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Scooby Specialist
Member#: 287783
Join Date: Jul 2011
Chapter/Region: RMIC
Location: COLORADOVehicle:
08 predator evo X
ETS FMIC vs COBB FMIC (GR Hatch)
Hi all, are there any users in here whom have a 2011-2014 WRX/STI that have either of these FMIC options fitted? Need some insight and help please!
Here is what I can tell after contacting both companies.
- Largest core avail
- Supports most intakes including CAI intakes
- Retains fog lights
- Multiple core colors and pipe options
- Requires trimming (more than Cobb, not sure?)
- Relocates washer fluid
- Removes crash beam (no replacement)
- Minimal instructions with no cutting template
- Large core size
- Unknown to intakes other than Cobb SF (looks like many COULD fit?)
- Retains fog lights on 11+
- Comes with new crash beam
- Relocates coolant reservoir (must purchase replacement)
- Comes with trimming template for bumper
- Good instructions and walk through
I am honestly so torn on both. I REALLY would like to use a CAI, I currently have an AEM but could buy a new one no problem. I would like to trim as little as possible on bumper and retain fogs.
Any ideas and or suggestions from you all would be GREATLY appreciated!!!
Scooby Newbie
Member#: 338117
Join Date: Nov 2012
Chapter/Region: SCICVehicle:
2013 WRX Hatch
I subbed for some feedback as well. I am in the same boat as you and cannot decide between these products. I even have the same intake as you. I am skewed toward the cobb because it retains some type of crash beam. However, the ETS seams to be the standard all others are held to.
Scooby Specialist
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Chapter/Region: South East
Location: America's PenisVehicle:
Ive been in decision making mode on what FMIC for months now and finally chose recently. I guess Ill share my thinking on this. Note from the future; this post got long.
First and foremost, I know the OP mentions WRX & STI but they are not interchangeable in this instance. Because of the differences in turbo and intake manifold both the hot and cold piping on these are different. Even beyond that, there are subtle differences between the WRX and STI variants of each. For example, the Cobb features mentions changing the coolant overflow; i dont think the WRX version requires that though (the install manual shows a picture of it installed with the stock overflow).
I will also say that the cores on both of these are massive. ETS is bigger for sure, especially if you opt for something crazy like the 4 thick variant. Even the Cobb intercooler is very large though. Big enough that neither is really a great option for someone daily driving around with the stock turbo. Youre already adding several feet of piping to fill, and with those huge cores, youre trading heat soak sometimes for laggy, sluggish response all the time. Bigger is not always better here.
Despite the massive core, I think the ETS actually requires less trimming to fit, so thats a positive for sure.
The lack of a crash bar is a strike against driving around your daily on the ETS version. The Cobb intercooler includes one that is better than nothing. Still not great and I doubt an adjuster would look favorably on it if you ever get into a front end accident.
The Cobb FMIC should work (I think) with almost any intake in the market, including their intake box; I think its the only option if you are running that. Im sure there are exceptions for both so safest is to run the same brand intake with either or do your due diligence and find someone that has used with the one you have.
ETS comes with T-bolt clamps; Cobb with worm gear. I consider that a minus for the Cobb kit but probably less than other people do. They work fine and if I really get the urge for t-bolts, I can grab a Perrin clamp kit for $35 or so.
For me, Im running a 440xt (20g abouts) and am floating the idea of going to an FP green or similar in the future. I still find both of these intercooler cores to be way oversized for my taste. Im opting for the Cobb hot & cold piping because Im running the Cobb SRI with the box, but am going to use a separate, more appropriately sized core from a different manufacturer. Fingers crossed, Ill be able to keep trimming to a minimum and hopefully keep my crash bar. If not Speed Faction sells replacement bars or Ill have my guy weld me a replacement that is as beefy as we can fit.
Id never have even considered a front mount when I was using it for commuting but shes been relegated to garage queen status for retirement so I have fewer qualms about the downsides.
Just my .02 cents...
Scooby Specialist
Member#: 287783
Join Date: Jul 2011
Chapter/Region: RMIC
Location: COLORADOVehicle:
08 predator evo X
Thank you buddy. I am going to attach pictures at the bottom of this post of both the ETS and COBB showing intake placement. I have almost confirmed that the AEM will work with COBB. I can confirm it will with ETS. Same strikes for me. I want a crash bar.
Scooby Specialist
Member#: 287783
Join Date: Jul 2011
Chapter/Region: RMIC
Location: COLORADOVehicle:
08 predator evo X
You have attributed a ton of value to this post for potential eyes.
Yes, you are correct and glad you mention the differences between WRX and STI - that is first and foremost. I was mainly trying to seek any owner I could as far as experience.
I am looking and think you are correct about ETS requiring LESS trimming. I can not confirm. But with the Cobb you get clear directions and a template. ETS is just snow and go. Not really a bad thing. It seems the 3 ETS requires almost 0 trimming and is good for 550hp, the 3.5 for 800+ and 4 for 1000 plus based on their communication. COBB is still plenty large and rated at 850.
Thank you for all the mentions as well as crash beam reference!!
Scooby Specialist
Member#: 287783
Join Date: Jul 2011
Chapter/Region: RMIC
Location: COLORADOVehicle:
08 predator evo X
Something to note
COBB shows potential area for additional intakes.
ETS shows use of AEM and room for other intakes.
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Bible Commentaries
Expository Notes of Dr. Thomas Constable
Isaiah 1
Verse 1
1. The title of the book1:1
The book claims Isaiah as its author. His name summarizes the revelation of the book, namely, that it is Yahweh who saves. Obadiah was the only other writing prophet who described his book as a vision. This unusual title stresses that what Isaiah wrote reflects reality accurately; he saw it. This word does not mean that everything that Isaiah wrote is what he saw in one or more visions. Though unstated, this vision (the prophecies that constitute this book) came from God. According to Jewish tradition Isaiah"s father, Amoz (not the prophet Amos), was the brother of King Amaziah, Uzziah"s father, which would have made Isaiah King Uzziah"s cousin. Isaiah ministered in and to the people of Jerusalem and Judah, but he saw them as the real Israel since they lived under the Davidic kings, in contrast to the residents of the Northern Kingdom of Israel. The kings of Judah mentioned ruled from792-686 B.C.
