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Exercising During Pregnancy Keeps You Healthy
Exercising during pregnancy keeps you healthy, improves your overall mood, helps you sleep better, and minimizes your pregnancy aches and pains. One of the best exercises for pregnant women is Pilates. Not only does it strengthen your back, pelvic, and abdominal muscles "" which will help you during the difficult task of labor "" but it also helps with your balance and flexibility. Although Pilates is a safe pregnancy workout, you should discuss any exercise program with your healthcare provider before you begin. Get the OK from your doctor first.
Pilates Strengthens Your Muscle Strength and Endurance
One of the major perks of Pilates during pregnancy is that it strengthens your abdominal and back muscles. When pelvic floor, abdominal and back muscles are toned, your body has more strength and resilience to adapt to your growing baby. As a result, you experience less severe backaches and other physical discomforts common to pregnancy. Having toned muscles also makes labor and delivery easier.
Practicing Pilates Gives You Improved Balance
In the second trimester of pregnancy, your center of gravity shifts upward as your belly gets larger. This can make you more prone to slips, falls, and stumbles. Pilates during pregnancy will help you become more balanced. This type of exercise focuses on balance, strong posture and spatial orientation "" all of which may help you feel steadier on your feet.
Breathing and Concentration are Essential in Pilates
An important element of Pilates is breathing. The Pilates breath is a foundation of the Pilates exercise, and it focuses on taking full inhalations and exhalations. Regular practice of this breathing will help prepare you for delivering your child in nine months. In addition, the Pilates breath may also help increase your lung capacity in pregnancy. This may actually prevent the shortness of breath that is a common symptom in the second and third trimesters.
Pilates teaches pregnant women to focus their mind and concentrate on exactly what their bodies are doing. This is a useful skill during labor and delivery.
Pilates Helps You Bounce Back after Pregnancy
Continuing to practice Pilates after your baby is born will actually help your body bounce back. Pilates strengthens the deep lower abdominal wall, so it will help you work off that "baby belly." In addition, the breathing exercises in Pilates increases oxygen and blood flow in your body, which may help the postpartum healing process.
Tips for Practicing Pilates in Pregnancy
When you're looking to take a Pilates class, try to find one that is tailored specifically for pregnant women. These are often labeled as prenatal Pilates classes. If you take an ordinary Pilates class, you'll want to avoid certain positions "" including those that ask you to lie on your back or abdomen. Standing on one leg is also not recommended for pregnant women. Always let your instructor know that you're pregnant. He or she will be able to adapt the exercise to your needs.


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You can make public donations instead of dropping pitty dimes and nickels for the homeless by using mobile payment technology.
Imagine you approach a mailbox looking box, rip off an RFID sticker from the side, scan it with your phone, add $1.75 to it and sign the back and drop it in the box. The donations will be scanned inside right away and the proceeds go to feeding the homeless in that corner of the world. Like a neighborhood Piggy Bank for the needy.

subset: commoncrawl


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Abstract and Keywords
Theory building from case studies is a research strategy that combines grounded theory building with case studies. Its purpose is to develop novel, accurate, parsimonious, and robust theory that emerges from and is grounded in data. Case research is well-suited to address "big picture" theoretical gaps and dilemmas, particularly when existing theory is inadequate. Further, this research strategy is particularly useful for answering questions of "how" through its deep and longitudinal immersion in a focal phenomenon. The process of conducting case study research includes a thorough literature review to identify an appropriate and compelling research question, a rigorous study design that involves artful theoretical sampling, rich and complete data collection from multiple sources, and a creative yet systematic grounded theory building process to analyze the cases and build emergent theory about significant phenomena. Rigorous theory building case research is fundamentally centered on strong emergent theory with precise theoretical logic and robust grounding in empirical data. Not surprisingly then, theory building case research is disproportionately represented among the most highly cited and award-winning research.
Keywords: research methods, case studies, grounded theory building, theory building, qualitative research, theory elaboration, machine learning
Access to the complete content on Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Business and Management requires a subscription or purchase. Public users are able to search the site and view the abstracts and keywords for each book and chapter without a subscription.
Please subscribe or login to access full text content.
If you have purchased a print title that contains an access token, please see the token for information about how to register your code.
For questions on access or troubleshooting, please check our FAQs, and if you can''t find the answer there, please contact us.


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Article by: Angelo Manaloto
Nowadays, universally acknowledged is the fact that in order to lead a wealthy life, it is imperative to be committed to your goals and dedicated to your work. Equally established is the fact that if you are one of these people, there is a higher chance of your kids growing up to be self-important and spoiled— maybe even spoiled enough to demand an airplane to stop in its tracks. Does this sound a bit too much? Well, it certainly wasn't for Cho Hyun-Ah, daughter of Korean Air chairman and CEO, Cho Yang Ho.
Ms. Cho Hyun-Ah ordered the Korean Air plane she was on to return to the runway after a stewardess served her macadamia nuts in a bag rather than in a bowl in first class. Given her father's high position, the pilot thought it was best to concede. Since then, Cho's actions have incited strong public response not only from Korea, but all around the world. She is currently facing charges for violating safety aviation law and interfering with the airline crew members' duties.
When asked to comment on Cho's actions, Jess Cuadro states, "It really is [bad to have a sense of entitlement]." Junior Wonjoon Choi agrees, adding that her actions are "exemplary of one of society's biggest issues" and that she is very deserving of the anger and denunciation she has instilled from society. Junior John Hadaway, however, looks at the situation quite differently, placing responsibility of the event's turnout on the pilot and his crew. He believes that they deserve "just as much blame, if not more" than Cho herself for adhering to her demand. He claims that it was a complete disregard for the other passengers in the plane, as well as the reputation of the airline itself. Although these are two different positions on the situation, both have very good points.
The universality with which the notions of entitlement has pervaded our society today is astonishing. It is evident in the way we buy things, conduct dealings, and even in the way we think. Thankfully, there are still individuals who believe in ideals worth striving towards. Hopefully, it's clear that Cho Hyun-Ah is not one of these individuals.


