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Military groups seek community donations
Military organizations that honor veterans or help children are facing some shortfalls this month beginning with Wreaths Across America.
Although the national program to lay wreaths at veterans' gravesites started in 1992, the program at the Northern Nevada Veterans Memorial Cemetery in Fernley began in 2007 with 28 wreaths and a crowd that numbered about 50.
The number of wreaths has steadily increased since that time, but donations are down this year.
Hundreds of wreaths still are needed for this year's event, which is Dec. 16. Wreaths were placed on every memorial at NNVMC last year, and more than 1,000 people attended the one-hour ceremony, which coincided with the laying of wreaths at Arlington National Cemetery at noon, Eastern Time.
Over the years, the importance of Wreaths Across America is second only to Memorial Day observances.
The Nevada Veterans Coalition in Fernley has been involved in the Wreaths Across America project for a decade. In its first year, the NVC purchased 40 wreaths from the donations received from the community.
The NVC and hundreds of volunteers placed thousands of wreaths on veterans' graves during the 2016 ceremony, and any excess was given to neighboring cemeteries for their veterans' gravesites.
A donation of $15 purchases one wreath, and individuals may access the NVC website at http://supportnnvc.org.
The Northern Nevada All Veteran Honor Guard, which is not affiliated with the NVC, must repair its van in order to continue transporting veterans to appointments or transport honor guard members to military funerals.
As of Monday, the organization said the cost to repair its van to make road worthy is in the neighborhood of $3,500. The total cost to repair the major problems is about $15,000.
The veterans' group serves a large area from central Nevada to northeastern California by transporting veterans to appointments in Reno from as far away as Hawthorne and Susanville, Calif.
The honor guard recently established a GoFundMe page at http://www.gofundme.com/VeteransFinalHonors.
For additional information, contact Jim Jackson, who lives in Dayton, at 209-740-5627.
Time is of the essence for both projects administered by the honor guard organizations.
Volunteers with the United State Marine Corps Reserve's Toys for Tots program will be out Saturday with a truck parked at the Fallon Walmart. The Toys for Tots crew will continue to ask for toys until distribution week that begins in a few weeks.
Collection boxes have been placed at many businesses in the Fallon-Fernley area, and has been the practice during previous years, toys will be distributed to youngsters in Fallon, Fernley, Silver Springs and Gabbs.
For more information on the local Toys for Tots program, contact Kellie Kalista at 775-294-9335 firstname.lastname@example.com.
According to the mission of the U. S. Marine Corps Reserve, the Toys for Tots Program is to collect new, unwrapped toys during a three-month span each year and distribute those toys as Christmas gifts to less fortunate children in the community in which the campaign is conducted. The local Toys for Tots program has been promoting its toy drive since the summer with booths set up at various events.
LVN editorials appear on Wednesdays.


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Karan Shaw's Classes is a leading center in Raniganj producing highest number of CA students every year, clearing CPT exam and CA final. Karan Shaw is also faculty of leading CA coaching centers at Durgapur and Kolkata.
Subjects Offered
- Accountancy – Karan Shaw and Bhargava Upadhyaya
- Economics – Bhargava Upadhyaya
- Business Studies (BST) – Bhargava Upadhyaya
- Mathematics – Debjit Banerjee

subset: commoncrawl


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Star Wars fans have waited for more than three decades to hear Luke Skywalker speak again. Now it's Mark Hamill's turn to talk about what The Last Jedi reveals about the farmboy-turned-exile.
On Friday night, as the movie was opening worldwide, I interviewed the actor alongside the filmmakers at a post-screening Q&A at the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. They delved deep into many of the twists and turns in the story, so those who haven't watched it yet should venture no further.
To protect this major spoiler, let's jump to the next page to hear more about Luke's return …
Right at the start of our Q&A, we talked about what it was like for writer-director Rian Johnson to deliver a conclusion for one of the most iconic characters of the galaxy far, far away.
As you know from seeing the film (and if you haven't, this is your final spoiler warning), Luke demonstrates that there's much more to the Force than lightsaber swordplay and hurling objects when he manifests a phantom version of himself to confront Kylo Ren in a showdown on the mineral planet of Crait.
Skywalker manages to stall the First Order while the decimated Resistance scrambles away in an escape, and he also pushes the buttons of his volatile Dark Side nephew, promising: "If you strike me down in anger, I will always be with you. Just like your father."
But of course Kylo Ren can't strike him down. Luke isn't really there.
The act of sending a projection of himself across the galaxy so taxes the real Luke Skywalker that he later succumbs and evanesces away while looking out at the binary suns on the horizon – an echo of his younger self from the original 1977 film, staring at the twin suns of Tatooine while dreaming of adventure.
As Luke vanishes, the same theme from John Williams' original score plays. The Jedi's journey has ended.
"I had huge hesitance," Johnson says of ending one of the most beloved characters in movie history. "I was terrified. It was a growing sense of dread when I realized this was going to make sense in that chapter."
Johnson said he discussed it extensively with Lucasfilm president Kathleen Kennedy and members of the Star Wars story group before committing to it.
"It was not like I wrote the script and dropped it on their desk. It was very important to me that I was collaborating with the folks at Lucasfilm from the word go," he said. "I moved to San Francisco for a few months and would go in a few times a week to keep them up to date, spewing my ideas out, especially the big ones."
"Can't you wait…?"
Johnson's goal was creating a finale for Luke "that pushes the audience and thus the character."
"Well, I'm still in denial," Hamill joked. "I just think he transported somewhere else."
"Modern day New York," Rian added with a laugh. "That was my favorite theory we had."
During the Q&A, Johnson also pointed out a slight flaw with the vanishing scene. "We were in the other room saying, 'A steel hand should clunk to the ground.'"
Hamill dealt with the news of his character's demise in stages of grief. You already heard him express denial. Originally, the actor reacted with bargaining. "The first thing I said was, 'Can't you wait and do this in Episode IX?'"
But Johnson said it was necessary to keep the focus on the new characters as the trilogy reached its end. (J.J. Abrams will return to make the next installment, set for release in 2019.)
"I think the hero's journey of Luke Skywalker concluded in Return of the Jedi. This [trilogy] is the hero's journey of Rey, and Finn, and Poe," Johnson said. "The [ongoing] story of Luke is one that has to play in tandem with that of Rey."
Subtle Clues
On second viewing, there are many hints that Luke isn't really there in the final confrontation with Kylo Ren. For one, they never clash lightsabers. Luke ducks and dashes to avoid every blow from the red crossguard sword.
"Exactly, by design," editor Bob Ducsay said. "There are many small things that would give you some clues as to what's going on with Luke. He doesn't make a sound. Nothing ever falls on him. Kylo's lightsaber interacts with the salt, and Luke's doesn't."
"There are so many little details," added producer Ram Bergman. "The first time you watch the movie, it's a little bit overwhelming. But the second time you're more relaxed, and you can start picking up so many details Rian planted throughout."
"These movies are engineered to be watched over and over again," Johnson said.
Hamill added that he sees a hint about Episode IX in Luke's final words to Kylo Ren.
"I'm just still holding on to the line, 'See you around, kid.' I can be in Episode Nine!" Hamill declared to cheers from the crowd. "I might consider catering the film just so I can hang out."
Thanks to Force ghosts, heroes never really go away.
More post-screening insights (these are heavy spoilers, but if you've read this far…)
|release date
|Complete Coverage


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Published On: November 8, 2019 09:30 PM NPT By: Republica | @RepublicaNepal
KATHMANDU, Nov 8: Host Nepal has lost first-class (three-day) cricket match against the visiting Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC).
In the match played at Tribhuwan University cricket ground in Kirtipur, MCC defeated Nepal by 208 runs.
Chasing the target of 393 set by MCC, Nepal could score only 184 runs losing all the wickets in the 41st over. A half-century by Sompal Kami couldn't lead the team to the target as only Raju Rijal (31), Sandeep Lamichhane (25) and Sharad Veshawakar (14) reached the double-digit mark. Kami scored 51 runs off 83 balls which included 5 fours and a maximum. Captain Gyanendra Malla contributed only 6 runs while Dipendra Singh Airee, Binod Bhandari and Pawan Sarraf were out without scoring.
OJ Hannon-Dalby of MCC dismantled the Nepali line up hauling 5 wickets. Similarly, AT Thomson sent 3 Nepali batsmen to the pavilion.
Earlier MCC declared after scoring 186 at the loss of 6 wickets in its second innings. BA Godleman scored highest, 39 for the team. Nepal's Karan KC claimed 3 MCC wickets.
Nepal won the toss and opted to field first in the first day. After posting 364 runs in the first innings, MCC bowled out Nepal for 153 runs making a lead of 211 runs. Sandeep Lamichhane, the leading scorer for Nepali side in its first innings with 39 runs.
MCC has posted 364 runs in the first innings after Nepal won the toss and elected to field first in the first day. MCC restricted Nepal to 153 to take a lead of 211 runs in the first innings. Sandeep Lamichhane was the top scorer for Nepal in the first innings as he scored an unbeaten 39 runs off 21 balls with 2 fours and 4 sixes.
MCC is on Nepal tour for its 'legacy tour' which consists of one three-day game, two 50-over matches and three T20s games.


