Intuition and irony became the basis of the theory and practice of avant-garde creativity. It was exactly through intuition and irony, that manifested sometimes in grotesque or ridicule manner, that the avant-garde sought to destroy traditions and create new art and values. The article pays a special attention to the theoretical works of artists who stood at the origins of the Ukrainian avant-garde and influenced its development: V. Kandinsky, K. Malevich, O. Archipenko. In the philosophical theorizing of the Ukrainian avant-garde, the idea of a close vision of the inner essence of phenomena is cultivated, that is, the vision can be in itself, without its rational definition and understanding. It is intuition and irony that seem the most real, necessary in the pursuit of knowledge. According to the interpretation of artists-theorists of the Ukrainian avant-garde, the existence of the world and the reality of man, his presence in this world are due to an intuitive vision. Artists proclaim the superiority of intuition over practical reason, emphasizing the complex deep essence of intuition, because reason and rationality use only external manifestations of reality, i. e. scientific facts, laws, logic, ignoring the variability, spontaneity of human feelings and emotions as insignificant in knowledge. It is the ironic attitude to the possibilities of rationality that gives impetus to the flourishing of intuition.


Human face detection is a challenging task under different lighting conditions. We propose an efficient and reliable algorithm to detect human faces in an image. Our algorithm uses a region-based approach to identify skin-colored pixels under various lighting conditions. Within the detected skin-color regions, a ratio method is proposed to determine possible eye candidates. Two eye candidates form a possible face region, which is then verified by means of a two-stage procedure with an eigenmask. Experimental results based on the HHI MPEG-7 face database show that this face detection algorithm is efficient and reliable under different lighting conditions.


The invention discloses a preparation method of ATTM (Ammonium Tetrathiomolybdate), and belongs to the field of preparation of high-purity chemicals. The preparation method is characterized in that a compound of molybdenum is enabled to react with an ammonium sulfide solution, and an ammonia gas generated in a reaction process is discharged from a reaction solution through a way of vacuumizing during the reaction process or blowing an inert gas in the reaction solution, so that reaction equilibrium is facilitated to move towards a product-the ATTM; an appropriate amount of ammonium salt is added in the reaction solution, so that high-purity ATTM is prepared in a high yield by promoting the separation of the product-the ATTM. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the waste emission is less, irritant ammonium hydroxide and a hypertoxic and fetid hydrogen sulfide gas are not needed to be used, the technological conditions are simple and environmenta friendly, the yield is up to more than 98 percent, and the like; according to the preparation method, gram-scale and ton-scale high-purity ATTM products can be efficiently produced, and industrial large-scale production is easily realized.


With rapid economic development, resource shortage and environment pollution have increasingly became a bottleneck in the ongoing development of society. The concept of "cyclic economy" has been proposed to build a resource-saving and environment-friendly society. Under this concept, "waste" should be treated as "misplaced resources". Given more efficient utilization of waste can promote society development. The precursor of waste edible oil is natural oil with main component of glycerol ester. The saponification of glycerol ester could produce glycerol and detergent such as sodium, potassium soap, etc. Therefore, the saponification of waste edible oil could be used directly to produce soap and washing powder. Practically, there are problems like long period of reaction time of saponification, incomplete saponification or no saponification at all. This paper studied the method and mechanism of saponification of waste edible oil and the factors that influenced the saponification degree by analyzing infrared spectrum of the product. Our experiments showed that the saponification processing reached the optimal configuration with four-hour reaction at the temperature of 100degC, the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide solution to the waste edible oil was 1:2 and the concentration of sodium hydroxide was 30%. The research of this paper is far-reaching in saving resources and reducing environmental pollution.


We experimentally studied the dynamic behavior of conversion from self defocusing to equivalent "self\|focusing" in LiNbO 3:Fe crystal under certain experiment conditions. Its physical mechanism is the consequence of both the double\|Phase conjugate Fabry\|Perot interference cavity and photorefractive effect. It is possible to form bright spatial solitons in self\|defocusing medium by the effect of dynamic conversion.


A vacuum type kneader device preventing scattering of materials mixed in a chamber of the kneader device is provided to facilitating mixing and kneading materials by controlling temperature of chamber and pressurizing body through the second temperature controller and to improve productivity of the kneader device. A kneader device(1) comprises: a base frame(10) with inner space for a motor(11); a rotor driving implement established one upper side of the base frame, which makes a rotor(14) equipped with crossed blades to rotate; a chamber(20) established on the other upper side of the base frame, in which materials and coloring pigments by decelerated rotation of the rotor; side boards of the chamber(25,25a) sealing inner space of the chamber; the first temperature controller controlling temperature in the chamber through heat exchange between heat source and refrigerating medium; a pressurizing body to give pressure on materials in the chamber; a chamber cap(45); a vacuum generator; post bars to maintain balance of the pressurizing body; and a chamber tilting implement to discharge materials in the chamber.


Introduction: In central India evils eye protection by burning of Semecarpus Anacardium Linn seeds is very common practice. The smoke produced by burning of Semecarpus Anacardium Linn seeds can cause allergic contact dermatitis over a time. This study was designed to diagnose the actual cause of allergic contact dermatitis in patients exposed to smoke of burning of Semecarpus Anacardium Linn seeds. Material and Method : a total of 40 patients of allergic contact dermatitis and exposed to smoke of Semecarpus Anacardium Linn seeds and 40 healthy controls were recruited for the study. A patch test was performed contacting urushiol as an additional allergen in finn chamber. Urushiol is an active ingredient of smoke of Semecarpus Anacardium Linn seeds Results : All the patients were found sensitive to urushiol and none of the healthy control was found sensitive to urushiol in the patch test. Conclusion : Urushiol is an active allergen found in Semecarpus Anacardium Linn seeds and responsible of allergic contact


We present the case of a 62-year-old female housewife who reported non-specific back pain for the past 35 years. Without neurological symptoms, A complex occult spinal dysraphism and a tethered cord syndrome was diagnosed.


A comprehensive study of film cooling on a turbine airfoil leading edge was performed with a documented, well-tested computational methodology. In this paper, numerically predicted heat transfer coefficients on the film-cooled leading edge are compared with experimental data from the open literature. The results are presented as the ratio of heat transfer coefficient with film cooling to that without film cooling, and the physics behind the surface results are discussed. The leading edge model was a half-cylinder in shape with a bluff afterbody to match the validation experiment, and other geometric parameters matched those of Part I of this study. Coolant at a density equal to that of the mainstream flow was injected through three rows of cylindrical film-cooling holes. One row of holes was centered on the stagnation line of the cylinder, and the other two rows were located ±3.5 hole diameters off stagnation. The downstream rows were staggered such that they were centered laterally between holes in the stagnation row. The holes were inclined at 20° with the surface, and made a 90° angle with the streamwise direction (radial injection). Four average blowing ratios were simulated in the range of 0.75 to 1.9, corresponding to the same momentum flux ratios as in Part I of this work. The multi-block, unstructured numerical grid was characterized by high quality and density, especially in the near wall region, in order to minimize error in predictions of the heat transfer. A fully-implicit scheme was used to solve the steady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations, and a realizable k-e model provided turbulence closure. A two-layer near-wall treatment allowed the resolution of the viscous sublayer for maximum accuracy in the prediction of the wall heat transfer coefficient. The numerical predictions exhibited generally good agreement with experimental data. The heat transfer coefficient was observed to increase sharply aft of the holes in the downstream rows. When coupled with the adiabatic effectiveness results of the first paper in this series, it is evident that a systematic computational methodology may be effectively applied to investigate and understand the complicated leading edge film-cooling problem.Copyright © 2002 by ASME


