Background and aims To investigate effectiveness, damage accrual and predictors of response to belimumab in active SLE patients in clinical practice setting. Methods 188 active SLE patients with anti-dsDNA antibodies and low C3 and/or C4, from 11 Italian centres, were treated with belimumab as add-on-therapy. Gender, age, disease duration, polyarthritis, skin rashes, glomerulonephritis, haematological involvement, SLEDAI-2K≥10, prednisone ≥7,5 mg/day and concomitant immunosuppressants were used to determine baseline predictors of 12- and 24 month response according to SRI-4. Data were analysed by SPSS (version 22.0). Results Prominent clinical manifestations are summarised in Table 1. Clinical and serological variables at baseline, 12 and 24 months are reported in Table 2. SRI-4 was achieved by 71.3% and 68.7% of patients at 12 and 24 months, respectively. 92% of 12 month responders maintained SRI-4 response at 24 months; conversely, 87.5% of non-responders at 12 months were non-responders even at 24 months. Drug discontinuation for any cause was observed in 36.2% of patients; median treatment duration was 12 months. Damage accrual variation was significant between 5 years before drug initiation and baseline (p<0.001), but not between baseline and the end of follow-up (p=0.083). Baseline predictors of 12 month response were SLEDAI-2K≥10 (OR 25.8, 4.19–159.2) and polyarthritis (OR 8.33, 1.88–36.78); 24 month response predictors were SLEDAI-2K≥10 (OR 12.11, 1.63–89.80), polyarthritis (OR 32.56, 2.94–360.56), and prednisone dose ≥7.5 mg/day (OR 7.88, 1.02–61.48). Table 1 Refractory prominent clinical manifestation at baseline. Table 2 Disease features at baseline, 12 and 24 months (mean±SD). Conclusions Belimumab seems to be effective and to reduce damage accrual in SLE patients in clinical practice setting. Patients with arthritis and high disease activity were the best responders to belimumab.


The linearized Boussinesq equation incorporating the effect of evapotranspiration with appropriate initial and boundary conditions was solved analytically to predict a fall in the water table in a bi-level drainage system. It was assumed that the evapotranspiration rate decreases linearly with a reduction in the elevation of the water table above the drains. A special case of this solution (i.e. with no evapotranspiration) was veri®ed by comparison with an independent and accepted analytical method, and almost identical values of spatial and temporal distribution of water table heights were obtained. The effects of various parameters like evapotranspiration rate and depth-dependent reduction factor on spacing between bi-level and level drains were also studied. Results suggested that inclusion of evapotranspiration in the analytical solution for bi-level drainage design in arid and semi-arid regions is useful and makes a signi®cant difference in spacing. We conclude that in a bi-level drainage system spacing between two drains can be increased by 9.61±13.75% for soils having a hydraulic conductivity of 3 m/day, if the contribution of evapotranspiration at a rate of 8 mm/day in lowering the water table is taken into account. # 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.


The objective of the present study was the determination of the extractives, acidity and ash content of three different provenances of Cupressus semprevirens wood. The specimens were collected from the sapwood, heartwood, bark and needles of the trees. The quantitative determination of the extractions was performed with two different solvents, water and ethanol. The results showed no significant differences among the three provenances (P1, P2 and P3), except for the oldest, which also had the highest extract content, a fact that is attributed to the growth of the trees without competition. Furthermore, the needles and the bark, had, in all cases, the highest ash content, while heartwood appeared to have higher contents of extractives, compared to sapwood.


The present invention discloses a target detection method based on multi-scale Infrared motion of this model code, the method first infrared video image Gaussian pyramid layered, and background code are established for the respective layers of the present model image, the background of this model code, moving object detection in a video image, the final result of the layers are fused image detection, video detection to get the final result. Experimental results show that the present invention is obtained as an infrared moving object detection result of the detection result with respect to the conventional method, it has better detection rich target information, error rate characteristics of the subject. It can be applied not only in the current field of image fusion in order to improve the integration effect, it can also be applied separately in security monitoring, investigation and other civil and military night vision field.


An octagon periodic structure of photonic crystal fibers, where the air holes lie on octagonal period, is investigated in this work base on a full-wave simulation. Under the same air filling fraction with the hexagonal structure, the effective index, field confinement, and dispersion property of the octagonal structure has been studied.


Every summer I marvel at the strength, stamina and sheer determination of the riders in the Tour de France as they push themselves to the limit to climb the highest mountains at the fastest speeds.


Effects of Ta diffusion on the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) of Ta/Co0.6Fe0.2B0.2 (12.5 Å)/MgO stacks were investigated. We found that Ta initially mixed with Co0.6Fe 0.2B0.2 and its diffusion became prominent above 300 °C. Initial diffusion of Ta into the Co0.6 Fe0.2B0.2 was not detrimental to the PMA, but a significant PMA reduction occurred when Ta migrated to the Co 0.6Fe0.2 B0.2/MgO interface. This accounts for the fact that optimizing the PMA of Ta/CoFeB/MgO requires the tuning of both CoFeB thickness and annealing temperature.


The paper deals with the research of new structures of concrete hydraulic structures. An important stage in their design is the correct choice of groups of fish passage structures. It is worth noting that the selection of the structure group is carried out mainly on the basis of technical and economic comparisons, and not for structural reasons, taking into account the possibility of fish passing along the entire length of the tract.


In this introduction to the processes of descriptive inquiry, the author offers a brief history of the Prospect School and its programs, as well as a description of the processes and their philosophical underpinnings.


This article focuses on the roots of radicalism as can be seen in young Muslims in NTT Province. The majority of the population of this province are either Protestant or Catholic Christians. Nationally, NTT has a reputation for being a province which is coloured by religious tolerance. People of different religions live side by side peacefully. A probable reason for this is the fact that family and friendship relationships tend to cross religious boundaries. However, in recent times religious harmony has been impacted by radical  thinking among tertiary Muslim students. These seeds can be seen in their understanding of, and attitude to, radical Islamism. At the level of understanding, they do not differentiate between Islam as a religion and Islam as an ideology. At times they identify radical Islamism as the teaching of Islam. Attitude-wise, this article points out that a considerable number of respondents hold certain convictions which are in line with the ideology of radical Islamism. Keywords : Radical Islamism, fundamentalism, radical Islam, Islamic student, ideology of a Islam, terror, terrorism.


Aircraft seats that are certified to meet the requireemts of 14 CFR Parts 23.562, 25.562, 27.562 and 29.562 must protect the occupant from serious head injury as defined by the Head Injury Criterion (HIC). A series of sled and component tests were conducted to evaluate the HIC Component Test Device's predictability, repeatability, and degree of correlation with the sled test results. The device produced head impact velocity and HIC results that were very repeatable when impacting surfaces with consistent force/deflection properties. A relationship for impact velocity versus firing pressure was also developed. Several representative aircraft interior surfaces were tested at various head impact velocities and impact angles. These surfaces included padded rigid walls, unpadded composite walls and wall sections, and energy absorbing and nonenergy absorbing seat backs. When the results for the two test methods were compared, impacts with some surfaces showed correlation and some did not. Impacts with padded rigid walls correlated well, while impacts with stiff walls or wall sections did not. Impacts with seat backs yielded mixed results with correlation being dependent on the stiffness of the area of the seat back being impacted. A MADYMO computer model was developed to investigate factors that could improve correlation. Further investigation is necessary to determine if modifications to the device could improve the degree of correlation.


AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The objective of the study is to examine the predictive properties of the brief Dutch National Safety Management Program for the screening of frail hospitalized older patients (VMS) and to compare these with the more extensive Maastricht Frailty Screening Tool for Hospitalized Patients (MFST-HP).

BACKGROUND
Screening of older patients during admission may help to detect frailty and underlying geriatric conditions. The VMS screening assesses patients on 4 domains (i.e. functional decline, delirium risk, fall risk, nutrition). The 15-item MFST-HP assesses patients on 3 domains of frailty (physical, social and psychological).

DESIGN
Retrospective cohort study.

METHODS
Data of 2,573 hospitalized patients (70+) admitted in 2013 were included and relative risks, sensitivity and specificity and area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) of the two tools were calculated for discharge destination, readmissions and mortality. The data were derived from the patients nursing files. A STARD checklist was completed.

RESULTS
Different proportions of frail patients were identified by means of both tools: 1,369 (53.2%) based on the VMS and 414 (16.1%) based on the MFST-HP. The specificity was low for the VMS and the sensitivity was low for the MFST-HP. The overall AUC for the VMS varied from 0.50 to 0.76 and from 0.49 to 0.69 for the MFST-HP.

CONCLUSION
The predictive properties of the VMS and the more extended MFST-HP on the screening of frailty among older hospitalized patients are poor to moderate and not very promising.

RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE
The VMS labels a high proportion of older patients as potentially frail while the MFST-HP labels over 80% as non-frail. An extended tool did not increase the predictive ability of the VMS. However, information derived from the individual items of the screening tools may help nurses in daily practice to intervene on potential geriatric risks such as delirium risk or fall risk.


Haemodialysis (HD) is the primary treatment for end-stage renal disease. HD therapy requires access to the vascular system. This can be achieved through surgically constructing an arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Post-surgery up to 30% of patients experience dysfunction of the AVF, which may lead to a chronically damaged AVF and render the patient without HD treatment [1]. At present no satisfactory post-surgery monitoring of the AVF exist and, therefore, malfunction of the AVF is recognized too late at a time where no rescue is possible. The functionality of the AVF is normally assessed by auscultation of the murmurs produced by the blood flow. Narrowing of the AVF caused by thrombosis or stenosis causes changes in the blood flow, thus causing changes in the murmurs [2]. The changes in murmurs have not been widely studied but may be of importance to gain knowledge on AVF malfunction. This could be used in developing a method for monitoring the AVF post-surgery.

