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B.N.Sarada1, P.L. Srinivasamurthy2, Swetha3
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The research for new materials that could be used for components with complex geometry in automotive and aircraft industries led to exploitation of Al-Si-Mg alloys. Aluminium alloys are known for easy machinability and very good casting characteristics. In this present investigation Al- 7.0Si- 0.6Mg alloy castings confirming to A357 were produced by Sand casting method and Gravity die casting method. For substantial improvement in mechanical properties Modification was carried out by adding 0.01% Sodium and 0.01% Strontium to the molten metal just before pouring into moulds. Metallographic examination was carried out to reveal the constituents and structure by means of "metallurgical Microscope". The microstructures of as-cast alloy showed dendritic structure with large primary aluminum dendrites and the eutectic phase. Modification treatment changed Silicon morphology from needle like structure to fibrous structure, which improved mechanical properties and wear resistance of A357 alloy. The results are presented in the paper.
|A357 alloy, Sand casting, Gravity die casting, Modification, Metallurgical microscope, Silicon morphology.
|Aluminum is a soft, durable, lightweight, malleable, silverish white metal. Aluminium base alloys find extensive application in Automobile industry, Air craft industry and other general engineering industries due to their good corrosive resistivity and good strength to weight ratio.
|Al-Si-Mg alloy is categorized as Cast Aluminum Alloy. These alloys can be sand cast, chill cast; can be grain refined as well as modified. The major alloying elements in A357 alloy are Silicon and Magnesium. Si is the major alloying element, which imparts good Castability, high wear resistance and Hardness. Small addition of Mg improves solution treatment and age hardening characteristics of these alloys. Good melting practice and the use of correct techniques are primary requisites for achieving an end product that retains desired metallurgical properties. For substantial improvement in properties, modification is carried out by the addition of small quantities of sodium and strontium to the molten metal just before pouring in to moulds. Modification is a process of changing the shape of the second phase elements, by enhancing its growth and enhancing the property of the alloy to bring about the change in its shape. The percentage of these modifying elements is very small but the effect is remarkable. Modification is carried out extensively in aluminum silicon alloys. Modification is one of the important melt treatments because it improves the mechanical properties by changing the microstructure of the material. Unmodified alloys contain silicon in the form of brittle flakes which leads to poor ductility of the material. The commonly used modifiers are of Strontium and Sodium in Al-Si alloy industry because they are easy to handle, have good modification rate, a long incubation time and a low fading effect. The modifying effect of sodium in the development of an adequate structure is positive it vanishes with time known by a phenomenon "fading". Alternatively extensive effort is being carried out in order to replace sodium by strontium for the modification of Al-Si eutectic alloys. One important feature of strontium is to consistency in producing castings of good quality. Some important modifiers are Antimony, Sodium, Strontium and calcium.
|Micro structural features are product of metal chemistry and solidification conditions. The microstructure features, which mostly affect mechanical properties are Size, form and shape of inter-metallic phases, grains, eutectic and DAS.
|A. Production of Castings
|In this present investigation, wooden Split pattern (Plate 2.1) was used for producing sand castings.
|Green Silica sand with AFS grain Fineness number 25 was used as mould material. The other ingredients were 11.2% Bentonite (Clay binder), 3.25%moisture, 2.5% Coal dust (to improve surface finish). The ingredients were mixed thoroughly for about 3-5 minutes and mould boxes were prepared (plate2.2) to produce castings.
|Cast iron metallic mould (diameter 60mm and height 175mm) was used in gravity die casting method. Two die halves (plate 2.3) were used to produce the casting. The die halves were cleaned and coated with a refractory mould coat. Then the dies were preheated, closed and clamped.
|The most important step in production of castings is Melting & Pouring. The melting operation was carried out in an electric arc furnace (Plate 2.4a&2.4b). The charge (A357 ingots) were taken in crucible of capacity 5kg and heated to 850oc for 4hours. Then the molten metal was degassed using hexa-chloroethane (c2cl6) tablets (Plate2.5a&2.5b). The tablet was powdered and plunged into the metal and held at the bottom to enable chlorine gas to purge through the melt and remove the dissolved gases. Then the slag was removed.
|.After 5 minutes the molten metal was poured into the cavity via spruce/pouring cup without any modification treatment and allowed to solidify under gravity as shown in the Plate2.6. &2.7. The specimen were left to cool for 1 hr. Then the moulds were broke opened and the specimen were taken out.
|B. Sodium Modification
|4kgs of A357 alloy was taken in a crucible and heated in a coke furnace to 850oC for 3hrs. 2gm of salt of sodium [88% (Nacl+Kcl) +12%NaF]) was added. 100gm of 1T cleaner was added to remove impurities. Then 50gms of degasser was added to remove the gases after 5 min the molten metal was poured into moulds at720oC.
|C. Strontium Modification
|4kgs of A357 alloy was taken in a crucible and heated in a coke furnace to 850oC for 3hrs. 25gm of Al -10%Sr alloy was added. 100gm of 1T cleaner was added to remove impurities. Then 50gms of degasser was added to remove the dissolved gases After 5 min the molten metal was poured into moulds at720oC.
|D. Microstructural study:
|The metallographic specimen was prepared in accordance with ASTM standards ASTM E 340 & ASTM E407. The
|specimen for microstructure analysis was machined in the form of cylindrical pieces of 20 mm diameter, 20 mm thickness to as shown in plate2.10. These samples were ground and polished using a polishing machine (Plate2.11). The samples were then washed, dried and photographed using metallurgical microscope (Plate2.12) in both unetched and etched conditions (etchant0.5% HF) .
|Photographs of specimen tested for different testing conditions are taken using metallurgical microscope and the results are shown below.
|A. Effect Of Modification on Si Morphology Sand Cast Specimen
Discussion on Results
|Sr or Na addition in A357 alloys (Plate3.2, 3.3, 3.5, 3.6) depressed the growth of the α -Al dendrite and Al-Si eutectic and influenced their growth mechanism. This effect was more significant with higher cooling rate as in case of permanent mould casting. Due to addition of these modifiers Primary α -Al dendrites have become more equiaxed and Al-Si eutectic much finer. The microstructure shows the primary α Al phase and the eutectic distributed among the globular grains of primary phase. Sr or Na additions to hypoeutectic aluminum-silicon alloys resulted in a finer lamellar or fibrous eutectic network. The Modification has given better results with Sr addition than Na. Silicon needles are coarser and more acicular in Sodium modified specimen than Sr modified specimen.
|B. Effect Of Casting Method on Microstructure
Discussion on Results
|The microstructures of the components (Plate 3.7 to 3.10) consist of dendrites of primary α Al phase and eutectic. The eutectic is more or less uniformly distributed among the grains of the primary phase. It was observed the size of dendrites size and interdendritic arm spacing was less in case of gravity die cast specimen than sand cast specimen. This can be attributed to faster cooling rate in case of die casting than the sand casting. The same trend was observed with Modification treatment and solutionization treatment.
|C..Effect Of Modification And Casting Method On Dendritic Cell (Grain)Size.
Discussion on Results
|From the above graph it can be observed that Dendritic cell size of permanent cast specimen was much smaller than the sand cast specimen. The decrease in grain size was about 24%.This could be due to faster cooling rates in Permanent mould casting. Modification also slightly decreased the grain size . It was 1.2% in case of Sr modified(Sand cast) specimen and 4.46 % in Permanent mould, Sr modified specimen.This could be due to action of modifiers on growth mechanism of phases.
|From the results and disscustion the following conclusions are drawn.
|A357 (Al-Si-Mg) alloy castings are produced as per ASTM procedures.
|Effects of Modification on microstructural properties of A357 alloy are studied experimentally.
|Microstructure of as cast specimen has shown dendritic morphology of the conventional cast sample.
|Sr or Na addition in A357 alloys depressed the growth of α -Al dendrite & Al-Si eutectic and also influenced their growth mechanism. Due to addition of these modifiers Primary α -Al dendrites have become more equiaxed and Al-Si eutectic much finer.
|Silicon needles are coarser and more acicular in Sodium modified specimen than Sr modified specimen.
|This above effect is more significant with higher cooling rate as in case of permanent mould casting. The increased solidification rates are useful in providing a finer distribution of lamellae relative to the growth of the eutectic.
|I thank the Management of B.M.S.College of Engineering , Dr. K Mallikarjuna Babu Principal, B.M.S.College of Engineering, Bangalore, India for motivating and providing research facilities at B.M.S.C.E. for carrying out research. I take this as an opportunity to thank Late.Dr.K.Radhakrishana, B.M.S.C.E for all the help, Inspiration, support and guidance, he has rendered to carryout research work. I would also like to thank Dr.Guruprasad, Prof and Head of Mechanical Department,B.M.S.C.E and other departmental colleagues and friends who are continueously encouraging and supporting for my reasearch work.
|[1] Erhard Ogris, "Development of Al-Si-Mg Alloys for Semi-Solid Processing and Silicon Spheroidization Treatment (SST) for Al-Si Cast Alloys"
A dissertation submitted to the Swiss Federal Institute Of Technology Zurich in 2002
[2].Geng Haoran, Ma Jiaji, Bian Xoufang College of Materials Science and Engineering, " Thermal rate treatment and its effect on Modification of Al-Si Alloys", , Trans Nonferrous Met.Soc.China. Vol.7,No1 Mar,1997
[3].F. Kahraman and M.K. Kulekci; Microstructure and eutectic morphology of Al–12.5% Si alloy refined with antimony; Mersin University, Faculty of Tarsus Technical Education, 33480 Tarsus / Turkey.
[4].Wislei R. Osório *, Noé Cheung, Leandro C. Peixoto and Amauri Garcia **Department of Materials Engineering, University of Campinas, Brazil. International Journal of Electrochemical science "corrosion resistance and mechanical properties of an Al 9wt%Si alloy treated by laser surface remelting" Published: 6 June 2009 ,820 – 831.
[5].LI Hua-ji,LIU Chang-ming, LI Ge-sheng, XUE Han-song "Modification effects of Lanthanum-Rich Mischmetal on A357 alloy" Journal of Rare Earths 2009, vol. 19,No1
[6]. R. FRANCIS* and J. SOKOLOWSKI Association of Metallurgical Engineers of Serbia "Prediction Of The Aluminum Silicon Modification level in the AlSiCu Alloys Using Artificial Neural Networks. MJoM Metalurgija - Journal OF Metallurgy ,Scientific paper AMES UDC:669.715'782.018.11.001.573=20
[7].Haizhi Ye"An overview of the development of Al-Si-alloy based material for engine applications" (Submitted 20 September 2002) JMEPEG (2003) 12:288-297 ASM International
[8].Wislei R. Osório & Noé Cheung & José E. Spinelli &Pedro R. Goulart & Amauri Garcia"The effects of a eutectic modifier on microstructure and surface corrosion behavior of Al-Si hypoeutectic alloys J Solid State Electrochem" (2007)
[9]:1421–1427 Published online: 29 March 2007 # Springer-Verlag 2007 DOI 10.1007/s10008-007-0300-x
[10]. Q. G. WANG¤ C. J. DAVIDSON "Solidification and precipitation behaviour of Al-Si-Mg casting alloys" JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE 36 (2001) 739– 750
[11]20. H. Moller et.al: Application of shortened heat treatment cycles on A356 automotive brake calipers with respective globular and dendritic microstructures; Transactions .nonferrous. Met. Soc. China 20(2010); pp: 1780-1785
[12] Modification of Al- Si alloys with strontium. www.sciencedirect.com/science/article
[13] www.foseo.com/en-gb/end.../modifiers-for-aluminium-alloys
[14] Modification and refinement of Al –Si alloys www.keytometals.com/Article85.htm
[15] Heat treatment of Al and Al alloys- www.azom.com/article.aspx?ArticleD=2540
[16]www.clemex.com/en…/ Dentritic Arm Spacing-in-alluminium alloy
[17]www.cfa.harvard.edu/uvcs/get involved/das.html DAS Analysis soft ware


