In Reply Using commercial insurance claims data, we demonstrated1 that the methods used to repair rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRD) among a cohort of patients in the United States varied depending on the day of the week that patients presented for diagnosis or treatment. This variation was most apparent in the use of pneumatic retinopexy (PR), which was more likely to be used for repair during the weekend. We found that patients who received PR on a Sunday were more likely to receive a second operation within 30 days. The variation noted in our study is likely the confluence of various factors, including reduced operating room availability on the weekends. Some physicians may be using PR on the weekends as a temporizing procedure before definitive management is performed later in the week.1 The letter from Muni and colleagues offers valuable context for the results of our study.1 They note that PRs performed on the weekend may be associated with higher rates of reoperation for several reasons, including physician inexperience and staged approaches to repair. Muni and colleagues propose additional analyses that may help parse out how much of the variation in the use of PR is attributable to primary PR repair vs the use of PR in a staged procedure, and they also argue that a longer follow-up time would be better for assessing reoperation rates following pars plana vitrectomy for repair of RRD. These are thoughtful recommendations that merit additional analytic work, but in this reply, we will limit ourselves to stating our agreement with Muni et al that the variation in management of RRD noted in this and prior studies2 likely reflects the availability of multiple reasonable treatment options. We also strongly agree with Muni et al that the presence of variation demonstrated in these studies supports the value of additional randomized clinical trials on RRD repair. The Pneumatic Retinopexy Versus Vitrectomy for the Management of Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Outcomes Randomized Trial (PIVOT) trial demonstrated the superiority of PR in managing RRD in certain patients.3 We would like to make clear that our study1 and particularly the reoperation rate following PR noted in it does not conflict with the results of the PIVOT trial and is not evidence against the use of PR in the setting of RRD. We have no data on whether patients in our study1 would have met the criteria for PR eligibility in the PIVOT trial, for example, nor do we have data on the visual acuity of patients in our database after their procedures. We thank Muni et al for their thoughtful reply, and we hope that our results1 are understood to be a complement to, rather than a replacement for, trial data regarding the efficacy of PR and other methods of RRD repair. Our article highlights variation in physician practice according to the day of the week. Randomized clinical trials investigating the efficacy of different methods of repair for RRD are required to understand whether the variation described in our study1 has consequences for patients' visual acuity.


The electron yield (EY), defined as the number of electrons emitted over electrons incident from a sample undergoing energetic electron bombardment, provides a fundamental way to study the interaction of incident electrons with constituent electrons in a material. Electron emission from even simple layered materials with thicknesses on the order of electron penetration depths is a complex problem involving electron transport, electron-electron interactions, and energy transfer processes. To understand how the EY is affected by thin layer structures, SEY, BSEY, and electron emission spectra were measured for two multilayer sample sets. The first sample set had highly ordered pyrolytic graphite substrates with gold sputtered coatings ranging from 1 nm to 100 nm thick. The second sample set had high purity gold substrates with graphitic amorphous carbon foils ranging from 0.5 nm to 500 nm adhered to the surface. The measured yield curves were complex functions of incident energy and coating thickness. The models proposed here necessitate the consideration of the origins of emitted electrons, the nature of elastic and inelastic collisions, and the energy dependent range of electrons. *Supported through a Utah NASA Space Grant Consortium fellowship. Gregory Wilson, Matthew Robertson, Jordan Lee, and JR Dennison. "Electron Yield Measurements of Multilayer Conductive Materials," American Physical Society Four Corners Meeting, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, October 12-13, 2018.


Associations between type and age of entry into Norwegian universally-accessible childcare and children's behavior problems at age 3 years were examined in this study. Data from 73,068 children in the large population-based, prospective Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) were used, and included information about childcare arrangements, behavior problems, and a variety of covariates. The results provided little support for childcare being related to children's behavior problems at age 3 years when controlling for covariates. In fact, previous research has indicated that children may benefit from Norway's childcare in other areas, such as language development. Results are discussed in relation to differences in countries' early childhood policies as a possible factor explaining discrepancies across studies.


The effects of different carbon nitrogen ratios on submerged culture of Ganderma capense were studied, using the method of submerged culture fermentation. The results showed that the dry weight of mycelium pllets ascended with the increase of carbon content, when the content of nitrogen fixed The trend of the pH changes was "ascending→descending→stable". When the content of carbon is fixed, the trend of the pH change presented a "double peak" shape The effects of different carbon nitrogen ratios on the submerged culture of Ganderma Capense were obvious The quantity of mycelium and the pH of the ferment solution were studied, and the culture properties of the ferment solution and mycelium pellets were observed. The results showed that the proper ratio of carbon nitrogen was between 20∶1~40∶1 And the most suitable ratio was 30∶1 In this treatment, the final pH was 3 4, the number of mycelium pellets/10mL was 113, and the dry weight of mycelium/dL was 683 4 mg The ferment solution was clear The mycelium pellets were almost in the same diameter.


Needs is a psychological construct considered to be one of the facets of personality since need researches has shown its strong potency in predicting behaviors. The present study tested the factor structures of a need measure among Filipino university students purposely for academic and psychological interventions. Employing qualitative analysis to determine need items in the initial study, findings show that the developed factor structures composed of clustered need items is robust to test students' needs as it attains an excellent overall internal consistency (α=.94). As homogeneity of all measured factors are highly correlated (range: .751-.902), other need constructs (BPNS and EPPS Scales) also reveals strong concurrent validity to the need measure's factor structures. Series of factor analyses such as the use of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses exhibits similar structural findings which yielded to a 1–factor-6-higher-order need measure. Moreover, the scale's fit indices indicated a very good fit model: χ 2- df (540.876; 307), GFI (0.800) AGFI (0.889) TLI (0.874) RMSEA (0.072). Research findings were discussed in terms of the scale's efficacy to diagnose specific academic issues and broadly in indentifying learning gaps of college students in tertiary schools.


GirishKarnad has already set out his dramatic excellences while working on the myths and symbols in his Hayavadana, Tughlaq and Naga-Mandala. Myth and folk-tales becomes symbolic of unveiling the social and moral norms and the psychological obessions with men and women of the society. He surpasses his own dramatic genius in the structural pattern of The Fire and The Rain for showing vehemently opposing elements; the rain of human love and sacrifices. The Fire and The Rain abounds in its hard-woven texture the riches of psychology, the aversion and the jealousy of man against man, father against son, wife against husband, high caste against low caste people, man against God, freedom against bondage, hate against love, the fire against the rain, passion against the truth, and above all vidya against avidya.


Horizontal gene transfer has been a major force for genome plasticity over evolutionary history, and is largely responsible for fitness‐enhancing traits, including antibiotic resistance and virulence factors. In particular, for adaptation of prokaryotes to extreme environments, lateral gene transfer seems to have played a crucial role. Recently, by performing a genome‐wide mutagenesis approach with Thermus thermophilus HB27, we identified the first genes in a thermophilic bacterium for the uptake of free DNA, a process called natural transformation. Here, we present the first data on the biochemistry and bioenergetics of the DNA transport process in this thermophile. We report that linear and circular plasmid DNA are equally well taken up with a high maximal velocity of 1.5 µg DNA·(mg protein)−1·min−1, demonstrating an extremely efficient binding and uptake rate of 40 kb·s−1·cell−1. Uncouplers and ATPase inhibitors immediately inhibited DNA uptake, providing clear evidence that DNA translocation in HB27 is an energy‐dependent process. DNA uptake studies with genomic DNA of Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya revealed that Thermus thermophilus HB27 takes up DNA from members of all three domains of life. We propose that the extraordinary broad substrate specificity of the highly efficient Thermus thermophilus HB27 DNA uptake system may contribute significantly to thermoadaptation of Thermus thermophilus HB27 and to interdomain DNA transfer in hot environments.


Several crucial steps in the processing of dried grass carp fish slice, including fish skin removal by hot water immersion, fishy odor elimination, curing, drying and frying were optimized. The results showed that the optimum processing conditions were as follows: immersing whole grass carp fish in hot water (80-85 ℃) for 10-15 s for removing fish skin, and in 8% salt solvent (g/100 ml) at the ratio of material/solvent of 1:4 and 30 ℃for 15 min for fishy odor elimination; the best curing formula consisting of ( per 1 kg of fish): 50 g of salt, 30 g of sugar, 30 g of soy sauce, and 20 g of five-spice powder, drying at 50 ℃ for 4 h, and finally frying at 170 ℃ for 15 s. Under these conditions, a product of good luster, delicious taste, pleasing flavor and good chewing qualities was obtained.


This paper discusses about kinematic and geometric error, which are the basic inaccuracy of the machine tool. For a three axes machine, there are 21 error components (3 linear position errors, 6 straightness errors, 9 angular errors and 3 squareness errors). Each individual error is measured directly by laser interferometer. The derivation of the kinematic and geometric error is based on the assumption of rigid body motions. It utilizes homogenous transformation matrices to create a kinematic and geometric mathematical error model which is useful for identifying all error within the working volume. The developed mathematical error model is used to calculate and predict the error vector to compensate error in each machine movement. The error vector at an intermediate position between the measured point is estimated by back-propagation neural network.


To determine the ERP of healthy adolescence in different model stitnuli. Methods: ERPs of target stimulation with tone, picture and characters of Chinese words(target stimulus is"氵" characters of Chinese words ) were studied in 60 healthy subjects. Results: The P3 latencies(P3Ls) of males and females in tone ERPs were not different(P>0. 05). In picture ERPs the P3Ls offemales were shorter than those of males (P<0. 05)? In characters of Chinese words ERPs the P3Ls(Fz,Cz,Pz) of females were shortered than those of males (P<0.05). In these three model stimuli, RTwere not different(P>0. 05)in malas and females. The N2Ls and RTs of characters of Chinese wordsERPs were longer than those of picture ERPs. The P3Ls (C3, C4, Cz, Pz) of characters of Chinesewords ERPs were longer than those of picture ERPs in females(P<0.05), but the P3Ls of charactersof Chinese words ERPs and picture ERPs were not different in males(p>0. 05). Conclusion: The difference of P3L between males and females varies with different stimuli. The congnitive processes ofcharactes of Chinese word are longer than those of Picture stimulus.


