The settlement features from Dulova Ves are extremely important for the research of interactions of Eneolithic cultures near the Northern Carpathian massive. Their exceptionality is seen in the fact that they have provided us with a unique picture of settlement finds from the youngest horizon of the Polgár cultural complex clearly featuring elements of foreign cultures. Identifying features of the Lažňany group (resp. the Hunyadihalom-Lažňany horizon) prevail in the ceramic material. Foreign attributes show features similar to the pottery of the Lublin-Volhynian culture, WyciążeZłotniki group, and the Tripolye culture. The analyzed finds, thus, at least partly help us create a mosaic of the complex picture of the cultural develompent in the Eneolithic communities living on the interface of the Carpathian Basin and the adjacent areas north of the Western and Eastern Carpathians. Together with the recently published biritual burials from the cemetery in Książnice, site 2 suggest a certain form of symbiosis of the above mentioned cultures (LublinVolhynian and the Hunyadihalom-Lažňany group) which was probably based on the constant demand for the highquality flint raw material as well as the then highly valued copper industry.


WITHOUT the research that promotes reappraisal of knowledge and the creation of new knowledge there can be no progress in medicine. Medicine floundered for centuries in the midst of empirical guesswork and ecclesiastically regulated tenets of belief. Nevertheless, with astute perceptive minds, medical men have often played an important role in the observations of natural events which contributed to the spawning of modern sciences. Gilbert, who studied magnetism, Linnaeus the botanist, and Helmholtz the physicist, were all doctors. Johann Gottlob Kruger, a professor of medicine in Helmstadt, published a book on electricity in 1745. His friends asked him why he was interested, and he answered, 'God only knows what the wise heads of the future will make of it all. It certainly has no application either in theology or jurisprudence so where else can its use be but in medicine?' How right he was, for the application of the physical and chemical sciences and the technology of modern electronics have transformed modern medicine and the biological sciences on which medicine is based. Indeed, the beginning of research is curiosity, with an ensuing attempt to find an answer to unknown factors or inexplicable phenomena. Techniques of study continue to be refined and elaborated, extending our powers of perception far beyond the phenomena observed with the unaided senses and leading to radical changes in our concepts. As our knowledge enlarges, problems are clarified and illuminated but new areas for further research are continuously revealed. The growing circle of light illuminates an ever increasing sphere of darkness. New opportunities for research are continuously with us, but new approaches require both extensive theoretical knowledge and familiarity with practical technical possibilities, and proposed new studies may indeed be appraised only by a mere handful of gifted specialized scientists. As scientific method becomes more sophisticated, its language becomes more difficult to translate into non-technical terms. The public, and even government, usually lacking appreciation of the objectives of the scientists, become both impatient for 'results' and resentful about costs. The undercurrent of 'antiscience' becomes more vocal. In medicine, all innovators have had to face their opponents and detractors. Semmelweiss, Pasteur and


Portrait of Anna J. Cooper, from her A Voice from the South, published 1892 by the Aldine Printing House, Xenia, Ohio. [3]Anna Julia Cooper, educator, writer, activist, and feminist, was born about 1858 in Raleigh to Hannah Stanley, a slave in the Dr. Fabius J. Haywood [4] household. Little is known of the years that she spent in slavery however, although he was never identified, scholars are in agreement that Cooper's father was Fabius Haywood. After the Civil War [5], Staley worked as a domestic servant in Raleigh to support her daughter's education. Cooper later wrote about her mother's sacrifice saying that "many an unbuttered crust was eaten in silent content that she might eke out enough from her poverty to send her young folks off to school." Cooper's two older brothers were both independent by that time, but Staley was always on hand to help them and their families, as well.


PMD10 IMPACT ANALYSES OF FRACTIONAL FLOW RESERVE-GUIDED PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIVESSEL DISEASE IN FRANCE AND BELGIUM Arvandi M1, Bornschein B1, Gothe RM1, Rioufol G2, De bruyne B3, De pouvourville G4, Desmet W5, Lefevre T6, Fearon WF7, Pijls NHJ8, Siebert U9 1UMIT University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology, Hall i. Tirol, Tirol, Austria, 2Cardiovascular hospital – Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France, 3OLV-Clinic-Aalst, Aalst, Belgium, 4ESSEC Business School, Cergy, France, 5University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium, 6Hopital Privé Jacques Cartier, Massy, France, 7Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA, 8Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, 9UMIT/Harvard University, Hall i.Tirol, Austria OBJECTIVES: The FAME Study is an international multicenter randomized clinical trial (n 1,005), which proved a significant improvement in health outcomes for patients undergoing multivessel percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) guided by fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurement compared to PCI guided by angiography alone (ANGIO). The objective of this study is to estimate the impact of FFRguided PCI on public health and on healthcare budget in France and Belgium and to compare these results with those of other European countries. METHODS: We used original patient-level data of the FAME Study (Tonino et al., NEJM 2009) to estimate health effects for France and Belgium. Utilities were measured with EQ-5D using French (time trade-off based) and Belgian Torrance transformed (visual analogue scale based) weights. Costs were based on French and Belgian prices and DRG catalogues. The size of the population eligible for the intervention was taken from national PCI registries to calculate number of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) avoided, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained, and cost savings during a 2-year budget period (2011-2012) from the payer's perspective. We estimated ranges based on best and worst case scenarios regarding benefits, costs and FFR uptake. RESULTS: For both countries, FFR led to more QALYs, less MACE and lower costs under different scenarios within 2-year time horizon. The public health impact of implementing FFR-guided PCI ranged from 6 to 44 QALYs gained in France and 12 to 234 in Belgium. MACEs avoided ranged from 284 to 2108 and from 23 to 467, respectively. Cost savings ranged from 4.8 to 28.9 and from 0.43 to 7.7 million EUR, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our impact study shows that FFR-guided PCI in patients with multivessel coronary disease is dominant and leads to considerably reduced numbers of MACE, more QALYs and substantial cost savings in the French and Belgian health care systems.


[Objective]The research aimed to study the growth and development,each organ's dry matter accumulation dynamics of winter wheat under different water stress.[Method]Different water conditions were set up in pot experiment,and the effects of water stress on the matter accumulation and distribution of winter wheat were reviewed.Then the relation equation between yield and water consumption was established.[Result]The results showed that,the proportion of dry-matter distribution in stem was low under the fitting water condition.it was 32% and 39% in spike.But under the condition of high water stress and excessive water,the proportion of dry-matter distribution in stem became higher and the proportion in spike was lower.Under the condition of high water stress,the proportion in stem was 43% and 34%,and in spike,it was 41% and 27%.[Conclusion]The flowering and jointing stages are two periods during which winter wheat is especially sensitive to soil water.Attentions should be paid on management of soil water in the field during the flowering and grain filling stages.


In this note, we discuss symmetric brackets on skew-symmetric algebroids associated with metric or symplectic structures. Given a pseudo-Riemannian metric structure, we describe the symmetric brackets induced by connections with totally skew-symmetric torsion in the language of Lie derivatives and differentials of functions. We formulate a generalization of the fundamental theorem of Riemannian geometry. In particular, we obtain an explicit formula of the Levi-Civita connection. We also present some symmetric brackets on almost Hermitian manifolds and discuss the first canonical Hermitian connection. Given a symplectic structure, we describe symplectic connections using symmetric brackets. We define a symmetric bracket of smooth functions on skew-symmetric algebroids with the metric structure and show that it has properties analogous to the Lie bracket of Hamiltonian vector fields on symplectic manifolds.


In electron irradiation experiments on the materials, a true current of the electron beam is to be known to calculate the electron fluence received by the sample. Therefore, a pulsed electron beam current and flux monitor alongwith electronic system for an electron accelerator called Race-Track Microtron has been designed and developed. The sensing device used was a ferrite core having suitable number of turns of copper wire wound around it, through which the electron beam was passed without loss in the intensity. With an appropriate developed electronic circuit, the instantaneous value of the induced voltage was measured which in turn provides value of the electron beam pulsed current. The total charge passed through the ferrite core per unit time was therefore recorded and an integrated value of the total charge in a given period could be derived. This system can be used to measure the electron flux in the range from 10 electron/cm to 10 electron/cm. Moreover, this system has been used successfully in a few electron irradiation experiments where the knowledge of the electron fluence received by the sample is required.


Various surface active agents are used as food additives in food processing when a decrease in surface tension is required e.g., in production and stabilization of all kinds of dispersions, which include emulsion, foams, aerosols and suspensions. Emulsions and foams are of particular interest in food processing and the basic principles involved in their formation and maintenance are very similar: foaming agents and emulsifiers, due to their amphipathic nature, form interface films and thus prevent the disperse phases from flowing together (1).


The influence of initial random variations of ballistic factors, such as mass, initial projectile velocity and throwing angle, on the scattering of projectiles by the Monte Carlo method is studied. The study used a computer external ballistic model of the projectile flight of a 30-mm gun, based on a system of differential equations. A parabolic spline is used to interpolate the air drag law of 1943. For each of the selected ballistic indicators (projectile mass, initial velocity of the projectile, and throwing angle), 1000 normally distributed random values were generated, and hit points were calculated, from which the standard deviation was calculated.
Several series of computational experiments were performed to study the influence of each factor separately, the pairwise influence of factors and the combined influence of three factors. In the case of the combined effect on the scattering of all three studied factors, the greatest influence is the magnitude of the variation of the initial velocity of the projectile. Software and techniques can be used by munitions developers to improve their combat capabilities and performance ammunition. When firing a firearm, the phenomenon of scattering occurs due to the variety of factors that change randomly from shot to shot. Scattering characteristics are determined by statistical processing of firing data in the range. Projectile scattering is closely linked to the effectiveness of hitting targets, and therefore the study of scattering is given much attention by researchers.
For practical application, scattering estimates obtained by statistical analysis of experimentally obtained data are usually used.


