BACKGROUND: This study was conducted at the NICU of Dr B C Roy Post Graduate Institute of Paediatric Sciences, a tertiary care children's hospital in Kolkata, West Bengal, India, to study the immediate outcome of the referred sick neonates and peripheral utilization of resources before and during transport. METHODOLOGY: A prospective observational study on 250 new born babies referred to Dr. B. C. Roy Post-Graduation Institute of Paediatric Sciences, Kolkata, India during the period of June 2016 to May 2017. At the admission detailed clinical assessment of the baby has been done and clinical physiological parameters (TOPS- Temperature, Oxygenation (Airway & Breathing), Perfusion, Sugar) were recorded. Pre transport TOPS and transport TOPS were noted. The babies were followed up for the next seventy two hours to study the correlation between the utilization of the resources and immediate outcome of the babies in terms of death, cardiorespiratory support (mechanical ventilation, CPAP, inotrope therapy), supportive care and discharge within next 72 hours. RESULTS: Out of 250 babies, 62% were boys, 58.4% were pre term,65% were low birth weight. 60% were transported in government ambulance. 100% mortality was present in babies taking > 2 hrs to reach the hospital. 44 babies had no alteration of TOPS parameters while one parameter was affected in 115 babies (46%), two parameters were affected in 51 babies (20.4%), three parameters were affected in 30 babies (12%) and all four parameters were affected in 10 babies (10%). Hypothermia was present in 65%, hypoxia in 34.8%, hypoperfusion in 23% and hypoglycemia in 16%. 44.8% were discharged with in 72 hours, 23.6% received supportive care, 17.2% required cardio-respiratory support and 14.4% died. CONCLUSION: Emphasis on stabilization of sick new born before and during transfer should be done. Training modules to all the personnel involved in the care of a sick new born and regular practise of the same should be encouraged. In-utero transport by identifying the high-risk pregnancies is beter way to decrease the requirement of transport should be supplied. Longer duration of transportation has a high mortality


Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at greatest risk of acquiring infection in times of global pandemic of COVID-19 disease. There is an unprecedented demand of several forms of personal protective equipment (PPE) for HCWs leading to possible acute shortage of these equipment. This has paved way for development of local innovative PPEs. Objective: To test feasibility of a low cost, indigenous three-in-one face protective gear (FPG) in HCWs of a neonatal unit of a tertiary care institute in northern India. Methodology: A three-in-one FPG was developed using the commonly available items in a ward or intensive care and few trash items. Items used were sterile surgical sheet, cling wrap piece/transparency sheet, cover of umbilical catheter/any sterile hollow plastic pipe, or straw and adhesive tape. The FPG was tested in 17 HCWs regarding its ease to use, comfort, and feasibility with the help of questionnaire. Results: A total of 17 HCWs participated in this study. Majority (10, 58.8%) were doctors. Eight (47%) participants have never used any form of PPE previously. Thirteen (76.4%) participants found the FPG comfortable to wear; 12 (70.5%) found it comfortable to wear up to 8 h. Three HCWs found it difficult to work when wear the FPG; 1 out of 3 found it suffocating. Conclusion: Three-in-one FPG is an indigenous, low cost, and may be a feasible alternative in low-risk situations when there is scarcity of conventional protective equipment.


Communication with others relies on coordinated exchanges of social signals, such as eye gaze and facial displays. However, this can only happen when partners are able to see each other. Although previous studies report that autistic individuals have difficulties in planning eye gaze and making facial displays during conversation, evidence from real-life dyadic tasks is scarce and mixed. Across two studies, here we investigate how eye gaze and facial displays of typical and high-functioning autistic individuals are modulated by the belief in being seen and potential to show true gaze direction. Participants were recorded with an eye-tracking and video-camera system while they completed a structured Q&A task with a confederate under three social contexts: pre-recorded video, video-call and face-to-face. Typical participants gazed less to the confederate and produced more facial displays when they were being watched and when they were speaking. Contrary to our hypotheses, eye gaze and facial motion patterns in autistic participants were overall similar to the typical group. This suggests that high-functioning autistic participants are able to use eye gaze and facial displays as social signals. Future studies will need to investigate to what extent this reflects spontaneous behaviour or the use of compensation strategies. Lay abstract When we are communicating with other people, we exchange a variety of social signals through eye gaze and facial expressions. However, coordinated exchanges of these social signals can only happen when people involved in the interaction are able to see each other. Although previous studies report that autistic individuals have difficulties in using eye gaze and facial expressions during social interactions, evidence from tasks that involve real face-to-face conversations is scarce and mixed. Here, we investigate how eye gaze and facial expressions of typical and high-functioning autistic individuals are modulated by the belief in being seen by another person, and by being in a face-to-face interaction. Participants were recorded with an eye-tracking and video-camera system while they completed a structured Q&A task with a confederate under three social contexts: pre-recorded video (no belief in being seen, no face-to-face), video-call (belief in being seen, no face-to-face) and face-to-face (belief in being seen and face-to-face). Typical participants gazed less to the confederate and made more facial expressions when they were being watched and when they were speaking. Contrary to our hypotheses, eye gaze and facial expression patterns in autistic participants were overall similar to the typical group. This suggests that high-functioning autistic participants are able to use eye gaze and facial expressions as social signals. Future studies will need to investigate to what extent this reflects spontaneous behaviour or the use of compensation strategies.


An operator T means a bounded linear operator on a complex Hilbert space H. We give two types of mixed Hadamard's theorems containing the terms T, ITI and JT*I as extensions of Hadamard's theorem and mixed Schwarz's inequality I(Tx, y) 2 < (ITIx,x)(IT*ly,y) for any T and for any x and y in H. Also we scrutinize the cases when the equalities in these mixed Hadamard's theorems hold. 1. Statement of the results. THEOREM 1 (MIXED HADAMARD'S TYPE 1) . For any operator T on H and anly Xl X X2X ... . Xn in H, let Gn be defined by (ITIx1, Xi) (Tx,, X2) (Tx,, X3) ... (Tx,, Xn) (T*X2, X1) (IT*|X2, X2) (IT*|X2, X3) ... (IT*IX2, Xn) Gn = (T*X3,X 1) (IT* I X3, X2) (IT* I X3, X3) ... (IT*|X3,Xn) (T*Xn, X1) (IT* IXn, X2) (IT* |Xn1 X3) ... (IT* lXn, Xn) Then n 0 < Gn < (|T|xi,xi) fj(IT*fIx,xx) 3=2 and Gn = 0 if and only if Si = {lTlxl, T*X2, T*X3,. .. ,T*Xn} is a system of linearly dependent vectors if and only if S2 = {Txl, IT*Ix2, IT*Ix3,... IT*Ix0} is a system of linearly dependent vectors. On the right-hand side, equality holds if and only if (Txl, xj) = 0 for j = 2, 3, . .., n and (IT*Ixj, Xk) = 0 for j < k (j = 2, 3,.. ., -1) or Si contains the zero vector (equivalently, S2 contains the zero vector). THEOREM 2 (MIXED HADAMARD'S TYPE 2). For any operator T on H and any Xl, x2, . ... , Xn7 in H, let G2n be defined by (ITIxi, xli) (Txl, X2 ) (JTJxi, x3 ) (Txi, x4 ) -(JTJxi,x2n-i ) (Txl, x2n ) (T*x2, xl) (IT*lx2, X2) (T*x2, X3) (IT*Ix2, X4) ... (T*x2, x2n-1) (|T*|x2, x2n) (ITIX3, xl) (Tx3, X2) (ITIx3, x3) (Tx3, X4).. (ITIx3,x2n-1) (Tx3,x2n) G2n = (T*x4, x1) (IT* Ix4, x2) (T*x4, x3) (IT* x4, x4) ...(T*x4,x2n-1) (|T* x4,X2n) ( |T|x2n-1 vxl1) (Tx2n-1 v X2 ) ... ( ITIx2n -1, vx2n-1 ) (Tx2n-1, vx2n ) (T*x2n,xl) (lT*Ix2n,X2) * (T*X2n,X2n-1) (IT* Jx2n,X2n) Received by the editors November 19, 1984 and, in revised form, February 11, 1985. 1980 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 47A30; Secondary 47A99.


It is considered the Vlasov–Poisson equation for a plasma confined in an unbounded cylinder and it is proven an existence and uniqueness result for non‐L1 (but almost L1) initial charge distribution. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.


Aiming at the parameters identification in SISO relay systems,the paper introduces the concept of the characteristic domain and deduces the relationship between the characteristic domain and system parameters.The refore an open-loop identification method is proposed.Meanwhile the effect of disturbances on system parameters identification is also analyzed.


Hydrogen bonding is a complex phenomenon that is a resultant of many energy components like the electrostatic, dispersive, covalent, charge cloud overlap repulsion etc, nature of hydrogen bond (H-bond) depends on which of these components play a dominant role. Low barrier hydrogen bond (LBHB) constitutes a special category of hydrogen bonds characterized by near delocalization of proton between donor and acceptor groups of the H- bond unlike an ordinary hydrogen bond (OHB) having proton clearly localized near the donor group. The significance of LBHBs in macromolecular interactions has been highly controversial, despite may attempts the existence and potential importance of protein LBHBs remains debatable. In order to answer questions like whether or not a distinct class of LBHBs exists and if they do exist under what conditions they are formed and how do they behave differently from OHBs, a detailed study of H-bonding in Diglycine Perchlorate (DGPCl) crystal containing five unique hydrogen bonded glycinium-glycine pairs is undertaken. All O-H–O bonds of DGPCl are between the carboxyl (-COOH) and carboxylate (-COO−) groups with slightly different electron distributions resulting in observable variations in the H-bond geometries, this is an indication of varying strength of these short strong H-bonds. It is found that LBHB nature of the five O-H—O bonds between glycinium-glycine pairs (P1-P5) varies as P1 < P4 < P2 < P3 < P5. This study gives an experimental evidence of the existence of LBHBs and demonstrates that the behaviour of LBHBs is very different from that of strong OHBs.