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Srinagar, December 04 (KMS): In occupied Kashmir, two decades ago, an Indian army officer killed a civilian in Brath village of Sopore and took his body, keeping his grave empty forever.
There is an empty grave in Brath area of Sopore which was dug for a man, killed by the Indian army in the village in 1995.
After killing the man, the villagers say, the army took the body and declined to return it. "The grave which we dug for my husband was lying open for 11 days, but when the army officer declined to return the body, we closed it by burying some clothes in it," said Sharifa Begum, widow of Nazir Ahmad Mir, a resident of Mir Mohalla, Brath. Villagers describe the day as one of the darkest days in their memory when an unarmed innocent civilian of the village was ruthlessly beaten up, dragged, tortured and killed.
It was on the 9th of June, 1995, Sharifa says, that her husband, Nazir Ahmad, was working in his fields when Major A K Chatterjee of the 9 Gorkha Regiment from Seelu camp, an officer who had terrified the village, swooped down on him, dragged him, beat him ruthlessly and took him away. Sharifa only came to know of the incident in the evening, when Nazir didn't return from the fields.
"I was worried for his safety because that officer would come to our village a number of times a day. Arresting, beating, harassing and killing was common for him," Sharifa said, adding that the next morning she along with her mother-in-law lodged a complaint in Sopore police station.
"Hundreds like Nazir have been killed in every nook and corner of Kashmir. Their relatives are also deprived of justice, just like we have been deprived," Sharifa said.

subset: commoncrawl


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- According to the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department, actor Robert Wagner is now a person of interest in the mysterious death of his wife, Natalie Wood, in 1981.
- Wagner was never a suspect during the initial investigation: her death was ruled an accident.
- The case was reopened in 2011, and investigators conducted interviews for a "48 Hours" special on the case, airing on CBS Saturday night.
In November 1981, Academy Award nominated actress Natalie Wood was found dead on a yacht trip off the coast of Catalina Island, California. Wood was found one morning floating in the water, wearing a red down jacket and a flannel nightgown.
Wood was with her husband, actor Robert Wagner, Captain Dennis Davern, and actor Christopher Walken. After two weeks of investigation, her death was ruled an accident.
In an upcoming interview with CBS' "48 Hours," the LA County Sheriff's Department said that Wagner, who is now 87, is a person of interest because he was the last person to see Wood.
Wagner is known for his role as Number Two in the "Austin Powers" movies as well as the 1968-1970 television series "It Takes Thief." In his 2008 memoir, "Pieces of My Heart," Wagner wrote that he had a fight with Wood before she disappeared. Initially, Wagner was not a suspect. Davern later admitted that he lied to police about their fight.
In 2011, Wood's case was reopened. In 2012, the Los Angeles Coroner's Office amended Wood's death certificate, changing her cause of death from accidental drowning to "drowning and other determined factors."
The Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department said in an upcoming interview with CBS' "48 Hours" that after continuing the investigation over the years, Wagner, now 87, has become of interest.
The circumstances surrounding Wood's death have always been mysterious. It's one of those cases that has spawned a lot of conspiracy theories, especially recently due to the true-crime boom inspired by the podcast "Serial" and the Netflix series "Making a Murderer."
"Natalie Wood: Death in Dark Water" airs Saturday at 10 p.m. ET/PT on CBS.
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Peter Thomas Roth 8% Glycolic Solutions Toner
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This toning complex with glycolic acid at eight percent and witch hazel chemically exfoliates the skin's surface to help reduce the appearance of fine lines, wrinkles, pores, and uneven skin toneall while helping to brighten, clarify, and smooth. Witch hazel helps effectively remove excess oil, dirt, and impurities, allantoin, chamomile, and aloe vera help soothe and calm the complexion, and sodium PCA leaves skin lightly hydrated.
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Finde und buche einzigartige Unterkünfte auf Airbnb
Gäste sind sich einig: Diese Unterkünfte werden aufgrund ihrer Lage, Sauberkeit und weiteren Aspekten hoch bewertet.
Somewhere to relax ,while enjoying GlasgowMy place is 2.5 miles from city centre.Just 15 minutes on bus. Train is only 2 stops and station 5 minutes away from my place. Ideal for business , or sightseeing. Free parking outside house. I have 2 friendly dogs,and you can be guaranteed to find my home clean and relaxing. Your room is quiet and the bed super comfy! Breakfast coffee,tea, and eggs, if my hens are laying! NO CLEANING FEE!! My place is ideal for unwinding and I'd like you to think of it as a home from home.
Lovely Modern Double Room - Near City CentreLarge double room with plenty of storage space... Large shared bathroom with electric shower. Small toilet downstairs. Fresh towels and bedding included. Use of my Living room and kitchen space, WIFI included with full central heating, small garden that you can sit outside (If its sunny).
Quiet large single room in Pollokshields, GlasgowMy place is close to art and culture, shops, and bistro cafes, family-friendly activities, public transport to Glasgow city centre [6 minutes by train], buses close by, + 15 mins walk to Underground. Also several small and large parks are close by. You'll love the flat because of the comfy bed, the high ceilings, the kitchen, and the cosiness. The room is good for solo adventurers and business travellers. Female guests only please.