Background: The novel Coronavirus (COVID 19) infection has affected the population with various medical issues including the underlying neurological comorbidities such as Parkinson disease. COVID 19 is found to bind with the host angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors for viral entry. ACE2 receptors are normally expressed in various body surfaces as well as in the neurons and glial cells where they act as an entry port to SARS-CoV-2 infection to invade the central nervous system (CNS). ACE2 are also highly expressed in dopamine neurons which might worsen the outcome in terms of motor symptoms in PD with the treatment course. It may lead to an indirect response via immune-mediated cytokine storms and propagate through CNS leading to damage. Parkinsons disease has also been noticed due to certain post viral infections apart from COVID-19 such as, HSV, Influenza virus A, Measles virus, Cytomegalovirus and Mumps (Olsen et al, 2018). We aim to provide a thorough review on neurological outcomes and impact of COVID-19 in Parkinson disease. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to analyze the impact of COVID 19 in patients with Parkinson disease (> 21 yo). Systematic literature search was done using PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Cochrane databases. PRISMA guidelines were followed summarized in Fig. 3 for study acquisition. Results: Of the Parkinsons patients that were tested positive for SARS-CoV 2, worsening of motor symptoms were reported along with other COVID 19 symptoms (Fig. 4 and 5). These symptoms include bradykinesia, tremors, gait disturbances, delirium and dementia and severe spasms of arms and legs. Encephalopathy was also one of the main symptoms presented in two of the studies. Increased mortality rates were identified for those who were hospitalized due to COVID-19 and PD when compared to other patients. Conclusion: Parkinsons disease may experience substantial worsening of motor and non motor symptoms during COVID 19. Due to the novelty of the virus, studies were reported from recent years and further extensive studies are needed to explore more about the disease severity and neurological outcomes when compared to other non-PD patients. Authors identify this as a limitation for this paper. Additional studies are needed to understand the role of ACE2 in increasing vulnerability to viruses and role of ACE inhibitors as treatment modality.


Results of experiments are presented on the behavior of turbulent flames in mixtures of methane, ethane, and propane with air. Tests were performed in two explosion tubes, one with an inner-diameter of 174 mm and the other of 520 mm. It was found that (similar to hydrogen combustibles) the flame acceleration can be weak or strong resulting either in slow subsonic flames, or in fast supersonic combustion regimes. Critical mixture compositions for the threshold between slow and fast combustion regimes were determined in the tests. In lean mixtures of hydrocarbon fuels, the critical compositions were not dependent on the tube size. On the rich side, a significant scale effect was observed. Effect of the basic flame properties, such as mixture expansion ratio, laminar flame thickness, and effective, activation energy on the critical conditions for strong flame acceleration is discussed.


In recent years, urban rail transit construction asks for the safety of project with strict requests, because of its difficulty, high risk and complexity characteristics. Henggang metro depot possess double using garage , DC1500 contact rail system, and cover property on the top of the garage, thus it will face greater challenge in safety management. According to above characteristics, this research puts forward the system security goals, principles, and establishes a set of safeguard system, which includes three aspects: the legal laws and regulations, the organization construction, and the technical method. The safeguard system will play an important and guiding role in government standard formation and metro-property development mode promotion in other cities.


In the development of silicon-based integrated optoelectronics,high efficient silicon-based light source is always the desired goal,however,the emission efficiency of silicon is very poor due to its indirect bandgap,saying nothing of stimulated emission.Then,many kinds of silicon-based materials system are explored to improve the emission efficiency of silicon, several important progresses have been made.Among the numerous silicon-based emission system,Ge/Si quantum dots is one of the approaches realizing siliconbased light-emitting devices due to its compatibility with standard CMOS processing and its wavelength covering the optical communication waveband,i.e,1.3~1.55 μm.However,the emission efficiency of this material is very low,more and more attention is paid to improve its emission efficiency.If a photonic crystal is introduced into the nc-Ge/Si material,not only the spontaneous emission of this material but also the extraction efficiency of photons can be changed, resulting in a greatly enhanced emission efficiency.In this paper,two types of photonic crystal structures including point defect cavity and band-edge perfect photonic crystal are introduced to the Ge/Si quantum dots to enhance its efficiency,and the principle of the emission enhancement is analyzed from(theory.) For the 1.5 μm wavelength material,some structure parameters of photonic crystal are obtained.It can be seen from the simulated results that single point defect cavity can achieve single-mode operation very well,but the volume of active material within this kind of cavity is very small,the emission efficiency is very low,too.Coupled defect cavity and H_2 cavity can increase the volume of active material included in the cavity.Moreover,comparing to H_2 cavity,the number of resonant cavity modes reduces and the peak intensity of main mode increases for coupled defect cavity,which is more apt to improve the emission efficiency of Ge/Si(quantum) dots.Band-edge photonic crystal is more easily fabricated because its size is large and no defects are introduced.


A technique to suppress the core-hole lifetime broadening in near- edge x-ray spectroscopy is presented. A simple theoretical explanation based on total energy conservation in the fluorescence process is given to explain the improved resolution. The experimental arrangement is shown together with an application to the L[sub III] edge of dysprosium. Furthermore, the application of high-resolution fluorescence spectroscopy in the study of magnetism is presented. The spin-resolved absorption spectra from MnF[sub 2] are shown as an example.


The present invention is a data flow, for example, provides a method and apparatus for filtering a broadcast data stream that can support Ipv6 packet. The present invention uses a common filter for the common packet segment of the Ipv6 packet 801. Corresponds to packets of the one set of rules to determine whether to be processed subsequently are applied to the filtered segments 809. The invention may be applied to numerous applications, including the Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) multicast service. Fire, protocol, filter


Using ensemble integrations of an Atmospheric General Circulation Model (AGCM) forced globally with observed sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies it is shown that the observed decadal variability of Indian monsoon rainfall (IMR) can be reproduced, although amplitudes are somewhat overestimated. A second AGCM ensemble forced only in the Indian Ocean region suggests that the local Indian Ocean SST forcing is contributing significantly to the decadal IMR variability. Here, cold (warm) equatorial SSTs cause low‐level divergence (convergence) that in turn modifies the local Hadley circulation and strengthens (weakens) the Indian monsoon circulation. This result is complementary to previous findings that IMR variability is mainly determined by an atmospheric teleconnection with ENSO.


Managing condition-based inspecting data of various electric equipments has to build a reasonable data model to organize data effectively.The article describes the framework of the data management system,its building of data model and its classifying of data system.Meantime,the procedure of data organization based on the model and classification is provided.


Within Computer Science (CS) education, women have long been underrepresented. In the UK, women make up less than 20% of CS students at A-Level and undergraduate level. The lack of diversity within CS has become well-studied, often through quantitative surveys of female CS students or evaluations of different pedagogical or cultural interventions aimed to increase diversity and inclusivity. However, there have been far fewer studies that explore the experiences of female CS students at a more in-depth, qualitative level. This paper reports on the results of 15 in-depth semi-structured interviews with first year female CS undergraduate students at a UK university. Several of our findings are consistent with much existing research, such as the prevalence of gendered CS stereotypes and a lack of confidence. However, we also find two key strategies by which female Computer Science students navigate their minority experience that have not been given much prior attention. Firstly, we find that female CS students find it hard to articulate their minority experience without utilising the linguistic device of hedging. Asked about their experiences as a minority, participants would often mention a negative feeling in relation to this situation, followed quickly by a diminishing clause- 'it's a bit weird, but it's ok'. Secondly, participants tended to individualise the problem, stressing the importance of their own individual responsibility to fit into CS and succeed, despite having sometimes experienced discrimination or sexism. We conclude by considering the implications of these findings for educators.


The article is devoted to monolinear and multilinear (pluralistic) methods relation in human civilization development studying. The author explains dialectical relation between monolinear and multilinear methods caused by the subject of research human civilization phenomenon.


TaON was found to be ca. 20 times more active as a visible light activated photocatalyst for the oxidation of methanol, when compared to the well studied UV-visible activated TiO2 (P25) catalyst.


Objective and objective coverage of cultural, scientific and technical relations of Uzbekistan with South Korea in the post-independence years. Processes of bilateral scientific and cultural cooperation between the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Republic of Korea. Cooperation with research institutions and universities.


In this paper, a novel lepidopteran insect images recognition method is proposed. The captured insect images are first preprocessed to separate the foreground from the complicated background. Then, two wings are cut out from the insect, calibrated and segmented into a number of superpixels. The values of l, a, b, x, y of each superpixel are calculated as feature descriptors. Those descriptors are encoded with locality-constrained linear coding and then pooled into a feature vector. Finally, the multi-class linear support vector machine is used for classification. The approach is testified in a data-set including 576 images of insect specimens from 10 different lepidopteran species and the recognition accuracy is over 99% in average. The experimental results suggested that the proposed method performs well in lepidopteran insect species recognition.


In this paper, a novel design of a surface topography measurement system is proposed, to address the challenge of accurate measurement in a relatively large area. This system was able to achieve nanometer-scale accuracy in a measurement range of 100 mm × 100 mm. The high accuracy in a relatively large area was achieved by implementing two concepts: (1) A static coordinate system was configured to minimize the Abbe errors. (2) A differential measurement configuration was developed by setting up a confocal sensor and a film interferometry module to separate the motion error. In order to accommodate the differential measurement probes from both sides of the central stage and ensure the system rigidity with balanced supports, separate linear guides were introduced in this system. Therefore, the motion Degree of Freedom (DoF) was analyzed in order to address the challenge of an over-constrained mechanism due to multiple kinematic pairs. An optimal configuration and a quick assembly process were proposed accordingly. The experimental results presented in this paper showed that the proposed modular measurement system was able to achieve 10 nm accuracy in measuring the surface roughness and 100 nm accuracy in measuring the step height in the range of 100 mm × 100 mm. In summary, the novel concept of this study is the build of a high-accuracy system with conventional mechanical components.


