The slip velocity and the temperature-jump for low-speed flow in microchannels are investigated using Langmuir slip boundary condition. This slip boundary condition is suggested to simulate micro flow. The current study analyzes Langmuir slip boundary condition theoretically and it is analyzed numerically for micro-Couette flow, micro-Poiseuille flow and grooved microchannel flow. First, to prove validity for Langmuir slip condition, an analytical solution for micro-Couette flow is derived from Navier-Stokes equations with Langmuir slip conditions and is compared with DSMC and an analytical solution with Maxwell slip boundary condition. Second, the numerical analysis is performed for micro-Poiseuille flow and grooved microchannel flow. The slip velocity and temperature distribution are compared with results of DSMC or Maxwell slip condition and are in good agreement.


Major of music education in college plays a very important role in cultivating and developing teaching resources of primary and high schools in western rural area.Because of the commonly existing bottleneck problems,such as capital shortage,lack of talents,non-adaption of teaching method in primary and high schools in western in rural area,reform on curriculum of music education in college.After years of field research,the traditional curriculum of music education in college has been integrated according to its specific features,which has greatly enhanced teaching efficiency.It helps improve quality of population in rural areas and the role of building a harmonious society.


The force of tower crane is extremely complex when climbing, and climbing frame is the key to structure loaded by forces of climbing working condition, which supports all loads of the upper part of the tower crane when climbing. The guide wheels are arranged on climbing frame, and play the guiding role between climbing frame and tower body. The guide wheel pressure can reflect the upper horizontal loads and unbalanced moment, and climbing press reflects the upper vertical loads. This article is based on the climbing press and guide wheel pressure to analyze loads state of the upper part of the tower crane when climbing, ensure the upper load values in a safe range when the tower crane climbing.


We show how to decompose a Lagrangian for reducible massless bosonic Higher Spin modes into the ones describing irreducible (Fronsdal) Higher Spin modes on a D dimensional AdS space. Using this decomposition we construct a new nonabelian cubic interaction vertex for reducible higher spin modes and two scalars on AdS from the already known vertex which involves irreducible (Fronsdal) modes


The reconstruction of rotating-steam trays for gas-cleaning in a 75 t/h boiler was made with the integrated technology of desulfurization and dust removal. The performance after the reconstruction was tested. The optimal running conditions were found. The exhaust can reach the national standard. The dust removal ratio can be 95%,and the desulfurization ratio can be 65.5%.


The popular uprisings in a number of countries in the Middle East and North Africa in the Spring of 2011 were broadcasted live and enabled by local populations' access to social networking services such as Twitter and Facebook. The goal of this paper is to study the flow characteristics of the information flow of these broadcasts on Twitter. We have used language independent features of Twitter traffic to identify differences in information flows on Twitter mentioning countries experiencing some form of unrest, compared to traffic mentioning countries with peaceful political situations. We used these features to identify countries with political unstable situation. For empirical analysis, we collected several data sets of countries that were experiencing political unrest, as well as a set of countries in a control group that were not subject to such socio-political condition. Several different methods are used to model the flow of information between Twitter users in data sets as graphs, called information cascades. By using the dynamic properties of information cascades, naïve Bayes and SVM classifiers both achieve true positives rates of 100%, with false positives rates of 3% and 0%, respectively.


With the advances in biochemistry, molecular biology, and neurochemistry there has been impressive progress in understanding the molecular properties of anesthetic agents. However, there has been little focus on how the molecular properties of anesthetic agents lead to the observed macroscopic property that defines the anesthetic state, that is, lack of responsiveness to noxious stimuli. In this paper, we use dynamical system theory to develop a mechanistic mean field model for neural activity to study the anesthetic cascade. The proposed synaptic drive firing rate model predicts the conscious-unconscious transition as the implied anesthetic concentration increases, where excitatory neural activity is characterized by a Poincaré-Andronov-Hopf bifurcation with the awake state transitioning to a stable limit cycle and then subsequently to an asymptotically stable unconscious equilibrium state.


Usually the concepts of documentality,authenticity and factuality were not distinguished.Adopting the approach of semiotic and narrative,this paper tries to differentiate and analyze these concepts.This paper argues that documentality/fictionality is a framing judgment of narrative text,and authenticity/ falsity is a logic judgment of narrative text,and factuality/anti-factuality is a joint judgment between narrative world and the real world.The judgment of factuality links the narrative text to the experiential world,but it strongly relies on co-texts in the modern society.Significantly the factuality in the experiential world has been replaced by the phantom of experience,which was constructed by the co-texts,so all kinds of real problems of texts have been changed to intertextuality problems with co-texts.This phenomenon should be highly noticed.


Significance Women remain underrepresented in political leadership in the United States and beyond. While abundant research has studied the possible impact of gender stereotypes on support for women candidates, our research finds that voters also withhold support for women candidates because they perceive practical barriers to women successfully attaining political leadership positions. We find that providing Democratic primary voters with evidence that women earn as much electoral support as men in US general elections increased intentions to vote for women candidates. Our results suggest that women face complex barriers that prevent gender equity in politics, and these barriers can be reduced when voters believe that Americans not only want but also will take action to support women candidates. Progress toward gender equality is thwarted by the underrepresentation of women in political leadership, even as most Americans report they would vote for women candidates. Here, we hypothesize that women candidates are often disadvantaged by pragmatic bias, a tendency to withhold support for members of groups for whom success is perceived to be difficult or impossible to achieve. Across six studies (N = 7,895), we test whether pragmatic bias impedes women's access to a highly significant political leadership position—the US presidency. In two surveys, 2020 Democratic primary voters perceived women candidates to be less electable, and these beliefs were correlated with lower intentions to vote for women candidates (Studies 1 and 2). Voters identified many reasons women would be less electable than men, including others' unwillingness to vote for women, biased media coverage, and higher requirements to prove themselves. We next tested interventions to reduce pragmatic bias. Merely correcting misperceptions of Americans' reported readiness for a woman president did not increase intentions to vote for a woman (Study 3). However, across three experiments (including one preregistered on a nationally representative sample), presenting evidence that women earn as much support as men in US general elections increased Democratic primary voters' intentions to vote for women presidential candidates, an effect driven by heightened perceptions of these candidates' electability (Studies 4 to 6). These findings highlight that social change efforts can be thwarted by people's sense of what is possible, but this may be overcome by credibly signaling others' willingness to act collectively.


This paper is based on the session entitled "Measuring Drinking Context" that was held on May 12, 1997 at the International Workshop on Consumption Measures and Models for Use in Policy Development and Evaluation, Bethesda, MD. The session chair was Ronald Knibbe; presenters were Deborah Dawson, Tim Stockwell, Paul Gruenewald, and Eric Single; and discussants were Kathryn Graham, Thomas Greenfield, Thomas Harford, Michael Hilton, and Harold Holder.


In 2007, the Government of Canada selected Adaptive Phased Management as Canada's plan that provides for long-term management of Canada's used nuclear fuel in a deep geological repository, located in an informed and willing host. The Nuclear Waste Management Organization is tasked through federal legislation to select the site and develop and manage all aspects of Canada's plan. In May 2010 the Nuclear Waste Management Organization published and initiated the site selection process that serves as a road map for decision-making on the location for the deep geological repository. The Nuclear Waste Management Organization continues to lead the site selection process for a deep geological repository for the long term management of Canada's used nuclear fuel and centre of expertise. The screening down process is advancing and, from an initial starting point of 22 communities expressing interest in learning about the project, as of November 2014 14 communities are now the focus of more detailed studies. Preliminary assessments are underway with these communities, which is the third step in the 9 step site selection process. Preliminary assessments involve preliminary technical and social desktop and field assessments, engagement activities within and beyond the interested community and seeking involvement of Indigenous peoples and nearby municipalities in the planning and conduct of the work. The paper provides an update on the advancement of the site selection process. It describes the nature of the technical and social studies being conducted at this phase of work, including the progressively more detailed field studies which are the focus of technical work at this stage, approach to engagement and collaboration with communities to direct these studies, and the work underway to ensure the framework used for this assessment and engagement includes the range of priorities and perspectives of First Nations and Métis peoples and communities in the broader area.


This experiment studied the seed vigor of Linum usitatissimum L.under disposal of different concentrations of GA_3,IAA,NAA and 2,4-D for 12h(20±1)℃,7d,in incubator.Determined chlorophyll content,activities of SOD,POD and CAT,and soluble protein.Summed up the data with LSD method.The result showed that GA_3 could improve the contents of chlorophyll and soluble protein and the activities of safeguard enzymes,but IAA could improve the content of chorophyll and soluble protein and reduced the activities of SOD and POD.Content of chlorophyll and activity of CAT increased with concentration of NAA.Four plant growth regulator could regulate the growth of L.usitatissimum L.,and the GA_3 and IAA get the better growing seedling result.


AbstractObjective: To evaluate the abnormal signs found in the domestic animals (pets) of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) patients.Design: Retrospective study of the domestic animals (pets) of criteria-met ME/CFS patients using a standardized questionnaire which included patient comments.Setting: University medical center and ME/CFS support groups throughout the United States.Patients: A total of 127 patients met the surveillance criteria of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for the establishment of the diagnosis of ME/CFS and were included in the study. This group of patients had a total of 463 domestic animals (pets), of which 348 animals demonstrated abnormal signs and 115 were considered healthy.Measurements: Information from the standardized questionnaire was compiled and appropriate statistical tests, including mean, median, Z test, multivariant analysis, and Chi-square test, were used.Results: One hundred six (83%) of the 127 ME/CFS surveyed reported t...