 Acoustic recordings was obtained from 21 patient post AVF-surgery at Aalborg University Hospital. Recordings were made with a Silicon Designs 1521 accelerometer encapsulated in a 3D printed box, attached to the skin using double adhesive tape 2–5 cm proximal to the AVF. A total of 11 patients were recorded twice resulting in a total of 32 recordings. Data were sampled at 5000Hz. All data processing and analysis were performed using MATLAB 2021b (MathWorks Inc.). Every recording was manually analysed and labelled with or without audible murmurs. Before processing every recording was split into segments of 3 sec length resulting in a total of 697 segments. Data was processed with a signal processing method [wavelet packet decomposition (Daubechies 4)] to analyse if the frequencies of the sounds differed between recordings with and without murmurs. Energy of the wavelet scales (Scale Energy) was calculated for each frequency band. The scale energy was then log-transformed using natural logarithm to make data normally distributed, and converted to decibel (dB).

 A total of 654 segments contained murmurs and 43 segments did not contain murmurs. In all frequency bands, murmurs resulted in a significant change in energy level (P < 0.05).

 This study shows AVF murmurs results in a significant change in acoustic energy across all frequency bands. This demonstrates that accelerometers can be used to quantify murmurs from AVFs post-surgery.


This study investigated the effect of cooking methods on the degradation of glucoraphanin (GR) in broccoli and the bioaccessibility of this compound through simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Broccoli was cooked using three different techniques: boiling, steaming and microwave cooking. Then, GR was extracted and quantified by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In addition, the cooked samples were added to a system that simulates the digestion characteristics of the mouth, stomach and duodenum. Samples were drawn before and after the digestion, and GR bioaccessibility was calculated. GR losses were higher when broccoli was boiled (47.03%), followed by steaming (31.96%) and microwaving (11.87%). However, steamed broccoli presented the highest bioaccessibility (94.59%), followed by boiled (89.69%) and microwaved (60.88%). Taking into consideration the levels of remaining GR after cooking and its bioaccessibility after simulated digestion, steaming can be considered the best method and may result in the highest levels of this bioactive glucosinolate after broccoli intake.


Based on the research on Vehicle Routing Problems(VRP),vehicle scheduling and operating work can,on the condition of meeting the timeliness requirement of emergency logistics,be more rational,and therefore substantially reduce the logistical cost.Via the analysis into the characteristics of VRP in emergency logistics and the integration with actual practice,the paper establishes a general mathematical model for VRP in emergency logistics,based on which,the artificial immune algorithm is analyzed.The simulation results show that the algorithm is feasible and effective.


Aim: To establish the regional delay of contrast arrival in magnetic resonance perfusion imaging (MRPI) for the detection of collateral-dependent myocardium in patients with coronary artery disease. Design and setting: Observational study, case series; single centre, university hospital. Patients: 30 patients with coronary artery disease and collateral-dependent myocardium and 17 healthy volunteers. Methods: Resting and hyperaemic (adenosine) MRPI was used to determine the delay time (Δtd) of contrast arrival between the left ventricle and collateral-dependent or antegradely perfused myocardium, and myocardial perfusion (MP, ml/min/g). Results: In healthy volunteers, mean (SD) Δtd at rest and during hyperaemia were 0.8 (0.4) and 0.3 (0.3) s, and MP was 1.14 (0.21) and 4.23 (1.12) ml/min/g. In patients Δtd in antegradely perfused vs collateral-dependent myocardium was 0.9 (0.7) vs 1.7 (1.0) s at rest (p<0.001), and 0.4 (0.3) vs 1.1 (0.6) s (p<0.001) during hyperaemia. MP was 1.12 (0.11) and 0.98 (0.28) ml/min/g (p = NS) at rest and 2.46 (0.85) vs 1.86 (0.91) ml/min/g (p<0.01) during hyperaemia. Receiver operating characteristics analysis showed the best sensitivity and specificity of 90% and 83% for hyperaemic Δtd of >0.6 s (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.89) to detect collateral-dependent myocardium, while resting Δtd (AUC = 0.77) and perfusion (AUC = 0.69 at rest or 0.70 during hyperaemia) were less accurate. Conclusions: MRPI-derived hyperaemic delay of contrast arrival detects collateral-dependent myocardium with high sensitivity and specificity. Perfusion was less sensitive, emphasising the clinical role of Δtd in non-invasive detection of collateral-dependent myocardium.


In a vapor cell, the relative intensities of a sensitized fluorescence I3/21 and a direct fluorescence I3/22, as a function of T (100 to 200℃), had been measured by the methods of selective stepwise excitations with a Rb lamp and a tunable CW dye laser. From these measurements, the fine-structure transition cross-section in the 7 2D states of Rb induced in collidsion with ground-state Rb atoms were determined to be σfs (7 2D5/2→72D3/2) = 4.7 × 10-13 cm2 and σfs1 (7 2D3/2→7 2D5/2) = 7.0 × 10-13cm2 and the cross-section for transfer of excited Rb 7 2D-state atoms out of the doublet were
also determined as σtr(5/2) (7 2D5/2→states other than Rb 7 2D) = 0.62 × 10-13 cm2. The calculcted result for the geometrical cross-section of excited Rb 7 2D state shows that the magnitunes of σfs and σfs1 can be described relatively well by σgeom.


Referring particularly to point-to-point links, the paper is concerned with the long-outstanding problems of measuring and specifying the transmission performance of those parts of a television system which can be treated as linear networks. Such problems are more easily studied in terms of waveform responses than of steady-state characteristics, because the permissible distortions of television signals can be expressed more directly in terms of time than of frequency. Studies have been somewhat hampered by the dearth of published information on waveform responses taken under practical everyday conditions. The paper offers assistance by giving typical examples from a series of tests, made by the Post Office with the co-operation of the British Broadcasting Corporation, on some of the links and items of equipment used in the 405-line system. The responses were taken with the aid of a set of sine-squared pulse and other test signals shown by experience to be particularly convenient for the purpose. Two complementary methods of specification are proposed, one for rapid routine-testing purposes, and the other to meet the more precise requirements of acceptance-testing work. Both methods are framed in terms of a "rating factor," the value of which can be varied to provide any desired degree of stringency. The acceptance-test method takes advantage of the simplification afforded by the time-series method of expressing waveform responses.


Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain PS3 is a phototrophic bacterium, which was originally isolated from a paddy field. It is a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR), able to enhance growth and yield of several crops. A comprehensive investigation to evaluate the potential of PS3 as a biostimulant for crop production was conducted in this dissertation. In the first part, we elucidated the underlying mechanisms of plant-growth promotion of PS3 through comparison of the plant and bacterial responses following the inoculation with the effective (PS3) and the ineffective (YSC3) strains in non-head cabbage (Brassica rapa var. chinensis). Although both strains could promote root development, only PS3 strain could increase the activity of nitrate transporter in roots, thereby increasing the nitrogen use efficiency of plants. This study further demonstrated that the endogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) level as well as the cell division rate in the young expanding leaves were significantly increased in the PS3-inoculated plant. Furthermore, in the gene expression analysis of root-colonized R. palustris strains, the IAA biosynthesis-related gene MAO was negatively regulated in both strains and showed similar expression levels. Therefore, it suggests that the relatively high amount of IAA accumulated in the leaves was not come directly from the exogenous IAA secreted by PS3, and was caused by the interaction between PS3 and the host plant. Taken together, it is proposed that the beneficial effect of PS3 for promoting plant growth was via enhancing the nitrogen transport efficiency of the roots and elevating endogenous auxin levels in the developing leaf, thereby increasing the cell division rate in the leaves.
In the second part, the effects of PS3 and another beneficial bacterium Oryzomicrobium terrae TPP412 on the growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa) were evaluated. Japonica rice variety "Taikeng 9 (TK 9)" was grown in the pot experiment. The grain yield was promoted while TPP412 was inoculated in the sterilized soil containing half-rate of chemical fertilizer. In contrast, PS3 only showed such beneficial effect in the unsterilized soil, suggesting the existence of indigenous soil microbes was critical to its PGP traits. In the paddy field trial, Japonica rice variety "Tainan 11 (TN11)" was grown. The experimental results verified that PS3 exerted a more significant yield improvement effect under half-rate of chemical fertilizer input. According to the analysis of rice yield components, it is proposed that PS3 could promote the rice production in field by improving the activity of spikelet development.
This study proved that the beneficial effects of PS3 in plant growth for both monocot and dicot plants under different crop production systems. Since PS3 shows the effects on activating cell proliferation in plant, indicating this strain is an elite biostimulant for improving crop production. The findings denoted in this study provide further insight in use of PGPR in plant growth enhancement regarding the physiological and developmental response of the plant partner. This will aid the selection and practical application of beneficial microorganisms in environmentally sustainable agriculture.


Because of its complex composition, low content of valuable metals and high development cost, the gossan ore has not been paid much attention by scholars at home and abroad. In this paper, the properties of gossan ore from zinc sulfide deposit were studied by the methods of mineralogical analysis, BET analysis and SEM/EDS analysis. The results show that the studied ore is typical zinc-bearing gossan type ore. The main elements in the gossan ore are zinc and iron, as well as a certain amount of silicon. The iron mineral of ore is limonite, most of which are monomers, a few connected with clay, dolomite and so on, and are closely adhered with some siderite, which generally contains zinc. Zinc minerals are mainly smithsonite and hemimorphite, a small amount of sphalerite, zinc mica, most of the siderite and limonite symbiosis. The nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm of the gossan ore is a typical type III isotherm, and the isotherm is concave and has no inflexion, which shows that the interaction of adsorbents is stronger than that of adsorbents and materials. The specific surface area of gossan ore is small, mainly composed of micro-pores, the smaller specific surface area and pore volume limit its adsorption capacity, which intimates that the untreated gossan ore is not a good adsorbent. The gossan ore particles are composed of many irregular crystal particles with uniform size and many large pore channels appear in the gossan ore particles. The particles are smaller and more dispersed, and that the interconnections between larger particles are mainly caused by the direct interaction of some smaller particles. This research will lay a theoretical basis for the follow-up development and utilization of the gossan ore.