Abstract
Clinical death has been examined in rats. The time between severing the brain and spinal cord, and the disappearance of the ventricular complex on the electrocardiogram, has been measured. It is much longer in 1 week-old rats than in rats aged 4-56 weeks; it is also prolonged in bilateral pneumothorax and by artificial respiration (particularly if it is started before the animal stops breathing). It is also lengthened by intraperitoneal pentobarbitone, and by keeping the rats in an ambient temperature of 36°. The relevance of these findings to resuscitation of patients is discussed.


Synthesis of the title compound, C14 labeled CP-73,850 (zopolrestat), was accomplished by condensation of 1-phthalazineacetic acid, 3,-14C cyanomethyl-3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-, ethyl ester with 3-amino-4-mercapto-benzotrifluoride, followed by base hydrolysis of the resultant product, 1-phthalazineacetic acid, 3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-[[5-trifluoromethyl)-2-benzothiazolyl]14C methyl]-3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-, ethyl ester.


This article examines the structure, composition, and goals of Canadian development cooperation with Asian countries. Particular attention is devoted to analyzing the changing role of aid as Canada responds to the dynamics and dilemmas of Asian development. The author states that because Official Development Assistance (ODA) transfers cannot, of themselves, alleviate poverty or stimulate development momentum, and because shifting national priorities and fiscal constraints will lead to a likely decrease in future aid funding for Asia, these circumstances have pushed Canadian aid programs towards institution strengthening. The author concludes that aid strategies focusing on building the institutional capacity of developing countries to fulfil their respective development mandates appear to offer the most relevance to both the development challenges faced by Asian recipient countries and the goals of Canadian development assistance to Asia.


(meeting Mr Smith), and the population (length of time over which we propose to conduct the experiment) before we start the experiment We must not select an' interesting' set of data and try to work out thcr probability. That is quite arbitrary. It is just as arbitrary to start ?«ignirig a probability to a deviation from a mean, after it has occurred, as it is to start assigning a probability to an event, after it has occurred. The operative word here is' start'. We may indeed apply probability theory to past events. But we must define our population before we apply probability theory to any sample. We may not define our population after we have selected the sample, so as to start with the sample and perhaps include some convenient further tamplfr. That would correspond to a highly artificial population, and must be recognised as such. The authors do admit some of these considerations to a limited extent in their advice to new recruits (p. 171). But procedures cited as evidence (pp. 48 and 49, and again pp. 60, 63) offend even against these limited rules. This is a beautifully produced, well-organised textbook on the fauna reported from the land of psi. A classification of animal* that have eluded capture. These are strange animait, Arfm^A not by their anatomy, but by virtue of the occasions of their appearance. It is as if we were to define a halcyon as a kingfisher observed because the observer felt happy that day. We would never be sure that any particular kingfisher was a halcyon, and not a common lringfiinw. The existence of halcyons would be based on polls showing that happy people saw more kingfishers. But if no happy person could keep up a high kingfisher-score indefinitely, we would have to be very careful in the way we collected our bird-watcher statistics. We would have to take all bird-watchers we ever interviewed into account together, and not concentrate on high-scoring happy ones for some days.


This white paper describes a simple, efficient, and powerful EMC proven solution that enables small and medium size businesses to deploy up to 250 virtual desktops rapidly and cost-effectively.


Introduction Esophageal stenoses are frequent complications after esophageal atresia surgery as well as after acid, alkali and battery ingestion. Worldwide, repeated balloon dilatations are the most frequently performed procedures for these stenoses. In most cases the stenoses can be dilated sufficiently to allow adequate enteral nutrition. Until recently, age dependent esophageal lumen size has not been established; which was aim of the current study. Methods All children in whom an esophageal contrast imaging was performed between 1/2011 and 5/2021 were included. The width was measured by two investigators at two measuring points in two planes, the diameter was calculated and plotted against the respective weight of the child. Bland-Altmann plots have confirmed the validity of the measurements of both investigators. Results Esophagus diameter was measured in more than 100 children. The resulting curves show a very good correlation with weight (upper measuring point: r = 0.86743, p < 0.0001; lower measuring point: r = 0.80593, p < 0.0001). Conclusion These results are the first to define the esophageal diameter in children. The results of this study may guide physicians performing esophageal interventions including dilatations in future.


This article describes the importance of fitness (chiefly exercise) for top ranking executive leaders and for their respective organizations. The authors discuss how fitness can contribute to stamina, mental clarity, ability to cope with stress and a variety of other factors that can affect an executive's ability to lead. The authors support this premise by drawing on key research studies and actual accounts of top executives from a variety of business organizations. The authors feature information obtained from direct interviews with the year 2000 USA presidential candidates, Al Gore and George W. Bush. The authors view them as high profile models of how fitness can be given high priority for maintaining personal effectiveness for even the busiest executive leaders.


Connecting large blocks of renewable energy, especially wind and solar generation, to the transmission systems may degrade the power quality of these systems, increasing their harmonic distortion. Increased harmonic distortion in transmission systems and the appearance of subharmonics may be related to maltripping of protective relays. This paper presents the first results of the continuous power quality monitoring system for transmission systems that will make it possible to correlate the performance of the protection relays with the power quality present at the network. The implementation of this system follows the standards for future digital substations and the main recommendations for power quality parameters assessment.


One of the major objectives of the Indian Middle Atmosphere Program is to investigate the motions of the middle atmosphere on temporal and spatial scales and the interaction between the three height regions of the middle atmosphere. Realizing the fact that radar technique has proven to be a very powerful tool for the study of Earth atmosphere, the Indian Middle Atmosphere Program has recommended establishing a mesosphere-stratosphere-troposphere (MST) radar as a national facility for atmospheric research. The major landmarks in this attempt to setup the MST radar as a national facility are described.


Convex equations exist in different fields of research. As an example are the Hazen-Williams or Darcy-Weisbach head-loss formulas and chlorine decay in water supply systems. Pure linear programming (LP) cannot be directly applied to these equations and heuristic techniques must be used. This study presents a methodology for linearization of increasing or decreasing convex nonlinear equations and their incorporation into LP optimization models. The algorithm is demonstrated on the Hazen-Williams head-loss equation combined with a LP optimal operation water supply model. The Hazen-Williams equation is linearized between two points along the nonlinear flow curve. The first point is a fixed point optimally located in the expected flow domain according to maximum flow rate expected in the pipe (estimated through maximum flow velocities and pipe diameter). The second point is the calculated flow rate in the pipe resulting from the previous iteration step solution. In each iteration step, the linear coefficients are altered according to the previous step's flow rate result and the fixed point. The solution gradually converges closer to the nonlinear head-loss equation results. The iterative process stops once both an optimal solution is attained and a satisfactory approximation is received. The methodology is demonstrated using simple and complex example applications. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000275. © 2013 American Society of Civil Engineers. CE Database subject headings: Optimization; Water distribution systems; Chlorine; Water supply. Author keywords: Convex; Optimization; Water distribution systems; Optimal operation; Successive linearization; Head loss.


The use of Social Media is increasingly developing in Indonesia, causing many companies to be interested in using social media as an easy marketing tool and can add value to the product. Mobilkuis a mobile application-based digital information service startup that will be launched in the near future. To be known to the public, Mobilkuneeds a good marketing strategy. One of them is through Social Media marketing. So that my car needs proper social media strategy planning. The 4 most appropriate platforms used by Mobilkuto do Social media marketing are: Instagram, Youtube, Twitter and Facebook. We recommend that Mobilkusocial media marketing be done 3 times a day and the best time at 09.00 -12.59, 13.00 -15.59, and 16.00 -18.59. My car should make advertisements by offering discounts, ads with interesting photos, advertisements by providing clear information, advertisements often appearing, and ads with attractive advertising designs


Based on some fieldwork and geochemical analyses in recent years,the metallogenic setting,major types,basic geological characteristics,time-space distribution and metallogeneses of polymetallic deposits(occurrences) in the Qimantage metallogenic belt,Eastern Kunlun area are described briefly in this paper.The ore-forming elements are comprehensive and dominated by Fe,Cu, Pb,Zn,Mo,W,Sn and Au.Several various styles of polymetallic mineralization in the Qimantage metallogenic belt have been recognized and Clasified into the skarn-type deposit,porphyry deposit,hydrothermal superimposed strata-bound deposit and hypothermal deposit.Two important mineralization ages of both Middle-Late Triassic and early Paleozoic for polymetallic deposits are determined in the belt.For Middle to Late Triassic porphyry and skarn-type deposits,the ore-forming materials were mainly derived from magmatic and carbonate-bearing strata,and ore-forming fluids came chiefly from magmatic fluids;and both of them belong to products of the same tectonomagmatic cycle of Triassic period,although they formed in different stage,different depth and different place.


with which he deals. Consequently, the book is not one which it is possible to skim through in an idle hour. There is not always an apparent thread of argument running through the chapters, or an obvious guiding principle upon which one may rest and survey the almost limitless field of detail. The author's conception is, however, apparent in the following extract from the preface:?" If the physiological condition of states of consciousness of central or cerebral origin, and those states of consciousness of peripheral origin, internal or external, are