A series of results established running time lower bounds for solving 3-SAT in terms of the number of variables n. For example, (i) Makino et al. obtained an O(1.3303n) deterministic algorithm, (ii) Hertli obtained an O(1.308n) randomized algorithm. More generally, for k − SAT (iii) Dantsin et al. obtained a deterministic O((2 − 1 k+1) n) deterministic algorithm and Paturi et al. obtained an O(2n−n/k) randomized algorithm. While these results might be improved in the future, it is believed that 3-SAT requires 2Ω(n) time. This belief is captured by the Exponential Time Hypothesis formulated by Impagliazzo and Paturi: For any k ∈ Z+ let sk = inf{s : an O(2sn) algorithm exists for k-SAT }. Conjecture 1 (Exponential Time Hypothesis). For all k ≥ 3, sk > 0. Conjecture 2 (Strong Exponential Time Hypothesis). The sequence (sk) converges to 1. Notice that (1) the ETH implies P 6= NP, (2) the ETH is equivalent to s3 > 0 as the sequence (sk) is non-decreasing. For the above n denoted the number of variables. Impagliazzo et al. however proved that one can equivalently formulate the above hypotheses in terms of the actual length of the input formulae. This can be done using the following result,


Rhizopus soft rot caused by Rhizopus stolonifer occurred on pears (Pyrus serotina) in the Jinju City Agricultural Products Wholesale Market in Korea from 2004 to 2005. The infection usually started from wounds due to cracking at harvest time. The lesions started as water-soaked, rapidly softened, then gradually expanded. The mycelia grew vigorously on the surface of the fruits and formed stolons. Colonies on potato dextrose agar at 25°C were white cottony to brownish black. Sporangia were globose, black and 90~120 μm in size. Sporangiophores were light brown and 480~2600 × 12–18 μm in size. Sporan-giospores were globose to oval, brownish, streaked, and 8~14 × 6~10 μm in size. Columella were light brownish gray, hemispherical and 70~80 μm in size. On the basis of these symptoms, mycological characteristics and pathogenicity tests on host plants, the fungus was identified as Rhizopus stolonifer (Ehrenb.) Vuill. This is the first report of rhizopus soft rot on pear (P. serotina) caused by R. stolonifer in Korea.


bladder neck is located and the ventral part of the prostate is exposed. An anterior longitudinal incision is performed starting from the bladder neck over the ventral vesico-prostatic junction down through the stenotic area to the external sphincter. The incision is enlarged to an inverted Y-shaped opening and an indwelling catheter is inserted. The tip of the V-shaped bladder flap is brought to the base of the inverted Y and closed with a running barbed suture. RESULTS: 22 patients with BNS underwent RAYV (table 1). All patients had undergone at least 2 transurethral procedures for the initial treatment. No conversion to open surgery had to be performed. The median operative time (skin to skin) was 133 min (range 69-180), the estimated blood loss was median of 5 (range 0-200) ml. There were no intraoperative and four patients with Clavien Dindo III as postoperative complications. The transurethral indwelling catheter was removed after 8 (4-25) days. The hospitalization period was median 5 (3-14) days, as patients preferred to leave the hospital without an indwelling catheter. Most of the patients showed six weeks postoperative a significant improvement of dysuria and residual volume as well as an increasing uroflowmetry (table 2). There was no recurrence of BNS with a median follow-up of 19.4 (2-42) months. CONCLUSIONS: The extraperitoneal robotic YV-plasty is a feasible and minimally invasive approach for recurrent bladder neck stenosis. Still, long-term results must confirm the efficacy in the future.


We analyze in this paper the importance of incorporating Sustainability in Higher Education Curricula as an essential component of future professionals' training. We show some advances in university teaching, management and research, refer to the main difficulties encountered and suggest ways of facing them. Our study is mainly centered in teachers' training of different levels, through their immersion in the culture of sustainability, to enable them to contribute to citizens' preparation to participate in founded decision-making about the socio-environmental problems currently faced by humanity.


Objective To observe the three dimensional micro-architecture of osteoporosis and non-osteoporosis cancellous bone and its effect on bone strength.Methods 16 adult female sheep were randomly divided into 2 groups: sham-operate group with only ovary-reveal(8 sheep)and OVX group with ovarietomy(8 sheep).During the operation, all sheep underwent dual energy x-ray absorptiometry(DEXA)for the lumbar vertebrae.12 months after operation,all sheep were sacrificed and underwent DEXA scan for lumbar spine.The cylindrical trabecular bone of vertebral body was harvested by trepan and reconstructed by micro-CT.In biomechanical evaluation,the axial compressing tests were accomplished on the cylindrical bone.Result The BMD in OVX group decreased significantly than that in Sham group (P0.01).In micro-architecture analysis,the BS/BV,Tb.Th and Tb.N in OVX group also decreased significantly,while the Tb.N and BVF increased(P0.01).In biomechanical testing,the maximum compressing strength of trabecular bone in OVX group was lower than that in sham group.The Tb.Th was highly correlated with maximum compressing strength of trabecular bone(r=0.945,R~2=0.886).The BV/TV(r=0.783,R~2=0.586)and BS/TV(r=0.643,R~2=0.372)were correlated with the maximum compressing strength.Conclusion The altering micro-architecture of trabecular bone has effect on its mechanical properties.There is some correlation between micro-structure parameters and bone strength.


The present invention discloses a method of public and private network communications and network address translation device. The method comprises: NAT device isolation process all Layer LAN port; the NAT device receives a private network to the host computer sends the DHCP request message to assign its own public IP address to the host, the IP address of the upstream router as their hosts gateway IP address returned to the host, while assigning TCP and UDP ports in the range of hosts; the ARP the IP address of the gateway NAT device receives a private network sent by the host carrying the host request message, the LAN port of the virtual interface MAC address as the host MAC address of the gateway back to the host; NAT device computer is received TCP or UDP packet, the packet source IP address of the NAT device as the IP address assigned to the host, the packet destination MAC address of the gateway host MAC address , according to the MAC address of the packet forwards the packet out. The present invention does not require an IP address translation NAT device and ALG processing, can communicate the private and public gateway.


Abstract : This paper examines Soviet press treatment of current shortcomings and problem areas in nontechnical fields of the Soviet Armed Forces. It is based on a thorough review of 3 Soviet military publications selected as the most important and most representative of current Soviet military writings. An essential premise of this research is the belief that meaningful research can be accomplished using widely published Soviet military writings. While it is recognized that the Soviet press contains much propaganda, it must still serve as an important method of communications for a vast armed forces complex. The myriad of problems facing the Soviet military cannot be dealt with exclusively through communications with limited readership. The author believes the Soviet do address many real and important problems openly and that a reading and comprehension of these problems is important to a broad understanding of the Soviet military.


Abstract. In this work, the influence of the tool interpolation method on the HSC of free form surfaces with sharp edges is analyzed. The traditional linear interpolation was compared to polynomial interpolation by application of three different values of CAM tolerance. The results were analyzed in terms of machined surface roughness, contour dimensional form error measurements and dynamic behavior of the tool machine, through the real time acquisition of feed rate in x and z axes. It was shown that polynomial interpolation offers accuracy and surface quality gains if compared to linear interpolation, in the same cutting conditions. However the decision for applying both interpolation methods has to consider the CAM tolerance value in terms of lead-time reduction. By using of linear interpolations the programmer has to decide for opener CAM tolerances due to the NC program size and consequently the time to process the program. When the CAM programmer decides for applying polynomial interpolations the CAM tolerance must be closed as soon as possible due to more surface profile adjust to polynomial curve equation.


In this paper, nanostructured silicon carbide (SiC) thin films are deposited onto glass substrate using pulsed laser deposition technique. Electrical and optical characterizations such as conductivity, resistivity, transmission, Seeback effect, absorption, absorption coefficient, energy band gap, and extinction coefficient as a function of photon energy, and the effect of thin films thickness on transmission are carried out to characterize the prepared samples. Results showed that the prepared SiC thin film is an n-type semiconductor with an indirect bandgap of ~3 eV, 448 nm cutoff wavelength, 3.4395 × 104 cm−1 absorption coefficient and 0.154 extinction coefficient. The surface morphology of the SiC thin films is studied using scanning electron microscope at a substrate temperature of 400 °C and it is found that the grain size of the prepared SiC thin film is about 30 nm. As such, the nano thin films optical and structural characteristics enable the films to be used as gases sensors in many optoelectronic devices such as the environment and ultraviolet photodiode.


We describe a set of artifacts for dynamic analysis of Android apps, including a dataset used in a dynamic characterization study, source code used for performing the study, an Android inter-app benchmark suite, and definition of Android behavioral metrics.


Objective To evaluat the clinical efficacy of urgent percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) on the elderly acute myocardial infarction(AMI) patients. Methods A total of 66 patients were identified for analysis: mean 68.3±10.2 years old(from 60 to 88 years), 57 men and 9 women, 18 patients over 75 years. All AMI patients were diagnosed by ECG as WHO diagnosis standard in 1979. Results Directly PTCA was performed on 62 patients and secondly on 4 patients after the treatment of dissolving thrombus were failed as observing for 90 minutes in hospitalizing. The distributes of infarction-elated arteries(IRA):24 for anterior descending branch, 11 for circumflex branch, 21 for right coronary artery. 73 stents(importation or home-made ) were implanted into 63 infarction-associated coronary vessels in 63 patients and the success rate were 100%, simplify PTCA was performed in 3 patients, remaining narrow rang 0~20%. The TIMI 3 for coronary circulation of 60 patients vs TIMI 2 for 5 patients, one patient no blood flowing. 2 patients died of cardiogenic shock after operation 24 hours. 52 discharged patients were follow up for (26.1±13.3) months(from 1 to 78 months),2 patients death occurred, 5 patients had chest pain again, 2 patients had AMI again. Conclusion The urgent percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) on elderly AMI patients is an effective and safety method of restoring coronary circulation with few complications and high success rate of operation. It is special applicable to the patients who have heart source shock and contraindication of dissolving thrombus.