In cooperation with Japan Construction Information Center (JACIC), The Ministry of Construction is developmenting New Estimating System of Public Works based on client server system in order to carry out civil estimating works more smoothly and effectively, the New Estimating System which go well with 'standardization of work item'(unification of the estimates composition etc.), The part of work items were carried out 'trial' in 1994.The development purpose and contens etc. of this System were already reported So, on the report provides about; the trial effects, the structure and management method of each data (e.g.systematic data, standard data etc.) on New Estimating System of Public Works, and the supporting systems (e. g. Help System, Check System, Estimating Result Data Base System etc.) in the main estimating body.


Photon-counting experiments have been conducted to test the conjecture that at sufficiently high laser irradiance, atomic inner-shell excitations can be induced by laser-driven outer-shell oscillations. Using KrF light at an irradiance /approx/3/times/10/sup 17/ W/cm/sup 2/ on low-density noble-gas targets, we detect no prompt photons which are characteristic of inner-shell processes.


The invention discloses a manganese gangue slag-based geopolymer cementing material and a preparation method thereof. The geopolymer cementing material is prepared from main raw materials including kaolin and manganese gangue slag. The technology is simple, manganese gangue slag powder replaces partial metakaolin, the cost of the geopolymer cementing material is reduced, the comprehensive utilization degree of the manganese gangue slag is increased, and mechanical properties and physical properties (including the bulk density and the water absorption) of the manganese gangue slag-based geopolymer cementing material are equivalent to those of metakaolin-based geopolymer cementing materials.


Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations,imaging features,diagnosis and management of pulmonary cryptococcosis.MethodsFifteen patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis identified by pathological examination in our hospital from January 2002 to June 2008 were studied retrospectively.Clinical manifestations,imaging features,diagnostic methods and management were analyzed.ResultsSeven of the fifteen(46.7%)cases were between 20 and 45 years old;12(80.0%)were male;8 of 15 cases(53.3%)have underlying diseases.The main clinical manifestations were:cough(10/15,67%),fever(6/15,40.0%),expectoration(5/15,33.3%).Three cases(20.0%)were asymptomatic.The lesion was in right lung in 12 cases,and left lung in 7 cases.The X-ray and chest CT showed solitary or multifocal masses or nodules(12/15,80.0%).The diagnosis was confirmed in all cases by pathological findings,7(46.7%)by CT guided transthoracic needle aspiration lung biopsy,6(40.0%)by operation,2(13.3%)by lymphoid node biopsy.Thirteen cases(86.7%)were misdiagnosed,including 4(26.7%)were misdiagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis,5(33.3%)as peripheral lung cancer,4(26.7%)as pneumonia.Six patients received surgical resection.One patient suffered from cryptococcal meningitis after operation.Nine patients received anti-fungal agents.Seven patients were cured or markedly improved.ConclusionsMost patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis are male and between 30 and 60 years old.The clinical manifestation of pulmonary cryptococcosis is neither typical nor specific.Pulmonary nodules were the most common imaging finding.Pulmonary cryptococcosis is usually misdiagnosed.Final diagnosis was mainly depended on pathological examination.CT guided transthoracic needle aspiration lung biopsy is valuable.It is advised to receive long-term anti-fungal treatment after operation in some cases.


Upon platinum-catalyzed hydrogenation, allenynes underwent reductive cyclization to provide hetero- and carbocycles with completely controlled regio- and stereoselectivity. By employing hydrogen as a reductant, the use of stoi


The signal transduction pathways that are activated by cytokines and growth factors binding to their receptors on human neutrophils (PMN) are poorly understood. When PMN in suspension encounter many of these agonists they are not activated, but rather are primed for subsequent activation. We and others reported that when PMN are plated onto fibrinogen and stimulated with cytokines or with the chemotactic peptide N‐formyl‐methionyl‐leucyl‐phenylalanine (fMLP) they respond by releasing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the specific granule component lactoferrin. Transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) is released by many cells including PMN. It has been reported that TGF‐β1 stimulates chemotaxis but not exocytosis or superoxide production by cells in suspension. We hypothesized that TGF‐β1 would activate PMN to release H2O2 when they were adherent to fibrinogen, a response mediated by β2 integrin receptors. In this study, we determined whether TGF‐β1 stimulated H2O2 and lactoferrin release by PMN adherent to fibrinogen. TGF‐β1 stimulated H2O2 and lactoferrin release from adherent PMN in a concentration‐dependent manner, with effects seen in the range of 0.1 to 100 pg/mL. Both H2O2 and lactoferrin release were detected by 60 min and continued for at least 180 min. Adhesion and spreading of PMN paralleled H2O2 and lactoferrin release. Ethanol (200 mM) blocked both H2O2 and lactoferrin release, suggesting the involvement of the phospholipase D pathway. In PMN labeled with lyso[3H]phoephatidylcholine, we observed that TGF‐β1 treatment caused an increase in [3H]phoephatidate. Propranolol (150 μM), an inhibitor of phosphatidate phosphohydrolase, blocked both H2O2 and lactoferrin release, suggesting that the conversion of phosphatidic acid to diradylglycerol is an important step in PMN activation by TGF‐β1. Overall, these results are similar to those reported for fMLP activation of adherent PMN and suggest that a common pathway is involved in both chemoattractant and cytokine activation. J. Leukoc. Biol. 60: 772–777; 1996.


It was hypothesized that subjects misrepresent the THOG problem by confusing data and hypotheses. An abstract version of the problem in which the given exemplars and the hypothetical ones were designated by two different labels was used in three experiments. Experiment 1 showed that this version elicits a better performance than the standard version of the problem. Experiments 2 and 3 confirmed these results, by ruling out a possible alternative account of the facilitatory effect obtained in Experiment 1. The present results are discussed in relationship to the general issues of content effects and non-consequentialism in reasoning.


This article discusses the emergence of a community of practice of student-teachers in music in a Brazilian university outreach program called Musicalização Infantil. It starts with a short introduction to the concept of community of practice. Next, a brief history of the program is presented to contextualize the study, followed by a description of three episodes that took place while the author was program coordinator and student-teacher mentor. These episodes provide a background against which to discuss how the concept of community of practice may be related to music teacher education. Implications for music education, locally and globally, are articulated at the end of the article.


Each of two PMR signals for a mixture of acetonitrile and water has been found to split into two peaks in a limited composition range at low temperatures. The splittings are attributable to the two-phase separation of the mixture. The critical composition and the critical solution temperature have been estimated by use of this phenomenon.


The language in general use in society and culture exhibit those features that tend to project a devalued image of women. Literary language too represents the devalued image of women and the structure of power relations between the sexes that it portrays. There are some general features that differentiate the language of men from that of women writers. One of them is about the language of representation, used especially in literary discourse, in the description of the sexes, male and female persons or characters in poetry, fiction and drama. It has been observed that in the description of women by male writers, there is a kind of fragmentation, a kind of analysis of the female and anatomical features. On the other hand, we do not find this kind of anatomization or fragmentation in the description of males. Generally the physical description is confined to the head, the face or their overall appearance and then the description moves on to the mental or intellectual qualities. The paper aims at studying men's perception of women through the analysis of the language of representation. The way women describe men and the men describe women clearly underlines the difference in their perception of each other. Ernest Hemingway's short story 'Cat in the Rain' is chosen for the present analysis.


Objective To evaluate the clinical value of laparoscopic renalcyst unroofing as compared with open surgery.Methods The clinical data of 30 cases(group A) receiving glaparoscopic renalcyst unroofing from February 2002 to March 2005 and 15 cases(group B) receiving open renalcyst unroofing from February 2002 to February 2004 were retrospectively analyzed.The rating of depression and anxiety before operation,operating time,amount of bleeding during operation,recovery of intestinal function after operation,ambulation and normal activities after operation,the time of using intravenous after operation,the times of using analgesic after operation,the operation cost,total cost of hospitalization,the hospital stay and complications were compared between group A and group B.Results In group A,the amount of bleeding during renalcyst unroofing operation,the recovery of intestinal function after operation,ambulation after operation,the hospital stay,the resume of normal activities after operation and the occurrence of complications the time of using intravenous after operation,the times of using analgesic after operation were all better than those in group B(P0.05),while in group B,the rating of depression and anxiety before operation,the operattime,operating cost and the total cost of hospitalization were less than group A(P0.05).Conclusion As compared with open renal cyst unroofing,laparoscopic renalcyst unroofing has the advantages of rapid recovery and less pain.Laparoscopic renal cyst unroofing needs a higher skill,but is superior to open renalcyst unroofing.


Research of genesis of hydrocarbon accumulations located within pre-Cenozoic basement of the South China Sea shelf (Vietnam) presented. Formation of hydrocarbon deposits is confined to the protrusive massifs of granites that have undergone structural and tectonic processing at the stage of prototectonics and postmagmatic tectonics. The totality of post-structure-forming processes led to a change in the viscosity properties of rocks, to their tectonic and material heterogeneity and stratification and, as a consequence, to vertical and lateral redistribution in space with the formation of granite protrusions. The mechanisms of formation of voids and oil and gas traps within the protrusions are considered. Based on the similarity of the geochemical characteristics and biomarker parameters of the oils and organic matter in the Oligocene-Miocene sediments and in the basement rocks, a conclusion has been made about the organic nature of the oils in the basement of the shelf of the South China Sea (Vietnam). Possible mechanisms of migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons in basement rocks are considered. It is confirmed that the formation of hydrocarbon deposits occurred due to lateral and downward migration of hydrocarbons through the contact area from the Oligocene-Miocene source rocks into crystalline massifs — into voids and increased fracture zone in the protrusions.