Tamarindus indica L. is an important multipurpose tree species grown in tropical and subtropical region of the world. It is grown homestead plantation in unattended backyards, community lands, and wastelands (Gunasena and Hughes, 2000). Tamarind tree is well suited for avenue plantings in roadsides and also called as avenue tree for revenue generation. It is also integrated into various agroforestry systems to support the livelihood International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 7 Number 10 (2018) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com


Video-based scene graph generation (VidSGG) is an approach that aims to represent video content in a dynamic graph by identifying visual entities and their relationships. Due to the inherently biased distribution and missing annotations in the training data, current VidSGG methods have been found to perform poorly on less-represented predicates. In this paper, we propose an explicit solution to address this under-explored issue by supplementing missing predicates that should be included in the ground-truth annotations. Dubbed Trico, our method seeks to supplement the missing predicates that are supposed to appear in the ground-truth annotations, by exploring three complementary spatio-temporal correlations. Guided by these correlations, the missing labels can be effectively supplemented thus achieving an unbiased predicate predictions. We validate the effectiveness of Trico on the most widely used VidSGG datasets, i.e., VidVRD and VidOR. Extensive experiments demonstrate the state-of-the-art performance achieved by Trico, particularly on those tail predicates. The code is available in the supplementary material.


1. Introduction. A typical result of this paper is the following. Let Lt, i e I be distributive lattices satisfying the countable chain condition. Then the free product L of these lattices also satisfies the countable chain condition. To be able to state the general result we need some notations. Let trt be an infinite cardinal. A poset (partially ordered set) P is said to satisfy the m-chain condition if every chain in P has cardinality < m. (Thus the countable chain condition is the Si-chain condition.) Given a category of lattices that admits free products, a cardinal n>l, and an infinite cardinal m we define condition


The unsteady problem of starting flow in a rectangular duct is investigated. The gas is initially at rest and then it is starting to flow due to a suddenly imposed uniform pressure gradient. The time dependent flow has been investigated in the whole range of the Knudsen number by numerically solving in a fully deterministic manner the linearized unsteady BGK equation subject to appropriate boundary and initial conditions. The discretization in the molecular velocity space is performed by using the discrete velocity method. Results for the macroscopic velocities and the flow rates are obtained in the whole range of the rarefaction parameter. The solution provides a detailed description of the evolution of the flow field with regard to time from the starting point, where the gas is at rest up to a certain time where 99% of the steady-state conditions are recovered. In addition, the present work provides an estimate of how fast a rarefied flow, depending upon its rarefaction, will respond to a sudden change. A time Knudsen minimum in terms of the rarefaction parameter is identified in the recovery of the stationary solution.


This qualitative study aims to study how sexuality is constructed in web articles on the movie Fifty Shades of Grey. The study is based on a social constructivist perspective where language is seen ...


To the Editor:E. M. Geigl (2001xInadequate use of molecular hybridization to analyze DNA in Neanderthal fossils. Geigl, EM. Am J Hum Genet. 2001; 68: 287–290Abstract | Full Text | Full Text PDF | PubMed | Scopus (6)See all References2001) challenges the results published by Scholz et al. (2000xGenomic differentiation of Neanderthals and anatomically modern man allows a fossil-DNA-based classification of morphologically indistinguishable hominid bones. Scholz, M, Bachmann, L, Nicholson, GJ, Bachmann, J, Giddings, I, Ruschoff-Thale, B, Czarnetzki, A, and Pusch, CM. Am J Hum Genet. 2000; 66: 1927–1932Abstract | Full Text | Full Text PDF | PubMed | Scopus (24)See all References2000) on the genomic differentiation of Neanderthals and modern humans, deduced from Southern hybridization. She is convinced that Scholz et al. presented artifacts resulting from coextracted DNA of soil organisms. However, I do not feel that Geigl has provided any evidence for her "contamination hypothesis." Because of space limitations, I will mention only the most important aspects supporting my point of view, but the list is far from complete.Geigl claims that the indirect evidence for DNA survival (e.g., amino acid racemization data) given by Scholz et al. (2000xGenomic differentiation of Neanderthals and anatomically modern man allows a fossil-DNA-based classification of morphologically indistinguishable hominid bones. Scholz, M, Bachmann, L, Nicholson, GJ, Bachmann, J, Giddings, I, Ruschoff-Thale, B, Czarnetzki, A, and Pusch, CM. Am J Hum Genet. 2000; 66: 1927–1932Abstract | Full Text | Full Text PDF | PubMed | Scopus (24)See all References2000) is not sufficient to prove authenticity of aDNA samples. It is certainly a very difficult task to exclude contamination of samples. For this reason, researchers usually apply a variety of methods to assess the preservation of DNA by biochemical means. However, none of these methods is able to prove conclusively the authenticity of DNA; these methods can merely indicate whether or not it is likely that a certain sample is contaminated with contemporary DNA. Surprisingly, Geigl focuses exclusively on the biochemical data and does not even mention the most convincing evidence that supports the authenticity of the ancient DNA extracts used by Scholz et al.—namely, the experiments themselves. The reindeer and mammoth controls do not yield any hybridization signal. Why should we assume that the controls are not contaminated with soil DNA when all hominid samples are? Why would contemporary human and chimpanzee DNA exclusively cross-hybridize with soil DNA coextracted from hominid fossils but not do so with soil DNA coextracted from other fossils? Contemporary human DNA extracted from blood gives basically the same hybridization pattern that the DNA extracted from a human fossil gives. Furthermore, contemporary chimpanzee DNA hybridizes exclusively to hominid ancient DNA extracts (and not to reindeer and mammoth) but yields signals that are clearly different from those obtained with human DNA. Thus, the results of the experiments make phylogenetic sense. In particular, the results of the hybridization of chimpanzee DNA to the ancient DNA extracts are crucial for the conclusions drawn by Scholz et al. It therefore remains to be resolved why Geigl claims that "chimpanzee DNA, with 99% homology to modern human DNA, fails to hybridize." Furthermore, the electrophoretic separation of the ancient DNA extracts prior to blotting will separate DNA of high molecular weight (expected to be contaminating contemporary DNA) from DNA of low molecular weight (expected to be authentic ancient DNA). Scholz et al. (2000xGenomic differentiation of Neanderthals and anatomically modern man allows a fossil-DNA-based classification of morphologically indistinguishable hominid bones. Scholz, M, Bachmann, L, Nicholson, GJ, Bachmann, J, Giddings, I, Ruschoff-Thale, B, Czarnetzki, A, and Pusch, CM. Am J Hum Genet. 2000; 66: 1927–1932Abstract | Full Text | Full Text PDF | PubMed | Scopus (24)See all References2000) did not observe any hybridization signal with high–molecular-weight DNA.Rather than discussing the evidence just mentioned, Geigl attempts to prove that the data presented by Scholz et al. (2000xGenomic differentiation of Neanderthals and anatomically modern man allows a fossil-DNA-based classification of morphologically indistinguishable hominid bones. Scholz, M, Bachmann, L, Nicholson, GJ, Bachmann, J, Giddings, I, Ruschoff-Thale, B, Czarnetzki, A, and Pusch, CM. Am J Hum Genet. 2000; 66: 1927–1932Abstract | Full Text | Full Text PDF | PubMed | Scopus (24)See all References2000) result from coextracted contemporary soil DNA by mere theoretical considerations and artificial experimental set-ups. However, her calculation that under the hybridization conditions used by Scholz et al. only sequences diverging by 30%–40% would be distinguishable is meaningless. Such calculations refer to contemporary DNA and do not apply to ancient DNA, which is of low molecular weight and is highly degraded. It also seems unlikely to me that coextracted inhibitors prevent an enzymatic labeling of ancient DNA but will cause a preferential labeling of contaminating DNA. If such inhibitors are coextracted, they will certainly inhibit the labeling of all DNAs. In addition, it is not justified to conclude from hybridization signals that look similar to those of Scholz et al. (2000xGenomic differentiation of Neanderthals and anatomically modern man allows a fossil-DNA-based classification of morphologically indistinguishable hominid bones. Scholz, M, Bachmann, L, Nicholson, GJ, Bachmann, J, Giddings, I, Ruschoff-Thale, B, Czarnetzki, A, and Pusch, CM. Am J Hum Genet. 2000; 66: 1927–1932Abstract | Full Text | Full Text PDF | PubMed | Scopus (24)See all References2000) but were obtained with mixtures of fungal, bacterial, plant, and human DNA that the procedure of Scholz et al. "allows for the identification of the presence of common microorganismal DNA in the sample far better than it allows for the distinguishing of closely related species." One can design an almost unlimited number of analogous experiments, but none of them will be a proof of Geigl's "contamination hypothesis."To conclude, I believe that it is certainly worthwhile to exploit the power of Southern hybridizations in ancient DNA research. However, a discussion on the pros and cons should be based on appropriate scientific evidence rather than on unsupported assumptions.


