text:
|Title of Invention
|The invention relates to a method for applying paints or varnishes with the aid of an application device in order to apply a color design on surfaces of buildings or public or civil engineering works in accordance with a previously executed implementation of a digital image model in a previously recorded digital surface object that represents the surface of the object. According to the invention, the application device moves on the surface of the object while contacting the surface thereof, the position of the application device is continuously measured or calculated using motion sensors and paint is applied in accordance with said implementation depending on the position thus determined. Application of paint by the application device is automatically stopped if the position of the application device with respect to a predefined position error acceptance threshhold cannot be determined in a sufficiently accurate manner or if the corresponding paint or varnish has been fully applied in the position of the paint applying elements.
|Full Text
The invention relates to a method and device for the application of paints or varnishes in order
to color the object faces of objects like buildings and public and civil engineering works
according to an image template. These can be object faces for example of inside or outside
walls, floors and ceilings of residential or industrial buildings, but also object faces out of
concrete like bridges, tunnels and road construction works or walls for noise protection,
blinds or fixations or to surfaces of related species.
Today the afore mentioned object faces are without exception painted manually by paintbrush
or paint roller or are color-sprayed using an airgun. The paint serves for sealing purposes of
the wall on the one hand, but it is also utilized for decoration purposes. If image themes are to
be applied onto the mentioned surfaces by paint the paint application can only be performed
by talented craftspeople or artists, a process which is normally tedious and thus expensive.
Often there can be an essential dicrepancy between the expectations of the client and the
finalized image. A pure technical method would be desirable, which makes it possible to
apply an image theme according to a template onto the mentioned surfaces by using paints or
varnishes without requiring artistic skills and which additionally ensures a high quality of
image recording. So it is obvious, that a method and a device do not exist, which allow for
example to apply a color design according to a digital template onto surfaces of architectural
objects like buildings and public and civil engineering works.
Based on that fact it is the task of the invention to create a simple and fast, thereby a
costeffective as well as reliable method to apply paints or varnishes onto foremost
architectural object surfaces, with the purpose to apply an arbitrary color design.
The technical solution is characterized as in claim 1.
According to claim 1 the application device is brought into contact with the surface and is
moved arbitrarily on the surface. The application device measures its position continuously by
use of a non-contact positioning system or additional motion sensors and it applies paint
depending on the position measured in accordance with said implementation. In doing so the
application device stops the application of paint automatically, if its position with respect to a
predetermined position error acceptance threshold cannot be determined sufficiently accurate
or paint has already been fully applied in the position of the paint applying elements.
By this a fast and reliable method is created, by which it is possible, to apply existing digital
image data onto arbitrary faces of objects like buildings and public and civil engineering
works. The herewith claimed method allows the operator of the paint application device to
work intuitively by moving the device in an arbitrary sequence over arbitrary positions of the
object face. This intuitive way of operation especially enables to paint the surface completely,
also around protrusions, balconies, doors, windows, sills or cornices.
The method according to the invention is based on the thought to transfer the color
information of every image pixel, which was previously stored into a file, to the objetct
surface, by measuring the position of the paint application device continously and by applying
paint after having compared the stored color information with the corresponding position of
the paint application device. To apply a color design according to the method of the invention,
it is a prerequisite that the object face has been recorded previously by using measurement
techniques, resulting in a digital object, which is for example a CAD- representation of the
surface, and that next to this a template of the desired design object has been implemented
according to the designer's wishes, i.e., there is a geometric assignment of the color data to
the real positions of the object face available, see Fig. 1. Color properties of the original
object surface could have been implemented as well, if having been recorded additionally,
thus making it possible to include existing color features into the design or to compensate
unwanted color features like spots on the surface.
When the movable paint application device is moved over the object face, the position
measurement system continuously supplies the actual position. Due to the known position of
each single paint application element within the design of the device and the known position
of the paint application device relative to the object face the position of every paint
application element is computed in realtime. The control unit then fetches the color values
from the surface object, which is stored in the system memory as assigned to the position-
coordinates, and sends exactly timed commands for color application to the individual paint
nozzles. Once a virtual color pixel has been fully applied onto the object face the pixel is, for
example, assigned the attribute "done", switched passive or the color value is pasted by a
value, which does not result in a color application. By this an unintended multiple color
application at a single point can be avoided.
At least once every point of object face has to be passed over by the application head during
paint application. Thanks to the integrated position calculation a countinous motion of the
device is not required, because at any time the device compares the actual position with
respect to the stored image to be recorded and commands for paint application are only
launched, if paint has to be applied at that position, and has not already been finalized by an
earlier stroke of the device.
The position measurement of the paint application device can be done in multiple ways by use
of position measurement systems, see also the system chart in Fig. 2. These may be devided
into two cathegories:
The systems herein referred to as first measurement system measure the position of movable
components in relation to fixed landmarks, herein called satellites, also as part as of the first
measurement system. The movable parts of the first measurement system can be included into
the paint application device. It is a characteristic of the first measurement system, that there
has to be an intervisibility between the satellites and the moving components. Intervisibility
can be often disturbed, for example by scaffoldings, cornices or branches, and position
sensing is interrupted.
The systems herein referred to as second measurement system measure the motion of the
paint application device for example by sensors, which are included in the paint application
device and which do not utilize fixed landmarks. These are for example linear and rotational
acceleration sensors, rotational rate sensors, velocity sensors, magnetometers, inclinometers,
and imaging sensors, which inspect a small area of the object face, from which the motion is
calculated for example by correlation methods. The measurement methods of the second
measurement system are further characterized in being fast, being not able to sense an
absolute position and being sensitiv to drift.
The accuracy requirements of the position sensing are high: When assuming an absolute
image resulution of 0.5 mm in a range of 10 meters a realtive accuracy of 50 ppm is resulting.
In parallel it is required, that the paint application device can be moved sufficiantly fast at any
point of the object face and thereby being always able to measure its position with the
necessary rate.
Some measurement methods according to the first measurement system can only provide a
low measurement rate. So, position information is not permanently available, also and
especially in case of disturbed intervisibility between satellites and the movable components.
On the other hand the much faster methods as used in the second measurement system are
suited to overtake navigation for short time periods. It is obvious, that combining both allows
for covering the object face completely on the one hand and allows for a high feed rate on the
other hand.
Assuming a paint application device operated manually by an operator the device control acts
as follows, see Fig. 10:
The operator brings the paint application device into contact with the object surface by
pressing it against the surface. When the color application is started by a command from the
operator, it is checked first if position informations are available from the first measurement
system. For this intervisiblity has to be possile between the relevant components of the first
measurements system. If not, the operator has to be informed, either by a negative message or
by not providing a positive message, and the operator is instructed to move the paint
application device over the surface, until the first measurement system supplies a valid
position. This position is used by the paint application control and to initialize the second
measurement system. Initializing can simply mean to reset the initial conditions of the motion
sensors. Now follows the computation of the position based on the available measurement
data as provided from the first and the second measurement system. In this case, right after an
initialization, the position calculated is identical to the position provided from the first
measurement system. A positioning error is estimated and handed over to a range check
routine to get a decesion, whether paint may be applied or not. If the position error exceeds an
accepatance threshhold, the color application is stopped and the afore described process of
finding an initial position has to be repeated. Typically, the estimated position error does not
exceed the acceptance threshhold, so paint application can be performed and new position
data can be read. The described cycle is running so fast, that the paint application device has
already moved due to the velocity of the motion. So a position error is produced due to said
motion and furthermore by the fact, that every paint application head induces a definite time
delay when transporting the paint onto the surface. As a consequence the resulting position
error has to be corrected for example by implementing position offsets. Practically this means,
that those color values of the color - position assignment are forwarded to the color
application head for paint application, which according to the color - position assignment are
located ahead of the actual realtime position. The position offset generally is a function of the
velocity and the acceleration. It is recommended to additionaly evaluate and check the
acceleration of the device before applying paint in order to automatically prevent paint
application during jerkey motions. After having applied paint, the first measurement system is
checked for a valid position. A position may by invalid, if intervisibility is disturbed, as
already explained above, or if the measurement rate of the first measurement system is lower
than the actual cycle speed of system. If there are new data available from the first
measurement system, the calculation of the actual position may be based on actual position
data as well as past position data. If not, a message will be sent to the operator and the
subsequent position calculation will only be based on actual measurement data from the
second measurement system and past position information. In both cases the position error is
evaluated and checked before issuing the paint application command. It is obvious, that when
moving the paint application device far into an area, where intervisibility fails, the position
error increases from cycle to cycle and finally the paint application is stopped automatically.
Based on the messages the operator is able to recognize regions, where intervisibility issues
within the first measurement system occur. If he has identified an aforesaid region, he is
advised to bring the paint application device into contact with the object face at a point of
known position and to move the device into the said region shortest or quickest path. In case
of a very large reagion, when also repeated action does not result in a paint application, the
opertator is advised to mount additional landmarks of the first measurement system.
List of figures:
Fig. 1: Preparatory work
Fig. 2: Complete system
Fig. 3: Paint application head
Fig. 4: Extended paint application head
Fig. 5: First embodiment of the first measurement system
Fig. 6: Second embodiment of the first measurement system
Fig. 7: Landmark
Fig. 8: Third embodiment of the first measurement system
Fig. 9: Embodiment of a paint application system using a measurement system according to
Fig. 8
Fig 10: Control strategy
Fig. 11: and Fig. 12: First embodiment of the paint application device
Fig. 13: Second embodiment of the paint application device
Fig. 14: Third embodiment of the paint application device
Fig. 15: Paint application nozzle distance control
Fig. 16: Paint application using the paint application device according to Fig. 14
Fig. 17: Facade painting system using a cable feed
Fig. 18: Autarc robotic system
At the beginning of the work procedure the satellites as a subsystem of the first measurement
system, see embodiments Fig. 2, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 8, are mounted by the operator at fix
positions. They define the reference coordinate system. For the functionality of the first
measurement system it is necessary, that intervisbility is established between the paint
application device and a minimal required number of satellites. This requirement may,
normally, not be fulfilled at all points of the surface. But by mounting a large number of
satellites the coverage of the object face can be optimized.
It is recommended to mount the satellites already when evaluating the geometry properties of
the object face. By this the recording of the geometry and the paint application can be
performed within the same coordinate system.
It is a common charcteristic of the previously mentioned first measurement systems to utilize
the linear propagation of waves of short wavelength, like light waves, IR-radiation,
microwave radiation or ultrasound, for the position measurement. Positions may be computed
from measured angles or elapsed time by techniques of prior art. Some of the known methods
are called optical tracking in literature. For explanation some possibilities shall be described
Fig. 5 is a sketch of an embodiment of a measurement system containing a number of
satellites at fixed positions. Using PSDs they measure their angular position relative to
sources of modulated light located on the paint application device. The data is transmitted to a
microprocessor, which calculates position information.
Fig. 6 depicts an embodiment of a photometric measurement system with one or more
cameras and/or IR-cameras. The position of the paint application device is determined by
numerical feature extraction and localistion techniques to known visual characteristics of the
paint application device. This procedure can be much simplyfied, if the object face and/or the
paint application device contain light-emitting, reflecting or absorbing (for example colored)
