The article examines the impact assessment of law enforcement forces on the national security of Ukraine. Analyzed regulatory support service and military forces of law and order. Under conditions of a deepening economic crisis, disintegration processes which destabilize the polity, increasing contradictions between the interests of different social groups and strata of society are prerequisites for the emergence of crises of social, military, technological and natural disasters, exacerbating the situation, which have to act forces protection the rule of law while deciding the appropriate task to maintain public safety and order. Various issues additional tasks, dramatically increasing the amount of work there is a need of special management. The necessity of the establishment and functioning of the state system of forces law enforcement – a set of management capabilities of central and local executive authorities of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, which ensure the implementation of state policy in the sphere of national security that would be nationally ensured implementation of state policy in national security in peacetime and in times of crisis. The management system of state law enforcement forces should be directed and coordinated by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine through the Minister of Internal Affairs of Ukraine. State law enforcement system of forces should be composed of permanent functional and territorial subsystems and their links. Key words: public safety; security forces; combat activities; emergencies; the state system of law enforcement forces; functional and territorial subsystems of the state system of the security forces


This paper presents a Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based Standalone Wind Energy Conversion System (SWECS) with integrated Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) with Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) capability. A Model Reference Adaptive System (MRAS) based sensorless control of DFIG is used in this system for eliminating the rotor position sensor. The proposed configuration is designed to extract maximum power for a wide variation in wind speeds irrespective of the load variation. In this proposed topology by adding BESS, the power leveling, load compensation and harmonics compensation along with the voltage and frequency control are achieved. The control algorithm is discussed for both the voltage source converters (VSCs). A prototype of this proposed DFIG based SWECS is developed using a DSP (Digital Signal Processor-dSPACE DS1103). This developed DFIG is tested extensively for compensation of nonlinear loads under steady state and dynamic conditions at sub-synchronous and super-synchronous speed regions. The dynamic performance of proposed system is demonstrated for the variable wind speed operation.


Introduction. Autonomic disorders in the form of autonomic neuropathy develop in vibration disease already at the early stages. As the disease progresses, the compensatory mechanisms of autonomic regulation are depleted, which leads to a worse prognosis for life and an increased risk of sudden cardiac death in patients with a severe degree of autonomic neuropathy.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the severity of autonomic disorders and the preservation of compensatory reserves of autonomic regulation in patients with vibration disease.
Materials and methods. One hundred thirty six miners with a proven diagnosis of vibration disease and 60 apparently healthy men of similar age without complaints and who had never worked under the conditions of exposure to industrial vibration were examined. Heart rate variability was analyzed at rest and during an active orthostatic test.
Results. A decrease in the spectral parameters of heart rate variability in the patients with vibration disease was revealed. In a subgroup of the patients with an initially low level of very low frequency oscillations (less than 30 ms2/Hz), a decrease in the non-linear entropy index (less than 180) was determined; when performing an active orthostatic test, the power of very low frequency spectrum oscillations in the patients of this subgroup decreased by more than 50% of the initial values. In all patients with vibration disease under orthostatic load, a decrease in the oscillations of high and low frequencies of the spectrum of heart rate variability was revealed, whereas in the control group, the low frequency oscillation power remained at the initial level.
Limitations. The study was limited to the evaluation of spectral and non-linear indices of heart rate variability in 136 miners with vibration disease.
Conclusion. The criteria for a severe course of autonomic neuropathy in the patients with vibration disease were identified: an initial decrease in the power of very low frequency oscillations and a non-linear entropy index of heart rate variability, as well as a decrease in the power of very low frequency oscillations by more than 50% during an orthostatic test. According to these criteria, in 40.4% of the miners with vibration disease, pronounced violations of the autonomic support with a lack of compensatory mechanisms of autonomic regulation were found to be detected.


Tuning the Band Gap of Polyfulvenes by Use of "Handles" : On the Effects of Exocyclic Substitution, Benzannulation, and Ring Methylation.


Jengkol (Archidendron pauciflorum (Benth.) I.C Nielsen) is a plant that is already familiar inIndonesia and is widely used as a processed food that is quite popular. One of the underutilized parts ofthe jengkol plant is the skin. Jengkol fruit peel contains alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, tannins,glycosides, sapoinin and steroids or triterpenoids. The purpose of this study was to determine the contentof chemical compounds in ethyl acetate extract of jengkol fruit peel, and to test antioxidant activity byDPPH free radical reduction method. The results of isolation, purification in ethyl acetate extract ofjengkol fruit skin does not provide activity as an antioxidant. The results of the analysis using FTIRspectrophotometry, Gas chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Nuclear Magnetic ResonanceSpectroscopy ( 1 HNMR).


This paper presents an experimental study of a passive impedance matching interface based on a centimeter-size high inductance coil for practically enhanced piezoelectric energy harvester performance at low frequency. Because of the dielectric behavior of piezoelectric energy harvesters, vibrations of the low frequency range lead to large capacitive reactance values, which are impractical to be matched by use of common inductors for the achievement of the maximum power transfer conditions. For this study, PC-perm alloy material was used to implement a passive interface, which consists of a single toroidal coil, so as to match the impedance of a M8528-P2 Macro-Fiber Composite (MFC) piezoelectric patch at the frequency of 10 Hz. Experimental results of the performance of the implemented interface, connected between the piezoelectric energy harvester and a resistive load, are presented for applied strain levels and frequencies in the range between 480-1170 μstrain peak-to-peak and 2.5-10 Hz, respectively. The influence of the interface on the voltage, current and power transferred to the electrical load were examined and compared with the results from standard MFC characterization in similar working conditions. An increment of power equal to 94.6% was measured under an excitation of 480 μstrain at 10 Hz, in correspondence to a resistive load reduced by over 70%, being higher the improvement achieved at lower strain levels. Despite the active controls required by the state-of-art impedance matching techniques for linear and non-linear treatments of the signal generated by piezoelectric energy harvesters, the developed interface is easier to be implemented and doesn't need additional power sources, partitions of the harvested energy-flow or switching conditions to be satisfied.


This paper reports on the participation of FBK at the IWSLT 2009 Evaluation. This year we worked on the Arabic-English and Turkish-English BTEC tasks with a special effort on linguistic preprocessing techniques involving morphological segmentation. In addition, we investigated the adaptation problem in the development of systems for the ChineseEnglish and English-Chinese challenge tasks; in particular, we explored different ways for clustering training data into topic or dialog-specific subsets: by producing (and combining) smaller but more focused models, we intended to make better use of the available training data, with the ultimate purpose of improving translation quality.


The mouse 3'-5' exoribonuclease EXOSC10/Rrp6 is required for rRNA processing, gametogenesis, brain development, erythropoiesis and blood cell enhancer function. The human ortholog is essential for mitosis in cancer cells and its enzymatic activity is inhibited by the anti-cancer drug 5-fluorouracil. Little is known, however, about the role of Exosc10 during embryo development and organogenesis. We generated an Exosc10 knockout model and find that Exosc10−/− mice show an embryonic lethal phenotype. We demonstrate that Exosc10 maternal wild type mRNA is present in mutant oocytes and that the gene is expressed during all stages of early embryogenesis. Furthermore, we observe that EXOSC10 localizes to the periphery of nucleolus precursor bodies in blastomeres, which is in keeping with the protein's role in rRNA processing. Finally, we infer from genotyping data obtained with samples harvested at embryonic days e7.5, e6.5 and e4.5 and embryos cultured in vitro that Exosc10−/− mutants arrest at the eight-cell embryo/morula transition. Our results demonstrate a novel essential role for Exosc10 during early embryogenesis, and they are consistent with earlier work showing that impaired ribosome biogenesis causes a developmental arrest at the morula stage.


Eurosystem staff inflation projections seem to have become increasingly important in Euro- pean Central Bank (ECB) monetary policy-making. We believe this development should be viewed with caution. From a conceptual point of view it is doubtful whether inflation projec- tions meet the requirements of an "intermediate target". Moreover, inflation projections, based on economic analysis ("second strategy pillar"), systematically ignore the valuable in- formation supplied by monetary analysis ("first strategy pillar"). As a result, an increasing fo- cus on inflation projections could lead to frequent deviations from envisaged inflation and undesirable policy-induced cyclical swings of the economy. Given strong theoretical and em- pirical support for the role of money ("price gap") in determining inflation, it is hard to see the rationale behind an increasing use of staff inflation projections in ECB policy-making.


Aiming at the problem that mobile robot is always influenced by the environment in practical applications,a new method based on probabilistic model checking was proposed for path planning. The main factors of environment that may have an influence on the robot were analyzed. The motion behavior of robot was considered as an uncertain action,then Markov Decision Process(MDP) model was built. Meanwhile,the properties were described in Probabilistic Computation Tree Logic(PCTL) to express complex and diverse needs of behavior. The model was verified and analyzed on the PRISM platform for finding the global optimal path and quantitative data. The simulation experiment demonstrates that this optimal path can meet the mission requirements and collision-free and always avoid complex environment areas to ensure that the robots complete the task in maximum probability. The comparison experiments demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of the method.


The bimolecular single collision reaction potential energy surface of an isocyanate NCO radical with a ketene CH2CO molecule was investigated by means of B3LYP and QCISD(T) methods. The computed results indicate that two possible reaction channels exist on the surface. One is an addition-elimination reaction process, in which the CH2CO molecule is attacked by the nitrogen atom at its methylene carbon atom to lead to the formation of the intermediate OCNCH2CO followed by a C–C rupture channel to the products CH2NCO+CO. The other is a direct hydrogen abstraction channel from CH2CO by the NCO radical to afford the products HCCO+HNCO. Because of a higher barrier in the hydrogen abstraction reaction than in the addition-elimination reaction, the direct hydrogen abstraction pathway can only be considered as a secondary reaction channel in the reaction kinetics of NCO+CH2CO. The predicted results are in good agreement with previous experimental and theoretical investigations.