Abstract : In this paper the interpolation by G(sup 2) continuous spline curves of degree n in IR(sup d) is studied. There are tau interior and two boundary data points interpolated on each segment of the spline curve. The general form of the spline curve, as well as the defining system of nonlinear equations are derived. The asymptotic existence of the solution, and the approximation order are studied for the polynomial case only. It is shown that the optimal approximation order is achieved, and asymptotic existence is established provided the relation tau = n - 2 is satisfied. These conclusions hold independently of d. It is also pointed out that the underlying analysis could not be carried over to the case tau = n - 1.


Perceptions of complexity from the Holistic Thinking Perspectives (HTP) [3] indicate that there is a dichotomy on the subject of how to solve the problems associated with complex systems. While some authors opine the need for new tools and techniques to solve the problems, others show the same problems being remedied successfully. This paper examines the situation, discusses and resolves the dichotomy with reference to the Hitchins-Kasser-Massie Framework (HKMF) and the HTPs. Building on prior work the paper then maps the management of complex problems that seems to work in the real world into a notional process. The paper concludes that (1) complexity can be, and is being, managed successfully if the correct paradigms are applied and (2) the various single-pass processes for solving non-complex systems are subsets of the existing Multiple-Iteration Problem-Solving Process.


We report a tubo-ovarian abscess due to Pasteurella multocida. This zoonotic infection was likely of ascending origin, as Pasteurella was also isolated from vaginal swabs.


BACKGROUND
Vasopressin is known to be an effective vasopressor in the treatment of septic shock, but uncertainty remains about its effect on other hemodynamic parameters.

METHODS
We examined the cardiopulmonary effects of vasopressin compared with norepinephrine in 779 adult patients with septic shock recruited to the Vasopressin and Septic Shock Trial. More detailed cardiac output data were analyzed for a subset of 241 patients managed with a pulmonary artery catheter, and data were collected for the first 96 h after randomization. We compared the effects of vasopressin vs norepinephrine in all patients and according to severity of shock (< 15 or ≥ 15 μg/min of norepinephrine) and cardiac output at baseline.

RESULTS
Equal BPs were maintained in both treatment groups, with a significant reduction in norepinephrine requirements in the patients treated with vasopressin. The major hemodynamic difference between the two groups was a significant reduction in heart rate in the patients treated with vasopressin (P <.0001), and this was most pronounced in the less severe shock stratum (treatment × shock stratum interaction, P =.03). There were no other major cardiopulmonary differences between treatment groups, including no difference in cardiac index or stroke volume index between patients treated with vasopressin and those treated with norepinephrine. There was significantly greater use of inotropic drugs in the vasopressin group than in the norepinephrine group.

CONCLUSIONS
Vasopressin treatment in septic shock is associated with a significant reduction in heart rate but no change in cardiac output or other measures of perfusion.

TRIAL REGISTRY
ISRCTN Register; No.: ISRCTN94845869; URL: www.isrctn.org


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It is shown that evidence on cosmic-ray showers of energy 3 x 10/sup 16/ to 10/sup 20/ eV indicates that scaling in the fragmentation region is valid up to the highest energies if (and only if) hadron-air inelastic cross sections continue to rise in the manner observed at lower energies. It is also shown, with use of additional air-shower evidence, that , the logarithmic mean primary mass number, changes from (4 +- 2) at 1.6 x 10/sup 15/ eV to (0/sup +0.6//sub -/0) at the above 3 x 10/sup 16/ eV.


Objective. To compare the antimicrobial effect of 2% tetracycline gel and 0,12% chlorhexidine gel on the dental biofilm of healing abutments on dental implants. Methods. This was an in vitro experimental cross-sectional study. Twenty-five biofilm samples were taken from the dental biofilm present on the area in contact with mucosa and the peri-implant groove of healing abutments of 19 patients. The samples were sowed in Petri dishes with Schaedler agar, three wells were made with a sterile punch and in each one tetracycline 2% in gel, 0,12% chlorhexidine in gel, and distilled water were placed in equal quantities. Then Petri dishes were incubated at 37 °C in an anaerobic medium for 48 hours after which inhibition halos were measured. Results. Both gels were inhibitors of dental biofilm growth. Tetracycline 2% in gel obtained larger diameters of inhibition halos than chlorhexidine 0,12% in gel, with a maximum of 51 mm and 17 mm respectively and a minimum of 21 mm and 10 mm, with means of 35 mm and 12.84 mm respectively. Conclusions. Tetracycline at 2% in gel had a higher antimicrobial effect than 0,12% in gel chlorhexidine on dental biofilm taken from healing abutments of


We consider the problem of learning Bayesian network classifiers that maximize the marginover a set of classification variables. We find that this problem is harder for Bayesian networks than for undirected graphical models like maximum margin Markov networks. The main difficulty is that the parameters in a Bayesian network must satisfy additional normalization constraints that an undirected graphical model need not respect. These additional constraints complicate the optimization task. Nevertheless, we derive an effective training algorithm that solves the maximum margin training problem for a range of Bayesian network topologies, and converges to an approximate solution for arbitrary network topologies. Experimental results show that the method can demonstrate improved generalization performance over Markov networks when the directed graphical structure encodes relevant knowledge. In practice, the training technique allows one to combine prior knowledge expressed as a directed (causal) model with state of the art discriminative learning methods.


Using a spread of PG(3; p) and certain projective two-weight codes, we give a general construction of Hadamard diierence sets in groups H (Z p) 4 , where H is either the Klein 4-group or the cyclic group of order 4, and p is an odd prime. In the case p 3 (mod 4), we use an ovoidal bration of PG(3; p) to construct Hadamard diierence sets, this construction includes Xia's construction of Hadamard diierence sets as a special case. In the case p 1 (mod 4), we construct new reversible Hadamard diierence sets by explicitly constructing the two-weight codes needed in our general construction method. Using a well-known composition theorem, we conclude that there exist Hadamard diierence sets with parameters (4m 2 ; 2m 2 ? m; m 2 ? m), where m = 2 a 3 b 5 2c 1 13 2c 2 17 2c 3 p 2 1 p 2 2 p 2 t with a; b; c 1 ; c 2 ; c 3 positive integers, and where each p j is a prime congruent to 3 modulo 4, 1 j t.


The seed borne myco-flora of 10 varieties of chickpea, Vijay, Jaki-9218, ICCC-37, Digvijay, PKV Kabuli-2, Vihar, Virat, Saki-9516, AKGS-1 and Gujarat-1 collected from different location of Maharashtra were examined by blotter method ,agar plate method, deep freezing and 2-4 D method as recommended by ISTA. A total of six genera of fungi viz. Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium spp. Rhizopus spp., Curvullaria lunata and Rhizoctonia bataticola were reported. Among them Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizopus spp. were predominant to all seed samples. Amongst the methods used for detection of seed borne fungi, the blotter paper method is more effective followed by agar plate method, deep freeze method and 2, 4-D method.


Thin films of zirconia have been deposited using a reactive electron beam evaporation technique onto unheated alumina and fused silica substrates. The films were post annealed in the range $300-850^0C$. The influence of post-deposition conditions on the optical properties like refractive index and absorption and nonoptical properties like structure have been studied. The structural transitions were determined using infrared (IR) absorption and x-ray diffraction. Preliminary results of studies on the correlation between x-ray diffraction and IR absorption data for structural characterization are reported. It has been shown that the refractive index values change considerably with each structural transition, although the optical absorption does not seem to be very adversely affected by post-deposition annealing. Post-deposition annealing resulted in the formation of the cubic phase at $500^0C$ which transformed to the tetragonal phase at $700^0C$ and finally monoclinic phase at $800^0C$. The above-mentioned phases were only the major phases and post-deposition annealing did not result in single-phase material.


Morris is ginger and very fat. He's a cat who loves snoozing and eating...but that won't catch him a mouse. Another lively story for beginner readers about this lovable puss. Morris is good at licking and purring. His mother wants him to be good at running and jumping, and bouncing and pouncing. For Morris is fat...too fat. Mum says "no more food until you have caught a mouse" But how will Morris ever catch a mouse when all he dreams about is food. But there's a mouse in the house whose mother thinks he's too fat as well. And until he's been chased by a cat, he knows he won't get thin. So Morris and the mouse come to an agreement whereby they get their food without even flexing a muscle! Wonderfully inventive text and perfect for beginner readers from this well-known author.