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Tiffany & Co.
|Tiffany, Young and Ellis
|Traded as
S&P 500 Component
|September 18, 1837
|Charles Lewis Tiffany
John B. Young
|727 Fifth Avenue, New York City
New York, U.S. 10022
Number of locations
|326 (March 27, 2020)[1]
Area served
Key people
|Alessandro Bogliolo (CEO)
Reed Krakoff (CAO)
| US$4.44 billion
(FY Jan. 31, 2019)[2]
| $790.3 million
(FY Jan. 31, 2019)[2]
| $586.4 million
(FY Jan. 31, 2019)[2]
|Total assets
| $5.33 billion
(FY Jan. 31, 2019)[2]
|Total equity
| $3.12 billion
(FY Jan. 31, 2019)[2]
Number of employees
|14,200[3] (2019)
|Footnotes / references
Tiffany & Co. (colloquially known as Tiffany's)[4] is an American luxury jewelry and specialty retailer headquartered in New York City.[5] It sells jewelry, sterling silver, china, crystal, stationery, fragrances, water bottles, watches, personal accessories, and leather goods.[6] Tiffany is known for its luxury goods, particularly its diamond and sterling silver jewelry.[7][8][9][10] It markets itself as an arbiter of taste and style.[11] These goods are sold at Tiffany stores, and through direct-mail and corporate merchandising.
Tiffany & Co. was founded in 1837 by the jeweler Charles Lewis Tiffany and became famous in the early 20th century under the artistic direction of his son Louis Comfort Tiffany. The company operates retail outlets in the Americas, Asia-Pacific, Japan, Europe and the United Arab Emirates. In 2018, Tiffany had 93 stores in the US and 321 stores worldwide; net sales totaled US$4.44 billion.[12][13]
In November 2019, LVMH announced its purchase of Tiffany & Co for $16.2 billion. At the time, the deal was expected to close in June 2020. [14][15] The deadline, however, had been extended twice. First to August 24, 2020 and later to November 24, 2020,[16] but, in early September 2020, LVMH stated that the purchase would not be concluded; Tiffany filed a lawsuit in response.[17] In late October 2020, LVMH agreed to purchase Tiffany & Co for reduced price of $16.2 billion at a price of $131.5 per share lowered from $135 per share.[18][19]
Tiffany operates 326 stores globally in countries such as the United States, Japan, and Canada, as well as Europe, the Latin America and Pacific Asia regions.[1]
Founded in 1837 by Charles Lewis Tiffany and John B. Young[20] in Brooklyn, Connecticut, as a "stationery and fancy goods emporium", with the help of Charles Tiffany's father who financed the store for only $1,000 with profits from a cotton mill.[21] The store initially sold a wide variety of stationery items, and operated as "Tiffany, Young and Ellis" as of 1838 at 259 Broadway in Lower Manhattan.[22] The name was shortened to Tiffany & Company in 1853, when Charles Tiffany took control and established the firm's emphasis on jewelry.[23] The company has since opened stores in major cities worldwide. Unlike other stores at the time in the 1830s, Tiffany clearly marked the prices on its goods to forestall any haggling over prices. In addition, against the social norm at the time, Tiffany only accepted cash payments, and did not allow purchases on credit.[24] Such practices (fixed prices for ready money) were first introduced in 1750 by Palmer's of London Bridge.[25]
"Blue Book" and the Civil War[edit]
The first Tiffany mail order catalog, known as the "Blue Book", was published in 1845 in the United States (U.S.),[26] and publishing of the catalog continues in the 21st century. In 1862, Tiffany supplied the Union Army with swords (Model 1840 Cavalry Saber), flags and surgical implements. In 1867, Tiffany was the first U.S. firm to win an award for excellence in silverware at the Exposition Universelle in Paris. In 1868, Tiffany was incorporated.[11]
"Gilded Age"[edit]
In 1870, the company built a new store building at 15 Union Square West, Manhattan, designed by John Kellum and cost $500,000. It was described by The New York Times as a "palace of jewels".[27] Tiffany stayed at this site until 1906.[27]
In 1877, an insignia that would become the New York Yankees "NY" logo was struck on a police medal of honor by Tiffany; the Yankees adopted the logo in 1909. In 1878, Tiffany won the gold medal for jewelry and a grand prize for silverware at the Paris Exposition. In 1879, Tiffany purchased one of the world's largest yellow diamonds which became known as the Tiffany Diamond. The Tiffany Diamond has only been worn by three people, one of whom was Audrey Hepburn for the promotion of "Breakfast at Tiffany's".[28] In 1887, Tiffany bought a number of pieces at the auction of part of the French Crown Jewels, which attracted publicity and further solidified the Tiffany brand's association with high-quality diamonds.[29] The company revised the Great Seal of the United States in 1885. In 1902, after the death of Charles Lewis Tiffany, his son, Louis Comfort Tiffany, became the company's first official design director.[26] In 1905, the Manhattan flagship store was relocated to a new location, at the corner of 37th Street and Fifth Avenue, where it would remain for 35 years.[30]
In 1919, the company made a revision to the Medal of Honor on behalf of the United States Department of the Navy.[31] This "Tiffany Cross" version was rare because it was awarded only for combat, using the previous design for non-combat awards.[32] In 1942, the Navy established the Tiffany version for non-combat heroism as well but, in August 1942, the Navy subsequently eliminated the Tiffany Cross and the two-medal system.[33]
In 1956, legendary designer Jean Schlumberger joined Tiffany, and Andy Warhol collaborated with the company to create Tiffany holiday cards (circa 1956–1962).[26][34] In 1968, Lady Bird Johnson, First Lady of the U.S. at the time, commissioned Tiffany to design a White House china-service that featured 90 flowers.[35][36]
In November 1978, Tiffany & Co. was sold to Avon Products Inc. for about US$104 million in stock. However, in a 1984 Newsweek article, the Fifth Avenue Tiffany store was likened to the Macy's department store during a white sale, due to the high number of inexpensive items on sale;[24] furthermore, customers complained about declining quality and service. In August 1984, Avon sold Tiffany to an investor group led by William R. Chaney for $135.5 million in cash. Tiffany went public again in 1987 and raised about $103.5 million from the sale of 4.5 million shares of common stock.[24]
Due to the 1990–1991 recession in the United States, Tiffany commenced an emphasis upon mass merchandising. A new campaign was launched that stressed how Tiffany could be affordable for all; for example, the company advertised that the price of diamond engagement rings started at $850. "How to Buy a Diamond" brochures were sent to 40,000 people, who called a toll-free number specifically set up to target the broader population.[24] However, to maintain its image as a luxury goods company, high-style images remained on display in Tiffany stores.[24]
Tiffany & Co. trademarked their signature turquoise brand color in 1998.[37]
The Tiffany & Co. Foundation was established in 2000 to provide grants to nonprofit organizations working in the areas of the environment and the arts.[38] In June 2004, Tiffany sued eBay, claiming that the latter was making profits from the sale of counterfeit Tiffany products;[39] however, Tiffany lost both at trial and on appeal.[40]
In 2001, Tiffany & Co. partnered with Pantone to create "1837 Blue", inspired by the earlier Tiffany Blue shade.[37]
Tiffany & Co. established their subsidiary Laurelton Diamonds in 2002 to manage Tiffany's worldwide diamond supply chain.[41]
In 2009, a collaboration between the Japanese mobile-phone operator SoftBank and Tiffany & Co. was announced. The two companies designed a cellphone, limited to ten copies, and containing more than 400 diamonds, totaling more than 20 carats (4.0 g). Each cellphone cost more than 100 million yen (£781,824).[42]
Also in 2009, the company launched their Tiffany Keys collection.[43]
2010s and 2020s[edit]
A media report in early July 2013 revealed that former Tiffany & Co. vice president Ingrid Lederhaas-Okun had been arrested and charged with stealing more than $1.3 million of diamond bracelets, drop earrings, and other jewelry. According to prosecutors from Manhattan, the official charges filed against Lederhaas-Okun accused her of "wire fraud and interstate transportation of stolen property."[44]
The company's Francesca Amfitheatrof-designed Tiffany T collection debuted in 2014.[45]
In February 2017, the company announced that CEO Frédéric Cuménal was out of a job, effective immediately, after only 22 months, blaming weak sales results. He was replaced on an interim basis by the company's longtime former CEO, Michael Kowalski.[46] Shortly before his abrupt departure, Cuménal had appointed former Coach designer Reed Krakoff as the company's new chief artistic officer. Although Krakoff had had no previous experience with jewellery design, his previous success with Coach and "deep understanding of iconic American design" led to his appointment, with the hopes that Krakoff would be able to refresh the image of the brand.[47][48]
In April 2017, the company launched their Tiffany HardWear collection.[49]
In July 2017, it was announced that Bulgari veteran Alessandro Bogliolo would be taking over as CEO. Under his leadership, it was hoped that Tiffany & Co. could turn around slumping sales and capture a younger audience.[50]
Tiffany & Co. opened the Blue Box Cafe in New York City in November 2017.[51] Also in November 2017, the company launched their Home & Accessories line.[52]
In March 2018, the company opened the Jewelry Design and Innovation Workshop, a new 17,000-square-foot atelier.[51]
In May 2018, Tiffany launched their Paper Flowers Collection, designed by Reed Krakoff.[53]
In September 2018, Tiffany launched their Paper Flowers collection in Asia.[54] That same month, the company debuted a new proprietary engagement ring design called the Tiffany True.[55]
In August 2019, Tiffany launched their first men's jewelry collection in October of the same year.[56] The line was developed by Reed Krakoff.[57]
In October 2019, Tiffany opened a new brand exhibition in Shanghai, China called "Vision & Virtuosity".[58] Later that month, the company removed an online advertisement after it was accused of portraying support for the 2019–20 Hong Kong protests and potentially jeopardizing its business in China.[59]
In November 2019, LVMH announced its purchase of Tiffany & Co for $16.2 billion, $135 per share.[14] The deal was expected to close by June 2020.[15]
Tiffany opened its first store in New Delhi, India on 3 February 2020.[60]
After LVMH decided to cancel the pending purchase of Tiffany in September 2020, Tiffany filed suit, asking the court to compel the purchase or to assess damages against the defendant; LVMH planned to counter sue, alleging that mismanagement had invalidated the purchase agreement.[61] In mid-September 2020, a reliable source told Forbes (magazine) that LVMH had decided to cancel the deal because Tiffany was paying millions in dividends to shareholders despite financial losses during the pandemic. Some US$70 million had already been paid by Tiffany, with an additional US$70 million to be paid in November 2020.[62] LVMH filed a counterclaim against the court action commenced by Tiffany; a statement issued by LMVH blamed Tiffany's mismanagement during the pandemic and claimed that it was 'burning cash and reporting losses'". [63] In late October 2020, LVMH announced that it had agreed to buy Tiffany & Co. at a reduced price of almost $16 billion, and lowered price from $135 per share to $131.5 per share. The court cases would be set aside.[64][65]
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Since 1940, Tiffany's flagship store has operated at the corner of Fifth Avenue and 57th Street in Manhattan, New York City. The polished granite exterior is well known for its window displays, and the store has been the location for a number of films, including Breakfast at Tiffany's, starring Audrey Hepburn, and Sweet Home Alabama, starring Reese Witherspoon. The former Tiffany and Company Building on 37th Street is on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.[66]
When it opened in 1990, the Tiffany & Co. store at Fairfax Square in Tysons Corner, Virginia, became the largest outside of New York City, with 14,500 sq ft (1,350 m2) of retail space.[67]
In France, Tiffany stores are located in Rue de la Paix and the Avenue des Champs Elysées (the largest European store[68]) in Paris, but also in the Galeries Lafayette and Printemps department stores, in Terminal 2 at Paris' Charles de Gaulle airport (two stores), and on the French Riviera in Nice.[citation needed]
In the United Kingdom (UK), Tiffany stores are located in Terminal 5, at London's Heathrow airport (opened at the end of March 2008), in the Westfield London shopping centre in Shepherd's Bush, in Old Bond Street, opposite the entrance to Burlington Gardens, and in Manchester, Selfridges Exchange Square. A flagship Irish store was opened in Brown Thomas on Dublin's Grafton Street in October 2008 and is the second largest of the company's European outlets. Also in October 2008, Tiffany's opened a store in Madrid, Spain, and brought the Tiffany Yellow Diamond (pictured at right) to the opening.[citation needed]
In Australia, Tiffany's flagship store is located on Collins Street in Melbourne, first established in 1996.[69] Other stores include Chadstone Shopping Centre (Melbourne); Sydney (Castlereagh Street, Westfield Bondi Junction and DFS Galleria on George Street); Brisbane (Queens Plaza); and Perth (King Street).[citation needed]
In Japan、Tiffany's flagship store is located in Ginza and opened in 2009. They also have a large store in Shinjuku (opened in 2014) and many other branches.
On March 8, 2001, Tiffany launched its first Latin American store in São Paulo, Brazil, located in the Iguatemi São Paulo shopping center.[70] The company opened a second store in the city on October 20, 2003,[71] near the famous Oscar Freire Street. The last store opened was Curitiba in September 2013, now Tiffany has stores in São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Brasília e Curitiba.[citation needed]
In 2004, Tiffany created "Iridesse", a chain of stores dedicated to pearl-only jewelry. The company operated 16 stores in Florida, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, California, Illinois, Massachusetts, and Virginia. However, the chain operated at a loss since its founding and the company announced in early 2009 that, despite its continued belief in the concept, it would discontinue Iridesse due to the financial crisis of 2007-2008.[72]
Tiffany & Co. reported in 2006 that its location at South Coast Plaza in Costa Mesa, California, was its most profitable location, followed by the New York City flagship store, the Boston, Massachusetts outlet in Copley Place, and the Ala Moana Shopping Center in Honolulu, Hawaii.[citation needed]
Tiffany & Co. announced its second store opening at Pavilion Kuala Lumpur in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia in September 2007 to coincide with the shopping mall's opening. The store consists of 1,700 sq ft (160 m2) retail space and features the same decor elements as the New York City flagship store. Later that year, other stores were opened in the U.S., such as the Natick Collection in Natick, Massachusetts, which opened in September 2007, Mohegan Sun Erika's casino in Connecticut, and the Providence Place mall in Providence, Rhode Island, both of which opened in November 2007.[citation needed]
As of January 31, 2007, the company operated 64 Tiffany & Co. stores in the U.S., with a total physical area of approximately 486,000 gross square feet, as well as 103 international stores that measure approximately 306,000 gross square feet in total.
The company's expansion continued in 2011 with the opening of a store at the Multiplaza complex in Escazú, Costa Rica,[citation needed] and a Richmond, Virginia, location in Stony Point Fashion Park on September 9, 2011.[citation needed]
In November 2012, the company operated in 22 countries, and its worldwide net sales reached $3.6 billion in 2011. Over 50% of the company's 2011 sales occurred in the U.S.[73]
As of January 31, 2014, the company operated 121 stores in the Americas, 72 in the Asia-Pacific region, 54 in Japan, 37 in Europe and 5 in "emerging markets". The 298[74] stores have 1,165,700 gross retail square footage. The company's flagship store in New York had 45,500 gross retail square footage and accounted for 8% of the company's net sales in the fiscal year ended January 31, 2014. The company planned to continue expanding in 2014 with the opening of a flagship store at the Centro Andino complex in Bogota, Colombia.
As of 2018, Tiffany operated 93 stores in the US and 321 stores worldwide, including (as of 31 January 2017) 55 locations in Japan and 85 in the Asia-Pacific region. Net sales in 2018 totaled US$4.44 billion.[75][13]
The company's manufacturing facilities produce approximately 60% of the merchandise sold {{citation needed|date=June 2016}, the balance, including rose-gold and almost all non-jewelry items, coming from third parties overseas. Tiffany's oversees a significant U.S. manufacturing base, with jewelry and silver goods produced in Mount Vernon, New York; majority in Cumberland, Rhode Island; and Lexington, Kentucky, while silver hollow-ware is produced in Rhode Island. The company's other subsidiaries, located in facilities outside the U.S., process, cut and polish the diamonds.
The company may increase the percentage of internally manufactured jewelry in the future, but it is not expected[by whom?] that Tiffany will ever manufacture all of its needs. Some of the key factors which management considered[when?] prior to its decision to outsource manufacturing included: product quality; gross margin; access to or mastery of various jewelry-making skills and technology; support for alternative capacity; and the cost of capital investments.[76]
After the initial publication of the "Blue Book" Tiffany catalog in 1845, Tiffany continued to use its catalog as part of its advertisement strategy. The Tiffany catalog, one of the first catalogs printed in full color, remained free until 1972. Tiffany's mail-order catalogs reached 15 million people in 1994. Tiffany also produces a corporate-gift catalog each year, and corporate customers purchase Tiffany products for business gift-giving, employee-service and achievement-recognition awards, and for customer incentives. Tiffany still produces a catalog for subscribers, but its advertisement strategy no longer focuses primarily on its catalog.[11]
In addition to the mail-order catalog, Tiffany displays its advertisements in many locations, including at bus stops, in magazines and newspapers, and online. Tiffany routinely places ads in Vanity Fair, The New York Times Magazine, Architectural Digest, Money, Conde Nast Traveler, Black Enterprise, and Texas Monthly.[citation needed] With the advent of new technologies, Tiffany places banner advertisements in the New York Times' mobile app for the iPhone, whereby the user can download the Tiffany app free of charge.[77][78] In January 2015, they launched their first ever same-sex couple campaign.
In 2017, Tiffany partnered with American pop star Lady Gaga for an ad campaign promoting the company's HardWear collection.[79] The announcement came as a Super Bowl ad prior to Lady Gaga's Super Bowl LI halftime show performance.[80]
In May 2018, Tiffany partnered with Spotify for the launch of Tiffany's "Believe in Dreams" campaign and Paper Flowers collection, releasing a cover of the song "Moon River" by Elle Fanning and rapper A$AP Ferg on the music streaming service.[81]
In 2019, Tiffany partnered with American celebrity Kendall Jenner to promote the company's spring fashion line.[82]
George Frederick Kunz (1856-1932), a Tiffany's gemologist, became instrumental in the international adoption of the metric carat as a weight standard for gems, and the Tiffany standards for sterling and platinum have been adopted[by whom?] as U.S. standards.[citation needed] The Tiffany Yellow Diamond (128.54 carats (25.708 g)) is usually on display in the New York City flagship store.[83]
In 1886, founder Charles Tiffany conceived of the Tiffany Setting ring design, in which six prongs hold the diamond off of the band, in order to better accentuate the diamond.[84]
Athletes, Hollywood stars, and European royalty also became Tiffany customers. However, like other similar diamond retailers, Tiffany's enacts a strict policy against the repurchasing of diamonds sold from its stores. In 1978, a female customer in New York City was denied after she attempted to sell back a diamond ring she had bought from Tiffany two years earlier for $100,000. Writing for The Atlantic publication in 1982, Edward Jay Epstein explained the rationale for such a policy:
Retail jewelers, especially the prestigious Fifth Avenue stores, prefer not to buy back diamonds from customers, because the offer they would make would most likely be considered ridiculously low ... Most jewelers would prefer not to make a customer an offer that might be deemed insulting and also might undercut the widely held notion that diamonds go up in value. Moreover, since retailers generally receive their diamonds for engagement rings from wholesalers on consignment, and need not pay for them until they are sold, they would not readily risk their own cash to buy diamonds from customers. Rather than offer customers a fraction of what they paid for diamonds, retail jewelers almost invariably recommend to their clients firms that specialize in buying diamonds "retail."[85]
In 2019, Tiffany CEO Alessandro Bogliolo announced that in 2020 the company would become transparent regarding the country or region of origin of the company's newly sourced and individually registered diamonds.[86]
Colored gemstones[edit]
Tiffany offers jewelry incorporating a wide variety of colored gemstones, including gems it played a role in popularizing, such as tsavorite,[87] kunzite, and morganite. In February 2015 a turquoise and aquamarine bib designed by Francesca Amfitheatrof, Tiffany's design director, and worn by Cate Blanchett at the 2015 Academy Awards, contrasted favorably with the white–diamond encrusted jewelry worn by other stars.[74]
In the late 1980s, Tiffany & Co. ventured into the fragrance business. "Tiffany" for women was launched in 1987, a floral perfume for women by perfumer Francois Demachy. At $220 per ounce, "Tiffany" was successfully marketed by major department stores across the United States.[88] Two years later, "Tiffany for Men" was launched in 1989 and developed by perfumer Jacques Polge. The bottles for both the men's and women's fragrance were designed by Pierre Dinand.[89] In 1995, Tiffany launched "Trueste" perfume for women, which was later discontinued. Currently, Tiffany continues to produce the core fragrance product for men and the product for women.
In October 2019, Tiffany launched a new fragrance line, Tiffany & Love.[90]
Sports awards[edit]
Tiffany & Co is the maker of the Vince Lombardi Trophy, made for the winner of the NFL team that wins the Super Bowl that year.[91][92] Since 1977, Tiffany & Co. has manufactured Larry O' Brien Trophy, the trophy that is given to the winner of the NBA Finals.[91]
Tiffany makes and designed the Commissioner's Trophy trophy each year, given to the winner of the World Series.[91] Tiffany & Co made the 2010 and 2012 World Series rings for the San Francisco Giants.[93]
Since 1987, Tiffany silversmiths have crafted the US Open trophies for the United States Tennis Association.[91]
Tiffany & Co makes the PGA Tour FedEx Cup Trophy each year since 2007.[91]
The MLS championship trophy was made by Tiffany & Co.[94]
The NASCAR Sprint Cup Series' Sprint Cup trophy is made by Tiffany & Co, and is given to the champion every year.[citation needed]
The Detroit Gold Cup trophy made originally by Tiffany & Co in 1904, is awarded annually to the champion of the Detroit Gold Cup H1 Unlimited hydroplane race.[citation needed]
A £10,000 Rugby League World Cup trophy was made by Tiffany's to celebrate the centenary of Rugby league.[95]
Current designers and collections[edit]
- Elsa Peretti's collections include Bean, Diamonds by the Yard, Open Heart, Sevillana, and Teardrop[citation needed]
- Paloma Picasso's collections include Loving Heart and Sugar Stacks[citation needed]
- Jean Schlumberger[citation needed]
In 2000, The Tiffany & Co. Foundation awarded its first grant to support coral and marine conservation. To date, the foundation has awarded over $20 million in grant money to coral and marine conservation causes.[96]
In 2008, The Tiffany & Co. Foundation donated $2 million to the University of Pennsylvania for the construction of an HIV/AIDS treatment facility in Botswana.[97]
In 2010, Tiffany awarded a $1 million grant to the Trust for Public Land and its campaign to save Cahuenga Peak.[98]
Tiffany launched their Save the Wild Collection in 2017, a line at promoting endangered wildlife conservation.[99] Save the Wild debuted as part of the #KnotOnMyPlanet wildlife conservation campaign.[100] In 2018, Tiffany announced a commitment of approximately $1.4 million to Australia for efforts to protect and conserve the Great Barrier Reef.[101]
Corporate sustainability efforts[edit]
Tiffany has bought ethically mined gold since 1992. The company also abides by the Kimberly certification process when sourcing diamonds.[102]
Due to coral became endangered, thus threatening oceanic health and sustainability, Tiffany discontinued sales of coral jewelry in 2004 to improve responsible sourcing practices.[96] In 2005, Tiffany joined Earthwork's No Dirty Gold campaign, becoming the first jewelry company to apply the Earthwork's Golden Rules for responsible mining.[103]
In 2006, Tiffany & Co. joined Microsoft, IdustriALL Global Union, United Steelworkers along with others in founding the Initiative for Responsible Mining Assurance, known as IRMA.[104]
In 2011, Tiffany joined the United Nations Global Compact initiative in efforts to align company operations with the Compact's global sustainability goals, including human rights, labor, environment, and anti-corruption.[102]
In 2015, Anisa Costa was appointed Tiffany's first-ever Chief Sustainability Officer.[105][106] That same year, Tiffany joined a number of fellow corporations in pledging to reach net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. The company also advocated for the U.S. to remain in the Paris Agreement along with other companies as part of the "We are still in" social media campaign.[107]
In popular culture[edit]
The retailer has been mentioned in various works, most notably in the title of the 1958 Truman Capote novella Breakfast at Tiffany's, adapted as a 1961 film of the same name starring Audrey Hepburn, which in turn prompted a 1966 musical flop.[citation needed] The Hepburn film was later invoked in the refrain of a 1995 alternative rock song. In the 1974 song "Hotel California" by the Eagles there is a line: "Her mind is Tiffany-twisted" which describes a woman in love with power and money.[citation needed] In the fifth season of The Office (U.S.), Dwight Schrute mentions the store when he is describing his perfect crime.[citation needed] The heroine of the James Bond 1956 novel and 1971 film Diamonds Are Forever is named Tiffany Case, allegedly because her mother gave birth to her there.[108]
In the 1987 Stanley Kubrick film Full Metal Jacket, the character "Gunnery Sergeant Hartmann", played by R. Lee Ermey reprimands "Private Leonard "Gomer Pyle" Lawrence", played by Vincent D'Onofrio, for grinning. Sergeant Hartman, after physically discplining Lawrence, says: "Private Pyle, you had best square your ass away and start shitting me Tiffany cufflinks, or I will definitely fuck you up."[citation needed] Hartman is essentially saying that Lawrence must rectify his behavior to a point where everyone of his actions are perfect.
White House china service for Lady Bird Johnson
Tea set, c. 1877, held at the Birmingham Museum of Art
Carved frog for display at the Exposition Universelle (1900) in Paris
Wisteria Tiffany Studios lamp, c. 1902
Hooker Emerald Brooch, commissioned by Tiffany in 1950
Tray or Waiter, displayed at World's Columbian Exposition, 1893, Brooklyn Museum
See also[edit]
- Art Nouveau glass art
- Yeojin Bae
- Clara Driscoll (Tiffany glass designer)
- Walter Hoving
- John Loring (designer)
- Camille Le Tallec
- Tiffany glass
- ^ a b O'Connell, Liam (March 27, 2020). "Tiffany & Co.'s number of retail locations worldwide in 2019, by region". Statista. Statista. Retrieved May 7, 2020.
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- ^ a b "US SEC: Form 10-K Tiffany & Co". U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
- ^ "Tiffany & Co". New York Times. Retrieved January 20, 2016.
- ^ Cohen, Patricia. "Tiffany_and_co". The New York Times.
- ^ Agrawal, A. J. "How Tiffany & Co. Built A Marketing Empire". Forbes. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
- ^ King, Steve (November 18, 2016). "Tiffany & Co: leading the way in ethically produced jewellery". The Telegraph. ISSN 0307-1235. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
- ^ "Tiffany's 'old-world luxury' fails to charm millennials". Reuters. May 26, 2016. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
- ^ "The Anglo Effect: U.S. and British Luxury Brands Gain Ground With China's Rich". Jing Daily. February 16, 2015. Retrieved February 4, 2020.
"Tiffany & Co. is now the no. 1 American luxury brand for Chinese shoppers". Jing Daily. February 17, 2015. Retrieved March 24, 2019 – via Business Insider.
- ^ a b c "History of Tiffany & Company – FundingUniverse". Fundinguniverse.com. Retrieved February 18, 2013.
- ^ "Tiffany & Co". Bloomberg. July 11, 2019. Retrieved November 30, 2019.
and also engages in direct selling through internet, catalog, and business gift operations
- ^ a b "Number of Tiffany & Co. stores by region worldwide in 2018, by region". Statista. August 9, 2019. Retrieved November 30, 2019.
- ^ a b Kent, Sarah; Guilbault, Laure (November 25, 2019). "LVMH Buys Tiffany in $16 Billion Deal". www.businessoffashion.com. Retrieved November 25, 2019.
- ^ a b "LVMH Acquires Tiffany & Co. For $16.2 Billion". Forbes. November 26, 2019. Retrieved November 30, 2019.
LVMH will "develop this jewel with the same dedication and commitment that we have applied to each and every one of our Maisons. We will be proud to have Tiffany sit alongside our iconic brands and look forward to ensuring that Tiffany continues to thrive for centuries to come"
- ^ "Tiffany Falls as LVMH Reserves Right to Fight New Deal Date". August 25, 2020. Retrieved September 5, 2020.
"Tiffany this week extended the deadline for its LVMH deal by three months to Nov. 24, after the earlier deadline was set to expire Aug. 24.
- ^ "Tiffany Sues LVMH Over Move to Walk Away From $16 Billion Deal". Bloomberg. London, UK. September 9, 2020. Retrieved September 9, 2020.
- ^ Cimilluca, Cara Lombardo and Dana (October 29, 2020). "Tiffany Agrees to New Deal Terms With LVMH". Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved October 29, 2020.
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|title=(help)[full citation needed]
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- ^ O'Connell, Vanessa (October 26, 2009). "Diamond Industry Makeover Sends Fifth Avenue to Africa". Wall Street Journal. Wall Street Journal. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
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- ^ Halberg, Morgan (April 28, 2017). "Zoë Kravitz, Scarlett Johansson Are Really Into Tiffany's New Collection". Observer. Observer. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
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- ^ Soo-jin, Kim (September 14, 2018). "Tiffany launches Paper Flowers collection with a star-studded party in Shanghai". SCMP. SCMP. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
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- ^ a b
Guy Trebay (April 14, 2015). "At Tiffany, Something New Inside the Blue Box". The New York Times. Retrieved April 16, 2015.
[...] the scene-stealing bib had the commercially desirable effect of making the million-dollar gems on other entertainers look like so much borrowed ice.
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the Company's segments include Americas, Asia-Pacific, Japan, Europe and Other
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- ^ a b Hyland, Veronique (August 30, 2019). "Tiffany & Co. Is Working To Save Coral Reefs In Mauritius". Elle. Elle. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
- ^ McWilliams, Julie; Buckley, Linda (October 16, 2008). "The Tiffany & Co. Foundation Gives $2 Million to Penn for HIV/AIDS Treatment Center in Botswana". Penn Today. Penn University. Retrieved May 4, 2020.
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Tiffany: "I was born there, on the first floor while my mother was looking for a wedding ring."
- Bezdek, Richard H. American Swords and Sword Makers. Boulder, Colorado: Paladin Press, 1999.
- Bizot, Chantal, Marie-Noël de Gary, and Évelyne Possémé. The Jewels of Jean Schlumberger. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Publisher, 2001. (English translation)
- Carpenter, Charles and Janet Zapata. The Silver of Tiffany & Company, 1850–1987. Boston: Museum of Fine Arts, 1987.
- Dietz, Ulysses Grant, Jenna Weissman Joselit, and Kevin J. Smead. The Glitter and the Gold: Fashioning America's Jewelry. Newark: The National Endowment for the Humanities, 1997.
- Duncan, Alastair, Martin Eidelberg, and Neil Harris. Masterworks of Louis Comfort Tiffany. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers, 1989. Catalogue for an exhibition at the Renwick Gallery, Washington, D.C., from September 29, 1989 – March 4, 1990 and at the National Academy of Design, New York, from March 27 – July 8, 1990.
- Fashion Institute of Technology. Elsa Peretti: Fifteen of My Fifty with Tiffany. New York: Fashion Institute of Technology, 1990. Exhibition catalogue, April 24 – May 10, 1990.
- Frelinghuysen, Alice Cooney. Louis Comfort Tiffany and Laurelton Hall. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 2006.
- Green, Annette and Linda Dyett. Secrets of Aromatic Jewelry. Paris: Flammarion, 1998.
- Hood, William P., with Roslyn Berlin and Edward Wawrynek. Tiffany Silver Flatware 1845–1905: When Dining was an Art. Suffolk, England: Antique Collectors Club, 1999.
- Loring, John. Tiffany Colored Gems. New York: Abrams, 2007. (Available Fall 2007)
- Loring, John. Greetings from Andy Warhol: Christmas at Tiffany's. New York: Abrams, 2004.
- Loring, John. Louis Comfort Tiffany at Tiffany & Co. New York: Abrams, 2002.
- Loring, John. Magnificent Tiffany Silver. New York: Abrams, 2001.
- Loring, John. The New Tiffany Tablesettings. New York: Doubleday, 1981.
- Loring, John. Paulding Farnham: Tiffany's Lost Genius. New York: Abrams, 2000.
- Loring, John. A Tiffany Christmas. New York: Doubleday, 1996.
- Loring, John. Tiffany Diamonds. New York: Abrams, 2005.
- Loring, John. Tiffany in Fashion. New York: Abrams, 2003.
- Loring, John. Tiffany Flora and Fauna. New York: Abrams, 2003.
- Loring, John. The Tiffany Gourmet Cookbook. New York: Doubleday, 1992.
- Loring, John. Tiffany Jewels. New York: Abrams, 1999.
- Loring, John. Tiffany's 150 Years. New York: Doubleday, 1987.
- Loring, John. Tiffany's Palm Beach. New York: Abrams, 2005.
- Loring, John. Tiffany Parties. New York: Doubleday, 1989.
- Loring, John. Tiffany Pearls. New York: Abrams, 2006.
- Loring, John. Tiffany Taste. New York: Doubleday, 1986.
- Loring, John. Tiffany Timepieces. New York: Abrams, 2004.
- Loring, John. Tiffany's 20th Century: A Portrait of American Style. New York: Abrams, 1997.
- Loring, John. The Tiffany Wedding. New York: Doubleday, 1988.
- Newman, Harold. An Illustrated Dictionary of Jewelry. London: Thames and Hudson, 1981.
- Phillips, Clare. Bejewelled by Tiffany: 1837–1987. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2006.
- Proddow, Penny and Debra Healy. American Jewelry, Glamour & Tradition. New York: Rizzoli, 1987.
- Proddow, Penny and Debra Healy. Diamonds: A Century of Spectacular Jewels. New York: Abrams, 1996.
- Purtell, Joseph. The Tiffany Touch. New York: Random House, 1971.
- Ricci, Franco Maria. Jean Schlumberger. Milan: Franco Maria Ricci, 1991.
- Schnierla, Peter and Penny Proddow. Tiffany: 150 Years of Gems and Jewelry. New York: Tiffany & Co., 1987.
- Snowman, Kenneth A. The Master Jewelers. New York: Abrams, 1990.
- Stern, Jewel. Modernism in American Silver. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2005.
- Tiffany Retrospective: Designs from Tiffany and Co., 1837–1999. Tokyo and New York: APT, 1999.
- Un Diamant Dans La Ville: Jean Schlumberger 1907–1987 Bijoux - Objets. Paris: Musee des Arts decoratifs: 1995.
- Venable, Charles L. Silver in America 1840–1940: A Century of Splendor. Dallas, Texas: Dallas Museum of Art, 1994.
- Warren, David B. et al. Marks of Achievement: Four Centuries of American Presentation Silver. Houston: Museum of Fine Arts, in association with Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1987.
- Zapata, Janet. The Jewelry and Enamels of Louis Comfort Tiffany. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Publishers, 1993*.
External links[edit]
Media related to Tiffany & Co. at Wikimedia Commons
- Official website
- Business data for Tiffany & Co.:
- Purveyors to the Russian imperial family
- Tiffany & Co.
- American silversmiths
- American jewelry designers
- Jewelry retailers of the United States
- Watch manufacturing companies of the United States
- Luxury brands
- Fashion accessory brands
- High fashion brands
- Leather manufacturers
- Luggage brands
- Perfume houses
- Tableware
- Watch brands
- Multinational companies based in New York City
- Manufacturing companies based in New York City
- Ceramics manufacturers of the United States
- Companies based in Manhattan
- Midtown Manhattan
- Shops in New York City
- American companies established in 1837
- Clothing companies established in 1837
- Manufacturing companies established in 1837
- Retail companies established in 1837
- 1837 establishments in New York (state)
- Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange
- Publicly traded companies based in New York City
- American brands
- Eyewear brands of the United States
- Announced mergers and acquisitions


