The present invention relates to a carbon dioxide separation method using the conductive membrane and a method of manufacturing the same, and the separation membrane having the property of selectively separating only carbon dioxide from a gas mixture containing carbon dioxide. Conductive carbon dioxide separation membrane provided by the present invention has the infinite selectivity for carbon dioxide at temperatures above comprises a conductor, the molten carbonate and the electronic conductor is an oxide of carbonate ions, 500 ℃. The carbon dioxide separation membrane, a conductive membrane, molten carbonate, an electron conductive oxide


We present higher dimensional versions of the classical results of Euler and Fuss, both of which are special cases of the celebrated Poncelet porism. Our results concern polytopes, specifically simplices, parallelotopes and cross polytopes, inscribed in a given ellipsoid and circumscribed to another. The statements and proofs use the language of linear algebra. Without loss, one of the ellipsoids is the unit sphere and the other one is also centered at the origin. Let $A$ be the positive symmetric matrix taking the outer ellipsoid to the inner one. If $trace A = 1$, there exists a bijection between the orthogonal group $O(n)$ and the set of such labeled simplices. Similarly, if $trace A^2 = 1$, there are families of parallelotopes and of cross polytopes, also indexed by $O(n)$.


Multiple distortion assessment is a big challenge in image quality assessment (IQA). In this letter, a no reference IQA model for multiply-distorted images is proposed. The features, which are sensitive to each distortion type even in the presence of other distortions, are first selected from three kinds of NSS features. An improved Bag-of-Words (BoW) model is then applied to encode the selected features. Lastly, a simple yet effective linear combination is used to map the image features to the quality score. The combination weights are obtained through lasso regression. A series of experiments show that the feature selection strategy and the improved BoW model are effective in improving the accuracy of quality prediction for multiple distortion IQA. Compared with other algorithms, the proposed method delivers the best result for multiple distortion IQA.


Most historians still assume that emigration from the Russian empire to Canada was confined to Jews, Germans, Mennonites, and Doukhobors who fled political and religious oppression. In his well-researched and path-breaking monograph, the author challenges such assumptions and demonstrates that most of the Russian subjects who crossed the Atlantic between 1905 and 1914 were Ukrainian and Belarusan peasant sojourners attracted by short-term economic opportunities in Canada's resource frontier and eastern urban centres. Based primarily on an analysis of untapped personal migrant files in the archive of the Imperial Russian Consulate (the Li-Ra-Ma Collection) at Library and Archives Canada, the monograph also draws on collections in Canadian church archives, in the Library of Congress, and in Russian and Belarusan state archives and libraries. Russian-, Ukrainian-, and Belarusan-language newspapers and periodicals published in the tsarist empire and in North America, and an array of studies on late imperial Russian, Canadian, and migration history, supplement the author's archival sources. Kukushkin argues that the empire's western borderlands beyond the Dnieper River basin were 'the easternmost segment of the Atlantic migration system.' Acquired after the partitions of Poland, these lands retained cultural and commercial ties with the West. When rapid population growth, hereditary partible land tenure, low levels of urbanization and industrialization, poor soil in Belarus, and the dominance of nobleowned capitalist estates in Ukraine produced land hunger and few job opportunities, Ukrainian and Belarusan peasants chose migration to North America rather than seasonal labour in Russian cities or homesteading in Siberia. The westward flow of migration was strongest from Grodno province in Belarus and Podolia province in Ukraine, which supplied Canada with more migrants than any other province in the empire. Significantly, a majority of the Podolian migrants came from Kamenets, a border district adjacent to those Galician and Bukovynian counties where Ukrainian (Ruthenian) mass emigration from Austria to Canada was most intense. The Canadian government made no effort to attract Slavic homesteaders from the Russian empire, but after 1905 railway, mining, and steel interests recruited unskilled workers. Consequently, Ukrainians and Belarusans came to Canada as migrant labourers, often after slipping humanities 585


In this study, the reaction conditions for lipase-catalyzed resolution of racemic naproxen 2,2,2-trilfluoroethyl thioester were optimized, and the effect of surfactants was investigated. Among the organic solvents tested, the isooctane showed the highest conversion (92.19%) in a hydrolytic reaction of (S)-naproxen 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl thioester. In addition, the isooctane induced the highest initial reaction rate of (S)-naproxen 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl thioester (), the highest enantioselectivity (E = 36.12) and the highest specific activity () of lipase. Furthermore, reaction conditions such as temperature, concentration of the substrate and enzyme, and agitation speed were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the statistical analysis indicated that the optimal conditions were , 3.51 mM, 30.11 mg/mL and 180 rpm, respectively. When the optimal reaction conditions were used, the conversion of (S)-naproxen 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl thioester was 96.5%, which is similar to the conversion (94.6%) that was predicted by the model. After optimization of reaction conditions, the initial reaction rate, lipase specific activity and conversion of (S)-naproxen 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl thioester increased by approximately 19.54%, 19.12% and 4.05%, respectively. The effect of surfactants such as Triton X-100 and NP-10 was also studied and NP-10 showed the highest conversion (89.43%), final reaction rate of (S)-naproxen 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl thioester () and enantioselectivity (E = 59.24) of lipase.


The global composite market has been developing dynamically in recent years. The main goal of introducing composite materials as a replacement for metal - is to reduce the capital and operating costs of the enterprise. This paper describes Volga Gas's experience in developing four areas of composite materials application: well loops, tubing, petroleum product storage tanks, and process pipelines.
 The main goal of this project was to replace metal well plumes with composite ones. As a composite material, the company "Volga Gas" suggested using fiberglass pipes, the installation of which is carried out in an easier way due to the absence of the need for welding operations and electrochemical protection. The last stage of this test is non-destructive testing. The technology of application of tubing is also offered (НКТ) made of composite materials. Despite the fact that the technology of launching composite tubing is similar to metal tubing, it has a number of advantages during further operation. It is important to note the technology of manufacturing tanks from composite materials. This technology is quite popular in remote fields, and the company "Volga Gas" successfully implements projects for the use of composite reservoirs in these conditions. The main advantage of replacing a metal tank with composite ones is a sharp reduction in the complexity of installation, and as a result, its terms. This paper also describes the technology of using pipes made of low-pressure poly-ethylene (GYL). These pipes can be widely used as process pipelines for corrosive liquids.


Abstract. Poor visibility due to the effects of light absorption and scattering is challenging for processing underwater images. We propose an approach based on dehazing and color correction algorithms for underwater image enhancement. First, a simple dehazing algorithm is applied to remove the effects of haze in the underwater image. Second, color compensation, histogram equalization, saturation, and intensity stretching are used to improve contrast, brightness, color, and visibility of the underwater image. Furthermore, bilateral filtering is utilized to address the problem of the noise caused by the physical properties of the medium and the histogram equalization algorithm. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach, we compared our results with six existing methods using the subjective technique, objective technique, and color cast tests. The results show that the proposed approach outperforms the six existing methods. The enhanced images, as a result of implementing the proposed approach, are characterized by relatively genuine color, increased contrast and brightness, reduced noise level, and better visibility.


Abstract Using a leaked document trove containing 800 model bills, we analyze the American Legislative Exchange Council's (ALEC) hidden corporate profit making in the prison–industrial complex. We find that ALEC seeks to expand the private prison industry in three ways: (1) promoting greater use of private prisons, goods, and services, (2) promoting greater use of prison labor, and (3) increasing the size of the prison population. ALEC's efforts to increase the prison population by expanding definitions of existing crime, creating new crimes, enhancing enforcement of existing crimes, amending the trial process to increase the likelihood of incarceration, and lengthening prison sentences for crimes pose a threat to civil liberties. ALEC's unorthodox policy approach exemplifies John Gaventa's theory that powerful interests maintain their power by creating conditions in which citizens are not able to identify and advocate on behalf of their interests.


OBJECTIVES
This study aims to determine the normative values of middle ear resonance frequency in healthy adults.

PATIENTS AND METHODS
Sixty adult volunteers (32 females, 28 males; mean age 31.8±7.1 years; range 21 to 46 years) with normal otoscopic examination, audiometry and electroacoustic immitancemetry findings were enrolled in the study. The middle ear resonance frequencies were calculated by multifrequency tympanometry.

RESULTS
The mean resonance frequency for all volunteers was 999.6±134.9 Hz. The mean resonance frequency was 1020.8±140.6 Hz for the right ear, and 978.3±180.5 Hz for the left ear. The mean resonance frequencies for the right- and left-side were 1023.2±146.9 Hz and 912.5±177.8 Hz in males, and 1018.8±137.2 Hz and 1035.9±164.7 Hz in females, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean resonance frequency of the right ears between the males and females (p=0.9), whereas the mean resonance frequency of the left ears was statistically significantly higher in females (p=0.007).

CONCLUSION
The middle ear resonance frequency values may vary according to the side of the ear or gender.


The invention discloses a simple measurement setting-out method, which includes the steps: (a), connecting a facade 0-degree line of vertical equipment; (b), determining a horizontal projection position of the 0-degree line; (c), adjusting and aligning light emitted from a light source with an optional first point on the facade 0-degree line, allowing light emitted from a calibrating light source of a thread guide to irradiate a housing of the vertical equipment, and forming a second point and a third point; (d), measuring the length of a first arc between the first point and the second point and the length of a second arc between the first point and the third point, moving the thread guide until a numeric difference between the first arc length and the second arc length is between 0.5mm-1.2mm, and marking the position of the thread guide; (e), placing a support at the marked position of the thread guide and leveling; (f), placing the thread guide on the support and leveling; (g), moving the thread guide and repeating the step (c) and the step (d), rotating the light source towards the ground where the equipment is mounted, and selecting a plurality of points on the ground. By the method, measurement difficulty is reduced.


