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Writing in the journal Science, Lieberman and Eisenberger said the brains of the volunteers lit up when they were rejected in virtually the same way as a person experiencing physical pain.
"It would be odd if social pain looked like the exact same thing as someone-breaking-your-arm pain," Lieberman said. "What it does look like is visceral pain."
In other words -- like being punched in the stomach.
[Full article]
rejection really does hurt
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subset: commoncrawl


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A mechanism-based computational model to capture the interconnections among epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cancer stem cells and Notch-Jagged signaling
Bocci, Federico; Jolly, Mohit Kumar; George, Jason Thomas; Levine, Herbert; Onuchic, José Nelson
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cell (CSCs) formation are two fundamental and well-studied processes contributing to cancer metastasis and tumor relapse. Cells can undergo a partial EMT to attain a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) phenotype or a complete EMT to attain a mesenchymal one. Similarly, cells can reversibly gain or lose 'stemness'. This plasticity in cell states is modulated by signaling pathways such as Notch. However, the interconnections among the cell states enabled by EMT, CSCs and Notch signaling remain elusive. Here, we devise a computational model to investigate the coupling among the core decision-making circuits for EMT, CSCs and Notch. Our model predicts that hybrid E/M cells are most likely to associate with stem-like traits and enhanced Notch-Jagged signaling – a pathway implicated in therapeutic resistance. Further, we show that the position of the 'stemness window' on the 'EMT axis' is varied by altering the coupling strength between EMT and CSC circuits, and/or modulating Notch signaling. Finally, we analyze the gene expression profile of CSCs from several cancer types and observe a heterogeneous distribution along the 'EMT axis', suggesting that different subsets of CSCs may exist with varying phenotypes along the epithelial-mesenchymal axis. We further investigate therapeutic perturbations such as treatment with metformin, a drug associated with decreased cancer incidence and increased lifespan of patients. Our mechanism-based model explains how metformin can both inhibit EMT and blunt the aggressive potential of CSCs simultaneously, by driving the cells out of a hybrid E/M stem-like state with enhanced Notch-Jagged signaling.
Published Version
epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT); cancer stem cells (CSCs); Notch signaling; hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) phenotype; stemness window
Journal article
Citable link to this pagehttps://hdl.handle.net/1911/102720
RightsThis is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License 3.0 (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Link to Licensehttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
MetadataShow full item record
- Bioengineering Publications [513]
- BioSciences Publications [242]
- Chemistry Publications [521]
- Faculty Publications [3913]
- Physics and Astronomy Publications [1407]


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Bear Clipart images. Use these free Bear Clipart for your personal projects or designs.
You can use these Bear Clipart for your blog, website, or share them on all social networks.
Hi! Are you looking for Bear Clipart vectors or Bear Clipart images? We have 6211 free resources for you. Download on HDClipartAll your hd clipart images, high-quality Bear images.
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We took a short break but now we're back with out first brand new gallery of 2018! At both the beginning and end of last year, we really opened our Amazons with 6 galleries from the hit series. Alpha, Omega, Jungraider, Sigma, Mole Amazon, & Neo. To kick this year off we've decided to start with a gallery of the Amazon Japan exclusive edition of S.H. Figuarts Kamen Rider Amazon New Omega!
New Omega is Haruka Mizusawa's upgrade from the 2nd season of Amazons, and the first true upgrade for any of the riders in the show. Using the new Neo Amazons Driver, Haruka's traditional Omega suit gets retrofitted with cybernetic parts that give him a wild and unfinished look that's really striking. This Amazon JP edition of the figure includes all the of the standard accessories like the Neo Blade arm, an Amazons Syringe, and two sets of hands, but also comes with the exclusive Green Tamashii Flame Effects!
We've attached the full 50+ image gallery of Amazon New Omega to this post, but you can also check out our full review of the figure after the jump. Just click "Discuss on the TokuNation Forums" at the bottom of this post to be taken to the full thread. We'll be back later this week with a full gallery & review of S.H. Figuarts Takeshi Hongo!


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Microsoft (eventually) selling a phone that runs Android is not particularly meaningful in terms of its impact financially but is a totem of a major shift culturally.
The End of Windows
The Windows division no longer exists at Microsoft, marking the end to a four-year process of changing Microsoft's culture.
Microsoft Build, iTunes on the Windows Store
Satya Nadella sketched a new vision at Microsoft Build, but the company has yet to replace the Windows engine. Then, Microsoft (likely) compromises to get iTunes into the Windows Store.
Apple-WeChat Follow-up, Windows 10 S and the Education Market
Apple was never in a position to respond to WeChat, just as Microsoft couldn't respond to Google. Then, Chromebooks win in education for more reasons than cost.
Microsoft's Hardware Event, Satya Nadella Versus Windows, The Surface Strategy
Microsoft's hardware event was very compelling on multiple levels: what it said about Windows, what it said about Microsoft, and what it said about Satya Nadella.
Daily Update: Microsoft's Windows 10 Event (and Project HoloLens)
Good morning, Today's update is all about Microsoft's myriad of announcements yesterday. I think it makes the most sense to think of the event, billed as being about Windows 10, in three parts: Part 1 was the overview of Windows 10, including the vision underlying the operating system, demos of specific functionality, as well as […]
Daily Update: Ello Follow-up, Windows 10, Apple Watch in Paris
Good morning, The biggest news yesterday was that Ebay plans to spin off Paypal. I definitely think this is the right move, but I also suspect it's too late. I plan to write more about it in a day or two. On to the update: Ello Follow-up I was actually surprised I didn't get more […]
It's Time to Split Up Microsoft
To understand why so many serious Microsoft observers were encouraged by Satya Nadella's week-ago memo Bold Ambition and Our Core,1 it's useful to go back 10 years and read Steve Ballmer's 2004 memo Our Path Forward. It was around this time that cracks were first starting to appear in the Microsoft machine: the stock had […]
Daily Update: Windows 8.1 with Bing, Hacking and Corporate Responsibility, Asian Chat App Updates
Good morning, Happy Memorial Day to my US readers, and Happy Monday to the rest of the world. When it comes to holidays, I plan on observing the Taiwanese holidays for most of the year, but American holidays during the summer (i.e. July 4). I'll always let you know before I take a day off […]
It's Time to Kill Surface
"The question that needs to be asked and answered is why hardware." To Satya Nadella's credit, he provided not just the answer, but the question as well. And, looked at narrowly, there were good things seen – and not seen – at Microsoft's Surface event. Having clearly failed as a mass market device, it makes […]


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Experience a stay in the Bay of Island's most beautiful accommodation.
Inspired by the shape of Cupid's bow, and designed as a residence for a romance novelist, Moon Gate Villa is set amongst Kerikeri's traditional orchard hedges and within 1.5 acres of sub-tropical gardens.
Each suite is decorated with understated style; amazingly comfortable beds, robes, slippers and luxury towels. Facilities include modern wide screen TVs with on-demand movies, Netflix, Bluetooth connectivity for your personal music. Free unlimited Wi-Fi is available throughout the villa and gardens.
All rooms open onto the gardens with comfortable sun loungers and private entry into the solar heated swimming pool. The terrace lounge is for the exclusive use of our guests.
Our famous breakfasts are included in the tariff, and evening dining is available when requested in advance. Within a short distance are Kerikeri's many excellent restaurants and wineries.
Moon Gate Villa is independently rated 5 star, Boutique and Lodge by Qualmark New Zealand.
In the Bay of Islands, Kerikeri offers a more sophisticated and relaxing alternative than busy Paihia. It is an excellent location for exploring the secluded and less visited bays and beaches to the north.
Within walking distance are New Zealand's two oldest European buildings on the Bay of Islands, Kerikeri inlet; 4 waterfalls, the Old Packhouse markets, Makana chocolate factory and café. Bay and Cape Reinga tours will collect you from our entrance.
Book direct through our web site for 2+ nights and receive the best rates. Celebrating something special? Contact us to see how we can make your occasion even more special!
Lionel and Rob left Melbourne, Australia in 2011 to return to Lionel's native New Zealand, to create Moon Gate Villa. We are always here when you need us, and discretely invisible when you don't.
Lionel's family signature appears on the Treaty, just down the road in New Zealand's premium visitor experience at the Waitangi Treaty Grounds and museum. He loves to share his Maori heritage and culture with guests. Try a few Maori language classes over breakfast!
You'll be delighted with a stay at Moon Gate Villa.
Host rates subject to change. Please confirm with hosts before booking.
Our Code of Conduct
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Baked Zucchini Chips
4 zucchini, thinly sliced into 1/8-inch rounds
2 T. olive oil
optional seasonings: smoked paprika, cumin, garlic powder, pepper
Preheat oven to 250F. Slice zucchini using knife or mandolin. Layout on paper towels. Top with more towels and press to squeeze out as much moisture as possible.
Line baking sheets with parchment paper. Lightly grease with cooking spray. Layout zucchini slices on parchment tightly but not overlapping. Lightly brush oil over slices. Sprinkle with salt (and other seasoning you choose to use).
Bake for 1-1/2 to 2 hours until crisp and golden. Remove those chips that are crisp. Those that may still be soggy or not quite done, leave in for a little longer until crispy. Remove and let cool before serving.
In the event there are leftovers (no!), store in air-tight container.