Verse 2-3
God Himself charged the Israelites with their sin. He called the heavens and earth to witness His indictment against His people (cf. Deuteronomy 30:19; Deuteronomy 32:1). His people had not only violated His covenant but common decency and good sense. Isaiah"s references to the Mosaic Covenant were less explicit than Jeremiah"s were, though both men viewed the covenant as the basis of Israelite life.
It was unthinkable that children should revolt against a loving father who nurtured them. Even stupid oxen and donkeys know their master, but the Israelites did not realize who cared for them. The Israelites made animals look intelligent.
Verses 2-9
2. Israel"s condition1:2-9
Israel was guilty of forsaking her God and, as a result, she had become broken and desolate.
Verses 4-9
The prophet amplified God"s charge and proved it by referring to Israel"s condition. He lamented that Israel"s state was the logical outcome of her behavior.
"The interjection "ah" [ Isaiah 1:4] (the Hebrew word [hoy] is sometimes translated "woe") was a cry of mourning heard at funerals (see 1 Kings 13:30; Jeremiah 22:18-19; Amos 5:16). When Isaiah"s audience heard this word, images of death must have appeared in their minds." [Note: Robert B. Chisholm Jeremiah , Handbook on the Prophets, p15.]
God"s people had forsaken the Holy One of Israel, "the transcendent God, who is wholly separate from the frailty and finiteness of Creation (his majesty-holiness), and wholly separate from the sinfulness and defilement of man (his purity-holiness)." [Note: Gleason L. Archer Jeremiah , " Isaiah ," in The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p609.] Israel was consequently experiencing the destructive results of her sin in national disease and in political and social catastrophes ( Isaiah 1:5-6; cf. Isaiah 53:4-10; Deuteronomy 27-30). It was customary in Isaiah"s day for people to squeeze the puss out of a wound, to pull a cut together with a bandage, and to pour olive oil on sores to aid healing. [Note: Young, 1:51-52.]
Isaiah moved from describing Israel as a sick and injured body to a desolate, conquered land ( Isaiah 1:7-9; cf. Leviticus 26; Deuteronomy 28-29). The description "daughter of Zion" ( Isaiah 1:8) emphasizes that God feels about His wayward people as a father feels about his daughter. He loves her, has committed himself to protecting her, and takes pains to guard her from all evil and danger.
Many Israelite families lived in villages but built little shelters in their fields and camped there during the harvest season. After the harvest these little shacks looked pitiful, abandoned, useless, and deteriorating. Unless the LORD of armies had preserved a few faithful in Judah, as He preserved Lot and his family, He would have destroyed the nation as He destroyed Sodom and Gomorrah ( Isaiah 1:10; cf. Genesis 19; Romans 9:29).
All the writing prophets except Ezekiel ,, Joel ,, Obadiah , and Jonah used the title "LORD of Hosts" ("LORD Almighty") to stress that Yahweh has numberless assistants who are ready and able to carry out His bidding (cf. 2 Kings 6:15-18). This is also the first reference in Isaiah to the remnant, the faithful few in Israel who formed a distinct group within the apostate nation. This remnant constitutes a significant group and motif in the book.
Verse 10
Even though God had not yet destroyed Jerusalem as He had Sodom and Gomorrah, the city was like those corrupt towns in that the people and their rulers had turned from God"s holy standard. The people needed to heed the instruction (Heb. torah) of their God.
Verses 10-20
3. God"s solution1:10-20
The prophet laid out two alternatives for the people to choose between in relating to God in their pitiful condition. They could continue to rely on religious ritual (cult) to manipulate God ( Isaiah 1:10-15), or they could change their ways and live morally and ethically pure lives ( Isaiah 1:16-17). The choice was theirs ( Isaiah 1:18-20).
Verses 11-15
The Israelites tended to fall into a pattern of thinking that religious ritual and their pagan neighbors" worship encouraged. They thought that going through the motions of worshipping God exactly as He specified satisfied Him. They forgot that God intended their ceremonies to be symbolic of their attitude toward Him. Their attitude to Him was more important than their flawless performance of worship rituals. Even their prayers would be ineffective if their attitude to God was not right ( Isaiah 1:15). We have the same problem today. This passage repeats descriptions of the Israelites" worship so often that the reader gets tired of them, just as God did. Hands full of bloodshed ( Isaiah 1:15) is a figure of guilt for abusing others. [Note: Franz Delitzsch, Biblical Commentary on the Prophecies of Isaiah , 1:95.]
Verse 16-17
Having shown what God does not want, Isaiah now told the people what He does want (cf. Isaiah 66:1-4; Isaiah 66:17). His demands are short and simple in contrast to the elaborate rituals described above (cf. Deuteronomy 10:12-13; Micah 6:8). Three negative commands relate to the past and five positive ones to the future. Washing ( Isaiah 1:16) is symbolic of repenting (cf. Acts 2:38; Acts 13:24; Titus 3:5).
"The passage clearly reveals a concern over the social injustices of the time. Such social injustices, however, could only be corrected by a change of heart upon the part of individuals." [Note: Young, 1:74.]
Verses 18-20
The wisdom of obeying God1:18-20
The Lord now challenged Israel to a formal trial. In the light of Israel"s condition ( Isaiah 1:2-17), there was only one reasonable course of action. The Israelites could continue as they were and be destroyed, or submit to God"s will and be blessed. If they were disposed to consent and obey, God would again bless them with fertility (cf. Isaiah 1:3). If they decided to refuse and rebel, He would allow their enemies to defeat and destroy them. Behavioral change, the fruit of repentance, needed to demonstrate an attitude of repentance. It always does.
Verses 21-23
The depth of Judah"s apostasy1:21-23
Spiritual rot had penetrated even the capital of Israel, and what marked Jerusalem characterized the whole nation. The people, seen in the personification of their capital, who had formerly been devoted to the Lord, had become unfaithful to Him by pursuing other gods. Former glories were now tarnished, and what was once strong was now weak. The leaders of the nation, who formerly had been pure and valuable, were now adulterated and cheap. Rather than serving the people, they served themselves. Idolatry had led to social injustice, as it always does unless checked.
Verses 21-31
4. Israel"s response1:21-31
While God"s invitation to repent was genuine ( Isaiah 1:16-20), the nation had so thoroughly departed from Him that repentance was not forthcoming and discipline was inevitable. The prophet bemoaned the depth of Israel"s apostasy and announced that the Lord would have to purify His people in the furnace of affliction before they would become what He intended them to be. The structural form of Isaiah 1:21-26 is palistrophic, with Isaiah 1:23-24 forming the center and focal point of the chiasm.
