adopt appropriate strategies and successfully implement them, performance will improve accordingly. This study predicts that organization culture influences strategy implementation, which in turn determines organization performance.


Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global epidemic affecting ~25% of the world population.1 Liver fibrosis stage is the main predictor of NAFLD complications, including decompensated cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), liver transplant and mortality.2 Therefore, recent efforts have increasingly focused on risk stratifying NAFLD patients to identify NAFLD patients with significant fibrosis.3 Kang and colleagues assessed the utility of evaluating a large cohort of individuals attending health check-up clinics in South Korea with magnetic resonance elastography (MRE).4 After excluding patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) causes other than NAFLD, they found that 8.0% of their NAFLD cohort (n = 413) had significant liver fibrosis, while 1.5% had advanced fibrosis. However, among the average risk population without evidence of CLD or NAFLD, significant and advanced fibrosis were 2.1% and 0.2%, respectively. These findings highlight the burden of liver fibrosis secondary to NAFLD in this study patient cohort. Different modalities can be used to evaluate liver fibrosis.5 Although MRE is considered the most accurate modality, it is costly and not widely available. Transient elastography (TE), although accurate and commonly used, is mainly limited to tertiary referral centres. Therefore, recent studies have recommended implementing serum-based fibrosis scores, such as fibrosis-4 variable index (FIB-4), as a first step in evaluating NAFLD patients for advanced fibrosis in primary care. However, using FIB-4 alone leads to ~ 30% of NAFLD patients requiring liver specialist assessment.3 Optimally, serum fibrosis score testing can be followed by an elastography based modality, such as TE, shearwave elastography (SWE) or MRE.3 The current study is similar to previously published population-based studies using radiological methods as a first step to identify NAFLD patients with either significant or advanced fibrosis.6-9 Caballeria et al reported that 5.8% of the general Barcelona population had LSM by TE >8.0 kPa, with the majority of patients having NAFLD. In contrast, Koehler et al reported a prevalence of 8.4% for the same LSM cut-off in a Dutch population.6,8 A study from Hong Kong reported that 2% of NAFLD patients in the general population had LSM >9.6 kPa.7 However, all of these studies used LSM measured by TE for estimating liver fibrosis, differing from the current study. The current study does have some important limitations, including 81% of cohort participants were men and median BMI was 25 kg/m2. Recent guidelines have recommended an enhanced focus on risk stratification of NAFLD patients at a population level, to assess the utility and cost-effectiveness of case-identification of patients with either significant or advanced fibrosis.10 With promising antifibrotic therapies coming to the clinic soon, coupled with current recommendations for intense lifestyle modification, there is an urgent need to develop clinical pathways that robustly risk-stratify NAFLD patients based on fibrosis stage. Each pathway should implement serum-based and/or radiological modalities based on locally available resources.


This paper considers the problem of intergranular stress corrosion cracking, initiated on the primary side, in the expansion transition region of roller expanded Alloy 600 tubing. In general it is believed that residual stresses, arising from the expansion process, are the cause of the problem. The work reported here concentrated on the identification of an optimal, in-situ stress relief treatment.


Abstract I first discuss the fundamental responsibilities of physicians and relate them to an increasingly fragmented medical system made even more complex by government regulations. I focus on trust as a vital component in the doctor–patient relationship, and note the difficult conditions surrounding the treatment of poor and marginal populations. Subsequently, I sketch the elements of a new vision to extend medical services to neglected populations. In that pursuit, the part played by physicians is only as important as the willingness of neighbourhoods and communities to support health as a public good.


In previous articles the author has discussed the factors influencing the development of education in the southern colonies and sketched the legislation of Virginia relating to compulsory education.' It was shown that a system had been developed which provided for the compulsory education of certain classes of children, mainly through the system of apprenticeship, including the machinery for the enforcement of the legislation, similar to that of the New England colonies. In this paper we shall study the question of the enforcement of the laws and give illustrations of their workings in particular counties. The laws enacted by colonial assemblies for the regulation of society, such as the criminal codes, slave codes, laws involving public and private morals, religion, education, and in fact most other subjects, represent an ideal or a theory. In most cases the actual practice did not coincide with the laws, either because they were contrary to public sentiment, or because they could not be enforced, owing to inefficient machinery or officials whose duty it was to put them into operation. On the other hand, customs or practices sometimes became so regular and certain that laws were enacted to register this condition and to give added force to what was recognized as desirable. In such cases the practice often coincided to a remarkable degree with the laws. In either case general laws or practice seldom operated in the same way over a large area. Indeed, important variations might occur in adjoining cotinties or even in parishes. The account which follows is intended to show that the laws on compulsory education were put into operation in the cases cited, leaving open for further study the question how far the counties and parishes from which illustrations are given were typical of all the counties and parishes in Virginia.