Has carried on the briefing to the system,introduced the development system tool,the movement is soft, the hardware request and the technical background.Then specifically elaborated this system function, in detail introduced the system module,the data flow chart,the movement result and the effect analysis.


Light properly points out that the federal service has been whipsawed by the latest fad in management re form. However, steadiness is not simply management reform. The length of service of political appointees influences the ability of civil servants to execute policy. The challenge today is that young college graduates have more choices. In addition, the programs have gotten more complex and difficult to manage.


The first Australian record of the lily thrips, Liothrips vaneeckei Priesner, is reported from a bulb farm in Warragul South, Victoria. It is an occasional pest of Lilium bulbs, both in the field and in storage, particularly in the USA and several European countries, and is also infrequently found in considerable numbers on the corms of orchids.


USE OF A TRYPANOSOMAL ANTIGEN ELISA TO MONITOR TSETSE AND TRYPANOSOMOSIS CONTROL PROGRAMMES IN KENYA. The capture Antigen-ELISA was used to monitor serum samples originating from three study areas in Kenya. At the Galana ranch the test was used to assess re-invasion of an area previously cleared of Glossina pallidipes. In Busia district the Ag-ELISA is being used to monitor the progress of a tsetse and trypanosomosis control programme. At Taita and Tara ranches the capture Antigen ELISA and the buffy coat technique (BCT) were used to evaluate the efficacy of a commercial Cypermethrin® dip for the control of Glossina pallidipes.


Though it is used infrequently, lymph node dissection with higher yield of lymph nodes is associated with lower all-cause mortality among patients with urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract who undergo nephroureterectomy.


We prove that the quotient of the group algebra of the braid group introduced by Funar (Commun Math Phys 173:513–558, 1995) collapses in characteristic distinct from 2. In characteristic 2 we define several quotients of it, which are connected to the classical Hecke and Birman-Wenzl-Murakami quotients, but which admit in addition a symmetry of order 3. We also establish conditions on the possible Markov traces factorizing through it.


Dielectric loss grew abnormally in the prophylactic test of capacitor voltage transformer.Dielectric loss was reduced to 0.045% and electric capacity was increased by 4.42% when the test voltage of the device was increased from 10 kV to 81 kV.When test voltage was increased to 100 kV,dielectric loss and capacitance no longer changed.Six capacitors were found breakdown by the calculation and disassembling analysis.Results indicated that the vacuum degree of capacitors in the manufacturing process does not meet the requirements,which produced partial discharge,broken down the capacitance incompletely,and increased the resistance,resulted in abnormal growth of dielectric loss.


We initiate the study of multi-field inflation using holography. Bulk light scalar fields correspond to nearly marginal operators in the boundary theory and the dual quantum field theory is a deformation of a CFT by such operators. We compute the power spectra of adiabatic and entropy perturbations in a simple model and find that the adiabatic curvature perturbation is not conserved in the presence of entropy perturbations but becomes conserved when the entropy perturbations are set to zero or the model is effectively a single scalar model, in agreement with expectations from cosmological perturbation theory.


Objectives Evidence suggests superiority of breast conserving surgery (BCS) plus radiation over mastectomy alone for treatment of early stage breast cancer. Whether the superiority of BCS plus radiation is related to the surgical approach itself or to the addition of adjuvant radiation therapy following BCS remains unclear. Materials and Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study of women with breast cancer diagnosed from 1994–2012. Data regarding patient and tumor characteristics and treatment specifics were captured electronically. Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were performed with inverse probability of treatment weighting to reduce selection bias effects in surgical assignment. Results Data from 5335 women were included, of which two-thirds had BCS and one-third had mastectomy. Surgical decision trends changed over time with more women undergoing mastectomy in recent years. Women who underwent BCS versus mastectomy differed significantly regarding age, cancer stage/grade, adjuvant radiation, chemotherapy, and endocrine treatment. Overall survival was similar for BCS and mastectomy. When BCS plus radiation was compared to mastectomy alone, 3-, 5-, and 10-year overall survival was 96.5% vs 93.4%, 92.9% vs 88.3% and 80.9% vs 67.2%, respectively. Conclusion These analyses suggest that survival benefit is not related only to the surgery itself, but that the prognostic advantage of BCS plus radiation over mastectomy may also be related to the addition of adjuvant radiation therapy. This conclusion requires prospective confirmation in randomized trials.


This paper investigates the structure of the replica-symmetric (RS) solutions for randomly-spread CDMA obtained with the replica method. The objective of this investigation is to resolve the apparent inconsistency observed between the RS solutions for the individually-optimum (IO) detection and those for the jointly-optimum (JO) detection: They appear to be inconsistent with each other in the limit of high signal-to-noise ratio. Our result reveals that the RS solutions have a complex structure at high-SNR regime, which has been mostly overlooked in the literature


© 2017 The Authors. We have developed a novel Markov Chain Monte Carlo chemical 'painting' technique to explore possible radial and vertical metallicity gradients for the thick disc progenitor. In our analysis, we match an N-body simulation to the data from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment survey.We assume that the thick disc has a constant scaleheight and has completed its formation at an early epoch, after which time radial mixing of its stars has taken place. Under these assumptions, we find that the initial radial metallicity gradient of the thick disc progenitor should not be negative, but either flat or even positive, to explain the current negative vertical metallicity gradient of the thick disc. Our study suggests that the thick disc was built-up in an inside-out and upside-down fashion, and older, smaller and thicker populations are more metal poor. In this case, star-forming discs at different epochs of the thick disc formation are allowed to have different radial metallicity gradients, including a negative one, which helps to explain a variety of slopes observed in high-redshift disc galaxies. This scenario helps to explain the positive slope of the metallicity-rotation velocity relation observed for the Galactic thick disc. On the other hand, radial mixing flattens the slope of an existing gradient.


Self-assembled InAs Quantum Dots (QDs) are often called "artificial atoms" and have long been of interest as components of quantum photonic and spintronic devices. Although there has been substantial progress in demonstrating optical control of both single spins confined to a single QD and entanglement between two separated QDs, the path toward scalable quantum photonic devices based on spins remains challenging. Quantum Dot Molecules, which consist of two closely-spaced InAs QDs, have unique properties that can be engineered with the solid state analog of molecular engineering in which the composition, size, and location of both the QDs and the intervening barrier are controlled during growth. Moreover, applied electric, magnetic, and optical fields can be used to modulate, in situ, both the spin and optical properties of the molecular states. We describe how the unique photonic properties of engineered Quantum Dot Molecules can be leveraged to overcome long-standing challenges to the creation of scalable quantum devices that manipulate single spins via photonics.


Huge amount of wastes are being generated, and even though the incineration process reduce the mass of wastes to a large extent, large amount of residues are still remain. The sustainable development of the system should decrease the waste-to-energy ratio continuously through the planned reuse of materials. This paper reviews the existing studies on recycling municipal and construction solid waste for the manufacture of Geo polymer composites. The principal findings of this work reveal that municipal and construction solid waste could be successfully used into Geo polymer composites as an alternative in the forms of precursor, aggregate, additive, reinforcement fibres, or filling material. Additionally, the results indicate that although the inclusion of such waste might depress some attributes of Geo polymer composites, proper proportion design and suitable treatment technique could solve these detrimental effects. Finally, a brief discussion is provided to identify the important needs in the future research and development for promoting the utilization of solid waste materials in the forthcoming sustainable geo polymer industry. In summary, this work offers guidance for a greener approach to building – scoring favourably in environmental performance for being relevant to resource conservation, landfill diversion, and waste recycling.


Cosmetic packaging painting using an alkyd resin compound is to make a smooth, glossy surface and attract the attention of consumers. The generated waste is handed over to a third party and has not been utilized as a product, so it requires a high enough cost. This research aims to develop a waste management strategy from its source to its utilization into a product. The research method uses a block diagram of the production process to identify waste generation and opportunities for prevention and reduction. Waste arising from alternative uses is created into a product leading to zero waste. This approach provides economic and environmental benefits for the cosmetics packaging industry.


Six varieties introduced from the different papaya growing areas alongwith PAU Selection-86 were tested. The PAU Selection-86 was found to be promising. The plants of this Selection-86 were of medium height and started bearing fruits at a height of 103.3 cm from the ground level. Its fruits were large in size, oblong shaped with pointed tip. The flesh was deep yellow with melting texture. It gave an average yield of 50 kg per plant. The TSS of this selection ranged from 9–10.5 per cent which was significantly higher than all the varieties tested.


Apelin and its G-protein-coupled receptor APJ system and renin-angiotensin system have opposing actions on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, changes in renal apelin content after administration of losartan, an angiotensin-II receptor blocker (ARB), in renal I/R injury rat model has not been elucidated. Male Wistat rats were pretreated for 14 days with losartan; losartan+L-NAME, non-selective endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) inhibitor; or saline, then subjected to bilateral renal artery occlusion for 40 min followed by 2h (early) or 24h (late) of reperfusion (n=10 rats/group at each time point). I/R injury resulted in suppression of renal apelin content, and phosphorylated eNOS (P-eNOS) expression, that were more aggravated after 24h compared to 2h of reperfusion. Losartan pretreatment significantly ameliorated renal insult (as shown by decreased blood urea, serum creatinine, renal malondialdehyde, caspase-3 expression and histopathological scoring), which was concomitant with up regulation of renal tissue apelin levels and P-eNOS expression. Co-administration of L-NAME with losartan completely cancelled its renoprotective effect after 2h of reperfusion. However, some protection was reserved in late reperfusion rats. These findings suggest that the protection offered by losartan against early and late renal I/R injury is associated with induction of renal apelin content and eNOS phosphorylation.