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Last week I wrote that I am in the middle of a trilogy of sorts so you may want to go back and read my last two articles after reading the following. The first article talked about the depth of depression brought on by grief. The second talked about the hope of Sunday, that it is coming. This week is a third story, on how Sunday is here, well almost, anyway.
What I didn't tell you in the first week is that my book "When Sunday Smiled," was rejected by yet another literary agent. To have a book traditionally published, you need an agent who will work as your intermediary with a publishing house. A traditional publishing house will pay you to publish your book. I've been searching for a long time get someone interested in my story about how I walked the Appalachian Trail to deal with the death of my son Aaron.
I was going to go the self-publishing route which basically means I pay for my book to be published, but I found an agent who shared a number of similarities with me, so I gave the traditional route one more try. She even took a second look at my book, which built up my expectations, but alas, I got that same old, "your platform isn't big enough." In other words, I don't have a big enough audience.
I has hurt, devastated, and I gave up again. Then I went to see the movie, "I Can Only Imagine (A MUST See), about the lead singer of MercyMe and his back story of being rejected until he fixed his past life. I was so inspired, I looked up my rejected agent which led me to a publisher who takes proposals directly.
I contacted the Publisher in Chief who wrote back the next day, (unheard of in this industry), "I can't offer you a contract without reading the rest of your manuscript." I couldn't believe my eyes. I sent it to her and 3 ½ hours later (she is a fast reader), she told me she wants to publish my book. Are you kidding me? Does God have a sense of humor? Maybe, but he does has a sense of perfect timing.
I still need an agent but now that I have a publisher, I'm praying an agent is on his/her way.
What did I learn through all of this and what does it have to do with you? I learned that when I'm angry, I'm wrong. I'm not wrong to be angry—I'm wrong with what I do with my anger. Like lashing out at someone doing her job or feeling sorry for myself. It's ok to be angry, it's what we often do with it that makes a bigger mess.
I learned to search out goodness. That's what I did when I went to the movie. I didn't know what I'd find but I knew it could be good for me.
I learned to listen. Just like on the trail, I need to train my ears to what God is teaching me and my eyes to where he is leading.
I learned to stick with it. I once read an agent's blog that told aspiring authors like myself "to wake up and smell the coffee." I could have quit, but in the past two years, I got better, my book got better, and along the way other people also got better.
There is no signed contract, no money, and there won't be an actual book for about a year. Nothing is in stone, it could all vanish tomorrow. I still need an agent.
And I need you. I need your prayers that this goes through. I need you to believe that God does care about you and me. Take one small step and say a short prayer for me and will be be a blessing for you. The only thing I've asked in the past is that you follow my blog and hopefully you will benefit in some small way.
Today I'm simply asking what many of you are already doing—pray.
That's my sensational announcement, sign up below to get on my mailing list and be the first to know when my book is published.
Andy is a Clinical Psychologist who lost his son in a tragic motorcycle accident and now authors articles on bereavement. The quiz is available! Go to http://andymdavidson.com/Home/Pgd to find out if you may have Prolonged Grief Disorder. Look forward to his upcoming posts, and books. Follow him at his website, AndyMDavidson.com and Facebook.com/ThroughLifeandLoss to find out more about prolonged grief.


text:
White Lightning Wet Ride Lube 4oz
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Because Wet Ride is so durable, it's a popular choice for off-road cyclists who are faced with muddy conditions. Wet Ride is heavy enough and waterproof enough to easily counteract the effects of mud and crud on the chain.
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Feast Your Eyes On The Rally 911 That Almost Humbled Porsche Itself
In 2007, surgeon Erik Brandenburg built a classic 911 into a lightweight, resilient rally beast that came agonisingly close to beating a host of factory-backed Porsche Cayennes on the 2007 TransSyberian Rally
Do you like the idea of a classic Porsche 911, lifted onto huge rally-spec tyres and modified to take on the toughest rally courses in the world? If not, have someone check you for a pulse, because you can't buy one if you're dead.
This odd-looking chunk of brilliance is prostate surgeon Erik Brandenburg's TransSyberia Rally car with which the man himself competed in the 2007 event. Despite being a privateer entry it actually led the fearsome race until late in the rally, when deep water crossing delays dropped it to ninth behind massively modified and factory-backed Porsche Cayennes.
It's rear-wheel drive and more or less unstoppable in the right hands (as long as you stay out of deep rivers). Brandenburg has built 20-25 replicas in various liveries, so one day you could join in the fun with your own 911 Safari. We definitely, 100 per cent want to do that.
The tyres are huge 215/85 R16s from Hankook; truck tyres designed for mud and gravel. The traction on offer in the rear-engined 911 SC is said to be staggering. In full flight, even just playing in a field, it's something special to behold.
Each build is different but on a typical example there are are bash plates galore, a 3.2-litre air-cooled flat-six and about 231bhp to play with via a limited-slip differential. They are serious pieces of kit, and if the one above's asking price of $149,000 is any guide, you'd hope so.
Shot for Porsche's 9:11 magazine, this video looks like a beautiful piece of work. Sit back and enjoy the full, stunning video right here.
Hat tip to Chris K!


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January has been a busy month…great, but busy! I thought it was supposed slow down, make time to organize, start fresh and all the cliches of the new year 🙂 But I have officially decided that February is the new January and I am starting my year fresh on February 1st! Starting with making banana bread to have on the counter for breakfast, snack, dessert…whatever mood we might be in.
There are a ton of ways to make banana bread and I have several in the recipe archives, but there is something about brown sugar that makes this one SOOO good! It also makes the most beautiful golden crust and the best rich flavor.
Brown Sugar Chocolate Chip Banana Bread
- 2 cups banana (3–4 bananas), mashed
- 1 1/4 light brown sugar
- 1/2 cup unsalted butter, melted
- 1 egg
- 1 tsp cinnamon
- 1/4 cup whole milk
- 2 cups all purpose flour
- 1/2 tsp baking soda
- 1 tsp baking powder
- 1/2 tsp salt
- 1/2 cup chocolate chips, semisweet
- Preheat oven to 350 degrees F and grease a loaf pan
- In a small bowl, mash the bananas and set aside
- In a medium bowl, combine the brown sugar and melted butter and mix until combined
- Add banana, egg, cinnamon and milk into brown sugar mixture and whisk until fully combined
- Add in flour, baking soda, baking powder and salt until smooth and flour is combined
- Slowly fold chocolate chips into batter
- Pour batter into loaf pan and top with a few extra chocolate chips for garnish
- Bake for 35-40 minutes or until the top is golden and a knife comes out clean
- Allow the bread to cool in the pan for 15-20 minutes before removing
- Serve or store in an air tight container to serve throughout the week
Other favorite banana bread recipes
Chocolate Spice Banana Bread
Almond Banana Bread
Double Chocolate Banana Muffins


text: A Care Giver's Primer presented by Ohel Lifetime Care June 24, 2019 On Tuesday, June 25th, Korsinsky & Klein LLP founding partner Joseph Klein, will be presenting at the seminar "A Caregiver's Primer… Legal, Financial & Emotional Challenges." The event will begin at 7:30PM and take place at Young Israel of Staten Island. Mr. Klein manages the elder law group which includes handling all aspects of elder law planning and Medicaid planning. For more information about the event, please read here.


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Police detective charged with embezzling
January 15, 2020
CLOVIS — A Clovis police detective has been charged with embezzling $166 from a man he arrested in June.
Francisco Hernandez, 33, faces misdemeanor charges of embezzlement and tampering with evidence, court records show.
Records show Hernandez is scheduled for arraignment on Feb. 3.
District Attorney Andrea Reeb said he was not jailed because she and other officials "had safety concerns with him being a cop all weekend in the jail."
Hernandez could not be reached for comment. An email to his city of Clovis address was returned as "disabled."
According to a release Tuesday afternoon from Chief Doug Ford, Hernandez resigned his position with the department on Friday.
According to a criminal complaint filed Friday in magistrate court:
• Hernandez took $166 in cash from a criminal suspect after the man was arrested on unspecified charges.
n In December, Police Capt. Roman Romero found $141 in crumpled cash while searching Hernandez' desk in his office; Romero was looking for drug paraphernalia that had gone missing in an unrelated case.
n Hernandez told Romero the money was his that he'd been saving from Christmas. But investigators matched the serial number on a $100 bill found in Hernandez's desk with a $100 bill that had been taken from the man arrested June 29.
• The investigation began on Dec. 3 after an evidence custodian noted a glass pipe was missing from evidence connected to a suspected drug arrest. The custodian notified Romero about that case as well as another involving Hernandez — one in which a woman complained police had not returned between $100 and $200 she said had been taken from a man after he was arrested in June.
• No cash was entered into evidence related to the June 29 arrest, but investigators saw $166 in cash on a table while reviewing video and photos from that arrest. The serial number on the $100 bill in that case was matched to the $100 bill Romero said he found in Hernandez's desk.
• No charges have been filed in connection with the missing pipe.


text:
Would you say that you live in a good or a bad neighbourhood?
How many people on your block do you know* (excluding people in your home)? (*Using whatever definition of "know" that makes sense to you)
How would you categorize the crime rate in your neighbourhood?
How often do you see police (or other local law enforcement) on your street? (Excluding off-duty police or law enforcement personnel who live there or visit for non-work related reasons)
Do any persons that you consider to be celebrities live on your street, to your knowledge?
In the last two years, would you say that property values on your block increased or decreased?
Would you like to remain living where you do or move?