The use of private vehicles that increases continuously due to the poor of public transport services is one of the causes of congestion. To solve this problem, the City Government of Banda Aceh provides Trans Koetaradja Bus. The limitations of existing public transport services in the city of Banda Aceh caused the community to attempt facilitate their own movements with private vehicles. So that the development of Trans Kutaraja is faced with the challenge of how Trans Kutaraja is able to attract private vehicle users who are the majority of road user in the city of Banda Aceh. therefore, it is important to know how the user respondses to the service quality of Trans Kutaraja. This study aims to analyze the quality of Trans Koetaradja Bus services and determine the quality of Trans Koetaradja Bus services of attributes that are prioritized based on the perception of the users of Trans Koetaradja Bus by using the Importance Performance Analysis Method consisting of quadrant analysis and gap analysis. From the results of the quadrant analysis the IPA method for Trans Koetaradja users is more focused on the factors that most influence on the quality of bus services. It can be seen from the indicators located in quadrant I (top priority) consisting of indicators such as the availability of trash can at the bus stop, ease of obtaining information related to the route and time of bus arrival, the accuracy of bus travel schedules, time speed spent on bus trips from one point to another and the time period of arrival between one fleet and another.


This study compares average labour productivity, capital intensity, wages, skill intensity, foreign labour dependence, and trade propensities in Japanese firms and other firms in Thai land's non-oil manufacturing industries in 1990. Firm-level analysis reveals that Japanese firms tend to be relatively capital intensive compared to all other firm groups, pay higher wages compared to local firms as do other foreign firms, be less skill intensive than firms from developed economies, and depend more on foreign workers than do local firms or other developed economy firms, though this dependence is even higher in developing economy firms. All firms with high foreign ownership shares had relatively large export propensities. However, there were few differences between local firms and foreign firms in labour produc tivity and import propensities. Results thus indicate that Japanese multinationals may not differ that much from other multinationals in many respects, despite obvious differences in corporate structures and practices.


This paper analyses the situation of the cost,fee and reimbursement of community health service in 12 cities in Shanxi,Hebei,Jiangsu and Guangdong provinces.In order to control the cost and perfect the reimbursement mechanism and policy of community health service,some suggestion about the existing problems are put forward.


Abstract The presence of low oxygen conditions in extensive areas of the continental shelf off central-south Chile has important effects on the biochemical adaptations of the organisms living in this ecosystem. Polychaetes assemblages cohabit on the shelf with an extensively distributed prokaryotic community made up of giant filamentous sulfur bacteria (mainly Thioploca sp.). The aim of this research was to characterize the pyruvate oxidoreductases enzymes involved in the biochemical adaptation of these benthic polychaetes. Nine polychaete species ( Paraprionospio pinnata , Nephtys ferruginea , Glycera americana, Haploscoloplos sp., Lumbrineris composita , Sigambra bassi , Aricidea pigmentata , Cossura chilensis , and Pectinaria chilensis ) were assayed for lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), octopine dehydrogenase (OPDH), strombine dehydrogenase (STRDH) and alanopine dehydrogenase (ALPDH). Each species had a characteristic number of the pyruvate oxidoreductases assayed ranging from 4 in Paraprionospio pinnata to 1 in Pectinaria chilensis . The pyruvate saturation curves obtained for the enzymes from all species analysed, except L. composita , suggest that NADH can be oxidized at different rates depending on the amino acid used in the reaction with pyruvate. Our results indicate that organisms having more that one pyruvate oxidoreductase present a greater metabolic capacity to cope with functional and environmental hypoxia because these enzymes would better regulate the pyruvate consumption rate during the transition period. Thus, the dominance of Paraprionospio pinnata in the study area and its worldwide distribution is consistent with its higher number of pyruvate oxidoreductases with different pyruvate consumption rates involved in anaerobic metabolism. Finally, a positive allometric relationship was found between body size and the specific activity of ALPDH, STRDH, and maximum pyruvate oxidoreductase specific activity. This latter result suggests a positive scaling of the specific anaerobic metabolism in polychaetes.


The localization of endogenous estrogen was examined in 37 specimens from colorectal cancer tissue and 28 specimens from adenomatous polyp tissue in the colon and rectum by immunoperoxidase technique.


While Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense) is notorious as an aggressive, invasive non-native weed in agricultural fields, grasslands, and roadsides throughout North America, it has not typically posed a threat to boreal forests. However, in the balsam fir (Abies balsamea) -dominated lowland boreal forests in Gros Morne National Park (GMNP- Newfoundland, Canada), Canada thistle has recently invaded natural areas on a large landscape scale, occurring in 42% to 55% of anthropogenic and natural forest gaps, respectively, and frequently forming dense monocultures. It is important to determine if and how Canada thistle invasion will affect regeneration of native trees, particularly since regeneration of gaps in GMNP is already threatened by non-native, hyperabundant moose (Alces alces) populations, which exert extreme browsing pressure on forests. This study assessed the condition of forest gaps to support conifer regeneration by describing the current level of balsam fir regeneration, quality of seedbeds, and degree of Canada thistle invasion. Balsam fir seed and seedling addition experiments were performed in gaps to determine the effect of thistle presence on emergence, growth, and survival of balsam fir. Finally, the potential for allelopathic impacts on native conifers from Canada thistle was assessed in greenhouse experiments. Results revealed that gaps are not regenerating, contain poor seedbeds for conifer recruitment, and are heavily disturbed by moose browsing. Canada thistle invasion further threatens balsam fir emergence and early seedling survival. However, older, transplanted fir seedlings were not negatively affected by thistle, suggesting that seedling planting may be an effective management strategy to encourage fir regeneration in thistle-invaded gaps, and potentially even phase out shade-intolerant thistle plants over time.


Background: Plasmodium vivax is generally benign and complications leading to significant morbidity and mortality are uncommon,but in recent times it is being seen increasingly as complicated disease in various manifestations. Studies done on this increasing virulence of P. Vivax in children, are very rare. Objectives: This study was done with the intention of finding out spectrum of severe malaria complicationswhich are associated with P. vivax in children.Patients with mixed malarial infection were excluded by appropriate tests, to improve the diagnostic accuracy. The present study was focused on the pediatric population with a sample size of 30 subjects. Material and Methods : This was an observational retrospective analysis of the clinicopathologic manifestations of the Pediatric cases which were admitted with severe malaria due to a mono-infection with Plasmodium vivax, in a tertiary-care centre in the Uttar Pradesh, India. The diagnosis of the mono-infection with P. Vivax malaria was established by making peripheral blood films (PBFs) or by doing rapid diagnostic tests or by both methods. The severe forms of malaria were categorized as per the World Health Organization guidelines and the clinical and laboratory findings in these cases of complicated malaria were studied. A descriptive statistical analysis was done by using the SPSS software and an Excel worksheet. Results: This comprehensive study revealed a multisystem involvement. Abdominal manifestations were observed in 22(73.3%) cases (which included hepatosplenomegaly, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly and ascites) and hepatic dysfunction and jaundice were observed in 9(30%) cases. The hematological tests showed moderate to severe anemia in 17(56.6%) cases and thrombocytopenia in 25(83.3%) cases. Petechiae were noted in 1(3%) cases and a gross bleeding was noted in 7(23.3%) cases. Renal dysfunction was noted clinically in 3(10 %) cases and biochemically in 5(16.6%) cases. Shock was observed in 1(3%) cases, cerebral malaria was observed in 7(23.3%) cases and hypoglycemia was observed in 1(3%) cases. Conclusion: This study shows that P.Vivax malaria can indeed run a course with numerous complications. This can be because of increased virulence which has resulted in the changing picture of P. vivax malaria, considered to cause benign tertian malaria. Further studies should be undertaken to assess the role of malnutrition,concurrent infections and underlying diseases in patient with severe P. vivax malaria.


Email: email@example.com ABSTRACT Over the last two decades, the government has paid much more attention through imposing laws to minimize sexual violence against children. This mostly has been perpetrated by people close to them or extended family members. Accordingly, detrimental effects of such an immoral act case lead to physical problems and psychological disorders in children. Many cases are just the tip of the iceberg whereby disclosure has not been made because perpetrators fully know victims who always face threat in their lives. The interviews were conducted with three counselors and a key person or supervisor in the Regional Child Protection Commission (KPAD) to raise a concern about the victims, and to investigate the contribution of the KPAD in dealing with children victims of sexual violence. This study is undertaken as a result of the phenomena of sexual violence occurring in Bangka Belitung Islands Province. Field research with qualitative descriptive-analysis method was employed, and technique for data analysis applied a model of Miles et al. (2014). The findings showed that the contribution of KPAD in handling with victims of sexual violence against children includes providing assistance and advocacy, recovering trauma, boosting motivation, offering counseling, and giving assistance for legal justice technically and substantively. With the treatment, the KPAD of the Bangka Belitung Islands Province also provides the opportunity to assist the provincial government in facilitating the needs of the community who are able to contribute considerably to deal with the issues of sexual violence


During the recent years, since the start of coronary artery stent era not only coronary artery bypass graft surgery, but percutaneous transluminal angioplasty became common in patients with left main coronary artery stenosis. Mechanical complications of myocardial infarction, such as ventricular septal rupture, left ventricle free wall rupture and mitral regurgitation due to papillary muscle rupture, are straight indications for cardiac surgery. However, studies show that the age of over 70 years is a high-risk factor for cardiac surgery. In elderly patients, the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic cross-clamping time have a major impact on the surgery outcome. Therefore, strategies aimed at reducing the volume of cardiac surgery, should be more successful in elderly patients. On the other hand, elderly patients should be well prepared for surgery, and it should be performed when concomitant diseases are compensated. A case of 82-year patient admitted to the intensive care unit with acute myocardial infarction and chord papillary muscles partial rupture associated with severe mitral regurgitation, is presented. Due to the progression of pulmonary edema, mechanical ventilation was started and emergency percutaneous intervention was administered as a life-saving measure. Stents were placed in obtuse marginal branch, circumflex artery and anterior interventricular artery. Because of existing mitral regurgitation of 3-4 grade, after 2 weeks the patient was re-evaluated ex consilio. Considering relatively stable condition, mitral valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass was administered, which was successfully done. The successful treatment of this patient was possible because of the proper and timely staging of the patient's management.