With the Qianlong (1736-1799) and Jiaqing(1796-1819) School of Thoughts becoming prevalent the Chinese classics were studied and taught in academies. Because of the differences between those academies and the imperial examination oriented schools, some people figured that scholars of Qianlong and Jiaqing School were against imperial examination system. In fact, they not only attached importance to the grades resulted from the imperial examination in appointing the leading scholars, but also advocated stereotyped writing to meet the need of imperial examination. There is a close relation between this School and the imperial examination system.


Based on the characteristics of the HR(Human Resource)management of newspaper group, an HR in- formation system is developed, which is safe and open-ended with flexible setup and multi-logic search. It is proved that all the module procedures assembled with JAVA language run smoothly.


During the teaching process,teachers must focus their attention on students,try their best to make every effort to stimulate students′ interest of learning,and encourage students to make full use of their own hands,brain and mouths enthusiastically,gaining knowledge,consolidating and expanding what they have learned.only in this way can students become independent and learn more by themselves.Whats′more,if teachers arouse all students to participate in the activities in class,they must be able to make their teaching more efficiently.


It is an urgent problem that the construction solid waste is difficult to be treated, and its recycling provides a way for its treatment. The quality of construction solid waste recycled aggregate is lower than that of natural aggregate, which limits its extensive application in building materials. In order to provide a new method for engineering application of recycled aggregate concrete, the influence of vibration mixing on the performances of full replacement recycled aggregate concrete were studied. The performance indexes of recycled aggregate concrete under ordinary mixing and vibration mixing were compared and analyzed. The experimental results show that compared with natural aggregate concrete, the slump of full replacement recycled aggregate concrete decreased by 58.8%, and 7d and 28d compressive strength decreased by 12.9% and 16.1%, and the splitting strength decreased by 30.6% and 20.1%, and the carbonation depth decreased by 91.5%; Compared with natural aggregate concrete using ordinary mixing, the slump of full replacement recycled aggregate concrete using vibration mixing decreased by 50.9%, the 7d and 28d compressive strength decreased by 6.9% and 10.9%, and the splitting strength decreased by 16.9% and 12.4%, and the 28d carbonation depth decreased by 34.9%. The results show that compared with ordinary mixing, vibration mixing can improve the performance of recycled aggregate concrete, which provides a reference for engineering application.


These days, the shortage of final disposal site is one of the most serious problem in Japan. Waste derived from households is to be disposed by local government and industrial waste by the sectors in the district, while the waste is released due to provide goods and services with various final demand beyond the district. This causes inter-regional environmental dependence. In this study, patterns of interdependent structure of industrial waste induced by final demand is evaluated by using Input-Output Analysis. First, the interrelation between internal and external demand in domestic 8 regions is estimated using waste intensity of each industry. As a result, various sectors' inducement in sludge waste which has great share in final disposal was observed reflecting inter-regional economic transaction. Second, reducing volume and costs of treatment and disposal of the sludge waste were examined taking consideration of polluter's pay principle.


The effect of annealing temperature on the photocatalyst's structural, morphological, photocatalytic and optical properties have been extensively studied. In this work, the Cu-Ni co-doped TiO2 powder was prepared by the sol-gel technique and annealed at temperatures 400°C, 500°C, 600°C, 700°C, and 800°C. The structural phase of the Cu-Ni/TiO2 changed from anatase to rutile after the annealing temperature increased from 400°C to 800°C. The anatase phase was found at 400°C and 500°C, the mixed phase at 600 and 700°C, and the rutile phase at 800°C. The specific surface area and band gap of Cu-Ni/TiO2 were decreased with the increment of annealing temperatures from 70.00 to 24.89 m2 /g and 3.36 eV to 3.04 eV, respectively. Meanwhile, as the annealing temperature rises, the average particle size increases from 38.52 to 173.59 nm. The anatase-rutile mixed phase of Cu-Ni/TiO2 annealed at 600°C exhibited the highest photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) with 62.81% MB removal. Experimental results indicated that the annealing temperature could alter the structural, morphological, and optical properties of the Cu-Ni/TiO2, affecting the photocatalytic activity performance.


The article expounds 5 ways to adjust psychology in sports competition.It has not only contribute to sports exercises and competition,but also contribute to keep good mentality and promote physically and mentally healthy.


43. Sphœophoria micrura, Osten Sacken.— Two females from Port Renfrew, one July 6, 1901, the other Aug. 16, 1902. The male was taken at Seattle, Wash. July 15, 1901. 44. Sphœrophoria sulphuripes (Thompson).— One male specimetn, taken at Glacier, July 20, 1901, belongs here questionably. It lacks the characteristic bunch of yellow pile on the hypopygium of cylindrica, but otherwise resembles that species quite closely.


This paper presents a 2 × 2 multiple-input-multiple-output over-the-air (MIMO OTA) measurement system with user-programmable, reconfigurable and real-time signal processing field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)-based software-defined radio (SDR) capability. Signal generation and analysis as well as channel emulation are all implemented using vector signal transceivers (VSTs). As a demonstration, we performed the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) two-stage MIMO OTA conducted test using a downlink time division long-term evolution (TD-LTE) duplex scheme. The channel emulation was operated in a stochastic mode. Some preliminary results of the system verification are shown.


A gene library which includes total DNA of 2-NAT strain^s genenome has been constructed successfully with cosmid pLARF1. The pigment produced by the transconjugants from the gene library is identified. The result of restriction endonuclease digestion of the recombinant cosmids purified from indigo producing colonies indicates that all of the blue colonies contain a 8.8kb insert DNA fregment. It shows that they expressed the same gene. The indigo biosynthesis experiment with blue colonies reveals a good view of producing the pigment with recombinant microorganism.


This study aimed to assess the health problems of children (1-6 years old) in a slum population of Ghaziabad City India covered under the ICDS scheme. A total of 771 children belonging to 798 households of six randomly selected anganwadis were surveyed by house-to-house visits during May 1994. Information for sociodemographic characteristics immunization status nutritional status and morbidity status of children during the previous 3 months was obtained. Results showed that 41.8% children were normally nourished whereas the proportion of children having grade I II and III malnutrition was 39.8% 16.0% and 2.4% respectively. In this study malnutrition was not found to be associated with the caste of the children. However a total of 114 children had suffered from one or more illnesses during the last 3 months with an average of 1.1 episodes per sick child. Pyrexia was the most common sickness with a quarterly incidence rate of 66.1/1000 followed by diarrheal diseases ARI ear discharges and injuries and others. Several recommendations for the improvement of the health status of these children and the slum areas are cited.


Dr Markowitz's paper very clearly reviews the development ofIPT. It shows the origins of the therapy, the outcome studiesin depression, bulimia, and dysthymia, and its use for specific subpopulations, such as adolescent, geriatric, primary care, and HIV-positive patients. Different formats ofIPT are currently being studied, including maintenance (monthly) treatmentand conjoint, group, and telephone formats. Training in this empirically efficacious treatment should become


The aim of this study was to gain empirical insight into how organizations' human capital composition (in terms of both uniqueness and strategic value) affects the way they design and implement their career management policies. We formulate our hypotheses based upon conflicting assumptions found in the careers literature and the talent management literature. Organizational-level surveys administered to the HR directors of 306 companies located in Belgium provided the data for the study. Our basic assumption – in stark contrast to prevailing assumptions in the careers literature – was that the more importance organizations attach to continuity in light of their human capital composition, the more they will adhere to 'traditional' models of career management (i.e. strategic, paternalistic, bounded and formalized). Our study yielded mixed findings. Both threats of qualitative (value) and quantitative (uniqueness) human capital shortages were found to be important determinants of importance attached to continuity as a career management goal and, consequently, of an organization's approach to career management. We argue that the careers literature might take lessons from the talent management literature by acknowledging the fact that careers serve strategic functions for organizations, whereas the talent management literature might build on insights from the careers literature on the mechanisms by which to retain and engage individual career actors.


We measure barrier heights of silicon/high-k dielectric structures, and their changes with processing, by identifying a photon-energy-dependent threshold for internal hole photoemission using spectroscopic time-dependent second-harmonic generation.


Field data were used to prepare a life table for Gynaicothrips ficorum (Marchal) during the rainy season of 1991 in San Jose. Costa Rica. There was a high mortality in the egg and pupa I stages, and predation by ants and spiders inside the gall was observed.


MEDICAL HISTORY OF THE WAIR. DURING lthe last four or five miiontlhs a good many medical men engaged in clinical work in the military hlospitals in the United Kingdom have occasionally found among the papers brouglht by their patients from France a buff envelope containing a stamped and addressed post-card and a printed leaflet. The former supplies informationi regarding the patient's previous history, and the latter conveys a request that certain blanks on the post-card shall be filled in by the medical officer receiving the envelope arid the card itself then consigned through the post to the Secretary of the Medical Research Committee. The leaflet also affords certain otlier information, but since this is not very full and these envelopes and their contents are arriving with increasing frequency, it may be well to consider their purTose in some detail. They are part of a system which has been evolved in France with the approval and co-operation of the Director-General of Medical Services, Sir Arthur Sloggett, by which it is hoped to attain two definite objects. The first of these is to pxomote steady improvement of current practice so far as this can be achieved by informing men as to the previous history of cases that come into their hands and as to the results which aut post antt propter hoc enisue on the treatment they apply. The secolnd is to secure the data that will be necessary if the clinical lessons of this war are ever to be assessed on somuethinig approaching scientific lines in a future medical history of the war. These are the general and final aims; those which


An efficient synthesis of the antifungal agent ()-incrustoporin and analogues based on ring-closing metathesis (RCM) is described. The ready avail- ability of various allyl alcohols through the Sharpless kinetic resolution and esterification with a variety of substituted aryl acetic acids, followed by a-meth- ylenation and final RCM to get the targets makes this explored strategy suitable for rapid development of analogues.