======================================================================================== Julie Adams Vanderbilt University Cognitive Limitations When Humans Interacts With Large Teams of Robots This presentation will focus on a number of cognitive limitations that occur when humans must remotely supervise and direct large teams of ground and aerial robots. As the field continues to develop robotic systems for real-time, highly dynamic domains, the ability to support the human cognitive capabilities while facilitating system monitoring and human decision-making becomes critical. This presentation will be grounded with examples from our evaluation of the response to Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosive (CBRNE) device domain (e.g. mass casualty events such as 9-11 ground zero) for which we are developing such systems. The CBRNE response typically differs for each event, is highly stressful, highly dynamic, and places limitations on the human response. Human-robotic interaction for such domains requires consideration of salience, vigilance, fatigue, stress, cognitive workload, situational awareness, memory recall, etc. ======================================================================================== Tina Beard NASA Ames Research Center Cognitive Assessment in Spaceflight Analogue Environments Authors: B. L. Beard, J. Holbrook, & A. J. Ahumada, Jr. Since the days of Apollo (NSF report, 1971), it has been known that some astronaut cognitive abilities are affected during spaceflight. Recent data collected on the International Space Station (ISS) using the WinSCAT cognitive test battery reaffirm this finding for journeys lasting as long as 6 months (Fiedler, 2007). The factors leading to this cognitive decline have not been determined. The purpose of the proposed research was to identify whether the Constellation ascent environment, including vibration and >1g forces, contribute to the cognitive changes previously reported in the literature. Participants were presented with computerized cognitive skills sub-tests before and after they participated in vibration and centrifuge familiarization routines (as part of a separate study). Using computerized and paper assessment tools we measured: subjective stress and fatigue, learning ability (code substitution), memory recall (code substitution with delay), executive functioning (simple mathematics), visuo-spatial abilities (match to sample), and measures of attention and executive functioning (running memory). Results suggest that some aspects of executive functioning are affected by NASA's planned ascent environment in the Constellation Program. Discussion will include issues with the current cognitive test used by the space agency and how monitoring astronaut cognition could evolve in the future. In this presentation we report results from an ongoing study of temporal processing in older adults. ======================================================================================== Angela Brown Ohio State University Infant Visual Performance is Primarily Limited by "Mid-Level" Critical Immaturities Authors: A. Brown and D. Lindsey Infants do not see as well as adults do: infant psychophysical sensitivity to light, color, and contrast is far below the comparable values in adults, and vernier acuity and stereopsis cannot be measured until after age 3 months, probably because infant contrast sensitivity is poor. Here we address the classic question in the study of infant vision: which of the many known neurological immaturities of infants critically limit infant visual performance? Neonatal foveal cones are very immature, and probably do not generate strong enough responses to mediate visual performance, suggesting that infant vision should be compared to adult extrafoveal vision. Consistent with this view, the infant CSF can be superimposed on the adult extrafoveal CSF by a simple overall scaling of sensitivity by about a factor of 50. In contrast to the fovea, the infant extrafoveal retina is morphologically much more mature. Analysis of the results of increment threshold experiments suggests that early-stage "low-level" immaturities (e.g., slightly shorter length of infant rod outer segments) cannot explain the 50-fold difference between infant and adult contrast sensitivity. Contrast discrimination experiments indicate that the critical immaturity that limits overall infant contrast sensitivity occurs before the site of the contrast gain control, making it a "mid-level" rather than a high-level immaturity. Strikingly, binocular summation data collected in our lab indicate that infant inattentiveness to the psychophysical task is not a critical immaturity in infant vision. ======================================================================================== Patricia Cheng University of California, Los Angeles A Mental Construct of Causation for the Coherent Representation of an Objective Causal World Associative and causal theories of learning differ with respect to whether reasoners filter events through an a priori mental construct of unobservable causal events. Although assumptions about unobservable events are, ceteris paribus, objectionable, recent work has shown that a core set of assumptions about such events is essential to a coherent representation of the causal world. It is therefore not surprising that humans and rats seem to share the same set of a priori assumptions. This talk will illustrate how this core set enables reasoners to 1) estimate the strength of a cause to influence an effect, 2) generalize coherently to a novel context, and 3) make diagnostic causal inferences. Each of these capabilities poses a challenge to associative theories. ======================================================================================== Edgar (Ted) DeYoe Medical College of Wisconsin Neuroimaging Aids for Brain Cancer Treatment ======================================================================================== Edgar (Ted) DeYoe Medical College of Wisconsin The Cortical "Window of Attention" and Its Relationship to the Visual Field Authors: E. A. DeYoe, A. Puckett, J. Brefczynski, & R. Datta The spatial pattern of cortical activity associated with directed visual attention in humans has been described by a number of labs using fMRI and is itself of some interest. However, the relationship between the cortical effects of attention and their expression within the visual field of the observer is perhaps of more direct interest for understanding the spatial effects of attention on perception and behavior. To help understand this relationship, we previously developed a method for projecting the cortical pattern of attentional effects onto a diagram of the visual field using the empirically measured retinotopy, thereby yielding an Attentional Field Map (AFMap). One empirical observation is that the size of the window of attention scales directly with the size and/or eccentricity of an attended target appearing at different eccentricities in the visual field but with a scale factor significantly greater than 1. We have modeled this relationship using a theoretical description of the cortical mapping function in V1 (Polimeni, 2006) combined with different assumptions about an ideal description of the cortical attentional pattern. For eccentricities ranging from approximately 5-20 degrees, the scaling of the attentional window in the visual field is consistent with a constant sized cortical "window" of attention. Together, the empirical and theoretical results suggest that the size of the attentional "window" over this eccentricity range reflects known principles of cortical organization rather than presumed qualitative differences between central and peripheral attentional processes. ======================================================================================== Barbara Dosher University of California, Irvine Perceptual Learning of Judgment Precision: An Elaborated Perceptual Template Mode Authors: B. Dosher, W. Chu, & Z.-L. Lu The discrimination of two stimuli can be measured as a contrast threshold at a constant stimulus difference (i.e., +/45 deg orientation) or as an orientation threshold at a given contrast. Both can be understood together within an elaborated perceptual template model (ePTM) that incorporates the effects of judgment precision, or non-orthogonal stimuli for discrimination (Jeon, Lu, & Dosher, 2008). Perceptual learning improvements in contrast thresholds have been studied in different external noise conditions (Dosher & Lu, 1998, 1999, and others), while stimulus difference thresholds have not. Indeed, perceptual learning has not been widely measured for stimulus difference thresholds, except for hyperacuity tasks. Here, perceptual learning of stimulus difference thresholds is investigated for orientation identification. Orientation thresholds were practiced in zero and in high external noise; orientation psychometric functions were measured for orientation difference threshold versus noise contrast (dTvC) functions; and practice effects were measured in the dTvCs. Perceptual learning was measured for foveal and peripheral Gabor orientation. The ePTM provided a good account of the orientation psychometric functions in different levels of external noise. The elaborated perceptual template model predicts accuracy as a joint function of orientation difference, contrast, and external noise, with perceptual learning resulting in reduced impact of external and additive internal noises. ======================================================================================== Mike Goodrich Brigham Young University The Right Amount of Robot Autonomy For Humans-In-The-Loop Fan-out defines the maximum amount number of robots a single human can mange. It is often desirable to maximize fanout so that human intelligence is leveraged across multiple tasks or applications. However, practical human-robot systems often have


Based on research and analysis of traditional embedded operating system security theories and technologies, combining with characteristics of embedded operating system, this paper puts forward a security kernel frame fit for embedded operating system: ESK(embedded security kernel). It has the characteristics as follows: self-determination configuring security attributions, mandatory access control, security signs and multi-strategy determinant. Through the reconstruction of Win CE operating system, the validity of the security kernel frame is validated.


Abstract Particle effects on the amplitude modulation are investigated in this study based on observational data with various mass loading acquired from long-term measurements of aeolian sandstorms in high-Reynolds-number ($Re_{\tau }\sim O(10^6)$) near-neutral atmospheric surface layers. In both particle-laden and unladen flows, in addition to the positive top–down modulation behaviour in the logarithmic region, a significant modulation effect that exists for some specific motions is also found for the single-point amplitude modulation. The most energetic turbulent motions exhibit the strongest modulation effect, and the modulating signals do not change with the small-scale motions being modulated. In particle-laden flows, the length of the most energetic structure is almost constant, thus the scales of the modulating signal and carrier signal are hardly affected by particles. However, the addition of particles changes the distribution of energy between multi-scale turbulent motions. The kinetic energy of the large-scale component is less enhanced than the total kinetic energy by particles. This leads to a reduced energy proportion of the large-scale component and an augmented one of the small-scale component. Moreover, the particles produce a large damping in the degree of the amplitude modulation and move down the positions of the modulating signals and carrier signals corresponding to the strongest inter-layer modulation, but the damping is weakened with the wall-normal distance due to the decreased mass loading. This study may provide a more general insight into the modulation mechanism between multi-scale turbulent motions and the effect of particles on turbulence.


We detail the parameters used and tabulate the crosssections from the eikonal model nucleon-removal reaction calculations. Here J i,f and Ei,f are the spin-parities and excited state energies of the initial (projectile) and final (residue) states. The orbit of the removed nucleon is indicated by ψα. The theoretical inputs use the systematic approach detailed in Section III of Ref. [1]. The geometries of the complex distorting potentials and the real potentials that bind the removed neutrons are deduced from the neutron and proton densities of Ni and the root mean squared (rms) radii of the active neutron orbitals, respectively, both given by spherical Hartree-Fock (HF) calculations. A Gaussian Be target density with rms radius of 2.36 fm and a finite-range (Gaussian) effective two-nucleon (NN) interaction were assumed.


The article presents information about notable Spanish Women Researchers on Economics, because there is little information published in this regard and we wish to contribute to Female visibility. We include a particular reference to women who have supervised several Doctoral Theses on Applied Economics, classified in two groups: 1) The pioneers, who are the first group of women who reached Doctorate in Spain, with own Thesis before the year 1986, and 2) other female researchers who reached their Doctorate after that year and have been also active supervisors of Theses in the field of Applied Economics. We also present comparisons of Spanish Female Economists included among Top researchers at Ideas.Repec and at other rankings. This article includes an Annex with supplementary information.


Foreword Susan L. Groenke and J. Amos Hatch. Part I: Contexts for Critical Pedagogies in Teacher Education. 1. Social Reconstructionism and the Roots of Critical Pedagogy: Implications for Teacher Education in the Neoliberal Era Susan L. Groenke. 2. Contextualizing the Madness: A Critical Analysis of the Assault on Teacher Education and Schools Joe Kincheloe. 3. Standards Talk: Considering Discourse in Teacher Education Standards Nikola Hobbel. 4. Policy Failures: No Child Left Behind and English Language Learners Kate Menken. 5. Issues in Critical Teacher Education: Insights from the Field J. Amos Hatch and Susan L. Groenke. Part II: Enacting Critical Pedagogies in Teacher Education. 6. A Critical Pedagogy of Race in Teacher Education: Response and Responsibility Jill Ewing Flynn, Timothy J. Lensmire, and Cynthia Lewis. 7. Anti-Oppressive Pedagogy in Early Childhood Teacher Education: A Conversation Beth Blue Swadener, Cristian R. Aquino-Sterling, Mark Nagasawa, and Maggie Bartlett. 8. Integrating Macro- and Micro-Level Issues in ESOL/Bilingual Teacher Education Maria Dantas-Whitney, Karie Mize, and Eileen Dugan Waldschmidt. 9. Standards, Critical Literature and Portfolio Assessment: An Integrated Approach to Critical Pedagogical Development Glenda Moss. 10. Leaders-Cloaked-As-Teachers: Towards Pedagogies of Liberation in Social Foundations Courses Venus Evans-Winters. 11. Regulation, Resistance and Sacred Places in Teacher Education David A. Greenwood and Sean W. Agriss. 12. Small Openings in Cyberspace: Preparing Pre-Service Teachers to Facilitate Critical Race Talk Susan L. Groenke and Joellen Maples. 13. Teaching for Democracy and Social Justice in Rural Settings: Challenges and Pedagogical Opportunities Lydiah Nganga and John Kambutu. 14. Adjusting to Rose-Colored Glasses: Finding Creative Ways to Be Critical in Kentucky Lane W. Clarke. 15. Becoming Critical in an Urban Elementary Teacher Education Program J. Amos Hatch and Wendy B. Meller. Afterword Susan L. Groenke and J. Amos Hatch.