Complete fault sample is essential to activate artificial intelligent (AI) models. A novel fault detection scheme is proposed to build a bridge between AI and real-world running mechanical systems. First, the finite element method simulation is used to simulate samples with different faults to overcome the shortcoming of missing fault samples. Second, to enlarge datasets, new samples similar to the simulation and measurement fault samples are generated by generative adversarial networks and further combined with the original simulation and measurement samples to obtain synthetic samples. Finally, the synthetic and unknown fault samples are severed as the training and test samples, respectively, to the classifiers of AI models, and the unknown fault types will be finally determined. A public datasets of bearings have been used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. It is expected that the proposed scheme can be extended to complex mechanical systems.


Abstract Background: Transgender/nonbinary (trans/NB) patients face stigma in health care settings. Health care professionals' training on trans/NB issues has historically been lacking. Interprofessional education (IPE) provides an opportunity to improve knowledge and attitudes across health care professions. The purpose of this study was to: (a) describe the development and implementation of an IPE workshop on gender-affirming care through a trans/NB community-academic partnership and (b) examine the impact of the workshop on student knowledge and attitudes. Methods: The workshop included a slide presentation on basic terminology and concepts, video clips of trans/NB patient–provider interactions, facilitated discussions of affirming practices, and a trans/NB panel. Nonparametric statistical analysis of pre- and post-survey data from 58 workshop participants measured changes in student knowledge and attitudes. Findings: Students demonstrated statistically significant improvements in knowledge (t=−12.72; p<0.01) and interpersonal comfort (t=−2.06; p<0.05) as well as sex and gender beliefs (t=−3.06; p<0.05) on subscales from the Transgender Attitudes & Beliefs Scale. The results demonstrated no differences on the human value subscale (t=−0.69; p=0.49) or on health care professional questions (t=−1.23; p=0.23). Conclusions: A community-academic partnership developed and implemented this brief interactive educational intervention, which can improve both knowledge and attitudes about trans/NB individuals' health among health professional students.


CASE PRESENtAtiON A 25-year-old female patient was referred for refractive surgery. Corneal imaging revealed no contraindication for surgery. However, having a high cup/disc (C/D) ratio, the patient was referred to a glaucoma unit for further evaluation and whether the cornea surgeon can proceed with refractive surgery. Table 1 summarizes the results of her baseline ophthalmologic examination. During a two-year follow-up period, the patient was monitored and various imaging studies were performed; intraocular pressure (IOP) was never increased and daytime IOP always remained under 18 mmHg at different hours. Optic nerve head appearance at baseline and final visits, which were carried out within a two-year interval, are presented in Figure 1. Baseline and final visual field examinations were likewise performed within a two-year interval and are presented in figures 2 and 3, respectively. The patient underwent optic nerve head imaging studies using Heidelberg retinal tomography (HRT) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) (Figures 4 to 6). Herein we present the opinions of five glaucoma specialists regarding this case; these experts will address the following questions: Do you consider this patient a case of glaucoma? Would you recommend laser refractive surgery for the patient?


C5 and C6 quadriplegic individuals lack motor and sensory function in their hands. Hand grasp can be partially restored using functional neuromuscular stimulation, but controlling the synthesized grasp is hindered by the absence of tactile or proprioceptive sensation. Some of the missing information can be recovered using sensory substitution, i.e., supplemental sensory feedback. The utility of supplemental sensory feedback for control of a hand-grasp neuroprosthesis is demonstrated using shoulder position tracking tasks and an object manipulation task. The results show that providing information to the user about shoulder position (which is used to control stimulation levels) or actual grasp force improves performance. A simple, general strategy is also proposed for developing artificial sensory feedback, based on concepts of stimulus type and magnitude. The feedback modality should be chosen to match the psychophysical representation of the impaired modality, and individual feedback stimuli should evoke sensations equivalent in magnitude to those normally evoked in the impaired modality. The strategy is illustrated by using it to develop a feedback system where a variable burst duration, electrocutaneous stimulus is employed as a substitute for the normal perception of grasp force. Cross-modal matching is used to determine the appropriate stimulus transformation functions.


The metabolome is the complete set of metabolites found during a biological cell, tissue, organ or
organism, representing the end product of cellular processes. Metabolomics is rising platform that
enables one to research global endogenous metabolites with low molecular weight in biological systems. On the other hand, an
acceptance of various analytical technique is predicated on procedures with successfully carried out for completely different
types of metabolites on which Liquid chromatography (LC) in combination with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) has
enjoyed a growing quality. LC-MS is the best platform for metabolomic studies because of its glorious sensitivity, resolution,
high throughput, soft ionization, and good coverage of metabolites. Also, an ability that can accurately and precisely
discriminate target analytes from high complexity mixtures in a sensitive and selective way. In this review article we have
discussed an omics and its different types, mainly focused on metabolomics and various application of metabolomics using
LC-MS analytical technique. Here we collected all information regarding applications of metabolomics known by LC-MS.
Highlight necessary pit falls in the process of metabolomics using LC-MS techniques and address multiple advantages of
implementing LC-MS technique over another analytical techniques for metabolomics during a varied approaches.


Previous studies have examined the use of virtual environments (VEs) for stroke and similar rehabilitation. To be of real benefit it is essential that skills (re-)learned within a VE transfer to corresponding real-world situations. Many tasks have been developed in VEs, but few have shown effective transfer of training. We believe that, by softening the real/virtual divide, mixed reality technology has the potential to ease the transfer of rehabilitation activities into everyday life. We present two mixed reality systems, designed to support rehabilitation of activities of daily living and providing different mixtures of digital and physical information. Functional testing of these systems is described. System development and user evaluation continues, some of which is described in a sister paper (Edmans et al 2004) in this volume.


[Objective]To investigate the effect of p-phenylenediamine(PPD)on bone marrow polychromatic erythrocyte (PCE)mutation in mice.[Methods]50 mice were divided into five groups at random.0.2 ml PPD in different dosage(215.00 mg/kg,107.50 mg/kg,53.75 mg/kg and 26.88 mg/kg respectively)were injected intraperitoneally daily for 2 days in 4 different test groups of mice.0.2 ml normal saline was injected in the control group only.The number of micronucleus in PCE of bone marrow were measured after treated with this hair dye and the number of comet and its tail length were determined using single-cell gel eiectrophoresis(SCGE).[Results]It is found that the PPD could increase the micronucleus rate obviously and a dose-effect relationship between PPD and micronucleus rate existed.[Conclusion]PPD had strong mutagenic effect on bone marrow PCE mutation in mice.


[Abstract]:
Some would suggest that when the pace of change quickens, increased are the pressures on individuals to enact different identities for different times. This appears the case for Technical and Further Education (TAFE) teachers in the Vocational Education and Training (VET) sector within Australia. The impact of neo liberalism on this sector has produced the new vocational discourse that positions TAFE teachers as certain kinds of teachers enacting particular teaching and curriculum within an education market. This chapter explores how the new vocational discourse and reactions to it, have created a binary between itself and TAFE teachers' notions of themselves and their teaching.


The present study was aimed to enhance breeding efficiency, parental genetic distance and conferring drought tolerance in wheat. Eight, diverse wheat genotypes were selected as parents, crosses attempted in a diallel fashion (excluding reciprocals) and 28 F1s developed. One hundred six F2 plants taken from cross between DBW 17 (drought susceptible) and WH 1080 (drought tolerant) were evaluated. Grain yield showed significant positive correlation with effective tillers plant−1, grains spike−1, biomass plant−1 and harvest index and significant negative correlation with days to heading and days to anthesis in F2 populations indicating the feasibility of improving grain yield. A total of 42 amplicons were detected in 106 F2 plants and the number of amplicons locus−1 ranged from 1–3 with an average of 2.10 amplicons locus−1. In cross DBW 17 × WH 1080 dendrogram was constructed and genotypes got clustered into eight major groups at the similarity coefficient value of 0.56. Cluster I included drought susceptible parent DBW 17 and cluster II had tolerant drought parent WH 1080. The markers showed 3.7 and 18.0% phenotypic variation in drought condition traits viz., effective tillers plant−1 and coleoptile length, respectively. Marker Xgwm573 was found associated with days to heading and days to anthesis and Xgwm369 with 1000-grain weight, coleoptile length and chlorophyll content.


The quality evaluation of agricultural goods are vital components in improving their vendibility and managing wastes. Fruit diseases present a persistent risk to producers and consumers. Precision agriculture can assist in making decisions on the management of fruit diseases by using computer vision-based approaches. Manual disease detection is highly challenging and it takes an excessive amount of effort, knowledge, and processing time. Deep learning is therefore used to better accurately diagnose diseases. In this work, it is aimed to present deep learning framework approach for quickly identifying the apparent defects in amla fruit. In the proposed algorithm, deep convolutional neural network model with marine predator optimization algorithm is used for optimizing the accuracy of disease detection in amla fruit. The structure of the deep convolutional neural network comprises components for feature extraction and optimum classification. The hyperparameters for training convolutional neural network layers are tuned by marine predator optimization algorithm. The efficiency of proposed model is evaluated and compared to other optimization strategies. The optimized deep learning model outperforms by providing greater classification accuracy when compared to the current approaches, according to numerical analysis, demonstrating its potential for accurate disease detection and classification.


This article, which draws upon material from a minor thesis completed for the degree of Master of Urban Planning, looks at the use of cognitive mapping as a research tool. Cognitive mapping has recently been developed in the field of Operations Research, management and amongst policy makers. This paper attempts to show how it may be applied effectively to social science research, particularly if used in combination with other more usual data gathering techniques such as questionnaires and diary recording. The article commences with a discussion of Personal Construct Theory which provides the conceptual basis for cognitive mapping. The middle section demonstrates the mapping process, and the article concludes with some comments concerning its limitations as well as its advantages over other techniques. The utilisation of cognitive mapping in settings other than research is also raised.