Indwelling percutaneous catheter introducers are useful tools in the critically ill patient. However, their placement is an invasive procedure with potential complications. We describe a previously unreported complication of introducer use and the prevention of this complication.


The XSS vulnerability is one of the more damaging vulnerabilities of web applications, it could use to steal user accounts, horse attacks. The traditional XSS vulnerability detection tool is easier to be intercepted by the web filter, there is a big gap between the accuracy of the web application and the actual situation. To solve this problem, this paper analyzed the filtering rules of web system filters and security software, and an improved method for dynamic detection of XSS vulnerabilities based on attack vectors is proposed. This method bypasses the web system's filters and security software by way of mutating, obfuscating attack vectors, etc. The experimental results show that the proposed method improves the detection efficiency, and it has good performance in saving time and improving the vulnerability accuracy rate.


Cesium release, turbidity and airborne potential tests were conducted on 50 grams of TMI-2 core debris materials. The tests were performed on the debris in two conditions: on the as-received core debris specimen, and after crushing the debris to alter the particle size distribution. The crushing was intended to simulate the breakup of TMI-2 core material that may occur during reactor defueling. These tests are intended to assist GPU Nuclear in predicting the effect of defueling on the reactor environment.


Measurement of the heat gain from equipment in buildings is necessary in order to make accurate assessments of the impact of this heat source on cooling loads. Recent advances in the design of buildings and improvement of the thermal characteristics of insulation materials and building envelope systems have significantly reduced the cooling load from external sources; however, the addition of various types of office, laboratory, and hospital equipment to buildings has become a major source of internal cooling load. Since the manufacturers' power ratings, if reported, are usually based on instantaneous measurement while equipment is working at maximum capacity, use of equipment nameplate values for cooling load calculations may lead to oversizing of air-conditioning equipment, resulting in extra initial cost as well as higher operating costs. On the other hand, underestimating the cooling load may result in insufficient cooling capacity. Another factor affecting calculation of cooling load is the split between the radiant and convective heat load from the equipment. The convection portion of the heat transferred from the equipment to the surroundings is an instantaneous load, since it is added to room air by natural or forced convection without time delay, whereas the radiation portion is absorbed by themore » surfaces of the room and then dissipated over time. This article presents experimental results for the total heat gain and radiant/convective split from equipment in offices, hospitals, and laboratories. The nameplate vs. measured values, peak vs. average values, operational vs. idle values, and radiant vs. convective values are compared and discussed. Furthermore, a brief guideline for use of the experimental results by practicing engineers for estimating equipment cooling load is presented.« less


Background Electro-acupuncture (EA) has promising effects on diastasis rectus abdominis (DRA), defined as a separation of the two muscle bellies of rectus abdominis. To study, there is scant knowledge or scarce high-quality evidence. Objective We aimed to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of EA in treating DRA during postpartum. It was assumed that the improvement of DRA was more obvious in the EA group than in the control group. Design Randomized, controlled, blinded trial (Clinical Trial Registration: ChiCTR2100041891). Setting Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in China. Participants Females aged 20–45 years without a past medical history of pathological rectus abdominal dissection were recruited from DRA inclusion criteria from 42 days to 1 year postpartum. Intervention 110 participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to a control group with no EA intervention (n = 55), and EA group (n = 55). The EA group received ten sessions of EA combined with physical exercise or only physical exercise over 2 weeks with a 26-week follow-up after treatment. Measurements Outcomes were assessed at baseline, week 2, and week 26. The primary outcome was the change of the inter recti distance (IRD) and electromyographic evaluation of the pelvic floor. Secondary outcomes included elasticity of linea alba (LA), paraumbilical subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) measurement, body mass index (BMI), percentage body fat (F%), dyspepsia symptoms, menstrual symptoms, quality of life (QoL), pain performance of patients with lower back pain, postnatal depression symptoms (PDS), postpartum self-image, and DRA-related symptom assessment including urine leakage, frequency, and urgency, constipation, sexual dysfunction, and chronic pelvic pain. Results A total of 110 maternal (55 in each group) were recruited. The mean difference in IRD from baseline to week 2 and week 26 in all states of the two groups were reduced compared with those before treatment, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). The mean of IRD at the horizontal line of the umbilicus in the end-expiratory state was smaller in the EA group than in the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05) at week 2. The mean of IRD at the horizontal line of the umbilicus in head-up and flexed knee state was smaller in the EA group than in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05) at week 26. Five (9.1%) and thirteen (23.64%) adverse events were reported in EA and control groups, respectively. No serious adverse events were reported. Limitation The frequency intensity of EA parameters was selected between 4 and 6 because of individual tolerance differences. Conclusion EA is an effective approach to improve IRD, electromyographic evaluation of the pelvic floor, BMI, the elasticity of LA, paraumbilical SAT, and symptoms of DRA, with durable effects at 26 weeks after treatment. Primary funding source The Construction Fund of Medical Key Disciplines of Hangzhou (Project Number: OO20200097), Hangzhou Medical and Health Science and Technology Project No. A20200483, and Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Plan Project (Project Number: 2021ZQ065). Clinical trial registration http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx, identifier: ChiCTR2100041891.


Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) and its antibody (anti‐HBe) were evaluated using a sensitive radioimmunoassay (RIA) in weekly serum samples obtained from nine chimpanzees experimentally infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). In two chimpanzees with HBV infection with detectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) for less than five weeks, and in one chimpanzee with documented HBV infection with no detectable HBsAg, HBeAg was not detected; in all three, anti‐HBe became detectable early in the infection. In six chimpanzees in which HBsAg was detected for 16 weeks or longer, HBeAg was detected early in the infection; in five, anti‐HBe became detectable and HBeAg unde‐tectable prior to the clearance of HBsAg. The sixth remained HBsAg‐positive and HBeAg‐positive for more than two years and never developed anti‐HBe. These results confirm the sensitivity of this RIA and its value in predicting the course of HBV infections.


For Additive Manufacturing (AM) the product development process (PDP) differs from traditional, subtractive manufacturing with respect to additional process steps like positioning and slicing. Additionally the file formats necessary for communication with 3D printers are different from CAM files. They are often vendor specific and lack precision compared to the original CAD drawings. One intermediate file format is STL (STereoLitography), a tessellated representation of the original geometry with reduced geometrical information. In the PDP for AM multiple files are created. This includes files such as original CAD drawings, log files, slicing information and Numerical Code (NC) files. The need for archiving and consolidation of these files arises for reasons such as post-processing (e.g., removal of support structures), repeatability, error detection and research. We develop with this research an integrated file format that aggregates and integrates all files from the PDP. This work investigates what different types of information are created throughout the AM PDP, how it can be stored and retrieved efficiently, and how the format can be defined to be extensible for future use cases. The goal of this research is to develop a meta-file format that aids in accumulating all relevant data throughout the creation of parts fabricated or prototyped using AM without replacing or substituting existing file formats.


The Committee on Elections, Procedures, Ethics, and Constitutional Amendments was called to order by Chair Ellen Koivisto at 3:48 p.m., on Thursday, February 8, 2007, in Room 3142 of the Legislative Building, 401 South Carson Street, Carson City, Nevada. Copies of the minutes, including the Agenda (Exhibit A), the Attendance Roster (Exhibit B), and other substantive exhibits are available and on file in the Research Library of the Legislative Counsel Bureau and on the Nevada Legislature's website at www.leg.state.nv.us/74th/committees/. In addition, copies of the audio record may be purchased through the Legislative Counsel Bureau's Publications Office (email: firstname.lastname@example.com; telephone: 775-684-6835).


Rods contribute crucially to human vision and their dysfunction precedes cones' in several retinal diseases. Here we describe light-evoked, functional responses of human rods and cones, measured noninvasively using adaptive optics optical coherence tomography.


The aim of this research is to analyse the experience of benefit from so-called consultative group supervision of parental care supervisors of measures for the protection of welfare of the child. Three groups of respondents participated in the research: supervisors who participated in supervision organised or supervisors (N=8), supervisors who did not experience such organised supervision (N=8) and social workers from the Department or children, youth, marriage and family within the Social Welfare Centre (N=6). The data were obtained through focus groups with supervisors and semi-structured interviews with social workers in charge of planning and monitoring measures of professional help for parents. The data were analysed by the process of thematic analysis. The results show that to those who participated in supervision an important motive for participation was better performance of their supervisory role, but also an interest for a new form of professional support. The supervisors who did not participate in supervision mention refreshing their knowledge and obtaining support as important motives for a future participation. Both groups emphasise the importance of the exchange of collegial experience in supervision and the development of competences. All three groups of respondents stated that contents of supervision should contribute to the clarification of the role of supervisors, improvement of skills in their work and providing support in the implementation o measures. Both groups of supervisors, regardless of their experience in supervision, state that a significant topic in supervision is the safety of the supervisor during the measure implementation. The results of the research are an incentive for the development of a specific model of supervision for parental care supervisors, but also for their targeted education.