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Ticket Down is a reputable source of authentic tickets for UFC 194 featuring Conor McGregor vs. Jose Aldo. Starting on December 10th fans of the Ultimate Fighting Championship and mixed martial arts will have the chance to see shows on three consecutive nights. The first show will feature the Paige VanZant vs. Joanne Calderwood main event, while the December 11th show will feature the featherweight showdown between Chad Mendes and Frankie Edgar, but the fight that fans can't wait to see will come on December 12th when Jose Aldo and Conor McGregor fight to unify the UFC featherweight title. The UFC 194 card also features the UFC middleweight title fight between Chris Weidman and Luke Rockhold and several other elite level fights.
Aldo and McGregor were set to fight several months ago but an injury forced Aldo out of the fight. McGregor went on to win the interim title beating Mendes and now the stage is set for these two men to finally settle the score and determine who the best 145 pound fighter is in the sport of MMA. McGregor will come into the fight riding a 14 fight winning streak dating back to 2010 but Aldo comes in sporting an even more impressive 18 fight winning streak dating back to 2006.
The other main event will settle a rivalry that has is relatively new in the MMA world. Since dethroning Anderson Silva as the man in the middleweight division, Weidman has defended his title successfully three times against three of the best fighters in the division. The best in the division argument is where this rivalry began as Rockhold feels he is the unofficial man to beat in the division. He was the final Strikeforce middleweight champion and despite suffering a defeat at the hands of Vitor Belfort has put together four straight impressive stoppages to earn his place in the title fight.
UFC 194 will take place from the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Las Vegas, NV on December 12.
About TicketDown.com:
Ticket Down delivers tickets to sold out concerts and events worldwide when no one else can, and they do so at discounted prices. This popular ticket exchange also has authentic UFC 194 tickets for all budgets and seating preferences. UFC fans can choose from ringside seats, club seats, box seats, general admission (GA) and more.
Note: Ticket Down is not associated with any professional boxers or venues mentioned in this release. The names that are used in this release are purely for descriptive purposes. We are not affiliated with nor do we endorse any trademarked terms or venues in this release. We do not take responsibility for any errors or omissions in this release.
Check out our discount codes online for all upcoming events. Ticket Down has low overheads which allow this well-known ticket site to keep prices competitive.
Media Contact
Company Name: JP Media
Contact Person: Ticket Down
Email: email@example.com
Phone: 1-877-870-3653
Country: United States
Website: www.ticketdown.com


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Rafael Nadal to reveal THIS amazing new racket at Mexico Open: PURE AERO DECIMA
RAFAEL NADAL is set to debut his new racket at the Mexico Open.
Rafael Nadal will debut a new racket at the Mexico Open
Rafael Nadal will play with his new Babolat racket in Acapulco.
The racket, named the PURE AERO DECIMA, commemorates Nadal's stunning 10th French Open triumph last year.
Nadal is a 16-time Grand Slam champion, with 10 of those triumphs coming on the Roland Garros clay.
His 2017 victory was dubbed 'la decima' in Spain.
Nadal's new racket contains the colours from the Spanish flag of red, yellow and black, with orange symbolising the Parisian clay courts.
The PURE AERO DECIMA commemorates Rafael Nadal's 10 French Open wins
Babolat have supplied Rafael Nadal with his racket for years
Babolat launched the racket today and their chief maker, who looks after all of Nadal's rackets, spoke about working for the 31-year-old.
"He is not one of the people who demands the most work of me," Guillaume Cambon said.
"In addition, Rafa is not a big consumer of rackets: he uses at most thirty a year."
It is claimed Nadal has never broken a racket intentionally on court - one of the few players to have done that during their careers.
Rafael Nadal's new PURE AERO DECIMA
Last year Babolat made a major change to Nadal's weapon, adding two grams of lead to the head to gain more power.
Nadal is famous for his stinging forehands.
He will debut the PURE AERO DECIMA in Mexico on February 26.


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Laxmi Narayan Temple, also known as Birla Mandir, is one of Delhi's major temples and a major tourist attraction. Built by the industrialst Sh. J.K. Birla in 1939, this beautiful temple is located in the west of Connaught Place. The temple is dedicated to Laxmi (the goddess of prosperity) and Narayana (The preserver). The temple was inaugurated by Mahatma Gandhi on the condition that people of all castes will be allowed to enter the temple.
Phone Number
91-11-24647005, 24698431, 24618026


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Far left reaction to Donald Trump's election has ranged from outright violence to hypocritical whining about fleeing the country—but only to Canada, not to Mexico, in contrast to their support for Mexican immigration to the U.S.
At the same time, the first reports of mob violence have emerged, with police being called out in Washington DC and Oakland, California, to control leftist mobs.
Anti-Trump protester in Oakland, California, runs past a burning barricade.
Many of the most prominent supporters of Hillary Clinton announced earlier that if Trump won, they would "move to Canada."
Actress Lena Dunham from HBO's "Girls" is on record as saying that "I know a lot of people have been threatening to do this, but I really will. I know a lovely place in Vancouver."
Neve Campbell, an actress on the political drama "House of Cards," vowed to move back "home to Canada."
Barbara Streisand, a vocal Clinton supporter, told "60 Minutes" that "I'm either coming to your country if you'll let me in, or Canada."
Rapper Ne-Yo is on record as saying that he would "move to Canada and be neighbors" with fellow R&B singer Drake if Trump won.
Comedian Keegan-Michael Key said he would flee north to Canada. "It's like, 10 minutes from Detroit. That's where I'm from; my mom lives there. It'd make her happy too."
Obviously a lot of other leftists felt the same way, because data from Google suggests searches for "move to Canada" spiked significantly during the night as Trump victories unfolded in key battleground states.
In addition, Canada's main immigration website "appeared to suffer repeated outages on Tuesday night as Trump took the lead in several major states and his prospects for winning the US presidency turned markedly higher."
Strangely enough, none of these leftist activists have considered moving to Mexico, which is bizarre, seeing as they all welcome Mexican immigration to the U.S.
In addition, the weather in Mexico has to be more pleasant than in Canada, so why would these people who hate Donald Trump prefer majority white Canada to Mexico?
Black actor Samuel L. Jackson, who slammed Trump for running a "hate"-filled campaign, was a little more honest, and said he would move to South Africa if he wins. "If that motherf—er becomes president, I'm moving my black ass to South Africa."
At the same time, violence erupted during an anti-Trump rally in Oakland, California, where large crowds gathered on the streets, waving Mexican flags.
The mob smashed windows of the Oakland Tribune newsroom, set tires and trash on fire, and blocked roads.
Police had to be called in to control the mob, and a number of arrests were made.
In addition, reports of similar protests have started to come in from around the country, with a crowd in Portland, Oregon, burning the U.S. flag as they marched and shouting "f*** Donald Trump." They also blocked traffic in downtown Portland and forced a delay for trains on two light rail lines.
Crowds also gathered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, where only a heavy police presence prevented them turning violent.


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Posted By: Jason
If you want to impact on user retention rates and lifetime value for your mobile app, then you need to pay close attention to the onboarding process. You want to make it as easy as possible for users to get up and running with your app, by minimising any long winded registration process. But where single screen hybrid resignation is successful for social media and entertainment apps, you may want to demonstrate the benefits and the functionality of your app through a more considered onboarding experience.
Long forms are a turn off. Your users won't be interested in supplying information that might be of huge value for your analytics but brings no value to their onboarding experience. Gather only the most essential information and try and make it a one screen process.
Provide your essential onboarding information in chunks, one concept per screen. If you're demonstrating benefit and value, or key app functionality, don't overwhelm your user. Keep it short, simple and engaging.
Have you ever tried to register with an app and have been unable to do so without knowing why? It's incredibly frustrating, but you can minimise failures by giving clear, consistent and above all contextual feedback that helps your user understand and fix errors with ease.
For more complex apps that essentially need a tutorial in how to use them, you're wise to create a more interactive and guided process that engages users in exploration of your apps functionality - think of the way a game tutorial gets you up and running in a few minutes. You need to apply those same gamification techniques to guide your users to 'walkthrough' the onboarding experience. Use animation, but only if it adds value and not frustration to the experience.
User abandonment reached levels of 25% in 2015. You don't want your carefully crafted mobile app to become a statistic, unless it's the most downloaded app of the year, so test your onboarding process, using data and feedback to discern patterns of use and identify points of weakness that can frustrate or enhance the onboarding UX.


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I have recently been alerted to problems that some Windows users are having with so-called Ultra Direct Memory Access (UDMA) hard drives - drives that can theoretically transfer files as fast as 33.3Mbps, as opposed to 16.6Mbps under the original IDE standard.
In this column, I'll tell you how such symptoms can show up under Windows and what you can do about them.
Let me start by saying that most UDMA drives, perhaps the great majority, work fine under Windows. But there seems to be a discernible minority of UDMA drives that have been installed in systems that aren't quite capable of supporting the maximum speeds that UDMA can produce. Problems can be caused by electromagnetic interference on the system bus; poor flow control in hardware or firmware; or inferior circuitry on the drive itself. In such cases, a drive can "time out", slowing the system and/or corrupting data files.
The problem is affecting more and more people, because the installation of Windows 98 automatically installs UDMA drivers on systems with such drives. You can also install UDMA drivers under Windows 95 and Windows NT (Service Pack 3). And PC manufacturers may configure their systems so they ship with high-speed UDMA enabled, not realising that this causes intermittent failures.
If you have a UDMA drive in a system that isn't quite up to speed (so to speak), you may experience one or more of the following difficulties when upgrading to Windows 98.
Win 98 fails during the plug-and-play process and won't complete the installation.
Alternatively, after a successful installation, Win 98 will start only in Safe Mode.
When transferring files, a drive appears to slow way down, then speed up again. This may also pause or hang software or your keyboard and mouse.
You start missing perfectly good files, or you lose the capability to access your hard drive at all.
Win 98 shutdown takes much, much longer than normal.
Of course, the above symptoms can be caused by many other problems. One of the frustrating things about UDMA difficulties is that they may be intermittent and hard to diagnose.
To see if you have DMA or UDMA drives installed, click Start, Settings, Control Panel. Click the Device Manager tab, then click the plus sign to the left of "Hard Disk Controllers" to expand this branch. If you see an entry such as "Intel 82371AB/EB PCI Bus-Master IDE Controller", you have a UDMA-capable system. The entry "Standard Dual PCI IDE Controller" means you do not have bus-mastering drivers loaded.
To see if you have your system configured for DMA and UDMA, click the plus sign to the left of "Disk Drives," then double-click a drive icon, then click the Settings tab. If a "DMA" check box is present and it is checked, your system is configured to use DMA and UDMA transfers. If you have been having the problems listed above, you can try unchecking this box and restarting Windows to see if this helps.