Some archaea and bacteria possess the Na-dependent membrane bioenergetics. Since this type of bioenergetics could apparently precede the H-dependent membrane bioenergetics in evolution [1, 2, 3], the reconstruction of the evolutionary histories of the involved enzymes is particularly challenging. Membrane Na-translocating decarboxylases, found both in archaea and bacteria, couple the biotin-dependent decarboxylation of carboxylic acids with the transfer of Na-ions out of the cell; thereby the sodium-motive force that can be used for the ATP synthesis is generated. To investigate the evolution of these enzymes, we have performed the phylogenomic analysis. This type of analysis, which demands completely deciphered genomes, is particularly helpful upon reconstructing the evolutionary histories of individual proteins in those cases, when these histories differ from the phylogenies of their host organisms [4]. We have analysed membrane Na-translocating decarboxylases with different substrate specificities (oxaloacetate decarboxylase, glutaconyl-CoA decarboxylase, methylmalonyl-CoA decarboxylase and malonate decarboxylase system). A representative sample of bacteria and archaea with completely sequenced genomes was produced; similar sequences of the two main subunits of membrane Na-decarboxylases (α and β subunits) were found by using BLAST within complete proteomes of selected bacteria and archaea; the phylogenetic tree of each subunit was reconstructed according to the domain structure. The evolutionary analysis of the reconstructed trees indicates, that the genes of membrane Natranslocating decarboxylaseswere horizontally transferred frombacteria to archaea and then were accommodated within archaean genomes as effective utilizers of carboxylic acids.


As soon as the bid to host the 2012 Olympics was won by London in 2005, and the plans to build the Olympic site in the Lower Lea Valley were announced, an inconspicuous yet steady stream of artistic projects started to interrogate the impact that the transformation of the area would have on its inhabitants, landscape and social life. This undercurrent of criticality, largely invisible to the mainstream, offered an alternative to the official account of the process – one that spoke of displacement, surveillance and the effacement of local history. Through a myriad of art works, images, events and discussions, an important space of dissent was produced in the lead up to the Games. The relational, collective and public dimension of these artistic practices is explored in the first part of this article, via an analysis of Jim Woodall's Olympic State project in Hackney Wick.


The purpose of this study was to compare the Mean Radiant Temperature(MRT) under two landscaping shade membranes, white and black, with those of natural outdoor spaces at summer midday. An additional perforated black shading net was applied and compared for the consideration of the practical application. The average MRT at the height of 2.4m, 10cm below the membranes of black, white, and perforated black were , and respectively, while that of open sky was . This indicates that a closer position to the darker membrane caused a higher MRT. At the height of 1.1m and 1.7m, the difference of MRT between the black and the white membranes was slight, while the value of white was unexpectedly higher than the black. The MRT of black perforated net showed the lowest value at every height. The black membrane absorbed more solar radiation than the white, which caused the greater release of long wave radiation and higher temperature near the membrane itself. In spite of the higher albedo of the white membrane, the higher solar radiation transmittance rate of which seemed to cause the slightly higher MRT than the black at the hight of 1.1m and 1.7m. In summary, the performance of the black membrane was slightly better than the white in terms of the air conditioning of the human related space around the height of 1.1m and 1.7m, when the shading membranes were at 2.5m height.


Rice is the major crop in Indonesia and the staple food for more than 90% of Indonesians. Given the vital role of rice, efforts to develop rice production are a priority, especially in solving farming efficiency problems. However, inefficiency is one of the major causes of low performance in Indonesian rice production. If farming has high competitiveness and efficiency, Indonesia is encouraged to be able to become an exporter of rice. As a result, national rice farming must continue to improve its competitiveness and efficiency. This study aims to determine the economic efficiency and competitiveness of rice farming in several provinces in Java, i.e., West Java, Central Java, and East Java. The data used in this study is PATANAS survey data obtained from the Center for Socio-Economic Studies and Agricultural Policy, Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture. This study used a quantitative analysis approach and analytical descriptive analysis. The level of competitiveness was analyzed using Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM), while the efficiency level was analyzed using the Stochastic Frontier Method (SFM). The results showed that rice farming in Java Island has a positive profit value on private and social prices. In addition, rice farming in all research locations has competitiveness as measured by indicators of comparative and competitive advantage as characterized by the coefficient values of DRC (Domestic Resource Cost Ratio) and PCR (Private Cost Ratio), which are less than one in the study period 2007-2020. The result of a technical efficiency study shows the average technical efficiency of three provinces in Java is around 0.82, and the factor input that significantly increased the technical efficiency was land and intermediate input.


Enhancing resiliency should elevate innovation and efficiency in biomedical research and development (R&D); however, compared with other professions, data on practice of resilience is lacking. Using the Benatti Resiliency Model (5 anchors: Well‐Being, Self‐Awareness, Brand, Connection, and Innovation), we surveyed professionals, including those in biomedical and pharmaceutical R&D. A structured LinkedIn questionnaire (March 16–May 23, 2021), surveyed each model anchor using five categories. One hundred fifty‐eight participants (~6% student/trainee, 18%, 27%, and 49% in 1–5, 5–15 or >15 years post‐terminal degree) took the survey (90 in biomedical and pharmaceutical R&D). Over 50% chose "always"/"often" across questions, except external influence or engagement. The question with one of the lowest "always" scores (~15%) was "I get feedback on my influence and impact in my career" in Brand, highlighting areas for leadership development and coaching. In the anchor of Well‐being, nutrition and stress management also received some lowest "always" scores (~15% for both). Connection and Innovation scores trended slightly higher in biomedical and pharmaceutical R&D. No students/trainees chose "always" in Brand, indicating evolution of brand maturity over time. Self‐ and survey‐assessed resiliency scores were associated (rs = 0.37, p < 0.0001). Our survey yielded actionable insights on Resilience, including "best practices" through an open‐ended question for one thing most useful to boost resilience in the survey and is the first application of the Benatti Model for crowdsourced research.


Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is characterized by often violent dream enactment behavior, such as sleep-related vocalization, screaming or shouting, punching, arm flailing, or kicking movements, that parallel the content of a nightmare or vivid dream. Diagnosis requires confirmation by polysomnography (PSG), which demonstrates its neurophysiological signature of REM sleep atonia loss (a.k.a., REM sleep without atonia). iRBD has been recently demonstrated to be a common neurological disorder in the general population with a prevalence of approximately 1% to 2%. Whether RBD is idiopathic/isolated (iRBD) or symptomatic, RBD is strongly associated with synucleinopathy neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and MSA. Even iRBD is strongly associated with symptoms or signs of an underlying covert syncleinopathy, with up to 80% of iRBD patients having nonmotor manifestations of autonomic, cognitive, olfactory, or visual manifestations, or "soft" motor signs insufficient for PD diagnosis of bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor, or postural instability at the time of diagnosis by PSG. Approximately 70% of iRBD patients develop PD, DLB, or MSA over longitudinal follow-up of 10 to 15 years, and currently there is no proven beneficial neuroprotective strategy or therapy to prevent the evolution of increasingly devastating neurological deficits. Given this, there is currently prevailing uncertainty about the utility of prognostic counseling for iRBD patients, who are at high risk for future development of a neurodegenerative disorder. Should we tell them about their likely future, and if so, what should we tell them? Prognostic counseling in iRBD is further complicated by how the patient presents and is given the diagnosis. In between 50% to 60% of patients, dream enactment is not the patient's primary clinical complaint or concern in the sleep clinic, given that they may instead first present for concerns related to obstructive sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, hypersomnia symptoms, or chronic insomnia. Previous research suggests that sleep clinic populations are unsurprisingly enriched for the discovery of iRBD, with approximately 5% of sleep clinic cohorts having an iRBD diagnosis. In another recent study, 11% of patients had another presenting primary sleep complaint and RBD diagnosis was elicited only upon specific questioning, whereas 44% of patients in this cohort were unaware of their dream enactment behaviors. These data are consistent with our clinical experience in sleep medicine clinics where RBD is commonly discovered in the history taking process, by screening questionnaires, or even as a secondary and incidental finding during PSG indicated for another primary sleep concern. As such, not all iRBD patients receiving a diagnosis are aware of their dream enactment; many do not consider it a significant concern in their daily lives and are less likely to be seeking prognostic information. For these patients, relaying bad news is much more difficult than if the patient had a primary focus on their dream enactment as a chief complaint. Despite this differential presentation, recent evidence suggests that iRBD as a primary/chief or secondary complaint follows a similarly poor prognostic trajectory toward acquiring overt neurodegenerative disease. Currently, there are limited data concerning prognostic counseling of RBD patients. In one recent study, only 47% of adults with iRBD received prognostic counseling (or, at least, documentation concerning counseling), and male neurologists were most likely to have documented counseling in the electronic medical record. A more recent study of worldwide experts found that most RBD subspecialty experts provided prognostic counseling, but few asked patients their views concerning their preferences. There are currently no published studies concerning iRBD patient preferences regarding prognostic counseling.


: The objective was to evaluate the nematocidal effect of four hydroalcoholic extracts (HAE) of Brosimum alicastrum (HAE-Ba), Guazuma ulmifolia (HAE-Gu), Erythrina americana (HAE-Ea) and Leucaena leucocephala (HAE-Ll) against Haemonchus contortus . The tests of egg hatching inhibition (EHI) and larval (infective larvae) mortality were used. The treatments were HAEs at concentrations of 6.25-50 mg/mL for EHI and 25-100 mg/mL for larval mortality, ivermectin (5 mg/mL, positive control) and distilled water (negative control). Data were analyzed using an ANOVA and treatments with a concentration-dependent effect were subjected to a regression analysis to determine lethal concentrations (LC50 and LC90). In addition, a phytochemical analysis was performed on the extracts to identify the presence of the main secondary metabolites. The best ovicidal and larvicidal activity was observed in HAE-Gu with 96.78 % EHI at 6.25 mg/mL and 57.2 % larval mortality at 75 mg/mL. Followed by HAE-Ba showing 90 % EHI at 6.25 mg/mL and 58.0 % larval mortality at 75 mg/mL. The LC50 and LC90 of HAE-Gu on EHI were 2.7 and 4.4 mg/mL, respectively. While the LCs of this same extract on larvae were LC50= 64 and LC90= 125 mg/mL. The phytochemical analysis indicates that all extracts contain tannins, coumarins, flavonoids and terpenes. The fodder species G. ulmifolia and E. americana could be candidate plants for the control of H. contortus .