A single-phase material (HfMg)(WO 4 ) 3 with an orthorhombic structure, A 2 (WO 4 ) 3 -type tungstate, has been successfully prepared for the first time by the calcination of HfO 2 , MgO, and WO 3 , substituting Hf 4+ and Mg 2+ for A 3+ cations in A 2 (WO 4 ) 3 . The new material shows a negative thermal expansion coefficient of approximately -2 ppm/°C from room temperature to 800°C. The mechanism of negative thermal expansion is assumed to be the same as that of Sc 2 (WO 4 ) 3 .


Earthquake swarms have occurred with volcanism repeatedly at Hakone volcano in Kanagawa prefecture, Japan. In 2015, a phreatic eruption took place about two months after the start of an earthquake swarm. Hakone volcano is a popular tourist destination. If it is possible to forecast at the early stages of an earthquake swarm whether or not an eruption will occur, the forecast could contribute to preventing disasters involving tourists. At Hakone volcano, increases in the ratio of components (CO2 /H2S) contained in the volcanic gas from fumaroles were observed in synchronization with earthquake swarms and ground deformation in 2013 and 2015. Similar increases in CO2 /H2S ratio were also observed in 2017 and 2019, although the increases in the CO2 /H2S ratio in 2017 and 2019 were not as sharp as those in 2013 and 2015. Furthermore, the maximum values of the CO2 /H2S ratio in 2017 and 2019 were lower than the values in 2013 and 2015. These differences in the CO2 /H2S ratio may be related to the limited and smaller scale of volcanic activity in 2017 and 2019 relative to 2013 and 2015. Another explanation for the difference is a possible irreversible change in the underground structure of the Owakudani area, which is a geothermal area around Hakone volcano, because the phreatic eruption took place in the Owakudani area in 2015. During all four seismically active periods in 2013, 2015, 2017, and 2019, the CO2 /H2S ratio decreased simultaneously with decreases in the number of volcanic earthquakes. The lower limit of CO2 /H2S ratios after the peak of the CO2 /H2S ratio time series was about 20 in all periods. This implies that subsequent unrest would not start until the CO2 /H2S ratio drops to about 20. The CO2 /H2S ratio might be an effective tool for forecasting activity at Hakone volcano. During the active periods in 2013, 2015, 2017, and 2019, extensions * 神奈川県環境科学センター ** 東海大学理学部化学科 *** 気象庁気象研究所火山研究部 **** 神奈川県温泉地学研究所 * Kanagawa Environmental Research Center, Hiratsuka, 254-0014, Japan ** Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokai University, Hiratsuka, 259-1292, Japan *** Department of Volcanology Research, Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, Tsukuba, 305-0052, Japan **** Hot Springs Research Institute of Kanagawa Prefecture, Odawara, 250-0031, Japan 地学雑誌  Journal of Geography(Chigaku Zasshi)  130(6)783796 2021   doi:10.5026/jgeography.130.783


As an attractive metal‐free conjugated polymer, graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) has attracted extensive attention in the field of solar energy conversion and storage as a visible light responsive hydrogen evolution. However, the photocatalytic efficiency of g‐C3N4 still has great room for improvement. Herein, a highly efficient visible‐light‐driven okra‐like tubular g‐C3N4photocatalyst (TCNMCA‐PImM) was synthesized via pyrolysis of a poly‐(imidazolium‐methylene) chloride (PImM)‐mediated molecular assembly prepared by a hydrothermal process of a solution containing PImM, melamine, and KOH, in which PImM acts as an electronic structure regulator owing to its strong hydrogen bond, π‐π interaction, and van der Waals force. On the basis of maintaining tri‐s‐triazine structure, the increase of graphitic N promotes the separation and transfer efficiency of photogenerated electrons and holes through the electron structure adjustment. The photocatalyst displays the notably promoted photocatalytic performance for H2 generation under visible‐light illumination. The optimized photocatalyst shows 1902 μmol h−1 g−1 of hydrogen evolution rate, which is 25.7 times higher than that of bulk g‐C3N4. The developed polymeric carbon nitride with unique geometric structure and electronic properties can be extended to other applications like CO2 capture for carbon neutralization strategy.


This study is to determine the level of social performance disclosure of Bank Syariah Mandiri and Bank Muamalat Indonesia 2016-2018 using the ISR Index model which includes the following six disclosure themes, namely funding and investment, products and services, labor (employees), society and environment and corporate governance. The research method used is qualitative media content analysis or Ethnographic Content Analysis / ECA, which aims to determine the level of social performance disclosure of Islamic banks in Indonesia based on the ISR Index through content analysis of the annual reports of Bank Muamalat Indonesia (BMI) and Bank Syariah Mandiri (BSM). Content analysis is a systematic technique for analyzing message content and processing messages, or a tool for observing and analyzing the content of open communication behavior of selected communicators. Content analysis can be used to analyze newspapers, websites, advertisements, recorded interviews, and company annual reports. From the calculation and analysis of the ISR index in Islamic Banks, that the highest level of social performance disclosure for the 2016-2018 period is Bank Syariah Mandiri. Overall, the level of social performance disclosure of Bank Muamalat Indonesia and Bank Syariah Mandiri in the 2016-2018 period continued to increase every year. While on average in that period the predicate for the level of social performance disclosure of Bank Muamalat Indonesia and Bank Syariah Mandiri was informative


The Java platform provides the Java collections framework, which allows to represent and manipulate groups of objects. Different implementations ensure different properties and have different advantages and disadvantages. In particular, some collection implementations, according to the documentation, do not guarantee deterministic traversal-order of their elements. This can potentially lead to nondeterministic output, which could cause confusion and complicate testing of the software. In order to generate deterministic output, users can avoid nondeterministic collections altogether or they can sort the data before generating output. Both strategies, however, are potentially costly in terms of performance. In this thesis we developed a tool for a small subset of Java that can find nondeterministic collection traversals using static analysis, and warn users about potentially nondeterministic output. Our tool is using the Soot framework in order to perform abstract interpretation on the Jimple intermediate representation. We evaluated our tool by running its determinism analysis on example programs of different complexity and comparing with expected results.


Mobile data traffic is growing daily and this presents a significant challenge as the broadcast nature of wireless channels makes it extremely vulnerable to security breaches. A recent report of NSF has estimated 78% of large organisation and 63% of small business are attacked annually, and these figures will continue to increase making the wireless security concerns worldwide. As a consequence, security and privacy is of utmost concern for future wireless technologies. However, securely transferring confidential information over a wireless network in the presence of eavesdroppers that may intercept the information exchange between legitimate terminals, still remains a challenging task. Although security was originally viewed as a high-layer problem to be solved using cryptographic methods, physical layer (PHY) security is now emerging as a promising new (additional) means of defense to realize wireless secrecy in communications. In wireless PHY security, the breakthrough idea is to exploit the characteristics of wireless channels such as fading or noise to transmit a message from the source to the intended receiver while trying to keep this message confidential from both passive and active eavesdroppers. Over the past few years, PHY security has been widely recognized as a key enabling technique for secure wireless communications in future networks because of its potential for addressing security in new networking paradigms, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), for which more traditional methods of security may be impractical. With the fast development of new technologies for wireless communications and networks, i.e., mm-wave communications, massive MIMO, device-to-device communications, energy harvesting communications, 5G networks is expected to be in place in the year 2020. However, these are still challenging demands, particularly in the face of 5G security. These are serious constraints in security which, unresolved, preclude the technological precursors to 5G and, implicitly, challenge the viability of 5G itself. This talk will address this problem, not only for 5G but also the beyond.


We demonstrate a multigigahertz tunable transversal notch filter based on two uniform fiber Bragg gratings as slicing elements of a broad-band optical source. The tunability of the filter is achieved by wavelength tuning of the fiber gratings to adjust the basic time delay provided by a dispersive element.


Acute intestinal infections (AII) remain one of the most important problems of children's infectious pathology, as this disease is diagnosed with severe forms and the mortality remains in high rate. Among patients with acute intestinal infection, children account for 60-70%. Severe forms of the disease are still noted to lead to death in young children. In addition, in recent years, there has been an increase in acute intestinal infections, an increase in their clinical manifestations and a long-standing uneven trend. The severity of the disease often occurs due to the development of viral-bacterial and bacterial-bacterial Complex in young children. V.F. Uchaikina et al. According to (2004), the main criteria for diagnosis include the following forms: gastritis, enteritis, gastroenteritis, colitis, enterocolitis, gastroenterocolitis, distal colitis. In the initial period of the disease (until the results of laboratory tests are obtained), for the construction of rational etiotropic and pathogenetic-based therapy of the OII, it is necessary to first determine the pathological process(enteritis, colitis) by taking into account the severity of the disease (mild, moderate, severe). Even with the severe course of the disease in childhood, acute intestinal infections contribute to their formation, especially in children with a decrease in the health index, prone to other infectious and somatic diseases. About the role of OIC in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases of the digestive system, leading to overeating and decompensation of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. At present, the etiological structure of the AII has changed. Now the leading role among them in the world is undoubtedly that 50-80% of AII in children belong to viruses. Currently, intestinal infections are associated with representatives of at least 8 different types of viral oylases: Reoviridae, Saliceviridae, Adenoviridae, Astroviridae, Picornoviridae, Cobovirus, Coronaviridae, ovoviridae, Picornaviridae agent. The etiology of viral diarrhea is similar in developed and developing countries. The spectrum of possible etiological agents of acute gastroenteritis continues to increase, since previously unknown viruses were detected in patients, but it is necessary to confirm their significance in this pathology. This article aims to study the etiotropic treatment measures aimed at inhibiting the development of acute intestinal infection bacteria or virus.