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We just finished our second Hacking for Defense class at Stanford. Eight teams presented their Lessons Learned presentations.
'You're More Powerful Than You Think'
Whether you're an agitated activist frustrated with the current state of politics, a civic hacker, government technology entrepreneur or public servant trying change the foundations of democracy from inside or out, "You're More Powerful Than You Think" is an accessible guide for helping us all rethink what it means to have power and how to obtain it.
District Match lets mission-driven organizations match addresses to elected officials in bulk
Azavea Product Specialist Patrick Han and Product Manager Stephanie Thome share how Cicero's District Match app makes it easy for nonprofits to mobilize their constituents to contact their elected officials.


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Madam Speaker, it is a pleasure to present a duly certified petition to the House today. The petitioners are from three high schools in the Cobourg area who showed their interest in the recent trade agreement negotiations. The high schools are St. Mary's, CDCI West and CDCI East.
The more than 600 petitioners are concerned about the manner in which the agreement is being negotiated. They call upon parliament to consult Canadians before entering into that agreement so the environmental, social and cultural consequences can be considered.


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IDEO designer Beto Lopez shares how he used constraints to develop his concept, Prized in Every Search.
In an open and collaborative process like OpenIDEO, it's fun to go big, broad and far-reaching in our thinking and ideas. But sometimes our efforts together – like in our Business Impact Challenge – can benefit from constraints.
As an IDEO designer I've learned that constraints, or boundaries, can influence our efforts in both real and imagined ways. On the one hand, constraints can offer us very useful guide posts for what's relevant or topical, while also letting us know what's off-course for our work. On the other, sometimes we impose constraints on our thinking without realizing it. In this way, constraints can act more like artificial biases that limit our designs, rather than focus points to help us reach success.
To help everyone understand how constraints work, I thought I'd share some thoughts to inspire our efforts in our Business Impact Challenge Concepting phase.
Step 1: Acknowledge Constraints
The best way to prepare for our concepts is to first list out all of the possible constraints we can identify. For the Business Impact Challenge, you can start doing this by reading through the challenge Brief to uncover which constraints seem important for our designs. After that, what other constraints do you think matter to this challenge?
Constraints aren't always explicit, many times they're inferred, so your best bet is to get them out on paper. In my own interpretation, this challenge is asking us to design concepts that:
- Focus on for-profit businesses
- Celebrate stories of for-profit businesses whose innovations produce world benefit
- Identify ways to help other for-profit businesses refine their innovation strategies to include world benefit.
I also know from the Brief that the Fowler Center is interested in creating a Nobel-like prize to recognize businesses that act as agents of world benefit. So, some other constraints for our concepts might include:
- An explanation of how the best examples of these businesses will be surfaced and selected
- A process to share and archive the stories that are celebrated through this prize
- An outline for how this prize will be funded and financially self-sustaining.
It's worth noting that this is just a first stab at the constraints, and this list is unique to how I interpret the design challenge. What other constraints do you identify by reading the brief or thinking about your own approach to our question?
Also, the concepts we design may not address all constraints at once; in fact many concepts will only address a few at a time. Eventually through collaboration, refinement and prototyping, a concept will take shape where all of these constraints are being met.
Step 2: Review and Evaluate Constraints
This stage in the process is all about examining whether all of these constraints are real or imagined. Ask yourself: "Do I need all of these?"
As I thought about it I realized I had imposed another constraint – that of time – to this design challenge. Without knowing it, I had assumed that this Nobel-like prize would be offered once a year. Did anyone else do that? This illustrated one of my own biases that was limiting my thinking about the challenge. What happens when I remove this constraint – or push myself to think beyond this pre-set amount of time? For example, what if I come up with a way to identify and celebrate an exemplary business every second? Would I still meet the challenge Brief? Yes!
Step 3: Play with Constraints to Inspire New Designs
Removing my own constraint of time, I started to ask myself: what might I design if time weren't an issue?
The first thing that came to mind is to showcase a business that innovates for world benefit every time someone uses a search engine. I don't know for sure, but I would bet that someone is searching for something on the web just about every second of the day. This is where the seed for my idea, Prized in Every Search, came from.
Removing this artificial constraint was like lighting a spark – not just for a new concept, but for a new way of considering what we're being asked to do in this challenge.
And one final, related tip: draw your idea, even if it's abstract. It will force you to recognize elements of your concept that you might not have considered before or that you could use help with. In the case of Prized in Every Search, the mechanism to identity the audience for which the business advertisement targets is not well developed. Acknowledge the weakness so others can chime in and build on your idea, which in this case Vincent did with Wiki for Business World Benefit. Talk about teamwork!
What constraints might you play around with – either by adding or removing them – to help inspire new thinking in your concept designs? We're excited to see what everyone comes up with in the last week and a half of Concepting.


