In this study, I explore different dimensions of capital management and its potential drivers. I examine banks' provisioning behavior for bad loans at a regulatory threshold that limits the amount of loan loss allowances in the banks' total regulatory capital. At the threshold, the marginal effect of the loan loss provisions on the total regulatory capital changes whereas the marginal effect on the Tier 1 capital, earnings, and tax duties remains constant. I find a strong impact from the threshold. The banks build higher loan loss provisions further below the threshold and lower provisions further above it. The relative level of the initial Tier 1 capital moderates the management of total regulatory capital. Furthermore, variable compensation and the listing on a major exchange reduce the total capital management activities. These findings provide evidence on the importance of reporting incentives in relation to the total regulatory capital.


The vocal behaviour of young warbling vireos (Vireo gilvus) in southern Ontario was studied during the nestling and early fledgling periods. Six vocalizations were distinguished: screech, partial screech, beg–eeah, harsh beg–eeah, jit–eeah, and jit. All vocalizations appear to develop by a process of differentiation from the screech call. The beg–eeah, harsh beg–eeah, and jit calls of the young show clear structural and ontogenetic relationship to the eeah, harsh eeah, and vit calls of the adult. During ontogeny, three types of change were noted; calls appeared without evident transition from other forms, others disappeared from the repertoire, and some calls showed a gradual change in form. The screech, partial screech, and beg–eeah, harsh beg–eeah appear to be a part of a single series of responses associated with degrees of stimulus contrast. The ontogenetic development of the calls of young warbling vireos is compared with that of other birds.


This is an expository note explaining the concepts of covariant differentiation, linear connection and absolute parallelism. Its purpose is to put into better mathematical perspective the recent article in this Journal by Scholten and Gaggioli [3], wherein a certain method of differentiating tensor fields was defined. It is shown here that the basic mathematical limitation of that method, namely, the problem of constructing the "covariant base vectors", is the same as the question of existence of absolute parallelisms, about which a considerable amount of knowledge already exists. This note can, therefore, also be considered as a contribution toward determining the theoretical range of applicability of the differentiation method of [3].


Learn how educators can help children who persistently use the counting-all strategy shift to using counting on for adding quantities.
Teachers often say to me, "I don't know what to do for my students who struggle to learn math. No matter what I do, they don't seem to get it."


The signing of a general relations treaty between the two German states is an event that rekindles interest in their separate developments over the post-war period. To gauge the extent of the change that has taken place it is only necessary to recall the bitterness that marked the judgements that East and West passed on one another in the 1950s. Educational development has substantially reflected the political attitudes behind such judgements and has followed a course of sharp divergence followed by a partial retreat from ideological prejudice. It appears an appropriate moment to trace this process from 1945 to the present day and, so far as is possible, to explain it in relation to the political, social and economic background to the policies that have been adopted. The divergence of the paths followed by the two States in respect of educational policy dates back to the period of Four Power Control when it was widely recognized that the development of the school system had a significant role to play in the promotion of a change of heart in Germany. All four Allied powers favoured changes which would have the effect of opening up secondary education to a more representative cross-section of society. Such democratization was a key point in the interpretation of the Potsdam statement about eliminating Nazi and militarist doctrines and making possible the 'successful development of democratic ideas'. What was termed the caste system of German society was seen as an inevitable outcome of the severely hierarchical structure of the existing school system. While this thesis was accepted by some German politicians and educationists it was rejected by many more. The British and Americans in particular were quite taken aback by the resistance to change which they encountered. In the words of a revealing statement of policy in the British


recrystallized tungsten have been examined after exposure to a low-energy (38 eV/D), highnux (1022 D/m2S) deuterium plasma at ion nuences in the range from 1026 1


This paper explores the fiscal revenue effects of urban and rural investment and consumption using panel models based on the provincial data from 2001 through 2006.The main conclusions drawn are:the elasticity of fiscal revenue with respect to total retail sales of consumer goods is higher than that with respect to total fixed assets investment;the elasticity of fiscal revenue with respect to disposable income of rural resident is higher than that with respect to urban resident;the elasticity of fiscal revenue with respect to urban fixed assets investment is higher than that with respect to rural fixed assets investment.


Traditional applications of robot manipulators are mainly limited to tracking control tasks, in which the desired objectives are specified as desired positions or trajectories. In such applications, a convenient and easy way of programming robots is the traditional teach-and-playback method. However, advances in sensing and robotic technologies have led to the requirements of more demanding tasks, in which robots may need to interact with a human or follow the human's instructions in performing a sequence of more complex tasks. In such applications, it is not sufficient to just learn the positions or motion and play it back using a robot controller. In this article, a task learning approach is proposed for human–robot interaction systems, where a set of interaction behaviors is formulated and solved by specifying the task requirements in terms of potential energy. The motion behaviors demonstrated by humans can thus be acquired by the robot by seeking the appropriate task parameters of the dynamic potential energy function. To play back and combine the tasks in a sequential way by using a single controller, a new robot controller is also proposed. Lyapunov-like analysis is adopted to guarantee the stability of the control system, and experimental results are given to validate the performance of the proposed learning and control strategies.


"Pulmonary rehabilitation is a process which systematically uses scientifically based diagnostic management and evaluation options to achieve the optimal daily functioning and health-related quality of life of individual patients suffering from impairment and disability due to chronic respiratory disease, as measured by clinically and/or physiologically relevant outcome measures". The rationale for pulmonary rehabilitation is that a process of patient management is required to systematically apply all existing treatment options available for the widest possible range of patients with chronic lung disease. In order to focus on the requirements for successful achievement of these aims, a further definition is now required. This is based on the rationale that the requirements of individual patients vary with time and in relation to other individuals. Programmes must, therefore, be comprehensive and flexible enough to address each patient's needs, and also to advance the health care provision for the population with chronic respiratory disease in general. There are a number of components which are provided in piecemeal fashion, depending on the resources available in different countries and medical centres [1–5]. Some of these are not new treatments, but the very implementation of a process incorporates them in a logical systematic fashion into normal practice. Among chronic lung diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a well-known example of a frustrating illness not only for patients, who may suffer considerable physical and physiological problems, but also for their physicians, whose medical treatment has only partial success in alleviating symptoms and improving functional capacity. Patients with COPD are responsible for a high proportion of the total health care costs in different countries. So far, however, there has been no systematic attempt either to improve the efficacy of this health care provision or to recognize that such a process is required. This is despite the fact that over the past two decades individual contributors in the field of pulmonary rehabilitation have published their experience and have shown that one outcome can be a significant reduction in health costs, such as hospital bed usage [3]. Fortunately, there is an increasing interest in pulmonary rehabilitation in tandem with the development of improved methodologies, for example for measurement of exercise performance, respiratory muscle function, sleep disturbance and subjective measures of disability, such as breathlessness scoring, psychometric testing and quality of life indices. The rationale for COPD is that not only can clear aims be identified but also, experience suggests, these aims can be realistically implemented [1–5].


Fire detectors present very important elements in fire protection systems. Their correct and precise installation present very important task in fire protection. Very often, there are problems related to the number of installed fire detectors and their locations and arrangement in the object. There are several standards that deal with fire detectors installations and arrangement. In some cases, these standards have similar rules, but in others, they have different rules. Also, some of standards have very detail rules and explanations about fire detectors installation and arrangement in some cases, while other standards are not very detail or they don't deal with that problems at all. One of the very interested cases, marked in all standards as a special case for installation of fire detectors is a stairs case. This paper was written to show rules in different valid standards related to installation and arrangement of fire detectors in the case of stairs and computer simulation of fire detectors at stairs.


Two new aryl amide type ligands L1 and L2 (L1=2,4,6‐tris {[(2′‐N‐hydroxymethylformyl)phenoxyl]methyl}‐1,3,5‐trimethyl benzene, L2=2,4‐bi{[(2′‐N‐hydroxymethylformyl)phenoxyl]methyl}‐1,3,5‐trimethyl benzene) and their europium and terbium nitrate complexes were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, NMR, electric conductivity measurements, TG‐DTA, and IR spectroscopy. The luminescence properties of these complexes were also studied.


Continuous Integration (CI) is a software engineering practice to identify and correct a defect as soon as possible after a code change has been integrated into the version control system. The main purpose of CI is to give developers a quick feedback of code changes. These changes build on different OSes and runtime environments to check backward compatibility as well as to check if the product still works with the new changes. So, many builds are performed, while only a few of them can identify new failures. In other words, a phenomenon of build inflation can be observed, where the increasing number of builds has diminishing returns in terms of identified failures vs. costs of running the builds. This inflation makes interpreting build results challenging as it increases the importance of some failures, while it hides the importance of others. This thesis advances our understanding of the impact of OSes and runtime environments on build failures and build inflation through a large-scale study of 30 million builds of the CPAN ecosystem. We choose CPAN because CPAN provides a rich data set for the analysis of automated builds on dozens of environments (Perl versions) and operating systems. This thesis performs quantitative and qualitative analysis on build failures to classify these failures and find out the reason of their occurrence. We observe: (1) the evolution of build failures over time and report that while more builds are being performed, the percentage of them identifying a failure drops, (2) different OSes and environments are not equally reliable, (3) the build results of CI must be filtered to identify reliable failing data, (4) and most build failures are due to API dependency. Researchers and practitioners should consider the impact of build inflation when they are analyzing and-or performing builds.


The important properties of permutation ration function are surveyed. Subsequently investigate a new permutation rational functions including the aspect of important algebraic, arithmetic and properties. Finally, application of permutation rational function to public-key cryptosystem and key exchange scheme will also be considered.


Mandarin teaching should be full of vitality and vigor.In addition to exterior beauty of teaching,teachers should pay more attention to the interior beauty and help students to really realize the national glamour and artistic fascination of this civilized language.