The mission of the Knowledge Center is to collect and provide information for partners belonging to the corporate body as well as to create new knowledge in the area of vehicle electronics and mechatronics. Consortium partners cover the whole chain of innovation from basic research to product development and marketing. The Knowledge Center positions itself as an interim body between the academic world and the market economy, bringing market and product centric issues into the system of higher education, moreover, promoting the utilization of the most recent vehicle technology in industry. Its goal is to become one of the most appreciable development and service centers in Europe in the area of vehicle electronics and mechatronics.


1. Blastulae, gastrulae, and newly hatched larvae of Rana pipiens exposed to urethan concentrations from 11 to 110 mm undergo retardation of growth and differentiation. Early stages are more susceptible than later ones, and the effects are proportional to concentration.

2. No specific types of anomalies can be ascribed to urethan, with the possible exception of coelomic edema, vascular stasis, and epidermal hyperplasia.

3. The effect of urethan on the formation of the first three cleavage planes and on the process of gastrulation is unlike the effect of corresponding concentrations of a variety of other agents (ammonium thiocyanate, ammonium chloride, thiourea, urea, and ethanol), with molecular components resembling certain parts of the urethan molecule. The molar concentration required to induce corresponding degrees of retardation by these several agents is markedly different from that of urethan.

4. It would appear that the effect of urethan is due to the action of the molecule as a whole and not to the agency of any specific component.


Objective To investigate the clinical manifestations and possible mechanism of the multiple sclerosis (MS) combined with uveitis Methods Two cases of MS combined with uveitis were clinically observed by electro physiological, brain MRI and oligoclonic band (OB) examinations,the cases were analyzed and subjected to assessment Results Case1, a 56-year-old man had symptoms of one month′s numbness and twenty-day sudden decrease of visual acuity Viusal evoked potential (VEP)showed a postponed latent period of bilateral P100 waves Brain MRI showed multifocal T 2 Wight Image high signs in subcortical white matter of frontal and parietal lobes OB was postive Case 2: a 35-year-old woman, had recurrence of decrease of visual acuity of bilateral both eyes for 12 months and bilateral lower-limbs numbness Latent period of VEP P100 waves and BAEP I-V waves were postponed Brain MRI showed multifocal round-like T 2 Wight Image high signs in white matter of frontal and parietal lobes OB was postive Referring to the essay reported ,MS combined with uveitis was moetly moderate in manifestations Their causes were uncertain It is suggested that MS is not due to auto-antigen but due to S100-β protein derived from star-like cells Conclusion MS combined with uveitis ,unlike other one ,was clinically moderate and the pathological mechanism is unclear It is suggested that autoantigen such as S100-β protein derived from star-like cell results in MS and uveitis, not in MBP


Surface active agents are used in many different applications as cleaning and wetting agents, dispersants, corrosion inhibitors, softeners, collectors etc. It is well known that surfactant mixtures usually provide much better properties than the surfactants alone. Surfactant mixtures in water form mixed micelles. In this study physico-chemical properties of the mixed micelles, formed from zwitterionic (alkyl sodium ether sarcosinate (DS100)) and nonionic (nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPEO)) surfactants, were investigated. Results obtained by the use of dynamic surface tension measurements indicate that nonionic surfactants increase the efficiency of the zwitterionic. The surface tension decreases more rapidly when mixed micelles are formed. There is an optimum for the degree of ethoxylation (DE=>1 <9) for nonylphenol in case of, investigated in this study, alkyl sodium ether sarcosinate. NPEOs with DE=2-4 reduced the surface tension fastest and most. Results of diffusion NMR studies indicate that the size of the micelles follows bellow order: DS100+NP3EO>DS100>DS100+NP9EO.


BACKGROUND Worldwide, almost 1 million patients undergo surgery every day and this number is still increasing. Cardiovascular complications occur in approximately 5% of patients after non- cardiac surgery and are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. 1 Early recognition and stratification of patients at high risk for such complications is desirable to direct health-care towards the most vulnerable patients. Several clinical guidelines recommend the use of preoperative prediction models as risk stratification tools to predict postoperative outcomes such as in- hospital mortality or major adverse cardiac events (MACEs). The revised cardiac risk index (RCRI) is such a prediction model devel-oped over 20 years ago. 2 It preopera-tively predicts in- hospital MACE using six predictors, namely high- risk surgery (ie, intraperitoneal, intrathoracic or supra- inguinal vascular surgery), history of ischaemic heart disease, history of congestive heart failure, history of cere-brovascular disease, insulin therapy for diabetes mellitus and preoperative serum creatinine ≥2 mg/dL. Although the predic tive performance is moderate, especially in vascular surgery patients, 3 the score is commonly used in daily practice. Several studies have attempted to improve the prediction of MACE by either adding biomarkers to the RCRI or by comparing the predictive performance of the RCRI to single biomarkers or to other prediction models. We here summarise the findings of a recent comprehensive Cochrane Review 4 that had various aims: predictive


A forecasting lead time of 5–10 days is desired to increase the flood response and preparedness for large river basins. Large uncertaintyin observed and forecasted rainfall appears to be a key bottleneckin providing reliable flood forecasting. Significant efforts continue to be devoted to developing mechanistic hydrological models and statistical and satellite-driven methods to increase the forecasting lead time without exploring the functional utility of these complicated methods. This paper examines the utility of a data-based modeling framework with requisite simplicity that identifies key variables and processes and develops ways to track their evolution and performance. Findings suggest that models with requisite simplicity—relying on flow persistence,aggregatedupstreamrainfall,andtraveltime—canprovidereliablefloodforecastscomparableto relatively more complicated methods for up to 10 days lead time for the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and upper Meghna (GBM) gauging locations inside Bangladesh. Forecasting accuracy improves further by including weather-model-generated forecasted rainfall into the forecasting scheme. The use of water level in the model provides equally good forecasting accuracy for these rivers. The findings of the study also suggest that large-scale rainfall patterns captured by the satellites or weather models and their ''predictive ability'' of future rainfall are useful in a data-driven model to obtain skillful flood forecasts up to 10 days for the GBM basins. Ease of operationalization and reliable forecasting accuracy of the proposed framework is of particular importance for large rivers, where access to upstream gauge-measured rainfall and flow data are limited, and detailed modeling approaches are operationally prohibitive and functionally ineffective.


In this paper we analyze, using scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS), the local density of electronic states (LDOS) in nearly optimally doped BSCCO in zero field. We see both dispersive and non-dispersive spatial LDOS modulations as a function of energy in our samples. Moreover, a spatial map of the superconducting coherence peak heights shows the same structure as the low energy LDOS. This suggests that these non-dispersive LDOS modulations originate from an underlying charge-density modulation which interacts with superconductivity.


The most critical challenge for the republics of the former Soviet Union and for the Commonwealth ofIndependent States (CIS) is the creation of a monetary system that will serve economic reform and the transition from socialism and central controlto a marketeconomy. The purpose of this paper is to present the case for competitive currency issue by private banks as the best solution to the current monetary and economic crisis. This objective is at once less demanding than presenting the theoretical case for competition in currency issue as the ideal monetary systemfor all countries at all times, and at the same time more demanding, because it is a specific policy recommendation about what real people in realtrouble should do in their current circumstances; and what they do will matter. The criterion for evaluating this policy option is whether or not it is the bestoption for facilitatingeconomic recoveryand growth in the next one to five years in the contextofthe effort to make the transition to a market economy.


For the first time reaction of connection is found out at linkage сульфгидрильных collectors with atoms of metal clusters about change of a degree of oxidation, and on atoms Sb, Bi, As, Pb, Sn in clusters the proton for indemnification of a charge of connection appears and joins.


Diversity of aphidophagous insects in the Bavarian Forest – what contributions does White fir make in comparison to spruce? In the present study the impact of White fir (Abies alba) as compared to spruce (Picea abies) on the diversity of aphidophagous insects was analysed. To this end, tree crown communities of five trees each were sampled by flight interception traps in the Bavarian Forest National Park in the year 2004. Altogether 386 specimens of 31 aphidophagous species, including: Heteroptera, Neuropterida, and Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) were captured on the two coniferous species. Number of specimens and species as well as diversity (Fisher's alpha) of aphidophagous insects was significantly higher on White fir as compared to spruce. With the exception of three species, all species where found in higher numbers in tree crowns of White fir. The favourable microclimatic conditions of the more open crown structure of White fir compared to spruce as well as the quality and quantity of aphid resource availability are discussed as possible abiotic and biotic factors affecting the observed patterns of aphidophagous communities.


+ - We derive isospin bounds for two particle correlations in e e + y + Nn, discuss the physical significance of saturation of the upper bound and present various multiplicity distributions for this case.


This study is aimed at isolating and identifying the common fungal pathogens causing leaf blight disease of Thaumatococcus daniellii known as the sweet prayer plant, using the molecular technique. It is a highly nutritional plant, used as laxatives, venom antidote, sedative and in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Despite its global popularity owing to the usefulness of the leaves in food wrapping and packaging, it has been observed that the plants suffer severe leaf blight disease caused by fungal pathogens. Samples of leaves showing disease symptoms were collected from the Umuakali community in Omuma Local Government Area of Rivers State between June 2021 and October 2022. Fungal isolates were collected from leaves and morphologically identified. The DNA of the most common fungal isolate, SPP-01, was molecularly characterized using Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 (ITS-1) molecular markers. Sequences obtained were subjected to BLAST search in the GenBank database. The morphological results indicated that the SPP- 01 isolate was a Lasiodiplodia species. The molecular weight of the DNA of the isolate was over 550 Base Pairs. Based on sequence similarity, the DNA sequence of the isolate was 99% identical to Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae. A pathogenicity test of the isolated pathogen was carried out. Therefore, these findings showed that L. pseudotheobromae is the causal fungal pathogen of leaf blight disease of the sweet prayer plant. It is expected that this finding will promote the acquaintance of the fungal species associated with the sweet prayer plant and provide information for developing an effective disease management strategy for mitigating the losses caused by L. pseudotheobromae and also provide the basis for further study of potential mycotoxin effect of consuming disease leaves. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of molecular characterization of L. pseudotheobromae infesting sweet prayer plant in Rivers State.