Verses 24-26
The announcement of judgment1:24-26
Isaiah"s unusual three-fold description of God as the sovereign (Lord) God of armies (hosts), who is the Mighty God of Israel, boded ill for Judah. Isaiah crowded together more names of God in Isaiah 1:24 than he did anywhere else (cf. Isaiah 3:1; Isaiah 3:15; Isaiah 10:6; Isaiah 10:33; Isaiah 19:4). The specter of God arising to judge His people for their sins just mentioned is a fearful prospect (cf. Hebrews 12:29). God judges sin wherever He finds it, among pagans and among His own people.
"Any facile statement that God always hates the sin but loves the sinner needs to be countered by Isaiah"s insistence that those who transgress are my foes and my enemies." [Note: Motyer, p49.]
God would subject His people to fires of adversity, but only to purify them, not destroy them. Just rulers would emerge and the city would once again enjoy a reputation for righteousness and faithfulness to God. This is the first allusion in Isaiah to a coming Judge who will establish justice and create righteous conditions, about whom the prophet revealed much more later. The restoration described here will find fulfillment in the millennial reign of Christ.
Verses 27-31
The fate of the wicked1:27-31
Even though Zion (a poetic synonym for Jerusalem) will experience redemption by God"s justice and righteousness ( Isaiah 1:25-26), the Lord will destroy individuals who continue in their sins and do not repent. This is the first occurrence of "redemption" as well as "Zion" in Isaiah , both of which received considerable attention from this prophet. The Israelites had turned to objects of idolatry ("oaks") and places of idolatry ("gardens," Isaiah 1:29), and in doing so had forsaken the Lord. God had chosen Israel, but Israel had chosen a tree! It is impossible to turn from the Lord and not turn to an idol. God"s people would feel betrayed because of their choice one day (cf. Isaiah 29:3; Isaiah 45:7; Psalm 34:5; Psalm 119:6). Those who consider themselves strong and self-sufficient, as oaks and gardens, but rely on the creation rather than the Creator to sustain them-will wither and dry up ( Isaiah 1:30). Both they and their works will inevitably burn in the fires of God"s judgment, like felled trees.
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A trial attorney said that the jury's long deliberation time and request to clarify the concept of "reasonable doubt" in Bill Cosby's trial could possibly result in a mistrial.
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After the jurors announced that they were unable to reach a unanimous decision on Thursday morning, a judge sent them back to continue trying to settle on a verdict. By the end of Friday, the jurors had spent nearly 50 hours deliberating the case.
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Friday, July 18, 2008
One of the things that is hard about living in so many places, and getting to sample different cultures and ways of life is that there is so much to miss.
Sometimes that feels a little overwhelming. I feel split between what I want to do and where I want to be. I may have to erase my screen saver shots...they aren't good for morale.
6 comments:
- Beth said...
But they make for great memories - and you can always go back.
(Beautiful screen savers...)
- July 18, 2008 at 2:43:00 PM PDT
- elPadawan said...
Pictures! You managed to put them online?! Woohoo! :)
- July 18, 2008 at 7:21:00 PM PDT
- oreneta said...
Beth, they are lovely screen savers, and you're right we can go back. It is mostly good, it's just that we've been here a month (I think) and the man doesn't come for another three weeks....la la la la la......
elPadawan: I KNOW!!! though I ripped them off my screen saver....I can gt into my already published Picasa pictures, but nothing that is in my camera....next week we move to a different house, and I am crossing my fingers that their computer will me better than this one....one more week...I am also going to borrow a different laptop from work and see what I can do with it...maybe, just maybe, I can make it work....if not....a whole lot of photos in Spetember when I finally get my machine back. Bah blah blah...
Hey do you know where to go for bubble tea in this town? I used to go o Pho Hung, but they don't sell it anymore....
- July 18, 2008 at 8:35:00 PM PDT
Beautiful pictures.... priceless memories! I hope to one day take several years off and experience the cruising lifestyle for a few years, too.
You can go back, it may not be in your timetable just yet.
Being apart from your DH is hard, I've done it 3 or 4 times when we moved around, too. Transition can be challenging!
- July 20, 2008 at 10:00:00 AM PDT
- elPadawan said...
As I said... Linux! Portable Firefox! 'n stuff. Well, you probably can't do anything about the network at work if it's too crappy. For Bubble Tea, I usually go to a Teashop 168. Don't go to the one on Queen St West, though, last time I asked for a Longan Meat bubble tea, there was no fruit in it, just way too sweet syrup.
- July 23, 2008 at 5:54:00 AM PDT
I think about that every time I think I would like to move to a foreign land. If we went to Australia, (it has been mentioned through the years) we miss the family and friends we have here and the little ones growing up. Then to move back, we would miss all the friendships developed there and the things we really like about the place, like the weather. Part of what keeps me home.
- July 24, 2008 at 10:40:00 PM PDT


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"Extra's" Renee Bargh caught up with John Legend on the first night of "The Voice" finale, where he opened up about his late friend Nipsey Hussle and more.
Legend, Nipsey and DJ Khaled had collaborated on the song "Higher" together, filming the music video just days before Hussle was shot and killed outside his Marathon clothing store in L.A. in March.
The song is featured on Khaled's new album "Father of Asahd," and John and DJ Khaled performed it on the "Saturday Night Live" finale over the weekend.
Legend told Renee, "It was important for all of us. You know, DJ Khaled put us together on this song, which was really beautiful. [Nipsey] was telling a lot of his story, his family's story. Little did we know that three days after we filmed the video his life would be taken so quickly. To honor him and donate the proceeds to his family is a beautiful thing for Khaled to do and I am happy to be a part of it."
While they were in the Big Apple, John's 3-year-old daughter Luna spent some time on the famous "SNL" stage, and his wife Chrissy Teigen posted a video of the toddler saying, "Live from New York."
John shared, "I think Lorne [Michaels] should be booking Chrissy first because she should be hosting the show." He added, "Luna has a lot of her mom's personality traits, so who knows what will happen with her in the future." He went on, "She loves music she's funny, she's very vibrant and communicative, which is exciting around the house."
