This paper deals with the construction of a correlation decay tree (hypertree) for interacting systems modeled using graphs (hypergraphs) that can be used to compute the marginal probability of any vertex of interest. Local message passing equations have been used for some time to approximate the marginal probabilities in graphs but it is known that these equations are incorrect for graphs with loops. In this paper we construct, for any finite graph and a fixed vertex, a finite tree with appropriately defined boundary conditions so that the marginal probability on the tree at the vertex matches that on the graph. For several interacting systems, we show using our approach that if there is very strong spatial mixing on an infinite regular tree, then one has strong spatial mixing for any given graph with maximum degree bounded by that of the regular tree. Thus we identify the regular tree as the worst case graph, in a weak sense, for the notion of strong spatial mixing.


Abstract : Contents: the history of the development of the theory of elastic thin plates, theory of elastic thin plates, problems associated with the cylindrical bending of long rectangular plates, bending of simply supported rectangular plates, equilibrium, stability and vibration of rectangular plates with fixed edges, rectangular plates with two adjacent edges fixed and two adjacent edges simply supported, equilibrium, stability and vibration of continuous rectangular plates, problems associated with rectangular plates supported at the corner points.


Abstract Methods of adaptive smoothing of density estimates, where the amount of smoothing applied varies according to local features of the underlying density, are investigated. The difficulties of applying Taylor series arguments in this context are explored. Simple properties of the estimates are investigated by numerical integration and compared with the fixed kernel approach. Optimal smoothing strategies, based on the multivariate Normal distribution, are derived. As an application of these techniques, two tests of multivariate Normality—one based on integrated squared error and one on entropy—are developed, and some power calculations are carried out.


The experiment was conducted to investigate the agricultural utility of macro-porous calcium-silicate mineral(CellCaSi) as topsoil mixture, as well as to estimate as a soil conditioner. The bulk density of CellCaSi which is consisted of various particle sizes ranging from 1mm to 3.35mm was about 0.42g/9㎤, and its maximum porosity was approximately 81.4%. We also investigate germination rates for Cabbage and Lettuce to obtain the suitable mixing ratios of CellCaSi with topsoil. Among 4 different mixing ratios, the germination rates of topsoil mixed with 10% of CellCaSi were 94.1% and 64.6% for Cabbage and Lettuce, respectively, resulted in the most suitable for germination. The growth rates for Cabbage and Lettuce showed that 10% and 20% of CellCaSi treatments signification influenced the fresh weight. To observe the adsorption capacity of CellCaSi, CellCaSi was treated with a chemical fertlizer (N : P : K = 18 : 18 : 18). Increasing the contents of N, P and K, the amounts of adsorption by CellCaSi for these element also increase. The most suitable types nutrient resources for growth condition of Cabbage and Lettuce were Fer-1 and Fer-0.5.


Just a few years and a few months ago no one had heard of the coronavirus. Today this disease has profoundly changed the lives of millions of people. Thus, policy makers have been thinking about finding the answer to the economic crisis it has caused. What impact COVID-19 will have on the economy is immediately understood to be negative, but the extent of the damage will depend on the speed with which the authorities have undertaken to improve it and how willing governments have been to establish a kind of economic support for the immediate impact during the epidemic and the consequences it has caused. March 2020 Covid-19 immediate lockdowns played a crucial role in controlling the fast rise in cases. Countries that had failed to implement an immediate lockdown oversaw the immediate rise in cases, with worst-affected countries including Italy, the United States, UK, and Spain. Former US President Donald Trump insisted that the pandemic would not have been lethal if the countries engaged in immediate lockdown. Lockdown measures also bore positive results in European countries and finally Western Balkan. However, despite the low cases in Balkan, countries that implemented immediate lockdowns, such as Greece, Romania, Montenegro, Serbia, and Slovenia, saw a rise in unemployment. Unemployment rose from 4.8% to 46%, illustrating the negative impact of the pandemic towards socio-economic welfare, with primarily the disruption of SMEs and MNEs being a significant concern.


A literature survey on film condensation under various flow patterns such as annular, wavy, stratified and intermittent flow types numerically and experimentally for different fluids including refrigerants such as R141b, carbon dioxide, R134a, FC72, R290, R1234yf and ze(E) in addition to pure water vapor in tubes and mini-channels has been done between 2016-2020, taking into account variations in the geometry shaping characteristics used, including horizontal, vertical and inclined circular and twisted tubes for flat, finished and curved profiles and multiple cross-sectional mini-channels, including square, rectangular and triangular, with variations in their internal This survey includes shapes such as straight and convergent and/or divergent profiles, in addition to single and multi-port mini-channels. In addition, the effect of the surrounding cooling media type like stagnant air, natural gas flow (air and nitrogen), and immersed water are presented in this review. The survey focuses on the volume of fluid technique used in the numerical reviewed literature in order to solve the governing equations for laminar and turbulent flow conditions with great attention to the interface region characteristics between the vapor and the liquid phase for the above-mentioned flow types and their influence on the accuracy of the presented correlations on the evaluation of the condensate heat transfer coefficient.


This paper considers how self-organizing communities of practice are linked to their organizational context. We adopt a cultural perspective and distinct between cultural practices in communities and the organizational frame of reference, in order to explore their relationship. Drawing on multiple case studies, conducted in the German Federal Armed Forces, we identify a strong cultural linkage between the hierarchical organization and its informal communities. This conjunction is based on the community member's commitment to the organization, in particular, to its overall mission and norms. Additionally, we examine how formal leaders cope with communities of practice in light of this conjunction. According to our data, leadership enables communities to develop their own culture by granting autonomy and simultaneously shapes members cognition through sensegiving. Therefore, this research closes the gap in community literature that failes to consider the connections between informal social entities and thei...


The adsorption effect of the goat IgG proteins on fully clamped piezoelectric microdiaphragm based biosensor is investigated. It was demonstrated that the effect of the added mass is not the only and may not be the main origin of the response of these sensors. The experiments and finite element analysis show that the resonance frequency shifts depend critically on the distribution of the adsorbed proteins on the diaphragm. The adsorption of more proteins nearby the nodal nodes, which do not take apart in the vibration result less frequency shifts. An improvement in results is observed by increasing the high sensitive points along packed proteins area with using higher frequencies modes.


This paper describes experimental investigations on electroless deposition of silver from an aqueous bath containing AgNO3 and N2H4 as the precursor for silver and the reductant, respectively. The kinetics and mechanism of the electrochemical oxidation and reduction processes are studied through the partial polarization plots using the concept of mixed potential theory. Behaviors of cathodic and anodic equilibrium potentials were determined with respect to [Ag+] and [N2H4], respectively. Thermodynamic expressions for the mixed potential Em and kinetic expressions for the mixed current im were derived by considering specific segments in superimposed cathodic and anodic partial polarization curves and from it to understand the mechanism of the process.


This study aimed to measure the impact of perceived health care service quality on patient satisfaction at a major government hospital in Jordan. For this purpose, the study developed an instrument based on modified 'SERVQUAL' using five service quality dimensions, namely: empathy, tangible, reliability, responsiveness and assurance. A survey was conducted to collect data with a total of 448 outpatient participants. Statistical techniques such as descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were employed to test the hypotheses. Results show that there is an impact of perceived health care service quality on overall patient satisfaction. Reliability had the most influence, followed by empathy and assurance. The study provided a set of recommendations.


Pisarenko harmonic decomposition (PHD) method for sinusoidal frequency estimation has been extensively analyzed in the literature. However, none of the analyses can provide an accurate frequency variance expression particularly for small data record lengths and/or high signal-to-noise ratios (SNHs). With the use of a simple variance analysis technique, an exact expression of the PHD variance for single-lone frequency estimation is derived in this paper. An approximate PHD variance formula for sufficiently large data lengths and SNHs, as well as the upper and lower performance bounds are also included.


The settlement of Montparnace by artists and poets in the beginning of the 20 th centrury coincided by time with the new "wave" of Russian talents : Mark Shagal, Sergey Sharshun, Haim Sutin, Maria Vasilyeva – Marie Vassilieff. The author regards the gifted Russian artist Marie Vassilieff, who lived and worked at Monparnace hundred years ago (her works were presented at the exhibition Ecole de Paris that took place in winter 2000/2001 at the Paris Museum of Modern Art). The former became the matriarch of Monparnace clan when she was 25. The history of her life occupies 620 pages of the "these", containing the events of that time artistic bohemia, meetings that became legendary, and also the establishment of Academia Marie Vassilieff that attracted such students as Picasso, Brak, Leger, Modiliani, Sutin, Tsadkin… While preparing the "these", it became obvious the Vassilieff was inequitably "forsaken" : it was difficult to find her works ; fortunately, there is collector Claude Bernes in Paris who has the biggest part of the heritage. (Claude Bernes appeared very farseeing and although there is no museum of Marie Vassilieff, there exists the collection of her works in the small apartement on rue Pierre Senar where the cult of person of artist is thriving. ) Vasilieva's life was as dramatic as was the life of any woman who chose art and freedom.


Six new dihydrobenzofuran neolignans were isolated from the fresh rhizomes of Coptis japonica var. dissecta, together with (+)-isolariciresinol, (+)-lariciresinol glucoside, (+)-pinoresinol, (+)-pinoresinol glucoside, (+)-syringaresinol glucoside and ethyl ferulate. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic data and chemical evidence. Their absolute configurations were determined by means of CD studies.


The invention relates to a diversiform path navigation algorithm and a device for short paths. The algorithm includes: a step of calculating a navigation path between the current position and a terminal position; a step of shielding the obtained navigation path, calculating again another navigation path between the current position and the terminal position, and repeating the step for N times; and a step of displaying all the obtained navigation paths. The device comprises a calculating module, a shielding module, a counting module and a displaying module, wherein the calculating module is used for calculating the navigation paths between the current position and the terminal position; the shielding module is used for shielding the obtained navigation path and calculating other navigation paths between the current position and the terminal position; the counting module is used for counting the number of calculation of other navigation paths between the current position and the terminal position; and the displaying module is used for displaying all the obtained navigation paths. The method and the device can provide a plurality of the navigation paths for a user during short-path navigation.