Neonatal seizures remain a complex challenge for those of us involved in these babies' care. While relatively common, our approaches to these patients vary between clinicians, subspecialties and centres. Nearly every facet of detection, investigation, treatment and followup of these patients is subject to some variation in practice. Sewell et al, on behalf of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, provide more evidence on the enormous variation in practice that exists for these infants, with an observational study on antiseizure medication (ASM) use after discharge for infants with hypoxicischaemic encephalopathy (HIE). The data were collected on infants who had been enrolled into various cooling trials over the preceding 15 years. Despite recommendations about cessation of ASM for neonates with a normal neurological examination and normal electroencephalogram (EEG), continuation of ASM is still commonplace. Rates of ASM continuation at hospital discharge between centres ranged from 13% to 100%. For those infants who were discharged on ASM a concerning higher rate of death and disability at 18–22 months was evident (adjOR 2.14), reminding us that we cannot be complacent about the continuation of commonly employed ASMs. Infants who survive HIE and seizures are at risk of complex illnesses long after their discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit. This study extends the previous work of Glass et al in which no differences in neurodevelopment at 2 years, or postneonatal epilepsy, were reported between those infants who had ASM discontinued at time of hospital discharge and those for whom ASM was maintained. The conclusion was that discontinuation of ASM at hospital discharge was safe. Of course, the results of this study could not have influenced the results of Sewell et al, as their data were retrieved from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) conducted over the previous decade. While no data were available on which ASM was employed, it would be reasonable to conclude that this was phenobarbital for the majority, as was the case in the previous study. Importantly, and aligned with these findings, the recent International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) guidelines (in press) recommend that ASMs should be discontinued before discharge, regardless of MRI or EEG findings (based on expert agreement). Our collective practice in this clinical scenario could be refined even further by a move towards the cessation of ASMs as soon as possible after resolution of acute provoked seizures. We should now embrace the ILAE recommendation for cessation of ASMs before discharge and work together to ensure consistency of posthospitalisation care for these infants. While these new data may provide further clarity around when we should cease ASM for infants with HIE, the question remains, when should we begin therapy? Neonatal seizures are difficult to diagnose, with most being subclinical, a consequence of the relative immaturity of the newborn brain. Seizure detection has been greatly enhanced by the widespread uptake of bedside amplitudeintegrated EEG (aEEG) monitors providing us with improved capacity to detect electrographic seizures. In some centres, the gold standard of conventional video EEG is employed early and results uploaded to the cloud for interpretation by experts offsite. A few studies have demonstrated a reasonable correlation in seizure detection between aEEG and continuous EEG (cEEG), with upwards of 70–80% of electrographic seizures being detected with aEEG when compared with the gold standard (conventional video EEG). Is it still reasonable to accept that we will miss 20–30% of electrographic seizures with aEEG? Should we all be advocating for better access to cEEG and its timely interpretation as a matter of urgency? Certainly, within the research setting, it is now clear that cEEG should be the minimum standard. In an attempt to justify the expanding clinical use of aEEG, this tool has been used preferentially in some previous studies. 4 Either way, enhanced monitoring of the newborn brain with EEG has been a significant improvement in the field of neonatal medicine, although improved seizure detection has raised questions about when we should intervene, and how best to do so. Driving our collective belief that neonatal seizures should be treated is the increasing evidence base for the premise that seizures are independently associated with both brain injury and impaired neurodevelopment. There is now good evidence from both preclinical and clinical observational studies that seizures are detrimental to the developing brain. 6 This is supported by observational evidence from clinical trials. There have now been at least three RCTs in which newborns have been randomised to have electrographic seizures treated—two using aEEG 4 and the third using cEEG—compared with the treatment of clinical seizures alone. In the first two studies that were published, 7 pooling of data from all subjects showed convincingly that increasing seizure burden was significantly correlated with worsening MR injury score and impaired neurodevelopmental outcome, and in both of these studies, those in the electrographically treated group had a reduced seizure burden overall. Alharbi et al reported on a cohort of 98 infants born >36 weeks' gestational age and cooled for HIE, and showed a strong correlation between seizure burden measured on cEEG and decrement in both cognitive and language scores at 2 years, after adjustment for both MR injury score and ASM exposure. In the largest RCT comparing treatment of electrographic versus clinical seizures detected on aEEG, there was no difference in seizure burden between the two groups; however, with median time to enrolment of 26 hours, the peak seizure burden was missed for the majority of infants recruited with a diagnosis of HIE (60%). Interestingly, in none of these studies 4 7 did the researchers find any significant difference in outcomes between the two randomised groups. These trials are notoriously difficult to recruit to, and all were underpowered, but the issue of whether to treat all electrographic seizures remains unanswered from the evidence base of randomised clinical trials. Nevertheless, on balance the evidence that seizures are harmful persists, and with it comes an irresistible urge for the clinician to treat. What we do largely agree on is how we should treat. In a number of published surveys of clinical practice, both Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia Newborn Medicine, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia CPA Research Foundation, Cerebral Palsy Alliance, Sydney, NSW, Australia


Background Plaque erosion causes 30% of STEMI cases, but the underlying cause is unknown. Inflammatory infiltrates are less abundant in erosion compared to rupture in autopsy studies. Objectives We hypothesised that erosion and rupture are associated with significant differences in intracoronary cytokines in vivo. Methods 40 STEMI patients with <6 hours of chest pain were classified as ruptured fibrous cap (RFC) or intact fibrous cap (IFC) using optical coherence tomography. Plasma samples from the infarct-related artery and a peripheral artery were analysed for expression of 102 cytokines using arrays: results were confirmed with ELISA. Thrombectomy samples were analysed for differential mRNA expression using RT-PCR. Results 23 lesions were classified as RFC (58%), 15 as IFC (38%) and 2 were undefined (4%). 12% (12/102) of cytokines were differentially expressed in both coronary and peripheral plasma. CXCL11 was preferentially expressed in RFC (SAM adjusted p<0.001; ELISA IFC 10.2 vs RFC 10.8 log2 pg/ml; p=0.042). IFC was associated with preferential expression of Epidermal Growth Factor (SAM adjusted p<0.001; ELISA IFC 7.42 vs RFC 6.63 log2 pg/ml, p=0.036) and thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) (SAM adjusted p=0.03; ELISA IFC 10.4 vs RFC 8.65 log2 ng/ml, p=0.0041). Thrombectomy mRNA showed elevated CXCL11 in RFC (p=0.0007) EGF expression in IFC (p=0.0264) and, but no differences in expression of TSP-1. Conclusions These results demonstrate differential intracoronary cytokine expression in RFC and IFC. Elevated TSP-1 and EGF may play an aetiological role in erosion.


Race walking is a proof of athletics which, in Brazil, there are few participants compared to other events or sports. The literature is scarce, and this study may assist in monitoring posture on the part of athletes and technical experts. The objective of this study was to determine postural changes in race walking athletes of high performance teams of smaller categories, young or adult. The sample consisted of 10 male athletes, aged between 15 and 40 years with an average time of practice in the proof of 7.25 years (SD ± 7.13). A questionnaire was used as measuring instruments to obtain information related to the practice of athletic gear and static postural assessment with the help of an observational simetrografo as Kendall protocol. Photographs were taken of each individual in the anterior view, lateral and posterior. It was found that the entire sample had some kind of postural change, being the most common were: shoulder protraction (100%), thoracic kyphosis and antepulsion pelvis (90%), anterior pelvis (80%) and lumbar lordosis (70%). A longitudinal study is


Panasonic has launched a novel substrate film leveraging patented thermoset polymer technology. The novel BEYOLEX substrate is pliable, yet durable and stretchable


Electrical injuries comprise 4% of cases but have higher morbidity and mortality. This study aims to share our experiences with pediatric electrical injuries and propose strategies to prevent them. The files of pediatric electrical injuries between 2010-2020 were reviewed retrospectively. The following were investigated: age, gender, cause, length of stay in the pediatric burn center, total burned surface area, voltage-type, and surgical procedures performed. The patients from low and high-voltage groups compared. Eighty-five patients were treated in the last ten years. Seventy were males, the mean age was 9.9 years, the average length of stay in pediatric burn center was 18.2 days, and the average total burned surface area was 11.7%. Forty-three patients were injured with high-voltage and 42 with low-voltage electricity. Fasciotomy was performed in 25 patients, grafting in 40 patients, and amputation in 12 patients. The most often amputated limb was the right arm/forearm. Psychiatric disorders developed in 24 patients. One patient died. In conclusion, the incidence of high-voltage electrical injuries increases with age. They are more prevalent in males, more often accompanied by additional trauma, and have higher total burned surface area, surgical procedures are performed more often, and hospitalization times are longer. For prevention, precautions should be taken by governments and families, and education is critical.


Indian summer monsoon rainfall exhibits inter-seasonal variations in the time scales of 2-7 years which are linked to quasi-biennial oscillations and El nino-Southern Oscillation phenomenon and also intra-seasonal variations in the time-scale of 30-60 days which are linked to activity of MJO which emerged as a dominant mode of intra-seasonal oscillations of Indian summer monsoon rainfall in addition to the other modes of low frequency oscillations. In this scenario, the inter and intra seasonal variability of 29 meteorological sub-divisional rainfalls has been investigated by correlating the MJO indices at 10 different longitudes covering Indian, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans with cumulative sub-divisional summer monsoon rainfall (1979 – 2000). The results were discussed.


INTRODUCTION A rapid, low-cost method of obtaining samples for the evaluation of phosphate deposits in southeastern Idaho is provided by the use of a truck-mounted rotary drill rig utilizing compressed air as the circulating media. The seismograph-type drilling rig commonly equipped for mud or air drilling is compact, fast, portable and is suited for operation in the rugged terrain in which the phosphate beds occur in southeastern Idaho. Air-derived cuttings represent a complete and relatively uncontaminated sample of the drilled interval within certain limitations discussed below.


The aim of this study was the development of printa ble, UV curable colloidal pastes for 3D robotic deposition of complex ceramic fibre n tworks. Additionally, shaping techniques of printed structures have been demonstr ated. Printable and functional ceramic pastes based on hy drox apatite have been successfully developed from UV curable compositions . Complex printed ceramic fibre networks and multilayers as well as enhancement of the fibre surface quality have been realised. It has been found that the control of par ticle-monomer/oligomer-surfactant interactions is essential to achieve printable past es with adequate rheological properties. Using linear and cross-linking UV curable oligomers as dispersion media, very flexible structures result after UV curing. All printed, cur ed and additionally shaped structures have been transformed to macroscopic ceramics via therma l debinding and sintering without cracks or delamination between the layers. This has been achieved by using argon atmosphere during curing to prevent oxygen inhibiti on. The 3D robotic deposition in combination with UV curing is a novel and promising technique to produce complex functional ceramic structures. In this work, the be nefits from the combination of 3D robotic deposition and UV solidification have been demonstrated in a new way by using cured and flexible 2 layer structures for folding p rocesses, which lead to 3D structures that are very difficult or impossible to achieve with th e employment of just direct 3D robotic deposition. On the basis of this research, versatile theory abo ut preparing ceramic pastes for 3D robotic deposition of complex structures for variou s applications can be deduced.


In this work, we present the DC and RF performance of LG 0.8 μm Al0.31Ga0.69N/Al0.1Ga0.9N/β‐Ga2O3 based high‐electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) on Silicon Carbide (SiC) substrate. The proposed heterostructure is investigated using numerical simulation and the simulation models are validated against experimental results. The proposed HEMT improves the drain current density due to double quantum well structure, elevated carrier mobility, and enhanced carrier confinement. The two‐dimensional electron gas (2DEG) of 6 × 1012 cm−2 is obtained from the upper channel (Al0.31Ga0.69N/Al0.1Ga0.9N) and 2.8 × 1012 cm−2 of 2DEG is obtained from the lower channel (Al0.1Ga0.9N/β‐Ga2O3). The rectangular gate HEMT with LG = 0.8 μm and LGD = 1 μm on SiC substrate showed a peak on‐state drain current density (IDS) of 1.67 A/mm, 259 mS/mm of transconductance (gm), 377 V of off‐state breakdown voltage (VBR), and FT/FMAX of 40/100 GHz. The HEMT with 0.5 μm length gate field plate device showed an excellent VBR of 536 V and FT/FMAX of 21/132 GHz. The high performance of the proposed Al0.31Ga0.69N/Al0.1Ga0.9N/β‐Ga2O3 HEMTs indicates its potential for future RF and power electronics applications.


The aim of this paper is to reflect on the definition of a cross-media learning environment by analyzing two training approaches to the professional development of teachers. The first approach centers around curricular internships as training for future teachers, the second focuses on professional development for teachers in service. The aim of our analysis was to identify the factors that contribute to overcoming the 'real' vs. 'online' and 'theory' vs. "practice" gap, opting for an integrated cross-media learning environment.


OBJECTIVE To develop an HPLC method with a chiral mobile phase additive for the enantiomeric separation of amlodipine maleate.METHODS Main influences of the type and concentration of the chiral mobile phase additive,the aqueous phase pH value,the ratio of organic modifiers,and column temperature on the chiral resolution of amlodipine maleate were investigated.RESULTS The resolution 2.08 was achieved when a C18 column was used at 30 ℃ with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water(containing 20 mmol·L-1 SBE-β-CD,10 mmol·L-1 phosphate buffer,pH 5.0)(25:75) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1.CONCLUSION Amlodipine maleate enantiomers can be separated baseline on C18 column.


This review article identifies and discusses some of main issues and potential problems — paradoxes and pathologies — around the communication of recorded information, and points to some possible solutions. The article considers the changing contexts of information communication, with some caveats about the identification of `pathologies of information', and analyses the changes over time in the way in which issues of the quantity and quality of information available have been regarded. Two main classes of problems and issues are discussed. The first comprises issues relating to the quantity and diversity of information available: information overload, information anxiety, etc. The second comprises issues relating to the changing information environment with the advent of Web 2.0: loss of identity and authority, emphasis on micro-chunking and shallow novelty, and the impermanence of information. A final section proposes some means of solution of problems and of improvements to the situation.


The statistical structure of the natural visual environmen t influences the strategies for sensory processing in the retina and the thal amus of primates, where second-order redundancy is reduced, and in the primary visual areas of cortex, where filters with high output-kurto sis, which expose the "sparseness" of the visual environment, are believ ed to facilitate scene parsing and object segmentation. Here we examine the hypothesis of a similar link between the sparseness of natural audit ory ensembles and their respective symbolic structures. We find that s econd-order redundancy reducing filters, which presumably operate at th e cochlear level, have output kurtoses, much larger than those for imag es. Moreover, the kurtosis depends strongly on the length of the filter time -window. We find that the difference between the characteristic timesca les at which such sparseness is maximal across species-specific ensembl es—human speech and bird song—correlate with the known differences in the duration of their respective symbols and inter-symbol transiti ons. We discuss the implications for the design of sensory systems that would code efficiently such natural auditory stimuli.


Background: Induction of labour is the process of initiating uterine contractions before the onset of spontaneous contractions in order to achieve vaginal delivery. Induction of uterine contractions leads to progressive effacement and dilatation of the cervix and birth of the baby. This includes both women with intact membranes and women with spontaneous rupture of membrane but who are not in labour. The different methods used for Induction of labour are mechanical surgical and pharmacological. Induction of labour includes a pre induction Bishop's assessment, of which scores of seven and above indicates a favorable cervix and scores less than seven indicates an unfavorable cervix. Objectives: To determine indications, methods and outcome of induction of labor at Muhimbili National Hospital. Methodology: This was a hospital based retrospective descriptive study conducted from July 2014 to January 2015, at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar-es-salaam involving 120 pregnant women. All women who meet the inclusion criteria with indications for induction of labor with gestation age 29 weeks and above were included in the study. The variables of interest included socio-demographic characteristics, obstetric history, and medical history, indication for induction of labour, maternal and neonatal outcomes. Data were collected by means of structured data collection tool. Data cleaning was followed by analysis using SPSS version 20. Demographic data and categorical variables were summarized into frequencies, means, standard deviations, proportions and cross tabulations. Data was presented in tables. Results: The total number of deliveries during the period of study was 5,373 out of which total of 120 women underwent induction of labour . This gave a rate for induction of labor of 2.3%. Mean maternal age was 28.72 (SD 5.47) years and the median gestational age was 38.76 (28-42) completed weeks. The main indications for induction of labour were postterm pregnancy 60 (50%), hypertensive disorders of pregnancy 38 (31.7%), premature rupture of membranes 21(17.5%).Out of these women, 74 (61.7%) had spontaneous vaginal delivery and 46 (38.3%) had emergency caesarean section deliveries.


Photoluminescence of ZnO films deposited by various technologies including magnetron sputtering and PEMOCVD on different substrates was studied at room temperature by femtosecond Ti:sapphire laser. The effect of film texture on PL spectra was revealed. The influence of annealing on ultraviolet and green photoluminescence was also considered. The most intensive ultraviolet excitonic photoluminescence was observed for ZnO films deposited on SiNx/Si substrate.


When given to healthy mice, a small designer protein protects the rodents from being infected with the influenza virus, a new study finds. And when given to mice already infected with the flu virus, the protein reduces symptoms better than a popular flu drug. Before the inhalable protein can become a vaccinelike drug or a post-infection therapeutic, however, it would need to be further optimized and found safe and effective in people—major hurdles for drug candidates, which often fail in testing. Virologist Deborah H. Fuller and protein chemist David Baker of the University of Washington, Seattle, and coworkers used the Baker group's Rosetta computational modeling program to design small proteins that bind to hemagglutinin, a glycoprotein that protrudes from the surface of flu viruses. Because the designer proteins bind to hemagglutinin's stem, which is similar in different flu viruses, they're able to treat multiple flu strains. They work by blocking


Social change is a natural phenomenon. We are living in a society which is changing continuously and dynamically. Every day, we are growing with new evolution of society witnessing unique features. These changes have affected the human attitude and the way we present ourselves. In fact the developmental pattern and social representation are very much depends on the media, messages and communication. The emergent influence of new media on social change is amazing as the social capitals not only consuming the new media presentations but accepting and expressing it. Is it is really a change for social development or media dependency for marketing of media products. Media and media based communication have always played a significant role on social change. Social changes certainly have a dependency on media. This paper is tired of analyzing the media impact on social changes. The paper mainly focused on the young students and the socializing factors.  The epicenter of the study deals with the role and impact of new media on youth. Parameters such as social media, it impact on social connectivity, social interaction social isolation and changing youth attitude are used to evaluate the level of social change.


– use of oxidases and hydrolases to modify synthetic fi bres – new cutinases for polyester – new cellulase hybrids enzymes for detergents application to clean cotton – cellulases to process cotton – bioprocess of paprika oil – use of laccase for process textile effl uents – low temperature processes to biobleach cotton – bioprocessing of bamboo fi bres – processing of protein fi bres with PDI, tyrosinase, laccases for a range of biotechnical used from medical to textile uses. – improvement of laccase fermentation yields – use of plant polyphenols for inhibition of pathalogic enzymes present in chronic wound environments. Four major reviews have been presented on:


The simulation of ultrasound waves propagating through heterogeneous materials is useful to a range of applications, including Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) and materials characterization. In NDE, the challenge is to detect defects within the volume of a component against a background of noise of scattering from the inhomogeneities. In materials characterization, the challenge is to measure properties such as stiffness, texture, and spatial distributions of the inhomogeneities. Until recently, simulation of wave propagation through realistic detailed volumetric representations of heterogeneous materials was infeasible because of the huge computational requirements. However, it has recently become possible to do these kinds of simulations. This talk will show Finite Element model simulations of wave propagation in polycrystalline metals that are representative of the high performance alloys used in electricity power plant components. Validations by examining wave speed, attenuation, and backscatter will ...


Chinese sentence similarity measures are widely used in the field of Chinese information processing. Considering practical application environment of Chat Robot and its response speed requirements, this paper presents an efficient similarity measure for Chinese sentence. In this method, a weight is assigned to the length of matched sequence strings. The longer the length of matched sequence strings, the greater the weight assigned to length, which means more similar the two compared sentences. The experimental results indicate that, compared to that of Baidu-knows, the proposed method is more reasonable and more feasible.


Experimnents in mice, dogs, rabbits, and guinea pigs showed that innoculation with antituberculosis vaccine before irradiation changed the radioresistance of the animals. The degree of radiation protection depended on the species of the animal, dose of vaccine, time interval between vaccination and irradiation, and the combination of immnunization with other therapeutic measures. (C.H.)


Objective To dynamically observe the refractive status of premature infants and retinopathy of prematurity(ROP).Methods 35 premature infants were classified into 2 groups by the fact that retinopathy of prematurity was occured or not.The data from retinoscopy optometries under the ciliary muscles paralyzed in 6,12 and 24 months were recorded,and their refractive status and related factors were analyzed.Results The incidence of myopia in premature infants,particularly in ROP infants was significantly higher than that in normal newborn.The myopia and moderate astigmatism of premature infants were related to the ROP.The myopia of the premature infants was also related to the birth weight,and that high incidence of myopia was observed in the infants with birth weight less than 1.5 kg.Conclusion Both ROP and low birth weights would lead to the higher incidence of myopia,and had important influence on the refractive status of premature infants for a long time.