The research was conducted to explain the effect of Games Strategy and students anxieity on students listening ability. The design of this research was quasi experimental with 2x2 factorial design. The population of this research was the second year students of SMAN 1Tanjung Pinang, 2016/2017 academic year. Listening ability test and anxiety questionnaire were used as the research instruments. Then, the data were analyzed by using t-test formula and two ways Anova. The result of this research shows that (1) Games Strategy gave significant higher result in studens listening ability than Note Taking Strategy. It was indicated by the result of t-test which showed that tobserved (3,028) was bigger than ttable, (1,993), (2) Games Strategy gave significantly higher result inlistening ability of students with high anxiety than Note Taking Strategy. It was indicated by the result of t-test which showed that tobserved (3,338) was bigger than ttable (2,100), (3) Games Strategy did not give significantly higher result instudents listening ability with low anxiety than Note Taking Strategy.It was indicated by the result of t-test which showed that tobserved (0,569) was less than ttable (2,100), (4) There was no interaction between both strategies and students anxiety toward students listening aability, where Fobserved (2.809) was less than Ftable (3.25). In conclusion, Games Strategy gave significant higher result on students listenign ability than Note Taking Strategy and there was no interaction between teaching strategies and students anxiety toward students listening ability.


Objective:to study the long-term use of clozapine myocardial enzymes in patients with schizophrenia.Methods between January 2011 and December 2011,in line with the Chinese classification and diagnostic criteria for mental disorders in the third edition(CCMD-3) diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia,and treatment with clozapine for more than three years of patients as the research object,282 cases were collected and detected the myocardial enzyme creatine kinase(CK),creatine kinase isoenzyme MB subtypes(CK-MB),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),alpha(hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase(HBDH),aspertate aminotransferase(AST).Results myocardial enzyme the indicators to some extent,the rise of creatine kinase(CK) in the most significant,P 0.01.Conclusion:long-term use of clozapine can cause myocardial enzymes in patients with schizophrenia in different degree rise,myocardial enzymes should be monitored regularly and the prevention of heart disease to avoid the occurrence of sudden death.


Let be a sequence of independent random variables. Suppose that N has mean y and takes values in the set , while the Ti's are non-negative and identically distributed. Define for n≥l. Suffi- cient conditions on the distribution function of the T1's are distribution function of the T.s are given in order that Var(S N)≥ Var(Sμ).


Letter from Mrs. Kempner to Mrs. Smith discussing the past state board meeting and the decision to remove her from the AWVS if she does not respond.


Five new mutations in the Syrian hamster are described: furloss, a simple recessive trait affecting the quality of hair; fur-deficiency, a simple recessive trait affecting the quantity of hair and longevity; juvenile gray, a simple recessive trait affecting coat color and body size; ashen, a semidominant trait affecting both coat color and quantity of hair; and quaking, a simple recessive trait affecting motor activity. Gene symbols, fs, Rfd, jg, A, and q are proposed for these mutations.


CFD numerical simulation plays an important role in the design and research of marine fire water cannon. In order to improve the accuracy and reliability of numerical hydrodynamic simulation on the inner flow field of fire water cannon, the present article presented a method based on Richardson extrapolation method to estimate the grid error. And then the low-error computational grids are employed to simulate the inner flow field of the marine fire water cannon with different contraction angles. The change rules of spraying velocity of marine fire water cannon with contraction angles under different inlet pressure are obtained. The results show that optimizing the contraction angle of fire water cannon has a certain effect on reducing turbulence and increasing the velocity of outlet. This study might provide a grid error analysis method for the optimization design of marine fire water cannon by using numerical method in the future.


In a dynamic world, social-ecological changes continuously contest even well established management systems for renewable resources. As for recreational fisheries management, an increasing popularity of angling activities and therefore a potential higher pressure on freshwater fish resources imposes a significant challenge to the current management system presumably driving conflicts among different resource users and about maintenance of ecosystem services. Key figures in solving those problems are the governance structures which agents are in charge for the choice of a particular management approach. The matter to investigate is in how far they are able to adapt the management on constantly arising changes in social-ecological systems. One important obstacle to better understand and solve such management problems is a rare use of established property rights, transaction costs, social capital, and institutional change theories. They help to identify reasons for success and failure of potential shortand long term adaptation strategies of agents within the different governance structures to regulate social and ecological problems in renewable resource systems. The paper develops an analytical framework based on a brief review of the major theories. The framework aims to analyze how different governance structures may or may not respond on challenges and adapt to todays and future changes inherent in contemporary freshwater recreational fisheries. Further identified components in the framework are the institutional environment, the anglers as direct resource users, the fish resources which are embedded in more complex and spatially larger resource systems such as waters and the broader biophysical world. We propose four general propositions on the outcomes of resource management and how they depend on different governance structures considering both regulations and rules, and resource characteristics. We recommend these for testing in empirical studies to provide a basis for an in-depth understanding of management decision-making in recreational fisheries world-wide. * Paper presented at the 2008 Berlin Conference on the Human Dimensions of Global Environmental Change, 22-23 February 2008, Berlin


Abstract Social class differences in educational decision-making form an important explanation for persisting educational inequalities, particularly in choice-driven systems with early tracking. Nevertheless, little is known about the process preceding these choices, especially when school and track choice are interrelated. Building on school choice literature, this study aims to explore how parents from different social backgrounds shape their decision-making process at the transition from primary to secondary education in Flanders (Belgium). To this end, we adopt an explanatory mixed-methods design. Quantitative findings from a parent survey conducted in 36 primary schools were complemented with 32 in-depth interviews with parents. Our findings show two parental profiles regarding educational decision-making, which can be traced back to differences in social and cultural capital. Although effective navigation of the complex field of educational decision-making proved to be strongly class related, parents' educational and immigrant biographies led to specific approaches, transcending the middle class versus working class binary.


The reciprocal link between the reduced Ostrovsky equation and the A(2)2 two-dimensional Toda (2D-Toda) system is used to construct the N-soliton solution of the reduced Ostrovsky equation. The N-soliton solution of the reduced Ostrovsky equation is presented in the form of pfaffian through a hodograph (reciprocal) transformation. The bilinear equations and the τ-function of the reduced Ostrovsky equation are obtained from the period 3-reduction of the B∞ or C∞ 2D-Toda system, i.e. the A(2)2 2D-Toda system. One of the τ-functions of the A(2)2 2D-Toda system becomes the square of a pfaffian which also becomes a solution of the reduced Ostrovsky equation. There is another bilinear equation which is a member of the 3-reduced extended BKP hierarchy. Using this bilinear equation, we can also construct the same pfaffian solution.


An assessment is presented for all submissions to the comparative modeling challenge in the 1996 Critical Assessment of Structure Prediction (CASP2). Of the original 12 target structures, 9 were solved prior to the meeting: 8 by X‐ray crystallography and 1 by NMR spectroscopy. These targets varied over a large range of difficulty, as assessed by the percentage sequence identity with the principal parent structure, which ranged from 20% up to 85%. The overall quality of the models reflected the similarity of the principal parent. As expected, when the sequence alignment was correct, the core was accurately modeled, with the largest deviations occurring in the loops. Models were built which gave Cα root‐mean‐square deviations (RMSDs) compared with the observed structure of <1 Å for targets with high parental similarity; even at 26% sequence identity, the best model structures had Cα deviations of only 2.2 Å. Overall, these deviations are comparable with those observed between the parent structure and the target, but locally there are several examples where the model approaches closer to the target than does the parent. There were three targets below 25% sequence identity, and the models generated for these targets were, in general, significantly less accurate. This principally reflects errors in the alignment which, if systematically shifted, can generate Cα RMSDs <18 Å. Compared with CASP1, the geometry of the models was significantly improved with no D‐amino acids. By far the major contribution to RMSD error was the alignment accuracy, which varied from 100% down to 7% over the range of targets. In the structurally variable regions, global shifts, caused by hinge bending, were the major source of error, giving significantly lower local RMSDs than global RMSDs. In over 50% of these noncore regions, the difference between global and local RMSDs was more than 3 Å, and was as high as 10 Å for one structurally variable region. For the side chains, the χ1 RMSDs are strongly correlated with the Cα RMSDs. For models with Cα deviations less than 1 Å, on average 78.5% of side chains are placed in the correct rotamer, although the χ1 RMSDs, though clearly better than random, were disappointing at around 46°. As the backbone deviations increased, the side chain placement became less accurate, with an average χ1 RMSD of 75° on a 1.5–2.5 Å Cα backbone (average 51.4% correct rotamer). Refinement by energy minimization or molecular dynamics made only minor adjustments to improve local geometry and generally made small, but not significant, improvements to the RMSD. In total, 19 groups submitted 62 models (89 coordinate sets) that could be assessed. Most modelers used manual adjustments to sequence alignments and, in general, good alignments were obtained down to 25% sequence identity. The modeling methods ranged from "classical" modeling, involving core building followed by loop and side chain addition, to more sophisticated approaches based on probability distributions, Monte Carlo sampling or distance geometry. For each target, several groups produced equally good models, given the expected errors in the structures (about 0.5 Å). No one method came out as clearly superior, although the approaches that inherit directly from the parents generally performed better than the more radical techniques. However, for each target there were some poor models, usually reflecting a poor sequence alignment, and the range of accuracy for each target is therefore large. Fully automated methods are able to perform very well for "easy" targets (85% sequence identity with parent), but when modeling using a distantly related parent, care and expertise, especially in performing the alignment, still appear to be important factors in generating accurate models. Proteins, Suppl. 1:14–28, 1997. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Asthma is a lung disease that affects airflow to and From the lungs. A whistling sound comes when a person suffering from asthma breathes in and out. Major symptoms of asthma are chest stiffness, breathe shortness and cough production during night and morning. In this paper, Asthma is analyze with the help of Mel frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC). In this system, MFCC for Normal Voice and for Asthma patient voice is found out. The process of Feature extraction is that, in which the speaker is represented by the small amount of data from the voice signal. This system converts a speech waveform to type of parametric representation for further analysis and processing. There are two methods for MFCC feature extraction, either FFT based or LPC based. In this paper, MFCC extraction based on FFT is used.


to a lack of sensibility and of ecological validity. This preliminary study aims to identify word finding difficulties through discourse analysis. We investigated the spontaneous speech and narratives of eight patients. Frequency pauses, duration and fluency rate were analyzed. The first results suggest that patients with a CRCI produce a high disfluency rate.