landmarks. Fig. 7 illustrates an embodiment of a landmark. A photometric system is
furthermore well-suited to record color properties of the object face, which can be utilized for
color adjustment for example.
In Fig. 8 a first measurement system is depicted comprizing a scanning laser system. It
contains a laser source 32, a beam deflection unit 33 and an integrated photoelectric
transducer 34. The beam is scanned according to a prescribed temporal course over the object
face 12 and the application device 1. The backscattered light 31 is recorded by the
photoelectric transducer 34 and an image is reconstructed containing the object face and the
paint application device. Also the aforementioned high-contrast landmarks may be involved
In a variant of the system as depicted in Fig. 8 additional light sensors are comprized within
the paint application device, see Fig. 9. In the embodiment two rows of photoelectric
transducers 35 detect the exact time of the laser beam when crossing the transducers thus
allow to determine the position of the paint application device with respect to the known
temporal course of the laser beam.
While above mentioned examples are well known as Outside-In Measurement Methods to
experts, it may further be mentioned, that the first measurement system may also function
according the known Inside-Out Measurement Methods by inverting the functional direction.
Furthermore the position measurent methods based on propagation delay, on the doppler
effect and on interference measurements shall not be excluded from being well-suited for use
in the first position measurement system.
The second measurement system is used for the transition navigation in cases, when the first
measurement system either is unable to supply position data in sufficient rate due to a
measurement frequency, which is low by principle, or due to an interrupted intervisibility
between the paint application device and a critical number of satellites. Sensors out of the
prior art may be employed to measure one or more linear and/or rotational velocities and/or
one or more linear and/or rotational accelerations.
Normally these systems can not carry out an absolute position sensing.
Supplementary information for the calculation of a position can be gained with the aid of
inclinometers and/or magnetometers.
A further possibility to provide position information is to record the object face by a
photoelectric transducer, like a scanner or camera, followed by processing a feature
extraction. Appropriate features may be the already recorded part of the image, if it is rich in
contrast, a reference pattern or constructive features, for example edges. A quality
improvement can be achieved by determining the color value of the surface before and after
paint application, and based on that information calculate the color amount continously by a
control algorithm.
Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 show a first embodiment of a paint application device from different
views. An inertial measurement system 6 and velocity sensors 7 provide motion information
in addition to the first measurement system, as represented by a landmark 5. The inertial
system comprizes for example an angular rate sensor to measure the rotational velocity of the
paint application device around an axis perpendicular to the object face and an linear
acceleration sensor measuring the acceleration in motion direction. A pressure sensor 53
allows to control the paint supply pressure. The array of paint application elements is
designed to laterally protrude the rollers 3 laterally by a defined length, the overlap 51, see
Fig. 11. The overlap is beneficial, when using slowly drying paint, because it allows painting
without getting the wheels 3 into contact with previously applied, wet paint.
Fig. 13 shows a second embodiment of a paint application device 1 according to the method
of the invention, which is especially suited to perform reparations or to add finishing touches.
The device comprizes sliding elements 3 to move it over the object face and a paint
application head 24, comprizing special paint nozzles 37, which are chamfered at the lateral
edges. By this paint can also be applied in very concave edges and corners. An image
scanning device 38 directed towards the object face enables to capture a partial image and
thus to identify the own position with respect to the image. Different display and user
interface elements allow to control the device.
When moving the paint application device over the object face beeing in contact with the
same it has to be secured, that the distance and the angle between the paint application nozzles
and the object face are well defined. This can, for example, be achieved by the use of wheels,
rollers, also paint rollers or sliding elements.
Fig. 14 shows a third embodiment of a paint application device 1 comprizing an automatic
control of the distance between the paint application elements and the object face, and
comprizing a possibility to additionally apply a wet priming coat by an integrated paint roller
40. The device allows to perform paint application in a similar way of operation as using a
paint roller. Coaxially within the hub of the roll there is a servo motor 41 for actuating the
portion of the paint application device 1, which contains the paint nozzles 2, relative to the
handhold with the integrated fluid supply 43. In the position 42 only a priming coat is
applied, for example an emulsion paint, in the common way. After the application of the
priming coat at a certain point of the object face, that part of the paint application device,
which includes the paint nozzles 2, is rotated towards the object face by the servo motor, and
a constant distance between the paint nozzles and the object face is maintained by using
distance sensors 39, see the control diagram in Fig. 15. In the depicted emodiment the lateral
dimensions of the paint application head exceed the roller 40 lateraly.
Fig. 16 illustrates the procedure of color application using the device as depicted in Fig. 14.
Priming coat and decorative layer may be applied subsequently or at the same time. To
prevent smearing, the overlap 51 has to be permanently maintained.
Fig. 17 shows an embodiment of an autarc paint application device for facades. The paint
applicaton device is suspended at a cable, which is fed over a pulley, thus allowing vertical
motions. Horizonatal motions are applied be moving the pulley on a horizontal rail.
Fig. 18 shows as an embodiment an autarc, robotic paint application device with a low
pressure suction mechanism 50. The mechanism, an autarc drive and steerability allow
for a free motion also on vertical surfaces. The route of the device is roughly
predetermined by the built-in controller 4. Based on the position measurement and the
knowledge of the past route the paint application device calculates the future route
automatically. Preferably three wheels 3, which are optionally steerable, are used to
move the device on the surface.
Fig.3 sketches a paint application head 24 of the paint application device, comprising
three rows of paint spraying nozzles 20, 21, 22 for different primitive colours. Each paint
is supplied through an inlet pipe from local or peripheral tanks. Fig. 4 shows a paint
application head 24 comprising additional paint application elements 23 for applying a
priming coat or conversion coating.
There are numerous technical possibilities to realise paint application arrays. Thereby
the individual paint nozzles work as claimed in the different techniques known from the
prior art. As appropriate techniques for example the compressed air spraying, the low
pressure spraying, the airless spraying, airmix spraying, supercritical spraying and hot
spraying may be mentioned.
Just as well drop-on demand methods, which produce single droplets and catapult them
onto the working surface, may be employed within a paint application device.
Fast drying paints or hot-melt paints are preferably used for paint application. If not
applicable, paints are to be preferred, which cure fast when exposed to heat, to UV-
radiation or to an air stream. In those cases the paint application device comprises
means for paint curing, setting or fixing at its bottom side, for example a UV-lamp, an air
fan or thermal radiator.
In a variant further layers are applied in parallel to the colour layer within the same
working operation, for example a ground coat or a conversion coating or a coating, that
fixes the colour layer chemically. Paint application elements of the paint application array
may be utilised for this purpose or there may be additional paint application elements in
front of or behind the paint nozzles, which respect to the moving direction. These may be
designed identical or different as the paint application elements.
The ground coat may also be an emulsion paint, into which the color particles are embedded,
either within the wet state of the emulsion paint or as a result of a solubility during color
List of Symbols:
1 Paint application device; 2 Array of color applying elements; 3 Roller/sliding devices; 4
Microcomputer; 5 Light source, heat source; 6 Inertial measurement system as part of the
second measurement system; 7 Optical velocity sensor as part of the second measurement
system; 8 Paint reservoir; 9 Battery; 10 Handhold; 11 Fluidsupply; 12 Surfaceof the object; 13
Satellite of the first measurement system; 14 Position sensing device (PSD) or camera; 15
Optical lens; 16 Obstacle, disturbance; 17 Beam of modulated light 1; 18 Beam of modulated
light 2; 19 Fixation; 20 Paint nozzle for a first basic color; 21 Paint nozzle for a second basic
color; 22 Paint nozzle for a third basic color; 23 Paint application elements for applying a
ground layer or finishing layer; 24 Paint application head; 25 UV-light source for layer
curing; 26 Landmark; 27 Camera chip, projected image; 28 Substrate, transparent; 29
Reference distance; 30 Emitted laser beam; 31 Scattered beam; 32 Laser source; 33 Beam
deflection unit; 34 photoelectric transducer; 35 Retroreflecting Landmark or photoelectric
transducer array; 36 Display, user interface; 37 Paint application head, tilted; 38 Image
scanner; 39 Distance sensor; 40 Paint roll; 41 Coaxial servo motor; 42 Position for applying
base coat; 43 Handle including media supply; 44 Fresh base coat; 45 Original surface; 46
Base coat; 47 Decorative paint coat; 48 Horizontal rail; 49 Vehicle comprizing a pulley, an
integrated drive, and a system control; 50 Low pressure suction mechanism; 51 Overlap; 52
Valve block; 53 Pressure sensor
1. A method for applying paints or varnishes with the aid of an application device in order to
apply a colour design on surfaces of buildings or public or civil engineering works as claimed
in a previously executed implementation of a digital image model into a digital object, which
represents the surface of the object, comprising the steps of
bringing the application device into contact with the surface and moving it arbitrarily on
the surface,
continuously measuring the position of the application device by use of a non-contact
positioning system or additional motion sensors,
applying paint in accordance with said implementation depending on the position
stopping the application of paint automatically, if paint has already been fully applied at
the positions of the paint applying elements.
2. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the application of paint is stopped automatically, if
the position cannot be determined sufficiently accurate with respect to a predetermined
position error acceptance threshold.
3. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the application device is maintained in
contact with the surface by manually pressing it onto the surface or by applying a
vacuum between the application device and the surface.
4. . Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the positioning system is based on position
measurement methods, which utilise fix entities in relation to the surface, to measure
position information relative to, in particular by applying the methods of distance
measurement, angular measurement, telemetry, photometries or imaging measurement
5. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a positioning method is used, which utilizes
optoelectronic means to identify position relevant characteristics of the surface in the
near range of the application device.
6. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein motions of the application device are
measured to derive position information thereof from, in particular velocity and/or
rotational velocity and/or acceleration and/or rotational acceleration.
7. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein additionally the tilt of the application device
within the earth gravity field and/or the orientation of the application device in
relation to the earths magnetic field is measured and utilised for the position
8. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surface object is recorded by at least one
method as described in one of the claims 3 to 6.
9. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between the paint applying
elements and the surface of the object is adjustable.
10. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the application device is moved manually.
11. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the application device is moved semi-
12. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the application device is moved automatically.
13. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the application device comprizes at least one
nozzle element, in particular a spraying element.
14. Method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the application device comprizes a row or an
array of spraying elements.
15. A device for carrying out the method as claimed in one of the preceding claims,
a movable application device for applying paints and varnishes,
a position measurement means with respect to the device,
a movement measurement means with respect to the device,
means to adjust the distance between the paint applying device and the surface of the
object when brought into contact.
The invention relates to a method for applying paints or varnishes with the aid of an
application device in order to apply a color design on surfaces of buildings or public or civil
engineering works in accordance with a previously executed implementation of a digital
image model in a previously recorded digital surface object that represents the surface of the
object. According to the invention, the application device moves on the surface of the object
while contacting the surface thereof, the position of the application device is continuously
measured or calculated using motion sensors and paint is applied in accordance with said
implementation depending on the position thus determined. Application of paint by the
application device is automatically stopped if the position of the application device with
respect to a predefined position error acceptance threshhold cannot be determined in a
sufficiently accurate manner or if the corresponding paint or varnish has been fully applied in
the position of the paint applying elements.
1127-KOLNP-2004-CORRESPONDENCE 1.1.pdf
1127-KOLNP-2004-CORRESPONDENCE 1.3.pdf
1127-kolnp-2004-correspondence 1.4.pdf
1127-kolnp-2004-description (complete).pdf
1127-kolnp-2004-examination report.pdf
1127-kolnp-2004-form 13 1.1.pdf
1127-kolnp-2004-form 18 1.1.pdf
1127-kolnp-2004-form 3 1.1.pdf
1127-kolnp-2004-form 5 1.1.pdf
1127-kolnp-2004-granted-description (complete).pdf
1127-kolnp-2004-granted-form 1.pdf
1127-kolnp-2004-granted-form 2.pdf
1127-kolnp-2004-priority document.pdf
1127-kolnp-2004-reply to examination report 1.1.pdf
1127-kolnp-2004-reply to examination report.pdf
1127-kolnp-2004-translated copy of priority document.pdf
|Patent Number
|Indian Patent Application Number
|PG Journal Number
|Publication Date
|Grant Date
|Date of Filing
|Name of Patentee
|Applicant Address
|PCT International Classification Number
|PCT International Application Number
|PCT International Filing date
PCT Conventions:


