In this paper, we have proposed and realized a novel precision full-wave rectifier using an all-pass filter as a 90° phase shifter. The circuit gives a dc output voltage that is almost the same as the peak input voltage over a frequency range of 50 Hz-1 MHz with a very low ripple voltage and low harmonic distortion. Oscilloscope traces of the rectified waveform for the proposed circuit show a ripple voltage of 12 mV obtained with an input voltage of amplitude 1 V and frequency 100 kHz.


Prolonged exposure of the developing neonatal ovine uterus to a progestin from birth prevents uterine gland development and creates an adult endometrial phenotype characterized by the absence of glandular epithelium, the uterine gland knockout (UGKO) phenotype. This study used endometrium from normal and UGKO sheep to identify messenger RNAs (mRNAs) expressed differentially in the endometrial epithelium using the molecular techniques of mRNA differential display PCR (DD-PCR) and suppression subtractive complementary DNA (cDNA) hybridization (SSH). Sequence analyses of DD- and SSH-identified and cloned cDNAs indicated similarity of some to known mRNAs, including β-lactoglobulin, alkaline phosphatase, type B and D endogenous sheep retroviruses, gp330/megalin, matrix Gla protein, and others. Other cDNAs were not similar to any known sequences and are considered novel, although some of these match human expressed sequence tags. In situ hybridization analyses of uteri from cyclic and pregnant ewes indicated th...


We apply the method of averaging to study small, possibly nonlinear perturbations to a harmonic oscillator, particularly including fractional derivative damping. The averaging procedure here corresponds to the general or aperiodic case, and requires evaluation of Fresnel type integrals. We also describe a conceptually simple numerical scheme which can be used to verify the accuracy of the averaged equations. Systems studied are a linear, fractionally damped oscillator, a van der Pol type oscillator with a limit cycle, and a weakly nonlinear system forced sinusoidally near resonance. The averaged dynamics closely matches the full numerical solution in each case. It is discussed, in light of the averaged equations, why fractional damping is not equivalent to some simple effective traditional damping.Copyright © 2003 by ASME


China's urban housing marketisation hinges on a sensible ratio of housing price to rent. This research derives a rational level for such a ratio and examines its distortions under the Chinese system. It shows that the prevailing housing price to rent ratios are significantly higher than the rational level for both subsidised and free-market housing. Unique Chinese housing market equilibria are analysed and policy recommendations on commercialising Chinese urban housing are suggested.


Summary This is the first attempt toward the development of robust design methodology applicable to gaskets as there is no such precedent in the sealing industry. This was achieved by drastically transforming the traditional approach toward the solution to leaking problem. This paper deals with a new all-metal gasket that incorporates strategically located circumferential annular lips that form seal lines with the flanges. The gasket, due to its special shape makes use of the material's spring effect, resulting in sealing performance. This approach is clearly distinct from the traditional one based on material development. By transforming a material development problem into one of mechanical design, we were able to optimize it using the Taguchi method. In FEM analysis, contact stress and deformation information was used to quantify leaking. Robust design methodology was developed and as a test case, a 25A sized industrial gasket was optimized using that methodology. Helium leak testing reveals considerable improvement in the sealing performance, hence verifying the applicability of the methodology developed.


The locator (tomograph) with super-scanning phased array antenna has the following basic unique possibilities: optimal energy distribution and resolving power in the surveyed space redistribution; reception of contour object's images in the far (Fraunhofer) zone with linear resolution independent of distance; super-resolution of objects in a group within visibility layers due to intentional increase of interval between reflected signals; increase of potential of the locator due to redistribution of the energy in the survey zone. It is shown that the locator with super scanning phased array antenna can be adaptive. This possibility can decrease vastly the total energy radiated into the atmosphere, in comparison with existing radars and lidars, i.e., can decrease the warming of the atmosphere.


The first azidoketenimines (6a,b) have been generated from the 3-unsubstituted 4-azidoisoxazoles (3a,b) by successive quaternization and treatment with triethylamine at –90 °C.


This study analyzes and examines the effect of taxpayer knowledge and tax socialization on taxpayer compliance. The effect of taxpayer knowledge and taxation socialization on taxpayer compliance if the strictness of tax sanctions moderates it. This research was conducted at KPP Pratama South Makassar, and this data was collected by distributing questionnaires online to registered taxpayers. The data source used in this research is primary data. The analysis method uses multiple linear regression with the help of the SPSS 21 program. This study indicates that taxpayer knowledge and taxation socialization have a positive and significant effect on taxpayer compliance. Furthermore, the firmness of tax sanctions strengthens the relationship between taxpayer knowledge and taxpayer compliance; and the firmness of tax sanctions strengthens the relationship between socialization and taxpayer compliance.


Abstract The effects of compositional changes and nonsymmetry-breaking Al-Si ordering on the displacive phase transition in anorthoclase have been studied using X-ray powder diffraction. The results were analyzed using a model based on Landau theory. The observed transition temperature, T∗ c, was found to be independent of orthoclase content in the range 0 < XOr < 0.02. For samples with XOr > 0.02, Tf decreases linearly with increasing XOr. This plateau behavior is explained by the finite volume of the strain field around each K+ ion: Chemical mixing behavior is observed only for average K -K+ distances of <20 Å. Increasing Al-Si order between the T1 and T2 sites causes Tc to increase; this is unlike T1o-T1m ordering, which prevents the transition to monoclinic symmetry altogether. The range of T∗ c values reported in the literature is shown to be consistent with different degrees of T1-T2 order.


Based on the engineering geological data of a nuclear power plant site, nine engineering geological profiles were created with hard interlayers of different thicknesses. The equivalent linearization method of seismic motion segment-input used for one-dimensional nonlinear seismic response analysis was applied to study the effect of the interlayer thickness on the peak acceleration and the acceleration response spectra of the site seismic response. The results showed that there was an obvious influence of hard interlayer thickness on site seismic responses. With the increase of hard interlayer thickness, the site nonlinear effect on seismic responses decreased. Under the same thickness of the hard interlayer, the nonlinear effect of the site was strengthened with the higher input peak acceleration. In addition, the short-period acceleration response spectrum was found to be significantly influenced by the hard interlayer and showed that the longer the period, the less influence of the hard interlayer on the acceleration response spectrum coordinates. Moreover, the influenced frequency band was wider with the increase in the thickness of hard interlayer.


The purpose of this study is to compare the relative efficiency of three methods of correlating classroom and laboratory work, in the study of high-school chemistry, as measured by immediate and delayed recall of subject matter. It will be seen that the methods vary with relative time of class and experiment ; but that other factors were kept as nearly constant as possible. The three procedures are indicated as : method 0, method 1, and method 2. By method 0, the experiment preceded the class work ; by method 1, a one day pre-view of the topic was made be fore the experiment; by method 2, all class-room work was completed before the laboratory period. The study will attempt to present answers to the following questions : 1. Will the pupil learn more effectively if he does the experiment and then studies in related subject matter than if he is given a pre-view of the topic in class and then w^orks on the experiment? 2. Will the pupil do better if he thoroughly covers the work in class before he does any laboratory work? 3. Which method is most efficient in instructing pupils of differing degrees of intelligence? Science teachers will agree probably that in beginning natural science courses, such as are found in the ordinary high school, the classroom and laboratory work should be definitely interrelated ; that is, on any given topic the two should run parallel, or at least one should follow the other quite closely. The committee on Chemical Education of the American Chemical Society, published in 19241 a Standard Minimum High-School Course in Chemistry. One of the principal teaching objectives of this course is : uTo develop a careful correlation between recitation and ex periment. " Whether the recitation should be followed by the experi ment or whether it is desirable to reverse the order is not stated.


Surface tension (σs in N/m or kgf/m in meter-kilogram-second (MKS) unit system)1 is resulted from the attraction effect between the molecules of the liquid due to various intermolecular forces.2,3 Because of this effect, the surface layer of the liquid behaves like a stretched elastic membrane that allows the insects (e.g. water strider, some spider species) to walk on the liquid and causes capillary action. Moreover, a change in temperature (T in°C or K) causes a change in surface tension of a liquid. When temperature increases, kinetic energy of liquid molecules increases, resulting a decrease in intermolecular forces. Thus, surface tension decreases with increase in temperature.2 The weight per unit volume of a substance is called the specific weight γ (in kgf/m3) and is determined from γ=ρg, where g is the acceleration of gravity (9.807m/s2) and ρ (in kgf.s2/m4) is density.4,5 In MKS unit system, the specific weight of water at 4°C is approximately 1000kgf/m3, and the density (mass density or specific mass) is about 101.97kgf.s2/m4. When the temperature changes from either greater or less than 4°C, the density will become less than this value. Water has the maximum density only when it is pure water. Other factors influence water's density such as whether it is tap or fresh water or saltwater, and these variations of water changes its density.6 A liquid can be considered to consist of molecular layers superimposed on one another. Although the liquid flows when a shear force is applied, however, the frictional forces between the fluid layers (e.g. two parallel layers moving in a liquid) provide a resistance to this flow. Therefore, viscosity (μ in kgf.s/m2 or ν in m2/s, respectively, for dynamic and kinematic viscosity) can be described as a magnitude of the resistance of a fluid to deformation under shear stress.2–5 In fluid mechanics, the ratio of dynamic viscosity (μ) to density (ρ) appears frequently. For convenience, this ratio is given the name kinematic viscosity (ν) and is expressed as ν=μ/ρ.4,5 It is noted that models for estimating liquid viscosities are much less derived than for gases, and their implementation is restricted to a qualitative definition. The behaviour of liquids is noticeably different from gases, and the viscosity decreases with increasing temperature for the liquids. This relationship can be mostly expressed in the form of an Arrhenius-type formulation. The surface tension, specific weight, and kinematic viscosity of water are important parameters for many biological or industrial processes.4–7 The use of computational techniques for various aims (e.g. modelling, simulation, and solving problems) has recently received considerable attention, particularly among researchers in science and engineering. Modelling not only helps develop a comprehensive understanding of a process, but also has the potential to predict and solve problems in specific processes.8 Mathematical modelling and computer simulation are also valuable and powerful tools for describing and evaluating their performance under both dynamic and steady-state conditions. On the other hand, there are few systematic articles on the implementation of forecasting models that can be used directly for both design and educational purposes.9,10 However, to the best of the author's knowledge, there are no systematic papers specifically devoted to the development of deterministic equations for prediction of the present fluid mechanics-related parameters (e.g. surface tension, specific weight, and kinematic viscosity of water) in the same study. From both engineering and educational perspectives, this work offers a specific computer-based implementation (including nonlinear regression-based analysis, detailed statistical assessment, and special MATLAB®-based simulations) specifically aimed at exploring explicit formulations for the estimation of these parameters as a function of temperature (i.e. a single input multiple outputs (SIMO)type modelling study).In consideration of the foregoing facts, the overall objectives of this study were: (i) to derive simple and explicit equations for practicing engineers, researchers, and students, which makes them possible to precisely forecast surface tension, specific