Lentiviruses are unique in their ability to infect both dividing and non‐dividing cells. This makes the vectors derived from them particularly useful for gene transfer into non‐dividing cells, including stem cells. Lentiviral vectors are becoming the vectors of choice for si/shRNA delivery. The utility of the lentiviral vectors will be enhanced if additional elements of safety are built into their design. One safety concern is the generation of replication competent virus by recombination. We reasoned that HIV‐1 and HIV‐2 hybrid or chimeric lentiviral vectors will have added safety insurance in this regard. This is based on the premise that HIV‐1 and HIV‐2 are dissimilar enough in sequence to curtail recombination, yet similar enough to complement functionally. For hybrid vectors, we found that both HIV‐1 and HIV‐2 transfer vector RNAs could be packaged to equivalent titer by the HIV‐1 packaging machinery. However, HIV‐2 packaging machinery was unable to package HIV‐1 transfer vector as well as it did HIV‐2 transfer vector. This non‐reciprocacity suggested that the requirement for HIV‐2 vectors was more stringent and that for HIV‐1 vectors more promiscuous. When the HIV‐1 transfer vector was packaged with the chimeric packaging construct where the leader‐gag region of HIV‐2 was replaced with that of HIV‐1 packaging construct, the titer of the vector went up. This suggests that at least some of the determinants of specificity for vector assembly reside in the leader‐gag region. Incorporation of central polypurine tract (cPPT) and woodchuck post‐transcriptional enhance element (WPRE) into the HIV‐2 vectors had only modest effect on vector titer. Thus, chimeric lentiviral vectors with added safety features can be designed without compromising transduction efficiency. J. Med. Virol. 79:118–126, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.


Both scholars and practitioners view public participation in terms of its function to ensure democratic and scientic administrative decisions.However,under China's constitution,administrative agencies receive their democratic legitimacy through People's Congresses,therefore it is not necessary to resort to public participation to acquire or improve the democratic legitimacy of administrative decisions.Administrative agencies shall certainly ensure that their decisions are scientific,so that they are also appropriate as required by the constitution.Nevertheless,public participation does not necessarily lead to more scientific decisions.As a result,constitutional provisions concerning democractic legitimacy and scientific decisions do not form the basis of public participation.Liberal rights born in the epoch of night watschman state are effective weapons for citizens to defend violations by the state.In the age of welfare state,liberal rights empower citizens to participate in the administrative decision-making process,so that citizens' rights are effectively protected from violations through administrative decisions.In this sense,liberal rights form the constitutional basis of public participation.


The straight waveguide transmission characteristics of two dimensional photonic crystal are investigated based on the overall space theory of vector scattering. The relationship between transmission efficiency and waveguide length is calculated. The coupling of butterfly waveguide is discussed.


BON thin film was firstly grown by use of low frequency (100 kHz) RF plasma assisted MOCVD with borate precursor. The effects of deposition parameters such as substrate temperature and reactive gases, etc., on the BON film structure were also studied with XPS, FT-IR, UV, TED and AFM. It was found that the composition in the film was influenced by both substrate temperature and reactive gas. The films grown at 500°C under N 2 plasma contained more N-content and less carbon with smooth surface. The film grown under this deposition condition possessed semiconductor property determined by PL and I-V data. For the formation of BON film, the gas phase reaction is more important rather than surface reaction. The experimental results showed that the excited N 2 could effectively react with boron-containing radicals and remove carbon on the surface rather than NH 3 . The N content in the film would influence the IR feature peak of the BON as well as electrical conductivity.


Background/Objective: Privacy is the vital issue when sharing of the data comes into picture. The demand and scope for privacy is increasing day-by-day as data storage techniques have emerged from standalone database to distributed database and then progressed to parallel databases. K-means and Fuzzy C-means (FCM) are the frequently used clustering algorithms for standalone database, distributed database and parallel databases. The current paper highlights Particle Swam Optimization algorithm along with Fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm technique for preserving the privacy on distributed databases. Methods/Statistics Analysis: The experimentation is performed by means of the datasets accessible in the UCI machine-learning repository. The main benefit of the suggested technique is that, this technique will assess in terms of their privacy of cluster. Therefore, the technique plans to give improved visibility for the protected data. The technique is executed in the working platform of MATLAB and the effects will be examined to show the presentation of the suggested clustering technique. Findings: The performance of the proposed clustering technique based on privacy preserving is analyzed for accuracy and Database Different Ratio (DBDR) on six UCI medical related data sets namely Hugerian dataset, Cleveland data set, Reprocessed Hugerian data sets, Long Beach V.A data, BUPA and liver disorder data. Performance improvement observed in the range of 3%-6% on each of the six data sets compared to K-means algorithm. Application/Implementation: The main benefit of the suggested technique is that technique will have to assess in terms of their privacy of cluster. Therefore, the technique plans to give improved visibility for the protected data


Abstract A method of forecasting the size of first-generation or summer infestations of Ostrinia nubilalis in Kent County, Ontario, is described. A function is derived from partial regression analysis relating the estimated size of the expected summer infestation to (1) the number of females caught in a light-trap during the first or spring flight, and (2) average rainfall per day during the first flight. The function explains 94% of the observed variation in estimated size of first-generation infestations in this area between 1947 and 1961. A means of categorizing the estimated size of the predicted infestation based on the frequency distribution of previously estimated infestations is also described. Methods of sampling and estimating population size and the applicability of the predictive equation to other environments are discussed.


Pathway analysis of high-throughput genomic data generated by microarray has been increasingly prevalent in exploring the underlying molecular mechanisms and complex cancer progression of biological systems. Considering that the upstream genes play more important roles than downstream genes do in signaling pathways, utilization of topology information may identify pathways that are more related to conditions being studied, but it is still in early stage and rather incomplete. In addition, even though microRNA has been reported to play a key role in diverse cellular functions by down-regulating its target mRNAs at the post-transcriptional level, only little research in pathway analysis incorporated with microRNA. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to improve the pathway analysis for a better understanding of underlying mechanisms by integrating microRNA and mRNA microarray profiling in a topology-based approach at the systems biology level.
An improved approach, named MiR-PathOgen, is developed as a MATLABR-based application. MiR-PathOgen consists of a reconstructed miRNA-integrated pathway database and three algorithms, including an over-representation analysis, an impact factor method and the reliability of a system. To construct a microRNA-integrated pathway database, we first collected pathway information from BioCarta and pathway interaction database, as well as a list of validated microRNA-gene interactions from miRecords and TarBase. Next, over-representation analysis was executed using hypergeometric distribution. The impact factor method incorporated several biological factors, such as regulatory relationship, gene positions and expression changes. Lastly, the results of above analyses were combined by concepts of the reliability of a system to conduct an overall score for pathway rankings.
The simulation results of the impact factor analysis illustrated that this topology-based method was able to robustly report the pathways in condition of connected or central distributed microRNAs and genes with higher ranking. Also, the combination of the over-representation analysis and the impact factor analysis at the system level performed a reliable systematical transformation to identify significant pathways. Furthermore, applying our algorithms in three human datasets suggested that MiR-PathOgen is capable of identifying microRNA and gene activated pathways that were related to a given condition being studied. In summary, MiR-PathOgen is a reliable and reproducible pathway analysis tool to concurrently analyze microRNA and mRNA genomic data, which is beneficial for a better understanding of complex biological systems.


lIi,i)'Wlllie Americall Historical Rer.;ierc (;4 (4i, 19S4, 6:J.1~65,3 An Interview with John V. Murra Introduction by JOHN HOWLAND ROWE Murra is an anthropologist who has devoted much of his professional career to studying the historical ethnology of the Incas and other Andean peoples of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia, using historical sources and working by historical methods, In the course of this work, he has edited a number of documents of the greatest importance and interest to historians, done a substantial amount of archival research, and worked harder than anyone else to bring histo rians and anthropologists together on three continents and to keep them talking to 01H' another. What has sparked his archival research is his con viction that in order to learn more about Andean historical ethnology, we need to turn up new sources. He has always had a special interest in eco nomic problems. What Murra would like to do is find out how the Inca state, or another Andean polity, worked in the years immediately preced ing 1;;32, particularly in the economic realm, He has depended on histor ical documents !()r this endeavor. I have referred to what he does as his torical ethnology, His vertical archipelago hypothesis has stimulated research ancl discussion among scholars in terested in the Andes from Ecuador to Bolivia, In 1963 MuITa received a major grant from the National Science Foun dation for a three-year project to provide anthropological context for the 1;;62 visita of Huanuco, The idea was to recruit a team of archaeologists, ethnographers, an ethnobotanist, and other specialists to do research in the area covered by the visita. As Murra said to me, previous area study projects had developed out of the interest of an archaeologist or an eth nographer in a particular area, and then a search was made for historical documents rclating to the area. Because of the spotty preservation of his torical documents, it usually turned out that there were few documents availahle f()r the area chosen. The II uanuco visita provided an oppor tunity, possibly unique in Peru, to organize an area research project in which the historical documentation, or at any rate the part of it that J OHN ' Professor of Anthropology, University of California, Berkelev.


Abstract Physical stature is used as a proxy for the biological standard of living in the two Germanies before and after unification in an analysis of a cross-sectional sample (1998) of adult heights, as well as among military recruits of the 1990s. West Germans tended to be taller than East Germans throughout the period under consideration. Contrary to official proclamations of a classless society, there were substantial social differences in physical stature in East Germany. Social differences in height were greater in the East among females, and less among males than in the West. The difficulties experienced by the East German population after 1961 is evident in the increase in social inequality of physical stature thereafter, as well as in the considerable gap relative to the height of the West German population. After unification, however, there is a tendency for East German males, but not of females, to catch up with their West German counterparts.


Flexible protonic/electronic hybrid rectifying devices gating by chitosan electrolyte were fabricated on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. indium zinc oxide (IZO) source/drain electrodes with a self-assembled IZO channel were prepared by RF sputtering with a nickel shadow mask. The IZO channel was modified by protonic/electronic coupling and drain current (I D) exhibited rectifying characteristics by short connecting source electrode with bottom indium tin oxide (ITO) film. Such devices were used to mimic inhibitory synapses. Synaptic behaviours, like paired-pulse depression and long-term depression were successfully mimicked in flexible artificial inhibitory synapses. Such inhibitory synaptic devices have potential application for serving as a building brick for future brain-inspired computation systems.