Currently, the economic situation of several states on the globe has taken on alarming shapes. The increase in economic vulnerability, against the background of the sharp increase in the cost of energy resources, the global pandemic, the economic crisis generated by the war in Ukraine, the increase in geopolitical tensions in several regions of the world, have led economic entities of different sizes to review their strategy economic development, including structural transformations and traditional markets through foreign trade. The transformations in Romania and the Republic of Moldova, affected by the regional crisis, marked by socio-economic instability, already for more than half a year, are significant. Among the common problems faced by the human settlements in both countries are: the permanent economic adaptation to the changes in the conjuncture, the adjustment of the way of capitalizing the spatial resources by these two administrative-territorial entities, the implementation of economic, administrative and spatial decentralization, etc. The comparative study carried out through this research is part of a larger research of two Romanian cities located in Romania and the Republic of Moldova, being the subject of the doctoral study.


For the requirement of operational readiness in good rate,a new maintenance delay time parameter is proposed,and the models on mean time to repair(MTTR),mean delay time on multi-unit synchronic maintenance and multi-unit maintenance waiting time are built.With the models,the discrepancy of the inadequate maintenance design on multiple units between the operational readiness and the redundancy structure can be resolved and the optimized maintenance design can be enhanced.


The majority of recent face recognition systems are based on Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs). These networks are trained on massive amounts of face images so as to learn a compact representation (deep descriptor) aimed at capturing the identity information. Recognition is then performed by computing some similarity (or distance) measure between descriptors. However, in practice, descriptors encode also other intra-class variabilities such as pose and expressions. This well-known problem is usually addressed by designing specific loss-functions or metric learning modules such that the learned descriptors maximize the inter-class (identity) distances and minimize the intra-class differences in the feature space. We tackle this problem from a different perspective by observing that descriptors associated with images of the same subject, on average, share similar patterns in the highest activation units. We demonstrate this assumption by showing that improved accuracy can be obtained in a template-based recognition scenario by retaining the descriptor bins with the average highest activation, and dropping all the others to zero. These activation patterns are also employed to build identity-representative binary masks that are effectively used in place of the descriptors to match templates. We investigate this strategy by performing experiments on the IJB-A dataset, and show that it can significantly boost the recognition accuracy.


With the rapid changes of external environment, such as the gradual establishment of socialist market economy, knowledge-based economy on the horizon, the rapid advancement of the reform of higher education, the vigorous development of private universities and so on, combined with the changes of educators and students, the range of supervisors' responsibilities have been extended and services will continue to expand. At the same time, there have been many complex miscellaneous and confused phenomena in the work. It is urgent that college supervisors should handle well the relationships of the importance and urgency, the efficiency and effectiveness and the will and ability in our work. Only in this way can we achieve a multiplier effect.


This paper presents a first proposed real-sized Hidden boundary Void precast concrete Slab, a so-called HVS. In order to assess and investigate push-over behaviors of the novel structural system, five types of real size specimens manufactured in factory are tested by corresponding static loading protocol experiments. Bending tests along with shear tests in both cases of presence and absence of topping concrete slabs are performed. Besides, composite slabs, which are two half-unit products connected by steel plates and U-bolts in the long edges, are surveyed to assess uniform characteristics of slab systems. Simultaneously, estimating calculations are proposed for the structural bearing capacity of partially prestressed concrete flagged sections. Proposed equations are developed according to provisions of several current global and local design standards. Moreover, this study provides another predicting approach using finite element analysis of MIDAS FEA for analytical performances of specimens. Thanks to these experimental and analytical results, the general characteristic of HVS may be observed, and then studied for realization in the field of prestressed precast concrete industries for construction.


Transnational movements have become an important component of an emerging and relatively recently theorized transna- tional civil society in the field of international relations. Nongovern- mental organizations, social movements, and social activists con- cerned with the global issues of poverty, environment, and human rights have created an intellectual and political global space outside the national territorial space to give voice to their concerns on issues oftransnational importance. This article examines transnational hu- man rights movement around the issue of child labor in the carpet in- dustry in India. Although the intersection of child labor with the car- pet trade from India was utilized effectively by Indian and German activists to bring about changes in child labor use, the more founda- tional impact has been the creation of Rugmark, a label that certifies child-labor-free carpets and provides services for the rehabilitation and education of children involved in the carpet industry.


The research for this article occurred as a result of working with, and chairing several international teams undertaking reviews/validations of teacher education courses in a variety of Eastern European Countries. The work over two and a half years centred on improving teacher education quality. The results showed that empathy, good listening skills and dialogue allied to firmly set goals could help individuals and organisations to face up to the challenge of change and themselves bring about changes in thinking and behaviour which resulted in a move from a tutor/instructor dominated model of teacher education to a student centred one.


It was proposed to improve the existing method of determining the quality of interaction of the elements of subsystems of the Machine Operator-Machining Center-Control Program for manufacturing parts (MO-MC-CP) system. This method combines estimates of social (machine operator), technical (machining center), and informational (control program for manufacturing parts) subsystems. Improvements were achieved through the use of four independent indices which are defined separately. One index takes into account single, double and triple interactions of integrated indicators where values of specific weight of weight coefficients depend on the sample size. The other three indices are a synergistic effect where the weight coefficients do not depend on the sample size. Therefore, the model of this index was modified at the expense of additional subsystems.
Existing approaches to determining the indices are not focused on the assessment of the quality of interaction of the MO-MC-CP system, have software limitations, and work with limited sample sizes. With this in mind, it was decided to improve the existing tools of determining the quality indices of interaction to assess levels of interaction of the subsystem elements.
The proposed software-implemented methods and the technology of index assessment improve the efficiency of the assessment of complex systems. Experimental verification has shown the superiority of interaction quality indices over those in the existing methods. A sign of efficiency is as follows: a smaller value of mean-square deviation of the proposed indices in comparison with the existing ones: S(ІQI1)=0.812; S(ІQI2)=0.271; S(ІQI3)=0.675; S(ІQI4)=0.57 and S(І)=0.947; S(І)=0.833; S(І)=0.594, respectively.
The results obtained in the study of the interaction quality index are useful and important because they make it possible to better assess the interaction of subsystem elements and apply the proposed technology at industrial enterprises.


Let Fj be the analytic signal received at sensor j of a hydrophone array of unknown shape and let gjk =< FjF*k≳ be an element of the covariance matrix. Above, the * means complex conjugate and < ≳ indicates a time average. If there are N plane wave signals incident upon the array and gjk is the expected covariance element after ''sufficient'' time averaging then gjk is equal to ∑nAn2 exp{i(2π/λ)[(xj−xk)cos φn+(yj−yk)sin φn]}. In the above equation, An and φn are the amplitude and bearing of signal n, xj, and yj are the horizontal coordinates of sensor j, and λ is the wavelength. An LS (least‐squares) iteration takes place to reduce the error function E=∑j∑k‖gjk−gjk‖2 to a minimum. Values of {An}, {φn}, and several harmonic coefficients that define the sensor coordinates relative to straight lines are adjusted to minimize the error function. Several examples will be presented to illustrate the method.


This study aims to produce valid and practical handouts for use in the learning process. This research was conducted in March-May 2020. The development model used is the ADDIE model, which consists of Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate stages. Handout material is based on the results of research that has been carried out. The subject of the handout trial included a validator of Microbiology material experts, an expert validator of learning media, and a legibility test by 30 students of the Undergraduate Biology Education Study Program, FMIPA, State University of Malang who had taken the Microbiology course to assess the practicality of the handouts. Data collection techniques through distributing questionnaires and interviews. The data collection instruments were in the form of a validation sheet and a legibility test sheet containing handout assessment indicators. The results showed that, the Microbiology handout had a validation score of 98.25% from experts in Microbiology, and a validation score of 99.5% from instructional media experts with very valid criteria. While the readability test results by students obtained a score of 87.18% with very practical criteria. Based on the results of this assessment, it can be concluded that the handout "Antagonistic Power between Antagonistic Fungi and Pathogenic Fungi in Tomato Plants (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.)" Is declared valid and practical to be used as microbiology teaching materials.


In the course of corrosion tests, the protective properties of sodium nitrite and phenol derivatives in the electrolyte simulating a pore liquid of concrete contaminated with chlorides were compared. The experiments were carried out not only in hermetically sealed cells but also and in conditions of free access of air. It was found that in hermetically sealed cells phenol and resorcinol inhibit corrosion of steel, but significantly inferior to the protective ability of sodium nitrite. Hydroquinone protects steel more effectively than nitrite under conditions of limited oxygen access to metal. However, there is a significant deformation of plastic cells, which may be due to the absorption of oxygen, and the corresponding inhibition of the cathode process. With natural aeration of the model electrolyte hydroquinone in concentrations (1….2 g/l) inhibits the corrosion process in 2…8 times. In this case, the samples were covered with a gray film with a blue tint, but unlike nitrite, full protection of steel was not observed. Large concentrations of hydroquinone under these conditions significantly activate the corrosion of steel.


The art of the Japanese folding screen illustrated from 23 superb examples in the collections of the Ashmolean and the V&A.