This report describes a prototype system for monitoring and conditioning fundamental frequency, the acoustic correlate of a speaker's perceived voice pitch. While deviant pitch may be the cause or effect of laryngeal pathology (Boone, 1971), many children and adults, including retardates and the emotionally disturbed, maintain deviant pitch levels unrelated to structural or physiological deficits (Perkins, 1971). A voice that is too high or low pitched for a person's age or sex may be defined as an appropriate target behavior for applied behavioral analysis; the system described treats vocal pitch as a response that can be controlled by its consequences. Moore and Holbrook (1971) described a system that is somewhat similar in principle and function, and the interested reader is encouraged to consult their report for a review of some experimental data. Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the system. Essentially, a General Radio Wave Analyzer 1900A (General Radio Company, West Concord, Massachusetts) is used as a highly selective narrow band-pass filter network. The subject's speech is fed into this network, which can be tuned to a specified frequency, f%. The output voltage, V0, of the wave analyzer is proportional, at any instant, to how close the input frequency, f, is to f.. If f = f., V. = 3 volts; for f < f,1.5 Hz or f > f0 + 1.5 Hz, V. is approximately zero. Thus, the wave analyzer creates a "frequency window" of 3-Hz width centered at f.. The output voltage of the wave analyzer is used to drive the electronic switch system described in Figure 2.2 This system supplies 110 v to the elapsed time meter and frequency dependent light only when the subject's speaking frequency is within the chosen frequency window; when f. is outside the window, the switch turns the time meter and frequency dependent light off. Thus, the elapsed time meter accumulates only during those periods when the subject's speech frequency is within the chosen window. A timer is used to obtain speech-sample trials of uniform length from a subject. When the timer is started, it energizes a light in the soundproof room signalling


Abstract Subsidies based on agricultural production are a common form of subsidies in many countries, both less developed (due to their economic difficulties in achieving a satisfactory level of food self-sufficiency) and highly developed. However, at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, this support was not so popular. It was only in the second decade that it began to be restored, which is sometimes referred to as recoupling. The COViD-19 pandemic and the Ukrainian–Russian war are undoubtedly two important circumstances that have increased interest in these subsidies. Therefore, it is important to identify theoretical and socio-political justifications for using these subsidies and the problems related to preparing schemes for determining their unit rates. After conducting the analysis, it turned out that the microeconomic theory rather provides arguments against the wide use of agricultural production subsidies. The justifications for pursuing a policy which refers to the difficulties in particular sectors of agriculture are also unconvincing. The calculation of unit payment rates is a challenge due to the lack of a solid methodology and sufficiently reliable source data.

http://www.zer.waw.pl/pdf-152475-80769?filename=KEY PROBLEMS OF USING.pdf


In the present study, the performance of Dez Reservoir, its regulatory and downstream diversion dams are studied using the system dynamics method (SD) in the Vensim software. In the first step, all the effective parameters with their relationship were identified and then the simulation was carried out considering the minimum and maximum reservoir volume and downstream demand over an eight-year period (2006–2013). After model validation, the statistical indices of correlation coefficient (R), root mean square error (RMSE), and standard error (SE) for the reservoir volume were calculated as 0.99, 3.1690, and 0.18, respectively. The statistical indices for the regulatory dam were 0.98, 7.51, and 0.13, respectively. These statistical indices were 0.92, 4.71, and 0.37 for the diversion dam. The achieved results showed that the SD-simulated releases met downstream demands and the SD method has high accuracy in simulating the performance of the surface tank system. Moreover, for a better evaluation of the results of the SD model, the eight-year Dez dam releases were optimized using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, and the required deficiency values were evaluated in both SD and PSO models. Results showed that SD provides more appropriate planning in meeting the downstream demands than PSO.


The invention relates to a synchronous flashing lamp low-power-consumption realization method. A hardware terminal of a synchronous flashing lamp is formed by a microprocessor, a power module, a GPS/Beidou module, an LED lamp cap, a photosensitive sensor and light quality dial code and a communication interface. The microprocessor is internally provided with a light quality control structure register of the lamp, and a shutdown duration timer Shutdown of a GPS/ Beidou circuit; synchronous flashing time detection and synchronous flashing control operation of the lamp is finished in the PPS signal INT interrupt service; when the synchronous flashing control operation is carried out, the microprocessor assigns the timer Shutdown; the microprocessor carries out judgment and subtraction processing on the timer Shutdown in a timing interruption service program; and if the Shutdown is 0, controlling the GPS/ Beidou circuit to be powered on, and if the Shutdown is not 0, controlling the GPS/ Beidou circuit to be powered off. A synchronous flashing effect can be realized; and the GPS power source can be turned off for a certain time after synchronization, and is then, powered on before next synchronization, thereby effectively reducing overall power consumption.


Abstract Use of solid state ionic conductors the so-called Solid Electrolytes has brought new impetus to the field of solid state memories namely resistive random access memory (Re-RAM). In this review article, to begin we present the detailed understanding on the basics of solid electrolytes. Later, the same has been reviewed focusing on its application in novel solid state memory applications. Few examples of solid electrolytes are considered and their impact on the state-of-art research in this domain is discussed in detail. An in-depth analysis on the fundamentals of Resistive switching mechanism involved in various classes of Memristive devices viz., Electrochemical Metallization Memories (ECM) and Valence change Memories (VCM). A few important applications of Memristors such as Neuristor and artificial synapse in neuromorphic computing are reviewed as well. Finally, the most anticipated energy efficient battery-like cells as artificial synapse in brain-inspired computing is also covered.


EHP was fortunate to have Steve Kleeberger and Matt Longnecker step up to serve with me as interim deputy editors in the absence of a full-time permanent editor. Steve and Matt have given generously of their time, expertise, and energy in helping to maintain EHP 's scientific quality during a time of transition. Given EHP's broad scope of coverage, however, we felt the need to likewise broaden the scope of our science editorial expertise. Thus, we are pleased to welcome aboard two additional interim deputy editors. Michael P. Waalkes is a senior research toxicologist with the National Cancer Institute, where he serves as chief of the Inorganic Carcinogenesis Section, which is part of the Laboratory of Comparative Carcinogenesis stationed at the NIEHS campus in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Mike received his PhD in pharma-cology and toxicology from West Virginia University. His postdoctoral studies at the University of Kansas School of Medicine focused on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of acquired tolerance to metal toxicity. His current research involves defining the mechanisms of action of the carcinogenic inorganics, including arsenic, lead, and cadmium. Mike is currently an adjunct professor of molecular toxicology at Duke University and an active member of the Society of Toxicology. He has been the editor of Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology since 2000 and serves on the editorial boards of Toxicology, the Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, and Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods. Stephanie London is a senior investigator in the NIEHS Epidemiology Branch with a joint appointment in the Laboratory of Respiratory Biology. She received her MD and her DrPH degree in epidemiology from Harvard University. She completed a residency in internal medicine at the Massachusetts General Hospital and a residency in occupational and environmental medicine at Harvard, and is board certified in both fields. Stephanie was an assistant professor at the University of Southern California School of Medicine from 1989 through 1995, where she was part of a small team of investigators who founded a landmark study of health effects of air pollution in schoolchildren known as the Children's Health Study. She came to the NIEHS in 1995. Her work focuses on genetics and interactions between genetics, diet, and environmental pollutants in relation to asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Stephanie is an editor for Epidemiology and has served on the editorial board of the American Journal of Epidemiology. I would also like to take …


The work develops a high-accuracy viscous analysis of nonlinear aeroelastic interaction of a Micro Air Vehicle's (MAV) wing section with a non-uniform, unsteady upstream flow. In the implemented iterative procedure, a set of governing Navier-Stokes equations is solved simultaneously with nonlinear equations of motion of the structure, so that the fluid and structure are treated as a coupled dynamic system. The numerical procedure employs a highorder low-pass filter operator which selectively damps the poorly resolved high-frequency content to retain numerical accuracy and stability over a wide range of flow regimes. An efficient analytical model is used to introduce an unsteady incompressible 2D vortical flow perturbation inside the computational domain through a source term in the momentum equations. Strongly coupled, nonlinear unsteady aerodynamic and structural responses of an elasticallymounted, rigid airfoil subject to a viscous upstream flow with imposed harmonic, high-amplitude vortical gust are examined in a test study, with focus on the wing section transition to limit cycle oscillations (LCO).


OBJECTIVE
To establish the HPCE chromatogram of prepared products of Rhizoma Coptidis (RC) for analyzing the difference of Alkaloids in RC prepared by different methods, in order to offering reference for studies on the preparing mechanism.

METHOD
The chromatograms were obtained by HPCE, in which the background electrolyte was 0.05 mol x L(-1) Na2B4O7-H3PO4 (pH 7.0) containing 35% MeOH. The voltage was 15 kV, the detection wavelength was 225 nm, and the samples were developed at room temperature. The correlation relativity of retention time and peak area of each chromatographic peak in different prepared samples were explored, respectively, and benzyl tri-ethyl ammonium chloride was chosen as the reference to calculate the relative retention time and the ratio of peak area for each chromatographic peak.

RESULT
Eight co-possessing peaks were selected as the characteristic of different prepared products of RC. The relative area of the same peak in different prepared products were distinct, but the area ratio of the 8 peaks in each product prepared with the same method was a relative constancy basically.

CONCLUSION
It is proved that the new method is stable and reliable. It can be used as the characteristic chromatogram of the prepared RC, and it can be useful in the quality control of this material.


This paper addresses the issue of applying computer algebra to advanced state space analysis problems. The exact solution of matrix Lyapunov equations which allow the computation of system gramians was carried out using a computer algebra system (MapleV). Even for simple examples, the calculations involved are complex, tedious and error prone. MapleV provides symbolic and numerical results, quickly and efficiently.