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The Gulf Oyster Situation Is Very Bad, But There's Hope
By Dan Nosowitz
There are several huge, pressing problems facing oysters in the Gulf. The Deepwater Horizon oil spill killed billions of oysters, droughts and floods upwards from the rivers that feed the Gulf have fed damaging amounts of sedimentation into the ocean, and pollution and development remain major issues. But, according to a big new report from the Nature Conservancy, there is hope—and even a plan.
EcoWatch Daily Newsletter
Hurricanes, Water Wars Threaten New High-End Oyster Industry on Gulf Coast
By Daniel R. Petrolia and William C. Walton
For Cainnon Gregg, 2018 started out as a great year. After leaving his job as an installation artist to become a full-time oyster farmer in Wakulla County, Florida in 2017, Gregg began raising small oysters in baskets or bags suspended in the shallow, productive coastal waters of Apalachicola Bay.
Raising oysters "off-bottom" this way takes a lot of time and money, but has a big potential payoff. They are destined for the high-end raw bar market, where offerings are denoted by specific appellations, like "Salty Birds" (Cainnon's oysters), "Navy Coves" (from Alabama) and "Murder Points" (also from Alabama), and can retail for twice the price of oysters harvested from traditional on-bottom reefs.
- Long Island Brewer Launches 'Good Reef Ale' to Help Restore New ... ›
- Extreme Weather Threatens Wild Gulf Coast Oysters - EcoWatch ›
Can Eating Oysters Make You Sick?
Food poisoning cases linked to eating oysters and other shellfish from New England waters have jumped from five cases in 2000 to 147 in 2013. A study from the University of New Hampshire links this increase to warming ocean waters.
The culprit is a bacteria called Vibrio. It infects seafood and causes 80,000 illnesses and 100 deaths each year, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). It is most common when waters are warmer, typically from May to October. Now, as climate change is warming even the typically cool New England coastal seas, the bacteria is spreading.
Ocean Warming Is 'Greatest Hidden Challenge of Our Generation' - EcoWatch https://t.co/LbW76Egskk @ClimateDesk @EarthVitalSigns— EcoWatch (@EcoWatch)1473197430.0
''In the last 10 or 20 years, it's become very apparent that there is something going on,'' said one of the researchers, Stephen Jones, of the Northeast Center for Vibrio Disease and Ecology at the University of New Hampshire.
Vibriosis can cause vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, fever and chills. A bout typically lasts three days, but those with weakened immune systems or certain medical conditions can experience more serious symptoms.
A separate study published in August in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences looked at 50 years of data from water samples in the North Atlantic. They found a direct correlation between rising water temperatures and increased Vibrio infections in both the U.S. and Europe.
Rita Colwell, one of the study's authors, told National Geographic, "We were able to show a doubling, tripling—in some cases quadrupling—of the Vibrio over that 50-year period."
Flickr/Jeremy Keith
Similar reports have come from Alaska as well.
Vibrio first made its appearance there in 2004, when 62 cruise ship passengers were sickened after eating raw oysters from Prince William Sound. A year later, the New England Journal of Medicine published a study that linked the outbreak to increased water temperatures.
The threshold level of danger comes when water reaches 59 degrees Fahrenheit. The study showed that the water temperature at the oyster farm where the infected mollusks were harvested had increased from 1997 to 2004. The temperature exceeded the critical level for the first time in July and August of 2004.
Then, Vibrio began to spread. From Prince William Sound to the Gulf of Alaska and Cook Inlet, over the next nine years 22 marine animals known to eat shellfish—sea otters, a beluga whale and a porpoise—were found to be carrying the bacteria.
The cold waters off Maine and New Hampshire have made Vibrio rare in the region. But, the Gulf of Maine is warming faster than 99.9 percent of the world's oceans. That has already decimated the lobster industry in Southern New England.
Bad News for Lobster Lovers https://t.co/kcCuovtuob @savingoceans @SeafoodWatch— EcoWatch (@EcoWatch)1474927252.0
"In the North Atlantic, we are seeing a northern march of whole ecosystems toward the poles as the planet warms: predators, prey, and in the case of Vibrio, the parasites as well, moving with their hosts up the globe," said Andrew Pershing, chief scientific officer at the Gulf of Maine Research Institute.
Vibriosis isn't the only concern coming from warming waters. In recent months, Massachusetts, Maine and Rhode Island have been forced to close many areas to shellfishing due to numerous toxic algae outbreaks. They have since been reopened.
As winter approaches, colder sea temperatures reduce the risk of Vibrio bacteria. Current sea temperatures along the coast of New England are in the upper 40s to about 50 degrees, according to NOAA data, well below the danger level. Alaskan waters range from 33 degrees in Cook Inlet along the Kenai Peninsula to 45 in Prince William Sound and 46 in the Gulf of Alaska.
The CDC recommends cooking shellfish, washing your hands after contact with raw shellfish and avoiding contaminating cooked foods with raw shellfish or its juices. For those who love raw oysters, though, it may be wise to ask where they came from and check the NOAA coastal water temperatures or another app for that location. Or you can follow this common lore, which states that we should only be eating shellfish, especially oysters, in months with the letter "R."
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Climate News Network
By Tim Radford
Bad news for American gourmets: the commercial oyster industry in the Pacific Northwest has been failing for several years, and may go on failing as increasingly acid oceans put the larvae of the bivalve Crassostrea gigas seriously at risk.
Photo courtesy of Shutterstock
The good news is that U.S. scientists now know exactly why things are going wrong in the oyster beds, which opens up the possibility of commercial hatcheries finding ways to get around the problem.
First, the facts: as carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the atmosphere rise inexorably, so the gas dissolves in water and falls as a very weak carbonic acid rain, with a subtle but measurable change in the pH values of the planet's oceans.
There have always been dissolved gases in rainwater, but as long as pH levels remain stable, the oceans' corals and molluscs not only adapt, they subtly exploit the water chemistry to build stronger bones and shells.
Sensitive to Change
Oysters seem unusually sensitive to changes in pH, but marine biologist George Waldbusser and research colleagues at Oregon State University report in Geophysical Research Letters that the failure of the oyster harvest isn't a simple case of acid waters dissolving calcium carbonate shells.
Instead, water high in dissolved CO2 tends to alter the shell formation rates, the energy usage and ultimately, the growth and survival of young oysters.
Females tend to produce eggs by the million as water temperatures reach around 20 degrees Celsius. Once fertilized and hatched, the embryos have about two days to start building a shell. Raised CO2 levels in the water impose an extra energy cost for the little shell-builders.
Mature oysters can take their time and assemble calcium carbonate production more slowly, but larvae don't have the time. Their only energy supply is the nourishment in the egg.
"From the time eggs are fertilized, Pacific oyster larvae precipitate roughly 90 percent of their body weight as calcium carbonate shell within 48 hours," Dr. Waldbusser says. "They must build their first shell quickly on a limited amount of energy—and, along with the shell, comes the organ to capture external food."
Death Race
"It becomes a death race of sorts. Can the oyster build its shell quickly enough to allow its feeding mechanism to develop before it runs out of energy from the egg?", the report asks.
Armed with this insight into oyster bed ecology, the scientists say, there are interventions that can be introduced at hatcheries that may offset some of the effects of ocean acidification. Some hatcheries have started to "buffer" the water supplies in commercial hatcheries that supply the marine and estuary oyster beds—essentially, adding antacids to incoming waters.
However, what may be hopeful news for fish farmers may not be such good news for the wild oyster, which will no doubt experience more stress in its native waters as CO2 levels go on rising.
The research matters at one level because Pacific oyster farming is now a billion-dollar business, and at another because it exposes something of the intricate connection between sea-dwelling creatures and the chemistry of the sea.
It is also a reminder that any creature faces different hazards at every stage of its life cycle.
"We suggest that the predictions of winners and losers in a high CO2 world may be better informed by calcium carbonate kinetics, bioenergetics, ontogeny and life-history characteristics than by shell mineralogy alone," said the report's authors.
Visit EcoWatch's CLIMATE CHANGE and FOOD pages for more related news on this topic.