Among the 53 races of P. aurelia that have been investigated, four races (29, 32, 47 and 51) do not conjugate with any of the three previously described varieties. They constitute a fourth variety with two new interbreeding mating types, VII and VIII. Mating type VII occurs in all four of these races, but mating type VIII has appeared only in the two races 32 and 51.The mating types VII and VIII give with each other the agglutinative mating reaction characteristic of Paramecium and proceed to conjugate. As in the other three varieties, agglutination and conjugation occur only when mixture is made between cultures of the two types that are neither well-fed nor starved, but are nearing the stage of nutritive exhaustion. Like variety 1, but unlike varieties 2 and 3, variety 4 shows no diurnal periodicity in sexual reactivity: cultures exposed to the natural alternation of daylight and night are capable of reacting sexually at any hour. Further, again like variety 1 and unlike varieties 2 and 3, variety 4 can...


Recent high resolution photoelectron spectroscopic studies of the (1+1) resonant enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) of NO via the 0–0 transition of the A–X band (γ band) have shown a pronounced ΔN=0 signal (ΔN≡N_+−N_i) and smaller, but measurable, ΔN=±2 peaks. The authors [K. S. Viswanathan et al., J. Phys. Chem. 90, 5078 (1986)] assign the excitation to be via an R(21.5) line, with no further specification. We have performed ab initio calculations of the rotational branching ratios for the four possible ''R(21.5)'' transitions, namely, the rotationally ''clean'' R_(21) and R_(22), and the ''mixed'' R_(12)+Q_(22) and R_(11)+Q_(21) branches. We find the mixed R_(12)+Q_(22)(21.5) branch to agree best with the observed photoelectron spectrum collected parallel to the polarization vector of the light. The discrepancy is larger for detection perpendicular to the polarization. To understand this difference, we have assessed the influence of laser intensity and polarization ''contamination'' on the branching ratios and photoelectron angular distributions.


ABSTRACT Some of the most exotic material properties derive from electronic states with short correlation length ( Å), suggesting that the local structural symmetry may play a relevant role in their behavior. Here, we discuss the combined use of polarized x-ray absorption fine structure and x-ray diffraction at high pressure as a powerful method to tune and probe structural and electronic orders at multiple length scales. Besides addressing some of the technical challenges associated with such experiments, we illustrate this approach with results obtained in the cuprate , in which the response of electronic order to pressure can only be understood by probing the structure at the relevant length scales.


Background: Leptin and its receptors have been found in the human gastric mucosa. Its secretion by gastric mucosa has generated interest in its probable role in the gastrointestinal tract and pathophysiology of diseases. Objective: To determine any possible correlation between serum leptin level and pathological findings in patients with duodenal ulcer (DU). Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 22 patients diagnosed as DU were randomly selected and compared with 22 healthy controls. From each participant a fasting blood sample for measurement of serum leptin level and anti-H pylori antibody IgG was taken. Two antral biopsies for evaluating the intensity of gastritis and H. pylori infection were also taken from patients with DU. Results: Compared to the control group, serum leptin level was significantly (p<0.05) higher in patients with DU. Leptin level also significantly (p<0.05) correlated with the presence of gastritis and H. pylori infection. Conclusion: An increase in serum leptin in patients with DU may be a defense mechanism. There is a possibility that leptin accelerates ulcer healing.


We report new ultrafast color center lasers operating in the near infrared spectral range. Using newly developed KCl and KBr (F 2 + ) H and (F 2 + ) AH color center systems and synchronous mode-locking we realize picosecond and subpicosecond color center laser operation for the first time in the 1.8-2.4 μm wavelength range. Using semiconductor saturable absorbers we passively mode-lock NaCl (F 2 + ) H and KCl F A (Tl) color center lasers in single- and coupled-cavity configurations. This results in mode-locked laser operation in the 1.5-1.7 μm range with shortest obtained transform-limited pulses of ∼150 femtosecond duration and pulse energies as high as several nJ. As a step toward infrared spectral continuum generation we amplify these nJ-level pulse energies by a factor of ∼10 3 using KCl F A (Tl) amplifier crystals.


The objective of this study is to develop a simplified numerical model that can be used to accurately and quickly conduct the collapse analysis of reinforced concrete (RC) frames impacted by vehicle in 45-degree oblique direction. The simplified numerical model included introduce of a simplified RC frame and a simplified vehicle. For the simplified RC frame, a mixed modeling technique was used in which structural components that experienced serious damage were simulated using detailed elements, while the retained structural components were simulated by macro elements. A constraint algorithm of nodal rigid body in LS-DYNA was adopted to guarantee the displacement compatibility of two kinds of element. For the simplified vehicle model, the spring-mass system was improved on the basis of the energy conservation principle to represent the vehicle in a 45-degree oblique impact. Combining the simplified RC frame model and vehicle model, the impact response of RC frame subjected to vehicle impact was studied and compared with the results of detailed RC frame model impacted by detailed vehicle. The validation confirmed that these introduced simplifications could significantly improve the computational efficiency and ensure the computational accuracy for the collapse analysis of RC frame subjected to vehicle impact.


History and Symbols: Lithuanian and Central European Cinema of the 1960s The text discusses the most creative period in Lithuanian cinema, the 1960s. This analysis is an attempt to frame the artistic and thematic changes in Lithuanian cinema within the context of the changes that occurred in Central Europe cinema during the 1960s. Showing that the cinematic influence of the neighbouring countries of Central Europe was sufficiently strong allows us to show the exceptional nature of Lithuanian cinema in the context of the policies towards the arts in the Soviet Union.


Cyberspace has become kind of war zone as geopolitical tensions are on the rise and digital transformation is rapidly making its way into our societies by connecting everything from power plants to drones to medical devices worn by patients. Once limited to opportunistic cyber criminals and hacktivists, cyber-attacks are now becoming a key weapon for nation states for espionage campaigns and destructive actions against their adversaries in the event of conflicts. In the era of smart devices and hyperconnected things (internet of things-IoT), bits are becoming more powerful than bullets and malware is taking place of militias. Cyber-attacks could be leveraged by adversaries as a potentially powerful means to a wide variety of political, military, and economic goals and have potential threat to our societies. Outage of national critical infrastructure (such as electrical grids, gas and water pipelines, transportation, etc.) could disrupt supply chain and social life and attack on industrial facilities (such as explosion in chemical plants) could endanger health of safety of people and environment. Stuxnet, WannaCry, cyber-attack on Ukraine utilities in 2015/2016, ransomware attack on a US based natural gas company in 2020 and now on the Colonial Pipeline and many other cyber-attacks in in the middle east other parts of the world have shifted the thinking on cyber war/crime from theory to something closer to reality. It may seem fair to say that the current and emerging cyber threats posed by cyberterrorism have been exaggerated and manipulated, but we can neither deny it nor dare to ignore it. Cross border and cross sector collaborations are gaining momentum to raise awareness about cybersecurity threats and vulnerabilities and motivate/held accountable the owners and operators of critical infrastructure and industrial facilities to design and maintain adequate cyber protection measures. Only cross-border, cross-sector and public-private collaboration can protect our nations and societies and defeat our adversaries.


This article assesses how different notions of citizenship shape mass attitudes toward immigration reform. We examine the underpinnings of the military service and college education provisions that were at the center of the 2010 DREAM Act, which sought to provide a path to citizenship for undocumented immigrant youth in the United States. Employing a survey experiment on a nationally representative US sample, we unpack the extent to which the mass public is willing to support immigration reform based on criteria tied to undocumented immigrants' educational attainment or enlistment in the armed forces. While education has little effect on its own, military service significantly increases public support for a pathway to citizenship. The positive effect of military service endures when it is paired with less popular provisions, suggesting that a military criterion can serve as a basis of support for broader immigration legislation. Moreover, the effects are strongest for those groups who are traditionally viewed as being most opposed to immigration reforms that expand access to citizenship. The results of this study have implications for public attitudes toward immigration, the persistence of the citizen-soldier ideal, and the importance of framing in the policy-making process.


Aqueous cells have gained widespread attention for their low‐cost and safety. However, the 1.23 V thermodynamic stability window of water severely limits their development and application. To solve this issue, this study proposes and demonstrates that regulators can enhance and protect water molecules through hydrogen bond reconstruction and assist in solid electrolyte interface generation. The expanded electrochemical window enables the construction of aqueous symmetric capacitors and Nb18W16O93||LiMn2O4 aqueous lithium‐ion batteries with voltages both up to 2.6 V, while exhibiting considerable Coulombic efficiency and high cycle stability. It is shown that efficient regulation of interaction and electrochemical window can also be achieved by a regulator alone, without relying on the effect of salt itself or the extreme reduction of water content. This not only provides a simple and effective way to develop aqueous cells, but also provides a new understanding for the research and utilization of H‐bonds and intermolecular interactions in water.