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This page provides a discussion of design elements and design steps for dry swales, which are often called grass swales. The following discussion includes dry swales used as filtration or infiltration practices, with the distinction being the presence of an underdrain for filtration practices.
The following terminology is used throughout this design page.
HIGHLY RECOMMENDED - Indicates design guidance that is extremely beneficial or necessary for proper functioning of the practice, but not specifically required by the MPCA CGP.
RECOMMENDED - Indicates design guidance that is helpful for practice performance but not critical to the design.
Use this link to access .pdf diagrams of CADD drawings. To see all filtration CADD images in a combined pdf, click here.
Implicit in the design guidance is the fact that many design elements of infiltration and filtration systems can minimize the maintenance burden and maintain pollutant removal efficiency. Key examples include
For more information on design information for individual infiltration and filtration practices, link here.
Before deciding to use a dry swale practice for stormwater management, it is helpful to consider several items that bear on the feasibility of using such a device at a given location. This section describes considerations in making an initial judgment as to whether or not a dry swale is the appropriate BMP for the site.
If a dry swale is being considered for infiltration, the following links provide additional information on specific constraints to infiltration (applicable to dry swales without an underdrain). The Construction Stormwater General Permit prohibits infiltration under certain conditions, which are summarized and discussed in detail at this link.
The RECOMMENDED maximum drainage area is typically 5 acres. Dry swales can be designed to convey runoff from larger drainage areas. However, volume reduction, water quality function, and ability to meet the MPCA CGP requirements is diminished.
Unless slope stability calculations demonstrate otherwise (for guidance on calculating slope stability, see [1], [2], [3]), it is HIGHLY RECOMMENDED that swales be located a minimum horizontal distance of 200 feet from down-gradient slopes greater than 20 percent, and that slopes in contributing drainage areas be limited to 15 percent.
If the swale is constructed as an infiltration practice, the following table summarizes required and recommended minimum horizontal and vertical setback distances from an infiltration practice to an above-ground or underground structure. It will be necessary to consult local ordinances for further guidance on siting infiltration practices.
Required and recommended minimum vertical and horizontal separation distances. This represents the minimum distance from the infiltration practice to the structure of concern. If the structure is above-ground, the distance is measured from the edge of the BMP to the structure. If the structure is underground, the vertical separation distance represents the distance from the point of infiltration through the bottom of the system to the structure, while the horizontal separation (often called setback) distance is the shortest distance from the edge of the system to the structure.
Link to this table
|Distance (feet)
|Requirement or recommendation
|Saturated soil
|Public supply well
|100 for sensitive wells; 50 for others
|Building/structure/property line2
|Surface water
|none unless local requirements exist
|If nearby stream is impaired for chloride, see [4]
|Septic system
|Contaminated soil/groundwater
|No specific distance. Infiltration must not mobilize contaminants.
|from toe of slope >= 20%
|1000 up-gradient 100 down-gradient
|Active karst
1 Required under the Construction Stormwater General Permit
2 Minimum with slopes directed away from the building
A separation distance of at least 3 feet is REQUIRED under the MPCA CGP between the bottom elevation of infiltration swales and the elevation of the seasonally high water table. Shallow bedrock areas should be avoided for dry swales with a minimum separation distance of 3 feet.
A field soil properties investigation is HIGHLY RECOMMENDED.
It is HIGHLY RECOMMENDED that underdrains and an impermeable liner be used for dry swales with filter media in active karst terrain because infiltration is typically not allowed in karst areas.. Geotechnical investigations are HIGHLY RECOMMENDED in karst areas.
See stormwater and wellhead protection for guidance and recommendations for determining the appropriateness of infiltrating stormwater in a Drinking Water Supply Management Area (DWSMA). For more information on source water protection see Minnesota Department of Health.
See NRCS Web Soil Survey for hydrologic soil descriptions for the swale location. A and B soils are potentially suitable for a dry swale without an underdrain (infiltration swale). C and D soils are potentially suitable for a dry swale with an underdrain (filtration practice). The maximum allowed field-measured infiltration rate shall not exceed 8.3 inches per hour for an infiltration swale.
Several considerations are made in this section for the conceptual design of dry swales. Further design guidance and specifications are made in the following sections.
It is HIGHLY RECOMMENDED that the design provide non-erosive flow velocities within the swale and at the outlet point to reduce downstream erosion. During the 10-year or 25-year storm (depending on local drainage criteria), discharge velocity should be kept below 4 feet per second for established grassed channels. Erosion control matting or rock should be specified if higher velocities are expected. See Erosion prevention practices for more information on erosion prevention practices.
Pretreatment prior to the dry swale such as vegetated filter strips or side slopes, small sedimentation basins, water quality inlets, or other pretreatment BMPs should be evaluated. If the dry swale is being used to meet the Construction Stormwater General Permit, pretreatment is required.
Although local drainage criteria may require a certain frequency event be used in the design, it is HIGHLY RECOMMENDED that larger events be considered depending on the adjacent property and associated risks.
The schematic at the right illustrates hydraulic parameters of a channel section. The area (A) is given by
\( A = ((b + d/tan(θ))d \)
the wetted perimeter (P) is given by
\( P = b + 2 (d / sin(θ)) \)
the hydraulic radius (R) is given by
\( R = (bd sin(θ) + d^2 cos(θ)) / (b sin(θ) + 2d) \)
and the flow quantity is given by Manning's Formula for swale sizing
\( Q = vA = 1.49/n AR^{0.67} S^{0.5} \)
Swales designed for filtration (i.e. swales that have an underdrain) typically have bioretention engineered media. The media is comprised of a combination of sand and organic material on top of a pea gravel bed that encases a perforated drain pipe. The media assists in the removal of fine particulate and dissolved pollutants, improving on the overall performance of swale systems. See design specifications for media. If the filtered water is eventually discharged to a receiving water impaired for phosphorus, the practice should be designed to minimize phosphorus loss.
Soils with high infiltration rates (A and B soils) typically do not utilize engineered media. Swales constructed on these soils are suitable for infiltration and underdrains are not needed.
Underdrains are used when drawdown requirements cannot be me (e.g. C and D soils) or when there are other constraints to infiltration (see constraints to infiltration). Underdrains are comprised of a perforated, PVC pipe laid within filter media to convey runoff to either a stable day-lit area, a second form of treatment, or the storm sewer. A solid-walled PVC section of piping should be connected to the perforated drain pipe with a "tee" junction piece and extended to the swale's surface to serve as an inspection and cleanout access point. These observation/maintenance ports are spaced throughout the system. See specifications for underdrains.
Stormwater treatment in dry swales varies by design. For swales designed as infiltration practices, pollutants are attenuated through settling of sediment and adsorption of pollutants on soil media. Pollutants not attenuated by these processes will infiltrate deeply into the vadose zone, where they may be adsorbed, undergo chemical change, or leach to groundwater.
For swales designed as filtration practices, pollutants are attenuated through settling of sediment and adsorption of pollutants. Engineered media, which typically has a relatively organic matter content, is effective in attenuating metals, most organics, and bacteria. Soluble pollutants, such as nitrate, dissolved phosphorus, and chloride, may be taken up by vegetation but will largely be captured by the underdrain and returned to the stormwater drainage system. Unless lined, some infiltration will occur below the underdrain in filtration systems.
The use of impermeable check dams or weirs can enhance treatment by increasing the volume of water retained and increasing the contact time between soil or media and runoff water.
Vegetation plays a crucial role in dry swale treatment capacity, flow attenuation and stabilization of the swale itself (i.e., erosion control). It is HIGHLY RECEOMMENDED that preference is given to robust native, non-clump forming grasses as the predominant plant type within the swale flow area. Care must also be taken to consider species selection in light of sun exposure duration/timing as well as soil moisture, ponding depth and ponding duration.
For more information, see the section Plants for swales.
Swales can be effectively integrated into the site planning process and aesthetically designed as attractive green spaces planted with native vegetation. Because vegetation is fundamental to the performance and function of the swale, aesthetically chosen vegetation may only be possible on the surface of the swales.
Considering management of snow, the following are recommended
For more information and example photos, see the section on snow and ice management.
Swales do not pose any major safety hazards. Potential hazards could occur from the steep side slope and checks of the swales if they are close to pedestrian traffic or roadways with no shoulders.
The use of temporary erosion control materials is REQUIRED in the design and construction of all swale types to allow for the establishment of firmly-rooted, dense vegetative cover. The dry swale bottom and side slopes up to the 10 year event should use robust erosion control matting that can resist the expected shear stresses associated with channelized flows. The matting should have a minimum life expectancy of three years. Upper banks of the swale slope should be protected by either similar matting or a straw/coconut blend erosion control blanket. See MNDOT specifications for guidance on selection of erosion control products.
Filter media used in dry swale designs should follow guidance on material specifications within the bioretention section of the MN Stormwater Manual.
The following are RECOMMENDED for infiltration practices with underdrains.
The procedure to size underdrains is typically determined by the project engineer. An example for sizing underdrains is found in Section 5.7 of the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources Stormwater BMP Manual. Underdrain spacing can be calculated using the following spreadsheet, which utilizes the vanSchilfgaarde Equation. The spradsheet includes an example calculation. File:Underdrain spacing calculation.xlsx
See MNDOT Standard Specification 3601.
See MNDOT Standard Specifications 2461, 2573, 3137, 3301, 3491, 3601.
See MNDOT Standard Specifications 2571, 2574, 2575, 3861, 3876, 3878.
Refer to the swales plant list section of the manual for selection of Minnesota native plants to be used in swales. Care must be taken to specify plants for their position in the system (swale bottom, side slopes and buffer). For the bottom of the swale, preference should be given to robust non-clump forming grasses or sedges that can withstand flow forces as well as provide adequate filtration functions. It is also important to understand draw-down time not only within the channel itself, but in either in-situ soils or the filter media, as plants have variable tolerance to the depth and duration of inundation as well as soil moisture period. Lastly, care should be taken to understand sun exposure and salt tolerance requirements of various plants to ensure a robust, dense establishment of vegetative cover.
Dry swale materials specifications
Link to this table
|Topsoil per MNDOT 3877
|Characteristic of local site soils
|Media sand
|ASTM C-33 fine aggregate concrete sand
|0.02" to 0.04"
|Check dam (pressure treated)
|AWPA Standard C6
|6" by 6" or 8" by 8"
|Do not coat with creosote; embed at least 3' into side slopes
|Check Dam (natural wood)
|Black Locust, Red Mulberry, Cedars, Catalpa, White Oak, Chestnut Oak, Black Walnut
|6" to 12" diameter; notch as necessary
|Do not use the following, as these species have a predisposition towards rot: Ash, Beech, Birch, Elm, Hackberry, Hemlock, Hickories, Maples, Red and Black Oak, Pines, Poplar, Spruce, Sweetgum, Willow
|Check dam (rock, rip rap)
|Per local criteria
|Size per requirements based on 10-year design flow
|Cannot get water quality volume credit when using a permeable check dam
|Check dam (earth)
|Per local criteria
|Size per requirements based on 10-year design flow
|Use clayey soils with low permeability
|Check dam (precast concrete)
|Per pre-cast manufacturer
|Size per requirements based on 10-year design flow
|Testing of pre-cast concrete required: 28 day strength and slump test; all concrete design (cast-in-place or pre-cast) not using previously approved State or local standards requires design drawings sealed and approved by a licensed professional structural engineer.
Embed at least 3' into side slopes
|Filter Strip sand/gravel pervious berm
|sand: per dry swale sand gravel; AASHTO M-43
|sand: 0.02" to 0.04" gravel: 1/2" to 1"
|Mix with approximately 25% loam soil to support grass cover crop; see Bioretention planting soil notes for more detail
|Pea gravel diaphragm and curtain drain
|varies (No. 6) or (1/8" to 3/8")
|Use clean bank-run gravel
|Underdrain gravel
|per pre-cast manufacturer
|1.5" to 3.5"
|ASTM D-1785 or AASHTO M-278
|6" rigid Schedule 40 PVC
|3/8" perf. @ 6" o.c.; 4 holes per row
It is important to acknowledge that each site has unique and defining features that require site-specific design and analysis. The guidance provided below is intended to provide the fundamentals for designing dry swale systems to meet regulatory requirements but is not intended to substitute engineering judgment regarding the validity and feasibility associated with site-specific implementation. Designers need to be familiar with the hydrologic and hydraulic engineering principles that are the foundation of the design and they should also enlist the expertise of qualified individuals in stormwater management and stream restoration plantings with respect to developing appropriate planting plans and habitat improvement features.
Make a preliminary judgment as to whether site conditions are appropriate for the use of a dry swale, and identify its function (filtration or infiltration) in the overall treatment system.
A. Consider basic issues for initial suitability screening, including:
B. Determine how the swale will fit into the overall stormwater treatment system, including:
A. Determine whether the swale must comply with the MPCA CGP. To determine if permit compliance is required, see Permit Coverage and Limitations.
B. Check with local officials, watershed organizations, and other agencies to determine if there are any additional restrictions and/or surface water or watershed requirements that may apply.
Consider the following when determining if a swale is suitable:
Consider the following when infiltration is desired in the swale design.
Recommended number of soil borings, pits or permeameter tests for bioretention design. Designers select one of these methods.
Link to this table
|Surface area of stormwater control measure (BMP)(ft2)
|Permeameter tests
|< 1000
|1000 to 5000
|5000 to 10000
1an additional soil boring or pit should be completed for each additional 2,500 ft2 above 12,500 ft2
2an additional five permeameter tests should be completed for each additional 5,000 ft2 above 15,000 ft2
Groundwater mounding, the process by which a mound of water forms on the water table as a result of recharge at the surface, can be a limiting factor in the design and performance of infiltration practices. A groundwater mounding analysis is RECOMMENDED to verify separation distances required for infiltration practices. For more information on groundwater mounding, see the following sections in this manual.
Once the physical suitability evaluation is complete, it is HIGHLY RECOMMENDED that the better site design principles be applied in sizing and locating the filtration practice(s) on the development site. Given the drainage area, select the appropriate swale practice for the first iteration of the design process. Note: Information collected during the physical suitability evaluation (see Step 1) should be used to explore the potential for multiple swale practices versus relying on a single facility.
1. Calculate the following runoff control volumes.
To calculate the volume behind a check dam, see item 3 below.
2. Once the runoff control volume is determined for design, compute the following design parameters to determine the swale size required.
\(q = (0.00236/n) · Y · 1.67 · S · 0.5 \)
3.The water quality volume (Vwq) achieved behind each check dam (instantaneous volume) is given by
\( V_{wq} = h^2 * (h * H + B_w)]/(2S) \)
Add the Vwq for each check dam together to obtain the cumulative water quality volume for the swale.
For information on check dams, link here. For an example calculation of volume, link here.
The number of check dams should be computed based on swale slope, length, and treatment objectives. For example, a swale designed to contain the entire Vwq may require more check dams than a swale that only contains a portion of the Vwq.
Channel slopes between 0.5 and 2 percent are recommended unless topography necessitates a steeper slope, in which case 6- to 12-inch drop structures can be placed to limit the energy slope to within the recommended 0.5 to 2 percent range. Energy dissipation will be required below the drops. Spacing between the drops should not be closer than 50 feet. Depth of the Vwq at the downstream end should not exceed 18 inches.
For an example calculation of number of check dams to employ, link here.
Filtration swales (swales with an underdrain) include a bed consisting of a permeable soil layer at least 30 inches in depth, above a 6-inch diameter perforated PVC pipe (AASHTO M 252) longitudinal underdrain in a 12-inch gravel layer. The soil media should have an infiltration rate of at least 0.25 inches per hours with a maximum of 1.5 inches per hour and contain organic material to facilitate pollutant removal but not contribute to phosphorus leaching. A permeable filter fabric is placed between the gravel layer and the overlying soil. Dry swale channels are sized to store and filter the entire Vwq and allow for full filtering through the permeable soil layer.
Dry swales with no underdrain will have infiltration occurring. The drawdown time will be equal to the maximum pool depth behind a check dam divided by the soil infiltration rate. See design infiltration rates for different soil groups. For example, considering a swale with a 1 foot pool depth behind a swale, the drawdown time for a B(SM) soil with an infiltration rate of 0.45 inches per hour will be 26.7 hours, while the drawdown time for an A(SP) soil with an infiltration rate of 0.8 inches per hour will be 15 hours.
Check for erosive velocities and modify design as appropriate based on local conveyance regulations. Provide a minimum of 6 inches of freeboard.
Design control to pass Vwq in 48 hours.
Inlets to swales must be provided with energy dissipaters such as riprap or geotextile reinforcement. Pretreatment of runoff is typically provided by a sediment forebay located at the inlet. Enhanced swale systems that receive direct concentrated runoff may have a 6-inch drop to a pea gravel diaphragm flow spreader at the upstream end of the control. A pea gravel diaphragm and gentle side slopes should be provided along the top of channels to provide pretreatment for lateral sheet flows. The underdrain system should discharge to the storm drainage infrastructure or a stable outfall.
Follow the design procedures identified in the Unified Sizing Criteria section of the Manual to determine the volume control and peak discharge requirements for water quality, recharge (not required), channel protection, overbank flood and extreme storm.
Model the proposed development scenario using a surface water model appropriate for the hydrologic and hydraulic design considerations specific to the site. This includes defining the parameters of the swale practice defined above: ponding elevation and area (defines the ponding volume), infiltration rate and method of application (effective filtration area), and outlet structure and/or flow diversion information. The results of this analysis can be used to determine whether or not the proposed design meets the applicable requirements. If not, the design will have to be re-evaluated.
A. Volume: Swale systems shall be sufficient to infiltrate a water quality volume of 1 inch of runoff from the new impervious surfaces created by the project. If this criterion is not met, increase the storage volume of the practice or treat excess water quality volume (Vwq) in an upstream or downstream BMP (see Step 5). If this requirement cannot be met, infiltrate to the extent possible and ensure that the remaining volume is treated through filtration.
B. Drawdown: Dry swales shall discharge through the soil or filter media in 48 hours or less. Additional flows that cannot be infiltrated or filtered in 48 hours should be routed to bypass the system through a stabilized discharge point.
A landscaping plan for a swale should be prepared to indicate how the enhanced swale system will be stabilized and established with vegetation. Landscape design should specify proper species and be based on specific site, soils, sun exposure and hydric conditions present along the swale. Further information on plant selection and use can be found in the swale plant list section.
See Operation and Maintenance section for guidance on preparing an O&M plan.
See Cost Considerations section for guidance on preparing a cost estimate that includes both construction and maintenance costs.
This page was last edited on 13 January 2020, at 13:38.