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Bishop Daniel R. Jenky of Peoria, Ill., said Vatican officials have told him that the upcoming beatification of Archbishop Fulton J. Sheen has been postponed.
A news release from the Diocese of Peoria said it was informed Dec. 2 that Vatican had decided to postpone the Dec. 21 ceremony "at the request of a few members" of the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops.
Details on what prompted the bishops to intervene were unknown. The diocese added, "In our current climate it is important for the faithful to know that there has never been, nor is there now, any allegation against (Archbishop) Sheen involving the abuse of a minor."
Pope Francis Nov. 18 approved the beatification ceremony for the popular archbishop, who served as an auxiliary bishop for the Archdiocese of New York, 1951-1966 and as bishop of Rochester, 1966-1969 and was given the personal title of archbishop when he retired from that diocesan post. His television program "Life Is Worth Living," which began airing in 1952, attracted millions of viewers nationwide.
Calling the delay "unfortunate," the diocesan release outlined some of the activities for which Archbishop Sheen was especially known, including "his personal dedication" to a Holy Hour of daily prayer before the Blessed Sacrament and "courage in confronting the challenges in our society."
"Since a few members of the bishops' conference have requested a delay, the Diocese of Peoria remains confident that Archbishop Sheen's virtuous conduct will only be further demonstrated," the statement said. "Bishop Jenky has every confidence that any additional examinations will only further prove Fulton Sheen's worthiness of beatification and canonization."
The diocese said Bishop Jenky was "deeply saddened" by the Vatican's decision.
"In particular, Bishop Jenky is even more concerned for the many faithful who are devoted to Sheen and who will be affected by this news," the diocese said. "He is firmly convinced of the great holiness of the venerable servant of God and remains confident that Sheen will be beatified. Bishop Jenky has every intention of continuing the cause, but no further date for beatification has been discussed."
The Diocese of Peoria said it will offer no further comment "at this time."
Fulton J. Sheen, a native of El Paso, Ill., was ordained Sept. 20, 1919, at St. Mary's Cathedral in Peoria.
He died Dec. 9, 1979, in Manhattan at age 84.
This past July, Pope Francis approved a miracle attributed to the intercession of Archbishop Sheen, which led the way to the announcement he would be beatified.—CNS


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Take a trip to the heritage town of Malacca and enjoy a 2D1N stay with a loved one at Swiss-Garden Hotel Melaka. Spend your time indulging in the many tantalising food options Malacca is well-known for such as Nyonya cuisine or cendol and take in the sights of attractions such as A Famosa and Jonker Street! When you're not busy out and about exploring all the must-see places, head back to the hotel and relax as you take a refreshing dip in the pool or give yourself a rejuvenating detox in the sauna.
Featured in these collectionsTravel to MelakaMalaysia Travel Destination


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Gallery: Gold's battling for finals spot against Nambour
CRICKET: In a must win Gympie Gold were on the back foot early losing all their seven remaining wickets for a total of 123.
The Nambour bowlers utilised the pitch with Kobi Griggs doing most of the damage taking five wickets.
Gold's pacemen were ready to strike back with Brycen Mitchell taking the Nambour's two opening bastmen.
Cutters are 5/105. It will be a close finish but Gold will need some quick wickets in the last session to keep their finals hopes alive.
More to come.


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Commonly known as the mother-in-law's tongue, this plant is a super air purify plant! The plant exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide using the crassulacean acid metabolism process, which is only present in a small number of plant species. Arrives in a large terracotta pot + saucer. A great choice for an ornamental plant.
– A Nanjala exclusive
– Locally grown live snake plant, large terracotta pot, soil are included
– Keep indoors with bright or direct sunlight at room temperature (20-30 degrees C).
– Water thoroughly once a week or every fortnight to keep soil evenly moist.
– Ready to place in home.
– Kenya
Plant: Approximately 30 cm H
Pot: 25cm diameter, accompanying saucer
Plants will arrive rooted in the pot. We use potting soil mixed with compost for healthy growth of the plant. This plant contains saponins which are mildly toxic to dogs and cats and can lead to gastrointestinal upset if consumed


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This Gears 5 Kait Diaz Xbox One Controller Stand is ideal for displaying your controller, as well as keeping it safe from damage.
Perfect for displaying your collection if you are a big collector.
Gaming Displays stands are laser cut from high quality branded 3mm acrylic.
They are an easy push fit design.
To assemble, first peel all of the protective film from the sides and brace.
Then slot each side piece onto either end of the brace.
Finally slot the two sides into the corresponding holes on the base, back holes first.
Now your controller stand is ready to use.
We stock a large variety of standard handheld console and controller stands for a range of platforms.
These include both modern and retro handheld consoles and controllers.
We also have a range of Printed Display Stands, these are for PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Nintendo Switch.
In addition to the Gears 5 Kait Diaz Xbox One Controller Stand we also have other Gears of War designs too.
These include stands to complement the Crimson Omen and Limited Edition JD Fenix designs.
Similarly we also have a stand designed to hold the Xbox 360 Crimson Omen controller.
For all of the latest product releases please follow us on Instagram.
In addition to Instagram we also have pages on Facebook, Twitter and Pinterest.


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Key terms
While we have already discussed some common data terms, there will be others ones too that we will use throughout the course, so we're going to introduce these now as a useful glossary, with some terms explained below and more in the Glossary of terms PDF download.
Artificial Intelligence (AI): the theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks normally requiring human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision-making, and translation between languages. (OED)
Big Data: According to the UK Cabinet Office, refers to both "large volumes of data with high levels of complexity" and the "more advanced techniques and technologies required to gain meaningful information and insights in real time".
Cognitive Computing: refers to systems that learn at scale (i.e. have the ability to process very large volumes of all types of data), in real time, and interact with humans naturally.
Data Analytics: the extraction of insights and meaning from raw data using specialised tools and techniques.
Data Analyst vs Data Scientist: In general, a data analyst will help you query, summarise, and process data, and a data scientist will apply analytic tools and techniques to solve specific problems.
Data Visualisation: the art of communicating and making sense of data using images.
Machine Learning: a branch of Artificial Intelligence that enables systems to learn and improve from experience, without being explicitly programmed. Great at spotting patterns and generalising to other cases based on the data inputs and outputs. (Here's a short guide from Harvard on how Machine Learning can work for local government.)
Small Data: refers to data which is small enough to be processed inside a single computer, using simple tools such as spreadsheet applications.
Structured Data: data which is in a traditional row-column tabular format.
Unstructured Data: is data that needs to be cleaned and processed before analysis, or where the structure of the data is not tabular. An example of the first type would be text, and of the second, a social network.
NB Another common term particularly in Europe is GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) and we will be looking at that in more detail in week 2 (section 2.7).
© Edinburgh Napier University


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Fearnow Insurance is pleased to announce they offer a vast array of insurance policies for those in need. As an independent insurance agency, Fearnow provides personal, life, health and business-related insurance policies to those in the Tampa area by working closely with a network of other companies to extend their reach and the services they can provide.
Fearnow Insurance prides themselves on working well with other providers to bring more of what is needed in the Tampa area. This working relationship allows residents to experience the coverages they require while working with a company they can trust.
Fearnow Insurance believes in supporting the community they are part of. As part of the Chamber of Commerce, sponsor to youth groups and the annual fundraising for Joshua House, the team at Fearnow strives to give back to those around them.
For more information on the wide variety of policies offered by Fearnow Insurance, visit them on their website or call 813-689-8878.
About Fearnow Insurance Inc.: Fearnow Insurance is an independent insurance agency that has been in operation since 1991. They offer a wide variety of insurance coverages to those in need and strive to not only give back to their community but to offer an insurance agency they feel confident trusting.
Company: Fearnow Insurance
Address: 11607 E. MLK Blvd. Seffner, FL 33584
Phone No.: (813) 689-8878
Email address: firstname.lastname@example.com


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Plans to construct 2, 000MW hydro dam in Ethiopia, on the lower bank of the Omo River are underway. An Italian export credit agency, Servizi Assicuative del Commerce Estero (SACE) has agreed to fund the development.
Ethiopia's Prime Minister Hailemariam Desalegn confirmed the great news and said that the deal for the construction of the dam which is dubbed Koysha dam came after successful negotiations between Ethiopia's Electric Power (EEP) and Italian construction firm Salini Costruttori.
"The deal was sealed after a successful negotiation between Ethiopia's Electric Power (EEP) and Italian construction firm Salini Costruttori," said the Prime Minister.
The mega development of the dam is projected to cost a whopping US$ 1.7bn and will be funded by the Italian company, SACE.
An Ethiopian delegation which was led by the CEO of EEP Azeb Asnake, and the head of the Ministry of Finance and Economic Cooperation's Legal Affairs Directorate Wasihun Abate, flew to Rome to seal the financing agreement.
This is a very good initiative since it will help in Ethiopia's vision of becoming the centre for the renewable energy in Africa.
The country is currently constructing the Grand Ethiopia Renaissance Dam (GERD) which is projected to be the largest dam in Africa. It is being built on the Blue Nile and already over 50 percent complete. They have also made the 1,800 capacity Gibe III dam operational.
Under its five-year development plan, Ethiopia has made it a priority to increase their energy supply and is currently looking to utilize its rivers for power generation. They also recently signed a US$ 4bn deal for the construction of a 1,000MW geothermal facility with a US-Icelandic firm Reykjavik Geothermal. It will be Ethiopia's first privately-run power plant.