Frequent resampling during the process of the FastSLAM algorithm leads to quick sample impoverishment that will subsequently cause the loss of landmark estimate diversity and affect the final estimate result.A novel improved FastSLAM algorithm based on importance weight smoothing was proposed to overcome the problem.Not only the current motion and observation information but also all the past importance weights in a sliding window influenced the current importance weights that were calculated by smoothing.So by reducing the over fluctuation of the importance weights induced by noise and normalization,the proposed method decreased the resampling times and improved the estimate effect.Monte Carlo simulations in two different environments indicate that with an appropriate sliding window the proposed method can effectively reduce the resampling frequency and achieve better estimation precision.


This paper addresses the need for new measures and models of infrastructure performance that can facilitate the strengthening of community resilience to disasters. While many infrastructure measures and models focus on performance in terms of disaster-induced damage, from the perspective of populations and cities that would be affected, there is a need for analysis of service loss and of approaches to rapidly restore service in an emergency. Focusing on transportation, this paper notes limitations of current performance measures, proposes a systems analytic framework that addresses community resilience, and demonstrates how the framework can be applied to analyze and model transportation disruption in earthquakes and other disasters. The approach is demonstrated for a case study of south coastal British Columbia, Canada, with particular attention to the role of maritime transportation in the distribution of one essential commodity, gasoline fuel. Coastal communities in this region are extremely reliant on maritime transportation for delivery of essential goods such as fuel, and because of the shift towards just-in-time production systems, have very little storage or warehousing capacity. Expert interviews, stakeholder workshops, satellite-based tracking of ships, and network analyses are used to characterize the transportation system and assess risk and resilience. Two approaches to system analysis are implemented: one emphasizing network topology, and the other focusing on network functionality. This enables a comparison of the strengths and limitations of these two major methodological approaches. In the case study demonstration, the topological approach is able to capture, with relatively low data requirements, the relative vulnerability of communities situated in different parts of the network. Resilience-enhancing strategies that are related to network topology, such as adding network links as a response in emergencies, can be readily assessed. The topological approach is limited, however, in its ability to address detailed damage and operational issues related to emergency response actions that are key to resilience analysis. In the second approach, a functional model is developed that emphasizes flows in the network. This enables a more realistic representation of system operations, thereby facilitating more specific understanding of how transportation damage can lead to disruption of fuel flows and impacts to communities. The functional model can be readily integrated with hazard and facility damage models. The approach is particularly advantageous in being able to capture time-dependent variables such as reserve volumes and supply deliveries, which are crucial types of information for assessing how different decision options (e.g., seismic retrofit of port facilities, increasing storage capacity, adding shipping routes) could enhance community resilience. Data requirements are very high, however, and pose an important limitation to this approach.


At first,the article divides the process of literature communication between China and foreign countries into three stages,and details different principles in different stages What'more,The author hopes to prove that different literatures of nations in the world should come into a multiplex period in new century,and beside China,they should be the members of a famliy-the world literature.In the end ,the author point that what principles to foreign literatures we should have in the new century.


In this article, LED's light distribution is obtained through carrying out simulation of LED's optical package structure model by means of Monte Carlo method and the relevant LED tube's illuminance distribution is got through experimental measurement. The compare and the analysis of the model's simulation results and the experimental measurement results testify qualitatively that Monte Carlo method is one of the effective tools for LED light's optical design.


Sylviane Albertan-Coppola : Languages in Lafitau's mœurs des sauvages americains (1724). J. -F. Lafitau's contribution to ethnology has often been studied, but rarely his place in Amerindian linguistics. For although Lafitau provides neither a vocabulary nor a grammar of the Huron and Iroquois languages, he knew them very well as he had been a missionary at Sault-Saint-Louis and his learned essay is dotted with useful remarks on philosophy, morphology and even syntax. Above all, paradoxically, his comparative method, which led him to draw parallels — for the purposes of apologetics — between Amerindian customs and those of ancient peoples, led to a fertile relativism. It enabled him to make valid scientific observations, particularly concerning the relationship between language, society and the notion of dialect.


This article presents an Augmented Reality App for musical learning. The App works by verifying whether sequences of musical notes were correctly colored in a printed pentagram (target). Meanwhile, an animation in AR with a 3D character dancing to the rhythm of the melody is initiated. It was tested with six children and the results point towards the great potential of this tool for enhancing children's musical education.


Conventional crime has existed since the beginning of human civilization where evidence and artifacts can be used as assumptions to prove crime. Every criminal who is proven to have committed a certain crime will be convicted in accordance with the stipulated law. In this paper, there is a conventional crime case that can be proven to be a crime with digital technology, namely CCTV. Digital evidence obtained from CCTV footage can be used as an assumption of the extent of crimes committed by criminals. Unfortunately, the quality of the recording is not easy to analyze due to the lack of resolution of the video recording and the lack of lighting in certain conditions. The analysis that will be carried out in this case uses visual manipulation tools called Adobe Lightroom and other supporting tools. Digital forensic implementation and digital evidence handling procedures are used to handle this case using the forensic static method.


This paper proposes a mixed color sequential (MCS) algorithm with high contrast enhancement technique in RGB LED backlight display. Owing to synchronous control of LCD and LED panels, high quality image with suppressed color breakup and motion blur effects is achieved by our novel color sequential technique. Furthermore, high contrast image is also presented in LCD panel because of mixed RGB and CMY backlights with optimum power consumption. In other words, MCS algorithm with high contrast enhancement technique can have the better performance compared with other field sequential color techniques.


Low-molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) are used as effective and safe alternative anticoagulants to unfractionated heparin (UFH) in surgery. Argatroban is an important example of such kind of anticoagulant and is the most-used anticoagulant in surgery after UFH. This is first report of comparative study of argatroban on quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCMD) platform via activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and prothrombinase induced clotting test (PiCT). The QCM-D platform has been comparatively studied with 'gold standard' (i.e. mechanical coagulometer). Human plasma samples of healthy donors (n=20) spiked with different doses of argatroban were subjected to these measurements. QCM-D yields information of aPTT or PiCT and total coagulation points from frequency and dissipation signals. Overall PiCT data yielded lower variability as compare to that of aPTT. QCM-D platform provides the additional advantage of cost-effectiveness in the perspectives of the lowest sample (and reagent) volume consumption of 1.66 µL.


Recent observation of the Hubble diagram for supernovae Ia indicates that the expansion of the universe is accelerating at the present epoch [1,2]. This apparent acceleration is attributed to a dark energy residing in space itself, which also balances the kinetic energy of expansion so as to give the universe zero spatial curvature, as deduced from the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR). This dark energy was important in the past as it is now. It might have played a part in limiting the formation of largest gravitationally bound structures. One can model the dark energy by a cosmological constant (or a vacuum decaying energy). However, not all vacuum decaying cosmological models predict this acceleration. One way to account for such an acceleration is propose a kind of scalar field known as quintessence dominating the universe today. Quintessence offers a possible explanation for the observed E-mail: email@example.com


In total knee replacement (TKR) operation, a key factor for successful operation is to locate the center of the femoral head accurately, and to determine the mechanical axis, which goes through the center of femoral head and knee joint. Place an infrared tracker on the distal end of the femur, rotate the bone and then track the movement with the tracker, thus the center of the femoral head can be determined. We use the Hough transform in this study to convert the least square calculation into a dualistic linear regression, therefore the algorithm is optimized and the computing time is reduced. We also use RANdom SAmple Consensus (RANSAC) algorithm for data screening, which has enhanced the method's resistance to interference during the surgery. Combining the two advantages, this method can reach low deviation within 2mm, fast computing time less than 0.5s, despite of interferences.


In this article, we evaluate the impact of assimilating spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data in an Arctic regional ice analysis system over a year cycle. Ice and water information was automatically extracted from more than 7000 RADARSAT-2 HH-HV ScanSAR Wide images acquired over the Canadian Arctic and adjacent waters throughout the entire year 2013. A quality-control procedure was specifically developed and applied to reduce the number of erroneous SAR retrievals. To assess the impact of SAR ice and water retrievals on the Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) Regional Ice-Ocean Prediction System (RIOPS) ice concentration analyses, we designed a set of data assimilation experiments with and without the inclusion of SAR retrievals. Our verification results suggest that the assimilation of SAR-derived retrievals considerably improves ice concentration analyses in the situations where high spatial resolution is important (e.g., near land and over small inland lakes). Furthermore, SAR retrievals are particularly useful over the areas where the Canadian Ice Service's (CIS) manually derived ice products (such as Image Analyses, daily and weekly ice charts) are not available or have limited coverage. The three-satellite RADARSAT Constellation Mission (RCM) launched in June 2019 will significantly increase the temporal frequency of SAR data. According to the most recent CIS estimate, more than 54 000 RCM images a year will be acquired over the CIS areas of interest. Therefore, the assimilation of SAR retrievals from RCM should further enhance automated ice concentration analyses products.


In the southwest part of Sao Francisco Craton occur neoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks of the Bambui Group.  Among these rocks the Sambura Conglomerate outcrops nearby the external (eastern) region of the southernmost part of Brasilia Thrust Belt.  Sedimentological studies carried on these rocks at Serra da Pimenta region reveals that they belong to a fan delta system developed at the toes of thrust fault escarpments of Brasilia Thrust Belt. Petrographic analysis of clasts of Sambura Conglomerate pointed to Canastra Group and Pium-i greenstone belt rocks of Serra da Pimenta mountains as source rocks. The fan delta deposits are rested above shallow marine carbonate rocks of the base of Bambui Group.


The increasing level of urbanization in the recent decades has highlighted the importance of urban management in solving and controlling urban crises. Urban growth management requires an efficient system which can identify and organize all important citizens' needs. As we know specific rules and regulations determine relations, interactions, levels of performance and position of each section and institution within such a system. These days, the legal aspects of urban growth management system cause many problems, especially in developing countries. In Iran, urban growth management faces several problems because of the complexities of the legal system in controlling the regulations. This paper aims to examine the advantages and disadvantages of the current urban growth management regulations in Iran. The methodology of the research is based on content analysis of the urban regulation and its evolution using existing documents. The results showed that there is an insufficient and weak autonomy of municipality vis-à-vis the state and its affiliated organizations; which itself is a part of obstacles of integrated management in the country.