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Simultaneous Color and Haze Measurement Help Brands Perfect Ready-to-Drink Teas Follow
Posted on May 12, 2016
Tea is the most universal of prepared beverages, spanning both time and geography. From the common breakfast tea available your local supermarket to the most delicate white teas to the earthy and mysterious Pu'er, teas come in a range of kinds and flavors to suit virtually any palette. But tea isn't just a tasty drink; the medicinal properties of tea are the stuff of legend and play a vital role in virtually of the myths surrounding tea's origins. As such, tea has been an instrumental part of traditional medical practices for thousands of years.
Now, modern medicinal research is confirming many of the health-promoting benefits tea is said to imbue. "The evidence supporting the health benefits of tea drinking grows stronger with each new study that is published in scientific literature," write the authors of one metareview published in Current Pharmaceutical Design.1 These benefits include everything from cancer and heart disease prevention to enhancing metabolism and encouraging weight loss to anti-aging, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial properties.2 "There doesn't seem to be a downside to tea," says Katherine Tallmadge, spokeswoman for the American Dietetic Association. "It's pretty well established that the compounds in tea—their flavonoids—are good for the heart and may reduce cancer."
As evidence of the health-promoting qualities of tea mounts, ready-to-drink teas have grown exponentially in popularity both in the United States and around the world. In 2014, the ready-to-drink tea market ballooned to $5.3 billion in the US alone and $50 billion globally and experts predict that the market will continue to grow by 6% annually until 2018. With demand rapidly expanding, mass market major players such as PepsiCo and Coca-Cola are being joined by upscale, artisanal suppliers offering up gourmet ready-to-drink products.3 At a time when the public is seeking to replace coffee, soda, and highly processed fruit juices with healthier options, these products offer a convenient and attractive alternative.
But ready-to-drink teas are often plagued by a serious downfall: haze. In order to ensure that tea products maintain visual appeal to consumers and preserve their health benefits, tea manufacturers must implement tight quality control protocols that include haze measurement to address the challenges presented by haze formation.
The Health Implications of Haze Formation
The flavonoids that impart tea's health benefits are part of a larger class of chemical compounds called polyphenols, which serve as an abundant source of micronutrients. When these polyphenols interact with other compounds present in tea, however, the results can be undesirable. As Wu and Bird write in the Journal of Food Process Engineering,"[P]olyphenols tend to interact with proteins, caffeine, and metal cations to form colloidal suspensions of haze and 'tea cream', which are detrimental to product appearance and taste.4 While haze formation can affect color and impair aesthetic appeal, it can also diminish both the shelf-life and the health-promoting properties of the tea.
Traditionally, tea cream and haze are removed using processes such as heating, pH adjustment and stabilizing additives, many of which reduce polyphenol content to achieve haze reduction. In 2011, for example, a new stabilizing enzyme was released that works in part by removing polyphenols from tea extract to avoid precipitate formation without affecting the flavor of the tea.5 However, researchers are now developing more sophisticated methods of haze removal that seek to minimize polyphenol content loss to optimize health benefits while simultaneously preventing color and flavor changes that interfere with product appeal. Although research is ongoing, microfiltration is currently one of the most promising haze removal methods that aims to balance stability with key polyphenol levels.6
Using Haze Measurement To Perfect Tea Formulation
Of course, the implications of haze formation go beyond the chemical composition of the tea. Regardless of the actual quality of a tea, researcher KJ Siebert says that haze can leave consumers with a poor impression:
Hazy products are often regarded as defective and perhaps even potentially harmful. Since consumers are usually more certain of what they perceive visually than of what they taste or smell, the development of haze in a clear product can reduce the likelihood of repeat purchasing of a product and can have serious economic consequences to a producer.7
As such, haze measurement is a critical part of overall quality control protocols for ready-to-drink tea manufacturers. But haze is only one factor at play; tea color is also an essential element to ensuring optimal visual appeal and marketability.
Traditionally, haze and color have been measured separately, often requiring two different instruments and doubling the amount of time and labor involved in the quality control process. HunterLab's new spectrophotometer,Vista, however, eliminates the need for two separate instruments and even two separate measurements. This remarkable benchtop spectrophotometer combines the finest transmission color measurement with simultaneous haze measurement, allowing you to easily distill color and appearance information to objective, quantifiable data at the touch of a button. Paired with our powerful Essentials software, Vista provides everything you need to gain a complete picture of ready-to-drink tea quality and behavior. While Vista is ideal monitoring color and haze in existing products to ensure adherence to your established standards, it is also the perfect tool for assessing new production variables and processes, including haze removal.
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Delivery Information
We trust only a select group of couriers to deliver our beds and for all UK deliveries you can expect the highest quality experience with our delivery partner, Keen and Able.
Whether buying just a headboard or a full luxury bed set, all deliveries are performed with the FREE, White Glove Two Man Room of Choice service. This includes bringing your order into any room of your choice, unpacking the goods and taking away all packaging. From start to finish, you can expect a hassle free delivery.
Extra services are also available. For more information and applicable surcharges, please see below or make a selection during checkout.
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The weather is just starting to turn cold at UAlbany, so we figured it was a good time to bring in a taste of the tropics for Hawaiian Shabbat! The last time we did this Shabbat theme was back in the old house, before the move to the new Shabbos House in 2008. This picture is with the set-up crew that Friday.
Friday, November 10th, 2017. Note new time: Prayers 6pm, Dinner 7pm, since the clocks have changed.
Menu includes pineapple chicken and island rice, volcano-lava gefilte fish, upside down pineapple cake and macadamia nut & white choco-chip cookies, coconut water – all with a tropical decor. And hot soup (not Hawaiian) for it being a cold night.
Still working on the accompanying Torah thought and life message for this year, for now here's something we said last time about the "Shaka" wave. Since we ordered lei necklace garlands, this time we shared something on Great Neck vs. Little Neck, about necklaces and bottlenecks in a spiritual sense.