Rationale
 Cyclical fluctuations in investment are usually sharper than fluctuations in other components of aggregate demand. This article aims to analyse, based on an econometric model, the role played by interest rates, demand and agents' confidence (the drivers traditionally studied in the literature) in the behaviour of investment under such atypical cyclical circumstances as those derived from the pandemic and the energy crisis.
 Takeaways
 •The results show that investment responds negatively to interest rate rises, while enhanced agents' confidence and greater demand have the opposite effect.
 •In the absence of new shocks, the bulk of the impact of interest rates on investment occurs with a lag of several quarters, whereas agents' confidence and demand operate with shorter lags. Given these lags, the interest rate increases and the decline in confidence which took place in 2022 appear to have had a negative effect on investment in 2023, partially offset by the positive impact of the buoyancy of demand recorded last year.
 •In order to analyse the changes in investment, the effects deriving from any shocks that may arise this year, including those deriving from the variables analysed in this article and other shocks not addressed in this model, should be added to the above-mentioned effects.


The invention relates to a method for unlocking a mobile terminal. By the method, the mobile terminal enters a corresponding application program after being unlocked. The method for unlocking the mobile terminal comprises the following steps that: an input gesture is input into an unlocking interface of the mobile terminal; the mobile terminal identifies the gesture; the mobile terminal compares the input gesture with unlocking gestures stored in the mobile terminal, judges whether the unlocking gesture which is the same as the input gesture is stored in the mobile terminal or not, and performs the next step if the unlocking gesture which is the same as the input gesture is stored in the mobile terminal; and the mobile terminal judges whether the unlocking gesture is associated with an application program or not, and enters the corresponding application program after being unlocked if the unlocking gesture is associated with the application program. The invention also provides a system for unlocking the mobile terminal. The method and the system are simple and practical, and the mobile terminal can directly enter the corresponding application program after being unlocked.


To assess the quality characteristics of black-goat meat extracts and to develop their quality index, the ingredient ratio, manufacturing process and general composition of black-goat meat extracts were investigated. A partial meat of black-goat had high protein content (20.2∼21.6%) and low lipid content (1.9∼3.3%). The crude protein contents, 3.5∼6.1%, of black-goat meat extracts had a high correlation (r=0.88, p<0.01) with black-goat meat content and the soluble solid content had a high correlation (r=0.87, p<0.01) with the subsidiary material content. Two commercial products had total bacteria of 10^1∼10^2 cfu/ml, showing the necessity of pressure sterilization of final process.


To investigate the energy evolution and storage performances of rock under uniaxial cyclic compression, a series of uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading compression tests were conducted on Green sandstone and Yueyang granite. Two methods for calculating the total input energy of the specimen under each cycle were proposed. One is based on the actual stress-strain curve of the specimen (ASC method); the other is based on the stress-strain envelope curve during the loading process (SEC method). The experimental results show that, for those two methods, the total input energy, elastic energy, and dissipated energy of the specimen show a quadratic function increasing trend with the increase of stress levels. Besides, the elastic energy increases linearly with the increase of total input energy for both methods, which confirms that the linear energy storage law is also applicable to rock materials under uniaxial cyclic loading and unloading compression conditions. Moreover, the uniaxial compression energy storage coefficient calculated by the SEC method is highly close to that obtained based on the single cycle loading and unloading test, which indicates that the uniaxial compression energy storage coefficient of rock can also be calculated by multiple cyclic loading and unloading test. In conclusion, the linear energy storage law is a basic physical property of rock materials, and the uniaxial compression energy storage coefficient is a physical index reflecting the energy storage capacity of rock materials.


In the Present paper a Review the aim of the present investigation is to reduce the erosion-corrosion behaviour of Bed coil in Fluidized Bed combustion system. After lots of search I knew that there are many possibilities of tube failure. In this investigation, Ansys CFX module has been used to analyze the different parameters which affect on the erosion-corrosion of bed coil like coal properties, air flow velocity, tube material, nozzle diameter, thickness and pitch of bed coil or tube, elevation of the boiler tubes to a higher position in the unit and etc. I have validated data with experimental readings than after I will do experimental evolution with the help of software.


realization and of course desirable in themselves, are no longer the most important services that a student health centre can render to its university. "It is in giving help, supportand advice to studentsas they adapt themselvesto the physical and mental changesof growing up and to the requirementsof intensive study, that we in fact find our most unique and irreplaceablerole." The changeis "from an ancillary service concernedprimarily with disease to one integrated with the university life as a whole". This is surely a most desirable change of emphasis. Anyone who is in close contact with students, or who can look back clearly to his own student days without rose-eolouredspectacles,must be aware of the heavy and sometimes intolerable stresses that can accompany a university course, and of how little they may be understood,even by the most sympatheticpeople, outside the student's immediate academic environment. Even the casual onlooker is aware of the heavy failure rate amongstpresent-daystudents,to which such stresses must contribute in no small degree. If a studenthealth service can help to eliminate even some of the waste involved, it will more than pay for itself, whether in terms of public money, academic achievementor simple human happiness.


Synopsis Recent considerable increases in traffic intensity and wheel loads are causing fatigue cracks in orthotropic steel decks in Ranshin Expressway .From results of the periodic inspection, fatigue cracks are detected by 167 spans in 1347 spans in orthotropic steel decks as ofApril, 2009. Under traffic loading, in particular the effect of local wheel loads, longitudinal welds between deck plate and trough are subjected to local transverse bending moments and are susceptible to fatigue cracks. The stress in trough to deck plate welds is strongly influenced by actual-working load and run position .Then, in orthotropic steel decks in Kobe route ofRanshin Expressway, measurement of the load of actual-working traffic and generating stress is performed by Bridge-Weigh-In-Motion. This papert presents the outline of fatigue failure in orthotropic steel decks. Next, Fatigue failure assessment based on this measurement results are described


We introduce a strategy to tackle some known obstructions of current approaches to the Fourier uniformity conjecture. Assuming GRH, we then show the conjecture holds for intervals of length at least $(\log X)^{\psi(X)}$, with $\psi(X) \rightarrow \infty$ an arbitrarily slowly growing function of $X$. We expect the methods should adapt to nilsequences, thus also showing that the Generalised Riemann Hypothesis implies close to exponential growth in the sign patterns of the Liouville function.


In the head member (30) of a detachable insert cutting tool, a slit (38) is extending toward the further rear end side from the rear end of an insert fixing seat formed of the pressing plane at the upper flange portion of a head member main body (31) and the pedestal plane at the lower flange portion (33). A clamp screw engaging with the upper flange portion is driven along the extending direction of the slit (38) while inclining in the direction receding from a virtual plane (P) extending in the facing direction of the pressing plane and the pedestal plane toward the lower flange portion (33) side so that the upper flange portion can deform resiliently with the joint (39) between the rear wall face (38B) of the slit (38) and the rear end face (31F) of the head member main body (31) as fulcrum. The joint (39) is formed to gradually increase the width in the extending direction toward the receding direction of the clamp screw from the virtual plane (P).With such head member (30), a cutting insert can be clamped stably by causing resilient deformation of the flange portion having the pressing plane straight to the pedestal plane while triggering a big clamping force.


In this paper we study the local spectrum of a signal and its corresponding representation in the time/space domain, what we call the local signal. The local spectrum at the origin is interpreted as a low-pass variant ltering of the Fourier transform of the signal, and we show that, when self-similar scaled lters are used, the same relationship exists between the original and the local signals. In the two dimensional case the local signal corresponds to another important concept in vision, that of a foveated image. Furthermore, there is a large class of self-dual lters for which a perfect duality exists, that is, the kernel applied in the low-pass variant ltering is exactly the same in both the time/space and the frequency/spatial frequency domains. Some relevant properties, as well as connections with other multi-scale and time/frequency schemes, such as the wavelet transform or the scale transform, are reported. Finally, we present an eecient implementation using steerable lters and suggest potential applications.


Many ecosystems experience drastic changes to soil nutrient availability associated with fire, but the magnitude and duration of these changes are highly variable among vegetation and fire types. In pyrogenic pine savannas across the south eastern United States, pulses of soil inorganic nitrogen (N) occur in tandem with ecosystem-scale nutrient losses from prescribed burns. Despite the importance of 10 this management tool for restoring and maintaining fire-dependent plant communities, the contributions of different mechanisms underlying fire-associated changes to soil N availability remain unclear. Pulses of N availability following fire have been hypothesized to occur through (1) changes to microbial cycling rates and (2) direct ash deposition; we further hypothesize that (3) changes to plant sink strength may contribute to ephemeral increases in soil N availability. Here, we document fire-associated changes 15 to N availability across the growing season in a longleaf pine savanna in North Carolina. To differentiate between possible mechanisms driving soil N pulses, we measured net microbial cycling rates and changes to soil δN before and after a burn. We found no evidence for changes in microbial activity, and limited evidence that ash deposition could account for the increase in ammonium availability to more than 5-25 times background levels. We conclude that a temporary dampening of 20 vegetation demand for N following fire may contribute to the observed increases in inorganic N availability. Biogeosciences Discuss., doi:10.5194/bg-2016-303, 2016 Manuscript under review for journal Biogeosciences Published: 12 August 2016 c © Author(s) 2016. CC-BY 3.0 License.