The spectral correlation function(SCF) of the reconnaissance signal combined sine FM and interpulse pseudo-random code PM was deduced.A recognition algorithm was given, which included the estimation of carrier frequency,modulation frequency,modulation coefficient,and the width and period of subpulse and coding number based on the characteristic of SCF of narrowband and broadband FM.The influence of SNR on parameter estimation precision was analyzed.The simulation results show that the NRMSE of estimation of carrier frequency and modulation frequency is less than 2.5% when SNR is equal to-5?dB,and the NRMSE of pseudo-random code less than 7.5% when SNR is more than 0?dB.


The Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA) created new rules and regulations for transportation planners and providers that have significantly increased the responsibility for decision-makers in their consideration of where and how to commit resources for transportation investments. Transportation planning and design professionals are beginning to look at the year 2020 as the planning horizon year, and everyone involved in this activity is expecting to exercise 20/20 vision in developing the most cost-effective decision-maker consensus and environmentally acceptable Transportation Plan for the year 2020. The major investment study (MIS) process provides transportation planners with the opportunity to perform micro-transportation planning for corridors in a systematic manner and allows decision-makers of Federal, State, and local governments as well as the general public and stakeholders of many organizations a second chance for 20/20 vision if the target was missed in a specific corridor during the Transportation Plan process for horizon year 2020. The Dallas-Fort Worth Mobility 2010 Plan update for 2020 is discussed as an example.


UNLABELLED
Canine models of autologous PE and balloon occlusion of the pulmonary vasculature were used to evaluate radioaerosol deposition and to quantify radioaerosol clearance in the immediate postembolic period.

METHODS
A total of 28 animals were anesthetized, intubated and studied (central balloon occlusion = 4, peripheral balloon occlusion = 7, autologous PE = 5, various control groups = 12). A gamma camera computer system was used to monitor the distribution and clearance rate of inhaled DTPA radioaerosol. The perfusion defect distribution was determined after the radioaerosol study using 99mTc-MAA.

RESULTS
A new radioaerosol deposition defect was seen in 3 of 16 animals in a zone of acute vascular occlusion by a balloon (n = 2) or PE (n = 1). In addition, radioaerosol clearance rates were altered substantially. Peripheral vascular occlusion and PE caused radioaerosol clearance rates to accelerate significantly (control clearance half-time = 33.6 +/- 4.6 min, post-balloon occlusion = 19.0 +/- 8.3 min, post-PE = 12.4 +/_ 3.7 min, both p < 0.05). In only one case did these clearance rate changes create a visible abnormality in the aerosol images.

CONCLUSIONS
The pulmonary deposition patterns and clearance rates of 99mTc-DTPA radioaerosol can be altered by acute vascular occlusion or PE. These findings should be considered when interpreting radioaerosol images in patients with suspected PE.


We have fabricated and investigated the optical properties of highly lattice mismatched AlInSb thermophotovoltaic cells grown on GaAs substrates. Defects, such as dislocations and surface damage, were minimized by controlling the strain of the film structure and by using a silicon nitride passivation layer. An output power density of 9.7 mW cm−2 was achieved under 1000 °C blackbody radiation with an incident power density of 1.63 W cm−2, which gave a power conversion efficiency of 0.59 %. Optimal efficiency of above 5% was estimated by a simulation using recombination parameters obtained from electroluminescence analysis. Additionally, a six-fold increase in spectral efficiency was confirmed by using a 3.3 μm monochromatic light source, which indicated that a thermophotovoltaic cell with a high efficiency of more than 30% would be possible in combination with wavelength-selective emitter.


Telerehabilitation (TR) is a growing technology aiming to improve post-recovery care for patients. TR offers an in-home, autonomous assistant for instructing and tracking patient progress during post-recovery care. Numerous budding technologies serve as potential solutions for in-home physical therapy (PT). This paper first goes through and compares several leading methodologies for telerehabilitation. After that, PyTracker, a mobile platform that uses an RGB camera, machine learning algorithms, and statistical analysis approaches to track and monitor the range of motion, is introduced. The proposed platform's ability to determine the range of motion during exercise is evaluated and proven to deliver clinical accuracy.


The following enzymes were detected in conidia of Aspergillus oryzae var. No. 13 that were collected from a soy sauce factory: phosphatases acting nonspecifically on nucleotides; ribosidase(s) acting on adenosine, inosine, guanosine and xanthosine; and deaminases acting on guanine, adenosine, guanosine, cytidine, AMP and GMP. Most phosphatase activity was found to be bound firmly to the conidia. Thus, when a nucleotide solution was passed through a conidia-containing column, the corresponding nucleoside was recovered as a clear and colorless solution. The bound phosphatases were rather stable at pH 4 to 9 and at temperatures below 50°C. The optimum conditions for activity were at about 45°C and at pH about 5 and 8. When UMP·Na2 solution was passed through a column containing 5 g of the conidia, about 200 mg of substrate was hydrolyzed per 1 hr. Conidia of molds belonging to the genus Aspergillus may be industrially employed as naturally immobilized phosphatases.


The transfer‐matrix method is used to solve several one‐ and two‐medium problems in plane geometry. The formal solutions are given in terms of operators which make no reference to the interactions or to the nature of the flux approximations. This formulation points up the structural similarities between solutions of various problems.


Traditional topology optimization techniques, such as density-based and level set methods, have proven successful in identifying potential design configurations for structures and mechanisms but suffer from rapidly increasing design space dimensionality and the possibility of converging to local minima. A heuristic alternative to these approaches couples a genetic algorithm with a Lindenmayer system (L-system), which encodes design variables and governs the development of the structure when coupled with an interpreter to translate genomic information into structural topologies. This work discusses the development of a graph-based interpretation scheme referred to as spatial interpretation for the development of reconfigurable structures (SPIDRS). This framework allows for the effective exploration of mechanism design spaces using a limited number of design variables. The theory and implementation of this method are detailed, and multiple case studies are presented to demonstrate the ability of SPIDRS to generate adaptive structures capable of achieving multiple design goals.


During the design and construction of new head-end facilities to dissolve zirconium-clad nuclear fuel at the Idaho Chemical Processing Plant, the existing analytical facilities were determined to be inadequate for providing analytical analysis results necessary to support future operations. New analytical facilities were constructed that combine state-of-the-art analytical technology with systems for remote operation, maintenance, and waste handling.


The present invention relates to a process for the continuous production of biodiesel from biogenic fat- or oil-containing starting mixtures containing a high proportion of free fatty acids and an apparatus for the production of biodiesel.


We present a new algorithm for the fast expansion of rational numbers into continued fractions. This algorithm permits to compute the complete set of integer Euler numbers of the sophisticate tree graph manifolds, which we used to simulate the coupling constant hierarchy for the universe with five fundamental interactions. Moreover, we can explicitly compute the integer Laplacian block matrix associated with any tree plumbing graph. This matrix coincides up to sign with the integer linking matrix (the main topological invariant) of the graph manifold corresponding to the plumbing graph. The need for a special algorithm appeared during computations of these topological invariants of complicated graph manifolds since there emerged a set of special rational numbers (fractions) with huge numerators and denominators; for these rational numbers, the ordinary methods of expansion in continued fraction became unusable.