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Hostile Work Environment Sexual Harassment Under California's Fair Employment and Housing Act
UPDATED: September 11, 2018
It's all about you. We want to help you make the right legal decisions.
We strive to help you make confident law decisions. Finding trusted and reliable legal advice should be easy. This doesn't influence our content. Our opinions are our own.
Under California's Fair Employment and Housing Act, a hostile work environment exists when an employer's sexual harassment is so severe and/or pervasive that it negatively impacts an employee's ability to perform his/her job and results in a hostile, intimidating and/or offensive work environment. When determining whether an environment is hostile for establishing the existence of a sexual harassment claim, courts look at the totality of the circumstances and whether a reasonable person, in the same circumstances, would find such conduct offensive. A single incident will probably not be considered sexual harassment unless the incident is sufficiently severe (for example, a sexual assault). A series of incidents, or a combination of events with various levels of severity, will only be considered sexual harassment if the incidents have a negative impact on an employee's job performance.
While many factors are taken into account in hostile work environment cases, no single factor is determinative. Examples of harassing behavior that has been held to create a hostile work environment are the posting of pornography in employee cubicles, the consistent telling of obscene jokes and/or stories in an area where all employees can hear them, or sending/forwarding sexually explicit emails. It is important to note that simple teasing, rude comments or obnoxious behavior to a certain extent has not been found to constitute sexual harassment. In addition, depending on the circumstances, an employer may be liable for the creation of a hostile work environment when the employer had knowledge of the existence of such harassment but failed to take any corrective action to stop it.
If you believe you, or someone you love, is being or has been sexually harassed at work, you should contact an employment attorney as soon as possible to secure your rights and to have your questions answered by a legal professional who specializes in sexual harassment cases in California.