Aim at the widespread and existent phenomenon of the wall body engineering quantity common failing,analyze the wall body engineering to strach the strength in the sand low,unsteady,the wall body wall faces to swim the T to walk to sew,crack,the wall body brick glues the prevention measure of knot rickety etc.Blemish,thus raising the wall body engineering quantity.


Nowadays, a patient management system in hospital are need to be upgrade and increase the management quality in appointment between doctor and patient, blood donation and surgery system to ensure that the patient information are manageable. Patient management system for appointment, operation and blood donation are developed to ease the hospital administration by increasing the level of patient information management, appointment between doctor and patient management, operating theatre booking management and blood donation management with the use of latest technology. Those system are combined and make it as one integrated system to prevent redundancy in patient information and easy maintenance. To make sure that the information retrieval can be achieved, this system is developed with web-based design and supported with SMS technology. This system is using the prototyping methodology. The system development is using Microsoft Web Developer 2005 Express Edition and Microsoft SQL Server 2005. Hopefully, the development of this system can provide functionality to improve a quality level of management in patient information at hospital.


LITHOLOGICAL-PETROGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTIC OF ORDOVICIAN STRATA IN THE MYSZKOW-MRZYGŁOD AREA

Summary
The surveys aimed at more detailed recognition of tectonic structure of basement of the Mesozoic at NE margin of the Upper Silesian Basin, carried out in the last years by the Geological Institute, supplied some new data on lithology, stratigraphy and petrography of Lower Paleozoic rocks in this region. The paper presents an attempt to reconstruct column of Ordovician rocks encountered in the Myszkow - Mrzyglod area and to give their lithological- petrographic characteristics.
Several formations differing in lithological development were distinguished in the rock complex assigned to the Ordovician (Fig. 7). Organic remains are rare here, impeding any more detailed dating of the formation as well as establishment of biostratigraphic units. The following formations were differentiated in the Ordovician column (from the base upwards):
1) Carbonate formation, comprising dark-grey, silicified sparry dolomites and limestones, with intercalations of greywacke mudstones and sandstones at the base. The formation is about 150- 200 m thick and presumably Arenigian or even Llandvirnian? in age.
2) Shaly forrnation, comprising dark-grey or grey- green quartz-chlorite, chlorite-sericite-albite, biotite or actinolite metapelites and metaaleurites with intercalations of skarns and, sometimes, fine-grained greywackes. The formation is about 600 - 800 m thick and presumably Llandeilan-Caradocian? in age.
3) Shaly-greywacke-conglomerate formation, comprising grey and grey-green sericite and sericite-chlorite metapelites and metaaleurites in upper part, and grey-green greywacke metapsammites and metapsephites with intercalations of chlorite-sericite and biotite-quartz metaaleurites in the lower part. The thickness of this formation is estimated at about 400 - 500 m and the age - presumably Lower Ashgillian?
4) Formation of skarn limestones with phosphorites, comprising skarn limestones and marbles at the top, sparry limestones with phosphorite nodules and intercalations in the middle, and silicified micritic limestones at the base. The formation is about 25 m thick and it is dated at the Upper Ashgillian on the basis of the recorded conodont fauna.


With the development of social economy and the increase of employment pressure, currently college students are generally trapped in the dilemma of being unable to overcome negative emotions due to the pressure of admission and schoolwork. This paper is based on the reading of the optional course Positive Psychology and related books. PERMA model is used to explain that positive psychology can give college students in the positive emotion, wholehearted involvement, positive interpersonal, life meaning, sense of achievement five aspects of cognitive change, provide enlightenment to obtain happiness and happiness.


Multi input multi output (MIMO) antennas system has been proved the best candidate for providing high data rate over broadband wireless channel. It requires the same amount of transmit power and bandwidth as single input single output (SISO) antenna system required. In general, input signal is considered to be uncorrelated when deriving the channel capacity of MIMO system. Correlation between input data reduces the channel capacity for MIMO system. In this paper, we proposed a transformation on input data which decorrelates them and enhance the channel capacity. Simulation results show that the transformation on input data increases the channel capacity as it decorrelates the input signal.


INTRODUCTION: It is unclear whether the alleged efficacy of probiotics in childhood acute gastroenteritis depends on the duration and severity of symptoms before treatment. METHODS: Preplanned secondary analysis of 2 randomized placebo-controlled trials in children 3–48 months of age was conducted in 16 emergency departments in North America evaluating the efficacy of 2 probiotic products (Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and a combination probiotic: L. rhamnosus and L. helveticus). Participants were categorized in severity groups according to the duration (<24, 24–<72, and ≥72 hours) and the frequency of diarrhea episodes in the 24 hours (≤3, 4–5, and ≥6) before presentation. We used regression models to assess the interaction between pretreatment diarrhea severity groups and treatment arm (probiotic or placebo) in the presence of moderate-to-severe gastroenteritis (Modified Vesikari Scale score ≥9). Secondary outcomes included diarrhea frequency and duration, unscheduled healthcare provider visits, and hospitalization. RESULTS: A total of 1,770 children were included, and 882 (50%) received a probiotic. The development of moderate-to-severe gastroenteritis symptoms after the initiation of treatment did not differ between groups (probiotic—18.4% [162/882] vs placebo—18.3% [162/888]; risk ratio 1.00; 95% confidence interval 0.87, 1.16; P = 0.95). There was no evidence of interaction between baseline severity and treatment (P = 0.61) for the primary or any of the secondary outcomes: diarrhea duration (P = 0.88), maximum diarrheal episodes in a 24-hour period (P = 0.87), unscheduled healthcare visits (P = 0.21), and hospitalization (P = 0.87). DISCUSSION: In children 3–48 months with acute gastroenteritis, the lack of effect of probiotics is not explained by the duration of symptoms or frequency of diarrheal episodes before presentation.


In this work, a combined concept called Spar-Toru-Combination (STC) involving a spar-type floating wind turbine (FWT) and an axi-symmetric two-body wave energy converter (WEC) is considered. From the views of both long-term fatigue damage prediction of the mooring lines and the annual energy production estimation, a coupled analysis of wind-wave induced long-term stochastic responses has been performed using the SIMO-TDHMILL code in the time domain, which includes 79200 one-hour short term cases (the combination of 22 selected mean wind speeds * 15 selected significant wave heights * 12 selected spectral peak wave periods * 20 random seeds). The hydrodynamic loads on the Spar and Torus are estimated using potential theory, while the aerodynamic loads on the wind rotor are calculated by the validated simplified thrust force model in the TDHMILL code. Considering the long-term wind-wave joint distribution in the northern North Sea, the annual fatigue damage of the mooring line for the STC system is obtained by using the S-N curve approach and Palmgren-Miner's linear damage hypothesis. In addition, the annual wind and wave power productions are also obtained by using hourly mean output power for each short-term condition and the joint wind-wave distribution.Copyright © 2014 by ASME


Myeloma cells promote osteolysis and suppress osteogenesis in the bone microenvironment by regulating osteoclasts (OCL) and osteoblasts (OBL), respectively. Patients often suffer painful, osteoporotic bone status as diseases progresses. Bone consists of 90% type-I collagen, which is degraded by OCL derived cathepsin K during regular bone remodeling. While bisphosphonates delay pathological fracture, they have little impact on overall survival; therefore, development of new therapies is crucial. Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) is an enzyme involved in type-I collagen degradation and resorption. Immunohistochemical staining of a panel of human myeloma biopsies (n = 15) show high MMP-13 expression predominantly in bone stroma and to a lesser extent in the myeloma compartment. Consistent with previous reports, MMP-13 expression localizes to mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and OBLs rather than OCLs. Further supporting these observations, analysis of publically available data sets revealed upregulation of MMP-13 expression in MSCs co-cultured with myeloma cells (1.81 LogFC, p To test our hypothesis, we generated immune-compromised MMP-13-null mice on a C57BL/6 background for ex vivo and in vivo studies. Mouse myeloma cell line, 5TGM1, homes to the skeleton and progresses upon tail vein injection in this model. Our in vivo studies showed that 5TGM1-bearing MMP-13-null mice had significantly improved overall survival compared to wild-type controls (Mean 39 vs. 43 days; p Citation Format: Chen Hao Lo, Gemma Shay, Conor C. Lynch. Host-derived MMP-13 mediates multiple myeloma-induced osteolysis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 3282.


This paper presents an embryological study of Miconia cabucu Hoehne. This species from the Tropical Atlantic Rain Forest occurs and reproduces in disturbed areas such as treefall gaps. The species agrees well with other Myrtales in its basic embryological characteristics, but displays some distinctive featurees : uninucleate anther tapetum cells, and the presence of a funicular obturator. These features may be useful for establishing boundaries between the Melastomataceae and other Myrtales.


Reasonable determination of cable tensions and main cable configuration was the key issue in designing suspension bridges. Based on interacting matrix theory, an optimisation method of cable force in suspension bridges was deduced. For linear structure, interacting matrix was linear. But for non-linear structure, such as suspension bridge, large deformation effect was strong, superposition principle was not applicable. So the interacting matrix theory applied especially to linear structure. The interacting matrix of suspension bridge could be gotten taking into account dead load stiffness. Based on interacting matrix, cable forces were gotten after iterations by non-linear FEM. The procedure consists of two successive steps of non-linear analysis. The first step was interacting matrix formation procedure. The interacting matrix of suspension bridge could be gotten taking into account dead load stiffness. Successive non-linear analyses were then performed until the trial nodal coordinates and unstrained lengths of cable elements resulted in the target. The optimisation procedure with designated targets was achieved concerning the structure stiffness. The reasonable shape of suspension bridge was gotten. In addition, a case study on a suspension bridge was carried out to show the capability of the proposed method. It showed that the method had the advantages of mechanical significance, concise algorithm, and high accuracy. It was worth popularising in design practice.


The teaching of English reading in colleges and universities is a topic that both students and teachers are concerned about. To improve students' English proficiency, the quality of teaching must be improved. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a teaching quality evaluation system (TQES). The system evaluation method allows teachers to obtain relevant information in time through information feedback after the evaluation, find teachers' problems in the teaching process, adjust the teaching mode in time, continuously correct mistakes and deficiencies in the teaching process, improve grades, and raise the quality of teaching to a higher level. This paper introduces the swarm intelligence algorithm (SIA) when designing the English reading TQES, the purpose is to improve the calculation speed and accuracy of the scoring results, and verify the feasibility of the system by testing the performance of the system.