Abstract The Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4)/myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD‐2) innate immunity system is a membrane receptor of paramount importance as therapeutic target. Its assembly, upon binding of Gram‐negative bacteria lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and also dependent on the membrane composition, finally triggers the immune response cascade. We have combined ab‐initio calculations, molecular docking, all‐atom molecular dynamics simulations, and thermodynamics calculations to provide the most realistic and complete 3D models of the active full TLR4 complex embedded into a realistic membrane to date. Our studies give functional and structural insights into the transmembrane domain behavior in different membrane environments, the ectodomain bouncing movement, and the dimerization patterns of the intracellular Toll/Interleukin‐1 receptor domain. Our work provides TLR4 models as reasonable 3D structures for the (TLR4/MD‐2/LPS)2 architecture accounting for the active (agonist) state of the TLR4, and pointing to a signal transduction mechanism across cell membrane. These observations unveil relevant molecular aspects involved in the TLR4 innate immune pathways and will promote the discovery of new TLR4 modulators.


We study the vanishing viscosity/diffusivity limit for the transport equation of a passive scalar $f(x,t)\in\mathbb{R}$ along a divergence-free vector field $u(x,t)\in\mathbb{R}^2$, given by $\frac{\partial f}{\partial t} + \nabla\cdot (u f) = 0$; and the associated advection-diffusion equation of $f$ along $u$ for positive viscosity/diffusivity parameter $\nu>0$, expressed by $\frac{\partial f}{\partial t} + \nabla\cdot (u f) -\nu\Delta f = 0$. We demonstrate failure of the vanishing viscosity limit of the advection-diffusion equation to select unique solutions, or to select entropy-admissible solutions, to transport along $u$. First, we construct a bounded divergence-free vector field $u$ which admits, for each (non-constant) initial datum, two weak solutions to the initial value problem for the transport equation. Moreover, we show that both these solutions are renormalised weak solutions, and are strong limits along different subsequences of vanishing viscosity of solutions to the corresponding advection-diffusion equation. Second, we construct a second bounded divergence-free vector field $u$ admitting, for any initial datum, a weak solution to the transport equation which is perfectly mixed to its spatial average, and after some delay in time, it unmixes to its initial state. Moreover, we show that this entropy-inadmissible unmixing is the unique weak vanishing viscosity limit of the corresponding advection-diffusion equation.


In this chapter, the use and development of wireless communication for the ground forces is considered in some detail. The equipment and operations problems of both the Navy and the RAF are considered in later chapters. Here, the tactical and operational developments for the Army are described, paying particular attention to the new techniques and problems which emerged for ground communications, for which no counterpart existed in civilian life.


Based on a single specimen (49.9 mm SL) collected from Incheon River estuary, southwestern Korea, Gymnogobius cylindricus was described as the first record from Korea as well as the westernmost record of the world. The species is characterized by having a large maxilla extend far beyond posterior margin of eye, dorsal fin with VI-I, 12 rays, anal fin with I, 11 rays, and without dark blotches and dots on lower part of body and caudal fin, respectively. A new Korean name, "Ga-neunsal-mang-dug" is proposed for the species.


The World Weather Program which is composed of the World Weather Watch, the Global Atmospheric Research Program, and the Systems Design and Technological Development Program is presented. The U.S. effort for improving the national weather services through advances in science, technology and expanded international cooperation during FY 72 are described. The activities of the global Atmospheric Research Program for last year are highlighted and fiscal summary of U.S. programs is included.


In this paper, linear and nonlinear waves of axisymmetric problem in shallow water are discussed in symplectic system, Hamiltonian formulation. In the system, dual equations are derived recurring to the dual relationship between the velocity potential function and the elevation of the free surface. Diversified orders of Hamiltonian approximations are shown. The axisymmetric solution of travelling waves is obtained aid the equations and adjoint relationships of the symplectic orthogonality, therefore the problem of axisymmetric wave source can be described by the solution and characteristics of the wave radiating can be revealed. Numerical examples give wave radiating and reflecting in some typical regions with the aid of this wave source.


Summary

As in other temperate species, the quince tree (Cydonia oblonga) shows different phenological stages throughout its vegetative growth period in response to changing temperatures. Two cultivars were studied, and 15 phenological stages were identified during their annual cycle, starting at bud dormancy and ending at leaf fall a year later. The different phenological stages were classified according to the BBCH General Scale and Fleckinger's code. The length of all the stages was measured in days and as cumulative day degrees. This study of the quince tree might aid to prevent and deal with any potential physiological and pathological disorders.


Buying patterns of the country Pakistan has been investigated in regards to high and low involvement products. The investigation has taken various economic indicators namely inflation rate, unemployment rate, interest rate (average) and per capita income (MP) into account. The data years 1991 – 2010 of said economic indicators and high and low involvement products consumption has been analyzed and reported. The results draw to conclusion that unemployment rate, per capita income, inflation and interest rate have an irregular (fluctuating) tendency for the dissimilar time periods. While in the existence of the shocking and fluctuating trends of the outlined economic players consumption patterns of high and low involvement products co move with each other which implies that no matter, the consumers are rich or poor, they have the same buying aptitude for high (diamond) and low (bread) involvement products in the presence of inflation or hyperinflation or the other shocks in macroeconomic players in Pakistani society.


The Investigation of Play and Literacy of Western Australian Indigenous children resulted in the development of the first culturally appropriate assessment of pretend play and social pretend play for Australian Indigenous children. Understanding relationships between pretend play, social pretend play and literacy in the Indigenous context has potential to inform therapy and educational practices.


Co-ordinating groups to carry out a complex task is difficult in the real world and equally challenging in the simulated battlefield. This paper outlines the core of a framework, based on theories from multi-agent systems, which is used to support group behaviours. It makes use of military institutions such as the command structure, and the associated norms and conventions.


We prove an existence result for twisted Kahler-Einstein metrics, assuming an appropriate twisted K-stability condition. An improvement over earlier results is that certain non-negative twisting forms are allowed.


Among the 5 types of intrapartum hypoxia of the fetus is proposed to allocate compression circulatory hypoxia of the brain (CCHB). The relationship between the CCHB and the stages of the fetal head configuration is considered. When a fetal head is pressed, three successively developing s tages are distinguished: 1) Stage of the physiological configuration of the head, 2) Stage of the CCHB and 3) Stage of the birth trauma (BT) of the skull.


Based on the fanqie spellings of the Dunhuang Maoshiyin(phonetic annotations to the Book of Odes)fragments S.2729 and P.3383,this paper assumes a principle that the first character of fanqie(representing initial consonant)is ordinarily in accordance with the annotated word with respect to the distinction of kai(syllables with no rounded medial vowel)and he(syllables with a rounded medial vowel)in Ancient Chinese.It also provides statistic analyses to support the principle and shows how to apply the principle to the reconstruction of the phonemic value of some finals in Ancient Chinese.


In 2001, China revised its "Trade Mark Law" for the purpose of fulfilling its commitment to the WTO to achieve the coordination between its "Trade Mark Law" and the regulations made by the WTO. This commitment includes the affirmation of the priority principle applied to trade mark application, the protection of famous trade marks and the implementation of the principle of making legal examinations into the decisions made by the final administrative departments.


A f r i c a i s the home of a large number of arboviruses which pose a great danger to the world i n general and to A f r i c a i n p a r t i c u l a r . These viruses include yellow f e v e r . Lassa, Marburg, Ebola , R i f t Val ley fever and to a lesser extent Congo-Crimean haemorrhagic fever . These diseases have occurred mainly i n t r o p i c a l A f r i c a n countries with a large number of mammalian fauna and arthropods.


We present a fuzzy evidential reasoning algorithm in light of the Dempster-Shafer evidence theory and the K-nearest neighbor algorithm for pattern classification. Given an input pattern to be classified, each of its K nearest neighbors is viewed as an evidence source, in terms of a fuzzy evidence structure. The distance between the input pattern and each of its K nearest neighbors is used for mass determination while the contextual information of the nearest neighbor in the training sample space is formulated by a fuzzy set in determining a fuzzy focal element. Therefore, pooling evidence provided by neighbors is realized by a fuzzy evidential reasoning, where feature selection is further considered through ranking and adaptive combination of neighbors. A fast implementation scheme of the fuzzy evidential reasoning is also developed. Experimental results of classifying multichannel remote sensing images have shown that the proposed approach outperforms the K-nearest neighbor (K-NN) algorithm [T.M. Cover et al. (1967)], the fuzzy K-nearest neighbor (F-KNN) algorithm [J.M. Keller et al. (1985)], the evidence-theoretic K-nearest neighbor (E-KNN) algorithm [T. Denoex (1995)], and the fuzzy extended version of E-KNN (FE-KNN) [L.M. Zouhal et al. (1997)], in terms of the classification accuracy and insensitivity to the number K of nearest neighbors.


The Joint Spectrum of Polarization and Space is constructed for the first time, which can depict the EM signal more completely. Based on the polarization sensitive antenna array, the joint spectrum is defined and the analytic function of joint spectrum is presented by MUSIC method. The discrimination power of joint spectrum is discussed theoretically in details. The polarization domain does not provide the same resolution capabilities as the other domains, when exploited alone. The simulations verify the superiority of the joint spectrum and coincide with the theoretical analysis. It is shown that the joint spectrum outperforms the spatial spectrum in characteristic detection and estimation.


Management of intermittent exotropia raises several concerns, regarding the indication for surgery, timing of the surgery, and the type of surgical procedure. This article attempts to highlight the controversial aspects of surgical management of intermittent exotropia and the consensus, in light of current evidence.


Kernel functions (kernel) are key part and the hard issue of support vector machines. We research the relation of kernel functions and nonlinear mappings and mapped spaces. A new kind of admissible support vector machines kernel is presented. It is autocorrelation kernel. The theory proofs certify that autocorrelation functions are admissible support vector machines kernel. Several experiments also showed the validity of the autocorrelation kernel in classification and regression.


:
Gellan gum is an extracellular polysaccharide secreted by the micro-organism Sphingomonas elodea (ATCC 31461) previously referred to as Pseudomonas elodea. Commercially it is manufactured by a fermentation process. It is available in two forms, high acyl (HA) and low acyl (LA). Gellan gum forms gels at low concentrations when hot solutions are cooled in the presence of gel promoting cations. An overview of the manufacturing process and chemical structure of gellan gum is given. The functional differences between the two forms of gellan gum are reviewed in detail with regard to hydration, gelation, stability and texture. Methods for the effective preparation of gellan gum solutions and gels are described for the high and low acyl forms. The effects of food ingredients such as salts, sugars, and acids on gel properties are discussed in relation to the main applications. Finally, the main applications of gellan gum in food are described with example formulations.


The discussion on terrorism is currently focused on issues concerning law enforcement efforts, cooperation between defense institutions, analysis of legal policies, and definitions of terrorism. Women (especially wives) are excluded from the process of dialogue and response to terrorism. This study emphasizes the experience and voice of the wives of former convicted terrorists. This article explores the process of upheaval and negotiation from the extremist narratives contained in the logic of thinking as a struggle in the context of self-acceptance and autonomy. This study uses a case study approach with a feminist perspective, and in-depth interviews as a method of data collection. The feminist view of Relational Autonomy and the Politics of Piety was chosen as a theoretical framework for analyzing findings. The results of the study indicate that there is an indoctrination from the husband about the teachings of extremism and that the wife experiences a struggle to internalize the teaching. On the other hand, there are also findings that show wives also negotiate with their husbands in carrying out the teachings of extremism. The conclusion of this study shows that the wife's figure experiences the process of constructivism and relational autonomy in the struggle process and its negotiations so far. In addition, the wife can also be seen as an agent to strengthen the spirit of nationalism through the values of tolerance.


: "Nanocomposite Materials" is a compulsory course for undergraduate students in materials chemistry and an important professional foundation course. The aim is to enable students to master the basic theory, preparation methods, characteristic research, characterization techniques, applications of nanomaterials, and some new nanomaterial applications of nanomaterials, and to strengthen their dynamic grasp of relevant cutting-edge research at home and abroad. In response to the pain points and problems in previous teaching work of the curriculum, we have deepened teaching reform from four aspects: talent cultivation mode, curriculum system construction, educational teaching methods, and experimental teaching mode. This not only improves the teaching quality and learning effectiveness of the curriculum, but also improves the cultivation mode of high-level and elite talents. It has important demonstration and promotion significance for the construction of relevant courses in the School of Materials Science and Engineering.


The loss of inter‐neuron communication is related to many neuronal diseases such as Alzheimer's dementia. The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) plays a crucial role in this process and is severely affected upon disease progression. Successful therapy approaches rely on modulation of response signals, initiated by the flux of ions through the receptor integrated ion channel at the post‐synaptic membrane. We present here the comparison of two methods for calculating the energy barrier of nAChR mediated ion permeation, in terms of accuracy and performance. Detailed descriptions of archetypical Gromacs characteristics are given offering better insight into computational service providers to meet the needs of scientists. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


This paper proposes a new smart supervisor controller (SSC) for load frequency control (LFC). The smart supervisor controller makes a smart selection between two different controllers to combine the advantages of each one. There are some controllers are simple for implementation such as proportional-integral (PI) controller but may have some drawback when the complexity in the system increases. This drawback may be due to the design method of gain selection of the PI controller. The design method may make the PI controller reduces the maximum overshoot of the system response but the settling time increases. In contrary, another different design method may make the PI controller reduces the settling time of the system response but the maximum overshoot increases. The proposed SSC makes a smart selection between the different PI controllers based on the advantage of each design method which can add it to the system. A two-area interconnected power system is considered to realize this study. Simulation results confirm on the better performance of the proposed SSC compared to the genetic algorithm (GA)-based PI controller and bacterial foraging optimization algorithm (BFOA)-based PI controller over a wide range of load changes and system parameters uncertainties. Index Terms Load frequency control (LFC), smart supervisor controller (SSC), proportional-integral (PI) controller


Abstract Among optical field effect phenomena of known solid state materials, only three are suitable for alphanumeric displays: (i) electric field switching of the spontaneous birefringence, (ii) electric field induced birefringence and (iii) electric field switching of the spontaneous optical rotatory power (electrogyration). The birefringence effects are necessarily coupled with mechanical deformations, whereas electrogyration is not. Among the known ferroelectrics, only a few, Gd2(MoO4)3, boracites, Bi4Ti3O12, BaTiO3 and PLZT come close to meet the requirements for alphanumeric displays. For large scale production, the development of shear free or very low shear compositions-for single crystals, layers and ceramics-appears mandatory. Possibilities will be discussed. Some PLZT compositions are in an advanced development state.


The aim of this article is to analyze the determinants of the probability of being in the labor force and the number of working hours per week of persons over the age of 60 in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil, in 2000. The study pays special attention to the influence of the health of elderly persons on their participation in the labor force. The dataset used in this study is the SABE, a survey on Health, Well-Being, and Aging in Latin America and the Caribbean, with funding from the Pan American Health Organization. To control the bias of endogeneity resulting from the relationship between a person's state of health and his or her participation on the labor market, the Instrumental Variable method is used. Various measures of health were used in order to analyze different effects of the condition of the health of elderly persons in the labor supply. The results indicate that, among men, variables representing economic status carry considerable weight in explaining their participation in the labor supply. Among women, variables more closely related to family composition are important in explaining the results of the estimations. Having poor health means less probability of being active and of working a greater number of hours per week. Among men, the results of the models related to health conditions estimated by instruments suggest that the effect of participating in the labor force for the elderly could be negative to their health. This may be because of possible truly negative affects on health, or because the working elderly have better schooling and better economic status. This means that they use health services more frequently and are able to describe their health problems more clearly.


Spatial pattern of metapopulation is one of the focuses of modem ecology.In this paper,I discuss and simulate the influences of Allee effect,overcrowding effect and predation effect on the spatial distribution of metapopulation by cellular automata based on lattice model and ordinary differential equations.The Allee effect indicates scarcity in reproductive opportunities that cause negative growth rates below a critical density threshold,which may arise from a number of sources such as difficulties in finding mates,social dysfunction and inbreeding depression.The overcrowding effect is a regulation of population growth by behavioral abnormalities caused by malfunction of the endocrine glands,which themselves occur in response to overcrowding.I constructed three spatially explicit models:local interaction model (CIM),distance sensitive model (DSM) and metapopulation model with predation (MMP).The empty patches of CIM are pyramid like in one dimensional habitat;two dimensional CIM shows a periodic phenomenon and the heterogeneity incurred by spatial chaos.Results of DSM show the overcrowding effect can lead to complex dynamics and bimodal distribution determined by the intensity of density dependence in immigrants.These results illustrate the complexity of dynamics can indicate not only the character of focal specie,but also the ability of persistence and the risk to extinction.MMP is a spatial probability transitional model and obtains a self organization pattern of probability distribution.In order to comprehend the change of distribution pattern with parameters and scales,I simulated the model under different parameters and scales.The results show that the systematical internal mechanisms and the self organization patterns lead to "predator group" or "killer group",with unobvious congeries and high diffusivity and low level colonization and high level extinction.In addition,this character makes the predator inhabit in the central zone,with prey population distributed between the edge and the center circularly.It also illustrates the important significance of scale in ecological researches,in which different scales can result in distinctive system patterns.


From the point of view of international politics, the relinquishment of the Philippines is an event of capital importance. According to some British opinion, it means the withdrawal of the United States to Hawaii and the abandonment of our position as a power in the Far East, with the result that the British navy would be left alone as a counterweight to the rapidly increasing power of Japan, whose attitude on her naval position in the East has recently been made abundantly clear at London. This change is more apparent than real. Even before the limitations on fortifications imposed by Article XIX of the Washington Naval Treaty, a considerable weight of naval opinion in the United States held that we could not retain the Philippines in the face of a hostile attack. Even if this were not the case, the provisions of the Philippine Act do not automatically alter our naval position in the islands, even at the end of the ten-year period. However, Section 11 of the act contains a highly important provision:


We propose an algorithm for tracking blood vessel segments in Computed Tomographic (CT) images. Our procedure first finds core points that tend to concentrate along the centerlines of vessels. Intuitively, the core points are centers of intensity plateaus in two-dimensional slices through the input image. The starting and the end point of the desired vessel (S and E) are also considered core points. The weighted core graph is built by connecting nearby core points with edges. Edge weights are designed so that edges of large weights are unlikely to follow a vessel segment. We compute the shortest path connecting S and E in the core graph. The output is the result of applying shortcutting operations to this path.


Aim To investigate the effects of genistein and quercetin on the proliferation of mammary cancer cells in vitro.Methods Effects of genistein and quercetin on the cell proliferation were tested in ER-positive MCF-7 cell,T47D cell and ER-negative MDA-MB231 cell by MTT measurement.The estrogen-like effect of genistein and quercetin and their relation with the estrogen-receptor were evaluated by pure estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182780 as a tool.Cell cycle was examined by flow cytometry.Results Quercetin and genistein stimulated proliferation of ER-positive MCF-7 cell and T47D cell compared with solvent control,whereas ER-negative MDA-MB231 cell proliferation effect was inhibited,and the cell cycle was impulsed from G1 to S,DNA synthesizing was inhanced,and PI was also increased.The above function on boosting MCF-7 cell proliferation could be inhibited by adding estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182780.Conclusions Genistein and quercetin have the estrogen-like activities through the estrogen response pathway.