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A luxurious and decadent aroma. This fragrance features a beautiful floral bouquet of gardenia enriched with melon, sandalwood and cardamom.
Our hand-made diffusers are created by delicately blending the purest natural oils with the finest scented oils and are combined with premium rattan reed sticks to ensure an enduring and low-maintenance fragrance.
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One of the most popular vocal effects plug-ins used over the past couple of years has to be Auto-tune. Listen to T-Pain and Cher and a whole host of other contemporary musicians and you'll probably know what I'm referring to. Yes, it's that warbling pitched effect on vocals that you either love, hate, love to hate... or hate to love.
Auto-Tune was designed to correct intonation and pitch issues without introducing artifacts on solo instruments and vocals. However, like almost every "correction" based plug-in it's used in a creative way to subtly, or drastically, alter the vocalist's pitch and introduce a synthetic feel to the sound.
Rather than rush out and buy Auto-Tune (which you might like to do anyway), Logic has the tools built-in to emulate this effect. Read on to find out how...
For this tutorial I've chosen a couple of Apple Loops included with Logic Studio, Mikal Lyric 41 and Rachel Lyric 01, and placed them on an Audio Track. You can use your own vocal performance or any loop you wish.
Here's what they sound like in their dry unaltered states:
Bear in mind that whatever loop or audio file you use, it's a good idea to know the key it was created in. The Mikal Lyric doesn't have key information as it was designed to be a spoken word loop and the Rachel Lyric loop is sung in the key of C.
There's really only one plug-in you need to use in Logic to create the basic T-Pain effect. It's called Pitch Correction. Click on an empty Insert slot on the Audio track's channel strip and choose: Pitch > Pitch Correction > Stereo / Mono (depending on whether you are using a mono or stereo audio file).
The Pitch Correction plug-in can look a little daunting at first. We don't need to go in to tremendous depth here, but if you want to find out more about it check out videos 24 and 25 from the "Logic 7 202" tutorial. The plug-in GUI hasn't changed since Logic 7, so it definitely worth a look!
Back to our T-Pain effect... Here is what the default settings on the interface look like:
Like most of Logic's plug-ins it has an input, a middle/filter section and an output area. Focus the left area if the interface (Use Global Tuning). This area determines whether we'll use the current project settings to apply any pitch correction to. We'll leave that unaltered in this tutorial.
Notice how the audio signal passes from left to right in this plug-in? This is fairly standard across most of Logic's plug-ins and is a good way to figure out the basics of some of Logic's more intimidating plug-in interfaces.
Previously I mentioned knowing the key of your vocal loop/file. Well, in my case, at least with the Rachel Lyric loop, the key is in C.
Click on the Scale pop-up and choose "Major Scale". Next click on the Root pop-up and choose C or whatever key your vocal performance is in.
To get close to the T-Pain and Cher Auto-Tune effect pull the Response slider right down to 0.00ms. This will cause the pitch correction to kick in immediately.
Play around with the Detune setting. For the loops I'm working with, I found that somewhere between +10 and +20 produces the effect I'm looking for.
This is what the original loops sound like with the Pitch Correction applied:
In the first sample, you can hear a lot of pitch correction being applied to the word "rhymes". And the second sample's "feel it" has a distinct Auto-Tune style effect too. It might be a good idea to reduce the amount the signal that's being detuned and play around with the Root and the Keyboard's bypass notes to get a more impressive sounding result.
Try out these extra tips for more auto-tuning fun:
Be sure to check out the Logic tutorials here to learn even more.
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John Macharia
John Macharia
Kenya Country Manager, AGRA
John Macharia leads country engagement with government and key donors as well as operationalization of AGRA's new strategy to catalyze and sustain an agricultural transformation in these countries. Mr Macharia was previously a program officer in the markets and post-harvest unit at AGRA and managed the waste and spoilage maize initiative in Tanzania that was graciously supported by the Rockefeller Foundation. Prior to joining AGRA in May 2014, Mr Macharia was a senior value chain advisor with the Netherlands Development Organization in Nairobi and also served as a business manager and senior business advisor with the East Africa Dairy Development Project in Kenya and Rwanda.
Mr. Macharia has a distinguished track record as an agricultural value chain specialist, enterprise and strategy advisor. He holds an MBA in strategic management and is currently pursuing a doctorate of philosophy in strategic management.
The 8th AGTS will look to find solutions for the missing pieces of the grain trade puzzle and attempt to come up with an action plan to deliver more and better grain trade on the continent.
- Mbaazi Avenue, off Kingara Rd, Lavington
- P.O. Box 218-00606 Nairobi, Kenya
- +254 (20) 204 4094 | +254 710 607 313
- email@example.com | firstname.lastname@example.com


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PMO news and resource centre
Make your PMO more productive than ever with these simple tips
Do you want to make your PMO more productive but find the same blockers keep occurring? In this blog, our in-house PMO expert, David Walton, shares his special expertise on this topic and shows you precisely how it can be done.
In this competitive world we are in, we should always strive to be as productive as we can. Having worked in many organisations reviewing PMOs and re-engineering them, the PMO is often inefficient in terms of its resources and low in terms of productivity.
We recently reviewed a PMO in a large UK retailer. The PMO team sat outside the IT Director's office and he would look at the team of 8 people and wonder what did they all do and did it represent value for money.
If the PMO is set up properly they can add a huge amount of value to an organization. For example, they can be the eyes and ears of the IT Director. A proper functioning PMO is constantly reviewing the overall portfolio and checking whether the portfolio has the right projects to deliver the organization's objectives.
The PMO may highlight projects that need early intervention or projects that need to be stopped. Typically, PMOs do not carry out these value-adding activities. Instead they are bogged down with spreadsheets developing various project, programme and portfolio highlight reports.
They also spend their time chasing project managers to complete these highlight reports so these can be passed on to the senior stakeholders.
The amount of time spent and wasted in compiling these reports in Excel is enormous and leaves very little time to spend on analyzing the portfolio.
You wouldn't expect a finance department to maintain ledgers using Excel. Similarly, a sales and marketing department would use a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system (not excel) to maintain a record of customer leads, interactions and sales.
Why is the project management world different? Why is Excel often the tool of choice when reporting on risks, issues, progress, project budgets, etc?
Whatever the reason, it is time that project and programme management professionals used an integrated toolset to manage projects and for reporting. There are many Project, Portfolio Management (PPM) tools in the marketplace from the simple to the leviathan.
Whichever tool is right for your organization, a PPM tool can improve the productivity of both the PMO team and the project managers. If you choose a tool like PM3 (Bestoutcome's PPM tool), where there are literally hundreds of reports built-in, you will save a huge amount of time each week not having to chase project managers for their highlight reports.
Even more time will be saved not having to manually compile programme and portfolio reports.
As we develop and market a PPM tool, I know I am biased, but the reason we developed PM3 was to improve productivity of both the project managers and the PMO team.
If you analyse how much time is spent in compiling these reports, I think you will be truly shocked by the amount of this 'non-value added' activity. At Bestoutcome, we have developed a PPM tool Return on Investment (ROI) calculator and the payback depends on the type of tool selected.
If, however, PM3 or a similar tool with built-in reports is chosen, the payback can be as little as 3 months.
You should have a goal not to produce any highlight report using excel or PowerPoint. Using a PPM tool to replace excel and PowerPoint will not only make your PMO team and project managers more productive, it will enable:
• The project managers to focus on delivering their project outcomes rather than writing highlight reports; and
• The PMO team to focus on the value adding activities that a PMO should be doing
I may be biased but using a PPM tool instead of Excel is a no-brainer. You do need to ensure that you select the right PPM tool for your organization and you need to have a desire to eliminate Excel and PowerPoint from being used to produce highlight reports.
If these two conditions are in place then with a relatively small investment you will be able to achieve a step-change in productivity for both the PMO team and your project management community.
About the author
David Walton - I am David Walton, Programme, Project and Portfolio Management specialist and director of Bestoutcome here in the UK. We make the PMO tools PM3, PM3time and PM3NHS, the only PMO tools designed by practitioners for practitioners.