High quality watermelon fruit can be influenced by the quality of the seeds planted. The purpose of this research was to obtain the dose of Boron fertilizer and topping on the seed production of watermelon female parent. The research was conducted from September 2021 to December 2021. This research was conducted using a factorial randomized block design consisting of 2 factors (Boron fertilizer dose and topping) which was repeated 4 times. Treatment of Boron Fertilizer consisted of 3 levels (0 kg.ha-1, 2 kg.ha-1, and 4 kg.ha-1). Topping treatment consists of 2 levels, without topping and using topping. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and LSD at 5%. The results showed that the dose of Boron fertilizer 2 kg.ha−1 gave the best effect on flowering age of male flower (20 DAP), flowering age of female flower (23 DAP), fruit weight (1.13 kg), seed weight per fruit (5.46 g), seed production per hectare (182.04 kg), and weight of 1000 seeds (39.50 g). The dose of Boron fertilizer 4 kg.ha−1 gave the best effect on seed germination (97%) and seed vigor (79%). Topping treatment did not affect all the parameters observed.


Is it part of our God-given destiny to exercise complete control over our reproductive process? Richard Seed, in one of his first in-depth interviews after announcing his intentions to clone human beings commercially, made this very argument. U.S. President Bill Clinton offered the opposite view when he issued the ban on human cloning. Rather than seeing cloning as human destiny, he rejected it as "playing God." Is human cloning in line with God's purposes for us?


Field and laboratory experiments were conducted during 1967 to determine the effectiveness of registered and experimental insecticides and mixtures of various insecticides for controlling Hypera postica (Gyllenhal) on first crop alfalfa in southern Indiana and Illinois. Tests were conducted under what were considered both highly favorable and unfavorable weather conditions for insecticide activity. Of the registered materials tested, best results were obtained with methyl parathion. Control results with a mixture of malathion and methoxychlor also were impressive. Early in the season when weather conditions were most favorable phorate appeared to give more persistent control than did methyl parathion.

A laboratory bioassay of field-applied chemical sprays showed that most materials tested resulted in a lower larval mortality at 50 than at 72°F. Methyl parathion, Baygon ( o -isopropoxyphenyl methylcarbamate), and Furadan® (2, 3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl methylcarbamate) did not appear to be affected significantly by temperature; on the other hand, methoxychlor and in some cases Alfatox® (1.6 lb methoxychlor +0.8 lb diazinon per gallon) gave greater larval mortality at 50 than at 72°F.


in-duces early invasion and metastasis. The results demonstrate that loss of E-cadherin–mediated cell adhesion is one rate-lim-iting step in the progression from adenoma to carcinoma in vivo.


Summary

Several species of marine fish were sampled bacteriologically to determine the bacterial types associated with the skin, gills, gut and mouth of the animals. Analysis of the total sample distribution of 311 pure cultures showed that Pseudomonas species composed 44–48% of the floras of all the areas except the mouth, where they comprised 68% of the flora, and Achromobacter and Micrococcus made up about 17% and 6%, respectively, of the floras from the several sites. A pleomorphic, coccoid, fermentative Vibrio type was found in greatest numbers in the gut, although it was present on the gills and, less frequently, on the skin. The biochemical and physiological characteristics of the organisms isolated suggest that detectable differences exist among the bacterial populations from the skin, gills, gut and mouth. Fish caught in the water of Puget Sound by hand line, deep water otter trawl, inshore otter trawl, beach seine and purse seine were examined bacteriologically to determine the effects of catching method on the qualitative distribution of types, and 299 pure cultures were isolated and extensively tested. The hand line samples yielded a flora consisting predominantly of Pseudomonas and Achromobacter, though Micrococcus and Flavobacterium were present in significant numbers. Some differences were observed between the bacterial populations of the fish captured by the other methods, particularly in the presence of Bacillus and Corynebacterium and of miscellaneous types. These differences, in general, could be attributed to the catching operation.


Object configurations can be perceptually represented at various hierarchical levels. For example, in visual search, global Kanizsa figures are detected efficiently, whereas search for local groupings is inefficient, with similarity-dependent nontarget interference arising at the hierarchical level that defines the target (Conci, Müller, & Elliott, 2007). The present study was designed to examine the electrophysiological correlates of this global–local search asymmetry. The results revealed differences between hierarchical object levels to be evident throughout a number of processing stages: search for a global, versus a local, target elicited larger amplitudes in early sensory components (P1, N1). Moreover, the efficiency of attenanizsa figure erceptual grouping ocal/global processing vent-related potentials tional orienting towards a target was mirrored in the Posterior Contralateral Negativity (PCN), with PCN latencies being substantially delayed (by ∼70 ms) with local, versus global, targets. Finally, late components (P3 and slow wave—SW) reflected the overall search efficiency, which was determined by both the hierarchical level at which the target was defined and the similarity-based nontarget interference. Taken together, this pattern shows that multiple, sequential processes of object completion contribute to the f a glo


A systematic first-principles investigation using the density functional theory (DFT) has been performed to investigate the thermoelectric property of cubic BaReO3 under strain condition. The electronic band structure at ground state as well as density of states shows that BaReO3 is non-magnetic and behave like a poor metallic in nature. In thermoelectric property, we have calculated electronic thermal properties, electrical properties, Lorentz number and Figure of merit. The thermoelectric property, the intrinsic 4% has a highest thermal as well as electrical conductivity while extrinsic 2% has highest Figure of merit and Lorentz number. Therefore, our result shows that this material is suitable for higher thermal devices with the application of strain.A systematic first-principles investigation using the density functional theory (DFT) has been performed to investigate the thermoelectric property of cubic BaReO3 under strain condition. The electronic band structure at ground state as well as density of states shows that BaReO3 is non-magnetic and behave like a poor metallic in nature. In thermoelectric property, we have calculated electronic thermal properties, electrical properties, Lorentz number and Figure of merit. The thermoelectric property, the intrinsic 4% has a highest thermal as well as electrical conductivity while extrinsic 2% has highest Figure of merit and Lorentz number. Therefore, our result shows that this material is suitable for higher thermal devices with the application of strain.


The immunoprophylactic effects of nasal vaccination with 13 different kinds of inactivated Sendai virus vaccines were compared by contact exposure to infector mice. Efficacies of the vaccines were evaluated on the basis of the presence of virus‐infected cells by immunofluorescent examination of the entire respiratory tract, including the nasal mucosa.