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If I could do anything with my days what would I do? What adventures would I choose? What life would I live?
These questions have been on my mind a lot lately. I want my life to be a strong reflection of who i am. I don't want to lose sight of what I enjoy. Days are precious and I have I want to be fulfilled and not wanting.
Being surrounded by nature gives me so much enjoyment, as a city dweller there is definitely a void. I want to spend more time filling my yard with beautiful flowers and growing beds full of vegetables. I want to use the bounty of my garden to make fruit pies and and vegetable stews. I want to make jelly, preserves, pickles and shrubs. I want bouquets of flowers to fill my home.
Hiking through the forest and being near water has always given me peace. I want to spend more days out in the woods spying on animals, splashing through creeks and catching sunbeams through the canopy of trees.
I want to host dinner parties for my loved ones. Themed events with fabric napkins, table settings, fresh flowers in vases. The full spread with a cheese board, appetizers, a roast, fancy drinks and fun desserts. I want to take photos to document the details of the event.
Vacations are always so memorable. They give you new insight to the world that surrounds you and refresh your soul. I want to plan big trips to Tokyo and Iceland. I also want to plan day trips to an orchard near our home and a weekend visit to Chicago.
So, here I sit reflecting on this information and planning my adventures and events for the future.


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Joe and Chris Shortino established Shortino & Associates in 1985 in Dallas, Texas. Our Agency was started and concentrated on small businesses marketing Group Occupational Accident Coverage, Group and Individual Health Insurance Coverage, Dental Plans, and Life Insurance. We became associated with the Towing Industry in 1987 and have worked with the Industry Statewide.
For Individuals, Groups, and Businesses
For Individuals, Groups, and Businesses.
An Alternative to Workers Compensation. Protect your employees at an affordable rate.


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Tuesday, November 3, 2020 - 1:30pm to 2:30pm
Zoom conference call
Now 1st and 3rd Tuesdays of the month - 1:30pm to 2:30pm.
The Death and Dying Study Group usually focuses on articles, poems, and the like that are available on-line or are easily sent out to the study group as a PDF. We have a common interest to learn more about death and dying by reading or viewing, discussing, hearing each other.
Participation in the study group is open to all but the Zoom meetings are done by password-protected invitation email. Anyone who is interested should contact Mike Maier at firstname.lastname@example.com


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Hand: Main Hand, Canterbury Chart. Ant. H.68
- Name
- Main Hand
- Manuscript
- Canterbury Chart. Ant. H.68
- Script
- Unspecified
- Scribe
- Unspecified
- Date
- Saec. xi1/4
- Place
- CaCC
Stokes, English Vernacular Script, ca 990–ca 1035, Vol. 2 (PhD Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006)
This document was written with a thin pen and no shading. The script is very angular and slightly forward-leaning, and many of the strokes are straight; downstrokes are upright, and the tops of normally curved letters like a, c, e, h, m, n, are straight and angled slightly upwards. Ascenders are straight and relatively long, sometimes the length of minims but often longer, and have horizontal approach-strokes which create slightly split tops rather than proper wedges. Descenders are longer still but are not particularly straight: they also also lack a consistent curve but instead are slightly shaky and vary in direction. Minims are straight but slightly forward-leaning and are largely parallel; they have wedges or approach-strokes and horizontal feet. An angular, square, horned a was used, the left-hand side of which is often lower than the right, but the letter was otherwise formed much like a u with a straight top. A well-formed and fairly wide teardrop-shaped a was used for æ, the e-component of the same letter is rounded, the tongue is straight, fairly high, and slightly rising tongue, and the lower curve can be shorter, longer, or much the same length as the eye. Horned c was used, the horn being small and formed with a slight leftward curve at the top of the lower stroke, and this lower curve being equal to or slightly wider than the upper one. Horned e was also used with a near-vertical back; the eye, tongue, and lower curve are all the same as in æ. The back of d is always short, and is often straight and angled at about 45°, although the angle varies and the back can be almost horizontal. The hook of f is short, and the tongue is also relatively short. The top of g is flat, the mid-section hangs from slightly to the left and bulges out slightly, then curves smoothly to the right, and the tail turns up in a fairly rounded, closed loop. The shoulders of h, m, n, and r are all very angular and have vertical down-strokes, but the body of r tends to be narrower than those of the other three letters. Long, low, and round s were all used: long before t and sometimes initially (swyrdes, line 6; the first in scæfternes, line 11; seolfer [sic], line 13; but also the second in ælmesse, line 17), round only initially, and low in any position. Long s rises up to or beyond ascender-height and is often very narrow, and the hook is sometimes angled up steeply before turning down. Round s has a very tight lower section and has a short but taller upper hook. The conventional distinction was largely followed between þ and ð (but ðincg, ðysne, ðe, heriaþ). The back of ð is long, angled at about 70°, and fairly straight but slightly concave down. The cross-stroke is thin, fairly high, and hooked down on the right. The first, left-to-right stroke of x is fairly shallowly angled, but the second stroke is much steeper, hooked left at the top, and extends well below the base-line. Dotted, straight-limbed y was used throughout, the right branch of which is hooked left. The top of 7 is horizontal and at cue-height, and the down-stroke is straight and essentially vertical.