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Operation Radius: Gloucestershire, Worcestershire, Wiltshire, Oxfordshire, Herefordshire and further if required
Welcome to the website of Cheltenham and Cotswold LTD. Take a look around our website to explore the range of services we offer, examples of our work and our company ethos.
Below are photos of our current projects and previous projects we have worked on. You can find examples of all of the services we offer such as all aspects of plastering, dry-walling, lime rendering and insulation work.
We will update our website regularly with new pictures to show you the before, during and after stages of our work. Make sure to visit our site often to check our updates.
If we have ever completed some work for you, leave us a review here! It would be much appreciated and will help improve and expand our business further.


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About PAL Nutrients
Pal Nutrients is a premium manufacturer and supplier of high quality poultry feeds in India. The company is known for its top quality feeds which are manufactured using international standards and practices. Established in 2013, PAL Nutrients has its premium product quality and on time supply of the feeds to the clients. We are young, dynamic and ethical company which has a sustainable operation firmly embedded as a part of its corporate philosophy.
It produces and supplies poultry feeds of international quality in India and aiming PAN India supplies.
We are empowered with experienced professionals who make untiring efforts to offer a superior quality product range to our clients. Our experts employ hygienic methods to process our products in accordance with the international benchmarks of food and health. Further, our quality inspectors test these products on the basis of several parameters to ensure their premium quality. We also encompass a well furnished warehousing facility.


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The Culpeper Tourism Office & Visitors Center, located in the historic Train Depot welcomes local and out-of-town visitors with a wealth of community, regional and state information and is a wonderful resource for maps, brochures, and other guides to help make your visit enjoyable. Make the Visitors Center your first stop in town.
Contact Information:
111 S. Commerce Street
Culpeper, VA 22701
Phone: (540) 727-0611
Toll Free: 1-844-490-2577
Fax: (540) 727-0648
Department Staff & Emails:
Paige Read Director of Economic Development & Tourism email@example.com
Kristi Mashon Office Assistant & Visitors Center Coordinator firstname.lastname@example.com
Megan Gray Marketing Specialist email@example.com
Weekdays: 8:00 am - 5:00 pm
Saturday & Sunday: 9:00 am - 5:00 pm.
Sorry, we are closed New Year's Day, Easter, Thanksgiving, Christmas.


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3-[(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]propanol CAS:73842-99-6 is a building block of "1,3-propanediol" to be functionalized at one terminal.3-[(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]propanol CAS:73842-99-6 is colorless oil.3-[(tert-Butyldimethylsilyl)oxy]propanol CAS:73842-99-6 could be supplied in commercial size with competitive price.
Q1: Can I get some samples?A: Yes, It is no problem.If you need sample ,please contact with us.Q2: How to confirm the Product Quality before placing orders?A:Firstly,we will send the sample for your testing and also provide our testing result.Secondly,we could accept the third-party inspection.Q3:What's your MOQ?A:Normally,our MOQ is 1kg. But it could be according to your actual demandAny quantity is OK.Q4: How about delivery time?A:within 3-5 days after payment confirmed. (Chinese holiday not included)Q5:Is there a discount?A:Different quantity has different discount.Q6: How do you treat quality complaint?A:First of all, our quality control will ensure our quality in advance. If there is a real quality problem caused by us, we will provide good product again or refund your loss.


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Dorato is a supplier of feed mixers, engines and agricultural machineries. Agricultural machineries offered by Dorato includes John Berends implements, East Wind tractors, Murray Harrows, Murray agricultural equipment, Shearer, Connor Shea, Lamborghini, Sovema, MTD, Agri-Fab ATV quipment, Lyco Post driver, Ecotech, Chinese oil presses and pelletisers.
John Breeds products are available in a wide range, predominantly tractors with three point linkage mounted machines. The ploughs are used for heavy duty application. John Breeds products are reputed products with strongly built structure.
Dorato offers east wind tractors which are reliable tractors that meet the life style of farmers. Dorato supplies Murray Harrows and Murray agricultural equipment ideal for Australian domestic and world market. Murray harrows are quality tine harrow systems since 100 years. Murray has been manufacturing traditional harrows since 1903.
Dorato supplies innovative and quality farm machineries from John Shearer. John Shearer farm machineries are known for its strength and reliability. Connor Shea 8000 series pasture drill are also offered by Dorato along with spared for Connor Shea implements.


text: Sanne took her first entrepreneurial steps in Greece in 2013, where she set up her first startup: a platform for Greek product designers to export their products to other markets. In the following 3 years she won an award for best promising startup idea and learned all the tips & tricks of running an export business. In 2016 she decided to return to her home base in the Netherlands to focus on educating international entrepreneurs and helping them accelerate their business case. A year later she joined Noorderwind as partner. Noorderwind is a collective of serial entrepreneurs that use their business skills to speed up innovations that contribute to a better tomorrow.