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The colors you see in your home and office can affect your life? Yup, every color we see affect our emotions, energy level, mood and how we work. Chromo therapy is a therapy that fully based on the concept of effect of colors in our life.10 relaxing colors and how they affect your life
10 relaxing colors and how they affect your life
If you always feel stressed, then some colors can help you to make relax and joyful. Colors have positive and negative effect in our life. We have compiled a list of ten colors that relax you.
- Yellow – It is the color of energy and life. Whenever your eye lay on yellow color you will feel lively and energetic. It is the perfect color for your bed room. When you wake up in the morning this color is perfect to kick start your day. You can also place yellow color artifacts at home. In recent studies, it is proven that peoples living in yellow color room seems to be more conscious and active. Yellow color works best in bed room, office, drawing room, and kitchen. So, with the help of yellow color you can fully energized throughout your day. 10 relaxing colors and how they affect your life
- Grey – As grey is shade of black mostly people think that it is bit depressing color, dull and boring. But having Grey color at home or at office affect your life positively. It holds enough power to relax the atmosphere. Grey has a very soothing and cooling presence. You can use Grey in your drawing room interior with blue and white or you can use it at office that helps you to manage work pressure. When grey color is used with shades of white and blue it works really well to influence positive in you. 10 relaxing colors and how they affect your life
- Violet – Violet holds power to make you feel inner peace and to bring balance in your life. It is also the symbol of wisdom, peace and strength. In new research it is proven that, power of meditation becomes ten times when done under violet light. Having violet color at home is said to be good in maintaining the potassium and sodium balance of body, it helps in better growth of bone. Violet also consider as cooling color, you can take benefit of it at your office in creating peaceful environment. You can also use violet color decorative items at home. Use violet color once you will understand the positive effect of it in your life.
- White – It is one of the best relaxing color. White color symbolizes the purity and clarity. Room painted with white is good for older, white also refers for calm nature. You can also use white in kid room, it helps them to manage stress of studies and clarity of thoughts. As you know dirt is easily seen on white, so you need to make it clean and maintain its purity. Otherwise the dullness on white color also reflected to your mood and make it dull. 10 relaxing colors and how they affect your life
- Pink – Pink is considering to be as color of females. So, mostly it used in girl room but pink in itself hold power to calm you and make you feel relaxed. In Feng Shui, it is considered as," pink soothes various energies in a room and keep them understand". Pink is a symbol of color that promotes tranquility and peace. Having shades of pink in any part of your home helps in balancing the energies and peace of house.
- Green – Green symbolizes the nature and having this color at home helps you to stay calm and refreshed thought out the day. Light green is considered as more relaxing, as it reflects the budding greenery. And another shade yellow-green is known for its stress-reducing effect on our life. You can use green in interior of your house. There is also believe that, green increases the flow of money.
- Blue – It is the color of sky represents the freedom, as well as sea also have blue color which gives you a cooling effect whenever your eye lay on blue color. It is very relaxing color that clam your mind, make you feel cool, slow down your heart beat and has unique power to manage stress. Blue is widely used in home interiors to make you feel free from stress and calm your body. Most preferred shade of blue is light blue.
- Purple – Purple stands for royalty many emperors used to symbolize their royalty and luxury. It also relaxes you by making you feel like king and rich. This color helps to stimulate the creative part of the brain. Using purple color at home give your home a rich royal look with minimal efforts. In studies it is observed that, having purple a color at study room help to boost the creativity of kid and increase their performance at dramatically at professional front. 10 relaxing colors and how they affect your life
- Orange – Orange color helps to maintain the energy level of your body. It is considered as the most preferred color for personal gym, kitchen and dining room. It is very welcoming color and helps you to simulate the bright vibration of your body. Having this at office, work well if often feel tried while working. It never let you feel dull and make you fully active. 10 relaxing colors and how they affect your life
- Red – Red is symbol of fire, rise your energy and excitement. Red is popular in restaurant because red color increase blood flow, increase hunger and also helps costumer to make quick decision about what they want to eat. Whenever you feel dull and boring look at red color for few minutes ignite the excitement and also simulate your energy level. All these properties of red make it perfect choice for dining room and living room.
So, what about you? Which one is your favorite and why? Do not forget to share with us as we are waiting your feedbacks and views to get indulged in. 10 relaxing colors and how they affect your life
Have A Happy Reading…
Stay Connected With Jiyo Pal Pal….
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Writing Room: Day one, 12:28 PM
Here's the first part of a short series I'm doing.
It's not thoroughly spell-checked, I did not yet check it for possible plot holes, and it may or may not be revised sooner or later, but I'll throw it out there anyway, to get some feedback. I already have the second part semi-complete, so we'll see when that goes up. Without further ado, here you go!
"Dear diary," is what I would write if this were a diary. Though it comes close, it isn't exactly that. It's more of an… experimental log. Allow me to elaborate.
For the longest time now, I have suffered from writer's block. I can't think of anything original or creative, and when I do I quickly throw it off of the table since it's a really bad idea. My publisher has recently been putting a lot of pressure on me. A friend of mine suggested I lock myself up in my room for a week and hope I come out with a masterpiece. I thought about it, and didn't exactly like the idea. What would one accomplish by just staring at a bunch of blank pages all day, anyway? As I've said, ideas don't flow for me anymore. A few days after that chat with my friend though, I got one. Experimental writing styles have always fascinated me, and I used to play around with them every now and then. A book doesn't have to follow any conventions, I can just make up my own! And so it was decided, I'd go find a barren, mostly empty room, have myself locked up in it for a week, and write about my experience.
And now I'm sitting here, in a room specifically selected for my little venture. Concrete walls and floors, no wallpaper on them, barely any furniture safe for my bed, desk, the toilet and a sink. On the desk stands the typewriter I'm writing this on, with an impossibly large stack of paper next to it. There are no windows, so I can't look outside. The door is made out of metal, and is locked up pretty well. There's a dispenser on the wall that spits out a slice of bread every hour. Some come with cheese or meat on them, if you're lucky. We had that specially installed, since I didn't want any human, any outside intervention. Complete isolation, just me, myself and I. I don't expect the coming days to be easy, and I'll probably be bored out of my mind sometimes, but thanks to that some spontaneous stuff is bound to happen. I don't know what yet, but when I do, I will be sure to document it.
That will be all for now. I would ask you to pray for my sanity, but that is probably a bit over the top. In any case, expect another report from me soon!
Comments and critique, please!
~ Fang


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C2E2 is just around the corner! Taking place April 6-8 at McCormick Place in Chicago, IL, attendees are frantically planning what to do while at the convention. There is an impressive list of entertainment guests for fans to get autographs and photos with, as well as tons of panels to attend. And as we all know there is a whole host of artists and vendors to visit on the convention floor. But what else can you do at C2E2?
MASSVR Virtual Reality Experience
At the back of Aisle 200 on the convention floor, C2E2 is bringing in a virtual reality experience for fans to take part in. Up to 8 players can partake in the team vs. team battle to infiltrate the enemy's base and destroy their power core while still defending their own.
Tickets are available for purchase here.
In Aisle 600, you can find a freeplay lending library of dozens of new and classic tabletop games available for checkout free of charge.
There will also be tournaments and organized play for Magic: The Gathering, Pokemon, Acension, and Lightseekers. The full schedule is available here.
For the video game fans, Aisle 300 will have free play and organized tournaments of games such as Mario Kart 64, Super Smash Bros. 4, and many more.
Manga Lending Library
Want to take a break and get in some reading? Then the Manga Lending Library may be just the thing for you! C2E2 is pairing up with the Carolina Manga Library to bring attendees a lending library of over 5,000 books consisting of manga, American graphic novels, newspaper comic strips, art books and more!
If the sheer number of volumes available is enough to intimidate you, there will be staff on-hand more than willing to help you find something that will catch your interest.
All you need to do is show your C2E2 badge at room N426c to gain access to all the books you could possibly want during convention hours.
Cosplay Central
What would a comic convention be without cosplay? It's certainly possible to have a comic con without cosplay, but it definitely isn't as much fun! Cosplay Central is just what you would suspect, and the center of everything cosplay at C2E2.
The Cosplay Central Stage has a full slate of panels and workshops throughout the weekend, and you can find the schedule here. Cosplay guests will have booths there where fans can meet them in person. The Cosplay Triage and Wig Care booths will rescue cosplayers from any costume issues that may arise while on the con floor.
A changing area will be available for anyone needing to pull a Clark Kent and make a switch to their alter ego for the weekend. Backdrops will be set up, giving cosplayers the perfect setting for photos of their cosplays.
Family HQ
C2E2 is proud to be a convention suitable for the entire family, and even has an area dedicated to families! This area of the Show Floor will have hands-on workshops, interactive programming, and entertaining performances for attendees bringing along their children. You can find the full schedule here.
Tickets for C2E2 are available for purchase here.
Will you be attending C2E2 this year? What are you looking forward to the most?