A theory is proposed for the low-lying odd parity states in deformed even-even nuclei in terms of collective octupole vibrations of the nuclear surface. As an introduction, the problem of quadrupole vibrations in spheroidal eveneven nuclei is reviewed in analytical detail within the context of the Bohr- Mottelson model. With the octupole degrees of freedom corresponding to the spherical harmonics Y/sub 30/ and Y/sub 3 plus or minus 2/, or with those corresponding to Y/sub 3 plus or minus 1/ and Y/sub 3 plus or minus 3/, the Hamiltonian obtained with the hydrodynamic moments of inertia is found to separate into a rotational and a vibrational part. Either pair of octupole degrees of freedom is combined with the usual quadrupole degrees of freedom, BETA and gamma , and small oscillations about a spheroidal equilibrium shape are considered. The arbitrarily restricted choice of the octupole degrees of freedom can be supported only by direct comparison with experiment. With the choice of Y//sub 30/ and Y/sub 3 plus or minus 2/ as the octupole degrees of freedom, the Schrodinger equation immediately yields the usual BETA vibrational state with a superimposed rotational band (K = 0, 1 = 0+, 2+, 41,...) and amore » b vibrational'' state with a superimposed rotational band (K = 0, I = 1-, a degenerate perturbation problera. The result gives rise to two vibrational states with K = 2, which are interpreted as the gamma vibration (even parity) and a g vibration ' (odd parity); the associated rotational bands both have I = 2, are also considered. The case of Y/sub 3 plus or minus 1/ and Y/sub 3 plus or minus 3/ as the octupole degrees of freedom is developed to the point where the remaining problem is purely mathematical. The resulting linear partial differential equation apparently requires a nuraerical solution. Perturbation corrections to the moment of inertia are calculated for the quadrupoleoctupole case with the Y/sub 30/ and Y/sub 3 plus or minus 2/ degrees of freedom. The reduced El, E2, and E3 gamma transition probabilities are calculated for all possible transitions between the bands (Ml transitions are forbidden). The model with Y/sub 30/ and Y/sub 3 plus or minus 2/ as the octupole degrees of freedom predicts the K = 0- and K = 2- bands observed in deformed eveneven nuclei. Theoretical and experimental values for J/J/sub gr/, where J is the moment of inertia in a vibrational band and J/sub gr/ is the ground state moment of inertia, are in fair agreement. Otherwise, few meaningful quantitative comparisons can be made due to the sparsity of experi mental data on the higher vibrational states and on gamma transitions between the bands.« less


The DNS root name service is a critical part of the Internet
architecture. The protocol and deployment requirements for the DNS
root name service are defined in this document. Operational
requirements are out of scope.


Let $\nu$ be a Borel probability measure on a $d$-dimensional Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^d$, $d\geq 1$, with a compact support, and let $(p_0, p_1, p_2, \ldots, p_N)$ be a probability vector with $p_j>0$ for $1\leq j\leq N$. Let $\{S_j: 1\leq j\leq N\}$ be a set of contractive mappings on $\mathbb R^d$. Then, a Borel probability measure $\mu$ on $\mathbb R^d$ such that $\mu=\sum_{j=1}^N p_j\mu\circ S_j^{-1}+p_0\nu$ is called an inhomogeneous measure, also known as a condensation measure on $\mathbb R^d$. For a given $r\in (0, +\infty)$, the quantization dimension of order $r$, if it exists, denoted by $D_r(\mu)$, of a Borel probability measure $\mu$ on $\mathbb R^d$ represents the speed at which the $n$th quantization error of order $r$ approaches to zero as the number of elements $n$ in an optimal set of $n$-means for $\mu$ tends to infinity. In this paper, we investigate the quantization dimension for such a condensation measure.


Published by the American Educational Research Association Most education research has confirmed that small classes do yield benefits. But research also has revealed nuances about how and when small classes will work best, where an investment will result in maximum return, and exactly how many students a "small" class should have. The details of these findings can help policymakers strike a practical balance between making classes smaller and breaking the bank in these budget-conscious times.


Active excitation is an emerging area of study within the field of structural health monitoring whereby prescribed inputs are used to excite the structure so that damage-sensitive features may be extracted from the structural response. This work demonstrates that the parameters of a system of ordinary differential equations may be adjusted via an evolutionary algorithm to produce excitations that improve the sensitivity and robustness to extraneous noise of state-space based damage detection features extracted from the structural response to such excitations. A simple computational model is used to show that significant gains in damage detection and quantification may be obtained from the response of a spring-mass system to improved excitations generated by three separate representative ordinary differential equation systems. Observed differences in performance between the excitations produced by the three systems cannot be explained solely by considering the frequency characteristics of the excitations. This work demonstrates that the particular dynamic evolution of the excitation applied to the structure can be as important as the frequency characteristics of said excitation if improved damage detection is desired. In addition, the implied existence of a globally optimum excitation (in the sense of improved damage assessment) for the model system is explored.


an excellent systematic review as established by the reviewers, I congratulate all the authors and want to make it clear that any comments I will make are only intended to improve this and future reviews. methods systematic and other procedures no the is and Therefore, in order to contribute to future work, to some that could be


Respiratory ailments such as cough, cold and allergies have been scaling up among children due to unprecedented decline in air quality during the past few decades in India. Respiratory health of children in Puducherry in association with air quality is not well documented. Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR), pulse rate and oxygen saturation (SPO2) were studied using peak flow meter and pulse oximeter in 1187 school children (10-14 years) selected from Puducherry by stratified random sampling method. Socio-demographic, health status, dietary and lifestyle pattern were collected by interview schedule. Children were categorized into two groups based on 'Yes' or 'No' answers for the presence of green space in and around their home. Data was analyzed using mean and standard deviation. Around 95% and 77.5% of the girls and 91.6% and 83.0% of the boys from rural and urban areas respectively had reported the presence of green cover in and around their homes. Girls living in the rural area (294.7 ± 53.8 Vs. 297.2 ± 49.9) and boys living in the urban area (291.9 ± 68.5 Vs. 288.4 ± 56.2) had higher PEFR when compared to their respective counterparts. The minimum (2.8 L/min) and maximum difference (23.9 L/min) in PEFR between the two groups was noted among urban girls and rural boys' respectively. Greenspaces lowers air pollution and increases the lung capacity. Hence, children must be encouraged to spend more time in greenspaces such as parks, backyards with more trees and plants and also motivated to start their own kitchen garden and terrace garden.


Recently DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) attacks to public servers become more serious. SYN Flood attacks which misuse the specification of TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) are used most frequently since the malicious attackers can easily generate attacking traffic to make public servers unavailable. More quick and accurate defence mechanisms against DDoS traffic (especially SYN Flood) are more important to keep survive of services. One of difficult problems of detecting SYN Flood traffic is that server nodes or firewalls cannot distinguish SYN packets of normal TCP connections from SYN Flood attacked packets. Moreover since the rate of traffic may vary by time, we cannot use an explicit threshold of SYN arrival rates to detect the SYN Flood traffic. In this paper we introduce more accurate detection mechanism of SYN Flood traffic by taking time variance of arrival traffic into consideration. We first investigate the statistics of arrival rates of both normal TCP SYN packets and SYN Flood attack packets. We then propose a new detection mechanism based on the statistics of SYN arrival rates. Our results have shown that we can model the arrival rate of normal TCP SYN packets to the normal distribution. By using our analytical results we show that our proposed mechanism can detect SYN Flood traffic more quickly and accurately regardless of time variance of the traffic.


Violence has a history beginning with mankind. The study of violence indicates periodic peaks of violence. Our present time clearly suggests that violence is widespread and seemingly uncontrollable. One potential source of help is that of religion. The clergy needs to proclaim the values of morality, ethics, spirituality, and social responsibility. Since members of religion are everywhere throughout society, a basic, fundamental climate of anti-violence might begin to take root.


Global Institute, the population growth rate in South-East Asia, in every age group, is higher than the global average. Two-thirds of consumption growth to 2030 will come from increased per capita spending; the remaining one-third will be from population growth. This is placing severe pressure on the region's farmers to boost food production, especially in sectors such as beef and dairy, where there has been increased demand thanks to the region's burgeoning economies. Smallholder cattle farmers, however, are battling several constraints in meeting this demand – the inability to boost yields in the face of ongoing risks of transboundary diseases and endemic parasites, and increasing global concern around bovine greenhouse gas emissions.


Intelligent spaces based on many networked sensors have been studied in recent years. In this study, a mobile intelligent space using a human-following robot is considered. The proposed system provides various informational supports to the users via the human-following robot. For example, Augmented Reality (AR) is as an application of the proposed system. Generally, positions and orientations of a user camera are needed for AR system. In the proposed system, the human-following robot built local maps around the users while following them. Then, camera position estimation using maps is achieved for AR without using markers. This paper calls the proposed system with map building and informational supports to users "Mobile Intelligent Space". At first, map building while human following is introduced. Especially, some methods to assure reasonable map building speed and stability simultaneously in wide area are described. Experiment results are also shown in this paper.


The purpose of the present work is to develop voltammetric and slow potential scan coulometric methods for determining Pd using a glassy carbon crucible electrode as the working electrode, the electrochemical cell, and the cell for dissolving the sample


This paper describes the design and implementation of a graphical tool called Prograph which enables users to model and analyze operating systems process-resource graphs. The Prograph program enables users to model operating system Process-Resource graphs rapidly, analyze the graphs, and then view the different stages of the deadlock analysis. The deadlock representation and analysis tool Prograph was prototypically evaluated by the students in the graduate level Operating Systems class as well as a number of graduate students at the Computer Science Department of Oklahoma State University. The feedback obtained from the users of the Prograph program indicated that it was functional and useful for modeling and analyzing Process-Resource graphs.


We calculate the influence of the surface processing on the SAW velocity based on the perturbation theory for LiNbO3 crystal with surface diffused by Ti. The calculation results show that: the SAW velocity change depends on the depth of Ti‐diffused layer. The velocity of SAW propagating along the Ti‐diffusion layer increase with the depth of Ti‐diffused layer increasing. The detail results, discussions, and comparison between the experimental and the calculation results are presented in this article.


7128 Background: Pemetrexed (P), a multi-targeted antifolate, is synergisitic with gemcitabine (G) in preclinical models. A phase I study examining a biweekly schedule established a recommended phase 2 dose of G 1500 mg/m2 followed by P 500mg/m2.

METHODS
Patients with Stage IIIB (with pleural effusion) or IV NSCLC, ECOG PS of 0 or 1, no prior systemic chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or biological therapy were enrolled. G was infused over 30 minutes, followed immediately by P given intravenously over 10 minutes once on day 1 every 14 days. Cycles were repeated until 12 treatments or progressive disease. All patients received folic acid, vitamin B12 and steroid prophylaxis.

RESULTS
Data on 53 patients (29 male, 24 female) are currently available. Median age: 64 (range: 35, 80), ECOG performance status 0:1 = 38%:60%, Stage IIIB:IV = 19%:81%. Three hundred twelve cycles of treatment were administered with 14 dose reductions (26.4%); median number of doses was 5 for both G and P, and median dose intensity was 98.05% for both G and P. Response data included 1 complete response (1.9%), 14 partial responses (26.4%), 24 stable diseases (45.3%), and 10 progressive diseases (18.9%), with a response rate of 28.3% (95% CI: 16.8-42.3%). Patient-based Grade 3/4 hematologic events included febrile neutropenia (9.4%), neutropenia (28.3%), and thrombocytopenia (1.9%). Grade 3/4 non-hematologic events included fatigue (22.6%), dyspnea (7.5%), dehydration (7.5%), diarrhea (5.7%), constipation (3.8%), and pneumonia (1.9%). Preliminary median survival was 7.8 months (95% CI: 6.0-10.8) with 43.4% patients censored and median TTPD was 4.6 months (95% CI: 2.8-6.1).

CONCLUSION
Biweekly G and P appear to be well tolerated in advanced NSCLC. A clinical benefit rate (ORR + SD) of 73.6% indicates activity in patients with advanced NSCLC. The dose intensity for biweekly G and P is higher than a previously reported 6-cycle, 21-day regimen with median dose intensity of 83.2% for P and 82.2% for G (West, et al. Proc ASCO 2005; 7117). [Table: see text].


Objective Utilizing the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) technique, this study sought to correlate spontaneous cerebral abnormalities with the clinical manifestations of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) in severely obese (SO) population. Subjects and Methods Twelve MGD patients in SO population (PATs) (4 males and 8 females) and twelve healthy controls (HCs) (6 males and 6 females) matched by gender and age were enrolled. Every participant underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-MRI) scanning. Spontaneous cerebral activity alterations were examined using the fALFF method. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to classify the medial fALFF values of the PATs and HCs. PATs were also asked to complete anxiety and depression score forms, permitting a correlation analysis. Results In contrast with HCs, PATs had prominently increased fALFF values in the left lingual gyrus, the right globus pallidus, the right anterior cingulate and paracingulate gyri and the left middle occipital lobe (P < 0.05), and decreased fALFF values in the right cerebellum, the left fusiform gyrus, the right medial orbitofrontal gyrus, the left triangle inferior frontal gyrus and the left inferior parietal gyrus (P < 0.05). The results of the ROC curve indicated that changes in regional fALFF values might help diagnose MGD in SO population. Moreover, fALFF values in the right cerebellum of PATs were positively correlated with hospital anxiety and depression scores (HADS) (r = 0.723, P = 0.008). The fALFF values in the left triangle inferior frontal gyrus of PAT were negatively correlated with HADS (r = −0.651, P = 0.022). Conclusions Aberrant spontaneous activity was observed in multiple regions of the cerebrum, offering helpful information about the pathology of MGD in SO population. Aberrant fALFF values in these regions likely relates to the latent pathologic mechanisms of anomalous cerebral activities in PATs.


A collection of ten essays (of which seven are in French only) that examine the exhibitions held at La Centrale in 1997-1998. In an introductory text, the publishing committee (Latour, Lefebvre and Mellamphy) identifies three perspectives from which to analyze the art works: narrative, place and the body. Includes brief biographical notes on artists, authors and curators, as well as a brief text on this artist-run centre's history and mandate. 26 bibl. ref.


Beamforming methods are robust and can be used to estimate noise source location and power level simultaneously.Therefore,they are widely applied in noise source identification.Among these methods,conventional beamforming(CBF) has a wide beamwidth,so it's hard to distinguish closed noise sources.In recent years,many high resolution diagnosis methods based on beamforming have been presented.In this paper,the CBF,CLEAN and DAMAS algorithms were analyzed with simulation and test.It provides a basis for selection of the algorithms for noise source identification.


The changing context of school management the govenors what do govenors do governors in school governors' meetings headteachers' reports to governors the annual report and the meeting with parents working with governors in the management of staff towards school development - the management of resources.


The study of computational tools for supporting human creativity is a topic of increasing importance in current artificial intelligence research. In this paper, we present the Minerva multiagent system able to support the creative activity of museum organizers. Minerva is a computational tool that helps the human organizers in some tedious operations and enlarges their creativity space by favoring the fast development of virtual prototypes of possible museum organizations. Minerva has been experimentally tested in two different versions that are discussed in the paper.


The perspective plan as a language for representing a town has a place among the inventions that mark a changing vision of the world and a new system of representing it between the fifteenth and the sixteenth centuries. This image, combining measurement and painting, the two strongest passions of the time, was immediately accepted as "true" since it reflected contemporary politics and cultural aspirations: the rise of central governments, the rediscovery of the heritage of the Greek world, and the will to dominate the earth and thereby achieve the viewpoint of the gods.


This article deals with Modernism as literary school at the end of the XIX century, and its most important representatives. The authors give some elements that in their opinion could be taken into consideration so as to consider Julian del Casal as the legitimate precursor of this literary school in the Hispano-American literature.


Experimental searches for the electron electric dipole moment, de, probe new physics beyond the Standard Model. Recently, the ACME Collaboration set a new limit of ∣ d e ∣ < 1.1 × 10 − 29 e · cm (ACME Collaboration 2018 Nature 562 355–60), constraining time reversal symmetry (T) violating physics in the 3–100 TeV energy scale. ACME extracts de from the measurement of electron spin precession due to the thorium monoxide (ThO) molecule's internal electric field. This recent ACME II measurement achieved an order of magnitude increased sensitivity over ACME I by reducing both statistical and systematic uncertainties in the measurement of the electric dipole precession frequency. The ACME II statistical uncertainty was a factor of 1.7 above the ideal shot-noise limit. We have since traced this excess noise to timing imperfections. When the experimental imperfections are eliminated, we show that shot noise limit is attained by acquiring noise-free data in the same configuration as ACME II.


Objective To establish a consistency test model for Tianwang Buxin Pills(little honey bolus) by near-infared spectroscopic method and to provide a basis for the identification of Tianwang Buxin Pills from different manufacturers. Methods The SPA Near-infared Spectrometer(1.5 M optical fiber probe) and OPUS5.5 software were used. The average spectra of Tianwang Buxin Pills(little honey bolus) were pretreated by the second derivative + vector normalization method and the first derivative method. Results When the CI value was 4.3, the model pretreated by the first derivative method could be used to identify various Tianwang Buxin Pills(little honey bolus) from different manufacturers quickly. Conclusion This approach is convenient, rapid, and non-destructive, and can classify and identify the different Tianwang Buxin Pills(little honey bolus) from different manufacturers rapidly and nondestructively.


Over-the-counter (OTC) medicines are drugs with proven efficacy which you can buy without a prescription. The advertisement (printed media and radio/TV) of these medicines is regulated by resolution RDC no. 102 of 2000, complemented by RDC no. 96 of 2008, however, it was identified that the main concern of the pharmaceutical industries is the dissemination of the well-known beneficial effects of the medicines, without having to worry about the adverse effects they can cause. So, the objective of the present work was to seek and evaluate the OTC announces on magazines of national circulation, also aiming to identify   the relationship between the pharmaceutical industries marketing and the respect to of current medicaments publicity legislation. The present investigation is a study of a  descriptive  and exploratory  bibliographic review, conducted through a data surveys and  analysis of medicine advertisings. Ten magazines were reviewed, all of them had advertising materials of medicines, getting to the total of 14 pieces, they included anti-flu medications; calming medicine;  liver protector; antacids; headache; antiseptic;  menstrual cramps; improving blood circulation, violating the law, mainly the articles 08 th and 26 th (RDC n.96/2008). It has been observed that the advertisings impose a huge influence on a population, increasing mainly the use of over-the-counter medicines and, even it is covered by a specific legislation and fines are applied after the publication, the same mistakes of promotion material are sustained. It was found that there are two problems related to this situation: Additionally to the fact of the competent authorities are not properly monitoring the advertising pieces before their publishing, the marketing of the industries makes the medicine not more than a consumer product, without worrying  about the health e the importance of human development,  just aiming about the  financial returns.


The precautionary principle when applied in the context of international law, it should be noted that this is a legal system that contains rules and principles often fragmented, which may not always be interpreted in a harmonious and coherent way. The contribution of the precautionary principle, is its role to reinforce certain legal standards enacted not only in various international treaties, but also in particular statements relating to, environmental protection, health, sustainable development, trade and food security, among others, when there is uncertainty about the risks and irreparable damages should be avoided, especially for the future generations.