Computer-aided design tools tailored for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) are needed to enable design of complex systems with multiple energy domains. In an analogy to the VLSI design methodology, physical, structural, and behavioral views of MEMS can be formed and coupled together in an integrated toolset. Of key importance is the formation of parameterized MEMS component libraries to support these views. Fast coupled-domain numerical (physical) simulation and behavioral simulation are required to move freely between the views.


The standard coupling azo dyes techniques were used to reveal the activities of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, esterase and β-galactoidase in the vegetative and reproductive cycle of Achlya flagellata . The end-products of the enzymic reactions, with the exception of E 600 sentisive esterese, which is localized in cytoplasm, occured in cytoplasmic granules. These granules are expected to be spherosomes. Acid phosphatase activity is high in differentiating sporangia, in antheridial hyphae and in degenerating oospheres where hydrolytic processes occur. β-galactosidase is the least active enzyme in the mycelium of Achlya .


Introduction To determine if weight gain below the institute of medicine (IOM) guidelines improves pregnancy outcomes and influences birthweight for women with class II obesity. Materials and methods We retrospectively included 996 women with class II obesity with singleton gestations and delivered at term in two hospitals providing level III maternal care between January 2006 and December 2015. Women were classified into three groups: weight gain within IOM recommendations (≥5-≤9kg), low weight gain (≥0-<5kg), and weight loss (<0kg). Maternal complications and birth weight were reported in all groups. The group presenting weight gain within IOM recommendations was considered as the reference group. Results 424 women (42.5%) constituted the reference group and presented weight gain within IOM recommendations; whereas 370 (37.1%) presented low weight gain and 202 (20.3%) presented weight loss. The rate of birthweight above 4000 g was reduced in women with low weight gain (odds ratio (OR) = 0.62 [0.42–0.93]; p = 0.02) and in women with weight loss (OR = 0.58 [0.35–0.96]; p = 0.02). However, the rates of small for gestational age fetuses (SGA) < 10th percentile was increased in women with weight loss (OR = 1.63 [1.03–2.58]; p = 0.02). Maternal and neonatal complications were not significantly different between groups. Conclusion While low weight gain in women with class II obesity may reduce macrosomia without excessive risk of SGA, it has no effect on maternal and neonatal complication rates.


DOI: 10.21276/sjeat.2017.2.12.4 Abstract: Medical devices can be categorized into two categories which is invasive and non-invasive method. Invasive method needs medical device to be inserted into patient body regarding to check or do the treatment on the patients. However, the non-invasive method is a way to check the health condition from the outside of the body. A common non-invasive medical device is Heart rate monitor. The function of the Heart rate monitor is determining heart rate (i.e.) beats per minute. The main aim of this work is to develop a portable device which helps to record heart rate of a person. The heart rate also referred as pulse rate, has been recognized as a vital parameter since beginning of medicine, and is directly related to person's cardiovascular health. Heart rate or pulse recording is the most important vital parameter which helps the individual as well as doctor to spot out developing health problems. Using Heart Rate Monitor (HRM) is a more accurate way to monitor heart rate than manually taking your pulse at carotid of radial pulse. A HRM detects the electronic signal of heart and automatically computes the heart rate in BPM. Infrared light emitting diode (LED) is used to transmit the light and phototransistor works as a receiver. The Infrared (IR) sensors used uses the principle reflectance plethysmography (PPG) to sense the pulse signal from finger tip. The sensor output is read from the Arduino board, computes the BPM and display the instantaneous heart rate on LCD display module. Based on the above principle, a portable heart rate device using Arduino microcontroller is developed.


THE problem of sciatic pain is a complex one. Justification for this paper lies in the belief that it is insufficiently understood and that on the whole there is a widespread laxity in accurate diagnosis, with the inevitable corollary that treatment may be inappropriate or inadequate. There is no need to emphasise the frequency of such pain. Most cases are treated by the general practitioner, but many are referred to general physicians, surgeons, orthopedists, or neurologists, or to those who specialise in various forms of physiotherapy. What matters from the point of view of the patient is that anyone undertaking treatment should have a comprehensive appreciation of the problem and be capable of carrying out the treatment indicated or at least of referring him to someone who can. Before trying to be constructive, it would be as well to give reasons for dissatisfaction with the usual state of affairs. In the first place, the term "sciatica" is loosely used for almost any pain down the back of the lower limb. It implies that the sciatic nerve is directly involved in some pathological process. Actually in a majority of cases this is not so, and the pain is referred from some structure in the posterior ilio-lumbar-sacral region. It would be better to say that the patient has pain down the thigh and leg, for that at least is true, and in actual fact may represent all that is known, rather than imply prematurely that the precise cause of the pain is understood. No harm is done if it is realised that "sciatica" is not a diagnosis, but unfortunately all too often the matter is not carried further. The patient is labelled "sciatica," put to bed in the acute stage, given warmth, analgesics, and possibly a counter-irritant, until he is fit for some form of physiotherapy. Sometimes it is mentioned that an injection of oxygen or saline into or around the nerve sheath may be beneficial, and occasionally it is recommended that an epidural injection is worth trying and may give marked relief. Many, however, are not aware of the precise indications and details of technique of such procedures. If the patient does not improve by the end of a few weeks, or as we all know, sometimes months, he is referred for a specialist opinion-usually to a neurologist or orthopaedist-where disorders in these two specialities are excluded or treated. If that fails, he is likely to be sent hopefully once more for physiotherapy, or possibly, and a little ashamedly, in the case of a woman with predominant backache, to that haven for one who has done the rounds of the departments of a general hospital-gynaeecological O.P.s, or if of dubious mental balance, to that other haven-the psychological department. Most of us will remember being taught the first thing to do in sciatica is to exclude all possible forms of pressure on the nerve, especially neoplastic, and5


IntroductionIsolated lateral compartment osteoarthritis (OA) occurs in 5–10% of knees with OA [1, 2]. Lateral unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (LUKA) emerged as a treatment to this disease in the...


Prediction of bearing capacity and soil type is a requirement for the safety of construction before planning a building construction. Therefore, it is necessary to research the distribution of bearing capacity and conical resistance to determine soil conditions in an area. Based on CPT data, this study mapped cone resistance distribution and soil-bearing capacity distribution in the ITK masterplan area. The analysis was carried out by reviewing the 40 cm pile foundation at 11 m. The analysis was carried out using the Kriging, IDW, and Spline with Barriers methods. The bearing capacity was analyzed using the Trofimankove method. The mapping of the carrying capacity using the three interpolation methods results in a Qall value of around 26,024 – 87,835 tons. The cone resistance mapping results using the three interpolation methods show that the soil consistent in the ITK masterplan area is stiff, very stiff and Hard with a qc value of around 16,0804 – 259,54 kg/cm2. The ITK masterplan area has a type of foundation soil, which is hard. The comparison results obtained from mapping the cone resistance and the carrying capacity of the three interpolation methods used, the value of the range of qc and Qall closest to the sample data used is the IDW method


One of the leading trauma centers and orthopedic medicine in Ukraine is the Institute of Spine and Joint them. prof. M. I. Sytenka Academy of Medical NAMS of Ukraine, which was founded at the beginning of the last century called Medical-Mechanical Institute (1907). The initiative of its foundation belongs representative business organization Southern economic region in Southern Russia Congress of Miners (Kharkiv city) and its head Nikolai Fedorovich von Ditmar.

The purpose of article are the analysis of the creating process, the main activities and the targets of Medical-Mechanical Institute.

The research methodology is based on the system of principles (scientism, objectivism and historicism) and the scientific methods. The use of general scientific (analytical, synthetic, systemic) and special-historical (historical-typological, historical-comparative, chronological) methods allowed to analyze the worldwide experience of these institutions founding, to select the features of the Medical-Mechanical Institute.

Results. Due to the high level of traumatism mining and factory work before business corporation faced the task of ensuring workers' professional level treatment and determine the degree of disability. The Institute was organized on the model of similar health care institutions in Germany.

Novelty of research. Article shows that the just a few years the Institute was equipped with everything needed to perform complex surgical and posttraumatic the first two years of maintaining mechanical Medical Congresses Miners Institute of Southern Russia spent over 100 000 rub.; annual maintenance of the Institute ranged from 40 thousand Russian money in the 1914–1915 biennium 80 000 rub. in 1912–1913. Led by this medical institution talented organizer and scientist Dr. Carl F. Wegner. It was highlighted that doctors Medical Institute mechanical maintained professional relationships with German and domestic medical institutions, fruitful and close cooperation established with the medical faculty of Kharkov University.

Conclusions. Pretty soon Kharkov Medical and Mechanical Institute became a leading center of traumatology and implementation of entrepreneurs other social projects. Modern Institute of Spine and Joint them. prof. M. I. Sytenka is a worthy successor Academy of Medical Medical Mechanical Institute, health care, where honor the memory of its founders retain tradition and keep up to date with innovations.


"Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of topical cyclosporine A 0.05% (Restasis) in the treatment of dry eye symptoms caused by various ocular surface inflammatory disorders. Methods: Thirty?three patients with ocular surface diseases, including 17 with Sj?gren syndrome, 8 with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), 4 with Thygeson's keratitis, and 4 with atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) were treated with Restasis twice a day for 3 months. During follow?up, the symptom severity assessment (burning, itching, foreign body sensation, blurring, photophobia, and pain), TBUT (tear break?up time), Schirmer score, frequencies of artificial tear use, onset of symptomatic relief, subjective satisfaction score, and side effects were evaluated. Results: In patients with Sj?gren syndrome, foreign body sensation, blurring, photophobia, and pain were reduced after treatment, and the mean Schirmer score, TBUT increased and frequencies of artificial tear use decreased significantly. In patients with MGD, photophobia was reduced after treatment, TBUT and artificial tear use improved after 2 months, and the Schirmer score increased at 3 months. In patient's with Thygeson's keratitis, foreign body sensation and photophobia reduced, and the Schirmer score was increased at 3 months. No significant changes in symptoms, Schirmer score, or TBUT were observed in patients with AKC. Of all subjects, 55% reported symptomatic relief between 3 and 5 weeks after treatment. The mean satisfaction score after treatment was the highest for patients with Sj?gren syndrome. Two subjects reported a temporary burning sensation, and one subject quit using Restasis because of bitter taste and a burning sensation. Conclusions: Treatment with Restasis appeared to be effective in treating dry eye symptoms in patients with Sj?gren syndrome. It was shown to be partially helpful in patients with MGD and Thygeson's keratitis, while it showed no beneficial effect in patients with AKC."


Soil depth is an important index in appraising soil degradation and soil productivity.In the lithoidal mountainous area of northern China,the soil horizon is thin,with high rock fragments contents.In the interest of shortcut soil depth survey,the research was carried out with penetration method,that is penetrating a steel drill of 1.2 m long with a diameter of 0.6cm into the soil vertically until the tip reaching the bedrock,and measuring the length of the section which has been penetrated into the soil.Statistics and analysis of the survey data showed that 76% of the soil depth is less than 20cm,90% of the soil depth is less than 30cm,and the average soil depth is 15cm.The spatial variability of soil depth in two meters distance belongs to median level.The variability coefficient of 93% of the samples is between 0.1 and 1,7% higher than 1.The spatial distribution map of soil depth indicated that the soil depth is deeper in the northwest comparatively with the vegetation type of woodland and shrubbery,where the cover rate is high,and human function is sparse.Soil erosion intensity is low.The factors affecting soil depth were also analyzed.The results showed that the correlation of soil depth and elevation was not significant.Because all the elevation of sample point selected is below one kilometer and the elevation is not high enough to cause the element change.Soil depth has distinctiveness within different aspects;the soil depth of southern aspect is smaller than that of the northern.Moreover,soil depth was positively and negatively related with vegetative cover and slope gradient,respectively,for soil depth increased with the vegetative cover and decreased with the slope gradient.So the topographic factors(slope,aspect) and the vegetative cover are the major factors dominating the characteristics of soil depth distribution.The research method is simple and shortcut,and the result will provide basic data for mountain land use and project of soil and water conservation.


Abstract Adult language learners are notorious for their lack of ultimate mastery of language structure. A review of recent literature suggests that their superior processing capacity may play a role in this failure. Three experiments in which adults were taught an unfamiliar sign language confirmed this hypothesis. Adults learning under normal conditions showed faster learning of studied materials, but made more errors in trying to generalize the language to new contexts than did adults performing a concurrent capacity-limiting task. Specifically, these errors involved producing signs in new contexts holistically—i.e., exactly as they were learned, rather than adjusting them appropriately to the new context. Similarly, adults practicing signs as wholes also produced more holistic, frozen signs than did those practicing subcomponents of signs. In both cases, adults learning under normal conditions were failing to learn the internal structure of the language and were therefore limited in their ability to generalize to new contexts.


Dear Editor, AML is a group of heterogeneous diseases derived from various cytogenetic and molecular abnormalities that are significant for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in many cases. We report a rare case of AML harboring t(11;19)(p15;p12) that was detected with whole-genome sequencing (WGS). A 33-yr-old woman was admitted to a local hospital with abdominal pain and diarrhea for five days. After conservative treatment, the symptoms improved. However, definite leukocytosis persisted; therefore, the patient visited our hospital for further evaluation. The initial complete blood count showed an Hb level of 7.6 g/dL, white blood cell (WBC) count of 29.48×10/L, and platelet count of 53×10/L. On the peripheral blood smear, differential counts revealed 15% segmented neutrophils, 16% lymphocytes, 60% monocytes, 1% eosinophils, 1% atypical lymphocytes, 1% promyelocytes, 6% blasts, and 4 nucleated red blood cells (RBCs) per 100 WBCs. RBCs were macrocytic and hyperchromic with mild polychromasia and anisocytosis. The bone marrow (BM) aspirate smear showed increased myeloblasts and monoblasts (7.6% and 42.0% of all nucleated cells, respectively) (Fig. 1A). Some blasts were positive for myeloperoxidase (MPO), Sudan black B, specific esterase, and non-specific esterase stains, and showed fine granular positivity for periodic acid-Schiff stain. BM biopsy revealed a markedly hypercellular marrow (95–100% cellularity) with infiltrations of leukemic blasts. Flow cytometric analysis revealed the blasts to be positive for CD11c, CD14, CD33, CD64, CD71, MPO, and HLA-DR, which indicated acute leukemia of the myeloid lineage with a monocytic component. Chromosomal analysis of the BM specimen showed 46,XX,t(11;19)(p15;p12)[26]/46,XX[1] (Fig. 1B). FISH analysis showed normal genotypes for AML1-ETO, PML-RARα, CBFB, and MLL. In the real-time allele-specific PCR assay for FLT3 mutations, a D835Y mutation was detected. Multiplex reverse transcriptase PCR using Hemavision kit (DNA Technology, Aarhus, Denmark) did not detect any other mutations. For further evaluation, we sent the BM samples out for WGS and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis. The WGS analysis was performed by using the HiSeq X Ten system (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA), and RNA-seq analysis was performed by using the 100-bp paired-end mode of the TruSeq Rapid PE Cluster kit and the TruSeq Rapid SBS kit (Illumina, San Diego, CA, USA). The WGS analysis revealed the presence of 16 in-frame gene fusions, including a fusion between NUP98 and ZNF91 (Fig. 2A). To clarify these findings, additional FISH analyses using the NUP98 break-apart FISH probe kit (Empire Genomics,


In a world where the first casualty of war is truth, journalism has become the new battleground. Peter Greste spent two decades reporting from the front line in the world's most dangerous countries before making headlines himself following his own incarceration in an Egyptian prison. Charged with threatening national security, and enduring a sham trial, solitary confinement and detention for 400 days, Greste himself became a victim of the new global war on journalism. Wars have always been about propaganda but today's battles are increasingly between ideas, and the media has become part of the battlefield. Extremists have staked a place in news dissemination with online postings, and journalists have moved from being witnesses to the struggle to a means by which the war is waged – which makes them a target. Having covered conflicts in Afghanistan, Iraq and Somalia, as well as having spent time in prison in Egypt, Greste is extremely well placed to describe in vivid detail what effect this has on the nature of reporting and the mind of the reporter. Based on extensive interviews and research, Greste shows how this war on journalism has spread to the West, not just in the murders at the French satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo or the repressions of Putin's Russia, but Australia's metadata laws and Trump's phony war on 'fake news'.


Targets that have been investigated in the artillery battlefield are used to be complex.The thesis builds similar fuzzy matrix,based on determining the shot order in a fuzzy assemble analysis way.Meanwhile,it calculates the shot order of the targets range based on the λ,which can provide a reasonable fire distribution so as to carry out the artillery fire effect.


When the fluorescence of a material under transparent conductive films is measured, it is sometimes required that the transparent conductive films have low fluorescence intensity to prevent stray light. Herein, the oxygen partial pressure during sputtering is varied and the transmittance, resistivity, and fluorescence intensity are measured to clarify the cause of the fluorescence of indium tin oxide (ITO) and In2O3. The fluorescence intensity of both ITO and In2O3 decreases with an increase in the oxygen partial pressure in the case of as‐deposited films. The cause of fluorescence is considered to be oxygen vacancies. ITO can maintain low resistivity even with a small amount of oxygen vacancies since it contains SnO2, which generates carriers. High‐temperature annealing also introduces other defects, which increases the fluorescence intensity.


Dairy cow dry matter intake (DMI) data from Australia (AU), the United Kingdom (UK) and the Netherlands (NL) were combined (1801 cows) for this study. The aim was to explore the impact on the accuracy of genomic estimated breeding values of pooling data across key reference populations. A total of 843 Australian growing heifers with records on DMI measured over 60 to 70 d at approximately 200 d of age, 359 Scottish and 599 Dutch lactating heifers with records on DMI during the first 100 d in milk were included in the data set. Genotypes were obtained using the Illumina BovineSNP50 BeadChip for European (UK+NL) cows, and Illumina High Density Bovine SNP chip for AU heifers. The AU and EU genomic data were matched on SNP-name and genotypes were compared for quality control using 40 bulls that were genotyped in both data sets. This resulted in a total of 30,949 SNPs being used in the analyses. Genomic predictions were with both single-trait and multi-trait genomic REML models, using ASReml. The accuracy of genomic prediction was evaluated in 11 single-country validation sets, and the reference set (where animals had both DMI phenotypes and genotypes) were either a reference set within AU or EU, or with a multi-country reference set consisting of all data except the validation set. When DMI was considered to be the same trait for each country, using a multi-country reference set, the accuracy of genomic prediction for DMI increased for EU and UK, but not for AU and NL. Extending to a bivariate (AU-EU) or trivariate (AU-UK-NL) model increased the accuracy of genomic prediction for DMI in all countries. The highest accuracies were estimated for all countries when data was analyzed with a trivariate model, with increases of up to 5.5% compared with a single-trait analysis with a multi-country reference set.