Aims: Production of gellan gum by Sphingomoas paucimobilis from whey was optimized by different fermentation techniques. Study Design: Study the growth behavior of Sphingomoas paucimobilis was cultivated on 40% sweet whey medium in the bioreactor as a batch, fed batch and continuous culture and effect of aeration and agitation speed on gellan production. Place and Duration of Study: Microbiology Dept., Fac. of Agriculture, Ain Shams Univ., Cairo, Egypt, 2016/ 2017. Methodology: Using Sphingomoas paucimobilis on sweet whey in the bioreactor as a batch, fed batch (pulsed & continuous) and continuous culture. Among the four levels of air saturation and four levels of agitation speeds. Results: Using the continuous feeding of sugar sweet whey at 1.53 glhduring 12 h was favorable than pulsed feeding for gellan production in fed-batch culture. In continuous culture addition of 40% SW at 0.055 h dilution rate (110 ml h), the values of gellan parameters recorded by Original Research Article Gamal et al.; SAJRM, 1(4): 1-12, 2018; Article no.SAJRM.43232 2 Sphingomoas paucimobilis were 24.34%, 26.54% & 0.337 glh for gellan yield, conversion coefficient and gellan productivity during 24 h. At 28oC. This technique increments the gellan production (gl -1 h -1 ) by 3.3 & 2.2-2.5 and 1.51.6 fold as compared to that produced by using batch & fedbatch pulsed and fed-batch continuous techniques respectively. The emulsifying capability of the partially purified gellan was 100% whereas it was 95% for xanthan gum, as well as its high flocculating activity than xanthan. A tough worm-like gel or firm gel were formed when 10% calcium chloride solution or 0.5 g sodium chloride were added to gellan solution. Conclusion: The maximum gellan yield and lower fermentation period were obtained with air saturation of 60% at 750 rpm agitation speed. The continuous feeding at 1.53 gl -1 h -1 was favorable than pulsed feeding for gellan production in fed-batch culture, while the maximum gellan productivity was obtained by using a continuous culture technique at 0.055 h dilution rate.


complicating factors as chronic infection, anemia, or malnutrition. The cardiac neuroses which Doctor Scott has discussed so completely might well be included under the heading of "functional disorders." In this instance the primary trouble consists in an instability of the nervous system. Thus we see that disorders in almost any other system of the body may be reflected in abnormalities of the heart. These must be clearly distinguished from those cardiac disturbances due to organic lesions.


The purpose of this research was to analyze the situation of public procurement in Ecuador, considering both the previous political regime and the significant changes that have occurred with the implementation of the new public procurement law, as well as the principles that must be met. A methodology based on review and documentary analysis was used, considering current laws and current regulations. The results show that the need for annual planning and budget allocation is a crucial problem that must be solved in the country's public procurement field. It is concluded that it is necessary to implement the new procedures established by the Organic Law of the National Public Procurement System to create a transparent, efficient, and dynamic contracting system that broadly benefits the nation and its inhabitants.


The framework of non-equilibrium thermodynamics (NET) is used to derive heat and mass transport equations for pervaporation of a binary mixture in a membrane. In this study, the assumption of equilibrium of the sorbed phase in the membrane and the adjacent phases at the feed and permeate sides of the membrane is abandoned, defining the interface properties using local equilibrium. The transport equations have been used to model the pervaporation of a water-ethanol mixture, which is typically encountered in the dehydration of organics. The water and ethanol activities and temperature profiles are calculated taking mass and heat coupling effects and surfaces into account. The NET approach is deemed good because the temperature results provided by the model are comparable to experimental results available for water-alcohol systems.


The ground boom model (AGriculture DISPersion) or AGDISP calculates the deposition of agrichemicals both in the area sprayed and more importantly downwind on neighbouring properties. However modelling the breakup and evaporation of the spray droplet cloud over the first few metres is very difficult. Wind Tunnel Dispersion or WTDISP arose to overcome this difficulty. Measurements of droplet spectra and fluxes were made 2 m downwind of several nozzles in a wind tunnel. WTDISP originated as this source was input into the frame work of the ground boom model AGDISP. AGDISP calculates the deposition by ensemble averaging the droplet paths to the ground and uses a statistical distribution of the likely paths about these averages to calculate the deposition on the ground. The nozzles selected for the wind tunnel were those used in the field study trials undertaken by Wolf and Caldwell (2001) so that WTDISP could be used with this study as a basis for comparison with AGDISP. Measurements were undertaken at 4.5 m/s wind speed, at 0.1 m vertical intervals from 0.1 m to 0.6 m and at 0.08 m horizontal intervals from the centre of the nozzle at each vertical level, (Hewitt, 2008). The analysis calculated the total flux at each level, together with the droplet spectra, to input into WTDISP in order to calculate the deposition downwind for one nozzle. This flux was matched to the field situation to give the deposition. Figure 1 shows the result for the first trial of the Wolf & Caldwell (2001) data.


The purpose of this study, namely to improve student learning outcomes in the subject of ledger class XA Accounting at SMK Negeri 1 Ende through the application of blended learning. This type of research used in this research is classroom action research (CAR). The subjecs of this research were 32 students of class XA SMK Negeri 1 Ende. At the same time, the data collection techniques used in this study were: (1) testing, (2) observation, (3) documentation. The research data obtained were analyzed descriptively using simple descriptive statistics. Based on the findings of researchers that learning Basic Accounting, Ledger teaching materials have been done well. In the cognitive domain, it was 18.64% from cycle I to cycle II. In the affective domain, it was 58.90% from cycle I to cycle II. Meanwhile, the psychomotor domain was 27.72% from cycle I to cycle II.


The production of video lectures for e-learning courses are becoming irreplaceable component of distance courses and getting more popular. The key feature of using video lectures is flexible opportunities to make learning independent from time and location. Moreover, video lectures promote to the better comprehension of learning material and motivate self-education of students. The purpose of using video lectures for e-learning courses is to increase the effectiveness of learning through visualization. Visualization of learning process minimizes cognitive difficulties of students. Synthesis of body language, verbal, and visual elements (multimedia, abstract signs, visual schemes, specific objects, etc.) within the limits of one e-learning course unit is an instrument of optimization of the process of semantic perception and understanding text information. Thus, the aim of the study is to develop the system of criteria to be considered when developing video lectures for e-learning courses and to give guidelines to teaching staff how to design and to implement video lectures within different training courses. After analysis the number of multimedia educational content of leading Russian and foreign universities, we develop the system of criteria for defining the recommendations of video lectures usage in teaching process: recommendations for clothing, external appearance, recommendations on the language of lectures and style of behavior.


The European goverments´ concern about boosting demand shows how important the motor industry is to European economies. The motor industry account for one in ten jobs in countries such as France and Germany


We calculate the hole energy-level structure in quantum wells (QW's) in high in-plane magnetic fields. On the basis of our results, we analyze the conditions of validity of resonant magnetotunneling spectrosocpy (RMS) as a probe of the unperturbed hole subband dispersion. The high magnetic field used in RMS does not change appreciably, apart from a modest ``spin'' splitting, the hole subbands for thin wells, but have a non-negligible effect on the dispersion for thicker wells. We use a simplified analytical model to evaluate the field-related heavy-hole\char21{}light-hole mixing terms and we give their explicit dependence on the field strength and the width of the QW. This allows us to estimate the range of validity of RMS as a probe of hole subbands.


One of the factors for good achievement is employees' best performance. Performance is a work result in quality and quantity achieved by an employee or a group in performing the duties. The level of employees' performance is influenced by several factors such as personality, capability and motivation. This research has purpose to identify and analyze the influence of personality and capability toward outsourcing employees under supervision of General Affairs Department in PT Inalum (Persero) Kuala Tanjung, North Sumatera, Indonesia. The type of this research is descriptive correlation which means describing free and bound variables, and analyzing the correlation of both variables to figure out the contribution of each variable. Meanwhile, the nature of this research is an explanatory research describing the fenomena which happen at research objects regarding the influence of personality and capability toward outsourcing employees with motivation as an intervening variable. The population of this research is all outsourcing employees under supervision of General Affairs Department as many as 301 persons, and 172 persons as sample of this research with the margin error ? 5%. The data are collected by interview, questionnaire and documentation study. The data were analyzed by using path analysis and the research result has showed that the variables of personality and capability simultaneously have positive and significant effects to outsourcing employees' performance through motivation, and partially the personality and capability positively and significantly effects to outsourcing employees' performance in PT Inalum (Persero) Kuala Tanjung.


It is a big challenge to ensure the ambulatory care in economically underdeveloped, rural areas. Some regions of Brandenburg face a shortage of medical care which is primarily caused by the change of generations, the lack of young people and the little existing infrastructure. In these parts of Brandenburg one also sees the consequences of the demographic change: the population is older, less mobile, and the proportion of multi-morbid patients comparatively increased. In addition, the practicing physicians tend to be older and young doctors are becoming less willing to settle in their own surgery. To cope with these challenges the Regional Associations of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians in Brandenburg (Kassenarztliche Vereinigung Brandenburg) invented the KV RegioMed Program. KV RegioMed is a modular concept with regionally tailored solutions which can be combined as needed. The concept meshes medical and non-medical capacities. Competencies and resources can be bundled by outpatient and inpatient areas and intertwined across different sectors.


Today computers are part of networked; distributed systems that may span multiple buildings sometimes located thousands of miles apart. The network of such a system is a pathway for communication between the computers in the distributed system. The network is also a pathway for intrusion. Intrusion detection is an important technology in business sector as well as an active area of research. It is an important tool for information security. A Network Intrusion Detection System is used to monitor networks for attacks or intrusions and report these intrusions to the administrator in order to take evasive action. This system is designed to detect and combat some common attacks on network systems. It follows the signature based IDs methodology for ascertaining attacks. A signature based IDS will monitor packets on the network and compare them against a database of signatures or attributes from known malicious threats. In this system the attack log displays the list of attacks to the administrator for evasive action. This system works as an alert device in the event of attacks directed towards an entire network. This paper discuss about various architecture of network intrusion detection system & their limitations and advantages. Snort is used as NIDS & its output is used by Open Source Intelligent Network Intrusion Detection System Analyzer for generating various reports for analysis.


This study attempts to examine the different interpretations among the couple of world class performers based on the same exact piece of music. Benjamin Britten's Nocturnal Op. 70 after John Dowland is a highly respected piece of music written for the classical guitar that is the prime reason for why it has been selected to serve as the core of this study. Three various recorded interpretations of the first movement Musingly by Julian Bream, Sharon Isbin and Jeremy Jouve are evaluated in measure to measure detail. This examination includes the comparison between accuracy, coherency, articulation, phrasing, dynamics, and timbre.


The first systematic genetic study of Parkinson's disease (PD) was carried out by Mjönes in 1949. His results indicated autosomal dominant transmission with 60% penetrance. These conclusions, however, were long discounted because oligosymptomatic and atypical relatives were counted as secondary cases without clear justification. Subsequent surveys of patient and twin studies failed to confirm evidence of familial concentration and the hypothesis of a genetic etiology was over‐shadowed by interest in possible environmental neurotoxins. A growing accumulation of pedigrees of histologically confirmed Lewy‐body PD over the past several years has refocused attention on genetic factors. Fluorodopa positron emission tomagraphy (PET) studies in oligosymptomatic co‐twins of probands and recent clinicopathologic studies of atypical cases have provided retrospective support for Mjönes' methodology.


The catalytic performances of ferrisilicates with ZSM\|48 structure(denoted as Fe\|ZSM\|48) used as catalyst supports in CO hydrogenation to light olefineswere investigated. Incorporation of Fe(Ⅲ) ions into the zeolite framework significantly raises both the reaction activity and selectivity which is the result of promoting the reduction of the active components, weakening the hydrogen adsorption, and leading to a more uniform distribution of the surface energies. The supported iron and potassium contents, calcination temperature and atmosphere have great effects on the catalytic properties of Fe\|ZSM\|48, showing that Fe(Ⅲ) sites of the framework and the removal of organic template may play important roles.


The system with partial unknown structure, parameters and characteristics is called a grey system. Grey system theory is a newly developed theory to deal with the problem of uncertainties in the case with "poor" information and has widely been used in many fields. The grey prediction SCGM(1,1) model has been used widely. In this paper, the characteristics of SCGM(1,1) model are systematically studied. Some new existing forms of SCGM(1,1) are derived including exponential form, α, β parameter form, scale form and recursive form. The parameter range suitable for SCGM(1,1) modeling has been studied based on strict proof. The prohibited area and the area not suitable or suitable for modeling of SCGM(1,1) model are divided clearly according to the developing coefficient a. Then, the discrete form of developing coefficient a is given. Based on the discrete form of developing coefficient a, a new grey modeling method avoiding complex matrix calculation is presented.


This study aims to describe the characteristics of the language, the factors that influence the characteristics of language, and the implementation of language characteristics in learning activities in class XI 1 Blora Muhammadiyah High School Academic Year 2018/2019 in Indonesian language learning in high school. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. The data in this study are words and sentences found in learning activities in class XI Muhammadiyah 1 Blora High School. Sources of data in this study are conversations that take place during the teaching and learning process in class XI. Data collection techniques used in the study are recording techniques and techniques to see notes. Data validity technique used in this study is triangulation theory. Data analysis in this study uses extralingual equivalent method. The results of the study show that: 1) Characteristics of language in the Indonesian learning process, include: a) Mix Code Into consisting of 13 data insertion code interventions and mix 7 word repetition codes. b) 4 Data Outward Code mix, c) 7 data Idiolek variety, d) 5 data dialect languages, and e) 5 data in relaxed language. 2) Factors that influence language characteristics, including: age factor of 3 data and 2 community environmental factors. 3) Implementation of language characteristics in the process of learning Indonesian in Class XI Muhammadiyah 1 Blora High School Academic Year 2018/2019 in Indonesian language learning in high school, which can be implemented in Indonesian language learning in high school class XI semester 1 (odd) precisely in KD 2.2 Explain the results of interviews about the respondent's responses to certain topics. Learning material includes understanding, types, stages in conducting interviews, examples of summaries of the results of interviews, how to make an interview summary, theory of various languages (understanding, factors of emergence and division of languages)


The Coronavirus pandemic affected activities worldwide, among which the supply chain (SC) disruptions is significant. The impact is expected to affect businesses indefinitely; thus, the SC is unlikely to resume its pre‐COVID‐19 status. This study examines the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on SCs regarding its disruptions, associated challenges, and trend. It conducts an analysis of SCs stages, phases, and manifestations regarding the consequences, opportunities, and developments induced by the pandemic. A framework for the SC with COVID‐19 is presented towards a future global value chain and continuous improvements. It explores and connects the relevant elements to address the relations of SC‐COVID19 (SCC19). This study is novel as it identifies, categorises, and frames the essential factors and their interrelationships in a comprehensive framework. The SCC19 framework can be of value for decision‐makers and researchers, and can be generalised to other industries. Furthermore, study limitations and future research directions are discussed.


Objective:To Discuss the clinical and MRI features of periventricular leukomalacia(PVL) to improve their diagnostic accuracy.Methods:Retrospective analysis of 46 cases of PVL in clinical and MRI.Results:44 patients with intrauterine asphyxia or difficult labor,42 cases of premature children.The average birth weight was 2 025 g.33 cases with a limb movement disorder,11 cases with mental retardation,8 cases with hearing and language disorders,3 cases with visual impairment.44 patients with long T1 long T2 signal ventricular side,which signal is confined to the triangle anomaly around 18 cases,confined to the forehead near the posterior horn of paraneoplastic were 4 cases and 2 cases,involving the white matter around the lateral body and semi-oval centers were 12 cases and 8 cases,2 patients had no abnormal periventricular signal.29 cases of lateral ventricle trigone expansion deformation occurs,13 cases with lateral body of expansion and deformation,the other 4 patients with no significant change in the form of lateral ventricle,19 cases with combined corpus callosum hypoplasia.Conclusion:Periventricular leukomalacia and lateral expansion,deformation is the characteristics of the disease changes,can be combined corpus callosum hypoplasia.The diagnosis should be combined with premature children,children with low weight and asphyxia and other clinical data.


Interface is the weak point of composite insulator. The Interface defects in composite insulators may lead to heating, aging acceleration even fracture accidents. These will have a serious effect on the safe operation of transmission lines. Therefore, it is significant to improve the level of safeguard of the power grid by periodically detecting the composite insulators and replacing the composite insulators with hidden trouble. Compared with the traditional infrared detection, taking advantages of differences in propagation processes of pulsed heat flux has better initiative and applicability and the measurement speed is fast and the precision is high. In this paper, the propagation law of pulsed heat flux has been studied with the simulation plate model, and difference of temperature between defective and reference area has been analyzed when the thermal excitation meet the Dirac function. Secondly, Plate samples and insulators with interfacial defects have been produced, and the defects in plate samples could be easily distinguished by the radiation quantity immediately. Finally, to increase the resolution of this method, according to the characteristic of the thermal wave obtained by the simulation and tests, the derivate of the data has been further processed in the Logarithmic coordinate system, and the difference between defective area and reference area has approximately enlarged 7 times and 1 mm defect could be distinguished.


With the new Studienplan (curricular structure) for theFaculty of Arts at Innsbruck University fully in placesince October 2002 and implemented step by step, thenumber of course hours allocated toFremdsprachendidaktik (pre-service teacher education forforeign languages) has been increased from six to ten. Inan initiative from the Department of RomanceLanguages, inter-departmental cooperation has beenencouraged, thus removing a long tradition of single-language isolation in pre-service courses. A work-groupinvolving representatives of the various languagedepartments at the university was set up to discuss draftproposals.It emerged that there was considerable common groundbetween what had previously been covered in pre-service teacher education in each of the individuallanguages. Areas such as theories of language acquisition,the evolution of modern language teaching methods,general methodological principles of communicativelanguage teaching, as well as theories and principles oftesting, evaluating and assessing in foreign languageclassrooms had been covered by all departments. Itseemed sensible, therefore, to integrate all the work ofthese different departments into one projeetThe synergy generated by this undertaking has provedparticularly produetive, especially by providing two inter-departmental courses at the beginning and the end ofthe overall pre-service teacher education: an initialcourse Einfuhrung in die Didaktik desFremdsprachenunterrichts (introduction to the teaching offoreign languages) and a final course Testen undBewerten (testing and assessment). The model itselfinvolves team-teaching for the initial and final course,while each language has its own Workshop in which theprinciples in the initial course are worked out inpractical teaching situations. The synergy has also been awelcome development from the Student perspective, forat present about one third of them are studying twoforeign languages.The radically new dimension in this integrated programis a multilingual approach in foreign language teaching,which includes flexible, selective and targeted codeswitching in the initial and final Joint courses. Theapproach also takes into aecount new aspects of theacquisition and learning of various languages. One suchaspect is the multilingual factor, namely the morelanguages one learns, the easier it is to learn the nextone (cf. Herdina/Jessner 2002). For this reason, the Jointcourses are held bilingually (English and German), withshorter input sessions within the other languages orwith recurrent references to them. The languagesinclude English, French, Italian, Spanish and Russian, andeven Classical Greek and Latin. One reason for theinclusion of the latter two languages is that it was feitthat language awareness and metalinguistic knowledgeare encouraged through reflecting on linguistic patternsin these languages in particular.