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about two years ago
Jean Gallup
The Barry County Commission's committee of the whole Tuesday addressed several issues critical to the operation of the county government. The panel recommended approval of several items at next week's regular board meeting, including:
* renewal of the Barry County Administrative Services Contract with Blue Cross-Blue Shield that lets the county have discounted rates the company negotiates with doctors, hospitals and pharmacies for medical costs for inmates that are in the care, custody and control of the county, from July 2018 to July 2019 with an administrative fee of 11 percent per month,
* renewal of a Consulting Services, LLC agreement for three years to provide indirect cost accounting services incurred by the county with federal and state programs to assure recovery of the costs through underlying grants when possible, for $9,500 for each of the three years,
* renewal of the liability, vehicle, physical damage and property and crime insurance though the Michigan Municipal Risk Management Authority from July 2018 through July 2019 for $381,067,
* an amendment to the the Municipal Employees Retirement System Hybrid Plan Agreement to change the county's maximum contribution to 2.2 percent effective Jan. 1, 2018, based on MERS annual valuation of the employer contribution rate to the defined benefit part of the hybrid plan of 7.8 percent. The county's maximum contribution to the hybrid plan is 10 percent,
* the 2018 L-4029 form for Barry County to collect summer taxes,
* the transfer of a 2001 Chevrolet panel van from the sheriff's office to the animal shelter. The sheriff's office does not use the van much since they got a newer vehicle and the animal shelter can use it to carry more animals than the current van,
* the purchase of 12 ballistic resistant vests to replace 12 vests that expire in September from CMP Distributors for $10,260, with a grant of $4,494 from the United States Justice Department to offset part of the cost,
* entry into the Michigan Farmland and Open Space Preservation Program (PA116) for Jason and Jordan Scamlin in Section 35 of Barry Township,
* a budget amendment to the Child Care Fund increasing the budget summary from $1,034,001.14 to $1,234,001.14 and increase the residential line item in the county's budget from $250,000 to $450,000,
* an amendment to MERS hybrid plan adoption agreement to include the non-union Central Dispatch administrative assistant position to the hybrid plan effective June 1.
Home | EEO & Public Inspection File | Employment Opportunities | Advertising Information | Contact
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All services are strictly professional, therapeutic and non-sensual
Indian Head Massage
Indian Head massage is a seated massage that can assist with many benefits such as
- Relieve pain and stiffness in the muscles of the face, neck, shoulders and back
- Increase mobility of the neck joints
- Relieve tension from headaches and reduce anxiety and other stress related issues
- Leaves you with a sense of feeling very calm, tranquil and relaxed
- A deeper and calmer respiratory system
- Stimulating for the scalp and promotes hair growth
Ka Huna Bodyworks Massage
Also known as Hawaiian massage – Level 7
Ka Huna massage is a unique, flowing, energetically vibrant yet deeply relaxing all over body massage. Your practitioner uses their hands and forearms in long fluent strokes of varying intensity and rhythm up and down and all around the body. Ka Huna also incorporates stretches, under-body work, and deep tissue techniques.
1hr – $70
1.5 hrs – $105
2 hrs – $140
Pregnancy Kahuna Massage
Ka Huna pregnancy massage helps by increasing circulation to the most affected areas such as feet, legs, hips, and back. It also helps reduce peripheral swelling, water retention, soothes the nervous system, eases back pain, relaxes muscles and muscle cramps and can give you a better night sleep
Heartworks Lomi Lomi
Lomi Lomi Massage is a rhythmic and flowing touch for soft and deep tissue massage. – Level 2
Lomi Lomi has been proved to be beneficial for :
Removing lactic acid build up
Breaking down calcium deposits,
Improving blood circulation
Releasing toxins
Relieving muscle spasms
Increasing nutrient flow to muscles
Stimulating the lymphatic system
Releasing emotional buildups
And so much more…..
2 hrs – $130
Temple of the Soul Meditation Massage
A soft and relaxing ½ hr meditation massage, where you will be taken away on a journey to really understand and value how beautiful your body is.
1/2 hr – $35
Swedish Massage
Let your body and mind relax with this peaceful massage of the soft tissue and muscles.
1hr – $70
1.5 hrs – $105
Back, Neck, Shoulder and Head Massage
Relieves the tension of sore muscles and stress we can carry around on our shoulders and in our neck. Finished off with a relaxing head massage to release all the tension!
Back, Neck, Shoulder and Face Massage
Relieves the tension of sore muscles and stress we can carry around on our shoulders and in our neck. If you suffer from sinus issues or headaches due to sinus, this relaxing face massage can help drain and soothe your sinus.
Contact Information
Opening Hours
8.30am - 6.00pm
By appointment only


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With tennis being the main focus of this summer, let's talk about how Pilates fit into this conversation and why so many professionals turn to Pilates every day…
You would think that tennis is everything you need from a workout, but why do people combine this very demanding high energy workout with yet another physical exercise? Racket sports are by their nature one-sided. Most players repeatedly use the same hand and arm to hit the ball, generally in the same direction. Typically they do this with their head and neck usually adopting the same position in anticipation of playing a shot. Such pronounced left- or right-sided movements load stress on the structure of the body. This produces a physique that is out of balance and thus is more liable to break down with over-use injuries particularly prevalent. This is how we see some of the most common tennis injuries occur – "tennis elbow", wrist and ankle sprains, achilles tendon rupture, shoulder separation and others. Pilates, originally created by Joseph Pilates for rehabilitating injured soldiers, is an exercise that is widely known for creating more flexibility and endurance, and tennis is one of the sports where Pilates is becoming very significant for enhancing a player's game, as well as preventing and healing injuries.
Players such as Martina Navratilova, Venus & Serena Williams and Andy Murray have all said Pilates is the secret that keeps them injury free. Navratilova is now retired, but she says that Pilates has helped her body regain the flexibility of her prime. Pat Cash, the former Wimbledon champion, still does Pilates training as a key part of his fitness routine.
"I started doing Pilates a few weeks ago, which I think has already helped. I did three or four Pilates sessions and my body feels good compared to the last few years when I've come here. So hopefully I'll be good to go for the next two weeks." – Andy Murray, The Independent.
I guess the answer to successful all round workout is to combine high impact exercise and competitive sports that you choose to do with a well-structured low impact routine like Reformer Pilates to help your body prepare, heat up and condition your muscles to prevent injuries.


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A man accused of stabbing a police officer at a Michigan airport in what authorities are treating as a possible terror attack will remain in custody, a judge ruled Wednesday.
Amor Ftouhi, 49, charged with committing violence at an international airport, will be held without bond pending trial in federal court, US Magistrate Judge Stephanie Dawkins Davis ordered. Ftouhi mumbled "Allahu akbar" through a medical mask as the hearing started, CNN-affiliate WDIV reported.
Ftouhi shouted the same Arabic words — meaning "God is Great" — as he stabbed Lt. Jeff Neville on June 21 at Flint International Airport, a criminal complaint alleges. The FBI is investigating the stabbing as an act of terrorism, Special Agent David Gelios said at a news conference earlier this month. Federal prosecutors are expected to present the case to a grand jury.
Ftouhi's court-appointed attorney, Joan Morgan, said in court she consented to detention on behalf of her client. If Ftouhi was to be granted bond he would be held by US immigration and would not be released. He is due back in court July 5.
Morgan requested that an Arabic or French translator be present at future proceedings to aid Ftouhi, a citizen of Canada and Tunisia. Judge Davis said the court would grant that request.
The attack
Ftouhi had arrived at the airport on the day of the stabbing carrying two bags, according to a criminal complaint. He spent about 40 minutes in the airport's public areas — including a bathroom where he dropped his bags — before the attack, the complaint said.
After wounding Neville, Ftouhi continued to yell "Allah" several times, followed by something similar to "you have killed people in Syria, Iraq and Afghanistan, and we are all going to die," the complaint said.
The stabbing caused a 12-inch-long neck laceration that left Neville with "life-threatening injuries," Hurley Medical Center trauma surgeon Dr. Donald Scholten said in a press conference.
Neville is expected to recover and was released from Hurley Medical Center Monday, according to hospital spokeswoman Ilene Cantor.


text: Limac 0 Posted May 23, 2019 good night I have some more doubts about the ISS, is there any specific for each type of damage? Which one would be best for a warrior? which one would be best for a wizard? and on chaos essence, how it works and what it is for Share this post Link to post Share on other sites