ntussusception in adults occurs infrequently and differs from childhood intussusception in its presentation, cause and treatment. In adults, it accounts for about 2%‐3% of bowel obstructions. 1 In contrast to childhood intussusception, 90% of cases in adults are associated with an underlying pathologic process such as a malignant lesion. In adults, intussusception is more likely to present insidiously with vague abdominal symptoms and rarely presents with the classic triad of vomiting, abdominal pain and passage of blood per rectum, making diagnosis difficult. CT findings are pathognomonic for intussusception, making CT the most effective diagnostic test. Case report A 31-year-old woman presented with a 6-day history of right-sided abdominal pain and several episodes of hematochesia. She had experienced a single episode of emesis 6 days before presentation. She was afebrile, with pain on palpation of her abdomen 5 cm to the right of the umbilicus. A 3-cm mobile mass was palpable at the site of maximal tenderness. She had no peritoneal signs and a leukocyte count of 11.3 × 10 9 /L. CT of the abdomen demonstrated findings consistent with colocolonic intussusception (Fig. 1). Laparotomy demonstrated a mass in the right ascending colon with no signs of intussusception, leading us to believe that the intussusceptum had spontaneously resolved. A right colectomy with side-to-side anastomosis was performed. The resected colon was opened and a submucosal pedunculated lesion was seen in the proximal cecum (Fig. 2). Pathological examination identified the mass as a lipoma (Fig. 3). The patient's recovery was uncomplicated. Discussion


Different explants of Miscanthus x ogiformis Honda 'Giganteus' were tested in order to develop an efficient tissue culture system. Shoot apices, leaf and root sections from in vitro-propagated plants, and leaf and immature inflorescence sections from 6-month-old greenhouse-grown plants were used. The explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 4.5, 13.6, 22.6 or 31.7 #M 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Three types of callus were formed but only one was embryogenic and regenerated plants. Callus induction and formation of embryogenic callus depended on the type and developmental stage of the explants. Shoot apices formed the highest percentage of embryogenic callus. There was a difference in the formation of embryogenic callus between leaf explants from in vitro-propagated shoots and greenhouse-grown plants. The best results were obtained from newly formed leaves of in vitro-propagated shoots and older leaves of greenhouse-grown plants. Immature inflorescences smaller than 2.5 cm produced a higher percentage of embryogenic callus than larger more mature inflorescences. Embryogenic callus derived from immature inflorescences had the highest regeneration capacity. Differences in 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid concentrations had no significant effect on callus induction, embryogenic callus formation and plant regeneration. Abbreviations: MS Murashige & Skoog; 2,4-D 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid; BA benzyladenine; NAA 1-naphthaleneacetic acid; PPFD photosynthetic photon flux density


The sharing economy not only offers considerable economic opportunities, but also throws up major challenges in the areas of regulation, taxation and covering it suitably in official statistics


Mueller, 1 in 1838, first suggested the term "desmoid tumor," but it was not accepted generally until Sanger 2 published four papers (1880 to 1885) describing tumors arising from the round and the broad ligaments, the periosteum of the pelvic bones and from the abdominal walls. Ledderhose, 3 in 1890, collected from the literature 100 cases of such tumors in the abdominal walls. Pfeiffer, 4 in 1904, published a comprehensive review of the subject and reported forty cases from his own clinic and 260 from the literature. These with Ledderhose's 100 cases made a total of 400. Pfeiffer limited the use of the term "desmoid" to fibromas arising in the musculo-aponeurotic structures of the abdominal walls, and this interpretation has been generally accepted. Powers, 5 in 1905, reported three cases of his own and abstracted the work of Pfeiffer in detail. Stone, 6 in 1908, reported a case of his


SUMMARY Formal theological education, as mediated through degree programs and specialized academic courses of study, provides the foundational outlook and breadth of religious knowledge and practices upon which are built personal beliefs, professional identity and skills, and vocational direction. To be a pastoral counselor, one is expected to be grounded in formal theological education as an essential ongoing resource for forming one's identity and guiding one's practice of counseling. Pastoral theology is the discipline within formal theological education that serves as a bridge between the broader theological milieu and the crucible of pastoral counseling education, supervision and practice in which the more particular elements of the identity, role, and skills necessary for becoming a pastoral counselor come together


the pores in any one. McKenna ridicules the cleansing properties of cold cream, which are so often advertised. 3L3t if any observer will apply cold cream to the face and then rub it off with cotton-wool he will find that the cream has removed a considerable layer of dirt and dust-more, in fact, than can be removed with a damp sponge or tow-l. McKenna further dismisses the use of creams and skini foods on the ground that, with the cxcaption of glycerin, none of the usual constituents are absorbed. But Sutton's experiments have shown that fats are absorbed, though in very varying degrees. McKenna would apparently confine the toilet of the face to the use of soap-andwater. He says that it is only in exceptional cases that the skin of the face is irritated by toilet soaps, if we exclude the cheaper soaps containing coco-nut oil and an excess of free alkali. This is by no means a universal experience. McCafferty and Genovese, in addition to their tests with cold cream, made further tests with soap. They chose patients with moderately dry skins, and observed the effect of a few weeks' use of soap-and-water on the face. They found that mild desquamation appaared, with a feeling of tautness. This disappeared with the application of cold cream. They conclude very rvasonably that soap-and-water are suitable for oily skins, and cold cream for dry skins. Vanishing creams they condemned as of no value, on the ground that these creams were on'ly used as a basis for powder, and the same purpose couLlld be served equally well by cold cream. From an aesthetic point of view this is not quite true. The fatty nature of cold creams makes them too shiny for use by day, and it is for this reason that women dislike them.


The syntheses of some carotene-α,β-dicarboxylic acids by means of Stobbe condensations is described.

According to the wavelengths of their absorption maxima in UV and visible light these compounds exhibit a high degree of steric hindrance.


A recently developed calorimeter has been used to determine the self heating propensity of 31 Australian black coals. These measurements have enabled relationships to be established between the measured temperature rise and a coal's petrographic and chemical composition. It has been shown that, at constant rank the susceptibility of a coal to self heating decreases with increasing inertinite content. Weaker trends to increasing susceptibility with increasing vitrinite and exinite content were also observed. No trend was apparent between the semi inertinite content of the test coals and the observed temperature rise. An empirical relationship between volatile matter content, specific energy and the maximum temperature rise has also been determined which enables the test coals to be divided conveniently into five categories according to their relative susceptibility to self heating. These five categories, designated low, low/medium, medium, high and very high, are based on the observed calorimeter temperatu...


Global trends show a dramatic increasing trend in overweight and obesity. Mean body mass index (BMI) increased by 1.1 to 1.4 kg/m2 between 1980 and 2008 (4), paralleled by a mean global increase in diabetes from 153 to 347 million (1). Changes in lifestyle, and most importantly diet, nutrition, and physical exercise, form an essential explanation for this rise in this and other chronic diseases. The joint WHO/FAO (16) concluded that "healthy diets and physical activity are key to good nutrition and necessary for a long and healthy life" and that "people should enjoy fruits, vegetables, and legumes, and select foods from plant and marine origin." Whole grains are part of a healthy diet. Several epidemiological studies have already demonstrated that regular consumption of a diet rich in whole grain (WG) results in a lower prevalence of chronic disease (2, 13, 19). Meta-analyses showed that risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease decreased by 6% to 1% and less weight gain occurred when 3–5 servings were consumed daily over 8–13 yrs compared to never/rare WG consumers (19). Additionally there is evidence emerging for the beneficial effects of WG consumption on glucose metabolism in healthy and compromised populations, satiety, and enhanced performance as well as beneficial effects on microbiome and host interactions. Despite this evidence, intake levels of WG are—in some cases far—below dietary recommendations, which is of concern. In the United States, median whole grain intake is only 20% of that recommended by the U.S. Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee, whereas intake of solid fats/added sugars and refined grains far exceeds the recommendations (12,18). Only about 1% of U.S. children meet recommended WG intakes (9); instead, a large proportion of consumed grains are refined. There are several barriers and opportunities to increase WG intake: 1) There is a lack of international scientific consensus on what constitutes a WG food, 2) there is a need for international harmonization and inclusion of dietary recommendations for WG in national dietary guidelines, 3) we must address the declining consumer interest in carbohydrates, and 4) there needs to be enhanced options for distribution channels of WG foods. Scientific Consensus on What Constitutes a WG Food and Use of Similar Definitions in Surveys. An accepted definition of WG by AACC International (17) states WG as "the intact, ground, cracked, or flaked caryopsis whose principal anatomical components—the starchy endosperm, germ, and bran are present in the same relative proportions as they exist in the intact caryopsis (i.e., the grain)." Although this scientific definition is frequently used and accepted in international context, it does not describe how much WG a food needs to contain in order to qualify as "whole grain." In the United States, the whole grain stamp was developed to help identify the content of WG in a particular food. However, WG is not included in the nutrition label in any country, leading to a lack of clarity on how many grams of WG are actually present in a particular food. Epidemiological surveys in international literature use different definitions to classify foods as WG foods which makes comparison of actual intake data between surveys problematic. A more reasonable approach would be to use grams of WG. A consensus on how to measure WG intake effectively and consistently needs to be developed and biomarkers need to be identified that can reliably reflect WG intake. International Harmonization and Inclusion of Dietary Recommendations for WG in National Guidelines. Dietary recommendations vary greatly between countries or, in most cases, are not available. Only few countries report WG as part of their national survey results. When available, numerical targets for WG intake vary between countries from 16 to 115 grams per day (8,17). Assessment of food-based dietary guidelines in the European region showed that only 8 out of 49 countries have a recommendation to specifically increase WG intake (6). The U.S. Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2010 states that WG intake needs to be increased and gives a number of examples how to increase and meet the 48 gram per day target. Recommendations for Nordic countries, historically the greatest WG consumers, are based on caloric needs and vary between 62 and 75 g/day (10,11) for women and men respectively, whereas other countries have either higher or much lower recommendations. The basis for this discrepancy is unclear. Clearly, an understanding is needed to develop a globally accepted recommended intake for WG. Addressing the Declining Consumer Interest in Carbohydrates. Adequate dietary intake of WG has become increasingly challenging (5) due to, for example, consumer perception of carbohydrates as "bad" (14). In addition, barriers exist because of increased consciousness about calories and a misunderstanding of gluten-free dieting. U.S. consumption of wheat 1 PepsiCo Global R&D Nutrition. E-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com.