Abstract This paper reviews the extensive work pertaining to the creation of colour centres in alkali halides. After a brief historical survey the various mechanisms put forth to account for defect creation are examined in turn and the experimental evidence which supports or belies each of these is presented. After demonstrating from published experimental work that the defects created are of the Frenkel rather than the Schottky type and after consideration of the early stage, extrinsic coloration process, the Valey mechanism and its variants are discussed. Next, the direct displacement model proposed by Balarin is considered and, finally, the recent excitonic mechanism proposed by Pooley and Hersh is examined in detail. The conclusion reached is that, although the excitonic mechanism appears to be much the more preferable model yet proposed, a number of points need careful consideration and experimental study before it can be accepted as having general validity.


We demonstrate an all-optical wavelength-tunable regenerator for 40-Gb/s return-to-zero on-off-keying (RZ-OOK) signals using fiber optical parametric oscillator and amplifier. Regenerated signal with extinction ratio enhancement of 5 dB can be obtained.


Through purposeful introduction of malicious transactions (tracking transactions) into randomly select nodes of a (database) graph, soiled and clean segments are identified. Soiled and clean measures corresponding those segments are then computed. These measures are used to repose the problem of critical database elements detection as an optimization problem over the graph. This method is universally applicable over a large class of graphs (including directed, weighted, disconnected, cyclic) that occur in several contexts of databases. A generalization argument is presented which extends the critical data problem to abstract settings.


Submitted for the MAR09 Meeting of The American Physical Society Do Recurved Sensory Organs in Drosophila Form Through a Turing-Type Bifurcation? HUIFENG ZHU, Department of Physics University of Houston — We study the recurved bristles on Drosophila wing margin of wild-type and mutant.The expression levels of the achaete-scute complex protein determine the epidermal or neural fate of a pro-neural cell. In wide-type flies, the development ends in a state where a recurved bristle grows out nearly every fifth cell. Recent experiments have shown that the frequency of recurved bristles can be changed by adjusting the mean concentrations of the zinc-finger transcription factor Senseless and the micro RNA miR-9a. With reduced levels of miR-9a, mutant flies grow regular organization of recurved bristles, but with a lower periodicity. We argue that the characteristics of bristle organization are signatures of a Turing-type bifurcation which emerges from a uniform background in reaction-diffusion process, in continua. In contract, fly wing margin consists of a discrete array of cells with possible cross-species interactions. Further, proteins do not diffuse between cells. We argue that the intracellular actions can play the role of diffusion in a discrete cell array. However, the analogs of diffusion coefficients can be positive or negative. Intracellular actions should give a conserved cell number periodicity. We introduce a simple model to study pattern formation in such cellular arrays based on intracellular actions. Also, we observe that periodicity both in length and cell numbers from different group of flies. Huifeng Zhu Department of Physics University of Houston Date submitted: 02 Dec 2008 Electronic form version 1.4


We report the behavior of two ultrasonic transducers, each part of an auto‐oscillating Wein bridge, in contact with a high‐Q elastic body. In particular, we compare the behavior of the one‐ and two‐transducer cases. Each transducer oscillates erratically, and at its own frequency, when isolated and not in contact with the elastic body. When placed in contact with an elastic body, each transducer then stabilizes at a frequency close to the range of the original erratic oscillation, where it excites a ''mode'' (not necessarily a normal mode of the body) of the system. When both are in contact with the elastic body, a new mode is excited, and both transducers oscillate at the same frequency. They are locked to themselves and to each other by virtue of their mutual access to the same acoustic system, and the power output of the pair is, presumably, approximately 4 times as great as that of either transducer by itself.


This paper examines dynamic R&D investment policies and the valuation of R&D programs in a contingent claims framework. We incorporate the following characteristics of R&D programs into our model: learning-by-doing, collateral learning between different projects in the program, interaction between project cash flows, periodic reevaluations of the program, different intensities of investment, capital rationing constraints, and competition. We show that a firm may invest in multiple projects even if only one can be implemented after development is complete. Furthermore, the firm may significantly alter its funding policy over time. For example, it may simultaneously develop multiple projects for a period of time, then focus on a lead project, and potentially resume funding of a "backup" project if the lead project fails to deliver on its early promise. We show how a firm can forecast expected R&D spending through time for an optimally executed R&D program. While project volatility plays an important role in determining R&D program value, we find that for high volatility projects the optimal investment policy is not very sensitive to changes in (or misestimation of) volatility. In considering whether to accelerate development of a project, a firm should balance the adverse effects of increased costs and the loss of investment flexibility against the positive effects of rapid uncertainty resolution and accelerated cash flows. In the presence of a budget constraint that prevents the firm from simultaneously accelerating projects and developing projects in parallel, we find that, if one project significantly dominates another early in the development stage, the option to accelerate the lead project is likely to be more valuable than the option to exchange projects. Thus, the backup project would be shelved in order to commit extra resources to development of the lead project. Finally, competition from other firms leads to more parallel investment in the early development stages of projects, less parallel investment in the latter stages of development, and lower overall investment.


The oqxAB multidrug efflux pump,which confers high resistance to quinoxaline chloramphenicol and ampicillin,was discovered recently.This study investigated the prevalence of the oqxAB among Escherichia coli isolated from different origins and analysed the influence on resistance.A total of 655 strains were isolated in Guangdong province from 2007 to 2009,including 219 from swine,40 from bovine,205 from duck and 191 from chicken.All of the strains were screened for oqxAB gene by PCR.Susceptibility to 10 antimicrobial agents were determined by agar disc diffusion method.About 49.3%(108/219) Escherichia coli isolates from swine,47.5%(19/40) from bovine,60.5%(124/205) from duck,and 12.6%(24/191) from chicken were positive for oqxAB.The overall proportion of isolates harboring oqxAB was 42.0%(275/655).The isolate showed high rate of resistance to gentamicin,ampicillin,trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole,enrofloxacin,tetracycline,reaching 68.2%,68.7%,70.4%,77.9%,80.8%,respectively.The resistance rate of ceftriaxone,tetracycline and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole had no significant effect between oqxAB-positive and negative(P0.05).The oqxAB had significant effects on gentamicin(P0.05) and had extremely significant effect on ampicillin,ciprofloxacin,amikacin,chloramphenicol,florfenicol and enrofloxacin(P0.01).The prevalence of oqxAB is very common in China,which may be due to the overuse of quinoxaline.


Concentrating solar power (CSP) based on liquid metals as heat transfer fluid (HTF) offers a technically attractive option for compact efficiently operating power stations, which can flexibly provide heat and/or power to different grids at a simultaneous small resource footprint. Based on long experiences in research and development, the utilization of liquid metals not only reduce investment and operational costs due to the excellent properties for heat transfer and storage [1] but also allow for long service life times and environmentally low recycling costs. Safety concerns often expressed, in particular for sodium-operated installations can be mastered by efficient design, operation provisions [2] and innovative material solutions [3]. However, more flexible operation of future power plants located in grids of time-varying feed-in sources require larger temperature ranges, which formulate new demands on structural and functional materials, such as fatigue or failure tolerances, in order to avoid cost-intensive damages or even plant outages. On the other hand, higher temperatures enhances plant flexibility on a wider range for process heat applications. Here, the paper focus on recent developments in testing of equipment and materials for liquid sodium up to 750°C.


Within the field of Middle East women's studies, many scholars have analyzed the veil in terms of opportunity and constraint, confinement and liberation, imposition and choice. Veiling has, for instance, freed young women from the constraints of patriarchal families and community social controls to enable them to move about in the public space, enter occupations that previously were off-limits to such young women, and even to join the military (albeit with sex segregation still intact). Scholars note that the veil has been a symbol of cultural identity, religious assertion, gender oppression, and sexual mystery. The book under review describes the extent of this versatility in the popular cultures and print materials of both East and West.


ABSTRACT This study explored novel ways of using the media for education, especially second language instruction. Various combinations of visual and auditory presentations of messages were compared, for example, both written script and spoken dialogue in subjects' first language (L1), or script and/or dialogue in a second laguage (L2), and so on. Subjects were elementary pupils with advanced training in L2. The dialogues of radio programs were transcribed, permitting such combinations as: dialogue in L2, script in L1 (the normal subtitling format); dialogue in L1, script in L2 (reversed subtitling); both dialogue and script in L1 or in L2; and so forth. On L1 and L2 tests of memory, certain combinations (e.g., reversed subtitling) were much more promising for the development or maintenance of second language skills, or for literacy training, than was conventional subtitling. Theoretical and practical inplications are discussed.


Substation Automation System are widely adopting communication technology such as IEC61850 inserted of hardwired control which was earlier version of the system utilising simple communication methods. Moreover, the application of IEC61850 are increasing rapidly. This paper presents Reliability Block Diagram to assess the reliability of various substation automation system based on IEC61850 standard.