Open a cess: www.balimedicaljournal.org and ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/bmj Diabetes mellitus control among elderly patients at geriatric polyclinic of Karangasem District Hospital, Bali, Indonesia: a preliminary study Ni Made Ayu Dwipayanti1, I Wayan Nariata1, I Gusti Putu Suka Aryana2* Background: The increasing number of elderly populations also increases the number of chronic degenerative diseases, including diabetes mellitus (DM). Therefore, diabetes control is needed to prevent various complications and improve the health quality of the elderly patient. This study aims to obtain preliminary information about diabetes control in elderly patients in the geriatric clinic of Karangasem District Hospital to provide appropriate management to improve diabetes control. Method: This research is a cross-sectional study and consecutive sampling of 46 DM patients who seek treatment at the geriatric clinic of Karangasem District Hospital in the period May-July 2019. Inclusion criteria were DM patients aged ≥60 years. We exclude diabetes person with acute infection and end-stage renal disease. The criteria for DM control used in this study is body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial glucose (PPG), and HbA1c levels. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 for Windows and depicted descriptively. Results: Among 46 samples, there were 23 (50.0%) male and 23 (50.0%) female enrolled in this study. We find median of each, BMI was 23.2856 kg/m2, SBP 120 mmHg, DBP 70mmHg, 153.5 mg/ dl for FPG, 238 mg/dl for PPG, and 7.8% for HbA1c. In this study, patients who met target of diabetes control is 34.8% for BMI, 53.8% for SBP, 76.9% for DBP, 43.5% for FPG, 17.4% PPG, and 28.3


Abstract : A single SQUID mounted on a platform subject to random motions in the earth's field will have large spurious components in its output. In order to recover the information of interest (changes in magnitude of the total magnetic field), it is necessary to combine the outputs of three mutually orthogonal sensors in an appropriate way. The coefficients characterizing this combination depend on the initial orientation of the platform relative to the earth's field, and thus must be determined dynamically. Several algorithms which deduce these coefficients from a sequence of SQUID output data have been studied. In general the noise in the ambient field and/or the sensor noise (input noise) results in errors in the computed coefficients; these errors in turn lead to an additional source of noise in the processed output (processing noise). Computer simulations have been used to study interactions relating the frequency spectrum of the processing noise to the spectra of the input noise and platform oscillations. A number of practical considerations involved in a realization of a mobile platform system have also been analyzed. These include (1) the possibility of achieving a digitized output from the SQUIDS with sufficient linearity, dynamic range, and slew rate; and (2) the maximum deviations of the sensors from perfect orthogonality and gain uniformity that can be tolerated for given magnitude of platform oscillations. (Author)


Introduction. Reliability-Based Design Optimization (RBDO) model reduces the structural weight in uncritical regions; it provides not only an improved design but also a higher level of confidence in the design. Materials and Methods. The classical RBDO approach can be carried out in two separate spaces: the physical space and the normalized space. Since lots of repeated researches are needed in the above two spaces, the computational time for such an optimization is a big problem. Fortunately, an efficient method called the Hybrid Method (HM) has been elaborated by which the optimization process is carried out in a Hybrid Design Space (HDS). When designing free vibrated structures, the HM can be used with a big implementation complexity, and that leads to high computing time. An efficient method called Safest Point (SP) method is developed to overcome this drawback. Research Results. A numerical application on the composite aircraft wing under free vibrations shows the efficiency of the proposed method relative to the HM. The SP method can reduce efficiently the computing time relative to the HM. Discussion and Conclusions. The simplified implementation framework of the SP strategy consists of decoupling the RBDO problem into a number of simple problems. That provides designers with efficient solutions that should be economically justified for a required reliability level for dynamic cases (modal studies).


Digital storytelling (DST) is an evolution of the age-old traditional storytelling, by utilizing the power of storytelling via the latest technology. In order for a digital storyteller to construct a digital story, there are sets of guided elements to be followed. However, these experts-proposed elements vary; while some are repetitive others do not cater for interactivity. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to identify the commonality of the diverse elements used by the different experts to eliminate their redundancy. A conceptual model of the identified DST core elements was constructed and reviewed by five international experts. The model was then further evaluated by 62 potential DST users. The evaluation on the quality of the model encompassed the following constructs: Perceived Ease of Understanding, Perceived Usefulness, User Satisfaction, and Perceived Semantic Quality. The findings indicated that the respondents perceived the conceptual model as having quality (mean score of 4.936 over a scale of 7.000). T-Test also revealed that there is no significant difference between the perception of those with experience in developing DST and those without experience. This suggests that the conceptual model consisting of the DST core elements, which is the main contribution of the study, could guide digital storytellers in developing digital story.