Natural capital refers to the natural environment around us that provides the goods and services to sustain life on this globe and includes soil, air, water, plant and animal biomass, forests, fish populations and mineral deposits. Sustainability could be defined as the level of consumption that satisfies the demand of the present without compromising the need of the future generations and not demeaning natural capital stocks. A serious threat to the current framing of natural capital is its apparent seclusion from financial capital and mainstream economic and social activity. This seclusion leads to indiscriminate use of nitrogen fertiliser to increase productivity per unit area in crop fields or decreased protein returns in aquatic habitats ultimately leading to ecological mayhem. However, indigenous people living in traditional societies are found to have strong conservation ethics arising out of their age-old ecological knowledge, protecting natural capital in their native homeland. The sacred groves in India, Tukano Indians in North West Brazil, tribesmen in TransFly region in Papua New Guinea, Masai in African Savanna are some of the examples. This article highlights some of the novel approaches adapted to protect natural capital and includes Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) and natural capital accounting. PES are evolving as a creative and motivational strategy for natural capital conservation in many parts of the world, especially in Latin America. The natural capital accounting assign monetary value to natural capital and could bridge the apparent seclusion of natural capital from financial capital. The national Governments and world leaders are taking a broader perspective to look into the options of sustainable development to maintain natural capital stocks and many such projects are put forth in different countries. The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment and Sustainable Development Current World Environment www.cwejournal.org ISSN: 0973-4929, Vol. 15, No. (2) 2020, Pg. 335-345


A treatment apparatus reduced pressure comprising: a piston chamber having a closed end; a piston (231) disposed within the piston chamber and is movable between an extended position and a compressed position; a loading chamber (355) disposed between the piston and the closed end, so that the loading chamber has a first volume when the piston is in the compressed position and a second volume when the piston is in the extended position , so that the first volume is less than the second volume; a biasing member (243) adapted to force, or load, the piston (231) toward the extended position; a valve member (235), adapted to allow fluid to exit the charging chamber (355) as the piston (231) moves to the compressed position and preventing fluid from leaking into the load chamber (355) as the piston (231) moves towards the extended position; characterized by a regulated chamber (359); a step (275) through the piston to allow fluid communication between the regulated chamber (359) and the loading chamber (355); and a regulating member to regulate fluid communication through the passage (275) between the loading chamber (355) and the regulated chamber (359), such that the regulating member comprises a regulating spring (307) a seat (279) valve, disposed adjacent the passage, and a body (303) valve capable of engaging the seat (279) valve in order to substantially reduce fluid communication through the passage (275) ; such that the regulator member closes the passage to prevent fluid communication through the passage (275) when the pressure within the regulated chamber (359) is less than or equal to a pressure of therapy desired, and the regulator member opens step (275) to allow fluid communication through the passage (275) when the pressure within the regulated chamber (359) is greater than the desired therapy pressure.


The Chinese stock markets were extremely volatile during the period 2005-08. The Shanghai Stock Exchange (SSE) Composite Index increased more than sixfold from 1,012 in 2005 to 6,124 by the end of 2007. It then declined continuously to reach a low of 1,929 on 17 September 2008, or a drop of 70 per cent from its peak in less than 10 months. Although the market downturn may have been affected by the financial crisis in the United States and the rest of the world, the extreme fluctuations of stock prices signify a big market bubble, and the burst of that bubble must be explained by intrinsic characteristics or the economic psychology of Chinese investors. Based on a detailed market data analysis, this paper attributes the development of the stock market bubble to three key psychological factors: 'greed', 'envy' and 'speculation', and the burst of the bubble to three contrasting factors: 'fear', 'lack of confidence' and 'disappointment'. It concludes that only after Chinese companies become really commercialised and profitable and investors become rational can the stock markets become stable without extreme volatility as seen in the past. Government policies can play a role in soothing market volatility detrimental to shareholders and the wider economy, but investors should not depend on government for making their own investment decisions. Copyright 2009 The Authors. Journal compilation 2009 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.


This article charts the application and development of the Polluter-Pays Principle (PPP) in one sphere of international law (civil liability for accidental marine oil pollution); a liability regime, very much grounded in its own traditions, which often interacts uncomfortably with national and regional law. The article explores the application of the principle at international, regional and national levels, using the demise of the vessels 'Erika' and 'Prestige' and the case law flowing from the subsequent environmental disasters to illustrate how the principle has developed in this area of international law and how this has the potential to influence its development in other jurisdictions.


Abstract : A non-proprietary flexible sheet explosive having high power and brisance was developed through replacement of a major portion of the inert plasticizer used in the Picatinny Arsenal-developed non-proprietary replacement for DuPont's E1 506C, Type II with an energetic liquid nitric ester.


Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), being commonly
used in all the sectors of an economy and one of the most important driving forces
for social development in the last 20 years, facilitated to product goods and service
for producers. Besides that, ICT has been begun to substitute other production
factors, by reason of being cheaper of communication tools such as computer or
internet and the changes observed in these tools. As it is looked consumers'
perspective, falls of the prices and the high performance in these technologies
reasoned in being used of them in every moment of daily life.
The main purpose of this study is to compare the ICT performances of Turkey and
Bosnia Herzegovina, based on the data set of the World Bank. KA M'S Custom
Scorecards model developed by the World Bank has been used in the study. As a
result of the analyses, it has been found that Turkey has delivered a better
performance in general than Bosnia Herzegovina has done, except for the variables
of Internet Users and Price Basket for Internet.


In this work an intelligent infrastructure is shown, which allows to detect obstacles in railways, based on optical emitters. The sensorial system is based on a barrier of emitters and another of receivers, placed each one of them at one side of the railway. Apart from the disposition of the sensorial system, is also presented a codification method of the emission in order to detect the reception or the non-reception of transmissions between an emitter and a receiver. The presented method is based on a signal codification using complementary sequence pairs, suitably adapted for their simultaneous emission through the transmission channel. A high reliability under adverse conditions is achieved with the developed system, being possible to detect the presence of obstacles, and to inform about their situation.


This paper discusses the development pattern of "Component technology + VB" and gives an example, "OF-NRMS", based on "MapX + VB". It also discusses in detail the method of data binding, navigator and the thematic map. It solves the problem of the organization and the management of the data distributed in geographical space. Forth more the advantage of this method is pointed out.


Upon the development of a linear economy, global enterprises are facing resource depletion, ecological collapse, and unsustainable economic growth, and the living environment is facing ordeals as well. Taiwan's resources are extremely dependent on imports; hence the need for change in the thinking of economic development is arising. The purpose of this study is, based on the concept of circular economy, to discuss the business model and anticipated benefits of Chyhjiun Jewelry Co. Ltd., by using the method of expert interview, participant observation, and method of secondary data collection with the ReSOLVE framework. The results of the study found the developable ReSOLVE business model of the target company Chyhjiun Jewelry in our case study; the ReSOLVE business model includes the use of renewable energy, maintenance and repair services, modular product design, a recovery mechanism, a virtual online shopping platform, and 3D printing technologies. The model established enterprise recycling model as well as the benefits of green management, of which the research results could reduce costs, help the company in exercising its corporate social responsibility, add value to the brand, and generate anticipated benefits arising from other enterprises' follow-up actions.


This review examines the phenomenon of hate crimes in the United States. Findings derived from the FBI data for the period 1996–2008 revealed that the incidence of anti-racial hate crimes varied among different racial groups, that antireligious hate crimes were committed toward Jews and Muslims more than toward others, and that antisexual orientation hate crimes focused on male homosexuals more than others. Antireligious hate crimes were more likely to be directed against property, whereas anti-racial and antisexual orientation hate crimes were more likely to be directed against people. We discuss these findings in the light of some relevant theoretical perspectives from social psychology. Potential solutions to hate crimes could be developed by focusing on the most relevant predictive factors.


Biochemical Cards improved species level agreement to91.0%.Subsequent retesting ofalldiscrepant isolates withtheGramNegative Identification Cardresulted insignificant improvement ofresults, andforthestock andfreshclinical isolates, species level agreement was 98.7and97.3%, respectively. AMS susceptibility testing was evaluated by comparing ampicillin andcephalothin MICs determined inparallel by AMS and a reference broth microdilution testforstockisolates, andbycomparison ofAMS andstandardized diskagardiffusion test results forfresh clinical isolates. Forthestock isolates, AMS mean integer MICsapproximated microdilution mean integer MICswithAMS,providing excellent MIC replicability. Forampicillin andcephalothin, 50and 46.8%, respectively, ofAMS integer MICswerewithin +1,ug/ml ofthereference values, and89.3and63.1% ofAMS integer MICswere within±2,ug/ml ofthereference values. Forthefreshclinical isolates, AMS and reference results wereindisagreement for4.5%oftheantimicrobial agents tested, with2.3%asacombination of"major"and"verymajor" errors.


E&P software has rapidly evolved from the early interpretation workstations of the 80-90s to a sophisticated, integrated and unified system for interpretation, visualisation and increasingly virtual or augmented reality. However, relatively less effort has been spent in investigating how people, either teams or individuals, interact with these technologies towards realising the value for their organisations. In recent years much emphasis has been placed towards enabling team-based collaborative work processes within visualisation centers (Collaborative Visualisation Environments, henceforward abbreviated as CVE's), but a simple truth remains that specific core tasks in E&P are performed primarily by individuals. At risk of generalisation, whereas Development and Production are predominantly team-based work processes, Exploration on the other hand is a task that relies heavily on an individual's skills for discovery. The E&P enterprise that recognizes the individual's relevant skills and provides an environment for both the individual as well as teams to perform optimally gains a significant competitive advantage. Additional efforts are needed to specify and provide visualisation environments for individuals or small teams geared towards Exploration.


The classical Kirschner wires and tension band wiring technique, described by the AO foundation, has been the most widely used method for transverse patella fractures. In this study, we have adopted what we perceive to be an improved technique, the cannulated cancellous screws with modified tension band wiring. 20 patients with transverse patella fractures were included in our prospective single-blinded randomized control study with a duration of 3 years. All patients were operated on with modified tension band wiring with a 4 mm cannulated cancellous screw. Functional evaluation was made using the Tegner lysholm knee scoring scale. Roentgenograms were taken in AP and Lateral views to look for signs of radiological union and interfragmentary gap. The post-operative interfragmentary gap between fracture fragments with 65% of patients having a 0 mm gap, 25% of patients having a 1 mm gap, 5% of patients having a 2 mm gap, and 5% of patients having a 3 mm gap. The mean duration for the radiological union was 10 weeks. Mean Tegner lysholm score at 6 months was 88±4.7. We concluded that modified tension band wiring with cannulated cancellous screw is a safe, reliable, and better alternative method of fixation for transverse patella fractures with excellent union rate, range of motion, and functional outcome.


Gallium arsenide, one of the Group III-V intermetallic compounds, appears to be an excellent semiconductor for use in point-contact devices. This paper describes some recent work in which single-crystal gallium arsenide, with resistivity adjusted to fit the application, is used for point-contact rectifiers which operate efficiently as frequency converters at frequencies as high as 60 kmc, and for switching diodes which show no minority carrier storage effects for switching time of the order of 10−10 seconds. These devices will operate over a considerable range in temperature.


In this reflections article, we describe how we decided to conduct this study and provide a description of the procedures we followed after conceptualizing the study. We then provide a description of our reanalysis of the entire process based on the results of the study. We can honestly report that, because we did not obtain the results we had anticipated, we were forced to think about what we had executed in an entirely new way.


Similar to J‐resolved spectroscopy, also, heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC), heteronuclear single bond correlation (HSBC), and heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence (HMQC) types of correlation experiments result in homonuclear tilted multiplet patterns. On the example of the high‐resolution heteronuclear single bond correlation (HR‐HSBC) pulse sequence, it is shown how the tilt angle can be varied within a wide range of positive and negative values. Projection along the tilt angles in all cases results in homonuclear decoupling. Using well‐known projection reconstruction techniques, the different tilt angles can be used to reconstruct a homonuclear decoupled two‐dimensional correlation spectrum. The concept is proven and further refined by segmental projection reconstruction and the use of a clean in‐phase heteronuclear single quantum correlation (CLIP‐HSQC) spectrum with an effective zero tilt angle for further filtering. The proof of principle, its application to one‐bond coupling measurement, as well as a basic HMBC, and a detailed discussion with comparison to other homodecoupling techniques are given.


Background: This study was conducted in department of obstetrics and gynaecology, to know the efficiency of risk of malignancy index (RMI) to differentiate a malignant from a benign tumor and to compare the efficiency of risk of malignancy index 1 and 2 (RMI1 and RMI2). The study was conducted from June 2012 to August 2013 in women who got admitted with adnexal tumor.Methods: It was a prospective study. A proforma was designed for each patient which included, name, age, complaints, menopausal status, parity, past and family history and associated medical condition were asked. Indivisual parameters namely ultrasound score, CA125 and menopausal status and risk of malignancy index was calculated and compared with final histopathological diagnosis and sensitivity specificity and positive predictive value was calculated for each.Results: : The sensitivity of RMI1 is 87.95%, specificity is 75%, positive predictive value is 94.8%, negative predictive value is 54.54%, percentage of false negative is 12.04% and percentage of false positive is 25%. The sensitivity of RMI2 is 86.74%, specificity is 81.25%, positive predictive value is 96%, negative predictive value is 54.16%, percentage of false negative is 13.25% and percentage of false positive is 18.75%.Conclusions: The efficiency of RMI was definitely better than indivisual parameters and efficiency of RMI 1 and RMI2 are similar.


My focus is the role of the National Library of Australia in ensuring significant Australian resources in online form are collected, archived and available for use in the long-term. I will also raise some issues that are of particular relevance to today's audience. The first stage in ensuring sustainable access to digital resources is to protect the resources from sudden loss by placing them in a safe place—a digital archive—where they can be stored, accessed and managed. It is this first stage that I will concentrate on. An equally important stage in ensuring on-going access is, of course, carrying out preservation.


on the grounds that this first appears in Plato's Cratylusl (If only because of its typical ingenuity I cannot resist referring the curious reader here to Cornford's explanation of why Pindar describes Pan as MeydXas &eov Kvva navToSairov in CQ 3 [1909], 281 ff., together with the even more ingenious, but perhaps far-fetched suggestion in CR 26 [1912], 180 f.) For the Rhapsodic theogony W. has an attractive argument connecting its creation, as a single poem in twenty-four books, from the various ' rhapsodies' current in the poet's time, with the invention at Pergamum of the theory of a Pisistratean recension of Homer (246 ff.)Yet here again not all his points are equally cogent. It is true that the Stoics allegorised the golden chain in Iliad 8. 19 ff. But one sees from Euripides, Orestes 982 ff. and Plato, Theaetetus 153c that they were not the first to do so (cf. PCPS 201 [1975], 70). As the Stoics took over and developed earlier allegories it is not so easy to disentangle what is influenced by their theory from cases where they themselves are influenced by such allegories, or by Orphic poetry itself. This is of course no new problem: cf. the review of past debates in Guthrie, Orpheus and Greek Religion 73 ff. It would, however, be unfair to imply that objections such as these undermine the value of this book altogether. As with all W.'s works, it is extremely learned, and as one would expect, the discussion of Near Eastern and Egyptian parallels is particularly interesting. It might be fair to say in conclusion that given the extremely fluid and shifting nature of much of the material with which he is dealing, we should be grateful to him for giving us some areas at least of relatively solid ground from which to contemplate the surrounding quicksands!


In order to resolve the problem that pv array under partial-shading has multiple mpps(maximum power points) and the conventional optimization algorithms can't effectively track the global mpp,a control algorithm based on particle swarm optimization algorithm(PSO) was proposed in the paper.In the Matlab environment,the photovoltaic array model and the control strategy is programmed with M-function The simulation results show: the algorithm not only has the features of Good dynamic performance,high accuracy of steady-state,but also can track the global mpp.It is proved that PSO method is superior to the conventional optimization algorithms.


Treatment of high chloride wastewater is difficult. To overcome this difficulty, a kind of material is designed containing Ru, Ti and activated carbon to remove chloride, and Ru-Ti-AC composite basket electrode is manufactured, through electrochemical method to remove chlorine in wastewater. Cl− removal efficiency of catalytic basket electrode in different factors and an in-depth research of Cl− removal mechanism were studied. The experiments were carried out under the conditions of initial pH of 2, reaction time of 60 min, electric current density of 400 mA, Cl− concentration of 12,000 mg/L. The experimental result showed that removal of Cl− could reach 80% in the laboratory. The composite basket electrode also had a good treatment effect on actual high chloride wastewater, and the removal rate of Cl− could reach 75% in the industrialized treatment of desulfurization waste water.


I want to begin with the word "ethics" itself The traditional term used by Plato for this sort of inquiry was ''politics'', and this is the term Aristotle himself first uses to describe such questions as, "What is justice?" "What is virtue?" "What is a good human being?" However, Aristotle soon makes a distinction that is found nowhere in Plato, a distinction between two kinds of human excellences, or virtues, the first class called "intellectual", that is excellences of speculative reason, and a second class called "ethical", roughly speaking, excellences of behavior. The term "ethical" is new, coined by Aristotle to mark his distinction. He will then go on to describe his inquiry as ''ethics'', and this is the word used in the titles ofhis two books on the subject. Words related to ethos in their root sense refer to what is typical or customary, for example in Homer and Herodotus to the usual dwelling places of horses or lions, or to the accustomed abodes of men. The words can also refer, as in Herodotus, to the manners or customs of a people, and this is especially the force of the Latin word mores, from which we get our own word "moral", and also of Kant's word, Sitten, usually translated "morals". It might seem then that the importance of these words for Aristotle would be to call attention to what is customary or traditional in human societies


Electrical intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) has been widely used to study the functional organization of the motor cortex. The ICMS with longer stimulus trains of about 500 ms (long-duration ICMS) evoked complex and coordinated movement, similar to those of natural behaviour. A recent paper (Ramanathan et al., 2006) have reported that long-duration ICMS in rat motor cortex can result in complex, multijoint forelimb movements organized in a roughly topography. We pose the question if different features of motor control (e.g. body map, movement patterns, target location in space) can develop overlapping maps in the forelimb region of the rat's M1. We performed long-duration ICMS to evoke complex, multijoint forelimb movements and we used 3D motion analysis tools to measure kinematic variables of electrically-evoked movements. The analysis was aimed to define the classes of movement and their topography across the cortical surface. Then, the following kinematic parameters, related to the limb and the paw component, were determined from the analysis: maximal displacement in XYZ, latency, duration, peak velocity, mean velocity, number of peak velocity , trajectory, vector, path index.
According to our methode, the repertoire of the limb movement included: abduction, adduction, extension, retraction and elevation while paw movements included: opening, closure, opening/closure sequence and supination.
To analyze our data, multivariate test for difference in means (MANOVA), one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test were performed.


The invention relates to a semiconductor power component stack (1) in flat conductor technique with surface-mountable external contacts (33) and a method of manufacturing the same. For this purpose, the semiconductor power device stack (1) at least two MOSFET power semiconductor components (2, 3), each having a top face (4, 6) and a bottom (5, 7). In this case, the underside (5, 7) to a drain outer contact surface, a source external contact surface and an outer gate contact area. The upper side (4, 6) has at least one source external contact surface and a gate external contact surface. The gate outer contact surfaces (10, 12) on the upper side (4, 6) and the bottom (5, 7) are electrically connected to each other. The semiconductor power component stack (1) is a series connection or a parallel connection of stacked MOSFET power semiconductor components (2, 3) in a plastic housing composition (31).