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A young man has been charged with setting alight a teenager who remains in a Sydney hospital five weeks after the alleged incident.
The 20-year-old man and 14-year-old boy, who are not related, were in the backyard of a home in Lockhart, near Wagga Wagga, when the incident occurred on August 28.
Police will allege the man threw a flammable liquid on the teen before igniting a lighter near him.
The 14-year-old suffered serious burns to his arm, hands and back and remains in The Children's Hospital at Westmead, where he is receiving treatment.
The 20-year-old man faces Wagga Wagga Court on Sunday, charged with causing grievous bodily harm with intent to inflict grievous bodily harm after he was arrested at Lockhart on Saturday.


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Download Alien Dawn: A Classic Investigation into the Contact by Colin Wilson PDF
By Colin Wilson
In this vintage booklet on UFOs, bestselling writer Colin Wilson, a popular authority at the paranormal, examines the proof and develops a definitive idea of the alien touch phenomenon.
Alien Dawn covers Wilson's research into documented facts of wierd and unexplained phenomena, together with UFOs, poltergeists, old folklore, time slips, out-of-body stories, mystical understanding, and psychic trip to different worlds. the end result: a desirable and encyclopedic learn of the complicated nature of fact. this is often probably the most finished explorations of the topic undertaken, with conclusions bound to surprise the reader, no matter if believer or skeptic.
Features a brand new creation via the writer.
Read or Download Alien Dawn: A Classic Investigation into the Contact Experience PDF
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Additional info for Alien Dawn: A Classic Investigation into the Contact Experience
Example text
It seemed obvious that the feeling of happiness and expectation is a state of mind, which has nothing to do with the actual circumstances of our lives. You could feel it as easily in a rubbish tip as standing on top of Mount Everest. In that case the great riddle lay inside us, not in what happens around us. All of which explains why I was totally uninterested in news items about flying saucers. If they were visitors from another planet, no doubt they would finally make themselves known. But I could not really believe that they were Martians or Venusians.
Chesterton—'absurd good news'. It often happened early on a summer morning, when I set out on a long cycle ride, with a bag of sandwiches and a bottle of lemonade in a knapsack: the feeling that the world was infinitely rich, and that the problem lay in the limitedness of consciousness itself. In this state, the feeling that all our human values are illusions seemed unimportant, for our values are part of our ordinary state of consciousness. And these moments seem to offer the possibility of a far richer form of consciousness.
It almost caused him to lose his job at Harvard, but fortunately sanity prevailed. , organised by Phyllis Benjamin, when I attended a lecture by David Jacobs, a professor at Temple University in Philadelphia, called 'Abduction and the Paranormal'. ' He then told me that he was at present writing a book on the subject, which he hoped would provide the explanation I was seeking. This finally came out in 1998, and I hastened to buy it. The title was The Threat, and it expressed the conviction that the aim of the abductions was to slowly replace the human race with a race of hybrids—a combination of humans and aliens.


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Michael Shnayerson
PublicAffairs, $30
Michael Shnayerson's riveting new book, "Boom: Mad Money, Mega Dealers, and the Rise of Contemporary Art," traces the growth of a burgeoning postwar art world and its expansion into the head-spinning mega-market it is today. Fueled by insatiable collectors, resourceful, often combative art dealers, and a shifting array of artists, the art market has swelled into a global industry with annual worldwide sales in excess of $67 billion. The staggering exchanges of money, money, and more money will leave you reeling. Buckle up — it's a wild ride.
Mr. Shnayerson, a longtime contributing editor at Vanity Fair, tells the tale — warts and all — with brisk, lively prose through which even the most arcane financial tactics blithely unfold.
Assiduously researched, the book weaves the stories of dozens and dozens of gallerists, museum professionals, collectors, and artists, moving from the pre-eminent Leo Castelli, whose eponymous gallery blazed a trail from the waning days of Abstract Expressionism to Pop Art, Minimalism, and beyond, to present-day high jinks with Leo's onetime protege, the mega-dealer Larry Gagosian, and a bevy of other power brokers and tastemakers.
Castelli reigned over the contemporary art world for decades, representing Robert Rauschenberg and Jasper Johns, Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, Dan Flavin, Richard Serra, and so many others. Along the way, the artists were catapulted to the heights of contemporary art, with prices to match. When Leo moved his uptown gallery to 420 West Broadway in 1971, the SoHo address quickly became the epicenter of an art market on steroids. Relative to today's market, Castelli's connoisseurship, velvet-rope diplomacy, and loyalty to his artists seems downright quaint.
But his historic trailblazing set the stage for today's robust, luxurious, and often frenzied art market. Mr. Gagosian befriended the older, more experienced Leo, becoming both an acolyte and the heir apparent.
"Nobody really needs a painting," Mr. Gagosian said in a 2016 Wall Street Journal interview. "It's an act of collective faith what an object is worth. Maintaining a value system is part of what a dealer does, not just making a transaction, but making sure that important art feels important." Mr. Gagosian, arguably the most successful art dealer in the world, with 16 galleries on three continents, is a genius negotiator and a very big thinker.
Some would say he's ruthless, but Mr. Shnayerson offers no judgment on any of the protagonists in "Boom," leaving it to the reader to sort out the jaw-dropping prices, artist branding, and unabashed merchandising. Peggy Guggenheim, the heiress and passionate art collector whose gallery, Art of This Century (1942-47), showcased the modern artists of Europe as well as New York's emerging Abstract Expressionists, lamented the commercialization of fine art as early as the 1960s. She would be desolate.
Mr. Shnayerson focuses on four of the most significant gallerists, the so-called Mega-Dealers: Arne Glimcher of Pace Gallery, David Zwirner, Iwan Wirth and Manuela Hauser of Hauser and Wirth, and, of course, Larry Gagosian.
He delves into their roots (Mr. Gagosian got his start selling posters in a parking lot), the relationship with their artists (Mr. Glimcher met Agnes Martin at Jack Youngerman's Coenties Slip loft in Lower Manhattan in 1957 and has represented her, and her estate, since), their growth and development (Mr. Wirth became an art dealer at 16; the team now has a 100-acre experience-based farm in Somerset, England, with galleries, a farm-to-table restaurant, and artists' residencies, a block-long experiential gallery in Los Angeles, two galleries in New York, as well as St. Moritz, London, Zurich, and Gstaad), and the possibility for longevity and succession (two of Mr. Zwirner's children have worked in the family business, and Marc Glimcher joined Pace — will the kids inherit the empire? Does a bloodline ensure immortality? What's to become of it all?).
In 1968, Paula Cooper opened the first contemporary art gallery in SoHo at 96 Prince Street. Over time, her employees included the artist Lynda Benglis, Roberta Smith, who would become a renowned New York Times art critic, and the gallerist James Cohan, once a co-director there.
Conversely, in 1985 Mr. Gagosian, who straddled the New York and Los Angeles art worlds, would be the first gallerist to move into an industrial space on West 23rd Street. The neighborhood, then a sort of no-man's-land, was dotted with private clubs, prostitutes, and crack vials, but its warehouses were gigantic and cheap.
By the mid-90s the art world had decamped to Chelsea, including Ms. Cooper, the doyenne of the downtown art scene. Chelsea was by no means the last stop, though. The art world has continued to grow at an unfathomable pace — to Hong Kong, Singapore, Seoul, Athens, Basel, Geneva, Paris, London, and parts in between.
Along the way, we meet other iconic dealers, each of whom is book-worthy in and of themselves. Pat Hearn, Colin de Land, Dick Bellamy, Marian Goodman, Gavin Brown, Matthew Marks, and Mary Boone, a powerhouse whose SoHo gallery helped launch the careers of Julian Schnabel, David Salle, Eric Fischl, Jean-Michel Basquiat, and others.
Cunning, visionary, and indefatigable, Ms. Boone loved celebrity, both hers and her artists'. Like Mr. Gagosian, she allied herself with Castelli, rising quickly to become one of the most talked-about gallerists in the world. But it hasn't always been smooth sailing. Pleading guilty to tax evasion, earlier this year she was sentenced to 30 months in prison.
To be clear, "Boom" is not a book about art. It's the story of the art market and its climb to stratospheric heights, its art fairs, auction houses, staggering prices, market strategies, and the winners and losers along the way. Forbes first began counting international billionaires in 1987. At that time the count was 140. By 2017 the number had soared to 2,043. The private-collection-turned-museum is almost de rigueur now, a marriage of contemporary art and real estate.
So, the ultimate question arises: Among the artists, collectors, and gallerists, whose legacy is it?
Janet Goleas is an artist, independent curator, and writer living in Springs.
Michael Shnayerson lives in Sag Harbor.