A variety of corporate governance practices have been adopted by various world regulators in the past 20 years. Unfortunately, the evidence suggests that mandating corporate governance practices and corporations' voluntarily use of Anglo-Saxon practices both seem to lead to suboptimal firm performance, whether those practices are principle based, as in the British system, or rules based, as in the American system. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.


In order to solve the problem of the captured images in complex background, noise,and low accuracy of image detection,this paper presents a simple, effective and strong anti-jamming algorithm of the vehicle license plate location.Firstly, the color image is converted to gray image, secondly set the gray threshold to distinguish between target and the background, and binary process image, then use the Sobel edge detection operator to calculate the image gradient magnitude,and detect the image edge point, next remove the interference of image by median filtering in local image smoothing technology, finally, according to the characteristics of texture information in the license plate region is richer than other regions, by using a projection method, through repeated extraction of the distributed character of projection in horizontal and vertical directions, accurately detect and locate the license plate. The experimental results show that, the clarity and accuracy of the vehicle license plate image located by this method is higher than by other methods.


staff in the direction of sexual education, inadequate theoretical and methodological training of pedagogical workers (social teachers, teachers), low level of pedagogical culture of parents. It has been shown that among scholars there is no single definition in the interpretations of «sexual», «sexual», «gender» education. The sexual education of the author is understood as a process of systematic, deliberately planned and implemented education, which involves a definite end result of action – the formation of sexual consciousness and behaviour. Proceeding from this, the pivotal aspect of such upbringing is the formation of the sexual culture of the individual, its preparation for the conscious realization of gender roles − sexually determined social standards of conduct. Sexual and sexual behaviour of a mature person is a culture and sexual life of a person, and interpersonal communication, and appearance, and the attitude towards your health. Variety of interpretation of the concept of «sexual education» indicates its complex structure and requires adults to pay special attention to the unity of the family and educational institutions in this process. The results of the survey of schoolchildren, which confirmed the assumption that in the secondary schools the low level of attention of pedagogical workers to the issue of sexual education and showed the need and importance of conducting work on sexual education with schoolchildren, it is the social pedagogue, to whom they relate to trust and understanding, and the question of the correct organization in the school environment of sexual education of the person from the side of pedagogical workers, especially social educators, practical psychologists, class leaders is archivious. The prospects of further researches, in particular, development of the integral system of sexual education of pupils in the conditions of a comprehensive institution and experimental verification of its effectiveness, studying the peculiarities of the work of the social pedagogue in the sexual education of children with disabilities are presented.


It has been claimed that there are considerable differences between pri-vate and non-private patients with regard to the outcome of back surgery.This can be found in the yearly report from the regis ...


The bottom wall for a susceptor of an epitaxial growth apparatus, a plurality of circular through holes formed in a pocket base wall, arranged from the center of the circular bottom wall on the outer peripheral region than a distance 1/2 of the radius, the total opening area of the through-hole It was from 0.05 to 55 percent of the area. Or, the opening area of each through hole is disposed in the peripheral region and 0.2~3.2Mm Then, after mounting the semiconductor wafer on the pocket, the upper surface side of the susceptor material gas carrier gas, is epitaxially grown a flow of carrier gas on the lower surface side. The outer peripheral portion of the susceptor and into the susceptor bottom side feed gas on the upper surface side through the through holes. As a result, supply sufficient material gas to the surface of the wafer outer peripheral portion, Hakare the uniformity of the film thickness of the epitaxial film, auto-doping can be prevented. In addition, it improves nanotopography of the wafer surface. And it can be made uniform dopant concentration, it is possible to prevent occurrence of slip.


This study analyzes the epidemiology of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in the municipalities of the Central North, Central West, and Northwest mesoregions of Paraná State, Brazil. Diagnosis of American tegumentary leishmaniasis cases was performed at the State University in Maringá from 1987 to 2004. According to the probable site of infection, cases were classified as autochthonous (infection inside the household domain) or allochthonous (outside the household domain). Municipalities with the most cases were Maringá (458), Doutor Camargo (126), São Jorge do Ivaí (121), Terra Boa (114), Cianorte (98), and Colorado (95). Of the total of 1,938 cases, 66.9% were male. Among the 667 autochthonous cases, similar numbers of men and women were infected, with cases in minors as young as five years of age, with the latter not occurring in the 794 allochthonous cases. Conditions favoring American tegumentary leishmaniasis were created in the processes involved in occupying the rural areas of these mesoregions, particularly in the agricultural settlement model and the crisis in coffee monoculture.


We discuss the effects of the and Lubkin acceleration methods on the partial sums of Fourier Series. We construct continuous, even Hlder continuous functions, for which these acceleration methods fail to give convergence. The constructed functions include some interesting trigonometric series whose properties were investigated by Hardy and Littlewood.


Serum periostin might be a biomarker in the pathogenesis of T helper 2‐type allergic diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum periostin levels and the severity and chronicity of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children.


The culture of ward closures in the NHS, which has cut beds by 100000 in the past 10 years, is to be reconsidered, the health secretary, Frank Dobson, has decided.

Mr Dobson announced that there would be a national beds inquiry--one of a raft of government announcements to the Labour party conference in Blackpool last week. A Department of Health team will examine the number, mix, and use of NHS beds in England. The inquiry team will draw together existing evidence and data worldwide and assess future clinical trends; it is due to report …


Low energies ofnear-ultraviolet radiation (300-400 nanometers), appliedsimultaneously withvisible radiation to Nicotiana tabacumL.duringdaily illumination periods, increased levels ofchlorogenic acidisomers, total soluble phenolics, alkaloids, andsoluble sugars inexpanding leaflamina comparedwithcontrols thathadnear-ultraviolet filtered out. However,totalnitrogen concentrations decreased. The responses tonear-ultraviolet wereinterrelated withintensity of visible light. Thepresence ofnear-ultraviolet (which accounted forlessthan4% ofthetotal light energy)alongwithvisible light resulted incomponentconcentration differences similar tothosecausedbymuch greater increases ofvisible light without near-ultraviolet.


PURPOSE: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a clinically heterogeneous disease. Patients exhibit a 30%-40% relapse/refractory rate on standard first-line therapy and are known to have poor outcomes with relapsed/refractory disease, indicating a significant need for novel therapies in high-risk groups. First-line clinical trials of novel therapies in DLBCL have consistently shown negative results in part due to improved outcomes in the control arm arising from eligibility criteria that limit enrollment of high-risk patient groups. We performed analyses to define evidence-based eligibility criteria to streamline enrollment of high-risk patient groups and select patient populations for first-line DLBCL trials.
 METHODS: We enumerated eligibility criteria from 19 first-line DLBCL randomized controlled trials and defined Common (present in > 2/3 of analyzed studies), Moderately Common (present in 1/3-2/3 of studies), and Uncommon (present in < 1/3 of studies) criteria. Based on historical trends and clinical judgment, we proposed new eligibility criteria for DLBCL trials using 4 Common criteria (age at diagnosis, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status [ECOG PS], International Prognostic Index [IPI] score, and Ann Arbor stage). We assessed clinical trial eligibility among DLBCL patients in institutional, regional, and national data sets using these new eligibility criteria. Institutional datasets included: an Emory University DLBCL cohort [n = 329] and 3 DLBCL genomics studies (Reddy et al. [n = 761], Schmitz et al. [n = 361], and Chapuy et al. [n = 264]). Regional data included Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program Georgia [n = 611] and SEER Iowa [n = 689] and national datasets included SEER national [n = 6,155] and SEER-Medicare [n = 11,066]. We calculated the sensitivity and specificity of combinations of proposed enrollment criteria and used receiver operating characteristic (ROC) plots to evaluate optimal combinations of criteria. Using the proposed criteria, we linked eligibility status with DLBCL genomics studies to determine patient-level mutational profiles and genetic clusters for the eligible population. We performed survival analysis according to eligibility status using the Kaplan-Meier method.
 RESULTS: Across protocols for 19 first-line DLBCL trials spanning the R-CHOP era, we identified 52 eligibility criteria (18 Common, 11 Moderately Common, and 23 Uncommon; Table 1). Based on historical trends and clinical judgment, we proposed the following inclusion features using 4 Common criteria: age at diagnosis ≥ 18 years, ECOG PS 0-2, IPI score ≥ 2, and Ann Arbor stage II-IV. In comparing all possible combinations of proposed criteria, the combinations ECOG PS + stage (sensitivity 85%, specificity 51%), ECOG PS + IPI score (62%, 76%), and ECOG PS + IPI score + stage (59%, 77%) exhibited the greatest combined sensitivity and specificity across multiple data sets. MLL2 and MYD88 mutations were the most prevalent alterations among the eligible population in the Reddy et al. cohort, and 18q amplification and PIM1 mutation were the most prevalent alterations among the eligible Chapuy et al. cohort. Eligible patients had significantly inferior outcomes across multiple data sets (Figures 1A-1F).
 CONCLUSION: We demonstrated the effective use of data-driven methods to identify parsimonious eligibility criteria for first-line DLBCL trials that identified eligible populations with worse outcomes across multiple datasets and uncovered relationships between eligibility criteria and ensuing cohort genomics. These techniques can be used to define potential trial populations and to project outcomes for novel agents in these populations. Next steps involve incorporating expert recommendations regarding essential and unnecessary enrollment criteria to improve trial design.

 Flowers: AbbVie: Consultancy, Research Funding; BeiGene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Celgene: Consultancy, Research Funding; Denovo Biopharma: Consultancy; Gilead: Consultancy, Research Funding; Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group: Research Funding; National Cancer Institute: Research Funding; Burroughs Wellcome Fund: Research Funding; Karyopharm: Consultancy; AstraZeneca: Consultancy; Pharmacyclics/Janssen: Consultancy, Research Funding; Optimum Rx: Consultancy; Millenium/Takeda: Research Funding; Spectrum: Consultancy; Bayer: Consultancy; Acerta: Research Funding; Genentech, Inc./F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd: Consultancy, Research Funding; V Foundation: Research Funding; TG Therapeutics: Research Funding.