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Collagen Hand Treatment With Polish$25 Per TreatmentYour treatment begins with the application of our deep moisturizing Deluxe Collagen gloves that are pre-filled with Collagen, Shea Butter & Vitamin E. Service includes nail shaping, buff, massage and your polish of choice from our polish bar.
Manlycure$30 Per TreatmentMen, this treatment starts with our exfoliating Lime Blossom Sugar Scrub followed by a wonderful hand and arm massage with our luxurious Hydra Opulence lotion that includes pure macadamia oil and aloe vera. Your service also includes nail shaping, buff and cuticle treatment followed by your choice of a buff & shine or clear top coat.
Sacred Hands Manicure$40 Per TreatmentThis luxurious service starts with an exfoliating Lime Blossom Sugar Scrub followed by a massage with our Hydra Opulence lotion that includes pure macadamia oil and aloe vera. This service also includes nail shaping, buff and cuticle treatment. We have over 40 Zoya nail "Vegan Friendly" polishes to select from to conclude your service.
Gel/No-Chip Manicure$50 Per TreatmentFor this service we use CND Shellac is used with this service, it is "7 Free" which means it does not contain several items found in other products. This product is friendly to your nails and skin. The service includes nail filing, buff, cuticle treatment and a finish from our Gel/No-Chip polish bar. You will conclude your service with a Hydrating Hand Massage with our Collagen Gloves. ***Note: service does not include removal of current Gel polish or other enhancements.***
Collagen Foot Treatment With Polish$35 Per TreatmentThis effective, dry pedicure service begins with our deep moisturizing Deluxe Collagen socks that are pre-filled with Collagen and Vitamin E. This service includes a sanitizing foot spray, nail shaping, buff and foot massage. Your treatment will conclude with a nail lacquer of your choice from our Polish Bar.
Signature Scent Deluxe Pedicure$60 Per TreatmentStart your Signature Scent Deluxe Pedicure by soaking your feet in a scented Sea Salt foot soak of your choice as you enjoy our heated pedicure unit while also receiving a vibrating foot massage. Each Signature Scent Deluxe Pedicure includes a foot softening Sea Salt Soak, a Moisturizing Scrub, Mud Mask, Cuticle and Callous Treatment, Massage and polish with our Vegan friendly Zoya nail polish.
02 Bubbly Pedicure$70 Per TreatmentThis bubbly pedicure will have your feet feel as though they are walking on clouds. This service will cleanse & unclog pores as micro-size bubbles work naturally to provide deep-cleansing and unclogging of the pores. The gentle yet effective body butter wraps the skin in a blanket of pure moisture that hydrates and nourish, for a healthier and glowing complexion. This 02 Pedi treatment will help firm and tighten up the skin, removing dead skin cells and purify the pores for a youthful and well-toned skin.
Footlogix Pedicure$70 Per TreatmentFootlogix is the world's first PEDICEUTICAL, also known as the "Medical Pedicure". This pedicure helps heal simple dry skin conditions as well as more severe cases of cracked skin and heels. This treatment will help eliminate a number of issues and is gentle enough to use for individuals with health concerns such as diabetes.
Milk & Honey Ultimate Pedicure$85 Per TreatmentOur Milk & Honey Ultimate Pedicure treatment is a six-step treatment that enriches skin with the key ingredients to give your feet their much needed nutrients. This service is performed in our Belava Trio which has individual liners that are replaced after each service . This pedicure includes a Sea Salt Soak, Sugar Scrub, Mud Mask, Massage Lotion, an invigorating foot and leg Massage with our self heating Lava Shells, Callus Remover and a Finishing Moisturizer. The final step is your polish application of your selection from the Polish Bar.
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The little seaside village of Estellencs preserves all the charm of the real Mallorca.
There is a lot here for visitors to enjoy - the peace of its stone streets, the spectacular farmed terraces, the cove with its small port, the fountain springs and the ancient system of water distribution, not to mention the warmth and welcoming spirit of the inhabitants, all make Estellencs one of the most special villages on the island.
There is a good choice of accommodation and restaurants plus excellent access to cycling routes.


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For the first time in 100 years, the island of West Caicos Reserve, The Protected Island will develop into an official destination within the Caribbean. It should be famous that Jamaica is among the most beautiful islands within the Caribbean, and vacationers ought to be cautious in choosing which part of Jamaica to visit. One such proposed growth can be sited on the hills across Tinian Lookout Point, and it is attracting interest from a Chinese consortium, but there are three different initiatives currently in improvement, reflecting the growing interest in building additional Northern Mariana Islands casinos to cater to international guests.
Right here gamblers will find the country's largest casino, the Emerald Valley Resort and Casino, situated in Penniston Valley. It is ranked as one of many top islands of the world to expertise clear, beautiful landscapes and native tradition that has been unmarred by builders. Avalon is considered the central point of the island the place visitors can get data on all elements of the Catalina expertise from lodging to climbing.
6. Longer clothes and tie clips – for seashores which can be usually breezy, coastal winds could cause skirts to fly up easily and ties to whip around constantly. Among the largest and hottest of the Bahamas casinos you will see that the next: Atlantis Casino situated on Paradise Island, The Crystal Palace Casino located on New Windfall Island, The Our Lucaya Casino situated on the Grand Bahamas Island, and The Royal Oasis On line casino also situated on the Grand Bahamas Island.
The 1000 Islands is a sightseer's paradise and a well-liked destination for these on the lookout for an authentic outside trip. For the last one hundred years, Star Island has provided an all-inclusive summer season camp expertise for households and hosted a wide variety of themed conferences and personal retreats. There are many other activities within the Bahamas, as well, when you may need to explore the islands and stay away from the casinos for some time.
The island has a inhabitants of 10,800, and its principal towns are Spanish Wells, the wealthiest colony in the Bahamas; Harbour Island, a resort island with clear water and a pink-tinged seaside; Gregory Town, the locale of the island's Pineapple Festival; Governor's Harbour, a typical tropical town with history and allure; and Tarpum Bay, an artists' community where, amongst others, artists Mal Flanders, an American, and MacMillan Hughes, a Scotsman, went to color the surroundings.


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Tagged With: expo
Update: New Year's Resolutions and Going Forward!
Sorry for being out of sorts for so long, between driving over 3000 miles in about 10 days and now dealing with a non GF 12 year old for the past week, I've been a little out of sorts. It's been a crazy holiday season and it's not quite over just yet but I thought … Continue reading
Categories: Gluten Free, News, Updates Tags: Allergen free, Allergen Friendly, Celiac, Christmas, Dallas, expo, Gluten free, ideas, recipes, Wheat Free 1 Comment


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Henry VIII tournament helmet replica — Royal Armouries collection
Approved by our expert curators, this exclusive Henry VIII Tournament Helmet is from our new collection of official Royal Armouries replicas.
Likely to be the earliest surviving product of Henry VIII's 'Almain' armourers, this helmet is part of the Henry VIII foot combat armour made for the Field of Cloth of Gold Tournament by master armourer Martin Van Royne.
Although it was intended to be worn at the Field of Cloth of Gold in 1520, just three months before the tournament was due to begin when this new armour was still black from the hammer, the armour specification for foot combat was changed. The armour was therefore abandoned and left unpolished until centuries later.
This close helmet was one of the earliest designed to turn on the collar in order to prevent neck injuries from heavy blows while still allowing some peripheral vision.
Well-formed, with close attention to detail, this exceptional reproduction has captured the original quality and design of the helmet giving you the opportunity to enjoy the object 'at first hand'.This collector's item is the perfect gift or souvenir for arms and armour aficionados who want to take home something truly unique.
How do I return my order?
To initiate the returns process, contact the Royal Armouries retail team using the contact details in the footer of this website. We will then issue you with a returns confirmation number, which we ask you to keep a note of and include with the returned items. Once we have received the returned items, we will begin the refund process, taking into consideration the condition of the returned products.


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shovel, December 28, 2015 in Evernote Integrations
what is it. is it any good
>>enaddress - what is it. is it any good
I haven't used it, but I understand it's a method to get your email into Evernote by forwarding your email to a special address.
Evernote has a similar feature, but only for those with a premium account.
For me, I'm satisfied using the Evernote service. I also have the EverMail app on my Mac which allows me to directly move my mail to Evernote, with a link back to the original message.
Thank you Gazumped. Awesome article
Limit the number of notebooks one uses and not so much of an issue....
I have tried this enaddress but i can never get it to work. Not very happy with it. I have tried to reach out for support but no help.
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According to the publication Digitimes, citing its own sources, in the fourth quarter of 2017, Apple expects to sell 4.5 million smart-watches Apple Watch. In this case, the total number sold during the year devices $ 15 million
The same sources in the production chain of the Apple Watch said resource that in 2018, Apple plans to increase sales of "smart" hours to 20 million units.
Despite the growing sales of Apple Watch, the wearable electronics market is going through hard times. The main manufacturers of fitness bracelets Fitbit and Xiaomi — note the drop in demand for their devices. Sales of smart watches Samsung, LG, Huawei and Motorola remain below the expected amount.
Experts note that the demand for "smart" watches caused by several factors — high cost, weak batteries, a small set of functions, attachment to smartphones and other things.
Perhaps the situation will change with the release of the Apple Watch Series 3, which, according to the latest rumors, will be equipped with LTE modules and will be able to work without being tied to the iPhone.
Also by the end of the year, the company Fitbit promises to provide their "smart" watches. According to the Executive Director of Fitbit James Park (James Park), the device "will be able to compete with Apple Watch".