The failure of hydraulic pump as a power unit in hydraulic systems affects directly the proper performance of the systems.Therefore,the monitoring of the pump performance and diagnosis of pump faults are urgent problems in want of solution.The principle of support vector machine(SVM) algorithm is described.Study on fault diagnosis based on SVM for hydraulic pump.Apposite kernel functions are selected after analysis,and bulid an reasonable equation.The test and analysis results indicate that the method is simple and efficient.


Laboratory toxicity data can be combined with computer migration and fate models to assess the risks of contaminants to aquatic life from point and nonpoint discharge sources. Environmental exposure to selected species is estimated from overland and in-stream transport modeling. A statistical code uses LC/sub 50/ and maximum acceptable toxicant concentrations data to predict the frequency and duration of dissolved contaminant concentrations that exceed median lethal and sublethal concentrations to the species of concern. Two pesticides, alachlor and toxaphene, are analyzed to demonstrate the hazard assessment process. The overall methodology provides a means of comparing relatively the toxic effects of different chemicals and also provides a framework for future fate and risk assessment studies.


ABSTRACT This research is entitled "Written Language Production of Student with Disgraphia in Faculty of Humanity Sam Ratulangi University". The objectives of this research are to describe dysgraphia itself and to analyze the influences of dysgraphia on the written language production of the student in Faculty of Humanity, Sam Ratulangi University. This research uses a descriptive method. There are three steps to finish this research, the first step is preparation. In this step, the writer reads the related theories of psycholinguistics in concern with language disorder, in this case dysgraphia. The second step is data collection. The writer gathers several students of English Student Association who are the participants of English debate and speech club, then examines them with the proper test suggested by Gvion and Friedman (2008:5). The third step is data analysis. The writer analyze the influences on the written language production of the student with dysgraphia by using the theories of Caplan (1992:192), Hatch (1983:1), Marcie dan Hecaen (1973:3), and Fanis dan Linda (2011:2). The results of this research show that dysgraphia is an impairment in writing which caused not only by the brain damaged but also by the cognitive and linguistic disorder. The student has a lexical dysgraphia. Dysgraphia also affects the written language production of the student orthographically. The student makes errors while writing, mostly the vowels. It does not affect his intelligent but his academic grade. Keywords : Psycholinguistics, Language Production, Language Disorder, Dysgraphia.


ABSTRACT The opportunities available in the global marketplace have created a challenging and highly competitive business environment. One of the problems in operating in such an environment is the fact that, while there may be some tendency toward global consumptive behavior, substantial differences between consumers remain. The purpose of this study is to explore the extent to which consumers in different markets differ in terms of the physical and nonphysical product attributes emphasized when purchasing specialty, shopping and convenience products. The results show significant differences do exist between French and Malaysian consumers.


Dear Editor, Thank you for forwarding the letter of Dr. Mohamed Elshazly, in relation to our paper "Primary Coronary Angioplasty for ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) in Qatar: First Nationwide Program". A particular delight is that Dr. Mohamed is a previous student with us from Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar. His knowledge of the health care system in Qatar was reflected in the good points he raised. Dr. Mohamed touched on important issues that should guarantee a successful primary PCI program, especially in relation to two issues. One is the awareness of all health care professionals of how to timely access and refer patients with STEMI, aiming at a door-to-balloon Time (DBT) of ,90min. This was outlined in our paper and practical protocols similar to that of the Mayo Clinic are being prepared. The second issue is the protocols and procedures to guarantee full compliance with the speed at every step during the diagnosis, referral and transfer of the patients to the Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory. Another issue which Dr. Mohamed has also touched on, and which is of major interest to us, is the awareness of the patients themselves to the possible symptoms of "heart attack". This is because in Qatar, as in many other countries, the patient delay in reporting the symptoms and seeking medical attention is one of the major causes of delay. Furthermore, in Qatar as in many countries, patients tend to transport themselves to the hospital, rather than call the ambulance. The disadvantage of this practice is that they may land themselves in a unit without a primary PCI facility, or one with low awareness of the importance of PPCI and the time limits related to it. Admittedly this out-of-hospital delay is vital, but is not reflected in the DBT, since the latter evaluates the time from moment the patient seeks medical advice to balloon dilatation of the infarct related artery in the cath lab. DBT is a measure of the in-hospital, or healthcare delay, rather than the prehospital delay, which can be quite significant. It may sound odd, but some large registries have suggested that the adjusted in-hospital mortality does not increase significantly with increasing pre-hospital delay. However, there is some evidence that the results obtained by DBT are affected by the pre-hospital delay. An intriguing relationship between the effect of pre-hospital and in-hospital delay times on the outcome of primary-PCI patients was depicted in a study by Brodie et al., using data from the CADILLAC and HORIZONS –AMI trials. They revealed that the DBT made a larger impact on survival in patients who presented early after the appearance of symptoms (short pre-hospital delay) than who came late. This makes sense since the infarction process does not start when the patient arrives to the hospital, but when, or even before the symptoms are appear. It is for this reason that we emphasized the importance of an awareness program for the public. However, Dr. Mohamed's idea of an online training course for all health care professionals in Qatar is worth considering as part of our national awareness program for both the public and the health care professionals. The other note about timely feedback and regular audit to identify and fix flaws reliably and quickly is also a good addition that have been already considered.


For the high dimensional chemical engineering processing data,an outlier detection method based on self-organizing map(SOM)networks and its visualization methods was proposed.Practically,it was applied for the observed data of preflash tower and the satisfactory result was obtained.Firstly,SOM was applied to obtain the topology-preserving plane for the high dimensional data.Then,based on the mapping plane and its visualization methods,the outliers were visualized clearly and easily.The results show that the proposed method does not need complex calculation,and the outliers in high dimensional data are effectively detected and eliminated.


In July and August of 2022, unprecedented and long-lasting heatwaves attacked central and eastern China (CEC); and the most affected area was in the Yangtze River (YR) basin. The extreme heatwaves and associated drought and wildfire had significant social impacts, but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Observational analysis indicates that the heatwaves were regulated by anomalous anticyclone in the mid-upper troposphere over northern CEC. Specifically, the easterly anomalies at the southern flank of the anticyclone caused air isentropic sliding and transported low moist enthalpy (cold and dry) air to the YR basin, contributing to anomalous sinking motions and extreme heatwaves. In comparison, heatwaves were more serious in August than in July due to stronger upper-level anomalous anticyclone and associated easterlies. Importantly, different mechanisms were responsible for the heatwaves in the two months. In July, the relatively weaker anticyclonic anomaly over northern CEC was dominated by the forcing of diabatic heating over northwestern South Asia (NWSA), corresponding with the record-breaking rainfall in and around Pakistan. In August, a powerful anticyclonic condition for the CEC heatwaves originated from an extreme silk road pattern (SRP), superposing the effect of NWSA diabatic heating due to persistent downpour. We notice that another upstream anticyclonic node in the SRP also created heatwaves in Europe. Therefore, the CEC extreme heat was actually associated with other concurrent extremes over the Eurasian continent through large-scale atmospheric teleconnections in 2022.


Objective
To explore the effective and efficient method of continuing education in clinical psychology for grassroots psychiatrists.

Methods
A clinical psychotherapy training program was launched for the 15 grassroots psychiatrists in one mental health hospital by using flipped classroom approach combined with problem-based learning method, using 'Wechat group' for discussing after class. The training lasts for 4 weeks 24 hours, 2 times a week and altogether 8 lessons, 3 hours for each lesson. There are four main themes of the training: basic methods of psychotherapy; the theory and application of group psychotherapy of in hospital patients; skills and strategies in therapeutic interviews; psychological therapy for common problems among children and adolescents. Each theme includes 1 basic theory session and 1 supervision session. After the training, the satisfaction degree of the participants was investigated. Before and after the training, the specific training effects are explored by self-control method by quantitative and qualitative ways.

Results
The satisfaction survey showed that the overall satisfaction rate was 100.0%, and the 'student discussion' had the lowest satisfaction rate of 66.7%. Quantitative analysis showed that students got improved in all three aspects of clinical psychology: 'professional knowledge', 'skills' and 'confidence level'.

Conclusions
The program using flipped classroom approach combined with PBL were effective and efficient in clinical psychology training for grassroots psychiatrists, and were worthy of further study and promotion.

Key words:
Grassroots psychiatrist; Clinical psychology; Problem-based learning; Flipped classroom; Continuing education


INTRODUCTION: Orthognathic surgery performed to correct dental and facial deformities, and becomes extremely relevant because in addition to the occlusion correction also benefits facial aesthetics. The literature suggests that the main factors that motivate the patient to seek treatment later accept orthognathic surgery are clear and consistent, and these: aesthetic improvement, functional improvement of the stomatognathic system and self-esteem. Therefore, the correct interpretation of patient expectations is essential for the establishment of an optimal treatment plan for each case, so as not to create expectations that cannot be met. This study aims to present the profile and motivation of patients seeking orthodontic-surgical treatment at a private clinic dentistry in Goiânia. METHODS: The sample consisted of 188 medical records that met the inclusion criteria. From the selected sample we conducted an analysis of the following variables: gender, age, main complaint of presented deformity type and indicated surgery. RESULTS: The main results showed that the majority of patients are females at a ratio of 1.8: 1, and are aged between 21 and 30 years, predominantly presented aesthetic complaints (43%), with facial profile mostly from class II (47.8%), more commonly indicated surgery bimaxillary type (69.6)%. CONCLUSION: The desire of esthetical improvement were evident in both genders. Among the functional complaints chewing difficulty was observed with the first major complaint.