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Baku. 25 April. REPORT.AZ/ Strong earthquake hits in Nepal, Report informs citing the Gazeta.ru.
Magnitude tremors reached 7.4 points. According to eyewitnesses, the tremors were felt not only in Nepal, but also in northern India, including New Delhi.
It is reported that the capital of Nepal Kathmandu airport closed due to the earthquake.
"The airport is closed, there are a lot of destructions", said in a Twitter of newspaper 'Times of India'.
No casualties and injuries were reported.


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Wi-Fi: Are You Leaving Money on the Table?
By Alan Lindquist Regional Director, Skyriver Communications | May 13, 2012
Companies and employees are consuming broadband at enormous usage rates today. Access to fast, reliable broadband Internet is now business critical for the vast majority of industries and companies. Business professionals travel with multiple devices and run a multitude of applications, usually simultaneously. This necessity of being reliably connected and always working while attending meetings and conventions presents a clear opportunity for hotels to transform their Wi-Fi offering into a powerful revenue generator.
Wi-Fi done right, represents a great opportunity to increase your revenue. Let's start with differentiation. When you positively differentiate yourself from competitive business meeting venues, you immediately provide a tangible reason for business guests to do business with you. Thus, you attract new customers and new revenue. Secondly, these new customers are higher value customers. They will spend significant monies on high speed Internet, guest rooms, food, meeting rooms, and all the ancillary services required for business meetings. As these guests will no doubt have a positive and productive meeting, you'll also see increased revenues via repeat business.
In addition to generating more gross revenue, we can't forget the profitability or margin side of your Wi-Fi business. Net revenue is about balancing the new revenue with expenses. Hotels have invested significant dollars in their Wi-Fi infrastructure and are constantly upgrading their systems to new technologies such as 802.11g, and now 802.11n, which promise more bandwidth. However, if the connectivity to the hotel becomes the "real bottleneck", then your hotel guests will not see the benefits of your technology upgrades as guests will experience slow connections.
To prevent this "slow bottleneck" you need to find a broadband service provider with the flexibility to meet your guests' needs as well as your hotel budget needs. If you're relying on the copper technology of phone companies, say a few T1s, or fiber connections from a cable company, then you probably have a service that's not going to be able to scale up and down to meet your variable meeting and conference usage demands. Instead, you'll want to look for a company that allows you to scale your speeds from one week to another without time-consuming forms to fill out or costly installation crews to dispatch.
A technology that is especially well-suited for meetings and events is fixed wireless. Fixed wireless provides reliable bandwidth that is built and dedicated just for your property. It's a microwave connection that delivers the full and complete bandwidth that you contract for. The service is fully protected with advanced encryption and safety protocols, so it's as safe is it is reliable, and can deliver speeds to 200 Mbps.
Without a scalable Internet service, such as that of fixed wireless, you run the risk either disappointing your guests with too little bandwidth or paying for bandwidth you don't always need. The most frequent complaints of hotel guests are pages and files are slow to load, they cannot get on the Internet or get bounced off, applications cannot load, uploads are painstakingly slow, and demonstrations freeze and cannot be performed in real time. All of these risk damaging the productivity and entertainment value of an otherwise pleasant and happy stay at your property.


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Behavioural problems can be due to primary behavioural disorder(s) or they can be secondary to an underlying medical disorder or they can be due to both.To investigate a behavioural problem, the vet obtains a full history and conducts a physical examination. Sometimes blood and/or urine tests may be required to help rule out any underlying medical condition(s).
Behavioural problems in pets are usually the combined effect of many factors including genetics, environment and learning. Genetics can predispose a pet to certain behaviours but the expression of those behaviours will depend on the pet's early socialisation and training.
Changes to the pet's environment may contribute to the emergence of behavioural problems. For example, disruption of a pet's routine; the presence of a new household member (such as another pet, a baby or a spouse/partner); moving house; or the loss of a family member or a companion pet can have a dramatic impact on behaviour. Any medical or degenerative changes associated with ageing may cause the pet to be even more sensitive to these environmental changes.
Learning plays an important role in the development of behaviours. Early training and socialisation is essential to having a happy, well-adjusted pet.
Punishment of a behavioural problem often exacerbates it. It is important to seek professional advice as soon as a behavioural problem appears in order to have the best chance of resolving it. Early intervention is more effective than trying to resolve a behaviour that has existed for a period of time and has become well-established.
Positive reinforcement is the preferred method for changing behaviour. However, this must be used carefully as it can encourage undesirable behaviour if applied incorrectly.
Unfortunately, THERE IS NO QUICK FIX for any behavioural problem. This is one of the first and most important pieces of information we give clients that visit us for a problem behaviour in their pet. Behavioural problems require TIME, PATIENCE, PERSEVERANCE, COMPLIANCE and an OPEN-MIND in order to correct or improve them. Furthermore, changing problem behaviour requires commitment by the whole family because everyone the pet interacts with, will contribute to encouraging desirable behaviour in that pet.
Seek pet behavioural advice only from reliable and qualified sources such as a reputable trainer, a veterinarian or a veterinary behavioural specialist. Behaviour is not an exact science, and as such, a plethora of information may be found from just as many sources. Not all advice is helpful and can at times make the situation worse. For example, people with a destructive dog are often given advice to get another dog to fix the problem. Unfortunately, they may end up with TWO destructive dogs!
With behavioural issues, it is crucial to try to identify and address the CAUSE of the problem, not just treat the symptoms of the problem. For example, chaining up a dog that is digging may stop the dog physically reaching areas that it can dig but it is not a feasible longterm solution and it does not identify the reason for digging, which means the dog is still suffering the stressors or anxieties that drive it to dig.
For some problems such as barking, escaping, aggression, or separation anxiety it is beneficial to see the pet in its natural environment. A home visit may be recommended after an initial consultation with a veterinarian. There are medications which can assist with controlling problem behaviours (in particular, anxieties or obsessive-compulsive type disorders) and which can, when used in conjunction with specific training techniques, achieve a more successful outcome.
There is no single formula of training and medication that is guaranteed to work for every single pet.
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- Windows
- Multimedia
- Editors & Converters
- ImTOO Video Editor
ImTOO Video Editor
ImTOO Video Editor 2.2.0 is available as a free download on our software library. The file size of the latest installer available for download is 24.9 MB.
ImTOO Video Editor was developed to work on Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8 or Windows 10 and is compatible with 32-bit systems. The ImTOO Video Editor installer is commonly called VideoEditor.exe, AVSVideoEditor.exe, veditor.exe or VideoEditor,.exe etc.
This download was checked by our built-in antivirus and was rated as clean. The program is categorized as Multimedia Tools. The most popular versions of the ImTOO Video Editor 2.2, 2.1 and 2.0. The actual developer of the software is ImTOO Software Studio.
From the developer:
ImTOO Video Editor is a professional video editing software comprising functions of Video Joiner, Video Splitter, and Video Cutter. This smart video editor can help you join multiple video files into a new one, split one file into several segments, or merge your favorite video segments which are cut from one video to a new one easily and fast. It supports editing video files such as AVI, MPEG, WMV, MP4.
You may want to check out more software, such as ImTOO Video Converter, ImTOO Video Cutter or ImTOO Video Joiner, which might be similar to ImTOO Video Editor.
Please add a comment explaining the reasoning behind your vote.
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2017 Organic 'Serafina' Langhe Bianco La Carlina 750ml
Arriving in the first week of November
Founded in 2014 by brother and sister duo, Camilla and Francesco Scavino, La Carlina is a small winery at the foot of the Medieval castle that towers over the village of Grinzane Cavour.
The name "La Carlina" is a reference to the farm of their grandmother where the family would celebrate and party, which is also the place where Camilla and Francesco began experimenting with winemaking as teenagers. Vineyards are scattered between the hills of the Langhe and Monferrato, and farming is organic.
|To be enjoyed when young, better with delicate appetizers, fish, vegetables, and white meat.
|Delicate and persistent supported by an acid vein and rennet apple scents which exalts the taste.
|Light staw-yellow in colour with pale green reflections.
|Fragrant and delicate with white flower scents such as hawthorn, acacia and tropical fruits like lychees and passion fruit.
|100% Favorita
|Picked by hand in small cases. De-stemming, pre-fermentative maceration for 12h at 5°C, soft pressing of the grapes fermentation approx. 14/16 days at a controlled temperature 18-20°C.
|4 months in stainless steel.
|Bottles produced
|12% vol
Please note. Our wine selection is dispatched from a different warehouse than the rest of the range. We will inform you of the tracking number of the bottle as soon as this becomes available.
This product is available for purchase to UK only customers. For any question, please do not hesitate to contact us at hello[@]theredbeetle.com
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text: Application Cleaning the eC-stencil while in use. Clean solderpaste misprints, non cured SMT adhesives. Unique Selling Points 1. does not attack the flux of the eC-solder-paste and thus does not dry out the eC-solder-paste 2. low evaporation 3. manual printed on label 4. easy dispensing tub (15x21 cm, 100pcs/tub) 5. cover lid prevents fast drying out of the pre saturated wipes 6. the eC-stencil-wipe is highly absorbant 7. lint free and long shelf life 8. can be used for cleaning misprinted PCBs Opening the eC-stencil-wipes 1. open the tub 2. pull out the packing 3. cut of the top of the packing with a scissor 4. pull out the first wipe from the centre of the roll 5. close the tub and pull the first wipe through the top 6. to pull out one wipe, pull the wipe and shear it off horizontally