Nanoparticulate intermetallic compound Ni3Ga supported on SiO2 has emerged as a highly efficient catalyst for the hydrosilylation of carbonyls, such as aldehydes and ketones, at room temperature. Formation of electron-enriched Ni via alloying with Ga is the key to the catalytic performance.


Laboratory facilities for biology are designed as biosafety level 1, biosafety level 2, biosafety level 3, and biosafety level 4. Biosafety level designations are based on a composite of the design features, construction, containment facilities, equipment, practice and operation procedures required for working with agents from the various risk groups. Generally, biosafety level 3 means the facility that is appropriate for the experiments using pathogens which can cause serious diseases by aerosol transmission. The biosafety level assigned for the specific work to be done is driven by professional judgement based on a risk assessment, rather than by automatic assignment according to the particular risk group designation of the pathogenic agents to be used. In this paper, we introduced the biosafety level 3 facility operated in ADD(Agency for defense development). It contains the overview of facility, microbiological experiment, animal experiment, decontamination and waste disposal. Biosafety level 3 laboratory in ADD has served the vital role in the research of biological agents and antidote development.


Stochastic Computing (SC) is an attractive solution for implementing Low Density Parity Codes (LDPC) decoders due to its fault tolerance capability and low hardware requirements. However, in practical implementations, SC efficiency is limited by the Stochastic Bitstream (SB) length and by the computation inaccuracies due to non-unique SB representations. In this paper, rather than statically fixing the SB length at run-time, we propose a Dynamic Bitstream Length Scaling (DBLS) technique, which adjusts on-the-fly the SB length such that Quality of Service requirements for energy efficient LDPC decoding are fulfilled. In this way, depending on the communication channel condition, different SB lengths are adaptively utilized such that the best decoding performance vs energy consumption tradeoff is achieved. To evaluate the DBLS practical implications we selected an (1296,648) LDPC with dv=3 and dc=6 and implemented our approach and the best state-of-the-art stochastic LDPC decoder with 64-bit edge memory on a Virtex-7 FPGA. Experimental results indicate that our proposal requires 9% more FFs and 3% more LUTs while diminishing the energy consumption by 31-80% and providing 1.5-5.1x higher throughput.


This study is aiming to show the impacts of Schiphol airport on the Amsterdam Region.
Previous researches have demonstrated several impacts on the region of Amsterdam but they did not mention the possibility of negative impacts. This research is demonstrating the positive effect on the employment, the benefits coming from tourism and the business attractiveness of the area. Subsequently, three possible negative impacts are illustrated: airport CO2 emission, housing prices and noise pollution. The analysis shows that the CO2 emission and noise pollution are, indeed, negative impacts and shows that the further away is the airport, the higher the housing prices are.


According to the World Health Organization, 60-90% of children and nearly 100% of adults worldwide suffer from dental decay (caries), which occurs via the progressive dissolution of dental enamel. Human dental enamel is the hardest tissue in the body and plays a vital role in protecting teeth from wear and chemical attacks. It consists of a mineral phase, mainly in the form of highly oriented ribbon-like nanowires of carbonated hydroxyapatite [1].


The dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is a well-accepted power transformer predictive maintenance technique. However, despite the importance of the technique, classical diagnostic methods were developed from observations of simplified thermodynamic and compositional models. This paper presents the development of a DGA diagnostic method based on a thermodynamic model that includes a contribution inspired on the kinetics of the process. The performances of the new phenomenological proposition and of classical DGA diagnostic methods are compared and discussed. Also, a general procedure for the application of the new diagnostic method is described.


This Ph.D. thesis studies the novel concept of Smart Decoder (SDec) where the decoder is given the ability to simulate the encoder and is able to conduct the R-D competition similarly as in the encoder. The proposed technique aims to reduce the signaling of competing coding modes and parameters. The general SDec coding scheme and several practical applications are proposed, followed by a long-term approach exploiting machine learning concept in video coding. The SDec coding scheme exploits a complex decoder able to reproduce the choice of the encoder based on causal references, eliminating thus the need to signal coding modes and associated parameters. Several practical applications of the general outline of the SDec scheme are tested, using different coding modes during the competition on the reference blocs. Despite the choice for the SDec reference block being still simple and limited, interesting gains are observed. The long-term research presents an innovative method that further makes use of the processing capacity of the decoder. Machine learning techniques are exploited in video coding with the purpose of reducing the signaling overhead. Practical applications are given, using a classifier based on support vector machine to predict coding modes of a block. The block classification uses causal descriptors which consist of different types of histograms. Significant bit rate savings are obtained, which confirms the potential of the approach.


Random relations are random sets defined on a two-dimensional space (or higher). After defining the correlation for two variables constrained by a random relation as an interval, the effect of imprecision was studied by using a multi-valued mapping, whose domain is a space of joint random variables. This perspective led to the notions of consistent and non-consistent marginals, which parallel those of epistemic independence, and unknown interaction and epistemic independence for random sets, respectively. The calculation of the correlation bounds entails solving two optimisation problems that are NP-hard. When the entire random relation is available, it is shown that the hypothesis of non-consistent marginals leads to correlation bounds that are much larger (four orders of magnitude in some cases) than those obtained under the hypothesis of consistent marginals; this hierarchy parallels the hierarchy between probability bounds for unknown interaction and strong independence, respectively. Solutions of the optimisation problems were found at the extremes of their feasible intervals in 80–100% of the cases when non-consistent marginals were assumed, but this range became 75–84% when consistent marginals were assumed. When only the marginals are available, there is a complete loss of knowledge in the correlation, and the correlation interval is nearly vacuous or vacuous (i.e. [ − 1,1]) even if the measurements are sufficiently accurate in which their narrowed intervals do not overlap. Solutions to the optimisation problems were found at the extremes of their feasible intervals 50% or less of the times.


This study aims to grasp the perceptions of corporate board members in Brazil about the activities that guide the scope of work of the same, in particular the CSR, Corporate Social Responsibility. The intent is to answer the following questions: do corporate board members in Brasil have a broad view of the scope of their activities, engaging in strategic issues of the organizations? In this context what their perception regarding the issue of CSR? The study remarks the interrelationships among CSR, CG, Corporate Governance, and the role of directors. The main premise is that the CSR agenda is increasingly an extension of the CG agenda, so that it would be under the responsibility of Corporate Boards (ELKINGTON, 2006; INGLEY, 2008; JAMALI et al, 2008). During the field-level research, data have been collected from 128 counselors certified by BCC, Bank of Certified Counselors from IBGC, Brazilian Institute of Corporate Governance. Results indicate that directors do not consider relevant, in the scope of their activities, such as monitoring and control, but also the strategic activities and activities related to CSR. According to directors, CSR is justified because companies have the responsibility to go beyond creating jobs, paying taxes and profiting. This positioning reflects on the manner directors revealed to make their decisions. According to them, beyond considering the values and beliefs of the shareholders, they consider all that creates long-term value for the organizations. Directors would not only seek to remunerate the shareholder capital, but also to create and maintain value for the organizations so that they can operate sustainably. With these results, it is understood that this research contributes to the development of CSR and CG fields of study.


Summary 1. When mice bearing established, solid Ehrlich carcinomas were treated with pentaerythritol tetranitrate, there was an increase in the localization of Evans blue dye in the tumors. Epinephrine caused a decrease in the dye recovered from the tumors. 2. When mice bearing solid Ehrlich tumors were treated with pentaerythritol tetranitrate, heterologous antitumor serum (adsorbed) and normal guinea pig serum, 60% of the tumors regressed if treatment was continued for 5 weeks or longer. The administration of guinea pig serum may have been unnecessary.


Abstract : This Final Technical Report for the period from 1 December 1993 to 30 November 1997 presents a summary of research performed on two classes of materials prepared by the sol-gel method. The first class of materials is the Ormosils. Work has been carried out on the structure and mechanical properties of Ormosils and a model was presented to account for the dependence of properties on structures, especially for the rubbery Ormosils. The high temperature stability of rubbery Ormosils was found to be enhanced by the presence of small amounts of iron ions. A method was developed for the introduction of carbon black into Ormosils. Aerogels of 95% porosity were known to be extremely fragile. By the incorporation of poly dimethyl siloxane, the resultant Ormosils were rendered rubbery. The second family of materials investigated consisted of ferroelectric thin films. Single crystals of KNbO3 films were grown by the sol-gel method, etched to form waveguides and shown to emit green light when impinged upon by infrared lasers due to second harmonic effects. A theory was postulated which enabled the understanding of ferroelectric behavior shown by amorphous oxide films. A technique was developed for the successful growth of multilayed stack of alternating oxide films. A new family of organic-inorganic hybrids which showed ferroelectric behavior was discovered by the invoirporation of an organic dye, TDP, into the SiO2 network of a gel containing minute crystallite of LiNbO3 or BaTiO3.