The paper presents a research study conducted at Suleyman Demirel University that aimed in in-vestigating the perceptions of characteristics of an «Ideal English Language Teacher» by students and teachers. Those characteristics are divided into two categories of personal and professional qualities. The second one includes such sub-categories as: English proficiency, pedagogical knowledge, organization and communication skills, and socio-affective skills. The data were collected through the questionnaires among 157 students and 17 ELT teachers at the faculty of Education and Humanities. The quantitative findings revealed that students and teachers placed an importance on both qualities. However, there were found statistic differences. Students perceive psychological skills as the most essential quality that Ideal ELT teacher should have, in contrast according to teachers' perceptions English Proficiency is considered as highly necessary quality.


Earth fissures have been observed in hundreds of areas worldwide but their automatic detection is still a challenge. The use of remote sensing technology can effectively extract the information of ground fissures. Its application is of great utility especially in places hardly accessible to the in-situ reconnaissance, such as in coal-mining regions, where the monitoring of ground fissures is absolutely necessary to guarantee the safety of the mining operations. One of the most limits to the use of the automatic extraction of ground fissures by remote sensing is the low precision of the results. Aiming at this problem, this paper proposes a hierarchical extraction method to improve the accuracy of ground fissure automatic extraction on the basis of the GeoEye-1 optical images. Firstly, the image is segmented to set adjacent pixels as one object. According to the spectral and geometric characteristics of segmentation object, surface cover obviously different with the ground fissures are removed by mask tool. Then, the linear objects are extracted through the method of canny edge detection and the left surface cover is removed. Finally, the fractal characteristics of linear objects are calculated to distinguish the ground fissures from other linear surface factors. A coal-mining region of northeastern Ordos was chosen as a case test area to detect the validity of the proposed method. The results show that the method is better than the traditional method to extract ground fissures. The overall accuracy of the proposed method is 85.7%, while that of traditional supervised classification only 57.1%.


The presence of ammonia in fly ash, resulting from the injection of ammonia to control NO x emissions, could create a major barrier to the utilization of fly ash in concrete. Practical guidelines on acceptable concentrations of ammonia in ash for specified applications, as well as for its safe handling are needed. The goal of this work is to develop a better understanding of the behavior of ammonia-laden ash in Portland cement-based products. The technical approach entails the measurement of ammonia release from mortar, concrete, and controlled low-strength material (i.e. flowable fill). This paper presents results from controlled laboratory experiments designed to measure the evolution of ammonia from mortar.


Imatinib has shown the high effectiveness in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) therapy. Recent papers have demonstrated that the achievement of complete cytogenetic response and major molecular response to imatinib therapy may be related with more than 1000 ng/ml imatinib plasma level. Trough plasma concentrations of imatinib (Ctrough) were detected in 551 samples of 442 CML patients. Blood samples were collected 24 b 3h after the last IM dose at 300 (n = 8), 400 (n = 337), 600 mg (n = 155) QD and 12 b 3h after the last IM dose at 800 mg BD(n = 51). Imatinib plasma concentration was determined by a validated LC/ MS/MS method. Rationales for imatinib blood level testing: the patient is not responding as well as the physician would expect, the physician suspects that the patient may be nonadherent to imatinib, the physician suspects that the patient may be experiencing a drug-drug interaction, the patient is experiencing unusually severe side effects. A result of nonadherence to treatment is one of the most important reason of treatment failure or suboptimal response to imatinib (n = 32; 5.8 %). The level of noncompliance increases with higher imatinib doses. Imatinib trough plasma level less than 1000 ng/ml were founded in one half of cases.


Temperature dependence of the in-plane electrical resistivity, $\rho_{\rm ab}$, in various magnetic fields has been measured in the single-crystal La$_{2-x}$Ba$_x$CuO$_4$ with $x=0.08$, 0.10, 0.11 and La$_{1.6-x}$Nd$_{0.4}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$ with $x=0.12$. It has been found that the superconducting transition curve shows a so-called fan-shape broadening in magnetic fields for $x=0.08$, while it shifts toward the low-temperature side in parallel with increasing field for $x=0.11$ and 0.12 where the charge-spin stripe order is formed at low temperatures. As for $x=0.10$, the broadening is observed in low fields and it changes to the parallel shift in high fields above 9 T. Moreover, the normal-state value of $\rho_{\rm ab}$ at low temperatures markedly increases with increasing field up to 15 T. It is possible that these pronounced features of $x=0.10$ are understood in terms of the magnetic-field-induced stabilization of the stripe order suggested from the neutron-scattering measurements in the La-214 system. The $\rho_{\rm ab}$ in the normal state at low temperatures has been found to be proportional to ln(1/$T$) for $x=0.10$, 0.11 and 0.12. The ln(1/$T$) dependence of $\rho_{\rm ab}$ is robust even in the stripe-ordered state.


In article the comparative analysis of basic elements and the directions of youth policy in Russia and foreign (first of all western) the countries, the directions of implementation of the target programs promoting improvement of various fields of activity of youth in these countries is carried out. Besides, the assessment of efficiency of methods of work used by the foreign states with youth and its involvement in political processes of these countries is given, possibility of use of these methods conditions of modern Russia is considered. The separate block in article considered legislative base of youth policy in the various states. The comparative analysis of youth policy of Russia and foreign countries allows to draw a conclusion on possibility of use of foreign experience in the Russian practice, under condition of its adaptation to our realities.


Abstract : The paper describes a computer graphics language which can be used to easily display complex structures on a medium scale computer system, such as the XDS 9300/AGT-10 complex at the Naval Postgraduate School. GRAFTRAN (Graphic Extensions to FORTRAN) provides the full capabilities of FORTRAN and includes features that represent a cross-section of operations which are used in present day computer graphics systems. The user is completely isolated from the mechanism to construct and display an image and the manipulation of the data involved. The paper also includes a survey of languages and data structures currently used in graphical applications, and an example GRAFTON program. (Author)


Determination of particle size and distribution of HDPE powder was studied by dispersion of powder in ethanol-water and measured by laser particle size analyzer.


Unlike swimming pools imbedded onto the ground,elevated swimming pools are generally built indoor occupying space of several floors.Below the elevated swimming pool there are usually public business places,and any seepage will cause great economic losses.Therefore,the waterproofing requirements for elevated swimming pools are quite demanding.In order to guarantee the design and construction quality of elevated swimming pool and preclude quality problems like seepage,various parties including the client,the designer,the supervisor and the contractor all attach great importance to the issue.In the paper,the authors share their insights in the issue by making a case study on design and measures in construction in waterproofing of an elevated swimming pool in a hotel from the perspective of project management.


Desmodium sequax WALL. and Phyllodium pulchellum L. belong to the family Leguminosae(Fabaceae). In past Phyllodium pulchellum was named Desmodium pulchellum. Desmodium sequax and Phyllodium pulchellum look similarly, so we need to find a method to identify them. This research is mainly to discover the differences between Desmodium sequax and Phyllodium pulchellum by appearance (fruit, seed, pollen) and histological anatomy. And, we duplicate ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) region extracted from plant using by the technology of PCR (Polymerase chain reaction). ITS region is different in each species, even they are the same genus. So it is usually used to identify differences in plants. By sequencing, we found that ITS1 and ITS2 length of Desmodium sequax is 225 bp and 197 bp. ITS1 and ITS2 length of Phyllodium pulchellum is 225 bp and 209 bp. We set up a quantitative method of HPLC to determine the content of rutin in Desmodium sequax and Phyllodium pulchellum. The result shows that the rutin content of Desmodium sequax is 0.004 % and of Phyllodium pulchellum is 0.026 %. This method has a high degree of sensitivity, reproducibility, precision and recovery rate. Base on HPLC method, we select 5 peak to set up fingerprint in order to identify Desmodium sequax and Phyllodium pulchellum. In this study, we try to find a best method to identify Desmodium sequax and Phyllodium pulchellum. In future our aim is to find hepatoprotective effect in this two plants.


A without causing the bridge to provide a solder transfer sheet capable of increasing the solder transfer amount. A solder transfer sheet 1A comprises a substrate 5, an adhesive layer 4 formed on the surface of the substrate 5, a solder powder containing adhesive layer 3 formed on the surface of the adhesive layer 4, the solder powder-containing adhesive and a solder powder layer 2 formed on the surface of the layer 3, a solder powder layer 2, the solder powder 20 are arranged in a planar first layer, the solder powder-containing adhesive layer 3, adhesive component and the solder powder 30 31 are mixed, with a thickness of the solder powder 30 overlap in a plurality of layers. .FIELD 1


Terpenes, with approximately 30,000 compounds, are considered one of the most important classes of natural products isolated from plants. They have high economic value and have applications in several areas such as pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Among the terpenes, diterpenes are notable by exhibiting anti-microbial, insecticidal, anti-carcinogenic, anti-diabetic and neurobiological activities [1-3]. Microbial transformations of diterpenes have been reported as an alternative tool to furnish new derivatives [4]. Advantages of using this kind of enzyme transformation include high level of regio-and stereoselectivity, require mild reaction conditions and are important steps to introduce functional groups into inaccessible sites of the molecules, producing rare structures [3-6].


The purpose of this paper is to search after early American modernization's track,through Dr.Zhang Shaohua's writing,to draw a comparison between modernization of America and China,and to get some inspiration from the successful experiences during early American modernization.