Many parameters are needed in the assessment of the benefits of a periodic screening program. In this paper we present formulas for two of them: the proportion SP of patients detected and the lead time of such a program. The lead time is the time by which the disease is detected earlier due to screening. We also give a lower bound for the mean lead time L in terms of the mean sojourn time in a certain preclinical state P and of the sensitivity of the screening test in this state P only. Finally, we indicate how the mean sojourn time and, under certain assumptions, even the sensitivity are estimated from the results during the initial phase of the screening program.


We define an algorithm that parses multidimensional arrays sequentially into mainly unrepeated but nested multidimensional sub-arrays of increasing size, and show that the resulting sub-block pointer encoder compresses almost every realization of any finite-alphabet ergodic process on $\mathbb{Z}_{\geq0}^d$ to the entropy, in the limit.


A physics-based solution to the surface potential and potential in the middle of the film for the symmetric undoped or light-doped double-gate (DG) polysilicon thin-film transistors (poly-Si TFTs) has been derived from the one-dimensional (1-D) Poisson's equation. The calculation of the channel potential accounts for an exponential distribution of defect states' density. It provides a good description of surface potential over different regions of operation. Comparison with numerical data shows that the solution serves as a good approximation to potential under different conditions. The characteristics of the drain current at DG poly-Si TFTs based on terms of surface potential have been described and modeled in this paper. The resulting drain current characteristics show a good agreement with two-dimensional (2-D) numerical device simulations with a minimum of parameters, and also a good match to the DG poly-Si TFTs experimental data.


Opening and closing state is a crucial factor of disconnector monitoring. We propose a new attitude detection method and a corresponding algorithm model that enables us to monitor the operation status of the disconnector. For the attitude solution of the disconnector, quaternion to Euler angle transformation of MPU9250 was used to obtain the attitude model. In addition, this paper demonstrates two error compensation algorithms that can effectively solve the static drift and temperature drift of attitude angle. The results of the experiment carried out on the disconnector indicate that the algorithm is advisable in attitude solutions.


A new ascaridoid nematode Mawsonascaris zhoui sp. nov. collected from the granulated guitarfish Glaucostegus granulatus (Cuvier) (Rajiformes: Rhinobatidae) in the Taiwan Strait (off Xiamen, Fujian Province, China) is described and illustrated in this paper. The new species can easily be distinguished from its congeners by the absence of an intestinal caecum, the presence of a single, median precloacal volcaniform papilla, a pair of paracloacal double papillae and 10–11 precloacal papillae in the male. In addition, the paratypes of Raphidascaroides myliobatum Yin & Zhang, 1983 collected from the Japanese eagle ray Myliobatis tobijei Bleeker (Rajiformes: Myliobatidae) in the Taiwan Strait (off Chongwu, Fujian Province, China) were also re-examined and the morphology of the species reveals that it also belongs to the genus Mawsonascaris, as M. myliobatum (Yin & Zhang, 1983) comb. nov. An identification key to the species of Mawsonascaris is provided.


A kind of method that double flute method produces prodan, mainly fluosilicic acid is added at twice carries out synthetic reaction using two reactive tanks, sodium sulfate salt excess in keeping slurry in 1# reactive tanks, fluosilicic acid excess in keeping slurry in 2# reactive tanks, from 2# reactive tanks prodan slurry out by settling stiff twice, the lower floor's thick slurry isolated obtains wet prodan semi-finished product after filtering, washing, and finished product prodan is obtained after drying;And settling upper liquid that stiff isolates twice and washing lotion then adds Paris white and the milk of lime to carry out neutralisation treatment, treatment obtains the middle aqueous mother liquor containing 0.3% or so sodium ion and returns to phosphoric acid by wet process tail desorption system reclaiming sodium ion.This is a kind of method that consumption of raw materials is lower and makes the sewage in prodan production realize real circulation.


Abstract Two kinds of isoetalean lycopsids widely prevailed in the Triassic, the Pleuromeia-type and the Annalepis-type, the latter including a plexus of closely related genera. Comparative studies using new macromorphological and ultrastructural data suggest that both genera are interconnected and closely related to Isoetes. Morever they suggest that Annalepis is probably ancestral to Isoetes, via Isoetites. Besides several of the morphological and ultrastructural features of the Triassic lycopsids and Isoetes also appear to be present in some of the most ancient lycopsids, suggesting that the lineage including the modern Isoetales has a very remote origin.


Before an individual makes a job choice — or even a college major — public service motivation (PSM) surfaces among college freshman as an influential motivator for public oriented behaviors. In this paper we explore how PSM is related to the service orientation of college freshman. More specifically, we ask whether PSM is related to two dimensions of a student's service orientation: 1) curricular service orientation (service learning) and 2) extracurricular service orientation (volunteering frequency). While PSM's relationship with prosocial behavior has been established among adults, we have yet to examine how it affects the behavior of individuals who are pre-career or pre-service. An additional innovation of this study is that we use four different operationalizations of PSM. Using survey data from undergraduate students in a required political science seminar we estimate models of PSM's relationship with the two dimensions of an individual's service orientation. Our results indicate that PSM has a positive relationship with both curricular service learning and extracurricular service learning in the sample. We discuss the implications of these findings for public service education and training.


The electronic absorption spectra of Cs2NaTbCl6 and Cs2NaYCl6:Tb3+ have been recorded between 34000-43000 cm(-1) at temperatures down to 10 K. Well-resolved spin-forbidden and spin-allowed transitions are observed, comprising three and one electronic transitions, respectively, between the crystal field levels of 4f(8) and 4f(7)d (t(2g)) states. For transitions from the electronic ground state, symmetry selection rules restrict the upper crystal field levels to be Gamma(4u) (T-1u) symmetry. Three vibrational progression modes appear in the electronic transitions and these are assigned to breathing modes with the first, second, and third nearest neighbors of Tb3+. The experimental results are rationalized both from the use of a simple model and from the extended f-shell programs of Reid. The excitation process 4f(8)-> 4f(7)5d (t(2g)) involves a small (5.5 pm) bond length change which is considered to be a contraction rather than an expansion.


Agribot is a robot developed using ARM LPC2148 which performs elementary functions like ploughing, sowing, water sprinkling, leveling and pesticide sprinkling simultaneously. It operates in automatic and manual mode. IoT enables the utilization of TCP/IP webapp to control agricultural processes. IR sensor detects the obstacle during its movement. Temperature is sensed for any variations to ensure proper growth of plant. The optimal temperature range is set to 22°C-33°C. The threshold resistance for determining moisture level is 700. The pump is switched on automatically based on moisture level. pH sensor is used to detect the pH of soil. Most of the crops grow well in slightly acidic conditions of pH range 5.5-7.0. NPK value required for choosing appropriate fertilizer is determined. The amount of NPK is displayed in percentage in the format "N: 25 P: 25 K: 50". The crop suitable for the particular type of soil is determined. Keywords—Agribot; seeding; GPS;IoT;ploughing; leveling; sensors; TCP/IP tool; Wi-Fi; Zigbee Introduction Agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy. It determines to a large extent the growth of the nation. Raising the agricultural production is critical as it plays dominant role in country's wealth. As population is increasing, need for agricultural goods is increasing. The traditional farming methods are unacceptable. Farmers are under huge pressure as are not getting sufficient yield in spite of the labour and resources invested. A cost effective solution has to be developed to overcome the situation. In present days, many robots have been developed for agricultural activities. Rapid advancements are taking place due to the latest technologies being used. IoT is an emerging technology which finds its use in real time applications. IoT can connect the farmer through the web application from anywhere. Wi-Fi module is used which connects to the TCP/UDP tool in Android phone. Image processing unit is used to process database to the algorithm which can give suggestions to farmers using ZigBee. In our proposed system, a multifunctional agricultural robot (Agribot) is developed which performs basic functions like digging, seed dispensing and leveling. Agribot makes the field work easy and saves time. It has additional functions like water and pesticide sprinkling. Pump is automated through the use of moisture sensor. The farmer is connected through the web-app which provides timely alerts to famers. The Agribot can be utilized in both automated and manual mode and assists the farmer instead of just being a replacement. The system also supports functions like soil testing to know its nutritional values. It intimates the farmer about the fertilizers and crops appropriate for a particular type of soil. Other functions include temperature sensing and determining pH value to ensure the healthy growth of crop. Solar power is used as an alternative source of power. It provides an energy-efficient solution. I. LITERATURE REVIEW Various literatures have been discussed about the design of Agribot. A prototype of agribot is developed which is used for sowing. It measures seed spacing as input to sow the seeds precisely. Mild steel is used for chassis to handle more weight. Solar power can be utilized as alternative to the lead-acid battery being used [1]. An energyefficient agribot is developed for precision agriculture. The robot is implemented for performing tasks such as seed monitoring by sensing parameters such as moisture, temperature and humidity. The robot is built using XBee. It uses the resources precisely when required by the crops for wastage reduction [2]. An autonomous agribot is being developed which is GPS and vision based. Vision system is used for navigation. Stereo vision sensors detects obstacle up to 5m. Suspension system is used to avoid skidding. Multiple robots can be utilized to reduce time using swarm technology [3]. An agribot is developed which sends alerts to the farmer via GSM. To track the location GPS technology is used. Webcam is used to send live updates to server [4]. An agribot is developed based on Bluetooth technology. Bluetooth module is used to send the commands through android application. Weed control is integrated [5]. A hexapod agribot is developed which moves in multiple directions without turning its body. It avoids the obstacles using proximity sensor. A sensor is integrated in it's under body to sense whether sowing is done at a given location [6]. An agribot is International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security (IJCSIS), Vol. 18, No. 8, August 2020 19 https://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/ ISSN 1947-5500 designed using Atmega microcontroller. It is enhanced using various sensors for sensing temperature, soil moisture, and humidity. Water pump is integrated for automatic irrigation [7]. An agribot is proposed which performs all the processes in farming simultaneously. This robot is implemented using master controller and a gripper arm. IR sensor is used to detect barriers in the path of the agribot [8]. An electromechanical agribot is implemented using Arduino. It uses ultrasonic sensor to detect the fence wall of the field [9]. An agribot is designed which works on the concept of precision agriculture. The spatial distance for each type of crop is programmed to the robot using MATLAB [10].