The presented study shows aspects related to the fluid flow inside a rotary machine; this type of machine can be utilized as a ventilator, air pump or blower. Relations for computing the driving power of this pump as well as the fluid flow rate of transported are presented. The sealing between the impellers and between the impellers and the machine casing is studied and the advantages of different types of impeller shapes are specified.


The robust spin and momentum valley locking of electrons in two-dimensional semiconductors make the valley degree of freedom of great utility for functional optoelectronic devices. Owing to the difference in optical selection rules for the different valleys, these valley electrons can be addressed optically. The electrons and excitons in these materials exhibit valley Hall effect, where the carriers from specific valleys are directed to different directions under electrical or thermal bias. Here we report the optical valley Hall effect where the light emission from the valley polarized excitons in monolayer WS2 propagates in different directions owing to the preferential coupling of excitonic emission to the high momentum states of the hyperbolic metamaterial. The experimentally observed effects are corroborated with theoretical modeling of excitonic emission in the near field of hyperbolic media. The demonstration of the optical valley Hall effect using a bulk artificial photonic media without the need for nanostructuring opens the possibility of realizing valley-based excitonic circuits operating at room temperature.


The writers of the open letter to Simon Stevens, NHS chief executive, and Alistair Burns, national clinical lead for dementia, are to be commended for a clear, objective protest against a potentially dangerous proposal.1 …


Abstract A recombinant pro-drug, single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (scuPA) fused to an anti-PECAM-1 antibody single-chain variable fragment (anti-PECAM scFv/scuPA) targets endothelium and augments thrombolysis in the pulmonary vasculature 1 . To avoid premature activation and inactivation and to limit systemic toxicity, we replaced the native plasmin activation site in scFv/low molecular weight (lmw)-scuPA with a thrombin activation site, generating anti-PECAM scFv/uPA-T that: i) is latent and activated by thrombin instead of plasmin, ii) binds to PECAM-1; iii) does not consume plasma fibrinogen; iv) accumulates in mouse lungs after IV injection; and, v) resists PA inhibitor PAI-1 until activated by thrombin. In mouse models of pulmonary thrombosis caused by thromboplastin and ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), scFv/uPA-T provided more potent thromboprophylaxis and greater lung protection than plasmin-sensitive scFv/uPA. Endothelium-targeted thromboprophylaxis triggered by a pro-thrombotic enzyme illustrates a novel approach to time- and site-specific regulation of proteolytic reactions that can be modulated for therapeutic benefit. From bloodjournal.hematologylibrary.org by guest on June 1, 2013. For personal use only.


We offer an approach for practical measuring of corporate social responsibility based on the stakeholder theory. This approach assumes that it is methodologically incorrect and technically infeasible to measure CSR on the basis of objective variables and through selfreporting procedures. A more correct and realistic method of measuring CSR should be based on a systematic survey of stakeholders' opinion. The research offers a concept of Fairness Index and provides results of its first empirical testing for several Russian and European companies.


A method is presented for calculating the capacity of a single track railroad system consisting of single track sections with intermediary sidings and terminals for loading and unloading of trains as a function of the number of trains in the system. The trains are mainly unit trains, which keep their identity during a complete cycle although other trains can be introduced and their effect measured. The number of operating unit trains is derived from the availability frequency functions of cars, engines and train crews. The method which is programmable on small computers can be used for the examination of the effect on capacity of a wide range of parameters such as number of sidings, train speed, train length, closures for maintenance of way and the terminals.


An alumina-zirconia (AZ) composite powder was prepared by thermal decomposition of organic precursors synthesized from ethyl acetoacetate aluminium di-isopropylate and zirconium n-butoxide. The specific surface area of AZ was higher than that of alumina-zirconia (ALK) prepared from aluminium sec-butoxide and zirconium n-butoxide. The true density of AZ was lower than that of ALK. Selective reduction of nitrogen oxide with propylene in oxygen-rich atmosphere on AZ was superior to that on ALK.


In this paper, a frequency diverse array-based directional modulation with artificial noise synthesis scheme is proposed to enhance the physical layer security of wireless communications. We aim to optimize the secrecy performance by jointly optimizing the frequency offsets, the beamforming vector, and the artificial-noise projection matrix (ANPM). Specifically, we address the physical layer security problems for known locations of proximal eavesdropper (Eve) and legitimate user (LU). The beamforming vector and frequency offsets are designed to preserve the signal power at LU. The ANPM is calculated to minimize the effect of AN on LU. Furthermore, we extend our approach to the case of multi-LUs with unknown Eve locations. Being different from the case of a single LU, the frequency offsets across array antennas are optimized to equally allocate transmitted power to each LU. The numerical results show that the proposed method can provide a higher secrecy performance than conventional DM methods. In the case of multi-LUs with unknown Eve locations, the proposed method can provide a high secrecy capacity while achieving almost equal achievable capacity to each LU.


Influence of plasma actuators on the flow separation control of NACA 0015 airfoil was investigated in an open-circuit low-speed wind tunnel.Particle Image Velocimetry(PIV) technology was applied to visualize the modification of the flow structure over the airfoil by the plasma actuators.Lift and drag were measured by a five-component strain gauge balance to investigate the separation control effect of the actuator voltage and excitation frequency.The results show that the leading-edge plasma actuators are effective in controlling the flow separation over the airfoil at low wind speeds.The maximum lift coefficient and stall angle are increased by 11% and 6 deg respectively at the free-stream velocity of 20m/s.However,at a given flow state,there exists threshold values for both the actuator voltage and excitation frequency on the actuators.The threshold values are different with the changing attack angles.At the higher attack angles,the plasma actuator's authority must be increased due to the much stronger flow separation on the airfoil.


: Two field experiments were carried out in private farm at Bani Mazar region, Al-Minia Governorate, Egypt, during the two fall seasons of 2015 and 2016 under drip irrigation system, in sandy soil. The objectives of this experiment were to study the effect of three factors i.e. cattle manure fertilization at three rates (20, 30 and 40 m 3 / fed.), water regimes at three levels (100, 80 or 60 %) from snap bean plant irrigation requirements /fed. and foliar spray with ascorbic acid at two concentrations (100 and 200 mg/ L) beside the control and their interactions on growth, productivity, water use efficiency (Kg yield / m 3 water ) as well as some chemical composition in leaves and green pods of snap bean plants. The experimental design was split-split–plot, the treatments were designated in sub-sub-plot i.e. cattle manure rates in the main plots, water regimes in the sub plots, while foliar spray with ascorbic acid arranged in the sub-sub-plot. Seeds of snap bean Bronco cv. were sown in the 2 nd week of September during the two seasons. The obtained results of the single treatments showed that, adding the degradation of cattle manure at rate of 30 m 3 / fed. followed with rate of 40 then 20 m 3 / fed., irrigated snap bean plants with 100 % from snap bean plants irrigation requirements /fed. compared with 80 % to 60% /fed. as well as foliar spraying with the aqueous solution of ascorbic acid especially at the highest rate among cattle manure at 30 m 3 /fed., irrigation regime at 60 %/ fed. and foliar spraying with ascorbic acid at the highest rate of 200 mg/ L. In addition, on the previous interaction was the favorite interaction to gain the highest marketable, total and the lowest weight of non-marketable yield as well as it is can save 20 % from irrigation requirements of snap bean plants/ fed. grown under the newly reclaimed of sandy loam soil conditions, also, increasing nutritive values i.e. carbohydrates, protein and decreasing the fiber contents % in the pods as compared with the other rest interactions. On the contrary, the interaction of adding the cattle manure at 20 m 3 /fed. with irrigation regime at 60 % /fed. and foliar spraying with ascorbic acid at rate of 100 mg/ L produced the lowest characters, these findings were true in the both fall seasons.


The radial artery courses along the lateral side of the forearm down to the wrist covered proximally by the muscular belly of the brachioradialis. Distally, the artery becomes superficial, lying on top of the radius, covered only by skin. At the wrist the artery turns dorsally by passing under the first extensor compartment containing the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis. A short segment of the artery runs between the first and third extensor compartments (extensor pollicis longus) in an area known as the "anatomic snuffbox." The radial artery then passes under the extensor pollicis longus, and pierces between the heads of the first dorsal interosseous muscle. Before contributing to the volar, deep palmar arch, the artery gives branches to the thumb (princeps pollicis artery) and to the index finger (radialis indicis artery). In this report we present three cases of radial artery thrombosis at the wrist level related to compression by the extensor pollicis longus. All three patients performed hand motion requiring carpometacarpal joint flexion with metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joint extension. They all presented with symptoms of digital ischemia and were found to have thrombosed the radial artery between the extensor pollicis longus and trapezium bone. Two of the three patients had predisposing underlying hematologic abnormalities. One patient was an otherwise healthy smoker. We believe that the rare but characteristic presentation of radial artery thrombosis in the hand is worth highlighting to the audience of plastic and hand surgeons. CASE REPORTS


Current evidence indicates that the minimum light intensity of photo curing units required to polymerize in a reliable way a composite resin, in increments of 2mm, is 300mW/cm2. The recent introduction of new generations of composite resin materials for large volume increments, partially contrasts with ISO 4049 (2009), calling for the use of light intensity of 1,000mW/cm2. Therefore, it is considered relevant to carry out periodic measurements of the emission intensity of light-curing units of clinical use. The aim of this study was to test the intensity [mW/cm2] of a representative sample of tungsten-halogen and LED photopolymerization units used in private and public health service in different areas of the Valparaiso Region in Chile. This was achieved through the use of dental radiometers, without considering the variables of intensity modification over time (either spontaneously, by undesirable inherent characteristics of the device, or by programs of intensity modification in time), or the density of accumulated power needed. This in vitro diagnostic test, evaluated a sample of 507 units, 107 halogen and 400 LED, for a period of around one month, using two radiometers as measuring instruments. For LED units the Bluephase Meter® radiometer, from Ivoclar-VivadentTM was used, and for halogen units we used the Coltolux® from ColteneTM. As a result, 85% of the LED and halogen units achieved the minimum requirements of intensity needed for the polymerization of conventional dental biomaterials. However, only 25% from the tested units achieved a power density of 1,000mW/cm2.