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Created attachment 117518 [details]
dmesg log from freeze with runpm=0
I have a Medion X7827 laptop with GK104 GPU in an Optimus setup, running:
Linux 4.1.2 x86_64
Mesa 10.6.2
Xorg 1.17.2
I've been experiencing some freezes:
- a total freeze (no ping, no sysrq, only hard reset) shortly after xorg start - if nouveau is loaded *without* runpm=0
- a recoverable freeze (sysrq+K worked) when exiting xorg - if nouveau is loaded *with* runpm=0
On #nouveau IRC channel I've been told to try the hack-gk106m branch of this repository: http://... , with runpm=0
At first I thought it helped, but then I noticed the freezez happen randomly.
When runpm=0 is set, the freeze has about 60% chance of happening. I've tested it with both in-tree nouveau.ko and one built from hack-gk106m branch, and looks like the chance is the same on both.
When the freeze happens, there's either a "HUB_INIT timed out" message or "grctx template channel unload timeout" message in dmesg.
If the freeze is to happen, the error message shows up at nouveau module load time, and then again when Xorg starts. Full logs in attachments.
I did mmiotraces of the nouveau.ko from hack-gk106m branch (can repeat with in-tree nouveau.ko if necessary), with runpm=0, for all of the cases:
- the driver loading succesfully
- the driver loading with HUB_INIT timeout error
- the driver loading with grctx timeout error
The traces and corresponding dmesg logs are in attachments. I have more traces, but included only one per case.
I did not try to start xorg and trigger the freeze during the mmiotraces, because:
a) I believe the problem happens at nouveau load time, when it tries to initialize the GPU
b) The traces compressed with `xz -9` barely fit in the max attachment size of bugzilla, if they were longer I doubt I could make them fit.
I hope these traces will be useful and help figure out why it sometimes works and sometimes doesn't, and how to make it always work.
Let me know if there's anything more I could to to help you figure this out.
Created attachment 117519 [details]
Xorg log from freeze with runpm=0
Created attachment 117520 [details]
netconsole log from freeze with default runpm setting
Created attachment 117521 [details]
Xorg log from freeze with default runpm settings
Created attachment 117522 [details]
journalctl output (kernel messages only) from freeze with default runpm settings
(In reply to wolf480 from comment #0)
> On #nouveau IRC channel I've been told to try the hack-gk106m branch of this
> repository: http://... , with runpm=0
I mean http://cgit.freedesktop.org/~darktama/nouveau/log/?h=hack-gk106m
Created attachment 117523 [details]
mmiotrace of successful nouveau initialization
Created attachment 117524 [details]
dmesg log from successful nouveau initialization
Created attachment 117525 [details]
lspci output
from successful nouveau initialization, dunno if that matters
Created attachment 117526 [details]
mmiotrace of nouveau loading with HUB_INIT timeout
Created attachment 117527 [details]
dmesg log from nouveau loading with HUB_INIT timeout
Created attachment 117528 [details]
mmiotrace of nouveau loading with grctx timeout
Created attachment 117529 [details]
dmesg log from nouveau loading with grctx timeout
I also did an mmiotrace of the proprietary nvidia driver being loaded when running nvidia-smi. Even compressed it doesn't fit in a bugzilla attachment, so I uploaded it here: https://www.dropbox.com/s/14mchinykvfqrg9/nvidia-trace.txt.xz?dl=1
Created attachment 117531 [details]
dmesg log from nvidia-smi with proprietary driver
the corresponding mmiotrace (over 3MiB compressed) is here:
Please try (a) kernel v4.3-rc7, and (b) kernel v4.3-rc7 booted with nouveau.config=War00C800_0=1
The former has an updated pgob protocol, the latter enables an additional workaround necessary for some laptops. If it works, we can whitelist your specific subdevice, so please provide the output from
lspci -vnn -d 10de::300
Update from OP on IRC: War00C800_0=1 makes it work
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation GK104M [GeForce GTX 870M] [10de:1199] (rev a1) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
Subsystem: Micro-Star International Co., Ltd. [MSI] Device [1462:1106]
-- GitLab Migration Automatic Message --
This bug has been migrated to freedesktop.org's GitLab instance and has been closed from further activity.
You can subscribe and participate further through the new bug through this link to our GitLab instance: https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/xorg/driver/xf86-video-nouveau/issues/207.
Use of freedesktop.org services, including Bugzilla, is subject to our Code of Conduct. How we collect and use information is described in our Privacy Policy.


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UNITED NATIONS - The UN Security Council on Friday "adopted by acclamation" a resolution to nominate incumbent UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon for a second five-year term, the Council president told reporters here. Noel Nelson Messone, Gabon's UN ambassador whose country holds the rotating Council presidency for the month of June, made the announcement to the press here after the 15-nation Security Council met behind closed doors to consider the recommendation for the appointment of the UN secretary-general.
The "Security Council adopted by acclamation the following resolution: Security Council, having considered the question of the recommendation for the appointment of the secretary-general of the United Nations, recommends to the General Assembly that Mr. Ban Ki-moon be appointed secretary-general of the United Nations for a second term of office from Jan. 1, 2012 to Dec. 31, 2016," Messone said.
Under the UN Charter, the secretary-general is appointed by the UN General Assembly upon the recommendation of the Security Council. The full UN General Assembly is expected to hold a formal vote next week, UN officials said.
Last week, Ban, a South Korean national, put himself forward for re-election as the secretary-general.
Ban's current term expires on Dec. 31, and he has no declared rival for the post. The 67-year-old former South Korean foreign minister succeeded Kofi Annan in January 2007.
His re-election bid won support from the five permanent members of the 15-nation Security Council, Britain, China, France, Russia and the United States, who have the veto power on the UN body.
Equal parts diplomats and advocate, civil servant and CEO, the secretary-general is a symbol of United Nations ideals and a spokesman for the interests of the world's peoples, in particular the poor and vulnerable.
The UN Charter describes the secretary-general as "chief administrative officer" of the world body, who shall act in the capacity and perform "such other functions as are entrusted" to him or her by the major UN agencies — the Security Council, General Assembly, Economic and Social Council and other UN organs.
The Charter also empowers the secretary-general to "bring to the attention of the Security Council any matter which in his opinion may threaten the maintenance of international peace and security." (Xinhua)