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Evan Parke
King Kong
IMDb: 7.2
3h 7min
Carl Denham needs to finish his movie and has the perfect location; Skull Island. But he still needs to find a leading lady. This 'soon-to-be-unfortunate' ...
Country: USA, Germany, New Zealand
Actors: Naomi Watts, Jack Black, Adrien Brody, Thomas Kretschmann, Colin Hanks, Andy Serkis, Evan Parke, Jamie Bell, Lobo Chan, John Sumner, Craig Hall, Kyle Chandler, William Johnson, Mark Hadlow, Geraldine Brophy
Planet of the ApesHD
IMDb: 5.7
1h 59min
It is the year 2029: Astronaut Leo Davidson boards a pod cruiser on a Space Station for a "routine" reconnaissance mission. But an abrupt detour ...
Actors: Mark Wahlberg, Tim Roth, Helena Bonham Carter, Michael Clarke Duncan, Paul Giamatti, Estella Warren, Cary-Hiroyuki Tagawa, David Warner, Kris Kristofferson, Erick Avari, Lucas Elliot Eberl, Evan Parke, Glenn Shadix, Freda Foh Shen, Chris Ellis
The Cider House Rules
IMDb: 7.4
2h 6min
Homer is an orphan in remote St. Cloud, Maine. Never adopted, he becomes the favorite of orphanage director Dr. Larch, who imparts his full medical ...
Actors: Tobey Maguire, Charlize Theron, Delroy Lindo, Paul Rudd, Michael Caine, Jane Alexander, Kathy Baker, Erykah Badu, Kieran Culkin, Kate Nelligan, Heavy D, K. Todd Freeman, Paz de la Huerta, J.K. Simmons, Evan Parke
The Air I BreatheHD
IMDb: 6.9
95 min
A frustrated and clumsy bank clerk overhears the conversation of three coworkers in the toilet about a fix in a horse race, and bets a ...
Actors: Kevin Bacon, Julie Delpy, Brendan Fraser, Andy Garcia, Sarah Michelle Gellar, Clark Gregg, Emile Hirsch, Forest Whitaker, Kelly Hu, Evan Parke, Taylor Nichols, Victor Rivers, Cecilia Suárez, Todd Stashwick, Jon Bernthal
Set It UpHD
IMDb: 6.8
105 min
Two corporate executive assistants hatch a plan to match-make their two bosses.
Actors: Zoey Deutch, Lucy Liu, Pete Davidson, Tituss Burgess, Glen Powell, Taye Diggs, Evan Parke, Meredith Hagner, Noah Robbins, Shyrley Rodriguez, Jon Rudnitsky, Jacqueline Honulik, Wai Ching Ho, Jake Robinson, Faith Logan


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I have listed a new property at 305 1121 Fort ST in VICTORIA.
Be a part of the Zen: an amazing boutique building located in the heart of Victoria. Walking distance from Cook Street village, Market on Yates, London Drugs, YMCA, Beacon Hill Park, the ocean and just about all other amenities imaginable. Feeling lazy? The bus route to UVic is out front. This well laid out studio with bedroom nook and balcony is perfect for an investor, student or professional. Is your dog or cat tall and overweight? Not a problem in the Zen. Includes stainless steel appliances, in-suite washer and dryer, deep soaker tub and 10-foot ceilings. When you visit, dont forget the rooftop terrace. See you soon.


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Inspiring Creativity
100's of lessons, tips & demos for all skill levels
How to Paint a Holi Day Elephant
We're so excited to release this lesson to you! We love Elephants and we especially LOVE colour, which is why we were so thrilled at the prospect of creating a lesson based around Holi Day, a Festival of Colour celebrated in India every year around Feb/March.
Watch how to create an amazing painting that looks similar to a vector design that would look good in any space that it hangs. Plus we give you step by step instructions on how to do this!!


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Ryan O'Connor is part of the Splunk technology incubation team. Outside of working at Splunk, he's an adjunct professor at the University of Connecticut teaching courses in Machine Learning, Network Security, Security Audit and Compliance, and Industrial IoT. Ryan is a PADI Certified Rescue Diver, and has his Master's in Data Analytics and Project Management and a Graduate Certificate in Healthcare IT from the University of Connecticut.
Senior Advisory Engineer
Help build new products & deliver them to customers in the alpha/beta phase to gain valuable feedback.
My first official day was in Aug 2018, but I've been in & around the product for ~8 years as a customer, partner & now a Splunker.
Conservation, SCUBA Diving, Surfing, Motorcycles, and Teaching
"All we need is to continue to speak the truth fearlessly"


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- Shooting0
- Post production0
- Crew0
- Production time0
- Buzz + Honors0
Meet Our Testers
SCO is also for children
How do you engage bike-happy children and their parents at the same time? Well, together with the "SCO cykler" team from Salling Group, we decided it might be fun to have the children themselves test the bikes and give a little review.
An unboxing, review and entertainment film all in one
In the films, we meet Bertil, Clara, Nikoline, and Kalle - small kids between the ages of 6 and 10 - as they unpack their bike, take it for a ride and give it a review. As the Danish proverb goes: "From children will you hear the truth." - and sometimes the truth can even be quite entertaining.
Touch points
- Online
- Social Media
- Web


text: I have 20 years of experience and specialize in the field of pulmonary and critical care, with specific knowledge of virology research. I have published on such topics as viral pathogenesis, human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and signal transduction. I have testified on critical care management.


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- This event has passed.
Elk Grove Meetup
|February 29
|10:00am - 11:30pm
|Bayside Church – Midtown
Bayside Elk Grove 2nd MEETUP
Sunday, February 29, 2020
Bayside Midtown
Join us to talk about all things Elk Grove!
Learn how you can get involved and what it's going to take to make a lasting impact in the city of Elk Grove.
Invite a friend and we look forward to seeing you there!


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|Labrador Retriever
FTCh Astraglen Fergie
A vertical pedigree lists the siblings of each dog in the pedigree. Siblings are found by searching for dogs in the database with the same parents. They may be from the same litter or from another breeding of the same parents. In most cases, this pedigree will be incomplete, as not all dogs have all their siblings entered in the database.
Vertical pedigree:
|FTCh Astraglen Fergie
Astraglen Blue
Astraglen Scholsey
Astraglen Kite
Return to home page


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Sports Social with Ed Easton Jr – Season 1
Sports Social: Episode 12 "Villanova Wins & WNBA Rule Changes?"
Sports Social with Ed Easton Jr featured a recap of the NCAA Men's basketball national title game. SLAM Magazine writer Sue Favor called in to discuss the current sate of the WNBA and her 2016 WNBA mock draft rankings.
Sue Favor can be found on twitter as @hoopism and on her website womenshoopsworld.com


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adidas Los Angeles Woven Red
In Stock • Release Date : 12 Nov 2015 • TBC
The adidas Los Angeles Woven Red recently surfaced and looks really appealing. adidas has been really busy this year by releasing a lot of shoes in various colourways and styles. We have already seen some great colourways from this classic LA silhouette and can expect more in the coming days.This edition of the adidas Los Angeles is dressed in a red and white fused colourway. It features a red based woven upper which optimises the breathability. There is the classic three stripe branding in white on the sides with golden LOS ANGELES wording behind them. The pair sits on top of a soft EVA midsole in white and is finished off with more branding on the tongue and a dark outsole unit. The adidas Los Angeles Woven Red has already launched and is now available via the following retailers.
Read more
Where to buy
From: £72.00


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In September 2008 Knowledge Exchange sent a letter to the European Commission with the advice to set up a list of recommendations for future developments with in the field of Open Access to help achieve public access to the findings of publicly funded research.
Positive response from Commissioner Janez Potocnik
Knowledge Exchange received a response from Commissioner Janez Potocnik which acknowledges the work of Knowledge Exchange as impressive and as an evidence of the high activity among the stakeholders in the area of scientific information.
The Commissioner refered to a number of activities already underway:
- An Open Access Pilot within FP7 on providing open access to a repository with articles resulting from FP7 projects
- Encouragement of grant recipients to consider the question of open access when submitting articles for publication
- Reimbursement of open access publishing fees
- Support of capacity-building in the area of access to scientific information by funding infrastructure projects
- Plans of engaging more closely with Member States and mobilising them to develop common policies in the area of access to scientific information.
Janez Potocnik concluded by thanking Knowledge Exchange for the interest and suggestions and welcomes "continued collaboration with the Commission in order to enhance access to publicly funded research results."


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John K. Is a Smart Man
You start drawing with your brain, but aim to draw from the heart. That doesn't happen instantly. You have to first absorb the knowledge slowly and then forget about it and let your pencil be guided by your subconscious. Not easy, and it hurts to go through the stiff period. A lot of lesser men give up during the stiff beginnings of learning something new and that's a dirty shame. Take the pain and shame like a man and get over it. You'll be so happy when your new knowledge becomes second nature. Otherwise you will be stuck, a slave to formula for life and unhappy, maybe even without knowing why. That pain and shame is essential to your progress. Embrace it. Kick the walls if you have to. But get back to the drawing board and force that stiff information into your head. Then lay awake nights obsessing over it. That's your tax for being gifted.
- John K.
I'd comment, but I'm too busy kicking walls.