As for "The Voice," John is not worried about his one contestant going up against Blake Shelton's three artists, "Oh, he knows Maelyn [Jarmon] is a formidable challenge." Insisting, "America has fallen in love with her voice and rightfully so."
"The Voice" will crown a winner tonight on NBC.


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Diseases and Conditions
HIB Vaccine
HIB Vaccine
Nitin Shah
Disease Spectrum of Hib Infection?
Hib infection usually leads to invasive disease like meningitis, epiglottitis, pneumonitis, cellulitis, arthritis, septicemia etc. Of the invasive H. influenzae infections in children, 99% are due to type b and rarely due to type a or other non- typeable H. influenzae organisms.
Various studies show that 15- 20% of cases of ALRI and 30- 40 % cases of pyogenic meningitis are due to Hib infection
Non-type b & non - capsulated H. influenza infection commonly lead to upper respiratory tract infections, otitis media, sinusitis, chronic respiratory tract infection and other non- invasive infections especially in children> 7 years of age.
Hib infection is most commonly seen in children < 5 years of age. The mean age of onset is 6-24 months after which it declines gradually till 5 years. 95% of Hib infections occur before 5 years of age.
Higher the incidence of Hib in community, earlier is the age of onset, more is the chance of meningitis and less is the chance of epiglottitis. In developed countries 10% of Hib disease occurs before 6 months of age, 40% by 1 year and 75% by 2 years. In developing countries 45% of total Hib infections occur by 6 months of age and 65 - 75 % by 1 year. This has a bearing on the immunization strategy, as earlier the age of onset (like in India), earlier should be the completion of 3 primary doses of Hib vaccine.
Burden of H. Influenza B Infections
Annual incidence of Hib meningitis varies from country to country. It varies from 35 - 300 cases / 1,00,000 children <5 years of age. In developed countries it is low, like in USA before universal Hib immunization, it was 60 - 70/1,00,000 children <5 years of age and in Europe 35/100,000 children <5 years of age. In developing countries, it is higher e. g. in Alaska it is 300/100,000 children <5 years of age.
In the west, of the total cases of invasive Hib disease, 40-75% present with meningitis, 25 % with epiglottitis and 25% with rest of the illnesses. Higher the incidence, higher is the rate of meningitis and lower is epiglottitis. In India, IDIS study has shown that of the total cases of Hib diseases, 66% present as meningitis, 7% as pneumonitis, 7% as skin and soft tissue infections, 7% as sepsis and rest as other manifestations.
Exact incidence of Hib in Indian community is not known. Looking at the world experience it is likely to be as high as the other developing countries. There are two problems in our country. First is lack of community based data and second is lack of laboratory facilities to culture Hib as Hib is a fastidious organism to grow.
In a study from Pune, Maharashtra it was shown that protective levels of anti PRP antibodies (>0.15 mcg/ml) were present in 20% of children by 1 year of age, 35% by 3 years and 80% by 5 years. It suggests the pattern of natural, clinical or subclinical infection and immunity acquired at different ages. Yet, majority of them are not protected in the early months or years of life.
There are only hospital- based data available, which suggest that 15-40 % of cases of pyogenic meningitis and 7-15% of cases of lobar pneumonia in children are due to Hib infection. There are reports of occasional cases of invasive H. influenzae disease caused by type a or other non-typeable strains. In children, more then 95% of cases of invasive H.influenza disease are due to Hib. The data from India shows similar pattern as seen in Europe before mass vaccination there. In such case, extrapolation of their data to India, estimates the incidence of Hib meningitis to be 60-80/100,000 children <5 years of age in India.
Severity of HIB Infection
Hib leads to very severe infections at a very young age. The case fatality rate of Hib meningitis in developed countries is 2-4% but that in developing countries is as high as 30 -40% or even nearly 100% depending on drug resistance and type of drug used primarily.
The long-term sequelae of meningitis and epiglottitis are also high. Post meningitis sequelae are seen in 15- 30% of cases in the form of deafness or blindness or severe neurological damage etc.
HIB Carrier State
Newborns are protected against Hib by maternal antibodies for first few months of life. After that the child coming in contact with Hib develops nasopharyngeal carrier state from where it can spread and lead to invasive Hib disease or spread to other susceptible hosts in community.
The carrier state in developed countries is estimated to be 2-3 % and in developing countries 5- 10 %. In day care centers it can reach as high 20-30%. In family contacts of index case it is 10-12%.
After effective immunization, the carrier rate has decreased from 6 % to 1.5 % in some studies.
Drug Resistant HIB In India
Before 1984, studies suggested almost 100% sensitivity of Hib to common antibiotics. Since then many reports have shown emergence of multi-drug resistant strains to the tune of 40-60% of total Hib cases. However, all of them appear to be sensitive to 3rd generation cephalosporins at present. The drug resistance appears to be mediated by R plasmid. It appears to be uniform all over the country.
Different Generations of HIB Vaccines
First generation of
Hib vaccine
contained the PRP (Poly Ribosiyl Polysaccharide) antigen. PRP per se leads to non-T dependent type of immune response characterized by IgM type of antibody, which are lower in magnitude, shorter lasting, without any T cell memory and like other polysaccharide vaccines not immunogenic below 18 months of age.
Since 1987, 2nd generation of Hib vaccines are available where the PRP hapten is conjugated (linked) with a carrier protein. This, so as to say, fools the T cell and leads to T cell dependent response characterized by IgG type of antibodies which is of higher magnitude, long lasting and has T cell memory. It is also immunogenic from 6 weeks to 8 weeks of age & hence can be used at an early age when it is actually required the most.
Different Types of 2nd Generation of HIB Vaccines
The principal antigen in all the 2nd generation
Hib vaccine
is PRP antigen. Depending on the carrier protein to which it is conjugated there are four different vaccines as shown below. Of these HbOC and PRP- T vaccines are available in India.
Carrier Protein
Type of linkage
1) PRP-T (Hibest, Act Hib, Hiberix)
Polysaccharide large
15 mcg Polysaccharide 10 mcg
Tetanus toxoid 20 mcg Tetanus toxoid 30 mcg
6 carbon carbodiimide condensation
2) HbOC (Hibtitre)
Oligosaccharide 10 mcg
CRM 197 + Variant of Diphtheria toxin 25 mcg
3) PRP-OMP (Pedvax)
Polysaccharide medium 15 mcg
Group B meningo Coccus outer membrane protein vesicle 250 mcg
4) PRP-D (Prohibit)
Polysaccharide medium 25 mcg
Diphtheria toxoid
6 carbon
Hib Vaccines Available
Hib vaccines are available as mono dose or as 10-dose containing multidose vial. HbOC is available as ready to use liquid while PRP-T is available as lyophilized powder with diluent available separately. Diluent used is distilled water or normal saline. The dose given is 0.5ml per dose. The cost of one dose varies from Rs 400-500 at present.
Storage and Method of Administration
Hib vaccine is given intramuscularly over the anterolateral aspect of the thigh or the deltoid region.
Hib vaccine is stored between 2-8
C. It should never be frozen and should be discarded if frozen by mistake. The shelf life is for 2 years if stored properly. It should not be stored in the door compartment. Even the diluent should be kept at 2-80C.
Antibody Response to HIB Vaccine
As discussed before, unconjugated PRP vaccine leads to IgM type anti-PRP antibody and conjugate vaccine leads to IgG type anti- PRP antibody. These can be detected by Farr type RIA or ELISA.
Anti-PRP antibody levels> 0.15 mcg/ml are protective against Hib for short period and level> 1.0 mcg/ml suggest long term protection.
Antibody level following each vaccine: The comparative studies show the following results in table 2.
Anti PRP antibody levels in mcg/ml
HbOC >0.15 >1.0
>0.15 >1.0
82% 19%
82% 10%
98% 40%
91% 90%
85% 17%
100% 45%
98% 90%
92% 63%
92% 48%
58% 29%
Which Vaccine to Use?
Primary vaccination: Only conjugate vaccines should be used for primary vaccination. PRP -T or HbOC are both equally effective and safe and any one of them can be used. The efficacy at the end of 3 doses is>95%. Protective antibody levels are achieved with 2 doses of PRP- T and 3 doses of HbOC. However, chances of breakthrough infection before completion of 3 doses have been found to be higher with HbOC than PRP-T in some studies.
PRP- D is the least immunogenic vaccine and is not licensed in USA for use in primary vaccination. PRP-OMP vaccine was found to have batch to batch variability. In addition, the antibody titres at the end of 3 doses were not as good as with PRP- T or HbOC as only 40% children develop titre> 1.0 mcg/ml. The advantage of PRP-OMP is that the antibody titers> 0.15 mcg/ml are achieved after first dose itself in 90% of vaccinees giving immediate protection and reducing the chances of breakthrough infection. Hence many studies have suggested using PRP-OMP as first dose so that immediate protection starts. This has to be followed by 2nd and 3rd dose of PRP-T or HbOC so as to achieve good titres at the end of the schedule.
Booster dose: Any of the 4 Vaccines can be used for booster dose.
Schedule of Hib Vaccine
For a child less than 6 months, 3 primary doses are necessary. The first dose can be given at 6 weeks along with OPV/DPT and subsequent 2 doses at 4 weeks interval along with subsequent OPV/DPT. One can also keep 2 months gap between the doses. But giving the 3 doses at 6, 10and 14 weeks will complete the vaccination faster and protect earlier. One booster will be necessary between 15-18 months of age.
For children between 6 months to 12 months: 2 primary doses at 4-8 weeks interval are given followed by a booster at 15-18 months of age. For children between 12-15 months only single primary dose is given followed by a booster at 15-18 months of age. If a child present beyond 15 months till 15 years of age, only one dose is given straight as the booster dose. It is usually not given after 5 years of age.
Delayed dose: There is no need to restart the schedule if a dose is delayed or missed. One should just complete the age appropriate schedule of remaining vaccines. However, one is not protected well till one has completed the recommended schedule. Hence, delay in vaccination is not desirable.
Booster dose: As we have seen before,> 90% of vaccinees achieve a titre of>1.0 mcg/ml after 3 primary doses giving long term protection till 15-18 months of age. In 10-50% of them, the titre falls to <0.15 mcg/ml or less than the minimum protective level by 18 months. If a booster is given at 15 -18 months of age the titre rises by 30-90 fold in all of them and reaches levels as high as 40 mcg/ml. Hence a booster is recommended at 15-18 months of age.
Can You Use the Vaccines Interchangeably?
Studies have shown that sero-response is same when the same vaccine is used all throughout or when they are interchanged to complete the course. In fact, some studies have shown better sero-response when different vaccines were used one after another. As we saw before, PRP- OMP leads to protective antibody titre after first dose itself so that protection starts early. This, when followed by 2nd and 3rd dose of PRP-T/HbOC, leads to a better and long term protection at the end of 3 doses. Hence, these studies recommend using PRP-OMP as first dose and PRP-T/ HbOC for the 2nd and 3rd doses.
Again studies have shown equal if not better response when another vaccine is used as booster as compared to original vaccine used for primary doses.
In short, the vaccines can be used interchangeably both for primary as well as booster doses.
Hib Vaccine Side Effects
Local reactions can occur like redness (16%), swelling (16%), pain (27%), etc. They are more common with first dose than with subsequent doses. Systemic side effects seen include fever (5-10%), which is mild and lasts for 24 hours, excessive crying, fussiness, irritability (30%), vomiting (5%), drowsiness, anorexia (20%), diarrhea etc. Rarely anaphylaxis can occur like with any other vaccine
Can You Use Other Vaccines together With HIB Vaccine?
With need to use so many vaccines during early infancy, one has to use more than two vaccines together. Hib can be given along with other vaccines such as OPV/DPT/HBV at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age. However they should be given at different sites using separate syringes.
Some studies have been carried out including in India, where Hib and DPT have been mixed in the same syringe and given, with the same or better response to Hib than when given at individual sites. The response to DPT especially anti-tetanus toxoid antibodies and the pertussis agglutinins have been shown to be less when the vaccines are mixed but still the levels are above protective levels.
Of late combination vaccines containing DPT plus Hib are available. DPT+HbOC is available as ready to use solution (Tetramune). DPT + PRP-T is available separately as DPT liquid in ampoule and PRP-T as lyophilized powder in a bulb. One has to dissolve the PRP-T powder in the DPT liquid to make PRP-T + DPT vaccine, just before the injection (TetraHibest). The studies have shown that such combination vaccines produce same if not better anti PRP antibody titres than when given simultaneously but at different sites. Even anti Tetanus, anti Pertussis and anti Diphtheria antibody titres are same with combination vaccine as when given separately. The side effects are also not more with combination vaccines. The advantage of combination vaccines are many like timely completion of schedule, less number of visits to the doctor, less number of pricks to the child, less space & cost of transportation & storage and better compliance from parents. Hence, whenever available such combinations should be used.
In western world, combinations like IPV+DPT+Hep B or IPV+DPT+Hib or even IPV+DPT+Hib+Hep B are available as penta or hexavalent vaccines. They have shown similar efficacy and side effects as when given separately.
Studies are done on such combination containing acellular pertussis instead of whole cell pertussis in DPT combined with Hib, Hepatitis B or both with/without IPV. Initial studies showed poor anti PRP and anti Tetanus response when such combinations of acellular DPT were used as primary doses. Later studies have shown equally good response with DPaT as with DPwT containing combination vaccines used for primary vaccination. As booster, DPaT containing combination vaccines are as good if not better as DPwT containing combination vaccines.
One word of caution while using the combination vaccines- One should use the same brand of DPT and Hib recommended by the manufacturer in combination and not any DPT with any Hib
Vaccine Failure
Poor cold chain maintenance can be one of the reasons for poor response. True failure is seen in <3-5% of cases. The cases include poor choice of vaccine (e.g. PRP-D), immune compromised host or breakthrough infection occurring before the schedule can be completed.
Nitin Shah
HIB Vaccine
HIB Vaccine
Contributor Information and Disclosures
Nitin Shah
Consultant Pediatrician, Hinduja Hospital, Mumbai, India
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Hib Vaccine - Patient Education
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Almost a year after the opening of Germany's Bavaria office in Iran, Tehran Chamber of Commerce, Industries, Mines and Agriculture opened its Munich office, TCCIMA news portal reported.
On the fourth day of an Iranian delegation's visit to the European country, TCCIMA President Masoud Khansari and head of the Association of the Bavarian Economy, Bertram Brossardt attended the opening ceremony of the chamber's office in Munich.
The southern state of Bavaria is Germany's biggest state, hosting many industries, including BMW, Audi and Siemens.
A year after the opening of #Bavaria office in Iran,
#Tehran Chamber of Commerce Opens #Munich office https://t.co/y4Zqs4EoVd pic.twitter.com/3vJjDiRCKx
— Financial Tribune (@Fintribune) November 25, 2016


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Our products have become the international benchmark for the care and protection of leather upholstery and in some cases have been used in the setting of official standards for this sector. All Pellé products are formulated at our Timaru facility and independently batch tested against international standards by LASRA (New Zealand Leather and Shoe Research Association) ensuring ongoing quality.
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All Pellè products are biodegradable and safe for disposal in public water systems. All packaging is recyclable and we are continually seeking new ways to minimise the packaging requirements of our products.


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Tony Robinson on the top five superstitions that gripped medieval Britain. Ancient Britons didn't despatch people willy-nilly, but in times of crisis – if a whole community was rocked by plague, say – then they might decide to sacrifice somebody as a way of bartering with the gods. In some cases, a wicker pyre in the shape of a man would be stuffed with animals and even human offerings. We can trace this practice back to Celtic times. The Celts saw the world in which they lived as crammed full of gods. To appease them, they would sacrifice something important: tools, jewellery, a sword (which would be as valuable as a car in today's terms), slaves or, ultimately, members of the community.
This ritual only ended when new religions, like Mithraism and Christianity, took hold. Malleus Maleficarum, a handbook explaining how to identify, capture and kill a witch, was first published in Germany in 1487 and then circulated around Europe, stoking hysteria about witchcraft. Changelings Possession Vampires. 7 Unusual Ancient Medical Techniques - History Lists. For thousands of years, medical practitioners clung to the belief that sickness was merely the result of a little "bad blood."
Bloodletting probably began with the ancient Sumerians and Egyptians, but it didn't become common practice until the time of classical Greece and Rome. Influential physicians like Hippocrates and Galen maintained that the human body was filled with four basic substances, or "humors"—yellow bile, black bile, phlegm and blood—and these needed to be kept in balance to maintain proper health. With this in mind, patients with a fever or other ailment were often diagnosed with an overabundance of blood. To restore bodily harmony, their doctor would simply cut open a vein and drain some of their vital fluids into a receptacle. In some cases, leeches were even used to suck the blood directly from the skin. While it could easily result in accidental death from blood loss, phlebotomy endured as a common medical practice well into the 19th century.
10 Bizarre Medieval Medical Practices. Creepy Medicine is one of the cornerstones of modern civilization—so much so that we take it for granted.
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Another tale concerns a merchant who accidentally dropped his knife while out at sea. 9 Omens Of Charlemagne's Death The Frankish king Charlemagne was crowned Holy Roman Emperor in A.D. 800. 8 Magonia 7 Changelings 6 The Royal Touch 5 The Wild Man Of Orford. The Middle Ages: Feudal Life.


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It was back to school for me, this past Thursday, for the Fall semester. The first day back is always a mixture of joy and overwhelmingness, at the same time, for me. It is a joy because I get to see me classmates, that I haven't seen all Summer, for the first time. There are lots of hugs and smiles and joy in that. Then there is going to class and going over the syllabus and coming face to face with all that will need to be done or is expected of me this semester. This inevitably overwhelms me, every time. I am learning, however, to simply take a deep breath and remind myself of the truth that every semester I am overwhelmed; yet, every semester I manage to get the work done, one week at a time, and it always gets done well. So I am seeking to be free (from stress and overwhelmingness) in this area of my life, with God's help.
But what I want to focus on here and/or share with you today is something that one of my professors said in class on Thursday. In this particular class, we will be studying the book of Exodus for the semester and, as part of that, we will be looking at the "Sabbath." He touched on principles of living the Sabbath, by describing it as living a balanced life and he said:
Have fun, rest, eat well, breath deeply everyday
and everything will be ok!
I love that! It seems so simple, yet so profound at the same time! Why do we (I) make life so complicated or harder than it really is or needs to be? I am not sure, but I do know that I am going to make an effort to remember the above words and live the above words, that I heard from my professor on Thursday.
I want to leave you with a powerful Scripture that I read this morning. It touched and encouraged my heart and I hope it will touch and encourage yours as well:
"…You're my servant, serving on my side. I've picked you. I haven't dropped you. Don't panic. I'm with you. There's no need to fear for I'm your God. I'll give you strength. I'll help you. I'll hold you steady, keep a firm grip on you."
(Isaiah 41:9-10, MSG)
God has a loving, firm grip on you, my dear friend. Rest in that and go out there and live your life, today, to the fullest, enjoying every moment of it, knowing that God is in complete control and He loves you! Everything truly is going to be alright, everythings going to work out by the power of His Love.
This little book is a profound demonstration of God's power and of true faith in action. It is a guidebook for learning how to pray Scripture, filled with eighty-nine weekly Prayer Sheets for your marriage — eighty-nine pages of power that will change your life and the lives of all those around you, as you too learn to always pray and not give Up!
"Praying Scripture is the most powerful and effective way to pray for your marriage. It can be a daunting task to search out all the passages that apply, though. In this book, Tammy has done the hard work for us in compiling a beautiful arrangement of God's attributes along with verses to pray for myself, as a wife, and verses to pray over my husband and marriage. The Lord has used many of these passages to bear fruit in my own life and marriage."
Mariel Davenport , Author
Knowing God Through His Names
A Housewife Desperate for God
"Tammy Rentsch is passionate about prayer. She prays faithfully and frequently. She is also committed to loving her spouse enough to pray for their marriage. Read this book and you will be equipped and encouraged to pray consistently and powerfully for your marriage with the Scriptures as your guide."
Brian D. Russell
Professor of Biblical Studies
Dean, School of Urban Ministries
Asbury Theological Seminary
I was a stripper. I was an alcoholic. I was a drug...
Do you need to change your perspective on some things...


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We were supposed to fly to Florence airport itself, via Zurich. But, on arrival at Zurich, we found that the second leg had been diverted to Bologna, due to high winds. It became apparent that no-one had informed the baggage handlers at Bologna that we were coming; it took well over an hour for our luggage to turn up. This was followed by a mystery bus tour to Florence airport. By this time I wasn't convinced that the airport shuttle bus would be running more than once an hour, so uncharacteristically we decided to take a taxi to the hotel. Somehow no-one got killed during that trip; it's a mystery how.
Anyway, we arrived and unwound. At breakfast we discovered an intriguing self-service orange juicer, a triumph of Italian creativity ... and Italian engineering and efficiency. At least the coffee was straightforward. Due to intermittent planning, we hadn't pre-booked anything, but the Firenze card turned out to solve that. Maybe we were lucky, but in all honesty I think the only place there would have been difficulty otherwise was the Uffizi - many places were busy, but less so than you would get at a popular exhibition in London. We took in day trips to Pisa (by train) and Siena (by bus). Of the many places we saw, the labyrinthine former hospital of Santa Maria della Scala in Siena stands out as one of the more interesting: it was virtually deserted, and we did feel that a prize should be awarded to anyone completing a tour of the building.
The food was good, but probably not exceptional, and certainly not cheap (though that was to be expected). For variety, we tried an Indian restaurant that had been recommended by an Indian co-worker - the food was good and the Indian wine too, it certainly added a bit of variety.
The people were friendly and helpful. The local midges and mosquitoes too showed a great deal of interest in me.
On the last day, storms broke again. The flight back was also delayed, but at least it left from the correct airport, and our connection in Frankfurt was delayed further, so there were no problems beyond lateness in getting home.


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The recent AirWatch Connect Atlanta continues to be the leading event for enterprise mobility. Over 1,200 attendees gathered in Atlanta for four exciting days of roundtables, sessions, networking, and one-on-one meetings with AirWatch executives, partners and technology experts.
More than 110 thought leaders, industry innovators and technology experts presented at more than 100 sessions and over 450 attendees participated in the AirWatch Certification Workshop.
|Take a look back at AirWatch Connect Atlanta
Several new products and functionality were announced for the coming months. We're most excited about Airwatch Workspace. This new offering from Airwatch is a containerized solution for all enterprise data including email, applications, content and browsing available in Airwatch 6.5 and it creates a consistent end user experience across mobile platforms. Enterprises implementing Mobile Device Management (MDM) and Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) initiatives can utilize Workspace to keep corporate data secure within applications, while allowing the user to maintain complete control of their personally-owned device. With single sign-on capabilities for EMM and Workspace deployments, organizations can offer a seamless user experience between managed applications, while controlling user access to those applications.
Here is a rundown of the announcements from the event:
- AirWatch 6.5: The latest product release including AirWatch Workspace, single-sign on authentication, Secure Content Locker collaboration enhancements and more
- AirWatch Workspace: Secure containerized solution for all enterprise data including email, applications, content and browsing available in AirWatch 6.5
- Apps: Enhanced mobile application lifecycle management with development workflows, reputation scanning, app-to-app collaboration and single sign-on
- Content: Secure content collaboration for anytime, anywhere access to enterprise and user content with editing, annotation, and built-in photo and video capture
- AirWatch Email Client: Secure, sandboxed email client with a native-like user experience, available for both Android and Apple iOS
- Apple iOS: iOS 7 support available for all global trial and pre-production cloud environments. On-premise deployments can download via myAirWatch. All production cloud environments will be updated per normal maintenance schedule and customer coordination
- Samsung: First preview of Samsung Galaxy Note 3, Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1 2014 Edition, Samsung Galaxy Gear in North America and additional features for Samsung KNOX
- AirWatch 7.0 User Interface: a fully redesigned and simplified AirWatch user interface set for beta release in late October
- AirWatch Marketplace: a community of trusted AirWatch technology partners providing industry-leading mobility solutions, products and applications
- AirWatch Analytics: advanced analytics offering administrators a detailed look at their mobile fleet statistics. AirWatch Analytics is available to all Shared Cloud customers and will be available to Dedicated Cloud and On-Premise customers with our AirWatch 6.5 release
See you next year in Atlanta! Interested in learning more about Airwatch EMM solutions? Please contact us and someone will reach out to you shortly.


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BENT, Caught in the Act Productions, at Chopin Theatre. Playwright Martin Sherman never spares our sensibilities in his lean, graphic depiction of gay lovers victimized during the Holocaust. It's 1934, and Max, a feckless Berlin deal maker and drug user, and his delicate dancer boyfriend, Rudy, are caught up in hell once Hitler launches a persecution of homosexuals that sends Max to Dachau. Engaging in unspeakable acts to survive, he finally flaunts the Jewish yellow star rather than the gay pink triangle in order to get better treatment. Only when he meets his last lover, Horst, does this sybarite learn to live for someone else.
Bent was last performed here six years ago--reason enough to revive this eye-opener. Director Erik Paul Simonson wisely keeps his staging real rather than overly urgent: he makes the Nazis' victims thoroughly recognizable. Ron Ward as the resilient Max credibly creates a party boy turned willing martyr--likewise credible are James Dunn's pretty, doomed Rudy, Tom Harris's hetero drag queen, Jerry M. Miller's self-described "fluffy" uncle, and David Bendana's complex, heartbreaking Horst. Carrying rocks back and forth across the stage, Max and Horst both seem spin-offs from a very sick Waiting for Godot. They're witnesses to a crime against humanity, not examplars of a crime against nature.


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Just Rich Gates is days removed from releasing Burberry Larry, his latest mixtape. The project was filled with some of the game's biggest names. "Bigger Than Life" is the latest leak off the mixtape and it features K Camp and Skeezy.
Listen to "Bigger Than Life" by Just Rich Gates ft. K Camp and Skeezy below:


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Good afternoon and welcome to our Week End Update.
Before I begin discussing my trip to Israel, I want to praise the efforts of the Philadelphia Police Department for their heroic actions on Wednesday evening. This was further proof that these brave men and women put their lives on the line everyday to protect our communities. Shelley and I extend our heartfelt prayers and appreciation for all of our law enforcement officers, particularly those that were injured during the standoff.
This week, I have been honored to participate in a Congressional trip to Israel as a guest of the American Israel Education Foundation (AIEF). It has been a great experience – we have toured many awe-inspiring sites throughout the Holy Land. Jerusalem, Bethlehem, the City of David, and other parts of Israel have an incredible history, and I am grateful to the AIEF for letting us see it up close.
Our Republican delegation, led by House Republican Leader Kevin McCarthy visited and met with many political and military leaders including Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. Pictured below with Leader McCarthy on a tour of Masada.
Prime Minister Netanyahu is a great friend to the United States and a very strong leader. During our meeting, I had an opportunity to speak with him directly on a variety of issues including economic policy and border security.
We also met with Benny Gantz, leader of the Blue and White Party and a candidate running against Netanyahu for Prime Minister. Interestingly enough, both men reference President Donald Trump often as the President is very popular here. The Blue and White Party of Benny Gantz even uses the slogan "Israel First." Both candidates' messages are very similar as the people of Israel have no appetite for the type of nonsense being promoted by the socialist left in our country and the messages being used by the mainstream media. In Israel, their priorities are clear; border security, competitive free market economy, free and fair trade, strong military superiority, and fiscal responsibility. These are the pillars of success for our nation as well and I am confident we will accomplish these goals in the United States when Republicans win back the majority in the U.S. House and re-elect President Trump. We had productive discussions on Israeli national security and missile defense, trade, economics, and Israel's role as a strong ally of the United States.
Our travels included visiting the Mount of Beatitudes, St. Peters Church, and Capernaum, also known as The Town of Jesus. These were places documented that Jesus spent time and performed several miracles. It was by the Sea of Tiberias, or the Sea of Galilee, where Jesus told the fisherman, who were not catching any fish, "Cast the net on the right side of the boat, and you will find some." So they cast it, and now they were not able to haul it in, because of the quantity of fish. This site is also where Jesus revealed himself after his resurrection. I am particularly fond of such stories from these fishing towns as the words hang in my Church, Saint Therese's, "Come Follow me and I will make you fishers of all people." Pictured below are Shelley and I at the Mount of Beatitudes overlooking the Sea of Galilee.
We visited the Church of Nativity, the place of the birth of Jesus Christ. The church was originally commissioned by Constantine the Great a short time after his mother Helena's visit to Jerusalem and Bethlehem in 325-326, on the site of the birthplace of Jesus. Pictured below with Congressmen Ross Spano, Ron Estes and Greg Pence; with the manger of Jesus Christ; and the place of birth of Jesus Christ.
The Holy environment and Judeo-Christian history are so inspiring and truly breathtaking; it far exceeded both Shelley and my expectations. While many of our visits and the stories are uplifting, you can't help but recognize the hard realities of the existential threats Israel faces on a daily basis were poignantly present. We visited and were briefed by Israeli military experts at the border of Gaza Strip, Lebanon and in the Golan Heights, with Syria in close view.
We also met with the Palestinian Liberation Organization Prime Minister and Secretary General. To say the least, it was a very interesting meeting. What was unfortunately discussed is that the peace talks are at a standstill although it was a very civil and intellectual discussion. There was a lot of finger pointing and very little to no acceptance of responsibility for the hostile environment that exists. This is a very unrealistic position for them to take if peace is truly their goal.
On the Lebanon border, we could see Hezbollah flags flying over homes across the Lebanon border. The terrorist organization Hezbollah is a daily threat to Israel as they operate out of Lebanon and Syria, and Hamas is the enemy based in Gaza. Hezbollah and Hamas are funded and supported by Iran. Iran is the central threat to Israel and the Middle East. (Pictured in the Golan Heights overlooking Syria.)
After hearing firsthand accounts of the threats, rocket launches, terrorist activity (Including the building of tunnels into Israel to prepare for an attack) and the estimated amount of funds Iran has transferred to these terrorist groups, the idea that the Obama administration made a "deal" where they handed over billions of dollars to Iran, is impossible to fathom.
Fortunately, President Trump ended any such arrangement with Iran and hit them with additional sanctions. This action accordingly impacted the money stream to the terrorists. Fortunately, the skill, commitment and technology of the Israeli military is top-notch, and they are very, very grateful for the renewed support of the United States.
We also visited our United States Embassy in Jerusalem. Pictured below with the Israeli Ambassador David Friedman.
As much as we appreciated our time in Israel, Shelley and I are very happy we will be returning home tomorrow. Traveling abroad is important and it is an extremely strong reminder as to how much I love the USA and how we can never take all the blessings of being an American for granted. God Bless America... I do want to thank the American Israel Education Foundation very, very much for funding this experience, and for their outstanding hospitality.
Have a great weekend and I will see you soon.
Dan Meuser