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This is THE place to find answers, ask questions and share advice. Register now to join the conversation!
We'll help you get started, and be sure to check out the Library; your go-to for how-tos.
May 2019
I'd love to have wifi calling and volte working on my device.
I've read that my device supports volte and wifi calling:
I have the switches in the network settings to enable these features.
I've also read in various Fido threads that Fido only enables volte and wifi calling features on phones with IMEIs in their database of fido sold phones:
In that thread i see you guys are adding users IMEI numbers to see if that helps to get the features working. I understand you won't fully support it on my device as it is not a fido device. But i'd love it if you could add my IMEI number so that I can experiment with using this feature.
Can you please add my IMEI number?
Thank you!
Solved! Go to Solution.
May 2019
Hello @bjarrett
I do wish that was possible, however I invite you check the solution from this thread here.
Adding the IMEI from a device that is not from Fido won't work since it doesn't exist in our system.
May 2019
May 2019
Can you not add the IMEI to your system? That is what I am asking for.
See the last reply to that thread:
May 2019
Hello Bjarrett,
Welcome to the community!
Unfortunately, even if it were possible, adding the IMEI of a device not offered by Fido will not allow voLTE or Wifi-calling for that device.
I believe the issue isn't that the IMEI is not on your account since the network registers the IMEI when your phone connects to the network. Otherwise, the whole premise of blacklisting IMEIs of stolen phones would not be possible. Rather, for voLTE and Wifi-calling to work, the IMEI needs to be in their inventory database. While there have been sparce instances where adding the IMEI has allowed those services to work, they were with phone models which were also sold by Fido (ie Canadian version of Samsung Galaxy series). Note that other versions (US, Global, etc) of those same models would not work. Also note that more recently, adding the IMEI of devices purchased from Samsung Canada has not allowed voLTE or Wifi-calling to work.
In your case (as well as the thread you referenced), Fido does not sell OnePlus devices. There is no way to even add that device to their inventory list, let alone its IMEI. You seem to have missed the solution to that thread as well as this other post in that thread.
Not what you're wanting to hear, but hope this helps 😀
May 2019
Hi Cawtau,
I have read the solution to that thread. But that is not a solution to the problem. It is the reason for the problem.
Yes, my IMEI is on the Fido network. That's great. I have working sms/standard calls/4g data, all of that's great.
You have a separate whitelist of IMEI's you are referring to as the Fido Inventory.
The problem is you guys have an anti-competitive policy which blocks off features that should be supported by any modern android device if they were not purchased through Fido and exist in Fido's inventory.
I understand my mileage may vary as sometimes you need carrier support in the firmware of the device. But that's not always the case. I'm sure some devices would work fine.
Add my phone as a Google Pixel 3 to your inventory. I'm sure it makes absolutely no difference what kind of device you claim it is.
I have been a Fido customer for over 10 years and I'm quite disappointed in this policy. I am currently researching if Telus will at least help to try and support this features on non-telus devices.
May 2019
Hello again,
Firstly, I don't work for Fido. I merely provide information to try to help people.
Do your research. People posting and replying in similar threads in these forums seem to believe that it's only Fido (and possibly Rogers) who limit those services. However, other sources suggest the other providers might be doing the same. Truth is, I don't know what is the policy of the other providers. This article suggests that at least one other provider also might have limited those services, until recently. Note however, the document to which they refer specifies that non-Telus refers to 'grey-market' or 'inter-carrier' devices, such as those purchased from another carrier (ie Bell or Rogers). I don't believe either sell or sold OnePlus devices.
Hope this helps 😀
May 2019
I do need to do more research regarding other Canadian providers. Its a sad state of affairs in Canada if this is common practice across Canadian carriers. Clearly the CRTC isn't doing their job well enough.
But it sounds like there's a chance Telus may be able to help where as you cannot help, and Fido most likely won't help.
Would be great to get a PM or another statement from a Fido employee.
May 2019
Hello again,
I apologise if my previous post has given you some false hope that those functions will work on your device with the other providers. I only provided that link as evidence that the other providers also restrict those functionalities on devices not purchased from said providers.
Yes, the article states that they will open up the service for devices not purchased from themselves. However, OnePlus is not on their list of eligible devices.
Perhaps the CRTC isn't doing enough to allow those services available on devices off their home provider network (or direct from manufacturer), but not only is your device non-Telus (or non-Fido, non-Rogers, non-Bell), it is also not certified for use on the networks. Sure, the basic services work, but for Wifi-calling and voLTE services to work properly, there needs to be collaboration between the device manufacturers and the providers. OnePlus would need to approach the mobile providers to have their devices tested and approved for use on the networks. As far as I am aware, they have only partnered with T-Mobile in the US. You might consider contacting OnePlus and request they start testing their devices on Canadian networks.
Have you had a chance to visit the OnePlus or other android forums? I have not found any instance where Wifi-calling and/or voLTE has worked on a OnePlus device in Canada. Perhaps, your device will be the first...
**edit** From a year ago, but see response from OnePlus support team here.**
May 2019
My goal of this thread is not necessarily to get these features working. That'd be great, but that's not exactly my expectation.
My goal of this thread is to have the service available to my device from Fido. To not have Fido be blocking the services from my device.
At that point, yes, the features may not still work, but that's okay. OnePlus devices have a great support community and then I can move on to asking the community or OnePlus for support to have the features functioning.
But until Fido stops blocking the service on my device there is no point. This is step 1.
Cawtau. Please stop replying to this thread. You are unable to help me with my goal mentioned above as you do not work for Fido.
As mentioned in my previous post. It would be great to get a PM or a reply with a statement from a Fido employee with knowledge on the topic.
May 2019
Hey @bjarrett!
We do appreciate all your feedback and we're always working on ensuring our customers can get the most our of their services.
At this time, Wi-Fi calling and VoLTE are available on select devices as long as they are purchased from Fido.
@Cawtau has covered the topic pretty thoroughly, if anything does come up in the future we'll be sure to keep everyone updated.


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IFA Seeks $300 Billion to Offset Small Business Losses
Without assistance, between 8,000 and 10,000 restaurants are at risk.
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The Morning Call
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|THE NEIGHBORHOOD ARCHIVE - All Things Mister Rogers
Episode 1604
Mister Rogers arrives with a new game made by his friends. The board game is based on the Neighborhood of Make-Believe and challenges players to take take the various Neighborhood characters to their respective homes. Setting up the game, Mister Rogers plays for a moment before taking a phone call from Suzie McConnell -- a basketball player who will be stopping by for a visit.
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In the Neighborhood of Make-Believe, King Friday, Bob Dog, and Lady Aberlin are wearing their new king-woman-dog-boy-girl-reindeer-tiger team uniforms. Despite the fun that the team will have, Queen Sara declines an invitation to join the team. Taking Daniel's uniform to him at the clock, Lady Aberlin explains that sometimes clothes are called "outfits." Daniel suggests that they ask X and Henrietta to join the team -- an invitation they accept after a small amount of persuasion. At the castle, the new team comes together -- the pussycat-owl-king-woman-dog-boy-girl-reindeer-tiger team.
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Appearing In This Episode
Episode Credits
With Fred Rogers
Produced in association with WQED/Pittsburgh
This site is best viewed using the most current version of Google Chrome.
Content copyright © The Fred Rogers Company. Used with permission.
Corner image by Spencer Fruhling. Used with permission.
Do not duplicate or distribute any material from this site without the consent of The Fred Rogers Company.


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ILO Global estimate of forced labour
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Debian developers have been discussing what to many seems like a rather unorthodox idea of not allowing questions/answers following presentations at their annual DebConf conference. This idea of banning questions and answers follows a policy by a Python conference that forbids questions/answers following presentations and is meant to help ease newcomers.
Debian developers have largely rejected this idea of not allowing Q&A periods following presentations at DebConf considering this annual gathering of developers/contributors is about collaboration and fostering new ideas for this leading Linux distribution. The idea though was brought up by Debian Project Leader Chris Lamb who initiated the discussion over this idea after seeing the PyCascades Python conference has explicitly banned question and answer sessions following presentations at their conference.
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Symphonic Band
Friday, February 7, 2020 at 7:30pm
Pick-Staiger Concert Hall
Shawn Vondran, conductor; Taimur Sullivan, saxophone
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Paul Dukas, Fanfare pour précéder La Péri
Joel Puckett, Fanfares for Friends
Jules Pegram, Concerto for Alto Saxophone and Wind Ensemble
Yasuhide Ito, Gloriosa
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