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Horse Bone Marrow, and other Bizarre Acts of Hospitality
My recovery isn´t surprising, since I´ve been following the recommendations of various health professionals: eating plenty of calcium and protein; getting enough rest; physical therapy twice a week; smearing my leg daily with a salve of horse bone marrow.
Yes, horse bone marrow. Really. It was a present from my friend PT´s mom. Apparently it´s traditionally used to treat broken bones in the Oberlausitzer Bergland. The belief is that the horse marrow cells will strenghten your own bones. --My physical therapist assures me that this is utter nonsense, since skin isn´t permeable from the outside. But I figure that it can´t hurt, either, and the grease might give the skin on my ankle a supple, youthful look. Besides, I´m here to experience another culture, aren´t I? Is there a better way than by smearing myself with the last mortal remains of Black Beauty?
The horse bone marrow is yellow and fatty. I keep it in an old vitamin container in my refrigerator. It has a strong smell. Not good, but not terrible either-- just strong. I sleep in old socks so the stuff won´t get all over my sheets.
I didn´t ask where Mrs. PT obtained the horse bone marrow. Maybe somebody´s old nag died. Or maybe she got it at the butcher shop.
You can find horse meat at some butcher shops in Germany. Over here, horse is not just for Fido anymore. German people eat horse meat, too.
My former German professor, ID, was once forced to eat horse meat in order to avoid offending her German hosts. She was living with a family in the Rheinland at the time. They found out that she´d never experienced the great delicacy that is horse flesh, so they insisted on preparing it for her as a special treat.
'No, really,' I picture her saying. 'You don´t have to go through all that trouble just for me.`
When ID tells the story, she says, `The whole time I was eating it, I kept picturing a big, round horse butt.` As she says this, she habitually traces the outline of a horse´s rump in the air.
`What did it taste like?` we ask her.
'It reminded me of bear meat, actually.' --ID grew up in the wilds of north Idaho, where people eat things like bear and moose and cow brains and pig testicles. But not horse. Horses aren´t for eating, in Idaho. They´re kept as ´companion animals.` Children in Idaho (ID, for example) have ponies as pets and take them to 4-H shows.
And this, from my cultural biased North American perspective, is how it should be. I would never eat a horse. Or a dog, either.
But really, which is weirder, eating horse meat or rubbing horse bone marrow into your broken ankle?


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This wonderful Hydrangea variety with huge mop-head flowers is now available, looking fantastic, and covered in massive blooms in season.
Hydrangeas put on good amounts of healthy growth each year and quickly establish, and produce massive, bright flower clusters even when planted in a dull, shady spot. You can also use them as cut or dried flowers too. This large flowered mop-head variety has huge snowy white blooms, which literally cover the plant all summer when fully established.
Our special white mophead Hydrangeas are chunky healthy plants, that will flower well all summer and in to early Autumn.
Supplied covered in multiple flower heads in approx 2-3 litre containers in season, these are great value for the size.


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Queen's Theatre scoops Most Welcoming Theatre award in the East
PUBLISHED: 10:00 01 October 2018 | UPDATED: 11:20 01 October 2018
The Queen's Theatre has been crowned with the title of the Most Welcoming Theatre in the East for the third year in a row.
As part of the annual UK Theatre Awards, Most Welcoming Theatre is an opportunity for audiences across the country to celebrate their local theatre.
The Queen's Theatre in Billet Lane is among 12 regional and national winners who will be invited to the awards on Sunday, October 14 at London Guildhall, where an overall winner will be announced.
Douglas Rintoul, artistic director said: "At the Queen's Theatre we're reaching out to many more members of our community – who may not have previously felt able to visit the theatre – with several new initiatives: a more diverse programme, special ticket prices for under 26 year olds, relaxed and dementia-friendly performances, more audio described performances and £1 tickets for first-timers.
"This award is a real testament to the passion, care and pride embodied by our brilliant staff."
If you value what this story gives you, please consider supporting the Romford Recorder. Click the link in the orange box above for details.


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He reads his vows to his bride's daughter - what he says will make you cry!
On their wedding day, Brian not only read his vows for his beautiful bride - he did the same for his stepdaughter too. Watch this beautiful video now.
Tell us what you think of this wedding video featuring the groom reading vows to his bride's daughter. Do leave us a comment below!


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Interpretation of the blade work profile
After force curve, the blade work profile is another important area of evaluation of rowing skill. Definitions of the blade work curve were given in RBN 2009/10 and 2015/08, and here we will give more insight about its interpretation.
Similar to the force curve evaluation (RBN 2018/03), the measured blade work is compared with the target curve (Fig.1, in blue), which was derived based on data from the world's best rowers. These curves can be interpreted as the trajectory of the blade centre relative to the water: the X axis represents stroke length (horizontal oar angle), and the Y axis represents the vertical oar angle in degrees, where zero is the position of the blade's centre at water level, i.e., the blade if half-submerged. The blade is fully submerged at a -3o vertical oar angle, so it was chosen as the criterion for catch and release slips.
During the recovery, the vertical angle is positive, which means the blade centre is above water level (1). Ideally, the feathered blade should move horizontally at about +3o, and lower vertical angles (2) mean the blade may hit the water -this creates speed losses, especially in rough weather.
Before the catch, the blade usually rises up to 4-5o to create room for squaring and still keeping the lower edge above water level. Vertical angles higher than +5o mean "skying" the blade before the catch (3) – excessive rising of the blade (= moving the handle too low), usually doesn't allow the rower to perform a quick and effective catch.
After the catch, the blade must be quickly submerged into the water, so Catch Slip CS (4) indicates the horizontal oar travel from the catch (where it changes direction) to the point where it is fully submerged (where the vertical oar angle became less then -3o). The targets for CS are 6o in sculling and 9o in rowing.
A quick blade entry must coincide with rapid horizontal oar acceleration. This is one of the most difficult skills to learn in rowing, a type of "rowing art". If it is performed well, the blade quickly achieves the boat speed and enters the water as if it was still and not running relative to the boat.
Visually, good blade work at the catch looks like V-shaped combination of front and back splashes at high rates, or no splashes at all at low rates (Fig.2,a). If the blade hits the water too early, or the horizontal oar acceleration is too slow, back splash can be seen (Fig.2,b), which is an indication of braking force and inefficiency of the blade work at the catch. Catch Slip CS could be less than the target in this case, but it should be evaluated in conjunction with other indicators. Single front splash (Fig.2,c) is not as bad, but indicates a slow blade entry, giving a longer CS, decreasing the blade's propulsive efficiency.
Fig.3 shows blade work profiles and force curves, corresponding to visual images on Fig.2:
• Rower a has an 11o Catch Slip CS (slightly longer than the target), a good Catch Factor CF -27ms, a nice "connection" (acceleration of the body mass, connected to the acceleration of the handle) giving a good force curve.
• Rower b buries the blade too early without adequate horizontal acceleration (CS = 5o, CF = +2ms), so his force curve has a loop at the catch (RBN 2018/03), i.e., the blade creates a braking force.
• Rower c "skying" the blade, then "misses" the water at the catch: his blade entry is too slow, but his horizontal handle acceleration is quite fast (CS = 17o, CF = -45ms). He doesn't have any braking force or loops on the curve, but his force increases quite slowly after the catch.
During the drive, the blade trajectory should be as horizontal as possible at the depth of about -6o vertical angle (Fig.1,5). Effective Angle EA indicates a part of the total drive length of the fully submerged blade (vertical oar angle below -3o), and the targets for it are 84% in sculling and 80% in rowing. A short EA and a too shallow blade submersion (above -3o) decreases blade efficiency, because the top edge appears above water level, so only a part of the blade works productively. A too deep blade submersion is less harmful, but is not helpful because it takes more time and effort, and creates a reverse movement of the oar shaft and adds additional drag resistance (RBN 2015/08).
At the end of the drive, the blade should stay in the water to maintain propulsive efficiency, and then it must be quickly extracted. The Release Slip RS (Fig.1,6) indicates horizontal oar travel from the point where the top edge appears above water level (vertical oar angle becomes above -3o) to the finish, where the oar changes direction. The target numbers for RS are 12o in sculling and 9o in rowing.


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A story that resonates through the ages complete with perfect musical pairings makes this Christmas Carol by the St Albert Singers Guild both unique and festive.
Enjoy the timeless tale while two choirs intersperse a variety of Christmas songs as Scrooge realizes that a generous spirit is the ultimate meaning of Christmas and of life.
In an effort to reflect the true spirit of community, the choirs are asking the audience to please bring a donation to the St Albert Food Bank.
Tickets: $20 general admission
Friday, December 6 at 7:00 pm
Saturday, December 7 at 2:00 pm and 7:00 pm
St Albert United Church located at 20 Green Grove Drive, St. Albert
For tickets and information contact Verla at 780-418-4184
Call Verla at 780-418-4184 for tickets and more information.