Otosclerosis is a primary osteodystrophy which affects a localized area within the human temporal bone. Hearing loss is the most functional deficit caused by otosclerosis. However, tinnitus is frequently reported by otosclerotic patients, especially in those patients with inner ear involvement. The best therapy in achieving a significant improvement is surgery - stapedoplasty. Analysis of early hearing results (1 month after surgery) shows efficiency of surgical treatment and improvement in hearing.


Abstract:  The feasibility of using thermoelastic stress analysis (TSA) to characterise angioplasty balloons and Nitinol self‐expanding stents was investigated. A detailed description of the experimental apparatus developed is provided. A review of recent studies by the authors describes calibration procedures for the balloon and the stent materials. The study demonstrated that quantitative stress data can be obtained from the balloons using TSA. A new study on using TSA to assess geometric changes in the balloons is presented and it is shown that TSA is useful in qualitative assessment of balloon features. The study of the Nitinol stents revealed that a number of difficult challenges need to be overcome before quantitative TSA can take place. This study is summarised in the current paper and new work is presented that involves conducting TSA at elevated temperatures to overcome some of the challenges identified in the earlier study.


Abstract— Advances in the technology of optical displays have changed the way surgeons are able to manage different illnesses. Minimally invasive surgery encompasses a wide range of endoscopic procedures, whereby the body cavity (abdomen, thorax, gastrointestinal tract, and joint spaces) is accessed through small incisions and the use of telescopes and fine, long instruments. These techniques have rapidly gained in popularity during the last decades, as patients are experiencing less discomfort after surgery. Visualization of the operative field requires optimal image capture, processing, and display. The introduction of charge‐coupled devices has enabled surgeons to view the operative field on a video monitor, allowing ever‐more‐complex operations to be performed endoscopically. However, limitations include loss of 3‐D perception and tactile sense, poor ergonomics, often suboptimal positioning of image display and image quality that is too dependent on outside influences. These limitations, and possible solutions, are addressed, as is the "ideal" display system for endoscopic surgery.


A set of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics simulations of the influence of photoionizing radiation and stellar winds on a series of 104 M-circle dot turbulent molecular clouds with initial virial ratios of 0.7, 1.1, 1.5, 1.9 and 2.3 and initial mean densities of 136, 1135 and 9096 cm(-3) are presented. Reductions in star formation efficiency rates are found to be modest, in the range of 30-50 per cent, and do not vary greatly across the parameter space. In no case was star formation entirely terminated over the approximate to 3 Myr duration of the simulations. The fractions of material unbound by feedback are in the range of 20-60 per cent, clouds with the lowest escape velocities being the most strongly affected. Leakage of ionized gas leads to the HII regions rapidly becoming underpressured. The destructive effects of ionization are thus largely not due to thermally driven expansion of the HII regions, but to momentum transfer by photoevaporation of fresh material. Our simulations have similar global ionization rates and we show that the effects of feedback upon them can be adequately modelled as a steady injection of momentum, resembling a momentum-conserving wind.


Based on results from 19-year long-term fertilization experiments in Beijing and Hunan,the effect of different fertilization applications on soil nutrients,wheat yield and yield components under different soil types was studied.The results showed that organic and inorganic fertilizer application significantly increased soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus and available potassium.Meanwhile,disproportion in chemical fertilize application has led to lower soil nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,which was relatively evident in red soil.Organic and inorganic fertilizer application can also increase wheat yield by 788.32% in the red soil and 828.05% in the Drab Fluvo-aquic soil and the fertilizer contribution was respectively 88.74% in the red soil and 89.22% in the Drab Fluvo-aquic soil.The NPK treatment led to significant wheat yield difference in two soil types,and the yield increasing potential in Drab Fluvo-aquic soil was higher than that in red soil.However,the NK treatment caused wheat yield loss,with a 15.86% reduction in the Drab Fluvo-aquic soil and no yields in the red soil.Based on the results,two ways were found to increase wheat yield under different soil types.The first way is that application of phosphorus fertilizer and increase the number of wheat spike of P fertilizer and increase the number of wheat spike will improve wheat yield in the Drab Fluvo-aquic soil;The other way is that application of organic fertilizer and increase the number of grains per spike of wheat will improve wheat yield in the red soil.


A novel approach to code speech signals at low bit rates, while retaining acceptable subjective quality, is presented in this paper. The system falls into the class of vector excited coders, and exploits benefits stemming from the spectral masking effect of the quantizing noise. Since a main disadvantage of conventional vector excited coders is the huge amount of computation associated with the selection of the optimum excitation signal, our primary goal is the development of an efficient and computationalIy simple codebook search method. We present an original scheme based upon a 3-level hierarchical tree vector quantizer.


Based on the survey data in recent years, there are five micro-morphological feature parts in the sea bed of Chengdao area, including erosion morphology, sliding extrusion ridge and collapse, remained scarp or monadnock, blocky seafloor, rough and smooth seafloor, etc. This special geomorphological evolution result will greatly influence the stability of submarine pipeline and bottom-sited platform; it should be pay more attention in designing and constructing of submarine structures.


River waste in Surakarta City primarily consists of biodegradable waste that can be processed by biological processes such as composting. However, there are various kinds of composting application techniques. This, of course, must be adapted to the conditions in Surakarta City. This study aims to conduct a decision analysis on debris processing techniques in Surakarta City using the Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) method. The criteria used are aesthetics, land requirements, ease of operation, ease of construction, and investment and operational costs. Alternatives used in composting are bamboo aerator system, hollow brick, and takakura arranges. The final assessment by MAUT showed that waste processing with hollow brick (0.802) had the highest weight and was followed by the bamboo aerator system (0.643). The final score for the takakura method is only 0.250, and this is because the weight on costs and land requirements is considerable compared to the other two alternatives.


In this paper we present a heuristic algorithm for solving the parallel query plan scheduling problem in data grids. The algorithm exploits the binary tree structure of the query plan to determine profitable allocations. It takes care of multiple forms of parallelism while allocating resources to the sub- plans. Previous approaches towards solving the problem either ignores partitioned parallelism by focusing solely on pipelined parallelism wherein the communication cost is minimized or lays more emphasis on partitioned parallelism at the cost of pipelined parallelism. The work in this paper attempts to take care of both pipelining and partitioning mechanisms while optimizing the allocation of resources to the query sub-plans. The algorithm is particularly well suited for allocation of resources to sub-plans in a bushy query plan - which is the most profitable form of query plan in distributed database query optimization.


A method is described for determining the solutions of transmission lines with various trigonometric and hyperbolic distributions which have not been embraced by any previous general class of lines. It is shown that Su's lines can be deduced from the corresponding power lines.


BurnsUnitwereexamined. Datawereobtainedof the grade and specialty of the referring doctor, theassessment of the nature and extent of the burn injuryand the initial assessment of the patient by the BurnsUnit team uponarrival.Twopatients for whomnoreferral letter wasavailablewereexcluded, as were 18 patients in whomnoattemptat assessment ofextent had been madein the referring


The provenance and evolution in Keping Area are closely correlated with the paleogeography of Tarim Basin.The morphology of detrital zircon and distribution characteristics of U-Pb age in Lower Silurian were analyzed,and the provenance and evolution from Lower Silurian in Keping Area were systematically studied.The results showed that the zircons from Lower Silurian in Keping Area were magmatic,zircon U-Pb age represented diagenesis age or crystallinic age and effectively indicated the provenance;the provenances in Kalpintag Formation of Lower Silurian were mainly western Shaya Uplift,Tazhong Uplift and the frontal uplift in the southwestern of Tarim Basin,and then Tazhong Uplift was covered by seawater due to the transgression,the provenances in Tataaiertag Formation of Lower Silurian became the western Shaya Uplift,the frontal uplift in the southwestern of Tarim Basin and the Yutian and Kangxiwa Areas in the southern of Tazhong Uplift;the provenance in Keping Area was different with that in the central and eastern of Tarim Basin because of Manjiaer Sag;the zircon ages of 900-700 Ma illustrated that Tarim Block was related to Gondwanaland.


According to the need of Mask Projection Stereo-lithography system,a new direct slicing method of CAD model based on SolidWorks is proposed.It is achieved by slicing function which can be used at SolidWorks′ drawing environment.When slicing the complex CAD model,cross-section misalignment issue is solved.The method of developing the cross-section filling styles for variety of exposure modes was described.Dynamic graphic masks were created by the cross-section that was got through the new slicing method,and using Mask Projection Stereo-lithography system,a three-dimensional part was fabricated.The experiment result indicates that the direct slicing method can be applied to Mask Projection Stereo-lithography system.


As the manufacturing market is becoming more global and borderless with respect to national borders, a number of global manufacturing networks have been established, taking the advantage of fast‐growing networking and information technologies. Networked enterprises consist of a number of firms that are geographically dispersed and do not belong to the same head company, a system with central management capability, possessing the ability of central task decomposition/allocation, co‐ordination and monitoring. To ensure appropriate manufacturing operations are assigned to the appropriate firms, to the best interest of the "virtual" consortium, there is a need for the development of a collaborative platform which is capable of facilitating the efficient performance of resources and task allocations. In this paper, the development of a Web‐based enterprise collaborative platform is presented. The applications of the platform on business process management for networked enterprises are also discussed.