DATE & TIME: THURSDAY, JANUARY 29,2009, at 10:00 A.M. PLACE: 999 E STREET, N.W., WASHINGTON, D.C. (NINTH FLOOR) STATUS: THIS MEETING WILL BE OPEN TO THE PUBLIC. ITEMS TO BE DISCUSSED: Correction and Approval of Minutes. Draft Advisory Opinion 2008-20: National Right to Life Committee, Inc., by James Bopp, Jr., Esquire. Draft Advisory Opinion 2008-22: Senator Frank Lautenberg and Lautenberg for Senate, by Marc E. Elias, Esquire. Report of the Audit Division on the Missouri Democratic State Committee. Explanation and Justification for Final Rules on Reporting Contributions Bundled by Lobbyists, Registrants, and the PACs of Lobbyists and Registrants. Management and Administrative Matters.


In many South American countries, such as Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia, rural development has been held back by a lack of accessibility to many potentially rich agricultural areas. As a result, these areas are now being used for subsistence farming only rather than for more mechanized farms that could produce substantial amounts of agricultural surplus. It is apparent that road improvement could increase agricultural production and substantially reduce the user costs because the better road surfaces would encourage the use of motorized vehicles rather than animals or river boats. The better economic returns possible from the existing land would lead to an increase in the area under cultivation and eliminate the potential loss from crop deterioration resulting from a lack of access during harvest season or damage to fragile crops because of rough road surfaces. The economic analysis requires not only a determination of the costs and benefits, but an evaluation of such economic indicators as net present value, first year rate of return or internal rate of return, and optimum schedule for construction. The economic indicators, when evaluated jointly with such social factors as population density and level of education, are used to predetermine both the socioeconomic justification and the priorities for rural road construction.


Abstract : Solid-solid displacive, structural phase transformations typically undergo a discrete structural change from the parent to the product phase. Coupling electron microscopy, three-dimensional atom probe, and first-principles computations, we present the first direct evidence of a novel mechanism for a coupled diffusional-displacive transformation in an important class of titanium-molybdenum alloys wherein the displacive component in the product phase changes continuously, as a function of its composition. These results cannot be explained by conventional theories and have wide implications.


The interferon inducer 10-carboxymethyl-9-acridanone, sodium salt (CMA) is chemically and physicochemically characterized. Furthermore, a fluorimetric method of specific determination of CMA is described. The use of this assay allows to determine the content of CMA both in aqueous solutions and also in serum with a sufficient accuracy.


Two silver ammine complexes with the polyprotic aromatic acids benzene-1,2-diacarboxylic acid (phthalic acid) and benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (trimesic acid) have been prepared and their structures determined using single-crystal X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. Complex 1, [Ag2{C6H4(CO2)2}(NH3)2], is a hydrogen-bonded polymer based on a simple diamminephthalatodisilver(I) species, with an ammonia molecule and a single phthalate carboxylate oxygen bonded to separate silver atoms, giving essentially linear co-ordination [Ag–N 2.116(3), Ag–O 2.134(2)A, O–Ag–N 175.3(1)°]. All three ammine hydrogens are involved in intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions, giving a chain polymer. Complex 2, [NH4][Ag5{C6H3(CO2)3}2(NH3)2(H2O)2]·H2O, is a two-dimensional sheet polymer based on a pseudo-centrosymmetric S-type trimer unit, linked by the carboxylate groups of two independent trimesate residues [Ag ⋯ Ag 2.928(1), 2.946(1)A]. The two ammonia molecules are also bonded linearly to two independent silvers [Ag–N 2.141 (6), 2.159(7)A; N–Ag–O 166.1(2), 170.2(2)°]. The terminal silvers provide bonding links to adjacent trimesate carboxyl oxygens between the layers while the third trimesate carboxyl group forms conventional centrosymmetric bis[(carboxylato-O,O′)silver(I)] dimers [Ag ⋯ Ag 2.847(1), 2.856(4)A], with water molecules in the axial sites for the dimer. A third compound 3, ammonium silver(I) pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxylate [NH4][Ag{C4H2N2(CO2)2}], has also been prepared using a procedure similar to that for 1 and 2. However, unlike them, it has no bonded ammines but has a distorted trigonal-planar co-ordination involving two carboxylate oxygens [Ag–O 2.333(6), 2.376(5)A] and one heteronitrogen [Ag–N 2.249(6)A], from three separate ligand molecules, giving a polymer structure.


A plastic mold split surface gas inlet demoulding mechanism consists of a convex mold and a concave mold, wherein, a pulling slab is arranged on the convex mold, a pulling hook is arranged on the concave mold, and the pulling hook is contacted with the pulling slab.The mechanism is characterized in that the concave mould is provided with a blowing passage which is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet, the convex mold is provided with a top wind passage and a plurality of split surface gas inlet passages, the top wind passage is provided with a wind inlet and a wind outlet, the gas inlet passages of the spit surfaces are respectively provided with a wind injecting port and a wind blowing port, the gas flow produced from the wind blowing ports is positioned in the gap between the convex mold and the plastic production. The demoulding time of the demoulding mechanism is short, the plastic production can automatically fall off within the molding completion time of the injection molding machine, and therefore, the production efficiency is improved. On the other hand, the pulling path of the pulling slab is short, the influence to the mold is small, and the service life is long.


In this paper, we will establish some new Lyapunov-type inequalities for a class of second-order boundary value problems with a parameter. The inequalities generalize some early results in the literature.


I carefully read the paper titled ÂńUsing NDII pattern for a semi-distributed rainfallrunoff model in tropical nested catchments Âż, by Sriwongsitanon et al. This paper completes a previous paper by Sriwongsitanon et al., 2016, showing that NDII is correlated with the dynamics of the water level in the root zone reservoir of the FLEXL lumped model, suggesting that NDII could be used as a proxy of then water content for the one hand, and could improve the model performance for the other hand.


The reasons causing A grade flaw detection substandard of 7A04 aluminum alloy plate have been analyzed.The defect positions have been analyzed by macro-scope,microscope and scanning electron microscope.The inclusions in products have been found,which causes the detected defects.The improvement measures were put forward,such as increasing the purity of the melt metal,improving the glass fiber cloth used for distribution of liquid metal.


We present sufficient conditions for the (strong) statistical stability of some classes of multidimensional piecewise expanding maps. As a consequence we get that a certain natural two-dimensional extension of the classical one-dimensional family of tent maps is statistically stable.


In this chapter, we draw inspiration from Stuart Elden (2017a, n.p.), who asks how 'can we understand how place-people-power relations were labelled, conceptualised and practiced in different times and places'? What might be gained by placing more emphasis on the 'geocorporeal - the bodies in these spaces', as well as on political, economic, strategic, legal, or technical issues? In what follows, we respond to that question, with a view to pushing forward existing work on settler colonialism; its consequences and affects; and intersections with bodies, sites, regions, territories, and the power relations that co-constitute them.


The electron-positron pair creation is one of the various mechanisms of interaction of photon radiation with matter and the pair can be produced when the photon interacts with an atomic nucleus or an electron. The photon energy thresholds kth for these reactions are respectively ~ 2m0c2 or 4m0c2 (m0 is the rest mass of one electron and c is the speed of light in vacuum). An interesting feature of the electron-positron pair creation occurs when a very low energy photon (k > m0c2). In this note the kinematics of collision between a photon and an electron is reviewed and the particular and interesting feature of the triplet pair production when ultra-relativistic electrons interact with soft photons is briefly described.


In this paper, the entropy generation rate in unsteady buoyancy-driven hydromagnetic couple stress fluid flow through a porous channel has been investigated. The partial differential equations are converted into their corresponding dimensionless equivalence, including the prescribed initial boundary conditions. These equations were solved using the Adomian decomposition method and the behaviour of some pertinent fluid variables, such as velocity, temperature, entropy generation rate and the irreversibility ratio were examined and discussed for different parameters of interest, which include, the Grashof number, the Hartmann's number, the Reynolds number, the Brinkman number and the couple stress paReceived: January 16, 2017 Revised: May 21, 2017 Published: July 14, 2017 c © 2017 Academic Publications, Ltd. url: www.acadpubl.eu Correspondence author 312 S.O. Kareem, S.O. Adesanya, J.A. Falade, U.E. Vincent rameter. It was found that the entropy generation rate in the fluid model largely depends on the intermolecular forces between the fluid parcels. This has accounted for the observed increase in the entropy generation rate with respect to the couple stress parameter. Other observed entropy generation rate trends found their cause to the internal phenomenon in the fluid, though may be triggered by other forces such as the buoyancy and the Lorentz forces. Graphs are shown to illustrate the findings. AMS Subject Classification: 76D05, 35Q30


This paper gives sufficient conditions on the sequence {an}n=1 to ensure that the number ∑∞ n=1 1 √ an is irrational.