Children with B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia and B-cell lymphoma, particularly those with relapsed or refractory disease, are increasingly enrolled on phase II and phase III clinical trials studying immunotherapies. These therapeutic agents may be associated with a high risk of cytokine release syndrome (CRS), and nurses lack standardized guidelines for monitoring and managing patients with CRS. Six studies and one clinical practice guideline were included in this systematic review that examined the evidence of CRS following administration of chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy or the bi-specific T-cell engager antibody, blinatumomab. Six nursing practice recommendations (five strong, one weak) were developed based on low or very low-quality evidence: three reflect preinfusion monitoring, one focuses on monitoring during and postinfusion, and three pertain to the nurse's role in CRS management.


While physical activity was believed to have numerous benefits on animal memory, it is still unknown whether physical exercise may also function to decrease the risk of infecting Alzheimer's disease or retard the development of Alzheimer's disease in the human brain. In this study, two approaches involving genetic knockout mice with a herpes-virus-1 infection under the genetic background of APOE4 allele and with rare Familial -Alzheimer's -Disease genes were used to provided relevant biological background, and further testing on the intensity of beta-amyloid protein was used to illustrate the effect of the intensity of physical exercise on both prevention and control of Alzheimer's disease. In this research, both experiments are hypothesized that mice groups with high intensity of physical exercise in a certain experimental period may reflect lower percentage growth on concentration of beta-amyloid, therefore supporting the hypothesis that physical exercise have positive effect on both prevention and control of Alzheimer's disease in animal brains. This study suggests a new possibility for Alzheimer's patients to take initiation in self-controlling the disease through physical exercise aside from intaking ineffective medical drugs with severe side effects. Besides, the study also alludes that under continuous physical exercise, patients may provide a potentially new body condition for further biological studies to be based upon, therefore promoting future investigation on efficient drugs.


In this paper we have argued that a task that interacts with its user needs to have the user intentions explicitly represented. The user intentions depend on the current situation during a task execution. We consider several structures of user intentions and point out that they are useful in (a) responding to unexpected events in the world with regard to an intended action, and (b) executing the action at the best available opportunity. However, complex intentional structures result in computational overhead called mental effort for an agent. We measure the mental effort of an agent in terms of its intentions over time in different shopping scenarios and observe that repetitive (loop based) actions result in larger mental effort compared to simple and conditional actions. Index Terms - agents, interactive tasks, intentions, mental states.


Jbilet Winselwan is one of the largest CM carbonaceous chondrites available for study. Its light, major, and trace elemental compositions are within the range of other CM chondrites. Chondrules are surrounded by dusty rims and set within a matrix of phyllosilicates, oxides, and sulfides. Calciumand aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) are present at ≤1 vol% and at least one contains melilite. Jbilet Winselwan is a breccia containing diverse lithologies that experienced varying degrees of aqueous alteration. In most lithologies, the chondrules and CAIs are partially altered and the metal abundance is low (<1 vol%), consistent with petrologic subtypes 2.7–2.4 on the Rubin et al. (2007) scale. However, chondrules and CAIs in some lithologies are completely altered suggesting more extensive hydration to petrologic subtypes ≤2.3. Following hydration, some lithologies suffered thermal metamorphism at 400–500 °C. Bulk X-ray diffraction shows that Jbilet Winselwan consists of a highly disordered and/or very fine-grained phase (73 vol%), which we infer was originally phyllosilicates prior to dehydration during a thermal metamorphic event(s). Some aliquots of Jbilet Winselwan also show significant depletions in volatile elements such as He and Cd. The heating was probably short-lived and caused by impacts. Jbilet Winselwan samples a mixture of hydrated and dehydrated materials from a primitive water-rich asteroid. It may therefore be a good analog for the types of materials that will be encountered by the Hayabusa-2 and OSIRIS-REx asteroid sample-return missions.


Harvesting of Non‐Timber Forest Products (NTFPs) can threaten target species, especially those with limited distribution and density. Exploited species also face threats from habitat fragmentation, fire, and invasive species. We assessed the impact of human disturbances and invasive species on the population of a key multipurpose NTFP species, Mimusops andongensis, in Lama Forest reserve (Benin). The densities of adult trees and regenerative stems decreased with increasing degradation. Mimusops andongensis contributed less to total tree density with increasing human disturbance. There were significantly fewer M. andongensis recruits with increasing cover of invasive Chromolaena odorata. Smaller diameter individuals predominated in non‐degraded and moderately degraded sites while in degraded sites, the structure showed a negative exponential trend with the density of small diameter individuals being less than two trees/ha. Larger individuals were also rare in degraded sites. The low density of both mature trees and seedlings in degraded sites may undermine the long‐term viability of M. andongensis, despite existing protection against NTFP harvesting and other anthropogenic pressures. Management should emphasize facilitating recruitment subsidies and limiting the presence of C. odorata.


Introduction COVID-19 has profoundly disrupted healthcare systems worldwide. Changes to clinical care, including cancellation of elective surgeries and near wholesale shift of out-patient visits to teleor e-consults, have impaired experiential learning. In-person didactic or small-group sessions, housestaff rotation and licensing exams have been cancelled or made impossible, with necessary shifts to remote education. This crisis uniquely affects surgery programs, as trainees must develop operative skills alongside clinical expertise. Urology training programs have had to quickly adapt to pandemic regulations which indirectly mandate reduced clinical duties and OR exposure.1,2 As a result, there has been reduced operating room (OR) access to assist in limiting personal protective equipment (PPE) use, cancelled off-site rotations, modified call duties, and limited outpatient contact.1,3 Given these unprecedented limitations there has been a drastic shift towards online learning, shown to be an effective teaching tool in resident education.4 This includes the use of online platforms such as Zoom, for didactic learning and journal clubs, and the promulgation of online lecture series hosted through several institutions.5,6 There is little clarity on the best approach however multiple modalities are being used to continue and enhance resident education. Our study captures how Canadian urology residency programs have adapted their educational approaches, and departmental procedures.


Objective: To observe the myocardial protection of cardioplegic solution with creatine phosphate (CP) in children. Methods: Thirty children undergoing heart surgery were randomly divided into two groups: group A received cardioplegic solution with CP, and group B accepted No 2 Thomas' cardioplegic solution. The myocardial protection was evaluated by the volume of cardioplegic solution, heart arrest and resuscitation, postoperative arrhythmia and troponin T (TnT) levels. Results: There were no differences in heart arrest and resuscitation, ST-wave, and postoperative arrhythmia between two groups. Intra- and post-operative TnT contents were lower in group A than that in group B. Conclusion: Cardioplegic solution with CP provides the satisfied myocardial protection compared with crystalloid cardioplegic solution in children.


I am writing on Kim Novak's contribution to Vertigo, her ninth feature film, because it has been overlooked and undervalued. Novak has long been an actor I greatly admire; she had already proven herself a performer of genuine talent with The Man With the Golden Arm and, particularly, Picnic but it is with Vertigo that the core of Novak's screen image is fully realized. Vertigo is also, in my opinion, Alfred Hitchcock's finest achievement. I have previously written on Kim Novak's career in CineAction No. 7. This piece concentrates on Novak's work with Hitchcock and the extraordinary results it produces. Kim NovakparKim Novak was chosen by Harry Cohn in 1953 to replace Rita Hayworth, Columbia Pictures' reigning sex symbol. Cohn gave Novak, a twenty-one-year-old aspiring model who had no professional acting experience, a huge publicity build up and launched her career with a low budget film noir, Richard Quine's Pushover (1954), which co-starred her with Fred MacMurray. Novak was cast as the femme fatale. The film was followed quickly with a supporting role in Phffft (1954), a Judy Holliday comedy. In Phffft, Novak played a dumb blonde patterned on the roles that Marilyn Monroe had specialized in during the early 1950s and, Mark Robson, the film's director, encouraged Novak to imitate Monroe. Novak gained serious critical attention when Cohn cast her as the female lead of Joshua Logan's Picnic (1955) and then lent her to Otto Preminger for his highly controversial and dramatic The Man With the Golden Arm (1955). During this period, Novak received essentially favourable reviews although the critics, while noting her charisma, were reluctant to acknowledge that Novak truly possessed acting talent. Novak's status as an actor remained uncertain, but her popularity with the public wasn't in doubt. By 1956, Novak was considered Hollywood's top female box-office property. Columbia Pictures, encouraged by her ability to garner a respectable critical reaction in high profile projects, cast Novak in the title role of Jeanne Eagels (1957). With Jeanne Eagels, Novak was burdened with a double responsibility--playing a self-destructive, highly talented theatrical actress of the 1920s, she was to prove that she could `act' and, as her male co-star was Jeff Chandler, a B film actor, carry the film's box-office value. While Novak had received good press for The Eddy Duchin Story (1956), a George Sidney film, her work in Jeanne Eagels was considered incompetent; furthermore, the film, despite a massive publicity campaign, failed to be the commercial success the studio anticipated. The damage Jeanne Eagels did was compounded when later in the year, Pal Joey, another George Sidney film, was released. Novak's performance was brutally panned, and the mainstream press began saying that Novak had never been anything other than a manufactured star foisted on the public. It was in this context that Novak, in 1958, appeared in Hitchcock's Vertigo. While her reviews weren't particularly negative, there was no indication that Novak's contribution to the film deserved recognition. However, Vertigo is the film in which Novak confirmed the potential she displayed so clearly in her previous films. Bell, Book and Candle (1958) and Strangers When We Meet (1960), both directed by Richard Quine, illustrate that Novak benefited from the experience of making Vertigo. These films contain subtle, expressive performances but Novak's growth as an actor continued to be ignored--the closest she came to `serious' acting occurred with Delbert Mann's Middle of the Night (1959), an attempt to distance herself from her movie star identification. Middle of the Night didn't significantly alter Novak's reputation with the critics nor did her performance as Mildred in Ken Hughes's Of Human Bondage (1964). Recently, Jack Lemmon, in a Variety supplement celebrating Columbia Pictures' 75th Anniversary, was asked to comment on Rita Hayworth, Kim Novak and Judy Holliday. …


Abstract Radiata pine (Pinus radiata D. Don) is the most important tree species in Chilean forest economy that was introduced to the country in 1892. Despite its economical end ecological relevance, no information about its genetic diversity is today available. Forty individuals of P. radiata, representing all populations in the Chilean radiata pine breeding program were genotyped with five microsatellite loci in order to determine genetic diversity and structure of Chilean plantations. The results of genetic diversity indicated that, after its introduction and mass planting, Chilean plantations of P. radiata has retained levels of genetic diversity similar to those of the natural populations of the species (HE=0.87, A=11.4). Genetic differentiation among populations (FST=0.04) was low, which means that the genetic variation present in radiata pine in Chile is partitioned among populations, indicating they are poorly differentiated. The structure analysis indicated the genetic base of the present plantations in Chile comes only from one provenance of the native populations. The genetic information provided important implications for the future breeding programs of P. radiata in Chile.