Data gathered from publications, entomological collections and field observations along the last eight years, provide information about the presence of 40 especies of the family Meloidae in Comunidad de Madrid. Seven species are only known from collections made more than 25 years ago, while two species have been found only during recent field surveys ( Meloe rugosus and Nemognatha chrysomelina ). Two out of the seven species without recent records ( Stenoria apicalis and Meloe baudueri ) are represented in Madrid by one or two specimens, so that their current presence in the region may have been overlooked. This is not the case of the other five ( Meloe variegatus, M. cavensis, M. violaceus, Mylabris uhagonii and M. amorii ), which are represented by numerous specimens in the historical collections. Meloe variegatus, M. cavensis and Mylabris uhagonii , must be considered at risk of extinction, but if new specimens are not found in the near future they should be treated as definitively extinct. Mylabris amorii has been found in only one locality at the northernmost edge of its known distribution range, and the evaluation of its status depends on new information. Meloe violaceus has suffered and evident decline and therefore should be treated as Vulnerable. Five additional species suffered evident reductions of their distribution ranges in Madrid (Meloe brevicollis, M. autumnalis, M. proscarabaeus, Hycleus dufourii and Mylabris dejeani). Most of the recent records for those species are restricted to mountain areas, while the lowland populations seem to have been disappeared and consequently, these species should be listed as Vulnerable. If the current tendency continues they will be transferred to the Extinction Risk level. Meloe tuccius, a frequently found species 10 to 15 years ago in the urban area of Madrid can be considerered today as nearly extinct in the area, and therefore should be treated as Vulnerable in the Region. Increasing urban development, masive use of agrochemical products in roadside works, agricultural fields, golf courses, and gardens, and aeroplane treatment of pests, represent serious current threats for the populations of meloid beetles in Madrid.


This paper introduces the concepts, structure, characteristics, presents its situation in China, and points out some issues to the development of intelligent network.


The passive control of compressible dynamic stall has been experimentally demonstrated in a dynamically oscillating airfoil test at Reynolds numbers near two million and Mach numbers ranging from M = 0.3 to 0.4. A rotorcraft-type airfoil was retrofitted with a leading edge glove, and tested with and without integral molded vortex generators. Even at relatively low free-stream Mach numbers (M = 0.3 to 0.4), the dynamic stall process on the basic airfoil was initiated by a strong shock boundary layer interaction near the airfoil leading edge. When installed on the original airfoil, the vortex generators failed to control leading edge stall as the free-stream Mach number increased from M = 0.3 to 0.4 due to this locally supersonic leading edge flow at high lift. Although not successful in eliminating dynamic stall, the aerodynamic shape of the glove reduced the extent of a supersonic pocket near the leading edge and the subsequent shock strength; as a result, the airfoil retained trailing edge stall behavior during the dynamic stall event. Without the vortex generators, the glove switched the stall from leading edge to trailing edge, but did not alleviate the stall. The combined use of a transonic leading edge glove and vortex generators lead to the alleviation of dynamic stall pitching moments; the two concepts worked together to alleviate the severe pitching moments during stall, even though neither one was successful when used independently. In some light stall cases the adverse pitching moment associated with dynamic stall was completely eliminated up to M = 0.40. For deep stall cases, the adverse pitching moments were alleviated up to a Mach number of M = 0.375, however the method failed for deep stall at M = 0.40 for this configuration.


Spatial economic structure and regional economic disparities have always been a hot issue for scholars at home and abroad.In the context of a certain time,change in regional economic disparities can be used to show the evolution of the spatial economic structure of certain region.Coefficient of variation and statistical techniques were applied to analyze the evolution of economic spatial-temporal disparities and spatial economic structure in Chengdu metropolitan region by using county as a spatial unit and per capita GDP as measuring index for the level of regional economic development.The CVs curve for inter-county exhibit an invert U shaped pattern from 1999 to 2007 in Chengdu metropolitan region.From the temporal change of the spatial autocorrelation,we found that the Moran's I decreased from 0.70 in 1999 to 0.66 in 2007,which demonstrated that the disparity between rich and poor clusters was narrowed in the same periods.Moran's I scatter plot divided the 59 counties of Chengdu metropolitan region into four types(HH,HL,LL,LH), and the number of HH and LL counties increased from 18 in 1999 to 28 in 2007.By making LISA(Local Indicators of Spatial Association) map,we found all the HH counties located in Chengdu and Deyang,and most of LL counties located far from the economic center of Chengdu metropolitan region.From the whole Chengdu metropolitan region,the clustering effect showed a decreasing trend from 1999 to 2007,but in some areas,polarization effect is increased,and regional disparities were still significant.


Introduction: the article deals with the legal phenomenon of an additional conclusion on a dissertation that rarely comes into the focus of attention of domestic researchers, which is regulated in the Regulations on Awarding Academic Degrees and the Regulations on the Council for the Defense of Dissertations for the Degree of Candidate of Science, for the Degree of Doctor of Science. The relevance of the issue is explained by the ongoing processes of transformation of all the main elements of the state system of scientific certification. Purpose: to show the main elements of this institute, the problems of its regulation, including in connection with the changes made to the state system of scientific certification by Federal Law of 23 May 2016 No. 148-FZ "On Amendments to Article 4 of the Federal Law 'On Science and State Scientific and Technical Policy'" (hereinafter – Law No. 148-FZ), as well as the directions for improving legal regulation of this institute. Methods: system analysis, historical method. Results: the goals of the institute of additional conclusions on the dissertation are revealed; marked defects in the regulation of additional conclusion on the dissertation; given the significant changes in the state system of scientific attestation in connection with the receipt of a number of organizations right of self-awarding degrees, as well as the accumulated practice of application of this institute, the directions of its improvement are formulated. Conclusions: according to the author of the article, the institute of additional conclusion should not be abandoned, it may well be in demand in the future and in the activities of organizations, those who have received the right to independently award academic degrees. The current regulation of the institute of additional conclusion requires complete renovation.


The chemical composition of the essential oil of Platycladus orientalis and its resistance to termite were studied. The results showed that: (1) The content of the essential oil was high. The essential oil with fragrant smell had resistance to both termite and mite and could refresh the air. (2) Thirty eight components were identified in the essential oil. () The ethanol extractive of the tree species had absorption on the wavelength (268±2)nm and (411±2)nm of UV, which could identify the tree species.


In the evaluation of syphilis therapy with penicillin, it has become increasingly evident that the optimum treatment schedule has not yet been determined. The questions of solution versus delayed absorption or excretion preparations, continuous or discontinuous treatment, time interval, etc., are still the subjects of extensive laboratory and clinical investigation. In a recent study (1) we reported on a continuous schedule of syphilis therapy in which penicillin was administered once a day for sixteen consecutive days. In this plan, it is assumed that there is a continuous effective concentration of penicillin in the blood and tissues during the entire treatment course. This schedule gave excellent clinical and serologic results and compared favorably with the best schedules of syphilis therapy; however, the results were by no means optimal. The suggestion has variously been made that perhaps a broken schedule of therapy in which penicillin is administered at relatively long intervals may produce equally good results and perhaps it is not necessary to have a continuous concentration of penicillin in the blood and tissues to obtain optimal results. It was with this in mind that the present study was undertaken. In this investigation we are reporting on such an extended discontinuous treatment schedule in which penicillin-oil-beeswax (P.O.B.) semifluid type was given twice a week at intervals of three to four days. In this form of therapy it may be safely assumed that there are relatively long periods of freedom from detectable penicillin concentration in the blood. One hundred sixty patients were subjected to this form of therapy. The treatments were given in ambulatory clinic practice, and so mapped as not to interfere in any way with the patients' normal routine. The treatments were administered in the clinic at semi-weekly intervals, for an eight-weeks period. Each dose was 300,000 units of P.O.B.; the total dose was therefore 4,800,000 units. This is exactly that employed in our previous sixteen-day continuous treatment schedule. Of the total treated, 113 cases or seventy per cent, remained under observation


Cultural heritage is a multidimensional value category that includes not only historic, artistic and architectural excellences but also material culture, the excellent skills of local craftsmanship. The aim of the work is to investigate how design and crafts, working together, can help to enhance the value of the territorial cultural heritage: not only by redefining/updating the expressive products languages, but also creating new channels of distribution. The focus is a design research + didactic operation, dedicated to promote both the circuit of local Royal Residences and the material culture of the territory, through the creation of a museum merchandising collection. Research team has worked with the aim to promote historical excellences with new merchandising craft products developed by design students and local craftmen. The operation involved cultural heritage and crafts experts invited in several seminars and lessons, 150 tutored university students and 30 crafts firms identified by a territorial Consortium


A cost model is proposed to achieve the wavelength allocation criterion in WDM/TDM PON in this paper. By the cost model, the optimal number of wavelengths allocated can be evaluated in order to be up to the most cost-effective system state. The simulation results demonstrate the correctness of the above conclusion.


In this paper, we apply the concept of $t-$norm $T$ to fuzzy structure of $B-$algebras. The notion of a fuzzy $B-$subalgebra of $B-$algebras with respect to $t-$norm is introduced and several related properties are investigated. The direct product and $T-$product of $T-$fuzzy subalgebra of $B-$algebra is investigated.


Because of the suppression of 2′,6′-dihydroxyacetophenone(DHAP) to the combination of peptide with alkali metal ion and the advanced ability of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid(DHB) to ionize peptide in MALDI-MS,it is illustrated in this work that the best MALDI-FT/ICRMS is obtained when matrix is composed of 10 μmol/L DHB and 15 μmol/L DHAP.The scanning electron microscope pictures of matrix with different compositions show that the crystal of matrix composed of 8 μmol/L DHB and 3 μmol/L DHAP is in a dense stratiform state that is quite different from crystal of matrix with other proportion of DHB and DHAP.It is also demonstrated that thin-layer method is the best peptide preparation method with matrix composed of 8 μmol/L DHB and 3 μmol/L DHAP among dry-droplet and sandwich method.