In inner product spaces the Ptolemaic inequality (1) and the quadrilateral inequality (2) are well known. By using the identity (3), we derive here (2) from (1). The rest of the paper is devoted to some comments on (1), (2), (3).


Partial molar volumes of oxalic acid and its salts, viz., ammonium oxalate, sodium oxalate and potassium oxalate, have been determined in different compositions of water-rich binary aqueous mixtures of methanol (3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 wt. percent of methanol) from solution density measurements at 298.15 K and in 3% (w/w) methanol + water at different temperatures. The data have been analysed by using Masson equation and the obtained parameters have been interpreted in terms of ion-solvent and ion-ion interactions. The partial molar volumes vary with temperature as a power series of temperature. Structure making/breaking capacities of the electrolytes have been inferred from the sign of ([∂ 2 φ 0 v /∂T 2 ) p , i.e. the second derivative of partial molar volume with respect to temperature at constant pressure. Oxalic acid and its salts act as structure breakers in binary aqueous mixtures of methanol.


Memorandum of Understanding between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the Republic of Indonesia on Multilateral Trade Negotiations (with exchange of letters of 20 and 27 December 1979 and related letter of 21 February 1980). Jakarta, 29 November 1979


: Among the Chronicles of the Indias there is a subgroup whose textual richness has not been acknowledged yet. With this I refer to the half-blooded chronicles, which are texts that combine the indigenous and the western traditions, made up of aborigins, half-blooded people and/or friars who compile information about the American aborigins. These chronicles present a different speech which, in spite of the thematic, rethorical and ideological similarities with other texts, conform a complex and different subject of enunciation and show a tense convergence of traditions. This time, and in memory of the 500 years of the fall of Tenochtitlan, I set out to revisit the stories and retellings about the "conquest of México" in the Novohispanic half-blooded chronicles. A thorough re-reading of the stories of Diego Muñoz Camargo, Juan Bautista Pomar, Cristóbal del Castillo, Fernando de Alva Ixtlilxóchitl, Hernando de Alvarado Tezozomoc, Domingo Francisco San Antón Muñón Chimalpahin, Diego Durán and Bernardino de Sahagún will allow us to enter the complexity of the Latin American colonial archive and reflect on how it has been studied, read and conceptualised.


The suspended load in rivers affects the survival and growth of animals and plants,and causes ecological pollution as well,threatening the health of river ecosystem.The aquatic vegetation can mitigate the ecological threat caused by suspended load.In order to explore the mechanism of environmental and ecological effect of aquatic vegetation and make full use of it,we carried out laboratory experiments in a flume;the principles of sediment incipient motion inhibition,sediment transport slowdown,and sediment stop acceleration by submerged vegetation were explained from the aspects of time-average velocity,turbulence intensity and shear stress,etc..The experimental results showed that in the range of plant density in the experiments,the relationship between plant density and suspended sediment settling rate was non-linear.Therefore,when the submerged vegetation(tape grass) is applied in the regulation of suspended sediment flow,appropriate plant density should be adopted so as to fully realize its effect and save the cost.


Frohman et al. (1960a, 1960b, 1961, 1962) have investigated the effect of plasma of schizophrenic patients on carbohydrate metabolism. They measured the production of lactate and pyruvate by the nucleated red cells of the chicken after incubation with patients' plasma. After incubation with plasma from schizophrenic patients, the lactate/pyruvate ratio was raised significantly above the ratio found after incubation with plasma from normal subjects. This observation was interpreted as evidence of an inhibition of aerobic metabolism induced by the plasma of schizophrenic patients. We report here an attempt to confirm these findings.


Status characteristics theories attempt to explain the emergence of observable power and prestige hierarchies in informal task groups based on the perceived performance expectations connoted by differential ranks on status characteristics. Generally, these theories have assumed that the task performance expectation-formation processes operate similarly regardless of whether the status characteristic has been made explicitly relevant to the task or not. An alternative theoretical model is presented that predicts the corresponding decision processes to differ. Using discrete-time, discrete-state event-history techniques to reanalyze Moore's (1968) data, the prediction that the processes are not the same is supported, with characteristics made explicitly relevant being more relied on than characteristics n,ot made explicitly relevant. The implications regarding the vulnerability of the effects of characteristics of different degrees of relevance to being overridden or eliminated are discussed.


The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aging on gait parameters at two different speed conditions in Japanese females. This study involved 42 healthy Japanese females who were divided into three groups: (1) 14 younger females, mean age 22.3 ± 1.6 years, (2) 14 older females (65 to 75 years old), mean age 70.7 ± 1.8 years, and (3) 14 very old females (≥ 76 years old), mean age 78.2 ± 3.5 years. Various parameters were measured: basic gait parameters (speed of walking, right step length, left step length, step length, difference between right and left step lengths, ratio of step length to height, ratio of step length to lower-limb length, and cadence) and gait cycle parameters (time of swing phase, time of stance phase, time of one gait cycle, percentage of swing phase, and percentage of stance phase). The walking speeds in groups 1, 2, and 3 were 72 ± 5.4, 71.4 ± 7.3, and 69.7 ± 6.7 at the self-selected speed, and 91.3 ± 7.4, 86.2 ± 8.3, and 85.1 ± 9.1 m/min at the fast speed, respectively.


The paper presents a set of experimental analyses regarding acoustics characteristics of the low density cellulose (LDC) composites in order to evaluate the availability of these materials for using within noise control applications (sound absorption or barrier applications). Four types of LDC were considered, and two type of reference polymeric material as expanded/extruded polystyrene (EPS/XEPS) was supposed in order to facilitate comparative analysis of the final results. The experimental tests were developed based on laboratory setup containing two types of conventional impedance tubes, with four-microphone configuration and anechoic termination. The evaluations of normal incidence transmission and reflection coefficients, and a variety of other acoustical characteristics, fill the objective of this study. The experimental results denote comparable performances between proposed LDC composites and reference polystyrene-based specimens.


Determining similarities between business process models needs to be resolved in several cases, e.g., when business processes must be merged, configured or integrated; when reusing fragments of process models, etc. Similarity can be tackled at the semantic, structural and/or behavioral levels. In this paper, we are interested in the semantic level similarity between business process models. More specifically, we present a method for detecting semantic relations between activity labels in process models belonging to the same


6TH IFAC SYMP. ON COST ORIENTED AUTOMATION (LOW COST AUTOMATION 2001) (Oct. 8–9, 2001, Berlin, Germany) The symposium brought together researchers and industrialists in two plenary sessions, eight regular sessions and two industrial workshops (special sessions). The organizers intended to rescue Low Cost Automation from its bad reputation by considering mostly the development and application of cheap components of control systems of low performance, just suitable for developing industries. Because of this, the organizers intended to focus on considering and discussing cost-oriented or cost-effective solutions for automation systems. This intention was quite successful. Despite expensive components, the life cycle of automation systems regarding design, production, operating, maintenance, reconfiguration and recycling was cost effective (cost of ownership). The participants of the Industrial Workshops I and II on "Virtual Programmable Logic Control" and "Lifecycle Costs" presented and discussed new developments in these fields. As it turned out, companies are currently refraining from the implementation of highly automated svstems because they are too inflexible, and their maintenance and reconfiguration is too expensive. Companies are looking for cost-effective solutions. Additionally, the invited keynote speech of the second plenary session, "Maintenance Holistic Framework for Optimizing the Cost/Availability Compromise of Manufacturing Systems" stressed these problems.


In this paper, we introduce and consider a new system of relaxed cocoercive variational inequalities involving three different operators and the concept of projective nonexpansive mapping. Base on the projection technique, we suggest two kinds of new iterative methods for the approximate solvability of this system. The results presented in this paper extend and improve the main results of [S.S. Chang, H.W.J. Lee, C.K. Chan, Generalized system for relaxed co coercive variational inequalities in Hilbert spaces, Appl. Math. Lett. 20 (2007) 329-334] and [Z. Huang, M. Aslam Noor, An explicit projection method for a system of nonlinear variational inequalities with different ()-cocoercive mappings, Appl. Math. Comput. (2007), doi:10.1016/j.amc.2007.01.032].


This article attempts to examine the impact of the Great Depression on the jute growing regions of Bengal.' There are three reasons why I have focused on East and North Bengal rather than on the province as a whole. Firstly, I am mo~ e familiar with the eastern and northern region than the western tracts; in any case, the West Bengal districts accounted for less than a third of the total area under cultivation in the province. Second, the eastern and northern tracts specialised in the cultivation of jute, and one would like to examine how the Depression affected a crop which was almost wholly consigned overseas.--either directly or as gunny. Finally, it is well known that the western region, with the exception of Midnapur and probably Burdwan, had been going downhill since the end of the nineteenth century; in contrast, the eastern tracts were much more fertile and had witnessed a fair amount of prosperity right upto World War I and even in the


PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prepare a hair tonic cosmetic excellent in hair-growing effect and hair falling-off preventing effect. SOLUTION: This hair tonic cosmetic is prepared by compounding a nerve growth factor(NGF) derived from human or animal (mouse, rat, chicken, bovine, etc.), for example, human β-nerve growth factor, NGF prepared from human placenta by purifying through gel filtration, ion-exchange chromatography, etc., NGF prepared from water extracts of mouse submaxillary gland or saliva by purifying through ionexchange chromatography, etc., NGF purified and prepared from bovine seminal plasma, NGF prepared from guinea pig prostate by purifying through column chromatography, NGF produced using animal cells or NGF produced by gene engineering technology.