Abstract This article chronicles a 2009–10 lecturing and research Fulbright award for The University of Zambia in Lusaka. It explains the background for the application and discusses an overview of the lecturing experience. It also discusses two research projects, the first involving interviews with people who have HIV/AIDS. The second was a survey of religious leaders, two mainline protestant denominations and Muslim Imams. Both the teaching and research experiences have enriched the material used in teaching public administration and public policy courses. The author intends to follow the literature: Share information about their host country with colleagues, recommend that faculty colleagues apply for Fulbright scholarships, become more aware of cultural diversity, encourage students to study abroad, incorporate Fulbright experience into curricula, and share information with community groups.


Because of the development of the economy, the enterprisesareinvolvedinamorecomplexeconomicenvironment.There area lotof non-definite factorsin accounting, which directly affectthequalityoftheaccountinginformation. Thefactorsinclude thedefectsinaccountingsystem, ccountingprinciples, accounting standard andthe accountants' specialty knowledge andprofessional morality.Inthisarticle, Imadesomeanalysisonnon-definitefactors inaccountingrecognition, accountingmeasuresaccountingpolicies and the performance of the accountants, which I hope could be useful to improve the quality of the accounting information.


Aims: We undertook this study to define the incidence of toxigenic Clostridium difficile in our hospital and to characterise the isolates. Methods: All unformed stool was tested for the presence of Toxin A (TcdA) and Toxin B (TcdB), and cultured for C. difficile. Culture filtrates were also tested for TcdA and TcdB. Detection of tcdA and tcdB genes was carried out for A−B+ strains by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of metronidazole, vancomycin and clindamycin for all isolates were tested using the Etest. PCR ribotyping was carried out on all isolates. Results: The incidence of Clostridium difficile associated disease (CDAD) was 3.2 cases per 1000 admissions or discharges and 53.8 cases per 100 000 patient days. Most cases occurred in renal and haematology patients. CDAD was more common in patients aged over 50 years and of male gender. The Indian population was under‐represented. Fourteen (11.8%) isolates were A−B+. All strains were susceptible to metronidazole but one strain showed intermediate resistance to vancomycin. Only 12.8% of the isolates were susceptible to clindamycin. Thirty‐five isolates had PCR ribotype A, of which 29 (83%) had a clindamycin MIC >256 mg/L. Thirty‐three had PCR ribotype B, of which only one (3%) had a clindamycin MIC >256 mg/L. The 14 A−B+ strains were all PCR ribotype C, and had a range of MICs for clindamycin from 2 to >256 mg/L. Conclusions: The incidence of CDAD in our hospital is relatively low. Isolates remain susceptible to metronidazole and vancomycin.


Case discussion is a tried and true method of resident and fellow education. In addition to simulating actual clinical practice, it requires the trainee to learn actively, which is superior to learning passively. Also, an inherent dual-pronged motivational system is built into the traditional case format. The joy of being right is tempered by the shame of being wrong— both motivational extremes being quite effective. The authors of Thoracic Imaging: RadCases have compiled 100 cases in this highly portable, 224-page text, which is part of a series of specialty-specific case-based reviews. They aim to present both common and uncommon thoracic imaging cases to prepare residents for board examinations. The authors effectively present cases in a highly structured format, which allows the reader to efficiently peruse cases and assimilate data. Images are presented as unknowns on the right-hand page along with a short sentence regarding clinical presentation or history. The following left-hand page is divided into imaging findings, differential diagnosis (with the correct answer), essential facts, and pearls and pitfalls. Where appropriate, a section on other imaging findings is also included for cases in which alternative thoracic imaging modalities (ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, angiography) are helpful in diagnosis. The imaging findings show the original images with arrows and a short caption to clearly delineate pathology. As promised by the authors, cases include both common and uncommon entities. The broad gamut of cases adds to the value of the text. However, a minor shortcoming is that a few diagnoses are repeated. Rather than using a traditional text format, information is presented in bulleted form to aid the reader in quickly assimilating information. The authors effectively use a full-sentence format within this framework, which aids in clarity at the expense of textual efficiency. Images are generally plentiful, of high quality, and sufficient in size. Differential diagnoses are succinct and appropriate. However, because the correct diagnosis is always placed first in the list of differential diagnoses, even in cases in which the correct diagnosis is not the most likely, this format has the potential to be misleading or confusing to the reader in a few cases. The authors and their publisher have also developed a web-based format in which all cases in the text can be viewed online, as well as 150 supplemental cases—a resource that today's tech-savvy residents will highly appreciate, if not demand. There are options to view cases randomly or to search for cases matching certain criteria, including patient demographics, type of pathology, differential diagnosis, and modality. The intuitive online interface mirrors the framework presented in the hardcopy text. Additionally, the online format allows for images to be magnified to accentuate subtle pathology. Cases can also be electronically marked as "mastered" or "revisit" to increase efficiency of future review. This book compares favorably with arguably the gold standard in the case-based genre, the Case Review series. Both offer a wide spectrum of common and uncommon cases. The Case Review series has the potential to increase the degree of active learning by its inclusion of multiple questions with each case. However, case discussion is more quickly assimilated using the consistent programmed format of RadCases. In summary, Drs Restrepo and Zangan have compiled a valuable collection of cases in Thoracic Imaging: RadCases. The format is highly efficient in presenting cases and mimics case presentation during oral board examinations. Considering its affordability, high quality, and supplemental online content, I would highly recommend this book to any trainee or general radiologist who enjoys the case-presentation format.


By using the theories on Stokes multicolored water waves and taking two layer ocean as a basic model of stratified ocean,the paper analyzes the problems related to the effects of nonlinear water wave on offshore structures. A mathematical expression is presented to describe second order wave radiation conditions. Using integral principle,an analytical integral solution is given to evaluate second order scattered wave loads on general vertical circular cylinders in two layer ocean,and special recurrence formulas for infinite integrals over free and stratified surfaces are derived.


Samples of Bi2−xPbxSr2Ca2Cu3O10+d have been elaborated by use of three different methods. The first method uses a precursor obtained from CaCO3, SrCO3 and CuO. In the second method the CuO is not used to obtain the precursor while the third method is without precursor. At each step of the elaboration, the samples are analyzed by means of X-ray powder diffraction. Final samples are characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy. The three methods allows to obtain a pure Bi2−xPbxSr2Ca2Cu3O10+d phase. AC and DC Susceptibility measurements show the same critical temperature, Tc, but different dependance temperature when the constant applied field is changed. Differences are also observed in magnetization measurements at 5 and 80 K. The results are correlated with the different granular structures obtained by the three methods. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)


Hybridization between butternut (Juglans cinerea), a forest tree native to eastern North America, and Japanese walnut (J. ailantifolia), a tree tolerant to the lethal fungal disease butternut canker, casts doubt on the genetic identity of the remaining butternuts. We report a diagnostic test to distinguish the J. cinerea chloroplast from the J. ailantifolia chloroplast using cleaved amplified polymorphic sequences resolvable in 1.5% agarose gels. J. ailantifolia maternal ancestry in naturally regenerated stands provides a site selection criterion for studies of introgression dynamics when the non‐native parent and the hybrids tolerate a disease to which the native species is susceptible.


This paper proposes to consider this issue from the perspective of education product itself.It simply analyses the effect of enhancing the quality competitiveness on school revenue,cost and social implications from the angle of school management,and confirms the importance of enhancing the quality competitiveness for newly-built colleges.In the end,this paper points out that it is a key point of using school research approach and adopting the idea of total quality management to build an all-round quality management system in college.


In radiation therapy treatment planning, recent works have used machine learning based on historically delivered plans to automate the process of producing clinically acceptable plans. Compared to ...


The French explorer, surveyor, cartographer, and diplomat Samuel de Champlain (c. 1575-1635) is often called the Father of New France for founding the settlement that became Quebec City, governing New France, and mapping much of the St. Lawrence and eastern Great Lakes region. Champlain was also a prolific writer who documented his experiences in the Americas, including his travels, impressions of the New World, and encounters and alliances with native peoples.