Many corporate employees (those commonly known as road warriors) often access the resources in protected corporate intranets, while working remotely, through IPsec tunnels between their corporate VPN (virtual private network) gateway and their remote hosts. With the proliferation of wireless LANs, 3G wireless networks, and mobile workers, it becomes highly desirable for remote hosts to be able to move among multiple networks (IP subnets) freely, even across different air interface technologies. Currently, IPsec does not support this movement without breaking and re-establishing of IPsec tunnels. Re-establishing IPsec tunnels could cause disruptions to applications currently running across the tunnels, in addition to incurring the overhead of a 3 to 6 roundtrip handshake for a new tunnel establishment. One solution could be to run IPsec tunnels over mobileIP to enable mobility. However, that is inefficient due to the double tunneling, which is especially an issue for resource-limited wireless networks. We explore modifying an IPsec implementation to enable mobility without compromising security and without incurring tunnel-re-establishment at handoff. We do not intend to address the general issue of secure mobility support for the Internet. Instead, we focus on a single scenario of VPN remote access via IPsec ESP-only tunnel mode in IPv4, which has a large commercial application of the secure remote access of corporate intranets. Our approach is to change the tunnel endpoint IP address of the mobile host at the IPsec VPN gateway via a secure signaling, which is possible with minor modifications to how IPsec operates. To this end, we modified FreeS/WAN v1.8, an open-source implementation of IPsec. We remove the dependence of identifying a security association on the outer-header destination address so that the same security parameters can be used even in the new network. Two new private messages are added to ISAKMP (Internet security association and key management protocol) to enable the required signaling to update new tunnel endpoint addresses. Our approach neither compromises the security of IPsec, nor requires changes to the existing IPsec standard, preserving interoperability with mobility-unaware hosts and gateways. We describe a working implementation of these modifications, discuss the performance of this approach, and compare with the standard IPsec and IPsec over mobileIP.


The invention relates to an intelligent gear-shifting control system of an electrohydraulic control gearbox. The intelligent gear-shifting control system comprises a gearbox control signal input unit, a gearbox controller and a gearbox gear-shifting control valve, the gearbox control signal input unit comprises a gear-shifting handle signal input module, a parking braking signal input module, a driving braking signal input module and an engine rotating speed signal input module, and the gearbox controller comprises an intelligent gear-shifting processing module, a steering protection processing module, a parking braking processing module, a driving braking processing module and an engine rotating speed processing module. According to the technical scheme, integrated control on intelligent/manual upshift and downshift of electrohydraulic control speed changing can be realized only by collecting a loop rotating speed signal and integrating vehicle driving and parking braking signals input at the same time, and the intelligent gear-shifting control system is compact, convenient to operate and high in safety.


Switched Reluctance Machines (SRMs) applied in compact adjustable speed drives are receiving during the last two decades considerable attention from industry since they are characterised by rigid construction, high operation reliability, high efficiency, high torque to inertia ratio and finally low manufacturing costs. The successful realization of a SRM drive demands inter alia of the determination of the best motor construction from the point of view of the requirements of considered drive. Design examples of two industrial SRMs made by factories are presented in this paper. These are prototypes of a high-speed 6/4-motor for an electric spindle drive for textile spinning machines and an 8/6-motor desired as a short-time actuator in an automatic truck gear. Laboratory tests were made for all SRM's constructions. The comparison of both analytical calculation and experimental results are made. All SRM prototypes fulfil the high demands of their explicit industrial application.


1. Axonally transported organelles were detected optically in myelinated axons from Xenopus laevis at room temperature (21‐23 °C). Details of the motion of organelles which were transported in the retrograde and anterograde directions were studied using filmed records.


Let T be the class of functions f(z) with negative coefficients which are analytic and univalent in the open unit disk U with f(0) = 0 and f 0 (0) = 1. The classes T and C are defined as the subclasses of T which are starlike and convex in U, respectively. In view of the interesting results for integral means given by H. Silverman (Houston J. Math. 23(1977)), some generalization theorems are discussed in this paper.


In this paper, impact of device & process parameter variation on quantum ballistic Current-Voltage (I-V) characteristics of a surface channel, High K stack gate Quantum Well MOSFET is simulated. Physical device parameters like channel thickness, gate dielectric thickness and process parameters like doping density have direct effects on quantum ballistic current. We use mode space approach with NEGF formalism to simulate Current-Voltage (I-V) characteristics. Short Channel effects (SCE) are studied from the simulation for these variations. Observed effect is scaling dielectric & channel thickness results in better subthreshold slope & Drain induced barrier lowering at the cost of On-current. By increasing doping concentration, ballistic current can be improved. However with increasing doping density, SCE effects are compromised.


Entrepreneurship creates further business opportunities, is considered as one of the mandatory factors for economic development. Many developing countries have created lots of policies to encourage people in entrepreneurial activities. With respect to companies, they need to create, develop, and sustain innovative businesses as technologies are developing day by day. Moreover, aging product portfolios also call for the creation of new businesses. Ferrier (2013) said the definition of entrepreneurship by saying that entrepreneurship is concerned with the discovery and exploitation of profitable opportunities. Moreover, Liñán and Chen (2009) mentioned that entrepreneurship or entrepreneurial behavior could be defined as the discovery, evaluation, and exploitation of an opportunity and this behavior can be best predicted by the entrepreneurial intention. The latter, in turn, could be defined as the self-acknowledged conviction by a person that they intend to set up a new business venture and consciously plan to do so at some point in the future. Furthermore, Sexton and Bowman-Upton (1991) said that an entrepreneur should have qualities such as the high need for achievement, internal locus of control, propensity for risk-taking, creativity, self-confidence, independence, strong commitment, and high energy level, to name just a few. Media industries are involved in developing, producing, and disseminating content through a wide variety of formats, including the press, electronic publishing, telecommunication, radio, music, cinema, and television. Sen and Hill (2010) defined "modern media" as the most frequent illumination of two common characteristics, which are, first, the digital reproduction and multiplication of aural, Abstract


Complex networks are useful tools to understand propagation events like epidemics, word-of-mouth, adoption of habits, and innovations. Estimating the correlation between two processes happening on the same network is therefore an important problem with a number of applications. However, at present there is no way to do so: current methods either correlate a network with itself, a single process with the network structure, or calculate a network distance between two processes. In this paper, we propose to extend the Pearson correlation coefficient to work on complex networks. Given two vectors, we define a function that uses the topology of the network to return a correlation coefficient. We show that our formulation is intuitive and returns the expected values in a number of scenarios. We also demonstrate how the classical Pearson correlation coefficient is unable to do so. We conclude the paper with two case studies, showcasing how our network correlation can facilitate tasks in social network analysis and economics. We provide examples of how we could use our network correlation to infer user characteristics from their activities on social media; and relationships between industrial products, under some assumptions as to what should make two exporting countries similar.


Due to deforestation, there is a growing trend in India, that the Government has started planting eucalyptus and other varieties of trees under the afforestaion programme for their commercial value. This has caused the disappearance of traditional forest trees and has triggered the change of the total eco-system of the forest in the eastern part of India. As leaf plates and bowls are made from the leaves of sal trees, the use of these plates and bowls can draw the attention of the Government towards the importance and economic value of the sal trees. This can definitely encourage the Government and the forest officials to plant more sal trees than eucalyptus trees, if the former are now regarded as "commercial plants". Such practice can directly help indigenous people to sustain their livelihood, preserve the traditional craft and prevent the deforestation in this region as well.


Aim. The purpose of this study is to investigate the seroprevalence of the human babesiosis in some farmers and villagers in Sivas region. Methods. In this study the sera obtained from 150 person who had tick bite history was investigated for the presence of anti-Babesia bovis IgG and IgM antibody in March-June 2008, Sivas province. Sera samples were studied by using indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for the presence of anti-B. bovis IgG and IgM antibody. Results. It was observed that IgG positivity was 5.33%, and IgM positivity was 0.66% against B. bovis in 150 human sera by using IFAT. Conclusion. Babesiosis is a common disease in domestic animals such as cattle, sheep in Sivas province so, there is high risk for the population living in this region. Detailed studies are necessary to elucidate other Babesia spp.


In order to obtain more accurate online information of boiler temperature field and achieve the purpose of real-time measurement and monitoring of flame temperature field distribution in the furnace, an algebraic reconstruction-neural network algorithm (ART-NN) based on optical tomography measurement was proposed. The algorithm combines the advantages of Algebraic Reconstruction Algorithm (ART) and BP neural network. Using this algorithm in the case of adding random errors, a variety of classical temperature fields are numerically simulated. The results show that the stability and reconstruction results of the ART-NN algorithm are better than those of traditional algorithms such as ART and TSVD under the same error level. Optical tomography temperature field measurement provides an efficient method.


Assessing General Education Programs. Mary J. Allen. Anker Publishing Company, Bolton, MA: 2006. 269 pages. Institutional researchers at community colleges across the country have become increasingly engaged with assessing student learning. Indeed, many researchers are providing leadership for learning outcomes assessment under the umbrella of institutional effectiveness. Once primarily the purview of faculty, assessment of student learning has become an institutional topic, a result of the growing emphasis on student learning rather than faculty teaching, continuous improvement based on evidence by accrediting bodies, and accountability from the public and policy makers. For institutional researchers tasked with assessing general education outcomes, Mary J. Allen's book is a great resource. A professor emeritus in psychology at California State University, Bakersfield, and former director of the California State University Institute for Teaching and Learning, Mary J. Allen has worked with colleges and universities through workshops at campuses and higher education conferences. In the preface to Assessing General Education Programs, she explains that her goal in writing the book was to provide "a compact, practical guide for busy professionals who want to assess their general education program in meaningful, manageable, and sustainable ways" (p. iv). The book is, indeed, a compact - 250 pages - and practical guide for developing a plan and strategies to assess whether students are meeting the learning outcomes stated in the general education program, the core of the undergraduate curriculum. The author spends a few pages reviewing the history of general education assessment by briefly discussing constructivist learning paradigms, Chickering's and Gamson's "Seven Principles for Good Practice in Undergraduate Education," general education models, and the role of accreditation. The section on assessment vocabulary is supplemented by a comprehensive glossary at the back of the book. The author also suggests a set of six assessment steps in this chapter that provide the framework for the remaining chapters. After providing this brief context, the author moves quickly to the nuts and bolts of general education assessment. Chapter 2 provides examples of general education mission, goal and outcome statements from a variety of colleges and universities across the country. Examples are included for a comprehensive list of general education learning outcomes, including written communication, oral communication, mathematics, critical thinking and problem solving, American and world cultures, multicultural understanding and citizenship, ethics, information literacy, health, wellness and personal growth, technology, arts and humanities, natural sciences, social sciences, and integration. An important contribution of the book is Chapter 3 which addresses the often difficult task of aligning general education outcomes with other college goals and programs, particularly first-year programs. …


A framework for computer processing of Old-Church Slavonic including its specific features is presented. The corpus of Old-Church Slavonic and its annotation is introduced. Incorporation of manually pre-prepared card catalogues into a corpus is proposed.