text: Sunshine Homes East is a single family residential neighborhood in Southwest—Westside, Costa Mesa. The Sunshine Homes East community was built in 1956. Sunshine Homes East homes are approximately 1,000 square feet to 1,500 square feet in size. Most homes are single level in this neighborhood. Many homes have been updated and remodeled. Residents are very close to the Orange County Performing Arts Center and the Old Town district on 17th Street. In addition, to shopping and dining on 17th Street, Triangle Square Shopping Center is close by, as well. Residents have easy access to both Costa Mesa and Newport Beach, by using the 55 Freeway and Newport Boulevard. Students are within walking distance of local schools. Sunshine Homes East homeowners can ride their bikes to both Fairview Park and the beach.


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New funding to investigate the development of a low cost, low carbon hydrogen for industry, buildings and transport and help create hundreds of clean industry jobs.
This is the latest clean technology to receive government funding, as a result of the Clean Growth Strategy.
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CLOSURE TYPE: All trucker hats have a snapback closure aside from for those with beige mesh, which have hook and loop
GREAT QUALITY: Durable, sturdy, lightweight. Lasts years. Suitable for wear all over summer, spring, winter, and fall.
GREAT FIT: Low profile crown permits for a relaxed have compatibility. One size fits so much with adjustable closure.
DIMENSIONS: Inner Circumference: 20.5″- 23.5″; Brim Width: 7.5"; Brim Depth: 2.75"; Button to Brim: 6.25"; Button to Side: 6.5".
WHY YOU WILL LOVE IT: Baseball cap prime features come with adjustable closure, unstructured low-profile crown, at ease have compatibility, and breathable mesh backing for all-day comfort. Looks great on men and women.


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My recent thoughts has led a discussion between myself and Destre…
What are the ontological status' of theoretical entities that differ discourse specific?
1. Physics: necessary concepts vs. dispensable concepts; useful vs. necesary fiction; unobserably true vs. observably false; unfalsifiable for truth conditions vs. exempt from truth conditions
2. Mathematics (axioms); setting the conditions of truth, or truth-apt propositions? Truth-bearing vs. truth-conferring?
3. Chemistry/Biology – dispensable concepts; if our catalogue of natural kinds change; does our structuration of them change? Two questions here to distinguish
3.a. Does specific components of our structuration, namely in the rules of construal of kinds change?
3.b. Does the fact that there is a structure remain the same?
Following Korner on Transcendental arguments, the test for the psychological necessity is to conceive, or pose the following: Is it possible to theorise such entities without a structure that lies systematic or schematic? (while prima facie this seems a valid and important question; ti also seems to me a pseudoquestion; for the entities cannot be entities without the underlying structure…but I need to show this fact)