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Affordable And Also The Best Shopping Online Websites With Fashionable Branded Dresses
Daily, fashion has become popular around the world. There are plenty of things that belong to the umbrella of favor, including, fashionable accessories, dresses, clutches, watches, hats, etc. But, dresses will always be the key to fashion.
An outfit is recognized as denoting a person's status. It reflects not just the status of the individual, however the status of the family too. Actually, dress also defines the society background. A person putting on quality dress always belief that they fit in with high-profile society.
As of this moment, you have a lot of sources, where an individual may purchase different types of dresses according to their choice, including, shopping online sites and offline shops. But, today's generation prefer to prefer shopping online portals to be able to buy the clothes according to their choices and budget.
Quite simply, purchasing products on the internet is as common as fashion in the current time. Actually, it's a lot of benefits over offline shopping. Currently, time is extremely precious for anybody. Sometimes, we are saying "time is money". It is a fact because money could be earned back, but we can not earn time no matter what.
Shopping online is among the most beneficial choices for acquiring the latest products without wasting enough time. An individual can easily buy any product according to their choices and requirement to take a seat in your own home. An individual may make an order anytime everywhere, because it offers 24×7 services towards the consumers.
Shopping portals provide a lot of varieties towards the consumers. It's possible to easily switch the order when they find defective product. Shopping online provides the best choice for cashless shopping towards the customers. Thus, shopping online is way better than traditional searching for most effective and quickest in this hectic agenda.
But, it is a fact that there's an abundance of fraud portals among various shopping websites. Every day, a lot of consumers end up being the victim of pretend sites by buying low-quality product at original prices. Personally, i feel totally harmful to all individuals targeted consumers.
But, it does not imply that all of the websites are frauds. There's also genuine websites, which offer an excellent assortment of quality products at nominal cost. The primary factor is certainly not, but discovering genuine and economical shopping online sites.
An individual may buy the following dresses online shopping websites at inexpensive price points:
Saree: Saree is easily the most attractive traditional dresses, which may be worn on several occasions, just like a birthday celebration, marriage, anniversary, etc. An individual may find limitless collections, including, Silk Sarees, Lehenga Sarees, Designer Sarees, Wedding Sarees, Bengal Cotton Sarees, etc.
Lehenga: This is one of the leading clothes, which usually liked by the majority of the women within the wedding and work efficiently so they can improve a person's personality.
Salwar Suit: The Salwaar Suit is definitely an ethnic put on, that is liked by the majority of the ladies and women on special day.
Legging: Legging is among the trendy put on in the current time. Actually, women prefer legging more when compared with previous time.
Kurti: Kurti is easily the most attractive dress which may be worn with Salwar, Leggings and Jeans. Latest Kurti plays an important role to be able to enhance the personality of the individual.
Actually, all of the dresses play essential role to be able to enhance the personality of the individual. It's also true there are also a lot of men, ladies and kids dresses, which work efficiently so they can improve the personality of the individual. But, for searching beautiful and stunning having a quality dress, one must discover the quality and cost-effective shopping online websites.


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The only program that can reliably export .fh8 files as PDF document would be the Adobe Fireworks, the successor product to FreeHand. You can achieve this by importing the .fh8 file and using a virtual PDF printer to export the file for you, essentially achieving fh8 to pdf conversion.
Updated: March 6, 2020


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Global payroll, benefits, taxes, and compliance for your remote team.
👉 Hiring for a remote position?on the 🏆 #1 remote jobs board
Meet the new standard in Global Payroll
Global payroll, benefits, taxes, and compliance for your remote team.
Data Engineer
Data Engineer
This job post is closed and the position is probably filled. Please do not apply.
\nWork from home for a fun, successful, profitable company. Affinitiv is looking for an experienced Data Engineer to work on several large projects. Knowledge of Microsoft SQL Server administration and T-SQL are a must. The applicant must be a fast learner and willing to dive in quickly. Our proprietary software utilizes unique targeting capabilities, capitalizes on our extensive data analytics giving our engineers interesting projects to work on, lots of autonomy to make good coding decisions, and we try to keep meetings to an absolute minimum. This is a remote (domestic United States only) position, unless you live in the Tampa Bay area. We are only considering senior level candidates who are self-motivated and can be productive without someone standing over their shoulder.\n\n Responsibilities:\n\n\n* Design, develop, and maintain search related functionality in the application\n\n* Work on a team dedicated to the ongoing core needs of the software platform\n\n* Work with engineers on other teams when necessary to fix SQL performance related issues\n\n* Assist the Database Administrator in various administrative tasks and act as backup when necessary\n\n\n\n\n Required Skills and Experience:\n\n\n* 8-10+ years' experience as a software developer and/or SQL administrator.\n\n* Extensive hands-on experience with Microsoft SQL Server / T-SQL, as well as experience with C# and the .Net Framework.\n\n* Able to troubleshoot performance bottlenecks for SQL queries and read query execution plans.\n\n* Good understanding of the following: types of indexes and when to use them, transaction isolation levels and windows analytical functions.\n\n* Knowledge of administration tasks with SQL Server like backups, log backups, checkdb and index/statistics maintenance.\n\n* Knowledge of high-availability cluster setup is preferred.\n\n* Experience with AWS, Elasticsearch, and streaming solutions would be beneficial in this role.\n\n* Prefer experience with Redis.\n\n* Preferred experience with Scrum/Agile as well as test-driven development and various automated testing frameworks.\n\n* Experience with .Net Core preferred.\n\n* Leadership experience is helpful, but not required.\n\n\n\n\n Job Benefits & Perks:\n\n\n* Paid health, dental, and vision insurance.\n\n* 401K, paid holidays, and PTO.\n\n* Competitive wage; compensation commensurate with skills and experience.\n\n\n
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San Shui, born in 1972
The real and illusory scenes in established Chinese contemporary photographer expresses the puzzled, helpless, longing but untouchable situations of people living in metropolis. The sense of happiness becomes our utopian wish. Such feelings are just the reflection of modern citizens' inner reality and living reality. We linger amidst them but are longing to escape from them. We become material slaves as our sick pursue for power, reputation and wealth.
Personal Exhibitions:
2008《The Bund》Collection exhibition (Zendai Modern Art Museum, Shanghai)
2011: Bund: Creativity Center 99 of Academy of Fine Arts(Shanghai University, Shanghai)
2012: "Bund" (New York Harvestworks)
2013: BLURRED REALITY – San Shui Solo Exhibition (Shanghai O.Gallery)
Group Exhibitions:
2015 REVERSE RESPONSE Contemporary Art Exhibition (Shanghai Feson Art Space)
City Vision-Shanghai Contemporary Art Exhibition (Shanghai yun contemporary arts center)
THE TRANSFORMATIONS OF A THREAD (Chinese Xi'an Art Museum)
2014 Australia Lucky Star Festival(Australia Sydney)
ICED EFFECT ( Chinese ASEAN Art MUseum ) Forseeing Exhibition(Shanghai O.Gallery) Art in Transition(Malaysia Avillion Hotel) Asia Contemporary Art Show Spring 2014 (China HongKong)
2013 Nonexistent Reality (Beijing Chambers Fine Art) Growth in the city (China GuangXi NanNing) "Awakening Impulse "(Shanghai O.Gallery)
2012 Shanghai New Ink Exhibition(Shanghai Duolun Museum ) "End of time"(Shanghai One Museum)
China's future — emerging artists scheme(Beijing Today Art Museum) 2011
2011·Toronto Chinese Photo Festival (TCPF) (Canada Toronto)
The Birth of a Myth—Art in a State of Alertness—remembering Jiaozhou Lu incident(Shanghai YK art space) "End To End"New Media Art Show(New York Harvestworks) "Fiction & Truth"(Shanghai Mingyuan Art Center ) "Introspection"Contemporary Art Exhibition (Shanghai Zhu Qizhan Art)
2010 To participate in the exhibition——ART Shanghai
2010 (ShanghaiMART) The Second Chinese Phenomenon · Happeningl Arts Festival (SIAM Songzhuang, China)
2010 Image Exhibition of Contemporary in Guangxi(China Nanning) Shanghai in Proceeding (Pingyao International Photography Show) SAN SHENG WAN WU—Inauguration of the exhibition of Zendai Contemporary Art Exhibition Hall(Shanghai Zendai Contemporary Art Exhibition Hall) Dissimilation of Images—China Concept Photography Exhibition(Guangzhou 3rd Xiaozhou Arts Festival)
2010 Contemporary Image Exchange Exhibition in Chongqing (Chongqing Sichuan Fine Arts stitute) The Real False Appearance —The 5-Person Image Show(Beijing 798Top Red) The 1st International Nanoart Exhibition (Shanghai Tongji University)
2009 "I·Myself"—— 70's Contemporary Art Exhibition(Spring gallery,Shanghai) After the object – the concept of four photographic Exhibition (Guangzhou International Art Space) To participate in the exhibition——ART Shanghai
2009 (ShanghaiMART) 1st PHOTO KOREA (Korea Seoul) Mixing and sharing CC Art Exhibition (Beijing 798 Inter Art Center) Shanghai Memories – The Chinese and foreign artists Image works exhibition ( Shanghai Hong Miao Gallery )
2008 Out of Nothing?— Seven individual contemporary artists invitational exhibition (Moganshan Rd, Shanghai) 809 International New Visual Art Festival (809 International Art Village, Hubei) Front – The "World View" of a group of Materialists (Pingyao International Photography Show)
"928Click" Annual International Art Show (Peripheral number one Art Institute) "The concept of media imagenet work Exhibition"(ContemporaryArts Media,Beijing.Museumof ArtHongwan, Beijing)
Inward Gazes: Documentaries of Chinese Performance Art
2008(The Macao Museum of Art)


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10 Fashionable Hats To Wear For Summer
Fashionable hats never go out of style. Whether it's sunny outside or not, it would not be summer with fashionable hats. Hats naturally give you a classy and chic look that actually draws attention to your face. What a perfectly picked out hat does is it emphasizes the shape of your face.
For women who are not sure of wearing hats, this will be a bit of a drastic change. Some women simply do not feel comfortable wearing hats simply out of habit. Or there is a very common concern that the hats will ruin their hairstyle. However, you do not have to wear a hat every day of the summer. It is always good to try out something different and become confident in pulling out new looks.
Fashionable hats offer you an opportunity to make a bold statement. Not only will you be making a statement but you will be experimenting with new looks that you would not otherwise be able to try out in the colder weather.
An interesting thing to keep in mind is that hats have an interesting fashion history. Hats have always been used and have been in fashion for over a hundred years. Fashionable hats come in all shapes and sizes. You can pick any hat that best represents your personality. Women might simply not be aware of the different styles out there so I hope you are able to get some good ideas.
Here are some 10 fashionable hats to wear for the summer:
1. The Floppy Straw Hat
The most simple and best go to hat for the summer is the floppy straw hat. This type of hat is perfect to pair up with a dress or a loose blouse. The floppy straw hat is most distinguished for its fitted size and its wide ribbon that goes around the hat where the head would be.
2. Velvet Caps
Velvet caps are what is in style from last summer but are still relevant. Velvet made a comeback last year and now the fashion world is coming up with new ways to reinvent the use of velvet. Caps are no longer just kept for a baseball game or for jogging but have become part of your everyday work. These are fashionable hats if your style is very luxe and chic.
Copy this look:
3. Captain Velvet hat.
I love this style of hat simply because I feel it makes a bold statement. Captain velvet hats have a girly vibe to them that really makes you feel like a pop star. Since these fashionable hats have more of a casual look, I would wear them with skinny jeans.
4. Wide Brimmed Sun Hat
Wide brimmed sun hats are perfect for women who have sensitive skin. If your skin gets irritated in the sun or if you have a skin condition then these wide brimmed sun hats will make sure that you do not get burned by the sun.
5. Retro Visor
Retro visors are like something taken from a futuristic movie. The look that the retro visors give is not like anything else. It takes a bold person to pull this look out but it's also never too late to step out of your comfort zone. What I love about these retro visors are the neon and bold colors. Retro visors were really in during the 90s but have made a comeback and are fashionable hats once again. If you're into bold streetwear style, this hat is for you.
6. Cool bucket hats.
Bucket hats are great for when you want to try out something that is fun and different. The cool thing about bucket is that they come in several prints and colors.
7. Denim Bucket Hat
Why not wear a denim bucket hat? Denim bucket hats give you a youthful look that works well with pretty much everything.
8. Berets
Berets are fashionable hats that can be worn year around. Berets will always give you a feminine and soft look.
9. Western hat.
Western hats always have a cool edge to them. You do not have to want to look like a cowgirl to wear Western hat. They can be really fashionable hats if you style them well.
10. Sun hats with words.
Why not get creative, try wearing a sun hat with words. Something different from the ordinary with these sun hat that you can read from a distance.


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Summer Lovin', Had Me A Blast...
Bob Dylan has a great song (Love Sick) from his Time Out of Mind album that might some up (500) Days of Summer: "I'm sick of love/I wish I never met you/I'm sick of love/I'm trying to forget you/Just don't know what to do/I'd give anything to/Be with you".
Bob Dylan has a great song (Love Sick) from his Time Out of Mind album that might some up (500) Days of Summer: "I'm sick of love/I wish I never met you/I'm sick of love/I'm trying to forget you/Just don't know what to do/I'd give anything to/Be with you".
This is an atypical love story in that you can actually relate to the characters. They seem real, with realistic jobs and realistic friends. You also have a slight role reversal. Tom (Joseph Gordon-Levitt) is the optimistic romantic who believes in The One True Love, while Summer (Zooey Deschanel) is the more reluctant, hesitant party.
The film, basically, is the story of their relationship told in a non-linear fashion. We jump from Day 287 for example to Day 14. This isn't a gimmick or as odd as it might sound. Memory sometimes works that way. We also get to see how the romance between Tom & Summer (which last 500 days, hence the title), began and ultimately collapsed.
There are wonderful moments in (500) Days of Summer that ring so true to anyone who has been in a romance. For example, there is a musical moment where Tom dances to music after his first sexual encounter with Summer. The feeling of euphoria that comes with this is something that almost every person has experienced: one would feel like dancing after finally being with someone you've been attracted to. The next scene is late in the relationship, where we see Tom miserable and almost at the point of emotional collapse. Another example is early in the film where we hear Tom's voice describe all the things he loves about Summer as we see them on screen, culminating in the song She's Like The Wind. Later, he describes the same things but now they are the things he hates, culminating in his screaming for that song to stop. Who hasn't had that same reaction: where the things you loved about someone are now the things you hate about them?
The two leads are wonderful. Gordon-Levitt is on a roll, giving a smart, sincere, and honest portrait of a man probably in love with love. His highs and lows are true, and he still looks young enough to make him a touch naïve but old enough to ground Tom in early adulthood. He's building up a resume that is eclectic but incredibly intelligent (G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra notwithstanding). Deschanel makes Summer both endearing and aggravating in her hesitancy to fully commit to anyone. We both love her and hate her, just like Tom.
My one complaint would be the narration. While it is limited and relevant to the plot, it was too reminiscent of the show Pushing Daisies, a program that reveled in its cuteness and quirkiness. In both instances, I found it annoying not endearing. However, that is a minor complaint.
Having endured all sorts of lousy romantic comedies where the people are stupid, the friends vapid, the situations forced and unreal, it is good to FINALLY see a film which reflects a romantic relationship in a way that is real, that is true, that is funny and sad, and ultimately, relatable. (500) Days of Summer gives one hope that romantic comedies can be both romantic and comedic, a rare feat these days.


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Each family has a unique set of values that bind the members together and give them a common point of reference. These values often come from traditions started generations before and can encompass a person's ethnic heritage, religion or political viewpoints.
There are many elements that make up the values a family holds dear. Whether you are studying about different values to understand your set of beliefs better, or you are just curious about what other families hold dear, you'll find an article that discusses the topics you're most interested in.
Once you have a firm understanding of what makes up a family's values, you may want to come up with a plan of action to make sure your children understand your values and adopt firm ideals. You'll find topics to help you achieve a firm moral footing for your family.
When it comes to deciding on the values important to your family, it can be easy to grow overwhelmed. Fortunately, LoveToKnow Family has done the research for you about what other families see as most important. Read through the information, absorb it, jot down some notes, and then have a family meeting to decide what values your family has or should develop.


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Tax Day protest at Amazon headquarters
Photo: JOSHUA TRUJILLO
Protesters on Tuesday targeted Seattle-based Amazon.com during a Tax Day protest against what they said is an unfair tax rate paid by the online retailer.
The group organized by Working Washington gathered at nearby Denny Park for pre-march speeches. People ate pie before the march, symbolizing what they said are fair shares of the economic pie.
The group said Amazon pays an effective federal income tax rate of 5.5 percent and avoids sales taxes in many states and is not paying its fair share.
The action was part of national "Fair Share Tax Day" events scheduled across the country. Earlier in the day, many of the same protesters gathered at a Wells Fargo's regional headquarters for another protest action.


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Two Mobile police officers were killed by some suspected armed robbers, around 11:30a.m, today, in Port Harcourt, Rivers State.
The officers were escorting some money belonging to a private company, when they were ambushed at Ojoto street, between Timber and Obi junction, Mile 2, Diobu.
The gunmen made away with the money and guns belonging to the deceased officers