Cholinergic urticaria is a relatively common condition defined by itching, redness and whealing induced by exercise and passive warming. In turn, acquired idiopathic generalized anhidrosis is a rare disorder of unknown pathogenesis, characterized by an impairment in total body sweating despite exposure to heat or exercise. We report two cases of this extremely rare association of cholinergic urticaria and acquired generalized hypohidrosis, and briefly review current knowledge with regard to classification, ethiopathogenesis and therapeutic options.


It is most appropriate that the first volume to appear in the series "Advanced Applications in Pattern Recognition" should be this monograph by Nagao and Matsuyama. The work described here is a deep unification and synthesis of the two fundamental approaches to pat tern recognition: numerical (also known as "statistical") and struc tural ("linguistic," "syntactic"). The power and unity of the meth odology flow from the apparently effortless and natural use of the knowledge-base framework illuminated by the best results of artificial intelligence research. An integral part of the work is the algorithmic solution of many hitherto incompletely or clumsily treated problems. It was on the occasion of a laboratory visit in connection with the 4th IJCPR (of hich Professor Nagao was the very able Program Chairman) that I saw in operation the system described here. On the spot I expressed the desire to see the work described for the inter national technical audience in this series and the authors were kind enough to agree to contribute to a new and unknown series. With the publication of this monograph on the eve of the 5th ICPR my wish is fu1fi11 d. I want to thank here the authors and Plenum Publishing Corporation for making this volume and the series a reality."


Three cases of cranial vault defects in fetuses are described. All 3 cases underwent postmortem examination, and in 2 of them postmortem magnetic resonance imaging was also performed. The phenotypical differences between the cases illustrate a spectrum of cranial vault defects, associated anomalies, and pathogenic mechanisms involved in the etiology of this rare malformation. All 3 cases were male, and the cranial vault defects corresponded to exencephaly with acrania/acalvaria caused by amniotic band syndrome, acalvaria, and acrania presenting in a chorangiopagus parasiticus twin.


In this article,a method of implementing an E-mail contents filtering using under Windows 2000 CDO is given.A example is presented in detail,and it explans the model works.


The provided legal monitor method for IMS network comprises: S502, according to monitor condition, calling the dialogue control function entity to trigger monitor and initiate calling to the legal monitor gateway; S504, the legal monitor gateway applies and allocates the calling agent port and called agent port, and returns the SDP message both of calling and called ports to the dialogue control function entity; S506, the latter sends invitation message to the next jump mesh element and returns message to the calling; then, sends media message both of the calling and called to the legal monitor gateway, wherein, the calling SDP message port replaced by the calling agent in the invitation message, and the called SDP message port replaced by the called agent port in the feedback message; and S508, the legal monitor gateway copies the media message both of the calling an called, and distributes to one or more legal monitor centers.


The new millennium opens the era of high spectral resolution infrared space-borne sensors aimed at sensing the lower atmosphere with the accuracy required by the Numerical Weather Prediction community to improve reliability and time span of weather forecasts. Two high spectral resolution sensors are planned to fly on satellites in the next decade; they are mostly intended for meteorological applications, although climatology should benefit, as well. Moreover they will contribute also to researches on spectroscopy, radiative transfer modeling and the related mathematics of inversion. This paper reviews and presents the physical modeling of radiative transfer in the atmosphere and the related mathematics of inversion in a form which is suitable for high spectral resolution infrared sensors.


Biosemiotics is a theoretical approach that makes a research on signs, sign systems and semantic processes of the biosphere. It provides a conceptual framework for describing biological phenomena at all levels of the organization of life, and its relevance may be due to the unstable relationship between culture and nature. We are able to use this approach to initiate safe cultural forms and practices. Biosemiotic approach makes it possible to combine cultural and semiotic concepts with biological and biosemiotic frames in the relevance to ecosemiotics, as we are able to update cultural civilizational meanings and identify new vectors of human's civilization development in the epoch of the post-anthropocentrism


It is emphasized that for safety and functioning of information and control systems for nuclear power plants it is necessary to conduct exploratory researches at early stages of system creation. The structural scheme of process control system of exploratory researches is offered. We consider the cognitive approach to information and control system safety modeling for nuclear power plants. Some results of impulse modeling possible scenarios of the situation when creating information-control systems for nuclear power plants are given.


Background: Ultrasonography remains the most powerful investigation till now to detect cholelithiasis because of a high sensitivity and
practically no side effects involved.
Method: This prospective study comprised of 100 patients reporting to the out -patient department of the Department of Surgery of Government
Medical College, Kathua between January 2022 to May 2022. These patients were diagnosed with cholelithiasis using USG and underwent surgery
for the same. The USG ndings were compared to the intraoperative ndings and conclusions were drawn. The informed consent for the use of their
data for the study was taken. The aim of the study was to nd the correlation between the ultrasonographic ndings and the intra-operative nds in
cholelithiasis.
Results: Ultrasound was shown having a positive predictive value of 94% for detecting cholelithiasis and the sensitivity of the USG for various
characteristics was found to be 7.69%, 79.31% and 62.79% for predicting hydrops, wall thickness and acute cholecystitis respectively.
Conclusion: The study concluded that ultrasonography is one of the best investigations to detect the presence and absence of the stones, with being
a fairly reliant investigation to measure the wall thickness and advanced stages of acute cholecystitis but being a poor investigation for detecting
hydrops.


In the study, it was aimed to research the effects of an endogenous neuropeptide called cortistatin (CST) which is isolated from the brain on parameters of antioxidant system and cytokine levels of rabbits with turpentine oil induced acute inflammation. In the study using 28 healthy, male rabbits from New Zealand breed, animals were randomly divided into four groups consisting of control (C), turpentine (T), cortistatin (250 µg/kg) (CST), and turpentine + cortistatin (250 µg/kg) (T+CST). Reduced glutathione (GSH), super oxide dismutase (SOD, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels belonging to antioxidant and oxidant systems, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor -α (TNF-α) levels from inflammatory cytokines were studied in the blood samples taken after 2 and 6 hours and while cortistatin administration significantly contributed for maintaining GSH at protective level in T+CST group (p 0.05). Depending on resulting data of the study, it was concluded that despite there were effects observed regarding that cortistatin plays an inflammation suppressing role, this was smaller than the effect observed in conditions such as endotoxemia and sepsis because design of study did not lasted for long.


This article is an edited transcript of a panel dis- cussion held at the 2013 Hong Kong World Statisti- cal Conference (WSC). The Panel topics were cen- tred on new themes facing National Statistical Insti- tutes (NSIs). The panel was chaired by Stephen Pen- neck, then President, IAOS. He also produced this edited transcript. There were four panellists: Marjo Bruun, Director General, Statistics Finland; Carmelita Ericta, Administrator and Civil Registrar General, Philippines; Jil Matheson,National Statistician, United Kingdom; and Walter Radermacher, Director General, Eurostat.


This report describes the Training and Qualification Program at the Saturn Facility. The main energy source at Saturn is the Saturn accelerator which is used to test military hardware for vulnerability to X-rays, as well as to perform various types of plasma radiation source experiments. The facility is operated and maintained by a staff of twenty scientists and technicians. This program is designed to ensure these personnel are adequately trained and qualified to perform their jobs in a safe and efficient manner. Copies of actual documents used in the program are included as appendices. This program meets all the requirements for training and qualification in the DOE Orders on Conduct of Operations and Quality Assurance, and may be useful to other organizations desiring to come into compliance with these orders.


Peter Campbell is a mental health system survivor. This article is based on a presentation given at the conference User Empowerment: Ten Years On, in Nottingham in March 1996.


In this paper potassium-hollandite (K-hollandite) based materials are proposed as active layers for novel CO sensors to be used in air monitoring or combustion feedback control systems. K-hollandite is proposed because, thanks to its open framework structure, it could act as a molecular sieve. Moreover it can be easily doped, by ion exchange, with Ag, which is an excellent catalyst for CO oxidation. It will be shown that potassium hollandite can be used as CO conductometric sensor with a p-type behavior, and that the doped material shows, as expected, a better sensitivity to the target gas.


This paper reports a human-factors evaluation of cursor-positioning devices for 3-dimensional (3-D) display workstations. Five input devices were compared in terms of cursor-positioning time and error with two 3-D display systems: a true 3-D stereoscopic display system and a conventional display system using linear perspective to convey depth information. For both 3-D display systems, the results indicated that vector-oriented input devices produced lower cursor-positioning errors and faster cursor-positioning time than either plane-oriented or free-space input devices. Several implementations of vector-oriented input devices are discussed.


Pedestrian detection is a significant problem in computer vision. Dollar et al. at [1] indicate that current methods are not efficient enough to solve the problem and it remains challenging. Besides, most of the proposed features are also not efficient in describing the features of pedestrians. In this paper, we concentrate on this issue and introduce the local Haar-like features in edge maps to describe the edge/contour of pedestrians efficiently. To reduce the background noise, localized normalization is proposed. Also the integral and tilted integral images are applied to fast extraction of the feature values. The experiments on pedestrian detection show both the describing and computational efficiency of the proposed features.


Error = 6.100% INTRODUCTION Fractal dimension is a quantity that can be used as an index of complexity for fractals. In most research applications, fractal dimension is calculated using the raster graphics representation of images. This project investigates an alternative method by calculating fractal dimension from vector graphics. The goal of this project is to demonstrate the viability of vector graphics calculations, to compare vector graphics calculations with raster graphics calculations, and to display a user interface that shows the calculations, step-by-step.


The purpose of this paper is to perform an exploratory analysis of the causalinteractions among global change drivers of regime shifts. Causal loops diagrams were usedto collect a set of feedback m ...