Occupational fatigue can be described as multidimensional crisis situations arising from excessive demands and pressures in a job that interfere with a worker's physical and cognitive abilities. This study aims to find out the description of the occupational fatigue level of the operating room nurses at the Central operating theatre of dr. Kariadi Semarang using cross sectional descriptive research design with quantitative approach. This research was conducted on June 3, 2017 - January 7, 2018. Data collection was done on December 9 to 13, 2017 in the Central operating theatre of RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang involving a total of 101 respondents with total sampling. The results of this study indicate the average age of respondents are 33.82 years, Most respondents are male (55.4%). The majority of respondents have married that amounted to 89 people (88.1%). Most of them have career path as Clinical Nurse 3 (PK3) totaling 41 people (40,6%), almost half of respondents have working period under 6 years (43,6%). Responden dominated by diploma education level amounted to 75 people (74.3%) and respondents have a normal nutritional status of 70 people (69.3%). They are mostly experience moderate occupational fatigue rate (47 people or 46.5%). They also that those sustaining light occupational fatigue are 44 people (43.6%), and those with high occupational fatigue are 10 people (9.9%). This research is expected to be a source of information and evaluation for developing the human resources management of operating room nurses as well as an indicator in the achievement of internal and external satisfaction in the hospital.
Keywords: occupational fatigue, nurses, operating room


The invention discloses a kind of sensing device trembled for parkinson patient, it comprises housing, laser instrument, optical filter, convex lens, PSD device, signal processing module, ZigBee wireless transport module and lithium battery, described signal processing module, ZigBee wireless transport module are fixed in the little box body in housing, laser instrument is fixed on the external wall of capsule, the housing of little box body side is fixed with PSD device, and optical filter and convex lens are fixed on laser instrument side.Its detection method comprises the following steps: A. will tremble and be converted into current signal; B. process the signal of telecommunication must to tremble signal; C. calculate the data relationship between human skin's offset delta and migration imagery amount d, must tremble waveform.The present invention's advantage is compared with prior art: the present invention effectively can detect the signal that trembles of parkinson patient, has the features such as anti-interference, easy donning; The signal disturbing under multi-pose can be avoided; And cost is low, easily popularize.


An application of the relative growth function y = bxk to Osborn's data on skull measurements of the titanotheres shows that the function applies to phylogenetic as well as to ontogenetic growth-partition. The results may be summarized in the following tentative generalizations: (1) Ascending species within the genus bring about no change in b and k. (2) Genera are distinguished from one another by differences in b and in k. (3) b is a decreasing exponential function of k. By appealing to knowledge derived from experiments on extant forms, it is pointed out that these generalizations can be explained in ontogenetic terms.


- History has proven that early detection of a fire and the signaling of an appropriate alarm remain significant factors in preventing large losses due to fire. Properly installed and maintained fire detection and alarm systems can help to increase the survivability of occupants and emergency responders while decreasing property losses. Considering that the majority of cities have already installed camera-monitoring systems, this encouraged us to take advantage of the availability of these systems to develop cost-effective vision detection methods. . Deep learning is an emerging concept based on artificial neural networks and has achieved exceptional results in various fields including computer vision. We plan to overcome the shortcomings of the present systems and provide an accurate and precise system to detect fires as early as possible and capable of working in various environments thereby saving innumerable lives and resources. We have made a comparative study of a general CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) model with adam optimizer and the pre-trained InceptionV3 model with adam optimizer.


This report summarizes the main accomplishments of the project. Specifics are provided in three journal papers which are enclosed with this report. Two of the journal articles are currently in press, one has already been published. Our work focused on two main areas: (1) RadNet. The main objective of the project was the development of a neural network-based method to compute downwelling shortwave and longwave fluxes directly from TOVS HIRS and MSU brightness temperatures. (2) FlaxNet. A second objective of the project involved the development of neural network-based method for the calculation of surface fluxes based on radiative transfer physics.


An adaptive halftoning algorithm is introduced. It colligates the error-propagation and error-convergence technologies, adjusts the threshold and the error diffusion weights by minimizing the local error criterion to produce more high quality bilevel or multilevel images. The method of least mean squares (LMS) is used in the minimizing process. Experiments show that this algorithm achieves better results than general error diffusion algorithms. Based on this algorithm, the multiresolution display can be realized. It just needs to store the highest resolution picture. The low resolution version can be expressed through the downsample. This characteristic is possessed by the image constructed with the method. The image quality is high in these experiments.


BioMAX is the first macromolecular crystallography beamline at the first fourth-generation storage ring, the 3 GeV storage ring at MAX IV Laboratory. It is a highly automated, user-friendly, microfocus beamline that provides excellent performance for most macromolecular crystallography applications.


Objective The study revealed the appearance of an HIV-1 CRF15_01B subtype similar strain in Beijing through sequence analysis of env,gag and pol genes of the strain.Methods The plasma viral RNA was extracted from a HIV-1 infected(BJ06108,through sexual transmission) Sichuan woman living in Beijing.Nested PCR was used to amplify the env,gag and pol genes. Sequencing and subtype analysis was then performed.Results The discrete rates in env,gag and pol gene regions of case BJ06108 were similar to those of the CRF15_01B subtype reference strain,1501 B.TH.99.99TH_MU2079 being 8.8%,6.1% and 7.2%,respectively.Phylogenetic tree analysis showed that BJ06108 and the CRF15_01B subtype reference strain,1501 B.TH.99.99TH_MU2079,shared a same node.Conclusion A CRF15_01B subtype similar strains had appeared in Beijing.It was necessary to strengthen the surveillance of HIV-1 subtype variation.


A series of thiol-based inhibitors containing a benzyl moiety at the P1' position have been synthesized and tested for their abilities to inhibit glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCP II). 3-(2-Carboxy-5-mercaptopentyl)benzoic acid 6c was found to be the most potent inhibitor with an IC(50) value of 15 nM, 6-fold more potent than 2-(3-mercaptopropyl)pentanedioic acid (2-MPPA), a previously discovered, orally active GCP II inhibitor. Subsequent SAR studies have revealed that the phenoxy and phenylsulfanyl analogues of 6c, 3-(1-carboxy-4-mercaptobutoxy)benzoic acid 26a and 3-[(1-carboxy-4-mercaptobutyl)thio]benzoic acid 26b, also possess potent inhibitory activities toward GCP II. In the rat chronic constriction injury (CCI) model of neuropathic pain, compounds 6c and 26a significantly reduced hyperalgesia following oral administration (1.0 mg/kg/day).


In this thesis, we present several projects on the growth and functionality of layered materials, using density functional theory (DFT) method and phenomenological modeling approach. Beyond the understanding of growth mechanisms and exploration of properties, we propose novel avenues to realize controllable growth processes and layered materials with desirable properties. The contents have three major parts: (1) Graphene growth on Cu(111) and Ni(111) substrates. We first demonstrate that the inherent multi-orientational degeneracy of the graphene islands on Cu(111) in the early stages of nucleation could result in the prevalence of grain boundaries (GBs). Next, we propose a possible solution to tackle this standing obstacle, by invoking a functionalized Cu(111) surface to lift the orientational degeneracy and consequently suppress the GBs. Following this work, we explore the contrasting mechanisms of graphene bilayer growth on Cu(111) and Ni(111), develop a phenomenological model to predict the critical graphene size for the nucleation of the second layer underneath, and propose ways to substantially enhance the growth rate of the secondlayer graphene on Cu. (2) Contrasting alignment of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and graphene grown on Cu(100). Collaborating with the experimental group, we find that the three-fold symmetric BN exhibits definitive orientation alignments when grown on the four foldsymmetric Cu(100) surface. This is in stark contrast to graphene/Cu(100) epitaxy, despite the crystallographic similarity between graphene and h-BN. Our results reveal that the stronger C-Cu interaction lead to the misalignment, a conclusion runs counter


The error metric determines the number of triangles per frame, and affects the fidelity of terrain and efficiency of the algorithm in real-time rendering in dynamic terrain visualization. The screen error calculation method requires a lot of maintenance work and produces a large number of redundant triangles to eliminate T-junction and crack in the real-time rendering. So this will reduce the speed of real-time rendering of terrain. In this paper, using the local roughness factor constraint nested sphere of error metric can better reflect the details of local topography, while reducing redundancy triangle in flat region. And take advantage of the delay estimate frame coherence to reduce the computation and further improve the efficiency of the algorithm. Experiments demonstrate that the dynamic terrain visualization algorithm, using the error metric with constraints, can effectively reduce the redundant triangles and represents the deformed region very well in real-time rendering.