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Sow lifetime productivity more fully represents total farm impact.
Pigs per sow per year (PSY) has become the gold standard of sow productivity measures. But what does it really tell you? If a female pig weans 12 pigs in her first litter, returns with an eight-pig litter and then falls out of the herd, her lifetime productivity is 20 pigs. Is that reasonable? Industry wide, the statistics are even worse.
Approximately 40 percent of female pigs that are selected for breeding have 19 or fewer pigs in their lifetime, points out Chris Hostetler, animal science director for the National Pork Board.
"PSY has been a critical factor in increasing litter size. However, collecting and analyzing sow-farm data is an evolving process, and sow lifetime productivity (SLP) represents the next step. It's a better measure of the sow's overall production efficiency and its impact on the enterprise's profitability," Hostetler adds.
SLP is defined as the total number of quality pigs a sow weans from the time she becomes breeding eligible until she leaves the herd.
The key is documenting when a gilt enters the breeding herd. "PSY ignores gilt retention and utilization," says Steve Pollmann, DSP Consulting, Alpine, Utah. "Everyone handles gilt entry differently. Some farms don't count a gilt until her first litter, which doesn't capture the development costs or the gilts that never have a litter. So that waste is not effectively measured."
Because gilts represent 20 percent to 25 percent of the breeding herd inventory, that data void is significant. For example, he points to Swine Management Services (SMS) data from 13 sow farms over three years that shows, on average, 10 percent of the gilts that enter the breeding herd never farrow a litter, with a range of 4.8 percent to 17.7 percent.
"Our greatest need is to more effectively monitor gilt development and utilization so that it can be reflected in sow productivity measures," Pollman adds, "and SLP is a better indicator of that." He points to an SMS sow records evaluation illustrating the marginal relationship between PSY and pigs per sow lifetime (PSL), with only 23 percent of the variance in PSL explained by pigs weaned per mated female per year.
Accounting for Costs
It's estimated that improving SLP would generate $250 million a year for the industry (see In Search of SLP Answers section).
Think about the upfront investment tied up in a replacement female as well as the development costs. While exact costs vary, a solid estimate is that a replacement gilt costs $50 to $100 more to raise than a market gilt.
"A sow truly is a fixed-cost asset, and if you get 70 pigs out of her, the cost per unit is much lower than if you get 10 pigs," Pollmann adds. "We need to push toward 50 to 60 pigs SLP versus where the industry has been at 25 to 30."
He notes that producers would do a lot to lower their weaned-pig cost by $1 to $2 per pig. "But if they focused on SLP and got an extra half parity out of a sow, that'll do it."
According to Ken Stalder, Iowa State University swine geneticist, it takes 2.5 to 3 parities just to recoup a gilt's development costs and become profitable.
"Replacement rates average 50 percent of sows annually, and the parity at removal ranges between 3.3 to 3.7," says Clay Lents, research physiologist with USDA-Agriculture Research Service US Meat Animal Research Center. "That means a lot of gilts are not productive long enough to pay for themselves."
In essence, the sows that do reach parities 3 to 6 (the productivity sweet pocket) not only pay for themselves but also for the fall-out sows.
There's also a downstream price to pay for gilt litters. Stalder says a conservative estimate is $5 per pig, and it could be as much as $15. It's no secret that gilt litters have lighter birth weights, higher mortality, and poorer feed efficiency and growth rate than pigs from older sows.
The idea that breeding-herd turnover lets a producer tap into superior genetics is flawed, Stalder says. "You're not leveraging the females that you have, and for commercial pigs the genetic change will be smaller than the parity effect," he adds.
Stalder would like to eliminate automatic culling at parity 6 or 7. "You have so much money wrapped up in her development and maintenance," he says. "Why not let her fail?"
In Search of SLP Answers
Measuring sow lifetime productivity (SLP) is no small task. Like most outcomes within pork production, sow performance is multi-factorial. "SLP is driven by management, housing, health, nutrition and the animal's physical makeup," says Chris Hostetler, animal science director for the National Pork Board.
While pork producers continue to push pigs-per-litter higher, other issues such as pig robustness and uniformity and sow and pig mortality show there's room for improvement. In response, Pork Checkoff created the Sow Lifetime Productivity Task Force in 2010, comprised of producers, researchers and allied-industry representatives. The task force identified and committed $2.7 million to study factors that can affect SLP, including sow nutrition, genetic selection, environment, animal welfare and animal health. The timeline to identify strategies and tools to improve industry SLP was set at seven years. Today, many of the SLP projects are complete and information is filtering out to the industry. However other projects have expanded to continue the search for more details.
The proposed goals for the SLP project included:
• Improve SLP by 30 percent
• Increase average sow parity from 3.5 to 4.6
• Produce an additional 10 to 15 pigs per sow lifetime
• Expand SLP monitoring
• By achieving these goals, the annual return to the industry is estimated at $250 million.
"SLP is a big broad topic and there are a lot of things to dig into; we'll be taking a deeper dive into the data and continue to identify answers to these hard questions," says Clay Lents, research physiologist, USDA-Agricultural Research Service US Meat Animal Research Center. "We could tease apart the data and uncover answers for another five to 10 years."
Gilts Are Not Finishing Pigs
Gilt development is a critical step toward improving SLP. Yet too often, replacement gilts are still treated like finisher pigs, especially when it comes to feeding regimens.
"We need to think of gilt development in longer time frames," Lents says. "It begins at birth and is often considered complete once the gilt has a heat-no-service (HNS)." But that's much too short. His SLP study reveals that, because gilts are still growing, breeding-herd diets tend to be insufficient for gilts to develop adequate body reserves. In fact, they should be fed differently through the first litter and into the second.
"Gilt development is not about her reaching puberty or having a first litter, but also getting her past the parity-2 dip," he adds. "In fact, 75 percent of the females that make it to parity 3 go on to reach parity 6."
Bigger is not better when selecting gilts. For example, SLP research showed that gilts weighing 5 pounds or more at birth took longer to reach puberty, and early puberty is positively associated with fertility and longevity. Large gilts also are more likely to have body maintenance, structural and lameness challenges later in life, and lameness remains a significant reason (at 30 percent) why sows exit the herd.
"Modern gilts typically don't have trouble achieving adequate growth rates. They can quickly exceed optimal body-weight breeding targets," Lents says. "People tend to underestimate gilt weights; they look small next to mature sows."
Good candidates are gilts with a lifetime growth rate of 600 grams per day from birth to selection and a breeding-weight target of 300 to 330 pounds. The reality is that both fast-growing and slow-growing gilts are at an increased risk of early removal from the herd, Hostetler points out.
To manage gilt growth rate, Lents' research demonstrated that reducing the lysine-to-metabolizable-energy ratio of a diet while increasing fiber slowed growth but still allowed gilts to attain body weight and condition.
A gilt also needs to have one HNS (by 210 to 220 days of age) before it's eligible for breeding and ideally should come into estrus during the first 30 days of boar exposure.
As for boar exposure, Lents and Pollmann offer these tips:
• Female pigs should have direct, in-pen contact with mature (> 12 months) vasectomized boars.
• Allow 15 to 20 minutes of exposure or three to four minutes per female.
• Limit 15 to 17 gilts per boar, versus the more typical 20 to 25.
• Rotate boars to expose gilts to different boars.
• Limit the number of pens a boar works in a day and rest him every other day.
The number of boars needed for a successful breeding-stimulation program is vastly underestimated.
Another common misjudgment is properly sizing the gilt pool. "When you have less-than-desirable gilts entering the breeding herd, their longevity is at risk, which leads to higher replacement rates and more gilt litters," Stalder says. He is developing a tool to help producers right-size their gilt-replacement flow.
What Can Producers Do?
Producers need to start monitoring SLP and asking their record keeping providers to run those numbers. "Or you can start with some indicator of gilt utilization," Pollmann says, "such as what percentage of gilts never have a litter or what percentage of females have three litters."
Meanwhile, more answers will be coming. For example, Stalder is analyzing sow metrics to determine which components can be used to develop an equation to make SLP prediction more accurate. Researchers within the SLP project are working to identify which gilt-developmental traits relate to productivity traits. The goal is to identify phenotypes to be used early in the gilt selection process.
"We know that litter of origin impacts sow longevity and productivity," Lents says. "Also, colostrum levels at birth affect a gilt's reproductive tract development; those that fall short have fewer pigs when they become sows."
Change is always a challenge; SLP may be a new concept, but it's more than a passing fad. "Everyone is so fixated on PSY, they don't consider the economic units that a gilt represents in terms of cost per market hog," he adds. "That needs to change."
Frank's Note
The sow is the engine of the commercial hog farm, and to optimize productivity, it's critical to keep the breeding herd running smoothly. From the time a replacement gilt enters the breeding herd and on through consecutive farrowings, the No. 1 priority is to meet her needs through proper management, health, nutrition, housing and equipment.
The farrowing room in particular presents many unique challenges, not the least of which is to accommodate two very different environments — one for a large sow and one for newborn piglets. Allowing the sow room to be comfortable, with unrestricted access to feed and water, is the strength behind our A-Crate™ design. The crate also directs piglets away from the sow when they're not nursing to minimize the risk of crushing.
As litters have gotten larger the size and quality of the piglets' creep area are key to their safety and survivability. The Farmweld Warming Panel™ enhances both piglet comfort and safety by providing a warm resting spot away from the sow. This specialized environment helps piglets maintain their critical body heat, which keeps them healthy and growing.
Just as tracking sow lifetime productivity to more accurately manage breeding-herd productivity reflects pork production's continuous evolution, Farmweld is committed to meeting producers' changing needs. Each farm is different, and it's important to identify options that fit your management style. Our goal is to provide a range of durable, high-quality, user-friendly equipment that provides solutions for each specific situation.
Whether you have questions or want to learn more about equipment for the sow, litter or growing pigs, Farmweld is here to help. Don't hesitate to call us at 1-800-EAT-PORK (328-7675) or use the contact form or LiveChat on our website.
– Frank Brummer, President, Farmweld, Inc.