1. The Physiology of Pain. 2. Principles of Acute Pain Assessment. 3. Barriers to Effective Pain Management. 4. Psychosocial Perspectives of Acute Pain. 5. The Role of Personal Coping Strategies in the Management of Perioperative Pain. 6. How Analgesics Work. 7. The Evidence for Acute Perioperative Pain Management. 8. Regional Anaesthesia and Analgesia, Part 1: Peripheral Nerve Blockade. 9. Regional Anaesthesia and Analgesia, Part 2: Central Neural Blockade. 10. Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA). 11. Other Routes of Opioid Administration. 12. Managing Perioperative Pain in Special Circumstances. 13. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) in Perioperative Settings. 14. Risk Management in Perioperative Analgesia. 15. Education


The present article attempts, first, to identify trends in the social origins, with respect to level and type of education, of pupils and students at school in Poland. As we hope to explain, these trends are probably more the result of self-selection than of selection based on objective school assessment. Then, following a discussion of educational choice typical of various social categories of students, the article offers an interpretation of the selection and self-selection processes described, placing the facts in a broader context.


I will review the latest strangeness result measured in fixed target heavy-ion collisions at SIS, AGS and SPS before describing the first round of RHIC results. I will show that the systematic studies performed at the lower energies give a very consistent picture of enhanced strangeness production at SPS energies and hints of medium modification effects at the lower energies, which are dominated by larger baryon densities. The RHIC results complement this picture by again indicating strangeness production from a thermally equilibrated source, albeit at slightly higher freeze-out temperatures and lower baryon densities. RHIC adds significant new physics results to the field, though, by enabling the measurement of strange particle production at high transverse momentum, presently out to about 6 GeV/c. The new regime between 2 and 6 GeV/c is dominated by an interplay between traditional soft particle production, which is well described by hydrodynamical and thermal models, and production of strangeness from jet fragmentation. Potential new QGP signatures, such as jet quenching and elliptic flow due to parton collectivity, can be probed by measuring particle identified strange particle spectra out to high pt. I will review the latest results and show that these measurements breathe new life into a well-established field.


Field studies were conducted over 5 yr to determine the effect of seeding date on agronomic characteristics and disease reaction of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench). Two large-seeded, mid-season buckwheat cultivars, Manor and a semi-dwarf line, G410 or G474, and a small-seeded early-maturing cultivar, CM 169, were grown at Morden and Portage la Prairie during the period 1983–1985 at early, mid- and late June or early July seeding dates. In 1986 and 1987, Manor was grown at three seeding dates, with and without a fungicide treatment to control downy mildew (Peronospora ducometi Siemaszko and Jankowska). In the 1983–1985 experiments, seed yield generally declined with delay in seeding. The smallest decline occurred in the early-maturing cultivar CM 169. From first to last seeding, yield decreases were 38, 44 and 18% for Manor, the semi-dwarf lines and CM 169, respectively. In 1985, downy mildew infection increased linearly to a small degree with delay in seeding and was negatively correlated with see...


The 4th International Workshop on Patent Information Retrieval builds on the experiences of the first three workshops, to provide its participants an exciting, scientifically challenging and interactive event, where specific issues of patent retrieval may be put into the general context of Information Retrieval and Knowledge Management, in order to explore innovative solutions to new and old problems, but also to evaluate and adapt traditional or classic approaches to new problems. This year, we observe an increase in the use of standardized test collections in the contributions received, and, at the same time, new discussion points on how to make such standardized evaluation exercises more accessible to the larger IP community.


Is there a need of mobile services? Are "ordinary" people with cars willing to use such services? The centre of attention in our research has been the need of mobile services among "ordinary" users with the car in focus. Different factors led us to investigate the behaviour and mobility of families with children. The empirical data has been obtained through focus group interviews with parents on the basis of certain criteria and the respondents did not know that we were exploring the need of mobile services. In the study we came to the conclusion that there is a need of mobile services, but it is of importance that the services support or facilitate the natural behaviour or solve a specific problem for the user. Furthermore the mobile services must add value to the user. It is also essential that the mobile service is adapted to the various priorities the user has depending on the different roles he/she currently has. If a mobile service is developed with the above kept in mind, we believe that there is a greater chance of success when trying to satisfy the user needs both the spoken and unspoken ones.


The theory analysis and derivation method of the measurement way of the acceleration were introduced based on the measurement of the position and velocity with the rotation transformer .And the formula of the measurement and error analysis of the acceleration were given.


By using the algebraic structure of the dual space of the density operator in the master equation for the driven dissipative harmonic oscillator, we first rewrite the master equation as a Schrdinger-like equation. Then we use three gauge transformations to obtaine an exact solution to the master equation in the particle number representation. Finally, we discuss the steady-state solution when the evolving time tends to infinity.


Economic globalization is a dynamic, long-term historical process which changes its character and extent over time, with profound effects on countries in the trading system. Advances in information technology, better codification schemes, and improvements in transport and logistics increase the potential for the geographical fragmentation of work. Because of this, the potential for economic globalization appears to be increasing rapidly. As it becomes more likely that value chains in large, economically important enterprises and industries will be spread across multiple countries, it is more difficult to conceive of national industries as self-contained systems and national economic performance as endogenous. The measurement and policy challenges posed by these changes are non-trivial. Thus, it is essential that the statistical resources to fully characterize and better respond to the process of economic globalization be put in place as soon as possible. This document provides a short background discussion, then proposes a conceptual framework for determining the data sources required for better measurement, finally identifies data gaps and provides a vision for moving forward and a list of priorities to be addressed for providing a more comprehensive narrative to policy makers.


Page 147 is cut off in print publication. See this work in the Center for Transportation Research Library catalog: http://library.ctr.utexas.edu/dbtw-wpd/query/id/5751


This publication is second in a series on climate change communication for Extension professionals. This 5-page fact sheet provides strategies for overcoming challenges in communicating about climate change. Written by Claire Needham Bode, Martha C. Monroe, and Mark Megalos, and published by the UF School of Forest Resources and Conservation, January 2017.
FOR333/FR402: Strategies for Communicating Climate Change to Extension Audiences (ufl.edu)


The FOCMEC method was adopted to resolve focal mechanisms for earthquakes occurring from Sep.2006 to the end of 2008 in the range of Longtan reservoir by using the first P polarization and SH/P amplitude ratio from earthquake waveforms recorded by the Longtan reservoir seismic network. Then,the stress field of the reservoir area was inversed.According to the results,most of the M_L≥2.0 earthquakes are of thrust faulting since the impoundment in Oct.2006.The stress fields in both the cluster A and B are oriented in NWW-SEE direction and almost horizontal,indicating that the horizontal compressive stress is still the dominant stress after the impoundment,and the dip angle of the maximum principal compressive stress is more horizontal than that before impoundment.However,the middle and minimum stress axes are somewhat inconsistent in the two clusters,which indicates the local disturbance of stress field.The genesis of reservoir induced earthquake is supposed as the coupling of pore pressure action with the fluid lubricating and weakening action under the loading,whereas the increase of shear stress due to water loading is not the causation of reservoir induced earthquake.


According to the 2014 Annual Report of Cancer Facts and Figures of the Republic of Korea, gastric cancer was the most frequently occurring cancer in males, accounting for 19.4% of all cases, followed by colorectal cancer (15.6% of cases) in 2011. Gastric cancer and colorectal cancer were the third and fourth leading causes, respectively, of death by cancer in 2012 (Korea Ministry of Health and Welfare and Korea National Cancer Center, 2014). Early detections of cancer are the key component of an overall cancer control plan. It enables cancers to be detected at earlier stages, when treatments are more effective and there are greater chances to be cured (World Health Organization, 2007). It is known that early detection and screening of gastric cancer improve the 5-year survival rate and reduce mortality (Fukao et al., 1995; Tsubono and Hisamichi, 2000). Regular screenings also have benefits in reducing mortality rates of colorectal cancer (American Cancer Society, 2013).


Maudlin has claimed that no local theory can reproduce the predictions of standard quantum mechanics that violate Bell's inequality for Bohm's version (two spin-half particles in a singlet state) of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen problem. It is argued that, on the contrary, standard quantum mechanics itself is a counterexample to Maudlin's claim, because it is local in the appropriate sense (measurements at one place do not influence what occurs elsewhere there) when formulated using consistent principles in place of the inconsistent appeals to "measurement" found in current textbooks. This argument sheds light on the claim of Blaylock that counterfactual definiteness is an essential ingredient in derivations of Bell's inequality.


The importance of the ideological and political work in colleges and universities is pointed out in the coming high education in China. Accordingly, three-whole education in colleges and universities for undergraduate and graduate students is a comprehensive reform for extending and deepening the ideological and political education. However, how to effectively carry out three-whole education poses a big challenge to all the staff in the university. In the present investigation, the back-feeding teaching of scientific researches is investigated for carrying out both professional knowledge and professional skill education and meanwhile the ideological and political education. It is demonstrated that the back-feeding teaching of scientific researches is a useful way for promoting the three-whole education, i.e. whole staff education, whole direction education, and whole course education in the investigated discipline Material Science and Engineering. Particularly, a whole practice training course with an experiment about electrospun nanofibers is demonstrated to be a facile approach for telling the students about "three-whole education". The back-feeding teaching of scientific researches is able to promote three-whole education, which can ensure the students to become both innovative talents and successors of socialism in the future.


Suppose that the local capacity of a highway is a smooth function of location, approximated by a parabolic function with a minimum value at some location (the bottleneck). The flow approaching the bottleneck increases approximately linearly with time as it exceeds the capacity of the bottleneck. This paper presents an analytic solution for the resulting flow pattern upstream of the bottleneck as predicted by the theory of Lighthill and Whitham (1955) for two different types of analytic forms for the relation between flow and density. While in both cases the formulation of the problem contains seven parameters, it is shown that, by appropriate linear transformation of variables, the flow pattern can be described in terms of a single dimensionless pattern. In each case, a shock first forms at some point upstream of the bottleneck with an amplitude which increases proportional to the square root of the time from its beginning.


Backgroud: Continuous arterial blood pressure monitoring is a highly effective method in an operation and the intensive care unit. However the accuracy of the monitoring system could be influenced by the radius and longitude of the catheter. This study was executed to examine the effects of the radius and longitude of a catheter. Methods: Forty-two pediatric patients scheduled to undergo open heart surgery were selected. After induction of anesthesia the radial artery pressure was measured by a 22-gauge (1 inch catheter and the femoral artery pressure was measured by a 20-gauge (1.16 inch catheter 22-gauge catheter and 20-gauge (12 cm catheter in succession. Influences of the radius and longitude were analysed respectively. All values are expressed as mean ± SD and analysed using the paired t-test; P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The systolic pressure of the 20-gauge (1.16 inch catheter was higher than that of the 22gauge (1 inch catheter. The systolic pressure of the 20-gauge (1.16 inch catheter was higher than that of the 20-gauge (12 cm catheter. Mean and diastolic pressures were low in the 20-gauge (1.16 inch catheter compared with the 20-gauge (12 cm catheter. Conclusions: Shorter and/or larger radius catheters could increase the pulse pressure in pediatric patients. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2002; 43: 10~14


A $2 trillion stimulus package to address the economic impact of the coronavirus pandemic, the largest stimulus in US history, was passed by the US Congress and signed by President Donald J. Trump....


Motivated by the problem of detecting a change in the evolution of a network, we consider the preferential attachment random graph model with a time-dependent attachment function. Our goal is to detect whether the attachment mechanism changed over time, based on a single snapshot of the network and without directly observable information about the dynamics. We cast this question as a hypothesis testing problem, where the null hypothesis is a preferential attachment model with a constant affine attachment parameter $\delta_0$, and the alternative hypothesis is a preferential attachment model where the affine attachment parameter changes from $\delta_0$ to $\delta_1$ at an unknown changepoint time $\tau_n$. For our analysis we focus on the regime where $\delta_0$ and $\delta_1$ are fixed, and the changepoint occurs close to the observation time of the network (i.e., $\tau_n = n - c n^\gamma$ with $c>0$ and $\gamma \in (0, 1)$). This corresponds to the relevant scenario where we aim to detect the changepoint shortly after it has happened. We present two tests based on the number of vertices with minimal degree, and show that these are asymptotically powerful when $\tfrac{1}{2}<\gamma<1$. We conjecture that there is no powerful test based on the final network snapshot when $\gamma<\tfrac{1}{2}$. The first test we propose requires knowledge of $\delta_0$. The second test is significantly more involved, and does not require the knowledge of $\delta_0$ while still achieving the same performance guarantees. Furthermore, we prove that the test statistics for both tests are asymptotically normal, allowing for accurate calibration of the tests. This is demonstrated by numerical experiments, that also illustrate the finite sample test properties.


AIM To observe toluene diisocyanate (TDI) inhalation induced mice lung injury and to study the relationship between TDI inhalation induced lung injury and endothelin 1 (ET 1) expression as well as nitric oxide synthase. METHODS 30 mice were equally divided into 5 groups and(4.30±0.60) mg·L -1 TDI was inhaled for 1~4 weeks in experiment groups. No TDI was used in the control group. The lung injury was detected by routine histopathological assay and by transmission electron microscope. The expression of ET 1, iNOS and cNOS were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS In the experiment groups, there were interstitium proliferation and increased inflammatory cells in lung, most of which were macrophages and lymphocytes. Transmission electron microscope showed blood gas barrier thickened. There was decreased ET 1 expression in the airway epithelium and increased ET 1 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. There was increased iNOS expression in inflammatory cells in the experiment group, but no significant change of cNOS expression in the vascular endothelium was observed. CONCLUSION TDI can induce mice lung injury, decrease the expression of ET 1 in the airway epithelium and increase the expression of ET 1 in vascular smooth muscle cells. The expression of iNOS in inflammatory cells which induced NO increment may be one of the reasons that induce lung injury by TDI.


..................................................................................................iv 1. CURRENT BIOMATERIALS AND PERTAINING STEM CELL DELIVERY METHODOLGIES IN TISSUE ENGINEERING LITERATURE REVIEW......................1 1.1 Tissue Engineering, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, and Cellular Scaffold Design............................................................................................1 1.2 Naturally-Derived Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering..............................3 1.3 Synthetic Hydrogels and Stem Cell Encapsulation in Tissue Engineering.....................................................................................5 1.4 ECM-based Hybrid Hydrogel Scaffolds...................................................7 1.5 Future Work and Conclusion...............................................................8 2. IN VITRO EVALUATION OF HYBRID SYNTHETIC/ADIPOSE-DERIVED ECM HYDROGELS AS A CULTURE PLATFORM FOR HUMAN ADIPOSE-DERIVED STEM CELLS....................................................................................................9 2.1 Project Purpose..................................................................................9 2.2 Introduction......................................................................................9 2.3 Materials and Methods.....................................................................12 2.4 Results..........................................................................................19 2.5 Discussion.......................................................................................28 2.6 Conclusion.....................................................................................30 2.7 Acknowledgements...........................................................................30 3. PRELIMINARY EVALUATION OF HYBRID SYNTHETIC/THIOLATED ADIPOSE-DERIVED ECM HYDROGELS............................................................32 3.1 Project Purpose...............................................................................32 3.2 Introduction.....................................................................................32 3.3 Materials and Methods....................................................................33 3.4 Results.........................................................................................35 3.5 Discussion....................................................................................38 3.6 Conclusion....................................................................................39 3.7 Acknowledgements.........................................................................39 4. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS...............................40 4.1 Summary......................................................................................40 4.2 Conclusions....................................................................................40 4.3 Recommendations...........................................................................41 REFERENCES.............................................................................................42 VITA............................................................................................................49


The interesting note by Mr. Strahan in the Geol. Mag. for September, 1887, on explosive slickensides, reminded me of some similar phenomena which were not of unfrequent occurrence near Dent Head and Ribble Head in Yorkshire. In the limestone quarry from which the black marble of Dent is procured the workmen found that, when they were quarrying the lower beds and struck the rock with a pick or bar, fragments flew up into the air with greater force than, could be due to their blow and in an unexpected direction.


This paper reports findings from part of an evaluation study of the Communication Aids Project (CAP), a government-funded project in England which provided communication aids to school-aged children. The paper focuses on parents' views of the CAP process and the impact of the aid. Fourteen parents were interviewed twice over the telephone: once before or just as their children received communication aids and again six to eight weeks later. Parents expressed satisfaction with the impact of the aid on their children's lives and showed they had realistic expectations concerning potential short-and long-term benefits. They raised two main concerns regarding the provision of aids, namely the timescale involved and access to accurate information and advice.


Information service has become the core of university library's work at present,and guiding and stimulating the information needs of the students is the target of university library's developing the information service. Through the analysis on the factors affecting information needs of students,this paper elaborates the importance, feasibility and operability of uiding and stimulating the information needs of the students,and puts forward some useful suggestion on university library's work.


This paper describes a simulation of wave propagation in the soil as a result of an impact. In this specific case, the dynamic load is the velocity of a falling chimney. The impacting parts of the chimney transfer their dynamic forces to the adjacent continuum. This causes vibrations in the surrounding area. In this paper, measurements of velocities in the soil caused by a falling chimney are compared with numerical solutions using a two‐dimensional FEM‐SBFEM model. (© 2009 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


5-Bromoisothiazoles are attacked by nucleophiles to give 5-alkoxy- and (the hitherto unknown) 5-hydroxy-iso-thiazoles. 4-Bromo-5-hydroxy-3-methylisothiazole has been prepared by hydrolytic decomposition of the appropriate 5-diazonium fluoroborate. Preliminary studies on the tautomeric state of the hydroxyisothiazoles are reported.


Tumor dissemination to distant organ is the cause of death. Therefore there is urgent set up sensitive methods for early dete circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and disse tumor cells (DTCs) in peripheral blood (P bone marrow (BM) specimens of breas patients. We aim to detect MUC2 mRNA cells in PB and BM of breast cancer pati relate this to patient relapse. In this stud tect MUC2 mRNA positive cells (tumor m PB and BM samples were collected f breast cancer patients after operation an adjuvant therapy with 20 PB from healt viduals as negative controls. Chi-squa was used to analyze data. MUC2 mRNA b Real-time PCR was detected in 9 (18% and in 10 (20%) of BM samples and non 2; accepted 28 December 2012 main eed to ion of inated ) and ancer sitive ts Iranian women, with a rough inciden comprising 24.4% of all neoplasms [3] 2006. In breast cancer, both hematogen dissemination of carcinoma cells may tients with small tumors, so breast can systemic disease. Although the detecti axillary lymph nodes is a proven pro ally 20% 30% of ax ; to to derker), m 50 efore indie test using of PB of the mong in BM had a gative s show a recurrence. Micrometastases tectable by classical imaging, can co relapse; therefore, identification of patients with early-stage breast canc nificant impact on deciding treatmen termining prognosis for the patients [4 Different markers have been used detection of bone marrow disseminated and peripheral blood circulating tumo The detection of occult micrometasta (BM) identifies the patients most likely at risk of oping systemic breast cancer relapse. likely benefit from systemic adjuvant th MUC2-positive patients was significanc (P < 0.004) and MUC2-positive shorter disease fre patients in BM sa tudy or deer paancer; it should even be feasible to monito treatment [6]. However, the impact blood or BM still remains controve chemistry currently remains the gold DTC detection, with a sensitivity rang 10 to 1 in 10 leucocytes [5]. Recently shows MUC2 can be a suitable marker tection of micrometastasis in breast ca tients at early stages of cancer.


Contemplated test kits and methods for food sensitivity are based on rational-based selection of food preparations with established discriminatory p-value. Particularly preferred kits include those with a minimum number of food preparations that have an average discriminatory p-value of <= 0.07 as determined by their raw p-value or an average discriminatory p-value of <= 0.10 as determined by FDR multiplicity adjusted p-value. In further contemplated aspects, compositions and methods for food sensitivity are also stratified by gender to further enhance predictive value.


Through literature,statistics,expert interviews,logical analysis methods from the Middle School sports accidental injury investigation,the paper analyzes the reasons for the accident,the safety awareness,education organizations,medical information sharing,insurance,and other countermeasures division of responsibilities analysis and study. To promote the smooth development of teaching middle school students,improve fitness levels and reduce the occurrence of accidental injury during school sport activities,the paper provide some measures and a theoretical reference to improve the follow- up security.


As items are increasingly being equipped with sensors, the applicability of data driven decision support may similarly grow. This paper surveys an endeavor to support decisions with sensor recordings that were not primarily installed to support decisions. To become meaningful decision support, these sensor recordings should enable better causal inferences because decisions should cause the future.
Data driven decision support is not evident as normative decision theory is known to suffer from validation issues. This work attempts to alleviate concerns about (i) the assessment of preference, about (ii) causal inferences from non-experimental data and about (iii) the assessment of the uncertainty about the prospective outcome of a decision. This work argues that sensor recordings may appear to be appreciable decision support by presenting some typical cases of human recorded events that were enriched with sensor recordings.


Objective To evaluate the effect on the second mesiobuccal canal(MB2) finding with different access preparation in the maxillary first molar.Methods Ninty-five extracted maxillary first molars were prepared by traditional triangle-shaped to locate the MB2,and then a modification of access preparation to a trapezoid-shaped was used in the samples in which the MB2 cannot be found.Results MB2 was located in thirty-nine samples with the triangular outline,while another fifteen MB2 orifices were located with the trapezoid-shaped.The incidence of the MB2 can be improved from 41.05% to 56.84%.Conclusion Detection rate of MB2 can be greatly improved by the use of access preparation of a trapezoid-shaped.


With China's emphasis on education and the constantly reform of education system, the management of students has been constantly improved. Colleges and universities are the places to train higher talents. The management of students should follow the educational reform in order to optimize the management mode and improve the management system. Based on the idea of Logistic regression, this paper establishes the evaluation model of college students' management work. In order to fully improve the accuracy of the model, students' satisfaction with the management of dormitory, bathhouse, library, canteen and other places is taken as the independent variable, and the overall school management satisfaction is taken as the dependent variable. Through the comparison of Logistic regression prediction and actual survey results, the accuracy and practicability of the model are tested, which is of great reference significance to the management of college students.


We report on the successful softlanding of size selected metal clusters in rare gas matrices. Cluster-ions are sputtered from a metal target, energy filtered and mass selected by a quadrupole mass filter. Deposited clusters are detected by optical spectroscopic methods ( absorption, excitation, fluorescence). Our results show that for dimers and trimers fragmentation decreases with decreasing landing energy. In the case of Ag 2 for example fewer than 25% of the dimers fragment when they are deposited at 20 eV. Triatomic clusters appear to fragment less easily than the dimers. New spectroscopic transitions have been found for both diatomic and triatomic clusters. Our results, when compared with previous studies on conventionally prepared clusters, show that some dimer and trimer features are incorrectly assigned.


Taking the example of foundation slab in a super-high-rise,the temperature cracking controlling in mass concrete pouring is introduced.And the thermal calculation is proceeded according to the rules.All the expoundation is benefit to the construction.


� This paper presents a web based educational video-clips exhibition created to share various archived lectures for medical students, health care professionals as well as for general public. The presentation of closely related topics was developed as video gallery and it is based solely on free or open source tools to be available for wide academic and/or non-commercial use. Even if the educational video records can be embedded in any websites, we preferred to use our faculty's portal, which should be a central point to offer various multimedia educational materials. The system was integrated and tested to offer open access to infectology lectures that were captured and archived from live-streamed sessions and from videoconferences.


Objective To investigate the chemical constituents of the extract from n-butanol fraction of the abalone(Haliotis discus hannai Ino.) gonad.Methods The compounds were isolated and refined with silica column chromatography,Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography,preparative thin layer chromatography.Their chemical structures were identified by physicochemical analysis,spectroscopic analysis(1H NMR,13C NMR and MS),and comparison with the data of literatures.Results and Conclusion Eight compounds were isolated from gonad in Haliotis discus hannai Ino.and their structures have been identified as methyl pyroglutamate,1-methyl thymine,2'-deoxyadenosine,uracil,2'-deoxyuridine,3-Hydroxy-4-hydroxymethyl-4-butanolides,uridine,3-methyl thymine.


A six to seven year-old female okapi died after a week of illness showing clinical signs of an acute infection of the respiratory tracts. Antibiotic therapy did not influence the course of the disease. The postmortem examination demonstrated the presence of acute laryngitis, tonsilitis, tracheo-bronchitis, bronchopneumonia and serifibrinous exudate, together with a subacute and subchronic myocarditis and hepatitis. Bacteriological cultures from the spleen, liver, kidneys, and the lungs, yielded two strains of Escherichia coli. Forty-eight hours after the death of the female, the male okapi became ill and it was treated with antibiotics indicated by the sensitivity tests carried out upon the Escherichia coli noted in the dead female: ampicilline was thus injected into the male whose health gradually improved and a complete recovery occurred.


A Banach algebra $A$ is said to be zero Lie product determined if every continuous bilinear functional $\varphi \colon A\times A\to \mathbb{C}$ satisfying $\varphi(a,b)=0$ whenever $ab=ba$ is of the form $\varphi(a,b)=\omega(ab-ba)$ for some $\omega\in A^*$. We prove that $A$ has this property provided that any of the following three conditions holds: (i) $A$ is a weakly amenable Banach algebra with property $\mathbb{B}$ and having a bounded approximate identity, (ii) every continuous cyclic Jordan derivation from $A$ into $A^*$ is an inner derivation, (iii) $A$ is the algebra of all $n\times n$ matrices, where $n\ge 2$, over a cyclically amenable Banach algebra with a bounded approximate identity.


This paper follows the legal and functional advancement of local government in NSW, Australia by examining three historical stages. It commences with its nineteenth century vestiges, moving on to compulsory incorporation and the gradual changes to modern but diverse individual councils. Issues include financial scarcity, the traditional property-based stranglehold and the burgeoning sheer power of the State Government in the planning sector.


Many Gram-negative pathogens employ type three secretion systems to translocate specialised bacterial effector proteins into the host cell. Endogenous levels of arginine-GlcNAcylation by two Salmonella effectors, SseK1 and SseK3, were determined by quantitative MS-based proteomics. The effectors modified different host death domain containing signaling proteins required for inflammatory and cell death signaling. The study developed new tools to study host-effector interactions and established the importance of native levels of effector expression in distinguishing between authentic and misleading interactions and activities. Graphical Abstract Highlights MS-based method to detect native arginine-GlcNAcylation during Salmonella infection. Demonstration that SseK1 targets TRADD, whereas SseK3 targets the death receptors, TNFR1 and TRAILR. Evidence that effector overexpression results in misleading identification of host targets. Crystal structure of SseK3. Strains of Salmonella utilize two distinct type three secretion systems to deliver effector proteins directly into host cells. The Salmonella effectors SseK1 and SseK3 are arginine glycosyltransferases that modify mammalian death domain containing proteins with N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) when overexpressed ectopically or as recombinant protein fusions. Here, we combined Arg-GlcNAc glycopeptide immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry to identify host proteins GlcNAcylated by endogenous levels of SseK1 and SseK3 during Salmonella infection. We observed that SseK1 modified the mammalian signaling protein TRADD, but not FADD as previously reported. Overexpression of SseK1 greatly broadened substrate specificity, whereas ectopic co-expression of SseK1 and TRADD increased the range of modified arginine residues within the death domain of TRADD. In contrast, endogenous levels of SseK3 resulted in modification of the death domains of receptors of the mammalian TNF superfamily, TNFR1 and TRAILR, at residues Arg376 and Arg293 respectively. Structural studies on SseK3 showed that the enzyme displays a classic GT-A glycosyltransferase fold and binds UDP-GlcNAc in a narrow and deep cleft with the GlcNAc facing the surface. Together our data suggest that salmonellae carrying sseK1 and sseK3 employ the glycosyltransferase effectors to antagonise different components of death receptor signaling.


We present a new understanding of the unstable ghost-like resonance which appears in theories such as quadratic gravity and Lee-Wick type theories. Quantum corrections make this resonance unstable, such that it does not appear in the asymptotic spectrum. We prove that these theories are unitary to all orders. Unitarity is satisfied by the inclusion of only cuts from stable states in the unitarity sum. This removes the need to consider this as a ghost state in the unitarity sum. However, we often use a narrow-width approximation where we do include cuts through unstable states, and ignore cuts through the stable decay products. If we do this with the unstable ghost resonance at one loop, we get the correct answer only by using a contour which was originally defined by Lee and Wick. The quantum effects also provide damping in both the Feynman and the retarded propagators, leading to stability under perturbations.


Precision Breaking of a Silicon Wafer by YAG Laser -Double Irradiation Breaking Assisted by Mirror Surface Cooling Toshiji Kurobe, Michikazu Noguchi and Takahiro Matsumoto This paper describes some experiments for breaking a silicon wafer precisely using YAG laser. The popular mechanical cutting of a silicon wafer using a diamond blade is not always high quality. The noncontact cutting of ceramics using CO2 laser is recently being studied enthusiastically. The precise breaking of a silicon wafer, however, has never been achieved. In the experiments , the conditions and the quality of double irradiation breaking are searched in various atmospheres. It is found that air cooling , water cooling and assist gas method has similar breaking forms. Main crack meanders and it is accompanied with some branching cracks which deteriorate the breaking quality of a silicon wafer . However, local cooling method enabled high quality breaking. The measurement results of the surface roughness of cross section are extremely small, 0.003 -0.004 Lt m at Ra. It is also shown that the crack propagation velocity of local cooling breaking is about 10m/s higher than that of other ones .