SUMMARY The early ultrastructural changes induced by the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-l3-acetate in mouse epi dermis previously transformed by treatment with an initiating dose of 7,1 2-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene are described and compared with those in the basal cells of papillomas and carcinoma that appear later after repeated promoter treat ment. Groups of cells with fine structural characteristics distinct from those of the other epidermal cells are observed 48 hr after a singleapplication of the promoter to skin previously treated with an initiating dose of 7,12-dimethyl benz(a)anthracene. With repeated weekly treatment of the promoter, progressively larger groups of the atypical cells are observed, forming small papillomas by the fifth week. The striking similarity between the fine structural features of the atypical basal cells in the focal groups and those of the basal cells in papillomas and carcinomas, which develop later, suggests that these groups of phenotypically altered cells observed early after promotion are precursor neoplastic cells from which papilloma and carcinoma induced by the two-stage technique of skin carcinogenesis are derived. The absence of these phenotypically altered basal cells after treatment with a single, initiating dose of 7,12-dimethylbenz (a)anthracene, indicates that these phenotypic characteristics are acquired very early after treatment with the promoter and suggests that the phenotypic expression of the neoplastically transformed cells is the essential event of tumor-promoting action. On this basis, it is proposed that the events occurring during promotion can be dissociated into two main compo nents. First, there are the changes induced by the promoter in the epidermal stem cells or in their microenvironment that enable the expression of the neoplastic phenotype. Second, there are the specific phenotypic alterations that occur in the transformed cells in response to promoting stimuli and the subsequent changes in these phenotypic properties during progression of the neoplastic process. The key to understand ing tumor-promoting action is the ability to determine which of the many changes induced by promoters are essential for the phenotypic expression of neoplastic transformation. Two main possibilities are suggested to account for the phenotypic alterations observed in the basal cells of the atypical focal groups, papilloma and carcinoma. First, they are mutant-like cells induced to express their new phenotypic properties by the tumor promoter. Second, these phenotypic alterations in the neoplastic stem cells are due to loss of differentiated traits in the course of carcinogenesis and the acquisition of features found in embryonic cells. Whatever the nature of these …


The aim of this 2-day field trip in the Bay of Mont-Saint-Michel, located between Normandy and Brittany (NW France), is to examine the different sedimentary environments, which compose this hypertidal coastal system: in the west, a tide-dominated wave-influenced embayment characterized by wide tidal flats, and bioclastic ridges; in the east, a tidedominated estuary, with typical tidal facies, especially tidal rhythmites; in the north-east, a wave-dominated shoreline with sandspits bordering the high energy estuarine tidal channels. A spectacular reef made by worms develops on the rocky substrate outcropping in this northern entrance of the Bay. Hydrodynamics, sedimentary facies and sequences, Holocene infill and evolution will be discussed through field observations, sediment cores, VHR seismic and GPR data. The field trip includes a sightseeing tour of Mont-Saint-Michel, and an overview of Norman gastronomy!


This article discusses economic concepts (games theory and social capital) that can help undestand and manage resources for common use more effectively, as in the case of water and river basin committees. We begin with the assumption that the incorporation of a few analytical instruments of current Social Sciences can allow even readers who do not have close contact with this literature, to realise both the complexity of collective action and the difficulties of management of resources for common use.


Scintigraphic findings in two patients with limb edema as a consequence of metastatic carcinoma to the nodes are discussed. In both patients a "flare" sign has been described consisting of accentuation of the normal band of activity on the medial aspect of the thigh together with lateral extension of activity across the thigh. The demonstration of this sign may resolve the clinical problem without recourse to more invasive procedures.


The paper presents the clinical, morphological, and immunohistochemical characteristics of virilizing ovarian tumors in 53 patients treated at the N.N. Blokhin Russian Cancer Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, from 1967 to 2010. The impact of the immu- nophenotype of virilizing ovarian tumor cells, clinical and morphological parameters, and performed treatment on the risk of recurrence has been studied in patients with virilizing ovarian tumors.


The irregular occupation of the territory in Lagoa da Conceição, and the deficiencies on the wastewater management system, impacted negatively the trophic state of the coastal lagoon. After the wastewater overflow in Lagoa da Conceição's Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) the impact increased. The overflow manifested the need for an accurate quantification of the impacts caused by the WWTP. LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) it's a recognized tool for quantifying environmental impacts caused by a product/system. Thus, this article aims to discuss the application of WWTPs through a critical review, establishing relations between the results found by these applications, and the use of LCA in Lagoa da Conceição's case. 03 lines of discussion were identified on the articles review: the role of LCA in identifying critical spots and improvement opportunities in WWTPs, comparison between conventional and alternative infrastructures, and the life circularity on WWTPs.


The combined use of chemical and biological control agents could prove to be a successful strategy against insects and ticks, which could improve the efficiency attained by conventional strategies and also lessen environmental impact that could be caused by these substances. The present study assessed compatibility of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin to chemical substances currently used for controlling Riphicephalus ( Boophilus ) microplus (Canestrini), to verify compatibility of these for possible associated use. The fungus was cultivated in a medium to which was incorporated 40, 55, 70, 85 and 100% of the recommended dosage (RD) of commercial acaricides containing various active ingredients formulated in different compositions. To verify compatibility, fungus vegetative growth, spore production and viability were assessed, and all acaricides were classified regarding toxicity. The chemical acaricides containing chlorfenvinphos + dichlorvos (Amiphos®), cipermetrin + chlorpiriphos + citronelal (Barrage®) and amitraz + chlorpiriphos (Carbeson®) were classified as toxic after causing inhibition of fungal growth and spore production, the last one being the only agent that did not affect fungal viability. The acaricide containing cipermetrin (Colosso®) was classified as compatible and moderately compatible in 40 and 65% of the RD, respectively, and the acaricide containing spinosad (Elector®) was the agent that least affected the factors evaluated, being classified as moderately compatible at 55 to 100% of the RD, and as compatible at 40% of RD. Most of the chemical acaricides evaluated were not compatible with M. anisopliae . The acaricide formulated with cipermetrin and spinosad was the only one that showed some compatibility for use in an integrated pest management.


The flow of gas through networks of pipes can be modeled by the isothermal Euler equations and algebraic node conditions that model the flow through the vertices of the network graph. We prove the well-posedness of the system for gas with nonconstant compressibility factor that is given by an affine linear function. We consider initial data and control functions that are Lipschitz continuous and compatible with the node and boundary conditions. We show the existence of semi–global Lipschitz continuous solutions of the initial boundary value problem. The construction of the solution is based upon a fixed point iteration along the characteristic curves. This allows us to study the exact controllability of the system for tree–shaped networks. For a steering time that is sufficiently large and stationary states that are sufficiently small the system is locally exactly controllable by boundary controls at all boundary nodes. The solutions of the intial boundary value problem on arbitrary networks satisfy a maximum principle in terms of the Riemann invariants that states that the maximum of the absolute values is attained for the initial or the boundary data.


During the design options stage of planning for the New England Highway project upgrade from Crows Nest south to Highfi elds north of Toowoomba, it was necessary to use a scanning system that would quickly produce spatial data on the location of mature trees growing in close proximity to the road. Along the 20km of road upgrade, electronic scanning equipment successfully identifi ed the location and trunk diameter of the trees. In addition, the system was successfully applied to the hard surface sections of the road which led to utilising the data to extract typical sections for the road upgrade.


This presentation will explore the variety of evolving roles for the registered nurse in the prehospital emergency care arena and the relevant qualifications and skills required to advance the profession in this area.


Two experiments were conducted for this thesis, to determine whether an animal should be fed to its genetic potential in spite of this not being achievable due to an on-farm


This paper describes an analytical framework for the weighted max-min flow control of elastic flows in packet networks using PID and PII/sup 2/ controllers when flows experience heterogeneous round-trip delays (HRTD). Our algorithms are scalable in that routers do not need to store any per-flow information and they use a simple first come first serve (FCFS) discipline, and stable in that the stability is proven rigorously when there are flows with HRTD. We first suggest two closed-loop system models that approximate our flow control algorithms in the continuous-time domain where the purpose of the first algorithm is to achieve the target queue length and that of the second is to achieve the target utilization. The slow convergence of source rates traversing routers with empty buffers, which is inherent in many flow control algorithms, can be resolved by the second algorithm. Based on these models, we find the conditions for controller gains that stabilize the closed-loop systems when round-trip delays are equal and extend this result to the case of HRTD with the help of the zero exclusion theorem.


When allocating a set of indivisible items among agents, the ideal condition of envy-freeness cannot always be achieved. Envy-freeness up to any good (EFX), and envy-freeness with $k$ hidden items (HEF-$k$) are two very compelling relaxations of envy-freeness, which remain elusive in many settings. We study a natural relaxation of these two fairness constraints, where we place the agents on the vertices of an undirected graph, and only require that our allocations satisfy the EFX (resp. HEF) constraint on the edges of the graph. We refer to these allocations as graph-EFX (resp. graph-HEF) or simply $G$-EFX (resp. $G$-HEF) allocations. We show that for any graph $G$, there always exists a $G$-HEF-$k$ allocation of goods, where $k$ is the size of a minimum vertex cover of $G$, and that this is essentially tight. We show that $G$-EFX allocations of goods exist for three different classes of graphs -- two of them generalizing the star $K_{1, n-1}$ and the third generalizing the three-edge path $P_4$. Many of these results extend to allocations of chores as well. Overall, we show several natural settings in which the graph structure helps obtain strong fairness guarantees. Finally, we evaluate an algorithm using problem instances from Spliddit to show that $G$-EFX allocations appear to exist for paths $P_n$, pointing the way towards showing EFX for even broader families of graphs.


Some sorts of instrumental methods of analysis,such as atomic absorption spectrometry,infrared spectroscopy,NMR,polarimetry,GS,GC,polarography,HPLC,thermal analysis,and the application on dairy industry were introduced.


The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a sweet potato wine, and aims to provide a wine processing method by using sweet potato according to the characteristics of sweet potato, such as high starch and sugar content, so as to improve commodity value of sweet potato. A formula comprises sweet potato, white sugar, pectin, tartaric acid and grape wine yeast liquid. The process comprises the steps of: getting materials, peeling, washing, pulping, adjusting sugar and acidity, fermenting, squeezing, conducting post fermentation, and ageing. The sweet potato wine produced by the invention is clear and transparent, and has pure taste and strong flavor.