Present time is defined by the exiuting water suplly rehabilitation as well as by need to build new one to serve the small rural localities. A rehabilitation on the distribution network, the most expencive part o warter suplly system is included. A short analyse based on computer model of a virtual network show that is possible to develop a favorable spatial network. Using a small investment is posible to obtain a better utilisation of existing network, a presure reduction and an extension of delivered flow rate.


In patients with acute coronary syndromes, including MI, the benefits of platelet inhibition with abciximab during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) are well established. In this retrospective, single-center German study of abciximab during PCI, investigators compared intracoronary administration (294 patients) with intravenous administration (109 patients) of the initial 20-mg bolus. In both groups, the bolus was followed by 12-hour …


This paper presents system engineering parameters obtained from experiments, design analyses, and modelling of multifunctional microsystem modules for future spacecraft, made from bonded silicon and glass wafers. Specifically, it is shown that the 68times68 mm, mass 54 g silicon modules in aluminium frames can be used as structural elements for spacecraft. Random vibration analysis implies that the modules can survive peak accelerations and shocks.


An analysis of the thermomechanics of metal (chiefly molybdenum) field emitters under normal operating conditions is given. The focus is on various ''intrinsic'' phenomena and the possibilities of triggering catastrophic breakdown. The heating is found to be predominantly Nottingham in origin (as opposed to ohmic) and is not appreciable unless the currents are well beyond the normal operating regime, e.g., as might occur under arcing conditions. As a result, the increases in temperature in operating tips are generally minimal unless the heat sinking to the substrate is weak, e.g., in ultrasharp tips, in tips on long, narrow posts, and/or in tips with severely degraded thermal conductivity. Apart from these exceptions, the small temperature excursions mean that no thermal runaway, melting, thermal desorption, or other direct thermal effects occur. Thermal stresses are of course also minimal; however, Maxwell stresses can be large under normal operating conditions, approaching the yield strength under high ...


The paper attempts to compare the methods of scaling correlation curve according to Pn en 13791: 2008 (assessment of in-situ compressive strength in structures and precast concrete components [1]) and according Pn-74/B-06262 [2] and of Building research institute instruction no. 210/77 with using of schmidt's hammers for non-destructive control of concrete quality in the structure [3]. comparisons were made on a real example of expert opinion on determining the compressive strength of concrete in the reinforced concrete ceiling using an indirect method using the correlation dependence determined by examines of cores of wellbores of concrete downloaded from the construction.


The nominal group in Korean typically involves some combination of nouns (including common noun, proper noun, pronoun and bound noun), adjectives, numerals, determiners and clitics. In addition, the Korean nominal group has the potential to include embedded groups, embedded phrases and embedded clauses in its structure. These units realize a number of nominal group functions: Deictic, Epithet, Order, Thing; Qualifier, Orient; Quantity, Perspective and Function Marking. We begin by presenting nominal group systems and structures in three groups: first, systems that are realized by a word or word complex up to and including the Thing (i.e., classification, ordination, epithesis and deixis); second, systems that are realized by an embedded group, phrase or clause before the Thing (i.e., orientation and qualification); and third, systems that are realized after the Thing (i.e., quantification, perspectivisation and function marking). And we briefly consider the role played by nominal groups in clause structure, concentrating on transitivity, theme and participant deference. The question of the order of nominal group functions and the classes through which they are realized is then approached from a functional language typology perspective – highlighting the complementarity of ideational and textual specification.


The purpose of this paper is to present some issues that arise when applying a traditional continuous-time model identification technique to highly resonant systems over a large bandwidth. A scheme based on the use of frequency localising basis functions to improve the numerical conditioning of the identification problem is examined. Examples are presented showing the superior performance of the proposed method when applied to wideband estimation problems. Copyright c © 2004 IFAC


ABSTRACT This article examines policy capacity for dealing with the effects of climate change. The case under study is the Delta Program in the Netherlands; a large-scale policy program to prepare the country for current and anticipated effects of climate change that runs until 2050. Using a qualitative case study approach, we examine how the actors involved design analytical capacity, operational capacity and political capacity to deal with the uncertainty and complexity that are inherent in this policy field. The context of climate change necessitates policy capacity that anticipates effects that are in themselves uncertain and ambiguous, span over decades of time, and involve many stakeholders. Our analysis shows how policy capacity was designed to allow for present-day interventions, while also enabling adaptation to new and emerging developments overtime. We conclude our article with theoretical and practical lessons about policy capacity for dealing with long-term uncertainty and complexity.


The network system matches the supply and demand of transportation services by incorporating unused transportation capacity (i.e., empty seats) with a real not time allocation and matching service that enables individuals and goods to conveniently hire that capacity with attractive pricing, rapid responsiveness, better information availability and trusted security. The network system provides anelectronic registry of capacity containing an indication of the spare transport capacity and location of a plurality of transport vehicles, an electronic registry of demand containing an indication ofthe demand for transportation needs of a plurality of individuals and a central processing capability to effect a match of the transport capacity of at least one transport vehicle with the transportdemand of at least one individual.


In this paper, we characterise the family of finite arc‐transitive bicirculants. We show that every finite arc‐transitive bicirculant is a normal r$r$ ‐cover of an arc‐transitive graph that lies in one of eight infinite families or is one of seven sporadic arc‐transitive graphs. Moreover, each of these 'basic' graphs is either an arc‐transitive bicirculant or an arc‐transitive circulant, and each graph in the latter case has an arc‐transitive bicirculant normal r$r$ ‐cover for some integer r$r$ .


To improve phytoremediation efficiency of aged polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in-situ experiment was conducted in the Shenfu wastewater irrigation district in northeast China. Several strengthen measures, including microbe agent, farmyard manure, N-fertilizer, fungi, were taken. The results showed strengthen measures increased of PAHs to alfalfa and ryegrass were 46.36% and 51.12%. The removal rate of 35.98% and 37.54% were achieved for the removal to 5-6 rings PAHs. In-situ experiment proved that strengthened phytoremediation didn't cause the accumulation of PAHs in inside plant bodies, and it could be used in the farm soil contaminated with PAHs.


Magneto-optical rotation by transmission through or reflection from solids is examined by the classical free electron theory, with the view of taking such a measurement using fields in the megagauss range. In general the rotation is a markedly non-linear function of the magnetic field, and in some cases can change in sign as the field increases. For very low fields the rotation varies directly with B, but in the high field limit the rotation varies inversely with the field. For substances in which the intercollision time of the electron is small, measurements of the Kerr rotation (i.e. by reflection) will give the electron mobility as a function of the magnetic field, and thus will give important data which can be used in conjunction with high field magnetoresistance experiments.


Abstract: In order to examine the serotonin metabolism in children with attention deficit disorder (ADD), plasma tryptophan, which is the precursor of serotonin, was measured in 10 children with ADD and 12 normal children.


human condition, there is a sort of contract with the Thou, and one the breach of which must . . . diminish what men have together around that campfire that staves off the dark wilderness beyond" (p. 146). For most readers of Scott's book the essay on Lionel Trilling will be the most instructive, for few of us have ever looked at Trilling's work in the serious, systematic way Scott does here. The essay is curiously more critically judgmental than the essays on Mailer and Bellow. Scott begins by asserting that Trilling's essays "now constitute one of the great and beautiful achievements of the American literary intelligence in our time" (p. 153). The major contribution of his work, Scott says, lies in its bringing "into focus the nub of that central perplexity which is felt by the people whose placement in history has permitted them to be deeply affected by the legacy of Rousseau and Marx and Freud. And thus he makes a kind of exemplum which, in some small degree perhaps, we fail to contemplate at our peril" (p. 154). But Trilling falls short, in Scott's estimation, because "on no occasion . . . has he consented to confront any of the great religious geniuses of the tradition [of Western humanism] : for all of his wide-ranging culture, Augustine and Pascal, Kierkegaard and Barth, Tillich and Niebuhr are quite as if they had never been: so confirmed is he in the prejudices of a man of the Enlightenment that not even, as a Jew, does he pay any attention, say, to a Moses Hess or a Franz Rosenzweig, to a Martin Buber oran Abraham Heschel" (p. 210). This, Scott insists, is the tradition to which Trilling really addresses his work, but his work, unlike the thought of the theologians who provide the basis for the "central modern traditions of secular thought," provides no positive alternatives to the essentially negative vision Trilling conveys. Scott calls Trilling's method one of "aposiopesis" because it creates a gap it does not attempt effectively to fill: "And the gingerliness with which he has skirted this final aspect of his enterprise makes for the special sort of disappointment which his work calls forth" (p. 211) . Scott nevertheless gives Trilling his due, and Scott's praise as well as his criticism is especially valuable, for Scott himself is working the same area as Trilling and no one in contemporary letters is more familiar with the fiction, the criticism, and the theology than Nathan Scott. The seriousness with which he undertakes to assess Lionel Trilling is just the seriousness with which we should assess Scott—not only in this very professional book, but also in that everaccumulating body of criticism he has been turning out over the years.