Development of millimeter and sub-millimeter wavelengths technologies is one of the most promising research areas, especially for applications in so called terahertz imaging. In the paper we consider a tomography approach for obtaining 3-D imaging in frequency range from 100GHz up to 325 GHz. We apply the modernized image reconstruction method, based on developed earlier, for low frequency, surface imaging procedure [1]. We managed to significantly improve the image resolution by newly designed probes for millimeter and sub-millimeter wave range measurements. The images obtained demonstrate that the built measurement system and the image reconstruction method can be used for non-destructive testing applications such as the imaging of manufacturing defect on wafer.


In this paper, we attempt to tackle the MediaEval 2012 Search and Hyperlinking challenge, which focuses on video segment retrieval from a large dataset, based on short natural language queries, as well as linking the resulting segments to related ones. Our approach makes use of three semantic similarity metrics, merged by applying late fusion.


The purpose of this research was to develop a method to identify occupational stereotypes and to use that method to investigate the content of one occupational stereotype. The method developed included the use of multiple sources of data (both qualitative and quantitative), multiple methods of analysis, and manifold evidence of validity. Data sources included the popular press, human subject responses, and cartoons. Clothing and appearance cues and personal attributes, which were components of the stereotype, were identified and analyzed using statistical techniques. Content-, criterion-, and construct-related sources provided evidence to infer validity of the content, and the method used to identify the content, of an occupational stereotype.


Temple stay which is a distinguish form of accommodation in Korea had a big grown in quantity and quality. However, the situation is over 50% of annual turnover happening at the temple stay. This study was initiated to decrease the turnover rates of Temple Stay workers. The research aims purpose to provide a basis by analyzing temple stay employee's job stress factor which is connected with turnover intention. Statistical result about practitioners shows negative opinions over average in size of the task and hours of work among temple stay practitioners, and it shows strong negative opinions on pay satisfaction, life composure and payment against duty. Factor analysis of job stress were reduced to 6 factors, training and management is necessary for certain period time when temple hires practitioners as practitioners with under 1 year and 1-2 years careers showed differences in almost every factors, relationship with the Judiciary, worker pride, economic compensation, rating pressure, job commitment except relationship factor with believers. Results of the interviews with temple stay practitioners, practitioners applied job to deviating from society orreligious reasons than economic terms. However, practitioners experienced conflicts with workload and the monks, business managers while they are engaged in work. This study attempts to resolve the problem for the first time by identifying the job stress factors with understanding careers among temple stay practitioners which shows an annual turnover more than 50%. Despite the quantitative growth of temple stay, it translates the recognition in each individual issue as a matter of temple stay organization about temple stay employees' job stress.


Solubility is one of the major concerns in a lot of drug formulations. Since the majority of new drug molecules belong to the BCS II (Biopharmaceutical Classification of Drug) they often lead to poor bioavailability and ultimately affect the drug's effectiveness. The majority of new drug molecules are insoluble and hence poorly bioavailable. Because of these limitations, the proportion of newly discovered drugs reaching the market is decreasing. Nano-suspension emerges as one of the novel solutions for these problems. As it helps in delivering poorly water-soluble drugs, due to their all-around features and unique advantages. The distinctive features of nanosuspensions allow them to be used in a variety of dosage forms, including mucoadhesive hydrogels, nanogels, etc. The present review article provides information regarding the introduction to nanosuspensions, the advantages, and disadvantages of nanosuspensions, different methods of their preparations, and numerous practical applications in drug delivery.


Virtue is a psychological phenomenon that permeates the soul, actions arising from it easily, without using it first consideration. If that appears good deeds and praise by reason and Personality 'is called with good morals (mahmudah). Conversely, if the bad deeds arise so-called bad manners (mazmumah). Moral graph mazmumah among adolescents in recent years is increasing. Propagation method requires an effective and efficient. Among the methods of moral propaganda in shaping teenagers into mahmudah is the method of lecture, question and answer, discussion, uswah (example), the conditioning.


Meeting reportIan Crawford and Charles Cockell report on an RAS Specialist Discussion Meeting held on Friday 14 May 2010. © 2010 Royal Astronomical Society.


Presents a collection of slides covering the following topics: enterprise storage array; Pure Storage flash array; solid-state drives; and DRAM.


The differential diagnosis and the full clinical assessment of splenomegaly can even to-day be an interesting and at times puzzling task. Conditions are met with in which the aetiology and pathogenesis of an enlarged spleen remain unexplained in spite of exhaustive bedside study and radiological investigations. Modern advances in vascular surgery alone make it desirable that there should be a clear recognition of those cases of splenomegaly in which some of the symptoms can be remedied by vascular anastomosis for relief of portal hypertension. Attempts to demonstrate the portal system by injection of radio-opaque substances into a branch of the coronary vein, into veins draining the caecum, into the main portal branch, and into the branches of the splenic vein were carried out in recent years (Blakemore and Lord, 1945; De Sousa Pereira et al., 1949; Moore and Bridenbaugh, 1950; Santy and Marion, 1951). The techniques employed were difficult, and not without risk to the patient, and, of course, only possible after laparotomy. Abeatici and Campi (1951) were the first to describe a method of percutaneous portal venography in a dog via the spleen and splenic vein, and Leger (1951) applied the same technique in man for the first time. Soon afterwards, Boulvin and co-workers (1951) described their technique of portal venography by the same route in great detail. Their first patient suffered from cirrhosis of the liver and the second from an extrinsic obstruction of the splenic vein. These authors pointed out the potential value of the method for the differentiation of intrahepatic and extrahepatic block. Dreyer and Budtz-Olsen (1952) applied splenic venography in 11 patients with palpable spleens and again suggested the clinical application of the method. Milnes Walker and co-workers (1952) were the first in this country to publish their findings of portal venography by intrasplenic injection on 12 occasions, again in patients with enlarged spleens. Of particular interest was their demonstration of the flow from the portal vein into the left inferior vena cava nine months after successful end-toside anastomosis between the portal vein and the inferior vena cava.


The stone relief in Wushi ci depicted God punishing the evildoers. This kind of stone relief which advocated that good is rewarded with good and evil with ev il was very popular in Han dynasty.


In this paper we propose a novel fibre interferometer for the simultaneous measurement of optical phase at multiple wavelengths generated within the spectral envelope of a femtosecond laser. The use of narro wb andwidth fibre Bragg gratings allows particular wavelengths to be selected with sufficiently narrow bandwidth to give the necessary coherence length for interferometric phase measurements over practical distances exceeding 30 mm. Multi-wavelength interferometry provides a means of making absolute measurements by extending the unambiguous measurement range beyond the wavelength of light. Preliminary experimental results are presented for a two-wavelength sensor where an absolute range of 0.13 mm with 3 nm resolution has been achieved producing a dynamic range of 43 000:1. This approach has the potential to be applied to high speed transient events.


This study is intended to determine the effect of the independent variable (X), namely: Profitability, Liquidity, Leverage, and Company Size on Dividend Policy in the study of companies in the Consumer Goods Industry sector. The research method in this test uses quantitative descriptive and the data used is secondary data from official sources. The population in this study were all companies in the Consumer Goods Industry sector, totaling 60 companies. The sampling technique in this study was using purposive sampling by taking into account certain conditions that had been agreed upon so that the authors decided to use 10 companies as samples in this test. The data obtained with the observation time of 5 years is 50 data. The source of data in this study is secondary data. Test the quality of the data using Descriptive Analysis Techniques, Classical Assumption Test, and Multiple Linear Analysis. The data analysis technique in this test uses the t statistic test, f statistic test, and the coefficient of determination (Adjust R2). The partial test results in this test show that profitability and liquidity have a positive effect on Dividend Policy, while Leverage and Firm Size have a negative effect on Dividend Policy. Simultaneous test results show that the free factors of Profitability, Liquidity, Leverage, and Company Size also have a positive and significant effect on Dividend Policy in the Consumer Goods Industry sector on the IDX for the 2016-2020 period.
Keywords: Profitability, Liquidity, Leverage, Firm Size, Dividend Policy


The tropical root crop cassava can help protecting the food and energy security for developing countries now threatened by soaring food and oil prices.Cassava is a tropical and subtropical crop with high-yield and high starch content.Its unique physical and chemical properties are superior to other crops,the processing modified starch is better than that from other crops and it is on top of the list in production economic and resources optimization as used for biomass energy.Production of cassava ethanol is considered as a resource that can improve national energy security in countries without significant fossil fuel reserves,the environment and greenhouse gas mitigation,and rural economic development.In recent years,national attentions to renewable energy development and utilization of cassava as a non-food crop develop fuel ethanol production are heavily paid,and the prospects are bright.


The invention relates to a method for production of fuel ethanol through steam explosion pretreatment and secondary fermentation, which comprises the following steps: Kudzu roots are processed by means of steam explosion for 2 to 4 minutes under steam pressure of 0.5 to 1.0MPa; maltogenic amylase is added into the Kudzu roots after steam explosion treatment for saccharification, and (NH4)2SO4, KH2PO4 and yeasts after activation are simultaneously added into the Kudzu roots under aseptic condition for anaerobic fermentation by 48 to 60 hours; ethanol generated by fermentation is distilled and collected; steam explosion technology with short time (2 to 4 minutes) and low pressure (0.5 to 0.8) is adopted for pretreatment of the Kudzu roots, thereby the long-term cooking process (30 to 120 minutes) of starchy materials is left out and energy consumption of fermentation production of the ethanol is reduced. The Kudzu roots after steam explosion treatment are directly fermented after saccharification, and no water is needed to add otherwise, thereby the invention has the advantages of capability of improving ethanol content in beers, reduction of energy consumption of distillation, reduction of treatment of subsequent waste water, reduction of production cost, and favorability for comprehensive utilization of the Kudzu roots.


A possible biochemical link between estrogen and memory derives from the finding that the administration of estradiol to ovariectomized rats increased the activity of choline acetyltransferase (the enzyme needed for synthesis of acetylcholine) in basal forebrain. I We have previously demonstrated that oophorectomized women who received estrogen had higher scores on some tests of short-term memory compared to those who were given placebo.* The ongoing study reported here was undertaken in order to replicate those findings using a more comprehensive battery of memory tests.