Acoustic schwannomas are benign tumors that arise from perineural Schwann cells encasing the cochlear and vestibular divisions of the eighth cranial nerve. These tumors most commonly arise from the vestibular division in the region of Scarpa's ganglion within the internal auditory canal (IAC) and spread medially to involve the cerebellopontine angle (CPA). Such tumors typically present with progressive unilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) with tinnitus and some degree of dysequilibrium or vestibular dysfunction. Rarely, acoustic schwannomas may also involve the labyrinth. This can result from lateral growth of tumor originating in the IAC or may represent the primary site of origin of the tumor. Although primary intralabyrinthine acoustic schwannomas may be asymptomatic, they most commonly are seen with vestibular symptoms and findings with associated SNHL. The diagnosis of Meniere's disease is often given to these patients, with the correct diagnosis being made only at labyrinthectomy for control of vestibular complaints. Although plain-film radiographic evaluation of the temporal bone and even computed tomography (CT) have not been adequate to image these small tumors, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been shown to identify labyrinthine involvement by acoustic schwannoma in two reported We report a case of a patient with unilateral acoustic schwannoma involving the labyrinth, IAC,


In this paper, the diversity effect generated during the encoding process of polar codes is analyzed. The performance advantage of polar codes based on the diversity effect is proved by introducing the concept of bit correlation. During the process of polar encoding, bits with high correlation are placed further apart in the bit sequence, resulting in diversity gain. Most multimedia services take place indoors, where the reflection and diffraction of wireless signal lead to multipath fading effect. This environment provides the possibility to further utilize the diversity effect of polar codes. Based on the diversity effect, this paper proposes a mapping design scheme between polar coded bits and complex symbols from the perspective of Euclidean distance. Simulation results show that the proposed mapping scheme provides performance gain compared with the non-optimized scheme.


An adult female Mecheri in an organized sheep farm exhibiting the signs suggestive of Johne's disease was positive for the bacilli, Mycobacterium avium sub species paratuberculosis by Zeihl - Neelson technique and the haematological and serum biochemical parameters of the positive case were analyzed. The case on necropsy was confirmed for Johne's disease by it's characteristic gross lesions and histopathological findings. Faecal examination and necropsy revealed the concurrent infestation by the stomach worm, Haemonchus spp.


The accumulated evidence concerning the catalytic role of rabbit muscle creatine kinase will be discussed in light of the recently reported x-ray structures of an arginine kinase and a creatine kinase from chicken mitochondrion.


tional institutional safeguards such as an ombudsman, a public advocate, or independent administrative courts to supplement the system of checks and balances, which seems inadequate to control administrative abuse and misuse of power. Contributors Kenneth Kraemer and John Leslie King write about the growing constitutional significance of computers and information systems. They do not note that the Portuguese Constitution provides limitations upon the use of data banks (as well as providing an ombudsman). This is just one clue that the American Constitution, which has served us so well for two hundred years, may have to be amended for the next century to account for the realities of the modern administrative state. Jay Sigler Rutgers University


Innovation is a key factor in long term economical growth. The success of any innovation depends on the efficiency and innovation of the idea, generated during the research phase of the innovation process. Knowing that, we can consider the correct choice of a reliable instrument for funding the research phase in innovative projects, as one of the most important management decisions. In this aspect the main goal of the study is to examine the "pre-commercial procurement" as possible instrument for funding research activities in Bulgarian enterprises. The main task of the author is to explore the nature and the characteristics of "pre-commercial procurement". The main subjects of the paper are the positive and the negative sides of this financial instrument.


ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The majority of traumatic brain injury (TBI) cases result in death in the early phase; predicting short-term prognosis of affected patients is necessary to prevent this. This study aimed to examine the association between the lactate-to-albumin ratio (LAR) on admission and outcomes in the early phase of TBI. METHODS: This retrospective observational study included patients with TBI who visited our emergency department between January 2018 and December 2020. TBI was considered as an head abbreviated injury scale (AIS) score of 3 or higher and other AIS of 2 or lower. The primary and secondary outcomes were 24-h mortality and massive transfusion (MT), respectively. RESULTS: In total, 460 patients were included. The 24-h mortality was 12.6% (n=28) and MT was performed in 31 (6.7%) patients. In the multivariable analysis, LAR was associated with 24-h mortality (odds ratio [OR], 2.021; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.301–3.139) and MT (OR, 1.898; 95% CI, 1.288–2.797). The areas under the curve of LAR for 24-h mortality and MT were 0.805 (95% CI, 0.766–0.841) and 0.735 (95% CI, 0.693–0.775), respectively. CONCLUSION: LAR was associated with early-phase outcomes in patients with TBI, including 24-h mortality and MT. LAR may help predict these outcomes within 24 h in patients with TBI.


Based on Stepwise linear Regression, protein content of ground wheat was analyzed and determined. Spectrum was divided into three ranges,which were Ⅰ (1000nm - 1400nm) and Ⅱ (1400nm - 1860nm) and Ⅲ (1860nm -2500nm). Regression wavelengths of different ranges were selected by stepwise. Regression coefficients were calculated by Matlab5. 3 Program. Regression Models were built up in different ranges. Determination results of protein content of ground wheat were displayed with scatter plot. Different results were discussed and compared.


Methods for determining the sensor recognition threshold for recognizing that a plurality of teeth or tooth grooves of the position sensor is present before the (260) (T1, T2, T3, T4) (100) is proposed. This method, when the tooth and tooth groove of the position sensor is passed guided beside the sensor (260), reading step (110 reading a sensor signal (502) representing the temporal course of the measured magnetic field ) to have. In addition, the method calculates a first value based on the maximum value of the first value and the sensor signals based on the minimum value of the sensor signal (502), from the sensor signal within a predetermined time interval (502) and a calculation step of (120). The method also includes calculating step (130) for calculating a difference value representing a predetermined percentage of the difference between the value and the at least one value based on the minimum value based on at least one of the maximum value of the sensor signal (502) is also It has. Finally this method is to represent a value corresponding to a result of said recognition threshold is added to the first value based the difference value to the minimum value of the sensor signal, the recognition threshold (T1, T2, T3, and a determining step of determining a T4) (140). .FIELD 1


Based on the interaction between corporate pension plans and social welfare,the paper addresses positive influence of developing pension plans in Heilongjiang from both macro and micro angles,through a historical,comparative and quantitative analysis.By putting economics theories into social reality,comparing pension historical development in Heilongjiang with those in other provinces and abroad,it makes both qualitative and quantitative analysis on the restrictive factors in pension development.The research also gives policy suggestions on patterns of pension organization and its regulation in order to accelerate pension market growth for the purpose of realizing "the second pillar" of a multi-pillar social retirement insurance scheme in Heilongjiang.


In recent years, there have been several papers showing the utility of metric regularity=or Lipschitz behaviour=or openness at a linear rate of multivalued mappings in the study of optimization problems (see [41, 1, 13, 37, 25, 43, 44, 31–35, 7, 16–21, 24], and references therein). Conditions ensuring metric regularity have been expressed in terms of subdi erentials or tangent cones. In in nite dimensions, most of these conditions for nonsmooth cases require veri cation around the point but not at the point, and moreover they are generally stated in a complicated way. Thus, to overcome this di culty, Io e [13] introduced the so-called nite codimension property in terms of topologically closed approximate subdi erentials and normal cones. Using the notion introduced by Borwein and Strojwas [4, 5] as a point of departure, we introduced in [24] a new class of multivalued mappings between Banach spaces called partially compactly epi-Lipschitzian to extend the easily veri able ( nite dimensional) su cient criteria of Io e [9] and Mordukhovich [30–33] to in nite dimensions. This class of multivalued mappings obeys to the following important condition: if F is a multivalued mapping between two Banach spaces X and Y belonging to this class and if (x0; y0) is in the graph GrF of F , then [24] there are norm-compact sets H ⊂X and


A preserved meat (beef or pork) is prepared from edible meat, soy, ginger juice, yellow wine, flavouring wine or liquor, gourmet powder, edible salt, sugar, VC, spices powder, sodium nitrite, potassium sorbate, milk powder, bone powder and cane sugar through slicing meat, mixing it with others, spreading on screen, baking, roasting and packing.


OBJECTIVE: To establish the risk factors for the recidivism in adolescent pregnancy
treated at the National Teacher Mother Child "San Bartolome" Hospital in 2014.
METHODS: The study was analyzed cases and controls. The sample was composed
194 adolescents in total, divided into two groups: 97 adolescents with recurrent
pregnancy (case group) and 97 adolescents with a single pregnancy that culminated in
childbirth (CONTROL GROUP). For a simple case group and the control group for
convenience sampling random probability sampling it was performed. In the descriptive
analysis were estimated absolute and relative frequencies (%) and measures of central
holding (X) and dispersion (DS). To evaluate the association was used Chi-square test
and to assess the risk the Odd Ratio (OR).
RESULTS: Between the personages of risk for recurrence of adolescent pregnancy
were single marital status (p=0.000) (OR=4.53) and snuff consumption (p=0.03)
(OR=4.86). Respect to reproductive and obstetric factors, early menarche (p=0.000)
(OR=8.07), the initiation of sexual intercourse less than 15 years (p = 0.000) (OR =
6.39), the number of sexual partners than or equal 3 (p=0.003) (OR=4.94), the non use
of contraception (p=0.036) (OR=1.88), sexual risk behavior (p = 0.004) (OR=2.42),
unplanned pregnancy (p = 0.000) (OR=6.33), cesarean delivery (p = 0.013) (OR=2.20)
are associated to the recurrence of teen pregnancy and formed a risk for the same.
Between the psychosocial risk factors include a history of psychological violence
(p=0.022) (OR=3.60), the frequent change of partner (p=0.001) (OR=2.71) and age
less than or equal to 19 years couple (p=0.035) (OR=2.53).
CONCLUSION: Marital status Single, snuff consumption, early menarche, the onset of
sexual intercourse before age 15, to have from 3 to more sexual partners, not using
contraception, risk of sexual behavior, pregnancy non planned cesarean birth, history
of physical violence, changing partners and lower age of 19 partners are risk factors for
the recurrence of adolescent pregnancy treated at the National Teacher "San
Bartolome" Mother Child Hospital in 2014.
KEYWORDS: PREGNANCY RECIDIVIST, RISK FACTORS, TEEN PREGNANCY.


— Information security is gaining increasingly more importance for real-time industrial automation networks. Multicast communication is used widely especially on field and process level to cope with performance requirements and to ease the handling of communication peers as the destinations need not to be known by the sender. A security design must not interfere with these communication types. For these reasons, a solution is required allowing to perform an efficient authentication of field level multicast communication.


BACKGROUND
The use of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for antiseizure medications (ASMs) may contribute to treatment optimization in individual patients. The present study included patients with Dravet syndrome as they often require close monitoring, owing to polypharmacy with various ASMs. The aim was to use long-term TDM to investigate pharmacokinetic variability of ASMs in these patients.

METHODS
Retrospective data from patients with Dravet syndrome were collected from the TDM database at the Section for Clinical Pharmacology, National Center for Epilepsy in Norway (2008-2018). Concentration/(dose/kg)-ratios (C/D-ratios) were calculated for the ASMs, and the concentration (C/C-ratio) for N-desmethylclobazam. In patients with at least three measurements, the coefficient of variation (CV) for C/D-ratios for intra- and inter-patient variability was calculated.

RESULTS
Fifty-three patients (30 male patients/23 female patients) between 2 and 50 years of age (mean, 16 years) were included. Pharmacokinetic variability of the total number of measurements of valproate (n=417), clobazam and N-desmethylclobazam (n=328), and levetiracetam (n=238) was determined. Inter-patient variability was more pronounced than intra-patient variability (CVs: valproate, 65% vs. 24%; levetiracetam, 71% vs. 27%; clobazam/N-desmethylclobazam, 47%/77% vs. 35%/55%) (p<<0.01). Comedication with stiripentol (n=16) increased the C/D-ratio of valproate by 63% and of clobazam by 133% and C/C-ratio of N-desmethylclobazam/clobazam by 104% (p<0.05). Younger age also contributed to pharmacokinetic variability.

CONCLUSION
Long-term TDM revealed extensive variability in serum concentrations over time; the variability was lowest for levetiracetam, moderate for valproate, and highest for clobazam. Pharmacokinetic variability and interactions can thus be identified and adjusted to facilitate decision-making to achieve the optimal treatment outcome.


PURPOSES : About 35% of air pollutant is occurred from road transport. NOx is the primary pollutant. Recently, the importance of NOx removal has arisen in the world. TiO₂ is very efficient for removing NOx by photocatalytic reaction. The mechanism of removing NOx is the reaction of photocatalysis and solar energy. Therefore, TiO₂ in concrete need to be contacted with solar radiation to be activated. In general, TiO₂ concrete are produced by substitute TiO₂ as a part of concrete binder. However, 90% of TiO₂ in the photocatalysis can not contacted with the pollutant in the air and solar radiation. Coating and penetration method are attempted as the alternative of mixing method in order to locate TiO₂ to the surface of structure. METHODS : The goal of this study was to attempt to locate TiO₂ to the surface of concrete, so we can use the concrete in pavement construction. The distribution of TiO₂ along the depth were confirmed by basing on the comparison of TiO₂ compare by using the EDAX(Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy). RESULTS : TiO₂ were distributed within 3mm from concrete surface. This distribution of TiO₂ is desirable, since the TiO₂ induce photocatalysis are located to where they can be contacted with the air pollutant and solar radiation. CONCLUSIONS : Nano size TiO₂ is easily penetration in the top 3mm of concrete surface. By the penetration TiO₂ concrete can be produced with the use of only 10% of TiO₂, by comparing the mixing types.


1. The assumptions underlying the current methods of determining the efficiency of drugs or a mixture of drugs as an anthelmintic are set out. 2. The method of assessing the efficiency of a given drug or mixture of drugs, as used by Seddon and Ross, is cited and objections to its value are given. 3. A method is suggested whereby the mean efficiency of a drug or mixture of drugs can be assessed, in terms of the initial and residual infestation of selected animals. 4. In the light of the suggested method, Roberts' data for the efficiency of various drugs and mixtures of drugs, as specifics against H. contortus infestation in sheep, are fully investigated.


It is difficult to form magnesium alloys at room temperature due to its material properties. In this paper, I analyzed the optimal temperature conditions of the cold-forming using the high-pressure lamination test and the forming process was also was analyzed with the finite element analysis. That was quantitatively analyzed the mechanical properties through sheet metal test specimens at room temperature, 230℃, 250℃, 270℃ and 4 under the different conditions, depending on the method of forming the magnesium AZ31.


This study aims to reveal the metaphorical perceptions related to the concept of Science and Art Center (SAC,) which is a state institution where the gifted students in Turkey receive support for their education. For this purpose, gifted students were asked to produce metaphors about SAC concepts. The participants of the research are 59 students attending Çanakkale SAC in Çanakkale city, Turkey. However, 52 students areincluded in the study. The research is based on the phenomenological approach of qualitative research methods. The data of the study were collected by metaphor questionnaire consisting of two parts. The collected data were analyzed by content analysis method. In[HST1] the direction of the data obtained from the research, the perceptions of SAC of the gifted students were revealed. The perceptions of gifted students in the study were examined in terms of changes in gender and the education program they were enrolled. It has been found that gifted students have perceptions related to SAC in seven categories: safe and relaxing environment, source and conveyor of information, developer and guiding, entertaining learning environment, beneficial learning environment, astonishing learning environment and boring learning environment. Two different data coding systems were used to reveal 7 different categories, The result was checked in accordance with Miles and Huberman reliability coefficent and the result was 91%.


Based on analysis of current situation of representative construction system of government-invested projects, this paper studied the problems in promoting representative construction system, and put forward the corresponding suggestions to solve the problems.


A wind develops inside the perceptible pathway of a radar not simply makes undesirable radar returns as false targets furthermore truly impacts the radar's ability to distinguish centres of excitement for the area of the farm. In this work, accurate RCS models of wind turbines are delivered in perspective of honest to goodness wind turbine mess estimations, and acknowledgement probabilities of Swerling-1 centres and moreover undesirable wind turbines are registered. Results appear differently about those gained by expecting that wind turbine chaos is Rayleigh (or exponentially) circled.


Architecture and properties of the virtual probes created by the analog modules of the IEEE Std 1149.4 test bus are presented. Capabilities of the bus co-operated with the CIM 97 Multidiatest Measurement System in the area of the analog signal were investigated on the examples of the resistance, capacitance and inductance measurement. Application of the bus, when access to analog nodes of the circuits is limited and the analytical method is needed for supporting of testing, is discussed.


PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between relative training load and non-contact injuries in collegiate football players.METHODS: Eleven players were enrolled in this study. During sports competitions, data were collected using global positioning system (GPS) units (10 Hz), and information on sport-related injuries of the lower extremities was recorded. The acute-to-chronic workload ratio (ACWR) of total distance covered, high-intensity distance (≥18 km/hours), sprint distance (≥21 km/hours) and bouts, work-torest ratio, and acceleration-deceleration bouts were calculated. Data were evenly split into quartiles, with the lowest ACWR range used as a reference group. Odds ratios were calculated to determine the injury risk at a given ACWR of each GPS variable, using a logistic regression analysis.RESULTS: Six players experienced nine injuries, yielding an incidence of 132.93 injuries per 1,000 athlete exposures. Based on ACWR values, the highest risk of injury was most associated with total distance covered, followed by high-intensity distance, and sprint bouts. The lowest risk of injury was associated with sprint distance, which yielded a lower injury risk than that in the reference group.CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows the need for continued monitoring of in-game athlete performance in preventing non-contact sportrelated injuries in football players.


Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice is animal model of autoimmune disease known as rheumatic arthritis in human. We investigated CII-specific CD4+ T cell receptor usage in CIA mice. Methods: In CIA model, draining lymph node (dLN) CD4+ T cells and splenocytes at 3 rd , 5 th ,8 th week, we investigated CII-specific T cell proliferation, production of IL-17, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-10. And we also performed anti-CII IgG Ab measurements in serum level, TCRV β usage and T cell clonality with RT-PCR-SSCP analysis. Also, we performed proliferative response against CII when CII-specific T cell subset is deleted. Results: CIA mice showed more increase in the serum level of anti-CII IgG than normal mice after induction of arthritis. And the level of anti-CII IgG2a in CIA mice was increased after 3 rd week after primary immunization, while anti-CII IgG1 was decreased. Draining LN CD4+ T cells have proliferated against CII stimulation at 3 rd week after 1 st immunization. CD4+T cells derived from dLN of CIA mice produced proinflammatory cytokine IFN-γ, IL-17 etc. Draining LN CD4 T cells of CIA presented higher proportion of CD4+V β3+subset compared to those of normal mice at 3 rd week after 1 st immunization, and they were increased in proportion by CII stimulation. Draining LN CD4+ T cells without TCRV β3+/Vβ8.1/8.2+/Vβ10b+cells were not responsive against CII stimulation. But, CII-reactive response of TCRV β3-/Vβ8.1/8.2-/Vβ10b- T cells was recovered when Vβ3+ T cells were added in culture. Conclusion: Our results indicate that CD4+Vβ3+ T cells are selectively expanded in dLN of CIA mice, and their recovery upon CII re-stimulation in vitro, as well as the production Th1-type cytokines, may play pivotal role in CIA pathogenesis.


Human aminopeptidase B (APB) is a hydrolytic zinc metalloenzyme currently being investigated as a biocatalyst for intranasal delivery of prodrug/enzyme combinations. APB is known to be unstable in solution, with significant degradation over the course of 24 hr at room temperature. Therefore, enzyme stability is a major concern to ensure a viable drug product. Lyophilization is one technique commonly used to increase the activation energy for denaturization of proteins and confer an extended shelf-life. However, the lyophilization process itself can cause conformational changes and aggregation, leading to inactivation of the enzyme. In this study, we demonstrate the use of the substrate avizafone (AVF), a prodrug for diazepam, as a stabilizer to minimize inactivation of APB during lyophilization. Permutations of APB samples combined with AVF, trehalose, and/or mannitol were snap frozen and lyophilized at 0.016 mbar and 24 °C for 18 hr. The lyophilizates were then reconstituted in pH 7.4 PBS at 32 °C to measure the activity of APB. Of the permutations, an APB+AVF+trehalose combination resulted in minimum degradation with 71% retention of activity. This was followed by APB+AVF and APB+trehalose with 60% and 56% retention of activity respectively. In comparison, APB+mannitol and APB alone retained only 16% and 6.4% activity. Lyophilizates of the APB+AVF+trehalose formulation were subjected to a 6-month accelerated stability study, at the end of which negligible reduction in activity was observed. These results suggest co-lyophilization of an enzyme with its substrate can impart stability on par with the commonly used lyoprotectant, trehalose, but the combination of substrate and trehalose provides a greater stabilizing effect than either additive alone.