Benthic habitat monitoring is essential for many applications involving biodiversity, marine resource management, and the estimation of variations over temporal and spatial scales. Nevertheless, both automatic and semi-automatic analytical methods for deriving ecologically significant information from towed camera images are still limited. This study proposes a methodology that enables a high-resolution towed camera with a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) to adaptively monitor and map benthic habitats. First, the towed camera finishes a pre-programmed initial survey to collect benthic habitat videos, which can then be converted to geo-located benthic habitat images. Second, an expert labels a number of benthic habitat images to class habitats manually. Third, attributes for categorizing these images are extracted automatically using the Bag of Features (BOF) algorithm. Fourth, benthic cover categories are detected automatically using Weighted Majority Voting (WMV) ensembles for Support Vector Machines (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbor (K-NN), and Bagging (BAG) classifiers. Fifth, WMV-trained ensembles can be used for categorizing more benthic cover images automatically. Finally, correctly categorized geo-located images can provide ground truth samples for benthic cover mapping using high-resolution satellite imagery. The proposed methodology was tested over Shiraho, Ishigaki Island, Japan, a heterogeneous coastal area. The WMV ensemble exhibited 89% overall accuracy for categorizing corals, sediments, seagrass, and algae species. Furthermore, the same WMV ensemble produced a benthic cover map using a Quickbird satellite image with 92.7% overall accuracy.


Volume 35, no. 2 activity. rheumatoid arthritis: relationship between insulin resistance and disease Longterm anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha treatment in patients with refractory Bruno Seriolo, Carmela Ferrone and Maurizio Cutolo http://www.jrheum.org/content/35/2/355.citation J Rheumatol 2008;35;355-357 http://www.jrheum.org/alerts  1. Sign up for TOCs and other alerts http://jrheum.com/faq  2. Information on Subscriptions http://jrheum.com/reprints_permissions  3. Information on permissions/orders of reprints


While guests in the oce or a phone call can be pleasant sur- prises, in the wrong moment they may be disrupting a time of focused work and concentration. A lack of coordination between colleagues at the work place can lead to unwanted interruptions and result in an inef- cient and unpleasant workplace. MATe (Mate for Awareness in Teams) is a pervasive, ambient intelligent computing framework charged with the task of preventing unwanted interruptions and improving social in- teraction at the workplace of knowledge workers. We present a survey of employees at a university in order to identify the attitudes of knowledge workers towards interruptions as well as their opinions on a pervasive system surveying and analyzing their behavior. Based on the results of this survey a prototype has been developed using an ontology written in OWL as a knowledge representation and logic-based reasoning to infer the users' status and interruptibility.


The experiments have been performed in the medium sized stellarator TJ-II, with 200 ms, 400 kW ECRH power producing bean shaped, 20 cm sized plasmas with ne(0) ∀ 0.5 ‐ 1.2 x 10 19 m -3 and T e (0) ∀ 1 ‐ 1.5 keV at the centre and n e (a) = 1.5 x 10 18 m -3 and T e (a) = 40 eV at the


textabstractThe right of asylum is rooted in the history of mankind (religious right of asylum
(sanctuary)) and since the beginning of the modern State it has been rooted in the
sovereignty of the State itself (the right of territorial asylum). The State retains the right
to grant its protection to certain non-nationals or stateless persons, as a consequence of
its territorial sovereignty, once the conditions laid down by the State have been complied
with. In principle, it is the sovereign State itself which decides in which circumstances a
person deserves such protection.1

Refugee status, on the other hand, is a concept which arose in international law in the
20th century and is defined through international agreements. It protects certain persons,
especially when they have had to flee from the countries of their nationality or their
habitual residence owing to a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons which
concern their race, nationality, membership in a particular social group or their political
opinions.2 Despite the underlying humanitarian principles, there is no doubt that the
granting of asylum is intimately connected with politics at all levels.3 Therefore the term
political asylum is also used.

As far as refugee status is concerned, the treaty instruments are the Convention
Relating to the Status of Refugees (further referred to as the 1951 Geneva Convention)4
and the Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees (further referred to as the 1967 New
York Protocol).5 Although there are references to asylum in the Preamble to the 1951
Geneva Convention, the granting of asylum (i.e. granting of full and lasting protection) is
not dealt with further in the text of this convention or the 1967 New York Protocol.6

The 1951 Geneva Convention was originally drafted to deal with the displacement of
people as a result of the Second World War. It restricted the definition of refugees to
those whose fear of persecution arose from events occurring in Europe before 1 January
1951. The 1967 New York Protocol removed the time restriction and promoted a gradual
removal of the geographical restriction. However, the definition of refugee was not
changed.


This study investigated equity perceptions of a school based performance appraisal system in a subject discipline. Participants were 110 mathematics teachers (females = 10%) and 12 school principals (females = 25%). They completed a questionnaire on distributive, procedural and interactional justice regarding the performance evaluation process. The School principals and eight of the teachers were qualitatively interviewed to elaborate on their performance appraisal equity perceptions. The quantitative data were descriptively analysed to characterize negative and positive perceptions and the qualitative data were thematically analysed. The findings show that respondents perceived inequity in the distributive, procedural and interactional aspects of the performance based scheme. Equity was marginally more endorsed regarding just one category of interactional justice. The study underscores the importance of perceptions of equity in performance appraisal systems in work organisations.


Several months ago I taught a course that lead to bitter disappointment. The course material was my favorite. The class format was experimental but seemed reasonably well designed. Students seemed to show substantial progress over the term. Yet afterward I learned the course was a failure on all counts: students were unhappy, even angry; learning was minimal; and colleagues evaluated my performance as poor. The experience of failure helped me gain a new perspective on teaching. Perhaps the sequence of events, the disillusionment, and the resulting insights will be of some interest to other organizational behavior teachers. Four and Twenty Blackbirds Looking back, I see that I had been developing the teaching philosophy that lead to my classroom disaster over the four years before that fatal term. During that period I tried several teaching approaches


The contribution presents the modelling solution of the potential scenarios impact of the common Agricultural Policy of the European Union after 2013 in the selected sectors of the Slovak republic national economy. The solution is accomplished using the computable general Equilibrium model with the emphasis on the productive and less favourable agricultural areas and the theoretical rents for agricultural land. if we take into consideration both pillars of the common Agricultural Policy of the European Union, according to the modelling calculations in Slovak conditions the most favoured is the conservative scenario, the reference and the Flat rate scenario are neutral and the least favourable is the Liberalisa-


A pseudomorphic Ga0.2In0.8P/Ga0.47In0.53As/InP high electron mobility transistor grown by MOVPE using TBP and TBA is reported for the first time. The extrinsic transconductances of 480 and 620 mS/mm with the maximum output current of 660 and 780 mA/mm were achieved for the 1.2 µm gate length device at 300 and 77 K, respectively. These data are comparable to those of AlInAs/GaInAs HEMTs grown by MOVPE and MBE indicating the good material quality.


The author of this article wrote to the Editor: "I have had one outstanding personal experience which has made me more Journal-conscious than others—and we hardly needed any postgraduate drilling on the importance or use of the American Journal of Nursing for our superintendent of nurses at Stanford, Maude C. Landis, repeatedly emphasized the meaning it should have for us while we were students at Stanford.'' Because the expeience which Mrs. Wilson describes here so well illustrates the excellence of the teaching she had, as a student nurse, in putting the Journal to work for her, and because of her practical suggestion on assembling Journal materils, we have asked the privilage of publishing her letter.—THE EDITORS.


Recently, wireless power transfer (WPT) technology has become a research hot spot due to its benefit of contactless power transfer. Firstly, for the sake of solving the problem of the small coupling coefficient of traditional orbital wireless power transfer systems, a new structure and control strategy of transceiver coil was proposed, and then the optimal parameters of system transmission efficiency were found out by comprehensive analysis of the LCC-S compensation circuit structure and equivalent circuit, and the correctness of the parameters was verified in MATLAB/Simulink simulation. Finally, an experimental prototype was built, and the experimental findings show that the wireless power transfer system based on LCC-S can realize voltage regulation control, the coupling coefficient is increased by 0.4 compared with the traditional orbital structure, and the transmission efficiency of this system is more than 80%.


Within the very broad field of molecular dynamics, we have concentrated on two simple yet important systems. The systems are simple enough so that they are adequately described with a single Born-Oppenheimer potential energy surface and that the dynamics can be calculated accurately. They are important because they give insight into solving more complicated systems. First we discuss H + H/sub 2/ reactive scattering. We present an exact formalism for atom-diatom reactive scattering which avoids the problem of finding a coordinate system appropriate for both reactants and products. We present computational results for collinear H + H/sub 2/ reactive scattering which agree very well with previous calculations. We also present a coupled channel distorted wave Born approximation for atom-diatom reactive scattering which we show is a first order approximation to our exact formalism. We present coupled channel DWBA results for three dimensional H + H/sub 2/ reactive scattering. The second system is an isolated HF molecule in an intense laser field. Using classical trajectories and quantum dynamics, we look at energy absorbed and transition probabilities as a function of the laser pulse time and also averaged over the pulse time. Calculations are performed for both rotating and nonrotating HF. We examine one and two photon absorption about the fundamental frequency, multiphoton absorption, and overtone absorption. 127 references, 31 figures, 12 tables.