There has been concerned whether the CMS should cover outpatient or inpatient medical services.Our results showed the advantages and weaknesses about inpatient service compensation model and infeasibility of outpatient service compensation model in Gansu Province.It is feasible for CMS to cover inpatient services in poor areas.The lower percentage of individual expenditure helps to offset adverse selection.


The present invention belongs to the technical field of atmospheric pressure discharge cold plasma generator, wherein: said gas generator system with dual source gas supply system and the electrode structure is exposed, thereby forming a tablet or a circular or oval atmospheric pressure cold discharge plasma generator. The dual source gas supply system may implement or other gas at atmospheric pressure air can not induce a stable discharge in the discharge, the problem of damage to the dielectric-electrode surface discharge electrode structure exposed in conventional dielectric barrier can be avoided, so that the final cold plasma working gas of air or other atmospheric gas discharge can not be stabilized, which can greatly reduce the cost of the technology.


There are many risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) and periodontal disease (PDD) is a controversial risk factor. The aim of this study was to show the association between CAD and PDD. A case-control study was designed. Sixty one patients that CAD was confirm in them by coronary angiography compared with sixty one patients with normal angiography. PDD was evaluated by two indices, gingival index and periodontal disease index. Odds ratio was calculated for the risk of PDD for CAD. The results were shown no differences between groups about sex, age, educational level and occupation. The odds ratio of periodontal disease for CAD was 58 with CI95% (51-65). The relationship between tooth frequency and CAD was not statistically significant. Finding of the current study suggested that periodontal disease is the risk factor for CAD. However more clinical studies especially prospective longitudinal studies were recommended.


We compute the effective potential Veff(φ) for one-component real scalar field φ in three Euclidean dimensions (3D) in the case of spontaneously broken symmetry, from the Monte Carlo simulation of the 3D Ising model in external field at temperatures approaching the phase transition from below. We study probability distributions of the order parameter on the lattices from 30 to 74, at L/ξ ≈ 10. We find that, in close analogy with the symmetric case, φ plays an important role: Veff(φ) is very well approximated by the sum of φ, φ and φ terms. An unexpected feature is the negative sign of the φ term. As close to the continuum limit as we can get (ξ ≈ 7.2), we obtain Leff ≈ 1 2 ∂μφ∂μφ+ 1.7(φ 2 − η)(φ + η). We also compute several universal coupling constants and ratios, including the combination of critical amplitudes C−(f 1 ) B. FIAN/TD-23/95 December 1995 e-mail: firstname.lastname@example.com Introduction This work continues our previous Monte Carlo study [1], which was devoted to the effective potential Veff(φ) for the theory of one-component real scalar field in three Euclidean dimensions in the symmetric (paramagnetic, PM) phase. There we have found that Veff is very well approximated by the sum of φ, φ and φ terms, and computed universal 4-point and 6-point couplings. Here we turn to the spontaneously broken (ferromagnetic, FM) phase of the same theory. To compute the effective potential in the FM case we use largely the same approach we have developed for the PM case, with some modifications. As the detailed discussion, with all necessary references, was given in [1], we describe it here only briefly, concentrating mostly on the points specific for the broken phase. Monte Carlo computation We consider the Ising model in external field,


There is a whole spectrum of books on Polaroid. One is the biography of its American-born founder Edwin Land (1909-1991). Land was a distinguished inventor even before he produced his famous camera — the first of the "instant" cameras. He was well known for inventing polarizing filters that form the basis of polarized sunglasses. The Polaroid Corporation existed before the camera. Not only a great inventor, with over 500 patents in his lifetime, he was a wonderful showman who had a flair for introducing his latest cameras at shareholders' meetings. Other books focus on the technology of the camera as well as its influence on legal matters, patents, business, and technological developments. This book, The Camera Does the Rest, focuses on the social meaning of the Polaroid camera and explores how it changed the field of photography. The focus is on the social meaning of the Polaroid camera - how did it change photography and how are cameras being used from a social perspective.


Perception of Phonemically Ambiguous Spoken Sequences in French Anne-Laure Schaegis (email@example.com) Elsa Spinelli (firstname.lastname@example.com) Universite Pierre Mendes France Laboratoire de Psychologie et NeuroCognition BP 48, 38040 Grenoble Cedex 9, FRANCE Pauline Welby (email@example.com) Institut de la Communication Parlee, CNRS UMR 5009 Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble, Universite Stendhal 46, avenue Felix Viallet, 38031 Grenoble Cedex 1, FRANCE Abstract Because the speech signal is continuous, listeners must segment the speech stream in order to recognize words. Due to elision, some spoken utterances in French are phonemically ambiguous (e.g., C'est l'affiche 'It's the poster' vs. C'est la fiche 'It's the sheet', both [selafiS]), and correct segmentation is necessary for recognition and comprehension. The aim of this study was to assess if listeners discriminate and identify such phonemically ambiguous utterances. In Experiments 1 and 2, an ABX paradigm was used for a discrimination task. The observed accuracy shows that listeners succeeded in discriminating between the two ambiguous stimuli, with identical or different tokens of those stimuli. In Experiment 3, in a forced choice task, listeners were able to retrieve the correct segmentation and correctly identify such ambiguous stimuli. Acoustic analyses have identified some of the acoustic differences between members of the pairs (l'affiche vs. la fiche). These differences are likely to be used by listeners during word segmentation. Keywords : Segmentation, Speech, Word Recognition. Introduction Unlike written language, where words are separated by blank spaces, there are no clear word boundaries in spoken language. This means that a given stretch of speech can be consistent with multiple lexical hypotheses, and that these hypotheses can begin at different points in the input. In processing the speech stream, the listener is therefore routinely confronted with temporary ambiguities. Thus in the French son chat potele [s•)S apotle] 'his/her plump cat', the recognition system must select between competing hypotheses like son chat [s•)S a]… 'his/her cat' and son chapeau [s•)S apo]… 'his/her hat' which, to a first approximation, are equally supported by segmental information. Hence, in order to recognize words in spoken language, listeners must segment the speech stream into discrete word units. How do listeners accomplish this task? Segmentation could be based on several sources of information contained in the speech signal. Listeners could then exploit regularities associated with word beginnings and ends in segmenting the speech stream. One source of information could come from language-specific metrical structure. In English, for example, most content words start with a strong syllable. Cutler and Norris (1988) proposed the Metrical Segmentation Strategy (MSS), according to which listeners exploit such prosodic probabilities to segment speech. According to the MSS, lexical access is initiated at each strong syllable the listener encounters. In a word-spotting experiment, Cutler and Norris (1988) showed that CVCC words like mint [mInt] are easier to detect in Strong-Weak sequences (e.g., [mIn.t?f], where the first syllable is stressed) than in Strong-Strong sequences (e.g., [mIn.tef], where both syllables are stressed). In the latter sequences, detection was hypothesized to be slowed by misalignment with the syllabic boundary before the second stressed syllable. Other prosodic cues have been shown to play a role in segmentation. For example, in French, the last syllable of a prosodic phrase is lengthened and has special prominence. Bacri and Banel (1994) showed that listeners could exploit this pattern in word segmentation. Given ambiguous sequences [ba.gaZ] (bagage 'luggage' or bas gage 'low pledge'), listeners were more likely to hear one word (bagage) when the second syllable was lengthened and two words (bas gage) when the first was lengthened. This finding corresponds to the expectation that a phrase-final syllable will be lengthened (and that a phrase boundary will not occur in the middle of a word). More recently, Welby (2003a/b) showed that French listeners could use the presence of an optional rise in fundamental frequency (f 0 ) or even a simple "elbow" in the f 0 curve as a cue to a content word beginning. Listeners interpreted nonsense sequences like [me.la.m•) .din] as a single nonword melamondine when the f 0 rise began at the first syllable ([me]), and two words when it began at the second syllable ([la]) mes lamondines 'my lamondines'. Another source of information could come from the phonotactic rules of a given language. For example, if a certain phone sequence is not a possible syllable onset cluster in a given language (e.g., [mO] in French or [mr] in


In 1998, following consultation with federal, provincial, territorial and municipal cultural departments, various arts councils and almost 200 Canadian artists and arts professionals, the Canadian Conference of the Arts (CCA) released its "Arts in Transition" report. Amongst other findings, the report concluded that education, training and funding of artists in Canada tend to continue emphasizing "modernist traditions" that place primary value on the artist as solitary creator – an approach oriented overwhelmingly to the development of artistic skills. While the report acknowledged that this model "has produced and continues to produce many exceptional artists and works of art," the CCA also voiced the concern that many younger artists find the model confining, unable to accommodate their desire to work more closely with communities and to incorporate social and ecological issues into their art" (5, 6).


Cage Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes(POSS) have been one of the rising organic/inorganic hybrid nanomaterials in real molecular level in recent years.The organic inorganic hybrid cage structures and the corresponding properties are introduced.The synthesis methods of POSS monomers and their derivations by hydrolytic condensation of trifunctional organosilicon monomers are summarized.The problems of low productivity and high cost during the synthesis are put forward.At the same time,the characterizations,the hybrid structures and the preparations of POSS-based polymers are outlined.The applications of POSS in various fields are presented.The developing trends and the problems which need to be resolved of POSS-based materials are discussed at last.


We identify the VSiCSi(SiCCSi) complex in electron-irradiated 6H-SiC samples. Based on the analysis of new photo-excited EPR spectra, and supported by theoretical calculations, it was possible to establish its microscopic structure and to conclude that this complex is formed from the first product of the Si-vacancy annealing, the VSiCSi complex (also known as P6/P7 centers).


The role of cats and dogs in spreading of opisthorchosis in the river basin Te-rek is established. 8,97 % of cats and 4,76 % of dogs were infected by Opisthorchis felineus at intensivity of infection 8,8±1,0 sp. in cats and 6,3±1,6 sp. in dogs. The cats and dogs in Shelkovskoi area of the Chechen Republic are the most infected.