1. The acidity of the cancer fluid of rat sarcoma 10 generally increases with the age of the tumor. 2. It is not possible to correlate increase in acidity with rate of growth of tumor. 3. The tumor fluid is under a higher CO 2 tension than the blood.


Submitted for the MAR10 Meeting of The American Physical Society Finite Difference Solution of the Quantum Wigner Function in the Presence of a Magnetic Field: PML Absorbing Boundary Condition TOMAS MATERDEY, University of Massachusetts Boston — Numerical results using a perfectly matching layer (PML) absorbing boundary condition for the finitedifference time evolution of the quantum Vlasov equation are presented. Comparisons with previous results based on the constant flux approach are discussed. Tomas Materdey University of Massachusetts Boston Date submitted: 20 Nov 2009 Electronic form version 1.4


Historically Wushu was generated and development in the context of agricultural economics.Wushu actually started to get in touch with "modernization" in the late of the last century.In the new century Wushu is faced to the world that has been developing fast.What is called "modernization" is that advanced science and technology must be possessed.There are two aspects of problem need to be resolved in the discussion of Wushu modernization,including transferring the concepts;enhancing Wushu modernization through informationization.Four necessary conversions of concept and information were proposed in this research,including informationization is the key of Wushu development that is the essential route of Wushu modernization keeping pace with the times.Accordingly it is suggested that we should establish this idea and put into practices as soon as possible.


With the rapid development of the Internet of Things and wearable electronic devices, China is about to enter the 5G era. The current materials have been difficult to meet the production needs of flexible antennas working in the 5G frequency band. Flexible antenna sensors have received widespread attention because they can detect signal changes caused by antenna deformation. In recent years, miniaturization and high sensitivity have been the development trend of flexible antennas. However, traditional metal materials have disadvantages such as high density, easy corrosion, and poor bending stability, Can no longer meet the further development of 5G frequency band flexible antennas. Therefore, it is necessary to find a light and flexible material to replace the traditional metal material. Graphene has excellent flexibility, conductivity, and stability, once discovered, it has aroused widespread concern among scientists. This article mainly conducts certain research on graphene material, hoping to contribute to the development of 5G in China.


By examining two counterexamples to the existing theory, it is shown, with mathematical rigor, that as far as scattered particles are concerned the true distribution function is in principle not determinable (indeterminacy principle or uncertainty principle) while the average distribution function over each predetermined finite velocity solid-angle element can be calculated.


We show how to use EXIT charts for convergence prediction of a threefold serially concatenated system. The corre sponding chart has three dimensions and allows to appropriately select system parameters and to find an optimal schedule of decod ing iterations between the three decoders of such a system. Convergence thresholds are obtained to determine the minimal signalto-noise ratios for which convergence is possible. It turns out tha t threefold concatenated systems do not achieve any additional pe rformance gain compared to suitably designed twofold systems. We conclude that a threefold concatenation should be considered only when the decoders cannot be chosen freely.


Plate motions in Southern California have undergone a transition from compressional and extensional regimes to a dominantly strike-slip regime in the Miocene. Strike-slip motion is most easily acco...


Over the Darling River at Wentworth NSW is a unique table top lift span bridge. Originally placed into service in 1969, the Bridge has a vertical moveable deck incorporating four independent hydraulic cylinders. After 55 yrs of service, the bridgers lift span mechanism was due for a major upgrade and refit. The bridge had suffered recent history of short delays to traffic while the lift span was seized in a raised position. It was considered highly likely that a major seizure of the structure was possible, and that the consequences to the community from traffic and emergency services disruptions were very significant. The projectrs objectives were to upgrade the bridgers operating system, including replacement of the four large hydraulic cylinders and drive motor. In addition, safety and efficiency improvements to access and bridge operation were achieved. The major physical challenge surrounded replacing the four 9.5m cylinders inside the two hollow 15 m deep piers, with minimal interruption to both road & river traffic and minimal impact on the bridge structure. Computer modelling and a full size trial lift combined to give confidence that it could be done, plus innovative, purpose designed installation equipment was designed and built. A motivated team from RMS Fleet workshops and contractors combined to complete the $2.7 million project under a tight timeframe and other safety and environmental targets.


Objective To tady the importance of testing eosinophils of nasal mucosa secretion in AR diagnosis.Method The nasal mucosa secretion in AR was scraped,smeared and stained,and then the positive rate and positive degree of eosinophils were observed.The normal and non-AR controls were observed at the same time.Results The positive rate of eosinophils in AR was higher than the groups′of normal and non-AR controls;The positive rate of eosinophils in AR was also stronger than the groups′of normal and non-AR controls.Conclusion The eosinophils take very important part in the course of AR and eosinophils test of nasal mucosa secretion is a very important diagnotic test in AR diagnosis.


This paper focuses on developing to bring up various features for the distance learning system. There are various modules in this system, to provide extensive evaluation for distance learners . Questions are randomly chosen from the given set of questions in a random manner. The questions are taken from the database which has extensive student information system where the queries are formulated. The many number of students are attended test, here we use classification algorithm (C4.5) to classify the Students based on mark .the C4.5 algorithm which improvement from the predecessor ID3 algorithm .C4.5 Algorithm for test. It has to be both exact and comprehensible for instructor is to be used to make decision. Data mining, the extraction of hidden predictive collection from large databases. It is a powerful technology to help companies with great potential and it is focus on the important information in their data warehouses.


EDITOR,—Naomi Craft asks for further examples of secrecy surrounding health and the NHS in Britain.1 May I nominate the Access to Medical Reports Act 1988 (exemptions, section 7, paragraph 1)2 and the Access to Health Records Act 1990 (section 5, paragraphs 1 (a) (i) and (b))3? But these …


Development challenges transverse the countries of Africa. This explains why the continent has progressed with comparative slowness in the global community. Among these challenges, the phenomenon of elite corruption proves to be one of the most potent. The paper offers a flash of intellectual insight that simultaneously distils the conceptual orientation of the phenomenon of elite corruption and also unravels its various dimensions in the African context. To achieve the latter goal, the paper adopts the theory of rent-seeking. The theory does not only expose the conspiracy to perpetuate poverty by elites, it also reveals the mechanisms for achieving that end. The impact of this monstrous wave on the African development enterprise is also captured. As a way out, the paper recommends governance reforms that promote effective and efficient utilization of present and future public resources so as to prevent the waste and inefficiencies of the past.


Water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) double emulsion systems provide an innovative approach for the development of low-fat healthier foods. By replacing a proportion of the oil phase of a simple oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion with an internal water phase, the overall oil volume within the emulsion system can be decreased, with potentially negligible changes to its organoleptic properties. However, double emulsions are notoriously unstable for adequate periods of time, largely due to the existence of two oppositely curved water-oil (W/O) and oil-water (O/W) interfaces in close proximity. The present study investigates the use of Pickering stabilisation in order to enhance the stability of double emulsions. Pickering stabilisation mechanisms are reputed for superior, longer term stabilisation capacities when compared to conventional surfactant stabilised emulsions, but edible particles with Pickering functionality are scarce.

The work in this thesis explores the impact of introducing Pickering stabilisation to a double emulsion structure, initially at only one of the two water/oil interfaces (either W/O or O/W) and ultimately across the entire interfacial areas. Initial work conducted centred on investigating the role of a range of edible particulates as potential Pickering stabilisers in simple emulsions (both W/O and O/W emulsion types). Based on the knowledge gained from these studies, a range of Pickering-Surfactant stabilised double emulsions (with particles or surfactant stabilising alternate interfaces), using a range of surfactants, and Pickering only stabilised double emulsion systems were prepared and analysed in terms of their microstructure, stability and encapsulation efficiencies.


Many engineering applications are requiring smaller parts and increased precision for automation. The evolution of technology has led to a need for greater accuracy in the manufacturing of mechanical, electromechanical, and electronic parts. Automated micro and nano machining, welding, assembling, and requisite accompanying metrological quality control rely on real-time data from high resolution sensing systems. Applications in precision automation rely on sensing technology to provide feedback for stable grasping of objects and for localizing part position and shape. This paper examines the solid mechanics of plane stress and strain theory for varied load configurations and evaluates sensor spacing considerations for spatial resolution of tactile sensor arrays based on resistive strain measurement. A strain profile is presented to develop a method for using strain sensors to locate a line load applied to a surface and quantify its magnitude. The analysis is extended to distributed loads to develop an approach to using tactile sensors for part localization and shape detection. Introduction and Basic Elasticity Analysis. By positioning strain sensors below a surface and measuring vertical strain, it is possible to locate the position, magnitude and orientation of an applied load. In order to demonstrate how data acquired from strain sensors can be used to evaluate loading, it is helpful to first consider the simple case of a normal line load applied to the surface of an infinitely long half plane. By observing the effect of sensor depth on strain readings, methods can be developed to use strain sensors to localize load locations and quantify load magnitudes. The methods then apply to more complicated loading configurations. Figure 1. Sensor depth relative to a line-load on an infinite half-plane.