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Celebrating Science Fiction Day – A Look at the Growth of Science Fiction Fandom
As a byproduct of the popularity of science fiction movies, books, and games, an entire subculture has entrenched itself in our current culture. This avid following of all things science fiction is more commonly called "SF Fandom" and has some interesting roots.
In the Beginning
In the late 1800s, science fiction stories were first published in book form. Jules Verne is credited as the first to write what is considered "pure science fiction" where stories solely centered on technological, futuristic, fantastic, and alien or otherworldly content.
Sci-fi Fan Interest Grows
Science fiction started making more headway into the public eye in the early 1900s as magazines would sometimes run single stories or serialized versions of a story mixed into their normal content to capitalize on the growing interest in the topic. Magazines like Argosy, a children's weekly publication, would publish stories with science fiction themes, but, as a whole, there were no genre-specific publications like we have available today.
Despite an influx of new science fiction stories being published in those early years by Argosy and other similar magazines, science fiction fans of all ages were looking for lots more material.
To meet the demand, the mid-1920s saw the explosion of what was called "pulp" magazines. These publications were typically issued monthly and featured short stories produced and illustrated mostly by fans but sometimes featured works by already established science fiction authors.
A well-known example is the 1926 pulp magazine Amazing Stories which featured only works of a true science fiction nature. Not commonly known is that Jules Verne, H.G. Wells, and Edgar Allen Poe all provided significant contributions with stories published in early copies of Amazing Stories while many authors found their first publishing success in the myriad of other pulp magazines.
Even More Fan Access
While this may seem strange now, science fiction fans reading Amazing Stories were encouraged to contact each other via a letter column included in the publication. Amazing Stories' letter column provided the the names and addresses of its fans in print. Publishing such information meant fans could contact each other (and sometimes professional authors or artists) via mail to discuss characters, stories, and plots or to arrange for the swapping of magazine issues. This connection of like-minded science fiction buffs became the first organized type of fan club for the genre's enthusiasts. Essentially, this was an early equivalent of social media helping to boost and share information on a beloved topic
A further outgrowth of the fan clubs was the creation of fanzines. Fanzines were typically amateur magazines often produced to provide further exploration of the genre via elaboration on story lines or to provide outlets for artistic contributions like character or scene illustrations. Additionally, fanzines afforded a platform for novice writers who hoped to join the ranks of professional science fiction authors.
An example of one of the earliest fanzines was The Comet, created in 1930 by Raymond Arthur Palmer who was a member of the Science Correspondence Club of Chicago.
After the introduction of The Comet, many other fanzines came as went as the creators often found keeping up with the publishing of them was too demanding of their time and sometimes too costly.
However, while short-lived, fanzines did make a significant mark on the genre with some of the most successful writers being Robert E. Howard, H.P. Lovecraft, Edgar Rice Burroughs (Mithra series), and J.R.R. Tolkein (Lord of the Rings trilogy).
Fandom Today
Today, science fiction fandom has taken on a life of its own. Some popular outlets include Sci-Fi conventions, themed events such as weddings or graduation parties, role playing games, and many others where attendees can hear or converse in fanspeak, a jargon used by die hard fans to communicate with each other about all things science fiction.
Happy New Year, Baby!
If you're lucky, or maybe not, you've encountered somebody at a New Year's Eve party dressed like "Baby New Year."
Typically, you find it's an adult male who's donned an over-sized diaper and wearing a sash emblazoned with the year to come. This can make for lots of good fun for those who have already had a few libations (Moscow mule anybody?!). But did you ever think about why a baby is associated with the coming of a new year?
As it turns out, the association of a baby and a new calendar year goes way, way back. It can be traced to around 600 B.C. when the Greeks chose to use a baby to symbolize rebirth.
Through the years, images of Baby New Year have been used across posters, cards, invitations, books, calendars, advertising, and the like.
But one publication chose to feature Baby New Year in a very unique way.
The Saturday Evening Post, most commonly associated with covers featuring beautiful PG-rated illustrations by Norman Rockwell, placed very beautiful and yet somewhat thought-provoking images on its first cover of the year from 1907 until 1943. These covers featured the art of J.C. Leyendecker, predecessor and mentor to Rockwell, who was considered to be one of the preeminent American illustrators of the early 20th century.
The first four covers by Leyendecker were general in theme but in 1910, this changed. From then on, each cover featured Baby New Year in a way that was reflective of the mood of the United States at the time. For example, the 1912 Saturday Evening Post cover features Baby New Year holding a sign that states "Votes for Women" as a way of depicting the nation's interest in the women's suffrage movement.
In 1934, Baby New Year is seen looking like a business man, wearing a bowler while closely watching a stock ticker tape - hopefully to see a positive upswing as a result from the recently approved National Recovery Act which was designed to regulate industry for fair wages and control prices in an effort to stimulate economic recovery.
Most provocative though are the four covers released in the 1940s. Though the United States was at peace when the decade began, there was concern over tensions abroad and a growing concern about the possibility of U.S involvement.
Donned in military gear and surrounded by symbols of "the enemies," Baby New Year was portrayed in a way that was not as gentle as it once was depicted. Forthright references to the Axis powers of Germany, Japan, and Italy were included and Baby New Year was used to convey deep, dark, and fearful messages.
While the artistry of Leyendecker's covers is beautiful, it's amazing that Baby New Year, a character that was once simply a sweet iconic figure with a cherubic face, symbolic of hope and rebirth, would change over the years to become a messenger of something as tough and distasteful as a world war.
Everyone had their favorite television shows in the 60s and 70s. Thing was, we didn't have access to binge watching and seeing the shows over and over like kids today can. We had to sit down at a certain time each week to catch our favorite show and if we missed it, maybe we could catch the episode as a rerun - months later...if we were lucky.
So, how else could we get our fix? Good 'ole board games - and it turns out there were tons of them made in the 1970s.
A recent search online turned up some pretty weird games that are still hanging around some 40+ yerars after they were first sold.
Let's take a look!
Leave it to Beaver | Rocket to the Moon Space Game
Yeah - you read that right. "Leave it to Beaver" and "Space Game" together in one title. This was a board game made in 1959 that had two players flip a small rocket shaped "die" then move their small marker chip around a board as they explored space. I think Eddie, Lumpy, and even kind, well-mannered Wally would have been laughing themselves silly at the idea of this game, especially since I don't recall any time that Beaver ever talked about playing a spaceman or the like.
The Love Boat | World Cruise Game
Tell me you don't hear the voice of Jack Jones singing the theme song at the mere mention of this show, especially this part which everyone seems to know:
"The Love Boat soon will be making another run
The Love Boat promises something for everyone
Set a course for adventure
Your mind on a new romance"
The game follows on the same basic theme of the show by having different players assuming the roles of the ship guest (played by famous celebrities on the show) each of who has certain traits. These traits come into play as the cruise ship travels to different ports of call, and players use them to gain advantages over the others. In essence, this is a strategy game and has little to do with the TV show except the branding and some of the graphic on the game pieces. But that's okay - it gets us singing that great tune and wistfully dreaming again.
Barnabas Collins | Dark Shadows Game
Based on a soap opera that ran from 1966 to 1971, this game has a video advertisement that gets the kid whipped up in me. I just watched it for the first time and thought the game looked so cool!
Who wouldn't want a game that comes with a vampire, a stake (watch our for it!), and even glow in the dark teeth!! Seriously Milton Bradley Company - you had me at the cool coffin shot.
Lost in Space Game
Like the popular show from the 70s, the object of this game is to travel through space to unknown planets, explore, and not get killed.
Unlike the TV show, this game has only a board, player tokens, and a spinner to work with. Hazards of various types are printed on the board.
All I can say is that Lost in Space doesn't work for me without the Robot, of course. And Dr. Smith. Poor, pathetic, whimpering Dr. Smith.
Starsky & Hutch | Detective Game
This game from 1977 was based on the hit series about two Bay City police detectives that ran on ABC TV from 1975 through 1979. The show starred Paul Michael Glaser as David Starsky and David Soul as Kenneth "Hutch" Hutchinson. And who could forget their bad ass red Ford Gran Torino with the white stripe, a car that, to this day, many of us who love muscle cars still lust over.
In the game, the two cops are once again chasing after the bad guys but without the car, Starsky's cardigan, and the ever-present chance that Hutch might break out a rendition of his #1 Billboard song, it's just not the same.
Ben Casey M.D. Game
Aaaaah, Ben Casey. Who's mom didn't have a wild crush on this guy? The show, known for its opening titles, which consisted of a hand drawing the symbols "♂, ♀, ✳, †, ∞" on a chalkboard representing "man, woman, birth, death, and infinity, starred Vince Edwards as the handsome, idealistic neurosurgeon working at County General Hospital. The 1961 board game based on the show is pretty simple - roll a die, move from room to room in a hospital, collect "symptom" cards, then make a successful diagnosis. Leaves plenty of time for chasing after that dreamboat doctor the game is named after now, doesn't it.
Got Any You Want to Ad to the List?
Let me know if you have any old favorites you'd like to see included.
Ceramic Christmas Trees and Other Stuff
If you were a kid in the 60s or 70s, there's a really good chance that your mom was leaving the house at least once a week to go to a ceramics class. Ceramics was really popular back then and there were little shops set up where women went to get away from the house and kids, get creative, and bring home something decorative for the house. Maybe there was even a little wine involved.
These shops offered up plain white porcelain molded figures to pick from and then mom would spend her evenings painting it however she wanted. Based on some of the color combos and painting tactics I've seen on these pieces in thrift stores, I think there's even more fuel for the argument that wine may have been involved! Once the painting was done, the item was fired and it was on its way home to a new place of honor on the dining room table, mantle, or wherever else she felt it would look good.
Ceramic Stuff-a-Plenty
We had quite the assortment of hand-painted ceramic goods in our home. There was the huge cornucopia (or horn-o-plenty, the alternative name that always seemed to put my brother into fits of giggles when it was said aloud) that was on display at our Thanksgiving table every year.
A tower of fruit and some other weird stuff in a footed urn turn up in our living room.
There was a really glossy red and black speckled owl whose head could be removed (sorry - I can't seem to find a picture quite like ours). My dad stored his pennies in that thing and would pay me one penny for every two bags of garbage I took out to the trash can. I guess child labor laws were looser then. We also had the big cabbage soup tureen with a dish like a giant leaf under it.
There were tons of these things. Even a porcelain Christmas tree that had plastic lights that actually lit up when it was plugged in. I loved that thing but at some point, my mom chucked it in the trash. She went through this crazy phase in the early 80s where she wanted nothing. She used to actually say "I want to live like Ghandi. I want to have nothing and be able to dust without lifting anything up." Strange comment but good advice, I always thought.
Retro Christmas and Ceramic Trees
About ten years ago when I started picking up retro Christmas decorations, I'd see those trees all the time in thrift stores. I resisted getting any for many years though I'm not sure why. Eventually, I ended up forking over maybe all of three dollars and got quite a nice ceramic tree. Mine was green with the colored lights and had some white paint on the tips of the boughs that was meant to represent snow. Kind of the ceramic version of a flocked Christmas tree.
Popularity in ceramic figures hasn't been there for the most part from what I can tell. However, in case you've missed the posts all over the place in the past few days, these things are suddenly highly sought after now. Brand new ones are being made by several manufacturers and sold in stores and online for roughly $50 or less. But the vintage ones, the ones truly dating back to being "homemade" in that they are hand-painted and often "signed" on the bottom by somebody's mom – WOW!
I've seen prices in the hundreds for just one. It's funny how for so many years my friends have turned up their noses at my love of mid-century kitsch stuff and now the world is taking notice - driving up the prices for everybody else. For those of us who got this type of design long before it was cool, well, we're grinning from ear to ear right about now.
If the ceramic Christmas trees see a lot of success in demand, then maybe, just maybe the cornucopia will be going for big bucks by next year's Thanksgiving. Better run out and get one now!
I had the goods. Lots and lots of them. I started collecting retro Christmas decorations years before the recent trend towards mid-century decor was a trend. I'm weird like that. I get on a kick about a good ten years before everybody else. So, starting sometime back in the last decade, I started hounding thrift stores, yard sales, and EBay, looking for weird and cute vintage goods to put out at Christmas time. This is one of the first things that got my attention - a really kitschy plastic and flock fireplace of sorts with the word Noel emblazoned above Santa's head, The materials, textures, and odd-sizing of the Santa, deer, lightpost, and the rest just made me delighted for some weird reason!
Fortunately for me the prices were beyond reasonable since nobody else really had an interest in this stuff. It seemed like lots of stuff dating from the 40s through the 70s was showing up en masse. Likely a bunch of people a generation or two older than me were dying off and their kids who were cleaning out their homes just saw these items as pure crap - excuse my French.
I was able to add to my collection quickly during the first couple of years. Things like glass ornaments, figurines, toys, and even old Christmas cards were up for grabs and came home with me.
In particular though, I sought old light strands and the old bulbs that went with those. To me, nothing is more soothing than the warm, fuzzy glow those lights cast off. Especially when you crawled under the tree and looked straight up into it - one of my favorite things to do each year.
Finding those lights was tough. They weren't being reproduced yet and getting originals that still worked or weren't jammed into a light socket was a challenge. But I pursued. Sometimes I'd find just a couple scattered in with a bunch of other things. Sometimes I'd find several boxes. But most times, they were attached to strings that wouldn't light up when plugged in. Even so, I'd buy the whole thing for a buck or two on the off chance that the bulbs still worked.
One of the interesting things I noticed was that there were differences in the colors of the bulbs based on the years they were made. Older bulbs are easy to identify - they have a rounder or squared tip and the colors are more gentle in nature. These are also better coated so they produce a different kind of glow than newer ones.
In this photo you can see differences in the blue bulbs. Those that are lighter have the more rounded end as well as being lighter in color to begin with. Those are the older bulbs. Also, the yellow ones are old, so much so that original vintage Christmas bulbs of this color are really hard to come by. Even white ones are different. Again, the coating is partly to play as it creates a much warmer light than today's mini-bulbs.
In the end, I acquired plenty of working bulbs and used the original strings until brand new versions started showing up in stores. I figured these were safer.
I also set out to find things like wire brush wreaths, old tree-toppers angels, plastic flower or bells woven into garland, and handmade decorations. I really loved those since I recall making some of the same things when I was a kid and I know and appreciate the effort put into their creation.
By the year 2014 I had amassed a huge collection. Box after box of items were jammed into a section of my basement. That year I put these items on display around the house, but the best part was in the old Billy bookcases from Ikea that I had.
These were 6.5 feet tall and had glass doors running the entire height. In essence, each shelf became its own shadowbox. I strung lights through each shelf then added items from the collection. It was amazing! I had friend and neighbors come over just to check out the display.
Here are some shots of each shelf - not well photographed, but you can get the idea of how they looked well enough.
The Heartbreak
Jump ahead to the very next year - one that I had very much looked forward to with new ways to showcase my vintage Christmas collection. In October, I split with my spouse (that was actually a good thing) and in doing so, it meant I was going to need to move out of my home - one that had 20+ years of accumulated stuff, including my extensive Christmas retro goods.
Timing being as it was, I realized that I could sell it, but I had to move quickly since as they say "the season is upon us." Ideally, I wish I had time to list the items on Ebay so I could get a better price on them (values had skyrocketed on many things by then) but that wasn't realistic. So, out went the ads on Facebook and in came the replies - like buzzards on fresh roadkill.
I managed to liquidate nearly the entire collection in just three days. It was crazy, and gut wrenching to see the items I'd worked too hard to gather getting dispersed like that. But, as much as I wish I still had these things, I know somebody else is enjoying them, and that in some small way I've helped to keep the spirit of kooky old Christmas decorations alive.