The utility model relates to a coating type water-based inorganic zinc-rich coating structure which is characterized by comprising a first water-based inorganic zinc-rich sealed primer layer (2) and a second water-based inorganic zinc-rich sealed primer layer (3), wherein the thickness of the first water-based inorganic zinc-rich sealed primer layer is 15-25 mum. In the coating type water-based inorganic zinc-rich coating structure, the first water-based inorganic zinc-rich sealing primer layer is thinner in thickness so as to fast form a film layer on the surface of steel, the drying speed is fast, and the coating and the steel are combined firmly; and the thickness of the second water-based inorganic zinc-rich sealed primer layer is guaranteed, the sealing property of the coating molecule structure is improved, the anticorrosion effect is good, and the service life is prolonged.


Li4Ti5O12 was prepared by a hydrothermal method followed by solid state calcination using lithium acetate and tetrabutyl titanate as raw materials, triethanolamine as a structure-directing agent. The effects of different mole ratios of titanium to lithium and calcination temperature on the structure and electrochemical performance of Li4Ti5O12 were investigated by XRD, SEM, constant current charge-discharge and cyclic voltammetry. The results show that, when the mole ratio of titanium to lithium is 1:0.82 and the calcination temperature is 800 ℃, the obtained pure phase spinel Li4Ti5O12 with average particle size of 200 nm has better electrochemical performance. The initial discharge specific capacity of the sample is as high as 181.7 mA·h/g at the current density of 0.1C, and the capacity remains 151.5 mA·h/g after 50 cycles with the capacity fading rate of only 6 μA·h/g per cycle during 5−50th cycles. The sample still remains initial discharge capacity of 135 mA·h/g at 2.0C and the capacity fading rate is 0.48 mA·h/g per cycle during the 5−50th


Resilience is an essential property for critical networked environments such as utility networks (e.g. gas, water and electricity grids), industrial control systems, and communication networks. Due to the complexity of such networked environments achieving resilience is multi-dimensional since it involves a range of factors such as redundancy and connectivity of different system components as well as availability, security, dependability and fault tolerance. Hence, it is of importance to address resilience within a unified framework that considers such factors and further enables the practical composition of resilience mechanisms. In this paper we firstly introduce the concepts and principles of Multi-Level Resilience (MLR) and then demonstrate its applicability in a particular cloud-based scenario.


Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is associated with chronic inflammation as usual. The role of a number of non-specific inflammatory markers (CRP, fibrinogen and others) in atherosclerosis pathogenesis has been described in details. On the early stages atherosclerotic inflammation stimulates monocytes adhesion to activated endothelial cells due to over expression of adhesion cell molecules on cellular membranes. The increased serum levels of soluble forms of these molecules (sICAM-1, sVCAM-1) are revealed in many diseases, including acute coronary syndrome and chronic heart failure. The data of a number of studies, in witch these serum markers were determined in patients with different forms of IHD are presented in this article. Conclusion. sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 may be used as additional laboratory markers for the evaluation of the severity of inflammation in different IHD forms.


As a part of a research project concerning the behaviour of large diameter corrugated steel culverts under shallow soil cover, full scale tests on a 6.0 m span pipe arch profile have been performed. The tests have included studies in the service limit state as well as failure load tests. The loading tests have shown that the height of cover significantly influences steel strains, culvert deflections and soil pressures. The influence of moving vehicles almost equals that of static loading but it should be noted that the tests were conducted at low speed. Failure load tests were performed at cover depth of 0.75 m (12.5 % of the culvert span). Although some influence on the bearing capacity of simulated defects of the culvert could be noted the degree of compaction dominated the behaviour of steel culverts and therefore the load bearing capacity. Measured failure loads were quite high and shows that design methods in current bridge codes are conservative for culverts with shallow cover influenced by live loads. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD E101472.


Since the Information Industry Department issued the first increment telecommunication service operation permit in 2000,the SP profession experienced a fast growth,during which the SP profession had such problems as absence of right of discourse for enterprises,enterprise credit problem,etc.Especially an overwhelming majority enterprises had not formed the core competitive ability.For the SP enterprises to mold core competitive ability,three differentiation strategy should be implemented,namely the customer resources subduing strategy,the content subduing strategy and the technology subduing strategy.


Single dot photoluminescence spectroscopy was used to study the homogeneous linewidth $\ensuremath{\Gamma}$ of the ground-state exciton in ${\mathrm{In}}_{0.60}{\mathrm{Ga}}_{0.40}\mathrm{As}/\mathrm{GaAs}$ quantum dots as function of temperature T. In high resolution experiments at 2 K, we find a linewidth that is limited by the excitonic lifetime corresponding to a dephasing time of almost a ns. The approximately linear increase of \ensuremath{\Gamma} with temperature up to $\ensuremath{\sim}30 \ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{eV}$ at 60 K is considerably weaker than in structures of higher dimensionality. For higher T we observe a strong enhancement of the linewidth reaching eventually a few meV at room temperature that depends on the confined electronic shell structure.


Large parts of complex shape with 3D hardening zones are, for example, forming tools, turbine blades, angular rings and others. Such parts are processed with two cooperating robots. Each of the robots is equipped with the 1D beam shaping system "LASSY" with integrated temperature controller (also see Annual Reports 2009/2010). In addition the following process variations and corresponding beam shaping systems were developed, tested and implemented in production:


This profile of the typical television journalist is based on a recent survey of 215 journalists employed by TV stations in Brisbane, Melbourne and Sydney. The profile is of course nothing but a series of statistical averages, which disguises the range of backgrounds and characteristics of television journalists. But it does give a summary indication of the occupation's members, which can be compared at a glance with studies of similar groups.


Affect researchers have long argued that the affect transfer process can be asymmetrical depending on the valence (i.e., positive vs. negative) of affect being transferred, as individuals possess a...


Natural killer (NK) cells preferentially express several genes of the C‐type lectin superfamily which have been implicated in the regulation of NK cell function. We demonstrate that CD94 is a type II membrane protein encoded by a unique gene of the C‐type lectin superfamily. While homology of CD94 with the NK cell‐associated NKR‐P1 and NKG2 C‐type lectin genes is limited to the structural motifs conserved in the carbohydrate recognition domain, all of these genes are on human chromosome 12, the syntenic of mouse chromosome 6, where genes of the NK complex (NKR‐P1 and Ly‐49) are located. An unexpected feature of CD94 is the essential absence of a cytoplasmic domain, implying that association with other receptors may be necessary for the function of this molecule.


This study is aimed at the development of laser-radiation converters (LPC) for the wavelength of 1550 nm, which can operate efficiently upon the increase of irradiation power. The photovoltaic structures are produced by Zn diffusion from the gas phase into n-GaSb bulk wafers or base layers grown by liquid phase epitaxy. The output parameters of developed converters with the total size of 4 mm2 are studied at uniform (flash lamp) and partly non-uniform (laser beam) illumination distributions on the LPC surface. Under the Xe-lamp the cells have demonstrated the monochromatic efficiency of 28.4% at laser power ∼1.5 W. In addition, the growth of epitaxial base layer and the reduction of contact-grid shadow from 20% to 10% allow one to enhance the LPC estimated efficiency up to ∼40%. Under illumination by the continuous laser (λ=1550 nm) through the optical fiber with the radiation intensity of 1.4 W the maximum output power of LPCs is 365 mW, which corresponds to the PV power density of ∼20 W/cm2.This study is aimed at the development of laser-radiation converters (LPC) for the wavelength of 1550 nm, which can operate efficiently upon the increase of irradiation power. The photovoltaic structures are produced by Zn diffusion from the gas phase into n-GaSb bulk wafers or base layers grown by liquid phase epitaxy. The output parameters of developed converters with the total size of 4 mm2 are studied at uniform (flash lamp) and partly non-uniform (laser beam) illumination distributions on the LPC surface. Under the Xe-lamp the cells have demonstrated the monochromatic efficiency of 28.4% at laser power ∼1.5 W. In addition, the growth of epitaxial base layer and the reduction of contact-grid shadow from 20% to 10% allow one to enhance the LPC estimated efficiency up to ∼40%. Under illumination by the continuous laser (λ=1550 nm) through the optical fiber with the radiation intensity of 1.4 W the maximum output power of LPCs is 365 mW, which corresponds to the PV power density of ∼20 W/cm2.


Two dinuclear complexes [M2(H2L)2](ClO4)4·2MeCN (M = Co for Co2 and Fe for Fe2) were synthesized using a symmetric hydrazone ligand with the metal ions in an N6 coordination environment. The crystal structures and magnetic properties were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The crystal structure study revealed that the spin centers were all in the high-spin state with a distorted octahedron (Oh) geometry. Dynamic magnetic properties measurements revealed that complex Co2 exhibited field-induced single-molecule magnet properties with two-step relaxation in which the fast relaxation path was from QTM and the slow relaxation path from the thermal relaxation under an applied field.


The article examines the consequences, thus far under-investigated in transnational migration studies, of forced population movements for the societies and cultures of the sending/expelling countries. The cases considered are immense forced migrations, involving over 80 million people, across and outside Eastern Europe during the twentieth century. The discussion focuses on the consequences of these involuntary movements in the public sphere, including effects on the collective (group) self-perceptions and representations of others (non-group) and inter- and intra-group relations; on national/ethnic culture (collective memory, customs, value orientations); on domestic and international relations; and on human resources (skills, abilities) and economic growth.


This article analyzes Turkey's need to make increased efforts to ameliorate relations with Libya in order to successfully advance the "African Evolution" initiatives. The study covers the AKP period since 2009, including the rebellion conducted by the Benghazi rebels up to the death of Gaddafi and the post-Gaddafi period up to now.