A review of recent literature on the topic of mentoring (e.g. Caldwell & Carter, 1993; Wunsch, 1994) identified many issues that need to be considered when introducing a mentoring system at the tertiary level. For example, choices can be made between informal systems (relationships "left to chance") and more formal arrangements (relationships planned and purposeful, with clear agreement on roles and responsibilities of both mentor and mentee). Issues raised in the literature (e.g. Janette Long's 1994 AARE Conference paper on the "dark side of mentoring") suggest that more formal arrangements may have advantages, on the grounds that clear agreement can be achieved on issues such as the main focus of the relationship (e.g. writing research grant applications, writing for publication), the rights and responsibilities of partners (e.g. frequency of contact, rights re authorship of publications, amount of direct involvement or other contribution in joint research projects). Apparently mentoring arrangements work best if all parties are very clear about their roles. Other issues to consider include support (some programs provide funds for mentee and mentor), mentors sometimes selected from outside the Department (this has the advantage of a wider field to identify needed skills and less risk of negative outcomes if the relationship sours).


The present invention discloses an intelligent five-axis robot, comprising a robot arm and five kinematic mechanism, wherein the arm movement mechanism is carried on a vertically moving mechanism, and can be driven in a vertical movement mechanism testimony vertical mobile positioning; rollover motion mechanism carried swing arm moving mechanism, and rotatably driven by the movement of the swinging arm mechanism; horizontal movement mechanism and the rotational movement mechanism are performed ends carried on pivot motion mechanism, and can rotate together with the driven tilting movement mechanism, and horizontal movement mechanism can bring the longitudinal direction of the telescopic arm reciprocates in the main, performs a rotational movement mechanism can bring the end of the coil flange which rotates; reasonable mounting position arranged by the five motion mechanism, reducing arm movement mechanism , and the carrying capacity of the horizontal movement mechanism, so that the robot is not only five-axis movement speed, small inertia, flexible operation, and the positioning accuracy, stability, good safety.


The article analyzes the existence of the traditional peasant institution of mutual aid, the basis of the functioning of the rural community, in the first decades of the Soviet state. The research is based on archival materials of the Central State Archive of the Republic of Mordovia, presented by protocols of village gatherings, resolutions, instructions, reports of the party and Soviet authorities, reports of law enforcement agencies. In order to recreate the traditional community foundations, folklore and ethnographic information was used. Emphasis is placed on the study of the process of transformation of the custom of peasant mutual aid in the 1920s in the Mordovia peasant community, characterized by the strength of the established foundations. Special attention is paid to the influence of peasant committees of public mutual assistance on community traditions of mutual aid. It is concluded that the significance of the traditional custom remains, despite some changes, due to the influence of state policy.


Robotics in the service sector is still beginning. With few applications currently adapted, a big part of what is being done in this sector is in research. However, this situation will not last long. As actuators and sensors are advancing rapidly, new robots like TiaGo are beginning to appear, which is specifically designed for this purpose. TiaGo is a robot designed by PAL robotics, a Barcelona based company. It combines mobile robot technology with an anthropomorphic robotic arm. This project revolves around the use of TiaGo in an hospital environment. In the paralysis rehabilitation deparment of the Hospital San Vicente del Raspeig, robotics is being introduced as a helpful tool for recovery. During this project a model of the plant has been created in Gazebo, in which the simulation takes place. The main objective of this project is to program TiaGo in order to feed a patient. This is done controlling its base, arm, torso, hand and head through ROS (Robotics Operating System). ROS is a middleware in charge of communications between the robot's sensors, actuators and control algorithms. Furthermore, an artificial vision application has been developed in order to detect de patient's face. This application uses the libraries OpenCV, focused on vision, and DLib, focused on machine learning.


Turmeric extracts contain more than one bioactive component, which have different properties when used to modulate ultraviolet induced genotoxicity. These differences were found depending on the nature and extent of the damage to the bacterial DNA, which indicates the existence of a natural switching process in sensing the damage.


Phosphazenes are a well-studied class of organometallic compounds with perspective characteristics, already tested in various applications. However, until now, three-dimensionally crosslinked structures based on them are primarily obtained by irradiation (that is UV and Cobalt-60). It is generally accepted that such processes proceed via the mechanism of the cleavage of C-H bonds present in the organic substituents, which clearly indicates the lack of selectivity and the impossibility to control the crosslinking degree and distribution. Within this article, multifunctional organosubstituted structures based on the short-chain penta-functional trichlorophosphazodichlorophosphonyl with eugenol and methacrylic fragments were obtained. All products were characterized by1H and31P NMR spectroscopy and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The tendency of compounds with linear methacrylic substituents to undergo the phosphazene-phosphazane rearrangement, so that the dominant reaction product turns to the tetrasubstituted derivative, has been shown. All the obtained compounds can be used as the independent monomers to obtain rigid hybrid organo-inorganic matrices, as well as polyfunctional crosslinking agents for various polymers.


Low‐level cadmium exposure causes bone loss in vitro and in vivo as a result of increased osteoclastic activity. A microarray analysis of bone cell RNA indicated that the CCN protein, Cyr61, was the most upregulated gene 2 and 4 hours after cadmium exposure in vivo. Upregulation of Cyr61 in osteoblasts was hypothesized to signal osteoclast aggregation and fusion mediated by the αVβ3 integrin. Cadmium‐induced Cyr61 expression was investigated in the osteoblastic cell line, 7F2 and a pre‐osteoclastic cell line, RAW264.7. RNA and protein were isolated from cells after exposure to 100 nM cadmium. Beta‐estradiol and 1,25 vitamin D were used as positive controls for Cyr61 expression in osteoblastic cells. RT‐PCR and semi‐quantitative PCR was performed using Cyr61 and GAPDH primers. Preliminary results of PCR and Western blotting show distinct Cyr61 RNA and protein expression in RAW 264.7 cells after cadmium exposure. Little cadmium‐induced Cyr61 expression was observed in 7F2 cells. These data confirm immunohistochemical staining data from our lab that pre‐osteoclasts expressed Cyr61 10 hrs after cadmium exposure whereas cadmium did not induce Cyr61 protein expression in another osteoblastic cell line. These data suggest an independent function for Cyr61 in the aggregation of osteoclasts without the contribution of osteoblastic signaling.


Brain MRI revealed a 5.7x4.3x4.2 cm in the third ventricle with isosignal intensity on T1W, heterogeneous signal on T2W and FLAIR (not shown). The mass showed intense heterogeneous enhancement on T1W after gadolinium injection. Extension to the suprasellar cistern was demonstrated on sagittal T1W after gadolinium injection (Figure 1a). There was also thickening and enhancement of the pituitary stalk, suggestive of involvement or origin of hypothalamus. The coronal T1W after gadolinium injection showed separation of the mass from lateral ventricle (Figure 1b). The inferior wall of the lateral ventricle was displaced upward as well as the septum pellucidum.


The utility model discloses a positioning pressing machine with the two-way adjustment clamp position, and belongs to the technical field of clamps. The positioning pressing machine comprises a rack and a positioning clamp located on the rack, and the positioning clamp comprises a working table face plate, a clamp base plate located on the working table face plate and positioning pins; a pin hole is formed in the top face of the clamp base plate, a through groove which is communicated with the pin hole is formed in the lateral face of the clamp base plate, a wedge block is arranged in the through groove, the bottom face of each positioning pin is an inclined face and abuts against the wedge face of the wedge block, the inclined faces are matched with the wedge face of the wedge block, the height of the positioning pins is not larger than the thickness of the clamp base plate, and a pull handle extending out of the clamp base plate is arranged at the end of the wedge block. Two transversely-formed sliding grooves are formed in the clamp base plate and pass through the upper surface and the lower surface of the clamp base plate, and two longitudinally-formed T-shaped grooves are formed in the upper surface of the working table face plate. Different positioning pins are used for different product workpieces, and the applicability and the efficiency of the pressing machine are improved.


Objective:To study the imaging characters of ureterocele associated to duplex system and to guide the clinic to choose suitable examination.Methods:Fifteen cases proved by operations and pathology or imaging examinations of ureterocele associated to duplex system were analyzed retrospectively.All the cases were performed ultrasonograghy,intravenous urography and multi-slice computed tomography(among which fourteen cases received three-phase enhancement scan);seven cases were performed magnetic resonance urography.Results:14 cases of ureterocele associated to duplex system were diagnosed right by MSCT,1 case with ectopic ureteral opening was not found,the diagnositic sensetivity was 93.3 percent;10 diagnosed right by intravenous urography,4 cases with ectopic ureteral opening were not found,the diagnositic sensetivity was 66.7 percent;6 diagnosed right by magnetic resonance urography,1 case with ectopic ureteral opening was not found,the diagnositic sensetivity was 85.7 percent;13 diagnosed right by ultrasonography,the diagnositic sensetivity was 86.7 percent,4 cases with ectopic ureteral opening were not found.Conclusion:All the imaging findings had their own characteritics of ureterocele associated to duplex system,ultrasonograghy combined to multi-slice computed tomography was the best suitable examination to diagnose it.choosing suitable imaging examinations can help to realize this disease and improve the diagnositic sensitivity.