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My Experience in the U.S. – Yangyi Liu from Beijing, China
Name: Yangyi Liu
Country: Beijing, China
Year: Senior, Class of 2018
School: Grinnell College, Grinnell, Iowa
Major: Double major in Biological Chemistry and English
Q. Why did you choose Grinnell College?
A. I liked the idea of a liberal arts education and the small class size because I thought it would create a better sense of community. I was a little afraid that a small town would be isolating, but it has everything you need –– a coffee shop, a movie theatre. And actually, the quiet environment is a plus for anyone wishing to delve into academics and student life.
Q. What was your biggest fear or worry about studying in the United States, and what did you find when you arrived?
A. Speaking in class or in public, especially in my second language. I was quiet when I first arrived, but then got a C in participation and realized it was hurting my grades. I finally realized many other students didn't say "smart" things and that speaking something "silly" was better than speaking nothing. Sometimes we care too much about what others think and it can be toxic to our growth.
Q. What's the best part of studying in the United States?
A. Flexibility and the interdisciplinary nature of the curriculum. I have found that everything is connected, and the academic environment at Grinnell allows me to explore that. Take my favorite topic –– memory –– as an example. I've learned about memory's physiological mechanism in a neuroscience class, have pondered its meaning in a philosophy class, and am currently studying its role in Renaissance literary works –– not to mention the research project I have been doing for almost two years on a neuronal protein critical for learning and memory. It's fascinating to look at something from every angle.
Q. What's the hardest part?
A. Finding a way to continue my education. I'm a senior and wanted to get my Ph.D., but international students face fierce competition. I just kept actively seeking out opportunities and following up and it happened: I'm now on my way to Yale to get my Ph.D. in chemistry!
Q. What's the coolest thing you've done or learned?
A. Screenwriting. It was a special course and after analyzing a ton of pilot episodes, I was shocked to see that almost every tv episode is composed of the same structure. I wrote a script about my childhood fantasy of having my favorite book characters come to life.
Q. What advice would you give incoming students?
A. Don't be afraid to show your ambition. If you think you deserve something –– either a fellowship, an internship, or some other opportunity –– say you want it and fight hard for it. In my home country, it's winner-gets-all, but don't expect something to fall your way. You have to be proactive to make opportunities happen.
Don't Miss…
A live Broadway show! I saw "Wicked" in New York City and "Hamilton" in Chicago and the live music and being close to the performers was so powerful.
Be sure to follow @USNewsGlobalEd on Twitter.
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Robert Mueller appears before US House Judiciary Committee
Former Special Counsel Robert Mueller is appearing before the two congressional committees in today's trial related to his probe report on Russia meddling in 2016 presidential election.
Mueller's appearance before two House panels promises to be the TV event of the year in the US House.
Al Jazeera reports live from Washington, DC.
Read the full article at: aljazeera.com


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Workers have broken ground on two new apartment buildings going up at the former Pabst Brewery complex in Milwaukee.
The Vim and Vigor apartments will include 274 units and 7,000 square feet of retail space at the corner of Juneau and 10th Street. The buildings are being put up on separate lots about a block apart from each other. The Indianapolis-based developer Milhaus is working with Milwaukee-based WiRED Properties on the project.
Milhaus bought the two properties in May for $3 million. The apartments are expected to be open to tenants in 2018.
The buildings are going up on a site that, until being closed in 1996, was a complex used by the Pabst Brewing Co. The property was bought by a developer in 2006. Once complete, it will have a hotel, brewery and office and residential space.
"With the creation of Vim and Vigor, Milhaus will continue to bring energy to this downtown Milwaukee neighborhood, filling in the final puzzle piece with a vibrant project," Jake Dietrich, director of development at Milhaus, said in a statement.
Vigor and Vim is Milhaus' second project in the Milwaukee area; the developer is also working with WiRED Properties on the Stitchweld apartments in the Bay View neighborhood. That project consists of four buildings with 291 units. The first of those buildings opened in April.


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"It may be that the Lord will work for us." 1Sa 14:6
Jonathan, King Saul's son, was pursuing a Philistine garrison. No prophet had spoken. He had no word from the Lord to confirm that he was going to win the battle. He simply said to his armor bearer, "Come, and let us go over unto the garrison of these uncircumcised: it may be that the Lord will work for us." Now, this doesn't give you license to go off and do your own thing, then ask God to back you up. Clearly, Jonathan was fighting on the side of the Lord's people so he knew that God was with him. But without specific, detailed direction he stepped out on a "maybe." Did it work? Yes. When Jonathan and his armor bearer killed twenty of the Philistines, it threw the opposing force into such confusion that they started killing one another, and Israel came out on top. Solomon said, "He who observes the wind will not sow, and he who regards the clouds will not reap" (Ecc 11:4 NKJV). In other words, if you wait for perfect conditions you'll neither attempt nor accomplish anything. Yes, it would be wonderful if God always gave us specific directions. But often He leads by an idea or an impression that begins to grow inside you, and as it strengthens and persists you start to think, "Maybe this is what God wants me to do." We like the guaranteed outcome (and income). We're comfortable with the certain, absolute deal, with no risk of failure or loss. But you're going to face a "maybe" more times than you will have guarantees. And it's those times of uncertainty that strengthen your faith, your resolve, and your courage.
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North African Ostrich Workshop in Chad
The North African ostrich (Struthio camelus camelus) is the biggest and one of the rarest birds on the planet. With the exception of a few small savanna populations in Chad, Sudan and Uganda, the North African ostrich has completely disappeared from its previously vast Sahelo-Saharan range. Since its inception in 2004, SCF has been keen to see the ostrich restored to the wild. Efforts are underway in Niger to breed pure-bred ostriches for release into secure areas.
In Chad, SCF hopes shortly to reintroduce the ostrich to the Ouadi Rimé-Ouadi Achim Wildlife Reserve using birds captured from wild savanna populations. As a prerequisite to operations, as in Niger, we are spearheading the development of a national ostrich conservation strategy. This will bring together all interested parties to ensure synergy and cooperation. An initial workshop has just been held in Chad's capital city, N'Djaména. Facilitated by SCF and organized by the EU-funded Projet Ouadi Rimé-Ouadi Achim (POROA), some thirty participants came together to share knowledge and experience, and to discuss possible ways forward. Actions planned for Ouadi Rimé-Ouadi Achim and the neighbouring Ennedi were endorsed and work is now underway to prepare for the capture of young ostriches and their safe transport to pre-release facilities.
Thanks to the presence and contributions from knowledgeable people across the country, a great deal of information was gathered on the current status of the ostrich in Chad and the threats they face. By pooling knowledge and resources, it is hoped that ostrich conservation will prosper and the battle to regain lost ground begin in earnest.