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Stowmarket Mercury
It's published by the Archant Suffolk division of the Archant media group as part of a companion Mercury to the East Anglian Daily Times, covering the western part of the county of Suffolk. The editorial offices of the series are in Bury St Edmunds, but there's also an office in Stowmarket itself.
It replaced the earlier Stow Advertiser – part of the Star Advertiser series covering south-eastern Suffolk – in February 2012.
Although most of the distribution is direct to homes, some copies (a little less than 10 per cent of the print run) are distributed through pickup points in supermarkets and by brand-to-hand distribution in Stowmarket on Thursdays (the town's market day).
It comes out on Thursdays. A free e-edition's also available on the website.
- Stowmarket Mercury
2-4 Bury Street
- 01284 727400
- 01284 702970


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Value-Added Tax, or VAT, is a tax on goods and services for residents of the European Union, United Kingdom, and other countries. Rates range from 7.7% to 27%, depending on the country.
If you're a qualifying resident, we may collect VAT along with your subscription payments.
Tip: For help collecting VAT using Squarespace Commerce, visit Collecting VAT or GST.
VAT and Squarespace pricing
If you live in an applicable country and don't verify that you're exempt, all payments you make to Squarespace are subject to VAT according to your country's standard rate. This will apply to any paid service we offer, including your:
- Website subscription purchases or renewals
- Domain purchases, renewals, or transfers
- Email Campaigns purchases or renewals
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Prices listed on our website don't include VAT. You'll see your total charge and a tax breakdown before checkout and on your invoices.
Am I exempt from VAT?
If you're a business in the EU, the UK, or Norway, follow the steps in the next section to verify you're exempt from VAT collection.
If your organization is exempt from Switzerland in VAT, follow these steps to submit an exemption request.
Note: If you're a Squarespace customer based in Ireland, you do business with Squarespace Ireland Ltd., and we must collect VAT from your payment—even if you have a valid VAT ID. You can still add a business name and VAT ID to have it display on your invoice. To learn more, see our blog post about our terms update.
Verify your exemption (EU, UK, and Norway)
If you run a site for a business in the EU, UK, or Norway and are exempt from VAT collection, follow these steps. You'll need:
- Your business name
- Your VAT Registration Number or Norwegian Organization Number
Taking these steps:
- Exempts you from VAT
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For Squarespace sites you already have
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If you run multiple Squarespace business sites in applicable countries, repeat these steps for each site individually.
For new Squarespace sites
Complete the VAT fields on the checkout page when upgrading to paid service.
Check your VAT information
If our system doesn't recognize your VAT information after following the above steps, check if your information is valid and formatted correctly:
- For EU and UK businesses, use the European Commission's validation tool to check if your VAT Registration Number is valid and formatted correctly.
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Submit an exemption request (Switzerland)
If your organization is exempt from Switzerland VAT and your site is active on paid service, submit an exemption request here. Ensure that you attach the appropriate exemption forms, duly stamped and signed. If they're not in English, please include an English translation.
After our billing specialists review your information, we'll respond about your exemption status. We can't apply tax exemptions to trial or expired sites.
If you change your billing information in the future, you'll need to submit another exemption request.
Remove a VAT exemption
If you don't need your VAT exemption anymore, remove it by updating your billing credit card and deleting the VAT information. We can't remove the exemption for you.
If you run multiple websites, repeat the process for each site that no longer needs VAT exemption.
Applicable countries
If you reside in a country listed below and aren't otherwise exempt from VAT (for example, if you live in a tax-free zone), then we will collect VAT in connection with your payments.
For information on VAT exemption in that country, click its link.
- Austria
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- France - Portal for Autoentrepreneur, Registering a Business
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- Ireland (Note: Squarespace is required to collect VAT from Ireland residents and businesses, even if you have a valid VAT ID.)
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- Malta - Business Registration, Tax Registration
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- Norway
- Poland - Ministry of Justice, Entrepreneur Registration
- Portugal
- Romania
- Slovakia
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- Spain
- Sweden
- Switzerland
- United Kingdom
Pan EU exemption
If you're a recognized international organization with a tax/VAT exemption certificate issued by an EU member state, we can waive VAT collection if you send us your documentation:
- Open an email ticket.
- Subject: VAT - Pan EU certificate
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After we review your certificate, we'll follow up to confirm if you're exempt.
I'm based in Ireland and I have a valid VAT ID. Why am I still paying VAT?
If you reside or have your principal place of business in Ireland, Squarespace will still collect VAT on your payments. All Squarespace customers who live outside the United States do business with Squarespace Ireland Ltd.
We included this information in our Terms of Service update that went into effect on May 14, 2018. We sent an email to all customers about this update on April 13, 2018, including a link to our blog post.
I received an email about VAT, but I don't think it applies to me. What should I do?
It's possible you received this email in error. Our VAT collection process doesn't apply to you if you do not reside in the EU, UK, Norway, or Switzerland.
If you don't reside in a qualifying country, open the Business Information panel and check if your business address is correct. If your business address is correct and you aren't located in a country listed above, you can disregard this email.
Will you collect VAT for past subscription payments?
We aren't retroactively collecting VAT for past invoices.


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What Happens to Credit When the Fed Changes Rates?
If your credit card company has ever sent you a letter saying your interest rate is going up, you might have wondered what you did wrong. But unless you were overdue on your payments or experienced a significant change in your financial situation, chances are your interest rate change had nothing to do with you.
The Federal Reserve — the central bank of the United States — sets a target interest rate for the country, known as the federal funds rate, that it can adjust periodically to guide the economy. While interest rates on credit aren't equal to the federal funds rate, they are usually tied to it. This means that when rates are falling, you may want to opt for variable-rate loans, and when they're on the rise, a fixed rate could save you money. Let's take a closer look at how to manage your finances when the Fed changes rates.
What happens to credit card rates when the Fed tightens?
The federal funds rate has been on the rise since 2016. Rising rates are often a sign of a healthy economy, but they do increase the cost of borrowing money. This can put a strain on your finances if you're paying off debt or shopping for loans.
Short-term credit with a variable interest rate tends to track the federal funds rate most closely. This means that as a revolving line of credit, credit cards are usually first to go up with increases in the federal funds rate. Though these increases are small and incremental, you could see your credit card rates go up almost immediately after an increase from the Fed.
What to do if the Fed keeps raising rates
"If interest rates are heading up, the best strategy is to reduce debt in accounts that can increase in cost," said Mike Sullivan, director of education at Take Charge America, a nonprofit financial education organization. In other words, you want to pay off balances that have variable interest rates, such as credit cards and adjustable-rate loans. Here are some tips.
Consolidate high-interest credit cards with a fixed-rate loan. "The best way to avoid debt problems is to pay off debt," Sullivan said, "but the next best approach is to pay less in interest." If the Fed is set to continue rate hikes in the future, Sullivan said it might be time to take out a fixed-rate personal loan to pay off your credit card debt. Rates on fixed-rate loans stay the same for the life of the loan, even as the Fed rate increases. However, you want to do this only if you can qualify for a lower interest rate, so you'll need to have a good credit score. If you're a homeowner, Sullivan recommended considering a home equity loan. These loans use your house as collateral, so they typically have lower interest rates than credit cards and might be easier to qualify for. But keep in mind that if you go with a home equity loan, you are putting your home at risk; you could lose your house if you are unable to make your payments.
Consider refinancing adjustable-rate loans into fixed-rate loans. If you're dealing with adjustable-rate loans, such as adjustable-rate private student loans or adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs), you can consider refinancing them with a fixed-rate loan. Again, the goal is to save money on interest, so you don't want to refinance at a higher rate. If you can get a comparable or lower interest rate by refinancing, securing a fixed rate will ensure that your loan doesn't get more expensive over time.
Pay off credit card debt. Fixed-rate loans aren't the only way to pay off credit card debt. If you're extremely disciplined, consider paying it off using the avalanche method, which focuses on paying off your highest-interest balances first. If you need some extra motivation, the snowball method, which focuses on bringing your smallest balances to zero first, may be more your speed.
What to do if the Fed lowers rates
"Interest rates on loans always go down more slowly than they rise," said Sullivan. "It seldom pays to bet on falling interest rates." He warned consumers against moving debt every time there's a slight decrease in interest rates, as this action usually involves costs and risks. However, if rates are declining significantly and you have debt or are considering borrowing, you might save money with the following tips.
Consider adjustable-rate loans. If you're thinking about taking out a loan when rates are falling, you might want to opt for adjustable over fixed-rate loans. Locking in a fixed rate while rates are still high means you may not be able to take advantage of lower rates in the future. While adjustable-rate loans (such as ARMs) don't offer the stability of a fixed-rate loan, they do tend to come with lower interest rates to start.
Refinance existing higher-rate debt. Even if you went with a fixed-rate loan, you can always refinance existing debt at a lower rate if interest rates have gone down significantly. Refinancing, which is common with mortgages and student loans, simply means taking out a new loan for your existing debt with better terms. This option is worth considering if you have good credit or can improve your credit first.
What credit score do you need to get good interest rates?
A FICO Score of 720 or above is usually enough to qualify for the best rates, according to Sullivan. However, that threshold can drop or rise by up to 30 points in different economic environments.
Once your score falls below 700, though, you'll start to see a bump in rates. If your score is below 600, Sullivan said, you'll be considered subprime and have to pay very high interest rates, so you might want to consider repairing your credit before borrowing money. On the other hand, if you're stressed about having a perfect credit score, you can probably relax a little. "A score of 850 will not get you a better rate than a 799," he said.
The bottom line
Put simply, when interest rates are on the rise, fixed-rate credit is usually smarter. When they're declining, adjustable-rate credit could save you money. Avoid high-interest debt altogether, and if you already have it, prioritize paying it off as quickly as possible. Regardless of changes in interest rates, it's always possible to manage credit wisely.


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I love the song Sunny very much. It's neither a very difficult nor a deep song, but somehow it works for me and makes life bearable.
Originally it was a sung by Bobby Hebb (also a favorite artist), but with time numberless cover versions were released.
Today's favorite is Wilson Pickett's version of the song. It's a slow version, but I like the guitar so much!
Sunny, yesterday my life was filled with rain
Sunny, you smiled at me and really eased the pain
Now the dark days are done, and the bright days are here
My Sunny one shines so sincere
Sunny one so true, I love you
But I also collected some other very good covers and of course here you have the original one as well:
The unforgettable and one of the kind James Brown:
Without lyrics from Booker T. & The M.G.'s:
One from the Footprint Project, also wonderful:
One from Cher:
One from Paul Carrack:
And the original from Bobby Hebb: