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Order before Nov 16 to receive this Month's Deluxe Sprinkle Service + Cakeware
Are you someone that loves a good trendy pun? At the same time, you also love to "cake it to the limit"! We know you are out there and that's why we've paired two of our most popular subscriptions into one super sweet monthly bundle.
The Deluxe Sprinkle Service + Cake Tee Club monthly subscription is filled with fun surprises. Each month, delivered to your doorstep, you will receive a gourmet sprinkle blend crafted by How To Cake It x Sweetapolita and you'll get one exclusive cake tee, sweater, or apron that you can't buy anywhere else.
Those aren't the only sweet surprises you can expect each month. Inside your special and delicious delivery you will also find:
- Exclusive member-only contests & giveaways.
- Free fun surprises & gifts.
- Exclusive discounts on merchandise & baking tools.
- Monthly notes from Yo.
- A monthly sprinkle guide with recipes and sprinkle inspiration.
…and more!
U.S.A. rates start at $7.99
Canada rates start at $8.99
United Kingdom rates start at $8.99
Australia rates start at $8.99
Europe rates start at $10.99
Select Countries Worldwide rates start at $12.99
Please note: due to COVID-19 we are seeing delays with USPS across all cities and countries. In some cases, packages are taking up to 12 business days for USA and up to 20 business days for International. We thank you for your patience and understanding as we are working to provide additional shipping options for you - How To Cake It Team <3
US orders are delivered in 5-7 business days
Canada orders are delivered in 10-15 business days
UK orders are delivered in 10-15 business days
Australia orders are delivered in 10-15 business days
Select Countries Worldwide orders are delivered in 10-15 business days
EASY RETURNS - 30 Day Satisfaction Guarantee
If you are not completely satisfied with your purchase, return it hassle-free. For more information on our Returns/Exchange Policy, click here.
HPS Length
|26 3/4"
|27 5/8"
|28 1/4"
|28 3/4"
|16 1/4"
|17 3/4"
|18 1/4"
|19 3/4"
|21 1/4"
It's a gift for my granddaughter. It hasn't been used yet
Absolutely loved the sprinkles & my tee. Sprinkles were very cute & vibrant and the tee was the cutest and definitely matched my personality!
The items were great the t was a little small for a large but everything was great !
I love all the sprinkles and all the goodies that come with the deluxe membership!!


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Tonight's radio show – my musical selection, prerecorded, Lamin holding it down on the mic realtime (call him up!). Theme: BOIMA AFTERMATH. On Thursday the Chief and I went up to 116th and hit the African CD shops… Listen to last week's show w/ Chief Boima here, or catch him live in Europe.
Also this evening, in Cambridge, I'll join DJ C (in from Chicago!), Wayne & Wax, and DJ Flack for a special impromptu Beatresearch Boston-folk reunion lineup!
I'll be spinning at 10pm sharp. The event is free, my cumbia is strong.

subset: commoncrawl


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How to write a winning freelancer email
- August 28, 2018
- Harriet Mills
Anybody who undertakes freelance work will understand the amount of stress that this type of work can bring. Though it brings flexibility and the comfort of working from home, it can also cause a lot of pressure. From deadlines to decisions about taking on more work, before you know it your client list is increasing along with your to-dos.
However, at times freelancing can cause stress on another level when the work is too light and you need to get more projects under your belt.
This is why it's crucial to get that first bit of communication right between you and potential clients making the art of email your new best friend.
Here are some top tips on how to nail a freelancer email.
Think about the subject line
This is something that is often overlooked when people are sending emails but actually it is one of the most important aspects.
Imagine an editor of a magazine looking for the next article to commission. Picture how many emails they will be receiving daily from freelance writers wanting to get that commission.
If your subject line can stand out from the rest, then you will give yourself a head start in the race to get your work published and add new clients to your ever-growing list.
Use the correct etiquette
You absolutely must use the correct etiquette to give the right impression of yourself from the start of your correspondence. It's no good knowing what you're talking about if this doesn't come across in your email.
It must be written in a professional manner, ideally addressing your recipient by their full name, in paragraphs and signed off correctly.
Stick to the point
In freelance work you are selling yourself and skill set to those who may need it.
Whether you're looking for work in PR, pitching an article for a commission or you have an idea for a design you need to get to the point quickly and make the person at the other end want to read on.
Treat it a bit like an advert so it captures their interest immediately because they are probably receiving a lot of emails each day so yours needs to be the one that stays in their mind.
Researching is key and will help with every aspect of your email construction process. You must know who you are dealing with to be sure that your skills will benefit them as well as the fact that they will have the right work for you.
The first bit of research is to find out who you need to contact so that you can address them by their name, showing common courtesy, sounding more professional and keeping things that bit more personal too.
Once you have found out these details, further research needs to be done so that you can understand exactly what whoever you're contacting is about and make your email more personal to them. It will please companies no end seeing that you have taken the time to read into who they are and what they do.
With any type of writing it is so important to check and check again for errors. It looks unprofessional if your email is full of typos and not laid out correctly.
Before sending re-read over what you have written and make sure that your structure is clearly paragraphed, there are no spelling errors or punctuation malfunctions, and everything reads properly.
Often it helps to read your email aloud before sending because you notice things that may not stand out when reading inside your head.
Harriet Mills is an English Literature and Creative Writing graduate based at her hometown near Cambridge. She is an aspiring writer interested in features and travel writing. She is keen to pursue copywriting as a career as well as maintaining her position as a freelance writer. For more of her story check out her personal website.
Inspiring Interns is a recruitment agency specialising in all the internships and graduate jobs London has to offer.


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I had a great swim and on the bike I got up to second place in my AG before the end of the first lap but after 120k once again I had the same mechanical issues plus a flat tire which all together made me loose 43 min.
After trying everything to fix my bike I decided to stop racing as there was no way I could finish the ride on the 54/11 gear specially considering the last climb we had to do before T2. I rode back to town just to hand in my chip and once I got there I remembered myself quitting should not be an option unless I couldn't physically do it. I decided to keep pedalling my single speed and went straight into the last out and back 5k climb behind town.
Got to T2 with a 40+ min deficit, sat down on a chair inside the tent sat down and just cried. I couldn't deal with the frustration, this time it WAS avoidable! It was SRAM negligence what had me so angry. After Kona SRAM said the issue was in the rear derailleur when it just didn't make sense. I knew it was on the blip box, but they had replied they were the experts and they knew what they were doing, I trusted them and they were wrong.
Once again I knew the run would be a mental battle, I was running "for nothing" - podium and Kona slots were out of my reach. I was very far behind in 18th place but somehow I found a way to let the bike issue behind and tried my best to put a solid run together. Having 4 laps on the run meant I would see Regina and my fiends 8 times and their support really helped!!
I ended up finishing 7th in my AG and surprisingly only 27sec behind a Kona slot.
2017 has been long year for me with some great races and some clearly not so good but I take all this bad experiences as good lessons to hopefully come back stronger in 2018! Thanks again to Regina for her patience and support though all this year, to my coach Justin Daerr and to swim coaches AM and Fen from #swimlabasia that have patiently helped me improve my swim from many miles away!


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Probinorm – description, price, review | Art Life
Biocomplex Probinorm restores the balance of microflora in the gut.
Probinorm drug restores the balance of microflora in the gut, is a preventive measure to dysbiosis and its further clinical manifestations.
Man lives, adapting to the adverse effects of the environment (or rather, individual factors), in the same way there are changes within the human body that is changing, and changing microflora. Therefore, violations of flora are possible not only in humans patients with intestinal diseases, but also in diseases of the organs, skin, that by itself affects the choice of means for therapy.
The complex "Pribinorm" contains a substance useful for the bacterial cultures that help fully operational biosystem "organism microflora." The drug demonstrates the benefits and advanced features of modern innovative technologies that focus on the production of bacterial preparations. With this integrated product your body becomes strong, normal microflora, and all the necessary processes are, as expected.
- state after antibiotic therapy and exposure to toxins;
- dysfunction of digestion, malabsorption of food;
- reduced gastric acidity;
- chronic diseases of the digestive system;
- diseases of the liver and biliary tract;
- B12 – and folic acid deficiency anemia.
Recommendation for use, dosage: take adults and children over 12 years: 1 capsule 2 times a day with meals. Duration of 14 days. On the recommendation of a physician duration of reception can be changed.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity of the components of the product.
Storage: Store at 4 ± 2 0C in a dry place inaccessible to children.
Shelf life: 1 year from date of manufacture.
Not a cure.
Certificate of state registration 188.8.131.52.U.860.8.04 from 05.08.2004.
Bifidum adolescentis least 1.times.10.sup.8 CFU / g, Lactobacillus plantarum strain 337D, Lactobacillus acidophilus strain and strain 6 100 AL least 1.times.10.sup.8 cfu / g.
Excipients: lactose, starch, artichoke, glucose, calcium triphosphate, para-aminobenzoic acid, papain, nicotinamide, cysteine, riboflavin.


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With life as busy as it is some days it's not always easy to get the family together for quality time. Celebrating Family Day, let's talk about five facts and tips to keep in mind when helping kids understand the need for proper brushing and flossing, as well as challenges parents can help overcome.
Not brushing long enough
The mindset may be that a little brushing is better than nothing. But brushing hard and fast for a few seconds is not as effective as gentle brushing for the full two minutes, as recommended by the ADA. Modern technology can come to the rescue here. There are fun and interactive teeth brushing apps that include countdown clocks, and even toothbrushes that have built-in timers.
Regular check-ups
Whereas kids need to learn to be responsible and make regular brushing and flossing a part of their daily routine, the burden to schedule and facilitate regular dental check-ups falls on parents and caregivers. Kids should have their first dental check-up by the time they are one. Then maintain a twice-yearly appointment for check-ups and cleanings.
Fighting cavities
Tooth decay is the single most common chronic disease during childhood, according to the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Cavities are caused by a bacterial infection — germs. It's not candy, or any other "bad" food that causes tooth decay, but the lack of proper cleaning and care after eating that results in the germs and decay. As long as kids maintain regular oral cleaning habits, no food has to be banned. Just as important, remember that bacteria can spread when saliva is shared, so do not share toothbrushes. Avoid sharing eating utensils to prevent the spread of bacteria as well.
Toothpaste and flouride
In 2014, the American Dental Association changed its position on the use of fluoride toothpaste in children. Its current recommendation states: "Children under three years of age should brush using a 'smear' of fluoride-containing toothpaste, no larger than the size of a grain of rice, twice a day (morning and night). After the age of three, the ADA now recommends that children brush with a pea-sized portion, once in the morning and once at night." Ideally, children should begin using toothpaste when they are able to spit it out and not swallow it.
Be a role model
One of the most effective ways to instill good habits in children is for the adults around them to model the healthy behaviors. Brush and floss with your kids, together, so they see you doing exactly what you want them to do. Then also bring them along to your dental check-ups. This way they can observe your comfort and become familiar with the environment before it is their turn to participate.
Contact Family Care Dental Clinic for your consultation today!
Located in the heart of North Vancouver, BC, Family Care Dental Clinic is a group of passionate dentists and dental experts who are committed to providing patients with exceptional dental care in a modern and relaxing environment. We at Family Care Dental Clinic offer our clients a wide range of comprehensive dental services for the whole family. Call (604) 987-3545 or write us at email@example.com to schedule an appointment with a member of our excellent team!


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Songs from Orpheus and Euridyke (1992)
flute, oboe, piano, voices, synthesizer (25")
Monday, November 30th, 1992. Filed under Multimedia / Music Theater.
But it was Morehead's "It Is Dangerous To Read Newspapers" that seemed most relevant. Set to a Margaret Atwood poem about the cruelties of war, it's ferocious in anger and anguish while sinking into deep pessimism. Soprano (Barbara Ann) Martin neatly conveyed the ambivalence urged on by Philip Morehead's vigorous pounding.


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This set of 6 cookie cutters in bright funky colours are ideal for making cookies, biscuits, pastry and scones. Each cutter features one plain round edge and one crinkle cutter edge, and measure approximately 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10cm in diameter. Comes in a handy see-through plastic storage box.
Our red electronic scales are the only scales you'll need in your kitchen! It measures both dry and liquid ingredients in imperial and metric measurements: grams, ounces, millilitres and fluid ounces. The large LCD display and touch-sensitive buttons are really easy to use. You can even use the 'tare' function to add multiple ingredients in the same bowl.
Our CleverCut chopping board is perfect for all your kitchen chopping needs. It features non-slip feet to keep the board from moving when chopping, and the sloped cutting surface with a spout helps to drain and collect juices. The board provides a larger flat cutting surface for all types of food preparation and the side walls hold round shaped objects in place for safe and easy cutting.
Sold Out
With this set of 3 handy stackable cooling racks with a rectangular grid, you'll be able to cool large batches of cookies and sponges - perfect for marathon baking days!


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Home > Motorsport > Intercom Systems > Helmet Headsets
(Details shown apply to the default selection)
Part Number: ITD-IK-I-PMicrophone: Neodymium
Zero Noise Intrepid Advanced Pro replacement full face helmet headset. Pre-wired ear speakers and open face microphone boom, suitable for either Peltor, Stilo or IMSA compatible amplifiers. The Intrepid range utilises noise cancelling Neodymium microphones and have been designed for use in highly tuned front wheel drive vehicles competing at high levels, that have high revving engines that produce a lot of noise and vibration, much of which is carried into the bodyshell.
Priced Each
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PBS is the most trusted name in public broadcasting, offering news, education, and entertainment programming for viewers of all ages.
In 2009, amid growing demand for content access, the PBS executive team knew they needed to make the leap from a coalition of terrestrial broadcast companies to a digital-first organization. Inefficient and fragmented, each of PBS' 187 member stations was building their own solution to power online viewing experiences.
3Pillar partnered with PBS to stand up a new digital organization trained in agile methodologies. Our team developed the original iPad apps for PBS and PBS KIDS, built custom CMSs for member stations to deploy consistent online content, and created a set of APIs that serves PBS content everywhere, including mobile, OTT, and STB platforms. The groundwork we laid has given PBS unprecedented control over when and where their content appears.
"The information provided is so key to what we are solving." – Scott Nourse, SVP, Digital Product Development
"This is huge. Every single online viewer will notice and benefit from the massive performance increase of this new content service architecture." – Matt Norton, Senior Director of Technology, PBS Digital


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We couldn't find what you are looking for. Try searching for something else.
(859) 224-1600
Email: email@example.com
1001 Ben Ali Dr. #2 · Danville, KY 40422
Mon & Wed: 9am-5pm
Thu: 9am-2pm
1001 Ben Ali Dr. #2
Danville, KY 40422
(859) 224-1600
Email: email@example.com
134 Amerson Way · Georgetown, KY 40324
Mon & Wed: 9am-4pm
(859) 224-1600
Email: email@example.com
2349 Richmond Road · Lexington, KY 40502
Open to visitors Mon & Wed: 9am-4pm
Lexington, KY 40523
(859) 224-1600
Email: firstname.lastname@example.com
5001 Harrodsburg Road · Nicholasville, KY 40356
Mon–Thu: 9am-5pm
Fri: 9am-1pm
Lexington, KY 40523
(859) 224-1600
Email: email@example.com
705 N 2nd St · Richmond, KY 40475
Mon-Thur 9am - 5pm
1432 Fairlane Dr
Richmond, KY 40475
October 18, 2018
Life is full of things that can affect us - for good and bad- and our faith is no different. Every day we encounter things that could either activate or deactivate our faith. Join us for this series where look at how the things of everyday life can support our faith and point us more closely to Jesus.
3 Podcasts:
Stressed Out
September 17, 2018
Join us in the series as we look at what it looks like to give our worries and stress to God.
3 Podcasts:
Up There Down Here
May 10, 2018
As we wrap up this school year of walking through the Bible, we're focusing on the Good News of the future as we see it in the book of Revelation. We look ahead to everything being made right, and our relationship with each other and God being restored.
1 Podcasts:
The Letters
April 23, 2018
The leaders of the early Church were passionate about encouraging and instructing those who followed Jesus. To do this in the first century they would pen letters and send them to be read aloud in their local churches. In this series, we'll see that these letters, called the Epistles, still teach incredible yet practical truths to believers today.
3 Podcasts:
The Road
March 14, 2018
What we know and believe about God shapes everything else in our lives. Understanding who God is and what He's done for us makes a huge difference in how we live every day. In this series, we're going to be looking at the book of Romans and recognize God's saving plan for us.
5 Podcasts:
The Movement
February 8, 2018
The Church didn't start as a building or service, but as a movement of people who had a life-changing experience with Jesus. In the book of Acts, we see the story of those people as the gospel spread and they couldn't keep the good news of Jesus to themselves. In this series, we'll look at what God did as the Church started and what it means for us today.
3 Podcasts:
Four Words
January 9, 2018
While there are a lot of words that can describe who Jesus is, there are Four Words that capture Jesus' power but also his humility. The juxtaposition between power and humility are evident with the words King, and servant, but also with Jesus' identity as both God and man. As we look at each one of these words, we will set the stage from a different gospel writer's point of view.
4 Podcasts:
Merry Southland Students Christmas
December 18, 2017
A Very Special Christmas Podcast - with our a few of our student pastors talking about favorite Christmas songs, movies, and memories as we finish up 2017 at Southland Students.
1 Podcasts:
Against The Grain
November 13, 2017
Following God isn't always easy. In fact sometimes it's just plain difficult, especially when life is busy and challenges seem to pile up. In this series, we'll look at stories of people that show us how to walk with God well even when life is hard.
4 Podcasts:


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Camilo Montecristi PanamaORIGINAL
Montecristi - A name that signifies the highest standard in the Panama hat trade and the ultimate expression of the master-weavers art.
Taking up to 6 months to create by hand, these hats define quality by their super light weight, super fine weave and intricate detailing.
Ideal for hot weather, and at home in both formal and relaxed settings, the Montecristi is the perfect panama for the more discerning hat wearer.
Small size available in either solid woven crown, or delicate open weave pattern band.
Brim: 77mm
Crown: Round
Material: Toquilla palm.


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Sponsored Links
Want to beat your Scrabble friends no matter where you are?WordSolver Android App!
5 Definitions of Sensed
The definition of sensed, the meaning of the word Sensed:
Is sensed a scrabble word? Yes!
- v. - Perceive by a physical sensation, e.g., coming from the skin or muscles
- v. - Detect some circumstance or entity automatically
- v. - Become aware of not through the senses but instinctively
- v. - Comprehend
- adj. - Detected by instinct or inference rather than by recognized perceptual cues
Sensed is worth 7 points in Scrabble, and 8 points in Words with Friends
There are 6 letters in sensed: D E E N S S
Words that can be created with an extra letter added to sensed:
36 words found using the letters in "Sensed"
5 Letter Words
4 Letter Words
Sponsored Links
3 Letter Words
2 Letter Words


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Halloween Kermes coming up Sat, Oct 28th!
We're hosting a Halloween Kermes (carnival) on Saturday, October 28th. All are welcome! Please check out our festive flier, and feel free to spread the word. We'll have lots of fall fun for kids of all ages — a bouncy house, carnival games, a photo booth, popcorn, cotton candy, and lots of other yummy food and treats. PLUS: music, face-painting, pumpkin decorating and other crafts … and
Read more »


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Former White House press secretary Mike McCurry, currently distinguished professor of public theology at the Wesley Theological Seminary, will give a talk at Ferrum College at 7 p.m. on Wednesday, November 14, in the Blue Ridge Mountain Room in Franklin Hall on campus. Instead of a formal lecture, the format of the presentation will be more conversational with Dr. David Howell, dean of the School of Arts & Humanities and professor of religion, serving as McCurry's partner asking him a number of questions. Sponsored by Spiritual Life and the Religion Department, the event is free and open to the public.
McCurry, a veteran political strategist and spokesperson with nearly four decades of experience in the nation's capital, is a partner at Public Strategies Washington, Inc., where he provides counsel on communications strategies and management to corporate and non-profit clients. He also serves on numerous boards and advisory councils, and is a member and former co-chairman of the Commission on Presidential Debates, which sponsors the general election debates between presidential and vice presidential candidates.
Read more about McCurry on Wesley Theological Seminary's website.


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Super Mario Bros., Bullet Bill Cartridge
original movie prop
"You're never going to believe this!" A well-used, copper-colored, 3-inch Bullet Bill cartridge from the 1993 Super Mario Bros. movie, Princess Daisy (Samantha Mathis) can be seen wearing a similar example on her bandolier as she bursts into Mario and Luigi's Brooklyn apartment to seek out their help during the cliffhanger ending. In the film, Bullet Bills act as helpful accessories: projectiles to propel Thwomp-Stomper boots. Inserting one allows the wearer to burst into the air and leap great distances, simulating the springy aerobic action of the run-and-jump game series. This item was originally obtained from the movie's prop master.
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|* registered yourprops.com members only


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Travel Mobility Scooter Launch Announced For Travelling Couples (55+)
Travelscoot Australia and Daniel Feenstra are pleased to announce the launch of their newly designed travel mobility scooter. The lightweight and portable scooter allows couples of 55-plus to enjoy more freedom while traveling. The scooter gives couples a new holiday experience that they couldn't do with a heavier scooter. The portable and lightweight scooter allows for more freedom.
Travelscoot is light enough to go into port and location on cruises, as well. Overall, it provides a new lease on life for those with mobility issues. The TravelScoot is the world's lightest and most compact electric mobility scooter.
There is no reason to give up independence, thanks to the broad range of adult mobility scooters, which are the most portable and lightweight solutions on the market. With the battery included, the scooters weigh as little as 15kg, and they can be folded to fit inside a car, the bus or the train. They can also be stored in the overhead compartment of a plane. The products are crucial for people with mobility issues.
More information can be viewed at https://travelscootaustralia.com.au/
A spokesperson for Travelscoot explained to an interviewer, "Don't give up traveling. We design our solutions with portability in mind. Not only can you store your foldable scooter in tight spaces, but you can also take it on the planes because all the well-known airlines have approved our batteries. Every day, thousands of Travelscoots are on their way to destinations all over the world. Forget the idea of having to stay at home all day and go and see some new sights with the help of our electric scooter."
"You can cover long distances with confidence," he continued. "Despite their lightweight and portability, our scooters can travel up to 20km per charge. There is no need to worry about getting stranded anywhere when you invest in one of our products."
More information can be viewed at Travel Scoot Australia
Media Contact
Company Name: Travelscoot Australia
Contact Person: Daniel Feenstra
Email: Send Email
Phone: 1800 953 132
Address:Suite 1, Ground floor, 205 Clarence St
City: Sydney
State: NSW 2000
Country: Australia
Website: https://travelscootaustralia.com.au/


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Jane Ann Galt over at Asymmetrical Information notes a post over at Crooked TImber which advocates a European-style paid parental leave system CT defends this nonsense by making light of the percentage of the financial impact:
The experience of parental leave in other countries offers some lessons about its possible effects on the economy, employers, and women's employment. Parental leave programs generally are not very expensive, amounting to at most one or two percent of GDP.
Jane responds, correctly, that the 1 to 2 percent comes out to…
…..$140 billion dollars a year, at the outside. That would make paid parental leave a top 10, possibly a top 5, programme in terms of budget authority.
A point Jane doesn't address is that the financial strain on the EU to support such programs is what's keeping the EU as a whole, in such financial problems.
Tags: BitsBlog


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It is easy to believe that native animals like kangaroos, possums, lyrebirds and wombats will always be around. Is it possible that they are in decline? WildCount aims to answer this question.
WildCount looks at trends in occurrence of animals at these sites, to understand if animals are in decline, increasing or stable.
The videos below have more information about the project.


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|[study on natural infection of epidemic haemorrhagic fever virus in leptotrombidium scutellare].
|leptotrombidium (l.) scutellare was considered to be the suspected vector of epidemic haemorrhagic fever (ehf). in order to clarify the relationship between this mite and ehf, from oct to nov 1988 and oct of 1989, the larvae of this mite were collected from rats in areas with constantly high incidence of ehf in shanxi province and larvae with only small quantity of meal were selected and for more than 15 days before isolation of ehfv. six strains of virus were isolated. the viruses isolated were ...
|molecular characterization of the rna s segment of nephropathia epidemica virus strain hällnäs b1.
|the s segment rna of nephropathia epidemica virus (nev) strain hällnäs b1 was isolated by molecular cloning of the corresponding cdna. the rna is 1785 nucleotides long with the 3' and 5' termini being complementary for 23 bases. the viral messenger-sense rna contains one major open reading frame (orf) with a coding capacity of 433 amino acids encoding a 49-kda polypeptide. compared to the hantaan s segment cdna sequence there is a nucleotide homology of 60 and 61% at the amino acid level. many o ...
|[virus-specific proteins and rna of the virus of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].
|virus-specific proteins g1, g2, and n with molecular weights of 70, 55-57, and 50 kilodaltons, respectively, were detected by radioimmunodiffusion tests in vero e-6 cells infected with strains of virus of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) isolated in the european ussr from a patient with hfrs, a fatal human case of hfrs (the strains k-27 and p-360) and from a bank vole (strain cg-1820). the sera from human convalescents after hfrs in the european ussr and rat sera prepared with the cg ...
|nucleotide sequence of the m genome segment of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus strain b-1.
|coding strategy of the s rna segment of dugbe virus (nairovirus; bunyaviridae).
|the s rna segment of dugbe (dug) virus (nairovirus; bunyaviridae) was sequenced from three overlapping cdna clones and by primer extension. the s rna is 1712 nucleotides in length and contains one large open reading frame (orf) of 1326 nucleotides coding for a 49.4-kda protein on viral complementary (vc) rna. this protein in size corresponds to the dug nucleocapsid (n) protein (p. cash, 1985, j. gen. virol. 66, 141-148). the 49.4-kda product was expressed as a fusion protein with beta-galactosid ...
|distinction between bunyaviridae genera by surface structure and comparison with hantaan virus using negative stain electron microscopy.
|ultrastructural studies of glutaraldehyde-fixed viruses of the bunyaviridae were performed by negative-stain electron microscopy. the surface structure of viruses of each genus was compared with that of the other genera and with hantaan virus, the prototype of a proposed new genus of bunyaviridae. viruses of each genus had a surface structure distinct for that genus. in addition, hantaan virus had a surface structure composed of a grid-like pattern of morphologic subunits not previously describe ...
|[circulation of the virus of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome among small mammals in the territory of the ussr].
|over 55,000 small mammals of 72 species trapped in 62 administrative territories practically in all landscape-geographical zones of the ussr were examined in 1980-1985. the use of current laboratory methods demonstrated a wide spread of hfrs virus in the territory of this country, involvement in the epizootic process of most species of forest and steppe murine rodents and insectivora. in each landscape zone, the main carriers of the hfrs agent were established, represented, as a rule, by the bas ...
|[antigenic components of the epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus].
|effects of human and murine interferons against hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) virus (hantaan virus).
|the effects of human interferons (ifn-alpha, ifn-beta, ifn-gamma) on the replication of hantaan virus (hv) in vero e6 cells were examined. pretreatment of cells with human ifns resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of hv plaque formation. of the 3 human ifns, ifn-beta inhibited virus replication most effectively. pretreatment of murine macrophage cells with mouse ifn-beta also resulted in an inhibition of viral growth and then the effect of murine ifn-beta in newborn icr mice infected with hv wa ...
|characterization of hantaan virus envelope glycoprotein antigenic determinants defined by monoclonal antibodies.
|a panel of 24 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to the g1 or g2 envelope glycoproteins of hantaan virus were used to determine the surface topography and functional properties of antigenic sites. nine distinct, partially overlapping antigenic sites, two on g1 and seven on g2, were demonstrated by competitive binding assays. analyses of the antigenic sites by haemagglutination (ha) inhibition and plaque-reduction neutralization tests showed that all of the sites, except one on g1, were related to vira ...
|new isolates of hfrs virus in sichuan, china and characterisation of antigenic differences by monoclonal antibodies.
|virion proteins of viruses causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome; monoclonal antibody analysis.
|sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and western blotting analysis by using 9 clones of monoclonal antibodies specific for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) viruses were carried out on the virion proteins of 17 strains of hfrs viruses isolated from different areas in asia and different hosts such as apodemus agrarius, rattus norvegicus, domestic cat and hfrs patients. polypeptide with apparent molecular weight about 50 kitodalton (kd) could be detected in all 17 strains of hfrs viru ...
|incidence of antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus, human t-cell lymphotropic virus type 1, hepatitis b virus, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus and chlamydia in tonga and western samoa.
|among the populations of tonga and western samoa, serum antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus or hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus were not detected (0/904 and 0/192). no serum samples were considered to be positive for antibody against human t-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (0/527). hepatitis b antigen and antibody were found in 4% (8/192) and 47% (90/192), respectively. chlamydia trachomatis igg and c. psittaci igg antibodies were detected in 39% (75/192) and 47% (91/192), ...
|[preliminary study on the virulent difference between viral strains isolated from rattus norvegicus and apodemus agrarius in fujian province].
|virulence between virus strains of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) from r. norvegicus and a. agrarius were different, besides the diversity in their epidemiological feature, clinical symptoms and antigenicity. virulence of the virus strains from r. norvegicus, especially those from nonepidemic areas, were weak than those from a. agrarius. sucking mice might be used for determining virulence of the virus strains from various source. foci of hfrs had been in southern fujian, but human ...
|prevalence of antibody to hantavirus in some cat populations in britain.
|[antigenicity analysis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome viruses by mcabs i].
|[preliminary study on epidemic hemorrhagic fever (ehf) in guizhou province].
|during 1962-1986, ehf cases have been reported in 50 out of 82 counties in guizhou province. it was high in northern guizhou province. however, serological survey of the population showed that endemic area extended to 51 counties. the inapparent infection rate ranged from 0 to 4.04%. in 76 out of 82 counties the rodents were found to carry hantavirus. apodemus agrarius of zunyi county of guizhou and rattus norvegicus of the eastern and south guizhou are important reservoirs of ehf. hantavirus ha ...
|[isolation of strains of the virus of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in a cell culture from human patients and rodents].
|the virus of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome serologically similar to hantaan virus was isolated from three rodent species, ap. peninsulae, cl. rutilus, cl. rufocanus, and from human patients in vero e6 cell culture.
|[studies on inapparent infection of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in population of shanxi province].
|detection for igg antibody to virus of epidemic hemorrhagic fever (ehf) in sera from healthy people in shanxi province were carried out by ifat. two hundred thirty eight of 4873 serum samples were antibody-positive. total positive rate was 4.88%. the inapparent infection rate of ehf in residents of endemic areas was 5.48%. there was a statistically significant difference of epidemic strength among different counties. based on the analysis of antibody titers of positive sera, value of upper limit ...
|[study on geographic epidemiology of epidemic hemorrhagic fever (ehf) in china].
|the distribution, epidemic intensity and the focus type of ehf at county's level in china was studied by the method of discriptive, serological and geographic epidemiology. the ehf foci distributed in 1,257 counties within 25 provinces (cities, autonomous regions) by 1986, 633 of them were found before 1980 and the other 624 after it. the epidemic area have extended nearly twice in the last years. the extension of rattus type focus was most significant. the number of focus of rattus type increas ...
|[classification of hfrs viruses].
|experimental labyrinthitis in rats caused by infecting with virus causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs).
|acute and persistent viral infection of the inner ear of rats was induced with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) virus following intraperitoneal inoculation. newborn (within 24 h after birth) rats were inoculated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with hfrs virus (b-1 strain), and the cochlea was examined using an immunohistochemical technique for the localization of viral antigens 1 week (acute infection) and 1 year (persistent infection) after infection. virus-specific antigens were detected ...
|comparison of virulence between two strains of rattus serotype hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) virus in newborn rats.
|two strains of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) virus from rattus, sr-11 and ki-262, showed virtually identical antigenicity but differed from prototype strain hantaan 76-118 (apodemus origin) in a neutralization test. wistar newborn rats inoculated intraperitoneally (i.p.) with sr-11, which was isolated from a laboratory rat associated with an outbreak of hfrs, developed clinical signs such as ataxia and limb paralysis and died at about 18 days after inoculation. the ld50 of sr-11 i ...
|[area and natural reservoirs of hemorrhagic fever virus with kidney syndrome in the far east of the ussr].
|lungs of 9127 small mammals of 17 species trapped in khabarovsk region, magadan, amur, and sakhalin regions in 1982-1987 were examined, among them 11 species are reservoirs of hfrs virus. most frequently infected are striped field mice and japanese field mice, red voles and large-toothed red-backed voles which are the dominant species of the appropriate landscape formations. circulation of two hfrs virus serotypes among small mammals was demonstrated. the main epidemiological role belongs to the ...
|[hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].
|rapid detection of genomic variations in different strains of hantaviruses by polymerase chain reaction techniques and nucleotide sequence analysis.
|the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with subsequent nucleotide sequence analysis was employed to rapidly detect genomic variations among different hantavirus strains. using synthetic oligonucleotide primers derived from the m and s segment rnas of nephropathia epidemica virus strain hällnäs b1 (nev) we succeeded in amplifying the corresponding sequences of hantaan and puumala viruses. the nucleotide sequences of the cdnas derived from the puumala m and s rna segments were analyzed. it was found ...
|diagnostic complementary dna probes for genome segments 2 and 3 of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 1.
|potential diagnostic complementary dna (cdna) clones of gene segments 2 and 3 from epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus serotype 1 (ehdv-1) have been produced. individual segments of ehdv-1 were isolated, denatured with methylmercury hydroxide, and polyadenylated. the polyadenylated rna was reverse-transcribed and self-hybridized into duplex structures, and the incomplete ends were repaired. the resulting product was then cloned into the plasmid vector pbr322, using the complementary tailing meth ...
|[clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].
|clinical and epidemiological data on 16 patients with hfrs admitted to the university hospital of infectious diseases in zagreb during the past 10 years (1977-1986) are reported. in 13 of them, the diagnosis was confirmed serologically by indirect fluorescent method. all but two were men between 20 and 45 years of age (80% of patients). the disease appeared sporadically only. according to the domicile, way of living and working all the patients but three mentioned the contact with rodents in the ...
|serological studies of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in poland. preliminary report.
|serological studies of hantaan virus infections among--blood donors (control group)--patients: chronic dialysed, leptospirosis suspected, hospitalised for various diseases,--risk group population: farmers, laboratory staff (contact with laboratory animals), as well as laboratory and wild animals (rodents) were carried out. surveys were done by the indirect immunofluorescent antibody (ifa) procedure with 5 hantaan virus strains as antigens.
|[hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) in japan].
|immunoblot analysis of the serological response in hantavirus infections.
|sera from patients with nephropathia epidemica (ne) or korean hemorrhagic fever (khf) were tested for specific antibody response to antigens of hällnäs virus and hantaan virus strain 76-118. a vero e6 derived cell line persistently infected with hällnäs virus strain b1, and vero e6 cells freshly infected with hantaan virus type strain 76-118 were used as antigens in the immunofluorescence assay (ifa) and the immunoblot. blots were prepared from whole cell lysates. the convalescent-phase sera of ...
|[study on human monoclonal antibodies in hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus].
|comparison of immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the serology of hantaan virus infections.
|three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) systems based upon different principles were developed for the serology of hantaan virus infections and compared with an indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa). the indirect ifa was carried out with gamma-irradiated hantaan virus-infected and uninfected vero e6 cells fixed with ethanol (-70 degrees c) or acetone (20 degrees c) on drop slides and a fitc-coupled sheep anti-human ig preparation. atypical staining in the ifa was avoided by using ethan ...
|characterization of glycoproteins of viruses causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) using monoclonal antibodies.
|viruses causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) encode two glycoproteins, g1 and g2. for determination of the biological functions of these glycoproteins, we isolated 15 hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies directed against the glycoproteins of the b-1 and hantaan viruses (hv). from results of neutralizing and hemagglutination inhibition (hi) tests, and studies on the antigenic reactivities of the antibodies with other hv-related viruses by immunofluorescence, we classified th ...
|[reservoirs of the causative agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in maritime territory foci].
|examinations of 6362 small mammals of 18 species revealed the main reservoirs of the causative agent of hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome (hfrs) in foci of the primorsky krai, and demonstrated the importance of individual species in the epidemiology of the infection. data on the circulation in the region of antigenically different serotypes of hfrs virus are presented.
|cross-reactive immunity among different serotypes of virus causing haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.
|spleen cells primed by prospect hill (ph) or puumala (pu) virus could cross-react with hantaan virus (hv) 76-118 strain-infected target cells after in vitro stimulation with hv-infected cells, although anti-ph or anti-pu immune serum showed no cross-reactive neutralizing (nt) activity to hv without complement. these results and our previous findings with cross-reactive cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls) suggest that some epitopes recognized by ctls might be common among the hantavirus genus, while t ...
|[extraction of effective parts of alternanthera philoxeroides (mart.) griseb. and its antiviral effect].
|several parts of alternanthera philoxeroides were extracted by lead-salt sedimentation and double phase solvent extractive technique and their antiviral effects were studied. the results showed that extracts of petroleum ether, ether, and ethyl acetate have inhibitory effect on epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus (ehfv). the antiviral effective part is coumarin analogue.
|plasma concentration of atrial natriuretic peptide in different phases of korean hemorrhagic fever.
|korean hemorrhagic fever (khf) is an epidemic viral disease characterized by high fever, hemorrhagic tendency and renal failure, and by hemorrhages of right atrium and renal medulla as well as necrosis of anterior hypophysis. plasma immunoreactive atrial natriuretic peptide (iranp) levels of 15 patients in the oliguric phase was 94.8 +/- 8.4 pg/ml (mean +/- sem), 80% higher than of the normal control group (53.0 +/- 4.7 pg/ml; n = 28). in the diuretic phase it declined to 63.7 +/- 5.3 pg/ml (n = ...
|characterization of hantaviruses using monoclonal antibodies.
|the antigenic relations among nine hantaviruses from seven different geographic areas were examined in indirect fluorescent antibody test with 12 monoclonal antibodies. ten monoclonals were prepared against hantaan virus strain 76-118 and two against hantavirus b-1, a virus isolated from a tumour in a laboratory rat. four different serotypes have been differentiated: hällnäs, hantaan, prospect hill and rat strain like. two monoclonal antibodies were able to react with all nine hantaviruses studi ...
|determination of the coding capacity of the m genome segment of nephropathia epidemica virus strain hällnäs b1 by molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence analysis.
|the m genome rna segment of nephropathia epidemica virus (nev) strain hällnäs b1 was characterized by molecular cloning and dna nucleotide sequencing of the corresponding cdna clones. the size of the m rna segment is 3682 nucleotides. the 3' and 5' terminal sequences are complementary for 21 bases and their predicted secondary structure is very stable. the viral complementary messenger rna possesses a single long open reading frame with a coding capacity of 1148 amino acids (polypeptide of 126 k ...
|hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: four decades of research.
|hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome is an acute infectious illness characterized by fever, hemorrhage, and renal failure. research over the last 40 years has led to the discovery and characterization of the causative viruses, detailed knowledge of the epidemiology of the disease, development of sensitive diagnostic assays, and improvements in patient management, which in turn have led to significant reductions in mortality. considerable progress has also been made in elucidating the pathophysi ...
|antibody prevalence against haemorrhagic fever viruses in randomized representative central african populations.
|between 1985 and 1987, 5,070 randomly selected persons living in 6 central african countries (cameroon, central african republic, chad, congo, equatorial guinea and gabon) were checked for serological evidence of haemorrhagic fever. rural and urban areas were studied, including ecoclimatic zones ranging from dry savana to tropical rain forest. virus-reactive antibodies were found with all antigens tested, and the global prevalence of positive sera was distributed as follows: crimean-congo haemor ...
|[antibodies against hantaan virus and leptospira in subjects at risk in rome].
|a survey on the prevalence of hantaan and leptospiral antibodies on mammalogists and rodent control personnel was performed. none of the 66 trappers studied (using ifi ) had detectable hantaan antibody, while only 2 out of 20 mammalogists presented antibody at low titer (1:32). for leptospiral antibody the microagglutination test (mat) using live leptospires as antigen was performed. 14 out of 66 trappers, or 21.2 per cent, had antibodies, at titer of 1:50 or more, to various leptospiral serovar ...
|serologic evidence of hantaviral infections within small mammal communities of baltimore, maryland: spatial and temporal patterns and host range.
|serologic evidence was used to investigate the spatial and temporal distribution and host range of hantaviruses in small mammal communities in baltimore, md. immunofluorescent antibody (ifa) reactive to a baltimore rat isolate of seoul virus was detected in 44% of 404 norway rats captured at 4 park or residential locations; 21% of 121 meadow voles captured at 4 park locations possessed significant ifa titers to prospect hill virus. evidence from plaque neutralization assay of rodent sera suggest ...
|tonic pupillary reaction after epidemic nephropathy and transient myopia.
|characteristics of passive immunity against hantavirus infection in rats.
|the protective effects of passively administered antibodies against hantavirus infection were studied in newborn rats. death as well as infection were completely prevented from intraperitoneal challenge of strain sr-11 (sr) (2 x 10(3) ffu, 10(2.1) ld50), in newborn rats which received 0.1 ml of anti-sr rat serum (neutralizing antibody titer, 1:640) 4 hr before the virus challenge. in these rats, no virus was detected in the peritoneal macrophages, lung, kidney, and brain. the immune serum infusi ...
|hantavirus nephropathy in netherlands.
|a sporadic case of acute hantavirus nephropathy in the netherlands.
|a 32-yr-old man presented with acute renal failure preceded by a viral-like disease with high fever, bilateral loin pain, nausea, headache and slight thrombocytopenia. renal biopsy revealed only minor tubulointerstitial abnormalities. renal function completely normalised within 10 days after hospitalisation. the diagnosis of acute hantavirus nephropathy was proved by serological examinations.
|the duration of viremia patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever.
|the duration of viremia in patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever (ehf) was studied using immunofluorescence technique and cell culture assays. the duration of virus in plasma of ehf patients was about 1 week, which was concomitant with the febrile phase of the disease. comparatively, the separation rate of viruses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) was greater (1.8 times) than in plasma, while the detected peak of ehf (in 4-7 days after onset of the disease) was found to be 2 or 3 d ...
|[the immune structure of the population of the bashkir assr in connection with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and the relation of indices of collective immunity to morbidity and the nature of the landscape].
|the study of 9,176 serum samples obtained from all regions and 15 cities of bashkiria, carried out by the method of radioimmunoassay with the use of the antigen of hemorrhagic fever with the renal syndrome (hfrs), has revealed considerable differences in the size of the natural immune stratum of the population (43.9-0.8%). the size of such immune stratum characterizes the activity of natural foci: the largest immune stratum (25.4%) exists among the population of regions with broad-leaved forests ...
|[features of a natural focus of hemorrhagic fever with a kidney syndrome in various regions of the crimea].
|clinical characteristics of nephropathia epidemica in sweden: prospective study of 74 cases.
|clinical symptoms and laboratory measures of renal and liver function, coagulation, and inflammatory parameters were prospectively studied in 74 hospitalized patients (14-74 years of age) with serologic evidence of nephropathia epidemica. the most common clinical findings were acute onset of symptoms, fever (greater than or equal to 38 degrees c), thirst, headache, nausea, back pain, vomiting, myalgia, and abdominal pain. twenty-seven patients (37%) had hemorrhagic manifestations, i.e., epistaxi ...
|hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in yugoslavia: antigenic characterization of hantaviruses isolated from apodemus flavicollis and clethrionomys glareolus.
|hantavirus antigens were detected in lung tissues of 8/113 apodemus flavicollis and 2/17 clethrionomys glareolus captured in 1984 in fojnica, a region of yugoslavia endemic for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome; hantavirus antigens were not detected in lung tissues from 126 other mammals collected in fojnica. three hantaviruses, 2 from a. flavicollis and 1 from c. glareolus, were isolated directly in vero e6 cells and were partially characterized. the isolates from a. flavicollis, designated ...
|the distribution and duration of hantaan virus in the body fluids of patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.
|the distribution and duration of hantaan virus (htnv) in the body fluids of patients were studied by immunofluorescence, reverse passive hemagglutination, and cell culture assays. virus antigen of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) was usually present before day 11 of the disease, especially from days 4-7. virus isolates were more readily recovered from plasma early in the course of the illness and less frequently after day 7. the use of pbmcs rat ...
|renal involvement in hantavirus disease.
|epidemic hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in yugoslavia, 1986.
|an epidemic of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) occurred in yugoslavia may-november 1986; all republics and provinces were involved. serum samples were received from 260 of 276 persons with symptoms clinically compatible with a diagnosis of hfrs. presumptive infection with a hantavirus was determined serologically for 161 of these. many patients with serious clinical pictures, including severe renal insufficiency and shock, were hospitalized; 11 died. indirect fluorescent antibody te ...
|evidence for hantavirus disease in slovenia, yugoslavia.
|in slovenia, north-western part of yugoslavia, 17 clinically documented hantavirus disease cases (hvd) were serologically confirmed so far. previously hvd was reported in the southern part of yugoslavia. by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifa), the prevalence of igg class antibodies against different hantaviral antigens was demonstrated in human sera collected in slovenia. three different reactivity patterns were observed. majority of the ifa-positive human sera were confirmed by the imm ...
|[the incidence and clinical picture of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in east slovakia: the eastern and western type].
|hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is endemic in east slovakia. the paper presents the clinical picture of 4 serologically confirmed cases. two of the 4 patients had serological evidence of recent hantaan virus infection. positive immunofluorescent reactions with puumala virus (cg 18-20) were detected in the sera of the other two patients. the obtained results suggest the circulation of two serotypes of hfrs in slovakia.
|[epidemic hemorrhagic fever during pregnancy].
|hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in korea.
|several clinical variants of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) are caused by hantaan and related viruses. since 1951, 500-900 patients with hfrs have been hospitalized annually in korea. although hfrs is associated primarily with rural areas, it is now being recognized as an urban problem and a particular hazard to laboratory staff using rodents for research. recently, epidemic outbreaks of leptospirosis and scrub typhus have occurred during the hfrs season, leading to confusion in di ...
|[another case of hantaan virus infection in the netherlands].
|in a serological survey among dutch patients suspected of leptospirosis, using a recently developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, a patient was traced with a high antibody titre to hantaan virus. no anti-leptospira antibodies were detected in this 27-year-old man. shortly before he had been admitted to the hospital with progressive dyspnoea and coughing, accompanied with high fever. an interstitial pneumonia was diagnosed. he subsequently developed a progressive renal failure with proteinur ...
|what is new and where are the problems in research on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome?
|the prevalence of hantaan viruses among rattus norvegicus in tokyo in the 1960's.
|during the 1960's, 15 out of 89 rats (16.8%) captured in the port area and 6 out of 59 rats (10.2%) in the suburb of tokyo were seropositive against hantaan viruses.
|pathogenesis of hantaan virus in mice.
|the virulence of two virus clones (hv cl-1 and hv cl-2) of hantaan virus, which were plaque-purified on vero e6 cells, were compared in suckling mice infected by the intraperitoneal or intracerebral route. hv cl-1 increased the mortality of the mice whereas hv cl-2 did not. furthermore, virus of high titre was isolated from various organs of mice infected with hv cl-1 and high titres were maintained, whereas after infection with hv cl-2, virus was isolated from various organs only in low titre a ...
|hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.
|hantaviruses, the causative agents of hfrs, have become more widely recognized. epidemiologic evidence indicates that these pathogens are distributed worldwide. people who come into close contact with infected rodents in urban, rural and laboratory environments are at particular risk. transmission to man occurs mainly via the respiratory tract. the epidemiology of the hantaviruses is intimately linked to the ecology of their principal vertebrate hosts. four distinct viruses are now recognized wi ...
|[infection of human endothelial cells by the virus causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].
|[tubulointerstitial changes in patients with a history of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome].
|altogether 85 patients with a history of hemorrhagic fever and the nephrotic syndrome (hfns) were examined at different stages after the disease, characterizing the status of the tubulointerstitial apparatus of the kidneys. almost half of the patients who suffered this disease manifested a decrease in the capacity of the kidneys for osmotic concentration of urine under the conditions of deprivation for 36 hours, and in acid-secretory function of the kidneys under induced acidosis and clearance o ...
|effects of hantaviral infection on survival, growth and fertility in wild rat (rattus norvegicus) populations of baltimore, maryland.
|survival, growth rates, body size and fertility of wild caught norway rats (rattus norvegicus), infected and uninfected with a hantavirus (antigenically related to seoul virus), were compared. no differences were found in the survival of seronegative versus seropositive rats, as measured by mark-recapture experiments. growth rates, as measured by weight gain but not by increased body length, were slower in seropositive, sexually mature (greater than 200 g) rats, although no differences in the ul ...
|serological survey of hantavirus infection in french polynesia.
|hantavirus-related acute interstitial nephritis in western europe. expansion of a world-wide zoonosis.
|we report the clinical, biological and serological characteristics of 76 cases of hantavirus-induced acute interstitial nephritis diagnosed in belgium and france between 1977 and 1986. the disease is characterized by a fever of sudden onset promptly accompanied by pain in the loin or abdomen, nausea and vomiting, myalgias and occasionally with acute myopia and conjunctival injection. within a week acute renal failure develops, necessitating haemo- or peritoneal dialysis in up to 10 per cent of p ...
|hantavirus infections in humans and commensal rodents in singapore.
|to determine the extent of hantavirus infection in singapore, serological studies using the indirect immunofluorescent antibody (ifa) test were conducted on commensal rodents and on human patients in 4 diagnostic groups. virus isolation using a vero e6 cell line was performed on hantaviral antigen-positive rodent lung tissue. of 142 rodents and 3 insectivores studied, 37 (26%) were seropositive for ifa. rattus norvegicus was the predominant species captured, with the highest species-specific ser ...
|[differentiation of the type of ehf antibodies by rphi].
|this article reports the use of for differentiation of the type of ehf antibodies. a total of 58 convalescent-phase sera from ehf patients in natural foci of predominant apodemus type of ehf and in those of rattus type of efh were examined. in the former 34/36 (94.44%) belonged to apodemus type, and in the latter 22/22 (100%) belonged to rattus type. both rphi and hi obtained the same result in differentiation of the type of ehf antibodies. rphi possesses sensitivity and specificity in ehf diagn ...
|[an electron microscopic study of viral infected peripheral mononuclear cells in epidemic hemorrhagic fever].
|ultrathin sections of peripheral blood cells from 7 patients of early stage epidemic hemorrhagic fever (ehf) were reexamined under transmission electron microscope. virus particles were found in the cytoplasmic vacuoles of mononuclear cells from two patients. the morphology and morphogenesis of the matured virus were identical with those of hantaan virus of the bunyaviridae family. additionally, abnormal aggregations of tubuloreticular structure (trs) were sometimes encountered in the dilated ci ...
|efficacy of inactivated vaccine containing cyto-hemagglutinin against epidemic hemorrhagic fever in rabbits.
|using the z-10 strain of epidemic hemorrhagic fever virus (ehfv) as seed, and the primary cell of meriones unguiculatus kidney tissue as incubation cell, a propiolactone inactivated epidemic hemorrhagic fever (ehf) vaccine was prepared, according to a similar procedure required for the production of biological products such as the japanese b encephalitis vaccine. besides the ehfv antigen detected by elisa or reversed passive hemagglutination test (rpha) as were used for the formalin inactivated ...
|[interruption of early viremia in patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever].
|kinetic changes of viremia were observed in 287 patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever (ehf) in whom ribavirin was administered with a double blind random controlled study by means of virus isolation, indirect immunofluorescence technique and elisa. the positive rate of viremia was 79.7%, and the positive rate of ehf igm was 85.0% before treatment. viremia could be interrupted by ribavirin. in the ribavirin group, the positive rate of viremia decreased, duration of viremia was shortened, viral ...
|first sporadic case of hantavirus nephropathy, recognised in the netherlands.
|serologic survey of selected pathogens in white-tailed and mule deer in western nebraska.
|exposure of free-ranging white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus) and mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) in western nebraska to selected livestock pathogens was determined by serology and attempted virus isolation. antibodies to bluetongue virus, epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus, and bovine respiratory syncytial virus were present in both species of deer. no serologic reactors to brucella or anaplasma were found. attempts to isolate bluetongue virus were negative.
|[endemic foci of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the north-western region of the european part of the ussr].
|for the detection of specific antigens of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) virus, examinations were carried out covering 8.061 animals of 23 species trapped in the murmansk, archangelsk, vologda, novgorod, pskov, leningrad regions, the komi assr, estonian ssr, latvian ssr, and lithuanian ssr in 1984-1987. different activity and variable species-specific composition of animal virus carriers in the north, south, and west of the north-western region were demonstrated. circulation of hfr ...
|antiviral neutralizing antibody to hantaan virus as determined by plaque reduction technique.
|the 76--118 strain of hantaan virus was titrated in e6 (vero) cells by the plaque method using agarose overlay medium. visible plaques, formed 10 days post-infection, were uniformly 2--3 mm in diameter. dose-response experiments showed that a single infectious particle initiated the formation of a plaque. infectivity titers by the plaque method were equivalent to those obtained by the endpoint method (tcid50) using the immunofluorescence antibody technique (ifa) for antigen detection. the single ...
|epidemiological study of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome related virus infection among urban rats in two islands in tokyo bay, japan.
|a seroepidemiological survey of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) virus infection in 403 urban rats (rattus norvegicus) captured on two different islands in tokyo bay was carried out using the indirect immunofluorescent antibody (ifa) test with the sr-11 strain of hfrs virus. antibody positive sera were detected in 99 out of 355 (27.9%) rats from the island with reclaimed ground area, but none were detected in 48 rats from the other islands. ifa titers of the positive sera varied from ...
|[cases of hemorrhagic fever renal syndrome in 3 counties of the guang xi zhuang tribe autonomous region for the first time with the recovery of hemorrhagic fever viral agents from infected rodents].
|[main reservoirs of infection of the hemorrhagic fever renal syndrome in endemic areas of anhui province].
|[epidemiological study of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in china].
|[hantaan viruses. pathogenic agents in zoonoses].
|[hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in penza province].
|the evidence of the existence of natural foci of hfrs in penza region has first been presented on the basis of serological examinations of patients and normal population as well as hfrs virus antigen demonstration in the lung tissue of small mammals. an outbreak of hfrs among children in a pioneer camp is described. aerogenic infection of the children contracted from hfrs virus-infected bank voles (clethrionomys glareolus) living near the camp is assumed. the detection of hfrs antigen in 5 speci ...
|[relationship between hosts and hemorrhagic fever renal syndrome in chang-an county, shan-xi province].
|hantaan virus.
|serological and virological evidence of a hantaan virus-related enzootic in the united states.
|the first isolation of a hantaan-related virus from a feral rat in the united states was made from a rattus norvegicus caught in new orleans. the strain, designated tchoupitoulas virus, is antigenically related to, but distinct from, the prototype strain 76-118 of hantaan virus and is the first hantaan-like virus isolated from the pancreas of a naturally infected animal. serosurveys of wild rodents from urban and rural areas in the united states indicated that hantaan-related viruses infected ur ...
|experimental infection with puumala virus, the etiologic agent of nephropathia epidemica, in bank voles (clethrionomys glareolus).
|subclinical chronic infections characterized by transient viremia, prolonged virus shedding in oropharyngeal secretions and feces, and virus persistence in tissues (particularly lung) developed in laboratory-bred weanling bank voles (clethrionomys glareolus) inoculated intramuscularly with puumala virus (strain hällnäs), the etiologic agent of nephropathia epidemica. viral antigen, as evidence by granular fluorescence, was detected in the lungs, liver, spleen, pancreas, salivary glands, and smal ...
|hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: separation of human peripheral blood t and b cells and detection of viral antigen.
|total lymphocytes in peripheral blood were prepared from patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome by a density gradient on ficoll-hypaque, and then t and b cells purified by passing the lymphocytes over a nylon column with modifications. also, after modification of cell fixation and use of a spinner for smear drying, the number of cells were increased and the duration for slide preparation was shortened, thus resulting in quality slides. detection of viral antigen by immunofluorescenc ...
|isolation of a hantaan-related virus from brazilian rats and serologic evidence of its widespread distribution in south america.
|a serosurvey of domestic rats was conducted in several south american cities between september 1982 and march 1983 for evidence of hantavirus infection. antibody-positive rats were found in belem, são paulo and recife-olinda, brazil and in buenos aires, argentina, with the highest antibody prevalence rate detected in belem (30 positive of 54 tested, 56%). a virus isolated from tissues of a rattus norvegicus captured in belem, was shown to be antigenically similar to girard point viruses isolated ...
|a scottish case of nephropathy due to hantaan virus infection.
|an illness characterised by acute renal failure, fever, conjunctivitis and a macular erythematous centrifugal rash is described in a scot who had not recently travelled abroad. there was serological evidence that the illness was due to hantaan or a closely related virus.
|bunyaviridae. serological relationships.
|the family bunyaviridae comprises 5 genera of lipid-enveloped viruses with trisegmented rna genomes. one of the genera, bunyavirus, comprises over a quarter of the known arboviruses. the members of the hantavirus genus are apparently the exception in that they are not arthropod-borne. the genera are sorted largely on serological grounds. the nairoviruses, in addition to the presence of the physical marker of a higher molecular weight nucleoprotein, include congo-crimean haemorrhagic fever, an ap ...
|the s rna segment of sandfly fever sicilian virus: evidence for an ambisense genome.
|the complete nucleotide sequence of the s rna segment of sandfly fever sicilian (sfs) virus (phlebovirus, bunyaviridae) was determined from overlapping cdna clones and by primer extension. the rna is 1746 nucleotides in length and has two large open reading frames (orf), one of which (24.8 kda) is viral-complementary in sense, and the other (30.4 kda) is in the viral sense. this ambisense genome arrangement has been seen in another member of the phlebovirus genus, punta toro (pt) virus (t. ihara ...
|differential susceptibility and resistance of immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice to fatal hantaan virus infection.
|susceptibility and resistance to fatal hantaan virus meningoencephalitis were studied in immunocompetent (nu/+) and congenitally t-cell deficient (nu/nu) cd-1 mice of different ages. susceptibility of nu/+ mice to fatal infection was age-dependent, as evidenced by 100 percent mortality in mice inoculated intracerebrally with hantaan virus (strain 76-118) during the first week of life, 60 percent mortality in mice inoculated at 9 days of age, and no disease or death in mice inoculated at 14 to 42 ...
|antigenic and genetic properties of viruses linked to hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome.
|hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) comprises a variety of clinically similar diseases of viral etiology that are endemic to and sporadically epidemic throughout the eurasian continent and japan. although hfrs has not been reported in north america, viruses that are antigenically similar to hfrs agents were recently isolated from rodents in the united states. examination and comparison of eight representative isolates from endemic disease areas and from regions with no known associated ...
|outbreak of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in greece.
|an outbreak of eight cases of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in north-west greece is presented. the major clinical manifestation was fever and all patients subsequently developed decreased renal function and proteinuria. the disease was diagnosed by rising antibody titers to the hantaan virus.
|isolation of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus from suncus murinus, an insectivore.
|serological evidence of hantaan virus infection in the united states.
|we found low titers of fluorescent antibodies against hantaan virus, the etiologic agent of korean hemorrhagic fever, in sera from 7 of 1,035 patients with febrile illnesses of unknown origin and from 6 of 664 blood donors in the united states. all but 1 of these individuals possessed neutralizing antibodies against hantaan virus. this was a 31-year-old research technician who had worked with laboratory rodents with virus-induced tumors, but had not traveled abroad, suggesting that infection wit ...
|pathogenesis of hantaan virus infection in suckling mice: clinical, virologic, and serologic observations.
|hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) is a debilitating disease of humans caused by hantaan virus (hv), the prototype member of a newly proposed genus of bunyaviridae. studies of hv pathogenesis have been limited by the absence of a well defined model for a virus-induced disease state. in an attempt to devise a model for hv pathogenesis in laboratory rodents, newborn outbred suckling icr mice were shown to be uniformly susceptible to lethal infection with non-mouse adapted hv by intracere ...


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Corrosion, erosion and other forms of material degradation can cause critical damage to pipelines, potentially resulting in safety hazards and costly repairs. Having up-to-date and accurate pipeline inspection data, such as in-line inspections (ILI), is important to maintain the integrity of a pipeline.
There are a number of different ways to use ILI data to determine a pipeline's condition and decide if repair, maintenance or other changes are required. Our integrity management tool Alignment Manager can help you best use ILI data to make these decisions, and track the data changes over time. Here are some tips to help you get the most out of your ILI data.
Establish a Baseline
If building new pipe or acquiring pipe that has been abandoned for a long period, it is best to run an inspection before putting the pipe into operation. This will give an original inspection record to compare future inspections against. The original inspection will show any existing issues, with future inspections showing the progression of the issues not already repaired.
Pick the Right Pig
It is important to pick the right size and type of pig for an ILI run that matches your pipeline diameter. If the pig is too big or too small, you run the risk of the pig getting stuck in the pipe or not gathering accurate information. Also make sure the selected pig has all the necessary technology to detect anomalies based on the type of pipeline being inspected (i.e. gas verses liquid pipelines).
Complete Mappings
When loading ILI data into a database, map all known elements to their corresponding tables. This will make the data more robust and ultimately more accurate.
By following these simple tips, you can help lower the risk of critical damage to your pipeline.
Curious about all the ins and outs of how Alignment Manager can help you manage your inspection data? Check out our new NCSU e-Certification beginner course, available now! For more information check out our blog post Introducing NCSU, or email firstname.lastname@example.com


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Reptiles 419
Reptile Enclosures
Reptile Enclosures
Our enclosures are completely customize to fit your needs and the needs of your pet. Larger models are easily disassemble to fit through standard door openings. Available in basic wood frame or metal.
Just a few options
Just a few options
Fiberglass waterproofing
Automatic rain system
Automatic temperature and humidity controllers
Basic waterfall with filtration or choose a custom rock waterfall
Add live plants for a more natural look
Two main types of heating are ceramic heat emitters and halogen basking lamps. Each have their own pros and cons depending on your pet needs. For larger enclosures you also have the options of mercury vapor and metal halide, both require their own ballast and if used incorrectly can over heat your enclosure and risk of fire.
Our heat fixtures are either 10.5 inch metal domes or can come with a metal cage. both rated to 250 watts.
There are no artificial lights on the market that can truly provide the sun's full light spectrum. In order to give the living plants and our pets the necessary required light spectrum, we have several types of lights to offer based on your animal needs.
¨ 2300k led provide a amber color glow used for sunrise and sunset. These are also beneficial to plants and allows for flowering growth.
¨ 5000k led provide a bright white color also known as soft daylight. These are a more general use light, very inexpensive and will work for plants that required low light.
¨ 6500k led provide a ultra bright white color. These lights are great for bringing out the rich colors in reptiles and provide higher levels of the blue spectrum which will grow plants tall and green.
¨ UVB is essential for most reptiles. we offer a variety of sizes and power output depending on your pet needs.
Blue led moon lights vary in intensity depending on the size of enclosure and sensitivity of the pet. (for some reptiles, moon lights can disrupt the normal night time sleeping)
The better way to mount your lights
The better way to mount your lights
Our standard way of mounting lights is to flush mount them to our light racks that can be cutout to meet any type and size of lighting. This rack is then installed into the hood of the enclosure for a nice, clean look.
This design requires the enclosure to be 5 - 7 3/4 inch taller then the size ordered, but still ensures they can be stacked.
For reptiles that do not need basking or UVB this option is not mandatory and can just be a flat top with no holes in case you need to use the enclosure for a different reptiles that does require basking a uvb or the hood can also be removed completely.
The Finished Result
The Finished Result
This is shown with two 10.5 inch domes and a double T8 fixture with UVB bulb and 6500k daylight.
Just as important as heat is to have some way of cooling and providing great air flow. These fans are highly reliable and precision bearings make them extremely quite. this enclosure has two fans, one blowing in and one sucking out connected to a temperature controller.
Click this text to start editing. This simple title and text block is great for welcome or explanatory text. When writing, try to keep things down to a few lines at a time. Break up your content into different blocks to keep your page interesting.
Click this text to start editing. This simple title and text block is great for welcome or explanatory text. When writing, try to keep things down to a few lines at a time. Break up your content into different blocks to keep your page interesting.
Temperature and Humidity Controllers
Temperature and Humidity Controllers
We offer both temperature and humidity controllers. These controllers ensure temps. and humidity stay constant without the worry of over heating or not providing enough moisture in the air. Temperature controllers can be used for both heating and cooling. Connect your heat source of choice and/or fans either on the side or on top depending on your pet to maintain proper temperature range. humidity controllers can be connected to a humidifier or fog machine. These are not included in our basic enclosures, but can be added at time of order for added cost.
The Next Evolution has arrived
The Next Evolution has arrived
This is the raspberry pi, these micro processors can be programed to do just about anything from walking robots to smart home automation and now pet enclosures. For the most extreme pet owners these can be connected to your home network to give you full control over your whole enclosure. We are working on the next level of enclosure automation...be able to see your pet while away with the use of a camera mounted inside the enclosure, check on the temperature and humidity on those extra hot days. Have a peace of mind knowing if there is a fire that starts, the raspberry pi will cut power to the enclosure and notified you by text or e-mail. Greatest of all, the raspberry pi will allow a full natural light affect, rather then lights just coming on and off they will slowing fade on and off set to the sun natural schedule. Base package will included the raspberry pi 3, 3.5 inch touch screen(can be upgraded to 7 inch) and dimming thermostat for heat light.(dimming thermostat will lower or raise the power to the light to maintain proper heat without having to turn the light on and off completely.)


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Sensory LED Bubble Coffee Table
LED lights change colors and bubbles swim across the face of the table, as the pump hums gently. This combination stimulates the senses, great for children with autism, special needs and ADHD.
This is a great way to improve the décor of your dining room, bedroom, living room or even an office or doctor's waiting area. It is a coffee table and LED floor lava lamp all in one.
Illuminate this lamp with your favorite color, and jazz up its mode and speed at the touch of a button and turn of a dial pump adjuster. Customize this novelty bubble lamp and make it yours!
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The Pattern Trapper Market Update Blog is a companion piece to the FREE! Daily Pattern Signals Report.
For maximum benefit be sure to check out the On-Line Course.
The March Mini Russell 2000 contract has fired 90-10 Low Continuation & Reversal and Momentum Pinball Buy signals for today's trading. The 90-10 Low Continuation & Reversal signal tells us to look for morning follow through on the weak close, but to expect a likely reversal once the initial move has bottomed. The Momentum Pinball Buy signal suggests that we'd want to consider longs if price is strong enough to break the first hour high. Cycle Indicators (chart at right) appear as if a short term cyclical high has just been marked, but the larger trend is to higher prices. Odds favor continued downside in today's early trading. Look for an opportunity to sell the break of yesterday's 891.70 low, or even earlier if price demonstrates weakness below the 897.20 level of the Daily Pivot. But stand prepared to exit or even reverse if we get appropriate price reversal patterns and/or Oscillator Divergence near important support levels. Our Normal Low Range Projection level of 884.90 or the Extended Low Range Projection level of 878.90 would be likely areas for such a reversal to take place, as would a test and failure of yesterday's low. The Momentum Pinball Buy signal tells us we can consider the long side even sooner if the first hour's high happens to be broken to the upside.
Forward this to friends and colleagues! Disclaimer: trading involves significant risk and is not suitable for everyone.


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When babies are born, they are not good at regulating their own body temperature, which in a worst case scenario can lead to hypothermia and admission to the Neonatal Unit. Wool is the warmest and safest material for newborns and can help prevent the babies' temperature from dropping too low, but it is often too hard access for many mothers.
Items such as singlets, booties, beanies, bonnets and blankets knitted in newborn size are desperately needed. While there are a lot donated, the items tend to go surprisingly fast. The benefits of wool over acrylic fabrics lie in the added warmth and breathability that natural fibres bring. Of course wool is more expensive than acrylic material, so any donation of wool that can be passed on to volunteer knitters would also be appreciated.
Horowhenua maternity Charge Midwife Jane Stojanovic says that the maternity ward is grateful for anything they receive.
She said: "We have an army of volunteer knitters who put a lot of time and effort into knitting clothes for the newborns here. Of course, many of these volunteers are retired and can't afford wool as it is more expensive. Unfortunately the expense also means that many mothers are unable to afford warm woollen clothing, which means demand for these donated items is very high.
"It is because of this demand that we are looking for any donations of wool, or knitted woollen clothing. This is even more important as we head into the cold winter months."
Anyone who wishes to donate knitting or wool can contact midwife Suzanne Treen on (06) 366 0034 or drop donations off to the maternity ward at the Horowhenua Health Centre on Liverpool Street, Levin. If a large amount of donations are received, the surplus will be passed on to the maternity ward at Palmerston North Hospital.
MDHB News
Please use this form to tell us what you think of our services.
Send a message to a patient at a MidCentral Health facility.
General information about Palmerston North Hospital.
2015-20 © MDHB All rights reserved
What do you think? »


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What's small, green and charges by the hour? We went back to driving school with smart yesterday morning to find the answer.
It's not a solicitor from Mars, but a zero emission electric car whose forbears you may have seen squeezed into central London parking spaces only a motorbike could normally hope to occupy. 100 of these teeny tiny eco cars have been zipping about the UK in a trial which has been successful enough to warrant production in 2010.
Smart invited us along to a motoring event with a difference; we were going to learn about green driving, so we perched ourselves in front of a blackboard for a tutorial. Frequent drivers will know some of these things already, such as smooth driving and reducing speeds, but others are new to us, like not filling your car with heavy pointless stuff and leaving it there for weeks on end.
After our classroom session came the fun bit - driving the cars. First up was the diesel, which is the cleanest diesel in the UK at 88g/km CO2. It's also nippier than you'd think, though going over the million speed bumps in Shoreditch is fairly teeth-rattling due to the short wheelbase.
Next in line was the electric model. There's been a fair bit of resistance to electric cars and until now it's not hard to see why. Expensive to buy, poor performance and short range have been just a few of the gripes facing electric cars and to be fair, the smart isn't going to set the world alight. But according to smart, most compact cars are used for short range journeys so speed shouldn't be as much of an issue and the electric smart has a range of 50-70 miles which is fine for anyone pootling around London. There's also the green incentives to take into account. Once we'd got used to the lack of engine noise (which was surprisingly disconcerting at first), it was acceptably driveable and the auto gearbox saves us from Clutch Foot when stuck in traffic.
Smart trivia: You can get 16 people into a smart. The Chinese state circus, in case you were wondering.
For more information, see the smart website.


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Structured products online course
An independent adviser must consider all types of 'package retail investment product' before making a recommendation rather than simple 'products from the whole market'. The definition of 'packaged retail investment products' includes investments such as Exchange-Traded Funds, Structured Products and Unregulated Collective Investment Schemes (UCIS).
Many clients like structured products - those which guarantee the return of capital are worthy of consideration subject, of course, to the financial security of the counterparty. The risks associated with such products are many and varied, with some carrying very high risks, including loss of capital. Others could be described as fairly secure investments. A full understanding of risk levels is, therefore critical, as is a methodology for assessing those risks as accurately as possible.
Course material
Purchasing and cost


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This shop is a collection of artists. There are no flash covered walls as there is in most shops. We prefer you bring in your ideas and let us help you to fully realize them. We don't want you to settle. We want you to get the tattoo that you want and was designed just for you and not mass produced.
We do not hide behind claims of specialization. Stained Glass Tattoo artists are well versed in all styles of tattooing with over 25 years combined experience. Here, our clients come first.
General Information
Piercings STARTING @ $30
Tattoos STARTING @ $40
Multi-Session Work $100 – $150 per hour


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5 things I learned while teaching in Thailand
Posted on 9-04-2016 by mytefladmin
After a year spent teaching in the humid reaches of Southeast Asia's Land of Smiles, I look back on my time in the classroom with real joy. Not only was it an opportunity to hone my EFL skills in a real world environment, but the experience taught me loads about a different culture, language and people. Oh yea, and I got to sun myself on the Koh Samui sands and party in the bamboo bars of Pai along the way! Perhaps you're just finishing your TEFL cert, are thinking of enrolling on an EFL internship in Thailand, or are just wondering about the various benefits of opting for this enclave of Southeast Asia to teach in. Well, whatever your circumstance, be sure to check out this list of five things I learned while on the ground. Bangkok Skyline | © Swaminathan/Flickr


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Micro 13.56MHz RFID Module
Based on the legendary PN532 NXP Chipset, the Micro 13.56MHz RFID Module is a compact, powerful solution for hobbyists and professionals alike.
The tiny module supports multiple interfaces, making it perfect to add out of the box, no hassles NFC / RFID capability to your Raspberry Pi and Arduino projects:
- I2C, SPI & High-Speed UART modes
- On-board micro-switches make changing modes easy
- On-board level shifter: 5V for I2C & UART, 3.3V for SPI
The hardware is also compatible with your favorite tools:
- LibNFC / NFC-tools: Works out of the box
- Android NFC / P2P Communication
Powerful & Capable
The powerful PN532 chipset supports reading/writing
- ISO/IEC 14443A/MIFARE Reader/Writer: MIFARE Classic® 1k, MIFARE Classic® 4k, MIFARE Ultralight®, MIFARE NTAG®, MIFARE DESFire®, etc
- FeliCa Reader/Writer
- ISO/IEC 14443B Reader/Writer
Emulation is also possible for:
- ISO/IEC 14443A/MIFARE Card MIFARE Classic® 1K or MIFARE Classic® 4K card emulation mode
- FeliCa Card emulation
- ISO/IEC 18092, ECMA 340 Peer-to-Peer
Technical SpecsMain board:
- Dimensions: 35x24mm
- Chipset: NXP PN532 Chipset
- Interfaces: I2C, SPI, HS UART
- Full break-out pin points
- Input Voltage: 3.3V / 5V - automatic level shifting
- 3x screw points
- Dimensions: 54x39mm
- Reading Distance: 4cm - 7cm
- 4x Screw Points
- 15cm antenna cable
Compatible out of the box with any device supporting UART / I2C or SPI, including:
- Raspberry PI via HS-UART, I2C or SPI
- Arduino via I2C or SPI
- LibNFC / nfc-tools (mfcuk, mfoc, etc)
- Arduino
What's includedHardware
- 1x Micro 13.56MHz RFID Module
- 1x Antenna
- 1x Antenna cable (15cm)
Custom Antenna
Lab401 is able to build custom-designed antennas for this module to meet your project requirements. Simply contact us for more information.
Shipping & Packaging
- Each kit is dispatched from Europe - no need to worry about slow shipping times, import duties or damaged goods.
- Packed in sturdy, protective packaging
- We provide worldwide shipping with express options.
If you are an educational facility, reseller or need several units, please contact us.
Micro RFID Module ResourcesTechnical Documents
Product Presentation: Micro 13.56MHz RFID Module
- Products are dispatched from Europe - no need to worry about slow shipping times, import duties or damaged goods.
- Packed in sturdy packaging to protect your product.
- We provide world-wide shipping with express options.
If you are an educational-facility, reseller or need several units, please contact us.


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Free 3D Christmas Night Screensaver 1.0
Enjoy the magic Christmas night in a charming town somewhere in snowy mountains. Take a pleasant night walk around the quiet and peaceful place with nice cottages scattered about and warm yellow glow of street lights. Here and there are Christmas trees beautifully decorated for the special holiday. Sparkling snowflakes are dancing in the air. Plunge into the unique atmosphere of the beautiful place all in anticipation of Christmas miracles and surprises!
Ссылка: http://www.3d-s../christmasnight.exe
Ссылка: http://www.3d-s../christmasnight.exe


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ALBANY – Francis P. Hodge passed away peacefully on the morning of November 5, 2018, at The Teresian House in Albany, NY. He was born on June 16, 1931 in Massena, NY to Lawrence and Pauline (Setty) Hodge. From an early age, he loved books and they would take center stage in the entire odyssey… Continue Reading
Elizabeth B. Fahd
ALBANY – Elizabeth B. Fahd, 89, of Albany, passed away Tuesday, February 16, 2010 at St. Peter's Nursing & Rehabilitation Center. Born January 23, 1921, she was a lifelong resident of Albany. She was the daughter of the late Edward T. and Alice Humphrey Bonville. She enjoyed gardening and spent her life as a devoted… Continue Reading