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The Famous Descendants of the Mayflower Pilgrims
Accuracy aside, the Mayflower, the Pilgrims, the First Thanksgiving have all become part of our national origin myth, and it is unlikely to be debunked anytime soon.
One month into the voyage of the Mayflower, John Howland, an indentured servant from Huntingtonshire, could bear the smells and the damp and the darkness below deck no more. He went upstairs for some air.
A violent gale was blowing, and Howland had no experience trying to walk across the deck of a heaving ship. The Mayflower lurched leeward, and Howland was tossed to ship's rail. He failed to get a good grip, and tumbled into the sea. Fortunately, a rope from topsail halyard, the ship's upper sail, was dragging in the water.
Howland, a strong young man in mid-twenties, managed to grab the rope. Sailors hauled him toward the ship, then used a boat hook to get him back on deck. If it hadn't been for that rope, for Howland's lucky grab, and for the alertness of the crew, modern American history would be very different, because John Howland's descendants include the Bush political dynasty.
According to The Columbian magazine, the descendants of the 102 passengers aboard the Mayflower in 1620 now number around 20 million. Most of them, of course, were and are ordinary folk, but there have been some striking exceptions.
John Alden, one of the most famous of the Mayflower passengers, thanks to Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's 1858 poem, "The Courtship of Miles Standish," was a 21-year-old cooper, or barrelmaker. While most of the Pilgrims were Separatists — Calvinists who had separated from the Church of England because they believed it could never be reformed of "popish" customs such as having bishops and playing organs in churches — Alden was a member of the Church of England. As such, the Pilgrims referred to him as "a stranger." They referred to themselves as "saints." Nonetheless, given his youth and skills, he was a desirable addition to the colony, so they urged him to stay. And he did.
Alden married a fellow Mayflower passenger, the equally famous Priscilla Mullins. She was 16 years old when she came aboard the Mayflower with her parents. Tragically, they died from disease or cold within weeks of the ship's arrival. Among John and Priscilla's descendants are presidents John Adams and John Quincy Adams, the comedians Dick Van Dyke and his brother Jerry Van Dyke, actor-director-producer Orson Welles, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (very appropriately), and Marilyn Monroe.
One of the saddest and most scandalous Mayflower stories casts the spotlight on the four young children of the More family: Richard, Jasper, Ellen, and Mary. The oldest was 8-year-old Ellen, the youngest 4-year-old Mary. Their mother had had all four of them with a man who was not her husband. Their stepfather couldn't wait get them out of his sight, so when the Mayflower passengers advertised that they were looking for children to train as indentured servants in the New World, the unfeeling man signed up all four.
Like Priscilla Mullins' mother and father, three of the four More children succumbed during that terrible winter of 1620-1621. The surviving child was Richard. Among his distant descendants is George Washington.
There's a general impression out there that the arrival of the Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower marks the beginning of the United States, which has got to make descendants of the Jamestown settlement a bit peevish. Nonetheless, accuracy aside, the Mayflower, the Pilgrims, the First Thanksgiving have all become part of our national origin myth, and it is unlikely to be debunked anytime soon.
The Pilgrims intended to establish in America the small tightly knit communities they had known in England. So when they came ashore and found an empty Wampanoag village ready for the taking, it must have seemed to them that God had granted their wish. There was one cause for concern: the forest was full of Indian tribes who might help them or might exterminate them, depending on how the Pilgrims conducted themselves.
It went very well for a while, culminating in the Thanksgiving feast of 1621 which remains the model or inspiration for our own Thanksgiving dinners. Although whether the Pilgrims and the Wampanoag had turkey remains an open question.
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36 Notable Descendants of the Pilgrims
Presidents and Political Figures
- Ulysses S. Grant
- Franklin D. Roosevelt
- Sarah Palin
- Barbara Bush
- John Hancock
- Patrick Henry
Literary Types
- Laura Ingalls Wilder
- Helen Keller
- Harper Lee
- Jack London
- Robert Frost
- Ernest Hemingway
- Commodore Matthew Perry
- General George S. Patton
- Admiral Richard Byrd
- JP Morgan
- John D. Rockefeller
- The Wright Brothers
- Samuel Colt
- Alan B. Shepherd, Jr.
- Dr. Benjamin Spock
- Amelia Earhart
- Julia Child
Actors and Actresses
- Alec Baldwin
- Humphrey Bogart
- Jane Fonda
- Katharine Hepburn
- Bette Davis
- Grandma Moses
- Norman Rockwell
- Frank Lloyd Wright
- John Hinckley, Jr.
- Lizzie Borden
- Jesse James
- Lee Harvey Oswald
- Aaron Burr


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More in thisCategory
More BySusan Saltzgiver
Price: $5.99 USD (online download)
Psychedelic Rainbow cross stitch pattern... Rainbow colors make your eyes keep moving around as if in a psychedelic world. All whole stitches in this design.
©Crosstitch.com - all images and designs copyright and may not be used or shared without permission.


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Buying a home is a milestone for every Indian. And rightly so. The amount of time that goes into zeroing in on the home you want to buy and then the bank from which you want to borrow money does take time and energy. The research that goes into deciding which bank or finance corporation to borrow from is, in fact, one of the most important since it will determine how much EMI you end up paying.
But at times, no matter how much of research you put in, there could be a situation wherein you realise that you aren't able to comfortably pay the EMI on your home loan. If you thought that you would just have to live with this discomfort, think again. Thanks to home loan balance transfers, you can always transfer your existing home loan to a bank that is willing to offer a lower rate of interest or a longer tenure.
What is a balance transfer?
A balance transfer, as the name suggests is the shifting of an existing loan to another bank. Here's how it works:
- The balance on your existing loan is repaid by the new lender in full.
- You then start paying the EMI on that amount to the new lender under new terms.
When should you consider a balance transfer?
You should consider a balance transfer if you find another bank offering a lower rate of interest than that offered by the current bank.
Before you switch, though, you need to take a few things into consideration. This includes the cost of switching.
If you have borrowed money from a bank at a fixed rate of interest, you will be charged a pre-closure fee. This can range anywhere from 0.5% to 2% of the outstanding balance. In some cases, this fee can even be 5% of the outstanding loan amount.
Now, if there are a few years left before your loan matures, you need to see if switching your existing loan to that of another bank will actually have monetary benefits.
For instance , let's assume that you took a Rs.30 lakh home loan for 20 years. Of this, you have Rs.6 lakh left to pay for the next 2 years. You have paid the EMI for the last 18 years at 9.5% p.a. The pre-closure charge is 2% of the outstanding amount (Rs.12,000). The interest on your new home loan is 9.1% p.a. and the processing fee is 2% p.a.
The old EMI was Rs.27,964. The new EMI amount is Rs.27,438. The difference in EMI amounts is Rs.526. So, in a year you save Rs.6,312 and in two years you save Rs.12,624.
However, you paid Rs.12,000 as a pre-closure penalty. This means that by transferring the loan you actually end up saving only Rs.624. This amount is too small for the hassles involved in transferring your loan.
This is why it becomes important to calculate the actual cost of the transfer.
In general, you should consider a balance transfer when the remaining tenure on your loan is quite high. If your loan is close to maturity, you either don't save at all or the savings are marginal and isn't worth the hassle that comes with a balance transfer.
Things to keep in mind about pre-closure fees if you are considering refinancing your home loan
When it comes to transferring your home loan balance, here are a few things you should be aware of:
- As per RBI guidelines , pre-closure penalties can be charged by banks only if the interest rate on your home loan is fixed. Floating interest rates are not to be charged any fee. So, there is a significant amount you can save in this case.
- When it comes to loans taken from housing finance companies (HFC) , a pre-closure penalty can be levied only if you have a fixed interest rate package. However, if you repay the loan with money from your own sources , the HFC cannot charge you with a fine. Only in cases where the pre-payment of the loan is made using funds from another bank loan or HFC loan, can the existing HFC charge you a pre-closure fee.
- For home loans with special interest rate packages which allow you to pay a fixed rate of interest for a certain period of time and then a floating rate of interest, the rules remain the same. A penalty can be charged only if you refinance your home loan during the period when a fixed rate of interest is being charged.
Advantages of a home loan balance transfer
Apart from availing a lower rate of interest and hence having to pay less each month, there are other advantages to transferring the outstanding balance on your home loan from one bank to the other. They are:
- Minimum documentation: As part of your home loan process, you would have already submitted documents to the bank. So, it becomes much easier for the new loan provider to verify the documents. At most, you may have to provide a few more documents which should not be too much of a problem.
Ability to make prepayments: Even though you have closed your loan with your existing lender and have moved it to a different bank, you can still prepay your loan. The prepayment and pre-closure penalties remain the same.
No hidden fees: Apart from the processing fee and in some cases a documentation fee, there is no extra fee or charge involved if you do happen to transfer your loan from one bank to the other.
Eligible for a top-up loan: If you wish to take a top-up loan on the amount you have transferred, you are eligible to do so. If the bank you have switched to provides top-up loans, you can take up to 25% of the principal amount as a top-up loan. However, do keep in mind that your EMI will increase to reflect this change.
No CIBIL score impact: Your balance transfer doesn't affect your CIBIL score in any way. The new lender will not do a check on your CIBIL score again since the first lender would have already done so. As a result, your credit report will not be pulled up. If, however, you haven't made payments on your loan regularly, it will affect your CIBIL score.
Factors to keep in mind while considering a home loan balance transfer
- If the new loan offers a floating rate of interest, keep in mind that the interest rate could increase and you may not enjoy the low interest rate you currently do.
- Since the bank isn't allowed to charge a penalty on pre-closure if you have a home loan which charges a floating rate of interest, they could also offer you a lower rate. Banks will do this since they wouldn't want to lose a customer. This will save you the hassle of switching loans, submitting documents again, etc.
Now that you know all that there is to know about transferring your home loan, rest assured you will be able to make the right decision.


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When the school is oversubscribed and after the admission of pupils with an EHCP naming the school, priority will be given to those children who meet the criteria set out below, in priority order:
If the published admission number is exceeded within any criterion, priority will be given to those who live closest to the school. Distance is measured from the address point of the child's home to the address point of the academy using the NCC measuring process.
Northampton International Academy opened in 2016 with a year 7 cohort only and will operate a staggered intake which will increase by a year group each new academic year. As such, places for siblings will only become available as the academy grows, e.g. a year 8 cohort was taken from September 2017, a year 9 cohort from September 2018 and a year 10 cohort from September 2019.
'Sibling' means a natural brother or sister, a half brother or sister, a legally adopted brother or sister or half-brother or sister, a step brother or sister, or other child living in the same household who, in any of these cases, will be living with them at the same address at the dates of their entry to the Academy.
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