Human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus (HTLV) is the first unequivocal human retrovirus.. Seroepidemiological and virus isolation studies indicate that HTLV is etiologically associated with a subtype of adult T-cell malignancy. We have molecularly cloned approximately, 1 kilobase of sequences derived from the 5' and 3' termini of the HTLV genome. Use of these clones as probes allowed isolation ofa 9.8-kilobase EcoRI fragment from a genomic DNA library of an HTLV-infected neoplastic Tcell line (CR). Analysis of this clone revealed the presence of cellular sequences flanking approximately 5 kilobases of viral sequences including one long terminal repeat sequence. The 5' and 3' clones, as well as subclones derived from different regions of -the genomic clone, were used as probes to compare integrated proviruses and viral RNA expression in -different HLTV-infected neoplastic T cell lines. The results indicate that the infected cells are of clonal origin with respect to the virus integration sites and they express multiple viral mRNA species including a 35S RNA. Human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus (HTLV) was first isolated in our laboratory from cultured T cells of an adult black patient, who was a United States resident, with a malignant lymphoma involving mature T cells (1). Subsequent seroepidemiological studies (2-7) and repeated virus isolations (refs. 8-11; M. Popovic, personal communication) have associated HTLV with a subtype of adult T-cell leukemia occurring worldwide but with prevalence in certain geographical areas, including southwestern Japan, the Caribbean, South America, and certain parts of the southeastern United States. HTLV is an exogenous type C retrovirus with no extensive homology to other known animal retroviruses (12). Nucleotide sequences of HTLV have been demonstrated in DNA ofvirus-positive tumor cells (12) including fresh leukemia cells (ref. 10; M. S. Reitz, Jr., personal communication). In order to extend these observations and survey a greater number of fresh and cultured cells from patients with different malignancies and to achieve better understanding of the nature of the provirus integration events, it was necessary to obtain molecular clones of at least portions of the HTLV genome as probes. In this paper we report the molecular cloning of the 5' and 3' terminal viral sequences, as well as an integrated, defective HTLV provirus with flanking cellular sequences. Analyses of these cloned viral sequences and their use as probes to analyze integrated proviruses and viral mRNA expressions in different HTLV-infected cell lines are also presented. MATERIALS AND METHODS Source of Cells. CR-M2 is a clone (unpublished data) ofHUT 102 (13, 14). CR-M2, MI (8), Sez 2 (8, 14), and MT1 (15) are human mature neoplastic T-cell lines that produce HTLV. CRM2 and MT-1 are independent ofexogenous T-cell growth factor for growth. MI and Sez 2 grow in the presence (5-10%) of a partially purified ammonium sulfate fraction ofT-cell growth factor. HL-60 (16) is a myeloid cell line and Molt 4 (17) is an immature human neoplastic T-cell line. Source of Virus. Every virus preparation was obtained from 60 liters ofCR cell culture. Each was concentrated by centrifugation and purified by double sucrose gradient banding as described (1). Nucleic Acid Preparations. Viral RNA was extracted from viral particles by NaDodSO4/Pronase treatment followed by an oligo(dT)-cellulose column chromatography. Cellular RNA was extracted with a modified guanidine-HCl procedure (18) and enriched for poly(A)-containing molecules by oligo(dT)-cellulose chromatography. High molecular weight DNA was prepared as described (19). DNA and RNA Gel Blotting. DNA -was digested with different restriction enzymes, fractionated by electrophoresis on 0.8% agarose gels, and blot hybridized tocDNA or cloned DNA labeled by nick-translation (20). RNA was fractionated by electrophoresis on 1% agarose/2.2 M formaldehyde and blot hybridized as described (21). cDNA Synthesis. For synthesis of 5'-specific cDNA, 2 pgg of viral RNA was hybridized to 0.5 jig of tetradecameric deoxyribonucleotide primer (synthesized by Biologicals, Toronto, CA) derived from the known sequence -of the NH2-terminal amino acids ofp24 (22). The hybridization was in 80mM KCl/ 50 mM Tris'HCl, pH 8.3, for 20 min at 420C. For the synthesis of 3' cDNA, 15 gg of oligo(dT)12-18 was used as primer. In both cases, cDNA synthesis was carried out with each dNTP present at 600 mM and 50 ,uCi (1 Ci = 3.7 x 1010 Bq) of [32P]dCTP, 50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.3), 50 mM KCl, 5 mM MgCl2, 5 mM dithiothreitol, 60 Mig of bovine serum albumin per ml, and 25 units of reverse transcriptase (J. Beard). After 45 min at 420C the reactions were arrested by addition of2 vol ofphenol/chloroform, 1:1 (vol/vol), the aqueous phase was extracted with chloroform, and the DNA was precipitated with ethanol. For preparation of cDNA of high specific activity, 12 ,umol of [32P]dATP (800 Ci/mmol) was used instead ofunlabeled dATP. cDNA Cloning. Cloning of5' and 3' cDNA into pBR322 was carried out as described by Crabtree and Kant (23). Singlestranded cDNA was dissolvedin 0.1 M NaOH and incubated for 1 hr at 420C. The 5' cDNA was fractionated on an 8% polyacrylamide gel and the band corresponding to about 1 kilobase Abbreviations: HTLV, human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus; kb, kilobase(s). t Permanent address: I'Cattedra Microbiologia Universita' Degli Studi, Roma, Italy. ¶ To whom reprint requests should be addressed. 1574 The publication costs ofthis article were defrayed in part by page charge payment. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U. S. C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80 (1983) 1575 (kb) was eluted, extracted with phenol and chloroform, and precipitated in ethanol. The 3' cDNA was neutralized with HCl and precipitated in ethanol. Both cDNAs were resuspended in 90 mM Hepes, pH 6.9/180 mM KC1 containing each dNTP at 0.2 mM. The second DNA strand was synthesized by addition of 45 units of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I (large fragment) and incubation for 4 hr at 150C. Single-stranded regions were eliminated by S1 nuclease treatment. cDNA was fractionated on Bio-Gel 150 and ethanol precipitated; poly(dC) tails were added in a reaction mixture containing 100 mM K cacodylate (pH 6.4), 1 mM CoCl, 0.1 mM dithiothreitol, 0.1 mM dCTP (2 ACi of [32P]dCTP), and 50 units of terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase and incubated at 37C until 8-12 nucleotides were added. Plasmid pBR322 was cleaved with Pst I and poly(dG) tailed in the same way as described above for the HTLV cDNA ends. Plasmid and cDNA were hybridized for 2 hr at 45°C in 10 mM Tris HCl, pH 7.5/100 mM NaCl. The recipient cells used for transformation were MC1061. The transformants were plated on LB agar containing tetracycline (50 mg/ml). Colony hybridization was performed according to published methods (24). Genomic DNA Library. High molecular weight DNA (500 ,ug) from CR-M2 cells was digested to completion with EcoRI and fractionated by centrifugation at 100,000 x g for 24 hr on a 10-40% sucrose gradient in 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5/1 M NaCl/10 mM Na EDTA. The fractions containing DNA between 6 and 11 kb were pooled, ethanol precipitated, and then resuspended at a concentration of 0.1 ,ug/ml to be used as target DNA. Two micrograms of Charon 21 DNA (25) was digested with EcoRI and ligated to 0.5 ,ug of target DNA by incubation at 14WC for 4 hr in 40 ,ul of 66 mM Tris HCl, pH 7.5/5 mM MgCl2/5 mM dithiothreitol/1 mM ATP containing 4 units of T4 ligase. The ligated DNA was then packaged in vitro (26). The phage library was screened according to the method of Benton and Davis (27). One positive signal was plaque-purified twice and characterized. This clone was designated ACR-1. Subeloning. The entire insert of ACR-1 was subeloned into pBR322 (28) and partial subclones were obtained by digesting pCR-1 DNA with the appropriate enzymes, isolating the DNA fragments of interest on agarose preparative gels (see text), and ligating them to pBR322 cut with the corresponding enzymes. S1 and S2 were fragments generated by Sst I digestion and were inserted into the Pst I site of pBR322 by dC-tailing of the fragments and dG-tailing of the plasmid as indicated above.


The optical network of a Brillouin optical time domain amplifier(BOTDA) system is proposed,in which only one laser source is used and the frequency scan range is decreased from the high frequency microwave(about 11 GHz) to the intermediate wave(MHz) without any frequency-shift locking device for cost saving.The experiment system was set up with the sensing fiber in the temperature controller,and the temperature-dependent Brillouin scattering signal was achieved.It is deduced that the Brillouin scattering signal and temperature obey Lorenz distribution when the frequency difference between incident light waves at two ends of the sensing fiber keeps constant.The Lorenz curve fitting was done for the test data and results show that the optical network is feasible.


The engine stop / restart system according to the invention comprises a reversible rotary electric machine of the alternator-starter type (10) and electronic means (11, 12, 13) comprising an engine restart control module (131). according to the invention, the engine stop / restart system also comprises detection means (S1 to S4) fitted to the vehicle's on-board components (L4, S1 to S4) for detecting states of the on-board components, and a machine of states (SM) included in the engine restart control module and able to anticipate an order of recovery of the engine from a sequential monitoring of the state of the organs devices. The invention thus provides a stop system / alternator / starter motor restart adapted to be integrated into a vehicle with a manual gearbox.


Hiring laborers in the rural areas is something new that occurred in the wake of China's adoption of the policy of invigorating the domestic economy and opening to the outside world and the introduction of diverse forms of the responsibility system in the countryside. The emergence and development of labor hiring has aroused widespread interest and concern. This is a question that calls for urgent theoretical study and solution and for the formulation of an appropriate government policy.


Pierre Bourdieu's sociological analysis of literary production and reception provides the primary, though not the only, theoretical reference point for Rosenquist's study of generational displacement. Bourdieu's analysis of the struggle between writers who have "made their mark" (from Bourdieu's phrase, fait date) (qtd. in Rosenquist 11) on the literary field and the younger artists who aspire to displace them illuminates the experience of the modernist latecomers, and for that reason alone literary scholars working on late modernism will have much to learn from Rosenquist's thoughtful Bourdieuean analysis of the period. Modernism, the Market and the Institution of the New adds to the growing body of scholarship that examines the role played by the market in the production and reception of modernist texts, and it opens exciting new pathways for scholarly work in this field. It would be very interesting to see how his analysis of the mechanisms of the literary marketplace could be extended with research based on quantitative data about the circulation of texts as commodities. Our understanding of modernism and its impact on twentieth-century literary history will be incomplete if we ignore the economy of symbolic and financial capital in which it existed. Rosenquist should be commended for helping to address this gap.


Electric springs have been used previously in stabilizing mains voltage fluctuations in power grid fed by intermittent renewable energy sources. This paper describes a new three-phase electric spring circuit and its new operation in reducing power imbalance in the three-phase power system of a building. Based on government energy use data for tall buildings, the electric loads are classified as critical and non-critical loads so that tall building energy model can be developed. The proposed electric spring is connected in series with the non-critical load to form a new generation of smart load. A control scheme for such smart building load to reduce power imbalance within the building is evaluated in a simulation study. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the new three-phase electric springs in reducing power imbalance.


Laser backscattering at 514 nm from turbid water solutions has been studied in the laboratory. The backscattered power is measured for distilled water containing different amounts of a strong scatt...


Mine ventilation system must be evaluated with scientific method in order to ensure the mine safety production and raise economic benefit of corporation. According to the fact that the factors which influence the quality of the mine ventilation system have fuzziness and gray characteristics and there aren't many differences which influence the evaluation effect and accuracy among the qualitative factors between the aforementioned factors, the principle of gray theoretical information difference is used for enlarging the information difference in this paper while the fuzzy mathematics is applied to evaluating the quality of the mine ventilation system in order to surmount the influence of the evaluation effect caused by the less differences among information. Through the analysis of examples, the combination of two methods has raised reliability and accuracy of the evaluation effect of the system scheme.


The invention relates to a method for improving the aqueous solubility of optical markers. Said optical markers serve to mark bio-molecules, polymers and medicaments. According to the invention, aqueous solubility of optical markers is achieved through a method, whereby a phosphoric or phosphonic acid group, or the salt or monoester thereof is introduced into the marker.


This paper investigates the use of ZFS filesystem to improve the checkpointing mechanisms and the backup of the disk image of QEMU-KVM. In the traditional method, QEMU-KVM has to create a new QCOW2 overlay disk image file at every checkpoint operation. After checkpointing many times, the number of overlay disk images can be overwhelming. These overlay disk images have a dependency on one another. Therefore, the traditional method requires high maintenance costs and takes a long time to restore a VM from a checkpoint. In this paper, we introduce a Snapshot Manager to create a checkpoint of a VM, manage ZFS snapshots, and back up the snapshot from one host to another. By using ZFS filesystem, the Snapshot Manager reduces the number of disk images to one. This approach makes it much easier and causes very low overheads to manage VM checkpoints and disk images. In terms of performance, our experimental results show that ZFS takes significantly less restoration time of a VM than the traditional method at the cost of moderately higher backup time.


Amnesia for child sexual abuse and risk for sexual revictimisation in adolescence, National Summit on Interpersonal Violence and Abuse Across the Lifespan: Forging a Shared Agenda, Sheraton Dallas Hotel, Dallas, Texas, USA. 24-26 February 2010, Poster presentation


: A rare case of sporadic Gower Laing: Early adult-onset distal myopathy type III (MDP I) presenting to a medical ward in northern Sri Lanka is presented here. A 39-year-old female present with difficulty in walking from age 10 and was investigated leading to the above diagnosis. This is a rare autosomal dominant distal myopathy and there have been no similar cases reported from the Northern Province of Sri Lanka, as well as in Sri Lanka.