Infants' development is a dynamic process that has multiple stages. Disorders of growth and development are as one of the most common problems in the process of infant development. This study aimed to determine the developmental level of infants less than two years who were referred to the health care centers of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. This study was descriptive cross-sectional which was done on 397 infants 4-24 months of systematic sampling by standard age & stages questionnaires. The prevalence of developmental delay in infants 4 to 24 months on average was 4.8; 203 girls and 194 boys, in other words 3.9 and 5.7 percent have developmental delay. The prevalence of developmental delay was 11.4% in 4 months infants in 4 domains, 5.7% in 6 months infants in two domains, 34.4% in 18 months infants in three domains, and 5% in 24 months infants in 1 domain. According to this study, the developmental delay was in an acceptable level, however, it increased dramatically at the age of 18 months. The highest level of developmental delay was observed in fine motor. Parental training and encouraging primary care providers such as family physicians and pediatricians can increase early detection and reduce prevalence developmental delay in infants.


of Douglas, each about the size of a tangerine and attached to the back of the uterus. They were moderately tender. This finding was confirmed on vaginal examination. The white cells numbered 15,000 per c.mm., of which 77% were polymorphs. A radiograph of the pelvis showed the presence of a cluster of teeth in front of the sacrum and a little to the left of the midline. A diagnosis of twisted or infected dermoid ovarian cyst w a s made. Opera tion. -On June 4 the abdomen = _ was opened through a midline subumbilical incision. The left _ ovary was replaced by a dermoid cyst the size of a large pear. There was a left hydroAbove-the right hydrosalpinx. Below salpinx the size of a -the left hydrosalpmx with the associated ' e wich dermoid cyst, opened to show teeth and hens egg which had hair. undergone t o r s i o n


Objective Learning the dynamic changes of serum new Buniavirus IgM antibody of fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome cases to cover the missing of early diagnosis method for new Buniavirus nucleic acid detecting negative cases,provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and correct treatment.Methods Select the confirmed cases that the first serologic test results for the new Buniavirus nucleic acid testing is positive and negative for IgM antibody test,reserve the consecutive serum samples from patients which is taken every other day until leaving hospital,use Mac-ELISA method to detect the serum specimens of the new Buniavirus IgM seroconversion time and dynamic changes,and calculate the percentage of seroconversion time and the average seroconversion time.Results The new Buniavirus IgM seroconversion time proportions of the serum of the 16 patients who meet the requirements of the study after the onset of disease:5 d:2/16;7 d:6/16;9 d:9/16;11 d:10/16;13 d:12/16;15 d:16/16,and the average seroconversion time is 10.25 ± 3.58 days.Conclusions The serum new Buniavirus IgM antibody of the 16 fever with thrombocytopenia cases can be conversed as early as five days after the onset of disease and the latest with 15 days,then the density of the patient's serum antibody gradually increases after 基金 DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1003-9279.2014.04.00 seroconversion and until 30 days after the disease can still maintain a high level.The convalescent serum IgG antibody titer of the 16 patients is 4 times more than the acute phase.New Buniavirus IgM antibodies detection can be used as an auxiliary method of the early diagnosis of fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome cases.

Key words:
Thrombocytopenia;  Buniavirus;  Immunoglobulin M


The paper is devoted to a new method of time-domain lifetime fluorescence molecular tomography. It is based on the use of early arriving diffuse photons and original measurement data, which are determined for the individual time gates of the diffuse temporal responses for fluorescence and exiting radiation. The paper presents in short the theoretical foundation of the method and describes a numerical experiment on the separate reconstruction of fluorophore absorption coefficient and fluorescence lifetime for 3D reflectance geometry that is suitable for small animal imaging. We show our first reconstruction results for the 3D scattering object region 11×11×8 mm3 in size with two spherical fluorescent inclusions 1 mm in diameter. The ways how to improve these results in the future are discussed.


Educational governance in public systems represents the way in which power is exercised in the management of economic and social resources of a developing institution, considering the capacity of design, formulation and implementation of public policies and the application in the context of Education. The approach was qualitative, enabling symbolic interactionism, generating knowledge about the category of the study; a bibliographic review was carried out, which considers the review of articles and documents into account articles published in the Scopus database , Web of Science and Scielo. The review of 25 articles from the last 8 years was taken into account. The systematic review takes into account the PRISMA statement. The study concluded that: The determining factors of adequate territorial educational governance of Regular Basic Education institutions are: Schooling in territorial educational governance that guarantees the provision and participation in formal public education. Likewise, a decentralization policy must be followed, transferring resources and responsibility for education to the community level; since the cooperation of the representatives committed to decentralized educational management under a methodology of decentralization strategies .


Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized primarily by abnormalities in the development of the head and face. We report a case of 5 year old boy who presented with complaint of hearing impairment and malformed pinna and later diagnosed as case of treacher Collins syndrome.


To compare correlations of intramyocellular lipids (IMCL) measured by short and long echo‐time proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H‐MRS) with indices of body composition and insulin resistance in obese and normal‐weight women.


With the increasing amount of textual data, automatic summarization has become an important task in natural language processing. In this work, we consider the summarization of Wikipedia articles, using graph-based and machine learning approaches. We obtain results comparable to an approximately-optimal summary.


Eight dimensions of an IPM motor were rendered dimensionless. Two other variables were also used. These dimensions were randomly varied, and the losses were analyzed. The sensitivity of the design to these variables is presented.


This paper investigates and compares the performances of six widely utilized frequency measurement techniques under different test scenarios including those described in the IEEE standards C37.118. The conducted tests consider the effects of frequency modulation, frequency ramp, phase jump, harmonic distortion, and noise. The studies evaluate the transient response, steady-state accuracy (through evaluation of the mean squared error), and computational complexity of each frequency measurement technique. The results of the investigations indicate that Szafran's Orthogonal Decomposition approach leads to the lowest computational burden and a more desirable balance between transient response to phase jumps and accuracy in presence of noise and harmonics.


Assessment of durability of concrete motorway bridges in Northern Ireland is part of a programme of collaborative research of the Civil Engineering Department with the Roads Services of the Department of Environment (Northern Ireland). This involves testing bridges on site in order to develop methods which can be used to investigate the condition of approximately 1300 reinforced concrete bridges in the province so that a planned maintenance scheme can be proposed. This paper describes results of comprehensive tests which were carried out on a severely delaminated motorway bridge both prior to and after repair. It has been observed that the strength of concrete is not a reliable index of proneness to deterioration, but permeability results allied to the knowledge of exposure to salt are more likely to provide a useful guide to the durability. The in-situ tests for sorptivity indicated that with the two silane treated bridges, one keeps the moisture out whereas the other fails to do so. High permeability concrete combined with leaking expansion joints have been found to be the main causes of absorption of chloride and the corrosion of steel.


This thesis investigates the effect of transmission opportunity limit on fairness in IEEE802.11e enhanced distributed channel access. IEEE802.11e brings quality of service features into IEEE802.11 wireless local area networks. In stations operating with IEEE802.11e, traffic is divided into categories. Differentiation between these categories is achieved by using four parameters to control the channel access. This thesis investigates one of these parameters, the transmission opportunity limit, which controls the channel access duration. With the reference parameter values given in IEEE802.11e, as the network congestion level increases, low priority traffic suffers quickly to a point where none of it gets transmitted. This makes the network overall fairness poor. To improve fairness while not disturbing high priority traffic, this thesis investigates the use of large transmission opportunity limit values. In the first set of simulations, the low priority traffic transmission opportunity limit values are set to infinite. This means that the low priority queue can send all its packets when it gains access to the channel. The results show that infinite transmission opportunity limit improves fairness when channel is getting congested. Also infinite transmission opportunity limit does not notably weaken high priority traffic performance. Second set of simulations focuses on the network congestion level where the effect of the infinite transmission opportunity limit is the largest. In these simulations the transmission opportunity limit is set to static value ranging from zero to a maximum allowed value. The results from these simulations are similar to the results of the first simulation set.


To determine the reversibility of neurological and cardiac lesions in Ateleia glazioviana and Tetrapterys multiglandulosa poisoning, 3 groups of four sheep each were fed orally with the plants. In Group 1, 2 and 3, when sheep with nervous signs showed considerable increase of symptoms and risk of death, the plant administration was suspended. Group 4 with two sheep was used as control. Sheep from Group 1, fed 10g/kg during 6 days of fresh A. glazioviana collected in autumn were euthanized 8, 11, 16, and 21 days after the start of the experiment; they had shown regression of nervous signs, but had progressive cardiac lesions. Sheep from Group 2, fed during 8 days the same dose of fresh A. glazioviana collected in spring, were euthanized on days 9, 23, 38 and 68; they had shown regression of nervous signs and had no cardiac lesions. This suggests that the plant is less toxic in spring. Sheep from Group 3, fed 10g/kg during 11 days dry and ground T. multiglandulosa mixed with concentrated food, were euthanized on days 33, 33, 92 and 92; they had shown regression of nervous signs, and cardiac lesions were less severe on day 33 than on day 92. These results indicate that nervous lesions are reversible after the end of feeding, but cardiac lesions are progressive after discontinuation of the plant administration; these can be afterwards reversible if the animals do not anymore show clinical signs or die as a consequence of the poisoning. Results of those and previous experiments show that lesions of the nervous system are induced by lower doses than cardiac lesions and occur within a shorter period, what suggests that in spontaneous cases cardiac signs are always preceded by nervous signs, and that nervous signs can occur in the absence of cardiac lesions.