This research aims to analyze the effect product and place toward satisfaction of budgettraining participants for small, micro and medium enterprises on Jemaat GBKP Balikpapan.This research used quantitative and qualitative method with primary data sources and usingnonprobability sampling method with 32 respondents. Data analyse method that used in thisresearch are validity and reliability test then classical assumption test (normality,multicollinierity, heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation) and Multiple Linier Regression Analyse(correlation coeficient, determination coeficient, F test/varians analyse, t test/significantiontest). Accumulatively, coeficient correlation (R) = 0,537 so that it can be said that theindependent variables toward dependent variable in this research can giving the strong enoughcorrelation. Result of Test Varians (F) express the Ho can be accepted because Fcount < Ftable or5,865 < 3,3277. Its meaning that variable of product and place by together did have theinfluence which significant to satisfaction of budget training participants. The result ofsignificantion test could be explained : (1) there are significant effect of product on satisfactionof budget training participants, and (2) there are not significant effect of place on satisfactionof budget training participants.


The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of different carbon and nitrogen sources on ligninolytic enzyme activity of the combination of Tf1(Pleurotus sajor-caju)and JG1(Pleurotus Cornucopiae Roll)of the wheat straw after the substrate solid state fermentation. Results showed that Lip and MnP were the major lignin-degrading enzymes of Tf1+JG1. Starch and wheat bran were the optimum carbon and nitrogen sources. After 9 d fermentation. the total enzyme activities were respectively 1 419.01 U/g and 1 626.64 U/g.


Perhaps 50 years of under-funding, poor management and unrealistic expectations have led to us sending NHS patients to Germany for treatment.


This chapter examines the Peninsular War to try to decipher what makes hybrid or compound wars so difficult to prosecute and to consider what ingredients might suggest about the design and execution of future military campaigns in which regular forces must cope with multiple concurrent conventional and irregular challenges. The peninsula's physical compartmentation heavily influenced and continues even today to affect its sociopolitical character, historically imposing on both Portugal and Spain (especially the latter) a degree of regional differentiation that occasionally has verged on outright separatism. The map of Spain was a palimpsest of kingdoms, principalities and provinces, many of them with islands adrift in alien territories. In the end, it is hard not to conclude from an examination of the Peninsular War that the best approach to hybrid war is to avoid fighting one in the first place.


Gear mechanism is the most popular transmission mechanism.However,conventional design methods are complex and inaccurate.The application of optimum design to gear design effectively solves the problems mentioned above.Among the numerous kinds of optimization software,MATLAB holds obvious predominance in program and numerical calculation.Take single gear transmission as an example.The math model of gear is founded systematically on the basis of analyzing the foundation of goal function,the selection of design variables and the confirmation of restrictive conditions and then is optimized by SQP algorithm.The results indicate that optimum design,by MATLAB,is effective,reliable and simple.


The frequency stability of an ammonia maser is ordinarily quite high for per iods of a few minutes. However, to preserve this stability for long periods of t ime hours and days requi res ra ther carefu l cont ro l of the pa rame te r s of the system which affect the frequency in par t icular the pressure, focuser voltage and cavity temperature. We have had some success with the se problems.


In Thwarting the Wayward Seas, Skeele offers a fascinating account of the reaction to Pericles by the typical Victorian critic, including a discussion of the play's anomalously successful Victorian stage production. He also discusses its critical and theatrical rebirth at the hands of a wide variety of modernists and postmodernists.


Objective The ACL-deficient model helps to clarify the mechanism of knee OA; however, the conventional ACL injury model could have included concurrent onset factors such as direct compression stress to cartilage and subchondral bone. In this study, we established a novel Non-invasive ACL-Ruptured mouse model without concurrent injuries and elucidated the relationship between OA progression and joint instability. Design We induced the ACL-Rupture non-invasively in twelve-week-old C57BL/6 male mice and evaluated histological, macroscopical, and morphological analysis at 0 days. Next, we created the ACL-R, controlled abnormal tibial translation (CATT), and Sham groups. Then, the joint stability and OA pathophysiology were analyzed at 2, 4, and 8 weeks. Results No intra-articular injuries, except for ACL rupture, were observed in the ACL-R model. ACL-R mice increased anterior tibial displacement compared to the Sham group (p<0.001, 95% CI [-1.509 to -0.966]) and CATT group (p<0.001, 95% CI [-0.841 to -0.298]) at 8 weeks. All mice in the ACL-R group caused cartilage degeneration. The degree of cartilage degeneration in the ACL-R group was higher than in the CATT group (p=0.006) at 8 weeks. The MMP-3-positive cell rate of chondrocytes increased in the ACL-R group than CATT group from 4 weeks (p=0.043; 95% CI [-28.32 to -0.364]) while that of synovial cells increased at 8 weeks (p=0.031; 95% CI [-23.398 to -1.021]). Conclusion We successfully established a Non-invasive ACL-R model without intra-articular damage. Our model revealed that chondrocytes might react to abnormal mechanical stress prior to synovial cells while the knee OA onset.


Introduction: This study examined the depth of sedation and the usefulness of the monitoring tool in determining the level of sedation in patients undergoing third molars extraction under conscious sedation with midazolam. Materials and Methods: Twenty two patients undergoing third molars extraction at the department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery, Ewha Womans Mokdong Hospital from February 2010 to April 2010 were analyzed. All patients were classified as American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) class I and had no contraindications tosedation. The bispectral index was recorded continually during surgery using a bispectral monitor. The initial sedation was accomplished using a 3 mg bolus of midazolam followed by a 2 mg bolus of midazolam until the level of sedation, at which the patient's eyes were closed or the subject was responsive only to loud or repeated calling of their name, was reached. All subjects were surveyed with a postoperative questionnaire to evaluate the level of sedation. Results: The bispectral index (BIS) decreased approximately 5 minutes after midazolam administration, but increased at the local anesthesia injection and odontomy procedure. The amnestic effect was shown effectively in the early stages of surgery. Conclusion: Conscious sedation with intravenous midazolam is effective in achieving the effect of anxiolysis, analgesia and amnesia. The BIS is an objective and useful means of assessing the depth of sedation.


AIM
To investigate how undergraduate nursing students' perceived professional qualifications and job values relate to their choice of clinical field after graduation, particularly about employment in care of older people and psychiatric fields.

BACKGROUND
In the light of greater demand for highly qualified nurses, it is important to understand how professional qualifications and job values relate to career choices.

DESIGN
A quantitative longitudinal study of 290 undergraduate nursing students based on a questionnaire survey and register data.

METHODS
Data were analysed by multinomial logistic regression analyses. The questionnaire was distributed to all undergraduate nursing students during the final semester of study at two university colleges in Norway (N = 411) to collect the students' perceived professional qualifications and job values (2001). Register data on clinical fields after graduation (2002-2006) were merged into the survey data in 2008 (Statistics Norway).

RESULTS
The tendency among undergraduate nursing students to choose care of older people rather than general hospital care after graduation increases as their score on altruism decreases, but is not correlated with their score on theoretical knowledge. The tendency to choose psychiatric fields rather than general hospital care increases with an increasing score on perceived practical skills and decreases with an increasing score on perceived theoretical knowledge.

CONCLUSION
The choice of clinical field after graduation correlates with undergraduate nursing students' perceived professional qualifications and job values.


During the development of the CNS, astrocytes play a key role as a substrate for neuronal migration and axonal growth. These neuron‐astrocyte interactions could be regulated, in part, by the astrocytic cytoskeleton. Nestin, vimentin, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) are the three identified proteins constitutive of intermediate filaments present in astrocytes. In the present study, we used mice deficient in GFAP to define the influence of the major protein of the astrocytic cytoskeleton on neuron survival and axonal growth in a model of neuron‐astrocyte coculture. We observed that GFAP null astrocytes are a better substrate for neuronal survival and neurite outgrowth than wild‐type astrocytes. This may be correlated with the relatively late occurrence of GFAP expression in astrocyte maturation when the early steps of neurogenesis are completed. GLIA 31:267–272, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


College of Arts and Sciences General Education (GE) Goals & Expected Learning Outcomes: Statistics 2450 is a Data Analysis course in the Quantitative and Logical Skills category of the GE Requirements. Goals: Students develop skills in drawing conclusions and critically evaluating results based on data. Expected Learning Outcomes: Students understand basic concepts of statistics and probability, comprehend methods needed to analyze and critically evaluate statistical arguments, and recognize the importance of statistical ideas.


The 6 K cooled primary mirror of the SPICA observatory, to be launched in 2018, allows a photometry gain in sensitivity in the far infrared of more than two orders of magnitude when compared with current instrumentation in space. All the proposed detector solutions will have to deploy radically different solutions from previous developments to cope with the extremely low background and very low power budgets available at all the temperature stages. We present the current design of very large "all Silicon" filled Bolometer Arrays cooled below 100 mK, and the solutions we develop for the BASIC (Bolometer Arrays for the All Silicon SAFARI Imaging Camera) focal planes of SAFARI. They will cover simultaneously three wavelength bands between 30 and 210 μm.


Arthur Darby Nock, Posidonius R. G. Austin, Virgil and the Wooden Horse Ronald Syme, The Lower Danube under Trajan A. H. M. Jones, The Origin and Early History of the Follis J. M. C. Toynbee, A Bust of an Antonine Boy Jacques Heufgon, The date of Vegoia's Prophecy C. H. V. Sutherland, The Intelligibility of Roman Imperial Coin Types A. R. Hands, Sallust and Dissimulatio Homer A. Thompson, Athenian Twilight: A.D. 267-600 Philip Grierson, The Tablettes Albertini and the Value of the solidus in the fifth and sixth centuries A.D. E. Badian, Caesar's cursus and the intervals between Offices Robert Samuel Rogers, Treason in the Early Empire Joyce Reynolds, Four Inscriptions from Roman Cyrene Roman Britain in 1958