The design and calibration of the dispersive device in a hyperspectral imager significantly affect the performance of hyperspectral imaging, especially the spectral accuracy. To achieve high-accuracy hyperspectral imaging over the visible band, firstly, the geometric and dispersive parameters of the double Amici prism (DAP) that serves as a dispersive device in the direct-vision push-broom compressive hyperspectral imager (PBCHI) are designed and optimized; secondly, a calibration method based on the numerical calculation of the DAP model is put forward, which can turn the conventional pixel-wise dispersive shift calibration by a monochromator into a group of numerical calculations; lastly, a PBCHI prototype is built to test the performances of the designed and calibrated DAP and the hyperspectral imager. The calibration experiments demonstrate that the mean squared error (MSE) of the dispersive pixel shifts calibrated by the proposed numerical method is 0.1774, which indicates the calibration result of the proposed method is consistent with the directly calibrated result. Furthermore, after this numerical calculation, the spectral signatures of the reconstructed cubes of the DAP-based PBCHI system show consistency with the ground truth. This work will benefit the design and calibration of the DAP-based hyperspectral imager.


Summary This study investigated the following hypothesis: Subjects tolerant of the unstable would attribute greater similarity in meaning to paired concepts referring to disabled and nondisabled roles than subjects found to be intolerant of the unstable. Thirty-eight males who had suddenly become physically disabled by traumatic injury served as subjects. The cognitive style of tolerance and intolerance of the unstable was determined by the subjects' responses to the phi phenomena. Similarity of role identification was measured by four sets of paired concepts (e.g., Me-Disabled Me) using a semantic differential format. Results of the study supported the hypothesis that subjects tolerant of the unstable are better able to integrate notions of disabled and nondisabled than intolerant subjects.


BACKGROUND
There are concerns that use of the term "randomized" conveys a form of legitimacy to surgical trials that may sometimes be inappropriate. The objective of this study was to review the nature and use of randomization techniques in surgical trials.

METHODS
We evaluated aspects of the randomization process in 619 surgical trials published within 10 prestigious journals between January 1990 and December 1999.

RESULTS
Only 33% of the published trials (202/619) adequately described a valid randomization process. Furthermore, 78% (484/619) did not declare the use or extent of a blinding technique and almost two-thirds of the published trials failed to state how they concealed the randomization process.

CONCLUSIONS
Our study indicates that many published surgical trials ignore basic aspects of the randomization process. It is difficult for surgeons to have faith in trials that fail to demonstrate an unbiased allocation of patients and ignore the need to maintain some confidentiality about the allocation of patients into groups.


In this paper, a Two-Switch forward converter using enhancement mode Gallium Nitride transistors (GaN FETs) operating in CCM is designed for low power and high frequency applications. This topology provides a galvanic isolated, simple and efficient approach which will be suitable to use in battery charge circuits. The performance of the converter is evaluated using Si MOSFETs and GaN FETs. Comparison of the switching characteristics performance and the overall efficiency of the converter using Si MOSFTEs and GaN FETs are presented and discussed. The results are presented for a 100W, 200-24 V converter operating at two switching frequencies 100KHz and 500KHz.


Silicon is a key technological material, and its controlled doping is one of the simple and effective ways which are applied for creation of new advanced materials with tunable optoelectronic properties. Boron was known to be a dopant that can dramatically change the properties of silicon. However, a limited solubility of boron atoms in silicon matrix strongly restricted creation of bulk diamond-type structured Si–B alloys with the high boron content exceeding 0.5–1 at. %. In this work we show that bulk Si1–xBx alloys with a rather high boron content (e.g., 2.4 at. %) may be fabricated by alloying of boron and silicon at high temperatures above the melting point of silicon and high pressure. We extensively investigated the electronic transport and optical properties of these alloys using several techniques, including electrical resistivity, Hall effect, magnetoresistance, Raman, IR and optical spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. We found that Si1–xBx solid solutions are metals that possess very unusual o...


Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are lipophilic environmental toxicants that accumulate in adipose tissue. Weight loss leads to mobilization and increased redistribution of these toxicants. Many are obesogens and endocrine disruptors. Increased exposure could pose long‐term health risks. The study objective was to measure the changes in serum concentrations of lipophilic POPs during significant weight loss.


The invention discloses an online visual inspection device and method for inner walls of bowl-shaped workpieces and belongs to the field of online visual inspection for manufacturing of hole system inner walls. The inspection device comprises an optical and sensing system, a computer information processing system and a sorting control system, wherein the optical and sensing system consists of a parallel light source, a CCD (charge coupled device) image sensor, a BS transflective beam splitter, a DMD (digital micromirror device) spatial light modulator, a first reflector, a second reflector and an outer casing and is used for inspecting texture defects and geometric dimensions of the inner walls of the bowl-shaped workpieces. The inspection method comprises steps of CCD-DMD registration, DMD odd-even field separation, CCD odd-even field image extraction, defect inspection and dimensional measurement based on computer image processing and workpiece sorting. The CCD image sensor images the bowl-shaped workpieces at different angles through change of a DMD in plus/minus 12-degree (on/off) deflection states, the problem that the inner walls of the bowl-shaped workpieces are self-shielded is solved, the single workpiece inspection time is shortened, and the online inspection efficiency of the workpieces is guaranteed.


Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) is an effective way to identify and mitigate potential problems within the design of a system. By adapting the general process outlined in MIL-STD-1629A [1] to the design of software, a rigorous software FMEA (SFMEA) process has been developed to drive the identification of risks to safety, reliability, and customer satisfaction.


The advance of the Web has significantly and rapidly changed the way of information organization, sharing and distribution. However, most of the information that is available has to be interpreted by humans; machine support is rather limited. The next generation of the web, the semantic web, seeks to make information more usable by machines by introducing a more rigorous structure based on ontology. In this context we try to propose a novel and integrated approach for migrating data-intensive web into ontology-based semantic web and thus, make the web content machine-understandable. Our approach is based on the idea that semantics can be extracted from the structures and the instances of HTML forms which are the most convenient interface to communicate with relational databases on the current Web. This semantics is exploited to help build ontology.


The research was conducted to identifity of beef cattle fattened by farmers at
�Sarjana Membangun Desa� farmers group. Research was conducted for three
months, starting from September to November 2010, located in Bantul and
Sleman districts, Yogyakarta province. The materials of the research were
consisted of farmers and their beef cattle. The farmer were the members of
farmers group under �Sarjana Membangun Desa� scheme which established in
2009. Two farmers group were selected in Bantul district, namely Andini Mukti
and Mekar Barokah, while in Sleman district two farmers group were Rukun tani
santosa and Tani Lembu Kredosari farmers group. Descriptive and analytical
surveys and direct measurement in the field were applied to gather data on
farmers, characteristics, beef cattle management, feed quality and quantity, feed
and nutrient intake (dry matter, crude protein, and total disgetible nutrients), feed
conversion, feed cost per gain and average daily gain (ADG). Sustainability
aspect of beef cattle was calculated using sustainability methods. Charactersitics
of respondents and beef cattle management were analysed descriptively, while
feed and nutrient intakes, feed conversion and feed cost per gaain were analysed
using one way analysis of completely randomized design (CRD). Average daily
gain was analysed using covariance analysis with intial bodyweight as covariates.
The result showed that feed and nutrient intakes (DM, CP and TDN), feed
conversion, feed cost per gain, average daily gain and economic benefit were
significantly differs between beef cattle kept by farmers in Bantul and Sleman
districts. The average of ADG, feed conversion, feed cost per gain and income
over feed cost of beef cattle in Bantul district were 0.99 ± 0.09 kg/head/day


Background:Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCFs) are the most common fractures in elderly patients.Percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP) or percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP) has demonstrated dramatic effectiveness of pain relief and improve quality of life.However,there were few reports on postoperative death.Objective:To analyze postoperative mortality of OVCFs and to explore cause of death.Methods:We collected the clinical data of 203 aged OVCFs patients who had been treated with PVP or PKP from March2003 to June 2010.The overall mortality and one-year mortality after surgery were analyzed to find the causes for death.Results:The overall mortality and one-year mortality was 14.7%(30/203) and 5.4%(11/203),respectively.No one died in perioperative period.Cardiac event(9 cases),pulmonary nonfunction(7 cases),multiple organ failure(5 cases),malignant tumor(5 cases),cerebral vascular disease(3 cases) were the major causes for death.Statistical results showed that age,sex and underlying diseases were definitely related to mortality.But there was no significant difference in the mortality between PVP and PKP for OVCFs.Conclusions:Both PVP and PKP can significantly relieve pain and reduce postoperative mortality for elderly patients with OVCFs.


We study in this paper variability of the late-type M giants found in the First Byurakan Survey (FBS) spectroscopic data base. We used phase dependent light – curves from large sky area variability data bases such as Catalina Sky Survey (CSS) and All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN). We used also the distance information derived from Gaia EDR3 to construct the Galactic distribution of the M – type giants from the second edition of the FBS Late-Type Stars catalogue including various kinds of long period variables.


In the present study we have attempted to assess the effect of wheat and rice proteins on the plasma lipoprotein profile when fed in conjunction with a high fat diet. Although cereals are poor in proteins, wheat and rice provide the bulk of dietary proteins for Indians


Based on the technology of the EUCLIDES Concentrator, developed in the JOULE programme, a demonstration plant was proposed to and subsidised by the JOULE-THERMIE Programme in 1996. The objective was to identify the most adequate sub-contractors for developing the tooling and manufacturing the components of this new technology to probe its industrial feasibility and cost reducing potential. The EUCLIDES components are all original developments for this parabolic trough concentrator: cells encapsulated into receiving modules, passive heat sinks, metallic on site shaped mirrors, one unique axis tracking structure for 250 sq. meters and transformer-less inverter. An accurate model of all the components allows to calculate the energy to be produced at any site. According with the actual cost of the system, the energy produced in Granadilla, at the SE of Tenerife Island, will cost 0.136 $/kW.h, it is, 58 % of the cost if produced by a flat panel system of the same size on the same site. The plant is now being deployed and will be finish and grid connected by October 1998.