Mature cones of Silver fir (Abies pindrow) were collected from phenotypically superior trees at four different sites viz. Sind forest division(S1), Lidar forest division (S2), Tangmarg forest division (S3) and Kehmil forest division (S4)) in Kashmir valley during mid-Oct. Significant variation in cone characteristics were revealed. The site (S3) produced the quality cones with maximum cone length (11.05 cm), cone diameter (4.42) cone weight (87.18g) and seed yield per cone (344/cone). The seed characteristics of this site, at dispersal revealed maximum germination percent (39.50) and germination value (4.67) whereas the mean germination time (MGT) was recorded as 21.9 days. The seeds collected from this site recorded maximum seed weight/1000 seeds (87.18g).Stratification increased seed germinability characteristics and maximum germination percent and germination value (GV) was recorded after 60 days of moist stratification and were recorded as 38.00 and 5.07 respectively. The MGT significantly declined from 25.24 (control) to 23.08 days (60 days stratification). Among the selected sites, site A3 resulted in maximum germination percent (35.00), GV (3.81) with MGT of 22.78 days (minimum).


Mechanism kinematic influence coefficient deeply reflects the essence of the kinematics and dynamics mechanism, analysis of the problems of many institutions can use the influence coefficient of clear and clearly expressed. In this paper, with less degree of freedom parallel mechanism as the research object, through the virtual mechanism method to derive one or two order influence coefficient matrix, based on the analysis of the mechanism and influence of speed and acceleration coefficient matrix. Finally, the precision of the method for solving the kinematics is proved by examples of numerical analysis.


In recent years there is a need for more compact antennas due to rapid decrease in size of personal communication devices. This paperdeals with the problem of size and performance of antenna. This paper presents design and simulation of a square micro strip patch antenna at 2.6 GHz for SBand communications that provides a radiation pattern along a wide angle of beam and achieves a good gain. The square micro strip patch antenna was analyzed using Ansoft/Ansys HFSS. The proposed inset feed square patch antenna provide good Resonant Frequency, Return Loss, VSWR, Radiation Pattern and the antenna Gain.


In a realistic passive sonar environment, the received signal consists of multipath arrivals from closely separated moving targets. The signals are contaminated by spatially correlated noise. The differential MUSIC has been proposed to estimate the DOAs in such a scenario. This method estimates the 'noise subspace' in order to estimate the DOAs. However, the 'noise subspace' estimate has to be updated as and when new data become available. In order to save the computational costs, a new adaptive noise subspace estimation algorithm is proposed in this paper. The salient features of the proposed algorithm are: (1) Noise subspace estimation is done by QR decomposition of the difference matrix which is formed from the data covariance matrix. Thus, as compared to standard eigen-decomposition based methods which require O(N3) computations, the proposed method requires only O(N2) computations. (2) Noise subspace is updated by updating the QR decomposition. (3) The proposed algorithm works in a realistic sonar environment. In the second part of the paper, the estimated bearing values are used to track multiple targets. In order to achieve this, the nonlinear system/linear measurement extended Kalman filtering proposed is applied. Computer simulation results are also presented to support the theory.© (1997) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.


Abstract This article critically evaluates Alex Garland's film Ex Machina (2015) and its reiteration of romanticism, modernism and affiliated critical discourse. Rather than exploring the film in relation to associated science fiction, Cukor's My Fair Lady (1964) is cited as the film's historical precedent: the encoding of a woman by gentleman scholars who test the woman's capacity to be assimilated into wider society. The digital context of the film's futurist Artificial Intelligence restages romantic ruin as the future of the human species, which must prepare for motherless reproduction and the logic of the digital corporation. The article develops a theory of Artificial Stupidity, described by Hito Steyerl as the Real of Artificial Intelligence. Attending to the particularities of violence toward women that characterise Garland's film, we explore the inevitability and intractability of the film's narrative that reflects the wider condition of gendered power relations in Hollywood.


Principles of Protein Structure and Function Physical Forces That Shape Protein Structure Primary Structure: Amino Acid Sequence Protein-Coding Genes Post-Translational Modifications of Amino Acids Hierarchical Description of Structure Folding of a Protein Unfolding of a Protein: Lessons from Polymer Theory The Limits of Global Descriptions of the Unfolded State Databases of Proteins and Protein Structures DisProt: The Database of Disordered Proteins The Classical Structure-Function Paradigm A Brief History of Protein Disorder Can We Define Disorder? The History of Disorder So We Have Disordered Proteins Indirect Techniques for Recognizing and Characterizing Protein Disorder Resistance to Heat Resistance to Chemical Denaturation Unusual SDS-PAGE Mobility Enhanced Proteolytic Sensitivity Limited Proteolysis and Local Structure Differential Scanning Calorimetry Isothermal Titration Calorimetry Chemical Cross-Linking H/D Exchange Hydrodynamic Techniques Gel Filtration (Size-Exclusion) Chromatography Dynamic Light Scattering Analytical Ultracentrifugation Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering Pulsed-Field Gradient NMR Spectroscopic Techniques for Characterizing Disorder X-Ray Crystallography Fluorescence Spectroscopy Fourier-Transform Infrared Resonance Spectroscopy Circular Dichroism Raman Optical Activity Spectroscopy Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Electron Microscopy Atomic Force Microscopy Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Basic Principles Global Characterization by NMR Sequence-Specific Structural Information Special Applications Proteomic Approaches for the Identification of IDPs Expectations and Limitations of Proteomic Studies 2DE-MS Identification of Proteins in Extracts Enriched for Disorder Native/Urea 2DE Provides Direct Information on Disorder IDPs under Conditions Approaching In Vivo Macromolecular Crowding in the Cell In Vitro Approaches to Mimicking Crowding Conditions The State of IDPs In Vivo Physiological Half-Life of IDPs: No Signs of Rapid Degradation Indirect Considerations Underscoring Disorder of IDPs In Vivo Prediction of Disorder General Points Propensity-Based Predictors Machine-Learning Algorithms Prediction Based on Interresidue Contacts Prediction of Short and Long Regions of Disorder Separately Combination of Predictors: Meta-Servers Prediction of Functional Motifs in IDPs Comparison of the Accuracy of Predictors: The CASP Experiment A Better Target Prioritization in Structural Genomics Structure of IDPs Primary Structure of Disordered Proteins Secondary Structure of Disordered Proteins Ambiguity in Structure Tertiary Structure: Global Features of IDP Structures Dynamics of IDP Structure: The Time-Course of Fluctuations within the Ensemble A Readout of Structure: The Hydrate Layer of IDPs Biological Processes Enriched in Disorder Biological Functions Enriched with Disorder Disorder in Transcription/Transcription Regulation Disorder in Signaling Proteins Nucleic Acid-Containing Organelles Disorder in RNA-Binding Proteins: Transcription and RNA Folding Cytoskeletal Proteins Disorder in Stress Proteins Disorder and Metal Binding Disorder and Enzyme Activity Is There a Link between the Pattern of Disorder and Function? Molecular Functions of Disordered Proteins Entropic Chain Functions Display Site Functions Chaperone Functions Effector Functions Scavenger Functions Assembler Functions Prion Functions Evolution and Prevalence of Disorder Phylogenetic Distribution of Disorder Fast Evolution of IDPs by Point Mutations Fast Evolution of IDPs by Repeat Expansion Fast Evolution and Functionality of Disordered Proteins Structural Variability and Evolvability of New Functions Extension of the Structure-Function Paradigm Functions That Stem Directly from the Disordered State Recognition Functions: Recognition by Short Motifs Disorder-to-Order Transition in Recognition: Mechanistic and Thermodynamic Aspects Recognition Functions: Uncoupling Specificity from Binding Strength Implications of Disorder for the Kinetics of Interactions Adaptability and Moonlighting Nested Interfaces Disorder in the Bound State: Fuzziness Processivity of Binding Sequence Independence in Recognition Ultrasensitivity of Recognition Signal Propagation in the Structural Ensemble of IDPs Disorder and Alternative Splicing Molecular Mimicry by a Disordered Region Entropy Transfer in Chaperone Action Structural Disorder and Disease Structural Disorder and Cancer Structural Disorder in Proteins Involved in Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes, and Autoimmune Diseases Structural Disorder and Neurodegenerative Diseases Systemic Amyloidoses Common Themes in Amyloid Formation Does Structural Disorder Pose a Danger? Disorder in Pathogenic Organisms Rational Drug Design Based on Protein Disorder References


In the marine water column, microbial autotrophs and heterotrophs coexist forming the beginning of the food chain which sustains the whole biological system. Both groups play a vital role in the mi ...


Brazing diamond specimens was developed by high-frequency induction with a flowing argon atmosphere.Wear forms of wear was studied in grinding granite by observing the wear morphology of brazing diamond grits using three dimensional video microscope and scanning electron microscope(SEM).The experiment results indicated that the wear forms of diamond grits during grinding included integrity,flatting,micro-fracture and macro-fracture,and that the wear was mainly attributed to attritious wear and fracture of diamond.Moreover,microcrack inside the diamond grits is the main reason for the macro fracture and grinding processing parameters have remarkable influence on the wear of grits.


This thesis is aimed at making a synthesis between ethnology (social anthropology), anthropology and philosophy. How does the concept act within the cultural weaving ? how does it form within the understanding ? how does cultural activity react on the conception ? these are some of the problems which are being treatad and developped in the thesis, as well as the study of three concepts in the pre-colombian societies, inca and aztec : quantity, quality and integration. Another subject being developped is the formation of the concept in ancient greece, of the pre-socratic era.


Causal discovery is highly desirable in science and technology. In this paper, we study a new research problem of discovery of causal relationships in the context of streaming features, where the features steam in one by one. With a Bayesian network to represent causal relationships, we propose a novel algorithm called causal discovery from streaming features (CDFSF) which consists of a two-phase scheme. In the first phase, CDFSF dynamically discovers causal relationships between each feature seen so far with an arriving feature, while in the second phase CDFSF removes the false positives of each arrived feature from its current set of direct causes and effects. To improve the efficiency of CDFSF, using the symmetry properties between parents (causes) and children (effects) in a faithful Bayesian network, we present a variant of CDFSF, S-CDFSF. Experimental results validate our algorithms in comparison with the existing algorithms of causal relationship discovery.