Intracranial metastasis is very common in adult cancer patients with an overall incidence of approximately 10–40%. The most common primary tumors responsible for this in adults are lung and breast cancer. Brain metastasis signifies a grave prognosis, with a median survival of 6 to 12 months. They are traditionally managed with palliative care and whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT). WBRT was an effective method to control brain metastases, decreasing corticosteroid use to control tumor-associated edema, and potentially improving overall survival; however, WBRT was found to be associated with a serious neurocognitive degeneration, this adverse effect (AE) follows a biphasic pattern beginning with a transient decline in mental functioning at around 4 months post-treatment, slowly leading to an irreversible neurologic impairment from months to years later. Evidence supports that WBRT can cause radiation injury to the hippocampus, which in turn will lead to a decline in neurocognitive function (NCF). Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) is a relatively new type of image-guided radiotherapy that treats multiple brain metastasis simultaneously and efficiently with less neurocognitive sequelae. Eighteen cancer patients with limited (≤5 brain tumors) or oligometastatic brain tumor were treated with a spatially fractionated VMAT technique for a total dose of 30 Gy in 10 fractions, the patients tolerated the VMAT treatment with no radiation-induced neurologic toxicities after a mean follow-up of 1 year. Local control rate was 84%, and the median survival for these 19 patients was 11.3 months (range: 9.1–22.4 months). In conclusion, the VMAT is a suitable technique that is a safe and effective treatment for brain oligometastases.


We are witnessing growth and maturation in the field of assistive technology (AT), fueled by increasing global awareness of the role of AT in facilitating access to rights of persons with disabilities or impairments associated with aging. The World Health Organization's Global Cooperation on Assistive Technology (GATE) Initiative has highlighted the challenges facing people who use or need AT on a global scale reminding us of the interconnected nature of all aspects of AT with proposed 5 Ps as areas of focus (Khasnabis et al., 2015). People, or AT users, are at the core of our work (Desmond et al., 2018). To deliver AT effectively, we must also consider personnel – the human resources required to provide safe and effective AT services (E. M. Smith et al., 2018), policy – the policies and systems governing AT services (MacLachlan et al., 2018), provision – the processes used to ensure people get access to the right AT at the right time (De Witte et al., 2018), and products – the technologies used in the field (R. O. Smith et al., 2018). As a leading AT journal, we have a responsibility to keep pace with changes in the field, and address the need for evidence to inform AT products and practice, and the programs, systems, and policies which promote and govern access to AT. While AT users, practitioners and researchers understand intuitively, or through experience, that access to AT offers benefit to those who use it, we often lack key evidence to advocate for increased access to AT for all. To this end, we are adopting a new research framework which identifies specific areas of research to inform the growth of a mature, evidence-informed field. We will continue to publish high-quality Research Papers, describing qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods research in AT, while distinguishing these from more targeted areas of research. To address the need for empirical evidence in AT, you will find papers dedicated to the development or evaluation of AT specific Outcome Measures. We have added Policy Studies, which will describe the development, application, or evaluation of AT Policy. We have renamed our original design articles to reflect the breadth and complexity of the process used to develop new AT products to Product Development and Evaluation, and encourage AT developers to describe the design, development, and evaluation of novel assistive technologies. We have also added Ethical Considerations, where authors will have an opportunity to explore ethical issues in the development and application of AT products, systems, and services. We are also now seeking Commentary on issues relevant to the advancement of AT written by leading voices in the field. Leadership in AT research means we must address this range of issues. We must be also principled in our approach to publication, ensuring the work we publish adheres to high methodological and ethical standards, with meaningful inclusion of AT users throughout all aspects of our research and a focus on interdisciplinary work. To that end, you will see statements in our revised Instructions for Authors and future editorials dedicated to these principles. We have an opportunity to strengthen the field by acknowledging the breadth and complexity of AT. We look forward to sharing the new approach with you and working together to promote access to AT for all.


As network coding approach improves the throughput by routing flows close to each other for utilizing coding opportunities in wireless network, the interference increases and leads the bad network delay. In this paper, we propose a interference known network coding aware routing metric (INCM) with considering the tradeoff between increasing coding opportunity and decreasing wireless interference in delay-constrained wireless network environment. We model interference as two types (blocking transmission and interfering reception) and model network coding by ETX and adjustment of coded nodes ETX. Then we setup a LP model by considering interference with network coding. With the simulation by NS2, we compare INCM with other metrics, which only considers coding opportunity or interference. The simulation results show that our proposed metric has achieved better throughput and less delay.


With the development of economy, enterprises require the graduates of economic and management major have more comprehensive professional abilities and qualities. But the current practice teaching of high vocational colleges exists many problems,the current teaching is difficult to realize the cultivation of students' comprehensive occupation ability. In order to solve this problem, this paper aims at building platform of high vocational college of economics and management specialty practice teaching system based on virtual business social environment.


In the recent years, there has been a great interest in the development of new anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. In particular, various metallic and intermetallic lithium storage hosts have been studied. So far, tin-based materials have been in the center of interest. The main motivation for the use of metallic and intermetallic materials are the great amounts of lithium which can be stored and the high lithium packing densities which can be achieved, eventually resulting in high theoretical specific charges and charge densities [1-3].


This article seeks to explore the community of boys and girls in foster care and how to raise them. The following methods of research, ie interview and observation, were widely used in the study of the problem. Some of the problems encountered in the upbringing of boys and girls in orphanages have been scientifically analyzed. There are ways to manage the changes associated with this period through the community, whether negatively or positively influencing their morals, behavior, and social attitudes.


For twenty‐one years, soil information and knowledge in Victoria, Australia has been shared via the Victorian Resources Online (VRO) website. VRO has been the primary online repository for soil and landscape information generated from land resource assessment studies, field days, training workshops, and the visualization and animation of soil and landscape processes. User surveys and qualitative feedback have highlighted the value of online soil information to users, with many considering it a useful "tool of trade," particularly those involved in agricultural research, extension, planning and education. An extensive series of "Healthy Soils" training workshops (2007–2010) focused on topics such as "soil types and structure," "soil chemical testing," "soil biology," "soil erosion" and "organic matter." Evaluation has demonstrated their usefulness and relevance, with learning outcomes achieved by >80% of overall participants, many of whom planned to make better management decisions and change management practices on‐farm. The information and knowledge generated through the series of workshops remains a valuable online resource. The development of more sophisticated knowledge visualization tools, such as animations, has broadened the potential audience for soil‐related information. Analytical profiling of VRO users in recent years has highlighted it as a source of information and knowledge for a local, national and international audience. This supports the notion that increasing access to public‐sector data and information provides significant benefits. Lessons learnt from enduring programs such as VRO can inform future information and knowledge management initiatives.


The message is clear: Fully bundled energy services often do notwork. BUT: I do not advocate unbundling without a thorough under-standing of all implications and ramifications.To explain the concept, bundling combines the provision of electriccommodity with other energy-related provisions that would normallyhave an out-of-pocket cost associated with them. As an example, a re-placement chiller may be provided without initial capital outlay by vir-tue of its acquisition cost being recovered through savings partially at-tributable to a discount in the cost of the electric commodity.So, perhaps you acquire a commodity discount of 5%, but you willnot actually see this discount on your monthly bill because this discountis being collected to pay, in part, for the new chiller. A key element isthat the contract for commodity must last at least as long as the debtrecovery for the capital project. Some utility companies want this to ex-tend even to providing all central plant services such as stationary en-gineering, and beyond this, to the janitorial services, etc


Principles of building cognitive systems that define modern state of informatics and artificial intelligence are formed and discussed. Methods of representation, processing, and forming cognitive functions, relations, and processes are described. Neurological means for their implementation are described. Issues of organization of cognitive agents and systems are discussed. Applications of the cognitive agents and systems in games and control systems of anthropomorphic robots are shown.


A time-dependent method for calculating the collective excitation frequencies and densities of a trapped, inhomogeneous Bose-Einstein condensate with circulation is presented. The results are compared with time-independent solutions of the Bogoliubov--de Gennes equations. The method is based on time-dependent linear-response theory combined with spectral analysis of moments of the excitation modes of interest. The technique is straightforward to apply, extremely efficient in our implementation with parallel fast Fourier transform methods, and produces highly accurate results. For high dimensionality or low symmetry the time-dependent approach is a more practical computational scheme and produces accurate and reliable data. The method is suitable for general trap geometries, condensate flows and condensates permeated with defects and vortex structures.


A new operative hazard and capability assessment methodology for free climbing sites is presented. The activity is based on specific surveys of geomorphological hazard, rock quality, and tourist capability and vulnerability, using a specific data collecting sheet. The in situ surveys provided data collection of tourist-sport quality indexes (site "appeal" capability), of geological-technical parameters of the studied rock wall and on the overhanging slope. Geomorphological survey aimed at the definition of hazardous processes. The practical operability of the method has successfully been experimented on the crag Vecchie Gare of the Pietra di Bimantova (Northern Apennines) which resulted "very good" from the tourist-sport point of view, "fair" from the stability one and with high "appeal" (frequentation). The rock wall is affected by rock falls, coming from the upper slope, but with such a long return time which guarantees a sufficient safety level. This is in good agreement with the local authorities' decision, which allows the climbing on this wall, excluding the sector directly above some buildings (shrine and alpine hut), but forbidding it on the overhanging slope.


Seven native plants (four shrubs, two perennial herbs, and a woody vine) common in sagebrush steppe habitats of eastern Washington were sampled for predatory and parasitic arthropods. Sagebrush steppe is a common natural habitat adjacent to apple and pear orchards in that part of the state. Many predatory arthropod species found on the native plants also occur in adjacent orchards; some of these species were particularly abundant on the plants when they were flowering. Other species found on the native plants rarely occur in adjacent orchards. Orius tristicolor (White, 1879) was the most abundant of the natural enemies that also occur in orchards. Other predatory Hemiptera also found in adjacent orchards included Deraeocoris brevis (Uhler, 1904), Nabis alternatus Parshley, 1922, and Geocoris spp. Coccinellidae, Chrysopidae, and Hemerobiidae were not common on the native plants, but one or more species in each family that commonly occur in orchards were collected. Spiders found on the native plants that also occur in orchards included Misumenops lepidus (Thorell, 1877), Xysticus cunctator Thorell, 1877, Sassacus papenhoei Peckham & Peckham, 1895, Phidippus spp., Oxyopes scalaris Hentz, 1845, and Meioneta fillmorana (Chamberlin, 1919). Parasitoids, almost all of which were Hymenoptera, were collected on all plants, but species of known importance in orchard biocontrol were not found.


(57) Abstract: The use of desloratadine is disclosed for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment and / or prophylaxis related congestive in allergic and inflammatory conditions of the airways passages (upper and lower airway passages) in humans is, the medicament comprises an effective amount of desloratadine in such treatment and / or prophylaxis. Exemplary allergic and inflammatory conditions of and lower airway passages on being treated and / or prevented with the present application, seasonal allergic rhinitis and perennial allergic rhinitis, non-allergic rhinitis, asthma (allergic asthma and a non-allergic asthma), sinusitis, as well as cold.


Summary

Sturgeon (Acipenser sturio L., 1758) was a common species in the Guadalquivir River until the thirties. In 1932 a dam was built in the spawning area, 100 km from the river's mouth, that interrupted the migration. In the same year, a caviar and sturgeon smoked flesh factory started to run. By that time most of the fishes came to the factory from the dam area, but since 1934 the use of a fishing line without bait, specific for sturgeon catch, enabled fishermen to work in deep holes of the lower estuary. Using data from the factory records, we found that gravid females only got to spawning areas downstream of the dam when the water flow was greater than 100 m3/sec. Increasingly frequent dry weather in spring (caused by droughts and water regulation for flow irrigation) occurred, which led to persistent reproductive failures. During dry springs, it was more likely to catch sturgeons in the lower estuary than in the medium and upper estuarine areas, because fishes remained settled in deep holes, waiting for better water flow to continue their upstream migration. Increasing catches in this area resulted in the elimination of the most potentially reproductive adult fishes before they had any chance to spawn, which has finally led to the virtual extinction of the population.


Cross-channel (e.g. Screen-to-Camera) robustness is an urgent requirement for modern watermarking systems. To realize such robustness, training a network that can precisely simulate the cross-channel distortion as the noise layer for deep watermarking training is an effective way. However, network training requires massive data, and generating the data is laborious. Meanwhile, directly using limited data to train may lead to an over-fitting issue. To address such limitation, we proposed DeNoL, a decoupling noise layer for cross-channel simulation which only needs few-shot samples. We believe the overfitting issue comes from the overlearning of the training image content rather than only simulating the distortion style. Consequently, we design a network that can decouple the image content and the distortion style into different components. Thus, by fixing the content representation component and fine-tuning a new style component accordingly, the network can efficiently learn and only learn the distortion style. Such learning can be done with only few-shot samples. Besides, in order to enhance adaptability, we also proposed a diversification operation to cooperate with DeNoL. Experimental results show that DeNoL can effectively simulate cross-channel distortion with only 20 image pairs and assist in training a general and robust watermarking network.


The UN (2008) reports that more than one third of the growing urban population in developing countries is living in slum conditions. Lizarralde and Root (2008) show that urban low-cost housing policies in developing countries are often inefficient and could even lead to further market distortions. Their case studies in South Africa prove that the informal construction sector, the only sector that is able to meet the needs of low-cost housing, is often prevented from being involved. To realise greater participation of the informal construction sector and thus better meet the needs in low-cost housing, public-private partnerships (PPPs) are often mentioned in literature as a more promising way than present methods (Ha (2001), Browning (2000)). However, there is a gap in literature in how to realise these partnerships. Literature describes several types of partnerships but it is unclear on what grounds a certain type should be chosen. This article will describe how to select the right type of partnership.


Many natural products, pharmaceuticals, and other biologically active molecules feature chiral carbon atoms attached to four other carbons. Chemists can synthesize these quaternary stereocenters using organometallic reagents that add carbon groups to conjugated carbonyl compounds. These reagents, however, are expensive and hard to generate, can cause problematic side reactions, and don't always work well at crowded carbon centers. Now researchers report the first radical route to quaternary carbon stereocenters, offering a possibly easier way to form the important chiral groups. Chemists previously have tried using radical-based conjugate addition reactions to form chiral quaternary centers because, compared with organometallic reagents, radicals are cheaper and easier to produce, readily add carbons to sterically congested carbon sites, and cause less-problematic side reactions. But these radical reactions have not worked. For example, amine-catalyzed radical conjugate additions have been hampered by the...


A 3D incremental sectional micromechanics model is developed for strain rate dependent inelastic polymer matrix composite materials. A repeating unit cell is identified within the material system, which is then divided into several subcells. Uniform stress and uniform strain assumptions are applied in each subcell. Appropriate stress and strain continuity assumptions are made between subcells. A two-level approach is developed for solving the system of equations of the micromechanics model in order to improve the computational efficiency. The developed micromechanics model is implemented into a commercial finite element analysis package. The results show that the current 3D micromechanics model can address the rate dependent inelastic behavior of polymer composite materials accurately and efficiently. Numerical results are also presented to demonstrate the applicability of the micromechanics theory in modeling high velocity impact of composite laminates. Good correlation is observed with experimental observation.


TiO2
 nanoparticles were synthesised by a self-organization method using a continuous water vapour hydrolysis system without mixing. Formation of TiO2 particles was based on pure colloidal interactions of hydrolyzed alkoxide molecules generated at the interface between titanium alkoxide solution and water vapour. The effect of ethanol was proved to increase aggregation and packing of primary particles, leading to a significant size enlargement of secondary particles in a post annealing process above 500 °C. A new model to describe sol–gel TiO2 growth has been proposed, which considers the formation of secondary particles to be the result of nucleation of oversaturated primary particles, while the primary particles are the result of irreversible oligomerization of Ti oxo molecules.


The main line transitions of hydroxyl (OH) have been detected in emission in the peculiar galaxy IC 4553. The 1667 and 1665 MHz transitions appear in a ratio of 4.2:1, and both have a radial velocity of 5375 km s/sup -1/ and a full width at half-maximum of 108 km s/sup -1/. This is the first detection of broad OH emission in an external galaxy. The features probably are due to stimulated emission from many H II/OH masers in the active nuclear region of the galaxy. It is suggested that IC 4553 is a starburst galaxy.


Abstract Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing is crucial for drug dosage and disease progression. Therefore, a simple and convenient genotyping assay is essential for personalised medicine. Herein, we developed a non‐invasive, closed‐tube, and visualised method for genotyping. In this method, oral swabs were lysed to directly perform PCR coupled with nested invasive reaction and visualisation based on gold nanoparticle probes in a closed tube. The strategy for genotyping assay depends on the single base recognition property of invasive reaction. This assay allowed quick and simple sample preparation and the detection of 25 copies/μL of CYP2C19*2 and 100 copies/μL of CYP2C19*3 within 90 min. Further, 20 oral swab samples for CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*3 were correctly typed, which agreed with pyrosequencing, indicating that this method has great potential for SNP typing in source‐limited regions to guide personalised medicine.


Objective To analyze clinical features and prognostic factors of digestive neuroendocrine tumors (NEN) .Meth-ods Clinical data of patient with digestive NEN were retrospectively analyzed ,and clinical features and prognostic factors of patients were summarized .Results The digestive NEN were commonly found in elderly population and the most commonly suf-fered part was the rectum and followed by the stomach ,cardia and esophagus .TNM staging was major factor directly affecting clinical outcomes .Conclusion The digestive neuroendocrine tumor shows specifically clinical manifestations ,clinical stage di-rectly determines the clinical outcome ,radical surgery and reasonable chemotherapy make for improving clinical outcomes .


'The curriculum', write Richard Hofstadter and C. de Witt Hardy, 'is a barometer by which we may measure the cultural pressures that operate upon the school.' These pressures are of many kinds, economic and intellectual, and they make schools and universities social, and even political institutions sensitive to external needs and demands. In the United States, where education has become one of the main secular goals of society, the history of schools and universities deserves to be an integral part of the social history of the country. Lawrence A. Cremin has shown how such an integration can be achieved. And now that 'B schools' in the vanguard of Le Défi American are spreading outwards from Manila to Manchester the time is ripe to study a phenomenon which most historians and sociologists, if they have not despised, have preferred to ignore.


The release of various inflammatory mediators into the bronchial lumen is thought to reflect both the type and degree of airway inflammation, eosinophilic Th2, and Th9, or neutrophilic Th1, and Th17, in patients with asthma.


Karen Davis and Cathy Schoen, Health and the War on Poverty: A TenYear Appraisal, Brookings Studies in Social Economics, Washington, D.C., 1978, Basil Blackwell, Oxford, 1978. viii+230 pp. £8.95, paper £3.50. This book is stimulating, well written and an excellent example of the well articulated research that we expect members of the Brookings Institution to produce. The objective of the authors is to assess the performance of Medicaid, Medicare, the child health program and neighborhood health centers during the period 1965-75. The analysis of these four health programs is contained in seven chapters, and these, together with a useful appendix on the methodological problems of measuring the contribution of medical care to health, make interesting reading. The first chapter is concerned with the definition and description of the poor in the United States, the problem of defining minimum health care standards, and the alternative policy instruments which could be used to increase the supply of health care to the poor. This material indicates that in 1975 12.2 per cent of the population of the United States (24.975 million people) were living in poverty defined as three times the amount of money required to purchase an economy food plan (a Bureau of Census measure equal, for instance, to $5,500 for a family of two adults and two children in 1975). Half these poor people are children below the age of twenty-two, and 14 per cent are aged sixty-five and over. Two-thirds are white not black, as many believe and 40 per cent live in non-metropolitan areas. The second chapter surveys the evidence about the health status of the poor, how the health care problems of the poor differ from those of more affluent Americans, and whether the poor receive adequate medical services. The literature survey is good to the end of 1976 and fairly concludes, with regard to the efficiency of care, that the benefits vary from case to case and that any analysis must look to micro-measures. The poor-rich health gap narrowed between 1965 and 1975 but it did not disappear: mortality rates declined dramatically, although the prevalence of chronic conditions changed little. This change in the health status of the American poor was correlated with a significant increase in the use of medical care services by people with low incomes. The next chapter looks at the successes and failures of Medicaid, the health care program for the poor. It contains a detailed description of this very complex health care program and examines the reasons for its escalating budget. The authors conclude that the three main reasons for cost escalation were increased coverage (due to an expansion in the number of recipients of Aid to Families with Dependent Children), inflation of medical care costs (although recipients were receiving the same real service in 1975 as they were in 1965), and the high cost of institutionalizing and caring for the aged and the disabled. The use of health care by the poor was found to be closely and inversely related to health status. However, despite the improvements, the authors advocate radical changes in the Medicaid program to remove its many defects (including the current exclusion of 9 million of the poor). Chapter Four examines the performance of the Medicare program for the aged. The characteristics of the scheme are described, and it is shown that, although Medicare has increased the use of medical care by aged persons as a whole, this increase has occurred unequally for different income groups and in different


With frequent innovations in both cutting and workholding, it is a challenge keeping up to date in this area. We bring you a selection of latest developments, as published on Machinery's website since the beginning of the year. Sign up to our regular ezine to keep updated, or make sure to visit www.machinery.co.uk frequently


A class of dual-wideband bandpass filters (BPFs) with internally-coupled microstrip lines has been proposed and exactly synthesised. The generic structure of the proposed filters is formed by folding a multi-mode resonator (MMR) along its symmetrical plane and coupling a pair of short-circuited stubs at the two ends of the MMR. Thus, two coupling paths, one from the folded MMR and another from the coupled stubs, are used to generate additional transmission zeros (TZs) between the two passbands. A general synthesis procedure is developed for the synthesis of these BPFs by matching the transfer function of the circuit to the prescribed filtering function. As a design example, a first-order BPF is first formed by using the coupled short-circuited stubs to illustrate the tunable distribution of the two reflection zeros. Secondly, a second-order dual-band BPF is designed with fully internally-coupled microstrip lines to provide an extra degree of freedom in the determination of the design parameters. Next, a third-order BPF is partially coupled to have an explicit expression of the generated TZs. Finally, a second-order, third-order and a cascaded case are synthesised and designed. The experimental results agree closely with the synthesised and designed ones.


Thermoluminescence analysis is used to detect radiation processing of foods which are contaminated with sand or dust. Silicate minerals are isolated, their radiation-induced luminescence is measured and compared to the thermoluminescence from a second measurement after exposure to a defined radiation dose (normalization). In the present study, the mineral mixture 'sand' and its main components feldspar and quartz were investigated for their thermoluminescence behaviour using different types of radiation, in order to determine adequate radiation sources for the purpose of normalization. The material was irradiated with types of ionizing radiation commonly used for commercial food irradiation, i.e. accelerated electrons with beam energies of 5 MeV as well as 10 MeV, and60Co- γ -rays. After thermoluminescence measurements, samples were re-irradiated using either accelerated electrons with beam energies of 2 MeV, 5 MeV or 10 MeV, or60Co- γ -rays,90Sr- β -rays or ultraviolet rays (200–280 nm). Evaluation of the first and corresponding second glow curve revealed that their shapes depend on the type of minerals in the mixture. The second radiation treatment (normalization) is satisfactory when accelerated electrons (2, 5 and 10 MeV) as well as60Co-γ -rays and90Sr- β -rays are employed. Normalization with ultraviolet rays, however, has only a limited range of use.


Objective To know the disinfection-related properties of chloroxylenol disinfection solution in order to provide the basis for disinfection application.Methods Suspension quantitative germicidal test and physicochemical examination method were used to carry out laboratory observation.Results The killing logrithm value of Stapphylococcus aureus in suspension exposed to the disinfection solution containing chloroxylenol 2515 mg/L for 1.5 min was 5.00 and that of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans exposed for 3 min was 5.00 and 4.00 respectively.The killing logarithm value of Escherichia coli exposed to the disinfection solution containing chloroxylenol 1258 mg/L for 3 min was 5.00.Wiping disinfection of surfaces with the disinfection solution containing chloroxylenol 2515 mg/L for 5 min killed artificiallly contaminating E.coli by a logarithm value 1.00.Immersion of 4 kinds of metal coupons in the disinfection solution for 72 h caused essentially no corrosion of stainless steel coupons,carbon steel coupons and copper coupons and slight corrosion of aluminum coupons.Conclusions Chloroxylenol has strong killing effect on vegetative forms of bacteria and fungi and has low corrosiveness.


In this paper we present the prediction interval estimation method using bootstrap method for least squares support vector machine(LS-SVM) regression, which allows us to perform even nonlinear regression by constructing a linear regression function in a high dimensional feature space. The bootstrap method is applied to generate the bootstrap sample for estimation of the covariance of the regression parameters consisting of the optimal bias and Lagrange multipliers. Experimental results are then presented which indicate the performance of this algorithm.


CuO:In thin films were prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (CVD) with Cu(acac)2 and In(acac)3 precursors. A unique method or facility in vaporizing solid-state precursors and the transportation to the CVD reactor was described. The structure of the films evolved from nano-crystalline characteristic to amorphous state as the In/Cu atomic ratio of the mixed precursors increased from 0 to 0.25. A dependence of the resistivity of the films on the indium concentration was found. A low room-temperature resistivity of 7.35 Ω·cm was achieved for the sample of an In/Cu atomic ratio of 0.08, with an activation energy of 0.14 eV. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study excluded the possibility that the increased conductivity of the samples came from a reduction of Cu2+ to Cu+. Positive holes (h•) induced by negatively charged defect complex were assumed to contribute to the increase of conductivity.


This paper presents an analytical method for the calculation of the iron losses in a spoke-type permanent magnet synchronous in-wheel motor. According to the magnetic field distribution, the iron cores are divided into tooth, yoke, bridge, and shoe. Based on the boundary conditions of the subdomain model, the bridge is equivalent to the fan-shaped region with constant permeability. Then, the no-load and on-load magnetic fields in the air gap, tooth, yoke, bridge, and shoe are analytically calculated. The impacts of slotting and bridge saturation are considered. On the basis of the analytical expression of the magnetic fields, the iron losses of the tooth, yoke, bridge, and shoe are obtained by the Bertotti model. The analytical results in the no-load and on-load conditions are compared with that of the finite-element analysis. The validity is verified by the finite-element analysis.