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Showing results for tags 'parameter'.
Found 27 results
Python parameter expression not re-cook node
Alizarin posted a topic in ScriptingHello! I am trying to implement python expressin in Object Merge node in parm "objectpath1" to get geometry from connected nodes to parent geo. So as final result if you connect/disconnect first input of test node geometry should switch to another one. Actually script working fine and storke of parm updating if i connect or disconect ANIM node, but object merge node do not updating geometry while i turn on/off "Enable Merge" toggle on object merge node. It's seems node just not cooking properly. Any suggestions how to solve this problem? Or maybe hscrip variant? P.S. check test setup in hip uploaded switch.hipnc
connecting parameters in python
andehpandeh posted a topic in ScriptingHello, I've been having trouble trying to replicate the "copy parameter/paste relative references" process of referencing parameters from one node to another in python. I understand you can write an expression in the parameter like: evalParm('../box1/tx') but I'd like to be able to do this in the python source editor. This chunk of code copies the translate x from box1 and pastes the value into sphere1's tx, however it doesn't connect the two like the expression above does. boxy = hou.node('/obj/testGeo/box1') ball = hou.node('/obj/testGeo/sphere1') ball.setParms({'tx':boxy.evalParm('tx'), 'ty':0.55}) Essentially I want the parameters to be linked so that if I change box1 tx, sphere1 tx is also changed. Any ideas on what I'm missing to make that connection permanent?
beginner Drive object instancing through operator toggles with controllable parameters
SuperKef posted a topic in Tools (HDA's etc.)Hello, Let me preface this by stating that I'm new to Houdini. For the purpose of this exercise, I have a simple cube. For the following sides of the cube, I would like to instance a premade object that has its own controllable parameters. I've set up a folder in my tool with 5 toggles for: front back left right top Ideally, when I toggle one of these on I would add a copy of the object to the selected side. This isn't the hard part, I can achieve this with a switch node. What I would like to do is make the object show up in the parameter list with controllable parameters. But with how I set up my network, I don't know how to let the object maintain it's own parameters. I hope I made myself understandable! Thank you.
Python - setting list parm on USD/Solaris instancer
dzigakaiser posted a topic in ScriptingHey hey there, I came across an issue and hope to find some help here once again I tried searching but didn't really know what to search for and then ended up unsuccessful. I am trying to create a Solaris/USD network with my python script but when I set the list parameters on the instancer node it only changes the choice visually but does not actually use it. As an example, when I set the "Prototype Index" to "Name Attribute" manually, the UI shows a new field to enter the name attribute. When I do this in Python: usd_instancer.parm('protoindexsrc').set("Name Attribute") usd_instancer.parm('nameattr').set("instancename") the "Prototype Index" gets set to "Name Attribute" but the extra field is not shown and the node behaves as if it's set to its default value. If I then open the list and click on "Name Attribute" myself again, it shows the new line with my correct name attribute. How would one go about solving this? Is there an extra function connected to this list choice that I have to trigger as well in Python? As always, I am very grateful for any pointers, ideas and help! Update: I noticed now that sometimes the script does not even set the list parameter. E.g. when I open a fresh scene, use my script, it creates the instancer with default values (no errors though). When I run my script again, it creates a new instancer with the list set to my values, but still having the initial issue mentioned above :/ Update2: I also posted over on the sidefx forums now and have a small screenshot to show what I mean:) I set the parameter in Python, it evaluates correctly in the shell but is neither shown in the interface nor actually used. Take care, Dziga
Exposed parameter not working on shader?
sixjames1000 posted a topic in General Houdini QuestionsHi all, Im exposing a few parameters on a shader within a material builder node. This are things such as spec roughness etc. For some reason they do not have any effect after having added a few. Any pointers?
Using attributes as parameter
Rival Consoles posted a topic in General Houdini QuestionsHello peeps, I'm trying to do something relatively simple and I think this was asked before but so far I couldn't find the right answer or the right video with that info, so far. Somewhat easy question.... I have a custom point attribute created with a value @Cd from an "attribute from map" node placed up in the stream and I want to use this custom attribute to control a parameter, in this case "scale.y" of a geo copied on points. I remember watching one of Jeff Wagner's class sometime ago where he talks about attributes, attribute transfer and using attribute as parameter and on the ladder, he calls a custom attribute on a parameter by typing the custom attribute name in the parameter field, something like "@customattrib > 0.3" or something similar to this. Curiously, I remember thinking that that trick was neat because he didn't use the famous point() or detail() expressions in the parameter field to call the custom attribute inside the parameter. Very efficient way to use custom attributes...That said, does anyone knows the video where he talks about this or knows that correct syntax to call the custom attribute in the parameter field without using the point or detail expressions? Any help is greatly appreciated.
Vector parameter collapsed into 1 value slider
Jesper Rahlff posted a topic in General Houdini QuestionsHey guys. Now and then the attached happens to my vector parameters. Never found out if it is a bug or something I accidentally triggered. Notice that my offset has been combined into 1 slider with a #2 next to it Anyone know how to solve this? Cheers
Link toggle values
philpappas posted a topic in Tools (HDA's etc.)Inside my hda parameters when a toggle is set to 0 i want another toggle to do the same. where can i write something like an if statement if(toggleA=0) then toggleB=0 else toggleB=chi("../..blah") i cant do it from the disable when or hide when because that is just for the ui. how can i change the value?
how to give expression inside edit parameter interface
ANSHUL_VASHIST posted a topic in General Houdini QuestionsHi everybody, I have one question I'm creating procedural stairs so I have created an attribute name(Steps) and another is (NumPillar), so what I want is, in edit Parameter Interface we can set range but I want the max range should be same as steps value as you can see in image. Blue color indicates steps and red indicates pillar in image file Pillars.jpeg
Moving a set of keyframes on a slider parameter
marshallgkh posted a topic in ScriptingHi guys, I've been trying to figure out how to move a set of keyframes on a slider parameter but to no avail. Below screenshot is pretty much what I need to do but done so via a slider parameter made using the 'edit operator type properties' as a houdini digital asset. Thanks!
Questions on Parameter Interface
caskal posted a topic in General Houdini QuestionsHey magicians, I'm creating a setup to make vehicles, where you have different options for each part: - For example to create the main base body, you can 1) use noise / 2) use a spline / 3) use a box So far I have been using switch and sliders, but is getting more complex and I would like to do it the proper way, so anytime I pick a mode on dropdown (instead of slider), then the correct submenu appears. Made an image to explain: And here's a quick gif with the options: Any tutorial suggestions for this, or tips on better organization, will be super useful. Thanks in advance Cheers!
Parameter Interface > Submenu Appear
caskal posted a topic in General Houdini QuestionsHey magicians, quick question about parameter interface. How can I make a submenu appear when I select something? right now is pretty rough, I made a switch (roof type) and then subfolders, would like to show each sub-folder when the type is selected, any tips? Or even better, in Roof Type have a Dropdown menu with roof names and when you select one, the settings appear, is too complex? Thanks!
Rant about parameter expression syntax
m-egger posted a topic in Lounge/General chatHello, I've been using Houdini for close to two years now and in that time have gotten faily accomodated with the way the program behaves. However, one thing that up to this day is hard to get used to is the way the parameter syntax is set up in regards to expressions. The thing I mean in particular is how you need backticks for expressions in String parameters, but not in any others. I know there is an explanation to this, but as an artist this confuses me as soon as I didn't write an expression for two days because it doesn't get into my head. Just talking about intuitivity and learnability, I find that this just adds unneccessary confusion. I think somehow tweaking this would make all of Houdini just a tad nicer to work with, particularly in favour of those starting out with the program, as I know exactly that this issue was frustrating starting out. I just think it would make sense for expressions entered with a backtick to work in float parameters as well. I realize this is a tiny tiny issue that I'm ranting about here, but I just had to let off some steam because I just sat here for 20 minutes wondering why my expression wouldn't work. Cheers, Martin
Controlling shader properties
trandzik posted a topic in ShadersHello, I am trying to set value of shop_disable_displace_shader parameter using Properties VOP inside material. Setting its value manually works without problem, but when I plug some value in this parameter, it won't update anymore. I have created simple setup, where disable_disp attribute from geometry is used as value for shop_disable_displace_shader. Unfortunately, changing disable_disp won't change the state of shop_disable_displace_shader. Same value is set as color, so I am sure Bind VOP inside material is working. Please, does anyone know what is wrong with this setup or how can I make it work? Thanks. Peter properties.hiplc
specific node parameter in network view
nicoladanese posted a topic in General Houdini Questionshey, is there a way to expose in the network view a specific parameter of a node? like the file geometry node does with file parameter. I'm asking because while working could be useful to have a quick view of some key parameter without selecting the node cheers
Limit one parameter using another?
PlatinumFishy posted a topic in General Houdini QuestionsTo be more specific I am trying to make parameter1 equal parameter2 when parameter2 is larger than Parameter1 if(param2 > param1) param1 = param2; ^^this but in the parameter menu
Get Parameter value from created attribute.
RicardoMadeira posted a topic in ScriptingHello there! Kinda new around here; think this is my first post, but lurking in the shadows and reading a lot this forum has been a great resource in learning the tools of the trade with Houdini lately. Well, straight to the point; I'm wondering if it's possible to make a parameter fetch a value from a created attribute. Can't post my network right now, but imagine; I have a IsoOffset, which creates a volume from a Boolean to be read by a Measure node; After that I promote the created Primitive attribute to a Detail attribute and Scatter some points on it. After this, a PopNetwork is created and I want it to emmit from the created points; but I need it to stop when the Volume Detail attribute is over a certain value; I'm wondering if via Wrangle I can do this with an If function, but then again, how would I transfer the final variable value to the Birth Rate Parameter in the Pop Source? I thought of something like this in the Parameter Field `detail("obj/Geometry1/attribpromote1", "VolCut", 0)` but it doesn't seem to work. Any ideas? Kind of noobish, so don't judge me hard on this! Cheers and thanks in advance!
Python - Create Operator Path
garf posted a topic in ScriptingHello, What's the class to create an "Operator Path" parameter in python? group.addParmTemplate(hou.FloatParmTemplate("myparam", "My Param", 1)) will create a float type parameter What would create an Operator Path parameter?
Parameter Editor - custom default channels values/expressions
Marcomeeuwse posted a topic in General Houdini QuestionsHi Odforce, I was wondering if anyone has knowledge about how to enter your own default values of a created channel within the parameter editor. I want to use a mulitparm block(list), created from a folder type, and add parameters according to the amount of nprims. I want the parameters within this folder multiparm block (list) to have default values/expressions. The idea is to link each channel to an asset with a random so the parameters (see picture) are for each asset different. Not sure if this is good idea or if it could be achieved easier, im open for other ideas. Thanks in advance!
Parameter - force evaluate expression
michaelb-01 posted a topic in General Houdini QuestionsIf I have parameters on digital assets that are expressions I sometimes find it useful to have another parameter that shows the result of the expression. I can obviously middle mouse on a parameter to show the evaluated result but is there a way to show the evaluated result by default? I feel like the answer is no so my solution would be to use callbacks for any parameter that affects the expression then update the 'result' parameter as a raw string, unless anyone has a better suggestion?
Move a parameter to a folder with python
APG posted a topic in Scriptinghello,I would like to use python to move a parameter to a folder. What functions do I need to use? please help me,thanks.
Getting Tokens and Labels of Menu Parameter in VEX
Christian S posted a topic in ScriptingHi everyone, I have a menu parameter that is filled using a script. The menu looks like this. "token", "Label" "p", "P" "flow", "Flow" In the VEX code I want to get the selected Token of the parameter. int id = chi("attributes"); string name = chs("attributes"); Both of these return the selected item index but not the token or the label. Is there a way to get the token of a menu parameter using VEX? Thx! Christian
Creating parameters with a Shelf Button in python
merlino posted a topic in ScriptingHi guys, I'm trying to create a shelf button that quickly create a parameter into the selected node. To start, I'm happy with the initial solution, taken from https://www.sidefx.com/index.php?option=com_forum&Itemid=172&page=viewtopic&t=22539 n = hou.selectedNodes()[0] group = n.parmTemplateGroup() n_fol = hou.ui.readInput("Folder name: ", title=('Add Float:'))[1] n_par = hou.ui.readInput("Parm name: ", title=('Add Float:'))[1] folder = hou.FolderParmTemplate(n_fol, n_fol) folder.addParmTemplate(hou.FloatParmTemplate(n_par, n_par, 1)) group.append(folder) n.setParmTemplateGroup(group) but I have a problem, when I run again to add a second parameter, the folder takes name from the first one adding '_1' instead of taking the name I put in the folder name. The label it's ok, with the name I insert. Any idea why is this happening? Thanks!
delete the interface parameter by python
wateryfield posted a topic in General Houdini QuestionsHi. Guys. I got a huge work to do, there is a fbx file export form max,when i import it to houdini, it include too much parameters on Geo interface form max. So i want delete it all since it was useless. I make a sketch show what i want to do. I just want to remove the ss parameter form interface, not just delete the keyframes or expression. If there was something like hou.parm().destory() modules can do this. Thanks.
how to update parameter in vex builder level?
PengZhang posted a topic in General Houdini QuestionsHi,guys, I am trying to build a digital asset here,It's a asset inside shader,I mean it's at vex builder level. And now I want there to be some parameter which link to a rotation of an object level camera. Because the rotation keep changing,so I must like write a expression for the parameter of the DA. And here is the problem,it seems that I can't write expression at vex builder level,it does not update. I know I can promote parameter to shader level,but I do want to keep it at my digital asset which is at vex builder level. So,how can I get that changing data and make it work for my digital asset? I did some test,maybe someone can check my test scene(houdini14) and help. Thank you guys. Peng.