Background. Accurate determination and detection of fever is essential in the appropriate treatment of pediatric population. It is widely known that improper definitions of fever can cause grave and dangerous consequences in medical procedures. Infrared tympanic thermometry seems a relatively new and popular alternative for traditional measurement in the diagnosis of pediatric fever. However, its accuracy in the diagnosis of fever remains a major concern. Design. Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data Sources. Medline, Ovid, Elsevier, Google Scholar, and Cochrane library. Study Selection. Cross-sectional, prospective design. Data Extraction. Two investigators independently assessed selected studies and extracted data. Disagreements were resolved by discussion with other reviewers. Results. A total of 25 articles were included in our meta-analysis. The summary estimates revealed that the pooled sensitivity was 0.70 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.68-0.72), pooled specificity was 0.86 (95% CI = 0.85-0.88), and pooled diagnostic odds ratio was 47.3 (95% CI = 29.76-75.18), for the diagnosis of fever using infrared tympanic thermometry. Additionally, the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.94, and Q* value was 0.87. Conclusion. A total of 25 articles that encompassing 31 studies were analyzed. Based on our meta-analysis, accuracy of infrared tympanic thermometry in diagnosing fever is high. We can cautiously make conclusion that infrared tympanic thermometry should be widely used as fever of thermometer.


OBJECTIVE
To dynamically observe the effect of Safflower Injection (SI) on mesenteric microvascular motion in vivo in rabbits, and to explore the effect of nitric oxide (NO) in the process to further investigate the action mechanism of activating blood to remove stasis of SI.

METHODS
Twenty healthy male albino rabbits were intraperitoneally injected with urethane for basic anesthesia and injected with alpha-chloralose via ear marginal venous to maintain anesthesia, spontaneously ventilated via tracheotomy tube, with the in-step record of breath and blood pressure. The vasomotion was induced by noradrenaline (NA) in vivo, then the changes of vasomotion after injecting SI and N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA, a NO synthase inhibitor) were measured respectively on a TV monitor using a TV camera mounted on the microscope, and the influence of L-NMMA on effect of SI was also observed.

RESULTS
L-NMMA injection alone can inhibit the NA induced vasomotion in vasoconstriction state, while SI injection alone can inhibit it in vaso-dilation state. SI could abolish the effect of L-NMMA on vasomotion but L-NMMA did not influence the effect of SI on vasomotion. CONCLUSION SI can inhibit vasomotion in vaso-dilation status, but its mechanism is not mediated by endogenous NO.


In this article, the key elements of a successful transition of terminally ill patients from the inpatient hospital to home hospice care setting are described. This article describes the role and responsibilities inpatient palliative care teams and receiving hospice agencies have for communicating with patients and families and preparing them for hospice care. This article explains one approach to educating the varied members of the health care team and describes how to collaborate on care plans to facilitate an effective and satisfying transfer of care.


Temperature measurements taken in association with the velocity measurements described by Gargett, Osborn & Nasmyth (1984) are examined. With careful noise removal the temperature dissipation spectrum is fully resolved and χ, the dissipation rate of temperature-fluctuation variance, is determined directly. With directly measured values of χ and ε, the turbulent-kinetic-energy dissipation rate per unit mass, the observed temperature spectra are non-dimensionalized by Oboukov–Corrsin–Batchelor scaling. Shapes and levels of the resulting non-dimensional spectra are then examined as functions of the degree of isotropy (measured) in the underlying velocity field. Two limiting cases are identified: Class A, associated with isotropic velocity fields; and Class B, associated with velocity fields which are anisotropic (owing to buoyancy forces repressing vertical relative to horizontal dimensions of energy-containing 'eddies'). The present observations suggest that the Corrsin–Oboukov–Batchelor theory does not provide a universal description of the spectrum of temperature fluctuations in water. Class A scalar spectra have neither $k^{-\frac{5}{3}}$ nor k−1 subranges: a Batchelor-spectrum fit to the high-wavenumber roll-off region yields a value of 12 for the 'universal' constant q. In striking contrast, the buoyancy-affected Class B spectra exhibit a clear $k^{-\frac{5}{3}}$ subrange, an approach to a k−1 subrange, and a value of q ∼ 4 which is in rough agreement with most previous estimates. Previous oceanic and atmospheric measurements are re-examined in the light of the present results. It is suggested that these previous results are also affected by vertical scale limitation. Reasons underlying the discrepancies between theories and observations are discussed: these may be different in the two classes presented.


An investigation was made to study the residual activity and air-borne effect of lambdacyhalothrin (Icon 10 WP) at 30, 40 and 50 a.i. mg/rn2 against An.stephensi in hut scale trials on different surfaces in Mamasani, and Rudan, south of Iran. Bio-assay contact mortality test with Icon at 30 a.i. mgl/m2 on plaster, cement and wood surfaces decreased from 100% to 51.4%, 53% and 63.8% after 84, 80 and 107 days of hut spraying, respectively. At 40 a.i mg/m2 Icon showed longer residual activity than the 30 mg/rn2, i.e. the mortality rate deceased from 100% to 50.7% for plaster, to 52.5% for cement and to 53.5% for wood surfaces, after 105, 105 and 124 days of hut spraying, respectively. Icon at 50 a.i. mg/m2 showed longer residual activity than the former dosages, i.e. the mortality dropped from 100% to 62.1% for plaster, to 50.7% for cement and to 90.4% for wooden surfaces, after 124 days of hut spraying, respectively. The result of air home tests showed that Icon has negligible or slight killing effect on An.stephensi, i.e. at 30. 40 and 50 a.i. mg/m2, the mortality rates dropped from 100% to about 60% after 10, 15 and 25 days of hut spraying, respectively. Based on the results of this study lambdacyhalothrin at 50/m2 had a residual activity for more than 4 months on different surface. It could be concluded that, lambdacyhalothrin at 50 mg/m2 might be a candidate dosage for continuation of study in village scale vial in south of Iran.


Cultural practices (weeding, removal of stubbles, thinning) followed by crop rotation with paddy and wheat for two years reduced the root-knot nematode population in jute fields to manageable levels. Granular insecticides also reduced nematode populations and increased fibre yield when compared to control. Amongst the treatments, chicken manure application resulted in highest yield.


The Omani houses of Zanzibar are the tangible legacy of ancient trade links and 19th century political domination. These elegant houses are climatically effective, and offer private outdoor living space in a dense urban environment. This type of house is still popular in Oman, but in Zanzibar it is are threatened. As background this report reviews the state of the literature related to the Omani houses of Zanzibar and also presents a very brief historical perspective. A description of the selected case study in its current state is followed by a proposed reconstruction to its perceived original form when build in the 19th century. This exercise reveals a concept of great sophistication and clarity. Although the planning process and the constituent elements were standardized, an infinite range of possible plan forms and sections ensured flexibility and responsiveness. Our subsequent analysis hints that the Omani house is unique but not alien when compared with other traditional Arab courtyard houses. The report is concluded with suggestions for future academic research, while our conclusions and recommendations focus on opportunities for practical research and development. The premature demise of this house type was partly the result of colonization and European interference. It offers valuable lessons, however, which could be explored in our quest for better affordable housing in Southern and East Africa. Acknowledgement We are grateful to the National Research Foundation for the grant, which funds our investigation of vernacular African courtyard houses, and which made this excursion possible. t to Introduction Zanzibar is part of the United Republic of Tanzania. The ancestors of the local people were from Africa, Persia, Yemen, Oman and Asia, and trade links date from antiquity (Fig. 1). Oman politically dominated the whole of the East African region during the 18 and especially the 19 century. Figure 1 A sketch map of ancient Indian


The present invention discloses a process for producing propylene and 1-butene and a method for producing propylene, comprising reacting 2-pentene with ethylene in the presence of a metathesis catalyst, the catalyst comprising at least one of the Periodic Table VIB, VIIb or Ⅷ transition metal compound, comprising: a) in the presence of a metathesis catalyst to 1-butene to 2-butene is reacted to produce propylene and 2-pentene, b) followed by separation of the resultant propylene and 2-pentene, c) in the presence of a metathesis catalyst to 2-pentene is reacted with ethylene to produce propylene and 1-butene, d) separation of the resulting propylene and butene-1, e) the resulting 1-butene back in step a).


Northwest to southeast phase fronts with southwestward moving features are commonly observed in the nighttime midlatitude ionosphere during the solstice months at low solar activity. These features are identified as nighttime MSTIDs (medium scale traveling ionospheric disturbances). Initially, they were considered to be a manifestation of neutral atmospheric gravity waves. Later on, investigations showed that the nighttime MSTIDs are electrified in nature and mostly confined to the mid and low latitude ionosphere. Although the overall characteristics of the nighttime MSTIDs are mostly well understood, the causative mechanisms are not well known. Perkins instability mechanism was believed to be the cause of nighttime MSTIDs, however, the growth rate of the instability is too small to explain the perturbations observed. Recently, model simulations and observational studies suggest that coupling between sporadic-E layers and other type of E-region instabilities, and the F region may be relevant to explain the generation of the MSTIDs.

In the present study simultaneous observation from OI 630 nm all-sky airglow imager, GPS-TEC, ionosonde and Meteor radars, are used to investigate the role of E and F region coupling on the generation of MSTIDs .Nighttime MSTIDs observed on three nights (14 March 2020, 23 March 2020 and 28 May 2020) in the OI 630 nm airglow images over Kuehlungsborn (54°07'N; 11°46'E, 53.79N  mag latitude), Germany, are presented. Simultaneous detrended GPS-TEC measurements also shows presence of MSTIDs on these nights. In addition, simultaneous ionosonde observations over Juliusruh (54°37.7'N 13°22.5'E) show spread-F in the ionograms as well as sporadic-E layer occurrence.  Furthermore, we also investigate the MLT region wind variations during these nights. The role of Es-layers and the interplay between the winds and Es-layers role on the generation of the MSTIDs will be discussed in detail in this presentation.