Nations and some of its specialised agencies, independent African human rights movements, particularly the Conferences of African Jurists, the individual African governments themselves and the continent's overall regional, political and diplomatic instrument known as the Organisation of African Unity (O.A.U.). When the African Charter of Human and People's Rights finally becomes effective it will collectively rank all African states, the signatories to it, as the third of a group of states in the world community that is, after the first group of countries of Western Europe parties to the European Convention of Human Rights, and of the second group from both North and South America, members of the Inter-American Convention of Human Rights which have officially and solemnly undertaken the twin tasks of protecting and promoting human rights and thereby completing the more global efforts of the United Nations in this same sphere. In contrast to the European and Inter-Ameri-


The requirements of modern communications systems and their exotic modulation formats place greater demands on the performance of microwave frequency synthesizers.


Surveys were conducted of duckweeds-grown water bodies scattered in industrial,residential,and farming areas in a number of cities or counties to investigate species of the duckweeds and water samples collected for analysis of extent of eutrophication of the water bodies,and further clarify relationships of the distribution of duckweeds with pH and contents of ammonium,nitrate,total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the water.Results show that duckweeds tend to flourish in calm water rather than flowing water,and in water bodies in the farming and residential areas rather than in industrial areas.In summers of Jiangsu Spirodela polyrrhiza,Lemma minor,Wolffia arrhiza and Spirodela oligorrhiza are the most common duckweeds found in water bodies,and no trace of Lemma perpusilla and Lemma trisulca was found during the survey.Spirodela polyrrhiza and Lemma minor were found in all the water bodies surveyed,with water pH varying in the range of 4.5-7.5.The results also show that duckweeds grow well in water bodies,high or low in N and P concentrations,ranging from 0 to 42,0.2 to 2.0,0.2 to 45 and 0.02 to 13 mg·L-1 for ammonium,nitrate,total nitrogen and total phosphorus,respectively.No evidence was found showing that any close relationship existed between duckweeds distribution and concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water.In industrial areas,there are a variety of factories,including chemical plants,clothing factories,pharmaceutical plants,mechinary accessories factories,etc.,discharging a high volume of waste containing heavy metals and organic matters.In water bodies in or near the industrial areas,symbiosis of Spirodela polyrrhiza and Lemma minor and occasionally Wolffia arrhiza,too,is commonly observed.Therefore,in exploiting the effect of duckweeds removing nutrient substances,like N and P from water,priority should be given to native species of duckweeds dominant in the season and the complex symbiotic system of different species of duckweeds so as to maximize the production of duckweeds and the N and P removing rate.


This commentary features a brief description of a frustrating medical experience by a U.S. health-care provider, with responses offered by several experts from various perspectives of the health-care system.

Health-care providers are on the front lines of care and their ability to influence outcomes is importantly shaped by policy. This rant by a substance abuse counselor expresses the point of view that Medicare reimbursement actually contributes to our opiate crisis and wastes vast sums of money. This forum allows for the venting of such a viewpoint, with responses offered by several academic researchers whose work is expressly intended to contribute to the crafting of public policy solutions to crises such as the heroin epidemic. Any such solutions ought to take into account the experiences of those most intimately acquainted with the experience of implementation.


Voltage regulator modules (VRM) are used for low- voltage, high-current dc-dc converters used for high- performance microprocessors and graphic processors. This paper describes the development of a digital PWM controller architecture in applications to multiphase-interleaved VRM A digital current control technique with interleaved PWM generation and synchronous current sampling has been developed to improve the transient response under large load disturbances. The proposed control scheme for the interleaved multiphase buck converter employs feedback signals of output voltage, output current, and per-phase inductor current. By using a synchronous over-sampling technique for the detection per-phase inductor current and double-edge PWM modulation technique, the current response can reach a dead- beat performance for step current command. Current sharing control is used to equalize the current of each phase converter under possible parameters mismatch. A computer simulation study has been carried out to illustrate the feasibility and performance of the proposed digital control technique.


In late 2019, the emergence of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 resulted in a global pandemic, costing over 2 million lives. A hallmark of the disease resulting from SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19, has been it's heterogeneity in presentation. To understand the immunological underpinnings of this variability in symptoms, we performed a deep characterization of the B cell responses generated in patients within the NIH-defined mild/moderate or severe/critical categories. Somewhat surprisingly, patients with severe disease had higher neutralizing antibody titers than their mild/moderate counterparts, but showed strong evidence of extrafollicular B cell activation by flow cytometry – previously described in humans primarily in autoimmune disease. Further analysis of the B cell repertoire through single cell VDJ sequencing revealed low (or fully absent) levels of somatic hypermutation in the antibody secreting cell compartment, phenocopying the low selective pressures previously associated with extrafollicular responses. Together, these findings suggested the possible relaxation of peripheral tolerance in severe patients. This was confirmed through clinical autoreactivity testing, revealing more than 70% of the most severe COVID-19 patients, despite no history of autoimmunity, test positive for anti-nuclear antibodies or rheumatoid factor. Altogether, these findings provide the immunological context for an emerging consensus in the literature whereby severe COVID-19 is characterized by robust extrafollicular B cell activation, resulting not only in neutralizing antibody production, but also autoreactive B cell targeting with the potential for direct involvement in severe disease pathology.


OBJECTIVE:To establish and optimize ISSR-PCR reaction system for Angelica sinensis. METHODS:The ISSRRCR reaction system were optimized by orthogonal design and single-factor design with ISSR-PCR amplification as index using Mg2+concentration,TaqDNA polymerase activity,dNTPs concentration,primer concentration,template DNA concentration as factors. The genetic relationship of 6 varieties or strains of A. sinensis were analyzed by optimized system. RESULTS:The optimum reaction system(20 μl)contained 1.5 mmol/L Mg2+(10×PCR Buffer),0.6 U TaqDNA polymerase,0.375 mmol/L dNTPs,0.3 μmol/L ISSR primer and 42 ng/20 μl DNA template. The average percentage of polymorphie bands(PPB)of 6 different varieties or strains of A. sinensis was 13.04%,Nei's genetic diversity index(He)and Shannon's information index(Ⅰ)were 0.058 0 and 0.082 7.CONCLUSIONS:The established ISSR-PCR reaction system can be used to study molecular genetics of A. sinensis. The genetic differences among 6 varieties or strains of A. sinensis are small.


Objective: To study clinical characteristics in cases of bullous retinal detachment(RD) and their relationship with central serous chorioretinalpathy (CSCR).Methods: The findings of ophthalmoscopy,fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA),indocyanine green angiography(ICGA) and optical coherence tomography(OCT) were reviewed on 7 eyes of 5 patients with RD.Results: ① FFA demonstrated a mean of 9(range,4-20) retinal pigment epithelial detachments(PEDS) and multiple massive leakages from the choroid into the subretinal space.② ICGA showed hyperfluorescences in the posterior pole of the choroids and dilated choroidal veins and choriocapillaris were located adjacent to these sites.Choroidal tissue staining was present in all eyes in late-phase,showing a mean of 15 PEDS(range,4-20).Multiple areas of choroidal staining were also present in unaffected eyes.③ OCT demonstrated a domelike detachment of thickened neurosensory retina and semitransparent subretinal space due to light reflections from fibrinous contents.Conclusion: These angiographic findings for RD showed that choroidal circulation disturbance and hyperpermeability plays a causative role in damage to the retinal pigment epithelium.RD may be a severe form of CSCR.


Serial fungal bioreactor which contained two species of fungi, Trichoderma harzianum and Penicillium spp. were used to reduce the colored dyes wastewater in the textile factories in Al-Kadhmia city/ Baghdad. Different biomass of two fungi species which cultured in the laboratory ranged five and ten grams for each treatment the colored dyes wastewater for both blue and red dyes that used in cotton textile factories. The activity of bio-reduction was increasing during multi-stages of fungal bioreactor due to more decreasing of colored wastewater of textile dyes specially when happening some specific changes in its processes. Another environmental factors were measured such as absorbance, transmission and turbidity before and after treatment. Positively relationship of fungal biomass quantities were recorded extrusive relationship in bio-reaction processes forreducingthe colored textile wastewater treatment by serial fungal bioreactor.


In light of the positions of the discourse marker ni zhidao (you know) relative to the information unit it cues,three models emerge:(1)"…,ni zhidao ma-,X,…";(2)"…,X-ni zhidao ma, …";and (3)"…,ni zhidao,-X,…".After examining the patterns and functions of the three models,the paper concludes that ni zhidao typically displays the interactional characteristics of its meta-pragmatic function as a discourse marker in oral communication.


Introduction This edition of the journal looks at the contribution specialist forensic psychotherapy can make to the rigorous disciplines of forensic psychiatry and the law, as well as helping general psychotherapists who encounter forensic issues. As Bluglass ( 1990 , p. 7) put it 'The role of the forensic psychiatrist in confronting and trying to reconcile the differences between the interests of the law and those of psychiatry is a crucial and important one'. Forensic psychotherapy can help. It is a bridge between traditional forensic psychiatry with a major focus on diagnosis and risk, and traditional psychotherapy with a focus on understanding why things happen. Williams ( 1991 ) described the diffi culties encountered in the successful bridging of both disciplines. According to Harding ( 1992 ), there is an inevitable, and indeed necessary, confl ict of values between the forensic psychiatry and criminal justice systems. Evaluations should ideally be conducted independently, according to criteria that correspond to health-based values (Reed Report, 1992 ). Forensic psychotherapy seeks to understand the unconscious motivations that underpin specifi c offending behaviours. We need to understand not only the detail of the crime, but about the individual as a whole person within his environment (including the criminal justice environment). The criminal action is the central fact. Unfortunately, some psychotherapeutic approaches can seem to be a 'soft' option, justifying and rationalizing behaviour to provide 'false understanding'. Our forensic patients use similar mechanisms to conceal their 'real selves' resulting in encapsulation of the offending behaviour and keeping it hidden or minimized. An effective collusion between society and offenders is at work. The criminal action always appears understandable as an action against society, yet at the same time, it is unconsciously a self-destructive act, with harmful effects for the offender also. This aspect of criminality associated with unconscious guilt


Using two years measurements of aerosol extinction coefficient retrieval from CALIPSO as a joint NASA-CNES satellite mission along with ground-based measurements of particle mass concentration (PM2.5), we assess particulate matter air quality over different urban and periurban areas in France. In order to understanding the influence of the long range transport onto the local aerosol load we have focused on analysing of pollution event in Lille - urban area and Dunkerque - industrial area. We compared ground- based measurements with CALIPSO measurements. The CALIPSO level 2 aerosol records are more useful because the extinction coefficient is available. We use the extinction coefficient profiles which are provided by CALIPSO to depict the vertical structure of the aerosol properties. The combination of ground- based measurements of PM2.5, aerosol optical thickness (AOT's) obtained by Aeronet network data and CALIOP data enhances the possibilities of studying transport pathway of aerosol in the atmosphere and aerosol optical properties (aerosol extinction coefficient, aerosol optical depth, atmosphere transparency). The linear relationship between AOT _CALIPSO and AOT _ Aeronet network shows a slop of 0.4 in north of France. Moreover, we observed the good relationship between PM2.5 and AOT by CALIPSO profiles with a slope of 57.59 and correlation coefficient of 0.75 over France.


The specific speed and specific diameter of radial, mixed and axial flow compressors can be plotted in a Cordier diagram, and the best compressors then lie in a relatively narrow band, known as the Cordier or Balje line. This line exhibits a distinctive s-shape, and it is shown in this paper that this is due to the variation of the centrifugal effect on the pressure rise of the different compressor types. A new equation for the Cordier line in the mixed flow region based on the pressure rise coefficient is developed and calibrated with data from mixed flow pumps and ventilators. Together with other empirical relationships for the expected efficiency as a function of the specific speed this provides some useful new guidelines for the preliminary design of mixed flow compressors. These guidelines are then examined by carrying out a preliminary design of a high-speed mixed-flow micro-compressor that is analyzed using CFD and tested to justify the approach.Copyright © 2010 by ASME


During the past 30 years of development of Space optical instrumentation for such missions as METEOSAT, SPOT, HIPPARCOS and SILEX with ESA and CNES, Matra Marcon Space (MMS) has conducted extensive studies on the behavior of optical materials under irradiation such as quantifying transmission losses in optical glasses and measuring the dimensional stability of Zerodur as a substrate for mirror applications. Thanks to this background experience, MMS, in cooperation with SCK-CEN, is conducting a study (under ESA sponsorship) to define the approach for the gathering of a comprehensive data base to quantify these effects through the use of linear sensitivity coefficients (so-called `Dose Coefficients'). This follows recent investigations which have shown that the space radiation environment can affect not only transmission but also other characteristics of refractive optical materials in both classical and Cerium doped glasses. A number of selected examples from specific MMS studies will first be shown. Then, the actual approach being taken to this problem, on the basis of already obtained results from preliminary experiments performed by ESTEC, will be presented.


This paper presents the design of a multichannel stimulator ASIC for an implantable neural prosthesis to restore 3-D vestibular sensation. The stimulator can provide the three semicircular canals with biphasic current pulses at rates between 1 and 500 pps with current amplitudes up to 1 mA. The ASIC was implemented in 0.6 μm HV CMOS technology and post-layout simulations are presented.


Reducing the first bond heel crack is the most important in improving the tensile strength of bonding wire in automatic wedge bonding. In the report,the technology process of automatic wedge bonding will be introduced,The main reason of first bond heel crack is analyzed in automatic wedge bonding,Bonding wire is abraded because of the structure of the wedge; the stress of the wedge raising after bonding the first bond will give crack to the heel of the first bond,the abrasive crack to the bonding wire may be in the tension of the bonding wire,the strain of the wire feed system will also damage the heel crack of the first bond wire. How to reduce the abrasion and strain which damage the first bond heel crack is discussed.


This paper reports on novel and traditional pixel and semantic operations using a recently standardized document representation called JPM. The JPM representation uses compressed pixel arrays for all visible elements on a page. Separate data containers called boxes provide the layout and additional semantic information. JPM and related image-based document representation standards were designed to obtain the most rate efficient document compression. The authors, however, use this representation directly for operations other than compression typically performed either on pixel arrays or semantic forms. This paper describes the image representation used in the JPM standard and presents techniques to (1) perform traditional raster-based document analysis on the compressed data, (2) transmit semantically meaningful portions of compressed data between devices, (3) create multiple views from one compressed data stream, and (4) edit high resolution document images with only low resolution proxy images.


ASGE Anatomical Images for iPad, etc. "To complement your in office patient education efforts, ASGE has developed four labeled anatomical illustrations of the small bowel, colon and rectum, upper GI tract and pancreas bile ducts pancreatic ducts gallbladder. The illustrations


The article discusses common root nouns of the Lithuanian language with the ending of foreign origin -(i)acija and the suffix of Lithuanian origin -imas. The study, which was based on the analysis of 406 Lithuanian words, revealed that some of the words with -(i)acija form a derivational opposition with verbs; therefore, they should be considered derivatives and that quite often, the -(i)acija derivatives form pairs of derivative synonyms with the -imas(is) verb abstracts. The meanings of nouns, and especially the examples of usage found in the corpora, have shown that in many cases, common root derivatives with -(i)acija and -imas(is) are partial synonyms: they have semantic and valency differences that are neutralized only in certain word combinations; hence, it is impossible to talk about the possibilities of substitution without restrictions. Sometimes the members of pairs of derivative synonyms differ stylistically (for example, the -(i)acija derivatives are terms); often, the frequency of use of common root derivatives also differs. It is believed that in the sources of the lexicography of the current Lithuanian language, some used derivatives or their new meanings should appear (for example, komunikavimas 'communication', mutavimas 'mutation', vulgarizavimas 'vulgarization' and their base verbs).


The anorectal fistulas can be inter sphincteric, Trans sphincteric, extra sphincteric or supra sphincteric. Detailed understanding of anorectal anatomy is needed for identification and management of anorectal fistulas. Park's and St James University Hospital classification are used of which the latter gives better details of perianal fistulas. Unenhanced and enhanced MRI helps in identification of primary and secondary tracks, complications like abscesses and hence guides the surgeons to plan appropriate treatment strategy. During the study period, around 30 patients who were diagnosed to have perianal fistula clinically and referred for MR fistulogram to the Department of Radiology were included in the study. In our study, there was significant correlation between the fistulous tracts identified on MRI and the surgical findings. Fistulotomy is the preferred method of management in our institution. And for patients with abscess, abscess drainage is done. Fistulotomy was done in about 24 out of 30 patients which correlated well with the MRI findings for grades III to V. Grade I and II fistulas showed discrepancies in identification. Abscess drainage was also done in 5 patients (8.35%) which were also in accordance with MRI findings.


Porous breakwaters are introduced to reduce the impact of wave load on various marine structures and dissipate unwanted wave energy by creating a tranquility zone. This type of marine structure can have practical implications for the development of artificial breeding or nursing grounds for fish and other sea animals. We theoretically investigated the water wave scattering by a surface-piercing porous breakwater in the presence of a thin vertical porous barrier in the framework of linear potential flow theory. Flow through the vertical porous barrier is considered using the model of Yu ["Diffraction of water waves by porous breakwaters," J. Waterw., Port, Coastal, Ocean Eng. 121, 275–282 (1995)] under the assumption of fine pores. We use the eigenfunction expansion method to obtain solutions of the associated boundary value problems analytically. We develop semi-analytical solutions of the proposed mathematical problem using matching boundary conditions along boundaries of individual successive regions of the system. For wave scattering by a barrier-breakwater system with focus on wave energy dissipation, the effect of various wave and structural parameters on the reflection and transmission coefficients, dissipation coefficient, and wave force on the system are studied. The practical interest in this problem stems from the result that for the barrier-breakwater system, there exists a critical value of wave inclination angle below which wave reflection is minimum and wave energy dissipation is maximum. The results have implications for the proposed problem to harness energy from ocean waves and other problems related to the design and enhancement of the hydrodynamic performance of the breakwater in the marine environment.


This paper summarizes the common process for the production of Rhizopus koji,Combined with the actual production,From the antenatal preparation,mixing,strain,temperature control,supervision and management,bacteria control six aspects,Discusses the Rhizopus Koji process control measures for making summer meal,compared the students,clinker production Rhizopus Koji process control difference,in order to improve the production process of Rhizopus Koji,ensure the Rhizopus Koji annual continuous production of reference.


Porous α-Fe2O3 nanorods are successfully synthesized without any templates by a simple wet chemical synthesis method using ferrous sulphate (FeSO4·7H2O) and sodium acetate (CH3COONa) as starting materials. In this method, initially obtained α-FeOOH is calcinated at 300 °C for 2 h to form 1-dimensional porous α-Fe2O3 nanorods. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and a gas sorption analyzer are employed to characterize α-Fe2O3 porous nanorods. Based on the characterization results, a formation mechanism for α-Fe2O3 nanorods is proposed. Electrochemical performance of porous α-Fe2O3 nanorods is studied using cyclic (CV) voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in aqueous H3PO4, (NH4)2SO4 and Na2SO4 electrolytes. Interestingly, the porous α-Fe2O3 nanorod-based electrodes exhibit excellent electrochemical performance, which can be attributed to the high surface area induced by the 1-dimensional porous nanorod structures. The rod shape porous structure facilitates the faster faradic reaction toward electrolytes and delivers highest specific capacitance (308 F g−1) and an excellent long cycle life (upto 1000 cycles) in H3PO4 electrolyte, demonstrating that the porous α-Fe2O3 nanorods can serve as an excellent electrode material for supercapacitors.