It is an old opinion that infectious diseases can be generated from putrid exhalations. Not long before our time lklurchison had tried to demonstrate this thesis by typhoid fever, referring its cause especially to sewer gases, which sometimes penetrate into habitations. In fact, he had observed that epidemics of typhoid became excessive principally where the conditions of the surrounding inhabitants were the worst, through the bad construction of closets. It was in this precisely that the &dquo;pythogenic theory'' consisted, in which it was endeavoured to affirm the spontaneous and self-produced generation of typhoid fev er.


We first obtain the electric and magnetic fields corresponding to a `spin'-orbit classical interaction of a r^2 potential. Assuming that Maxwell equations hold for these fields, we infer the conditions on the `spin' vector forbidding magnetic monopoles


DC mode and Planar mode are suitable to predict flat area and angle modes can well predict blocks with a single direction texture. However, above modes can not predict complex blocks effectively, whereas the correlation between the chroma and the luminance is quite high. To address this issue, this paper firstly proposes a chroma component prediction algorithm based on luminance template matching, and then improves the original HEVC chroma DM mode. Since chroma blocks of different size have different texture characteristics, different fusion algorithms are used for different template matching algorithm. The improved DM mode of the current chroma block uses the neighbouring chroma modes and the corresponding luminance block is taken into account. Therefore, the correlation between chroma and luminance is sufficiently utilized. To further improve the coding performance, convolutional filtering is used for chroma blocks with size under 32×32. The experimental results indicate that the algorithm proposed in this paper shows superior performance compared with HEVC standard, with bit rate saving 1.49% and 1.68% on average for Cb and Cr component respectively. And the average utilization of proposed mode is higher than that of some other original chroma intra prediction modes, which proves the effectiveness of our algorithm again.


The aim of this research is to examine the affect of corporate governance mechanism on disclosure of intellectual capital on the banking sector companies. 27 companies were taken as samples on this research. The objective of this research is to prove the affect of corporate governance mechanism on disclosure of intellectual capital on the banking sector companies. The analytical methods used in this research are Partial Least Square (PLS) and test directly (direct effect). Results indicated that the variable of corporate governance was positively affect the disclosure of intellectual capital on the banking sector companies which means all information in companies were disclosed. Keywords: mekanisme corporate governance, intellectual capital disclosure


The facts behind unsustainably rising healthcare costs are complex and daunting. Although MRI exams represent a small fraction of these costs, the tremendous versatility of MR may allow it to have an outsized, positive effect on healthcare value. Realizing this potential requires innovation, purposeful communication, an increased understanding of what drives diagnostic decisions, improved efforts to better define and assess clinical impact, and a commitment to identify and address the inefficiencies in MRI use. Towards this objective, the ISMRM and RSNA recently co-provided a workshop on High-Value MRI. The tone of the workshop was highly positive, with broad agreement that action by our field is needed, accompanied by new frameworks and processes. There was a strong belief that a renewed focus on innovation and novel utilization of MRI can both address the economics of value (reducing costs) while simultaneously improving patient care. The following specific goals towards achieving "High-Value MRI" are synthesized from the workshop talks and discussion.


The papers in this session provoked the author's interest in considering how one might apply spatial econometric and spatial statistical techniques to issues in fisheries economics. The author will not consider specific issues raised in the session papers, but instead will briefly introduce spatial modeling techniques that can be applied to two recurring themes in the session. The first theme is prediction of the spatial variation of revenue at a particular site location, addressed with the use of spatial prediction models, or kriging. The second theme is the well-established use of discrete choice models in the context of


In the 1920s women's civil rights were discussed at different stages of the public sphere in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay. Nevertheless, the formula "full civil capacity" was long retarded. In this context, we observe a provocative phenomenon: the lives, works and deaths of three women that transited a common fate. Through the study of this phenomenon we can look at the process of women's civil emancipation from a new perspective. A juridical and comparative interpretation of it helps to underline the limits of a process of emancipation of which these women were undoubtedly part of at least as individuals.


In this paper, the authors develop a closed-form model formulation for multiple discrete-continuous choices that allows a non-additive utility structure, and accommodates rich substitution structures and complementarity effects. The utility functional form proposed here remains within the class of flexible forms, while also retaining global theoretical consistency properties. The result is also clarity in the interpretation of the model parameters. The proposed Generalized Multiple Discrete-Continuous Extreme Value (GMDCEV) model is easy to estimate, and should represent a substantially more accurate representation of the underlying preferences for many multiple discrete-continuous choice situations.


An estimate model of line of sight(LOS) angular velocity aimed at radome error slope was presented.Based on the optimal filtering theory of structure stochastic jump system,a new algorithm for estimating LOS and correcting the radome error was proposed.At the same time,other two simple algorithms were deduced.The results of simulations show that when radome error slope stochastically changes in a wide range,all above three algorithms can correct the radome error,precisely estimate LOS angular velocity and reduce the missing distance obviously.But three algorithms are with different complexity and precision.According to different requirements of computing time and memory size in the application,the appropriate algorithm is selected to meet all the conditions in the project.


This study analyzed groundwater quality in hydroponic cultivation facilities. Through this study, the possibility of groundwater use was evaluated according to the quality of the groundwater for hydroponic cultivation facilities. Good groundwater quality, on average, is pH 6.61, EC 0.27 dS/m, NO3-N 7.64 mg/L, NH4-N 0.80 mg/L, PO4-P 0.09 mg/L, K 6.26 mg/L, Ca 18.57 mg/L, Mg 4.38 mg/L, Na 20.85 mg/L, etc. All of these satisfy the water quality standard for raw water in nutrient cultivation. But in the case of farmers experiencing problems with groundwater quality, most of the items exceeded the water quality standard. As a result of the analysis, it was judged that purifying groundwater of unsuitable quality for crop cultivation, and using it as raw water, was effective in terms of water quality and soil purification. If an agricultural water purification system is constructed based on the results of this study, it is judged that the design will be easy because the items to be treated can be estimated. If a purification system is established, it can use groundwater directly in the facility and for horticulture. These study results will be available for use in sustainable agriculture and environments.


In this paper we prove that any Bernoulli polynomial of even (odd) order is an absolutely convergent series of functions from some Rademacher chaoses, each of them is of even (odd) order


This remarkable book is part of the  owering of Russian historiography since the end of the Cold War. It is not only that sources are available now that were hidden before, but questions emerge that were anathema before the fall of the Soviet empire. One such question is how did the Russian population manage to survive the multiple catastrophes of twentieth century history? This question could not be posed before 1991, since it bypassed the heroic linear narrative of the regime, or the demonology of the anti-Communist brigade among Soviet historians. Once we dispense with the onward march of the working class or the evil genius of Stalin as 'explanations' for Soviet developments, we enter a much more interesting terrain, which Merridale surveys with poise, control, deep sympathy and integrity. Above all, she sidesteps the lies which the regime presented as 'explanations' of whatever cataclysm it precipitated or mangled. In their place are voices—multiple voices of those who (perhaps to their own surprise) survived to tell their tales. And what tales they are. They range from reactions to the First World War, to the civil war which followed it, to starvation in the famine of 1921 and the even worse famine of 1932–33 in the Ukraine, to accounts of the treatment of prisoners in the Gulag, to voices recalling the murder of Soviet Jews by the German army after 1941, and to combat deaths in the Second World War. Each one of these disasters is wrenching enough; how in the world did the inhabitants of the Soviet Union endure them all and still retain their humanity? The answer is at the core of this book, a testament to the stubborn survival of decency in an indecent century. Some did not retain their humanity, but millions of others did, and their language infuses this study with its compassion, its colour, its sense of the oddity of twentieth century violence. Oddity is the right word because it juxtaposes the very familiar with the completely uncanny. In a way, this is the great strength of Merridale's book. She uses language and methods which we in the West have applied to catastrophe and shows that our parameters don't easily Ž t the evidence. One such parameter is the notion of 'trauma', roughly deŽ ned as a life-threatening event so overwhelming that it cannot be remembered directly, but rather is buried underground, emerging at unpredictable intervals to plague the life of the survivor. Merridale shows that her Russian interlocutors do not believe in this category. Their stoicism goes along with a crude denial of the existence of mental illnesses of various kinds. Thus, to claim that Soviet society was subject to what in the West is termed 'traumatic memory' is to expose your non-Russian credentials. From a Russian point of view, those who believe in traumatic memory have fallen into the cult of the individual. The more sturdily collectivist features of Soviet


Chapter 1 places Kant's declaration about his debt to Hume against the background of the Preface to the Prolegomena as a whole. It argues that Kant sees Hume's attack on metaphysics as a contribution to Enlightenment. Kant praises Hume by opposing his critics, like Beattie, whose invocation of common sense against Hume Kant associates with the Inquisition's enforcement of orthodoxy via "chisel and hammer." We must read Kant's defense of Hume, the Preface argues, against the background of the scandal produced by Hume's Dialogues. Kant's evocation of Horace links the Preface with Kant's "What Is Enlightenment?" and its motto sapere aude. It must be read alongside Hume's attack on priestcraft in the Enquiry and in "Of the Rise and Progress of the Arts and Sciences."


Review(s) of: A biographical dictionary of the Twentieth-century Royal Navy: Volume 1 admirals of the fleet and admirals, by Alastair Wilson, Seaforth Publishing, Barnsley, UK, 2013, GBP30.


The article discusses product quality management issues for intelligent transport systems, as well as defines the role of the quality management system in the overall management system in the enterprise. With the help of the software complex, strategic planning, enterprise processes were automated with the definition and consolidation of performers and key indicators, generation of regulatory documentation, monitoring of processes, mandatory documented procedures.