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Processes Controlling Groundwater Quality and Impacts on Human Health in the Main Ethiopian Rift
- Duke Global Health Institute
- Nicholas Institute of the Environment
Start Date:
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Processes Controlling Groundwater Quality and Impacts on Human Health in the Main Ethiopian Rift
The Main Ethiopian Rift is an example of a large population regularly exposed to naturally occurring contaminants, such as arsenic and fluoride in drinking water. Researchers are investigating the mechanisms in which these toxic elements are mobilized into groundwater and the relationships between aquifer geology, water quality, and health of the local population. Understanding these processes is crucial to evaluate the human health risks and ecosystem effects of inorganic contaminants and for the development of rational and cost effective remediation strategies for contaminated groundwater. This project is also helping to target safe groundwater drilling areas and identify aquifer layers that provide good quality groundwater, and will provide reliable information to policy makers for addressing the issues and improving water resources management.
Conducted fieldwork in the main Ethiopian Rift Valley with extensive water samples and human nails collection. Water samples were processed at labs at Duke and data is being evaluated. Based on data collection, a large scale National Institutes of Health proposal was submitted. Publication of several papers: Rango, T., Kravchenko, J., Atlaw, B., McCornick, P.G., Jeuland, M., Merola, M. Vengosh, A., (2012). Groundwater quality and its health impact: an assessment of dental fluorosis in rural inhabitants of the Main Ethiopian Rift. Environment International, 43, 37-47. Godebo, T.R., Vengosh, A. Dawyer, G., Bianchini, G. (2013) Mobilization of arsenic and other naturally occurring contaminants in groundwater of the Main Ethiopian Rift aquifers. Water Research, 47, 5801—5818. Merola, R.B., Kravchenko, J., Rango, T., Vengosh, A. (2013) Arsenic exposure of rural populations from the Rift Valley of Ethiopia as monitored by keratin in toenails. Journal Of Exposure Science And Environmental Epidemiology (in press; doi: 10.1038/jes.2013.77).
Water quality and remediation practice in the Rift Valley of Ethiopia


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How to Use Alarms in Windows 10
Windows really looks after needs of their user like some people who always use to stuck to their laptop or pc. They might be computer addicts, gamer or a developer. They always prefer to be with their laptop and pc and also want to sleep with it and wake up with it. For this kind of people Windows has bring a new feature Alarms and clock in their operating system.Actually this app was introduced in windows mobile 10 by Microsoft and then they pushed it forward to their computer version. So it clearly seems that Microsoft is moving ahead with their universal apps plan which will erase the thin border line between their mobile platforms and computer platforms.
If you want to use alarm in your windows 10 and don't know how to then today in this step by step guide we will guide you how to use and set alarms in windows 10.
Step 1:-
Click on the start button at left corner of your desktop and then click on All apps (you will find this in category "A"). Now you will see app Alarms and clock at the top. Click on it.
Step 2:-
Here you will see different options like alarm, world clock, timer and stop watch. To set an alarm click on Alarm icon.
Step 3:-
After clicking on that exiting alarm it will show different settings you can manage as per your needs like alarm name, time, alarm repeat, sound and snooze time. we will look at all this settings next but first lets start with edit the alarm time.
Step 4:-
To set time for your alarm click the tab shown under time. Here you can set Hour which one is the first row then minute which is second one and third one is to set your alarm for AM or PM. After setting up your time click on √ icon to confirm.
Step 5:-
Now after setting up time and confirming it to start that alarm you have to save it. To save the alarm look at down the screen you will find a floppy disk icon. Click on that icon to save your alarm and start it.
And you are done. You can also use multiple alarm if you want to and also if you are doing multiple things simultaneously and want to get remind of every of it. Now we will see how to add multiple alarms.
As you can see on the alarms and clock app after selecting Alarms icon you will find + sign at right bottom corner all you have to do is just to click it and add new alarm with previous alarm you had before.
Now we will see what those alarm name, time, alarm repeat, sound and snooze time settings are foe and they can help you.
Alarm Name:- If you are setting your alarm for a special purpose or work then you can name your current alarm with this option e.g. "wake up alarm" or "Exercise alarm"
Time:- You can set up your alarm time here as mentioned above in this article.
Repeat:- If you are doing any regular activity and putting this alarm to remind that every time then you can use this option.
Sound:- You can select your favourite sound for your alarm here with this option.
Snooze Time:- If you are like those ones who can not wake up with just one alarm call then this option is for you. Here you can set the snooze time at what interval of time should alarm play again until you finally shut it.
Now you are all set to use your computer or laptop with windows 10 as your alarm clock and hope this guide helped you to do that.


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Momentous day for Zimbabwe
Today, Monday 30th July 2018, is a momentous day for Zimbabwe as the country goes to their first ever election without Robert Mugabe on the ballot paper. Mugabe was the country's first leader and ruled the country from 1980 until six months ago.
The leading candidates in this election, amongst the extensive list of 23 names which will appear on the ballot paper, are 75-year-old Emmerson Mnangagwa who is standing for the ruling party Zanu PF (Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front), and Nelson Chamisa who is standing for the opposition, the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC). At 40, Chamisa could become the country's youngest ever leader.
Zimbabwe is expecting the highest ever number of voters including a large proportion of first time voters. Nearly half of those registered are under the age of 35 and it is predicted that many of the young city voters will vote for Nelson Chamisa, MDC leader.
Fr Nigel Johnson SJ, Development & Communications Director for the Jesuit Province of Zimbabwe-Mozambique says, "What is unpredictable is the rural vote, which counts for more than half of the electorate. In previous years, largely coerced by the local authorities, they have voted for the ruling party Zanu (PF), But this time, with the much freer atmosphere, it is impossible to predict how they will vote."
To win, a candidate needs to gain a majority of over 50% of the votes otherwise there will be a secondary vote on September 8th which according to Fr Nigel will mean, "a very difficult month of more campaigning, more outrageous promises and lies, more fake news and more allegations of rigging."
Jesuit Missions has a long history in Zimbabwe, and recently provided urgent food relief as well as coordinating partnerships between Jesuit schools in the UK and Zimbabwe. There is still a large number of British-born Jesuits actively working in Zimbabwe.
Although the election campaign has been very peaceful and a significant improvement on previous years there are still many unknowns as the country goes to the polls. Fr Nigel says, "We do not know what the reaction will be when the results start to come in and we see who takes the lead, and how the losing party will react. If Munangagwa is declared President, will Chamisa and his supporters accept the results, or will they launch massive demonstrations? If Chamisa is declared the winner, will Zanu (PF), accept it? At this moment in time, all we can do it wait."
Photo: Students at St Joseph's Chishawasha (Zimbabwe) who are partnered with St Joseph's Hurst Green (UK) as part of the Jesuit Missions Companions Programme.